,,practical ,,education3 ,,by ,,m>ia ,,edgewor?1 ,,au?or ,,( ,,lett]s ,,= ,,lit]>y ,,ladies1 ,,& ,,! ,,p>5t',s ,,assi/ant1 c4 c4 ,,&1 ,,by ,,ri*>d ,,lovell ,,edgewor?1 ,f4 ,r4 ,s4 ,,& ,m4 ,r4 ,i4 ,a4 ,,9 ,,two ,,volumes 444 ,,vol4 ,,ii4 ,,second ,,am]ican ,,edition4 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,j4 ,,francis ,,lippitt1 ,,provid5ce1 7,r4 ,i47 ,,& ,t4 ,b4 ,,wait ,,sons1 ,,bo/on4 ,t4 ,b4 ,wait & ,sons1 ,pr9t]s4 #ahae4 ,,cont5ts4 ,*apt] ,page ,,xiii4 ,on ,gramm> & ,classical ,lit]ature #e ,,xiv4 ,on ,geography & ,*ronology #ca ,,xv4 ,on ,ari?metic #cg ,,xvi4 ,geometry #ed ,,xvii4 ,on ,me*anics #eg ,,xviii4 ,*emi/ry #he ,,xix4 ,on ,public & ,private ,education #ib ,,xx4 ,on ,female ,accompli%m5ts1 c4 #aji ,,xxi4 ,memory & ,inv5tion #ach ,,xxii4 ,ta/e & ,imag9ation #agh ,,xxiii4 ,wit & ,judgm5t #bad ,,xxiv4 ,prud5ce & ,economy #bdh ,,xxv4 ,summ>y #bfg ,,app5dix4 ,notes1 conta9+ ,conv]sations & ,anecdotes ( ,*ildr5 #bhc ,,practical ,,education4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,on ,,gramm>1 ,,& ,,classical ,,lit]ature4 ,z long z g5tlem5 feel a defici5cy 9 _! own education1 :5 !y h n a compet5t k ( ! le>n$ languages1 s long mu/ a p>5t be anxi\s1 t 8 son %\ld n be expos$ to ! mortification ( appe>+ inf]i\r to o!rs ( 8 own rank4 ,x is 9 va9 to urge1 t language is only ! key to sci5ce2 t ! names ( ?+s are n ! ?+s !mselves2 t _m ( ! words 9 our own language convey sc>cely any1 or at be/ b imp]fect1 ideas2 t ! true g5ius1 pronunciation1 melody1 & idiom ( ,greek1 are unkn[n to ! be/ s*ol>s1 & t x _c reasonably be d\bt$1 t if ,hom] or ,x5ophon 7 to he> _! works read by a pr(essor ( ,greek1 !y w\ld mi/ake !m = ! s\nds ( an unkn[n language4 ,all ?is is true2 b x is n ! ambition ( a g5tleman to read ,greek l an anci5t ,grecian1 b to und]/& x z well z ! g5]ality ( 8 contempor>ies2 to "k :5ce ! t]ms ( mo/ sci5ces are d]iv$1 & to be able1 9 "s degree1 to trace ! progress ( mank9d 9 k & ref9em5t1 by exam9+ ! ext5t & comb9ation ( _! diff]5t vocabul>ies4 ,9 "s pr(essions1 ,greek is necess>y2 9 all1 a c]ta9 pr(ici5cy ( ,lat9 is indisp5sable2 h[1 !re=e1 to acquire ?is pr(ici5cy 9 ! "o1 & a suffici5t k ( ! o!r1 ) ! lea/ lab\r1 ! lea/ wa/e ( "t1 & ! lea/ dang] to ! und]/&+1 is ! mat]ial "q4 ,"s s*ool-ma/]s w\ld add1 t we mu/ exp$ite ! bus9ess z mu* z possible3 ( ?is we may be p]mitt$ to d\bt4 ,fe/9a l5te is "o ( ! mo/ judici\s maxims 9 education1 & ^? :o h suffici5t /r5g? ( m9d to adh]e to x1 w f9d !mselves at ! goal1 :5 _! competitors1 aft] all _! bu/le1 are pant+ = brea?1 or la%+ _! re/ive /e$s4 ,we see "s untutor$ *ildr5 />t =w>d 9 le>n+ ) rapidity3 !y seem to acquire k at ! v "t x is want$1 z if by intuition2 :il/ o!rs1 ) :om inf9ite pa9s h be5 tak51 cont9ue 9 dull ignorance2 or1 hav+ accumulat$ a mass ( le>n+1 are utt]ly at a loss h[ to display1 or h[ to use _! treasures4 ,:at is ! reason ( ?is ph5om5on8 & to :i* class ( *ildr5 w\ld a p>5t wi% 8 son to belong8 ,9 a c]ta9 numb] ( ye>s1 aft] hav+ sp5t eight h\rs a day 9 durance vile1 by ! influ5ce ( bodily fe>1 or by ! infliction ( bodily puni%m5t1 a regim5t ( boys may be drill$ by an indefatigable u%] into :at are call$ s*ol>s2 b1 p]haps1 9 ! :ole regim5t n "o %all ev] di/+ui% himself1 or ev] em]ge f ! ranks4 ,c x be necess>y to sp5d s _m ye>s1 s _m ( ! be/ ye>s ( life1 9 toil & mis]y8 ,we %all calculate ! wa/e ( "t :i* arises f ! /udy ( ill writt51 absurd gramm>1 & ex]cise-books2 f ! habits ( idl5ess contract$ by s*ool-boys1 & f ! cu/om ( all[+ holydays to "y /ud5ts2 & we %all comp>e ! result ( ?is calculation ) ! "t really necess>y = ! atta9m5t ( ! same quantity ( classical k by rational me?ods4 ,we d n ent] into ?is comp>ison ) any invidi\s int5tion1 b simply to quiet ! appreh5sions ( p>5ts2 to %[ !m ! possibility ( _! *ildr5's atta9+ a c]ta9 portion ( le>n+ )9 a giv5 numb] ( ye>s1 )\t ! sacrifice ( heal?1 happ9ess1 or ! g5]al p[]s ( ! und]/&+4 ,at all ev5ts1 may we n beg9 by implor+ ! assi/ance ( "s able & fri5dly h& to re=m ! pres5t g5]ation ( gramm>s & s*ool-books8 ,= in/ance1 is x indisp5sably necess>y t a boy ( sev5 ye>s old %\ld le>n by rote1 t relative s5t5ces are indep5d5t1 i4 e4 no ^w 9 a relative s5t5ce is gov]n$ ei!r ( v]b1 or adjective1 t /&s 9 ano!r s5t5ce1 or dep5ds ^u any appurt5ances ( ! relative2 & t ! ,engli% ^w ',t' is always a relative :5 x may be turn$ into :i* 9 good s5se1 :i* mu/ be tri$ by read+ ov] ! ,engli% s5t5ce w>ily1 & judg+ h[ ! s5t5ce w be> x1 b :5 x _c be alt]$1 salvo s5su1 x is a conjunction8 ,_c we1 = pity's sake1 to assi/ ! le>n]'s memory1 & to improve 8 intellect1 sub/itute "s s5t5ces a little m connect$1 & p]haps a little m useful1 ?an ! foll[+8 ,i h be5 a soldi]--,y h babbl$--,has ! cr[ ev] look$ :ite8--,ye h ex]cis$--,fl[]s h )]$--,we 7 9 a passion--,ye lay d[n--,peas 7 p>*$--,! lions did ro> a :ile ago4 ,9 a book ( ,lat9 ex]cises1#a ! preface to :i* in=ms u1 t x is int5d$ to conta9 su* precepts ( morality & religion1 z ought mo/ indu/ri\sly to be inculcat$ into ! heads ( all le>n]s1 contriv$ s z t *ildr5 may1 z x 71 ins5sibly suck 9 su* pr9ciples z w be ( use to !m aft]w>ds 9 ! manly conduct & ord]+ ( _! lives1 we might expect some:at m ( pure morality & s5se1 ) r m elegance ( /yle1 ?an appe> 9 ! foll[+ s5t5ces3 ,i /ruck my si/] ) a /ick1 & 0 =c$ to flee into ! woods2 b :5 ,i _h t>ri$ !re a:ile1 ,i return$ to my p>5ts1 & submitt$ myself to _! m]cy1 & !y =gave me my (f5ce4 ,:5 my de> "m1 unkn[n to my fa!r1 %all s5d me money1 ,i w pay my cr$itors _! debts1 & provide a supp] = all my fri5ds 9 my *amb]1 )\t my bro!r's cons5t1 & w make pres5ts to all my relations4 ,s ! measure ( mat]nal t5d]ness is ! sum ( money1 :i* ! de> "m1 unkn[n to h] husb&1 %all s5d to h] son2 ! measure ( ! son's g5]osity is ! supp] he is to give to all 8 fri5ds 9 8 *amb]1 exclusive ( 8 poor bro!r1 ( ^: (f5ce we are ignorant4 ,8 munific5ce is to be display$ 9 mak+ pres5ts to all 8 relations1 b 9 ! mean "t he might possibly =get to pay 8 debts1 = ju/ice is a sl[-pac$ virtue1 & _c keep pace ) g5]osity4 ,a reasonable notion ( puni%m5t1 & a dis9t]e/$ love ( tru?1 is well introduc$ by ! foll[+ picture4 ,my ma/]'s c\nt5ance 0 greatly *ang$ :5 he f\nd 8 belov$ son guilty ( a lie4 ,sometimes he 0 pale ) ang]2 sometimes he 0 r$ ) rage2 & 9 ! mean "t1 he1 poor boy1 0 trembl+1 7= :at87 = fe> ( puni%m5t4 ,c\ld ! ideas ( puni%m5t & v5geance be m effectually jo9$1 ?an 9 ?is portrait ( ! ma/] r$ ) rage8 ,aft] tru? has be5 ?us happily recomm5d$1 comes hone/y4 ,_m 7 fell[-soldi]s ) valiant ,jason :5 he /ole ! gold5 fleece3 _m 7 companions ) him1 b he bore away ! glory ( ! ent]prise4 ,val\r1 !ft1 & glory1 are "h happily comb9$4 ,x w avail u no?+ to obs]ve1 t ! gold5 fleece has an allegorical mean+1 unless we c expla9 satisfactorily ! nature ( an allegorical !ft2 ?\gh to our classical ta/e ?is valiant ,jason may appe> a glori\s h]o1 yet to ! simple judgm5t ( *ildr51 he w appe> a robb]4 ,x is fa/idi\s1 h[ev]1 to object to ,jason 9 ! ex]cise-book1 :5 we consid] :at *ildr5 are to he>1 & to he> ) admiration1 z !y advance 9 _! /udy ( poetry & my?ology4 ,lessons ( worldly wisdom1 are n =gott5 9 our manual1 :i* pr(esses to tea* ! manly conduct & ord]+ ( life to ! ris+ g5]ation4 ,^? m51 we are told1 :o h ! mo/ money1 obta9 ! greate/ hon\r among/ m54 ,b !n aga91 a poor man is z happy )\t ri*es1 if he c enjoy cont5t$ness ( m9d1 z ! ri*e/ e>l t covete? great] hon\r4 ,x may be useful to put "y m5 ^u _! gu>d aga9/ hypocrites & knaves2 b is x necess>y to tell s*ool-boys1 t x conc]ne? me1 & all m51 to look to ourselves1 = ! _w is s full ( knaves & hypocrites1 t he is h>d to be f\nd :o may be tru/$8 ,t !y :o behave !mselves ! mo/ w>ily ( all m51 & live m wat*fully ?an o!rs1 may happ5 to d some?+1 :i* 7if x be divulg$7 may v mu* damnify _! reputation8 ,a k ( ! _w may be e>ly requisite2 b is x n go+ too f>1 to assure "y p1 t ! nations ( ! _w are at ?is "t come to t pass ( wick$ness1 t ! e>? is l hell1 & _m m5 h deg5]at$ into devils8 ,a great] v>iety ( ridicul\s passages f ?is t5? edition ( ,g>retson's ,ex]cise-book1 might be select$ = ! read]'s ent]ta9m5t2 b ! foll[+ specim5s w be suffici5t to satisfy him1 t by ?is orig9al writ]1 natural hi/ory is z well taught z morality3 ,man4 ,man is a creature ( an upright body2 he walke? upright :5 he is on a j\rney2 & :5 night approa*es1 he lie? flat1 & sleepe?4 ,horses4 ,a j\rney an hundr$ & fifty miles long1 tire? an horse t ha? n _h a mod]ate fe$ ( corn4 ,air1 ,e>?1 ,fire1 & ,wat]4 ,! air is ne>] ! e>? ?an ! fire2 b ! wat] is plac$ ne>e/ to ! e>?1 because ^! two elem5ts compose b "o body4 ,x is an easy task1 x w be obs]v$1 to ridicule absurdity4 ,x is easy to pull d[n :at has be5 ill built2 b if we leave ! ru9s = o!rs to /umble ov]1 we d little good to society4 ,p>5ts may reasonably say1 if y take away f our *ildr5 ! books !y h1 give !m bett]4 ,!y are n yet to be _h1 b if a dem& = !m be once excit$1 !y w soon appe>4 ,p>5ts are n[ conv9c$1 t ! fir/ books :i* *ildr5 read1 make a la/+ impression ^u !m2 b !y d n seem to consid] spell+-books1 & gramm>s1 & ex]cise-books1 z books1 b only z tools = diff]5t purposes3 ^! tools are (t5 v mis*iev\s2 if we c\ld improve !m1 we %\ld get our "w mu* bett] done4 ,! b>b>\s translations1 :i* are put z models = imitation into ! h&s ( s*ool-boys1 tea* !m bad habits ( speak+ & writ+1 :i* are sometimes incurable4 ,= in/ance1 9 ! f\rte5? edition ( ,cl>ke's ,cornelius ,nepos1 :i* ! preface in=ms u 0 writt5 by a man full ( indignation = ! common practices ( gramm>-s*ools1 by a man :o lam5ts t y\? %\ld sp5d _! "t 9 toss+ ov] ! leaves ( a diction>y1 & hamm]+ out su* a language z ! ,lat91 we might expect "s bett] translation ?an ! foll[+1 to =m ! "y /ud5t's /yle3 ,no body ev] he>d any o!r ent]ta9m5t = ! e>s at 8 7,atticus's7 meals ?an a read]1 :i* we truly ?9k v pleasant4 ,nor 0 !re ev] a supp] at 8 h\se )\t "s read+1 t _! gue/s might be ent]ta9$ 9 _! m9ds z well z _! /oma*s2 = he invit$ ^? ^: mann]s 7 n diff]5t f 8 own4 ,he 7,atticus7 likewise _h a t\* at poetry1 t he might n be unacqua9t$ ) ?is pleasure1 we suppose4 ,= he has relat$ 9 v]ses ! lives ( ^? :o excell$ ! ,roman p 9 hon\r1 & ! greatness ( _! exploits4 ,s t he has describ$ "u ea* ( _! images1 _! actions & (fices 9 no m ?an f\r or five v]ses1 :i* is sc>cely to be believ$ t su* great ?+s c\ld be s briefly deliv]$4 ,^? :o1 9 read+ ^! quotations1 h p]haps exclaim$1 ,:y mu/ we g ?r\gh ?is f>rago ( nons5se8 %\ld reflect1 t !y h n[ wa/$ b a few m9utes ( _! "t ^u :at *ildr5 are doom$ to /udy = h\rs & ye>s4 ,if a few pages disgu/1 :at mu/ be ! effect ( volumes 9 ! same /yle6 & :at sort ( writ+ c we expect f pupils :o are condemn$ to su* read+8 ,! analogy ( anci5t & mod]n languages1 diff]s s mat]ially1 t a lit]al translation ( any anci5t au?or1 c sc>cely be tol]at$4 ,yet1 9 g5]al1 "y s*ol>s are "u a necessity ( r5d]+ _! ,lat9 lessons into ,engli% ^w = ^w1 fai?ful to ! ta/e ( _! diction>ies1 or ! notes 9 _! translations4 ,?is is n likely to improve ! fre$om ( _! ,engli% /yle2 or1 :at is ( mu* m consequ5ce1 is x likely to pres]ve 9 ! pupil's m9d a ta/e = lit]ature8 ,x is n ! "t t is sp5t 9 p\r+ ov] lexicons1 x is n ! multiplicity ( rules le>nt by rote1 nor yet is x ! quantity ( ,lat9 words cramm$ into ! memory1 :i* c give ! habit ( att5tion or ! p[] ( volunt>y ex]tion3 )\t ^!1 y w nev] h "t en\gh to tea*2 ) !m1 !re w always be "t en\gh to le>n4--,"o half h\r's vigor\s application1 is wor? a :ole day's con/ra9$ & yawn+ /udy4 ,if we comp>e :at f exp]i5ce we "k c be done by a *ild ( ord9>y capacity 9 a giv5 "t1 ) :at he actually does 9 s*ool-h\rs1 we %all be conv9c$ ( ! enorm\s wa/e ( "t incid5t to ! common me?ods ( in/ruction4 ,tutors are s5sible ( ?is2 b !y ?r[ ! blame ^u _! pupils--,y might h le>n$ y\r lesson 9 half ! "t1 if y _h *os5 x4 ,! *ildr5 also are s5sible ( ?is2 b !y are n able or will+ to prev5t ! repetition ( ! reproa*4 ,b ex]tion does n always dep5d ^u ! w ( ! boy2 x dep5ds ^u 8 previ\s habits1 & ^u ! /r5g? ( ! imm$iate motive :i* acts ^u him4 ,"s *ildr5 ( quick abilities1 :o h too mu* "t allott$ = _! classical /udies1 are s fully s5sible !mselves ( ! p]nici\s effect ?is has ^u _! activity ( m9d1 t !y frequ5tly def] gett+ _! lessons to ! la/ mom5t1 t !y may be =c$ by a suffici5t motive to ex]t !mselves4 ,9 classes at public s*ools1 ! quick & ! sl[1 ! active & indol5t1 ! /umbl+ & sure-foot$1 are all yok$ toge!r1 & are =c$ to keep pace ) "o ano!r3 /upidity may sometimes be dragg$ along by ! vig\r ( g5ius2 b g5ius is m frequ5tly *a9$ d[n by ! weight ( /upidity4 ,we are well aw>e ( ! difficulties ) :i* ! public preceptor has to cont5d2 he is (t5 compell$ by 8 situation to foll[ anci5t usage1 & to cont9ue _m cu/oms :i* he wi%es to see re=m$4 ,any re=mation 9 ! mann] ( in/ruction 9 ^! public sem9>ies1 mu/ be gradual1 & w necess>ily foll[ ! conviction t p>5ts may feel ( its utility4 ,p]haps no?+ c be imm$iately done1 m practicably useful1 ?an to simplify gramm>1 & to light5 z mu* z possible ! load t is laid ^u ! memory4 ,)\t a multiplicity ( ma/]s1 x w\ld be impossible to suit in/ruction to ! diff]5t capacities1 & previ\s acquirem5ts1 ( a v>iety ( pupils2 b 9 a private education1 und\bt$ly ! task may be r5d]$ mu* easi] to ! s*ol> & to ! tea*]2 mu* j>gon may be omitt$2 & :at appe>s f want ( explanation to be j>gon1 may be r5d]$ intelligible by prop] skill & att5tion4 ,dur+ ! fir/ lessons 9 gramm>1 & 9 ,lat91 ! pupil ne$ n be disgu/$ ) lit]ature1 & we may apply all ! pr9ciples :i* we f9d on o!r occasions successful 9 ! managem5t ( ! att5tion4#b ,in/ead ( keep+ ! att5tion feebly ob$i5t = an idle l5g? ( "t1 we %\ld fix if decid$ly by "s suffici5t motive = z %ort a p]iod z may be requisite to complete ! "w t we w\ld h done4 ,z we appreh5d1 t ev5 :]e *ildr5 are to be s5t to s*ool1 x w be a great advantage to !m to h "s g5]al notions ( gramm>1 to lead !m ?r\gh ! labyr9? ( common s*ool books1 we ?9k t we %all d ! public preceptor an acceptable s]vice1 if we po9t out ! means by :i* p>5ts may1 )\t mu* lab\r to !mselves1 r5d] ! fir/ pr9ciples ( gramm> intelligible & famili> to _! *ildr54 ,we may obs]ve1 t *ildr5 pay ! /ricte/ att5tion to ! analogies ( ! language t !y speak4 ,:]e v]bs are defective or irregul>1 !y supply ! p>ts t are want+ ) wond]ful facility1 accord+ to ! common =m ( o!r v]bs4 ,!y make all v]bs regul>4 ,i ged1 ,i readed1 ,i writed1 c4 ,by a prop] application ( ?is faculty1 mu* "t may be sav$ 9 tea*+ *ildr5 gramm>1 mu* p]plexity1 & mu* ( t ineffectual lab\r :i* /upifies & dispirits ! und]/&+4 ,by g5tle degrees1 a *ild may be taught ! relations ( words to ea* o!r 9 common conv]sation1 be=e he is pres5t$ ) ! fir/ sample ( grammatical eloqu5ce 9 ,lilly's ,accid5ce4 ,!re be eight p>ts ( spee*4 ,a phrase :i* 9 "s p>ts ( ?is k+dom w\ld p]haps be und]/ood1 b :i* to ! g5]ality ( boys :o g to s*ool1 conveys no mean+1 & is got by he>t )\t reflection1 & )\t advantage4 ,a *ild c1 h[ev]1 be made to und]/& ^! =midable p>ts ( spee*1 if !y are prop]ly introduc$ to 8 acqua9tance3 he c compreh5d1 t "s ( ! words :i* he he>s express t some?+ is done2 he w readily p]ceive1 t if some?+ is done1 somebody1 or some?+ mu/ d x3 he w di/+ui% ) mu* facility ! ^w 9 any common s5t5ce :i* expresses an action1 & t :i* d5otes ! ag5t4 ,let ! read] try ! exp]im5t imm$iately ^u any *ild ( six or sev5 ye>s old :o has n le>n$ gramm>1 & he may easily asc]ta9 ! fact4 ,a few mon?s ago1 ,mr4 ---- gave 8 little daught] ,h----1 a *ild ( five ye>s old1 h] fir/ lesson 9 ,engli% gramm>2 b no al>m+ book ( gramm> 0 produc$ ^u ! occasion1 nor did ! fa!r put on an unpropiti\s gravity ( c\nt5ance4 ,he expla9$ to ! smil+ *ild ! nature ( a v]b1 a pron\n1 & a sub/antive4 ,!n he spoke a %ort famili> s5t5ce1 & ask$ ,h----1 to try if %e c\ld f9d out :i* ^w 9 x 0 a v]b1 :i* a pron\n1 & :i* a sub/antive4 ,! little girl f\nd !m all out mo/ successfully1 & =m$ no pa9ful associations ) h] fir/ grammatical lesson4 ,b ?\gh our pupil may easily und]/&1 he w easily =get our fir/ explanations2 b provid$ he und]/&s !m at ! mom5t1 we %\ld p>don 8 =getfulness1 & we %\ld pati5tly repeat ! same ex]cise sev]al days successively2 a few m9utes at ea* lesson w be suffici5t1 & ! simple/ s5t5ces1 su* z *ildr5 speak !mselves1 w be ! be/ examples4 ,mr4 ----1 aft] hav+ talk$ f\r or five times1 = a few m9utes at a "t1 ) 8 son ,s----1 :5 ,s---- 0 betwe5 five & six ye>s old1 ab\t gramm>1 ask$ him if he knew :at a pron\n meant8 ,! boy answ]$1 ,a ^w t is said in/ead ( a sub/antive4 ,z ^! words might h be5 m]ely rememb]$ by rote1 ! fa!r que/ion$ 8 pupil fur!r1 & ask$ him to "n any pron\n t he recollect$4 ,s----imm$iately said1 ,i a pron\n4 ,"n ano!r1 said 8 fa!r4 ,! boy answ]$ aft] "s pause1 z if he d\bt$ :e!r x 0 or 0 n a pron\n1 ,a4 ,n[ x w\ld h be5 v imprud5t to h made a sudd5 exclamation at ! *ild's mi/ake4 ,! fa!r1 )\t %[+ any surprise1 g5tly answ]$1 ,no1 my de>1 a does n /& 9 ! place ( any sub/antive4 ,we say a man1 b ! ^w a does n mean a man1 :5 x is said by itself--,does x8 ,s----4 ,no4 ,fa!r4 ,!n try if y c f9d out a ^w t does4 ,s----4 ,he1 & ,sir4 ,sir does /&1 9 conv]sation1 9 ! place ( a man1 or g5tleman2 !re=e ! boy1 ev5 by ?is mi/ake1 %[$ t he _h =m$1 f ! def9ition t _h be5 giv5 to him1 a g5]al idea ( ! nature ( a pron\n1 & at all ev5ts he ex]cis$ 8 und]/&+ ^u ! affair1 :i* is ! pr9cipal po9t we ought to h 9 view4 ,an int]jection is a "p ( spee* famili> to *ildr54 ,mr4 ,horne ,tooke is bitt] 9 8 contempt = x1 & w sc>cely admit x into civiliz$ company4 ,! bruti% in>ticulate int]jection1 :i* has no?+ to d ) spee*1 & is only ! mis]able refuge ( ! spee*less1 has be5 p]mitt$ to usurp a place among/ words1 c4--,! neigh+ ( a horse1 ! l[+ ( a c[1 ! b>k+ ( a dog1 ! purr+ ( a cat2 sneez+1 c\gh+1 groan+1 %riek+1 & e o!r involunt>y convulsion ) oral s\nd1 h almo/ z good a title to be call$ p>ts ( spee*1 z int]jections h4 ,mr4 ,horne ,tooke w\ld h be5 pleas$ ) ! sagacity ( a *ild ( five ye>s old 7,s----7 :o call$ laugh+ an int]jection4 ,mr4 ---- gave ,s----a slight p9*1 9 ord] to produce an involunt>y convulsion ) oral s\nd4 ,& :5 ! int]jection ,oh6 0 utt]$ by ! boy1 he 0 told by 8 fa!r1 t ! ^w 0 an int]jection2 &1 t any ^w or noise1 t expresses a sudd5 feel+ ( ! m9d1 may be call$ an int]jection4 ,s----imm$iately said1 is laugh+ an int]jection1 !n8 ,we hope t ! c&id read] w n imag9e1 t we produce ^! say+s ( *ildr5 ( f\r or five ye>s old1 )\t "s s5se ( ! dang] ( ridicule2 b we wi% to give "s idea ( ! sort ( simple answ]s :i* *ildr5 are likely to make 9 _! fir/ grammatical lessons4 ,if too mu* is expect$ f !m1 ! disappo9tm5t1 :i* mu/ be quickly felt1 & w be quickly %[n by ! preceptor1 w disc\rage ! pupil4 ,we mu/ repeat1 t ! fir/ /eps %\ld be frequ5tly retrac$3 a *ild %\ld be = "s weeks accu/om$ to di/+ui% an active v]b1 & its ag5t1 or nom9ative case1 f e o!r ^w 9 a s5t5ce1 be=e we attempt to advance4 ,! objects ( actions are ! next class ( words t %\ld be select$4 ,! fanciful1 or at lea/ :at appe>s to ! mod]ns fanciful1 arrangem5t ( ! cases among/ gramm>ians1 may be disp5s$ ) = ! pres5t4 ,! idea1 t ! nom9ative is a direct1 upright case1 & t ! g5itive decl9es ) ! smalle/ obliquity f x2 ! dative1 accusative1 & ablative1 fall+ fur!r & fur!r f ! p]p5dicul>ity ( spee*1 is a species ( metaphysics n v edify+ to a *ild4 ,into :at absurdity m5 ( abilities may be l$ by ! desire ( expla9+ :at !y d n suffici5tly und]/&1 is fully exemplifi$ 9 o!r sci5ces z well z gramm>4 ,! discov]ies made by ! au?or ( ,epea ,pt]o5ta1 %[ ! diff]5ce betwe5 a va9 attempt to sub/itute analogy & rhetoric 9 ! place ( demon/ration & common s5se4 ,:5 a *ild has be5 pati5tly taught 9 conv]sation to analyze :at he says1 he w take great pleasure 9 ! ex]cise ( 8 new tal5t2 he w soon discov]1 t ! cause ( ! action does n always come be=e ! v]b 9 a s5t5ce1 t sometimes x foll[s ! v]b4 ,john beats ,?omas1 & ,?omas is beat5 by ,john1 he w p]ceive mean ! same ?+2 he may1 ) v little difficulty1 be taught ! diff]5ce betwe5 a v]b active & a v]b passive2 t "o br+s fir/ be=e ! m9d ! p]son or ?+ :i* p]=ms ! action1 & ! o!r repres5ts 9 ! fir/ place ! p]son or ?+ ^u :om ! action is p]=m$4 ,a *ild ( mod]ate capacity1 aft] he has be5 famili>iz$ to ?is g5]al idea ( a v]b active & passive1 & aft] he has be5 taught ! names ( ! cases1 w probably1 )\t mu* difficulty1 discov] t ! nom9ative case to a passive v]b becomes ! accusative case to a v]b active4 ,s*ool-ma/]s are plagu$ by boys4 ,a *ild sees pla9ly1 t s*ool-ma/]s are ! p]sons ^u :om ! action ( plagu+ is p]=m$1 & he w conv]t ! s5t5ce readily into boys plague s*ool-ma/]s4 ,we ne$ n1 h[ev]1 be 9 any hurry to tea* our pupil ! names ( ! cases2 te*nical gramm> may be easily le>n$1 aft] a g5]al idea ( rational gramm> has be5 obta9$4 ,= in/ance1 ! v]b means only ! ^w1 or ! pr9cipal ^w 9 a s5t5ce2 a *ild c easily le>n ?is aft] he has le>nt :at is meant by a s5t5ce2 b x w\ld be extremely difficult to make him compreh5d x be=e he c\ld di/+ui% a v]b f a n\n1 & be=e he _h any idea ( ! /ructure ( a common s5t5ce4 ,f easy1 we %\ld proce$ to m complicat$1 s5t5ces4 ,! grammatical con/ruction ( ! foll[+ l9es1 = example1 may n be imm$iately app>5t to a *ild3 ,:at modes ( sight betwe5 ea* va/ extreme1 ,! mole's dim curta91 & ! lynx's beam2 ,( smell ! headlong lioness betwe51 ,& h\nd sagaci\s on ! ta9t$ gre54 ,( ,smell4 ,a girl ( t5 ye>s old 7,c----7 0 ask$ if %e c\ld tell :at sub/antive ! ^w ( relates to2 %e readily answ]$1 modes4 ,c----_h le>n$ a g5]al idea ( gramm> 9 conv]sation1 9 ! mann] :i* we h describ$4 ,x is ass]t$ f exp]i5ce1 t ?is me?od ( in/ruct+ *ildr5 9 gramm> by conv]sation1 is n only practicable1 b p]fectly easy1 & t ! m9ds ( *ildr5 are adapt$ to ?is species ( k4 ,dur+ life1 we le>n ) eag]ness :atev] is cong5ial ) our pres5t pursuits1 & ! acquisition ( language is "o ( ! mo/ e>ne/ occupations ( *ildhood4 ,aft] di/9ct & ready k ( ! v]b & nom9ative case has be5 acquir$1 ! pupil %\ld be taught to di/+ui% ! object ( an action1 or1 9 o!r words1 ! objective or accusative case4 ,he %\ld be ex]cis$ 9 ?is1 z 9 ! =m] lessons1 repeat$ly1 until x becomes p]fectly famili>2 & he %\ld be enc\rag$ to conv]se ab\t ^! lessons1 & to make 8 own obs]vations conc]n+ gramm>1 )\t fe> ( ! preceptor's p]emptory fr[n1 or positive ref]5ce to 8 rules4 ,a *ild ( five ye>s old1 0 ask$ :at ! ^w ,"h6 meant2 he answ]$1 ,x means to give a ?+4 ,:5 ,i call a p]son1 z1 ,john6 ,john6 x seems to me1 said a boy ( n9e ye>s old 7,s----7 x seems to me1 t ! vocative case is bo? ! v]b & its accusative case4 ,a boy :o _h ev] be5 *eck$ by 8 tutor = mak+ 8 own obs]vations ^u ! my/]i\s subject ( gramm>1 w\ld nev] h d>$ to h ?\ght1 or to h utt]$ a new ?\ght1 s freely4--,=c+ *ildr5 to le>n any art or sci5ce by rote1 )\t p]mitt+ ! ex]cise ( ! und]/&+1 mu/ mat]ially injure _! p[]s bo? ( reason+ & ( inv5tion4 ,we ackn[l$ge t ,wilk9s & ,tooke h %[n ma/]s h[ to tea* gramm> a little bett] ?an x 0 =m]ly taught4 ,=tunately = ! ris+ g5]ation1 all ! words "u ! d5om9ation ( adv]bs1 prepositions1 & conjunctions1 :i* 7 absolute nons5se to u1 may be easily expla9$ to !m1 & ! comm5cem5t ( in/ruction ne$ no long] lay ! f\ndation ( implicit acquiesc5ce 9 nons5se4 ,we ref] to ,mr4 ,horne ,tooke's ,epea ,pt]o5ta1 =be>+ to dilate ^u ! pr9ciples ( 8 "w1 le/ we %\ld appe> 9 ! invidi\s light ( au?ors :o rob ! works ( o!rs to adorn _! own4 ,we _c help express+ a wi%1 t ,mr4 ,horne ,tooke w\ld h ! philan?ropic pati5ce to write an elem5t>y "w 9 a simple /yle1 unfold+ 8 grammatical discov]ies to ! ris+ g5]ation4 ,:5 *ildr5 h ?us by g5tle degrees1 & by %ort & cle> conv]sations1 be5 initiat$ 9 g5]al gramm>1 & famili>iz$ to its te*nical t]ms1 ! fir/ page ( trem5d\s ,lilly w lose mu* ( its horror4 ,x has be5 tak5 = grant$1 t at ! age ( :i* we h be5 speak+1 a *ild c read ,engli% tol]ably well1 & t he has be5 us$ to employ a diction>y4 ,he may n[ proce$ to translate f "s easy books a few %ort s5t5ces3 ! fir/ ^w w probably be an adv]b or conjunction2 ei!r ( !m may readily be f\nd 9 ! ,lat9 diction>y1 & ! "y s*ol> w exult 9 hav+ translat$ "o ^w ( ,lat92 b ! next ^w1 a sub/antive or v]b1 p]haps w elude 8 se>*4 ,n[ ! gramm> may be produc$1 & some?+ ( ! v>i\s t]m9ations ( a n\n may be expla9$4 ,if musam be se>*$ = 9 ! diction>y1 x _c be f\nd1 b musa cat*es ! eye1 &1 ) ! assi/ance ( ! gramm>1 x may be %[n1 t ! mean+ ( words may be discov]$ by ! unit$ helps ( ! diction>y & gramm>4 ,aft] "s days pati5t cont9uation ( ?is ex]cise1 ! use ( ! gramm>1 & ( its unc\? collection ( words & syllables1 w be app>5t to ! pupil3 he w p]ceive t ! gramm> is a sort ( app5dix to ! diction>y4 ,! grammatical =mul may !n1 by g5tle degrees1 be committ$ to memory1 & :5 once got by he>t1 %\ld be assidu\sly pres]v$ 9 ! recollection4 ,aft] ! prep>ation :i* we h recomm5d$1 ! s+ul> numb] ( a decl5sion w be le>nt 9 a few m9utes by a *ild ( ord9>y capacity1 & aft] two or ?ree days repetition1 ! plural numb] may be add$4 ,! :ole ( ! fir/ decl5sion %\ld be well fix$ 9 ! memory be=e a second is attempt$4 ,dur+ ?is process1 a few words at e lesson may be translat$ f ,lat9 to ,engli%1 & su* n\ns z are ( ! fir/ decl5sion1 may be comp>$ ) musa1 & may be decl9$ accord+ to ! same =m4 ,t$i\s z ?is me?od may appe>1 x w 9 ! end be f\nd exp$iti\s4 ,omitt+ "s ( ! !oretic or didactic "p ( ! gramm>1 :i* %\ld only be read1 & :i* may be expla9$ ) c>e & pati5ce1 ! :ole ( ! decl5sions1 pron\ns1 conjugations1 ! li/ ( prepositions & conjunctions1 int]jections1 "s adv]bs1 ! concords1 & common rules ( syntax1 may be compris$ ) suffici5t repetitions 9 ab\t two or ?ree hundr$ lessons ( t5 m9utes ea*2 t is to say1 t5 m9utes application ( ! s*ol> 9 ! pres5ce ( ! tea*]4 ,a "y boy %\ld nev] be set to le>n a lesson by he>t :5 alone4 ,=ty h\rs6 ,is ?is t$i\s8 ,if y are afraid ( los+ "t1 beg9 a few mon?s e>li]2 b beg9 :5 y w1 =ty h\rs is surely no great wa/e ( "t3 ! :ole1 or ev5 half ( ?is %ort "t1 is n sp5t 9 ! lab\r ( gett+ j>gon by rote2 ea* day "s slight advance is made 9 ! k ( words1 & 9 ! k ( _! comb9ations4 ,:at we insi/ ^u is1 t no?+ %\ld be done to disgu/ ! pupil3 /eady p]sev]ance1 ) uni=m g5tl5ess1 w induce habit1 & no?+ %\ld ev] int]rupt ! regul> return ( ! daily lesson4 ,if abs5ce1 bus9ess1 illness1 or any o!r cause1 prev5t ! att5dance ( ! tea*]1 a sub/itute mu/ be appo9t$2 ! idea ( relaxation on ,sunday1 or a holyday1 %\ld nev] be p]mitt$4 ,9 mo/ public sem9>ies above "o ?ird1 9 "s ne>ly "o half1 ( ! ye> is p]mitt$ to idl5ess3 x is ! comp>ison betwe5 sev]e lab\r & dissipation1 t r5d]s le>n+ hateful4 ,johnson is made to say by "o ( 8 female biograph]s1#c t no *ild loves ! p]son :o tea*es him ,lat92 yet ! au?or ( ?is *apt] w\ld n take all ! doctor's fame1 & all ! lady's wit & ri*es1 9 ex*ange = ! h\rly1 unfeign$1 unremitt+ fri5d%ip1 :i* he enjoys ) a son :o _h no o!r ma/] ?an 8 fa!r4 ,s f> f be+ labori\s or tr\blesome1 he has f\nd x an agreeable employm5t to in/ruct 8 *ildr5 9 gramm> & ! le>n$ languages4 ,9 ! mid/ ( a v>iety ( o!r occupations1 half an h\r e morn+ = _m ye>s1 dur+ ! "t ( dress+1 has be5 allott$ to ! in/ruction ( boys ( diff]5t ages 9 languages1 & no o!r "t has be5 sp5t 9 ?is employm5t4 ,7 x ass]t$ t ^! boys made a reasonable progress1 ! expression w\ld convey no di/9ct mean+ to ! read]2 we %all1 !re=e1 m5tion an exp]im5t tri$ ?is morn+1 ,novemb] #h?1 #agif1 to asc]ta9 ! progress ( "o ( ^! pupils4 ,)\t previ\s /udy1 he translat$ tw5ty l9es ( ! /ory ( ,ceyx & ,alcyone1 f ,ovid1 consult+ ! diction>y only twice3 he 0 !n desir$ to translate ! passage :i* he _h read into ,engli% v]se2 & 9 two or ?ree h\rs he produc$ ! foll[+ v]sion4 ,mu* ( ! "t 0 sp5t 9 copy+ ! l9es fairly1 z ?is opportunity 0 tak5 ( excit+ 8 att5tion to writ+ & spell+1 to associate ! habit ( application ) ! pleasure ( volunt>y ex]tion4 ,! curi\s may1 if !y ?9k x wor? _! :ile1 see ! v>i\s read+s & corrections ( ! translation 7,v4 ,*apt] on ,conv]sation1 & ,anecdotes ( ,*ildr57 :i* 7 c>efully pres]v$1 n z ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 b = ! sake ( tru?1 & ) a desire to %[1 t ! pupil _h ! pati5ce to correct4 ,a g5ius may hit (f a few tol]able l9es2 b if a *ild is will+ & able to criticise & correct :at he writes1 he %[s t he selects 8 expressions f *oice1 & n f *ance or imitation2 & he gives to a judici\s tutor ! c]ta9 promise ( future improvem5t4 ,f> 9 a vale !re lies a cave =lorn1 ,:i* ,phoebus nev] ent]s eve or morn1 ,! mi/y cl\ds inhale ! pit*y gr\nd1 ,& twilight l+]s all ! vale ar\nd4 ,no wat*ful cocks ,aurora's beams invite2 ,no dogs nor geese1 ! gu>dians ( ! night3 ,no flocks nor h]ds di/urb ! sil5t pla9s2 ,)9 ! sacr$ walls mute quiet reigns1 ,& murmur+ ,le! soo?+ sleep invites2 ,9 dreams aga9 ! fly+ pa/ delights3 ,f milky fl[]s t ne> ! cav]n gr[1 ,night scatt]s ! collect$ sleep bel[4 ,s----1 ! boy :o made ?is translation1 0 j t5 ye>s old2 he _h made b ?ree previ\s attempts 9 v]sification2 8 read+ 9 poetry _h be5 "s ( ,gay's fables1 p>ts ( ! ,m9/rel1 ?ree odes ( ,gray1 ! ,elegy 9 a ,c\ntry ,*ur*-y>d1 ! ,te>s ( ,old ,may-day1 & p>ts ( ! second volume ( ,dr4 ,d>w9's ,botannic ,g>d52 ,dryd5's translations ( ! fable ( ,ceyx & ,alcyone he _h nev] se52 ! book _h always be5 lock$ up4 ,phdrus & ,ovid's ,metamorphoses 7 ! :ole ( 8 ,lat9 erudition4 ,^! circum/ances are m5tion$ ?us m9utely1 to af=d ! inquisitive tea*] mat]ials = an accurate e/imate ( ! progress made by our me?od ( in/ruction4 ,p]haps mo/ boys ( ,s----'s age1 9 our great public sem9>ies1 w\ld1 ^u a simil> trial1 be f\nd sup]ior4 ,competition 9 ! art ( translation is n our object2 our object is to %[1 t half an h\r a day1 /eadily appropriat$ to gramm> & ,lat91 w\ld be suffici5t to secure a boy ( ?is age1 f any dang] ( ignorance 9 classical le>n+2 & t ! ease & %ortness ( 8 lab\r w prev5t t disgu/1 :i* is too (t5 induc$ by =c$ & incessant application4 ,we may add1 t "s att5tion to ! mann] 9 :i* ! pupils repeat _! ,lat9 lessons1 has be5 f\nd advantage\s3 z !y 7 nev] put 9 bodily fe>1 by ! impati5ce ( a p$agogue1 !y _h leisure & incl9ation to read & recite1 )\t awkw>d ge/ures & discordant tones4 ,! :9+ tones & convulsive ge/ures (t5 contract$ by boys dur+ ! agony ( repeat+ _! long lessons1 are n likely to be advantage\s to ! ris+ g5]ation ( orators4 ,practice1 & ! /rong motive ( emulation1 may1 9 a public sem9>y1 conqu] ^! bad habits4 ,aft] ! pupil has le>n$ to speak ill1 he may be taught to speak well2 b ! *ances are aga9/ him3 & :y %\ld we h ! tr\ble ( break+ bad habits8 ,x is mu* easi] to prev5t !m4 ,9 private education1 z ! preceptor has less *ance ( cur+ 8 pupil ( ! habit ( speak+ ill1 he %\ld be peculi>ly att5tive to give ! *ild con/ant habits ( speak+ & read+ well4 ,x is a/oni%+1 t p>5ts1 :o are extremely int5t ^u ! education ( _! *ildr51 %\ld ov]look "s ( ! ess5tial means ( success4 ,a "y man ) 8 head full ( ,lat9 & law1 w make b a poor figure at ! b>1 or 9 p>liam5t1 if he _c enunciate di/9ctly1 & if he _c speak good ,engli% extempore1 or produce 8 le>n+ & argum5ts ) grace & propriety4 ,x is 9 va9 to expect t a boy %\ld speak well 9 public1 :o _c1 9 common conv]sation1 utt] ?ree connect$ s5t5ces )\t a false concord or a prov9cial idiom2 he may be taught ) mu* c>e & co/ to speak tripod s5t5ces2#d b br+ ! "y orator to ! te/1 br+ him to actual bus9ess1 r\se any ( 8 passions1 ?r[ him (f 8 gu>d1 & !n li/5 to 8 language2 he w =get in/antly 8 read+ ma/]1 & all 8 rules ( pronunciation & rhetoric1 & he w speak ! language to :i* he has be5 mo/ accu/om$4 ,no ma/] w !n be ne> him to regulate ! pit* & tones ( 8 voice4 ,we _c believe t ev5 ,caius ,grac*us c\ld1 :5 he 0 w>m$ by passion1 h li/5$ to ,lic9ius's pit*-pipe4#e ,example1 & con/ant att5tion to _! mann] ( speak+ 9 common conv]sation1 we appreh5d to be ! mo/ c]ta9 me?ods ( prep>+ "y m5 = public speak]s4 ,mu* ( ! "t t is sp5t 9 tea*+ boys to walk ^u /ilts1 might be m advantage\sly employ$ 9 tea*+ !m to walk well )\t !m4 ,x is all v well :il/ ! pupil is "u ! protection ( 8 preceptor4 ,! actor on ! /age is admir$ :il/ he is elevat$ by ! co?urnus2 b "y m5 are n to exhibit _! oratorical tal5ts always ) ! advantages ( /age effect & decorations4 ,we %\ld imag9e1 t mu* ( ! diffid5ce felt by "y m5 ( abilities1 :5 !y fir/ rise to speak 9 public1 may be attribut$ to _! imm$iate p]ception ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 s*ola/ic exhibitions & ! real bus9ess ( life2 !y feel t !y h le>n$ to speak two languages1 :i* mu/ n1 on any acc\nt1 be mix$ toge!r2 ! "o1 ! vulg> language ( common conv]sation2 ! o!r1 ! ref9$ language ( oratorical composition3 ! fir/ !y are mo/ incl9$ to use :5 !y are agitat$2 & !y are agitat$ :5 !y rise to speak be=e numb]s3 consequ5tly !re is an imm$iate /ruggle betwe5 cu/om & in/itution4 ,n[1 a "y man1 :o 9 common conv]sation 9 8 own family has nev] be5 accu/om$ to he> or to speak vulg> or ungrammatical language1 _c possibly appreh5d t he %all sudd5ly utt] ridicul\s expressions2 he kn[s1 t1 if he speaks at all1 he %all at lea/ speak good ,engli%2 & he is n afraid1 t1 if he is pursu$1 he %all be oblig$ to ?r[ away 8 cumbr\s /ilts4 ,! practice ( speak+ 9 public1 we are s5sible1 is a great advantage2 b ! habit ( speak+ accurately 9 private1 is ( /ill great] consequ5ce3 ?is habit dep5ds ^u ! e>ly & p]sev]+ c>e ( ! p>5t & ! preceptor4 ,!re is no reason :y *ildr5 %\ld n be made at ! same "t good s*ol>s & good speak]s2 nor is !re any reason :y boys1 :il/ !y le>n to write ,lat91 %\ld be suff]$ to =get h[ to write ,engli%4 ,x w\ld be a great advantage to ! "y classical s*ol>1 if 8 ,lat9 & ,engli% lit]ature 7 mix$2 ! ta/e = anci5t au?ors & = mod]n lit]ature1 ought to be cultivat$ at ! same "t2 & ! beauties ( composition1 *>act]i/ic ( diff]5t languages1 %\ld be famili>iz$ to ! /ud5t4 ,classical k & ta/e af=d su* cont9ual & innoc5t s\rces ( amusem5t1 t we %\ld be extremely sorry t any ( our pupils %\ld n enjoy !m 9 _! fulle/ ext5t2 b we d n include a tal5t = ,lat9 composition among/ ! necess>y accompli%m5ts ( a g5tleman4 ,!re are situations 9 life1 :]e facility & elegance 9 writ+ ,lat9 may be useful1 b su* situations are n common2 :5 a "y man is int5d$ = !m1 he may be tra9$ ) m p>ticul> assiduity to ?is art2 p]haps = ?is purpose ! true ,busbyean me?od is ! be/4 ,! great ,lat9 & ,greek s*ol>s ( ! age1 h no reason to be displeas$ by ! ass]tion1 t classical pr(ici5cy equal to _! own1 is n a necess>y accompli%m5t 9 a g5tleman2 if _! le>n+ become m r>e1 x may !nce become m valuable4 ,we see no reason :y !re %\ld n be ,lat9i/s z well z special plead]s4 ,we h n laid d[n any c\rse ( classical /udy2 ^? :o consid] ! ord] 9 :i* c]ta9 au?ors are read1 z ( mat]ial consequ5ce 9 ! education ( s*ol>s1 may consult ,milton1 ,mrs4 ,macaulay1 ,milne's ,well-br$ ,s*ol>1 c4 :]e !y w f9d precise directions4 ,we h lately se5 a collection ( ex]cises = boys1#f :i* 9 "s measure supplies ! defect ( ,mr4 ,g>retson's curi\s p]=mance4 ,we wi% mo/ e>ne/ly t diction>ies 7 improv$4 ,! au?or ( ,/emmata ,lat9itatis1 has conf]r$ an ess5tial s]vice on ! public2 b /ill !re is want+ a diction>y = s*ools1 9 :i* elegant & prop] ,engli% might be sub/itut$ = ! b>b>\s translations n[ 9 use4 ,su* a diction>y c\ld n be compil$1 we %\ld ?9k1 )\t an att5tion to ! c\rse ( books t are mo/ commonly us$ 9 s*ools4 ,! fir/ mean+s giv5 9 ! diction>y1 %\ld suit ! fir/ au?ors t a boy reads2 ?is may probably be a remote or metaphoric mean+3 !n ! radical ^w %\ld be m5tion$1 & x w\ld n co/ a ma/] any great tr\ble to trace ! g5ealogy ( words to ! p>5t /ock4 ,cord]y is a collection ( su* mean s5t5ces1 & un9/ructive dialogue1 z to be totally unfit = boys4 ,comm5ius's ,visible ,_w display$1 is f> sup]ior1 & might1 ) prop] alt]ations & bett] pr9ts1 become a valuable ,engli% s*ool-book4 ,bo? ^! books 7 int5d$ = c\ntries :]e ! ,lat9 language 0 commonly spok51 & consequ5tly !y are fill$ ) ! t]ms necess>y = dome/ic life & conv]sation3 = ?is v reason !y are n good introductions to ! classics4 ,selections f ,bailey's ,phdrus1 w be prop] = "y beg9n]s1 ^u acc\nt ( ! gloss>y4 ,we pref] ?is mode ( assi/+ !m ) gloss>ies to ! use ( translations1 because !y d n induce indol5t habits1 & yet !y prev5t ! pupil f hav+ unnecess>y lab\r4 ,translations always give ! pupil m tr\ble 9 ! end1 ?an !y save 9 ! beg9n+4 ,! gloss>y to ,bailey's ,phdrus1 :i* we h j m5tion$1 wants mu* to be mod]niz$1 & ! language requires to be improv$4 ,mr4 ,valpy's ,select ,s5t5ces1 w\ld be mu* m useful if !y _h a gloss>y annex$4 ,z !y are1 !y w1 h[ev]1 be useful aft] ,phdrus4 ,ovid's ,metamorphoses1 ) all its mon/r\s faults1 appe>s to be ! be/ introduction to ! ,lat9 classics1 & to hea!n my?ology4 ,norris's ,ovid may be safely put into ! h&s ( *ildr51 z x is a selection ( ! lea/ exceptionable fables4 ,to accu/om boys to read poetry & prose ne>ly at ! same p]iod1 is advantage\s4 ,cornelius ,nepos1 a crabb$ book1 b useful f its brevity1 & f its be+ a prop] introduction to ,grecian & ,roman hi/ory1 may be read ne>ly at ! same "t ) ,ovid's ,metamorphoses4 ,aft] ,ovid1 ! pupil may beg9 ,virgil1 po/pon+ "s ( ! ,eclogues1 & all ! ,georgics4 ,we recomm5d t "s ,engli% books %\ld be put into ! h&s ( boys :il/ !y are go+ ?r\gh ,phdrus1 ,ovid1 & ,cornelius ,nepos1 :i* may suit ) ! ideas !y acquire f ^! ,lat9 au?ors4 ,plut>*'s ,lives1 = in/ance1 w be useful & int]e/+4 ,:5 we m5tion ,plut>*'s ,lives1 we _c help recollect+ h[ _m great p h ackn[l$g$ ! effect ( ?is book 9 _! e>ly education4 ,*>les ! ,twelf?1 ,r\sseau1 ,madame ,rol&1 ,gibbon1 we imm$iately rememb]1 & we are sure we h notic$ _m o!rs4 ,an abridgm5t ( ,plut>*1 by ,mrs4 ,helme1 :i* we h look$ into1 appe>s 7! preface except$7 to be well writt52 & we see ano!r abridgm5t ( ,plut>* adv]tis$1 :i* we hope may prove s]viceable3 good pr9ts to a ,plut>* = *ildr51 w\ld be v desirable4 ,z an ,engli% introduction to my?ology1 we recomm5d ! fir/ volume ( ,"l ,*e/]field's ,lett]s1 z a mo/ elegant view ( hea!n my?ology4 ,b if !re be any dang] t ! fir/ volume %\ld introduce ! rema9d] ( ,"l ,*e/]field's "w to ! inexp]i5c$ read]1 we %\ld c]ta9ly =be> ! exp]im5t3 x w\ld be f> bett] = a "y man nev] to be acqua9t$ ) a s+le hea!n deity1 ?an to pur*ase ,"l ,*e/]field's classical k at ! haz>d ( contam9ation f 8 dete/able sy/em ( morals4 ,)\t 8 ,lord%ip's assi/ance1 ,mrs4 ,monsigny's ,my?ology c prop]ly initiate ! "y pupil ( ei!r sex into ! my/]ies ( anci5t fables4 ,! notes to ,pott]'s s*ylus1 are also well suit$ to our purpose4 ,9 ,dr4 ,d>w9's ,botanic ,g>d51 !re are "s beautiful poetic allusions to anci5t gems & anci5t fables1 :i* mu/ fix !mselves 9 ! memory or 9 ! imag9ation ( ! pupil4 ,! soon] !y are read1 ! bett]2 we h felt ! advantage ( putt+ !m into ! h&s ( a boy ( n9e or t5 ye>s old4 ,! e> %\ld be =m$ to ,engli% z well z to ,lat9 poetry4 ,classical poetry1 )\t ! k ( my?ology1 is un9telligible3 if *ildr5 /udy ! "o1 !y mu/ le>n ! o!r4 ,dive/$ ( ! *>ms ( poetry1 & consid]$ )\t classical prepossession1 my?ology pres5ts a sy/em ( crimes & absurdities1 :i* no allegorical1 metaphysical1 or lit]al int]pret]s ( mod]n times1 c p]fectly reconcile to common s5se1 or common morality2 b our poets h naturaliz$ anci5t fables1 s t my?ology is become ess5tial ev5 to mod]n lit]ature4 ,! associations ( ta/e1 ?\gh arbitr>y1 are n easily *ang$ 9 a nation ^: lit]ature has atta9$ to a c]ta9 pit* ( ref9em5t1 & ^: critical judgm5ts mu/ consequ5tly h be5 = "s g5]ations traditional4 ,!re are subjects ( popul> allusion1 :i* poets & orators reg>d z common prop]ty2 to dispossess !m ( ^!1 seems impracticable1 aft] "t has sanction$ ! prescriptive "r4 ,b new k1 & ! cultivation ( new sci5ces1 pres5t objects ( poetic allusion :i*1 skilfully manag$ by m5 ( inv5tive g5ius1 w oppose to ! habitual rev]5ce = antiquity1 ! *>ms ( novelty unit$ to ! voice ( philosophy4#g ,9 education we mu/1 h[ev]1 consid] ! actual /ate ( mann]s 9 t _w 9 :i* our pupils are to live1 z well z our wi%es or our hopes ( its gradual improvem5t4#h ,) a little c>e1 preceptors may manage s z to tea* my?ology )\t 9 ! lea/ injur+ _! pupils4 ,*ildr5 may be famili>iz$ to ! /range mann]s & /range p]sonages ( anci5t fable1 & may consid] !m z a set ( be+s :o are n to be judg$ by any rules ( morality1 & :o h no?+ 9 common ) ourselves4 ,! c>icatura ( "s ( ! passions1 p]haps1 w n %ock *ildr5 :o are n us$ to _! natural appe>ance2 !y w pass ov] ! /ories ( love & jeal\sy1 m]ely because !y d n und]/& !m4 ,we %\ld r leave !m completely un9telligible1 ?an attempt1 l ,mr4 ,riley1 9 8 my?ological pocket diction>y = y\?1 to elucidate ! :ole at once1 by assur+ *ildr5 t ,saturn 0 ,adam1 t ,atlas is ,moses1 & 8 bro!r ,hesp]us1 ,a>on2 t ,v]tumnus & ,pomona 7 ,boaz & ,ru?2 t ,m>s corresponds ) ,jo%ua2 t ,apollo accords ) ,david1 s9ce !y bo? play$ ^u ! h>p2 t ,m]cury c be no o!r ?an our ,ar*angel ,mi*ael1 s9ce !y bo? h w+s on _! arms & feet2 t1 9 %ort1 to complete ! concordance1 ,momus is a /rik+ lik5ess ( ,satan4 ,! anci5ts1 ,mr4 ,riley all[s1 h s mu* disfigur$ ^! p]sonages1 t x is h>d to "k _m ( ! portraits aga9 at fir/ sight2 h[ev]1 he is p]suad$ t ! "y /ud5t w f9d a peculi> gratification 9 trac+ ! lik5ess1 & he has k9dly furni%$ u ) a catalogue to expla9 ! exhibition1 & to guide u ?r\gh 8 new pan!on4 ,z books ( ref]5ce1 ! conv5i5t size1 & compress$ in=mation1 ( pocket my?ological diction>ies1 w recomm5d !m to g5]al use2 b we object to ! mis]able pr9ts ) :i* !y are sometimes disgrac$4 ,! fir/ impression made ^u ! imag9ation#i ( *ildr51 is ( ! utmo/ consequ5ce to _! future ta/e4 ,! beautiful engrav+s#aj 9 ,sp5ce's ,polymetis1 w introduce ! hea!n deities 9 _! mo/ graceful & picturesque =ms to ! fancy4 ,! language ( ,sp5ce1 ?\gh classical1 is n entirely free f p$antic affectation1 & 8 dialogues are1 p]haps1 too /iff & long w9d$ = our "y pupils4 ,b a p>5t or preceptor c easily select ! useful explanations2 & 9 turn+ ov] ! pr9ts1 !y c easily associate "s g5]al notion ( ! hi/ory & attributes ( ! gods & goddesses ) _! =ms3 ! little eag] spectators w1 z !y cr[d r\nd ! book1 acquire imp]ceptibly all ! necess>y k ( my?ology1 imbibe ! fir/ pleas+ ideas ( ta/e1 & /ore _! imag9ation ) classic imag]y4 ,! same precautions t are necess>y to educate ! eye1 are also necess>y to =m ! e> & und]/&+ ( ta/e4 ,! fir/ my?ological descriptions :i* our pupils read1 %\ld be ! be/ 9 _! k9d4 ,comp>e ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ,europa 9 a pocket diction>y1 ) h] figure 9 a poetical gem--,europa1 ! daught] ( ,ag5or1 k+ ( ! ,pho5icians1 & si/] ( ,cadmus4 ,?is pr9cess 0 s beautiful1 t1 !y say1 "o ( ! companions ( ,juno _h robb$ h] ( a pot ( pa9t to be/[ on ?is lady1 :i* r5d]$ h] s h&some4 ,%e 0 belov$ ( ,jupit]1 :o assum$ ! %ape ( a bull to run away ) h]1 swam ov] ! sea ) h] on 8 back1 & c>ri$ h] into t "p ( ! _w n[ call$ ,europe1 f h] "n4 ,s f> ! diction>y2 n[ = ! poet4 ,n[ l[s a milk-:ite bull on ,afric's /r&1 ,& crops ) danc+ head ! daisy'd l&2 ,) rosy wrea!s ,europa's h& adorns ,8 fr+$ =ehead & 8 pe>ly horns2 ,light on 8 back ! sportive damsel b\nds1 ,&1 pleas'd1 he moves along ! fl[]y gr\nds2 ,be>s ) sl[ /ep 8 beaute\s prize alo(1 ,dips 9 ! lucid flood 8 ivory ho(2 ,!n wets 8 velvet knees1 & wad+ laves ,8 silky sides1 amid ! dimpl+ waves4 ,:ile h] fond tra9 ) beckon+ h&s deplore1 ,/ra9 _! blue eyes1 & %riek along ! %ore3 ,b5ea? h] robe %e draws h] sn[y feet1 ,&1 half recl9+ on h] erm9e seat1 ,r\nd 8 rais'd neck h] radiant arms %e ?r[s1 ,& re/s h] fair *eek on 8 curl$ br[s2 ,h] yell[ tresses wave on wanton gales1 ,& high 9 air h] azure mantle sails4#aa ,,footnotes3 #a ,g>retson's ,ex]cises1 ! t5? edition4 #b ,v4 ,*apt] on ,att5tion4 #c ,mrs4 ,piozzi4 #d ,v4 ,blair4 #e ,v4 ,plut>*4 #f ,valpy's ,ex]cises4 #g ,v4 ,d>w9's ,poetry4 #h ,s9ce ! above 0 writt51 we h se5 a lett] f ,dr4 ,aik9 to 8 son on ! morality & poetic m]it ( ! fable ( ,circe1 :i* conv9ces u t ! obs]vations t we h haz>d$ are n premature4 #i ,*apt] on ,imag9ation4 #aj ,we speak ( ^! engrav+s z beautiful1 = ! times 9 :i* !y 7 done2 mod]n arti/s h arriv$ at high] p]fection4 #aa ,d>w94 ,v4 ,botanic ,g>d54 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,on ,,geography ,,& ,,*ronology4 ,! usual mann] ( tea*+ ,geography & ,*ronology1 may1 p]haps1 be necess>y 9 public sem9>ies1 :]e a numb] ( boys are to le>n ! same ?+ at ! same "t2 b :at is le>n$ 9 ?is mann]1 is n p]man5t2 some?+ besides m]ely committ+ names & dates to ! memory1 is requisite to make a useful impression ^u ! memory4 ,= ! tru? ( ?is obs]vation1 an appeal is made to ! read]4 ,let him recollect1 :e!r ! ,geography & ,*ronology :i* he le>n$ :il/ a boy1 are :at he n[ rememb]s--,:e!r he has n obta9$ 8 pres5t k f o!r s\rces ?an ! tasks ( e>ly ye>s4 ,:5 bus9ess1 or conv]sation1 calls ^u u to furni% facts accurate z to place & "t1 we retrace our =m] het]og5e\s acquirem5ts1 & select ^? circum/ances :i* are connect$ ) our pres5t pursuit1 & ?us we =m1 z x 71 a nucleus r\nd :i* o!r facts ins5sibly arrange !mselves4 ,p]haps no two m5 9 ! _w1 :o are well v]s$ 9 ^! /udies1 connect _! k 9 ! same mann]4 ,relation to "s p>ticul> c\ntry1 "s fav\rite hi/ory1 "s di/+ui%$ p]son1 =ms ! connection :i* guides our recollection1 & :i* arranges our increas+ nom5clature4 ,by att5d+ to :at passes 9 our own m9ds1 we may le>n an effectual me?od ( tea*+ )\t pa91 & )\t any extraord9>y burd5 to ! memory1 all t is useful ( ^! sci5ces4 ,! details ( hi/ory %\ld be m>k$ by a few *ronological ras1 & by a few g5]al ideas ( geography4 ,:5 ^! h be5 once completely associat$ 9 ! m9d1 !re is little dang] ( _! be+ ev] disunit$3 ! sight ( any c\ntry w recall its hi/ory1 & ev5 f repres5tations 9 a map1 or on ! globe1 :5 ! m9d is wak5$ by any rec5t ev5t1 a long tra9 ( concomitant ideas w recur4 ,! use ( te*nical helps to ! memory1 has be5 condemn$ by _m1 & c]ta9ly1 :5 !y are employ$ z artifices to supply ! place ( real k1 !y are contemptible2 b :5 !y are us$ z indexes to facts t h be5 really collect$ 9 ! m9d2 :5 !y s]ve to arrange ! mat]ials ( k 9 appropriate classes1 & to give a sure & rapid clue to recollection1 !y are ( real advantage to ! und]/&+4 ,inde$1 !y are n[ s common1 t pret5d]s _c build ! slighte/ reputation ^u _! f\ndation4 ,7 an orator to attempt a display ( long *ronological accuracy1 he might be w(ully conf\nd$ by 8 oppon5t's apply+ at ! fir/ pause1 #ab;,elsluk he w\ld h said6 ,ample mat]ials are furni%$ 9 ,gray's ,memoria ,te*nica1 f :i* a %ort & useful selection may be made1 accord+ to ! purposes :i* are 9 view4 ,= *ildr51 ! little ballad ( ! ,*apt] ( ,k+s1 w n be f\nd b5ea? ! notice ( mo!rs :o att5d to education4 ,if ! te*nical t]m9ations ( ,gray are ins]t$1 !y w nev] be =gott51 or may be easily recall$4#ac ,we sc>cely ev] =get a ballad if ! tune is popul>4 ,= pupils at a m advanc$ age1 x w be f\nd advantage\s to employ te*nical helps ( a m sci5tific con/ruction4 ,prie/ley's ,*>t ( ,biography may1 f "t to "t1 be hung 9 _! view4 ,small] *>ts1 ^u ! same plan1 might be provid$ ) a few names z l&-m>ks2 ^! may be fill$ up by ! pupil ) su* names z he selects f hi/ory2 !y may be b\nd 9 octavo1 l maps1 by ! middle1 s z to unfold bo? ways--,?irty-n9e in*es by n9e w be a conv5i5t size4 ,pr9ts1 maps1 & m$als1 :i* are "p ( ! con/ant furniture ( a room1 are seldom att5d$ to by "y p2 b :5 circum/ances excite an int]e/ ^u any p>ticul> subject1 !n is ! mom5t to produce ! symbols :i* record & communicate k4 ,mrs4 ,radcliffe1 9 h] judici\s & picturesque ,t\r ?r\gh ,g]many1 tells u1 t 9 pass+ ?r\gh ! ap>tm5ts ( a palace :i* ! ar*du*ess ,m>ia ,*ri/iana1 ! si/] ( ! late un=tunate que5 ( ,france1 _h left a few h\rs be=e1 %e saw spread ^u a table a map ( all ! c\ntries !n includ$ 9 ! seat ( ! w>4 ,! positions ( ! sev]al corps ( ! alli$ armies 7 m>k$ ^u ?is *>t ) small pieces ( v>i\s col\r$ wax4 ,c x be d\bt$1 t ! /rong int]e/ :i* ?is pr9cess mu/ h tak5 9 ! subject1 w\ld = ev] impress ^u h] memory ! geography ( ?is "p ( ! _w8 ,h[ _m p are !re :o h become geograph]s s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! pres5t w>4 ,ev5 ! common newspap]s dissem9ate ?is species ( k1 & ^? :o sc>cely knew ! situation ( ,bre/ h>b\r a few ye>s ago1 h consult$ ! map ) t eag]ness :i* approa*+ dang] excites2 !y consequ5tly w t5aci\sly rememb] all ! geographical k !y h ?us acquir$4 ,! art ( creat+ an int]e/ 9 ! /udy ( geography1 dep5ds ^u ! dext]ity ) :i* pass+ circum/ances are seiz$ by a preceptor 9 conv]sation4 ,:at are maps or m$als1 /atues or pictures1 b te*nical helps to memory8 ,if a "m possess good pr9ts1 or ca/s ( anci5t gems1 let !m be %[n to any p]sons ( ta/e & k :o visit h]2 _! att5tion leads t ( our pupils2 imitation & sympa?y are ! p>5ts ( ta/e1 & ta/e reads 9 ! monum5ts ( art :atev] hi/ory has record$4 ,9 ! ,adele & ,!odore ( ,madame de ,sill]i1 a numb] ( adv5titi\s helps are describ$ = tea*+ hi/ory & *ronology4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ^! are useful2 & al?\gh su* an app>atus _c be procur$ by private families1 =tunately ! pr9t-%ops ( e prov9cial t[n1 & ( ! capital 9 p>ticul>1 furni% ev5 to ! pass5g] a cont9ual succession ( in/ruction4 ,might n pr9ts1 assort$ = ! purposes :i* we h m5tion$1 be l5t at circulat+ libr>ies8 ,to assi/ our pupils 9 geography1 we pref] a globe to common maps4 ,might n a *eap1 portable1 & conv5i5t globe1 be made ( oil$ silk1 to be inflat$ by a common pair ( bell[s8 ,ma!matical exactness is n requisite = our purpose1 & ?\gh we c\ld n pret5d to ! precision ( our be/ globes1 yet a balloon ( ?is sort w\ld comp5sate by its size & conv5i5ce = its inaccuracy4 ,x might be hung by a l9e f its nor? pole1 to a hook screw$ into ! horizontal ar*itrave ( a door or w9d[2 & ano!r /r+ f its s\? pole might be fa/5$ at a prop] angle to ! floor1 to give ! requisite elevation to ! axis ( ! globe4 ,an idea ( ! diff]5t projections ( ! sph]e1 may be easily acquir$ f ?is globe 9 its flaccid /ate1 & any "p ( x might be consult$ z a map1 if x 7 laid ^u a convex bo>d ( a conv5i5t size4 ,impressions f ! plates :i* are us$ = common globes1 might be tak5 to try ?is idea )\t any great tr\ble or exp5se2 b we wi% to employ a mu* l>g] scale1 & to h !m five or six feet diamet]4 ,! inside ( a globe ( ?is sort might be easily illum9at$1 & ?is w\ld add mu* to ! novelty & beauty ( its appe>ance4 ,9 ! c\ntry1 ) ! assi/ance ( a common c>p5t] & pla/]]1 a l>ge globe ( la? & pla/] may be made = ! in/ruction & ent]ta9m5t ( a num]\s family ( *ildr54 ,^u ?is !y %\ld leisurely del9eate f "t to "t1 by _! giv5 latitudes & longitudes1 su* places z !y become acqua9t$ ) 9 read+ or conv]sation4 ,! capital city1 = in/ance1 ( ! diff]5t c\ntries ( ,europe1 ! riv]s1 & ! neighb\r+ t[ns1 until at la/ ! outl9e might be add$3 = ! sake ( conv5i5ce1 ! l9es1 c4 may be fir/ del9eat$ ^u a piece ( pap]1 f :i* !y may be accurately transf]r$ to _! prop] places on ! globe1 by ! int]v5tion ( black-lead$ pap]1 or by prick+ ! l9es ?r\gh ! pap]1 & p\nc+ p[d]$ blue ?r\gh ! holes ^u ! surface ( ! globe4 ,we ent] into ?is detail because we are conv9c$1 t e addition to ! active manual employm5t ( *ildr51 is ( consequ5ce1 n only to _! improvem5t1 b to _! happ9ess4 ,ano!r inv5tion has occurr$ to u = tea*+ geography & hi/ory toge!r4 ,prie/ley's ,*>t ( ,hi/ory1 ?\gh con/ruct$ ) great +5uity1 does n invite ! att5tion ( "y p3 !re is an intricacy 9 ! detail :i* is n obvi\s at fir/4 ,to rem$y :at appe>s to u a difficulty1 we propose t eight & tw5ty1 or p]haps ?irty1 octavo maps ( ! globe %\ld be engrav$2 ^u ^! %\ld be trac$1 9 succession1 ! diff]5t situations ( ! diff]5t c\ntries ( ! _w1 z to p[] & ext5t1 dur+ ea* respective c5tury3 diff]5t col\rs might d5ote ! pr9cipal divisions ( ! _w 9 ea* ( ^! maps2 ! same col\r always d5ot+ ! same c\ntry1 ) ! addition ( "o /rong col\r2 r$1 = in/ance1 to di/+ui% t c\ntry :i* _h at ea* p]iod ! pr9cipal dom9ion4 ,on ! upp] & l[] m>g9 9 ^! maps1 ! names ( illu/ri\s p]sons might be engrav5 9 ! mann] ( ! biographical *>t2 & ! reign+ op9ions ( ea* c5tury %\ld also be ins]t$4 ,?us hi/ory1 *ronology1 & geography1 w\ld appe> at once to ! eye 9 _! prop] ord]1 & regul> succession1 divid$ into c5turies & p]iods1 :i* easily occur to recollection4 ,we =be> to expatiate ^u ?is subject1 z x has n be5 actually submitt$ to exp]im5t2 c>efully avoid+ 9 ! :ole ( ?is "w to recomm5d any mode ( in/ruction :i* we h n actually put 9 practice4 ,= ?is reason1 we h n spok5 ( ! abb ,gaulti]'s me?od ( tea*+ geography1 z we h only be5 able to obta9 acc\nts ( x f ! public pap]s1 & f reviews2 we are1 h[ev]1 dispos$ to ?9k fav\rably be=eh&1 ( any mode :i* unites amusem5t ) in/ruction4 ,we _c =be> recomm5d+1 9 ! /ronge/ mann]1 a few pages ( ,roll9 9 8 ,?\ghts ^u ,education1#ad :i* we ?9k conta9 an excell5t specim5 ( ! mann] 9 :i* a well in=m$ preceptor might lead 8 pupils a geographical1 hi/orical1 botanical1 & physiological t\r ^u ! artificial globe4 ,we conclude ?is *apt] ( h9ts1 by repeat+ :at we h be=e ass]t$1 t ?\gh te*nical assi/ance may be ( ready use to ^? :o are really acqua9t$ ) t k to :i* x ref]s1 x nev] c supply ! place ( accurate in=mation4 ,! causes ( ! rise & fall ( empires1 ! progress ( human k1 & ! great discov]ies ( sup]ior m9ds1 are ! real l9ks :i* connect ! *a9 ( political k4 ,,footnotes3 #ab ,v4 ,gray's ,memoria ,te*nica1 & ! ,critic4 #ac ,in/ead ( ,william ! conqu]or long did reign1 ,& ,william 8 son by an arr[ 0 sla94 ,read1 ,william ! ,consau long did reign1 ,& ,rufkoi 8 son by an arr[ 0 sla94 ,& s on f ,gray's ,memoria ,te*nica to ! end ( ! *apt]4 #ad ,page #bd4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,on ,,ari?metic4 ,! man :o is ignorant t two & two make f\r1 is /igmatiz$ ) ! "* ( hopeless /upidity2 except1 z ,swift has rem>k$1 9 ! ari?metic ( ! cu/oms1 :]e two & two d n always make ! same sum4 ,we mu/ n judge ( ! und]/&+ ( a *ild by ?is te/1 = _m *ildr5 ( quick abilities d n imm$iately ass5t to ?is proposition :5 x is fir/ laid be=e !m4 ,two & two make f\r1 says ! tutor4 ,well1 *ild1 :y d y />e s8 ,! *ild />es because ! ^w make is 9 ?is s5t5ce us$ 9 a s5se :i* is q new to him2 he kn[s :at x is to make a b[1 & to make a noise1 b h[ ?is active v]b is applicable 9 ! pres5t case1 :]e !re is no ag5t to p]=m ! action1 he _c cle>ly compreh5d4 ,two & two are f\r1 is m intelligible2 b ev5 ?is ass]tion1 ! *ild1 = want ( a di/9ct notion ( ! s5se 9 :i* ! ^w are is us$1 does n und]/&4 ,two & two are call$ f\r1 is1 p]haps1 ! mo/ accurate phrase a tutor c use2 b ev5 ^! words w convey no mean+ until !y h be5 associat$ ) ! pupil's p]ceptions4 ,:5 he has once p]ceiv$ ! comb9ation ( ! numb]s ) real objects1 x w !n be easy to tea* him t ! words are call$1 are1 & make1 9 ! =ego+ proposition1 are synonym\s t]ms4 ,we h *os5 ! fir/ simple in/ance we c\ld recollect1 to %[ h[ difficult ! words we g5]ally use 9 tea*+ ari?metic1 mu/ be to our "y pupils4 ,x w\ld be an unpr(itable task to enum]ate all ! puzzl+ te*nical t]ms :i*1 9 _! e>lie/ lessons1 *ildr5 are oblig$ to he>1 )\t be+ able to und]/&4 ,x is n f want ( capacity t s _m *ildr5 are defici5t 9 ari?metical skill2 & x is absurd to say1 su* a *ild has no g5ius = ari?metic4 ,su* a *ild _c be made to compreh5d any ?+ ab\t numb]s4 ,^! ass]tions prove no?+1 b t ! p]sons :o make !m1 are ignorant ( ! art ( tea*+4 ,a *ild's seem+ /upidity 9 le>n+ ari?metic1 may1 p]haps1 be a pro( ( intellig5ce & good s5se4 ,x is easy to make a boy1 :o does n reason1 repeat by rote any te*nical rules :i* a common writ+-ma/]1 ) magi/]ial solemnity1 may lay d[n = him2 b a *ild :o reasons1 w n be ?us easily manag$2 he /ops1 fr[ns1 hesitates1 que/ions 8 ma/]1 is wret*$ & refractory1 until he c discov] :y he is to proce$ 9 su* & su* a mann]2 he is n cont5t ) see+ 8 preceptor make figures & l9es ^u a slate1 & p]=m wondr\s op]ations ) ! self-complac5t dext]ity ( a conjur]4 ,a s5sible boy is n satisfi$ ) m]ely see+ ! total ( a giv5 sum1 or ! answ] to a giv5 "q1 come out "r2 he insi/s ^u kn[+ :y x is "r4 ,he is n cont5t to be l$ to ! treasures ( sci5ce bl9dfold2 he w\ld te> ! b&age f 8 eyes1 t he might "k ! way to !m aga94 ,t _m *ildr51 :o h be5 ?\ght to be sl[ 9 le>n+ ari?metic1 h1 aft] _! escape f ! h&s ( p$agogues1 become rem>kable = _! quickness1 is a fact suffici5tly prov$ by exp]i5ce4 ,we %all only m5tion "o in/ance1 :i* we happ5$ to meet ) :il/ we 7 writ+ ?is *apt]4 ,john ,ludwig1 a ,saxon peasant1 0 dismiss$ f s*ool :5 he 0 a *ild1 aft] f\r ye>s ineffectual /ruggle to le>n ! common rules ( ari?metic4 ,he _h be51 dur+ ?is "t1 beat5 & scold$ 9 va94 ,he sp5t sev]al subsequ5t ye>s 9 common c\ntry lab\r1 b at l5g? "s accid5tal circum/ances excit$ 8 ambition1 & he became exp]t 9 all ! common rules1 & ma/]$ ! rule ( ?ree & fractions1 by ! help ( an old s*ool book1 9 ! c\rse ( "o ye>4 ,he aft]w>ds taught himself geometry1 & rais$ himself1 by ! =ce ( 8 abilities & p]sev]ance1 f obscurity to fame4 ,we %\ld l to see ! book :i* help$ ,mr4 ,ludwig to conqu] 8 difficulties4 ,introductions to ,ari?metic are1 (t51 calculat$ r = adepts 9 sci5ce1 ?an = ! ignorant4 ,we d n pret5d to h discov]$ any %ort] me?od ?an :at is common1 ( tea*+ ^! sci5ces2 b1 9 con=mity ) ! pr9ciples :i* are laid d[n 9 ! =m] "p ( ?is "w1 we h endeav\r$ to tea* _! rudim5ts )\t disgu/+ our pupils1 & )\t habituat+ !m to be cont5t$ ) m]ely te*nical op]ations4 ,9 ari?metic1 z 9 e o!r bran* ( education1 ! pr9cipal object %\ld be1 to pres]ve ! und]/&+ f implicit belief2 to invigorate its p[]s2 to associate pleasure ) lit]ature1 & to induce ! laudable ambition ( progressive improvem5t4 ,z soon z a *ild c read1 he %\ld be accu/om$ to c\nt1 & to h ! names ( numb]s e>ly connect$ 9 8 m9d ) ! comb9ations :i* !y repres5t4 ,= ?is purpose1 he %\ld be taught to add fir/ by ?+s1 & aft]w>ds by signs or figures4 ,he %\ld be taught to =m comb9ations ( ?+s by add+ !m toge!r "o aft] ano!r4 ,at ! same "t t he acquires ! names t h be5 giv5 to ^! comb9ations1 he %\ld be taught ! figures or symbols t repres5t !m4 ,= example1 :5 x is famili> to ! *ild1 t "o almond1 & "o almond1 are call$ two almonds2 t "o almond1 & two almonds1 are call$ ?ree almonds1 & s on1 he %\ld be taught to di/+ui% ! figures t repres5t ^! assemblages2 t #c means "o & two1 c4 ,ea* op]ation ( ari?metic %\ld proce$ 9 ?is mann]1 f individuals to ! ab/ract notation ( signs4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ op]ations ( ! reason+ faculty1 is ab/raction2 t is to say1 ! p[] ( class+ a numb] ( individuals "u "o "n4 ,"y *ildr5 call /rang]s ei!r m5 or wom52 ev5 ! mo/ ignorant savages#ae h a prop5sity to g5]alize4 ,we may err ei!r by accu/om+ our pupils too mu* to ! consid]ation ( tangible sub/ances :5 we tea* !m ari?metic1 or by turn+ _! att5tion too mu* to signs4 ,! art ( =m+ a s\nd & active und]/&+1 consi/s 9 ! due mixture ( facts & reflection4 ,dr4 ,reid has1 9 8 ,essay on ! ,intellectual ,p[]s ( ,man1 page #big1 po9t$ out1 ) great +5uity1 ! admirable economy ( nature 9 limit+ ! p[]s ( reason+ dur+ ! fir/ ye>s ( infancy4 ,?is is ! season = cultivat+ ! s5ses1 & :oev]1 at ?is e>ly age1 endeav\rs to =ce ! t5d] %oots ( reason1 w rep5t 8 ra%ness4 ,9 ! *apt] on ,toys1 we h recomm5d$ ! use ( pla91 regul> solids1 cubes1 globes1 c4 made ( wood1 z play?+s = *ildr51 in/ead ( unc\? figures ( m51 wom5 & animals4 ,= tea*+ ari?metic1 half in* cubes1 :i* c be easily grasp$ by infant f+]s1 may be employ$ ) great advantage2 !y c be easily arrang$ 9 v>i\s comb9ations2 ! eye c easily take 9 a suffici5t numb] ( !m at once1 & ! m9d is ins5sibly l$ to consid] ! assemblages 9 :i* !y may be gr\p$1 n only z !y relate to numb]1 b z !y relate to quantity or %ape2 besides1 ! t]ms :i* are borr[$ f "s ( ^! %apes1 z squ>es1 cubes1 c4 w become famili>4 ,z ^! *ildr5 advance 9 ari?metic to squ>e or cube1 a numb] w be m intelligible to !m ?an to a p]son :o has be5 taught ^! words m]ely z ! =mula ( c]ta9 rules4 ,9 ari?metic1 ! fir/ lessons %\ld be %ort & simple2 two cubes plac$ above ea* o!r1 w soon be call$ two2 if plac$ 9 any o!r situations ne> ea* o!r1 !y w /ill be call$ two2 b x is advantage\s to accu/om our little pupils to place ! cubes ) :i* !y are taught 9 succession1 ei!r by plac+ !m ^u "o ano!r1 or lay+ 9 columns ^u a table1 beg9n+ to c\nt f ! cube next to !m1 z we ca/ up 9 addition4 ,= ?is purpose1 a bo>d ab\t six in*es long1 & five broad1 divid$ into columns p]p5dicul>ly by slips ( wood ?ree eigh?s ( an in* wide1 & "o eigh? ( an in* ?ick1 w be f\nd useful2 & if a few cubes ( col\rs diff]5t f ^? already m5tion$1 ) numb]s on _! six sides1 are procur$1 !y may be ( great s]vice4 ,our cubes %\ld be plac$1 f "t to "t1 9 a diff]5t ord]1 or promiscu\sly2 b :5 any ari?metical op]ations are to be p]=m$ ) !m1 x is be/ to pres]ve ! e/abli%$ arrangem5t4 ,"o cube & "o o!r1 are call$ two4 ,two :at8 ,two cubes4 ,"o glass1 & "o glass1 are call$ two glasses4 ,"o rais91 & "o rais91 are call$ two rais9s1 c4 ,"o cube1 & "o glass1 are call$ :at8 ,two ?+s or two4 ,by a process ( ?is sort1 ! mean+ ( ! ab/ract t]m two may be taught4 ,a *ild w p]ceive ! ^w two1 means ! same z ! words "o & "o2 & :5 we say "o & "o are call$ two1 unless he is prejudic$ by some?+ else t is said to him1 he w und]/& no?+ m ?an t !re are two names = ! same ?+4 ,"o1 & "o1 & "o1 are call$ ?ree1 is ! same z say+ t ?ree is ! "n = "o1 & "o1 & "o4 ,two & "o are ?ree1 is also ! same z say+ t ?ree is ! "n ( two & "o4 ,?ree is also ! "n ( "o & two2 ! ^w ?ree has1 !re=e1 ?ree mean+s2 x means "o1 & "o1 & "o2 also1 two & "o2 also1 "o & two4 ,he w see t any two ( ! cubes may be put toge!r1 z x 71 9 "o p>cel1 & t ?is p>cel may be call$ two2 & he w also see t ?is p>cel1 :5 jo9$ to ano!r s+le cube1 w make ?ree1 & t ! sum w be ! same1 :e!r ! s+le cube1 or ! two cubes1 be nam$ fir/4 ,9 a simil> mann]1 ! comb9ations :i* =m f\r1 may be consid]$4 ,"o1 & "o1 & "o1 & "o1 are f\r4 ,"o & ?ree are f\r4 ,two & two are f\r4 ,?ree & "o are f\r4 ,all ^! ass]tions mean ! same ?+1 & ! t]m f\r is equally applicable to ea* ( !m2 :51 !re=e1 we say t two & two are f\r1 ! *ild may be easily l$ to p]ceive1 & inde$ to see1 t x means ! same ?+ z say+ "o two1 & "o two1 :i* is ! same ?