,transcrib]'s note3 ,obvi\s pr9t]'s errors h be5 correct$1 all o!r inconsi/5cies are z 9 ! orig9al4 ,! au?or's spell+ has be5 ma9ta9$4 ,illu/ration3 ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt z ,cleopatra4 ,,great ,,m5 ,,& ,,fam\s ,,wom5 ,a ,s]ies ( ,p5 & ,p5cil ,sket*es ( ,,! ,,lives ,,( ,,m ,,?an #bjj ,,( ,,! ,,mo/ ,,prom95t ,,p]sonages ,,9 ,,hi/ory ,,vol4 ,,viii4 ,copyright1 #ahid1 ,,by ,,selm> ,,hess edit$ by ,*>les ,f4 ,horne ,illu/ration3 ,publi%]'s arm4 ,new-,york3 ,selm> ,hess ,publi%] ,,cont5ts ,,( ,,volume ,,viii4 ,,subject ,,au?or ,,page ,,mi*ael ,,angelo1 ,anna ,jameson1 #bad ,,bee?ov51 ,c4 ,e4 ,b\rne1 #cai ,,s>ah ,,b]nh>dt1 ,h4 ,s4 ,edw>ds1 #chb ,,rosa ,,bonheur1 ,cl>5ce ,cook1 #bgf ,,edw9 ,,boo?1 ,cl>5ce ,cook1 #cgj ,,*>lotte ,,cu%man1 ,dutton ,cook1 #cee ,lett] f ,miss ,cu%man to a "y fri5d on ! subject ( ,self-conque/1 #cfb ,,leon>do ,,da ,,v9ci1 ,anna ,jameson1 #bji ,,gu/ave ,,dor1 ,k5yon ,cox1 #bih ,,alb]t ,d,,r]1 ,w4 ,j4 ,holl&1 #bca ,,edw9 ,,=re/1 ,lawr5ce ,b>rett1 #cdi ,,david ,,g>rick1 ,samuel ,ar*]1 #cdc ,g,r,,me1 ,cl>5ce ,cook1 #bha ,,h&el1 ,c4 ,e4 ,b\rne1 #cjb ,,haydn1 ,c4 ,e4 ,b\rne1 #cae ,,william ,,hog>?1 #bdg ,,joseph ,,jeff]son1 ,cl>5ce ,cook1 #cgd ,,franz ,,liszt1 ,rev4 ,hugh ,r4 ,haweis1 ,m4,a41 #ccb ,,meissoni]1 ,cl>5ce ,cook1 #bgb ,,m5delssohn1 ,c4 ,f4 ,b\rne1 #cbf ,,jean ,,fran,,ois ,,millet1 ,cl>5ce ,cook1 #bfe ,,moz>t1 ,c4 ,e4 ,b\rne1 #cjh ,,pagan9i1 #cbe ,,adel9a ,,patti1 ,fr$]ick ,f4 ,buff51 #cgh ,,phidias1 ,cl>5ce ,cook1 #bjc ,,ra*el1 ,dutton ,cook1 #cfc ,,raphael1 ,mrs4 ,lee1 #bba ,,rembr&t1 ,elizabe? ,rob9s ,p5nell1 #bdj ,,sir ,,jo%ua ,,reynolds1 ,samuel ,ar*]1 #bej ,,dante ,,gabriel ,,rossetti1 ,edmund ,gosse1 #bhg ,,rub5s1 ,mrs4 ,lee1 #bcf ,,?orwalds51 ,hans ,*ri/ian ,&]s51 #beh ,,titian1 ,giorgio ,vas>i1 #bbf ,,giuseppe ,,v]di1 #cdb ,,ri*>d ,,wagn]1 ,frankl9 ,pet]son1 ,mus4 ,bac41 #cch ,,b5jam9 ,,we/1 ,m>?a ,j4 ,lamb1 #bed ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations ,,volume ,,viii4 ,,photogravures ,,illu/ration ,,arti/ ,,to ,,face ,,page ,,s>ah ,,b]nh>dt ,,z ,,cleopatra1 ,georges ,clair9 ,frontispiece ,,mi*ael ,,angelo ,,& ,,vittoria ,,colonna1 ,h]mann ,s*neid] #bbj ,,alb]t ,d,,r] ,,visits ,,hans ,,sa*s1 ,ri*>d ,gross #bcd ,,m>ie ,,de ,,m$ici ,,at ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,rub5s1 ,flor5t ,willems #bdj ,,connoisseurs ,,at ,,rembr&t',s ,,/udio1 ,adolphe-,alex&re ,lesrel #bdd ,,meissoni]',s ,,ateli]1 ,georges ,bretegni] #bgb ,,moz>t ,,s++ ,,8 ,,requiem1 ,?omas ,w4 ,%ields #cad ,,an ,,anecdote ,,ab\t ,,bee?ov51 ,paul ,ley5deck] #cbb ,,franz ,,liszt1 ,=tun-,joseph-,s]aph9 ,layraud #ccd ,,wagn] ,,& ,,8 ,,fri5ds1 ,wilhelm ,beckmann #cdj ,,ra*el ,,z ,,! ,,muse ,,( ,,greek ,,trag$y1 ,jean ,lon ,grme #cfh ,,joe ,,jeff]son ,,z ,,bob ,,acres1 ,f life #cgf ,,wood-,,engrav+s ,,& ,,typogravures ,,raphael ,,introduc$ ,,to ,,da ,,v9ci1 ,brune ,pags #bab ,,leo ,x4 ,,at ,,raphael',s ,,bi]1 ,pietro ,mi*is #bbd ,a ,f,,te ,,at ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,titian1 ,f4 ,kraus #bbh ,,alb]t ,d,,r]',s ,,w$d+1 ,a4 ,bod5mll] #bcb ,,hog>? ,,sket*+ ,,! ,,highway ,,( ,,que5bor\gh1 #bdh ,,b5jam9 ,,we/1 ,,presid5t ,,( ,,! ,,royal ,,academy1 ,sir ,?omas ,lawr5ce #beh ,,rosa ,,bonheur1 ,e4 ,dubufe #bgh ,,h&el',s ,,riv]-,,conc]t ,,= ,,george ,i41 ,a4 ,hamman #cjd ,,haydn ,,compos+ ,,8 ,,creation1 ,a4 ,hamman #cah ,,pagan9i ,,9 ,,prison1 ,l\is ,b\lang] #cbf ,,g>rick ,,z ,,ri*>d ,,iii41 ,william ,hog>? #cdf ,,=re/ ,,z ,,metamora1 ,f ,photograph #ceb ,,*>lotte ,,cu%man ,,z ,,mrs4 ,,hall]1 ,watk9s #cfj ,,pa9t]s ,,& ,,sculptors ,,phidias#a ,footnote #a3 ,copyright1 #ahid1 by ,selm> ,hess4 ,by ,,cl>5ce ,,cook 7,,ab\t #ejj-dcb ,b4,c47 ,phidias1 "o ( ! greate/ sculptors ! _w has se51 & ^: "n has become1 z x 71 ! synonym ( 8 art1 0 born at ,a!ns ab\t #ejj ,b4,c4 ,he belong$ to a family ( arti/s1 none ( :om inde$ 7 di/+ui%$ 9 _! pr(ession1 b _! v>i$ occupations furni%$ ! atmosph]e 9 :i* su* a tal5t z t ( ,phidias c\ld be/ be fo/]$ & br\ght to maturity4 ,8 fa!r 0 ,*>mides1 :o is believ$ to h be5 an arti/1 because ! ,greeks1 9 _! inscriptions1 did n associate ! "n ( ! fa!r ) t ( ! son unless bo? 7 ( ! same call+4 ,a bro!r ( ,phidias1 ,pano5os1 0 a pa9t]1 & is m5tion$ among ^? arti/s1 tw5ty or m 9 numb]1 :o 9 conjunction ) ,polygnotus1 "o ( ! *ief pa9t]s ( 8 day1 7 employ$ 9 ! decoration ( ! ,poecile or ,pa9t$ ,portico1 "o ( ! _m beautiful build+s erect$ by ,cimon4 ,! ,poecile 0 simply a long plat=m1 ) a ro( support$ by a r[ ( columns on "o side & by a wall on ! o!r4 ,x 0 call$ ! pa9t$1 because ! wall at ! back 0 cov]$ ) a s]ies ( l>ge hi/orical pictures conta9+ _m figures1 & record+ "s ( ! *ief ev5ts ( ! "t1 toge!r ) o!rs relat+ to an e>li] & m %ad[y epo*4 ,! subject ( ! pa9t+1 execut$1 at lea/ 9 "p1 by ! bro!r ( ,phidias1 0 ! ,battle ( ,m>a?on1 9 :i* great ev5t x is ?\ght he may himself h tak5 "p4 ,! boyhood ( ,phidias fell 9 a "t ( national revival1 :5 "u ! influ5ce ( an ennobl+ political excitem5t1 all ! arts 7 quick5$ to a fre%1 orig9al1 & spl5did gr[?4 ,! conte/ betwe5 ! ,greeks & ,p]sians1 :i* _h begun ) ! ,ionian revolt1 0 9 full activity at ! "t ( 8 bir?4 ,he 0 t5 ye>s old :5 ! battle ( ,m>a?on 0 f\ght1 & :5 he 0 tw5ty1 f\r ( ! mo/ /rik+ ev5ts 9 ! hi/ory ( ,greece 7 cr[d$ into a s+le ye>2 ! battle ( ,!rmopyl1 ! victory at ,salamis1 & ! tw9 glories ( ,plata & ,mycale4 ,8 e>ly y\?1 !re=e1 0 n\ri%$ by ! inspir+ influ5ces t come f ! victori\s /ruggle ( a p to ma9ta9 _! national life4 ,he 0 by no means ! only sculptor ( 8 "t :om fame rememb]s1 b he alone1 reject+ trivial !mes1 consecrat$ 8 tal5t to ! nobl] subjects ( 8 c\ntry's religi\s life & ! ideal conception ( h] protect+ gods4 ,no d\bt1 ,phidias1 l all :o are born ) ! arti/ic temp]am5t1 w\ld be int]e/$ f *ildhood 9 ! progress ( ! spl5did works ) :i* ,a!ns 0 enri*+ h]self "u ! rule ( ,cimon4 ,b 8 int]e/ mu/ h be5 greatly increas$ by ! fact t 8 bro!r ,pano5os 0 actively engag$ 9 ! decoration ( "o ( ^? build+s4 ,x w\ld be natural t he %\ld be (t5 drawn to ! place :]e 8 bro!r 0 at "w1 & t ! sight ( s _m arti/s1 mo/ ( !m "y m51 fill$ ) ! g5]\s ardor ( y\?1 & inspir$ by ! nature ( _! task1 %\ld h /irr$ 9 him an answ]+ en?usiasm4 ,x gives u a ?rill ( pleasure to read 9 ! li/ ( ^! y\?s ! "n ( ! great tragic poet1 ,euripides1 :o began life z a pa9t]1 & 9 ^: plays we f9d m ?an "o ref]5ce to ! art4 ,x _c be ?\ght unreasonable to suppose t two su* intellig5ces z ^! mu/ h _h an attraction = "o ano!r1 & t1 z 9 ! case ( ,dante & ,giotto1 ! great poet & ! great arti/ w\ld be drawn toge!r by a lik5ess 9 _! ta/e & aims4 ,phidias /udi$ 8 art fir/ at ,a!ns1 ) a native sculptor1 ,hegias1 ( :om we "k no?+ except f books4 ,lat]1 he w5t to ,argos1 & !re put himself "u ! in/ruction ( ,ageladas1 a work] *iefly 9 bronze1 & v fam\s 9 8 "t1 ( :om1 h[ev]1 no?+ rema9s b ! memory ( a few ( 8 m notable works4 ,= u1 8 own works =gott51 he rema9s 9 honor z ! tea*] ( ,myron1 ( ,polycletus1 & ( ,phidias1 ! ?ree *ief sculptors ( ! next g5]ation to 8 own4 ,on leav+ ! work%op ( ,ageladas1 ,phidias execut$ sev]al /atues t br\ght him prom95tly be=e ! public4 ,= ,delphi1 he made a gr\p ( ?irte5 figures 9 bronze1 to celebrate ! battle ( ,m>a?on & apo!osize ! h]oes ( ,attica4 ,9 ?is gr\p1 ,miltiades 0 plac$ 9 ! c5tre1 betwe5 ,a!na1 ! tutel>y goddess ( ,a!ns1 & ,apollo1 ! gu>dian ( ,delphi2 :ile on ea* side 7 five ,a!nian h]oes1 ,!seus & ,codrus ) o!rs1 arrang$ 9 a semicircle4 ,?is important "w 0 paid = by ,a!ns out ( h] %>e 9 ! spoils ( ,m>a?on4 ,ano!r important commission execut$ by ,phidias 0 a /atue ( ,a!na made = h] temple at ,plata1 & paid = ) ! eighty tal5ts rais$ by ! contributions ( ! o!r ,grecian /ates z a rew>d = ! spl5did s]vices ( ! ,platans at ,m>a?on1 :]e !y play$ some:at ! same "p z ! ,prussians at ! battle ( ,wat]loo4 ,! head1 h&s1 & feet ( ?is /atue 7 ( m>ble1 b ! drap]y 0 ( gold2 s arrang$1 probably1 z 9 ! case ( ! great /atue ( ,a!na design$ lat] by ,phidias = ! ,p>!non1 z to be removable f ! m>ble core at pleasure4 ,phidias made s _m /atues ( ! virg9 goddess ,a!na1 t 8 "n became associat$ ) h]s1 z at a lat] day t ( ,raphael 0 ) ! ,virg9 ,m>y4 ,9 ! fir/ p]iod ( 8 arti/ic c>e]1 mov$ p]haps by 8 patriotic gratitude = h] int]v5tion 9 behalf ( 8 native /ate1 he _h repres5t$ ! goddess z a w>like div9ity1 z "h at ,plata2 b 9 8 lat] conceptions1 z 9 a /atue made = ! ,a!nians ( ,lemnos1 ,a!na appe>$ inve/$ ) mild] attributes1 & ) a graceful & w9n+ type ( beauty4 ,9 _! invasion ( ,attica ! ,p]sians _h de/roy$ ! city ( ,a!ns1 & ! p1 :o _h fl$ to all qu>t]s ( ! p59sula to seek refuge f ! enemy1 return$ aft] ! victory at ,salamis & ! flight ( ! ,p]sians1 to f9d _! homes a heap ( ru9s4 ,! dwell+-h\ses ( ! ,greeks 7 ev]y:]e1 ev5 9 _! l>ge/ cities1 built ( mean mat]ials3 walls ( /ubble ov]laid ) /ucco & gayly pa9t$4 ,x 0 n long1 !re=e1 be=e ,a!ns resum$ some?+ ( h] old appe>ance1 ) su* improvem5ts z always foll[ ! rebuild+ ( a city4 ,! mo/ important *ange effect$ 0 t br\ght ab\t 9 ! "* ( ! great plateau1 ! =tifi$ rock ( ! ,acropolis4 ,"h1 z 9 _m ,greek cities1 ! temples ( ! gods _h be5 erect$1 & ab\t !m1 z ab\t ! ca!drals ( ! ,middle ,ages1 !re _h gr[n up a sw>m ( h\ses & o!r build+s built by g5]ations ( p :o s\ght !re at once ! protection ( ! /ockade :i* enclos$ ! almo/ inaccessible site1 & ! /ill fur!r safegu>d ( ! pres5ce ( ! div9ities 9 _! temples4 ,! de/ructive h& ( ! ,p]sian invad]s _h swept ?is plat=m cle> ( all ^! multipli$ incumbrances1 & 9 ! rebuild+ ( ! city x 0 det]m9$ to res]ve ! ,acropolis = milit>y & religi\s uses alone4 ,! "w ( improvem5t 0 begun by ,cimon1 :o1 h[ev]1 conf9$ 8 att5tion *iefly to ! l[] city t clu/]$ ab\t ! base ( ! ,acropolis4 ,"h1 among o!r /ructures1 he built ! temple ( ,!seus & ! ,pa9t$ ,portico1 & he also erect$1 ne> ! summit ( ! ,acropolis1 on ! we/]n side1 ! little gem-l temple ( ! ,w+less ,victory1 ,nike ,apt]os1 9 commemoration ( ! success ( ! ,a!nian arms at ! battle ( ! ,eurym$on4 ,x 0 f ,cimon t ,phidias receiv$ 8 fir/ commission = "w ^u ! ,acropolis1 :]e lat] he 0 to build su* a la/+ monum5t to 8 own fame & to ! fame ( 8 native l&4 ,! commission giv5 him by ,cimon 0 to erect a bronze /atue ( ,a!na :i* 0 to /& on ! citadel1 at once a symbol ( ! p[] ( ,a!ns & a tribute to ! protect+ goddess ( ! city4 ,! "w ^u ! /atue 0 probably begun "u ,cimon1 b accord+ to ,ottfri$ ,mll] x 0 n complet$ at ! dea? ( ,phidias4 ,x /ood 9 ! op5 air1 & ne>ly opposite ! ,colonnade at ! entrance ( ! great flight ( m>ble /eps t l$ f ! pla9 to ! summit ( ! ,acropolis1 & 0 ! fir/ object to meet ! eye on pass+ ?r\gh ! gateway4 ,x repres5t$ ! goddess1 arm$1 & 9 a w>like attitude1 f :i* x d]iv$ its "n1 ,a!na ,proma*os3 ,a!na1 ! lead] ( ! battle4 ,) its p$e/al x /ood ab\t sev5ty feet high1 t[]+ above ! ro( ( ! ,p>!non1 ! gild$ po9t ( ! braz5 spe> held by ! goddess fla%+ back ! sun to ! %ips z 9 approa*+ ,a!ns !y r\nd$ ! promontory ( ,sunium4 ,we read t ! /atue 0 /ill /&+ s late z #cie ,a4,d41 & x is said t its t[]+ height & ?reat5+ aspect caus$ a panic t]ror 9 ,al>ic & 8 horde ( b>b>ians :5 !y climb$ ! ,acropolis to plund] its temple ( its treasure4 ,b x 0 "u ! rule ( ,p]icles t ,phidias 0 to f9d at ,a!ns 8 ri*e/ employm5t4 ,p]icles _h det]m9$1 probably by ! advice ( ,phidias1 to make ! ,acropolis ! seat & c5tre ( ! new & spl5did city t 0 to arise "u 8 adm9i/ration4 ,! fir/ great und]tak+ 0 ! build+ ( a temple to ,a!na ,p>!nos1 ,a!na ! ,virg91 a design believ$ to h be5 sugge/$ to ,p]icles by ,phidias4 ,! plans 7 intru/$ to ,ict9us1 an ,a!nian1 "o ( ! be/ ar*itects ( ! day2 b ! g5]al control & sup]9t5d5ce ( ! "w 7 giv5 to ,phidias4 ,z ! build+ rose to completion1 workm5 9 all bran*es ( ! arts flock$ to ,a!ns f e "p ( ,greece & 7 giv5 full employm5t by ,phidias 9 ! decoration & furni%+ ( ! temple4 ,! ta/e ( ,phidias controll$ ! :ole s*eme ( decoration appli$ to ! build+1 into :i* color ent]$1 no d\bt1 to a mu* great] ext5t ?an 0 =m]ly believ$4 ,ev5 aft] "t & ! de/ructive h& ( man h done _! wor/1 !re /ill rema9 suffici5t traces ( color to prove t ! sculpture1 & ! :ole upp] "p ( ! temple1 7 pa9t$ 9 bright b h>moni\s colors1 & t metal ornam5ts & accessories acc5t$ ! :ole s*eme ) glitt]+ po9ts ( light reflect$ f _! %9+ surfaces4 ,! sculptures ) :i* ! ,p>!non 0 adorn$ by ,phidias1 & :i* 7 execut$ "u 8 imm$iate sup]9t5d5ce1 consi/$ ( two great gr\ps t fill$ ! ea/]n & we/]n p$im5ts2 ( gr\ps ( two figures ea* 9 ! n9ety-two metopes or panels above ! out] r[ ( columns2 &1 f9ally1 ! fam\s frieze t ran completely r\nd ! temple itself1 j bel[ ! ceil+ ( ! colonnade1 & at a height ( ab\t ?irty-n9e feet f ! floor4 ,! subject ( ! gr\p t fill$ ! ea/]n p$im5t1 ! "o above ! entrance door ( ! temple1 0 ! bir? ( ,a!na4 ,j h[ ! ev5t 0 repres5t$ we d n "k because q half ! gr\p1 includ+ ! pr9cipal figures1 disappe>$ v e>ly 9 our era1 & no description ( !m rema9s 9 any anci5t or mod]n writ]4 ,! gr\p 9 ! we/]n p$im5t repres5t$ ! conte/ betwe5 ,a!na & ,poseidon = ! dom9ion ov] ,attica4 ,accord+ to ! leg5d1 ! /rife betwe5 ! two div9ities took place 9 an assembly ( ! gods on ! ,acropolis1 :o 7 to det]m9e :i* ( ! two conte/ants %\ld be ! protector ( ! city4 ,to prove 8 p[]1 ,poseidon /ruck ! rock ) 8 trid5t1 & a salt spr+ leap$ =?1 z if ! sea itself _h obey$ ! call ( its "l4 ,a!na /ruck ! gr\nd1 & an olive-tree sprang up1 ! emblem ( peace & ( ! victories ( comm]ce1 & ! assembly aw>d$ ! prize to h]4 ,! goddess hav+ ?us receiv$ ! sov]eignty ( ,a!ns1 x 0 b natural t a day %\ld be set ap>t = h] special honor1 & a fe/ival in/itut$ to commemorate ! great ev5t4 ,?is 0 ! great] ,pana!naia1 or ,all ,a!nians ,day1 :i* 0 celebrat$ e f\r? ye> 9 honor ( ! goddess1 & :i*1 z its "n implies1 0 tak5 "p 9 by all ! p ( ! city4 ,x occurr$ 9 ! e>ly summ] & la/$ five days4 ,on ! fif? day1 x clos$ ) a procession :i* w5t ?r\gh all ! *ief /reets ( ! city & w\nd its way up ! ,great ,/airway to ! ,acropolis1 be>+ ! peplos or embroid]$ robe wov5 by "y virg9 ladies ( ,a!ns1 *os5 f ! highe/ families1 & kn[n = _! skill 9 ?is k9d ( "w4 ,aft] ! peplos _h be5 consecrat$ 9 ! temple x 0 plac$ ) due solemnities ^u ! anci5t & v5]able figure ( ! goddess1 made ( olive-wood1 & said to h desc5d$ f heav54 ,f its subject1 :i* ?us celebrates ! ,pana!naic procession1 ! frieze is (t5 call$ ! ,pana!naic frieze4 ,x is c>v$ f ,p5telic m>ble1 ( :i* mat]ial ! m>ble build+ is con/ruct$4 ,its orig9al l5g?1 runn+ z x did ar\nd ! entire build+1 0 #ebb4hj feet1 ( :i* ab\t #daj feet rema94 ,( ?is portion1 #bdi feet are 9 ! ,briti% ,museum 9 slabs & fragm5ts2 ! rema9d] is *iefly 9 ! ,l\vre1 ) scatt]$ fragm5ts 9 o!r places4 ,z a connect$ subject ?is 0 ! mo/ ext5sive piece ( sculpture ev] made 9 ,greece4 ,f all t c be ga!r$ f ! /udy ( ! fragm5ts t rema91 ! design ( ! frieze 0 ( ! utmo/ simplicity & *>act]iz$ by ! union ( p]fect ta/e & cle> purpose t m>ks all ! "w ( ! great sculptor4 ,! subject beg9s 9 ! frieze at ! we/]n end ( ! temple1 :]e we wat* ! assembl+ ( ! procession4 ,x !n proce$s along ! nor!rn & s\!rn sides ( ! build+1 9 :at we are to suppose "o cont9u\s l9e1 mov+ t[>d ! ea/1 s9ce all ! faces are turn$ t way2 & at ! ea/]n end1 directly ov] ! ma9 entrance to ! build+1 ! two p>ts ( ! procession meet1 9 ! pres5ce ( ! magi/rates & ( ! div9ities :o _h places ( wor%ip 9 ,a!ns4 ,( ! grace1 ! skill 9 arrangem5t1 ! v>iety ( inv5tion1 ! happy union ( movem5t & repose %[n 9 ?is "w1 n only arti/s--m5 be/ fitt$ to judge its m]its f a te*nical po9t ( view--b ! cultivat$ portion ( ! public1 & a l>ge & ev]-increas+ circle ( e-day p1 h by common cons5t agre$ 9 praise4 ,by ! multiplication ( ca/s1 to be f\nd n[ 9 all our pr9cipal museums1 we are enabl$ to /udy & to enjoy ! long procession ev5 bett] ?an x c\ld h be5 enjoy$ 9 its orig9al place1 :]e x mu/ h be5 se5 at a great disadvantage 9 spite ( ! skill %[n by ,phidias 9 adapt+ x to its site2 =1 z ! frieze /ood ?irty-n9e feet f ! floor1 & z ! wid? ( ! portico betwe5 ! wall & ! columns 0 only n9e feet1 x 0 se5 at a v %>p angle1 & ow+ to ! projection ( ! ro( beyond ! wall ( ! temple ! frieze receiv$ only reflect$ light f ! m>ble pavem5t bel[4 ,ap>t f ! m>ble sculptures on ! ext]ior ( ! ,p>!non1 ! two mo/ fam\s works ( ,phidias 7 ! /atues ( ,a!na1 made = ! int]ior ( ! ,p>!non1 & ( ,zeus = ! temple ( ! god at ,olympia 9 ,elis4 ,bo? ^! /atues 7 ( ! sort call$ ,*ryselephant9e1 f ! ,greek *r\s\s1 gold51 & elephant9os1 ( ivory2 t is1 !y 7 con/ruct$ ( plates ( gold & ivory1 laid ^u a core ( wood or /one4 ,! /yle 0 n new1 ?\gh its inv5tion 0 at "o "t ascrib$ to ,phidias4 ,x came f ! ,ea/1 b x 0 n[ employ$ = ! fir/ "t 9 ,greece 9 a "w ( national importance4 ,9 ! ,a!na1 ! face1 neck1 arms1 h&s1 & feet 7 made ( ivory1 & ! drap]y & ornam5ts1 ! helmet1 ! %ield1 & ! s&als ( gold1 :i* z 9 ! case ( ! /atue made = ,plata1 0 removable at pleasure4 ,! height ( ! /atue1 includ+ ! p$e/al1 0 ne>ly =ty feet4 ,! goddess /ood erect1 clo!d ) a tunic rea*+ to ! ankles1 & %[+ h] ri*ly s&all$ feet4 ,%e _h ! gis on h] brea/1 h] head 0 cov]$ ) a helmet1 & h] %ield1 ri*ly emboss$ ) ! ,battle ( ! ,amazons1 re/$ on ! gr\nd at h] side4 ,9 "o h& %e held a spe>1 & 9 ! o!r1 an image ( ,victory six feet high4 ,a /ill m spl5did "w1 & "o :i* rais$ ! fame ( ,phidias to ! highe/ po9t1 0 ! /atue ( ! ,olympian ,zeus1 made = ! ,eleans4 ,9 ?is /atue1 ,phidias essay$ to embody ! ,hom]ic ideal ( ! supreme div9ity ( ! p ( ,greece sitt+ on 8 ?rone z a mon>*1 & 9 an attitude ( maje/ic repose4 ,! ?rone1 made ( c$>-wood1 0 cov]$ ) plates ( gold1 & enri*$ ) ivory1 ebony1 & preci\s /ones4 ,x re/$ on a plat=m twelve feet high1 made ( co/ly m>ble & c>v$ ) ! images ( ! gods :o =m$ ! c\ncil ( ,zeus on ,olympus4 ,! feet ( ! god re/$ on a foot/ool support$ by lions1 & ) ! combat ( ,!seus & ! ,amazons 9 a bas-relief on ! front & sides4 ,9 "o h& ,zeus held ! sceptre1 & 9 ! o!r a w+$ ,victory4 ,8 head 0 cr[n$ ) a laurel wrea?2 8 mantle1 fall+ f "o %\ld]1 left 8 brea/ b>e & cov]$ ! l[] "p ( 8 p]son ) its ample folds ( pure gold enamell$ ) fl[]s4 ,! :ole height ( ! /atue ) ! p$e/al 0 ab\t fifty feet2 by its v disproportion to ! size ( ! temple x 0 made to appe> /ill l>g] ?an x really 04 ,?is /atue 0 reckon$ "o ( ! wond]s ( ! _w4 ,9 x ! ,greeks seem$ to behold ,zeus face to face4 ,to see x 0 a cure = all e>?ly woes1 & to die )\t hav+ se5 x 0 reckon$ a great calamity4 ,! d[nfall ( ,p]icles1 due to ! jeal\sies ( 8 rivals1 c>ri$ ) x ! ru9 ( ,phidias1 8 close fri5d1 to :om he _h entru/$ su* great und]tak+s4 ,an indictm5t 0 br\ght aga9/ ! sculptor1 *>g+ him ) appropriat+ to himself a portion ( ! gold giv5 him = ! adornm5t ( ! /atue ( ,a!na2 & accord+ to "s au?orities ,p]icles himself 0 includ$ 9 ! *>ge4 ,! gold _h1 h[ev]1 be5 atta*$ to ! /atue 9 su* a mann] t x c\ld be tak5 (f & weigh$1 & 9 ! pro(1 ! *>ge _h to be ab&on$4 ,b ,phidias did n escape s easily4 ,he 0 accus$ ( sacrilege 9 hav+ introduc$ portraits ( himself & ,p]icles on ! %ield ( ! goddess1 :]e1 says ,plut>*1 9 ! bas-relief ( ! ,battle ( ! ,amazons1 he c>v$ 8 own portrait z a bald old man lift+ a /one ) bo? h&s1 & also introduc$ an excell5t lik5ess ( ,p]icles fight+ ) an ,amazon4 ,phidias di$ 9 prison be=e ! trial came (f1 & 8 "n mu/ be add$ to ! long li/ ( ^? :om an ungrateful _w has rew>d$ = _! s]vices ) ignom9y & dea?4 ,signature ( ! au?or4 ,,leon>do ,,da ,,v9ci ,by ,,anna ,,jameson 7#adeb-aeai7 ,illu/ration3 ,leon>do ,da ,v9ci4 ,leon>do da ,v9ci seems to pres5t 9 8 own p]son a rsum ( all ! *>act]i/ics ( ! age 9 :i* he liv$4 ,he 0 ! miracle ( t age ( miracles4 ,ard5t & v]satile z y\?2 pati5t & p]sev]+ z age2 a mo/ pr(\nd & orig9al ?9k]2 ! greate/ ma!matician & mo/ +5i\s me*anic ( 8 "t2 ar*itect1 *emi/1 eng9e]1 musician1 poet1 pa9t]--we are n only a/\nd$ by ! v>iety ( 8 natural gifts & acquir$ k1 b by ! practical direction ( 8 amaz+ p[]s4 ,! extracts :i* h be5 publi%$ f ,,mss4 n[ exi/+ 9 8 own h&writ+ %[ him to h anticipat$ by ! =ce ( 8 own intellect "s ( ! greate/ discov]ies made s9ce 8 "t4 ,^! fragm5ts1 says ,mr4 ,hallam1 are1 accord+ to our common e/imate ( ! age 9 :i* he liv$1 m l revelations ( physical tru?s v\*saf$ to a s+le m9d ?an ! sup]/ructure ( its reason+ ^u any e/abli%$ basis4 ,! discov]ies :i* made ,galileo1 ,kepl]1 ,ca/elli1 & o!r names illu/ri\s2 ! sy/em ( ,cop]nicus1 ! v !ories ( rec5t geologi/s1 are anticipat$ by ,da ,v9ci )9 ! compass ( a few pages1 n p]haps 9 ! mo/ precise language1 or on ! mo/ conclusive reason+1 b s z to /rike u ) some?+ l ! awe ( pret]natural k4 ,9 an age ( s mu* dogmatism he fir/ laid d[n ! gr& pr9ciple ( ,bacon1 t exp]im5t & obs]vation mu/ be ! guides to j !ory 9 ! inve/igation ( nature4 ,if any d\bt c\ld be h>bor$1 n z to ! "r ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci to /& z ! fir/ "n ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 :i* is beyond all d\bt1 b z to 8 orig9ality 9 s _m discov]ies1 :i* probably no "o man1 especially 9 su* circum/ances1 has ev] made1 x mu/ be by an hypo!sis n v unt5able1 t "s p>ts ( physical sci5ce _h already atta9$ a height :i* m]e books d n record4 ,x seems at fir/ sight almo/ incompreh5sible t1 ?us end[$ z a philosoph]1 me*anic1 inv5tor1 discov]]1 ! fame ( ,leon>do %\ld n[ re/ on ! works he has left z a pa9t]4 ,we _c1 )9 ^! limits1 attempt to expla9 :y & h[ x is t z ! man ( sci5ce he has be5 naturally & necess>ily left beh9d by ! onw>d m>* ( intellectual progress1 :ile z ! poet-pa9t] he /ill survives z a pres5ce & a p[]4 ,we mu/ proce$ at once to give "s acc\nt ( him 9 ! "* 9 :i* he exi/s to u & = u--t ( ! great arti/4 ,leon>do 0 born at ,v9ci1 ne> ,flor5ce1 9 ! ,l[] ,val d',arno1 on ! bord]s ( ! t]ritory ( ,pi/oia4 ,8 fa!r1 ,pi]o da ,v9ci1 0 an advocate ( ,flor5ce--n ri*1 b 9 indep5d5t circum/ances1 & possess$ ( e/ates 9 l&4 ,! s+ul> tal5ts ( 8 son induc$ ,pi]o to give him1 f an e>ly age1 ! advantage ( ! be/ in/ructors4 ,z a *ild he di/+ui%$ himself by 8 pr(ici5cy 9 ari?metic & ma!matics4 ,music he /udi$ e>ly1 z a sci5ce z well z an art4 ,he inv5t$ a species ( lyre = himself1 & sung 8 own poetical compositions to 8 own music1 bo? be+ frequ5tly extemporane\s4 ,b 8 favorite pursuit 0 ! art ( design 9 all its bran*es2 he modell$ 9 clay or wax1 or attempt$ to draw e object :i* /ruck 8 fancy4 ,8 fa!r s5t him to /udy "u ,&rea ,v]roc*io1 fam\s z a sculptor1 *as] 9 metal1 & pa9t]4 ,&rea1 :o 0 an excell5t & correct design]1 b a bad & h>d colori/1 0 soon aft] engag$ to pa9t a picture ( ! baptism ( our ,savi\r4 ,he employ$ ,leon>do1 !n a y\?1 to execute "o ( ! angels2 ?is he did ) s mu* s(tness & ri*ness ( color1 t x f> surpass$ ! re/ ( ! picture2 & ,v]roc*io f t "t ?rew away 8 palette1 & conf9$ himself :olly to 8 works 9 sculpture & design1 enrag$1 says ,vess>i1 t a *ild %\ld ?us excel him4 ,! y\? ( ,leon>do ?us pass$ away 9 ! pursuit ( sci5ce & ( art2 sometimes he 0 deeply engag$ 9 a/ronomical calculations & inve/igations2 sometimes ard5t 9 ! /udy ( natural hi/ory1 botany1 & anatomy2 sometimes int5t on new effects ( color1 light1 %ad[1 or expression 9 repres5t+ objects animate or inanimate4 ,v]satile1 yet p]sev]+1 he v>i$ 8 pursuits1 b he nev] ab&on$ any4 ,he 0 q a "y man :5 he conceiv$ & demon/rat$ ! practicability ( two magnific5t projects3 "o 0 to lift ! :ole ( ! *ur* ( ,san ,giovanni1 by means ( imm5se lev]s1 "s feet high] ?an x n[ /&s1 & ?us supply ! defici5t elevation2 ! o!r project 0 to =m ! ,arno into a navigable canal z f> z ,pisa1 :i* w\ld h add$ greatly to ! comm]cial advantages ( ,flor5ce4 ,x happ5$ ab\t ?is "t t a peasant on ! e/ate ( ,pi]o da ,v9ci br\ght him a circul> piece ( wood1 cut horizontally f ! trunk ( a v l>ge old fig-tree1 :i* _h be5 lately fell$1 & begg$ to h some?+ pa9t$ on x z an ornam5t = 8 cottage4 ,! man be+ an especial favorite1 ,pi]o desir$ 8 son ,leon>do to gratify 8 reque/2 & ,leon>do1 inspir$ by t wildness ( fancy :i* 0 "o ( 8 *>act]i/ics1 took ! panel into 8 own room1 & resolv$ to a/oni% 8 fa!r by a mo/ unlook$-= pro( ( 8 art4 ,he det]m9$ to compose some?+ :i* %\ld h an effect simil> to t ( ! ,m$usa on ! %ield ( ,p]seus1 & almo/ petrify behold]s4 ,aid$ by 8 rec5t /udies 9 natural hi/ory1 he collect$ toge!r f ! neighbor+ swamps & ! riv]-mud all k9ds ( hide\s reptiles1 z add]s1 liz>ds1 toads1 s]p5ts3 insects1 z mo?s1 locu/s1 & o!r crawl+ & fly+ obsc5e & obnoxi\s ?+s2 & out ( ^! he compos$ a sort ( mon/] or *im]a1 :i* he repres5t$ z ab\t to issue f ! %ield1 ) eyes fla%+ fire1 & ( an aspect s fe>ful & abom9able t x seem$ to infect ! v air ar\nd4 ,:5 f9i%$1 he l$ 8 fa!r into ! room 9 :i* x 0 plac$1 & ! t]ror & horror ( ,pi]o prov$ ! success ( 8 attempt4 ,?is production1 aft]w>d kn[n z ! ,rotello del ,fico1 f ! mat]ial on :i* x 0 pa9t$1 0 sold by ,pi]o secretly = "o hundr$ ducats to a m]*ant1 :o c>ri$ x to ,milan1 & sold x to ! duke = ?ree hundr$4 ,to ! poor peasant1 ?us *eat$ ( 8 ,rotello1 ,pi]o gave a wood5 %ield1 on :i* 0 pa9t$ a he>t transfix$ by a d>t1 a device bett] suit$ to 8 ta/e & compreh5sion4 ,9 ! subsequ5t tr\bles ( ,milan1 ,leon>do's picture disappe>$1 & 0 probably de/roy$ z an object ( horror by ^? :o did n und]/& its value z a "w ( art4 ,dur+ ?is fir/ p]iod ( 8 life1 :i* 0 :olly pass$ 9 ,flor5ce & its neighborhood1 ,leon>do pa9t$ sev]al o!r pictures ( a v diff]5t "*1 & design$ "s beautiful c>toons ( sacr$ & my?ological subjects1 :i* %[$ t 8 s5se ( ! beautiful1 ! elevat$1 & ! graceful 0 n less a "p ( 8 m9d ?an t ecc5tricity & almo/ p]v]sion ( fancy :i* made him delight 9 sket*+ ugly1 exagg]at$ c>icatures1 & repres5t+ ! de=m$ & ! t]rible4 ,leon>do da ,v9ci 0 n[ ab\t ?irty ye>s old1 9 ! prime ( 8 life & tal5ts4 ,8 ta/e = pleasure & exp5se 01 h[ev]1 equal to 8 g5ius & indefatigable indu/ry2 & anxi\s to secure a c]ta9 provision = ! future1 z well z a wid] field = ! ex]cise ( 8 v>i\s tal5ts1 he accept$ ! invitation ( ,ludovico ,s=za il ,moro1 !n reg5t1 aft]w>d ,duke ( ,milan1 to reside 9 8 c\rt1 & to execute a colossal eque/rian /atue ( 8 ance/or1 ,francesco ,s=za4 ,"h beg9s ! second p]iod ( 8 arti/ic c>e]1 :i* includes 8 soj\rn at ,milan1 t is f #adhc to #adii4 ,vas>i says t ,leon>do 0 invit$ to ! c\rt ( ,milan = ! ,duke ,ludovico's amusem5t1 z a musician & p]=m] on ! lyre1 & z ! greate/ s+] & improvisatore ( 8 "t2 b ?is is improbable4 ,leon>do1 9 8 long lett] to t pr9ce1 9 :i* he recites 8 own qualifications = employm5t1 dwells *iefly on 8 skill 9 eng9e]+ & =tification2 & sums up 8 pret5sions z an arti/ 9 ^! few brief words3 ,i und]/& ! diff]5t modes ( sculpture 9 m>ble1 bronze1 & t]ra-cotta4 ,9 pa9t+1 also1 ,i may e/eem myself equal to anyone1 let him be :o he may4 ,( 8 musical tal5ts he makes no m5tion :atev]1 ?\gh und\bt$ly ^!1 z well z 8 o!r social accompli%m5ts1 8 h&some p]son1 8 w9n+ address1 8 wit & eloqu5ce1 recomm5d$ him to ! notice ( ! pr9ce1 by :om he 0 greatly belov$1 & 9 ^: s]vice he rema9$ = ab\t sev5te5 ye>s4 ,x is n necess>y1 nor w\ld x be possible "h1 to give a p>ticul> acc\nt ( all ! works 9 :i* ,leon>do 0 engag$ = 8 patron1 nor ( ! great political ev5ts 9 :i* he 0 involv$1 m by 8 position ?an by 8 incl9ation2 = in/ance1 ! invasion ( ,italy by ,*>les ,,viii4 ( ,france1 & ! subsequ5t invasion ( ,milan by ,l\is ,,xii41 :i* end$ 9 ! de/ruction ( ! ,duke ,ludovico4 ,! greate/ "w ( all1 & by f> ! gr&e/ picture :i*1 up to t "t1 _h be5 execut$ 9 ,italy1 0 ! ,la/ ,supp]1 pa9t$ on ! wall ( ! refectory1 or d9+-room1 ( ! ,dom9ican conv5t ( ! ,madonna delle ,grazie4 ,x occupi$ ,leon>do ab\t two ye>s1 f #adif to #adih4 ,! mom5t select$ by ! pa9t] is describ$ 9 ! #bf? *apt] ( ,/4 ,mat!w1 #ba/ & #bb;d v]ses3 ,& z !y did eat1 he said1 ,v]ily1 ,i say unto y1 t "o ( y %all betray me3 & !y 7 exce$+ sorr[ful1 & began e "o ( !m to say unto him1 ,"l1 is x ,i8 ,! k ( "* display$ 9 ! heads ( ! diff]5t apo/les is ev5 m wond]ful ?an ! skilful arrangem5t ( ! figures & ! amaz+ beauty ( ! workman%ip4 ,! space occupi$ by ! picture is a wall tw5ty-eight feet 9 l5g? & ! figures are l>g] ?an life4 ,( ?is magnific5t creation ( art1 only ! m\ld]+ rema9s are n[ visible4 ,x has be5 s (t5 repair$ t almo/ e ve/ige ( ! orig9al pa9t+ is annihilat$2 b f ! multiplicity ( descriptions1 engrav+s1 & copies t exi/1 no picture is m univ]sally kn[n & celebrat$4 ,p]haps ! be/ judgm5t we c n[ =m ( its m]its is f ! f9e copy execut$ by "o ( ,leon>do's be/ pupils1 ,m>co ,uggione1 = ! ,c]tosa at ,pavia1 & n[ 9 ,london1 9 ! collection ( ! ,royal ,academy4 ,elev5 o!r copies1 by v>i\s pupils ( ,leon>do1 pa9t$ ei!r dur+ 8 lifetime or )9 a few ye>s aft] 8 dea?1 :ile ! picture 0 9 p]fect pres]vation1 exi/ 9 diff]5t *ur*es & collections4 ,:ile engag$ on ! ,c5acolo1 ,leon>do pa9t$ ! portrait ( ,lucrezia ,crivelli1 n[ 9 ! ,l\vre 7,no4 #dhc74 ,x has be5 engrav$ "u ! title ( ,la ,belle ,f]ronnire1 b lat] rese>*es leave u no d\bt t x repres5ts ,lucrezia ,crivelli1 a beautiful favorite ( ,ludovico ,s=za1 & 0 pa9t$ at ,milan 9 #adig4 ,x is1 z a "w ( art1 ( su* extraord9>y p]fection t all critical admiration is lo/ 9 wond]4 ,( ! gr& eque/rian /atue ( ,francesco ,s=za1 ,leon>do nev] f9i%$ m ?an ! model 9 clay1 :i* 0 consid]$ a ma/]piece4 ,"s ye>s aft]w>d 79 #adii71 :5 ,milan 0 invad$ by ! ,fr5*1 x 0 us$ z a t>get by ! ,gascon b[m51 & completely de/roy$4 ,! pr(\nd anatomical /udies :i* ,leon>do made = ?is "w /ill exi/4 ,illu/ration3 ,raphael ,introduc$ to ,da ,v9ci4 ,9 ! ye> #aejj1 ! ,fr5* be+ 9 possession ( ,milan1 8 patron ,ludovico 9 captivity1 & ! affairs ( ! /ate 9 utt] confusion1 ,leon>do return$ to 8 native ,flor5ce1 :]e he hop$ to re-e/abli% 8 brok5 =tunes1 & to f9d employm5t4 ,"h beg9s ! ?ird p]iod ( 8 arti/ic life1 f #aejj to #aeac1 t is1 f 8 =ty-eigh? to 8 sixtie? ye>4 ,he f\nd ! ,m$ici family 9 exile1 b 0 receiv$ by ,pietro ,sod]9i 7:o gov]n$ ! city z ,gonfalonire p]petuo7 ) great di/9ction1 & a p5sion 0 assign$ to him z pa9t] 9 ! s]vice ( ! republic4 ,"o ( 8 fir/ works aft] 8 return to ,flor5ce 0 ! fam\s portrait ( ,madonna ,lisa del ,giocondo1 call$ 9 ,fr5* ,la ,joconde1 & n[ 9 ! ,l\vre 7#dhd71 :i* aft] ! dea? ( ,leon>do 0 pur*as$ by ,francis ,i4 = #d1jjj gold cr[ns1 equal to #de1jjj francs or #a1hjj1 an enorm\s sum 9 ^? days2 yet :o ev] ?\ght x too mu*8 ,!n began ! rivalry betwe5 ,leon>do & ,mi*ael ,angelo1 :i* la/$ dur+ ! rema9d] ( ,leon>do's life4 ,! diff]5ce ( age 7= ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 tw5ty-two ye>s y\ng]7 ought to h prev5t$ all unseemly jeal\sy2 b ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 haughty & impati5t ( all sup]iority1 or ev5 equality2 ,leon>do1 s5sitive1 caprici\s1 & naturally dis9cl9$ to admit ! pret5sions ( a rival1 to :om he c\ld say1 & did say1 ,i 0 fam\s be=e y 7 born6 ,) all _! admiration ( ea* o!r's g5ius1 _! mutual frailties prev5t$ any real good-w on ei!r side4 ,leon>do1 dur+ 8 /ay at ,flor5ce1 pa9t$ ! portrait ( ,g9evra ,b5ci1 ! reign+ beauty ( h] "t4 ,we f9d t 9 #aejb he 0 engag$ by ,cs> ,borgia to visit & report on ! =tifications ( 8 t]ritories1 & 9 ?is (fice he 0 employ$ = two ye>s4 ,9 #aejc he =m$ a plan = turn+ ! c\rse ( ! ,arno1 & 9 ! foll[+ ye> he lo/ 8 fa!r4 ,9 #aeje he modell$ ! gr\p :i* we n[ see ov] ! nor!rn door ( ! ,san ,giovanni1 at ,flor5ce4 ,9 #aead he 0 invit$ to ,rome by ,leo ,x41 b m 9 8 "* ( philosoph]1 me*anic1 & al*emi/1 ?an z a pa9t]4 ,"h ,raphael 0 at ! height ( 8 fame1 & engag$ 9 8 greate/ works1 ! frescos ( ! ,vatican4 ,! y\ng] arti/ 0 introduc$ to ! eld]2 & two pictures :i* ,leon>do pa9t$ :ile at ,rome--! ,madonna ( ,/4 ,on(rio1 & ! ,holy ,family1 pa9t$ = ,filib]ta ( ,savoy1 ! pope's si/]-9-law 7:i* is n[ at ,/4 ,pet]sburg7--%[ t ev5 ?is vet]an 9 art felt ! irresi/ible influ5ce ( ! g5ius ( 8 "y rival4 ,!y are bo? ,raffaelesque 9 ! subject & treatm5t4 ,x appe>s t ,leon>do 0 ill-satisfi$ ) 8 soj\rn at ,rome4 ,he _h long be5 accu/om$ to hold ! fir/ rank z an arti/ :]ev] he resid$2 :]eas at ,rome he f\nd himself only "o among _m :o1 if !y ackn[l$g$ 8 greatness1 affect$ to consid] 8 day z pa/4 ,he 0 consci\s t _m ( ! improvem5ts 9 ! arts :i* 7 n[ br\ght into use1 & :i* enabl$ ! pa9t]s ( ! day to produce su* extraord9>y effects1 7 inv5t$ or introduc$ by himself4 ,if he c\ld no long] ass]t t measureless sup]iority ov] all o!rs :i* he _h done 9 8 y\ng] days1 x 0 because he himself _h op5$ to !m new pa?s to excell5ce4 ,! arrival ( 8 old competitor1 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 & "s slight on ! "p ( ,leo ,x41 :o 0 annoy$ by 8 speculative & dilatory habits 9 execut+ ! works intru/$ to him1 all add$ to 8 irritation & disgu/4 ,he left ,rome1 & set out = ,pavia1 :]e ! ,fr5* k+1 ,francis ,i41 !n held 8 c\rt4 ,he 0 receiv$ by ! "y mon>* ) e m>k ( respect1 load$ ) favors1 & a p5sion ( #gjj gold cr[ns settl$ on him = life4 ,at ! fam\s conf]5ce betwe5 ,francis ,i4 & ,leo ,x41 at ,bologna1 ,leon>do att5d$ 8 new patron1 & 0 ( ess5tial s]vice to him on t occasion4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye>1 #aeaf1 he return$ ) ,francis ,i4 to ,france1 & 0 atta*$ to ! ,fr5* c\rt z pr9cipal pa9t]4 ,x appe>s1 h[ev]1 t dur+ 8 resid5ce 9 ,france he did n pa9t a s+le picture4 ,8 heal? _h begun to decl9e f ! "t he left ,italy2 & feel+ 8 end approa*1 he prep>$ himself = x by religi\s m$itation1 by acts ( *>ity1 & by a mo/ consci5ti\s di/ribution by w ( all 8 worldly possessions to 8 relatives & fri5ds4 ,at l5g?1 aft] protract$ suff]+1 ?is great & mo/ extraord9>y man di$ at ,cl\x1 ne> ,amboise1 ,may #b1 #aeai1 be+ !n 9 8 sixty-sev5? ye>4 ,x is to be regrett$ t we _c :olly cr$it ! beautiful /ory ( 8 dy+ 9 ! arms ( ,francis ,i41 :o1 z x is said1 _h come to visit him on 8 dea?-b$4 ,x w\ld inde$ h be51 z ,fuseli express$ x1 an honor to ! k+1 by :i* de/9y w\ld h aton$ to t mon>* = 8 future disa/] at ,pavia4 ,,mi*ael ,,angelo ,by ,,anna ,,jameson 7#adgd-aefd7 ,illu/ration3 ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,we h spok5 ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci4 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ! o!r great lum9>y ( art1 0 tw5ty-two ye>s y\ng]1 b ! m sev]e & reflective ca/ ( 8 m9d r5d]$ _! diff]5ce ( age f> less 9 effect ?an 9 reality4 ,x is usual to comp>e ,mi*ael ,angelo ) ,raphael1 b he is m aptly comp>$ ) ,leon>do da ,v9ci4 ,all ! great arti/s ( t "t1 ev5 ,raphael himself1 7 influ5c$ m or less by ^! two extraord9>y m51 b !y ex]cis$ no influ5ce on ea* o!r4 ,!y />t$ f opposite po9ts2 !y pursu$ ?r\gh\t _! :ole exi/5ce1 & 9 all !y plann$ & a*iev$1 a c\rse z diff]5t z _! respective *>act]s4 ,mi*ael ,angelo ,buon>roti 0 born at ,setignano1 ne> ,flor5ce1 9 ! ye> #adgd4 ,he 0 desc5d$ f a family once noble--ev5 among ! noble/ ( ! feudal lords ( ,nor!rn ,italy--! ,c\nts ( ,canossa2 b t bran* ( x repres5t$ by 8 fa!r1 ,luigi ,leon>do ,buon>roti ,simoni1 _h = "s g5]ations become poor] & poor]1 until ! la/ desc5dant 0 ?ankful to accept an (fice 9 ! law1 & _h be5 nom9at$ magi/rate or mayor 7,pode/a7 ( ,*iusi4 ,9 ?is situation he _h limit$ 8 ambition to ! prospect ( see+ 8 elde/ son a not>y or advocate 9 8 native city4 ,! "y ,mi*ael ,angelo %[$ ! utmo/ di/a/e = ! /udies allott$ to him1 & 0 cont9ually escap+ f 8 home & f 8 desk to haunt ! ateli]s ( ! pa9t]s1 p>ticul>ly t ( ,ghirl&ajo :o 0 !n at ! height ( 8 reputation4 ,! fa!r ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 :o f\nd 8 family increase too rapidly = 8 means1 _h de/9$ "s ( 8 sons = comm]ce 7x w be recollect$ t 9 ,g5oa & ,flor5ce ! mo/ p[]ful nobles 7 m]*ants or manufactur]s71 & o!rs = civil or diplomatic employm5ts2 b ! f9e arts1 z be+ at t "t productive ( little honor or emolum5t1 he held 9 no e/eem1 & treat$ ^! ta/es ( 8 elde/ son sometimes ) contempt & sometimes ev5 ) h>%ness4 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 h[ev]1 _h =m$ "s fri5d%ips among ! "y pa9t]s1 & p>ticul>ly ) ,francesco ,granacci1 "o ( ! be/ pupils ( ,ghirl&ajo2 he contriv$ to borr[ models & draw+s1 & /udi$ !m 9 secret ) su* p]sev]+ assiduity & consequ5t improvem5t1 t ,ghirl&ajo1 captivat$ by 8 g5ius1 und]took to plead 8 cause to 8 fa!r1 & at l5g? prevail$ ov] ! old man's family pride & prejudices4 ,at ! age ( f\rte5 ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 receiv$ into ! /udio ( ,ghirl&ajo z a regul> pupil1 & b\nd to him = ?ree ye>s2 & su* 0 ! precoci\s tal5t ( ! boy1 t1 in/ead ( be+ paid = 8 in/ruction1 ,ghirl&ajo und]took to pay ! fa!r1 ,leon>do ,buon>roti1 = ! fir/1 second1 & ?ird ye>s1 six1 eight1 & twelve gold5 flor9s1 z paym5t = ! advantage he expect$ to d]ive f ! labor ( ! son4 ,?us 0 ! vocation ( ! "y arti/ decid$ = life4 ,at t "t ,lor5zo ! ,magnific5t reign$ ov] ,flor5ce4 ,he _h =m$ 9 8 palace & g>d5s a collection ( antique m>bles1 bu/s1 /atues1 fragm5ts1 :i* he _h conv]t$ into an academy = ! use ( "y arti/s1 plac+ at ! head ( x z director a sculptor ( "s em95ce1 nam$ ,b]toldo4 ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 "o ( ! fir/ :o1 ?r\gh ! recomm5dation ( ,ghirl&ajo1 0 receiv$ into ?is new academy1 aft]w>d s fam\s & s memorable 9 ! hi/ory ( art4 ,! "y man1 !n n q sixte51 _h hi!rto occupi$ himself *iefly 9 draw+2 b n[1 fir$ by ! beauties he beheld ar\nd him1 & by ! example & success ( a fell[-pupil1 ,torregiano1 he set himself to model 9 clay1 & at l5g? to copy 9 m>ble :at 0 be=e him2 b1 z 0 natural 9 a "* & g5ius s /eep$ 9 individuality1 8 copies became n s mu* imitations ( =m z orig9al embody+s ( ! lead+ idea4 ,= example3 8 fir/ attempt 9 m>ble1 :5 he 0 ab\t fifte51 0 a copy ( an antique mask ( an old laugh+ ,faun2 he treat$ ?is 9 a mann] s diff]5t f ! orig9al1 & s spirit$ z to excite ! a/oni%m5t ( ,lor5zo de ,m$ici1 :o criticis$ x1 h[ev]1 say+1 ,?\ %\ld/ h rememb]$ t old folks d n reta9 all _! tee?2 "s ( !m are always want+4 ,! boy /ruck ! tee? out1 giv+ x at once ! mo/ grotesque expression2 & ,lor5zo1 inf9itely amus$1 s5t = 8 fa!r & (f]$ to atta* 8 son to 8 own p>ticul> s]vice1 & to und]take ! entire c>e ( 8 education4 ,! fa!r cons5t$1 on condition ( receiv+ = himself an (fice "u ! gov]nm5t1 & !nce=? ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 lodg$ 9 ! palace ( ! ,m$ici & treat$ by ,lor5zo z 8 son4 ,mi*ael ,angelo cont9u$ 8 /udies "u ! auspices ( ,lor5zo2 b j z he _h rea*$ 8 eighte5? ye> he lo/ 8 g5]\s patron1 8 second fa!r1 & 0 !nce=? ?r[n on 8 own res\rces4 ,x is true t ! son ( ,lor5zo1 ,pi]o de ,m$ici1 cont9u$ to ext5d 8 favor to ! "y arti/1 b ) s little compreh5sion ( 8 g5ius & "*1 t on "o occasion1 dur+ ! sev]e w9t] ( #adid1 he set him to =m a /atue ( sn[ = ! amusem5t ( 8 gue/s4 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 :ile he yield$1 p]=ce1 to ! caprices ( 8 protector1 turn$ ! en]gies ( 8 m9d to a new /udy--t ( anatomy--& pursu$ x ) all t f]vor :i* belong$ to 8 "*4 ,8 att5tion 0 at ! same "t direct$ to lit]ature1 by ! c\nsels & conv]sations ( a v celebrat$ s*ol> & poet !n resid+ 9 ! c\rt ( ,pi]o--,angelo ,poliziano2 & he pursu$ at ! same "t ! cultivation ( 8 m9d & ! practice ( 8 art4 ,engross$ by 8 own /udies1 he 0 sc>cely aw>e ( :at 0 pass+ ar\nd him1 nor ( ! popul> intrigues :i* 7 prep>+ ! ru9 ( ! ,m$ici2 sudd5ly ?is p[]ful family 7 flung f sov]eignty to tempor>y disgrace & exile2 & ,mi*ael ,angelo1 z "o ( _! reta9]s1 0 oblig$ to fly f ,flor5ce1 & took refuge 9 ! city ( ,bologna4 ,dur+ ! ye> he sp5t !re he f\nd a fri5d1 :o employ$ him on "s works ( sculpture2 & on 8 return to ,flor5ce he execut$ a ,cupid 9 m>ble1 ( su* beauty t x f\nd its way into ! cab9et ( ! ,du*ess ( ,mantua z a real antique4 ,on ! discov]y t ! au?or ( ?is beautiful /atue 0 a "y man ( two-&-tw5ty1 ! ,c>d9al ,san ,giorgio invit$ him to ,rome1 & = "s "t lodg$ him 9 8 palace4 ,"h ,mi*ael ,angelo1 surr\nd$ & inspir$ by ! gr& rema9s ( antiquity1 pursu$ 8 /udies ) unceas+ en]gy2 he produc$ a /atue ( ,bac*us1 :i* add$ to 8 reputation2 & 9 #aejj1 at ! age ( five-&-tw5ty1 he produc$ ! fam\s gr\p ( ! dead ,*ri/ on ! knees ( 8 ,virg9 ,"m 7call$ ! ,piet71 :i* is n[ 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,pet]'s1 at ,rome2 ?is la/ be+ frequ5tly copi$ & imitat$1 obta9$ him s mu* applause & reputation1 t he 0 recall$ to ,flor5ce1 to und]take sev]al public works1 & we f9d him once m e/abli%$ 9 8 native city 9 ! ye> #aejb4 ,9 #aejf ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 summon$ to ,rome by ,pope ,julius ,,ii41 :o1 :ile liv+1 _h conceiv$ ! idea ( erect+ a mo/ spl5did monum5t to p]petuate 8 memory4 ,= ?is "w1 :i* 0 nev] complet$1 ,mi*ael ,angelo execut$ ! fam\s /atue ( ,moses1 seat$1 grasp+ 8 fl[+ be>d ) "o h&1 & ) ! o!r su/a9+ ! tables ( ! ,law4 ,:ile employ$ on ?is tomb1 ! pope comm&$ him to und]take also ! decoration ( ! ceil+ ( ! ,si/9e ,*apel4 ,pope ,sixtus ,,iv4 _h1 9 ! ye> #adgc1 erect$ ?is fam\s *apel1 & summon$ ! be/ pa9t]s ( t "t1 ,signorelli1 ,cosimo ,roselli1 ,p]ug9o1 & ,ghirl&ajo1 to decorate ! int]ior2 b d[n to ! ye> #aejh ! ceil+ rema9$ )\t any ornam5t2 & ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 call$ ^u to cov] ?is enorm\s vault1 a space ( "o hundr$ & fifty feet 9 l5g? by fifty 9 bread?1 ) a s]ies ( subjects repres5t+ ! mo/ important ev5ts connect$1 ei!r lit]ally or typically1 ) ! fall & r$emption ( mank9d4 ,no "p ( ,mi*ael ,angelo's long life is s int]e/+1 s full ( *>act]i/ic incid5t1 z ! hi/ory ( 8 int]c\rse ) ,pope ,julius ,,ii41 :i* began 9 #aeje1 & end$ only ) ! dea? ( ! pope 9 #aeac4 ,mi*ael ,angelo _h at all times a l(ty idea ( 8 own dignity z an arti/1 & nev] w\ld /oop ei!r to flatt] a patron or to conciliate a rival4 ,julius ,,ii41 ?\gh n[ sev5ty-f\r1 0 z impati5t ( contradiction z fi]y 9 temp]1 z full ( magnific5t & ambiti\s projects z if he _h be5 9 ! prime ( life2 9 8 s]vice 0 ! fam\s ar*itect1 ,bramante1 :o beheld ) jeal\sy & al>m ! increas+ fame ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 & 8 influ5ce ) ! pontiff1 & set himself by indirect means to less5 bo?4 ,he ins9uat$ to ,julius t x 0 om9\s to erect 8 own mausoleum dur+ 8 lifetime1 & ! pope gradually fell (f 9 8 att5tions to ,mi*ael ,angelo1 & neglect$ to supply him ) ! necess>y funds = c>ry+ on ! "w4 ,on "o occasion1 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 f9d+ x difficult to obta9 access to ! pope1 s5t a message to him to ?is effect1 t h5ce=?1 if 8 ,hol9ess desir$ to see him1 he %\ld s5d to seek him else:]e2 & ! same night1 leav+ ord]s ) 8 s]vants to dispose ( 8 prop]ty1 he dep>t$ = ,flor5ce4 ,! pope despat*$ five c\ri]s aft] him ) ?reats1 p]suasions1 promises--b 9 va94 ,he wrote to ! ,gonfaloni]e ,sod]9i1 !n at ! head ( ! gov]nm5t ( ,flor5ce1 comm&+ him1 on pa9 ( 8 extreme displeasure1 to s5d ,mi*ael ,angelo back to him2 b ! inflexible arti/ absolutely refus$2 ?ree mon?s 7 sp5t 9 va9 negotiations4 ,sod]9i1 at l5g?1 fe>+ ! pope's ang]1 prevail$ on ,mi*ael ,angelo to return1 & s5t ) him 8 relation1 ,c>d9al ,sod]9i1 to make up ! qu>rel betwe5 ! high cont5d+ p[]s4 ,on 8 return to ,rome1 ,mi*ael ,angelo wi%$ to h resum$ 8 "w on ! mausoleum2 b ! pope _h resolv$ on ! completion ( ! ,si/9e ,*apel2 he comm&$ ,mi*ael ,angelo to und]take ! decoration ( ! vault$ ceil+2 & ! arti/ 0 oblig$1 ?\gh reluctantly1 to obey4 ,at ?is "t ! frescos :i* ,raphael & 8 pupils 7 pa9t+ 9 ! *amb]s ( ! ,vatican _h excit$ ! admiration ( all ,rome4 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 :o _h nev] ex]cis$ himself 9 ! me*anical "p ( ! art ( fresco1 invit$ f ,flor5ce sev]al pa9t]s ( em95ce1 to execute 8 designs "u 8 own sup]9t5d5ce2 b !y c\ld n rea* ! gr&eur ( 8 conceptions1 :i* became enfeebl$ "u _! h&s1 & "o morn+1 9 a mood ( impati5ce1 he de/roy$ all t !y _h done1 clos$ ! doors ( ! *apel aga9/ !m1 & w\ld n !nce=? admit !m to 8 pres5ce4 ,he !n %ut himself up1 & proce$$ ) incr$ible p]sev]ance & en]gy to accompli% 8 task alone2 he ev5 prep>$ 8 colors ) 8 own h&s4 ,he began ) ! end t[>d ! door1 & 9 ! two comp>tm5ts fir/ pa9t$ 7?\gh n fir/ 9 ! s]ies71 ! ,deluge1 & ! ,v9ey>d ( ,noah2 he made ! figures too num]\s & too small to produce _! full effect f bel[1 a fault :i* he correct$ 9 ^? execut$ subsequ5tly4 ,:5 almo/ half ! "w 0 complet$1 ! pope insi/$ on view+ :at 0 done1 & ! a/oni%m5t & admiration x excit$ r5d]$ him m & m eag] to h ! :ole complet$ at once4 ,! progress1 h[ev]1 0 n rapid en\gh to suit ! impati5t temp] ( ! pontiff4 ,on "o occasion he dem&$ ( ! arti/ :5 he meant to f9i% x2 to :i* ,mi*ael ,angelo repli$ calmly1 ,:5 ,i c4 ,:5 ?\ can/6 exclaim$ ! fi]y old pope1 ?\ ha/ a m9d t ,i %\ld h !e ?r[n f ! scaffold6 ,at l5g?1 on ! day ( ,all ,sa9ts1 #aeab1 ! ceil+ 0 uncov]$ to public view4 ,mi*ael ,angelo _h employ$ on ! pa9t+ only1 )\t reckon+ ! "t sp5t 9 prep>+ ! c>toons1 tw5ty-two mon?s1 & he receiv$ 9 paym5t ?ree ?\s& cr[ns4 ,! collection ( engrav+s aft] ,mi*ael ,angelo 9 ! ,briti% ,museum is v imp]fect1 b x conta9s "s f9e old pr9ts f ! ,prophets :i* %\ld be /udi$ by ^? :o wi% to und]/& ! true m]it ( ?is great ma/]1 ( :om ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds said t1 to kiss ! hem ( 8 g>m5t1 to cat* ! slighte/ ( 8 p]fections1 w\ld be glory & di/9ction en\gh = an ambiti\s man6 ,:5 ! ,si/9e ,*apel 0 complet$ ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 9 8 ?irty-n9? ye>2 fifty ye>s ( a glori\s ?\gh tr\bl$ c>e] 7 /ill be=e him4 ,pope ,julius ,,ii4 di$ 9 #aeac1 & 0 succe$$ by ,leo ,x41 ! son ( ,lor5zo ! ,magnific5t4 ,z a ,flor5t9e & 8 fa!r's son1 we might naturally h expect$ t he w\ld h glori$ 9 patroniz+ & employ+ ,mi*ael ,angelo2 b su* 0 n ! case4 ,!re 0 some?+ 9 ! /]n1 unb5d+ "*1 & retir$ & ab/emi\s habits ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 repulsive to ! temp] ( ,leo1 :o pref]r$ ! graceful & amiable ,raphael1 !n 9 ! prime ( 8 life & g5ius2 h5ce arose ! memorable rivalry betwe5 ,mi*ael ,angelo & ,raphael1 :i* on ! "p ( ! latt] 0 m]ely g5]\s emulation1 :ile x mu/ be confess$ t some?+ l scorn m+l$ ) ! feel+s ( ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,! pontificate ( ,leo ,x41 an int]val ( t5 ye>s1 0 ! lea/ productive p]iod ( 8 life4 ,9 ! ye> #aeai1 :5 ! ,signoria ( ,flor5ce 0 negotiat+ ) ,rav5na = ! re/oration ( ! rema9s ( ,dante1 he petition$ ! pope t he might be all[$ to execute1 at 8 own labor & exp5se1 a monum5t to ! ,div9e ,poet4 ,he 0 s5t to ,flor5ce to sup]9t5d ! build+ ( ! *ur* ( ,san ,lor5zo & ! completion ( ,santa ,croce2 b he diff]$ ) ! pope on ! *oice ( ! m>ble1 qu>rell$ ) ! (ficials1 & sc>cely any?+ 0 accompli%$4 ,clem5t ,,vii41 ano!r ,m$ici1 0 elect$ pope 9 #aebc4 ,he _h conceiv$ ! idea ( consecrat+ a *apel 9 ! *ur* ( ,san ,lor5zo1 to receive ! tombs ( 8 ance/ors & relations1 & :i* %\ld be adorn$ ) all ! spl5dor ( art4 ,mi*ael ,angelo plann$ & built ! *apel1 & = its int]ior decoration design$ & execut$ six ( 8 greate/ works 9 sculpture4 ,:ile ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 engag$ 9 ^! works 8 progress 0 int]rupt$ by ev5ts :i* ?rew all ,italy into commotion4 ,rome 0 tak5 & sack$ by ! ,con/able de ,b\rbon 9 #aebg4 ,! ,m$ici 7 once m expell$ f ,flor5ce2 & ,mi*ael ,angelo1 9 ! mid/ ( ^! /range vicissitudes1 0 employ$ by ! republic to =tify 8 native city aga9/ 8 =m] patrons4 ,great z an eng9e]1 z 9 e o!r dep>tm5t ( art & sci5ce1 he def5d$ ,flor5ce = n9e mon?s4 ,at l5g? ! city 0 giv5 up by trea*]y1 &1 fe>+ ! v5geance ( ! conqu]ors1 ,mi*ael ,angelo fl$ & conceal$ himself2 b ,clem5t ,,vii4 0 too s5sible ( 8 m]it to all[ him to rema9 long 9 disgrace & exile4 ,he 0 p>don$1 & cont9u$ ev] aft]w>d 9 high favor ) ! pope1 :o employ$ him on ! sculptures 9 ! *apel ( ,san ,lor5zo dur+ ! rema9d] ( 8 pontificate4 ,9 ! ye> #aeca he _h complet$ ! /atues ( ,night & ,morn+1 & ,clem5t1 :o he>d ( 8 incessant labors1 s5t him a brief comm&+ him1 on pa9 ( excommunication1 to take c>e ( 8 heal?1 & n to accept ( any o!r "w b t :i* 8 ,hol9ess _h assign$ him4 ,clem5t ,,vii4 0 succe$$ by ,pope ,paul ,,iii41 ( ! ,f>nese family1 9 #aecd4 ,?is pope1 ?\gh ne>ly sev5ty :5 he 0 elect$1 0 z anxi\s to immortalize 8 "n by great und]tak+s z any ( 8 pr$ecessors _h be54 ,8 fir/ wi% 0 to complete ! decoration ( ! int]ior ( ! ,si/9e ,*apel1 left unf9i%$ by ,julius ,,ii4 & ,leo ,x4 ,he summon$ ,mi*ael ,angelo1 :o endeavor$ to excuse himself1 plead+ o!r engagem5ts2 b ! pope w\ld li/5 to no excuses :i* int]f]$ ) 8 sov]eign p[] to dissolve all o!r obligations2 & ?us ! arti/ f\nd himself1 aft] an int]val ( tw5ty ye>s1 mo/ reluctantly =c$ to ab&on sculpture = pa9t+2 &1 z ,vas>i expresses x1 he cons5t$ to s]ve ,pope ,paul only because he c\ld n d o!rwise4 ,! same ,pope ,paul ,,iii4 _h 9 ! meantime con/ruct$ a beautiful *apel1 :i* 0 call$ aft] 8 "n ! *apel ,paol9a1 & d$icat$ to ,/4 ,pet] & ,/ ,paul4 ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 call$ ^u to design ! decorations4 ,he pa9t$ on "o side ! ,conv]sion ( ,/4 ,paul1 & on ! o!r ! ,crucifixion ( ,/4 ,pet]1 :i* 7 complet$ 9 #aedi4 ,b ^! f9e pa9t+s--( :i* exi/+ old engrav+s give a bett] idea ?an ! black5$ & fad$ rema9s ( ! orig9al frescos--7 f ! fir/ ill-dispos$ z to ! locality1 & badly light$1 & at pres5t !y excite little int]e/ comp>$ ) ! m fam\s works 9 ! ,si/9e4 ,) ! frescos 9 ! ,paul9e ,*apel ends ,mi*ael ,angelo's c>e] z a pa9t]4 ,he _h be5 appo9t$ *ief ar*itect ( ,/4 ,pet]'s1 9 #aedg1 by ,paul ,,iii4 ,he 0 !n 9 8 sev5ty-second ye>1 & dur+ ! rema9d] ( 8 life1 a p]iod ( sixte5 ye>s1 we f9d him :olly devot$ to ar*itecture4 ,8 va/ & d>+ g5ius f9d+ ample scope 9 ! completion ( ,/4 ,pet]'s1 he has left beh9d him 9 8 capacity ( ar*itect yet great] m>vels ?an he has a*iev$ z pa9t] & sculptor4 ,:o t has se5 ! cupola ( ,/4 ,pet]'s so>+ into ! skies1 b w ?9k almo/ ) awe ( ! univ]sal & maje/ic intellect ( ! man :o re>$ x8 ,x appe>s1 f ! evid5ce ( contempor>y writ]s1 t 9 ! la/ ye>s ( 8 life ! ackn[l$g$ wor? & g5ius ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 8 widespread fame1 & 8 unblemi%$ integrity1 comb9$ ) 8 v5]able age & ! haught9ess & res]ve ( 8 deportm5t to inve/ him ) a sort ( pr9cely dignity4 ,x is record$ t1 :5 he wait$ on ,pope ,julius ,,iii41 to receive 8 comm&s1 ! pontiff rose on 8 approa*1 seat$ him1 9 spite ( 8 excuses1 on 8 "r h&1 & :ile a cr[d ( c>d9als1 prelates1 & ambassadors1 7 /&+ r\nd at humble di/ance1 c>ri$ on ! conf]5ce z equal ) equal4 ,:5 ! ,gr& ,duke ,cosmo 0 9 ,rome1 9 #aefj1 he visit$ ,mi*ael ,angelo1 uncov]$ 9 8 pres5ce1 & /ood ) 8 hat 9 8 h& :ile speak+ to him2 b f ! "t :5 he made himself ! tyrant ( ,flor5ce he nev] c\ld p]suade ,mi*ael ,angelo to visit1 ev5 = a day1 8 native city4 ,! arrogance imput$ to ,mi*ael ,angelo seems r to h aris5 f a contempt = o!rs ?an f any ov]we5+ op9ion ( himself4 ,he 0 too pr\d to be va94 ,he _h plac$ 8 /&>d ( p]fection s high1 t to ! late/ h\r ( 8 life he consid]$ himself z /riv+ aft] t ideal excell5ce :i* _h be5 reveal$ to him1 b to :i* he conceiv$ t o!rs 7 bl9d or indiff]5t4 ,9 allusion to 8 own imp]fections1 he made a draw+1 s9ce become fam\s1 :i* repres5ts an ag$ man 9 a g-c>t1 & und]nea? ! words ,ancora imp>a 7/ill le>n+74 ,he cont9u$ to labor unremitt+ly1 & ) ! same resolute en]gy ( m9d & purpose1 till ! gradual decay ( 8 /r5g? w>n$ him ( 8 approa*+ end4 ,he did n suff] f any p>ticul> malady1 & 8 m9d 0 /rong & cle> to ! la/4 ,he di$ at ,rome1 on ,febru>y #ah1 #aefd1 9 ! n9etie? ye> ( 8 age4 ,a few days be=e 8 dea? he dictat$ 8 w 9 ^! few simple words3 ,i bequea? my s\l to ,god1 my body to ! e>?1 & my possessions to my ne>e/ relations4 ,8 nephew1 ,leon>do ,buon>roti1 :o 0 8 pr9cipal heir1 by ! ord]s ( ! ,gr& ,duke ,cosmo _h 8 rema9s secretly convey$ out ( ,rome & br\ght to ,flor5ce2 !y 7 ) due honors deposit$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,santa ,croce1 "u a co/ly monum5t1 on :i* we may see 8 noble bu/ surr\nd$ by ?ree v commonplace & ill-execut$ /atues1 repres5t+ ! arts 9 :i* he excell$--,pa9t+1 ,sculpture1 & ,ar*itecture4 ,!y might h add$ ,poetry1 = ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 s f9e a poet t 8 productions w\ld h giv5 him fame1 ?\gh he _h nev] peopl$ ! ,si/9e ) 8 giant creations1 nor susp5d$ ! ,pan!on 9 ! air4 ,! object to :om 8 poems are *iefly address$1 ,vittoria ,colonna1 ,m>*ioness ( ,pesc>a1 0 ! wid[ ( ! celebrat$ comm&] :o ov]came ,francis ,i4 at ! battle ( ,pavia2 h]self a poetess1 & "o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ wom5 ( h] "t = beauty1 tal5ts1 virtue1 & piety4 ,%e di$ 9 #aedg4 ,illu/ration3 ,mi*ael ,angelo & ,vittoria ,colonna4 ,,raphael ,by ,mrs4 ,,lee 7#adhc-aebj7 ,illu/ration3 ,raphael4 ,! solemn & sil5t season ( ,l5t _h pass$ away2 &1 on ! second ev5+ ( ! joyful ,ea/]1 a h\se 0 se5 brightly illum9at$ 9 "o ( ! /reets ( ,urb9o4 ,x 0 evid5t t a fe/ival 0 held !re on "s happy occasion4 ,! s\nd ( music 0 he>d1 & gue/ aft] gue/ ent]$ ! mansion4 ,no "o1 h[ev]1 0 m cordially welcom$ ?an ,pietro ,p]ug9o1 ! fell[-/ud5t ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 at ! s*ool ( ! good old ,&rea ,v]oc*io4 ,= a mom5t1 g5]al gayety 0 susp5d$ 9 honor ( ! gue/4 ,he 0 consid]$ at t "t "o ( ! greate/ pa9t]s ( ! age2 & ! ho/1 ,giovanni di ,sanzio1 ?\gh himself only rank+ 9 ! second or ?ird ord] ( limn]s1 knew well h[ to prize ! r>e tal5ts ( 8 visitor4 ,! wife ( ,giovanni came =w>d1 lead+ h] son ,raphael4 ,p]ug9o _h ! eye ( an arti/3 he gaz$ ^u ! "m & son ) en?usia/ic feel+2 ! /rik+ resemblance !y bore to ea* o!r1 s exquisitely modulat$ by ye>s & sex1 0 inde$ a /udy = ?is m9ute copyi/ ( nature4 ,b5v5uto1 ,mess] ,p]ug9o1 said ! ho/ess1 ) h] s(t musical voice & graceful ,italian acc5t1 & %e plac$ ! h& ( h] boy 9 t ( ! arti/4 ,g5tly he laid ! o!r on ! head ( ! y\?ful ,raphael1 & 9 a solemn & t5d] mann] pron\nc$ a b5$iction4 ,y\r bless+ is well tim$1 my honor$ fri5d1 said ,giovanni1 our fe/ival is giv5 to celebrate ! bir?day ( our son4 ,is ?is 8 bir?day8 inquir$ ,p]ug9o4 ,n s1 repli$ ! fa!r1 he 0 born on ,april #g?1 ! ev5+ ( ,good ,friday1 & x well befits u to be gay on ! joyful ,ea/] t succe$s x4 ,my fri5d1 said ,p]ug9o1 if ?\ wilt entru/ ?y boy to my c>e1 ,i w take him z my pupil4 ,! fa!r acc$$ ) delight to ?is proposal4 ,:5 ! "m became acqua9t$ ) ! arrangem5t1 & f\nd t h] son 0 to quit 8 pat]nal dwell+ at ! e>ly age ( twelve1 & reside :olly ) ,p]ug9o1 %e c\ld n re/ra9 h] te>s4 ,) h]s ! "y ,raphael's m+l$1 ?\gh ev] & anon a bright smile d>t$ l a sunbeam across 8 face4 ,he rema9$ ) ,p]ug9o sev]al ye>s4 ,raphael 0 made = affection1 & fondly did 8 he>t cl+ to 8 in/ructor4 ,= a "t he 0 cont5t to foll[ 8 mann]2 b at l5g? he began to dwell ^u 8 own beau ideal2 he grew impati5t ( imitation1 & felt t 8 /yle 0 defici5t 9 fre%ness & orig9ality4 ,he long$ to pass ! n>r[ b\nds to :i* 8 inv5tion _h be5 conf9$4 ,) ! approbation ( ,p]ug9o & ! cons5t ( 8 p>5ts1 he repair$ to ,si5a2 "h he 0 solicit$ to adorn ! public libr>y ) fresco1 & pa9t$ !re ) great success4 ,b :ile he 0 busily engag$1 8 fri5d1 ,p9turri*io1 "o day ent]$4 ,aft] look+ at 8 fri5d's "w v att5tively1 ,bravo6 he exclaim$1 ?\ ha/ done well1 my ,raphael--b ,i h j return$ f ,flor5ce--oh1 w\ld t ?\ c\ld/ behold ! works ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci6 ,su* horses6 !y paw ! gr\nd & %ake ! foam f _! manes4 ,oh1 my poor ,raphael6 ?\ ha/ nev] se5 nature2 ?\ art wa/+ "t on ^! c>toons4 ,p]ug9o is a good man & a good pa9t]1 ,i w n d5y t--b ,leon>do's horses6 ,raphael ?rew aside 8 p5cil & ha/ily rose4 ,:]e n[8 ask$ 8 fri5d2 :i!r art ?\ go+ s ha/ily8 ,to ,flor5ce1 exclaim$ ,raphael4 ,& :at c>ries y s sudd5ly8 ,! horses ( ,leon>do1 repli$ ! "y arti/1 sportively2 s]i\sly1 h[ev]1 ! desire ( excell5ce implant$ 9 my s\l4 ,:5 he arriv$ at ,flor5ce he 0 *>m$ ) ! appe>ance ( ! city2 b 8 :ole m9d 0 absorb$ 9 ! works ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci & ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ! rival arti/s ( ! age4 ,z 8 /ay 0 to be %ort1 he did n ent] ^u labori\s occupation4 ,8 morn+s 7 pass$ 9 ! rev]ies ( 8 art2 8 ev5+s 9 ! gay & fasc9at+ society ( ,flor5ce1 :]e ! fame ( ,p]ug9o's belov$ pupil _h already rea*$4 ,! frescos at ,si5a 7 spok5 (2 & ! beautiful c\nt5ance & graceful deportm5t ( ,raphael won him ! fri5d%ip ( di/+ui%$ m54 ,taddeo ,taddei1 ! le>n$ fri5d ( ,c>d9al ,bembo1 solicit$ him to reside 9 8 h\se2 he cons5t$1 & 9 return = ! c\rtesy pa9t$ = him two pictures1 9 :at is call$ 8 fir/ /yle1 t ( ,p]ug9o4 ,"o ev5+ he retir$ to 8 c\* at a late h\r4 ,he _h be5 ! h]o ( a fte1 & love & beauty _h he$lessly scatt]$ _! fl[]s 9 ! pa? ( ! liv+ ,adonis4 ,9 va9 he s\ght a few h\rs ( slumb]4 ,he _h quaff$ ! juice ( ! grape1 empty+ goblet aft] goblet1 till 8 beat+ pulse & ?robb+ temples refus$ to be quiet$4 ,he />t$ f 8 c\* & approa*$ ! lattice2 ! heav5s _h *ang$ _! aspect1 ! /ill s]5ity ( ! ev5+ _h pass$ away1 & ! cl\ds 7 hurry+ ov] ! pale & wat]y moon4 ,no?+ 0 he>d b ! l[ sigh+ ( ! w9d1 & n[ & !n a sudd5 gu/ swept ?r\gh ! lattice1 & ?reat5$ to ext+ui% ! tap] :i* 0 burn+ dimly on ! table4 ,a slight noise made him turn 8 eyes1 & he p]ceiv$ a note t ! w9d _h displac$4 ,he ha/ily took x up4 ,x 0 ,p]ug9o's h&writ+4 ,he cut ! silk5 cord t fa/5$ x1 & read3 ,on me1 my belov$ ,raffaello1 devolves ! task ( in=m+ y ( ! ev5ts :i* h tak5 place at ,urb9o4 ,may ?is lett] f9d y prep>$ = all ! *anges ( life2 a wise man w nev] suff] himself to be tak5 by surprise2 ?is is true philosophy1 & ! only philosophy t c s]ve u6 ,an epidemic has prevail$ at ,urb9o1 & has ent]$ y\r pat]nal dwell+4 ,ne$ ,i say m8 ,come to me1 my son1 at ,p]ugia1 = ,i am ! only p>5t t rema9s to y4 ,pietro ,p]ug9o4 ,z he ha/ily arose1 a crucifix :i* 8 "m _h susp5d$ to 8 neck at p>t+1 fell f 8 bosom4 ,ev5 ! symbols ( religion are sacr$ :]e ! liv+ pr9ciple has be5 e>ly implant$ 9 ! he>t4 ,he press$ x to 8 lips3 ,ah6 ?\ght he1 :at is ! philosophy ( ,p]ug9o1 comp>$ to ! fai? ( :i* ?is is ! emblem8 ,8 ?\ghts w5t back to infancy & *ildhood1 & 8 grief & remorse grew less int5se4 ,he dwelt on ! deep & endur+ love ( 8 p>5ts till he felt assur$ dea? c\ld n ext+ui% x1 & t he %\ld see !m aga9 9 a bright] sph]e4 ,:5 morn+ came x f\nd ,raphael calm & compos$2 ! l9es ( grief & ?\ght 7 deeply m>k$ on 8 y\?ful face2 b ! :irlw9d & ! /orm _h pass$4 ,he took leave ( 8 fri5ds1 & ha/5$ to ,p]ug9o1 :o receiv$ him ) ! fondness ( a p>5t4 ,"h he rema9$ "s "t1 & at l5g? collect$ suffici5t resolution to return to ,urb9o1 & once m ent] ! mansion ( 8 desolat$ home4 ,x 0 necess>y = him to reside at 8 native place = a numb] ( mon?s4 ,dur+ t "t he pa9t$ sev]al f9e pictures4 ,8 he>t1 h[ev]1 ye>n$ = ,flor5ce1 & he return$ to x once m ) ! det]m9ation ( mak+ x 8 home4 ,) f> diff]5t s5sations did he a second "t ent] ! city ( beauty4 ,! fre%ness ( 8 gayety 0 blight$2 lessons ( e>?ly disappo9tm5t 7 ev] pres5t to 8 m9d1 & he return$ to x ) ! resolute purpose ( devot+ himself to s]i\s occupation4 ,h[ well he fulfill$ ?is resolution all ,italy c be> witness4 ,f ?is "t he adopt$ :at has be5 call$ 8 second mann]4 ,he pa9t$ = ! ,duke ( ,urb9o ! beautiful picture ( ! ,savi\r at sunrise1 ) ! morn+ light ca/ ov] a face respl5d5t ) div9ity2 ! fl[]s glitt]+ ) dew1 ! two disciples beyond1 /ill buri$ 9 slumb]1 at ! "t :5 ! ,savi\r turns 8 eyes ^u !m ) t t5d] & sorr[ful exclamation1 ,c\ld ye n wat* "o h\r8 ,raphael enri*$ ! city ( ,flor5ce ) 8 works4 ,:5 ask$ :at _h sugge/$ "s ( ! beautiful comb9ations ( 8 pa9t+s1 he said1 ,!y came to me 9 my sleep4 ,at o!r times he call$ !m visions2 & !n aga9 said !y 7 ! result ( una c]ta idea *e mi vi5e alla m5te4 ,x 0 ?is p[] ( draw+ f ! deep wells ( 8 own m9d t gave su* "*1 orig9ality1 & fre%ness to 8 works4 ,he f\nd t p[] )9 :i* s _m seek1 & seek 9 va91 )\t4 ,at ! age ( tw5ty-five ,raphael 0 summon$ by ! pope to pa9t ! *amb]s ( ! ,vatican4 ,! fam\s frescos ( ! ,vatican ne$ nei!r enum]ation nor description2 ! _w is _! judge & _! eulogi/4 ,no arti/ ev] consecrat$ 8 works m by 8 affections ?an ,raphael4 ,! same hall[$ influ5ce ( ! he>t gave inexpressible *>m to ,correggio's1 aft]w>d4 ,"o ( ,raphael's fri5ds said to him1 9 look+ ^u p>ticul> figures 9 8 gr\ps1 ,y h transmitt$ to po/]ity y\r own lik5ess4 ,see y no?