mat]ial f ! ,google ,pr9t project47     
,sci5tific & ,religi\s ,j\rnal4  ,,vol4 
,i4 ,,decemb]1 #ahhj4 ,,no4 #ab4        
,,is ,,! ,,s9n] ,a ,,moral ,,ag5t ,,9   
,,8 ,,conv]sion8   ,!re are a great _m  
que/ions ask$ ^u ! subject ( conv]sion1 
& z _m answ]s giv5 z !re are !ories (   
religion1 & _m p]sons li/5+ to m5's     
!ories ^u ?is subject are left 9 d\bt & 
d>kness 9 ref]5ce to :at is & is n      
conv]sion4 ,y ask ! ,mormons1 :o fully  
believe _! !ory ( conv]sion1 & !y w ref]
 y to _! own exp]i5ce & ! exp]i5ce ( !  
loyal1 self-sacrific+ devotees ( _!     
fai?4 ,ask ! ,roman ,ca?olic & he w give
 y an answ] correspond+ ) 8 !ory (      
religion4 ,all ,prote/ant p>ties give y 
_! exp]i5ce1 & ref] y to _! loyal &     
self-sacrific+ bre?r5 = ! tru?fulness ( 
_! !ories ( conv]sion4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ?is  
conflict & m$ley ( contradictions :at   
are we to d8 ,%all we accept _! exp]i5ce
 z ! infallible rule by :i* to det]m9e !
 "r f ! wrong 9 matt]s p]ta9+ to our    
pres5t & et]nal salvation8 ,a /range    

rule1 9 view ( ! great contr>iety (     
op9ions & our liability to be misl$4 ,x 
w\ld ju/ify ,"m ,eve1 %e be+ deceiv$4 ,b
 %e 0 f\nd 9 ! transgression4 ,we may be
 deceiv$ & f\nd 9 transgression4 ,?is   
/range rule w\ld ju/ify ,saul2 = he     
v]ily ?\ght he ought to d _m ?+s contr>y
 to ,jesus1 :i* ?+s he did1 & did !m 9  
all good consci5ce t[>ds ,god & man1 yet
 he 0 a blasphem] & injuri\s4 ,! ,ma/]1 
9 view ( our liability to be deceiv$1   
gave u a rule ( conduct 9 ref]5ce to our
 communications 9 ^! words3 ,let y\r    
communications be yea1 yea1 & nay1 nay4 
,x requires h]oism & manhood1 :i* is !  
highe/ degree ( moral c\rage1 to say nay
 :]e que/ions ( p]sonal int]e/ are      
involv$4  ,! rule 9 ref]5ce to ,god's ^w
 is diff]5t1 be+ bas$ ^u 8 immutability 
& p]fections4 ,he is n deceiv$1 n misl$1
 n mi/ak54 ,paul says 9 ref]5ce to ! ^w 
( ,god1 :i* 0 prea*$ by himself1        
,sylvanus & ,timo!us3 ,our ^w t[>d y 0 n
 yea & nay1 b 9 him 0 yea1 = all !      
promises ( ,god 9 ,*ri/ are yea1 & 9 him

 am5 unto ! glory ( ,god by u4 #b ,cor4 
#a1 #ah-bj4 ,let ,god be true ?\gh e man
 be a li>1 0 9 ! times ( ! ,apo/les &   
fir/ ,*ri/ians a rule :i* !y _h no      
hesitancy 9 affirm+4 ,a moral ag5t is "o
 :o1 ) a k ( ! "r & wrong1 ex]cises !   
p[] ( action4 ,9 conv]sion x is !       
ex]cise ( ! p[] t beg9s conv]sion4 ,if !
 s9n] has n ?is p[]1 !n he is n a moral 
ag5t 9 8 conv]sion4 ,all ! diff]5ces    
among m5 ^u ! subject ( conv]sion grew  
out ( _! diff]5t notions ( ,god & ( m54 
,x is a matt] ( ! greate/ consequ5ce to 
h correct notions ( ,god & ( self4 ,z   
conv]sion relates to bo?1 wrong notions 
( "o w create wrong notions ( ! o!r4 ,^?
 :o h be5 taught to debase !mselves "u !
 pretext ( giv+ glory to ,god1 consid]  
meanness & wrong z natural & inh]5t     
imp]fections ( _! be+1 & attributable to
 ,fa!r ,adam & ,"m ,eve1 & neglect to   
ex]cise ! p[]s at _! comm&4 ,be+ taught 
t !y are unable to d any?+ to help      
!mselves1 !y are left to ?r[ ! "w all   
back ^u ,god or give x up 9 despair4 ,if

 !y ?r[ x back ^u ,god1 & reg>d !mselves
 z passive recipi5ts ( ! "w ( conv]sion1
 !n !y mu/ wre/le ) ,god1 = !re is no   
use 9 wre/l+ ) ! p[]less "o4  ,) ?is    
view ( ! subject ! _w's condition is    
incompreh5sible1 & 9 direct conflict ) !
 reveal$ "* ( ,god4 ,we w\ld naturally  
suppose :5 we read t ,god is n will+ t  
any %\ld p]i%1 b t all %\ld come to     
rep5tance1 t none w\ld be all[$ to p]i% 
on acc\nt ( any neglect ^u ! div9e side4
 ,b ?\s&s d die 9 _! s9s4 ,d y say x is 
because ( _! great wick$ness8 ,9 :at    
does wick$ness consi/8 ,is x ! neglect (
 t :i* is n 9 _! p[]8 ,does n ! sy/em t 
,god int]poses 9 ! conv]sion ( ! s9n]   
re/ ^u ! idea t ! s9n] is helpless 9    
respect to 8 conv]sion8 ,x c]ta9ly does4
 ,!n :y %\ld ! s9n] he blam$8 ,?is view 
( ! s9n]'s moral condition necessitates 
a view ( ,god utt]ly at v>iance ) 8 "*1 
viz3 t he is n[ & !n on ! giv+ h&1 t he 
cons5ts to p\r out 8 ,_s occasionally1 &
 does ?is only :]e ! good p wre/le ) him
 & give him no re/ day nor night4 ,"o   

w\ld ?9k t he :o sp>$ n 8 own son1 b    
gave him up = u all1 w\ld s5d t         
,almighty ,_s ev]y:]e1 & at once br+    
ab\t ! mill5nial glory4 ,:at is !       
tr\ble8 ,god is love6 ,tell !m1 z ,i    
live1 sai? ! ,"l ,god1 ,i h no pleasure 
9 ! dea? ( him :o die?1 b r t he w\ld   
rep5t & live4 ,?is !ory ( ! s9n]'s      
helplessness is ! f\ndation ( ! entire  
sy/em ( my/ical conv]sion ?r\gh my/ical 
op]ations ( ! ,_s ( ,god4 ,& z = pla9 & 
easy conditions ( p>don & peace t we "k 
all s9n]s c comply )1 ?is sy/em (       
my/ical conv]sion sets !m all aside4 ,s 
y see t difficulties are multiply+ on   
our h&s1 & unless we c />t (f ^u ano!r  
foot1 we mu/ be lo/ 9 ! my/ical &       
incompreh5sible4 ,z re=m]s1 our greate/ 
"w is to cle> away my/ical & false      
notions ( m5 9 ref]5ce to !mselves & _! 
,god2 to make m5 s5sible ( _! dignity & 
responsibility1 z be+s end[$ ) ,god-l   
attributes4  ,we h succe$$1 9 mo/       
communities1 9 kill+ ! tap-root ( !     
my/ical tree ( conv]sion--i4e41 ! t5et (

 total h]$it>y depravity1 b ! tree /ill 
/&s erect1 & m5 claim t a wond]ful      
outp\r+ ( ! ,_s ( ,god has1 9 _m days & 
nights1 result$ 9 #ajj or #bjj or #cjj  
conv]sions4 ,b :at is conv]sion8 ,x is  
lexically def9$ to turn ^u1 to turn     
t[>ds4 ,9 a moral s5se1 to turn ^u or   
to1 to conv]t unto1 to conv]t f error1  
to turn to ! s]vice & wor%ip ( ! true   
,god4 ,& all :o dwelt at ,lydda & ,s>on 
saw him & turn$ to ! ,"l4 ,acts ix1 #ce4
 ,! ^w turn$1 9 ! above text1 is a      
translation ( ! ,greek t]m t is n9e     
times r5d]$ conv]t 9 its =ms &          
?irty-eight times turn 9 its =ms4 ,!y1 !
 p ( ,lydda & ,s>on1 turn$1 conv]t$ to !
 ,"l4 ,did !y d x8 ,!n !y 7 active & n  
passive4 ,x 0 an act ( _! own4 ,rep5t & 
turn y\rselves4--,eze4 xviii1 #cj4 ,"h !
 ,"l comm&$ s9n]s to conv]t !mselves4   
,ca/ away f y all y\r transgressions1   
:]eby ye h transgress$1 & make y a new  
he>t & a new _s2 = :y w ye die1 ,o h\se 
( ,israel8 ,eze4 xviii1 #ca4 ,if ! wick$
 w turn1 conv]t1 f all 8 s9s t he ha?   

committ$1 & keep all my /atutes1 & d t  
:i* is lawful & "r1 he %all surely live1
 he %all n die4 ,eze4 xviii1 #ca4 ,"h we
 discov] t ! burd5 ( conv]sion & !      
entire responsibility ( an unconv]t$    
/ate is ?r[n ^u ! s9n]4  ,! ,apo/les    
taught m5 to conv]t !mselves4 ,see ,acts
 xiv1 #ae4 ,we also are m5 ( l passions 
) y1 & prea* unto y1 t ye %\ld turn1    
conv]t1 f ^! vanities to ! liv+ ,god4   
,paul says1 ,he %[$ fir/ unto !m (      
,damascus1 & at ,j]usalem & ?r\gh\t all 
! coa/s ( ,judea1 & !n to ! ,g5tiles1 t 
!y %\ld turn1 conv]t1 to ,god1 & d works
 meet =1 wor?y (1 rep5tance4 ,acts xxvi1
 #bj4 ,speak+ ( ! unbeliev+ ,jews he    
said1 ,b _! m9ds 7 bl9d$2 = until ?is   
day rema9e? ! same vail untak5 away 9 ! 
read+ ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 :i* vail is    
done away 9 ,*ri/4 ,b ev5 unto ?is day1 
:5 ,moses is read1 ! vail is ^u _! he>t4
 ,nev]!less1 :5 x %all turn1 conv]t1 to 
! ,"l1 ! vail %all be tak5 away4 #b;d   
,cor9?ians1 iii1 #ad-af4 ,"h we f9d t ! 
he>t mu/ d its own turn+1 conv]t+4 ,poor

 ,jews6 ,c\ld !y help !mselves8 ,yes1 x 
all dep5d$ ^u _! own actions4 ,!        
,,inf9ite ,,"o did z mu* = !m z = any   
o!rs4 ,!y clos$ _! eyes & /opp$ _! e>s1 
le/ at any "t !y %\ld see ) _! eyes1 &  
he> ) _! e>s1 & und]/& ) _! he>ts1 & be 
conv]t$ & heal$4 ,:y did ! ,ma/] n say1 
,& ,i %\ld conv]t & heal !m8 ,ans4      
,conv]sion is a comm&m5t ( ,god1 & s9n]s
 mu/ obey x or p]i%4  ,! above quotation
 is made f ,isaiah vi1 #aj1 :]e x reads3
 ,le/ !y %\ld see ) _! eyes1 & he> ) _! 
e>s1 & und]/& ) _! he>ts1 & conv]t1 & ,i
 %\ld heal !m4 ,paul1 speak+ ( !        
disciples 9 ,mac$onia & ,a*aia1 says3   
,!y !mselves %[ ( u :at mann] ( ent]+ 9 
we _h unto y1 & h[ ye turn$1 conv]t$1 to
 ,god f idols to s]ve ! liv+ & true     
,god4 #a ,!ss41 i1 #h1 #i4 ,rep5t ye    
!re=e & be conv]t$1 is passive 9 our    
translation1 b imp]ative active 9 !     
orig9al4 ,9 ! ,g5eva text x reads3 ,am5d
 y\r lives & turn4 ,s conv]sion is a    
comm&m5t ( ,god4 ,if !re is any?+       
necess>y to conv]sion t is n 9 ! p[] ( !