+ z say+ two two's1 or say+ ! ^w two two times4 ,our pupil %\ld be suff]$ to re/ "h1 & we %\ld n1 at pres5t1 attempt to lead him fur!r t[>ds t comp5di\s me?od ( addition :i* we call multiplication2 b ! f\ndation is laid by giv+ him ?is view ( ! relation betwe5 two & two 9 =m+ f\r4 ,!re is an enum]ation 9 ! note#af ( ! diff]5t comb9ations :i* compose ! re/ ( ! ,arabic notation1 :i* consi/s only ( n9e *>act]s4 ,be=e we proce$ to ! numb] t51 or to ! new s]ies ( num]ation :i* succe$s to x1 we %\ld make our pupils p]fectly ma/]s ( ! comb9ations :i* we h m5tion$1 bo? 9 ! direct ord] 9 :i* !y are arrang$1 & 9 v>i\s modes ( succession2 by ^! means1 n only ! addition1 b ! subtraction1 ( numb]s z f> z n9e1 w be p]fectly famili> to !m4 ,x has be5 obs]v$ be=e1 t c\nt+ by realities1 & by signs1 %\ld be taught at ! same "t1 s t ! e>1 ! eye1 & ! m9d1 %\ld keep pace ) "o ano!r2 & t te*nical habits %\ld be acquir$ )\t injury to ! und]/&+4 ,if a *ild beg9s betwe5 f\r & five ye>s ( age1 he may be all[$ half a ye> = ?is ess5tial1 prelim9>y /ep 9 ari?metic2 f\r or five m9utes application e day1 w be suffici5t to tea* him n only ! relations ( ! fir/ decade 9 num]ation1 b also h[ to write figures ) accuracy & exp$ition4 ,! next /ep1 is1 by f> ! mo/ difficult 9 ! sci5ce ( ari?metic2 9 treatises ^u ! subject1 x is concisely pass$ ov] "u ! title ( ,num]ation2 b x requires no small degree ( c>e to make x intelligible to *ildr51 & we !re=e recomm5d1 t1 besides direct in/ruction ^u ! subject1 ! *ild %\ld be l$1 by degrees1 to und]/& ! nature ( classification 9 g5]al4 ,botany & natural hi/ory1 ?\gh !y are n pursu$ z sci5ces1 are1 not)/&+1 ! daily occupation & amusem5t ( *ildr51 & !y supply con/ant examples ( classification4 ,9 conv]sation1 ^! may be famili>ly po9t$ out2 a grove1 a flock1 c4 are con/antly be=e ! eyes ( our pupil1 & he compreh5ds z well z we d :at is meant by two groves1 two flocks1 c4 ,! trees t =m ! grove are ea* ( !m individuals2 b let _! numb]s be :at !y may :5 !y are consid]$ z a grove1 ! grove is b "o1 & may be ?\ght ( & spok5 ( di/9ctly1 )\t any relation to ! numb] ( s+le trees :i* x conta9s4 ,f ^!1 & simil> obs]vations1 a *ild may be l$ to consid] t5 z ! "n = a :ole1 an integ]2 a "o1 :i* may be repres5t$ by ! figure 7#a73 ?is same figure may also /& = a hundr$1 or a ?\s&1 z he w readily p]ceive h]eaft]4 ,inde$1 ! t]m "o hundr$ w become famili> to him 9 conv]sation long be=e he compreh5ds t ! ^w t5 is us$ z an aggregate t]m1 l a doz51 or a ?\s&4 ,we d n use ! ^w t5 z ! ,fr5* d une diza9e2 t5 does n1 !re=e1 pres5t ! idea ( an integ] till we le>n ari?metic4 ,?is is a defect 9 our language1 :i* has aris5 f ! use ( duodecimal num]ation2 ! analogies exi/+ betwe5 ! names ( o!r numb]s 9 progression1 is brok5 by ! t]ms elev5 & twelve4 ,?irte51 f\rte51 c4 are s obvi\sly comp\nd$ ( ?ree & t51 & f\r & t51 z to /rike ! e>s ( *ildr5 imm$iately1 & :5 !y advance z f> z tw5ty1 !y readily p]ceive t a new s]ies ( units beg9s1 & proce$s to ?irty1 & t ?irty1 =ty1 c4 mean ?ree t5s1 f\r t5s1 c4 ,9 po9t+ out ^! analogies to *ildr51 !y become int]e/$ & att5tive1 !y %[ t species ( pleasure :i* arises f ! p]ception ( aptitude1 or ( tru?4 ,x c sc>cely be d5i$ t su* a pleasure exi/s indep5d5tly ( e view ( utility & fame2 & :5 we c once excite ?is feel+ 9 ! m9ds ( our "y pupils at any p]iod ( _! education1 we may be c]ta9 ( success4 ,z soon z di/9ct notions h be5 acquir$ ( ! mann] 9 :i* a collection ( t5 units becomes a new unit ( a high] ord]1 our pupil may be l$ to obs]ve ! utility ( ?is inv5tion by v>i\s examples1 be=e he applies x to ! rules ( ari?metic4 ,let him c\nt z f> z t5 ) black pebbles1#ag = in/ance2 let him lay aside a :ite pebble to repres5t ! collection ( t52 he may c\nt ano!r s]ies ( t5 black pebbles1 & lay aside ano!r :ite "o2 & s on1 till he has collect$ t5 :ite pebbles3 z ea* ( ! t5 :ite pebbles repres5ts t5 black pebbles1 he w h c\nt$ "o hundr$2 & ! t5 :ite pebbles may n[ be repres5t$ by a s+le r$ "o1 :i* w /& = "o hundr$4 ,?is l>ge numb]1 :i* x takes up s mu* "t to c\nt1 & :i* c\ld n be compreh5d$ at "o view1 is repres5t$ by a s+le sign4 ,"h ! diff]5ce ( col\r =ms ! di/9ction3 diff]5ce 9 %ape1 or size1 w\ld answ] ! same purpose1 z 9 ! ,roman notation ,x = t51 ,l = fifty1 ,c = "o hundr$1 c4 ,all ?is is fully )9 ! compreh5sion ( a *ild ( six ye>s old1 & w lead him to ! value ( writt5 figures by ! place :i* !y hold :5 comp>$ ) "o ano!r4 ,inde$ he may be l$ to inv5t ?is arrangem5t1 a circum/ance :i* w\ld enc\rage him 9 e "p ( 8 education4 ,:5 once he cle>ly compreh5ds t ! ?ird place1 c\nt+ f ! "r1 conta9s only figures :i* repres5t hundr$s1 c4 he w h conqu]$ "o ( ! greate/ difficulties ( ari?metic4 ,if a pap] rul$ ) sev]al p]p5dicul> l9es1 a qu>t] ( an in* asund]1 be %[n to him1 he w see t ! spaces or columns betwe5 ^! l9es w\ld di/+ui% ! value ( figures writt5 9 !m1 )\t ! use ( ! sign 7#j7 & he w see t 7#j7 or z]o1 s]ves only to m>k ! place or situation ( ! neighb\r+ figures4 ,an idea ( decimal ari?metic1 b )\t detail1 may n[ be giv5 to him1 z x w n appe> extraord9>y to him t a unit %\ld repres5t t5 by hav+ its place1 or column *ang$2 & no?+ m is necess>y 9 decimal ari?metic1 ?an to consid] t figure :i* repres5t$1 at "o "t1 an integ]1 or :ole1 z repres5t+ at ano!r "t ! numb] ( t5? p>ts into :i* t :ole may h be5 brok54 ,our pupil may next be taught :at is call$ num]ation1 :i* he _c fail to und]/&1 & 9 :i* he %\ld be frequ5tly ex]cis$4 ,common addition w be easily und]/ood by a *ild :o di/9ctly p]ceives t ! p]p5dicul> columns1 or places 9 :i* figures are writt51 may di/+ui% _! value "u v>i\s diff]5t d5om9ations1 z gallons1 furlongs1 %ill+s1 c4 ,we %\ld n tease *ildr5 ) long sums 9 avoirdupois weight1 or load _! frail memories ) tables ( long-measure1 & dry-measure1 & ale-measure 9 ! c\ntry1 & ale-measure 9 ,london2 only let !m ca/ up a few sums 9 diff]5t d5om9ations1 ) ! tables be=e !m1 & let ! practice ( addition be pres]v$ 9 _! m9ds by %ort sums e day1 & :5 !y are betwe5 six & sev5 ye>s old1 !y w be suffici5tly ma/]s ( ! fir/ & mo/ useful rule ( ari?metic4 ,to *ildr5 :o h be5 tra9$ 9 ?is mann]1 subtraction w be q easy2 c>e1 h[ev]1 %\ld be tak5 to give !m a cle> notion ( ! my/]y ( borr[+ & pay+1 :i* is inculcat$ 9 tea*+ subtraction4 ,f #id ,subtract #df ,six f f\r ,i c't1 b six f t51 & f\r rema9s2 f\r & f\r is eight4 ,& !n1 ,"o t ,i borr[$ & f\r are five1 five f n9e1 & f\r rema9s4 ,?is is ! =mula2 b is x ev] expla9$--or c x be8 ,c]ta9ly n )\t "s alt]ation4 ,a *ild sees t six _c be subtract$ 7tak57 f f\r3 m especially a *ild :o is famili>ly acqua9t$ ) ! compon5t p>ts ( ! names six & f\r3 he sees t ! sum #df is less ?an ! sum #id1 & he kn[s t ! less] sum may be subtract$ f ! great]2 b he does n p]ceive ! means ( sep>at+ !m figure by figure4 ,tell him1 t ?\gh six _c be d$uct$ f f\r1 yet x c f f\rte51 & t if "o ( ! t5s :i* are conta9$ 9 ! 7#i7 n9ety 9 ! upp]mo/ r[ ( ! second column1 be suppos$ to be tak5 away1 or borr[$1 f ! n9ety1 & add$ to ! f\r1 ! n9e w be r$uc$ to #h 7eighty71 & ! f\r w become f\rte54 ,our pupil w compreh5d ?is mo/ readily2 he w see t #f1 :i* c\ld n be subtract$ f #d1 may be subtract$ f f\rte51 & he w rememb] t ! #i 9 ! next column is to be consid]$ z only 7#h74 ,to avoid confusion1 he may draw a /roke across ! 7#i7 & write #h ov]#ah x #h ov] 7#i7 & proce$ to ! rema9d] ( ! op]ation4 ,?is me?od = beg9n]s is c]ta9ly v di/9ct1 & may = "s "t1 be employ$ ) advantage2 & aft] its rationale has become famili>1 we may expla9 ! common me?od :i* dep5ds ^u ?is consid]ation4 ,if "o numb] is to be d$uct$ f ano!r1 ! rema9d] w be ! same1 :e!r we add any giv5 numb] to ! small] numb]1 or take away ! same giv5 numb] f ! l>g]4 ,= in/ance3 ,let ! l>g] numb] be #i ,& ! small] #d ,if y d$uct #c f ! l>g] x w be #f ,f ?is subtract ! small] #d -- ,! rema9d] w be #b -- ,or if y add #c to ! small] numb]1 x w be #g -- ,subtract ?is f ! l>g] numb] #i #g -- ,! rema9d] w be #b ,n[ 9 ! common me?od ( subtraction1 ! "o :i* is borr[$ is tak5 f ! upp]mo/ figure 9 ! adjo9+ column1 & in/ead ( alt]+ t figure to "o less1 we add "o to ! l[e/ figure1 :i*1 z we h j %[n1 w h ! same effect4 ,! t]ms1 h[ev]1 t are commonly us$ 9 p]=m+ ?is op]ation1 are improp]4 ,to say "o t ,i borr[$1 & f\r 7mean+ ! l[e/ figure 9 ! adjo9+ column7 implies ! idea t :at 0 borr[$ is n[ to be repaid to t l[e/ figure1 :i* is n ! fact4 ,z to multiplication1 we h little to say4 ,our pupil %\ld be furni%$1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 ) a table conta9+ ! addition ( ! diff]5t units1 :i* =m ! diff]5t products ( ! multiplication table3 ^! he %\ld1 f "t to "t1 add up z an ex]cise 9 addition2 & x %\ld be frequ5tly po9t$ out to him1 t add+ ^! figures s _m times ov]1 is ! same z multiply+ !m by ! numb] ( times t !y are add$2 z ?ree times #c means #c add$ ?ree times4 ,"h "o ( ! figures repres5ts a quantity1 ! o!r does n repres5t a quantity1 x d5otes no?+ b ! times1 or frequ5cy ( repetition4 ,"y p1 z !y advance1 are apt to conf\nd ^! signs1 & to imag9e1 = in/ance1 9 ! rule ( ?ree1 c4 t ! sums :i* !y multiply toge!r1 mean quantities2 t #dj y>ds ( l95 may be multipli$ by ?ree & six-p5ce1 c4--an idea f :i* ! mis/atem5ts 9 sums t are intricate1 frequ5tly arise4 ,we h he>d t ! multiplication table has be5 set1 l ! ,*apt] ( ,k+s1 to a *e]ful tune4 ,?is is a species ( te*nical memory :i* we h long practis$1 & :i* c d no h>m to ! und]/&+2 x prev5ts ! m9d f no b5eficial ex]tion1 & may save mu* irksome lab\r4 ,x is c]ta9ly to be wi%$1 t our pupil %\ld be exp]t 9 ! multiplication table2 if ! cubes :i* we h =m]ly m5tion$1 be employ$ = ?is purpose1 ! notion ( squ>+ figures w be introduc$ at ! same "t t ! multiplication table is committ$ to memory4 ,9 division1 :at is call$ ! ,italian me?od ( arrang+ ! divisor & quoti5t1 appe>s to be pref]able to ! common "o1 z x places !m 9 su* a mann] z to be easily multipli$ by ea* o!r1 & z x agrees ) algebraic notation4 ,! usual me?od is ?is3 ,divisor #ga7hcdfg7aage ,italian me?od3 ,divid5d #hcdfg #ga ---- #aage ,! rule ( ?ree is commonly taught 9 a mann] m]ely te*nical3 t x may be le>n$ 9 ?is mann]1 s z to answ] ! common purposes ( life1 !re c be no d\bt2 & no?+ is fur!r f our design1 ?an to depreciate any mode ( in/ruction :i* has be5 sanction$ by exp]i5ce3 b our purpose is to po9t out me?ods ( convey+ in/ruction t %all improve ! reason+ faculty1 & habituate our pupil to ?9k ^u e subject4 ,we wi%1 !re=e1 to po9t out ! c\rse :i* ! m9d w\ld foll[ to solve problems relative to proportion )\t ! rule1 & to turn our pupil's att5tion to ! circum/ances 9 :i* ! rule assi/s u4 ,! calculation ( ! price ( any commodity1 or ! measure ( any quantity1 :]e ! fir/ t]m is "o1 may be always /at$ z a sum 9 ! rule ( ?ree2 b z ?is /atem5t ret>ds1 in/ead ( exp$it+ ! op]ation1 x is nev] practis$4 ,if "o y>d co/s a %ill+1 h[ mu* w ?ree y>ds co/8 ,! m9d imm$iately p]ceives1 t ! price add$ ?ree times toge!r1 or multipli$ by ?ree1 gives ! answ]4 ,if a c]ta9 numb] ( apples are to be equally di/ribut$ among/ a c]ta9 numb] ( boys1 if ! %>e ( "o is "o apple1 ! %>e ( t5 or tw5ty is pla9ly equal to t5 or tw5ty4 ,b if we /ate t ! %>e ( ?ree boys is twelve apples1 & ask :at numb] w be suffici5t = n9e boys1 ! answ] is n obvi\s2 x requires consid]ation4 ,ask our pupil :at made x s easy to answ] ! la/ "q1 he w readily say1 ,because ,i knew :at 0 ! %>e ( "o4 ,!n y c\ld answ] ?is new "q if y knew ! %>e ( "o boy8 ,yes4 ,_c y f9d out :at ! %>e ( "o boy is :5 ! %>e ( ?ree boys is twelve8 ,f\r4 ,:at numb] ( apples !n w be en\gh1 at ! same rate1 = n9e boys8 ,n9e times f\r1 t is ?irty-six4 ,9 ?is process he does no?+ m ?an divide ! second numb] by ! fir/1 & multiply ! quoti5t by ! ?ird2 #ab divid$ by #c is #d1 :i* multipli$ by #i is #cf4 ,& ?is is1 9 tru?1 ! f\ndation ( ! rule2 = ?\gh ! gold5 rule facilitates calculation1 & contributes admirably to our conv5i5ce1 x is n absolutely necess>y to ! solution ( que/ions relat+ to proportion4 ,aga91 ,if ! %>e ( ?ree boys is five apples1 h[ _m w be suffici5t = n9e8 ,our pupil w attempt to proce$ z 9 ! =m] "q1 & w beg9 by endeav\r+ to f9d out ! %>e ( "o ( ! ?ree boys2 b ?is is n q s easy2 he w see t ea* is to h "o apple1 & "p ( ano!r2 b x w co/ him "s pa9s to det]m9e exactly h[ mu*4 ,:5 at l5g? he f9ds t "o & two-?irds is ! %>e ( "o boy1 be=e he c answ] ! "q1 he mu/ multiply "o & two-?irds by n9e1 :i* is an op]ation 9 fractions1 a rule ( :i* he at pres5t kn[s no?+4 ,b if he beg9s by multiply+ ! second1 in/ead ( divid+ x previ\sly by ! fir/ numb]1 he w avoid ! emb>rassm5t occasion$ by fractional p>ts1 & w easily solve ! "q4 #c 3 #e 3 #i 3 #ae ,multiply #e by #i -- x makes #de :i* product #de1 divid$ by #c1 gives #ae4 ,"h our pupil p]ceives1 t if a giv5 numb]1 #ab1 = in/ance1 is to be divid$ by "o numb]1 & multipli$ by ano!r1 x w come to ! same ?+1 :e!r he beg9s by divid+ ! giv5 numb]1 or by multiply+ x4 #ab divid$ by #d is #c1 :i* multipli$ by #f is #ah2 ,& #ab multipli$ by #f is #gb1 :i* divid$ by #d is #ah4 ,we recomm5d x to preceptors n to fatigue ! memories ( _! "y pupils ) sums :i* are difficult only f ! numb] ( figures :i* !y require1 b r to give examples 9 practice1 :]e aliquot p>ts are to be consid]$1 & :]e _! +5uity may be employ$ )\t exhau/+ _! pati5ce4 ,a v>iety ( ari?metical que/ions occur 9 common conv]sation1 & f common incid5ts2 ^! %\ld be made a subject ( inquiry1 & our pupils1 among/ o!rs1 %\ld try _! skill3 9 %ort1 :atev] c be taught 9 conv]sation1 is cle> ga9 9 in/ruction4 ,we %\ld obs]ve1 t e explanation ^u ^! subjects %\ld be recurr$ to f "t to "t1 p]haps e two or ?ree mon?s2 z !re are no circum/ances 9 ! bus9ess ( e day1 :i* recall ab/ract speculations to ! m9ds ( *ildr52 & ! pupil :o und]/&s !m to-day1 may1 )\t any defici5cy ( memory1 =get !m entirely 9 a few weeks4 ,inde$1 ! p]ception ( ! *a9 ( reason+1 :i* connects demon/ration1 is :at makes x truly advantage\s 9 education4 ,:oev] has occasion1 9 ! bus9ess ( life1 to make use ( ! rule ( ?ree1 may le>n x effectually 9 a mon? z well z 9 t5 ye>s2 b ! habit ( reason+ _c be acquir$ late 9 life )\t unusual lab\r1 & uncommon =titude4 ,,footnotes3 #ae ,v4 ,a /range in/ance quot$ by ,mr4 ,/ew>t1 ,on ! ,human ,m9d1 page #aeb4 #af ,,note4 #a ,two is #a ! - "n = #b #a #a #a #a #b - - #c #c #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #a #b #c #b - - - - #d #d #d #d #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #c #a #b #c #d #b #b - - - - - - #e #e #e #e #e #e #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #b #c #d #b #c #a #b #c #d #e #b #b #b #b #c #c - - - - - - - - - - - #f #f #f #f #f #f #f #f #f #f #f #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #a #a #b #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #b #c #d #e #b #c #d #a #b #c #d #e #f #b #b #b #b #b #c #c #c - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #g #g #g #g #g #g #g #g #g #g #g #g #g #g #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #b #a #b #a #b #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #b #b #b #b #c #c #d #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #b #b #b #c #c #c #c #c - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #h #h #h #h #h #h #h #h #h #h #h #h #h #h #h #a #a #b #a #a #e #b #b #c #d #b #b #c #d #d #d #d #e #f - - - - - - - #h #h #h #h #h #h #h #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #a #a #b #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #b #a #b #b #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #b #b #b #b #b #c #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #b #b #b #c #c #c #c - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #a #a #a #a #a #a #b #c #a #b #a #a #b #a #a #b #a #c #c #d #d #e #f #b #b #d #e #b #b #b #b #c #c #c #c #c #c #d #d #d #d #e #e #f #g - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #i #ag ,! ^w calculate is d]iv$ f ! ,lat9 calculus1 a pebble4 #ah ,?is me?od is recomm5d$ 9 ! ,c\rs de ,ma?1 p> ,camus1 p4 #ch4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,geometry4 ,!re is c]ta9ly no royal road to geometry1 b ! way may be r5d]$ easy & pleasant by timely prep>ations = ! j\rney4 ,)\t any previ\s k ( ! c\ntry1 or ( its peculi> language1 h[ c we expect t our "y travell] %\ld advance ) facility or pleasure8 ,we are anxi\s t our pupil %\ld acquire a ta/e = accurate reason+1 & we resort to ,geometry1 z ! mo/ p]fect1 & ! pure/ s]ies ( ratioc9ation :i* has be5 inv5t$4 ,let u1 !n1 s$ul\sly avoid :atev] may disgu/ him2 let 8 fir/ /eps be easy1 & successful2 let !m be frequ5tly repeat$ until he c trace !m )\t a guide4 ,we h recomm5d$ 9 ! *apt] ^u ,toys1 t *ildr5 %\ld1 f _! e>lie/ ye>s1 be accu/om$ to ! %ape ( :at are commonly call$ regul> solids2 !y %\ld also be accu/om$ to ! figures 9 ma!matical diagrams4 ,to ^! %\ld be add$ _! respective names1 & ! :ole language ( ! sci5ce %\ld be r5d]$ z famili> z possible4 ,mr4 ,donne1 an +5i\s ma!matician ( ,bri/ol1 has publi%$ a prospectus ( an ,essay on ,me*anical ,geometry3 he has execut$1 & employ$ ) success1 models 9 wood & metal = demon/rat+ propositions 9 geometry 9 a palpable mann]4 ,we h endeav\r$1 9 va91 to procure a set ( ^! models = our own pupils1 b we h no d\bt ( _! entire utility4 ,:at has be5 acquir$ 9 *ildhood1 %\ld n be suff]$ to escape ! memory4 ,dionysius#ai _h ma!matical diagrams describ$ ^u ! floors ( 8 ap>tm5ts1 & ?us recall$ _! demon/rations to 8 memory4 ,! slighte/ addition t c be conceiv$1 if x be cont9u$ daily1 w imp]ceptibly1 n only pres]ve :at has be5 already acquir$1 b w1 9 a few ye>s1 am\nt to z l>ge a /ock ( ma!matical k z we c\ld wi%4 ,x is n our object to make ma!maticians1 b to make x easy to our pupil to become a ma!matician1 if 8 int]e/1 or 8 ambition1 make x desirable2 &1 above all1 to habituate him to cle> reason+1 & close att5tion4 ,& we may "h rem>k1 t an e>ly acqua9tance ) ! accuracy ( ma!matical demon/ration1 does n1 )9 our exp]i5ce1 contract ! p[]s ( ! imag9ation4 ,on ! contr>y1 we ?9k t a "y lady ( twelve ye>s old1 :o is n[ no m1 & :o _h an uncommon prop5sity to ma!matical reason+1 _h an imag9ation rem>kably vivid & inv5tive4#bj ,we h accu/om$ our pupils to =m 9 _! m9ds ! conception ( figures g5]at$ f po9ts & l9es1 & surfaces suppos$ to move 9 diff]5t directions1 & ) diff]5t velocities4 ,x may be ?\ght1 t ?is w\ld be a difficult occupation = "y m9ds2 b1 ^u trial1 x w be f\nd n only easy to !m1 b ent]ta9+4 ,9 _! subsequ5t /udies1 x w be ( mat]ial advantage2 x w facilitate _! progress n only 9 pure ma!matics1 b 9 me*anics & a/ronomy1 & 9 e op]ation ( ! m9d :i* requires exact reflection4 ,to dem& /eady ?\ght f a p]son :o has n be5 tra9$ to x1 is "o ( ! mo/ unpr(itable & dang]\s requisitions t c be made 9 education4 ,full 9 ! mid/ ( ,euclid dip at once1 ,& petrify a g5ius to a dunce4 ,9 ! usual comm5cem5t ( ma!matical /udies1 ! le>n] is requir$ to admit t a po9t1 ( :i* he sees ! prototype1 a dot be=e him1 has nei!r l5g?1 bread?1 nor ?ickness4 ,?is1 surely1 is a degree ( fai? n absolutely necess>y = ! neophyte 9 sci5ce4 ,x is an absurdity :i* has1 ) mu* success1 be5 attack$ 9 ,obs]vations on ! ,nature ( ,demon/rative ,evid5ce1 by ,doctor ,b$does4 ,we agree ) ! doctor z to ! impropriety ( call+ a visible dot1 a po9t )\t dim5sions4 ,b1 not)/&+ ! high respect :i* ! au?or comm&s by a /eady pursuit ( tru? on all subjects ( human k1 we _c avoid prote/+ aga9/ "p ( ! doctr9e :i* he has endeav\r$ to inculcate4 ,t ! names po9t1 radius1 c4 are d]iv$ f s5sible objects1 ne$ n be disput$2 b surely ! ^w c5tre c be und]/ood by ! human m9d )\t ! pres5ce ( any visible or tangible sub/ance4 ,:]e two l9es meet1 _! junction _c h dim5sions2 :]e two radii ( a circle meet1 !y con/itute ! c5tre1 & ! "n c5tre may be us$ = ev] )\t any relation to a tangible or visible po9t4 ,! ^w b\nd>y1 9 l mann]1 means ! extreme limit we call a l9e2 b to ass]t t x has ?ickness1 w\ld1 f ! v t]ms :i* are us$ to describe x1 be a direct contradiction4 ,bi%op ,b]kely1 ,mr4 ,walton1 ,phila!tes ,cantabrigi5sis1 & ,mr4 ,b5jam9 ,rob9s1 publi%$ sev]al pamphlets ^u ?is subject ab\t half a c5tury ago4 ,no man _h a m p5etrat+ m9d ?an ,b]kely2 b we appreh5d t ,mr4 ,rob9s clos$ ! dispute aga9/ him4 ,?is is n meant z an appeal to au?ority1 b to apprize su* ( our read]s z wi% to consid] ! argum5t1 :]e !y may meet an accurate inve/igation ( ! subject4 ,x is suffici5t = our purpose1 to w>n preceptors n to insi/ ^u _! pupils' acquiesc5ce 9 ! dogma1 t a po9t1 repres5t$ by a dot1 is )\t dim5sions2 & at ! same "t to pr(ess1 t we und]/& di/9ctly :at is meant by ma!maticians :5 !y speak ( l5g? )\t bread?1 & ( a sup]fices )\t dep?2 expressions :i*1 to our m9ds1 convey a mean+ z di/9ct z ! "n ( any visible or tangible sub/ance 9 nature1 ^: v>ieties f %ade1 di/ance1 col\r1 smoo?ness1 heat1 c4 are inf9ite1 & n to be compreh5d$ 9 any def9ition4 ,9 fact1 ?is is a dispute m]ely ab\t words1 & z ! ext5sion ( ! art ( pr9t+ puts x 9 ! p[] ( e man to propose & to def5d 8 op9ions at l5g?1 & at leisure1 ! be/ fri5ds may support diff]5t sides ( a "q ) mutual reg>d1 & ! mo/ viol5t enemies ) civility & decorum4 ,c we believe t ,ty*o ,brahe lo/ half 8 nose 9 a dispute ) a ,dani% nobleman ab\t a ma!matical demon/ration8 ,,footnotes3 #ai ,plut>*4--,life ( ,dion4 #bj ,v4 ,rivuletta1 a little /ory writt5 entirely by h] 9 #aghf4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,on ,,me*anics4 ,p>5ts are anxi\s t *ildr5 %\ld be conv]sant ) ,me*anics1 & ) :at are call$ ! ,me*anic ,p[]s4 ,c]ta9ly no species ( k is bett] suit$ to ! ta/e & capacity ( y\?1 & yet x seldom =ms a "p ( e>ly in/ruction4 ,e body talks ( ! lev]1 ! w$ge1 & ! pulley1 b mo/ p p]ceive1 t ! notions :i* !y h ( _! respective uses1 are unsatisfactory1 & indi/9ct2 & _m endeav\r1 at a late p]iod ( life1 to acquire a sci5tific & exact k ( ! effects t are produc$ by implem5ts :i* are 9 e body's h&s1 or t are absolutely necess>y 9 ! daily occupations ( mank9d4 ,an it9]ant lectur] seldom fails ( hav+ a num]\s & att5tive auditory2 & if he does n communicate mu* ( t k :i* he endeav\rs to expla91 x is n to be attribut$ ei!r to 8 want ( skill1 or to ! insuffici5cy ( 8 app>atus1 b to ! novelty ( ! t]ms :i* he is oblig$ to use4 ,ignorance ( ! language 9 :i* any sci5ce is taught1 is an insup]able b> to its be+ sudd5ly acquir$2 besides a precise k ( ! mean+ ( t]ms1 we mu/ h an in/antane\s idea excit$ 9 our m9ds :5ev] !y are repeat$2 &1 z ?is c be acquir$ only by practice1 x is impossible t philosophical lectures c be ( mu* s]vice to ^? :o are n famili>ly acqua9t$ ) ! te*nical language 9 :i* !y are deliv]$2 & yet !re is sc>cely any subject ( human inquiry m obvi\s to ! und]/&+1 ?an ! laws ( me*anics4 ,only a small portion ( geometry is necess>y to ! le>n]1 if he ev5 wi%es to become ma/] ( ! m difficult problems :i* are usually conta9$ 9 a c\rse ( lectures1 & mo/ ( :at is practically useful1 may be acquir$ by any p]son :o is exp]t 9 common ari?metic4 ,b we _c proce$ a s+le /ep )\t deviat+ f common language2 if ! !ory ( ! balance1 or ! lev]1 is to be expla9$1 we imm$iately speak ( space & "t4 ,to p]sons n v]s$ 9 lit]ature1 x is probable t ^! t]ms appe> m simple & un9telligible ?an !y d to a man :o has read ,locke1 & o!r metaphysical writ]s4 ,! t]m space to ! bulk ( mank9d1 conveys ! idea ( an int]val2 !y consid] ! ^w "t z repres5t+ a def9ite numb] ( ye>s1 days1 or m9utes2 b ! metaphysician1 :5 he he>s ! words space & "t1 imm$iately takes ! al>m1 & recurs to ! ab/ract notions :i* are associat$ ) ^! t]ms2 he p]ceives difficulties unkn[n to ! unle>n$1 & feels a confusion ( ideas :i* di/racts 8 att5tion4 ,! lectur] proce$s ) confid5ce1 nev] suppos+ t 8 audi5ce c be puzzl$ by su* common t]ms4 ,he means by space1 ! di/ance f ! place :5ce a body beg9s to fall1 to ! place :]e its motion ceases2 & by "t1 he means ! numb] ( seconds1 or ( any det]m9ate divisions ( civil "t :i* elapse f ! comm5cem5t ( any motion to its end2 or1 9 o!r words1 ! duration ( any giv5 motion4 ,aft] ?is has be5 frequ5tly repeat$1 any intellig5t p]son p]ceives ! s5se 9 :i* !y are us$ by ! t5\r ( ! disc\rse2 b 9 ! int]im1 ! greate/ "p ( :at he has he>d1 _c h be5 und]/ood1 & ! premises ^u :i* e subsequ5t demon/ration is f\nd$1 are unkn[n to him4 ,if ?is be true1 :5 x is affirm$ ( two t]ms only1 :at mu/ be ! situation ( ^? to :om eight or t5 unkn[n te*nical t]ms occur at ! comm5cem5t ( a lecture8 ,a complete k1 su* a k z is n only full1 b famili>1 ( all ! common t]ms made use ( 9 !oretic & practical me*anics1 is1 !re=e1 absolutely necess>y be=e any p]son c att5d public lectures 9 natural philosophy ) advantage4 ,:at has be5 said ( public lectures1 may1 ) equal propriety1 be appli$ to private in/ruction2 & x is probable1 t inatt5tion to ?is circum/ance is ! reason :y s few p h di/9ct notions ( natural philosophy4 ,le>n+ by rote1 or ev5 read+ repeat$ly1 def9itions ( ! te*nical t]ms ( any sci5ce1 mu/ und\bt$ly facilitate its acquirem5t2 b conv]sation1 ) ! habit ( expla9+ ! mean+ ( words1 & ! /ructure ( common dome/ic implem5ts1 to *ildr51 is ! sure & effectual me?od ( prep>+ ! m9d = ! acquirem5t ( sci5ce4 ,! anci5ts1 9 le>n+ ?is species ( k1 _h an advantage ( :i* we are depriv$3 _m ( _! t]ms ( sci5ce 7 ! common names ( famili> objects4 ,h[ few d we meet :o h a di/9ct notion ( ! words radius1 angle1 or valve4 ,a ,roman peasant knew :at a radius or a valve meant1 9 _! orig9al signification1 z well z a mod]n pr(essor2 he knew t a valve 0 a door1 & a radius a spoke ( a :eel2 b an ,engli% *ild f9ds x z difficult to rememb] ! mean+ ( ! ^w angle1 z ! ^w p>abola4 ,an angle is usually conf\nd$1 by ^? :o are ignorant ( geometry & me*anics1 ) ! ^w triangle1 & ! long reason+ ( _m a labori\s in/ruct] has be5 conf\nd$ by ?is popul> mi/ake4 ,:5 a glass pump is %[n to an admir+ spectator1 he is desir$ to wat* ! motion ( ! valves3 he looks above1 ab\t1 & und]nea?2 b1 ignorant ( ! ^w valve1 he looks 9 va94 ,_h he be5 desir$ to look at ! motion ( ! little doors t op5$ & %ut1 z ! h&le ( ! pump 0 mov$ up & d[n1 he w\ld h foll[$ ! lectur] ) ease1 & w\ld h und]/ood all 8 subsequ5t reason+4 ,if a *ild attempts to pu% any ?+ heavi] ?an himself1 8 feet slide away f x1 & ! object c be mov$ only at int]vals1 & by sudd5 />ts2 b if he be desir$ to prop 8 feet aga9/ ! wall1 he f9ds x easy to pu% :at be=e elud$ 8 little /r5g?4 ,"h ! use ( a fulcrum1 or fix$ po9t1 by means ( :i* bodies may be mov$1 is di/9ctly und]/ood4 ,if two boys lay a bo>d across a n>r[ block ( wood1 or /one1 & balance ea* o!r at ! opposite ends ( x1 !y acquire ano!r idea ( a c5tre ( motion4 ,if a pok] is re/$ aga9/ a b> ( a grate1 & employ$ to lift up ! coals1 ! same notion ( a c5tre is recall$ to _! m9ds4 ,if a boy1 sitt+ ^u a plank1 a s(a1 or =m1 be lift$ up by ano!r boy's apply+ 8 /r5g? at "o end ( ! seat1 :il/ ! o!r end ( ! seat re/s on ! gr\nd1 x w be readily p]ceiv$ by !m1 t ! po9t ( re/1 or c5tre ( motion1 or fulcrum1 is ! gr\nd1 & t ! fulcrum is n1 z 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 betwe5 ! =ce t lifts1 & ! ?+ t is lift$2 ! fulcrum is at "o end1 ! =ce :i* is ex]t$ acts at ! o!r end1 & ! weight is 9 ! middle4 ,9 try+1 ^! simple exp]im5ts1 ! t]ms fulcrum1 c5tre ( motion1 c4 %\ld be con/antly employ$1 & 9 a v %ort "t !y w\ld be z famili> to a boy ( eight ye>s old z to any philosoph]4 ,if = "s ye>s ! same words frequ5tly recur to him 9 ! same s5se1 is x to be suppos$ t a lecture ^u ! balance & ! lev] w\ld be z un9telligible to him z to p]sons ( good abilities1 :o at a m advanc$ age he> ^! t]ms f ! m\? ( a lectur]8 ,a boy 9 su* circum/ances w\ld appe> z if he _h a g5ius = me*anics1 :51 p]haps1 he might h less ta/e = ! sci5ce1 & less capacity1 ?an ! g5]ality ( ! audi5ce4 ,trifl+ z x may at fir/ appe>1 x w n be f\nd a trifl+ advantage1 9 ! progress ( education1 to att5d to ?is circum/ance4 ,a di/9ct k ( a few t]ms1 assi/s a le>n] 9 8 fir/ attempts2 f9d+ ^! successful1 he advances ) confid5ce1 & acquires new ideas )\t difficulty or disgu/4 ,r\sseau1 ) 8 usual eloqu5ce1 has inculcat$ ! necessity ( annex+ ideas to words2 he declaims aga9/ ! spl5did ignorance ( m5 :o speak by rote1 & :o are ri* 9 words amid/ ! mo/ deplorable pov]ty ( ideas4 ,to /ore ! memory ( 8 pupil ) images ( ?+s1 he is will+ to neglect1 & leave to haz>d1 8 acquirem5t ( language4 ,x requires no elaborate argum5t to prove t a boy1 ^: m9d 0 /or$ ) accurate images ( ext]nal objects1 ( exp]im5tal k1 & :o _h acquir$ habitual dext]ity1 b :o 0 unacqua9t$ ) ! usual signs by :i* ideas are express$1 w\ld be incapable ( accurate reason+1 or w\ld1 at be/1 reason only ^u p>ticul>s4 ,)\t g5]al t]ms1 he c\ld n ab/ract2 he c\ld n1 until 8 vocabul>y 0 enl>g$1 & famili> to him1 reason ^u g5]al topics1 or draw conclusions f g5]al pr9ciples3 9 %ort1 he w\ld be 9 ! situation ( ^? :o1 9 ! solution ( difficult & complicat$ que/ions relative to quantity1 are oblig$ to employ t$i\s & p]plex$ calculations1 in/ead ( ! cle> & compreh5sive me?ods t unfold !mselves by ! use ( signs 9 algebra4 ,x is n necess>y1 9 tea*+ *ildr5 ! te*nical language ( any art or sci5ce1 t we %\ld pursue ! same ord] t is requisite 9 tea*+ ! sci5ce itself4 ,ord] is requir$ 9 reason+1 because all reason+ is employ$ 9 d$uc+ propositions f "o ano!r 9 a regul> s]ies2 b :]e t]ms are employ$ m]ely z names1 ?is ord] may be disp5s$ )4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 ( great consequ5ce to seize ! prop] "t = introduc+ a new t]m2 a mom5t :5 att5tion is awake1 & :5 accid5t has produc$ "s p>ticul> int]e/ 9 ! object4 ,9 e family1 opportunities ( ?is sort occur )\t any prep>ation1 & su* opportunities are f> pref]able to a =mal lecture & a spl5did app>atus = ! fir/ lessons 9 natural philosophy & *emi/ry4 ,if ! pump belong+ to ! h\se is out ( ord]1 & ! pump-mak] is set to "w1 an excell5t opportunity pres5ts itself = v>iety ( in/ruction4 ,! c5tre p9 ( ! h&le is tak5 out1 & a long rod is drawn up by degrees1 at ! end ( :i* a r\nd piece ( wood is se5 p>tly cov]$ ) lea!r4 ,y\r pupil imm$iately asks ! "n ( x1 & ! pump-mak] prev5ts y\r answ]1 by in=m+ little ma/] t x is call$ a suck]4 ,y %[ x to ! *ild1 he h&les x1 feels :e!r ! lea!r is h>d or s(t1 & at l5g? discov]s t !re is a hole ?r\gh x :i* is cov]$ ) a little flap or door4 ,?is1 he le>ns f ! workm51 is call$ a clack4 ,! *ild %\ld n[ be p]mitt$ to plunge ! pi/on 7by :i* "n x %\ld n[ be call$7 into a tub ( wat]2 9 draw+ x backw>ds & =w>ds1 he w p]ceive t ! clack1 :i* %\ld n[ be call$ ! valve1 op5s & %uts z ! pi/on is drawn backw>ds & =w>ds4 ,x w be bett] n to in=m ! *ild h[ ?is me*anism is employ$ 9 ! pump4 ,if ! names suck] & pi/on1 clack & valve1 are fix$ 9 8 memory1 x w be suffici5t = 8 fir/ lesson4 ,at ano!r opportunity1 he %\ld be pres5t :5 ! fix$ or l[] valve ( ! pump is drawn up2 he w exam9e x1 & f9d t x is simil> to ! valve ( ! pi/on2 if he sees x put d[n into ! pump1 & sees ! pi/on put into its place1 & set to "w1 ! names t he has le>n$ w be fix$ m deeply 9 8 m9d1 & he w h "s g5]al notion ( ! :ole app>atus4 ,f "t to "t ^! names %\ld be recall$ to 8 memory on suitable occasions1 b he %\ld n be ask$ to repeat !m by rote4 ,:at has be5 said1 is n int5d$ z a lesson = a *ild 9 me*anics1 b z a sket* ( a me?od ( tea*+ :i* has be5 employ$ ) success4 ,:atev] repairs are c>ri$ on 9 a h\se1 *ildr5 %\ld be p]mitt$ to see3 :il/ e body ab\t !m seems int]e/$1 !y become att5tive f sympa?y2 & :5ev] action accompanies in/ruction1 x is sure to make an impression4 ,if a lock is out ( ord]1 :5 x is tak5 (f1 %[ x to y\r pupil2 po9t out "s ( its pr9cipal p>ts1 & "n !m2 !n put x into ! h&s ( a *ild1 & let him manage x z he pleases4 ,locks are full ( oil1 & black ) du/ & iron2 b if *ildr5 h be5 taught habits ( neatness1 !y may be clock-mak]s & :ite-smi?s1 )\t spoil+ _! clo!s1 or ! furniture ( a h\se4 ,^u e occasion ( ?is sort1 te*nical t]ms %\ld be made famili>2 !y are ( great use 9 ! e-day bus9ess ( life1 & are peculi>ly s]viceable 9 giv+ ord]s to workm51 :o1 :5 !y are spok5 to 9 a language t !y are us$ to1 compreh5d :at is said to !m1 & "w ) alacrity4 ,an e>ly use ( a rule & p5cil1 & easy access to pr9ts ( ma*9es1 ( ar*itecture1 & ( ! implem5ts ( trades1 are ( obvi\s use 9 ?is "p ( education4 ,! ma*9es publi%$ by ! ,society ( ,arts 9 ,london2 ! pr9ts 9 ,desaguli]s1 ,em]son1 le ,spectacle de la ,nature1 ,ma*9es appr\ves p> l',acadmie1 ,*amb]s's ,diction>y1 ,b]?\d sur l',horlog]ie1 ,dictionaire des ,arts et des ,mti]s1 may1 9 succession1 be put into ! h&s ( *ildr54 ,! mo/ simple %\ld be fir/ select$1 & ! pupils %\ld be accu/om$ to att5d m9utely to "o pr9t be=e ano!r is giv5 to !m4 ,a prop] p]son %\ld c>efully po9t out & expla9 to !m ! fir/ pr9ts t !y exam9e2 !y may aft]w>ds be left to !mselves4 ,to und]/& pr9ts ( ma*9es1 a previ\s k ( :at is meant by an elevation1 a pr(ile1 a section1 a p]spective view1 & a 7vue d'oiseau7 bird's eye view1 is necess>y4 ,to obta9 di/9ct ideas ( sections1 a few models ( common furniture1 z *e/s ( draw]s1 bell[s1 grates1 c4 may be provid$1 & may be cut asund] 9 diff]5t directions4 ,*ildr5 easily compreh5d ?is "p ( draw+1 & its uses1 :i* may be po9t$ out 9 books ( ar*itecture2 its application to ! common bus9ess ( life1 is s v>i\s & imm$iate1 z to fix x = ev] 9 ! memory2 besides1 ! habit ( ab/raction1 :i* is acquir$ by draw+ ! sections ( complicat$ ar*itecture or ma*9]y1 is highly advantage\s to ! m9d4 ,! p>ts :i* we wi% to express1 are conceal$1 & are sugge/$ p>tly by ! elevation or pr(ile ( ! figure1 & p>tly by ! connection betwe5 ! end propos$ 9 ! con/ruction ( ! build+1 ma*9e1 c4 & ! means :i* are adapt$ to effect x4 ,a k ( p]spective1 is to be acquir$ by an op]ation ( ! m9d directly opposite to :at is necess>y 9 del9eat+ ! sections ( bodies2 ! m9d mu/ "h be int5t only ^u ! objects t are del9eat$ ^u ! ret9a1 exactly :at we see2 x mu/ =get or susp5d ! k :i* x has acquir$ f exp]i5ce1 & mu/ see ) ! eye ( *ildhood1 no fur!r ?an ! surface4 ,e p]son1 :o is accu/om$ to draw+ 9 p]spective1 sees ext]nal nature1 :5 he pleases1 m]ely z a picture3 ?is habit contributes mu* to =m a ta/e = ! f9e arts2 x may1 h[ev]1 be c>ri$ to excess4 ,!re are improv]s :o pref] ! mo/ dre>y ru9 to an elegant & conv5i5t mansion1 & :o pref] a bla/$ /ump to ! glori\s foliage ( ! oak4 ,p]spective is n1 h[ev]1 recomm5d$ m]ely z a means ( improv+ ! ta/e1 b z x is useful 9 facilitat+ ! k ( me*anics4 ,:5 once *ildr5 are famili>ly acqua9t$ ) p]spective1 & ) ! repres5tations ( ma*9es by elevations1 sections1 c4 pr9ts w supply !m ) an ext5sive v>iety ( in=mation2 & :5 !y see real ma*9es1 _! /ructure & uses w be easily compreh5d$4 ,! noise1 ! seem+ confusion1 & ! size ( sev]al ma*9es1 make x difficult to compreh5d & comb9e _! v>i\s p>ts1 )\t mu* "t1 & repeat$ exam9ation2 ! r$uc$ size ( pr9ts lays ! :ole at once be=e ! eye1 & t5ds to facilitate n only compreh5sion1 b contrivance4 ,:oev] c del9eate progressively z he inv5ts1 saves mu* lab\r1 mu* "t1 & ! haz>d ( confusion4 ,v>i\s contrivances h be5 employ$ to facilitate draw+ 9 p]spective1 z may be se5 9 ,cab9et de ,s]vi]1 ,memoires ( ! ,fr5* ,academy1 ,philosophical ,transactions1 & lately 9 ! ,rep]tory ( ,arts4 ,! foll[+ is simple1 *eap1 & portable4 ,,plate #a4 ,,fig4 #a4 ,a ,b ,c1 ?ree mahogany bo>ds1 two1 f\r1 & six in*es long1 & ( ! same bread? respectively1 s z to d\ble 9 ! mann] repres5t$4 ,,plate #a4 ,,fig4 #b4 ,! "p ,a is screw$1 or clamp$ to a table ( a conv5i5t height1 & a %eet ( pap]1 "o edge ( :i* is put "u ! piece ,a1 w be held fa/ to ! table4 ,! index ,p is to be set 7at pleasure7 ) x %>p po9t to any "p ( an object :i* ! eye sees ?r\gh ,e1 ! eye-piece4 ,! ma*9e is n[ to be d\bl$ z 9 ,fig4 #b1 tak+ c>e t ! index be n di/urb$2 ! po9t1 :i* 0 be=e p]p5dicul>1 w !n approa* ! pap] horizontally1 & ! place to :i* x po9ts on ! pap]1 mu/ be m>k$ ) a p5cil4 ,! ma*9e mu/ be aga9 unfold$1 & ano!r po9t ( ! object is to be asc]ta9$ 9 ! same mann] z be=e2 ! space betwe5 ^! po9ts may be !n connect$ ) a l9e2 fre% po9ts %\ld !n be tak51 m>k$ ) a p5cil1 & connect$ ) a l9e2 & s on successively1 until ! :ole object is del9eat$4 ,besides ! common t]ms ( art1 ! te*nical t]ms ( sci5ce %\ld1 by degrees1 be r5d]$ famili> to our pupils4 ,among/ ^! ! words ,space & ,"t occur1 z we h obs]v$1 ! soone/1 & are ( ! greate/ importance4 ,)\t exact def9itions1 or ab/ract reason+s1 a g5]al notion ( ! use ( ^! t]ms may be inculcat$ by employ+ !m frequ5tly 9 conv]sation1 & by apply+ !m to ?+s & circum/ances :i* occur )\t prep>ation1 & ab\t :i* *ildr5 are int]e/$1 or occupi$4 ,!re is a great space left betwe5 ! words 9 t pr9t+4 ,! *ild und]/&s1 t space 9 ?is s5t5ce means :ite pap] betwe5 black lett]s4 ,y %\ld leave a great] space betwe5 ! fl[]s :i* y are plant+--he kn[s t y mean m gr\nd4 ,!re is a great space betwe5 t boat & ! %ip--space ( wat]4 ,i hope ! hawk w n be able to cat* t pigeon1 !re is a great space betwe5 !m--space ( air4 ,! m5 :o are pull+ t sack ( corn into ! gran>y1 h rais$ x ?r\gh half ! space betwe5 ! door & ! gr\nd4 ,a *ild _c be at any loss = ! mean+ ( ! ^w space 9 ^! or any o!r practical examples :i* may occur2 b he %\ld also be us$ to ! ^w space z a te*nical expression1 & !n he w n be confus$ or /opp$ by a new t]m :5 employ$ 9 me*anics4 ,! ^w "t may be us$ 9 ! same mann] ^u numb]less occasions to express ! duration ( any movem5t :i* is p]=m$ by ! =ce ( m51 or horses1 w9d1 wat]1 or any me*anical p[]4 ,did ! horses 9 ! mill we saw ye/]day1 g z fa/ z ! horses :i* are draw+ ! *aise8 ,no1 n z fa/ z ! horses g at pres5t on level gr\nd2 b !y w5t z fa/ z ! *aise-horses d :5 !y g up hill1 or z fa/ z horses draw a waggon4 ,h[ _m times d ! sails ( t w9d-mill g r\nd 9 a m9ute8 ,let u c\nt2 ,i w look at my wat*2 d y c\nt h[ (t5 ! sails g r\nd2 wait until t brok5 arm is upp]mo/1 & :5 y say n[1 ,i w beg9 to c\nt ! "t2 :5 a m9ute has pa/1 ,i w tell y4 ,aft] a few trials1 ?is exp]im5t w become easy to a *ild ( eight or n9e ye>s old2 he may sometimes att5d to ! wat*1 & at o!r times c\nt ! turns ( ! sails2 he may easily be made to apply ?is to a horse-mill1 or to a wat]-mill1 a corn-fan1 or any ma*9e t has a rotatory motion2 he w be ent]ta9$ ) 8 new employm5t2 he w comp>e ! velocities ( diff]5t ma*9es2 ! mean+ ( ?is ^w w be easily add$ to 8 vocabul>y4 ,does t "p ( ! arms ( ! w9d-mill :i* is ne> ! axle-tree1 or c5tre1 ,i mean t "p :i* has no clo? or sail ^u x1 g z fa/ z ! ends ( ! arms t are ! f>!/ f ! c5tre8 ,no1 n ne> s fa/4 ,b t "p goes z (t5 r\nd 9 a m9ute z ! re/ ( ! sail4 ,yes1 b x does n g z fa/4 ,h[ s8 ,x does n g s f> r\nd4 ,no1 x does n4 ,! extremities ( ! sails g ?r\gh m space 9 ! same "t ?an ! "p ne> ! c5tre4 ,by conv]sations l ^!1 ! te*nical mean+ ( ! ^w velocity may be made q famili> to a *ild mu* y\ng] ?an :at has be5 m5tion$2 he may n only compreh5d t velocity means "t & space consid]$ toge!r1 b if he is suffici5tly advanc$ 9 ari?metic1 he may be readily taught h[ to express & comp>e 9 numb]s velocities compos$ ( c]ta9 portions ( "t & space4 ,he w n inquire ab\t ! ab/ract mean+ ( ! ^w space2 he has se5 space measur$ on pap]1 on timb]1 on ! wat]1 9 ! air1 & he p]ceives di/9ctly t x is a t]m equally applicable to all di/ances t c exi/ betwe5 objects ( any sort1 or t he c see1 feel1 or imag9e4 ,mom5tum1 a less common ^w1 ! mean+ ( :i* is n q s easy to convey to a *ild1 may1 by degrees1 be expla9$ to him3 at e in/ant he feels ! effect ( mom5tum 9 8 own motions1 & 9 ! motions ( e ?+ t /rikes aga9/ him2 8 feel+s & exp]i5ce require only prop] t]ms to become ! subject ( 8 conv]sation4 ,:5 he beg9s to inquire1 x is ! prop] "t to in/ruct him4 ,= in/ance1 a boy ( t5 ye>s old1 :o _h acquir$ ! mean+ ( "s o!r t]ms 9 sci5ce1 ?is morn+ ask$ ! mean+ ( ! ^w mom5tum2 he 0 desir$ to expla9 :at he ?\ght x meant4 ,he answ]$1 ,=ce4 ,:at d y mean by =ce8 ,ef=t4 ,( :at8 ,( gravity4 ,d y mean t =ce by :i* a body is drawn d[n to ! e>?8 ,no4 ,w\ld a fea!r1 if x 7 mov+ ) ! greate/ conceivable swiftness or velocity1 ?r[ d[n a ca/le8 ,no4#ba ,w\ld a m\nta9 torn up by ! roots1 z fabl$ 9 ,milton1 if x mov$ ) ! lea/ conceivable velocity1 ?r[ d[n a ca/le8 ,yes1 ,i ?9k x w\ld4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 an uni=m1 & an uni=mly accel]at$ motion1 ! measure ( ! velocity ( fall+ bodies1 ! composition ( motions communicat$ to ! same body 9 diff]5t directions at ! same "t1 & ! cause ( ! curvil9e> track ( projectiles1 seem1 at fir/1 intricate subjects1 & above ! capacity ( boys ( t5 or twelve ye>s old2 b by %ort & well-tim$ lessons1 !y may be expla9$ )\t conf\nd+ or fatigu+ _! att5tion4 ,we tri$ ano!r exp]im5t :il/ ?is *apt] 0 writ+1 to det]m9e :e!r we _h ass]t$ too mu* ^u ?is subject4 ,aft] a conv]sation betwe5 two boys ^u ! desc5t ( bodies t[>ds ! e>?1 & ^u ! measure ( ! increas+ velocity ) :i* !y fall1 !y 7 desir$1 ) a view to asc]ta9 :e!r !y und]/ood :at 0 said1 to inv5t a ma*9e :i* %\ld %[ ! diff]5ce betwe5 an uni=m & an accel]at$ velocity1 & 9 p>ticul> to %[1 by occul> demon/ration1 t if "o body moves 9 a giv5 "t ?r\gh a giv5 space1 ) an uni=m motion1 & if ano!r body moves ?r\gh ! same space 9 ! same "t ) an uni=mly accel]at$ motion1 ! uni=m motion ( ! "o w be equal to half ! accel]at$ motion ( ! o!r4 ,! elde/ boy1 ,h----1 ?irte5 ye>s old1 inv5t$ & execut$ ! foll[+ ma*9e = ?is purpose3 ,plate ,i1 ,fig4 #c4 b is a bracket #i in*es by #e1 consi/+ ( a back & two sides ( h>d wood3 two in*es f ! back two slits are made 9 ! sides ( ! bracket half an in* deep1 & an eigh? ( an in* wide1 to receive ! two wire pivots ( a roll]2 :i* roll] is compos$ ( a cyl9d]1 ?ree in*es long & half an in* diamet]2 & a cone ?ree in*es long & "o in* diamet] 9 its l>ge/ "p or base4 ,! cyl9d] & cone are n sep>ate1 b are turn$ out ( "o piece2 a /r+ is fa/5$ to ! cone at its base a1 ) a bullet or any o!r small weight at ! o!r end ( x2 & ano!r /r+ & weight are fa/5$ to ! cyl9d] at c2 ! pivot p ( wire is b5t into ! =m ( a h&le2 if ! h&le is turn$ ei!r way1 ! /r+s w be respectively w\nd up ^u ! cone & cyl9d]2 _! l5g?s %\ld n[ be adju/$1 s t :5 ! /r+ on ! cone is w\nd up z f> z ! cone w p]mit1 ! two weights may be at an equal di/ance f ! bottom ( ! bracket1 :i* bottom we suppose to be p>allel ) ! pivots2 ! bracket %\ld n[ be fa/5$ aga9/ a wall1 at su* a height z to let ! weights lightly t\* ! floor :5 ! /r+s are unw\nd3 silk or bobb9 is a prop] k9d ( /r+ = ?is purpose1 z x is wov5 or plait$1 & !re=e is n liable to twi/4 ,:5 ! /r+s are w\nd up to _! greate/ heights1 if ! h&le be sudd5ly let g1 bo? ! weights w beg9 to fall at ! same mom5t2 b ! weight #a1 w desc5d at fir/ b sl[ly1 & w pass ?r\gh b small space comp>$ ) ! weight #b4 ,z !y desc5d fur!r1 ,no4 #b /ill cont9ues to get be=e ,no4 #a2 b aft] "s "t1 ,no4 #a beg9s to ov]take ,no4 #b1 & at la/ !y come to ! gr\nd toge!r4 ,if ?is ma*9e is requir$ to %[ exactly ! space t a fall+ body w\ld describe 9 giv5 times1 ! cone & cyl9d] mu/ h grooves cut spirally ^u _! circumf]5ce1 to direct ! /r+ ) precision4 ,to describe ^! spiral l9es1 became a new subject ( inquiry4 ,! "y me*anics 7 aga9 eag] to ex]t _! p[]s ( inv5tion2 ! elde/ inv5t$ a ma*9e ^u ! same pr9ciple z t :i* is us$ by ! be/ workm5 = cutt+ clock fusees2 & x is describ$ 9 ,b]?\d4 ,! y\nge/ inv5t$ ! eng9e del9eat$1 ,plate #a1 ,fig4 #d4 ,! roll] or cone 7or bo? toge!r7 :i* x is requir$ to cut spirally1 mu/ be furni%$ ) a h&le1 & a too!d :eel w1 :i* turns a small] :eel or p9ion w4 ,?is p9ion c>ries ) x a screw s1 :i* draws =w>d ! puppet p1 9 :i* ! grav] ( *isel g slides )\t %ake4 ,?is grav] has a po9t or edge %ap$ prop]ly to =m ! spiral groove1 ) a %\ld] to regulate ! dep? ( ! groove4 ,! iron rod r1 :i* is firmly fa/5$ 9 ! puppet1 slides ?r\gh mortices at mm1 & guides ! puppet 9 a /raight l9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate #a4 ,! re/ ( ! ma*9e is intelligible f ! draw+4 ,a simple me?od ( %[+ ! nature ( comp\nd =ces 0 ?\ght ( at ! same "t4 ,an ivory ball 0 plac$ at ! corn] ( a bo>d sixte5 in*es broad1 & two feet long2 two o!r simil> balls 7 let fall d[n incl9$ tr\ghs aga9/ ! fir/ ball 9 diff]5t directions1 b at ! same "t4 ,"o fell 9 a direction p>allel to ! l5g? ( ! bo>d2 ! o!r ball fell back 9 a direction p>allel to its bread?4 ,by rais+ ! tr\ghs1 su* a =ce 0 communicat$ to ea* ( ! fall+ balls1 z 0 suffici5t to drive ! ball t 0 at re/ to t side or end ( ! bo>d :i* 0 opposite1 or at "r angles1 to ! l9e ( its motion4 ,:5 bo? balls 7 let fall toge!r1 !y drove ! ball t 0 at re/ diagonally1 s z to rea* ! opposite corn]4 ,if ! same bo>d 7 plac$ z an incl9$ plane1 at an angle ( five or six degrees1 a ball plac$ at "o ( its upp]mo/ corn]s1 w\ld fall ) an accel]at$ motion 9 a direct l9e2 b if ano!r ball 7 made 7by desc5d+ ?r\gh an incl9$ tr\gh7 to /rike ! fir/ ball at "r angles to ! l9e ( its =m] desc5t1 at ! mom5t :5 x began to desc5d1 x w\ld n1 z 9 ! =m] exp]im5t1 move diagonally1 b w\ld describe a curve4 ,! reason :y x describes a curve1 & :y t curve is n circul>1 0 easily und]/ood4 ,*ildr5 :o are ?us induc$ to inv5t ma*9es or app>atus = expla9+ & demon/rat+ ! laws ( me*anism1 n only fix indelibly ^? laws 9 _! own m9ds1 b enl>ge _! p[]s ( inv5tion1 & pres]ve a c]ta9 orig9ality ( ?\ght1 :i* leads to new discov]ies4 ,we !re=e /rongly recomm5d x to tea*]s1 to use z few precepts z possible 9 ! rudim5ts ( sci5ce1 & to enc\rage _! pupils to use _! own und]/&+s z !y advance4 ,9 me*anism1 a g5]al view ( ! p[]s & uses ( eng9es is all t ne$ be taught2 :]e m is necess>y1 su* a f\ndation1 ) ! assi/ance ( good books1 & ! exam9ation ( good ma*9]y1 w p]fect ! k ( !ory & facilitate practice4 ,at fir/ we %\ld n encumb] our pupils ) accurate demon/ration4 ,! application ( ma!matics to me*anics is und\bt$ly ( ! highe/ use1 & has op5$ a s\rce ( +5i\s & important inquiry4 ,ar*im$es1 ! greate/ "n among/ me*anic philosoph]s1 scorn$ ! m]e practical application ( 8 sublime discov]ies1 & at ! mom5t :5 ! mo/ /up5d\s effects 7 produc+ by 8 eng9es1 he 0 s deeply absorb$ 9 ab/ract speculation z to be ins5sible to ! fe> ( dea?4 ,we d n mean1 !re=e1 to und]value ei!r ! application ( /rict demon/ration to problems 9 me*anics1 or ! exhibition ( ! mo/ accurate ma*9]y 9 philosophical lectures2 b we wi% to po9t out a me?od ( giv+ a g5]al notion ( ! me*anical organs to our pupils1 :i* %all be imm$iately obvi\s to _! compreh5sion1 & :i* may s]ve z a sure f\ndation = future improvem5t4 ,we are told by a vulg> prov]b1 t ?\gh we believe :at we see1 we h yet a high] belief 9 :at we feel4 ,?is adage is p>ticul>ly applicable to me*anics4 ,:5 a p]son p]ceives ! effect ( 8 own bodily ex]tions ) diff]5t eng9es1 & :5 he c comp>e 9 a r\gh mann] _! relative advantages1 he is n dispos$ to reject _! assi/ance1 or expect m ?an is reasonable f _! application4 ,! "y !ori/ 9 me*anics ?9ks he c produce a p]petual motion6 ,:5 he has be5 accu/om$ to ref] to ! pla9 dictates ( common s5se & exp]i5ce1 on ?is1 z well z on e o!r subject1 he w n easily be l$ a/ray by vision>y !ories4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate #b4 ,to br+ ! s5se ( feel+ to our assi/ance 9 tea*+ ! uses ( ! me*anic p[]s1 ! foll[+ app>atus 0 con/ruct$1 to :i* we h giv5 ! "n ,panorganon4 ,x is compos$ ( two pr9cipal p>ts3 a frame to conta9 ! mov+ ma*9]y2 & a cap/an or w9dlass1 :i* is erect$ on a sill or plank1 t is sunk a few in*es into ! gr\nd3 ! frame is by ?is means1 & by six braces or props1 r5d]$ /eady4 ,! cross rail1 or transom1 is /r5g!n$ by braces & a k+-po/ to make x light] & *eap]4 ,! cap/an consi/s ( an upright %aft1 ^u :i* are fix$ two drums2 ab\t :i* a rope may be w\nd up1 & two lev]s or arms by :i* x may be turn$ r\nd4 ,!re is also a screw ( iron coil$ r\nd ! l[] "p ( ! %aft1 to %[ ! prop]ties ( ! screw z a me*anic p[]4 ,! rope :i* goes r\nd ! drum passes ov] "o ( ! pulleys ne> to ! top ( ! frame1 & "u ano!r pulley ne> ! bottom ( ! frame4 ,z two drums ( diff]5t sizes are employ$1 x is necess>y to h an upright roll] to conduct ! rope 9 a prop] direction to ! pulleys1 :5 ei!r ( ! drums is us$4 ,ne> ! frame1 & 9 ! direction 9 :i* ! rope runs1 is laid a plat=m or road ( deal bo>ds1 "o bo>d 9 bread?1 & tw5ty or ?irty feet long1 ^u :i* a small sl$ge load$ ) diff]5t weights may be drawn4 ,plate #b4 ,fig4 #a4 ,f4 ,f4 ,! frame4 b4 b4 ,braces to keep ! frame /eady4 a4 a4 a4 ,angul> braces to /r5g!n ! transom2 & also a k+-po/4 ,s4 ,a r\nd1 tap] %aft1 /r5g!n$ above & bel[ ! mortises ) iron hoops4 ,l ,l4 ,two arms1 or lev]s1 by :i* ! %aft1 c4 are to be mov$ r\nd4 ,d ,d4 ,! drum1 :i* has two rims ( diff]5t circumf]5ces4 ,r4 ,! roll] to conduct ! rope4 ,p4 ,! pulley1 r\nd :i* ! rope passes to ! l>g] drum4 ,p #b4 ,ano!r pulley to answ] to ! small] drum4 ,p #c4 ,a pulley ?r\gh :i* ! rope passes :5 exp]im5ts are tri$ ) lev]s1 c4 ,p #d4 ,ano!r pulley ?r\gh :i* ! rope passes :5 ! sl$ge is us$4 ,ro4 ,! road ( deal bo>ds = ! sl$ge to move on4 ,sl4 ,! sl$ge1 ) pieces ( h>d wood atta*$ to x1 to guide x on ! road4 ,uses ( ! ,panorganon4 ,z ?is ma*9e is to be mov$ by ! =ce ( m5 or *ildr51 & z _! =ce v>ies n only ) ! /r5g? & weight ( ea* individual1 b also accord+ to ! diff]5t mann] 9 :i* t /r5g? or weight is appli$2 x is1 9 ! fir/ place1 requisite to e/abli% "o det]m9ate mode ( apply+ human =ce to ! ma*9e2 & also a me?od ( det]m9+ ! relative =ce ( ea* individual ^: /r5g? is appli$ to x4 ,to e/imate ! =ce ) :i* a p]son c draw horizontally by a rope ov] 8 %\ld]4 ,,exp]im5t ,i4 ,hang a common long scale-beam 7)\t scales or *a9s7 f ! top or transom ( ! frame1 s z t "o end ( x may come )9 an in* ( "o side or po/ ( ! ma*9e4 ,tie a rope to ! hook ( ! scale-beam1 :]e ! *a9s ( ! scale are usually hung1 & pass x ?r\gh ! pulley ,p #c1 :i* is ab\t f\r feet f ! gr\nd2 let ! p]son pull ?is rope f #a t[>ds #b1 turn+ 8 back to ! ma*9e1 & pull+ ! rope ov] 8 %\ld]--,pl4 #b4 ,fig4 #f4 ,z ! pulley may be ei!r too high or too l[ to p]mit ! rope to be horizontal1 ! p]son :o pulls x %\ld be plac$ t5 or fifte5 feet f ! ma*9e1 :i* w less5 ! angul> direction ( ! cord1 & ! inaccuracy ( ! exp]im5t4 ,hang weights to ! o!r end ( ! scale-beam1 until ! p]son :o pulls c b j walk =w>d1 pull+ fairly )\t propp+ 8 feet aga9/ any ?+4 ,?is weight w e/imate ! =ce ) :i* he c draw horizontally by a rope ov] 8 %\ld]4#bb ,let a *ild :o tries ?is1 walk on ! bo>d ) dry %oes2 let him aft]w>ds *alk 8 %oes1 & aft]w>ds try x ) 8 %oes soap$3 he w f9d t he c pull ) diff]5t degrees ( =ce 9 ^! diff]5t circum/ances2 b :5 he tries ! foll[+ exp]im5ts1 let 8 %oes be always dry1 t 8 =ce may be always ! same4 ,to %[ ! p[] ( ! ?ree diff]5t sorts ( lev]s4 ,,exp]im5t ,,ii4 ,in/ead ( putt+ ! cord t comes f ! scale-beam1 z 9 ! la/ exp]im5t1 ov] ! %\ld] ( ! boy1 hook x to ! end #a ( ! lev] ,l1 ,fig4 #b4 ,plate #b4 ,?is lev] is pass$ ?r\gh a socket--,plate #b4 ,fig4 #c4--;9 :i* x c be %ift$ f "o ( its ends t[>ds ! o!r1 & c be fa/5$ at any place by ! screw ( ! socket4 ,?is socket has two gudgeons1 ^u :i* x1 & ! lev] :i* x conta9s1 c turn4 ,?is socket & its gudgeons c be lift$ out ( ! holes 9 :i* x plays1 betwe5 ! rail ,r ,r1 ,plate #b4 ,fig4 #b4 & may be put into o!r holes at ,r ,r1 ,fig4 #e4 ,loop ano!r rope to ! o!r end ( ?is lev]1 & let ! boy pull z be=e4 ,p]haps x %\ld be po9t$ out1 t ! boy mu/ walk 9 a direction contr>y to t 9 :i* he walk$ be=e1 viz4 f #a t[>ds #c4 ,! height to :i* ! weight asc5ds1 & ! di/ance to :i* ! boy advances1 %\ld be c>efully m>k$ & measur$2 & x w be f\nd1 t he c raise ! weight to ! same height1 advanc+ ?r\gh ! same space z 9 ! =m] exp]im5t4 ,9 ?is case1 z bo? ends ( ! lev] mov$ ?r\gh equal spaces1 ! lev] only *ang$ ! direction ( ! motion1 & add$ no me*anical p[] to ! direct /r5g? ( ! boy4 ,,exp]im5t ,,iii4 ,%ift ! lev] to its extremity 9 ! socket2 ! middle ( ! lev] w be n[ opposite to ! pulley1 ,pl4 #b4 ,fig4 #d4--;hook to x ! rope t goes ?r\gh ! pulley ,p #c1 & fa/5 to ! o!r end ( ! lev] ! rope by :i* ! boy is to pull4 ,?is w be a lev] ( ! second k9d1 z x is call$ 9 books ( me*anics2 9 us+ :i*1 ! resi/ance is plac$ betwe5 ! c5tre ( motion or fulcrum1 & ! mov+ p[]4 ,he w n[ raise d\ble ! weight t he did 9 ,exp]im5t ,,ii1 & he w advance ?r\gh d\ble ! space4 ,,exp]im5t ,,iv4 ,%ift ! lev]1 & ! socket :i* =ms ! axis 7)\t %ift+ ! lev] f ! place 9 :i* x 0 9 ! socket 9 ! la/ exp]im5t7 to ! holes t are prep>$ = x at ,r ,r1 ,plate #b4 ,fig4 #e4 ,! free end ( ! lev] ,e w n[ be opposite to ! rope1 & to ! pulley 7ov] :i* ! rope comes f ! scale-beam47 ,hook ?is rope to x1 & hook ! rope by :i* ! boy pulls1 to ! middle ( ! lev]4 ,! effect w n[ be diff]5t f :at x 0 9 ! two la/ exp]im5ts2 ! boy w advance only half z f>1 & w raise only half z mu* weight z be=e4 ,?is is call$ a lev] ( ! ?ird sort4 ,! fir/ & second k9ds ( lev]s are us$ 9 qu>ry+2 & ! op]ations ( _m tools may be ref]r$ to !m4 ,! ?ird k9d ( lev] is employ$ b seldom1 b its prop]ties may be obs]v$ ) advantage :il/ a long ladd] is rais$1 z ! man :o raises x1 is oblig$ to ex]t an increas+ =ce until ! ladd] is ne>ly p]p5dicul>4 ,:5 ?is lev] is us$1 x is obvi\s1 f :at has be5 said1 t ! p[] mu/ always pass ?r\gh less space ?an ! ?+ :i* is to be mov$2 x c nev]1 !re=e1 be ( s]vice 9 ga9+ p[]4 ,b ! object ( "s ma*9es1 is to increase velocity1 in/ead ( obta9+ p[]1 z 9 a sl$ge-hamm] mov$ by mill-"w4 7,v4 ! plates 9 ,em]son's ,me*anics1 ,no4 #bcf47 ,! exp]im5ts ^u lev]s may be v>i$ at pleasure1 increas+ or dim9i%+ ! me*anical advantage1 s z to balance ! p[] & ! resi/ance1 to accu/om ! le>n]s to calculate ! relation betwe5 ! p[] & ! effect 9 diff]5t circum/ances2 always po9t+ out1 t :atev] excess !re is 9 ! p[]1#bc or 9 ! resi/ance1 is always comp5sat$ by ! diff]5ce ( space ?r\gh :i* ! inf]i\r passes4 ,! exp]im5ts :i* we h m5tion$1 are suffici5tly satisfactory to a pupil1 z to ! imm$iate relation betwe5 ! p[] & ! resi/ance2 b ! diff]5t spaces ?r\gh :i* ! p[] & ! resi/ance move :5 "o exce$s ! o!r1 _c be obvi\s1 )\t !y pass ?r\gh mu* l>g] spaces ?an lev]s w p]mit4 ,,exp]im5t ,v4 ,place ! sl$ge on ! f>!/ end ( ! wood5 road--,plate #b4 ,fig4 #a4--;fa/5 a rope to ! sl$ge1 & conduct x ?r\gh ! l[e/ pulley ,p #d1 & ?r\gh ! pulley ,p #c1 s z t ! boy may be enabl$ to draw x by ! rope pass$ ov] 8 %\ld]4 ,! sl$ge mu/ n[ be load$1 until ! boy c b j advance ) %ort /eps /eadily ^u ! wood5 road2 ?is mu/ be done ) c>e1 z !re w be b j room = him beside ! rope4 ,he w meet ! sl$ge exactly on ! middle ( ! road1 f :i* he mu/ /ep aside to pass ! sl$ge4 ,let ! "t ( ?is exp]im5t be not$4 ,x is obvi\s t ! boy & ! sl$ge move ) equal velocity2 !re is1 !re=e1 no me*anical advantage obta9$ by ! pulleys4 ,! weight t he c draw w be ab\t half a hundr$1 if he weigh ab\t n9e /one2 b ! exact =ce ) :i* ! boy draws1 is to be kn[n by ,exp]im5t ,i4 ,! :eel & axle4 ,?is organ is usually call$ 9 me*anics1 ,! axis 9 p]itro*io4 ,a h>d "n1 :i* might well be sp>$1 z ! ^w w9dlass or cap/an w\ld convey a m di/9ct idea to our pupils4 ,,exp]im5t ,,vi4 ,to ! l>ge/ drum1 ,plate #b4 ,fig4 #a4 fa/5 a cord1 & pass x ?r\gh ! pulley ,p d[nw>ds1 & ?r\gh ! pulley ,p #d to ! sl$ge plac$ at ! end ( ! wood5 road1 :i* is f>!/ f ! ma*9e4 ,let ! boy1 by a rope fa/5$ to ! extremity ( "o ( ! arms ( ! cap/an1 & pass$ ov] 8 %\ld]1 draw ! cap/an r\nd2 he w w9d ! rope r\nd ! drum1 & draw ! sl$ge ^u its road4 ,to make ! sl$ge advance tw5ty-f\r feet ^u its road1 ! boy mu/ h walk$ circul>ly #add feet1 :i* is six times z f>1 & he w be able to draw ab\t ?ree hundr$ weight1 :i* is six times z mu* z 9 ! la/ exp]im5t4 ,x may n[ be po9t$ out1 t ! diff]5ce ( space1 pass$ ?r\gh by ! p[] 9 ?is exp]im5t1 is exactly equal to ! diff]5ce ( weight1 :i* ! boy c\ld draw )\t ! cap/an4 ,,exp]im5t ,,vii4 ,let ! rope be n[ atta*$ to ! small] drum2 ! boy w draw ne>ly twice z mu* weight ^u ! sl$ge z be=e1 & w g ?r\gh d\ble ! space4 ,,exp]im5t ,,viii4 ,:]e !re are a numb] ( boys1 let five or six ( !m1 ^: p[] ( draw+ 7e/imat$ z 9 ,exp]im5t ,i7 am\nts to six times z mu* z ! =ce ( ! boy at ! cap/an1 pull at ! end ( ! rope :i* 0 fa/5$ to ! sl$ge2 !y w balance ! =ce ( ! boy at ! cap/an3 ei!r !y1 or he1 by a sudd5 pull1 may advance1 b if !y pull fairly1 !re w be no advantage on ei!r "p4 ,9 ?is exp]im5t1 ! rope %\ld pass ?r\gh ! pulley ,p #c1 & %\ld be coil$ r\nd ! l>g] drum4 ,& x mu/ be also obs]v$1 t 9 all exp]im5ts ^u ! motion ( bodies1 9 :i* !re is mu* friction1 z :]e a sl$ge is employ$1 ! results are nev] s uni=m z 9 o!r circum/ances4 ,! ,pulley4 ,^u ! pulley we %all say little1 z x is 9 e body's h&s1 & exp]im5ts may be tri$ ^u x )\t any p>ticul> app>atus4 ,x %\ld1 h[ev]1 be di/9ctly inculcat$1 t ! p[] is n increas$ by a fix$ pulley4 ,= ?is purpose1 a :eel )\t a rim1 or1 to speak ) m propriety1 a numb] ( spokes fix$ 9 a nave1 %\ld be employ$4 7,plate #b4 ,fig4 #i47 ,pieces l ! heads ( crut*es %\ld be fix$ at ! ends ( ^! spokes1 to receive a piece ( gir?-web1 :i* is us$ in/ead ( a cord1 because a cord w\ld be un/eady2 & a /rap ( iron ) a hook to x %\ld play ^u ! c5tre1 by :i* x may at times be susp5d$1 & f :i* at o!r times a weight may be hung4 ,,exp]im5t ,,ix4 ,let ! skeleton ( a pulley be hung by ! iron /rap f ! transom ( ! frame2 fa/5 a piece ( web to "o ( ! radii1 & ano!r to ! end ( ! opposite radius4 ,if two boys ( equal weight pull ^! pieces ( gir?-web1 !y w balance ea* o!r2 or two equal weights hung to ^! webs1 w be 9 equilibrio4 ,if a piece ( gir?-web be put r\nd ! upp]mo/ radius1 two equal weights hung at ! ends ( x w rema9 immoveable2 b if ei!r ( !m be pull$1 or if a small additional weight be add$ to ei!r ( !m1 x w desc5d1 & ! web w apply itself successively to ! asc5d+ radii1 & w deta* itself f ^? t are desc5d+4 ,if ?is movem5t be c>efully consid]$1 x w be p]ceiv$1 t ! web1 9 unfold+ itself1 acts 9 ! same mann] ^u ! radii z two ropes w\ld if !y 7 hung to ! extremities ( ! opposite radii 9 succession4 ,! two radii :i* are opposite1 may be consid]$ z a lev] ( ! fir/ sort1 :]e ! c5tre is 9 ! middle ( ! lev]2 z ea* end moves ?r\gh an equal space1 !re is no me*anical advantage4 ,b if ?is skeleton-pulley be employ$ z a common block or tackle1 its motions & prop]ties w be entirely diff]5t4 ,,exp]im5t ,x4 ,,plate #b4 ,,fig4 #i4 ,nail a piece ( gir?-web to a po/1 at ! di/ance ( ?ree or f\r feet f ! gr\nd2 fa/5 ! o!r end ( x to "o ( ! radii4 ,fa/5 ano!r piece ( web to ! opposite radius1 & let a boy hold ! skeleton-pulley susp5d$ by ! web2 hook weights to ! /rap t hangs f ! c5tre4 ,! end ( ! radius to :i* ! fix$ gir?-web is fa/5$1 w rema9 immoveable2 b1 if ! boy pulls ! web :i* he holds 9 8 h& upw>ds1 he w be able to lift ne>ly d\ble ! weight1 :i* he c raise f ! gr\nd by a simple rope1 )\t ! ma*9e1 & he w p]ceive t 8 h& moves ?r\gh twice z great a space z ! weight asc5ds3 he has1 !re=e1 ! me*anical advantage :i* he w\ld h by a lev] ( ! second sort1 z 9 ,exp]im5t ,,iii4 ,let a piece ( web be put r\nd ! "u radii1 let "o end ( x be nail$ to ! po/1 & ! o!r be held by ! boy1 & x w repres5t ! application ( a rope to a moveable pulley2 if its motion be c>efully consid]$1 x w appe> t ! radii1 z !y successively apply !mselves to ! web1 repres5t a s]ies ( lev]s ( ! second k9d4 ,a pulley is no?+ m ?an an inf9ite numb] ( su* lev]s2 ! cord at "o end ( ! diamet] s]v+ z a fulcrum = ! organ dur+ its progress4 ,if ?is skeleton-pulley be us$ horizontally1 in/ead ( p]p5dicul>ly1 ! circum/ances :i* h be5 m5tion$1 w appe> m obvi\s4 ,^u ! wood5 road lay d[n a piece ( gir?