material from the ,google ,print project47 ,illustration3 ,,rev4 ,w4 ,g4 ,,brownlow4 ,,americanism ,,contrasted ,,with ,foreignism1 ,romanism1 and ,bogus ,democracy1 ,,in ,,the ,,light ,,of ,,reason1 ,,history1 ,,and ,,scripture2 ,,in ,,which ,,certain ,,demagogues ,,in ,,tennessee1 ,,and ,,elsewhere1 ,,are ,,shown ,,up ,,in ,,their ,,true ,,colors4 ,,by ,,william ,g4 ,,brownlow1 ,,editor ,,of ,,brownlow',s ,,knoxville ,,whig4 ----,go to your bloody rites again3 ,preach--perpetuate damnation in your den2 ,then let your altars1 ye blasphemers1 peal ,with thanks to ,heaven1 that let you loose again1 ,to practice deeds with torturing fire and steel1 ,no eye may search1 no tongue may challenge or reveal6 ,,thomas ,,campbell4 ,nashville1 ,tenn43 ,,published ,,for ,,the ,,author4 #ahef4 ,,entered1 according to ,act of ,congress1 in the year #ahef1 by ,,william ,g4 ,,brownlow1 ,in the ,clerk's office of the ,district ,court for the ,middle ,district of ,tennessee4 ,dedication4 ,,to ,,the ,,young ,,men ,,of ,,america4 ,,young ,,gentlemen3--,almighty ,god has conferred on you the peculiar honor and the eminent responsibility of preserving and perpetuating the liberties of this country1 both civil and religious4 ,that the ,american people are on the eve of an eventful period1 will not be doubted by any sane man1 who can discern the signs of the times4 ,indeed1 it is an every-day remark1 that1 as a nation1 we are in the midst of a crisis4 ,if1 however1 a crisis ever did exist in the affairs of this ,nation1 since its independence was first achieved1 which called upon the ,,native ,,and ,,legal ,,voters of the country to watch with sleepless vigilance over their blood-bought liberties1 that crisis must be dated in the year of our ,lord1 ,,one ,,thousand ,,eight ,,hundred ,,and ,,fifty-,,six6 ,the great ,commonwealth of ,humanity1 in behalf of the momentous interests of ,truth1 ,liberty1 and ,religion1 calls upon the present generation of ,,young ,,men1 who will have the issues of a coming revolution to meet1 to qualify themselves for the task4 ,there never was a time known1 since the dark days of the ,revolution1 when the civil and religious liberties of this country were so much endangered as at the present time4 ,this danger we are threatened with from ,foreign influence1 and the rapid strides of ,romanism1 to which we may add ,native treachery1 connived at1 as they are1 by certain leading demagogues of the country1 and a powerful and influential political party1 falsely called ,democrats1 who seek the ,foreign and ,catholic vote1 and are willing to obtain it at the expense of ,liberty1 and the sacrifice of the ,protestant ,religion6 ,the great criminal of the nineteenth century1 the ,,papal ,,hierarchy1 is now on trial before the bar of public opinion1 having been arraigned by the ,,american ,,party4 ,you are called on to decide1 ,,young ,,men1 as you wield the balance of power1 whether this ,criminal1 arraigned for treason against ,god1 and hostility to the human race1 deserves the execrations of all honest and patriotic men1 and avenging judgments of a righteous ,god6 ,in order to decide this grave question1 ,,young ,gentlemen of the ,nineteenth ,century1 you are to consider the inevitable tendency of the principles of the ,church of ,rome--the actual results of these tendencies as embodied in history--the indictment brought in by the ,,american ,,party1 and the testimony of the witnesses4 ,when you have intelligently considered the part the self-styled ,democratic ,party has acted in this infamous drama1 you will feel it to be your duty to indict the corporation claiming the right to be called the ,great ,democratic ,party1 as accessory to the treason1 crimes1 and infamy1 of the aforesaid ,papal ,hierarchy6 ,to you1 then1 ,gentlemen1 is this brief work most affectionately inscribed by ,,the ,,author4 ,,preface4 ,for the last twenty-five years1 the writer of this work has employed much of his time in the reading and study of the controversy between ,roman ,catholics and ,protestants4 ,and those who have been subscribers to the paper he has edited and published for the ,,last ,,seventeen ,,years1 will bear him witness that he has kept up a fierce and unceasing fire against that dangerous and immoral ,corporation1 claiming the right to be called the ,,holy ,,catholic ,,church4 ,this he has done1 and still continues to do1 because he believes firmly that the system of ,popery1 as taught in the standards of the ,church of ,rome1 as enforced by her ,bishops and ,priests1 and as believed and practised by the great body of ,romanists1 both in ,europe and ,america1 is at war with the true religion taught in the ,bible1 and is injurious to the public and private morals of the civilized world2 and1 if unchecked1 will overturn the civil and religious liberties of the ,united ,states4 ,such1 he believes1 is its tendency and the design of its leaders4 ,popery is deceitful in its character2 and the design of this brief work is1 in part1 to drag it forward into the light of the middle of the nineteenth century1 to strip the flimsy vizor off its face1 and to bring it1 with all its abuses1 corruptions1 and hypocritical ,protestant advocates1 before the bar of enlightened public opinion1 for judgment in the case4 ,roman ,catholics misrepresent their own creed1 their ,church1 and its corrupt institutions4 ,the most revolting1 wicked1 and immoral features of their holy and immutable system1 are kept out of sight by its corrupt ,clergy1 and ,jesuitical teachers2 while1 with a purpose to deceive1 a ,protestant sense is attached to most of their doctrines and peculiarities4 ,by this vile means1 they designedly misrepresent themselves1 and impose on the public1 by inducing charitable and uninformed persons to believe that they are not as profligate as they are represented to be4 ,this game has been played with a bold hand in ,knoxville1 for the last twelve months1 and it is being played in every city and town in the ,south and ,west1 where ,romanism is being planted4 ,one object1 then1 of this epitomized work1 setting forth the boastings1 threats1 and disclosures of leading ,catholic organs and ,bishops1 as to their real principles and designs upon this country1 suffered to go forth in their more excited moments1 or unguarded hours1 is1 to spread before the people1 in a cheap form1 true ,popery1 and to strip it of its ,protestant garb1 which it has for the time being assumed4 ,an additional reason for bringing out this publication1 at this particular time1 is1 to expose a corrupt bargain entered into by the leaders of the ,catholic ,church1 and the leaders of a corrupt and designing political party1 falsely called the ,democratic party4 ,one of the most alarming signs of the times is1 that while ,protestant ministers1 of different persuasions1 only two brief years ago1 could preach with power and eloquence against the dogmas and corrupting tendencies of ,romanism1 and pass out of the doors of their churches1 receiving the compliments and extravagant praises of their entire congregations1 let one of them now dare to hold up this ,corporation as a dangerous foreign enemy--let him warn his charge against the influence of ,popery1 or but only designate the ,catholic ,hierarchy as the man of sin described in the ,scriptures1 and one half of his congregation are grossly insulted3 they charge him with meddling in politics2 and1 by way of resentment1 they will either not hear him again1 or they will starve him out1 by refusing to contribute to his support6 ,the hypocritical and profligate portion of the ,methodist1 ,presbyterian1 ,baptist1 and ,episcopal membership in this country1 are not so much misled by ,popery1 as they are influenced by party politics1 and are in love with the loose moral code of ,romanism4 ,it lays no restraints on their lusts1 and gives a loose rein to all their unsanctified passions and desires4 ,backslidden1 unconverted1 or unprincipled members of ,protestant ,churches1 find in ,popery a sympathizing irreligion1 adapted to their vicious lives2 and hence they fall in with its disgusting superstitions and insulting claims4 ,they are1 therefore1 ensnared with the delusions of ,popery1 of choice4 ,in other words1 ,popery is a system of mere human policy2 altogether of ,foreign origin2 ,foreign in its support2 importing ,foreign vassals and paupers by multiplied thousands2 and sending into every ,state and ,territory in this ,union1 a most baneful ,foreign and anti-,republican influence4 ,its old goutified1 immoral1 and drunken ,pope1 his ,bishops and ,priests1 are politicians2 men of the world1 earthly1 sensual1 and devilish1 and mere men of pleasure4 ,associated with them for the purpose1 in great ,state and ,national contests1 of securing the ,catholic vote1 are the worst class of ,american politicians1 designing demagogues1 selfish office-seekers1 and bad men1 calling themselves ,democrats and ,old-,line ,whigs6 ,these politicians know that ,popery1 as a system1 is in the hands of a ,foreign despotism1 precisely what the ,koran is in the hands of the ,grand ,turk and his partisans4 ,but corrupt and ambitious politicians in this country1 are willing to act the part of traitors to our laws and ,constitution1 for the sake of profitable offices2 and they are willing to sacrifice the ,protestant ,religion1 on the ancient and profligate altar at ,rome1 if they may but rise to distinction on its ruins6 ,the great ,democratic party of this country1 which has degenerated into a ,semi-,papal ,organization1 for the base purposes of power and plunder1 now fully partakes of the intolerant spirit of ,rome1 and is acting it out in all the departments of our ,state and ,general ,governments4 ,what ,romanism has been to the ,old ,world1 this ,papal and ,anti-,american organization seeks and promises to be to this country4 ,what is ,popery in ,roman ,catholic ,europe8 ,it is as intolerant in politics as in religion3 it taxes and oppresses the subjects and citizens of every country2 it interdicts nations2 dethrones governors1 chief magistrates1 and kings2 dissolves civil governments2 suspends commerce2 annuls civil laws2 and1 to gratify its unsanctified lust of ambition1 it has overrun whole nations with bloodshed1 and thrown them into confusion4 ,so it is with this ,bogus ,democracy3 it wages a war of extermination against the freedom of the press1 and against the liberty of speech1 the rights of human conscience1 and the liberties of man3 hence its indiscriminate proscription of all who dare to unite with the ,,american ,,party1 or openly espouse their cause4 ,popery aims at universal power over the bodies and souls of all men2 and history proclaims that its weapons have been dungeons1 racks1 chains1 fire1 and sword6 ,the bastard ,democracy of the present age has united with the ,prelates1 ,priests1 ,monks1 and ,nuns of ,romanism1 and is daily affiliating with hundreds of thousands of the very off-scourings of the ,european ,catholic population--stimulating them to deeds of violence1 and to the shedding of blood6 ,to-day1 they sustain a ,baker in the foul murder of a ,poole1 in ,new ,york1 because he was a member of the so-called ,know-,nothing party1 which had just routed1 in an election1 this ,foreign ,locofoco party6 ,to-morrow1 we find this same vile party1 its editors and orators1 sustaining a ,foreign ,catholic ,mob in ,louisville1 ,ky42 and the members of the same party1 in surrounding ,states1 exulting over the murder of ,protestant ,americans6 ,and in the next breath1 as it were1 we find these sons of ,belial1 falsely called ,democrats1 after reaching the power they lusted after in ,philadelphia1 sending up shouts over the lawless deeds of a ,foreign ,catholic riot1 which made the ears of every ,american citizen to tingle6 ,under the guidance of an ,,all-,,wise ,,providence1 the ,protector of our ,republic1 and of the ,protestant ,religion1 it is in the power of the free and independent voters of these ,united ,states to cause this enemy's long arm to be clean dried up1 and his right eye to be utterly darkened1 by elevating to the two first offices within the gift of the world1 ,,millard ,,fillmore and ,,andrew ,j4 ,,donelson6 ,i am1 candid ,reader1 your fellow-citizen1 ,w4 ,g4 ,,brownlow4 ,,knoxville1 ,july1 #ahef4 ,,americanism ,,contrasted ,,with ,foreignism1 ,romanism1 and ,bogus ,democracy4 ,,introductory ,,chapter4 ,the ,creed of the ,american ,party--,the ,platform misrepresented by ,mr4 ,watkins--,official ,vote on the adoption of the new ,platform--,what the ,abolitionists and ,democrats say of the ,platform--,seceders from the ,nominating ,convention1 and their ,address4 ,lord ,byron1 just as the war of ,greece approached1 said3 ,it is not one man1 nor a million1 but the spirit of liberty which must be spread2 and1 carrying out the same bold idea of liberty1 he continues1 ,it is time to act2 or1 in the language of the ,know ,nothing salutation1 ,it is time for work2 for what signifies self1 if a single spark of that genius of liberty worthy of the past1 can be bequeathed unquenchably to the future8 ,in the language of a fair poetess3 --,our country is a whole1 ,of which we all are parts2 nor should a citizen ,regard his interests as distinct from hers3 ,no hopes or fears should touch his patriot soul1 ,but what affects her honor or her shame4 ,the civilization--the nationality--the institutions1 civil and religious--and the mission of the ,united ,states1 are all eminently ,american4 ,mental light and personal independence1 constitutional union1 national supremacy1 submission to law and rules of order1 homogeneous population1 and instinctive patriotism1 are all vital elements of ,american liberty1 nationality1 and upward and onward progress4 ,foreign immigration1 foreign ,catholic influence1 and sectional factions nourished by them--and breeding demagogues in the name of ,democracy1 by a prostitution of the elective franchise--have already corrupted our nationality1 degraded our councils1 both ,state and ,national1 weakened the bonds of union1 disturbed our country's peace1 and awakened apprehensions of insecurity and progressive deterioration1 threatening ultimate ruin6 ,to rescue and restore ,american institutions--to maintain ,american nationality1 and to secure ,american birthrights1 is the mission and the sole purpose of the ,,american ,,party--composed of conservative1 patriotic1 ,protestant1 ,union-loving1 native-born citizens of every section1 and of every ,christian denomination--self-sacrificing patriots1 who prefer their country1 and the religion of their fathers1 and of the ,bible1 to a factious name1 a plundering political organization1 and an infamous ,papal hierarchy6 ,the paramount and ultimate object of our ,,american ,,organization is to save and exalt the ,union1 and to preserve and perpetuate the rights and blessings of the ,protestant religion4 ,we contend that ,american principles should mould ,american policy2 that ,american mind should rule ,american destiny2 that all sectional parties1 such as a party ,north1 or a party ,south1 should be renounced2 that all sectional agitations1 such as are kept up by ,abolitionists1 ,free ,soilers1 and ,black ,republicans1 should be resisted2 that ,congress should never agitate the subject of domestic slavery1 in any form or for any purpose1 but leave it where the ,constitution fixes it2 that as the destiny of the country depends on the mind of the country1 intelligence should rule2 that the ballot-box should be purified1 and corrupt ,romanism and foreign influence checked2 that any allegiance to any foreign prince1 potentate1 or power--to any power1 regal or pontifical1 should be rebuked as the most fatal canker of the germ of ,american independence2 that every citizen should be encouraged to exercise freely his own conscience2 and that the popular mind should be enlightened1 and the popular heart rectified1 by proper and universal ,christian education4 ,this is the essence of the ,american creed2 and when methodized into a ,political ,decalogue1 it constitutes the ,ten ,commandments of the ,american party4 ,in this connection1 and at this point1 we will give the much-abused ,platform of the ,american party1 adopted at the session of the ,national ,council1 ,february #ba1 #ahef4 ,examine the ,platform1 and answer to your conscience the question3 ,what true ,american head can disapprove--what pure ,american heart can revolt8 ,can men taking their stand on this ,platform be the enemies of civil and religious liberties8 ,can either civil or religious liberties rest secure on any other grounds8 ,and must not those ,bogus ,democrats and ,anti-,americans1 therefore1 who wage war against this citadel of ,american birthrights1 act as enemies to the ,federal ,constitution1 enemies to the ,union1 to the mental independence of ,american citizens--enemies to the ,protestant religion1 and enemies1 consequently1 to civil and religious liberty8 ,,platform ,,of ,,the ,,american ,,party4 #ast4 ,an humble acknowledgment to the ,supreme ,being for his protecting care vouchsafed to our fathers in their successful ,revolutionary struggle1 and hitherto manifested to us1 their descendants1 in the preservation of the liberties1 the independence1 and the union of these ,states4 #b;d4 ,the perpetuation of the ,federal ,union1 as the palladium of our civil and religious liberties1 and the only sure bulwark of ,american ,independence4 #c;d4 ,americans must rule ,america1 and to this end1 native-born citizens should be selected for all ,state1 ,federal1 and municipal offices1 or government employment1 in preference to all others3 nevertheless1 #dth4 ,persons born of ,american parents residing temporarily abroad1 should be entitled to all the rights of native-born citizens2 but1 #eth4 ,no person should be selected for political station1 7whether of native or foreign birth17 who recognizes any allegiance or obligation of any description1 to any foreign prince1 potentate1 or power1 or who refuses to recognize the ,federal and ,state constitutions 7each within its sphere7 as paramount to all other laws1 as rules of political action4 #fth4 ,the unqualified recognition and maintenance of the reserved rights of the several ,states1 and the cultivation of harmony and fraternal good-will between the citizens of the several ,states2 and to this end1 non-interference by ,congress with questions appertaining solely to the individual ,states1 and non-intervention by each ,state with the affairs of any other ,state4 #gth4 ,the recognition of the right of the native-born and naturalized citizens of the ,united ,states1 permanently residing in any ,territory thereof1 to frame their constitution and laws1 and to regulate their domestic and social affairs in their own mode1 subject only to the provisions of the ,federal ,constitution1 with the privilege of admission into the ,union whenever they have the requisite population for one ,representative in ,congress4 ,provided always1 that none but those who are citizens of the ,united ,states1 under the constitution and laws thereof1 and who have a fixed residence in any such ,territory1 ought to participate in the formation of the constitution1 or in the enactment of laws for said ,territory or ,state4 #hth4 ,an enforcement of the principle that no ,state or ,territory ought to admit others than citizens of the ,united ,states to the right of suffrage1 or of holding political office4 #ith4 ,a change in the laws of naturalization1 making a continued residence of twenty-one years1 of all not hereinbefore provided for1 an indispensable requisite for citizenship hereafter1 and excluding all paupers1 and persons convicted of crime1 from landing upon our shores2 but no interference with the vested rights of foreigners4 #ajth4 ,opposition to any union between ,church and ,state3 no interference with religious faith or worship1 and no test-oaths for office4 #aath4 ,free and thorough investigation into any and all alleged abuses of public functionaries1 and a strict economy in public expenditures4 #abth4 ,the maintenance and enforcement of all laws constitutionally enacted1 until said laws shall be repealed1 or shall be declared null and void by competent judicial authority4 #acth4 ,opposition to the reckless and unwise policy of the present administration in the general management of our national affairs1 and more especially as shown in removing ,americans 7by designation7 and conservatives in principle1 from office1 and placing foreigners and ultraists in their places3 as shown in a truckling subserviency to the stronger1 and an insolent and cowardly bravado toward the weaker powers3 as shown in repening sectional agitation1 by the repeal of the ,missouri ,compromise3 as shown in granting to unnaturalized foreigners the right of suffrage in ,kansas and ,nebraska3 as shown in its vacillating course on the ,kansas and ,nebraska question3 as shown in the corruptions which pervade some of the departments of the government3 as shown in disgracing meritorious naval officers through prejudice or caprice2 and as shown in the blundering mismanagement of our foreign relations4 #adth4 ,therefore1 to remedy existing evils1 and prevent the disastrous consequences otherwise resulting therefrom1 we would build up the ,american party upon the principles hereinbefore stated4 #aeth4 ,that each ,state ,council shall have authority to amend their several constitutions1 so as to abolish the several degrees1 and institute a pledge of honor1 instead of other obligations1 for fellowship and admission into the party4 #afth4 ,a free and open discussion of all political principles embraced in our platform4 ,the ,,hon4 ,,mr4 ,,watkins1 a renegade from the ,american ranks1 in ,east ,tennessee1 delivered a speech in ,congress on the #fth of ,may1 #ahef2 which speech we find reported in the ,washington ,union--a speech which betrays an utter ignorance of the point he undertook to discuss4 ,it is due to his betrayed constituents that we should expose his ignorance1 and the blundering fallacy of his attempts to justify his turning ,locofoco ,cataline ,judas ,sag-,nicht6 ,he says1 as reported by his political organ-grinder3 ,but1 sir1 the platform recently adopted by the ,philadelphia ,convention cannot receive my approbation4 ,i cannot support ,mr4 ,fillmore1 or any other distinguished ,whig1 upon that platform4 ,the only solitary plank in the ,philadelphia platform of ,june1 #ahee1 was the twelfth section--that section which denied to ,congress the right to interfere with slavery in the ,territories1 declaring the doctrine of non-intervention1 and of popular sovereignty in the ,territories4 ,but1 sir1 that plank in the platform was stricken out by the convention recently held1 and the sixth resolution of the platform then adopted substituted in its place4 ,and what does that resolution endorse8 ,is there any non-intervention in the sixth resolution of the ,philadelphia platform8 ,is there any denial of the right of ,congress to interfere upon the subject of slavery in the sixth resolution of the ,philadelphia platform8 ,certainly not4 ,in lieu of the ,june platform1 we have this ,february platform4 ,the ,june platform contained no such denial to ,congress1 as is here alleged by ,mr4 ,watkins1 of the right to interfere with slavery in the ,territories6 ,and it is marvellous1 indeed1 that a grave ,member of ,congress should undertake to discuss ,platforms1 which he had either never read1 or the purport of which1 if he had ever read them1 he had either wholly forgotten1 or lacked the sense to comprehend6 ,the twelfth section of the ,june ,platform says3 ,and expressly pretermitting any expression of opinion upon the power of ,congress to establish or prohibit slavery in any ,territory1 it is the sense of this ,national ,council1 that ,congress ,,ought ,,not to legislate upon the subject of slavery within the ,territories of the ,united ,states4 ,thus1 instead of denying to ,congress the right to interfere with slavery in the ,territories1 as erroneously and recklessly charged by this new-born ,democrat1 all opinion on that subject was expressly pretermitted in the ,june ,platform6 ,mr4 ,watkins was in such a hurry to join the ,forney1 ,pierce1 and ,catholic ,democracy1 that he did not stop to examine even the ,platform which most disgusted him6 ,but this is not the worst blunder which he committed in that speech4 ,he turned to the new ,platform1 and asked1 with an air of triumph3 ,is there any non-intervention in the sixth resolution of the 7new7 ,philadelphia platform8 ,is there any denial of the right of ,congress to interfere with the subject of slavery in the sixth resolution of the 7new7 ,philadelphia platform8 ,and he answers1 ,certainly not6 ,the ignorant man1 it would seem1 only read as far as to the sixth section of the new ,platform2 and even that section contains a direct affirmative answer to his question2 which1 in order to place the ,american party in a false position1 he answers1 ,certainly not6 ,now1 we ask such as may have noticed his misrepresentations1 to read a little further on1 at least to the end of the #gth section of this new ,platform1 and see where it leaves ,mr4 ,watkins6 ,turn back to the #gth section1 and it will be seen that this section1 instead of pretermitting any opinion on the question1 announces the doctrine that the citizens of the ,united ,states permanently residing in the ,territories1 have a right to frame their ,constitution and laws1 and to regulate their domestic affairs in their own mode1 subject only to the provisions of the ,federal ,constitution6 ,the ,new ,york ,evening ,post1 a ,pierce and foreign ,democratic organ1 thus alludes to the action of the ,convention which nominated ,,fillmore and ,,donelson3-- ,the #abth section of the ,june ,platform1 it is true1 had been abrogated2 ,,but ,,it ,,had ,,been ,,replaced ,,by ,,another1 ,,meaning ,,precisely ,,the ,,same ,,thing6 ,the ,cincinnati ,gazette1 an ,abolition1 ,anti-,american ,foreign sheet1 came out in opposition to the ,american nominees1 in its issue of ,feb4 #bith1 #ahef1 on account of the ,pro-slavery character of the new ,platform4 ,the ,gazette says3-- ,we are glad that the action of the ,convention proved so decided as to leave no doubt as to the character of the ,platform4 ,,the ,,latter ,,is ,,clearly ,,and ,,decidedly ,,pro-,,slavery ,,and ,,nebraska1 and in this respect corresponds precisely with the ,,principles ,,of ,,the ,,pierce ,,democracy6 ,fillmore and ,donelson are therefore presented to the ,american people as candidates for the ,presidency and ,vice ,presidency1 ,,on ,a ,,thorough ,,and ,,decided ,,nebraska ,,pro-,,slavery ,,platform1 and the citizens of ,northern ,states are asked to vote for them6 ,the ,new ,york ,tribune1 whose editor was a prominent member of the ,pittsburgh ,black ,republican ,convention1 and who is violent in his opposition to ,,fillmore and ,,donelson1 says3 ,the object of the ,know ,nothings has dwindled down to this--,,to ,,defeat ,,the ,,republican ,,party6 ,that is to say1 this is the object of those who have managed the ,philadelphia ,convention1 and nominated ,mr4 ,fillmore4 ,i have diligently inquired for a member who voted for ,banks for ,speaker1 and now supports ,fillmore2 but up to this time--more than three days after the nomination--,i have not heard of one4 ,that sort must be scarce6 ,the following is the ,,official vote on the adoption of the new ,platform by the ,national ,council1 which met four days previous to the ,nominating ,convention3 ,,new ,,hampshire--,nays--,messrs4 ,colby and ,emery4 ,,massachusetts--,yeas--,messrs4 ,ely1 ,weith1 ,brewster1 ,robinson1 and ,arnold4 ,nays--,messrs4 ,richmond1 ,wheelwright1 ,temple1 ,thurston1 ,sumner1 ,allen1 ,sawin1 and ,hawkes4 ,,connecticut--,nays--,messrs4 ,sperry1 ,dunbar1 ,peck1 ,booth1 ,holley1 and ,perkins4 ,,rhode ,,island--,yeas--,messrs4 ,chase and ,knight4 ,nays--,messrs4 ,simons and ,nightingale4 ,,new ,,york--,yeas--,messrs4 ,walker1 ,oakley1 ,morgan1 ,woodward1 ,reynolds1 ,chester1 ,owens1 ,sanders1 ,whiston1 ,nichols1 ,van ,dusen1 ,westbrook1 ,parsons1 ,picket1 ,campbell1 ,lowell1 ,sammons1 ,oakes1 ,seymour1 ,squire1 ,cooper1 ,burr1 ,bennett1 ,marvine1 ,midler1 ,stephens1 ,johnson1 ,wetmore1 ,hammond1 and ,s4 ,seymour4 ,nay--,mr4 ,barker4 ,,delaware--,yeas--,messrs4 ,clement and ,smithers4 ,,maryland--,yeas--,messrs4 ,codet1 ,alexander1 ,winchester1 ,stephens1 and ,wilmot4 ,nays--,messrs4 ,purnell1 ,ricaud1 ,pinkney1 and ,kramer4 ,,virginia--,nays--,messrs4 ,bolling1 ,mc,hugh1 ,cochran1 ,boteler1 ,preston1 and ,maupin4 ,,florida--,yea--,mr4 ,call4 ,,new ,,jersey--,yeas--,messrs4 ,deshler1 ,weeks1 ,lyon1 and ,mc,clellan4 ,,pennsylvania--,yeas--,messrs4 ,freeman1 ,nelclede1 ,gossler1 ,smith1 ,gillinham1 ,hammond1 ,wood1 ,gilford1 ,pyle1 ,farrand1 and ,williamson4 ,nays--,messrs4 ,johnson1 ,sewell1 ,jones1 ,parker1 ,heistand1 ,kase1 ,kinkaid1 ,coffee1 ,carlisle1 ,crovode1 ,edie1 ,sewell1 and ,power4 ,,louisiana--,yeas--,messrs4 ,lathrop and ,elam4 ,nays--,messrs4 ,harman and ,hardy4 ,,california--,yeas--,messrs4 ,wood and ,stanley4 ,,arkansas--,yea--,mr4 ,logan4 ,nay--,mr4 ,fowler4 ,,tennessee--,yeas--,messrs4 ,brownlow1 ,bankhead1 ,zollicoffer1 ,burton1 ,campbell1 ,donelson1 ,harris1 ,bilbo1 and ,beloat4 ,nays--,messrs4 ,nelson1 ,reedy1 and ,picket4 ,,kentucky--,yeas--,messrs4 ,stowers1 ,campbell1 ,raphael1 ,todd1 ,clay1 ,goodloe1 and ,bartlett4 ,nays--,messrs4 ,shanklin1 ,jones1 ,carpenter1 ,gist1 and ,underwood4 ,,ohio--,yeas--,messrs4 ,white1 ,nash1 ,simpson1 and ,lippett4 ,nays--,messrs4 ,gabriel1 ,olds1 ,ford1 ,barker1 ,potter1 ,stanbaugh1 ,rodgers1 ,spooner1 ,hodges1 ,kyle1 ,lees1 ,swigart1 ,allison1 ,fishback1 ,thomas1 ,corwine1 ,chapman1 ,ayres1 and ,johnson4 ,,indiana--,yeas--,messrs4 ,sheets and ,phelps4 ,nay--,mr4 ,meredith4 ,,missouri--,yeas--,messrs4 ,edward1 ,fletcher1 and ,hockaday4 ,nay--,mr4 ,breckenridge4 ,,michigan--,yea--,mr4 ,wood4 ,,wisconsin--,yeas--,messrs4 ,lockwood1 ,cook1 ,chandler1 and ,gillies4 ,,district ,,of ,,columbia--,yeas--,messrs4 ,ellis and ,evans4 ,,illinois--,yeas--,messrs4 ,danenhower and ,allen4 ,nays--,messrs4 ,jennings and ,gear4 ,,iowa--,nays--,messrs4 ,webster and ,thorrington4 ,yeas--#ajh4 ,nays--#gg4 ,we will close this chapter by giving the delegates who seceded from the ,nominating ,convention1 with the ,address published by them on the occasion4 ,that recession was a more inconsiderable affair than has been represented by the foreign party of this country4 ,the author of this work was the ,chairman of the large ,committee on ,credentials1 and reported ,,two ,,hundred ,,and ,,seventy-,,seven delegates1 which report was received without opposition1 as to numbers4 ,of these1 forty-two only seceded1 viz43 #ac out of #bh from ,ohio2 one of two from ,new ,hampshire2 #f--;all--from ,connecticut2 #b out of #ac from ,massachusetts2 one out of #c from ,illinois2 #g out of #bg from ,pennsylvania2 one out of #d from ,rhode ,island2 #e--;all--from ,michigan2 #e--;all--from ,wisconsin2 one--all--from ,iowa2 #db out of #bgg--not a sixth1 and but little over a seventh of the whole6 ,,address4 ,the seceders or bolters made the following address1 to which they appended their ,states and names4 ,what they say of the ,louisiana delegates1 we have explained in another portion of this work3 ,the undersigned1 delegates to the nominating ,convention now in session at ,philadelphia1 find themselves compelled to dissent from the principles avowed by that body2 and holding opinions1 as they do1 that the restoration of the ,missouri ,compromise1 as demanded by a majority of the whole people1 is a redress of an undeniable wrong1 and the execution of it1 in spirit at least1 indispensable to the repose of the country1 they have regarded the refusal of that ,convention to recognize the well-defined opinion of the country1 and of the ,americans of the free ,states1 upon this question1 as a denial of their rights and a rebuke to their sentiments2 and they hold that the admission into the ,national ,council and nominating ,convention1 of delegates from ,louisiana1 representing a ,roman ,catholic ,constituency1 absolved every true ,american from all obligations to sustain the action of either of the said bodies4 ,they have therefore withdrawn from the nominating ,convention1 refusing to participate in the proposed nomination1 and now address themselves to the ,americans of the country1 and especially of the ,states they represent1 to justify and approve of their action2 and to the end that a nomination conforming to the overruling sentiment of the country in the great issue may be regularly and auspiciously made1 the undersigned propose to the ,americans in all the ,states to assemble in their several ,state organizations1 and elect delegates to a ,convention to meet in the city of ,new ,york1 on ,thursday1 the #abth day of ,june next1 for the purpose of nominating candidates for ,president and ,vice ,president of the ,united ,states4 ,,ohio--,thos4 ,h4 ,ford1 ,j4 ,h4 ,baker1 ,b4 ,s4 ,kyle1 ,w4 ,h4 ,c4 ,mitchell1 ,e4 ,t4 ,sturtevant1 ,o4 ,t4 ,fishback1 ,jacob ,ebbert1 ,wm4 ,b4 ,allison1 ,h4 ,c4 ,hodges1 ,l4 ,h4 ,olds1 ,w4 ,b4 ,chapman1 ,thos4 ,mc,yees1 ,charles ,nichols4 ,,new ,,hampshire--,anthony ,colby4 ,,connecticut--,lucius ,g4 ,peck1 ,jas4 ,e4 ,dunham1 ,hezekiah ,griswold1 ,austin ,baldwin1 ,edmund ,perkins1 ,david ,booth4 ,,massachusetts--,wild4 ,s4 ,thurston1 ,z4 ,r4 ,pangborn4 ,,illinois--,henry ,s4 ,jennings4 ,,pennsylvania--,wm4 ,f4 ,johnston1 ,s4 ,c4 ,kase1 ,r4 ,m4 ,riddle1 ,t4 ,j4 ,coffey1 ,john ,williamson1 ,j4 ,harrison1 ,s4 ,ewell4 ,,rhode ,,island--,e4 ,j4 ,nightingale4 ,,michigan--,s4 ,t4 ,lyon1 ,w4 ,fuller1 ,w4 ,s4 ,wood1 ,p4 ,p4 ,meddler1 ,j4 ,hamilton4 ,,wisconsin--,d4 ,a4 ,gillis1 ,john ,lockwood1 ,robt4 ,chandler1 ,g4 ,burdick1 ,c4 ,w4 ,cook4 ,,iowa--,l4 ,h4 ,webster4 ,,the ,,election ,,of ,,banks--,,the ,,slavery ,,question4 ,one of the issues in the ,presidential contest now going on1 is the slavery question4 ,a4 ,o4 ,p4 ,x4 ,y4 ,z4 ,nicholson1 of the ,washington ,union1 who canvassed this ,state in opposition to ,scott1 and shed his crocodile tears before every crowd he addressed1 because so good a man as ,fillmore1 who had stood firm for the rights of the ,south1 had been set aside by an ungrateful ,convention at ,baltimore1 to give place to ,scott1 the favorite of ,seward--this miserable hypocrite1 we say1 now comes out and says1 ,fillmore's abolitionism will suit the ,north4 ,the ,central ,democratic ,committee for ,east ,tennessee1 in a call for a ,district ,convention at ,clinton1 in ,may last1 through the ,knoxville ,standard1 conclude said call in this language3 ,the time has again arrived when the national ,democracy must rally to their country's call and preserve the ,constitution as it is in its purity1 and perpetuate the union of the ,states from the rain which the ,black ,republican ,party of the ,north1 aided by ,,their ,,know-,,nothing ,,allies ,,of ,,the ,,south1 would bring upon them4 ,by order of the ,,central ,,committee4 ,the ,sag-,nicht ,convention held at ,somerville1 on ,thursday the #hth of ,may1 and which selected ,d4 ,m4 ,currin as their ,electoral candidate1 adopted the following resolution3 ,resolved1 ,that we have been appointed by the ,democracy of this ,electoral ,district to organize to fight1 in the coming ,presidential election1 the ,,black ,,republicans ,,and ,,know-,,nothings4 ,resolved1 ,that we can beat them1 and we will do it4 ,resolved1 ,that we will cordially receive the co-operation of all ,old-,line ,whigs who will assist us in carrying out these resolutions4 ,now1 the charge is here made that the ,know-,nothings of the ,south are the allies of the ,black ,republicans of the ,north4 ,this is the impression intended to be made1 first by these concealed calumniators at ,knoxville1 and afterwards by the open and avowed slanderers of the same party at ,somerville6 ,with such wholesale lying as is displayed in both of these cases1 we have but little patience3 we only give their language1 to show their recklessness in making such an issue4 ,and although this ,foreign party claim to be the guardians of ,southern interests1 we propose to show1 before we conclude this chapter1 that they are themselves the allies of the ,black ,republicans of the ,north1 and are giving them more aid and comfort than all the other parties in the country6 ,,francis ,p4 ,,blair1 former editor of ,gen4 ,jackson's organ at ,washington1 was the ,president of the ,black ,republican ,convention at ,pittsburg1 in ,february last6 ,john ,m4 ,niles2 ,democratic ,senator in ,congress1 was ,president of the ,black ,republican ,convention held in ,connecticut6 ,in the ,pittsburg ,convention1 over which ,blair presided1 ,,preston ,,king1 ,,abijah ,,mann1 ,,david ,,wilmot1 and ,,jacob ,,brinkerhoff1 ,old-,line ,democrats1 figured conspicuously4 ,for two long and cold winter months1 the ,democrats1 both ,north and ,south1 voted for ,richardson1 of ,illinois1 for ,speaker1 a violent anti-slavery man1 whose speeches against slavery1 and in favor of ,abolitionism1 were matters of record in the ,congressional ,globe1 and were delivered on the floor of ,congress so late as #ahej6 ,the immortal #ge ,democrats did not cease to vote for this man ,richardson1 until ,,gen4 ,,zollicoffer1 of ,tennessee1 read his speeches upon him1 in the presence of his friends6 ,on the #b;d of ,february1 ,,samuel ,a4 ,,smith1 of ,tennessee1 a ,democratic ,representative in ,congress1 renewed his motion to adopt the ,,plurality ,,rule4 ,his proposition1 which it was evident would elect ,banks1 was carried by ,black ,republican votes1 who went for it in a body4 ,this would still not have elected ,banks1 but for the fact that the following ,democrats voted for the odious plurality rule3 ,clingman1 ,herbert1 ,hickman1 ,jewett1 ,kelley1 ,barclay1 ,bayard1 ,wells1 ,williams1 and ,,samuel ,a4 ,,smith6 ,mr4 ,clarke was the only ,american who voted for the odious rule6 ,,mr4 ,,carlile1 a national ,american1 of ,virginia1 before the vote was taken upon this plurality rule1 offered the following substitute for it3 ,resolved1 ,that the ,,hon4 ,,wm4 ,,aiken1 a ,representative from the ,state of ,south ,carolina1 be1 and he is hereby declared ,speaker of the ,thirty-,fourth ,congress4 ,,gov4 ,,aiken is a sound ,southern ,democrat--never was any thing else--but ,,col4 ,,smith objected1 and demanded the previous question1 which cut off ,,mr4 ,,carlile',s resolution1 and which was to prevent its adoption6 ,the candidate of the ,democratic party1 at that time1 ,,mr4 ,,orr1 immediately withdrew in favor of ,,gov4 ,,aiken1 upon the introduction of ,,mr4 ,,carlile',s resolution2 and to prevent ,aiken's election1 ,,samuel ,a4 ,,smith cut off said resolution by a call of the previous question6 ,banks was elected by one vote1 and this could not be accomplished until ,,seven ,,democrats got behind the bar1 and refused to vote at all6 ,these were ,,hickman1 ,,parker1 and ,,barclay1 of ,pennsylvania2 ,,craig1 of ,north ,carolina2 ,,taylor1 of ,louisiana2 ,,richardson1 of ,illinois2 and ,,seward1 of ,georgia6 ,any two of these ,southern ,democrats could have made ,,aiken ,speaker1 but they did not want him--they knew ,banks to be a ,democrat1 if he were a ,black ,republican--and to elect him1 they believed would give them the strength of that odious party in the coming contest4 ,we have before us the ,washington ,union of ,sept4 #bgth1 #ahec1 giving1 editorially1 a glowing account of the ,massachusetts ,democratic ,state ,convention1 reporting the speech of ,nathaniel ,p4 ,banks1 of ,waltham1 concluding that report in these words3 ,mr4 ,banks emphatically and decidedly1 on his own part1 and on that of the ,democrats of ,massachusetts1 disclaimed the truth of the rumors in certain newspapers that an arrangement had been entered into with another political party in the ,commonwealth concerning the distribution of ,state offices4 ,it was his and this ,convention's and all true ,democrats' desire1 belief1 and determination1 that ,henry ,w4 ,bishop should be elected governor of ,massachusetts1 and that the other ,democratic ,state officers should also be elected4 ,he was not afraid of defeat1 and less afraid of ,whig success1 which1 to judge by its recent effects1 was simply equivalent to a defeat4 ,applause4 ,it may be said1 and doubtless will be1 that ,banks has allied himself with the ,republicans4 ,but ,banks says he has always been a ,democrat1 and that he was nominated as a ,democrat in his district4 ,and certain it is1 that he was elected ,speaker by ,,democrats1 under the compulsion of an odious plurality rule1 and the gag of the previous question6 ,it will be said1 and said truthfully too1 that ,,six ,,americans ,,from ,,the ,,north voted for ,,mr4 ,,fuller1 of ,pennsylvania4 ,so they did2 and in doing so1 they voted for a sound national and conservative man4 ,but did this justify ,southern ,democrats in dodging the question1 and thereby electing a ,black ,republican ,speaker8 ,gov4 ,aiken was the candidate of the seven ,democrats--he was not the candidate of the six ,americans6 ,democracy1 moreover1 had refused to vote for an ,american under any circumstances1 and had1 on the first day of the meeting of ,congress1 passed a resolution insulting the whole ,american party1 in caucus6 ,we would have seen them banished to the farthest verge of astronomical imagination1 before we would have voted for any man that favored that insulting resolution6 ,in #ahdg1 by a unanimous vote1 both branches of the ,legislature of ,new ,hampshire adopted resolutions denunciatory of the institution of slavery1 and approving of the ,wilmot ,proviso4 ,these resolutions were reported to the ,house1 by the ,representative from ,hillsboro1 the native town of ,gen4 ,pierce1 and were in the handwriting of ,pierce6 ,on the #b;d of ,october1 #ahdg1 the ,democratic ,soft-,shells1 who are now the supporters of ,pierce's administration1 and fill the offices he has to dispose of in ,new ,york1 held a ,state ,convention1 and declared their uncompromising hostility to slavery in a string of resolutions they adopted and ordered to be published4 ,on the #afth of ,february1 #ahdh1 a ,democratic ,state ,convention for ,new ,york convened at ,utica1 to appoint ,delegates to the ,national ,convention to nominate candidates for ,president and ,vice ,president1 at which a string of anti-,southern resolutions were adopted1 denouncing slavery or involuntary servitude1 as repugnant to the genius of ,republicanism4 ,on the #ahth of ,july1 #ahdh1 the ,democratic ,soft-,shells held a mass-meeting in the park of ,new ,york1 and1 by way of making perfect their organization against ,general ,cass1 declared1 by resolutions1 their uncompromising hostility to slavery or involuntary servitude6 ,on the #acth of ,september1 #ahdh1 a ,democratic mass-meeting convened at ,buffalo1 in ,new ,york1 and1 in a general ,abolition jubilee1 adopted resolutions condemning and denouncing the institution of slavery6 ,in #aheb1 while the contest was going on between ,pierce and ,scott1 the ,washington ,union said1 editorially3 ,,the ,,free-,,soil ,,democratic ,,leaders ,,of ,,the ,,north1 ,,are ,a ,,regular ,,portion ,,of ,,the ,,democratic ,,party2 ,,and ,,general ,,pierce1 ,,if ,,elected1 ,,will ,,make ,,no ,,distinction ,,between ,,them ,,and ,,the ,,rest ,,of ,,the ,,democracy ,,in ,,the ,,distribution ,,of ,,official ,,patronage1 ,,and ,,in ,,the ,,selection ,,of ,,agents ,,for ,,administering ,,the ,,government6 ,the ,black ,republicans recently held a meeting in ,new ,york1 at which ,benjamin ,f4 ,butler1 of pious memory1 and ,van ,buren ,swartwout notoriety1 presided6 ,on his right hand sat1 as ,vice ,president of the meeting1 ,moses ,h4 ,grinnell1 one of the ,democratic pipe-layers of #ahdj1 whom this ,van ,buren ,attorney-,general ,butler made efforts to send to the ,state prison6 ,another ,vice ,president1 gravely looking on1 and arranged in dignified grandeur upon the stand1 was ,john ,w4 ,edmonds1 ex-blanket contractor in a large swindle1 and a practical spiritual-rapper6 ,a third and last ,vice ,president was the notorious ,dr4 ,townsend1 the sarsaparilla man1 who has not yet wound up his controversy with a man of the same name1 as to who is the greatest rascal in the way of manufacturing this medicine6 ,among the other officers1 secretaries1 and prominent men in the meeting1 was ,c4 ,a4 ,dana1 of the ,tribune office1 a ,fourierist1 who1 at a public meeting on a former occasion1 toasted ,horace ,greeley1 ,charles ,fourier1 and ,jesus ,christ6 ,prominent in the meeting was ,c4 ,a4 ,stetson1 of the ,astor ,house1 an ,amalgamationist4 ,henry ,j4 ,raymond1 the ,abolition editor of the ,times1 and ,rudolph ,garrigue1 a noisy ,german ,abolitionist1 looked and acted as though they believed the salvation of the ,union depended upon the success of the ,republicans6 ,a fellow who made frequent motions1 an ,irishman by the name of ,mc,morrow1 had served an apprenticeship of twelve months in the ,state prison1 for breaking open a store after night6 ,the principal speaker1 who spoke for two hours on the subject of slavery1 was the notorious ,bingham1 an itinerant ,abolitionist from ,ohio4 ,it was a queer medley of men1 parties1 principles1 and characters--two-thirds of all the active partisans in the meeting having held offices in the ranks of ,democracy6 ,and still1 that party boasts of its ,northern wing being sound upon the slavery question4 ,and here is the resolution of the #hth of ,january ,democratic ,convention in ,ohio1 appointing delegates to the ,cincinnati ,pow-wow3 ,resolved1 ,that the people of ,ohio now1 as they have always done1 look upon slavery as an evil1 and unfavorable to the development of the spirit and practical benefits of free institutions2 and that1 entertaining these sentiments1 they will at all times feel it to be their duty to use all power clearly given by the terms of the national compact1 to prevent its increase1 to mitigate1 and finally eradicate the evil4 ,to show1 just here1 where ,tennessee ,democrats stand upon the infamous ,wilmot ,proviso question1 we give the following extract from a recent number of the ,nashville ,patriot3 ,,james ,k4 ,,polk1 who1 in #ahdg1 approved the ,oregon bill1 which contained