 s9n]1 :y %\ld he be comm&$ to conv]t8  
,if ! tr\ble is 9 8 corruption1 ?r\gh   
inborn depravity1 :y are "s conv]t$ &   
o!rs n8 ,if !re is any?+ 9 conv]sion t  
is n 9 ! p[] ( ! s9n]1 !n he mu/ (      
necessity be sav$ )\t x1 or rema9       
unavoidably 9 s9--doom$ to mis]y4       
,web/] def9es ! t]m conv]t to *ange f "o
 /ate to ano!r1 z to conv]t a b>r5 wa/e 
into a fruitful field2 to conv]t a      
wild]ness into a g>d52 to conv]t rude   
savages into civiliz$ m52 to *ange or   
turn f "o p>ty or sect to ano!r--z to   
conv]t ,pagans to ,*ri/ianity1 to turn f
 a bad life to a good "o1 to *ange !    
he>t & moral "* f enmity to ,god & f    
vici\s habits to ! love ( ,god & to a   
holy life4 ,h5ce ! anci5t comm&m5t3     
,make y a new he>t & a new _s1 = :y w y 
die4 ,eze4 xviii1 #cb4 ,?\ %alt love !  
,"l ?y ,god ) all ?y he>t1 & ) all ?y   
m9d1 & ) all ?y /r5g?4 ,is ?is out ( y\r
 p[]8 ,!n :o is to blame8 ,does ! bless$
 ,fa!r comm& y to d :at y c n8 ,are y   
?us lo/ )\t rem$y8 ,does ! ,"l mock y ) 

comm&m5ts t y c n obey8 ,! importance ( 
conv]sion is 9 ! fact t x is ! turn+    
po9t or divid+ l9e betwe5 ^? :o s]ve    
,god & ^? :o s]ve him n4  ,i4 ,! ,"l    
comm&s s9n]s to conv]t4  ,,ii4 ,! ,"l's 
comm&m5ts are duties t s9n]s owe to     
,god4  ,!re=e1 conv]sion is a duty t !  
s9n] owes to ,god4 ,x is ! s9n]'s duty2 
!n he mu/ p]=m x4 ,we h se5 t ! ,"l     
comm&s x1 & t s9n]s did p]=m x4 ,d y say
 x is a "w begun ^u !m & accompli%$ by  
!m8 ,!n s9n]s mu/ be passive 9 ! beg9n+ 
( ?is "w1 & ! beg9n+ is mo/ ess5tial1 = 
unless ! ?+ is begun x w nev] be        
accompli%$4 ,is ?is beg9n+ ! "w ( ,god  
wr\ght ^u ! s9n] by a special op]ation (
 ! ,holy ,_s8 ,if ?is be s x foll[s t ! 
entire ,*ri/ian life is ( necessity1 & n
 ( *oice1 = ! root always be>s ! tree1 &
 n ! tree ! root4 ,if ! cause is !      
uncondition$ p[] ( ,god1 ! effects gr[+ 
out ( t cause are ! fruits ( necessity2 
& s ! ,*ri/ian is a necessitat$         
creature1 & entitl$ to nei!r praise or  
rew>d1 = x 0 n he t did x1 b ,god4 ,& 9 

?is case ! s9n] is n a moral ag5t1 = 9  
moral ag5cy ! s9n]1 ) a k ( ! "r & !    
wrong1 beg9s ! "w himself & does x      
himself4 ,?is does n exclude !          
in/rum5tality ( ,*ri/1 ! ,apo/les1      
prophets & ,*ri/ians1 :o1 by ! words ( !
 ,holy ,_s1 h plac$ be=e s9n]s all ! k  
necess>y to give !m correct ideas (     
duty1 & also ! motives to be accept$4   
,an ag5t is "o :o has p[] to beg9       
action1 & moral ag5cy 9 conv]sion is !  
ex]cise ( t p[]1 ) a k ( ! "r & ! wrong1
 & s x comes to pass t conv]sion to ,god
 always makes a ,*ri/ian1 provid$1      
h[ev]1 t ! man1 kn[+ :at to turn f & :at
 to turn to1 hone/ly turn$ f ! wrong to 
! "r1 :i* is ! same z to say t he 0 a   
moral ag5t 9 8 conv]sion4 ,a man may    
turn )\t a k ( ! "r & ! wrong1 b x is   
turn+ r\nd & r\nd & rema9+ 9 ! same     
place1 i4e4 9 ignorance ( ,god's w1 & s 
rema9+ 9 disob$i5ce4 ,su* may be & (t5  
is4  ,9 all su* cases ! p]son has be5 ! 
creature ( passion1 wr\ght ^u by        
excitem5t1 & left 9 ignorance ( duty 9  

disob$i5ce to ! gospel ( ,*ri/4 ,a good 
rule by :i* to det]m9e :5 su* is ! case1
 & x is ! ,ma/]'s rule1 is ! unwill+ness
 ( ! p]son to d ! comm&m5ts ( ,god1 & to
 receive = in/ruction ^u ! subject (    
duty1 8 ^w1 an untea*able disposition1  
:i* n only refuses to obey :5 !         
comm&m5ts are pres5t$1 b absolutely     
p]si/s 9 oppos+ !m4 ,a man 9 ?is        
condition is worse ?an ignorant1 8 he>t 
is irreconcil$ to ! gov]nm5t ( ,god1 &  
he may turn ar\nd & ar\nd & die 9 s9 &  
transgression4 ,d y object t ,god       
controls 9 conv]sion1 &1 !re=e1 ! man is
 illum9at$ 9 a my/]i\s mann]1 &         
necessitat$ aright--t he is a           
necessitat$ moral ag5t8 ,necessitat$    
moral ag5cy & free slav]y are id5tical4 
,!re is no su* ?+ z necessitat$ moral   
ag5cy4 ,:at ,i am compell$ to d is n    
m9e1 b 8 :o compell$ me4 ,all t we call 
moral or immoral1 virtu\s or vici\s1    
praisewor?y or blamewor?y1 9 our        
conduct1 dep5ds :olly ^u ! w4 ,x beg9s 9
 u & is done by u4 ,x is ours & we w    

answ] = x4 ,no man is to be blam$ or    
prais$ = t :i* he nei!r _h p[] to d or  
avoid4 ,?is1 9 h>mony ) ! words ag5t &  
action1 is say+ no m ?an t a man is to  
be prais$ or blam$ = actions done by    
himself & n by ano!r4 ,x is ! gospel    
rule1 t e man %all receive accord+ to t 
:i* he ba? done2 t e man %all give      
acc\nt ( himself to ,god4  ,if ! s9n] is
 to blame = rema9+ 9 an unconv]t$ /ate1 
!n ( necessity conv]sion is 8 own       
volunt>y act2 a duty imp]atively enjo9$ 
^u him1 9 ! p]=mance ( :i* he ne$s to be
 guid$ by ! k ( ! "r & ! wrong1 z mu* z 
9 any o!r duty4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if x is a 
"w wr\ght ^u ! man by a special ef=t ( !
 ,holy ,_s1 !n ! man is free f all      
responsibility 9 ! premises1 = he w     
answ] only = 8 own "w4  ,keep ?y he>t ) 
all dilig5ce1 = out ( x are ! issues (  
life4 ,prov4 iv1 #bc4 ,he taught me     
also1 & said unto me3 ,let ?9e he>t     
reta9 my words2 keep my comm&m5ts &     
live4 ,prov4 iv1 #d4 ,he> ?\1 my son1 & 
be wise1 & guide ?9e he>t 9 ! way4      

,prov4 xxiii1 #ai4    ,man1 ) naught 9  
*>ge1 c\ld betray no tru/1   ,& if he   
fell1 w\ld fall because he mu/4   ,if   
love rew>d him1 or v5geance /rike1   ,8 
recomp5se 9 bo? w\ld be unju/ alike4    
,if ! s9n] is passive 9 8 conv]sion he c
 claim no rew>d1 = x is ! act ( ano!r4  
,all action is ! "w ( an ag5t1 ( a be+  
:o acts4 ,& e be+ :o acts is ! beg9n] ( 
! motion :i* con/itutes ! action4 ,!    
bullet t kills ! man1 ! explosion t     
makes x fly1 ! sp>kles f ! cap :i*      
produce ! explosion1 are n ag5ts1 all   
be+ equally passive2 nor is x ! f+]     
op]at+ ^u ! trigg] t beg9s ! motion2 t  
also is a passive in/rum5t2 x is ! m9d  
giv+ to ! f+] direction & en]gy :i* is !
 mov] 9 ?is bus9ess1 & z su*1 is1       
prop]ly speak+1 ! ag5t4 ,b if we 7      
sup]-naturally in=m$ t ! m9d ?us ex]t$ 0
 made to d s by ! my/]i\s & irresi/ible 
impulse ( a sup]ior be+1 we %\ld        
in/antly decl>e t be+ ! ag5t1 & ! m9d   
irresi/ibly influ5c$ only a passive     
in/rum5t1 & no m to blame ?an ! gunp[d]4

 ,n[1 if ! s9n] is passive he is no m to
 blame or praise ?an ! passive in/rum5ts
 employ$ by ! murd]]4 ,& if he is n     
passive1 b active1 !n ! ?+ is begun &   
done by himself z ! real ag5t4 ,action  
implies motion1 & :]e !re is no p[] to  
beg9 motion !re c n be action1 b re/4   
,if ! s9n] has p[] to beg9 t action     
call$ conv]sion1 !n he is a moral ag5t 9
 8 conv]sion1 provid$ t he beg9s x ) a k
 ( ! "r & ! wrong 9 _! relations to !   
subject1 = action )\t k ( duty is n     
conv]sion to ! s]vice ( ,god4 ,9 ?is    
case ! moral elem5t is want+1 ! man acts
 bl9dly f impulse or passion2 :i* is no 
m ?an say+ t m5 mu/ "k :at to conv]t f1 
& :at to conv]t to1 be=e !y c act       
intellig5tly z rational moral ag5ts4 ,z 
su*1 ! ?+ ( fir/ importance is to tea*  
m5 ! w ( ,god ^u ! subject ( conv]sion1 
t !y may "k :at to d4 ,anci5tly m5 7    
told :at to d4 ,& ! gospel ( ,*ri/ tells
 m5 ! same /ory yet4 ,if ! s9n] is !    
ag5t 9 8 conv]sion !n he %\ld give      
himself no re/ until he le>ns 8 duty &  

does x4 ,b if he is n1 !n he might j z  
well re/ cont5t$1 = ! passive /one t has
 no p[] to *ange its place mu/ re/4 ,to 
say t ! s9n] has ! p[] to *ange is giv+ 
up ! "q4 ,& :5 ?is is once giv5 up all  
good p w g to "w ^u s9n]s to tea* !m _! 
duty1 & p]suade !m to turn1 conv]t1 to  
,god4 ,& ! ,"l w no long] be reg>d$ by  
s5sible skeptics z a v *angeable be+4   
,! anci5t ,*ri/ians did n wre/le ) ,god 
9 ! "w ( sav+ s9n]s4 ,he 0 always will+ 
t m5 %\ld be sav$1 & is yet will+4 ,if  
we 7 to wre/le ) him 9 solemn pray] all 
our days he w\ld n be m will+ ?an he is 
at ?is mom5t4  ,:y is x t all m5 are n  
sav$8 ,ans4--,! ,"l comm&s m5 to conv]t1
 turn & live4 ,turn f :at8 ,ans4--,f ! w
 ( ! fle% & f ! w ( man4 ,to :at8       
,ans4--,to ! gospel ( ,*ri/4 ,& !y      
refuse to d x4 ,to say ! s9n] has n !   
p[] is to relieve him1 =ev]1 ( all      
responsibility = 8 cont9uance 9 an      
unconv]t$ /ate1 & ?r[ x1 =ev]1 ^u ,god4 
,to say ! s9n] has n ! p[]1 & 9 ! next  
brea? tell him t he has1 is a squ>e     

contradiction & a self-evid5t falsehood1
 only equal$ by ! /atem5t t a ?+ is a   
r\nd squ>e1 or t ice is r$ hot4 ,let    
:atev] fall t may1 x is true t a ?+ c n 
be1 exi/1 & n be1 n exi/1 at ! same "t4 
,! s9n] is ei!r passive or active 9 8   
conv]sion4 ,he c n be bo?4 ,if he has n 
! p[] to beg9 & conv]t1 x foll[s t all  
:o h di$ 9 s9 7 fat$ to ru9 )\t rem$y4  
,philosoph]s h said1 t ! w is det]m9$ by
 motives1 purposes1 int5tions1 or       
reasons4 ,grant+ ?is to be true1 we c n 
admit t ! w is necess>ily det]m9$ by    
motives & purposes2 = x is !            
self-det]m9+ p[] ( ! m9d t gives a      
motive1 or reason1 t weight & influ5ce  
:]eby our c\rse is det]m9$4 ,9 o!r      
words1 x dep5ds on ourselves :e!r we w  
act f "o motive or ano!r4  ,action f    
motive always beg9s 9 ourselves4 ,& if  
conv]sion is ! result ( motive p[]1 x   
beg9s 9 ourselves & by ourselves4 ,let a
 man be tempt$ to /eal1 8 motive is !   
love ( money4 ,b if he refra9s f ! de$1 
8 motive is a reg>d = duty4 ,if he      

suff]s himself to be gov]n$ by ! fir/1  
he is a ?ief & des]ves puni%m5t1 b if he
 all[s himself to be gov]n$ by ! second1
 he has done well4 ,! laws ( e c\ntry   
suppose t m5 h x 9 _! p[] to give to    
ei!r motive t reg>d :i* w det]m9e _!    
conduct4 ,! div9e laws all[ ! same1     
plac+ motives high z heav5 be=e s9n]s = 
_! acceptance1 & w>n+ !m ) re/ra9+      
?reats deep z hell4 ,& if s9n]s w n     
receive ^! ?reats & act accord+ly1 !y   
are )\t excuse4 ,! scriptures all[ t m5 
conv]t f ,god4 ,h[ is ?is8 ,h m5 p[] to 
cross ! *asm backw>ds1 & are n able1 at 
! same "t to cross x 9 a =w>d movem5t8  
,/range logic1 ?is6 ,x is ! same old    
philosophy t s9n]s h ! p[] to g to hell1
 b none to get to heav52 t !y are free1 
l ! slave1 to d ! tyrant's bidd+2 t !y  
are free l ! wat] t /&s 9 ! pool2 t !y  
are me*anically free1 are simply active 
:5 wr\ght ^u1 ! same z any ma*9]y4 ,if  
?is be s1 :y is x t s _m are left 9 an  
unconv]t$ /ate8 ,is x because ! good ,_s
 pref]s ! exi/5ce ( iniquity & crime8   