-web2 nail "o end ( x to ! road2 place ! pulley ^u ! web at ! o!r end ( ! bo>d1 &1 br++ ! web ov] ! radii1 let ! boy1 tak+ hold ( x1 draw ! load$ sl$ge fa/5$ to ! hook at ! c5tre ( ! pulley3 he w draw ne>ly twice z mu* 9 ?is mann] z he c\ld )\t ! pulley4#bd ,"h ! web ly+ on ! road1 %[s m di/9ctly1 t x is quiesc5t :]e ! l[e/ radius t\*es x2 & if ! radii1 z !y tread ^u x1 are obs]v$1 _! po9ts w appe> at re/1 :il/ ! c5tre ( ! pulley w g z fa/ z ! sl$ge1 & ! top ( ea* radius successively 7& ! boy's h& :i* unfolds ! web7 w move twice z fa/ z ! c5tre ( ! pulley & ! sl$ge4 ,if a p]son1 hold+ a /ick 9 8 h&1 obs]ves ! relative motions ( ! top1 & ! middle1 & ! bottom ( ! /ick1 :il/ he incl9es x1 he w see t ! bottom ( ! /ick has no motion on ! gr\nd1 & t ! middle has only half ! motion ( ! top4 ,?is prop]ty ( ! pulley has be5 dwelt ^u1 because x elucidates ! motion ( a :eel roll+ ^u ! gr\nd2 & x expla9s a common p>adox1 :i* appe>s at fir/ inexplicable4 ,! bottom ( a roll+ :eel nev] moves ^u ! road4 ,?is is ass]t$ only ( a :eel mov+ ov] h>d gr\nd1 :i*1 9 fact1 may be consid]$ r z lay+ d[n its circumf]5ce ^u ! road1 ?an z mov+ ^u x4 ,! incl9$ ,plane & ! ,w$ge4 ,! incl9$ plane is to be next consid]$4 ,:5 a heavy body is to be rais$1 x is (t5 conv5i5t to lay a slop+ artificial road ( planks1 up :i* x may be pu%$ or drawn4 ,?is me*anical p[]1 h[ev]1 is b ( little s]vice )\t ! assi/ance ( :eels or roll]s2 we %all1 !re=e1 speak ( x z x is appli$ 9 ano!r mann]1 "u ! "n ( ! w$ge1 :i* is1 9 fact1 a mov+ incl9$ plane2 b if x is requir$ to expla9 ! prop]ties ( ! incl9$ plane by ! panorganon1 ! wood5 road may be rais$ & set to any incl9ation t is requir$1 & ! sl$ge may be drawn ^u x z 9 ! =m] exp]im5ts4 ,let "o end ( a lev]1 ,n4 ,plate #b4 ,fig4 #g4 ) a :eel at "o end ( x1 be h+$ to ! po/ ( ! frame1 by means ( a gudgeon driv5 or screw$ into ! po/4 ,to prev5t ?is lev] f deviat+ sideways1 let a slip ( wood be connect$ ) x by a nail1 :i* %all be fa/ 9 ! lev]1 b :i* moves freely 9 a hole 9 ! rail4 ,! o!r end ( ?is slip mu/ be fa/5$ to a /ake driv5 into ! gr\nd at ?ree or f\r feet f ! lev]1 at "o side ( x1 & t[>ds ! end 9 :i* ! :eel is fix$ 7,plate #b4 ,fig #aj4 :i* is a vue d'oiseau7 9 ! same mann] z ! treadle ( a common la! is manag$1 & z ! treadle ( a loom is sometimes guid$4#be ,,exp]im5t ,,xi4 ,"u ! :eel ( ?is lev] place an incl9$ plane or half-w$ge 7,plate #b4 ,fig4 #g47 on ! wood5 road1 ) roll]s "u x1 to prev5t friction2#bf fa/5 a rope to ! =emo/ end ( ! w$ge1 & pass x ?r\gh ! pulleys 7,p #d4 & ,p #c47 z 9 ! fif? exp]im5t4 ,let a boy draw ! sl$ge by ?is rope ov] 8 %\ld]1 & he w f9d1 t z x advances x w raise ! weight upw>ds2 ! w$ge is five feet long1 & elevat$ "o foot4 ,n[1 if ! p]p5dicul> asc5t ( ! weight1 & ! space ?r\gh :i* he advances1 be comp>$1 he w f9d1 t ! space ?r\gh :i* he has pass$ w be five times z great z t ?r\gh :i* ! weight has asc5d$2 & t ?is w$ge has enabl$ him to raise five times z mu* z he c\ld raise )\t x1 if 8 /r5g? 7 appli$1 z 9 ,exp]im5t ,i1 )\t any me*anical advantage4 ,by mak+ ?is w$ge 9 two p>ts h+$ toge!r1 ) a graduat$ piece to keep !m asund]1 ! w$ge may be adju/$ to any giv5 obliquity2 & x w be always f\nd1 t ! me*anical advantage ( ! w$ge may be asc]ta9$ by comp>+ its p]p5dicul> elevation ) its base4 ,if ! base ( ! w$ge is #b1 #c1 #d1 #e1 or any o!r numb] ( times great] ?an its height1 x w enable ! boy to raise respectively #b1 #c1 #d1 or #e times m weight ?an he c\ld d 9 ,exp]im5t ,i1 by :i* 8 p[] is e/imat$4 ,! ,screw4 ,! screw is an incl9$ plane w\nd r\nd a cyl9d]2 ! height ( all its revolutions r\nd ! cyl9d] tak5 toge!r1 comp>$ ) ! space ?r\gh :i* ! p[] t turns x passes1 is ! measure ( its me*anical advantage4#bg ,let ! lev]1 us$ 9 ! la/ exp]im5t1 be turn$ 9 su* a mann] z to rea* f its gudgeon to ! %aft ( ! ,panorganon1 guid$ by an att5dant lev] z be=e4 7,plate #b4 ,fig4 #h47 ,let ! :eel re/ ^u ! l[e/ helix or ?read ( ! screw3 z ! arms ( ! %aft are turn$ r\nd1 ! :eel w asc5d1 & c>ry up ! weight :i* is fa/5$ to ! lev]4#bh ,z ! situation ( ! screw prev5ts ! weight f be+ susp5d$ exactly f ! c5tre ( ! screw1 prop] all[ance mu/ be made = ?is 9 e/imat+ ! =ce ( ! screw1 or det]m9+ ! me*anical advantage ga9$ by ! lev]3 ?is c be done by measur+ ! p]p5dicul> asc5t ( ! weight1 :i* 9 all cases is bett]1 & m exp$iti\s1 ?an measur+ ! p>ts ( a ma*9e1 & e/imat+ its =ce by calculation2 because ! diff]5t diamet]s ( ropes1 & o!r small circum/ances1 are frequ5tly mi/ak5 9 e/imates4 ,! space pass$ ?r\gh by ! mov+ p[]1 & by t :i* x moves1 are infallible data = e/imat+ ! p[]s ( eng9es4 ,two mat]ial subjects ( exp]im5ts1 yet rema9 = ! ,panorganon2 friction1 & :eels ( c>riages3 b we h already ext5d$ ?is article f> beyond its j proportion to simil> *apt]s 9 ?is "w4 ,we repeat1 t x is n int5d$ 9 ?is1 or 9 any o!r "p ( our design1 to write treatises ^u sci5ce2 b m]ely to po9t out me?ods = initiat+ "y p 9 ! rudim5ts ( k1 & ( giv+ !m a cle> & di/9ct view ( ^? pr9ciples ^u :i* !y are f\nd$4 ,no preceptor1 :o has _h exp]i5ce1 w cavil at ! sup]ficial k ( a boy ( twelve or ?irte5 ^u ^! subjects2 he w p]ceive1 t ! g5]al view1 :i* we wi% to give our pupils ( ! useful arts & sci5ces1 mu/ c]ta9ly t5d to =m a ta/e = lit]ature & inve/igation4 ,! scioli/ has le>n$ only to talk--we wi% to tea* our pupils to ?9k1 ^u ! v>i\s objects ( human speculation4 ,! ,panorganon may be employ$ 9 try+ ! resi/ance ( air & wat]2 ! =ce ( diff]5t muscles2 & 9 a great v>iety ( amus+ & useful exp]im5ts4 ,9 academies1 & private families1 x may be erect$ 9 ! place allott$ = amusem5t1 :]e x w furni% ent]ta9m5t = _m a vacant h\r4 ,:5 x has lo/ its novelty1 ! %aft may f "t to "t be tak5 d[n1 & a sw+ may be susp5d$ 9 its place4 ,x may be con/ruct$ at ! exp5se ( five or six p\nds3 t :i* /&s be=e our w9d[1 0 made = less ?an ?ree gu9eas1 z we _h _m ( ! mat]ials beside u = o!r purposes4 ,,footnotes3 #ba ,:5 ?is "q 0 sometime aft]w>ds repeat$ to ,s----1 he obs]v$1 t ! fea!r w\ld ?r[ d[n ! ca/le1 if its swiftness 7 s great z to make up = its want ( weight4 #bb ,7 x ?\ght necess>y to make ^! exp]im5ts p]fectly accurate1 a segm5t ( a pulley1 ! radius ( :i* is half ! l5g? ( ! scale-beam1 %\ld be atta*$ to ! end ( ! beam2 ^u :i* ! cord may apply itself1 & ! pulley 7,p #c7 %\ld be rais$ or l[]$1 to br+ ! rope horizontally f ! man's %\ld] :5 9 ! attitude ( draw+4 #bc ,! ^w p[] is "h us$ 9 a popul> s5se1 to d5ote ! /r5g? or efficacy t is employ$ to produce an effect by means ( any eng9e4 #bd ,9 all ^! exp]im5ts ) ! skeleton-pulley1 somebody mu/ keep x 9 its prop] direction2 z f its /ructure1 :i* is contriv$ = illu/ration1 n = practical use1 x _c reta9 its prop] situation )\t assi/ance4 #be ,9 a loom ?is second>y lev] is call$ a lamb1 by mi/ake1 = lam2 f lam9a1 a slip ( wood4 #bf ,!re %\ld be ?ree roll]s us$2 "o ( !m mu/ be plac$ be=e ! sl$ge1 "u :i* x w easily f9d its place1 if ! bottom ( ! sl$ge ne> ! =emo/ end is a little slop$ upw>ds4 ,to reta9 ?is =emo/ roll] 9 its place until ! sl$ge meets x1 x %\ld be /uck lightly on ! road ) two small bits ( wax or pit*4 #bg ,me*anical advantage is n a prop] t]m1 b our language is defici5t 9 prop] te*nical t]ms4 ,! ^w p[] is us$ s indiscrim9ately1 t x is sc>cely possible to convey our mean+1 )\t employ+ x m /rictly4 #bh ,9 ?is exp]im5t1 ! boy %\ld pull z ne> z possible to ! %aft1 )9 a foot ( x1 = in/ance1 else he w h su* me*anical advantage z _c be c\nt]balanc$ by any weight :i* ! ma*9e w\ld be /rong en\gh to be>4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,*emi/ry4 ,9 ! fir/ attempts to tea* *emi/ry to *ildr51 objects %\ld be select$1 ! pr9cipal prop]ties ( :i* may be easily discrim9at$ by ! s5ses ( t\*1 ta/e or smell2 & su* t]ms %\ld be employ$ z d n require accurate def9ition4 ,:5 a *ild has be5 caught 9 a %[] ( sn[1 he goes to ! fire to w>m & dry himself4 ,aft] he has be5 be=e ! fire = "s "t1 in/ead ( becom+ dry1 he f9ds t he is wett] ?an he 0 be=e3 wat] drops f 8 hat & clo!s1 & ! sn[ ) :i* he 0 cov]$ disappe>s4 ,if y ask him :at has become ( ! sn[1 & :y he has become wett]1 he _c tell y4 ,give him a tea-cup ( sn[1 desire him to place x be=e ! fire1 he p]ceives t ! sn[ melts1 t x becomes wat]4 ,if he puts 8 f+] into ! wat]1 he f9ds t x is w>m] ?an sn[2 he !n p]ceives t ! fire :i* w>m$ him1 w>m$ likewise ! sn[1 :i* !n became wat]2 or1 9 o!r words1 he discov]s1 t ! heat :i* came f ! fire goes into ! sn[ & melts x3 he ?us acquires ! idea ( ! dissolution ( sn[ by heat4 ,if ! cup conta9+ ! wat]1 or melt$ sn[1 be tak5 f ! fire1 & put out ( ! w9d[ on a fro/y day1 he p]ceives1 t 9 "t ! wat] gr[s cold]2 t a ?91 brittle sk9 spreads ov] x2 :i* gr[s ?ick] by degrees1 till at l5g? all ! wat] becomes ice2 & if ! cup be aga9 put be=e ! fire1 ! ice returns to wat]4 ,?us he discov]s1 t by dim9i%+ ! heat ( wat]1 x becomes ice2 by add+ heat to ice1 x becomes wat]4 ,a *ild wat*es ! drops ( melt$ seal+-wax z !y fall ^u pap]4 ,:5 he sees y /ir ! wax ab\t1 & p]ceives1 t :at 0 =m]ly h>d1 n[ becomes s(t & v hot1 he w apply 8 =m] k ( ! effects ( heat ^u ice & sn[1 & he w tell y t ! heat ( ! c&le melts ! wax4 ,by ^! means1 ! pr9ciple ( ! solution ( bodies by heat1 w be impr9t$ ^u 8 memory2 & y may n[ enl>ge 8 ideas ( solution4 ,:5 a lump ( sug> is put into a di% ( hot tea1 a *ild sees t x becomes less & less1 till at la/ x disappe>s4 ,:at has become ( ! sug>8 ,y\r pupil w say t x is melt$ by ! heat ( ! tea3 b if x be put into cold tea1 or cold wat]1 he w f9d t x dissolves1 ?\gh m sl[ly4 ,y %\ld !n %[ him "s f9e s&1 "s clay1 & *alk1 ?r[n into wat]2 & he w p]ceive ! diff]5ce betwe5 me*anical mixture & diffusion1 or *emical mixture4 ,*emical mixture1 z t ( sug> 9 wat]1 dep5ds ^u ! attraction t subsi/s betwe5 ! p>ts ( ! solid & fluid :i* are comb9$4 ,me*anical mixture is only ! susp5sion ( ! p>ts ( a solid 9 a fluid4 ,:5 f9e s&1 *alk1 or clay1 are put into wat]1 ! wat] cont9ues = "s "t turbid or muddy2 b by degrees ! s&1 c4 falls to ! bottom1 & ! wat] becomes cle>4 ,9 ! *emical mixture ( sug> & wat]1 !re is no mudd9ess1 ! fluid is cle> & transp>5t1 ev5 :il/ x is /irr$1 & :5 x is at re/1 !re is no s$im5t1 ! sug> is jo9$ ) ! wat]2 a new1 fluid sub/ance1 is =m$ out ( ! two simple bodies sug> & wat]1 & ?\gh ! p>ts :i* compose ! mixture are n disc]nible to ! eye1 yet !y are p]ceptible by ! ta/e4 ,aft] he has obs]v$ ! mixture1 ! *ild %\ld be ask$1 :e!r he kn[s any me?od by :i* he c sep>ate ! sug> f ! wat]4 ,9 ! boil+ ( a kettle ( wat]1 he has se5 ! /eam :i* issues f ! m\? ( ! vessel2 he kn[s t ! /eam is =m$ by ! heat f ! fire1 :i* jo9+ ) ! wat] drives its p>ts fur!r asund]1 & makes x take ano!r =m1 t ( vap\r or /eam4 ,he may apply ?is k to ! sep>ation ( ! sug> & wat]2 he may turn ! wat] into /eam1 & ! sug> w be left 9 ! vessel 9 a solid =m4 ,if1 in/ead ( evaporat+ ! wat]1 ! boy _h add$ a great] quantity ( sug> to ! mixture1 he w\ld h se51 t aft] a c]ta9 "t1 ! wat] w\ld h dissolv$ no m ( ! sug>2 ! sup]flu\s sug> w\ld fall to ! bottom ( ! vessel z ! s& _h done3 ! pupil %\ld !n be told t ! liquid is saturat$ ) ! solid4 ,by ^! simple exp]im5ts1 a *ild may acquire a g5]al k ( solution1 evaporation1 & saturation1 )\t ! =mality ( a lecture1 or ! app>atus ( a *emi/4 ,9 all y\r attempts to in/ruct him 9 *emi/ry1 ! greate/ c>e %\ld be tak5 t he %\ld completely und]/& "o exp]im5t1 be=e y proce$ to ano!r4 ,! common metaphorical expression1 t ! m9d %\ld h "t to dige/ ! food :i* x receives1 is f\nd$ ^u fact & obs]vation4 ,our pupil %\ld see ! solution ( a v>iety ( sub/ances 9 fluids1 z salt 9 wat]2 m>ble1 *alk1 or alkalies1 9 acids2 & camphire 9 spirits ( w9e3 ?is la/ exp]im5t he may try by himself1 z x is n dang]\s4 ,c]ta9ly _m exp]im5ts are dang]\s1 & !re=e unfit = *ildr52 b o!rs may be select$1 :i* !y may safely try )\t any assi/ance2 & ! dang]\s exp]im5ts may1 :5 !y are necess>y1 be %[n to !m by "s c>eful p]son4 ,_! fir/ exp]im5ts %\ld be su* z !y c readily execute1 & ( :i* ! result may probably be successful3 ?is success w please & int]e/ ! pupils1 & w enc\rage !m to p]sev]ance4 ,a *ild may h "s _s ( w9e & "s camphire giv5 to him2 ! camphire w dissolve 9 ! _s ( w9e1 till ! _s is saturat$2 b !n he w be at a loss h[ to sep>ate !m aga94 ,to sep>ate !m1 he mu/ p\r into ! mixture a consid]able quantity ( wat]2 he w imm$iately see ! liquor1 :i* 0 transp>5t1 become muddy & :ite3 ?is is ow+ to ! sep>ation ( ! camphire f ! _s2 ! camphire falls to ! bottom ( ! vessel 9 ! =m ( a curd4 ,if ! *ild _h weigh$ ! camphire1 bo? be=e & aft] its solution1 he w\ld h f\nd ! result ne>ly ! same4 ,he %\ld be in=m$1 t ?is *emical op]ation 7= te*nical t]ms %\ld n[ be us$7 is call$ precipitation3 ! sub/ance t is sep>at$ f ! mixture by ! introduction ( ano!r body1 is ca/ d[n1 or precipitat$ f ! mixture4 ,9 ?is in/ance1 ! _s ( w9e attract$ ! camphire1 & !re=e dissolv$ x4 ,:5 ! wat] 0 p\r$ 91 ! _s ( w9e attract$ ! wat] m /rongly ?an x did ! camphire2 ! camphire be+ let loose1 fell to ! bottom ( ! vessel4 ,! pupil has n[ be5 %[n two me?ods1 by :i* a solid may be sep>at$ f a fluid 9 :i* x has be5 dissolv$4 ,a /ill %\ld n[ be produc$1 & ! pupil %\ld be in/ruct$ 9 ! nature ( di/illation4 ,by exp]im5ts he w le>n ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! volatility ( diff]5t bodies2 or1 9 o!r words1 he w le>n t "s are made fluid1 or are turn$ into vap\r1 by a great] or less degree ( heat ?an o!rs4 ,! degrees ( heat %\ld be %[n to him by ! !rmomet]1 & ! use ( ! !rmomet]1 & its nature1 %\ld be expla9$4 ,z ! pupil already kn[s t mo/ bodies exp& by heat1 he w readily und]/&1 t an increase ( heat ext5ds ! m]cury 9 ! bulb ( ! !rmomet]1 :i*1 hav+ no o!r space = its expansion1 rises 9 ! small glass tube2 & t ! degree ( heat to :i* x is expos$1 is m>k$ by ! figures on ! scale ( ! in/rum5t4 ,! bus9ess ( di/illation1 is to sep>ate ! m volatile f ! less volatile ( two bodies4 ,! :ole mixture is put into a vessel1 "u :i* !re is fire3 ! mo/ volatile liquor beg9s fir/ to turn into vap\r1 & rises into a high] vessel1 :i*1 be+ kept cold by wat] or sn[1 cond5ses ! evaporat$ fluid2 aft] x has be5 cond5s$1 x drops into ano!r vessel4 ,9 ! exp]im5t t ! *ild has j tri$1 aft] hav+ sep>at$ ! camphire f ! _s ( w9e by precipitation1 he may sep>ate ! _s f ! wat] by di/illation4 ,:5 ! sub/ance t rises1 or t is sep>at$ f o!r bodies by heat1 is a solid1 or :5 :at is collect$ aft] ! op]ation1 is solid1 ! process is n call$ di/illation1 b sublimation4 ,our pupil may next be made acqua9t$ ) ! g5]al qualities ( acids & alkalies4 ,= in/ruct+ him 9 ?is "p ( *emi/ry1 def9ition %\ld z mu* z possible be avoid$2 example1 & occul> demon/ration1 %\ld be pursu$4 ,:o w\ld beg9 to expla9 by words ! diff]5ce betwe5 an acid & an alkali1 :5 ^! c be %[n by exp]im5ts ^u ! sub/ances !mselves8 ,! fir/ great diff]5ce :i* is p]ceptible betwe5 an acid & an alkali1 is _! ta/e4 ,let a *ild h a di/9ct p]ception ( ! diff]5ce ( _! ta/es2 let him be able to di/+ui% !m :5 8 eyes are %ut2 let him ta/e ! /ronge/ ( ea* s z n to hurt him1 & :5 he has once acquir$ di/9ct notions ( ! pung5t ta/e ( an alkali1 & ( ! s\r ta/e ( an acid1 he w nev] =get ! diff]5ce4 ,he mu/ aft]w>ds see ! effects ( an acid & alkali on ! blue col\r ( vegetables at sep>ate times1 & n on ! same day2 by ^! means he w m easily rememb] ! exp]im5ts1 & he w n conf\nd _! diff]5t results4 ,! blue col\r ( vegetables is turn$ r$ by acids1 & gre5 by alkalies4 ,let y\r pupil take a radi%1 & scrape (f ! blue "p into wat]2 x %\ld be left = "s "t1 until ! wat] becomes ( a blue col\r3 let him p\r "s ( ?is liquor into two glasses2 add v9eg> or lemon juice to "o ( !m1 & ! liquor w become r$2 dissolve "s alkali 9 wat]1 & p\r ?is into ! o!r glass1 & ! dissolv$ radi% w become gre54 ,if into ! r$ mixture alkali be p\r$1 ! col\r w *ange into gre52 & if into ! liquor :i* 0 made gre51 acid be p\r$1 ! col\r w *ange to r$3 ?us alt]nately y may p\r acid or alkali1 & produce a r$ or gre5 col\r successively4 ,pap] /a9$ ) ! blue col\r ( vegetables1 is call$ te/ pap]2 ?is is *ang$ by ! lea/ p[]ful ( ! acids or alkalies1 & w1 !re=e1 be peculi>ly useful 9 ! fir/ exp]im5ts ( our "y pupils4 ,a *ild %\ld = safety use ! weake/ acids 9 8 fir/ trials1 b he %\ld be %[n t ! effects are simil>1 :atev] acids we employ2 only ! col\r w be d>k] :5 we make use ( ! /rong1 ?an :5 we use ! weak acids4 ,by degrees ! pupil %\ld be accu/om$ to employ ! /rong acids2 su* z ! vitriolic1 ! nitric1 & ! muriatic1 :i* ?ree are call$ fossil acids1 to di/+ui% !m f ! vegetable1 or weak] acids4 ,we may be p]mitt$ to advise ! "y *emi/ to acquire ! habit ( wip+ ! neck ( ! vessel out ( :i* he p\rs any /rong acid1 z ! drops ( ! liquor w n !n burn 8 h& :5 he takes hold ( ! bottle2 nor w !y injure ! table ^u :i* he is at "w4 ,?is cu/om1 trivial z x may seem1 is ( advantage1 z x gives an appe>ance ( ord]1 & ( ease1 & /ead9ess1 :i* are all necess>y 9 try+ *emical exp]im5ts4 ,! little pupil may be told1 t ! cu/om :i* we h j m5tion$1 is ! con/ant practice ( ! great *emi/1 ,dr4 ,black4 ,we %\ld take c>e h[ we fir/ use ! t]m salt 9 speak+ to *ildr51 le/ !y %\ld acquire indi/9ct ideas3 he %\ld be told1 t ! k9d ( salt :i* he eats is n ! only salt 9 ! _w2 he may be put 9 m9d ( ! k9d ( salts :i* he has1 p]haps1 smelt 9 smell+-bottles2 & he %\ld be fur!r told1 t !re are a numb] ( e>?y1 alkal9e1 & metallic salts1 ) :i* he w 9 "t become acqua9t$4 ,:5 an acid is put ^u an alkali1 or ^u lime/one1 *alk1 or m>le1 a bubbl+ may be obs]v$1 & a noise is he>d2 a *ild %\ld be told1 t ?is is call$ eff]vesc5ce4 ,aft] "s "t ! eff]vesc5ce ceases1 & ! lime/one1 c4 is dissolv$ 9 ! acid4 ,?is eff]vesc5ce1 ! *ild %\ld be in=m$1 arises f ! escape ( a consid]able quantity ( a p>ticul> sort ( air1 call$ fix$ air1 or c>bonic acid gas4 ,9 ! solution ( ! lime 9 ! acid1 ! lime & acid h an attraction = "o ano!r2 b z ! pres5t mixture has no attraction = ! gas1 x escapes1 & 9 ris+1 =ms ! bubbl+ or eff]vesc5ce4 ,?is may be prov$ to a *ild1 by %[+ him1 t if an acid is p\r$ ^u cau/ic lime 7lime :i* has _h ?is gas tak5 f x by fire7 !re w be no eff]vesc5ce4 ,!re are v>i\s o!r *emical exp]im5ts ) :i* *ildr5 may amuse !mselves2 !y may be employ$ 9 analyz+ m>le1 or clays2 !y may be provid$ ) mat]ials = mak+ ink or soap4 ,x %\ld be po9t$ out to !m1 t ! common dome/ic & cul9>y op]ations ( mak+ butt] & *eese1 bak+1 brew+1 c4 are all *emical processes4 ,we hope ! read] w n imag9e1 t we h 9 ?is slight sket* pret5d$ to po9t out ! be/ exp]im5ts :i* c be devis$ = *ildr52 we h only (f]$ a few ( ! simple/ :i* occurr$ to u1 t p>5ts may n1 at ! conclusion ( ?is *apt]1 exclaim1 ,:at is to be done8 ,h[ are we to beg98 ,:at exp]im5ts are suit$ to *ildr58 ,if we knew1 our *ildr5 %\ld try !m4 ,x is ( little consequ5ce :at p>ticul> exp]im5t is select$ = ! fir/2 we only wi% to %[1 t ! m9ds ( *ildr5 may be turn$ to ?is subject2 & t1 by accu/om+ !m to obs]vation1 we give !m n only ! p[] ( le>n+ :at has be5 already discov]$1 b ( add+1 z !y gr[ old]1 some?+ to ! g5]al /ock ( human k4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,on ,,public ,,& ,,private ,,education4 ,! anxi\s p>5t1 aft] :at has be5 said conc]n+ tasks & classical lit]ature1 w inquire :e!r ! :ole plan ( education recomm5d$ 9 ! foll[+ pages1 is int5d$ to relate to public or to private education4 ,x is int5d$ to relate to bo?4 ,x is n usual to s5d *ildr5 to s*ool be=e !y are eight or n9e ye>s old3 our fir/ object is to %[ h[ education may be conduct$ to t age 9 su* a mann]1 t *ildr5 may be well prep>$ = ! acquisition ( all ! k usually taught at s*ools1 & may be p]fectly free f _m ( ! faults t pupils sometimes h acquir$ be=e !y are s5t to any public sem9>y4 ,x is obvi\s1 t public preceptors w\ld be sav$ mu* useless lab\r & anxiety1 7 p>5ts to take "s pa9s 9 ! previ\s in/ruction ( _! *ildr52 & m especially1 if !y 7 to prev5t !m f le>n+ a ta/e = total idl5ess1 or habits ( ob/9acy & ( falsehood1 :i* c sc>cely be conqu]$ by ! utmo/ c>e & vigilance4 ,we c assure p>5ts1 f exp]i5ce1 t if !y pursue /eadily a prop] plan ) reg>d to ! und]/&+ & ! moral habits1 !y w n h mu* tr\ble ) ! education ( _! *ildr5 aft] ! age we h m5tion$1 z long z !y cont9ue to in/ruct !m at home2 & if !y s5d !m to public s*ools1 _! sup]iority 9 intellect & 9 conduct w quickly appe>4 ,?\gh we h be5 pr9cipally att5tive to all ! circum/ances :i* c be ess5tial to ! managem5t ( "y p dur+ ! fir/ n9e or t5 ye>s ( _! lives1 we h by no means conf9$ our obs]vations to ?is p]iod alone2 b we h endeav\r$ to lay be=e p>5ts a g5]al view ( ! human m9d 7z f> z x relates to our subject7 ( prop] me?ods ( tea*+1 & ( ! objects ( rational in/ruction--s t !y may ext5d ! pr9ciples :i* we h laid d[n1 ?r\gh all ! succe$+ p]iods ( education1 & may apply !m z x may be/ suit _! peculi> situations1 or _! peculi> wi%es4 ,we are fully consci\s1 t we h execut$ b v imp]fectly ev5 our own design2 t exp]im5tal education is yet b 9 its infancy1 & t b\ndless space = improvem5t rema9s2 b we flatt] ourselves1 t att5tive p>5ts & preceptors w consid] ) c&\r ! practical assi/ance :i* is (f]$ to !m1 especially z we h endeav\r$ to express our op9ions )\t dogmatical presumption1 & )\t ! illib]al exclusion ( any exi/+ in/itutions or prevail+ sy/ems4 ,p :o1 ev5 ) ! be/ int5tions1 attack ) viol5ce any ( ^!1 & :o d n consid] :at is practicable1 z well z :at ought to be done1 are n likely to p]suade1 or to conv9ce mank9d to increase ! g5]al sum ( happ9ess1 or _! own portion ( felicity4 ,^? :o really desire to be ( s]vice to society1 %\ld po9t out decid$ly1 b ) temp]ate indulg5ce = ! feel+s & op9ions ( o!rs1 :atev] appe>s to !m absurd or repreh5sible 9 any prevail+ cu/oms3 hav+ done ?is1 !y w re/ 9 ! p]suasion t :at is mo/ reasonable1 w ultimately prevail4 ,mank9d1 at lea/ ! prud5t & rational "p ( mank9d1 h an av]sion to pull d[n1 till !y h a moral c]ta9ty t !y c build up a bett] edifice ?an t :i* has be5 de/roy$4 ,w\ld y1 says an em95t writ]1 conv9ce me1 t ! h\se ,i live 9 is a bad "o1 & w\ld y p]suade me to quit x2 build a bett] 9 my neighb\rhood2 ,i %all be v ready to g into x1 & %all return y my v s9c]e ?anks4 ,till ano!r h\se be ready1 a wise man w /ay 9 8 old "o1 h[ev] inconv5i5t its arrangem5t1 h[ev] s$uc+ ! plans ( ! en?usia/ic projector4 ,we d n set up = projectors1 or re=m]s3 we wi% to keep /eadily 9 view ! actual /ate ( ?+s1 z well z our own hopes ( progressive improvem5t2 & to seize & comb9e all t c be imm$iately s]viceable3 all t c assi/1 )\t precipitat+ improvem5ts4 ,e well in=m$ p>5t1 & e lib]al s*ool-ma/]1 mu/ be s5sible1 t !re are _m circum/ances 9 ! managem5t ( public education :i* might be condemn$ ) reason2 t too mu* "t is sacrific$ to ! /udy ( ! le>n$ languages2 t too little att5tion is paid to ! g5]al improvem5t ( ! und]/&+ & =mation ( ! moral "*2 t a s*ool-ma/] _c pay att5tion to ! temp] or habits ( ea* ( 8 num]\s s*ol>s2 & t p>5ts1 dur+ t portion ( ! ye> :i* _! *ildr5 sp5d ) !m1 are n suffici5tly solicit\s to co-op]ate ) ! views ( ! s*ool-ma/]2 s t ! public is c\nt]act$ by ! private education4 ,^!1 & _m o!r ?+s1 we h he>d object$ to s*ools2 b :at are we to put 9 ! place ( s*ools8 ,h[ are va/ numb]s :o are occupi$ !mselves 9 public or pr(essional pursuits1 h[ are m5 9 bus9ess or 9 trade1 arti/s or manufactur]s1 to educate _! families1 :5 !y h n "t to att5d to !m2 :5 !y may n ?9k !mselves p]fectly prep>$ to und]take ! classical in/ruction & entire education ( sev]al boys2 & :51 p]haps1 !y may n be 9 circum/ances to engage ! assi/ance ( su* a preceptor z !y c\ld approve8 ,x is obvi\s1 t if 9 su* situations p>5ts 7 to attempt to educate _! *ildr5 at home1 !y w\ld h>ass !mselves1 & probably spoil _! pupils irrecov]ably4 ,x w\ld1 !re=e1 be 9 e respect impolitic & cruel to disgu/ ^? ) public s*ools1 :o h no o!r res\rce = ! education ( _! families4 ,!re is ano!r reason :i* has p]haps op]at$ ^u _m 9 ! middle ranks ( life unp]ceiv$1 & :i* det]m9es !m 9 fav\r ( public education4 ,p]sons ( n>r[ =tune1 or p]sons :o h acquir$ weal? 9 bus9ess1 are (t5 desir\s ( bre$+ up _! sons to ! lib]al pr(essions3 & !y are consci\s t ! company1 ! language1 & ! /yle ( life1 :i* _! *ildr5 w\ld be accu/om$ to at home1 are b5ea? :at w\ld be suit$ to _! future pr(essions4 ,public s*ools efface ?is ru/icity1 & correct ! faults ( prov9cial dialect3 9 ?is po9t ( view !y are highly advantage\s4 ,we /rongly recomm5d x to su* p>5ts to s5d _! *ildr5 to l>ge public s*ools1 to ,rugby1 ,eton1 or ,we/m9/]2 n to any small s*ool2 mu* less to "o 9 _! own neighb\rhood4 ,small s*ools are apt to be fill$ ) p]sons ( ne>ly ! same /ations1 & out ( ! same neighb\rhood3 f ?is circum/ance1 !y contribute to p]petuate unc\? antiquat$ idioms1 & _m ( ^? obscure prejudices :i* cl\d ! intellect 9 ! future bus9ess ( life4 ,:il/ we admit ! necessity :i* compels ! l>ge/ portion ( society to pref] public sem9>ies ( education1 x is incumb5t ^u u to caution p>5ts f expect+ t ! moral "*1 ! und]/&+s1 or ! temp]s ( _! *ildr51 %\ld be improv$ at l>ge s*ools2 !re ! le>n$ languages1 we ackn[l$ge1 are successfully taught4 ,_m satisfy !mselves ) ! ass]tion1 t public education is ! lea/ tr\blesome1 t a boy once s5t to s*ool is settl$ = sev]al ye>s ( life1 & w require only %ort returns ( p>5tal c>e twice a ye> at ! holydays4 ,x is h>dly to be suppos$1 t ^? :o ?9k 9 ?is mann]1 %\ld h paid any anxi\s1 or at lea/ any judici\s att5tion to ! education ( _! *ildr51 previ\sly to s5d+ !m to s*ool4 ,x is n likely t !y %\ld be v solicit\s ab\t ! comm5cem5t ( an education :i* !y nev] meant to f9i%3 !y w\ld ?9k1 t :at c\ld be done dur+ ! fir/ few ye>s ( life1 is ( little consequ5ce2 t *ildr5 f f\r to sev5 ye>s old are too "y to be taught2 & t a s*ool w\ld spe$ily supply all defici5cies1 & correct all ^? faults :i* beg9 at t age to be tr\blesome at home4 ,?us to a public s*ool1 z to a g5]al infirm>y = m5tal disease1 all desp]ate subjects are s5t1 z ! la/ res\rce4 ,!y take ) !m ! contagion ( _! vices1 :i* quickly runs ?r\gh ! :ole tribe ( _! companions1 especially among/ ^? :o happ5 to be ne>ly ( _! own age1 ^: sympa?y peculi>ly exposes !m to ! dang] ( infection4 ,we are (t5 told1 t z "y p h ! /ronge/ sympa?y ) ea* o!r1 !y w le>n mo/ effectually f ea* o!r's example4 ,!y d le>n quickly f example1 & ?is is "o ( ! dang]s ( a public s*ool3 a dang] :i* is n necess>y1 b incid5tal2 a dang] aga9/ :i* no s*ool-ma/] c possibly gu>d1 b :i* p>5ts c1 by ! previ\s education ( ! pupils1 prev5t4 ,boys are l$1 driv51 or c>ri$ to s*ool2 & 9 a s*ool-room !y fir/ meet ) ^? :o are to be _! fell[ prison]s4 ,!y d n come ) fre% unprejudic$ m9ds to comm5ce _! c\rse ( social education2 !y br+ ) !m all ! ideas & habits :i* !y h already le>n$ at _! respective homes4 ,x is highly unreasonable to expect1 t all ^! habits %\ld be re=m$ by a public preceptor4 ,if he _h pati5ce1 h[ c\ld he h "t = su* an und]tak+8 ,^? :o h nev] attempt$ to break a pupil ( any "o bad habit1 h no idea ( ! degree ( pati5ce requisite to success4 ,we once he>d an (fic] ( dragoons ass]t1 t he w\ld r break tw5ty horses ( _! bad habits1 ?an "o man ( 84 ,! proportionate difficulty ( tea*+ boys1 may be easily calculat$4 ,x is sometimes ass]t$1 t ! novelty ( a s*ool life1 ! *ange ( situation1 alt]s ! habits1 & =ms 9 boys a new "*4 ,habits ( eight or n9e ye>s /&+1 _c be in/antane\sly1 p]haps c nev] be radically1 de/roy$2 !y w mix !mselves imp]ceptibly ) ! new ideas :i* are plant$ 9 _! m9ds1 & ?\gh ^! may /rike ! eye by ! rapidity ( _! gr[?1 ! o!rs1 :i* h tak5 a /rong root1 w n easily be dispossess$ ( ! soil4 ,9 ?is new "*1 z x is call$1 !re w1 to a disc]n+ eye1 appe> a /rong mixture ( ! old disposition4 ,! boy1 :o at home liv$ ) 8 fa!r's s]vants1 & 0 nev] taught to h any species ( lit]ature1 w n acquire a ta/e = x at s*ool1 m]ely by be+ compell$ to le>n 8 lessons2 ! boy1 :o at home 0 suff]$ to be ! little tyrant ( a family1 w1 x is true1 be =c$ to submit to sup]ior /r5g? or sup]ior numb]s at s*ool2#bi b does x improve ! temp] to practise alt]nately ! habits ( a tyrant & a slave8 ,! lesson :i* exp]i5ce usually tea*es to ! temp] ( a s*ool-boy1 is1 t /r5g?1 & p[]1 & cunn+1 w inevitably gov]n 9 society3 z to reason1 x is out ( ! "q1 x w\ld be hiss$ or laugh$ out ( ! company4 ,) respect to social virtues1 !y are commonly among/ s*ool-boys s mu* mix$ ) p>ty _s1 t !y mislead ev5 ! be/ dispositions4 ,a boy at home1 ^: pleasures are all imm$iately connect$ ) ! idea ( self1 w n feel a sudd5 enl>gem5t ( m9d f ent]+ a public s*ool4 ,he w1 probably1 pres]ve 8 selfi% "* 9 8 new society2 or1 ev5 suppose he cat*es t ( 8 companions1 ! progress is n great 9 moral education f selfi%ness to _s ( p>ty3 ! "o is a despicable1 ! o!r a dang]\s1 pr9ciple ( action4 ,x has be5 obs]v$1 t :at we are :5 we are tw5ty1 dep5ds on :at we 7 :5 we 7 t5 ye>s old4 ,:at a "y man is at college1 dep5ds ^u :at he 0 at s*ool2 & :at he is at s*ool1 dep5ds ^u :at he 0 be=e he w5t to s*ool4 ,9 8 fa!r's h\se1 ! fir/ important lessons1 ^? :i* decide 8 future abilities & "*1 mu/ be le>n$4 ,we h repeat$ ?is idea1 & plac$ x 9 diff]5t po9ts ( view1 9 hopes t x w cat* & fix ! att5tion4 ,suppose t p>5ts educat$ _! *ildr5 well = ! fir/ eight or n9e ye>s ( _! lives1 & !n s5t !m all to public sem9>ies1 :at a diff]5ce ?is mu/ imm$iately make 9 public education3 ! boys w\ld be dispos$ to improve !mselves ) all ! ard\r :i* ! mo/ sangu9e preceptor w\ld desire2 _! tutors w\ld f9d t !re 0 no?+ to be unle>n$2 no habits ( idl5ess to conqu]2 no p]v]se /upidity w\ld provoke !m2 no caprici\s contempt ( application w\ld appe> 9 pupils ( ! quicke/ abilities4 ,! moral education c\ld !n be made a "p ( ! preceptor's c>e1 ) "s hopes ( success2 ! pupils w\ld all h le>n$ ! fir/ necess>y moral pr9ciples & habits2 !y w\ld1 consequ5tly1 be all fit companions = ea* o!r2 9 ea* o!r's society !y w\ld cont9ue to be gov]n$ by ! same ideas ( "r & wrong by :i* !y _h be5 gov]n$ all _! lives2 !y w\ld n h any new "* to le>n2 !y w\ld improve1 by mix+ ) numb]s1 9 ! social virtues1 )\t le>n+ p>ty _s2 & ?\gh !y w\ld love _! companions1 !y w\ld n1 !re=e1 comb9e toge!r to treat _! in/ruct]s z p$agogues & tyrants4 ,?is may be ?\ght an ,utopian idea ( a s*ool2 inde$ x is v improbable1 t out ( ! numb]s ( p>5ts :o s5d _! *ildr5 to l>ge s*ools1 _m %\ld sudd5ly be mu* mov$1 by any ?+ t we c say1 to p]suade !m to take s]i\s tr\ble 9 _! previ\s in/ruction4 ,b mu* may be effect$ by gradual attempts4 ,t5 well educat$ boys1 s5t to a public sem9>y at n9e or t5 ye>s old1 w\ld1 probably1 f> surpass _! competitors 9 e respect2 !y w\ld inspire o!rs ) s mu* emulation1 w\ld d _! p>5ts & preceptors s mu* cr$it1 t numb]s w\ld eag]ly inquire into ! causes ( _! sup]iority2 & ^! boys w\ld1 p]haps1 d m good by _! example1 ?an by _! actual acquirem5ts4 ,we d n mean to promise1 t a boy judici\sly educat$1 %all appe> at t5 ye>s old a prodigy ( le>n+2 f> f x3 we %\ld n ev5 e/imate 8 capacity1 or ! *a9 ( 8 future progress1 by ! quantity ( k /or$ 9 8 memory1 by ! numb] ( ,lat9 l9es he _h got by rote1 by 8 exp]tness 9 repeat+ ! rules ( 8 gramm>1 by 8 po9t+ out a numb] ( places readily 9 a map1 or ev5 by 8 kn[+ ! latitude & longitude ( all ! capital cities 9 ,europe2 ^! are all useful articles ( k3 b !y are n ! te/ ( a good education4 ,we %\ld r1 if we 7 to exam9e a boy ( t5 ye>s old1 = ! cr$it ( 8 p>5ts1 produce pro(s ( 8 be+ able to reason accurately1 ( 8 quickness 9 inv5tion1 ( 8 habits ( indu/ry & application1 ( 8 hav+ le>n$ to g5]alize 8 ideas1 & to apply 8 obs]vations & 8 pr9ciples3 if we f\nd t he _h le>n$ all1 or any ( ^! ?+s1 we %\ld be 9 little pa9 ab\t gramm>1 or geography1 or ev5 ,lat92 we %\ld be tol]ably c]ta9 t he w\ld n long rema9 defici5t 9 any ( ^!2 we %\ld "k t he w\ld ov]take & surpass a competitor :o _h only be5 te*nically taught1 z c]ta9ly z t ! giant w\ld ov]take ! pant+ dw>f1 :o might h _m miles ! />t ( him 9 ! race4 ,we d n mean to say1 t a boy %\ld n be taught ! pr9ciples ( gramm>1 & "s k ( geography1 at ! same "t t 8 und]/&+ is cultivat$ 9 ! mo/ enl>g$ mann]3 ^! objects are n incompatible1 & we p>ticul>ly recomm5d x to p>5ts :o int5d to s5d _! *ildr5 to s*ool1 e>ly to give !m confid5ce 9 !mselves1 by secur+ ! rudim5ts ( lit]>y education2 o!rwise _! pupils1 ) a real sup]iority ( und]/&+1 may feel depress$1 & may1 p]haps1 be despis$1 :5 !y mix at a public s*ool ) numb]s :o w e/imate _! abilities m]ely by _! pr(ici5cy 9 p>ticul> /udies4 ,mr4 ,fr5d1#cj 9 recomm5d+ ! /udy ( ari?metic = "y p1 has v s5sibly rem>k$1 t boys br$ up 9 public s*ools1 are apt to comp>e !mselves ) ea* o!r m]ely z classical s*ol>s2 &1 :5 !y aft]w>ds g into ! _w excell5t ,greek & ,lat9 s*ol>s1 are mu* a/oni%$ to p]ceive1 t _m ( ! companions :om !y _h "u-valu$ at s*ool1 get be=e !m :5 !y come to actual bus9ess1 & to active life4 ,_m1 9 ! pursuit ( _! classical /udies1 h neglect$ all o!r k1 especially t ( ari?metic1 t useful1 ess5tial bran* ( k1 )\t :i* nei!r ! ab/ract sci5ces nor practical arts c be taught4 ,! precision :i* ! habit ( apply+ ! common rules ( ari?metic1 gives to ! und]/&+1 is highly advantage\s1 p>ticul>ly to "y p ( vivacity1 or1 z o!rs w\ld say1 ( g5ius4 ,! influ5ce :i* ! habit ( e/imat+ has ^u t "p ( ! moral "* call$ prud5ce1 is ( mat]ial consequ5ce4 ,we %all fur!r expla9 ^u ?is subject :5 we speak ( ! means ( tea*+ ari?metic & reason+ to *ildr52 we only m5tion ! g5]al ideas "h1 to induce intellig5t p>5ts to att5d e>ly to ^! p>ticul>s4 ,if !y mean to s5d _! *ildr5 to public classical s*ools1 x mu/ be peculi>ly advantage\s to tea* !m e>ly ! rudim5ts ( ari?metic1 & to give !m ! habit ( apply+ _! k 9 ! common bus9ess ( life4 ,we =be> to enum]ate o!r useful ?+s1 :i* might easily be taught to "y p be=e !y leave home1 because we d n wi% to t]rify ) ! appreh5sion1 t a p]plex+ v>iety ( ?+s are to be taught4 ,"o ?+ well taught1 is bett] ?an a hundr$ taught imp]fectly4 ,! effect ( ! pa9s :i* are tak5 9 ! fir/ n9e or t5 ye>s ( a *ild's life1 may n be app>5t imm$iately to ! view1 b x w gradually become visible4 ,to c>eless obs]v]s1 two boys ( n9e ye>s old1 :o h be5 v diff]5tly educat$1 may appe> ne>ly alike 9 abilities1 9 temp]1 & 9 ! promise ( future "*4 ,s5d !m bo? to a l>ge public s*ool1 let !m be plac$ 9 ! same new situation1 & expos$ to ! same trials1 ! diff]5ce w !n appe>3 ! diff]5ce 9 a few ye>s w be su* z to /rike e eye1 & p w wond] :at c h produc$ 9 s %ort a "t su* an amaz+ *ange4 ,9 ! ,h9doo art ( dye+1 ! same liquors communicate diff]5t col\rs to p>ticul> spots1 accord+ to ! sev]al bases previ\sly appli$3 to ! ignorant eye1 no diff]5ce is disc]nible 9 ! gr\nd1 nor c ! design be di/9ctly trac$ till ! air1 & light1 & op5 exposure1 br+ out ! bright & p]man5t col\rs to ! wond]+ eye ( ! spectator4 ,besides be/[+ "s att5tion ^u e>ly education1 p>5ts1 :o s5d _! *ildr5 to s*ool1 may mu* assi/ ! public preceptor by judici\s conduct t[>ds *ildr5 dur+ t portion ( ! ye> :i* is usually sp5t at home4#ca ,mi/ak5 p>5tal fondness1 delights to make ! p]iod ( "t :i* *ildr5 sp5d at home1 z /rik+ a contra/ z possible ) t :i* !y pass at s*ool4 ,! holydays are made a jubilee1 or r resemble ! ,saturnalia4 ,ev5 if p>5ts d n wi% to repres5t a s*ool-ma/] z a tyrant1 !y are by no means displeas$ to obs]ve1 t he is n ! fri5d or fav\rite ( _! *ildr54 ,!y put !mselves 9 mean competition ) him = _! affection1 in/ead ( co-op]at+ ) him 9 all 8 views = _! advantage4 ,h[ is x possible1 t any ma/] c long reta9 ! wi% or ! hope ( succe$+ 9 any plan ( education1 if he p]ceives t 8 pupils are b p>tially "u 8 gov]nm5t2 if 8 influ5ce ov] _! m9ds be c\nt]act$ f "t to "t by ! sup]ior influ5ce ( _! p>5ts8 ,an influ5ce :i* he mu/ n wi% to de/roy4 ,to him is left ! p[] to puni%1 x is true2 b p>5ts res]ve to !mselves ! privilege to rew>d4 ,! anci5ts did n suppose1 t ev5 ,jupit] c\ld gov]n ! _w )\t ! comm& ( pa9 & pleasure4 ,^u ! vases ne> 8 ?rone1 dep5d$ 8 influ5ce ov] mank9d4 ,& :at are ^! holyday delights8 ,& 9 :at consi/s p>5tal rew>ds8 ,9 dissipation & idl5ess4 ,) ^! are consequ5tly associat$ ! idea ( happ9ess & ! "n ( pleasure2 ! "n is (t5 suffici5t1 )\t ! reality4 ,dur+ ! vacation1 *ildr5 h a glimpse ( :at is call$ ! _w2 & !n are s5t back to _! prison ) heads full ( visions ( lib]ty1 & ) a second-sight ( ! bless$ lives :i* !y are to lead :5 !y h left s*ool = ev]4 ,:at man ( s5se1 :o has /udi$ ! human m9d1 :o kn[s t ! success ( any plan ( education mu/ dep5d ^u ! concurr5ce ( e p]son1 & e circum/ance1 = ye>s toge!r1 to ! same po9t1 w\ld und]take any ?+ m ?an ! p>tial in/ruction ( pupils1 ^: lead+ associations & habits mu/ be p]petually brok58 ,:5 ! "w ( s*ool is undone dur+ ! holydays1 :at h& c\ld h ! pati5ce p]petually to repair ! web8 ,dur+ ! vacations sp5t at home1 *ildr5 may be made extremely happy 9 ! society & 9 ! affections ( _! fri5ds1 b !y ne$ n be taught1 t idl5ess is pleasure3 on ! contr>y1 occupation %\ld1 by all possible me?ods1 be r5d]$ agreeable to !m2 _! s*ool acquisitions1 _! k & ta/e1 %\ld be drawn out 9 conv]sation1 & !y %\ld be made to feel ! value ( :at !y h be5 taught2 by ^! means1 !re w\ld be "s connection1 "s unity ( design1 pres]v$ 9 _! education4 ,_! s*ool-ma/]s & tutors %\ld nev] become ! !me ( insipid ridicule2 nor %\ld p>5ts ev] put _! influ5ce 9 competition ) t ( a preceptor3 on ! contr>y1 8 pupils %\ld uni=mly p]ceive1 t f 8 au?ority !re is no appeal1 except to ! sup]ior p[] ( reason1 :i* %\ld be ! av[$ arbit] to :i* all %\ld be submitt$4 ,"s ( ! dang]\s effects ( t mix$ society at s*ools1 ( :i* we h compla9$1 may be c\nt]act$ by ! judici\s conduct ( p>5ts dur+ ! "t :i* *ildr5 sp5d at home4 ,a bett] view ( society1 m enl>g$ ideas ( fri5d%ip & ( ju/ice1 may be giv5 to "y p1 & ! vile pr9ciple ( p>ty _s may be treat$ ) j contempt & ridicule4 ,"s /&>d1 "s rules may be taught to !m1 by :i* !y may judge ( "* indep5d5tly ( prejudice1 or *ildi% prepossession4 ,i d n l y1 ,doctor ,fell2 ,! reason :y1 ,i _c tell3 ,b ?is ,i "k full well1 ,i d n l y1 ,doctor ,fell-- is an exact specim5 ( ! usual mode ( reason+1 ( ! usual me?od 9 :i* an ill educat$ s*ool-boy expresses 8 op9ion & feel+s ab\t all p]sons1 & all ?+s4 ,! reason :y1 %\ld always be inquir$ :5ev] *ildr5 express pref]5ce or av]sion4 ,to connect ! idea ( *ildhood ) t ( inf]iority & contempt1 is unju/ & impolitic2 x %\ld n be made a reproa* to "y p to be "y1 nor %\ld x be po9t$ out to !m1 t :5 !y are "s ye>s old]1 !y w be m respect$2 ! degree ( respect :i* !y really comm&1 :e!r 9 y\? or age1 w dep5d ^u _! own conduct1 _! k1 & _! p[]s ( be+ useful & agreeable to o!rs4 ,if !y are conv9c$ ( ?is1 *ildr5 w n at eight ye>s old long to be fifte51 or at fifte5 to be "o & tw5ty2 prop] subord9ation w\ld be pres]v$1 & ! scale ( happ9ess w\ld n h a =c$ & false connection ) t ( age4 ,if p>5ts did n fir/ excite fooli% wi%es 9 ! m9ds ( _! *ildr51 & !n imprud5tly promise t ^! wi%es %all be gratifi$ at c]ta9 p]iods ( _! exi/5ce1 *ildr5 w\ld n be impati5t to pass ov] ! ye>s ( *ildhood2 ^? ye>s :i* idle boys wi% to pass ov] z quickly z possible1 m5 )\t occupation regret z ! happie/ ( _! exi/5ce4 ,to a *ild1 :o has be5 promis$ t he %all put on manly app>el on 8 next bir?day1 ! pace ( "t is sl[ & heavy until t happy era arrive4 ,fix ! day :5 a boy %all leave s*ool1 & he wi%es in/antly to m\nt ! *>iot1 & la% ! horses ( ! sun4 ,nor :5 he ent]s ! _w1 w 8 re/less _s be satisfi$2 ! fir/ /ep ga9$1 he looks anxi\sly =w>d to ! height ( manly elevation1 ,& ! brisk m9or pants = tw5ty-"o ,^! juv5ile anticipations dim9i% ! real happ9ess ( life2 ^? :o are 9 cont9ual expectation1 nev] enjoy ! pres5t2 ! habit ( expectation is dang]\s to ! m9d1 x susp5ds all indu/ry1 all volunt>y ex]tion4 ,"y m51 :o e>ly acquire ?is habit1 f9d exi/5ce insipid to !m )\t ! imm$iate /imuli ( hope & fe>3 no matt] :at ! object is1 !y mu/ h some?+ to sigh =2 a curricle1 a cockade1 or an op]a-danc]4 ,mu* may be done by education to prev5t ?is boyi% re/lessness4 ,p>5ts %\ld refra9 f ^? imprud5t promises1 & slight inu5does1 :i* ! y\?ful imag9ation always misund]/&s & exagg]ates4--,nev] let ! mom5t 9 :i* a "y man quits a sem9>y ( education1 be repres5t$ z a mom5t 9 :i* all in/ruction1 lab\r1 & re/ra9ts1 cease4 ,! idea1 t he mu/ re/ra9 & in/ruct himself1 t he mu/ complete 8 own education1 %\ld be excit$ 9 a "y man's m9d2 nor %\ld he be suff]$ to imag9e t 8 education is f9i%$1 because he has atta9$ to "s giv5 age4 ,:5 a common s*ool-boy bids adieu to t s*ool :i* he has be5 taught to consid] z a prison1 he exults 9 8 escape f books & ma/]s1 & f all ! moral & intellectual discipl9e1 to :i* he imag9es t x is ! peculi> disgrace & mis]y ( *ildhood to be condemn$4 ,he is impati5t to be ?\ght a man1 b 8 ideas ( ! manly "* are errone\s1 consequ5tly 8 ambition w only mislead him4 ,f 8 companions :il/ at s*ool1 f 8 fa!r's acqua9tance1 & 8 fa!r's s]vants1 ) :om he has be5 suff]$ to consort dur+ ! vacations1 he has collect$ imp]fect notions ( life1 fa%ion1 & society4 ,^! d n mix well 9 8 m9d ) ! examples & precepts ( ,greek & ,roman virtue3 a tempor>y en?usiasm may h be5 k9dl$ 9 8 s\l by ! eloqu5ce ( antiquity2 b1 = want ( sympa?y1 ?is en?usiasm necess>ily dies away4 ,8 h]oes are n ! h]oes ( ! pres5t times2 ! maxims ( 8 sages are n easily introduc$ into ! conv]sation ( ! day4 ,at ! tea-table he n[ seldom he>s ev5 ! "n ( ,plato2 & he (t5 blu%es = n kn[+ a l9e f a popul> ,engli% poet1 :il/ he c\ld repeat a c5to f ,horace1 ,virgil1 & ,hom]2 or an anti/rophe f s*ylus or ,euripides4 ,he feels a%am$ to produce ! k he has acquir$1 because he has n le>n$ suffici5t address to produce x )\t p$antry4 ,on 8 entrance into ! _w1 !re rema9s 9 8 m9d no grateful1 no affectionate1 no respectful remembrance ( ^? "u ^: c>e he has pass$ s _m ye>s ( 8 life4 ,he has escap$ f ! re/ra9ts impos$ by 8 s*ool-ma/]1 & ! connection is dissolv$ = ev]4 ,b :5 a son sep>ates f 8 fa!r1 if he has be5 well educat$1 he wi%es to cont9ue 8 own education3 ! c\rse ( 8 ideas is n sudd5ly brok52 :at he has be51 jo9s imm$iately ) :at he is to be2 8 k applies to real life1 x is su* z he c use 9 all companies2 !re is no sudd5 metamorphosis 9 any ( ! objects ( 8 ambition2 ! boy & man are ! same individual4 ,pleasure w n influ5ce him m]ely by h] "n1 or by ! contra/ ( h] appe>ance ) ! rigid discipl9e ( s*ola/ic le>n+2 he w feel ! diff]5ce betwe5 pleasure & happ9ess1 & 8 e>ly ta/e = dome/ic life w rema9 or return ^u 8 m9d4 ,8 old precepts & new motives are n at w> ) ea* o!r2 8 exp]i5ce w confirm 8 education1 & ext]nal circum/ances w call =? 8 lat5t virtues4 ,:5 he looks back1 he c trace ! gradual gr[? ( 8 k2 :5 he looks =w>d1 x is ) ! delightful hope ( progressive improvem5t4 ,a desire 9 "s degree to repay ! c>e1 to des]ve ! e/eem1 to fulfil ! animat+ prophecies1 or to ju/ify ! fond hopes ( ! p>5t :o has wat*$ ov] 8 education1 is "o ( ! /ronge/ motives to an +5u\s "y man2 x is an inc5tive to ex]tion 9 e hon\rable pursuit4 ,a son :o has be5 judici\sly & k9dly educat$1 w feel ! value ( 8 fa!r's fri5d%ip4 ,! p]ception1 t no man c be m entirely int]e/$ 9 e ?+ t conc]ns him1 ! idea1 t no "o m ?an 8 fa!r c %>e 9 8 glory or 9 8 disgrace1 w press ^u 8 he>t1 w re/ ^u 8 und]/&+4 ,^u ^! ideas1 ^u ?is common family int]e/1 ! real /r5g? ( ! connection betwe5 a fa!r & 8 son dep5ds4 ,no public preceptor c h ! same advantages2 8 connection ) 8 pupil is n necess>ily =m$ to la/4 ,aft] hav+ spok5 ) fre$om1 b we hope ) mod]ation1 ( public s*ools1 we may1 p]haps1 be ask$ our op9ion ( univ]sities4 ,are univ]sities ! mo/ spl5did repositories ( le>n+8 ,we are n afraid to decl>e an op9ion 9 ! negative4 ,smi?1 9 8 ,weal? ( ,nations1 has /at$ "s objections to !m1 we ?9k1 ) unansw]able =ce ( reason+4 ,we d n1 h[ev]1 wi% to de/roy :at we d n entirely approve4 ,f> be t insanity f our m9ds :i* w\ld1 l ,orl&o1 te> up ! academic groves2 ! madness ( innovation is z de/ructive z ! bigotry ( anci5t e/abli%m5ts4 ,! le>n+ & ! views ( ! ris+ c5tury mu/ h diff]5t objects f ^? ( ! wisdom & b5evol5ce ( ,alfr$1 ,bal%am1 or ,wolsey2 &1 )\t depreciat+ or de/roy+ ! magnific5ce or e/abli%m5ts ( univ]sities1 may n _! in/itutions be improv$8 ,may n _! spl5did halls e*o ) o!r s\nds ?an ! explod$ metaphysics ( ! s*ools8 ,& may n o!r le>n+ be z mu* rew>d$ & e/eem$ z pure lat9ity8 ,we mu/ "h di/9ctly po9t out1 t "y m5 design$ = ! army or ! navy1 %\ld n be educat$ 9 private families4 ,! dome/ic habits1 ! le>n$ leisure ( private education1 are unsuit$ to !m2 x w\ld be absurd to wa/e _m ye>s 9 tea*+ !m ! elegancies ( classic lit]ature1 :i* c probably be ( no ess5tial use to !m2 x w\ld be cruel to give !m a nice & ref9$ *oice ( "r & wrong1 :5 x w be _! pr(essional duty to act "u ! comm& ( o!rs2 :5 implicit1 prompt1 unque/ion+ ob$i5ce mu/ be _! fir/ milit>y virtue4 ,milit>y academies1 :]e ! sci5ces practically ess5tial to ! pr(essions are taught1 mu/ be ! be/ situations = all "y sailors & soldi]s2 /rict in/itution is ! be/ education = !m4 ,we d n "h inquire h[ f> ^! pr(essions are necess>y 9 society2 x is obvi\s1 t 9 ! pres5t /ate ( ,european cultivation1 soldi]s & sailors are indisp5sable to e nation4 ,we hope1 h[ev]1 t a ta/e = peace may1 at "s future p]iod 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w1 succe$ to ! passion = milit>y glory2 & 9 ! mean "t1 we may safely recomm5d x to p>5ts1 nev] to tru/ a "y man design$ = a soldi]1 to ! c>e ( a philosoph]1 ev5 if x 7 possible to f9d "o :o w\ld und]take ! *>ge4 ,we hope t we h %[n ourselves ! fri5ds ( ! public preceptor1 t we h po9t$ out ! practicable means ( improv+ public in/itutions by p>5tal c>e & p>5tal co-op]ation4 ,b1 until su* a meliorat+ plan %all actually h be5 c>ri$ into effect1 we _c hesitate to ass]t1 t ev5 :5 ! abilities ( ! p>5t are inf]i\r to ^? ( ! public preceptor1 ! means ( ensur+ success prepond]ate 9 fav\r ( private education4 ,a fa!r1 :o has "t1 tal5ts1 & temp]1 to educate 8 family1 is c]ta9ly ! be/ possible preceptor2 & 8 rew>d w be ! highe/ degree ( dome/ic felicity4 ,if1 f 8 situation1 he is oblig$ to =ego ?is rew>d1 he may select "s man ( lit]ature1 s5se1 & integrity1 to :om he c confide 8 *ildr54 ,opul5t families %\ld n ?9k any rew>d too munific5t = su* a private preceptor4 ,ev5 9 an economic po9t ( view1 x is prud5t to calculate h[ _m ?\s&s lavi%$ on ! turf1 or lo/ at ! gam+ table1 might h be5 sav$ to ! heirs ( noble & weal?y families by a judici\s education4 ,,footnotes3 #bi ,v4 ,b>ne's ,essay on public & private education4 ,man*e/] ,society4 #cj ,v4 ,mr4 ,fr5d's ,pr9ciples ( ,algebra4 #ca ,v4 ,williams's ,lectures on ,education4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,on ,,female ,,accompli%m5ts1 ,,ma/]s1 ,,& ,,gov]nesses4 ,"s ye>s ago1 an op]a danc] at ,lyon's1 ^: *>ms 7 ^u ! wane1 appli$ to an ,engli% g5tleman = a recomm5dation to "s ( 8 fri5ds 9 ,engl&1 z a gov]ness = "y ladies4 ,d y d\bt1 said ! lady 7obs]v+ t ! g5tleman 0 some:at conf\nd$ by ! easy assurance ( h] reque/7 d y d\bt my capability8 ,d ,i n speak good ,p>isian ,fr5*8 ,h ,i any prov9cial acc5t8 ,i w und]take to tea* ! language grammatically4 ,& = music & danc+1 )\t vanity1 may ,i n pret5d to tea* !m to any "y p]son8 ,! lady's excell5ce 9 all ^! p>ticul>s 0 unque/ionable4 ,%e 0 beyond dispute a highly accompli%$ woman4 ,press$ by h] =cible int]rogatories1 ! g5tleman 0 compell$ to h9t1 t an ,engli% "m ( a family might be inconv5i5tly inquisitive ab\t ! private hi/ory ( a p]son :o 0 to educate h] daught]s4 ,oh1 said ! lady1 ,i c *ange my "n2 &1 at my age1 nobody w make fur!r inquiries4 ,be=e we c det]m9e h[ f> ?is lady's pret5sions 7 ill f\nd$1 & be=e we c exactly decide :at qualifications are mo/ desirable 9 a gov]ness1 we mu/ =m "s e/imate ( ! positive & relative value ( :at are call$ accompli%m5ts4 ,we are n go+ to attack any ( !m ) cynical asp]ity1 or ) ! ambition to e/abli% any new dogmatical t5ets 9 ! place ( old receiv$ op9ions4 ,x c1 h[ev]1 d no h>m to discuss ?is important subject ) prop] rev]5ce & humility4 ,)\t al>m+ ^? mo!rs1 :o decl>e !mselves above all ?+s anxi\s = ! rapid progress ( _! daught]s 9 e fa%ionable accompli%m5t1 x may be innoc5tly ask$1 :at price su* mo!rs are will+ to pay = ^! advantages4 ,any price )9 ! limits ( our =tune6 !y w probably exclaim4 ,!re are o!r /&>ds by :i* we c measure ! value ( objects1 z well z by money4 ,fond "m1 w\ld y1 if x 7 9 y\r p[]1 accept ( an op]a danc] = y\r daught]'s gov]ness1 ^u condition t y %\ld live to see t daught] dance ! be/ m9uet at a bir?-night ball8 ,n = ! _w1 replies ! "m4 ,d y ?9k ,i w\ld haz>d my daught]'s innoc5ce & reputation1 = ! sake ( see+ h] dance a good m9uet8 ,%ock+6 ,absurd6 ,:at c y mean by su* an outrage\s "q8 ,to fix y\r att5tion4 ,:]e ! m9d has n precisely asc]ta9$ its wi%es1 x is sometimes useful to consid] extremes2 by det]m9+ :at price y w n pay1 we %all at l5g? asc]ta9 ! value :i* y set ^u ! object4 ,reputation & innoc5ce1 y say1 y w n1 ^u any acc\nt1 haz>d4 ,b w\ld y cons5t t y\r daught] %\ld1 by univ]sal acclamation1 be proclaim$ ! mo/ accompli%$ woman 9 ,europe1 ^u ! simple condition1 t %e %\ld pass h] days 9 a nunn]y8 ,i %\ld h no "r to make su* a condition2 dome/ic happ9ess ,i ought c]ta9ly to pref] to public admiration = my daught]4 ,h] accompli%m5ts w\ld be ( little use to h]1 if %e 7 to be %ut up f ! _w3 :o is to be ! judge ( !m 9 a nunn]y8 ,i w say no m ab\t ! nunn]y4 ,b w\ld n y1 z a good "m1 cons5t to h y\r daught] turn$ into an automaton = eight h\rs 9 e day = fifte5 ye>s1 = ! promise ( he>+ h]1 at ! end ( t "t1 pron\nc$ ! fir/ private p]=m] at ! mo/ fa%ionable & mo/ cr[d$ conc]t 9 ,london8 ,eight h\rs a day = fifte5 ye>s1 are too mu*4 ,no "o ne$ practise s mu* to become ! fir/ p]=m] 9 ,engl&4 ,t is ano!r "q4 ,y h n told me :e!r y w\ld sacrifice s mu* ( y\r daught]'s exi/5ce = su* an object1 suppos+ t y c\ld obta9 x at no o!r price4 ,= "o conc]t8 says ! hesitat+ "m2 ,i ?9k x w\ld be too high a price4 ,yet ,i w\ld give any ?+ to h my daught] play bett] ?an any "o 9 ,engl&4 ,:at a di/9ction6 ,%e w\ld be imm$iately tak5 notice ( 9 all companies6 ,%e might get into ! fir/ circles 9 ,london6 ,%e w\ld want nei!r beauty nor =tune to recomm5d h]6 ,%e w\ld be a mat* = any man1 :o has any ta/e = music6 ,& music is univ]sally admir$1 ev5 by ^? :o h ! mis=tune to h no ta/e = x4 ,besides1 x is su* an elegant accompli%m5t 9 itself6 ,su* a con/ant s\rce ( innoc5t amusem5t6 ,putt+ e ?+ else out ( ! "q1 ,i %\ld wi% my daught] to h e possible accompli%m5t1 because accompli%m5ts are su* *>m+ res\rces = "y wom52 !y keep !m out ( h>m's way2 !y make a va/ deal ( _! idle "t pass s pleasantly to !mselves & o!rs6 ,?is is my *ief reason = lik+ !m4 ,"h are s _m reasons br\ght toge!r at once1 along ) ! *ief reason1 t !y are altoge!r unansw]able2 we mu/ sep>ate1 class1 & consid] !m "o at a "t4 ,accompli%m5ts1 x seems1 are valuable1 z be+ ! objects ( univ]sal admiration4 ,"s accompli%m5ts h ano!r species ( value1 z !y are tickets ( admission to fa%ionable company4 ,accompli%m5ts h ano!r1 & a high] species ( value1 z !y are suppos$ to increase a "y lady's *ance ( a prize 9 ! matrimonial lott]y4 ,accompli%m5ts h also a value z res\rces aga9/ ennui1 z !y af=d cont9ual amusem5t & innoc5t occupation4 ,?is is o/5sibly _! *ief praise2 x des]ves to be consid]$ ) respect4 ,false & odi\s mu/ be t philosophy :i* w\ld de/roy any "o ( ! innoc5t pleasures ( our exi/5ce4 ,no rew>d 0 ?\ght too high = ! inv5tion ( a new pleasure2 no puni%m5t w\ld be ?\ght too sev]e = ^? :o w\ld de/roy an old "o4 ,wom5 are peculi>ly re/ra9$ 9 _! situation1 & 9 _! employm5ts1 by ! cu/oms ( society3 to dim9i% ! numb] ( ^! employm5ts1 !re=e1 w\ld be cruel2 !y %\ld r be enc\rag$1 by all means1 to cultivate ^? ta/es :i* c atta* !m to _! home1 & :i* c pres]ve !m f ! mis]ies ( dissipation4 ,e s$5t>y occupation mu/ be valuable to ^? :o are to lead s$5t>y lives2 & e art1 h[ev] trifl+ 9 itself1 :i* t5ds to enliv5 & embelli% dome/ic life1 mu/ be advantage\s1 n only to ! female sex1 b to society 9 g5]al4 ,z f> z accompli%m5ts c contribute to all or any ( ^! excell5t purposes1 !y mu/ be j objects ( att5tion 9 e>ly education4 ,a numb] ( exp]im5ts h already be5 tri$2 let u exam9e ! result4 ,out ( ! prodigi\s numb] ( "y wom5 :o le>n music & draw+1 = in/ance1 h[ _m are !re1 :o1 aft] !y become mi/resses ( _! own "t1 & aft] !y h ! *oice ( _! own amusem5ts1 cont9ue to practise ^! accompli%m5ts = ! pure pleasure ( occupation8 ,z soon z a "y lady is m>ri$1 does %e n frequ5tly discov]1 t %e really has n leisure to cultivate tal5ts :i* take up s mu* "t8 ,does %e n compla9 ( ! lab\r ( practis+ f\r or five h\rs a day to keep up h] musical "*8 ,:at motive has %e = p]sev]ance8 ,%e is1 p]haps1 already tir$ ( play+ to all h] acqua9tance4 ,%e may really take pleasure 9 he>+ good music2 b h] own p]=mance w n !n please h] e> s mu* z t ( _m o!rs4 ,%e w pref] ! m indol5t pleasure ( he>+ ! be/ music t c be he>d = money at public conc]ts4 ,%e w !n ( c\rse leave (f play+1 b cont9ue v fond ( music4 ,h[ (t5 is ! lab\r ( ye>s ?us lo/ = ev]6 ,^? :o h excell$ 9 draw+1 d n appe> to ab&on ! occupation s sudd5ly2 x does n dem& su* an inord9ate quantity ( "t to keep up ! tal5t2 ! ex]tion ( ! imitative p[]s ) app>5t success1 is agreeable2 ! employm5t is progressive1 &1 !re=e1 ! m9d is c>ri$ on to complete :at has be5 begun4 ,indep5d5tly ( all applause1 :i* may be expect$ = ! p]=mance1 !re is a pleasure 9 go+ on ) ! "w4 ,b sett+ aside en?usiasm & habit1 ! probability t any s5sible p]son w cont9ue to pursue a giv5 employm5t1 mu/ dep5d1 9 a great measure1 ^u _! own conviction ( its utility1 or ( its be+ agreeable to ^? :om !y wi% to please4 ,! pleasure :i* a lady's fri5ds receive f h] draw+s1 arises *iefly f ! p]ception ( _! comp>ative excell5ce4 ,comp>ative excell5ce is all to :i* g5tlewom5 arti/s usually pret5d1 all to :i* !y expect to atta92 positive excell5ce is sc>cely atta9$ by "o 9 a hundr$4 ,comp>$ ) ! p]=mances ( o!r "y ladies ( _! acqua9tance1 ! draw+s ( ,miss ,x or ,y may be ju/ly consid]$ z *>m+6 admirable6 & a/oni%+6 ,b !re are few draw+s by "y ladies :i* c be comp>$ ) ^? ( a pr(ess$ arti/4 ,! wi%es ( oblig+ fri5ds are satisfi$ ) a few draw+s 9 h&some frames1 to be hung up = ! "y lady's cr$it2 & :5 x is all[$ among/ _! acqua9tance1 t %e draws 9 a sup]ior /yle1 ! purpose ( ?is "p ( h] education is satisfactorily answ]$4 ,we d n "h speak ( ^? few individuals :o really excel 9 draw+1 :o h le>nt some?+ m ?an ! common r\t9e :i* is usually le>nt f a draw+ ma/]1 :o h acquir$ an agreeable1 tal5t1 n = ! m]e purpose ( exhibit+ !mselves1 b = ! sake ( ! occupation x af=ds1 & ! pleasure x may give to _! fri5ds4 ,we h ! pleasure ( kn[+ "s :o exactly answ] to ?is description1 & :o mu/ feel !mselves di/9ct & hon\rable exceptions to ^! g5]al obs]vations4 ,f :atev] cause x arises1 we may obs]ve1 t aft] "y wom5 are settl$ 9 life1 _! ta/e = draw+ & music gradually decl9es4 ,= ?is fact1 we c appeal only to ! recollection ( individuals4 ,we may h5ce =m "s e/imate ( ! real value :i* ought to be put ^u :at are call$ accompli%m5ts1 consid]$ z occupations4 ,h5ce we may also conclude1 t p>5ts d n =m _! judgm5ts f ! facts :i* !y see e day 9 real life2 or else may we n inf]1 t !y deceive !mselves z to _! own motives2 & t1 among/ ! reasons :i* make !m s anxi\s ab\t ! accompli%m5ts ( _! daught]s1 !re are "s secret motives m p[]ful ?an ^? :i* are usually op5ly ackn[l$g$8 ,x is admitt$ 9 ! cab9et c\ncil ( mo!rs1 t "s %>e ( ! value ( accompli%m5ts dep5ds ^u ! dem& = !m 9 ! fa%ionable _w4 ,a "y lady1 !y say1 is nobody1 & no?+1 )\t accompli%m5ts2 !y are z necess>y to h] z a =tune3 !y are inde$ consid]$ z "p ( h] =tune1 & sometimes are ev5 f\nd to supply ! place ( x4 ,next to beauty1 !y are ! be/ tickets ( admission into society :i* %e c produce2 & e body kn[s1 t on ! company %e keeps1 dep5ds ! *ance ( a "y woman's settl+ advantage\sly 9 ! _w4 ,to judge ( :at w please & atta* m5 ( sup]ior s5se & *>act]s--we are n q c]ta9 t ^! are ! m5 :o are to be consid]$ fir/1 :5 we speak ( a "y lady's settl+ advantage\sly 9 ! _w2 b we w take ?is = grant$--to judge ( :at w please & atta* m5 ( sup]ior s5se & *>act]s1 we mu/ obs]ve _! actual conduct 9 life1 & li/5 to _! speculative op9ions4 ,sup]ficial accompli%m5ts d n appe> to be ! objects ( _! pref]5ce4 ,9 enum]at+ ! p]fections ( 8 wife1 or 9 retrac+ ! progress ( 8 love1 does a man ( s5se dwell ^u 8 mi/ress's skill 9 draw+1 or danc+1 or music8 ,no4 ,^!1 he tells y1 are extremely agreeable tal5ts1 b !y c\ld h nev] atta*$ him2 !y are subord9ate p>ts 9 h] "*2 he is angry t y c rank !m among/ h] p]fections2 he kn[s t a ?\s& wom5 possess ^! accompli%m5ts1 :o h nev] t\*$ 8 he>t4 ,he does n1 p]haps1 d5y1 t 9 ,*loe1 altoge!r1 !y h p[] to please1 b he does n ?9k !m ess5tial to h] p[]4 ,! op9ion ( wom51 :o h se5 a good deal ( ! _w1 is wor? att5d+ to ^u ?is subject2 especially if we c obta9 x :5 _! passions are :olly un9t]e/$ 9 _! decision4 ,:atev] may be ! judgm5t ( individuals conc]n+ ! "* & politics ( ! celebrat$ ,madame ,rol&1 h] op9ion z a woman ( abilities1 & a woman :o _h se5 a v>iety ( life1 w be ?\ght des]v+ ( att5tion4 ,h] book 0 writt5 at a "t :5 %e 0 9 daily expectation ( dea?1 :5 %e c\ld h no motive to conceal h] real s5tim5ts ^u any subject4 ,%e gives an acc\nt ( h] employm5ts 9 prison1 &1 among/ o!rs1 m5tions music & draw+4 ,i !n employ$ myself 9 draw+ till d9n] "t4 ,i _h s long be5 out ( ! habit ( us+ a p5cil1 t ,i c\ld n expect to be v dext]\s2 b we commonly reta9 ! p[] ( repeat+ ) pleasure1 or at lea/ ( attempt+ ) ease1 :atev] we h successfully practis$ 9 our y\?4 ,!re=e ! /udy ( ! f9e arts1 consid]$ z a "p ( female education1 %\ld be att5d$ to1 mu* less ) a view to ! acquisition ( sup]ior tal5ts1 ?an ) a desire to give wom5 a ta/e = indu/ry1 ! habit ( application1 & a great] v>iety ( employm5ts2 = ^! assi/ u to escape f ennui1 ! mo/ cruel disease ( civiliz$ society2 by ^! we are pres]v$ f ! dang]s ( vice1 & ev5 f ^? s$uctions :i* are f> m likely to lead u a/ray4 ,i w\ld n make my daught] a p]=m]4#cb ,i rememb]1 t my "m 0 afraid t ,i %\ld become a great musician1 or t ,i %\ld h devot$ myself entirely to pa9t+3 %e wi%$ t ,i %\ld1 above all o!r ?+s1 love ! duties ( my sex3 t ,i %\ld be a good economi/1 a good mi/ress1 z well z a good "m ( a family4 ,i wi% my ,eudora to be able to accompany h] voice agreeably on ! h>p4 ,i wi% t %e may play agreeably on ! piano-=te2 t %e may "k en\gh ( draw+1 to feel pleasure f ! sight & f ! exam9ation ( ! f9e/ pictures ( ! great pa9t]s2 t %e may be able to draw a fl[] t happ5s to please h]2 & t %e may unite 9 h] dress elegance & simplicity4 ,i %\ld wi% t h] tal5ts might be su*1 t !y %\ld nei!r excite ! admiration ( o!rs1 nor inspire h] ) vanity2 ,i %\ld wi% t %e %\ld please by ! g5]al effect ( h] :ole "*1 )\t ev] /rik+ any body ) a/oni%m5t at fir/ sight2 & t %e %\ld atta* by h] good qualities1 r ?an %9e by h] accompli%m5ts4 ,wom5 _c =esee :at may be ! ta/es ( ! individuals ) :om !y are to pass _! lives4 ,_! own ta/es %\ld n1 !re=e1 be e>ly decid$2 !y %\ld1 if possible1 be s educat$ t !y may atta9 any tal5t 9 p]fection :i* !y may desire1 or :i* _! circum/ances may r5d] necess>y4 ,if1 = in/ance1 a woman 7 to m>ry a man :o 0 fond ( music1 or :o admir$ pa9t+1 %e %\ld be able to cultivate ^! tal5ts = 8 amusem5t & h] own4 ,if he be a man ( s5se & feel+1 he w be m pleas$ ) ! motive ?an ) ! ?+ t is actually done4 ,b if x be urg$1 t all wom5 _c expect to m>ry m5 ( s5se & feel+2 & if we are told1 t nev]!less !y mu/ look to an advantage\s e/abli%m5t1 we mu/ conclude1 t m5 ( rank & =tune are meant by t compreh5sive phrase4 ,ano!r set ( argum5ts mu/ be us$ to ^? :o speculate on _! daught]s accompli%m5ts 9 ?is l9e4 ,!y h1 p]haps1 se5 "s in/ances ( :at !y call success2 !y h se5 "s "y wom5 ( _! acqua9tance1 ^: accompli%m5ts h attract$ m5 ( =tune sup]ior to _! own2 consequ5tly1 mat]nal t5d]ness is awak5$1 & _m mo!rs are sangu9e 9 _! expectations ( ! effect ( _! daught]s education4 ,b !y =get t e body n[ makes ! same reflections1 t p>5ts are1 & h be5 = "s ye>s1 speculat+ 9 ! same l9e2 consequ5tly1 ! m>ket is likely to be ov]/ock$1 &1 ( c\rse1 ! value ( ! commodities mu/ fall4 ,e "y lady 7& e "y woman is n[ a "y lady7 has "s pret5sions to accompli%m5ts4 ,%e draws a little2 or %e plays a little1 or %e speaks ,fr5* a little4 ,ev5 ! blue-bo>d bo>d+ s*ools1 ridicul$ by ,miss ,allscript 9 ! ,heiress1 pr(ess to p]fect "y ladies 9 "s or all ( ^! necess>y p>ts ( education4 ,/op at any good inn on ! ,london roads1 & y w probably f9d t ! l&lady's daught] c %[ y "s ( h] own fram$ draw+s1 c play a tune ^u h] sp9net1 or support a dialogue 9 ,fr5* ( a reasonable l5g?1 9 ! cu/om>y que/ions & answ]s4 ,n[ x is ! practice 9 high life to und]value1 & avoid z mu* z possible1 e ?+ :i* desc5ds to ! inf]i\r classes ( society4 ,! dress ( to-day is unfa%ionable to-morr[1 because e body we>s x4 ,! dress is n pref]r$ because x is pretty or useful1 b because x is ! di/9ction ( well br$ p4 ,9 ! same mann] accompli%m5ts h lo/ mu* ( t value :i* !y acquir$ f op9ion1 s9ce !y h become common4 ,!y are n[ s common1 t !y _c be consid]$ z ! di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ics ( ev5 a g5tlewoman's education4 ,! high] classes 9 life1 & ^? individuals :o aim at di/9ction1 n[ e/abli% ano!r species ( monopoly1 & secure to !mselves a c]ta9 set ( exp5sive ma/]s 9 music1 draw+1 danc+1 c4 & !y endeav\r to believe1 & to make o!rs believe1 t no "o c be well educat$ )\t hav+ s]v$ an appr5tice%ip ( s _m lessons "u "s ( ^! privileg$ ma/]s4 ,b x is 9 va9 t !y intr5* !mselves1 !y are pursu$ by ! intrusive vulg>4 ,9 a weal?y1 m]cantile nation1 !re is no?+ :i* c be b\ght = money1 :i* w long cont9ue to be an envi$ di/9ction4 ,! hope ( atta9+ to t degree ( em95ce 9 ! f9e arts :i* really des]ves celebrity1 becomes e day m difficult to private practition]s1 because ! numb] ( competitors daily increases2 & x is ! int]e/ ( ma/]s to =w>d _! pupils by e possible means4 ,bo? g5ius & p]sev]ance mu/ n[ be unit$ to obta9 ! prize ( di/9ction2 & h[ seldom are !y f\nd1 or kept toge!r1 9 ! common c\rse ( education6 ,consid]+ all ^! circum/ances1 is n !re "s reason to appreh5d1 t 9 a few ye>s ! ta/e = sev]al fa%ionable app5dages ( female education1 may *ange1 & t ^? w consequ5tly be treat$ ) neglect1 :o h no o!r claim to public reg>d1 ?an _! pr(ici5cy 9 :at may1 p]haps1 !n be ?\ght vulg> or obsolete accompli%m5ts8 ,our great gr&mo!rs di/+ui%$ !mselves by truly sub/antial t5t-"w *airs & c>pets1 by ne$le-"w pictures ( ,solomon & ! que5 ( ,%eba4 ,^! 7 admirable 9 _! day1 b _! day is ov]2 & ^! useful1 +5i\s1 & labori\s specim5s ( female tal5ts1 are consign$ to ! g>ret1 or !y are produc$ b z curiosities1 to excite wond] at ! /range pati5ce & mis]able de/9y ( =m] g5]ations3 ! ta/e = tape/ry & embroid]y is ?us pa/2 ! long lab\rs ( ! loom h ceas$4 ,clo?-"w1 crape-"w1 *5ille-"w1 ribbon-"w1 waf]-"w1 ) a long tra9 ( etcet]as1 h all pass$ away 9 our own memory2 yet ^! conf]r$ mu* evanesc5t fame1 & a proportional quantity ( va9 emulation4 ,a ta/e = draw+1 or music1 _c be class$ ) any ( ^! trifl+ p]=mances2 b !re are _m fad$ draw+s ( ! pres5t g5]ations1 :i* _c /& 9 competition ) ! gl[+ & fai?ful col\rs ( ! silk & wor/$ ( =m] times2 & _m ( ! h\rs sp5t at a /amm]+ h>psi*ord1 might1 surely1 ) full z mu* dome/ic advantage1 h be5 devot$ to ! embelli%m5t ( *airs & c>pets4 ,we hope t no "o w s p]v]sely misund]/& u1 z to inf] f ^! rem>ks1 t we desire to see ! revival ( old tape/ry "w2 or t we condemn ! elegant accompli%m5ts ( music & draw+4 ,we condemn only ! abuse ( ^! accompli%m5ts2 we only wi% t !y %\ld be consid]$ z dome/ic occupations1 n z matt]s ( competition1 or ( exhibition1 nor yet z ! means ( attract+ tempor>y admiration4 ,we are n afraid t any1 :o are really consci\s ( hav+ acquir$ accompli%m5ts ) ^! prud5t & hon\rable views1 %\ld misappreh5d :at has be5 said4 ,m$iocrity may1 p]haps1 attempt to misrepres5t our rem>ks1 & may endeav\r to make x appe> t we h attack$1 & t we w\ld disc\rage1 e ef=t ( female ta/e & +5uity 9 ! f9e arts2 we _c1 !re=e1 be too explicit 9 disclaim+ su* illib]al views4 ,we h n yet spok5 ( danc+1 ?\gh x is "o ( ! mo/ admir$ ( female accompli%m5ts4 ,?is evid5tly is an amusem5t1 n an occupation2 x is an agreeable ex]cise1 useful to ! heal?1 & advantage\s1 z x conf]s a c]ta9 degree ( habitual ease & grace4 ,mr4 ,locke seems to ?9k1 t x gives "y p confid5ce 9 !mselves :5 !y come into company1 & t x is1 !re=e1 exp$i5t to tea* *ildr5 e>ly to dance3 b !re are s _m o!r me?ods ( inspir+ "y p ) ?is confid5ce 9 !mselves1 t x appe>s unnecess>y to lay mu* /ress ^u ?is argum5t4 ,if *ildr5 live 9 good company1 & see con/antly p ) agreeable mann]s1 !y w acquire mann]s :i* ! danc+ ma/] does n always tea*2 & !y w easily v>y _! =ms ( polit5ess ) ! fa%ion ( ! day4 ,nobody comes into a room regul>ly z _! danc+ ma/] taught !m to make _! entrance2 we %\ld ?9k a /rict adh]5ce to 8 lessons ridicul\s & awkw>d 9 well br$ company2 !re=e mu* mu/ be left to ! discretion & ta/e ( ! pupil1 aft] ! danc+ ma/] has made 8 la/ b[4 ,ease ( mann]s is n always atta9$ by ^? :o h be5 /rictly discipl9$ by a ,ve/ris1 because ! lessons are n always practis$ 9 precisely ! same circum/ances 9 :i* !y 7 le>nt3 ?is confuses & conf\nds ! pupils1 & !y r lose ?an ga9 confid5ce 9 !mselves1 f p]ceiv+ t !y _c imm$iately apply :at !y h be5 taught4 ,b we ne$ n expatiate ^u ?is subject1 because !re are few p>5ts ( good s5se1 9 any rank ( life1 :o w n p]ceive t _! daught]'s mann]s _c be =m$ or poli%$ by a danc+-ma/]4 ,we are n to consid] danc+ 9 a grave & moral light2 x is an amusem5t mu* m agreeable to "y p1 & mu* bett] suit$ to !m 9 e respect1 ?an c>ds1 or sil5t assemblies ( =mal visit]s4 ,x promotes *e]fulness1 & prev5ts1 9 "s measure1 ! habits ( gossip+ conv]sation1 & ! love ( sc&al4 ,s f> we mo/ will+ly agree ) its mo/ vivaci\s advocates1 9 its common eulogium4 ,b ?is is n1 we fe>1 say+ en\gh4 ,we see1 or fancy t we see1 ! sob] matron lay d[n h] c>efully assort$ c>ds ^u ! c>d-table1 & ) dictatorial solemnity %e pron\nces1 ,t danc+ is some?