+ beyond t8 repli$ ! arti/4 ,i see1 said ! critic1 ! deep-blue eye1 & ! long1 fair hair p>t$ on ! =ehead4 ,obs]ve1 said ,raphael1 ! fem99e s(tness ( expression1 ! beautiful h>mony ( ?\ght & feel+4 ,:5 ,i take my p5cil = high & noble purposes1 ! _s ( my "m hov]s ov] me4 ,x is h] c\nt5ance1 n my own1 ( :i* y trace ! resemblance4 ,?is expression is always obs]vable 9 8 ,madonnas4 ,8 portraits ( ! ,=n>9a are widely diff]5t4 ,raphael1 9 8 la/ & mo/ excell5t /yle1 unit$ :at 0 graceful & exquisite 9 ,leon>do ) ! sublime & noble mann] ( ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,x is ! privilege & glory ( g5ius to appropriate to itself :atev] is noble & true4 ,! region ( ?\ght is ?us made a common gr\nd = all1 & "o ma/] m9d becomes a res]voir = ! pres5t & future times4 ,:5 ,raphael 0 invit$ to ,rome by ,pope ,julius ,,ii41 ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 at ! height ( 8 glory2 8 "* t5d$ to inspire awe r ?an affection2 he delight$ 9 ! maje/ic & ! t]rible4 ,9 boldness ( conception & gr&eur ( design1 he surpass$ ,leon>do1 b nev] c\ld rea* ! sweetness & g5tl5ess ( 8 figures4 ,ev5 8 *ildr5 lose some?+ ( _! infant9e beauty1 & look mature2 8 wom5 are comm&+ & l(ty2 8 m5 ( gigantic proportions4 ,8 pa9t+1 l 8 sculpture1 is rem>kable = anatomical exactness1 & p]fect expression ( ! muscles4 ,= ?is union ( magnific5ce & sublimity1 x 0 necess>y to prep>e ! m9d2 ! fir/ view 0 almo/ h>%1 & x 0 by degrees t 8 mighty works produc$ _! design$ effect4 ,raphael1 :ile he felt all ! greatness ( ! ,flor5t9e1 conceiv$ t !re might be some?+ m l nature--some?+ t %\ld be h>moni\s1 sweet1 & fl[+--t %\ld convey ! idea ( intellectual r ?an ( ext]nal maje/y4 ,)\t yield+ any ( ! correctness ( sci5ce1 he avoid$ h>%ness1 & imitat$ antiquity 9 unit+ grace & elegance ) a /rict obs]vation ( sci5ce & ( ! rules ( art4 ,x 0 ) surprise t ,mi*ael ,angelo beheld 9 ! y\?ful ,raphael a rival arti/2 nor did he receive ?is tru? meekly2 he treat$ him ) coldness & di/ance4 ,9 ! meantime ,raphael w5t on ) 8 works2 he complet$ ! frescos ( ! ,vatican1 & design$ ! c>toons4 ,he also produc$ ^? exquisite pa9t+s 9 oil :i* seem ! p]fection ( human art4 ,illu/ration3 ,leo ,x4 at ,raphael's ,bi]4 ,human affection is necess>y to awak5 ! sympa?y ( human be+s2 & ,raphael1 9 le>n+ h[ to portray x1 _h f\nd ! way to ! he>t4 ,9 m]e gr&eur ( inv5tion he 0 surpass$ by ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,titian excell$ him 9 color+1 & ,correggio 9 ! beautiful gradation ( tone2 b ,raphael knew h[ to pa9t ! s\l2 9 ?is he /ood alone4 ,?is 0 ! great secret ( a p[] :i* seem$ to op]ate l magic4 ,9 8 pa9t+s !re is some?+ :i* makes music on ! *ords ( e he>t2 = !y are ! expression ( a m9d attun$ to nature1 & f9d answ]+ sympa?ies 9 ! univ]sal s\l4 ,:ile ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 exalt$ ) ! ,epic gr&eur ( 8 own ,dante1 ,raphael pres5t$ ! mo/ f9i%$ sc5es ( dramatic life1 & might be comp>$ to ! immortal ,%akespe>e--sc5es ( spiritual beauty1 ( devotion1 & ( pa/oral simplicity1 yet unit+ a classic elegance :i* ! poet does n possess4 ,buon>roti 0 ! wond] ( ,italy1 & ,raphael became its idol4 ,julius 0 s mu* en*ant$ ) 8 pa9t+s 9 ! halls ( ! ,vatican1 t he ord]$ ! frescos ( =m] arti/s to be de/roy$4 ,among !m 7 "s ( ,p]ug9o's1 b ,raphael w\ld n suff] ^! to be remov$ = 8 own2 he view$ !m z ! relics ( a belov$ & honor$ fri5d1 & !y 7 consecrat$ by t5d] & grateful feel+s4 ,raphael collect$ f e "p ( ! _w m$allions ( intaglios & antiques to assi/ him 9 8 designs4 ,he lov$ spl5dor & conviviality1 & gave (f5ce !reby to ! rigid & au/]e4 ,x 0 said t he _h a prospect ( *ang+ ! graceful b]etta = a c>d9al's hat2 b ?is idea might h aris5 f ! delay :i* exi/$ 9 8 m>riage ) ,c>d9al ,bibiano's niece1 ^: h& h] uncle _h (f]$ to him4 ,p]emptorily to reject ?is proposal ( ! c>d9al )\t giv+ (f5ce w\ld h be5 impossible1 & ,raphael 0 too g5tle 9 8 own feel+s volunt>ily to injure ano!r's2 b he 0 n "o to sacrifice 8 affections to ambition4 ,:atev] 7 ! /ruggles ( 8 he>t1 !y 7 e>ly t]m9at$4 ,amid ! c>esses ( ! great1 ! fond & devot$ fri5d%ip ( 8 equals1 ! en?usia/ic love ( 8 pupils1 ! adulation ( 8 inf]iors1 :ile cr[n$ ) weal?1 fame1 & honor1 & reg>d$ z ! equal ( ! hi!rto greate/ arti/ 9 ! _w1 he 0 sudd5ly call$ away4 ,he di$ on ,good ,friday1 ! day ( 8 bir?1 at ! age ( ?irty-sev51 #aebj4 ,we are sometimes impress$ ) v5]ation :5 ^? :o h ev5 drunk ! cup ( life almo/ to its dregs resign x ) resignation & ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,b ,raphael calmly & firmly resign$ x :5 x 0 full to ! brim4 ,leo ,x4 & ,c>d9al ,bibiano 7 by 8 b$side4 ,! sublime picture ( ! ,transfiguration1 ! la/ & greate/ :i* he pa9t$1 0 plac$ opposite to him1 by 8 own desire4 ,h[ impressive mu/ h be5 ! sc5e6 ,8 dy+ eye turn$ f ! crucifix he held 9 8 h& to ! glory ( ! beatifi$ ,savi\r4 ,8 contempor>ies speak ( him z affectionate1 dis9t]e/$1 mode/1 & s9c]e2 enc\rag+ humble m]it1 & freely giv+ 8 advice & assi/ance :]e x 0 ne$$ & des]v$4 ,,titian ,by ,,giorgio ,,vas>i#b ,footnote #b3 ,giorgio ,vas>i1 a contempor>y ( ,titian1 & himself a pa9t] ( no mean rank1 wrote a s]ies ( lives ( ! ,italian arti/s1 f :i* ! foll[+ is extract$4 ,!re are sev]al slight inaccuracies 9 8 "w ,titian 0 born1 n 9 #adhj1 b 9 #adgg1 & di$ 9 #aegf4 ,he 0 9 color+ ! greate/ arti/ :o ev] liv$4 #adgg-aegf ,illu/ration3 ,titian4 ,titian 0 born 9 ! ye> #adhj1 at ,cadore1 a small place di/ant ab\t five miles f ! foot ( ! ,alps2 he belong$ to ! family ( ! ,vecelli1 :i* is among ! mo/ noble ( ^? p>ts4 ,giv+ e>ly pro( ( mu* intellig5ce1 he 0 s5t at ! age ( t5 to an uncle 9 ,v5ice1 an honorable citiz51 :o1 see+ ! boy to be mu* incl9$ to pa9t+1 plac$ him ) ! excell5t pa9t]1 ,gian ,bell9o1 !n v fam\s4 ,"u 8 c>e1 ! y\? soon prov$ himself to be end[$ by nature ) all ! gifts ( judgm5t & g5ius requir$ = ! art ( pa9t+4 ,n[1 ,gian ,bell9o & ! o!r ma/]s ( t c\ntry1 n hav+ ! habit ( /udy+ ! antique1 7 accu/om$ to copy only :at !y saw be=e !m1 & t 9 a dry1 h>d1 labor$ mann]1 :i* ,titian also acquir$2 b ab\t ! ye> #aejg1 ,giorgione da ,ca/el ,franco1 n be+ satisfi$ ) t mode ( proce$+1 began to give to 8 works an unwont$ s(tness & relief1 pa9t+ !m 9 a v beautiful mann]2 yet he by no means neglect$ to draw f ! life1 or to copy nature ) 8 colors z closely z he c\ld2 & 9 do+ ! latt] he %ad$ ) cold] or w>m] t9ts z ! liv+ object might dem&1 b )\t fir/ mak+ a draw+2 s9ce he held t1 to pa9t ) ! colors only1 )\t any draw+ on pap]1 0 ! be/ mode ( proce$+1 & mo/ p]fectly 9 accord ) ! true pr9ciples ( design4 ,hav+ se5 ! mann] ( ,giorgione1 ,titian e>ly resolv$ to ab&on t ( ,gian ,bell9o1 al?\gh well gr\nd$ !re94 ,he n[1 !re=e1 devot$ himself to ?is purpose1 & 9 a %ort "t s closely imitat$ ,giorgione t 8 pictures 7 sometimes tak5 = ^? ( t ma/]1 z w be relat$ bel[4 ,increas+ 9 age1 judgm5t1 & facility ( h&1 our "y arti/ execut$ num]\s works 9 fresco :i* _c "h be nam$ individually1 hav+ be5 disp]s$ 9 v>i\s places2 let x suffice to say1 t !y 7 su* z to cause exp]i5c$ m5 to anticipate ! excell5ce to :i* he aft]w>d atta9$4 ,at ! "t :5 ,titian began to adopt ! mann] ( ,giorgione1 be+ !n n m ?an eighte51 he took ! portrait ( a g5tleman ( ! ,b>b]igo family1 :o 0 8 fri5d1 & ?is 0 consid]$ v beautiful1 ! color+ be+ true & natural1 & ! hair s di/9ctly pa9t$ t ea* "o c\ld be c\nt$ z might also ! /it*es 9 a sat9 d\blet1 pa9t$ 9 ! same "w2 x 0 s well & c>efully done1 t x w\ld h be5 tak5 = a picture by ,giorgione1 if ,titian _h n writt5 8 "n on ! d>k gr\nd4 ,giorgione mean:ile _h execut$ ! faade ( ! ,g]man ,ex*ange1 :51 by ! int]v5tion ( ,b>b]igo1 ,titian 0 appo9t$ to pa9t c]ta9 /ories 9 ! same build+ & ov] ! ,m]c]ia4 ,aft] :i* he execut$ a picture ) figures ! size ( life1 :i* is n[ 9 ! ,hall ( ,mess] ,&rea ,lor$ano1 :o dwells ne> ,san ,m>cuola2 ?is "w repres5ts ,our ,lady 9 h] flight into ,egypt4 ,%e is 9 ! mid/ ( a great wood1 & ! l&scape ( ?is picture is well done2 ,titian hav+ practis$ t bran* ( art1 & keep+ c]ta9 ,g]mans1 :o 7 excell5t ma/]s !re91 = sev]al mon?s toge!r 9 8 own h\se4 ,)9 ! wood he depict$ v>i\s animals1 all pa9t$ f ! life1 & s natural z to seem almo/ alive4 ,9 ! h\se ( ,mess] ,giovanni ,danna1 a ,flemi% g5tleman & m]*ant1 :o 0 8 gossip1 he pa9t$ a portrait :i* appe>s to brea!1 ) an ,ecce ,homo1 compris+ num]\s figures :i*1 by ,titian himself1 z well z o!rs1 is consid]$ to be a v good "w4 ,! same arti/ execut$ a picture ( ,our ,lady1 ) o!r figures ! size ( life1 m5 & *ildr5 be+ all tak5 f nature1 & portraits ( p]sons belong+ to ! ,danna family4 ,9 ! ye> #aejg1 :5 ! ,emp]or ,maximilian 0 mak+ w> on ! ,v5etians1 ,titian1 z he relates himself1 pa9t$ ! ,angel ,raphael1 ) ,tobit & a ,dog1 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,san ,m>ziliano4 ,!re is a di/ant l&scape 9 ?is picture1 :]e9 ,san ,giovanni ,batti/a is se5 at pray] 9 a wood2 he is look+ up to heav51 & 8 face is illum9$ by a light desc5d+ !nce2 "s believe ?is picture to h be5 done be=e t on ! ,ex*ange ( ! ,g]mans1 m5tion$ above1 0 comm5c$4 ,n[1 x *anc$ t c]ta9 g5tlem51 n kn[+ t ,giorgione no long] work$ at ?is faade1 & t ,titian 0 do+ x 7nay1 _h already giv5 t "p ov] ! ,m]c]ia to public view71 met ! =m]1 & began z fri5ds to rejoice ) him1 decl>+ t he 0 acquitt+ himself bett] on ! side ( ! ,m]c]ia ?an he _h done on t ( ! ,gr& ,canal2 :i* rem>k caus$ ,giorgione s mu* vexation1 t he w\ld sc>cely p]mit himself to be se5 until ! :ole "w 0 complet$1 & ,titian _h become g5]ally kn[n z ! pa9t]2 nor did he !nce=w>d hold any int]c\rse ) ! latt] & !y 7 no long] fri5ds4 ,9 ! ye> #aejh1 ,titian publi%$ a wood-engrav+ ( ! ,triumph ( ,fai?2 x compris$ a va/ numb] ( figures3 our fir/ ,p>5ts1 ! ,patri>*s1 ! ,prophets1 ! ,sybils1 ! ,innoc5ts1 ! ,m>tyrs1 ! ,apo/les1 & ,our ,savi\r ,*ri/ borne 9 triumph by ! f\r ,evangeli/s1 & ! f\r ,doctors1 foll[$ by ! holy ,confessors2 "h ,titian display$ mu* boldness1 a f9e mann]1 & improv+ facility4 ,i rememb] t ,fra ,ba/iano del ,piombo1 speak+ on ?is subject1 told me t if ,titian _h !n gone to ,rome1 & se5 ! works ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ) ^? ( ,raphael & ! anci5ts1 he 0 conv9c$1 ! admirable facility ( 8 color+ consid]$1 t he w\ld h produc$ works ( ! mo/ a/oni%+ p]fection2 see+ t1 z he well des]v$ to be call$ ! mo/ p]fect imitator ( ,nature ( our times1 z reg>ds color+1 he might ?us h r5d]$ himself equal to ! ,urb9ese or ,buon>roto1 z reg>d$ ! great f\ndation ( all1 design4 ,at a lat] p]iod ,titian repair$ to ,vic5za1 :]e he pa9t$ ,! ,judgm5t ( ,solomon1 on ! ,loggetta :]e9 ! c\rts ( ju/ice are held2 a v beautiful "w4 ,return+ to ,v5ice1 he !n depict$ ! faade ( ! ,g]ma92 at ,padua he pa9t$ c]ta9 frescos 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,sant' ,antonio1 ! subjects tak5 f ! life ( t sa9t2 & 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,santo ,spirito he execut$ a small picture ( ,san ,m>co seat$ 9 ! mid/ ( o!r sa9ts1 ^: faces are portraits pa9t$ 9 oil ) ! utmo/ c>e2 ?is picture has be5 tak5 = a "w ( ,giorgione4 ,n[1 ! dea? ( ,giovan ,bell9o _h caus$ a /ory 9 ! hall ( ! ,great ,c\ncil to rema9 unf9i%$2 x 0 t :i* repres5ts ,f$]igo ,b>b>ossa kneel+ be=e ,pope ,aless&ro ,,iii41 :o plants 8 foot on ! emp]or's neck4 ,?is 0 n[ f9i%$ by ,titian1 :o alt]$ _m p>ts ( x1 introduc+ portraits ( 8 fri5ds & o!rs4 ,= ?is he receiv$ f ! s5ate an (fice 9 ! ,ex*ange ( ! ,g]mans call$ ! ,s5s]ia1 :i* br\ght him 9 ?ree hundr$ cr[ns ye>ly1 & :i* ^? ,signori usually give to ! mo/ em95t pa9t] ( _! city1 on condition t f "t to "t he %all take ! portrait ( _! doge1 or pr9ce :5 su* %all be creat$1 at ! price ( eight cr[ns1 :i* ! doge himself pays1 ! portrait be+ !n pres]v$ 9 ! ,palace ( ,san ,m>co1 z a memorial ( t doge4 ,aft] ! completion ( ^! works1 our arti/ pa9t$1 = ! ,*ur* ( ,san ,rocco1 a figure ( ,*ri/ be>+ 8 cross2 ! ,savi\r has a rope r\nd 8 neck1 & is dragg$ =w>d by a ,jew2 _m h ?\ght ?is a "w ( ,giorgione4 ,x has become an object ( ! utmo/ devotion 9 ,v5ice1 & has receiv$ m cr[ns z (f]+s ?an h be5 e>n$ by ,titian & ,giorgione bo?1 ?r\gh ! :ole c\rse ( _! lives4 ,n[1 ,titian _h tak5 ! portrait ( ,bembo1 !n secret>y to ,pope ,leo ,x41 & 0 by him invit$ to ,rome1 t he might see ! city1 ) ,raffaello da ,urb9o & o!r di/+ui%$ p]sons2 b ! arti/ hav+ delay$ 8 j\rney until #aebj1 :5 ! pope & ,raffaello 7 bo? dead1 put x (f = t "t altoge!r4 ,= ! ,*ur* ( ,santa ,m>ia ,maggiore he pa9t$ a picture ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/ 9 ! wild]ness2 !re is an angel beside him t appe>s to be liv+2 & a di/ant l&scape1 ) trees on ! bank ( a riv]1 :i* are v graceful4 ,he took portraits ( ! ,pr9ce ,grimani & ,lor$ano1 :i* 7 consid]$ admirable2 & n long aft]w>d he pa9t$ ! portrait ( ,k+ ,francis1 :o 0 !n leav+ ,italy to return to ,france4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,fte at ! ,h\se ( ,titian4 ,9 #aecj1 :5 ! ,emp]or ,*>les ,v4 0 9 ,bologna1 ,titian1 by ! int]v5tion ( ,pietro ,aret9o1 0 invit$ to t city by ! ,c>d9al ,ippolito de' ,m$ici1 & !re he made a magnific5t portrait ( 8 maje/y 9 full armor4 ,?is gave s mu* satisfaction t ! arti/ receiv$ a pres5t ( a ?\s& cr[ns = ! same4 ,out ( ^! he _h subsequ5tly to give ! half to ,alfonso ,lomb>di1 ! sculptor1 :o _h made a model ( t mon>* to be execut$ 9 m>ble4 ,hav+ return$ to ,v5ice1 ,titian !re f\nd t _m g5tlem5 _h begun to favor ,pord5one1 comm5d+ exce$+ly ! works execut$ by t arti/ 9 ! ceil+ ( ! ,hall ( ! ,pregai1 & else:]e4 ,!y _h also procur$ him ! commission = a small picture 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,san ,giovanni ,elemosyn>io1 :i* !y int5d$ him to pa9t 9 competition ) "o repres5t+ t sa9t 9 8 episcopal habits1 :i* _h previ\sly be5 execut$ !re by ,titian4 ,b :atev] c>e & pa9s ,pord5one took1 he c\ld n equal nor ev5 approa* ! "w ( ! =m]4 ,titian 0 !n appo9t$ to pa9t a picture ( ! ,annunciation = ! ,*ur* ( ,santa ,m>ia degli ,angeli1 at ,murano2 b ^? :o gave ! commission = ! "w1 n wi%+ to pay s mu* z five hundr$ cr[ns1 :i* ,titian requir$ z its price1 he s5t x1 by ! advice ( ,pietro ,aret9o1 z a gift to ,*>les ,v41 :o be+ greatly delight$ ) ! "w1 made him a pres5t ( two ?\s& cr[ns4 ,! place :i* ! picture 0 to h occupi$ at ,murano 0 !n fill$ by "o f ! h& ( ,pord5one4 ,:5 ! emp]or1 "s "t aft] ?is1 return$ ) 8 army f ,hung>y1 & 0 aga9 at ,bologna1 hold+ a conf]5ce ) ,clem5t ,,vii41 he desir$ to h ano!r portrait tak5 ( him by ,titian1 :o1 be=e he dep>t$ f ! city1 also pa9t$ t ( ! ,c>d9al ,ippolito de ,m$ici 9 ! ,hung>ian dress1 ) ano!r ( ! same prelate fully arm$1 :i* is some:at small] ?an ! fir/2 ^! are bo? n[ 9 ! ,gu>d>oba ( ,duke ,cosimo4 ,he pa9t$ ! portraits ( ,alfonso1 ,m>quis ( ,davalos1 & ( ,pietro ,aret9o1 at ! same p]iod1 & ^! ?+s hav+ made him kn[n to ,f$]igo ,gonzaga1 ,duke ( ,mantua1 he ent]$ ! s]vice ( ! latt]1 & accompani$ him to 8 /ates4 ,at ,mantua our arti/ made a portrait ( ! duke1 :i* appe>s to brea!1 & aft]w>d execut$ t ( 8 bro!r1 ! c>d9al4 ,^! be+ f9i%$1 he pa9t$ twelve beautiful ,heads ( ! ,twelve ,cs>s1 to decorate "o ( ! rooms erect$ by ,giulio ,romano1 & :5 !y 7 done1 ,giulio pa9t$ a ,/ory f ! ,lives ( ! ,emp]ors b5ea? ea* head4 ,! productions1 b m especially ! portraits1 ( ,titian are s num]\s t x w\ld be almo/ impossible to make ! record ( !m all4 ,i w1 !re=e1 speak ( ! pr9cipal only1 & t )\t ord] ( "t1 see+ t x does n mu* signify to tell :i* 0 pa9t$ e>li] & :i* lat]4 ,he took ! portrait ( ,*>les ,v4 sev]al times1 z we h said1 & 0 f9ally invit$ by t mon>* to 8 c\rt2 !re he pa9t$ him z he 0 9 ^? la/ ye>s2 & s mu* 0 t mo/ inv9cible emp]or pleas$ ) ! mann] ( ,titian1 t once he _h be5 portray$ by him1 he w\ld nev] p]mit himself to be tak5 by any o!r p]son4 ,ea* "t t ,titian pa9t$ ! emp]or he receiv$ a pres5t ( a ?\s& cr[ns ( gold1 & ! arti/ 0 made a cavali]1 or knight1 by 8 maje/y1 ) a rev5ue ( two hundr$ cr[ns ye>ly1 secur$ on ! treasury ( ,naples1 & atta*$ to 8 title4 ,:5 ,titian pa9t$ ,filippo1 ,k+ ( ,spa91 ! son ( ,*>les1 he receiv$ ano!r annuity ( two hundr$ cr[ns2 s t ^! f\r hundr$1 add$ to ! ?ree hundr$ f ! ,g]man ,ex*ange1 make him a fix$ income ( sev5 hundr$ cr[ns1 :i* he possesses )\t ! necessity ( ex]t+ himself 9 any mann]4 ,titian pres5t$ ! portraits ( ,*>les ,v4 & 8 son ,filippo to ! ,duke ,cosimo1 :o has !m n[ 9 8 ,gu>d>oba4 ,he also took ! portrait ( ,f]d9&1 ,k+ ( ! ,romans1 :o 0 aft]w>d emp]or1 ) ^? ( 8 *ildr51 ,maximilian1 t is to say1 n[ emp]or1 & 8 bro!r2 he likewise pa9t$ ! ,que5 ,m>ia2 & at ! comm& ( ! ,emp]or ,*>les1 he portray$ ! ,duke ( ,saxony1 :5 ! latt] 0 9 prison4 ,b :at a wa/e ( "t is ?is6 :5 !re has sc>cely be5 a noble ( high rank1 sc>cely a pr9ce or lady ( great "n1 ^: portrait has n be5 tak5 by ,titian1 :o 9 t bran* ( art is inde$ an excell5t pa9t]4 ,all ^! works1 ) _m o!rs :i* ,i omit to avoid prolixity1 h be5 execut$ up to ! pres5t age ( our arti/1 :i* is above sev5ty-six ye>s4 ,titian has be5 always heal?y & happy2 he has be5 favor$ beyond ! lot ( mo/ m51 & has receiv$ f ,heav5 only favors & bless+s4 ,9 8 h\se he has ent]ta9$ :atev] pr9ces1 lit]ati1 or m5 ( di/9ction h gone to or dwelt 9 ,v5ice2 =1 to say no?+ ( 8 excell5ce 9 art1 he has always di/+ui%$ himself by c\rtesy1 hospitality1 & rectitude4 ,titian has _h "s rivals 9 ,v5ice1 b n ( any great ability1 :]e=e he has easily ov]come !m by ! sup]iority ( 8 art2 :ile he has also r5d]$ himself acceptable to ! g5tlem5 ( ! city4 ,he has ga9$ a fair am\nt ( weal?1 8 labors hav+ always be5 well paid2 & x w\ld h be5 well if he _h work$ = 8 amusem5t alone dur+ ^! latt] ye>s1 t he might n h dim9i%$ ! reputation ga9$ 9 8 be/ days by works ( inf]ior m]it1 p]=m$ at a p]iod ( life :5 nature t5ds inevitably to decl9e1 & consequ5t imp]fection4 ,9 ! ye> #aeff1 :5 ,vas>i1 ! writ] ( ! pres5t hi/ory1 0 at ,v5ice1 he w5t to visit ,titian1 z "o :o 0 8 fri5d1 & f\nd him1 al?\gh !n v old1 /ill ) ! p5cils 9 8 h& & pa9t+ busily4 ,great pleasure _h ,vas>i 9 behold+ 8 works & 9 conv]s+ ) ! ma/]4 ,x may be affirm$1 !n1 t ,titian1 hav+ adorn$ ,v5ice1 or r all ,italy1 & o!r p>ts ( ! _w1 ) excell5t pa9t+s1 well m]its to be lov$ & respect$ by arti/s1 & 9 _m ?+s to be admir$ & imitat$ also1 z "o :o has produc$1 & is produc+1 "w ( inf9ite m]it2 nay1 su* z mu/ endure :ile ! memory ( illu/ri\s m5 %all rema94 ,,alb]t ,d,,r]#c ,footnote #c3 ,copyright1 #ahid1 by ,helm> ,hess4 ,by ,w4 ,j4 ,,holl&1 ,*ancellor ( ! ,we/]n ,univ]sity ( ,p5nsylvania 7#adga-aebh7 ,illu/ration3 ,alb]t ,dr]4 ,x has be5 giv5 to "s m5 to be n only great 9 ! doma9 ( art by reason ( t :i* !y h !mselves succe$$ 9 produc+1 b by reason ( t :i* !y h inspir$ o!r m5 to produce4 ,!y h be5 n m]ely arti/s1 b tea*]s1 :o by precept & example h m\ld$ ! :ole curr5t & drift ( arti/ic ?\ght 9 ! ages & l&s to :i* !y h belong$4 ,among ^! l(ty spirits1 :o live ?r\gh ! c5turies n only 9 :at _! h&s once fa%ion$1 b /ill m 9 :at !y h inspir$ o!rs to d1 und\bt$ly "o ( ! greate/ is ,alb]t ,dr]4 ,ju/ly reckon$ z ! repres5tative arti/ ( ,g]many1 he has ! peculi> honor ( hav+ rais$ ! craft ( ! engrav] to its true position1 z "o ( ! f9e arts4 ,z a pa9t] n unwor?y to be classifi$ ) ,titian & ,raphael1 8 contempor>ies ^u ,italian soil1 he p\r$ ! weal? ( 8 g5ius into woodcuts & copp]plates1 & taught m5 ! practically measureless capacity ( :at be=e 8 day _h be5 a rudim5t>y art4 ,dr] 0 born 9 ,nuremb]g on ,may #ba1 #adga4 ,! family 0 ( ,hung>ian orig91 ?\gh ! "n is ,g]man1 & is d]iv$ f ,?r]1 mean+ a mak] ( doors4 ,! ance/ral call+ ( ! family probably 0 t ( ! c>p5t]4 ,alb]t ,dr]1 ! fa!r ( ! great arti/1 0 a goldsmi?1 & settl$ ab\t #adfj 9 ,nuremb]g1 :]e he s]v$ z an assi/ant to ,hi]onymus ,holp]1 a ma/] goldsmi?1 ^: daught]1 ,b>b>a1 he m>ri$ 9 #adfh4 ,he 0 at ! "t =ty ye>s ( age1 & %e fifte54 ,z ! result ( ! union eighte5 *ildr5 7 born into ! _w1 ( :om ,albre*t 0 ! second4 ,! lad1 z he grew up1 became a great favorite ) 8 fa!r1 :o appe>$ to disc]n 9 him ! promise ( future ability4 ,! feel+ ( atta*m5t 0 reciprocat$ 9 ! mo/ filial mann]1 & !re are extant two well-au!nticat$ portraits ( ! fa!r f ! facile bru% ( ! son1 "o 9 ! ,uffizi at ,flor5ce1 ! o!r 9 ! possession ( ! ,duke ( ,nor?umb]l&4 ,x 0 ! orig9al int5tion ( ! fa!r ( ! arti/ t he %\ld foll[ ! craft ( ! goldsmi?1 b aft] s]v+ a p]iod z an appr5tice 9 8 fa!r's %op1 8 /rong pr$ilection = ! call+ ( ! pa9t] manife/$ itself to su* a degree t ! fa!r reluctantly cons5t$ to all[ ! boy to foll[ 8 natural b5t1 & plac$ him "u ! tutelage ( ,mi*ael ,wohlgemu?1 ! pr9cipal pa9t] ( ,nuremb]g4 ,wohlgemu? 0 a repres5tative arti/ ( 8 "t1 :o foll[$ 8 call+ aft] a me*anical fa%ion1 hav+ a l>ge %op fill$ ) appr5tices :o1 "u 8 direction & ) 8 assi/ance1 busi$ !mselves 9 turn+ out = a small consid]ation alt>-pieces & pictures ( m>tyrdoms1 :i* 7 9 vogue z necess>y p>ts ( decoration 9 *ur*es4 ,num]\s examples ( ! "w ( ,wohlgemu? & 8 contempor>ies survive1 atte/+1 by ! weal? ( crudities & un9t5d$ c>icatures ) :i* !y ab\nd1 ! comp>atively l[ /age ( developm5t atta9$ by ! art ( ! pa9t] 9 ,g]many at t day4 ,accord+ to ,dr]1 ! p]iod ( 8 appr5tice%ip to ,wohlgemu? 0 sp5t pr(itably1 & result$ 9 l>ge acquisitions ( te*nical skill4 ,! p]iod ( 8 prelim9>y tra9+ be+ end$1 he set =? ^u 8 ,w&]jahre1 & travell$ ext5sively4 ,j :at po9ts he visit$ _c ) c]ta9ty be det]m9$4 ,x is asc]ta9$ beyond d\bt t he visit$ ,colm>1 :]e he 0 hospitably ent]ta9$ by ! family ( ,m>t9 ,s*ongau]1 ! greate/ pa9t] ( 8 "t on ,g]man soil1 b :o _h di$ %ortly be=e ! visit ( ,dr]4 ,he also visit$ ,/rasburg1 & x is ?\ght by _m t he ext5d$ 8 j\rney+s z f> z ,v5ice4 ,9 #adid he return$ to ,nuremb]g1 & 9 ! mon? ( ,july 0 m>ri$ to ,agnes ,frey1 ! daught] ( a prosp]\s m]*ant ( ! city4 ,he 0 tw5ty-?ree ye>s ( age1 & %e some:at y\ng]4 ,!y liv$ toge!r happily1 ?\gh no *ildr5 7 born to !m1 & x has be5 prov$ t ! reputation :i* has be5 giv5 h]1 ( be+ little bett] ?an a common scold1 :o imbitt]$ 8 life by h] t]magancy1 is ! creation ( ! ill temp] ( "o ( ! te/y fri5ds ( ,dr]1 ,willibald ,pirkheim]1 :o1 9 ! _s ( spitefulness1 besmir*$ h] "* 9 a lett] :i* un=tunately survives to ?is day1 & 9 :i* he accuses h] ( hav+ l$ h] husb& a mad & we>y dance by h] temp]4 ,! reason = ?is ebullition on ! "p ( ,pirkheim] appe>s to h be5 t1 aft] ,dr]'s dea?1 %e refus$ to give him a pair ( antl]s :i* _h belong$ to h] husb&1 & :i* ,pirkheim] _h set 8 he>t ^u hav+4 ,illu/ration3 ,alb]t ,dr]'s ,w$d+4 ,! fir/ elev5 ye>s ( ! m>ri$ life ( ,dr] 7 sp5t 9 ,nuremb]g1 :]e he devot$ himself ) unremitt+ assiduity to ! prosecution ( 8 art4 ,dur+ ^! ye>s 8 p[]s unfold$ rapidly1 & !re are extant two notable pictures1 :i* 7 und\bt$ly produc$ at ?is "t1 ! tripty* 9 ! ,dresd5 ,gall]y1 & an alt>-piece :i* is 9 ! palace ( ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,vi5na1 at ,ob] ,/4 ,veit4 ,^! compositions1 :ile rem>kable 9 _m respects1 /ill reveal ! influ5ce ( 8 ma/]1 ,wohlgemu?1 & give evid5ce ( hav+ be5 9 "p execut$ ) ! assi/ance ( appr5tices4 ,9 fact1 ! peak-gabl$ h\se at ! foot ( ! ca/le-m\nd 9 ,nuremb]g 0 a picture factory l t ( ,wohlgemu?1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 "w ( a high] ord] ?an any hi!rto produc$ 9 ,g]many 0 be+ turn$ out4 ,we "k ! names ( f\r or five ( ^? :o s]v$ z appr5tices "u ,dr] at ?is "t & !y are />s ( less] magnitude 9 ! con/ellation ( ,g]man art4 ,b ,dr] 0 n cont5t$ simply to employ 8 tal5ts 9 ! production ( pa9t$ alt>-pieces1 & we f9d him turn+ out a numb] ( engrav+s1 ! mo/ noticeable among :i* are 8 sixte5 great wood-cuts illu/rat+ ! ,apocalypse1 :i* 7 publi%$ 9 #adih4 ,! !me 0 "o :i* _h peculi> fasc9ations = all classes at ! "t4 ,! break+ up ( all pre-exi/+ sy/ems1 ! wond]ful /irr+s ( a new life :i* 7 beg9n+ to be felt ev]y:]e ) ! close ( ! ,middle ,age & ! dawn+ ( ! ,r5aissance1 _h fill$ ! m9ds ( m5 ) wond]1 & caus$ !m to turn to ! writ+s ( ! ,apocalyptic ,se] ) ke5e/ int]e/4 ,a rec5t critic1 comm5t+ ^u 8 "w z repres5t$ 9 ^! engrav+s1 says3 ,! en]gy & undismay$ simplicity ( 8 imag9ation enable him1 9 ?is ord] ( creations1 to t\* ! highe/ po9t ( human a*ievem5t4 ,! f\r angels keep+ back ! w9ds t !y bl[ n1 ! f\r rid]s1 ! loos+ ( ! angels ( ! ,euphrates to slay ! ?ird "p ( m5--^! & o!rs are conceptions ( su* =ce1 su* grave or tempe/u\s gr&eur1 9 ! mid/ ( grotesqu5ess1 z ! art ( no o!r age or h& has produc$4 ,at ?is p]iod ,dr] 0 also engag$ 9 exp]im5t+ ^u ! art ( copp]-plate engrav+1 9 :i* he re/rict$ himself ma9ly to reproduc+ copies ( ! works ( o!r arti/s1 among !m ^? ( ,jacopo de ,b>b>i1 a pa9t] ( ! ,italian s*ool1 :o 0 resid+ 9 ,nuremb]g1 & :o among o!r ?+s gave ! great arti/ in/ruction 9 pla/ic anatomy4 ,! influ5ce ( 8 in/ructor is pla91 :5 we comp>e engrav+s execut$ ab\t #aejd ) ^? publi%$ at a previ\s date1 & especially :5 we exam9e 8 design ( ! ,passion ( our ,"l pa9t$ 9 :ite ^u a gre5 gr\nd1 commonly kn[n z ,! ,gre5 ,passion1 :i* is treasur$ 9 ! ,alb]t9a at ,prague4 ,he also dur+ ^! twelve ye>s f9i%$ sev5 ( ! twelve great wood-cuts illu/rat+ ! passion1 & sixte5 ( ! tw5ty cuts :i* compose ! s]ies kn[n z ,! ,life ( ! ,virg94 ,! activities ( ,dr] 9 ,nuremb]g 7 tempor>ily int]rupt$ by a j\rney to ,italy1 :i* he und]took 9 ! fall ( ! ye> #aeje4 ,:at ! imm$iate occasion = und]tak+ ?is j\rney may h be5 is n pla91 ?\gh x seems mo/ likely t "o ( 8 objects 0 to enable him to recup]ate f ! effects ( a protract$ illness1 f :i* he _h suff]$ dur+ ! summ] ( ?is ye>1 & also incid5tally to secure a m>ket = 8 w>es 9 ,v5ice1 ! comm]cial relation%ips ( :i* ) ,nuremb]g 7 v close at ?is p]iod4 ,a ,g]man colony1 compos$ l>gely ( ,nuremb]g factors & m]*ants1 0 locat$ at ?is "t 9 ,v5ice1 & !y _h secur$ ! privilege ( d$icat+ a great pa9t+ 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew4 ,! commission = ! execution ( ?is pa9t+ 0 secur$ by ,dr]4 ,x repres5ts ! adoration ( ! ,virg91 b has be5 commonly kn[n "u ! "n ( ,! ,fea/ ( ! ,rose ,g>l&s4 ,aft] hav+ und]gone _m vicissitudes1 x is pres]v$ to-day 9 a highly mutilat$ condition 9 ! mona/]y ( ,/ra*[1 ne> ,prague4 ,dr]'s /ay 9 ,v5ice 0 signaliz$ n only by ! production ( ?is pa9t+1 b ( ?ree or f\r o!r notable works :i* /ill exi/1 & :i* reflect ! great influ5ce ^u him ( ! ,italian s*ool ( pa9t+1 ) :i* he _h atta9$ famili>ity4 ,8 /ay 9 ,v5ice la/$ ab\t a ye>4 ,9 ! fall ( #aejf1 he return$ to ,nuremb]g1 & !re rema9$ = ! next f\rte5 ye>s1 engag$ 9 ! practice ( 8 art4 ,^! ye>s 7 ye>s ( success & prosp]ity4 ,8 "n & fame _h spread ov] ! :ole ( ,europe1 & ! greate/ arti/s ( ! day 7 glad to d him homage4 ,raphael said ( him1 :5 contemplat+ "s ( 8 designs1 ,truly ?is man w\ld h surpass$ u all1 if he _h ! ma/]pieces ( anci5t art con/antly be=e 8 eyes z we h4 ,a fri5dly correspond5ce 0 ma9ta9$ betwe5 ! immortal ,italian & 8 ,g]man contempor>y1 & 9 8 own c\ntry1 all m51 f ! emp]or to ! peasant1 delight$ to d honor to 8 g5ius1 ! products ( :i* 7 f\nd alike 9 *ur* & palace1 & ?r\gh 8 pr9t$ designs 9 ! homes ( ! humble poor4 ,! pr\d old imp]ial city ( ,nuremb]g _h ga!r$ )9 its battlem5t$ walls a multitude ( m5 :o 7 di/+ui%$ n only = _! comm]cial ent]prise & weal?1 b _m ( :om 7 ! expon5ts ( ! lit]>y & arti/ic culture ( ! "t4 ,among ! m5 ) :om ,dr] f\nd cong5ial companion%ip 7 ,adam ,krafft1 ! sculptor2 ,veit ,/oss1 ^: exquisite c>v+s 9 wood may reflect 9 "s measure 9 ! wild luxuriance ( ! imag9ation :i* !y display1 ! re/less1 d>e-devil _s ) :i* 8 biograph]s inve/ him2 ,pet] ,vis*]1 ! bronze f\nd]2 & la/ b n lea/4 ,hans ,sa*s1 ! cobbl] poet1 ^: qua9t rhymes are a s\rce ( delight to ?is day1 & 7 a mighty =ce 9 ! great "w ( ! ,re=mation1 by :i* ! fett]s ( m$ival traditions & ecclesia/ical abuse 7 ?r[n (f by ! ,g]man p4 ,( ! p]sonal appe>ance ( ,dr] at ?is "t1 we are n left 9 ignorance4 ,a portrait ( himself f 8 own h&s has be5 pres]v$ & is well kn[n4 ,8 features reveal ref9em5t & great intellectuality1 unit$ ) grace1 & 8 attire %[s t he 0 n oblivi\s to matt]s ( p]sonal adornm5t4 ,aft] ! fa%ion ( ! "t1 8 hair 0 worn 9 long & graceful r+lets1 :i* fell 9 heavy masses ab\t 8 %\ld]s4 ,! fir/ six ye>s :i* foll[$ 8 return f ,v5ice 7 almo/ :olly giv5 to pa9t+1 & 8 productions give evid5ce ( ! fact t he _h dismiss$ f 8 employm5t ! ret9ue ( assi/ants & appr5tices1 :om he _h employ$ 9 8 e>li] ye>s4 ,f ?is p]iod date mo/ ( 8 great ma/]pieces1 :i* are /ill pres]v$1 among !m ! ,adam & ,eve1 9 ! ,pitti ,palace2 ! ,t5 ,?\s& ,m>tyrs ( ,nicom$ia1 9 ! ,imp]ial ,gall]y1 at ,vi5na2 ! ,adoration ( ! ,tr9ity1 at ! ,belv$]e1 9 ,vi5na2 & ,! ,assumption ( ! ,virg91 ! orig9al ( :i* 0 de/roy$ by fire m ?an ?ree hundr$ ye>s ago1 b ( :i* a good copy is pres]v$ at ,frank=t4 ,to ?is p]iod belong ! portraits ( ,*>lemagne & ( ! ,emp]or ,sigismund1 :i* are pres]v$ 9 ! ,national ,g]man ,museum at ,nuremb]g4 ,illu/ration3 ,alb]t ,dr] ,visits ,hans ,sa*s4 ,b :ile prosecut+ ! "w ( ! pa9t]1 he did n neglect ! art ( ! engrav]1 & 9 #aeaa1 br\ght out 9 complete =m 8 great book ( woodcuts 9 folio1 & began to develop t m>vell\s art ( et*+ :i* is indissolubly connect$ ) 8 "n4 ,among ! products ( ! et*]'s ne$le :i* atte/ 8 activity 9 ?is direction are ^? ma/]pieces :i* h = c5turies be5 at once ! delight & ! puzzle ( arti/ic m9ds3 ! ,melan*olia1 ,! ,knight & ! ,devil1 & ,/4 ,j]ome 9 8 ,cell4 ,! mo/ reasonable explanation ( ^! weird fancies is t !y 7 int5d$ to repres5t 9 allegorical /yle ! ?ree temp]am5ts--! melan*olic1 ! sangu9e1 & ! phlegmatic4 ,! ,diet ( ,augsburg1 :i* 0 conv5$ 9 #aeah1 gave ,dr] a pass+ opportunity to depict ! l9eam5ts ( ! ,emp]or ,maximilian1 :o gave him sev]al sitt+s1 & :o manife/$ great int]e/ 9 ! pa9t]4 ,! dea? ( ! emp]or 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 ! outbreak ( an epidemic 9 ,nuremb]g1 toge!r ) ! coronation ( ,*>les ,v4 at ,aix-la-,*apelle1 l$ ,dr] to und]take a j\rney to ! ,l[ ,c\ntries1 9 :i* he 0 accompani$ by 8 fai?ful wife4 ,he 0 pres5t at ! coronation & 0 "o ( ! di/+ui%$ civilians ^: appe>ance add$ dignity to ! occasion4 ,8 di>y1 9 :i* he rec\nts 8 exp]i5ces ^u ?is j\rney1 & :i* is accompani$ by a multitude ( wayside sket*es1 is /ill pres]v$1 & conta9s1 besides ! dry entries ( 8 curr5t exp5ditures1 mo/ ent]ta9+ allusions to ! di/+ui%$ p :om he met1 & :o receiv$ him ) ! utmo/ cordiality4 ,int]m+l$ ) ^! n>rative details are outbur/s ( feel+1 :i* are provok$ by pass+ political & ecclesia/ical ev5ts1 9 :i* he took a pr(\nd int]e/1 ?\gh he nev] appe>s to h committ$ himself ) positive op5ness to ! p>ty ( re=m4 ,8 sympa?ies are1 h[ev]1 cle>ly %[n by 8 writ+s1 z well z by 8 works ( art1 to h be5 ) ! ,re=m]s1 & he liv$ on t]ms ( intimacy ) ,erasmus & ,melanc?on1 ( bo? ( :om we h portraits f 8 h&4 ,dr] return$ f ! ,ne!rl&s 9 #aeba1 ab\t ! middle ( ,july1 & ! rema9+ ye>s ( 8 life 7 sp5t 9 ! prosecution ( ! art ( ! engrav]1 9 pa9t+1 & 9 ! ef=t to elucidate ! sci5ces ( p]spective1 geometry1 & =tification1 ^u all ( :i* he has left treatises4 ,8 labors1 ?\gh !y _h n br\ght ) !m great weal?1 _h secur$ = him a compet5cy1 & ! latt] ye>s ( 8 life 7 devot$ m & m to labors :i*1 :ile dignifi$1 did n t5d to add greatly to 8 already magnific5t reputation4 ,^! labors 7 prosecut$ 9 spite ( ev]-fail+ heal?4 ,:ile 9 ! ,ne!rl&s he _h contract$ a mal>ial fev]1 ! effects ( :i* clung to him1 9 spite ( ! be/ treatm5t :i* c\ld be secur$1 & left him ! wreck ( 8 =m] self4 ,on ,april #f1 #aebh1 dea? sudd5ly ov]took him4 ,!re 0 n ev5 "t to summon 8 fri5ds to 8 side be=e 8 _s _h fl$4 ,! city :i* _h be5 8 home f *ildhood 0 fill$ ) m\rn+4 ,!y took up 8 rema9s & g5tly laid !m to re/ 9 ! burial vault ( 8 wife's family 9 ! gravey>d ( ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,john1 :]e ! sett+ sun p\rs its la/ gl[+ beams at ev5+ ov] ! l[ ,franconian hill-tops4 ,! vault has s9ce be5 *ang$ & ! la/ re/+-place ( ! rema9s ( ! ,raphael ( ! ,nor? is a l[ly m\nd1 rev]5tly approa*$ by all :o visit ! qua9t imp]ial city1 ^u :i* is a slab1 cov]$ ) a bronze tablet ^u :i* are ! words3 ,quicquid ,alb]ti ,dur]i ,mortale ,fuit ,sub ,hoc ,conditum ,tumulo4 ,emigravit ,,viii ,idus ,aprilis1 ,,mdxxviil ,emigravit is ! inscription on ! tomb/one :]e he lies2 ,dead he is n1 b dep>t$--= ! arti/ nev] dies4 ,fair] seems ! anci5t city1 & ! sun%9e seems m fair1 ,t he once has trod its pavem5t1 t he once has brea!d its air6 ,signature ( ! au?or4 ,,rub5s ,by ,mrs4 ,,lee 7#aegg-afdj7 ,illu/ration3 ,rub5s4 ,x is j "o hundr$ & tw5ty ye>s to-day1 said a "y arti/ to 8 fri5d1 z he /ood 9 ! hall ( ,/4 ,m>k1 at ,v5ice1 contemplat+ ! noble works ( ,titian4 ,"t1 ! de/roy]1 has "h /ay$ 8 h&2 ! colors are z vivid & z fre% z if !y 7 laid on b ye/]day4 ,w\ld t my old fri5d & ma/]1 ,o?o ,v5ius1 0 "h6 ,at lea/ ,i w c>ry back to ,antw]p t 9 my color+ :i* %all prove to him t ,i h n play$ truant to ! art4 ,j "o hundr$ & tw5ty ye>s1 repeat$ he1 s9ce ,titian 0 born4 ,v5ice 0 !n 9 its glory1 b n[ x is all fall+2 its *ur*es & palaces are crumbl+ to du/1 its comm]ce int]rupt$4 ,! republic cont9ually h>ass$ by ! ,porte1 & oblig$ to call on =eign aid2 depress$ by h] int]nal despotism1 h] c\ncil ( t51 & /ate inquisitors2 h] decl9e1 ?\gh gradual1 is sure2 yet ! spl5dor ( h] arts rema9s1 & ! g5ius ( ,titian1 h] favorite son1 is yet 9 ! bloom & brilliancy ( y\?6 ,su* 0 ! en?usia/ic exclamation ( ,rub5s1 z he contemplat$ ^? pa9t+s :i* _h br\ght him f ,antw]p4 ,h[ _m gift$ m9ds spoke to him f ! noble works :i* 7 be=e him6 ,! ?ree ,bell9is1 ! f\nd]s ( ! ,v5etian s*ool2 ,giorgione1 ,titian1 & ,t9toretto4 ,!n ,paolo ,v]onese1 :o1 ?\gh born at ,v]ona1 9 #aecg1 adopt$ ,v5ice z 8 home1 & became ! fell[-arti/ ( ,t9toretto1 & ! disciple ( ,titian4 ,pord5one1 too1 :o view$ ,titian z a rival & an enemy4 ,palma ! "y1 & ,palma ! old1 born 9 #aedh1 & ! ,bassanos1 :o di$ ne> #afbg4 ,all ^! 7 pres5t to ! eye ( ,rub5s1 _! g5ius embodi$ on ! canvas 9 ! halls ( ,/4 ,m>k4 ,^!1 he exclaim$1 h =m$ ! ,v5etian s*ool1 & ^! %all be my /udy6 ,f ?is "t1 ! "y arti/ might daily be se5 ) 8 %eets ( :ite pap]1 & 8 p5cil 9 8 h&4 ,a few /rokes pres]v$ ! outl9e :i* 8 memory fill$ up2 & by an intuitive glance1 8 g5ius und]/ood & appropriat$ e signal beauty4 ,9 ,v5ice he became acqua9t$ ) ! ,ar*duke ,alb]t1 :o introduc$ him to ! ,duke ( ,mantua1 :i!r he w5t = ! purpose ( /udy+ ! works ( ,julio ,romano4 ,f !nce he proce$$ to ,rome2 "h ,raphael 0 8 model1 & ,mi*ael ,angelo 8 wond]4 ,he devot$ himself to pa9t+ ) a f]vor t belongs only to g5ius2 & he soon prov$ t1 :atev] he ga9$ by anci5t /udy1 ! orig9ality ( 8 own conceptions w\ld /ill rema9 & appe>4 ,to ! vivid & spl5did color+ ( ! ,v5etian s*ool1 he 0 p]haps m indebt$ ?an to any o!r model4 ,! affectionate & con/ant int]c\rse1 by lett]s1 t subsi/$ betwe5 ,rub5s & 8 "m1 made 8 long resid5ce 9 ,italy "o ( pleasure4 ,at ,rome he 0 employ$ to adorn1 by 8 pa9t+s1 ! ,*ur* ( ,santa ,croce1 & also ! ,*iesa ,nova4 ,rub5s _h be5 orig9ally de/9$ by 8 "m = "o ( ! le>n$ pr(essions4 ,8 fa!r 0 born at ,antw]p1 & held ! honorable (fice ( c\ncillor ( /ate4 ,:5 ! civil w> broke out he repair$ to ,cologne1 :]e 8 son1 ,pet] ,paul ,rub5s1 0 born4 ,he di$ soon aft] 8 return to ,antw]p1 & left 8 prop]ty mu* dim9i%$ f losses occasion$ by ! civil w>4 ,! "m ( ,rub5s put him e>ly to ! be/ s*ools1 :]e he 0 initiat$ 9 le>n+ & discov]$ a ta/e = belles-lettres2 b all ! int]vals ( necess>y /udy 7 devot$ to draw+4 ,8 "m p]ceiv+ x1 det]m9$ to indulge 8 incl9ation1 & plac$ him 9 ! /udio ( ,van ,noort4 ,! correct ta/e ( ! s*ol> soon l$ him to p]ceive t he c\ld n adopt ?is arti/'s /yle1 & he became ! pupil ( ,o?o ,v5ius4 ,simil>ity ( ?\ght & feel+ unit$ !m closely1 & x 0 ) true dis9t]e/$ness t ! ma/] urg$ 8 pupil to quit 8 conf9$ circle & repair to ,italy1 ! great s*ool ( art4 ,"t flew rapidly ) ,rub5s1 :ile engag$ 9 8 belov$ & honorable pursuit2 he look$ =w>d to ! p]iod :5 he might return to ,antw]p & place 8 "m 9 h] =m] afflu5ce4 ,ne>ly sev5 ye>s _h pass$ s9ce he took leave ( h]4 ,( late he ?\ght h] lett]s _h be5 less *e]ful2 %e spoke ( h] decl9+ heal?1 ( h] e>ne/ hope t %e might live to embrace him once m4 ,?is h9t 0 en\gh = 8 affectionate he>t4 ,he imm$iately broke (f all 8 engagem5ts & prep>$ to return4 ,ev]yone kn[s :at impati5ce is creat$ :5 "o fir/ beg9s to contemplate home1 aft] a long abs5ce1 & ! he>t is turn$ t[>d x4 ,sev5 ye>s abs5t8 wrote ,rub5s to 8 "m1 h[ is x possible ,i h liv$ s long away f y8 ,x is too long2 h5ce=? ,i w devote myself to y\r happ9ess4 ,antw]p %all be my future resid5ce4 ,i h acquir$ a ta/e = horticulture2 our little g>d5 %all be enl>g$ & cultivat$1 & our home w be a p>adise4 ,:at are human anticipations & projects6 ! day be=e he 0 to quit ,rome he receiv$ a lett] in=m+ him t 8 "m 0 v ill1 & begg+ him to return ) all spe$4 ,) brea?less ha/e he hurri$ back1 )\t sleep or re/4 ,:5 he rea*$ ! city he d>$ n make any inquiries4 ,at l5g? he /ood be=e ! pat]nal mansion2 he saw ! gloomy tiles & half-clos$ w9d[-%utt]s4 ,x 0 ! fall ( ! trees4 ,he obs]v$ p go+ 9 & out at ! door2 to speak 0 impossible4 ,at l5g? he ru%$ 9 & he>d ! appall+ s5t5ce1 ,too late1 a s5t5ce t (t5 /rikes desolation to ! human he>t4 ,8 "m _h expir$ t morn+4 ,:ile he 0 /ruggl+ ) ! bitt]ness ( sorr[1 he met ) ,elizabe? ,brants4 ,!re 0 some?+ 9 ! tone ( h] voice :i* infus$ tranquillity into 8 m9d1 & affection came 9 a new =m to assuage 8 loss4 ,%e 0 ! ladye ( 8 love1 & aft]w>d 8 wife4 ,he built a magnific5t h\se at ,antw]p1 ) a saloon 9 =m ( a rotunda1 :i* he ornam5t$ & enri*$ ) antique /atues1 bu/s1 vases1 & pictures by ! mo/ celebrat$ pa9t]s4 ,?us surr\nd$ by ! gems ( art1 he devot$ himself to ! execution ( works :i* 7 ! pride ( 8 native c\ntry1 & caus$ honors & weal? to be heap$ ^u him4 ,!re 7 ^? f\nd :o c\ld n endure ! spl5dor ( 8 success2 ^! calumniat$4 ,!re 7 o!rs :o tri$ to draw him into vision>y speculations4 ,a *emi/ (f]$ him a %>e ( 8 laboratory1 to jo9 9 8 se>* = ! philosoph]'s /one4 ,he c>ri$ ! vision>y to 8 pa9t+-room1 & said1 ,! (f] comes too late4 ,y see ,i h f\nd out ! art ( mak+ gold by my palette & p5cils4 ,rub5s 0 n[ at ! height ( prosp]ity & happ9ess1 a dang]\s em95ce1 & "o on :i* few are p]mitt$ to re/4 ,a second "t 8 he>t 0 pi]c$ ) sorr[3 he lo/ 8 "y wife1 ,elizabe?1 a few ye>s aft] _! union4 ,deep z 0 8 sorr[1 he _h yet resolution en\gh to feel ! necessity ( ex]tion4 ,he left ! place :i* con/antly rem9d$ him ( dome/ic enjoym5t1 ! memory ( :i* contra/$ s sadly ) ! pres5t sil5ce & solitude1 & travell$ = "s "t 9 ,holl&4 ,aft] 8 return1 he receiv$ a commission f ,m>y de ,m$ici1 ( ,france1 to adorn ! palace ( ! ,luxemb\rg4 ,he execut$ = ?is purpose a numb] ( pa9t+s at ,antw]p1 & in/ruct$ sev]al pupils 9 8 art4 ,at ?is "t ,rub5s devot$ himself :olly to pa9t+1 & sc>cely all[$ himself "t = recreation4 ,he consid]$ x "o ( ! mo/ effectual means ( in/ruction1 to all[ 8 pupils to obs]ve 8 me?od ( us+ 8 pa9ts4 ,he !re=e _h !m ) him :ile he work$ on 8 l>ge pictures4 ,t5i]s1 ,snyd]s1 ,jorda5s1 & ,v&yke 7 among 8 pupils--all names well kn[n4 ,:5 ,rub5s _h execut$ ! commission giv5 him by ,m>y de ,m$ici1 wife ( ,h5ry ,,iv41 he repair$ to ,p>is to arrange 8 pictures at ! ,luxemb\rg palace1 & !re pa9t$ two m1 & likewise ! gall]ies1 repres5t+ passages ( h] life4 ,"h he became acqua9t$ ) ! ,duke ( ,buck+ham1 z t nobleman 0 on 8 way to ,madrid ) ,pr9ce ,*>les4 ,on 8 return to ,antw]p1 he 0 summon$ to ! pres5ce ( ! ,infanta ,isabella1 :o _h1 ?r\gh ,buck+ham1 become int]e/$ 9 8 "*4 ,%e ?\ght him wor?y ( a political mission to ! c\rt ( ,madrid1 :]e he 0 mo/ graci\sly receiv$ by ,philip4 ,:ile at ,madrid he pa9t$ f\r pictures = ! conv5t ( ! ,c>melites1 & a f9e portrait ( ! k+ on horseback1 ) _m o!r pictures2 = ^! extraord9>y productions he 0 ri*ly rew>d$1 receiv$ ! honor ( knigh?ood1 & 0 pres5t$ ) ! gold5 key4 ,:ile 9 ,spa91 ,don ,john1 ,duke ( ,braganza1 :o 0 aft]w>d k+ ( ,portugal1 s5t & invit$ him to visit him at ,villa ,vitiosa1 ! place ( 8 resid5ce4 ,rub5s1 p]haps1 might at ?is "t h be5 a little dazzl$ ) 8 uncommon elevation4 ,he 0 n[ ,sir ,paul & celebrat$ all ov] ,europe4 ,x 0 prop] he %\ld make ! visit z "o p]son ( high rank visits ano!r4 ,8 prep>ations 7 great to appe> 9 a becom+ /yle1 & n to %ame 8 noble ho/4 ,at l5g? ! morn+ arriv$1 &1 att5d$ by a num]\s tra9 ( c\rte\s fri5ds & hir$ att5dants1 ! long cavalcade began ! j\rney4 ,:5 n f> di/ant f ,villa ,vitiosa1 ,rub5s le>n$ t ,don ,john _h s5t an embassy to meet him4 ,su* an honor _h seldom be5 accord$ to a private g5tleman1 & ,rub5s s*ool$ himself to receive x ) suitable humility & becom+ dignity4 ,he put up at a little di/ance f ,villa ,vitiosa1 await+ ! arrival ( ! embassy2 f9ally x came1 9 ! =m ( a s+le g5tleman1 :o civilly told him t ! duke1 8 ma/]1 _h be5 oblig$ to leave home on bus9ess t c\ld n be disp5s$ )1 & !re=e mu/ d5y himself ! pleasure ( ! visit2 b z he _h probably be5 at "s extra exp5se 9 com+ s f>1 he begg$ him to accept ( fifty pi/oles z a remun]ation4 ,rub5s refus$ ! pi/oles1 & c\ld n =be> add+ t he _h br\ght two ?\s& along ) him1 :i* he _h meant to sp5d at 8 c\rt dur+ ! fifte5 days he 0 to sp5d !re4 ,! tru? 01 t :5 ,don ,john 0 in=m$ t ,rub5s 0 com+ 9 ! /yle ( a pr9ce to see him1 x 0 :olly =eign to 8 plan2 he 0 a great lov] ( pa9t+1 & _h wi%$ to see him z an arti/4 ,he !re=e det]m9$ to prev5t ! visit4 ,! second m>riage ( ,rub5s1 ) ,hel5a ,=man1 01 no less ?an ! fir/1 "o ( affection2 %e _h great beauty1 & became a model = 8 p5cil4 ,8 favor ) ! great cont9u$4 ,m>y de ,m$ici visit$ him at 8 own home m ?an once2 & ! ,infanta ,isabella 0 s mu* satisfi$ ) 8 mission 9 ,spa91 t %e s5t him to ,engl&1 to s\nd ! disposition ( ! gov]nm5t on ! subject ( a peace4 ,rub5s disclos$ 9 ?is embassy 8 diplomatic tal5ts2 he fir/ appe>$ !re 9 8 "* ( arti/1 & ins5sibly won ^u ! confid5ce ( ,*>les4 ,! k+ reque/$ him to pa9t ! ceil+ ( ! banquet+-h\se at ,:itehall4 ,:ile he 0 employ$ ^u x1 ,*>les frequ5tly visit$ him & criticis$ ! "w4 ,rub5s1 v naturally introduc+ ! subject1 & f9d+1 f ! t5or ( 8 conv]sation1 t he 0 by no means av]se to a peace ) ,spa91 at l5g? produc$ 8 cr$5tials4 ,! k+ receiv$ 8 mission mo/ graci\sly1 & ,rub5s return$ to ! ,ne!rl&s cr[n$ ) honors & success4 ,he _h pass$ 8 fiftie? ye> :5 8 heal? began to fail1 & he 0 attack$ ) a sev]e fit ( ! g\t4 ,^? :o h witness$ ! irritation att5dant ^u t disord] w appreciate ! p]fect h>mony & g5tl5ess t exi/$ betwe5 ,rub5s & 8 wife4 ,) untir+ t5d]ness %e devot$ h]self to him1 & 0 +5i\s 9 devis+ alleviations & com=ts4 ,! sev]e attacks ( ,rub5s' disord] debilitat$ 8 frame1 yet he cont9u$ pa9t+ at 8 easel almo/ to ! la/2 &1 amid suff]+ & sickness1 nev] fail$ 9 giv+ ! en]gy ( intellect to 8 pictures4 ,he di$ at ! age ( sixty-?ree1 9 ! ye> #afdj1 leav+ great weal?4 ,! pomp & circum/ance ( fun]al rite c only be ( consequ5ce z %[+ ! e/imation 9 :i* a dep>t$ citiz5 is held4 ,public fun]al honors 7 aw>d$1 & m5 ( e rank 7 eag] to manife/ _! respect to 8 memory4 ,he 0 buri$ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,james1 at ,antw]p1 "u ! alt> ( 8 private *apel1 :i* 0 decorat$ ) "o ( 8 own noble pictures4 ,,rembr&t#d ,footnote #d3 ,copyright1 #ahid1 by ,selm> ,hess4 ,by ,,elizabe? ,,rob9s ,,p5nell 7#afjf-affi7 ,illu/ration3 ,rembr&t4 ,a h]etic 9 art ,rembr&t 0 to _m ( 8 ,dut* contempor>ies2 to u1 he is ! ma/]1 supreme alike 9 g5ius & accompli%m5t4 ,because1 z "t w5t on1 he broke completely f tradition & 9 8 "w gave full play to 8 orig9ality1 8 pictures 7 look$ at askance2 because he *ose to live 8 own life1 indiff]5t to accept$ conv5tions1 he himself 0 misund]/ood4 ,x 0 8 cruel fate to enjoy prosp]ity & popul>ity 9 8 e>li] ye>s1 only to meet ) neglect 9 8 old age4 ,b ?is he felt probably less ?an o!r m52 he 0 n a c\rti]1 ) ,velasquez1 nor v[$ to worldly success1 ) ,rub5s4 ,8 pleasure & 8 rew>d1 he f\nd 9 8 "w4 ,s long z easel & canvas1 bru%es & pa9ts 7 left to him1 he dem&$ no great] happ9ess4 ,illu/ration3 ,m>ie ,de ,m$ici at ! ,h\se ( ,rub5s4 ,9 ,leyd51 a t[n already made fam\s by ano!r ma/]1 ,lucas van ,leyd51 ,rembr&t 0 born 9 #afjf2 ?\gh ?is date has be5 disput$1 "s au?orities sugge/+ #afjg1 o!rs1 #afjh4 ,8 family 7 respectable1 if n di/+ui%$1 burgh]s1 8 fa!r1 ,h>m5 ,g]ritszoon1 be+ a mill] by trade1 8 "m1 ,neeltj5 ,willems ( ,zuitbroeck1 ! daught] ( a bak]4 ,n until e>ly 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury did p]man5t surnames become common among ,dut*m52 hi!rto *ildr5 _h be5 giv5 _! fa!r's1 9 addition to _! own ,*ri/ian "n2 ,rembr&t = _m ye>s 0 kn[n z ,rembr&t ,h>m5zoon1 or ! son ( ,h>m54 ,b ! mill]1 to be 9 ! gr[+ fa%ion1 _h call$ himself ,van ,ryn--( ! ,rh9e--& ?us1 lat] on1 ,rembr&t also sign$ himself4 ,h>m5 0 well-to-d2 he own$ h\ses 9 ,leyd51 & beyond ! walls1 g>d5s1 & fields1 & ! mill :]e ,rembr&t1 because he once drew a mill1 0 suppos$ to h be5 born4 ,b !re 0 no reason = ,neeltj5 to move f a com=table h\se 9 t[n into su* ru/ic qu>t]s1 & x is m likely t ,rembr&t's bir?place 0 ! h\se po9t$ out 9 ! ,norde9de ,/reet4 ,a comm]cial c>e] _h be5 *os5 = 8 f\r old] bro!rs4 ,b ,h>m51 8 means all[+ ! luxury1 decid$ to make ( 8 fif? son a man ( lett]s & le>n+1 & ,rembr&t 0 s5t to ! ,univ]sity ( ,leyd54 ,t lett]s1 h[ev]1 _h small *>m = him1 0 cle> f ! fir/4 ,bett] ?an 8 books he lov$ ! engrav+s ( ,swan5bur*1 bett] /ill1 ! pictures ( ,lucas van ,leyd51 :i* he c\ld look at to 8 he>t's cont5t on gala days1 :5 ! ,t[n ,hall1 :]e !y hung1 0 ?r[n op5 to ! public4 ,8 h\rs ( /udy 7 less pr(itable ?an 8 h\rs ( recreation :5 he rambl$ 9 ! c\ntry1 ?r\gh 8 fa!r's e/ate1 &1 sometimes z f> z ! sea1 a sket*-book1 ! *ances are1 = sole companion4 ,c]ta9ly1 by ! "t he 0 fifte51 s /rong 7 ! pro(s ( 8 indiff]5ce to ! classics & 8 love = art1 t 8 fa!r1 sacrific+ 8 own ambitions1 all[$ ,rembr&t to leave ! univ]sity = ! /udio ( ,van ,swan5bur*4 ,f ?is day =?1 8 life's hi/ory is told 9 ! s+le ^w--"w2 8 inde$ 0 ! g5ius ( indu/ry4 ,van ,swan5bur* _h /udi$ 9 ,italy2 b 8 own pa9t+1 to judge by ! few examples /ill 9 exi/5ce1 0 entirely commonplace4 ,?ree ye>s 7 m ?an en\gh to be pass$ "u 8 tuition4 ,at ! end ( ! ?ird1 ,rembr&t w5t to ,am/]dam1 & !re ent]$ ! /udio ( ,la/man4 ,8 second ma/] also _h /udi$ 9 ,italy1 & also 0 a pa9t] ( m$iocre tal5t1 popul> 9 8 own times--! ,apelles ( ! day1 he 0 call$--b rememb]$ n[ *iefly because ( 8 relations to 8 pupil4 ,f ! fir/1 ,rembr&t1 ev5 if oblig$ to pa9t ! /ock subjects ( ! day1 0 det]m9$ to treat !m 9 8 own way1 & n to foll[ set =ms t happ5$ to be adopt$ 9 ! s*ools4 ,he us$ real m5 & wom5 = models1 & pa9t$ !m z he saw !m1 n z he 0 bidd5 to look at !m ?r\gh 8 tea*]'s spectacles4 ,9 six mon?s he _h le>n$ at lea/ "o ?+1 t ,la/man _h no?+ m to tea* him4 ,! man ( g5ius mu/ ev] be 8 own ma/]1 ?\gh he rema9 ! h>d-work+ /ud5t all 8 days4 ,back to ,leyd5 & to 8 fa!r's h\se1 ,rembr&t _h n return$ to lead a life ( idl5ess4 ,he work$ trem5d\sly 9 ^! e>ly ye>s4 ,ev5 ne$$ models he f\nd 9 ! memb]s ( 8 family2 he has made ! face ( 8 "m z famili> z t ( a fri5d2 8 own1 ) ! heavy features1 ! ?ick1 bu%y hair1 ! small intellig5t eyes1 betwe5 !m ! v]tical l9e1 fa/ deep5+ on ! f9e =ehead1 he drew & et*$ & pa9t$1 aga9 & aga94 ,m elaborate compositions he also und]took4 ,z 9 8 maturity1 x 0 to ! ,bible he turn$ = sugge/ions3 ,sa9t ,paul 9 prison1 ,samson & ,delilah1 ! ,pres5tation 9 ! ,temple--^! 7 ! !mes !n 9 vogue :i* he pref]r$1 r5d]+ !m ) ! realism :i* di/+ui%$ 8 lat]1 m fam\s ,samsons & ,abrahams & ,*ri/s1 mak+ !m ! motive = a f9e arrangem5t ( color1 = a /rik+ /udy ( light & %ad[4 ,a pleasant picture "o c fancy ( 8 life at ?is p]iod2 he 0 ) 8 own p1 = :om 8 love 0 t5d]2 busy ) bru%1 p5cil1 & et*+-ne$le2 he 0 /r5g!n+ 8 p[]s ( obs]vation1 develop+ & p]fect+ 8 /yle1 occasionally produc+ "w t won = him r5[n 9 ,leyd52 &1 gradually1 he ga!r$ r\nd him a small gr\p ( e>ne/ fell[-work]s1 *ief among !m ,liev5s1 ,g]>d ,d\1 & ,van ,vliet1 ! la/ two1 ?\gh b slightly 8 juniors1 look+ up to him z ma/]4 ,^! 7 ! ye>s ( 8 true appr5tice%ip4 ,leyd51 h[ev]1 0 n ! be/ place = a "y pa9t] :o _h 8 =tunes to make4 ,x 0 ess5tially a univ]sity t[n2 int]e/ 0 conc5trat$ ^u lett]s2 art 0 b ( second>y consid]ation4 ,x 0 diff]5t 9 ,am/]dam1 ! great comm]cial c5tre ( ,holl&4 ,!re1 all 0 life & activity & progress2 !re1 0 money to be sp5t1 & ! lib]al patron will+ to lavi% x ^u ! arti/4 ,holl& j !n 0 9 ! fir/ flu% ( prosp]ity & patriotism1 foll[+ ^u h] virtual indep5d5ce f ,spa94 ,n a citiz5 b gl[$ ) self-respect at ! ?\ght ( ! victory he _h1 9 "o way or ano!r1 help$ to w92 ! /ate1 z repres5t$ by ! good burgh]s1 0 supreme 9 e man's m9d4 ,x 0 natural t individuals & corporations alike %\ld seek to immortalize _! greatness by means ( ! pa9t]'s art1 :i*1 9 ,holl&1 _h long s9ce ceas$ to be a monopoly ( ! *ur*4 ,h5ce ! age became ess5tially "o ( portrait-pa9t+4 ,_m 7 ! pa9t]s ^: portraits _h already a*iev$ di/9ction4 ,de ,keys] 0 busy 9 ,am/]dam2 a f> great] g5ius1 ,franz ,hals1 b fifte5 ye>s ,rembr&t's s5ior1 0 creat+ 8 ma/]pieces 9 ,! ,hague & ,h>lem4 ,x 0 z inevitable t ,rembr&t %\ld turn to portraiture1 z t he %\ld f9d commissions less num]\s 9 ,leyd5 ?an 9 ,am/]dam4 ,(t5 9 ! latt] t[n 8 s]vices 7 requir$2 s (t51 inde$1 t at la/1 ab\t #afca1 :5 he 0 j tw5ty-five1 he settl$ !re p]man5tly & set up a /udio ( 8 own4 ,success 0 8 f ! />t4 ,sitt] aft] sitt] s\ght him out 9 8 h\se on ! ,bloemgra*t2 ! mo/ di/+ui%$ m5 9 ! t[n ha/5$ to patronize him4 ,8 "w 0 lik$ by ! burgh]s :om he pa9t$1 its /r5g? 0 felt by arti/s1 ^: canvases soon %[$ its influ5ce4 ,admir]s cr[d$ to 8 /udio4 ,he _h n be5 9 ,am/]dam a twelvemon? :51 be=e he 0 yet tw5ty-six1 he 0 entru/$ ) an ord] ( m ?an usual importance4 ,?is 0 ! portrait ( ,dr4 ,tulp & 8 class ( surgeons3 ! fam\s ,lesson 9 ,anatomy n[ 9 ! ,gall]y at ,! ,hague4 ,! subject at ! "t 0 v popul>4 ,_m arti/s1 ,de ,keys] among o!rs1 _h already1 9 pa9t+ prom95t surgeons1 plac$ !m ar\nd ! subject !y 7 dissect+2 inde$1 ?is 0 ! arrangem5t insi/$ ^u by ! surgeons !mselves1 &1 z !re seems to h be5 no limit to _! vanity1 ,lessons 9 ,anatomy 7 almo/ z pl5tiful 9 ,holl& z ,madonnas 9 ,umbria4 ,rembr&t 9 8 composition 0 simply adh]+ to accept$ tradition4 ,x is true t he in/ill$ life into a gr\p hi!rto1 on o!r pa9t]s' canvases1 /iff & p]functory2 b1 ?\gh ! picture 0 a wond]ful production = a man ( 8 ye>s1 x is n to be rank$ ) 8 greate/ "w4 ,commissions n[ p\r$ 9 /ill fa/]4 ,x 0 at ?is "t he pa9t$ sev]al ( 8 be/ kn[n portraits3 ! ,ma/] ,%ipbuild] & 8 ,wife1 at pres5t 9 ,buck+ham ,palace2 t simply m>vell\s old woman at ! ,national ,gall]y 9 ,london1 made famili> to ev]yone by c\ntless photographs & o!r reproductions2 ! man 9 ruff & woman 9 coif at ! ,brunswick ,museum2 & a score ( o!rs sc>ce less important4 ,) increas+ popul>ity1 he 0 able to comm& 8 own prices1 s t only a "p ( 8 "t 0 x necess>y = him to devote to ! portraits :i* 7 8 *ief s\rce ( income4 ,dur+ ! leisure he res]v$1 he pa9t$ biblical subjects1 ev] 8 delight1 & made et*+s & draw+s1 today ! mo/ priz$ treasures 9 ! _w's great gall]ies4 ,z 9 ,leyd51 he drew ab\t him /ud5ts2 a few1 notably ,f]d9& ,bol & ,*ri/ophe ,paudiss1 de/9$1 9 _! turn1 to ga9 "n & fame4 ,indiff]5t to social claims & honors--an indiff]5ce ! burgh]s1 8 patrons1 f\nd x h>d to =give1 8 "o amusem5t 0 9 collect+ pictures & engrav+s1 old /uffs & jewels1 & e k9d ( bric--brac1 until 8 h\se 9 ,am/]dam 0 a v]itable museum4 ,?is amusem5t lat] 0 to co/ him de>4 ,f\r ye>s aft] ! ,lesson 9 ,anatomy 0 pa9t$1 :5 he 0 at ! height ( prosp]ity1 9 #afcd1 he m>ri$ ,saskia van ,uyl5bor*1 ! ,saskia ( s _m an et*+ & picture4 ,%e 0 ( a good ,frisian family1 & br\ght ) h] a d[ry ( no mean proportions4 ,rembr&t's m>riage made small *anges 9 8 way ( liv+4 ,into ! society1 s ready to receive him1 he nev] w5t1 n ev5 n[ t he _h a wife to introduce4 ,x bor$ him1 & he 0 no toady to wa/e 8 "t fawn+ ^u possible patrons4 ,:5 ,i desire to re/ my _s1 ,i d n seek honors1 b lib]ty1 0 8 explanation4 ,! companion%ip ( arti/s he always welcom$2 sometimes he visit$ ! humbl] burgh]s1 ^: ways 7 z simple z 8 own2 sometimes he s\ght ! humble/ classes ( all1 because ( _! picturesqu5ess1 & 8 contempor>ies took him to task = 8 p]v]t$ ta/e = l[ company4 ,! tru? is t always he devot$ himself solely & :olly to 8 art2 ! only diff]5ce1 once he 0 m>ri$1 0 t1 :5 he sat at 8 easel all day or ov] 8 copp]plate1 & sket*book all ev5+1 ,saskia 0 ) him4 ,%e %>$ all 8 int]e/s1 all 8 ambitions2 %e _h no w b 84 ,dur+ 8 work+ h\rs1 %e 0 8 model1 ob$i5t to 8 call4 ,%e nev] tir$ ( pos+ = him1 nor he ( pa9t+ h] n[ simply z ,saskia1 n[ z ,delilah fea/+ ) ,samson1 z ,susanna surpris$ by ! ,eld]s1 z ! ,jewi% ,betro!d at h] toilet4 ,sometimes he repres5t$ h] alone1 sometimes ) himself at h] side2 once1 9 ! fam\s ,dresd5 portrait1 on 8 knee1 z if to proclaim ! love !y bore = "o ano!r4 ,& he1 :o c\ld r5d] fai?fully ! ways ( ! begg>1 ! au/]e black ( ! burgh]1 = himself & ,saskia f\nd no masqu]ad+ too gay or extravagant4 ,9 inv5t+ co/umes = _! own portraits1 he gave 8 exub]ant fancy free play3 9 gorge\s embroid]$ robes1 wav+ plumes1 & priceless gems !y array$ !mselves1 until ev5 ! res\rces ( 8 collection 7 exhau/$3 ! same ri* mantle1 ! same jewels appe>1 & reappe> 9 picture aft] picture4 ,rembr&t's %ort m>ri$ ye>s 7 happy1 ?\gh n )\t _! sorr[s4 ,( ,saskia's five *ildr51 f\r di$ 9 infancy2 ! fif?1 ,titus1 0 n a ye> old :51 9 #afdb1 ! end came = ,saskia1 & ,rembr&t1 :o _h j rea*$ 8 ?irty-sev5? ye>1 0 left 9 8 great h\se alone ) an infant son & 8 pupils4 ,h] confid5ce 9 him is %[n by h] w1 9 :i* ! inh]itance ( ,titus is left 9 ! fa!r's *>ge1 ?\gh already ,rembr&t's affairs mu/ h giv5 signs ( com+ complications4 ,illu/ration3 ,connoisseurs at ,rembr&t's ,/udio4 ,mu* ( 8 be/ "w rema9$ to be done1 b aft] ,saskia's dea? 8 worldly =tunes & 8 popul>ity nev] aga9 t\*$ su* high-wat] m>k4 ,! reason = ?is is n f> to seek4 ,dur+ all ^! ye>s1 ,rembr&t's p[]s _h matur$1 8 me?ods broad5$1 & 8 individuality /r5g!n$4 ,) ea* new canvas1 8 orig9ality became m conspicu\s4 ,x 0 n only t ! _w ( nature1 & n imag9ation1 suppli$ 8 models4 ,_m ( ! ,dut* pa9t]s n[ 7 no less reali/s ?an he4 ,x 0 n only t he solv$ c]ta9 problems ( *i>o oscuro1 !re 7 m51 l ,liev5s1 :o 7 z eag] z he 9 ! /udy ( light & %ad[4 ,b ,rembr&t br\ght to 8 e exp]im5t an indep5d5ce t />tl$ ! av]age man4 ,he pa9t$ well because he saw well4 ,if no "o else saw ?+s z he did1 ! loss 0 !irs4 ,b he paid = 8 ke5] vision2 because he did n pa9t l o!r arti/s1 8 me?ods 7 mi/ru/$4 ,to be misund]/ood is ! p5alty ( g5ius4 ,! picture :i*1 ( all 8 "w1 is n[ ! mo/ fam\s1 m>ks ! turn 9 ! tide ( 8 affairs4 ,%ortly be=e ,saskia's dea?1 he _h be5 commission$ to pa9t a portrait gr\p ( ,bann+ ,cock & ! milit>y company :i* he comm&$4 ,^! portrait gr\ps ( ! milit>y corporations rivall$ 9 popul>ity ! ,lessons 9 ,anatomy4 ,ea* memb]1 or (fic]1 paid to be includ$ 9 ! composition1 &1 z a rule1 a /iff1 =mal picture1 ) ea* individual pos$ z = a photograph1 0 ! result4 ,rembr&t1 app>5tly1 0 9 n[ise re/rict$ :5 he und]took ! "w = ,bann+ ,cock1 & s1 in/ead ( ! /upid1 hackney$ arrangem5t1 he made ( ! portrait ( ! company a picture ( arm$ m5 m>*+ =? to beat+ ( drums & wav+ ( bann]s1 ,! ,night ,wat*1 z x mu/ ev] be kn[n--m accurately1 ,! ,sortie ( ! ,company ( ,bann+ ,cock--n[ 9 ! ,ryks ,museum ( ,am/]dam4 ,) ! m5 = :om x 0 pa9t$1 x prov$ a failure4 ,! gr\p+1 ! arrangem5t displeas$ !m4 ,_m ( ! company 7 left 9 deep %ad[1 :i* 0 n ! privilege = :i* !y _h agre$ to pay good money4 ,rembr&t 0 n ! man to compromise4 ,aft] ?is _m burgh]s1 :o c>$ mu* = !mselves & _! own faces1 & n 9 ! lea/ = art1 7 afraid to entru/ _! portraits to him le/ _! importance might be sacrific$ to ! pa9t]'s effects4 ,c]ta9 x is t six ye>s lat]1 9 #afdh1 :5 ! indep5d5ce ( ,holl& 0 =mally recogniz$ at ! ,congress ( ,we/phalia1 ?\gh ,t]burg & ,van d] ,hei/ celebrat$ ! ev5t on canvas1 ,rembr&t's s]vices 7 n secur$4 ,good fri5ds 7 left to him--m5 ( intellig5ce :o appreciat$ 8 /rong individuality & ! great orig9ality ( 8 "w4 ,bann+ ,cock himself 0 n among ! discont5t$4 ,a few lead+ citiz5s1 l ,dr4 ,tulp & ! ,burgomei/] ,six1 7 ev] 8 devot$ patrons4 ,arti/s /ill ga!r$ ab\t him2 pupils /ill cr[d$ to 8 /udio2 ,nicolas ,maes1 ,de ,geld]1 ,knell] among !m4 ,_m ( 8 f9e/ portraits--^? ( ,h5drickje ,/(fels1 ( 8 son1 ( himself 9 8 old age1 ( ! ,burgomei/] ,six1 above all1 8 ma/]piece1 ,! ,syndics ( ! ,guild ( ,clo?mak]s1 n[ 9 ,am/]dam2 _m ( 8 f9e/ et*+s1 ! little l&scapes1 ! fam\s ,hundr$ ,guild] ,pr9t1 ,*ri/ ,heal+ ! ,sick1 belong to ?is lat] p]iod4 ,!re 0 no fall+ (f1 b r an increase1 9 8 p[]s1 despite ! cl\ds t d>k5$ 8 ye>s ( middle age4 ,( ^! cl\ds1 ! d>ke/ 0 due to 8 f9ancial tr\bles4 ,rembr&t _h made l>ge sums ( money2 ,saskia's d[ry _h be5 by no means small4 ,b he also sp5t lavi%ly4 ,he _h absolutely no bus9ess capacity4 ,once he 0 accus$ ( mis]l9ess2 t he w\ld at times lun* on dry bread & a h]r+ s]v$ z reproa* aga9/ him2 !re 0 a /ory curr5t t 8 pupils w\ld drop bits ( pap] pa9t$ to look l money 9 ord] to see him /oop to pick !m up4 ,bo? *>ges are too fooli% to answ] s]i\sly4 ,:5 he 0 at "w1 x matt]$ little to him :at he ate1 s t he 0 n di/urb$2 :o w\ld n /oop to pick up co9s app>5tly scatt]$ on ! floor8 ,! money he devot$ to 8 collection is suffici5t to %[ h[ small a fancy he _h = ho>d+2 ^u x a pr9cely =tune _h be5 squ&]$4 ,to 8 own p 9 ,leyd51 :5 times 7 h>d1 he _h n be5 sl[ to hold out a g5]\s h&4 ,x 0 because he 0 n en\gh ( a mis]1 because he gave too little he$ to bus9ess matt]s1 t difficulties at l5g? ov]:elm$ him4 ,x is too sad a /ory to tell 9 detail4 ,p]haps ! beg9n+ 0 :5 he b\ght a h\se = :i* he _h n ! ready money to pay1 & borr[$ a l>ge sum = ! purpose4 ,m & m involv$ became 8 affairs4 ,9 "t 8 cr$itors grew clamor\s1 & at l5g? ! bl[ fell :51 9 #afeg1 he 0 decl>$ bankrupt4 ,! collection ( ye>s1 ! embroid]$ mantles & drap]ies1 ! jewels ) :i* ,saskia _h be5 s gayly deck$1 ! plumes & furs & gorge\s robes 9 :i* he himself _h masqu]ad$1 ! armor & plate1 ! engrav+s & pictures :i* _h fill$ 8 h\se--all 7 sold4 ,he1 ! ma/]1 _h1 at ! age ( fifty-"o1 to beg9 life anew z if he 7 /ill b ! appr5tice4 ,9 ! mid/ ( 8 tr\bles & losses1 ,h5drickje ,/(fels1 ^: portrait hangs 9 ! ,l\vre1 0 ! fri5d :o *e]$ & com=t$ him4 ,%e _h be5 8 s]vant2 aft]w>d %e liv$ ) him z 8 wife1 ?\gh legally !y 7 n m>ri$4 ,to ,titus1 z to h] own *ildr51 %e 0 ev] a t5d] "m1 & ,titus1 9 return1 seems to h lov$ h] no less well4 ,9 ! end1 !y toge!r took ,rembr&t's bus9ess int]e/s into _! own h&s1 ! son1 probably1 us+ 8 inh]itance 9 ! ent]prise4 ,r5t+ a h\se 9 _! own "n1 !y became 8 pr9t & picture deal]s4 ,b z "t w5t on1 ,rembr&t's "w br\ght l[] & l[] prices1 & he1 himself1 ! la/ two ye>s ( 8 life1 0 almo/ =gott54 ,?\gh he /ill liv$ 9 ,am/]dam1 ! t[n f :i* he _h s seldom j\rney$1 & !n nev] f>1 he _h fall5 into su* obscurity1 t report n[ e/abli%$ him 9 ,/ockholm z pa9t] to ! ,k+ ( ,sw$51 n[ 9 ,hull1 or ,y>m\?4 ,9 8 own family no?+ b sorr[ 0 9 /ore = him4 ,h5drickje di$1 probably ab\t #affd1 & he 0 once m alone2 & next he lo/ ,titus1 :o !n _h be5 m>ri$ b a few %ort mon?s4 ,=tunately = ,rembr&t1 he did n long survive !m4 ,9 #affi1 at ! age ( sixty-two1 8 release came4 ,he 0 buri$ 9 ! ,we/ ,*ur*1 quietly & simply4 ,?irte5 flor9s 8 fun]al co/1 & ev5 ?is small exp5se _h to be met by 8 daught]-9-law4 ,:5 an inv5tory ( 8 possessions 0 tak51 ^! 7 f\nd to consi/ ( no?+ b 8 own w>drobe & 8 pa9t]'s tools4 ,b bett] ?an a m]e =tune1 8 "w he left z an heirloom = all "t2 8 draw+s1 n ! lea/ among !m )\t ! /amp ( 8 g5ius2 8 pr9ts1 /ill unsurpass$1 ?\gh x 0 he :o fir/ develop$ ! possibilities ( et*+2 8 pictures1 pa9t$ ) light1 z ,from5t9 has said4 ,8 subjects he may h borr[$ f ! fa%ions & traditions ( ! "t2 c]ta9 mann]isms ( te*nique & arrangem5t 8 pupils may h copi$4 ,b = all t1 8 "w belongs to no special s*ool or gr\p2 l all ! _w's great ma/]pieces1 :e!r produc$ 9 ,spa9 by a ,velasquez1 9 ,v5ice by a ,titian1 9 ,engl& by a ,:i/l]1 x /&s alone & supreme4 ,signature ( ! au?or4 ,,william ,,hog>? 