,if ! ,"l br+s ab\t ! salvation ( "s1   
?r\gh a mighty outp\r+ ( 8 ,_s1 !n we   
%all nev] compreh5d 8 ways4 ,:y is x t  
he does n give u "o g5]al outp\r+1 "o   
gr& revival all ov] our c\ntry1 & br+   
ab\t ! long pray$ = mill5nial day8      
,answ]4--,conv]sion is a comm&m5t (     
,god4 ,x mu/ be obey$ or ! c\ntry lie1 9
 direct opposition to ! w ( ,god1 9 s94 
,8 w is express$ 9 ! words1 ,let ! wick$
 =sake 8 way1 & ! unrighte\s man 8      
?\ghts1 & let him return1 reconv]t1 unto
 ! ,"l1 & he w h m]cy ^u him1 & to our  
,god1 = he w abundantly p>don4  ,to     
,israel he sai?1 all ! day long h ,i    
/ret*$ =? my h&s unto a ga9say+ &       
disob$i5t p4 ,ro4 x1 #ba4 ,! ,"l /rove )
 !m by 8 ,_s 9 ! prophets1 & bore ) !m  
_m ye>s1 yet !y w\ld n he>4 ,nehe4 ix1  
#cj4 ,!y made _! he>ts z an adamant /one
 le/ !y %\ld he> ! law1 & ! words :i* ! 
,"l ( ho/s ha? s5t 9 8 _s by ! =m]      
prophets4 ,ze*4 vii1 #ab4 ,jesus wept   
ov] !m :5 he /ood ^u ,m\nt ,olivet &    
express$ ! greatness ( 8 great he>t 9 ^!

 words3 ,h[ (t5 w\ld ,i h ga!r$ ?y      
*ildr5 toge!r z a h5 do? ga!r h] brood  
"u h] w+s1 & ye w\ld n4 ,lu4 xiii1 #cd4 
,_! failure 0 n because ! ,_s did n     
/rive ) !m z x did ) o!rs :o 7 sav$4    
,god is no respect] ( p]sons4 ,nei!r 0 x
 on acc\nt ( inborn depravity4 ,= if any
 7 corrupt$ 9 _! moral nature by ,adam's
 s91 all 7 corrupt$ alike4 ,s t ea* "o  
w\ld be 9 ?is respect equally h>d to    
ov]come4 ,b :y br+ up inborn corruption 
& helplessness8 ,is n ! ,_s ( ,god able 
= any task :i* is 9 its own l9e ( "w8   
,jesus gave ! true solution ( ! "q4 ,he 
said3 ,_! he>ts h wax$ gross1 & _! e>s  
are dull ( he>+1 & _! eyes !y h clos$1  
le/ at any "t !y %\ld see ) _! eyes1 &  
he> ) _! e>s1 & und]/& ) _! he>ts & be  
conv]t$1 & ,i %\ld heal !m4 ,! words at 
any "t des]ve p>ticul> att5tion1 = !    
,"l's "t is all ! "t4 ,he is            
un*angeable4 ,he is n will+ t any %\ld  
p]i%1 b t all %\ld come to rep5tance4 #b
 ,pet4 iii1 #i4  ,_m p talk & act z ?\gh
 ! ,"l 0 ! mo/ *angeable be+ 9 !        

univ]se4 ,!y seem to ?9k t !            
un*angeabl5ess ( ! ,"l is 9 ! idea t he 
is ev]la/+ly *ang+4 ,let u imag9e a     
p]fect circle ) a /one p]man5tly fix$ 9 
! c5t] & a man walk+ )91 & e move he    
makes f side to side affect+ 8 relations
 to ! c5t]4 ,s x is ) ,god & ! *ildr5 ( 
m54 ,he is immutable4 ,he is ! c5t] ( ! 
circle4 ,9 ! "r h& side ( ?is circle are
 ! innoc5t & ! ob$i5t1 9 ! enjoym5t (   
all its ri*es1 peace1 p>don & all       
spiritual bless+s4 ,^! bless+s 7 provid$
 = all m51 & pres5t$ 9 ! gospel ( peace2
 & 9 ! left side ( ?is circle are all ! 
?reat5+s ( ,god & all ! wick$ness &     
mis]ies ( m54 ,! wick$ at ! left are    
able to conv]t ar\nd to ! "r4 ,9 do+ ?is
 !y leave _! s9s & mis]ies & come ar\nd 
:]e all ! bless+s ( ! great salvation h 
always be51 are1 & w be until "t is no  
m4 ,9 all ! "w ( human r$emption !re is 
no place = *ange 9 ,god4 ,! c5t] has    
nev] *ang$4 ,man alone *anges4 ,god has 
n be/[$ special p>don+ grace4 ,su*      
phraseology is unkn[n 9 ! gospel4 ,8    

grace 0 giv5 u 9 ,jesus ,*ri/ be=e ! _w 
began4 #b ,tim4 i1 #i4 ,all t we or any 
o!rs h to d is to live on ! ,*ri/ side (
 ?is circle--! "r h&4 ,if we are s9n]s x
 is our duty to conv]t ar\nd to ! "r    
into new relations conta9+ all t is gr&1
 glori\s & desirable4 ,! s9n]1 l$ by !  
motives ( ! gospel1 *anges sides2 leav+ 
! k+dom ( d>kness ^u ! left1 & cross+ ! 
l9e drawn ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! circle1 he   
passes into ! k+dom ( light4 ,x seems   
/range t intellig5t m5 & wom5 %\ld be   
con/antly ?r[+ my/]y ar\nd a matt] t is 
s pla9 & simple4 ,b we are aw>e t1 by   
long dwell+ on an idea1 & f ! excit$ &  
abnormal s5sitiv5ess ( ! m9d1 we        
sometimes lose ourselves to tru? amid/  
our own creations1 :i* become 9 !       
imag9ation /]n realities1 produc+ a     
species ( monomania or religi\s         
insanity4  ,long dwell+ ^u ! idea t     
conv]sion is a special "w ( ,god de/roys
 all disposition to conv]t1 & causes m5 
to be at ease 9 disob$i5ce4 ,we w to d  
^? ?+s1 & ^? only1 :i* we believe to be 

9 our p[]4 ,we are n s de/itute ( common
 s5se z to und]take t :i* we "k to be   
out ( our p[]4 ,i nev] attempt to fly1  
or raise a weight t ,i "k to be f> above
 my /r5g?4 ,s x is 9 ! "q ( conv]sion4  
,if ,i believe x to be a "w t is beyond 
my p[]1 !re w be a correspond+          
indiff]5ce ^u my "p4 ,z long z m5 are   
made to believe t ,god mu/ conv]t !m by 
a special int]position ( 8 ,_s1 s long  
_! m9ds w be direct$1 beyond ! pla9     
duties ( ! gospel1 to ! realm ( !       
my/]i\s & incompreh5sible4 ,9 anci5t    
times1 :5 m5 7 pla9ly told to           
conv]t--turn--to ,god & d works wor?y ( 
rep5tance1 :5 ! mi/s & my/icles ( !     
s*oolm5 & dogmati/s ( all sects & p>ties
 _h n1 z yet1 becl\d$ ! m9ds ( m51 nor  
corrupt$ ! simplicity ( ! ,gospel1 ?\s&s
 7 conv]t$ 9 a day4 ,*ri/ianity ov]ran !
 inhabit$ e>? 9 ! space ( a few ye>s4   
,judaism & ,paganism trembl$ & crumbl$  
be=e its mighty p[]4 ,b n[ ! religi\s _w
 is cont5d+ ) s9 & crime1 "u ! great    
disadvantages ( a p]v]t$ m9d & a ,gospel

 becl\d$ ) ! smoke ( ,babylon1 & !      
result is t ?ree-score s\ls br\ght into 
! *ur* is a great success = ! labors (  
weeks1 & ev5 mon?s4 ,:y %\ld ?is be s8  
,x ne$ n be4 ,x w\ld n be b = ! wrong   
tea*+ consequ5t ^u cre$s4 ,x is said1 ,t
 _m ( ! ,cor9?ians he>+1 believ$ & 7    
baptiz$4 ,_! m9ds 7 cle> ^u ! great     
subjects ( human duty & ! goodness1 love
 & m]cy ( ,god4 ,!y _h no long sessions1
 9 :i* !y 7 wre/l+ ) ,god z ?\gh he 0   
ins5sitive & indiff]5t ^u ! subject ( ! 
s9n]'s salvation4  ,!y 7 told ! /ory (  
,god's love1 & made acqua9t$ ) ! great  
fact t all ?+s 7 ready = _! reception2 t
 ,*ri/ _h f9i%$ ! "w :i* ! ,fa!r _h giv5
 him to d1 & t x only rema9$ = !m to    
believe & obey ! ,gospel & all w\ld be  
well4 ,!y 7 comm&$ to conv]t to ! s]vice
 ( ,god4 ,?is "w 0 n giv5 into ! h&s (  
,*ri/ to p]=m4 ,x is ! s9n]'s own "w4   
,*ri/ w n believe = y4 ,he w n rep5t =  
y4 ,he w n conv]t = y4 ,conv]sion is !  
ov]t action ( ! w c>ri$ out 9 break+ (f 
f s9s by righte\sness4 ,x beg9s 9 !     

he>t1 b x does n end !re4 ,murd] beg9s 9
 ! he>t1 b its consummation is ! action 
( ! w c>ri$ out4 ,! man fir/ yield$ to !
 temptation by say+1 9 8 he>t1 ,i w4 ,! 
next ?+ 9 ! ord] 0 c>ry+ out ! w 9 !    
de$4 ,no?+ %ort ( ! de$ done w\ld h met 
! /atem5t 9 ! he>t1 ,i w4 ,s x is 9     
conv]sion4 ,! man fir/ says 9 8 he>t1 ,i
 w1 ,i w =sake my =m] c\rse ( life & be 
a ,*ri/ian1 ,i w obey ,god1 ,i w d 8 w4 
,& no?+ %ort ( do+ ! w ( ,god z x is    
address$ to him 9 ! ,gospel w c>ry out !
 action ( ! w1 & meet ! dem&s ( !       
/atem5t1 ,i w4 ,:osoev] w let him come &
 take ! wat] ( life freely4 ,s ! tree is
 kn[n by its fruits4 ,he t sai? ,i "k   
him1 ackn[l$ge him1 & keepe? n 8        
comm&m5ts is a li>1 & ! tru? is n 9 him4
 #a ,jno4 ii1 #d4  ,z reg>ds !          
in/rum5talities employ$ 9 p]suad+ m51 ,i
 h only to say1 t m5 7 always free z    
moral ag5ts1 to conv]t--turn1 "u !      
weake/ in/rum5tality1 or refuse "u ! mo/
 p[]ful4 ,! ,"l himself /rove ) ! anci5t
 ,jews by 8 ,_s 9 8 prophets1 & !y w\ld 

n he> b resi/$ ! ,_s4 ,/eph51 aft] he _h
 made "o gr& ef=t to in/ruct 8 he>]s1   
said1 ,ye /iff-neck$ & uncircumcis$ 9   
he>t & e>s1 ye d always resi/ ! ,holy   
,_s2 z y\r fa!rs did s d ye4 ,acts vii1 
#ea4 ,0 ! condition ( ^? fell[s         
unavoidable8 ,if x 01 !y 7 n to blame4  
,b !re 0 no?+ 9 _! condition t 0 n 9 _! 
p[]4 ,if !re 01 :y %\ld we f9d ^! words 
9 _! law1 circumcise ! =esk9 ( y\r he>t1
 & be no m /iff-neck$4 ,deut4 x1 #af4 ,!
 ,"l has made ! salvation ( all m5      
possible1 o!rwise ^? rema9+ 9 an        
unconv]t$ /ate1 & dy+ 9 _! s9s1 are     
unavoidably lo/4 ,& :o is to blame8 ,!  
,fa!r s lov$ ! _w t he gave 8 only      
begott5 son to die = e man4 ,he s5t him 
to be ! ,savior ( ! _w4 ,! ,gospel is ! 
m9i/ration ( ! ,_s4 ,! ,apo/les prea*$ x
 ) ! ,holy ,_s s5t d[n f heav54 ,!y     
receiv$ grace & ,apo/le%ip1 = ! ob$i5ce 
( fai? among all nations1 = ,*ri/'s "n4 
,rom4 i1 #e4 ,a great & gr& law gov]n$  
!m4 ,9 obey+ x !y did all t !y ev] did =
 ! _w or = ! *ur*4 ,!re 7 j ?ree duties 

prescrib$ 9 t law4 ,! fir/ is 9 ! ^w    
tea*1 or1 ! bett] r5d]+1 disciple4 ,!   
second is 9 ! ^w baptiz+2 & ! ?ird is 9 
! phrase tea*+ !m to obs]ve all ?+s     
:atsoev] ,i h comm&$ y4 ,! :ole is      
beautifully r5d]$ ?us1 ,go+ !re=e1      
disciple all nations1 baptiz+ !m into ! 
"n ( ! ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy   
,_s4 ,& ! :ole is re/$ ^u a decl>ation (
 k+ly au?ority1 viz3 ,all p[] 9 heav5 & 
^u e>? is giv5 into my h&s1 go+         
!re=e1--y see ! connection4  ,g to !    
,acts ( ! ,apo/les & read = y\rselves & 
see h[ !y turn$ m5 to ,god4 ,paul says1 
,t he %[$ fir/ to !m ( ,damascus1 & at  
,j]usalem1 & ?r\gh\t all ! coa/s (      
,judea1 & !n to ! ,g5tiles1 t !y %\ld   
rep5t & turn1 conv]t1 to ,god1 & d works
 meet = rep5tance4 ,"s disobey$ "u !    
prea*+ & tea*+ ( ! ,apo/les4 ,"s "u !   
tea*+s ( ,*ri/4 ,& _m reject$ ! c\ncil (
 ,god aga9/ !mselves 9 n be+ baptiz$ (  
,john's baptism4 ,jesus said1 ,g ye into
 all ! _w1 & prea* ! gospel to e        
creature2 he t believe? & is baptiz$    