+ m ?an an amusem5t2 t girls mu/ le>n to dance1 because !y mu/ appe> well 9 public2 because ! "y ladies :o dance ! be/1 are usually mo/ tak5 notice ( 9 public2 mo/ admir$ by ! o!r sex2 mo/ likely1 9 %ort1 n only to-h _! *oice ( ! be/ p>tn] 9 a ball room1 b sometimes ( ! be/ p>tn] = life4 ,) submission to mat]nal au?ority1 ^! argum5ts d n seem to be ju/ifi$ ( late ye>s4 ,girls1 :o dance rem>kably well1 are1 x is true1 admir$ 9 a ball room1 & foll[$1 p]haps1 by ^? idle1 ?\ghtless "y m51 :o frequ5t public places m]ely = want ( some?+ else to d4 ,?is race ( be+s are n p>ticul>ly calculat$ to make good husb&s 9 any s5se ( ! ^w2 nor are !y usually dispos$ to ?9k ( m>riage 9 any o!r light ?an z ! la/ desp]ate exp$i5t to repair _! injur$ =tunes4 ,!y set _! wits aga9/ ! sex 9 g5]al1 & consid] !mselves z 9 dang] ( be+ jockey$ into ! matrimonial /ate4 ,"s few1 p]haps1 :o h n br\ght _! imag9ation suffici5tly "u ! comm& ( ! calculat+ faculty1 are caught by beauty & accompli%m5ts1 & m>ry aga9/ ! common rules ( int]e/4 ,^! m5 are consid]$ ) pity1 or ) ridicule1 by _! companions1 z dupes :o h suff]$ !mselves to be tak5 93 o!rs are w>n$ by _! fate2 & ! future probability ( simil> err\rs1 ( c\rse1 mu/ be dim9i%$4 ,! fa%ionable apa?y1 :e!r real or affect$1 ) :i* "y m5 l\nge 9 public places1 ) sc>cely ! appe>ance ( att5tion to ! fair exhibitors be=e !m1 suffici5tly m>ks ! temp] ( ! times2 & if ! female sex h lo/ any ?+ ( ! respect & e/eem :i* ought to be paid to !m 9 society1 !y c sc>cely expect to rega9 _! prop] influ5ce by concessions to ! false & vitiat$ ta/e ( ^? :o comb9e to treat !m ) neglect bord]+ ^u insol5ce4 ,if ! sy/em ( female education1 if ! sy/em ( female mann]s1 conspire to %[ 9 ! fair sex a degrad+ anxiety to attract wor?less admiration1 weal?y or titl$ homage1 is x surpris+ t e "y man1 :o has any pret5sions to bir?1 =tune1 or fa%ion1 %\ld consid] himself z ! arbit] ( _! fate1 & ! despotic judge ( _! m]it8 ,wom51 :o und]/& _! real int]e/s1 p]ceive ! causes ( ! contempt ) :i* ! sex is treat$ by fa%ionable coxcombs1 & !y feel "s indignation at ! meanness ) :i* ?is contempt1 tacitly or op5ly express$1 is endur$4 ,wom51 :o feel none ( ?is indignation1 & :o1 ei!r f _! education1 or _! circum/ances1 are only solicit\s to obta9 pres5t amusem5t1 or :at !y ?9k ! p]man5t advantages ( a =tunate alliance1 w yet f9d !mselves mi/ak5 by p]si/+ 9 _! ?\ghtless c>e]2 !y w n ga9 ev5 ! objects to :i* !y aspire4 ,h[ _m accompli%$ belles run ! usual r\nd ( dissipation 9 all public places ( exhibition1 tire ! public eye1 &1 aft] a season or two1 fade & are =gott56 ,h[ _m accompli%$ belles are !re1 :o1 hav+ ga9$ ! object ( _! own1 or ( _! "m's ambition1 f9d !mselves doom$ to mis]y = life6 ,^? unequal m>riages1 :i* are sometimes call$ excell5t mat*es1 seldom produce mu* happ9ess4 ,& :]e happ9ess is n1 :at is all ! re/8 ,if all1 or any ( ^! reflections1 %\ld /rike ! he>t1 & conv9ce ! und]/&+1 ( an anxi\s1 b reasonable "m1 %e w1 probably1 imm$iately det]m9e ^u h] own conduct 9 ! education ( h] daught]s3 %e w resolve to avoid ! common err\rs ( ! frivol\s or ! int]e/$2 %e w n be influ5c$ by ! importunity ( e idle acqua9tance1 :o may talk to h] ( ! necessity ( h] daught]'s be+ tak5 notice ( 9 public1 ( ! *ances ( an advantage\s e/abli%m5t1 ( ! good =tune ( ,miss ,y----1 or lady ,angel9a ,x----1 9 meet+ ) a coxcomb or a sp5d?rift = a husb&2 nor w %e be mov$ ) mat]nal emulation :5 %e is fur!r told1 t ^! "y ladies ow$ _! success entirely to ! sup]iority ( _! accompli%m5ts3 %e w consid]1 = "o mom5t1 :at is meant by ! ^w success2 %e w1 p]haps1 n be ( op9ion t 'tis be/ rep5t+ 9 a coa* & six2 %e w1 p]haps1 reflect1 t ev5 ! s(t s\nds ( titl$ gr&eur lose _! p[] to please1 & salute ! e> almo/ unobs]v$4 ,! happ9ess1 ! p]man5t happ9ess ( h] *ild1 w be ! fir/1 ! la/ object ( ! good & ! enlight5$ "m3 to ?is all h] views & all h] ef=ts w t5d2 & to ?is %e w make e fa%ionable1 e elegant accompli%m5t subs]vi5t4 ,z to ! means ( acquir+ ^! accompli%m5ts1 x w\ld be absurd1 & presumptu\s1 to pres5t "h any vague precepts1 or t$i\s details1 ^u ! mode ( le>n+ draw+1 danc+1 & music4 ,^! c be be/ le>n$ f ! ma/]s :o pr(ess to tea* !m1 z f> z ! te*nical "p is necess>y4 ,b success w n ultimately dep5d ^u any te*nical in/ructions t a ma/] c give3 he may direct ! ef=ts ( indu/ry s z to save mu* useless lab\r2 he may prev5t 8 pupils f acquir+ bad practical habits2 he may assi/1 b he _c inspire1 ! _s ( p]sev]ance4 ,a ma/]1 :o is n expect$1 or inde$ all[$1 to int]f]e 9 ! g5]al education ( 8 pupils1 c only dilig5tly att5d to !m :il/ he is giv+ 8 lessons2 he has n any p[]1 except t p]nici\s motive1 competition1 to excite !m to excel2 8 in/ructions _c be peculi>ly adapt$ to _! temp]s or _! und]/&+s1 because ) ^! he is unacqua9t$4 ,n[ a s5sible "m has x 9 h] p[] to supply all ^! defici5cies2 ev5 if %e does n h]self excel 9 any ( ! accompli%m5ts :i* h] daught]s are le>n+1 h] k ( _! m9ds1 h] ta/e1 h] judgm5t1 h] affection1 h] sup]9t5d+ intellig5ce1 w be ( ine/imable value to h] *ildr54 ,if %e has any skill 9 any accompli%m5t1 %e w1 = ! fir/ ye>s ( h] daught]s' lives1 be und\bt$ly ! be/ p]son to in/ruct !m4 ,by skill1 we d n mean sup]ior tal5ts1 or pr(ici5cy 9 music or draw+2 )\t ^!1 %e may be able to tea* all t is necess>y 9 ! e>ly "p ( education4 ,"o ( ! be/ motives :i* a woman c h to cultivate h] tal5ts aft] %e m>ries1 is ! hope & belief1 t %e may be ess5tially s]viceable 9 ! in/ruction ( h] family4 ,& t %e may be ess5tially s]viceable1 let no false humility lead h] to d\bt4 ,%e ne$ n be anxi\s = ! rapid progress ( h] little pupils2 %e ne$ n be t]rifi$ if %e see _! equals 9 age surpass !m "u :at %e ?9ks m able tuition2 %e may securely satisfy h]self1 t if %e b inspires h] *ildr5 ) a desire to excel1 ) ! habits ( att5tion & indu/ry1 !y w c]ta9ly succe$1 soon] or lat]1 9 :atev] x is desirable t !y %\ld le>n4 ,! exact age at :i* ! music1 danc+1 or draw+ ma/]1 %\ld beg9 _! in/ructions1 ne$ n be fix$4 ,if a "m %\ld n be s situat$ z to be able to procure ! be/ ma/]s = h] daught]s :il/ !y are yet *ildr51 %e ne$ n be 9 despair2 a rapid progress is made 9 a %ort "t by well educat$ "y p2 ^? :o h n acquir$ any bad habits1 are easily taught3 x %\ld1 !re=e1 seem prud5t1 if ! be/ ma/]s _c be procur$ at any giv5 p]iod ( education1 to wait pati5tly1 ?an to haz>d _! fir/ impressions1 & ! fir/ habits :i* might be giv5 by any inf]i\r te*nical in/ruction4 ,x is said1 t ! celebrat$ musician ,timo!us1 ^: excell5ce 9 8 art ,alex&] ! conqu]or ( ! _w 0 =c$ to ackn[l$ge1 :5 pupils flock$ to him f all p>ts ( ! _w1 _h ! prud5ce to dem& d\ble entrance money f e s*ol> :o _h _h any o!r music ma/]4 ,besides ! advantage ( be+ entirely free f o!r bad habits1 *ildr5 :o are n taught by inf]i\r ma/]s1 w n contract habits ( li/less application4 ,"u ! eye ( an indol5t p]son1 *ildr5 seldom give _! entire att5tion to :at !y are ab\t4 ,!y become m]e ma*9es1 &1 )\t us+ _! own und]/&+ 9 ! lea/1 h rec\rse to ! conv5i5t ma/] ^u e occasion4 ,! utmo/ t *ildr5 9 su* circum/ances c le>n1 is all ! te*nical "p ( ! art :i* ! ma/] c tea*4 ,:5 ! ma/] is at la/ dismiss$1 & h] education complet$1 ! pupil is left bo? fatigu$ & helpless4 ,few h be5 taught to any purpose1 :o h n be5 _! own tea*]s1 says ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,?is reflection ^u ! art ( tea*+1 may1 p]haps1 be too g5]al2 b ^? p]sons :o look back ^u _! education1 w1 9 _m respects1 all[ x to be j4 ,!y w p]ceive t !y h be5 too mu* taught1 t !y h le>n$ e ?+ :i* !y "k z an art1 & no?+ z a sci5ce4 ,few p h suffici5t c\rage to re-comm5ce _! own education1 & = ?is reason few p get beyond a c]ta9 po9t ( m$iocrity4 ,x is easy to !m to practise ! lessons :i* !y h le>n$1 if !y practise !m 9 intellectual d>kness2 b if y let 9 ^u !m "o ray ( philosophic light1 y dazzle & conf\nd !m1 s t !y _c ev5 p]=m _! cu/om>y feats4 ,a "y man1#cc :o _h be5 bl9d f 8 bir?1 _h le>n$ to draw a cross1 a circle1 & a squ>e1 ) great accuracy2 :5 he 0 tw5ty1 8 eyes 7 c\*$1 & :5 he c\ld see p]fectly well1 he 0 desir$ to draw 8 circle & squ>e4 ,8 new s5se ( see+1 s f> f assi/+ him 9 ?is op]ation1 0 extremely tr\blesome to him2 ?\gh he took m pa9s ?an usual1 he p]=m$ v ill3 conf\nd$ by ! new difficulty1 he conclud$ t sight 0 useless 9 all op]ations to be p]=m$ by ! h&1 & he ?\ght 8 eyes w\ld be ( no use to him 9 future4 ,h[ _m p f9d _! reason z useless & tr\blesome to !m z ?is "y man f\nd 8 eye-sight6 ,:il/ we are le>n+ any me*anical op]ation1 or :il/ we are acquir+ any te*nical art1 ! m9d is commonly passive4 ,9 ! fir/ attempts1 p]haps1 we reason or inv5t ways ( abridg+ our own lab\r1 & ! awkw>dness ( ! unpractis$ h& is assi/$ by +5uity & reflection2 b z we improve 9 manual dext]ity1 att5tion & +5uity are no long] ex]t$2 we g on habitually )\t ?\ght4--,?\ght w\ld probably int]rupt ! op]ation1 & break ! *a9 ( associat$ actions4#cd ,an artific] /ops 8 h& ! mom5t y ask him to expla9 :at he is ab\t3 he c "w & talk ( indiff]5t objects2 b if he reflects ^u ! mann] 9 :i* he p]=ms c]ta9 slight ( h& p>ts ( 8 bus9ess1 x is t5 to "o b he _c g on ) !m4 ,a man1 :o writes a free runn+ h&1 goes on )\t ?9k+ ( ! mann] 9 :i* he writes2 fix 8 att5tion ^u ! mann] 9 :i* he holds 8 p51 or =ms 8 lett]s1 & he probably w n write q s fa/1 or s well1 z usual4 ,:5 a girl fir/ attempts to dress h]self at a glass1 ! glass p]plexes1 in/ead ( assi/+ h]1 because %e ?9ks & reasons ab\t e motion2 b :5 by habit %e has le>n$ h[ to move h] h&s 9 ob$i5ce to ! flugel-image1#ce :i* p]=ms its ex]cise 9 ! mirror1 no fur!r ?\ght is employ$4 ,make ! *ild obs]ve t %e moves h] left h& =w>d :5 ! image 9 ! glass moves 9 a contr>y mann]1 turn ! *ild's att5tion to any ( h] own motions1 & %e w make mi/akes z %e did be=e h] habits 7 =m$4 ,_m occupations1 :i* are g5]ally suppos$ to dep5d ^u ! und]/&+1 & :i* d probably dep5d 9 ! fir/ in/ance ^u ! und]/&+1 become by practice purely me*anical4 ,?is is ! case 9 _m ( ! imitative arts4 ,a p]son unus$ to draw+1 ex]ts a great deal ( att5tion 9 copy+ any new object2 b cu/om soon supplies ! place ( ?\ght4 ,by cu/om1#cf z a great arti/ assures u1 he w become able to draw ! human figure tol]ably correctly1 ) z little ef=t ( ! m9d1 z to trace ) a p5 ! lett]s ( ! alphabet4 ,we mu/ fur!r obs]ve1 t ! habit ( pursu+ any occupation1 :i* requires no m5tal ex]tion1 induces an indol5ce or incapacity ( intellect4 ,m]e arti/s are commonly z /upid z m]e artific]s1 & ^! are little m ?an ma*9es4 ,! l5g? ( "t :i* is requir$ to obta9 practical skill & dext]ity 9 c]ta9 accompli%m5ts1 is "o reason :y !re are s few p :o obta9 any ?+ m ?an me*anical excell5ce4 ,!y become ! slaves ( cu/om1 & !y become pr\d ( _! slav]y4 ,at fir/ !y might h consid]$ cu/om z a tyrant2 b :5 !y h obey$ h] = a c]ta9 "t1 !y d h] volunt>y homage ev] aft]1 z to a sov]eign by div9e "r4 ,to prev5t ?is species ( intellectual degradation1 we mu/ 9 education be c>eful to rank m]e me*anical tal5ts bel[ ! ex]cise ( ! m5tal p[]s4 ,?us ! ambition ( "y p w be direct$ to high objects1 & all inf]i\r qualifications may be atta9$ )\t contract+ ! und]/&+4 ,praise *ildr5 = pati5ce1 = p]sev]ance1 = indu/ry2 enc\rage !m to reason & to inv5t ^u all subjects1 & y may direct _! att5tion aft]w>ds z y ?9k prop]4 ,b if y applaud *ildr5 m]ely = draw+ a fl[] neatly1 or copy+ a l&scape1 )\t excit+ _! ambition to any ?+ high]1 y w nev] create sup]ior tal5ts1 or a sup]ior "*4 ,! pr(ici5cy t is made 9 any p>ticul> accompli%m5t1 at any giv5 age1 %\ld n be consid]$ s mu*1 ev5 by ^? :o highly value accompli%m5ts1 z ! p[]1 ! en]gy1 t is excit$ 9 ! pupil's m9d1 f :i* future progress is ensur$4 ,! writ+ & draw+ automaton p]=ms its adv]tis$ wond]s to ! satisfaction ( ! spectators2 b ! ma*9e is n in/9ct ) _s2 y _c expect f its p5cil ! sket* ( a ,raphael1 or f its p5 ! ?\ghts ( a ,%akespe>e4 ,x is easy to guide ! h&1 b :o c transfuse a s\l into ! image8 ,x is n an uncommon ?+ to he> "y p1 :o h be5 long "u ! tuition ( ma/]s1 compla9 ( _! own want ( g5ius4 ,!y are s5sible t !y h n made any great progress 9 any ( ! accompli%m5ts :i* !y h endeav\r$ to le>n2 !y see o!rs1 :o h n1 p]haps1 _h :at !y call su* opportunities & advantages 9 _! education1 sudd5ly surpass !m2 ?is !y attribute to natural g5ius1 & !y say to !mselves 9 despair1 ,c]ta9ly ,i h no ta/e = draw+2 ,i h no g5ius = music2 ,i h le>n$ s _m ye>s1 ,i h _h s _m lessons f ! be/ ma/]s1 & yet "h is su* & su* a "o1 :o has _h no ma/]1 :o has taught h]self1 &1 p]haps1 did n beg9 till late 9 life1 has got be=e me1 because %e has a natural g5ius = ^! ?+s4 ,%e mu/ h a natural ta/e = !m1 because %e c sit :ole h\rs at ^! ?+s = h] own pleasure4 ,n[ ,i nev] w\ld take a p5cil 9 my h& f my own *oice2 & ,i am glad1 at all ev5ts1 t ! "t = lessons & ma/]s is ov]4 ,my education is f9i%$1 = ,i am ( age4 ,! disgu/ & despair1 :i* are ?us induc$ by an injudici\s education1 absolutely defeat its own trivial purposes4 ,s t1 :atev] may be ! views ( p>5ts1 :e!r !y consid] ornam5tal accompli%m5ts z ess5tial to _! daught]'s success 9 ! _w1 or :e!r !y value !m r z second>y objects1 subord9ate to h] happ9ess2 :e!r !y wi% _! daught] actually to excel 9 any p>ticul> accompli%m5t1 or to h ! p[] ( excell+ 9 any to :i* circum/ances may direct h]1 x is 9 all cases advisable to cultivate ! g5]al p[] ( ! pupil's und]/&+1 in/ead ( conf9+ h] to te*nical practices & precepts1 "u ! eye ( any ma/] :o does n possess t :i* is ! s\l ( e art4 ,we d n mean any illib]al attack ^u ma/]s2 b 9 writ+ ^u education1 x is necess>y to exam9e ! utility ( diff]5t modes ( in/ruction1 )\t fe> ( (f5d+ any class ( m54 ,we ackn[l$ge1 t x is seldom f\nd1 t ^? :o c communicate _! k ! be/1 possess ! mo/1 especially if ?is k be t ( an arti/ or a l+ui/4 ,be=e any p]son is prop]ly qualifi$ to tea*1 he mu/ h ! p[] ( recollect+ exactly h[ he le>n$2 he mu/ g back /ep by /ep to ! po9t at :i* he began1 & he mu/ be able to conduct 8 pupil ?r\gh ! same pa? )\t impati5ce or precipitation4 ,he mu/ n only h acquir$ a k ( ! process by :i* 8 own ideas & habits 7 =m$1 b he mu/ h ext5sive exp]i5ce ( ! v>ieties ( ! human m9d4 ,he mu/ n suppose1 t ! op]ations ( intellect are c>ri$ on precisely 9 ! same mann] 9 all m9ds2 he mu/ n imag9e1 t !re is b "o me?od ( tea*+1 :i* w suit all p]sons alike4 ,! analogies :i* /rike 8 own m9d1 ! arrangem5t ( ideas1 :i* to him appe>s ! mo/ p]spicu\s1 to 8 pupil may appe> remote & confus$4 ,he mu/ n attribute ?is to 8 pupil's inatt5tion1 /upidity1 or ob/9acy2 b he mu/ attribute x to ! true causes2 ! diff]5t association ( ideas 9 diff]5t m9ds1 ! diff]5t habits ( ?9k+1 :i* arise f _! v>i\s temp]s & previ\s education4 ,he mu/ be acqua9t$ ) ! habits ( all temp]s3 ! sl[1 ! quick1 ! inv5tive1 ! inve/igat+2 & he mu/ adapt 8 in/ructions accord+ly4 ,!re is some?+ m requisite3 a ma/] mu/ n only "k :at he pr(esses to tea* ( 8 own peculi> art or sci5ce1 b he ought to "k all its be>+s & dep5d5cies4 ,he mu/ be acqua9t$ n only ) ! local topography ( 8 own di/rict1 b he mu/ h ! :ole map ( human k be=e him2 & :il/ he dwells mo/ ^u 8 own prov9ce1 he mu/ yet be free f local prejudices1 & mu/ consid] himself z a citiz5 ( ! _w4 ,*ildr5 :o /udy geography 9 small sep>ate maps1 und]/&1 p]haps1 ! view ( ea* c\ntry tol]ably well2 b we see !m q puzzl$ :5 !y are to connect ^! maps 9 _! idea ( ! _w4 ,!y d n "k ! relative size or situation ( ,engl& or ,france2 !y _c f9d ,london or ,p>is :5 !y look = ! fir/ "t ^u ! globe1 & e c\ntry seems to be turn$ upside d[n 9 _! imag9ation4 ,"y p :o le>n p>ticul> arts & sci5ces f ma/]s :o h conf9$ _! view to ! b\nd>ies ( ea*1 )\t hav+ giv5 an enl>g$ idea ( ! :ole1 are mu* 9 ! same situation ) ^! un=tunate geograph]s4 ,! p]si/+ to tea* ?+s sep>ately1 :i* ought to be taught z a :ole1 mu/ prev5t ! progress ( m5tal cultivation4#cg ,! division & subdivision ( diff]5t p>ts ( education1 :i* are monopolis$ z trades by ! ma/]s :o pr(ess to tea* !m1 mu/ t5d to increase & p]petuate err\r4 ,^! intellectual ca/s are p]nici\s4 ,x is said1 t ! ,p]sians _h ma/]s to tea* _! *ildr5 ea* sep>ate virtue3 "o ma/] to tea* ju/ice1 ano!r =titude1 ano!r temp]ance1 & s on4 ,h[ ^! ma/]s c\ld pres]ve ! b\nd>ies ( _! sev]al moral t]ritories1 x is n easy to imag9e1 especially if !y all insi/$ ^u indep5d5t sov]eignty4 ,!re mu/ h be5 "s dang]1 surely1 ( _! disput+ ) "o ano!r conc]n+ ! importance ( _! respective pr(essions1 l ! poor b\rgeois g5tilhomme's danc+-ma/]1 music-ma/]1 ma/] ( morality1 & ma/] ( philosophy1 :o all fell to bl[s to settle _! pret5sions1 =getful ( ! pres5ce ( _! pupil4 ,ma/]s1 :o are only expect$ to tea* "o ?+1 may be s9c]ely anxi\s = ! improvem5t ( _! pupils 9 t p>ticul>1 )\t be+ 9 ! lea/ int]e/$ = _! g5]al "* or happ9ess4 ,?us ! draw+-ma/] has done 8 "p1 & is satisfi$ if he tea*es 8 pupil to draw well3 x is no conc]n ( 8 :at h] temp] may be1 any m ?an :at sort ( h& %e writes1 or h[ %e dances4 ,! danc+-ma/]1 9 8 turn1 is :olly indiff]5t ab\t ! "y lady's progress 9 draw+2 all he und]takes1 is to tea* h] to dance4 ,we m5tion ^! circum/ances to %[ p>5ts1 t ma/]s1 ev5 :5 !y d ! utmo/ t !y engage to d1 _c educate _! *ildr52 !y c only p>tially in/ruct !m 9 p>ticul> arts4 ,p>5ts mu/ !mselves preside ov] ! education ( _! *ildr51 or mu/ entirely give !m into ! c>e ( "s p]son ( an enl>g$ & philosophic m9d1 :o c supply all ! defici5cies ( common ma/]s1 & :o c take advantage ( all ! positive good t c be obta9$ f exi/+ in/itutions4 ,su* a preceptor or gov]ness mu/ possess ext5sive k1 & t sup]iority ( m9d :i* sees ! j proportion & value ( e acquisition1 :i* is n to be ov]aw$ by au?ority1 or dazzl$ by fa%ion4 ,"u ! eye ( su* p]sons1 ma/]s w keep precisely _! prop] places2 !y w tea* all !y c tea*1 )\t in/ill+ absurd prejudices1 or inspir+ a _s ( va9 rival%ip2 nor w ma/]s be suff]$ to cont9ue _! lessons :5 !y h no?+ m to tea*4 ,p>5ts :o d n ?9k t !y h leisure1 or feel t !y h capacity1 to take ! entire direction ( _! *ildr5's education ^u !mselves1 w tru/ ?is important (fice to a gov]ness4 ,! inquiry conc]n+ ! value ( female accompli%m5ts1 has be5 purposely ent]$ into be=e we c\ld speak ( ! *oice ( a gov]ness1 because ! e/imation 9 :i* ^! are held1 w v mu* det]m9e p>5ts 9 _! *oice4 ,if :at has be5 said ( ! probability ( a decl9e 9 ! public ta/e = :at are usually call$ accompli%m5ts2 ( _! little utility to ! happ9ess ( families & individuals2 ( ! wa/e ( "t1 & wa/e ( ! high] p[]s ( ! m9d 9 acquir+ !m3 if :at has be5 obs]v$ on any ( ^! po9ts is all[$ to be j1 we %all h little difficulty 9 pursu+ ! same pr9ciples fur!r4 ,9 ! *oice ( a gov]ness we %\ld n1 !n1 consid] h] fa%ionable accompli%m5ts z h] be/ recomm5dations2 ^! w be only second>y objects4 ,we %all exam9e ) m anxiety1 :e!r %e possess a s\nd1 discrim9at+1 & enl>g$ und]/&+3 :e!r h] m9d be free f prejudice2 :e!r %e has /ead9ess ( temp] to pursue h] own plans2 &1 above all1 :e!r %e has t species ( integrity :i* w ju/ify a p>5t 9 tru/+ a *ild to h] c>e4 ,we %all att5d to h] conv]sation1 & obs]ve h] mann]s1 ) scrupul\s m9ut5ess4 ,*ildr5 are imitative animals1 & !y are peculi>ly dispos$ to imitate ! language1 mann]s1 & ge/ures1 ( ^? ) :om !y live1 & to :om !y look up ) admiration4 ,9 female education1 too mu* c>e _c be tak5 to =m all ^? habits 9 morals & 9 mann]s1 :i* are di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ics ( amiable wom54 ,^! habits mu/ be acquir$ e>ly1 or !y w nev] appe> easy or graceful2 !y w necess>ily be =m$ by ^? :o see none b good models4 ,we h already po9t$ out ! absolute necessity ( union among/ all ^? :o are conc]n$ 9 a *ild's education4 ,a gov]ness mu/ ei!r rule1 or obey1 decid$ly4 ,if %e d n agree ) ! *ild's p>5ts 9 op9ion1 %e mu/ ei!r "k h[ to conv9ce !m by argum5t1 or %e mu/ ) /rict integrity con=m h] practice to _! !ories4 ,!re are few p>5ts1 :o w *oose to give up ! entire c>e ( _! *ildr5 to any gov]ness2 !re=e1 !re w probably be "s po9ts 9 :i* a diff]5ce ( op9ion w arise4 ,a s5sible woman w nev] submit to be treat$1 z gov]nesses are 9 "s families1 l ! s]vant :o 0 ask$ by 8 ma/] :at bus9ess he _h to ?9k3 nor w a woman ( s5se or temp] insi/ ^u h] op9ions )\t produc+ h] reasons4 ,%e w ?us ensure ! respect & ! confid5ce ( enlight5$ p>5ts4 ,x is surely ! int]e/ ( p>5ts to treat ! p]son :o educates _! *ildr51 ) t p]fect equality & k9dness1 :i* w conciliate h] affection1 & :i* w at ! same "t pres]ve h] influ5ce & au?ority ov] h] pupils4 ,& x is ) pleasure we obs]ve1 t ! /yle ( behavi\r to gov]nesses1 9 well br$ families1 is mu* *ang$ )9 ^! few ye>s4 ,a gov]ness is no long] treat$ z an upp] s]vant1 or z an int]m$iate be+ betwe5 a s]vant & a g5tlewoman3 %e is n[ treat$ z ! fri5d & companion ( ! family1 & %e mu/1 consequ5tly1 h w>m & p]man5t int]e/ 9 its prosp]ity3 %e becomes atta*$ to h] pupils f gratitude to _! p>5ts1 f sympa?y1 f g5]osity1 z well z f ! /rict s5se ( duty4 ,9 fa%ionable life !re is1 h[ev]1 "s dang] t p>5ts %\ld g into extremes 9 _! behavi\r t[>ds _! gov]nesses4 ,^? :o disda9 ! idea ( assum+ sup]iority ( rank & =tune1 & :o desire to treat ! p]son :o educates _! *ildr5 z _! equal1 act ) p]fect propriety2 b if !y make h] _! companion 9 all _! amusem5ts1 !y g a /ep too f>1 & !y defeat _! own purposes4 ,if a gov]ness att5ds ! c>d-table1 & ! assembly-room2 if %e is to visit1 & be visit$1 :at is to become ( h] pupils 9 h] abs5ce8 ,!y mu/ be left to ! c>e ( s]vants4 ,!re are "s ladies :o w n accept ( any invitation1 9 :i* ! gov]ness ( _! *ildr5 is n includ$4 ,?is may be done f a good motive1 b1 surely1 x is unreasonable2 = ! v use ( a gov]ness is to supply ! "m's place 9 h] abs5ce4 ,_c ?is be manag$ bett]8 ,_c ! "m & gov]ness bo? amuse !mselves at diff]5t times8 ,!re w\ld !n be p]fect equality2 ! gov]ness w\ld be 9 ! same society1 & w\ld be treat$ ) ! same respect1 )\t neglect+ h] duty4 ,! rew>d :i* is giv5 to wom5 ( abilities1 & ( unblemi%$ reputation1 :o devote !mselves to ! sup]9t5d5ce ( ! education ( "y ladies 9 ! high] ranks ( life1 ! daught]s ( our afflu5t nobility1 ought to be consid]ably great] ?an :at x is at pres5t3 x ought to be su* z to excite wom5 to cultivate _! tal5ts1 & _! und]/&+s1 ) a view to ?is pr(ession4 ,a pr(ession we call x1 = x %\ld be consid]$ z su*1 z an hon\rable pr(ession1 :i* a g5tlewoman might foll[ )\t los+ any degree ( ! e/imation 9 :i* %e is held by :at is call$ ! _w4 ,!re is no employm5t1 at pres5t1 by :i* a g5tlewoman c ma9ta9 h]self1 )\t los+ some?+ ( t respect1 some?+ ( t rank 9 society1 :i* nei!r female =titude nor male philosophy will+ly =egoes4 ,! lib]al pr(essions are op5 to m5 ( small =tunes2 by pres5t+ "o simil> res\rce to wom51 we %\ld give a /rong motive = _! moral & intellectual improvem5t4 ,nor does x seem probable1 t !y %\ld make a disgraceful or imprud5t use ( _! increas+ influ5ce & lib]ty 9 ?is case1 because _! previ\s education mu/ previ\sly prep>e !m prop]ly4 ,! mis=tune ( wom5 has usually be51 to h p[] tru/$ to !m be=e !y 7 educat$ to use x prud5tly4 ,to say t preceptresses 9 ! high] ranks ( life %\ld be lib]ally rew>d$1 is b a vague expression2 some?+ specific %\ld be m5tion$1 :]ev] g5]al utility is ! object4 ,let u obs]ve1 t _m ( ! fir/ dignities ( ! *ur* are be/[$1 & prop]ly be/[$1 ^u m5 :o h educat$ ! highe/ ranks ( our nobility4 ,^? :o look ) an evil eye ^u ^! promotions1 d n fairly e/imate ! national importance ( education = ! ri* & p[]ful4 ,no provision c be made = wom5 :o direct ! education ( ! daught]s ( our nobility1 any ways equival5t to ! provision made = preceptors by ^? :o h influ5ce 9 ! /ate4 ,a pecuni>y comp5sation is 9 ! p[] ( opul5t families4 ,?ree hundr$ a ye>1 = twelve or f\rte5 ye>s1 ! space ( "t :i* a preceptress mu/ probably employ 9 ! education ( a "y lady1 w\ld be a suitable comp5sation = h] c>e4 ,) ?is provision %e w\ld be enabl$1 aft] h] pupil's education 0 complet$1 ei!r to settle 9 h] own family1 or %e w\ld1 9 ! decl9e ( life1 be happily indep5d5t1 secure f ! temptation ( m>ry+ = money4 ,if a few munific5t & enlight5$ individuals set ! example ( lib]ally rew>d+ m]it 9 ?is situation1 _m "y wom5 w probably appe> ) tal5ts & good qualities suit$ to ! views ( ! mo/ sangu9e p>5ts4 ,) good s5se1 & lit]>y ta/es1 a "y woman might in/ruct h]self dur+ ! fir/ ye>s ( h] pupils *ildhood1 & might gradually prep>e h]self ) all ! necess>y k3 accord+ to ! pr9ciples t h be5 sugge/$1 !re w\ld be no necessity = h] be+ a mi/ress ( arts1 a p]=m] 9 music1 a pa9tress1 a l+ui/1 or a poetess4 ,a g5]al k ( lit]ature is indisp5sable2 & yet fur!r1 %e mu/ h suffici5t ta/e & judgm5t to direct ! lit]>y tal5ts ( h] pupils4 ,) respect to ! lit]>y education ( ! female sex1 ! argum5ts on bo? sides ( ! "q h already be5 /at$1 ) all ! imp>tiality 9 our p[]1 9 ano!r place4#ch ,)\t obtrud+ a detail ( ! same argum5ts aga9 ^u ! public1 x w be suffici5t to pr(ess ! di/9ct op9ion1 :i* a long] consid]ation ( ! subject has yet m fully confirm$1 t x w t5d to ! happ9ess ( society 9 g5]al1 t wom5 %\ld h _! und]/&+s cultivat$ & enl>g$ z mu* z possible2 t ! happ9ess ( dome/ic life1 ! virtues & ! p[]s ( pleas+ 9 ! female sex1 ! yet m desirable p[] ( atta*+ ^? wor?y ( _! love & e/eem1 w be increas$ by ! judici\s cultivation ( ! female und]/&+1 m ?an by all t mod]n gallantry or anci5t *ivalry c\ld devise 9 fav\r ( ! sex4 ,mu* prud5ce & ability are requisite to conduct prop]ly a "y woman's lit]>y education4 ,h] imag9ation mu/ n be rais$ above ! ta/e = necess>y occupations1 or ! num]\s small1 b n trifl+1 pleasures ( dome/ic life3 h] m9d mu/ be enl>g$1 yet ! delicacy ( h] mann]s mu/ be pres]v$3 h] k mu/ be v>i\s1 & h] p[]s ( reason+ unaw$ by au?ority2 yet %e mu/ habitually feel t nice s5se ( propriety1 :i* is at once ! gu>d & ! *>m ( e fem99e virtue4 ,by e>ly caution1 unremitt+1 scrupul\s caution 9 ! *oice ( ! books :i* are put into ! h&s ( girls1 a "m1 or a preceptress1 may fully occupy & ent]ta9 _! pupils1 & excite 9 _! m9ds a ta/e = propriety1 z well z a ta/e = lit]ature4 ,x _c be necess>y to add m ?an ?is g5]al idea1 t a "m ought to be answ]able to h] daught]'s husb& = ! books h] daught] _h read1 z well z = ! company %e _h kept4 ,^? obs]vations1 :i* apply equally to ! cultivation ( ! und]/&+ bo? ( m5 & ( wom51 we d n "h mean to po9t out2 we w\ld speak only ( :at may be peculi> to female education4 ,f ! /udy ( ! le>n$ languages1 wom51 by cu/om1 =tunately = !m1 are exempt$3 ( anci5t lit]ature !y may1 9 translations :i* are ackn[l$g$ to be excell5t1 obta9 a suffici5t k1 )\t pay+ too mu* "t & lab\r = ?is classic pleasure4 ,confus$ notions f fa%ionable publications1 f p]iodical pap]s1 & com$ies1 h made _! way into common conv]sation1 & !nce h assum$ an appe>ance ( au?ority1 & h be5 extremely disadvantage\s to female education4 ,s5tim5t & ridicule h conspir$ to repres5t reason1 k1 & sci5ce1 z unsuitable or dang]\s to wom52 yet at ! same "t wit1 & sup]ficial acquirem5ts 9 lit]ature1 h be5 ! object ( admiration 9 society2 s t ?is dang]\s inf]5ce has be5 drawn1 almo/ )\t our p]ceiv+ its fallacy1 t sup]ficial k is m desirable 9 wom5 ?an accurate k4 ,?is pr9ciple mu/ lead to innum]able err\rs2 x mu/ produce cont9ual contradictions 9 ! c\rse ( education3 in/ead ( mak+ wom5 m reasonable1 & less presum+1 x w r5d] !m at once arrogant & ignorant2 full ( pret5sions1 incapable ( application1 & unfit to he> !mselves conv9c$4 ,:atev] "y wom5 le>n1 let !m be taught accurately2 let !m "k ev] s little app>5tly1 !y w "k mu* if !y h le>nt t little well4 ,a girl :o runs ?r\gh a c\rse ( natural hi/ory1 he>s some?+ ab\t *emi/ry1 has be5 taught some?+ ( botany1 & :o kn[s b j en\gh ( ^! to make h] fancy t %e is well in=m$1 is 9 a mis]able situation1 9 dang] ( becom+ ridicul\s1 & insupportably tiresome to m5 ( s5se & sci5ce4 ,b let a woman "k any "o ?+ completely1 & %e w h suffici5t und]/&+ to le>n m1 & to apply :at %e has be5 taught s z to int]e/ m5 ( g5]osity & g5ius 9 h] fav\r4 ,! k ( ! g5]al pr9ciples ( any sci5ce1 is v diff]5t f sup]ficial k ( ! sci5ce2 p]haps1 f n att5d+ to ?is di/9ction1 or f n und]/&+ x1 _m h fail$ 9 female education4 ,"s attempt w be made to m>k ?is di/9ction practically1 :5 we come to speak ( ! cultivation ( ! memory1 inv5tion1 & judgm5t4 ,no intellig5t preceptress w1 x is hop$1 f9d any difficulty 9 ! application ( ! obs]vations !y may meet ) 9 ! *apt]s on imag9ation1 sympa?y & s5sibility1 vanity & temp]4 ,! mascul9e pron\n he1 has be5 us$ = grammatical conv5i5ce1 n at all because we agree ) ! prejudic$1 & unc\rte\s gramm>ian1 :o ass]ts1 t ! mascul9e is ! m wor?y g5d]4 ,,footnotes3 #cb ,une virtuose4 #cc ,v4 ,/oria di quattro fratelli nati cie*i e gu>iti coll' e/razione delle cat]atte4--,di ,francesco ,buzzi4 #cd ,v4 ,zoonomia4 #ce ,?is ^w is sometimes by mi/ake spelt fugal-man4 #cf ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 #cg ,condillac4 #ch ,v4 ,lett]s = ,lit]>y ,ladies4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,memory ,,& ,,inv5tion4 ,be=e we be/[ _m ye>s ( "t & pa9s ^u any object1 x may be prud5t to af=d a few m9utes previ\sly to asc]ta9 its precise value4 ,_m p]sons h a vague idea ( ! great value ( memory1 &1 )\t analyz+ _! op9ion1 !y resolve to cultivate ! memories ( _! *ildr5 z mu*1 & z soon1 z possible4 ,s f> f hav+ det]m9$ ! value ( ?is tal5t1 we %all f9d t x w be difficult to give a popul> def9ition ( a good memory4 ,"s p call t a good memory :i* reta9s ! greate/ numb] ( ideas = ! longe/ "t4 ,o!rs pref] a recollective to a ret5tive memory1 & value n s mu* ! numb]2 z ! selection1 ( facts2 n s mu* ! mass1 or ev5 ! antiquity1 ( accumulat$ treasure1 z ! p[] ( produc+ curr5t specie = imm$iate use4 ,memory is sometimes spok5 ( z if x 7 a faculty admirable 9 itself1 )\t any union ) ! o!r p[]s ( ! m9d4 ,among/ ^? :o all[ t memory has no indep5d5t claim to reg>d1 !re are yet _m :o believe1 t a sup]ior degree ( memory is ess5tial to ! successful ex]cise ( ! high] faculties1 su* z judgm5t & inv5tion4 ,! degree 9 :i* x is useful to ^? p[]s1 has n1 h[ev]1 be5 det]m9$4 ,^? :o are gov]n$ 9 _! op9ions by prec$5t & au?ority1 c produce _m le>n$ names1 to prove t memory 0 held 9 ! highe/ e/imation among/ ! great m5 ( antiquity2 x 0 cultivat$ ) mu* anxiety 9 _! public in/itutions1 & 9 _! private education4 ,b !re 7 _m circum/ances1 :i* =m]ly contribut$ to make a great memory ess5tial to a great man4 ,9 civil & milit>y employm5ts1 among/ ! anci5ts1 x 0 9 a high degree requisite4 ,g5]als 7 expect$ to "k by he>t ! names ( ! soldi]s 9 _! armies2 demagogues1 :o hop$ to please ! p1 7 expect$ to "k ! names ( all _! fell[-citiz5s4#ci ,orators1 :o did n speak extempore1 7 oblig$ to get _! long orations by rote4 ,^? :o /udi$ sci5ce or philosophy1 7 oblig$ to cultivate _! memory ) incessant c>e1 because1 if !y frequ5t$ ! s*ools = in/ruction1 !y treasur$ up ! say+s ( ! ma/]s ( diff]5t sects1 & le>n$ _! doctr9es only by oral in/ruction4 ,manuscripts 7 frequ5tly got by he>t by ^? :o 7 eag] to secure ! k !y conta9$1 & :o _h n opportunities ( recurr+ to ! orig9als4 ,x is n surpris+1 !re=e1 t memory1 to :i* s mu* 0 tru/$1 %\ld h be5 held 9 su* high e/eem4 ,at ! revival ( lit]ature 9 ,europe1 be=e ! discov]y ( ! art ( pr9t+1 x 0 sc>cely possible to make any progress 9 ! lit]ature ( ! age1 )\t possess+ a ret5tive memory4 ,a man :o _h read a few manuscripts1 & c\ld repeat !m1 0 a wond]1 & a treasure3 he c\ld travel f place to place1 & live by 8 le>n+2 he 0 a circulat+ libr>y to a nation1 & ! m books he c\ld c>ry 9 8 head1 ! bett]3 he 0 c]ta9 ( an admir+ audi5ce if he c\ld repeat :at ,ari/otle or ,sa9t ,j]ome _h writt52 & he _h f> m enc\ragem5t to engrave ! words ( o!rs on 8 memory1 ?an to inv5t or judge = himself4 ,9 ! twelf? c5tury1 above six hundr$ s*ol>s assembl$ 9 ! =e/s ( ,*ampagne1 to he> ! lectures ( ! le>n$ ,abeill>d2 !y made !mselves huts ( ! b\ghs ( trees1 & 9 ?is new academic grove 7 satisfi$ to g almo/ )\t ! necess>ies ( life4 ,9 ! specim5s ( ,abeill>d's composition1 :i* are h&$ d[n to u1 we may discov] pro(s ( 8 hav+ be5 va9 ( a surpris+ memory2 x seems to h be5 ! sup]ior faculty ( 8 m9d3 8 six hundr$ pupils c\ld c>ry away ) !m only s mu* ( 8 le>n+ z !y c\ld get by he>t dur+ 8 c\rse ( lectures2 & he :o _h ! be/ memory1 mu/ h be5 be/ paid = 8 j\rney4#dj ,! art ( pr9t+1 by multiply+ copies s z to put !m )9 ! easy ref]5ce ( all classes ( p1 has l[]$ ! value ( ?is species ( ret5tive memory4 ,x is bett] to ref] to ! book itself1 ?an to ! man :o has read ! book4 ,k is n[ ready class$ = use1 & x is safely /or$ up 9 ! great common-place books ( public libr>ies4 ,a man ( lit]ature ne$ n incumb] 8 memory ) :ole passages f ! au?ors he wants to quote2 he ne$ only m>k d[n ! page1 & ! words are safe4 ,m]e erudition does n 9 ^! days ensure p]man5t fame4 ,! names ( ! ,abb de ,longu]ue1 & ( ! ,flor5t9e libr>ian ,magliabe*i1 excite no vivid emotions 9 ! m9ds ( ^? :o h he>d ( !m be=e2 & !re are _m1 p]haps n illit]ate p]sons1 :o w\ld n be a%am$ to own t !y _h nev] he>d ( !m at all4 ,yet ^! m5 7 bo? ( !m1 b a few ye>s ago1 rem>kable = extraord9>y memory & erudition4 ,:5 ,m4 de ,longu]ue 0 a *ild1 he 0 su* a prodigy ( memory & k1 t ,lewis ! f\rte5?1 pass+ ?r\gh ! abb's prov9ce1 /opp$ to see & he> him4 ,:5 he grew up1 ,p>is consult$ him z ! oracle ( le>n+4 ,8 erudition1 says d',alemb]t1#da 0 n only prodigi\s1 b actually t]rible4 ,greek & ,hebrew 7 m famili> to him ?an 8 native tongue4 ,8 memory 0 s well furni%$ ) hi/oric facts1 ) *ronological & topographical k1 t ^u he>+ a p]son ass]t 9 conv]sation1 t x w\ld be a difficult task to write a good hi/orical description ( ,france1#db he ass]t$1 t he c\ld d x f memory1 )\t consult+ any books4 ,all he ask$1 01 to h "s maps ( ,france laid be=e him3 ^! recall$ to 8 m9d ! hi/ory ( ea* prov9ce1 ( all ! fiefs ( ! cr[n ( ea* city1 & ev5 ( ea* di/+ui%$ nobleman's seat 9 ! k+dom4 ,he wrote 8 folio hi/ory 9 a ye>4 ,x 0 admir$ z a great curiosity 9 manuscript2 b :5 x came to be pr9t$1 sundry gross err\rs appe>$3 he 0 oblig$ to take out sev]al leaves 9 correct+ ! press4 ,! edition 0 v exp5sive1 & ! "w1 at la/1 w\ld h be5 r m acceptable to ! public1 if ! au?or _h n writt5 x f memory4 ,love ( ! wond]ful mu/ yield to e/eem = ! useful4 ,! effect :i* all ?is erudition _h ^u ! ,abb de ,longu]ue's ta/e1 judgm5t1 & imag9ation1 is wor? our att5tion4 ,"s ( 8 op9ions speak suffici5tly = our purpose4 ,he 0 ( op9ion t ! ,engli% h nev] done any good1#dc s9ce !y r5\nc$ ! /udy ( ,greek & ,arabic1 = ,geometry & ,physics4 ,he 0 ( op9ion1 t two antiqu>ian books ^u ,hom]1 viz4 ,antiquitates ,hom]ic & ,hom]i ,gnomologia1 are pref]able to ,hom] himself4 ,he w\ld r h !m1 he decl>$1 because ) ^! he _h all t 0 useful 9 ! poet1 )\t be+ oblig$ to g ?r\gh long /ories1 :i* put him to sleep4 ,z = t madman ,ario/o1 said he1 ,i sometimes div]t myself ) him4 ,"o odd volume ( ,rac9e 0 ! only ,fr5* book to be f\nd 9 8 libr>y4 ,8 erudition di$ ) him1 & ! _w has n pr(it$ mu* by 8 surpris+ memory4 ,! libr>ian ,magliabe*i 0 no less fam\s ?an ,m4 de ,longu]ue = 8 memory1 & he 0 yet m /rongly affect$ by ! mania = books4 ,8 appetite = !m 0 s voraci\s1 t he acquir$ ! "n ( ! glutton ( lit]ature4#dd ,be=e he di$1 he _h swall[$ six l>ge rooms full ( books4 ,:e!r he _h "t to dige/ any ( !m we d n "k1 b we are sure t he wi%$ x2 = ! only l9e ( 8 own composition :i* he has left = ! in/ruction ( po/]ity1 is r\nd a m$al4 ,! m$al repres5ts him sitt+ ) a book 9 8 h&1 & ) a great numb] ( books scatt]$ on ! floor r\nd him4 ,! c&id inscription signifies1 t to become le>n$ x is n suffici5t to read mu*1 if we read )\t reflection4 ,! names ( ,frankl9 & ( ,%akespe>e are kn[n :]ev] lit]ature is cultivat$1 to all :o h any pret5sions to sci5ce or to g5ius2 yet !y 7 nei!r ( !m m5 ( extraord9>y erudition1 nor f _! works %\ld we judge t memory 0 _! pr$om9ant faculty4 ,x may be said1 t a sup]ior degree ( memory 0 ess5tial to ! ex]cise ( _! judgm5t & inv5tion2 t )\t hav+ treasur$ up 9 8 memory a v>iety ( m9ute obs]vations ^u human nature1 ,%akespe>e c\ld nev] h pa9t$ ! passions ) s bold & j a h&2 t if ,frankl9 _h n accurately rememb]$ 8 own philosophical obs]vations1 & ^? ( o!rs1 he nev] w\ld h made ^? discov]ies :i* h immortaliz$ 8 "n4 ,admitt+ ! ju/ice ( ^! ass]tions1 we see t memory to great m5 is b a subord9ate s]vant1 a treasur] :o receives1 & is expect$ to keep fai?fully :atev] is committ$ to 8 c>e2 & n only to pres]ve fai?fully all deposits1 b to produce !m at ! mom5t !y are want$4 ,!re are sub/ances :i* are said to imbibe & reta9 ! rays ( light1 & to emit !m only 9 c]ta9 situations4 ,z long z !y reta9 ! rays1 no eye reg>ds !m4 ,x has (t5 be5 obs]v$1 t a recollective & ret5tive memory are seldom f\nd unit$4 ,if ?is 7 true1 & t we _h our *oice ( ei!r1 :i* %\ld we pref]8 ,= ! purposes ( o/5tation1 p]haps ! "o2 = utility1 ! o!r4 ,a p]son :o c\ld repeat f beg9n+ to end ! :ole ,economy ( ,human ,life1 :i* he _h le>n$ 9 8 *ildhood1 might1 if we _h "t to sit /ill & li/5 to him1 obta9 our admiration = 8 extraord9>y ret5tive memory2 b ! p]son :o1 9 daily occurr5ces1 or int]e/+ affairs1 recollects at ! prop] "t :at is useful to u1 obta9s f our gratitude some?+ m ?an va9 admiration4 ,to speak accurately1 we mu/ rem>k1 t ret5tive & recollective memories are b relative t]ms3 ! recollective memory mu/ be ret5tive ( all t x recollects2 ! ret5tive memory _c %[ itself till ! mom5t x becomes recollective4 ,b we value ei!r precisely 9 proportion z !y are useful & agreeable4 ,j at ! "t :5 philosoph]s 7 int5t ^u try+ exp]im5ts 9 electricity1 ,dr4 ,heb]d5 recollect$ to h se51 _m ye>s be=e1 a small electrical /one1 call$ t\rmal91#de 9 ! possession ( ,dr4 ,%>pe at ,cambridge4 ,x 0 ! only "o kn[n 9 ,engl& at t "t4 ,dr4 ,heb]d5 procur$ x2 & sev]al curi\s exp]im5ts 7 made & v]ifi$ ) x4 ,9 ?is in/ance1 x is obvi\s t we admire ! ret5tive1 local memory ( ,dr4 ,heb]d51 m]ely because x became recollective & useful4 ,_h ! t\rmal9 nev] be5 want$1 x w\ld h be5 a matt] ( indiff]5ce1 :e!r ! direction = x at ,dr4 ,%>pe's at ,cambridge1 _h be5 rememb]$ or =gott54 ,!re 0 a man#df :o und]took1 9 go+ f ,temple ,b> to ! fur!/ "p ( ,*eapside & back aga91 to enum]ate at 8 return e sign on ea* side ( ! way 9 its ord]1 & to repeat !m1 if x %\ld be requir$1 ei!r backw>ds or =w>ds4 ,?is he exactly accompli%$4 ,z a playful trial ( memory1 ?is af=ds u a mom5ts ent]ta9m5t2 b if we 7 to be s]i\s ^u ! subject1 we %\ld say x 0 a pity t ! man did n use 8 extraord9>y memory = "s bett] purpose4 ,! late k+ ( ,prussia1 :5 he int5d$ to advance ,tr5ck 9 ! army1 ^u 8 fir/ introduction1 gave him a li/ ( ! /range/ names :i* c\ld be pick$ out1 to le>n by rote4 ,tr5ck le>n$ !m quickly1 & ! k+ 0 mu* pleas$ ) ?is in/ance ( 8 memory2 b ,fr$]ick w\ld c]ta9ly nev] h made su* a trial ( ! abilities ( ,voltaire4 ,we _c always =esee :at facts may be useful1 & :at may be useless to u1 o!rwise ! cultivation ( ! memory might be conduct$ by un]r+ rules4 ,9 ! common bus9ess ( life1 p regulate _! memories by ! circum/ances 9 :i* !y happ5 to be plac$4 ,a cl]k 9 a c\nt+-h\se1 by practice1 le>ns to rememb] ! circum/ances1 affairs1 & names ( num]\s m]*ants1 ( 8 ma/]'s cu/om]s1 ! places ( _! abode1 &1 p]haps1 some?+ ( _! peculi> hum\rs & mann]s4 ,a f9e lady rememb]s h] visit+ li/1 &1 p]haps1 ! dresses & p>tn]s ( e c\ple at a cr[d$ ball2 %e f9ds all ^! p>ticul>s a useful supply = daily conv]sation1 %e !re=e rememb]s !m ) c>e4 ,an amateur1 :o is ambiti\s to %9e 9 ! society ( lit]>y m51 collects lit]>y anecdotes1 & retails !m :5ev] occasion p]mits4 ,m5 ( s5se1 :o cultivate _! memories = useful purposes1 are n oblig$ to treasure up het]og5e\s facts3 by r$uc+ p>ticul>s to g5]al pr9ciples1 & by connect+ !m ) prop] associations1 !y enjoy all ! real advantages1 :il/ !y are exempt f ! lab\r ( accumulation4 ,mr4 ,/ew>t has1 ) s mu* ability1 po9t$ out ! effects ( sy/ematic arrangem5t ( writ+1 read+1 & ! use ( te*nical contrivances 9 ! cultivation ( ! memory1 t x w\ld be a presumptu\s & unnecess>y attempt to expatiate 9 o!r words ^u ! same subject4 ,x may n be useless1 h[ev]1 to repeat a few ( 8 obs]vations1 because1 9 consid]+ :at fur!r improvem5t may be made1 x is always ess5tial to h fully 9 our view :at is already kn[n4 ,philosophic arrangem5t assi/s ! memory1 by class+ "u a few pr9ciples1 a numb] ( app>5tly dissimil> & unconnect$ p>ticul>s4 ,! habit1 = in/ance1 ( att5d+ to ! connection ( cause & effect1 pres5ts a multitude ( int]e/+ analogies to ! m9ds ( m5 ( sci5ce1 :i* escape o!r p]sons2 ! vulg> feel no pleasure 9 contemplat+ objects t appe> remote f common life2 & !y f9d x extremely difficult to rememb] obs]vations & reason+s :i* are =eign to _! cu/om>y c\rse ( associat$ ideas4 ,ev5 lit]>y & +5i\s p1 :5 !y beg9 to le>n any art or sci5ce1 usually compla9 t _! memory is n able to reta9 all ! t]ms & ideas :i* p\r 9 ^u !m ) p]plex+ rapidity4 ,9 "t1 ?is difficulty is conqu]$1 n s mu* by ! /r5g? ( ! memory1 z by ! ex]cise ( judgm5t3 !y le>n to di/+ui%1 & select ! mat]ial t]ms1 facts & argum5ts1 f ^? t are subord9ate1 & !y class !m "u g5]al heads1 to relieve ! memory f all sup]flu\s lab\r4 ,9 all /udies1 !re is "s preval5t associat+ pr9ciple1 :i* gradually becomes famili> to our m9ds1 b :i* we d n imm$iately discov] 9 our fir/ attempts4 ,9 poetry1 resemblance2 9 philosophy1 cause & effect2 9 ma!matics1 demon/rations cont9ually recur2 &1 !re=e1 ea* is expect$ by p]sons :o h be5 us$ to ^! respective /udies4 ,! habit ( committ+ our k to writ+1 assi/s ! memory1 because1 9 writ+1 we deta9 c]ta9 ideas long en\gh 9 our view to p]ceive all _! relations2 we use fix$ & abbreviat$ signs = all our ?\ghts2 ) ! assi/ance ( ^!1 we c prev5t confusion 9 our reason+s4 ,we c1 )\t fatigue1 by ! help ( words1 lett]s1 figures1 or algebraic signs1 g ?r\gh a v>iety ( m5tal processes1 & solve _m difficult problems1 :i*1 )\t su* assi/ance1 mu/ h be5 too ext5sive = our capacities4 ,if our books be well *os51 & if we read ) discrim9ation & att5tion1 read+ w improve ! memory1 because1 z x increases our k1 x increases our int]e/ 9 e new discov]y1 & 9 e new comb9ation ( ideas4 ,we agree entirely ) ,mr4 ,/ew>t 9 8 obs]vations ^u te*nical helps to ! memory2 !y are hurtful to ! und]/&+1 because !y break ! g5]al habits ( philosophic ord] 9 ! m9d4 ,!re is no connection ( ideas betwe5 ! memorial l9es1 = in/ance1 9 ,grey's ,memoria ,te*nica1 ! hi/ory ( ! ,k+s or ,emp]ors1 & ! dates t we wi% to rememb]4 ,h[ev]1 x may be advantage\s 9 education to use su* contrivances1 to assi/ our pupils 9 rememb]+ ^? te*nical p>ts ( k1 :i* are sometimes valu$ above _! wor? 9 society4 ,! facts ^u :i* ! pr9ciples ( any sci5ce are f\nd$1 %\ld nev] be le>nt by rote 9 a te*nical mann]4 ,b ! names & ! dates ( ! reigns ( a numb] ( k+s & emp]ors1 if !y mu/ be rememb]$ by *ildr51 %\ld be le>nt 9 ! mann] :i* may give !m ! lea/ tr\ble4#dg ,x is commonly ass]t$1 t our memory is to be improv$ by ex]cise3 ex]cise may be ( diff]5t k9ds1 & we mu/ det]m9e :at sort is be/4 ,repetition is f\nd to fix words1 & sometimes ideas1 /rongly 9 ! m9d2 ! words ( ! burd5 ( a song1 :i* we h frequ5tly he>d1 are easily & long rememb]$4 ,:5 we want to get any ?+ by rote1 we repeat x ov] & ov] aga91 till ! s\nds seem to foll[ "o ano!r habitually1 & !n we say we h !m p]fectly by rote4#dh ,! regul> recurr5ce ( s\nds1 at /at$ int]vals1 mu* assi/s u4 ,9 poetry1 ! rhymes1 ! cad5ce1 ! allit]ation1 ! peculi> /ructure ( ! poet's l9es1 aids u4 ,all ^! are me*anical helps to ! memory4 ,repetition seems mu* m agreeable to "s p ?an to o!rs2 b x may be d\bt$ :e!r a facility & prop5sity to repetition be fav\rable to rational memory4 ,:il/ we repeat1 we exclude all ?\ght f ! m9d2 we =m a habit ( say+ c]ta9 s\nds 9 a c]ta9 ord]2 b if ?is habit be aft]w>ds brok5 by any trifl+ ext]nal circum/ances1 we lose all our lab\r4 ,we h no means ( recollect+ :at we h le>n$ 9 ?is mann]4 ,once gone1 x is gone = ev]4 ,x dep5ds b ^u "o pr9ciple ( association4 ,^? :o ex]t +5uity z well z memory 9 le>n+ by he>t1 may n1 p]haps1 associate s\nds ) s mu* exp$ition1 b !y w h ! p[] ( recollection 9 a great] degree4 ,!y w h m *ances 9 _! fav\r1 besides ! great p[] ( volunt>y ex]tion3 a p[] :i* few passive repeat]s ev] possess4 ,! foll[+ l9es are easily le>n$3 ,ha/e1 !n1 ye spirits2 to y\r *>ge repair1 ,! flutt]+ fan be ,zephyretta's c>e2 ,! drops to !e1 ,brillante1 we consign1 ,&1 ,mom5tilla1 let ! wat* be ?9e2 ,d ?\1 ,crispissa1 t5d h] fav\rite lock1 ,ariel himself %all be ! gu>d ( ,%ock4 ,to a p]son :o m]ely le>n$ ! s\nds 9 ^! l9es by rote1 )\t kn[+ ! s5se ( ! words1 all ! advantage ( ! appropriat$ names & (fices ( ! sylphs w\ld be lo/4 ,no "o1 :o has any s5se ( propriety1 c call ^! sylphs by wrong names1 or put !m out ( _! places4 ,mom5tilla & ! wat*1 ,zephyretta & ! fan1 ,crispissa & ! lock ( hair1 ,brillante & ! diamond drops1 are s intimately associat$1 t !y necess>ily recur toge!r 9 ! memory4 ,! foll[+ celebrat$ l9es on envy1 "s p w f9d easy1 & o!rs difficult1 to le>n by he>t3 ,envy w m]it1 z its %ade1 pursue2 ,b1 l a %ad[1 proves ! sub/ance true3 ,= envy'd wit1 l ,sol eclips'd1 makes kn[n ,?' oppos+ body's grossness1 n its own4 ,:5 fir/ t sun too p['rful beams displays1 ,x draws up vap\r1 :i* obscures its rays2 ,b ev'n ^? cl\ds at la/ adorn its way1 ,reflect new glories1 & augm5t ! day4 ,! fl[ ( ^! l9es is n p>ticul>ly easy2 ^? :o tru/ m]ely to ! p[] ( reit]ation 9 gett+ !m by rote1 w f9d ! task difficult2 ^? :o seize ! ideas1 w necess>ily recollect _! ord]1 & ! s5se w conduct !m to _! prop] places ) c]ta9ty3 !y _c1 = in/ance1 make ! cl\ds adorn ! sun's rays be=e ! sun's p[]ful beams h drawn up ! vap\rs4 ,?is fixes ! place ( ! f\r la/ l9es4 ,! simile ( m]it & ! sun1 & envy & ! cl\ds1 keeps ea* idea 9 its ord]2 if any "o escapes1 x is easily miss$1 & easily recall$4 ,we seldom meet ) ^? :o c give u an accurate acc\nt ( _! own ?\ghts2 x is1 !re=e1 difficult to tell ! diff]5t ways 9 :i* diff]5t p manage _! memory4 ,we judge by ! effects frequ5tly1 t causes are ! same1 :i* sometimes are entirely diff]5t4 ,?us we1 9 common conv]sation1 %\ld say1 t two p _h an equally good memory1 :o c\ld repeat ) equal exactness any ?+ :i* !y _h he>d or read4 ,b 9 _! me?ods ( rememb]+1 ^! p]sons might diff] ess5tially2 ! "o might h ex]t$ mu* m judgm5t & +5uity 9 ! conduct ( 8 memory ?an ! o!r1 & might ?us h n only fatigu$ himself less1 b might h improv$ 8 und]/&+1 :il/ ! o!r le>n$ m]ely by rote4 ,:5 ,dr4 ,johnson report$ ! p>liam5t>y debates = ! g5tleman's ,magaz9e1 8 judgm5t1 8 habit ( att5d+ to ! ord] 9 :i* ideas foll[ "o ano!r 9 reason+1 8 previ\s k ( ! *>act]s & /yle ( ! diff]5t speak]s1 mu/ consid]ably h assi/$ 8 memory4 ,8 ta/e = lit]>y composition mu/ h %[n him in/antly :]e any argum5t or allusion 0 misplac$4 ,a connect+ phrase1 or a l9k 9 a *a9 ( reason+1 is miss$ z readily by a p]son us$ to writ+ & argum5t1 z a ^w 9 a l9e ( poetry is miss$ by a poetic e>4 ,if any ?+ has escap$ ! memory ( p]sons :o rememb] by g5]al classification1 !y are n only by _! art able to discov] t some?+ is miss+1 b !y h a g5]al direction :]e to f9d x2 !y "k to :at class ( ideas x mu/ belong2 !y c hunt f g5]als to p>ticul>s1 till !y are sure at la/ ( trac+ & detect+ ! des]t]2 !y h c]ta9 signs by :i* !y "k ! object ( :i* !y are 9 se>*1 & !y tru/ ) m c]ta9ty to ^! *>act]i/ics1 ?an to ! m]e vague recollection ( hav+ se5 x be=e4 ,we feel dispos$ to tru/ ! memory ( ^? :o c give u "s reason = :at !y rememb]4 ,if !y c prove to u t _! ass]tion c\ld n1 consi/5tly ) o!r facts1 be false1 we admit ! ass]tion into ! rank ( facts1 & _! judgm5t ?us goes surety = _! memory4 ,! foll[+ adv]tisem5t 7tak5 f ! /> ( ! #ba/ ,septemb]1 #agif7 may %[ t exp]i5ce ju/ifies ^! !oretic notions3 ,lit]ature4 ,a g5tleman capable ( report+ ! debates 9 p>liam5t1 is want$ = a ,london newspap]4 ,a bus9ess ( no su* great difficulty z is g5]ally imag9$ by ^? unacqua9t$ ) x4 ,a tol]able good /yle & facility ( composition1 z well z a facility ( writ+1 toge!r ) a good memory 7n an extraord9>y "o7 are all ! necess>y requisites4 ,if a g5tleman writes %ort h&1 x is an advantage2 b memory & composition are m important4 ,! adv]tis]1 conceiv+ t _m g5tlem5 ei!r 9 ,london or at ! ,univ]sities1 or 9 o!r p>ts ( ! k+dom1 may ?9k su* a situation desirable1 takes ?is public me?od ( enabl+ !m to obta9 x4 ,! sal>y1 :i* w v>y accord+ to ! tal5ts ( ! report]1 w at lea/ af=d a g5teel subsi/5ce1 & ! bus9ess ne$ n int]rupt ! pursuit ( /udies necess>y = a m important pr(ession4 ,a g5tleman :o has nev] tri$ p>liam5t>y report+1 w be pref]r$ by ! adv]tis]1 because he has obs]v$1 t ^? :o h la/ attempt$ x1 are n[ ! be/ report]s4 ,9 ! common mode ( education1 great exactness ( repetition is requir$ f pupils4 ,?is seems to be made a matt] ( too mu* importance4 ,!re are circum/ances 9 life1 9 :i* ?is tal5t is useful1 b its utility1 p]haps1 we %all f9d1 ^u exam9ation1 is ov]-rat$4 ,9 giv+ evid5ce ( words1 dates1 & facts1 9 a c\rt ( ju/ice1 ! utmo/ precision is requisite4 ,! prop]ty1 lives1 & *>act]s ( individuals dep5d ^u ?is precision4 ,b we mu/ obs]ve1 t aft] long detail$ evid5ce has be5 giv5 by a numb] ( witnesses1 an advocate sep>ates ! mat]ial f ! immat]ial circum/ances1 & ! judge 9 8 *>ge aga9 compresses ! argum5ts ( ! c\nsel1 s t mu* ( :at has be5 said dur+ ! trial1 might z well h be5 omitt$4 ,all ^! sup]flu\s ideas 7 rememb]$ to no purpose4 ,an evid5ce sometimes1 if he be p]mitt$1 w\ld tell n only all t he rememb]s ( ! circum/ances ab\t :i* he is exam9$1 b also a numb] ( o!r circum/ances1 :i* are casually associat$ ) ^! 9 8 memory4 ,an able advocate rejects1 by a quickness ( judgm5t :i* appe>s l intuition1 all t is irrelevant to 8 argum5t & 8 cause2 & x is by ?is selection t 8 memory1 9 ! evid5ce1 p]haps1 ( tw5ty diff]5t p1 is able to reta9 all t is useful4 ,:5 ?is het]og5e\s mass ( evid5ce is class$ by 8 p]spicu\s arrangem5t1 8 audi5ce feel no difficulty ei!r 9 und]/&+ or recollect+ all :i* _h be=e appe>$ confus$4 ,?us ! ex]cise ( ! judgm5t saves mu* ( ! lab\r ( memory2 lab\r :i* is n m]ely unnecess>y1 b hurtful1 to our und]/&+4 ,9 mak+ obs]vations ^u subjects :i* are new to u1 we mu/ be cont5t to use our memory unassi/$ at fir/ by our reason2 we mu/ treasure up ! ore & rubbi% toge!r1 because we _c imm$iately di/+ui% !m f ea* o!r4 ,b ! soon] we c sep>ate !m1 ! bett]4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( all exp]im5tal sci5ces1 a numb] ( useless p>ticul>s are record$1 because !y are n kn[n to be useless2 :51 f comp>+ ^!1 a few g5]al pr9ciples are discov]$1 ! memory is imm$iately reliev$1 ! judgm5t & inv5tive faculty h p[] & lib]ty to "w1 & !n a rapid progress & great discov]ies are made4 ,x is ! mis=tune ( ^? :o fir/ cultivate new sci5ces1 t _! memory is ov]load$2 b if ^? :o succe$ to !m1 submit to ! same s5seless drudg]y1 x is n _! mis=tune1 b _! fault4 ,let u look ov] ! hi/ory ( ^? :o h made discov]ies & inv5tions1 we %all p]ceive1 t x has be5 by reject+ useless ideas t !y h fir/ cle>$ _! way to tru?4 ,dr4 ,prie/ley's ,hi/ories ( ,vision & ( ,electricity1 are z useful :5 we consid] !m z hi/ories ( ! human m9d1 z :5 we read !m z hi/ories ( sci5ce4 ,dr4 ,prie/ley has publi%$ a catalogue ( books1#di f :i* he ga!r$ 8 mat]ials4 ,! pa9s1 he tells u1 t x co/ him to compress & abridge ! acc\nts :i* +5i\s m5 h giv5 ( _! own exp]im5ts1 tea* u h[ mu* our progress 9 real k dep5ds ^u reject+ all t is sup]flu\s4 ,:5 ,simonides (f]$ to tea* ,!mi/ocles ! art ( memory1 ,!mi/ocles answ]$1 ,r tea* me ! art ( =gett+2 = ,i f9d t ,i rememb] mu* t ,i _h bett] =get1 & =get 7consequ5tly7 "s ?+s :i* ,i wi% to rememb]4 ,:5 any discov]y or inv5tion is complet$1 we are frequ5tly a/oni%$ at its obvi\s simplicity4 ,! ideas necess>y to ! discov]y1 are seldom s num]\s z to fatigue our memory4 ,memory seems to h be5 useful to inv5tors only z x pres5t$ a few ideas 9 a c]ta9 happy connection1 z x pres5t$ !m fai?fully & di/9ctly to view 9 ! prop] mom5t4 ,if we wi% = examples ( ! conduct ( ! und]/&+1 we ne$ only look into ,dr4 ,frankl9's works4 ,he is s free f all affectation1 he lays 8 m9d s fairly be=e u1 t he is1 p]haps1 ! be/ example we c select4 ,^? :o are us$ to look at objects 9 a microscope1 say1 t full z mu* dep5ds ^u ! object's be+ well prep>$ = inspection1 z ^u ! att5tion ( ! obs]v]1 or ! excell5ce ( ! glass4 ,! fir/ ?+ t /rikes u1 9 look+ ov] ,doctor ,frankl9's works1 is ! v>iety ( 8 obs]vations ^u diff]5t subjects4 ,we might imag9e1 t a v t5aci\s & p[]ful memory 0 necess>y to regi/] all ^!2 b ,dr4 ,frankl9 in=ms u1 t x 0 8 con/ant practice to note d[n e h9t z x occurr$ to him3 he urges 8 fri5ds to d ! same2 he obs]ves1 t !re is sc>cely a day passes )\t our he>+ or see+ some?+ :i*1 if prop]ly att5d$ to1 might lead to useful discov]ies4 ,by ?us committ+ 8 ideas to writ+1 8 m9d 0 left at lib]ty to ?9k4 ,no extraord9>y ef=t ( memory 01 ev5 ^u ! greate/ occasions1 requisite4 ,a fri5d wrote to him to inquire h[ he 0 l$ to 8 great discov]y ( ! id5tity ( lightn+ & electricity2 & h[ he fir/ came to ?9k ( draw+ d[n lightn+ f ! cl\ds4 ,dr4 ,frankl9 replies1 t he c\ld n answ] bett] ?an by giv+ an extract f ! m9utes he us$ to keep ( ! exp]im5ts he made1 ) memor&ums ( su* z he purpos$ to make1 ! reasons = mak+ !m1 & ! obs]vations t rose ^u !m4 ,by ?is extract1 says ,dr4 ,frankl91 y w see t ! ?\ght 0 n s mu* an out ( ! way "o1 b t x might h occurr$ to any electrician4#ej ,:5 ! ideas are arrang$ 9 cle> ord]1 z we see !m 9 ?is note1 ! analogy or induction to :i* ,dr4 ,frankl9 0 l$1 appe>s easy4 ,:y1 !n1 _h x nev] be5 made by any o!r p]son8 ,numb]s ( +5i\s m5 7 at ?is "t int5t ^u electricity4 ,! ideas :i* 7 necess>y to ?is discov]y1 7 n num]\s or complicat$4 ,we may rem>k1 t "o analogy connect+ ^! obs]vations toge!r1 !y are m easily recollect$2 & _! be+ writt5 d[n = a p>ticul> purpose1 on :i* ,dr4 ,frankl9's m9d 0 int5t1 mu/ h made x /ill easi] to him to reta9 !m4 ,! degree ( memory he 0 =c$ to employ1 is ?us r$uc$ to a portion 9 :i* few p are defective4 ,n[1 let u suppose1 t ,dr4 ,frankl91 at ! "t he wrote 8 memor&um1 _h fully 9 8 recollection e previ\s exp]im5t t _h ev] be5 tri$ on electricity2 & n only ^!1 b ! !ories1 names1 ages1 & private hi/ory1 ( all ! m5 :o _h tri$ ^! exp]im5ts2 ( :at advantage w\ld ?is h be5 to him8 ,he mu/ h exclud$ all ^! imp]t95t ideas successively z !y rose be=e him1 & he mu/ h select$ ! fifte5 useful obs]vations1 :i* we h m5tion$1 f ?is tr\blesome multitude4 ,! *ance 9 su* a selection w\ld h be5 aga9/ him2 ! "t employ$ 9 ! exam9ation & rejection ( all ! unnecess>y recollections1 w\ld h be5 absolutely wa/$4 ,we mu/ wi% t x 7 9 our p[]1 :5 we make obs]vations ^u nature1 or :5 we read ! reflections ( o!rs1 to arrange our ?\ghts s z to be ready :5 we want to reason or inv5t4 ,:5 c>ds are dealt to u1 we c sort our h& accord+ to ! kn[n probabilities ( ! game1 & a new arrangem5t is easily made :5 we he> :at is trumps4 ,9 collect+ & sort+ obs]vations1 ,dr4 ,frankl9 p>ticul>ly excell$2 !re=e we may safely cont9ue to take him = our example4 ,:]ev] he happ5$ to be1 9 a boat1 9 a m9e1 9 a pr9t]'s %op1 9 a cr[d$ city1 or 9 ! c\ntry1 9 ,europe or ,am]ica1 he displays ! same activity ( obs]vation4 ,:5 any ?+1 h[ev] trifl+1 /ruck him :i* he c\ld n acc\nt =1 he nev] re/$ till he _h trac$ ! effect to its cause4 ,?us1 aft] hav+ made "o rem>k1 he _h fre% motive to collect facts1 ei!r to confirm or refute an hypo!sis2 8 obs]vations t5d+ consequ5tly to "s det]m9ate purpose1 !y 7 arrang$ 9 ! mom5t !y 7 made1 9 ! mo/ commodi\s mann]1 bo? = 8 memory & inv5tion2 !y 7 arrang$ ei!r accord+ to _! obvi\s analogies1 or _! relation to ea* o!r z cause & effect4 ,he _h two useful me?ods ( judg+ ( ! value ( 8 own ideas2 he ei!r consid]$ h[ !y c\ld be imm$iately appli$ to practical improvem5ts 9 ! arts1 or h[ !y c\ld lead to ! solution ( any ( ! great problems 9 sci5ce4 ,"h we mu/ aga9 obs]ve1 t judgm5t sav$ ! lab\r ( memory4 ,a p]son1 :o sets ab\t to collect facts at r&om1 is little bett] ?an a magpie1 :o picks up & lays by any odd bits ( money he c light ^u1 )\t kn[+ _! use4 ,miscellane\s obs]vations1 :i* are made by ^? :o h no philosophy1 may accid5tally lead to some?+ useful2 b "h we admire ! good =tune1 & n ! g5ius1 ( ! individuals :o make su* discov]ies3 ^! are prizes drawn f ! lott]y ( sci5ce1 :i* ought n to s$uce u f ! pa?s ( sob] indu/ry4 ,h[ long may an obs]vation1 =tunately made1 cont9ue to be useless to mank9d1 m]ely because x has n be5 reason$ ^u6 ,! trifl+ obs]vation1 t a /raight /ick appe>s b5t 9 wat]1 0 made _m hundr$ ye>s be=e ! reason ( t appe>ance 0 discov]$6 ,! inv5tion ( ! telescope might h be5 made by any p]son :o c\ld h pursu$ ?is slight obs]vation ?r\gh all its consequ5ces4 ,hav+ n[ def9$1 or r describ$1 :at we mean by a good memory1 we may consid] h[ ! memory %\ld be cultivat$4 ,9 *ildr51 z well z 9 m51 ! /r5g? ( t habit1 or p]haps ( t p[] ( ! m9d :i* associates ideas toge!r1 v>ies consid]ably4 ,x is probable1 t ?is diff]5ce may dep5d sometimes ^u organization4 ,a *ild :o is born ) any defect 9 8 eyes1 _c possibly h ! same pleasure 9 objects ( sight1 :i* ^? enjoy :o h /rong eyes3 ideas associat$ ) ^! ext]nal objects1 are1 !re=e1 n associat$ ) pleasure1 &1 consequ5tly1 !y are n recollect$ ) any s5sations ( pleasure4 ,an +5i\s writ]#ea supposes1 t all ! diff]5ce ( capacity among/ m5 ultimately dep5ds on _! orig9al p[] ( feel+ pleasure or pa91 & _! consequ5t diff]5t habits ( att5tion4 ,:5 !re is any defect 9 a *ild's organization1 we mu/ h rec\rse to physics1 & n to metaphysics2 b ev5 among *ildr51 :o are app>5tly 9 ! full possession ( all _! s5ses1 we see v diff]5t degrees ( vivacity3 ^? :o h mo/ vivacity1 seldom take delight 9 repeat+ _! ideas2 !y are m pleas$ ) novelty ?an prone to habit4 ,^? *ildr5 :o are defici5t 9 vivacity1 are mu* dispos$ to ! easy indol5t pleasure ( repetition2 x co/s !m less ex]tion to say or d ! same ?+ ov] aga91 ?an to attempt any ?+ new2 !y are uni=mly good subjects to habit1 because novelty has no *>ms to s$uce _! att5tion4 ,! education ( ! memory 9 ^! two classes ( *ildr51 ought n to be ! same4 ,^? :o are dispos$ to repetition1 %\ld n be indulg$ 9 x1 because x w increase _! indol5ce2 !y %\ld be excit$ by praise1 by example1 by sympa?y1 & by all ! /ronge/ motives t we c employ4 ,_! int]e/ 9 e ?+ ar\nd !m mu/ by all means be increas$3 :5 !y %[ eag]ness ab\t any ?+1 no matt] :at x is1 we may !n ex]cise _! memory ^u t subject ) "s hopes ( success4 ,x is ( importance t !y %\ld succe$ 9 _! fir/ trials1 o!rwise !y w be disc\rag$ f repeat+ _! attempts1 & !y w di/ru/ _! own memory 9 future4 ,! fe> ( n rememb]+1 w occupy1 & agitate1 & weak5 _! m9ds2 !y %\ld1 !re=e1 be animat$ by hope4 ,if !y fail1 at all ev5ts let !m n be reproa*$2 ! mortification !y naturally feel1 is suffici5t3 nor %\ld !y be left to dwell ^u _! disappo9tm5t2 !y %\ld h a fre% & easi] trial giv5 to !m1 t !y may recov] _! own self-complac5cy z exp$iti\sly z possible4 ,x may be said1 t !re are *ildr5 ( su* a sluggi% temp]am5t1 t !y feel no pleasure 9 success1 & no mortification 9 p]ceiv+ _! own m5tal defici5cies4 ,!re are few *ildr5 ( ?is description2 sc>cely any1 p]haps1 ^: defects h n be5 increas$ by education4 ,ex]tion has be5 made s pa9ful to !m1 t at l5g? !y h sunk into apa?y1 or submitt$ 9 despair to ! et]nal puni%m5t ( %ame4 ,! mi/ak5 notion1 t ! memory mu/ be ex]cis$ only 9 books1 has be5 (t5 fatal to ! pupils ( lit]>y p4 ,we rememb] be/ ^? ?+s :i* int]e/ u mo/2 :i* are useful to u 9 conv]sation2 9 our daily bus9ess or amusem5t4 ,s d *ildr54 ,on ^! ?+s we %\ld ex]cise _! memory4 ,tell a boy :o has lo/ 8 top1 to rememb] at su* a p>ticul> "t to put y 9 m9d ( x1 & if he does1 t y w give him ano!r1 he w probably rememb] y\r reque/s aft] ?is1 bett] ?an y w y\rself4 ,affectionate *ildr5 w easily ext5d _! recollective memories 9 ! s]vice ( _! fri5ds & companions4 ,put me 9 m9d to give y\r fri5d :at he ask$ =1 & ,i w give x to him if y rememb] x at ! "r "t4 ,x w be be/ to manage ^! affairs s t conv5i5ce1 & n caprice1 %all appe> to be y\r motive = ! reque/s4 ,! "t & place %\ld be precisely fix$1 & some?+ %\ld be *os5 :i* is likely to recall y\r reque/ at ! appo9t$ "t4 ,if y say1 put me 9 m9d ( su* a ?+ ! mom5t ! clo? is tak5 away aft] d9n]2 or z soon z c&les are br\ght into ! room2 or :5 ,i g by su* a %op 9 our walk ?is ev5+2 "h are ?+s m5tion$ :i* w mu* assi/ ! "y remembranc]3 ! mom5t ! clo? is tak5 away1 or ! c&les come1 he w recollect1 f association1 t some?+ is to be done1 t he has some?+ to d2 & pres5tly he w make out :at t some?+ is4 ,a good memory = bus9ess dep5ds ^u local1 well arrang$ associations4 ,! man ( bus9ess makes an artificial memory = himself out ( ! trivial occurr5ces ( ! day1 & ! h\rs z !y pass recall _! respective occupations4 ,*ildr5 c acquire ^! habits v e>ly 9 _! education2 !y are eag] to give _! companions an acc\nt ( any ?+ !y h se5 or he>d2 _! tutors %\ld become _! companions1 & enc\rage !m by sympa?y to address ^! n>rations to !m4 ,*ildr5 :o =get _! lessons 9 *ronology1 & _! p5ce tables1 c relate ) p]fect accuracy any circum/ances :i* h int]e/$ !mselves4 ,?is %[s t !re is no defici5cy 9 _! capacity4 ,e "o1 :o has _h any exp]i5ce ( ! pleasure ( talk+1 kn[s h[ intimately x is connect$ ) ! pleasure ( be+ li/5$ to4 ,! auditors1 consequ5tly1 possess supreme p[] ov] n>rative *ildhood1 )\t us+ any artifice1 by simply %[+ att5tion to well arrang$1 & well recollect$ n>ratives1 & ceas+ to att5d :5 ! "y orator's memory & /ory become confus$1 he w naturally be excit$ to arrange 8 ideas4 ,! ord] ( "t is ! fir/ & easie/ pr9ciple ( association to help ! memory4 ,?is1 till "y p acquire ! ideas ( cause & effect1 w be _! fav\rite mode ( arrangem5t4 ,?