7#afig-agfd7 ,illu/ration3 ,william ,hog>?4 ,i 0 born1 says ,hog>?1 9 8 ,memoirs ( himself1 9 ! city ( ,london1 ,novemb] #aj1 #afig4 ,my fa!r's p51 l t ( _m au?ors1 did n enable him to d m ?an put me 9 a way ( %ift+ = myself4 ,z ,i _h naturally a good eye & a fondness = draw+1 %[s ( all sorts gave me uncommon pleasure :5 an infant2 & mimicry1 common to all *ildr51 0 rem>kable 9 me4 ,an e>ly access to a neighbor+ pa9t] drew my att5tion f play1 & ,i 01 at e possible opportunity1 employ$ 9 mak+ draw+s4 ,i pick$ up an acqua9tance ( ! same turn1 & soon le>n$ to draw ! alphabet ) great correctness4 ,my ex]cises :5 at s*ool 7 m rem>kable = ! ornam5ts :i* adorn$ !m ?an = ! ex]cise itself4 ,9 ! =m] ,i soon f\nd t blockheads ) bett] memories c\ld mu* surpass me1 b = ! latt] ,i 0 p>ticul>ly di/+ui%$4 ,to ?is acc\nt ( ,hog>?'s *ildhood we h only to add t 8 fa!r1 an en?usia/ic & labori\s s*ol>1 :o1 l _m ( 8 craft1 ow$ little to ! favor ( =tune1 consult$ ^! indications ( tal5t z well z 8 means w\ld all[1 & b\nd 8 son appr5tice to a silv]-plate engrav]4 ,b ,hog>? aspir$ aft] some?+ high] ?an draw+ ciph]s & coats-(-arms2 & be=e ! expiration ( 8 ind5tures he _h made himself a good draughtsman1 & obta9$ consid]able k ( color+4 ,x 0 8 ambition to become di/+ui%$ z an arti/2 & n cont5t ) be+ ! m]e copi] ( o!r m5's productions1 he s\ght to comb9e ! functions ( ! pa9t] ) ^? ( ! engrav]1 & to ga9 ! p[] ( del9eat+ 8 own ideas & ! fruits ( 8 acute obs]vation4 ,he has himself expla9$ ! nature ( 8 views 9 a passage :i* is wor? att5tion3 ,_m reasons l$ me to wi% t ,i c\ld f9d ! %ort] pa?--fix =ms & *>act]s 9 my m9d--& in/ead ( copy+ ! l9es1 try to read ! language1 &1 if possible1 f9d ! gramm> ( ! art by br++ into "o focus ! v>i\s obs]vations ,i h made1 & !n try+ by my p[] on ! canvas h[ f> my plan enabl$ me to comb9e & apply !m to practice4 ,= ?is purpose ,i consid]$ :at v>i\s ways1 & to :at diff]5t purposes1 ! memory might be appli$1 & fell ^u "o mo/ suitable to my situation & idle disposition2 lay+ x d[n fir/ z an axiom1 t he :o c\ld by any means acquire & reta9 9 8 memory p]fect ideas ( ! subjects he meant to draw1 w\ld h z cle> a k ( ! figure z a man :o c write freely ha? ( ! tw5ty-five lett]s ( ! alphabet & _! inf9ite comb9ations4 ,act+ on ^! pr9ciples1 he improv$1 by con/ant ex]cise1 8 natural p[]s ( obs]vation & recollection4 ,we f9d him roam+ ?r\gh ! c\ntry1 n[ at ,y>m\? & aga9 at ,que5bor\gh1 sket*+ ev]y:]e4 ,9 8 rambles among ! motley sc5es ( ,london he 0 ev] on ! wat* = /rik+ features or incid5ts2 & n tru/+ entirely to memory1 he 0 accu/om$1 :5 any face /ruck him z be+ peculi>ly grotesque or expressive1 to sket* x on 8 ?umb-nail1 to be treasur$ up on pap] at 8 return home4 ,= "s "t aft] ! expiration ( 8 appr5tice%ip1 ,hog>? cont9u$ to practise ! trade to :i* he 0 br$2 & 8 %op-bills1 coats-(-arms1 engrav+s ^u tank>ds1 etc41 h be5 collect$ ) an eag]ness q disproportionate to _! value4 ,soon he procur$ employm5t 9 furni%+ frontispieces & designs = ! booksell]s4 ,! mo/ rem>kable ( ^! are ! plates to an edition ( ,hudibras1 publi%$ 9 #agbf2 b ev5 ^! are ( no di/+ui%$ m]it4 ,ab\t #agbh he began to seek employm5t z a portrait-pa9t]4 ,mo/ ( 8 p]=mances 7 small family pictures1 conta9+ sev]al figures1 :i* he calls ,conv]sation ,pieces1 f twelve to fifte5 in*es high4 ,^! = a "t 7 v popul>1 & 8 practice 0 consid]able1 z 8 price 0 l[4 ,8 life-size portraits are few2 ! mo/ rem>kable are t ( ,capta9 ,coram1 9 ! ,f\ndl+ ,hospital1 & t ( ,g>rick z ,k+ ,ri*>d ,,iii41 :i* is reproduc$ 9 ! pres5t volume4 ,b 8 practice z a portrait-pa9t] 0 n lucrative1 nor 8 popul>ity la/+4 ,al?\gh _m ( 8 lik5esses 7 /rong & *>act]i/ic1 9 ! repres5tation ( beauty1 elegance1 & high-bre$+ he 0 little skill$4 ,! nature ( ! arti/ 0 z unc\rtly z 8 p5cil4 ,:5 ,hog>? obta9$ employm5t & em95ce ( ano!r sort ?r\gh 8 wond]ful pr9ts1 he ab&on$ portrait-pa9t+1 ) a gr[l at ! jeal\sy ( 8 pr(essional bre?r52 & ! vanity & bl9dness ( ! public4 ,m>* #be1 #agbi1 ,hog>? contract$ a /ol5 m>riage ) ! only daught] ( ! once fa%ionable pa9t]1 ,sir ,james ,?ornhill4 ,! fa!r1 = "s "t implacable1 rel5t$ at la/2 & ! reconciliation1 x is said1 0 mu* =w>d$ by 8 admiration ( ! ,h>lot's ,progress1 a s]ies ( six pr9ts1 comm5c$ 9 #agca & publi%$ 9 #agcd4 ,! novelty z well z m]it ( ?is s]ies ( pr9ts won = !m extraord9>y popul>ity2 & _! success enc\rag$ ,hog>? to und]take a simil> hi/ory ( ! ,rake's ,progress1 9 eight pr9ts1 :i* appe>$ 9 #agce4 ,! ?ird1 & p]haps ! mo/ popul>1 z x is ! lea/ objectionable ( ^! pictorial novels1 ,m>riage la ,mode1 0 n engrav$ till #agde4 ,illu/ration3 ,hog>? ,sket*+ ! ,highway ( ,que5bor\gh4 ,! m]its ( ^! pr9ts 7 suffici5tly intelligible to ! public3 _! orig9ality & boldness ( design1 ! =ce & fre$om ( _! execution1 r\gh z x is1 won = !m an ext5sive popul>ity & a rapid & cont9u$ sale4 ,! ,h>lot's ,progress 0 ! mo/ em95tly successful1 f its novelty r ?an f its sup]ior excell5ce4 ,twelve hundr$ subscrib]s' names 7 ent]$ = x2 x 0 dramatiz$ 9 sev]al =ms2 & we may note1 9 illu/ration ( ! diff]5ce ( pa/ & pres5t mann]s1 t fan-m\nts 7 engrav$ conta9+ m9iature copies ( ! six plates4 ,! m]its ( ! pictures 7 less obvi\s to ! few :o c\ld af=d to sp5d l>ge sums on works ( art1 & ,hog>?1 too pr\d to let !m g = prices mu* bel[ ! value :i* he put ^u !m1 wait$ = a long "t1 & wait$ 9 va91 = a pur*as]4 ,at la/ he det]m9$ to commit !m to public sale2 b in/ead ( ! common me?od ( auction1 he devis$ a new & complex plan ) ! int5tion ( exclud+ picture-deal]s1 & oblig+ m5 ( rank & weal? :o wi%$ to pur*ase to judge & bid = !mselves4 ,! s*eme fail$1 z might h be5 expect$4 ,n9ete5 ( ,hog>?'s be/ pictures1 ! ,h>lot's ,progress1 ! ,rake's ,progress1 ! ,f\r ,times ( ! ,day1 & ,/roll+ ,actresses ,dress+ 9 a ,b>n produc$ only #dbg #gs41 n av]ag+ #bb #ajs4 ea*4 ,! ,h>lot's ,progress 0 pur*as$ by ,mr4 ,beck=d at ! rate ( f\rte5 gu9eas a picture2 five ( ! s]ies p]i%$ 9 ! fire at ,fon?ill4 ,! ,rake's ,progress av]ag$ tw5ty-two gu9eas a picture2 x has pass$ into ! possession ( ,sir ,john ,soane1 at ! advanc$ price ( five hundr$ & sev5ty gu9eas4 ,! same em95t ar*itect became ! proprietor ( ! f\r pictures ( an ,election = ! sum ( #a1gcb4 ,m>riage la ,mode 0 dispos$ ( 9 a simil> way 9 #agej2 & on ! day ( ! sale "o bidd] appe>$1 :o became ma/] ( ! six pictures1 toge!r ) _! frames1 = #aae #ajs4 ,mr4 ,ang]/e9 pur*as$ !m1 9 #agig1 = #a1cha1 & !y n[ =m a /rik+ feature 9 ! ,national ,gall]y4 ,! satire ( ,hog>? 0 n (t5 ( a p]sonal nature2 b he knew 8 own p[]1 & he sometimes ex]cis$ x4 ,two ( 8 pr9ts1 ,! ,times1 produc$ a memorable qu>rel betwe5 himself1 on "o side1 & ,wilkes & ,*ur*hill1 on ! o!r4 ,! satire ( ! pr9ts ( ,! ,times1 :i* 7 publi%$ 9 #agfb1 0 direct$1 n aga9/ ,wilkes himself1 b 8 political fri5ds1 ,pitt & ,temple2 nor is x s bit+ z to h requir$ ,wilkes1 9 def5ce ( 8 p>ty1 to retaliate ^u "o ) :om he _h liv$ 9 famili> & fri5dly int]c\rse4 ,he did s1 h[ev]1 9 a numb] ( ! ,nor? ,briton1 conta9+ n only abuse ( ! arti/1 b unju/ & injuri\s m5tion ( 8 wife4 ,hog>? 0 deeply w\nd$ by ?is attack2 he retort$ by ! well-kn[n portrait ( ,wilkes ) ! cap ( lib]ty1 & he aft]w>d repres5t$ ,*ur*ill z a be>4 ,! qu>rel 0 unwor?y ! tal5ts ei!r ( ! pa9t] or poet4 ,x is m to be regrett$ because its effects1 z he himself intimates1 7 injuri\s to ,hog>?'s decl9+ heal?4 ,! summ] ( #agfd he sp5t at ,*iswick1 & ! free air & ex]cise work$ a p>tial r5ovation ( 8 /r5g?4 ,! am5dm5t1 h[ev]1 0 b tempor>y1 & he di$ sudd5ly1 ,octob] #bf?1 ! day aft] 8 return to 8 ,london resid5ce 9 ,leice/] ,squ>e4 ,,sir ,,jo%ua ,,reynolds ,by ,,samuel ,,ar*] 7#agbc-agib7 ,illu/ration3 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 ! celebrat$ pa9t]1 01 on ,july #af1 #agbc1 born at ,plympton1 a small t[n 9 ,devon%ire1 ,engl&4 ,8 fa!r 0 a m9i/] ( ! p>i%1 & also ma/] ( ! gramm> s*ool2 & be+ a man ( le>n+ & philan?ropy1 he 0 belov$ & respect$ by all to :om he 0 kn[n4 ,su* a man1 x w naturally be suppos$1 0 assidu\s 9 ! cultivation ( ! m9ds ( 8 *ildr51 among :om 8 son ,jo%ua %one conspicu\s1 by display+ at a v e>ly p]iod a sup]iority ( g5ius & ! rudim5ts ( a correct ta/e4 ,unlike o!r boys1 :o g5]ally cont5t !mselves ) giv+ a lit]al explanation ( _! au?or1 reg>dless ( 8 beauties or 8 faults1 "y ,reynolds att5d$ to bo? ^!1 display+ a happy k ( :at he read1 & ent]+ ) ardor into ! _s ( 8 au?or4 ,he discov]$ likewise tal5ts = composition1 & a natural prop5sity to draw+1 9 :i* 8 fri5ds & intimates ?\ght him qualifi$ to excel4 ,emulation 0 a di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ic ( 8 m9d1 :i* 8 fa!r p]ceiv$ ) ! delight natural to a p>5t2 & design+ him = ! *ur*1 9 :i* he hop$ t 8 tal5ts might raise him to em95ce1 he s5t him to "o ( ! univ]sities4 ,soon aft] ?is p]iod he grew passionately fond ( pa9t+2 & by ! p]usal ( ,ri*>dson's !ory ( t art 0 det]m9$ to make x 8 pr(ession ?r\gh life4 ,at 8 own e>ne/ reque/1 !re=e1 he 0 remov$ to ,london2 & ab\t ! ye> #agdb became a pupil to ,mr4 ,hudson1 :o1 ?\gh n himself an em95t pa9t]1 0 preceptor to _m :o aft]w>d excell$ 9 ! art4 ,"o ( ! fir/ advices :i* he gave to ,mr4 ,reynolds 0 to copy c>efully ,gu]c9o's draw+s4 ,?is 0 done ) su* skill1 t _m ( ! copies are said to be n[ pres]v$ 9 ! cab9ets ( ! curi\s z ! orig9als ( t v great ma/]4 ,ab\t ! ye> #agdi1 ,mr4 ,reynolds w5t to ,italy "u ! auspices1 & 9 ! company1 ( ! late ,"l 7!n ,commodore7 ,keppel1 :o 0 appo9t$ to ! comm& ( ! ,briti% squadron 9 ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,9 ?is g>d5 ( ! _w1 ?is magic seat ( arts1 he fail$ n to visit ! s*ools ( ! great ma/]s1 to /udy ! productions ( diff]5t ages1 & to contemplate ) unwe>i$ att5tion ! v>i\s beauties :i* are *>act]i/ic ( ea*4 ,8 labor "h1 z has be5 obs]v$ ( ano!r pa9t]1 0 ! labor ( love1 n ! task ( ! hirel+2 & h[ mu* he pr(it$ by x is kn[n to all ,europe4 ,hav+ rema9$ ab\t two ye>s 9 ,italy1 & /udi$ ! language z well z ! arts ( ! c\ntry ) great success1 he return$ to ,engl&1 improv$ by travel & ref9$ by education4 ,on ! road to ,london f ! port :]e he l&$1 he accid5tally f\nd 9 ! inn :]e he lodg$ ,johnson's life ( ,savage1 & 0 s tak5 ) ! *>ms ( composition1 & ! ma/]ly del9eation ( "* display$ 9 t "w1 t1 hav+ begun to read x :ile lean+ 8 arm on ! *imney-piece1 he cont9u$ 9 t attitude1 ins5sible ( pa9 till he 0 h>dly able to raise 8 h& to 8 head4 ,! admiration ( ! "w naturally l$ him to seek ! acqua9tance ( its au?or1 :o cont9u$ "o ( 8 s9c]e/ admir]s & w>me/ fri5ds till #aghd1 :5 !y 7 sep>at$ by ! /roke ( dea?4 ,! fir/ ?+ t di/+ui%$ him aft] 8 return to 8 native c\ntry 0 a full-l5g? portrait ( ,commodore ,keppel2 :i* 9 polite circles 0 spok5 ( 9 t]ms ( ! highe/ encomium1 & te/ifi$ to :at a degree ( em95ce he _h arriv$ 9 8 pr(ession4 ,?is 0 foll[$ by a portrait ( ,"l ,edgecombe1 & a few o!rs1 :i* at once introduc$ him to ! fir/ bus9ess 9 portrait-pa9t+2 & t bran* ( ! art he cultivat$ ) su* success z w =ev] e/abli% 8 fame ) all descriptions ( ref9$ society4 ,hav+ pa9t$ "s ( ! fir/-rate beauties ( ! age1 ! polite _w flock$ to see ! graces & ! *>ms ( 8 p5cil2 & he soon became ! mo/ fa%ionable pa9t] n only 9 ,engl&1 b 9 all ,europe4 ,he has inde$ pres]v$ ! resemblance ( s _m illu/ri\s *>act]s1 t we feel ! less regret at 8 hav+ left beh9d him s few hi/orical pa9t+s2 ?\gh :at he has done 9 t way %[s him to h be5 qualifi$ to excel 9 bo? dep>tm5ts4 ,! only l&scape1 p]haps1 :i* he ev] pa9t$1 except ^? beautiful & *a/e ones :i* compose ! backgr\nds ( _m ( 8 portraits1 is ,a ,view on ! ,?ames f ,ri*mond1 :i* 9 #aghd 0 exhibit$ by ! ,society = ,promot+ ,pa9t+ & ,design 9 ,liv]pool4 ,9 #agfd ,mr4 ,reynolds _h ! m]it ( be+ ! fir/ promot] ( t club1 :i*1 hav+ long exi/$ )\t a "n1 became at la/ di/+ui%$ by ! appellation ( ! ,lit]>y ,club4 ,^u ! f\ndation ( ! ,royal ,academy ( ,pa9t+1 ,sculpture1 & ,ar*itecture1 he 0 appo9t$ presid5t2 & 8 ackn[l$g$ excell5ce 9 8 pr(ession made ! appo9tm5t acceptable to all ! lov]s ( art4 ,to add to ! dignity ( ?is new in/itution1 8 maje/y conf]r$ on ! presid5t ! honor ( knigh?ood2 & ,sir ,jo%ua deliv]$ 8 fir/ disc\rse at ! op5+ ( ! ,academy1 on ,janu>y #b1 #agfi4 ,! m]it ( t disc\rse has be5 univ]sally admitt$ among pa9t]s2 b x conta9s "s directions1 respect+ ! prop] mode ( prosecut+ _! /udies1 to :i* e /ud5t ( e art w\ld d well to pay att5tion4 ,i w\ld *iefly recomm5d 7says he7 t an implicit ob$i5ce to ! rules ( art1 z e/abli%$ by ! practice ( ! great ma/]s1 %\ld be exact$ f ! "y /ud5ts4 ,t ^? models1 :i* h pass$ ?r\gh ! approbation ( ages1 %\ld be consid]$ by !m z p]fect & infallible guides1 z subjects = _! imitation1 n _! criticism4 ,i am confid5t t ?is is ! only efficaci\s me?od ( mak+ a progress 9 ! arts2 & t he :o sets out ) d\bt+ w f9d life f9i%$ be=e he becomes ma/] ( ! rudim5ts4 ,= x may be laid d[n z a maxim1 t he :o beg9s by presum+ on 8 own s5se1 has end$ 8 /udies z soon z he has comm5c$ !m4 ,e opportunity1 !re=e1 %\ld be tak5 to disc\nt5ance t false & vulg> op9ion1 t rules are ! fett]s ( g5ius4 ,!y are fett]s only to m5 ( no g5ius2 z t armor1 :i* ^u ! /rong becomes an ornam5t & a def5ce1 ^u ! weak & mis%ap5 turns into a load1 & cripples ! body :i* x 0 made to protect4 ,ea* succe$+ ye>1 on ! di/ribution ( ! prizes1 ,sir ,jo%ua deliv]$ to ! /ud5ts a disc\rse ( equal m]it ) ?is2 & p]haps we d n haz>d too mu* :5 we say1 t f ! :ole collect$1 ! lov]s ( belles-lettres & ! f9e arts w acquire ju/] notions ( :at is meant by ta/e 9 g5]al1 & bett] rules = acquir+ a correct ta/e1 ?an f ! multitude ( ^? volumes :i* h be5 pr(ess$ly writt5 on ! subject4 ,9 ! autumn ( #aghe he w5t to ,brussels1 :]e he exp5d$ ab\t #a1jjj on ! pur*ase ( pa9t+s :i*1 hav+ be5 tak5 f ! diff]5t mona/]ies & religi\s h\ses 9 ,fl&]s & ,g]many1 7 !n expos$ to sale by ! comm& ( ! ,emp]or ,joseph4 ,ga9sbor\gh & he _h engag$ to pa9t ea* o!r's portrait2 & ! canvas = bo? be+ actually /ret*$1 ,sir ,jo%ua gave "o sitt+ to 8 di/+ui%$ rival2 b to ! regret ( e admir] ( ! art1 ! unexpect$ dea? ( ! latt] prev5t$ all fur!r progress4 ,9 #agij he 0 anxi\sly desir\s to procure ! vacant pr(essor%ip ( p]spective 9 ! academy = ,mr4 ,bonomi1 an ,italian ar*itect2 b t arti/ n hav+ be5 yet elect$ an associate1 01 ( c\rse1 no academician1 & x became necess>y to raise him to ^? positions1 9 ord] to qualify him = be+ a pr(essor4 ,mr4 ,gilp9 be+ 8 competitor = ! associate%ip1 ! numb]s on ! ballot prov$ equal1 :5 ! presid5t1 on 8 ca/+ vote1 decid$ ! election 9 favor ( 8 fri5d1 :o 0 !reby advanc$ s f> t[>d ! pr(essor%ip4 ,soon aft] ?is1 an academic seat be+ vacant1 ,sir ,jo%ua ex]t$ all 8 influ5ce to obta9 x = ,mr4 ,bonomi2 b f9d+ himself out-vot$ by a majority ( two to "o1 he quitt$ ! *air ) great dissatisfaction1 & next day s5t to ! secret>y ( ! academy a =mal resignation ( ! (fice1 :i* = tw5ty-"o ye>s he _h fill$ ) honor to himself & to 8 c\ntry4 ,8 indignation1 h[ev]1 subsid+1 he suff]$ himself to be prevail$ ^u to return to ! *air1 :i*1 )9 a ye> & a half1 he 0 aga9 desir\s to quit = a bett] reason4 ,f9d+ a disease ( languor1 occasion$ by an enl>gem5t ( ! liv]1 to :i* he _h = "s "t be5 subject1 increase1 & daily expect+ a total loss ( sight1 he wrote a lett] to ! academy1 intimat+ 8 int5tion to resign ! (fice ( presid5t on acc\nt ( bodily infirmities1 :i* disabl$ him f execut+ ! duties ( x to 8 own satisfaction4 ,! academy receiv$ ?is intellig5ce ) ! respectful conc]n due to ! tal5ts & virtues ( _! presid5t1 & ei!r !n did ent]1 or design$ to ent]1 into a resolution honorable to all p>ties1 namely1 t a deputation f ! :ole body ( ! academy %\ld wait ^u him1 & in=m him ( _! wi%1 t ! au?ority & privileges ( ! (fice ( presid5t might be 8 dur+ 8 life1 decl>+ _! will+ness to p]mit ! p]=mance ( any ( its duties :i* might be irksome to him by a deputy4 ,f ?is p]iod ,sir ,jo%ua nev] pa9t$ m4 ,! la/ ef=t ( 8 p5cil 0 ! portrait ( ! honorable ,*>les ,james ,fox1 :i* 0 execut$ 9 8 be/ /yle1 & %[s t 8 fancy1 8 imag9ation1 & 8 o!r great p[]s 9 ! art :i* he pr(ess$1 rema9$ unabat$ to ! end ( 8 life4 ,:5 ! la/ t\*es 7 giv5 to ?is picture1 ,! h& ( ,reynolds fell1 to rise no m4 ,on ,?ursday1 ,febru>y #bc1 #agib1 ! _w 0 depriv$ ( ?is amiable man & excell5t arti/1 at ! age ( sixty-eight ye>s2 a man ?an :om no "o1 accord+ to ,johnson1 _h pass$ ?r\gh life ) m obs]vations ( m5 & mann]s4 ,! foll[+ "* ( him is said to be ! production ( ,mr4 ,burke3 ,8 illness 0 long1 b borne ) a mild & *e]ful =titude1 )\t ! lea/ mixture ( any?+ irritable or qu]ul\s1 agreeably to ! placid & ev5 t5or ( 8 :ole life4 ,he _h1 f ! beg9n+ ( 8 malady1 a di/9ct view ( 8 dissolution1 :i* he contemplat$ ) t entire composure :i* no?+ b ! innoc5ce1 integrity1 & usefulness ( 8 life1 & an unaffect$ submission to ! w ( ,provid5ce1 c\ld be/[4 ,9 ?is situation he _h e consolation f family t5d]ness1 :i* 8 t5d]ness to 8 family _h always m]it$4 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds 01 on v _m acc\nts1 "o ( ! mo/ memorable m5 ( 8 "t2 he 0 ! fir/ ,engli%man :o add$ ! praise ( ! elegant arts to ! o!r glories ( 8 c\ntry4 ,9 ta/e1 9 grace1 9 facility1 9 happy inv5tion1 & 9 ri*ness & h>mony ( color+1 he 0 equal to ! great ma/]s ( ! r5[n$ ages4 ,9 portrait he w5t beyond !m2 = he communicat$ to t bran* ( ! art 9 :i* ,engli% arti/s are ! mo/ engag$1 a v>iety1 a fancy1 & a dignity d]iv$ f ! high] bran*es1 :i* ev5 ^? :o pr(ess$ !m 9 a sup]ior mann] did n always pres]ve :5 !y del9eat$ individual nature4 ,8 portraits rem9d$ ! spectator ( ! inv5tion ( hi/ory & ! am5ity ( l&scape4 ,9 pa9t+ portraits he appe>s n to be rais$ ^u t plat=m1 b to desc5d to x f a high] sph]e4 ,8 pa9t+s illu/rate 8 lessons1 & 8 lessons seem to be d]iv$ f 8 pa9t+s4 ,he possess$ ! !ory z p]fectly z ! practice ( 8 art4 ,to be su* a pa9t]1 he 0 a pr(\nd & p5etrat+ philosoph]4 ,9 full happ9ess ( =eign & dome/ic fame1 admir$ by ! exp]t 9 art1 & by ! le>n$ 9 sci5ce1 c\rt$ by ! great1 c>ess$ by sov]eign p[]s1 & celebrat$ by di/+ui%$ poets1 8 native humility1 mode/y1 & c&or nev] =sook him1 ev5 on surprise or provocation2 nor 0 ! lea/ degree ( arrogance or assumption visible to ! mo/ scrut9iz+ eye 9 any "p ( 8 conduct or disc\rse4 ,8 tal5ts ( e k9d--p[]ful f nature1 & n meanly cultivat$ 9 lett]s--8 social virtues 9 all ! relations & all ! habitudes ( life1 r5d]$ him ! c5tre ( a v great & unp>allel$ v>iety ( agreeable societies1 :i* w be dissipat$ by 8 dea?4 ,he _h too mu* m]it n to excite "s jeal\sy1 too mu* innoc5ce to provoke any enmity4 ,! loss ( no man ( 8 "t c be felt ) m s9c]e1 g5]al1 & unmix$ sorr[4 ,,b5jam9 ,,we/ ,by ,,m>?a ,j4 ,,lamb#e ,footnote #e3 ,repr9t$ by p]mission1 f ! ,magaz9e ( ,am]ican ,hi/ory4 7#agch-ahbj7 ,illu/ration3 ,b5jam9 ,we/4 ,9 ! wilds ( ! new _w1 a c5tury & a half ago1 !re 01 app>5tly1 no spot less likely to produce a fam\s pa9t] ?an ! ,quak] prov9ce ( ,p5nsylvania4 ,& yet1 :5 ,george ,wa%+ton 0 only six ye>s old !re 0 born1 9 ! little t[n ( ,spr+field1 ,*e/] ,c\nty1 a boy ^: int]e/+ & rem>kable c>e] f infancy to old age has provid$ "o ( ! mo/ in/ructive lessons = /ud5ts 9 art t ,am]ica af=ds4 ,p]haps ,b5jam9 ,we/'s aptitude = picture-mak+ 9 8 infancy1 :ile he 0 le>n+ to walk & to talk1 did n exce$ t ( ho/s ( o!r *ildr51 9 l circum/ances1 9 e g5]ation s9ce 8 "t4 ,b _m curi\s ?+s 7 rememb]$ & told ( ?is baby's p]=mances aft] he _h develop$ a decid$ tal5t = reproduc+ ! beautiful objects t captivat$ 8 eye4 ,x 0 9 ! summ] ( #agde1 a few mon?s be=e he 0 sev5 ye>s old t 8 m>ri$ si/] came home = a visit1 br++ ) h] an infant daught]4 ,! next morn+ aft] h] arrival1 little ,b5jam9 0 left to keep ! flies (f ! sleep+ baby1 :ile 8 "m & si/] w5t to ! g>d5 = fl[]s4 ,! baby smil$ 9 its sleep1 & ! boy 0 captivat$4 ,he mu/ cat* t smile & keep x4 ,he f\nd "s pap] on ! table1 scrambl$ = a p51 & ) r$ & black ink made a ha/y b /rik+ picture ( ! little beauty4 ,he he>d 8 "m return+1 & consci\s ( hav+ be5 9 mis*ief1 tri$ to conceal 8 production2 b %e detect$ & captur$ x1 & reg>d$ x long & lov+ly1 exclaim+ z h] daught] ent]$1 ,he has really made a lik5ess ( little ,sally6 ,%e !n caught up ! boy 9 h] arms1 & kiss$ in/ead ( *id+ him1 & he--look+ up enc\rag$--told h] he c\ld make ! fl[]s1 too1 if %e w\ld p]mit4 ,! awak5+ ( g5ius 9 ,b5jam9 ,we/ has be5 di/9ctly trac$ to ?is incid5t1 z ! "t :5 he fir/ discov]$ t he c\ld imitate ! =ms ( su* objects z pleas$ 8 s5se ( sight4 ,& ! incid5t itself has be5 aptly /yl$ ! bir? ( f9e arts 9 ! ,new ,_w4 ,! ,quak] boy1 9 c\rse ( ye>s1 left ! wild]ness ( ,am]ica to become ! presid5t ( ! ,royal ,academy 9 ,london4 ,8 irreproa*able "* n less ?an 8 excell5ce z an arti/1 gave him comm&+ position among 8 contempor>ies4 ,f fir/ to la/ he 0 di/+ui%$ = 8 indefatigable indu/ry4 ,! numb] ( 8 pictures has be5 e/imat$1 by a writ] 9 ,blackwood's ,magaz9e1 at ?ree ?\s&2 & ,dunlap says t a gall]y capable ( hold+ !m w\ld be f\r hundr$ feet long1 fifty feet wide1 & =ty feet high--or a wall a qu>t] ( a mile long4 ,! p>5ts ( ,b5jam9 ,we/ 7 s9c]e & self-respect+1 & 9 ! language ( ! times1 well-to-d4 ,8 "m's gr&fa!r 0 ! intimate & confid5tial fri5d ( ,william ,p5n4 ,! family ( 8 fa!r claim$ direct desc5t f ! ,black ,pr9ce & ,"l ,delaw>e1 ( ! "t ( ,k+ ,edw>d ,,iii4 ,colonel ,james ,we/ 0 ! fri5d & companion 9 arms ( ,john ,hampd54 ,:5 ,b5jam9 ,we/ 0 at "w ^u 8 great picture ( ! ,in/itution ( ! ,g>t]1 ! ,k+ ( ,engl& 0 delight$ :5 ! ,duke ( ,buck+ham assur$ him t ,we/ _h an ance/ral "r to a place among ! w>riors & knights ( 8 own pa9t+4 ,! ,quak] associates ( ! p>5ts ( ! arti/1 ! patri>*s ( ,p5nsylvania1 reg>d$ _! asylum 9 ,am]ica z ! place = affectionate int]c\rse--free f all ! milit>y pr$ilections & political jeal\sies ( ,europe4 ,! result 0 a /ate ( society m cont5t$1 peaceful1 & pleas+ ?an ! _w _h ev] be=e exhibit$4 ,at ! "t ( ! bir? ( ,b5jam9 ,we/ ! int]ior settlem5ts 9 ,p5nsylvania _h atta9$ consid]able weal?1 & unlimit$ hospitality =m$ a "p ( ! regul> economy ( ! pr9cipal families4 ,^? :o resid$ ne> ! highways 7 9 ! habit1 aft] supp] & ! religi\s ex]cises ( ! ev5+1 ( mak+ a l>ge fire 9 ! hallway1 & spread+ a table ) refre%m5ts = su* travell]s z might pass 9 ! night1 :o 7 expect$ to /ep 9 & help !mselves4 ,?is 0 conspicu\sly ! case 9 ,spr+field4 ,o!r acts ( lib]ality 7 p]=m$ by ?is community1 to an ext5t t w\ld h begg>$ ! munific5ce ( ! old _w4 ,pov]ty 0 n kn[n 9 ?is region4 ,b :e!r families trac$ _! l9eage to anci5t & noble s\rces1 or o!rwise1 _! pride 0 s temp]$ ) ! meekness ( _! fai?1 t x l5t a s+ul> dignity to _! b5evol5ce4 ,! ,indians m+l$ freely ) ! p1 & :5 !y paid _! annual visits to ! plantations1 rais$ _! wigwams 9 ! fields & or*>ds )\t ask+ p]mission1 & 7 nev] mole/$4 ,%ortly aft] ,b5jam9 ,we/'s fir/ ef=ts ) p5 & ink1 a p>ty ( r$ m5 rea*$ & encamp$ 9 ,spr+field4 ,! boy-arti/ %[$ !m 8 sket*es ( birds & fl[]s1 :i* seem$ to amuse !m greatly4 ,!y at once proce$$ to tea* him h[ to prep>e ! r$ & yell[ colors ) :i* !y decorat$ _! ornam5ts4 ,to ^! ,mrs4 ,we/ add$ blue1 by contribut+ a piece ( indigo4 ,?us ! boy _h ?ree prismatic colors = 8 use4 ,:at c\ld be m picturesque ?an ! sc5e :]e ! untutor$ ,indian gave ! future arti/ 8 fir/ lesson 9 mix+ pa9ts6 ,^! wild m5 also taught him ar*]y1 t he might %oot birds = models if he want$ _! bright plumage to copy4 ,! neighbors 7 attract$ by ! boy's draw+s1 & f9ally a relative1 ,mr4 ,p5n+ton1 a prom95t m]*ant ( ,philadelphia1 came to pay ! family a visit4 ,he ?\ght ! boy's crude pictures 7 wond]ful1 z he 0 !n only ent]+ 8 eigh? ye>4 ,:5 he w5t home he imm$iately s5t ! little fell[ a box ( pa9ts1 ) six engrav+s by ,grevl+4 ,john ,gait1 :o wrote f ! arti/'s own /atem5ts1 describes ! effect ( ?is gift ^u ! boy4 ,9 go+ to b$ he plac$ ! box s ne> 8 c\*1 t he c\ld hug & c>ess x e "t he wak5$4 ,next morn+ he rose e>ly1 & tak+ 8 pa9ts & canvas to ! g>ret1 began to "w4 ,he w5t to breakfa/1 & !n /ole back to 8 po/ "u ! ro(1 =gett+ all ab\t s*ool4 ,:5 d9n]time came he pres5t$ himself at table1 z usual1 b said no?+ ( 8 occupation4 ,he _h be5 abs5t f s*ool "s days be=e ! ma/] call$ on 8 p>5ts to inquire :at _h become ( him4 ,?is l$ to ! discov]y ( 8 secret pa9t+1 = 8 "m proce$$ to ! g>ret & f\nd ! truant4 ,%e 01 h[ev]1 s a/oni%$ ) ! creation ^u 8 canvas1 t %e took him 9 h] arms & kiss$ him ) transports ( affection4 ,he _h made a composition ( 8 own out ( two ( ! engrav+s--:i* he _h color$ f 8 ideas ( ! prop] t9ts to be us$--& s p]fect did ! picture appe> to ,mrs4 ,we/ t1 al?\gh half ! canvas rema9$ to be cov]$1 %e w\ld n suff] ! *ild to add ano!r t\* ) 8 bru%4 ,sixty-sev5 ye>s aft]w>d1 ,mr4 ,gait saw ?is production 9 ! exact /ate 9 :i* x 0 left1 & ,mr4 ,we/ himself ackn[l$g$ t 9 subsequ5t ef=ts he _h nev] be5 able to excel "s ( ! t\*es ( inv5tion 9 ?is fir/ picture4 ,! fir/ in/ruction 9 art :i* ! arti/ receiv$ 0 f ,mr4 ,william ,williams1 a pa9t] 9 ,philadelphia4 ,"y ,we/'s fir/ attempt at portraiture 0 at ,lanca/]1 :]e he pa9t$ ,! ,dea? ( ,socrates = ,william ,h5ry1 a gunsmi?4 ,he 0 n yet sixte51 b o!r pa9t+s foll[$ :i* possess$ s mu* g5u9e m]it1 t !y h be5 pres]v$ z treasures4 ,"o ( ^! is 9 possession ( ,g5]al ,m]$i? ,re$1 ( ,p>is1 ,france1 a desc5dant ( ! sign]4 ,we/ return$ to 8 home 9 ,spr+field1 9 #aged1 to discuss ! "q ( 8 future vocation4 ,he _h an incl9ation = milit>y life1 & volunte]$ z a recruit 9 ! old ,fr5* w>2 b milit>y attractions vani%$ among ! h>d%ips involv$1 & 9 #agef1 :5 eighte5 ye>s old1 he e/abli%$ himself 9 ,philadelphia z a portrait-pa9t]1 8 price be+ five gu9eas a head4 ,two ye>s lat] he w5t to ,new ,york1 :]e he pass$ elev5 mon?s1 & 0 lib]ally employ$ by ! m]*ants & o!rs4 ,he pa9t$ ! portrait ( ,bi%op ,provoo/1 ^? ( ,g]>dus ,duyek9ck & 8 wife--full l5g?--"o ( ,mrs4 ,samuel ,breese1 & _m o!rs1 :i* are 9 ! families ( desc5dants1 & *>act]i/ic examples ( 8 e>ly "w4 ,9 #agfj an opportunity (f]$ = him to visit ,rome1 ,italy4 ,he c>ri$ lett]s to ,c>d9al ,albani & o!r celebrities1 & z he 0 v h&some & intellig5t1 & came f a f>-away l& ab\t :i* hung ! p]petual *>m ( tradition & romance1 he soon became ! lion ( ! day among ! imag9ative ,italians4 ,x 0 a novelty !n = an ,am]ican to appe> 9 ! ,et]nal ,city1 & ! v morn+ aft] 8 arrival a curi\s p>ty foll[$ 8 /eps to obs]ve 8 pursuit ( art4 ,he rema9$ 9 ,italy until #agfc1 & :ile !re he pa9t$1 among o!rs1 8 pictures ( ,cimon & ,iphig5ia1 & ,angelica & ,m$ora4 ,8 portrait ( ,"l ,gran?am excit$ mu* int]e/1 & t nobleman's introduction facilitat$ 8 visit to ,london1 :i* prov$ s prolific 9 results4 ,!re 0 no great liv+ hi/orical pa9t] 9 ,engl& j !n2 & at fir/ !re 0 no sale = ,we/'s pictures1 z x 0 unfa%ionable to buy any b old ma/]s4 ,b ! "y arti/ 0 undaunt$1 & pres5tly attract$ att5tion 9 high places4 ,8 picture ( ,agripp9a ,l&+ ) ! ,a%es ( ,g]manicus1 pa9t$ = ,dr4 ,drummond1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,york1 secur$ him ! favor ( ,george ,,iii41 & ! commission f 8 maje/y to pa9t ! ,dep>ture ( ,regulus f ,rome4 ,8 untir+ indu/ry & g5tlemanly habits 7 conspicu\s1 & may be reg>d$ z among ! great secrets ( 8 cont9ual advance & public recognition4 ,8 ,p>t+ ( ,hector & ,&roma*e1 & ,return ( ! ,prodigal ,son1 7 among 8 notable productions ( ?is p]iod4 ,8 ,dea? ( ,g5]al ,wolfe has be51 says ,tuck]man1 truly decl>$ to h creat$ an era 9 ,engli% art1 by ! successful example x initiat$ ( ! ab&onm5t ( classic co/ume--a re=m advocat$ by ,reynolds1 :o glories 9 ! popul> innovation4 ,8 *>act]s 7 clad 9 ! dress ( _! "t4 ,reynolds said to ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,york3 ,i =esee t ?is picture w n only become "o ( ! mo/ popul>1 b w occasion a revolution 9 art4 ,x 0 pur*as$ by ,"l ,grosv5or4 ,among ! long li/ ( pa9t+s execut$ by ord] ( ! k+ 7 ,! ,dea? ( ,*evali] ,bay>d2 ,edw>d ,,iii4 ,embrac+ 8 ,son on ! ,field ( ,battle at ,cressy2 ,! ,in/allation ( ! ,ord] ( ! ,g>t]2 ,! ,black ,pr9ce ,receiv+ ! ,k+ ( ,france & 8 ,son ,prison]s at ,poicti]s1 & ,que5 ,philippa ,int]c$+ ) ,edw>d = ! ,burgesses ( ,calais4 ,we/ 0 "o ( ! f\nd]s1 9 #agfh1 ( ! ,royal ,academy1 & succe$$ ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds z presid5t ( ! in/itution 9 #agib1 :i* po/ he held almo/ un9t]rupt$ly until #ahae4 ,9 ! ye> #aghj he propos$ a s]ies ( pictures on ! progress ( reveal$ religion1 ( :i* !re 7 ?irty-six subjects 9 all1 b he nev] execut$ b tw5ty-eight ( ^!1 ow+ to ! m5tal tr\ble :i* befell ! k+4 ,he !n comm5c$ a new s]ies ( important works1 ( :i* ,*ri/ ,heal+ ! ,sick 0 pur*as$ by an in/itution 9 ,great ,brita9 = #c1jjj1 & 0 subsequ5tly copi$ = ! ,p5nsylvania ,hospital4 ,p5n's ,treaty ) ! ,indians 0 pa9t$ = ,granville ,p5n1 ! sc5e repres5t+ ! f\nd+ ( ,p5nsylvania4 ,we/ wrote to "o ( 8 family t he _h tak5 ! lib]ty ( introduc+ 9 ?is pa9t+ ! lik5ess ( 8 fa!r & 8 bro!r ,?omas4 ,t is ! lik5ess ( our bro!r1 he says1 /&+ imm$iately beh9d ,p5n1 lean+ on 8 cane4 ,i ne$ n po9t out ! picture ( our fa!r1 z ,i believe y w f9d x 9 ! pr9t f memory4 ,tuck]man says t ! "w :i*1 9 ! op9ion ( _m critics1 be/ illu/rates ! skill ( ,we/ 9 composition1 draw+1 expression1 & dramatic effect1 is 8 ,dea? on ! ,pale ,horse4 ,8 ,cupid1 own$ 9 ,philadelphia1 is "o ( 8 mo/ effective pictures z to color4 ,! full-l5g? portrait ( ,we/1 by ,sir ,?omas ,lawr5ce1 ,p4,r4,a41 repres5ts ! great arti/ 9 8 "* z presid5t ( ! ,royal ,academy1 deliv]+ a lecture on color+ to ! /ud5ts4 ,"u 8 "r h& may be notic$1 /&+ on an easel1 a copy ( ,raphael's c>toon ( ! ,dea? ( ,ananias4 ,! picture ( ,we/'s face has be5 consid]$ a p]fect lik5ess1 b ! figure some:at too l>ge & too tall 9 its effects4 ,a copy ( ?is portrait 0 made by ,*>les ,r4 ,leslie2 & ,wa%+ton ,all/on also pa9t$ a portrait ( ! arti/4 ,!re exi/s1 x is said1 a portrait ( ,we/ f 8 own h&1 tak5 app>5tly at ab\t ! age ( =ty1 ?ree-qu>t] l5g?1 9 ,quak] co/ume4 ,illu/ration3 ,b5jam9 ,we/1 ,presid5t ( ! ,royal ,academy4 ,,?orwalds5 ,by ,,hans ,,*ri/ian ,,&]s5 7#aggj-ahdd7 ,x 0 9 ,cop5hag51 on ,novemb] #ai1 #aggj1 t a c>v] ( figures = %ips' heads1 by "n ,gottskalk ,?orwalds51 0 pres5t$ by 8 wife1 ,k>5 ,grnlund1 ! daught] ( a cl]gyman 9 ,jutl&1 ) a son1 :o at 8 baptism receiv$ ! "n ( ,b]tel1 or ,alb]t4 ,! fa!r _h come f ,icel&1 & liv$ 9 poor circum/ances4 ,!y dwelt 9 ,lille ,grnnegade 7,little ,gre5 ,/reet71 n f> f ! ,academy ( ,arts4 ,! moon has (t5 peep$ into _! poor room2 %e has told u ab\t x 9 ,a ,picture-book )\t ,pictures3 ,illu/ration3 ,?orwalds54 ,! fa!r & "m slept1 b _! little son did n sleep2 :]e ! fl[]$ cotton b$-curta9s mov$ ,i saw ! *ild peep out4 ,i ?\ght at fir/ t he look$ at ! ,bornholm clock1 = x 0 f9ely pa9t$ ) r$ & gre51 & !re 0 a cuckoo on ! top2 x _h heavy lead5 weights1 & ! p5dulum ) its %9+ brass plate w5t to & fro ) a 'tick6 tick6' ,b x 0 n t he look$ at2 no1 x 0 8 "m's sp9n+-:eel1 :i* /ood directly "u ! clock2 ?is 0 ! de>e/ piece ( furniture 9 ! :ole h\se = ! boy2 b he d>$ n t\* x1 = if he did1 he got a rap ov] ! f+]s4 ,:ile 8 "m spun1 he w\ld sit = h\rs toge!r look+ at ! buzz+ sp9dle & ! revolv+ :eel1 & !n he _h 8 own ?\ghts4 ,oh6 if he only dur/ sp9 t :eel6 ,8 fa!r & "m slept2 he look$ at !m1 he look$ at ! :eel1 & !n by degrees a little nak$ foot 0 /uck out ( b$1 & !n ano!r nak$ foot1 !n !re came two small legs1 &1 ) a jump1 he /ood on ! floor4 ,he turn$ r\nd once m1 to see if 8 p>5ts slept2 yes1 !y did1 & s he w5t s(tly1 q s(tly1 only 9 8 little %irt1 up to ! :eel1 & began to sp94 ,! cord flew (f1 & ! :eel !n ran mu* quick]4 ,8 "m awoke at ! same mom5t2 ! curta9s mov$2 %e look$ out & ?\ght ( ! br[nie1 or ano!r little spectral be+4 ',h m]cy on u6' said %e1 & 9 h] fe> %e /ruck h] husb& 9 ! side2 he op5$ 8 eyes1 rubb$ !m ) 8 h&s1 & look$ at ! busy little fell[4 ',x is ,b]tel1 woman1' said he4 ,:at ! moon relates we see "h z ! fir/ picture 9 ,?orwalds5's life's gall]y2 = x is a reflection ( ! reality4 ,?orwalds5 has himself1 :5 9 famili> conv]sation at ,nyse1 told ! au?or almo/ ^w = ^w :at he1 9 8 ,picture-book1 lets ! moon say4 ,x 0 "o ( 8 e>lie/ remembrances1 h[ he1 9 8 little %ort %irt1 sat 9 ! moonlight & spun 8 "m's :eel1 :ile %e1 de> s\l1 took him = a little spectre4 ,a few ye>s ago !re /ill liv$ an old %ip-c>p5t]1 :o rememb]$ ! little1 light-hair$1 blue-ey$ boy1 t came to 8 fa!r 9 ! c>v+-h\se at ! dock-y>d2 he 0 to le>n 8 fa!r's trade2 & z ! latt] felt h[ bad x 0 n to be able to draw1 ! boy1 !n elev5 ye>s ( age1 0 s5t to ! draw+-s*ool at ! ,academy ( ,arts1 :]e he made rapid progress4 ,two ye>s aft]w>d1 ,b]tel1 or ,alb]t1 z we %all 9 future call him1 0 ( great assi/ance to 8 fa!r2 nay1 he ev5 improv$ 8 "w4 ,see ! hov]+ %ips on ! :>ves6 ,! ,dannebrog waves1 ! workm5 sit 9 circle "u ! %ade at _! frugal breakfa/s2 b =emo/ /&s ! pr9cipal figure 9 ?is picture3 x is a boy :o cuts ) a bold h& ! lifelike features 9 ! wood5 image = ! beak-head ( ! vessel4 ,x is ! %ip's gu>dian _s1 &1 z ! fir/ image f ! h& ( ,alb]t ,?orwalds51 x %all w&] out into ! wide _w4 ,! et]nally swell+ sea %\ld baptize x ) its wat]s1 & hang its wrea?s ( wet plants ar\nd x4 ,our next picture advances a /ep =w>d4 ,unobs]v$ among ! o!r boys1 he has n[ frequ5t$ ! ,academy's s*ool = six ye>s already1 :]e1 always taciturn & sil5t1 he /ood by 8 draw+-bo>d4 ,8 answ] 0 yes or no1 a nod or a %ake ( ! head2 b mildness %one f 8 features1 & good-nature 0 9 e expression4 ,! picture %[s u ,alb]t z a c&idate = confirmation4 ,he is n[ sev5te5 ye>s ( age--n a v "y age to ratify 8 baptismal compact2 8 place at ! dean's h\se is ! la/ among ! poor boys1 = 8 k is n suffici5t to place him high]4 ,!re _h j at t "t be5 an acc\nt 9 ! newspap]s1 t ! pupil ,?orwalds5 _h ga9$ ! ,academy's small] m$al = a bas-relief repres5t+ a ,cupid ,repos+4 ,is x y\r bro!r t has ga9$ ! m$al8 inquir$ ! dean4 ,x is myself1 said ,alb]t1 & ! cl]gyman look$ k9dly on him1 plac$ him fir/ among all ! boys1 & f t "t always call$ him ,monsieur ,?orwalds54 ,oh6 h[ deeply did t ,monsieur !n s\nd 9 8 m9d6 ,z he has (t5 said s9ce1 x s\nd$ f> m p[]fully ?an any title t k+s c\ld give him2 he nev] aft]w>d =got x4 ,9 a small h\se 9 ,aabeuraa--! /reet :]e ,holb]g lets 8 poor poets dwell--liv$ ,alb]t ,?orwalds5 ) 8 p>5ts1 & divid$ 8 "t betwe5 ! /udy ( art & assi/+ 8 fa!r4 ,! ,academy's less] gold 0 !n ! prize to be obta9$ = sculpture4 ,our arti/ 0 n[ tw5ty ye>s ( age2 8 fri5ds knew 8 abilities bett] ?an himself1 & !y compell$ him to ent] on ! task4 ,! subject propos$ 01 ,heliodorus ,driv5 out ( ! ,temple4 ,we are n[ 9 ,*>lott5burg2 b ! little *amb] 9 :i* ,?orwalds5 lately sat to make 8 sket* is empty1 & he1 *as$ by ! demons ( fe> & di/ru/1 ha/5s d[n ! n>r[ back-/airs ) ! int5tion n to return4 ,no?+ is accid5tal 9 ! life ( a great g5ius2 an app>5t insignificance is a ,god's guid+ f+]4 ,?orwalds5 0 to complete 8 task4 ,:o is x t /ops him on ! d>k /airs8 ,"o ( ! pr(essors j comes t way1 speaks to him1 que/ions1 admoni%es him4 ,he returns1 & 9 f\r h\rs ! sket* is f9i%$1 & ! gold m$al won4 ,?is 0 on ,augu/ #ae1 #agia4 ,c\nt ,ditlew de ,rev5tl[1 m9i/] ( /ate1 saw ! "y arti/'s "w1 & became 8 protector2 he plac$ 8 own "n at ! head ( a subscription t enabl$ ,?orwalds5 to devote 8 "t to ! /udy ( 8 art4 ,two ye>s aft]w>d ! l>ge gold m$al 0 to be cont5d$ = at ! ,academy1 ! successful c&idate !reby ga9+ ! "r to a travell+ /ip5dium4 ,?orwalds5 0 aga9 ! fir/2 b be=e he ent]$ on 8 travels1 x 0 deem$ necess>y to ext5d t k :i* an indiff]5t education at s*ool _h left him 9 want (4 ,he read1 /udi$1 & ! ,academy gave him its support2 ackn[l$gm5t smil$ on him1 a great] & m spiritual sph]e lay op5 to him4 ,a portrait figure /&s n[ be=e u2 x is t ( a ,dane1 ! le>n$ & sev]e ,zoega1 to :om ! "y arti/ is specially recomm5d$1 b :o only sees 9 him a common tal5t2 ^: words are only ^? ( c5sure1 & ^: eye sees only a s]vile imitation ( ! antique 9 8 works4 ,/rictly hone/ 9 8 judgm5t1 accord+ to 8 own ideas1 is ?is man1 :o %\ld be ,?orwalds5's guide4 ,we let ?ree ye>s glide away aft] ! arrival ( ,?orwalds51 & ask ,zoega :at he n[ says ( ,alb]t1 or1 z ! ,italians call him1 ,alb]to1 & ! sev]e man %akes 8 head & says3 ,!re is mu* to blame1 little to be satisfi$ )1 & dilig5t he is n6 ,yet he 0 dilig5t 9 a high degree2 b g5ius is =eign to a =eign m9d4 ,! sn[ _h j !n ?aw$ f my eyes1 he has himself (t5 repeat$4 ,! draw+s ( ! ,dani% pa9t] ,c>/5s =m$ "o ( ^? spiritual books t %$ its holy baptism ov] t gr[+ g5ius4 ,! little ateli] look$ l a battle-field1 = r\ndab\t 7 brok5 /atues4 ,g5ius =m$ !m (t5 9 ! midnight h\rs2 despond5cy ov] _! faults broke !m 9 ! day4 ,! ?ree ye>s1 = :i* he _h receiv$ a /ip5dium1 7 z if !y _h fl[n away1 & z yet he _h produc$ no?+4 ,! "t = 8 return drew nigh4 ,"o "w1 h[ev]1 he mu/ complete1 t x might n ) ju/ice be said 9 ,d5m>k1 ,?orwalds5 has q wa/$ 8 "t 9 ,rome4 ,d\bt+ 8 g5ius j :5 x embrac$ him mo/ affectionately2 n expect+ a victory1 :ile he already /ood on its op5 road1 he modell$ ,jason :o has ,ga9$ ! ,gold5 ,fleece4 ,x 0 ?is t ,?orwalds5 w\ld h ga9$ 9 ! k+dom ( arts1 & :i* he n[ ?\ght he mu/ resign4 ,! figure /ood !re 9 clay1 _m eyes look$ c>elessly on x1 &--he broke x to pieces6 ,x 0 9 ,april1 #ahja1 t 8 return home 0 fix$1 9 company ) ,zoega4 ,x 0 put (f until ! autumn4 ,dur+ ?is "t ,jason occupi$ all 8 ?\ghts4 ,a new1 a l>g] figure ( ! h]o 0 =m$1 an immortal "w2 b x _h n !n be5 ann\nc$ to ! _w1 nor und]/ood by x4 ,"h is some?+ m ?an common6 0 said by _m4 ,ev5 ! man to :om all paid homage1 ! illu/ri\s ,canova1 />t$1 & exclaim$3 ,que/' op]a di quel giovane ,danese fatta 9 uno /ilo nuovo1 e gr&ioso6 ,zoega smil$4 ,x is bravely done6 said he4 ,! ,dani% song/ress1 ,fr$]ikke ,brunn1 0 !n 9 ,rome & sang en?usia/ically ab\t ,?orwalds5's ,jason4 ,%e assi/$ ! arti/1 s t he 0 enabl$ to get ?is figure ca/ 9 pla/]2 = he himself _h no m money ?an 0 j suffici5t = 8 exp5ses home4 ,! la/ glass ( w9e _h be5 already drunk z a f>ewell1 ! boxes pack$1 & ! vettur9o's c>riage 0 be=e ! door at daybreak2 ! boxes 7 fa/5$ beh9d4 ,!n came a fell[-travell]--! sculptor1 ,hagemann1 :o 0 return+ to 8 native city1 ,b]l94 ,8 passport 0 n ready4 ,_! dep>ture mu/ be put (f until ! next day2 & ,?orwalds5 promis$1 al?\gh ! vettur9o compla9$ & abus$ him1 to rema9 s long4 ,he /ay$--/ay$ to w9 an immortal "n on e>?1 & ca/ a lu/re ov] ,d5m>k4 ,?\gh =ty ye>s resid5t 9 ,rome1 ri* & indep5d5t1 he liv$ & work$ ) ! ?\ght ( once return+ home to ,d5m>k1 !re to re/ himself2 unaccu/om$ to ! great com=ts ( o!r ri* arti/s 9 ,rome1 he liv$ a ba*elor's life4 ,0 8 he>t1 !n1 no long] op5 to love s9ce 8 fir/ dep>ture f ,cop5hag58 ,a ?\s& beautiful ,cupids 9 m>ble w tell u h[ w>mly t he>t beat4 ,love belongs to life's my/]ies4 ,we "k t ,?orwalds5 left a daught] 9 ,rome1 ^: bir? he ackn[l$g$2 we also "k t m ?an "o female ( quality w\ld will+ly h giv5 h] h& to ! great arti/4 ,! ye> be=e 8 fir/ return to ,d5m>k he lay ill at ,naples1 & 0 nurs$ by an ,engli% lady :o felt ! mo/ ard5t affection = him2 &1 f t feel+ ( gratitude :i* 0 awak5$ 9 him1 he imm$iately cons5t$ to _! union4 ,:5 he _h recov]$ & aft]w>d return$ to ,rome1 ?is promise prey$ on 8 m9d1 he felt t he 0 n n[ =m$ to be a husb&1 ackn[l$g$ t gratitude 0 n love1 & t !y 7 n suit$ = ea* o!r2 aft] a long combat ) himself1 he wrote & in=m$ h] ( 8 det]m9ation4 ,?orwalds5 0 nev] m>ri$4 ,! foll[+ trait is z *>act]i/ic ( 8 he>t z ( 8 :ole p]sonality4 ,"o day1 :ile 9 ,rome1 !re came a poor c\ntryman to him1 an artisan1 :o _h long be5 ill4 ,he came to say f>ewell1 & to ?ank him = ! money t he & o!rs ( 8 c\ntrym5 _h subscrib$ toge!r1 ) :i* he 0 to rea* home4 ,b y w n walk ! :ole way8 said ,?orwalds54 ,i am oblig$ to d s1 repli$ ! man4 ,b y are /ill too weak to walk--y _c be> ! fatigue1 nor mu/ y d x6 said he4 ,! man assur$ him ( ! necessity ( do+ s4 ,?orwalds5 w5t & op5$ a draw]1 took out a h&ful ( scudi & gave !m to him1 say+1 ,see1 n[ y w ride ! :ole way6 ,! man ?ank$ him1 b assur$ him t 8 gift w\ld n be m ?an suffici5t to c>ry him to ,flor5ce4 ,well6 said ,?orwalds51 clapp+ him on ! %\ld]1 z he w5t a second "t to ! draw] & took out ano!r h&ful4 ,! man 0 grateful 9 ! highe/ degree1 & 0 go+4 ,n[ y c ride ! :ole way home & be com=table on ! way1 said he1 z he foll[$ ! man to ! door4 ,i am v glad1 said ! man4 ,god bless y = x6 b to ride ! :ole way requires a little capital4 ,well1 !n1 tell me h[ great t mu/ be1 he ask$1 & look$ e>ne/ly at him4 ,! man 9 a mode/ mann] nam$ ! requisite sum1 & ,?orwalds5 w5t a ?ird "t to ! draw]1 c\nt$ out ! sum1 accompani$ him to ! door1 press$ 8 h&1 & repeat$1 ,b n[ y w ride1 = y h n /r5g? to walk6 ,our arti/ did n belong to ! class ( great talk]s2 x 0 only 9 a small circle t he c\ld be br\ght to say any?+1 b !n x 0 always ) humor & gayety4 ,a few en]getic exclamations ( 8 are pres]v$4 ,a well-kn[n sculptor1 express+ himself "o day ) mu* self-feel+1 ent]$ into a dispute ) ,?orwalds51 & set 8 own works ov] ! latt]'s4 ,y may b9d my h&s beh9d me1 said ,?orwalds51 & ,i w bite ! m>ble out ) my tee? bett] ?an y c c>ve x4 ,?orwalds5 possess$ specim5s 9 pla/] ( all 8 works2 ^!1 toge!r ) ! ri* m>ble /atues & bas-reliefs :i* he _h collect$ ( 8 own accord1 )\t ord]s1 & ! numb] ( pa9t+s t he e ye> b\ght ( "y arti/s1 =m$ a treasure t he wi%$ to h 9 8 prop] home1 ,cop5hag54 ,!re=e1 :5 ! ,dani% gov]nm5t s5t vessels ( w> to ! ,m$it]ranean1 9 ord] to fet* ! works t 7 ready = ! palace or ! *ur*es1 he always s5t a numb] ( 8 own ?+s ) !m4 ,d5m>k 0 to inh]it ^! treasures ( art2 &1 9 ord] to see !m collect$ 9 a place wor?y ( !m1 a zeal 0 awak5$ 9 ! nation to build a museum = _! reception4 ,a committee ( 8 ,dani% admir]s & fri5ds s5t out a requisition to ! p1 t ev]yone might give _! mite2 _m a poor s]vant-girl & _m a peasant gave !irs1 s t a good sum 0 soon collect$4 ,fr$]ick ,,vi4 gave gr\nd = ! build+1 & ! erection !re( 0 committ$ to ! ar*itect1 ,b9desbol4 ,?orwalds51 9 #ahch1 _h atta9$ univ]sal fame4 ,! frigate ,rota 0 dispat*$ to br+ a c>go ( 8 works to ,cop5hag51 & he 0 to arrive at ! same "t1 p]haps to rema9 9 ,d5m>k4 ,close to ,pre/o ,bay1 surr\nd$ by wood-gr[n banks1 lies ,nyse1 ! pr9cipal seat ( ! b>ony ( ,/amp5borg1 a place :i*1 ?r\gh ,?orwalds51 has become rem>kable 9 ,d5m>k4 ,! op5 /r&1 ! beautiful bee* woods1 ev5 ! little t[n se5 ?r\gh ! or*>ds1 at "s few hundr$ paces f ! mansion1 make ! place wor?y ( a visit on acc\nt ( its truly ,dani% sc5]y4 ,"h ,?orwalds5 f\nd 8 be/ home 9 ,d5m>k2 "h he seem$ to increase 8 fame1 & "h a s]ies ( 8 la/ beautiful bas-reliefs 7 produc$4 ,b>on ,/ampe 0 "o ( nature's noble/-m9d$ m52 8 hospitality & 8 lady's daught]ly affection = ,?orwalds5 op5$ a home = him "h1 a com=table & good "o4 ,a great en]getic p[] 9 ! b>oness incit$ 8 activity2 %e att5d$ him ) a daught]'s c>e1 elicit$ f him e little wi%1 & execut$ x4 ,directly aft] 8 fir/ visit to ,nyse1 a %ort t\r to ,mo5's *alk cliffs 0 arrang$1 & dur+ ! few days t 7 pass$ !re1 a little ateli] 0 erect$ 9 ! g>d5 at ,nyse1 close to ! canal :i* half encircles ! pr9cipal build+2 "h1 & 9 a corn] room ( ! mansion1 on ! fir/ floor fac+ ! sea1 mo/ ( ,?orwalds5's works1 dur+ ! la/ ye>s ( 8 life1 7 execut$3 ,*ri/ ,be>+ ! ,cross1 ,! ,entry into ,j]usalem1 ,rebecca at ! ,well1 8 own portrait-/atue1 ,oehl5s*lg]'s & ,holb]g's bu/s1 etc4 ,b>oness ,/ampe 0 9 fai?ful att5dance on him1 l5t him a help+ h&1 & read al\d = him f ,holb]g4 ,driv+ abroad1 weekly conc]ts1 & 9 ! ev5+s 8 fonde/ play1 ,! ,lott]y1 7 :at mo/ easily excit$ him1 & on ^! occasions he w\ld say _m amus+ ?+s4 ,he has repres5t$ ! ,/ampe family 9 two bas-reliefs3 9 ! "o1 repres5t+ ! "m1 ! two daught]s1 & ! y\nge/ son1 is ! arti/ himself2 ! o!r exhibits ! fa!r & ! two elde/ sons4 ,all circles s\ght to attract ,?orwalds52 he 0 at e great fe/ival1 9 e great society1 & e ev5+ 9 ! !atre by ! side ( ,oehl5s*lg]4 ,8 greatness 0 alli$ to a mildness1 a /raight=w>dness1 t 9 ! highe/ degree fasc9at$ ! /rang] :o approa*$ him = ! fir/ "t4 ,8 ateli] 9 ,cop5hag5 0 visit$ daily2 he !re=e felt himself m com=table & undi/urb$ at ,nyse4 ,b>on ,/ampe & 8 family accompani$ him to ,italy 9 #ahda1 :5 he aga9 visit$ t c\ntry4 ,! :ole j\rney1 :i* 0 by way ( ,b]l91 ,dresd51 ,frank=t1 ! ,rh9e t[ns1 & ,muni*1 0 a cont9u$ triumphal procession4 ,! w9t] 0 pass$ 9 ,rome1 & ! ,danes !re _h a home 9 :i* !y f\nd a welcome4 ,! foll[+ ye> ,?orwalds5 0 aga9 9 ,d5m>k1 & at 8 favorite place1 ,nyse4 ,on ,*ri/mas eve he "h =m$ 8 beautiful bas-relief1 ,*ri/mas ,joys 9 ,heav51 :i* ,oehl5s*lg] consecrat$ ) a poem4 ,! la/ bir?day ( 8 life 0 celebrat$ "h2 ! p]=mance ( "o ( ,holb]g's vaudevilles 0 arrang$1 & /rang]s invit$2 yet ! morn+ ( t day 0 ! homelie/1 :5 only ! family & ! au?or ( ?is memoir1 :o _h writt5 a m]ry song = ! occasion1 :i* 0 /ill wet on ! pap]1 plac$ !mselves outside ! arti/'s door1 ea* ) a pair ( tongs1 a gong1 or a bottle on :i* !y rubb$ a cork1 z an accompanim5t1 & sung ! song z a morn+ greet+4 ,?orwalds51 9 8 morn+ g[n1 op5$ ! door1 laugh+2 he twirl$ 8 black ,raphael's cap1 took a pair ( tongs himself1 & accompani$ u1 :ile he danc$ r\nd & jo9$ ! o!rs 9 ! l\d hurra6 ,a *>m+ bas-relief1 ,! ,g5ius ( ,poetry1 0 j complet$2 x 0 ! same t ,?orwalds51 on ! la/ day ( 8 life1 bequea!d to ,oehl5s*lg]1 & said1 ,x may s]ve z a m$al = y4 ,on ,sunday1 ,m>* #bd1 #ahdd1 a small p>ty ( fri5ds 7 assembl$ at ! resid5ce ( ,b>on ,/ampe1 9 ,cop5hag54 ,?orwalds5 0 !re & 0 unusually lively1 told /ories1 & spoke ( a j\rney t he int5d$ to make to ,italy 9 ! c\rse ( ! summ]4 ,cahn's trag$y ( ,griseldis 0 to be p]=m$ = ! fir/ "t t ev5+ at ! !atre4 ,trag$y 0 n 8 favorite subject1 b com$y1 & p>ticul>ly ! com$ies ( ,holb]g2 b x 0 some?+ new t he 0 to see1 & x _h become a sort ( habit ) him to pass ! ev5+ 9 ! !atre4 ,ab\t six o'clock1 !re=e1 he w5t to ! !atre alone4 ,! ov]ture _h begun2 on ent]+ he %ook h&s ) a few ( 8 fri5ds1 took 8 usual seat1 /ood up aga9 to all[ "o to pass him1 sat d[n aga91 b5t 8 head1 & 0 no m6 ,! music cont9u$4 ,^? ne>e/ to him ?\ght he 0 only 9 a swoon1 & he 0 borne out2 b he 0 numb]$ ) ! dead4 ,! m\rnful intellig5ce ( 8 dea? soon spread ?r\gh ! c\ntry & ?r\gh all l&s2 fun]al dirges 7 sung & fun]al fe/ivals 7 arrang$ 9 ,b]l9 & ,rome2 9 ! ,dani% !atre1 :5ce 8 s\l took its flight to ,god !re 0 a fe/ival2 ! place :]e he sat 0 decorat$ ) crape & laurel wrea?s1 & a poem by ,heib]g 0 recit$1 9 :i* 8 greatness & 8 dea? 7 allud$ to4 ,! day be=e ,?orwalds5's dea? ! int]ior ( 8 tomb 0 f9i%$1 = x 0 8 wi% t 8 rema9s might re/ 9 ! c5tre ( ! c\rt-y>d ( ! museum2 x 0 !n wall$ r\nd1 & he begg$ t !re might be a m>ble edge ar\nd x1 & a few rose-trees & fl[]s plant$ on x z 8 monum5t4 ,! :ole build+1 ) ! ri* treasures :i* he pres5t$ to 8 fa!rl&1 w be 8 monum5t2 8 works are to be plac$ 9 ! rooms ( ! squ>e build+ t surr\nds ! op5 c\rt-y>d1 & :i*1 bo? int]nally & ext]nally1 are pa9t$ 9 ! ,pompeian /yle4 ,8 arrival 9 ! roads ( ,cop5hag5 & l&+ at ! cu/om-h\se =m ! subjects depict$ 9 ! comp>tm5ts "u ! w9d[s ( "o side ( ! museum4 ,?r\gh c5turies to come w nations w&] to ,d5m>k2 n allur$ by our *>m+ gre5 isl&s1 ) _! fre% bee*-woods alone--no1 b to see ^! works & ?is tomb4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "o place m t ! /rang] w visit1 ! little spot at ,nyse :]e 8 ateli] /&s1 & :]e ! tree b5ds its bran*es ov] ! canal to ! solit>y swan :i* he f$4 ,! "n ( ,?orwalds5 w be rememb]$ 9 ,engl& by 8 /atues ( ,jason & ,byron2 9 ,switz]l&1 by 8 recumb5t lion2 9 ,roeskilde1 by 8 figure ( ,*ri/ian ! ,f\r?4 ,x w live 9 e brea/ 9 :i* a love ( art is enk9dl$4 ,,jean-,,fran,,ois ,,millet#f ,footnote #f3 ,copyright1 #ahid1 by ,selm> ,hess4 ,by ,,cl>5ce ,,cook 7#ahad-ahge7 ,illu/ration3 ,jean-,franois ,millet4 ,we read t on "o occasion1 :5 a picture by "s ,dut* arti/1 repres5t+ peasants at _! sports1 0 %[n to ,l\is ,,xiv41 he angrily exclaim$1 ,take away ^? v]m96 ,su* subjects _h nev] be5 *os5 by ,fr5* arti/s1 nor inde$ _h !y be5 se5 any:]e 9 ,europe be=e ! ,dut* arti/s began to pa9t !m 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! ,italian pa9t]s ( ! e>ly & ! lat] ,r5aissance1 work+ almo/ exclusively = ! *ur*es1 or = ! palaces ( pleasure-lov+ pr9ces1 did n consid] ! peasant or ! labor+ man1 by himself1 a prop] subject = 8 art4 ,if he 7 introduc$ at any "t into picture or bas-relief1 x 0 only z a necess>y actor 9 "s religi\s /ory1 su* z ,! ,adoration ( ! ,%eph]ds1 or 9 ! repres5tations ( ! mon?s or ! seasons1 z 9 ! ,f\nta9 ( ! ,public ,squ>e at ,p]ugia1 :]e we see ! peasant engag$ 9 ! labors ( ! f>m or v9ey>d3 cutt+ ! :eat1 ga!r+ 9 ! grapes1 & tread+ out ! w9e1 &1 9 ! lat] season1 dress+ ! hog he has be5 kill+2 = 9 ^? less sophi/icat$ times1 ,art1 no m ?an ,poetry1 despis$ ! rud] side ( ru/ic life4 ,! ,g]man arti/s ( ! sixte5? c5tury introduc$ peasants & peasant-life into _! designs :5ev] ! subject admitt$4 ,alb]t ,dr] 0 especially giv5 to ?is1 & x (t5 gives a p>ticul> savor1 sometimes a half-humor\s expression1 to 8 treatm5t ( ev5 religi\s subjects2 z :]e1 9 8 design1 ,! ,repose 9 ,egypt1 he %[s ,joseph1 ! fo/]-fa!r ( ,jesus1 mak+ a wat]-tr\gh out ( a huge log1 & a bevy ( *]ub-ur*9s ab\t him ga!r+ up ! *ips4 ,m>y1 mean:ile1 z ! peasant "m1 sits by1 sp9n+ & rock+ ! cradle ( ! ,holy ,*ild ) h] foot4 ,b ^! examples only s]ve to make cle>] ! fact t 9 ! e>li] times !re 0 no place f\nd 9 art = ! repres5tation ( ! labor+ man1 :e!r 9 ! field or 9 ! %op1 except z an illu/ration ( "s allegorical or religi\s !me4 ,nor 9 ! ,dut* pictures t ,l\is ,,xiv4 despis$1 & t our own "t f9ds s valuable = _! arti/ic qualities1 0 !re any?+ outside ( _! beauty or ri*ness ( tone or color to r$eem _! co>s5ess & vulg>ity4 ,!re 0 no poetry 9 ! treatm5t1 nor any sympa?y ) any?+ high] ?an ! grosse/ guzzl+1 fight+1 & horseplay4 ,! great mon>*1 :o1 accord+ to 8 lights1 0 a man ( delicacy & ref9em5t1 0 c]ta9ly "r 9 contemn+ su* subjects1 & x is p]haps to 8 cr$it t he did n c>e en\gh = ,art = ,art's sake to excuse ! brutality ( ! !me = ! sake ( ! beauty ( ! pa9t+4 ,! next appe>ance ( ! peasant 9 art 0 ( a v diff]5t sort1 & repres5t$ a v diff]5t /ate ( social feel+ f ! peasants ( ! ,dut* pa9t]s4 ,9 ! ,salon ( #ahej !re appe>$ a picture call$ ,! ,s[] & repres5t+ a "y peasant s[+ gra94 ,!re 0 no?+ 9 ! subject to connect x p>ticul>ly ) any religi\s symbolism--n ev5 ) ! ,p>able ( ! ,s[] :o w5t =? to s[2 nor ) any s]ies ( p]sonifications ( ! mon?s4 ,?is 0 a simple peasant ( ! ,norman coa/1 9 8 r$ bl\se & blue tr\s]s1 8 legs wrapp$ 9 /raw1 & 8 wea!r-beat5 hat1 full ( holes4 ,he m>*es ) ! rhy?mic /ep made necess>y by 8 task1 ov] ! d[ns t top ! high cliffs1 foll[$ by a cl\d ( cr[s t p\nce ^u ! gra9 z he s[s x4 ,at fir/ sight !re w\ld seem to be no?+ 9 ?is picture to call = p>ticul> notice2 b ! public1 ! arti/s1 ! critics1 7 ) "o accord /rongly drawn to x4 ,some?+ 9 ! picture appeal$ to feel+s deep] ?an m]e curiosity1 & an int]e/ 0 excit$ su* z did n naturally belong to a picture ( a man s[+ a field ( gra94 ,! secret 0 ?is3 t a man born & br$ 9 ! mid/ ( labor+ p1 /ruggl+ ) ! h>d necessities ( life--himself a labor]1 & "o :o knew by exp]i5ce all ! lights & %ades ( ! labor]'s life--_h pa9t$ ?is picture out ( 8 own deep sympa?y ) 8 fell[s1 & to please himself by reproduc+ ! mo/ significant & poetical act 9 ! life ( ! f>m]4 ,! pa9t] ( ?is picture1 ! fir/ man ( our "t to give ! labor] 9 ! fields & on ! f>m a place 9 art1 & to set p to ?9k+ ab\t him1 z a man1 n m]ely z an illu/ration ( "s sacr$ text1 or an image 9 a book ( allegories1 0 ,jean-,franois ,millet1 kn[n z ! peasant pa9t] ( peasants4 ,he 0 born at ,gru*y1 a small hamlet on ! coa/ ( ,norm&y1 :]e 8 family1 well kn[n 9 ! region = sev]al g5]ations1 liv$ by ! labor ( _! h&s1 cultivat+ _! fields & ex]cis+ ! simple virtues ( t pa/oral life1 )\t ambition & )\t desire = *ange4 ,?is cont5t 0 a "p ( ! religion ( ! c\ntry & mu/ n be look$ ^u z argu+ a l[ /ate ( intellig5ce or ( mann]s4 ,( _! neighbors we h no acc\nt1 b ! ,millet h\sehold conta9$ _m ( ! elem5ts t g to su/a9 ! intellectual no less ?an ! spiritual life4 ,if !re 0 pla9 liv+1 !re 0 high ?9k+2 !re 7 books & ( ! be/1 & m ?an "o memb] ( ! circle valu$ le>n+ = its own sake4 ,millet ow$ mu* to 8 gr&mo!r1 a woman ( great /r5g? ( "* & ( a deeply religi\s nature4 ,z 8 godmo!r %e gave him 8 "n1 call+ him ,jean1 aft] 8 fa!r1 & ,franois1 aft] ,sa9t ,francis ( ,assisi4 ,z is usual 9 ,ca?olic c\ntries1 ! boy 0 call$ aft] ! "n ( 8 patron sa9t1 & 9 ! case ( ,millet1 ,sa9t ,francis1 ! ard5t lov] ( nature1 ! fri5d ( ! birds & ( all ! animate creation1 0 well *os5 z ! gu>dian ( "o :o 0 to prove himself1 all 8 life1 ! passionate lov] ( nature4 ,! boyhood ( ,millet 0 pass$ at home4 ,he _h no s*ool+ except "s small in/ruction 9 ,lat9 f ! village prie/ & f a neighbor+ curate1 b he made good use ( :at he le>n$4 ,he work$ on ! f>m ) 8 fa!r & 8 m51 pl\gh+1 h>r[+1 s[+1 reap+1 m[+1 w9n[+--9 a ^w1 %>+ actively & cont5t$ly 9 all ! "w t belongs to ! f>m]'s life4 ,& 9 ! long w9t] ev5+s or 9 ! few h\rs ( re/ t ! day af=d$1 he w\ld hungrily dev\r ! books t 7 at h&--! ,lives ( ! ,sa9ts1 ! ,confessions ( ,sa9t ,augu/9e1 ! ,life ( ,sa9t ,j]ome1 & especially 8 lett]s1 :i* he read & re-read all 8 life4 ,^! & ! philosoph]s ( ,port ,royal1 ) ,bossuet1 & ,fnelon1 ) ! ,bible & ,virgil1 7 8 m5tal food4 ,virgil & ! ,bible he read always 9 ! ,lat92 he 0 s famili> ) !m bo? t1 :5 a man1 8 biograph]1 ,s5si]1 says he nev] met a m eloqu5t translator ( ^! two books4 ,:5 ! "t came1 !re=e1 = ,millet to g up to ,p>is1 he 0 n1 z has be5 said by "s writ]1 an ignorant peasant1 b a well-taught man :o _h read mu* & dige/$ :at he _h read1 & knew good books f bad4 ,! ne$s ( 8 n>r[ life absorb$ him s s]i\sly t ! se$s ( art t lay hid 9 8 nature f\nd a way to ! light ) difficulty4 ,b 8 ma/]-passion 0 soon to ass]t itself1 &1 z 9 all su* cases1 9 an unexpect$ mann]4 ,millet's attempts at draw+ _h hi!rto be5 conf9$ to /udies made 9 h\rs /ol5 f re/4 ,he _h copi$ ! engrav+s f\nd 9 an old family ,bible1 & he _h drawn1 f 8 w9d[1 ! g>d51 ! /able1 ! field runn+ d[n to ! edge ( ! high cliff1 & ) ! sea 9 ! horizon1 & he _h sometimes tri$ 8 h& at sket*+ ! c[s & %eep 9 ! pa/ure4 ,b he 0 n[ to take a /ep 9 advance4 ,com+ home "o day f *ur*1 he walk$ beh9d an old man b5t ) age & feebl5ess1 pa9fully mak+ 8 way4 ,! =e%ort5+ & ! movem5t ( ! man's figure /ruck ! boy =cibly1 & 9 a fla% he discov]$ ! secret ( p]spective & ! my/]y ( planes4 ,he ran quickly home1 got a p5cil & drew f memory a picture ( ! old man1 s lively 9 its resemblance t z soon z 8 p>5ts saw x1 !y recogniz$ x & fell a-laugh+4 ,talk ) 8 boy reveal$ to ! fa!r 8 son's /rong desire to be an arti/2 b be=e su* a s]i\s /ep c\ld be tak51 x 0 necess>y to consult ) "s p]son bett] able to judge ?an any "o 9 ! ,millet h\sehold4 ,*]b\rg1 ! ne>e/ l>ge t[n1 0 ! natural place :]e to seek advice2 ?i!r ,millet & 8 fa!r repair$1 ! boy ) two draw+s "u 8 arm t he _h made = ! occasion1 & ^! 7 submitt$ to ! critical eye ( ,m\*el1 an old pupil ( ,david1 :o ek$ out ! scanty liv+ he got by pa9t+ by giv+ lessons 9 draw+4 ,:5 ! two draw+s made by "y ,millet 7 %[n him he refus$ to believe !y 7 ! "w ( ! lad ( fifte54 ,! v subjects *os5 by ! boy %[$ some?+ out ( ! common4 ,"o 0 a sort ( home idyl3 two %eph]ds 7 9 a little or*>d close1 "o play+ on ! flute1 ! o!r li/5+2 "s %eep 7 br[s+ ne>4 ,! m5 wore ! bl\se & wood5 %oes ( ,millet's c\ntry2 ! or*>d 0 "o t belong$ to 8 fa!r4 ,! o!r draw+ %[$ a />ry night4 ,a man 0 com+ f ! h\se ) loaves ( bread 9 8 h& :i* he gave to ano!r man :o eag]ly receiv$ !m4 ,und]nea?1 9 ,lat91 7 ! words f ,/4 ,luke3 ,?\gh he w n rise & give him because he is 8 fri5d1 yet because ( 8 importunity he w rise & give him z _m z he ne$e?4 ,a fri5d ( ,millet's1 :o saw ^! draw+s ?irty ye>s aft]1 said !y 7 ! "w ( a man :o already knew ! great significance ( art1 ! effects x 0 capable (1 & :at 7 its res\rces4 ,m\*el cons5t$ to receive ,millet z a pupil1 b1 z x prov$1 he c\ld d little = him 9 ! way ( direct tea*+4 ,he left ! boy free to foll[ 8 own devices4 ,he said to him3 ,d :atev] y wi%2 *oose :atev] model y f9d 9 my /udio t pleases y1 & /udy 9 ! ,museum4 ,?is might n be ! c\rse to foll[ ) e boy1 b ,m\*el _h ! arti/'s p5etration & knew ) :om he _h to deal4 ,! dea? ( ,millet's fa!r int]rupt$ 8 /udies & he return$ home = a:ile to help 8 "m on ! f>m4 ,b x 0 ?\ght be/ t he %\ld keep on ) ! "w he _h begun4 ,! gr&mo!r urg$ 8 return3 ,my ,franois1 %e said1 we mu/ accept ! w ( ,god4 ,?y fa!r1 my son1 ,jean-,l\is1 said t y 7 to be a pa9t]2 obey him1 & g back to ,*]b\rg4 ,millet did n ne$ p]suasion f 8 family4 ,fri5ds 9 ,*]b\rg urg$ him to come back1 promis$ him commissions1 & assur$ him a place 9 ! /udio ( ,langlois1 a pa9t] ( a high] grade ?an ,m\*el1 :o _h rec5tly set up 8 easel 9 ! t[n4 ,once m e/abli%$ at ,*]b\rg ,millet cont9u$ 8 /udies aft] ! same easy fa%ion ) ,langlois z ) 8 =m] ma/]4 ,langlois1 :o 0 z mu* impress$ by 8 pupil's tal5t z ,m\*el _h be5 & will+ to s]ve him1 made a p]sonal appeal to ! mayor & c\ncil1 ask+ t ,millet1 z a promis+ "y arti/ & "o likely to d cr$it to ! t[n1 might be assi/$ 9 go+ to ,p>is to /udy "u bett] advantages ?an he c\ld enjoy at home4 ,on ! /r5g? ( ?is appeal1 ! c\ncil ( ,*]b\rg agre$ to all[ ,millet an annuity ( f\r hundr$ francs1 equal to eighty doll>s4 ,) ?is small sum1 & ! addition ( two hundr$ francs giv5 him at p>t+ by 8 "m & gr&mo!r1 mak+ "o hundr$ & tw5ty doll>s 9 all1 ,millet left 8 quiet life 9 ,norm&y beh9d him & set out = ,p>is1 :]e1 z 8 biograph]1 ,s5si]1 says1 he 0 to pass z a captive ! ri*e/ ye>s ( 8 life4 ,millet 0 tw5ty-two ye>s old :5 he w5t fir/ to ,p>is & he rema9$ !re1 ) occasional visits to ,gru*y & ,*]b\rg1 = ! next ?irte5 ye>s4 ,p>is 01 f ! fir/1 m ?an di/a/eful to him4 ,he 0 ?or\ghly unhappy !re4 ,outside ! ,l\vre & ! /udios ( a few arti/-fri5ds1 he f\nd no?+ t appeal$ to :at 0 deepe/ 9 him4 ,8 fir/ exp]i5ces 7 unusually bitt]4 ,! /ruggle ) pov]ty 0 h>d to be>1 b p]haps a m s]i\s drawback 0 8 want ( an aim 9 art1 ( a sub/antial reason1 s to speak1 = ! pr(ession he _h *os51 lead+ him to "o false move aft] ano!r 9 se>* ( a subject4 ,un=m$ & unrecogniz$ 9 8 m9d lay ! desire to express 9 art ! life he _h left beh9d him 9 ,norm&y2 b x 0 long be=e he arriv$ at ! k ( himself & ( 8 true vocation4 ,he seems to h _h no "o 9 ,p>is to guide or direct him1 & he r /umbl$ into ! /udio ( ,del>o*e1 ?an ent]$ x delib]ately4 ,he made b a brief /ay !re1 & al?\gh he won ! respect ( 8 ma/]1 :o w\ld will+ly h reta9$ him z pupil & assi/ant1 he 0 consci\s t he le>n$ no?+ f ,del>o*e2 & accord+ly1 9 company ) ano!r pupil1 ,m>olles1 :o _h tak5 a great lik+ to him1 he left ! /udio )\t mu* c]emony2 & ! two fri5ds improvis$ a /udio & a lodg+ = !mselves 9 a g>ret 9 a poor qu>t] ( ! city1 & began _! se>* = a means ( pleas+ ! public4 ,b ! way 0 n op5$ to ei!r ( !m2 !y c\ld n sell :at !y pa9t$1 & !y 7 r$uc$ to s]i\s /raits4 ,x 0 n ! fault ( ! public4 ,m>olles 0 b an indiff]5t pa9t] at any "t1 & ,millet w\ld n h blam$ ! public = its indiff]5ce to subjects 9 :i* he himself took no real int]e/4 ,millet 0 at a loss :at to d = bread4 ,8 m9d ran back cont9ually to 8 rural life at ,gru*y4 ,:at if ,i %\ld pa9t m5 m[+ or w9n[+8 he said to ,m>olles2 _! movem5ts are picturesque6 ,y c\ld n sell !m1 repli$ 8 fri5d4 ,well1 !n1 :at d y say to fauns & dryads8 ,:o 9 ,p>is c>es = fauns & dryads8 ,:at %all ,i d1 !n8 said ,millet 9 despair4 ,:at does ! public l8 ,x likes ,b\*]'s ,cupids1 ,watteau's ,pa/orals1 nudities1 anecdotes1 & copies ( ! pa/4 ,x 0 h>d = ,millet1 b hung] drove him4 ,he w\ld n appeal to 8 family1 life 0 z difficult = !m z = him4 ,b be=e yield+ he w\ld make "o m trial1 pa9t+ some?