%all be sav$1 & he t believe? n %all be 
damn$4 ,paul 0 prea*+ at ,cor9?2 _m ( ! 
,cor9?ians he>+1 believ$1 & 7 baptiz$1 &
 ,jesus appe>$ unto him 9 a vision by   
night1 & said1 ,speak boldly & hold n ?y
 peace1 & ,i w let no man set on !e to  
hurt !e4  ,*ri/ gave ! commission &     
,paul 0 c>ry+ x out4 ,! ,savior's visit 
to ,cor9?1 9 vision1 0 to enc\rage ,paul
 to g on4 ,w\ld all ! prea*]s 9 ?is     
c\ntry enc\rage su* a "w by speak+ well 
( x8 ,w\ld !y say1 ,g on8 ,if ,i 0      
prea*+ 9 a great city "u ! same         
circum/ances t surr\nd$ ,paul 9 ,cor9?1 
& ! days ( miracles 7 n pa/1 ,i might   
rationally conclude t ,jesus w\ld       
enc\rage me 9 ! same mann]4 ,be t z x   
may1 "o ?+ is d\btless true1 viz41 !    
same "w is ! ,"l's "w yet1 & 8 visit to 
,cor9? to enc\rage ,paul is a great     
s\rce ( enc\ragem5t to u4 ,! primitive  
,*ri/ians 7 all baptiz$ believ]s2 all   
conv]t$ to ! s]vice ( ,god2 none ( !m on
 probation1 b all 9 ! fell[%ip4 ,all 7  
sanctifi$ unto ob$i5ce1 all _h purifi$  

_! s\ls 9 obey+ ! tru? ?r\gh ! ,_s4 ,_m 
rev]se ! ord] ?us3 ,get y\r s\ls purifi$
 & !n obey ! tru?4 ,b ,*ri/ has become !
 ,au?or ( et]nal salvation unto all ^?  
:o obey him4 ,heb4 v1 #i4 ,jesus said1  
,except a man be born ( wat] & ( ! ,_s1 
he c n ent] into ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,:atev]
 ?is language may mean x is accompli%$  
:5 ! s9n] is begott5 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus     
?r\gh ! gospel & baptiz$ into ,*ri/4    
,paul said ( ! ,cor9?ians3 ,9 ,*ri/     
,jesus h ,i begott5 y ?r\gh ! ,gospel4  
,& !y1 ,he>+1 believ$ & 7 baptiz$4 ,&   
,james said3 ,( 8 own w begat he u ) !  
^w ( tru?4 ,consequ5tly1 ! entire mean+ 
is 9 ! p[] ( all s9n]s :o h access to ! 
,gospel ( ,*ri/4 ,o!rwise1 ! s9n] is    
unavoidably lo/ = 8 unavoidable         
unbelief4 ,b we are told 9 ,john's      
,record1 i1 #ab1 ,t z _m z receiv$ him  
to !m gave he p[] to become ! sons (    
,god1 ev5 to !m t believe on 8 "n4 ,s ! 
p[] ( ! s9n] to become a son ( ,god     
dep5ds ^u 8 belief on ! "n ( ! ,son (   
,god1 & if he c n believe x is no fault 

( 84 ,poor fell[6 ,is he ?us doom$8 ,if 
he c believe on ! "n ( ,*ri/ he is able 
to rea* ! relation ( a son4 ,= ! div9e  
law grants ! privilege1 lib]ty or p[] to
 z _m z believe on ! "n ( ,*ri/4 ,!     
primitive ,*ri/ians 7 ! *ildr5 ( ,god by
 fai? 9 ,jesus ,*ri/1 = z _m z 7 baptiz$
 into ,*ri/ put on ,*ri/4 ,gal4 iii1    
#bf1 #bg4 ,john said3 ,little *ildr51   
let no man deceive y3 he t do?          
righte\sness is righte\s1 ev5 z he is   
righte\s4 #a ,john iii1 #g4 ,if ye "k t 
he is righte\s1 ye "k t e "o t do?      
righte\sness is born ( him4 #a ,john ii1
 #bi4 ,! great appeal to man z a moral  
ag5t is 9 ^! words3 ,"k ye n t to :om ye
 yield y\rselves s]vants to obey1 8     
s]vants ye are to :om ye obey2 :e!r ( s9
 unto dea?1 or ( ob$i5ce unto           
righte\sness4 ,rom4 vi1 #af4 ,d y n "k  
?is8 ,d y n "k t y w receive1 9 ! great 
day1 accord+ to t :i* y h done1 :e!r x  
be good or bad8 ,!n :y n obey ! ,gospel 
& enjoy its promises8     ,,our         
,,indebt$ness ,,to ,,revelation--,no4   

,,vi4  ,,by ,p4,t4 ,,russell4   ,,!     
,,nature ,,( ,,man ,,necessitat$        
,,revelation4  ,! above proposition re/s
 ^u & is 9 h>mony ) all ! relations     
exi/+ betwe5 natural wants & supplies1  
be+ itself a supply4 ,does ! p[] (      
vision make light a necessity8 ,yes2 )\t
 x ! eye w\ld be useless4 ,c\ld man     
create 8 own light8 ,x has tak5 ages ^u 
ages to inv5t ! limit$ artificial light 
:i* we n[ h4 ,man is end[$ ) ! p[]s (   
locomotion4 ,c\ld he create an e>? to   
move ^u8 ,c\ld he create ! air = brea?+8
 ,7 ^! & all su* matt]s necessities8 ,& 
0 man entirely unable to provide = 8 own
 natural wants8 ,! faculties ) :i* man  
is end[$ call = ^! supplies1 & !y are   
necessities on acc\nt ( ! exi/5ce ( ^!  
faculties4 ,?9k ( a be+1 if y c1 ) !    
p[]s ( vision 9 ! entire abs5ce ( light1
 ) no air to brea! nor e>? to move ^u4  
,d y say su* w\ld be a gr& failure8 ,s x
 w\ld4 ,b ! ,creator has n giv5 p[]s to 
man = :i* he has no use1 hav+ no?+ to   
meet _! dem&s4 ,! exi/5ce ( a faculty or

 p[] leads logically to ! conclusion :i*
 all c&id1 intellig5t p h rea*$1 viz3 t 
! ,creator has made a supply = ! use ( e
 faculty1 or p[] :i* 0 design$ &        
provid$4 ,d y ask1 :at ( all ?is8 ,i    
answ]1 man has ! p[] to become religi\s1
 b he _h no m p[] to inv5t a supply =   
?is faculty ?an he _h to create light = 
! eye or air to brea!4 ,s ! necessity = 
?is mu/ be met ) a supply f ! ,creator z
 well z all o!r natural dem&s or p[]s4  
,n[1 z we h a desire = ! k t we are     
approv$ ( ,god1 & z religion consi/s 9  
?is k1 & 9 ! k ( our relations1 dep5d5ce
 & obligations to ,god2 &1 z we h b "o  
means ( obta9+ ?is k1 & t is ! means ( 8
 w conc]n+ u1 !n by kn[+ ?r\gh t w t our
 actions are su* z he desires &         
approves1 ! "o "q rema9s to be answ]$1  
,h[ c man obta9 ! k ( ! w ( ano!r       
conc]n+ himself8 ,ans4--,only by a      
revelation ( ! w ( ! "o to ! o!r4 ,i "k 
n ! w ( ! read] ( ?is essay conc]n+     
myself4 ,my /yle ( writ+ may n please   
him1 b if he w\ld tell me j h[ he wi%es 

me to write1 !n1 by foll[+ 8 directions1
 ,i %\ld obta9 ! k ( 8 approbation z a  
necess>y result exp]i5c$ 9 my own m5tal 
nature4 ,?is is pla91 b no m pla9 ?an   
,god's revelation to man & its results  
exp]i5c$ 9 consci\s k4   ,,an           
,,important ,,?\ght4  ,9 ord] to man's  
highe/ happ9ess1 all 8 p[]s mu/ be s    
call$ into activity by education t ea*  
faculty may act ) en]gy1 b at ! same "t 
9 exact h>mony ) all ( its k9dr$ p[]s4  
,!re mu/ be no cla%1 no j> nor friction4
 ,no "o p[] mu/ be highly ex]cis$ &     
cultivat$ at ! exp5se ( ! re/1 b ea* mu/
 be br\ght out by its own appropriate   
food4 ,mat]ial food is = ! body--x c n  
fe$ ^u ?\ght1 nor m9d ^u bread4 ,man    
%\ld n live ^u bread alone4 ,?is is an  
axiomatic tru? endors$ by man's two-fold
 nature4 ,if y fe$ & ex]cise ! body only
 y may acquire ! /r5g? ( an ,ajax1 b y\r
 c\nt5ance w be z /olid & y\r eye z dull
 z ! ,hott5tot's4 ,su* a fell[ w\ld be (
 almo/ no use :atev]4 ,add to !         
education ( ! body ! cultivation ( !    

intellect only2 n[ ! prospect is fe>ful1
 = ! intellect always works = its ma/]1 
& 9 ?is case1 ! man be+ )\t moral &     
religi\s tra9+1 ! ma/] ,w be 8 animal   
desires4 ,c y imag9e ! dep? ( infamy &  
pollution t is possible 9 ?is case8 ,!  
entire motive p[] t moves 8 intellect is
 c>nal1 s5sual & devili%4 ,he n[ ne$s ! 
sanction ( a high] au?ority4 ,! man is b
 half educat$4 ,!re are two gr\ps (     
faculties 9 8 nature t are ly+ dormant4 
,8 moral & religi\s p[]s h n z yet be5  
br\ght into action--!y h _h no food nor 
ex]cise1 & )\t ?is !re c be no          
developm5t4 ,^!1 z well z ! intellect & 
! body1 mu/ h _! own appropriate food1  
:i* mu/ be 9 k9d ) _! nature4 ,moral    
tru? is = ! moral p[]s4 ,?is directs u 9
 our moral relations & obligations to   
our fell[s ) :om we may be associat$4   
,religi\s tru? is = our religi\s        
faculties4 ,n[ add to all ?is ! sanction
 ( ! au?ority ( ,god1 :i* is l !        
balance-:eel 9 a wat*1 regulat+ &       
controll+ e movem5t4 ,man1 ?us educat$1 

is prep>$ to act 9 h>mony ) 8 entire    
nature4 ,he c n[ rea* a position (      
moral1 religi\s1 social & intellectual  
gr&eur wor?y ( 8 nature4  ,read]1 is all
 ( ?is dem&$ by ! elem5ts ( our nature8 
,!n a revelation ( ,god to man ( ! k ( 8
 be+1 wisdom1 goodness1 p[]1 au?ority & 
law 0 & is a necessity1 )\t :i* man mu/ 
h rema9$ 9 "p un$ucat$1 n p]fectly      
develop$4  ,is ! developm5t ( man's     
religi\s nature necess>y 9 ord] to a    
full1 p]fect & h>moni\s gr[?8 ,yes4 ,!re
 nei!r is1 nor c be1 a h>moni\s gr[?    
:ile any "o p[] is dw>f$ by />vation4   
,)\t ! k ( ,god man's religi\s p[]s mu/ 
rema9 dw>f$1 & ^! c n be f$ )\t a       
revelation4 ,are ^! p[]s s _m empty     
buckets1 nev] fill$ & nev] to be fill$8 
,no4 ,h5ce my conclusion1 t man's nature
 made revelation a necessity1 re/s ^u ! 
b$-rock ( tru?4 ,let him :o feels able  
try to %ake my position4   ,,revelation 
,,probable4  ,our s]ies ( essays are su*
 t ?is requires no argum5t "h4 ,!re are 
c]ta9 analogies t we may1 nev]!less1    