+s t happ5 at ! same "t2 ?+s t are said1 ?\ghts t h occurr$1 at ! same "t1 w recur to ! m9d toge!r4 ,we may obs]ve1 t ill educat$ p cont9ue ?r\gh life to rememb] ?+s by ?is s+le association2 &1 consequ5tly1 !re is a het]og5e\s collection ( ideas 9 _! m9d1 :i* h no rational connection ) ea* o!r2 cr[ds :i* h accid5tally met1 & are =c$ to live = ev] toge!r4 ,a vulg> evid5ce1 :5 he is exam9$ ab\t 8 memory ( a p>ticul> fact1 gives z a reason = 8 rememb]+ x1 a relation ( a numb] ( o!r circum/ances1 :i* he tells y happ5$ at ! same "t2 or he calls to witness any animate or inanimate objects1 :i* he happ5$ to see at ! same "t4 ,all ^! ?+s are s jo9$ ) ! pr9cipal fact 9 8 m9d1 t 8 rememb]+ !m di/9ctly1 seems to him1 & he expects w seem to o!rs1 demon/ration ( ! tru? & accuracy ( 8 pr9cipal ass]tion4 ,:5 a lawy] tells him he has no?+ to d ) ^! ideas1 he is imm$iately at a /& 9 8 n>rative2 he c recollect no?+1 he is sure ( no?+2 he has no reason to give = 8 belief1 unless he may say t x 0 ,mi*aelmas-day :5 su* a ?+ happ5$1 t he _h a goose = d9n] t day1 or t he _h a new wig4 ,^? :o h m enl>g$ m9ds1 seldom produce ^! /range reasons = rememb]+ facts4 ,inde$1 no "o c reason cle>ly1 ^: memory has ^! fooli% habits2 ! ill mat*$ ideas are insep>ably jo9$1 & h5ce !y imag9e !re is "s natural connection betwe5 !m4 ,h5ce arise ^? ob/9ate prejudices :i* no argum5ts c vanqui%4 ,to prev5t *ildr5 f argu+ ill1 we mu/1 !re=e1 take c>e1 9 ex]cis+ _! memory1 to disc\rage !m 9 ?is me?od ( prov+ t !y rememb] "o ?+ by tell+ u a numb] ( o!rs :i* happ5$ at ! same "t2 r let !m be excit$ to br+ _! reason+ faculty into play 9 support ( _! memory4 ,suppose1 = in/ance1 t a *ild _h mislaid 8 hat1 & 0 try+ to recollect :]e he _h put x4 ,he fir/ may recollect1 f ! association ( "t1 t he _h ! hat ! la/ "t he w5t out2 b :5 he wants to recollect :5 t "t 01 he _h bett] g back1 if he c1 to 8 motive = go+ out2 ?is "o idea w br+ a numb] ( o!rs 9 "r ord] into 8 m9d4 ,he w5t out1 suppose1 to fet* 8 kite1 :i* he 0 afraid w\ld be wet by a %[] ( ra92 !n ! boy recollects t 8 hat mu/ h be5 wet by ! same ra91 & t :5 he came 91 in/ead ( hang+ x up 9 its usual place1 x 0 put be=e ! fire to be dri$4 ,:at fire1 is ! next "q1 c4 ,su* an in/ance z ?is may appe> v trivial2 b *ildr5 ^: m9ds are well manag$ ab\t trifles1 w reta9 good habits :5 !y are to ?9k ab\t matt]s ( consequ5ce4 ,by ex]cis+ ! memory 9 ?is mann] ab\t ?+s1 in/ead ( ab\t books & lessons1 we %all n disgu/ & tire our pupils1 nor %all we give ! false notion1 t all k is acquir$ by read+4 ,long be=e *ildr5 read flu5tly = _! own amusem5t1 !y l to he> o!rs read al\d to !m1 because !y h !n ! ent]ta9m5t )\t ! lab\r4 ,we may ex]cise _! memory by ask+ = an acc\nt ( :at !y h he>d4 ,b let !m nev] be requir$ to repeat 9 ! words ( ! book1 or ev5 to pres]ve ! same arrangem5t2 let !m speak 9 words ( _! own1 & arrange _! ideas to _! own plan2 ?is w ex]cise at once _! judgm5t1 inv5tion1 & memory4 ,try if y c expla9 to me :at ,i h j be5 expla9+ to y1 a s5sible tutor w frequ5tly say to 8 pupils2 & he w suff] !m to expla9 9 a diff]5t mann] f himself2 he w only require !m to rememb] :at is ess5tial to ! explanation4 ,9 su* repetitions z ^!1 ! m9d is active1 !re=e x w /r5g!n & improve4 ,*ildr5 are all1 m or less1 pleas$ ) ! p]ception ( resemblances & ( analogy4 ,?is prop5sity assi/s u mu* 9 ! cultivation ( ! memory2 b x mu/ be manag$ ) discretion1 or x w injure ! o!r p[]s ( ! und]/&+4 ,!re is1 9 "s m9ds1 a futile love ( trac+ analogies1 :i* leads to sup]/ition1 to false reason+1 & false ta/e4 ,! quick p]ception ( resemblances is1 9 o!r m9ds1 productive ( wit1 poetic g5ius1 & sci5tific inv5tion4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ^! two classes1 dep5ds ^u ?is--! "o has m judgm5t1 & m ! habit ( us+ x1 ?an ! o!r4 ,*ildr5 :o are pleas$ by trifl+ co9cid5ces1 by allusions1 & similitudes1 %\ld be taught ) great c>e to reason3 :5 once !y p]ceive ! pleasure ( demon/ration1 !y w n be cont5t$ ) ! inaccuracy ( common analogies4 ,a tutor is (t5 tempt$ to tea* pupils1 :o are fond ( allusions1 by means ( !m1 because he f9ds t !y rememb] well :atev] suits _! ta/e = resemblances4 ,by foll[+ ! real analogies betwe5 diff]5t arts & sci5ces1 & mak+ use ( ! k *ildr5 h on "o subject to illu/rate ano!r1 we may at once amuse _! fancy1 & cultivate _! memory ) advantage4 ,ideas laid up 9 ?is mann]1 w recur 9 ! same ord]1 & w be ready = fur!r use4 ,:5 two ideas are rememb]$ by _! mutual connection1 surely x is be/ t !y %\ld bo? ( !m be sub/antially useful2 & n t "o %\ld att5d m]ely to answ] = ! appe>ance ( ! o!r4 ,z m5 readily rememb] ^? ?+s :i* are e day useful to !m 9 bus9ess1 :at relates to _! amusem5ts1 or to _! fav\rite ta/es 9 arts1 sci5ces1 or 9 lit]ature2 s *ildr5 f9d no difficulty 9 rememb]+ e ?+ :i* mixes daily ) _! little pleasures4 ,!y value k1 :i* is useful & agreeable to !m1 z highly z we d2 b !y consid] only ! pres5t1 & we take ! future into our e/imate4 ,*ildr5 feel no int]e/ 9 half ! ?+s t are committ$1 ) ! mo/ solemn recomm5dations1 to ! c>e ( _! memory4 ,x is 9 va9 to tell !m1 ,y mu/ rememb] su* a ?+1 because x w be useful to y :5 y gr[ up to be a man4 ,! *ild feels l a *ild1 & has no idea ( :at he may feel :5 he gr[s up to be a man4 ,he tries to rememb] :at he is desir$1 p]haps1 because he wi%es to please 8 wis] fri5ds2 b if ! ideas are remote f 8 e day bus9ess1 if no?+ recall !m b volunt>y ex]tion1 & if he be oblig$ to ab/ract 8 little s\l f e ?+ x holds de>1 be=e he c recollect 8 lessons1 !y w h no hold ^u 8 memory2 he w feel t recollection is too op]ose1 & he w enjoy none ( ! pleasures ( memory4 ,to induce *ildr5 to ex]cise _! memory1 we mu/ put !m 9 situations :]e !y may be imm$iately rew>d$ = _! ex]tion4 ,we mu/ create an int]e/ 9 _! m9ds--no?+ un9t]e/+ is long rememb]$4 ,9 a l>ge & lit]>y family1 x w n be difficult to inv5t occupations = *ildr5 :i* may ex]cise all _! faculties4 ,ev5 ! conv]sation ( su* a family1 w create 9 _! m9ds a desire = k2 :at !y he>1 w recall to _! memory :at !y read2 & if !y are enc\rag$ to take a reasonable %>e 9 conv]sation1 !y w acquire ! habit ( li/5+ to e ?+ t o!rs say4 ,by p]mitt+ *ildr5 to talk freely ( :at !y read1 we are m likely to improve _! memory = books1 ?an by exact+ f !m =mal repetitions ( lessons4 ,dr4 ,johnson1 :o is said to h _h an uncommonly good memory1 tells u1 t :5 he 0 a boy1 he us$1 aft] he _h acquir$ any fre% k f 8 books1 to run & tell x to an old woman1 ( :om he 0 v fond4 ,?is ex]cise 0 s agreeable to him1 t x impr9t$ :at he read ^u 8 memory4 ,la ,gau*]ie1 "o ( ! preceptors ( ,h5ry ,,iv4 hav+ f\nd t he _h to d ) a "y pr9ce ( an impati5t m9d1 & active g5ius1 little suit$ to s$5t>y /udies1 in/ead ( compell+ 8 pupil to read1 taught him by means ( conv]sation3 anecdotes ( h]oes1 & ! wise say+s ( anci5t philosoph]s1 7 ?us impr9t$ ^u ! m9d ( ?is pr9ce4 ,x is said1 t ,h5ry ,,iv4 appli$1 9 8 subsequ5t life1 all ! k he _h acquir$ 9 ?is mann] s happily1 t le>n$ m5 7 surpris$ at 8 memory4#eb ,by ^! obs]vations1 we by no means w\ld ins9uate1 t application to books is unnecess>y4 ,we are s5sible t accurate k ^u any subject1 _c be acquir$ by sup]ficial conv]sation2 t x c be obta9$ only by pati5t application4 ,b we mean to po9t out1 t an e>ly ta/e = lit]ature may be excit$ 9 *ildr5 by conv]sation2 & t _! memory %\ld be fir/ cultivat$ 9 ! mann] :i* w give !m ! lea/ pa94 ,:5 !re is motive = application1 & :5 habits ( indu/ry h be5 gradually acquir$1 we may securely tru/1 t our pupils w complete _! own education4 ,nor %\ld we h reason to fe>1 t ^? :o h a good memory = all o!r ?+s1 %\ld n be able to reta9 all t is wor? rememb]+ 9 books4 ,*ildr5 %\ld nev] be prais$ = m]ely rememb]+ exactly :at !y read1 !y %\ld be prais$ = select+ ) good s5se :at is be/ wor? _! att5tion1 & = apply+ :at !y rememb] to useful purposes4 ,we h obs]v$ h[ mu* ! habit ( inv5t+ increases ! wi% = k1 & increases ! int]e/ m5 take 9 a numb] ( ideas1 :i* are indiff]5t to uncultivat$ & indol5t p4 ,x is ! same ) *ildr54 ,*ildr5 :o inv5t1 ex]cise _! memory ) pleasure1 f ! imm$iate s5se ( utility & success4 ,a piece ( k1 :i* !y lay by 9 _! m9ds1 ) ! hopes ( mak+ use ( x 9 "s future inv5tion1 !y h m motives = rememb]+1 ?an :at !y m]ely le>n by rote1 because !y are comm&$ to d s by ! voice ( au?ority4 7,june #ai?1 #agif47 ,s----1 a boy ( n9e ye>s old1 ( good abilities1 0 translat+ ,ovid's description ( envy4 ,:5 he came to ! ,lat9 ^w suffusa1 he pron\nc$ x z if x _h be5 spell$ ) a s+le f & a d\ble s1 sufussa2 he made ! same mi/ake sev]al times3 at la/ 8 fa!r1 to try :e!r x w\ld make him rememb] ! "r pronunciation1 desir$ him to repeat suffusa =ty times4 ,! boy did s4 ,ab\t ?ree h\rs aft]w>ds1 ! boy 0 ask$ :e!r he recollect$ ! ^w :i* he _h repeat$ =ty times4 ,no1 he said1 he did n2 b he rememb]$ t x meant diffus$4 ,8 fa!r recall$ ! ^w to 8 m9d1 by ask+ him :at lett] x 0 t he _h s\nd$ z if x _h be5 a d\ble lett]2 he said s4 ,& :at d\ble lett] did y s\nd z if x _h be5 s+le8 f1 said ! boy4 ,!n1 said 8 fa!r1 y h f\nd out t x 0 a ^w 9 :i* !re 0 a d\ble ff & a s+le s1 & t x is ! ,lat9 = diffus$4 ,oh1 suffusa1 said ! boy4 ,?is boy1 :o _h su* difficulty 9 le>n+ a s+le ,lat9 ^w1 by repeat+ x =ty times1 %[$ 9 o!r in/ances1 t he 0 by no means defici5t 9 recollective memory4 ,on ! contr>y1 ?\gh he read v little1 & seldom le>n$ any ?+ by rote1 he appli$ happily any ?+ t he read or he>d 9 conv]sation4 7,m>* #ca/1 #agif47 ,8 fa!r told him1 t he _h ?is morn+ se5 a l>ge horn at a g5tleman's 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,x 0 f\nd ?irty spades dep? bel[ ! surface ( ! e>?1 9 a bog4 ,) ! horn 0 f\nd a c>pet1 & wrapp$ up 9 ! c>pet a lump ( tall[4 ,n[1 said 8 fa!r1 h[ c\ld t lump ( tall[ come !re8 ,or 0 x tall[1 d y ?9k8 ,or :at c\ld x be8 ,h---- 7a boy ( #ad1 bro!r to ,s----7 said1 he ?\ght x might h be5 buri$ by "s robb]s1 aft] !y _h committ$ "s robb]y2 he ?\ght ! lump 0 tall[4 ,s---- said1 ,p]haps "s dead body might h be5 wrapp$ up 9 ! c>pet & buri$2 & ! dead body might h turn$ into tall[4#ec ,h[ came y1 said 8 fa!r1 to ?9k ( a dead body's turn+ into tall[8 ,y told me1 said ! boy1 ,y read to me1 ,i mean1 an acc\nt ( "s dead bodies t _h be5 buri$ a great _m ye>s1 :i* _h turn$ into tall[4 ,sp]maceti1 y mean8 ,yes4 ,s---- _h he>d ! acc\nt he allud$ to above two mon?s be=e ?is "t4 ,no "o 9 company recollect$ x except himself1 ?\gh sev]al _h he>d x4 ,among/ ! few ?+s :i* ,s---- _h le>nt by he>t1 0 ! ,hymn to ,adv]sity4 ,a v slight circum/ance may %[1 t he did n get ?is poem m]ely z a tiresome lesson1 z *ildr5 sometimes le>n by rote :at !y d n und]/&1 & :i* !y nev] recollect except 9 ! ardu\s mom5ts ( =mal repetition4 ,a few days aft] ,s---- _h le>n$ ! ,hymn to ,adv]sity1 he happ5$ to he> 8 si/] say to a lady1 ,i obs]v$ y piti$ me = hav+ _h a :itl[ on my f+]1 m ?an any body else did1 because y h _h "o y\rself4 ,s----'s fa!r ask$ him :y he smil$4 ,because1 said ,s----1 ,i 0 ?9k+ ( ! song1#ed ! hymn to adv]sity2 ,& f h] own %e le>n$ to melt at o!r's wo4 ,a recollective memory ( books appe>s e>ly 9 *ildr5 :o are n ov]:elm$ ) !m2 if ! impressions made ^u _! m9ds be di/9ct1 !y w recur ) pleasure to ! memory :5 simil> ideas are pres5t$4 ,july #agif4 ,s---- he>d 8 fa!r read ,sir ,brook ,boo?by's excell5t epitaph ^u ,alg]non ,sidney2 ! foll[+ l9es pleas$ ! boy p>ticul>ly3 ,approa*1 contemplate ?is immortal "n1 ,swe> on ?is %r9e to emulate 8 fame2 ,to d>e1 l him1 e'en to ?y late/ brea?1 ,contemn+ *a9s1 & pov]ty1 & dea?4 ,s----'s fa!r ask$ him :y he lik$ ^! l9es1 & :e!r !y put him 9 m9d ( any ?+ t he _h he>d be=e4 ,s---- said1 ,x puts me 9 m9d ( ,hamilc>'s mak+ 8 son ,hannibal swe> to hate ! ,romans1 & love 8 c\ntrym5 et]nally4 ,b ,i l ?is mu* bett]4 ,i ?9k x 0 exce$+ly fooli% & wrong ( ,hamilc> to make 8 son swe> always to hate ! ,romans4 ,lat9 lessons are usually s v disagreeable to boys1 t !y seldom are pleas$ ) any allusions to !m2 b by a good managem5t 9 a tutor1 ev5 ^! lessons may be associat$ ) agreeable ideas4 ,boys %\ld be enc\rag$ to talk & ?9k ab\t :at !y le>n 9 ,lat91 z well z :at !y read 9 ,engli%2 !y %\ld be all[$ to judge ( ! *>act]s describ$ 9 anci5t au?ors1 to comp>e !m ) our pres5t ideas ( excell5ce1 & ?us to make "s use ( _! le>n+4 ,x w !n be n m]ely engrav$ ^u _! memory 9 ! =m ( lessons1 x w be m+l$ ) _! notions ( life & mann]s2 x w occur to !m :5 !y conv]se1 & :5 !y act2 !y w possess ! admir$ tal5t = classical allusion1 z well z all ! solid advantages ( an unprejudic$ judgm5t4 ,x is n en\gh t g5tlem5 %\ld be ma/]s ( ! le>n$ languages1 !y mu/ "k h[ to produce _! k )\t p$antry or affectation4 ,! memory may 9 va9 be /or$ ) classical prec$5ts1 unless ^! c be br\ght into use 9 speak+ or writ+ )\t ! p>ade ( dull citation1 or =mal introduction4 ,sir1 said ,dr4 ,johnson1 to "s pros+ torm5tor1 ,i w\ld r a man w\ld knock me d[n1 ?an to beg9 to talk to me ( ! ,punic w>s4 ,a public speak]1 :o rises 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 ) p$antry prep5se to quote ,lat9 or ,greek1 is c\gh$ or laugh$ d[n2 b ! beautiful unprem$itat$ classical allusions ( ,burke or ,%]idan1 sometimes convey$ 9 a s+le ^w1 seize ! imag9ation irresi/ibly4 ,s9ce we p]ceive1 t memory is *iefly useful z x furni%es mat]ials = inv5tion1 & t inv5tion c greatly abridge ! m]e lab\r ( accumulation1 we mu/ exam9e h[ ! inv5tive faculty c be prop]ly ex]cis$4 ,! vague precept (1 cultivate ! memory & inv5tion ( "y p at ! same "t1 w n in=m p>5ts h[ ?is is to be accompli%$2 we tru/1 !re=e1 t we may be p]mitt$1 contr>y to ! cu/om ( didactic writ]s1 to illu/rate a g5]al precept by a few examples2 & we take ^! examples f real life1 because we appreh5d1 t fictions1 h[ev] +5i\s1 w nev] advance ! sci5ce ( education s mu* z simple exp]im5ts4 ,no elaborate !ory ( inv5tion %all "h al>m p>5ts4 ,x is a mi/ake1 to suppose t ! inv5tive faculty c be employ$ only on important subjects2 x c be ex]cis$ 9 ! mo/ trifl+ circum/ances ( dome/ic life4 ,sc>cely any family c be s un=tunately situat$1 t !y may n employ ! +5uity ( _! *ildr5 )\t viol5t ex]tion1 or any gr& app>atus4 ,let u only make use ( ! circum/ances :i* happ5 e h\r4 ,*ildr5 are int]e/$ 9 e ?+ t is go+ =w>d4 ,build+1 or plant+1 or conv]sation1 or read+2 !y att5d to e ?+1 & f e ?+ might !y ) a little assi/ance obta9 in/ruction4 ,let _! useful curiosity be enc\rag$2 let !m make a "p ( ! g5]al society ( ! family1 in/ead ( be+ treat$ z if !y _h nei!r s5ses nor und]/&+4 ,:5 any ?+ is to be done1 let !m be ask$ to inv5t ! be/ way ( do+ x4 ,:5 !y see t _! inv5tion becomes imm$iately useful1 !y w take pleasure 9 ex]t+ !mselves4 ,june #d?1 #agif4 ,a lady1 :o _h be5 rul+ p5cil l9es = a consid]able "t1 compla9$ ( its be+ a tiresome op]ation2 & %e wi%$ t a quick & easy way ( do+ x c\ld be inv5t$4 ,somebody pres5t said !y _h se5 p5s = rul+ music books1 :i* rul$ f\r l9es at a "t2 & x 0 ask$1 :e!r a lead5 rake c\ld n be made to rule a %eet ( pap] at once4 ,mr4 ---- said1 t he ?\ght su* a p5cil w\ld n rule well2 & he call$ to ,s----1 7! same boy we m5tion$ be=e7 & ask$ him if he c\ld inv5t any me?od ( do+ ! bus9ess bett]4 ,s---- took ab\t a qu>t] ( an h\r to consid]2 & he !n describ$ a little ma*9e = rul+ a %eet ( pap] at a s+le /roke1 :i* 8 fa!r _h execut$ = him4 ,x succe$$ well1 & ?is success 0 ! be/ rew>d he c\ld h4 ,ano!r day ,mr4 ---- obs]v$1 t ! maid1 ^: bus9ess x 0 to empty a bucket ( a%es into an a%-hole1 nev] c\ld be p]suad$ to d x1 because ! a%es 7 bl[n aga9/ h] face by ! w9d2 & he det]m9$ to inv5t a me?od :i* %\ld make x conv5i5t to h] to d z %e 0 desir$4 ,! maid usually ?rew ! a%es into a heap on ! %elt]$ side ( a wall2 ! ?+ to be done 01 to make h] put ! bucket ?r\gh a hole 9 ?is wall1 & empty ! a%es on ! o!r side4 ,?is problem 0 giv5 to all ! *ildr5 & gr[n up p]sons 9 ! family4 ,"o ( ! *ildr5 inv5t$ ! %elf1 :i*1 !y said1 %\ld be l "p ( ! vane ( a w9n[+ ma*9e :i* !y _h lately se52 ! mann] ( plac+ ?is vane1 ano!r ( ! *ildr5 sugge/$3 bo? ^! ideas jo9$ toge!r1 produc$ ! contrivance :i* 0 want$4 ,a little model 0 made 9 wood ( ?is bucket1 :i* 0 a pretty toy4 ,! ?+ itself 0 execut$1 & 0 f\nd useful4 ,june #h?1 #agif4 ,mr4 ---- 0 balanc+ a pair ( scales v exactly1 9 :i* he 0 go+ to weigh "s opium2 ?is l$ to a conv]sation ^u scales & weigh+4 ,"s "o said t ! deal]s 9 diamonds mu/ h v exact scales1 z ! diff]5ce ( a gra9 makes su* a great diff]5ce 9 _! value4 ,s---- 0 v att5tive to ?is conv]sation4 ,m----told him1 t jewell]s always1 if !y c1 buy diamonds :5 ! air is light1 & sell !m :5 x is heavy4 ,s---- did n und]/& ! reason ( ?is1 till 8 fa!r expla9$ to him ! g5]al pr9ciples ( hydro/atics1 & %[$ him a few exp]im5ts ) bodies ( diff]5t specific gravity3 ^! exp]im5ts 7 di/9ctly und]/ood by e body pres5t4 ,! boy !n obs]v$1 t x 0 n fair ( ! jewell]s to buy & sell 9 ?is mann]2 !y %\ld n1 said he1 use ^! weights4 ,diamonds %\ld be ! weights4 ,diamonds %\ld be weigh$ aga9/ diamonds4 ,novemb]1 #agie4 ,"o day aft] d9n]1 ! c&les _h be5 left = "s "t )\t be+ snuff$2 & ,mr4 ---- said he wi%$ c&les c\ld be made :i* w\ld n require snuff+4 ,mrs4 9999999999999999 ?\ght ( cutt+ ! wick into sev]al pieces be=e x 0 put into ! c&le1 t s1 :5 x burn$ d[n to ! divisions1 ! wick might fall (f4 ,m---- ?\ght t ! wick might be ti$ tight r\nd at int]vals1 be=e x 0 put into ! c&le2 t :5 x burn$ d[n to ! places :]e x 0 ti$1 x w\ld snap (f3 b ,mr4 ---- object$1 t ! c&le w\ld mo/ likely g out :5 x _h burn$ d[n to h] knots4 ,x 0 !n propos$ to s5d a /ream ( oxyg5e ?r\gh ! c&le1 in/ead ( a wick4 ,m---- ask$ if "s sub/ance might n be us$ = wicks :i* %\ld burn into p[d]1 & fly (f or sublime4 ,mr4 ---- smil$ at ?is1 & said1 ,"s sub/ance2 "s k9d ( air2 "s *emical mixture6 ,a p]son ignorant ( *emi/ry always talks (1 z an ignorant p]son 9 me*anics always says1 ,oh1 y c d x someh[ ) a spr+4 ,z ! company c\ld n imm$iately discov] any way ( mak+ c&les :i* %\ld n require to be snuff$1 !y proce$$ to inv5t ways ( putt+ out a c&le at a c]ta9 "t )\t h&s4 ,! y\ng] "p ( ! company _h hopes ( solv+ ?is problem1 & e eye 0 att5tively fix$ ^u ! c&le4 ,h[ w\ld y put x out1 ,s----8 said ,mr4 ----4 ,s---- said1 t if a weight1 a v little light] ?an ! ext+ui%]1 7 ti$ to a /r+1 & if ! /r+ 7 put ov] a pulley1 & if ! ext+ui%] 7 ti$ to ! o!r end ( ! /r+1 & ! c&le put exactly "u ! ext+ui%]2 ! ext+ui%] w\ld move v1 v g5tly d[n1 & at la/ put out ! c&le4 ,mr4 ---- obs]v$1 t :il/ x 0 putt+ out ! c&le1 !re w\ld be a disagreeable smell1 because ! ext+ui%] w\ld be a consid]able "t mov+ v1 v g5tly d[n1 ov] ! c&le aft] ! c&le _h begun to g out4 ,c---- 7a girl ( twelve ye>s old7 spoke next4 ,i w\ld tie an ext+ui%] to "o end ( a ?read4 ,i w\ld put ?is /r+ ?r\gh a pulley fa/5$ to ! ceil+2 ! o!r end ( ?is /r+ %\ld be fa/5$ to ! middle ( ano!r ?read1 :i* %\ld be /ra9$ betwe5 two po/s set upright on ea* side ( ! c&le1 s z t ! latt] /r+ might lean aga9/ ! c&le at any di/ance y want bel[ ! flame4 ,:5 ! c&le burns d[n to ?is /r+1 x w burn x 9 two1 & ! ext+ui%] w drop ^u ! c&le4 ,?is is ! exact description ( ! weav]'s al>m1 m5tion$ 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions :i* ,c---- _h nev] se5 or he>d (4 ,mr4 ---- n[ %[$ u ! pat5t ext+ui%]1 :i* 0 mu* approv$ ( by all ! rival inv5tors4 ,x is v useful to give *ildr5 problems :i* h already be5 solv$1 because !y c imm$iately comp>e _! own imp]fect ideas ) successful inv5tions1 :i* h actually be5 br\ght into real use4 ,we "k be=eh& :at ideas are necess>y to complete ! inv5tion1 & :e!r ! pupil has all ! necess>y k4 ,?\gh by ! c\rtesy ( poetry1 a creative p[] is ascrib$ to inv5tive g5ius1 yet we mu/ be conv9c$ t no g5ius c inv5t )\t mat]ials4 ,no?+ c come ( no?+4 ,inv5tion is no?+ m ?an ! new comb9ation ( mat]ials4 ,we mu/ judge 9 g5]al ( ! ease or difficulty ( any inv5tion1 ei!r by ! numb] ( ideas necess>y to be comb9$1 or by ! dissimil>ity or analogy ( ^? ideas4 ,9 giv+ any problem to *ildr51 we %\ld n only consid] :e!r !y "k all t is necess>y ^u ! subject1 b also1 :e!r t k is suffici5tly famili> to _! m9ds1 :e!r circum/ances are likely to recall x1 & :e!r !y h a p]fectly ,cle> idea ( ! ?+ to be done4 ,by consid]+ all ^! p>ticul>s1 we may pretty ne>ly proportion our que/ions to ! capacity ( ! pupil2 & we may lead 8 m9d on /ep by /ep f obvi\s to intricate inv5tions4 ,july #cj?1 #agif4 ,l----1 :o _h j return$ f ,ed9burgh1 & _h tak5 d[n 9 two l>ge volumes1 ,dr4 ,black's ,lectures1 us$ to read to u "p ( !m1 = ab\t a qu>t] ( an h\r1 e morn+ aft] breakfa/4 ,he 0 frequ5tly int]rupt$ 7:i* int]ruptions he bore ) h]oic pati5ce7 by ,mr4 ----'s explanations & comm5ts4 ,:5 he came to ! expansive p[] ( /eam1 & to ! description ( ! diff]5t /eam eng9es :i* h be5 inv5t$1 ,mr4 ---- /opp$ to ask ,b----1 ,c----1 & ,s----1 to describe ! /eam eng9e 9 _! own words4 ,!y all describ$ x 9 su* a mann] z to %[ t !y cle>ly und]/ood ! pr9ciple ( ! ma*9e4 ,only ! g5]al pr9ciple _h be5 expla9$ to !m4 ,l----1 aft] hav+ read ! description ( ,sav>y's & ,newcom5's /eam eng9es1 0 beg9n+ to read ! description ( t inv5t$ by ,mr4 ,watt2 b ,mr4 ---- /opp$ him1 t he might try :e!r any p]son pres5t c\ld inv5t x4 ,mr4 ,e---- ?us /at$ ! difficulty3 ,9 ! old /eam eng9e1 cold wat]1 y "k1 is ?r[n into ! cyl9d] to cond5se ! /eam2 b 9 cond5s+ ! /eam1 ! cold wat] at ! same "t cools ! cyl9d]4 ,n[ ! cyl9d] mu/ be heat$ aga91 be=e x c be fill$ ) /eam2 = till x is heat$1 x w cond5se ! /eam4 ,!re is1 consequ5tly1 a great wa/e ( heat & fuel 9 ! great cyl9d]4 ,h[ c y cond5se ! /eam )\t cool+ ! cyl9d]8 ,s----4 ,let d[n a cold t9 tube into ! cyl9d] :5 y want to cond5se ! /eam1 & draw x up aga9 z soon z ! /eam is cond5s$2 or1 if y c\ld put a cyl9d] ( ice up ! great tube4 ,"s ( ! company next ask$1 if an horizontal plate ( cold metal1 made to slide up ! inside ( ! cyl9d]1 w\ld cond5se ! /eam4 ,! edges ( ! plate only w\ld t\* ! cyl9d]2 ! surface ( ! plate might cond5se ! /eam4 ,b1 said ,mr4 ----h[ c y introduce & )draw x8 ,c---- 7a girl ( #ab7 !n said1 ,i w\ld put a cold vessel to cond5se ! /eam at ! top ( ! cyl9d]4 ,mr4 ----4 ,s z to t\* ! cyl9d]1 d y mean8 ,c----4 ,no1 n s z to t\* ! cyl9d]1 b at "s di/ance f x4 ,mr4 ----4 ,!n ! cold air w\ld ru% into ! cyl9d] :il/ ! /eam 0 pass+ f ! cyl9d] to y\r cond5s]4 ,c----4 ,b ,i w\ld cov] 9 ! cold vessel1 & ,i w\ld cov] 9 ! passage to x4 ,mr4 ----4 ,i h ! pleasure ( in=m+ y1 t y h inv5t$ "p ( ! great ,mr4 ,watt's improvem5t on ! /eam eng9e4 ,y see h[ x facilitates inv5tion1 to beg9 by /at+ ! difficulty cle>ly to ! m9d4 ,?is is :at e practical inv5tor does :5 he inv5ts 9 me*anics4 ,l---- 7smil+47 ,& :at ,i always d 9 inv5t+ a ma!matical demon/ration4 ,to ! good natur$ read] we ne$ (f] no apology2 to ! ill natur$ we d>e attempt none1 = introduc+ ^! detail$ views ( ! fir/ attempts ( "y inv5tion4 ,!y are n exhibit$ z models1 ei!r to d hon\r to ! tutor or 8 pupils2 b simply to %[1 h[ ! m9d may be l$ f ! easie/ /eps1 to :at are suppos$ to be difficult 9 education4 ,by imag9+ ourselves to be 9 ! same situation ) *ildr51 we may guess :at ?+s are difficult to !m2 & if we c recollect ! c\rse ( our own m9ds 9 acquir+ k1 or 9 inv5t+1 we may by retrac+ ! same /eps in/ruct o!rs4 ,! ord] t is frequ5tly foll[$ by au?ors1 9 ! division & subdivision ( _! elem5t>y treatises1 is n always ! be/ = ^? :o are to le>n4 ,su* au?ors are usually m int5t ^u prov+ to ! le>n$ t !y und]/& _! subject1 ?an ^u communicat+ _! k to ! ignorant4 ,p>5ts & tutors mu/1 !re=e1 supply famili> oral in/ruction1 & ^? simple1 b ess5tial explanations1 :i* books disda91 or neglect to give4 ,& !re is ?is advantage 9 all in/ruction giv5 9 conv]sation1 t x c be made int]e/+ by a ?\s& little circum/ances1 :i* are bel[ ! dignity ( didactic writ]s4 ,gradually we may proce$ f simple to m complicat$ contrivances4 ,! inv5tion ( exp]im5ts to det]m9e a !ory1 or to asc]ta9 ! tru? ( an ass]tion1 mu/ be p>ticul>ly useful to ! und]/&+4 ,any p]son1 :o has att5d$ to exp]im5ts 9 *emi/ry & natural philosophy1 mu/ "k1 t inv5tion c be z fully & elegantly display$ ^u ^! subjects z ^u any 9 ! f9e arts or lit]ature4 ,!re is "o great advantage 9 sci5tific inv5tion2 x is n dep5d5t ^u caprici\s ta/e = its rew>d4 ,! beauty & elegance ( a poem may be disput$ by a ?\s& amateurs2 !re c be b "o op9ion ab\t ! tru? ( a discov]y 9 sci5ce4 ,indep5d5t ( all ambition1 !re is consid]able pleasure 9 ! pursuit ( exp]im5tal k4 ,*ildr5 especially1 be=e !y are yet fools to fame1 enjoy ?is sub/antial pleasure4 ,nor are we to suppose t *ildr5 h n capacities = su* pursuits2 !y are peculi>ly suit$ to _! capacity4 ,!y love to see exp]im5ts tri$1 & to try !m4 ,!y %[ ?is disposition n only :]ev] !y are enc\rag$1 b :]ev] !y are p]mitt$ to %[ x2 & if we comp>e _! me?od ( reason+ ) ! reason+s ( ! le>n$1 we %all sometimes be surpris$4 ,!y h no prejudices1 !re=e !y h ! complete use ( all _! s5ses2 !y h few ideas1 b ^? few are di/9ct2 !y c be analyz$ & comp>$ ) ease2 *ildr51 !re=e1 judge & inv5t bett]1 9 proportion to _! k1 ?an mo/ gr[n up p4 ,dr4 ,hooke obs]ves1 t a s5sible man1 9 solv+ any philosophical problem1 %\ld always lean to t side :i* is opposite to 8 fav\rite ta/e4 ,a *emi/ is dispos$ to acc\nt = e ?+ by *emical means2 a geometrician is incl9$ to solve e problem geometrically2 & a me*anic acc\nts = all ! ph5om5a ( nature by ! laws ( me*anism4 ,?is undue bias ^u ! m9ds ( +5i\s p1 has frequ5tly r5d]$ _! tal5ts less useful to mank9d4 ,x is ! duty ( ^? :o educate +5i\s *ildr51 to gu>d aga9/ ?is species ( sci5tific insanity4 ,!re are prejudices ( ano!r description1 :i* are fatal to inv5tive g5ius2 "s ( ^! are usually f\nd to att5d ignorance1 & o!rs sometimes adh]e to ! le>n$4 ,ignorant p1 if !y possess any degree ( inv5tion1 are s confid5t 9 _! own abilities1 t !y w n take ! pa9s to inquire :at o!rs h ?\ght or done2 !y disda9 all g5]al pr9ciples1 & w r scramble ?r\gh "s by-pa? ( _! own /rik+ out1 ?an condesc5d to be %[n ! be/ road by ! mo/ enlight5$ guide4 ,= ?is reason1 self-taught g5iuses1 z !y are call$1 seldom g beyond a c]ta9 po9t 9 _! own education1 & ! praise we be/[ ^u _! +5uity is always accompani$ ) expressions ( regret3 ,x is a pity t su* a g5ius _h n ! advantages ( a good education4 ,! le>n$1 on ! contr>y1 :o h be5 br$ up 9 rev]5ce = e/abli%$ op9ions1 & :o h felt 9 _m in/ances ! advantage ( g5]al pr9ciples1 are apt to adh]e too p]t9aci\sly to _! !ories1 & h5ce !y neglect or despise new obs]vations4 ,h[ long did ! maxim1 t nature abhors a vacuum1 cont5t ! le>n$6 ,& h[ _m discov]ies 7 ret>d$ by ?is s+le false pr9ciple6 ,= a great numb] ( ye>s x 0 affirm$ & believ$1 t all objects 7 se5 by ! int]v5tion ( visual rays1 proce$+ f ! eye mu* 9 ! same mann] z we feel any object at a di/ance f u by ! help ( a /ick4#ee ,:il/ ?is absurd analogy satisfi$ ! m9d1 no discov]ies 7 made 9 vision1 none 7 attempt$4 ,a prepossession (t5 misleads ! indu/ry ( active g5ius4 ,dr4 ,hooke1 9 spite ( ! ridicule :i* he met )1 0 firm 9 8 belief1 t mank9d w\ld discov] "s me?od ( sail+ 9 ! air4 ,balloons h ju/ifi$ 8 pr$iction2 b all 8 own indu/ry 9 try+ exp]im5ts ^u fly+ 0 wa/$1 because he p]si/$ 9 foll[+ a false analogy to ! w+s ( birds4 ,he made w+s ( v>i\s sorts2 till he took x = grant$ t he mu/ le>n to fly by me*anical means3 _h he appli$ to *emi/ry1 he might h succe$$4 ,x is curi\s to obs]ve1 h[ ne>ly he once t\*$ ^u ! discov]y1 & yet1 misl$ by 8 prepossessions1 quitt$ 8 hold4 ,he obs]v$1 t ! air cells#ef ( fi%es are fill$ ) air1 :i* buoys !m up 9 ! wat]2 & he supposes t ?is air is light] ?an common air4 ,_h he pursu$ ?is idea1 he might h inv5t$ balloons2 b he return$ ) fatal p]sev]ance to 8 old !ory ( w+s4 ,f su* facts1 we may le>n ! p[] & dang] ( prejudice 9 ! mo/ +5i\s m9ds2 & we %all be c>eful to pres]ve our pupils e>ly f its bl9d dom9ion4 ,! be/ pres]vation aga9/ ! presumption to :i* ignorance is liable1 & ! be/ pres]vative aga9/ ! self suffici5cy to :i* ! le>n$ are subject1 is ! habit ( v>y+ our /udies & occupations4 ,^? :o h a g5]al view ( ! :ole map ( human k1 p]ceive h[ _m unexplor$ regions are yet to be cultivat$ by future indu/ry2 nor w !y implicitly submit to ! reports ( ignorant voyag]s4 ,no imag9>y pill>s ( ,h]cules1 w b\nd _! ent]prises4 ,!re is no presumption 9 believ+1 t mu* m is possible to sci5ce ?an ev] human +5uity has execut$2 !re=e1 "y p %\ld n be ridicul$ = t sangu9e temp] :i* excites to great inv5tions4 ,!y %\ld be ridicul$ only :5 !y imag9e t !y possess ! means ( do+ ?+s to :i* !y are unequal4 ,! fe> ( ?is des]v$ ridicule1 w /imulate !m to acquire k1 & w induce !m to e/imate cauti\sly _! own p[]s be=e !y haz>d _! reputation4 ,we ne$ n fe> t ?is caution %\ld repress _! activity ( m9d2 ambition w secure _! p]sev]ance1 if !y are taught t e acquisition is )9 ! rea* ( unremitt+ indu/ry4 ,?is is n an op9ion to be artfully inculcat$ to s]ve a p>ticul> purpose1 b x is an op9ion drawn f exp]i5ce2 an op9ion :i* m5 ( ! highe/ abilities & integrity1 ( tal5ts & habits ! mo/ dissimil>1 h confirm$ by _! unit$ te/imony4 ,helvetius ma9ta9$1 t no great man ev] =m$ a great design :i* he 0 n also capable ( execut+4 ,ev5 :]e great p]sev]ance is ex]cis$1 ! *oice ( ! subjects on :i* ! inv5tive p[]s are employ$ det]m9es1 9 a great measure1 _! value3 !re=e1 9 ! education ( +5i\s *ildr51 we %\ld gradually turn _! att5tion f curi\s trifles to important objects4 ,bov]ick1#eg :o made *a9s to yoke a flea1 mu/ h possess$ exquisite pati5ce2 besides 8 *a9 ( two hundr$ l9ks1 ) its padlock & key1 all weigh+ toge!r less ?an ! ?ird "p ( a gra91 ?is indefatigable m9ute artific] 0 ! mak] ( a l&au1 :i* op5$ & %ut by spr+s3 ?is equipage1 ) six horses h>ness$ to x1 a coa*man sitt+ on ! box1 ) a dog betwe5 8 legs1 f\r inside & two outside pass5g]s1 besides a po/ilion rid+ "o ( ! =e horses1 0 drawn ) all ! ease & safety imag9able by a well tra9$ flea6 ,! inv5tor & executor ( ?is pu]ile ma*9e1 be/[$ on x1 probably1 z mu* "t z w\ld h suffic$ to produce ,watt's fire eng9e1 or ,montgolfi]'s balloon4 ,x did n1 p]haps1 co/ ! ,m>quis ( ,worce/] m ex]tion to draw out 8 celebrat$ c5tury ( inv5tions2 x did n1 p]haps1 co/ ,newton m to write ^? qu]ies :i* ,maclaur9 said he c\ld nev] read )\t feel+ 8 hair /& on end ) admiration4 ,brebeuf1 a ,fr5* wit1 wrote a hundr$ & fifty epigrams ^u a pa9t$ lady2 a bro!r wit1 fir$ ) emulation1 wrote ^u ! same subject ?ree hundr$ m1 mak+ 9 all f\r hundr$ & fifty epigrams1 ea* ) appropriate turns ( _! own4 ,probably1 ,pope & ,p>nell did n rack _! inv5tion s mu*1 or ex]cise m indu/ry 9 complet+ ,! ,rape ( ! ,lock1 or ,! ,rise ( ,woman4 ,^! w live = ev]2 :o w read ! f\r hundr$ & fifty epigrams8 ,! mo/ effectual me?ods to disc\rage 9 "y p ! ta/e = frivol\s +5uity1 w be1 nev] to admire ^! labori\s no?+s1 to comp>e !m ) useful & elegant inv5tions1 & to %[ t va9 curiosities c be b ! wond] & amusem5t ( a mom5t4 ,*ildr5 :o beg9 ) trifl+ inv5tions1 may be l$ f ^! to g5]al pr9ciples2 & ) _! k1 _! ambition w necess>ily increase4 ,x _c be expect$ t ! mo/ enl>g$ plan ( education c\ld e>ly give an intimate acqua9tance ) all ! sci5ces2 b ) _! lead+ pr9ciples1 _! g5]al hi/ory1 _! pres5t /ate1 & _! imm$iate desid]ata1#eh "y p may1 & ought to be1 made acqua9t$4 ,_! own indu/ry w aft]w>ds collect m precise in=mation1 & !y w nev] wa/e _! "t 9 va9 /udies & fruitless inv5tions4 ,ev5 if ! cultivation ( ! memory 7 our gr& object1 ?is plan ( education w succe$4 ,:5 ! ,abb de ,longu]ue1 ^: prodigi\s memory we h =m]ly m5tion$1 0 ask$ by ! ,m>quis d',arg5son1 h[ he manag$ to arrange & reta9 9 8 head e ?+ t ent]$ x1 & to recollect e ?+ :5 want$8 ,! ,abb answ]$3 ,sir1 ! elem5ts ( e sci5ce mu/ be le>n$ :il/ we are v "y2 ! fir/ pr9ciples ( e language2 ! a b c1 z ,i may say1 ( e k9d ( k3 ?is is n difficult 9 y\?1 especially z x is n necess>y to p5etrate f>2 simple notions are suffici5t2 :5 once ^! are acquir$1 e ?+ we read aft]w>ds1 f9ds its prop] place4 ,,footnotes3 #ci ,v4 ,plut>*4 ,qu9tilian4 #dj ,b]+ton's ,hi/ory ( ! ,lives ( ,abeill>d & ,heloisa1 page #agc4 #da ,eloge de ,m4 ,l',abb d',al>y4 #db ,m>quis d',arg5son's ,essays1 page #che4 #dc ,d',alemb]t's ,eloge de ,m4 d',al>y4 #dd ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 vol4 ii4 page #ade4 #de ,prie/ley on ,electricity1 page #cag4 #df ,full]1 au?or ( ! ,wor?ies ( ,engl&4 ,see ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 vol4 i4 #dg ,v4 ,*apt] on ,books1 & on ,geography4 #dh ,dr4 ,d>w94 ,zoonomia4 #di ,at ! end ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,vision4 #ej ,nov4 #g1 #agdi4 ,electrical fluid agrees ) lightn+ 9 ^! p>ticul>s4 #a4 ,giv+ light4 #b4 ,col\r ( ! light4 #c4 ,crook$ direction4 #d4 ,swift motion4 #e4 ,be+ conduct$ by metals4 #f4 ,crack or noise 9 explod+4 #g4 ,subsi/+ 9 wat] or ice4 #h4 ,r5d+ bodies x passes ?r\gh4 #i4 ,de/roy+ animals4 #aj4 ,melt+ metals4 #aa4 ,fir+ inflammable sub/ances4 #ab4 ,sulphure\s smell4 ,! electric fluid is attract$ by po9ts4 ,we d n "k :e!r ?is prop]ty is 9 lightn+4 ,b s9ce !y agree 9 all ! p>ticul>s :]e9 we c already comp>e !m1 is x n probable !y agree likewise 9 ?is8 ,let ! exp]im5t be made4 ,dr4 ,frankl9's ,lett]s1 page #cbb4 #ea ,helvetius1 ,sur l',esprit4 #eb ,see preface to ,l',esprit des ,roma9s considr4 #ec ,see ! acc\nt 9 ! ,mon?ly ,review4 #ed ,he _h tri$ to s+ x to ! tune ( ,hope1 ?\ nurse ( "y desire4 #ee ,prie/ley on ,vision1 vol4 i4 page #bc4 #ef ,v4 ,hooke's ,po/hum\s ,works4 #eg ,hooke's ,mycrographia1 p4 #fb4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,ta/e ,,& ,,imag9ation4 ,figurative language seems to h conf\nd$ ! ideas ( mo/ writ]s ^u metaphysics4 ,imag9ation1 ,memory1 & ,reason1 h be5 long introduc$ to our acqua9tance z allegorical p]sonages1 & we h ins5sibly le>n$ to consid] !m z real be+s4 ,! viewless regions ( ! s\l1 h be5 portion$ out among/ ^! ideal sov]eigns2 b disputes h1 nev]!less1 sometimes aris5 conc]n+ ! b\nd>ies ( intellectual prov9ces4 ,among/ ! disput$ t]ritories1 ^? ( ,imag9ation h be5 mo/ frequ5tly ! seat ( w>2 h] empire has be5 subject to cont9ual revolution2 h] dom9ions h be51 by pot5t invad]s1 divid$ & subdivid$4 ,fancy1#ei ,memory1#fj ,ideal pres5ce1#fa & ,conception1#fb h %>$ h] spoils4 ,by poets1 imag9ation has be5 address$ z ! great p>5t ( g5ius1 z ! arbit]1 if n ! creator1 ( our pleasures2 by philosoph]s1 h] "n has be5 sometimes pron\nc$ ) horror2 to h] fatal delusions1 !y h ascrib$ all ! crimes & mis]ies ( mank9d4 ,yet1 ev5 philosoph]s h n always agre$ 9 _! op9ions3 :il/ "s h treat$ ,imag9ation ) contempt1 z ! irreconcileable enemy ( ,reason1 by o!rs#fc %e has be5 consid]$ ) m respect1 z ,reason's insep>able fri5d2 z ! fri5d :o collects & prep>es all ! argum5ts ^u :i* ,reason decides2 z ! injur$1 misrepres5t$ p[] :o is (t5 =c$ to supply h] adv]s>ies ) eloqu5ce1 :o is (t5 call$ ^u to preside at h] own trial1 & to pron\nce h] own condemnation4 ,imag9ation is ! p[]1 we are told1 ( =m+ images3 ! ^w image1 h[ev]1 does n1 /rictly speak+1 express any ?+ m ?an a repres5tation ( an object ( sight2 b ! p[] ( imag9ation ext5ds to objects ( all ! s5ses4 ,i he> a voice y _c he>1 ,:i* says ,i mu/ n /ay4 ,i see a h& y _c see1 ,:i* beckons me away4 ,imag9ation he>s ! voice1 z well z sees ! h&2 by an easy lic5se ( metaphor1 :at 0 orig9ally us$ to express ! op]ation ( our s5ses1 is ext5d$ to !m all4 ,we d n precisely say1 t ,imag9ation1 =ms images ( pa/ s\nds1 or ta/es1 or smells2 b we say t %e =ms ideas ( !m2 & ideas1 we are told1 are m5tal images4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ by ,dr4 ,d>w91 t all ^! analogies betwe5 images & ?\ghts h1 probably1 orig9at$ 9 our obs]v+ ! little pictures pa9t$ on ! ret9a ( ! eye4 ,x is difficult c]ta9ly1 if n impossible1 to speak ( ! invisible op]ations ( ! m9d or body1 )\t express+ ourselves 9 metaphor ( "s k9d or o!r2 & we are easily misl$ by allusions to s5sible objects1 because :5 we compreh5d ! allusion1 we flatt] ourselves t we und]/& ! !ory :i* x is design$ to illu/rate4 ,:e!r we call ideas images 9 popul> language1 or vibrations1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,h>tley's sy/em1 or modes ( s5sation ) ,condillac1 or motions ( ! s5sorium1 9 ! language ( ,dr4 ,d>w91 may seem a matt] ( indiff]5ce4 ,b ev5 ! *oices ( names is n a matt] ( indiff]5ce to ^? :o wi% to argue accurately2 :5 !y are oblig$ to describe _! feel+s or ?\ghts by metaphoric expressions1 !y w pref] ! simple/2 ^? ) :i* ! fewe/ extrane\s associations are connect$4 ,words :i* call up a v>iety ( het]og5e\s ideas to our m9ds1 are unfit = ! purposes ( sob] reason+2 our att5tion is di/ract$ by !m1 & we _c re/ra9 x to ! accurate comp>ison ( simple proportions4 ,we yield to pleas+ rev]ie1 in/ead ( ex]t+ pa9ful volunt>y att5tion4 ,h5ce x is probably useful 9 our attempts to reason1 especially ^u metaphysical subjects1 to *ange f "t to "t our nom5clature1#fd & to sub/itute t]ms :i* h no relation to our old associations1 & :i* d n affect ! prejudices ( our education4 ,we are oblig$ to def9e ) "s degree ( accuracy ! s5se ( new t]ms1 & we are ?us l$ to comp>e our old notions ) m sev]ity4 ,our sup]/iti\s rev]5ce = m]e symbols is also dissipat$2 symbols are apt to impose ev5 ^u ^? :o ackn[l$ge _! vanity1 & :o pr(ess to consid] !m m]ely z objects ( vulg> wor%ip4 ,:5 we call a class ( our ideas images & pictures1 a tribe ( associations ) pa9t+ comes into our m9d1 & we argue ab\t ,imag9ation z if %e 7 actually a pa9tress1 :o has col\rs at h] comm&1 & :o1 ^u "s invisible canvass 9 ! s\l1 portrays ! lik5ess ( all e>?ly & cele/ial objects4 ,:5 we cont9ue to pursue ! same metaphor 9 speak+ ( ! moral influ5ce ( ,imag9ation1 we say t h] col\r+ deceives u1 t h] pictures are flatt]+ & false1 t %e draws objects out ( proportion1 c4 ,to :at d all ^! metaphors lead8 ,we make no new discov]ies by talk+ 9 ?is mann]2 we d n le>n ! cause or ! cure ( any ( ! diseases ( ! m9d2 we only p]suade ourselves t we "k some?+1 :5 we are really ignorant4 ,we h s$ul\sly avoid$ ent]+ into any metaphysical disquisitions2 b we h exam9$ ) c>e ! sy/ems ( !oretic writ]s1 t we may be able to avail ourselves ( su* ( _! obs]vations z c be r$uc$ to practice 9 education4 ,) respect to ! arts1 imag9ation may be consid]$ practically 9 two po9ts ( view1 z x relates to our ta/e1 & z x relates to our tal5ts = ! arts4 ,)\t be+ a poet1 or an orator1 a man may h a suffici5t degree ( imag9ation to receive pleasure f ! tal5ts ( o!rs2 he may be a critical judge ( ! respective m]its ( orators1 poets1 & arti/s4 ,?is s5sibility to ! pleasures ( ! imag9ation1 :5 judici\sly manag$1 adds mu* to ! happ9ess ( life1 & x mu/ be peculi>ly advantage\s to ^? :o are preclud$ by _! /ation 9 society f ! necessity ( manual lab\r4 ,m5tal ex]cise1 & m5tal amusem5ts1 are ess5tial to p]sons 9 ! high] ranks ( life1 :o w\ld escape f ! fev] ( dissipation1 or f ! le?>gy ( ennui4 ,! m]e physical advantages :i* weal? c procure1 are r$ucible to ! %ort sum ( meat1 fire1 & clo!s4 ,a nobleman ( ! highe/ bir?1 & ) ! longe/ l9e ( ance/ry1 inh]its no intuitive ta/e1 nor c he pur*ase x f ! arti/1 ! pa9t]1 or ! poet2 ! possession ( ! :ole ,p9elli libr>y c\ld n infuse ! slighte/ portion ( lit]ature4 ,education c alone give ! full p[] to enjoy ! real advantages ( =tune4 ,to educate ! ta/e & ! imag9ation1 x is n necess>y to surr\nd ! heir ( an opul5t family ) ma/]s & connoisseurs4 ,let him nev] he> ! j>gon ( amateurs1 let him le>n ! art n to admire4 ,b 9 8 e>lie/ *ildhood cultivate 8 s5ses ) c>e1 t he may be able to see & he>1 to feel & und]/&1 = himself4 ,visible images he w rapidly collect 9 8 memory2 b ^! mu/ be select$1 & 8 fir/ associations mu/ n be tru/$ to accid5t4 ,enc\rage him to obs]ve ) att5tion all ! works ( nature1 b %[ him only ! be/ imitations ( art2 ! fir/ objects t he contemplates ) delight1 w rema9 long associat$ ) pleasure 9 8 imag9ation2 y mu/1 !re=e1 be c>eful1 t ^! e>ly associations accord ) ! decisions ( ^? :o h det]m9$ ! national /&>d ( ta/e4 ,9 _m in/ances ta/e is gov]n$ by arbitr>y & v>iable laws2 ! fa%ions ( dress1 ( decoration1 ( mann]1 *ange f day to day2 !re=e no exclusive prejudices %\ld conf9e y\r pupil's und]/&+4 ,let him "k1 z f> z we "k !m1 ! g5]al pr9ciples :i* gov]n mank9d 9 _! admiration ( ! sublime & beautiful2 b at ! same "t give him t enl>g$ tol]ation ( m9d1 :i* compreh5ds ! possibility ( a ta/e diff]5t f our own4 ,%[ him1 & y ne$ n g fur!r ?an ! ,indian skre51 or ! ,*9ese pap] 9 y\r draw+ room1 = ! illu/ration1 t ! sublime & beautiful v>y at ,pek91 at ,london1 on ,we/m9/] bridge1 & on ! banks ( ! ,ganges4 ,let y\r "y pupil look ov] a collection ( gems or ( anci5t m$als2 x is necess>y t 8 eye %\ld be e>ly accu/om$ to ,grecian beauty1 & to all ! classic =ms ( grace4 ,b d n suff] him to become a bigot1 ?\gh he may be an en?usia/ 9 8 admiration ( ! antique4 ,%ort lessons ^u ?is subject may be convey$ 9 a few words4 ,if a *ild sees y look at ! bottom ( a pr9t = ! "n ( ! arti/1 be=e y w v5ture to pron\nce ^u its m]its1 he w foll[ y\r example1 & he w judge by ! au?ority ( o!rs1 & n by 8 own ta/e4 ,if he he>s y ask1 :o wrote ?is poem8 ,:o built ?is palace8 ,is ?is a g5u9e antique8 he w ask ! same que/ions be=e he v5tures to be pleas$4 ,if he he>s y pron\nce ) emphasis1 t su* a ?+ comes f ,italy1 & !re=e mu/ be 9 good ta/e1 he w take ! same comp5di\s me?od ( decision ^u ! fir/ conv5i5t occasion4 ,he w n tr\ble himself to exam9e :y utility pleases1 nor w he analyze 8 ta/e1 or discov] :y "o proportion or "o design pleases him bett] ?an ano!r2 he w1 if by example y tea* him prejudice1 cont5t himself ) repeat+ ! words1 proportion1 antique1 picturesque1 c4 )\t annex+ any precise ideas to ^! words4 ,p>5ts1 :o h n turn$ _! att5tion to metaphysics1 may1 p]haps1 appreh5d1 t !y h some?+ v ab/ruse or intricate to le>n1 be=e !y c in/ruct _! pupils 9 ! pr9ciples ( ta/e3 b ^! pr9ciples are simple1 & two or ?ree ent]ta9+ books1 ( no v al>m+ size1 comprise all t has yet be5 asc]ta9$ ^u ?is subject4 ,v]net's ,?orie des ,s5tim5ts ,agrables2 ,hog>?'s ,analysis ( ,beauty2 an ,essay ( ,hume's on ! /&>d ( ta/e2 ,burke's ,sublime & ,beautiful2 ,"l ,kames's ,elem5ts ( ,criticism2 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynold's ,disc\rses2 & ,alison on ,ta/e2 conta9 s mu* in/ruction1 mix$ ) s mu* amusem5t1 t we _c ?9k t x w be a t]rible task to any p>5t to p]use !m4 ,^! books are above ! compreh5sion ( *ildr52 b ! pr9ciples :i* !y conta91 c be v e>ly illu/rat$ 9 conv]sation4 ,x w be easy1 9 famili> in/ances1 to %[ *ildr5 t ! fitness1 propriety1 or utility ( c]ta9 =ms1 recomm5ds !m to our approbation3 t uni=mity1 an appe>ance ( ord] & regul>ity1 are1 9 "s cases1 agreeable to u2 contra/1 9 o!rs3 t "o class ( objects pleases u f habit1 ano!r f novelty1 c4 ,! g5]al pr9ciple t gov]ns ta/e1 9 ! greate/ v>iety ( in/ances1 is ! association ( ideas1 & ?is1 =tunately1 c be mo/ easily illu/rat$4 ,i l su* a p]son1 because h] voice puts me 9 m9d ( my "m's4 ,i l ?is walk1 because ,i 0 v happy ! la/ "t ,i 0 "h ) my si/]4 ,i ?9k gre5 is ! prettie/ ( all col\rs2 my fa!r's room is pa9t$ gre51 & x is v *e]ful1 & ,i h be5 v happy 9 t room2 &1 besides1 ! grass is gre5 9 spr+4 ,su* simple obs]vations z ^!1 come naturally f *ildr52 !y take notice ( ! influ5ce ( association ^u _! ta/e1 ?\gh1 p]haps1 !y may n ext5d _! obs]vations s z to d$uce ! g5]al pr9ciple accord+ to philosophical =ms4 ,we %\ld n lay d[n = !m ?is or any o!r pr9ciple ( ta/e1 z a rule :i* !y are to take = grant$2 b we %\ld lead !m to class _! own desultory rem>ks1 & we %\ld excite !m to att5d to _! own feel+s1 & to asc]ta9 ! tru?1 by exp]im5ts ^u !mselves4 ,we h (t5 obs]v$1 t *ildr5 h be5 mu* ent]ta9$ ) comp>+ ! accid5tal circum/ances !y h met )1 & ! unprem$itat$ expressions us$ 9 conv]sation1 ) any g5]al maxim4 ,9 ?is po9t ( view1 we may r5d] ev5 g5]al maxims s]viceable to *ildr51 because !y w excite to exp]im5t3 our pupils w detect _! falsehood1 or1 aft] suffici5t reflection1 ackn[l$ge _! tru?4 ,p]haps x may be ?\ght1 t ?is mode ( in/ruction w t5d r to improve ! judgm5t ?an ! ta/e2 b e p]son ( good ta/e1 mu/ h also a good judgm5t 9 matt]s ( ta/e3 sometimes ! judgm5t may h be5 p>tially ex]cis$ ^u a p>ticul> class ( objects1 & its accuracy ( discrim9ation may be conf9$ to ?is "o subject2 !re=e we ha/ily decide1 t1 because m5 ( ta/e may n always be m5 ( univ]sally good judgm5t1 ^! two p[]s ( ! m9d are unnecess>y to "o ano!r4 ,by tea*+ ! philosophy1 at ! same "t t we cultivate ! pleasures1 ( ta/e1 we %all op5 to our pupils a new _w2 we %all give !m a new s5se4 ,! pleasure ( e effect w be increas$ by ! p]ception ( its cause2 ! magic ( ! sc5]y w n lose its p[] to *>m1 ?\gh we are aw>e ( ! secret ( ! en*antm5t4 ,we h hi!rto spok5 ( ! ta/e = :at is beautiful2 a ta/e = ! sublime we %\ld be cauti\s 9 cultivat+4 ,obscurity & t]ror are two ( ! gr& s\rces ( ! sublime2 analyze ! feel+1 exam9e accurately ! object :i* creates ! emotion1 & y dissipate ! illusion1 y annihilate ! pleasure4 ,:at seem$ its head1 ! lik5ess ( a k+ly cr[n _h on4 ,! indi/9ctness ( ! head & ( ! k+ly cr[n1 makes ?is a sublime image4 ,^u ! same pr9ciple1 ,dang]1 ^: limbs1 ( giant m\ld1 ,no mortal eye c fix'd behold1 always mu/ appe> sublime z long z ! passion ( fe> op]ates4 ,w\ld x n1 h[ev]1 be imprud5t 9 education to p]mit t e>ly prop5sity to sup]/iti\s t]rors1 & t tempor>y susp5sion ( ! reason+ faculties1 :i* are (t5 ess5tial to our ta/e = ! sublime8 ,:5 we he> ( ,m>g>et's grimly gho/1 or ( ! dead /ill h\r ( night1 a sort ( awful tremor seizes u1 p>tly f ! effect ( e>ly associations1 & p>tly f ! solemn tone ( ! read]4 ,! e>ly associations :i* we p]haps h =m$ ( t]ror1 ) ! ideas ( app>itions1 & w9d+ %eets1 & sable %r\ds1 %\ld be unkn[n to *ildr54 ,! sil5t solemn h\r ( midnight1 %\ld n to !m be an h\r ( t]ror4 ,9 ! foll[+ poetic description ( ! beldam tell+ dreadful /ories to h] infant audi5ce1 we he> only ( ! pleasures ( ! imag9ation2 we d n recollect h[ de>ly ^! pleasures mu/ be pur*as$ by _! vot>ies3 99 99 99 99 99 99 f9ally by night ,! village matron1 r\nd ! blaz+ he>?1 ,susp5ds ! infant audi5ce ) h] tales1 ,brea?+ a/oni%m5t6 ( wit*+ rhymes1 ,& evil spirits2 ( ! dea?-b$ call ,( him :o robb$ ! wid[1 & dev\r'd ,! orphan's portion2 ( ! unquiet s\ls ,ris'n f ! grave to ease ! heavy guilt ,( de$s 9 life conceal$2 ( %apes t walk ,at dead ( night1 & clank _! *a9s1 & wave ,! tor* ( hell ar\nd ! murd'r]'s b$4 ,at e solemn pause ! cr[d recoil1 ,gaz+ ea* o!r spee*less1 & congeal'd ,) %iv'r+ sighs2 till1 eag] = ?' ev5t1 ,ar\nd ! beldam all erect !y hang1 ,ea* trembl+ he>t ) grateful t]rors quell'd4#fe ,no prud5t "m w ev] imitate ?is eloqu5t village matron1 nor w %e p]mit any beldam 9 ! nurs]y to conjure up ^! sublime %apes1 & to quell ! he>ts ( h] *ildr5 ) ^! grateful t]rors4 ,we 7 once pres5t :5 a gr\p ( spee*less *ildr5 sat li/5+ to ! /ory ( ,blue-be>d1 brea?+ a/oni%m5t4 ,a g5tleman :o saw ! *>m beg9n+ to op]ate1 resolv$ to c\nt]act its dang]\s influ5ce4 ,j at ! critical mom5t1 :5 ! fatal key drops f ! trembl+ h&s ( ! imprud5t wife1 ! g5tleman int]rupt$ ! awful pause ( sil5ce t ensu$1 & reque/$ p]mission to relate ! rema9d] ( ! /ory4 ,tragi-com$y does n (f5d ! ta/e ( "y1 s mu* z ( old critics2 ! transition f grave to gay 0 happily manag$4 ,blue-be>d's wife af=d$ mu* div]sion1 & lo/ all sympa?y ! mom5t %e 0 repres5t$ z a curi\s1 tattl+1 timid1 ridicul\s woman4 ,! t]rors ( ,blue-be>d himself subsid$ :5 he 0 prop]ly introduc$ to ! company2 & ! d5\em5t ( ! piece 0 manag$ mu* to ! ent]ta9m5t ( ! audi5ce2 ! cata/rophe1 in/ead ( freez+ _! "y blood1 produc$ g5]al laught]4 ,ludicr\s images1 ?us pres5t$ to ! m9d :i* has be5 prep>$ = horror1 h an in/antane\s effect ^u ! risible muscles3 x seems bett] to use ^! means ( c\nt]act+ ! t]rors ( ! imag9ation1 ?an to reason ^u ! subject :il/ ! fit is on2 reason %\ld be us$ betwe5 ! fits4#ff ,^? :o /udy ! m9ds ( *ildr5 "k ! nice t\*es :i* affect _! imag9ation1 & !y c1 by a few words1 *ange _! feel+s by ! p[] ( association4 ,f]d9& ,duke ( ,tuscany 0 once /ruck ) ! picture ( a *ild cry+3 ! pa9t]1#fg :o 0 at "w ^u ! head1 wi%$ to give ! duke a pro( ( 8 skill3 by a few judici\s /rokes1 he conv]t$ ! cry+ into a laugh+ face4 ,! duke1 :5 he look$ at ! *ild aga91 0 9 a/oni%m5t3 ! pa9t]1 to %[ himself ma/] ( ! human c\nt5ance1 re/or$ 8 fir/ t\*es2 & ! duke1 9 a few mom5ts1 saw ! *ild weep+ aga94 ,a preceptor may acquire simil> p[] ov] ! c\nt5ance ( 8 pupil if he has /udi$ ! oratorical art4 ,by ! art ( oratory1 we d n mean ! art ( misrepres5tation1 ! art ( deception2 we mean ! art ( %[+ ! tru? 9 ! /ronge/ light2 ( excit+ virtu\s en?usiasm & g5]\s indignation4 ,w>m1 gl[+ eloqu5ce1 is n inconsi/5t ) accuracy ( reason+ & judgm5t4 ,:5 we h express$ our admiration or abhorr5ce ( any action or "*1 we %\ld aft]w>ds be ready coolly to expla9 to our pupils ! ju/ice ( our s5tim5ts3 by ?is due mixture & alt]nation ( eloqu5ce & reason+1 we may cultivate a ta/e = ! moral & sublime1 & yet pres]ve ! "* f any t9cture ( extravagant en?usiasm4 ,we _c expect1 t ! torr5t ( passion %\ld nev] sweep away ! l&-m>ks ( exact morality2 b aft] its ov]fl[+ impetuosity abates1 we %\ld take a calm survey ( its effects1 & we %\ld be able to asc]ta9 ! b\nd>ies ( "r & wrong ) geometrical precision4 ,!re is a /yle ( bomba/ morality affect$ by "s au?ors1 :i* mu/ be hurtful to "y read]s4 ,g5]osity & hon\r1 c\rage & s5tim5t1 are ! /rik+ qualities :i* seize & en*ant ! imag9ation 9 romance3 ^! qualities mu/ be jo9$ ) ju/ice1 prud5ce1 economy1 pati5ce1 & _m humble virtues1 to make a "* really e/imable2 b ^! w\ld spoil ! effect1 p]haps1 ( dramatic exhibitions4 ,*ildr5 may ) mu* great] safety see hide\s1 ?an gigantic repres5tations ( ! passions4 ,ri*>d ! ,?ird excites abhorr5ce2 b "y ,*>les de ,moor1 9 ,! ,robb]s1 comm&s our sympa?y2 ev5 ! enormity ( 8 guilt1 exempts him f all ord9>y modes ( trial2 we =get ! murd]]1 & see some?+ l a h]o4 ,x is curi\s to obs]ve1 t ! legislature 9 ,g]many1 & 9 ,engl&1 h f\nd x necess>y to int]f]e z to ! repres5tation ( ,capta9 ,mac ,hea? & ! ,robb]s2 two *>act]s 9 :i* ! tragic & ! comic muse h _h p[]ful effects 9 excit+ imitation4 ,george ,b>nwell is a hide\s repres5tation ( ! passions1 & !re=e b5eficial4 ,!re are _m sublime objects :i* d n dep5d ^u t]ror1 or at lea/ ^u false associations ( t]ror1 = _! effect2 & !re are _m sublime ?\ghts1 :i* h no connection ) viol5t passions or false ideas ( morality4 ,^! are :at we %\ld select1 if possible1 to raise1 )\t inflat+1 ! imag9ation4 ,! view ( ! ocean1 ( ! sett+ or ! ris+ sun1 ! great & bold sc5es ( nature1 affects ! m9d ) sublime pleasure4 ,all ! objects :i* sugge/ ideas ( va/ space1 or p[]1 ( ! inf9ite duration ( "t1 ( ! decay ( ! monum5ts ( anci5t gr&eur1 or ( ! ma/]-pieces ( human art & indu/ry1 h p[] to raise sublime s5sations3 b we %\ld consid]1 t !y raise ?is pleasure only by sugge/+ c]ta9 ideas2 ^? :o h n ! previ\s ideas1 w n feel ! pleasure4 ,we %\ld n1 !re=e1 expect t *ildr5 %\ld admire objects :i* d n excite any ideas 9 _! m9ds2 we %\ld wait till !y h acquir$ ! necess>y k1 & we %\ld n injudici\sly famili>ize !m ) ^! objects4 ,simplicity is a s\rce ( ! sublime1 peculi>ly suit$ to *ildr52 accuracy ( obs]vation & di/9ctness ( p]ception1 are ess5tial to ?is species ( ! sublime4 ,9 ,p]cy's collection ( anci5t ballads1 & 9 ! mod]n poems ( ! ,ayre%ire pl\ghman1 we may see _m in/ances ( ! effect ( simplicity4 ,to pres]ve our pupil's ta/e f a false love ( ornam5t1 he mu/ avoid1 ei!r 9 books or 9 conv]sation1 all v]bose & turgid descriptions1 ! use ( words & epi!ts :i* only fill up ! measure ( a l9e4 ,:5 a *ild sees any new object1 or feels any new s5sation1 we %\ld assi/ him ) appropriate words to express 8 ?\ghts & feel+s3 :5 ! impression is fre% 9 8 m9d1 ! association1 ) ! precise descriptive epi!ts1 c be made ) mo/ c]ta9ty4 ,z soon z a *ild has acquir$ a suffici5t /ock ( words & ideas1 he %\ld be f "t to "t ex]cis$ 9 description2 we %\ld enc\rage him to give an exact acc\nt ( 8 own feel+s 9 8 own words4 ,^? p>5ts :o h be5 us$ to elegant1 w n1 p]haps1 be satisfi$ ) ! pla91 descriptions ( unpractis$ pupils2 b !y %\ld n be fa/idi\s2 !y %\ld r be cont5t ) an epi!t too little1 ?an ) an epi!t too mu*2 & !y %\ld comp>e ! *ild's description ) ! objects actually describ$1 & n ) ! poems ( ,?omson or ,gray1 or ,milton or ,%akespe>e4 ,if we excite our pupils to copy f ! writ+s ( o!rs1 !y nev] c h any orig9ality ( ?\ght4 ,to %[ p>5ts :at sort ( simple descriptions !y may reasonably expect f *ildr51 we v5ture to produce ! foll[+ extempore description ( a summ]'s ev5+1 giv5 by ?ree *ildr5 ( diff]5t ages4 ,july #ab?1 #agif4 ,mr4 ---- 0 walk+ out ) 8 family1 & he ask$ 8 *ildr5 to describe ! ev5+ j z x appe>$ to !m4 ,!re 7 ?ree b>ds 9 ,ossian's poems1 said he1 :o 7 s5t out to see :at sort ( a night x 02 !y all gave diff]5t descriptions ^u _! return2 y h nev] any ( y read ,ossian1 b y c give u "s description ( ?is ev5+2 try4 ,b---- 7a girl ( #ad47 ,! cl\ds 9 ! we/ are bright ) ! light ( ! sun :i* has j set2 a ?ick mi/ is se5 9 ! ea/1 & ! smoke :i* _h be5 heap$ up 9 ! day-"t1 is n[ spread1 & mixes ) ! mi/ all r\nd u2 ! noises are he>d m pla9ly 7?\gh !re are b few7 ?an 9 ! day-"t2 & ^? :i* are at a di/ance1 s\nd almo/ z ne> z ^? :i* are close to u2 !re is a r$ mi/ r\nd ! moon4 ,c---- 7a girl ( elev5 ye>s old47 ,! we/]n cl\ds are p9k ) ! light ( ! sun :i* has j set4 ,! moon %9es r$ ?r\gh ! mi/4 ,! smoke & mi/ make x look d>k at a di/ance2 b ! few objects ne> u appe> pla9]4 ,if x 0 n = ! light ( ! moon1 !y w\ld n be se52 b ! moon is exce$+ly bright2 x %9es ^u ! h\se & ! w9d[s4 ,e ?+ s\nds busy at a di/ance2 b :at is ne> u is /ill4 ,s---- 7a boy betwe5 n9e & t5 ye>s old74 ,! sun has set beh9d ! hill1 & ! we/]n cl\ds are t+$ ) light4 ,! mi/ mixes ) ! smoke1 :i* rises f ! heaps ( we$s :i* "s poor man is burn+ to e>n bread = 8 family4 ,! moon ?r\gh ! mi/ peeps h] head1 & sometimes %e goes back1 retires into h] b[] ( cl\ds4 ,! few noises t are he>d1 are he>d v pla9--v pla9ly4 ,we %\ld obs]ve1 t ! *ildr5 :o attempt$ ^! little descriptions1 _h n be5 habituat$ to ! poetic trade2 ^! 7 ! only descriptions ( an ev5+ :i* !y ev] made4 ,x w\ld be hurtful to ex]cise *ildr5 frequ5tly 9 descriptive composition2 x w\ld give !m ! habit ( exact obs]vation1 x is true1 b some?+ m is necess>y to ! high] species ( poetry4 ,words mu/ be select$ :i* d n repres5t only1 b :i* sugge/1 ideas4 ,m9ute v]acity is ess5tial to "s sorts ( description2 b 9 a high] /yle ( poetry1 only ! l>ge features *>act]i/ic ( ! sc5e mu/ be produc$1 & all t is subord9ate mu/ be suppress$4 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds ju/ly obs]ves1 t pa9t]s1 :o aim m]ely at deception ( ! eye by exact imitation1 are n likely1 ev5 9 _! mo/ successful imitations1 to r\se ! imag9ation4 ,! man :o mi/ook ! pa9t$ fly = a real fly1 only bru%$1 or attempt$ to bru% x1 away4 ,! exact repres5tation ( su* a common object1 c\ld n raise any sublime ideas 9 8 m9d2 & :5 he p]ceiv$ ! deception1 ! wond] :i* he felt at ! pa9t]'s art1 0 a s5sation no wise connect$ ) poetic en?usiasm4 ,z soon z "y p h collect$ a v>iety ( ideas1 we c proce$ a /ep 9 ! education ( _! fancy4 ,we %\ld sometimes 9 conv]sation1 sometimes 9 writ+ or 9 draw+1 %[ !m h[ a few /rokes1 or a few words1 c sugge/ or comb9e v>i\s ideas4 ,a s+le expression f ,cs>1 *>m$ a mut9\s army to in/ant submission4 ,unless ! words ,roman ,citiz5s6 _h sugge/$ m ?an meets ! e>1 h[ c\ld !y h produc$ ?is wond]ful effect8 ,! works ( ,voltaire & ,/]ne ab\nd ) examples ( ! skilful use ( ! language ( sugge/ion3 on ?is ! wit ( ,voltaire1 & ! hum\r & pa?os ( ,/]ne1 securely dep5d = _! success4 ,?us1 corporal ,trim's eloqu5ce on ! dea? ( 8 "y ma/]1 ow$ its effect ^u ! :ole kit*51 includ+ ! fat scullion1 :o 0 sc\r+ a fi%-kettle ^u h] knees1 to ! well-tim$ use ( ! mix$ language ( action & sugge/ion4 ',are we n "h n[8' cont9u$ ! corporal 7/rik+ ! end ( 8 /ick p]p5dicul>ly ^u ! floor1 s z to give an idea ( heal? & /ability7 '& are we n' 7dropp+ 8 hat ^u ! gr\nd7 'gone 9 a mom5t8' ,are we n "h n[1 & gone 9 a mom5t8 cont9ues ,/]ne1 :o1 9 ?is in/ance1 reveals ! secret ( 8 own art4 ,!re 0 no?+ 9 ! s5t5ce2 x 0 "o ( y\r self-evid5t tru?s we h ! advantage ( he>+ e day2 & if ,trim _h n tru/$ m to 8 hat ?an 8 head1 he _h made no?+ at all ( x4 ,:5 we po9t out to our pupils su* examples 9 ,/]ne1 we hope x w n be und]/ood1 t we po9t !m out to induce s]vile imitation4 ,we appreh5d1 t ! imitators ( ,/]ne h fail$ f n hav+ discov]$ t ! int]jections & ---- da%es ( ?is au?or1 are n 9 !mselves beauties1 b t !y affect u by sugge/+ ideas4 ,to prev5t any "y writ]s f ! intemp]ate or absurd use ( int]jections1 we %\ld %[ !m ,mr4 ,horne ,tooke's acute rem>ks ^u ?is mode ( embelli%m5t4 ,we d n1 h[ev]1 entirely agree ) ?is au?or 9 8 abhorr5ce ( int]jections4 ,we d n believe t :]e spee* c be employ$ !y are totally useless2 & are always insuffici5t = ! purpose ( communicat+ our ?\ghts4#fh ,ev5 if we class !m1 z ,mr4 ,tooke himself does1#fi among/ involunt>y convulsions ) oral s\nd1 su* z groan+1 %riek+1 c4 yet !y may sugge/ ideas1 z well z express animal feel+s4 ,sigh+1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,tooke1 is 9 ! class ( int]jections1 yet ! poet ackn[l$ges ! sup]ior eloqu5ce ( sighs3 ,p]suasive words1 & m p]suasive sighs4 ',i wi%1' said ,uncle ,toby1 ) a deep sigh 7aft] he>+ ! /ory ( ,le ,fevre7 ',i wi%1 ,trim1 ,i 0 asleep4' ,! sigh "h adds great =ce to ! wi%1 & x does n m>k t ,uncle ,toby1 f vehem5ce ( passion1 _h return$ to ! brutal /ate ( a savage :o has n le>nt ! use ( spee*2 b1 on ! contr>y1 x sugge/s to ! read]1 t ,uncle ,toby 0 a man ( civiliz$ humanity2 n "o ^: compassion 0 to be excit$ m]ely z an animal feel+ by ! actual sight ( a fell[-creature 9 pa91 b r by ! description ( ! suff]]'s situation4 ,9 pa9t+1 z well z 9 writ+1 ! language ( sugge/ion affects ! m9d1 & if any ( our pupils %\ld wi% to excel 9 ?is art1 !y mu/ e>ly att5d to ?is pr9ciple4 ,! picture ( ,agamemnon hid+ 8 face at ! sacrifice ( 8 daught]1 expresses little to ! eye1 b mu* to ! imag9ation4 ,! usual signs ( grief & joy make b slight impression2 to laugh & to weep are su* common expressions ( delight or angui%1 t !y _c be mi/ak51 ev5 by ! illit]ate2 b ! imag9ation mu/ be cultivat$ to enl>ge ! sph]e ( sympa?y1 & to r5d] a m ref9$ language intelligible4 ,x is said t a ,milanese arti/ pa9t$ two peasants1 & two c\ntry-girls1 :o laugh$ s he>tily1 t no "o c\ld look at !m )\t laugh+4#gj ,?is is an in/ance ( sympa?y unconnect$ ) imag9ation4 ,! foll[+ is an in/ance ( sympa?y excit$ by imag9ation4 ,:5 ,porcia 0 to "p f ,brutus1 j be=e ! break+ out ( ! civil w>1 %e endeav\r$1 says ,plut>*1 z well z possible1 to conceal ! sorr[ t oppress$ h]2 b1 not)/&+ h] magnanimity1 a picture betray$ h] di/ress4 ,! subject 0 ! p>t+ ( ,hector & ,&roma*e4 ,he 0 repres5t$ deliv]+ 8 son ,a/yanax into h] arms1 & ! eyes ( ,&roma*e 7 fix$ ^u him4 ,! resemblance t ?is picture bore to h] own di/ress1 made ,porcia bur/ into te>s ! mom5t %e beheld x4 ,if ,porcia _h nev] read ,hom]1 ,&roma*e w\ld n h _h ?is p[] ov] h] imag9ation & h] sympa?y4 ,! imag9ation n only height5s ! p[] ( sympa?y ) ! emotions ( all ! passions :i* a pa9t] w\ld excite1 b x is likewise ess5tial to our ta/e = ano!r class ( pleasures4 ,arti/s1 :o l ,hog>? w\ld please by hum\r1 wit1 & ridicule1 mu/ dep5d ^u ! imag9ation ( ! spectators to supply all ! int]m$iate ideas :i* !y w\ld sugge/4 ,! cobweb ov] ! poor box1 "o ( ! happie/ /rokes ( satire t ,hog>? ev] inv5t$1 w\ld probably say no?+ to ! inatt5tive eye1 or ! dull imag9ation4 ,a "y p]son mu/ acquire ! language1 be=e he c und]/& ! ideas1 ( sup]ior m9ds4 ,! ta/e = poetry mu/ be prep>$ by ! culture ( ! imag9ation4 ,! unit$ p[]s ( music & poetry c\ld n h triumph$ ov] ,alex&]1 unless 8 imag9ation _h assi/$ ! mighty ma/]4 ,) d[nca/ looks ! joyless victor sat1 ,revolv+ 9 8 alt]$ s\l ,! v>i\s turns ( *ance bel[2 ,& n[ & !n a sigh he /ole1 ,& te>s began to fl[4 ,! sigh & ! te>s 7 ! consequ5ces ( ,alex&]'s own ?\ghts1 :i* 7 only recall$ by k9dr$ s\nds4 ,we are well aw>e1 t savage nations1 or ^? t are imp]fectly civiliz$1 are subject to en?usiasm2 b we are incl9$ to ?9k1 t ! b>b>\s clam\r ) :i* !y proclaim _! delight 9 music & poetry1 may deceive u z to ! degree 9 :i* x is felt3 ! s5sations ( cultivat$ m9ds may be m exquisite1 ?\gh !y are felt 9 sil5ce4 ,x has be5 suppos$1 t ignorance is extremely susceptible ( ! pleasures ( wond]3 b wond] & admiration are diff]5t feel+s3 ! admiration :i* a cultivat$ m9d feels = excell5ce1 ( :i* x c fully judge1 is surely a high] species ( pleasure1 ?an ! brute wond] express$ by a fooli% face ( praise4 ,madame ,rol& tells u1 t once1 at a s]mon prea*$ by a celebrat$ ,fr5*man1 %e 0 /ruck ) ! e>ne/ att5tion pa9t$ 9 ! c\nt5ance ( a "y woman :o 0 look+ up at ! prea*]4 ,at l5g? ! fair en?usia/ exclaim$1 ,my ,god1 h[ he p]spires6 ,a diff]5t sort ( admiration 0 felt by ,cs>1 :5 ! scroll dropp$ f 8 h& :il/ he li/5$ to an oration ( ,cic]o's4 ,!re are an inf9ite v>iety ( associations1 by :i* ! orator has p[] to r\se ! imag9ation ( a p]son ( cultivat$ und]/&+2 !re are comp>atively few1 by :i* he c amuse ! fancy ( illit]ate auditors4 ,x is n t !y h less imag9ation ?an o!rs2 !y h equally ! p[] ( rais+ vivid images2 b !re are few images :i* c be recall$ to !m3 ! comb9ations ( _! ideas are conf9$ to a small numb]1 & words h no poetic or lit]>y associations 9 _! m9ds3 ev5 among/ *ildr51 ?is diff]5ce betwe5 ! p[] we h ov] ! cultivat$ & uncultivat$ m9d1 e>ly appe>s4 ,a laurel leaf is to ! eye ( an illit]ate boy no?