+ f 8 own fancy4 ,he made a small picture repres5t+ ,*>ity--a sad-fac$ woman *]i%+ ?ree *ildr5 9 h] arms4 ,he c>ri$ x to ! deal]s3 n "o ( !m w\ld buy x4 ,he came back to ,m>olles4 ,give me a subject1 he said1 & ,i w pa9t x4 ,to ?is "t belong ! pictures = :i* ,millet has be5 mu* criticis$ by p :o did n appreciate 8 position4 ,"s ( !m recall ,watteau1 o!rs ,b\*]1 b !y h a *>m1 a grace ( _! own2 !y are f> f be+ copies ( ^! m54 ,o!rs 7 fanciful subjects to :i* ,m>olles gave names likely to attract ! notice ( picture-buy]s 9 se>* ( a subject4 ,b all 0 9 va94 ,! deal]s 7 ob/9ate3 ! public unsympa!tic4 ,! highe/ price t 0 (f]$ 0 nev] above tw5ty francs1 or five doll>s4 ,yet ) ?is 9 8 pocket1 ,millet deem$ himself already on ! high road to =tune1 & saw ! day n di/ant :5 he c\ld pa9t at 8 pleasure ! ru/ic subjects1 memories ( 8 home1 t _h always be5 9 8 m9d4 ,sev]al times 9 ! c\rse ( ?is h>d novitiate1 ,millet _h escap$ f ,p>is = a visit to 8 own c\ntry4 ,at "o "t he _h rema9$ = a ye> at ,*]b\rg1 :]e he pa9t$ portraits = su* small sums z he c\ld get1 & "h he & "o ( 8 sitt]s1 a "y girl ( ,*]b\rg1 fall+ 9 love ) "o ano!r1 7 m>ri$4 ,! m>riage only add$1 z might h be5 =ese51 to ,millet's tr\bles3 8 wife's heal? 0 always delicate2 aft] h] m>riage x became worse1 & %e di$ f\r ye>s aft] 9 ,p>is4 ,n long aft] h] dea? ,millet m>ri$ aga91 & ?is prov$ a =tunate v5ture4 ,8 wife came ) him to ,p>is1 & ! /ruggle ) life began anew4 ,! turn+-po9t 9 ! long p]iod ( ,millet's unc]ta9ties & disappo9tm5ts ) himself came 9 #ahdi1 :5 ! political tr\bles ( ! "t1 & ! visit ( ! *ol]a1 comb9$ to drive him & 8 family f ,p>is4 ,!y took refuge at ,b>bizon1 a small hamlet on ! outskirts ( ! ,=e/ ( ,fonta9ebleau1 & "h1 9 ! place t 0 to be =ev] associat$ ) 8 "n & "w1 ,millet pass$1 ) few int]ruptions1 ! rema9+ ye>s ( 8 life4 ,! phrase s (t5 he>d to-day1 ,! ,b>bizon ,s*ool1 is r wid] ?an a /rict int]pretation w\ld w>rant1 s9ce ,millet & ,r\sseau 7 ! only ones ( ! gr\p :o liv$ 9 ! village4 ,corot 0 n acqua9t$ ) ,millet4 ,decamps 0 nev] 9 ,millet's h\se except z a r>e visitor to 8 /udio4 ,diaz liv$ 9 ,p>is4 ,jacque1 ! pa9t] ( %eep1 0 a fri5d ( ,millet1 & = a "t at lea/ liv$ at ,b>bizon 9 ! h\se :]e he lodg$ be=e he procur$ a home ( 8 own4 ,! arti/ic relation%ip betwe5 ^! arti/s is slight1 except 9 ! case ( ,r\sseau & ,diaz1 & ev5 !re x is only occasionally to be detect$4 ,all ^! m51 ) ,dupr1 ,c\rbet & ,delacroix1 7 c\nt$ h]etics 9 art by ! ,academy & ! (ficial critics1 & z ,millet 0 ! mo/ m>k$ figure 9 ! gr\p & 0 greatly admir$ & respect$ by all :o compos$ x1 x 0 p]haps natural t !y %\ld be consid]$ by ! public z disciples ( ! peasant pa9t] ( ,b>bizon4 ,"h1 !n1 at ,b>bizon1 ,millet liv$ = ! rema9+ tw5ty-sev5 ye>s ( 8 life1 divid+ 8 day betwe5 ! labors ( 8 f>m 9 ! morn+ h\rs1 pa9t+ 9 8 /udio 9 ! aft]noon--he always pref]r$ ! half-light = pa9t+--& 9 ! ev5+ enjoy+ ! society ( 8 wife & *ildr5 & ( su* fri5ds z might jo9 ! circle4 ,occasional visits to ,p>is1 to ! gall]ies1 & to ! /udios ( 8 arti/-circle1 kept him 9 t\* ) ! _w to :i* he belong$4 ,8 books1 too1 7 8 unfail+ companions1 ?\gh he nev] c>$ to /ray f> beyond ! circle ( 8 y\?ful fri5d%ips1 ,hom]1 & ,virgil1 & especially ! ,bible1 :i* he look$ ^u z ! book ( pa9t]s1 ! inexhau/ible s\rce ( ! noble/ & mo/ t\*+ subjects1 capable ( expression 9 ! gr&e/ =ms4 ,b x 0 9 ! rural life ab\t him1 ! life 9 :i* he actively %>$1 t he f\nd ! _w :]e9 he c\ld p\r all 8 ?\ghts1 feel+s1 & exp]i5ces ) ! c]ta9ty ( see+ !m em]ge 9 =ms answ]+ to 8 conception4 ,x 0 n until he came to ,b>bizon t he began truly to live ! arti/-life z he und]/ood x1 :]e ! "w is a fai?ful reflection ( ! only ?+s a man really c>es =--! ?+s he kn[s by he>t4 ,9 ! pictures pa9t$ at ,b>bizon1 & 9 ! multitude ( slight sket*es = subjects nev] pa9t$1 ) f9i%$ draw+s & pa/els1 ,millet has compos$ a s]ies ( moral eclogues well wor?y ( a place ) ^? ( ,virgil & ,!ocritus4 ,all ! _w kn[s !m2 all ! _w loves !m3 ! ,"m ,fe$+ ,h] ,*ildr51 ,! ,peasant ,graft+1 ,! ,fir/ ,/ep1 ,go+ to ,"w1 ,! ,s[]1 ,! ,glean]s1 ,! ,%eep-,%e>+1 ,! ,angelus--ev5 to "n !m w\ld c>ry u f> beyond our limits4 ,!y made ! fame ( ,millet :ile he /ill liv$1 al?\gh ! pecuni>y rew>d ( 8 labors 0 n :at !y des]v$ nor :at x w\ld h be5 _h he e>li] f\nd 8 true way or _h 8 life be5 prolong$ to ! normal limit4 ,he di$ 9 #ahge at ! age ( sixty-"o4 ,s9ce 8 dea? m ?an "o ( 8 pictures has be5 sold at a price exce$+ all t he e>n$ dur+ 8 :ole lifetime4 ,se5 f ! _w's side1 !re 0 mu* 9 8 life t 0 sad & disc\rag+1 b f ! spiritual side !re 0 f> m to *e] & uplift4 ,8 private life 0 honorable & happy1 8 fri5ds 7 _m & among ! *os5 ones ( ! "t1 & he _h ! happ9ess ( see+ 8 "w accept$ & rat$ at some?+ l its true wor? be=e he left x4 ,signature ( ! au?or4 ,,meissoni]#g ,footnote #g3 ,copyright1 #ahid1 by ,selm> ,hess4 ,by ,,cl>5ce ,,cook 7#ahac-ahia7 ,illu/ration3 ,meissoni]4 ,among ! _m beautiful pa9t+s collect$ 9 ! ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art ( ,new ,york1 !re is "o t always attracts a cr[d1 on ! free-days & holidays :5 ! g5]al public f9ds admission4 ,?is is ! picture call$ simply1 ,fri$l&3 #ahjg1 & repres5t+ ! soldi]s ( ,napoleon salut+ ! emp]or at ! battle ( ,fri$l&4 ,x 0 pa9t$ by ,jean ,l\is ,meissoni] = ! late ,a4 ,t4 ,/ew>t1 ( ,new ,york1 :o paid = x :at seem$ a v l>ge sum1 #fj1jjj2 b :5 ,mr4 ,/ew>t di$1 & 8 pictures 7 sold at auction1 ?is pa9t+ br\ght ! /ill l>g] sum ( #ff1jjj1 %[+ t a great _m p admir$ ! "w1 & 7 will+ to pay a good price = x4 ,! picture 0 b\ght by ,judge ,hilton1 ( ,new ,york1 & 0 pres5t$ by him to ! ,metropolitan ,museum z a memorial ( ! long fri5d%ip t _h exi/$ betwe5 himself & ,mr4 ,/ew>t4 ,no d\bt ! facts ( ! high price paid = ! picture1 & t a gift ( su* value %\ld be made to ! ,museum1 h caus$ a great _m p to look at ! pa9t+ ) m int]e/ ?an !y w\ld1 _h ! circum/ances be5 less uncommon4 ,b a great _m m p f9d ?is picture int]e/+ = its own sake2 !y are mov$ r by ! spirit$ way 9 :i* x tells its /ory1 & f9d _! curiosity excit$ by ! /udi\s accuracy %[n by ! arti/ 9 ! pa9t+ ( e detail4 ,! sc5e ( ! action is a field t has be5 plant$ ) gra9 :i* n[ lies trampl$ "u ! feet ( m5 & horses4 ,! turn+-po9t 9 ! battle has be5 rea*$1 & 9 ! joy ( com+ victory1 ! body-gu>d ( ! emp]or1 spurr+ _! jad$ horses to ! hillock :]e he sits on 8 :ite *>g] surr\nd$ by 8 m\nt$ /aff1 salute him ) l\d cries z !y ru% madly by him4 ,napoleon1 calm & self-possess$1 returns ! salute1 b x is pla9 8 ?\ghts are busi] ) ! battle t is rag+ 9 ! di/ance ?an ) ^! demon/rations ( 8 body-gu>d's loyalty4 ,?is picture 0 ! favorite "w ( ! arti/2 he calls x1 ! life & joy ( my /udio1 & he is said to h work$ on x at int]vals dur+ fifte5 ye>s4 ,illu/ration3 ,meissoni]'s ,ateli]4 ,somebody has said t g5ius means no?+ b tak+ pa9s4 ,9 t case1 ,meissoni] mu/ h be5 a man ( g5ius1 =1 ) :atev] he pa9t$1 7 x small or great1 he took inf9ite pa9s1 nev] cont5t until he _h done ev]y?+ 9 8 p[] to %[ ?+s exactly z !y 74 ,?us1 9 ! picture we h j be5 describ+1 we may be sure t we "k1 f look+ at x1 exactly h[ ,napoleon 0 dress$ on ! day ( ,fri$l&1 & also h[ ea* memb] ( 8 milit>y /aff 0 dress$2 n a button1 nor a /rap1 nor any smalle/ detail b has be5 fai?fully copi$ f ! ?+ itself1 :ile e head 9 ! gr\p is a tru/wor?y portrait4 ,:5 x 0 n possible to get ! actual dress worn by ! p]son he 0 pa9t+1 ,meissoni] sp>$ no pa9s nor money to obta9 an exact copy4 ,h[ x 0 9 ! case ( ! ,fri$l&1 we d n "k1 b :5 he pa9t$ ! ,m>* to ,p>is1 ,meissoni] borr[$ f ! ,museum1 9 ,p>is1 :]e relics ( all ! k+s ( ,france are kept 7! ,muse des ,s\v]a9s71 ! fam\s little gray rid+-coat worn by ,napoleon at ! battle ( ! ,pyramids & 9 o!r engagem5ts4 ,?is coat1 ,meissoni] _h copi$ by a tailor1 ) ! m9ute/ accuracy1 & x 0 !n worn by ! model :ile he 0 pa9t+ ! picture4 ,! same pa9s 7 tak5 ) ! cuirassi]s :o are da%+ across ! front ( ! picture 9 ! ,fri$l&4 ,z w be se5 on look+ closely1 "o model s]v$ = all ! m5 9 ! front rank1 b z ! uni=m 0 ! same x 0 only necess>y to v>y ! attitude4 ,! uni=m & all ! acc\trem5ts 7 c>efully reproduc$ by workm5 f orig9als ( ! "t1 borr[$ by ,meissoni] = ! purpose1 & ! model 0 !n m\nt$ on a jo9t$ wood5 horse & made to take ! attitude requir$3 ! action ( ! horse 0 z c>efully /udi$ f t ( ! liv+ animal4 ,by ! "t t ,meissoni] came to pa9t ?is picture1 he 0 s fam\s an arti/1 & _h ga9$ su* a place 9 ! _w1 t he c\ld h almo/ any?+ he ask$ = to aid him 9 8 "w4 ,s1 :51 ) ! same desire = accuracy t he _h %[n 9 pa9t+ o!r p>ts ( ! picture1 he came to pa9t ! trampl$ gra91 ! ,gov]nm5t1 or s we are told1 b\ght ! use ( a field ( ripe gra9 & l5t ,meissoni] ! s]vices ( a company ( cuirassi]s :o 7 set to da%+ ab\t 9 x until !y _h got x into prop] condition4 ,we c see t ! co/ ( all ?is accuracy w\ld1 9 ! end1 am\nt to a consid]able sum1 & :5 we reckon ! "t ( an arti/ s di/+ui%$ z ,meissoni]1 x is n s surpris+ z x may h appe>$ at fir/1 t 8 picture %\ld h br\ght s mu* money4 ,( c\rse1 ,meissoni] did n come all at once to fame & prosp]ity4 ,! rew>ds he ga9$ 7 su* z are e>n$ only by h>d & con/ant labor4 ,:5 he came to ,p>is ab\t ! ye> #ahcb1 f ,lyons1 :]e he 0 born1 he 0 ab\t n9ete5 ye>s old4 ,8 p>5ts 7 9 humble circum/ances1 & w\ld seem to h be5 able to d no?+ to advance ! lad1 :o arriv$ 9 ,p>is ) little money 9 8 pocket1 & ) no fri5ds at h&4 ,he _h1 h[ev]1 ! mat]ials out ( :i* fri5ds & money are made3 heal?1 a g5]\s _s1 en]gy1 & a cle> purpose1 & ) ^! he w5t to "w4 ,we d n he> mu* ab\t 8 e>ly life 9 ,p>is4 ,:5 he fir/ appe>s 9 sight1 he is work+ 9 ! same /udio ) ,daubigny1 ! l&scape-pa9t]1 ! two pa9t+ pictures = a doll> ! squ>e y>d1 religi\s pictures probably1 & probably also copies1 to be s5t into ! c\ntry & hung up 9 ! p>i% *ur*es4 ,al?\gh ?is may h seem$ l h>d%ip at ! "t1 yet !re is no d\bt x 0 good practice1 = among arti/s we are told x is an accept$ doctr9e t 9 ord] to pa9t on a small scale really well1 y mu/ be able to pa9t on a l>g]4 ,& x is said t ,meissoni] 0 9 ! habit all 8 life ( mak+ life-size /udies 9 ord] to keep 8 /yle f fall+ into pett9ess4 ,s1 aft] all1 ! pa9t+ ( ^! big pictures may h be5 a useful ordeal = ! arti/ :o = ! next sixty ye>s 0 to reap fame by pa9t+ small ones4 ,:ile he 0 e>n+ a scanty liv+ by ?is hack-"w1 ,meissoni] f\nd "t to pa9t two pictures :i* he s5t to ! ,salon ( #ahcf4 ,"o ( ^! attract$ ! att5tion ( a clev] arti/1 ,tony ,johannot1 :o introduc$ him to ,lon ,cogniet1 ) :om he /udi$ = a "t1 b f :om he le>n$ b little4 ,! me*anism ( 8 art he _h pretty well ma/]$ already1 z 0 %[n by ! ,salon accept+ 8 e>ly pictures1 & ! *ief advantage he ga9$ f 8 /ay 9 ,cogniet's /udio 0 a wid] acqua9tance ) ! _w ( arti/s2 = ,cogniet 0 a favorite tea*]1 & _h a great _m pupils1 n a few ( :om became di/+ui%$ pa9t]s4 ,b 8 /yle ( pa9t+ 0 n "o to attract ,meissoni]1 :o 0 ambiti\s to pa9t l ! old ,dut* arti/s1 ,t]burg1 ,metzu1 ,mi]is1 & o!rs1 :o h ! *>m t _! pictures are f9i%$ ) ! mo/ exquisite m9ut5ess1 & yet treat$ 9 su* a l>ge way t1 aft] a:ile1 we =get ! microscopic wond] ( ! p]=mance & ?9k only ( ! skill ! arti/ has %[n 9 pa9t+ "*4 ,meissoni] 0 ! fir/ arti/ to br+ back into favor ! ,dut* s*ool ( pa9t+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,l\is ,,xiv41 :o set ! fa%ion 9 ev]y?+ 9 8 day1 _h set ! fa%ion ( despis+ ! ,dut* pa9t]s1 & ! ,fr5* p _h nev] unle>n$ ! lesson4 ,x 0 ,meissoni] :o br\ght back ! ta/e1 & taught ! public to admire ^! small panels :]e int]e/ 9 ! subject is = ! mo/ "p lo/ 9 ! exquisite beauty ( ! pa9t+ & :]e ! ,dut* pa9t]s ( simil> subjects are successfully met on _! own gr\nd & equall$ 9 e respect except 9 ! *>m ( color4 ,!re is an old say+3 ,imitation is ! s9c]e/ mode ( flatt]y2 & ,meissoni]'s imm$iate success ) ! public 0 ! signal = a bevy ( imitators to try to w9 a l success by l me?ods4 ,"s ( ^! arti/s 7 v clev]1 b an imitator is b an imitator aft] all1 & is m apt to call att5tion to 8 model ?an to himself4 ,x mu/ be admitt$ t ,meissoni] himself has suff]$ some:at 9 ! same way3 ! evid5t fact t 8 me?ods ( pa9t+ 7 inspir$ by ! /udy ( ! ,dut* ma/]s has l$ to 8 be+ call$ an imitator1 & 8 pictures are (t5 comp>$1 & n to _! advantage1 ) ^? ( 8 models4 ,meissoni] is1 h[ev]1 v mu* m ?an an imitator2 he 0 inspir$ by ! ,dut* pa9t]s1 b he soon f\nd a way ( 8 own1 & he has put s mu* ( himself into 8 "w1 t ! *>ge ( imitation long s9ce ceas$ to be br\ght aga9/ him4 ,:ile he 0 /ill n mu* kn[n to ! public1 ! ,duke ( ,orleans b\ght ( him1 = six hundr$ francs1 a picture t to-day is wor? ?irty ?\s& francs4 ,z is usual 9 su* affairs1 ! pur*ase 0 made1 n by ! duke 9 p]son1 b by an ag5t3 9 ?is case1 x 0 8 secret>y1 ,m4 ,adal9e1 :o b\ght ! picture f ,meissoni]1 :o z an ackn[l$gm5t ( ! s]vice gave ! secret>y a wat]-color draw+ :i*1 to-day1 l ev]y?+ com+ f ! h& ( ,meissoni]1 w\ld br+ ! own] a good r\nd sum if (f]$ = sale4 ,9 #ahfe1 ,meissoni]'s son ,*>les1 himself a v good pa9t]1 w5t to a co/ume-ball dress$ l a ,flem+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury & look+ z if he _h /epp$ out ( a picture by ,t]burg4 ,! co/ume _h be5 made ) ! greate/ accuracy1 & ,meissoni] 0 s pleas$ ) 8 son's appe>ance t he made a /udy & sold x = two ?\s& francs4 ,tw5ty ye>s aft]1 9 #ahhd1 he>+ t x 0 to be sold at auction1 & desir+1 out ( affection = 8 son1 to h ! /udy back aga91 he ask$ 8 fri5d1 ,m4 ,petit1 to buy x = him1 at :atev] co/4 ,a ri* ,p>isian1 ,m4 ,secretan1 :o _h a collection ( pictures s9ce become fam\s--x 0 to him t ,millet's ,l',angelus belong$--& :o _h su* an admiration = ,meissoni] & 8 "w t he _h paid no less ?an f\r hundr$ ?\s& francs = 8 picture ,les ,cuirassi]s1 he>+ f ,m4 ,petit ( ,meissoni]'s desire = ! portrait ( 8 son1 b\ght ! picture = tw5ty-five ?\s& francs & pres5t$ x to ! arti/4 ,^! /ories are told only z illu/rations ( ! gr[? ( ,meissoni]'s reputation & ( ! increas$ numb] ( p :o desire to h an example ( 8 "w4 ,! rise 9 value ( a small sket* ( a s+le figure1 f #ejj to #e1jjj1 9 fifte5 ye>s1 is no great] 9 proportion ?an has happ5$ 9 ! case ( e "o ( ,meissoni]'s pictures1 draw+s1 /udies1 & ev5 8 slight sket*es1 on "s ( :i* orig9ally he w\ld h plac$ no value at all4 ,yet ev]y?+ he left beh9d him1 ev5 unconsid]$ trifles1 are f\nd to be ( value1 & ! sale ( ! cont5ts ( 8 /udio j end$ 9 ,p>is br\ght ne>ly five hundr$ ?\s& francs1 al?\gh ! collection conta9$ n a s+le f9i%$ picture ( importance1 b 0 made up almo/ entirely ( unf9i%$ /udies & ( sket*es4 ,meissoni]'s indu/ry 0 con/ant & untir+4 ,x is told ( him t he r>ely _h ! p5cil or ! bru% out ( 8 h& :5 9 ! h\se1 & t :5 he call$ at a fri5d's h\se & 0 kept wait+ he us$ ! sp>e m9utes 9 sket*+ ^u ! fir/ piece ( pap] t he f\nd at h&4 ,"o ( 8 fri5ds1 :o knew ( ?is habit1 collect$ 9 ! c\rse ( _m visits he receiv$ f ! arti/ en\gh ( ^! scraps to fill a small album2 :ile x is told ( ano!r ( 8 fri5ds t he in/ruct$ 8 s]vant to put beside ,meissoni]'s c(fee-cup aft] d9n] a numb] ( bits ( pap] ( ! size ( cig>ette-pap]s b ( bett] quality on :i* ,meissoni] 9 8 abs5t way w\ld fall to draw+ z he *att$ ) 8 companions4 ,aft] d9n] ^! jott+s rema9$ z a valuable memorial ( 8 visit4 ,p]haps if !y 7 all collect$1 ^! slight affairs might br+ en\gh at auction to pay = all ! d9n]s to :i* ! prud5t ho/ _h invit$ ! arti/4 ,! _w ( subjects includ$ 9 ,meissoni]'s art 0 a v n>r[ "o1 & 0 n calculat$ to int]e/ m5 & wom5 9 g5]al4 ,! ne>e/ t he came to /rik+ ! popul> note 0 9 8 ,napoleon subjects1 & beside ! excell5ce ( ! pa9t+1 ^! pictures really make a valuable s]ies ( hi/orical docum5ts by reason ( _! accuracy4 ,b ! great] numb] ( ! pictures :i* he left beh9d him are *iefly int]e/+ f ! beautiful way 9 :i* !y are pa9t$3 we accept ! subject = ! sake ( ! art4 ,! _w rew>d$ him = all ?is pati5t labor1 ?is exquisite workman%ip1 by an imm5se =tune t enabl$ him to live 9 spl5dor1 & to be g5]\s )\t /9t4 ,f ! humble lodg+s ( 8 y\? 9 ! ,rue des ,ec\ffes1 he pass$1 9 "t1 to ! palace 9 ! ,place ,mal%]bes :]e he sp5t ! latt] half ( 8 long life 9 luxuri\s surr\nd+s3 pictures & /atues1 ri* furniture1 tape/ries & armor & curiosities ( art f e l&4 ,b ! visitor1 aft] pass+ ?r\gh all ?is spl5dor1 came ^u ! arti/ 9 a /udio1 ample & well light$ inde$1 b furni%$ only = "w1 :]e1 to ! end ( 8 life1 he pursu$ 8 indu/ri\s call+ ) all ! en]gy & ardor ( y\?4 ,he di$ 9 #ahia1 & 0 buri$ by ! gov]nm5t ) all ! honors t befitt$ "o ( h] mo/ illu/ri\s citiz5s4 ,signature ( ! au?or4 ,,rosa ,,bonheur#h ,footnote #h3 ,copyright1 #ahid1 by ,selm> ,hess4 ,by ,,cl>5ce ,,cook 7,,born #ahbb7 ,a girl ( some?+ ov] t51 ( /urdy build1 ) a d>k complexion1 deep blue eyes1 & /rong features cr[n$ by a head ( clu/]+ curls1 is sitt+ 9 ! w9d[ ( a pla9ly furni%$ room1 high up 9 an ap>tm5t-h\se 9 ,p>is4 ,9 a cage at h] side is a p>rot1 :i*1 ) its head on "o side1 is gravely call+ out ! lett]s ( ! alphabet1 :ile ! *ild z gravely repeats !m1 int]rupt+ ! lesson e n[ & !n by a visit to ! o!r side ( ! room1 :]e a pet lamb greets its "y mi/ress ) a fri5dly bleat4 ,?is is our fir/ glimpse ( ,rosalie1 kn[n n[ to all ! _w z ,rosa ,bonheur1 ! pa9t] ( ,! ,horse ,fair & ( _m ano!r picture1 :i* h e>n$ = h] ! di/9ction ( ! be/ animal-pa9t] ( h] "t4 ,h] fa!r's family belong$ to ,bordeaux4 ,raymond ,bonheur _h gone up z a y\? to ,p>is to /udy art4 ,aft] ! usual appr5tice%ip to privation :i* art exacts f h] s]vants1 he _h become mod]ately successful1 :5 ! condition ( 8 p>5ts1 n[ old & poorly-(f1 mov$ him to return to ,bordeaux & d :at he c\ld to make _! life easi]4 ,z ! *ances = a pr(essional arti/ 7 small1 he adopt$ ! mode/ employm5t ( draw+-tea*]4 ,8 skill soon br\ght him pupils2 among !m a "y lady f ,altona1 betwe5 :om & h] tea*] a mutual int]e/ sprang up :i* l$ to _! m>riage4 ,raymond ,bonheur br\ght 8 wife home to 8 fa!r's h\se1 :]e %e 0 welcom$ z a daught]1 & = ! brief t]m ( h] life all w5t well4 ,:at ! husb& e>n$ by 8 draw+-lessons1 ! wife supplem5t$ by h] lessons 9 music2 b ?is happ9ess 0 n to la/4 ,! p>5ts ( ,raymond ,bonheur di$1 & !n1 aft] n m ?an twelve ye>s ( m>riage1 ! wife di$1 leav+ beh9d h] f\r *ildr51 ,rosalie1 ,francois-,augu/e1 ,jules-,isidore1 & ,juliette4 ,illu/ration3 ,rosa ,bonheur4 ,rosalie is ! be/ kn[n ( ^! f\r *ildr5 ( ,raymond ,bonheur2 b ea* ( !m has honorably connect$ 8 "n ) ! art ( mod]n ,france4 ,francois-,augu/e has a reputation z an animal-pa9t] almo/ equal to t ( 8 si/] ,rosa4 ,a f9e picture pa9t$ by him1 ,cattle 9 ! ,=e/ ( ,fonta9ebleau1 0 once ! prop]ty ( ! late ,a4 ,t4 ,/ew>t4 ,8 m]it secur$ him ! ,cross ( ! ,legion ( ,honor 9 #ahfg4 ,he di$ 9 #ahhj4 ,! o!r bro!r1 ,jules-,isidore1 has ga9$ di/9ction z a sculptor ( animals2 mo/ ( 8 "w is on a small scale1 b he has design$ "s l>ge pieces t decorate 8 si/]'s *teau ne> ,fonta9ebleau4 ,juliette ,bonheur m>ri$ a ,m4 ,peyrol1 & jo9+ h] family-"n to 81 is kn[n 9 ! art-_w z ,mme4 ,peyrol ,bonheur4 ,x is ?us %e signs h] pictures1 mo/ly /ill-life & animal subjects1 :i* h ga9$ = h] a good position among ! m9or arti/s ( ,france4 ,rosa1 ! elde/ ( ! family1 born 9 #ahbb1 0 t5 ye>s old :5 h] "m di$4 ,n long aft]1 ,raymond ,bonheur decid$ to leave ,bordeaux & to return to ,p>is1 :]e ! *ances = pr(essional success 7 bett] ?an 9 a prov9cial t[n1 & :]e !re 7 great] opportunities = ! education ( 8 "y *ildr54 ,! *ange prov$ v di/a/eful1 h[ev]1 to ! little ones4 ,accu/om$ to ! comp>ative fre$om ( ! t[n 9 :i* !y _h be5 br\ght up1 & :]e _! family _h be5 s long root$ t _! circle ( fri5ds & relatives gave !m playmates & companions 9 pl5ty1 !y f\nd !mselves v lonely 9 ,p>is1 :]e !y 7 r$uc$ = a good "p ( ! "t to su* amusem5t z !y c\ld f9d 9 ! n>r[ qu>t]s ( _! rooms on ! six? floor ( an ap>tm5t-h\se4 ,x is n ! cu/om 9 ,p>is = ! *ildr51 ev5 ( ! poor1 to make a playgr\nd ( ! /reet1 & our little ones _h nobody to walk out ) !m b an old s]vant :o _h come ) !m f ,bordeaux1 & :o 0 ill-fitt$1 = all h] virtues1 to take a "m's place to ! *ildr54 ,%e 0 hone/ & fai?ful1 b l all ( h] class1 %e lik$ r\t9e & ord]1 & %e c\ld make no all[ances = ! re/lessness ( h] bright-m9d$ *>ge4 ,rosa 0 h] especial torm5t2 ! black %eep ( ! brood4 ,h\sehold tasks %e despis$1 & /udy1 z x 0 pursu$ 9 ! successive s*ools to :i* h] despair+ fa!r s5t h]1 _h no *>ms = h]4 ,h] be/ playmates 7 animals2 ! horses & dogs %e saw 9 ! /reets & :i* %e fe>lessly acco/$2 ! %eep t f\nd itself que]ly lodg$ on ! top floor ( a city h\se2 & ! p>rot :i*1 z we h se51 0 n only h] playmate b h] s*oolma/]4 ,!re came a "t :5 ! *>ge ( su* a *ild1 s av]se to rules & s giv5 to /range ways ( pass+ h] "t1 became too mu* = ! old s]vant ) h] or?odox views ( life1 & %e p]suad$ ,rosa's fa!r to put h] z a day-s*ol> ) ! nuns at ,*aillot1 a small suburb ( ,p>is4 ,h[ x happ5$ t %e 0 all[$ to g back & =? alone1 betwe5 home & s*ool1 we d n "k2 b x is n to be wond]$ at if %e 7 irregul> 9 h] h\rs2 if1 "o day1 %e set ! nuns wond]+ :y %e did n appe> at s*ool-op5+1 & ano!r day put ! old s]vant into a twitt] because %e did n come home 9 season4 ,! tru? 01 %e _h f\nd t !re 0 some?+ bett] 9 ,p>is ?an /reets & %ops & tall h\ses2 %e _h discov]$ a wood !re1 a v]itable =e/1 ) trees1 & pools ( wat]1 & birds1 & wild fl[]s1 & ?\gh ?is en*ant$ spot :i* citiz5s call$ ! ,bois de ,b\logne--n !n a =mal p>k z x is to-day--0 (f ! road to ,*aillot1 yet x 0 n s f> t %e ne$ fe> gett+ lo/ 9 go+ !re or 9 com+ back4 ,no wond]1 !n1 if1 once ?is way discov]$ ( escape f tiresome s*ool duties1 x 0 travell$ s (t5 by ,rosalie1 & t h] s*ool-"w became 9 consequ5ce s unsatisfactory t at l5g? ! pati5t nuns remon/rat$4 ,!y advis$ ,rosa's fa!r1 s9ce %e nei!r w\ld nor c\ld le>n any?+ f books1 t x w\ld be bett] to put h] to "s useful trade by :i* %e might e>n h] liv+2 & ! good si/]s sugge/$--dressmak+6 ,! wisdom ( ^! ladies1 :o c\ld n see t !y 7 deal+ ) ! la/ woman 9 ! _w to :om dressmak+ c\ld be int]e/+1 0 mat*$ by t ( ! fa!r1 :o %[$ himself s bl9d to ! "* ( 8 daught] t he resolv$ to act at once ^u ! advice ( ! nuns2 & )\t consult+ ! wi%es ( poor ,rosalie he appr5tic$ h] /raightway to a ,p>isian dressmak]4 ,! docile girl all[$ ! yoke to be slipp$ ov] h] head )\t compla9t1 b ! conf9em5t wore ^u h] heal? & spirits1 & aft] a %ort trial ! exp]im5t _h to be ab&on$4 ,h] fa!r yield$ to h] entreaties & took h] home4 ,illu/ration3 ,rosa ,bonheur4 ,! girl 0 long 9 com+ to a k ( h]self4 ,al?\gh %e 0 to be1 9 "t1 a fam\s arti/1 ! famili> leg5d ( ! biograph]s is want+ 9 h] case2 we read no?+ ab\t scribbl$ books or walls defac$ by *ildi% sket*es1 nor does %e appe> to h h&l$ a p5cil or a bru% until %e 0 a girl well gr[n4 ,h] fa!r's means 7 n suffici5t to give ,rosa or 8 o!r *ildr5 an education su* z he c\ld wi%2 b an exp$i5t sugge/$ itself 9 8 p]plexity ov] ?is late/ exp]im5t 9 provid+ = 8 elde/ daught]3 he propos$ to ! pr9cipal ( a "y ladies' s*ool :]e he taught draw+1 t 8 s]vices %\ld be accept$ 9 paym5t ( ,rosa's education4 ,! (f] 0 accept$1 & 9 ! regul> c\rse ( /udy ,rosa became a memb] ( h] fa!r's draw+-class4 ,x 0 n long be=e %e surpass$ all h] s*ool-fell[s 9 t dep>tm5t1 & f\nd h]self = ! fir/ "t 9 h] life 9 possession ( ! key to t happ9ess :i* consi/s 9 kn[+ :at we c d1 & feel+ ! /r5g? )9 u to d x4 ,"s ( ! biograph]s ( ,rosa's life speak ( unhappy days at ?is s*ool3 ! ri*] girls made sport ( ! dress ( ! draw+-ma/]'s daught]1 & ( h] indep5d5t1 awkw>d ways4 ,h] progress 9 draw+1 too1 0 c\nt]balanc$ by h] sl[ness 9 h] o!r /udies2 9 fact h] new accompli%m5t 0 su* a delight to h]1 t 9 h] devotion to x %e became less & less int]e/$ 9 h] books2 & z = dress--t x %\ld be clean & suit$ bo? to h] means & to ! "w %e 0 do+1 0 all t conc]n$ h]1 !n or s9ce6 ,at ! end ( h] fir/ ye> 9 s*ool1 ,rosa obta9$ h] fa!r's p]mission to give up h] o!r /udies & to ent] 8 /udio z pupil & assi/ant4 ,f t "t1 ?\gh z yet %e _h n f\nd ! reason ( h] vocation1 yet h] true life _h begun4 ,%e work$ dilig5tly "u ! direction ( a ma/] %e lov$1 & h] fa!r1 9 8 turn1 delight$ at ! discov]y ( a tal5t s long hid1 r$\bl$ 8 ef=ts to advance 8 pupil & to make up = lo/ "t4 ,rosa work$ = "s mon?s at copy+ 9 ! ,l\vre1 b ?\gh %e work$ ) su* dilig5ce & skill z to w9 ! praise ( ! director1 %e came1 aft] a "t1 to feel t ! m]e copy+ ( ! works ( o!r m51 h[ev] great1 0 n ! goal %e 0 /riv+ aft]2 s "o day %e took a sudd5 det]m9ation1 left ! ,l\vre1 pack$ up h] pa9t+ mat]ials1 & />t$ (f = "o ( ! rural suburbs ( ,p>is1 :]e %e sat h]self d[n to sket* f nature4 ,h] love ( animals1 hi!rto an aimless pleasure1 n[ took on a new phase z %e saw h] belov$ c[s & %eep 9 _! place 9 nature giv+ life & animation to ! l&scape4 ,9 ! w9t] season1 :5 "w out-(-doors 0 no long] pleasant or pr(itable1 ,rosa made :at use %e c\ld ( ! few opportunities ,p>is _h to (f] = ! /udy ( animals4 ,%e sp5t :at "t %e c\ld sp>e f "w at ! horse-m>ket2 %e visit$ ! slaught]-h\ses1 & ! suburban fairs :]e cattle & horses1 %eep & pigs compete = prizes1 & 9 ^! places %e fill$ h] portfolios ) sket*es4 ,9 #ahdj %e s5t h] fir/ picture to ! ,salon1 & z x 0 accept$ & well receiv$1 %e cont9u$ to s5d h] "w e ye>2 b1 up to #ahdi1 h] pictures 7 small1 & _h little m int]e/ ?an belongs to simple /udies f nature2 #ahdi 0 a memorable ye> to h]1 z x 0 to ,france4 ,9 ?is ye> h] fa!r di$ ( *ol]a1 j z he _h be5 appo9t$ director ( ! ,s*ool ( ,design = ,"y ,girls4 ,rosa 0 appo9t$ to succe$ him ) ! title ( ,honor>y ,directress1 & h] si/] ,juliette 0 made a tea*] 9 ! s*ool4 ,9 ! same ye> %e exhibit$ ! picture t may be said to h made h] reputation ) ! arti/s & amateurs1 z well z ) ! g5]al public4 ,?is 0 h] ,ox5 ( ,cantal1 a picture t comb9$ ) no little feel+ = l&scape ! mo/ admirable pa9t+ ( cattle 9 repose4 ,its high qualities 7 imm$iately recogniz$4 ,horace ,v]net1 9 ! "n ( ! ,provisional ,gov]nm5t1 pres5t$ h] ) a h&some vase ( ,svres porcela91 & ! gold m$al = pa9t+4 ,9 #ahea1 ! jury select$ = exhibition at ! ,_w's ,fair 9 ,london ano!r picture by ,rosa1 ,pl\gh+ 9 ! ,niv]nais1 :i* made ! arti/'s "n kn[n to ,engl&1 :]e ! national love ( animals secur$ = h] no end ( praise & ( sub/antial rew>d4 ,9 #ahef ,rosa pa9t$ h] mo/ popul> picture1 ,! ,horse ,fair1 n[ 9 ! ,metropolitan ,museum4 ,?is pa9t+ w5t f ,p>is to ,london1 :]e x 0 b\ght = ris+ #a1ejj1 & creat$ su* an int]e/ 9 ! arti/'s p]sonality z w\ld h turn$ ! head ( any ord9>y woman2 b ,rosa ,bonheur's :ole life proves h] no ord9>y woman4 ,= _m ye>s ,mlle4 ,bonheur liv$ 9 ,p>is 9 a h\se surr\nd$ by a l>ge g>d5 :]e %e kept a numb] ( animals1 p>tly = ! pleasure ( _! companion%ip1 p>tly = ! opportunity x gave h] ( /udy+ _! habits1 & us+ !m z models4 ,%e n[ resides 9 ! ,*teau ,by1 ne> ,fonta9ebleau1 :]e %e leads ! same indu/ri\s life 9 h] advanc+ ye>s t %e did 9 ! beg9n+ ( h] c>e]4 ,%e rises e>ly1 & works at h] pa9t+ all day1 & (t5 sp5ds ! ev5+ 9 draw+3 = %e takes b little int]e/ 9 :at is call$ society1 & c>es only = ! companion%ip ( h] intimate fri5ds1 :i* %e c enjoy )\t dis>rang+ h] life1 or neglect+ ! /udies %e loves4 ,%e dresses ) great simplicity at all times1 & ev5 :5 %e accepts invitations1 makes no concessions to ! caprices ( fa%ion4 ,9 h] /ud5t-days1 :5 visit+ ! abattoirs1 m>kets1 & fairs1 %e accu/om$ h]self to we> su* a modification ( man's dress z w\ld p]mit h] to move ab\t among r\gh m5 )\t compromis+ h] sex4 ,b1 beside t h] dignity 0 always safe 9 h] own keep+1 %e be>s te/imony to ! good mann]s & ! good dispositions ( ! m5 %e came 9 contact )4 ,rosa ,bonheur has always be5 an honor to art & an honor to h] sex4 ,at sev5ty-two %e f9ds h]self 9 ! enjoym5t ( _m ?+s t g to make a happy life4 ,%e has a well-e>n$ fame z an arti/2 an abundant =tune ga9$ by h] own indu/ry & us$ z honorably z x has be5 ga9$2 & %e has troops ( fri5ds drawn to h] by h] solid wor? ( "*4 ,( ! great numb] ( pictures ,rosa ,bonheur has pa9t$1 by f> ! mo/ are ( subjects f\nd 9 ,france1 b a few ( ! be/ 7 pa9t$ 9 ,scotl&4 ,%e has receiv$ _m public honors 9 m$als & decorations4 ,9 #ahef1 aft] pa9t+ ! ,horse ,fair1 ! ,empress ,eugnie visit$ h] at h] /udio & be/[$ ^u h] ! ,cross ( ! ,legion ( ,honor1 fa/5+ ! decoration to ! arti/'s dress ) h] own h&s4 ,:5 ! invad+ army ( ,prussia rea*$ ,p>is1 ! ,cr[n ,pr9ce gave ord]s t ! /udio ( ,rosa ,bonheur %\ld be respect$4 ,b ?\gh %e1 no d\bt1 holds all ^! honors at _! wor?1 yet %e holds /ill m de> ! art to :i* %e owes1 n only ^!1 b all t has made h] life a treasury ( happy remembrances4 ,signature ( ! au?or4 ,g,r,,me#i ,footnote #i3 ,copyright1 #ahid1 by ,selm> ,hess4 ,by ,,cl>5ce ,,cook 7,,born #ahbd7 ,illu/ration3 ,grme4 ,9 ! ,p>is ,salon ( #ahdg1 a small picture appe>$1 repres5t+ a ,greek boy & girl /irr+ up two game-cocks to fight4 ,al?\gh x 0 ! "w ( an unkn[n pa9t]1 & _h to cont5d ) an unusually brilliant display ( pictures1 _m ( !m by m5 already fam\s1 yet x /rongly attract$ ! g5]al public1 p>tly by ! novelty ( ! subject1 & p>tly by ! c>eful & f9i%$ mann] ( ! pa9t+4 ,x delight$ ! critics z well1 & "o ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ ( !m1 ,?ophile ,gauti]1 wrote3 ,a new ,greek is born to u1 & 8 "n is ,grme6 ,?is picture1 :i* 0 to prove ! fir/ leaf 9 a laurel-cr[n to be aw>d$ ! pa9t] 9 8 lifetime1 & n1 z is s (t5 ! case1 by ! t>dy h& ( ,dea?1 0 ! "w ( ,jean-,lon ,grme1 a "y man ( tw5ty-?ree4 ,he _h be5 = six ye>s "u ! tea*+ ( ,paul ,del>o*e1 "p ( ! "t 9 ,italy1 b mo/ ( x 9 ,p>is4 ,he 0 born at ,ves\l1 a small1 dull t[n 9 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,haute-,sane1 9 #ahbd4 ,8 fa!r 0 a goldsmi?1 :o1 l mo/ ,fr5* fa!rs 9 8 rank ( life1 _h hop$ to br+ up 8 son to succe$ him 9 8 bus9ess4 ,! boy did = a "t1 we believe1 "w 9 8 fa!r's %op1 b he _h a /rong] natural b5t = pa9t+2 some?+ p]haps 9 ! occupation fo/]$1 or ev5 creat$1 ?is ta/e--= n a few di/+ui%$ pa9t]s h be5 appr5tic$ to ! goldsmi?'s trade--& 8 fa!r1 l a wise man1 in/ead ( oppos+ 8 son's wi%es1 did :at he c\ld to fur!r !m4 ,he b\ght him pa9t+-mat]ials2 & in/ead ( s5d+ him to a s*ool ( design1 or putt+ him "u ! tutelage ( "s ?ird-rate draw+-ma/]1 su* z is commonly f\nd 9 c\ntry t[ns1 he b\ght him a picture by ,decamps1 an arti/ s9ce become fam\s1 b !n j 9 ! dawn ( 8 fame1 & put x be=e 8 son z a model4 ,"y ,grme made a copy ( ?is picture1 & an arti/ f ,p>is1 :o happ5$ to be pass+ ?r\gh ,ves\l1 saw x1 & disc]n+ ! boy's tal5t1 gave him a lett] to ,paul ,del>o*e1 enc\rag+ him to g to ,p>is & !re to take up ! /udy ( art z a pr(ession4 ,at sev5te5 ye>s ( age1 ) 8 fa!r's cons5t & #bej 9 8 pocket1 ,grme w5t up to ,p>is1 & pres5t+ 8 lett] to ,del>o*e1 0 well receiv$ by him1 & ent]$ ! ,s*ool ( ,f9e ,arts 7cole des ,beaux-,arts7 z 8 pupil4 ,he _h be5 ) ,del>o*e ?ree ye>s & _h prov$ himself "o ( ! mo/ loyal & dilig5t ( 8 pupils1 :5 an ev5t occurr$1 insignificant 9 itself1 b :i* 0 to h an important influ5ce ^u 8 life & give a new direction to 8 tal5t4 ,fr5* /udios are n z a rule v ord]ly places4 ,! "y m5 :o frequ5t !m are left pretty mu* to !mselves1 ) no "o to gov]n !m or to ov]see !m4 ,! arti/ !y are /udy+ "u makes1 at ! mo/1 a brief daily visit1 go+ ! r\nd ( ! easels1 say+ a ^w or two to ea* pupil1 al?\gh x (t5 happ5s t he says no?+1 & !n dep>ts = 8 prop] "w1 leav+ 8 pupils to _! own devices4 ,! /ud5ts are = ! mo/ "p l "y m5 ev]y:]e1 a turbul5t set1 full ( animal spirits1 :i* sometimes c>ry !m beyond reasonable b\nds4 ,x 0 a boi/]\s outbreak ( ?is sort1 b f> wild] ?an common1 t occurr$ 9 ! /udio ( ,del>o*e1 & :i* br\ght ab\t ! crisis 9 ,grme's life to :i* we h allud$4 ,=tunately = him1 ! incid5t took place :ile ,grme 0 on a visit to 8 p>5ts at ,ves\l1 s t he 0 9 no way implicat$ 9 ! affair4 ,he came back to f9d ! /udio clos$2 ,del>o*e1 deeply di/urb$1 _h dismiss$ all 8 pupils & ann\nc$ 8 int5tion to visit ,italy4 ,8 /udio 0 to be tak5 dur+ 8 abs5ce1 by ,gleyre1 & he advis$ ^? ( 8 pupils 9 :om he took a p]sonal int]e/1 to cont9ue _! /udies "u 8 successor4 ,grme 0 "o ( ^? to :om he gave ?is advice1 b ,grme 0 too mu* atta*$ to 8 ma/] to leave him = ano!r1 & bluntly ann\nc$ 8 purpose ( foll[+ him to ,rome4 ,a few ( ! o!r pupils ( ,del>o*e 7 ( ! same m9d1 & !y all set out = ,italy toge!r4 ,arriv$ 9 ,rome1 ,grme1 always a h>d work]1 ?rew himself en]getically into 8 /udies2 draw+ ! anci5t build+s1 ! ,capitol1 ! ,colosseum2 sket*+ 9 ! ,=um & on ! ,campagna2 copy+ ! pictures & ! /atues1 saturat+ 8 m9d 9 ! _s ( antique art1 & s*ool+ 8 h& 9 its =ms1 until he _h laid up a ri* /ore ( mat]ial = use 9 future pictures4 ,on 8 return to ,p>is he work$ = a :ile 9 ,gleyre's /udio1 b :5 ,del>o*e came back f ,italy1 ,grme aga9 jo9$ him & r5ew$ 8 old relation z pupil & assi/ant--work+1 among o!r tasks1 on ! pa9t+ ( ,*>lemagne ,cross+ ! ,alps1 a commission giv5 to ,del>o*e by ! ,gov]nm5t1 = ! ,gr&e ,gal]ie des ,batailles at ,v]sailles3 a va/ ap>tm5t l9$ ) pictures ( all ! victories ( ! ,fr5* f ,soissons to ,solf]9o4 ,su* "w z ?is1 h[ev]1 _h little int]e/ = ,grme4 ,8 m9d at ?is "t 0 full ( ! ,greeks & ,romans2 8 en?usiasm = ,napoleon1 :i* lat] 0 to give bir? to s _m pictures1 _h n yet awak5$2 nor did he c>e = ! subjects f ! hi/ories ( ,france & ,engl& 9 ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies1 t _h provid$ 8 ma/]1 ,del>o*e1 ) s _m tragic !mes = 8 p5cil3 ,! ,dea? ( ! ,duke ( ,guise1 ,! ,*ildr5 ( ,edw>d1 ! ,dea? ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 ,! ,execution ( ,lady ,jane ,grey1 ,cromwell at ! ,c(f9 ( ,*>les ,i41 & o!rs ( ! same /ra94 ,grme's visit to ,italy _h awak5$ 9 him a /rong int]e/ 9 ! life ( ! antique _w1 & ?is w\ld naturally be /r5g!n$ by all t he w\ld he> & see ( ! gr[+ int]e/ ( ! public 9 ! same subject3 an int]e/ k9dl$ by ! discov]ies ( ar*aeologi/s 9 classic soil3 9 ,greece & ,italy1 9 ,assyria & ,egypt4 ,^! discov]ies _h fill$ ! museums & ! cab9ets ( private collectors ) beautiful & int]e/+ fragm5ts illu/rat+ ! ext]nal life ( ! pa/1 & illum9at+ its poetry2 & x is no wond] t "s ( ! y\ng] arti/s rejoic$ 9 ! new _w ( anecdote & /ory t op5$ s ri*ly be=e !m4 ,h[ev] x came ab\t--:e!r 8 own int]e/ 9 ! antique life communicat$ itself to 8 fell[s1 or :e!r !y1 all toge!r1 simply %>$ 9 ! int]e/ tak5 9 ! subject by ! _w ab\t !m--,grme & "s ( 8 companions 9 ,del>o*e's /udio %[$ su* a pr$ilection = classic !mes1 t !y 7 nicknam$ by ! critics ,! ,new ,greeks4 ,among ,grme's fell[-pupils 7 two "y m51 ,hamon & ,aub]t1 :o lat] ga9$ no small applause by _! playful & famili> way ( treat+ classic !mes4 ,!y are well kn[n to u by engrav+s f _! pictures1 :i* are 9 all our %ops4 ,hamon's ,my ,si/] is n at home1 & ,aub]t's v>i\s pretty fancies ( nymphs & cupids1 :ile !y are n great works ( art1 are reasonably sure ( a long life1 due to _! innoc5t fre%ness & simplicity4 ,del>o*e's pupils 7 work+ all toge!r 9 fri5dly competition = ! gr& ,roman prize :i* 0 to give ! =tunate "o ! "r to f\r ye>s' /udy 9 ,rome at ! exp5se ( ! /ate4 ,grme's /udio 0 %>$ by 8 fri5ds ,pic\ & ,hamon4 ,hamon1 writ+ 9 lat] ye>s ab\t 8 y\?ful days1 says3 ,companions & rivals at ! same "t1 we 7 all work+ toge!r = ! ,gr& ,prix de ,rome4 ,grme inspir$ u all ) ! love ( h>d "w1 & ( h>d "w to ! accompanim5t ( s++ & laugh+4 ,b 9 ! int]vals ( 8 h>d "w = ! prize1 ,grme 0 also work+ on a picture :i* he hop$ to h accept$ = ! ,salon4 ,?is 0 ! picture we spoke ( 9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is notice3 ,two ,"y ,greeks /irr+-up ,game-cocks to fight4 ,:5 x 0 f9i%$ ,grme %[$ x to 8 ma/] ) _m misgiv+s2 b ,del>o*e enc\rag$ him to s5d x to ! ,salon4 ,x 0 accept$1 & z we h se51 won = ,grme a great success ) ! public4 ,! next ye>1 #ahdh1 he aga9 exhibit$1 b ! impression he made 0 less m>k$ ?an on ! fir/ occasion4 ,8 =m] picture _h a subject su* z x 01 ( 8 own devis+4 ,! ,cock-fight 0 n an illu/ration ( any passage 9 ,greek poetry1 & 9 spite ( its antique sett+1 x _h a mod]n air1 & to ?is1 no d\bt1 its popul>ity 0 l>gely due4 ,b 9 #ahdh he essay$ an illu/ration ( ! ,greek poet1 ,anacreon1 translat+ into picture ! poem t tells h[1 "o w9t] ev5+1 sitt+ by 8 fire1 ! old poet 0 surpris$ by a s\nd ( weep+ outside 8 door1 & op5+ x1 f\nd ,cupid wet & %iv]+ & begg+ = a %elt] f ! cold4 ,! man takes ! pretty1 dimpl$ mis*ief to 8 bosom1 w>ms 8 feet & h&s at ! fire1 dries 8 b[ & arr[s1 & lets him sip w9e f 8 cup4 ,!n1 :5 ,cupid is refre%$ & w>m$1 he tries 8 arr[s1 n[ "h1 n[ !re1 & at la/ aims "o /raight at 8 b5efactor's he>t1 & laugh+ at ! je/1 flies out at ! op5 door4 ,grme's picture 0 9 ?ree panels4 ,! fir/ %[$ ! poet op5+ ! door to ! sobb+ ,cupid1 ) 8 b$raggl$ w+s & dripp+ curls2 9 ! next1 ! rosy +rate w\nds 8 b5efactor2 9 ! ?ird1 ! poet sits disconsolate by 8 he>?1 mus+ ov] ! days :5 ,love 0 8 gue/1 if b = an h\r4 ,z ! /ory 0 an old "o1 s _m an arti/ be=e ,grme _h play$ ) x z a subject = a picture4 ,jean-,franois ,millet himself1 ano!r pupil ( ,del>o*e1 ?\gh e>li] ?an ,grme1 _h tri$ 8 h& at illu/rat+ ,anacreon's fable be=e he f\nd 8 prop] field ( "w 9 portray+ ! occupations ( ! m5 & wom5 ab\t him1 ! peasants among :om he 0 born & br$4 ,grme's picture did no?+ to advance 8 =tunes ) ! public4 #ahdh 0 a /ormy "t 9 ,france & 9 all ,europe1 & p 7 n 9 ! mood to be amus$ ) su* trifles z ,anacreon & 8 ,cupid4 ,! pictures 9 t ye>'s ,salon t drew ! public 9 cr[ds ab\t !m 7 ,c\ture's ,! ,romans ( ! ,decl9e ( ! ,empire1 9 :i* all ,p>is saw1 or ?\ght x saw1 ! h&writ+-on-!-wall = ! gov]nm5t ( ,l\is-,philippe2 & ! ,%ipwreck$ ,sailors 9 a ,b>k1 ( ,delacroix1 a wild & /ormy sc5e ( t]ror t seem$ to e*o ! prophecies ( evil days at h& = ,france ) :i* ! "t 0 rife4 ,grme's next picture1 h[ev]1 0 to br+ him once m be=e ! public1 & to c>ry 8 "n beyond 8 native ,france ev5 z f> z ,am]ica4 ,leav+ = ! nonce 8 *os5 field ( antiquity1 :]e yet he 0 to di/+ui% himself1 he look$ = a subject 9 ! ,p>is ( 8 own day4 ,! ,duel aft] ! ,masqu]ade op5s = u a corn] ( ! ,bois de ,b\logne--! fa%ionable p>k on ! outskirts ( ,p>is--:]e 9 ! /ill dawn ( a w9t]'s day1 a gr\p ( m5 are met to witness a duel betwe5 two ( _! companions :o h qu>rell$ at a mask$ ball4 ,! gr\nd is cov]$ ) a light fall ( sn[2 ! b>e bran*es ( ! trees weave _! network across ! gray sky1 & 9 ! di/ance we see ! c>riages t h br\ght ! disputants to ! field4 ,! duel is ov]4 ,"o ( ! m51 dress$ 9 ! co/ume ( ,pi]rot1 ! loose :ite tr\s]s & slipp]s1 ! baggy :ite %irt1 & :ite skull-cap1 falls1 mortally w\nd$1 into ! arms ( 8 second3 ! pallor ( com+ dea? mask$ by ! :ite-pa9t$ face4 ,! o!r combatant1 a ,mohawk ,indian 7once a /aple "* at e mask$-ball 9 ,p>is3 curi\s survival ( ! popul>ity ( ,coop]'s novels71 is l$ w\nd$ (f ! field by a fri5d dress$ z ,h>lequ94 ,grme 9 ?is /rik+ picture %[$ = ! fir/ "t t tal5t z a /ory-tell] to :i* he is s l>gely indebt$ = 8 reputation4 ,:atev] 8 subject may be1 x is always set =? 9 ! cle>e/ mann]1 s t ev]yone may und]/& ! /ory )\t ! ne$ ( an int]pret]4 ,leav+ out ( view ! few pictures he pa9t$ illu/rat+ passages 9 ,napoleon's c>e]1 x may be said t ,grme's ta/e l$ him away f sc5es ( mod]n life2 = ev5 8 _m ori5tal subjects s relate to =ms ( life belong+ 9 reality to ! pa/1 t !y make no exception to ! /atem5t4 ,he did n !re=e foll[ up ,! ,duel ) o!r comm5ts on ! follies ( mod]n society--= 9 ! temp] ( t "t ?is picture1 l ,c\ture's ,roman ,orgie & ,millet's ,man ) ! ,hoe1 0 look$ ^u z a satire & a w>n+1 & ow$ its popul>ity z mu* to ?is conviction on ! "p ( ! public z to its pictorial m]its--b return$ to antique times1 & %[$ 9 8 treatm5t ( !mes f t s\rce an equal1 if n a great] p[] to int]e/ ! public4 ,grme's two pictures1 ! ,ave ,cs>6 ,morituri te ,salutant1 ,hail1 ,cs>6 ,^? ab\t to die1 salute ,!e1 & ,! ,gladiators1 are s univ]sally kn[n z to ne$ no description4 ,:atev] criticism may be made ^u !m1 !y w always rema9 int]e/+ to ! _w at l>ge2 f _! subject1 f ! way 9 :i* ! discov]ies ( ar*ology are made famili>1 &1 n lea/1 f ! impression !y make ( ! arti/'s own /rong int]e/ 9 :at he _h to say4 ,9 bo? pictures he succe$$ 9 %[+ ! ,colosseum z no long] a ru91 b z1 s to speak1 a liv+ place peopl$ by ! sw>m ( ! ,roman populace1 ) ! emp]or & 8 c\rt1 & ! ,college ( ! ,ve/al ,virg9s1 &1 = *ief actors1 ! hapless wret*es :o are but*]$ to make a ,roman holiday4 ,ano!r picture t greatly increas$ ,grme's reputation1 0 8 ,dea? ( ,julius ,cs>1 ?\gh x mu/ be confess$ !re 0 a t\* ( ! /age 9 ! arrangem5t ( ! sc5e1 & 9 ! action ( ! body ( s5ators & conspirators leav+ ! hall ) br&i%$ swords & z if s++ 9 *orus1 t 0 abs5t f ! pictures ( ! amphi!atre4 ,!re 0 also less mat]ial = ! curiosity ( ! lov]s ( ar*ology2 no su* /rik+ po9t1 = in/ance1 z ! reproduction ( ! gladiators' helmets & armor rec5tly discov]$ 9 ,h]culaneum2 b ! body ( ! dead ,cs> ly+ ev5 at ! base ( ,pompey's /atue ) 8 face muffl$ 9 8 toga1 0 a ma/]ly p]=mance2 "s critic1 mov$ by ! gr&eur ( ! l9es1 said x 0 n a m]e piece ( =e%ort5+1 x 0 a p]spective4 ,grme made a life-size pa9t+ ( ! ,cs> 9 ?is picture4 ,x is 9 ! ,corcoran ,gall]y at ,wa%+ton4 ,grme pa9t$ sev]al o!r pictures f classic subjects1 b none ( !m _h ! int]e/ = ! g5]al public ( ^? we h describ$4 ,9 #ahed he exhibit$ a huge canvas1 call$ ,! ,age ( ,augu/us1 a picture sugge/$1 p]haps1 by ! ,hemicycle ( 8 ma/] ,del>o*e1 on :i* he himself _h pa9t$4 ,x repres5t$ h]oes1 poets1 sages1 ( ! ,augu/an age1 gr\p$ ab\t ! cradle ( ! infant ,*ri/2 x procur$ = ,grme ! r$ ribbon ( ! ,legion ( ,honor1 & is n[1 z ! arti/ himself je/+ly says1 ! 'greate/' picture 9 ! ,museum ( ,ami5s4 ,9 ! same ye> ,grme w5t to ,egypt = ! fir/ "t2 s9ce !n he has m ?an once visit$ x1 b x is d\btful if he c\ld r5ew ! pleasure ( 8 y\?ful exp]i5ce4 ,i set out1 he says1 ) my fri5ds1 ,i ! fif?1 all ( u lightly furni%$ ) money1 b full ( y\?ful en?usiasm4 ,life 0 !n easy 9 ,egypt2 we liv$ at a v mod]ate rate2 we hir$ a boat & liv$ f\r mon?s ^u ! ,nile1 hunt+1 pa9t+1 fi%+ by turns1 f ,damietta to ,phil4 ,we return$ to ,cairo & rema9$ !re f\r mon?s long] 9 a h\se 9 ! old] "p ( ! t[n1 belong+ to ,soleman ,pa%a4 ,z ,fr5*m51 he treat$ u ) cordial hospitality4 ,happy p]iod ( y\?1 ( fre$om f c>e6 ,hope & ! future op5$ bright be=e u2 ! sky 0 blue6 ,grme's pictures ( ,ea/]n life make a gall]y by !mselves4 ,a few ( !m are hi/oric1 su* z 8 ,cleopatra visit+ ,cs>1 b ! mo/ ( !m are simply sc5es & incid5ts drawn f ! daily life ( ! mod]n inhabitants ( ,cairo & ! des]t1 illu/rat+ _! mann]s & cu/oms4 ,! m]e titles w\ld fill up a l>ge "p ( our space4 ,_m ( ! be/ ( !m are own$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 & all h be5 reproduc$ by engrav+ or by photography4 ,9 ano!r field ,grme won great di/9ction1 pa9t+ sc5es f ! hi/ory ( ,france 9 ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xiv42 subjects drawn f :at may be call$ ! high com$y ( c\rt-life1 & treat$ by ,grme ) rem>kable ref9em5t & di/9ction4 ,among ^! pictures ! be/ kn[n are3 ,molire ,breakfa/+ ) ,l\is ,,xiv41 illu/rat+ ! /ory ( ! k+'s rebuke to 8 c\rti]s :o affect$ to despise ! man ( g5ius2 ,pre ,joseph1 ! prie/ :o "u ! guise ( humility & self-abnegation r$uces ! greate/ nobles to ! /ate ( lackeys2 ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,receiv+ ! ,great ,cond1 & ,collaboration1 two poets ( ,l\is ,,xiv4's "t work+ toge!r ov] a play4 ,among 8 accompli%m5ts z an arti/ we mu/ n =get ! tal5t t ,grme has %[n z a sculptor4 ,he has modell$ sev]al figures f 8 own pictures1 ) su* admirable skill z to prove t he might easily h made sculpture a pr(ession _h he n *os5 to devote himself to pa9t+4 ,signature ( ! au?or4 ,,dante ,,gabriel ,,rossetti#aj ,footnote #aj3 ,copyright1 #ahid1 by ,selm> ,hess4 ,by ,,edmund ,,gosse 7#ahbh-ahhb7 ,illu/ration3 ,dante ,gabriel ,rossetti4 ,^? ^: privilege x 0 to meet ! late ,mr4 ,gabriel ,rossetti1 at once 9 ! pl5itude ( 8 p[]s & 9 ! fre%ness ( _! own impressions1 w n expect to be mov$ aga9 ?r\gh life by s magnetic a pres5ce4 ,9 8 deal+s ) ^? mu* y\ng] ?an himself1 8 tact & influ5ce 7 unequall$2 he receiv$ a %y b ard5t y\? ) su* a noble c\rtesy1 ) s mu* sympa?y yet ) no condesc5sion1 ) s gr& an air & yet s w>m a welcome1 t 8 new acqua9tance 0 enslav$ at ! fir/ s5t5ce4 ,?is seems to me to h be5 9 a c]ta9 s5se ! key-note ( ! man4 ,he 0 ess5tially a po9t ( fire2 n a p]ipatetic 9 any s5se1 n a p]son ( wide circumf]5ce1 b a nucleus ( pure imag9ation t nev] /irr$ or %ift$1 b sc9tillat$ 9 all directions4 ,! function ( ,gabriel ,rossetti1 or at lea/ 8 mo/ obvi\s function1 0 to sit 9 isolation1 & to h vaguely glimm]+ spirits pres5t$ to him = complete illum9ation4 ,he 0 ! mo/ prompt 9 sugge/ion1 ! mo/ regal 9 giv+1 ! mo/ sympa!tic 9 response1 ( ! m5 ,i h kn[n or se52 & ?is )\t a s+le t\* ( ! prophetic mann]1 ! air ( su* pr(essional se]s z ,col]idge or ,c>lyle4 ,:at he _h to give 0 n my/ical or ab/ract2 x 0 purely concrete4 ,8 m9d 0 full ( practical arti/ic s*emes1 only a few ( :i* 7 suit$ to 8 own practice 9 pa9t+ or poetry2 ! re/ 7 at ! s]vice ( :oev] w\ld come 9 a fri5dly _s & take !m4 ,i f9d among 8 lett]s to me1 :i* ,i h j be5 read+ once aga91 a pap] ( delightful sugge/ions ab\t ! cov] ( a book ( v]se2 ! next y\? :o wait$ ^u him w\ld p]haps be a pa9t]1 & w\ld f9d t ! great g5ius & ma/] did n disda9 ! discussion ( picture-frames4 ,?is 0 b ! und]curr5t ( 8 influ5ce2 z we %all see m & m e ye> z ! c5tral decades ( ?is c5tury become hi/ory1 its ma9 /ream direct$ ! two great arts ( pa9t+ & poetry into new *annels1 & set a score ( div]se tal5ts 9 motion4 ,b1 z f> z any?+ c be se5 pla9ly ab\t ,rossetti at pres5t1 to me ! fact ( 8 immovability1 8 self-support1 8 curi\s res]ve1 seems to be ! mo/ int]e/+4 ,he held 9 all ?+s to ! ess5tial & n to ! accid5tal2 he pref]r$ ! dry gra9 ( musk to a dilut$ flood ( p]fume4 ,an ,italian by bir? & deeply mov$ by all ?+s ,italian1 he nev] visit$ ,italy2 a lov] ( ritual & a sympa?iz] ) all ! my/]ies ( ! ,roman cre$1 he nev] jo9$ ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*2 a poet ^: =m & sub/ance alike influ5c$ almo/ all ! m5 ( 8 g5]ation1 he 0 m ?an =ty ye>s ( age be=e he gave 8 v]se to ! public2 a pa9t] :o consid]$ ! attitude ( ! pa/ ) m ardor & fai? ?an almo/ any arti/ ( 8 "t1 he nev] *ose to visit ! *ur*es or gall]ies ( ,europe4 ,x has be5 said1 among ! _m absurd ?+s :i* 8 dea? has provok$1 t he %rank f publicity f timidity1 or spurn$ x f ill-temp]4 ,"o brilliant j\rnali/ has describ$ him z sulk+ l ,hector 9 8 t5t4 ,x us$ to be ,a*illes :o sulk$ :5 ,i 0 at s*ool2 b x c]ta9ly nev] 0 ,gabriel ,rossetti4 ,^? :o only knew him1 aft] 8 con/itution _h pass$ "u ! yoke ( ! drug :i* kill$ him1 _c judge ( 8 natural res]ve f t artificial & morbid res]ve :i* embitt]$ ! la/ ye>s ( 8 life4 ,! =m] 0 n connect$ ) any objection to new faces or dislike ( cordial society1 b ) ! indomitable *>act]i/ic ( ! man1 :i* made him give out ! treasures ( ! _s1 & nev] ne$ to receive !m4 ,s f> f dislik+ society1 x is my impression t he crav$ x z a necessity1 al?\gh he *ose to select its con/itu5ts & n>r[ its range4 ,he 0 born 9 #ahbh4 ,! /ory ( 8 p>5tage is well kn[n1 & has be5 told 9 full detail s9ce 8 dea?4 ,he 0 born 9 ,london & *ri/5$ ,gabriel ,*>les ,rossetti2 x 0 n1 ,i am told1 until he 0 ( age to appreciate ! value ( ! "n t he took ^u himself ! cognom5 :i* 8 fa!r _h borne1 ! ,dante by :i* ! _w1 ?\gh n 8 fri5ds1 h kn[n him4 ,liv+ ) 8 fa!r 9 ,*>lotte /reet1 ) two si/]s & a bro!r no less ard5tly tra9$ 9 lett]s ?an himself1 he seems to h be5 turn$ to poetry1 z he 0 aft]w>d su/a9$ 9 x1 by ! int]ior flame4 ,! h\sehold has be5 describ$ to me by "o :o saw x 9 #ahdg3 ! fa!r1 titul> pr(essor ( ,italian lit]ature1 b ) no pr(essional duties1 seat$ ! livelong day1 ) a %ade ov] 8 eyes1 writ+ devotional or patriotic poetry 9 8 native tongue2 ! girls read+ ,dante al\d ) _! ri* maid5 voices2 ,gabriel buri$ "h 9 8 writ+1 or d>t+ r\nd ! corn] ( ! /reet to ! /udio :]e he pa9t$4 ,f ?is seclusion he wrote to ! fri5d :o has k9dly help$ me 9 prep>+ ^! notes1 & ^: memories ( ! poet ext5d ov] a long] p]iod ?an ^? ( any survivor n relat$ to him4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,b4 ,scott1 n[ s well kn[n 9 m arts ?an "o1 _h !n b j publi%$ 8 fir/ book1 8 my/ical & transc5d5tal poem ( ,! ,ye> ( ! ,_w4 ,?is seems to h fall5 "u ,rossetti's notice1 = on ,novemb] #be1 #ahdg1 he wrote to ! au?or1 a p]fect /rang] to himself1 a lett] ( w>m sympa?y & ackn[l$gm5t4 ,mr4 ,scott 0 liv+ 9 ,newca/le1 &1 in/ead ( meet+1 ! "y poets at fir/ made acqua9tance ) ea* o!r by correspond5ce4 ,rossetti soon m5tion$1 ( c\rse1 8 own s*emes & ambitions1 & he s5t1 z a sample ( 8 p[]s1 8 poems ( ,! ,bless$ ,damozel1 & ,my ,si/]'s ,sleep1 :i* he _h writt5 ab\t eighte5 mon?s be=e4 ,mr4 ,scott tells me t 8 fir/ feel+ on receiv+ ^! poems1 writt5 9 ,engli% by an ,italian boy ( eighte51 0 "o ( amazem5t4 ,i _c wond] at x4 ,if ! ,bless$ ,damozel1 :5 x 0 publi%$ a qu>t] ( a c5tury lat]1 seem$ a ma/]piece to ^? :o _h1 9 ! mean:ile1 read s mu* t 0 vaguely inspir$ by x1 :at mu/ x h be5 9 #ahdf8 ,c]ta9 pieces 9 ,t5nyson's ,poems1 ( #ahdb1 & a few fragm5ts ( ,br[n+'s ,bells & ,pomegranates 7 ! only ,engli% poems :i* c be suppos$ to h giv5 x bir?1 ev5 indirectly4 ,9 its int]pretation ( my/ical ?\ghts by concrete images1 9 its m$ival f]vor & consi/5ce ( fancy1 9 its peculi> metrical facility1 x 0 di/9ctly new--orig9al z few poems except ^? by ! ackn[l$g$ ma/]s ( ! craft c ev] be4 ,! sun 0 gone n[2 ! curl$ moon ,0 l a little fea!r ,flutt]+ f> d[n ! gulf2 & n[ ,%e spoke ?r\gh ! cle> wea!r4 ,h] voice 0 l ! voice ! />s ,_h :5 !y sang toge!r4 ,?is 0 a /range acc5t 9 #ahdf4 ,miss ,b>rett & ,mr4 ,t5nyson 7 !n ! mo/ accept$ poets4 ,mr4 ,br[n+ spoke flu5tly & p]si/5tly1 b only to a v little circle2 ,mr4 ,horne's ,orion & ,mr4 ,bailey's ,fe/us 7 ! rec5t outcomes ( ,keats & ,goe!2 ! ,spasmodic ,s*ool1 to be pres5tly born ( mu* unwise /udy ( ,fe/us1 0 /ill unkn[n2 ,mr4 ,cl\gh1 ,mr4 ,mat!w ,arnold1 & ,mr4 ,patmore 7 q unapp>5t1 tak+ =m & voice 9 solitude2 & "h 0 a new s+]1 utt]ly unlike !m all1 p\r+ out 8 fir/ notes ) ! precision & indep5d5ce ( ! new-fl$g$ ?ru% 9 ! woodl& *orus4 ,9 pa9t+1 ! process 0 some:at diff]5t4 ,9 ?is art1 no less ?an 9 poetry1 ,rossetti und]/ood at once :at x 0 t he wi%$ to d himself1 & :at he desir$ to see o!rs do+2 b ! difficulties ( te*nique 7 9 8 way4 ,he _h begun to write 9 *ildhood1 b he _h tak5 up design late 9 8 y\?1 & he _h und]gone no discipl9e 9 x4 ,at ! pres5t day1 :5 e /ud5t has to pass a some:at /r+5t exam9ation 9 design1 ,rossetti1 at eighte51 c\ld n h ent]$ ! s*ools ( ! ,royal ,academy4 ,he did s1 h[ev]1 yet )\t ev] advanc+ to ! ,life ,s*ool4 ,! s\l ( art1 at ?is e>ly p]iod1 int]e/$ him f> m ?an ! body1 especially su* a sub/ance z he f\nd "u ! presid5cy ( ,sir ,m>t9 ,%ee & ! keep]%ip ( ,george ,jones4 ,let u n =get1 mean:ile1 t x is easy to sne] at ! incompet5ce ( mann]$ old arti/s1 & yet h>d to ov]-e/imate ! value ( discipl9e 9 a s*ool1 h[ev] conv5tional4 ,rossetti 0 too impati5t to le>n to draw1 & ?is he liv$ to regret4 ,8 imm$iate associates1 ! "y m5 :om he began to lead & impress1 7 bett] draughtsm5 ?an he4 ,8 fir/ oil picture1 ,i believe1 0 a portrait ( 8 fa!r1 n[ 9 possession ( ! family4 ,b1 z f> z c be n[ made out1 he did n beg9 to pa9t s]i\sly till ab\t ,janu>y1 #ahdh1 :5 he p]suad$ ano!r ,royal ,academy /ud5t1 ,w4 ,holman ,hunt1 to take a l>ge room close to ! pat]nal h\se 9 ,*>lotte /reet1 & make x _! /udio4 ,"h ,mr4 ,scott visit$ !m 9 ! e>ly spr+ ( t ye>2 he describes to me ! l>ge pictures !y 7 /ruggl+ ^u1 ,hunt1 on 8 ,oa? ( ,ri5zi1 & ,rossetti1 on 8 ,girlhood ( ,m>y ,virg94 ,! latt] 0 evid5tly at pres5t b poorly equipp$2 ! pa9t+ 0 timid & boyi%1 pale 9 tone1 & ) no h9t or promise ( t radiant color :i* aft]w>d became ,rossetti's ma9 *>act]i/ic4 ,b ! feel+ 0 id5tical ) t 9 8 f> m accompli%$ e>ly poems4 ,! v pulse & ?rob ( m$ival adoration p]vad$ ! :ole conception ( ! picture1 & ,mr4 ,scott's fir/ impression 0 t1 9 ?is m>vell\s poet & possible pa9t]1 ! new ,tract>ian movem5t _h f\nd its expositor 9 art4 ,yet ?is surely 0 no su* feeble or s5tim5tal e*o z _h inspir$ ! decl>$ ,tract>ian poets ( eight or n9e ye>s e>li]2 !re 0 no?+ "h t recall$ su* a book z ! ,*]well ,wat] ,lily ( ,fa!r ,fab]4 ,?is conta9$ ! g5u9e fle%ly my/icism1 bodily pres5tm5t ( a spiritual idea1 & intimate k ( m$ival s5tim5t )\t :i* ! new religi\s f]vor _h no intellectual basis4 ,?is /rong in/9ct = ! =ms ( ! ,ca?olic religion1 comb9$ ) no att5dance on ! rites ( t *ur*1 fo/]$ by no /udy ( ecclesia/ical lit]ature or association ) tea*]s or proselytes1 b orig9al to himself & self-support$1 0 at t "t )\t d\bt ! feature 9 ,rossetti's intellectual "* :i* dem&s our close/ att5tion4 ,nor d ,i believe t ?is passion = ! physical pres5tation ( a my/ical idea 0 ev] entirely supplant$ by ^? o!r views ( life & art :i* came to occupy 8 matur] m9d4 ,9 8 late/ poems--9 ,rose ,m>y1 = in/ance--,i see ?is fir/ impulse return+ ^u him ) m ?an its e>ly fasc9ation4 ,9 8 y\?1 h[ev]1 ! my/icism 0 v nave & /raight=w>d4 ,x 0 fo/]$ by "o ( ! v few excursions :i* ,rossetti ev] took--a t\r 9 ,belgium 9 ,octob]1 #ahdi4 ,i am told t he & ! pa9t]-fri5d :o accompani$ him 7 s purely devot$ to ! m$ival aspect ( all !y saw1 t1 9 walk+ ?r\gh ! gall]ies1 !y turn$ away _! heads 9 approa*+ mod]n pictures1 & c>efully clos$ _! eyes :ile !y 7 pass+ ,rub5s's ,desc5t f ! ,cross4 ,9 ,belgium1 or z ! result ( 8 t\r !re1 ,rossetti wrote sev]al curi\s poems1 :i* 7 s h>% & =c$ t he omitt$ !m f 8 collection :5 he fir/ publi%$ 8 ,poems1 9 #ahgj4 ,! ef=t 9 ^! e>ly pieces is too m>k$4 ,i rememb] once he>+ ,rossetti say t he did n m9d :at p call$ him1 if only !y w\ld n call him qua9t4 ,b ! fact 0 t1 if qua9tness be def9$ z ! inability to conceal ! labor ( an art1 !re is no d\bt t bo? 8 poems & 8 designs occasionally des]v$ ?is epi!t4 ,he 0 s excessively s9c]e an arti/1 s det]m9$ n to p]mit any?+ l trick9ess ( effect or mean+less smoo?ness to conceal ! direct /atem5t ( an idea1 t 8 lack ( initial discipl9e sometimes made itself felt 9 a curi\s angul> h>dness4 ,& n[ x w\ld be necess>y1 if ,i 7 attempt+ a complete /udy ( ,gabriel ,rossetti's intellectual c>e]1 to div]ge into a description ( :at has s mu* ex]cis$ popul> curiosity1 ! pre-,raphaelite movem5t ( #ahdh4 ,b !re is no reason :y1 9 a few notes on "*1 ,i %\ld repeat f he>say :at sev]al ( ! sev5 bro!rs h report$ f au?oritative memory4 ,x is admitt$1 by !m & by all :o h und]/ood ! movem5t1 t ,gabriel ,rossetti 0 ! f\nd] &1 9 ! ,%akespe>ian s5se1 begett] ( all t 0 done by ?is e>ne/ b& ( "y arti/s4 ,"o ( !m1 ,mr4 ,millais1 0 already di/+ui%$2 two o!rs1 ,mr4 ,holman ,hunt & ,mr4 ,wooln]1 _h at t "t m tra9+ & te*nical p[] ?an he2 b he 01 nev]!less1 ! bra9 & s\l ( ! ent]prise4 ,:at ^! "y m5 propos$ 0 excell5tly prop\nd$ 9 ! sonnet by ,w4 ,m4 ,r41 :i* !y prefix$ to _! little lit]>y v5ture1 ! ,g]m1 9 #ahej4 ,pla9ly to ?9k ev5 a little ?\ght1 to express x 9 natural words :i* are native to ! speak]1 to pa9t ev5 an insignificant object z x is1 & n z ! old ma/]s or ! new ma/]s h said x %\ld be pa9t$1 to p]sev]e 9 look+ at tru? & at nature )\t ! smalle/ prejudice = tradition1 ?is 0 ! :ole my/]y & cabal ( ! ,p4 ,r4 ,b4 ,!y call$ !mselves pr]aphaelite1 because !y f\nd 9 ! w+s ( ,lippi's angels1 & ! columb9es ( ,p]ug9o's g>d5s t lov+ & exact /udy ( m9ute ?+s :i* gave to !m a s5se ( s9c]ity1 & :i* !y miss$ 9 ! bread? & ease ( lat] "w4 ,!y _h no ambition to spla% z no "o spla%$ be=e s9ce great ,caldasi ,polidore2 b !y did wi% to draw a fl[] or a cl\d s t x %\ld be a portrait ( t cl\d or fl[]4 ,9 ?is ambition x w\ld be curi\s to "k1 & ,i d n ?9k t ,i h ev] he>d x /at$1 h[ f> !y 7 influ5c$ by ,mr4 ,rusk9 & 8 ,mod]n ,pa9t]s4 ,i %\ld n expect to f9d ,rossetti influ5c$ by any outside =ce 9 ?is any m ?an 9 o!r in/ances1 b at all ev5ts ,mr4 ,rusk9 eag]ly accept$ ! bro!rhood z practical expon5ts ( ! !ories he _h pron\nc$4 ,none ( !m1 ,i ?9k1 knew him p]sonally :5 he wrote ! fam\s lett] to ! ,times 9 #ahea1 def5d+ ,mr4 ,millais & ,mr4 ,holman ,hunt f ! abuse ( ignorant critics1 :o1 he said1 _h fail$ to p]ceive ! v pr9ciples on :i* ^! two "y m5 7 proce$+4 ,somebody wrote to him to expla9 t !re 7 ?ree "y m51 & ,mr4 ,rusk9 wrote a note to ,gabriel ,rossetti1 desir+ to see 8 "w1 & ?us ! acqua9tance ( ^! two rem>kable m5 comm5c$4 ,mean:ile1 al?\gh ! m vigor\s memb]s ( ! bro!rhood _h %[n no special sympa?y = ,rossetti's religi\s my/icism1 a feebl] arti/1 himself "o ( ! orig9al sev51 _h tak5 x up ) emb>rass+ effusion4 ,?is 0 ! late ,james ,coll9son1 ^: pr9cipal picture1 ,/4 ,elizabe? ( ,hung>y1 f9i%$ 9 #ahea1 produc$ a sort ( crisis 9 ,rossetti's c>e]4 ,?is pa9t+ out-my/ifi$ ! my/ic himself2 x 0 simply maudl9 & hy/]ical1 ?\gh drawn ) "s feel+ = grace1 & 9 a v e>ne/ _s4 ,rossetti1 ) 8 /rong good s5se1 recogniz$ t x w\ld be impossible ev] to rea* ! public ) art ( ?is unmanly "*1 & f ?is "t =? he began to ab&on ! practice ( directly sacr$ art4 ,= "s little "t aft] ab&on+ ! directly sacr$ field 9 pa9t+1 ,rossetti seems to h pass$ ?r\gh a disconsolate & dubi\s p]iod4 ,i am told t he work$ = _m mon?s ov] a l>ge picture call$ ,kate ! ,que51 f "s well-kn[n words by ,br[n+4 ,he made no progress ) ?is1 seem$ dissatisfi$ ) 8 own m$ia1 felt ! weight ( 8 lack ( tra9+1 & pass$1 9 %ort1 ?r\gh "o ( ^? d[nca/ moods1 :i* ,%akespe>e has s m>vell\sly describ$ 9 ,tir$ ) all ^!1 & :i* are incid5t1 soon] or lat]1 to e man ( g5ius4 ,:ile 8 t\* 9 poetry grew con/antly m sure & ma/]ly1 8 p[] z a draughtsman ?reat5$ to leave him altoge!r4 ,he 0 to h drawn "o ( ! frontispieces 9 ! ,g]m1 b1 al?\gh he toil$ ) a design1 he c\ld n make x come "r4 ,at la/ a happy accid5t put him on ! true track1 & reveal$ 8 prop] g5ius to himself4 ,he began to make small draw+s ( poetical subjects 9 wat]-colors--mo/ ( ^? :i* ,i h se5 are n m ?an tw5ty in*es by twelve--ov] :i* he labor$1 & into :i* he p\r$ 8 exquisite s5se ( color1 inspir$ )\t d\bt by ! glass ( m$ival *ur* w9d[s4 ,he travell$ s v little1 t ,i d n "k :e!r he ev] saw ! treasures ( radiant jewel-"w :i* fret ! gloom ( ,*>tres or ( ,b\rges2 b if he nev] saw !m1 he div9$ !m1 & ^! are ! only pieces ( color :i* 9 ! lea/ degree sugge/ ! draw+s ( ?is1 ,rossetti's second p]iod4 ,z f> z "o c ga!r1 8 me?od 01 fir/1 to become int]p5etrat$ ) ! s5tim5t ( "s ballad or passage ( emotional poetry1 !n to m$itate on ! sc5e till he saw x cle>ly be=e him2 !n--& ?is seems to h always be5 ! difficult & t$i\s "p--to draw 9 ! design1 & !n ) triumphant ease to fill 9 ! outl9es ) radiant color4 ,he _h an almo/ insup]able difficulty 9 keep+ 8 composition )9 ! conf9es ( ! pap] ^u :i* he work$1 & at la/ 0 cont5t to h a purely accid5tal limit to ! design1 no matt] :at limbs ( ! dramatis p]son 7 %e]$ away by ! frame4 ,x w\ld n be ! act ( a true fri5d to ,rossetti's memory to pret5d t ^! draw+s1 ( :i* = ! next t5 or fifte5 ye>s he cont9u$ to produce a great numb]1 7 )\t faults ( a nature :i* any coxcomb c\ld p]ceive1 or )\t ecc5tricities :i* an untra9$ eye might easily mi/ake = faults2 b ?is does n 9 ! lea/ militate aga9/ ! fact t 9 two great dep>tm5ts ( ! pa9t]'s faculty1 9 imag9ative s5tim5t & 9 weal? ( color1 !y h nev] be5 surpass$4 ,!y h r>ely1 inde$1 be5 equall$ 9 ! hi/ory ( pa9t+4 ,a ,rossetti draw+ ( ?is class hung ) specim5s ( o!r art1 anci5t or mod]n1 simply de/roys !m4 ,i d n mean t x is bett] or worse ?an !y are1 b t x kills !m z ! electric light puts out a gl[-worm4 ,no o!r man's color w be> ^! po9ts ( ruby-crimson1 ^! expanses ( deep turquoise-blue1 ^! flagrant sc>lets & ?und]\s purples4 ,he pa9ts ! sleeve ( a trumpet]2 x is su* an orange z ! eye c sc>ce endure to look at4 ,he pa9ts ! tiles ( a *imney-corn]2 !y are z gre5 z ! peacock's eyes 9 ! sun%9e4 ,! _w is seldom ready to receive any new ?+4 ,^! draw+s ( ,rossetti's 7 sc>cely notic$ ev5 by ^? :o are habitually on ! wat* = fre% developm5ts 9 art4 ,b :5 ! pa9t] next em]ges into some?