speak (1 :i* w n d[n at ! bidd+ (       
,david's fool4 ,! facts /& ?us3 a supply
 = ea* & e "o ( our o!r faculties1      
suffici5t 9 quantity = all _!           
necessities1 is plac$ )9 our rea* = _!  
use4 ,n[ let u look at ! analogy4 ,i h  
food to eat1 good wat] to dr9k1 light = 
! eye1 air to brea!1 & a good e>? to    
walk ^u & space 9 :i* to move1 beauties 
( nature to admire1 its music to li/5 to
 ) rapture1 & ?+s ) _! comb9ations to   
p]ceive & ?9k (4  ,n[1 ,mr4 ,skeptic1 y 
"k t man has religi\s faculties1 o!rwise
 he c\ld nev] become religi\s1 no m ?an 
he c\ld see )\t eyes & he> )\t e>s4 ,n[1
 :at say y8 ,did ! au?or ( all ?+s make 
a mi/ake "h by conf]r+ ^u u a p[] t w\ld
 be ( no use8 ,is ?is ! reason ( y\r    
rejection ( religion8 ,d y say x is ( no
 use8 ,or d y say t ! ,great ,creator & 
wise & m]ciful ,provid] =got to give a  
supply j "h8 ,come6 ,y boa/ ( reason4   
,give u y\r reason4 ,w y8 ,to "o or !   
o!r ( ^! conclusions y are irresi/ibly  
driv54 ,no o!r retreat is op54 ,take    

ei!r1 &1 if true1 ! h>mony ( ! univ]se  
is de/roy$4 ,take ei!r1 & y\r folly is s
 pla9 t x ne$s no words ( m9e to po9t x 
out4 ,?is is ! true conclusion2 all     
analogy po9ts directly & cle>ly to !    
probability & fact ( a revelation4   ,a 
,,revelation ,,( ,,t ,,:i* ,,0          
,,necess>y8  ,to answ] ?is "q we mu/    
keep 9 m9d ! nature ( man's religi\s    
p[]s1 & f ?is d$uce ! nature ( ! supply 
t is call$ =4 ,w\ld ! simple idea ( !   
exi/5ce ( a fir/ cause1 or creator ( all
 ?+s1 be suffici5t8 ,?is idea1 by       
itself1 c\ld n quick5 rev]5ce &         
adoration & a desire to wor%ip1 & )\t ^!
 !re is no religion4 ,w\ld a k1 by      
revelation1 ( ! p[]1 intellig5ce1 wisdom
 & goodness ( ,god be suffici5t 9 !     
abs5ce ( any?+ m8 ,no4 ,:at m8 ,w\ld x n
 be en\gh1 9 addition to :at y h nam$1  
to h a k ( our relation to & dep5d5ce ^u
 him = all we enjoy8 ,no2 we mu/ h "o ?+
 m %[n to u or ! :ole w be imp]fect &   
unwor?y ( ,god z its au?or4 ,religion c 
n be )\t some?+ to d1 & t some?+ mu/ be 

done ^u or by ! au?ority ( its au?or4   
,add ?is to all ! o!r items & ! sy/em is
 complete1 meet+ p]fectly ! necessities 
( man's nature4   ,,! ,,necess>y ,,ord] 
,,( ,,revelation4  ,! prop] arrangem5t (
 ! v>i\s p>ts ( any communication       
design$ to convey k f "o to o!rs1 is an 
important factor 9 ?is subject (        
revelation4 ,rememb] ! cle> is ! true4  
,?is is ! case 9 all me?odic            
arrangem5ts2 to ?is rule !re are no     
exceptions4 ,! fundam5tal tru? mu/ fir/ 
be develop$4 ,a *ild mu/ fir/ be        
in/ruct$ 9 ! rudim5ts ( numb]s 9 ord] to
 le>n ! sci5ce ( ma!matics1 o!rwise no  
s5sible progress c be made4 ,intricate  
problems 9 ,euclid are n to be pres5t$  
to beg9n]s = solution4 ,s1 9 religion1 !
 prim>y ?\ght ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god is !   
fir/ great tru? made kn[n4 ,second1 we  
are taught t he possesses p[]1 wisdom & 
goodness4 ,?is in/ruction mu/ also be   
adapt$ to ! capacity ( ^? :o are to be  
taught4 ,we "k t ! v "y m9d ne$s m      
simple in/ruction ?an ! adult4 ,z1 (    

necessity1 !re 0 a fir/ man1 & a "t :5 t
 fir/ man began to be1 s1 ( necessity1 9
 ! beg9n+ ( ! life ( t man1 h[ev]       
p]fectly develop$ 8 body might h be51 8 
m9d 0 infantile--de/itute ( ! fir/      
pr9ciples ( an education4  ,object      
lessons 7 call$ =4 ,"h !y come 9 hills &
 dales1 dry l&s & runn+ wat]s1 9 trees &
 v9es1 9 %rubs & grass1 fl[]s & fruits1 
bea/s1 birds & w+$ insects & creep+ ?+s1
 & high] up 9 ! sun ) 8 brilliant light1
 & 9 ! moon ) h] pal] rays1 & 9 all h]  
att5d+1 sp>kl+ />s4 ,"h are ! objects = 
man's fir/ lesson4 ,j n[ ! wise man (   
?is _w1 a skeptic1 asks ! "q1 ,c\ld n ! 
fir/ man1 ) all ^! objects be=e him1    
le>n by ! use ( reason ! fact t all ^!  
objects orig9at$ f a creator8 ,& if he  
c\ld he c]ta9ly ne$$ no revelation1 =1  
reason+ f nature up to nature's ,god1 he
 might !n1 f ! ord]1 beauty & h>mony (  
all1 rea* ! idea ( 8 "*1 & f ?is d$uce a
 k ( 8 w1 & if s a revelation 0 n       
necess>y4 ,?is seems to me v cle>1 & y  
(t5 say ! cle> is ! true4 ,?is is my    

reason = reject+ ! idea t a revelation 0
 ev] made4  ,w y1 ,mr4 ,*ri/ian1 grapple
 ) ?is8 ,i w\ld ) pleasure if !re 0     
any?+ 9 x to grapple )1 b y w see no?+  
real 9 y\r premises1 = objects tea* no?+
 )\t an in/ructor4 ,!re lies a brick1   
pick x up & exam9e its surface closely2 
d y1 f x1 rea* ! idea ( its mak]8 ,no4  
,yet ,i "k x mu/ h be5 made1 = ,i h se5 
o!r bricks made1 & ?is resembles !m4 ,v 
well4 ,did y ev] see worlds made1 &1 if 
s1 does our e>? resemble !m8 ,b :5 y saw
 ^? bricks made 7 !re n sev]al m5 engag$
 9 _! manufacture1 z well z horses8 ,!re
 is no analogy 9 y\r premises2 y beg !  
"q entirely2 y take ! :ole f\ndation =  
grant$2 y\r argum5t is z cle> z mud4    
,_h y se5 o!rs made by only "o mak]1 !n 
& only !n c\ld y by analogy h rea*$ ev5 
! idea t ours 0 made also4 ,also1 !     
mak]s ( ^? bricks may h be5 ( ! mo/ base
 & malignant disposition1 = y c le>n    
no?+ ( _! disposition f ! bricks2 !y    
only te/ify ( ! skill ( _! mak]s--?is is
 all4 ,d y n see t y give me no?+ to    

grapple )8 ,! tru? is ?is1 nature gives 
y no suffici5t f\ndation = religion4    
,revelation mu/ ( necessity furni% u )  
t4 ,)\t revelation no "o c le>n ( !     
exi/5ce & "* ( ,god4 ,! k ( 8 exi/5ce1  
p[] & wisdom might excite rev]5ce1 b ?is
 alone c\ld n br+ man's religi\s p[]s   
into activity4 ,to ?is mu/ be add$ ! k (
 8 goodness & k9dness t[>ds1 & 8 love (1
 ^? :o are requir$ to wor%ip him4 ,& 9  
addition to all ?is1 !re mu/ be a       
revelation ( ! div9e w conc]n+ human    
action1 = ! t]m wor%ip indicates        
submission & ob$i5ce2 )\t ?is1 v        
important elem5ts w\ld be want+1 & !    
sy/em %[ great imp]fection & want (     
wisdom--z man c\ld n le>n 8 relation nor
 obligation to t great ,creator &       
,pres]v] ( all4 ,b give 9 addition ! k (
 man's relation to & dep5d5ce ^u ,god1 )
 a k ( 8 w 9 ! =m ( law or comm&s1 )    
promises ( good annex$1 re/+ ^u !       
condition ( ob$i5ce4 ,su* a sy/em (     
revelation w\ld be p]fect1 fitt$ to !   
necessities ( human nature4 ,& y1 ,mr4  

,skeptic1 h agre$ ) me1 t ! nature ( man
 0 true & "r4 ,n[1 :5 we f9d a p]fectly 
/raight edge1 & !n f9d ano!r edge t fits
 x1 we "k t ! la/ is also p]fectly      
/raight1 = /raight & crook$ edges d n   
mat*4 ,hav+ already f\nd ! k9d ( a      
revelation t human nature made necess>y1
 9 my next ,i %all %[ t su* a revelation
 is conta9$ 9 ! ,bible4 ,!n z human     
nature is true1 & z ! ,bible's          
revelation is exactly fitt$ to x1 !     
inevitable conclusion w foll[ t ! ,bible
 does conta9 a revelation f ,god to man4
     ,,:]e ,,%all ,,we ,,take ,,infidels
 ,,to ,,get ,,!m ,,out ,,( ,,unbelief8  
,goe! says x is a law ( ! demons t !y   
mu/ get out at ! same place :]e !y      
sneak$ 94 ,?is is a v sugge/ive         
expression4 ,if a ma!matician makes a   
mi/ake 9 ! solution ( a problem 8 only  
*ance to get out ( ! difficulty lies j  
at ! po9t :]e ! mi/ake 0 made4 ,he mu/  
rema9 9 p]plexity until he f9ds ! mi/ake
 & corrects x4 ,?is law holds good 9 all
 our intellectual op]ations4 ,_m m5 are 

pr(ess$ly 9 unbelief4 ,h[ %all we get !m
 out8 ,?is is an important "q & ne$s to 
be well /udi$ by all ,*ri/ian m9i/]s4   
,if we c f9d out j h[ !y got 91 !n x w  
be easy to get ! hone/ ones out4 ,b x is
 well to rememb] t _m pr(ess$ infidels  
are only skeptics 9 he>t4 ,!y are       
unbeliev]s at w4 ,! mo/ effectual rem$y 
= su* unbelief1 z yet kn[n1 is an attack
 ( cramp colic1 or "s o!r fe>ful        
affliction4 ,"u su* circum/ances !y     
always surr5d]4 ,!re is n mu* *ance =   
,gospel means z long z a man's unbelief 
is simply a pr(ession4 ,8 disease is n  
"o ( ! head1 b ( ! he>t2 yet our law    
holds good "h4 ,! man himself may rep5t2
 may make to himself a new he>t & a new 
_s4 ,?is is 8 way out4 ,if a man gets   
into unbelief ?r\gh a misund]/&+ (      
,bible facts he w nev] get out %ort ( a 
bett] und]/&+ ( ^? same facts4  ,if he  
gets 9 ?r\gh ! impression t sci5ce & !  
,bible are 9 conflict1 !re is no way to 
get him out %ort ( a removal ( !        
impression4 ,h5ce ! importance ( m9i/]s 

be+ sci5ti/s4 ,_m unbeliev]s claim t !  
,bible & sci5ce conflict1 :o h nev]     
inve/igat$ !m1 & "k comp>atively no?+ ( 
ei!r4 ,?is class1 too1 is 9 ! majority4 
,!y are m5 :o ape c]ta9 lead]s1 be+ "u  
_! influ5ce4 ,_m ( !m love to h u "k t  
!y "k some?+ ab\t su* m5 z ,/rauss1     
not)/&+ _! ignorance ( ev5 ! man4 ,to h 
su* a m9d d _! ?9k+ is ! highe/ ( _!    
ambition4 ,!re is a good deal ( he>t    
disease ab\t ^! fell[s4 ,!y really glory
 9 ! names ( su* m5 z ,/rauss4 ,he 0 s  
f> away t !y nev] le>n$ ! fact t he 0   
divorc$ f 8 wife1 ! =m] actress1 ,agnese
 ,s*ebe/1 & sp5t 8 days go+ ab\t f place
 to place4 ,8 pseudo-!ology or my?ology 
end$ 9 a !atrical com$y1 & ! com$y 9 a  
trag$y4 ,9 #ahci ?is fam\s ,dr4         
,/rauss--:o resolv$ ! gospel hi/ory (   
salvation into an incoh]5t &            
self-contradictory my?ological poem1 &  
d5i$ ! exi/5ce ( a p]sonal ,god & !     
immortality ( ! s\l--0 duly elect$      
pr(essor ( ,*ri/ian dogmatics & e?ics 9 
! ,univ]sity ( ,zuri*1 by ! p>ty !n 9   