+ m ?an a %rub ) a %9+1 pale-gre51 po9t$ leaf3 recall ! idea ( t %rub by ! mo/ exact description1 x w affect him ) no peculi> pleasure3 b associate e>ly 9 a boy's m9d ! ideas ( glory1 ( poetry1 ( olympic cr[ns1 ( ,daphne & ,apollo2 by "s ( ^! lat5t associations ! orator may aft]w>ds raise 8 en?usiasm4 ,we %all n "h repeat :at has be5 said#ga ^u ! *oice ( lit]ature = "y p1 b %all once m w>n p>5ts to let _! pupils read only ! be/ au?ors1 if !y wi% !m to h a f9e imag9ation1 or a delicate ta/e4 ,:5 _! m9ds are awake & w>m1 %[ !m excell5ce2 let !m he> oratory only :5 !y c feel x2 if ! impression be vivid1 no matt] h[ transi5t ! t\*4 ,ideas :i* h once /ruck ! imag9ation1 c be recall$ by ! magic ( a ^w1 ) all _! orig9al1 all _! associat$ =ce4 ,d n fatigue ! eye & e> ( y\r vivaci\s pupil ) ! monoton\s s\nds & confus$ images ( vulg> poetry4 ,d n make him repeat ! f9e/ passages ( ,%akespe>e & ,milton2 ! effect is lo/ by repetition2 ! words1 ! ideas are pr(an$4 ,let y\r pupils he> eloqu5ce f eloqu5t lips1 & !y w own its p[]4 ,b let a drawl+1 unimpassion$ read]1 read a play ( ,%akespe>e's1 or an oration ( ,demo/h5es1 & if y\r pupil is n out ( pati5ce1 he w nev] ta/e ! *>ms ( eloqu5ce4 ,if he feels a f9e s5tim5t1 or a sublime idea1 pause1 leave 8 m9d full1 leave 8 imag9ation elevat$4 ,five m9utes aft]w>ds1 p]haps1 y\r pupil's att5tion is turn$ to some?+ else1 & ! sublime idea seems to be =gott53 b d n fe>2 ! idea is n oblit]at$2 x is lat5t 9 8 memory2 x w appe> at a prop] "t1 p]haps a mon?1 p]haps tw5ty ye>s aft]w>ds4 ,ideas may rema9 long useless1 & almo/ =gott5 9 ! m9d1 & may be call$ =? by "s correspond+ association f _! torpid /ate4 ,"y p1 :o wi% to make !mselves orators or eloqu5t writ]s1 %\ld acquire ! habit ( att5d+ fir/ to ! g5]al impression made ^u _! own m9ds by oratory1 & aft]w>ds to ! cause :i* produc$ ! effect2 h5ce !y w obta9 comm& ov] ! m9ds ( o!rs1 by us+ ! k !y h acquir$ ( _! own4 ,! habit ( consid]+ e new idea1 or new fact1 z a subject = allusion1 may also be useful to ! "y orator4 ,a *ange f "t to "t 9 ! nature ( 8 /udies1 w enl>ge & invigorate 8 imag9ation4 ,gibbon says1 t1 aft] ! publication ( 8 fir/ volume ( ! ,roman hi/ory1 he gave himself a %ort holyday4 ,i indulg$ my curiosity 9 "s /udies ( a v diff]5t nature3 a c\rse ( anatomy1 :i* 0 demon/rat$ by ,dr4 ,hunt]1 & "s lessons ( *emi/ry1 :i* 7 deliv]$ by ,dr4 ,higg9s4 ,! pr9ciples ( ^! sci5ces1 & a ta/e = books ( natural hi/ory1 contribut$ to multiply my ideas & images2 & ! anatomi/ & *emi/ may sometimes track me 9 _! own sn[4 ,diff]5t degrees ( en?usiasm are requisite 9 diff]5t pr(essions2 b we are incl9$ to ?9k1 t ! imag9ation might ) advantage be cultivat$ to a mu* high] degree ?an is commonly all[$ 9 "y m5 int5d$ = public advocates4 ,we h se5 sev]al examples ( ! advantage ( a g5]al ta/e = ! belles lettres 9 em95t lawy]s2#gb & we h lately se5 an +5i\s treatise call$ ,de9ology1 or in/ructions = a ,"y ,b>ri/]1 :i* confirms our op9ion ^u ?is subject4 ,an orator1 by ! judici\s prep>ation ( ! m9ds ( 8 audi5ce1 may increase ! effect ( 8 be/ argum5ts4 ,a ,grecian pa9t]1#gc be=e he w\ld produce a picture :i* he _h f9i%$1 repres5t+ a m>tial ent]prise1 ord]$ m>tial music to be play$1 to raise ! en?usiasm ( ! assembl$ spectators2 :5 _! imag9ation 0 suffici5tly elevat$1 he uncov]$ ! picture1 & x 0 beheld ) sympa!tic transports ( applause4 ,x is usually ?\ght1 t p]sons ( extraord9>y imag9ation are defici5t 9 judgm5t3 by prop] education1 ?is evil might be prev5t$4 ,we may obs]ve t p]sons1 :o h acquir$ p>ticul> facility 9 c]ta9 ex]cises ( ! imag9ation1 c1 by volunt>y ex]tion1 ei!r excite or suppress c]ta9 tra9s ( ideas on :i* _! en?usiasm dep5ds4 ,an actor1 :o /orms & raves :il/ he is ^u ! /age1 appe>s ) a mild & peaceable demeanor a mom5t aft]w>ds beh9d ! sc5es4 ,a poet1 9 8 inspir$ mom5ts1 repeats 8 own v]ses 9 8 g>ret ) all ! emphasis & f]v\r ( en?usiasm2 b :5 he comes d[n to d9e ) a mix$ convivial company1 8 poetic fury subsides1 a new tra9 ( ideas takes place 9 8 imag9ation4 ,z long z he has suffici5t comm& ov] himself to lay aside 8 en?usiasm 9 company1 he is consid]$ z a reasonable1 s5sible man1 & ! m imag9ation he displays 9 8 poems1 ! bett]4 ,! same ex]cise ( fancy1 :i* we admire 9 "o case1 we ridicule 9 ano!r4 ,! en?usiasm :i* *>act]izes ! man ( g5ius1 bord]s ^u insanity4 ,:5 ,voltaire 0 tea*+ mademoiselle ,clairon1 ! celebrat$ actress1 to p]=m an impassion$ "p 9 "o ( 8 trag$ies1 %e object$ to ! viol5ce ( 8 en?usiasm4 ,mais1 monsieur1 on me pr5droit p\r une poss$e6#gd ,eh1 mademoiselle1 repli$ ! philosophic b>d1 il faut tre un poss$ p\r russir en aucun art4 ,! degree ( en?usiasm1 :i* makes ! pa9t] & poet set1 :at to m idle1 or m busy mortals1 appe>s an imag9>y value ^u _! respective arts1 supports ! arti/ "u ! pressure ( disappo9tm5t & neglect1 /imulates 8 ex]tions1 & r5d]s him almo/ ins5sible to lab\r & fatigue4 ,milit>y h]oes1 or ^? :o are insane ) ambition1#ge endure all ! real mis]ies ( life1 & brave ! t]rors ( dea?1 "u ! invigorat+ influ5ce ( an extravagant imag9ation4 ,cure !m ( _! en?usiasm1 & !y are no long] h]oes4 ,we mu/1 !re=e1 decide 9 education1 :at species ( *>act]s we w\ld produce1 be=e we c det]m9e :at degree1 or :at habits ( imag9ation1 are desirable4 ,je suis le ,dieu de la danse6#gf exclaim$ ,ve/ris2 & probably ,alex&] ! ,great did n feel m pride 9 8 ,apo!osis4 ,_h any cynical philosoph] und]tak5 to cure ,ve/ris ( 8 vanity1 x w\ld n h be5 a *>itable action4 ,ve/ris might1 p]haps1 by =ce ( reason+1 h be5 br\ght to ackn[l$ge t a danc+-ma/] 0 n a div9ity1 b ?is conviction w\ld n h increas$ 8 felicity2 on ! contr>y1 he w\ld h become wret*$ 9 proportion z he became rational4 ,! felicity ( en?usia/s dep5ds ^u _! be+ absolutely incapable ( reason+1 or ( li/5+ to reason ^u c]ta9 subjects2 provid$ !y are resolute 9 repeat+ _! own tra9 ( ?\ghts )\t comp>+ !m ) t ( o!rs1 !y may defy ! malice ( wisdom1 & 9 happy ignorance may enjoy p]petual delirium4 ,p>5ts1 :o value ! happ9ess ( _! *ildr51 w consid] exactly :at *ance !re is ( _! enjoy+ unmole/$ any p>tial en?usiasm2 !y w consid]1 t by e>ly excitations1 x is v easy to raise any species ( ambition 9 ! m9ds ( _! pupils4 ,! v>i\s species ( en?usiasm necess>y to make a poet1 a pa9t]1 an orator1 or a milit>y h]o1 may be inspir$1 )\t d\bt1 by education4 ,h[ f> ^! are connect$ ) happ9ess1 is ano!r "q4 ,:atev] be ! object :i* he pursues1 we mu/1 z mu* z possible1 ensure our pupil's success4 ,^? :o h be5 excit$ to ex]tion by en?usiasm1 if !y d n obta9 ! rew>d or admiration :i* !y _h be5 taught to expect1 s9k into helpless despond5cy4 ,:e!r _! object has be5 great or small1 if x has be5 _! fav\rite object1 & !y fail ( its atta9m5t1 _! mortification & subsequ5t languor are unavoidable4 ,! wise/ ( mon>*s exclaim$1 t all 0 vanity & vexation ( _s2 he did n1 p]haps1 feel m we>y ( ! _w ?an ! poor juggl] felt1 :o1 aft] educat+ 8 h&s to ! a/oni%+ dext]ity ( ?r[+ up into ! air1 & cat*+ z !y fell1 six eggs successively1 )\t break+ !m1 receiv$ f ! emp]or1 be=e :om he p]=m$1 six eggs to rew>d ! lab\r ( 8 life6 ,?is poor man's ambition appe>s obvi\sly absurd2 & we are "u no imm$iate appreh5sion1 t p>5ts %\ld inspire _! *ildr5 ) ! en?usiasm necess>y to ! pr(ession ( a juggl]3 b1 unless "s precautions are tak51 ! objects :i* excite ! ambition ( numb]s1 may be plac$ s z to deceive ! eye & imag9ation ( *ildr52 & !y may lab\r ?r\gh life 9 pursuit ( phantoms4 ,if *ildr5 e>ly he> _! p>5ts express viol5t admiration = ri*es1 rank1 p[]1 or fame1 !y cat* a species ( en?usiasm = ^! ?+s1 be=e !y c e/imate ju/ly _! value2 f ! c\nt5ance & mann]1 !y draw v important conclusions4 ,felicity is pa9t$ on y\r c\nt5ance1 is a polite phrase ( salutation 9 ,*9a4 ,! ta/e = look+ happy1 is n conf9$ to ! ,*9ese3 ! ri* & great1#gg by e artifice ( luxury1 endeav\r to impress ! spectator ) ! idea ( _! sup]ior felicity4 ,f exp]i5ce we "k1 t ! ext]nal signs ( delight are n always s9c]e1 & t ! app>atus ( luxury is n necess>y to happ9ess4 ,*ildr5 :o live ) p]sons ( good s5se1 le>n to sep>ate ! ideas ( happ9ess & a coa* & six2 b "y p :o see _! fa!rs1 mo!rs1 & preceptors1 all smitt5 ) sudd5 admiration at ! sight ( a f9e phaeton1 or a f9e g5tleman1 are imm$iately infect$ ) ! same absurd en?usiasm4 ,^! p>5ts d n suspect1 t !y are p]v]t+ ! imag9ation ( _! *ildr51 :5 !y call !m ) fooli% eag]ness to ! w9d[s to look at a f9e equipage1 a spl5did cavalcade1 or a milit>y procession2 !y p]haps summon a boy1 :o is int5d$ = a m]*ant1 or a lawy]1 to he> ! _s /irr+ drum2 & !y are aft]w>ds surpris$1 if he says1 :5 he is fifte5 or sixte51 t1 if 8 fa!r pleases1 he _h r g into ! army1 ?an g to ! b>4 ,! "m is al>m$1 p]haps1 ab\t ! same "t1 by an unacc\ntable pr$ilection 9 h] daught]'s fancy = a r$ coat1 & totally =gets hav+ call$ ! *ild to ! w9d[ to look at ! sm>t cockades1 & to he> ! tune ( ,see ! conqu]+ h]o comes4 ,he> y me1 ,jessica1 says ,%ylock to 8 daught]1 lock up my doors2 & :5 y he> ! drum1 & ! vile squeak+ ( ! wry-neck$ fife1 clamb] n y up into ! casem5ts !n4 ,%ylock's exhortations 7 va92 ,jessica _h arriv$ at ye>s ( discretion1 & x 0 too late to =bid h] clamb]+ into ! casem5ts2 ! precautions %\ld h be5 tak5 soon]2 ! epi!ts vile squeak+ & wry-neck$ fife1 c\ld n alt] ! lady's ta/e3 & ,%ylock %\ld h kn[n h[ p]emptory prohibitions & exagg]at$ expressions ( av]sion op]ate ^u ! female imag9ation2 he 0 imprud5t 9 ! extreme ( 8 caution4 ,we %\ld let *ildr5 see ?+s z !y really are1 & we %\ld n prejudice !m ei!r by our exclamations ( rapture1 or by our affect$ disgu/4 ,if !y are famili>iz$ ) %[1 !y w n be caught by x2 if !y see ! :ole ( :atev] is to be se51 _! imag9ation w n pa9t ?+s m delightful ?an !y really are4 ,= ^! reasons1 we ?9k t "y p %\ld n be re/ra9$1 ?\gh !y may be guid$ 9 _! ta/es2 we %\ld supply !m ) all ! in=mation 9 :i* !y are defici5t1 & leave !m to =m _! own judgm5ts4 ,)\t mak+ x a matt] ( fav\r1 or ( extraord9>y consequ5ce1 p>5ts c take _! *ildr5 to see public exhibitions1 or to p>take ( any amusem5ts :i* are really agreeable2 !y c1 at ! same "t1 avoid mix+ factiti\s ) real pleasure4 ,if1 = in/ance1 we h an opportunity ( tak+ a boy to a good play1 or a girl to a ball1 let !m enjoy ! full pleasure ( ! amusem5t1 b d n let u excite _! imag9ation by great prep>ations1 or by anticipat+ rem>ks3 ,oh1 y'll be v happy to-morr[1 = y're to g to ! play4 ,y mu/ look well to-night1 = y are go+ to ! ball4 ,7 y nev] at a ball8 ,did y nev] see a play be=e8 ,oh1 !n y'll be delight$1 ,i'm sure6 ,! *ildr5 (t5 look mu* m s5sible1 & sometimes m compos$1 9 ! mid/ ( ^! fooli% exclamations1 ?an _! p>5ts4 ,e/ ce que je m'amuse1 maman8 said a little girl ( six ye>s old1 ! fir/ "t %e 0 tak5 to ! playh\se4 ,besides ! influ5ce ( op9ion1 !re are a numb] ( o!r circum/ances to be consid]$ 9 cultivat+ ! imag9ation2 !re are _m o!r circum/ances :i* mu/ be att5d$ to1 & diff]5t precautions are necess>y1 to regulate prop]ly ! imag9ation ( *ildr5 ( diff]5t dispositions1 or temp]am5ts4 ,! disposition to associate ideas1 v>ies 9 /r5g? & quickness 9 opposite temp]am5ts3 ! natural vivacity or dulness ( ! s5ses1 ! habit ( obs]v+ ext]nal objects1 ! p[] ( volunt>y ex]tion1 & ! prop5sity to rev]ie1 mu/ all be consid]$ be=e we c adapt a plan ( education exactly to ! pupil's advantage4 ,a wise preceptor w c\nt]act1 z mu* z possible1 all ^? defects to :i* a *ild may appe> mo/ liable1 & w cultivate 8 imag9ation s z to prev5t ! err\rs to :i* he is mo/ expos$ by natural1 or :at we call natural1 disposition4 ,"s *ildr5 appe> to feel s5sations ( pleasure or pa9 ) m en]gy ?an o!rs2 !y take m delight 9 feel+ ?an 9 reflection2 !y h nei!r mu* leisure nor mu* incl9ation = ! intellectual ex]tions ( comp>ison or delib]ation4 ,great c>e %\ld be tak5 to enc\rage *ildr5 ( ?is temp] to describe & to comp>e _! s5sations4 ,by _! descriptions we %all judge :at motives we ought to employ to gov]n !m1 & if we c tea* !m to comp>e _! feel+s1 we %all induce t volunt>y ex]tion ( m9d 9 :i* !y are naturally defective4 ,we _c comp>e or judge ( our s5sations )\t volunt>y ex]tion4 ,:5 we delib]ate1 we repeat our ideas delib]ately2 & ?is is an ex]cise peculi>ly useful to ^? :o feel quickly4 ,:5 any pleasure makes too great an impression ^u ^! *ildr5 ( vivid s5sations1 we %\ld repeat ! pleasure frequ5tly1 till x beg9s to fatigue2 or we %\ld contra/ x1 & br+ x into direct comp>ison ) "s o!r species ( pleasure4 ,= in/ance1 suppose a boy _h appe>$ highly delight$ ) see+ a game at c>ds1 & t we 7 appreh5sive he might1 f ?is e>ly association1 acquire a ta/e = gam+1 we might ei!r repeat ! amusem5t till ! play+ at c>ds began to we>y ! boy1 or we might take him imm$iately aft] play+ at c>ds to an int]e/+ com$y2 probably1 ! amusem5t he w\ld receive at ! playh\se1 w\ld be great] ?an t :i* he _h enjoy$ at ! c>d-table2 & z ^! two species ( pleasure w\ld imm$iately succe$ to ea* o!r1 ! *ild c\ld sc>cely avoid comp>+ !m4 ,is x necess>y to repeat1 t all ?is %\ld be done )\t any artifice8 ,! *ild %\ld "k ! mean+ ( our conduct1 & !n he w nev] set himself 9 opposition to our managem5t4 ,if x is n conv5i5t1 or possible1 to dull ! *>m ( novelty by repetition1 or to contra/ a new pleasure ) "s o!r sup]ior amusem5t1 !re is ano!r exp$i5t :i* may be useful2 we may call ! p[] ( association to our assi/ance3 ?is p[] is sometimes a full mat* = ! mo/ lively s5sations4 ,= in/ance1 suppose a boy ( /rong feel+s _h be5 (f5d$ by "s trifle1 & express$ s5sations ( hatr$ aga9/ ! (f5d] obvi\sly too viol5t = ! occasion2 to br+ ! angry boy's imag9ation to a temp]ate /ate1 we might recall "s circum/ance ( 8 =m] affection = ! (f5d]2 or ! g5]al idea1 t x is amiable & noble to comm& our passion1 & to =give ^? :o h injur$ u4 ,at ! sight ( 8 "m1 ) :om he _h _m agreeable associations1 ! imag9ation ( ,coriolanus rais$ up in/antly a tra9 ( ideas connect$ ) ! love ( 8 family1 & ( 8 c\ntry1 & imm$iately ! viol5ce ( 8 s5sations ( ang] 7 subdu$4 ,brutus1 aft] 8 fri5d ,cassius has apologiz$ to him = 8 ra% hum\r1 by say+1 t x 0 h]$it>y f 8 "m1 promises t ! next "t ,cassius is ov]-e>ne/ ) 8 ,brutus1 he w ?9k 8 "m *ides1 & leave him s2 t is to say1 ,brutus promises to recollect an association ( ideas1 :i* %all enable him to be> ) 8 fri5d's ill hum\r4 ,*ildr51 :o associate ideas v /rongly & ) rapidity1#gh mu/ be educat$ ) cont9ual att5tion4 ,) *ildr5 ( ?is class1 ! slighte/ circum/ances are ( consequ5ce2 !y may at fir/ appe> to be easily manag$1 because !y w rememb] p]t9aci\sly any repro(1 any rew>d or puni%m5t2 &1 f association1 !y w scrupul\sly avoid or foll[ :at has1 9 any "o in/ance1 be5 jo9$ ) pa9 or pleasure 9 _! imag9ation3 b un=tunately1 accid5tal ev5ts w influ5ce !m1 z well z ! rew>ds & puni%m5ts ( _! preceptors2 & a v>iety ( associations w be =m$1 :i* may secretly gov]n !m long be=e _! exi/5ce is suspect$4 ,we %all be surpris$ to f9d1 t ev5 :]e !re is app>5tly no hope1 or fe>1 or passion1 to di/urb _! judgm5t1 !y _c reason1 or und]/& reason+4 ,on /udy+ !m m closely1 we %all discov] ! cause ( ?is seem+ imbecility4 ,a multitude ( associat$ ideas occur to !m ^u :atev] subject we attempt to reason1 :i* di/ract _! att5tion1 & make !m *ange ! t]ms ( e proposition ) incessant v>iety4 ,_! pleasures are *iefly second>y reflect$ pleasures1 & !y d n judge by _! actual s5sations s mu* z by _! associations4 ,!y l & dislike )\t be+ able to assign any suffici5t cause = _! pref]5ce or av]sion4 ,!y make a *oice frequ5tly )\t appe>+ to delib]ate2 & if y1 by p]suad+ !m to a m detail$ exam9ation ( ! objects1 conv9ce !m1 t accord+ to ! common /&>d ( good & evil1 !y h made a fooli% *oice1 !y w /ill seem puzzl$ & unc]ta92 &1 if y leave !m at lib]ty1 w p]si/ 9 _! orig9al det]m9ation4 ,by ?is crit]ion we may decide1 t !y are influ5c$ by "s secret false association ( ideas2 &1 in/ead ( argu+ ) !m ^u ! obvi\s folly ( _! pres5t *oice1 we %\ld endeav\r to make !m trace back _! ideas1 & discov] ! association by :i* !y are gov]n$4 ,9 "s cases ?is may be out ( _! p[]1 because ! orig9al association may h be5 totally =gott51 & yet ^? connect$ ) x may cont9ue to act3 b ev5 :5 we _c succe$ 9 any p>ticul> in/ance 9 detect+ ! cause ( ! err\r1 we %all d ! pupils mat]ial s]vice by excit+ !m to obs]ve _! own m9ds4 ,a tutor1 :o c>efully rem>ks ! circum/ances 9 :i* a *ild expresses uncommon grief or joy1 hope or fe>1 may obta9 complete k ( 8 associations1 & may accurately di/+ui% ! proximate & remote causes ( all 8 pupil's desires & av]sions4 ,he w !n h absolute comm& ov] ! *ild's m9d1 & he %\ld ^u no acc\nt tru/ 8 pupil to ! direction ( any o!r p]son4 ,ano!r tutor1 ?\gh p]haps ( equal ability1 c\ld n be equally secure ( success2 ! *ild w\ld probably be suspect$ ( cunn+1 caprice1 or ob/9acy1 because ! causes ( 8 ta/es & judgm5ts c\ld n be discov]$ by 8 new preceptor4 ,x (t5 happ5s1 t ^? :o feel pleasure & pa9 mo/ /rongly1 are likewise mo/ dispos$ to =m /rong associations ( ideas4#gi ,*ildr5 ( ?is "* are nev] /upid1 b (t5 prejudic$ & passionate3 !y c readily assign a reason = _! pref]5ce or av]sion2 !y recollect di/9ctly ! orig9al s5sations ( pleasure or pa91 on :i* _! associations dep5d2 !y d n1 l ,mr4 ,transf] 9 ,zelucco1 l or dislike p]sons & ?+s1 because !y h be5 us$ to !m1 b because !y h receiv$ "s injury or b5efit f !m4 ,su* *ildr5 are apt to make great mi/akes 9 reason+1 f _! regi/]+ ( co9cid5ces ha/ily2 !y d n wait to repeat _! exp]im5ts1 b if !y h 9 "o in/ance obs]v$ two ?+s to happ5 at ! same "t1 !y expect t !y w always recur toge!r4 ,if "o ev5t prec$es or foll[s ano!r accid5tally1 !y believe x to be ! cause or effect ( its concomitant1 & ?is belief is n to be %ak5 9 _! m9ds by ridicule or argum5t4 ,!y are1 consequ5tly1 incl9$ bo? to sup]/ition & en?usiasm1 accord+ z _! hopes & fe>s pr$om9ate4 ,!y are likewise subject to absurd antipa?ies--antipa?ies :i* v]ge t[>ds insanity4 ,dr4 ,d>w9 relates a /rong in/ance ( antipa?y 9 a *ild f association4 ,! *ild1 on ta/+ ! gri/le ( /urgeon1 ask$ :at gri/le 08 & 0 answ]$1 t gri/le 0 l ! division ( a man's nose4 ,! *ild1 disgu/$ at ?is idea1 = tw5ty ye>s aft]w>ds c\ld nev] be p]suad$ to ta/e /urgeon4#hj ,zimm]mann assures u1 t he 0 an eye-witness ( a s+ul> antipa?y1 :i* we may be p]mitt$ to describe 9 8 own words3 ,happ5+ to be 9 company ) "s ,engli% g5tlem51 all ( !m m5 ( di/9ction1 ! conv]sation fell ^u antipa?ies4 ,_m ( ! company d5i$ _! reality1 & consid]$ !m z idle /ories1 b ,i assur$ !m t !y 7 truly a disease4 ,mr4 ,william ,mat!ws1 son to ! gov]nor ( ,b>badoes1 0 ( my op9ion1 because he himself _h an antipa?y to spid]s4 ,! re/ ( ! company laugh$ at him4 ,i und]took to prove to !m t ?is antipa?y 0 really an impression on 8 s\l1 result+ f ! det]m9ation ( a me*anical effect4 7,we d n pret5d to "k :at ,dr4 ,zimm]mann means by ?is47 ,"l ,john ,murray und]took to %ape "s black wax into ! appe>ance ( a spid]1 ) a view to obs]ve :e!r ! antipa?y w\ld take place at ! simple figure ( ! insect4 ,he !n )drew = a mom5t1 & came 9 aga9 ) ! wax 9 8 h&1 :i* he kept %ut4 ,mr4 ,mat!ws1 :o 9 o!r respects 0 a v amiable & mod]ate man1 imm$iately conceiv+ t 8 fri5d really _h a spid] 9 8 h&1 clapp$ 8 h& to 8 sword ) extreme fury1 & runn+ back t[>ds ! p>tition1 cri$ out mo/ horribly4 ,all ! muscles ( 8 face 7 swell$1 8 eyes 7 roll+ 9 _! sockets1 & 8 body 0 immoveable4 ,we 7 all exce$+ly al>m$1 & imm$iately ran to 8 assi/ance1 took 8 sword f him1 & assur$ him t :at he conceiv$ to be a spid]1 0 no?+ m ?an a bit ( wax1 :i* he might see ^u ! table4 ,he rema9$ "s "t 9 ?is spasmodic /ate2 b at l5g? he began to recov]1 & to deplore ! horrible passion f :i* he /ill suff]$4 ,8 pulse 0 v /rong & quick1 & 8 :ole body 0 cov]$ ) a cold p]spiration4 ,aft] tak+ an anodyne draft1 he resum$ 8 usual tranquillity4 ,we are n to wond] at ?is antipa?y1 cont9ues ,zimm]mann2 ! spid]s at ,b>badoes are v l>ge1 & ( an hide\s figure4 ,mr4 ,mat!ws 0 born !re1 & 8 antipa?y 0 !re=e to be acc\nt$ =4 ,"s ( ! company und]took to make a little wax5 spid] 9 8 pres5ce4 ,he saw ?is done ) great tranquillity1 b he c\ld n be p]suad$ to t\* x1 ?\gh he 0 by no means a timor\s man 9 o!r respects4 ,nor w\ld he foll[ my advice to endeav\r to conqu] ?is antipa?y by fir/ draw+ p>ts ( spid]s ( diff]5t sorts1 & aft] a "t :ole spid]s1 till at l5g? he might be able to look at portions ( real spid]s1 & ?us gradually accu/om himself to :ole ones1 at fir/ dead1 & !n liv+ ones4#ha ,dr4 ,zimm]mann's me?od ( cure1 appe>s r m +5i\s1 ?an 8 way ( acc\nt+ = ! disease4 ,are all ! natives ( ,b>badoes subject to convulsions at ! sight ( ! l>ge spid]s 9 t isl&8 or :y does ,mr4 ,william ,mat!ws' hav+ be5 born !re acc\nt s satisfactorily = 8 antipa?y8 ,! cure ( ^! unreasonable fe>s ( h>mless animals1 l all o!r antipa?ies1 w\ld1 p]haps1 be easily effect$1 if x 7 judici\sly attempt$ e>ly 9 life4 ,! epi!ts :i* we use 9 speak+ ( animals1 & our expressions ( c\nt5ance1 h great influ5ce on ! m9ds ( *ildr54 ,if we1 z ,dr4 ,d>w9 advises1 call ! spid] ! +5i\s spid]1 & ! frog ! h>mless frog1 & if we look at !m ) complac5cy1 in/ead ( av]sion1 *ildr51 f sympa?y1 w imitate our mann]1 & f curiosity w att5d to ! animals1 to discov] :e!r ! comm5datory epi!ts we be/[ ^u !m1 are j4 ,x is comp>atively ( little consequ5ce to conqu] antipa?ies :i* h trifl+ objects4 ,an individual c g ?r\gh life v well )\t eat+ /urgeon1 or t\*+ spid]s2 b :5 we consid] ! influ5ce ( ! same disposition to associate false ideas too /rongly 9 m important in/ances1 we %all p]ceive ! necessity ( correct+ x by education4 ,locke tells u ( a "y man1 :o1 hav+ be5 accu/om$ to see an old trunk 9 ! room ) him :5 he le>n$ to dance1 associat$ 8 danc+ ex]tions s /rongly ) ! sight ( ?is trunk1 t he c\ld n succe$ by any volunt>y ef=ts 9 its abs5ce4 ,we h1 9 our rem>ks ^u att5tion1#hb po9t$ out ! great inconv5i5ces to :i* ^? are expos$ :o acquire associat$ habits ( intellectual ex]tion2 :o _c speak1 or write1 or ?9k1 )\t c]ta9 habitual aids to _! memory or imag9ation4 ,we mu/ fur!r obs]ve1 t incessant vigilance is necess>y 9 ! moral education ( *ildr5 dispos$ to =m /rong associations2 !y are liable to sudd5 & absurd dislikes or pr$ilections1 ) respect to p]sons1 z well z ?+s2 !y are subject to caprice 9 _! affections & temp]1 & liable to a v>iety ( m5tal infirmities1 :i*1 9 diff]5t degrees1 we call passion or madness4 ,locke tells u1 t he knew a man :o1 aft] hav+ be5 re/or$ to heal? by a pa9ful op]ation1 _h s /rongly associat$ ! idea & figure ( ! op]ator ) ! agony he _h endur$1 t ?\gh he ackn[l$g$ ! obligation1 & felt gratitude t[>ds ?is fri5d :o _h sav$ him1 he nev] aft]w>ds c\ld be> to see 8 b5efactor4 ,!re are "s p :o associate s readily & incorrigibly ! idea ( any pa9 or insult !y h receiv$ f ano!r1 ) 8 p]son & "*1 t !y c nev] aft]w>ds =get or =give4 ,!y are h5ce dispos$ to all ! intemp]ance ( hatr$ & rev5ge2 to ! *ronic malice ( a ,jago1 or ! acute pangs ( an ,a*illes4 ,hom]1 9 8 spee* ( ,a*illes to ,agamemnon's m$iat+ ambassadors1 has drawn a /rong & natural picture ( ! progress ( ang]4 ,x is wor? /udy+ z a lesson 9 metaphysics4 ,:5ev] association sugge/s to ! m9d ( ,a*illes ! injury he has receiv$1 he loses 8 reason1 & ! orator works himself up f argum5t to declamation1 & f declamation to desp]ate resolution1 ?r\gh a close l9k$ connection ( ideas & s5sations4 ,! insanities ( ambition1 av>ice1 & vanity1 orig9ate 9 e>ly mi/ak5 associations4 ,a fea!r1 or a cr[n1 or an ald]man's *a91 or a c>d9al's hat1 or a purse ( yell[ c\nt]s1 are unluckily associat$ 9 ! m9ds ( "s m5 ) ! idea ( happ9ess1 &1 )\t /ay+ to delib]ate1 ^! un=tunate p]sons hunt ?r\gh life ! phantasms ( a disord]$ imag9ation4 ,:il/ we pity1 we are amus$ by ! bl9dness & blund]s ( ^? ^: mi/akes c affect no "o's felicity b _! own2 b any delusions :i* prompt _! victims to actions inimical to _! fell[-creatures1 are ! objects n unusually ( pity1 b ( indignation1 ( private av]sion & public puni%m5t4 ,we smile at ! av>ici\s insanity ( ! mis]1 :o dresses himself 9 ! ca/-(f ,wig ( a begg>1 & pulls a cru%$ pancake f 8 pocket = 8 own & = 8 fri5d's d9n]4#hc ,we smile at ! insane vanity ( ! paup]1 :o dress$ himself 9 a _m-col\r$ pap] />1 assum$ ! title ( ,duke ( ,bauble%ire1 & z su* requir$ homage f e pass5g]4#hd ,b are we incl9$ to smile at ! outrage\s vanity ( ! man :o /yl$ himself ! son ( ,jupit]1 & :o murd]$ 8 be/ fri5d = refus+ him div9e hon\rs8 ,are we dispos$ to pity ! slave-m]*ant1 :o1 urg$ by ! maniacal desire = gold1 he>s unmov$ ! groans ( 8 fell[-creatures1 ! execrations ( mank9d1 & t small /ill voice1 :i* haunts ^? :o are /a9$ ) blood4 ,! moral insanities :i* /rike u ) horror1 compassion1 or ridicule1 h[ev] !y may diff] 9 _! effects1 h frequ5tly "o common orig92 an e>ly false association ( ideas4 ,p]sons :o mi/ake 9 measur+ _! own feel+s1 or :o neglect to comp>e _! ideas1 & to balance cont5d+ wi%es1 sc>cely m]it ! "n ( rational creatures4 ,! man1 :o does n delib]ate1 is lo/4 ,we h endeav\r$1 ?\gh well aw>e ( ! difficulty ( ! subject1 to po9t out "s ( ! precautions t %\ld be us$ 9 gov]n+ ! imag9ation ( "y p ( diff]5t dispositions4 ,we %\ld add1 t 9 all cases ! pupils att5tion to 8 own m9d w be ( m consequ5ce1 ?an ! utmo/ vigilance ( ! mo/ able preceptor2 ! soon] he is made acqua9t$ ) 8 own "*1 & ! soon] he c be excit$ to gov]n himself by reason1 or to attempt ! cure ( 8 own defects1 ! bett]4 ,!re is "o habit ( ! imag9ation1 to :i* we h n yet adv]t$1 ! habit ( rev]ie4 ,9 rev]ie we are s int5t ^u a p>ticul> tra9 ( ideas1 t we are unconsci\s ( all ext]nal objects1 & we ex]t b little volunt>y p[]4 ,x is true t "s p]sons 9 ca/le-build+ bo? reason & inv5t1 & !re=e mu/ ex]t "s degree ( volition2 ev5 9 ! wilde/ rev]ie1 !re may be trac$ "s species ( consi/5cy1 "s connection among/ ! ideas2 b ?is is simply ! result ( ! association ( ideas4 ,inv5tive ca/le-build]s are r ne>] ! /ate ( insanity ?an ( rev]ie2 !y reason well ^u false pr9ciples2 _! airy fabrics are (t5 bo? 9 good ta/e & 9 good proportion2 no?+ is want+ to !m b a f\ndation4 ,on ! contr>y1 no?+ c be m silly ?an ! rev]ies ( silly p2 !y are n only defective 9 consi/5cy1 b !y want all ! unities2 !y are n extravagant1 b !y are /upid2 !y consi/ usually ( a li/less reit]ation ( un9t]e/+ ideas2 ! :ole pleasure enjoy$ by ^? addict$ to !m consi/s 9 ! facility ( repetition4 ,x is a mi/ak5 notion1 t only p ( ard5t imag9ations are dispos$ to rev]ie2 ! mo/ indol5t & /upid p]sons wa/e _! exi/5ce 9 ?is indulg5ce2 !y d n act always 9 consequ5ce ( _! dreams1 !re=e we d n detect _! folly4 ,"y p ( active m9ds1 :5 !y h n suffici5t occupation1 necess>ily indulge 9 rev]ie2 &1 by degrees1 ?is wild ex]cise ( _! inv5tion & imag9ation becomes s delightful to !m1 t !y pref] x to all sob] employm5ts4 ,mr4 ,williams1 9 8 ,lectures ^u ,education1 gives an acc\nt ( a boy s+ul>ly addict$ to rev]ie4 ,! desire ( invisibility _h seiz$ 8 m9d1 & = sev]al ye>s he _h indulg$ 8 fancy ) imag9+ all ! pleasures t he %\ld comm&1 & all ! feats t he c\ld p]=m1 if he 7 9 possession ( ,gyges's r+4 ,! read] %\ld1 h[ev]1 be in=m$1 t ?is ca/le-build] 0 n a y\? ( /rict v]acity2 8 confession ^u ?is occasion1 z ^u o!rs1 might n h be5 s9c]e4 ,we only /ate ! /ory f ,mr4 ,williams4 ,to prev5t *ildr5 f acquir+ a ta/e = rev]ie1 let !m h v>i\s occupations bo? ( m9d & body4 ,let u n direct _! imag9ation to extraord9>y future pleasures1 b let u suff] !m to enjoy ! pres5t4 ,anticipation is a species ( rev]ie2 & *ildr51 :o h promises ( future pleasures frequ5tly made to !m1 live 9 a cont9ual /ate ( anticipation4 ,to cure ! habit ( rev]ie :5 x has once be5 =m$1 we mu/ take diff]5t me?ods ) diff]5t temp]s4 ,) ^? :o indulge 9 ! /upid rev]ie1 we %\ld employ /rong excitations1 & pres5t to ! s5ses a rapid succession ( objects1 :i* w completely engage )\t fatigu+ !m4 ,?is mode mu/ n be foll[$ ) *ildr5 ( diff]5t dispositions1 else we %\ld increase1 in/ead ( cur+1 ! disease4 ,! mo/ likely me?od to break ?is habit 9 *ildr5 ( great quickness or s5sibility1 is to set !m to "s employm5t :i* is :olly new to !m1 & :i* w consequ5tly ex]cise & exhau/ all _! faculties1 s t !y %all h no life left = ca/le-build+4 ,monoton\s occupations1 su* z copy+1 draw+1 or writ+1 play+ on ! h>psi*ord1 c4 are n1 if habit has made !m easy to ! pupil1 fit = our purpose4 ,we may all p]ceive1 t 9 su* occupations1 ! p[]s ( ! m9d are left unex]cis$4 ,we c frequ5tly read al\d ) tol]able emphasis = a consid]able "t toge!r1 & at ! same "t ?9k ^u "s subject =eign to ! book we hold 9 our h&s4 ,! mo/ difficult ex]cises ( ! m9d1 su* z inv5tion1 or /rict reason+1 are ^? alone :i* are suffici5t to subjugate & *a9 d[n ! imag9ation ( "s active spirits4 ,to su* labori\s ex]cises !y %\ld be excit$ by ! enc\rag+ voice ( praise & affection4 ,imag9ative *ildr5 w be m dispos$ to inv5t ?an to reason1 b !y _c p]fect any inv5tion )\t reason+2 !re w1 !re=e1 be a mixture ( :at !y l & dislike 9 ! ex]cise ( inv5tion1 & ! habit ( reason+ w1 p]haps1 gradually become agreeable to !m1 if x be ?us dext]\sly unit$ ) ! pleasures ( ! imag9ation4 ,s mu* has already be5 writt5 by v>i\s au?ors ^u ! pleasures & ! dang]s ( imag9ation1 t we c\ld sc>cely hope to add any ?+ new to :at !y h produc$3 b we h endeav\r$ to arrange ! obs]vations :i* appe>$ mo/ applicable to practical education2 we h po9t$ out h[ ! pr9ciples ( ta/e may be e>ly taught )\t injury to ! g5]al und]/&+1 & h[ ! imag9ation %\ld be prep>$ = ! high] pleasures ( eloqu5ce & poetry4 ,we h attempt$ to def9e ! b\nd>ies betwe5 ! en?usiasm ( g5ius1 & its extravagance2 & to %[ "s ( ! precautions :i* may be us$1 to prev5t ! moral defects to :i* p]sons ( ard5t imag9ation are usually subject4 ,! degree 9 :i* ! imag9ation %\ld be cultivat$ mu/1 we h obs]v$1 be det]m9$ by ! views :i* p>5ts may h = _! *ildr51 by _! situations 9 society1 & by ! pr(essions = :i* !y are de/9$4 ,"u ! gov]nm5t ( a sob] judgm5t1 ! p[]s ( ! imag9ation mu/ be advantage\s 9 e situation2 b _! value to society1 & to ! individuals by :om !y are possess$1 dep5ds ultimately ^u ! mann] 9 :i* !y are manag$4 ,a magician1 "u ! control ( a philosoph]1 w\ld p]=m n only great1 b useful1 wond]s4 ,! homely prov]b1 :i* has be5 appli$ to fire1 may ) equal tru? be appli$ to imag9ation3 ,x is a good s]vant1 b a bad ma/]4 ,,footnotes3 #eh ,prie/ley has ably giv5 ! desid]ata ( electricity1 vision1 c4 #ei ,:>ton's ,ode to ,fancy4 #fj ,g]>d4 #fa ,"l ,kames4 #fb ,pr(essor ,/ew>t4 #fc ,v4 ,an excell5t essay ( ,mr4 ,b>nes's on ,imag9ation4 ,man*e/] ,society1 vol4 i4 #fd ,x is to be hop$ t ! =eign philosoph]s1 :o1 x is said1 are n[ employ$ 9 draw+ up a new metaphysical nom5clature1 w avail !mselves ( ! ext5sive k1 & orig9al g5ius ( ! au?or ( ,zoonomia4 #fe ,ak5side4 #ff ,"k !re are words & spells :i* c control1 ,betwe5 ! fits1 ! fev] ( ! s\l4 ,pope4 #fg ,pet] ( ,cortona4 #fh ,v4 ,epea ,pt]o5ta1 p4 #hh4 #fi ,*apt] on ,gramm>4 #gj ,v4 ,camp]'s ,works1 p4 #abf4 #ga ,v4 ,*apt] on ,books4 #gb ,"l ,mansfield1 ,hussey ,burgh1 c4 #gc ,!on4 #gd ,b1 ,sir1 ,i %all be tak5 = "o possess$6 ,well1 ,ma'am1 y mu/ be l "o possess$1 if y w\ld succe$ 9 any art4 #ge ,dr4 ,d>w94 #gf ,i am ! god ( danc+6 #gg ,v4 ,smi?'s ,moral ,!ory4 #gh ,temp]am5t ( increas$ association4 ,zoonomia4 #gi ,v4 ,zoonomia4 ,temp]am5t ( increas$ s5sibility & association jo9$4 #hj ,zoonomia1 vol4 ii4 #ha ,mon?ly ,review ( ,zimm]mann on ,exp]i5ce 9 ,physic4 ,m>* #aghc1 p4 #baa4 #hb ,v4 ,*apt] on ,att5tion4 #hc ,elwes4 ,see 8 ,life4 #hd ,!re is an acc\nt ( ?is poor man's dea? 9 ! ,/>1 #agif4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,on ,,wit ,,& ,,judgm5t4 ,x has be5 %[n1 t ! p[]s ( memory1 inv5tion & imag9ation1 ought to be r5d]$ subs]vi5t to judgm5t3 x has be5 %[n1 t reason+ & judgm5t abridge ! lab\rs ( memory1 & are necess>y to regulate ! highe/ flights ( imag9ation4 ,we %all consid] ! p[] ( reason+ 9 ano!r po9t ( view1 z be+ ess5tial to our conduct 9 life4 ,! object ( reason+ is to adapt means to an end1 to atta9 ! comm& ( effects by ! discov]y ( ! causes on :i* !y dep5d4 ,until *ildr5 h acquir$ "s k ( effects1 !y _c inquire into causes4 ,obs]vation mu/ prec$e reason+2 & z judgm5t is no?+ m ?an ! p]ception ( ! result ( comp>ison1 we %\ld nev] urge our pupils to judge1 until !y h acquir$ "s portion ( exp]i5ce4 ,to tea* *ildr5 to comp>e objects exactly1 we %\ld place ! ?+s to be exam9$ di/9ctly be=e !m4 ,e ?+ t is sup]flu\s1 %\ld be tak5 away1 & a suffici5t motive %\ld be giv5 to excite ! pupil's att5tion4 ,we ne$ n "h repeat ! advice t has =m]ly be5 giv5#he respect+ ! *oice ( prop] motives to excite & fix att5tion2 or ! precautions necess>y to prev5t ! pa9 ( fatigue1 & ( unsuccessful application4 ,if comp>ison be e>ly r5d]$ a task to *ildr51 !y w dislike & avoid ?is ex]cise ( ! m9d1 & !y w consequ5tly %[ an inaptitude to reason3 if comp>+ objects be made int]e/+ & amus+ to our pupils1 !y w soon become exp]t 9 discov]+ resemblances & diff]5ces2 & ?us !y w be prep>$ = reason+4 ,r\sseau has judici\sly advis$1 t ! s5ses ( *ildr5 %\ld be cultivat$ ) ! utmo/ c>e4 ,9 proportion to ! di/9ctness ( _! p]ceptions1 w be ! accuracy ( _! memory1 &1 probably1 also ! precision ( _! judgm5t4 ,a *ild1 :o sees imp]fectly1 _c reason ju/ly ab\t ! objects ( sight1 because he has n suffici5t data4 ,a *ild1 :o does n he> di/9ctly1 _c judge well ( s\nds2 &1 if we c\ld suppose ! s5se ( t\* to be twice z accurate 9 "o *ild z 9 ano!r1 we might conclude1 t ! judgm5t ( ^! *ildr5 mu/ diff] 9 a simil> proportion4 ,! defects 9 organization are n )9 ! p[] ( ! preceptor2 b we may obs]ve1 t inatt5tion1 & want ( ex]cise1 are frequ5tly ! causes ( :at appe> to be natural defects2 &1 on ! contr>y1 increas$ att5tion & cultivation sometimes produce t quickness ( eye & e>1 & t consequ5t read9ess ( judgm5t1 :i* we are apt to attribute to natural sup]iority ( organization or capacity4 ,ev5 among/ *ildr51 we may e>ly obs]ve a consid]able diff]5ce betwe5 ! quickness ( _! s5ses & ( _! reason+ ^u subjects :]e !y h _h exp]i5ce1 & ^u ^? on :i* !y h n be5 ex]cis$4 ,! fir/ ex]cises = ! judgm5t ( *ildr5 %\ld1 z ,r\sseau recomm5ds1 relate to visible & tangible sub/ances4 ,let !m comp>e ! size & %ape ( diff]5t objects2 let !m frequ5tly try :at !y c lift2 :at !y c rea*2 at :at di/ance !y c see objects2 at :at di/ance !y c he> s\nds3 by ^! ex]cises !y w le>n to judge ( di/ances & weight2 & !y may le>n to judge ( ! solid cont5ts ( bodies ( diff]5t %apes1 by comp>+ ! obs]vations ( _! s5se ( feel+ & ( sight4 ,! measure ( holl[ bodies c be easily tak5 by p\r+ liquids into !m1 & !n comp>+ ! quantities ( ! liquids t fill vessels ( diff]5t %apes4 ,?is is a v simple me?od ( ex]cis+ ! judgm5t ( *ildr52 &1 if !y are all[$ to try ^! little exp]im5ts = !mselves1 ! amusem5t w fix ! facts 9 _! memory1 & w associate pleasure ) ! habits ( comp>ison4 ,r\sseau rew>ds ,emilius ) cakes :5 he judges rightly2 success1 we ?9k1 is a bett] rew>d4 ,r\sseau 0 himself *ildi%ly fond ( cakes & cream4 ,! /ep :i* imm$iately foll[s comp>ison1 is d$uction4 ,! cat is l>g] ?an ! kitt52 !n a hole ?r\gh :i* ! cat c g1 mu/ be l>g] ?an a hole ?r\gh :i* ! kitt5 c g4 ,long be=e a *ild c put ?is reason+ into words1 he is capable ( =m+ ! conclusion1 & we ne$ n be 9 ha/e to make him ann\nce x 9 mode & figure4 ,we may see by ! v>i\s me?ods :i* "y *ildr5 employ to rea* :at is above !m1 to drag1 to pu%1 to lift diff]5t bodies1 t !y reason2 t is to say1 t !y adapt means to an end1 be=e !y c expla9 _! own designs 9 words4 ,look at a *ild build+ a h\se ( c>ds2 he dext]\sly balances e c>d z he floors ! edifice2 he raises /ory ov] /ory1 & %[s u t he has "s design 9 view1 ?\gh he w\ld be utt]ly incapable ( describ+ 8 int5tions previ\sly 9 words4 ,we h =m]ly#hf endeav\r$ to %[ h[ ! vocabul>y ( our pupils may be gradually enl>g$1 exactly 9 proportion to _! real k4 ,a great deal dep5ds ^u our att5tion to ?is proportion2 if *ildr5 h n a suffici5t numb] ( words to make _! ?\ghts intelligible1 we _c assi/ !m to reason by our conv]sation1 we _c communicate to !m ! result ( our exp]i5ce2 !y w h a great deal ( useless lab\r 9 comp>+ objects1 because !y w n be able to und]/& ! evid5ce ( o!rs1 z !y d n und]/& _! language2 & at la/1 ! reason+s :i* !y c>ry on 9 _! own m9ds w be confus$ = want ( signs to keep !m di/9ct4 ,on ! contr>y1 if _! vocabul>y exce$ _! ideas1 if !y are taught a v>iety ( words to :i* !y connect no accurate mean+1 x is impossible t !y %\ld express _! ?\ghts ) precision4 ,z ?is is "o ( ! mo/ common err\rs 9 education1 we %all dwell ^u x m p>ticul>ly4 ,we h po9t$ out ! mis*ief :i* is done to ! und]/&+ ( *ildr5 by ! nons5sical conv]sation ( common acqua9tance4#hg ,%\ld y l to be a k+8 ,:at are y to be8 ,are y to be a bi%op1 or a judge8 ,_h y r be a g5]al1 or an admiral1 my little de>8 are "s ( ! que/ions :i* e "o has probably he>d propos$ to *ildr5 ( five or six ye>s old4 ,*ildr5 :o h n le>n$ by rote ! expect$ answ]s to su* int]rogatories1 /& 9 amaz$ sil5ce ^u ^! occasions2 or else answ] at r&om1 hav+ no possible means ( =m+ any judgm5t ^u su* subjects4 ,we h (t5 ?\ght1 9 li/5+ to ! conv]sations ( gr[n up p ) *ildr51 t ! *ildr5 reason$ inf9itely bett] ?an _! oppon5ts4 ,p1 :o are n int]e/$ 9 ! education ( *ildr51 d n c>e :at argum5ts !y use1 :at absurdities !y utt] 9 talk+ to !m2 !y usually talk to !m ( ?+s :i* are totally above _! compreh5sion2 & !y in/il err\r & prejudice1 )\t ! smalle/ degree ( compunction2 inde$1 )\t 9 ! lea/ kn[+ :at !y are ab\t4 ,we e>ne/ly repeat our advice to p>5ts1 to keep _! *ildr5 z mu* z possible f su* conv]sation3 *ildr5 w nev] reason1 if !y are all[$ to he> or to talk nons5se4 ,:5 we say1 t *ildr5 %\ld n be suff]$ to talk nons5se1 we %\ld obs]ve1 t unless !y h be5 9 ! habit ( he>+ fooli% conv]sation1 !y v seldom talk nons5se4 ,!y may express !mselves 9 a mann] :i* we d n und]/&1 or !y may make mi/akes f n accurately compreh5d+ ! words ( o!rs2 b 9 ^! cases1 we %\ld n reprove or sil5ce !m2 we %\ld pati5tly endeav\r to f9d out _! hidd5 mean+4 ,if we rebuke or ridicule !m1 we %all intimidate !m1 & ei!r less5 _! confid5ce 9 !mselves or 9 u4 ,9 ! "o case1 we prev5t !m f ?9k+2 9 ! o!r1 we det] !m f communicat+ _! ?\ghts2 & ?us we preclude ourselves f ! possibility ( assi/+ !m 9 reason+4 ,to %[ p>5ts ! nature ( ! mi/akes :i* *ildr5 make f _! imp]fect k ( words1 we %all give a few examples f real life4 ,s----1 at five ye>s old1 :5 he he>d "s "o speak ( bay horses1 said1 he suppos$ t ! bay horses mu/ be ! be/ horses4 ,^u cross-que/ion+ him1 x appe>$ t he 0 l$ to ?is conclusion by ! analogy betwe5 ! s\nd ( ! words bay & obey4 ,a few days previ\s to ?is1 8 fa!r _h told him t spirit$ horses 7 always ! mo/ ready to obey4 ,^! errone\s analogies betwe5 ! s\nd ( words & _! s5se1 frequ5tly mislead *ildr5 9 reason+2 we %\ld1 !re=e1 enc\rage *ildr5 to expla9 !mselves fully1 t we may rectify _! err\rs4 ,:5 ,s---- 0 betwe5 f\r & five ye>s old1 a lady :o _h tak5 him ^u h] lap playfully1 put h] h&s be=e 8 eyes1 & 7we believe7 ask$ if he lik$ to be bl9d$4 ,s---- said no2 & he look$ v ?\ghtful4 ,aft] a pause1 he add$1 ,smellie says1 t *ildr5 l bett] to be bl9d$ ?an to h _! legs ti$4 7,s---- _h read ?is 9 ,smellie two or ?ree days be=e47 ,fa!r4 ,are y ( ,smellie's op9ion8 ,s---- hesitat$4 ,fa!r4 ,w\ld y r be bl9d$1 or h y\r legs ti$8 ,s----4 ,i w\ld r h my legs ti$ n q tight4 ,fa!r4 ,d y "k :at is meant by bl9d$8 ,s----4 ,hav+ _! eyes put out4 ,fa!r4 ,h[ d y mean8 ,s----4 ,to put some?+ into ! eye to make ! blood bur/ out2 & !n ! blood w\ld come all ov] x1 & cov] x1 & /ick to x1 & h9d] !m f see+--,i don't "k h[4 ,x is obvi\s1 t :il/ ?is boy's imag9ation pictur$ to him a bloody orb :5 he he>d ! ^w bl9d$1 he 0 p]fectly "r 9 8 reason+ 9 pref]r+ to h 8 legs ti$2 b he did n judge ( ! proposition meant to be laid be=e him2 he judg$ ( ano!r :i* he _h =m$ = himself4 ,8 fa!r expla9$ to him1 t ,smellie meant bl9dfold$1 in/ead ( bl9d$2 a h&k]*ief 0 !n ti$ r\nd ! boy's head1 s z to h9d] him f see+1 & he 0 made p]fectly to und]/& ! mean+ ( ! ^w bl9dfold$4 ,9 su* trifles z ^!1 x may appe> ( little consequ5ce to rectify ! v]bal err\rs ( *ildr52 b exactly ! same species ( mi/ake1 w prev5t !m f reason+ accurately 9 matt]s ( consequ5ce4 ,x w n co/ u mu* m tr\ble to detect ^! mi/akes :5 ! causes ( !m are yet rec5t2 b x w give u inf9ite tr\ble to retrace ?\ghts :i* h pass$ 9 infancy4 ,:5 prejudices1 or ! habits ( reason+ inaccurately1 h be5 =m$1 we _c easily discov] or rem$y ! remote trifl+ orig9 ( ! evil4 ,:5 *ildr5 beg9 to inquire ab\t causes1 !y are n able to di/+ui% betwe5 co9cid5ce & causation3 we =m]ly obs]v$ ! effect :i* ?is ignorance produces ^u _! temp]2 we mu/ n[ obs]ve its effect ^u _! und]/&+4 ,a little reflection ^u our own m9ds1 w prev5t u f feel+ t /upid amazem5t1 or f express+ t insult+ contempt :i* ! natural ?\ghts ( *ildr5 sometimes excite 9 p]sons :o h frequ5tly less und]/&+ ?an _! pupils4 ,:at acc\nt c we give ( ! connection betwe5 cause & effect8 ,h[ is ! idea1 t "o ?+ is ! cause ( ano!r1 fir/ produc$ 9 our m9ds8 ,all t we "k is1 t among/ human ev5ts1 ^? :i* prec$e1 are1 9 "s cases1 suppos$ to produce :at foll[4 ,:5 we h obs]v$1 9 sev]al in/ances1 t "o ev5t con/antly prec$es ano!r1 we believe1 & expect1 t ^! ev5ts w 9 future recur toge!r4 ,be=e *ildr5 h _h exp]i5ce1 x is sc>cely possible t !y %\ld di/+ui% betwe5 =tuit\s circum/ances & causation2 accid5tal co9cid5ces ( "t1 & juxta-position1 cont9ually lead !m into err\r4 ,we %\ld n accuse *ildr5 ( reason+ ill2 we %\ld n imag9e t !y are defective 9 judgm5t1 :5 !y make mi/akes f defici5t exp]i5ce2 we %\ld only endeav\r to make !m delay to decide until !y h repeat$ _! exp]im5ts2 &1 at all ev5ts1 we %\ld enc\rage !m to lay op5 _! m9ds to u1 t we may assi/ !m by our sup]ior k4 ,?is spr+1 little ,w---- 7?ree ye>s old7 0 look+ at a man :o 0 m[+ ! grass be=e ! door4 ,x _h be5 ra9+1 & :5 ! sun %one1 ! vap\r began to rise f ! grass4 ,does ! man m[+ make ! smoke rise f ! grass8 said ! little boy4 ,he 0 n laugh$ at = ?is simple "q4 ,! man's m[+ imm$iately prec$$ ! ris+ ( ! vap\r2 ! *ild _h nev] obs]v$ a man m[+ be=e1 & x 0 absolutely impossible t he c\ld tell :at effects might be produc$ by x2 he v naturally imag9$1 t ! ev5t :i* imm$iately prec$$ ! ris+ ( ! vap\r1 0 ! cause ( its rise2 ! sun 0 at a di/ance2 ! scy! 0 ne> ! grass4 ,! little boy %[$ by ! tone ( 8 inquiry1 t he 0 9 ! philosophic /ate ( d\bt2 _h he be5 ridicul$ = 8 "q2 _h he be5 told t he talk$ nons5se1 he w\ld n1 ^u ano!r occasion1 h told u 8 ?\ghts1 & he c]ta9ly c\ld n h improv$ 9 reason+4 ,! way to improve *ildr5 9 _! judgm5t ) respect to causation1 is to increase _! k1 & to lead !m to try exp]im5ts by :i* !y may discov] :at circum/ances are ess5tial to ! production ( any giv5 effect2 & :at are m]ely accessory1 unimportant concomitants ( ! ev5t4#hh ,a *ild :o1 = ! fir/ "t1 sees blue & r$ pa9ts mix$ toge!r to produce purple1 c\ld n be c]ta9 t ! pallet on :i* ^! col\rs 7 mix$1 ! spatula ) :i* !y 7 temp]$1 7 n necess>y circum/ances4 ,9 _m cases1 ! vessels 9 :i* ?+s are mix$ are ess5tial2 !re=e1 a s5sible *ild w\ld repeat ! exp]im5t exactly 9 ! same mann] 9 :i* he _h se5 x succe$4 ,?is exactness %\ld n be suff]$ to become indol5t imitation1 or sup]/iti\s adh]5ce to p>ticul> =ms4 ,*ildr5 %\ld be excit$ to add or d$uct p>ticul>s 9 try+ exp]im5ts1 & to obs]ve ! effects ( ^! *anges4 ,9 ,*emi/ry1 & ,me*anics1 we h po9t$ out a v>iety ( occupations1 9 :i* ! judgm5t ( *ildr5 may be ex]cis$ ^u ! imm$iate objects ( _! s5ses4 ,x is natural1 p]haps1 t we %\ld expect our pupils to %[ surprise at ^? ?+s :i* excite surprise 9 our m9ds2 b we %\ld consid] t almo/ e ?+ is new to *ildr52 &1 !re=e1 !re is sc>cely any gradation 9 _! a/oni%m5t4 ,a *ild ( ?ree or f\r ye>s old1 w\ld be z mu* amus$1 &1 probably1 z mu* surpris$1 by see+ a pap] kite fly1 z he c\ld by behold+ ! asc5t ( a balloon4 ,we %\ld n attribute ?is to /upidity1 or want ( judgm5t1 b simply to ignorance4 ,a few days ago1 ,w---- 7?ree ye>s old7 :o 0 le>n+ 8 lett]s1 0 let s[ an o 9 ! g>d5 ) mu/>d se$4 ,w---- 0 mu* pleas$ ) ! op]ation4 ,:5 ! gre5 plants appe>$ above gr\nd1 x 0 expect$ t ,w---- w\ld be mu* surpris$ at see+ ! exact %ape ( 8 o4 ,he 0 tak5 to look at x2 b he %[$ no surprise1 no sort ( emotion4 ,we h advis$ t ! judgm5t ( *ildr5 %\ld be ex]cis$ ^u ! objects ( _! s5ses4 ,x is sc>cely possible t !y %\ld reason ^u ! subjects :i* are sometimes propos$ to !m3 ) respect to mann]s & society1 !y h _h no exp]i5ce1 consequ5tly !y c =m no judgm5ts4 ,by imprud5tly endeav\r+ to turn ! att5tion ( *ildr5 to conv]sation t is unsuit$ to !m1 p may give ! appe>ance ( e>ly intellig5ce1 & a c]ta9 read9ess ( rep>tee & flu5cy ( expression2 b ^! are transi5t advantages4 ,sm>t1 witty *ildr51 amuse ! circle = a few h\rs1 & are =gott53 & we may obs]ve1 t almo/ all *ildr5 :o are prais$ & admir$ = sprightl9ess & wit1 reason absurdly1 & cont9ue ignorant4 ,wit & judgm5t dep5d ^u diff]5t opposite habits ( ! m9d4 ,wit se>*es = remote resemblances betwe5 objects or ?\ghts app>5tly dissimil>4 ,judgm5t comp>es ! objects plac$ be=e x1 9 ord] to f9d out _! diff]5ces1 r ?an _! resemblances4 ,! comp>isons ( judgm5t may be sl[3 ^? ( wit mu/ be rapid4 ,! same p[] ( att5tion 9 *ildr51 may produce ei!r wit or judgm5t4 ,p>5ts mu/ decide 9 :i* faculty1 or r1 9 :i* ( ^! habits ( ! m9d1 !y wi% _! pupils to excel2 & !y mu/ conduct _! education accord+ly4 ,^? :o are desir\s to make _! pupils witty1 mu/ sacrifice "s portion ( _! judgm5t to ! acquisition ( ! tal5t = wit2 !y mu/ all[ _! *ildr5 to talk frequ5tly at r&om4 ,among/ a multitude ( haz>d$ obs]vations1 a happy hit is n[ & !n made3 = ^! happy hits1 *ildr5 :o are to be made wits %\ld be prais$2 & !y mu/ acquire suffici5t c\rage to speak f a cursory view ( ?+s2 !re=e ! mi/akes !y make f sup]ficial exam9ation mu/ n be po9t$ out to !m2 _! att5tion mu/ be turn$ to ! comic1 r ?an to ! s]i\s side ( objects2 !y mu/ /udy ! diff]5t mean+s & p[]s ( words2 !y %\ld he> witty conv]sation1 read epigrams1 & com$ies2 & 9 all company !y %\ld be ex]cis$ be=e numb]s 9 sm>t dialogue & rep>tee4 ,:5 we m5tion ! me?ods ( educat+ a *ild to be witty1 we at ! same "t po9t out ! dang]s ( ?is education2 & x is b j to w>n p>5ts aga9/ expect+ inconsi/5t qualities f _! pupils4 ,^? :o /eadily pref] ! solid advantages ( judgm5t1 to ! transi5t brilliancy ( wit1 %\ld n be mortifi$ :5 !y see _! *ildr51 p]haps1 defici5t at n9e or t5 ye>s old 9 ! %[y tal5ts = g5]al conv]sation2 !y mu/ be> to see _! pupils appe> sl[2 !y mu/ be> ! contra/ ( flippant gayety & sob] simplicity2 !y mu/ pursue exactly an opposite c\rse to t :i* has be5 recomm5d$ = ! education ( wits2 !y mu/ nev] praise _! pupils = haz>d+ obs]vations2 !y mu/ cauti\sly po9t out any mi/akes t are made f a precipitate survey ( objects2 !y %\ld n h>d5 _! pupils aga9/ t feel+ ( %ame1 :i* arises 9 ! m9d f ! p]ception ( hav+ utt]$ an absurdity2 !y %\ld nev] enc\rage _! pupils to play ^u words2 & _! admiration ( wit %\ld nev] be vehem5tly or en?usia/ically express$4 ,we %all give a few examples to conv9ce p>5ts1 t *ildr51 ^: reason+ p[]s h be5 cultivat$1 are r sl[ 9 compreh5d+ & 9 admir+ wit4 ,!y require to h x expla9$1 !y want to settle ! exact ju/ice & morality ( ! rep>tee1 be=e !y w admire x4 7,novemb] #bj?1 #agif47 ,to day at d9n] ! conv]sation happ5$ to turn ^u wit4 ,somebody m5tion$ ! well kn[n reply ( ! hackney coa*man to ,pope4 ,s----1 a boy ( n9e ye>s old1 li/5$ att5tively1 b did n seem to und]/& x2 8 fa!r endeav\r$ to expla9 x to him4 ,pope 0 a little ill made man2 8 fav\rite exclamation 01 ',god m5d me6' ,n[1 :5 he 0 9 a passion ) ! hackney coa*man1 he cri$ z usual1 ',god m5d me6' ',m5d y1 sir8' said ! coa*man2 'x w\ld be easi] to make a new "o4' ,d y und]/& ?is n[1 ,s----8 ,s---- look$ dull ^u x1 &1 aft] "s m9utes consid]ation1 said1 ,yes1 ,pope 0 ill made2 ! man meant x w\ld be bett] to make a new "o ?an to m5d him4 ,s---- did n yet seem to ta/e ! wit2 he took ! answ] lit]ally1 & und]/ood x sob]ly4 ,imm$iately aft]w>ds1 ! (fic]'s fam\s reply to ,pope 0 told to ,s----4 ,ab\t t5 days aft] ?is conv]sation1 ,s---- said to 8 si/]1 ,i wond]1 ,m----1 t p don't (t5] laugh at crook$ p2 l ! (fic] :o call$ ,pope a note ( int]rogation4 ,m----4 ,x w\ld be ill natur$ to laugh at !m4 ,s----4 ,b y all prais$ t man = say+ t ab\t ,pope4 ,y did n ?9k him ill natur$4 ,mr4 ----4 ,no1 because ,pope _h be5 imp]t95t to him4 ,s----4 ,h[8 ,m----4 ,don't y rememb]1 t :5 ! (fic] said t a note ( int]rogation w\ld make ! passage cle>1 ,pope turn$ r\nd1 & look+ at him ) great contempt1 ask$ if he knew :at a note ( int]rogation 08 ,s----4 ,yes1 ,i rememb] t2 b ,i d n ?9k t 0 v imp]t95t1 because ,pope might n "k :e!r ! man knew x or n4 ,mr4 ----4 ,v true3 b !n y see1 t ,pope took x = grant$ t ! (fic] 0 extremely ignorant2 a boy :o is j le>n+ to read kn[s :at a note ( int]rogation is4 ,s---- 7?\ghtfully47 ,yes1 x 0 rude ( ,pope2 b !n ! man 0 an (fic]1 & !re=e1 x 0 v likely t he might be ignorant2 y "k y said t (fic]s 7 (t5 v ignorant4 ,mr4 ----4 ,i said (t52 b n always4 ,"y m51 ,i told y1 :o are tir$ ( books1 & ambiti\s ( a r$ coat1 (t5 g into ! army to save !mselves ! tr\ble ( acquir+ ! k necess>y = o!r pr(essions4 ,a man _c be a good lawy]1 or a good physician1 )\t hav+ acquir$ a great deal ( k2 b an (fic] ne$ h little k to "k h[ to /& to be %ot at4 ,b ?\gh x may be true 9 g5]al1 t (fic]s are (t5 ignorant1 x is n necess>y t !y %\ld be s2 a man 9 a r$ coat may h z mu* k z a man 9 a black1 or a blue "o2 !re=e no s5sible p]son %\ld decide t a man is ignorant m]ely because he is an (fic]1 z ,pope did4 ,s----4 ,no1 to be sure4 ,i und]/& n[4 ,m----4 ,b ,i ?\ght1 ,s----1 y und]/ood ?is be=e4 ,mr4 ----4 ,he is v "r n to let x pass )\t und]/&+ x ?or\ghly4 ,y are v "r1 ,s----1 n to swall[ ?+s :ole2 *ew !m well4 ,s---- look$ z if he 0 /ill *ew+4 ,m----4 ,:at are y ?9k+ ( ,s----8 ,s----4 ,( ! man's laugh+ at ,pope = be+ crook$4 ,mr4 ----4 ,if ,pope _h n said any ?+ rude to t man1 ! man w\ld h done v wrong to h laugh$ at him4 ,if ! (fic] _h walk$ into a c(fee-h\se1 & po9t+ at ,pope1 _h said1 '!re's a little crook$ ?+ l a note ( int]rogation1' p might h be5 pleas$ ) 8 wit 9 see+ t resemblance1 b !y w\ld h dislik$ 8 ill nature2 & ^? :o knew ,mr4 ,pope1 w\ld probably h answ]$1 ',yes ,sir1 b t crook$ little man is "o ( ! mo/ witty m5 9 ,engl&2 he is ! great poet1 ,mr4 ,pope4' ,b :5 ,mr4 ,pope _h insult$ ! (fic]1 ! case 0 alt]$4 ,n[1 if ! (fic] _h simply answ]$1 :5 he 0 ask$ :at a note ( int]rogation 01 'a little crook$ ?+2' & if he _h look$ at ,pope f head to foot z he spoke ^! words1 e body's att5tion w\ld h be5 turn$ ^u ,pope's figure2 b !n ! (fic] w\ld h reproa*$ him only = 8 p]sonal defects3 by say+1 'a little crook$ ?+ t asks que/ions1' ! (fic] reprov$ ,pope = 8 imp]t95ce4 ,pope _h j ask$ him a "q1 & e body p]ceiv$ ! d\ble application ( ! answ]4 ,x 0 an exact description ( a note ( int]rogation1 & ( ,mr4 ,pope4 ,x is ?is sort ( p>tial resemblance quickly po9t$ out betwe5 ?+s1 :i* at fir/ appe> v unlike1 t surprises & pleases p1 & !y call x wit4 ,h[ difficult x is to expla9 wit to a *ild6 & h[ mu* m difficult to fix its value & morality6 ,ab\t a mon? aft] ?is conv]sation _h pass$1 ,s---- return$ to ! *>ge3 8 m9d _h n be5 completely settl$ ab\t wit4 7,janu>y #i?1 #agif47 ,s1 ,s----1 y don't yet und]/& wit1 ,i see1 said ,m---- to him1 :5 he look$ v grave at some?+ t 0 said to him 9 je/4 ,s---- imm$iately ask$1 ,:at is wit8 ,m---- answ]$ 7laugh+7 ,wit is ! folly ( gr[n up p4 ,mr4 ----4 ,h[ c y give ! boy su* an answ]8 ,come to me1 my de>1 & ,i'll try if ,i c give y a bett]4 ,!re are two k9ds ( wit1 "o :i* dep5ds ^u words1 & ano!r :i* dep5ds ^u ?\ghts4 ,i w give y an in/ance ( wit dep5d+ ^u words3 ,he> yond] begg>1 h[ he cries1 ,i am s lame ,i _c rise6 ,if he tells tru?1 he lies4 ,d y und]/& t8 ,s----4 ,no6 ,if he tells tru?1 he lies6 ,no1 he c't bo? tell tru? & tell a lie at ! same "t2 t's impossible4 ,mr4 ----4 ,!n !re is some?+ 9 ! words :i* y don't und]/&3 9 ! common s5se ( ! words1 !y contradict ea* o!r2 b try if y c f9d out any uncommon s5se--any ^w :i* c be und]/ood 9 two s5ses4 ,s---- mutt]$ ! words1 ,if he tells tru?1 he lies1 & look$ indignant1 b pres5tly said1 ,oh1 n[ ,i und]/&2 ! begg> 0 ly+ d[n2 he lies1 means he lies d[n1 n he tells a lie4 ,! p]ception ( ! d\ble mean+ ( ! words1 did n seem to please ?is boy2 on ! contr>y1 x seem$ to provoke him2 & he appe>$ to ?9k t he _h wa/$ 8 "t ^u ! discov]y4 ,mr4 ----4 ,n[ ,i w give y an in/ance ( wit t dep5ds ^u ! ideas1 r ?an on ! words4 ,a man ( v bad "* _h told falsehoods ( ano!r1 :o !n made ^! two l9es2 ,lie on1 :il/ my rev5ge %all be1 ,to tell ! v tru? ( !e4 ,s---- approv$ ( ?is imm$iately1 & he>tily1 & recollect$ ! only epigram he knew by rote1 "o :i* he _h he>d 9 conv]sation two or ?ree mon?s be=e ?is "t4 ,x 0 made ^u a tall1 /upid man1 :o _h *all5g$ ano!r to make an epigram extempore ^u him4 ,unlike to ,rob9son %all be my song2 ,x %all be witty1 & x %an't be long4 ,at ! "t ,s---- fir/ he>d ?is epigram1 he _h be5 z sl[ 9 compreh5d+ x z possible2 b aft] x _h be5 ?or\ghly expla9$1 x pleas$ him1 & rema9$ fix$ 9 8 memory4 ,mr4 ---- obs]v$1 t ?is epigram conta9$ wit bo? 9 words & 9 ideas3 & he gave ,s----"o o!r example4 ,!re 7 two contractors2 ,i mean p :o make a b>ga9 ) gov]nm5t1 or ) ^? :o gov]n ! c\ntry1 to supply !m ) c]ta9 ?+s at a c]ta9 price2 !re 7 two contractors1 "o ( :om 0 employ$ to supply gov]nm5t ) corn2 ! o!r agre$ to supply gov]nm5t ) rum4 ,n[1 y "k1 corn may be call$ gra91 & rum may be call$ _s4 ,bo? ^! contractors *eat$ 9 _! b>ga92 bo? _! names 7 ! same2 & ! foll[+ epigram 0 made on !m3 ,bo? ( a "n1 lo6 two contractors come2 ,"o *eats 9 corn1 & t'o!r *eats 9 rum4 ,:i* is ! great]1 if y c1 expla91 ,a rogue 9 _s1 or a rogue 9 gra98 ,_s1 cont9u$ ,mr4 ----1 has ano!r s5se1 y "k--w1 int5tion1 s\l2 he has ! _s ( a rogue2 %e has ! _s ( contradiction4 ,& gra9 has also ano!r mean+2 ! gra9 ( ?is table1 ! gra9 ( y\r coat4 ,dy$ 9 gra91 means dy$ into ! sub/ance ( ! mat]ial1 s t ! dye c't be wa%$ out4 ,a rogue 9 gra91 means a man ^: habit ( *eat+ is fix$ 9 8 m9d3 & x is difficult to det]m9e :i* is ! wor/1 a man :o has ! wi%1 or a man :o has ! habit1 ( do+ wrong4 ,at fir/ x seems z if y 7 only ask$ :i* 0 ! wor/1 to *eat 9 sell+ gra91 or 9 sell+ _s2 b ! conceal$ mean+1 makes ! "q bo? s5se & wit4 ,^! detail$ examples1 we fe>1 may appe> tiresome2 b we knew n h[1 )\t !m1 to expla9 ourselves fully4 ,we %\ld add1 = ! consolation ( ^? :o admire wit1 & we are among/ ! numb] ourselves1 t x is mu* m likely t wit %\ld be engraft$ ^u judgm5t1 ?an t judgm5t %\ld be engraft$ ^u wit4 ,! boy :om we h j m5tion$1 :o 0 s sl[ 9 compreh5d+ ! nature ( wit1 0 ask$ :e!r he c\ld ?9k ( any answ] t ,pope might h made to ! (fic] :o call$ him a note ( int]rogation4 ,s----4 ,is !re any note :i* means answ]8 ,mr4 ----4 ,i don't "k :at y mean4 ,s----4 ,any note :i* means answ]1 z - - - - l ! note ( int]rogation1 :i* %[s t a "q is ask$8 ,mr4 ----4 ,no2 b if !re 71 :at !n8 ,s----4 ,pope might h call$ ! man t note4 ,s---- c\ld n exactly expla9 8 idea2 somebody :o 0 pres5t said1 t if he _h be5 9 ,pope's place1 he w\ld h call$ ! (fic] a note ( admiration4 ,s---- w\ld h made ?is answ]1 if he _h be5 famili>ly acqua9t$ ) ! "n ( ! note ( admiration4 ,8 judgm5t taught him h[ to set ab\t look+ = a prop] answ]2 b x c\ld n lead him to ! exact place = want ( exp]i5ce4 ,we hope t we h1 9 ! *apt] on books1 fully expla9$ ! dang] ( accu/om+ *ildr5 to read :at !y d n und]/&4 ,poetry1 !y _c e>ly compreh5d2 & ev5 if !y d und]/& x1 !y _c improve _! reason+ faculty by poetic /udies4 ,! analogies ( poetry1 & ( reason+1 are v diff]5t4 ,! muse1 says an excell5t judge ^u ?is subject1 w\ld make b an indiff]5t s*ool-mi/ress4 ,we include "u ! head poetry1 all books 9 :i* declamation & eloqu5ce are sub/itut$ = reason+4 ,we %\ld accu/om our pupils to judge /rictly ( ! reason+ :i* !y meet ) 9 books2 no names ( high au?ority %\ld ev] preclude an au?or's argum5ts f exam9ation4 ,! foll[+ passage f ,/4 ,pi]re's ,etudes de la ,nature1 0 read to two boys3 ,h----1 #ad ye>s old2 ,s----1 #aj ye>s old4 ,hurtful insects1 pres5t 7! same7 oppositions & signs ( de/ruction2 ! gnat1 ?ir/y ( human blood1 ann\nces himself to our sight by ! :ite spots ) :i* 8 br[n body is speckl$2 & by ! %rill s\nd ( 8 w+s1 :i* int]rupts ! calm ( ! groves1 he ann\nces himself to our e> z well z to our eye4 ,! c>nivor\s wasp is /reak$ l ! tig]1 ) b&s ( black ov] a yell[ gr\nd4 ,h---- & ,s---- bo? at once exclaim$1 t ^! spots 9 ! gnat1 & /reaks 9 ! wasp1 _h no?+ to d ) _! /++ u4 ,! buzz+ ( ! gnat1 said ,s----1 w\ld1 ,i ?9k1 be a v agreeable s\nd to u1 if we did n "k t ! gnat w\ld /+1 & t x 0 com+ ne> u2 &1 z to ! wasp1 ,i rememb] /opp+ "o day ^u ! /airs to look at ! beautiful black & yell[ body ( a wasp4 ,i did n ?9k ( dang]1 nor ( its /++ me !n1 & ,i did n "k t x 0 l ! tig]4 ,aft] ,i _h be5 /ung by a wasp1 ,i did n ?9k a wasp su* a beautiful animal4 ,i ?9k x is v (t5 f our kn[+ t animals c hurt u1 t we ?9k !m ugly4 ,we might z well say1 cont9u$ ,s----1 po9t+ to a crocus :i* 0 ne> him1 we might z well say1 t a man :o has a yell[ face has ! same disposition z t crocus1 or t ! crocus is 9 e ?+ l ! man1 because x is yell[4 ,cic]o's curi\s consolation = deafness is prop]ly notic$ by ,mr4 ,hume4 ,x 0 read to ,s---- a few days ago1 to try :e!r he c\ld detect ! sophi/ry3 he 0 n previ\sly told :at 0 ?\ght ( x by o!rs4 ,h[ _m languages are !re1 says ,cic]o1 :i* y d n und]/&6 ,! ,punic1 ,spani%1 ,gallic1 ,egyptian1 c4 ,) reg>d to all ^!1 y are z if y 7 deaf1 & yet y are indiff]5t ab\t ! matt]4 ,is x !n s great a mis=tune to be deaf to "o language m8 ,i don't ?9k1 said ,s----1 t 0 at all a good way to console ! man1 because x 0 putt+ him 9 m9d t he 0 m deaf ?an he ?\ght he 04 ,he did n ?9k ( ^? languages1 p]haps1 till he 0 put 9 m9d t he c\ld n he> !m4 ,9 /at+ any "q to a *ild1 we %\ld avoid lett+ our own op9ion be kn[n1 le/ we lead or intimidate 8 m9d4 ,we %\ld also avoid all appe>ance ( anxiety1 all impati5ce = ! answ]2 our pupil's m9d %\ld be 9 a calm /ate :5 he is to judge3 if we turn 8 sympa!tic att5tion to our hopes & fe>s1 we agitate him1 & he w judge by our c\nt5ances r ?an by comp>+ ! objects or propositions :i* are laid be=e him4 ,"s p1 9 argu+ ) *ildr51 tea* !m to be dis+5u\s by ! unc&id mann] 9 :i* !y proce$2 !y %[ a desire = victory1 r ?an = tru?2 !y /ate ! argum5ts only on _! own side ( ! "q1 & !y w n all[ ! =ce ( ^? :i* are br\ght aga9/ !m4 ,*ildr5 are ?us piqu$1 in/ead ( be+ conv9c$1 & 9 _! turn !y become zealots 9 support ( _! own op9ions2 !y hunt only = argum5ts 9 _! own fav\r1 & !y are mortifi$ :5 a good reason is br\ght on ! opposite side ( ! "q to t on :i* !y happ5 to h enli/$4 ,to prev5t ?is1 we %\ld nev] argue1 or suff] o!rs to argue = victory ) our pupils2 we %\ld n praise !m = _! clev]ness 9 f9d+ out argum5ts 9 support ( _! own op9ion2 b we %\ld praise _! c&\r & good s5se :5 !y p]ceive & ackn[l$ge ! =ce ( _! oppon5t's argum5ts4 ,!y %\ld n be ex]cis$ z advocates1 b z judges2 !y %\ld be enc\rag$ to keep _! m9ds imp>tial1 to sum up ! reasons :i* !y h he>d1 & to =m _! op9ion f ^! )\t reg>d to :at !y may h orig9ally ass]t$4 ,we %\ld nev] triumph ov] *ildr5 = *ang+ _! op9ion4 ,i ?\ght y 7 on my side ( ! "q2 or1 ,i ?\ght y 7 on ! o!r side ( ! "q j n[6 is sometimes taunt+ly said to an +5u\s *ild1 :o *anges 8 op9ion :5 he he>s a new argum5t4 ,y ?9k x a pro( ( 8 want ( judgm5t1 t he *anges 8 op9ion 9 ?is mann]2 t he vibrates cont9ually f side to side3 let him vibrate1 pres5tly he w be fix$4 ,d y ?9k x a pro( t y\r scales are bad1 because !y vibrate ) e additional weight t is add$ to ei!r side8 ,idle p sometimes amuse !mselves ) try+ ! judgm5t ( *ildr51 by tell+ !m improbable1 extravagant /ories1 & !n ask ! simple li/5]s :e!r !y believe :at has be5 told !m4 ,! read9ess ( belief 9 *ildr5 w always be proportion$ to _! exp]i5ce ( ! v]acity ( ^? ) :om !y conv]se2 consequ5tly *ildr51 :o live ) ^? :o speak tru? to !m1 w sc>cely ev] be incl9$ to d\bt ! v]acity ( /rang]s4 ,su* trials ( ! judgm5t ( our pupils %\ld nev] be p]mitt$4 ,:y %\ld ! example ( ly+ be set be=e ! hone/ m9ds ( *ildr51 :o are f> f silly :5 !y %[ simplicity8 ,!y guide !mselves by ! be/ rules1 by :i* ev5 a philosoph] 9 simil> circum/ances c\ld guide himself4 ,! ?+s ass]t$ are extraord9>y1 b ! *ildr5 believe !m1 because !y h nev] _h any exp]i5ce ( ! falsehood ( human te/imony4 ,! ,socratic mode ( reason+ is frequ5tly practis$ ^u *ildr54 ,p arrange que/ions artfully1 s z to br+ !m to :atev] conclusion !y please4 ,9 ?is mode ( reason+1 mu* dep5ds ^u gett+ ! fir/ move2 ! *ild has v little *ance ( hav+ x1 8 preceptor usually beg9s fir/ ) a p]emptory voice1 ,n[ answ] me ?is "q6 ,! pupil1 :o kn[s t ! int]rogatories are put ) a design to entrap him1 is imm$iately al>m$1 & in/ead ( giv+ a direct1 c&id answ] to ! "q1 is always look+ =w>d to ! possible consequ5ces ( 8 reply2 or he is consid]+ h[ he may evade ! sn>e t is laid = him4 ,"u ^! circum/ances he is 9 imm95t dang] ( le>n+ ! %uffl+ habits ( cunn+2 he has little *ance ( le>n+ ! nature ( op51 manly inve/igation4 ,preceptors1 :o imag9e t x is necess>y to put on v grave faces1 & to use mu* le>n$ app>atus 9 tea*+ ! art ( reason+1 are n ne>ly s likely to succe$ z ^? :o h ! happy art ( enc\rag+ *ildr5 to lay op5 _! m9ds freely1 & :o c make e pleas+ trifle an ex]cise = ! und]/&+4 ,if x be playfully po9t$ out to a *ild t he reasons ill1 he smiles & corrects himself2 b y run ! haz>d ( mak+ him positive 9 err\r1 if y reprove or ridicule him ) sev]ity4 ,x is bett] to seize ! subjects t accid5tally arise 9 conv]sation1 ?an =mally to prep>e subjects = discussion4 ,! k+'s /ag h\nds1 7says ,mr4 ,:ite ( ,selborne1 9 8 ent]ta9+ obs]vations on quadrup$s1#hi7 ! k+'s /ag h\nds came d[n to ,alton1 att5d$ by a huntsman & six yeoman prick]s ) horns1 to try = ! /ag t has haunt$ ,h>tley-wood & its environs = s long a "t4 ,_m hundr$s ( p1 horse & foot1 att5d$ ! dogs to see ! de] unh>b\r$2 b ?