+ l publicity we f9d him att5d$ by a brilliant company ( y\ng] m51 all m or less influ5c$ by 8 tea*+ & attract$ by 8 gifts4 ,! ,pre-,raphaelite ,bro!rhood _h be5 a v ephem]al in/itution2 9 ?ree ye>s1 or f\r at ! mo/1 x _h ceas$ to exi/2 b its pr9ciples & ! en]gy ( its f\nd] _h left _! m>k on ! :ole _w ( art4 ,9 #ahdi ,rossetti _h exhibit$ 8 picture1 ,! ,girlhood ( ,m>y ,virg91 at ! ,portl& ,gall]y1 an exhibition 9 rivalry ( ! ,royal ,academy1 :i* exi/$ b a v %ort "t4 ,z f> z ,i c discov]1 he did n exhibit aga9 9 ,london until #ahef1 :5 he & 8 fri5ds op5$ a collection ( _! pictures at #d ,russell ,place1 ,fitzroy ,squ>e4 ,we w\ld r h se5 t little gall]y ?an see mo/ ( ! %[-exhibitions ( ,europe4 ,9 x ! f9e art ( ! ,anglo-,saxon race 0 se5 dawn+ aga9 aft] its long & d>k night4 ,rossetti himself 0 ! pr9cipal exhibitor1 b 8 two e>lie/ colleagues1 n[ fam\s pa9t]s1 ,mr4 ,millais & ,mr4 ,holman ,hunt1 also contribut$4 ,& "h 7 all ! new tal5ts :om ,rossetti _h attract$ ar\nd him dur+ ! la/ sev5 ye>s3 ,mr4 ,madox ,br[n1 ) 8 f9e g5ius = hi/ory2 ,mr4 ,j4 ,d4 ,watson1 ) 8 /rong m$ival aff9ities2 ,mr4 ,boyce1 ) 8 delicate portraiture ( ru/ic sc5es2 ,mr4 ,brett1 ! f9e/ ( our /ud5ts ( ! sea2 ,mr4 ,w4 ,b4 ,scott himself2 besides "o or two o!rs1 ,mr4 ,*>les ,coll9s1 ,mr4 ,campbell1 ,mr4 ,halliday1 ,mr4 ,m>t9eau1 :om dea? or adv]se =tune remov$ be=e !y _h q fulfill$ _! promise4 ,gabriel ,rossetti contribut$ to ?is int]e/+ & hi/oric exhibition five or six ( ^? m>vell\s draw+s ( :i* m5tion has j be5 made4 ,dante's ,dream1 ! fam\s vision ( ,june #i1 #abij1 ) its c\nt]p>t1 ,! ,anniv]s>y ( ! ,dream1 9 #abia1 7 ! mo/ prom95t ( ^!4 ,a ,m>y ,magdal5e 0 p]haps ! mo/ mov+ & excit+4 ,?is extremely orig9al design %[$ ! ,magdal5e pursu$ by h] lov]s1 b turn+ away f !m all to seek ,jesus 9 ! h\se ( ,simon ! ,ph>isee4 ,! ar*itecture 9 ?is draw+ 0 almo/ *ildi%2 ! wall ( ,simon's h\se is n ?ree in*es ?ick1 & !re is n room = a gr[n-up p]son on ! /airs t lead to x2 b ! t5d] imag9ation ( ! :ole1 ! sweet p]suasiv5ess ( ,*ri/1 :o looks out ( a w9d[1 ! passion ( ! awak5$ s9n]1 :o te>s ! roses out ( h] hair1 ! curi\s novelty ( treatm5t 9 ! heads & drap]ies1 all ^! comb9e to make x "o ( ^? works1 ! moral =ce & directness ( :i* appeal to ! he>t at once4 ,p]haps ! mo/ brilliant piece ( color at ! ,russell ,place ,gall]y may h be5 ,rossetti's ,blue ,closet1 a picture :i* ei!r illu/rat$ or1 z ,i %\ld r suppose1 sugge/$ ,mr4 ,morris's wond]ful poem publi%$ two ye>s lat]4 ,! same ye> t display$ him to ! public already surr\nd$ by a brilliant phalanx ( pa9t]-fri5ds1 discov]$ him also1 to ! judici\s1 z a c5tre ( poetic light & heat4 ,! circum/ances connect$ ) ,rossetti's visit to ,ox=d a little e>li] ?an ?is are too rec5t1 are fre% 9 ! memories ( too _m liv+ p]sons ( di/9ction1 to be discuss$ ) propriety by "o :o 0 n pres5t4 ,b c]ta9 facts are public1 & may be m5tion$4 ,! ,ox=d ,union /ill %[s ar\nd ! int]ior ( its cupola /range1 %ad[y frescoes1 melt+ into no?+ness1 :i* are ! "w ( six m51 ( :om ,rossetti 0 ! lead]4 ,^! y\?s _h enjoy$ no practical tra9+ 9 t p>ticul>ly artificial bran* ( art1 mural pa9t+1 & yet x seems /range t ,rossetti himself1 at lea/1 %\ld n h und]/ood t a vehicle1 su* z yolk ( egg mix$ ) v9eg>1 0 absolutely necess>y to temp]a1 or t x 0 prop]1 9 fresco-pa9t+1 to prep>e ! walls1 & pa9t 9 ! fre% wet mort>4 ,!y us$ no vehicle1 !y fix$ _! colors 9 no coat ( pla/]1 b !y ?rew _! ineffectual dry pa9t on ! nak$ brick4 ,! result has be5 t _! int]e/+ boyi% ef=ts are n[ decay$ beyond any *ance ( re/oration4 ,x is impossible1 h[ev]1 to asc5d ! gall]y ( ! ,ox=d ,union & exam9e ! gho/ly frescoes t are fad+ !re1 )\t great int]e/ & ev5 emotion4 ,( ! "y m5 :o pa9t$ !re "u ,gabriel ,rossetti's eye1 all h become greatly di/+ui%$4 ,mr4 ,edw>d ,burne-,jones1 ,mr4 ,william ,morris1 & ,mr4 ,sp5c] ,/anhope 7 und]graduates at ,ox=d4 ,mr4 ,val5t9e ,pr9sep & ,mr4 ,ar?ur ,hughes1 ,i believe1 7 ,royal ,academy /ud5ts :o 7 invit$ d[n by ,rossetti4 ,_! "w 0 nave & que] to ! la/ degree4 ,x is p]haps n fair to say :i* "o ( !m f\nd s mu* difficulty 9 pa9t+ ! legs ( 8 figures t he drew an imp5etrable cov]t ( sunfl[]s "r across 8 picture1 & only %[$ ! faces ( 8 h]oes & h]o9es betwe5 ! gold5 disks4 ,! ,ox=d & ,cambridge ,magaz9e1 :i* also dates f ! ye> #ahef1 is a /ill m notable expression ( budd+ g5ius ?an ! dome ( ! ,ox=d ,union4 ,x 0 edit$ by ,mr4 ,godfrey ,lu%+ton1 all its articles 7 anonym\s1 & x contriv$ to exi/ ?r\gh twelve consecutive mon?ly numb]s4 ,a complete set is n[ r>e1 & ! p]iodical itself is mu* less kn[n ?an befits su* a receptacle ( pure lit]ature4 ,x conta9s ?ree or f\r ( ,rossetti's f9e/ poems2 a great _m ( ^? extraord9>y pieces1 /eep$ 9 m$ival color+1 :i* ,mr4 ,william ,morris 0 to collect 9 #aheh into 8 bewit*+ volume1 call$ ,! ,def5ce ( ,gu5ev]e2 sev]al delightful prose /ories ( life 9 ! ,middle ,ages1 also by ,mr4 ,morris1 :i*1 l c]ta9 prose romances by ,mr4 ,burne-,jones1 h nev] be5 publicly claim$ or repr9t$ by _! au?or2 & n a little else t 0 z new z x 0 notable4 ,a little lat] ,mr4 ,william ,morris's fir/ book 0 d$icat$ ,to my ,fri5d ,dante ,gabriel ,rossetti1 ,pa9t]1 & 9 #ahfj ,mr4 ,sw9burne foll[$ ) a l inscription ( 8 fir/-fruits1 8 tragic drama ( ,! ,que5-,"m4 ,?us 9 ! c\rse ( a little m ?an t5 ye>s1 ,rossetti _h become ! c5tre & sun ( a galaxy ( tal5t 9 poetry & pa9t+1 m brilliant p]haps ?an any :i* has ev] ackn[l$g$ ! b5efic5t sway ( any "o ,engli%man ( g5ius4 ,b all ?is :ile ! _w outside knew no?+ ( ! matt]4 ,"o by "o ! y\ng] m5 /epp$ =w>d on ! public /age & secur$ ! plaudits ( ! disc]n+1 & asc5d$ ! sl[ incl9e ( g5]al reputation4 ,b ,rossetti rema9$ ob/9ately recluse1 f> pref]r+ to be ! prie/ & confessor ( g5ius to act+ himself a public "p4 ,to ?is det]m9ation sev]al outw>d ?+s engag$ him /ill fur!r4 ,he m>ri$ q e>ly 9 life2 & 8 wife1 :o 0 h]self an arti/ ( r>e1 if some:at wild & untra9$ tal5t1 bore him a son :o di$ at bir?1 & !n %ortly aft] di$ h]self4 ,dur+ 8 brief m>ri$ mon?s ,rossetti _h collect$ ! ,,mss4 ( 8 poems1 & ?\ght to publi% !m2 b :5 he lo/ 8 wife1 9 a p>oxysm ( grief he plac$ ! %eets ( 8 poems 9 h] c(f91 & w\ld he> no m a sugge/ion ( publication4 ,9 #ahfa he pres5t$ ! _w ) a v le>n$ & beautiful an?ology ( e>ly ,italian poetry1 & propos$ z e>ly z t ye> to pr9t 8 orig9al poems4 ,x 0 8 s*eme to "n ! little volume ,dante 9 ,v]ona1 & o!r ,poems2 b x came to no?+4 ,ab\t #ahfg ! s*eme ( publication aga9 took possession ( him4 ,i h be5 told t a sudd5 s5tim5t ( middle age1 ! fact t he f\nd himself 9 8 =tie? ye>1 l$ him to conqu] 8 scruples1 & f9ally arrange 8 pieces4 ,b he 0 s+ul>ly fa/idi\s2 ! arrangem5t w\ld nev] please him2 ! cov] mu/ be cut 9 brass1 ! pap] at ! sides mu/ be> a special design4 ,^! niceties 7 r>] twelve ye>s ago ?an !y are n[1 & ! pr9t]s fatigu$ him ) _! p]si/5t ob/9acy4 ,x 0 n till e>ly 9 #ahgj t ! ,poems 9 /ately =m fir/ appe>$1 & 7 hail$ ) a %\t ( admiration :i* 0 practically univ]sal4 ,x 0 ab\t ,*ri/mas 9 t same ye>1 #ahgj1 t he :o writes ^! l9es 0 fir/ pres5t$ to ,gabriel ,rossetti4 ,! impression on my m5tal eye is z fre% z if x _h be5 made ye/]day1 in/ead ( twelve ye>s ago4 ,he 0 a man ( av]age height1 commonly loosely clad 9 black1 s z to give "o some?+ ( ! notion ( an abb2 ! head v full1 & dom$ l t ( ,%akespe>e1 z x 0 !n usual to say--to my ?9k+ m l t ( ,*auc]--9 any case a head sur*>g$ ) imag9ation & p[]1 /rongly ,italian 9 color & ca/4 ,! eyes 7 exce$+ly deep set1 9 cav]n\s sockets2 !y 7 l>ge1 & black1 & full ( a re/less brilliance1 a pi]c+ quality :i* consol$ ! %y novice by n be+ /ation>y4 ,la/ly1 a voice ( bell-l tone & sonority1 a voice capable ( express+ )\t ef=t e %ade ( emotion f rage & t]ror to ! mo/ sublime t5d]ness4 ,i h nev] he>d a voice s fitt$ = poetical effect1 s purely imag9ative1 & yet1 9 its abs5ce ( rhetoric1 s cle> & v>i\s1 z t ( ,gabriel ,rossetti4 ,i reta9 "o special memory ( 8 read+ 9 8 own /udio ! unf9i%$ ,,ms4 ( ,rose ,m>y1 9 #ahgc1 :i* surpass$ 9 ?is direction any pleasure :i* x has be5 my lot to enjoy2 & on v>i\s occasions ,i h li/5$ to 8 read+ ( sonnets1 8 own & ^? ( o!rs1 ) a s5se t 8 intonation reveal$ a beauty 9 ! =m ( t species ( v]se :i* x _h nev] be5 se5 to possess be=e4 ,i h already spok5 ( 8 wond]ful c\rtl9ess to a new acqua9tance1 8 bewit*+ air ( sympa?y2 on a clos] intimacy ?is /ately mann] w\ld break up into wild fits ( mir?1 & any sket* ( ,rossetti w\ld be incomplete t did n describe 8 l\d & infecti\s laught]4 ,he liv$ v mu* ap>t f ! e-day life ( mank9d1 n o/5tati\sly1 b f a g5u9e lack ( int]e/ 9 pass+ ev5ts4 ,an old fri5d tells me t dur+ ! ,fr5* ,revolution he bur/ into ,rossetti's /udio ) ! incr$ible news1 ,l\is-,philippe has l&$ 9 ,engl&6 ,has he8 said ,rossetti1 calmly4 ,:at has he come =8 ,t c]ta9 political ev5ts1 9 :i* he saw a great symbolic significance1 c\ld move him deeply1 is easily prov$ by su* sonnets z ! noble ,on ! ,refusal ( ,aid betwe5 ,nations1 & ,cz> ,alex&] ,,ii4 ,b su* glances out ( w9d[ into ! liv+ /reet 7 r>e1 & =m$ no *>act]i/ic "p ( 8 s*eme ( life4 ,z a poet 9 ^! great ye>s he possess$ r>e gifts ( passionate utt]ance1 & h>mony ( vision & expression4 ,mr4 ,sw9burne has *>act]iz$ ^! qualities 9 words :i* leave no lat] comm5tator ! *ance ( di/+ui%+ himself4 ,b x w\ld be totally unju/1 ev5 9 s cursory & p]sonal a sket* z ?is1 to all[ ! impression to g undisput$ t ,rossetti pref]r$ ! ext]nal =m to ! inw>d sub/ance ( poetry4 ,?is *>ge 0 br\ght aga9/ him1 z x has always be5 br\ght aga9/ e>ne/ /ud5ts ( poetic art4 ,i w r quote a few words f a lett] ( ,rossetti to me1 writt5 9 #ahgc1 :5 he 0 compos+ 8 own magnum opus ( ,rose ,m>y4 ,i h always felt !m to be v salut>y1 none ! less because x is obvi\s t ! writ] did n at all times contrive1 or p]haps desire1 to make !m true 9 8 own "w3 ,x seems to me t all poetry1 to be really endur+1 is b\nd to be z amus+ 7h[ev] trivial ! ^w may s\nd7 z any o!r class ( lit]ature2 & ,i d n ?9k t en\gh amusem5t to keep x alive c ev] be got out ( incid5ts n am\nt+ to ev5ts1 or out ( travell+ exp]i5ces ( an ord9>y k9d h[ev] agreeably1 obs]vantly1 or ev5 ?\ghtfully treat$4 ,i w\ld es*ew 9 writ+ all !mes t are n s tr5*antly individualiz$ z to leave no m>g9 = discursiv5ess4 ,dur+ ! la/ eight ye>s ( 8 life1 ,rossetti's :ole be+ 0 cl\d$ by ! t]rible curse ( an excitable temp]am5t--sleeplessness4 ,to ov]come ?is enemy1 :i* int]f]$ ) 8 p[]s ( "w & conc5tration ( ?\ght1 he accept$ ! trea*]\s aid ( ! new drug1 *loral1 :i* 0 !n vaunt$ z p]fectly h>mless 9 its effect ^u ! heal?4 ,! doses ( *loral became m & m necess>y to him1 & ,i am told t at la/ !y became s frequ5t & excessive t no case has be5 record$ 9 ! annals ( m$ic9e 9 :i* "o pati5t has tak5 s mu*1 or ev5 half s mu*1 *loral z ,rossetti took4 ,"u ?is un:olesome drug 8 con/itution1 orig9ally a magnific5t "o1 slipp$ unconsci\sly into decay1 ! m /eal?ily t ! poison seem$ to h no effect :atev] on ! p[]s ( ! victim's intellect4 ,he pa9t$ until physical =ce fail$ him2 he wrote brilliantly to ! v la/1 & two sonnets dictat$ by him on 8 dea?-b$ are describ$ to me z be+ entirely wor?y ( 8 mature p[]s4 ,!re is some?+ almo/ melan*oly 9 su* a pro( ( ! sup]ior vitality ( ! bra94 ,if ! m9d _h %>$ ! weakness ( ! body1 ! insidi\s enemy might p]haps h be5 r\t$ 9 "t to secure ! ela/ic reb\nd ( bo?4 ,b :5 ! *loral 0 /\tly met at la/1 x 0 too late4 ,s at ! age ( fifty-f\r we h lo/ a man :om we %\ld h reta9$1 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 = tw5ty ye>s long] 9 ! pl5titude ( 8 p[]s1 b = a mi/ake 9 hygi5e--a m$ical exp]im5t4 ,8 "w ( inspir+ ! "y1 ( project+ 8 fi]y orig9ality along ! ve9s ( o!rs1 0 p]haps complet$2 x is d\btful :e!r ?is c ev] be cont9u$ ) advantage ?r\gh m ?an two g5]ations4 ,! prophet is apt at la/ to become a tyrant1 & f ?is ill apo!osis ,rossetti 0 sp>$4 ,b !re 0 no reason :y he %\ld n1 = at lea/ a score ( ye>s1 h produc$ noble pictures & h writt5 gorge\s poems1 emphasiz+ a p]sonal success :i* he w\ld h ext5d$1 ?\gh he h>dly c\ld h rais$ x4 ,yet he 0 always a melan*oly man2 ( late ye>s he _h become almo/ a solit>y man4 ,l ,*>les ( ,au/ria1 he _h disb&$ 8 body-gu>d1 & _h retir$ to ! cloi/]4 ,p]haps a long] life w\ld n h br\ght mu* enjoym5t ) x4 ,b ^! are idle speculations1 & we h r to call to our remembrance ! fact t "o ( ! brighte/ & mo/ di/+ui%$ ( our race1 a man ^: v exi/5ce 0 a prote/ aga9/ n>r[ness ( aim & feebl5ess ( purpose1 "o ( ! great tor*-be>]s 9 ! procession ( ,engli% art1 has be5 call$ f u 9 ! prime ( life1 be=e ! full significance ( 8 g5ius _h be5 prop]ly felt4 ,he 0 ! contempor>y ( "s mighty names old] ?an 81 yet !re sc>cely 0 to be f\nd among !m all a _s m ?or\ghly orig9al2 & surely1 :5 ! paltry conflicts ( pass+ ta/e are laid to re/ =ev]1 x w be f\nd t ?is man has writt5 8 signature indelibly on "o ( ! pr9cipal pages ( ! regi/] ( our intellectual hi/ory4 ,signature ( ! au?or4 ,,gu/ave ,,dor#aa ,footnote #aa3 ,repr9t$ by p]mission1 f ! ,nation4 ,by ,,k5yon ,,cox 7#ahcb-ahhc7 ,illu/ration3 ,gu/ave ,dor4 ,x is n[ elev5 ye>s s9ce ,gu/ave ,dor di$4 ,he 0 an (fic] ( ! ,legion ( ,honor1 _h atta9$ consid]able weal?1 & 0 probably m widely kn[n ?an any o!r arti/ ( 8 day4 ,8 "n 0 a h\sehold ^w 9 two cont95ts4 ,yet he di$ a disappo9t$ & embitt]$ man1 & is proclaim$ by 8 fri5ds z a neglect$ & misund]/ood g5ius4 ,he 0 kn[n ! _w ov] z ! mo/ a/oni%+ly prolific illu/rator ( books t has ev] liv$2 he wi%$ to be kn[n 9 ,france z a great pa9t] & a great sculptor1 & because ! arti/s & critics ( ,france nev] s]i\sly recogniz$ 8 claims to ?is glory1 he seems to h become a victim ( ! mania ( p]secution1 & 8 naturally sunny nature 0 ov]-cl\d$ ) moros5ess & suspicion4 ,hail$ by "s z ! emulator & equal ( ! great names ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance1 & consid]$ a great moral =ce--a prea*] pa9t]--by o!rs he has be5 d5\nc$ z design] 9 *ief to ! devil1 & describ$ z a man wall[+ 9 all f\lness & horror1 a sort ( demon ( frightful p[]4 ,bo? ^! extreme judgm5ts are ,engli%4 ,! late ,blan*>d ,j]rold1 an intimate fri5d & collaborator ( ! arti/1 takes ! fir/ view4 ,mr4 ,rusk9 & ,mr4 ,ham]ton h tak5 ! second4 ,dor's own c\ntrym5 h nev] accept$ ei!r4 ,j :]e1 betwe5 !m1 ! tru? lies1 z we see x1 we %all endeavor to %[ 9 ?is article4 ,! ma9 facts ( ,dor's life may be dismiss$ v briefly4 ,he 0 born ) a caul on ,janu>y #f1 #ahcb1 9 ! ,rue ,bleue at ,/rasb\rg1 ne> ! ,ca!dral4 ,ab\t #ahda 8 fa!r remov$ to ,b\rg1 9 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,a91 :]e he 0 *ief gov]nm5t eng9e] ( ! dep>tm5t4 ,^! two resid5ces ( ! "y arti/ are suppos$ to acc\nt = ! ma/]y ( ,go?ic ar*itecture & ( m\nta9 sc5]y :i* 8 admir]s f9d 9 8 mature "w4 ,he %[$ v e>ly 9 life a passion = draw+1 &1 z a small *ild1 _h always a p5cil 9 8 h&1 :i* he begg$ to h %>p5$ at bo? ends1 t he might "w long] )\t int]ruption4 ,8 fa!r int5d$ him = an eng9e]1 b he 0 det]m9$ f ! fir/ to be an arti/4 ,he 0 ( a gay & jovial disposition1 giv5 to pranks & practical jokes1 & ( an a?letic temp]am5t4 ,?ophile ,gauti] aft]w>d call$ him a gam9 de gnie4 ,9 #ahdg1 :5 he 0 fifte5 ye>s old1 be+ 9 ,p>is ) 8 p>5ts1 he call$ ^u ,phillippon1 ! publi%]1 & %[$ him "s ( 8 sket*es4 ,m4 ,phillippon look$ at !m1 & s5t a lett] to ,dor's p>5ts1 p]suad+ !m to all[ ! boy to rema9 9 ,p>is1 & promis+ !m to beg9 us+ 8 "w at once & to pay = x4 ,?us1 )\t any /udy ( art :atev]1 he began 8 c>e]1 & 9 a few ye>s _h produc$ a prodigi\s quantity ( "w1 & 0 a celebrat$ man be=e he 0 tw5ty4 ,no "o kn[s h[ _m draw+s he made4 ,he liv$ l an ,arab1 work$ e>ly & late1 & ) a/oni%+ rapidity made ?\s&s ( draw+s = ! comic pap]s1 besides e>ly beg9n+ ! publication ( indep5d5t books4 ,"o e/imate1 :i* ,mr4 ,j]rold ?9ks excessive1 cr$its him ) hav+ publi%$ =ty ?\s& draw+s be=e he 0 =ty6 ,mr4 ,j]rold himself reckons two hundr$ & sixty-six draw+s done 9 "o ye>4 ,8 ,labors ( ,h]cules 0 br\ght out 9 #ahdh1 :5 he 0 sixte51 & be=e he 0 tw5ty-sev5 he _h publi%$ 8 ,holy ,russia1 8 ,w&]+ ,jew1 8 illu/rations to ,balzac's ,contes ,drlatiques1 to ,rabelais1 & _m o!r au?ors4 ,8 be/ "w 0 done at an age :5 mo/ arti/s are pa9fully acquir+ ! rudim5ts ( _! art4 ,we all "k ! books t foll[$4 ,mean:ile he 0 det]m9$ to be kn[n z a great pa9t]1 &1 :ile flood+ ! m>ket ) 8 c\ntless illu/rations1 0 work+ at great canvases ( ,biblical subjects1 :i*1 ?\gh ! ,fr5* w\ld n accept !m1 7 hugely admir$ 9 ! ,dor ,gall]y ( ,london4 ,lat] he tri$ sculpture also1 & 8 la/ "w 0 a monum5t to ,alex&re ,dumas1 :i* he made at 8 own exp5se1 & pres5t$ to ! city ( ,p>is4 ,he di$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ye> #ahhc1 worn out ) excessive production--a great "n1 b an unsatisfi$ man4 ,mr4 ,j]rold has divid$ 8 book into two p>ts1 deal+ fir/ ) ,dor ! illu/rator1 & !n ) ,dor ! pa9t] & sculptor4 ,x is an em95tly natural arrangem5t1 &1 9 our ef=t to arrive at ,dor's true position 9 art1 we _c d bett] ?an to foll[ x4 ,dor's e>lie/ "w 0 frankly t ( a c>icaturi/4 ,he _h a quick eye1 no tra9+1 & a c]ta9 extravagant imag9ation1 & c>icature 0 8 inevitable field4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 z ,mr4 ,j]rold himself rem>ks1 a c>icaturi/ :o seldom raises a laugh4 ,n he>ty fun1 /ill less delicate humor1 0 84 ,9 ! high] qualities ( c>icature 8 contempor>ies1 ,daumi] & ,gav>ni1 7 va/ly 8 sup]iors4 ,an exub]ance ( grotesque fancy & a recklessness ( exagg]ation 7 8 dom9ant notes4 ,8 e>li] "w1 up to & includ+ ! ,rabelais1 is n really funny--to _m m9ds x is ev5 pa9ful--b x is unmi/akably c>icature ( a da%+1 savage sort4 ,to our m9d x rema9s 8 be/ "w1 & t by :i* he is mo/ likely to live4 ,at lea/ x is ! "w t =m$ him & fix$ 8 *>act]i/ics1 & an und]/&+ ( x is ess5tial to any judgm5t ( him4 ,! qualities & ! defects ( 8 lat] "w--t :i* is mo/ prais$ & mo/ blam$ 9 8 production--are inh]5t 9 ! "w ( ?is p]iod1 & are be/ expla9$ by a ref]5ce to ! latt]4 ,take1 = in/ance1 :at has be5 d5\nc$ z 8 love ( horrors & ( f\lness1 8 delight 9 blood & massacre4 ,he is scor$ = ?is z if he 7 "o ( t mod]n ,fr5* s*ool1 beg9n+1 p]haps1 ) ,regnault1 :o h revell$ 9 ! reali/ic pres5tation ( executions & battles1 & h s\ght to effect by %e] s5sationalism :at !y c\ld n by g5tl] means4 ,x is surpris+ t 8 critics h n se5 t ,dor's battles are always1 ev5 to ! end1 ! battles ( a c>icaturi/4 ,8 decapitat$ trunks1 clov5 heads1 smok+ he>ts1 arms /ill fight+ ?\gh sev]$ f _! bodies1 are simply a debau* ( grim humor4 ,!re is nev] ! slighte/ attempt to realize c>nage--only to convey1 by ! c>icaturi/'s exagg]ation1 an idea ( colossally impossible blood?ir/9ess4 ,"o may n enjoy ?is k9d ( fun1 b to take x s]i\sly1 z ! emanation ( a gloomy & diabolic g5ius1 is absurd4 ,! same te/ is equally de/ructive ( mu* ( ! praise ,dor has receiv$4 ,he is con/antly spok5 (1 ev5 by sev]e critics ( 8 pa9t+1 z a great illu/rator :o id5tifi$ himself ) ! m9ds ( "o great writ] aft] ano!r4 ,b ,dor id5tifi$ himself ) no "o2 he 0 always ,dor4 ,ev5 9 ^! e>ly draw+s he _c keep to ! _s ( ! text1 ?\gh ! subjects suit$ him mu* bett] ?an _m he tri$ lat]4 ,!re is a great deal ( broad gayety & ,gallic wit 9 ! ,contes ,drlatiques1 b x 0 n broad en\gh = ,dor1 & he has conv]t$ its mo/ human *>act]s into impossible grotesques4 ,ano!r ?+ = :i* ,dor is prais$ is 8 wond]ful memory4 ,mr4 ,j]rold repeats m ?an once ,dor's phrase1 ,i h lots ( collodion 9 my head1 & rec\nts h[ he c\ld sc>cely be induc$ to make sket*es f nature1 b reli$ ^u 8 memory4 ,he also speaks ( ,dor's sy/em ( divid+ & subdivid+ a subject1 & not+ ! details 9 _! places1 s t he c\ld reproduce ! :ole aft]w>d4 ,?is "q ( "w f memory is "o ( ! mo/ vital = an und]/&+ ( ,dor1 & "o ( g5]al int]e/ 9 all matt]s ( art1 & is wor? att5tion4 ,( c\rse1 a man :o made hundr$s ( draw+s e ye> c\ld n "w mu* f nature1 & came to rely ^u 8 memory4 ,b :at is ! nature ( arti/ic memory1 & h[ does x p]=m its task8 ,we ?9k ! tru? is1 t ! arti/ :o habitually works f memory1 fills 9 8 details1 n f memory ( ! object1 b f memory ( ! way he has =m]ly drawn simil> objects4 ,he rev]ts to a s]ies ( =mul t he has gradually accumulat$4 ,?is man mu/ h a cloak4 ,?is is ! way a cloak is done4 ,a h&8 ,no?+ c be easi]2 ! h& =mula is ready4 ,! /ock 9 trade ( ! pr(essional illu/rator & c>icaturi/ is made up ( a ?\s& su* =mul--me?ods ( expression t convey ! idea readily en\gh to ! spectator1 b h little relation to fact4 ,s x is t ,dor nev] le>n$1 9 ! true s5se1 to draw4 ,he _h made = himself a sort ( arti/ic %or?&1 :i* enabl$ him to convey 8 sup]abundant ideas quickly & c]ta9ly to 8 public1 b 8 draw+ is :at is call$ mann]$ 9 ! extreme4 ,x is n repres5tation ( nature at all1 b pure =mula & *ic4 ,he is said to be a ma/] ( drap]y1 b he nev] drew a s+le fold correctly4 ,he is said to %[ great k ( ,go?ic ar*itecture1 b he nev] drew well a s+le column or f9ial4 ,9 8 lat] ye>s he /udi$ anatomy ) great p]sev]ance1 & advocat$ ! necessity ( dissection1 say+1 ,il faut f\rr] la ma9 d$ans 7,y mu/ /ick y\r h& 9 x72 b ! mann] 0 =m$1 & he nev] drew a leg ) a bone 9 x4 ,) ?is equipm5t he illu/rat$ ,don ,quixote1 ,dante1 ! ,bible4 ,is x /range t he %[s no sympa?y ) ! gr& simplicity ( ,dante1 or ! subtle humor ( ,c]vantes1 & t we c only be ?ankful t he nev] complet$ 8 project$ illu/rations to ,%akespe>e8 ,dor1 ! illu/rator1 0 fecund beyond prec$5t1 possess$ a c]ta9 /range droll]y1 _h a wond]ful fl[ ( ideas1 b 0 sup]ficial1 !atrical1 & mann]$1 & z f> f express+ real horror z f express+ real fun4 ,:at %all we say ( ,dor ! pa9t] & sculptor8 ,mr4 ,j]rold reports a discussion betwe5 ,dor & ,?ophile ,gauti]1 9 :i* ! roles ( arti/ & man ( lett]s are /rangely rev]s$4 ,gauti] & ,dor1 he says1 disagre$ fundam5tally on ! aims & me?ods ( art4 ,gauti] lov$ correctness1 p]fect =m--! te*nique1 9 %ort1 ( art2 :]eas ,dor cont5d$ t art :i* said no?+1 :i* convey$ no idea1 albeit p]fect 9 =m & color1 miss$ ! highe/ quality & raison d'tre ( art4 ,:at is pla9 f ?is is1 t ,gauti] 0 an arti/ & c>$ fir/ ( all = art1 :ile ,dor 0 nev] an arti/1 prop]ly speak+1 at all1 & nev] und]/ood ! arti/'s passion = p]fection4 ,to ,dor1 :at 0 necess>y 0 to express himself anyh[--:o c>$ if ! /yle 0 defective1 ! draw+ bad1 ! color crude8 ,! idea 0 ! ?+4 ,8 admir]s c def5d him only on ?is gr\nd1 & !y adopt ( necessity ! ,phili/9e po9t ( view4 ,! arti/s ( ,dor's "t & c\ntry 7 v cle> 9 _! op9ion4 ,! pa9t]s1 says ,mr4 ,j]rold1 said he c\ld n pa9t4 ,! sculptors admitt$ t he _h ideas 9 8 gr\ps1 b he 0 n sculpturesque4 ,8 fri5ds prote/ aga9/ ?is judgm5t1 & attribute x1 ad nauseam1 to malevol5ce & envy4 ,:at if 8 te*nique 0 less brilliant ?an t ( ,hals1 !y say2 :at if 8 %ad[s are less transp>5t ?an ^? ( ,rembr&t 7& !y w make no mean] comp>ison78 ,he is teem+ ) noble ?\ghts1 & ^! w put 8 "w on a level ) ! ma/]pieces ( ! ,italian ma/]s ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,x is ! conception1 ! creation--n ! p]fect pa9t+ ( legs & arms & heads1 ! h>moni\s gr\p+1 ! happy & delicate comb9ation ( color--by :i* ! obs]v] is held spell b\nd4 ,all ^! qualities1 :i* 8 admir]s grudg+ly admit t ,dor _h n1 are class$ z m]e dext]ity1 & are n consid]$ wor? a second ?\ght4 ,?is is ! true lit]>y gospel ( art1 b x is "o t no arti/1 & no critic :o has any true feel+ ( art1 has ev] accept$ or w ev] accept4 ,?\ghts1 ideas1 conceptions1 may enhance ! value ( a "w ( art1 provid$ x is fir/ ( all a piece ( beautiful art 9 itself1 b !y h nev] pres]v$1 & nev] w pres]ve f oblivion bad pa9t+ or bad sculpture4 ,! /yle is ! arti/1 if n ! man2 & ( ! two1 beautiful pa9t+ ) no idea at all 7grant+1 = ! sake ( argum5t1 t x exi/s71 w ev] be inf9itely m valuable to ! _w ?an ! lame expression ( ! noble/ ?\ghts4 ,:at may be ! real value ( ,dor's ?\ghts is !re=e a "q ) :i* we h no conc]n4 ,z pa9t] & sculptor1 8 lack ( education & 8 great te*nical imp]fections--8 bad draw+1 false light & %ade1 & crude color--relegate him =ev] to a rank f> bel[ m$iocrity4 ,su* reputation z he has is ! result ( ! admiration ( ^? altoge!r ignorant ( art1 b possess$ ( en\gh lit]>y ability to trumpet abroad _! praises ( great conceptions1 & w z surely fade away to no?+ z ! reputation ( su* simple pa9t]s z ,van ,d] ,me] or ,*>d9 w cont9ue to gr[1 :ile pa9t+ z an art is lov$ & und]/ood4 ,,compos]s ,,h&el ,by ,c4 ,e4 ,,b\rne 7#afhe-agei7 ,george ,fr$]ick ,h&el1 ( :om ,haydn once rev]5tly said1 ,he is ! ma/] ( u all1 0 born at ,halle1 9 ,l[] ,saxony1 on ,febru>y #bc1 #afhe4 ,8 fa!r 0 a surgeon1 & sixty-?ree ye>s ( age at ! "t ( 8 bir?--a t]ribly sev]e old man1 :o1 almo/ be=e 8 son 0 born1 _h det]m9$ t he %\ld be a lawy]4 ,! little *ild knew no?+ ( ! fate be=e him1 he only f\nd t he 0 nev] all[$ to g ne> a musical in/rum5t1 mu* z he want$ to he> its sweet s\nds1 & ! ob/9ate fa!r ev5 took him away f ! public day-s*ool = ! simple reason t ! musical gamut 0 taught !re 9 addition to ord9>y read+1 writ+1 & ari?metic4 ,b love always f9ds out ! way1 & 8 "m or nurse manag$ to procure = him ! =bidd5 delights2 a small clavi*ord1 or dumb sp9et1 ) ! /r+s cov]$ ) /rips ( clo? to dead5 ! s\nd1 0 f\nd = ! *ild1 & ?is he us$ to keep hidd5 9 ! g>ret1 creep+ away to play x 9 ! night-"t1 :5 ev]yone 0 asleep1 or :5ev] 8 fa!r 0 away f home doctor+ 8 pati5ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,h&el4 ,b1 at la/1 :5 ,george ,fr$]ick 0 sev5 ye>s ( age1 ! old man 0 compell$ to *ange 8 views4 ,x happ5$ 9 ?is way4 ,he set out "o day on a visit to ! c\rt ( ! ,duke ( ,saxe-,weiss5fels1 :]e ano!r son by a =m] m>riage 0 a page4 ,george ,fr$]ick _h be5 teas+ 8 fa!r to let him g ) him to see 8 eld] bro!r1 :om he _h n yet met1 b ?is 0 refus$4 ,:5 old ,h&el />t$ by ! /agecoa* ! next morn+1 ! p]si/5t little fell[ 0 on ! wat*2 he began runn+ aft] x1 & at l5g? ! fa!r 0 con/ra9$ to /op ! coa* & take ! boy 94 ,s1 ?\gh at ! exp5se ( a sev]e scold+1 ! *ild _h 8 way & 0 all[$ to g on to ,saxe-,weiss5fels4 ,:5 !re1 ! *apel1 ) ! beautiful organ1 0 ! great attraction1 & ,george ,fr$]ick1 z indomitable !n z he 0 9 aft]-life1 f\nd 8 way into ! organ l(t1 & :5 ! regul> s]vice 0 ov]1 contriv$ to take ! organi/'s place1 & began a p]=mance ( 8 own2 & /range to say1 ?\gh he _h n _h ! slighte/ tra9+1 a melody ) *ords & ! correct h>monies 0 he>d4 ,! duke _h n left ! *apel1 & notic+ ! diff]5ce 9 /yle f t ( ! ord9>y organi/1 inquir$ z to ! play]1 & :5 ! little boy 0 br\ght to him he soon discov]$1 by ! que/ions he put1 ! great passion = music :i* possess$ ! *ild4 ,! duke1 a s5sible man1 told ! fa!r x w\ld be wrong to oppose ! incl9ation ( a boy :o already display$ su* extraord9>y g5ius2 & old ,h&el1 ei!r conv9c$1 or at any rate submitt+ to ! duke's advice1 promis$ to procure = 8 son regul> musical in/rum5ts4 ,h&el nev] aft]w>d =got ! debt ( gratitude he ow$ to ! ,duke ( ,saxe-,weiss5fels = ?is int]cession4 ,on 8 return to ,halle he became ! pupil ( ,za*au1 ! organi/ ( ! ca!dral !re4 ,?is man 0 an excell5t tea*] & a s\nd musician4 ,be=e ! pupil 0 n9e ye>s old 8 in/ructor us$ to set him to write fugues & motets z ex]cises1 & be=e long ! boy 0 all[$ to play ! organ at ! ca!dral s]vices on ,sunday1 :5ev] ! eld] musician 0 incl9$ to l+] ov] 8 breakfa/ or to take a holiday4 ,at la/1 :5 "y ,h&el 0 n9e ye>s old1 ! ma/] hone/ly confess$ t 8 pupil knew m music ?an he himself did1 & advis$ t he %\ld be s5t to ,b]l9 = a c\rse ( fur!r /udy !re4 ,?i!r he accord+ly w5t 9 ! ye> #afif4 ,9 ,b]l9 ! boy ( elev5 ye>s 0 soon recogniz$ z a prodigy4 ,!re he met two ,italian compos]s ( e/abli%$ reputation1 ,bononc9i & ,attilio ,ario/i1 bo? ( :om he 0 to enc\nt] 9 aft]-life1 ?\gh "u v diff]5t circum/ances1 9 ,london4 ,bononc9i1 :o 0 ( a s\r & jeal\s disposition1 soon conceiv$ a dislike = ! gift$ little fell[1 & attempt$ to injure him by compos+ a piece = ! h>psi*ord full ( ! mo/ extraord9>y difficulties1 & !n ask+ him to play x at sight4 ,! boy1 h[ev]1 at once execut$ x )\t a mi/ake1 & ?us ! malici\s s*em] 0 foil$ by 8 own device4 ,attilio 0 ( a diff]5t disposition2 he prais$ ! "y musician to ! skies1 & 0 nev] we>y ( sitt+ by 8 side at ! organ or h>psi*ord1 & he>+ him improvise = h\rs4 ,! ,elector ( ,br&5burg also conceiv$ a great admiration = ! boy's tal5ts1 & (f]$ to s5d him to ,italy4 ,on old ,h&el be+ consult$1 h[ev]1 he plead$ t he 0 n[ an old man1 & wi%$ 8 son to rema9 ne> him4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 probably mu* to ! boy's disappo9tm5t1 he 0 br\ght back to ,halle1 & !re set to "w aga9 "u 8 old ma/]1 ,za*au4 ,soon aft] ?is return 8 fa!r di$1 9 #afig1 leav+ h>dly any?+ = 8 family1 & "y ,h&el _h n[ to s]i\sly be/ir himself to make a liv+4 ,) ?is object he w5t to ,hamburg1 :]e he obta9$ a place z second viol9 9 ! ,op]a-h\se4 ,soon aft] arriv+ !re1 ! po/ ( organi/ at ,lbeck became vacant1 & ,h&el 0 a c&idate = x4 ,b a peculi> condition 0 atta*$ to ! acceptance ( ! (fice2 ! new organi/ mu/ m>ry ! daught] ( ! old "o6 ,&1 z ,h&el ei!r did n approve ( ! lady1 or ( matrimony g5]ally 7& 9 fact he nev] 0 m>ri$71 he promptly retir$ f ! competition4 ,at fir/1 no "o suspect$ ! y\?'s tal5ts1 = he amus$ himself by pret5d+ to be an ignoramus1 until "o day ! accompanyi/ on ! h>psi*ord 7!n ! mo/ important in/rum5t 9 an or*e/ra7 0 abs5t1 & "y ,h&el took 8 place1 a/oni%+ ev]ybody by 8 ma/]ly t\*4 ,probably ?is discov]y ar\s$ ! jeal\sy ( "s ( 8 bro!r-arti/s1 = soon aft]w>d a duel took place betwe5 him & ,ma!son1 a clev] compos] & s+]1 :o "o night1 9 ! mid/ ( a qu>rel on leav+ ! !atre1 gave him a box on ! e>2 swords 7 drawn1 & ! duel took place !re & !n "u ! portico ( ! !atre4 ,=tunately ,ma!son's weapon 0 %iv]$ by com+ 9 contact ) a metal button on 8 oppon5t's coat4 ,explanations 7 !n (f]$1 & ! two adv]s>ies became fri5ds--inde$1 close fri5ds--aft]w>d4 ,almira1 ,que5 ( ,ca/ile1 ,h&el's fir/ op]a1 0 br\ght out 9 ,hamburg 9 #agje1 & 0 foll[$ by two o!rs1 ,n]o1 & ,daphne1 all receiv$ ) great favor1 & frequ5tly p]=m$4 ,illu/ration3 ,h&el's ,riv]-,conc]t = ,george ,i4 ,b ! "y musician det]m9$ to visit ,italy z soon z possible1 & aft] /ay+ 9 ,hamburg ?ree ye>s1 & hav+1 besides ! money he s5t 8 "m1 sav$ two hundr$ ducats = travell+ exp5ses1 he 0 able to set (f on ! j\rney1 !n "o ( ! great ev5ts 9 a musician's lifetime4 ,he visit$ ,flor5ce1 ,v5ice1 ,rome1 & ,naples1 9 almo/ e city writ+ op]as1 :i* we are told 7 produc$ ) ! mo/ brilliant success4 ,at ,v5ice an op]a 0 s\ght = f him1 & 9 ?ree weeks he _h writt5 ,agripp9a4 ,:5 produc$1 ! p receiv$ x ) frantic en?usiasm1 ! !atre res\nd+ ) %\ts ( ,viva il c>o ,sassone6 7,long live ! de> ,saxon67 ,! foll[+ /ory illu/rates ! extraord9>y fame he s quickly acquir$ 9 ,italy4 ,he arriv$ at ,v5ice dur+ ! middle ( ! c>nival1 & 0 tak5 to a mask$ ball1 & !re play$ ! h>psi*ord1 /ill keep+ on 8 mask4 ,dom5ico ,sc>latti1 ! mo/ fam\s h>psi*ord play] ( 8 age1 on he>+ him1 exclaim$1 ,:y1 x's ! devil1 or else ! ,saxon :om ev]yone is talk+ ab\t6 ,9 #agji he return$ to ,hanov]1 & 0 appo9t$ by ! ,elector ,george ( ,brunswick1 aft]w>d ,k+ ,george ,i41 ( ,engl&1 8 ,c\rt ,capellmei/]4 ,h&el's w&]+s next l$ him to ,engl&1 :]e he 0 treat$ ) s mu* honor t he %[$ no great hurry to return to ,hanov]1 &1 9 fact1 he rema9$ 9 ,engl& & coolly ignor$ 8 engagem5t z ,capellmei/]4 ,b an awkw>d piece ( retribution 0 at h&4 ,! ,elector ( ,hanov]1 on ! dea? ( ,que5 ,anne1 came to ,engl& z ! new k+1 & ,h&el1 8 del9qu5t ,capellmei/]1 c\ld h>dly expect to receive any %>e ( ! royal favor 9 future4 ,) ! help ( a fri5d ( 81 ,b>on ,kilmanseck1 he det]m9$1 h[ev]1 to make an attempt to conciliate ! k+1 & accord+ly he wrote tw5ty-five %ort conc]t$ pieces ( music1 & made arrangem5ts = ^! to be p]=m$ by musicians 9 a boat foll[+ ! royal b>ge on ! ,?ames1 "o day :5 ! k+ w5t on an excursion up ! riv] = a picnic4 ,! k+ recogniz$ ! compos] at once by 8 /yle1 & spoke 9 t]ms ( approbation ( ! music1 & ! news 0 quickly convey$ by 8 fri5d to ! anxi\s musician4 ,?is is ! /ory ( ! orig9 ( ! fam\s ,wat] ,music4 ,soon aft]w>d ! k+ all[$ ,h&el to appe> be=e him to play ! h>psi*ord accompanim5ts to "s sonatas execut$ by ,gem9iani1 a celebrat$ ,italian viol9i/1 & f9ally peace 0 made betwe5 !m1 ,h&el be+ appo9t$ music-ma/] to ! royal *ildr51 & receiv+ an additional p5sion ( #bjj4 ,9 #agbf a private ,act ( ,p>liam5t 0 pass$1 mak+ ,george ,fr$]ick ,h&el a naturaliz$ ,engli%man4 ,9 ! ye> #agbj a numb] ( noblem5 =m$ !mselves into a company = ! purpose ( reviv+ ,italian op]a 9 ,london1 at ! ,haym>ket ,!atre1 & subscrib$ a capital ( #ej1jjj4 ,! k+ himself subscrib$ #a1jjj1 & all[$ ! society to take ! "n ( ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music1 & at fir/ ev]y?+ seem$ to promise ! mo/ brilliant success4 ,h&el 0 appo9t$ director ( ! music4 ,bononc9i & ,attilio ,ario/i1 8 old acqua9tances 9 ,b]l91 7 also attract$ by ?is new op]atic v5ture to ,london1 & _! arrival 0 foll[$ by a competition ( a v novel "*4 ,! libretto ( a new op]a1 ,muzio ,scvola1 0 divid$ betwe5 ! ?ree compos]s4 ,attilio 0 to put ! fir/ act to music1 ,bononc9i ! second1 & ,h&el ! ?ird4 ,we ne$ h>dly wond] t ! victory is said to h re/$ ) ! la/ & y\nge/ ( ! trio1 al?\gh at ?is "t ! cabals aga9/ him1 :i* aft]w>d 7 to d him su* griev\s h>m1 _h already comm5c$4 ,h&el /ill clung to ! op]atic speculation2 & :5 he _h to leave ! ,haym>ket ,!atre1 :i* 0 giv5 up to ano!r ,italian company ) ! fam\s ,f>9elli1 f ,l9coln's ,inn ,fields1 undaunt$ly he *ang$ to ! ,l9coln's ,inn ,fields ,!atre1 & !re comm5c$ aga94 ,m op]as 7 produc$1 ) ! "o unv>y+ tale ( fiasco1 & at la/1 9 #agcg1 hav+ lo/ ! :ole ( 8 h>dly e>n$ money1 ,h&el 0 compell$ to close ! !atre1 &1 worse ?an all1 to susp5d paym5t = a "t4 ,happily he n[ turn$ 8 ?\ghts to oratorio4 ,saul & ,israel 9 ,egypt 7 compos$ 9 quick succession2 ! la/ gigantic "w be+ writt5 9 ! almo/ incr$ibly %ort space ( tw5ty-sev5 days4 ,h[ great x is ev]yone n[ kn[s1 b1 at ! "t ! colossal *oruses 7 actually consid]$ a great deal too heavy & monoton\s2 & ,h&el1 always quick 9 res\rce1 at ! second p]=mance introduc$ a numb] ( op]atic songs to make !m g d[n bett]1 & aft] ! ?ird p]=mance ! piece 0 )drawn altoge!r4 ,=tunately1 op9ions h *ang$ s9ce !n4 ,^! works 7 foll[$ by 8 f9e sett+ ( ,dryd5's ,ode on ,/4 ,cecilia's ,day1 & ,milton's ,l',allegro & ,il ,p5s]oso2 b x _c be said t 8 pecuni>y affairs 7 mat]ially improv$ by _! production4 ,! fir/ p]=mance ( 8 greate/ oratorio1 ! ,messiah1 took place at ,neale's ,music ,hall1 9 ,dubl91 on ,april #ah1 #agdb1 at mid-day1 &1 apropos ( ! absurdities ( fa%ion1 x may be notic$ t ! ann\ncem5ts conta9$ ! foll[+ reque/3 ,t ladies :o honor ?is p]=mance ) _! pres5ce1 w be pleas$ to come )\t hoops1 z x w greatly increase ! *>ity by mak+ room = m company4 ,! "w 0 glori\sly successful1 & #djj 7 obta9$ ! fir/ day = ! ,dubl9 *>ities4 ,h&el seems always to h _h a special feel+ ) reg>d to ?is ma/]piece ( 8--z if x 7 too sacr$ to be m]ely us$ = mak+ money by1 l 8 o!r works4 ,he v frequ5tly assi/$ at its p]=mance = ! b5efit ( ! ,f\ndl+ ,hospital1 & he left ! score z a preci\s gift to ! gov]nor ( t in/itution4 ,?is "w alone br\ght no less a sum ?an #aj1bii to ! funds ( ! hospital4 ,9 ?is connection a f9e say+ ( 8 may be repeat$4 ,"l ,k9n\l _h complim5t$ him on ! noble ent]ta9m5t :i* by ! ,messiah he _h lately giv5 ! t[n4 ,my ,"l1 said ,h&el1 ,i %\ld be sorry if ,i only ent]ta9$ !m--,i wi% to make !m bett]4 ,& :5 someone que/ion$ him on 8 feel+s :5 compos+ ! ,hallelujah ,*orus1 he repli$ 9 8 peculi> ,engli%1 ,i did ?9k ,i did see all heav5 be=e me1 & ! great ,god himself4 ,:at a f9e say+ t 0 ( poor old ,george ,,iii41 9 describ+ ! pa/oral symphony 9 ?is oratorio--,i c\ld see ! />s %9+ ?r\gh x6 ,! n[ con/ant cu/om ( ! audi5ce to rise & rema9 /&+ dur+ ! p]=mance ( ?is *orus1 is said to h orig9at$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,on ! fir/ production ( ! "w 9 ,london1 ! audi5ce 7 exce$+ly /ruck & affect$ by ! music 9 g5]al2 b :5 t *orus /ruck up1 ',= ! ,"l ,god ,omnipot5t' 9 ! ',hallelujah1' !y 7 s transport$ t !y all toge!r1 ) ! k+ 7:o happ5$ to be pres5t71 />t$ up & rema9$ /&+ till ! *orus end$4 ,?is anecdote ,i _h f ,"l ,k9n\l4 ,s says ,dr4 ,beattie1 ! once fam\s poet1 9 "o ( 8 lett]s4 ,! ,messiah 0 comm5c$ on ,augu/ #bb1 #agda1 f9i%$ on ,septemb] #ab?1 & ! or*e/ration fill$ up two days aft]w>d--! :ole "w ?us be+ complet$ 9 tw5ty-?ree days4 ,h&el 0 fifty-six ye>s old at ! "t4 ,! next t5 ye>s ( ! life ( ! ,golia? ( ,music1 z he has be5 call$1 are m>k$ by "s ( ! mo/ spl5did a*ievem5ts ( 8 g5ius4 ,samson1 ! ,dett+5 ,te ,deum1 ,joseph1 ,bel%azz>1 ,! ,occasional ,oratorio1 ,judas ,maccabeus1 ,jo%ua1 ,solomon1 &1 ,!odora1 be+ compos$ by him dur+ ?is "t1 :51 already an old man1 x might h be5 ?\ght t he w\ld h tak5 "s repose aft] ! labors ( s toilsome & tr\bl$ a life4 ,b1 oak-l1 he 0 "o ( ^? :o mature late2 l ,milton1 8 greate/ works 7 ^? ( 8 old age4 ,b a t]rible mis=tune 0 approa*+--8 eyesight 0 fail+4 ,! drop s]5e1 ( :i* ,milton speaks s pa!tically1 _h fall5 on 8 eyes1 & at ! "t :51 9 ,febru>y1 #ageb1 he 0 compos+ 8 la/ "w1 ,jeph?a 7! "o conta9+ ,deep] & ,deep] ,/ill1 & ,waft h]1 ,angels71 ! ef=t 9 trac+ ! l9es is1 9 ! orig9al ,,ms41 v pa9fully app>5t4 ,soon aft]w>d he submitt$ to ?ree op]ations1 b !y 7 9 va91 & h5ce=? all 0 to be d>k to him4 ,8 sole rema9+ "w 0 n[ to improvise on ! organ1 & to play at p]=mances ( 8 oratorios4 ,!re is a pa!tic /ory told ( an incid5t t occurr$ on "o occasion1 :5 ,samson 0 giv54 ,:ile ! magnific5t air1 ,total eclipse6 no sun1 no moon6 ,all d>k1 amid/ ! blaze ( noon4 ,o glori\s light6 no *e]+ ray ,to glad my eyes ) welcome day4 ,:y ?us depriv$ ?y prime decree8 ,sun1 moon1 & />s are d>k to me-- 0 be+ sung by ,be>d1 ! t5or1 ! bl9d old man1 seat$ at ! organ1 0 se5 to tremble & gr[ pale1 & !n1 :5 he 0 l$ =w>d to ! audi5ce to receive _! applause1 te>s 7 9 ! eyes ( ne>ly ev]yone pres5t at ! sight4 ,x 0 l ! sc5e t is describ$ 9 ,bee?ov5's life on ! occasion ( t compos]'s appe>ance1 :5 almo/ totally deaf1 to conduct 8 great ,*oral ,symphony at ,vi5na4 ,"o night1 on return+ home f a p]=mance ( ! ,messiah at ,cov5t ,g>d51 ,h&el 0 seiz$ ) sudd5 weakness & retir$ hurri$ly to b$1 f :i* he 0 nev] to rise aga94 ,he pray$ t he might brea! 8 la/ on ,good ,friday1 9 hope ( meet+ 8 ,god1 8 sweet ,"l & ,savi\r on ! day ( 8 resurrection4 ,& /rangely en\gh 8 wi% 0 grant$1 = on ,good ,friday1 ,april #ac1 #agei1 he quietly pass$ away f ?is life1 be+ !n sev5ty-f\r ye>s ( age4 ,8 rema9s 7 laid 9 ,poets' ,corn] 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 & ! place is m>k$ by a /atue by ,r\billiac1 repres5t+ him lean+ ov] a table cov]$ ) musical in/rum5ts1 8 h& hold+ a p51 & be=e him is laid ! ,messiah1 op5 at ! words1 ,i "k t my ,r$eem] live?4 ,,moz>t ,by ,c4 ,e4 ,,b\rne 7#agef-agia7 ,illu/ration3 ,moz>t4 ,leopold ,moz>t 0 a viol9i/ 9 ! b& ( ,ar*bi%op ,sigismund1 ! reign+ ,pr9ce ( ,salzburg1 & x 0 probably 9 complim5t to 8 ma/] t he be/[$ on ! y\nge/ ( 8 sev5 *ildr5 ! "n ( ,joannes ,*ryso/omus ,wolfgangus ,!ophilus ,sigismundus4 ,born on ,janu>y #bg1 #agef1 ?is *ild 0 de/9$ to make ! "n ( ,moz>t fam\s :]ev] music is kn[n2 & surely no m beautiful life--beautiful 9 itself & 9 ! works ( immortal beauty :i* 9 its %ort c\rse 7 produc$--has ev] be5 liv$ by anyone ( ^? to :om ! cr[n ( inspir$ s+]s & an endur+ monum5t 9 ! temple ( art has be5 giv54 ,look ar\nd1 0 ! epitaph on a great ar*itect4 ,li/51 is ! mo/ fitt+ tribute to ! wond]ful g5ius ( a ,moz>t4 ,infant prodigies v (t5 turn out to be nobodies 9 aft]-life4 ,b ,moz>t 0 an exception2 & ?\gh he might well h be5 call$ ! m>vell\s boy1 8 late/ works--& he di$ at ! e>ly age ( ?irty-five--7 und\bt$ly 8 gr&e/ & mo/ p]fect4 ,he began v e>ly to compose4 ,"o ( ^! fir/ attempts 0 a conc]to s difficult t no "o c\ld play x2 b ! *ild undaunt$ly said1 ,:y1 t's ! v reason :y x is call$ a conc]to2 p mu/ practise x be=e !y c play x p]fectly4 ,wolfgang & 8 si/]1 ,nann]l1 z he us$ to call h]1 _h be5 tak5 by _! fa!r1 9 #agfb1 to ,vi5na1 :]e ! *ildr5 play$ ! piano be=e ! ,empress ,m>ia ,!resa & h] husb&4 ,little ,wolfgang 0 "h1 z ev]y:]e1 p]fectly at 8 ease1 ) a simplicity & *ildi% grace t won e he>t4 ,:5 he _h be5 play+ = "s "t1 he jump$ )\t c]emony on ! lap ( ! empress1 & kiss$ h] he>tily = be+ s good to him4 ,little ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 h] daught]1 aft]w>d ! ill-fat$ wife ( ,l\is ,,xvi41 & !n ab\t ! same age z ,wolfgang1 he treat$ 9 almo/ ! same way4 ,he _h slipp$ on ! poli%$ floor1 to :i* he 0 unaccu/om$1 & ! little pr9cess _h hurri$ =w>d to raise him up1 on :i* he promptly said1 ,y are good2 ,i w m>ry y4 ,! empress ask$ :y he wi%$ ?is1 to :i* he answ]$1 ,out ( gratitude2 %e 0 k9d1 :ile h] si/] took no notice ( me 7%e _h n come =w>d to help him74 ,aft] return+ to ,salzburg1 ,leopold ,moz>t1 9 ! spr+ ( #agfc1 took 8 *ildr5 on a m l5g?y t\r to ,muni*1 ,p>is1 ,london1 & ,! ,hague1 & ev]y:]e _! play+1 especially ,wolfgang's p]=mances on ! organ1 :i* he _h n[ le>n$1 7 li/5$ to ) delight & a/oni%m5t4 ,at ,heidelb]g ! prie/ ( ! ,*ur* ( ! ,holy ,gho/ engrav$ on ! organ ! boy's "n & ! date ( 8 visit1 9 remembrance ( ?is wond] ( ,god1 z he call$ ! *ild4 ,at ,london1 old ,moz>t says1 !y 7 receiv$1 on ,april #bg?1 by ,k+ ,george ,,iii4 & ,que5 ,c>ol9e1 at ! palace1 & rema9$ f six to n9e o'clock4 ,! k+ plac$ be=e ! boy compositions ( ,ba* & ,h&el1 all ( :i* he play$ at sight p]fectly2 he _h also ! honor ( accompany+ ! que5 9 a song4 ,on leav+ ! palace1 ! c>eful fa!r says1 we receiv$ a pres5t ( #bd gu9eas4 ,a great delight 0 n[ be=e him1 = 8 fa!r _h resolv$ on a j\rney to ,italy1 !n f> m ?an n[ ! l& ( music4 ,h[ mu* ?is visit did = ! "y mae/ro x is impossible to say2 he has n1 l ,m5delssohn1 left u an ,italian ,symphony1 record+ ! impressions :i* t sunny spot ( classic beauty _h made ^u him1 b !re c be little d\bt ( ! great influ5ce x _h on ! :ole ( 8 aft]-life4 ,!re are "s significant words :i* he wrote eight ye>s lat] to 8 fa!r f ,p>is3 ,y mu/ fai?fully promise to let me see ,italy aga9 9 ord] to refre% my life4 ,i d entreat ( y to conf] ?is happ9ess ^u me4 ,9 ,mantua1 ,milan1 ,bologna 7:]e he _h ! good =tune to meet ! le>n$ ,padre ,m>t9i1 "o ( ! s\nde/ musicians ( 8 age1 & = :om he ev] aft]w>d ma9ta9$ a w>m atta*m5t71 ,flor5ce1 ,rome1 & ,naples1 ! "y g5ius 0 receiv$ ev]y:]e ) en?usiasm by ! cr[ds :o came to he> him4 ,9 ,naples ! sup]/iti\s p believ$ t !re 0 magic 9 8 play+1 & po9t$ to a r+ on 8 left h& z ! cause ( 8 wond]ful dext]ity2 & x 0 only :5 he _h tak5 ?is (f1 & gone on play+ j ! same1 t !y _h to ackn[l$ge x 0 simply ! p]fection ( art4 ,!re is some?+ sad 9 contra/+ ^! brilliant e>ly days ) ! anxi\s times t came lat] on1 :5 ! great ,moz>t 0 compell$ to wait 9 ! ante-*amb]s ( ! great1 d9e ) _! lacqueys1 give lessons to /upid "y c\ntesses1 & write begg+ lett]s to 8 fri5ds2 yet1 9 reality1 ^? lat] days1 :5 ,don ,giovanni1 ,die ,zaub]flte1 & ! ,requiem1 7 compos$1 7 ! truly brilliant ones4 ,& x may be t ! v greatness came1 9 "s measure1 f ! sorr[ & pa92 t ,moz>t1 l s _m o!rs ( ! _w's great s+]s1 le>nt 9 suff]+ :at he taught 9 song4 ,on 8 return to ,muni*1 aft] compos+ a comic op]a 9 ! ,italian /yle1 ,la ,f9ta ,gi>d9i]a1 :i* _h a great success1 "y ,moz>t1 :o _h be5 v %abbily treat$ by ,ar*bi%op ,hi]onymus--( ^: spiteful conduct we %all he> m h]eaft]--! successor ( ,sigismund1 det]m9$ to resign 8 situation 9 ! c\rt b&1 & to set out on 8 travels aga91 giv+ conc]ts f place to place1 & ev]y:]e look+ out = "s suitable appo9tm5t t might af=d him a p]man5t income4 ,?is "t 8 fa!r 0 refus$ p]mission to travel1 &1 z on 8 ex]tions dep5d$ ! support ( ! :ole family1 he rema9$ beh9d1 :ile ,frau ,moz>t1 ! "m1 accompani$ "y ,wolfgang4 ,9 #aggg1 n[ a "y man ( tw5ty-"o1 he set out ^u 8 second great arti/ic t\r1 buoyant ) hope1 & ) all ! beautiful audacity ( "y g5ius det]m9$ to conqu] ! _w4 ,?is "t x 0 n ! infant prodigy :om m5 li/5$ to1 b ! matur$ musician & ! compos] ( melodies sweet] ?an m5 _h ev] li/5$ to be=e4 ,b ! tale is *ang$ n[4 ,true1 !re are triumphs to be spok5 (1 flatt]y f ! great1 & pres5ts s5t 9 recomp5se = 8 m>vell\s play+ 7he tells "o day ( 8 *agr9 9 receiv+ f a c]ta9 pr9ce a gold wat*1 in/ead ( money t he sorely want$--&1 besides1 he _h five wat*es already672 b rebuffs1 intrigues1 & all sorts ( petty ma*9ations aga9/ him1 make ! tale a sadd] "o2 & s x cont9u$ to be to ! end4 ,f ,muni*--:]e x _h be5 hop$ t ! elector w\ld h giv5 him an appo9tm5t at c\rt1 b he 0 only told to g to ,italy & become fam\s1 x 0 too e>ly yet to ?9k ab\t becom+ a ,capellmei/]--he w5t to ,augsburg1 sp5d+ "s pleasant days !re 9 ! society ( a c\s91 ,m>ianne1 nicknam$ by him ,bsle1 a m]ry1 op5-he>t$ girl ( n9ete54 ,!nce1 he w5t on to ,mannheim1 a t[n t is memorable z ! place :]e he fir/ met ! ,web]s1 & made ! acqua9tance ( ,h]r ,cannabi*1 ! director ( ! music at ! elector's c\rt1 & "o :o prov$ a /an* fri5d ?r\gh ev]y?+ to ! "y compos]4 ,cannabi* _h a daught] nam$ ,rosa1 a girl ( ?irte51 exce$+ly pretty & clev]1 & ,wolfgang appe>s to h admir$ h] v mu*1 & p]haps = a "t to h flirt$ & be5 9 love ) h]4 ,he wrote h] a sonata1 & 0 delight$ ) ! way 9 :i* %e play$ x2 ! &ante1 he said1 he _h compos$ to repres5t h]1 & :5 x 0 f9i%$ he v[$ %e 0 j :at ! &ante 04 ,b ?is little love affair1 if x exi/$1 soon 0 =gott5 9 a m s]i\s "o ) ,aloysia ,web]4 ,h] fa!r 0 a !atre copyi/ 9 poor circum/ances4 ,!re 7 a numb] ( *ildr51 & %e 0 a beautiful girl ( fifte51 ) a magnific5t voice4 ,%e 0 c\s91 by ! way1 to ,web]1 aft]w>d compos] ( ! ,freis*tz4 ,moz>t 0 s *>m$ ) h] voice t he und]took to give h] lessons1 & we soon he> ( him compos+ airs = h] & m$itat+ a conc]t t\r 9 ,italy 9 company ) h]1 & h] fa!r & si/]4 ,9 writ+ ( x to 8 own fa!r he sets out ! advantages to be ga9$ by co-p>tn]%ip1 & v prosaically says3 ,%\ld we /ay long any:]e1 ! elde/ daught] ,josepha1 aft]w>d ,frau ,h(]1 = :om ,moz>t wrote ! "p ( ,a/rafiamm5te 9 ! ,zaub]flte w\ld be ( ! greate/ use to u2 = we c\ld h our own mnage1 z %e und]/&s cook+4 ,b papa ,moz>t decid$ly object$4 ,y\r proposal to travel ab\t ) ,h]r ,web]--,n4 ,b41 two daught]s--has driv5 me ne>ly wild1 & he /raightway ord]s 8 son (f to ,p>is1 :i!r1 ) a p>t+ pres5t ( a pair ( mitt5s knitt$ = him by ,mlle4 ,web]1 he reluctantly sets out 9 company ) 8 "m4 ,8 /ay 9 ,p>is dur+ ! next ye> 0 n v ev5tful1 & a symphony produc$ at ! ,conc]ts ,spirituels seems to h be5 8 mo/ successful "w at ?is "t4 ,x 0 clev] & lively1 full ( /rik+ effects1 & 0 mo/ w>mly applaud$4 ,he says3 ,! mom5t ! symphony 0 ov] ,i w5t (f 9 my joy to ! ,palais ,royal1 :]e ,i took a good ice1 told my beads1 z ,i _h v[$1 & w5t home1 :]e ,i am happie/ & always %all be happie/4 ,a great sorr[ came to him "h 9 ! dea? ( 8 "m4 ,ow+ to ! great exp5se ( liv+ 9 ,p>is1 !y _h be5 compell$ to live toge!r 9 a small1 d>k room1 s cramp$ = space t !re 0 n ev5 room = ! indisp5sable piano4 ,"h %e 0 tak5 ill1 & ?\gh = f\rte5 days ,wolfgang mo/ devot$ly att5d$ to h] wants1 %e di$ 9 8 arms4 ,! lett]s 9 :i* he breaks ! news to 8 fa!r & si/] are full ( ! mo/ beautiful t5d]ness & =getfulness ( 8 own grief 9 solicitude = !irs4 ,?+s did n inde$ prosp] ) him 9 ,p>is2 he tri$ to give lessons1 b ! ladies :om he taught paid him v %abbily1 & ! labor ( gett+ f "o "p ( ! city to ano!r to tea* 0 s great t he f\nd x difficult to give ! "t he wi%$ to composition4 ,music 9 ,p>is1 j !n1 0 at a l[ ebb4 ,vapidly pretty ,italian op]as 7 9 fa%ion1 & ,picc9ni 0 ! favorite compos]4 ,x 0 "s ye>s aft]w>d t ! great conte/ betwe5 ! ,picc9ni/s & ,glucki/s culm9at$ 9 ! victory ( ! latt]1 ?\gh ,alce/e1 _h already be5 produc$1 & ,iphig5ia 0 soon to foll[4 ,moz>t 0 a f]v5t admir] ( ,gluck1 & ! music ( ! old] ma/] _h evid5tly an important influ5ce on t ( ! y\ng] & m gift$ compos]4 ,once m 8 ?\ghts 7 turn$ to ,salzburg1 = two ( ! lead+ musicians !re hav+ di$1 ! ,ar*bi%op ,hi]onymus (f]$ _! po/s to ! ,moz>ts1 fa!r & son1 at a sal>y ( a ?\s& flor9s = ! two4 ,! fa!r anxi\sly entreat$ 8 son to return & accept ?is (f]1 m5tion+ z a fur!r bait1 t ,aloysia ,web] w\ld probably be engag$ to s+ 9 ,salzburg4 ,mu* z ,wolfgang hat$ ,salzburg1 or r ! p liv+ !re1 8 love = 8 fa!r & si/] prevail$ ov] 8 av]sion2 & ?\gh ) no pleasure at all 9 ! prospect ( see+ ! hateful ar*bi%op aga91 he set out f ,p>is1 travell+ to ,salzburg 9 v leisurely fa%ion via ,/rasb\rg1 ,mannheim1 & ,muni*4 ,at ,/rasb\rg he 0 induc$ to give sev]al conc]ts1 b !y 7 n pecuni>y successes1 & he did n make by any "o m ?an ?ree l\is d'or4 ,b h[ ! arti/ peeps out 9 e l9e ( ! lett]s 9 :i* he describes ^!6 ,aft] say+ h[ few 7 pres5t1 & h[ cold x 01 he proce$s3 ,b ,i soon w>m$ myself1 to %[ ! ,/rasb\rg g5tlem5 h[ little ,i c>$1 & play$ to !m a long "t = my own amusem5t1 giv+ a conc]to m ?an ,i _h promis$1 & at ! close extemporiz+4 ,x is n[ ov]1 b at all ev5ts ,i ga9$ honor & fame4 ,at ,muni* a great %ock await$ him4 ,he visit$ ! ,web]s1 & be+ 9 m\rn+ = 8 "m1 wore1 aft] ! ,fr5* fa%ion1 a r$ coat ) black buttons4 ,:5 he appe>$1 ,aloysia h>dly seem$ to recognize him1 & h] coldness 0 s m>k$1 t ,moz>t quietly seat$ himself at ! piano1 & sang 9 a l\d voice1 ,i* lass das ,md*5 g]n das mi* ni*t w 7,i gladly give up ! girl :o slights me74 ,x 0 all ov]1 & he _h to be> ! loss ( ! fickle girl z be/ he might4 ,!re is a significant l9e 9 "o ( 8 lett]s at ?is "t to 8 fa!r3 ,9 my :ole life ,i nev] wrote worse ?an ,i d to-day1 b ,i really am unfit = any?+2 my he>t is s full ( te>s4 ,aft] two ye>s' abs5ce he return$ home to ,salzburg1 :]e he 0 w>mly welcom$ back4 ,"h he rema9$ = a little :ile1 & wrote 8 fir/ s]i\s op]a1 ,idom5eo1 to ! text ( an ,abbe ,v>esco1 a ,salzburg]4 ,?is op]a ,bee?ov5 ?\ght ! f9e/ ( all t ,moz>t wrote4 ,x 0 br\ght out at ,muni* 9 ,janu>y1 #agha1 & 0 brilliantly successful4 ,9 ! ,m>* foll[+1 an ord] 0 receiv$ f ! ar*bi%op to foll[ him to ,vi5na1 :]e he wi%$ to appe> ) all ! full pomp & brilliant ret9ue ( a pr9ce ( ! *ur*2 & z "o ( ?is ret9ue ,moz>t _h to foll[ him1 little ?9k+ at ! "t t he %\ld nev] return to ,salzburg1 b t ,vi5na h5ce=? 0 to be 8 home4 ,9 ,vi5na he f\nd t he _h to live 9 ! ar*bi%op's h\se1 & 0 look$ ^u !re z "o ( ! ord9>y s]vants4 ,he says1 ,we d9e at elev5 o'clock 9 ! =5oon1 unluckily r too e>ly an h\r = me4 ,our p>ty consi/s ( ! two valets1 ! comptroll]1 ,h]r ,zetti1 ! confection]1 ! two cooks1 ,cec>illi1 ,brunetti 7two s+]s71 & my insignificant self4 ,n4 ,b4--,! two valets sit at ! head ( ! table4 ,i h1 at all ev5ts1 ! honor to be plac$ above ! cooks2 ,i almo/ believe ,i am back to ,salzburg4 ,moz>t 0 a true g5tleman1 ) no fooli% false pride1 b ) ! honorable self-respect t e g5tleman mu/ possess1 & x 0 v gall+ to him to h to suff] su* odi\s treatm5t f ! mean-spirit$ ar*bi%op4 ,inde$1 x 0 only = 8 fa!r's sake t he submitt$ to ! cont9u$ contumely & petty slights to :i* ! ar*bi%op delight$ 9 subject+ him4 ,at la/ ! op5 rupture came4 ,! ar*bi%op call$ him a knave & dissolute fell[1 & told him to be (f2 & :5 ,moz>t wait$ ^u ,c\nt ,arco1 ! pr9cipal (ficial1 to obta9 ! regul> dismissal t 0 necess>y1 ! fell[ p\r$ abuse ^u him1 & actually kick$ him out ( ! room4 ,poor ,moz>t 0 9 a /ate ( viol5t excitem5t aft] ?is outrage1 & = "s days 0 s ill t he c\ld n cont9ue 8 ord9>y "w4 ,b n[ at lea/ he 0 free1 & ?\gh 8 fa!r1 l a timid1 prud5t old man1 bewail$ ! loss ( ! /ip5d :i* 8 son _h be5 receiv+1 ,moz>t himself knew t ! release 0 entirely = ! be/4 ,9 #aghb appe>$ ,die ,entfhrung aus dem ,s]ail1 8 fir/ really important op]a1 full ( beautiful airs1 :i* at once became enorm\sly popul> ) ! ,vi5nese4 ,! ,emp]or ,joseph ,,ii4 knew v little ab\t music1 b1 z frequ5tly happ5s 9 su* cases1 consid]$ t he possess$ prodigi\s ta/e4 ,on he>+ x he said1 ,mu* too f9e = our e>s1 de> ,moz>t2 & :at a quantity ( notes6 ,! bold reply to ?is 01 ,j z _m notes z are necess>y1 y\r ,maje/y4 ,mu* ( ! delight :i* ,moz>t felt 9 ! success ( ! op]a arose f ! fact t x enabl$ him s]i\sly to contemplate m>riage4 ,aloysia ,web] _h be5 fai?less to him1 b !re 0 ano!r si/]--) no special beauty save t ( bright eyes1 a comely figure1 & a *e]ful1 amiable disposition--,con/anze1 :om he n[ hop$ to make 8 wife4 ,8 fa!r object$ to all ( ! ,web] family1 & !re 0 "s difficulty 9 obta9+ ! pat]nal cons5t2 b at la/ ! m>riage took place1 on ,augu/ #d1 #aghb4 ,h[ truly he lov$ 8 wife f fir/ to la/1 8 lett]s abundantly %[2 h] frequ5t illnesses 7 aft]w>d a great & almo/ con/ant s\rce ( exp5se to him1 b he nev] ceas$ to write to h] ) ! passionate ardor ( a "y lov]4 ,he says3 ,i f\nd t ,i nev] pray$ s f]v5tly1 or confess$ s pi\sly1 z by h] side2 %e felt ! same4 ,& n[ = "s "t ev]y?+ w5t smoo?ly 9 ! mode/ little mnage 9 ,vi5na4 ,moz>t _h pl5ty ( lessons to give1 b none ( ! commissions = op]as :i* he w\ld h wi%$4 ,pass+ ov] a visit to ,leipsic--:]e he /udi$ ) ! ke5e/ delight a numb] ( ! unpubli%$ works ( ! great ,seba/ian ,ba*--& to ,b]l91 he return$ to ,vi5na1 & at once set to "w ^u "s qu>tets :i* ! ,k+ ( ,prussia _h ord]$ f him4 ,cosi fan tutte1 a comic op]a1 ) ! beautifully fl[+ music t only ,moz>t c\ld write1 b ) a /upid plot t has prev5t$ its frequ5t repetition 9 lat] times2 & ! glori\s ,zaub]flte1 writt5 to assi/ a !atrical manag]1 ,s*ikan$]1 7 8 next works4 ,at ?is "t a /range melan*oly began to %[ itself 9 8 lett]s--x may be t already 8 ov]wr\ght bra9 0 consci\s t ! end 0 n f> di/ant4 ,su* l9es z ^!1 pa!tic & sad 9 _! simple & almo/ *ildlike expression1 occur 9 a lett] he wrote dur+ a %ort abs5ce f 8 wife1 at ,frank=t1 9 #agij3 ,i am z happy z a *ild at ! ?\ght ( return+ to y4 ,if p c\ld see into my he>t ,i %\ld almo/ feel a%am$--all !re is cold1 cold z ice4 ,7 y ) me1 ,i %\ld possibly take m pleasure 9 ! k9dness ( ^? ,i meet "h1 b all seems to me s empty4 ,on 8 return to ,vi5na pecuni>y want 0 r press+ly felt2 8 silv] plate _h to be pawn$1 & a p]fidi\s fri5d1 ,/adl]1 made away ) ! tickets1 & ! silv] 0 nev] r$eem$4 ,on "o occasion ,joseph ,de9]1 ! l&lord ( ! ,silb]ne ,s*lange1 *anc$ to call ^u him1 & 0 surpris$ to f9d ,moz>t & 8 wife ,con/anze danc+ r\nd ! room4 ,! laugh+ explanation 0 t !y _h no firewood 9 ! h\se1 & s 7 try+ to w>m !mselves ) danc+4 ,de9] at once (f]$ to s5d 9 firewood1 ,moz>t promis+ to pay z soon z he c\ld4 ,t gr& "w1 ! ,zaub]flte1 _h j be5 complet$ :5 a /range commission 0 giv5 him4 ,"o day a tall1 hagg>d-look+ man1 dress$ 9 gray1 ) a v sombre expression ( c\nt5ance1 call$ ^u ,moz>t1 br++ ) him an anonym\s lett]4 ,?is lett] conta9$ an inquiry z to ! sum = :i* he w\ld write a mass = ! dead1 & 9 h[ %ort a "t ?is c\ld be complet$4 ,moz>t consult$ 8 wife1 & ! sum ( fifty ducats 0 m5tion$4 ,! /rang] dep>t$1 & soon return$ ) ! money1 promis+ ,moz>t a fur!r sum on completion1 & also m5tion$ t he might z well sp>e ! tr\ble ( f9d+ out :o _h giv5 ?is commission1 = x w\ld be entirely useless4 ,we n[ "k t ! commission _h really be5 giv5 by ,c\nt ,walsegg1 a fooli% nobleman1 ^: wife _h di$1 & :o want$1 by transcrib+ ,moz>t's score1 to pass x (f z 8 own composition--& ?is he actually did aft] ! compos]'s dea?4 ,poor ,moz>t1 9 ! weak /ate ( heal? 9 :i* he n[ 01 ) n]ves un/rung & ov]-excit$ bra91 0 /rangely impress$ by ?is visit1 & soon ! fancy took firm possession ( him t ! mess5g] _h arriv$ ) a m&ate f ! unse5 _w1 & t ! ,requiem he 0 to write 0 = himself4 ,n ! less did he ard5tly set to "w on x4 ,h>dly1 h[ev]1 0 x comm5c$ ?an he 0 compell$ to write ano!r op]a1 ,la ,clem5za di ,tito1 = :i* a commission _h be5 giv5 him by ! ,bohemian ,e/ates1 = production on ! occasion ( ! ,emp]or ,leopold's coronation 9 _! capital4 ,?is 0 accompli%$ 9 ! %ort space ( eighte5 days1 & ?\gh x does n conta9 ! be/ music1 yet ! ov]ture & sev]al ( ! numb]s are full ( a piquant beauty & livel9ess well suit+ ! fe/ival ( a p's rejoic+4 ,b a f> great] "w1 ! ,zaub]flte1 0 produc$ 9 ,vi5na %ortly aft]w>d4 ,x did n take v well at fir/1 b subsequ5t p]=mances w5t bett]4 ,illu/ration3 ,moz>t ,s++ 8 ,requiem4 ,8 labors 9 br++ out ! ,zaub]flte ov]1 ,moz>t return$ to ! ,requiem he _h already comm5c$1 b :ile writ+ he (t5 _h to s9k back 9 8 *air1 be+ seiz$ ) %ort swoons4 ,too pla9ly 0 8 /r5g? exhau/$1 b he p]si/$ 9 8 solemn "w4 ,"o bright ,novemb] morn+ he 0 walk+ ) ,con/anze 9 ! ,prat]1 & sadly po9t+ out to h] ! fall+ leaves1 & speak+ ( dea?1 ) te>s 9 8 eyes1 he add$2 ,i well "k ,i am writ+ ?is ',requiem' = myself4 ,my own feel+s tell me t ,i %all n la/ long4 ,no d\bt "s "o has giv5 me poison--,i _c get rid ( ?is ?\ght4 ,) ^! gloomy fancies haunt+ 8 m9d1 he rapidly grew worse1 & soon c\ld n leave 8 room4 ,! p]=mances ( ! ,zaub]flte 7 /ill go+ on1 & extraord9>ily successful4 ,he took ! greate/ int]e/ 9 he>+ ( !m1 & at night w\ld take out 8 wat* & note ! "t--,n[ ! fir/ act is ov]1 n[ is ! "t = ! great ,que5 ( ,night4 ,! day be=e 8 dea? he said to 8 wife1 ,oh1 t ,i c\ld only once m he> my ',flauto ,magico6' humm+1 9 sc>cely audible voice1 ! lively bird-cat*] song4 ,! same day1 at two o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 he call$ 8 fri5ds toge!r1 & ask$ = ! score ( 8 ne>ly complet$ ,requiem to be laid on 8 b$4 ,b5$ict ,s*ack sang ! soprano2 8 bro!r-9-law1 ,h(]1 ! t5or2 ,g]l1 ! bass2 & ,moz>t himself took ! alto 9 a weak b delicately cle> voice4 ,!y _h got ?r\gh ! v>i\s p>ts till !y came to ! ,lacrymosa1 :5 ,moz>t bur/ into te>s1 & laid ! score aside4 ,! next day 7,sunday71 he 0 worse1 & said to ,sophie1 8 si/]-9-law1 ,i h ! ta/e ( dea? on my tongue1 ,i smell ! grave1 & :o c com=t my ,con/anze1 if y don't /ay "h8 ,9 h] acc\nt ( 8 la/ mom5ts1 %e says3 ,i f\nd ,sssmay] sitt+ by ,moz>t's b$4 ,! well-kn[n ',requiem' 0 ly+ on ! cov]let1 & ,moz>t 0 expla9+ to ,sssmay] ! mode 9 :i* he wi%$ him to complete x aft] 8 dea?4 ,he fur!r reque/$ 8 wife to keep 8 dea? secret until %e _h in=m$ ,albre*tsb]g] ( x1 '= ! situation ( assi/ant organi/ at ! ,/eph5 ,*ur* ought to be 8 be=e ,god & ! _w4' ,! doctor came & ord]$ cold applications on ,moz>t's burn+ head4444 ,! la/ movem5t ( 8 lips 0 an endeavor to indicate :]e ! kettl$rums %\ld be us$ 9 ! ',requiem4' ,i ?9k ,i /ill he> ! s\nd4 ,,haydn ,by ,c4 ,e4 ,,b\rne 7#agcb-ahji7 ,illu/ration3 ,haydn4 ,no compos] has ev] giv5 great] or pur] pleasure by 8 compositions ?an is giv5 by papa ,haydn2 !re is an unceas+ fl[ ( *e]fulness & lively tone 9 8 music1 ev5 9 ! mo/ solemn pieces1 z 9 8 ,masses1 ! pr$om9ant feel+ is t ( gladness2 z he once said to ,c>pani3 ,at ! ?\ght ( ,god my he>t leaps = joy1 & ,i _c help my music do+ ! same4 ,b x is n alone z ! writ] ( graceful & beautiful music t ,haydn has a claim on our remembrance2 he has be5 truly call$ ! fa!r ( ! symphony4 ,moz>t once said3 ,x 0 f ,haydn t ,i fir/ le>n$ ! true way to compose qu>tettes2 & ,! ,creation1 :i* mu/ ev] be c\nt$ "o ( ! ma/]pieces ( oratorio music1 0 8 "w4 ,8 family 7 ( ! p1 8 fa!r be+ a ma/] :eelwright at ,rohrau1 a small ,au/rian village on ! bord]s ( ,l[] ,au/ria & ,hung>y & 8 "m hav+ be5 employ$ z a cook 9 ! ca/le ( ,c\nt ,h>ra*1 ! pr9cipal "l ( ! di/rict4 ,joseph ,haydn 0 born on ,m>* #ca1 #agcb ! second *ild ( 8 p>5ts2 & z t5 bro!rs & si/]s aft]w>d came into ! _w1 x c easily be und]/ood t 8 lot 0 n a v luxuri\s "o4 ,8 p>5ts 7 simple1 hone/ p ( ! labor+ class1 v ignorant1 b1 l mo/ ,g]man peasants1 ) a c]ta9 love = & facility 9 music1 n q s common 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,haydn's fa!r _h a good voice1 & c\ld s+ well1 accompany+ himself on ! h>p1 ?\gh he did n "k a s+le note ( writt5 music4 ,!n !re 0 ! village s*oolma/]1 :o c\ld actually play ! viol91 & :om little ,joseph wat*$ ) wond]+ eyes1 extract+ ^? m>vell\sly sweet s\nds f 8 wood5 in/rum5t1 until1 ) ! *ild's _s ( imitation1 z 8 p>5ts sang _! ,volksli$]1 ! little fell[1 p]*$ on a /one b5*1 gravely h&l$ two pieces ( wood ( 8 own z if !y 7 b[ & fiddle1 keep+ exact "t1 & fl\ri%+ ! b[ 9 ! approv$ fa%ion ( ! s*oolma/]4 ,f ?is v little incid5t came an important *ange 9 8 life2 = a relation1 ,johann ,ma?ias ,frankh1 ( ,ha9burg1 happ5$ to be pres5t on "o occasion1 &1 ?9k+ he saw an aptitude = music 9 ! boy1 (f]$ to take him into 8 own s*ool at ,ha9burg1 :]e accord+ly "y ,haydn w5t at ! age ( six ye>s4 ,!re he rema9$ = two ye>s1 mak+ rapid progress 9 s++ & 9 play+ all sorts ( in/rum5ts1 among o!rs ! clavi]1 viol91 organ1 & drum4 ,he said aft]w>d1 ) ! unaffect$ piety1 f> remov$ f cant1 t 0 *>act]i/ic ( him3 ,almighty ,god1 to :om ,i r5d] ?anks = all 8 unnumb]$ m]cies1 gave me su* facility 9 music t1 by ! "t ,i 0 six ye>s old1 ,i /ood up l a man & sang masses 9 ! *ur* *oir1 & c\ld play a little on ! clavi] & viol94 ,( ,frankh1 a v /rict1 b ?or\gh & mo/ pa9/ak+ tea*]1 he also said aft]w>d3 ,i %all be grateful to t man z long z ,i live = keep+ me s h>d at "w1 ?