p[]1 :i* consi/$ mo/ly ( demagogues &   
frivol\s infidels4  ,b ! free ,swiss    
w\ld n submit1 s ! p ( ! ,canton (      
,zuri* rose 9 _! republican maje/y &    
m>*$ to ! city "u ! lead ( an en]getic  
pa/or1 & ) ! weapons :i* !y ha/ily      
collect$ sc>$ ! ,/rauss clique away2 !y 
v c\rage\sly took to _! heels2 !n ! p ( 
! ,canton ( ,zuri* plac$ ! gov]nm5t into
 ! h&s ( cons]vative1 tru/wor?y ,*ri/ian
 m51 & quietly retir$ to _! m\nta9 homes
 )\t %$d+ a drop ( blood4 ,! new        
gov]nm5t elect$ ,mr4 ,lange 9 ! place   
claim$1 b nev] occupi$1 by ,/rauss2 b   
,mr4 ,/rauss claim$ half ! sal>y1 & x is
 said t he enjoy$ x1 up to #aheg at     
lea/4  ,h[ mu* influ5ce c\ld su* a man 9
 our own c\ntry ex]t ov] ! ,am]ican m9d8
 ,= ^! facts t\*+ ! life ( ,/rauss1 see 
,g]many2 ,its ,univ]sities1 ,!ology &   
,religion1 by ,phillip ,s*aff1 pages    
#aja1 #chf4 ,! read] may rely ^u !      
quotations giv5 above4 ,i h tak5 !m ) ! 
book ref]r$ to op5 be=e me4  ,infidels  
:o inve/igate ! ,bible hone/ly1 )       

ref]5ce to an und]/&+ ( its cont5ts1 are
 unkn[n to u4 ,! ma/] spirits 9 unbelief
 give abundant evid5ce ( _! ignorance ( 
! scriptures ( ! ,bible4 ,n "o 9 a ?\s& 
ev] inve/igat$ ! scriptures ( ! ,bible )
 pure & hone/ motives4 ,_m h nev]       
inve/igat$ x at all4 ,to read a *apt] "h
 & !re = ! sole purpose ( f9d+ fault &  
gett+ up a difficulty1 is n             
inve/igation4 ,an hone/ inve/igation    
requires a v diff]5t c\rse4 ,all !      
evid5ce mu/ be br\ght into ! c\rt &     
pres5t$ 9 su* a mann] z to be und]/ood1 
j z x 0 giv51 o!rwise ! c\rt is n       
qualifi$ to decide righte\sly 9 ! case4 
,t all su* m5 z ,col4 ,+]soll h fail$ to
 ?us inve/igate ! ,bible is evid5t f !  
fact t !y1 to be l him1 mu/ be infidels 
9 all _! hi/ory4 ,x is publi%$ to ! _w t
 ! ,colonel 0 born an infidel4 ,he has  
be5 hack+ away at religion & ! ,bible   
ev] s9ce he 0 a small boy4 ,s 8         
infidelity is n ! result ( an intellig5t
 inve/igation ( ei!r sci5ce or religion4
 ,i w n und]take to say :at ! ,colonel's

 tr\ble is1 b if he 0 born an infidel x 
is possible1 accord+ to our law1 t he w 
die an unbeliev]4  ,_m infidels1 gov]n$ 
by a _s ( fanaticism1 und\bt$ly1 h      
labor$ ) z mu* e>ne/ness z if ! _w's    
salvation dep5d$ ^u _! ef=ts1 )\t ! lea/
 hope ( bett]+ its condition1 = ! false 
philosophy ( mat]ialism :i* !y advocate 
gives to a man no?+ to live = except 8  
own animal nature4 ,?is philosophy says 
all is well z long z y dodge ! %>p      
corn]s ( ! laws ( y\r c\ntry4 ,if !     
mat]iali/ c avoid pay+ f9es1 along ) all
 o!r p5alties ( ! laws ( 8 c\ntry1 :at  
ne$ he c>e = "o c\rse ( life 9 pref]5ce 
to ano!r8 ,d y say he has a consci5ce8  
,well1 x may be t x is n se>$ s t he is 
pa/ feel+4 ,v few m51 ,i "k1 ev] rea*   
su* a deprav$ condition4 ,& ?is is      
d\btless ! greate/ reason :y all        
infidels1 z a g5]al rule1 get into m5tal
 di/ress dur+ great bodily afflictions4 
,_m ( !m are conv]t$ by disease ( !     
body1 = two reasons3 fir/1 !y 7         
unbeliev]s at w1 j because x suit$ _!   

desires1 &1 second1 because !y are 9    
possession ( a religi\s nature or       
consci5ce4 ,b m5 :o are conv]t$ by      
disease ( ! body are liable to g back to
 ! old wall[ z soon z prosp]ity & heal? 
cr[n !m aga94  ,_m m5 are driv5 to      
irreligion ?r\gh its abuses4 ,i h (t5   
?\ght x a mis=tune t we ,am]icans are "u
 ! necessity ( meet+ ! infidel lit]ature
 ( ! old _w1 = ! simple reason t x is   
evolv$ out ( ! circum/ances peculi> to  
/ate *ur*es4 ,9 ,am]ica our religion is 
h]oic2 t is1 x re/s ^u ! m]its ( its own
 evid5ce1 & is support$ by ! volunt>y   
contributions ( ! p4 ,b 9 ,europe1 :]e !
 mass ( our infidel lit]ature comes f1  
,*ri/ianity is n free & indep5d5t1 b    
entangl$ ) ! affairs ( /ate1 & support$ 
by ! secul> arm4 ,! result is t         
difficulties are cont9ually aris+ out ( 
! unholy alliance :i* are disgu/+ to !  
indep5d5t sci5tific m9d4 ,! natural     
result is to drive su* p]sons into      
irreligion4 ,:]e m5 are educat$ 9 bo?   
sci5ce & religion1 & h n be5 all _!     

lives call$ ^u to look ^u religion 9 a  
secul> light1 tangl$ up 9 ! int]e/s (   
politics & law1 !re %\ld be no fe>s on  
acc\nt ( any lit]ature t infidels may   
pass ar\nd4 ,! mis=tune t ,i speak ( is 
n ) su* m51 b ) ! un$ucat$ 9 religion & 
sci5ce1 :o are m ?an anxi\s to f9d an   
excuse = irreligion4 ,*ri/ianity fe>s   
no?+ 9 ! light4        99      99       
99      99      99  ,! desires t h only 
a bodily end & aim1 t are unconnect$ ) !
 high1 holy1 & noble purposes ( a pure1 
true1 & good life1 are false desires1 & 
%\ld be ca/ (f4     ,,c\ncils--,no4     
,,ii4  ,,unity ,,( ,,! ,,roman ,,*ur*4  
,9 our ,octob] article on ,c\ncils we   
clos$ ) ! c\ncil t 0 assembl$ by ,mrs4  
,ir5e 9 ! ye> #ghg4 ,! ,franks1 hav+    
he>d t a c\ncil at ,con/ant9ople _h     
orda9$ ! adoration ( images1 assembl$1 9
 ! ye> #gid1 by ord] ( ,*>les1 son (    
,pep91 aft]w>ds nam$ ,*>lemagne1 a v    
num]\s c\ncil4 ,9 ?is c\ncil ! second   
c\ncil ( ,nice is spok5 ( z an imp]t95t 
& arrogant synod held 9 ,greece = !     

promotion ( ! wor%ip ( pictures4 ,?is   
c\ncil1 held at ,frank=t1 0 compos$ (   
?ree hundr$ cl]gym5 f ,engl&1 ,italy1   
,france & ,g]many4 ,av5t91 ,h9em> &     
,reg9a say ! ,frank=tians resc9d$ !     
decisions ( ! false ,grecian synod 9    
favor ( image wor%ip4  ,9 #hdb a gr&    
c\ncil 0 held at ,con/ant9ople1 conv5$  
by ! ,empress ,!odora4 ,"h ! wor%ip (   
images 0 solemnly e/abli%$4 ,! ,greeks  
/ill h a fea/ 9 honor ( ?is c\ncil call$
 ,or?odoxia4 ,!odora did n preside at   
?is c\ncil4  ,9 #hfa a c\ncil 0 held at 
,con/ant9ople consi/+ ( ?ree hundr$ &   
eighte5 bi%ops1 assembl$ by ! ,emp]or   
,mi*ael4 ,/4 ,ignatius1 patri>* (       
,con/ant9ople1 0 depos$ & ,photius      
elect$4  ,9 #hff ano!r c\ncil 0 held at 
,con/ant9ople1 9 :i* ,pope ,ni*olas     
,,iii4 0 depos$ = contumacy &           
excommunicat$4  ,9 #hfi 0 ano!r c\ncil  
at ,con/ant9ople2 9 ?is ,photius1 9     
turn1 0 depos$ & excommunicat$ & ,/4    
,ignatius re/or$4  ,9 #hgi ano!r c\ncil 
0 held 9 ,con/ant9ople1 9 :i* ,photius1 

already re/or$1 0 ackn[l$g$ z true      
patri>* by ! legates ( ,pope ,john      
,,viii41 :o decl>es all ^? to be        
,judases :o say t ! ,holy ,_s proce$s f 
! ,fa!r & ! ,son4  ,9 #aabb-c a c\ncil 0
 held at ,rome1 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,john (  
,lat]an1 by ,pope ,calixtus ,,ii4 ,?is 0
 ! fir/ g5]al c\ncil assembl$ by !      
popes4 ,! emp]ors ( ! we/ _h n[ sc>cely 
any au?ority1 & ! emp]ors ( ! ea/1      
press$ by ! ,mahometans & by ! crusad]s1
 held none b little wret*$ c\ncils4 ,9  
?is c\ncil ! bi%ops compla9$ heavily ( !
 monks4 ',!y possess1' said !y1 '!      
*ur*es1 ! l&s1 ! ca/les1 ! ti!s1 ! (f]+s
 ( ! liv+ & ! dead2 !y h only to take f 
u ! r+ & ! crosi]4' ,! monks rema9$ 9   
possession4  ,9 #aaci 0 ano!r c\ncil (  
,lat]an1 by ,pope ,innoc5t ,,ii4 ,x is  
said a ?\s& bi%ops 7 pres5t4 ,"h !      
ecclesia/ical ti!s are decl>$ to be (   
div9e "r1 & all laym5 possess+ any ( !m 
are excommunicat$4  ,9 #abae 0 ! la/    
g5]al c\ncil ( ,lat]an1 by ,pope        
,innoc5t ,,iii4 ,f\r hundr$ & twelve    

bi%ops & eight hundr$ abbots 7 "h4 ,?is 
0 9 ! "t ( ! ,crusades1 & ! popes h     
e/abli%$ a ,lat9 patri>* at ,j]usalem & 
"o at ,con/ant9ople4 ,^! patri>*s att5d 
?is c\ncil4 ,?is c\ncil decl>es1 among  
o!r ?+s1 t 'no "o c be sav$ out ( !     
,ca?olic *ur*4' ,! ^w transub/antiation 
0 n kn[n until aft] ?is c\ncil4 ,x =bade
 ! e/abli%m5t ( new religi\s ord]s2 b1  
s9ce t "t1 no less ?an eighty h be5     
in/itut$4 ,x 0 9 ?is c\ncil t ,raimond1 
,c\nt ( ,t\l\se1 0 /ripp$ ( all 8 l&s4  
,9 #abde a c\ncil assembl$ at ! city (  
,lyons4 ,innoc5t ,,iv4 br+s ?i!r !      
,emp]or ( ,con/ant9ople1 ,john          
,puleologus1 & makes him sit beside him4
 ,he deposes ! ,emp]or ,fr$]ick z a     
felon1 & gives ! c>d9als a r$ b1 z a    
sign ( ho/ility to ,fr$]ick1 & ! s\rce (
 ?irty ye>s ( civil w>4  ,9 #abgd ano!r 
c\ncil is held at ! city ( ,lyons4 ,five
 hundr$ bi%ops are pres5t1 sev5ty great 
& a ?\s& less] abbots4 ,! ,greek emp]or1
 ,mi*ael ,paleologus1 t he may h !      
protection ( ! ,pope1 s5ds 8 ,greek     

patri>*1 ,!ophanes1 to unite1 9 8 "n1 ) 
! ,lat9 *ur*2 b ! ,greek *ur* dis[ns ^! 
bi%ops4  ,9 #acaa ,pope ,clem5t ,v4     
assembl$ a g5]al c\ncil 9 ! small t[n ( 
,vi5ne1 9 ,dauph9y1 9 :i* he aboli%es ! 
ord] ( ! ,templ>s4 ,x is "h orda9$ t !  
,beg>es1 ,begu9s & ,begu9es %all be     
burn$4 ,^! 7 a species ( h]etics 'to :om
 0 imput$ all t _h =m]ly be5 imput$ to !
 primitive ,*ri/ians4' ,s says          
,voltaire4 ,he does n1 l ! pitiful      
blasphem+ infidels ( to-day1 try to heap
 all ?is corruption ( ! d>k ages ^u     
primitive ,*ri/ianity4 ,no6 ,! hull (   
,voltaire's s\l 0 too great = su* a de$4
  ,9 #adad ! great c\ncil ( ,con/ance 0 
assembl$ by an emp]or :o resumes 8      
rights1 viz3 by ,sigismund4 ,"h ,pope   
,john ,,xxiii41 convict$ ( num]\s       
crimes1 is depos$1 & ,john ,huss &      
,j]ome ( ,sprague convict$ ( ob/9acy &  
burn$4  ,9 #adca a c\ncil 0 held at     
,basle1 :]e !y 9 va9 depose ,pope ,eug5e
 ,,iv41 :o is too clev] = ! c\ncil4 ,?is
 0 a /ormy c\ncil1 & x is said t ,eug5e 