this odious and unconstitutional clause3 next in order is ,,cave ,,johnson1 now ,president of the ,bank of ,tennessee1 who voted for the same bill which ,mr4 ,polk sanctioned3 next we have ,,aaron ,v4 ,,brown1 an aspirant before the ,cincinnati ,convention1 who did likewise3 then comes ,,julius ,w4 ,,blackwell1 a star whose light has been quenched in obscurity1 but who voted with his colleagues for the ,oregon bill in '#dg3 next in the procession of ,southern men dangerous to the ,south is ,,barclay ,,martin1 ,president ,pierce's ,u4 ,s4 ,mail ,agent1 who cast a similar vote3 following him we have ,,lucien ,b4 ,,chase1 author of the ,history of the ,polk ,administration1 at present a resident of ,new ,york city1 but at the time he exhibited himself as a dangerous man to the ,south1 a representative in ,congress from this ,state3 he is succeeded by ,,fred4 ,p4 ,,stanton1 for ten years a ,democratic ,congressman from the ,memphis district3 he voted for the ,oregon bill1 with the ,wilmot ,proviso annexed3 behind him in the march is ,,alvan ,,cullom1 a ,democratic ,congressman1 who has squatted on the other side of one of his native mountains in the fourth district1 and been quiescent for some years3 he was one of the ,tennessee dangerous men3 he voted twice for the ,wilmot ,proviso3 in the same category is ,,george ,w4 ,,jones1 in the language of another1 the goose which cackles at the door of the ,treasury vault3 notorious as a ,southern supporter of the ,squatter ,sovereignty doctrine1 with two votes on record in favor of the ,wilmot ,proviso4 ,he may be reckoned as very dangerous to the ,south3 last1 but not least in this dread array of dangerous men1 is ,,andrew ,,johnson1 the present ,governor of ,tennessee1 and ,cincinnati aspirant3 he voted three times for the ,wilmot ,proviso1 and so doubtful are his doctrines on the slavery question1 that many slaveholding members of his own party regard him as extremely dangerous to the ,south4 ,by the way1 in #ahdb1 this same ,gov4 ,johnson was a ,senator in our ,state ,legislature1 and introduced the following ,abolition resolutions1 commonly called his ,white ,basis ,system3 ,resolved1 by the ,general ,assembly of the ,state of ,tennessee1 ,that the basis to be observed in laying the ,state off into ,congressional districts shall be the voting population1 ,,without ,,any ,,regard ,,to ,,three-,,fifths ,,of ,,the ,,negro ,,population4 ,resolved1 ,that the #abj1jhc qualified voters shall be divided by eleven1 and that each eleventh of the #abj1jhc of qualified voters shall be entitled to elect one member in the ,congress of the ,united ,states1 or so near as may be practicable without a division of counties4 ,the position of ,gov4 ,johnson is this3 he wishes the ,state entitled to her slave representation as a ,state1 but in her own borders the representative districts are to be made according to her white population6 ,in other words1 he desires the ,state to retain her ten ,congressmen1 representing both her white and slave population1 but wishes them appointed throughout the ,state without regard to the slave population3 so that the county containing ten thousand white inhabitants1 and double that number of slaves1 should be entitled to no more representation than the county containing ten thousand white inhabitants and no slaves6 ,we heard ,johnson last summer1 in his debate with ,gentry1 in ,campbell county1 contend that the county of ,campbell should have the same representation in ,congress as the county of ,shelby1 which he stated had ,,fifteen ,,thousand ,,negroes6 ,he appealed to the prejudices and passions of the poor--inquired of the hard working-men of that county how they liked to see their wives and daughters offset1 in enumerating the strength of the county1 by the greasy negro wenches of ,shelby1 ,davidson1 ,fayette1 ,sumner and ,rutherford counties4 ,he made a real1 stirring abolition appeal to the poor1 and non-slaveholding portion of the crowd1 which was in the proportion of ten to one of that county1 to array them against the rich1 and especially against the owners of large numbers of slaves4 ,he told them that these ,negro wenches belonged to the lordly slaveholders of ,middle and ,west ,tennessee1 and that as our ,constitution now is1 these wenches were placed on an equality with the fair daughters and virtuous wives of laboring men4 ,on this ground he advocated his infamous amendment to the ,constitution1 which would incorporate his ,white ,basis scheme6 ,this is a rank ,abolition measure1 and fraught with more danger to the ,south than any thing proposed by the whole brood of ,abolitionists1 ,free ,soilers1 and ,black ,republicans at the ,north4 ,already the ,south is weak enough1 and not at all able to vote with the ,north in our ,national ,legislature4 ,the effect of this scheme is to deprive the ,south of one-third of her strength in ,congress4 ,not only is this the effect1 but it is the design of the mover4 ,we hold that ,johnson is a ,free ,soiler1 and has been for years4 ,it is stated by his ,northern ,democratic friends1 that when he quit ,congress1 he came home to run for ,governor--with a determination1 if defeated1 to remove to some of the ,northwestern ,states1 and take a new start6 ,had he been defeated by ,maj4 ,henry in #ahec1 he would now be a ,black ,republican in one of the ,free ,states1 running for office6 ,and yet the propagator of this infamous ,abolition doctrine of a ,white ,basis representation--this demagogue who arrays the poor against slaveholders1 is the man for the ultra guardians of the slave interests of the ,south6 ,a man who would not own negroes when he could1 but loaned his money out at interest1 and left his wife and daughters to do their own work--a man who is at heart and in his doctrines a rank ,free ,soiler--a man who has only remained in the ,south to experiment upon office-seeking6 ,this is the man that ,georgia1 ,alabama1 ,virginia1 ,mississippi1 and ,carolinas1 rejoiced to see elected ,governor of a ,southern slave ,state6 ,it was seeing the position of ,johnson on this question that induced the ,democratic ,herald in ,ohio1 in ,june1 #ahee1 thus to notice our race for ,governor3 ,,tennessee4--,an animated contest is going on in this good old ,democratic ,state for ,governor1 and the largest crowds flock to hear the candidates that ever attended political meetings since the ,hero of ,new ,orleans used to address the masses in person4 ,the present incumbent1 ,andrew ,johnson1 is the ,democratic candidate1 and a ,mr4 ,gentry1 a pro-slavery renegade from the ,federal ,whig ranks1 is the opposing candidate1 brought out by a ,know ,nothing conclave4 ,this man is on the stump abusing the ,catholics1 and denouncing them for their tyranny1 while he openly advocates the slavery doctrines of ,southern ,niggerdom6 ,on the other hand1 his competitor1 ,gov4 ,johnson1 well and favorably known to our leading ,democrats of ,ohio1 ,,has ,,no ,,sympathies ,,with ,,slavery1 and is the advocate of such amendments to the ,federal ,constitution as will give all power to the people1 and ,,effectually ,,put ,,down ,,the ,,institution ,,of ,,slavery6 ,now1 this showing up of ,democracy1 on the ,slavery question1 may look shabby to many ultra ,southern men1 and it may induce them to charge that the ,democratic party are inconsistent4 ,we defend them against the charge of inconsistency1 and maintain that what would be called inconsistency here1 is nothing but ,democracy4 ,for instance1 ,a4 ,o4 ,p4 ,q4 ,x4 ,y4 ,z4 ,nicholson1 the editor of the great official organ of ,democracy at ,washington1 said1 editorially1 and by authority1 so late as #ahee3 ,,it ,,is ,,no ,,part ,,of ,,the ,,creed ,,of ,a ,,democrat1 ,,as ,,such1 ,,to ,,advocate ,,or ,,oppose ,,the ,,extension ,,of ,,slavery4 ,,he ,,may ,,do ,,the ,,one ,,or ,,the ,,other1 ,,in ,,the ,,exercise ,,of ,,his ,,rights ,,as ,a ,,citizen1 ,,and ,,not ,,offend ,,against ,,his ,,democratic ,,fealty6 ,precisely so6 ,a man may advocate the abolition of slavery where it exists2 he may1 as a ,black ,republican1 arm himself with ,sharpe's rifle1 and go into ,kansas1 and shoot down pro-slavery men1 and still be a consistent ,democrat1 if he vote for the party1 and stand by the nominees of the party conventions6 ,hence1 all the factions at home and from abroad--all religions--all the ends and odds of ,god's creation are now associated together1 and are battling in the same unholy cause1 in the name of ,democracy6 ,and further to exhibit the inconsistency of this ,democratic and ,foreign party1 it will be recollected that1 in #ahdd1 they nominated ,,silas ,,wright1 of ,new ,york1 for ,vice-,president1 to run on the ticket with ,,col4 ,,polk--a position he declined1 because he would not agree to be second best on the ticket4 ,in a letter to ,,james ,h4 ,,titus1 ,,esq41 bearing date ,april #ae1 #ahdg1 ,,mr4 ,,wright says3 ,if the question had been propounded to me at any period of my public life1 ,shall the arms of the ,union be employed to conquer1 or the money of the ,union be used to purchase ,territory now constitutionally free1 for the purpose of planting ,slavery upon it1 ,i should have answered1 ,no6 ,and this answer to this question is the ,wilmot ,proviso1 as ,i understand it4 ,i am surprised that any one should suppose me capable of entertaining any other opinion1 or giving any other answer as to such a proposition4 ,now1 if ,,silas ,,wright1 one of the great ,northern lights of ,democracy1 held these sentiments in #ahdg1 what must they have been in #ahdd1 when that party sought to elevate him to the second office within the gift of the nation8 ,but we are just reminded of what is said in the law and the prophets1 that is to say1 ,it is no part of the creed of a ,democrat1 ,,as ,,such1 to advocate or oppose the extension of slavery6 ,what a party6 ,from the ,knoxville ,whig for ,sept4 #bb1 #ahee4 ,,to ,,rev4 ,a4 ,b4 ,,longstreet1 ,,professor ,,of ,,methodism1 ,,romanism1 ,,and ,,locofocoism4 ,,reverend ,,sir3--,i see a pastoral address of yours1 to ,methodist ,know-,nothing ,preachers1 going the rounds of the ,locofoco ,foreign ,sag ,nicht papers of the ,south1 occupying from four to six columns1 according to the dimensions of the papers copying4 ,i have waded through your learned address1 and find it to be one of more ponderous magnitude than the ,report made to the ,british ,house of ,commons1 by ,lord ,north1 on a subject of far greater interest6 ,and as ,i am one of the class of men you address1 notwithstanding your great advantage over me in point of age and experience2 and as no one has made a formal response to your pious warnings1 it will not be deemed insolent in me to take you up4 ,my first acquaintance with you was in #ahdg1 at an ,annual ,meeting of the ,georgia ,conference1 held in ,madison2 and although the impressions made upon my mind by you1 on that occasion1 were any thing but favorable to you1 as a man1 still1 ,i am capable1 as ,i believe1 of doing you justice4 ,i supposed you then to be the rise of sixty years1 certainly in your dotage and among the vainest old gentlemen ,i had ever met with4 ,you obtained leave1 as ,i understand1 by your own seeking1 to deliver a lecture to the ,conference1 upon the subject of correctly reading and pronouncing the ,scriptures4 ,i was in attendance1 and listened to you with all the attention and impartiality ,i was capable of exercising4 ,i thought it a little presumptuous for any one man to assume to teach more than one hundred able ministers how to read and pronounce the inspired writings2 and the more so1 when ,i knew that several of the number were presidents and professors in different male and female colleges1 and that many others of them were graduates of the best literary institutions in the ,south4 ,still1 my apology for you was1 that you was a vain old gentleman1 and that to listen to you1 respectfully1 was to obey the ,divine teaching of one who has taught us to bear the infirmities of the weak4 ,your samples1 both of reading and pronunciation1 were amusing and novel to me4 ,and so far as ,i could gather the prevailing sentiment1 it was1 that to adopt your style would render the reading of the ,scriptures perfectly ridiculous4 ,in your address to ,methodist ,know-,nothing ,preachers1 ,i discover that you are still the man you were at ,madison1 in #ahdg3 you have a great deal to say about yourself1 and make free use of the personal pronoun ,i6 ,i advise--,i believe--,i am satisfied--,i will not agree--,i warn and caution--,i fear1 or ,i apprehend1 etc4 ,to parse the different sentences in your partisan harangue syntactically1 little else is necessary but to understand the first person singular1 and to repeat the rule as often as it occurs3 a peculiarity which characterizes every paragraph in your labored address4 ,beside1 the frequent use of the pronouns ,i1 me1 my1 mine1 etc41 too frequently occur to be worth estimating4 ,and it will be seen1 upon examination1 that not merely the verbiage1 but the sentiment1 is thus egotistic throughout1 exhibiting a degree of arrogance and self-importance1 only to be met with in a ,clerical ,locofoco1 used by bad men for ignoble purposes4 ,to carry out the idea of your vanity1 you say in the winding up of your address3 ,and now1 brethren1 have ,i or ,mr4 ,wesley hit upon one good reason why you should not have joined the ,know-,nothings8 ,if either of us have1 then ,i beseech you to come from among them4 ,if we have not1 there is yet another in reserve which1 if it does not prevail will show--or prove to my satisfaction at least--that if an angel from heaven were to denounce your order1 you would cleave to it still4 ,any other man but yourself would1 from considerations of modesty1 have given ,,john ,,wesley the preference1 in this connection1 and come in as second best4 ,but no1 you are first in place1 and1 in your own estimation1 in importance likewise1 as a religious teacher4 ,i have no doubt you consider yourself a much greater man than ,john ,wesley ever was2 and in proof of this1 ,i need only cite what you have said in reference to ,mr4 ,wesley's opposition to ,romanism3 ,even good old ,john ,wesley caught the spirit of the times1 and wrote that letter1 from which it appears he thought if the ,catholics got into power1 they would abuse ,protestants4 ,what abuse they could have heaped on them1 greater than they heaped on ,catholics1 short of cutting their throats1 ,i cannot conceive4 ,the only superior you acknowledge is ,,cardinal ,,wiseman1 a bigoted ,roman ,catholic1 and you seem to knock under to him quite reluctantly1 and not without informing the public that you have been a laborious student for forty years1 and a profound thinker4 ,here is your praise3 ,i have been a pretty severe student for near forty years1 and a laborious1 if not profound thinker for a long time2 but when ,i compare myself in intellectual stature with that man1 ,i shrink in my own estimation to the insignificance of a mite4 ,so much by way of noticing vanity4 ,you are a literary and theological star of the first magnitude6 ,you are an encyclopedia of the learning1 science1 patriotism1 and religion of the country6 ,sir1 if you possessed a little more sheep-faced modesty1 and could exhibit a little less of lion-headed impudence than you do1 you would be a much more useful1 not to say successful minister of the ,new ,testament6 ,sir1 you have taken the field in opposition to ,know-,nothingism1 professedly through your deep and abiding concern for ,christianity1 and the interests of ,methodism4 ,you say3 ,you cannot surely be so weak as to suppose you can crush ,romanism by ,know-,nothing agencies2 but you have almost ruined ,methodism by them already4 ,now the ruler of this nation is spoken evil of by your party continually1 and therefore1 in the judgment of ,wesley1 ,i might stand up in the pulpit and defend him4 ,the truth is1 you are influenced alone by partisan political feelings2 and occupying a position in a ,mississippi ,college1 in the midst of ,fire-eating ,disunion ,progressive ,democracy1 you desire to please them1 rather than serve the interests of your country or ,church4 ,to take the stump1 or the pulpit1 in defence of ,frank ,pierce and his corrupt administration1 would be a pleasant talk to you1 who have been1 all your life-time1 an inveterate ,locofoco in politics1 and a profound thinker in favor of its iniquitous measures and principles4 ,in your early political training1 you have been swayed by interest and popular favor1 and in most cases at the expense of truth1 just as you now are1 in your mad vindication of ,romanism4 ,a tool for others to work with1 till you have found yourself in a condition to use such tools as you yourself have been1 you are now a trimmer and weathercock1 leading on men of less sense than yourself1 to such distinction as interest and ambition may dictate6 ,sir1 you take the ground1 throughout1 that there is no danger of ,catholics in this country1 and that they do not seek to establish their religion4 ,here is a specimen of your logic3 ,thank ,god no religious sect can tyrannize over another in this country1 so long as they all respect the ,federal ,constitution4 ,until we see1 then1 the ,catholics treating that instrument with disrespect1 it is madness to entertain fears of them and worse than madness to form combinations against them4 ,now1 sir1 the foregoing statement is untrue1 and in making it you could not have been sincere4 ,you are a man of too much sense1 and of too much information1 to believe what you are wickedly trying to palm upon others4 ,brownson's ,quarterly ,review1 the most able1 as well as the most authentic organ of ,catholicism in the ,united ,states1 employs the following language to the ,american people--mark it3 ,are your free institutions infallible8 ,are they founded on ,divine right8 ,this you deny4 ,is not the proper question for you to discuss1 then1 not whether the ,papacy be or be not compatible with republican government1 but whether it be or be not founded in ,divine right8 ,if the ,papacy be founded in ,divine right1 it is supreme over whatever is founded only in human right1 and then your institutions should be made to harmonize with it3 not it with your institutions666 ,the real question1 then1 is not the compatibility or the incompatibility of the ,catholic ,church with democratic institutions1 but1 ,is the ,catholic ,church the ,church of ,god8 ,settle this question first4 ,but in point of fact1 democracy is a mischievous dream1 wherever the ,catholic ,church does not predominate1 to inspire the people with reverence1 and to teach and accustom them to obedience to authority4 ,here is still plainer language from the ,roman ,catholic ,bishop of ,st4 ,louis3 ,heresy and unbelief are crimes2 and in ,christian countries1 as in ,italy and ,spain1 for instance1 where all the people are ,catholics1 and where the ,catholic religion is an essential part of the law of the land1 they are punished as other crimes4 ,here is what the ,boston ,pilot says1 a ,catholic paper of high standing3 ,no good government can exist without religion1 and there can be no religion without an inquisition1 which is wisely designed for the promotion and protection of the true faith4 ,here is the ,shepherd of the ,valley1 published under the eye and with the approbation of the ,bishop of ,st4 ,louis3 ,the ,church is1 of necessity1 intolerant4 ,heresy she endures when and where she must2 but she hates it1 and directs all her energies to its destruction4 ,if ,catholics ever gain an immense numerical majority1 religious freedom in this country is at an end3 so say our enemies--so say we4 ,and here is what the ,rambler says1 a devoted ,catholic periodical1 high in the confidence of the ,bishops and ,priests of that ,church3 ,you ask if he 7the ,pope7 were lord in the land1 and you were in the minority1 if not in numbers1 yet in power1 what would he do to you8 ,that1 we say1 would entirely depend on circumstances4 ,if it would benefit the cause of ,catholicism1 he would tolerate you--if expedient1 he would imprison you1 banish you1 fine you1 probably he might even hang you2 but1 be assured of one thing1 he would never tolerate you for the sake of the 'glorious principles' of civil and religious liberty4 ,i could give other quotations of this character1 which have met your eye long since1 but ,i forbear1 as they would extend my letter beyond the limit ,i have prescribed for myself4 ,these are the publications which1 in part at least1 have given rise to the ,know-,nothing organization1 so cordially hated by you4 ,you say there is no danger of injury to our institutions from the rapid strides of ,romanism4 ,allow me to ask your attention to the following remarkable political prediction by the ,duke of ,richmond1 late ,governor-,general of ,canada1 and a ,british noble1 who declared himself hostile to the ,united ,states on all occasions4 ,speaking of our ,government1 this deadly enemy said3 ,it will be destroyed2 it ought not1 it will not be permitted to exist4 ,the curse of the ,french revolution1 and subsequent wars and commotions in ,europe1 are to be attributed to its example2 and so long as it exists1 no prince will be safe upon his throne2 and the sovereigns of ,europe are aware of it2 and they have determined upon its destruction1 and have come to an understanding upon this subject1 and have decided on the means to accomplish it2 and they will eventually succeed by ,,subversion rather than conquest4 ,all the low and surplus population of the different nations of ,europe will be carried into that country4 ,it is and will be a receptacle for the bad and disaffected population of ,europe1 when they are not wanted for soldiers1 or to supply the navies2 and the governments of ,europe will favor such a course4 ,this will create a surplus and majority of low population1 who are so very easily excited2 and they will bring with them their principles2 and in nine cases out of ten adhere to their ancient and former governments1 laws1 manners1 customs1 and religion2 and will transmit them to their posterity2 and in many cases propagate them among the natives4 ,these men will become citizens1 and1 by the constitution and laws1 will be invested with the right of suffrage4 ,hence1 discord1 dissension1 anarchy and civil war will ensue2 and some popular individual will assume the government1 and restore order1 and the sovereigns of ,europe1 the emigrants1 and many of the natives will sustain him4 ,the ,church of ,rome has a design upon that country2 and it will in time be the established religion1 and will aid in the destruction of that ,republic4 ,i have conversed with many of the sovereigns and princes of ,europe1 and they have unanimously expressed these opinions relative to the government of the ,united ,states1 and their determination to subvert it4 ,but1 sir1 after eulogizing ,catholics for their devotion to religious toleration in this country1 you make two assertions1 touching the ,methodist ,church1 for which ,i wish to arraign you1 and for which the authorities of said ,church ought to arraign you1 under that section of our ,discipline which forbids railing out against our ,doctrines and ,discipline4 ,you say3 ,and if ,i were to take the stump against you1 ,i would say to the honest yeomanry of the country4 ',good people1 if you think your liberties will be any safer in the hands of ,methodists than ,catholics1 you are vastly mistaken4' ,i would add1 in humiliation but in candor1 ',you have ten thousand times more to fear1 just at this time1 from ,methodists1 than ,catholics2 simply because the first are more numerous than the last1 because the first are actually in the field for office1 while the last are not4' ,if you have this opinion of the ,methodist ,church1 you cannot be an honest man and remain within her jurisdiction4 ,you ought to leave her communion forthwith1 and go over to ,rome2 and in doing this1 you would not have far to go6 ,occupying the position you do1 and holding the sentiments you do1 ,i would not send a child to any school or college over which you might preside4 ,nor do ,i think any ,protestant parent or guardian ought to patronize any school under your care4 ,your influence1 whatever you may possess1 is against the ,protestant faith1 and in favor of ,catholicism4 ,in a word1 you are a dangerous man in a ,republican government4 ,upon the subject of religious toleration by the ,catholics1 you seem to have fallen into the same error adopted by the ,hon4 ,mr4 ,stephens1 of ,georgia--a man for whom you have great regard now1 but who1 in the days of ,clay ,whiggery1 was a stench in your ,locofoco nostrils6 ,mr4 ,stephens made the assertion1 in a public speech in ,augusta1 that the ,catholic ,colony of ,maryland1 under ,lord ,baltimore1 was the first to establish the principle of free toleration in religious worship4 ,the ,colony of ,maryland was a ,catholic ,colony1 and the ,toleration ,act was written by ,lord ,baltimore himself4 ,that ,act is dated #bast ,april1 #afdi1 when ,lord ,baltimore was in the zenith of his glory4 ,here is the language of that ,act of religious toleration3 ,denying the ,holy ,trinity is to be punished with death1 and confiscation of land and goods to the ,lord ,proprietary1 7,lord ,baltimore himself674 ,persons using any reproachful words concerning the ,blessed ,virgin ,mary1 or the ,holy ,apostles or ,evangelists1 to be fined #e1 or in default of payment to be publicly whipped and imprisoned1 at the pleasure of his ,lordship1 7,lord ,baltimore himself67 or of his ,lieutenant-,general4 ,see ,laws of ,maryland1 at large1 by ,t4 ,bacon1 ,a4 ,d4 #agfe4 #af and #ag ,cecilius's ,lord ,baltimore4 ,god deliver us from such toleration6 ,death was the penalty for expressing certain religious opinions1 not acceptable to ,lord ,baltimore and the ,holy ,catholic ,church6 ,fines and whipping at the post was the penalty for speaking against the image-worship of the ,catholic ,church4 ,but ,i need not pursue this subject further3 the onus propandi is on your side4 ,speaking of ,mr4 ,wesley1 you say3 ,if ,wesley were alive1 what would he think of your midnight plots1 and open tirades against ,papists8 ,but a letter of his has been going the rounds of the newspapers1 which the ,know ,nothings obviously think gives the sanction of that good man to their movement4 ,not so4 ,mr4 ,wesley was not the man to write as inconsistently as their version of this letter makes him write4 ,why1 sir1 ,mr4 ,wesley goes much further in his political opposition to ,roman ,catholics than the ,american party have ever proposed to go4 ,the ,american party say only that they will not vote for ,catholics1 or put them in office1 because their principles are antagonistic to the spirit of ,republican institutions4 ,mr4 ,wesley lays down the comprehensive1 but true doctrine1 in this very letter1 that no government not ,roman ,catholic ought to tolerate men of the ,roman ,catholic persuasion4 ,and to show how fully and clearly he sustains this position1 ,i quote from his letter at length4 ,you will find the letter in ,vol4 #e1 page #hag1 of ,wesley's ,miscellaneous ,works1 dated ,january #abth1 #aghj4 ,it was originally addressed to the ,dublin ,freeman's ,journal4 ,here is what ,mr4 ,wesley says1 in the very letter you seek to deny out of3 ,i consider not whether the ,romish religion is true or false3 build nothing on one or the other supposition4 ,therefore1 away with all your common-place declamation about intolerance and persecution for religion6 ,suppose every word of ,pope ,pius's creed to be true6 ,suppose the ,council of ,trent to have been infallible2 yet ,i insist upon it that no government not ,roman ,catholic ought to tolerate men of the ,roman ,catholic persuasion4 ,i prove this by a plain argument--let him answer it that can--that no ,roman ,catholic does or can give security for his allegiance or peaceable behavior4 ,i prove it thus3 ,it is a ,roman ,catholic maxim1 established not by private men1 but by public council1 that ',no faith is to be kept with heretics4' ,this has been openly avowed by the ,council of ,constance2 but it has never been openly disclaimed4 ,whether private persons avow or disavow it1 it is a fixed maxim of the ,church of ,rome4 ,but as long as it is so1 nothing can be more plain than that the members of that ,church can give no reasonable security to any government for their allegiance and peaceable behavior4 ,therefore1 they ought not to be tolerated by any government1 ,protestant1 ,mohammedan1 or ,pagan4 ,you say1 ',nay1 but they take an oath of allegiance4' ,true1 five hundred oaths2 but the maxim1 ',no faith is to be kept with heretics1' sweeps them all away as a spider's web4 ,so that still no governors that are not ,roman ,catholics can have any security of their allegiance4 ,again1 those who acknowledge the spiritual power of the ,pope can give no security of their allegiance to any government2 but all ,roman ,catholics acknowledge this3 therefore they can give no security for their allegiance4 ,the power of granting pardons for all sins--past1 present1 and to come--is1 and has been for many centuries1 one branch of his spiritual power4 ,but those who acknowledge him to have this spiritual power can give no security for their allegiance1 since they believe the ,pope can pardon rebellion1 high treason1 and all other sins whatever4 ,the power of dispensing with any promise1 oath1 or vow1 is another branch of the spiritual power of the ,pope3 all who acknowledge his spiritual power must acknowledge this4 ,but whoever acknowledges the dispensing power of the ,pope1 can give no security for his allegiance to any government4 ,oaths and promises are none3 they are as light as air--a dispensation makes them null and void4 ,nay1 not only the ,pope1 but even a priest has power to pardon sins6 ,this is an essential doctrine of the ,church of ,rome4 ,but they that acknowledge this1 cannot possibly give any security for their allegiance to any government4 ,oaths are no security at all2 for the priest can pardon both perjury and high treason4 ,setting their religion aside1 it is plain that1 upon principles of reason1 no government ought to tolerate men who cannot give any security to that government for their allegiance and peaceful behavior4 ,but this1 no ,romanist can do2 not only while he holds that 'no faith is to be kept with heretics1' but so long as he acknowledges either priestly absolution1 or the spiritual power of the ,pope4 ,if any one pleases to answer this1 and set his name1 ,i shall probably reply4 ,but the productions of anonymous writers ,i do not promise to take any notice of4 ,i am1 sir1 your humble servant1 ,,john ,,wesley4 ,,city ,,road1 ,january #ab1 #aghj4 ,but1 sir1 you know as well as any living man that the history of the ,church1 from the days of the first ,pope down to the iniquitous reign of ,pius ,,ix41 sustains ,mr4 ,wesley in his views on this subject1 and justifies the steps taken by the ,american party4 ,notwithstanding the oft-repeated profession of ,catholic liberality and ,romish toleration1 so triumphantly paraded by you1 and other interested aspirants and unprincipled demagogues1 the ,catholic ,church has invariably shown herself to be destitute of both1 whenever she had the opportunity of using them4 ,sir1 intolerance is an element of her faith1 and persecution a specimen of her piety2 and no man knows it better than you do4 ,in taking upon herself the obligation of true obedience to the ,pope1 the ,catholic ,church imposes upon herself a task that proves beyond all doubt she cannot1 under any circumstances1 remain faithful to that obligation1 and yet maintain allegiance to such a government as ours6 ,sir1 ,i have no patience with a ,protestant minister who stands forth as the apologist of ,catholicism2 nor have ,i any confidence in one who does it1 provided he is a man of intelligence1 as ,i admit you to be4 ,the only excuse ,i can render for your strange and inconsistent conduct is1 that you are in your dotage2 that you are a violent old partisan2 and that you are the tool of designing demagogues1 infamous disunionists1 and unmitigated repudiators4 ,i shall not be at all surprised to hear that you have apostatized from the ,methodist ,church1 and gone over to the ,roman ,catholics4 ,i learn from the ,little ,rock ,gazette1 a ,democratic paper1 that but the other day1 ,gov4 ,e4 ,n4 ,carway1 of ,arkansas1 a member of the ,methodist ,church1 had actually apostatized from ,methodism1 and the ,protestant faith1 and united with the ,roman ,catholics4 ,and what makes his defection from the faith of his fathers still more notorious1 his organ is down upon the ,protestant clergy in bitter and unrelenting denunciations6 ,i believe that you are preparing to go over to the ,roman ,catholics2 and to justify your change1 when the time comes1 you now assert1 in humiliation but in candor1 you say1 that the people have ten thousand times more to fear from ,methodists than from ,catholics4 ,if you believe this1 you ought to leave the ,methodist ,church instantly1 even without the formalities of a withdrawal or expulsion--even though you should be denied admittance into the ,catholic ,church6 ,i deny that we have ten thousand times more to fear from the ,devil than we have from the ,catholics2 and according to your argument1 the ,methodists are worse than the ,devil6 ,this1 their most bitter revilers and enemies do not believe2 and for obvious reasons4 ,the ,methodist ,church has no ,st4 ,bartholomew's ,day1 with its rivers of blood staining her garments3 she never indiscriminately slaughtered the ,albigenses1 or ,waldenses1 or ,huguenots3 she never established an infernal ,inquisition3 she never lit up the fires of ,smithfield3 never burned the ,holy ,bible1 and prohibited1 upon pain of eternal death1 the printing and circulating of ,god's word2 and last1 but not least1 she has not sought to keep the people in ignorance4 ,wherever ,methodism has been planted1 the people have become great and happy4 ,if you please1 wherever ,protestantism has prevailed1 the people have been prosperous and happy4 ,but look to ,old ,spain1 ,italy1 the ,german ,confederacies1 ,sardinia1 ,naples1 ,austria1 ,belgium1 ,portugal1 ,bavaria1 ,baden1 ,south ,america1 and ,mexico1 where ,romanism is the established religion1 and the places of her influence are a hissing and a by-word in the eyes of the civilized world6 ,protestantism has done more for the world in the last hundred years than the ,roman ,catholic ,church has for the eighteen hundred years6 ,sir1 the ,puritans1 of ,new ,england2 the ,hollanders1 of ,new ,york2 the ,quakers1 ,lutherans1 and ,german ,reformed1 of ,pennsylvania2 the ,baptists1 of ,rhode ,island2 the ,episcopalians and ,presbyterians1 of ,virginia2 the ,lutherans and followers of ,wesley and ,whitefield1 of ,georgia2 the ,huguenots and ,episcopalians1 of the ,carolinas2 and the ,seceders in several of the ,states1 who were the religious pioneers of these ,states1 were all ,protestants and ,know ,nothings2 and if they were living1 they would be ashamed of you and your teachings4 ,they selected this wilderness country as their home1 in order that they might enjoy those religious privileges from which they had been debarred in the old world1 by the very ,church and people you are seeking to vindicate4 ,but you will say1 as you have done in substance1 that this is no longer the characteristic of ,romanism4 ,why is it not8 ,has she ever changed for the better8 ,when did she renounce her doctrines and practices8 ,never6 ,rome is the same tyrannical system now1 where she has the power1 that she ever has been1 and for ever must be4 ,wo to this land of ours1 if ever ,rome gets the ascendancy here6 ,her creed is the same here and now1 in this respect1 that it has everywhere been1 and must always be4 ,it is her boast that she is always right1 and knows no change4 ,she practices her unholy inquisitorial and ,jesuitical doctrines in this country1 as far as she can and dare act them out4 ,her whole system is adverse to our republican institutions and she hesitates not to declare it4 ,she has publicly burned our ,bible in different ,states in this ,union1 and recently1 in ,new ,york and ,pennsylvania4 ,archbishop ,hughes1 the ,head of the ,catholic ,church in this country1 has taken an oath1 administered by the ,pope of ,rome1 of which this is a part3 ,heretics1 schismatics1 and rebels to our said ,lord 7the ,pope7 or his aforesaid successors1 ,i will1 to my utmost power1 persecute and wage war with4 ,the ,church of ,rome declares all who are not its members to be heretics4 ,it is painful1 in view of all these things1 to see an old ,protestant minister1 whose head has been withered by the frosts of seventy winters1 openly in the field advocating a ,church whose ,bishops1 ,priests1 and members are drunken with the blood of saints4 ,there is but one remaining feature of your singular address to ,know ,nothing ,methodist ,preachers to be replied to1 and ,i am through4 ,you assail the new party on the score of its secrecy1 and of its concealment of its acts from the public4 ,had this objection come from any one but a ,methodist ,preacher1 and a known advocate of ,class-meetings being held with closed doors1 ,i would now dispose of it without occupying as much space as ,i shall do in my concluding remarks6 ,notwithstanding all the secrecy in the new ,order of ,know ,nothings has been set aside by the act of the ,national ,council which created it2 and notwithstanding our members tell all about their ,councils1 where and when they meet1 and our orators read out and publish to the world our obligations1 rules1 and principles1 it is still objected that ours is a secret ,order1 liable to be used for bad purposes2 that we travel about with dark lanterns2 that our proceedings are not restrained by the wholesome check of public opinion6 ,now1 this1 the great objection to our ,order1 comes from men who belong to ,lodges of ,free ,masons and ,odd ,fellows1 and who have taken all the binding oaths attached to the different degrees of these respective ,orders6 ,the same objection is urged against the ,american party1 by men who belong to the ,order of ,sons of ,temperance1 who have deemed a rigid secret organization necessary to combat successfully a domestic evil6 ,it is urged in bitterness against the ,order1 by demagogues and partisans1 who have acted for years with the secret political conclaves of their respective parties1 who have held their meetings with closed doors--kept their places of meeting a profound secret--and when they have adjourned1 they have enjoined secrecy upon all present6 ,last1 but not least1 this secret feature is urged against the ,american organization by the vile apologists for the ,catholic ,church1 and its corrupt ,priesthood and membership1 in this country4 ,these demagogues know that the ,roman ,catholic ,church is a secret society1 directed by a talented1 designing1 and villainous ,,hierarchy--absolutely controlled by an anti-,republican ,priesthood1 to a degree which has never been exercised by any political party in the known world6 ,the ,confessional is a secret tribunal1 before which every member of that ,church is required to make known1 not only immoral actions1 but every thought and purpose of the heart1 and upon pain of incurring the anathema of the ,church1 which is equivalent to a sentence of eternal damnation6 ,the corrupt order of ,,jesuits1 the infamous society of ,,san ,,fedesti1 and the infinitely infernal society of ,,irish ,,ribbon ,,men--these are all oath-bound societies of the ,catholic ,church1 connected directly with the horrid operations of the ,holy ,inquisition4 ,now1 ,i put the question to any man of reason and common sense1 if ,roman ,catholics and their patriotic ,democratic admirers and advocates1 in this country1 are not the last men on earth who should object to the secret doings of the order of ,know ,nothings1 even if their secrecy were kept up8 ,every ,roman ,catholic in the known world is under the absolute control of a secret society1 by considerations not only of a temporal1 but of an ,,eternal ,,weight6 ,but ,i am not done with these ,democratic opposers of ,,secrecy4 ,the ,convention which formed the ,constitution of the ,united ,states1 sat in the old ,state ,house in ,philadelphia1 with closed doors1 from the #beth of ,may to the #agth of ,september1 wanting only eight days of four months4 ,that body of men had a ,doorkeeper and ,sergeant-at-arms1 both under oath1 to keep their doors barred1 and all their proceedings a secret4 ,so says ,mr4 ,jefferson's biography6 ,and such men as ,washington1 ,adams1 ,jefferson1 ,madison1 ,franklin1 ,harrison1 ,hancock1 ,hopkins1 and others1 composed that body6 ,during the war of the ,revolution1 ,general ,washington1 ,generals ,lee1 ,wayne1 ,marion1 and others1 organized a secret ,american ,society1 with its branches extending from ,north to ,south1 having their passwords1 signs1 and grips1 and writing to each other in figures1 and an unknown tongue1 as the ,know ,nothings have been doing1 and all1 too1 with a view to oppose ,foreign intrigues and oppressions6 ,it is as well known as any political truth1 that ,general ,,washington1 at the time of his death1 was the ,president of the ,cincinnati ,society1 a secret political society1 in which1 we see it stated on unquestionable authority1 no man was eligible to membership unless he was a native ,american4 ,the ,columbian ,order1 known as the ,tammany ,society1 was a secret political society1 and highly influential1 and maintains its existence to this day1 and without danger to the liberties of the country4 ,gen4 ,,sam ,,houston publishes to the world that himself and ,gen4 ,,jackson were members of this ,society4 ,what say the anti-,americans to all these facts8 ,do they believe that ,gen4 ,washington1 or ,jackson1 would have united with any association or order not purely ,american8 ,would either have entered into any political league1 when secrecy was enjoined1 if he had not approved of the principle of secrecy in political associations8 ,never6 ,from the characters of ,washington and ,jackson--the sacrifices they made for their country1 united with their fervid patriotism1 and their known preference for every thing ,american1 ,i do not doubt for one moment1 that if they were both now living1 they would unite with the veritable ,order of ,know ,nothings6 ,i believe the hand of ,god to be in this very movement1 and as much in the secrecy of it1 in the outset1 as in any other feature4 ,i regard the movement as one growing out of a great crisis in the affairs of our country1 and a precursor of a sound1 healthful1 and vigorous nationality1 and which will ultimately prevent the liberties of this country from being destroyed1 by the machinations of such demagogues and factionists as now seek to excuse ,romanism1 and fellowship ,foreign ,pauperism4 ,secret societies are only dangerous to despots and tyrants1 and history shows that these above all others have made war upon them4 ,they have denounced and proscribed ,masonry in every quarter of the globe1 where they have had the power4 ,the ,pope1 with the aid of his ,cardinals1 has crushed the ancient order of ,free ,masons in his dominions4 ,there is not a ,masonic ,lodge in ,italy4 ,in our own country1 not a single ,catholic is to be found associated with the order of ,free ,masons2 and why8 ,masonry is founded upon the ,bible1 and requires the reading of the ,protestant ,bible in all its ,lodges1 and this don't suit ,romanism4 ,we state these general and historical facts1 without knowing any thing of our own knowledge of ,masonry4 ,in the young and growing city of ,knoxville1 it is within our own knowledge1 that many of the ,irish ,catholics attached themselves to the ,order of the ,sons of ,temperance1 with a view1 as they said1 of throwing around them the wholesome restraints of the ,order4 ,on the first visit of a priest to the city1 commonly called ,father ,brown1 these ,irish ,catholics began to drop off one by one1 until not one of them is now in the ,order1 and most of those who were1 are daily seen drunk in our streets4 ,indeed1 some of them in withdrawing had the candor to acknowledge that the priest required them to do so6 ,and why8 ,because1 in all the ,divisions of the ,sons of ,temperance here1 we have the ,protestant ,scriptures read1 and have ,protestant prayers offered up4 ,this don't suit the ,church of ,rome6 ,i have the honor to be1 very truly and frankly1 ,w4 ,g4 ,,brownlow4 ,,to ,,the ,,right ,,reverend ,,aaron ,v4 ,,brown1 ,m4 ,s4 ,,sir3--,i have received by mail a pamphlet copy of your ,letter to the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers1 ,itinerant and ,local1 of the ,methodist ,episcopal ,church ,south1 covering twenty-eight octavo pages4 ,i thank you for a copy of your ,pastoral address2 and ,i am happy to be able to infer from its teachings that you have made a profession of religion1 before taking upon yourself ,holy ,orders4 ,i suppose the time of your conversion1 you date back to the memorable period when you saw sights on ,mount ,pisgah1 and had conferred on you the degree of ,modern ,seer1 and entered upon the duties of ,high ,priest of ,democracy6 ,as ,i am one of the parties addressed1 and the customs of the ,church and the country require a response to so grave a document1 ,i have felt it incumbent upon me to perform the task4 ,i may style this the ,last epistle of ,aaron1 the ,priest1 and illustrious ,chief of ,foreign ,catholic ,sag ,nicht ,locofocoism6 ,my first impulses were1 upon reading your address1 to call for your credentials1 and to examine into your authority for assuming to dictate to the entire ,ministry of the ,southern portion of the ,methodist ,church4 ,you must either enter the ,ecclesiastical ring under the imposition of the hands of ,,bishop ,,soule or ,andy ,johnson4 ,if ,,bishop ,,soule ordained you for the ,ministry1 and set you apart as the ,lieutenant-,general of the ,methodist ,episcopal ,church ,south1 the presumption is that he examined you on doctrinal points1 and upon all questions affecting the government of the ,church1 as was his duty1 and is our custom1 and that he found you orthodox6 ,it follows1 as a matter of course1 that you