\gh ,i us$ to get m flogg+ ?an food2 & 9 ,haydn's w he rememb]$ ,frankh's family1 leav+ 8 daught] a sum ( money & a portrait ( ,frankh himself1 my fir/ in/ructor 9 music4 ,= "s ye>s he seems to h liv$ a mis]able1 /ruggl+ life1 giv+ lessons1 play+ ! organ 9 *ur*es1 & /udy+ :5 & :]e he c\ld4 ,he _h a few pupils at ! mod]ate remun]ation ( two flor9s a mon?1 & he _h contriv$ to obta9 possession ( an old worm-eat5 clavi]1 on :i* he us$ dilig5tly to practise 9 ! g>ret 9 ! ,kohlm>kt1 :]e he liv$4 ,a pitiable description is giv5 ( ! lodg+ he !n occupi$4 ,x 0 on ! six? /ory1 9 a room )\t /ove or w9d[4 ,9 w9t] 8 brea? froze on 8 ?9 cov]let1 & ! wat]1 t 9 ! morn+ he _h to fet* himself f ! spr+ = wa%+1 0 frequ5tly *ang$ into a lump ( ice be=e 8 arrival 9 t elevat$ region4 ,life 0 inde$ h>d2 b he 0 con/antly at "w1 &1 hav+ made a preci\s f9d on an old book/all "o day ( ,fux's ,gradus ad ,p>nassum1 9 a v dilapidat$ condition1 b v *eap1 he 0 ard5tly prep>+ himself = ! life--he n[ v[$ %\ld be 8--( a compos]4 ,ab\t ?is "t ,haydn receiv$ a commission f ,felix ,kurz1 a comic actor ( ! ,/adt-,!atre1 to put a f>ce ( 81 ,d] neue krumme ,teufel1 to music4 ,?is f>ce1 ( :i* ! words /ill rema91 ?\gh ! music has be5 lo/1 0 v successful1 & 0 play$ 9 ,vi5na1 ,prague1 ,b]l91 & a numb] ( o!r t[ns4 ,! well-kn[n /ory ( ,haydn's ,tempe/ ,music is connect$ ) ?is4 ,9 "o "p ( ?is piece a t]rible /orm 0 suppos$ to be rag+1 & ! accompany+ music mu/ ( c\rse be suitably descriptive2 b ! difficulty 0 t ,haydn _h nev] se5 ! sea3 !re=e _h n ! slighte/ notion ( :at a /orm at sea 0 l4 ,kurz tries to describe ! waves runn+ m\nta9s high1 ! pit*+ & toss+1 ! roll ( ?und]1 & ! h[l+ ( ! w9d2 & ,haydn produces all sorts ( ugly1 j]ky1 & noisy music1 b none ( x is 9 ! remote/ degree l a /orm at sea1 or any:]e else4 ,at la/1 aft] ,kurz _h become ho>se ) 8 nautical disquisitions1 & ,haydn's f+]s 7 tir$ ( scrambl+ all ov] ! piano1 ! little musician 9 a rage cra%$ 8 h&s d[n on ! two extremes ( ! in/rum5t1 exclaim+3 ,let's h done ) ?is tempe/6 ,:y1 t's x2 t's ! v ?+6 %\t$ ! cl[n1 jump+ up & embrac+ him2 & ) ?is cra% & a run ( semitones to ! c5tre ( ! piano ?is tr\blesome tempe/ 0 mo/ satisfactorily repres5t$4 ,:51 _m ye>s aft]w>d1 ,haydn 0 cross+ ! ,/raits ( ,dov] to ,engl&1 amid 8 suff]+s he c\ld n help laugh+ at ! ludicr\s recollections ( ?is e>ly exp]i5ce ( 84 ,?+s /ill w5t on improv+1 & ,haydn1 :o 0 always lucky 9 ! patrons he secur$ 7at lea/ accord+ to ! notion ab\t patrons t !n prevail$71 0 invit$ to ! c\ntry-h\se ( ,h]r von ,frnb]g1 a weal?y amateur1 to /ay !re & compose qu>tettes = him--a /yle ( music = :i* von ,frnb]g _h an especial lik+4 ,to 8 prompt+ x is t we owe ! lovely s]ies ( qu>tettes :i* ,haydn wrote--/ill z fre% & full ( s]5e beauty z :5 fir/ tri$ ov] by ! virtuosi ( ,we9zirl4 ,! next piece ( good =tune 0 ,haydn's appo9tm5t z director ( ! b& & compos] to ,c\nt ,f]d9& ,morz9 at ,lukav] ne> ,pils52 & "h1 9 #agei1 8 fir/ symphony 0 writt54 ,8 sal>y 0 v small1 only #bjj flor9s a ye> 7or #bj71 ) bo>d & lodg+s2 b on ! /r5g? ( x he un=tunately det]m9$ on ! s]i\s /ep ( emb>k+ 9 matrimony4 ,a b>b]1 nam$ ,kell]1 is said to h be5 v k9d to him 9 ! days ( 8 pov]ty1 & out ( gratitude ,haydn gave music-lessons to 8 daught]s4 ,"o ( !m1 ! y\nge/1 0 v pretty1 & ,haydn fell 9 love ) h]4 ,b %e became a nun2 & ! fa!r !n prevail$ ^u ,haydn to m>ry ! eld] "o1 :o 0 ?ree ye>s old] ?an he--a s\r-temp]$1 bigot$1 & abom9ably selfi% woman1 :o contribut$ little to ! happ9ess ( 8 life1 & 0 always br++ prie/s & fri>s to ! h\se & worry+ h] good-temp]$ husb& to compose masses & o!r *ur* music = ^! m54 ,c\nt ,morz9 0 compell$ to give up 8 b& 9 #agfa2 b ,haydn did n rema9 long )\t employm5t1 z ,pr9ce ,e/]hazy1 :o _h he>d 8 symphonies at ,morz9's h\se1 engag$ him to assi/ ,w]n]1 8 ,capellmei/]4 ,z director ( ,pr9ce ,e/]hazy's b&1 ,haydn 0 fat$ to rema9 = _m ye>s liv+ at ,e/]hz1 ! pr9ce's c\ntry-seat1 compos+ !re ne>ly all 8 op]as & songs1 & _m ( 8 symphonies4 ,9 #aghe ,haydn receiv$ a commission :i* %[$ ! wide reputation he _h !n ga9$4 ,! ,*apt] ( ,cadiz ,ca!dral reque/$ him to write "s in/rum5tal music = p]=mance on ,good ,friday4 ,! ,sev5 ,words ( our ,savi\r on ! ,cross 0 9 consequ5ce writt5 by him4 ,sev]al invitations _h be5 s5t f ,engl& = ,haydn to pay a visit !re2 b x 0 only aft] ,pr9ce ,e/]hazy 0 dead t he 0 prevail$ on by ,salomon to cross ! sea4 ,a *>act]i/ic conv]sation betwe5 him & ,moz>t--:i* took place be=e he und]took ?is1 9 ^? days1 really =midable j\rney--is record$4 ,papa1 said ,moz>t1 y h no tra9+ = ! great _w1 & y speak too few languages4 ,haydn repli$3 ,my language is und]/ood by all ! _w4 ,he set out on ,decemb] #ae1 #agij1 & did n return to ,vi5na till ,july1 #agib4 ,9 ,london1 :]e he wrote & conduct$ a numb] ( symphonies = ,salomon1 he 0 ! lion ( ! season1 be+ 9 con/ant reque/ = conduct+ conc]ts & pay+ visits to ! nobility4 ,( ^! symphonies ,salomon once said to him3 ,i am /rongly ( op9ion t y nev] w surpass ?is music4 ,i nev] mean to try1 0 ! answ]4 ,b ?is mu/ n be tak5 to mean t ,haydn _h giv5 up /riv+ aft] ! true/ p]fection 9 8 art1 & x probably meant no m ?an t = ! "t he 0 satisfi$ ) 8 "w4 ,f> m l ! g5u9e expression ( ! feel+ ( ! great arti/ 0 8 utt]ance1 j be=e he di$1 to ,kalkbr5n]3 ,i h only j le>n$ 9 my old age h[ to use ! w9d-in/rum5ts2 & n[ t ,i d und]/& !m1 ,i mu/ leave ! _w4 ,illu/ration3 ,haydn ,compos+ 8 ,creation4 ,great z ! "w accompli%$ 9 8 y\? & e>ly manhood unque/ionably 01 x rema9$ = 8 old age to accompli% 8 greate/ "w1 & t by :i* he is be/ kn[n--! oratorio ( ,! ,creation4 ,x is said t ! fir/ ideas = ?is came to him :51 9 cross+ ! ,engli% ,*annel1 he enc\nt]$ a t]rific /orm4 ,soon aft] 8 leav+ ,london1 :]e ! words _h be5 giv5 him by ,salomon1 ,haydn set ab\t compos+ ! music4 ,nev]1 he says1 0 ,i s pi\s z :5 compos+ ',! ,creation4' ,i knelt d[n e day & pray$ ,god to /r5g!n me = my "w4 ,x 0 fir/ produc$ on ,m>* #ca1 #agii1 8 #fg? bir?day1 at ! ,national ,!atre1 ,vi5na1 & 0 at once accord$ an extraord9>y %>e ( popul> favor4 ,!re is a pa!tic /ory ( ! la/ p]=mance ( ! "w1 at :i* ,haydn1 9 extreme old age1 9 #ahjh1 0 pres5t1 :5 ,sali]i conduct$4 ,he 0 c>ri$ 9 an arm-*air into ! hall1 & receiv$ !re ) ! w>me/ greet+ by ! audi5ce4 ,at ! sublime passage1 ,& !re 0 light6 ,haydn1 q ov]come1 rais$ 8 h&1 po9t+ upw>d & say+1 ,x came f !nce4 ,soon aft] ?is 8 agitation increas$ s mu* t x 0 ?\ght bett] to take him home at ! end ( ! fir/ "p4 ,! p cr[d$ r\nd him to take leave1 & ,bee?ov5 is said to h rev]5tly kiss$ 8 h& & =ehead4 ,aft] compos+ ,! ,creation1 ,haydn 0 prevail$ ^u to write ano!r "w1 ( some:at simil> "*1 to words adapt$ f ,?omson's poem1 & entitl$ ,! ,seasons4 ,?is1 ?\gh conta9+ "s f9e descriptive music & sev]al *oruses ( great beauty1 is n at all equal to ! e>li] "w1 ?\gh at ! "t its success 0 q z complete4 ,b ! ex]tion ( writ+ two su* great works1 almo/ )\t re/ betwe5 !m1 0 too great1 & he himself said3 ',! ,seasons' gave me ! f9i%+ /roke4 ,! bomb>dm5t ( ,vi5na by ! ,fr5* 9 #ahji greatly di/urb$ ! poor old man4 ,he /ill reta9$ "s ( 8 old humor1 & dur+ ! ?und] ( ! cannons call$ out to 8 s]vants3 ,*ildr51 don't be fright5$2 no h>m c happ5 to y :ile ,haydn is by6 ,he 0 n[ no long] able to compose1 & to 8 la/ unf9i%$ qu>tette he add$ a few b>s ( ,d] ,greis1 z a conclusion3 ,h9 i/ alle me9e ,kraft3 ,alt und s*wa* b9 i*4 --,,joseph ,,haydn4 ,gone is all my /r5g?3 old & weak am ,i4 ,& ^! l9es he caus$ to be engrav$1 & s5t on a c>d to ! fri5ds :o visit$ him4 ,! end 0 inde$ n[ ne>4 ,on ,may #bf1 #ahji1 he _h 8 s]vants ga!r$ r\nd him = ! la/ adieus2 !n1 by 8 desire1 he 0 c>ri$ to ! piano1 :]e he play$ ?ree times ov] ! ,emp]or's ,hymn1 compos$ by him4 ,!n he 0 tak5 to 8 b$1 :]e five days aft]w>d he di$4 ,,bee?ov5 ,by ,c4 ,e4 ,,b\rne 7#aggj-ahbg7 ,illu/ration3 ,bee?ov54 ,9 "o ( 8 lett]s to ,frau von ,/rei*]1 at ,bad51 ,bee?ov5 writes3 ,:5 y visit ! anci5t ru9s1 d n =get t ,bee?ov5 has (t5 l+]$ !re2 :5 y /ray ?r\gh ! sil5t p9e-=e/s1 d n =get t ,bee?ov5 (t5 wrote poetry !re1 or1 z x is t]m$1 compos$4 ,he 0 always fond ( claim+ ! title ,ton-di*t]1 poet 9 music2 & surely ( all ! great g5iuses :o h walk$ ! e>?1 to none c ! glori\s "n ( poet m truly be giv5 ?an to ,ludwig von ,bee?ov54 ,he 0 born at ,bonn1 on ,decemb] #ag1 #aggj4 ,8 fa!r1 ,johann von ,bee?ov51 0 a t5or s+] 9 ! ,electoral ,*apel ( ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cologne1 at ,bonn1 & 8 "m1 ,m>ia ,magdal5a1 0 a daught] ( ! head cook at ! ca/le ( ,ehr5breit/e94 ,! ,bee?ov5 family orig9ally came f ,l\va91 9 ,belgium2 b ! compos]'s gr&fa!r _h settl$ 9 ,bonn1 fir/ z a s+]1 & aft]w>d z ,capellmei/] to ! c\rt4 ,musicians 7 n held ( mu* acc\nt 9 ^? days1 & ! m>riage ( a s+] ) ! daught] ( a cook 0 n at all consid]$ a msalliance4 ,johann 0 a sad drunk5 scapegrace1 & 8 poor wife1 9 br++ up h] family ^u ! small portion ( 8 e>n+s :i* %e c\ld save f be+ squ&]$ at ! tav]n1 _h a pitiably h>d & long /ruggl+ life ( x4 ,johann soon discov]$ ! extraord9>y musical end[m5ts ( 8 *ild & at once set to "w to make a prodigy ( him1 z ,h&el1 ,ba*1 & ,moz>t _h be5 be=e2 = 9 ?is way ! fa!r hop$ to secure a m9e ( weal? & lazy compet5ce = himself4 ,s ! boy1 :5 only a few ye>s old1 0 kept = long we>y h\rs practis+ ! piano1 & "o ( ! e>lie/ /ories ( 8 life is ( ! five-ye>-old little *ild made to /& on a b5* be=e ! piano labor+ ov] ! notes1 :ile ! te>s fl[$ fa/ d[n 8 *eeks at ! cold & a*+ pa91 f :i* 8 h>d taskma/] w\ld n release him4 ,besides 8 fa!r1 a clev] musician :o lodg$ 9 ! h\se1 ,pfeiff]1 an oboi/ at ! !atre1 gave him lessons4 ,bee?ov5 us$ aft]w>d to say t he _h le>nt m f ?is ,pfeiff] ?an f any "o else2 b he 0 too ready to abet ! fa!r 9 8 tyranny1 & _m a "t1 :5 ! two came reel+ home late at night f dr9k+ b\ts at ! tav]n1 !y w\ld ar\se ! little fell[ f 8 sleep & set him to "w at ! piano till daybreak4 ,8 next in/ructor 0 ,neefe1 ! organi/ ( ! ,ar*bi%op's private *apel1 a really skilful & le>n$ musician1 :o pr$ict$ t ! boy w\ld become a second ,moz>t4 ,"u him ,bee?ov5 /udi$ = sev]al ye>s1 & 9 #aghb1 :5 he 0 h>dly twelve ye>s old1 we f9d him act+ z organi/ 9 ,neefe's place dur+ ! abs5ce ( ! latt] on a j\rney4 ,! next ye> ?ree sonatas compos$ by "y ,bee?ov51 & d$icat$ to ! ,elector 9 fulsome language1 :i* 0 probably 8 fa!r's production1 7 pr9t$4 ,soon aft]w>d ! boy obta9$ ! appo9tm5t ( assi/ant-organi/ to ! ,elector1 ) a sal>y ( a hundr$ ?al]s1 no inconsid]able addition to ! res\rces ( 8 poor "m1 :o1 ) h] family ( ?ree *ildr51 ,ludwig1 ,c>l1 & ,johann1 & ! m & m frequ5t visits ( h] ne'er-d-well ( a husb& to ! tav]n1 0 (t5 griev\sly h>d put to x = money4 ,"y ,ludwig _h little play "t 9 8 life1 & little opportunity = education2 b amid 8 h>d "w "s indications ( a mis*iev\s boyi% _s are to be f\nd4 ,9 ! ye> #agia1 ! ,elector1 z head ( ! ,teutonic ,ord]1 _h to be pres5t at a gr& conclave at ,m]g5!im1 & ?i!r he resolv$ to take 8 musical & !atrical /aff4 ,two %ips 7 *>t]$ to convey ^! g5tlem5 d[n ! ,rh9e & ,ma9e1 & a v pleasant excursion1 ) all sorts ( frolics & high revell+s1 !y _h ( x4 ,lux1 a celebrat$ actor1 0 *os5 k+ ( ! exp$ition1 & we f9d ,bee?ov5 figur+ among ! scullions4 ,9 ! autumn ( ! ye> foll[+1 a visit 0 paid by ,haydn to ,bonn on 8 return f 8 second j\rney to ,london4 ,! musicians ( ! t[n gave a breakfa/ at ,godesb]g 9 8 honor1 & "h ,bee?ov5 summon$ up c\rage to %[ ! vet]an musician a cantata :i* he _h rec5tly compos$4 ,?is 0 w>mly prais$ by ,haydn1 & probably ab\t ?is "t arrangem5ts 7 made = ,bee?ov5 to be receiv$ z a pupil by ! old] ma/]4 ,x is 9 ?is p]iod t we mu/ place a well-kn[n anecdote4 ,! "y musician1 already fam\s 9 8 own neighborhood1 0 compos+1 z 8 cu/om 01 9 ! wood outside ! city1 :5 a fun]al cortge pass$ him4 ,! prie/1 see+ him1 in/antly *eck$ ! dirge :i* 0 be+ *ant$1 & ! procession pass$ 9 solemn sil5ce1 = fe> ( di/urb+ him4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ,novemb]1 #agib1 ! "y musician left ,bonn = ,vi5na1 &1 z x happ5$1 he nev] aft]w>d return$ to ! famili> sc5es ( 8 bir?place4 ,bee?ov5 0 nev] a v easy man to get on )1 & 8 int]c\rse ) ,haydn1 :o us$ to call him ! ,great ,mogul1 does n seem to h be5 ! mo/ fri5dly4 ,he 0 dissatisfi$ ) ! in/ruction giv5 him1 & suspicions 7 awak5$ 9 8 m9d t ! eld] musician 0 jeal\s ( him1 & did n wi% him to improve4 ,^! ?\ghts 7 /r5g!n$ by ! result ( a *ance meet+ "o day1 z he 0 walk+ home ) 8 portfolio "u 8 arm1 ) ,johann ,s*5k1 a sci5tific & ?or\ghly accompli%$ musician4 ,bee?ov5 compla9$ to him ( ! little advance he 0 mak+ 9 c\nt]po9t1 & t ,haydn nev] correct$ 8 ex]cises or taught him any?+4 ,s*5k ask$ to look ?r\gh ! portfolio1 & see ! la/ "w t ,haydn _h revis$1 & on exam9+ x he 0 a/oni%$ to f9d a numb] ( mi/akes t _h n be5 po9t$ out4 ,x is difficult to und]/& ,haydn's conduct 9 ?is matt]1 = ! p]fidi\s treatm5t suspect$ by ,bee?ov5 is q at v>iance ) ! ord9>ily accept$ "* ( ! old man1 & ,i _c help fancy+ t ! only f\ndation = ,bee?ov5's suspicion 0 t ,haydn did n q und]/& ! erratic g5ius ( ! y\? till "s "t aft]w>d4 ,bee?ov5 d$icat$ 8 ?ree pian(orte sonatas1 ,op4 ,,ii41 to ,haydn1 & :5 ! latt] sugge/$ t he %\ld add on ! title page ,pupil ( ,haydn1 ! ,great ,mogul refus$1 bluntly say+ t he _h nev] le>nt any?+ f him4 ,aft] ,haydn1 ,albre*tsb]g] & ,sali]i 7 = a "t 8 tea*]s1 b ,bee?ov5 got on no bett] ) !m1 & ,albre*tsb]g] said1 ,h no?+ to d ) him2 he has le>nt no?+1 & w nev] d any?+ 9 dec5t /yle4 ,p]haps n 9 y\r p$ant's /yle1 ,o great contrapunti/6 ,bee?ov5 _c be said to h be5 un=tunate 9 8 fri5ds4 ,he _h _m true & fai?ful ones ?r\gh\t 8 life1 & ?\gh he suff]$ f pecuni>y tr\bles1 caus$ by ! conduct ( 8 bro!rs1 he 0 nev] 9 su* a /ate ( gr9d+ pov]ty z "s o!r arti/s1 su* z ,s*ub]t1 h be5--nev] compell$ to wa/e preci\s ye>s ( 8 life 9 produc+ pot-boil]s--work+ n = art s mu* z = m]e food & %elt]4 ,9 #agid ,pr9ce ,k>l ,li*n[ski1 :o _h be5 a pupil ( ,moz>t1 & :o1 z well z 8 wife ,*ri/iane1 0 fanatico p] la musica1 propos$ t ,bee?ov5 %\ld come & live at 8 palace4 ,!y _h no *ildr52 a suite ( rooms 0 plac$ at ! musician's disposal2 no t]ms 7 propos$2 ! (f] 0 ! mo/ delicate & fri5dly imag9able1 & 0 accept$ by ,bee?ov5 9 ! _s 9 :i* x 0 made4 ,= t5 ye>s he resid$ ) ! ,li*n[skis1 & ^! 7 probably ! ye>s ( pure/ happ9ess 9 ! great compos]'s life1 al?\gh e>ly 9 _! c\rse ! t]rible affliction ( deafness began to be felt by him4 ,he at ?is "t freely frequ5t$ ! salons ( ! ,vi5nese nobility1 _m ( :om 7 accompli%$ virtuosi !mselves1 & 7 able to appreciate ! great g5ius ( ! new-com]1 r\gh & be>i% z (t5times he mu/ h appe>$ to !m--a great contra/ to ! c\rtly ,haydn & ,sali]i1 :o might be se5 sitt+ side by side on ! s(a 9 "s gr&ee's music-room1 ) _! swords1 wigs1 ruffles1 silk /ock+s1 & snuff-boxes1 :ile ! insignificant-look+ & meanly dress$ ,bee?ov5 us$ to /& unnotic$ 9 a corn]4 ,"h is a description ( 8 appe>ance giv5 by a ,frau von ,b]nh>d3 ,:5 he visit$ u1 he g5]ally put 8 head 9 at ! door be=e ent]+1 to see if !re 7 any "o pres5t he did n l4 ,he 0 %ort & insignificant-look+1 ) a r$ face cov]$ ) pock-m>ks4 ,8 hair 0 q d>k4 ,8 dress 0 v common1 q a contra/ to ! elegant attire cu/om>y 9 ^? days1 especially 9 our circles4444 ,he 0 v pr\d1 & ,i h kn[n him refuse to play1 ev5 :5 ,c\ntess ,?un1 ! "m ( ,pr9cess ,li*n[ski1 _h fall5 on h] knees be=e him z he lay on ! s(a to beg him to4 ,! ,c\ntess 0 a v ecc5tric p]son4444 ,at ! ,li*n[skis' ,i saw ,haydn & ,sali]i1 :o 7 !n v fam\s1 :ile ,bee?ov5 excit$ no int]e/4 ,x 0 9 ! ye> #ahjj t ,bee?ov5 at la/ 0 compell$ to ackn[l$ge to himself ! t]rible calamity ( almo/ total deafness t _h befall5 him4 ,he writes to 8 fri5d ,wegel]1 ,if ,i _h n read some:]e t man mu/ n ( 8 own free w dep>t ?is life1 ,i %\ld long ere ?is h be5 no m & t ?r\gh my own act4444 ,:at is to be ! result ( ?is ! good ,god alone kn[s4 ,i beg ( y n to m5tion my /ate to any "o1 n ev5 to ,lor*5 ,wegel]'s wife4 ,b1 he cont9ues1 ,i live only 9 my music1 & no soon] is "o ?+ complet$ ?an ano!r is begun4 ,9 fact1 z at pres5t1 ,i am (t5 engag$ on ?ree or f\r compositions at "o "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,an ,anecdote ab\t ,bee?ov54 ,b at fir/ all 0 n gloom2 = ,bee?ov5 0 9 love--n ! love ( fleet+ fancy t1 l o!r poets1 he may h exp]i5c$ be=e1 b deeply1 tragically1 9 love2 & x seems t1 = a "t at lea/1 ?is love 0 return$4 ,! lady 0 ! ,c\ntess ,julia ,guicci>di2 b 8 dream did n la/ long1 = 9 ! ye> #ahja %e m>ri$ a ,c\nt ,gall5b]g4 ,h>dly any?+ is kn[n ( ?is love affair ( ,bee?ov5's4 ,a few lett]s full ( passionate t5d]ness1 & ) a c]ta9 v pa!tic simple tru/fulness 9 h] love runn+ ?r\gh !m all--on :i* h] m>riage %ortly aft]w>d is a /range comm5t2 ! ,moonlight ,sonata1 vibrat+1 z x is ?r\gh\t1 ) a lov]'s supreme/ ec/asy ( devotion1 ^! are ! only records ( t "o blissful epo* 9 ! poor compos]'s life2 b h[ mu* x affect$ 8 aft] life1 h[ x m+l$ 9 ! dreams f :i* 8 lovelie/ creations ( lat] ye>s arose1 x is impossible n[ to say4 ,9 a lett] to ,wegel]1 dat$ ,novemb] #af1 #ahja1 he says1 ,y c h>dly realize :at a mis]able1 desolate life m9e has be5 = ! la/ two ye>s2 my defective he>+ ev]y:]e pursu+ me l a spectre1 mak+ me fly f e "o1 & appe> a misan?rope2 & yet no "o 9 reality is less s6 ,?is *ange to a happi] life has be5 br\ght ab\t by a lovely & fasc9at+ girl :o loves me & :om ,i love4 ,aft] ! lapse ( two ye>s ,i h aga9 enjoy$ "s blissful mom5ts1 & n[ = ! fir/ "t ,i feel t m>riage c be/[ happ9ess2 b alas6 %e is n 9 ! same rank ( life z myself4444 ,y %all see me z happy z ,i am de/9$ to be "h bel[1 b n unhappy4 ,no1 t ,i c\ld n be>4 ,i w grasp ,fate by ! ?roat2 x %all n utt]ly cru% me4 ,oh1 x is s glori\s to live "o's life a ?\s& times6 ,no misan?ropy ?is1 surely2 he c\ld n always speak ! spee* ( common m51 or c>e = ! tawdry brav]y ( titles or f9e clo!s 9 :i* !y /rutt$1 b :at a he>t !re 0 9 ! man1 :at a wondr\s insight into all ! beauty ( ! _w1 visible & invisible1 ar\nd him6 ,! mo/ glori\s lovesong ev] compos$1 ,adelaide1 0 writt5 by him2 b ,julia ,guicci>di pref]r$ a ,c\nt ,gall5b]g1 keep] ( ! royal ar*ives 9 ,vi5na1 & ,bee?ov51 to ! end ( 8 days1 w5t on 8 way alone4 ,x 0 at ?is "t t he compos$ 8 oratorio1 ,! ,m\nt ( ,olives1 :i* c h>dly be reckon$ among 8 f9e/ works2 & 8 "o op]a--b su* an op]a--,fidelio4 ,! great] "p ( ^! works 0 compos$ dur+ 8 /ay1 9 ! summ] mon?s1 at ,hetz5dorf1 a pretty1 seclud$ little village ne> ,s*nbrunn4 ,he sp5t 8 days w&]+ alone ?r\gh ! quiet1 %ady alleys ( ! imp]ial p>k !re1 & 8 favorite seat 0 betwe5 two b\ghs ( a v5]able oak1 at a height ( ab\t two feet f ! gr\nd4 ,= "s "t he _h ap>tm5ts at a resid5ce ( ,b>on ,pronay's1 ne> ?is village2 b he sudd5ly left1 because ! b>on w\ld p]si/ 9 mak+ him pr(\nd b[s e "t t he met him4 ,l a true poet1 he delight$ 9 ! c\ntry4 ,no man on e>?1 he writes1 loves ! c\ntry m4 ,woods1 trees1 & rock give ! response :i* man requires4 ,e tree seems to say1 ',holy1 holy4' ,9 #ahjd ! magnific5t ,eroica symphony 0 complet$4 ,?is _h orig9ally be5 comm5c$ 9 honor ( ,napoleon ,bonap>te1 !n ,fir/ ,consul1 :o1 ,bee?ov5--?r\gh\t 8 life an ard5t ,republican--!n believ$ 0 ab\t to br+ lib]ty to all ! nations ( ,europe4 ,:5 ! news ( ! empire came ! dream dep>t$1 & ,bee?ov51 9 a passionate rage1 tore ! title page ( ! symphony 9 two1 &1 ) a torr5t ( imprecations aga9/ ! tyrant1 /amp$ on ! torn fragm5ts4 ,my h]o--a tyrant6 he %riek$1 z he trampl$ on ! poor page4 ,on ?is page ! inscription _h be5 simply1 ,bonap>te--,luigi v4 ,bee?ov54 ,= "s ye>s he refus$ to publi% ! "w1 &1 :5 at la/ ?is 0 done1 ! inscription read z foll[s3 ,s9fonia ,eroica p] fe/igi>i il sovv5ire d'un gr&' uomo 7,h]oic symphony1 to celebrate ! memory ( a great man74 ,:5 ,napoleon di$1 9 #ahba1 ,bee?ov5 said1 ,sev5te5 ye>s be=e ,i compos$ ! music = ?is occasion2 & surely no gr&] music ?an t ( ! ,fun]al ,m>* 0 ev] compos$ = ! obsequies ( a fall5 h]o4 ,?is is n ! place to ent] into a description ( ! m>vell\s succession ( colossal works--symphonies1 conc]tos1 sonatas1 trios1 qu>tets1 etc41 culm9at+ 9 ! ,*oral ,symphony1 8 n9?1 & la/--:i*1 ?r\gh ^? long ye>s ( a sil5t life1 imprison$ )9 himself1 ! great ma/] put =?4 ,8 deafness prev5t$ 8 appe>+ 9 public to conduct1 al?\gh1 ) ! natural desire ( a compos] to be pres5t at ! production ( 8 own "w1 he long /ruggl$ to take 8 "p 9 ! fir/ p]=mances ( symphonies & conc]tos4 ,:5 ! great *oral symphony 0 fir/ p]=m$ he attempt$ to conduct1 b 9 reality ano!r conductor 0 /ation$ ne> him to give ! "r "t to ! b&4 ,aft] ! maje/ic in/rum5tal movem5ts _h be5 play$ came ! f9al "o1 conclud+ ) ,s*ill]'s ,hymn to ,joy4 ,! *orus breaks =?1 ?und]+ out 9 conc]t ) all ! in/rum5ts4 ,at ! words ,seid ums*lung]1 ,million51 ! audi5ce c\ld no long] re/ra9 _! excit$ delight1 & bur/ into trem5d\s applause1 dr[n+ ! voices ( s+]s & ! s\nds ( /r+s & brass4 ,! la/ notes are he>d1 b /ill ,bee?ov5 /&s !re absorb$ 9 ?\ght--he does n "k t ! music is end$4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ "t t ! p realiz$ ! full deprivation ( he>+ f :i* he suff]$4 ,fraule9 ,ung]1 ! soprano1 g5tly takes 8 arm & turns him r\nd to front ! acclaim+ multitude4 ,!re are few 9 t cr[d :o1 :ile !y *e]1 d n feel ! te>s /eal+ d[n _! *eeks at ! sight ( ! poor lonely man :o1 f ! prison-h\se ( 8 affliction1 has br\ght to !m ! gladness ( ?\ght s div9e4 ,unmov$1 he b[$ 8 ackn[l$gm5t1 & quietly left ! build+4 ,8 lat] ye>s 7 embitt]$ ) tr\bles ab\t 8 nephew ,c>l1 a y\? to :om he 0 fondly atta*$1 b :o %amefully repaid ! love ( ! desolate old man4 ,lett]s l ! foll[+1 to ! tea*] 9 ^: h\se ! boy liv$1 %[ ! con/ant ?\ght & affection giv5 to ?is boy3 ,y\r e/imable lady is politely reque/$ to let ! und]sign$ "k z soon z possible 7t ,i may n be oblig$ to keep x all 9 my head7 h[ _m pairs ( /ock+s1 tr\s]s1 %oes1 & draw]s are requir$1 & h[ _m y>ds ( k]seym]e to make a pair ( black tr\s]s = my tall nephew4 ,8 dea? 0 ! result ( a cold :i* produc$ inflammation ( ! lungs4 ,on ! morn+ ( ,m>* #bd1 #ahbg1 he took ! sacram5t & :5 ! cl]gyman 0 gone & 8 fri5ds /ood r\nd 8 b$1 he mutt]$4 ,plaudite amici1 com$ia f9ita e/4 ,he !n fell into an agony s int5se t he c\ld no long] articulate1 & ?us cont9u$ until ! ev5+ ( ! #bf?4 ,a viol5t ?und]-/orm arose2 "o ( 8 fri5ds1 wat*+ by 8 b$side :5 ! ?und] 0 roll+ & a vivid fla% ( lightn+ lit up ! room1 saw him sudd5ly op5 8 eyes1 lift 8 "r h& upw>d = "s seconds--z if 9 defiance ( ! p[]s ( evil--) cl5*$ fi/ & a /]n1 solemn expression on 8 face2 & !n he sank back & di$4 ,,pagan9i 7#aghd-ahdj7 ,illu/ration3 ,pagan9i4 ,nicolo ,pagan9i1 ^: ,european fame z a viol9i/ entitles him to a notice "h1 0 born at ,g5oa 9 #aghd4 ,8 fa!r1 a commission-brok]1 play$ on ! m&ol92 b fully aw>e ( ! inf]iority ( an in/rum5t s limit$ 9 p[]1 he put a viol9 into 8 son's h&s1 & initiat$ him 9 ! pr9ciples ( music4 ,! *ild succe$$ s well "u p>5tal tuition1 t at eight ye>s ( age he play$ ?ree times a week 9 ! *ur*1 z well z 9 ! public saloons4 ,at ! same p]iod he compos$ a sonata4 ,9 8 n9? ye> he 0 plac$ "u ! in/ruction ( ,co/a1 fir/ violoncelli/ ( ,g5oa2 !n _h lessons ( ,rolla1 a fam\s p]=m] & compos]2 & f9ally /udi$ c\nt]po9t at ,p>ma "u ,ghiretti & ! celebrat$ mae/ro ,pa]4 ,he n[ took an engagem5t at ,lucca1 :]e he *iefly associat$ ) p]sons :o at ! gam+-table /ripp$ him ( 8 ga9s z quickly z he acquir$ !m4 ,he !re receiv$ ! appo9tm5t ( director ( or*e/ra to ! c\rt1 at :i* ! ,pr9cess ,elisa ,baccio*i1 si/] ( ,napoleon ,i41 presid$1 & ?i!r invit$1 to ! full ext5t ( h] means1 sup]ior tal5t ( e k9d4 ,9 #ahac he p]=m$ at ,milan2 five ye>s aft]1 at ,tur92 & subsequ5tly at ,flor5ce & ,naples4 ,9 #ahbh he visit$ ,vi5na1 :]e a v popul> viol9i/ & compos]1 ,mays$]1 ask$ him h[ he produc$ su* new effects4 ,8 reply 0 *>act]i/ic ( a selfi% m9d3 ,*acun a ses secrets ,9 t capital1 x is affirm$1 he 0 imprison$1 be+ accus$ ( hav+ murd]$ 8 wife4 ,he *all5g$ pro(s ( 8 ev] hav+ be5 m>ri$1 :i* c\ld n be produc$4 ,!n he 0 *>g$ ) hav+ poign>d$ 8 mi/ress4 ,?is he also publicly refut$4 ,! fact is t he knew bett] h[ to make money ?an fri5ds1 & he rais$ up enemies :]ev] 8 ?ir/ = gold l$ him4 ,av>ice 0 8 ma/]-passion2 &1 second to ?is1 gross s5suality4 ,! ye> #ahca f\nd ,pagan9i 9 ,p>is1 9 :i* excitable capital he produc$ a s5sation n inf]ior to t creat$ by ! visit ( ,ross9i4 ,ev5 ?is r5[n$ compos] 0 s c>ri$ away1 ei!r by ! actual g5ius ( ! viol9i/ or by ! curr5t ( popul> en?usiasm1 t he is said to h wept on he>+ ,pagan9i = ! fir/ "t4 ,he arriv$ 9 ,engl& 9 #ahca1 & imm$iately ann\nc$ a conc]t at ! ,italian ,op]a ,h\se1 at a price :i*1 if acc$$ to1 w\ld h yield$ #c1cia p] night2 b ! attempt 0 too audaci\s1 & he 0 compell$ to abate 8 dem&s1 ?\gh he succe$$ 9 draw+ audi5ces fifte5 nights 9 t season at ! ord9>y high prices ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre4 ,he also gave conc]ts 9 o!r p>ts ( ,london1 & p]=m$ at b5efits1 always tak+ at ^! a l>ge proportion ( ! proce$s4 ,he visit$ mo/ ( ! great t[ns1 :]e 8 good =tune /ill att5d$ him4 ,he 0 ask$ to play at ! ,commemoration ,fe/ival at ,ox=d1 9 #ahcd1 & dem&$ #a1jjj gu9eas = 8 assi/ance at ?ree conc]ts4 ,8 t]ms 7 ( c\rse reject$4 ,pagan9i di$ at ,nice1 9 #ahdj1 ( a diseas$ l>ynx 7ph?isie l>ynge74 ,by 8 w1 dat$ #ahcg1 he gave 8 two si/]s legacies ( #fj1jjj & #gj1jjj francs2 8 "m a p5sion ( #a1bjj2 ! "m ( 8 son ,a*ill9o 7a ,jewess ( ,milan7 a simil> p5sion2 & ! re/ ( 8 =tune1 am\nt+ to #d1jjj1jjj francs1 devolv$ on 8 son4 ,^! & o!r facts be=e relat$1 we give on ! au?ority ( ! ,biographie ,univ]selle4 ,pagan9i c]ta9ly 0 a man ( g5ius & a great p]=m]1 b sacrific$ 8 art to 8 av>ice4 ,8 ma/]y ov] ! viol9 0 almo/ m>vell\s1 ?\gh he made an ignoble use ( 8 p[] by employ+ x to captivate ! mob ( pret5d$ amateurs by feats little bett] ?an sleight-(-h&4 ,8 p]=mance on a s+le /r+1 & ! p]fection ( 8 h>monics1 7 v extraord9>y2 b :y1 z 0 ask$ at ! "t1 be conf9$ to "o /r+ :5 !re are f\r at comm& t w\ld answ] e musical purpose s mu* bett]8 ,8 tone 0 pure1 ?\gh n /rong1 8 /r+s hav+ be5 ( small] diamet] ?an usual1 to enable him to /ra9 !m at pleasure2 = he tun$ 8 in/rum5t mo/ caprici\sly4 ,he c\ld be a v expressive play]2 we h he>d him produce effects deeply pa!tic4 ,8 arpeggios ev9c$ 8 k ( h>mony1 & "s ( 8 compositions exhibit _m orig9al & beautiful traits4 ,illu/ration3 ,pagan9i 9 ,prison4 ,,m5delssohn ,by ,c4 ,e4 ,,b\rne 7#ahji-ahdg7 ,m5delssohn's lot 9 life 0 /rik+ly diff]5t f t ( all ! musicians ( :om ,i h hi!rto writt52 he nev] knew1 l ,s*ub]t1 :at gr9d+ pov]ty 01 or suff]$ ! long worries t ,moz>t _h to endure = lack ( money4 ,8 fa!r 0 a ,jewi% bank] 9 ,b]l91 ! son ( ,moses ,m5delssohn1 a philosoph] ^: writ+s _h already made ! "n celebrat$ ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,! compos]'s fa!r us$ to say1 ) a v natural pride1 aft] 8 own son _h gr[n up1 ,=m]ly ,i 0 ! son ( my fa!r1 & n[ ,i am ! fa!r ( my son6 ,felix ,m5delssohn-,b>?oldy 0 born on ,febru>y #c1 #ahji4 ,8 p>5ts 7 nei!r ( !m tra9$ musicians1 ?\gh bo? appreciat$ & lov$ music1 & x 0 f 8 "m t "y ,felix receiv$ 8 fir/ music-lessons4 ,:5 he _h made "s advance1 ,ludwig ,b]g] became 8 tutor = ! piano1 & ,zelt]1 a v le>n$ & sev]e !ori/1 = c\nt]po9t4 ,at ! age ( n9e ye>s ,felix _h atta9$ su* pr(ici5cy t we f9d him tak+ ! pian(orte "p 9 a trio at a public conc]t ( a ,h]r ,gugel's1 & :5 twelve ye>s old he began to compose1 & actually wrote a trio1 "s sonatas1 a cantata1 & sev]al organ pieces4 ,8 home life 0 9 ! highe/ degree favorable to 8 musical developm5t4 ,on alt]nate ,sundays musical p]=mances 7 regul>ly giv5 ) a small or*e/ra 9 ! l>ge d9+-room1 ,felix or 8 si/] ,fanny1 :o also possess$ rem>kable musical gifts1 tak+ ! pian(orte "p1 & new compositions by ,felix 7 always includ$ 9 ! programme4 ,_m fri5ds1 musicians & o!rs1 us$ to be pres5t1 ,zelt] regul>ly among _! numb]1 & ! pieces 7 always freely comm5t$ on1 ,felix receiv+ !n1 z inde$ he did all 8 life1 ! criticisms express$1 ) ! utmo/ good-natur$ read9ess4 ,illu/ration3 ,m5delssohn4 ,9 #ahbd ,mos*eles1 at t "t a celebrat$ piani/1 & resid+ 9 ,london1 visit$ ,b]l91 & 0 ask$ to give ,felix music-lessons4 ,?is is ! te/imony ( ,mos*eles1 an excell5t & k9d-he>t$ man1 & a ?or\ghly skill$ musician1 aft] sp5d+ ne>ly e day = six weeks ) ! family3 ,x is a family su* z ,i h nev] kn[n be=e2 ,felix1 a mature arti/1 & yet b fifte52 ,fanny1 extraord9>ily gift$1 play+ ,ba*'s fugues by he>t & ) a/oni%+ correctness--9 fact1 a ?or\gh musician4 ,! p>5ts give me ! impression ( p ( ! highe/ cultivation2 & on ! subject ( lessons he says3 ,felix has no ne$ ( lessons2 if he wi%es to take a h9t f me z to any?+ new1 he c easily d s4 ,b x is v pleasant to f9d ,m5delssohn aft]w>d ref]r+ to ^! lessons z hav+ urg$ him on to en?usiasm1 &1 9 ! days 9 ,london :5 8 own fame _h f> out/ripp$ t ( ! old] musician1 ackn[l$g+ himself z ,mos*eles's pupil4 ,! eld] ,m5delssohn 0 by no means c>ri$ away by ! applause :i* ! boy's play+ & compositions _h ga9$1 & 9 #ahbe he took 8 son to ,p>is to obta9 ,*]ub9i's op9ion z to 8 musical abilities1 ) a view to ! *oice ( a pr(ession2 = he _h by no means made up 8 m9d t ,felix %\ld sp5d 8 :ole life z a musician4 ,h[ev]1 ! surly old ,flor5t9e1 :o 0 n always civil or appreciative ( budd+ g5ius 7te/e ,b]lioz71 gave a decid$ly favorable judgm5t on ! compositions submitt$ to him1 & urg$ ! fa!r to devote 8 son to a musical c>e]4 ,&1 inde$1 on li/5+ to ! pieces :i* 7 dat$ ?is ye>1 especially a beautiful qu>tet 9 ,b m9or1 an octet = /r+s1 ! music to an op]a 9 two acts1 ,cama*o's ,w$d+1 & num]\s pian(orte pieces1 x is difficult to realize t ! compos] 0 !n only sixte5 ye>s ( age1 or t anyone c\ld "q ! arti/ic vocation t claim$ him4 ,b ! next ye> a "w 0 writt51 ! score ( :i* is m>k$ ,b]l91 ,augu/ #f1 #ahbf1 :5 x mu/ be rememb]$ t he 0 sev5te5 ye>s ( age1 :i* ( itself 0 suffici5t to rank him among ! immortals--! ov]ture to ! ,midsumm] ,night's ,dream4 ,full ( lovely imag9+s1 ) a wond]ful fairy grace all its own1 & a bewit*+ beauty1 reveal+ n only ! s\l ( ! true poet1 b also ! musician pr(\ndly skill$ 9 all ! art ( or*e/ral effect1 x is h>d to believe t x is ! "w ( a boy "u tw5ty1 writt5 9 ! bright summ] days ( #ahbf1 9 8 fa!r's g>d5 at ,b]l94 ,pass+ ov] ! int]m$iate ye>s ) a simple ref]5ce to ! ,me]es/ille1 ,calm ,sea & ,prosp]\s ,voyage1 :i* 0 !n compos$1 & a f9e p]=mance ( ,ba*'s ,passion ,music1 = :i* he _h be5 long drill+ ! memb]s ( ! ,b]l9 ,s+akademie1 ! next ev5t is a visit to ,engl& 9 #ahbi1 :]e he 0 receiv$ ) extraord9>y w>m?1 play+ at ! ,philh>monic ,conc]ts1 conduct+ 8 ,c m9or ,symphony1 :i* he d$icat$ to ! ,philh>monic ,society1 !y 9 _! turn elect+ him "o ( _! honor>y memb]s2 go+ to d9n]s1 balls1 & ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 & enjoy+ himself mo/ hugely4 ,8 lett]s f ,engl& at ?is "t are brimm+ ov] ) fun & graphic description2 !re is "o especially amus+1 9 :i* he describes himself ) two fri5ds go+ home f a late d9n] at ! ,g]man ,ambassador's1 & on ! way buy+ ?ree ,g]man sausages1 go+ d[n a quiet /reet to dev\r !m1 ) all ! :ile joy\s laught] & snat*es ( "p songs4 ,!re is also a little incid5t ( ?is "t %[+ ! wond]ful memory he possess$4 ,aft] a conc]t on ,midsumm] ,night1 :5 ! ,midsumm] ,night's ,dream _h v appropriately be5 play$1 x 0 f\nd t ! score _h be5 lo/ 9 a hackney-coa* z ! p>ty 7 return+ to ,mr4 ,attwood's4 ,nev] m9d1 said ,m5delssohn1 ,i w make ano!r1 :i* he did1 & on comp>ison ) ! sep>ate p>ts n a s+le diff]5ce 0 f\nd 9 x4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ,decemb] he 0 at home aga91 & t w9t] he wrote ! ,re=mation ,symphony1 int5d$ to be produc$ at ! t]c5t5>y fe/ival ( ! ,augsburg ,confession 9 ! foll[+ ,june4 ,?is symphony1 ) :i* ,m5delssohn 0 n entirely satisfi$1 0 only once p]=m$ dur+ 8 lifetime1 b s9ce 8 dea? x has frequ5tly be5 p]=m$1 & ?\gh n "o ( 8 mo/ p]fect works1 is recogniz$ z a noble monum5t 9 honor ( a great ev5t4 ,! next spr+ he aga9 set out on 8 travels1 ?is "t s\?w>d to ,italy4 ,9 #ahcc ,m5delssohn accept$ an (ficial po/ (f]$ him by ! au?orities ( ,dsseldorf1 by :i* ! entire musical arrangem5ts ( ! t[n1 *ur*1 !atre1 & s++ societies 7 put "u 8 c>e4 ,imm]mann1 ! celebrat$ poet1 be+ associat$ ) him 9 ! direction ( ! !atre4 ,?+s1 h[ev]1 did n g on v smoo?ly !re4 ,m5delssohn f\nd all ! _m worries ( !atrical managem5t--! engagem5t ( s+]s & musicians1 ! diss5sions to be arrang$1 ! _m ta/es to be conciliat$--too irksome1 & he did n long reta9 ?is appo9tm5t2 b ! life among 8 fri5ds at ,dsseldorf 0 mo/ delightful1 & ! lett]s writt5 at ?is "t are exce$+ly lively & gay4 ,x 0 "h t he receiv$ ! commission f ! ,ccilia-,v]e9 ( ,frank=t =1 & comm5c$1 8 gr& oratorio ,/4 ,paul4 ,! words = ?is1 z also = ! ,elijah & ,hymn ( ,praise aft]w>d1 he select$ himself ) ! help ( 8 fri5d ,s*ubung1 & !y are entirely f ! ,bible--z he said1 ,! ,bible is always ! be/ ( all4 ,circum/ances prev5t$ ! oratorio be+ !n produc$ at ,frank=t1 & ! fir/ public p]=mance took place at ! ,l[] ,rh9e ,fe/ival at ,dsseldorf1 9 ,may1 #ahcf4 ,b 8 visits to ,frank=t _h a v important result 9 ano!r way4 ,m5delssohn !re met ,mademoiselle ,ccile ,jeanr5aud1 ! daught] ( a pa/or ( ! ,fr5* ,re=m$ ,*ur*1 &1 ?\gh he _h frequ5tly indulg$ 9 ! admiration ( beautiful & clev] wom5--:i* is all[able1 & inde$ an absolute necessity = a poet6--n[ = ! fir/ "t he fell furi\sly 9 pla9 unmi/akable & d[nright love4 ,b x is m *>act]i/ic ( ! /aid ,teuton ?an ! impulsive musician1 t be=e plight+ 8 tro? to h] he w5t away = a mon?'s ba?+ at ,s*ev5+51 9 ,holl&1 = ! purpose ( te/+ ! /r5g? ( 8 affection by ?is abs5ce4 ,on 8 return1 f9d+ 8 amatory pulse /ill beat+ satisfactorily1 he propos$ to ! "y lady1 &1 z x mu/ be presum$ t %e _h already made up h] own m9d )\t any te/+1 he 0 accept$4 ,on ,m>* #bh1 #ahcg1 !y 7 m>ri$1 & ! w$d$ life t !n began 0 "o ( pure1 uncl\d$ happ9ess to ! v end4 ,ccile ,m5delssohn 0 a beautiful1 g5tle-he>t$1 & lov+ wife1 j ! "o to give a we>y & n]v\s arti/ 9 ! home-life1 ) h]self & ! *ildr5 ne> him1 ! bless$ solace ( re/ & calm t he s ne$$4 ,x is ?us t ,edw>d ,devri5t1 ! great ,g]man actor1 & "o ( ,m5delssohn's mo/ intimate fri5ds1 describes h]3 ,ccile 0 "o ( ^? sweet womanly natures ^: g5tle simplicity1 ^: m]e pres5ce1 soo!d & pleas$4 ,%e 0 slight1 ) features ( /rik+ beauty & delicacy2 h] hair 0 betwe5 br[n & gold1 b ! transc5d5t lu/re ( h] great blue eyes1 & ! brilliant roses ( h] *eeks1 7 sad h>b+]s ( e>ly dea?4 ,%e spoke little1 & nev] ) animation1 9 a l[1 s(t voice4 ,%akespe>e's words1 ,my graci\s sil5ce1 appli$ to h] no less ?an to ! wife ( ,coriolanus4 ,aft] giv+ up 8 (ficial position at ,dsseldorf1 9 #ahce1 ,m5delssohn 0 invit$ to become ! conductor ( ! n[ fam\s ,gew&haus conc]ts at ,leipsic1 a po/ :i* he gladly accept$1 & :i*1 reta9$ by him = _m ye>s1 0 to be "o ( ! greate/ delights ( 8 arti/ic life4 ,n only 0 he lov$ & appreciat$ 9 ,leipsic--f> m ?an 9 ,b]l91 8 own city--b he _h "h an opportunity ( assi/+ _m compos]s & virtuosi1 :o o!rwise w\ld h s\ght 9 va9 = a he>+4 ,?us1 aft] ,liszt1 :5 visit+ ! t[n1 _h be5 fir/ ( all receiv$ ) great coldness1 ow+ to ! usual prices ( admission to ! conc]ts hav+ be5 rais$1 ,m5delssohn set ev]y?+ /raight by hav+ a soire 9 8 honor at ! ,gew&haus1 :]e !re 7 ?ree hundr$ & fifty p1 or*e/ra1 *orus1 pun*1 pa/ry1 ,me]es/ille ,psalm1 ,ba*'s ,triple ,conc]to1 *oruses f ,/4 ,paul1 ,fantasia on ,lucia1 ! ,erl ,k+1 ! ,devil & 8 ,gr&mo!r1 ! latt] probably a mild satirical ref]5ce to ,liszt's /ormy & (t5 incoh]5t play+4 ,x is also pleasant to f9d h[ cordially ,m5delssohn receiv$ ,b]lioz !re1 z told 9 ! ,memoirs ( ! latt]1 sp5d+ ungrudg+ly long days 9 aid+ 9 rehe>sals = 8 ,romeo et ,juliette1 ?\gh ,m5delssohn nev] sympa?iz$ mu* ) ,b]lioz's ecc5tric muse4 ,! ,lobgesang1 or ,hymn ( ,praise1 a symphonie-cantata1 z he call$ x1 0 8 next great "w1 compos$ 9 #ahdj1 toge!r ) o!r music1 at ! reque/ ( ! ,leipsic ,t[n-,c\ncil1 = a fe/ival held 9 t t[n 9 commemoration ( ! inv5tion ( pr9t+1 on ,june #be?4 ,none :o h he>d ?is "w c =get ! fir/ impression produc$ :5 ! gr& in/rum5tal movem5ts ) :i* x comm5ces are m]g$ 9 ! maje/ic *orus1 ,all m51 all ?+s1 praise ye ! ,"l1 or ! int5sely dramatic effect ( ! repeat$ t5or cry1 ,wat*man1 w ! night soon pass8 answ]$ at la/ by ! cle> soprano message ( glad tid+s1 ,! night is dep>t+1 ! day is at h&6 ,?is wat*man episode 0 add$ "s "t aft]w>d1 &1 z he told a fri5d1 0 sugge/$ to ! compos] dur+ ! we>y h\rs ( a long sleepless night1 :5 ! words1 ,w ! night soon pass8 aga9 & aga9 seem$ to be repeat$ to him4 ,b a great] "w ev5 ?an ?is 0 n[ 9 progress2 ! ,elijah _h be5 begun4 ,9 #ahda began a tr\blesome & h>ass+ connection ) ,b]l91 a city :]e1 except 9 8 home life1 ,m5delssohn nev] seems to h be5 v =tunate4 ,at ! urg5t entreaty ( ! k+1 he w5t to reside !re z head ( ! new ,musical ,academy4 ,b disagreem5ts arose1 & he did n long take an active "p 9 ! managem5t4 ,! k+1 h[ev]1 0 v anxi\s to reta9 8 s]vices1 & a sort ( g5]al (fice seems to h be5 creat$ = him1 ! duties ( :i* 7 to supply music = any dramatic works :i* ! k+ took x into 8 head to h s embelli%$4 ,&1 ?\gh x is to ?is t we owe ! noble ,antigone1 ,o$ipus1 ,a?alie1 ,midsumm] ,night's ,dream1 & o!r music1 ?is "w to dictation 0 v worry+1 & "o _c ?9k )\t impati5ce ( ! annoyances to :i* he 0 subject$4 ,! k+ c\ld n und]/& :y he %rank f writ+ music to ! *oruses ( s*ylus's ,eum5ides4 ,o!r compos]s w\ld d x by ! y>d1 :y n he8 ,pass+ rapidly ov] ! int]v5+ ye>s fill$ ) busy "w1 bo? 9 composition & z "o ( ! pr9cipals ( a newly />t$ ,cons]vatorium 9 ,leipsic1 we come to #ahdf1 :5 8 great "w ,elijah 0 at la/ complet$ & p]=m$4 ,on ,augu/ #bf?1 at ! ,birm+ham ,fe/ival1 ! p]=mance w5t spl5didly4 ,/audigl took ! "p ( ! prophet1 & a "y t5or1 ,lockey1 sang ! air1 ,!n %all ! righte\s1 9 ! la/ "p1 z ,m5delssohn says1 s v beautifully1 t ,i 0 oblig$ to collect myself to prev5t my be+ ov]come1 & to enable me to beat "t /eadily4 ,r>ely1 inde$1 has a compos] s truly realiz$ 8 own conception z ,m5delssohn did 9 ! great tone-picture :i* he drew ( ! ,prophet ( ,c>mel & ! wild]ness4 ,i figur$ to myself1 he says1 ,elijah z a gr&1 mighty prophet1 su* z might aga9 reappe> 9 our own day1 en]getic & zeal\s1 /]n1 wra?ful1 & gloomy1 a /rik+ contra/ to ! c\rt myrmidons & popul> rabble--9 fact1 9 opposition to ! :ole _w1 & yet borne on angel's w+s6 ,no?+ c be f9] ?an ?is1 ) t exquisite t\* 9 ! la/ words1 9 opposition to ! :ole _w1 & yet borne on angel's w+s4 ,aft] return+ to ,g]many he 0 soon busily employ$ 9 reca/+ "s portions ( ,elijah ) :i* he 0 n satisfi$2 he _h also ano!r oratorio on ev5 a gr&] scale1 ,*ri/us1 already comm5c$2 & at la/1 aft] all 8 life-long seek+ 9 va9 = a good libretto = an op]a1 he _h begun to set "o writt5 by ,geibel1 ! ,g]man poet1 ,loreley1 to music4 ,b 8 fri5ds n[ notic$ h[ worn & we>y he us$ (t5times to look1 & h[ /rangely irritable he frequ5tly 01 & !re c h>dly be a d\bt t "s =m ( ! c]ebral disease f :i* 8 fa!r & sev]al ( 8 relations _h di$1 0 already1 deep-seat$ & obscure1 disquiet+ him4 ,! sudd5 ann\ncem5t ( ! dea? ( 8 si/]1 ,fanny ,h5sel1 h]self a musical g5ius1 to :om he 0 v fondly atta*$1 on 8 return to ,frank=t f 8 la/ visit to ,engl& 9 ,may1 #ahdg1 t]ribly affect$ him4 ,he fell to ! gr\nd ) a l\d %riek1 & x 0 long be=e he recov]$ consci\sness4 ,inde$1 x may be said t he nev] really recov]$ f ?is %ock4 ,9 ! summ] he w5t ) 8 wife & *ildr51 & 9 company ) 8 bro!r ,paul & 8 family1 on a t\r 9 ,switz]l&1 :]e he hop$ t complete idl5ess z reg>ds music1 life 9 ! op5 air1 sket*+1 & int]c\rse ) *os5 fri5ds1 might once m give /r5g? to 8 enfeebl$ n]ves4 ,& = a "t ! beauty ( ! m\nta9s & ! lakes seem$ to br+ him re/1 & aga9 he began to "w at 8 oratorio ,*ri/us2 b /ill 8 fri5ds cont9u$ anxi\s ab\t him4 ,he look$ brok5 d[n & ag$1 a con/ant agitation seem$ to possess him1 & ! lea/ ?+ w\ld (t5 /rangely affect & upset him4 ,9 ,septemb] he return$ to ,leipsic2 he 0 !n m *e]ful1 & able to talk ab\t music & to write1 al?\gh he c\ld n resume ! conductor%ip ( ! ,gew&haus conc]ts4 ,he aga9 _h projects 9 view4 ,j5ny ,l9d 0 to s+ 9 8 ,elijah1 at ,vi5na1 :i!r he w\ld g & conduct1 & he 0 ab\t to publi% "s new songs4 ,"o day 9 ,octob] he w5t to call ^u 8 fri5d1 ,madame ,frege1 a gift$ lady :o1 he said1 sang 8 songs bett] ?an anyone else1 to consult h] ab\t "s new songs4 ,%e sang !m ov] to him sev]al times1 & !n1 z x 0 gett+ d>k1 %e w5t out ( ! room = a few m9utes to ord] lights4 ,:5 %e return$ he 0 ly+ on ! s(a1 %iv]+ ) cold1 & 9 agoniz+ pa94 ,lee*es 7 appli$1 & he p>tially recov]$2 b ano!r attack foll[$1 & ?is 0 ! la/4 ,,franz ,,liszt ,by ,rev4 ,,hugh ,r4 ,,haweis1 ,m4,a4 7#ahaa-ahhf7 ,illu/ration3 ,liszt4 ,franz ,liszt 0 born 9 #ahaa4 ,he _h ! hot ,hung>ian blood ( 8 fa!r1 ! f]vid ,g]man _s ( 8 "m1 & he inh]it$ ! l(ty indep5d5ce1 ) none ( ! class prejudices1 ( ! old ,hung>ian nobility f :i* he sprang4 ,liszt's fa!r1 ,adam1 e>n$ a mode/ livelihood z ag5t & acc\ntant 9 ! h\se ( ,c\nt ,e/]hazy4 ,9 t great musical family1 insep>ably associat$ ) ! names ( ,haydn & ,s*ub]t1 ,adam ,liszt _h frequ5t opportunities ( meet+ di/+ui%$ musicians4 ,! pr9ce's private b& _h ris5 to public fame "u ! in/ruction ( ! v5]able ,haydn himself4 ,! ,liszts1 fa!r & son1 (t5 w5t to ,eis5/adt1 :]e ! c\nt liv$2 !re !y rubb$ elb[s ) ,*]ub9i & ,hummel1 a pupil ( ,moz>t4 ,franz took to music f 8 e>lie/ *ildhood4 ,:5 ab\t five ye>s old he 0 ask$ :at he w\ld l to d4 ,le>n ! piano1 said ! little fell[4 ,soon aft]w>d 8 fa!r ask$ him :at he w\ld l to be2 ! *ild po9t$ to a pr9t ( ,bee?ov5 hang+ on ! wall1 & said1 ,l him4 ,long be=e 8 feet c\ld rea* ! p$als or 8 f+]s /ret* an octave1 ! boy sp5t all 8 sp>e "t /rumm+1 mak+ :at he call$ clangs1 *ords & modulations4 ,he ma/]$ scales & ex]cises )\t difficulty4 ,cz]ny at once took to ,liszt1 b refus$ to take any?+ = 8 in/ruction4 ,sali]i 0 also fasc9at$1 & in/ruct$ him 9 h>mony2 & =tunate x 0 t ,liszt began 8 c\rse "u two /rict m5tors4 ,he soon began to res5t ,cz]ny's me?od--?\ght he knew bett] & ne$$ n ^? dry /udies ( ,clem5ti & t irksome f+]+ by rule--he c\ld f+] any?+ 9 a half-a-doz5 diff]5t ways4 ,!re 0 a mom5t :5 x seem$ t ma/] & pupil w\ld h to "p1 b timely concessions to g5ius pav$ ! way to dutiful submission1 & ye>s aft]w>d ! great ma/] d$icat$ to ! rigid discipl9>ian ( 8 boyhood 8 ,v+t-quatre ,gr&es tudes 9 affectionate remembrance4 ,su* a light z ,liszt's c\ld n be long hid2 all ,vi5na1 9 #ahbb1 0 talk+ ( ! wond]ful boy4 ,e/ deus 9 nobis1 wrote ! pap]s1 pr(anely4 ,! little ,h]cules1 ! "y giant1 ! boy virtuoso f ! cl\ds1 7 among ! epi!ts co9$ to celebrate 8 m>vell\s r5d]+s ( ,hummel's ,conc]to 9 ,a1 & a free ,fantasia ( 8 own4 ,! ,vi5na ,conc]t ,hall 0 cr[d$ to he> him1 & ! o!r illu/ri\s arti/s--!n1 z inde$ !y h be5 ev] s9ce =c$ to d :]ev] ,liszt appe>$--effac$ !mselves ) z good a grace z !y c\ld4 ,x is a rem>kable tribute to ! g5]\s nature z well z to ! consummate ability ( ,liszt1 t1 :ile oppos+ p>tisans h f\ght bitt]ly ov] him--,?alb]gites1 ,h]zites1 ,m5delssohnites v]sus ,lisztites--yet few ( ! great arti/s :o h1 "o aft] ano!r1 _h to yield to him 9 popul>ity h d5i$ to him _! admiration1 :ile mo/ ( !m h giv5 him _! fri5d%ip4 ,liszt e>ly woo$1 & e>ly won ,vi5na4 ,he spoke ev] ( 8 de> ,vi5nese1 & _! res\nd+ city4 ,a conc]t t\r on 8 way to ,p>is br\ght him be=e ! critical public ( ,/uttg>t & ,muni*4 ,hummel1 an old man1 & ,mos*eles1 !n 9 8 prime1 he>d him & decl>$ t 8 play+ 0 equal to !irs4 ,b ,liszt 0 b5t ^u complet+ 8 /udies 9 ! celebrat$ s*ool ( ! ,fr5* capital1 & at ! feet ( ! old musical dictator1 ,*]ub9i4 ,! ,er>ds1 :o 7 de/9$ to owe s mu* to ,liszt1 & to :om ,liszt ?r\gh\t 8 c>e] ow$ s mu*1 at once provid$ him ) a magnific5t piano2 b ,*]ub9i put 9 =ce a c]ta9 by-law ( ! ,cons]vatoire exclud+ =eign]s1 & exclud$ ,franz ,liszt4 ,?is 0 a bitt] pill to ! eag] /ud5t4 ,he h>dly knew h[ little he requir$ su* patronage4 ,9 a v %ort "t le petit ,liszt 0 ! great ,p>is s5sation4 ,! old noblesse tri$ to spoil him ) flatt]y1 ! ,du*esse de ,b]ri drugg$ him ) bonbons1 ! ,duke ( ,orleans call$ him ! little ,moz>t4 ,he gave private conc]ts1 at :i* ,h]z1 ,mos*eles1 ,lafont1 & ,de ,b]iot1 assi/$4 ,ross9i w\ld sit by 8 side at ! piano1 & applaud4 ,he 0 a miracle4 ,! company nev] tir$ ( extoll+ 8 n]ve1 f\gue et orig9alit1 :ile ! ladies :o pett$ & c>ess$ him aft] ea* p]=mance1 7 delight$ at 8 simple & graceful c>riage1 ! elegance ( 8 language1 & ! p]fect bre$+ & propriety ( 8 demeanor4 ,he 0 only twelve :5 he play$ = ! fir/ "t at ! ,italian ,op]a1 & "o ( ^? s+ul> incid5ts :i* rem9d "o ( ,pagan9i's triumphs occurr$4 ,at ! close ( a bravura cad5za1 ! b& =got to come 91 s absorb$ 7 ! musicians 9 wat*+ ! "y prodigy4 ,_! failure 0 wor? a doz5 successes to ,liszt4 ,! ball ( ! m>vell\s 0 fairly set roll+4 ,gall1 ! inv5tor ( phr5ology1 took a ca/ ( ! little ,liszt's skull2 ,talma1 ! trag$ian1 embrac$ him op5ly ) effusion2 & ! misan?ropic ,m>quis de ,noailles became 8 m5tor1 & initiat$ him into ! art ( pa9t+4 ,9 #ahbd ,liszt1 !n ?irte5 ye>s old1 came ) 8 fa!r to ,engl&2 8 "m return$ to ,au/ria4 ,he w5t d[n to ,w9dsor to see ,george ,,iv41 :o 0 delight$ ) him1 & ,liszt1 speak+ ( him to me1 said3 ,i 0 v "y at ! "t1 b ,i rememb] ! k+ v well--a f9e1 pomp\s-look+ g5tleman4 ,george ,,iv4 w5t to ,drury ,lane on purpose to he> ! boy1 & comm&$ an encore4 ,liszt 0 also he>d 9 ! !atre at ,man*e/]1 & 9 sev]al private h\ses4 ,on 8 return to ,france1 p notic$ a *ange 9 him4 ,he 0 n[ f\rte51 grave1 s]i\s1 (t5 pre-occupi$1 already a little tir$ ( praise1 & excessively tir$ ( be+ call$ le petit ,liszt4 ,8 vision began to take a wid] sweep4 ,! relation betwe5 art & religion ex]cis$ him4 ,8 m9d 0 naturally dev\t4 ,?omas ,kempis 0 8 con/ant companion4 ,rejoice 9 no?+ b a good de$2 ,?r\gh labor to re/1 ?r\gh combat to victory2 ,! glory :i* m5 give & take is transitory1 ^! & l phrases 7 already deeply engrav5 on ! fle%ly tablets ( 8 he>t4 ,amid all 8 gl[+ triumphs he 0 develop+ a curi\s dis9cl9ation to appe> 9 public2 he seem$ to ye>n = solitude & m$itation4 ,9 #ahbg he aga9 hurri$ to ,engl& = a %ort "t1 b 8 fa!r's sudd5 illness drove !m to ,b\logne1 :]e1 9 8 =ty-sev5? ye>1 di$ ,adam ,liszt1 leav+ ! "y ,franz = ! fir/ "t 9 8 life1 at ! e>ly age ( sixte51 unprotect$ & alone4 ,r\s+ himself f ! bodily pro/ration & torpor ( grief into :i* he _h be5 ?r[n by ! dea? ( 8 fa!r1 ,franz1 ) admirable en]gy & t high s5se ( honor :i* always di/+ui%$ him1 began to set 8 h\se 9 ord]4 ,he call$ 9 all 8 debts1 sold 8 magnific5t gr& ,er>d1 & left ,b\logne = ,p>is ) a heavy he>t & a light pocket1 b n ow+ a s\4 ,he s5t = 8 "m1 & = ! next twelve ye>s1 #ahbh-ahdj1 ! two liv$ toge!r1 *iefly 9 ,p>is4 ,!re1 z a *ild1 he _h be5 a n9e days' wond]1 b ! solidity ( 8 reputation 0 n[ de/9$ to g h& 9 h& ) 8 /ormy & int]rupt$ m5tal & moral developm5t4 ,su* a plant c\ld n come to maturity all at once4 ,no draw+-room or conc]t-room success satisfi$ a he>t = :i* ! _w ( human emotion seem$ too small1 & an intellect pi]c+ ) intuitive intellig5ce into ! cle>-obscure dep?s ( religion & philosophy4 ,b ,franz 0 "y1 & ,franz 0 poor1 & 8 "m _h to be support$4 ,%e 0 8 fir/ c>e4 ,sy/ematically1 he labor$ to put by a sum :i* w\ld assure h] ( a compet5cy1 & (t5 ) 8 t5d] g5ial smile he w\ld rem9d h] ( 8 own *ildi% words1 ,god w help me to repay y = all t y h done = me4 ,/ill he labor$1 (t5 woefully aga9/ ! gra94 ,pov]ty1 he writes1 t old m$iator betwe5 man & evil1 tore me f my solitude devot$ to m$itation1 & plac$ me be=e a public on :om n only my own b my own "m's exi/5ce dep5d$4 ,"y & ov]-/ra9$1 ,i suff]$ pa9fully "u ! contact ) ext]nal ?+s :i* my vocation z a musician br\ght ) x1 & :i* w\nd$ me all ! m int5sely t my he>t at ?is "t 0 fill$ entirely ) ! my/ical feel+s ( love & religion4 ,illu/ration3 ,franz ,liszt4 ,( c\rse ! gift$ "y piani/'s connection grew rapidly4 ,he got 8 tw5ty francs a lesson at ! be/ h\ses2 he 0 naturally a welcome gue/1 & f ! fir/ seem$ to h ! run ( high ,p>isian society4 ,8 life 0 fev]i%1 8 activity irregul>1 8 heal? f> f /rong2 b ! vulg> temptations ( ! gay capital seem$ to h little attraction = 8 noble nature4 ,8 he>t rema9$ unspoil$4 ,he 0 mo/ g5]\s to ^? :o c\ld n af=d to pay = 8 lessons1 mo/ pitiful to ! poor1 mo/ dutiful & affectionate to 8 "m4 ,com+ home late f "s gr& ent]ta9m5t1 he w\ld sit outside on ! /aircase till morn+1 soon] ?an awak51 or p]haps al>m1 h] by lett+ himself 94 ,b 9 los+ 8 fa!r he seem$ to h lo/ a c]ta9 me?od & ord]4 ,8 meals 7 irregul>1 s 7 8 lessons2 m s 7 ! h\rs devot$ to sleep4 ,at ?is "t he 0 h>dly tw5ty2 we are n surpris$ anon to he> 9 8 own words1 ( a female =m *a/e1 & pure z ! alaba/] ( holy vessel1 b he adds3 ,su* 0 ! sacrifice :i* ,i (f]$ ) te>s to ! ,god ( ,*ri/ians6 ,i w expla94 ,mlle4 ,c>ol9e ,/4 ,cricq 0 j sev5te51 li!1 sl5d]1 & ( angelic beauty1 ) a complexion l a lily flu%$ ) roses1 op51 impressionable to beauty1 to ! _w1 to religion1 to ,god4 ,! c\ntess1 h] "m1 appe>s to h be5 a *>m+ woman1 v p>tial to ,liszt1 :om %e engag$ to in/ruct ,mademoiselle 9 music4 ,! lessons w5t n by "t1 b by incl9ation4 ,! "y man's eloqu5ce1 v>i$ k1 ard5t love ( lit]ature1 & fla%+ g5ius won bo? ! "m & daught]4 ,n "o ( !m seem$ to suspect ! :irlpool ( grief & dea? to :i* !y 7 hurry+4 ,! c\ntess fell ill & di$1 b n be=e %e _h recomm5d$ ,liszt to ! ,c\nt ,/4 ,cricq z a possible suitor = ! h& ( ,mademoiselle4 ,! haughty diplomat1 ,/4 ,cricq1 at once put 8 foot d[n4 ,! fun]al ov]1 ,liszt's movem5ts 7 wat*$4 ,!y 7 innoc5t en\gh4 ,he 0 already an enfant de la maison1 b "o night he l+]$ read+ al\d "s favorite au?or to ,mademoiselle a little too late4 ,he 0 report$ by ! s]vants1 & receiv$ 8 polite dismissal z music ma/]4 ,9 an int]view ) ! c\nt 8 own pride 0 deeply w\nd$4 ,diff]5ce ( rank6 said ! c\nt4 ,t 0 q en\gh = ,liszt4 ,he rose1 pale z dea?1 ) quiv]+ lip1 b utt]$ n a ^w4 ,z a man ( honor he _h b "o c\rse4 ,he & ,c>ol9e p>t$ =ev]4 ,%e contract$ lat] an uncong5ial m>riage2 he seems to h turn$ ) int5se ardor to religion4 ,8 good "m us$ to compla9 to ^? :o came to inquire = him t he 0 all day long 9 *ur*1 & _h ceas$ to occupy himself1 z he %\ld1 ) music4 ,x 0 t[>d ! close ( #ahca t ,liszt met ,*op9 9 ,p>is4 ,f ! fir/1 ^! two m51 s diff]5t1 became fa/ fri5ds4 ,*op9's delicate1 retir+ s\l f\nd a s+ul> delight 9 ,liszt's /rong & impos+ p]sonality4 ,liszt's exquisite p]ception enabl$ him p]fectly to live 9 ! /range dreaml& ( ,*op9's fancies1 :ile 8 own vigor inspir$ ,*op9 ) n]ve to conceive ^? mighty ,polonaises t he c\ld nev] prop]ly play himself1 & :i* he s gladly committ$ to ! keep+ ( 8 prodigi\s fri5d4 ,liszt und]took ! task ( int]pret+ ,*op9 to ! mix$ cr[ds :i* he revell$ 9 subdu+1 b f :i* 8 fa/idi\s & delicately /rung fri5d %rank ) some?+ l av]sion4 ,f ,*op91 ,liszt & all ! _w aft] him got t tempo rubato1 t play+ ) ! duration ( notes )\t break+ ! "t1 & ^? arabesque ornam5ts :i* are wov5 l f9e embroid]y all ab\t ! pages ( ,*op9's nocturnes1 & lift :at 9 o!rs are m]e casual fl\ri%es into ! dignity ( int]pretative phrases & poetic comm5t>ies on ! text4 ,p 7 fond ( comp>+ ! two "y m5 :o s (t5 appe>$ 9 ! same salons toge!r--,liszt ) 8 f9ely %ap$1 long1 oval head & pr(il d'ivoire1 set pr\dly on 8 %\ld]s1 8 /iff hair ( d>k blonde ?r[n back f ! =ehead )\t a p>t+1 & cut 9 a /raight l9e1 8 aplomb1 8 magnific5t & c\rtly be>+1 8 ready tongue1 8 fla%+ wit & f9e irony1 8 g5ial bonhomie & irresi/ibly w9n+ smile2 & ,*op91 also1 ) d>k blonde hair1 b s(t z silk1 p>t$ on "o side1 to use ,liszt's own words1 ,an angel ( fair c\nt5ance1 ) br[n eyes f :i* intellect beam$ r ?an burn$2 a g5tle1 ref9$ smile1 slightly aquil9e nose2 a delici\s1 cle>1 almo/ diaphan\s complexion1 all be>+ witness to ! h>mony ( a s\l :i* requir$ no comm5t>y beyond itself4 ,no?+ c be m g5]\s or m true ?an ,liszt's recognition ( ,*op9's indep5d5t support4 ,to our endeavors1 he says1 to our /ruggles1 j !n s mu* ne$+ c]ta9ty1 he l5t u ! support ( a calm1 un%akable conviction1 equally arm$ aga9/ apa?y & cajol]y4 ,!re 0 only "o picture on ! walls ( ,*op9's room2 x hung j above 8 piano4 ,x 0 a head ( ,liszt4 ,x is no "p ( my pres5t s*eme to describe ! battle :i* romanticism 9 music wag$ aga9/ ! preval5t conv5tionalities4 ,we "k ! g5]al outcome ( ! /ruggle culm9at+1 aft] ! mo/ prodigi\s arti/ic convulsions1 9 ! musical supremacy ( ,ri*>d ,wagn]1 :o c]ta9ly m>ks firmly & broadly en\gh ! greate/ /ride 9 musical developm5t made s9ce ,bee?ov54 ,9 #ahdb ,liszt visit$ ,weim>1 ,b]l91 & !n w5t to ,p>is2 he 0 m$itat+ a t\r 9 ,russia4 ,press+ invitations rea*$ him f ,/4 ,pet]sburg & ,mosc[4 ,! mo/ fabul\s acc\nts ( 8 virtuosity _h rais$ expectation to its highe/ pit*4 ,he 0 z leg5d>y ev5 among ! common p z ,pagan9i4 ,8 fir/ conc]t at ,/4 ,pet]sburg realiz$ ! !n unhe>d-( sum ( #b1jjj4 ,! roads 7 cr[d$ to see him pass1 & ! corridors & approa*es to ! ,gr& ,op]a block$ to cat* a glimpse ( him4 ,! same sc5es 7 repeat$ at ,mosc[1 :]e he gave six conc]ts )\t exhau/+ ! popul> excitem5t4 ,on 8 return to ,weim> he accept$ ! po/ ( ,capellmei/] to ! ,gr& ,duke4 ,x provid$ him ) t settl$ abode1 & above all ) an or*e/ra1 :i* he n[ felt s indisp5sable to meet 8 gr[+ passion = or*e/ral composition4 ,b ! "t ( re/ _h n yet come4 ,9 #ahdd & #ahde he 0 receiv$ 9 ,spa9 & ,portugal ) incr$ible en?usiasm1 aft] :i* he return$ to ,bonn to assi/ at ! inauguration ( ,bee?ov5's /atue4 ,) b\ndless lib]ality1 he _h subscrib$ m money ?an all ! pr9ces & p ( ,g]many put toge!r1 to make ! /atue wor?y ( ! occasion & ! occasion wor?y ( ! /atue4 ,! gold5 riv] :i* p\r$ into him f all ! capitals ( ,europe n[ freely f\nd a new v5t 9 b\ndless g5]osity4 ,hospitals1 poor & ne$y1 patriotic celebrations1 ! dignity & int]e/s ( art1 7 all subsidiz$ f 8 private purse4 ,8 transc5d5t virtuosity 0 only equall$ by 8 spl5did munific5ce2 b he f\nd--:at o!rs h s (t5 exp]i5c$--t great p]sonal gifts & prodigi\s clat _c possibly escape ! poison ( envy & detraction4 ,he 0 attack$ by calumny2 8 gifts d5i$ & ridicul$2 8 munific5ce ascrib$ to va+lory1 & 8 *>ity to pride & o/5tation2 yet none w ev] "k ! ext5t ( 8 private *>ities1 & no "o :o kn[s any?+ ( ,liszt c be ignorant ( ! simple1 unaffect$ goodness ( he>t :i* prompt$ !m4 ,/ill he 0 w\nd$ by +ratitude & abuse4 ,x seem$ to *eck & p>alyze = ! mom5t 8 g5]\s nature4 ,ftis saw him at ,cobl5z soon aft] ! ,bonn fe/ival1 at :i* he _h exp5d$ su* va/ sums4 ,he 0 sitt+ alone1 deject$ & out ( heal?4 ,he said he 0 sick ( ev]y?+1 tir$ ( life1 & ne>ly ru9$4 ,b t mood nev] la/$ long ) ,liszt2 he soon arose & %ook himself l a lion4 ,8 detractors slunk away into _! holes1 & he walk$ =? victori\s to refill 8 empty purse & reap new laurels4 ,8 c>e] 0 int]rupt$ by ! /ormy ev5ts ( #ahdh4 ,he settl$ d[n = a "t at ,weim>1 & x 0 !n t he began to take t w>m int]e/ 9 ,ri*>d ,wagn] :i* end$ 9 ! close/ & mo/ endur+ ( fri5d%ips4 ,he labor$ incessantly to get a he>+ = ! ,loh5gr9 & ,tannhus]4 ,he =c$ ,wagn]'s compositions on ! b&1 on ! gr&-duke2 he brea/$ public opposition & f\ght nobly = ! ecc5tric & obscure p]son :o 0 *iefly kn[n z a political outlaw & an inv5tor ( extravagant compositions :i* x 0 impossible to play or s+1 & odi\sly unpleasant to li/5 to4 ,b ye>s ( fai?ful s]vice1 ma9ly ! s]vice & imm5se pre/ige & au?ority ( ,liszt1 procur$ ,wagn] a he>+1 & pav$ ! way = 8 glori\s triumphs at ,bayreu? 9 #ahgf1 #ahhb1 & #ahhc4 ,i h pref]r$ to conf9e myself 9 ?is article to ! p]sonality ( ,liszt1 & h made no allusion to 8 or*e/ral works & oratorio compositions4 ,! ,symphonic ,poems speak = !mselves--magnific5t r5d]+s ( ! inn] life ( spontane\s emotion--b subject-matt] :i* calls = a special article c f9d no place at ! fag-end ( ?is1 & at all times x is bett] to he> music ?an to describe x4 ,z x w\ld be impossible to describe ,liszt's or*e/ration intelligibly to ^? :o h n he>d x1 & unnecess>y to ^? :o h1 ,i w simply leave x alone4 ,i saw ,liszt b six times1 & !n only betwe5 ! ye>s #ahgf & #ahha4 ,i he>d him play ^u two occasions only1 & !n he play$ c]ta9 pieces ( ,*op9 at my reque/ & a new composition by himself4 ,i h he>d ,mme ,s*umann1 ,bl[1 ,rub5/e91 ,m5t]1 & ,esip(f1 b ,i c und]/& t say+ ( ,tausig1 himself "o ( ! greate/ ma/]s ( te*nique :om ,g]many has ev] produc$3 ,no mortal c measure himself ) ,liszt4 ,he dwells alone ^u a solit>y height4 ,,ri*>d ,,wagn] ,by ,,frankl9 ,,pet]son1 ,mus4 ,bac4 7#ahac-ahhc7 ,illu/ration3 ,wagn]4 ,ri*>d ,wagn]'s p]sonality has be5 s ov]%ad[$ by & almo/ m]g$ 9 ! great controv]sy :i* 8 s*emes ( re=m 9 op]a rais$1 t 8 life & "* are (t5 n[ sorely misjudg$--j z 8 music long 0--by ^? :o h n ! "t1 ! incl9ation1 or ! ability to und]/& ! facts & ! issues4 ,be=e briefly /at+ !n ! !ories he prop\nd$ & _! developm5t1 z %[n 9 successive music dramas1 x w be well to summ>ize ! /ory ( a life 7#ahac-hc7 dur+ :i* he 0 call$ to endure s mu* vicissitude1 trial & temptation1 suff]+ & defeat4 ,born 9 ,leipsic1 on ,may #bb1 #ahac1 ! y\nge/ ( n9e *ildr51 ,wilhelm ,ri*>d 0 only five mon?s old :5 8 fa!r di$4 ,8 "m's second m>riage entail$ a removal to ,dresd51 :]e1 at ! ,kreuzs*ule1 "y ,wagn] receiv$ an excell5t lib]al education4 ,at ! age ( ?irte5 ! b5t ( 8 ta/e1 z well z 8 dilig5ce1 0 %[n by 8 translation 7out ( s*ool h\rs7 ( ! fir/ twelve books ( ! ,odyssey4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> 8 passion = poetry f\nd expression 9 a gr& trag$y4 ,x 0 a mixture1 he says1 ( ,hamlet & ,le>4 ,=ty-two p]sons di$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! play1 &1 = want ( m *>act]s1 ,i _h to make "s ( !m reappe> z gho/s 9 ! la/ act4 ,web]1 :o 0 !n conductor ( ! ,dresd5 op]a1 seems to h attract$ ! boy bo? by 8 p]sonality & by 8 music2 b x 0 ,bee?ov5's music :i* gave him 8 real inspiration4 ,f #ahcj to #ahcc _m compositions aft] /&>d models are evid5ce ( h>d & sy/ematic "w & 9 #ahcc he began 8 long c>e] z an op]atic compos] ) ,die ,fe5 :i*1 h[ev]1 nev] rea*$ ! dignity ( p]=mance till #ahhh--;five ye>s aft] ,wagn]'s dea?4 ,aft] "s "t sp5t 9 v unremun]ative r\t9e "w 9 ,heidelb]g1 ,knigsb]g1 & ,riga 7:]e 9 #ahcf he m>ri$71 he resolv$1 9 #ahci1 to try 8 =tune 9 ,p>is ) ,ri5zi1 a new op]a1 writt5 on ! l9es ( ! ,p>is ,gr& ,op]a & ) all its great res\rces 9 view4 ,f ! mon?'s t]rific /orm 9 ! ,nor? ,sea1 ?r\gh :i* ! vessel /ruggl$ to its hav51 till ! spr+ ( #ahdb1 :5 ,wagn] left ,p>is ) ,ri5zi unp]=m$1 he>tsick ) hope def]r$1 8 lot 0 a h>d & bitt] "o4 ,b]lioz1 9 simil> /raits1 support$ himself by s++ 9 ! *orus ( a second-rate !atre4 ,wagn] 0 refus$ ev5 t humble po/4 ,9 #ahdb ,ri5zi 0 accept$ at ,dresd51 & its signal success l$ to 8 appo9tm5t z ,capellmei/] !re 7,janu>y1 #ahdc74 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> ! ,fly+ ,dut*man 0 n s en?usia/ically receiv$1 b x has s9ce easily di/anc$ ! e>li] "w 9 popul> favor4 ,! /ory 0 sugge/$ to 8 m9d dur+ ! /ormy voyage f ,riga2 & x is a rem>kable fact t ! wond]ful tone-picture ( ,norway's /orm-beat5 %ore 0 pa9t$ by "o :o1 till t voyage1 _h nev] set eyes on ! sea4 ,9 #ahde 8 new op]a1 ,tannhus]1 prov$ at fir/ a comp>ative failure4 ,! subject1 "o :i* _h be5 propos$ to ,web] 9 #ahad1 attract$ ,wagn] :ile he 0 9 ,p>is1 & dur+ 8 /udies = ! libretto he f\nd also ! fir/ sugge/ions ( ,loh5gr9 & ,p>sifal4 ,! tempor>y failure ( ! op]a l$ him to ! consid]ation & self-exam9ation :i* result$ 9 ! elaborate exposition ( 8 ideal 79 ,op]a & ,drama1 & _m o!r essays74 ,i saw a s+le possibility be=e me1 he writes1 to induce ! public to und]/& & p>ticipate 9 my aims z an arti/4 ,loh5gr9 0 f9i%$ e>ly 9 #ahdh1 & also ! poem ( ,siegfri$'s ,tod1 ! result ( ,wagn]'s /udies 9 ! old ,nibelung5 ,li$2 b a too w>m sympa?y ) "s ( ! aims ( ! revolution>y p>ty 7:i* reign$ = two %ort days beh9d ! /reet b>ricades 9 ,dresd51 ,may1 #ahdi7 r5d]$ 8 abs5ce f ,saxony advisable1 & a few days lat] news rea*$ him 9 ,weim> t a w>rant 0 issu$ = 8 arre/4 ,) a passport procur$ by ,liszt he fl$ across ! fronti]1 & = ne>ly twelve ye>s ! bitt]ness ( exile 0 add$ to ! h>d%ips ( pov]ty4 ,x is ?is p]iod :i* is ma9ly responsible = ,wagn]'s polemical writ+s1 s bit+ 9 _! s>casm1 & (t5 unfair 9 _! attacks4 ,he 0 a good hat]2 "o ( ! mo/ fi5di% pamphlets 9 exi/5ce is ! ,capitulation 7#ahga71 9 :i* ,wagn]1 safe f pov]ty 7?anks to ! k9dness ( ,liszt & ! munific5ce ( ,ludwig ,,ii41 ( ,bav>ia71 & ne>+ ! summit ( 8 ambition1 b rememb]+ only 8 mis=tunes & 8 slights1 gloat$ 9 public ov] ! horrors :i* 7 mak+ a hell ( ! faire/ city on e>?4 ,!re is excuse at lea/1 if n ju/ification1 to be f\nd = 8 attacks on ,mey]be] & o!rs2 !re are consid]ations to be tak5 into acc\nt :ile "o reads ) humiliation & pity ! correspond5ce betwe5 ,wagn] & 8 b5efactor1 ,liszt2 b x is sad t an affectionate1 humane1 int5sely human1 to say no?