regrett$ 9 8 old age t he ev] left 8    
mona/]y4  ,9 #adch a c\ncil assembl$ at 
,f]r>a1 transf]r$ to ,flor5ce1 :]e !    
excommunicat$ pope excommunicates !     
c\ncil1 & decl>es x guilty ( high       
treason4 ,"h a feign$ union is made ) ! 
,greek *ur*1 cru%$ by ! ,turki% synods  
held sword 9 h&4  ,pope ,julius ,,ii4   
w\ld h _h 8 c\ncil ( ,lat]an 9 #aeab    
pass = an ecum5ical c\ncil4 ,9 x t pope 
solemnly excommunicat$ ,l\is ,,xii41 ,k+
 ( ,france1 laid ,france "u an int]dict1
 summon$ ! :ole ,p>liam5t ( ,prov5ce to 
appe> be=e him1 & excommunicat$ all !   
philosoph]s because mo/ ( !m _h tak5 "p 
) ,l\is ,,xii4 ,yet ?is c\ncil 0 n l t (
 ,ephesus1 call$ ! c\ncil ( robb]s4  ,9 
#aecg ! c\ncil ( ,tr5t 0 fir/ assembl$  
at ,mantua1 by ,paul ,,iii41 aft]w>ds at
 ,tr5t1 9 #aedc1 & t]m9at$ 9 ,dec41     
#aefa1 "u ,pius ,,vi4 ,see vol4 ,phil4  
,dic4  ,pope ,pius ,,ix4 conv5$ a c\ncil
 9 #ahfi1 :i* 9 ,july1 #ahgj1 decre$ !  
p]sonal infallability ( ! ,pope 9 matt]s
 ( fai? & morals1 to be a dogma ( !     

*ur*4  ,read]1 if y w dige/ ?is little  
piece ( hi/ory1 y w d\btless discov]    
good reasons = ass]t+ ! "r ( private    
judgm5t & ! lib]ty ( consci5ce4 ,tru?   
/&s true to h] god2 m5 alone vascillate4
     ,,free-,,?\ght ,,9 ,,g]many1       
,,france ,,& ,,russia1 ,,or ,,russian   
,,nihilism4  ,,by ,,fitz ,,cunliffe     
,,ow54 ,,libr>y ,,mag4 ,,vol4 #c4       
,rationalism & radicalism exi/ to a     
c]ta9 ext5t 9 e c\ntry ( ,europe4 ,b !  
,social ,democrats ( ,g]many & ,au/ria &
 ! ,communi/s ( ,france & ,spa9 turn )  
horror f ,russian revolutioni/s1 :o     
consid] ! programme ( ! ,p>is commune ( 
#ahga condemnably weak1 & ,felix ,pyat1 
,clus]et & _! companions z little bett] 
?an cons]vatives4 ,! ,social ,democrats 
& ev5 ! ,communi/s ( ! re/ ( ,europe h 9
 view aims :i*1 no matt] h[ fanta/ic1   
are always ( a suffici5tly def9$ nature4
 ,!y look =w>d to an entirely democratic
 =m ( gov]nm5t1 & hope = a recognization
 ( ! social _w1 "u :i* all capital &    
prop]ty w\ld be held ei!r by ! ,/ate or 

,commune = ! equal b5efit ( ev]ybody4   
,!y are levell]s1 b !y are n de/roy]s4  
,take ! "r ( prop]ty f ! citiz5s ( a    
gov]nm5t & ! greate/ motive to indu/ry &
 prosp]ity is gone4  ,! revolution>y    
p>ty 9 ,russia has no def9ite aims (    
ei!r reorganization or improvem5t4 ,9   
its sight ev]y?+ z x n[ exi/s is rott51 
& be=e any?+ new & good c be creat$ all 
exi/+ in/itutions mu/ be utt]ly de/roy$4
 ,religion1 ! /ate1 ! family1 laws1     
prop]ty1 morality1 are all equally      
odi\s1 & mu/ be root$ out & aboli%$4 ,x 
is because no?+1 z x exi/s at pres5t1   
f9ds favor 9 _! eyes t !y h be5 call$   
,nihili/s4 ,!y ma9ta9 t no "o %\ld be   
b\nd by laws or ev5 moral obligations ( 
any k9d1 b t e body %\ld be all[$ to d  
exactly z he pleases4 ,!y desire to     
break up ! actual social organization   
into m]e individualism1 ) entire        
indep5d5ce = ea* sep>ate p]son4 ,_!     
object is an>*y 9 ! v true/ s5se ( ! ^w4
 ,!y are only mode/ en\gh to decl9e !   
attempt to create a new ord] ( ?+s 9 !  

place ( :at !y propose to de/roy4 ,t !y 
int5d to leave = a bett] & m enlight5$  
g5]ation4 ,! foll[+1 f a ,nihili/ pap]1 
,n>odnia ,volya 7,! ,w ( ! ,p71 :i* is  
publi%$ at ,/4 ,pet]sburg by means (    
secret presses1 w set !m =? 9 _! true   
inw>dness3  ,! ,russian press is b5t    
almo/ d\ble by ! imp]ial gov]nm5t4      
,not)/&+ its disagreeable position x    
does its utmo/ to curry favor ( its     
oppressors4 ,:5ev] !fts1 murd]s1 or     
inc5di>isms take place 9 ,russia ! press
 inv>iably attributes !m to ! ,nihili/s4
 ,!re is an old prov]b :i* says1 ',sl&]1
 sl&]2 "s result w always be obta9$4'   
,judg+ f ! tone ( ! press "s result has 
be5 obta9$4 ,accord+ to its /atem5ts !  
,nihili/s are little bett] ?an wild     
bea/s4 ,we d n v5ture to ass]t t !re are
 no bad m5 9 our ranks1 b are y\rs      
entirely free f !m8 ,! numb] ( bad      
p]sons among ! ,nihili/s is s v small t 
we ne$ h>dly enum]ate !m4 ,s9ce #ahfb   
ov] #ag1jjj p]sons h be5 exil$ to       
,sib]ia = political (f5ses4  ,y accuse u

 ( adopt+ means ( action :i* are        
unju/ifiable 9 e way4 ,b :at c we d8 ,we
 are r$uc$ to sil5ce4 ,we only adopt    
que/ionable means ( action v r>ely1 & !n
 only 9 self-def5se2 :]eas y use !m     
daily4  ,! money obta9$ f private       
individuals by means ( !ft & blackmail  
has n be5 levi$ by ord] ( ! 'committee1'
 b by c]ta9 unscrupul\s ,nihili/s act+  
on _! own behalf4 ,h[ev]1 we are all ! m
 ready to admit t su* ?+s h be5 done :5 
we rememb] t only five su* cases are    
kn[n to h tak5 place4  ,d n accuse u (  
be+ murd]]s1 because ( our attempts to  
take ! life ( ,8 ,mo/ ,sacr$ ,maje/y8   
,:y1 we w\ld mo/ gladly accompli% 8     
de/ruction1 & he has only escap$ until  
n[ 9 consequ5ce ( ! _m c[>ds 9 our      
ranks6 ,x has be5 /at$ t ,sol[jew's     
attempt 9 ,april la/ has di/urb$ ! re/ &
 peace ( m9d ( _m h>mless & respectable 
citiz5s4 ,"s ( ! ,lib]al pap]s ev5 g s  
f> z to say t x w h ! effect ( produc+ a
 reaction 9 favor ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,:y1 :at
 idle & /upid talk6 ,^! good newspap]   

proprietors1 :o love _! ease & _! books1
 mu/ h be5 asleep n to h p]ceiv$ t !    
reaction began sixte5 ye>s ago1 n 9     
favor ( ! gov]nm5t1 b aga9/ x4  ,we are 
q p]suad$ t if ,sol[jew's attempt _h    
succe$$1 ev]ybody w\ld talk 9 a diff]5t 
mann]1 ev5 ! slaves & asses :o surr\nd$ 
! ?rone w\ld h rejoic$4  ,d n be        
surpris$ at ^! political assass9ations1 
b r be a/oni%$ t !y are n m frequ5t4    
,un=tunately = our cause1 ! ,nihili/s   
are too humanit>ian1 & h5ce are         
incapable ( c>ry+ out _m necess>y       
measures4 ,p]haps 9 "t !y w acquire !   
aptitude necess>y 9 critical mom5ts2    
p]haps x w be y\r conduct :i* w effect  
?is *ange 9 !m4 ,!n 9 t case !          
responsibility ( t]rorism & assass9ation
 w re/ ) y1 & n ) u4        99      99  
99      99      99  ,h[ _m amus+ &      
ridicul\s sc5es %\ld we witness if ea*  
pair ( m5 t secretly laugh at ea* o!r 7 
to d x op5ly6     ,,axioms ,,ly+ ,,at   
,,! ,,f\ndation ,,( ,,all ,,philosophy  
,,& ,,religion4   ,out ( no?+1 no?+     

comes4 ,into no?+1 no?+ goes4 ,^! are   
f\ndation axioms und]ly+ ! entire sy/em 
( ,*ri/ian !ology4 ,! fir/ looks        
backw>d1 & ! second looks =w>d4 ,! fir/ 
correllates ) ! say+1 ,s ?+s :i* are se5
 7 n made ( ?+s :i* d appe>4 ,! conv]se 
( ?is is ! foll[+3 ,?+s :i* are se5 7   
made ( unse5 ?+s2 t is1 ! visible       
univ]se is ! manife/ation ( ! invisible4
 ,! real univ]se is ! invisible4 ,!re is
 no?+ t c n be ?r[n into ! invisible4   
,ev5 ! diamond has be5 ?r[n into        
solution1 & all solutions may be ?r[n   
into ! invisible by heat4 ,! "q1 ,:at is
 matt]8 has puzzl$ ! be/ m9ds ( e>?1 &  
puzzl$ all1 bo? infidels & ,*ri/ians1 z 
mu* z any o!r "q4 ,! visible1 organic   
univ]se 0 creat$1 b x 0 creat$ out ( !  
invisible4 ,! invisible is et]nal4 ,!re 
is an et]nal _w1 & t is ! invisible &   
real univ]se1 )\t :i* ! visible w\ld n  
be1 = ( no?+1 no?+ comes4 ,all matt] is 
to be ref]r$ to antec$5t sub/ance--t :i*
 lies "u & causes x to be4 ,sub/ance1   
/rictly speak+1 lies 9 ! invisible4     

,matt]1 prop]ly speak+1 is an effect1   
:i* is ! visible manife/ation ( an unse5
 sub/ance1 & ?is is et]nal4  ,god creat$
 ! univ]se by means ( et]nal sub/ance4  
,he is ! k+ et]nal4 ,! "t nev] 0 :5 he 0
 ! k+ ( no?+4 ,x is said ( ,leibnitz t  
he ?\ght in]t matt] insuffici5t to      
expla9 ! ph5om5a ( body1 & _h rec\rse to
 ! entele*ies ( ,ari/otle1 or !         
sub/antial =ms ( s*ola/ic philosophy1   
conceiv+ ( !m z primitive =ces1         
con/itut+ ! sub/ance ( matt]1 atoms (   
sub/ance1 b n ( matt] imp]i%able1 b     
subject to trans=mation4 ,?is view ( !  
atomic !ory is two-fold3 ,fir/1 ! atomic
 invisible1 z ! v t]m atom indicates1 = 
x is f ha temno1 :i* means n            
cut--lit]ally indivisible4 ,y c't cut an
 atom *emically or o!rwise1 unless y are
 work+ ^u t :i* is an atom 9 ! loose & m
 mod]n s5se ( ! t]m4 ,y may r$uce matt] 
*emically to ! invisible or und]ly+     
sub/ance1 b beyond ?is y c n cut8 ,c y  
run x into no?+8 ,no4 ,into no?+ no?+   
goes4 ,physici/s are indebt$ to ! olde/ 

philosoph]s1 :o liv$ prior to           
,democrites1 = ! use ( ! t]m atom4 ,^?  
olde/ philosoph]s us$ ! t]m to indicate 
some?+ t 0 n matt]1 viz3 immat]ial      
sub/ance4 ,! t]m 9 its prim>y s5se is   
applicable n[h]e else4  ,! invisible _w 
( sub/ance is und\bt$ly et]nal4 ,b ^? m5
 :o try to make ?is fact an argum5t     
aga9/ ! exi/5ce ( ,god are guilty ( !   
mo/ /upid nons5se & impud5ce1 =1 hav+   
all[$ et]nity n only to sub/ance1 b to  
mat]ial sub/ance1 !y h no "r 9 logic to 
d5y et]nity to life & m9d2 because x is 
z easy1 & z rational1 to conceive ( !   
et]nity ( "o ?+ kn[n to exi/ z ( ano!r4 
,b ! idea t ! visible _w is et]nal is 9 
direct conflict ) ! facts ( sci5ce1 :i* 
e/abli% beyond contradiction ! mutable  
nature ( all organiz$ bodies4 ,ari/otle1
 ?\gh a believ] 9 ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 did 
affirm ! _w's et]nity1 & !re=e held t   
!re nev] 0 any fir/ male or female 9 !  
hi/ory ( any animals :atsoev]1 b        
affirm$1 on ! contr>y t "o begat ano!r  
inf9itely1 )\t any beg9n+4 ,?is ?\ght 0 