renounced your heresy you advocated in the ,hartford ,convention1 held at ,nashville1 and that you obtained forgiveness for that and numerous other sins of omission and commission--aye1 for the whole catalogue of your inward and outward iniquities1 which so eminently disqualified you for the work of the ,ministry6 ,but if ,andy ,johnson ordained you for the work1 of which there is no sort of doubt1 the ,church ,south1 through me1 protests against your authority1 and utterly refuses to submit to your teachings4 ,our ,church does not agree with ,johnson on the ,white ,basis issue1 or the great question of slavery2 and in proof of this1 ,i cite to the fact of her separation from the ,north1 in #ahdd1 upon this very question4 ,she has within her bounds of communion1 rich men and poor1 educated and uneducated1 and is unwilling to unite with him in arraying the poor against the rich1 or the unlearned against the learned4 ,nor does our ,church believe that ,jesus ,christ was a ,locofoco1 as ,johnson asserts in his ,inaugural1 and held that ,christianity and ,democracy1 in converging lines1 led to the foot of ,jacob's ,ladder1 and thence to heaven1 via ,mount ,pisgah1 from whose lofty summit you first beheld the promised land6 ,it therefore follows1 that1 in presenting yourself as a spiritual leader in the ,church1 called to the work1 as you have been1 by ,andy ,johnson1 your case is fully met by a quotation from ,job3 ,now there was a day when the sons of ,god came to present themselves before the ,lord1 and ,satan came also among them4 ,a second passage1 from the ,book of ,jeremiah1 meets your case1 and leaves no doubt that the inspired ,prophet had you in his eye3 ,we have heard the pride of ,moab1 7he is exceedingly proud17 his loftiness1 and his arrogance1 and his pride1 and his haughtiness of heart4 ,i know his wrath1 saith the ,lord2 but it shall not be so2 his lies shall not so effect it4 ,to be candid with you1 ,gov4 ,brown1 ,i regard your address1 under all the circumstances1 as a display of the most brazen-faced assurance and the most unmitigated impudence ,i ever met with in my life6 ,i have known for years that you were capable of great presumption1 but in this insolent and dictatorial address you surpass yourself--you positively out-,herod ,herod6 ,in the whole history of the country1 and of parties1 ,i venture the assertion1 that a parallel piece of impudence1 and downright bold-faced assurance1 cannot be pointed to1 as the act of any partisan4 ,it is really past all belief1 if ,i had not your production before me4 ,but more of this hereafter4 ,copies of your pamphlet were distributed through the aisles and seats of the ,annual ,conference room in ,nashville1 and have been sent all over the ,south1 to members of other ,conferences4 ,your proof-sheet was seen ten days before the meeting of the ,middle ,tennessee ,conference1 and your work of faith and labor of love was ready for distribution when the ,conference first convened1 but you held it back till the ,conference was ready to adjourn1 and to a period so late1 that a reply1 if one had been deemed necessary1 could not be made4 ,this was cowardly1 and in keeping with your political tactics and code of morals4 ,in saying that this was in keeping with your code of morals1 ,i allude to the ,woodberry affair4 ,i shall now take up your address1 ,governor1 and wade through its twenty-eight pages of double-distilled ,sag ,nichtism1 sublimated impudence1 and concealed advocacy of ,romanism1 mixed up with contradictions1 false assertions1 and glaring absurdities1 as it is1 from beginning to end4 ,in the opening paragraph1 you predicate your right to instruct the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers of the entire ,church1 ,south1 upon the real or assumed fact1 that you are ,the son of a now sainted father1 who for forty years ministered at your altars1 the co-laborer of that noble band of ,christian ministers1 who1 under ,asbury and ,coke1 founded your ,church in ,america6 ,alas1 that any sainted ,father should be represented by so degenerate a son--an irreligious son--not a member of any ,church--but having the hardihood1 in the face of those who know the facts1 to disguise himself in the priestly robes of a sainted ,father--like an ass in a lion's skin1 to bray out against better men than himself1 or1 like a wolf in sheep's clothing1 to steal into the fold1 where that ,father was accustomed to minister in holy things1 and with soft and honeyed words1 and hypocritical teachings1 and ,satan-like misrepresentations1 seek whom he may devour6 ,you tell the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers1 that you really approve their creed1 and1 what is still more soul-cheering1 you have witnessed their growth and progress for years1 with the highest satisfaction4 ,this is very condescending in the son of a now sainted father6 ,it is quite flattering6 ,but these ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers1 would receive all this with a greater degree of allowance1 if they did not believe that your generous patronage1 so lavishly bestowed upon them and their creed1 was prompted by a principle of which selfishness is the soul6 ,they believe1 and so express themselves in conversation1 that your forced smile of approbation1 your reluctant eulogy1 have both been wrung from you1 because you are a sycophantic partisan suitor for patronage1 in the way of votes for your party4 ,these ,clergymen whom you address1 think it a great pity that the son of a now sainted father should exhibit so much satisfaction at witnessing their prosperity1 in theory1 and manifest not one particle in practice4 ,they think that you would be in your proper place1 to be found among the mourners1 instead of the teachers in their ,church2 and that it is high time1 considering your age in life1 and the extent of your iniquities1 that you should be found upon your knees1 in an altar full of fresh straw1 at an old-fashioned ,camp-,meeting1 asking the pious to pray for you1 and ,god1 for the sake of the forty years labors of a now sainted father1 to have mercy upon you1 and save your sinful old soul from that death that never dies4 ,why1 ,sir1 the ,devil himself would blush to perpetrate such an act of arrogance as you have done1 in thus volunteering your advice to the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers1 of the ,methodist ,church4 ,an old political party hack1 who is not now1 and never was1 a member of any ,church--an intriguing old sinner1 who never even attends ,church1 and who1 in this respect1 shows that he neither fears ,god1 respects the ,christian ,sabbath1 nor approves the creed of any orthodox denomination1 to be lecturing a numerous body of ,clergymen1 as to what they ought or ought not to do1 it is the culmination of all that is called effrontery6 ,the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers of the ,methodist ,church1 wish the evidence of your conversion to ,god1 before they consent to obey you1 as having the rule over them4 ,your approval of their creed1 and the satisfaction with which you have witnessed their progress1 is not sufficient to satisfy their doubting minds1 as long as you continue to ride into ,nashville on ,sabbath1 and retail political slang at the ,,inn1 or read ,sag ,nicht papers at the ,union ,office1 to the neglect of the house of ,god1 and the evil example set before young men1 against the statute in such cases made and provided6 ,we must1 as ,ministers1 hear you relate your experience1 in a regular class-meeting4 ,nay1 more1 knowing your raising1 and your ability to deceive1 even the very elect1 we must see you down upon your marrow-bones1 surrounded by noisy and zealous officials1 pounding you on the back1 and exclaiming1 as in the days of your sainted father1 ,pray on1 ,aaron6 ,we must hear you groan--we must see your sinful old bosom heave--we must witness the falling of big tears1 as you publicly confess and manfully repent of your misdeeds--of the whole catalogue1 of all the inward and outward iniquities of your past life--your sins of omission and commission1 which ,god knows are more numerous than the hairs upon your old sinful head6 ,i say we must see all this1 and even more1 before we can have faith in your teachings1 as big as even a grain of mustard seed6 ,but you are the son of a now sainted father--you derive great satisfaction from the growth and progress of ,methodism--you approve the ,methodist creed--and hence1 a glorious future awaits the ,methodist ,church3 provided always1 that her ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers hearken to and obey your teachings1 a thing they are very certain not to do1 in the matter under consideration4 ,it is a melancholy fact1 that many of the sons of ,methodist1 and other ,ministers1 are very wicked and unpromising men2 and it is equally true1 and certainly notorious1 that where they turn out to be sinners1 they are sinners above all offenders1 dwelling either at ,jerusalem or elsewhere6 ,i have no hesitancy in pronouncing you as hard a case1 in a moral point of view1 as ever came before the ,church1 and the only appropriate reply her ecclesiastical dignitaries can make to your address1 is to appoint a day of fasting and prayer to ,god1 for your conversion1 to be observed throughout her borders4 ,i now1 as the appointed organ of the ,church1 set apart the first day of ,january1 #ahef1 and ,i pray you1 as one desiring the salvation of your soul1 to be in the spirit and in a proper frame of mind on that day6 ,humble yourself before ,god--tell him that you were in error in stealing the livery of ,heaven to serve the ,devil in6 ,tell him that you are an old worn-out political hack--that you have grown gray in the service of sin--that during the whole of a somewhat eventful life1 your labors have been in the dirtiest pools of party politics--that you have been insincere and unscrupulous in all your teachings and acts--that you stand before the people of ,tennessee publicly branded by eight respectable and reliable citizens of ,wilson county1 as a falsifier in the ,know ,nothing controversy of the past summer--and that you are sorry for having come forth steeped to the nose and chin in political profligacy1 to lecture grave ,clergymen upon subjects you ought to set at their feet and learn lessons about6 ,tell your ,god1 what he doubtless knows1 that though the son of a now sainted father1 you are as full of devils as ever ,mary ,magdalene was--that like the ,imps of ,sin1 in ,milton1 these yelp all around you--that this is no reflection upon a now sainted father1 whose seeming neglect of your early training grew out of his continual absence from home1 as is the case with most ,methodist ,preachers1--aye1 tell your ,god1 that once out of this scrape1 you will never be caught in another of the kind6 ,you say1 ,from the foundation of our government1 it has been a conceded and settled doctrine1 that the various religious denominations should not1 as such1 intermeddle with the political contests of the day4 ,no instance is now remembered where they have done so6 ,this is a remarkable sentence1 and partakes of the nature of your ,wilson county assertions6 ,the history of the ,church1 and of the world1 contradicts every word of the foregoing1 and demonstrates that the settled doctrine of the ,catholic ,church1 has ever been1 as it still is1 to intermeddle with the political contests of the day4 ,i will trouble you with two instances in which religious denominations1 as such1 have been guilty of what you deny4 ,the ,albany 7,n4 ,y47 ,state ,register1 a paper which usually does not say what it cannot maintain1 states that ,,archbishop ,,hughes has issued a mandate1 commanding all ,catholics in the ,albany ,district1 in the exciting ,state election now coming off1 to cast their votes for ,mr4 ,crosby for the ,senate4 ,but ,roman ,catholics1 you falsely tell us1 never intermeddle with the political contests of the day3 ,o no6 ,the other instance now remembered1 is the one in which you were a candidate for a seat in the ,legislature of ,tennessee1 in the county of ,giles3 this was1 according to my recollection1 in #ahca1 or a quarter of a century ago4 ,at that time1 there was a small ,manual ,labor ,school in ,giles1 which had been incorporated by the ,legislature1 and at the head of which was a ,presbyterian4 ,the gentleman who ran against you1 if not a member of the ,presbyterian ,church1 approved their creed1 and witnessed their growth and progress for years with the highest satisfaction4 ,you charged upon the stump that the ,presbyterians were seeking to establish their religion by law1 to unite ,church and ,state--appealed to the ,methodist and ,baptist to put them down by electing you1 with a promise that you would check their march by counter-legislation--and you were elected upon this issue4 ,at the same time1 as the oldest inhabitants of ,giles know1 there were not fifty ,presbyterians in the county6 ,but no instance is remembered in which one sect has intermeddled with another--,o no6 ,you say3 ,in the mutations of parties in this country1 a new one has lately arisen1 to which1 ,i apprehend1 more of the ,methodist ministers have attached themselves1 at least in the ,state of ,tennessee1 than might have been expected4 ,this party1 known as the ,know ,nothings1 is so peculiar in its organization1 that it seems strange to me that any minister or professor of religion should be willing longer to continue in it4 ,your apprehensions are well-founded1 when you suppose that a very large proportion of the ,methodist ministers in ,tennessee are either members of this new party or sympathize with it4 ,and1 sir1 more of the ministers of other denominations than you seem to be aware of1 have either attached themselves to this party1 in the mutations of parties1 or act with it1 and endorse its aims and objects1 than you have yet dreamed of6 ,and it seems strange to these ministers1 and thousands of the purest and best laymen in the ,protestant ranks1 that any minister or professor of religion should be willing longer to oppose the principles of this party1 or array themselves under the black flag of ,papal ,rome1 and of the pauper emigrants with whom she is flooding our land6 ,but1 sir1 the object of your ,address is1 to persuade if you can1 and if not1 to drive1 by motives of fear1 the ,clergy of the ,methodist ,church from their position on this great ,american and ,protestant question4 ,alas1 how little does the son of a sainted father understand the material he attempts to work upon6 ,methodist ministers are free men1 the equals of other moral and upright men in heroic virtues1 and far in advance of that of politicians in ,tennessee who believe parties in religion1 as in politics1 are only held together by the cohesive power of public plunder1 and who assume to direct public opinion from a principle1 of which selfishness is the ,alpha and ,omega1 the beginning and the end6 ,sir1 the violence1 bitterness1 and the very inflammatory tone1 not to say language1 of your ,gallatin1 ,lebanon1 and ,columbia speeches1 are enough1 it seems to me1 to nauseate every good and conservative citizen1 and to disgust every ,bishop1 ,elder1 and other ,ministers1 ,itinerant and ,local1 of the ,methodist ,episcopal ,church1 ,south4 ,even in this ,address1 you insult these ministers on every page4 ,i see not how any preacher1 with a true ,protestant and ,american heart in him1 can read this address of yours through1 without rising up from his seat and saying3 ,i have voted with this ,anti-,protestant and ,anti-,american party for the last time4 ,in warning ,methodist ministers to withdraw their sanction and approbation of ,know ,nothingism1 you say3 ,i therefore call upon them this day to come out of these lodges1 and never return to them3 at all events1 never return to them until all secrecy1 all their bits of red paper1 7indicating blood1 even by the selection of color17 all their signs and signals1 are utterly abolished and dispensed with4 ,i call upon them to do this1 and to do it forthwith--by their hopes of heaven--by their obedience to the word of ,god--by their allegiance to the ,constitution and laws of their country--to come out from any party which has adopted a mode and plan of organization so fatal to the peace of society1 and the progress of true religion4 ,what egotism6 ,you call upon them6 ,you make a freer use of the personal pronoun ,i1 than even old ,parson ,longstreet1 the ,know ,nothing slayer of ,mississippi4 ,to parse your different sentences syntactically1 nothing else is necessary but to understand the first person singular1 and to repeat the rule4 ,not only your verbiage but your sentiment is thus egotistic throughout6 ,your appeal to the ministers to come out of this organization1 on the ground of its secrecy1 is a species of demagoguism1 the more disgusting when it is considered that you are a ,free ,mason1 and have1 by all the arts and blandishment of your nature1 sought to induce ministers to go into that organization4 ,but1 then1 there is no violation of law or the ,constitution in ,masonry--fatal to the peace of society and to the progress of true religion--no1 nothing6 ,understand me3 ,i am not opposed to ,masonry4 ,on this subject of the ,romish creed1 which you excuse1 and even advocate1 you admit that there are alleged abuses1 which have prompted the ,protestant ,churches to unite themselves with this new ,order6 ,then you insultingly tell these ,churches this tale3 ,but they ought to have remembered1 that even a virtuous indignation can never justify proscription and persecution3 these bring no remedy to the real or supposed evils1 but are sure to increase and aggravate them4 ,these errors in faith1 and abominations in practice1 if they really exist1 were known to the ,wesleys1 and ,cokes1 and ,asburys1 who founded your ,church3 to the ,lees1 the ,bruces1 the ,capers1 the ,logan ,douglasses1 the ,summerfields1 and the ,bascoms1 who subsequently extended and adorned it4 ,but they never proposed to kindle1 in this enlightened age of ,christianity1 the consuming fires of ,,religious ,,persecution4 ,now1 sir1 every distinguished founder of the ,methodist ,church you have named1 from ,,wesley to ,,bascom1 has written and preached against the errors in faith1 and abominations in practice1 of the ,romish ,church1 and they each and all have taken this very ground upon the religious issues4 ,i have heard three of these men preach1 and ,i am familiar with the writings of the rest1 and know whereof ,i speak4 ,you intentionally deceive and misrepresent the ,american party1 when you charge that they seek to proscribe one class of our citizens--that they desire to interfere with the rights of conscience--and to say how men should worship ,god4 ,why don't you inform your readers that ,archbishop ,hughes1 and other ,catholic ,bishops1 were the first to introduce religion into political discussion in this country8 ,this would not suit your purposes--it suits your objects1 taste1 and inclination better1 to slander the ,american party by wholesale1 and to charge upon its members the atrocities committed by your foreign and pauper allies4 ,we only choose to vote against them1 and to vote for ,american-born citizens and ,protestants3 which is as much our right1 as it is the right of these foreign ,catholics to vote against and proscribe ,american ,protestants4 ,for this1 you and your villainous associates exhaust the whole vocabulary of ,billingsgate upon the ,american party4 ,what is their offence8 ,why1 they simply place certain questions before persons desiring to act with them1 which they think1 at least1 may affect the national welfare1 and before the people of the ,union1 and ask their opinion of these questions at the ballot-box4 ,the ,american party has always denied1 and ,i again reiterate the denial1 that we do1 at all proscribe1 or in any way interfere with1 any class of our foreign citizens1 save that we propose to send convicts from ,european prisons back to their own native and infamous dens1 as fast as they land here--but these are not citizens of ours4 ,i appeal to our ,platform1 and our ,book of ,constitutions1 and ,i offer to any man a handsome reward--any man who will produce in either a statement containing the proscription you falsely charge against us4 ,i now say1 ,gov4 ,brown1 either do this1 or cease your empty vaporing against the proscriptive features of our system1 as you are pleased to style it4 ,you declaim most lustily in favor of religious liberty for ,catholics1 which you know we do not propose as a party to interfere with2 and this you plead for at the altar of ,methodist ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers1 who know there is no religious liberty for ,protestants where ,catholics have the power to prevent it6 ,you plead in the most plaintive tones for the rights of foreign ,catholics to be sworn into good citizens in less than one year after they land here1 but do not seem to remember the ,american ,protestant wives and children1 who have to subsist on charity during our severe winters1 in consequence of their husbands and fathers being elbowed out of employment by the competition of foreign pauper laborers6 ,sir1 the ,american party1 if in power1 would put a stop to that proscription from office that has always characterized the party with which you act1 and which has made the present ,administration so very and so justly odious to the country4 ,proscription1 indeed6 ,was there ever such glaring and actual proscription for the sake of religious and political creeds committed as by the present ,administration8 ,the infamous ,sag ,nicht party with which you act1 and of which you are a leader and a ,high ,priest1 though the son of a now sainted father1 has applied the political guillotine to almost every man in office who has dared to differ with them in their high estimate of foreign paupers and ,catholic vagabonds1 in many instances turning out native-born ,protestants1 and filling their places with foreign ,catholics4 ,and yet1 with a degree of effrontery that throws the ,devil far into the shade1 you turn round and charge the ,american party with proscription1 and ask the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers1 of the ,methodist ,church1 by their hopes of heaven--by their obedience to the word of ,god--and by their allegiance to the ,constitution and laws of their country1 to come out from a party so proscriptive6 ,why1 sir1 you out-,herod old ,herod himself6 ,your teachings contrasted with your practice1 would cause a crimsoned negative to settle on the cheeks of old ,pilate6 ,and still you are the son of a now sainted father--you approve the creed of ,methodism1 and have witnessed its growth and prosperity for years1 with the highest satisfaction6 ,you quote from the ,declaration of ,independence1 to show that toleration should be extended to ,catholics and foreigners1 and then insultingly add1 as if you supposed no ,methodist minister had ever perused the writings of ,mr4 ,,jefferson3 ,these are the words of ,mr4 ,jefferson1 but the immortal sentiment springs directly from the word of the living and true ,god4 ,no3 persecution at the stake1 or by exclusion of ,catholics from office1 is not the weapon to be wielded by the ,protestant ,churches4 ,you know that the notes of warning given to his countrymen by the sage of ,monticello1 and the great ,,apostle of ,american ,democracy1 are in harmony with the doctrines of the ,know ,nothing party4 ,but you choose to conceal this fact from the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers of the ,methodist ,church1 in the vain hope that their numerous pressing and official engagements will not allow them time to look up the documents4 ,in ,mr4 ,jefferson's ,notes on ,virginia1 written in #agha1 and published in #agid1 pages #abd-e1 ,i find the following ,know ,nothing doctrine3 ,but are there no inconveniences to be thrown into the scale against the advantage expected from a multiplication of numbers by the importation of foreigners8 ,it is for the happiness of those united in society to harmonize1 as much as possible1 in matters which they must of necessity transact together4 ,civil government being the sole object of forming societies1 its administration must be conducted by common consent4 ,every species of government has specific principles4 ,ours1 perhaps1 are more peculiar than those of any other in the universe4 ,it is a composition of the freest principles of the ,english constitution1 with others derived from natural right and natural reason4 ,to these nothing can be more opposed than the maxims of absolute monarchs4 ,yet from such we are to expect the greatest number of immigrants4 ,they will bring with them the principles of the government they leave1 imbibed in early youth3 or1 if able to throw them off1 it will be in exchange for an unbounded licentiousness1 passing1 as is usual1 from one extreme to another4 ,it would be a miracle were they to stop precisely at the point of temperate liberty4 ,these principles1 with their language1 they will transmit to their children4 ,in proportion with their numbers1 they will share with us the legislation4 ,they will infuse into it their spirit1 warp and bias its directions1 and render it a heterogeneous1 incoherent1 distracted mass4 ,i may appeal to experience during the present contest for a verification of these conjectures4 ,but if they be not certain in event1 are they not possible8 are they not probable8 ,is it not safer to wait with patience twenty-seven years and three months longer for the attainment of every degree of population desired or expected8 ,may not our government be more homogeneous1 more peaceable1 more durable8 ,again1 ,mr4 ,,jefferson1 whilst our ,minister to the ,court of ,st4 ,cloud1 addressed a letter to ,,john ,,jay1 dated ,november #ad1 #aghh1 in which he uses this language3 ,with respect to the ,consular appointments1 it is a duty on me to add some observations1 which my situation here has enabled me to make4 ,i think it was in the spring of #aghd1 that ,congress 7harassed by multiplied applications from foreigners1 of whom nothing was known but on their information1 or on that of others as unknown as themselves7 came to the resolution that the interest of ,america would not permit the naming of any person1 not a citizen1 to the office of ,consul1 or ,agent1 or ,commissary4 ,native citizens1 on several valuable accounts1 are preferable to aliens1 or citizens alien-born4 ,native citizens possess our language1 know our laws1 customs and commerce1 have general acquaintance in the ,united ,states1 give better satisfaction1 and are more to be relied on in a point of fidelity4 ,to avail ourselves of our native citizens1 it appears to me advisable to declare1 by standing law1 that no person but a native citizen shall be capable of the office of ,consul4 ,this was the rule of #aghd1 restraining the office of ,consul to native citizens4 ,in #agig1 ,mr4 ,,jefferson drafted a petition to the ,legislature of ,virginia1 on behalf of the citizens of ,amherst1 ,albemarle1 ,fluvana1 and ,gouchland ,bounties1 in which he uses the following language3 ,your petitioners further submit to the two ,houses of ,assembly1 whether the safety of the citizens of this ,commonwealth1 in their persons1 their property1 their laws and government1 does not require that the capacity to act in the important office of ,juror1 ,grand or ,petty1 civil or criminal1 should not be restrained in future to native citizens1 or such as were citizens at the date of the ,treaty of ,peace which closed our revolutionary war2 and whether ignorance of our laws1 and natural partiality to the countries of their birth1 are not reasonable causes for declaring this to be one of their rights incommunicable in future to adopted citizens4--,jefferson's ,writings1 ,vol4 ,,ix41 page #dec4 ,now1 ,sir1 answer me in candor1 are you not ashamed of having quoted ,mr4 ,,jefferson1 and of having so basely misrepresented his position on this great ,american question8 ,did not ,mr4 ,,jefferson propose to carry his opposition to foreigners much farther than the ,american party now do8 ,but1 you vile old demagogue1 though son of a now sainted father1 ,i am determined you shall not escape the indignant powers of those ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers1 whom you have wickedly sought to deceive4 ,it is known to you1 and to the world1 in what veneration all ,american ,democrats hold the ,virginia ,resolutions of #agih and '#ii1 and the fame of ,mr4 ,,madison1 who was the ruling spirit of that session of the ,legislature4 ,that ,legislature passed the following ,resolution1 which you may find by consulting ,henning's ,statutes at ,large1 ,vol4 #b1 ,new ,series1 page #aid3 ,that the ,general ,assembly1 nevertheless1 concurring in opinion with the ,legislature of ,massachusetts that every ,constitutional barrier should be opposed to the introduction of foreign influence into our ,national ,councils1--,resolved1 ,that the ,constitution ought to be so amended that no foreigner1 who shall have acquired the right1 under our ,constitution and laws1 at the time of making the amendment1 shall hereafter be eligible to the office of ,senator or ,representative1 in ,congress of the ,united ,states1 nor to any office in the ,judiciary or ,executive4 ,agreed to by the ,senate1 ,jan4 #af1 #agii4 ,i shall next consider two extracts from your ,address1 under one general head1 relating to the temporal power of the ,pope4 ,you say3 ,but the genius of sophistry may fly to the rescue of ,know-,nothingism1 by pretending that it is not on account of his religion that the ,catholic is to be excluded from office1 but because he is subjected1 not merely to the spiritual but the temporal dominion or jurisdiction of the ,pope4 ,no error has been wider spread than this4 ,again3 ,a late distinguished ,senator from ,georgia1 7,mr4 ,berrien17 in a recent address to the public1 has copied a letter of ,mr4 ,wesley1 which may require a few observations4 ,that letter was dated in ,january1 #aghj4 ,all its conclusions were founded on the ,,assumed ,,and ,,popular ,,opinion of that day1 that the ,pope did claim a civil jurisdiction beyond his own dominions--that he could absolve the subjects of other governments from their oaths of allegiance1 and that there was a principle in one of the tenets of that ,church1 that ,catholics were justified in not keeping faith with heretics4 ,against these ,,assumed ,,and ,,popular ,,opinions1 the ,catholics of ,england in that day1 as they now do in this country1 were solemnly protesting4 ,this is a modest way of giving ,mr4 ,wesley the lie1 but it is nevertheless quite direct1 and is the more surprising1 as it comes from the son of a now sainted father1 who was a follower of ,wesley1 a co-laborer of that noble band of ,christian ministers he was instrumental in starting out into the world--aye1 the son of a father who1 for forty years1 ministered at the altars this same ,wesley erected6 ,in holding up ,john ,wesley as the vile calumniator of the ,catholic ,church in ,england1 it is well enough1 ,governor1 to be modest about it1 and cautious in the selection of your words1 as you are addressing a class of men who believe in ,john ,wesley1 as a faithful man of ,god1 and one incapable of misrepresenting the ,catholics of ,england1 the ,pope of ,rome1 or any other sect or individual6 ,john ,wesley ministered at the sacred altars of religion for more than sixty years2 he had with him the power of ,god1 and the witness that he pleased ,him2 and the last words he uttered1 with his hands clasped1 and his eyes raised toward heaven1 were these3 ,the best of all is1 ,god is with us6 ,and yet the sons and grandsons in the gospel1 of this venerated and sainted man of ,god1 are insulted in ,tennessee1 by being told by an impertinent old sinner1 and a vile old party hack1 that he was ,a ,,liar1 while living1 and the slanderer of the ,catholic ,church1 now that he is no more6 ,if ,mr4 ,wesley assumed falsehoods in reference to the ,romish ,church in ,england1 he either did it in ignorance1 or with a guilty knowledge of the fact4 ,he was a man of too much learning and information for his friends to get him out of such an indictment under a plea of ignorance4 ,he is therefore1 though dead1 ,a ,,wilful ,,liar1 according to ,ex-,gov4 ,a4 ,v4 ,brown1 for the ,governor goes on to argue the cause against him1 and1 on page #ai of his address1 quotes ,catholic authority to prove him a liar6 ,shame on the son of a now sainted father1 and on the holy seer of ,pisgah6 ,o6 ,aaron1 thou priest of corrupt ,democracy1 you need not endeavor to gull bishops1 elders1 and other ministers1 with your whining cant1 while you thus traduce their great spiritual head1 who1 under ,god1 taught them the lessons of salvation6 ,gov4 ,brown1 go with me1 as one of the admirers of ,john ,wesley1 to the humble dwellings of the miners of ,cornwall1 to the homely tents of the colliers of ,kingswood and ,newcastle1 and to the equally humble workshops of the manufacturers of ,yorkshire1 in ,england1 who are rejoicing in ,god their ,saviour that a ,wesley was ever born into the world1 and ask them if they believe him capable of slandering the ,catholics6 ,go with me among the backwoodsmen of ,north ,america1 and examine them in their lone tents--go among the honest and virtuous settlers on our ,western frontiers1 amid the interminable forests of the far off ,west1 whose thousands are brought into the fold of ,christ1 through the instrumentality of ,wesleyan ministers1 and ask them if they think the founder of their ,church was a wilful liar6 ,go with me to the rich pastures and luxuriant harvest-fields of your own native ,middle ,tennessee3 enter the neat cottages and stately mansions of that glorious division of our ,state1 and ask the intelligent and educated females1 who are rejoicing in ,god1 in hope of future and eternal life1 through the prayers and sermons of ,wesleyan ministers1 as instruments in the hands of ,god1 if they believe the founder of their ,church was a wicked calumniator6 ,go to the islands of the sea1 to the burning sands of ,africa1 and ask the benighted converts from heathenism1 through the instrumentality of ,wesleyan ministers1 if they believe the venerable founder of their ,church was a man of truth6 ,enter the dwellings of the rich and fashionable planters of the ,south--ride around their sugar and cotton plantations1 among the sable sons and daughters of ,africa1 and witness the blessed fruits of the pious life1 ,christian integrity1 and triumphant death of ,john ,wesley6 ,come over to ,east ,tennessee1 ,governor1 and enter the log-cabins of the virtuous1 happy peasantry of the hill country1 and ask them whether they believe ,mr4 ,wesley or your ,catholic authorities1 touching the temporal power of the ,pope of ,rome6 ,alas6 ,gov4 ,brown1 the ,reformation dawned with ,,luther in ,germany1 but the sun of its glory rose with ,methodism in ,england2 the first streaks of ,protestant light were seen on the horizon of the sixteenth century1 but the meridian sun of the ,reformation dawned in all his brightness on the ,wesleys and ,whitefield6 ,but ,america has been the land of the glory and triumph of the doctrines of the man you labor to convict of the awful sin of lying6 ,but you deny that the ,pope of ,rome1 in temporal matters1 claims what ,mr4 ,wesley attributed to him in the letter copied by ,senator ,berrien4 ,you also deny that the ,popes claim and have exercised the right to interfere with matters of government1 and the right to absolve their followers in other countries1 and under other governments1 from their allegiance to such rulers and governments4 ,i will proceed to vindicate ,mr4 ,wesley1 and1 by the proof1 saddle the lie on you6 ,whilst ,john was ,king of ,england1 he had the ,magna ,charta1 the great charter securing1 among other things1 the right of trial by jury1 wrung from him at the point of the bayonet4 ,this great charter was annulled by ,pope ,innocent4 ,here is the proof3 ,while the king was employed in the siege of ,rochester1 he received the pleasing intelligence1 that according to his request the charter had been annulled by the pontiff4 ,innocent1 enumerating the grounds of his judgment1 insists strongly on the violence employed by the barons4 ,if they really felt themselves aggrieved1 they ought1 he observes1 to have accepted the offer of redress by due course of law4 ,they had preferred1 however1 to break the oath of fealty1 which they had taken1 and had appointed themselves judges to sit upon their lord4 ,they knew1 moreover1 that ,john had enrolled himself among the crusaders2 and yet they had not scrupled to violate the privileges which all ,christian nations had granted to the champions of the cross4 ,lastly1 ,england was become the fief of the holy see2 and they could not be ignorant that if the king had the will1 he had not at least the power1 to give away the rights of the crown1 without the consent of his feudal superior4 ,he was therefore bound to annul the concessions which had been extorted from ,john1 as having been obtained in contempt of the holy see1 to the degradation of royalty1 the disgrace of the nation1 and to the impediment of the crusade4 ,at the same time he wrote to the barons1 re-stating his reasons1 exhorting them to submit1 requesting them to lay their claims before him in the council to be held at ,rome2 and promising that he would induce the king to consent to whatever might be deemed just or reasonable1 to take care that all grievances should be abolished1 that the crown should be content with its just rights1 and the clergy and people should enjoy their ancient liberties4--,lingard's ,history of ,england1 vol4 ii41 page #ga4 ,will it be said that this was not interfering with temporal matters8 ,will it be said that the right of trial by jury was a spiritual matter8 ,will it be said that the tyranny of ,king ,john1 and his oppressions1 of which the barons justly complained1 were spiritual matters8 ,no sensible advocate of ,romanism will say this6 ,the next instance of an interference by the ,pope in temporal affairs1 to which ,i shall call your attention1 ,governor1 is his excommunication of ,elizabeth1 ,queen of ,england4 ,she was immediately preceded on that throne by her sister ,mary1 who was a ,catholic4 ,for no other reason than that ,elizabeth was a ,protestant1 and would not submit her rights and kingdom to the control of the ,pope1 ,pius ,v4 thundered forth at her devoted head the following anathema1 from his throne at the ,vatican1 situated at the foot of one of the seven hills upon which ,rome is built3 ,,excommunication ,,and ,,deposition ,of ,,queen ,,elizabeth ,,of ,,england4 ,pius1 etc41 for a future memorial of the matter4 ,he that reigneth on high1 to whom is given all power in heaven and on earth1 committed one ,holy1 ,catholic and ,apostolic ,church1 out of which there is no salvation1 to one alone upon the earth1 ,peter the ,prince of the ,apostles1 and to ,peter's successor1 the ,bishop of ,rome1 to be governed in fulness of power4 ,him alone he made prince over all people1 and all kingdoms1 to pluck up1 destroy1 scatter1 consume1 plant and build1 etc4 ,but the number of the ungodly hath gotten such power1 that there is now no place left in the whole world which they have not essayed to corrupt with their most wicked doctrines4 ,amongst others1 ,elizabeth1 the pretended ,queen of ,england1 a slave of wickedness1 lending thereunto her helping hand1 with whom1 as in a sanctuary1 the most pernicious of all men have found a refuge2 this very woman having seized upon the kingdom1 and monstrously usurping the place of the supreme ,head of the ,church in all ,england1 and the chief authority and jurisdiction thereof1 hath again brought back the same kingdom to miserable destruction1 which was then newly reduced to the faith1 and to good order4 ,for having by strong hand inhibited the true religion1 which ,mary1 the lawful queen1 of famous memory1 had1 by the help of this ,see1 restored1 after it had been formerly overthrown by ,king ,henry ,,viii41 a revolter therefrom1 and following and embracing the errors of heretics1 she hath removed the royal council1 consisting of the ,english nobility1 and filled it with obscure men1 being heretics2 hath oppressed the embracers of the ,roman faith1 hath placed impious preachers1 ministers of iniquity1 and abolished the sacrifice of the mass1 prayers1 fastings1 distinction of meats1 a single life1 and the rites and ceremonies2 hath commanded books to be read in the whole realm1 containing manifest heresy1 etc4 ,she hath not only contemned the godly requests and admonitions of princes concerning her healing and conversion1 but also bath not so much as permitted the ,nuncios of the ,see to cross the seas into ,england1 etc4 ,we do1 therefore1 out of the fulness of our apostolic power1 declare the aforesaid ,elizabeth1 being heretic1 and a favorer of heretics1 and her adherents in the matter aforesaid1 to have incurred the sentence of anathema1 and to be cut off from the unity of the body of ,christ4 ,and1 moreover1 we do declare her to be deprived of her pretended title to the kingdom aforesaid1 and of all dominion1 dignity1 and privilege whatsoever2 and also the nobility1 subjects1 and people of the said kingdom1 and all others which have in any sort sworn unto her1 to be for ever absolved from any such oath1 and all manner of duty or dominion1 allegiance and obedience2 as we also do1 by the authority of these presents1 absolve them1 and do deprive the same ,elizabeth of her pretended title to the kingdom1 and all other things aforesaid4 ,and we do command and interdict all and every one of the noblemen1 subjects1 people1 and others aforesaid1 that they presume not to obey her1 or her admonitions1 mandates1 and laws2 and those who shall do the contrary1 we do innodate with the like sentence of ,,anathema4 ,given at ,st4 ,peter's at ,rome1 in the year #aefi1 and the fifth of our pontificate4--,dowling's ,history of ,romanism1 p4 #efd4 ,one more3 ,sixtus ,v4 thunders his bull of excommunication at this same ,queen of ,england--incites ,philip of ,catholic ,spain to make war against her country--and graciously gives the ,british ,isles to ,philip6 ,here is the bull of ,pope ,sixtus3 ,we1 ,sixtus the ,fifth1 the universal shepherd of the flock of ,christ1 the supreme chief1 to whom the government of the whole world appertains1 considering that the people of ,england and ,ireland1 after having been so long celebrated for their virtues1 their religion1 and their submission to our see1 have become putrid members1 infected1 and capable of corrupting the whole ,christian body1 and on account of their subjection to the impious1 tyrannical1 and sanguinary government of ,elizabeth1 the bastard queen1 and by the influence of her adherents1 who equal her in wickedness2 and who refuse1 like her1 to recognize the power of the ,roman ,church3 regarding that ,henry ,,viii4 formerly1 for motives of debauchery1 commenced all these disorders by revolting against the submission which he owed to the ,pope1 the sole and true sovereign of ,england2 considering that the usurper ,elizabeth has followed the path of this infamous king1 we declare that there exists but one mode of remedying these evils1 of restoring peace1 tranquillity1 and union to ,christendom1 of re-establishing religion1 and of leading back the people to obedience to us1 which is1 to depose from the throne that execrable ,elizabeth1 who falsely arrogates to herself the title of ,queen of the ,british ,isles4 ,being then inspired by the ,holy ,spirit for the general good of the ,church1 we renew1 by the virtue of our apostolic power1 the sentence pronounced by our predecessor1 ,pius the ,fifth and ,gregory the ,thirteenth1 against the modern ,jezebel3 we proclaim her deprived of her royal authority1 of the rights1 titles1 or pretensions to which she may lay claim over the kingdoms of ,ireland and ,england1 affirming that she possesses them unlawfully and by usurpation4 ,we relieve all her subjects from the oaths they may have taken to her1 and we prohibit them from rendering any kind of service to this execrable woman2 it is our will1 that she be driven from door to door like one possessed of a devil1 and that all human aid be refused her2 we declare1 moreover1 that foreigners or ,englishmen are permitted1 as a meritorious work1 to seize the person of ,elizabeth and surrender her1 living or dead1 to the tribunals of the inquisition4 ,we promise to those who shall accomplish this glorious mission1 infinite recompenses1 not only in the life eternal1 but even in this world4 ,finally1 we grant plenary indulgence to the faithful who shall willingly unite with the ,catholic army which is going to combat the impious ,elizabeth1 under the orders of our dear son ,philip the ,second1 to whom we give the ,british ,isles in full sovereignty1 as a recompense for the zeal he has always shown toward our see1 and for the particular affection he has shown for the ,catholics of the ,low ,country4--,de ,cormenin's ,history of the ,popes1 p4 #bfb4 ,here is what ,macaulay1 a reliable historian1 says of the baneful effects of ,romanism3 ,from the time when the barbarians overran the ,western ,empire to the time of the revival of letters1 the influence of the ,church of ,rome has been generally favorable to science1 to civilization1 and to good government4 ,but1 during the last three centuries1 to stunt the growth of the human mind has been her chief object4 ,throughout ,christendom1 whatever advance has been made in knowledge1 in freedom1 in wealth1 and in the arts of life1 has been made in spite of her1 and has everywhere been in inverse proportion to her power4 ,the loveliest and most fertile provinces of ,europe have1 under her rule1 been sunk into poverty1 in political servitude1 and in intellectual torpor1 while ,protestant countries1 once proverbial for sterility and barbarism1 have been turned1 by skill and industry1 into gardens1 and can boast of a long list of heroes and statesmen1 philosophers and poets4 ,whoever1 knowing what ,italy and ,scotland naturally are1 and what