+ ( an arti/ic1 nature1 c\ld s blaspheme aga9/ ! fir/ pr9ciples ( humanity4 ,9 #aheb ! poem ( ! ,nibelung5 ,r+ ,trilogy 0 f9i%$4 ,9 #ahed ,rhe+old 7! introduction ( ,vorab5d7 0 ready1 & ,die ,walkre 7,"p ,i47 9 #ahef4 ,b tir$1 z he said1 ( heap+ "o sil5t score ^u ano!r1 he left ,siegfri$ unf9i%$1 & turn$ to ! /ory ( ,tri/an4 ,! poem 0 complet$ 9 #aheg1 & ! music two ye>s lat]4 ,at la/1 9 #ahfa1 he receiv$ p]mission to return to ,g]many1 & 9 ,vi5na he _h ! fir/ opportunity ( he>+ 8 own ,loh5gr94 ,= ?ree ye>s ! /ruggle ) =tune seems to h be5 h>d] ?an ev] be=e1 & ,wagn]1 9 brok5 heal?1 _h practically det]m9$ to give up ! unequal conte/1 :5 an invitation 0 s5t him by ,ludwig ,,ii41 ! "y ,k+ ( ,bav>ia--,come "h & f9i% y\r "w4 ,"h at la/ 0 salvation = ,wagn]1 & ! re/ ( 8 life 0 comp>atively smoo?4 ,9 #ahfe ,tri/an und ,isolde 0 p]=m$ at ,muni*1 & 0 foll[$ ?ree ye>s lat] by a comic op]a1 ,die ,mei/]s+]1 ! fir/ sket*es ( :i* date f #ahde4 ,siegfri$ 7,nibelung5 ,r+1 ,"p ,,ii47 0 complet$ 9 #ahfi1 & 9 ! foll[+ ye> ,wagn] m>ri$ ,cosima1 ! daught] ( ,liszt1 & =m]ly ! wife ( ,von ,bl[4 ,8 fir/ wife1 f :om he _h be5 sep>at$ 9 #ahfa1 di$ at ,dresd5 9 #ahff4 ,a !atre built some:]e (f ! ma9 l9es ( traffic1 & specially con/ruct$ = ! p]=mance ( ,wagn]'s lat] works1 mu/ h seem$ ! mo/ impracticable & vision>y ( proposals 9 #ahgj2 & yet1 *iefly ?r\gh ! unwe>y+ ex]tions ( ,c>l ,tausig 7&1 aft] 8 dea?1 ( ! v>i\s ,wagn] societies71 ! f\ndation-/one ( ! ,baireu? ,!atre 0 laid 9 #ahgb1 & 9 #ahgf1 two ye>s aft] ! completion ( ! ,gtt]dmm]ung 7,nibelung5 ,r+1 ,"p ,,iii471 x became an accompli%$ fact4 ,! fir/ "w giv5 0 ! entire ,trilogy2 & 9 ,july1 #ahhb1 ,wagn]'s long & /ormy c>e] 0 magnific5tly cr[n$ !re by ! fir/ p]=mance ( ,p>sifal4 ,a few weeks lat] 8 heal? %[$ signs ( giv+ way1 & he resolv$ to sp5d ! w9t] at ,v5ice4 ,!re he di$ sudd5ly1 ,febru>y #ac1 #ahhc1 & 0 buri$ 9 ! g>d5 ( 8 own h\se1 ,wahnfri$1 at ,baireu?4#ab ,footnote #ab3 ,our illu/ration repres5ts him at ,wahnfri$ 9 company ) 8 wife ,cosima1 h] fa!r ,franz ,liszt1 :o 0 8 lifelong fri5d1 & ,h]r von ,wolzog54 ,wagn]'s life & 8 individuality are ( unusual importance 9 rightly e/imat+ 8 "w1 because1 unlike ! o!r great ma/]s1 he n only devot$ all 8 g5ius to "o bran* ( music--! op]a--b he gradually evolv$ a !ory & an ideal :i* he consci\sly =mulat$ & adopt$1 & p]sev]+ly foll[$4 ,x may be ask$ :e!r ,wagn]'s premises 7 s\nd & 8 conclusions "r2 & also :e!r 8 g5ius 0 great en\gh to be ! wor?y *ampion ( a cause involv+ su* revolutions4 ,unless ,wagn]'s op]as1 consid]$ solely z music1 are n only m advanc$ 9 /yle1 b wor?y 9 !mselves to /& at lea/ on a level ) ! greate/ ef=ts ( 8 pr$ecessors1 no am\nt ( pro( t ^! 7 wrong & he "r w give 8 "n ! place 8 admir]s claim = x4 ,x is n[ univ]sally ackn[l$g$ t ,wagn] c only be comp>$ ) ! greate/ names 9 music4 ,8 in/rum5tation has ! advantage 9 be+ ! inh]itor ( ! enorm\s developm5t ( ! or*e/ra f ,haydn to ,b]lioz1 8 h>mony is z d>+ & orig9al z ,ba*'s1 & 8 melody is z beautiful z x is diff]5t f ,bee?ov5's or ,moz>t's4 7,^! names are us$ n 9 ord] to in/itute pr(itless comp>isons1 b z conv5i5t /&>ds2 !re=e ev5 a qualification ( ! /atem5t w n invalidate ! case47 ,illu/ration3 ,wagn] & 8 ,fri5ds4 ,8 aim 7/at$ v g5]ally7 0 to re=m ! :ole /ructure ( op]a1 us+ ! la/ or ,bee?ov5 developm5t ( in/rum5tal music z a basis1 & free+ x f ! fett]s :i* conv5tionality _h impos$1 9 ! %ape ( set =ms1 accept$ arrangem5ts1 & traditional concessions to a /yle ( s++ n[ happily almo/ ext9ct4 ,! "o canon 0 to be dramatic fitness4 ,9 ?is ,art ,"w ( ! ,future1 z he call$ x1 ! int]e/ ( ! drama is to dep5d n entirely on ! music1 b also on ! poem & on ! act+ & /ag+ z well4 ,x w be se5 t ,wagn]'s !ory is n new4 ,all or mo/ ( x is conta9$ 9 ! !ories ( ,gluck & o!rs1 :o at v>i\s p]iods 9 ! developm5t ( op]a consci\sly /rove aft] an ideal music drama4 ,b ! times 7 n ripe1 & !re=e su* music c\ld n ex]t its prop] influ5ce4 ,! tw9 arts ( music & poetry1 dissociat$ by ! rapid advance ( lit]ature & ! sl[ developm5t ( music1 pursu$ _! sev]al pa?s alone4 ,! attempt to reunite !m 9 ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury 0 futile1 & only l$ to op]a :i* nev] ne$$1 & !re=e did n employ1 great poetry4 ,9 ,g]many music 0 develop$ along in/rum5tal l9es until ! s*ool arriv$ at its culm9ation 9 ,bee?ov52 & :5 an op]a compos] /opp$ to ?9k on ! et]nal v]ities1 ! result mu/ always h be5 su* a prophecy ( ,wagn]'s "w z we f9d 9 ,moz>t's lett]s3 ,octob]1 #agha4--,v]se inde$ is indisp5sable = music1 b rhyme is bad 9 its v nature4444 ,x w\ld be by f> ! be/ if a good compos]1 und]/&+ ! !atre & kn[+ h[ to produce a piece1 & a clev] poet1 c\ld be unit$ 9 "o4444 ,o!r b comp>atively unimportant features 9 ! ,wagn] music drama are1 e4g41 ! use ( ! ,leitmotiv1 or lead+ motive--f\nd occasionally 9 ,gluck1 ,moz>t1 ,web]1 etc41 b "h fir/ adopt$ ) a def9ite purpose1 & ! cont5tion = my?ological r ?an hi/orical subjects--n[ l>gely admitt$4 ,b all ,wagn]'s pr9ciples w\ld h be5 useless )\t ! en]gy & p]sev]ance :i* direct$ 8 "w1 ! lov+ /udy :i* /or$ 8 memory ) all ! great works ( 8 pr$ecessors1 &1 above all1 ! g5ius :i* comm&s ! admiration ( ! musical _w4 ,wagn]'s works %[ a rem>kable & progressive developm5t4 ,ri5zi is q 9 ! gr& op]a /yle ( ,mey]be]1 ,spont9i1 etc4 ,! ,fly+ ,dut*man is a delib]ate dep>ture f t /yle1 & 9 romantic op]a /rikes out = itself a new l9e1 :i*1 foll[$ /ill fur!r 9 ,tannhus]1 rea*es its /age ( p]fection 9 ,loh5gr94 ,f ?is "t dates ! music drama1 ( :i* ,tri/an is ! mo/ uncompromis+ type1 & by virtue ( wond]ful or*e/ration1 & ! int5se pa?os ( ! beautifully writt5 poem1 ! mo/ fasc9at+ ( all4 ,! ,trilogy 7,walkre1 ,siegfri$1 ,gtt]dmm]ung1 ) ! ,rhe+old z introduction7 is a v unequal "w4 ,x is full ( ,wagn]'s mo/ inspir$ writ+ & mo/ m>vell\s or*e/ration2 b x is too long & too diffuse4 ,! plot also is /rangely confus$ & un9t]e/+1 & fails alike z a /ory & z a vehicle ( !ories1 morals1 or religion4 ,p>sifal1 ) its sacr$ allegory1 its l(ty nobility ( tone1 & its pure my/icism1 /&s on a plat=m by itself1 & is almo/ above criticism1 or praise1 or blame4 ,! libretto alone might h won ,wagn] immortality1 s orig9al is x & p]fect 9 int5tion2 & ! music seems to be no long] a m]e accessory to ! effect1 b ! v ess5ce & fragrance ( ! great conception4 ,,giuseppe ,,v]di 7,,born #ahac7 ,illu/ration3 ,v]di4 ,giuseppe ,v]di1 ! la/ & mo/ widely successful ( ! s*ool ( ,italian op]a prop]1 0 born at ,roncole1 ne> ,busseto1 ,octob] #i1 #ahac4 ,at t5 ye>s he 0 organi/ ( ! small *ur* 9 8 native village1 ! sal>y be+ rais$ aft] a ye> f #a #hs4 #aj;d4 to #a #abs4 p] annum4 ,at ! age ( sixte5 he 0 provid$ ) funds to prosecute 8 /udies at ! ,cons]vatorium at ,milan2 b at ! entrance exam9ation he %[$ s little evid5ce ( musical tal5t t ! au?orities decl9$ to enroll him4 ,no?+ daunt$1 he pursu$ 8 /udies ) ardor "u ,lavigna1 f #ahca to #ahcc1 :51 accord+ to agreem5t1 he return$ to ,busseto to take ! place ( 8 old tea*] ,provesi1 n[ deceas$4 ,aft] five unhappy ye>s 9 a t[n :]e he 0 little appreciat$1 ,v]di return$ to ,milan4 ,8 fir/ op]a1 ,ob]to1 is *iefly indebt$ to ,bell9i1 & ! next1 ,un ,giorno di ,regno 7:i* fulfill$ its own title1 z x 0 only once p]=m$71 has be5 /yl$ ,un ,baz> de ,rem9isc5ces4 ,poor ,v]di _h j lo/ 8 wife & two *ildr5 )9 a few days ( ea* o!r1 s x is h>dly to be wond]$ at t a comic op]a 0 n a v cong5ial "w1 nor successfully accompli%$4 ,nabucodonosor 7#ahdb7 0 8 fir/ hit1 & 9 ! next ye> ,i ,lomb>di 0 ev5 m successful--p>tly ow+ to ! revolution>y feel+ :i* 9 no small degree 0 to help him to 8 future high position4 ,inde$1 8 "n 0 a useful acro/ic to ! revolution>y p>ty1 :o %\t$ ,viva ,v]di1 :5 !y meant ,viva ,vittorio ,emanuele ,re ,d' ,italia4 ,ernani1 produc$ at ,v5ice 9 #ahdd1 also scor$ a success1 ow+ to ! republican s5tim5t 9 ! libretto1 :i* 0 adapt$ f ,victor ,hugo's ,h]nani4 ,_m works foll[$ 9 quick succession1 ea* ar\s+ ! en?usiasm ( ! audi5ces1 *iefly :5 an opportunity 0 af=d$ !m ( express+ _! feel+s aga9/ ! ,au/rian rule4 ,only ) 8 sixte5? op]a did ,v]di w9 ! supremacy :5 !re 7 no long] any liv+ competitors2 & ,rigoletto 7#ahea71 ,il ,trovatore1 & ,la ,traviata 7#ahec7 mu/ be call$ ! be/1 z !y are ! la/ ( ! ,italian op]a s*ool4 ,i ,vespri ,siciliani 7#ahee7 & ,simon ,boccanegra 7#aheg7 7 n s successful z ,un ,ballo 9 ,mas*]a 7#ahei72 & none ( !m1 any m ?an ,la ,=za del ,de/9o 7#ahfb7 or ,don ,c>los 7#ahfg71 add$ any?+ to ! fame ( ! compos] ( ,il ,trovatore4 ,only n[ beg9s ! int]e/ :i* ! /ud5t ( musical hi/ory f9ds 9 ,v]di's life4 ,hi!rto he _h prov$ a good man1 /ruggl+ ) adv]sity & pov]ty1 a successful compos] ambiti\s to succe$ to ! vacant ?rone ( ,italian op]a4 ,b ! ke5 insight into dramatic necessity :i* _h gradually develop$ & _h giv5 su* =ce to o!rwise unimportant sc5es 9 e>li] op]as1 also %[$ him ! insuffici5cy ( ! means hi!rto at ! disposal ( ,italian compos]s1 & f "t to "t he _h tri$ to le>n ! lessons taught 9 ! ,fr5* ,gr& ,op]a ,s*ool1 b ) poor success4 ,n[ a long] int]val seem$ to promise a m c>eful1 a m ambiti\s "w1 & :5 ,ada 0 produc$ at ,cairo 7#ahga71 x 0 at once ackn[l$g$ t a revolution _h tak5 place 9 ,v]di's m9d & me?od1 :i* might produce /ill great] results4 ,! influ5ce ( ,wagn] & ! music-drama is di/9ctly to be felt4 ,b ,v]di 0 app>5tly n yet satisfi$4 ,= sixte5 ye>s ! successful compos] ma9ta9$ absolute sil5ce 9 op]a1 :5 :isp]s ( a great music-drama r\s$ ! expectation ( musical ,europe to an extraord9>y pit*2 nor 7 ! highe/ expectations disappo9t$ :5 ,otello 0 produc$ at ,milan 9 #ahhg4 ,! surr5d] ( ,italian op]a 0 complete1 & ,v]di took 8 "r place at ! head ( ! vigor\s new s*ool :i* has aris5 9 ,italy1 & :i* promises to rega9 = ! ,l& ( ,song "s ( h] anci5t preem95ce 9 music4 ,a comic op]a by ,v]di1 ,fal/aff1 0 ann\nc$ 9 #ahib3 x has well su/a9$ 8 previ\s reputation4 ,,dramatic ,,& ,,lyric ,,arti/s ,,david ,,g>rick ,by ,,samuel ,,ar*] 7#agaf-aggi7 ,?is celebrat$ actor 0 ! son ( ,pet] ,g>rick1 :o _h a capta9's commission 9 ! army1 b :o g5]ally resid$ at ,li*field4 ,he 0 born at ,h]e=d1 :5 8 fa!r 0 on a recruit+ p>ty !re1 & 0 baptiz$ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,all-,sa9ts1 9 t city1 on ,febru>y #bj1 #agaf4 ,"y ,g>rick receiv$ "p ( 8 education at ! gramm> s*ool !re1 b he did n apply himself to 8 books ) mu* assiduity4 ,he _h conceiv$ a v e>ly passion = !atrical repres5tation1 f :i* no?+ c\ld turn him aside4 ,:5 he 0 a little m ?an elev5 ye>s ( age1 he =m$ ! project ( gett+ a play act$ by "y g5tlem5 & ladies4 ,aft] he _h made "s trial ( 8 own & 8 companions' abilities1 & prevail$ ^u ! p>5ts to give _! cons5t1 he pit*$ ^u ! ,recruit+ ,(fic]1 = ! play4 ,he assembl$ 8 little company 9 a l>ge room1 ! de/9$ place ( repres5tation4 ,!re we may suppose our "y boy di/ribut$ ! sev]al *>act]s accord+ to ! m]its ( ! p]=m]4 ,he prevail$ on "o ( 8 si/]s to play ! "p ( ! *amb]maid4 ,s]geant ,kite1 a "* ( busy intrigue & bold humor1 he *ose = himself4 ,illu/ration3 ,g>rick4 ,! play 0 act$ 9 a mann] s f> above ! expectation ( ! audi5ce1 t x gave g5]al satisfaction1 & 0 mu* applaud$4 ,! ease1 vivacity1 & humor ( ,kite are /ill rememb]$ ) pleasure at ,li*field4 ,! fir/ /age attempt ( our ,engli% ,roscius 0 9 #agbg4 ,n long aft]1 he 0 invit$ to ,lisbon by an uncle1 :o 0 a consid]able w9e m]*ant 9 t city1 b 8 /ay !re 0 v %ort1 = he return$ to ,li*field ! ye> foll[+4 ,x is imag9$ t ! gay disposition ( ! "y g5tleman 0 n v suitable to ! old man's temp]1 :i* 01 p]haps1 too grave & au/]e to reli% ! vivacities ( 8 nephew4 ,h[ev]1 dur+ 8 %ort /ay at ,lisbon1 "y ,g>rick made himself agreeable to all :o knew him1 p>ticul>ly to ! ,engli% m]*ants :o resid$ !re1 ) :om he (t5 d9$4 ,aft] d9n] !y usually div]t$ !mselves by plac+ him ^u ! table1 & call+ ^u him to repeat v]ses & spee*es f plays1 :i* he did ) great read9ess1 & mu* to ! satisfaction ( ! he>]s4 ,"s ,portuguese "y g5tlem5 ( ! highe/ rank1 :o 7 ( 8 own age1 7 also mu* delight$ ) 8 conv]sation4 ,he aft]w>d return$ to ,li*field1 & 9 #agcg came up to t[n 9 company ) ,samuel ,johnson1 :o 0 to make s conspicu\s a figure 9 ! lit]>y _w1 & ( ^: life we h already giv5 an acc\nt4 ,soon aft] 8 arrival 9 ,london1 ,g>rick ent]$ himself at ,l9coln's ,inn1 & he also put himself "u ! tuition ( ,mr4 ,colson1 an em95t ma!matician at ,ro*e/]4 ,b z he appli$ himself little to ! /udy ( ! law1 8 pr(ici5cy 9 ma!matics & philosophy 0 n ext5sive4 ,8 m9d 0 !atrically l$1 & no?+ c\ld div]t 8 ?\ghts f ! /udy ( t to :i* 8 g5ius s p[]fully prompt$ him4 ,he _h #a1jjj left him by 8 uncle at ,lisbon1 & he engag$ = a %ort "t 9 ! w9e trade1 9 p>tn]%ip ) 8 bro!r1 ,mr4 ,pet] ,g>rick2 !y hir$ vaults 9 ,durham ,y>d1 = ! purpose ( c>ry+ on ! bus9ess4 ,! union betwe5 ! bro!rs 0 ( no long date4 ,pet] 0 calm1 s$ate1 & me?odical2 ,david 0 gay1 volatile1 impetu\s1 & p]haps n s conf9$ to regul>ity z 8 p>tn] c\ld h wi%$4 ,to prev5t ! cont9uance ( fruitless & daily alt]cation1 by ! int]position ( fri5ds ! p>tn]%ip 0 amicably dissolv$4 ,& n[ ,g>rick prep>$ himself 9 e>ne/ = t employm5t :i* he s ard5tly lov$1 & 9 :i* nature design$ he %\ld em95tly excel4 ,he 0 frequ5tly 9 ! company ( ! mo/ em95t actors2 he got himself introduc$ to ! manag]s ( ! !atres1 & tri$ 8 tal5t 9 ! recitation ( "s p>ticul> & favorite portions ( plays4 ,n[ & !n he indulg$ himself 9 ! practice ( mimicry1 a tal5t :i*1 h[ev] inf]ior1 is nev] will+ly resign$ by him :o excels 9 x4 ,sometimes he wrote criticisms ^u ! action & elocution ( ! play]s1 & publi%$ !m 9 ! pr9ts4 ,^! sudd5 effusions ( 8 m9d g5]ally compreh5d$ judici\s obs]vations & %rewd rem>ks1 unmix$ ) t illib]ality :i* (t5 disgraces ! in/ructions ( /age critics4 ,g>rick's diffid5ce )held him f try+ 8 /r5g? at fir/ ^u a ,london !atre4 ,he ?\ght ! haz>d 0 too great1 & embrac$ ! advantage ( comm5c+ 8 noviciate 9 act+ ) a company ( play]s !n ready to set out = ,ipswi*1 "u ! direction ( ,mr4 ,william ,gif=d & ,mr4 ,dun/all1 9 ! summ] ( #agda4 ,! fir/ ef=t ( 8 !atrical tal5ts 0 ex]t$ z ,aboan1 9 ! play ( ,oroonoko1 a "p 9 :i* 8 features c\ld n be easily disc]n$4 ,"u ! disguise ( a black c\nt5ance1 he hop$ to escape be+ kn[n1 %\ld x be 8 mis=tune n to please4 ,?\gh ,aboan is n a fir/-rate "*1 yet ! sc5es ( pa!tic p]suasion & affect+ di/ress 9 :i* t "* is involv$1 w always comm& ! att5tion ( ! audi5ce :5 repres5t$ by a judici\s actor4 ,our "y play]'s applause 0 equal to 8 mo/ sangu9e desires4 ,"u ! assum$ "n ( ,lyddal1 he n only act$ a v>iety ( *>act]s 9 plays1 p>ticul>ly ,*amont1 9 ! ,orphan2 ,capta9 ,braz51 9 ! ,recruit+ ,(fic]2 & ,sir ,h>ry ,wildair2 b he likewise gave su* delight to ! audi5ce1 t !y gratifi$ him ) con/ant & l\d pro(s ( _! approbation4 ,! t[n ( ,ipswi* w long boa/ ( hav+ fir/ se5 & enc\rag$ s great a g5ius z ,g>rick4 ,8 fir/ appe>ance z an actor 9 ,london1 0 on ,octob] #ai1 #agda1 :5 he p]=m$ ! "p ( ,ri*>d ,,iii41 at ! playh\se 9 ,goodman's ,fields4 ,8 easy & famili>1 yet =cible1 /yle 9 speak+ & act+1 at fir/ ?rew ! critics into "s hesitation conc]n+ ! novelty1 z well z propriety1 ( 8 mann]4 ,!y _h be5 long accu/om$ to an elevation ( ! voice1 ) a sudd5 me*anical depression ( its tones1 calculat$ to excite admiration1 & to intrap applause4 ,to ! j modulation ( ! words1 & concurr+ expression ( ! features f ! g5u9e works ( nature1 !y _h be5 /rang]s1 at lea/ = "s "t4 ,b aft] he _h gone ?r\gh a v>iety ( sc5es1 9 :i* he gave evid5t pro(s ( consummate art & p]fect k ( "*1 _! d\bts 7 turn$ into surprise & a/oni%m5t1 f :i* !y reliev$ !mselves by l\d & reit]at$ applause4 ,!y 7 m especially *>m$ :5 ! actor1 aft] hav+ ?r[n aside ! hypocrite & politician1 assum$ ! w>rior & ! h]o4 ,:5 news 0 br\ght to ,ri*>d t ! ,duke ( ,buck+ham 0 tak51 ,g>rick's look & action1 :5 he pron\nc$ ! words ----,(f ) 8 head6 ,s mu* = ,buck+ham6 7 s magnific5t & important1 f 8 visible enjoym5t ( ! incid5t1 t sev]al l\d %\ts ( approbation proclaim$ ! triumph ( ! actor & satisfaction ( ! audi5ce4 ,ri*>d's dream be=e ! battle1 & 8 dea?1 7 accompani$ ) ! l\de/ gratulations ( applause4 ,su* 0 ! univ]sal approbation :i* foll[$ our "y actor1 t ! m e/abli%$ !atres ( ,drury ,lane & ,cov5t ,g>d5 7 des]t$4 ,g>rick drew aft] him ! inhabitants ( ! mo/ polite p>ts ( ! t[n3 ,goodman's ,fields 7 full ( ! spl5dor ( ,/4 ,james' & ,grosv5or ,squ>e2 ! coa*es ( ! nobility fill$ up ! space f ,temple ,b> to ,:ite*apel4 ,he _h s p]fectly conv9c$ ! public ( 8 sup]ior accompli%m5ts 9 act+1 t n to admire him w\ld n only h argu$ an abs5ce ( ta/e1 b ! grosse/ /upidity4 ,^? :o _h se5 & be5 delight$ ) ! mo/ admir$ ( ! old actors1 confess$ t he _h excell$ ! able/ ( !m 9 ! v>iety ( ! exhibitions1 & equall$ !m all 9 _! mu/ applaud$ *>act]s4 ,alex&] ,pope 0 p]suad$ by ,"l ,orr]y to see him 9 ! fir/ dawn ( 8 fame4 ,t great man1 :o _h (t5 se5 & admir$ ,bett]ton1 0 /ruck ) ! propriety & beauty ( ,mr4 ,g>rick's action2 & z a conv9c+ pro( t he _h a good op9ion ( 8 m]it1 he told ,"l ,orr]y t he 0 afraid ! "y man w\ld be spoil$1 = he w\ld h no competitor4 ,mr4 ,g>rick %one =? l a !atrical ,newton2 he ?rew new light on elocution & action2 he bani%$ rant+1 bomba/1 & grimace2 & re/or$ nature1 ease1 simplicity1 & g5u9e humor4 ,9 #agdb he ent]$ into /at$ agreem5ts ) ,fleetwood1 pat5tee ( ,drury ,lane1 = ! annual income ( #ejj4 ,8 fame cont9u$ to increase at ! royal !atre1 & soon became s ext5d$ t a deputation 0 s5t f ,irel&1 to invite him to act 9 ,dubl9 dur+ ! mon?s ( ,june1 ,july1 & ,augu/1 ^u v pr(itable conditions4 ,^! he embrac$1 & cross$ ! seas to ! metropolis ( ,irel& 9 ,june1 #agdb1 accompani$ by ,mrs4 ,w(f+ton4 ,illu/ration3 ,g>rick z ,ri*>d ,,iii4 ,8 success at ,dubl9 exce$$ all imag9ation1 ?\gh mu* 0 expect$ f him2 he 0 c>ess$ by all ranks ( p z a prodigy ( !atrical accompli%m5t4 ,dur+ ! hotte/ days 9 ! ye> ! play-h\se 0 cr[d$ ) p]sons ( fa%ion & rank1 :o 7 nev] tir$ ) see+ & applaud+ ! v>i\s essays ( 8 skill4 ,! excessive heat became prejudicial to ! frequ5t]s ( ! !atre2 & ! epidemical di/emp]1 :i* seiz$ & c>ri$ (f great numb]s1 0 nicknam$ ! ,g>rick fev]4 ,satisfi$ ) ! emolum5ts aris+ f ! summ] campaign1 & delight$ ) ! g5]\s enc\ragem5t & k9d c\nt5ance :i* ! nobility & g5try ( ,irel& _h giv5 him1 & ( :i* he always spoke 9 ! /ronge/ t]ms ( ackn[l$gm5t & gratitude1 he set out = ,london1 to r5ew 8 labors & to receive ! applause ( ! mo/ critical1 z well z mo/ c&id1 audi5ce 9 ,europe4 ,su* an actor z ,g>rick1 ^: "n :5 ann\nc$ 9 ! play-bill op]at$ l a *>m & drew multitudes to ! !atre1 ( consequ5ce consid]ably augm5t$ ! pr(its ( ! pat5tee4 ,b at ! "t :5 all )\t doors 0 app>5tly gay & spl5did1 & ! !atre ( ,drury ,lane seem$ to be 9 ! mo/ fl\ri%+ condition1 by ! /range & absurd conduct ( ! manag] ! :ole fabric 0 absolutely runn+ into c]ta9 de/ruction4 ,8 behavior br\ght on a revolt ( ! pr9cipal actors1 ) ,mr4 ,g>rick & ,mr4 ,mackl9 at _! head1 & = "s "t !y sec$$ f ! !atre4 ,!y endeavor$ to procure a pat5t = a new !atre1 b )\t success2 & ,g>rick at l5g? accommodat$ 8 dispute ) ! manag]1 ,mr4 ,fleetwood1 by engag+ to play aga9 = a sal>y ( six or sev5 hundr$ p\nds4 ,9 #agdd1 ,g>rick made a second voyage to ,dubl91 & became jo9t-manag] ( ! !atre !re ) ,mr4 ,%]idan4 ,!y met ) great success2 & ,g>rick return$ aga9 to ,london1 9 ,may1 #agdf1 hav+ consid]ably add$ to 8 /ock ( money4 ,9 #agdg he became jo9t-pat5tee ( ,drury ,lane ,!atre ) ,mr4 ,lacy4 ,mr4 ,g>rick & ,mr4 ,lacy divid$ ! bus9ess ( ! !atre 9 su* a mann] z n to encroa* ^u ea* o!r's prov9ce4 ,mr4 ,lacy took ^u himself ! c>e ( ! w>drobe1 ! sc5es1 & ! economy ( ! h\sehold2 :ile ,g>rick regulat$ ! m important bus9ess ( treat+ ) au?ors1 hir+ actors1 di/ribut+ p>ts 9 plays1 sup]9t5d+ ( rehe>sals1 etc4 ,besides ! pr(its accru+ f 8 half-%>e1 he 0 all[$ an income ( #ejj = 8 act+1 & "s p>ticul> emolum5ts = alt]+ plays1 f>ces1 etc4 ,9 #agdi1 ,mr4 ,g>rick 0 m>ri$ to ,mademoiselle ,violetti1 a "y lady :o 7z ,mr4 ,davies says71 to great elegance ( =m & _m polite accompli%m5ts1 jo9$ ! m amiable virtues ( ! m9d4 ,9 #agfc1 #agfd1 & #agfe1 he made a j\rney to ,france & ,italy1 accompani$ by ,mrs4 ,g>rick1 :o1 f ! day ( h] m>riage till ! dea? ( h] husb&1 0 nev] sep>at$ f him = tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,dur+ 8 /ay abroad 8 company 0 desir$ by _m =eign]s ( high bir? & great m]it4 ,he 0 sometimes invit$ to give ! company a ta/e ( t art 9 :i* he 0 kn[n s greatly to excel4 ,su* a reque/ he v readily cons5t$ to1 = inde$ 8 compliance co/ him no?+4 ,he c\ld1 )\t ! lea/ prep>ation1 trans=m himself into any "* tragic or comic1 & seize in/antane\sly ^u any passion ( ! human m9d4 ,he c\ld make a sudd5 transition f viol5t rage1 & ev5 madness1 to ! extremes ( levity & humor1 & g ?r\gh ! :ole circle ( !atric evolution ) ! mo/ surpris+ velocity4 ,on ! dea? ( ,mr4 ,lacy1 jo9t pat5tee ( ,drury ,lane ) ,mr4 ,g>rick1 9 #aggc1 ! :ole managem5t ( t !atre devolv$ on ,mr4 ,g>rick4 ,b 9 #aggf1 be+ ab\t sixty ye>s ( age1 he sold 8 %>e ( ! pat5t1 & =m$ a resolution ( quitt+ ! /age4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 det]m9$1 be=e he left ! !atre1 to give ! public pro(s ( 8 abilities to delight !m z highly z he _h ev] done 9 ! fl[] & vigor ( 8 life4 ,to ?is end he pres5t$ !m ) "s ( ! mo/ capital & try+ *>act]s ( ,%akespe>e2 ) ,hamlet1 ,ri*>d1 & ,le>1 besides o!r p>ts :i* 7 less fatigu+4 ,hamlet & ,le> 7 repeat$2 ,ri*>d he act$ once only1 & by ! k+'s comm&4 ,8 ,maje/y 0 mu* surpris$ to see him1 at an age s advanc$1 run ab\t ! field ( battle ) s mu* fire1 =ce1 & agility4 ,he f9i%$ 8 dramatic race ) "o ( 8 favorite p>ts1 ) ,felix1 9 ,! ,wond] a ,woman ,keeps a ,secret4 ,:5 ! play 0 end$1 ,mr4 ,g>rick advanc$ t[>d ! audi5ce1 ) mu* palpitation ( m9d1 & visible emotion 9 8 c\nt5ance4 ,no prem$itation :atev] c\ld prep>e him = ?is affect+ sc5e4 ,he b[$--he paus$--! spectators 7 all att5tion4 ,aft] a %ort /ruggle ( nature1 he recov]$ f ! %ock he _h felt1 & address$ 8 auditors 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,,ladies ,,& ,,g5tlem53 ,x has be5 cu/om>y ) p]sons "u my circum/ances to address y 9 a f>ewell epilogue4 ,i _h ! same int5tion1 & turn$ my ?\ghts t way2 b inde$1 ,i f\nd myself !n z incapable ( writ+ su* an epilogue1 z ,i %\ld be n[ ( speak+ x4 ,! j+le ( rhyme & ! language ( fiction w\ld b ill suit my pres5t feel+s4 ,?is is to me a v awful mom5t2 x is no less ?an p>t+ =ev] ) ^? f :om ,i h receiv$ ! greate/ k9dness & favors1 & ^u ! spot :]e t k9dness & ^? favors 7 enjoy$4 ,"h he 0 unable to proce$ till he 0 reliev$ by a %[] ( te>s4 ,:atev] may be ! *anges ( my future life1 ! deepe/ impression ( y\r k9dness w always rema9 "h 7putt+ 8 h& on 8 brea/7 fix$ & unalt]able4 ,i w v readily agree to my successors hav+ m skill & ability = _! /ation ?an ,i h2 b ,i defy !m all to take m s9c]e1 & m un9t]rupt$ pa9s = y\r favor1 or to be m truly s5sible ( x1 ?an is y\r humble s]vant4 ,aft] a pr(\nd obeisance1 he retir$1 amid ! te>s & acclamations ( a mo/ cr[d$ & brilliant audi5ce4 ,he di$ on ,w$nesday morn+1 ,janu>y #bj1 #aggi1 at eight o'clock1 )\t a groan4 ,! disease 0 pron\nc$ to be a palsy 9 ! kidneys4 ,on ,monday1 ,febru>y #a/1 ! body ( ,david ,g>rick 0 convey$ f 8 own h\se 9 ! ,adelphi1 & mo/ magnific5tly int]r$ 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 "u ! monum5t ( 8 belov$ ,%akespe>e4 ,he 0 att5d$ to ! grave by p]sons ( ! fir/ rank2 by m5 illu/ri\s = g5ius1 & fam\s = sci5ce2 by ^? :o lov$ him liv+1 & lam5t$ 8 dea?4 ,,edw9 ,,=re/#ac ,footnote #ac3 ,repr9t$ by p]mission ( ,! ,cassell ,publi%+ ,company1 f ,actors & ,actresses ( ,great ,brita9 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,by ,,lawr5ce ,,b>rett 7#ahjf-ahgb7 ,illu/ration3 ,edw9 ,=re/4 ,edw9 ,=re/ 0 born 9 ! city ( ,philadelphia1 ,m>* #i1 #ahjf1 8 fa!r1 a ,scot*man1 hav+ emigrat$ to ,am]ica dur+ ! la/ ye> ( ! prec$+ c5tury4 ,! boy1 l _m o!rs ( 8 pr(ession1 0 design$ = ! m9i/ry1 & be=e ! age ( elev5 ! future ,*ann+ _h attract$ admir+ li/5]s by ! music ( 8 voice & ! aptness ( 8 mimicry4 ,8 memory 0 rem>kable1 & he w\ld recite :ole passages ( 8 preceptor's s]mons4 ,p]*$ ^u a *air or /ool1 & cr[n$ ) ! pr\d approval ( family & fri5ds1 ! "y mimic fill$ ! he>ts ( 8 li/5]s ) f]v5t hopes ( 8 com+ success 9 ! fold ( _! belov$ *ur*4 ,^! hopes 7 de/9$ to be met ) disappo9tm5t4 ,! bias ( ! future lead] ( ! ,am]ican /age 0 only fa9tly outl9$ z yet2 8 h\r ( developm5t 0 /ill to come4 ,he mu/ h le>n$ e>ly ! road to ! !atre1 p]mitt$ to g by ! family1 or go+1 p]haps1 )\t ! k or cons5t ( 8 s5iors 9 ! ov]work$ h\sehold2 =1 be=e he _h pass$ 8 t5? ye>1 our "y s]moniz] 0 a memb] ( a ,!spian club1 & be=e he 0 elev5 he _h made 8 appe>ance at "o ( ! regul> !atres 9 a female "*1 b ) mo/ disa/r\s results4 ,he soon outgrew ! ignom9y ( 8 fir/ failure1 h[ev]1 & aga9 & aga9 s\ght to ov]come its disgrace by a fre% appe>ance4 ,to 8 appeals ! irate manag] l5t a deaf e>4 ,! sacr$ portal t leads to ! en*ant$ gr\nd ( ! /age 0 clos$ aga9/ "y ,=re/1 ! w>d5 be+ in/ruct$ n to let ! importunate boy pass ! door4 ,at la/1 9 desp]ation1 he resolv$ to /orm ! citadel1 to beat d[n ! fai?ful gu>d & to c>ry w> into ! enemy's camp4 ,"o night he da%$ pa/ ! a/oni%$ gu>dian ( ! /age entrance j z ! curta9 fell ^u "o ( ! acts ( a play4 ,he em]g$ be=e ! footlights1 elud+ all pursuit1 dress$ z a h>lequ91 &1 be=e ! audi5ce _h recov]$ f its a/oni%m5t at ?is sc5e n set d[n 9 ! bills1 ! baffl$1 b n subdu$1 aspirant _h deliv]$ ! l9es ( an epilogue 9 rhyme ) s mu* effect t1 be=e he c\ld be seiz$ by ! a/\nd$ /age-manag] & hurl$ f ! !atre1 he _h attract$ public notice1 successfully won 8 surpris$ audi5ce1 & n only secur$ immunity f puni%m5t = 8 tem]ity1 b actually ga9$ t respect 9 ! manag]'s e/imation :i* he _h s long & s va9ly /riv5 to acquire4 ,at la/ ,=re/ 0 promis$ an appe>ance at ! ,walnut ,/reet h\se1 !n "o ( ! lead+ !atres ( ! c\ntry4 ,he select$ ,"y ,norval 9 ,home's trag$y ( ,d\glas1 & on ,novemb] #bg1 #ahbj1 ! future ma/] ( ! ,am]ican /age1 !n f\rte5 ye>s ( age--a boy 9 ye>s1 a man 9 "*--ann\nc$ z ,a ,"y ,g5tleman ( ?is ,city1 surr\nd$ by a gr\p ( vet]an actors :o _h = _m ye>s %>$ ! favor ( ! public1 began a c>e] :i* 0 z auspici\s at its op5+ z x 0 spl5did 9 its maturity4 ,at 8 entrance he won ! va/ audi5ce at once by ! grace ( 8 figure & ! mode/ be>+ t 0 natural to him4 ,some?+ ( t magnetism :i* he ex]cis$ s effectively 9 late ye>s n[ attract$ all :o he>d him1 & made fri5ds ev5 be=e he spoke4 ,he 0 all[$ to reappe> z ,fr$]ick 9 ,lov]s' ,v[s1 repeat+ 8 fir/ success2 & on ,janu>y #h1 #ahba1 he b5efit$ z ,octavian 9 ! ,m\nta9e]s1 a play associat$ ) ! e>ly glories ( ,edmund ,kean4 ,9 ?is ye>1 also1 he made 8 fir/ & only v5ture z a manag]1 boldly tak+ ! ,prune ,/reet ,!atre1 ,philadelphia1 & giv+ a successful p]=mance ( ,ri*>d ,,iii41 :i* n only pleas$ ! audi5ce1 b br\ght him a few doll>s ( pr(it4 ,he made _m attempts to secure a regul> engagem5t 9 "o ( ! ,we/]n circuits1 :]e exp]i5ce c\ld be ga9$2 & at la/1 aft] _m d5ials1 he 0 employ$ by ,coll9s & ,jones to play lead+ juv5ile p>ts 9 _! !atres 9 ,pittsburgh1 ,c9c9nati1 & ,lex+ton4 ,?us1 at ! age ( sixte5 or eighte51 ,edw9 ,=re/ enroll$ himself z a regul> memb] ( a !atrical company1 & broke loose f trade =ev]4 ,( 8 pr(essional progress "h we h b poor acc\nts4 ,he seems to h be5 v popul>1 & to h _h an exp]i5ce l>g] ?an he _h h]et(ore enjoy$4 ,he play$ ) ! eld] ,conway1 & 0 affect$ by ! gr&eur ( t actor's ,o!llo1 a /udy :i* s]v$ ,=re/ well :5 9 late ye>s he inh]it$ ! "*4 ,jane ,placide1 :o inspir$ ! fir/ love ( ,edw9 ,=re/1 0 an actress :o comb9$ tal5t1 beauty1 & goodness4 ,h] "* w\ld h s(t5$ ! asp]ities ( 81 & l$ him by a calm] pa? to ^? gr& elevations t[>d :i* ,provid5ce _h direct$ 8 foot/eps4 ,baffl$ 9 love1 h[ev]1 & believ+ ,caldwell to be 8 rival & enemy1 he *all5g$ him2 b 0 rebuk$ by ! sil5t contempt ( 8 manag]1 :om ! impulsive & disappo9t$ lov] po/$4 ,! h>d novitiate ( ,edw9 ,=re/ 0 n[ draw+ ne> its close4 ,secur+ a /ock engagem5t ) ,*>les ,gilf]t1 manag] ( ! ,albany ,!atre1 he op5$ !re 9 ! e>ly fall1 & play$ = ! fir/ "t ) ,edmund ,kean1 !n on 8 second visit to ,am]ica4 ,! meet+ ) ?is extraord9>y man & ! att5tion he receiv$ f him 7 =emo/ among ! direct+ influ5ces ( ,=re/'s life4 ,to 8 la/ h\r he nev] we>i$ ( s++ ! praises ( ,kean1 ^: g5ius fill$ ! ,engli%-speak+ _w ) admiration4 ,two m5 m unlike 9 m9d & body c sc>cely be imag9$4 ,until n[ ,=re/ _h se5 no actor :o repres5t$ 9 p]fection ! impassion$ s*ool ( :i* ,kean 0 ! ma/]4 ,he c\ld n h kn[n ,cooke1 ev5 9 ! decl9e ( t great trag$ian's p[]1 & ! little giant 0 inde$ a revelation4 ,he play$ ,iago to ,kean's ,o!llo1 ,titus to 8 ,brutus1 & ,ri*mond to 8 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 ,9 ! int]val :i* prec$$ ! op5+ ( ! ,b[]y ,!atre1 ,new ,york1 ,=re/ appe>$ at ! ,p>k = ! b5efit ( ,woodhull1 play+ ,o!llo4 ,he made a pron\nc$ success1 8 old manag] sitt+ 9 front1 pr(anely exclaim+1 ,by ,god1 ! boy has made a hit6 ,?is 0 a great ev5t1 z ! ,p>k 0 !n ! lead+ !atre ( ,am]ica1 & its actors 7 ! mo/ fam\s & exclusive4 ,he op5$ at ! ,b[]y ,!atre 9 ,novemb]1 #ahbf1 z ,o!llo1 & made a brilliant impression4 ,8 sal>y 0 rais$ f #bh to #dj p] week4 ,f ?is success may be trac$ ! fir/ absolute hold made by ,edw9 ,=re/ ^u ! att5tion ( cultivat$ auditors & intellig5t critics4 ,! ,b[]y 0 !n a v diff]5t !atre f :at x aft]w>d became1 :5 ! newsboys took =cible possession ( its pit & ! fire-laddies 7 ! arbit]s ( public ta/e 9 its neighborhood4 ,an in/ance ( ,=re/'s moral integrity may be told "h4 ,he _h be5 approa*$ by a rival manag]1 aft] 8 fir/ success1 & urg$ to sec$e f ! ,b[]y & jo9 ! o!r h\se at a mu* l>g] sal>y4 ,he scornfully refus$ to break 8 ^w1 al?\gh 8 own int]e/s he knew mu/ suff]4 ,8 popul>ity at ?is "t 0 s great t1 :5 8 contract = ! season _h expir$1 he 0 in/antly engag$ = eight nights1 at a sal>y ( two hundr$ doll>s a night4 ,! success :i* _h greet$ ,=re/ on 8 fir/ appe>ance 9 ,new ,york1 0 r5ew$ 9 e city 9 ! l&4 ,=tune att5d$ fame1 & fill$ 8 pockets1 z ! brea? ( adulation fill$ 8 he>t4 ,he _h paid ! la/ p5ny ( debt left by 8 fa!r1 & _h se5 a firm %elt] rais$ ov] ! head ( 8 liv+ family4 ,) a patriotic feel+ = all ?+s ,am]ican1 ,=re/1 ab\t ?is "t1 =m$ a plan = ! enc\ragem5t or developm5t ( an ,am]ican drama1 :i* result$ 9 heavy money losses to himself1 b produc$ su* contributions to our /age lit]ature z ! ,gladiator1 ,jack ,cade1 & ,metamora4#ad ,aft] five ye>s ( con/ant labor he felt t he _h e>n$ ! "r to a holiday1 & he =m$ 8 plans = a two ye>s' abs5ce 9 ,europe4 ,a f>ewell banquet 0 t5d]$ him by ! citiz5s ( ,new ,york1 & a m$al 0 /ruck 9 honor ( ! occasion4 ,bryant1 ,halleck1 ,leggett1 ,+raham & o!r di/+ui%$ m5 7 pres5t4 ,?is 0 an honor :i* _h nev] be=e be5 paid to an ,am]ican actor4 ,footnote #ad3 ,( ,=re/'s p]=mance ( ,metamora1 9 ! play ( t "n1 ,w4 ,r4 ,alg] says1 ,nev] did an actor m ?or\ghly id5tify & m]ge himself ) 8 "p ?an ,=re/ did 9 ',metamora4' ,he 0 completely trans=m$ f :at he appe>$ 9 o!r *>act]s1 & seem$ ,indian 9 e p>ticul>1 all ?r\gh & all ov]1 f ! cr[n ( 8 head to ! sole ( 8 foot4 ,he _h be5 abs5t ab\t two ye>s :5 he l&$ 9 ,new ,york 9 ,septemb]1 #ahcf4 ,on 8 appe>ance at ! ,walnut ,/reet ,!atre1 ,philadelphia1 he 0 receiv$ ) unprec$5t$ en?usiasm4 ,he gave six p]=mances only1 on ?is occasion1 & ea* saw a repetition ( ! sc5e at ! beg9n+ ( ! engagem5t4 ,! receipts 7 ! l>ge/ ev] kn[n 9 t h\se4 ,on ,septemb] #ai1 #ahcf1 ,=re/ emb>k$ once m = ! "m c\ntry1 ?is "t ) s]i\s purpose4 ,aft] a spe$y & unev5tful passage he rea*$ ,engl&1 & at once set ab\t ! prelim9>y bus9ess ( 8 ,briti% engagem5t1 :i* began ,octob] #ag1 #ahcf4 ,he 0 ! fir/ really great ,am]ican actor :o _h appe>$ 9 ,london z a rival ( ! ,engli% trag$ians2 = ,coop] 0 born 9 ,engl&1 ?\gh always reg>d$ z belong+ to ! y\ng] c\ntry4 ,8 op5+ "p 0 ,sp>tacus 9 ! ,gladiator4 ,! play 0 condemn$1 ! actor applaud$4 ,9 ,o!llo1 9 ,le>1 & 9 ,macbe?1 he a*iev$ in/ant success4 ,he began 8 engagem5t ,octob] #ag? & clos$ ,decemb] #ai?1 hav+ act$ ,macbe? sev5 times1 ,o!llo n9e1 & ,k+ ,le> eight4 ,a d9n] at ! ,g>rick ,club 0 (f]$ & accept$4 ,"h he sat d[n ) ,*>les ,kemble & ,macready2 ,s]geant ,talf\rd 0 9 ! *air4 ,x 0 dur+ ?is engagem5t he met 8 future wife1 ,miss ,ca!r9e ,s9clair4 ,9 ! latt] "p ( ,june1 #ahcg1 ! m>riage took place 9 ,/4 ,paul's ,*ur*1 ,cov5t ,g>d54 ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,=re/ soon aft] emb>k$ = ,am]ica4 ,! trag$ian resum$ 8 ,am]ican engagem5ts ,novemb] #ae1 #ahcg1 at ! old ,*e/nut ,/reet ,!atre1 ,philadelphia4 ,pres5t$ to 8 fri5ds1 8 wife at once made a deep & la/+ impression4 ,h] native delicacy ( m9d & ref9em5t ( mann]s en*ant$ ^? :o hop$ = "s su* influ5ce to be ex]t$ 9 s(t5+ ! r\gh vigor & democratic d[nrightness ( ! man4 ,dome/ic discord came too soon1 h[ev]1 & 9 an evil h\r = himself1 9 an evil h\r = 8 art & = ! /ruggl+ drama 9 ,am]ica1 ,edw9 ,=re/ ?rew op5 ! doors ( 8 home to ! scrut9y ( ! _w1 & appeal$ to ! c\rts to remove ! skeleton :i* 0 hidd5 9 8 closet4 ,) ! proce$+s ( t trial1 :i* result$ 9 divorce1 alimony1 & sep>ation1 ?is memoir has no?+ to d4 ,illu/ration3 ,=re/ z ,metamora4 ,edw9 ,=re/1 leav+ ! c\rt-room a defeat$ man1 0 in/antly rais$ to a popul>ity ) ! masses beyond any?+ ev5 he _h be=e exp]i5c$4 ,he began an engagem5t soon aft] at ! ,broadway ,!atre1 op5+ z ,damon4 ,! h\se 0 cr[d$ to suffocation4 ,! engagem5t ( sixty nights 0 unp>allel$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican drama = l5g? & pr(it4 ,b despite ! flatt]+ applause ( ! multitude1 life nev] aga9 _h = him ! smil+ aspect x _h s (t5 worn be=e4 ,! applause :i* fill$ 8 e>s1 ! weal? :i* fl[$ 9 ^u him c\ld n improve t temp] :i* _h nev] be5 amiable1 & all ! h>d /ories ( 8 life belong to ?is p]iod4 ,on ,septemb] #bj1 #aheb1 he reappe>$ at ! ,broadway ,!atre1 ,new ,york4 ,9 ,febru>y1 #ahec1 ,macbe? 0 produc$ 9 gr& /yle1 ) new sc5]y & appo9tm5ts4 ,! trag$y 0 play$ on tw5ty consecutive nights1 !n by f> ! longe/ run ( any ,%akespe>ean play 9 ,am]ica4 ,! ca/ 0 v /rong4 ,x includ$ ,conway1 ,duff1 ,dav5port1 ,pope1 ,davidge1 ,b>ry1 & ,madame ,ponisi4 ,on ,septemb] #ag1 #ahfj1 aft] an abs5ce ( ne>ly f\r ye>s1 ,edw9 ,=re/ appe>$ aga9 on ! /age4 ,he 0 engag$ by ,james ,nixon1 & began 8 contract ( "o hundr$ nights at ,niblo's ,g>d51 ,new ,york1 9 ! "* ( ,hamlet4 ,! long retirem5t only increas$ ! curi\s int]e/ :i* c5tr$ r\nd 8 hi/oric "n4 ,^u 8 op5+ night ! seats 7 sold at auction4 ,8 success 9 ,philadelphia rivall$ t ( ,new ,york4 ,9 ,bo/on ! va/ auditorium ( ! gr&e/ !atre 9 ,am]ica 0 f\nd too small to conta9 ! cr[ds he drew4 ,sev]e attacks ( g\t 7 beg9n+ to tell ^u t h]culean =m1 sapp+ & und]m9+ x2 & 9 #ahfe1 :ile play+ ,damon at ! ,holiday ,/reet ,!atre1 9 ,baltimore1 ! wea!r be+ v cold & ! !atre op5 to draughts1 he 0 seiz$ ) a sudd5 illness1 :i* 0 foll[$ by v s]i\s results4 ,suff]+ ! mo/ int5se agony1 he 0 able to get to ! end ( ! "p2 b :5 8 robes 7 laid aside & physicians summon$1 x 0 f\nd to 8 horror t he _h suff]$ a p>tial p>alysis ( ! sciatic n]ve4 ,9 an in/ant ! /urdy gait1 ! pr\d tread ( ! h]culean actor 0 =ev] gone2 = he nev] rega9$ complete control ( 8 limb1 a p]ceptible hobble be+ ! legacy ( ! dreadful visitation4 ,8 "r h& 0 almo/ p[]less1 & he c\ld n hold 8 sword4 ,9 #ahff he w5t to ,cali=nia1 urg$ by ! manag] 9 ,san ,francisco4 ,8 la/ engagem5t 9 ,new ,york took place 9 ,febru>y1 #ahga4 ,he play$ ,le> & ,ri*elieu1 8 two greate/ p>ts4 ,on ! night ( ,m>* #be1 #ahgb1 ,=re/ op5$ 9 ,le> at ! ,globe ,!atre1 ,bo/on4 ,le> 0 play$ six nights4 ,dur+ ! second week he 0 ann\nc$ = ,ri*elieu & ,virg9ius2 b he caught a viol5t cold on ,sunday1 & labor$ sorely on ,monday ev5+ ?r\gh ! "p ( ,ri*elieu4 ,on ,tuesday he repeat$ ! p]=mance1 aga9/ ! advice ( fri5ds & physicians4 ,r>e bur/s ( 8 old p[] light$ up ! play1 b he labor$ pite\sly on aga9/ 8 illness & ?reat5$ pneumonia4 ,:5 /imulants 7 (f]$ he reject$ !m1 decl>+ t if he di$ to-night1 he %\ld /ill be 8 old royal self4 ,ann\nc$ = ,virg9ius ! foll[+ ev5+1 he 0 unable to appe>4 ,a sev]e attack ( pneumonia develop$ itself4 ,he 0 c>ri$ to 8 hotel1 & 8 la/ engagem5t 0 br\ght to an abrupt & melan*oly end4 ,z soon z he 0 able to move1 he left ,bo/on = 8 home 9 ,philadelphia1 re/+ on 8 way only a day 9 ,new ,york4 ,z ! summ] pass$ away1 ! desire = "w grew /rong] & /rong]1 & he decid$ to re-ent] public life1 b simply z a read] ( ! great plays 9 :i* he _h z an actor be5 s successful4 ,! result 0 a disappo9tm5t4 ,on ,decemb] #aa1 #ahgb1 he wrote to ,oakes 8 la/ lett]1 say+ sadly1 b fondly3 ,god bless y ev]1 my de> & mu*-belov$ fri5d4 ,:5 ! morn+ ( ,decemb] #ab? came1 8 s]vant1 he>+ no s\nd 9 8 *amb] at 8 g5]al h\r ( ris+1 became al>m$1 op5$ 8 ma/]'s door1 & f\nd !re1 cold 9 dea? ^u 8 b$1 ! =m ( ! great trag$ian4 ,8 arms 7 cross$ ^u 8 bosom1 & he seem$ to be at re/4 ,! /roke _h come sudd5ly4 ,) little w>n+1 & )\t pa91 he _h pass$ away4 ,! dead man's w 0 f\nd to conta9 sev]al beque/s to old fri5ds & s]vants1 & an elaborate s*eme by :i* 8 =tune1 9 ! h&s ( tru/ees1 0 to be appli$ to ! erection & support ( a retreat = ag$ actors1 to be call$ ,! ,edw9 ,=re/ ,home4 ,! idea _h be5 long 9 8 m9d1 & c>eful directions 7 drawn up = its practical work+2 b ! tru/ees f\nd !mselves p[]less to realize fully ! hopes & wi%es ( ! te/ator4 ,a settlem5t _h to be made to ! divorc$ wife1 :o act$ lib]ally t[>d ! e/ate2 b ! am\nt )drawn s]i\sly crippl$ x1 z x 0 depriv$ at once ( a l>ge sum ( ready money4 ,o!r legal difficulties arose4 ,& ?us ! great ambition ( ! trag$ian to be a b5efactor to 8 pr(ession 0 de/9$ to come almo/ to naught4 ,( ?is happily little he recks n[4 ,he has p>t$ ) all ! c>es ( life1 & has at la/ f\nd re/4 ,=re/'s greate/ ,%akespe>ean p>ts 7 ,le>1 ,o!llo1 & ,coriolanus4 ,! fir/ grew mell[ & ri* z ! actor grew 9 ye>s1 :ile x /ill reta9$ mu* ( its e>li] =ce4 ,8 ,o!llo suff]$ ) ! decl9e ( 8 faculties1 al?\gh 8 cle> conception ( all he did 0 app>5t to ! end 9 ! act+ ( e "o ( 8 p>ts4 ,coriolanus di$ ) him1 ! la/ ( all ! ,romans4 ,he 0 greate/1 h[ev]1 9 su* p>ts z ,virg9ius1 ,william ,tell1 & ,sp>tacus4 ,"h 8 mann]isms ( gait & utt]ance 7 less noticeable ?an 9 8 ,%akespe>ean *>act]s1 or 7 ov]look$ 9 ! rugg$ massiv5ess ( ! creation4 ,hamlet1 ,ri*>d1 & ,macbe? 7 out ( 8 temp]am5t1 & add$ no?+ to 8 fame2 b ,ri*elieu is said to h be5 "o ( 8 noble/ & mo/ impressive p]=mances4 ,he 0 9 all ?+s m>k$ & di/9ctive4 ,8 obtrusive p]sonality (t5 de/roy$ ! h>mony ( ! portrait he 0 pa9t+2 b 9 8 inspir$ mom5ts1 :i* 7 _m1 8 t\*es 7 sublime4 ,he pass$ ov] quiet sc5es ) little elaboration1 & dwelt /rongly ^u ! gr& features ( ! *>act]s he repres5t$4 ,8 ,le>1 9 ! great sc5es1 rose to a maje/ic height1 b fell 9 places almo/ to m$iocrity4 ,8 art 0 unequal to 8 natural gifts4 ,he 0 totally unlike 8 great contempor>y & rival1 ,macready1 ^: att5tion to detail gave to e p]=mance ! h>mony ( p]fect "w4 ,?is memoir may fitly close ) an illu/rative anecdote ( ! great actor4 ,t[>d ! end ( 8 pr(essional c>e] he 0 play+ an engagem5t at ,/4 ,l\is4 ,he 0 v feeble 9 heal?1 & 8 lam5ess 0 a s\rce ( great anxiety to him4 ,sitt+ at a late supp] 9 8 hotel "o ev5+1 aft] a p]=mance ( ,k+ ,le>1 ) 8 fri5d ,j4 ,b4 ,mc,cullough1 ( ! ,globe-,democrat1 t g5tleman rem>k$ to him3 ,mr4 ,=re/1 ,i nev] 9 my life saw y play ,le> s well z y did to-night4 ,:]eupon ! vet]an almo/ indignantly repli$1 ris+ sl[ly & labori\sly f 8 *air to 8 full height3 ,play ,le>6 ,:at d y mean1 sir8 ,i d n play ,le>6 ,i play ,hamlet1 ,ri*>d1 ,%ylock1 ,virg9ius1 if y please1 b by ,god1 sir1 ,i am ,le>6 ,nor 0 ?is :olly imag9ative4 ,+ratitude ( ! base/ k9d _h r5t 8 s\l4 ,old fri5ds 7 gone f him2 new fri5ds 7 b half-he>t$4 ,8 he>?/one 0 desolate4 ,! public1 to :om he _h giv5 8 be/ ye>s1 0 becom+ impati5t ( 8 infirmities4 ,! royalty ( 8 p[]s he saw by degrees torn f 8 decay+ =m4 ,o!r k+s _h aris5 on ! /age1 to :om 8 old subjects n[ %[$ a rev]5ce once all 8 own4 ,! mock]y ( 8 diadem only rema9$4 ,a wreck ( ! once pr\d man :o _h despis$ all weakness1 & _h rul$ 8 k+dom ) imp]ial sway1 he n[ /ood alone4 ,brok5 9 heal? & 9 _s1 des]t$1 =gott51 unk+$1 he might well exclaim1 ,i am ,le>6 ,,*>lotte ,,cu%man ,by ,,dutton ,,cook 7#ahaf-ahgf7 ,illu/ration3 ,*>lotte ,cu%man4 ,! ,pilgrim ,fa!rs figure 9 ,am]ican p$igrees almo/ z frequ5tly & p]si/5tly z ,norman ,william & 8 foll[]s appe> at ! trunk ( our family-trees4 ,c]ta9ly1 ! ,mayfl[] mu/ h c>ri$ v _m heads ( h\ses across ! ,atlantic4 ,x 0 n 9 ! ,mayfl[]1 h[ev]1 b 9 ! ,=tune1 a small] vessel1 ( fifty-five tons1 t ,rob]t ,cu%man1 ,noncon=mi/1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,cu%man family 9 ,am]ica1 sail$ f ,engl&1 = ! bett] enjoym5t ( lib]ty ( consci5ce & fre$om ( religion4 ,9 ! sev5? g5]ation f ,rob]t ,cu%man appe>$ ,elkanah ,cu%man1 :o took to wife ,m>y ,eliza1 daught] ( ,erasmus ,babbit1 ,jr41 lawy]1 musician1 & capta9 9 ! army4 ,( ?is m>riage 0 born ,*>lotte ,saund]s ,cu%man1 9 ,ri*mond ,/reet1 ,bo/on1 ,july #bc1 #ahaf1 & o!r *ildr54 ,*>lotte ,cu%man says ( h]self3 ,i 0 born a tom-boy4 ,%e _h a passion = climb+ trees & = break+ op5 dolls' heads4 ,%e c\ld n make dolls' clo!s1 b %e c\ld manufacture _! furniture--c\ld d any?+ ) tools4 ,i 0 v de/ructive to toys & clo!s1 tyrannical to bro!rs & si/]1 b v social1 & a great favorite ) o!r *ildr54 ,imitation 0 a prevail+ trait4 ,! fir/ play %e ev] saw 0 ,coriolanus1 ) ,macready 9 ! lead+ "p2 h] second play 0 ,! ,game/]4 ,%e became not$ 9 h] s*ool = h] skill 9 read+ al\d4 ,h] competitors grumbl$3 ,no wond] %e c read2 %e goes to ! !atre6 ,until !n %e _h be5 %y & res]v$1 n to say /upid1 ab\t read+ al\d 9 s*ool1 afraid ( ! s\nd ( h] own voice1 & unwill+ to tru/ x2 b acqua9tance ) ! !atre loos5$ h] tongue1 z %e describes x1 & gave opportunity & expression to a faculty :i* became ! rul+ passion ( h] life4 ,at home1 z a *ild1 %e took "p 9 an op]etta f\nd$ ^u ! /ory ( ,bluebe>d1 & play$ ,selim1 ! lov]1 ) great applause1 9 a l>ge attic *amb] ( h] fa!r's h\se be=e an en?usia/ic audi5ce ( "y p4 ,elkanah ,cu%man _h be5 = "s ye>s a successful m]*ant1 a memb] ( ! firm ( ,topliffe ,cu%man1 ,long ,:>f1 ,bo/on4 ,b failure befell him1 attributable1 writes ,*>lotte ,cu%man's biograph]1 ,miss ,/ebb9s1 to ! infidelity ( ^? :om he tru/$ z sup]c>goes4 ,! family remov$ f ,bo/on to ,*>le/[n4 ,*>lotte 0 plac$ at a public s*ool1 rema9+ !re until %e 0 ?irte5 only4 ,elkanah ,cu%man di$1 leav+ 8 wid[ & five *ildr5 ) v sl5d] means4 ,mrs4 ,cu%man op5$ a bo>d+-h\se 9 ,bo/on1 & /ruggl$ h>d to w>d (f fur!r mis=tune4 ,x 0 discov]$ t ,*>lotte possess$ a noble voice ( almo/ two regi/]s1 a full contralto & almo/ a full soprano2 b ! l[ voice 0 ! natural "o4 ,! =tunes ( ! family seem$ to re/ ^u ! due cultivation ( ,*>lotte's voice & ^u h] future z a s+]4 ,my "m1 %e writes1 at great self-sacrifice gave me :at opportunities = in/ruction %e c\ld obta9 = me2 & !n my fa!r's fri5d1 ,mr4 ,r4 ,d4 ,%eph]d1 ( ,%eph]d/[n1 ,va41 gave me two ye>s ( ! be/ culture t c\ld be obta9$ 9 ,bo/on at t "t1 "u ,john ,paddon1 an ,engli% organi/ & tea*] ( s++4 ,:5 ! ,engli% s+]1 ,mrs4 ,wood--bett] kn[n1 p]haps1 z ,miss ,paton--visit$ ,bo/on 9 #ahce or #ahcf1 %e ne$$ ! support ( a contralto voice4 ,*>lotte ,cu%man 0 s5t =1 & rehe>s$ duets ) ,mrs4 ,wood4 ,! "y beg9n] 0 advis$ to prep>e h]self = ! op]atic /age2 %e 0 assur$ t su* a voice w\ld lead h] to any height ( =tune %e covet$4 ,%e became ! articl$ pupil ( ,mr4 ,ma$]1 ! husb& ( ,cl>a ,fi%]1 actress & vocali/1 & ! musical director ( ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,wood4 ,in/ruct$ by ,ma$]1 ,miss ,cu%man und]took ! p>ts ( ! ,c\ntess 9 ,! ,m>riage ( ,fig>o & ,lucy ,b]tram 9 ! op]a ( ,guy ,mann]+4 ,^! 7 h] fir/ appe>ances ^u ! /age4 ,mrs4 ,ma$]'s voice 0 a contralto2 x became necess>y1 !re=e1 to assign soprano p>ts to ,miss ,cu%man4 ,undue /ress 0 ?us laid ^u h] upp] notes4 ,%e 0 v "y1 & %e felt ! *ange ( climate :5 %e w5t on ) ! ,ma$]s to ,new ,orleans4 ,x is likely t h] p[]s z a s+] _h be5 tri$ too soon & too sev]ely2 h] op]atic c>e] 0 br\ght to a sudd5 close4 ,h] voice fail$ h]2 h] upp] notes dep>t$1 nev] to return2 %e 0 left ) a weak5$ & limit$ contralto regi/]4 ,al>m$ & wret*$1 %e s\ght c\nsel ( ,mr4 ,caldwell1 ! manag] ( ! *ief ,new ,orleans !atre4 ,y ought to be an actress1 & n a s+]1 he said1 & advis$ h] to take lessons ( ,mr4 ,b>ton1 8 lead+ trag$ian4 ,h] articles ( appr5tice%ip to ,ma$] 7 cancell$4 ,soon %e 0 ready to appe> z ,lady ,macbe? on ! occasion ( ,b>ton's b5efit4 ,! season end$1 %e sail$ = ,philadelphia on h] way to ,new ,york4 ,pres5tly %e _h ent]$ into a ?ree ye>s' engagem5t ) ,mr4 ,hambl91 ! manag] ( ! ,b[]y ,!atre1 at a sal>y ( tw5ty-five doll>s a week = ! fir/ ye>1 ?irty-five = ! second ye>1 & =ty-five = ! ?ird4 ,mr4 ,hambl9 _h receiv$ excell5t acc\nts ( ! actress f 8 fri5d1 ,mr4 ,b>ton1 ( ,new ,orleans1 & _h he>d h] rehe>se sc5es f ,macbe?1 ,jane ,%ore1 ,v5ice ,pres]v$1 ,! ,/rang]1 etc4 ,to enable h] to obta9 a suitable w>drobe1 he became security = h] ) 8 tradespeople1 d$uct+ five doll>s a week f h] sal>y until ! debt 0 satisfi$4 ,all promis$ well2 indep5d5ce seem$ secure at la/4 ,mrs4 ,cu%man 0 s5t = f ,bo/on2 %e gave up h] bo>d+-h\se & ha/5$ to h] daught]4 ,miss ,cu%man writes3 ,i got a situation = my elde/ bro!r 9 a /ore 9 ,new ,york4 ,i left my only si/] 9 *>ge ( a half-si/] 9 ,bo/on1 & ,i took my y\nge/ bro!r ) me4 ,b rheumatic fev] seiz$ ! actress2 %e 0 able to act = a few nights only1 & h] dream ( good =tune came to a disa/r\s close4 ,! ,b[]y ,!atre 0 burn$ to ! gr\nd1 ) all my w>drobe1 all my debt ^u x1 & my ?ree ye>s' contract end+ 9 smoke4 ,griev\sly di/ress$1 b n di%e>t5$1 ) h] family dep5d5t ^u h] ex]tions1 %e accept$ an engagem5t at ! pr9cipal !atre 9 ,albany1 :]e %e rema9$ five mon?s1 act+ all ! lead+ *>act]s4 ,9 ,septemb]1 #ahcg1 %e ent]$ into an engagem5t1 :i* endur$ = ?ree ye>s1 ) ! manag] ( ! ,p>k ,!atre1 ,new ,york4 ,%e 0 requir$ to fulfil ! duties ( walk+ lady & g5]al utility at a sal>y ( tw5ty doll>s a week4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod ( h] c>e] %e p]=m$ v _m *>act]s1 & toil$ assidu\sly at h] pr(ession4 ,x 0 !n ! cu/om to af=d ! public a great v>iety ( p]=mances1 to *ange ! plays nightly1 & to pres5t two & sometimes ?ree plays ^u ! same ev5+4 ,! actors 7 =ev] busy /udy+ new p>ts1 &1 :5 !y 7 n p]=m+1 !y 7 rehe>s+4 ,x 0 a "t ( h>d "w1 writes ,miss ,/ebb9s1 ( ceaseless activity1 & ( h>d-won & scantily accord$ appreciation4 ,miss ,cu%man _h no *oice ( p>ts2 %e 0 n ! *ief actress ( ! company2 %e su/a9$ )\t "q all ! *>act]s ! managem5t assign$ to h]4 ,h] appe>ance z ,meg ,m]rilies 7%e acquir$ subsequ5tly great favor by h] p]=mance ( ?is "*7 0 due to an incid5t--! illness ( ,mrs4 ,*ipp5dale1 ! actress :o usually support$ ! "p4 ,x 0 9 ! ye> #ahdj2 ! vet]an ,braham 0 to appe> z ,h5ry ,b]tram4 ,a ,meg ,m]rilies _h to be improvis$4 ,! obscure utility actress 0 call$ ^u to take ,mrs4 ,*ipp5dale's place4 ,%e might read ! "p if %e c\ld n commit x to memory b p]sonate ,meg ,m]rilies aft] "s sort %e mu/4 ,%e _h nev] especially notic$ ! "p2 b z %e /ood at ! side sc5e1 book 9 h&1 await+ h] mom5t ( entrance1 h] e> caught ! dialogue go+ on ^u ! /age betwe5 two ( ! gypsies1 convey+ ! impression t ,meg 0 no long] to be fe>$ or respect$--t %e 0 no long] 9 h] "r m9d4 ,?is furni%$ h] ) a clew to ! "*1 & l$ h] to pres5t x ^u ! /age z ! weird & />tl+ figure :i* aft]w>d became s fam\s4 ,( c\rse1 ! fir/ p]=mance 0 b a sket* ( h] lat] portrayals ( ,meg ,m]rilies1 yet %e made a pr(\nd impression4 ,i _h n ?\ght t ,i _h done any?+ rem>kable1 %e wrote1 & :5 a knock came at my dress+-room door1 & ,i he>d ,braham's voice1 my fir/ ?\ght 01 ',n[ :at h ,i done8 ,he is surely displeas$ ) me ab\t some?+4' ,imag9e my gratification1 :5 ,mr4 ,braham said1 ',miss ,cu%man1 ,i h come to ?ank y = ! mo/ v]itable s5sation ,i h exp]i5c$ = a long "t4 ,i give y my ^w1 :5 ,i saw y 9 t fir/ sc5e ,i felt a cold *ill run all ov] me4 ,:]e h y le>n$ to d any?+ l t8' ,dur+ h] visits to ,engl&1 ,miss ,cu%man p]sonat$ ,meg ,m]rilies m (t5 ?an any o!r "*4 ,9 ,am]ica %e 0 also fam\s = h] p]=mance ( ,nancy1 9 a melodrama f\nd$ ^u ,oliv] ,twi/2 b ?is "p %e did n br+ ) h] across ! ,atlantic4 ,%e _h fir/ play$ ,nancy dur+ h] g5]al utility days at ! ,p>k ,!atre1 :5 ! en]gy & pa?os ( h] act+ p[]fully affect$ h] audi5ce1 & ! tradition ( h] success 9 ! "p long l+]$ 9 ! memory ( manag]s1 & caus$ !m1 ev] & anon1 z _! bus9ess int]e/s prompt$1 to br+ great pressure to be> ^u h] = a reproduction ( x4 ,mr4 ,george ,v&5h(f describes ,nancy z ,miss ,cu%man's greate/ "p2 fe>fully natural1 dreadfully int5se1 horribly real4 ,9 ! w9t] ( #ahdb ,miss ,cu%man und]took ! managem5t ( ! ,walnut ,/reet ,!atre1 ,philadelphia1 :i* 0 !n 9 r a fall5 /ate4 ,"u h] en]getic rule1 h[ev]1 ! e/abli%m5t recov]$ its popul>ity4 ,%e display$ at t day1 writes ,mr4 ,george ,v&5h(f--:o />r$ at ! ,walnut ,/reet ,!atre = six nights to small audi5ces--a rude1 /rong1 uncultivat$ tal5t4 ,x 0 n till aft] %e _h se5 & act$ ) ,mr4 ,macready--:i* %e did ! next season--t %e really br\ght arti/ic /udy & f9i% to h] p]=mances4 ,macready arriv$ 9 ,new ,york 9 ! autumn ( #ahdc4 ,he notes3 ,! ,miss ,cu%man1 :o act$ ,lady ,macbe?1 int]e/$ me mu*4 ,%e has to le>n h] art1 b %e %[$ m9d & sympa?y ) me--a novelty s refre%+ to me on ! /age4 ,%e disc]n$ ! opportunity = /udy & improvem5t pres5t$ by ,macready's visit1 & und]w5t ! fatigue ( act+ on alt]nate nights 9 ,philadelphia & ,new ,york dur+ ! t]m ( 8 engagem5t at ! ,p>k ,!atre4 ,h] own success 0 v great4 ,%e wrote to h] "m ( h] great reception3 ( h] be+ call$ out aft] ! play2 ( ! hats & h&k]*iefs wav$ to me2 fl[]s s5t to me1 etc4 ,9 ,octob]1 #ahdd1 %e sail$ = ,engl& 9 ! packet-%ip ,g>rick4 ,%e _h little money ) h]4 ,a f>ewell b5efit tak5 9 ,bo/on1 h] native city1 _h n prov$ v productive1 & %e _h be5 oblig$ to make arrangem5ts = ! ma9t5ance ( h] family dur+ h] abs5ce4 ,& ) *>act]i/ic prud5ce %e left beh9d h] a c]ta9 sum1 to be 9 read9ess = h]1 9 case failure 9 ,engl& %\ld drive h] promptly back to ,am]ica4 ,no engagem5t 9 ,london _h be5 (f]$ h]2 b %e receiv$1 ^u h] arrival1 a lett] f ,macready1 propos+ t %e %\ld jo9 a company !n be+ =m$ to give repres5tations 9 ,p>is4 ,%e ?\ght x prud5t to decl9e ?is proposal1 h[ev]1 s z to avoid ent]+ into any?+ l rivalry ) ,miss ,hel5 ,faucit1 ! lead+ actress ( ! tr\pe4 ,%e visit$ ,p>is = a few days1 b only to sit ) ! audi5ce ( ! be/ ,fr5* !atres4 ,%e return$ to h] dull lodg+s 9 ,cov5t ,g>d51 await+ h] de/9y4 ,%e 0 fond1 9 aft] ye>s1 ( ref]r+ to ! /ruggles & pov]ty1 ! hopes & ! despair1 ( h] fir/ soj\rn 9 ,london4 ,h] means 7 ne>ly exhau/$4 ,sally1 ! dress]1 us$ to relate3 ,miss ,cu%man liv$ on a mutton-*op a day1 & ,i always b\ght ! bak]'s doz5 ( muff9s = ! sake ( ! extra "o1 & we ate !m all1 no matt] h[ /ale !y 71 & we nev] suff]$ f want ( appetite 9 ^? days4 ,%e f\nd h]self r$uc$ to h] la/ sov]eign1 :5 ,mr4 ,maddox1 ! manag] ( ! ,pr9cess's ,!atre1 came to h] ) a proposal4 ,! wat*ful ,sally report$ t he _h be5 walk+ up & d[n ! /reet = "s "t e>ly 9 ! morn+1 too e>ly = a visit4 ,he is anxi\s1 said ,miss ,cu%man4 ,i c make my own t]ms4 ,he wi%$ h] to appe> ) ,=re/1 ! ,am]ican trag$ian1 !n visit+ ! ,london /age = ! second & la/ "t4 ,%e /ipulat$ t %e %\ld h h] opportunity fir/1 & alone4 ,if successful1 %e 0 will+ to appe> 9 support ( ,=re/4 ,s x 0 agre$4 ,h] fir/ appe>ance ^u ! ,engli% /age 0 made on ,febru>y #ad1 #ahde2 %e assum$ ! "* ( ,bianca1 9 ,dean ,milman's r dull trag$y ( ,fazio4 ,h] triumph 0 indisputable4 ,h] int5sity & vehem5ce completely c>ri$ away ! h\se4 ,z ! pit rose at ,kean's ,%ylock1 s x rose at ,*>lotte ,cu%man's ,bianca4 ,%e wrote to h] "m 9 ,am]ica3 ,all my success put toge!r1 s9ce ,i h be5 ^u ! /age1 w\ld n come ne> my success 9 ,london4 ,! critics describ$1 z ! cr[n+ ef=t ( h] p]=mance1 ! en]gy & pa?os & ab&onm5t ( h] appeal to ,aldabella1 :5 ! wife sacrifices h] pride1 & s9ks1 huddl$ into a heap1 at ! feet ( h] rival1 implor+ h] to save ! life ( ,fazio4 ,miss ,cu%man1 speak+ ( h] fir/ p]=mance 9 ,london1 0 wont to relate h[ %e 0 s completely ov]come1 n only by ! excitem5t ( ! sc5e1 b by ! n]v\s agitation ( ! occasion1 t %e lo/ = ! mom5t h] self-comm&1 & 0 especially grateful = ! long-cont9u$ applause :i* gave h] "t to recov] h]self4 ,:5 %e sl[ly rose at la/ & fac$ ! h\se aga91 ! spectacle ( its en?usiasm ?rill$ & impress$ h] 9 a mann] %e c\ld nev] =get4 ,! audi5ce 7 /&+2 "s _h m\nt$ on ! b5*es2 !re 0 wild wav+ ( hats & h&k]*iefs1 a /orm ( *e]+1 great %[]+ ( b\quets4 ,h] second "* 9 ,london 0 ,lady ,macbe?1 to ! ,macbe? ( ,edw9 ,=re/2 b ! ,am]ican actor fail$ to please1 & ! audi5ce gave free expression to _! discont5t4 ,greatly disgu/$1 ,=re/ )drew1 delud+ himself ) ! belief t he 0 ! victim ( a conspiracy4 ,miss ,cu%man's success knew no abatem5t4 ,%e play$ a r\nd ( p>ts1 assi/$ by ,james ,wallack1 ,leigh ,murray1 & ,mrs4 ,/irl+1 appe>+ n[ z ,rosal9d1 n[ z ,juliana 9 ,! ,honeymoon1 z ,mrs4 ,hall]1 z ,beatrice1 z ,julia 9 ,! ,hun*back4 ,h] second season 0 ev5 m successful ?an h] fir/4 ,aft] a long prov9cial t\r %e appe>$ 9 ,decemb]1 #ahde1 z ,romeo at ! ,haym>ket ,!atre1 !n "u ! managem5t ( ,mr4 ,web/]1 h] si/] ,susan assum+ ! "* ( ,juliet4 ,%e _h s5t = h] family to %>e h] prosp]ity1 & _h e/abli%$ !m 9 a furni%$ h\se at ,bayswat]4 ,h] success z ,romeo 0 v great4 ,! trag$y 0 play$ = eighty nights4 ,h] p]=mance won applause ev5 f ^? mo/ oppos$ to ! repres5tation ( ,%akespe>e's h]o by a woman4 ,= a "t h] int5se e>ne/ness ( spee* & mann]1 ! passion ( h] int]views ) ,juliet1 ! fury ( h] combat ) ,tybalt1 ! despair ( h] clos+ sc5es1 bore d[n all opposition1 sil5c$ criticism1 & excit$ h] audi5ce to an extraord9>y degree4 ,%e appe>$ aft]w>d1 b n 9 ,london1 z ,hamlet1 foll[+ an un=tunate example set by ,mrs4 ,siddons2 & z ,ion 9 ,talf\rd's trag$y ( t "n4 ,9 ,am]ica1 t[>d ! close ( h] c>e]1 %e ev5 v5tur$ to appe> z ,c>d9al ,wolsey1 obta9+ great applause by h] ex]tions 9 ! "*1 & ! skill & =ce ( h] imp]sonation4 ,b hi/rionic feats ( ?is k9d trespass aga9/ good ta/e1 d viol5ce to ! int5tions ( ! dramati/s1 & are1 9 tru?1 dep>tures f ! purpose ( play+4 ,miss ,cu%man _h = excuse--9 ! fir/ in/ance1 at any rate--h] anxiety to =w>d ! pr(essional int]e/s ( h] si/]1 :o1 9 tru?1 _h little qualification = ! /age1 ap>t f h] good looks & h] graces ( mann]4 ,! si/]s _h play$ toge!r 9 ,philadelphia 9 ,! ,g5oese--a drama writt5 by a "y ,am]ican--:51 to give support & enc\ragem5t to ,susan 9 h] p]sonation ( ! h]o9e1 ,*>lotte und]took ! "p ( h] lov]4 ,_! success prompt$ !m to appe> 9 ,romeo & ,juliet4 ,o!r plays1 9 :i* bo? c\ld appe>1 7 aft]w>d select$--su*1 = in/ance1 z ,twelf? ,night1 9 :i* ,*>lotte play$ ,viola to ! ,olivia ( ,susan--s t ! engagem5t ( "o might compel ! engagem5t ( ! o!r4 ,susan1 h[ev]1 quitt$ ! /age 9 #ahdg1 to become ! wife ( ,dr4 ,%]idan ,muspratt1 ( ,liv]pool4 ,illu/ration3 ,*>lotte ,cu%man z ,mrs4 ,hall]4 ,*>lotte ,cu%man call$ few new plays into be+4 ,dramas1 entitl$ ,infatuation1 by ,james ,k5ny1 9 #ahde1 & ,du*ess ,el9\r1 by ! late ,h4 ,f4 ,*orley1 9 #ahed1 7 produc$ = h]1 b 7 summ>ily condemn$ by ! audi5ce1 be+ sc>cely p]mitt$ inde$ a second p]=mance 9 ei!r case4 ,o!rwise1 %e did n add to h] rep]tory4 ,= _m ye>s %e l$ ! life ( a />1 fulfill+ brief engagem5ts "h & !re1 appe>+ n[ = a t]m 9 ,london1 & n[ travell+ ?r\gh ! prov9ces1 play+ "s half a doz5 *>act]s ov] & ov] aga94 ,( ^! ,lady ,macbe?1 ,que5 ,ka!r9e & ,meg ,m]rilies 7 p]haps ! mo/ frequ5tly dem&$4 ,h] fame & =tune %e always dat$ f ! imm$iate recognition %e obta9$ ^u h] fir/ p]=mance 9 ,london4 ,b %e made frequ5t visits to ,am]ica2 inde$1 %e cross$ ! ,atlantic upw>d ( sixte5 times1 says h] biograph]4 ,9 #ahed %e took a h\se 9 ,bolton ,r[1 ,mayfair1 :]e = "s ye>s %e disp5s$ ! mo/ *>m+ & g5ial hospitality1 &1 notably1 ent]ta9$ ,ri/ori on h] fir/ visit to ,engl& 9 #ahef4 ,sev]al w9t]s %e pass$ 9 ,rome1 occupy+ ap>tm5ts 9 ! ,via ,gregoriana1 :]e %e cordially receiv$ a ho/ ( fri5ds & visitors ( all nations4 ,9 #ahei %e 0 call$ to ,engl& by h] si/]'s fatal illness2 9 #ahff %e 0 aga9 summon$ to ,engl& to att5d ! dea?-b$ ( h] "m4 ,9 #ahfj %e 0 play+ 9 all ! *ief cities ( ,am]ica4 ,?ree ye>s lat] %e aga9 visit$ ,am]ica1 h] *ief object be+ to act = ! b5efit ( ! ,sanit>y ,commission1 & aid ! sick & w\nd$ victims ( ! civil w>4 ,dur+ ! late ye>s ( h] life %e appe>$ be=e ! public m z a dramatic read] ?an z an actress4 ,!re 7 long int]vals betwe5 h] !atrical engagem5ts2 %e seem$ to quit h] pr(ession only to return to x aft] an int]val ) r5ew$ appetite1 & %e incurr$ reproa*es because ( ! frequ5cy ( h] f>ewells1 & ! d\bt t prevail$ z to :e!r h] la/ appe>ances 7 really to be ! v la/4 ,x 0 n until #ahgd1 h[ev]1 t %e took f9al leave ( ! ,new ,york /age1 amid extraord9>y en?usiasm1 ) _m poetic & o!r c]emonies4 ,%e 0 ! subject ( addresses 9 prose & v]se4 ,mr4 ,bryant1 aft] an eloqu5t spee*1 t5d]$ h] a laurel wrea? b\nd ) :ite ribbon re/+ ^u a purple velvet cu%ion1 ) a suitable inscription embroid]$ 9 gold5 lett]s2 a tor*be>]s' procession escort$ h] f ! !atre to h] hotel2 %e 0 s]5ad$ at midnight1 & 9 h] honor ,fif? ,av5ue blaz$ ) fireworks4 ,aft] ?is came f>ewells to ,philadelphia1 ,bo/on & o!r cities1 & to ^! succe$$ read+s all ov] ! c\ntry4 ,x is to be said1 h[ev]1 t incessant "w _h become a necessity ) h]1 n because ( its pecuni>y results1 b z a means ( obta9+ m5tal relief or comp>ative =getfulness = a season4 ,dur+ ! la/ five or six ye>s ( h] life %e 0 afflict$ ) an incurable & agoniz+ malady4 ,"u mo/ pa9ful conditions %e toil$ unceas+ly1 mov+ rapidly f place to place1 & pass+ days & nights 9 railway j\rneys4 ,9 a lett] to a fri5d1 %e writes3 ,i d get s dreadfully depress$ ab\t myself1 & all ?+s seem s hopeless to me at ^? times1 t ,i pray ,god to take me quickly at any mom5t1 s t ,i may n torture ^? ,i love by lett+ !m see my pa94 ,b :5 ! d>k h\r passes1 & ,i try to =get by con/ant occupation t ,i h su* a load ne> my he>t1 !n x is n s bad4 ,%e di$ almo/ pa9lessly at la/ on ,febru>y #ah1 #ahgf4 ,*>lotte ,cu%man may assur$ly be acc\nt$ an actress ( g5ius 9 "r ( h] orig9ality1 h] vivid p[] ( depict+ emotion1 ! vehem5ce & int5sity ( h] hi/rionic mann]4 ,h] be/ successes 7 obta9$ 9 trag$y1 al?