\gh ! huntsman drew ,h>tley-wood1 & ,long-coppice1 & ,%rub-wood1 & ,temple-hang]s1 & 9 _! way back1 ,h>tley1 & ,w>dleham-hang]s1 yet no /ag c\ld be f\nd4 ,! royal pack1 accu/om$ to h ! de] turn$ out be=e !m1 nev] drew ! cov]ts ) any address & _s1 c4 ,*ildr51 :o are accu/om$ to h ! game />t$ & turn$ out be=e !m by _! preceptors1 may1 p]haps1 l ! royal pack1 lose _! wont$ address & _s1 & may be disgracefully at a fault 9 ! public *ase4 ,preceptors %\ld n help _! pupils out 9 argum5t1 !y %\ld excite !m to expla9 & support _! own obs]vations4 ,_m ladies %[ 9 g5]al conv]sation ! p[]s ( easy raill]y jo9$ to reason+1 un9cumb]$ ) p$antry4 ,if !y w\ld employ ^! tal5ts 9 ! education ( _! *ildr51 !y w\ld probably be z well repaid = _! ex]tions1 z !y c possibly be by ! polite1 b transi5t applause ( ! visit]s to :om !y usually devote _! p[]s ( ent]ta9+4 ,a little praise or blame1 a smile f a "m1 or a fr[n1 a mom5ts att5tion1 or a look ( cold neglect1 h ! happy1 or ! fatal p[] ( repress+ or ( excit+ ! en]gy ( a *ild1 ( direct+ 8 und]/&+ to useful or p]nici\s purposes4 ,sc>cely a day passes 9 :i* *ildr5 d n make "s attempt to reason ab\t ! little ev5ts :i* int]e/ !m1 &1 ^u ^! occasions1 a "m1 :o jo9s 9 conv]sation ) h] *ildr51 may in/ruct !m 9 ! art ( reason+ )\t ! p>ade ( logical disquisitions4 ,mr4 ,locke has done mank9d an ess5tial s]vice1 by ! c&id mann] 9 :i* he has spok5 ( "s ( ! le>n$ =ms ( argum5tation4 ,a great proportion ( society1 he obs]ves1 are unacqua9t$ ) ^! =ms1 & h n he>d ! "n ( ,ari/otle2 yet1 )\t ! aid ( syllogisms1 !y c reason suffici5tly well = all ! useful purposes ( life1 (t5 mu* bett] ?an ^? :o h be5 discipl9$ 9 ! s*ools4 ,x w\ld inde$ be putt+ "o man sadly ov] ! head ( ano!r1 to conf9e ! reason+ faculty to ! disciples ( ,ari/otle1 to any sect or sy/em1 or to any =ms ( disputation4 ,mr4 ,locke has v cle>ly %[n1 t syllogisms d n assi/ ! m9d 9 ! p]ception ( ! agreem5t or disagreem5t ( ideas2 b1 on ! contr>y1 t !y inv]t ! natural ord] 9 :i* ! ?\ghts %\ld be plac$1 & 9 :i* !y mu/ be plac$1 be=e we c draw a j conclusion4 ,to *ildr5 :o are n famili>iz$ ) s*ola/ic t]ms1 ! s\nd ( h>% words1 & qua9t language1 unlike any ?+ t !y he> 9 common conv]sation1 is alone suffici5t to al>m _! imag9ation ) "s confus$ appreh5sion ( difficulty4 ,9 ?is /ate ( al>m !y are seldom suffici5tly ma/]s ( !mselves1 ei!r to d5y or to ackn[l$ge an adept's major1 m9or1 or conclusion4 ,ev5 ^? :o are mo/ exp]t 9 syllogi/ical reason+1 d n (t5 apply x to ! common affairs ( life1 9 :i* reason+ is j z mu* want$ z x is 9 ! ab/ract que/ions ( philosophy2 & _m argue1 & conduct !mselves ) great prud5ce & precision1 :o might1 p]haps1 be caught on ! horns ( a dilemma2 or :o w\ld infallibly fall victims to ! crocodile4 ,"y p %\ld n be ignorant1 h[ev]1 ( ^! boa/$ =ms ( argum5tation2 & x may1 z !y advance 9 ! k ( words1 be a useful ex]cise to resi/ ! attacks ( sophi/ry4 ,no +5i\s p]son w\ld wi% to tea* a *ild to employ !m4 ,z def5sive weapons1 x is necess>y1 t "y p %\ld h ! comm& ( logical t]ms2 z (f5sive weapons1 ^! %\ld nev] be us$4 ,!y %\ld "k ! evolutions1 & be able to p]=m ! ex]cise ( a logician1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! times1 accord+ to ! usage ( diff]5t nations2 b !y %\ld n atta* any undue importance to ?is te*nical art3 !y %\ld n tru/ to x 9 ! day ( battle4 ,we h se5 syllogisms1 crocodiles1 en?ymemas1 sorites1 c4 expla9$ & tri$ ^u a boy ( n9e or t5 ye>s old 9 playful conv]sation1 s t he became accu/om$ to ! t]ms )\t le>n+ to be p$antic 9 ! abuse ( !m2 & 8 quickness 9 reason+ 0 increas$ by ex]cise 9 detect+ pu]ile sophisms2 su* z t ( ! ,cretans--,gorgias & 8 b>ga9 ab\t ! w9n+ ( 8 fir/ cause4 ,9 ! foll[+ sorites#ij ( ,!mi/ocles--,my son comm&s 8 "m2 8 "m comm&s me2 ,i comm& ! ,a!nians2 ! ,a!nians comm& ,greece2 ,greece comm&s ,europe2 ,europe comm&s ! :ole e>?2 !re=e my son comm&s ! :ole e>?--! sophism dep5ds ^u ! inaccurate use ( ! comm&s1 :i* is employ$ 9 diff]5t s5ses 9 ! diff]5t propositions4 ,?is err\r 0 )\t difficulty detect$ by ,s---- at t5 ye>s old2 & we make no d\bt t any unprejudic$ boy ( ! same age1 w\ld imm$iately po9t out ! fallacy )\t hesitation2 b we d n feel q sure t a boy ex]cis$ 9 logic1 :o _h be5 taught to admire & rev]5ce ! anci5t figures ( rhetoric1 w\ld ) equal read9ess detect ! sophism4 ,p]haps x may seem surpris+1 t ! same boy1 :o judg$ s well ( ?is sorites ( ,!mi/ocles1 %\ld a few mon?s be=e h be5 easily entrapp$ by ! foll[+ simple dilemma4 ,m----4 ,we %\ld avoid :at gives u pa94 ,s----4 ,yes1 to be sure4 ,m----4 ,:atev] burns u1 gives u pa94 ,s----4 ,yes1 t x does6 ,m----4 ,we %\ld !n avoid :atev] burns u4 ,to ?is conclusion ,s---- he>tily ass5t$1 = he _h b j recov]$ f ! pa9 ( a burn4 ,m----4 ,fire burns u4 ,s----4 ,yes1 ,i "k t4 ,m----4 ,we %\ld !n avoid fire4 ,s----4 ,yes4 ,?is ha/y yes 0 extort$ f ! boy by ! mode ( int]rogatory2 b he soon p]ceiv$ 8 mi/ake4 ,m----4 ,we %\ld avoid fire4 ,:at :5 we are v cold8 ,s----4 ,oh1 no3 ,i meant to say1 t we %\ld avoid a c]ta9 degree ( fire4 ,we %\ld n g too ne> ! fire4 ,we %\ld n g s ne> z to burn ourselves4 ,*ildr5 :o h b little exp]i5ce1 frequ5tly admit ass]tions to be true 9 g5]al1 :i* are only true 9 p>ticul> in/ances2 & ?is is (t5 attribut$ to _! want ( judgm5t3 x %\ld be attribut$ to _! want ( exp]i5ce4 ,exp]i5ce1 & no?+ else1 c rectify ^! mi/akes3 if we attempt to correct !m by words1 we %all m]ely tea* our pupils to argue ab\t t]ms1 n to reason4 ,"s ( ! que/ions & !mes :i* are giv5 to boys may af=d u in/ances ( ?is injudici\s education4 ,is eloqu5ce advantage\s1 or hurtful to a /ate8 ,:at a va/ range ( ideas1 :at v>iety ( exp]i5ce 9 m5 & ?+s %\ld a p]son possess1 :o is to discuss ?is "q6 ,yet x is (t5 discuss$ by un=tunate s*ol>s ( elev5 or twelve ye>s old4 ,:at is ! greate/ good8 ,! answ] expect$ by a preceptor to ?is "q1 obvi\sly is1 virtue2 &1 if a boy c1 9 dec5t language1 write a page or two ab\t pleasure's be+ a transi5t1 & virtue a p]man5t good1 8 ma/] flatt]s himself t he has e>ly taught him to reason philosophically4 ,b :at ideas does ! y\? annex to ! words pleasure & virtue8 ,or does he annex any8 ,if he annex no idea to ! words1 he is m]ely talk+ ab\t s\nds4 ,all reason+ ultimately ref]s to matt]s ( fact3 to judge :e!r any piece ( reason+ is )9 ! compreh5sion ( a *ild1 we mu/ consid] :e!r ! facts to :i* x ref]s are )9 8 exp]i5ce4 ,! m we increase 8 k ( facts1 ! m we %\ld ex]cise him 9 reason+ ^u !m2 b we %\ld tea* him to exam9e c>efully be=e he admits any ?+ to be a fact1 or any ass]tion to be true4 ,exp]im5t1 z to sub/ances1 is ! te/ ( tru?2 & att5tion to 8 own feel+s1 z to matt]s ( feel+4 ,comp>ison ( ! evid5ce ( o!rs ) ! g5]al laws ( nature1 :i* he has le>n$ f 8 own obs]vation1 is ano!r mode ( obta9+ an accurate k ( facts4 ,m4 ,condillac1 9 8 ,art ( ,reason+1 ma9ta9s1 t ! evid5ce ( reason dep5ds solely ^u our p]ception ( ! id5tity1 or1 to use a less =midable ^w1 sam5ess1 ( "o proposition ) ano!r4 ,a demon/ration1 he says1 is only a *a9 ( propositions1 9 :i* ! same ideas1 pass+ f "o to ! o!r1 diff] only because !y are diff]5tly express$2 ! evid5ce ( any reason+ consi/s solely 9 its id5tity4 ,m4 ,condillac#ia exemplifies ?is doctr9e by translat+ ?is proposition1 ,! measure ( e triangle is ! product ( its height by half its base1 into self-evid5t1 or1 z he calls !m1 id5tical propositions4 ,! :ole ultimately ref]r+ to ! ideas :i* we h obta9$ by our s5ses ( a triangle2 ( its base1 ( measure1 height1 & numb]4 ,if a *ild _h n previ\sly acquir$ any "o ( ^! ideas1 x w\ld be 9 va9 to expla9 "o t]m by ano!r1 or to translate "o phrase or proposition into ano!r2 !y might be id5tical1 b !y w\ld n be self-evid5t propositions to ! pupil2 & no conclusion1 except :at relates m]ely to words1 c\ld be =m$ f su* reason+4 ,! moral :i* we %\ld draw f ,condillac's obs]vations = ,practical ,education mu/ be1 t cle> ideas %\ld fir/ be acquir$ by ! ex]cise ( ! s5ses1 & t aft]w>ds1 :5 we reason ab\t ?+s 9 words1 we %\ld use few & accurate t]ms1 t we may h z little tr\ble z possible 9 *ang+ or translat+ "o phrase or proposition into ano!r4 ,*ildr51 if !y are n ov]aw$ by au?ority1 if !y are enc\rag$ 9 ! habit ( obs]v+ _! own s5sations1 & if !y are taught precision 9 ! use ( ! words by :i* !y describe !m1 w probably reason accurately :]e _! own feel+s are conc]n$4 ,9 appreciat+ ! te/imony ( o!rs1 & 9 judg+ ( *ances & probability1 we mu/ n expect our pupils to proce$ v rapidly4 ,!re is m dang] t !y %\ld ov]rate1 ?an t !y %\ld und]value1 ! evid5ce ( o!rs2 because1 z we =m]ly /at$1 we take x = grant$1 t !y h _h little exp]i5ce ( falsehood4 ,we %\ld1 to pres]ve !m f cr$ulity1 excite !m 9 all cases :]e x c be obta9$1 nev] to re/ satisfi$ )\t ! /ronge/ species ( evid5ce1 t ( _! own s5ses4 ,if a *ild says1 ,i am sure ( su* a ?+1 we %\ld imm$iately exam9e into 8 reasons = believ+ x4 ,mr4 ,a4 or ,mr4 ,b4 told me s1 is n a suffici5t cause ( belief1 unless ! *ild has _h long exp]i5ce ( ,a4 & ,b4's tru? & accuracy2 &1 at all ev5ts1 ! indol5t habit ( rely+ ^u ! ass]tions ( o!rs1 in/ead ( v]ify+ !m1 %\ld n be indulg$4 ,x w\ld be wa/e ( "t to repeat ^? exp]im5ts1 ( ! tru? ( :i* ! uni=m exp]i5ce ( our lives has conv9c$ u3 we run no haz>d1 = in/ance1 9 believ+ any "o :o simply ass]ts1 t !y h se5 an apple fall f a tree2 ?is ass]tion agrees ) ! great natural law ( gravity1 or1 9 o!r words1 ) ! uni=m exp]i5ce ( mank9d3 b if any body told u1 t !y _h se5 an apple hang+ self-pois$ 9 ! air1 we %\ld reasonably suspect ! tru? ( _! obs]vation1 or ( _! evid5ce4 ,?is is ! fir/ rule :i* we c mo/ readily tea* our pupils 9 judg+ ( evid5ce4 ,we are n speak+ ( *ildr5 f f\r to six ye>s old1 = e ?+ is almo/ equally extraord9>y to !m2 b1 :5 *ildr5 are ab\t t5 or elev51 !y h acquir$ a suffici5t v>iety ( facts to =m comp>isons1 & to judge to a c]ta9 degree ( ! probability ( any new fact t is relat$4 ,9 read+ & 9 conv]sation we %\ld n[ ex]cise !m 9 =m+ judgm5ts1 :]e we "k t !y h ! means ( comp>ison4 ,d y believe su* a ?+ to be true8 & :y d y believe x8 ,c y acc\nt = su* a ?+8 are que/ions we %\ld (t5 ask at ?is p]iod ( _! education4 ,on he>+ extraord9>y facts1 "s *ildr5 w n be satisfi$ ) vague ass]tions2 o!rs cont5t !mselves ) say+1 ,x is s1 ,i read x 9 a book4 ,we %\ld h little hopes ( ^? :o swall[ e ?+ !y read 9 a book2 we are always pleas$ to see a *ild hesitate & d\bt1 & require positive pro( be=e he believes4 ,! ta/e = ! m>vell\s1 is /rong 9 ignorant m9ds2 ! wi% to acc\nt = e new appe>ance1 *>act]izes ! cultivat$ pupil4 ,a lady told a boy ( n9e ye>s old 7,s----7 ! foll[+ /ory1 :i* %e _h j met ) 9 ,! ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature4 ,an (fic]1 :o 0 conf9$ 9 ! ,ba/ille1 us$ to amuse himself by play+ on ! flute3 "o day he obs]v$1 t a numb] ( spid]s came d[n f _! webs1 & hung r\nd him z if li/5+ to 8 music2 a numb] ( mice also came f _! holes1 & retir$ z soon z he /opp$4 ,! (fic] _h a great dislike to mice2 he procur$ a cat f ! keep] ( ! prison1 & :5 ! mice 7 entranc$ by 8 music1 he let ! cat out among/ !m4 ,s---- 0 mu* displeas$ by ?is man's trea*]\s conduct t[>ds ! poor mice1 & 8 indignation = "s mom5ts susp5d$ 8 reason+ faculty2 b1 :5 ,s---- _h suffici5tly express$ 8 indignation aga9/ ! (fic] 9 ! affair ( ! mice1 he began to "q ! tru? ( ! /ory2 & he said1 t he did n ?9k x 0 c]ta91 t ! mice & spid]s came to li/5 to ! music4 ,i d n "k ab\t ! mice1 said he1 b ,i ?9k1 p]haps1 :5 ! (fic] play$ ^u ! flute1 he set ! air 9 motion1 & %ook ! cobwebs1 s z to di/urb ! spid]s4 ,we d n1 nor did ! *ild ?9k1 t ?is 0 a satisfactory acc\nt ( ! matt]2 b we m5tion x z an in/ance ( ! love ( inve/igation1 :i* we wi% to enc\rage4 ,! difficulty ( judg+ conc]n+ ! tru? ( evid5ce increases1 :5 we take moral causes into ! acc\nt4 ,if we _h any suspicion1 t a man :o told u t he _h se5 an apple fall f a tree1 _h himself pull$ ! apple d[n & /ol5 x1 we %\ld set ! probability ( 8 tell+ a falsehood1 & 8 motive = do+ s1 aga9/ 8 evid5ce2 & ?\gh accord+ to ! natural physical c\rse ( ?+s1 !re w\ld be no improbability 9 8 /ory1 yet !re might arise improbability f 8 "* = di%one/y2 & ?us we %\ld feel ourselves 9 d\bt conc]n+ ! fact4 ,b if two p agre$ 9 ! same te/imony1 our d\bt w\ld vani%2 ! di%one/ man's d\btful evid5ce w\ld be corroborat$1 & we %\ld believe1 not)/&+ 8 g5]al "*1 9 ! tru? ( 8 ass]tion 9 ?is in/ance4 ,we c\ld make ! matt] inf9itely m complicat$1 b :at has be5 said w be suffici5t to sugge/ to preceptors ! difficulty :i* _! "y & inexp]i5c$ pupils mu/ feel1 9 =m+ judgm5ts ( facts :]e physical & moral probabilities are 9 direct opposition to ea* o!r4 ,we wi% t a writ] equal to su* a task w\ld write trials = *ildr5 z ex]cises = _! judgm5t2 beg9n+ ) ! simple/1 & proce$+ gradually to ! m complicat$ cases 9 :i* moral reason+s c be us$4 ,we d n mean1 t x w\ld be advisable to initiate "y read]s 9 ! te*nical =ms ( law2 b ! g5]al pr9ciples ( ju/ice1 ^u :i* all law is f\nd$1 might1 we ?9k1 be advantage\sly exemplifi$4 ,su* trials w\ld ent]ta9 *ildr5 extremely4 ,!re is a slight attempt at ?is k9d ( composition1 we mean 9 a little trial 9 ,ev5+s at ,home2 & we h se5 *ildr5 read x ) great avidity4 ,cyrus's judgm5t ab\t ! two coats1 & ! +5i\s /ory ( ! olive m]*ant's cause1 rejudg$ by ! s5sible *ild 9 ! ,arabian ,tales1 h be5 f\nd highly int]e/+ to a "y audi5ce4 ,we %\ld pref] tru? to fiction3 if we c\ld select any in/ances f real life1 any trials suit$ to ! capacity ( "y p1 !y w\ld be pref]able to any :i* ! mo/ +5i\s writ] c\ld inv5t = our purpose4 ,a g5tleman :o has tak5 8 two sons1 "o ( !m t51 & ! o!r fifte5 ye>s old1 to he> trials at 8 c\nty assizes1 f\nd by ! acc\nt :i* ! boys gave ( :at !y _h he>d1 t !y _h be5 int]e/$1 & t !y 7 capable ( und]/&+ ! bus9ess4 ,all[ance mu/ be made at fir/ = ! bu/le & noise ( a public place1 & = ! v>iety ( objects :i* di/ract ! att5tion4 ,mu* ( ! read9ess ( =m+ judgm5ts dep5ds ^u ! p[] ( disc>d+ & oblit]at+ f our m9d all ! sup]flu\s circum/ances2 x may be useful to ex]cise our pupils1 by tell+ !m n[ & !n /ories 9 ! confus$ mann] 9 :i* !y are sometimes relat$ by puzzl$ witnesses2 let !m r$uce ! het]og5e\s circum/ances to ord]1 make a cle> /atem5t ( ! case = !mselves1 & try if !y c po9t out ! facts on :i* ! decision pr9cipally re/s4 ,?is is n m]ely education = a lawy]2 ! p[]s ( reason+ & judgm5t1 :5 we h be5 ex]cis$ 9 ?is mann]1 may be turn$ to any art or pr(ession4 ,we %\ld1 if we 7 to try ! judgm5t ( *ildr51 obs]ve1 :e!r 9 unusual circum/ances !y c apply _! =m] pr9ciples1 & comp>e ! new objects t are plac$ be=e !m )\t p]plexity4 ,we h sometimes f\nd1 t on subjects entirely new to !m1 *ildr51 :o h be5 us$ to reason1 c lay aside ! circum/ances t are n ess5tial1 & =m a di/9ct judgm5t = !mselves1 indep5d5tly ( ! op9ion ( o!rs4 ,la/ w9t] ! ent]ta9+ life ( ! celebrat$ mis] ,mr4 ,elwes 0 read al\d 9 a family1 9 :i* !re 7 a numb] ( *ildr54 ,mr4 ,elwes1 once1 z he 0 walk+ home on a d>k night1 9 ,london1 ran aga9/ a *air pole & bruis$ bo? 8 %9s4 ,8 fri5ds s5t = a surgeon4 ,elwes 0 al>m$ at ! idea ( exp5se1 & he laid ! surgeon ! am\nt ( 8 bill1 t ! leg :i* he took "u 8 own protection w\ld get well soon] ?an t :i* 0 put "u ! surgeon's c>e2 at ! same "t ,mr4 ,elwes promis$ to put no?+ to ! leg ( :i* he took *>ge4 ,mr4 ,elwes fav\rite leg got well soon] ?an t :i* ! surgeon _h und]tak5 to cure1 & ,mr4 ,elwes won 8 wag]4 ,9 a note ^u ?is transaction 8 biograph] says1 ,?is wag] w\ld h be5 a bubble bet if x _h be5 br\ght be=e ! ,jockey-club1 because ,mr4 ,elwes1 ?\gh he promis$ to put no?+ to ! leg "u 8 own protection1 took ,velnos' vegetable sirup dur+ ! "t ( its cure4 ,c---- 7a girl ( twelve ye>s old7 obs]v$ :5 ?is anecdote 0 read1 t /ill ! wag] 0 a fair wag]1 because ! m$ic9e :i* ,mr4 ,elwes took1 if x 0 ( any use1 mu/ h be5 ( use to bo? legs2 !re=e ! surgeon & ,mr4 ,elwes _h equal advantage f x4 ,c---- _h nev] he>d ( ! ,jockey-club1 or ( bubble bets be=e1 & %e us$ ! ^w m$ic9e1 because %e =got ! "n ( ,velnos' vegetable sirup4 ,we h obs]v$1#ib t works ( criticism are unfit = *ildr51 & tea* !m r to rememb] :at o!rs say ( au?ors1 ?an to judge ( ! books !mselves imp>tially3 b1 :5 we object to works ( criticism1 we d n mean to object to criticism2 we ?9k x an excell5t ex]cise = ! judgm5t1 & we h ourselves be5 s well correct$1 & s k9dly assi/$ by ! obs]vations ( "y critics1 t we _c d\bt _! capacity4 ,?is book has be5 read to a jury ( "y critics1 :o gave _! utmo/ att5tion to x = ab\t half an h\r at a sitt+1 & _m am5dm5ts h be5 made f _! sugge/ions4 ,9 ! *apt] on ob/9acy1 = in/ance1 :5 we 7 ass]t+1 t *ildr5 sometimes =get _! old bad habits1 & d n consid] ^! z a "p ( !mselves1 !re 0 ?is allusion4 ,z ! snake1 :5 he ca/s 8 sk91 leaves ! sl\gh beh9d him1 & w9ds on 8 way 9 new & beautiful col\rs4 ,! mom5t ?is s5t5ce 0 read1 x 0 object$ to by ! audi5ce4 ,mr4 ---- object$ to ! ^w sl\gh1 z an ill s\nd+1 disagreeable ^w1 & :i* convey$ at fir/ to ! eye ! idea ( a wet boggy place2 su* z ! sl\gh ( ,despond4 ,at la/ ,s----1 :o _h be5 pond]+ ov] ! affair 9 sil5ce1 exclaim$1 ,b ,i ?9k !re's ano!r fault 9 ! allusion2 d n snakes ca/ _! sk9s e ye>8 ,!n ^! new & beautiful col\rs1 :i* are ! good habits1 mu/ be ?r[n aside & =gott5 ! next "t2 b t %\ld n be4 ,?is criticism appe>$ conclusive ev5 to ! au?or1 & ! s5t5ce 0 imm$iately expung$4 ,:5 "y p h acquir$ a comm& ( language1 we mu/ be c>eful le/ _! flu5cy & _! ready use ( synonym\s expressions %\ld less5 ! accuracy ( _! reason+1 ,mr4 ,horne ,tooke has ably %[n ! connection betwe5 ! /udy ( language & ! art ( reason+4 ,x is n necess>y to make our pupils pr(\nd gramm>ians1 or etymologi/s1 b att5tion to ! orig91 abbreviations1 & v>i\s mean+s ( words1 w assi/ !m n only to speak1 b to ?9k & argue ) precision4 ,?is is n a /udy ( ab/ract speculation1 b ( practical1 daily utility2 half ! disputes1 & mu* ( ! mis]y ( ! _w1 orig9ate & p]petuate !mselves by ! inaccurate use ( words4 ,"o p>ty uses a ^w 9 ?is s5se1 ! opposite p>ty uses ! same ^w 9 ano!r s5se2 all _! reason+s appe> absurd to ea* o!r2 &1 in/ead ( expla9+ !m1 !y qu>rel4 ,?is is n ! case m]ely 9 philosophical disputes betwe5 au?ors1 b x happ5s cont9ually 9 ! busy1 active sc5es ( life4 ,ev5 :il/ we 7 writ+ ?is passage1 9 ! newspap] ( to-day1 we met ) an in/ance t is suffici5tly /rik+4 ,! accusation aga9/ me1 says ,sir ,sidney ,smi?1 9 8 excell5t lett] to ,pi*egru1 expo/ulat+ ^u 8 unm]it$ conf9em5t1 br\ght =w>d by y\r ju/ice ( ! peace1 01 t ,i 0 ! enemy ( ! republic4 ,y "k1 g5]al1 t ) milit>y m51 ! ^w enemy has m]ely a te*nical signification1 )\t express+ ! lea/ "* ( hatr$4 ,y w readily admit ?is pr9ciple1 ! result ( :i* is1 t ,i ought n to be p]secut$ = ! injury ,i h be5 enabl$ to d :il/ ,i c>ri$ arms aga9/ y4 ,"h ! argum5t betwe5 two g5]als1 "o ( :om is plead+ = 8 lib]ty1 if n = 8 life1 turns ^u ! mean+ & con/ruction ( a s+le ^w4 ,accuracy ( reason+1 & "s k ( language1 may1 x appe>s1 be ( ess5tial s]vice 9 all pr(essions4 ,x is n only necess>y to att5d to ! exact mean+ :i* is av[$ly affix$ to any t]ms us$ 9 argum5t1 b is also useful to att5d to ! ?\ghts :i* are (t5 sugge/$ to ! disputants by c]ta9 words4 ,?us1 ! words happ9ess & beauty1 sugge/1 9 conv]sation1 v diff]5t ideas to diff]5t m52 & 9 argu+1 conc]n+ ^!1 !y c\ld nev] come to a conclusion4 ,ev5 p]sons :o agree 9 ! same def9ition ( a ^w1 frequ5tly d n suffici5tly att5d to ! ideas :i* ! ^w sugge/s2 to ! association ( ?\ghts & emotions :i* x excites2 &1 consequ5tly1 !y _c /rictly abide by _! own def9ition1 nor c !y discov] :]e ! err\r lies4 ,we h obs]v$1#ic t ! imag9ation is p[]fully affect$ by words t sugge/ long tra9s ( ideas2 our reason+s are influ5c$ 9 ! same mann]1 & ! elliptical figures ( spee* are us$ 9 reason+ z well z 9 poetry4 ,i w\ld d s & s1 if ,i 7 ,alex&]4 ,& s w\ld ,i1 if ,i 7 ,p>m5io2 is a %ort reply1 :i* sugge/s a numb] ( ideas1 & a tra9 ( reason+4 ,to ^? :o _c supply ! int]m$iate ideas1 ! answ] w\ld n appe> ei!r sublime or rational4 ,"y p1 :5 !y appe> to admire any compress$ reason+1 %\ld be enc\rag$ to %[ t !y c supply ! ?\ghts & reasons t are n express$4 ,vivaci\s *ildr51 w be disgu/$1 h[ev]1 if !y are requir$ to detail ^u ! subject2#id all t is necess>y1 is to be sure t !y actually compreh5d :at !y admire4 ,sometimes a "q t appe>s simple1 involves ! consid]ation ( o!rs :i* are difficult4 ,:5ev] a preceptor _c g to ! bottom ( ! bus9ess1 he w d wisely to say s at once to 8 pupil1 in/ead ( attempt+ a sup]ficial or evasive reply4 ,= in/ance1 if a *ild 0 to he> t ! ,dut* burn & de/roy quantities ( spice1 ! produce ( _! ,india isl&s1 he w\ld probably express "s surprise1 & p]haps "s indignation4 ,if a preceptor 7 to say1 ,! ,dut* h a "r to d :at !y please ) :at is _! own1 & ! spice is _! own1 8 pupil w\ld n yet be satisfi$2 he w\ld probably say1 ,yes1 !y h a "r to d :at !y please ) :at is _! own2 b :y %\ld !y de/roy :at is useful8 ,! preceptor might answ]1 if he *ose to make a fooli% answ]1 ,! ,dut* foll[ _! own int]e/ 9 burn+ ! spice2 !y sell :at rema9s at a high] price2 ! m>ket w\ld be ov]/ock$ if !y did n burn "s ( _! spice4 ,ev5 suppos+ ! *ild to und]/& ! t]ms1 ?is w\ld n be a satisfactory answ]2 nor c\ld a satisfactory answ] be giv51 )\t discuss+ ! nature ( comm]ce1 & ! ju/ice ( monopolies4 ,:]e "o "q 9 ?is mann] involves ano!r1 we %\ld po/pone ! discussion1 if x _c be completely made2 ! road may be j po9t$ out1 & ! pupil's curiosity may be excit$ to future inquiry4 ,x is ev5 bett] to be ignorant1 ?an to h sup]ficial k4 ,a philosoph]1 :o himself excell$ 9 accuracy ( reason+1 recomm5ds ! /udy ( ma!matics1 to improve ! acut5ess & precision ( ! reason+ faculty4#ie ,to /udy any ?+ accurately1 w h an excell5t effect ^u ! m9d2 & we may aft]w>ds direct ! judgm5t to :atev] purposes we please4 ,x has (t5 be5 rem>k$1 z a reproa* ^u m5 ( sci5ce & lit]ature1 t ^? :o judge extremely well ( books1 & ( ab/ract philosophical que/ions1 d n %[ ! same judgm5t 9 ! active bus9ess ( life3 a man1 und\bt$ly1 may be a good ma!matician1 a good critic1 an excell5t writ]1 & may yet n %[1 or r n employ1 mu* judgm5t 9 8 conduct3 8 p[]s ( reason+ _c be defici5t2 ! habit ( employ+ ^? p[]s 9 conduct+ himself1 he %\ld h be5 taught by e>ly education4 ,moral reason+1 & ! habit ( act+ 9 consequ5ce ( ! conviction ( ! judgm5t1 we call prud5ce2 a virtue ( s mu* consequ5ce to all ! o!r virtues2 a virtue ( s mu* consequ5ce to ourselves & to our fri5ds1 t x surely m]its a :ole *apt] to itself 9 ,practical ,education4 ,,footnotes3 #he ,v4 ,*apt] on ,att5tion4 #hf ,v4 ,tasks4 #hg ,*apt] on ,acqua9tance4 #hh ,v4 ,/ew>t4 #hi ,a ,naturali/'s ,cal5d>1 by ! late ,rev4 ,gilb]t ,:ite1 ,m4 ,a4 publi%$ by ,dr4 ,aik91 pr9t$ = ,b4 & ,j4 ,:ite1 ,fleet ,/reet4 #ij ,v4 ,de9ology2 :]e !re are _m ent]ta9+ examples ( ! figures ( rhetoric4 #ia ,une dmon/ration e/ donc une suite de propositions1 ou les mmes ides passant de l'une l'autre1 ne diffr5t que p>ce qu'elles sont nonces diffrem5t2 et l'vid5ce d'un raisonnem5t consi/e uniquem5t dans l'id5tit4 ,v4 ,art de ,raisonn]1 p4 #b4 #ib ,v4 ,*apt] on ,books4 #ic ,v4 ,*apt] on ,imag9ation4 #id ,v4 ,att5tion4 #ie ,locke4 ,essay on ! ,conduct ( ! ,human ,und]/&+4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,on ,,prud5ce ,,& ,,economy4 ,voltaire says1 t ! k+ ( ,prussia always wrote ) "o k9d ( en?usiasm1 & act$ ) ano!r4 ,x (t5 happ5s1 t m5 judge ) "o degree ( und]/&+1 & conduct !mselves ) ano!r2#if h5ce ! common-place rem>ks on ! diff]5ce betwe5 !ory & practice2 h5ce ! obs]vation1 t x is easy to be prud5t = o!r p1 b extremely difficult to be prud5t = ourselves4 ,prud5ce is a virtue comp\nd$ ( judgm5t & resolution3 we d n "h speak ( t n>r[ species ( prud5ce1 :i* is m prop]ly call$ worldly wisdom2 b we mean t enl>g$1 compreh5sive wisdom1 :i*1 aft] tak+ a calm view ( ! objects ( happ9ess1 /eadily pref]s ! greate/ portion ( felicity4 ,?is is n a selfi% virtue2 =1 accord+ to our def9ition1 b5evol5ce1 z "o ( ! greate/ s\rces ( our pleasures1 mu/ be includ$ 9 ! truly prud5t man's e/imate4 ,two ?+s are necess>y to make any p]son prud5t1 ! p[] to judge1 & ! habit ( act+ 9 consequ5ce ( 8 conviction4 ,we h1 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 z f> z we 7 able1 sugge/$ ! be/ me?ods ( cultivat+ ! p[]s ( reason+ 9 our pupils2 we mu/ consid] n[ h[ ^! c be appli$ imm$iately to _! conduct1 & associat$ ) habits ( action4 ,in/ead ( decid+ always = our "y pupils1 we %\ld e>ly accu/om !m to *oose = !mselves ab\t e trifle :i* is int]e/+ to *ildhood3 if !y *oose wisely1 !y %\ld enjoy ! natural rew>d ( _! prud5ce2 & if !y decide ra%ly1 !y %\ld be suff]$ to feel ! consequ5ce ( _! own err\r4 ,exp]i5ce1 x is said1 makes ev5 fools wise2 & ! soon] we c give exp]i5ce1 ! soon] we %all tea* wisdom4 ,b we mu/ n sub/itute belief ^u tru/ = belief ^u conviction4 ,:5 a little boy says1 ,i did n eat any m cu/>d1 because mamma told me t ! cu/>d w\ld make me sick1 he is only ob$i5t1 he is n prud5t2 he submits to 8 "m's judgm5t1 he does n use 8 own4 ,:5 ob$i5ce is out ( ! "q1 *ildr5 sometimes foll[ ! op9ions ( o!rs2 ( ?is we =m]ly gave an in/ance 7v4 ,toys7 9 ! poor boy1 :o *ose a gilt coa*1 because 8 mamma & e body said x 0 ! prettie/1 :il/ he really pref]r$ ! useful c>t3 we %\ld nev] prejudice !m ei!r by our wisdom or our folly4 ,a s5sible little boy ( f\r ye>s old _h se5 somebody tell+ =tunes 9 ! gr\nds ( c(fee2 b :5 he _h a cup ( c(fee giv5 to him1 he drank x all1 say+1 ,c(fee is bett] ?an =tune6 ,:5 _! att5tion is n turn$ to div9e :at ! spectators ?9k & feel1 *ildr5 w h leisure to consult _! own m9ds1 & to comp>e _! own feel+s4 ,z ?is has be5 already spok5 (1#ig we %all n dwell ^u x2 we only m5tion x z a necess>y precaution 9 tea*+ prud5ce4 ,"s p>5ts may p]haps fe>1 t1 if !y 7 to all[ *ildr5 to *oose ^u e trifl+ occasion = !mselves1 !y w\ld become wilful & tr\blesome3 ?is c]ta9ly w be ! effect1 if we make !m ?9k t !re is a pleasure 9 ! ex]cise ( free-w1 indep5d5tly ( any good t may be obta9$ by judici\s *oice4 ,n[1 my de>1 y %all h y\r *oice6 ,y %all *oose = y\rself6 ,y %all h y\r free *oice6 are expressions t may be pron\nc$ 9 su* a tone1 & ) su* an emphasis to a *ild1 z imm$iately to excite a species ( triumphant ec/asy f ! m]e idea ( hav+ 8 own free *oice4 ,by a diff]5t acc5t & emphasis we may repress ! ideas ( triumph1 &1 )\t intimidat+ ! pupil1 we may turn 8 m9d to ! difficulties1 r ?an ! glory ( be+ 9 a situation to decide = himself4 ,we mu/ n be surpris$ at ! e>ly imprud5ce ( *ildr52 _! mi/akes1 :5 !y fir/ are all[$ to make a *oice1 are inevitable2 all _! s5sations are new to !m1 consequ5tly !y _c judge ( :at !y %all l or dislike4 ,if "s ( ,"l ,mac>tney's suite _h1 on 8 return f ! late embassy to ,*9a1 br\ght home "s plant ^: smell 0 p]fectly unkn[n to ,europeans1 w\ld x h be5 possible = ! greate/ philosoph] 9 ,engl& to h decid$1 if he _h be5 ask$1 :e!r he %\ld l ! unkn[n p]fume8 ,*ildr51 = ! fir/ five or six ye>s ( _! lives1 are 9 ! situation ( ?is philosoph]1 relatively to ext]nal objects4 ,we %\ld nev] reproa*fully say to a *ild1 ,y ask$ to smell su* a ?+2 y ask$ to see su* a ?+2 & n[ y h _h y\r wi%1 y don't l !m6 ,h[ c ! *ild possibly judge ( :at he %all l or dislike1 be=e he has tri$8 ,let him try exp]im5ts ^u 8 own feel+s2 ! m accurate k he acquires1 ! soon] he w be enabl$ to *oose prud5tly4 ,y may exp$ite 8 progress by excit+ him to comp>e ea* new s5sation ) ^? to :i* he is already famili>iz$2 ?is w c\nt]act t love ( novelty :i* is (t5 f\nd dang]\s to prud5ce2 if ! m9d is employ$ 9 comp>+1 x _c be dazzl$ by new objects4 ,*ildr5 (t5 imag9e1 t :at !y l = ! pres5t m9ute1 !y %all cont9ue to l = ev]2 !y h n le>nt f exp]im5t1 t ! mo/ agreeable s5sations fatigue1 if !y are prolong$ or frequ5tly repeat$2 !y h n le>nt1 t all viol5t /imuli are foll[$ by we>9ess or ennui4 ,! s5sible preceptor w n insi/ ^u 8 pupil's kn[+ ^! ?+s by inspiration1 nor w he expect t 8 ass]tions or prophecies %\ld be implicitly believ$2 he w wait till ! *ild feels1 & at t mom5t he w excite 8 pupil to obs]ve 8 own feel+s4 ,y ?\ght t y %\ld nev] be tir$ ( smell+ t rose1 or ( look+ at t picture2 n[ y p]ceive t y are tir$3 rememb] ?is2 x may be ( use to y ano!r "t4 ,if ?is be said 9 a fri5dly mann]1 x w n pique ! *ild to def5d 8 pa/ *oice1 b x w direct 8 future judgm5t4 ,"y p are (t5 reproa*$ = _! imprud5ce 9 pref]r+ a small pres5t pleasure to a l>ge di/ant advantage3 ?is err\r also arises f inexp]i5ce1 n f want ( judgm5t1 or defici5cy 9 /r5g? ( m9d4 ,:5 t :i* has be5 ! future1 has 9 its turn become pres5t1 *ildr5 beg9 to h "s idea ( ! nature ( "t1 & !y c !n =m "s comp>isons betwe5 ! value ( pres5t & future pleasures4 ,?is is a v sl[ process2 old p calculate & dep5d ^u ! di/ant future m ?an ! "y1 n always f _! increas$ wisdom or prud5ce1 b m]ely f _! increas$ exp]i5ce1 & consequ5t belief t ! future w 9 "t arrive4 ,x is imprud5t 9 old p to dep5d ^u ! future2 if !y 7 to reason ^u ! *ance ( _! lives1 !y ought n to be secure ( its arrival2 yet habit 9 ?is in/ance1 z 9 _m o!rs1 is m p[]ful ?an reason3 9 all ! plans ( eld]ly p1 !re is seldom any err\r f impati5ce z to ! future2 !re (t5 appe> gross err\rs 9 _! security z to its arrival4 ,if ^! opposite habits c\ld be mix$ 9 ! m9ds ( ! old & ( ! "y1 x w\ld be = _! mutual advantage4 ,x is n possible to infuse exp]i5ce into ! m9d2 our pupils mu/ feel = !mselves3 b1 by tea*+ !m to obs]ve _! own feel+s1 we may abridge _! lab\r2 a few lessons w tea* a great deal :5 !y are prop]ly appli$4 ,to tea* *ildr5 to calculate & comp>e _! pres5t & future pleasures1 we may beg9 by fix+ %ort int]vals ( "t = our exp]im5ts2 an h\r1 a day1 a week1 p]haps1 are p]iods ( "t to :i* _! imag9ation w easily ext5d2 !y c measure & comp>e _! feel+s )9 ^! spaces ( "t1 & we may lead !m to obs]ve _! own err\rs 9 n provid+ = ! future4 ,n[ ,friday is come2 la/ ,monday y ?\ght ,friday w\ld nev] come4 ,if y _h n cut away all y\r p5cil la/ week1 y w\ld h _h "s left to draw ) to-day4 ,ano!r "t y w manage bett]4 ,we %\ld also lead !m to comp>e _! ideas ( any giv5 pleasure1 be=e & aft] ! p]iod ( its arrival4 ,y ?\ght la/ summ] t y %\ld l mak+ sn[ balls 9 w9t]1 bett] ?an mak+ hay 9 summ]4 ,n[ y h made sn[-balls to-day2 & y rememb] :at y felt :5 y 7 mak+ hay la/ summ]2 d y l ! sn[-ball pleasure1 or ! hay-mak+ pleasure ! be/8 ,v4 ,b]qu9's ,quatre saisons4 ,if our pupils1 :5 !y h any *oice to make1 pref] a small pres5t gratification to a great future pleasure1 we %\ld n1 at ! mom5t ( _! decision1 reproa* _! imprud5ce1 b we %\ld /eadily make !m abide by _! *oice2 & :5 ! "t arrives at :i* ! great] pleasure might h be5 enjoy$1 we %\ld rem>k ! circum/ance1 b n ) a tone ( reproa*1 = x is _! affair1 n ours4 ,y pref]r$ hav+ a %eet ( pap] ! mom5t y want$ x la/ week1 to ! hav+ a quire ( pap] ?is week4 ,oh1 b1 says ! *ild1 ,i want$ a %eet ( pap] v mu* !n1 b ,i did n consid] h[ soon ?is week w\ld come--,i wi% ,i _h *os5 ! quire4 ,!n rememb] :at y feel n[1 & y w be able to *oose bett] ^u ano!r occasion4 ,we %\ld always ref] to ! pupils' own feel+s1 & look =w>d to _! future advantage4 ,! reason :y s few "y p att5d to advice1 is1 t _! preceptors d n br+ x actually home to _! feel+s3 x is useless to reproa* = pa/ imprud5ce2 ! *ild sees ! err\r z pla9ly z we d2 all t c be done1 is to make x a lesson = ! future4 ,to a geometrician1 ! words by proposition #a/4 /& = a :ole demon/ration3 if he recollects t he has once gone ov] ! demon/ration1 he is satisfi$ ( its tru?2 &1 )\t v]ify+ x aga91 he makes use ( x 9 mak+ out ! demon/ration ( a new proposition4 ,9 moral reason+1 we proce$ 9 ! same mann]2 we recollect ! result ( our pa/ exp]im5ts1 & we ref] to ?is moral demon/ration 9 solv+ a new problem4 ,9 "t1 by frequ5t practice1 ?is op]ation is p]=m$ s rapidly by ! m9d1 t we sc>cely p]ceive x1 & yet x guides our actions4 ,a man1 9 walk+ across ! room1 keeps out ( ! way ( ! tables & *airs1 )\t p]ceiv+ t he reasons ab\t ! matt]2 a sob] man avoids h>d dr9k+1 because he kn[s x to be hurtful to 8 heal?2 b he does n1 e "t he refuses to dr9k1 g ov] ! :ole tra9 ( reason+ :i* fir/ decid$ 8 det]m9ation4 ,a mod]n philosoph]1#ih calls ?is rapid species ( reason+ intuitive analogy2 appli$ to ! bus9ess ( life1 ! ,fr5* call x tact4 ,s5sible p h ?is tact 9 high] p]fection ?an o!rs2 & prud5t p gov]n !mselves by x m regul>ly ?an o!rs4 ,by ! me?ods :i* we h recomm5d$1 we hope x may be successfully cultivat$ 9 e>ly education4 ,r\sseau1 9 express+ 8 contempt = ^? :o make habit _! only guide ( action1 goes1 z he is apt to d 9 ! heat ( declamation1 into ! err\r opposite to t :i* he ridicules4 ,! only habit1 cries he1 t ,i wi% my ,emilius to h1 is ! habit ( hav+ no habits4 ,emilius w\ld h be5 a /range be+1 _h he lit]ally accompli%$ 8 preceptor's wi%4 ,to g up /airs1 w\ld h be5 a mo/ op]ose1 & to g d[n /airs1 a mo/ trem5d\s1 affair to ,emilius1 = he 0 to h no habits3 betwe5 e /ep ( ! /airs1 new delib]ations mu/ take place1 & fre% decisions ( ! judgm5t & w ensue4 ,9 8 moral judgm5ts1 ,emilius w\ld h _h z mu* useless lab\r4 ,habit surely is necess>y1 ev5 to ^? :o make reason ! ultimate judge ( _! affairs4 ,reason is n to be appeal$ to ^u e trivial occasion1 to rejudge ! same cause a million ( times4 ,mu/ a man1 e "t he draws a /raight l9e1 repeat to himself1 a "r l9e is t :i* lie? ev5ly betwe5 its po9ts8 ,mu/ he rehe>se ! propositions ( ,euclid1 in/ead ( avail+ himself ( _! practical use8 ,*ri/ian1 c'/ ?\ raise a p]p5dicul> ^u a /raight l9e8 is ! apo/rophe ) :i* ! cross-legg$ emp]or ( ,b>b>y1 seat$ on 8 ?rone ( r\gh deal bo>ds1 acco/s e le>n$ /rang] :o frequ5ts 8 c\rt4 ,9 ! c\rse ( 8 reign1 probably1 8 ,b>b>ic maje/y may h reit]at$ ! demon/ration ( ?is fav\rite proposition1 :i* he le>n$ f a ,fr5* surgeon ab\t five hundr$ times2 b 8 maje/y's und]/&+ is n mat]ially improv$ by ^! recitals2 8 geometrical le>n+ is conf9$1 we are told1 to ?is s+le proposition4 ,x w\ld h be5 sc>cely wor? :ile to h s+l$ out = combat ?is p>adox ( ,r\sseau's1 conc]n+ habit1 if x _h n pres5t$ itself 9 ! =midable =m ( an anti!sis4 ,a false maxim1 convey$ 9 an anti!sis1 is dang]\s1 because x is easily rememb]$ & repeat$1 & x quickly passes curr5t 9 conv]sation4 ,b to return to our subject1 ( :i* we h imprud5tly lo/ sight4 ,imprud5ce does n always arise f our neglect ( our pa/ exp]i5ce1 or f our =gett+ to take ! future into our calculations1 b f false associations1 or f passion4 ,objects (t5 appe> diff]5t to "o man1 f :at !y d to ! re/ ( ! _w3 ?is man may reason well ^u :at ! majority ( reasonable p agree to call false appe>ances2 he may foll[ /rictly ! conviction ( 8 own und]/&+1 & yet ! _w w say t he acts v imprud5tly4 ,to ! ta/e or smell ( ^? :o are 9 a fev]1 objects n only appe>1 b really are1 to ! pati5ts diff]5t f :at !y appe> to p]sons 9 s\nd heal?3 9 ! same mann] to ! imag9ation1 objects h really a diff]5t value 9 mom5ts ( en?usiasm1 f :at !y h 9 our cool] h\rs1 & we sc>cely c believe t our view ( objects w ev] v>y4 ,x is 9 va9 to oppose reason to false associations2 we mu/ endeav\r to combat "o set ( associations by ano!r1 & to alt] ! situation1 & consequ5tly1 ! views1#ii ( ! mi/ak5 p]son4 ,suppose1 = in/ance1 t a *ild _h be5 9 a coa* & six ^u "s pleasant excursion 7x is an improbable ?+1 b we may suppose any ?+37 suppose a *ild _h enjoy$1 f "s accid5tal circum/ances1 an extraord9>y degree ( pleasure 9 a coa* & six1 he might aft]w>ds long to be 9 a simil> vehicle1 f a mi/ak5 notion1 t x c\ld conf] happ9ess4 ,"h we %\ld n oppose ! =ce ( reason+ to a false association1 b we %\ld c\nt]act ! =m] association4 ,give ! *ild an equal quantity ( amusem5t :5 he is n 9 a coa* & six1 & !n he w =m fre% pleasurable associations ) o!r objects :i* may balance 8 fir/ prepossession4 ,if y oppose reason ineffectually to passion or ta/e1 y br+ ! voice & p[] ( reason into discr$it ) y\r pupil4 ,:5 y h *ang$ 8 view ( ?+s1 y may !n reason ) him1 & %[ him ! cause ( 8 =m] mi/ake4 ,9 ! excell5t fable ( ! %ield t 0 gold on "o side & silv] on ! o!r1 ! two disputants nev] c\ld h agre$ until !y *ang$ places4--,:5 y h1 9 sev]al in/ances1 prov$ by exp]im5t1 t y judge m prud5tly ?an y\r pupil1 he w be /rongly incl9$ to li/5 to y\r c\nsels1 & !n y\r exp]i5ce w be ( real use to him2 he w argue f x ) safety & satisfaction4 ,:51 aft] recov]+ f fits ( passion or en?usiasm1 y h1 ^u sev]al occasions1 conv9c$ him t y\r admonitions w\ld h prev5t$ him f ! pa9 ( rep5tance1 he w recollect ?is :5 he aga9 feels ! fir/ rise ( passion 9 8 m9d2 & he may1 9 t lucid mom5t1 avail himself ( y\r calm reason1 & ?us avoid ! excesses ( extravagant passions4 ,t un=tunate ,fr5* mon>*1#ajj :o 0 liable to tempor>y fits ( fr5zy1 le>n$ to =esee 8 approa*+ malady1 & (t5 reque/$ 8 fri5ds to dis>m him1 le/ he %\ld injure any ( 8 att5dants4 ,9 a malady :i* precludes ! use ( reason1 x 0 possible = ?is humane pati5t to =esee ! probable mis*ief he might d to 8 fell[-creatures1 & to take prud5t measures aga9/ 8 own viol5ce2 & may n we expect1 t ^? :o are e>ly accu/om$ to att5d to _! own feel+s1 may prep>e aga9/ ! extravagance ( _! own passions1 & avail !mselves ( ! regulat+ advice ( _! temp]ate fri5ds8 ,9 ! education ( girls1 we mu/ tea* !m mu* m caution ?an is necess>y to boys3 _! prud5ce mu/ be m ! result ( reason+ ?an ( exp]im5t2 !y mu/ tru/ to ! exp]i5ce ( o!rs2 !y _c always h rec\rse to :at ought to be2 !y mu/ adapt !mselves to :at is4 ,!y _c rectify ! mat]ial mi/akes 9 _! conduct1#aja ,timidity1 a c]ta9 t>d9ess ( decision1 & reluctance to act 9 public situations1 are n consid]$ z defects 9 a woman's "*3 h] paus+ prud5ce does n1 to a man ( disc]nm5t1 d5ote imbecility2 b appe>s to him ! graceful1 auspici\s *>act]i/ic ( female virtue4 ,!re is always m probability t wom5 %\ld endang] _! own happ9ess by precipitation1 ?an by =be>ance4--,promptitude ( *oice1 is seldom expect$ f ! female sex2 !y %\ld avail !mselves ( ! leisure t is p]mitt$ to !m = reflection4 ,beg9 no?+ ( :i* y h n well consid]$ ! end1 0 ! piece ( advice = :i* ! ,ea/]n ,sultan#ajb paid a purse ( gold1 ! price set ^u x by a sage4 ,! mon>* did n rep5t ( 8 pur*ase4 ,?is maxim %\ld be engrav$ ^u ! memory ( our female pupils1 by ! repeat$ lessons ( education4 ,we %\ld1 ev5 9 trifles1 avoid e circum/ance :i* c t5d to make girls v5turesome2 :i* c enc\rage !m to tru/ _! good =tune1 in/ead ( rely+ on _! own prud5ce4 ,m>montel's tale1 entitl$ ,heureusem5t1 is a witty1 b surely n a moral1 tale4 ,girls %\ld be disc\rag$ f haz>d+ op9ions 9 g5]al conv]sation2 b among/ _! fri5ds1 !y %\ld be excit$ to reason ) accuracy & ) temp]4#ajc ,x is really a "p ( a woman's prud5ce to h comm& ( temp]2 if %e has x n1 h] wit & s5se w n h _! j value 9 dome/ic life4 ,calphurnia1 a ,roman lady1 us$ to plead h] own causes be=e ! s5ate1 & we are in=m$1 t %e became s tr\blesome & confid5t1 t ! judges decre$ t !nce=w>d no woman %\ld be suff]$ to plead4 ,did n ?is lady make an imprud5t use ( h] tal5ts8 ,9 ! *oice ( fri5ds1 & on all matt]s ( ta/e1 "y wom5 %\ld be excit$ to reason ab\t _! own feel+s4 ,!re is no reason+ ab\t ta/e1 is a p]nici\s maxim3 if !re 7 m reason+1 !re w\ld be less disputation ^u ?is subject4 ,if wom5 que/ion$ _! own m9ds1 or all[$ _! fri5ds to "q !m1 conc]n+ ! reasons ( _! pref]5ces & av]sions1 !re w\ld n1 probably1 be s _m love mat*es1 & s few love m>riages4 ,x is 9 va9 to expect1 t "y wom5 %\ld beg9 to reason miracul\sly at ! v mom5t t reason is want$ 9 ! guidance ( _! conduct4 ,we %\ld also obs]ve1 t wom5 are call$ ^u = ! ex]tion ( _! prud5ce at an age :5 "y m5 are sc>cely suppos$ to possess t virtue2 !re=e1 wom5 %\ld be m e>ly1 & m c>efully1 educat$ = ! purpose4 ,! important decisions ( woman's life1 are (t5 made be=e %e is tw5ty3 a man does n come ^u ! !atre ( public life1 :]e mo/ ( 8 prud5ce is %[n1 till he is mu* old]4 ,economy is1 9 wom51 an ess5tial dome/ic virtue4 ,"s wom5 h a fooli% love ( exp5sive baubles2 a ta/e :i* a v little c>e1 probably1 9 _! e>ly education1 might h prev5t$4 ,we are told1 t :5 a collection ( ?ree hundr$ & fifty p\nds 0 made = ! celebrat$ ,cuzzona1 to save h] f absolute want1 %e imm$iately laid out two hundr$ p\nds ( ! money 9 ! pur*ase ( a %ell cap1 :i* 0 !n 9 fa%ion4#ajd ,prud5t mo!rs1 w avoid %[+ any admiration ( pretty tr9kets be=e _! "y daught]s2 & !y w oppose ! ideas ( utility & durability to ! m]e caprice ( fa%ion1 :i* creates a ta/e = beauty1 z x 71 by proclamation4 ,su* a ?+ is pretty1 b x is ( no use4 ,su* a ?+ is pretty1 b x w soon we> out--a "m may say2 & %e %\ld prove ! tru? ( h] ass]tions to h] pupils4 ,economy is usually conf9$ to ! managem5t ( money1 b x may be %[n on _m o!r occasions3 economy may be ex]cis$ 9 tak+ c>e ( :atev] belongs to u2 *ildr5 %\ld h ! c>e ( _! own clo!s1 & if !y are neglig5t ( :at is 9 _! *>ge1 ?is neglig5ce %\ld n be repair$ by s]vants or fri5ds1 !y %\ld feel ! real natural consequ5ces ( _! own neglect1 b no o!r puni%m5t %\ld be inflict$2 & !y %\ld be left to make _! own reflections ^u _! err\rs & mis=tunes1 undi/urb$ by ! reproa*es ( _! fri5ds1 or by ! pros+ moral ( a gov]ness or preceptor4 ,we recomm5d1 = we mu/ desc5d to ^! trifles1 t girls %\ld be suppli$ ) an indep5d5t /ock ( all ! little ?+s :i* are 9 daily use2 h\sewives1 & pocket books well /or$ ) useful implem5ts2 & !re %\ld be no l5d+#aje & borr[+ among/ *ildr54 ,x w be b j to provide our pupils ) conv5i5t places = ! pres]vation & arrangem5t ( _! little goods4 ,ord] is necess>y to economy2 & we _c m c]ta9ly create a ta/e = ord]1 ?an by %[+ e>ly its advantages 9 practice z well z 9 !ory4 ,! av]sion to old ?+s1 %\ld1 if possible1 be prev5t$ 9 *ildr53 we %\ld n express contempt = old ?+s1 b we %\ld treat !m ) increas$ rev]5ce1 & exult 9 _! hav+ arriv$ "u our protection to su* a cr$itable age4 ,i h _h su* a hat s long1 !re=e x does n signify :at becomes ( x6 is ! spee* ( a promis+ little sp5d?rift4 ,i h tak5 c>e ( my hat1 x has la/$ s long2 & ,i hope ,i %all make x la/ long]1 is ! exultation ( a "y economi/1 9 :i* 8 prud5t fri5ds %\ld sympa?ize4 ,wa/e n1 want n1 is an excell5t motto 9 an ,engli% nobleman's kit*54#ajf ,! mo/ opul5t p>5ts ought n to be a%am$ to adopt x 9 ! economic education ( _! *ildr53 e>ly habits ( c>e1 & an e>ly av]sion & contempt = ! selfi% _s ( wa/eful extravagance1 may pres]ve ! =tunes1 &1 :at is ( f> m importance1 ! integrity & peace ( m9d ( noble families4 ,we h said1 t economy _c be ex]cis$ )\t *ildr5's hav+ ! managem5t ( money4 ,:il/ our pupils are "y1 if !y are educat$ at home1 !y _c h mu* real occasion = money2 all ! necess>ies ( life are provid$ = !m2 & if !y h money to sp5d1 x mu/ be probably laid out on sup]fluities4 ,?is is a bad beg9n+4 ,money %\ld be repres5t$ to our pupils z :at x really is1 ! conv5tional sign ( ! value ( commodities3 be=e *ildr5 are acqua9t$ ) ! real & comp>ative value ( any ( ^! commodities1 x is surely imprud5t to tru/ !m ) money4 ,z to ! idea t *ildr5 may be *>itable & g5]\s 9 ! disposal ( money1 we h express$ our s5tim5ts fully ^u ?is subject already4#ajg ,we are1 h[ev]1 s5sible t :5 *ildr5 are s5t to any s*ool1 x is advisable to supply !m ) pocket-money en\gh to put !m ^u an equal foot+ ) _! companions2 o!rwise1 we might run ! haz>d ( induc+ worse faults ?an extravagance--meanness1 or envy4 ,"y p :o are educat$ at home %\ld1 z mu* z possible1 be educat$ to take a family int]e/ 9 all ! dome/ic exp5ses4 ,p>5tal res]ve 9 money matt]s is extremely impolitic2 z ,mr4 ,locke judici\sly obs]ves1 t a fa!r1 :o wraps 8 affairs up 9 my/]y1 & :o views 8 son ) jeal\s eyes1 z a p]son :o is to beg9 to live :5 he dies1 mu/ make him an enemy by treat+ him z su*4 ,a frank simplicity & cordial dep5d5ce ^u ! integrity & ^u ! sympa?y ( _! *ildr51 w ensure to p>5ts _! dis9t]e/$ fri5d%ip4 ,ignorance is always m to be dread$ ?an k4 ,"y p1 :o are absolutely ignorant ( affairs1 :o h no idea ( ! relative exp5se ( diff]5t modes ( liv+1 & ( ! v>i\s wants ( a family1 are apt to be extremely unreasonable 9 ! imag9>y disposal ( _! p>5t's =tune2 !y conf9e _! view m]ely to _! own exp5ses4 ,i only sp5d su* a sum1 !y say1 & surely t is no?+ to my fa!r's income4 ,!y consid] only ! absolute am\nt ( :at !y sp5d2 !y _c comp>e x ) ! numb] ( o!r exp5ses :i* are necess>y = ! re/ ( ! family3 !y d n "k ^!1 !re=e !y _c p]ceive ! proportion :i* x is reasonable t _! exp5diture %\ld be> to ! :ole4 ,mrs4 ,d',arblay1 9 "o ( h] excell5t novels1 has giv5 a /rik+ picture ( ! ignorance 9 :i* "y wom5 sometimes leave _! fa!r's h\se1 & beg9 to manage 9 life = !mselves1 )\t kn[+ any ?+ ( ! p[]s ( money4 ,camilla's imprud5ce mu/ *iefly be ascrib$ to h] ignorance4 ,"y wom5 %\ld be accu/om$ to keep ! family acc\nts1 & _! ari?metic %\ld n be m]ely a speculative sci5ce2 !y %\ld le>n ! price ( all necess>ies1 & ( all luxuries2 !y %\ld le>n :at luxuries are suit$ to _! =tune & rank1 :at degree ( exp5se 9 dress is ess5tial to a regul>ly neat appe>ance1 & :at mu/ be ! increas$ exp5se & temptations ( fa%ion 9 diff]5t situations2 !y %\ld n be suff]$ to imag9e t !y c resi/ ^! temptations m ?an o!rs1 if !y get into company above _! rank1 nor %\ld !y h any indi/9ct idea1 t by "s wond]ful economical op]ations !y c make a giv5 sum ( money g fur!r ?an o!rs c d4 ,! /ead9ess ( calculation w prev5t all ^! va9 notions2 & "y wom51 :5 !y see 9 /ubborn figures :at mu/ be ! consequ5ce ( gett+ into situations :]e !y mu/ be tempt$ to exce$ _! means1 w probably beg9 by avoid+1 in/ead ( brav+1 ! dang]4 ,mo/ p>5ts ?9k t _! sons are m dispos$ to extravagance ?an _! daught]s2 ! sons are usually expos$ to great] temptations4 ,"y m5 excite "o ano!r to exp5se1 & to a c]ta9 c>elessness ( economy1 :i* assumes ! "n ( _s1 :ile x (t5 =feits all pret5sions to ju/ice4 ,a prud5t fa!r w nev]1 f any false notions ( =m+ 8 son e>ly to good company1 introduce him to associates ^: only m]it is _! rank or _! =tune4 ,su* companions w lead a weak "y man into e species ( extravagance1 & !n des]t & ridicule him 9 ! h\r ( di/ress4 ,if a "y man has a ta/e = lit]ature1 & = rational society1 8 economy w be secur$1 simply because 8 pleasures w n be exp5sive1 nor w !y be dep5d5t ^u ! caprice ( fa%ionable associates4 ,! int]m$iate /ate betwe5 t ( a s*ool-boy & a man1 is ! dang]\s p]iod 9 :i* ta/e = exp5se is (t5 acquir$1 be=e ! means ( gratify+ x are obta9$4 ,boys li/5 ) anxiety to ! conv]sation ( ^? :o are a few ye>s old] ?an !mselves4 ,f ?is conv]sation !y ga!r in=mation respect+ ! ways ( ! _w1 :i*1 ?\gh (t5 errone\s1 !y t5aci\sly believe to be accurate3 x is 9 va9 t _! old] fri5ds may assure !m t su* & su* frivol\s exp5ses are n necess>y to ! well-be+ ( a man 9 society2 !y adh]e to ! op9ion ( ! y\ng] c\nsel2 !y conclude t e ?+ has *ang$ s9ce _! p>5ts 7 "y1 t !y mu/ n gov]n !mselves by antiquat$ notions1 b by ! s*eme ( economy :i* happ5s to be ! fa%ion ( ! day4 ,dur+ ?is boyi% /ate1 p>5ts %\ld be p>ticul>ly att5tive to ! company :i* _! sons keep2 & !y %\ld frequ5tly 9 conv]sation ) s5sible1 b n ) morose or old fa%ion$ p1 lead to ! subject ( economy1 & op5ly discuss & settle ! mo/ ess5tial po9ts4 ,at ! same "t a fa!r %\ld n intimidate 8 son ) ! idea t no?+ b rigid economy c w9 8 p>5tal fav\r2 8 p>5tal fav\r %\ld n be a m]c5>y object2 he %\ld r %[ 8 son1 t he is aw>e ( ! great temptations to :i* a "y man is expos$ 9 go+ fir/ into ! _w3 he %\ld %[ him1 bo? t he is dispos$ to place confid5ce 9 him1 & t he yet kn[s ! fallibility ( y\?ful prud5ce4 ,if he expect f 8 son un]r+ prud5ce1 he expects too mu*1 & he w1 p]haps1 create an appreh5sion ( 8 displeasure1 :i* may *ill & repress all +5u\s confid5ce4 ,9 all 8 *ildi%1 & 9 all 8 y\?ful di/resses1 a son %\ld be habitually incl9$ to turn to 8 fa!r z to 8 mo/ indulg5t fri5d4 ,apply to me if ev] y get into any difficulties1 & y w always f9d me y\r mo/ indulg5t fri5d1 7 ! words ( a fa!r to a *ild ( twelve ye>s old1 pron\nc$ ) su* enc\rag+ b5evol5ce1 t !y 7 nev] =gott5 by ! p]son to :om !y 7 address$4 ,be=e a "y man goes into ! _w1 x w be a great advantage to him to h "s %>e 9 ! managem5t ( 8 fa!r's affairs2 by lay+ out money = ano!r p]son1 he w acquire habits ( c>e1 :i* w be useful to him aft]w>ds 9 8 own affairs4 ,a fa!r1 :o is build+1 or improv+ gr\nds1 :o is c>ry+ on works ( any sort1 c easily allot "s portion ( ! bus9ess to 8 son1 z an ex]cise = 8 judgm5t & prud5ce4 ,he %\ld he> & see ! e/imates ( workm51 & he %\ld1 z soon z he has collect$ ! necess>y facts1 =m e/imates ( 8 own1 be=e he he>s ! calculation ( o!rs3 ?is p[] ( e/imat+ w be ( great advantage to g5tlem53 x w circumscribe _! wi%es1 & x w protect !m aga9/ ! l[ frauds ( design+ workm54 ,x may seem trivial1 b we _c =be> to advise "y p to read ! news-pap]s ( ! day regul>ly3 !y w keep up by ^! means ) ! curr5t ( affairs1 & !y w ex]cise _! judgm5t ^u int]e/+ bus9ess1 & l>ge objects4 ,! soon] boys acquire ! sort ( k necess>y = ! conv]sation ( s5sible m51 ! bett]2 !y w be ! less expos$ to feel false %ame4 ,false %ame1 ! con/ant att5dant ^u ignorance1 (t5 leads "y m5 into imprud5t exp5ses2 :51 ^u any occasion1 !y d n "k by any c]ta9 calculation to :at any exp5se may am\nt1 !y are a%am$ to inquire m9utely4 ,f ano!r sort ( weakness1 !y are a%am$ to resi/ ! example or importunity ( numb]s2 aga9/ ?is weakness1 ! /rong desire ( pres]v+ ! good op9ion ( e/imable fri5ds1 is ! be/ pres]vative4 ,! ta/e = ! e/eem ( sup]ior *>act]s1 cures ! m9d ( fondness = vulg> applause4 ,we h1 9 ! v fir/ *apt] ( ?is book1 spok5 ( ! dang] ( ! passion = gam+1 & ! precautions t we h recomm5d$ 9 e>ly education w1 x is hop$1 prev5t ! disord] f appe>+ 9 our pupils z !y gr[ up4 ,occupations = ! und]/&+1 & objects = ! affections1 w preclude all desire = ! viol5t /imulus ( ! gam+ table4 ,x may be said1 t _m m5 ( sup]ior abilities1 & ( g5]\s social temp]s1 become game/]s4 ,!y d s1 because !y h exhau/$ o!r pleasures1 & !y h be5 accu/om$ to /rong excitem5ts4 ,su* excitem5ts d n become necess>y to happ9ess1 till !y h be5 made habitual4 ,!re 0 an excell5t ,essay on ,projects1 publi%$ "s ye>s ago by an anonym\s writ]1 :i* we ?9k w\ld make a great impression ^u any "y p]sons ( good s5se4 ,we d n wi% to repress ! g5]\s ent]pris+ ard\r ( y\?1 or to conf9e ! ideas to ! n>r[ circle ( :i* self mu/ be ! c5tre4 ,calculation w %[ :at c be done1 & h[ x c be done2 & ?us ! individual1 )\t injury to himself1 may1 if he wi% x1 speculate ext5sively = ! good ( 8 fell[ creatures4 ,x is sc>cely possible1 t ! mean passion ( av>ice %\ld exi/ 9 ! m9d ( any "y p]son :o has be5 tol]ably well educat$2 b too mu* pa9s _c be tak5 to pres]ve t dome/ic felicity1 :i* arises f entire confid5ce & satisfaction among/ ! individuals ( a family ) reg>d to prop]ty4 ,exactness 9 acc\nts & 9 bus9ess relative to prop]ty1 f> f be+ unnecess>y among/ fri5ds & relations1 are1 we ?9k1 peculi>ly agreeable1 & ess5tial to ! cont9uance ( frank intimacy4 ,we %\ld1 :il/ our pupils are "y1 tea* !m a love = exactness ab\t prop]ty2 a respect = ! rights ( o!rs1 r ?an a t5aci\s anxiety ab\t _! own4 ,:5 "y p are ( a prop] age to manage money & prop]ty ( _! own1 let !m "k precisely :at !y c annually sp5d2 9 :atev] =m !y receive an income1 let t income be c]ta93 if pres5ts ( pocket money or ( dress are f "t to "t made to !m1 ?is creates expectation & unc]ta9ty 9 _! m9ds4 ,all p]sons :o h a fluctuat+ rev5ue1 are dispos$ to be imprud5t & extravagant4 ,x is rem>kable1 t ! ,we/-,indian plant]s1 ^: prop]ty is a k9d ( lott]y1 are extravagantly dispos$ to speculation2 9 ! hopes ( a fav\rable season1 !y live f ye> to ye> 9 unb\nd$ pr(usion4 ,x is curi\s to obs]ve1 t ! prop5sity to extravagance exi/s 9 ^? :o enjoy ! greate/ afflu5ce1 & 9 ^? :o h felt ! greate/ di/ress4 ,^? :o h little to lose1 are reckless ab\t t little2 & any unc]ta9ty z to ! t5ure ( prop]ty1 or z to ! rew>ds ( indu/ry1 imm$iately op]ates1 n only to depress activity1 b to de/roy prud5ce4 ,prud5ce1 says ,mr4 ,edw>ds1 is a t]m t has no place 9 ! negro vocabul>y2 in/ead ( tru/+ to :at are call$ ! gr\nd provisions1 :i* are safe f ! hurricanes1 ! negroes1 9 ! cultivation ( _! own l&s1 tru/ m to planta9-groves1 corn1 & o!r vegetables t are liable to be de/roy$ by /orms4 ,:5 !y e>n a little money1 !y imm$iately gratify _! palate ) salt$ meats & o!r provisions1 :i* are to !m delicacies4 ,! idea ( accumulat+1 & ( be+ economic 9 ord] to accumulate1 is unkn[n to ^! poor slaves1 :o hold _! l&s by ! mo/ unc]ta9 ( all t5ures1#ajh ,we are told1 t ! provision gr\nd1 ! creation ( ! negro's indu/ry1 & ! hope ( 8 life1 is sold by public auction to pay 8 ma/]'s debts4 ,is x wond]ful t ! t]m prud5ce %\ld be unkn[n 9 ! negro vocabul>y8 ,! v poore/ class ( p 9 ,london1 :o feel despair1 & :o m]ely live to be> ! evil ( ! day1 are1 x is said1 v little dispos$ to be prud5t4 ,9 a late publication1 ,mr4 ,colquh\n's ,treatise on ! ,police ( ! ,metropolis1 he tells u1 t ! *ief consumption ( oy/]s1 crabs1 lob/]s1 pickl$ salmon1 c4 :5 fir/ 9 season1 & :5 ! prices are high1 is by ! l[e/ classes ( ! p4 ,! middle ranks1 & ^? imm$iately "u !m1 ab/a9 g5]ally f su* indulg5ces until ! prices are mod]ate4#aji ,p]haps x may be ?\ght1 t ! consumption ( oy/]s1 crabs1 & pickl$ salmon1 9 ,london1 or ! managem5t ( ! negro's provision gr\nd 9 ,jamaica1 has little to d ) a practical essay ^u economy & prud5ce2 b we hope1 t we may be p]mitt$ to use ^! f> fet*$ illu/rations1 to %[ t ! same causes act ^u ! m9d indep5d5tly ( climate3 !y are m5tion$ "h to %[1 t ! little rev5ue ( "y p ought to be fix$ & c]ta94 ,:5 we recomm5d economy & prud5ce to our pupils1 we mu/1 at ! same "t1 keep _! he>ts op5 to ! pleasures ( g5]osity2 economy & prud5ce w put x 9 ! p[] ( ! g5]\s to give4 ,! wor? ( ev]y?+ ,is z mu* money z 'twill br+1 w nev] be ! v5al maxim ( ^? :o und]/& ! nature ( philosophic prud5ce4 ,! wor? ( money is to be e/imat$ by ! numb] ( real pleasures :i* x c procure3 !re are _m :i* are n to be b\ght by gold2#aaj ^! w nev] lose _! pre-em95t value ) p]sons :o h be5 educat$ bo? to reason & to feel4 ,,footnotes3 #if ,"h lies ! mutton eat+ k+2 ,^: promise none reli$ on2 ,:o nev] said a fooli% ?+1 ,& nev] did a wise "o4 ,epitaph on ,*>les #b;d4 #ig ,v4 ,ta/e & ,imag9ation4 #ih ,d>w9's ,zoonomia4 #ii ,*apt] on ,imag9ation4 #ajj ,*>les ,,vi4 #aja ,no p5ance c absolve _! guilty fame1 ,nor te>s1 t wa% out s91 c wa% out %ame4 #ajb ,v4 ,p]sian ,tales4 #ajc ,v4 ,*apt] on ,temp]4 #ajd ,mrs4 ,piozzi's ,engli% ,synonymy1 vol4 i4 p4 #cei4 #aje ,v4 ,toys4 #ajf ,"l ,sc>sdale's4 ,k$dle/on4 #ajg ,v4 ,*apt] on ,sympa?y & ,s5sibility4 #ajh ,v4 ,edw>ds' ,hi/ory ( ! ,we/ ,indies4 #aji ,v4 a note 9 page #cb ( ! ,treatise on ! ,police ( ! ,metropolis4 ,,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,,summ>y4 ,! g5]al pr9ciple1 t we %\ld associate pleasure ) :atev] we wi% t our pupils %\ld pursue1 & pa9 ) :atev] we wi% t !y %\ld avoid1 =ms1 our read]s w p]ceive1 ! basis ( our plan ( education4 ,?is maxim1 appli$ to ! cultivation ( ! und]/&+1 or ( ! affections1 w1 we appreh5d1 be equally successful2 virtues1 z well z abilities1 or :at is popul>ly call$ g5ius1 we believe to be ! result ( education1 n ! gift ( nature4 ,a fond "m w tremble at ! idea1 t s mu* dep5ds ^u h] own c>e 9 ! e>ly education ( h] *ildr52 b1 ev5 ?\gh %e may be inexp]i5c$ 9 ! art1 %e may be p]suad$ t pati5ce & p]sev]ance w ensure h] success3 ev5 f h] timidity we may prophesy fav\rably2 =1 9 education1 to "k ! dang]1 is (t5 to avoid x4 ,! fir/ /eps require r caution & g5tle k9dness1 ?an any difficult or labori\s ex]tions3 ! female sex are1 f _! situation1 _! mann]s1 & tal5ts1 peculi>ly suit$ to ! sup]9t5d5ce ( ! e>ly ye>s ( *ildhood4 ,we h1 !re=e1 9 ! fir/ *apt]s ( ! prec$+ "w1 endeav\r$ to adapt our rem>ks pr9cipally to female read]s1 & we %all ?9k ourselves happy1 if any anxi\s "m feels _! practical utility4 ,9 ! *apt]s on ,toys1 ,tasks1 & ,att5tion1 we h attempt$ to %[ h[ ! in/ruction & amusem5ts ( *ildr5 may be s manag$ z to co9cide ) ea* o!r4 ,play1 we h obs]v$1 is only a *ange ( occupation2 & toys1 to be p]man5tly agreeable to *ildr51 mu/ af=d !m cont9u$ employm5t4 ,we h decl>$ w> aga9/ tasks1 or r aga9/ ! tra9 ( melan*oly1 :i*1 associat$ ) ?is ^w1 usually r5d] x odi\s to ! e>s ( ! disgu/$ s*ol>4 ,by k9d pati5ce1 & well tim$1 di/9ct1 & above all1 by %ort lessons1 a "y *ild may be initiat$ 9 ! my/]ies ( le>n+1 & 9 ! fir/ pr9ciples ( k1 )\t fatigue1 or puni%m5t1 or te>s4 ,no matt] h[ little be le>n$ 9 a giv5 "t1 provid$ ! pupil be n disgu/$2 provid$ ! wi% to improve be excit$1 & ! habits ( att5tion be acquir$4 ,att5tion we consid] z ! faculty ( ! m9d :i* is ess5tial to ! cultivation ( all its o!r p[]s4 ,x is ess5tial to success 9 :at are call$ accompli%m5ts1 or tal5ts1 z well z to our progress 9 ! labori\s arts or ab/ract sci5ces4 ,believ+ s mu* to dep5d ^u ?is faculty or habit1 we h tak5 p>ticul> pa9s to expla9 ! practical me?ods by :i* x may be improv$4 ,! g5]al maxims1 t ! att5tion ( "y p %\ld at fir/ be ex]cis$ b = v %ort p]iods2 t !y %\ld nev] be urg$ to ! po9t ( fatigue2 t pleasure1 especially ! great pleasure ( success1 %\ld be associat$ ) ! ex]tions ( ! pupil2 are applicable to *ildr5 ( all temp]s4 ,! c>e :i* has be5 recomm5d$1 9 ! use ( words1 to convey uni=mly di/9ct ideas1 w1 x is hop$1 be f\nd advantage\s4 ,we h1 )\t ent]+ into ! speculative "q conc]n+ ! orig9al diff]5ces ( temp] & g5ius1 (f]$ su* obs]vations z we ?\ght might be useful 9 cultivat+ ! att5tion ( vivaci\s1 & indol5t *ildr52 :e!r _! idl5ess or indol5ce proce$ f nature1 or f mi/ak5 modes ( in/ruction1 we h be5 anxi\s to po9t out means ( cur+ _! defects2 &1 f our successful exp]i5ce ) pupils app>5tly ( opposite dispositions1 we h v5tur$ to ass]t ) "s confid5ce1 t no p>5t %\ld despair ( correct+ a *ild's defects2 t no preceptor %\ld despair ( produc+ 9 8 pupil ! species ( abilities :i* 8 education /eadily t5ds to =m4 ,^! are enc\rag+ hopes1 b n flatt]+ promises4 ,hav+ j op5$ ^! bright views to p>5ts1 we h paus$ to w>n !m1 t all _! expectations1 all _! c>es1 w be 9 va91 unless !y h suffici5t prud5ce & /r5g? ( m9d to foll[ a c]ta9 mode ( conduct ) respect to s]vants1 & ) respect to common acqua9tance4 ,m failures 9 private education h be5 occasion$ by ! int]f]5ce ( s]vants & acqua9tance1 ?an f any o!r cause4 ,x is impossible1 we repeat x 9 ! /ronge/ t]ms1 x is impossible t p>5ts c be successful 9 ! education ( _! *ildr5 at home1 unless !y h /ead9ess en\gh to resi/ all int]f]5ce f visit]s & acqua9tance1 :o f ?\ghtless k9dness1 or a busy desire to adm9i/] advice1 are apt to c\nt]act ! views ( a preceptor2 & :o (t51 9 a few m9utes1 undo ! "w ( ye>s4 ,:5 our pupils h =m$ _! habits1 & h reason & exp]i5ce suffici5t to guide !m1 let !m be left z free z air2 let !m *oose _! fri5ds & acqua9tance2 let !m see ! greate/ v>iety ( *>act]s1 & he> ! greate/ v>iety ( conv]sation & op9ions3 b :il/ !y are *ildr51 :il/ !y are de/itute ( ! means to judge1 _! p>5ts or preceptors mu/ supply _! defici5t reason2 & au?ority1 )\t viol5ce1 %\ld direct !m to _! happ9ess4 ,!y mu/ see1 t all :o are conc]n$ 9 _! education1 agree 9 ! means ( gov]n+ !m2 9 all _! comm&s & prohibitions1 9 ! di/ribution ( praise & blame1 ( rew>d & puni%m5t1 !re mu/ be unanimity4 ,:]e !re does n exi/ ?is unanimity 9 families2 :]e p>5ts h n suffici5t firmness to prev5t ! int]f]5ce ( acqua9tance1 & suffici5t prud5ce to keep *ildr5 f all private communication ) s]vants1 we e>ne/ly advise t ! *ildr5 be s5t to "s public sem9>y ( education4 ,we h tak5 "s pa9s to detail ! me?ods by :i* all hurtful communication betwe5 *ildr5 & s]vants1 9 a well regulat$ family1 may be avoid$1 & we h ass]t$1 f ! exp]i5ce ( above tw5ty ye>s1 t ^! me?ods h be5 f\nd n only practicable1 b easy4 ,9 ! *apt]s on ,ob$i5ce1 ,temp] & ,tru?1 ! g5]al pr9ciple1 t pleasure %\ld excite to ex]tion & virtue1 & t pa9 %\ld be connect$ ) :atev] we wi% our pupils to avoid1 is appli$ to practice ) a m9ut5ess ( detail :i* we knew n h[ to avoid4 ,ob$i5ce we h consid]$ z a relative1 r ?an z a positive1 virtue3 be=e *ildr5 are able to conduct !mselves1 _! ob$i5ce mu/ be r5d]$ habitual3 ob$i5ce alt]s its nature z ! pupil becomes m & m rational2 & ! only me?od to secure ! ob$i5ce1 ! will+1 enlight5$ ob$i5ce ( rational be+s1 is to conv9ce !m by exp]i5ce1 t x t5ds to _! happ9ess4 ,tru? dep5ds ^u example m ?an precept2 & we h endeav\r$ to impress x on ! m9ds ( all :o are conc]n$ 9 education1 t ! fir/ ?