four hundred years ago they naturally were1 shall now compare the country round ,rome with the country round ,edinburgh1 will be able to form some judgment of the tendency of ,papal domination4 ,the descent of ,spain1 once the first among monarchies1 to the lowest depths of degradation1 the elevation of ,holland1 in spite of many natural disadvantages1 to a position such as no commonwealth so small has ever reached1 teach the same lesson4 ,whoever passes1 in ,germany1 from a ,roman ,catholic to a ,protestant principality1 in ,switzerland from a ,roman ,catholic to a ,protestant canton1 in ,ireland from a ,roman ,catholic to a ,protestant county1 finds that he has passed from a lower to a higher grade of civilization4 ,on the other side of the ,atlantic the same law prevails4 ,the ,protestants of the ,united ,states have left far behind the ,roman ,catholics of ,mexico1 ,peru1 and ,brazil4 ,the ,roman ,catholics of ,lower ,canada remain inert1 while the whole continent round them is in a ferment with ,protestant activity and enterprise4--,macaulay's ,history of ,england1 vol4 i41 p4 #cg4 ,i must be permitted to add1 just here1 that in #ahdh1 when the people of ,france expelled ,louis ,philippe from the throne in ,paris1 and established a ,republic1 the present old drunken1 goutified debauchee1 ,pope ,pius ,,ix41 hurled at the ,french nation a fearful bull of excommunication1 and denied them the right of revolution6 ,was this interfering in temporal matters8 ,but no longer ago than the year #ahed1 this same old vagabond1 ,pope ,pius1 issued orders absolving his followers from all allegiance to the ,sardinian ,government1 because that government chose to abolish the infamous monasteries1 which had been so long supported at the expense of an oppressed people6 ,was this not interfering in temporal matters8 ,i could multiply authorities1 ,governor1 to an indefinite extent1 sustaining ,mr4 ,wesley's views1 and falsifying all you say1 but this would swell my reply beyond what ,i intended in the outset4 ,let me call your attention to ,brownson's ,review1 for ,july1 #ahec1 where you will find all this power1 and even more1 claimed for the ,pope1 over temporal sovereigns and their subjects1 the world over6 ,this ,review is the acknowledged organ of ,archbishop ,hughes1 the head and front of the ,catholic ,church in ,north ,america4 ,you state that our ,declaration of ,independence absolved from every possible obligation to the ,pope in temporal matters4 ,your language is3 ,the moment it was read and proclaimed from old ,independence ,hall in ,philadelphia1 obedience in temporal matters1 if it ever existed1 ceased for ever1 as to every native-born son in ,america4 ,you further add that the ,constitution of the ,united ,states set aside all temporal power of the ,pope in this country1 and that if any doubts remain1 the finishing touch is given by the following oath of naturalization1 taken by our naturalized citizens3 ,i do solemnly swear that ,i will support the ,constitution of the ,united ,states1 and that ,i do absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince1 potentate1 or state1 or sovereignty whatever4 ,sir1 do you suppose that the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers1 whom you have the impudence to address1 are all fools8 ,do you suppose they are men of no reading or information8 ,if they know any thing1 they certainly know that the oath of naturalization they1 the ,catholics1 take1 weighs no more with them than a feather4 ,a ,catholic can evade the force of any oath1 by a mental reservation4 ,here is what ,sanchez says1 the very highest ,catholic authority1 whose teaching1 including this interpretation of oaths1 has been endorsed by the ,council of ,trent3 ,it is lawful to use ambiguous terms to give the impression a different sense from that which you understand yourself4 ,a person may take an oath that he has not done such a thing1 though in fact he has1 by saying to himself it was not done on a certain day1 or before he was born1 or by concealing any other similar circumstances2 which gives another meaning to it4 ,this is extremely convenient1 and always very just1 when necessary to your health1 honor1 or prosperity4 ,in addition to this1 let me tell you1 if you never before knew the fact1 that ,judge ,gaston1 a distinguished ,jurist1 and a gentleman of excellent character1 though a rigid ,roman ,catholic1 of ,north ,carolina1 was appointed to a seat upon the ,supreme ,bench of that ,state4 ,the ,constitution of that ,state1 unlike those of almost all other ,states1 requires every ,judge to take an oath1 among other things1 that ,,he ,,believes ,,in ,,the ,,truth ,,of ,,the ,,protestant ,,religion4 ,mr4 ,gaston asked time to think over the matter--he repaired to the ,archbishop at ,baltimore1 doubtless obtained a dispensation--wrote back to ,raleigh from there1 that he would take the oath--returned1 and in due time solemnly swore that he believed in the truth of the ,protestant ,religion4 ,he died in ,raleigh1 one of the ,judges of the ,supreme ,court--but lived and died a ,roman ,catholic6 ,during the past month1 in this city1 ,w4 ,g4 ,mc,adoo1 the ,attorney ,general for this ,judicial ,circuit1 had some ,irish ,catholics brought before the ,grand ,jury1 to testify in cases of unlawful gaming and the retailing of ardent spirits4 ,the ,clerk swore them on a common ,english ,testament1 and they returned to the ,jury room1 and testified that they knew of no cases6 ,the ,attorney for the ,commonwealth then procured the ,catholic ,douay ,bible1 with a large ,cross upon its outside1 swore them upon this--sent them in1 and they disgorged1 telling of various cases1 and enabling the ,jury to find bills against even some of their own folks6 ,an oath1 then1 is nothing with strict ,roman ,catholics1 who believe their ,priests can absolve them from the obligations of any and all oaths4 ,for notwithstanding your denial of the fact1 it is notoriously true1 that the members of the ,catholic ,church believe their ,priesthood to exercise1 by ,divine right1 the power to fix and determine their eternal destiny4 ,nay1 every ,roman ,catholic in the known world is under the absolute control of the ,catholic ,priesthood1 by considerations not only of a temporal1 but an eternal weight4 ,this is what gives their ,priesthood such power and influence in elections2 an influence they are using in every ,state1 against the ,american party4 ,and it is this faculty of concentration1 this political influence1 this power of the ,priesthood to control the ,catholic community1 and cause a vast multitude of ignorant foreigners to vote as a unit1 and thus control the will of the ,american people1 that has engendered this opposition to the ,catholic ,church4 ,it is this aggressive policy and corrupting tendency of the ,romish ,church2 this organized and concentrated political power of a distinct class of men2 foreign by birth2 inferior in intelligence and virtue to the ,american people1 and not their religion and form of worship1 objectionable as these are known to be1 which have called forth the opposition of the ,american party to the ,catholic ,church4 ,but1 sir1 you occupy several pages in copying and commenting upon the several oaths administered to the members of the ,american party--oaths which1 as you tell us1 are revolting in their character1 and lead to the indiscriminate proscription of all foreigners4 ,i meet all your conjectures and wild speculations in reference to these several oaths and obligations1 by saying1 just here1 that ,i have taken them all1 and that they express my sentiments and feelings to the very letter2 and ,i am willing1 for the remainder of my days1 to go before an acting ,justice of the ,peace1 for the county of ,knox1 and have all three of these oaths administered every ,monday morning1 upon the ,holy ,bible and ,cross4 ,you have failed1 in your zeal to advocate ,romanism and oppose the ,american party1 to tell the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers1 whom you address1 that we resort to our oaths and obligations to combat successfully the most powerful oath-bound organization the world ever knew4 ,the oath of every ,roman ,catholic ,bishop and ,archbishop binds him to absolute and unquestioned obedience1 not only to the present ,pope but to his successors1 canonically coming in1 and to oppose and persecute all who do not submit to his authority6 ,the oath of every ,priest binds him to the ,church of ,rome as the chief head and matron above all pretended ,churches throughout the whole earth1 and to further her interests more than his own earthly good4 ,the oath of the ,jesuit binds him to the ,pope1 as ,christ's ,vicar-,general1 by all the saints and hosts of heaven1 and to denounce and disown any allegiance as due to ,protestants1 or obedience to any of their inferior magistrates or officers4 ,the oath of the ,san ,fedisti1 a secret ,order established by the ,papal government in #ahba1 binds them to sustain the ,papal altar and throne1 and to exterminate heretics1 without pity for the cries of children1 or of men and women4 ,the oath of the ,irish ,ribbon ,men1 an ,order established by the ,papal government1 and introduced into this country by ,bedini1 the ,pope's ,nuncio1 but a few years ago1 binds him to extirpate all heretics1 and all the ,protestants1 and to walk in their blood to the knees4 ,is it not time to take the alarm1 ,governor1 and to combine to resist all these secret oath-bound associations1 which now threaten us with the loss of all that freemen and ,protestant ,christians hold dear on earth8 ,it is a matter of utter astonishment to find a great political party in this country1 most of whom are native-born ,protestants1 taking sides with a foreign ,church1 whose designs against this country1 according to the avowals of the ,duke of ,richmond1 lately ,governor-,general of ,canada1 are of the most wicked and fearful character6 ,speaking of this government1 the ,duke said in a public address1 on our northern border3 ,it will be destroyed3 it ought not1 and will not be permitted to exist4 ,the curse of the ,french revolution1 and subsequent wars and commotions in ,europe1 are to be attributed to its example2 and so long as it exists1 no prince will be safe upon his throne2 and the sovereigns of ,europe are aware of it1 and they have determined upon its destruction1 and have come to an understanding upon this subject1 and have decided on the means to accomplish it2 and they will eventually succeed1 by ,,subversion rather than conquest4 ,all the low and surplus population of the different nations of ,europe will be carried into that country4 ,it is and will be a receptacle for the bad and disaffected population of ,europe1 when they are not wanted for soldiers1 or to supply the navies2 and the governments of ,europe will favor such a course4 ,this will create a surplus and majority of low population1 who are so very easily excited2 and they will bring with them their principles1 and in nine cases out of ten adhere to their ancient and former governments1 laws1 manners1 customs1 and religion1 and will transmit them to their posterity2 and in many cases propagate them among the natives4 ,these men will become citizens1 and by the ,constitution and laws will be invested with the right of suffrage4 ,hence1 discord1 dissension1 anarchy1 and civil war will ensue2 and some popular individual will assume the government1 and restore order1 and the sovereigns of ,europe1 the emigrants1 and many of the natives1 will sustain him4 ,the ,church of ,rome has a design upon that country2 and it will in time be the established religion1 and will aid in the destruction of that ,republic4 ,i have conversed with many of the sovereigns and princes of ,europe2 and they have unanimously expressed these opinions relative to the government of the ,united ,states1 and their determination to subvert it4 ,the monarchs of ,europe1 says the ,duke of ,richmond1 will aid in sending us a surplus of low1 excitable1 bad1 and disaffected men1 who will bring with them their principles1 and will adhere to their foreign notions of government1 laws1 manners1 customs1 and religion--and that religion ,catholic2 and yet you1 the son of a now sainted father1 of ,protestant raising1 have the brazen effrontery to call upon the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers of an ,american ,protestant ,church to aid you1 your corrupt party1 and the monarchs of ,europe1 in destroying both our government and ,church6 ,sir1 it is passing strange that ,protestant ,christians and their children should be found side by side with you1 ,bishop ,hughes1 ,gov4 ,johnson1 and the thousands of bad men who are seeking to build up a ,roman ,hierarchy in this free country of ours6 ,what do you promise the country and yourselves1 if ,romanism proves successful in this contest8 ,the history of the past informs us that ,rome has slain #a1jjj1jjj of ,albigenses and ,waldenses2 #a1ejj1jjj ,jews1 in ,spain2 #c1jjj1jjj ,moors1 in ,spain4 ,france will never forget ,st4 ,bartholomew's ,night1 when #ajj1jjj souls perished in ,paris alone6 ,the blood of ,protestants has fertilized the soil of ,england1 ,germany1 and ,ireland4 ,i mean by this1 that enough of ,protestant blood has been shed to enrich all the poor lands of ,england1 ,germany1 and ,ireland1 if it were properly distributed4 ,in all1 the authentic records of the ,romish ,church show1 7and of this she makes her boast17 that she has put to death ,,sixty-,,eight ,,millions of human beings1 for no other offence than that of being ,protestants in their religious faith6 ,average each person slain at four gallons of blood1 and medical writers say a healthy person yields more1 and it makes ,,two ,,hundred ,,and ,,seventy-,,two ,,millions ,,of ,,gallons6--enough to overflow the banks of the ,mississippi1 and destroy all the cotton and sugar plantations in ,mississippi and ,louisiana6 ,but you argue1 in your blasphemous publication1 that this is no longer a characteristic of the ,romish ,hierarchy4 ,why is it not8 ,has she ever changed for the better8 ,when did she ever renounce these doctrines and practices8 ,never1 no1 never6 ,hers is the same tyrannical system now--where she has the power--that it always has been1 and always must be1 in the very nature of things6 ,it is her boast1 and the boast of her standard authors1 that she is always right1 and knows no change6 ,and wo to this land of ours1 if ever ,rome gets the ascendancy here6 ,her whole system is adverse to our ,republican institutions1 and she hesitates not to declare it6 ,brownson says in his ,review3 ,let us dare to assert the truth in the face of the lying world1 and1 instead of pleading for our ,church at the bar of the ,state1 summon the ,state itself to plead at the bar of the ,church1 its divinely constituted judge4 ,no wonder1 sir1 that the ,american people are aroused6 ,such bold and startling avowals are calculated to arouse and unite the somewhat divided bands of ,protestant ,christians2 to wake up a host of ,luthers1 ,calvins1 ,cranmers1 and ,wesleys2 to bind together the heretics condemned in a mass4 ,the very latest thing ,i have seen is the ,pastoral ,letter of the ,bishops of the ,province of ,st4 ,louis1 just issued4 ,that document explicitly says3 ,we maintain the superiority of the spiritual over the temporal order4 ,we maintain that the temporal ruler is bound to conform his enactments to the ,divine law4 ,we maintain that the ,church is the supreme judge of all questions concerning faith and morals2 and that in the determination of such question1 the ,roman ,pontiff1 ,vicar of ,jesus ,christ1 constitutes a tribunal from which there is no appeal2 and to whose award all the children of the ,church must yield obedience4 ,now1 sir1 after this authoritative and official announcement1 ,i don't want to see any more of your wire-drawn distinctions between spiritual and temporal allegiance to the ,pope4 ,these ,bishops say that both are alike binding4 ,nor do ,i want to see any more of your malignant efforts to fix the lie upon ,mr4 ,wesley1 for affirming in ,europe1 during the past century1 what the ,bishops of the ,united ,states have announced1 in a ,pastoral ,address1 in the present day6 ,pope ,pius ,,ix4 has1 by a special act1 made the ,virgin ,mary the special patron of these ,united ,states2 but the ,protestants of this country have also made a decree1 and that decree is1 that ,jesus ,christ1 and not the ,virgin ,mary1 shall be the patron of these ,united ,states4 ,and ,i am happy to have it in my power to inform you1 notwithstanding the influence of your ,address1 that the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers of the ,methodist ,church1 both ,north and ,south1 are ready to make a common1 determined1 prayerful effort to save our native land from the threatened slavery of submission to the decisions of the ,council of ,trent1 and the equally corrupt conventions of ,progressive ,democracy6 ,assuming what is notoriously false--that the ,know ,nothings are in favor of all measures fatal to the ,south1 and destructive to the ,constitution--you ask on page #be of your infinitely infernal ,address3 ,what if a proposition be pending to repeal the ,fugitive ,slave ,law--the ,kansas and ,nebraska law--the rejection of a ,state asking admission into the ,union1 because its constitution may tolerate slavery8 ,you know1 sir1 that the #abth ,plank in the ,philadelphia ,platform of the ,american party is a safer guaranty upon this slavery question1 and the perpetuity of existing laws1 than is to be found anywhere in the creeds of political parties4 ,here it is in full3 ,the ,american party having arisen upon the ruins1 and in spite of the opposition of the ,whig and ,democratic parties1 can not be held in any manner responsible for the obnoxious acts or violated pledges of either2 and the systematic agitation of the slavery question by those parties having elevated sectional hostility into a positive element of political power1 and brought our institutions into peril1 it has therefore become the imperative duty of the ,american party to interpose1 for the purpose of giving peace to the country1 and perpetuity to the ,union4 ,and as experience has shown it impossible to reconcile opinions so extreme as those which separate the disputants1 and as there can be no dishonor in submitting to the laws1 the ,national ,council has deemed it the best guaranty of common justice and of future peace1 to abide by and maintain the existing laws upon the subject of slavery1 as a final and conclusive settlement of that subject in spirit and in substance4 ,and regarding it the highest duty to avow their opinions upon a subject so important1 in distinct and unequivocal terms1 it is hereby declared as the sense of this ,national ,council1 that ,congress possesses no power1 under the ,constitution1 to legislate upon the subject of slavery in the ,states where it does or may exist1 or to exclude any ,state from admission into the ,union1 because its ,constitution does or does not recognize the institution of slavery as a part of its social system2 and expressly pretermitting any expression of opinion upon the power of ,congress to establish or prohibit slavery in any ,territory1 it is the sense of the ,national ,council that ,congress ought not to legislate upon the subject of slavery within the ,territories of the ,united ,states1 and that any interference by ,congress with slavery as it exists in the ,district of ,columbia1 would be a violation of the spirit and intention of the compact by which the ,state of ,maryland ceded the ,district to the ,united ,states1 and a breach of the national faith4 ,in the wild hunt for territory by the progressive ,democracy1 and their efforts to settle our ,western lands with foreigners who are to a man ,free ,soilers and ,abolitionists1 the ,south has more to fear than from all other considerations4 ,what is ,gov4 ,johnson's iniquitous ,homestead ,bill1 but a bid for foreigners8 ,he proposes to give to the heads of families one hundred and sixty acres of land1 thus hiring all the convicts and paupers of ,europe to come and settle in our ,western ,states and ,territories6 ,sir1 but let your progressive1 sublimated1 double-distilled1 converging-lines1 ,johnsonian ,democracy bring into this ,union one million of ,spanish ,papists--black1 brown1 sorrel1 and tawny--under the guise of acquiring ,cuba for the ,south3 let them bring eight hundred thousand ,french and ,english ,papists1 under the name of acquiring ,canada for the ,north3 let them bring two millions of ,mexican ,papists--brown1 tawny1 red and black1 being a mixture of all colors and all nations--under the specious pretence of extending the area of freedom--let all this be done--and your party1 made up of native traitors1 and foreign vagabonds1 and ,catholic paupers1 are aiming at it--let it be done1 ,i say1 and farewell to liberty1 and all that is sacred in this country6 ,with five millions of ,papists in our midst--four millions and a half being of foreign birth1 and four millions speaking a foreign language--all taught from infancy to hate and detest ,protestantism as a crime--an ,american party would become an absolute political necessity4 ,well do the ,free ,soil papers comprehend this matter4 ,hear the infamous but influential ,chicago ,tribune1 one of your ,douglass organs--one of your foreign ,catholic organs4 ,i quote from the paper itself3 ,it is now a well-attested fact1 that ,atchison is a member of the ,superior ,order of the ,spangled ,banner1 or ,know ,nothings1 and that his infernal villainy in ,kansas has been carried on under the protection and patronage of the lodges in ,western ,missouri4 ,this is a matter that all men in the ,north should understand1 that ,northern voters may be exceedingly cautious how they give countenance or support to an ,order that1 in any of its phases or localities1 is capable of producing such results4 ,it is further said1 that the members of that ,kansas ,legislature1 now outraging all sense of right and justice by their devilish enactments1 are the chosen men of the affiliated ,know ,nothings in ,missouri and ,kansas1 who back then up in whatever thing they do4 ,atchison and his gang are the friends of the ,order1 and through it and ,southern ,know ,nothing support they are sure that their efforts to establish a despotism in the ,territory1 if necessary1 at the point of the bayonet1 will be successful4 ,these facts account for many things heretofore inexplicable1 and they develop the true reason of the hostility of the border-ruffians to the foreign immigration that would1 under other circumstances1 people that vast and fertile country west of the ,missouri4 ,thus it appears that a host of lousy foreigners1 fresh from the emigrant ships1 in which they are brought over to this country as ballast--having the right to vote conferred upon them by an infamous progressive ,democratic feature in the ,kansas ,bill1 were expected to get the control of affairs in ,kansas4 ,it further appears1 however1 that ,senator ,atchison and his pro-slavery associates supposed that1 though fresh from their farms1 and crossing the line of their ,state into the new ,territory1 they too had the right to vote without being naturalized in ,kansas4 ,hence1 in the estimation of this ,sag ,nicht organ at ,chicago1 a great outrage is committed upon ,germany1 ,ireland1 and ,italy6 ,sir1 you need not lay the flattering unction to your soul1 that you can drive the clergy generally from the noble stand they have taken upon this great question4 ,nor need you suppose1 for one moment1 that the ,american party are conquered1 though defeated in several ,states in the recent elections4 ,the party will remain true to its ends4 ,though it fail to command office1 it cannot fail to exercise large power4 ,office is not always strength2 but sometimes1 nay1 frequently1 as in the case of the present ,administration1 weakness1 as time will prove6 ,the aim of the ,american party is1 by fair party means1 to correct a great social evil and political wrong2 and if they cannot do that1 to mitigate the evil and the wrong2 if they cannot do that1 to prevent its further increase2 and if neither can be done1 why1 then ,i confess to you1 the party will have failed4 ,but1 sir1 if such a failure take place1 rest assured that the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers of the ,methodist ,church1 ,south1 will not help to bring about such a failure6 ,we can afford to let such minions of party as you are1 rave and rant1 and publish their expositions1 and issue their warnings to ,churches3 they will all serve to swell our ranks4 ,all true ,american hearts1 not chained to the car of party1 or bound down by the cords of plunder1 think alike upon the great questions that have called the ,american party into existence4 ,little do we regard the slanders of the pensioners of party4 ,let their speeches and publications teem with wholesale slanders of our creed3 the political jockeyism of these thimble-riggers1 as in your own case1 is too apparent6 ,from ,maine to the shores of the ,pacific the country is convulsed with intense excitement upon this subject4 ,shall ,americans govern themselves1 or shall ,foreigners1 unacquainted with our laws1 and brought up under monarchical governments1 rule8 ,shall those who are temporally and spiritually subject to a foreign prince be our legislators1 post-masters1 foreign ministers1 and military leaders1 and change our laws as they are directed by the ,pope of ,rome8 ,such results the ,american party have set out to prevent4 ,the present excitement will not cease2 true ,americans and ,protestants will labor and pray until our distracted country shall be redeemed from the influence of civil and ecclesiastical tyranny4 ,now1 ,governor1 ,i have noticed all your charges1 arguments1 and appeals1 but one1 and that is the allegation that ,methodist clerical ,know ,nothings are conspirators4 ,your argument is--and ,i wish to represent you correctly--,the offence of conspiracy is not confined to the prejudicing of a particular individual2 it may be to injure public trade1 to affect public health1 or to violate public policy4 ,you cite ,blackstone's ,commentary1 and other ,english ,law ,books1 to satisfy the ,clergy as to the law of conspiracy4 ,this done1 you overwhelm them with this sage and logical conclusion3 ,the gist of the offence of conspiracy consists in a confederacy to do an unlawful act1 and the offence is complete when the confederacy is made4 ,i will concede1 for the sake of the argument1 that this is sound law1 and that yours is a logical deduction4 ,nay1 ,i will concede more--,i grant that it is an unlawful act for native ,americans1 and ,protestant ,christians1 whether ministers or laymen1 to resolve1 or swear1 as we ,know ,nothings have all done1 that we will not vote for ,catholics and ,foreigners for public offices6 ,i take the ground you do1 that a man's vote is not his own1 and that it is only to be disposed of by the leaders of the party with which he may act6 ,and now1 if you and ,i1 both great men1 and ,doctors of ,law1 are correct in laying down the law1 and the privilege of voters in this free country1 what an infamous body of conspirators the ,democrats are1 and have always been6 ,for a quarter of a century1 they have conspired to keep the ,whigs out of office--have succeeded in doing so most of that time--and have kept thousands of them who are poor from becoming rich6 ,more recently1 they have conspired with ,abolitionists1 ,free ,soilers1 ,fourierites1 ,spiritualists1 ,roman ,catholics1 ,irish1 ,french1 and ,german paupers1 and all manner of ,european convicts1 to keep the ,american party out of office1 and have succeeded in ,virginia1 ,north ,carolina1 ,georgia1 ,alabama1 ,pennsylvania1 ,ohio1 ,illinois1 ,texas1 and other ,states--thereby depriving the ,americans of lots of money and honors1 both of which they need1 and both of which are their birthrights6 ,the ,bishops1 ,elders1 and other ,ministers1 whom you address1 in opposition to the great sin of conspiracy1 would more cheerfully unite with you to enforce law and order1 and to prosecute offenders1 but for the fact that the ,abolition wing of your party once conspired against them1 to deprive their wives1 children1 widows1 and orphans1 of their lawful portion of the great ,book ,concern in ,new ,york1 and they were compelled to punish the conspirators1 at great expense1 however1 in the ,district and ,supreme ,courts of the ,united ,states6 ,but1 ,sir1 upon the subject of oaths1 you are eloquent1 apt in your quotations of ,scripture1 and evince great learning in the legal profession6 ,you charge that ,know ,nothingism is both unchristian and unlawful1 because of its oaths1 which have no ,scripture warrant for their administration6 ,one of your quotations from the ,bible is this3 ,swear not at all3 neither by heaven1 for it is ,god's throne3 nor by the earth1 for it is his footstool4 ,your mind has undergone a great change upon the subject of oaths and hard swearing1 since the #bast of ,june1 #ahde1 when you delivered your celebrated ,mount ,pisgah speech at ,athens4 ,you then advised the people of the ,state to administer horrible oaths1 and to swear by the heavens1 aye1 ,god's throne4 ,but then you were a ,know ,nothing4 ,here is what you say in your revised copy of that memorable speech3 ,go up with me in imagination and stand for awhile on some lofty summit of the ,rocky ,mountains4 ,let us take one ravishing view of this broad land of liberty4 ,turn your face toward the ,gulf of ,mexico3 what do you behold8 ,instead of one lone star faintly shining in the far distant south1 a whole galaxy of stars of the first magnitude are bursting on your vision and shining with a bright and glorious effulgence4 ,now turn with me to the west--the mighty west--where the setting sun dips her disk in the western ocean4 ,look away down through the misty distance to the shores of the ,pacific1 with all its bays1 and harbors1 and rivers4 ,cast your eyes as far as the ,russian ,possessions1 in latitude fifty-four degrees and forty minutes4 ,what a new world lies before you6 ,how many magnificent ,states to be the future homes of the sons and daughters of freedom6 ,but you have not gazed on half this glorious country4 ,turn now your face to the east1 where the morning sun first shines on this land of liberty4 ,away yonder1 you see the immortal old thirteen1 who achieved our independence2 nearer to us lie the twelve or fifteen ,states of the great valley of the ,mississippi1 stretching and reposing like so many giants in their slumbers4 ,o6 now ,i see your heart is full--it can take in no more4 ,who now feels like he was a party man1 or a southern man1 or a northern man8 ,who does not feel that he is an ,american1 and thankful to ,heaven that his lot was cast in such a goodly land8 ,when did mental vision ever rest on such a scene8 ,moses1 when standing on the top of ,mount ,pisgah1 looking over on the promised land1 gazed not on a scene half so lovely4 ,o6 let us this day vow that whatever else we may do1 by whatever name we may be called1 we will never surrender one square acre of this goodly heritage to the ,,dictation of any king or potentate on earth4 ,,swear ,,it6 ,,swear ,,it6 my countrymen1 and let ,,heaven ,,record ,,the ,,vow ,,for ,,ever6 ,in conclusion1 ,governor1 suffer a few words of advice1 and ,i will bring this letter1 already too long1 to a close4 ,you are advanced in years1 nay1 you have grown gray in the service of sin1 and political intrigues2 and at most you have not long to live4 ,cease your political aspirations1 and turn your attention to future and eternal things6 ,you have been a member of our ,state ,legislature2 subsequently1 a member of ,congress2 and more recently the ,governor of our ,state2 honors and stations1 to say the least of it1 equal to your merits and talents6 ,as a true son of a now sainted father1 from whom you have been separated for many years1 so demean yourself in future1 that you may not be separated1 world without end6 ,humble yourself before ,god2 confess your numerous sins2 and instead of lecturing ,god's ministers upon the subject of party politics1 ask them1 with tears in your eyes1 to pray for you6 ,exercise a living faith in ,christ1 who came down from heaven1 and made upon the cross a full1 perfect1 and sufficient sacrifice1 oblation1 and satisfaction1 for the sins of the whole world4 ,thus obtaining forgiveness1 cease your ,sunday discussions on political subjects2 attend at the house of ,god1 and set an example to other ungodly ,sag ,nichts1 and lead a new and different life6 ,very respectfully1 your obedient servant1 ,w4 ,g4 ,,brownlow1 ,a ,local ,methodist ,minister4 ,,governor ,,johnson ,,and ,,editor ,,eastman4 ,on the #ith of ,october1 #ahee1 and while the ,legislature was in session at ,nashville1 we delivered a speech to an immense crowd on the ,public ,square2 which1 after certain preliminary remarks1 we will give to the public1 just as it was spoken4 ,the reason why the call was made on us to deliver the speech was1 that we had1 the previous weeks1 delivered the same1 in substance1 at ,shelbyville and ,clarksville1 and the ,american party at ,nashville hearing of it1 and approving what was said1 desired us to repeat it2 and1 to be candid1 we desired to repeat it there and then6 ,mr4 ,wise1 of ,virginia1 gained great notoriety1 in the spring of #ahee1 by his abuse and blackguardism1 heaped upon the ,american party4 ,he was successful2 and ,johnson1 of ,tennessee1 whose ambition was to gain a more infamous notoriety1 profiting by the example of ,wise1 plunged into the lowest depths of ,billingsgate1 and piled his vulgar epithets upon the party indiscriminately4 ,wise1 then1 like all inventors and originators1 has had numerous imitators1 and among the most successful of these are ,johnson1 of ,tennessee2 ,stephens1 of ,georgia2 and ,clingman1 of ,north ,carolina4 ,but as an adept in low ,billingsgate slang1 coarse blackguardism1 and as a slanderer and maligner of better men than himself1 ,johnson has excelled his patron1 ,wise1 and left far in the shades of the distant caverns of abuse1 both ,stephens and ,clingman6 ,to prepare the public mind for the degree of severity we used in reference to the ,governor of the ,state1 we will introduce as many as five different extracts from his speeches1 in his late canvass for ,governor1 at ,murfreesboro' and ,manchester2 as reported by his partisan organ1 the ,nashville ,union1 and his pliant tool1 its ,abolition editor1 ,e4 ,g4 ,eastman3 ,,the ,,devil1 ,,his ,,satanic ,,majesty1 ,,the ,,prince ,,of ,,darkness1 ,,who ,,presides ,,over ,,the ,,secret ,,conclave ,,held ,,in ,,pandemonium1 ,,makes ,,war ,,upon ,,all ,,branches ,,of ,,christ',s ,,church4 ,,the ,,know ,,nothings ,,advocate ,,and ,,defend ,,none1 ,,but ,,make ,,war ,,upon ,,one ,,of ,,the ,,churches1 ,,and ,,thus ,,far ,,become ,,the ,,allies ,,of ,,the ,,prince ,,of ,,darkness4--,speech of ,,andrew ,,johnson1 at ,murfreesboro'4 ,a ,,denomination ,,like ,,this1 ,,to ,,set ,,up ,,as ,,the ,,guardians ,,of ,,the ,,religion ,,and ,,morals ,,of ,,the ,,country6 ,a ,,denomination ,,bound ,,together ,,by ,,secret ,,and ,,terrible ,,oaths3 ,,the ,,first ,,of ,,which1 ,,on ,,the ,,very ,,initiation1 ,,fixes ,,and ,,requires ,,them ,,to ,,carry ,a ,,lie ,,in ,,their ,,mouths4--,speech of ,,andrew ,,johnson1 at ,murfreesboro'4 ,,show ,,me ,,the ,,dimensions ,,of ,a ,,know ,,nothing1 ,,and ,i ,,will ,,show ,,you ,a ,,huge ,,reptile1 ,,upon ,,whose ,,neck ,,the ,,foot ,,of ,,every ,,honest ,,man ,,ought ,,to ,,be ,,placed4--,speech of ,,andrew ,,johnson1 at ,manchester4 ,,they ,,are ,,like ,,the ,,hyena1 ,,and ,,come ,,from ,,their ,,lair ,,after ,,midnight ,,to ,,prey ,,upon ,,human ,,carcasses4--,speech of ,,andrew ,,johnson1 at ,manchester4 ,i ,,would ,,as ,,soon ,,be ,,found ,,in ,,the ,,clan ,,of ,,john ,a4 ,,murrell ,,as ,,in ,a ,,know ,,nothing ,,council4--,speech of ,,andrew ,,johnson1 at ,manchester4 ,the blackguard and calumniator using this language1 was elected by a majority of two thousand votes3 that majority being cast by ,foreigners and illegal voters2 and consequently1 his competitor1 ,,col4 ,,gentry--than whom there is not a more talented1 patriotic1 and honorable gentleman in ,tennessee--was fairly and justly elected4 ,this1 then1 is the language used by the ,governor of ,tennessee1 towards a majority of the legal voters of the ,state6 ,under these circumstances1 we made the speech that follows1 to an immense crowd on the ,square3 the correspondence preceding which1 will explain itself3 ,,nashville1 ,oct4 #ajth1 #ahee4 ,w4 ,g4 ,,brownlow1 ,,esq43 ,dear ,sir3--,the undersigned1 having heard your speech on the ,square1 last night1 respectfully request that you embody the substance of the same1 and publish it in the ,knoxville ,whig4 ,the desire to see it in print is very general2 and those who heard it approved its severity1 without it were such as were bitter against the ,american party4 ,your friends1 ,,charles ,g4 ,,smith1 ,,john ,,morrison1 ,f4 ,m4 ,,burton1 ,,robt4 ,s4 ,,northcutt1 ,,saml4 ,,davis4 ,,nashville1 ,oct4 #acth1 #ahee4 ,,messrs4 ,,smith1 ,,morrison1 ,,and ,,others3 ,gentlemen3--,your note requesting me to publish the substance of my remarks on the ,square1 last ,tuesday night1 has been received1 and ,i would have replied sooner1 but for my absence at ,shelbyville4 ,i have now made the same speech at ,clarksville1 ,nashville1 and ,shelbyville2 and my only regrets are1 that my engagements prevent me from delivering the same speech at every point in this ,state1 where ,gov4 ,johnson held me up as the ,high ,priest of the ,order1 and argued therefrom the want of respectability for the ,order4 ,in addition to your request1 ,i have had verbal applications from many gentlemen to publish my remarks--gentlemen who have been mild and moderate throughout their political course4 ,i shall1 therefore1 comply with your request and theirs1 at my earliest convenience4 ,i hold that no man's position in life should shield him from the rebukes he may merit by his bad conduct2 and as for the present ,governor of ,tennessee1 his wholesale abuse of the ,american party1 towards whose members1 without a single exception1 he has indulged in language which ought not to be tolerated within the precincts of ,billingsgate1 no epithet is too low1 too degrading1 or disgraceful1 to pay him back in4 ,respectfully1 c41 ,w4 ,g4 ,,brownlow4 ,,fellow-,,citizens3--,the occasion which has called you together to-night1 is the special appointment of our young friend1 ,mr4 ,crowe1 to whose eloquence we have all listened with pleasure4 ,i have made no appointment to speak here2 nor have ,i prompted the loud and long calls made upon me1 this evening1 by this large ,nashville audience4 ,i shall speak to you2 but not upon the issues of the late canvass1 nor upon those of the approaching canvass of #ahef4 ,i will discuss ,andrew ,johnson and ,e4 ,g4 ,eastman2 and if they are in the assembly1 ,i hope they will come forward and take seats on this stand1 that ,i may have the pleasure of looking them full in the face1 as ,i denounce them in unmeasured terms3 which is my purpose to-night1 let the consequences be what they may6 ,on a memorable night in ,august1 after it was understood that ,andrew ,johnson was relected to the office of ,governor1 a procession was formed in ,knoxville1 composed of the worst materials in that young and growing city--such as drunken1 red-mouthed ,irishmen1 lousy ,germans1 and insolent negroes1 with three or four men of respectable pretensions thrown in1 to exercise a controlling influence over these bad materials4 ,this riotous mob halted in front of my dwelling1 in ,east ,knoxville1 and groaned and sang for my especial benefit3 all which was natural enough--as they had triumphed over me in the election of a ,governor4 ,i took no offence at their rejoicing over the election of ,gov4 ,johnson1 as ,i told them2 and for the reason1 that ,i knew them to be of that class of men who would actually need the exercise of the pardoning power1 at the hands of the present ,governor1 to release them from the penitentiary1 before his present term of service would expire6 ,from my humble dwelling1 this beautiful procession marched to the ,coleman ,house1 on ,gay street1 yelling like devils1 and insulting the inmates of every house they passed4 ,huzza for ,andy ,mc,johnson6 exclaimed one4 ,three cheers for ,andy ,o',johnson6 exclaimed another4 ,while1 to cap the climax--,well done1 my ,johnsing and the ,white ,bastard1 7meaning ,basis17 exclaimed a drunken negro6 ,halting in front of the ,coleman ,house1 the ,governor elect mounted a goods box1 and under feelings of great excitement1 hatred1 and malice1 delivered a speech abusive of the whole ,american party1 excepting none1 in coarse1 bitter language1 in a style peculiarly his own--adapted alone to the foul precincts of ,billingsgate--rounding his periods with a diabolical and infernal grin1 alone suited to a display of oratory by a land pirate6 ,i reported this slanderous speech--not in as offensive style--as it was delivered2 for his looks and grins no man can report on paper4 ,i also wrote the substance of what he said to ,major ,donelson1 in a letter1 of which ,i shall have something more to say before ,i leave this stand4 ,just here1 ,i will repeat what the ,governor did say1 and what ,i reported him to have said in my paper4 ,i wish this large audience to hear me distinctly1 and to recollect the points ,i make2 for ,i shall wind up on the ,governor and his miserable tool1 ,eastman1 with a degree of severity you have not been accustomed to1 but which shall be warranted by the facts in each case4 ,gov4 ,johnson said this new party of self-styled ,americans professed to have organized with a view to purify and reform the old political parties4 ,a beautiful set1 said he1 to reform6 ,the ,order of ,know ,nothings was composed of the worst men in the ,whig and ,democratic parties4 ,as a sample of these men1 he pointed out ,andrew ,j4 ,donelson1 by name--exclaiming as often as twice1 ,who is ,andrew ,j4 ,donelson8 ,he is a soured1 office-seeking1 disappointed politician1 who has been kicked out of the ,democratic party4 ,to illustrate his views more fully1 he told the crowd to imagine a large gang of counterfeiters out there6 and an equally large gang of horse-thieves out yonder6 ,take from these two companies the worst men in their ranks1 form a third party of these1 and you have a representation of this ,know ,nothing party4 ,this was a beautiful party to propose reform1 or to speak of other parties being corrupt6 ,he was interrupted repeatedly2 and ,i think ,i may safely say1 among hands1 they gave him the d----d lie fifty times6 ,james ,m4 ,davis1 a respectable mechanic1 asked him if he would say that to ,major ,donelson's face8 ,he replied1 that he heard the hissing of an adder1 or a goose1 and went through with certain stereotyped phrases you have all heard from his lips4 ,this call upon him by ,mr4 ,davis was not named in my newspaper report1 nor in my letter to ,major ,donelson4 ,indeed1 ,i did not anticipate a denial of his abuse4 ,now1 fellow-citizens1 it was in this connection1 as well as in the most offensive language1 that ,gov4 ,johnson introduced the name of ,andrew ,j4 ,donelson1 repeating it more than once1 emphasizing upon it1 and repeating it with scorn and bitterness4 ,this is the report1 in substance1 ,i made of his speech through my paper1 and in a letter ,i addressed to ,major ,donelson4 ,and to the truth of my report1 there are one hundred respectable gentlemen in ,knoxville who will make oath upon the ,holy ,bible4 ,there are now a half-dozen respectable gentlemen in this crowd who were in the street at ,knoxville on that occasion1 and heard every word the ,governor said1 and will sustain me in my account of it4 ,among these ,i will name ,messrs4 ,white and ,armstrong1 members of the ,house1 ,senator ,rogers1 ,col4 ,james ,c4 ,luttrell1 and ,mr4 ,fleming1 the editor of the ,knoxville ,register4 ,well1 gentlemen--and ,i am proud to have an opportunity of vindicating myself before so large a ,nashville audience as this is--,i say ,major ,donelson came to ,nashville1 after receiving intelligence of the abuse of the ,governor1 and was seen walking these streets with a large and homely stick in his hand1 looking grum1 as any gentleman would do under the circumstances4 ,the friends of ,gov4 ,johnson seeing what would likely be the result of this affair1 asked for1 and very properly obtained that letter1 with a view to laying it before their slanderous and abusive ,executive officer1 that he might lie out of what he said about an honorable and brave man2 and thereby avoid the disgrace of a cudgelling6 ,did he lie out of the scrape8 ,he did3 aye1 he ingloriously lied out of what he had said--leaving ,major ,donelson no ground for any difficulty with him3 although the ,major had a right to suppose that any man base enough to make such charges1 would have no hesitancy in lying out of his disreputable and cowardly abuse4 ,i therefore pronounce your ,governor1 here upon his own dunghill1 an ,,unmitigated ,,liar ,,and ,,calumniator1 and a ,,villainous ,,coward1 wanting the nerve to stand up to his abuse of better men than himself6 ,but it will be said that the ,governor proves me a liar1 by a citizen of ,nashville1 who was present at ,knoxville and heard his speech4 ,that is so1 but ,i prove both him and his witness liars1 by a multitude of witnesses who were also present1 and who are gentlemen of the first standing4 ,but who is it that testifies that ,i have lied8 ,it is ,e4 ,g4 ,eastman1 the editor of the ,sag ,nicht organ in this city4 ,and who is ,e4 ,g4 ,eastman8 ,he is a dirty1 lying1 and unscrupulous ,abolitionist1 from ,massachusetts1 who once conducted an ,abolitionist paper either in that ,state1 or the ,state of ,new ,hampshire4 ,he was brought out to this ,state to lie for the unscrupulous leaders of his party4 ,he is paid for telling and writing falsehoods1 and would1 if the interests of his party required it1 and a consideration were paid him in hand1 swear lies as readily as he would write