s repugnant to common s5se t ,ari/otle  
himself seem$ to be skeptical ab\t x1   
admitt+ x to be a disputable ?+4 ,aft]  
affirm+ 8 notion he add$1 ,if ! _w _h a 
beg9n+1 & if m5 7 once e>?-born1 !n mu/ 
!y h be51 9 all probability1 ei!r g5]at$
 z worms1 out ( putrefaction1 or else   
out ( eggs4 ,b ! "q comes up = an answ]1
 ,f :5ce came ! eggs8  ,old ,epicurus1  
aft] ,ari/otle1 fanci$ t ! fir/ m5 &    
animals 7 =m$ 9 c]ta9 wombs or bags gr[+
 out ( ! e>?1 by a =tuit\s conc\rse (   
dead atoms4 ,"h we h ! la/ home /ret* ( 
all physici/s 9 _! ef=ts to get rid ( ! 
,*ri/ian idea ( creation2 beyond x no   
mod]n infidel has travel$ 9 8           
speculations1 nor ev] w4  ,b if m5 7 =m$
 f eggs gr[+ out ( ! e>?1 or f bags1 or 
f wombs creat$ by a =tuit\s conc\rse (  
dead atoms1 by *ance1 :y1 ! motion (    
atoms be+ z brisk & vigor\s z ev]1 %\ld 
we n expect ! same ?+ to occur          
occasionally ?r\gh\t all ! ages8        
,anaxim&]1 h[ev]1 conclud$ t m51 because
 !y require long] "t ?an o!r animals to 

be hat*$ up1 7 at fir/ g5]at$ 9 !       
bellies ( fi%es1 & !re n\ri%$ till !y 7 
able to def5d & %ift = !mselves1 & 7 !n 
disgorg$ & ca/ ^u dry l&4 ,s we are     
driv5 to ! conclusion t !re is no?+ 9 ! 
_w too absurd = ^? m51 bo? anci5t &     
mod]n1 to swall[ d[n 9 _! ef=ts to get  
rid ( ! notion ( an intellig5t creation 
by ! h& ( an intellig5t creator4        
,,e/oppels2 ,,or1 ,,fossilization4   ,9 
our religion we f9d no law requir+      
uni=mity ( ?\ght4 ,?9k ! same ?+s4 ,be (
 ! same op9ion4 ,^! & l /atem5ts are no 
"p ( our religion4 ,fai? & op9ion are n 
! same4 ,all ,*ri/ians h "o fai?1 ! fai?
 ( ,*ri/4 ,be ( ! same m9d & ( ! same   
judgm5t4 ,speak ! same ?+s4 ,^! are to  
be tak5 9 _! prop] relations4 ,! made up
 judgm5t is ! result ( fai? 9 ! judgm5t 
( ,*ri/4 ,i judge no?+ by myself2 he t  
judge? me is ! ,"l4 ,! "o great m9d     
enjo9$ is ! result ( ?\ght ^u ! "o great
 subject ( ! life ( ,*ri/1 :i* is giv5 z
 ! light ( m54 ,^! imp]atives are summ$ 
up 9 ! beautiful expression1 ,let ?is   

m9d be 9 y :i* 0 also 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus4   
,uni=mity ( ?\ghts or op9ions is a v    
diff]5t ?+4 ,a man w\ld be consid]$     
worse ?an a knave :o w\ld ?r[ *a9s ar\nd
 ! human intellect1 s z to put an end to
 progress 9 ?\ght2 x w\ld be ! /agnation
 ( all 9 :i* we are mo/ int]e/$4        
,*ri/ians are n to be *>g$ ) any su*    
wick$ness1 = !y are us+ all _! p[]s to  
produce ?\ght2 money & tal5t are freely 
be/[$ 9 _m ways to get m5 to ?9k1 & !n  
decide1 n 9 ref]5ce to op9ions b facts2 
n 9 ref]5ce to ?+s :i* are matt]s (     
op9ion only1 b ( ! liv+ object ( fai?1  
,*ri/ & ,*ri/ian duty4 ,!re is no sy/em 
( ?+s 9 :i* inve/igation1 lib]ty ( ?\ght
 & action1 ^u all matt]s ( int]e/ to our
 humanity1 bo? z respects ?is _w & ! _w 
to come1 is m enc\rag$ & insi/$ ^u4     
,wick$ & unholy ?\ghts only are         
prohibit$4  ,:o w\ld pa9t e fl[] ( !    
same hue8 ,:o w\ld trim all ! trees ( ! 
=e/ into "o & ! same %ape8 ,or1 :o is s 
fooli% z to want all faces ca/ into "o  
m\ld8 ,:o w\ld *a9 human ?\ght or m\ld !

 op9ions ( m5 s t !y %\ld n only be "o 9
 ,*ri/1 ! greate/ liv+ fact 9 hi/ory1 b 
"o 9 e o!r be+ kn[n 9 ! _w's hi/ory--"o 
9 op9ions8 ,! freei/ ?+ 9 ! univ]se is  
?\ght4 ,! lib]ties ( ?\ght are *>t]     
lib]ties f ! ,k+ ( ,k+s4 ,! _s ( man is 
free 9 its normal /ate4 ,y c n *a9 x 9  
slav]y aga9/ its w4 ,no4 ,x kn[s no     
s]vitude b ! volunt>y4 ,b1 !n1 its w&]+s
 are _m4 ,9 ! field ( se>* aft] beauty1 
rectitude & tru?1 _m m9ds may come into 
collision4 ,b great] evils w\ld result f
 *a9+ !m all to "o spot1 & ?us end+     
progress 9 _m ?+s ( int]e/ ly+ 9 ! realm
 ( ?\ght4 ,( all ! v>ieties kn[n among  
m5 ^? ( ?\ght are ! mo/ sublime &       
useful4  ,?is v>iety causes !           
inve/igation ( e int]e/2 x br+s e tru? &
 e error to ! surface4  ,m5 h made _m   
attempts to *eck ! onw>d m>* (          
intellect4 ,b e attempt 9 t direction is
 m>k$ by "s great dread4 ,m5 are n      
anxi\s to put on ! brakes unless !y are 
9 fe> ( be+ wreck$4 ,no?+ is m dang]\s 9
 any gov]nm5t ?an p]fect indiff]5ce to  

public int]e/s4 ,m5 9 places ( public   
tru/ always ne$ wat*+4 ,irresponsible   
p[]1 x is said1 w\ld corrupt an         
ar*angel1 & is1 d\btless1 unkn[n among !
 inhabitants ( ! bett] l&4 ,among m5 !re
 is great liability4 ,e political       
c&idate has 8 accusations1 8 promises1 &
 s*eme1 ) :i* he confronts 8 rival &    
agitates ! m9ds ( ! p4 ,s we h be5 sav$ 
f t /agnation ( ?\ght :i* has ret>d$    
progress among o!r nations4 ,_m m51     
seek+ (fice1 h be5 wise en\gh to see !  
dang] to _! int]e/s ( an expose (       
corruption4 ,s !y h be5 p]fectly will+ t
 me*anics1 artisans & f>m]s %\ld        
inve/igate & expose to public view all !
 que/ions ( int]e/ belong+ to our       
gov]nm5t1 b good ,*ri/ians1 & especially
 prea*]s1 ent]+ ! field ( political     
inve/igation1 at once =feit _! "r to !  
cr[n ( life4787  ,b j h[ x is t lawy]s1 
doctors & politicians w all rea* heav5 9
 spite ( political action1 & prea*]s w  
s9k to p]dition on acc\nt ( ! same1 is a
 problem among problems t has nev] yet  

be5 satisfactorily solv$4 ,are we to    
conclude t su* m5 z ,g5]als ,hancock &  
,g>field1 along ) a great _m m1 _h1 & h1
 no religion to be di/urb$8 ,or is !re a
 d\ble portion ( sacrifice1 ! sacrifice 
( pr9ciple & lib]ty1 dem&$ at ! h&s (   
m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel ( ,*ri/8 ,h[ is ?is8 
,we are anxi\s to "k4 ,are ! politicians
 ( ! c\ntry ! volunt>y scapegoats ( !   
nation1 :o risk _! own salvation =      
political toil1 :i*1 f its "*1 w\ld1    
accord+ to a v common op9ion1 kill out !
 religion ( all ! sa9ts 9 ,am]ica8      
,surely we ought to feel grateful to !  
political s9n]s :o s will+ly take all ! 
risk ( be+ %ut out ( ,p>adise t !y may h
 ! exclusive "r ( controll+ ! (fices ( !
 gov]nm5t4 ,!y seem to say to u         
,*ri/ians1 ,he> u1 ye h>d-?9k+ toil]s & 
aspirants to ! realms ( bliss :ile we   
proclaim to y ! p]ils ( our position2 we
 w>n y aga9/ ! crime ( accu/om+         
y\rselves to ! inve/igation ( !         
political & civil int]e/s ( ! day1 & let
 n y\r dev\t m$itations be di/urb$ by   

secul> pursuits4 ,read y\r ,bibles & o!r
 pi\s books2 att5d to all y\r pray]     
meet+s & all y\r philan?ropic societies4
  ,:at is ! object ( all ?is pi\s       
policy8 ,is x to keep ! national m9d z  
f> z possible 9 a /ate ( political      
/agnation1 or1 o!rwise1 to o/racise     
politically ! prea*]s ( ! l& ) ref]5ce  
to p>ty success8 ,h[ is ?is8 ,are !     
prea*]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates a dang]\s     
elem5t 9 our l&8 ,if !y are1 !n ! few]  
we h ( !m ! bett] we are (f4 ,d any b   
infidels take t view ( ! subject8 ,x    
correllates ) infidelity1 b n )         
,*ri/ianity4     ,,to ,,keep ,a ,,room  
,,pure4   ,to keep a room purifi$ x is  
only necess>y to keep a pit*] or "s o!r 
vessel full ( wat] 9 x4 ,! wat] w absorb
 all ! respir$ gases4 ,! cold] ! wat] is
 ! great] is its capacity to hold !     
gases4 ,at ord9>y temp]ature a pail (   
wat] w absorb a p9t ( c>bonic acid gas &
 sev]al p9ts ( ammonia4 ,! capacity is  
ne>ly d\bl$ by r$uc+ ! wat] to !        
temp]ature ( ice4 ,wat] kept a:ile 9 a  

room is unfit = use4 ,! pump %\ld always
 be empti$ be=e cat*+ wat] = use4       
,impure wat] is m injuri\s ?an impure   
air4        99      99      99      99  
99  ,man1 be+ ess5tially active1 mu/ f9d
 9 activity 8 joy1 z well z 8 beauty &  
glory1 & labor1 l ev]y?+ else t is good1
 is its own rew>d4     ,,int]e/+        
,,facts4   ,glass w9d[s 7 us$ = lights 9
 #aahj4  ,*imneys fir/ put up to h\ses 9
 #abcf4  ,tall[ c&les = lights 9 #abij4 
,spectacles inv5t$ by an ,italian 9     
#abdj4  ,pap] made f l95 9 #acjb4       
,wool5 clo? made 9 ,engl& 9 #acda4  ,art
 ( pr9t+ f movable types 9 #addj4  ,!   
fir/ book pr9t$ ) movable types 9 #adej4
  ,wat*es fir/ made 9 ,g]many 9 #addg4  
,telescopes inv5t$ by ,porta & ,janson 9
 #aeij4  ,tea fir/ br\ght f ,*9a to     
,europe 9 #aeja4  ,circulation ( blood  
discov]$ by ,h]vey 9 #afaj4  ,newspap]  
fir/ e/abli%$ 9 #afbi4  ,p5dulum clocks 
fir/ inv5t$ 9 #afci4  ,b>omet] inv5t$ by
 ,torricelli 9 #aece4  ,/eam eng9e      
inv5t$ 9 #afdi4  ,bread made ) yea/ 9   

#afej4  ,cotton plant$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 9 #agei4  ,fire eng9e inv5t$ 9 #afhe4  
,telegraph inv5t$ by ,morse 9 #ahcb4    
99      99      99      99      99      
,,cure ,,= ,a ,,felon4--,take common    
salt1 dry x 9 ! ov51 !n p\nd x f9e & mix
 x ) turp5t9e1 equal p>ts4 ,put x on a  
rag & wrap x ar\nd ! f+]1 & z soon z x  
gets dry put on "s m1 & 9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs
 ! felon w be z dead z a door           
nail4--,old ,mr4 ,mix4   ,transcrib]'s  
,note  ,! punctuation & spell+ f !      
orig9al text h be5 fai?fully pres]v$4   
,only obvi\s typographical errors h be5 
correct$4