+ necess>y to tea* _! pupils to love tru?1 is 9 _! :ole conduct to respect x !mselves4 ,we h reprobat$ ! artifices sometimes us$ by preceptors t[>ds _! pupils2 we h %[n t all confid5ce is de/roy$ by ^! deceptions4 ,may !y nev] m be attempt$6 ,may p>5ts unite 9 hone/ dete/ation ( ^! practices6 ,*ildr5 are n fools1 & !y are n to be gov]n$ l fools4 ,p>5ts :o adh]e to ! firm pr9ciple ( tru?1 may be c]ta9 ( ! respect & confid5ce ( _! *ildr54 ,*ildr5 :o nev] see ! example ( falsehood1 w gr[ up ) a simplicity ( "*1 ) an habitual love ( tru?1 t mu/ surprise preceptors :o h se5 ! prop5sity to deceit :i* e>ly appe>s 9 *ildr5 :o h _h ! mis=tune to live ) s]vants1 or ) p]sons :o h ! habits ( meanness & cunn+4 ,we h advis$1 t *ildr51 be=e _! habits are =m$1 %\ld nev] be expos$ to temptations to deceive2 t no que/ions %\ld be ask$ !m :i* haz>d _! "y integrity2 t z !y gr[ old]1 !y %\ld gradually be tru/$2 & t !y %\ld be plac$ 9 situations :]e !y may feel ! advantages bo? ( speak+ tru?1 & ( obta9+ a "* = integrity4 ,! p]ception ( ! utility ( ?is virtue to ! individual1 & to society1 w confirm ! habitual rev]5ce 9 :i* our pupils h be5 taught to hold x4 ,z "y p become reasonable1 ! nature ( _! habits & ( _! education %\ld be expla9$ to !m1 & _! virtues1 f be+ virtues ( cu/om1 %\ld be r5d]$ virtues ( *oice & reason4 ,x is easi] to confirm good habits by ! conviction ( ! und]/&+1 ?an to induce habits 9 consequ5ce ( t conviction4 ,?is pr9ciple we h pursu$ 9 ! *apt] on ,rew>ds & ,puni%m5ts2 we h n consid]$ puni%m5t z v5geance or retaliation1 b z pa9 inflict$ ) ! reasonable hope ( procur+ "s future advantage to ! del9qu5t1 or to society4 ,! smalle/ possible quantity ( pa9 t c effect ?is purpose1 we suppose1 mu/1 ) all j & humane p]sons1 be ! measure ( puni%m5t4 ,?is notion ( puni%m5t1 bo? = ! sake ( ! preceptor & ! pupil1 %\ld be cle>ly expla9$ z e>ly z x c be made intelligible4 ,z to rew>ds1 we d n wi% t !y %\ld be bribes2 !y %\ld /imulate1 )\t weak5+ ! m9d4 ,! consequ5ces :i* naturally foll[ e species ( good conduct1 are ! prop] & be/ rew>ds t we c devise2 *ildr5 ^: und]/&+s are cultivat$1 & ^: temp]s are n spoil$1 w be easily made happy )\t ! petty bribes :i* are adm9i/]$ daily to ill educat$1 ignorant1 ov] /imulat$1 &1 consequ5tly1 wret*$ & ill hum\r$ *ildr54 ,f> f mak+ *ildhood a /ate ( cont9ual p5ance1 re/ra9t1 & mis]y1 we wi% t x %\ld be made a /ate ( uni=m happ9ess2 t p>5ts & preceptors %\ld treat _! pupils ) z mu* equality & k9dness z ! improv+ reason ( *ildr5 ju/ifies4 ,! views ( *ildr5 %\ld be ext5d$ to _! future advantage1#aaa & !y %\ld consid] *ildhood z a "p ( _! exi/5ce1 n z a c]ta9 numb] ( ye>s :i* mu/ be pass$ ov] be=e !y c enjoy any ( ! pleasures ( life1 be=e !y c enjoy any ( ! privileges ( gr[n up p4 ,preceptors %\ld n accu/om _! pupils to :at !y call indulg5ce1 b %\ld give !m ! utmo/ degree ( pres5t pleasure :i* is consi/5t ) _! future advantage4 ,w\ld x n be folly & cruelty to give pres5t pleasure at ! exp5se ( a mu* l>g] portion ( future pa98 ,:5 *ildr5 acquire exp]i5ce & reason1 !y rejudge ! conduct ( ^? :o h educat$ !m2 & _! confid5ce & _! gratitude w be 9 exact proportion to ! wisdom & ju/ice ) :i* !y h be5 gov]n$4 ,x 0 necess>y to expla9 at l>ge ^! ideas ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 t we might cle>ly see our way 9 ! progress ( education4 ,aft] hav+ det]m9$1 t our object is to obta9 = our pupils ! greate/ possible portion ( felicity2 aft] hav+ obs]v$1 t no happ9ess c be enjoy$ 9 society )\t ! social virtues1 )\t ! useful & ! agreeable qualities2 our view naturally turns to ! means ( =m+ ^! virtues1 ( ensur+ ^! ess5tial qualities4 ,on our sympa?y ) our fell[ creatures dep5d _m ( our social virtues2 f our ambition to excel our competitors1 arise _m ( our mo/ useful & agreeable actions4 ,we h consid]$ ^! pr9ciples ( action z !y dep5d on ea* o!r1 & z !y are aft]w>ds sep>at$4 ,sympa?y & s5sibility1 un9=m$ by reason1 _c be prop] guides to action4 ,we h endeav\r$ to %[ h[ sympa?y may be improv$ into virtue4 ,*ildr5 %\ld n see ! de=m$ expression ( ! malevol5t passions 9 ! c\nt5ance ( ^? :o live ) !m3 be=e ! habits are =m$1 be=e sympa?y has any rule to guide itself1 x is necess>ily det]m9$ by example4 ,b5evol5ce & affectionate k9dness f p>5ts to *ildr51 fir/ inspire ! pleas+ emotions ( love & gratitude4 ,sympa?y is n able to cont5d ) passion or appetite3 we %\ld !re=e avoid plac+ *ildr5 9 pa9ful competition ) "o ano!r4 ,we love ^? f :om we receive pleasure4 ,to make *ildr5 fond ( ea* o!r1 we mu/ make !m ! cause ( pleasure to ea* o!r2 we mu/ place !m 9 situations :]e no passion or appetite crosses _! natural sympa?y4 ,we h spok5 ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 transi5t1 convivial sympa?y1 & t high] species ( sympa?y :i*1 connect$ ) e/eem1 con/itutes fri5d%ip4 ,we h exhort$ p>5ts n to exhau/ imprud5tly ! s5sibility ( _! *ildr52 n to lavi% c>esses ^u _! infancy1 & cruelly to )draw _! k9dness :5 _! *ildr5 h le>n$ to expect ! daily /imulus ( affection4 ,! idea ( ex]cis+ s5sibility we h endeav\r$ to expla91 & to %[1 t if we require premature gratitude & g5]osity f "y p1 we %all only tea* !m affectation & hypocrisy4 ,we h slightly t\*$ on ! dang]s ( excessive female s5sibility1 & h sugge/$1 t useful1 active employm5ts1 & ! cultivation ( ! reason+ faculty1 r5d] sympa?y & s5sibility m respectable1 & n less graceful4 ,9 treat+ ( vanity1 pride1 & ambition1 we h be5 m indulg5t to vanity ?an our pr\d read]s w approve4 ,we hope1 h[ev]1 n to be misund]/ood2 we hope t we %all n appe> to be admir]s ( t mean & ridicul\s foible1 :i* is anxi\sly conceal$ by all :o h any desire to obta9 e/eem4 ,we _c1 h[ev]1 avoid ?9k+ x is a contradiction to inspire "y p ) a wi% to excel1 & at ! same "t to insi/ ^u _! repress+ all expressions ( satisfaction if !y succe$4 ,! desire to obta9 ! good op9ion ( o!rs1 is a /rong motive to ex]tion3 ?is desire _c be discrim9ative 9 *ildr5 be=e !y h any k ( ! comp>ative value ( diff]5t qualities1 & be=e !y c e/imate ! consequ5t value ( ! applause ( diff]5t individuals4 ,we h endeav\r$ to %[ h[1 f appeal+ at fir/ to ! op9ions ( o!rs1 *ildr5 may be l$ to =m judgm5ts ( _! own actions1 & to appeal to _! own m9ds = approbation4 ,! s5se ( duty & indep5d5t self-complac5cy may gradually be sub/itut$ 9 ! place ( weak1 ignorant vanity4 ,!re is n mu* dang] t "y p1 ^: und]/&+s are improv$1 & :o mix gradually ) society1 %\ld n be able to repress ^? (f5sive expressions ( vanity or pride1 :i* are disagreeable to ! feel+s ( ! imp>tial spectators4 ,we %\ld r let ! vanity ( *ildr5 f9d its own level1 ?an attempt any artificial adju/m5ts2 !y w le>n propriety ( mann]s f obs]vation & exp]i5ce2 we %\ld h pati5ce ) _! e>ly unciviliz$ presumption1 le/ we1 by premature re/ra9ts1 *eck ! en]gy ( ! m9d1 & induce ! cold1 feeble vice ( hypocrisy4 ,9 _! own family1 among ! fri5ds :om !y ought to love & e/eem1 let *ildr51 ) simple1 unres]v$ vivacity1 express ! good op9ion !y h ( !mselves4 ,x is inf9itely bett] t !y %\ld be all[$ ?is necess>y expansion ( self-complac5cy 9 ! company ( _! sup]iors1 ?an t x %\ld be repress$ by ! cold h& ( au?ority1 & aft]w>ds be display$ 9 ! company ( inf]iors & sycophants4 ,we h endeav\r$ to di/+ui% betwe5 ! prop] & improp] use ( praise z a motive 9 education3 we h consid]$ x z a /imulus :i*1 l all o!r excitem5ts1 is s]viceable or p]nici\s1 accord+ to ! degree 9 :i* x is us$1 & ! circum/ances 9 :i* x is appli$4 ,:il/ we h ?us be5 exam9+ ! g5]al means ( educat+ ! he>t & ! und]/&+1 we h avoid$ ent]+ m9utely into ! te*nical me?ods ( obta9+ c]ta9 p>ts ( k4 ,x 0 ess5tial1 9 ! fir/ place1 to %[1 h[ ! desire ( k 0 to be excit$2 :at acquirem5ts are mo/ desirable1 & h[ !y are to be mo/ easily obta9$1 are ! next consid]ations4 ,9 ! *apt] on ,books--,classical ,lit]ature & ,gramm>--,ari?metic & ,geometry--,geography & ,a/ronomy--,me*anics & ,*emi/ry--we h attempt$ to %[1 h[ a ta/e = lit]ature may e>ly be infus$ into ! m9ds ( *ildr51 & h[ ! rudim5ts ( sci5ce1 & "s g5]al pr9ciples ( k1 may be acquir$1 )\t disgu/+ ! pupil1 or fatigu+ him by unceas+ application4 ,we h1 9 speak+ ( ! *oice ( books = *ildr51 sugge/$ ! g5]al pr9ciples1 by :i* a selection may be safely made2 & by m9ute1 b we hope n invidi\s1 criticism1 we h illu/rat$ our pr9ciples s z to make !m practically useful4 ,! exam9ation ( ,m4 ,condillac's ,c\rs d',etude 0 meant to illu/rate our own s5tim5ts1 m ?an to attack a p>ticul> sy/em4 ,f> f int5d+ to depreciate ?is au?or1 we ?9k mo/ highly ( 8 abilities2 b we ?\ght x necess>y to po9t out "s practical err\rs 9 8 mode ( in/ruction4 ,)\t examples f real life1 we %\ld h w&]$1 z _m o!rs ( f> sup]ior abilities h already w&]$1 9 ! %ad[y l& ( !ory4 ,9 our *apt]s on ,gramm>1 ,ari?metic1 ,me*anics1 ,*emi/ry1 c4 all t we h attempt$ has be5 to recall to preceptors ! difficulties :i* !y once exp]i5c$1 & to trace ^? e>ly foot/eps :i* "t ins5sibly oblit]ates4 ,h[ few possess1 l ,f>uknaz 9 ! ,p]sian tale1 ! happy art ( transfus+ _! own s\ls into ! bosoms ( o!rs6 ,we %all n pity ! read] :om we h dragg$ ?r\gh ,g>retson's ,ex]cises1 if we c save "o trembl+ little pilgrim f t sl\gh ( despond4 ,we hope t ! pati5t1 quiet mode ( tea*+ classical lit]ature1 :i* we h f\nd to succe$ 9 a few in/ances1 may be f\nd equally successful 9 o!rs2 we are n consci\s ( hav+ exagg]at$1 & we s9c]ely wi% t "s intellig5t1 b5evol5t p>5ts may v]ify our exp]im5ts ^u _! own *ildr54 ,! great difficulty :i* has be5 f\nd 9 attempts to in/ruct *ildr5 9 sci5ce1 has1 we appreh5d1 aris5 f ! !oretic mann] 9 :i* preceptors h proce$$4 ,! k t _c be imm$iately appli$ to use1 has no int]e/ = *ildr51 has no hold ^u _! memories2 !y may le>n ! pr9ciples ( me*anics1 or geometry1 or *emi/ry2 b if !y h no means ( apply+ _! k1 x is quickly =gott51 & no?+ b ! disgu/ connect$ ) ! recollection ( useless lab\r rema9s 9 ! pupil's m9d4 ,x has be5 our object1 9 treat+ ( ^! subjects1 to %[ h[ !y may be made int]e/+ to "y p2 & = ?is purpose we %\ld po9t out to !m1 9 ! daily1 active bus9ess ( life1 ! practical use ( sci5tific k4 ,_! s5ses %\ld be ex]cis$ 9 exp]im5ts1 & ^! exp]im5ts %\ld be simple1 di/9ct1 & applicable to "s object 9 :i* our pupils are imm$iately int]e/$4 ,we are n solicit\s ab\t ! quantity ( k t is obta9$ at any giv5 age1 b we are extremely anxi\s t ! desire to le>n %\ld cont9ually increase1 & t :atev] is taught %\ld be taught ) t p]spicuity1 :i* improves ! g5]al und]/&+4 ,if ! fir/ pr9ciples ( sci5ce are once cle>ly und]/ood1 !re is no dang] t ! pupil %\ld n1 at any subsequ5t p]iod ( 8 life1 improve 8 practical skill1 & increase 8 k to :atev] degree he ?9ks prop]4 ,we h hi!rto proce$$ )\t discuss+ ! comp>ative advantages ( public or private education4 ,:e!r *ildr5 are to be educat$ at home1 or to be s5t to public sem9>ies1 ! same c\rse ( education1 dur+ ! fir/ ye>s ( _! lives1 %\ld be pursu$2 & ! prep>atory c>e ( p>5ts is ess5tial to ! success ( ! public preceptor4 ,we h admitt$ ! necessity ( public s*ools1 &1 9 ! pres5t /ate ( society1 we ackn[l$ge t _m p>5ts h x n 9 _! p[] prop]ly to sup]9t5d ! private education ( a family4 ,we h e>ne/ly advis$ p>5ts n to attempt private education )\t fir/ calculat+ ! difficulties ( ! und]tak+2 we h po9t$ out t1 by co-op]at+ ) ! public in/ruct]1 p>5ts may assi/ 9 ! =mation ( _! *ildr5's *>act]s1 )\t und]tak+ ! sole managem5t ( _! classical in/ruction4 ,a private education1 ^u a calm survey ( ! advantages ( bo? sy/ems1 we pref]1 because m is 9 ! p[] ( ! private ?an ( ! public in/ruct]4 ,"o uni=m c\rse ( exp]i5ce may be pres]v$1 & no examples1 b ^? :i* we wi% to h foll[$1 ne$ be se5 by ^? *ildr5 :o are br\ght up at home4 ,:5 we give our op9ion 9 fav\r ( private education1 we hope t all we h said on s]vants & on acqua9tance w be full 9 ! read]'s recollection4 ,no private education1 we repeat x1 c succe$ )\t p]fect unanimity1 consi/5cy1 & /ead9ess1 among/ all ! individuals 9 ! family4 ,we h recomm5d$ to p>5ts ! highe/ lib]ality z ! highe/ prud5ce1 9 rew>d+ ! c>e ( enlight5$ preceptors4 ,ye great & opul5t p>5ts1 condesc5d to make y\r *ildr5 happy3 provide = y\rselves ! cordial ( dome/ic affection aga9/ t sickness ( long life--old age4 ,9 :at we h said ( gov]nesses1 ma/]s1 & ! value ( female accompli%m5ts1 we h consid]$ n only :at is ! fa%ion ( to-day1 b r :at is likely to be ! fa%ion ( t5 or tw5ty ye>s h5ce4 ,mo!rs w look back1 & obs]ve h[ mu* ! sy/em ( female education has alt]$ )9 _! own memory2 & !y w see1 ) ! prophetic eye ( ta/e1 :at may probably be ! fa%ion ( ano!r spr+--ano!r race4#aab ,we h endeav\r$ to sub/itute ! words dome/ic happ9ess in/ead ( ! pres5t t]ms1 success 9 ! _w--=tunate e/abli%m5ts1 c4 ,?is w lead1 p]haps1 at fir/1 to "s confusion 9 ! m9ds ( ^? :o h be5 long us$ to ! old t]ms3 b ! new vocabul>y has its advantages2 ! "y & unprejudic$ w1 p]haps1 p]ceive !m1 & mat]nal t5d]ness w calculate ) m precision1 b n ) less eag]ness1 ! *ances ( happ9ess accord+ to ! new & old tables ( int]e/4 ,sect>y-metaphysicians1 if any ( ?is description %\ld ev] deign to op5 a book t has a practical title1 w1 we fe>1 be disappo9t$ 9 our *apt]s on ,memory--,imag9ation & ,judgm5t4 ,!y w n f9d u ! p>tisans ( any sy/em1 & !y w probably close ! volume ) sup]cili\s contempt4 ,we endeav\r to console ourselves by ! hope1 t m5 ( s5se & c&\r w be m indulg5t1 & w view ) m complac5cy an attempt to collect f all metaphysical writ]s1 ^? obs]vations1 :i* c be imm$iately ( practical use 9 education4 ,)\t any pomp\s pret5sions1 we h giv5 a sket* ( :at we h be5 able to und]/& & asc]ta9 ( ! hi/ory ( ! m9d4 ,on "s subjects1 ! wise/ ( our read]s w at lea/ give u cr$it = kn[+ t we are ignorant4 ,we d n set t high value ^u ,memory1 :i* "s preceptors are incl9$ to d4 ,f all t we h obs]v$1 we believe t few p are naturally defici5t 9 ?is faculty2 ?\gh 9 _m x may h be5 s injudici\sly cultivat$ z to induce ! spectators to conclude1 t !re 0 "s orig9al defect 9 ! ret5tive p[]4 ,! recollective p[] is less cultivat$ ?an x ought to be1 by ! usual modes ( education3 & ?is is "o reason :y s few pupils rise above m$iocrity4 ,!y lay up treasures = mo?s to corrupt2 !y acquire a quantity ( k1 !y le>n a multitude ( words by rote1 & !y _c produce a s+le fact1 or a s+le idea1 9 ! mom5t :5 x is want$3 !y collect1 b !y _c comb9e4 ,we h sugge/$ ! means ( cultivat+ ! inv5tive faculty at ! same "t t we /ore ! memory2 we h %[n1 t on ! ord] 9 :i* ideas are pres5t$ to ! m9d1 dep5ds ! ord] 9 :i* !y w recur to ! memory2 & we h giv5 examples f ! hi/ories ( great m5 & little *ildr51 ( ! reciprocal assi/ance :i* ! memory & ! inv5tive p[]s af=d ea* o!r4 ,9 speak+ ( ,ta/e1 x has be5 our wi% to avoid prejudice & affectation4 ,we h advis$ t *ildr5 %\ld e>ly be in=m$1 t ! pr9ciples ( ta/e dep5d ^u casual1 arbitr>y1 v>iable associations4 ,?is w prev5t our pupils f fall+ into ! vulg> err\r ( be+ amaz$ & sc&aliz$ at ! ta/es ( o!r times & o!r nations4 ,! beauties ( nature & ! productions ( art1 :i* are f\nd to be mo/ g5]ally pleas+1 we %\ld associate ) pleasure 9 ! m9d3 b we ought n to expect t *ildr5 %\ld admire ^? works ( imag9ation :i* sugge/1 in/ead ( express+1 ideas4 ,until *ildr5 h acquir$ ! language1 until !y h all ! necess>y tra9s ( ideas1 _m ( ! f9e/ /rokes ( g5ius 9 oratory1 poetry1 & pa9t+1 mu/ to !m be absolutely un9telligible4 ,9 a moral po9t ( view1 we h treat$ ( ! false associations :i* h e>ly influ5ce ^u ! imag9ation1 & produce ! furi\s passions & mis]able vices4 ,! false associations :i* fir/ inspire ! "y & innoc5t m9d ) ! love ( weal?1 ( p[]1 or :at is falsely call$ pleasure1 are po9t$ out2 & "s practical h9ts are (f]$ to p>5ts1 :i* x is hop$ may t5d to pres]ve _! *ildr5 f ^! moral insanities4 ,we d n ?9k t p]sons :o are mu* us$ to *ildr51 w qu>rel ) u = :at we h said ( e>ly prodigies ( wit4 ,p1 :o m]ely talk to *ildr5 = ! amusem5t ( ! mom5t1 may admire _! lively nons5se1 & w probably ?9k ! simplicity ( m9d t we pref]1 is d[nright /upidity4 ,! habit ( reason+ is seldom le>n$ by *ildr5 :o are mu* tak5 notice ( = _! sprightly rep>tees2 b we h obs]v$ t *ildr51 aft] !y h le>n$ to reason1 z !y gr[ up & become acqua9t$ ) ! mann]s & cu/oms ( ! _w1 are by no means defici5t 9 tal5ts = conv]sation1 & 9 t species ( wit :i* dep5ds ^u ! p]ception ( analogy betwe5 ideas1 r ?an a play ^u words4 ,at all ev5ts1 we w\ld r t our pupils %\ld be )\t ! brilliancy ( wit1 ?an ! solid & ess5tial p[] ( judgm5t4 ,to cultivate ! judgm5t ( *ildr51 we mu/ beg9 by tea*+ !m accurately to exam9e & comp>e su* ext]nal objects z are imm$iately obvi\s to _! s5ses2 :5 !y beg9 to argue1 we mu/ be c>eful to make !m expla9 _! t]ms & abide by !m4 ,9 books & conv]sation1 !y mu/ avoid all bad reason+1 nor %\ld !y ev] be enc\rag$ 9 ! quibbl+ habit ( argu+ = victory4 ,prud5ce we consid] z comp\nd$ ( judgm5t & resolution4 ,:5 we tea* *ildr5 to reflect ^u & comp>e _! own feel+s1 :5 we frequ5tly give !m _! *oice 9 ?+s t are int]e/+ to !m1 we educate !m to be prud5t4 ,we _c tea* ?is virtue until *ildr5 h _h "s exp]i5ce2 z f> z _! exp]i5ce goes1 _! prud5ce may be ex]cis$4 ,^? :o reflect ^u _! own feel+s1 & f9d out exactly :at x is t makes !m happy1 are taught wisdom by a v few di/9ct lessons4 ,ev5 fools1 x is said1 gr[ wise by exp]i5ce1 b x is n until !y gr[ old "u h] rigid discipl9e4 ,economy is usually und]/ood to mean prud5ce 9 ! managem5t ( money2 we h us$ ?is ^w 9 a m enl>g$ s5se4 ,*ildr51 we h obs]v$1 may be economic ( any ?+ t is tru/$ to _! *>ge2 until !y h "s use = money1 !y ne$ n be tr\bl$ or tempt$ ) x3 if all ! necess>ies & conv5i5ces ( life are provid$ = !m1 !y mu/ sp5d :atev] is giv5 to !m z pocket money1 9 sup]fluities4 ,?is habituates !m e>ly to extravagance4 ,we d n appreh5d t "y p %\ld be entru/$ ) money1 till !y h be5 "s "t us$ to manage ! money bus9ess ( o!rs4 ,!y may be taught to keep ! acc\nts ( a family1 f :i* !y w le>n ! price & value ( diff]5t commodities4 ,all ?is1 our read]s w p]ceive1 is no?+ m ?an ! application ( ! diff]5t reason+ p[]s to diff]5t objects4 ,we h ?us slightly giv5 a summ>y ( ! *apt]s 9 ! prec$+ "w1 to recall ! :ole 9 a connect$ view to ! m9d2 a few simple pr9ciples run ?r\gh ! diff]5t p>ts2 all ! purposes ( practical education t5d to "o di/9ct object2 to r5d] our pupils good & wise1 t !y may enjoy ! greate/ possible %>e ( happ9ess at pres5t & 9 future4 ,p>5tal c>e & anxiety1 ! h\rs devot$ to ! in/ruction ( a family1 w n be ?r[n away2 if p>5ts h ! pati5ce to wait = _! rew>d1 t rew>d w f> surpass _! mo/ sangu9e expectations3 !y w f9d 9 _! *ildr5 agreeable companions1 s9c]e & affectionate fri5ds4 ,:e!r !y live 9 retirem5t1 or 9 ! busy _w1 !y w feel _! int]e/ 9 life increase1 _! pleasures multipli$ by sympa?y ) _! belov$ pupils2 !y w h a happy home4 ,h[ mu* is compris$ 9 t s+le expression6 ,! gratitude ( _! pupils w cont9ually recall to _! m9ds ! delightful reflection1 t ! felicity ( _! :ole family is _! "w2 t ! virtues & tal5ts ( _! *ildr5 are ! necess>y consequ5ces ( good education4 ,,footnotes3 #aaj ,turn f ! glitt]+ bribe y\r scornful eye1 ,nor sell = gold :at gold c nev] buy4 ,johnson's ,london4 #aaa ,emilius4 #aab ,ano!r spr+1 ano!r race supplies4 ,pope's ,hom]4 ,,notes1 ,,conta9+ ,,conv]sations ,,& ,,anecdotes ,,( ,,*ildr54 ,sev]al ye>s ago a "m1#aac :o _h a l>ge family to educate1 & :o _h turn$ h] att5tion ) mu* solicitude to ! subject ( education1 resolv$ to write notes f day to day ( all ! trifl+ ?+s :i* m>k ! progress ( ! m9d 9 *ildhood4 ,%e 0 ( op9ion1 t ! art ( education %\ld be consid]$ z an exp]im5tal sci5ce1 & t _m au?ors ( great abilities _h mi/ak5 _! road by foll[+ !ory in/ead ( practice4 ,! title ( ,practical ,education 0 *os5 by ?is lady1 & prefix$ to a little book = *ildr51 :i* %e began1 b did n live to f9i%4 ,! few notes :i* rema9 ( h] writ+1 are pres]v$1 n m]ely out ( respect to h] memory1 b because x is ?\ght t !y may be useful4 ,h] plan ( keep+ a regi/] ( ! rem>ks ( *ildr51 has at int]vals be5 pursu$ 9 h] family2 a numb] ( ^! anecdotes h be5 int]sp]s$ 9 ?is "w2 a few1 :i* did n seem imm$iately to suit ! didactic nature ( any ( our *apt]s1 rema91 & ) mu* hesitation & diffid5ce are (f]$ to ! public4 ,we h select$ su* anecdotes z may 9 "s measure illu/rate ! pr9ciples t we h endeav\r$ to e/abli%2 & we hope1 t f ^! trifl+1 b g5u9e conv]sations ( *ildr5 & p>5ts1 ! read] w di/9ctly p]ceive ! diff]5ce1 betwe5 practical & !oretic education4 ,z "s fur!r apology = (f]+ !m to ! public1 we recur to a passage 9 ,dr4 ,reid's#aad ,essays1 :i* enc\rages an attempt to /udy m9utely ! m9ds ( *ildr54 ,if we c\ld obta9 a di/9ct & full hi/ory ( all t ha? pass$ 9 ! m9d ( a *ild f ! beg9n+ ( life & s5sation till x gr[s up to ! use ( reason1 h[ its infant faculties began to "w1 & h[ !y br\ght =? & rip5$ all ! v>i\s notions1 op9ions1 & s5tim5ts1 :i* we f9d 9 ourselves :5 we come to be capable ( reflection1 ?is w\ld be a treasure ( natural hi/ory :i* w\ld probably give m light into ! human faculties1 ?an all ! sy/ems ( philosoph]s ab\t !m1 f ! beg9n+ ( ! _w4 ,! read]1 we hope1 w n imag9e t we ?9k we c pres5t him ) ?is treasure ( natural hi/ory2 we h only a few scatt]$ notices1 z ,bacon w\ld call !m1 to (f]2 p]haps1 ev5 ?is slight attempt may awak5 ! att5tion ( p]sons equal to ! und]tak+3 if able preceptors & p>5ts w\ld pursue a simil> plan1 we might1 9 "t1 hope to obta9 a full hi/ory ( ! infant m9d4 ,x may occur to p>5ts1 t writ+ notes ( ! rem>ks ( *ildr5 w\ld less5 _! fre$om & simplicity 9 conv]sation2 ?is w\ld c]ta9ly be ! case if c>e 7 n tak5 to prev5t ! pupils f ?9k+ ( ! note-book4#aae ,! foll[+ notes 7 nev] se5 by ! *ildr5 :o are m5tion$ 9 !m1 & ?\gh x 0 9 g5]al kn[n 9 ! family t su* notes 7 tak51 ! p>ticul> rem>ks t 7 writt5 d[n1 7 nev] kn[n to ! pupils3 nor 0 any curiosity excit$ ^u ?is subject4 ,! attempt w\ld h be5 imm$iately ab&on$1 if we _h p]ceiv$ t x produc$ any bad consequ5ces4 ,! simple language ( *ildhood has be5 pres]v$ )\t alt]ation 9 ! foll[+ notes2 & z we c\ld n devise any bett] arrangem5t1 we h foll[$ ! ord] ( "t1 & we h con/antly ins]t$ ! ages ( ! *ildr51 = ! satisfaction ( preceptors & p>5ts1 to :om alone ^! infant9e anecdotes c be int]e/+3 ,we say no?+ f>!r z to _! accuracy2 if ! read] does n see 9 ! anecdotes !mselves int]nal m>ks ( v]acity1 all we c\ld say w\ld be ( no avail4 ,x---- 7a girl ( five ye>s old7 ask$ :y a piece ( pap] fell quickly to ! gr\nd :5 rumpl$ up1 & :y s sl[ly :5 op5$4 ,y---- 7a girl ( ?ree ye>s & a half old7 see+ h] si/] tak5 c>e ( & nurs$ :5 %e _h *ilbla9s1 said1 t %e wi%$ to h *ilbla9s4 ,z---- 7a girl betwe5 two & ?ree7 :5 h] "m 0 putt+ on h] bonnet1 & :5 %e 0 go+ out to walk1 look$ at ! cat1 & said ) a pla9tive voice1 ,poor pussey6 y h no bonnet1 ,pussey6 ,x---- 7#e ye>s old7 ask$ :y %e 0 z tall z ! trees :5 %e 0 f> f !m4 ,z---- 7#d ye>s old7 w5t to *ur*1 & :5 %e 0 !re said1 ,d ^? m5 d e ?+ bett] ?an we1 because !y talk s l\d1 & ,i ?9k !y read4 ,x 0 a c\ntry *ur*1 & p sang2 b ! *ild said1 ,%e ?\ght !y didn't s+1 b ro>$1 because !y 7 %ut up 9 t place1 & didn't l x4 ,l---- 7a boy betwe5 #c & #d ye>s7 0 /&+ be=e a grate ) coals 9 x1 :i* 7 n light$2 8 "m said to him1 ,:at is ! use ( coals8 ,l----4 ,to put 9 y\r grate4 ,"m4 ,:y are !y put !re8 ,l----4 ,to make fire4 ,"m4 ,h[ d !y make fire8 ,l----4 ,fire is br\ght to !m4 ,"m4 ,h[ is fire br\ght to !m8 ,l----4 ,fire is br\ght to !m ^u a c&le & put to !m4 ,l----1 a little :ile aft]w>ds1 ask$ leave to light a c&le1 & :5 a bit ( pap] 0 giv5 to him = t purpose1 said1 ,b1 "m1 may ,i take "s light out ( y\r fire to put to x8 ,?is boy _h m exact ideas ( prop]ty ?an ,prome!us _h4 ,z----1 :5 %e 0 betwe5 five & six1 said1 ,wat] keeps ?+s alive1 & eat+ keeps alive *ildr54 ,z---- 7same age7 m$dl+ ) a fly1 said1 %e did n hurt x4 ,7 y ev] a fly8 said h] "m4 ,n t ,i "k (1 answ]$ ! *ild4 ,z----'s fa!r s5t h] into a room :]e !re 7 "s knives & =ks4 ,if y m$dle ) !m1 said he1 y may cut y\rself4 ,z----4 ,i won't cut myself4 ,fa!r4 ,c y be sure ( t8 ,z----4 ,no1 b ,i c take c>e4 ,fa!r4 ,b if y %\ld cut y\rself1 w\ld x d y any good8 ,z----4 ,no--,yes4 ,fa!r4 ,:at good8 ,z----4 ,n to d s ano!r "t4 ---- 7same age47 ,z----'s "m said to h]1 ,w y give me "s ( y\r fat *eeks8 ,z----4 ,no1 ,i _c1 x w\ld hurt me4 ,"m4 ,b if x w\ld n hurt y1 w\ld y give me "s8 ,z----4 ,no1 x w\ld make two holes 9 my *eeks t w\ld be disagreeable4 ,a s5tim5tal "m w\ld1 p]haps1 h be5 displeas$ ) ! simple answ]s ( ?is little girl4 7,vide ,sympa?y & ,s5sibility47 ,! foll[+ memor&ums ( ,mrs4 ,h----,e----'s 7dat$ #aggi7 h be5 ( great use to u 9 our *apt] ^u ,toys4 ,! play?+s ( *ildr5 %\ld be calculat$ to fix _! att5tion1 t !y may n get a habit ( do+ any ?+ 9 a li/less mann]4 ,!re are p]iods z long z two or ?ree mon?s at a "t1 9 ! lives ( "y *ildr51 :5 _! bodies appe> rem>kably active & vigor\s1 & _! m9ds dull & inanimate2 !y are at ^! times incapable ( compreh5d+ any new ideas1 & =getful ( ^? !y h already receiv$4 ,:5 ?is disposition to ex]t ! bodily faculties1 subsides1 *ildr5 %[ mu* re/lessness & di/a/e = _! usual plays4 ,! int]vals betwe5 meals1 appe> long to !m2 !y ask a multitude ( que/ions1 & are cont9ually look+ =w>d to "s future good2 if at ?is "t any m5tal employm5t be pres5t$ to !m1 !y receive x ) ! utmo/ avidity1 & pursue x ) assiduity2 _! m9ds appe> to h acquir$ additional p[]s f hav+ rema9$ inactive = a consid]able "t4 7,janu>y #agha47 ,z----1 7#g ye>s old47 ,:at are bones made (8 ,my fa!r says x has n be5 f\nd out4 ,if ,i %\ld f9d x out1 ,i %all be wis] 9 t respect ?an my fa!r4 7,april #h?47 ,z----4 ,:at becomes ( ! blood :5 p die8 ,fa!r4 ,x /ays 9 ! body4 ,z----4 ,i ?\ght x w5t out ( ! body2 because y told me1 t :at we eat 0 turn$ into blood1 & t blood n\ri%$ ! body & kept x alive4 ,fa!r4 ,yes1 my de>2 b blood mu/ be 9 motion to keep ! body alive2 ! he>t moves ! blood ?r\gh ! art]ies & ve9s1 & ! blood comes back aga9 to ! he>t4 ,we don't "k h[ ?is motion is p]=m$4 ,:at we eat1 is n turn$ at once into blood2 x is dissolv$ by some?+ 9 ! /oma*1 & is turn$ into some?+ :ite l milk1 :i* is call$ *yle2 ! *yle passes ?r\gh little pipes 9 ! body1 call$ lacteals1 & into ! ve9s & art]ies1 & becomes blood4 ,b ,i don't "k h[4 ,i w %[ y ! inside ( ! body ( a dead pig3 a pig's inside is some?+ l t ( a man4 ,z---- 7same age7 :5 h] fa!r _h giv5 h] an acc\nt ( a l>ge /one t 0 ?r[n to a consid]able di/ance f ,m\nt ,vesuvius at ! "t ( an eruption1 %e ask$1 h[ ! air c\ld keep a l>ge /one f fall+1 :5 x w\ld n support h] weight4 ,z----1 7same age7 :5 %e 0 read+ ! ,roman hi/ory1 0 ask$1 :at %e ?\ght ( ! conduct ( ! wife ( ,asdrubal4 ,z---- said %e did n l h]4 ,%e 0 ask$ :y4 ,! fir/ reason ,z---- gave = n lik+ ! lady1 01 t %e spoke l\d2 ! next1 t %e 0 unk9d to h] husb&1 & kill$ h] *ildr54 ,we regret 7?\gh p]haps our read]s may rejoice7 t sev]al ye>s elaps$ 9 :i* ^! little notes ( ! rem>ks ( *ildr5 7 discont9u$4 ,9 #agib ! foll[+ notes 7 begun by "o ( ! same family4 7,m>*1 '#ib47 ,mr4 ---- saw an ,iri% giant at ,bri/ol1 & :5 he came home1 ,mr4 ---- gave 8 *ildr5 a description ( ! giant4 ,8 height1 he said1 0 ab\t eight feet4 ,s---- 7a boy ( five ye>s old7 ask$ :e!r ?is giant _h liv$ mu* long] ?an o!r m54 ,fa!r4 ,no2 :y did y ?9k he _h liv$ long] ?an o!r m58 ,s----4 ,because he 0 s mu* tall]4 ,fa!r4 ,well4 ,s----4 ,& he _h s mu* m "t to gr[4 ,fa!r4 ,p1 aft] a c]ta9 age1 d n gr[ any m4 ,y\r si/] ,m----1 & ,i1 & y\r "m1 h n gr[n any tall] s9ce y c rememb]1 h we8 ,s----4 ,no2 b ,i h1 & ,b----1 & ,c----4 ,fa!r4 ,yes2 y are *ildr54 ,:il/ p are gr[+1 !y are *ildr52 aft] !y h done gr[+ !y are call$ m5 & wom54 7,april1 '#ib47 ,at tea-"t1 to-day1 somebody said t hot *ocolate scalds worse ?an hot tea or hot wat]4 ,mr4 ---- ask$ 8 *ildr5 if !y c\ld give any reason = ?is4 ,!y 7 sil5t4 ,mr4 ----4 ,if wat] be made z hot z x c be made1 & if *ocolate be made z hot z x c be made1 ! *ocolate w scald y ! mo/4 ,c y tell me :y6 ,c---- 7a girl betwe5 eight & n9e ye>s old47 ,because !re is oil1 ,i believe1 9 ! *ocolate2 & because x is ?ick]1 & ! p>ts clos] toge!r1 ?an 9 tea or wat]4 ,fa!r4 ,:at y say is true2 b y h n expla9$ ! reason yet4 ,well1 ,h----4 ,h---- 7a boy betwe5 n9e & t547 ,because !re is wat] 9 ! bubbles4 ,fa!r4 ,wat] 9 ! bubbles8 ,i don't und]/&4 ,wat] 9 :at bubbles8 ,h----4 ,i ?\ght ,i _h always se51 :5 wat] boils1 t !re are a great _m little bubbles ^u ! top4 ,fa!r4 ,well2 b :at has t to d ) ! "q ,i ask$ y8 ,h----4 ,because ! cold air t 0 9 ! bubbles1 w\ld cool ! wat] next !m1 & !n--7he 0 q confus$1 & /opp$47 ,b---- 7a girl ( t5 or elev5 ye>s old7 spoke next4 ,i ?\ght t *ocolate 0 mu* ?ick] ?an wat]1 & !re 7 m p>ts1 & ^? p>ts 7 clos] toge!r1 & ea* c\ld hold b a c]ta9 quantity ( heat2 & !re=e *ocolate c\ld be made hott] ?an wat]4 ,fa!r4 ,t is a good *emical idea4 ,y suppose t ! *ocolate & tea c be saturat$ ) heat4 ,b y h none ( y yet told ! reason4 ,! *ildr5 7 all sil5t4 ,fa!r4 ,c wat] ev] be made hott] ?an boil+ hot8 ,b----4 ,no4 ,fa!r4 ,:y8 ,b----4 ,i don't "k4 ,fa!r4 ,:at happ5s to wat] :5 x does :at we call boil8 ,h----4 ,x bubbles1 & makes a sort ( noise4 ,b----4 ,x turns into /eam or vap\r1 ,i believe4 ,fa!r4 ,all at once8 ,b----4 ,no3 b :at is at ! top1 fir/4 ,fa!r4 ,n[ y see ! reason :y wat] c't be made hott] ?an boil+ hot3 = if a c]ta9 degree ( heat be appli$ to x1 x *anges into ! =m ( vap\r1 & flies (f4 ,:5 ,i 0 a little boy1 ,i 0 once ne> hav+ a dreadful accid5t4 ,i _h n be5 taught ! nature ( wat]1 & /eam1 & heat1 & evaporation2 & ,i want$ to fill a wet holl[ /ick ) melt$ lead4 ,! mom5t ,i p\r$ ! lead into ! /ick1 ! wat] 9 ! wood turn$ into vap\r sudd5ly1 & ! lead 0 ?r[n up ) great viol5ce to ! ceil+3 my face n>r[ly escap$4 ,s y see p %\ld "k :at !y are ab\t be=e !y m$dle ) ?+s4--,b n[ z to ! *ocolate4 ,no "o seem$ to h any ?+ to say ab\t ! *ocolate4 ,fa!r4 ,wat]1 y "k1 boils ) a c]ta9 degree ( heat4 ,w oil1 d y ?9k1 boil ) ! same heat8 ,c----4 ,i don't und]/&4 ,fa!r4 ,9 ! same degree ( heat 7y mu/ le>n to accu/om y\rself to ^? words1 ?\gh !y seem difficult to y7--,9 ! same heat1 d y ?9k wat] or oil w\ld boil ! soone/8 ,none ( ! *ildr5 knew4 ,fa!r4 ,wat] w\ld boil ! soone/4 ,m heat is necess>y to make oil boil1 or turn into vap\r1 ?an to make wat] evaporate4 ,d y "k ( any ?+ :i* is us$ to det]m9e1 to %[1 & m>k1 to u ! diff]5t degrees ( heat8 ,b----4 ,yes2 a !rmomet]4 ,fa!r4 ,yes3 !rmomet] comes f two ,greek words1 "o ( :i* signifies heat1 & ! o!r measure4 ,met]1 means measure4 ,!rmomet] a measur] ( heat2 b>omet]1 a measur] ( ! weight ( ! air2 hygromet]1 a measur] ( moi/ure4 ,n[1 if y rememb]1 on ! !rmomet] y h se5 ^! words at a c]ta9 m>k1 ! heat ( boil+ wat]4 ,! quicksilv]1 9 a !rmomet]1 rises to t m>k :5 x is expos$ to t degree ( heat :i* w make ! wat] turn into vap\r4 ,n[ ! degree ( heat :i* is necess>y to make oil evaporate1 is n m>k$ on ! !rmomet]2 b x requires sev]al degrees m heat to evaporate oil1 ?an is necess>y to evaporate wat]4--,s n[ y "k t *ocolate1 conta9+ m oil ?an is conta9$ 9 tea1 x c be made hott] be=e x turns into vap\r4 ,*ildr5 may be l$ to acquire a ta/e = *emi/ry by slight h9ts 9 conv]sation4 7,july #bb;d1 #agid47 ,fa!r4 ,s----1 c y tell me :at is meant by a body's fall+8 ,s---- 7sev5 ye>s old47 ,a body's fall+1 means a body's dy+1 ,i believe4 ,fa!r4 ,by body1 ,i don't mean a p]son1 b any ?+4 ,:at is meant by any ?+'s fall+8 ,s----4 ,com+ d[n f a high place4 ,fa!r4 ,:at d y mean by a high place8 ,s----4 ,a place high] ?an places usually are2 high] ?an ! gr\nd4 ,fa!r4 ,:at d y mean by ! gr\nd8 ,s----4 ,! e>?4 ,fa!r4 ,:at %ape d y ?9k ! e>? is8 ,s----4 ,r\nd4 ,fa!r4 ,:y d y ?9k x is r\nd8 ,s----4 ,because ,i h he>d a great _m p say s4 ,fa!r4 ,! %ad[4--,x is s difficult to expla9 to y1 my de>1 :y we ?9k t ! e>? is r\nd1 t ,i w n attempt x yet4 ,x is bett]1 z we h (t5 obs]v$1 to avoid all imp]fect explanations1 :i* give *ildr5 confus$ ideas4 7,augu/ #ah?1 #agid47 ,ma/] ---- came to see u1 & taught ,s---- to fi% = m9n[s4 ,x 0 expla9$ to ,s----1 t fi%+ ) worms = baits1 tortures ! worms4 ,no o!r argum5t 0 us$1 no s5tim5tal exclamations made ^u ! occasion2 & ,s---- fi%$ no m1 nor did he ev] m5tion ! subject aga94 ,*ildr5 sometimes appe> cruel1 :5 9 fact !y d n "k t !y give pa9 to animals4 7,july #bg?1 #agid47 ,s---- saw a beautiful ra9b[1 & he said1 ,i wi% ,i c\ld walk ov] t f9e ar*4 ,?is is "o ( ! pleasures ( ,ariel1 & ( ! ,sylphs 9 ! ,rape ( ! ,lock4 ,s---- 0 n prais$ = a poetic wi%1 le/ he %\ld h le>nt affectation4 7,septemb] #c;d1 #agid47 ,mr4 ---- attempt$ to expla9 to ,b----1 ,h----1 ,s----1 & ,c----1 ! nature ( insurance1 & ! day aft]w>ds he ask$ !m to expla9 x to him4 ,!y none ( !m und]/ood x1 except ,b----1 :o c\ld n1 h[ev]1 expla9 x1 ?\gh %e did und]/& x4 ,! t]ms 7 all new to !m1 & !y _h no %ips to insure4 7,septemb] #ai?47 ,at d9n] to-day1 ,s---- 7sev5 ye>s old7 said to 8 si/] ,c----1 ,:at is ! "n ( t man t my fa!r 0 talk+ to1 t s\nd$ l ,idem1 ,isdal1 or ,iz>d1 ,i believe4 ,iz>d6 said somebody at table1 t "n s\nds l ,liz>d2 yes1 !re is a family ( ! ,liz>ds 9 ! ,gu>dian4 ,s----4 ,a real family8 ,mr4 ----4 ,no1 my de>3 a "n giv5 to suppos$ *>act]s4 ,m----4 ,wasn't x "o ( ! "y ,liz>ds :o w\ld prove to 8 "m1 :5 %e _h j scald$ h] f+]s ) boil+ wat] out ( ! tea-kittle1 t !re's no m heat 9 fire t heats y1 ?an pa9 9 ! /ick t beats y6 ,mr4 ----4 ,yes2 ,i ?9k t "* has done h>m2 x has ?r[n a ridicule ^u metaphysical disquisitions4 ,mrs4----4 ,are n ^? l9es ab\t ! pa9 9 ! /ick 9 ! ',lett]#aaf to my ,si/]s at ,crux ,ea/on1' 9 ,dodsley's poems8 ,mr4 ----4 ,yes2 b !y come orig9ally f ,hudibras1 y "k4 ,9 slight conv]sations1 su* z ^!1 :i* are n contriv$ = ! purpose1 ! curiosity ( *ildr5 is awak5$ to lit]ature2 !y see ! use :i* p make ( :at !y read1 & !y le>n to talk freely ab\t :at !y meet ) 9 books4 ,:at a v>iety ( ?\ghts came 9 a few in/ants f ,s----'s "q ab\t ,idem6 7,novemb] #h?1 #agie47 ,mr4 ---- read ! fir/ *apt] ( ,hugh ,trevor to u2 :i* conta9s ! hi/ory ( a passionate f>m]1 :o 0 9 a rage ) a goose because x w\ld n eat "s oats :i* he (f]$ x4 ,he tore (f ! w+s ( ! animal1 & twi/$ (f its neck2 he bit (f ! e> ( a pig1 because x squeal$ :5 he 0 r++ x2 he ran at 8 appr5tice ,hugh ,trevor ) a pit*-=k1 because he suspect$ t he _h drank "s milk2 ! pit*-=k /uck 9 a door4 ,hugh ,trevor !n told ! passionate f>m]1 t ! dog ,j[l] _h drank ! milk1 b t he w\ld n tell ?is be=e1 because he knew 8 ma/] w\ld h hang$ ! dog4 ,s---- admir$ ,hugh ,trevor = ?is extremely4 ,! f>m] 9 8 lucid int]vals is extremely p5it5t1 b 8 fit ( rage seizes him aga9 "o morn+ :5 he sees "s milk boil+ ov]4 ,he flies at ,hugh ,trevor1 & /abs him ) a clasp knife1 ) :i* he _h be5 cutt+ bread & *eese2 ! knife is /opp$ by half a cr[n :i* ,hugh ,trevor _h sew$ 9 8 wai/coat2 ?is half cr[n he _h f\nd on ! highway a few days be=e4 ,x 0 d\bt$ by ,miss ,m4 ,s----1 :e!r ?is la/ 0 a prop] circum/ance to be told to *ildr51 because x might lead !m to be di%one/4 ,! ev5+ aft] ,mr4 ---- _h read ! /ory1 he ask$ ,s---- to repeat x to him4 ,s---- rememb]$ x1 & told x di/9ctly till he came to ! half cr[n2 at ?is circum/ance he hesitat$4 ,he said he did n "k h[ ,hugh ,trevor came to keep x1 ?\gh he _h f\nd x4 ,he wond]$ t ,hugh ,trevor did n ask ab\t x4 ,mr4 ---- expla9$ to him1 t :5 a p]son f9ds any ?+ ^u ! highway1 he %\ld put x 9 ! h& ( ! public cri]1 :o %\ld cry x4 ,mr4 ---- 0 n q c]ta9 :e!r ! prop]ty f\nd on ! high road1 aft] x has be5 cri$ & no own] appe>s1 belongs to ! k+1 or to ! p]son :o f9ds x4 ,black/one's ,comm5t>ies 7 consult$2 ! passage conc]n+ ,treasuretrove 0 read to ,s----2 x is writt5 9 su* di/9ct language1 t he und]/ood x completely4 ,"y p may acquire mu* k by consult+ books1 at ! mom5t t any int]e/ is excit$ by conv]sation ^u p>ticul> subjects4 ,explanations ab\t ! law 7 detail$ to ,s----1 because he 0 int5d$ = a lawy]4 ,9 conv]sation we may direct ! att5tion ( *ildr5 to :at are to be _! pr(essional /udies1 & we may associate ent]ta9m5t & pleasure ) ! idea ( _! future pr(ession4 ,! /ory ( ! passionate f>m] 9 ,hugh ,trevor 0 ?\ght to be a good lesson = *ildr5 ( vivaci\s temp]s1 z x %[s to :at crimes excess ( passion may transport4 ,?is man appe>s an object ( compassion2 all ! *ildr5 felt a mixture ( pity & abhorr5ce :5 !y he>d ! hi/ory ( 8 disease4 7,novemb] #bc;d1 #agie47 ,?is morn+ at breakfa/ ,miss ---- obs]v$1 t ! inside ( ! cream cov]1 :i* 0 made ( black ,w$gwood's w>e1 look$ br[n & speckl$1 z if ! glaz+ _h be5 worn away2 %e ask$ :e!r ?is 0 caus$ by ! cream4 ,"o ( ! company imm$iately exclaim$1 ,oh6 ,i've he>d t ,w$gwood's w>e won't hold oil4 ,mr4 ---- obs]v$1 t x w\ld be be/ to try ! exp]im5t1 in/ead ( re/+ cont5t ) ?is he>say evid5ce2 he ask$ ,h---- & ,s---- :at w\ld be ! be/ me?od ( try+ ! exp]im5t exactly4 ,s---- propos$ to p\r oil into a vessel ( ,w$gwood's w>e1 & to measure ! dep? ( ! oil :5 fir/ put 92 to leave ! oil 9 ! vessel = "s "t1 & !n to measure aga9 ! dep? ( ! oil4 ,h---- said1 ,i w\ld weigh ! ,w$gwood's w>e vessel2 !n p\r oil into x1 & weigh x 7!m7 aga92 !n ,i w\ld leave ! oil 9 ! vessel = "s "t1 & aft]w>ds ,i w\ld p\r out ! oil1 & w\ld weigh ! vessel to see if x _h ga9$ any weight2 & !n weigh ! oil to f9d out :e!r x _h lo/ any weight s9ce x 0 put into ! vessel4 ,h----'s s*eme 0 approv$4 ,a black ,w$gwood's w>e salt-cell> 0 weigh$ 9 accurate scales2 x weigh$ #aaif gra9s2 #aaj gra9s ( oil 7 p\r$ into x2 total weight ( ! salt-cell> & oil1 #acjf grs4 ,six mon?s aft]w>ds1 ! salt-cell> 0 produc$ to ! *ildr51 :o 7 a/oni%$ to see t ! oil _h disappe>$4 ,! lady1 :o _h fir/ ass]t$ t ,w$gwood's w>e w\ld n hold oil1 0 incl9$ to believe t ! oil _h ooz$ ?r\gh ! pores ( ! salt-cell>2 b ! little spectators ?\ght x 0 m probable t ! oil might h be5 accid5tally spill$2 ! salt-cell> weigh$ z be=e #aaif gra9s4 ,! exp]im5t 0 repeat$1 & ?is "t x 0 resolv$ to lock up ! salt-cell>1 t x might n aga9 be ?r[n d[n4 7,april #ad?1 #agif47 ,into ! same salt-cell> #ajj gra9s weight ( oil 0 p\r$ 7total weight #abif gra9s47 ,! salt-cell> 0 put on a sauc]1 & cov]$ ) a glass tumbl]4 7,june #c;d1 #agif47 ,mr4 ---- weigh$ ! salt-cell>1 & f\nd t ) ! oil x weigh$ precisely ! same z be=e1 #abif gra9s2 )\t ! oil1 #aaif gra9s1 its orig9al weight3 !re=e x 0 cle> t ! ,w$gwood's w>e _h nei!r imbib$ ! oil1 nor let x pass ?r\gh its pores4 ,?is little exp]im5t has n be5 ?us m9utely told = philosoph]s1 b = *ildr52 h[ev] trivial ! subject1 x is useful to tea* *ildr5 e>ly to try exp]im5ts4 ,ev5 ! weigh+ & calculat+ 9 ?is exp]im5t1 amus$ !m1 & gave "s ideas ( ! exactness necess>y to prove any fact4 7,dec4 #a/1 #agie47 ,s---- 7#h ye>s old7 9 read+ ,gay's fable ( ! pa9t] :o pleas$ e body & nobody1 0 delight$ to he> t ! pa9t] put 8 pallet ^u 8 ?umb1 because ,s---- _h se5 a little pallet ( 8 si/] ,a----'s1 :i* %e us$ to put on h] ?umb4 ,s---- _h be5 mu* amus$ by ?is1 & he 0 v fond ( ?is si/]1 :o _h be5 abs5t = "s "t4 ,association makes slight circum/ances agreeable to *ildr52 if we d n "k ^! associations1 we are surpris$ at _! expressions ( delight4 ,x is useful to trace !m4 7,vide ,*ap4 on ,imag9ation47 ,s---- seem$ puzzl$ :5 he read t ! pa9t] dipp$ 8 p5cil1 talk$ ( ,greece4 ,:y did he talk ( ,greece8 said ,s---- ) a look ( a/oni%m5t4 ,^u inquiry1 x 0 f\nd t ,s---- mi/ook ! ^w ,greece = ,grease6 ,x 0 expla9$ to him1 t ,grecian /atues & ,grecian figures are g5]ally ?\ght to be p>ticul>ly graceful & well execut$2 t1 !re=e1 pa9t]s att5d to !m4 7,dec4 #a/1 #agie47 ,aft] d9n] to-day1 ,s---- 0 look+ at a little black too?pick-case ( 8 fa!r's2 8 fa!r ask$ him if he knew :at x 0 made (4 ,! *ildr5 guess$ diff]5t ?+s2 wood1 horn1 bone1 pap]1 pa/ebo>d1 glue4 ,mr4 ----4 ,in/ead ( exam9+ ! too?pick-case1 ,s----1 y hold x 9 y\r h&1 & turn y\r eyes away f x1 t y may ?9k ! bett]4 ,n[1 :5 ,i want to f9d out any ?+ ab\t a p>ticul> object1 ,i keep my eye fix$ ^u x4 ,obs]ve ! texture ( t too?pick-case1 if y want to "k ! mat]ials ( :i* x is made2 look at ! edges1 feel x4 ,s----4 ,may ,i smell x8 ,mr4 ----4 ,oh yes4 ,y may use all y\r s5ses4 ,s---- 7feel+ ! too?pick-case1 smell+ x1 & look+ closely at x47 ,x is black1 & smoo?1 & /rong & light4 ,:at is1 let me see1 bo? /rong & light1 & x w b5d--p>*m5t4 ,mr4 ----4 ,t is a good guess2 b y are n q "r yet4 ,:at is p>*m5t8 ,i ?9k by y\r look t y don't "k4 ,s----4 ,is x n pap] pa/$ toge!r8 ,mr4 ----4 ,no2 ,i ?\ght y mi/ook pa/ebo>d = p>*m5t4 ,s----4 ,is p>*m5t sk98 ,mr4 ----4 ,( :at8 ,s----4 ,animals4 ,mr4 ----4 ,:at animal8 ,s----4 ,i don't "k4 ,mr4 ----4 ,p>*m5t is ! sk9 ( %eep4 ,b ,s----1 don't keep ! too?pick-case 9 y\r h&1 pu% x r\nd ! table to y\r neighb\rs1 t e body may look aga9 be=e !y guess4 ,i ?9k1 = c]ta9 reasons ( my own1 t ,h---- w guess "r4 ,h----4 ,oh ,i "k :at x is n[6 ,h---- _h lately made a pump1 ! pi/on ( :i* 0 made ( lea!r2 ! lea!r _h be5 wett$1 & !n =c$ ?r\gh a m\ld ( ! prop] size4 ,h---- recollect$ ?is1 z ,mr4 ---- ?\ght he w\ld1 & guess$ t ! case might h be5 made ( lea!r1 & by a simil> process4 ,s----4 ,is x made ( ! sk9 ( "s animal8 ,mr4 ----4 ,yes2 b :at d y mean by ! sk9 ( "s animal8 ,:at d y call x8 ,s---- 7laugh+47 ,oh1 lea!r6 lea!r6 ,h----4 ,yes1 x's made ! same way t ! pi/on ( my pump is made1 ,i suppose4 ,m----4 ,c\ld n %oes be made 9 ! same mann] 9 a m\ld8 ,mr4 ----4 ,yes2 b !re w\ld be "o disadvantage2 ! %oes w\ld lose _! %ape z soon z !y 7 wet2 & ! sole & upp] lea!r mu/ be ne>ly ( ! same ?ickness4 ,s----4 ,is ! tookpick-case made out ( any p>ticul> k9d ( lea!r8 ,i wi% ,i c\ld make "o6 ,m----4 ,y h a bit ( gre5 lea!r1 w y give x to me8 ,i'll pun* x out l ,h's pi/on2 b ,i don't exactly "k h[ ! too?pick-case 0 made into ! "r %ape4 ,mr4 ----4 ,x 0 made 9 ! same mann] 9 :i* silv] p5cil-cases & ?imbles are made4 ,if y take a ?9 piece ( silv]1 or ( any ductile mat]ial1 & lay x ov] a concave m\ld1 y c readily imag9e t y c make ! ?91 ductile mat]ial take ! %ape ( any m\ld into :i* y put x2 & y may g on =c+ x into m\lds ( diff]5t dep?s1 till at la/ ! plate ( silv] w h be5 %ap$ into a cyl9drical =m2 a ?imble1 a p5cil-case1 a too?pick-case1 or any simil> figure4 ,we h obs]v$ 7,v4 ,me*anics7 t *ildr5 %\ld h "s g5]al idea ( me*anics be=e !y g into ! l>ge manufactories2 ?is c be giv5 to !m f "t to "t 9 conv]sation1 :5 little circum/ances occur1 :i* naturally lead to ! subject4 7,novemb] #cj?1 #agie47 ,s---- said he lik$ ! beg9n+ ( ,gay's fable ( ,! man & ! flea1 v mu*1 b he c\ld n tell :at 0 meant by ! crab's crawl+ beside ! coral grove1 & he>+ ! ocean roll above4 ,! ocean _c roll above1 c x "m8 ,"m4 ,yes1 :5 ! animal is crawl+ bel[ he he>s ! wat] roll+ above him4 ,m----4 ,coral groves mean ! bran*es ( coral :i* look l trees2 y saw "s at ,bri/ol 9 ,mr4 ,b----'s collection4 ,! difficulty ,s---- f\nd 9 und]/&+ coral groves1 confirms :at has be5 obs]v$1 t *ildr5 %\ld nev] read poetry )\t its be+ ?or\ghly expla9$ to !m4 7,vide ,*apt] on ,books47 7,janu>y #aj?1 #agie47 ,s---- 7#h ye>s old7 said t he _h be5 ?9k+ ab\t ! w9d2 & he believ$ t x 0 ! e>?'s turn+ r\nd t made ! w9d4 ,m----4 ,!n h[ comes x t ! w9d does n bl[ always ! same way8 ,s----4 ,aye1 t's ! ?+ ,i c't make out2 besides1 p]haps ! air w\ld /ick to ! e>? z x turns r\nd1 z ?reads /ick to my sp9n+ top1 & g r\nd ) x4 7,janu>y #d?1 #agie47 ,z we 7 talk+ ( ! k+ ( ,pol&'s little dw>f1 ,s---- recollect$ by contra/ ! ,iri% giant :om he _h se5 at ,bri/ol4 ,i lik$ ! ,iri% giant v mu*1 because1 said ,s----1 ?\gh he 0 s l>ge1 he 0 n surly2 & :5 my fa!r ask$ him to take out 8 %oe-buckle to try :e!r x w\ld cov] my foot1 he did n seem 9 a hurry to d x4 ,i suppose he did n wi% to %[ h[ little ,i 04 ,*ildr5 are nice obs]v]s ( t k9d ( polit5ess :i* arises f good nature2 !y may h5ce le>n :at really pleases 9 mann]s1 )\t be+ taught grimace4 ,dw>fs & giants l$ u to ,gulliv]'s ,travels4 ,s---- _h nev] read !m1 b "o ( ! company n[ gave him "s g5]al acc\nt ( ,lilliput & ,brobdignag4 ,he ?\ght ! acc\nt ( ! little p m ent]ta9+ ?an t ( ! l>ge ones2 ! c>riage ( ,gulliv]'s hat by a team ( ,lilliputian horses1 div]t$ him2 b1 :5 he 0 told t ! que5 ( ,brobdignag's dw>f /uck ,gulliv] "o day at d9n] into a m>r[ bone1 ,s---- look$ grave1 & seem$ r %ock$ ?an amus$2 he said1 ,x mu/ h almo/ suffocat$ poor ,gulliv]1 & mu/ h spoil$ 8 clo!s4 ,s---- wond]$ ( :at clo? !y c\ld make him new clo!s1 because ! clo? 9 ,brobdignag mu/ h be5 too ?ick1 & z ?ick z a bo>d4 ,he also wi%$ to "k :at sort ( glass 0 us$ to glaze ! w9d[s 9 ,gulliv]'s wood5 h\se2 because1 said he1 _! common glass mu/ h be5 s ?ick t x w\ld n h be5 transp>5t to ,gulliv]4 ,he ?\ght t ,gulliv] mu/ h be5 extremely afraid ( sett+ 8 small wood5 h\se on fire4 ,m----4 ,:y m afraid ?an we are8 ,8 h\se 0 z l>ge = ,gulliv] z our h\se is = u4 ,s----4 ,yes1 b :at makes ! fire mu/ h be5 s mu* l>g]6 ,"o c9d]1 "o sp>k ( !irs w\ld h fill$ 8 little grate4 ,& h[ did he d to read _! books8 ,s---- 0 told t ,gulliv] /ood at ! topmo/ l9e ( ! page1 & ran along z fa/ z he read1 till he got to ! bottom ( ! page4 ,x 0 sugge/$1 t ,gulliv] might h us$ a dim9i%+ glass4 ,s----imm$iately exclaim$1 ,h[ ent]ta9+ x mu/ h be5 to him to look ?r\gh _! telescopes4 ,an in/ance ( inv5tion aris+ f contra/4 ,if ! conv]sation _h n "h be5 int]rupt$1 ,s---- w\ld probably h inv5t$ a great] v>iety ( pleasures & difficulties = ,gulliv]2 8 eag]ness to read ,gulliv]'s ,travels1 0 increas$ by ?is conv]sation4 ,we %\ld let *ildr5 ex]cise _! inv5tion ^u all subjects1 & n tell !m ! :ole ( e ?+1 & all ! +5i\s p>ts ( a /ory4 ,sometimes !y inv5t ^!1 & are !n int]e/$ to see h[ ! real au?or has manag$ !m4 ,?us *ildr5's love = lit]ature may be increas$1 & ! activity ( _! m9ds may be ex]cis$4 ,le secret d'ennuy]1 says an au?or#aag :o nev] tires u1 ,le secret d'ennuy] e/ celui de t\t dire4 ,?is may be appli$ to ! art ( education4 7,v4 ,att5tion1 ,memory1 & ,inv5tion47 7,janu>y #ag?1 #agif47 ,s----4 ,i don't und]/& ab\t ! tides4 ,h---- 7#ac ye>s old47 ,! moon1 :5 x comes ne> ! e>?1 draws up ! sea by ! middle2 attracts x1 & z ! middle rises1 ! wat] runs d[n f t aga9 into ! *annels ( riv]s4 ,s----4 ,b--,hum6--! moon attracts ! sea2 b :y does n ! sun attract x by ! middle z well z ! moon8 ,h[ c y be sure t x is ! moon t does x8 ,mr4 ----4 ,we are n sure t ! moon is ! cause ( tides4 ,we %\ld nev] =ce any sy/em ^u ! belief ( *ildr52 b wait till !y c und]/& all ! argum5ts on ea* side ( ! "q4 7,janu>y #ah?1 #agif47 ,s---- 7#i ye>s old47 ,fa!r1 ,i h ?\ght ( a reason = ! w9d's bl[+4 ,:5 !re has be5 a hot sun%9y day1 & :5 ! gr\nd has be5 wet1 ! sun attracts a great deal ( vap\r3 !n t vap\r mu/ h room1 s x mu/ pu% away "s air to make room = itself2 besides1 vap\r swells ) heat1 s x mu/ h a great1 great deal ( room z x gr[s hott]1 & hott]2 & ! mov+ ! air to make way = x1 mu/ make w9d4 ,x is probable1 t if *ildr5 are n e>ly taught by rote words :i* !y _c und]/&1 !y w ?9k = !mselves2 &1 h[ev] /range _! incipi5t !ories may appe>1 !re is hope = ! improvem5t ( *ildr5 z long z _! m9ds are active4 7,febru>y #ac?1 #agif47 ,s----4 ,h[ d physicians try new m$ic9es8 ,if !y are n sure !y w succe$1 !y may be hang$ = murd]1 mayn't !y8 ,x is cruel to try !m 7!m meant m$ic9es7 on animals2 besides1 all animals are n ! same z m54 ,a pig's inside is ! mo/ l t ( a man4 ,i rememb] my fa!r %[$ u ! inside ( a pig once4 ,"s "t aft]w>ds1 ,s---- inquir$ :at 0 meant by ! circulation ( ! blood4 ,h[ are we sure t x does move8 ,y told me t x doesn't move aft] we die1 !n nobody c h se5 x really mov+ 9 ! ve9s2 t beat+ t ,i feel 9 my pulse does n feel l any ?+ runn+ backw>ds & =w>ds2 x beats up & d[n4 ,! lady to :om ,s---- address$ ^! que/ions & obs]vations1 un=tunately c\ld n give him any in=mation ^u ?is subject1 b %e _h at lea/ ! prud5ce1 or hone/y1 to tell ! boy t %e did n "k any ?+ ab\t ! matt]4 ,s---- %\ld h be5 %[n ! circulation ( ! blood 9 fi%es3 :i* he might h se5 by a microscope4 ,*ildr5's m9ds turn to su* inquiries2 surely1 if !y are int5d$ = physicians1 ^! are ! mom5ts to give !m a ta/e = _! future pr(ession1 by associat+ pleasure ) in/ruction1 & connect+ ) ! eag]ness ( curiosity ! hope ( mak+ discov]ies2 a hope :i* all vivaci\s "y p /rongly feel4 7,febru>y #af?47 ,s---- object$ to t fable ( ,phdrus 9 :i* x is said1 t a boy ?rew a /one at sop1 & t sop told ! boy to ?r[ a /one at ano!r pass5g]1 po9t+ to a ri* man4 ,! boy did z sop desir$1 & ! ri* man _h ! boy hang$4 ,s---- said1 t he ?\ght t sop %\ld h be5 hang$1 because sop 0 ! cause ( ! boy's fault4 ,h[ little suit$ political fables are to *ildr54 ,?is fable1 :i* 0 meant to %[1 we suppose1 t ! ri* c\ld n1 l ! poor1 be insult$ ) impunity1 0 q un9telligible to a boy 7n9e ye>s old7 ( simple und]/&+4 7,july #ai?1 #agif47 ,among/ ,vulg> err\rs1 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne might h m5tion$ ! common notion1 t if y take a h5 & hold h] head d[n to ! gr\nd1 & draw a circle ( *alk r\nd h]1 %e w be en*ant$ by ?is magical op]ation s t %e _c /ir4 ,we det]m9$ to try ! exp]im5t1 = :i* ,dr4 ,johnson w\ld h laugh$ at u1 z he laugh$ at ,br[ne#aah = try+ ! hopeless exp]im5t ab\t ! magnetic dials4 ,a h5's head 0 held d[n ^u a /one flag1 & a *alk l9e 0 drawn be=e h]2 %e did n move4 ,! same h5 0 put into a circle ( *alk t _h be5 previ\sly drawn = h] reception2 h] head 0 held d[n accord+ to ! lett] ( ! *>m1 & %e did n move2 l9e or circle app>5tly op]at$ alike4 ,x 0 sugge/$ 7by ,a----7 t p]haps ! h5 0 fright5$ by h] head's be+ held d[n to ! gr\nd1 & t ! *alk l9e & circle _h no?+ to d ) ! bus9ess4 ,! h5 0 c>ri$ out ( sight ( ! magic l9e & circle1 h] head 0 held d[n to ! gr\nd z be=e2 & :5 ! p]son :o _h held h]1 g5tly )drew 8 h&1 %e did n move4 ,%e did n = "s in/ants recov] f h] t]ror2 or1 p]haps1 ! feel+ ( pressure seem$ to h] to rema9 ^u h] head aft] ! h& 0 )drawn4 ,*ildr5 :o are accu/om$ to d\bt1 & to try exp]im5ts1 w n be dupes to ,vulg> err\rs4 7,july #bj?1 #agif47 ,s---- 7betwe5 #i & #aj7 :5 he he>d a lady propose to make use ( a small glass tumbl] to hold pomatum1 made a face expressive ( great disgu/2 he 0 begg$ to give a reason = 8 dislike4 ,s---- said x appe>$ to him dirty & disagreeable to put pomatum into a tumbl] out ( :i* we are us$ to dr9k w9e or wat]4 ,we h obs]v$1 7,v4 ,*apt] on ,ta/e & ,imag9ation7 t *ildr5 may e>ly be l$ to reflect ^u ! cause ( _! ta/es4 7,july #bd?1 #agif47 ,s---- obs]v$1 t ! la*rymal sack is l ,ab\lcasem's cup1 79 ! ,p]sian tales47 ,x is empti$ & fills aga9 ( itself2 ?\gh x is empti$ ev] s (t51 x cont9ues full4 ,! p[] ( reason+ _h be5 m cultivat$ 9 ,s---- ?an ! ta/e = wit or allusion2 yet x seems 8 m9d 0 n defective 9 t quickness ( seiz+ resemblances :i* may lead to wit4 ,he 0 n prais$ = ! la*rymal sack1 & ,ab\lcasem's cup4 7,v4 ,*apt] on ,wit & ,judgm5t47 7,augu/ #c;d1 #agif47 ,c---- 7#aa ye>s old7 aft] %e _h he>d a description ( a fire eng9e1 said1 ,i want to read ! description ( ! fire eng9e ov] aga91 = :il/ my fa!r 0 describ+ "o p>ticul> "p1 ,i recollect$ some?+ t ,i _h he>d be=e1 & t took my att5tion q away f :at he 0 say+4 ,v (t5 :5 ,i am li/5+1 some?+ t is said puts me 9 m9d ( some?+1 & !n ,i g on ?9k+ ( t1 & ,i _c he> :at is said any long]4 ,preceptors %\ld li/5 to ! obs]vations t _! pupils make ^u _! m9ds2 ?is rem>k ( ,c----sugge/$ to u "s ideas t h be5 detail$ 9 ! ,*apt] on ,att5tion4 7,augu/ #a/1 #agif47 ,s----1 :o _h be5 translat+ "s ( ,ovid's ,metamorphoses to 8 fa!r1 exclaim$1 ,i hate ^? anci5t gods & goddesses1 !y are s wick$6 ,i wi% ,i 0 ,p]seus1 & _h 8 %ield1 ,i w\ld fly up to heav5 & turn ,jupit]1 & ,apollo1 & ,v5us into /one2 !n !y w\ld be too heavy to /ay 9 heav51 & !y w\ld tumble d[n to e>?2 & !n !y w\ld be /one /atues1 & we %\ld h mu* f9] /atues ( ,apollo & ,v5us ?an any !y h n[ at ,rome4 7,septemb] #aj?1 #agif47 ,s---- 7)9 a mon? ( t5 ye>s old7 read to 8 si/] ,m---- "p ( ,dr4 ,d>w9's *apt] ^u in/9ct2 t "p 9 :i* !re is an acc\nt ( "y birds :o le>n to s+ f ! birds :o take c>e ( !m1 n f _! p>5ts4 ,s---- imm$iately recollect$ a /ory :i* he _h read la/ w9t] 9 ! ,annual ,regi/]4 ,extract f ,b>r+ton's ,rem>ks ^u s++ ,birds4 ,!re 0 a silly boy once 7y "k1 si/]1 boys are silly sometimes7 :o us$ to play 9 a room :]e 8 "m _h a night+ale 9 a cage1 & ! boy took out ( ! cage ! night+ale's eggs1 & put 9 "s o!r bird's eggs 7a swall['s1 ,i ?9k7 & ! night+ale hat*$ !m1 & :5 ! swall[s grew up !y sang l night+ales4 ,:5 ,s---- _h done read+1 he look$ at ! title ( ! book4 ,he _h (t5 he>d 8 fa!r speak ( ,zoonomia1 & he knew t ,dr4 ,d>w9 0 ! au?or ( x4 ,s----4 ,oh1 ho6 ,zoonomia6 ,dr4 ,d>w9 wrote x2 x is v ent]ta9+3 my fa!r told me t :5 ,i read ,zoonomia1 ,i %\ld "k ! reason :y ,i /ret* myself :5 ,i am tir$4 ,b1 si/]1 !re is "o ?+ ,i read ab\t ! cuckoo t ,i did n q und]/&4 ,may ,i look at x aga98 ,he read ! foll[+ passage4 ,= a h5 tea*es ?is language ) ease to ! duckl+s %e has hat*$ f supposititi\s eggs1 & educates z h] own (fspr+2 & ! wag-tails or h$ge-sp>r[s le>n x f ! "y cuckoo1 _! fo/] nursl+1 & supply him ) food long aft] he c fly ab\t1 :5ev] !y he> 8 cuckoo+1 :i* ,l9nu tells u is 8 call ( hung]4 ,s---- ask$ :at ,dr4 ,d>w9 meant by le>ns x4 ,m----4 ,le>ns a language4 ,s----4 ,:at does fo/] nursl+ mean8 ,m----4 ,x "h means a bird t is nurs$ along ) ano!r1 b t has n ! same p>5ts4 ,s----4 ,!n1 does x n mean t ! sp>r[s le>n f _! fo/] si/]1 ! cuckoo1 to say ,cuckoo6 ,m----4 ,no2 ! sp>r[ don't le>n to say cuckoo1 b !y le>n to und]/& :at he means by t cry2 t he is hungry4 ,s----4 ,well1 b !n ,i ?9k ?is is a pro( aga9/ :at ,dr4 ,d>w9 means ab\t in/9ct4 ,m----4 ,:y8 ,h[8 ,s----4 ,because ! "y cuckoo does say cuckoo6 )\t be+ taught1 x does n le>n f ! sp>r[s4 ,h[ comes x to say cuckoo at all1 if x is n by in/9ct8 ,x does n see its own fa!r & "m4 ,we give ?is conv]sation z a pro( t our "y pupils 7 accu/om$ to ?9k ab\t e ?+ t !y read4 7,nov4 #h?1 #agif47 ,! foll[+ are ! ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 :i* 7 promis$ to ! read] 9 ! *apt] ^u ,gramm> & ,classical ,lit]ature4 ,translation f ,ovid4 ,! ,cave ( ,sleep1 fir/ edition4 ,no wat*ful cock ,aurora's beams invite2 ,no dog nor goose1 ! gu>dians ( ! night4 ,dog & goose 7 object$ to1 & ! "y au?or *ang$ !m into dogs & geese4 ,no h]ds nor flocks1 nor human voice is he>d2 ,b nigh ! cave a ru/l+ spr+ appe>'d4 ,:5 ?is l9e 0 read to ,s----1 he *ang$ ! epi!t ru/l+ into glid+4 ,& ) s(t murmurs fai?less sleep invites1 ,& !re ! fly+ pa/ aga9 delights2 ,& ne> ! door ! noxi\s poppy gr[s1 ,& spreads 8 sleepy milk at daylight's close4 ,s---- 0 n[ reque/$ to translate ! beg9n+ ( ! s5t5ce1 & he produc$ ^! l9es3 ,f> f ! sun !re lies a cave =lorn1 ,:i* ,sol's bright beams c't ent] eve nor morn4 ,c't 0 object$ to4 ,mr4 ---- ask$ ,s---- :at 0 ! lit]al ,engli%4 ,s---- fir/ said n1 & !n nor2 & he correct$ 8 l9e1 & made x ,:i* ,sol's bright beams nor visit eve nor morn4 ,aft]w>ds3 ,f> 9 a vale !re lies a cave =lorn1 ,:i* ,phoebus nev] ent]s eve nor morn4 ,aft] an int]val ( a few days1 ! l9es 7 all read to ! boy1 to try :e!r he c\ld f>!r correct !m2 he desir$ to h ! two foll[+ l9es left out3 ,no h]ds1 nor flocks1 nor human voice is he>d1 ,b nigh ! cave a glid+ spr+ appe>$4 ,& 9 ! place ( !m he wrote1 ,no flocks nor h]ds di/urb ! sil5t pla9s3 ,)9 ! sacr$ walls mute quiet reigns4 ,in/ead ( ! two foll[+3 ,& ) s(t murmurs fai?less sleep invites1 ,& !re ! fly+ pa/ aga9 delights4 ,s---- desir$ 8 secret>y to write1 ,b murmur+ ,le! soo?+ sleep invites1 ,9 dreams aga9 ! fly+ pa/ delights4 ,in/ead ( ,& ne> ! doors ! noxi\s poppy gr[s1 ,& spreads 8 sleepy milk at daylight's close1 ! foll[+ l9es 7 writt54 ,s---- did n say doors1 because he ?\ght ! cave _h no doors2 yet 8 ,lat91 he said1 spoke ( squeak+ h+es4 ,f milky fl[]s t ne> ! cav]n gr[1 ,night scatt]s ! collect$ sleep bel[4 ,we %all n make any fur!r apology = ins]t+ all ^! corrections1 because we h already suffici5tly expla9$ our motives4 7,v4 ,*apt] on ,gramm> & ,classical ,lit]ature47 7,febru>y1 #agig47 ,a little !atre 0 put up = ! *ildr51 & !y act$ ,ju/ice ,poz4#aai ,:5 ! sc5es 7 pull$ d[n aft]w>ds1 ,s---- 0 extremely sorry to see ! :ole !atre vani%2 he _h succe$$ z an actor1 & he wi%$ to h ano!r play act$4 ,8 fa!r did n wi% t he %\ld become ambiti\s ( excell+ 9 ?is way at t5 ye>s old1 because x might h turn$ 8 att5tion away f ?+s ( m consequ5ce2 &1 if he _h be5 mu* applaud$ = ?is tal5t1 he w\ld1 p]haps1 h be5 ov]-/imulat$4 7,v4 ,*apt] on ,vanity & ,ambition47 ,! way to turn ?is boy's m9d away f its pres5t pursuit1 0 to give him ano!r object1 n to blame or *eck him = ! natural expression ( 8 wi%es4 ,x is difficult to f9d objects = *ildr5 :o h n cultivat$ a ta/e = lit]ature2 b inf9ite v>iety c be f\nd = ^? :o h acquir$ ?is happy ta/e4 ,soon aft] ,s---- _h express$ 8 ard5t wi% to h ano!r play p]=m$1 ! trial ( "s poor man 9 ! neighb\rhood happ5$ to be m5tion$2 & x 0 said1 t ! crim9al _h ! *oice ( ei!r go+ to ,botany ,bay1 or be+ hang$4 ,s---- ask$ h[ t c\ld be4 ,i did'nt ?9k1 said he1 t a man c\ld h two puni%m5ts4 ,c ! judge *ange ! puni%m5t8 ,i ?\ght x 0 fix$ by ! law4 ,mr4 ---- told ,s---- t ^! 7 s5sible que/ions2 &1 z he saw t ! boy's att5tion 0 fix$1 he seiz$ ! opportunity to give him "s g5]al idea ^u ! subject4 ,he began ) tell+ ,s----! mann] 9 :i* a suspect$ p]son is br\ght be=e a ju/ice ( ! peace4 ,a w>rant & committal 7 describ$2 !n ! mann] ( try+ crim9als2 :at is call$ ! c\rt1 ! jury1 c4 ! cri] ( ! c\rt1 & ! =ms ( a trial2 ! reason :y ! prison]1 :5 he is ask$ h[ he w be tri$1 answ]s1 ,by ,god & my c\ntry3 ?is l$ to an acc\nt ( ! old absurd fire & wat] ordeals1 & !nce ! advantages ( a trial by jury became m app>5t by comp>ison4 ,mr4 ---- told ,s---- :y x is call$ empannell+ a jury1 & :y ! jury are call$ a pannel2 ! mann] 9 :i* ! jury give _! v]dict2 ! duty ( ! judge1 to sum up ! evid5ce1 to expla9 ! law to ! jury4 ,! judge is1 by ! humane laws ( ,engl&1 always suppos$ to be ! protector ( ! accus$2 & n[1 ,s----1 we are come r\nd to y\r "q2 ! judge _c make ! puni%m5t m sev]e2 b :5 ! puni%m5t is f9e or imprisonm5t1 ! quantity or duration ( ! puni%m5t is left to 8 judgm5t4 ,! k+ may remit ! puni%m5t entirely2 he may p>don ! crim9al2 he may1 if a man be s5t5c$ to be hang$1 give him 8 *oice1 :e!r he w be hang$ or transport$--7! ^w 0 expla9$47 ,b1 said ,s----1 s9ce ! judge _c *ange ! puni%m5t1 :y may ! k+8 ,i ?9k x is v unju/ t ! k+ %\ld h su* a p[]1 because1 if he *anges ! puni%m5t = "o ?+1 :y mayn't he = ano!r & ano!r1 & s on8 ,mr4 ----4 ,i am incl9$ to believe1 my de> ,s----1 t x is = ! good ( a /ate1 t a k+ %\ld h su* a p[]2 b ,i am n sure4 ,if any individual %\ld h ?is p[]1 ,i ?9k x is mo/ safely tru/$ to a k+2 because1 z he has no connection ) ! individuals :o are tri$1 z he does n live among/ !m1 he is n s liable z judges & jurym5 might be to be prejudic$1 to be influ5c$ by p]sonal rev5ge1 fri5d%ip1 or pity4 ,:5 he p>dons1 he is suppos$ to p>don )\t any p]sonal motives4 ,b ( all ?is1 ,s----1 y w judge = y\rself1 :5 y /udy ! law4 ,i int5d to take y ) me to ---- next assizes to he> a trial4 ,s---- look$ full z eag] to he> a trial1 z he _h done1 half an h\r be=e1 to act a play4 ,we %\ld m5tion1 t 9 ! little play 9 :i* he _h act$1 he _h play$ ! "p ( a ju/ice ( ! peace1 & a sort ( trial =m$ ! bus9ess ( ! play2 ! ideas ( trials & law1 !re=e1 jo9$ readily ) 8 =m] tra9 ( ?\ght4 ,mu* ( ! success ( education1 dep5ds ^u ! preceptor's seiz+ ^! slight connections4 ,x is sc>cely possible to expla9 ?is fully 9 writ+4 7,febru>y #be?1 #agig47 ,s---- 0 read+ 9 ,ev5+s at ,home1 ! /ory ( ,a fri5d 9 ne$1 is a fri5d inde$4 ,mr4 ,g4 ,corni%1 hav+ rais$ a mod]ate =tune1 & be+ n[ beyond ! m]idian ( life1 he felt a /rong desire ( return+ to 8 native c\ntry4 ,s----4 ,h[ mu* bett] t is1 ?an to say he felt an irresi/ible desire1 or an insupportable desire1 z p sometimes say 9 books4 ,our pupils 7 always p]mitt$ to /op :5 !y 7 read+ l\d1 to make :atev] rem>ks !y pleas$ ^u :atev] books !y read4 ,!y did n1 by ?is me?od1 get ?r\gh s _m books z o!r *ildr5 ( _! age usually d2 b _! ta/e = read+ seem$ to increase rapidly4 7,v4 ,books47 7,m>* #h?1 #agig47 ,h---- 7#ad7 told u t he rememb]$ see+1 :5 he 0 five ye>s old1 "s puppets pack$ up by a %[man 9 a triangul> box2 & = sometime aft]w>ds1 said ,h----1 :5 ,i saw my fa!r's triangul> hat-box1 ,i expect$ puppets to come out ( x4 ,a few days ago1 ,i met a man ) a triangul> box ^u 8 head1 & ,i ?\ght t !re 7 puppets 9 ! box4 ,we h tak5 notice ( ?is prop5sity 9 *ildr51 to believe t p>ticul>1 are g5]al causes2 & we h endeav\r$ to %[ h[ x affects ! temp]1 & ! habits ( reason+4 7,v4 ,temp]1 & ,wit & ,judgm5t47 7,m>* #bg?1 #agig47 ,mr4 ---- %[$ little ,w----7#c ye>s old7 a wat*1 & ask$ him if he ?\ght t x 0 alive4 ,w----4 ,yes4 ,mr4 ----4 ,d y ?9k t ! fire is alive8 ,w----4 ,yes4 ,mr4 ----4 7,! *ild 0 /&+ at ! tea table47 ,d y ?9k ! urn is alive8 ,w----4 ,no4 ,mr4 ----4 ,d y ?9k t book is alive8 ,w----4 ,no4 ,mr4 ----4 ,! horses8 ,w----4 ,yes4 ,mr4 ----4 ,d y ?9k t ! *aise is alive8 ,w----4 ,yes4 ,!n1 aft] look+ 9 ,mr4 ----'s face1 he *ang$ 8 op9ion1 & said no4 ,w---- did n seem to "k :at 0 meant by ! ^w alive4 ,mr4 ---- call$ ,h4 7#e ye>s old7 & ask$ h] :e!r %e ?\ght t ! wat* 0 alive4 ,%e at fir/ said ,yes2 b1 z soon z %e _h "t to recollect h]self1 %e said t ! wat* 0 n alive4 ,?is "q 0 ask$1 to try :e!r ,reid 0 "r 9 8 conjecture z to ! answ]s a *ild w\ld give to su* a "q4 7,v4 ,reid's ,essays on ! ,intellectual ,p[]s ( ,man47 ,we frequ5tly say1 t fl[]s1 c4 are dead3 we %\ld expla9 to *ildr5 t !re are two k9ds ( life2 or r1 t ! ^w life is us$ to express two ideas2 vegetable life1 & animal life4 7,july1 #agig47 ,miss ,l\isa ---- told u1 t :5 a rose bud beg9s to )]1 if y burn ! end ( ! /alk1 & plunge x r$ hot into wat]1 ! rose w be f\nd reviv$ ! next day2 & by a repetition ( ?is burn+1 ! lives ( fl[]s may be =tunately prolong$ _m days4 ,miss ,l\isa ---- _h se5 _m surpris+ recov]ies p]=m$ by ?is op]ation1 & sev]al ( h] fri5ds _h adopt$ ! practice ) uni=m success4 ,we det]m9$ to repeat ! exp]im5t4 ,*ildr5 %\ld nev] take any ?+ ^u tru/ :i* !y c v]ify4 ,two roses1 ga!r$ at ! same "t1 f ! same tree1 7 put into sep>ate glasses ( wat]4 ,! /alk ( "o ( ^! roses 0 burnt1 accord+ to prescription2 !y 7 left a night 9 wat]1 & ! next day ! rose t _h be5 burnt1 appe>$ 9 mu* bett] heal? ?an t :i* _h n be5 burnt4 ,! exp]im5t 0 aft]w>ds sev]al times repeat$2 & %\ld be tri$ by o!rs until ! fact be fully asc]ta9$4 7,july1 #agig47 ,little ,w---- 7?ree ye>s old7 0 %[n ,miss ,b----'s beautiful copy ( ! ,aurora surg5s ( ,guido4 ,! c> ( ,apollo is encircl$ by ! danc+ h\rs1 s t its %ape is n se52 "p ( "o :eel only is visible betwe5 ! robes ( ! danc+ figures4 ,we ask$ little ,w---- :y t man 7po9t+ to ! figure ( ,apollo 9 8 invisible c>7 look$ s mu* high] up 9 ! air ?an ! o!r p8 ,w----4 ,because he is 9 a c>riage2 he is sitt+ 9 a c>riage4 ,we po9t$ to ! imp]fect :eel1 & ask$ if he knew :at t 08 ,he imm$iately answ]$1 ,yes1 ! :eel ( ! c>riage4 ,we want$ to see :e!r ! imag9ation ( a *ild ( ?ree ye>s old1 w\ld supply ! invisible p>ts ( ! c>3 & :e!r ! :eel & horses1 & man hold+ ! re9s1 w\ld sugge/ ! idea ( a phton4 7,v4 ,*apt] on ,ta/e & ,imag9ation47 ,we %all n trespass ^u ! read]'s pati5ce ) any m anecdotes f ! nurs]y4 ,we hope1 t c&id & intellig5t p>5ts w p>don1 if !y h discov]$ any desire 9 u to exhibit our pupils4 ,we may mi/ake our own motives1 & we d n pret5d to be p]fectly imp>tial judges ^u ?is occasion2 b we h hop$1 t only su* conv]sations or anecdotes h be5 produc$1 z may be ( "s use 9 ,practical ,education4 ,f conv]sation1 if prop]ly manag$1 *ildr5 may le>n ) ease1 exp$ition1 & delight1 a v>iety ( k2 & a skilful preceptor c apply 9 conv]sation all ! pr9ciples t we h labori\sly endeav\r$ to make intelligible4 ,,footnotes3 #aac ,mrs4 ,honora ,edgewor?1 daught] ( ,edw>d ,sneyd1 ,esq4 ( ,lit*field4 ,z ?is lady's "n has be5 m5tion$ 9 a monody on ! dea? ( ,major ,&r1 we take ?is opportunity ( correct+ a mi/ake t occurs 9 a note to t p]=mance4 ,till busy rum\r *as'd ea* pleas+ dream1 ,& qu5*'d ! radiance ( ! silv] beam4 ,monody on ,major ,&r4 ,! note on ^! l9es is z foll[s3 ,! tid+s ( ,honora's m>riage4 ,^u t ev5t ,mr4 ,&r quitt$ 8 pr(ession z a m]*ant1 & jo9$ our army 9 ,am]ica4 ,miss ,honora ,sneyd 0 m>ri$ to ,mr4 ,edgewor? 9 ,july1 #aggc1 & ! date ( ,major ,&r's fir/ commission 9 ! ,wel* ,fusile]s is ,m>* #d?1 #agga4 #aad ,?is has be5 =m]ly quot$ 9 ! preface to ! ,p>5t's ,assi/ant4 #aae ,! anecdotes m5tion$ 9 ! prec$+ pages1 7 read to ! *ildr5 ) ! re/ ( ! "w4 #aaf ,soame ,j5n+s's4 #aag ,voltaire4 #aah ,v4 ,johnson's ,life ( ,br[ne4 #aai ,p>5t's ,assi/ant4 ,,! ,,end4