them down for publication4 ,he is a poor devil1 as void of truth and honor as he has shown himself to be of courage and resentment4 ,he edits a low1 dirty1 scurrilous sheet2 and1 like his master1 ,gov4 ,johnson1 never could elevate himself above the level of a common blackguard4 ,no epithet is too low1 too degrading1 or disgraceful to be applied to the members of the ,american party1 by either of these ,billingsgate graduates4 ,decent men shun coming in contact with either of them1 as they would avoid a night-cart1 or other vehicle of filth4 ,as some fish thrive only in dirty water1 so the ,nashville ,union and ,american would not exist a week out of the atmosphere of slang and vituperation4 ,a fit organ1 this1 for all who arrange themselves under the dark piratical flag of ,andrew ,johnson and his progressive ,democracy4 ,i am the more specific in reference to ,eastman1 because ,i understand he is in this assembly6 ,but1 fellow-citizens1 ,i am not yet through with this ,knoxville speech of the ,governor4 ,maj4 ,donelson visited ,knoxville1 one month after this slanderous speech was made against him2 he visited there upon the invitation of the ,american party1 to address a ,mass ,meeting4 ,i waited upon ,maj4 ,donelson1 upon his arrival1 and found him at the house of ,doct4 ,curry4 ,i told the ,major that ,i was tired of having questions of veracity between me and ,governors and ,ex-,governors of ,tennessee1 and that ,i desired that others should state to him what had been said by the ,governor4 ,accordingly1 different gentlemen1 citizens of character1 informed him that they were in the crowd and heard ,johnson1 and that he did say all that was attributed to him1 both in the letter he had received from me1 and in the two ,knoxville papers4 ,consequently1 when ,maj4 ,donelson made his speech next day1 he denounced the ,governor as a miserable calumniator1 and refuted his villainous charges1 in a manner becoming the occasion1 and with a frankness which carried with it a conviction of its truth1 and gave satisfaction to his numerous friends4 ,and now1 gentlemen1 ,i take occasion to state1 that there is no longer an adjourned question of veracity between me and ,johnson and ,eastman4 ,the issue is between ,johnson and ,eastman1 on the one hand1 and various respectable gentlemen of ,knoxville1 on the other hand4 ,either the ,governor and his man ,friday have basely lied1 or a number of the citizens of ,knoxville and vicinity1 have testified to what is false4 ,i assert1 once more1 that the ,governor and his dirty ,editor have lied out of the villainous abuse the former heaped upon better men than himself4 ,and if their friends are willing to see them remain under the charge1 the ,american party are satisfied with the settlement of the question4 ,fellow-citizens1 while ,i am on the stand1 ,i will notice some other points personal to myself4 ,and before ,i enter upon these1 ,i will call your attention to the wholesale abuse of the ,governor1 of some thirty-five or forty thousand voters in ,tennessee4 ,in his ,murfreesboro' speech1 he asserted that the ,devil1 his ,satanic ,majesty1 presides over all the secret conclaves held by the ,know ,nothings1 and that they are the allies of the ,prince of ,darkness4 ,i quote from his printed speeches from memory1 but it will be found that ,i quote correctly4 ,in that same speech1 he asserts that all ,know ,nothings are bound by terrible oaths to fix and carry a lie in their mouths6 ,in his ,manchester speech1 ,i believe it was1 he called all members of the new party ,hyenas1 and huge reptiles1 upon whose neck the feet of all honest men ought to be placed4 ,and in this same speech he says he ,,would ,,as ,,soon ,,be ,,found ,,in ,a ,,clan ,,of ,,john ,a4 ,,murrell',s ,,men1 ,,as ,,in ,a ,,know ,,nothing ,,council6 ,what an imputation upon nearly one half of the legal voters of ,tennessee6 ,he has used the most odious terms his limited knowledge of the ,english language would enable him to employ1 to deride1 defame1 insult1 and blackguard every man who has joined the new party1 or dares to act with them in politics4 ,in the plenitude of his bitter and supercilious arrogance1 ,andrew ,johnson has indulged in language against the entire ,american party1 which would not be tolerated within the precincts of ,billingsgate1 or the lowest fish-market in ,london4 ,and from ,johnson to ,shelby counties1 during the entire summer1 this low-flung and ill-bred scoundrel1 pursued this same strain of vulgar and disgusting abuse4 ,and whether speaking of the most enlightened statesman1 the purest patriot1 or the most pious clergyman1 he pursued the same strain of abuse4 ,with him1 a vile demagogue1 whose daily employment is to administer to the very worst appetites of mankind1 no virtue1 no honor1 no truth1 exists anywhere1 but in the breasts of such as are either corrupt enough or fool enough to follow him1 and a few malignant falsifiers who worship at his shrine4 ,he is a wretched and vile caterer to the morbid foreign and ,catholic appetite of this country4 ,it is a dirty bird that fouls its own nest1 says the proverb2 and it applies to this man ,johnson with as much force as to the dirtiest of the feathered tribe4 ,where is the wretch1 so lost1 so dead1 ,who never to himself hath said1 ,this is my own1 ,,my ,,native ,,land6 ,he now disgraces the ,executive ,chair of this gallant ,state4 ,most of ,god's creatures1 human and brute1 have an attachment to ,,home1 ,,sweet ,,home2 but here is a contemptible and selfish demagogue who discards all such feelings1 and would transfer his country and home to strangers and outlaws1 to ,european paupers and criminals1 if he could thereby receive a temporary election1 or receive a pocket-full of money4 ,for such a wretch ,i have no sympathy1 and no feelings but those of scorn and contempt1 and hence it is that ,i speak of him in such terms4 ,on every stump in ,tennessee1 he held me up as the ,high ,priest of the ,order1 representing ,col4 ,gentry as my candidate4 ,since ,i came to ,middle ,tennessee1 ,i have been informed that he pointed to the fancied fact that ,i was the head of the ,order1 as an evidence of its utter want of respectability4 ,turning up his nose1 and grinning significantly1 he would inquire1 ,who is ,william ,g4 ,brownlow8 ,now1 gentlemen1 since he makes this issue of respectability with me1 ,i will accept it4 ,since he throws down the glove1 ,i will take it up1 and ,i will show you that he is the last man on ,god's green earth to call in question the respectability of other men1 or their families6 ,it would be both cruel and unbecoming in me to speak of what the dishonest and villainous relatives of ,gov4 ,johnson have done1 if he conducted himself prudently1 and did not abuse others with such great profusion4 ,i am not aware of any relative of mine ever having been hung1 sent to the penitentiary1 or being placed in the stocks4 ,i have no doubt that persons related to me1 directly or remotely1 have deserved such a fate long since4 ,there is not a man in this vast assembly who can say1 and tell the truth1 that he has no mean kin4 ,can ,gov4 ,johnson say so8 ,rather1 can he say he has any other kind8 ,he is a member of a numerous family of ,johnsons1 in ,north ,carolina1 who are generally ,,thieves and ,,liars2 and though he is the best one of the family ,i have ever met with1 ,i unhesitatingly affirm1 to-night1 that there are better men than ,andrew ,johnson in our ,penitentiary6 ,his relatives in the ,old ,north ,state1 have stood in the ,stocks for crimes they have committed4 ,and his own born cousin1 ,madison ,johnson1 was hung in ,raleigh1 for murder and robbery6 ,i told him of this years ago1 in ,jonesboro'1 and he denied it1 and put me to the trouble of procuring the testimony of ,gov4 ,john ,m4 ,morehead to prove it6 ,the ,governor was petitioned to pardon ,madison ,johnson1 and declined1 as he knew he suffered justly4 ,this explains why this scape-gallows has been so bitter against ,whig and ,know ,nothing ,governors4 ,they have been so unfeeling1 as to suffer his dear relatives to pull hemp without foothold1 when a jury of twelve honest men have said that they deserved death6 ,is he not one of the last men living to talk about a want of respectability on the part of any one8 ,certainly he is6 ,well1 gentlemen1 ,johnson is again the ,governor of ,tennessee2 but if he could be mortified1 he would have the mortification to know that he is the ,governor with a majority of the legal native votes of the ,state cast in opposition to him4 ,we all committed one capital blunder in the late canvass1 and that alone defeated ,gentry1 and elected ,johnson4 ,we copied from the ,book of ,pardons a list of ,,forty-,,seven names of culprits pardoned out of our ,state ,prison by ,johnson--some for negro-stealing1 some for counterfeiting1 house-breaking1 rape1 and other ,democratic measures--more pardons than all his illustrious predecessors ever granted4 ,in copying this list1 we said to the voters of the ,state that ,johnson had spoken his honest sentiments when he said he preferred being among a clan of ,murrell men1 to being found in a ,know ,nothing ,council2 and in the same breath we assured them that if ,gentry was elected1 he would let all such rascals stay in prison as long as the courts of the country decreed they should4 ,and while thousands of honorable1 high-minded men voted for ,johnson1 under the lash of party1 or because they were blinded by his glaring demerits1 it is not to be disguised that all the petit larceny and ,penitentiary men in the ,state voted for him4 ,there never was a time in ,tennessee when there were not five thousand voters who either had been stealing1 or intended to steal6 ,these would naturally look to where they would find a friend1 in the event of their being overtaken by justice4 ,in the person of ,andrew ,johnson1 they felt assured of a friend indeed1 because a friend in need4 ,he had publicly told them that he preferred the company of ,murrell men to the society of the most respectable lawyers1 doctors1 preachers1 farmers1 and mechanics in the ,state1 who met in certain councils4 ,the fact of his turning so many ,murrell men out of the ,state ,prison1 and of his having been raised up in such society1 left no doubt of the sincerity of his profession6 ,in conclusion1 fellow-citizens1 if ,gov4 ,johnson cannot lawfully canvass the ,state a third time for the office he now fills1 ,i hope the ,legislature will legalize such a race by a special act1 and ,i propose to be the candidate against him4 ,i will show the people of the ,state in his presence1 from the same stand1 who are ,murrell men1 and who are not able to look honest men in the face6 ,if ,i have said any thing to-night offensive to your ,governor1 or any of his friends or understrappers in this city1 they know where to find me4 ,when ,i am not on the streets1 ,i can be found at ,no4 #dc1 on the lower floor of ,sam ,scott's ,city ,hotel1 opposite the ladies' parlor4 ,i shall remain here for the next ten days only1 and whatever punishment any one may wish to inflict upon me1 it must be done in that time4 ,i say this1 not because ,i seek a difficulty1 but because ,i don't intend it shall be said that ,i made this speech and took to flight6 ,i thank you1 gentlemen1 for the patience with which you have heard me in a matter personal to myself1 and ,i hope you are prepared to acquit me of lying in the ,donelson case1 although ,gov4 ,johnson and ,editor ,eastman bear testimony against me4 ,i thank you1 and now bid you good night6 99 99 99 99 99 ,we beg leave to add1 that in ,march1 #ahdb1 ,andrew ,johnson laid hold of us in a speech in ,blountville1 when we were in ,jonesborough1 distant twenty miles4 ,he held up a picture or drawing of us1 and accompanied it with many abusive remarks4 ,in turn1 we held him up in the ,whig of the #bith of the same month1 and gave his pedigree in full1 and with it a representation of his cousin ,madison ,johnson1 under the gallows in ,raleigh6 ,the first ,monday in ,april following1 ,johnson spoke in ,jonesborough1 and denied most solemnly that he ever had a relative by the name of ,madison ,johnson--denied that a man of that name had ever been hung in ,raleigh--and asserted that the man hung there in #ahda was by the name of ,scott--a nephew1 he said1 of ,general ,winfield ,scott6 ,this bold denial1 made in the presence of a large and anxious crowd1 overwhelmed us for the time being1 as ,johnson was raised in the vicinity of ,raleigh1 and had learned his trade there4 ,he was supposed to know1 and for the moment we were branded with falsehood4 ,to aid him in his war upon us1 the ,jonesborough ,sentinel1 ,johnson's organ1 came out upon us1 and noticed his denial of our charge and his speech1 in an article of which the following is an extract3 ,brownlow said1 some time back1 that ,col4 ,johnson had a cousin hung in ,north ,carolina4 ,the ,colonel developed the fact the day he used up or skinned ,brownlow alive in ,jonesborough1 that instead of its being his cousin1 it was the nephew of ,gen4 ,winfield ,scott1 now a quasi ,coon candidate for the ,presidency4 ,brownlow is so silent6 ,after this1 the ,sentinel noticed us again1 and this notice drew out ,,weston ,r4 ,,gales1 the then editor of the ,raleigh ,register1 in the following3 ,,editorial ,,compliments4 ,we find the following editorial in the ',jonesboro' 7,tenn47 ,sentinel1' a ,locofoco print1 in relation to the editor of the ',jonesboro ,whig3' ,,brownlow made an awkward attempt last week to caricature a person who was hung some years ago in ,north ,carolina1 whom he termed the cousin of ,col4 ,,johnson4 ,but it turns out to have been the nephew of ,gen4 ,,winfield ,,scott1 a distinguished ,coon leader4 ,poor ,,brownlow6--it ought to be his time next4 ,wonder how many hen-roosts he robbed last summer8 ,we have nothing to do with whose time it is to be hung next1 nor with the number of hen-roosts robbed1 nor by whom robbed1 but we will take occasion to correct the ',sentinel' as to the person hung here 'some years ago4' ,in the spring of #ahda1 a man named ,,madison ,,johnson was hung in this place for the murder of ,,henry ,,beasley1 but we were not aware that he was any relation of ,col4 ,,johnson1 if it be meant thereby ,col4 ,r4 ,m4 ,,johnson1 of ,kentucky4 ,he was1 however1 connected with ,a4 ,,johnson1 the candidate for ,congress in the ,jonesboro' ,district1 ,,madison and he being first cousins4 ,the last man hung in this place by the name of ,,scott1 was ,,mason ,,scott1 in #ahbj1 and if the ',sentinel' means to reflect upon the ,whig party by saying he was a nephew of ,gen4 ,,winfield ,,scott1 a 'distinguished ,coon leader1' we are willing for him to indulge in such misstatements4 ,,if ,,the ',,sentinel' ,,had ,,taken ,,the ,,trouble ,,to ,,consult ,,mr4 ,a4 ,,johnson ,,on ,,the ,,subject1 ,,he ,,would ,,have ,,satisfied ,,him ,,of ,,the ,,facts1 ,,as ,,he ,,was ,,in ,,this ,,city ,,about ,,the ,,time ,,madison ,,was ,,executed4 ,it will be seen1 that while ,johnson was uttering his solemn but false denial at ,jonesborough1 he knew he was lying1 for he was in ,raleigh about the time ,madison was executed6 ,but we told our friends to hold on1 to have patience1 and to give us time1 and we would make good our charge4 ,accordingly1 in the same issue in which we brought out this extract from the ,raleigh ,register1 we published the following letter from ,gov4 ,,morehead1 in answer to one we had written him3 ,,raleigh1 #bdth ,april1 #ahdc4 ,,executive ,,office4 ,,dear ,,sir--,i have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of yours of the #adth inst41 requesting me to inform you what was the name of the man hung in ,raleigh in the spring of #ahda4 ,his name was ,,madison ,,johnson4 ,his case was taken to the ,supreme ,court1 and you will find it reported1 ,december ,term1 #ahdj1 vol4 #ast1 page #ced1 ,iredell's ,reports4 ,he was hung for the murder of ,henry ,beasley4 ,a strong effort was made to procure a pardon for him2 but believing his case a clear murder1 ,i refused to grant it4 ,the only man named ,scott that was ever convicted of murder at this place1 was ,mason ,scott1 in #ahbj4 ,you will find his case reported in the reports of the ,supreme ,court1 ,january ,term1 #ahbj1 #ast ,stark's ,reports1 page #bd4 ,i am not aware that any other man named ,scott was ever convicted of a capital offence in this county4 ,i have the honor to be ,your most ob't serv't1 ,j4 ,m4 ,,morehead4 ,rev4 ,w4 ,g4 ,,brownlow4 ,in conclusion1 after this letter appeared1 and ,johnson was elected1 he sent an appointment to ,raleigh1 for a speech--attended there1 and blackguarded and vilified ,morehead and ,brownlow for two hours4 ,he made the letter of ,morehead the pretext for his abuse1 but the real cause was the ,governor's refusal to pardon his cousin4 ,johnson was there to procure his pardon1 and brought every appliance to bear within his power1 but the ,north ,carolina ,governor was inflexible in the discharge of his sworn duty6 ,we do not make the point against ,johnson that he has mean kin1 only so far as it may offset his abuse of others1 for who of us are without mean kinsfolks8 ,but our point is1 his deliberate lying before a ,jonesboro' audience6 ,from the ,knoxville ,whig of ,dec4 #a1 #ahee4 ,,governor ,,johnson',s ,,thanksgiving ,,day4 ,as the sixth of the present month has been set apart by our ,governor1 to be observed as a day of prayer and thanksgiving to ,almighty ,god for his numerous and unmerited mercies conferred upon the people of our ,state and nation2 and as it is desirable that the different sects shall act in concert on the occasion1 and at least pray with the understanding1 that is to say1 appropriately1 we have been at the trouble to prepare a form of prayer for the occasion4 ,this we do in no irreverend spirit1 but in all candor and sincerity1 after this wise3 ,,almighty and everlasting ,god1 in whom we live1 and move1 and have our being3 we1 thy needy creatures1 render thee our humble praises1 for thy preservation of us from the beginning of our lives to this day of public thanksgiving1 and especially for having delivered us from all the dangers and afflictions of the year about to close4 ,by thy knowledge1 most gracious ,god1 the depths were broken up during the past seed-time and harvest1 and the rains descended3 while by night the clouds distilled the gentle dew1 filling our barns with plenty3 thus crowning the year with thy goodness1 in the increase of the ground1 and the gathering in of the fruits thereof4 ,and we beseech thee1 ,o most merciful ,father1 give us a just sense of this great mercy3 such as may appear in our lives1 by an humble1 holy1 and obedient walking before thee all our days6 ,to thy watchful providence1 ,o most merciful ,god1 we are indebted for all our mercies1 and not any works or merit of ours2 for many of us entered into the scramble to elevate to the ,executive ,chair of the ,state the present incumbent1 with a perfect knowledge that he had abused thy ,son1 ,,jesus ,,christ1 our ,lord1 on the floor of our ,state ,senate1 as a swindler1 advocating unlawful interest3 we knew that he had voted in ,congress against offering prayers to thee3 we knew that he had opposed the temperance cause1 which is the cause of ,god and of all mankind3 we knew that he had vilified the ,protestant religion1 and slandered the ,protestant clergy1 defending and eulogizing the corruptions of the ,roman ,catholic ,church1 throughout the length and breadth of our ,state2 yet such was the force of party ties1 ,o most mighty ,god1 that we went into the support of our ,,infidel ,,governor blind1 and1 by our zeal in his behalf1 gave the lie to our professions of piety1 rendered ourselves hateful in the eyes of all honest and consistent men1 meriting a degree of punishment we have never received6 ,we do most heartily repent1 ,o merciful ,god1 for these shameful sins3 we humble ourselves in lowest depths of humility1 and ask forgiveness of a ,god whom we have justly provoked to anger1 and the forgiveness of our insulted brethren1 whom we have wickedly blackguarded1 to the great injury of the cause of ,christ6 ,o most merciful ,god1 who art of purer eyes than to behold iniquity1 turn not a deaf ear to our supplications on this day1 because the day has been set apart by a ,governor who really does not subscribe to the ,christian religion2 does not attend ,divine service2 who swears profanely2 and has insulted ,heaven and outraged the feelings of all pious ,christians1 by teaching the blasphemous sentiment that ,christianity is of no higher or holier origin than his ,democracy6 ,have mercy1 our ,father and ,god1 upon that portion of this congregation who have endeavored to find peace to their souls by travelling along the converging lines of a spurious ,democracy1 in search of the foot of ,jacob's ,ladder1 and give them repentance and better minds6 ,and do thou1 ,o ,god of pity1 show all such1 that instead of ascending to heaven on an imaginary ,ladder1 they are chained fast to the ,locomotive of ,hell1 with the ,devil for their ,chief ,engineer1 the ,pope of ,rome as ,conductor1 and an ungodly ,governor as ,breakman2 and that1 at more than railroad speed1 they are driving on to where they are to be eternally punished by ,him whom thou hast appointed the ,judge of quick and dead1 thy ,son ,,jesus ,,christ1 our ,lord4 ,amen6 ,from the ,knoxville ,whig of ,may #bd1 #ahef4 ,,the ,,foreign ,,spirit ,,illustrated4 ,the following correspondence will explain itself1 whilst it will serve to show the spirit which governs this ,bogus ,foreign ,catholic ,democracy3 ,,richmond1 ,april #ba1 #ahef4 ,,rev4 ,,and ,,dear ,,sir3--,it cannot be unkind in me1 though personally unknown to you1 to address you on a subject in which our peace as citizens is alike concerned4 ,i see in the ,fincastle ,democrat of #ahth inst4 what purports to be a review of an article of yours in the ,knoxville ,whig of #eth inst41 in which ,i suppose1 from the remarks contained in the ,democrat1 ,i have been very1 very severely handled by you1 for an offence ,i never committed4 ,you will allow me to say1 sir1 that ,i have no recollection of ever writing or speaking a disrespectful word of you in all my life1 but1 on the contrary1 have frequently spoken approvingly of much you have written4 ,such being the fact1 you will not be surprised to learn how deeply ,i regret that the purest innocence on my part has failed to be a protection against personal abuse4 ,that you have been misled by some person1 is to my mind very plain1 and if1 through the influence of another1 you have inflicted a wound upon one that never harmed you1 nor ever designed to harm you1 is it not within the range of a generous nature--of an honest man--to repair the injury by at once giving up to the injured party the name of the deceiver1 or publish him to the world as authority for the assault1 and let him assume its responsibilities8 ,in a change of circumstances1 ,i should feel bound1 by the honor of a man1 to do that much1 and in my present relation to the case ,i ask nothing more4 ,it is perhaps due to you to be informed1 that ,i have not seen your article1 nor do ,i know a word it contains1 and it is due to myself to say that ,i knew nothing of the article in the ,democrat assailing you1 till ,i saw it in print some hundred of miles from home1 where ,i have not yet arrived after an absence of nearly two months4 ,on the subject of dues1 ,i may add that it is due to the public that the name of the deceiver be given them4 ,i of course suppose him to be a man of great personal courage1 ready to assume all his own responsibilities4 ,in conclusion1 permit me to say1 that any effort on your part to aid in concealing the hand that uses the dagger in the dark1 will detract largely from the estimate ,i have placed upon your character1 as a man without hesitation or fear1 when the claims of justice are presented4 ,my address is ,fincastle1 ,botetourt ,co41 ,va41 and ,i am very respectfully1 ,s4 ,d4 ,,hopkins4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,knoxville1 ,may #bast1 #ahef4 ,,rev4 ,s4 ,d4 ,,hopkins3 ,,sir--,through the weakness1 mismanagement1 and culpable remissness of the contemptible ,jesuit now at the head of the ,post ,office ,department1 and his numerous lackeys--all of whom you sustain in their politics--a letter written by you one month ago was received a few days since1 while ,i was absent at a ,know ,nothing ,convention1 aiding my political brethren in placing before the people of this ,congressional ,district an electoral candidate1 to aid in the great ,christian and patriotic work of overthrowing the corrupt1 profligate1 unprincipled1 ,foreign ,catholic ,bogus ,democratic party1 of which you are a member1 and in the service of which you are an editor6 ,but my delay in replying to your letter shall be atoned for in the length and plainness of my reply4 ,it is true1 sir1 that ,i published an editorial in my paper1 of some severity against you2 but the article was in reply to a low1 cowardly1 and abusive editorial against me in the ,fincastle ,democrat1 of which you are the editor4 ,and you will allow me to say1 sir1 that at the time this attack was made upon me in your paper1 ,i never had said a word about you or your paper in my life1 either good1 bad1 or indifferent2 and if through the influence of another you have inflicted a wound upon one that never harmed you1 is it not within the range of a generous nature--of an honest man--to repair the injury by taking back the article1 and apologizing through the same medium for the injury8 ,if1 however1 you believe you have not been misled by some person1 and have done me no more than justice in that abusive article1 hold on to it4 ,having made oath that the horse is fifteen feet high1 allow of no correction6 ,in all frankness1 you must permit me to say1 that ,i believe you expected to find in the office on your return to ,fincastle1 a letter from me demanding your authority for admitting into your paper such an article against me1 who1 as you very well knew1 up to that hour had never said one word1 publicly or privately1 against you or your paper4 ,i think you concluded to take the start of me1 and thus to forestall me1 by writing from ,richmond some twenty-four hours before you would arrive at home6 ,in your paper of the #ahth of ,april1 issued only three days before this letter was written at ,richmond1 an editorial of half a column appears1 in which your paper styles me a notorious blackguard--a bullying blackguard--an unwanted and lying man--who is mean enough to lie1 cheat1 or even steal--a man wearing the garb of righteousness to serve the ,devil in2 and in the same article1 the case of a ,locofoco editor1 who was involved in a shooting scrape on account of his attack upon a lady1 is actually attributed to ,,me6 ,although you are a ,reverend ,methodist ,preacher1 and a grave and dignified ,steam ,doctor1 conducting one of the organs of the ,foreign and ,anti-,american party in ,virginia1 you must pardon me for saying1 as ,i now do1 that in calling upon me for my authority for what ,i had said in reply to the unmitigated abuse of your paper1 you have proven to my mind1 that if you do not possess the cool and collected impudence of the ,devil1 you are at least possessed of the lion-headed impudence of an unprincipled ,sag ,nicht partisan1 hired to do the dirty work of an equally unprincipled and dirty organization6 ,but it is due to the history of this controversy that ,i should say1 this second attack upon me sets forth that you are from home1 and that the ,junior is responsible for the article4 ,this might be credited1 if1 on your return home1 you had protested against such abuse1 but it seems from your silence to have met with your heart's approval1 and gave general satisfaction1 at least to you6 ,it is true that you were absent at the time of both these publications1 but it does not follow1 as a matter of course1 that you were not the veritable author1 and that they did not find their way to the ,democrat office at the same time and in the same way that your ,baltimore ,correspondence got there4 ,the ,junior1 as he styles himself1 claims the fraternity2 and were it not that he is too well known in ,fincastle for any sane man to believe that he wrote the articles1 he might have the credit 7if credit there be attached to it7 of so low1 malicious1 and lying articles4 ,but he is known in ,fincastle to be a brainless man1 and to be incapable of writing a paragraph on any subject4 ,he is known to have no use of language1 and to be incapable of applying epithets to any one4 ,so that1 if you did not write these articles1 they were manufactured at ,irish ,corner1 in ,fincastle1 your ,junior not being able to do it1 for the reason that he is wholly incapable4 ,my opinion is1 that the articles were manufactured by the ,great ,mogul of the ,anti-,american party in your town1 and if he will only avow himself the author1 ,i will make some disclosures upon him that will make him wish himself back in ,swate ,ireland1 where he lives1 and moves1 and has his being2 no disclosures are necessary--his books1 and his person1 damn him to everlasting infamy4 ,he has the filthiest-looking mouth1 and the most offensive breath1 of any man in the ,valley of ,virginia4 ,no man who knows him will meet him square on the pavement1 or place himself in a position1 if it can be avoided1 of meeting a breeze from that great reservoir of all nastiness1 his mouth6 ,it is really a wonder how any human being can ,,live1 and emit all the time a stream of such overwhelming and uninterrupted ,,stench6 ,you must permit me to christen this man as the ,but-,cut of ,original ,sin1 and the ,upper-crust of all ,nastiness6 ,it may not set well upon your stomach1 that being a ,minister of the ,gospel1 and having the care of souls1 ,i should seem not to place implicit confidence in your denial of any participation in this unprovoked war upon me4 ,i will be candid with you1 and though it is possible for me to be mistaken in my views1 still1 if ,i am1 ,i am honestly deceived4 ,i have no confidence in the moral honesty and ,christian integrity of any ,protestant ,preacher1 of any denomination1 in this country1 who openly arrays himself against the ,american party1 and takes the side of the ,catholics1 ,foreigners1 and self-styled ,democrats associated with them4 ,nor will ,i hear one such preach or pray1 if ,i know him to be such1 and can get out of his hearing4 ,the growing light and improvements of this age forbid that an intelligent and pious man and minister should identify himself with that party4 ,and the fiery genius1 corrupting tendencies1 and uncompromising intolerance of that party1 are rapidly driving good and true men out of the party4 ,there never was a time since the division of parties in this country1 when ,i had so little confidence in what is called the ,democratic party as at present2 and as at present organized and constituted1 ,i believe it to be the most corrupt organization4 ,it is made up of the odds and ends of all factions and parties on the continent1 and is one of the most anomalous combinations of fanaticism1 idolatry1 prostitution1 crime1 and absurdities conceivable6 ,the isms composing the party of which you are a member1 are3 ,abolitionism2 ,free-soilism2 ,agrarianism2 ,fourieritism2 ,millerism2 ,radicalism2 ,woman's ,rightsism2 ,mobism2 ,mormonism2 ,spiritualism2 ,locofocoism2 ,higher-,lawism2 ,foreign ,pauperism2 ,anti-,americanism2 ,roman ,catholicism2 ,deism1 and modern ,sag ,nichtism6 ,all this tide of fanaticism and error1 originating ,north of ,mason and ,dixon's ,line1 went for ,pierce in the last ,presidential contest3 they are with that party now1 against the ,american party2 and it is bad company in which to find a ,protestant minister6 ,yet1 miserable ,protestants hesitate not to commend these enemies of the natural rights of man1 and of the ,christian religion1 as being just as good ,christians as their neighbors6 ,oh6 judgment1 thou hast fled to brutish beasts2 ,and men have not their reason6 ,but1 ,doctor1 why were you at ,baltimore8 ,why1 sir1 during the past year1 you and other conscientious ,methodists took it into your heads to arraign a young man who was travelling your circuit1 ,mr4 ,hall1 and1 for the ,church's good1 to have him expelled1 whose great sin was that he was a ,know-,nothing1 or sympathized with the ,order6 ,the authorities of the ,church1 after a patient hearing of the whole case1 pro and con1 acquitted the young man4 ,you followed him up to the ,annual ,conference1 as the representative of and attorney for ,sag ,nichtism4 ,the ,conference acquitted the young preacher again1 and sent him to an enlightened circuit in ,maryland4 ,this so offended you1 and your patriotic1 not to say pious associates1 that1 for the ,church's good1 they resigned their stewardship in the ,church1 and were so offended at the course of the ,presiding ,elder1 ,rev4 ,m4 ,goheen1 than whom there is not a more modest1 unassuming1 conservative ,christian gentleman in the ,valley of ,virginia1 that1 at a recent ,quarterly ,meeting there1 they refused to attend church1 or to hear him preach4 ,this is just the spirit that actuates your party1 everywhere4 ,you demand of me the name or names of such person or persons as have given me information in reference to you4 ,reconsider this demand1 if you please1 and ask yourself if1 under all the circumstances1 it is not a cool piece of impudence4 ,i have published nothing about you upon the authority of others1 but upon my own authority and responsibility4 ,you suspect some of your neighbors for writing to me1 and hence you make this demand4 ,it is true1 ,i have friends in ,fincastle1 and some of these write to me1 and when ,i publish any thing about you1 or any one of your associates1 and give these friends of mine as authority1 ,i will give you their names1 if called upon to do so2 or ,i will assume the responsibility myself4 ,what ,i have said in reply to the wicked1 slanderous1 and cowardly assault upon me1 in the dirty paper controlled by you1 ,i have said upon my own responsibilities1 as a man1 and as a member of the same ,church to which you belong2 and whether my peace as a citizen is preserved or destroyed1 ,i am not the man to be intimidated or driven from my position4 ,my failure to give you the names of any citizens of your vicinity1 who may have written me private letters1 relating to your war upon young ,hall1 the ,circuit ,preacher1 will detract largely from the estimate you have placed upon my character4 ,this ,i am sorry to hear1 as ,i do not wish to fall below the estimate placed upon my character in the two issues of your paper1 now before me6 ,this would be reaching a lower deep1 as the poet classically styles it6 ,now1 sir1 ,i have a letter from a town in ,virginia1 not far distant from ,fincastle1 written by a gentleman of as great personal courage as you or myself1 who states1 that a gentleman who was present at the trial of ,rev4 ,mr4 ,hall1 heard you make the assertion1 on that occasion1 that you alone were responsible for all the editorials that appeared in the ,democrat1 and that the ,junior partner was not6 ,if you think proper to make an issue with this gentleman1 you can have his name6 ,i am1 ,dr4 ,hopkins1 your humble servant1 ,w4 ,g4 ,,brownlow1 ,editor of the ,knoxville ,whig4 ,from the ,knoxville ,whig4 ,,to ,,stephen ,,tribble4 ,,villainous ,,sir3--,letters from my friends in the ,west inform me that you are making a full team in the service of the ,devil1 ,locofocoism1 and crime1 in portions of ,missouri and ,kentucky6 ,you have recently held forth in ,charleston1 a pleasant post-village1 the capital of ,mississippi county1 ,missouri1 about six miles south-west of the ,father of ,waters6 ,in that town you undertook to inform the good people1 the ,circuit ,judge being present1 who ,i am1 and to demonstrate that ,i am not entitled to credit in any thing ,i say6 ,you claimed to have once lived in ,east ,tennessee--to know the people and the country--and to have known ,william ,t4 ,senter and ,james ,y4 ,crawford1 two other ,methodist preachers1 whose pedigrees you pretend to give6 ,mr4 ,senter was an able man--a moral and upright man--and a ,whig ,representative in ,congress1 from the ,district you represented in the jail of ,sullivan county1 for a long time previous to your being branded in the hand and on the cheeks1 for ,,manslaughter1 the particulars of which ,i will remind you of before ,i close this familiar letter6 ,mr4 ,senter could have gone to ,congress longer1 but voluntarily retired4 ,mr4 ,crawford was a brother-in-law to ,mr4 ,senter1 and was a preacher of respectable talents1 and in good standing in his ,church4 ,they are both in their graves1 beyond the reach of your malice1 where the sound of your infamous voice1 and the words of your lying tongue1 can never penetrate their ears6 ,but ,i am still above ground1 daily kicking1 and making war upon the ,locofoco ,paupers and ,foreign ,catholics1 as well as ,native ,traitors1 with whom you are associated1 and with whom you act in politics4 ,i acknowledge myself to be game for you to hunt down6 ,you are now a ,campbellite preacher as well as a ,sag ,nicht ,missionary2 and the garb of religion you wear1 gives a degree of weight to your falsehoods and slanders1 among strangers1 that they otherwise would not have4 ,the idea of ,stev ,tribble1 who ingloriously fled from this country for crimes he could not meet in open court1 being a preacher1 and itinerating through the ,west1 in search of the lost sheep of the house of ,israel1 is so ridiculous1 as scarcely to be believed at all1 although there is no doubt but what he has been regularly installed in ,kentucky1 and now has the care of souls4 ,why1 you unmitigated old villain1 your whole career1 from your youth up1 has been one of crime and revolting blackguardism4 ,while a boy and a young man1 where ,hoss's school was taught in ,washington county1 your vulgar conversation1 immoral practices1 indecent habits1 and blackguardism1 disgusted the entire neighborhood1 and rendered you so odious that no decent family would board you6 ,all the waters of the far-famed ,jordan1 in the palmiest days of that bold stream1 were not sufficient to wash your sins away6 ,if the ,lord ,bishop of ,london were to immerse you as often as seventy times seven1 in the waters of bold ,jordan1 and in the name of the holy ,trinity1 you would still remain what you were when you fled from this country to avoid the extreme penalty of the law--one of the greatest scoundrels for whom ,christ died6 ,yourself and half-brother ,havron were confined in ,blountville ,jail1 for the murder of ,william ,humphreys1 a promising young man1 whom you brutally assaulted and murdered in open daylight in the streets of ,kingsport1 in ,sullivan county1 and without provocation6 ,you were tried and convicted of manslaughter1 and branded in the hand and on the cheek4 ,after being branded1 you bit the letters out of your hand1 and clawed them out of your face1 but the scars are to be seen in both4 ,indeed1 ,i have been written to1 to know why these scars are on your face6 ,i take this method of answering those inquiries2 and publishing them in my ,whig1 which has a circulation of #e1jjj1 and our ,campaigner1 which circulates #g1jjj copies1 ,i shall be able to introduce you to as many persons as may have heard you preach my funeral4 ,while in the ,blountville ,jail1 with your half-brother1 ,havron1 whose blow killed ,humphreys1 after you had weakened him1 you caught hold of the jailor1 ,montgomery ,irvin1 and held him in a scuffle1 when he entered the room with your dinner1 until ,havron made his escape4 ,havron would have pulled hemp1 had he not escaped2 and had our penitentiary system existed at that time1 you would have been sentenced for life6 ,but you would not have remained there longer than the past summer1 as we have a ,governor who pardons out all such men1 and has more sympathies for them than any other ,executive ,officer in the nation4 ,you have a half-brother who is a ,sag ,nicht member of our ,legislature1 and a great friend and supporter of our ,governor and his foreign associates1 and he could have turned you out and procured for you an office if you had remained4 ,but then you followed the teachings of the spirit of ,sag ,nichtism1 in leaving between two days1 and emigrating to ,kentucky1 as many precious souls would never have heard the word1 or had their sin washed away1 but for you6 ,in an unmentionable and disgraceful enterprise1 you became possessed of a broken leg1 and were mean enough to abscond without paying the bill of your physician1 ,dr4 ,patton1 whose unremitting attention saved you from your grave1 and from the clutches of the ,devil1 sooner than the old fellow was prepared for your reception6 ,if you had the honor of a first class thief1 you would pay this medical bill out of the proceeds of the first public collection you take up1 either in ,missouri or ,kentucky4 ,and if you suffer it to go unpaid until your infinitely infernal career is wound up1 the ,day of ,judgment will disclose the manner of your breaking your leg6 ,if ,i were you1 ,i would sooner pay this bill now1 than to be asked in the great day how my leg was broken6 ,disgraced as you are1 unprincipled and villainous1 you have gone into ,kentucky1 taken upon yourself holy orders1 and married a wife1 imposing most shamefully upon the family into which you married4 ,the woman you have thus imposed upon1 would be justifiable now1 in the eyes of both ,god and man1 in forsaking you and applying for a divorce4 ,and no court or jury would refuse her application1 when made acquainted with your character4 ,it is a remarkable fact--one that ,i desire to call1 not so much to your notice1 as to the notice of the public generally--that while all the members of this ,foreign ,democratic party are by no means villains1 destitute of principle2 yet1 all the assassins1 cut-throats1 thieves1 and hypocrites in the country have crowded into the ranks of that party6 ,fawned upon1 fostered and pampered by the villainous leaders1 demagogues1 and tricksters of the party1 who need the services of all such scavengers1 you are encouraged to act with them4 ,these leaders1 who are really no better than you are1 generously admit you to a fellowship1 and courteously acknowledge all such abandoned rascals to be their equals6 ,such men1 to a great extent1 now constitute the free-democracy of the country--they desecrate the ballot-box--disgust decent men wherever they come in contact with them--blaspheme the name of ,god--and swear that they will either rule or ruin the country6 ,but1 ,sir1 it was said of a certain man in the ,scriptures1 that he was a sinner above all the sinners that dwell in ,jerusalem4 ,so it may in perfect truth be said of you1 that you are a scoundrel above all the scoundrels in the hateful ranks of ,sag ,nichtism4 ,you deserve1 for your depraved course of life1 a greater punishment than you have received or are likely to receive in this life4 ,the guilt of foul calumny1 of the most black and odious kind1 attaches to every sentence uttered by your lying tongue4 ,guilt1 the offspring of fiend-like malice1 shamefully false1 deeply corrupt1 and badly matured3 perfidy1 dishonesty1 and rank poison--hot incense of murder1 theft1 inhuman spoliation1 and deep1 dark forebodings of damnation have been rooted and grounded in your heart1 for lo6 these many years6 ,dark despair1 endless death1 inexpressible misery1 manifold1 and worse than death1 follow in the ghastly train of your crimes1 and riot in your corrupt bosom1 as with infernal drunkenness of delight6 ,the record of your deep depravity1 of your utter want of principle1 and of your ten thousand villainous exploits1 is stereotyped upon the burning sands of eternity1 and stamped on the imperishable walls of the rotunda of the ,devil's ,hell1 to which you are driving at railroad speed6 ,in upper ,east ,tennessee1 where you are known1 it would disgrace an ,algerine ,bandit to sit and hear you pretend to preach6 ,you pretend to preach ,christ and him crucified1 and immerse persons in the name of the ,trinity6 ,shrouded in the sackcloth and ashes of disgrace1 enclosed in a vault filled to the brim with buried and putrefied venality1 and steeped to the very nose and chin in crime1 how dare you attempt to preach6 ,i repeat1 you vile slanderer of the living and the dead1 that1 in justice to the cause of ,god and of civilization1 ,i will keep spread the unfurled banner of your infamy on every breeze1 and cause it to float in the atmosphere of every ,state in this ,union1 until your very name becomes a mockery and a by-word6 ,and ,i call upon the people of ,kentucky and ,missouri to ring the loud knell of your infamy1 from steep to steep1 and from valley to valley1 until their swelling sounds are heard in startling echoes1 mingling with the rush of the criminal's torrent1 and the mighty cataract's earthquake-voice6 ,w4 ,g4 ,,brownlow1 ,editor of the ,knoxville ,whig4 ,june #gth1 #ahef4 ,,an ,,expose ,,of ,,roman ,,catholicism4 ,the following articles1 setting forth the ,,designs and ,,tendency of ,romanism in the ,united ,states1 appeared in the ,,knoxville ,,whig of ,may and ,june1 #ahef1 and will speak for themselves4 ,the writer has opposed the ,papal ,hierarchy for twenty years2 and in a series of articles1 now filed in a number of the ,,jonesborough ,,whig1 published sixteen years ago1 he predicted that the very state of things we are now realizing would come upon us as soon as the year #ahfj1 and that the party calling itself by the revered name of ,democrat1 would identify itself with political ,romanism6 ,,the ,,catholic ,,question4--,,no4 ,i4 ,the ,american ,party and the ,religious ,test--,the ,louisiana ,delegation and the ,gallican ,catholics--,the vote of the ,philadelphia ,convention to admit the ,louisiana ,delegates--,the ,american ,councils in ,louisiana--,catholics proper cannot be true citizens of a ,republic4 ,it is sometimes said by the ,anties1 that the ,american party1 at their late ,philadelphia ,convention1 dismissed the ,catholic ,question from their platform1 and that they admitted into