\gh %e possess$ a ke5 s5se ( humor1 & c\ld deliv] ! witty spee*es ( ,rosal9d or ( ,beatrice ) excell5t po9t & effect4 ,h] ,meg ,m]rilies w probably be rememb]$ z h] mo/ impressive a*ievem5t4 ,x 0 really1 z %e play$ x1 a "* ( h] own inv5tion2 b1 9 tru?1 x tax$ h] intellectual res\rces f> less ?an h] ,bianca1 h] ,que5 ,ka!r9e1 or h] ,lady ,macbe?4 ,h] physical peculi>ities no d\bt limit$ ! range ( h] ef=ts1 h9d]$ h] advance z an actress1 or urg$ h] t[>d exceptional imp]sonations4 ,h] p]=mances lack$ fem99ity1 to use ,col]idge's ^w2 b 9 p[] to /ir an audi5ce1 to t\* _! sympa?ies1 to k9dle _! en?usiasm1 & to compel _! applause1 %e takes rank among ! f9e/ play]s4 ,x only rema9s to add t ,miss ,/ebb9s' f]vid & affect+ biography ( h] fri5d admirably demon/rates t ! woman 0 n less e/imable ?an ! actress2 t ,*>lotte ,cu%man 0 ( noble "*1 intellectual1 l>ge & t5d]he>t$1 ( exempl>y conduct 9 e respect4 ,! simple1 direct e>ne/ness ( h] mann] ^u ! mimic sc5e1 *>act]iz$ h] proce$+s 9 real life4 ,%e 0 at once ! slave & ! b5efactress ( h] family2 %e 0 devot$ly fond ( *ildr52 %e 0 ( lib]al & g5]\s nature2 %e 0 happie/ :5 conf]r+ k9dness ^u o!rs2 h] c>e] ab\nd$ 9 self-sacrifice4 ,%e pret5d$ to few accompli%m5ts1 to little cultivation ( a lit]>y sort2 b %e c\ld write1 z ,miss ,/ebb9s proves1 excell5t lett]s1 n[ grave1 n[ gay1 n[ reflective1 n[ descriptive1 always int]e/+1 & altoge!r rem>kable = s\nd s5se & = =ce & skill ( expression4 ,h] dea? 0 reg>d$ 9 ,am]ica almo/ z a national cata/rophe4 ,z ,miss ,/ebb9s writes1 ,! press ( ! entire c\ntry bore witness to h] greatness1 & laid _! tributes ^u h] tomb4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! foll[+ lett] ( good c\nsel f ,miss ,cu%man to "y ,mr4 ,b>ton is repr9t$1 by p]mission ( ,messrs4 ,h\ghton1 ,miffl9 ,co41 f ! ,life & ,lett]s ( ,*>lotte ,cu%man4 ,i ?9k if y h to wait = a :ile x w d y no h>m4 ,y seem to me q frantic = imm$iate "w2 b tea* y\rself quiet & repose 9 ! "t y are wait+4 ,) half y\r /r5g? ,i c\ld be> to wait & labor ) myself to conqu] frett+4 ,! greate/ p[] 9 ! _w is %[n 9 conque/ ov] self4 ,m life w be work$ out ( y by frett+ ?an all ! /age-play+ 9 ! _w4 ,god bless y1 my poor *ild4 ,y h inde$ tr\ble en\gh2 b y h a /rong & e>ne/ _s1 & y h ! true religion ( labor 9 y\r he>t4 ,!re=e ,i h no fe>s = y let :at w come4 ,let me he> f y at y\r leisure1 & be sure y h no w>m] fri5d ?an ,i am & wi% to be4 ,,ra*el ,by ,,dutton ,,cook 7#ahba-aheh7 ,illu/ration3 ,ra*el4 ,x is told t ,ra*el ,felix 0 born on ,m>* #bd1 #ahba1 at ,munf1 ne> ! t[n ( ,a>au1 9 ! ,canton ( ,a>gau1 ,switz]l&2 ! burgoma/] ( ! di/rict simply not+ 9 8 books t ^u ! day /at$1 at ! little village inn1 ! wife ( a poor p$l] _h giv5 bir? to a female *ild4 ,! entry includ$ no m5tion ( family1 "n1 or religion1 & o!rwise ! ev5t 0 n regi/]$ 9 any civil or religi\s record4 ,! fa!r & "m 7 ,abraham ,felix1 a ,jew1 born 9 ,metz1 b ( ,g]man orig91 & ,e/h] ,haya1 8 wife4 ,!y _h w&]$ ab\t ! cont95t dur+ _m ye>s1 seek+ a liv+ & sc>cely f9d+ x4 ,sev]al *ildr5 7 born to !m by ! wayside1 z x 71 on _! j\rney+s hi!r & ?i!r3 ,s>ah 9 ,g]many1 ,rebecca 9 ,lyons1 ,d9ah 9 ,p>is1 ,ra*el 9 ,switz]l&2 & !re 7 o!r infants :o did n long survive _! bir?1 succumb+ to ! au/]ities ( ! /ate ( life to :i* !y _h be5 call$4 ,= a "t1 p]haps because ( _! num]\s prog5y1 ,m4 & ,madame ,felix settl$ 9 ,lyons4 ,madame ,felix op5$ a small %op & dealt 9 second-h& clo!s2 ,m4 ,felix gave lessons 9 ,g]man to ! v few pupils he c\ld obta94 ,ab\t #ahcj ! family mov$ to ,p>is4 ,!y 7 /ill mis]ably poor4 ,! *ildr5 ,s>ah & ,ra*el1 usually c>ry+ a small] *ild 9 _! arms or :eel+ x ) !m 9 a wood5 c>t1 7 s5t into ! /reets to e>n money by s++ at ! doors ( cafes & e/am9ets4 ,a musical amateur1 "o ,m4 ,mor91 notic$ ! girls1 que/ion$ !m1 int]e/$ himself ab\t !m1 & f9ally obta9$ _! admission into ! ,gov]nm5t ,s*ool ( ,sacr$ ,music 9 ! ,rue ,vaugir>d4 ,ra*el's voice did n promise mu*1 h[ev]2 z %e confess$1 %e c\ld n s+--%e c\ld only recite4 ,%e _h receiv$ b ! scantie/ & meane/ education2 %e read ) difficulty2 %e 0 tea*+ h]self writ+ by copy+ ! manuscript ( o!rs4 ,pres5tly %e 0 /udy+ elocution "u ,m4 ,/4 ,aulaire1 an old actor retir$ f ! ,franais1 :o took pa9s ) ! *ild1 in/ruct+ h] gratuit\sly & call+ h] ma petite diablesse4 ,! p]=mances ( ,m4 ,/4 ,aulaire's pupil 7 occasionally witness$ by ! e/abli%$ play]s1 among !m ,monval ( ! ,gymnase & ,samson ( ! ,comdie4 ,monval approv$ & enc\rag$ ! "y actress1 & ^u ! recomm5dation ( ,samson %e ent]$ ! classes ( ! ,cons]vatoire1 ov] :i* he presid$1 ) ,mi*elot & ,provo/ z 8 co-pr(essors4 ,at ! ,cons]vatoire ,ra*el made little progress4 ,all h] ef=ts fail$ to w9 ! good op9ion ( h] preceptors4 ,9 despair %e resolv$ to ab&on altoge!r ! in/itution1 its classes & p]=mances4 ,%e felt h]self neglect$1 aggriev$1 insult$4 ,t>tuffe _h be5 ann\nc$ = repres5tation by ! pupils2 %e _h be5 assign$ ! mute "p ( ,flipote1 ! s]v+-maid1 :o simply appe>s ^u ! sc5e 9 ! fir/ act t h] e>s may be s\ndly box$ by ,madame ,p]nelle4 ,to ?is humiliation %e w\ld n submit4 ,%e hurri$ to h] old fri5d1 ,/4 ,aulaire1 :o consult$ ,monval1 :o comm5d$ h] to 8 manag]1 ,m4 ,poirson4 ,%e ent]$ into an engagem5t to s]ve ! ,gymnase = a t]m ( ?ree ye>s ^u a sal>y ( #c1jjj francs4 ,m4 ,poirson 0 quick to p]ceive t %e 0 n z s _m o!r beg9n]s 72 t !re 0 some?+ new & />tl+ ab\t ! "y actress4 ,he obta9$ = h] fir/ appe>ance1 f ,m4 ,paul ,duport1 a little melodrama 9 two acts4 ,x 0 call$ ,la ,v5denne1 & ow$ its m /rik+ sc5es to ,! ,he>t ( ,midlo?ian4 ,aft] ! mann] ( ,jeanie ,deans1 ,gnevive1 ! h]o9e ( ! play1 footsore & travel-/a9$1 seeks ! pres5ce ( ! ,empress ,joseph9e to implore ! p>don ( a ,v5dan peasant condemn$ to dea? = foll[+ ,george ,cad\dal4 ,la ,v5denne1 produc$ on ,april #bd1 #ahcg1 & receiv$ ) great applause1 0 play$ on sixty successive nights1 b n to v cr[d$ audi5ces4 ,! press sc>cely notic$ ! new actress4 ,! critic ( ! ,j\rnal des ,dbats1 h[ev]1 :ile ra%ly affirm+ t ,ra*el 0 n a ph5om5on & w\ld nev] be extoll$ z a wond]1 c>efully not$ c]ta9 ( ! m]its & *>act]i/ics ( h] p]=mance4 ,%e 0 an unskill$ *ild1 b %e possess$ he>t1 s\l1 intellect4 ,!re 0 some?+ bold1 abrupt1 unc\? ab\t h] aspect1 gait1 & mann]4 ,%e 0 dress$ simply & tru?fully 9 ! co>se wooll5 g[n ( a peasant-girl2 h] h&s 7 r$2 h] voice 0 h>% & untra9$1 b p[]ful2 %e act$ )\t ef=t or exagg]ation2 %e did n scream or ge/iculate unduly2 %e seem$ to p]ceive intuitively ! feel+ %e 0 requir$ to express1 & c\ld int]e/ ! audi5ce greatly1 mov+ !m to te>s4 ,%e 0 n pretty1 b %e pleas$1 etc4 ,b\ff1 :o witness$ ?is repres5tation1 obs]v$3 ,:at an odd little girl6 ,assur$ly !re is some?+ 9 h]4 ,b h] place is n "h4 ,s judg$ ,samson also1 becom+ m & m aw>e ( ! m]its ( 8 =m] pupil4 ,%e 0 transf]r$ to ! ,franais to play ! lead+ *>act]s 9 trag$y1 at a sal>y ( #d1jjj francs a ye>4 ,m4 ,poirson did n hesitate to cancel h] agreem5t ) him4 ,inde$1 he _h be5 tr\bl$ ) ?9k+ h[ he c\ld employ 8 new actress4 ,%e 0 n an +nue ( ! ord9>y type2 %e c\ld n be class$ among s\brettes4 ,!re 7 no p>ts suit$ to h] 9 ! light com$ies ( ,scribe & 8 compe]s1 :i* con/itut$ ! *ief rep]tory ( ! ,gymnase4 ,x 0 on ,june #ab1 #ahch1 t ,ra*el1 z ,camille1 9 ,horace1 made h] fir/ appe>ance ^u ! /age ( ! ,?tre ,franais4 ,! receipts 7 b sev5 hundr$ & fifty francs2 x 0 an unfa%ionable p]iod ( ! ye>2 ,p>is 0 out ( t[n2 ! wea!r 0 mo/ sultry4 ,!re 7 _m ,jews 9 ! h\se1 x 0 said1 resolute to support ! daught] ( ,israel1 & h] success 0 unequivocal2 nev]!less1 a l>ge %>e ( ! applause ( ! night 0 confess$ly c>ri$ (f by ! vet]an ,joanny1 :o play$ ,horace4 ,on ,june #af? ,ra*el made h] second appe>ance1 p]sonat+ ,emilie 9 ! ,c9na1 ( ,corneille4 ,! receipts fell to five hundr$ & fifty francs4 ,%e repeat$ h] p]=mance ( ,camille on ! #bc;d2 ! receipts 7 only ?ree hundr$ francs6 ! poore/ h\se1 p]haps1 %e ev] play$ to 9 ,p>is4 ,%e aft]w>d appe>$ z ,h]mione 9 ,&romaque1 ,amnaide 9 ,tancrde1 ,eriphile 9 ,iphignie1 ,monime 9 ,mi?ridate1 & ,roxane 9 ,bajazet1 ! receipts n[ gradually ris+1 until1 9 ,octob]1 :5 %e play$ ,h]mione = ! t5? "t1 six ?\s& francs 7 tak5 at ! doors1 an equal am\nt be+ receiv$ 9 ,novemb]1 :51 = ! six? "t1 %e appe>$ z ,camille4 ,p>is 0 n[ at h] feet4 ,9 #ahci1 call$ ^u to play two or ?ree times p] week1 %e essay$ b "o new "p1 ,e/h]1 9 ,rac9e's trag$y ( t "n4 ,! public 0 q cont5t t %e %\ld assume aga9 & aga9 ! *>act]s 9 :i* %e _h already triumph$4 ,9 #ahdj %e add$ to h] li/ ( imp]sonations ,laodie & ,paul9e 9 ,corneille's ,nicomde & ,polyeucte1 & ,m>ie ,/u>t 9 ,lebrun's trag$y4 ,9 #ahda %e play$ no new p>ts4 ,9 #ahdb %e fir/ appe>$ z ,*imne 9 ,le ,cid1 z ,ariane1 & z ,frdgonde 9 a wret*$ trag$y by ,le ,m]ci]4 ,ra*el _h sav$ ! ,?tre ,franais1 _h giv5 back to ! /age ! ma/]pieces ( ! ,fr5* classical drama4 ,x 0 v well = ,?ack]ay to write f ,p>is 9 #ahci t ! actress _h only galvaniz$ ! corpse1 n revivifi$4444 ,rac9e w nev] come to life aga9 & cause audi5ces to weep z ( yore4 ,he pr$ict$3 ,anci5t ,fr5* trag$y1 r$-heel$1 pat*$1 & bep]iwigg$1 lies 9 ! grave1 & x is only ! gho/ ( x t ! fair ,jewess has rais$4 ,b x 0 some?+ m ?an a galvaniz$ animation t ,ra*el _h imp>t$ to ! old drama ( ,france4 ,dur+ h] c>e] ( tw5ty ye>s1 h] p]=mances ( ,rac9e & ,corneille fill$ ! c(f]s ( ! ,franais1 & x may be trac$ to h] influ5ce & example t ! classic plays /ill keep _! place ^u ! /age & /ir ! ambition ( ! play]s4 ,b n[ ! committee ( ! ,franais _h to reckon ) _! lead+ actress1 & pay ! price ( ! prosp]ity %e _h br\ght !m4 ,!y cancell$ h] engagem5t & (f]$ h] t]ms su* z seem$ to !m lib]al beyond all prec$5t4 ,b ! m !y (f]$1 s mu* ! m 0 dem&$4 ,9 ! fir/ in/ance1 ! actress be+ a m9or1 negotiations 7 c>ri$ on ) h] fa!r1 ! committee d5\nc+ 9 ! bitt]e/ t]ms ! av>ice & rapacity ( ,m4 ,felix4 ,b :5 ,ra*el became compet5t to deal on h] own behalf1 %e prov$ h]self e :it z exact+ z h] sire4 ,%e became a socitaire 9 #ahdc1 entitl$ to "o ( ! tw5ty-f\r %>es into :i* ! pr(its ( ! in/itution 7 divid$4 ,%e 0 rew>d$1 moreov]1 ) a sal>y ( =ty-two ?\s& francs p] annum2 & x 0 e/imat$ t by h] p]=mances dur+ h] cong ( ?ree or f\r mon?s e ye> %e e>n$ a fur!r annual income ( ?irty ?\s& francs4 ,%e met ) extraord9>y success ^u h] prov9cial t\rs2 enorm\s pr(its result$ f h] repeat$ visits to ,holl& & ,belgium1 ,g]many1 ,russia1 & ,engl&4 ,b1 f fir/ to la/1 ,ra*el's connection ) ! ,franais 0 an incessant qu>rel4 ,%e 0 caprici\s1 ungrateful1 unscrupul\s1 extortionate4 ,%e /ruggl$ to evade h] duties1 to d z little z %e possibly c\ld 9 return = ! l>ge sums %e receiv$ f ! committee4 ,%e pret5d$ to be too ill to play 9 ,p>is1 ! :ile %e 0 always well en\gh to hurry away & obta9 great rew>ds by h] p]=mances 9 ! prov9ces4 ,%e wore h]self out by h] endless w&]+s hi!r & ?i!r1 h] cont9u\s ef=ts ^u ! sc5e4 ,%e d5i$ h]self all re/1 or slept 9 a travell+ c>riage to save "t 9 h] passage f "o c\ntry !atre to ano!r4 ,h] company compla9$ t !y fell asleep z !y act$1 h] engagem5ts d5y+ !m prop] opportunities ( repose4 ,! newspap]s at "o "t set =? ! acrimoni\s lett]s %e _h int]*ang$ ) ! committee ( ! ,franais4 ,f9ally %e t5d$ h] resignation ( ! position %e occupi$ z socitaire2 ! committee took legal proce$+s to compel h] to return to h] duties2 "s concessions 7 made on ei!r side1 h[ev]1 & a reconciliation 0 pat*$ up4 ,! new trag$ies1 ,judi? & ,clopatre1 writt5 = ! actress by ,madame de ,gir>d91 fail$ to please1 nor did success att5d ! production ( ,m4 ,rom&'s ,ca!r9e ,,ii41 ,m4 ,s\met's ,jeanne d',arc1 9 :i*1 to ! indignation ( ! critics1 ! h]o9e 0 se5 at la/ surr\nd$ by real flames6 or ,le ,vieux de la ,montagne ( ,m4 ,lat\r de ,/4 ,yb>s4 ,) bett] =tune ,ra*el appe>$ 9 ! same au?or's ,virg9ie1 & 9 ! ,lucrce ( ,pons>d4 ,voltaire's ,ore/e 0 reviv$ = h] 9 #ahde t %e might play ,electre4 ,%e p]sonat$ ,rac9e's ,a?alie 9 #ahdg1 assum+ long :ite locks1 pa9t+ furr[s on h] face1 & disguis+ h]self beyond recognition1 9 h] det]m9ation to seem completely ! "* %e _h und]tak54 ,9 #ahdh %e play$ ,agripp9e 9 ! ,britannicus ( ,rac9e1 & dress$ 9 pla9 :ite musl91 & clasp+ ! tri-color$ flag to h] he>t1 %e deliv]$ ! ,m>seillaise to please ! ,revolutioni/s1 l5d+ ! air /range mean+ & passion by ! int5sity ( h] mann]1 z %e half *ant$1 half recit$ ! words1 h] voice n[ %rill & h>%1 n[ deep1 holl[1 & rev]b]at+--h] enraptur$ auditors lik5+ x 9 effect to di/ant ?und]4 ,to ! dramati/s :o s\ght to supply h] ) new p>ts1 ,ra*el 0 ! occasion ( mu* *agr9 & p]plexity4 ,aft] accept+ ,scribe's ,adri5ne ,lec\vreur %e reject$ x absolutely only to resume x eag]ly1 h[ev]1 :5 %e le>n$ t ! lead+ "* 0 to be und]tak5 by ,mademoiselle ,rose ,*ri4 ,8 ,*&eli] hav+ met ) success1 ,ra*el appli$ to ,de ,musset = a play4 ,%e 0 (f]$1 x seems1 ,les ,caprices de ,m>ianne1 b meantime ! poet's ,bett9e fail$1 & ! actress di/ru/fully turn$ away f him4 ,an und]tak+ to appe> 9 ! ,m$ea ( ,leg\v l&$ h] 9 a protract$ lawsuit4 ,! c\rts condemn$ h] 9 damages to ! am\nt ( two hundr$ francs = e day %e delay$ play+ ! "p ( ,m$ea aft] ! date fix$ ^u by ! managem5t = ! comm5cem5t ( ! rehe>sals ( ! trag$y4 ,%e paid no?+1 h[ev]1 = ! managem5t fail$ to fix any su* date4 ,m4 ,leg\v 0 only av5g$ 9 ! success 8 play obta9$1 9 a translat$ =m1 at ! h&s ( ,madame ,ri/ori4 ,9 lieu ( ,m$ea ,ra*el produc$ ,rosemonde1 a trag$y by ,m4 ,lat\r de ,/4 ,yb>s1 :i* fail$ completely4 ,o!r plays writt5 = h] 7 ! ,valria ( ,,mm4 ,lacroix & ,maquet1 9 :i* %e p]sonat$ two *>act]s--! ,empress ,messal9a & h] half si/]1 ,lysisca1 a c\rtesan2 ! ,diane1 ( ,m4 ,augi]1 an imitation ( ,victor ,hugo's ,m>ion ,delorme2 ,lady ,t>tuffe1 a com$y by ,madame de ,gir>d92 & ,la ,cz>9e1 by ,m4 ,scribe4 ,%e appe>$ also 9 c]ta9 ( ! *>act]s orig9ally contriv$ = ,mademoiselle ,mais1 su* z ,la ,tisbe 9 ,victor ,hugo's ,angelo1 & ! h]o9es ( ,dumas's ,mademoiselle de ,belle ,isle & ( ,l\ise de ,lign]olles by ,,mm4 ,leg\v & ,d9aux4 ,! classical drama ( ,france has n f\nd mu* favor 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica4 ,we are all1 p]haps1 apt to ?9k ) ,?ack]ay disrespectfully ( ! old trag$ies--well-nigh dead1 & full "t too--9 :i* half a doz5 *>act]s appe> & %\t sonor\s ,alex&r9es = half a doz5 h\rs2 or we are dispos$ to agree ) ,mr4 ,mat!w ,arnold1 t _! drama1 be+ fundam5tally insuffici5t bo? 9 sub/ance & 9 =m1 ! ,fr5*1 ) all _! gifts1 h n1 z we h1 an adequate =m = poetry ( ! highe/ class4 ,^? :o rememb] ,ra*el1 h[ev]1 c te/ify t %e brea!d ! mo/ ard5t life into ! frigid rema9s ( ,rac9e & ,corneille1 relum$ !m ) ,prome!an heat1 & %[$ !m to be in/9ct ) ! true/ & int5se/ passion--,:5 %e occupi$ ! sc5e1 !re c\ld be no ?\ght ( ! old artificial times ( hair p[d] & r\ge1 p]iwigs & pat*es1 9 connection ) ! *>act]s %e repres5t$4 ,phdre & ,h]mione1 ,paul9e & ,camille1 int]pret$ by h] g5ius1 became z real & natural1 w>m & palpitat+1 z ,con/ance or ,lady ,macbe? c\ld h be5 :5 play$ by ,mrs4 ,siddons1 or z ,juliet :5 imp]sonat$ by ,miss ,o',neill4 ,be=e ,ra*el came1 x _h be5 ?\ght t ! new romantic drama ( ,,mm4 ,hugo & ,dumas1 because ( its great] tru? to nature1 _h giv5 ! c\p de grce to ! old classic plays2 b ! public1 at h] bidd+1 turn$ gladly f ! spasms & ! rant ( ,angelo & ,angle1 ,antony & ,h]nani1 to ! old-_w /ories1 ! =mal trag$ies ( ! sev5te5? c5tury poet-dramati/s ( ,france4 ,! actress fairly wit*$ h] public4 ,!re 0 some?+ ( magic 9 h] v pres5ce ^u ! sc5e4 ,none c\ld fail to be impress$ by ! aspect ( ! slight1 pallid woman :o seem$ to ga9 height by reason ( h] sl5d]ness1 :o mov$ t[>d h] audi5ce ) su* simple natural maje/y1 :o wore & conduct$ h] flu5t classical drap]ies ) su* admirable & p]fect grace4 ,x 0 z ?\gh %e _h liv$ always s attir$ 9 tunic1 peplum1 & pallium--_h kn[n no o!r dress--n t %e 0 ( mod]n times play+ at antiquity1 %e 0 ! muse ( ,greek trag$y 9 p]son4 ,! physical traditions ( h] race f\nd expression or inc>nation 9 h]4 ,h] face 0 ( ref9$ ,judaical "*--! ?9 nose slightly curv$1 ! l[] lip a trifle full1 b ! m\? exquisitely %ap$1 & ! tee? small1 :ite1 & ev54 ,! pr(use black-br[n hair 0 smoo!d & braid$ f ! broad1 l[1 :ite1 some:at ov]-hang+ br[1 b5ea? :i* 9 %ad[ ! ke5 black eyes fla%$ out _! lightn+s1 or gl[$ luridly l coals at a r$ heat4 ,h] ge/ures 7 rem>kable = _! dignity & appropriat5ess2 ! long1 slight arms l5t !mselves surpris+ly to gracefulness2 ! beautifully =m$ h&s1 ) ! ?9 tap]+ f+]s & ! p9k filb]t nails1 seem$ always trembl+ly on ! al]t to add significance or acc5t to h] spee*es4 ,b !re 0 eloqu5ce 9 h] v sil5ce & complete repose4 ,%e c\ld relate a :ole hi/ory by h] *anges ( facial expression4 ,%e possess$ special p[]s ( self-control2 %e 0 "u subjection to bo? art & nature :5 %e seem$ to ab&on h]self ! mo/ absolutely to ! :irlw9d ( h] passion4 ,!re 7 no undue excesses ( po/ure1 movem5t1 or tone4 ,h] attitudes1 x 0 once said1 7 ^? ( a ,py?oness ca/ 9 bronze4 ,h] voice ?rill$ & aw$ at its fir/ note3 x 0 s /rangely deep1 s solemnly melodi\s1 until1 /irr$ by passion z x 71 x became ?ick & husky 9 c]ta9 ( its tones2 b x 0 always audible1 articulate1 & tell+1 :e!r sunk to a :isp] or rais$ clamor\sly4 ,h] declamation 0 sup]b1 if1 z critics report$1 !re _h be5 decl9e 9 ?is matt] dur+ ^? lat] ye>s ( h] life1 to :i* my own acqua9tance ) ,ra*el's act+ is conf9$4 ,i saw h] fir/ at ! ,franais 9 #ahdi1 & ,i 0 pres5t at h] la/ p]=mance at ! ,/4 ,james' ,!atre 9 #ahec1 hav+ 9 ! int]val witness$ h] assumption ( c]ta9 ( h] mo/ admir$ *>act]s4 ,& x may be true1 too1 t1 l ,kean1 %e 0 m & m dispos$1 z ! ye>s pass$1 to make po9ts1 to slur ov] ! less important sc5es1 & res]ve h]self = a gr& outbur/ or a vehem5t climax1 sacrific+ ?us _m ( ! subtl] graces1 ref9em5ts1 & graduations ( elocution1 = :i* %e _h once be5 fam\s4 ,to ,engli% e>s1 x 0 h>dly an (f5ce t %e broke up ! s+-song ( ! rhym$ tirades ( ! old plays & gave !m a m natural s\nd1 reg>dless ( ! traditional me?ods ( spee* ( ,clairon1 ,le ,ka91 & o!rs ( ! great ,fr5* play]s ( ! pa/4 ,illu/ration3 ,ra*el z ! ,muse ( ,greek ,trag$y4 ,less success ?an _h be5 look$ = att5d$ ,ra*el's invasion ( ! rep]tory ( ,mlle4 ,m>s1 an actress s idoliz$ by ! ,p>isians t h] sixty ye>s & great portl9ess ( =m 7 n ?\ght h9drances to h] p]sonation ( ! y\?ful h]o9es ( mod]n com$y & drama4 ,b ,ra*el's fitte/ occupation & h] greate/ triumphs 7 f\nd 9 ! classical poetic plays4 ,%e1 p]haps1 intellectualiz$ too mu* ! creations ( ,hugo1 ,dumas1 & ,scribe2 gave !m excess ( maje/y4 ,h] hi/rionic /yle 0 too exalt$ an ideal = ! conv5tional *>act]s ( ! drama ( h] own "t2 x 0 ev5 said ( h] t %e c\ld n speak its prose prop]ly or tol]ably4 ,%e dislik$ ! hair-p[d] necess>y to ,adri5ne ,lec\vreur & ,gabrielle de ,belle ,isle1 al?\gh h] beauty1 = all its sev]ity1 did n lose picturesqu5ess 9 ! co/umes ( ! "t ( ,l\is ,,xv4 ,z ,gabrielle %e 0 m girli% & g5tle1 pa!tic1 & t5d]1 ?an 0 h] wont1 :ile ! signal f]vor ( h] spee* address$ to ,ri*elieu1 beg9n+1 ,v\s m5tez1 ,monsieur le ,duc1 /irr$ ! audi5ce to ! mo/ excit$ applause4 ,ra*el 0 se5 ^u ! /age = ! la/ "t at ,*>le/on on ,decemb] #ag1 #ahef4 ,%e play$ ,adri5ne ,lec\vreur4 ,%e _h be5 tempt$ to ,am]ica by ! prospect ( extravagant pr(its4 ,x _h be5 d9n$ into h] e>s t ,j5ny ,l9d1 by ?irty-eight p]=mances 9 ,am]ica1 _h realiz$ sev5te5 hundr$ ?\s& francs4 ,:y might n %e1 ,ra*el1 receive z mu*8 ,& !n1 %e 0 eag] to quit ,p>is4 ,!re _h be5 /range wor%ip !re ( ,madame ,ri/ori1 ev5 9 ! reject$ "p ( ,m$ea4 ,b already ,ra*el's heal? 0 9 a deplorable /ate4 ,h] con/itution1 nev] v /rong1 _h suff]$ sev]ely f ! cruel fatigues1 ! incessant ex]tions1 %e _h und]gone4 ,x may be1 too1 t ! deprivations & suff]+s ( h] *ildhood n[ made !mselves felt z ov]-due claims t c\ld be no long] d5i$ or def]r$4 ,%e =c$ h]self to play1 9 fulfilm5t ( h] engagem5t1 b %e 0 languid1 weak1 emaciat$2 %e c\gh$ incessantly1 h] /r5g? 0 gone2 %e 0 dy+ sl[ly b c]ta9ly ( ph?isis4 ,& %e appe>$ be=e an audi5ce t applaud$ h]1 x is true1 b c>$ no?+ = ,rac9e & ,corneille1 knew little ( ! ,fr5* language1 & 7 urg5t t %e %\ld s+ ! ,m>seillaise z %e _h sung x 9 #ahdh6 ,x 0 =gott51 or x 0 n kn[n 9 ,am]ica1 t ! actress _h long s9ce r5\nc$ revolution>y s5tim5ts to esp\se ! cause ( ! ,second ,empire4 ,%e p]=m$ all h] m important *>act]s1 h[ev]1 at ,new ,york1 ,philadelphia1 & ,bo/on4 ,nor 0 ! und]tak+ comm]cially disappo9t+1 if x did n :olly satisfy expectation4 ,%e return$ to ,france possess$ ( ne>ly ?ree hundr$ ?\s& francs z h] %>e ( ! pr(its ( h] =ty-two p]=mances 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 b %e return$ to die4 ,! w9t] ( #ahef %e pass$ at ,cairo4 ,%e return$ to ,france 9 ! spr+ ( #aheg1 b h] physicians =bade h] to rema9 long 9 ,p>is4 ,9 ,septemb] %e mov$ aga9 to ! ,s\?1 f9d+ h] la/ retreat 9 ! villa ,s>d\1 at ,cannet1 a little village 9 ! environs ( ,cannes4 ,%e l+]$ to ,janu>y #c1 #aheh4 ,! ,?tre ,franais clos$ its doors :5 news arriv$ ( h] dea?1 & aga9 on ! day ( h] fun]al4 ,! body 0 embalm$ & br\ght to ,p>is = int]m5t 9 ! cemet]y ( ,pre la ,*aise1 ! obsequies be+ p]=m$ 9 accordance ) ! ,jewi% rites4 ,! mo/ em95t ( ! au?ors & actors ( ,france 7 pres5t1 & fun]al orations 7 deliv]$ by ,,mm4 ,jules ,jan91 ,bataille1 & ,augu/e ,maquet4 ,victor ,hugo 0 9 exile2 or1 z ,jan9 ann\nc$1 ! au?or ( ,angelo w\ld n h )held ! tribute ( 8 eulogy ^u ! sad occasion4 ,,edw9 ,,boo?#ae ,footnote #ae3 ,copyright1 #ahid1 by ,selm> ,hess4 ,by ,,cl>5ce ,,cook 7#ahcc-ahic7 ,illu/ration3 ,edw9 ,boo?4 ,! great actor :o has lately left ! _w furni%$1 9 8 own rem>kable "* & %9+ c>e]1 a /rik+ exception to ! popul> tradition t m5 ( g5ius are ! fa!rs ( ord9>y sons4 ,! fa!r ( ,edw9 ,boo? 0 9 8 "t "o ( ! glories ( ! ,engli% & ,am]ican /age2 b1 ev5 9 8 case ! /rict rule wav]$1 = 8 fa!r1 ?\gh n a g5ius1 0 yet a man ( exceptional "*2 "o :o m>k$ out a cle> pa? = himself 9 ! _w1 & walk$ 9 x to ! end4 ,h[ f> back ! l9e ( ! family c be trac$1 or :at 0 its orig91 we d n "k2 b x has lately be5 said t ! family 0 ( ,hebrew extraction1 & came into ,engl& f ,spa91 :]e x _h be5 kn[n by ! ,spani% "n1 ,cabana4 ,! bran* ( ! family t left ,spa9 to live 9 ,engl& translat$ ! "n into ! language ( _! new home1 & f ,cabana1 a %eph]d's cab91 made ! ,engli% equival5t1 ,boo?4 ,h[ev] x may h be5 9 ?is case1 x 0 q 9 ! ord] ( ?+s t ?is *ange ( "n %\ld be made4 ,x has be5 done ev]y:]e 9 ,europe s9ce v e>ly times1 & is do+ to-day 9 ?is c\ntry by new com]s f all p>ts ( ! old _w4 ,! fir/ ( ! ,boo?s we read ( 9 ,engl& 0 a silv]smi?1 liv+ 9 ,bloomsbury1 ,london1 9 ! latt] half ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,he _h a son1 ,ri*>d1 :o 0 br$ to ! law1 b :o 0 s imbu$ ) ! republican ideas rife at ! "t t he actually came to ,am]ica to fight 9 ! cause ( ,indep5d5ce6 ,he 0 tak5 prison]1 & c>ri$ back to ,engl&1 :]e1 n )\t "s /ruggles1 he aga9 appli$ himself to ! practice ( ! law1 & 9 "t made a =tune4 ,he did n1 h[ev]1 =get ,am]ica1 & we are told t he _h1 hang+ 9 8 h\se1 a portrait ( ,wa%+ton1 :i* he expect$ all 8 visitors to salute4 ,"o ( ! ways 9 :i* ! republicans ( t "t %[$ :]e _! sympa?ies lay1 0 9 nam+ _! *ildr5 aft] ! h]oes ( ,greece & ,rome2 & accord+ly we f9d ,ri*>d ,boo? call+ 8 elde/ son1 ,junius ,brutus ,boo?1 aft] ! ,roman patriot4 ,?is son 0 born 9 ,london1 9 #agif4 ,8 fa!r 0 a man ( s*ol>ly ta/es1 & gave ! boy a classical education1 b x 0 long be=e he %[$ a m>k$ incl9ation = any p>ticul> walk 9 life4 ,he tri$ 8 h& at pa9t+1 sculpture1 & poetry2 & = a :ile /udi$ law ) 8 fa!r4 ,b1 :5 ! "t came to *oose1 he gave 8 voice = ! navy1 & w\ld h jo9$ ! brig ,box]1 !n fitt+ out = ,nova ,scotia4 ,b1 z w> ?reat5$ betwe5 ,engl& & ,am]ica1 he 0 induc$1 by ! /rong p]suasions ( 8 fa!r1 n to run ! risk ( be+ =c$ to fight aga9/ ,am]ica4 ,he !n decid$ to g ^u ! /age1 &1 9 spite ( 8 fa!r's remon/rances1 c>ri$ out 8 purpose4 ,aft] "s unimportant essays he at la/ succe$$ 9 attract+ public att5tion1 & be=e long %[$ su* unmi/akable ability 9 deal+ ) difficult p>ts1 t ! public1 till t "t undivid$ 9 its en?usiasm = ,kean1 awoke to ! fact t a dang]\s rival ?reat5$ ! security ( _! idol's ?rone4 ,9 ! mid/ ( 8 successes1 h[ev]1 ,boo? m>ri$ & left ,engl& ) 8 wife = a honeymoon trip to ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,he _h int5d$ to return at once to ,engl&1 b he 0 p]suad$ to prolong 8 j\rney & to visit ,new ,york4 ,aft] play+ a successful engagem5t !re he w5t to ,ri*mond1 :]e he 0 no less prosp]\s4 ,he next visit$ ,new ,orleans & acquir$ su* facility 9 speak+ ,fr5* t he play$ p>ts 9 ,fr5* plays m ?an acceptably1 & di/+ui%$ himself by act+ ,ore/es 9 ,rac9e's ,&romaque1 to ! delight ( ! ,fr5*-speak+ population4 ,8 acc5t is said to h be5 rem>kable = its purity4 ,return+ to ,new ,york1 he act$ ,o!llo to ,=re/'s ,iago2 b1 9 ! mid/ ( 8 successes1 ! dea? ( two ( 8 *ildr5 produc$ a tempor>y insanity1 & ?is 0 made worse by ! news ( ! dea? ( 8 favorite son1 ,h5ry ,byron1 9 ,london1 ( small-pox4 ,?is griev\s loss 01 h[ev]1 to be made up to him by 8 son1 ,edw91 9 :om he 0 to f9d ! c\nt]p>t ( himself1 s(t5$1 ref9$1 ennobl$1 :ile betwe5 fa!r & son 0 to gr[ a /rong atta*m5t1 a bond ( mutual affection to la/ z long z life %\ld endure4 ,edw9 ,?omas ,boo? 0 born at ,bel ,air1 ,m>yl&1 ,novemb] #ab1 #ahcc4 ,he 0 nam$ ,edw91 aft] 8 fa!r's fri5d1 ,edw9 ,=re/1 & ,?omas1 aft] ,?omas ,flynn1 ! actor1 :om ! eld] ,boo? _h kn[n intimately 9 ,london4 ,8 son dropp$ ! "n ( ,?omas1 lat] 9 life1 & 0 only kn[n to ! public by ! "n ( ,edw9 ,boo?4 ,ow+ to 8 fa!r's w&]+ life ,edw9 _h few advantages ( education1 b he made ! mo/ ( 8 opportunities1 & inde$ 0 a /ud5t ( good lett]s all 8 life1 turn+ ! light ( all he le>n$ f books & exp]i5ce ^u 8 art4 ,8 y\? is describ$ z retic5t1 & m>k$ by a /rong individuality1 ) a deep sympa?y = 8 fa!r1 e>ly manife/$2 8 fa!r1 a mu* endur+1 suff]+ man1 /rongly 9 ne$ ( sympa?y1 kn[+ to repay x1 too1 9 k9d4 ,edw9 ,boo? made 8 fir/ appe>ance on ! /age 9 #ahdi at ! ,bo/on ,museum 9 ! y\?ful "p ( ,tressil1 9 ,colley ,cibb]'s v]sion ( ,%akespe>e's ,ri*>d ,,iii4 ,x _h be5 aga9/ 8 fa!r's wi%es t he _h adopt$ ! /age z a pr(ession2 b1 z 8 fa!r _h done 9 a l case be=e him he p]sev]$1 & soon _h ! satisfaction ( conv9c+ 8 p>5t t he _h decid$ wisely4 ,he did n at once come to ,new ,york aft] 8 success 9 ,bo/on1 b w5t to ,provid5ce & to ,philadelphia1 act+ ,cassio 9 ,o!llo1 & ,wil=d 9 ! ,iron ,*e/1 a "p he soon made 8 own & 9 :i* he made 8 fir/ appe>ance 9 ,new ,york1 play+ at ! ,national ,!atre 9 ,*a?am ,/reet1 9 #ahej4 ,! next ye> he play$ ,ri*>d ,,iii4 = ! fir/ "t1 tak+ ! "p unexpect$ly to fill ! place ( 8 fa!r1 :o 0 sudd5ly ill4 ,9 #aheb he w5t out ) 8 fa!r to ,san ,francisco1 :]e 8 bro!r1 ,junius ,brutus ,boo?1 ,jr41 0 ! manag] ( a !atre2 & ! fa!r & 8 two sons act$ toge!r4 ,at ,sacram5to1 we are told t ! incid5t occurr$ :i* l$ ,edw9 ,boo? to ?9k ( act+ ,hamlet1 a "p :i* 0 to become z closely associat$ ) 8 "n z t ( ,ri*>d ,,iii4 0 ) 8 fa!r4 ,he 0 dress$ = ! "p ( ,jaffi] 9 ,otway's play1 ,v5ice ,pres]v$1 :5 "s "o said to him ,y look l ,hamlet1 :y n play x8 ,x 01 h[ev]1 "s "t be=e he v5tur$ to assume ! "p4 ,9 ,octob]1 #aheb1 ! fa!r & son p>t$1 n to meet aga94 ,! eld] ,boo? w5t to ,new ,orleans1 & aft] play+ = a week took passage 9 a /eamboat on ! ,mississippi1 & cat*+ a sev]e cold succumb$ aft] a few days' illness & di$4 ,= a :ile aft] 8 fa!r's dea? ,edw9 suff]$ greatly f pov]ty & f ! h>d%ips ( 8 prec>i\s life1 unsu/a9$ z he n[ 0 by ! affection & enc\ragem5t ( a fa!r :o1 ) all 8 faults1 & 9 all ! mis=tunes br\ght on by s]i\s ill-heal? & "s ab]rations t 7 ! effect ( ill-heal? _h always be5 an affectionate & true fri5d4 ,b a tal5t su* z ,edw9 ,boo? possess$1 unit$ to a high "*1 & to a dauntless _s1 c\ld n long be hid1 & 9 a %ort "t 8 "n began to be he>d ( z t ( "o de/9$ to great ends4 ,9 #ahed he w5t to ,au/ralia z a memb] ( ,laura ,ke5e's company4 ,he _h made a deep impression 9 ,cali=nia1 act+ su* p>ts z ,ri*>d ,,iii41 ,%ylock1 ,macbe?1 & ,hamlet1 & on return+ !re f ,au/ralia t fir/ impression 0 greatly /r5g!n$4 ,on leav+ ,san ,francisco he receiv$ v>i\s te/imonials %[+ ! high e/eem 9 :i* 8 act+ 0 held by ! educat$ "p ( ! community2 b ?r\gh\t ,edw9 ,boo?'s c>e]1 ! int]e/ he excit$ 9 ! va/ audi5ces t foll[$ him 0 by no means conf9$ to ! self-/yl$ be/ p4 ,?\gh he nev] play$ to ! gall]y1 ! he>t ( ! gall]y 0 z mu* ) him z ! he>t ( ! boxes1 & he knew ! value ( its rapt sil5ce z well z ( its /ormy voices4 ,9 ,bo/on1 9 #aheg1 he play$ ,sir ,giles ,ov]rea*1 9 ,mass+]'s ,a ,new ,way to ,pay ,old ,debts1 & ! pr(\nd impression he made 9 x confirm$ him 9 8 purpose to devote himself to tragic act+4 ,! /ory ( an actor's life is seldom ev5tful1 & ,mr4 ,boo?'s hi/ory1 aft] 8 fir/ assur$ success1 is ! record ( a long l9e ( triumphs )\t a failure4 ,! mo/ rem>kable ( ^! triumphs 0 at ! ,w9t] ,g>d5 ,!atre 9 ,new ,york1 :]e he act$ ,hamlet to l>ge & ev]-increas+ audi5ces = ov] "o hundr$ successive nights1 t is1 f ,novemb] #ba1 #ahfd1 to ,m>* #bd1 #ahfe4 ,on ?is occasion a gold m$al 0 pres5t$ to ! actor by fri5ds & admir]s 9 ,new ,york2 ! li/ ( subscrib]s includ+ ! names ( _m well-kn[n citiz5s4 ,! ,w9t] ,g>d5 ,!atre 0 manag$ by ,boo? & 8 bro!r-9-law1 ! clev] actor1 ,j4 ,s4 ,cl>ke1 until ,boo? b\ght out ,cl>ke & assum$ ! entire managem5t himself4 ,9 #ahfe ! t]rible trag$y occurr$ :i* blight$ ,boo?'s :ole aft]-life1 & = a "t drove him f ! /age4 ,he did n act aga9 until #ahff2 9 #ahfg ! !atre 0 de/roy$ by fire1 & 9 #ahfh ! corn]-/one ( a new build+1 to be kn[n z ,boo?'s ,!atre1 0 laid1 & 9 a %ort "t ,new ,york 0 9 possession1 = ! fir/ "t1 ( a ?or\ghly appo9t$1 com=table1 & h&some !atre4 ,?is build+ 0 made fam\s by a numb] ( ,%akespe>ian revivals t = beauty1 magnific5ce1 & sc5ic poetry h1 we believe1 nev] be5 equall$4 ,we d\bt if ,hamlet1 ,julius ,cs>1 or ,romeo & ,juliet1 h ev] be5 pres5t$ ) m satisfy+ complet5ess to ! eye & to ! imag9ation ?an 9 ?is !atre by ,mr4 ,boo? & 8 company4 ,al?\gh ! !atre 0 9 exi/5ce = ?irte5 ye>s1 f #ahfh to #ahhb1 :5 x 0 f9ally clos$1 ,mr4 ,boo?'s managem5t la/$ only ab\t half t "t4 ,! speculation 0 n a =tunate "o = ! actor2 ! exp5ses ate up all ! pr(its1 & ,mr4 ,boo? 0 bankrupt$ by 8 v5ture4 ,he paid all 8 debts1 h[ev]1 & w5t bravely to "w to build up a new =tune4 ,he made a t\r ( ! ,s\?1 :i* 0 "o long ovation1 & 9 a season ( eight weeks 9 ,san ,francisco he took 9 #if1jjj4 ,9 #ahhj he w5t to ,engl& & rema9$ !re two ye>s4 ,9 #ahhb he visit$ ,g]many1 act+ 9 bo? c\ntries ) great success1 & 9 #ahhc he return$ home & made a t\r ( ,am]ica1 repeat+ ev]y:]e 8 old triumphs1 & w9n+ gold5 op9ions f all classes ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,edw9 ,boo? di$ 9 ,new ,york1 ,june #g1 #ahic1 at ! ,play]s' ,club1 :]e he _h liv$ = ! la/ few ye>s ( 8 life4 ,?is 0 a build+ erect$ by 8 own munific5ce1 fitt$ up ) luxuri\s complet5ess1 & pres5t$ to a society ( 8 pr(essional bre?r5 = ! use & beho( ( 8 fell[-arti/s1 res]v+ = himself only ! mode/ ap>tm5t :]e he *ose to live1 9 sympa!tic t\* ) ^? :o /ill pursu$ ! noble art he _h rel9qui%$4 ,mr4 ,boo? 0 twice m>ri$4 ,by 8 fir/ wife1 ,miss ,m>y ,devl91 :o di$ 9 #ahfc1 he _h "o *ild1 a daught]2 by ! second1 ,miss ,mc,vicker1 he _h no *ildr54 ,%e di$ 9 #ahha4 ,signature ( ! au?or4 ,,joseph ,,jeff]son#af ,footnote #af3 ,copyright1 #ahid1 by ,selm> ,hess4 ,by ,,cl>5ce ,,cook 7,,born #ahbi7 ,illu/ration3 ,joseph ,jeff]son4 ,joseph ,jeff]son1 di/+ui%$1 among 8 o!r brilliant successes z an actor1 z ! creator = ?is g5]ation ( ! "* ( ,rip ,van ,w9kle 9 ! play dramatiz$ f ! /ory 9 ,wa%+ton ,irv+'s ,sket* ,book1 0 ! ?ird ( 8 "n 9 a family ( actors4 ,! fir/ ( ! ?ree 0 born at ,plym\?1 ,engl&1 9 #aggd4 ,he 0 ! son ( ,?omas ,jeff]son1 a com$ian ( m]it1 ! contempor>y & fri5d ( ,g>rick1 & came to ?is c\ntry 9 #agie1 mak+ 8 fir/ appe>ance 9 ,new ,york on ,febru>y #aj1 #agif1 9 ! "p ( ,squire ,ri*>d 9 ,! ,provok$ ,husb&4 ,dunlap says t1 "y z he 01 he 0 already an arti/1 & t among ! m5 ( ! company he held ! fir/ place4 ,he liv$ 9 ?is c\ntry = ?irty-six ye>s1 admir$ z an actor & respect$ z a man4 ,he di$ at ,h>risburg1 ,p5nsylvania1 9 #ahcb4 ,joseph ,jeff]son1 ! second1 0 born 9 ,philadelphia 9 #ahjd4 ,he inh]it$ ! laugh+ blue eyes & sunny disposition ( 8 fa!r1 b he _h n 8 tal5t z an actor2 he is said to h be5 be/ 9 old m5's p>ts4 ,8 ta/e1 h[ev]1 l$ him to sc5e-pa9t+ r ?an to act+2 yet 8 skill 9 ei!r direction 0 n en\gh to w9 success1 &1 9 spite ( well-meant ef=ts1 he liv$ & di$ a poor man3 ill luck pursu+ him to ! end ( 8 days1 :5 he 0 c>ri$ (f by yell[ fev] at ,mobile 9 #ahdb1 j z 8 unprosp]\s skies 7 bright5+ a little4 ,8 son be>s affectionate witness to ! upright "* ( ! man & to 8 indomitable *e]fulness 9 ! mo/ adv]se circum/ances4 ,he sp>$ no pa9s 9 br++ up 8 *ildr5 9 good ways1 & he 0 e>ne/ly second$ by 8 wife1 a h]oic figure 9 h] humble sph]e1 ^: tact & c\rage n seldom sav$ ! family b>k :5 x 0 drift+ 9 %oal wat]4 ,mrs4 ,jeff]son came ( ,fr5* p>5ts1 & 0 a ,mrs4 ,burke1 a wid[ ) "o *ild1 a son1 :5 %e m>ri$ ,mr4 ,jeff]son4 ,h] son tells u t %e _h be5 "o ( ! mo/ attractive />s 9 ,am]ica1 ! lead+ prima donna ( ! c\ntry2 b %e bore h] *ang$ =tune1 z ! wife ( an unsuccessful actor & manag]1 ) no less dignity on ! /age ( real life1 :]e no applause 0 to be _h b :at came f ^? :o lov$ h] z "m1 wife1 & fri5d4 ,?is1 !n1 0 ! family circle 9 :i* our ,joseph ,jeff]son pass$ 8 e>lie/ ye>s1 ! =mative p]iod ( 8 life4 ,!re 7 ! k9d-he>t$1 easy-go+ fa!r1 ! practical1 en]getic "m1 a si/]1 & ! half-bro!r1 ,*>les ,burke1 ^: aft]-reputation z an actor lives 9 ! pages ( ,jeff]son's autobiography en%r9$ 9 words ( w>m b judici\s appreciation4 ,al?\gh only a half-bro!r1 says ,jeff]son1 he seem$ l a fa!r to me1 & !re 0 a deep & /range affection betwe5 u4 ,nor mu/ m5tion be =gott5 ( "o o!r memb] ( ! family3 ,m>y1 8 fo/]-"m1 z ,jeff]son affectionately calls h]1 a fai?ful1 lov+1 tru?ful fri5d1 r ?an a s]vant1 ) no ambition or ?\ght = h]self1 liv+ only = u1 & totally unconsci\s ( h] own exi/5ce4 ,joseph ,jeff]son1 ! ?ird ( ! "n1 & 9 :om ! tal5t ( 8 gr&fa!r 0 to reappe> enri*$ ) add$ graces ( 8 own1 0 born 9 ,philadelphia 9 #ahbi4 ,he tells u t 8 e>lie/ recollections are connect$ ) a !atre 9 ,wa%+ton4 ,?is 0 a rickety1 old1 frame-build+ adjo9+ ! h\se 9 :i* 8 fa!r liv$ z manag]1 ! door at ! end ( ! hall-way op5+ directly ^u ! /age2 & z a toddl+ little *ap 9 a %ort frock he 0 all[$ full run ( ! place4 ,?us beh9d ! sc5es 0 8 fir/ playgr\nd2 & "h1 9 ?is huge & du/y toy-%op made = *ildr5 ( a l>g] gr[?1 he got 8 fir/ exp]i5ce4 ,he 0 e>ly accu/om$ to face an audi5ce2 =1 be+ ! son ( ! manag] & almo/ liv+ 9 ! !atre1 he 0 always press$ into ! s]vice :5ev] a small *ild 0 want$1 & (t5 w5t on ! /age 9 long clo!s z a prop]ty infant 9 gr\ps ( happy peasantry4 ,8 fir/ dim recollection ( su* a public appe>ance is z ! *ild1 9 ,kotzebue's play1 ,piz>ro1 :o is c>ri$ across ! bridge by ,rolla4 ,8 next appe>ance 0 9 a new ent]ta9m5t1 call$ ,liv+ ,/atues1 :]e he /ruck attitudes z ,ajax ,defy+ ! ,lightn+1 or ,! ,dy+ ,gladiator4 ,at f\r ye>s ( age he made a hit by accompany+ ,t4 ,d4 ,rice1 ! orig9al ,jim ,cr[1 z a m9iature copy ( t once fam\s "*1 & ! fir/ money he e>n$ 0 ! sum ( #bd ?r[n ^u ! /age 9 silv] f pit & gall]y1 to rew>d 8 *ildi% danc+ & s++ on t occasion4 ,?us e>ly w$d$ to ! /age1 ,jeff]son foll[$ ! =tunes ( 8 family1 & l$ ) !m a w&]+ life = _m ye>s1 gr[+1 by sl[ degrees & con/ant1 v>i$ practice1 to ! p]fection ( 8 prime4 ,9 #ahch 8 fa!r l$ ! flock to ,*icago1 j !n gr[n f an ,indian village to a ?riv+ place ( two ?\s& inhabitants1 :]e he 0 to jo9 8 bro!r 9 ! managem5t ( a new !atre1 !n build+4 ,jeff]son's acc\nt ( ! j\rney is a /rik+ picture1 at once amus+ & pa!tic1 ( ! *anges t h be5 wr\ght by fifty ye>s4 ,! real privations & h>d%ips ( ! trip are veil$ 9 ! actor's /ory by 8 quiet humor & 8 disposition to see ev]y?+ 9 a *e]ful light4 ,always quizz+ 8 own y\?ful follies1 he _c conceal f u by any mis*iev\s anecdotes 8 ess5tial goodness ( nature1 8 m]ry helpfulness1 8 unselfi% devotion to ! welf>e ( ! o!rs1 or ! pluck ) :i* he met ! accid5ts ( ?is it9]ant life4 ,f ,*icago1 :]e _! success 0 n brilliant1 ! family w5t by /age to ,spr+field1 :]e1 by a s+ul> *ance1 !y 7 rescu$ f ! dang] t ?reat5$ !m 9 ! clos+ ( ! !atre by a municipal law trump$ up 9 ! int]e/ ( religi\s revivali/s1 by ! adroitness ( a "y lawy]1 :o prov$ to be none o!r ?an ,abraham ,l9coln4 ,9 ,memphis1 :5 bad bus9ess _h clos$ ! !atre1 "y ,jeff]son's pluck & ready wit sav$ ! family purse f absolute collapse4 ,a city ord9ance _h be5 pass$1 requir+ t all c>ts1 drays1 & public vehicles %\ld be numb]$2 & ! boy1 he>+ ( ?is1 call$ at ! mayor's (fice1 &1 expla9+ ! situation t _h oblig$ 8 fa!r to ex*ange act+ = sign-pa9t+1 appli$ 9 8 "n = ! contract = pa9t+ ! numb]s--& obta9$ x6 ,! new indu/ry furni%$ fa!r & son ) a mon?'s "w1 & "s jobs at sign-pa9t+ help$ /ill fur!r to make life easi]4 ,f ,memphis ! family w5t to ,mobile1 :]e !y hop$ to re/ aft] _! long w&]+s1 & :]e x 0 also hop$ ! *ildr51 ,joseph & 8 si/]1 might be put to s*ool4 ,b ! yell[ fev] 0 rag+ 9 ,mobile1 & !y _h be5 9 ! city only a =tnight :5 ,mr4 ,jeff]son 0 attack$ by ! disease & di$4 ,9 ,mobile1 too1 ! good ,m>y di$1 & ,mrs4 ,jeff]son 0 left alone to c>e = h]self & h] *ildr5 z %e c\ld4 ,%e _h no long] a he>t = act+1 & %e decid$ to op5 a bo>d+-h\se = actors1 :ile ,joseph & 8 si/] e>n$ a small /ip5d by v>iety "w 9 ! !atre4 ,m ye>s ( h>d%ip foll[$--! trio ( "m & *ildr5 w&]+ ov] ! c\ntry1 s\? & we/3 9 ,mississippi & ,mexico1 see+ life 9 all its phases ( ill luck & disappo9tm5t1 ) fa9t gleams ( success "h & !re1 b meet+ all ) a _s ( su* *e]ful brav]y z makes ! d>ke/ exp]i5ce yield a pleasure 9 ! tell+4 ,surely1 x might s(t5 ! he>t ( ! s\re/ enemy ( ! /age to read ! _s 9 :i* ?is family met ! long-cont9u$ crosses ( _! pr(essional life4 ,illu/ration3 ,joe ,jeff]son z ,bob ,acres4 ,joseph ,jeff]son tells ! /ory ( 8 c>e] s mode/ly1 t x is h>d to discov] j :5 x 0 t success fir/ began to turn a smil+ face ^u 8 ef=ts4 ,yet x w\ld seem z if1 = himself1 ! day broke :5 he creat$ ! "p ( ,asa ,tr5*>d 9 ,our ,am]ican ,c\s94 ,he says t up to #aheh1 :5 he act$ t "p1 he _h be5 always m or less a legitimate actor1 t is1 "o :o has 8 place ) o!rs 9 a /ock company1 & nev] ?9ks ( himself z an individual & s+le attraction--a />1 z x is call$4 ,:ile engag$ ) ?is "p1 x sudd5ly occurr$ to him t 9 act+ ,asa ,tr5*>d he _h1 = ! fir/ "t 9 8 life on ! /age1 spok5 a pa!tic spee*2 up to t "t all ) him _h be5 pure com$y4 ,n[ he _h f\nd a "p 9 :i* he c\ld move 8 audi5ce to te>s z well z smiles4 ,?is 0 to him a delightful discov]y1 & he look$ ab\t = a new "p 9 :i* he c\ld repeat ! exp]im5t4 ,"o day 9 summ]1 z he lay 9 ! l(t ( a b>n read+ 9 a book he well calls delightful1 ,pi]re ,irv+'s ,life & ,lett]s ( ,wa%+ton ,irv+1 he le>n$ t ! great writ] _h se5 him act ! "p ( ,goldf9*1 9 ,holcr(t's ,road to ,ru91 & t he rem9d$ him ( 8 gr&fa!r1 ,joseph ,jeff]son1 9 look1 ge/ure1 size1 & make4 ,naturally pleas$ to f9d himself rememb]$ & writt5 ( by su* a man1 he lay mus+ on ! complim5t1 :5 ! ,sket* ,book & ! /ory ( ,rip van ,w9kle came sudd5ly into 8 m9d4 ,!re 0 to me1 he writes1 magic 9 ! s\nd ( ! "n z ,i repeat$ x4 ,:y 0 n ?is ! v "* ,i want$8 ,an ,am]ican /ory by an ,am]ican au?or 0 surely j ! ?+ suit$ to an ,am]ican actor4 ,!re _h be5 ?ree or f\r plays f\nd$ on ?is /ory1 b ,jeff]son says t none ( !m 7 good4 ,8 fa!r & 8 half-bro!r _h act$ ! "p be=e him1 b no?+ t he rememb]$ gave him any hope t he c\ld make a good play out ( exi/+ mat]ial4 ,he !re=e w5t to "w to con/ruct a play = himself1 & 8 /ory ( h[ he did x1 told 9 two pages ( 8 book1 & ) ! mo/ unconsci\s air 9 ! _w1 reveals ! :ole secret ( ,jeff]son's act+3 its humor & pa?os subtly m+l$1 its deep humanity1 its pure poetry--! assemblage ( qualities1 9 f9e1 t make x ! mo/ p]fect z well z ! mo/ orig9al product ( ! ,am]ican /age4 ,yet ! play1 ev5 9 ! =m he gave x1 did n satisfy him1 nor did x make ! impression 9 ,am]ica t he desir$4 ,x 0 n until five ye>s lat] t ,dion ,b\cicault1 9 ,london1 remade x = ,jeff]son2 & x 0 9 t city x fir/ saw ! light 9 its new =m1 ,septemb] #e1 #ahfe4 ,x 0 at once successful1 & _h a run ( "o hundr$ & sev5ty-five nights4 ,) 8 ,asa ,tr5*>d & 8 ,rip van ,w9kle w ev] be associat$ 9 ! lov+ memory ( play-go]s 8 ,bob ,acres 9 ,%]idan's ,rivals1 ?\ght by _m to be 8 capital "p--a p]sonification :]e all ! foibles ( ! w\ld-be man-(-!-_w3 8 self-conceit1 8 brag1 8 c[>dice1 are trans=m$ into virtues & captivate our he>ts1 dissolv$ 9 ! brimm+ humor :i* yet nev] ov]fl[s ! j measure1 s deg5]at+ into f>ce4 ,betwe5 ! two productions ( ,rip van ,w9kle 9 ,new ,york & 9 ,london1 ,jeff]son _h _h _m /range exp]i5ces4 ,8 wife di$ 9 #ahfa1 & he broke up 8 h\sehold 9 ,new ,york1 & leav+ ?ree ( 8 *ildr5 at s*ool 9 t city1 he left home ) 8 elde/ son & w5t to ,cali=nia4 ,aft] act+ 9 ,san ,francisco1 he sail$ = ,au/ralia1 :]e he 0 w>mly receiv$2 !nce w5t to ! o!r ,briti% colonies 9 t region1 t\*$ on 8 return at ,lima & ,callao & ,panama1 at :i* place he took a sail+-packet = ,london1 & aft] 8 great success 9 t city return$ to ,am]ica 9 #ahff4 ,9 #ahfg he m>ri$1 9 ,*icago1 ,miss ,s>ah ,w>r51 & s9ce t "t 8 life has fl[$ on 9 an ev5 /ream1 happy 9 all its relations1 private & public1 cr[n$ ) honors1 n ( a gaudy or brilliant k9d1 b solid & endur+4 ,8 art is h5ce=? "p & p>cel ( ! ri* treasure ( ! ,am]ican /age4 ,signature ( ! au?or4 ,,adel9a ,,patti ,by ,,fr$]ick ,f4 ,,buff5 7,,born #ahdc7 ,illu/ration3 ,adel9a ,patti4 ,a cons5sus ( op9ion places ?is di/+ui%$ arti/e at ! head ( all h] compe]s1 = x may be truly said t %e is ! brighte/ /> :i* has dazzl$ ! musical firmam5t dur+ ! pa/ half c5tury1 &1 is /ill 9 ! v z5i? ( h] noonday spl5dor4 ,reg>dful ( ! transc5d5t beauty ( h] voice1 enhanc$ z ?is is by h] o!r natural & attractive attributes1 "o might almo/ believe t night+ales h surr\nd$ ! cradle presid$ ov] by ,eut]pe1 = nev] has bird sung s sweetly z ! gift$ subject ( my memoir1 & :ile ! ,fates smil$ on ! bir? ( _! favorite1 de/9$ to become ! unrivall$ ,que5 ( ,song ?r\gh\t ! civiliz$ _w1 fanciful natures might conceive a poetical vision1 & behold ,melpom5e ) h] sad1 grave eyes brea?+ into h] ! _s ( trag$y1 & ,?alia1 ) h] laugh+ smile1 welcom+ a gift$ disciple by ^: g5ius h] fire 0 to be rek9dl$ 9 ! f> future4 ,9 ! ye> #ahfa !re arriv$ 9 ,engl& a "y s+] :o1 accompani$ by h] bro!r-9-law1 took ap>tm5ts 9 ,norfolk ,/reet1 ,/r&4 ,! "y lady1 !n only sev5te51 s\ght ,mr4 ,fr$]ick ,gye1 :o 0 ! lessee ( ! ,royal ,italian ,op]a1 = 8 p]mission to s+ at 8 !atre1 volunte]+ to d s = no?+4 ,! (f] 0 at fir/ absolutely decl9$1 b subsequ5tly ! "y arti/e succe$$1 & made h] fir/ appe>ance on ,may #ad1 #ahfa1 z ,am9a 9 ,bell9i's op]a ( ,la ,sonnambula4 ,unh]ald$ by any previ\s notice1 %e 0 !n totally unkn[n to ! ,engli% public4 ,n a syllable _h rea*$ t c\ntry ( h] antec$5ts or fame4 ,i rememb] be+ pres5t on ! occasion :5 ?is y\?ful cantatrice tripp$ lightly on to ! c5tre ( ! /age4 ,n a s+le h& 0 rais$ to greet h]1 nor a s\nd ( welcome ext5d$ to enc\rage ! "y arti/e4 ,! audi5ce ( ,cov5t ,g>d51 usually res]v$1 except to old-e/abli%$ favorites1 seem$ wrapp$ 9 m ?an _! conv5tional coldness on t p>ticul> ev5+4 ,ere long1 h[ev]1 inde$ be=e %e _h f9i%$ ! op5+ aria1 a *ange manife/$ itself 9 ! feel+s ( all pres5t4 ,! habitus look$ r\nd 9 a/oni%m5t1 & p ne> me almo/ held _! brea? 9 amazem5t4 ,! second act foll[$1 & to surprise quickly succe$$ delight1 = :5 9 ! ?ird act %e ?rew all h] vocal & dramatic p[] into ! melodi\s wail+ ( ,ah non cr$ea1 ) its brilliant sequel1 ,ah non giunge1 ! en?usiasm ( ! audi5ce =got all re/riction1 & bur/ into a spontane\s %\t ( applause1 ! p5t-up f]vor ( ! assembly explod+ 9 a r++ *e] ( acclamation r>ely he>d )9 ! walls ( ! ,royal ,italian ,op]a ,h\se4 ,! h]o9e ( ! ev5+ 0 ,adel9a ,patti1 :o !nce=w>d became ! idol ( ! musical _w4 ,:5 ,i left ! !atre t ev5+1 ,i became consci\s t a c\rse ( fasc9ation _h comm5c$ ( a mo/ unwont$ nature2 "o t nei!r "t nor *ange has modifi$1 b :i* ?ree decades h s]v$ only to enhance & int5sify4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! p]=mance1 ,mr4 ,gye w5t on to ! /age full ( ! excitem5t :i* prevail$ 9 ! !atre1 & he imm$iately conclud$ an engagem5t ) ,mlle4 ,patti on ! t]ms :i* _h be5 previ\sly agre$ betwe5 !m2 ^! be+ t ,mlle4 ,patti 0 to receive at ! rate ( #aej a mon? = ?ree ye>s1 appe>+ twice ea* week dur+ ! season1 or at ! rate ( ab\t #ag = ea* p]=mance4 ,mr4 ,gye also (f]$ h] ! sum ( #bjj if %e w\ld cons5t to s+ exclusively at ,cov5t ,g>d54 ,patti repeat$ h] p]=mance ( ,am9a eight times dur+ ! season1 & subsequ5tly confirm$ h] success by h] assumption ( ,lucia1 ,violetta1 ,z]l9a1 ,m>?a1 & ,ros9a4 ,hav+ met ) su* unprec$5t$ success ?r\gh\t ! ,london season1 ,mlle4 ,patti 0 (f]$ an engagem5t to s+ at ! ,italian ,op]a 9 ,p>is1 :]e unusual curiosity 0 awak5$ conc]n+ h]4 ,ev]yone is aw>e t ! ,p>isians d n admit an arti/ to be a celebrity until !y h !mselves ackn[l$g$ x4 ,at ,p>is1 aft] ! fir/ act1 ! s5sation 0 indescribable1 musicians1 m9i/]s1 poets1 & fa%ionable beauties all concurr+ 9 ! g5]al *orus ( acclamation2 :ile ! g5ial ,aub]1 ! compos] ( s _m delightful op]as1 & "o ( ! greate/ au?orities1 by 8 exp]i5ce & judgm5t1 on all musical matt]s1 0 s en*ant$ t he decl>$ %e _h made him "y aga91 & = sev]al days he c\ld sc>cely talk on any o!r subject b ,adel9a ,patti & op]a4 ,! conque/ %e _h a*iev$ ) ! ,engli% public 0 ?us triumphantly ratifi$ by ! exact+ & critical memb]s ( musical society 9 ,p>is4 ,adle ,juan ,m>ia ,patti1 accord+ to h] own /atem5t1 :i* %e relat$ to ! ,que5 ,isabella ( ,spa91 0 born at ,madrid1 on ,febru>y #ai1 #ahdc1 & is ! y\nge/ daught] ( two fam\s ,italian s+]s1 ,signor ,salvatore ,patti & ,signora ,patti-,b>ili4 ,! signor hav+ plac$ h] two si/]s--,amalia1 :o subsequ5tly m>ri$ ,maurice ,/rakos*1 ! well-kn[n impres>io1 & ,c>lotta1 also a vocali/ ( rem>kable p[]s--9 a bo>d+-s*ool at ,milan1 w5t to ,new ,york ) 8 wife & daught]1 :]e !y rema9$ until ,adel9a rea*$ sixte54 ,adel9a ,patti _h b>ely rea*$ ! age ( ?ree ye>s :5 %e 0 he>d humm+ & s++ ! airs h] "m sang4 ,! *ild's voice 0 naturally s flexible t executive difficulties 7 always easy to h]1 &1 be=e %e _h atta9$ h] n9? ye> %e c\ld execute a prolong$ %ake ) flu5cy4 ,h] fa!r n be+ prosp]\s at ! "t1 x became a necessity = him to look = support to 8 little ,adel9a1 :o _h %[n su* rem>kable promise2 &1 accord+ly1 %e began to take s++ lessons--n1 z is /at$ 9 ,grove's ,diction>y ( ,musicians1 f ,maurice ,/rakos*1 b f a ,fr5* lady1 subsequ5tly /udy+ ) h] /ep-bro!r1 ,ettore ,b>ili1 :o 0 a fam\s b>itone s+]2 b nature _h be5 s prodigal ( h] gifts to ! *ild t %e nev] und]took a s]i\s c\rse ( /udy1 b1 z %e h]self says1 h] real ma/] 0 le bon ,dieu4 ,at a v e>ly age %e w\ld s+ & play ! "p ( ,norma1 & knew ! :ole ( ! words & music ( ,ros9a1 ! h]o9e ( ,ross9i's immortal ,il ,b>bi]e di ,seviglia4 ,%e sang at v>i\s conc]ts 9 diff]5t cities1 until %e rea*$ ! age ( twelve & a half1 :5 h] c>e] 0 tempor>ily int]rupt$1 = ,maurice ,/rakos*1 obs]v+ ! ru9\s effect ! cont9u\s /ra9 ^u h] delicate voice 0 work+1 insi/$ ^u h] discont9u+ s++ altoge!r1 :i* advice %e happily foll[$4 ,aft] ?is int]val ( two ye>s' sil5ce1 & hav+ em]g$ f ! wond]-*ild to ! "y arti/e1 %e recomm5c$ h] /udies "u ,m4 ,/rakos*1 & v soon aft]w>d 0 engag$ to s+ on a regul> /age4 ,/rakos* travell$ ) h] & ,gotts*alk1 ! piani/1 ?r\gh ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 dur+ ! t\r giv+ a numb] ( conc]ts ) v>y+ f9ancial results2 ultimately return+ to ,new ,york 9 #ahei1 :]e %e appe>$ at a conc]t ( :i* ,! ,new ,york ,h]ald ( ,novemb] #bh? gives ! foll[+ notice3 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable ev5ts 9 ! op]atic hi/ory ( ! metropolis1 or ev5 ( ! _w1 has tak5 place dur+ ! la/ week at ! ,academy ( ,music4 ,mlle4 ,patti sang ! mad sc5e f ,lucia 9 su* a sup]b mann] z to /ir up ! audi5ce to ! he>tie/ demon/rations ( delight4 ,! success ( ?is arti/e1 educat$ & re>$ among u1 has made ev]ybody talk ( h]4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye>1 ,/rakos* consid]$ ! "t _h arriv$ = h] to appe> 9 ,europe4 ,he accord+ly br\ght 8 "y protge to ,engl&1 ) ! result ,i h already attempt$ to describe4 ,aft] s++ 9 ,london & ,p>is1 ,patti 0 engag$ to appe> at ,b]l91 ,brussels1 ,mosc[1 & ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 at :i* latt] city en?usiasm rea*$ its climax1 :5 on "o occasion %e 0 call$ be=e ! curta9 no few] ?an =ty times4 ,"o :o 0 ) h] !re dur+ h] la/ visit1 writes3 ,hav+ be5 witness ( ,adel9a's _m triumphs & ( outbur/s ( en?usiasm bord]+ ^u madness1 ,i did n ?9k t great] demon/rations 7 possible4 ,i 0 pr(\ndly mi/ak51 h[ev]1 = ! ,/4 ,pet]sburg public f> surpass$ any?+ ,i h se5 be=e4 ,on ,adel9a's nights extraord9>y pr(its 7 made4 ,places = ! gall]y 7 sold = t5 r\bles ea*1 :ile /alls 7 quickly dispos$ ( = a hundr$ r\bles ea*4 ,! emp]or & empress1 ) ! :ole c\rt1 took "p 9 ! brilliant reception accord$ to ,patti1 & fl[]s to ! am\nt ( six ?\s& r\bles 7 ?r[n at h]4 ,t %e has be5 lit]ally wor%ipp$ f infancy upw>d is only a natural consequ5ce ( h] unsurpassable gifts1 & n[h]e has ?is feel+ manife/$ itself to su* an ext5t z 9 ,p>is1 & by none m s ?an by ! f\r fam\s compos]s1 ,aub]1 ,mey]be]1 ,ross9i1 & ,g\nod4 ,aub]1 aft] he>+ h] s+ ,nor9a1 9 ,donizetti's ,don ,pasquale1 (f]$ h] a b\quet ( roses f ,norm&y1 & 9 answ] to h] que/ions ab\t h] diamonds1 said1 ,! diamonds y we> are beautiful inde$1 b ^? y place 9 our e>s are a ?\s& times bett]4 ,patti 0 ! pet ( ! gift$ compos] ( ,guillaume ,tell1 & no "o 0 ev] m welcome at ,ross9i's beautiful villa at ,passy1 well kn[n z ! c5tre ( a great musical & arti/ic circle4 ,! g5ial ,italian di$ 9 ,novemb]1 #ahfh1 & ,patti paid h] la/ tribute ( respect to 8 memory by tak+ "p 9 ! p]=mance ( 8 immortal ,/abat ,mat]1 :i* 0 giv5 on ! occasion ( ,ross9i's burial s]vice4 ,g\nod1 always en?usia/ic 9 8 rem>ks ^u h]1 said1 t until he he>d ,patti1 all ! ,m>gu]ites 7 ,nor!rn maid5s1 b ,patti 0 ! only ,s\!rn ,gret*51 & t f h] all future s+]s c\ld le>n :at to d & avoid4 ,al?\gh x is n ! cu/om to be/[ titles or honorific di/9ctions ^u arti/s ( ! fair sex1 yet1 9 lieu ( ^!1 to su* an ext5t h pres5ts be5 %[]$ ^u ,adel9a ,patti1 t ! jewels :i* %e has be5 pres5t$ ) f "t to "t are said to be ( ! enorm\s value ( #ajj1jjj4 ,9 ! ye> #ahhe1 :5 %e appe>$ 9 ,new ,york z ,violetta1 ! diamonds %e wore on t occasion 7 e/imat$ to be wor? #fj1jjj4 ,"o ( ! h&some/ lockets 9 h] possession is a pres5t f ,h] ,maje/y1 ,que5 ,victoria1 & a spl5did solitaire r+ :i* %e is 9 ! habit ( we>+ 0 giv5 to h] by ! ,b>oness ,burdett-,c\tts4 ,( no less ?an tw5ty-?ree valuable bracelets1 "o ( ! mo/ co/ly is t pres5t$ by ! committee ( ! ,birm+ham fe/ival4 ,a magnific5t comb1 set ) tw5ty-?ree l>ge diamonds1 is ! gift ( ! ,empress ,eugnie4 ,! emp]ors ( ,g]many1 ,au/ria1 & ,russia h vi$ ) ea* o!r 9 s5d+ h] jewels ( ! r>e/ value4 ,:5 s++ 9 ,italy1 ,k+ ,victor ,emmanuel ea* night visit$ ! op]a = ! purpose ( he>+ h]2 & at ,flor5ce1 :]e ! en?usia/ic ,italians applaud$ to ! v e*o1 ,m>io1 pr9ce ( ,italian t5ors1 lean$ f 8 box to cr[n h] ) a laurel wrea?4 ,a simil> honor 0 be/[$ ^u h] by ! ,duke ( ,alba at ,madrid1 :o pres5t$ h] ) a laurel cr[n4 ,at ! op]a h\se 9 t city numb]s ( b\quets & poems 7 to be se5 :irl+ ?r\gh ! air atta*$ to ! necks ( birds4 ,que5 ,isabella ( ,spa91 gave a l>ge ame?y/ broo* surr\nd$ by =ty enorm\s pe>ls1 & ! ,jockey ,club ( ,p>is pres5t$ h] ) twelve laurel cr[ns4 ,! citiz5s ( ,san ,francisco1 ^u ! occasion ( h] la/ visit1 pres5t$ h] ) a five-po9t$ /> =m$ ( ?irty l>ge brilliants1 & f ! ,que5 ( ,portugal %e receiv$ a massive locket conta9+ ,h] ,maje/y's portrait1 enri*$ by an enorm\s ori5tal pe>l encru/$ 9 brilliants2 & ev5 at ! pres5t "t sc>cely a day passes )\t ! ,diva receiv+ "s ackn[l$gm5t 9 recognition ( h] transc5d5t p[]s4 ,adel9a ,patti's fir/ husb& 0 ,h5ri1 ,m>quis de ,caux1 an equ]ry to ! ,empress ,eugnie1 f :om %e 0 sep>at$ & subsequ5tly divorc$2 &1 on ,june #aj1 #ahhf1 %e m>ri$ ,erne/o ,nicol9i1 ! fam\s t5or s+]4 ,9 appe>ance1 ,patti is /ill y\?ful1 & really seems de/9$ to rival ! celebrat$ ,fr5* beauty1 ,n9on de l',enclos1 :o 0 s beautiful at sixty t ! gr&sons ( ! m5 :o lov$ h] 9 h] y\? ador$ h] ) equal ardor4 ,patti's figure is /ill slim & r\nd$1 & n a wr9kle z yet is to be se5 on h] *eeks1 or a l9e ab\t h] eyes1 :i* are z cle> & bright z ev]1 & :i*1 :5 %e speaks to y1 look y /raight 9 ! face ) h] old w9n+ smile4 ,dur+ h] c>e] ,patti has e>n$ upw>d ( half a million /]l+1 & ! enorm\s sums paid to h] at ! pres5t "t m ?an d\ble ! am\nts :i* ,j5ny ,l9d receiv$1 & :i* 9 t day 7 reg>d$ z fabul\s4 ,on a natural plateau1 surr\nd$ by picturesque vales1 & situat$ 9 ! he>t ( ! v wilde/ & mo/ romantic "p ( ,s\? ,wales1 betwe5 ,brecon & ,swansea1 & at ! base ( ! ,rock ( ! ,night1 /&s ! ,ca/le ( ,craig-y-nos4 ,?is is ! night+ale's ne/4 ,! pr9cely =tune :i* ,patti has accumulat$ has enabl$ h] s to beautify & enl>ge h] home1 t x n[ conta9s all ! luxuries :i* ,sci5ce & ,art h enabl$ ,=tune's favorites to enjoy2 & s cr[d$ is x ) curios & valuables t x may be/ be describ$ z ! home ( all ,art yields or ,nature c decree4 ,"h1 9 picturesque seclusion1 surr\nd$ by a unique spl5dor creat$ by h] own ex]tions1 lives ?is gift$ & beautiful song/ress4 ,%e is ! ,lady ,b\ntiful ( ! entire di/rict1 ext5d+ _m miles ar\nd ! ca/le1 ov] :i* %e presides ) su* hospitable grace4 ,! numb] ( grateful he>ts %e has won 9 ! ,wel% c\ntry by h] active b5evol5ce is almo/ z great z is ! legion ( en?usia/ic admir]s %e has enli/$ by ! wond]ful beauty ( h] voice & ! s]ies ( arti/ic triumphs1 :i* h be5 absolutely )\t p>allel dur+ ! pres5t c5tury4 ,,s>ah ,,b]nh>dt ,by ,h4 ,s4 ,,edw>ds 7,,born #ahdd7 ,a little girl1 z ,s>cey relates1 once pres5t$ h]self at ! ,p>is ,cons]vatoire 9 ord] to pass ! exam9ation = admission4 ,all %e knew 0 ! fable ( ! ,two ,pigeons1 b %e _h no soon] recit$ ! l9es-- ,deux pigeons s'aimai5t d'am\r t5dre1 ,l'un d'eux1 s'ennuyant au logis-- ?an ,aub] /opp$ h] ) a ge/ure4 ,en\gh1 he said4 ,come "h1 my *ild4 ,! little girl1 :o 0 pale & ?91 b ^: eyes gleam$ ) intellig5ce1 approa*$ him ) an air ( assurance4 ,y\r "n is ,s>ah8 he said4 ,yes1 sir4 0 ! reply4 ,y are a ,jewess8 ,yes1 sir1 by bir?2 b ,i h be5 baptiz$4 ,%e has be5 baptiz$1 said ,aub]1 turn+ to 8 colleagues4 ,x w\ld h be5 a pity if su* a pretty *ild _h n4 ,%e said h] fable ( ! ',two ,pigeons' v well4 ,%e mu/ be admitt$4 ,illu/ration3 ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt4 ,?us ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt1 = x 0 %e1 ent]$ ! ,cons]vatoire4 ,%e 0 a ,jewess ( ,fr5* & ,dut* p>5tage1 & 0 born at ,p>is 9 #ahdd4 ,h] fa!r1 aft] hav+ h] baptiz$1 _h plac$ h] 9 a conv5t2 b %e _h already secretly det]m9$ to become an actress4 ,9 h] c\rse ( /udy at ! ,cons]vatoire %e s di/+ui%$ h]self t %e receiv$ a prize :i* entitl$ h] to a db at ! ,?tre ,franais4 ,%e select$ ! "p ( ,iphignie1 9 :i* %e appe>$ on ,augu/ #aa1 #ahfb2 & at lea/ "o newspap] drew special att5tion to h] p]=mance1 describ+ h] z pretty & elegant1 & p>ticul>ly prais+ h] p]fect enunciation4 ,%e aft]w>d play$ o!r p>ts at ! ,?tre ,franais1 b soon transf]r$ h]self f t h\se to ! ,gymnase1 ?\gh n until %e _h made h]self notori\s by hav+1 z 0 alleg$1 slapp$ ! face ( a si/]-actress 9 a fit ( temp]4 ,! director ( ! ,gymnase did n take too s]i\s a view ( 8 new actress1 :o turn$ up late at rehe>sals1 & sometimes did n turn up at all4 ,nor did h] act+ make any great impression at ! ,gymnase1 :]e1 x is true1 %e 0 only p]mitt$ to appe> on ,sundays4 ,at ?is !atre %e lo/ no "t 9 exhibit+ t indep5d5ce & caprice to :i*1 z mu* z to h] tal5t1 %e owes h] celebrity4 ,! day aft] ! fir/ repres5tation ( a piece by ,labi*e1 ,un ,m>i qui ,lance sa ,femme1 9 :i* %e _h und]tak5 an important "p1 %e /eal?ily quitt$ ,p>is1 address+ to ! au?or a lett] 9 :i* %e begg$ him to =give h]4 ,aft] a t\r 9 ,spa91 ,s>ah return$ to ,p>is1 & appe>$ at ! ,odon4 ,"h %e creat$ a c]ta9 numb] ( *>act]s1 9 su* plays z ,les ,arrts1 ,le ,drame de la ,rue de la ,paix1 & ,le ,bt>d1 b *iefly di/+ui%$ h]self 9 ,ruy ,blas1 & 9 a translation ( ,k+ ,le>4 ,already %e _h rivet$ ! att5tion ( ! public & ! press1 :o saw t a brilliant future lay be=e h]4 ,at ! end ( #ahgb %e appe>$ at ! ,comdie ,franaise1 & ) su* di/9ction t %e 0 reta9$1 fir/ z a p5sionnaire1 at a sal>y ( six ?\s& francs1 & aft]w>d z a socitaire4 ,h] successes 7 rapid & dazzl+1 & :e!r %e appe>$ 9 mod]n com$y1 9 classic trag$y1 or z ! creator ( *>act]s 9 entirely new plays1 ! !atre 0 always cr[d$4 ,h] melodi\s voice & pure enunciation1 h] s+ul>ly v>i$ acc5ts1 h] pa?os1 h] ard5t bur/s ( passion1 7 su* t h] audi5ce1 z !y hung ^u h] lips1 =got ! caprices & ecc5tricities by :i* %e 0 already *>act]iz$ 9 private life4 ,x seem$1 h[ev]1 t ,s>ah's ambition 0 to ga9 p]sonal notoriety ev5 m ?an !atrical fame2 & by h] p]=mances ( "o k9d or ano!r outside ! !atre make h]self ! talk ( society4 ,%e affect$ to pa9t1 to *isel1 & to write2 s5t pictures to ! ,salon1 publi%$ ecc5tric books1 & exhibit$ bu/s4 ,%e w\ld receive h] fri5ds palette 9 h&1 & 9 ! dress ( a male arti/4 ,%e _h a luxuri\s c(f9 made = h]1 cov]$ ) velvet1 9 :i* %e lov$ to recl9e2 & %e m ?an once w5t up 9 a balloon4 ,h] caprice1 :e!r 9 private or public1 0 altoge!r unre/ra9$4 ,9 #ahhj mile ,augi]'s admirable com$y1 ,l',av5turire1 0 reviv$ at ! ,comdie ,franaise1 & ! au?or confid$ ! "p ( ,clor9de to ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt4 ,aft] ! fir/ repres5tation1 h[ev]1 %e 0 s enrag$ by an uncomplim5t>y newspap] criticism t %e s5t 9 h] resignation to ,m4 mile ,p]r91 director ( ! !atre1 quitt$ ,p>is1 & w5t to ,engl&1 :]e %e gave a s]ies ( repres5tations1 &1 appe>+ !re = ! fir/ "t1 caus$ a v]itable s5sation 9 ,london society4 ,mean:ile1 ,m4 ,p]r9 in/itut$ aga9/ h]1 9 ! "n ( ! ,comdie ,franaise1 a lawsuit = brea* ( contract1 ) damages laid at ?ree hundr$ ?\s& francs4 ,x 0 at ?is juncture t ,s>ah accept$ ! (f]s ( an ent]pris+ manag] = a t\r 9 ,am]ica1 :]e %e a*iev$ no less ph5om5al successes ?an 9 ,europe4 ,a s5sational acc\nt ( ?is ,am]ican t\r 0 aft]w>d publi%$ by "o ( h] associates1 ,mlle4 ,m>ie ,colombi]1 "u ! title ( ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt en ,amrique4 ,?is 0 foll[$ by a second volume f ! same p51 entitl$ ,s>ah ,b>num4 ,! latt] book1 z its title sugge/s1 0 n int5d$ z a complim5t2 & ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt br\ght an action aga9/ ! writ]1 by :i* %e 0 compell$ to expunge f h] sc&al\s volume all t 0 (f5sive4 ,! re/ ( ,s>ah's c>e] is too rec5t to be trac$ 9 detail4 ,nor c ! life ( an actress ( our own "t be dealt ) s freely z t ( a ,sophie ,arn\ld or an ,adri5ne ,lec\vreur4 ,f ,am]ica ,s>ah return$ to ,p>is1 :]e %e reviv$ all h] old successes1 & :]e1 9 #ahhh1 at ! ,odon1 %e produc$ a "o-act com$y f h] own p51 entitl$ ,l',aveu1 :i* met ) a some:at frigid reception4 ,%e has appe>$ 9 sev]al ( ,%akespe>e's plays ) great success1 b h] mo/ ambiti\s & p]haps mo/ admirable productions ( late ye>s h be5 h] ,cleopatra1 fir/ produc$ 9 ,p>is 9 #ahij1 & h] ,joan ( ,arc4 ,among h] num]\s ecc5tricities1 ,mlle4 ,b]nh>dt once got m>ri$2 ,london1 by reason ( ! facilities x af=ds = ?is species ( recreation1 be+ *os5 z ! sc5e ( ! esp\sals4 ,! h]o ( ! matrimonial com$y1 :i* 0 soon foll[$ by a sep>ation1 to :i*1 aft] _m adv5tures on ! "p ( bo? husb& & wife1 a reconciliation succe$$1 0 ,m4 ,damala1 a ,greek g5tleman1 possess$ ( consid]able hi/rionic tal5t1 :o di$ 9 #ahhj4 ,,among ,,! ,,special ,,contributors ,,to ,,?is ,,"w ,,are3 ,illu/ration3 ,signatures ( ! au?ors4 ,,t]ms ,,( ,,publication4 ,! "w1 ,great ,m5 & ,fam\s ,wom51 w be publi%$ 9 sixty-eight p>ts1 at tw5ty-five c5ts ea*2 x w be pr9t$ on pap] made expressly = x3 ea* "p w conta9 ?ree full-page engrav+s1 mak+ a total ( m ?an two hundr$ 9 ! entire "w1 ( :i* sixty-eight w be photogravures by ,messrs4 ,g\pil ,co41 ( ,p>is1 & o!r em95t mak]s4 ,!re w be tw5ty-f\r pages ( lett]press 9 ea* "p4 ,no subscrib]'s "n is receiv$ = less ?an ! entire set4 ,& no ord] c be cancell$ aft] acceptance4 ,! ,publi%] gu>antees to complete ! "w 9 sixty-eight p>ts4 ,! p>ts are payable only z deliv]$1 ! c>ri] n be+ p]mitt$ to receive money 9 advance nor to leave p>ts on cr$it4 ,subscrib]s :o remove1 or :o are n regul>ly suppli$1 w please address ! ,publi%] by mail4