their ,council a ,catholic ,delegation from ,louisiana4 ,we were in that ,convention1 from the hour of its opening until its final close1 and we deny both statements4 ,the fifth and tenth sections of the platform adopted at ,philadelphia1 and for which we voted1 are in the following words1 and they express all our platform says upon that subject3 #eth4 ,no person should be selected for political station1 7whether of native or foreign birth17 who recognizes any allegiance or obligation of any description to any foreign prince1 potentate1 or power1 or who refuses to recognize the ,federal and ,state ,constitutions 7each within its sphere7 as paramount to all other laws1 as rules of political action4 #ajth4 ,opposition to any union between ,church and ,state2 no interference with religious faith or worship1 and no tests oaths for office4 ,the ,american party was against political ,romanism--against all who acknowledge any allegiance to a foreign ,prince1 ,potentate1 or ,power2 or who acknowledge any authority on earth1 higher and more binding than the ,constitutions of our ,states1 and ,general ,government4 ,and those who are familiar with the temporal assumptions of ,popery1 and the political intrigues of the ,order of ,jesuits1 can have no other feelings than those of disgust1 upon hearing the ,locofoco demagogues of the country cry out against the ,american party for their opposition to the poor ,catholics6 ,against ,popes confined to ,rome1 we make no war2 but against ,popes usurping civil and spiritual authority1 in ,america1 we protest most solemnly1 and intend to make war1 unrelenting and unceasing war6 ,the ,louisiana ,delegation1 five in number1 were two ,methodist--one ,old ,school ,presbyterian--one ,episcopalian--and the other1 ,mr4 ,eustes1 a member of ,congress1 not a member of any ,church4 ,those gentlemen presented their credentials for admission1 and they were objected to1 because ,roman ,catholics were admitted into the ,order by the ,louisiana ,state ,council4 ,a warm debate ensued1 on a motion to admit the ,delegation1 on their credentials1 which finally prevailed1 by yeas #fg1 nays #ej1 many of the members having left for their lodgings1 because of the lateness of the hour1 and of their fatigue4 ,we were in favor of their admission1 and so was ,mr4 ,nelson1 of ,east ,tennessee1 and we both claim to be ultra ,protestant1 if the reader please4 ,the ,catholicism of ,louisiana1 we wish it borne in mind--that is the ,gallican wing of the ,church--is a very different species of ,catholicism from that of our ,irish and ,german ,hierarchy taught in this country1 under the training of ,archbishop ,hughes and ,monseigneur ,bedini1 the ,pope's villainous ,nuncio4 ,the ,french ,gallican ,church has so little respect for the ,pope of ,rome1 that when the ,king of ,sardinia was in ,paris1 less than twelve months ago1 though he was under the interdict of a ,papal ,bull of excommunication from ,pius ,,ix41 the ,gallican ,archbishops of ,pius1 and other ,priests associated with them1 visited him regularly1 and tendered him unbounded courtesies and honors4 ,the ,gallican wing of the ,catholic ,church of ,france is liberal1 as well as hostile to the insulting claims and pretensions of the ,pope4 ,but it is diluted still more with liberality1 and with opposition to these claims of the ,pope1 among the ,french ,creoles of ,louisiana4 ,most of them1 though ,roman ,catholics by name1 from being educated in the forms of the ,roman ,church1 have just about as much respect for ,rome1 and confidence in the ,pope1 as we have1 and ,god knows that is very little4 ,they denounce ,papal ,bulls1 interdicts1 and ,nuncios4 ,they throw off all temporal and spiritual allegiance to the ,pope--the civil authorities of the ,united ,states with them are supreme--they are ,american born--and hence1 our platform does not exclude them1 and consequently they were admitted at ,philadelphia1 or1 which is the same1 their representatives4 ,in #afeb1 under ,louis ,,xiv41 the ,gallican clergy met in ,paris1 and adopted the following point3 ,that the ,pope has no power1 of ,divine right1 to interfere with the temporal affairs of independent ,states4 ,thus1 the ,catholics of ,louisiana rejecting the doctrine of the temporal power of the ,pope1 are not proscribed by the ,american party4 ,they constitute a sound portion of the ,american party4 ,mr4 ,lathrop1 a ,presbyterian ,elder1 and a ,delegate from ,louisiana1 read to the ,convention from the ritual of the subordinate organizations of the ,american party of ,louisiana1 and showed that1 while it admitted those to membership who professed the ,roman ,catholic religion1 ,,it ,,required ,,of ,,them ,,the ,,denial ,,of ,,allegiance ,,to ,,any ,,temporal ,,authority ,,not ,,cognizable ,,in ,,the ,,state ,,and ,,united ,,states ,,constitutions2 and from each secured a pledge1 ,,upon ,,oath1 that they would not divulge the secrets of the ,order6 ,he defended the ,louisiana ,catholics1 as being true ,americans1 recognizing no civil or spiritual power in their ,priests1 and resisting every attempt1 whether by a ,bishop or ,priest1 to interfere with the institutions of our country4 ,he cited cases which had occurred in ,louisiana1 of controversies between the ,clergy and ,laity1 for the control of ,church property1 and the decisions of courts over which ,gallican ,catholic ,judges presided1 in favor of titles and control vesting in ,trustees1 the ,laity4 ,he showed that the native ,catholics of ,louisiana were the friends of common schools1 and the advocates of popular education4 ,he proclaimed aloud that the native ,catholics of his ,state recognized no persons as proper depositaries of office1 who acknowledged an allegiance to any person1 civil or ecclesiastical1 superior to that of the laws and ,constitution of our country4 ,he proclaimed that the ,nuncios of the ,pope of ,rome hated these ,louisiana ,catholics1 with a more perfect hatred than they did the apostle heretics called ,protestants6 ,this speech was received with unbounded applause1 the question was called1 and1 as we have before stated1 it was sanctioned1 very properly too1 by a vote of #fg to #ej6 ,the ,american party not only advocate religious toleration1 but religious liberty1 which is a very different thing4 ,toleration is not the word in our vocabulary--it does not express enough1 because it implies the right to permit or prohibit4 ,we contend for ,,liberty1 the meaning of which is1 that men are not responsible to each other1 to ,popes1 ,bishops1 or ,priests1 for their religious opinions or practices1 and that consequently religion is not a subject of toleration4 ,the ,catholics1 proper1 have taken an oath of allegiance to the ,pope of ,rome1 a foreign prince1 potentate1 and power1 and their obligations to him are higher1 more sacred1 and more binding1 than any obligations they can take upon them to support the laws and ,constitution of this country4 ,these are the men that we refuse to vote for1 or put in office4 ,they are not and cannot be true ,americans4 ,the oaths of the priests bind them to war upon all ,protestant sects1 and upon all ,republican powers of ,government4 ,these oaths bind them to the foot of the ,papal ,throne2 and with these oaths upon their souls1 they cannot be true citizens of this ,republic without perjury4 ,and if guilty of perjury1 the ,state prison should be their residence4 ,in our next1 we shall consider this subject more at length1 in connection with the oath of allegiance to our country1 and the ,catholic evasion of that oath4 ,,the ,,catholic ,,question--,no4 #b4 ,ambiguous terms in swearing--,the case of ,judge ,gaston--,temporal power of the ,pope--,catholic authorities in ,europe--,the spirit of the ,catholic press in ,america6 ,we are told by the ,democratic sympathizers with the ,catholics1 that all ,catholic emigrants to this country take an oath of allegiance to the ,united ,states upon becoming naturalized4 ,yes1 they do1 and the oath after it is taken1 has no more weight with them1 than has a regular-built ,know ,nothing speech4 ,here is a paragraph from ,,sanchez1 the highest authority in the ,catholic ,church1 ,pope ,pius only excepted4 ,this writer1 by authority1 shows how this oath of allegiance is evaded by a mental reservation3 ,it is lawful to use ambiguous terms to give the impression a different sense from that which you understand yourself4 ,a person may take an oath that he has not done such a thing1 though in fact he has1 by saying to himself it was not done on a certain day1 or before he was born1 or by any other similar circumstances1 which gives another meaning to it4 ,this is extremely convenient1 and always very just1 when necessary to your health1 honor or prosperity4 ,here1 then1 we have it from the highest ,catholic authority1 that ,catholics are absolved from all allegiance to this government1 because they take the oath of allegiance without committing perjury1 by the holy process of a mental reservation--the use of ambiguous terms1 setting forth one thing while they swear another6 ,we have no doubt that ,chief ,justice ,,taney1 a devoted ,catholic of ,baltimore1 and now at the head of the ,supreme ,court of the ,united ,states1 took his oath of office requiring him to support the ,constitution1 with this same mental reservation4 ,we have no doubt that those ,catholic ,judges upon the ,federal ,bench in several ,states in the ,union1 and those ,catholic ,attorney ,generals1 appointed to office by ,mr4 ,pierce1 so understood their oaths of office1 and of allegiance6 ,and the practice of ,post-,master ,general ,campbell1 a bigoted ,catholic1 and a member of the order of ,jesuits1 proves that he so understood his oath to support the ,constitution4 ,as true ,catholics1 they are bound to swear with this mental reservation1 because they could not owe allegiance to a government of heretics1 such as they believe ours to be4 ,as ,catholics1 they are bound to overthrow our ,constitution1 and aid in the destruction of our government4 ,it is a matter of history that when the ,legislature of ,north ,carolina elected ,judge ,,gaston to the ,supreme ,bench in that ,state1 he hesitated as to whether he would take the oath or not4 ,and why8 ,he was1 although an able man1 and in all the private relations of life a most excellent man1 a decided and devoted ,roman ,catholic4 ,this is not all4 ,the oath of a ,judge in that ,state1 which is not common in other ,states1 requires the man taking it to avow his belief in the ,protestant religion4 ,judge ,gaston asked for a few days to consider--he went instantly to ,baltimore1 as was believed1 to consult the ,catholic ,bishop1 who then resided there--obtained a dispensation1 as was supposed--wrote back that he would accept the office--returned1 was qualified1 and to the day of his death was on the ,bench6 ,this affair illustrates ,romanism4 ,and what ,rome was1 she is1 and always will be4 ,can ,rome change8 ,can the ,ethiopian change his skin1 or the leopard his spots8 ,here is what ,philopater1 an approved ,catholic authority of the first grade1 says1 touching the principle in controversy3 ,all theologians and ecclesiastical lawyers affirm that every ,christian government1 as soon as it openly abandons the ,romish faith1 is instantly degraded from all power and dignity3 all the subjects are absolved from the oath of fidelity and obedience which they have taken1 and they may and ought1 if they have the power1 to drive such government from every ,christian ,state1 as an apostate1 heretic1 and deserter from ,jesus ,christ4 ,this certain and indubitable decision of all the most learned men is perfectly conformed to the most apostolic doctrines4 ,our ,locofoco advocates of ,romanism deny that the ,pope lays claim to the supremacy charged by the ,american party4 ,on this point1 we desire that the ,catholics may speak for themselves4 ,one of their standard writers1 ,,farraris1 in his ,ecclesiastical ,dictionary1 a work endorsed by their ,council of ,bishops and ,cardinals1 under the article headed ,pope1 uses this emphatic and expressive language3 ,the ,pope is of such dignity and highness1 that he is not simply man1 but1 as it were1 ,god1 and the vicar of ,god4 ,hence the ,pope is such supreme and sovereign dignity1 that1 properly speaking1 he is not merely constituted in dignity1 but is rather placed on the very summit of dignities4 ,hence1 also1 the ,pope is rather father of fathers1 and he alone can use this name1 because he only can be called father of fathers3 since he possesses the primacy over all1 is truly greater than all1 and the greatest of all4 ,he is called most holy1 because he is presumed to be such4 ,on account of the excellency of his supreme dignity1 he is called bishop of bishops1 ordinary of ordinaries1 universal bishop of the ,church1 bishop of diocesan1 of the whole world1 divine monarch1 supreme emperor1 and king of kings4 ,,peter ,,dens1 of ,maynooth ,college notoriety1 whose ,theology is the highest ,catholic authority known this side of the ,vatican at ,rome1 gives entire the ,bull of ,pope ,sixtus ,v4 against the ,king of ,navarre and the ,prince of ,conde1 whom he styles the sons of wrath4 ,in this ,bull1 issued in the year #aehe1 he says3 ,the authority given to ,saint ,peter and his successors1 by the immense power of the eternal ,king1 excels all the power of earthly kings and princes4 ,it passeth uncontrollable sentence upon them all4 ,and if it find any of them resisting ,god's obedience1 it takes more severe vengeance on them1 casting them down from their thrones1 however powerful they may be1 and tumbling them down to the lowest parts of the earth1 as the ministers of aspiring ,lucifer4 ,here is what ,daniel ,o',connell said so late as #ahdc1 and he was a true ,catholic and a true exponent of this faith3 ,you should do all in your power to carry out the intentions of ,his ,holiness the ,pope4 ,where you have the electoral franchise1 give your votes to none but those who will assist you in so holy a struggle4 ,i declare my most unequivocal submission to the ,head of the ,church1 and to the hierarchy in its different orders4 ,if the ,bishop makes a declaration on this bill1 ,i never would be heard speaking against it1 but would submit at once unequivocally to that decision4 ,they have only to decide1 and ,i close my mouth3 they have only to determine1 and ,i obey4 ,i wish it to be understood that such is the duty of all ,catholics4--,daniel ,o',connell1 #ahdc4 ,here comes one of the ,pope's organs in ,france3 ,a heretic1 examined and convicted by the ,church1 used to be delivered over to the secular power and punished with death4 ,nothing has ever appeared to us more necessary4 ,more than one hundred thousand persons perished in consequence of the heresy of ,wickliffe2 a still greater number for that of ,john ,huss2 and it would not be possible to calculate the bloodshed caused by ,luther2 and it is not yet over4--,paris ,univers4 ,as for myself1 what ,i regret1 ,i frankly own1 is that they did not burn ,john ,huss sooner1 and that they did not likewise burn ,luther2 this happened because there was not found some prince sufficiently politic to stir up a crusade against ,protestants4--,paris ,univers4 ,but here is the ,pope himself arguing with the authorities already quoted3 ,the absurd or erroneous doctrines or ravings in defence of liberty of conscience1 is a most pestilential error--a pest1 of all others1 most to be dreaded in a ,state4--,encyclical ,letter of ,pope ,pius ,,ix41 ,aug4 #ae1 #aheb4 ,now1 let us hear their organs in our own country3 ,heresy and unbelief are crimes1 and in ,christian countries1 like ,italy and ,spain for instance1 where all the people are ,catholics1 and where the ,christian religion is an essential part of the law of the land1 they are punished as other crimes4--,r4 ,c4 ,archbishop of ,st4 ,louis4 ,for our own part1 we take this opportunity of expressing our hearty delight at the suppression of the ,protestant chapel at ,rome4 ,this may be thought intolerant1 but when1 we would ask1 did we ever profess to be tolerant of ,protestantism1 or favor the doctrine that ,protestantism ought to be tolerated8 ,on the contrary1 we hate ,protestantism--we detest it with our whole heart and soul1 and we pray that our aversion to it may never decrease4 ,we hold it meet that in the ,eternal ,city no worship repugnant to ,god should be tolerated1 and we are sincerely glad that the enemies of truth are no longer allowed to meet together in the capital of the ,christian world4--,pittsburg ,catholic ,visitor1 #ahdh4 ,no good government can exist without religion2 and there can be no religion without an ,inquisition1 which is wisely designed for the promotion and protection of the true faith4--,boston ,pilot4 ,you ask1 if he 7the ,pope7 were lord in the land1 and you were in a minority1 if not in numbers1 yet in power1 what would he do to you8 ,that1 we say1 would entirely depend on circumstances4 ,if it would benefit the cause of ,catholicism1 he would tolerate you--if expedient1 he would imprison you--banish you--possibly1 hang you--but be assured of one thing1 he would never tolerate you for the sake of the 'glorious principles' of civil and religious liberty4--,rambler4 ,protestantism of every form has not and never can have any rights where ,catholicity is triumphant4--,brownson's ,quarterly ,review4 ,let us dare to assert the truth in the face of the lying world1 and1 instead of pleading for our ,church at the bar of the ,state1 summon the ,state itself to plead at the bar of the ,church1 its divinely constituted judge4--,ibid4 ,i never think of publishing any thing in regard to the ,church without submitting my articles to the ,bishop for inspection1 approval1 and endorsement4--,ibid4 ,in view of the foregoing1 and other facts and arguments which we will hereafter present1 we cannot be mistaken in our views of ,roman ,catholicism4 ,we cannot tamely surrender our dearest rights as ,protestants1 without a struggle4 ,we cannot cry peace1 peace1 when there is no peace6 ,protestantism1 of every kind1 ,catholicity inserts in her catalogue of moral sins2 she endures it when and where she must2 but she hates it1 and directs all her energies to effect its destruction4--,st4 ,louis ,shepherd of the ,valley4 ,religious liberty1 in the sense of a liberty possessed by every man to choose his religion1 is one of the most wretched delusions ever foisted on this age by the father of deceit4--,the ,rambler1 #ahec4 ,the ,church is of necessity intolerant4 ,heresy she endures when and where she must1 but she hates it1 and directs all her energies to its destruction4 ,if ,catholics ever gain an immense numerical majority in this country1 religious freedom is at an end4 ,so say our enemies4 ,so say we4--,shepherd of the ,valley4 ,the liberty of heresy and unbelief is not a right4444 ,all the rights the sects have1 or can have1 are derived from the ,state1 and rest on expediency4 ,as they have1 in their character of sects hostile to the true religion1 no rights under the law of nature or the law of ,god1 they are neither wronged nor deprived of liberty1 if the ,state refuses to grant them any rights at all4--,brownson's ,review1 ,oct41 #ahec1 p4 #def4 ,the sorriest sight to us is a ,catholic throwing up his cap1 and shouting1 ',all hail1 ,democracy6'--,ibid1 ,october1 #aheb1 pp4 #eed-h4 ,we think the 'masses' were never less happy1 less respectable1 and less respected1 than they have been since the reformation1 and particularly within the last fifty or one hundred years1 since ,lord ,brougham caught the mania of teaching them to read and communicate the disease to a large proportion of the ,english nation2 of which1 in spite of all our talk1 we are often the servile imitators4--,shepherd of the ,valley1 ,oct4 #bb1 #ahec4 ,,the ,,catholic ,,question--,no4 #c4 ,the ,catholic ,church supreme over all authorities--,meddling in ,political ,contests--,brownson's ,review and the ,boston ,pilot reflecting the sentiments of that ,church--,protestants advocating ,romanism--,the ,nashville ,union in #ahce4 ,the ,anti-,american1 ,foreign-loving1 ,catholic admirers of the ,locofoco school of politics1 everywhere seek to frighten native ,protestant citizens with the bugbear cry of religious proscription4 ,but let ,americans and ,protestants watch with increased vigilance both the ,roman and ,locofoco ,jesuits around them4 ,to call the damnable and accursed system of political intrigue practised for past centuries by the ,roman ,church by the term ,religion1 is a solemn mockery of the hallowed word4 ,religion teaches love and obedience to ,god1 and the legally constituted authorities of the country4 ,romanism teaches fear of and obedience to a crowned potentate called the ,pope1 and opposition to all ,protestant governments1 as worthy to be cast down to hell6 ,the one tends to free and ennoble the soul3 the other to enslave and debauch every faculty of man's nature which likens him to the ,almighty6 ,the one is republican3 the other is barbaric1 and at war with every principle of free government6 ,the ,american party does oppose and denounce ,romanism as a political system at war with ,american institutions2 and we here ask candid men to weigh the evidence we shall adduce to sustain this charge4 ,we shall quote none other than ,roman ,catholic authority--the organs of ,romanism--so as out of their own mouths to condemn them4 ,brownson's ,review is the accredited organ of ,romanism in the ,united ,states4 ,he ostentatiously parades the names of the ,archbishops and ,bishops on the cover of his ,review1 to give it the stamp of authority1 and asserts in the work3 ,i ,,never ,,think ,,of ,,publishing ,,any ,,thing ,,in ,,regard ,,to ,,the ,,church ,,without ,,submitting ,,my ,,articles ,,to ,,the ,,bishop ,,for ,,inspection1 ,,approval1 ,,and ,,endorsement4 ,let us then look to his pages for an exposition of the doctrines of his ,church4 ,in the ,january number for #ahec1 he says3 ,for every ,catholic at least1 the ,church is the supreme judge of the extent and limits of her power4 ,she can be judged by no one2 and this of itself implies her absolute supremacy1 and that the temporal order must receive its laws from her4 ,the uniform practice of the ,church of ,rome has been1 and still is1 to assert her power--not in words1 but in deeds--to ,,give ,,or ,,take ,,away ,,crowns--to depose ungodly rulers1 and to absolve their subjects from their horrible ,,oaths ,,of ,,allegiance6 ,again1 in the ,july number for #ahec1 ,brownson says3 ,the ,church is supreme1 and you have no power except what you hold in subordination to her1 either in spirituals or in temporals4444 ,you no more have political than ecclesiastical independence4 ,the ,church alone1 under ,god1 is independent1 and she defines both your powers and hers4 ,they have heard it said from their youth up that the ,church has nothing to do with politics2 that she has received no mission in regard to the political order4 ,in opposing the nonjuring bishops and priests1 they believed they were only asserting their national rights as men1 or as the ,state1 and were merely resisting the unwarrantable assumption of the spiritual power4 ,if they had been distinctly taught that the political authority is always subordinate to the spiritual1 and had grown up in the doctrine that the nation is not competent to define1 in relation to the ecclesiastical power1 its own rights--that the ,church defines both its powers and her own1 and that though the nation may be1 and ought to be1 independent in relation to other nations1 it has1 and can have1 no independence in the face of the ,church1 the kingdom of ,god on earth3 they would have seen at a glance that support of the civil authority against the spiritual1 no matter in what manner1 was the renunciation of their faith as ,catholics1 and the actual or virtual assertion of the supremacy of the temporal power4 ,in the same number1 page #cja1 he says3 ,she 7the ,church7 has the right to judge who has1 or has not1 according to the law of ,god1 the right to reign3 whether the prince has1 by his infidelity1 his misdeeds1 his tyranny and oppression1 forfeited his trust1 and lost his right to the allegiance of his subjects2 and therefore whether they are still held to their allegiance1 or are released from it by the law of ,god4 ,if she have the right to judge1 she has the right to pronounce judgment1 and order its execution3 therefore to pronounce sentence of deposition upon the prince who has forfeited his right to reign1 and to declare his subjects absolved from their allegiance to him1 and free to elect themselves a new sovereign4 ,we might multiply authorities of this kind on this point1 to an almost indefinite extent1 from the debate between ,bishop ,hughes and ,mr4 ,breckenridge1 and the controversy between ,hughes and ,erastus ,brooks1 but it is wholly unnecessary4 ,as early as #ahdd1 the ,catholics took their stand as a body in the arena of political strife2 and the illustrious ,,clay and the virtuous ,,frelinghuysen were the victims of their particular hostility4 ,mr4 ,frelinghuysen was the ,president of the ,board of ,foreign ,missions1 and this was made the excuse for the bitter animosity of the ,catholic press1 and of the clergy and membership of the ,catholic sect1 against ,mr4 ,clay4 ,brownson1 in his ,july number for #ahdd1 in the very heat of the contest1 thus assailed ,mr4 ,clay3 ,he is ambitious1 but short-sighted4 ,he is abashed by no inconsistency1 disturbed by no contradiction1 and can defend1 with a firm countenance1 without the least misgiving1 what everybody but himself sees to be a political fallacy or logical absurdity4444 ,he is no more disturbed by being convinced of moral insensibility1 than intellectual absurdity4444 ,a man of rare abilities1 but apparently void of both moral and intellectual conscience4444 ,he is1 therefore1 a man whom no power under that of the ,almighty can restrain2 he must needs be the most dangerous man to be placed at the head of affairs it is possible to conceive4 ,the ,boston ,pilot1 another ,catholic organ1 published under the eye of the ,bishop1 discloses the same plot1 in its issue for the #cast of ,october1 #ahdd1 only six days before the election6 ,here is what this organ said3 ,we say to all men in the ,united ,states1 entitled to be naturalized1 become citizens while you can--let nothing delay you for an hour--let no hindrance1 short of mortal disease1 banish you from the ballot-box4 ,to those who are citizens1 we say1 vote your principles1 whatever they may be--never desert them--do not be wheedled or terrified--but vote quietly1 and unobtrusively4 ,leave to others the noisy warfare of words4 ,let your opinions be proved by your deliberate and determined action4 ,we recommend you to no party2 we condemn no candidate but one1 and he is ,theodore ,frelinghuysen4 ,we have nothing to say to him as a ,whig--we have nothing to say to ,mr4 ,clay or any other ,whig1 as such--but to the ,president of the ,american ,board of ,foreign ,missions1 the friend and patron of the ,kirks and ,cones1 we have much to say4 ,we hate his intolerance--we dislike his associates--and shudder at the blackness and bitterness of that school of sectarians to which he belongs1 and amongst whom he is regarded as an authority4 ,protestants6 do you hear that8 ,old ,line ,whigs6 do you hear that8 ,if so1 do you think that ,americans are warring upon civil and religious liberty1 when they take an oath that they will rebuke such infamous sentiments8 ,these appeals of ,brownson1 ,hughes1 and the ,pilot1 had the effect to defeat the ,clay ticket in ,new ,york1 and that ,state lost him his election4 ,the ,catholics were all at the polls1 and voted for ,polk and ,dallas4 ,on the #ith of ,november1 #ahdd1 ,frelinghuysen wrote to ,mr4 ,clay as follows3 ,more than #c1jjj1 it is confidently said1 have been naturalized in this city 7,new ,york7 alone since the first of ,october4 ,it is an alarming fact that this foreign vote has decided the great questions of ,american policy1 and contracted a nation's gratitude4 ,and after they achieved the victory of #ahdd1 ,brownson came out with this avowal3 ,heretofore we have taken our politics from one or another of the parties which divide the country1 and have suffered the enemies of our religion to impose their political doctrine upon us2 but it is time for us to begin to teach the country itself those moral and political doctrines which flow from the teachings of our own ,church4 ,we are at home here1 wherever we may have been born2 this is our country1 and as it is to become ,,thoroughly ,,catholic1 we have a deeper interest in public affairs than any other of our citizens4 ,the sects are only for a day2 the ,church for ever4 ,when ,gen4 ,cass made his speech in the ,senate1 in #aheb1 in favor of free worship and the rights of conscience for ,americans abroad1 reflecting on the ,catholics by name1 ,brownson came out in his ,october number1 and said3 ,we are glad to see ,gen4 ,cass laid on the shelf1 for we can never support a man who turns radical in his old age4 ,in the same number1 ,brownson continues3 ,the sorriest sight to us is a ,catholic throwing up his cap and shouting1 ',all hail1 ,democracy6' ,this too at the very time he was supporting the ,democratic party in the ,presidential contest6 ,he would sooner have heard the cry1 ,all hail1 ,catholicism6 and he was only using ,democracy as an instrument to advance his primary wish6 ,we offer no comments on the foregoing extracts1 of our own1 but leave every reader to judge for himself4 ,the price of liberty is eternal vigilance4 ,we apply the remark to religious as well as civil liberty4 ,all we ask of the people is to be vigilant4 ,do not support men at the ballot-box who are in league with these enemies of our ,republic1 and of the ,protestant religion6 ,behold the enemy is at our gates6 ,a foreign priest has been lecturing here in ,knoxville1 within the last ten days1 avowing sentiments similar to these1 and claiming that this country would ultimately become a ,catholic country6 ,the crisis is approaching6 ,rouse up1 ,americans1 and hasten to your country's salvation6 ,not a moment is to be lost6 ,,god ,,and ,,our ,,country1 must be the watchword of every ,christian and patriot1 of every political party in the land4 ,america expects us all to do our duty6 ,and is there no cause for alarm8 ,eighteen months ago1 a ,protestant minister1 ,baptist1 ,methodist1 or ,presbyterian1 might expose ,romanism1 and warn his congregation against its corrupting influences1 for hours at a time--come down out of his pulpit1 and his congregation would1 without distinction of party1 say1 ,well done1 good and faithful servant6 ,but let him now dare allude to ,romanism--he offends one-half of his congregation--he is preaching politics--they will hear him no more2 or forsooth1 which is more common1 they will withhold his support and starve him out6 ,are not these signs alarming8 ,but here in ,tennessee1 ,protestant ,tennessee1 on the #aeth of ,may1 #ahee1 the ,nashville ,daily ,union1 the organ of the self-styled ,democratic party1 came out at the ,capital of the ,state with this daring broadside against the ,protestant clergy and their religion3 ,a ,church that can boast of an existence of thirteen centuries--passing through all the various vicissitudes of her eventful career unscathed1 can certainly show1 with all her atrocious barbarity1 many bright spots which may be placed in favorable contrast with the ,protestant ,church1 with its thousand and one wrangling sects4 ,men are beginning to see through the transparent gauze that veils this ,know-,nothing movement4 ,they are beginning to ask ',what has ,protestantism done for the world8 ,what has she done to alleviate and elevate the down-trodden8 ,is the race any better off for having accepted her faith8 ,,these ,,reverend ,,hypocrites--these scribes and pharisees1 are treading on a terrible volcano4 ,they will find their treasonable schemes and infernal plotting against the liberties of man tried and condemned by the pure light of ,god's own truth and love1 which shines and throbs in every pulsation of humanity's heart4 ,if ,protestantism prove recreant to her high trust1 she will have to pass the ordeal of enlightened public opinion and be consigned to her merited obscurity4 ,popery1 with all its crimes against ,god and man1 adapts itself to the times and to the circumstances1 and thus saves itself from being absorbed in the mass of conflicting elements4 ,,the ,,catholic ,,question--,no4 #d4 ,a ,catholic ,priest the ,minister from the ,rivas-,walker ,government--,nicaragua1 ,texas1 and ,gen4 ,jackson--,bishop ,hughes and ,orestes ,brownson--,buchanan bidding for the ,catholic vote--,a4 ,h4 ,stephens1 of ,georgia--,lord ,baltimore and ,religious ,toleration4 ,three months ago1 ,,parker ,h4 ,,french arrived in ,washington1 as the ,representative of the ,walker ,government of ,nicaragua--an ,american-born citizen and a ,protestant--but the ,government declined to recognize him1 upon the ground that ,walker's ,government was not established even de facto4 ,since then1 our ,government has recognized ,walker's ,government1 and endorsed his war upon ,costa ,rica1 although the former objection of our ,government lies with as much force against such recognition now as it did three months ago4 ,that the approach of the ,cincinnati ,convention1 and the importance of conciliating the ,young ,american wing1 and the ,filibustering division of the ,democratic party1 had great influence in producing this recognition1 there can be no sort of doubt4 ,but a still more palpable reason why this ,government gave its sanction to the ,rivas-,walker ,government is1 that ,,padre ,,vijil1 the second ,minister sent here1 is a ,,roman ,,catholic ,,priest1 and a shrewd ,spaniard--better understands the influences that prevail at ,washington4 ,when we remember that a ,roman ,catholic1 and a member of the ,order of ,jesuits1 is a member of ,pierce's ,cabinet1 the ,postmaster-,general--and when we remember that ,democracy now1 without the ,catholic-,foreign vote1 is almost a nullity in the ,united ,states1 we have a clear solution of this preference given the ,spanish priest1 ,,padre ,,vijil1 over the ,american citizen1 but a few weeks afterwards6 ,as a sign of the times1 the fact is one worthy of note4 ,it shows1 at least1 that when ,protestantism cannot prevail with the ,administration of ,pierce1 ,roman ,catholicism can2 and that hence1 when we proclaim the power of the ,pope1 even in ,america1 we but utter demonstrable facts4 ,romanism is even carrying ,democracy from all its old wayside land-marks4 ,in ,december1 #ahcf1 ,,gen4 ,,jackson sent a special message to the ,senate of the ,united ,states1 in relation to a proposition to recognize the new ,government of ,texas1 and he gave reasons against it1 which are exactly applicable to this ,rivas-,walker affair3 ,upon the issue1 he says1 of this threatened invasion by ,mexico1 the independence of ,texas may be considered as suspended2 and were there nothing peculiar in the relative situation of the ,united ,states and ,texas1 our acknowledgments of its independence at such a crisis could scarcely be considered as consistent with that prudent reserve with which we have heretofore held ourselves bound to treat all similar questions4 ,the existing ,government of ,nicaragua is in a far more critical condition now than that of ,texas was in #ahcf1 when ,gen4 ,jackson went on to say3 ,it becomes us to beware of a too early movement1 as it might subject us1 however unjustly1 to the imputation of seeking to establish the claim of our neighbors to a territory1 with a view to its subsequent acquisition by ourselves4 ,prudence1 therefore1 seems to dictate that we should still stand aloof1 and maintain our present attitude1 if not until ,mexico itself1 or one of the great foreign powers1 shall recognize the independence of the new ,government1 at least until the lapse of time or the course of events shall have proved1 beyond cavil or dispute1 the ability of the people of that country to maintain their separate sovereignty1 and to uphold the ,government constituted by them4 ,neither of the contending parties can justly complain of this course4 ,by pursuing it1 we are but carrying out the long-established policy of our ,government--a policy which has secured to us respect and influence abroad1 and inspired confidence at home4 ,but ,romanism is rapidly leading ,democracy to the ,devil6 ,archbishop ,hughes--the head and front of the ,papal ,hierarchy in this country--has openly declared the grand aim and object of the ,catholic ,church is ,,to ,,make ,,rome ,,the ,,district ,,of ,,columbia ,,for ,,the ,,whole ,,world6 ,this same ,archbishop is now engaged in raising an immense fund1 for the avowed purpose of ,,establishing ,a ,,college ,,in ,,rome1 for the education of a high order of ,priests and ,jesuits for the ,united ,states2 the ,roman ,pontiff deeming the education of ,priests defective if obtained in this land of liberty6 ,this same ,archbishop ,hughes has now actively enlisted for the ,presidential contest1 for #ahef1 in order1 to use his own language1 ,,to ,,break ,,the ,,spinal ,,cord ,,of ,,the ,,american ,,party4 ,the ,irish ,catholic vote is to be fused with the ,black ,republicans in the ,north1 to prevent the success of the ,fillmore ticket1 and the ,irish and ,german ,catholic vote is to be cast for ,democracy in the ,south and ,north-,west--the ,archbishop stipulating for special legislation for ,rome1 and for promoting this mammoth college6 ,,orestes ,,brownson1 a leading ,catholic authority1 and the editor of ,archbishop ,hughes's organ--one of the most zealous as well as able advocates of ,romanism in ,america--declares3 ,,the ,,pope ,,is ,,my ,,interpreter ,,of ,,the ,,constitution ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states6 ,the ,supreme ,court at ,washington is subordinate to the ,vatican1 situated at the foot of one of the seven hills upon which ,rome is built6 ,through the influence of the ,jesuit who is a member of ,pierce's cabinet1 the ,papal ,nuncio1 who was sent from ,rome two years ago1 clothed with foreign authority1 was received by our government at ,washington1 and sent around the lakes to the ,north-,west at government expense2 and allowed to adjudicate upon a secular question ,,affecting ,,territorial ,,jurisdiction in the great ,state of ,new ,york6 ,mr4 ,buchanan1 one of the several candidates before the ,cincinnati ,convention for the ,presidential nomination1 said1 in a public speech in ,baltimore1 just before the meeting of that ,convention1 by way of bidding for the ,catholic vote3 ,in the age of religious bigotry and intolerance1 ,lord ,baltimore was the first legislator who proclaimed the sacred rights of conscience1 and established for the government of his colony the principle1 not merely of toleration1 but perfect religious freedom and equality among all sects of ,christians4 ,lord ,baltimore was a ,catholic2 and with a view to enlist the same influence1 ,,hon4 ,,alexander ,h4 ,,stephens1 of ,georgia1 sent forth a published speech last summer1 from which we make the following extract3 ,the ,catholic colony of ,maryland1 organized under the auspices of ,lord ,baltimore1 was the first to establish the principle of free toleration in religious worship on this continent4 ,the ,colony of ,maryland afforded protection to all persecuted sects4 ,now1 in order to judge of ,mr4 ,buchanan's perfect religious freedom and equality1 and ,mr4 ,stephens's principle of free toleration1 let us examine an ,act passed ,april #ba1 #afdi1 when ,lord ,baltimore was in the zenith of his power3 ,denying the ,holy ,trinity is to be punished with death1 and confiscation of land and goods to the ,lord ,proprietary 7,lord ,baltimore himself67 ,persons using any reproachful words concerning the ,blessed ,virgin ,mary1 or the ,holy ,apostles or ,evangelists1 to be fined #e1 or in default of payment to be publicly whipped and imprisoned1 at the pleasure of his ,lordship1 7,lord ,baltimore himself67 or of his ,lieutenant-,general4 ,see ,laws of ,maryland at large1 by ,t4 ,bacon1 ,a4 ,d4 #agfe4 #af and #ag ,cecilius's ,lord ,baltimore4 ,s4 ,f4 ,,streeter1 ,esq41 of ,baltimore1 is the author of a work entitled ,maryland two hundred years ago4 ,in this work1 at page #bf1 ,mr4 ,streeter says3 ,the policy of ,lord ,baltimore1 in regard to religious matters in his colony1 has1 in some particulars at least1 been misapprehended and therefore misstated4 ,the assertion has long passed uncontradicted1 that toleration was promised to the colonists in the first conditions of plantation2 that the rights of conscience were recognized in a law passed by the first assembly held in the colony2 and that the principal officers from the year #afcf or '#cg1 bound themselves by on oath not to molest on account of his religion any one professing to believe in ,jesus ,christ4 ,i can find no authority for any of these statements4 ,lord ,baltimore's first and earlier conditions of plantation breathe not a word on the subject of religion3 no act recognizing the principle of toleration was passed in the first or in any following assembly1 until fifteen years after the first settlement1 at which time 7#afdi7 a ,protestant had been appointed ,governor1 and a majority of the ,burgesses were of the same faith2 and when1 for the first time1 a clause involving a promise not to molest any person professing to believe in ,jesus ,christ1 the words and particularly a ,roman ,catholic1 were inserted by the direction of ,lord ,baltimore in the official oath4 ,mc,mahon1 the tried friend of ,lord ,baltimore1 speaking on this same subject1 says3 ,the proprietary dominion 7,lord ,b4's7 had never known that hour1 7when there was opportunity to persecute47 ,the ,protestant religion was the established religion of the mother country1 and any effort on the part of the ,proprietary 7,lord ,b47 to oppress its followers would have drawn down destruction on his government4 ,the great body of the colonists were themselves ,protestants1 and1 by their number and their participation in the government1 they were fully equal to their own protection1 and too powerful for the ,proprietaries in the event of an open collision4 ,thus it will be seen that in ,maryland1 as everywhere else1 in all past ages1 so far as toleration is concerned1 it was granted to ,catholics--never by them4 ,,the ,,catholic ,,question--,no4 #e4 ,popish aims at supremacy--,avowals by distinguished ,catholics--,the order of ,jesuits--,startling disclosures and authentic references6--,the strength of ,romanism in the ,united ,states6 ,the ,romish hierarchy aims at supremacy in the ,church and the ,state4 ,it is nothing more nor less than a great political system1 arrogating to itself the right to sway the spiritual and temporal concerns of men--a right it claims to have derived from ,god1 and that therefore the ,romish ,church is above all1 and may rule all4 ,hence the conspiracy against our government emanating from the ,vatican1 and planned by the ,pope1 his ,cardinals and ,bishops1 in the late grand council at ,rome6 ,they there and then resolved on affecting the objects of the ,leopold ,foundation1 established in ,vienna1 ,may #ac1 #ahbi1 to support ,catholic missionaries in the ,united ,states4 ,every member of this ,society--and its branches are numerous1 being scattered over the whole earth--agrees to offer prayers daily to ,st4 ,leopold1 and every week to contribute as much as a crucifix4 ,the valley of the ,mississippi has been surveyed and mapped by the ,jesuits1 under the directions of the ,vatican1 and ,popish ,cardinals in ,europe are boasting of the certainty of their subjecting this land of freedom at no distant day to papal supremacy6 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,,james1 an eminent clergyman of ,england1 says3 ,the ,church of ,rome has determined to compensate herself for her losses in the old world1 by her conquest in the new4 ,hence1 too1 a ,papal editor in ,europe conducting a ,catholic organ1 and advising vigorous measures for the extension of ,papal power1 says3 ,we must make haste--the moments are precious--,america may become the centre of civilization4 ,the ,rev4 ,dr4 ,reze1 of ,detroit1 a priest of distinction1 who is now in custody at ,rome1 a few years since1 writing from ,michigan to his master1 the ,pope1 says3 ,we shall see the truth triumph--the temple of idols overthrown--the seat of falsehood brought to silence--and all the ,united ,states embraced in the same faith of that ,catholic ,church1 wherein dwell truth and temporal happiness4 ,a ,catholic priest in ,indiana told a ,protestant minister1 an able ,methodist clergyman1 in a controversy1 ,the time will come when ,catholics will make ,protestants wade knee-deep in blood in the valley of the ,mississippi6 ,bishop ,england1 one of their master-spirits in this country1 in a letter to the ,pope written from ,charleston1 and which was so good that his ,holiness caused it to be published1 said3 ,within thirty years1 the ,protestant heresy will come to an end4 ,if we can secure the ,west and ,south1 we will take care of ,new ,england4 ,this same dignitary said to his brethren at ,vienna in that memorable letter1 by way of advice and encouragement3 ,all that is necessary is money and priests1 to subjugate the mock liberties of ,america4 ,the ,jesuits profess to be a more devoted branch of the ,pope's army than any other order4 ,the ,abbe ,de ,pradt1 formerly ,roman ,archbishop at ,malines1 calls them the ,pope's zealous militia3 another correctly calls them the ,pope's body-guard1 organized for the express purpose of defending the ,papal ,see1 and undertaking a spiritual crusade against heretics4 ,pius ,,vii41 in his ,bull of ,august #g1 #ahad1 restablishing the order1 which ,clement ,,xiv4 had suppressed1 says3 ,we would be guilty of a great crime1 if1 amid the dangers threatening the ,papal interests1 and if1 placed in the barque of ,peter1 tossed and assailed by continual storms1 we refused to employ the vigorous and experienced rowers who volunteer their services in order to break the waves of a sea which threatens every moment shipwreck and death4 ,the presumption is1 that these vigorous and experienced rowers who thus volunteer their services1 have some moving principle1 some hidden spring1 which moves with that oneness and constancy under all discouragements4 ,the watch does not show the spring that sets it in motion3 who that looks at its face and observes the movement of the hands will doubt that it is there1 and that they move in proportion to the strength or weakness of that spring8 ,the old ,romans used to swear their soldiers3 the ,roman ,church swears even her private members4 ,read the following from the creed3 ,i solemnly promise1 vow1 and swear true obedience to the ,roman bishop1 c4 ,this true ,catholic faith1 out of which there is no salvation1 c4--,i promise1 vow1 and swear most constantly to hold and profess the same1 whole and entire1 with ,god's assistance1 to the end of my life1 and procure1 as far as lies in my power1 that the same shall be held1 taught1 and preached by all who are under me1 c4 ,i also profess and undoubtedly receive all other things delivered1 defined1 and declared by the sacred canons and general councils1 and particularly by the holy ,council of ,trent2 and1 likewise1 ,i also condemn1 reject1 and anathematize all things contrary thereto1 and all heresies whatsoever1 condemned1 rejected1 and anathematized by the ,church4 ,the ,jesuits are more strict1 subservient1 devoted to the ,vatican1 than any other wing of the ,catholic ,church4 ,in the second volume of the constitutions of the ,jesuits1 under the heading of obedience to superiors1 is written3 ,you shall always see ,jesus ,christ in the ,general4 ,you shall obey him in every thing4 ,your obedience shall be boundless in the execution1 in the will and understanding4 ,you shall persuade yourselves that ,god speaks in his mouth3 that when he orders1 ,god himself orders4 ,you shall execute his command immediately1 with joy and with steadiness4 ,you shall be in his hands a dead body1 which he will govern1 move1 place1 displace1 according to his will4 ,under these teachings1 says ,,arnauld1 a student in a college of ,jesuits stated1 on hearing of the implicit obedience of another3 ,i would have done still more4 ,were ,god to order me1 through the voice of my superior1 to put to death father1 mother1 children1 brothers1 and sisters1 ,i would do it with an eye as tearless and a heart as calm as if ,i were seated at the banquet of the ,paschal lamb4 ,andrew ,b4 ,cross1 of ,baltimore1 in a recent publication1 says3 ,as early as #afbd1 the ,university of ,paris charged them with being governed by 'secret laws4' ,in #afdi1 ,palafox1 ,bishop of ,angelopolis1 in his letter to ,innocent ,x41 accuses them of having 'a secret constitution1 hidden privileges1 and concealed laws of their own4' ,what will our ,democratic ,protestant opposers of ,know ,nothing secret lodges say to this8 ,what will our ,democratic advocates of ,popery say to the principles of such an organization1 and to its horrible oaths8 ,but hear the ,roman ,catholic ,king of ,portugal1 in his manifesto to his ,bishops1 in #agei1 only ninety-seven years ago3 ,in order to form the union1 the consistency1 and the strength of the society1 there should be a government not only monarchical1 but so sovereign1 so absolute1 so despotic1 that even the ,provincials themselves should not have it in their power1 by any act of theirs1 to resist or retard the execution of the orders of the ,general4 ,by this legislative1 inviolable and despotic power2 by the profound devotedness of the subjects of this company to mysterious laws with which they are not themselves acquainted2 by the blind and passive obedience with which they are compelled to execute1 without hesitation or reply1 whatever their superiors command1 c4 ,but our ,democratic anti-,know ,nothings not only object to our having formerly kept our ritual concealed1 but especially to our denial of the existence of our organization4 ,let them procure a copy of the secret instructions of the ,jesuits1 styled ,secreta ,monita1 and in the preface they will find these lovely words3 ,the greatest care imaginable must be also taken that these instructions do not fall into the hands of strangers1 c42 if they should1 let it be positively denied that these are the principles of the society1 c4 ,but again3 ,auquetil1 in the fourth volume1 page #ccc1 of his ,history of ,france1 gives an account of the celebrated case of the bankruptcy of the ,rev4 ,father ,jesuit ,la ,valette1 the ,jesuit agent1 for three million francs4 ,their ships had been taken by the ,english2 the bankers in ,marseilles1 who had accepted bills of exchange to the amount of one and a half millions1 required prompt payment4 ,they wrote to ,de ,sacy1 the ,general ,procurator of the ,missions2 he wrote to the ,general at ,rome1 but the ,general died at the same time2 and before a new ,general could be elected1 and an order sent to pay the money1 the ,fathers had become bankrupt1 and suits were instituted4 ,after delay and manoeuvre on their part1 the case came on unexpectedly in #agfj4 ,all the ,jesuits were accused4 ,they tried to lay the guilt upon ,la ,valette1 but the bankers charged that all the ,jesuits were under the ,general1 and ,la ,valette was only agent4 ,in this sad condition they proposed to prove1 according to their constitutions1 that as a society their body possessed nothing1 that all belonged to each college-house1 convent1 c4 ,the proposal of the ,jesuits was accepted4 ,on the #hth of ,may1 #agfa1 after trial1 the ,parliament condemned the ,general and all the society to pay bills1 costs1 damages1 c41 which they did without selling any of their property4 ,it was in this evil hour to the ,jesuits that their constitutions1 which had been acted upon for two hundred years in secret1 were brought to light4 ,rules and constitutions maybe in existence and acted upon1 when it would be impossible to obtain a copy from any one who was sufficiently advanced in the order to be trusted with a copy4 ,it will astonish ,american ,protestants to be told how numerous1 influential1 and strong the ,catholics are in this land of liberty6 ,they have #g archbishops1 #dj bishops1 #agjd priests1 #ahbd churches1 #ba colleges1 #cg ecclesiastical institutions for the education of priests and ,jesuits1 #aag female academies1 all of which are1 in reality1 ,convents4 ,nuns1 priests1 and ,jesuits are the professors1 teachers1 and matrons2 and1 strange to say1 ,protestant young ladies are their chief supporters6 ,the ,romish ,hierarchy is far more numerous in ,protestant ,america1 than in any ,catholic country on earth4 ,their strength in ,america equals what it is in ,ireland1 ,scotland1 and ,england combined6 ,how extensive is this religious organization in our land3 how subtle6 ,its ramifications are all so many arteries1 which receive their life's blood from the heart at ,rome1 and return it there by its regular palpitations6 ,it is now concentrating its arteries at ,washington ,city1 and is promised aid and comfort from the great ,democratic party--a party fast becoming the foe of true liberty1 and of the evangelical ,protestant faith4 ,,the ,,catholic ,,question--,no4 #f4 ,the ,oath of a ,bishop--,oath of a ,priest--,oath of a ,jesuit--,oath of a ,san ,fedisti--,oath of an ,irish ,ribbon-man--,the ,romish ,curse6 ,in this chapter we will exhibit the horrible oaths of the various grades of ,catholics1 from a ,bishop down to a private member--even to the ,irish ,ribbon-men1 thousands of whom swarm the ,united ,states4 ,to these we will add the oath of the ,order of ,san ,fedisti1 an infamous secret society established in ,italy1 and introduced for the first time into this country by that prince of murderers1 ,bedini1 the ,pope's ,nuncio2 who was honored with a steamer at the expense of our government1 ,pierce at its head1 to sail round our northern lakes1 organizing these infamous societies4 ,last of all1 we give the ,,romish ,,curse1 which is in full force and power in all ,catholic countries1 and is even pronounced publicly in our large cities1 upon renegades from the ,catholic faith4 ,these oaths will be found commencing on page #db of ,a ,treatise of the ,pope's ,supremacy4 ,by ,,rev4 ,,isaac ,,barrow1 ,d4 ,d4 ,second ,american ,edition1 #ahdd4 ,by this author1 the ,latin is given and then translated4 ,the same1 in part1 will be found in the debate between ,,mr4 ,,breckenridge1 of the ,presbyterian ,church1 and ,,archbishop ,,hughes1 and by the latter publicly acknowledged to be genuine1 before a ,baltimore audience who heard the discussion6 ,but these particular forms of oaths in question1 which reckless ,catholics and unprincipled ,democrats deny1 were published in ,england by ,archbishop ,usher1 whose correctness and reliability is equal to that of any man4 ,these oaths will be found in a volume entitled ,foxes and ,firebrands1 from a collection of papers by ,archbishop ,usher1 and it is there stated that it remains on record at ,paris1 among the ,society of ,jesus1 and was drawn up in that form to ,,urban ,,viii41 in #afdb1 when he revived the bull of ,pious ,v41 which had slumbered seventy-three years4 ,these oaths1 as published1 contain nothing which is not taught by ,popes and ,councils1 ,priests and ,jesuits4 ,examine these oaths1 and this curse1 and answer us the question1 ,can men taking them1 and subscribing to their doctrines1 make citizens of this ,republic8 ,,oath ,,of ,,the ,,bishops4 ,i1 ,g4 ,n41 elect of the church of ,n41 from henceforth will be faithful and obedient to ,st4 ,peter the ,apostle1 and to the holy ,roman ,church1 and to our lord1 the lord ,n4 ,pope ,n41 and to his successors canonically coming in4 ,i will neither advise1 consent1 nor do any thing that they may lose life or member1 or that their persons may be seized or hands anywise laid upon them1 or any injuries offered to them1 under any pretence whatsoever4 ,the counsel which they shall intrust me withal by themselves1 their messengers1 or letters1 ,i will not knowingly reveal to any to their prejudice4 ,i will help them to defend and keep the ,roman ,papacy and the royalties of ,st4 ,peter1 saving my order against all men4 ,the legate of the ,apostolic see1 going and coming1 ,i will honorably treat1 and help in his necessities4 ,the rights1 honors1 privileges1 and authority of the holy ,roman ,church1 of our lord the ,pope1 and his aforesaid successors1 ,i will endeavor to preserve1 defend1 increase1 and advance4 ,i will not be in any council1 action1 or treaty1 in which shall be plotted against our said lord and the said ,roman ,church1 any thing to the hurt or prejudice of their persons1 right1 honor1 state1 or power2 and if ,i shall know any such thing to be treated or agitated by any whomsoever1 ,i will hinder it all that ,i can2 and as soon as ,i can1 will signify it to our said lord1 or to some other1 by whom it may come to his knowledge4 ,the rules of the ,holy ,fathers1 the ,apostolic decrees1 ordinances1 or disposals1 reservations1 provisions1 and mandates1 ,i will observe with all my might1 and cause by others4 ,heretics1 ,schismatics1 and ,rebels to our said lord1 or his aforesaid successors1 ,i will to the utmost of my power persecute and oppose4 ,i will come to a council when ,i am called1 unless ,i am hindered by a canonical impediment4 ,i will1 by myself in person1 visit the threshold of the ,apostles every three years2 and give an account to our lord1 and his aforesaid successors1 of all my pastoral office1 and of all things anywise belonging to the state of my church1 to the discipline of my clergy and people1 and1 lastly1 to the salvation of souls committed to my trust2 and will1 in like manner1 humbly receive and diligently execute the ,apostolic commands4 ,and if ,i be detained by a lawful impediment1 ,i will perform all things aforesaid by a certain messenger hereto specially empowered1 a member of my ,chapter or some other in ecclesiastical dignity1 or else having a parsonage2 or in default of these1 by a priest of the diocese2 or in default of one of the clergy1 7of the diocese17 by some other secular or regular priest of approved integrity and religion1 fully instructed in all things above mentioned4 ,and such impediment ,i will make out by lawful proofs1 to be transmitted by the aforesaid messenger to the ,cardinal proponent of the holy ,roman ,church1 in the ,congregation of the ,sacred ,council4 ,the possessions belonging to my table1 ,i will neither sell nor give away1 mortgage nor grant anew in fee1 nor anywise alienate1 no1 not even with consent of the ,chapter of my ,church1 without consulting the ,roman ,pontiff4 ,and if ,i shall make any alienation1 ,i will thereby incur the penalties contained in a certain ,constitution put forth about this matter4 ,so help me ,god1 and these holy ,gospels of ,god4 ,,oath ,,of ,,the ,,priests4 ,i1 ,a4 ,b41 do acknowledge the ecclesiastical power of his holiness2 and the mother ,church of ,rome1 as the chief head and matron above all pretended churches throughout the whole earth2 and that my zeal shall be for ,st4 ,peter and his successors1 as the founder of the true and ancient ,catholic faith1 against all heretical kings1 princes1 states1 or powers repugnant to the same2 and although ,i1 ,a4 ,b41 may follow1 in case of persecution or otherwise1 to be heretically despised1 yet in soul and conscience ,i shall hold1 aid1 and succor the mother ,church of ,rome1 as the true1 ancient1 and apostolic ,church4 ,i1 ,a4 ,b41 further do declare not to act or control any matter or thing prejudicial unto her1 in her sacred orders1 doctrines1 tenets1 or commands1 without leave of its supreme power or its authority1 under her appointed2 and being so permitted1 then to act and further her interests more than my own earthly good and earthly pleasure1 as she and her ,head1 his ,holiness1 and his successors have1 or ought to have1 the supremacy over all kings1 princes1 estates1 or powers whatsoever1 either to deprive them of their crowns1 sceptres1 powers1 privileges1 realms1 countries1 or governments1 or to set up others in lieu thereof2 they dissenting from the mother ,church and her commands4 ,,oath ,,of ,,the ,,jesuits ,i1 ,a4 ,b41 now in the presence of ,almighty ,god1 the blessed ,virgin ,mary1 the blessed ,michael the ,archangel1 the blessed ,st4 ,john the ,baptist1 the holy apostles ,st4 ,peter and ,st4 ,paul1 and all the saints and hosts of heaven1 and to you my ghostly father1 do declare from my heart1 without mental reservation1 that his ,holiness ,pope ---- is ,christ's ,vicar ,general1 and is the true and only ,head of the ,catholic or universal ,church throughout the earth2 and by the virtue of the keys of binding and loosing1 given to his ,holiness by my ,saviour ,jesus ,christ1 he hath power to depose heretical kings1 princes1 states1 commonwealths1 and governments1 all being illegal without his sacred confirmation1 and that they may safely be destroyed3 ,,therefore1 to the utmost of my power1 ,i shall and will defend this doctrine1 and his ,holiness' rights and customs1 against all usurpers of the heretical 7or ,protestant7 authority whatsoever2 especially against the now pretended authority and ,church of ,england1 and all adherents1 in regard that they and she be usurpal and heretical1 opposing the sacred mother ,church of ,rome1 ,i do renounce and disown any allegiance as due to ,protestants1 or obedience to any of their inferior magistrates or officers1 ,i do further declare the doctrine of the ,church of ,england1 the ,calvinists1 ,huguenots1 and of others of the name ,protestants1 to be damnable1 and that they themselves are damned1 and to be damned1 that will not forsake the same4 ,i do further declare1 that ,i will help1 assist1 and advise all or any of his ,holiness' agents1 in any place wherever ,i shall be1 in ,england1 ,scotland1 and ,ireland1 or in any other territory or kingdom ,i shall come to1 and do my utmost to extirpate the heretical ,protestant's doctrine1 and to destroy all their pretended powers1 regal or otherwise4 ,i do further promise and declare1 that notwithstanding ,i am dispensed with1 to assume any religion heretical1 for the propagating of the mother ,church's interest1 to keep secret and private all her agents' counsels1 from time to time1 as they intrust me1 and not to divulge1 directly or indirectly1 by word1 writing1 or circumstance1 whatever1 but to execute all that shall be proposed1 given in charge1 or discovered unto me1 by you my ghostly father1 or any of this sacred convent4 ,all which1 ,i1 ,a4 ,b41 do swear1 by the blessed ,sacrament ,i am now to receive1 to perform1 and on my part to keep inviolable2 and do call all the heavenly and glorious host of heaven to witness these my real intentions to keep this1 my oath4 ,in testimony hereof1 ,i take this most holy and blessed sacrament of the ,eucharist1 and witness the same further with my hand and seal1 in the face of this holy convent this day--,an4 ,dom41 etc4 ,,oath ,,of ,,the ,,san ,,fedisti4 ,i1 ,son of the ,holy ,faith1 ,no4 --1 promise and swear to sustain the altar and the ,papal throne1 to exterminate heretics1 liberals1 and all enemies of the ,church1 without pity for the cries of children1 or of men and women4 ,so help me ,god4 ,,oath ,,of ,,the ,,irish ,,ribbon-,,men4 ,i1 ,patrick ,mc,kenna1 swear by ,saints ,peter and ,paul1 and by the blessed ,virgin ,mary1 to be always faithful to the ,society 7of ,ribbon-men72 to keep and conceal all the secrets1 and its words of order2 to be always ready to execute the commands of my superior officers1 and1 as far as it shall lie in my power1 to extirpate all heretics1 and ,,all ,,the ,,protestants1 and to walk in their blood to the knee6 ,may the ,virgin ,mary and all saints help me6 ,to-day1 the #b;d of ,july1 #aheb4 ,,pat4 ,,mckenna1 from ,tydavenet4 ,the following are the curses pronounced by the ,papal ,church against all who leave it for any ,evangelical ,church3 ,,the ,,romish ,,curse4 ,by the authority of ,god ,almighty1 the ,father1 ,son1 and ,holy ,ghost1 and the undefiled ,virgin ,mary1 mother and patroness of our ,saviour1 and of all celestial virtues1 ,angels1 ,archangels1 ,thrones1 ,dominions1 ,powers1 ,cherubim1 and ,seraphim2 and of all the ,holy ,patriarchs1 ,prophets1 and of all the ,apostles and ,evangelists1 of the ,holy ,innocents1 who in the sight of the ,holy ,lamb are found worthy to sing the new song of the ,holy ,martyrs and ,holy ,confessors1 and of all the ,holy ,virgins1 and of all ,saints together with the holy elect of ,god2 may he1 ----1 be damned4 ,we excommunicate and anathematize him from the threshold of the ,holy ,church of ,god ,almighty4 ,we sequester him1 that lie may be tormented1 disposed1 and be delivered over with ,dathan and ,abiram1 and with those who say unto the ,lord3 ',depart from us1 we desire none of thy ways3' as a fire is quenched with water1 so let the light of him be put out for evermore1 unless he shall repent him and make satisfaction4 ,amen6 ,may the ,father1 who creates man1 curse him6 ,may the ,son1 who suffered for us1 curse him6 ,may the ,holy ,ghost1 who is poured out in ,baptism1 curse him6 ,may the ,holy ,cross1 which ,christ1 for our salvation1 triumphing over his enemies1 ascended1 curse him6 ,may the ,holy ,mary1 ever virgin and mother of ,god1 curse him6 ,may ,st4 ,michael1 the advocate of the ,holy ,souls1 curse him6 ,may all the ,angels1 ,principalities1 and ,powers1 and all ,heavenly ,armies1 curse him6 ,may the glorious band of the ,patriarchs and ,prophets curse him6 ,may ,st4 ,john the ,precursor1 and ,st4 ,john the ,baptist1 and ,st4 ,peter1 and ,st4 ,paul1 and ,st4 ,andrew1 and all other of ,christ's ,apostles together1 curse him6 ,and may all the rest of the ,disciples and ,evangelists1 who1 by their preaching converted the universe1 and the holy and wonderful company of ,martyrs and ,confessors1 who by their works are found pleasing to ,god ,almighty1 curse him6 ,may the holy choir of the ,holy ,virgins1 who for the honor of ,christ have despised the things of the world1 damn him6 ,may all the saints from the beginning of the world to everlasting ages1 who are found to be beloved of ,god1 damn him6 ,may he be damned wherever he be1 whether in the house1 or in the alley1 or in the water1 or in the church6 ,may he be cursed in living and dying6 ,may he be cursed in eating and drinking1 in being hungry1 in being thirsty1 in fasting1 and sleeping1 in slumbering1 and in sitting1 in living1 in working1 in resting1 and 99 99 99 and in blood-letting4 ,may he be cursed in all the faculties of his body6 ,may he be cursed inwardly and outwardly6 ,may he be cursed in his hair2 cursed be he in his brains1 and in his vertex1 in his temples1 in his eyebrows1 in his cheeks1 in his jaw-bones1 in his nostrils1 in his teeth and grinders1 in his lips1 in his shoulders1 in his arms1 in his fingers6 ,may he be damned in his mouth1 in his breast1 in his heart1 and purtenances1 down to the very stomach6 ,may he be cursed in his reins and his groins2 in his thighs1 in his genitals1 and in his hips1 and in his knees1 his legs1 and his feet1 and toe-nails6 ,may he be cursed in all his joints1 and articulation of the members2 from the crown of his head to the soles of his feet may there be no soundness6 ,may the ,son of the living ,god1 with all the glory of ,his ,majesty1 curse him6 ,and may heaven1 with all the powers that move therein1 rise up against him1 and curse and damn him2 unless he repent and make satisfaction6 ,amen6 ,so be it4 ,be it so4 ,amen6 ,now1 we ask all candid men whose eyes have not been blinded by the dust of ,popery and ,democracy1 can a ,bishop or ,priest1 a ,jesuit or ,catholic1 with these oaths upon their souls1 be true ,american citizens8 ,not without the guilt of perjury1 as black as the altar of a ,roman ,confessional6 ,and if guilty of such perjury1 the penitentiary should be their canonical residence for life6 ,strange to say1 however1 the ,chief ,justice of the ,united ,states1 ,roger ,b4 ,taney1 is a ,roman ,catholic6 ,gen4 ,pierce's ,postmaster-,general1 ,james ,campbell1 is both a ,roman ,catholic1 and a member of the ,order of ,jesuits1 having taken this very oath6 ,roman ,catholics are now on the ,federal ,bench in the ,united ,states3 ,roman ,catholics fill the offices of ,attorneys-general2 ,roman ,catholics represent this ,government abroad2 and ,roman ,catholics fill post-offices1 land-offices1 and a variety of offices at home1 out of which ,protestants were driven by ,pierce's ,administration1 to make room for them6 ,,letter ,,from ,,thomas ,a4 ,r4 ,,nelson1 ,,esq4 ,this gentleman1 an able lawyer of ,east ,tennessee1 a member of the ,presbyterian ,church1 and a member of the ,american party1 was nominated an ,elector for the ,state of ,tennessee at large1 by the ,american ,state ,convention at ,nashville1 in ,february last4 ,though an ardent ,american--a great friend of ,mr4 ,fillmore--and a member of the late ,philadelphia ,convention1 and aided in the nomination of ,maj4 ,donelson1 he has been reluctantly compelled to decline the position of ,elector4 ,under date of ,may #cj1 #ahef1 he addressed a letter of nine columns1 of great force and ability1 to ,messrs4 ,a4 ,w4 ,johnson1 ,robert ,c4 ,foster1 #c;d41 ,john ,h4 ,callender1 ,william ,n4 ,bilbo1 ,sam'l4 ,pritchett1 and ,e4 ,d4 ,farnsworth1 ,state ,executive ,committee of the ,american ,party1 ,nashville1 ,tennessee1 declining the position4 ,although we regret his inability to serve1 as do the whole party in this ,state1 yet1 if his letter could be placed in the hands of every voter in the ,state1 we would be willing to risk the contest without further discussion4 ,such is our estimate of this document4 ,for the benefit of ,old ,line ,whigs1 and such ,democrats as are disposed to excuse and apologise for ,romanism1 we give the four concluding columns of this letter4 ,the five preceding columns are mainly occupied with an outline and defence of the action of the ,philadelphia ,nominating ,convention1 and a discussion of the slavery question--questions we had discussed in this work before this document came to hand4 ,mr4 ,nelson concludes thus3 ,the ,foreigners and ,catholics were directly appealed to in the ,presidential elections of #ahdh and #aheb4 ,who does not remember that1 immediately preceding the election in #ahdd1 fraudulent naturalization papers were manufactured in ,new ,york8 ,who has forgotten the ,plaquemines fraud in ,louisiana8 ,who has not heard of the abuse of ,mr4 ,frelinghuysen for no other cause than that he was the ,president of the ,american ,bible ,society8 ,but1 without dwelling upon other illustrations1 look to the ,democratic platform of #aheb1 and read the #hth section of the third resolution1 which is in the following words3 ',that the liberal principles embodied by ,jefferson in the ,declaration of ,independence and sanctioned in the ,constitution1 which makes ours the land of liberty and the asylum of the oppressed of every nation1 have ever been cardinal principles in the ,democratic faith1 and every attempt to abridge the present privilege of becoming citizens and the owners of soil among us1 ought to be resisted with the same spirit which swept the alien and sedition laws from our statute books4' ,during the last election in ,tennessee1 it was often said by ,democrats that they were just as much opposed to the immigration of foreign criminals and paupers as members of the ,american party1 but would not attach themselves to the latter because of their objections to its organization4 ,but the ,democratic ,platform of #aheb contains no exception against criminals and paupers4 ,the naturalization laws have1 in practice1 been found inadequate to their exclusion1 and the platform1 in effect1 avows unqualified adherence to them without abridgement or modification4 ,these laws are1 in substance1 declared to have 'ever been cardinal principles in the ,democratic faith4' ,by its own avowal1 the ,democratic party is responsible for giving encouragement to the whole policy of foreign immigration4 ,if that policy has flooded the country with criminals and paupers2 if it has produced riots and bloodshed in our large cities2 if it has endangered the religious as well as the civil liberty of ,protestants2 if it has swelled the ranks of ,abolition and fanned the flame of ,agitation--the ,democratic party1 by its own avowal1 is amenable at the bar of public opinion for these astounding and deplorable results4 ,reckless of consequences1 it has persevered in a system hazardous to the stability of our institutions1 because that system has annually swelled the number of its adherents1 and increased the chances of its perpetual ascendency4 ,without adverting to the census tables1 or repeating those familiar facts connected with the statistics of immigration which have been so extensively published1 it is sufficient to observe that1 under this continued patronage of the ,democratic party1 the immigration of foreigners has increased from a few thousands1 twenty years ago1 to nearly half a million in #ahed4 ,but the ,democratic party cannot justly claim the exclusive honor of projecting or carrying out the system4 ,more than twenty years ago1 the ,duke of ,richmond declared1 in substance1 that he had conversed with most of the sovereigns and princes of ,europe2 that they were jealous of the influence of our republican institutions upon their own ,government2 that they did not expect to conquer us as a nation1 but designed the subversion of our ,government by the introduction of the low and surplus population of ,europe among us2 that 'discord1 dissension1 anarchy1 and civil war would ensue1 and some popular individual would assume the government and restore order1 and the sovereigns of ,europe1 the emigrants1 and many of the natives1 would sustain him4' ,he also said1 in speaking of the ,united ,states1 that 'the ,church of ,rome has a design upon that country1 and it will1 in time1 be the established religion1 and will aid in the destruction of that republic4' ,these statements of the ,duke of ,richmond are abundantly corroborated by other declarations1 as well as the most undeniable facts which have occurred since their promulgation4 ,i have in my possession1 among various others1 two small books published by 'the ,american and ,foreign ,christian ,union1' #aef ,chambers street1 ,new ,york1 the one entitled ',foreign ,conspiracy1' the other1 ',startling ,facts1' both of which1 as ,i infer from their contents1 were written in the year #ahcd1 long before the ,american party had an existence4 ,the work entitled ',foreign ,conspiracy' is composed of a series of articles originally published1 over the signature of ,brutus1 in the ,new ,york ,observer4 ,they now appear with the name of the author1 ,,samuel ,f4 ,b4 ,,morse4 ,his object in writing the work was to arouse public attention to the efforts then being made in ,europe to propagate the ,catholic religion in the ,united ,states1 and to show its danger to our republican institutions4 ,he traces the origin of the ,leopold ,foundation in ,austria1 under the especial patronage of the ,emperor at ,vienna on the #abth ,may1 #ahbi1 and shows that one of its leading objects was 'to promote the greater activity of ,catholic missions in ,america4' ,the letter of ,prince ,metternich to ,bishop ,fenwich1 of ,cincinnati1 under date1 ,vienna1 ,april #bg1 #ahcj1 is set out at length2 and1 in that letter1 the ,prince informs the ,bishop1 among other things1 that the ,emperor 'allows his people to contribute to the support of the ,catholic ,church in ,america4' ,numerous quotations are made from the letters of ,foreign ,bishops in the ,united ,states to their patrons at home1 and1 among the rest1 on page #he1 is the following statement1 made by one of them1 in regard to the people of the ,united ,states3 ',we entreat all ,european ,christians to unite in prayer to ,god for the conversion of these unhappy heathen and obstinate heretics4' ,but1 forbearing to multiply quotations from this little work1 admirable in most of its positions1 my main object1 in citing it1 was to make the following extract1 from page #ae of the preface1 taken by the author from the lectures of the celebrated ,frederick ,schlegel1 delivered at ,vienna in #ahbh1 where that distinguished foreigner says1 ',the true nursery of all these destructive principles1 the revolutionary school for ,france and the rest of ,europe1 has been ,north ,america4 ,thence the evil has spread over many other lands1 either by national contagion or by arbitrary communication2' and also the following quotation1 from page #aah of ,mr4 ,morse's book3 ',austria1 one of the ,holy ,alliance of sovereigns1 leagued against the liberties of the world1 has the superintendence of the operations of ,popery in this country4' ,in the tract entitled ',startling ,facts for ,american ,protestants1' written in the year #ahcd1 by ,,rev4 ,,herman ,,norton1 ,corresponding ,secretary of the ,american ,protestant ,society1 from pages #bg to #ci1 an account is given of a ,london pamphlet entitled ',new ,plan of ,emigration1' the production of a ,roman ,catholic gentleman1 a ,london ,banker2 in which a project for occupying the ,north ,western ,states with the ,roman ,catholic population of ,europe1 is unfolded1 together with a map of the country1 and1 among other things1 it is said1 on page #bi3 ',the first settlements should be made in those fertile prairie districts situated on the southern sides of the ,canadian lakes1 where slavery is unknown4 ,on page #bh1 the objects of this society1 as set forth in this pamphlet1 are stated to be1 '#a4 ,to provide the means for colonizing the surplus ,roman ,catholic population of ,europe in our ,western ,states4 '#b4 ,to do this in such a way as to create a large demand for articles of ,british manufacture4 '#c4 ,to make ,romanism the predominant religion of this country4' ,the census tables will show that1 since these plans were set on foot1 in ,england and in ,europe1 to break down our government1 there has been an astonishing increase in the foreign immigration to this country4 ,great as it was prior to the ,revolutions in ,europe in #ahdh1 it has been amazingly augmented since that time4 ,millions of foreign money have been collected in ,europe and expended since the organization of the society for the propagation of the faith1 at ,lyons in ,france1 about the year #ahbb1 in the ,united ,states4 ,while an ,austrian ,emperor has had the charge1 in a good degree1 of the propagation of the ,catholic religion in the ,united ,states1 the public authorities in various parts of ,europe have defrayed the expenses of their criminals and paupers to this country1 as was clearly shown by ,congressional investigations4 ,what do these facts prove8 ,why1 that the declaration of the ,duke of ,richmond1 that the crowned heads of ,europe intended to subvert our government1 was true4 ,what more do they prove8 ,why1 that the effort to establish the ,catholic religion in this country has1 for more than twenty years1 been conducted with steady perseverance1 until the ,catholics1 who1 in #ahej1 were more numerous1 as the census compendium shows1 than any one denomination of ,methodists1 are now no doubt stronger than all the ,methodists put together1 and stronger than any other denomination of ,protestants4 ,while these publications have been before the ,american people for more than twenty years1 ,democratic leaders have received1 with open arms1 the swarms of foreigners who have settled upon our shores4 ,what care they for the slavery question1 when they have seen this foreign immigration1 according to the plan concerted in ,england1 settling in the non-slaveholding ,states1 and every year increasing the ,abolition power8 ,what care they for the ,protestant religion1 if the ,catholics can only give them the numerical strength at the ballot-box8 ,what regard have they for the preservation of our liberties1 when ,european despots are seeking to undermine them1 if those despots only send such myrmidons as will shout hosannas to ,democracy and drive from the polls peaceful ,american citizens who oppose them8 ,is the preservation of the ,union a matter of any consequence to them8 ,do they not in vision behold its scattered fragments and contemplate new confederacies1 with hosts of new offices and millions of spoil8 ,can any one doubt that the ,democratic party is in league with all the dangerous elements that have disturbed and are continuing to disturb our once peaceful and happy country1 and that they stickle at nothing when votes are at stake8 ,look to their conduct in running ,mr4 ,polk as a tariff man in the ,north1 and an anti-tariff man in the ,south6 ,look to the two lives of ,cass4 ,look to their equivocal position as to slavery and the ,union4 ,look to their appeals to foreigners and ,catholics by name in the elections of #ahdd and #aheb1 and probably in #ahdh4 ,look to their alliance with ,free ,germans and ,fourierites1 ,free ,soilers and ,secessionists4 ,and1 above all1 look to the miserable cant with which they raise the hue and cry of persecution in favor of the ,catholics1 and1 indirectly1 deny to ,protestant ministers the right to make war upon a huge corporation1 calling itself a church1 dealing in human souls1 reeking with the blood of martyrs1 and begrimed with more than ten centuries of oppression4 ,no wonder that they have vilified and denounced the ,american party with every term of opprobrium that our vocabulary can furnish4 ,no wonder they talk of dark lanterns and secret oaths and midnight assemblies4 ,no wonder that they strive to frighten their followers with the notion that the ,american party is a raw-head and bloody bones1 which should be shunned and avoided4 ,for1 if honest men of that party will only take the trouble to shake off the control of their leaders3 to think1 examine1 to read1 reflect1 and act for themselves1 there are thousands of ,democrats in the ,south who would scorn1 like the ,american party1 an alliance with ,abolitionists1 and there are tens of thousands of ,protestant ,union-loving ,democrats everywhere1 who have only confided in1 to be deceived and betrayed by1 their leaders1 and1 if they discover1 as it is hoped they will1 that they have brought them to the crumbling verge of an awful precipice1 they have patriotism enough and ,protestantism enough to break away from them rather than make the awful plunge4 ,i regret that ,i am admonished by the length to which ,i have extended this communication1 that ,i cannot now discuss the ,catholic question1 as ,i had hoped to do at the outset1 and ,i shall present only a few disjointed remarks in connection with it4 ,the ,american party does not seek to impose any religious test such as prevailed in the reign of ,charles ,,ii41 when two thousand ,non-conformist ministers were driven from their pulpits1 or such1 as in the same reign1 was imposed upon ,roman ,catholics and continued from #afgc to #ahbh4 ,the ,american party does not propose that any religious test1 of any kind1 shall be imposed by law1 upon any person whatever1 but it does seek to organize a public sentiment on the ,catholic question1 just in the same mode that1 in times past1 parties have sought to organize public sentiment upon the tariff question--the bank question--the internal improvement question--the temperance question1 and every other question which has been the subject of difference4 ,if it is lawful to say1 ,i will not vote for you because you are a ,whig1 it is equally lawful to say--,i will not vote for you because you are a foreigner4 ,if it is lawful to say1 ,i will not vote for you because you are a ,democrat1 it is equally lawful to say1 ,i will not vote for you because you are a ,catholic4 ,neither does the ,american party propose1 in the slightest degree1 to interfere with any of the rights secured to ,roman ,catholics1 in common with others1 by the ,constitution4 ,if they choose to worship a great ,,doll as the ,virgin ,mary--to burn tall wax-candles in daylight--to pray to ,god in an unknown tongue--to believe that a simple wafer is the actual body1 and common wine the very blood of our ,saviour--to enforce the celibacy of the clergy--to worship the host--to believe that old toe-nails and pieces of wood are precious relics--to prevent their people from reading the ,bible--to refuse to send their children to ,protestant schools--to retain the confessional and the nunnery--to pin their faith to unauthenticated traditions--to assert that theirs is the only true ,church1 and to perpetrate a thousand ridiculous mummeries--the members of the ,american party with one accord will say1 molest them not1 disturb them not1 trouble them not2 the religious privileges of this country are as free to them as they are to us1 and we will not1 by law or by violence1 interrupt or interfere with them in the slightest degree4 ,but knowing that the ,catholic ,church was for a thousand years allied to the ,state2 that it claimed dominion1 in temporal as well as spiritual affairs1 over the kings of the earth2 that it regards the ,pope as the ,vicegerent of the ,almighty2 that he wears the tiara as the symbol of his power in heaven1 earth1 and hell2 that ,romanists treat all other professions as heretics2 that its ,archbishops1 ,bishops and ,priests are sworn to persecute all who differ with them2 that the persecuting spirit of that ,church has been displayed1 for centuries1 in the most odious acts of cruelty as well as the most despotic tyranny that ever cursed the earth2 that fire and faggot1 confiscation and torture have been its favorite weapons2 that no age1 or sex or condition has been exempt from its inhuman butcheries and demoniac lusts2 that it exterminated the ,albigenses and ,waldenses2 that it caused the gutters of ,paris to run with human blood on ,st4 ,bartholomew's day2 that it lighted the fires of ,smithfield2 that through the instrumentality of ,tyrconnel and ,catholic and ,irish ,rappadees1 it perpetrated the inhuman atrocities of the ,irish ,massacres2 that1 it drove the ,huguenots from ,france1 and the ,puritans from ,england2 that it has delighted in the chains and dungeons of the ,inquisition1 and shouted1 with fiendish exultation1 at the cries and groans of the victims in the auto da fe2 that no republican government has ever flourished under its sway2 that it regards ignorance as the mother of devotion1 and denies the obligation of an oath2 that it gave rise to the ,order of ,jesuits1 the most detestable sect that the earth has ever seen2 that1 in the midst of the blaze of the nineteenth century1 it has burned the ,bible in ,america and imprisoned men and women in ,europe for no other offence than that of reading it2 that1 abusing the freedom of the press and speech secured in the ,united ,states1 it unblushingly avows that all ,protestantism is heresy--that it is a crime--and punished in ,christian countries like ,spain and ,italy as a crime2 that it has banished the ,bible from ,protestant schools1 when under its control2 that it has intermeddled in political elections1 and is struggling for political power2 that it wears a mask and claims to be harmless in this country for present effect1 although it has never renounced one of its dogmas in any authoritative mode2 that it is typified1 in the ,bible1 as the ,man of ,sin and the ,great ,whore of ,babylon2 that it comes to us as an angel of light1 but is allied with the ,prince of ,darkness3 knowing all these things1 and believing that the ,roman ,catholic ,church1 now that it is covered with the broad wings of ,modern ,democracy1 partakes of its meat and is pampered by its patronage1 is1 infinitely1 the most dangerous political power with which the people of the ,united ,states have ever been compelled to grapple1 the ,american party invites all who love national liberty more than ,democracy2 who prefer civil and religious freedom to the spoils of office2 who revere the memory of ,tyndale1 ,luther1 and ,calvin2 of ,cranmer1 ,latimer1 and ,ridley2 of the seven ,bishops2 of ,fox2 of the ,puritan fathers2 of ,wesley and ,hall2 of the ,reformers and ,protestants of every name1 and1 more than all1 of our revolutionary ancestors1 to burst the fetters of party and come to the rescue of their bleeding country1 bleeding at every pore from wounds inflicted by ,democratic hands1 amidst the jeers of ,european despots1 the shouts of foreigners in our midst1 and the taunts and sneers of ,catholics and ,jesuits all around us6 ,let not ,protestant ministers be intimidated by the impudent assaults of a venal press1 or the fierce denunciations of infuriated politicians1 from doing their whole duty in the pulpit and at the polls4 ,no ,presbyterian has ever denied to a ,methodist the right to question his religious faith1 and no ,methodist will dispute the right of other denominations to impugn his creed4 ,methodists have assailed the ,presbyterian doctrine of election4 ,presbyterians1 in turn1 have assailed their ideas of perfection and falling from grace4 ,both have controverted the ,baptists' views of immersion1 and all have denied the ,episcopalians' doctrine of apostolic succession4 ,these and many other points of difference have1 from the foundation of our government1 often been the subjects of earnest1 protracted1 and excited discussion2 but when did any ,american ,protestant ever deny to another ,american ,protestant the constitutional right to differ with him in opinion1 and to express that difference through the press1 in the pulpit1 or any other constitutional mode8 ,yet1 it has been reserved for ,democratic presses to attempt1 for electioneering purposes1 to curb the free spirit of ,protestant ministers3 to denounce them as ,,reverend ,,hypocrites2 and1 when beholding at home and abroad1 on the land and on the sea1 among ,christians and ,pagans1 in the halls of legislation1 in churches and schools1 in free speech1 and in a free press1 and in ten thousand other forms1 the magnificent and glorious results of the ,reformation1 to ask1 with impudent assurance1 ',,what ,,has ,,protestantism ,,done ,,for ,,the ,,world8' ,not satisfied with the storm of execration which such an infamous interrogatory produced1 the ,nashville ,union and ,american1 the leading ,democratic paper in ,tennessee1 in a very abusive article entitled ',what has it accomplished8' under date of ,april #bf1 #ahef1 thus speaks1 among other things1 of what he styles 'the ,know ,nothing ,organization3' ',it has done more than this3 it has gone into the ,church and ,,converted ,,the ,,pulpit ,,into ,a ,,political ,,rostrum--it has turned the attention of the ministry from ,,the ,,peaceful ,,paths ,,of ,,christianity ,,to ,,the ,,arena ,,of ,,political ,,turmoil--it has pulled down the banner of the ,cross1 and placed in its stead ,,the ,,red ,,flag ,,of ,,intolerance ,,and ,,proscription4' ,while ,protestant ministers1 in the enjoyment of the rights secured to them by the ,constitution1 have1 as before stated1 often engaged in controversies with each other as to their differences in matters of ,church government and speculative faith1 they have1 with one accord1 from the foundation of the government1 preached and published their views against the ,roman ,catholic ,church--which arrogates a superiority over them all1 and stigmatizes them as sects--long before the ,american party ever had an existence4 ,but because1 in the course of events1 it has become necessary for politicians to inquire what effect an acknowledgment of the temporal supremacy of the ,pope may have upon our free institutions1 the ,democratic party--if it is to be judged of by its organ--would gag the ,protestant clergy1 deny to them a right which they have always exercised1 and1 if they dare to oppose the colossal strides of ,rome1 denounce them as having converted the pulpit into a political rostrum1' and as having raised 'the red flag of ,intolerance and ,proscription4' ,it is not for me to prescribe1 nor do ,i desire to dictate the duty of ,protestant ministers2 but if1 in the combined efforts which the ,catholics have been making under the patronage of ,european despots and noblemen1 and the encouragement of ,democratic demagogues in our own country1 they see that this tremendous corporation has planted its footsteps in all our large cities--is possessing itself of the ,north-,west and the ,mississippi valley--and is encircling them1 as it were1 with a wall of fire3 if they see that the newspapers and periodicals of that corporation have published doctrines in this free country which they would scarcely avow in the ,roman ,catholic countries of ,europe3 if1 in one word1 they believe that they are to be persecuted and exterminated by ,catholics1 or take care of themselves before it is too late--then ,protestant ministers1 agreeing as they do in all great doctrines1 and differing only as to those which are not absolutely essential1 will cease to disagree among themselves1 at least until after they avert a common danger1 and will rally as a band of brethren to resist1 in such mode as they may deem proper1 the encroachments and the insults of ,rome1 and all her satellites and allies4 ,if ,i do not greatly err in the estimate which ,i place upon the ,protestant clergymen of ,america1 the ,democratic party and the ,catholics will discover1 sooner or later1 that the same spirit which caused the ,protestant fathers to brave the perils of the ,,boot and the ,,stake3 to stand1 without flinching1 before such miscreant judges as ,jeffreys and ,scroggs3 to yield two thousand pulpits and look beggary and starvation in the face1 rather than compromise with conscience2 and1 above all1 to risk the untried dangers of the ocean and settle among savages--will nobly animate their descendants1 and they will act in a manner worthy of themselves and of the great cause which is intrusted to their keeping4 ,never was a more unfounded charge made against any party than that of proscription against the ,american party4 ,it is only the political feature--the allegiance to the ,pope of ,rome--which we have felt called upon especially to oppose3 leaving it to ,protestant ministers to expose1 if they choose1 the absurdity of ,catholic theological tenets4 ,it is a historical fact that the ,romish clergy of ,france in #afhb1 under the lead of ,louis ,,xiv41 made a declaration that ',kings and sovereigns are not subject to any ecclesiastical power by the order of ,god in temporal things1 and their subjects cannot be released from the obedience which they owe them1 nor absolved from their oath of allegiance4' ,the doctrine of this declaration is called indifferently 'the ,gallican1 or the ,french1 or the ,cis-,alpine doctrine4 ,that of the ,court of ,rome is called the ,italian1 or trans-,alpine doctrine4 ,under the solemn assurance of the ,louisiana delegation that the native ,catholics of ,louisiana do not acknowledge the temporal supremacy of the ,pope1 they were admitted to representation in the ,american ,council and ,convention1 and this fact abundantly proves that there is no desire to persecute ,catholics for their religion1 but only a determination to resist their political doctrine1 which1 although denied by ,mr4 ,chandler in ,congress1 has been incontrovertibly established by the history of that ,church for ages1 the avowals of ,mr4 ,brownson1 the rebuke of ,mr4 ,chandler by the ,dublin ,tablet1 and other overwhelming proofs4 ,in concluding this letter1 it would1 perhaps1 be proper to dwell upon the claims of ,messrs4 ,fillmore and ,donelson to the support of the ,american people of all parties2 but their characters are so well known1 and ,i have already so extended my remarks1 that ,i deem it unnecessary to observe any thing more than that ,mr4 ,fillmore1 by the faithful discharge of his duty1 won the most cordial approbation of his political enemies as well as political friends1 and had the confidence of the whole country when he retired from office1 and has done nothing since to destroy it2 while ,maj4 ,donelson1 as our ,minister to ,texas1 to ,prussia1 and to ,denmark1 sustained the dignity of our country and acquitted himself with honor--denounced the unhallowed proceedings of the ,southern ,convention--struggled manfully1 as the ,democratic editor of the ,washington ,union1 in behalf of the ,compromise1 and never withdrew from it until ,may1 #aheb1 when1 so far as ,i understand his course from his public acts1 being unwilling to 'blow hot and cold' on the slavery question1 and to aid the ,democratic party in wearing a ,northern and a ,southern face1 he indignantly retired from it1 and subsequently attached himself to the ,american party in the hope that it could carry on his most cherished object--the preservation of the ,union4 ,the object of selecting an old-line ,whig and an old-line ,democrat1 was to nail to the counter the charge that the ,american party is the ,whig party in disguise1 and to induce1 if possible1 conservative men of both the old parties to unite and rescue the country from ,democratic misrule4 ,hundreds1 thousands of ,democrats in ,tennessee1 acting upon their own impulses and without concert with their leaders1 attached themselves to the ,american party1 but under the abuse of the leaders withdrew from it4 ,although1 personally1 ,i have no claims upon the ,democracy1 and have been always opposed to that party1 yet ,i would respectfully observe that first impressions are often the best1 and if such ,democrats will take the trouble faithfully and honestly to examine the questions of the day for themselves1 uninfluenced by the dictation of party leaders on either side1 they will1 doubtless1 find many and cogent reasons to return to their first love4 ,but to such of the old-line ,whigs as have not already gone over to the ,democratic party1 ,i do feel that ,i have the right through this or any other medium to address a few words4 ,it is well known that ,i have been a ,whig from my boyhood1 and until ,i attached myself to the ,american party about twelve months ago2 and that1 in some form or other1 ,i have labored in behalf of the ,whig cause from my youth up--in good report and evil report1 in prosperity and in adversity1 and without fee or reward4 ,and1 with great deference to the opinions of others1 ,i would inquire what has any old-line ,whig to gain1 either for his country or himself1 by listening to the seductive flatteries of ,democracy1 as he looks upon the dismembered fragments of the ,whig party1 or sits1 like ,marius1 amid the ruins of ,carthage8 ,what party is it that has brought about the desolation you behold8 ,to whose strategy was it owing that the once impregnable city was betrayed and surrounded1 and its lofty battlements levelled with the dust8 ,what foul coalition circumvented you1 and whose pestilential breath is now whispering in your ear8 ,has that party against which you have fought for twenty years--which you have regarded as essentially corrupt and dangerous to the ,union--all at once1 and by some magical and unknown process1 been cleansed of its impurities1 and does it stand before you clothed in a white and spotless robe8 ,what are some of the reasons why you opposed it8 ,it denounced proscription for opinion's sake before it came into power1 but kept the guillotine in continual motion afterwards4 ,it rebuked any interference with the freedom of elections1 and then denied its doctrine1 and sought in countless ways to control them4 ,it charged the administration of ,john ,quincy ,adams with reckless extravagance1 and has expended as much1 or nearly as much1 of the public treasure in one year as he did in the course of his administration4 ,it was favorable to a bank1 a judicious tariff1 and internal improvements by the general government1 but has crushed beneath its iron heel the whole ,american system4 ,it promised a gold and silver currency1 and told the farmers that they and their wives should have 'long silken purses1 through the interstices of which the yellow gold would shine and glitter1' but has given us instead more than thirteen hundred ,state bonds1 with a capital of more than three hundred millions4 ,it has united the purse and the sword by means of its odious ,sub-,treasury4 ,it trampled beneath its feet the broad seal of the ,state of ,new ,jersey1 and encouraged ,dorr's rebellion4 ,it annexed ,texas and ,california1 and has strengthened the ,abolition power4 ,it sustains the frequent use of the veto1 and under the name of ,democracy delights in the exercise of monarchical prerogative4 ,it proclaimed in #ahdd and #ahde1 that not a thimblefull of blood would be shed by any war growing out of the annexation of ,texas1 when that war sacrificed thousands of lives1 and has cost us millions in money and land4 ,it boasted1 in regard to the ,oregon question1 that we must have '#ed #dj or fight1' but swallowed its own words1 and in later times has attempted to retrieve its courage by the sublime and magnificent bombardment of ,greytown6 ,it ordered ,general ,taylor into the heart of the ,mexican country with a feeble force1 and when his victories had won the grateful plaudits of his countrymen1 it had the unparalleled meanness1 while he was still fighting our battles1 to censure the capitulation of ,monterey4 ,it had the baseness to call ,general ,scott from the head of a victorious army1 and to attempt to disgrace him in the eyes of his own country and the world4 ,it denounced ,judge ,white as a renegade1 ,general ,harrison as a coward1 ,mr4 ,clay as a blackguard1 and ,general ,scott as a fool4 ,and1 without repeating what has been already urged in regard to its attitude upon the slavery question and the other topics that have been discussed1 ,i submit to the old-line ,whigs that there is no principle which the ,democratic party sincerely holds in common with them1 and that they should unite with us in the effort to man the ship of ,state with officers and men devoted to the ,constitution and true to the ,union1 in the hope that it may be rescued from the whirlpools and breakers among which it has been so recklessly conducted4 ,having expressed myself with the independence which should characterize a freeman1 ,i cannot expect that a party which has dealt in the most unmitigated denunciation of wiser and better men than myself1 will permit my observations to pass with impunity1 but ,i shall be amply compensated for their abuse if abler tongues and pens will improve upon these hurried remarks1 and teach our ,democratic traducers that they cannot continue1 without just retaliation1 their unjustifiable assaults upon the ,american party4 ,yours respectfully1 ,,thos4 ,a4 ,r4 ,,nelson4 ,,proscribing ,,foreigners--,,foreign ,,immigration--,,foreign ,,paupers ,,and ,,criminals--,,foreigners ,,elected ,,gen4 ,,pierce--,,opinions ,,of ,,great ,,men4 ,the issue which most disturbs the ,sag-,nicht ,foreign ,catholic ,locofoco ,dry-rot patriots1 of the present day1 in connection with the principles of the ,american party1 is their proscription of foreign-born citizens4 ,if the reader will turn back to the ,philadelphia ,platform1 and consult the #c;d1 #dth1 #eth1 and #ith sections of that instrument1 it will be seen that the ,american party really proscribe only those who are proscribed by the ,constitution of the ,united ,states1 and the laws defining the rights of foreign-born citizens4 ,the ,american party demand the enactment of laws upon this subject more definite1 and in accordance with the provisions of the ,constitution4 ,the only positive work which the ,constitution does1 in regard to foreigners1 is to proscribe4 ,it contains but five clauses touching the subject3 four of these are ,,prohibitory1 and the other is simply permissive4 ,there is no guaranteeing clause whatever4 ,we must be pardoned for recalling the very language of the ,constitution--for in this progressive age1 our ,young ,american generation is fast losing sight of the plainest features of that document3 which1 with ,fillibustering1 ,fire-eating agitators1 is ,old ,fogyism6 ,let the ,constitution speak for itself3 ,section #e1 ,article ,,ii4 of the ,constitution says3 ,no person1 except a natural-born citizen1 or a citizen of the ,united ,states at the time of the adoption of this ,constitution1 shall be eligible to the office of ,president4 ,that is proscription4 ,section #c1 ,article ,,xii41 says3 ,no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of ,president shall be eligible to the office of ,vice-,president of the ,united ,states4 ,that is proscription4 ,section #h1 ,article ,i41 says3 ,no person shall be a ,senator who shall not have attained the age of thirty years1 and been nine years a citizen of these ,united ,states4 ,that is proscription4 ,section #b1 ,article ,i41 says3 ,no person shall be a ,representative who shall not have attained the age of twenty-five years1 and been seven years a citizen4 ,this is proscription4 ,these are the disabilities imposed upon ,foreigners after they have been made citizens4 ,but1 more than this1 the ,constitution leaves it discretionary whether to make them citizens at all4 ,it simply confers the power--simply permits4 ,here is the remaining clause1 to which we have alluded3 ,section #h1 ,article ,i41 says3 ,congress shall have power to establish a uniform rule of naturalization1 and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the ,united ,states4 ,but let us notice the matter of foreign emigration to this country4 ,in that fragment of a nation1 composed of three and a quarter millions1 which accomplished the ,american ,revolution1 there were in the ,united ,colonies1 in the year #agge1 just #bj1jjj more foreigners than now come into this country in six months6 ,the progress of emigration into this country1 as shown from the ,state ,department at ,washington1 is after this fashion3 ,in the year #aheb1 #cge1jjj ,in the year #ahec1 #cfh1jjj ,in the year #ahed1 the returns of the first six months warrant the estimate for the entire year of #ejj1jjj --------- ,the aggregate1 for the first four and a half years of this decennial term1 is #a1hja1jjj ,there is no reason for believing that the vast immigration of this year will diminish4 ,in fact1 there is no limit to its rate of progress but the means of conveyance4 ,now1 then1 we have upon this basis an aggregate for the six years and a half intervening between this period and #ahfj1 of #c1bej1jjj --------- ,making for the current ten years1 the astounding aggregate of #e1jea1jjj ,let ,americans charge continually that the righteous ground upon which it plants itself is1 ,,that ,,americans ,,shall ,,rule ,,america4 ,let them point the voters of the country to solid facts1 from which there is no escape4 ,tell them that the emigration to this country1 according to the ,census records at ,washington1 was3 ,from #agij to #ahaj #abj1jjj #ahaj to #ahbj #aad1jjj #ahbj to #ahcj #bjc1igi #ahcj to #ahdj #ggh1ejj #ahdj to #ahej #a1edb1hej --and that statistics show that during the present decade1 from #ahej to #ahfj1 in regularly increasing ratio1 nearly four millions of aliens will probably be poured in upon us4 ,point to the fact1 that from this immigration spring nearly four-fifths of the beggary1 two-thirds of the pauperism1 and more than three-fifths of the crime of our country2 that more than half the public charities1 more than half the prisons and alms-houses1 more than half the police and the cost of administering criminal justice1 are for foreigners1--and let the demand be made1 that national and ,state legislation shall interfere1 to direct1 ameliorate1 and control these elements1 so far as it may be done within the limits of the ,constitution4 ,let ,americans everywhere1 and at all times1 charge home and force upon the attention of the people the alarming fact that if immigration continues at the above rates1 in thirty years from this time the population of this country will exceed that of ,france1 ,england1 ,spain1 ,portugal1 ,sweden1 and ,switzerland1 all combined2 that in fifteen years the foreign will outnumber the native population2 that in #ahed the number of foreign immigrants was #ejj1jjj1 of which #cjg1fci arrived at the port of ,new ,york2 that the white population of ,north ,carolina is only a little over #ejj1jjj--so that enough come to settle a ,state as populous as ,north ,carolina in a year4 ,set forth the statistical facts1 as shown by the last ,census1 that the immigration of #ahed was more than equal to the white population of either one of eighteen ,states of this ,union2 and in proof1 point them to the following startling facts3 ,a4 ,table comparing the white population of the ,states therein enumerated1 with the foreign immigration of #ahed1 and showing the excess of foreign immigrants for this year above the respective population of the several ,states4 ,white population4 ,excess of ,states4 immigrants4 ,arkansas #afb1ahi #ccg1haa ,alabama #dbf1ead #gc1dhf ,california #ia1fce #dah1cfe ,south ,carolina #bgd1efc #bbf1dcg ,connecticut #cfc1jii #acf1ija ,delaware #ga1afi #cbh1hca ,florida #dg1bjc #deb1gag ,iowa #aia1hha #cjh1aai ,louisiana #bbe1dia #cgd1eji ,maryland #dag1idc #hb1jeg ,michigan #cie1jga #ajd1ibi ,mississippi #bie1gah #bjd1bhb ,new ,hampshire #cag1def #ahb1ead ,new ,jersey #dfe1eji #cd1dia ,rhode ,island #adc1hge #cef1abe ,texas #aed1jcd #cde1idf ,vermont #bac1djb #ahf1eih ,wisconsin #cjd1gef #aie1bdd ,analyze this table1 and show from it that the foreign immigration of #ahed was sufficient to have settled three ,states equal to ,arkansas1 three equal to ,iowa1 three equal to ,texas1 two to ,louisiana1 four to ,rhode ,island1 five to ,california1 seven to ,delaware1 or ten to ,florida2 so that under the principle of the ,kansas and ,nebraska act1 while immigrants continue pouring in upon us at the present rate1 we may have within one year ten new ,states applying for admission into the ,union1 entitled to their twenty ,senators in the ,united ,states ,senate2 and yet this would be but the ,senatorial representation of #ejj1jjj foreigners4 ,let the light of truth be heard upon the great question of immigration1 and let the people see that if the ratio of immigration continues as it has been since #ahej1 during the ten years from #ahej to #ahfj there will have come four millions of foreigners into this country--enough to settle eighty ,states equal to ,florida1 thirty-two equal to ,rhode ,island1 sixteen equal to ,louisiana1 or eight equal to ,maryland1 ,north ,carolina1 ,south ,carolina1 ,georgia1 ,michigan1 ,mississippi1 ,vermont1 ,alabama1 ,new ,hampshire1 or ,new ,jersey4 ,so the ,senatorial representation of foreigners may reach one hundred and sixty members in the ,united ,states ,senate1 and cannot be less than twenty in a body composed of but sixty-two members representing thirty-one ,states4 ,,united ,,states ,,coast ,,survey--,,foreignism ,,and ,,nativeism4 ,the reader will find below a list of the names of the employees in the ,coast ,survey1 classified according to birth1 and their respective salaries3 ,natives4 ,salary4 ,foreigners4 ,salary4 ,e4 ,nutty #a1bjj ,j4 ,e4 ,hilgard #b1bjj ,j4 ,t4 ,hoover #fjj ,s4 ,e4 ,werner #a1dai ,j4 ,h4 ,toomer #eai ,c4 ,a4 ,schott #a1ejj ,j4 ,e4 ,blackenship #ejj ,j4 ,main #a1ajj ,r4 ,freeman #cej ,g4 ,rumpf #a1jjj ,h4 ,mitchell #a1jjj ,j4 ,weisner #ijj ,h4 ,heaton #gjj ,l4 ,f4 ,pourtales #a1ejj ,r4 ,s4 ,avery #ffj ,s4 ,hein #b1ejj ,j4 ,kincheloe #cci ,j4 ,welch #a1efe ,g4 ,c4 ,blanchard #cci ,a4 ,brschke #a1djh ,r4 ,e4 ,evans #cci ---- ,balback #fci ,r4 ,l4 ,hawkins #a1bjj ---- ,lendenkehl #ghb ,w4 ,mc,pherson #gjj ,w4 ,p4 ,schultz #gjd ,w4 ,m4 ,c4 ,fairfax #a1hjj ,g4 ,mc,coy #b1jjj ,m4 ,j4 ,mc,clery #a1fjj ,a4 ,rolle #a1gjj ---- ,poterfield #a1jjj ,g4 ,b4 ,metzenroth #a1jie ,l4 ,williams #hfj ,j4 ,c4 ,koudnip #ici ,john ,key #ghb ,j4 ,rutherdall #ebf ---- ,martin #gea ,j4 ,barrett #cge ,b4 ,hooe #dai ,j4 ,vierbunchen #a1jie ,f4 ,fairfax #ejj ,p4 ,vierbunchen #bha ,h4 ,mc,cormick #aef ,t4 ,hunt #gjd ,e4 ,wharton #a1ajj ,j4 ,missenson #fbf ,j4 ,knight #a1gjj ,r4 ,schelpass #dfi ,f4 ,dankworth #a1gjj ,c4 ,ramkin #cac ,j4 ,v4 ,n4 ,throop #a1beb ,f4 ,white #ifj ,r4 ,knight #ici ,d4 ,flyn #fjj ,c4 ,a4 ,knight #fbf ,t4 ,kinney #ebe ,g4 ,mathiot #a1hjj ,c4 ,kraft #dbj ,s4 ,harris #eai ,b4 ,neff #ebf ,s4 ,d4 ,o',brien #a1jei ,a4 ,maedell #a1jie ,a4 ,geatman #gjd ------- ,h4 ,tine #fbf #ca1hfg ,c4 ,b4 ,snow #a1jjj ,j4 ,smith #eic ,g4 ,hitz #cac ,j4 ,cronion #eai ,a4 ,w4 ,russell #a1cjj ---- ,tansill #ffj ,v4 ,e4 ,king #gbj ,f4 ,holden #ejj ,j4 ,mitchell #cca ,w4 ,bright #baf ------- #bd1dbi ,the whole number of natives1 #dc2 number of foreigners1 #ca4 ,amount paid natives1 #bd1dbi2 amount paid foreigners1 #ca1hfg4 ,the average salary of the natives is #efh #ab per year2 of the foreigners1 #a1jbi #ih per year--nearly double that of the natives4 ,is not this favoritism to the foreigner1 and discrimination against the native8 ,the disbursing officer1 ,s4 ,hein1 receives #b1ejj4 ,the result of the last ,presidential election was controlled by foreign votes1 beyond all question4 ,look at the figures--see how they foot up--and see that the country is controlled by foreigners3 ,electoral ,foreign ,foreign ,pierce's vote for ,states4 population4 vote4 majority4 ,pierce4 ,new ,york1 #fee1bbd #ic1cag #bg1bja #ce ,pennsylvania1 #cjc1aje #dc1cjj #ai1ddf #bg ,maryland1 #ea1jaa #g1bhg #d1ide #h ,louisiana1 #fg1cjh #i1fae #a1cib #f ,missouri1 #gf1egj #aj1ich #g1fih #i ,illinois1 #aaa1hfj #ae1ihj #ae1fec #aa ,ohio1 #bah1jii #ca1aeg #af1fid #bc ,wisconsin1 #aaj1dga #ae1gha #aa1dah #e ,iowa1 #bj1ifh #b1iie #a1ahj #d ,rhode ,island1 #bc1hcb #c1djd #a1aji #d ,connecticut1 #ch1cgd #e1dhb #b1hgj #f ,delaware1 #e1bdc #gdi #be #c ,new ,jersey1 #ei1hjd #h1edc #e1gdi #g ,california1 #ba1fbh #aj1jjj #e1fid #d -------- ------- ------- ---- #beh1edh #abj1jid #aeb ,,recapitulation4 ,pierce's vote1 #a1fjb1ffc ,scott's vote1 #a1che1iij --------- #baf1fgc ,foreign vote1 #cfg1cbj ,pierce's majority1 #baf1fgc --------- #aej1fdg ,the foreign vote exceeded ,pierce's majority over ,scott1 #aej1fdg votes4 ,it is thus demonstrated that in each of these fourteen ,states the foreign vote was larger than the majority given for ,general ,pierce2 and it is also demonstrated that the aggregate foreign vote of these fourteen ,states is more than twice the whole number of ,general ,pierce's majorities in said ,states4 ,if even one-half of the foreign vote had been given to ,general ,scott1 he would have been elected instead of ,general ,pierce6 ,the following ,new ,york ,city statistics set forth the amount of crime committed in that city for six months ending in ,june1 #ahee3 ,it appears that the number of arrests made during that time were #be1aaj4 ,of these1 no less than #i1gee were for intoxication and disorderly conduct combined2 and #g1jbe for crimes that had their origin in the dram-shops1 to wit3 ,assault and battery1 disorderly conduct1 vagrancy1 c4 ,the greatest number of arrests were in ,june1 showing that during the hot weather1 as is generally the case1 more liquor was drank4 ,the birth-place of the criminals1 for two months1 was as follows3 ,united ,states1 #a1gej ,ireland1 #e1aag ,germany1 #a1jaj ,all other places1 #d1hdg ,it needs no argument to prove if there had been no intoxicating liquor sold in that city1 a large portion of the crimes and the misery resulting therefrom would have been prevented4 ,,more ,,instructive ,,statistics4--,the ,jersey ,city ,sentinel of the #bb;d ult4 publishes statistics of crime and pauperism in ,jersey ,city and ,hudson ,county1 as follows3 ,number of inhabitants in ,jersey ,city1 #ba1jjj1 viz43 natives1 #ac1jjj2 ,irish1 #e1jjj2 other foreigners1 #d1jjj4 ,number of persons who have been confined in the city prison1 #d1ajj1 viz43 natives1 #ge2 ,irish1 #c1eej2 other foreigners1 #dge4 ,number of persons confined in the county jail at present1 #fh1 viz43 natives1 #b2 ,irish1 #eh3 other foreigners1 #h4 ,of #ahh persons who have been inmates of the ,almshouse1 none have been natives1 and no foreigners except ,irish4 ,of #gbc who received aid from the ,poor-master1 #b were natives1 and #gba were ,irish4 ,we will now submit1 as authorities1 some names which ought to have weight with the ,american people1 and which demonstrate1 beyond all contradiction1 that we have had ,know ,nothings in our country in former days1 if they were not called by that name6 ,here are the words and sentiments of these dark-lantern patriots3 ,against the insidious wiles of foreign influence1 7,i conjure you to believe me1 fellow-citizens17 the jealousy of a free people ought to be constantly awake4 ,it is one of the most baneful foes of a ,republican government4--,,washington4 ,i hope we may find some hope in future of shielding ourselves from foreign influence1 in whatever form it may be attempted4 ,i wish there were an ocean of fire between this and the old world4--,,jefferson4 ,foreign influence is a ,grecian horse to the republic3 we cannot be too careful to exclude its entrance4--,,madison4 ,there is an imperative necessity for reforming the ,naturalization ,laws of the ,united ,states4--,,daniel ,,webster4 ,it is high time we should become a little more ,americanized1 and instead of feeding the paupers and laborers of ,england1 feed our own2 or else1 in a short time1 by our present policy1 we shall become paupers ourselves4--,,andrew ,,jackson4 ,i agree with the father of his country1 that we should guard with a jealousy becoming a free people1 our institutions1 against the insidious wiles of foreign influence4--,,henry ,,clay4 ,our naturalization laws are unquestionably defective1 or our alms-houses would not now be filled with paupers4 ,of the #acd1jjj paupers in the ,united ,states1 #fh1jjj are foreigners1 and #ff1jjj natives4 ,the annals of crime have swelled as the jails of ,europe have poured their contents into the country1 and the felon convict1 reeking from a murder in ,europe1 or who has had the fortune to escape punishment for any other crime abroad1 easily gains naturalization here1 by spending a part of five years within the limits of the ,united ,states4 ,our country has become a ,botany ,bay1 into which ,europe annually discharges her criminals of every description4--,,john ,m4 ,,clayton1 ,united ,states ,senator4 ,forty years ago1 this subject came up in the ,congress of the ,united ,states1 and that far-seeing statesman and patriot1 ,,john ,,randolph1 of ,virginia1 made a speech1 from which we take the following extract3 ,how long the country would endure this foreign yoke in its most odious and disgusting form he could not tell1 but this he would say1 that if we were to be dictated to and ruled by foreigners1 he would much rather be ruled by a ,british ,parliament than by ,british subjects here4 ,should he be told that those men fought in the war of the ,revolution1 he would answer1 that those who did so were not included by him in the class he adverted to4 ,that was a civil war1 and they and we were at its commencement alike ,british subjects4 ,native ,britons1 therefore1 then taking arms on our side1 gave them the same rights as those who were born in this country1 and his motion could be easily modified so as to provide for any that might be of this description1 but no such modification1 he was sure1 would be found necessary1 for this plain reason1 to wit3 ,where were the soldiers of the ,revolution who were not natives8 ,they were either already retired or else retiring to that great reckoning where discounts were not allowed4 ,if the honorable gentleman 7opposing the proposition7 would point his finger to any such kind of person now living1 he would agree to his being made an exception to the amendment4 ,it was time that the ,american people should have a character of their own1 and where would they find it8 ,in ,new ,england and in ,virginia only1 because they were a homogeneous race--a peculiar people4 ,they never yet appointed foreigners to sit in that house 7of ,congress7 for them1 or to fill their high offices4 ,in both ,states this was their policy3 it was not found in1 nor was it owing to their paper constitutions1 but what was better1 it was interwoven in the frame of their thoughts and sentiments1 in their steady habits1 in their principles from the cradle--a much more solid security than could be found in any abracadabra which constitution-mongers could scrawl upon paper4 ,it might be indiscreet in him to say it1 for1 to say the truth1 he had as little of that rascally virtue1 prudence1 he apprehended1 as any man1 and could as little conceal what he felt as affect what he did not feel4 ,he knew it was not the way for him to conciliate the manufacturing body1 yet he would say that he wished with all his heart that his bootmaker1 his hatter1 and other manufacturers1 would rather stay in ,great ,britain1 under their own laws1 than come here to make laws for us1 and leave us to import our covering4 ,we must have our clothing home-made1 7said he17 but ,i would much rather have my workmen home-made1 and import my clothing4 ,was it best to have our own unpolluted republic peopled with its own pure native republicans1 or erect another ,sheffield1 another ,manchester1 and another ,birmingham1 upon the banks of the ,schuylkill1 the ,delaware1 and the ,brandywine1 or have a host of ,luddites amongst us--wretches from whom every vestige of the human creation seemed to be effaced8 ,would they wish to have their elections on that floor decided by a rabble8 ,what was the ruin of old ,rome8 ,why1 their opening their gates and letting in the rabble of the whole world to be their legislators6 ,if 7said he7 you wish to preserve among your fellow-citizens that exalted sense of freedom which gave birth to the ,revolution--if you wish to keep alive among them the spirit of '#gf1 you must endeavor to stop this flood of immigration6 ,you must teach the people of ,europe that if they do come here1 all they must hope to receive is protection--but that they must have no share in the government4 ,from such men a temporary party may receive precarious aid1 but the country cannot be safe nor the people happy where they are introduced into government1 or meddle with public concerns in any great degree4 99 99 99 99 99 ,this 7said ,mr4 ,randolph7 is a favorable time to make a stand against this evil 7immigration17 and if not this session1 he hoped that in the next there would be a revisal of the naturalization laws4 ,a few short epistles from the pen of ,gen4 ,,washington1 and we will close this chapter4 ,these we take from the ,papers of ,washington by ,sparks4 ,george ,washington1 justly styled the father of his country1 was a great and good man--a primitive ,know ,nothing--a praying ,protestant--and withal1 the man who was first in war1 first in peace1 and first in the hearts of his countrymen4 ,here are the honest sentiments of this man3 ,,to ,,richard ,,henry ,,lee4 ,,morristown1 ,may #ag1 #aggg4 ,,dear ,,sir3--,i take the liberty to ask you what ,congress expects ,i am to do with the many foreigners they have at different times promoted to the rank of field-officers1 and1 by the last resolve1 two to that of colonels4444 ,these men have no attachment nor ties to the country1 further than interest binds them4 ,our officers think it exceedingly hard1 after they have toiled in this service and have sustained many losses1 to have strangers put over them1 whose merit1 perhaps1 is not equal to their own1 but whose effrontery will take no denial4444 ,it is by the zeal and activity of our own people that the cause must be supported1 and not by a few hungry adventurers4444 ,i am1 c41 ,g4 ,,washington4 ,vol4 ,,iv41 p4 #dbc4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,the ,,same4 ,,middlebrook1 ,june #a1 #aggg4 ,you will1 before this can reach you1 have seen ,monsieur ,ducoudray4 ,what his real expectations are1 ,i do not know2 but ,i fear1 if his appointment is equal to what ,i have been told is his expectation1 it will be attended with unhappy consequences4 ,to say nothing of the policy of intrusting a department1 on the execution of which the salvation of the army depends1 to a foreigner who has no other tie to bind him to the interests of this country than honor1 ,i would beg leave to observe that by putting ,mr4 ,d4 at the head of the artillery1 you will lose a very valuable officer in ,general ,knox1 who is a man of great military reading1 sound judgment1 and clear conceptions1 who will resign if any one is put over him4444 ,i am1 c41 ,g4 ,,washington4 ,vol4 ,,iv41 p4 #ddf4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,gouverneur ,,morris1 ,,esq4 ,,white ,,plains1 ,july #bd1 #aggh4 ,,dear ,,sir3--,the design of this is to touch cursorily upon a subject of very great importance to the well-being of these ,states3 much more so than will appear at first view4 ,i mean the appointment of so many foreigners to offices of high rank and trust in our service4 ,the lavish manner in which rank has hitherto been bestowed on these gentlemen1 will certainly be productive of one or the other of these two evils--either to make us despicable in the eyes of ,europe1 or become a means of pouring them in upon us like a torrent1 and adding to our present burden4 ,but it is neither the expense nor trouble of them that ,i dread3 there is an evil more extensive in its nature and fatal in its consequences to be apprehended1 and that is the driving of all our own officers out of the service1 and throwing not only our army but our military councils entirely into the hands of foreigners4 ,the officers1 my dear sir1 on whom you must depend for the defence of this cause1 distinguished by length of service1 their connections1 property1 and military merit1 will not submit much1 if any longer1 to the unnatural promotion of men over them who have nothing more than a little plausibility1 unbounded pride and ambition1 and a perseverance in application not to be resisted but by uncommon firmness1 to support their pretensions3 men who1 in the first instance1 tell you they wish for nothing more than the honor of serving in so glorious a cause as volunteers1 the next day solicit rank without pay1 the day following want money advanced to them1 and in the course of a week want further promotion1 and are not satisfied with any thing you can do for them4 ,the expediency and the policy of the measure remain to be considered1 and whether it is consistent with justice or prudence to promote these military fortune-hunters at the hazard of your army4 ,baron ,steuben1 ,i now find1 is also wanting to quit his inspectorship for a command in the line4 ,this will be productive of much discontent to the brigadiers4 ,in a word1 although ,i think the ,baron an excellent officer1 ,i do most devoutly wish that we had not a single foreigner among us1 except the ,marquis de ,lafayette1 who acts upon very different principles from those which govern the rest4 ,adieu4 ,i am most sincerely yours1 ,g4 ,,washington4 ,vol4 ,,vi41 p4 #ac4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,john ,,adams1 ,,vice-,,president ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states4 ,,philadelphia1 ,nov4 #bg1 #agid4 ,,dear ,,sir3--444 ,my opinion with respect to immigration is1 that except of useful mechanics and some particular description of men or professions1 there is no need of encouragement4 ,i am1 c41 ,g4 ,,washington4 ,vol4 ,,xi41 p4 #a4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,j4 ,q4 ,,adams1 ,,american ,,minister ,,at ,,berlin4 ,,mount ,,vernon1 ,jan4 #bj1 #agii4 ,,sir3--444 ,you know1 my good sir1 that it is not the policy of this country to employ aliens where it can well be avoided1 either in the civil or military walks of life4444 ,there is a species of self-importance in all foreign officers that cannot be gratified without doing injustice to meritorious characters among our own countrymen1 who conceive1 and justly1 where there is no great preponderancy of experience or merit1 that they are entitled to the occupancy of all offices in the gift of their government4 ,i am1 c41 ,g4 ,,washington4 ,vol4 ,,xi41 p4 #cib4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,same ,,date1 ,,to ,a ,,foreigner ,,applying ,,for ,,office4 ,,dear ,,sir3--444 ,it does not accord with the policy of this government to bestow offices1 civil or military1 upon foreigners1 to the exclusion of our own citizens4 ,yours1 c41 ,g4 ,,washington4 ,vol4 ,,xi41 p4 #cib4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,instructions ,,of ,,the ,,secretary ,,of ,,war ,,to ,,the ,,inspector-,,general4 ,,war ,,department1 ,feb4 #d1 #agii4 444 ,for the cavalry1 for the regulations restrict the recruiting officers to engage none except natives for this corps1 and those only as from their known character and fidelity may be trusted4 ,from the ,knoxville ,whig for ,march1 #ahef4 ,,who ,,is ,,millard ,,fillmore8 ,a ,brief history of the ,american nominee for the ,presidency is this3 ,he was born in the year #ahjj1 in ,cayuga county1 ,new ,york1 and is now fifty-six years of age4 ,his father was then1 as he now is1 a farmer1 in moderate circumstances2 and now lives in the county of ,erie1 a short distance from ,buffalo4 ,the limited means of the family prevented the old gentleman from giving his son ,millard any other or better education than was obtained in the imperfect common schools of that age4 ,in his sixteenth year1 ,mr4 ,fillmore was placed with a merchant tailor near his home to learn that business4 ,he remained four years in his apprenticeship1 during which time he had access to a small library1 improving the advantages it offered by perusing all the books therein contained4 ,judge ,wood1 of ,cayuga county1 pleased with his intellectual advancement1 urged him to study the profession of the law2 and as his poverty was the only obstacle in his way1 ,judge ,wood advanced him the necessary means1 relying upon his making a lawyer1 and being able by the practice of the profession to refund the money again4 ,with a portion of this money young ,fillmore bought his unexpired time1 which was for the winter1 and he pursued his legal studies with energy and success1 in the office of the noble ,judge4 ,in #ahbb1 he removed to ,buffalo1 where he was admitted to the bar4 ,his object in removing to ,buffalo was to complete his studies and to obtain a license4 ,this accomplished1 he removed to ,aurora1 not far from where his parents resided1 and there commenced the practice of his profession4 ,the confidence of his neighbors in his integrity and abilities was such that he found himself in the midst of a lucrative practice at once4 ,in #ahbf1 he was married to ,miss ,powers1 the daughter of a clergyman in the village of ,aurora1 and this excellent woman lived to see him elected ,vice-,president of the ,united ,states4 ,in #ahbi1 ,mr4 ,fillmore was elected from the county in which he married and where his parents lived to the ,general ,assembly of ,new ,york1 and for three years continued a member of this body1 distinguishing himself by his energy1 tact1 and wisdom in legislation4 ,through his energy and speeches1 ,imprisonment for ,debt was abolished1 and this so increased his popularity throughout the ,state1 that it was apparent that he could be elected to any office in the gift of the people of that ,state4 ,in #ahbi1 he was admitted a counsellor in the ,supreme ,court of ,new ,york1 and in #ahcb he removed to ,buffalo1 where he settled permanently and enlarged his practice as an attorney4 ,in #ahcb1 he was elected a representative in the #bc;d ,congress1 in which he served with industry and credit to himself and his district4 ,at the end of his term he renewed the practice of the law1 of choice1 but1 in #ahcf1 was prevailed on to again serve his district in ,congress2 and in the celebrated ,new ,jersey contested elections1 distinguished himself4 ,he was chosen to the next ,congress by the largest majority ever given to any man in the district2 and as ,chairman of the ,committee on ,ways and ,means1 acquired a reputation that any man might be proud of4 ,at the close of the #bgth ,congress1 his friends were anxious for his continuance in public life1 but he declined4 ,and in his address to his constituents1 dated at ,washington1 ,july #aath1 #ahdb1 he says3 ,pardon the personal vanity1 though it be a weakness1 that induces me to recur for a moment to the cherished recollections of your early friendship and abiding confidence4 ,i cannot give vent to the feelings of my heart without it4 ,it is now nearly fourteen years since you did me the unsolicited honor to nominate me to represent you in the ,state ,legislature4 ,seven times have ,i received renewed evidence of your confidence by as many elections1 and1 at the expiration of my present term1 ,i shall have served you three years in the ,state and eight years in the ,national ,councils4 ,i cannot recall the thousand acts of generous devotion from so many friends1 without feeling the deepest emotions of gratitude4 ,i came among you a poor and friendless boy4 ,you kindly took me by the hand and gave me your confidence and support4 ,you have conferred upon me distinction and honors1 for which ,i could make no adequate return1 but by honest and untiring effort faithfully to discharge the high trust which you confided to my keeping4 ,if my humble efforts have met your approbation1 ,i freely admit1 next to the approval of my own conscience1 it is the highest reward which ,i could receive for days of unceasing toil and nights of sleepless anxiety4 ,i profess not to be above or below the common frailties of our nature4 ,i will therefore not disguise the fact1 that ,i was highly gratified at my first election to ,congress2 yet ,i can truly say that my utmost ambition has been gratified4 ,i aspire to nothing more1 and shall retire from the exciting scenes of political strife to the quiet employments of my family and fireside1 with still more satisfaction than ,i felt when first elevated to distinguished station4 ,during this same year he returned to the practice of his profession1 and1 in #ahdd1 the ,whig ,state ,convention of ,new ,york put him in nomination for the office of ,governor1 in opposition to ,silas ,wright4 ,this was the only conflict in which he ever suffered defeat1 and the race was close4 ,in #ahdg1 without seeking or desiring the highly responsible office1 he was elected ,comptroller of the ,finances of the ,state1 and removed to ,albany1 where he discharged the duties of the office with great credit to himself and usefulness to the ,state1 resigning the office in ,february1 #ahdi1 to enter upon the duties of the office of ,vice-,president1 to which he had been called by the election in #ahdh4 ,gen4 ,taylor dying1 he became ,president1 and every patriot in the land remembers and admires the history of his administration4 ,gen4 ,cass and other distinguished ,democrats said his career had been one of genuine patriotism1 honor1 and usefulness2 and ,gov4 ,wise1 upon the stump in ,virginia1 characterized it as ,washington-like2 while the ,democratic papers and orators1 from ,maine to ,california1 declared that he ought to have been nominated in lieu of ,gen4 ,scott1 because he was one of the best men in ,america4 ,he is now in ,europe1 familiarizing himself with the workings of the despotic governments of that country4 ,before leaving1 almost one year ago1 he told his friends1 in answer to questions relating to the presidency1 not to start any newspapers for his benefit--not to publish any documents--not to make any speeches1 or even electioneer--and added1 that if the ,american people nominated him1 of their own free will and accord1 he would accept their nomination1 and if elected1 he would serve them to the best of his abilities4 ,his nomination1 therefore1 under the circumstances1 is a great honor1 and shows the implicit confidence the real people have in the integrity1 patriotism1 and qualifications of the man4 ,that he will go into the presidential chair almost by acclamation1 we have not the shadow of doubt4 ,as to ,mr4 ,fillmore's chances1 we consider them excellent1 and growing brighter every day4 ,the indications are now very clear that he will obtain a plurality1 if not a majority vote1 in most of the ,northern ,states2 and under the most unfavorable circumstances1 he will be sure to divide the electoral vote of the ,south1 so as to carry more ,states than ,,mr4 ,,buchanan4 ,virginia1 ,south ,carolina1 ,mississippi1 and ,alabama1 are the only four ,states we concede to the ,cincinnati nominee and one of these1 we confidently expect to carry4 ,georgia and ,arkansas we set down as doubtful1 and we contend that ,buchanan can't get either of them without a severe struggle4 ,we then make this estimate1 and claim as certain for ,,fillmore and ,,donelson the following ,states1 viz43 ,massachusetts #ac ,rhode ,island #d ,new ,york #ce ,new ,jersey #g ,pennsylvania #bg ,maryland #h ,kentucky #ab ,tennessee #ab ,north ,carolina #aj ,louisiana #f ,missouri #i ,california #d ,delaware #c ,florida #c ,this makes a total of #aeg--;eleven1 more than is necessary to an election4 ,this is not an extravagant1 but a very fair estimate4 ,the friends of the ,american ticket have a right to feel encouraged4 ,with proper exertions our ticket will carry4 ,let every ,american consider himself a sentinel upon the watch-tower--let every friend of the party do his duty1 and the result will not be doubtful4 ,and let all who believe that ,americans ought to rule ,america1 take courage--the skies are bright and brightening4 ,as it regards ,,mr4 ,,fillmore',s ,americanism1 that is settled--he has been a ,protestant ,american fifteen years in advance of the party1 as it now exists4 ,the ,hon4 ,j4 ,t4 ,,headley1 ,secretary of ,state of ,new ,york1 delivered a speech at the ,capital of his ,state1 ,march #gth1 #ahef1 in which he spoke of ,mr4 ,fillmore in the following language3 ,now1 in the first place1 he was an ,american years before those who denounce him ever thought of ,americanism4 ,the ,police constable of ,newburg elected last year on the ,american ticket1 told me1 that years ago1 when that well-known conflict occurred between the citizens of ,buffalo and the foreign population1 that a combination was formed called the ,american ,league4 ,the members of this ,league entered into a solemn compact to stand together and fight together for the rights of ,americans4 ,this constable was at the time an humble mechanic in ,buffalo1 and he said that he constantly met ,mr4 ,fillmore 7who was a member of that ,league with him7 at the ,council ,room4 ,thus you see that those who would arrogate to themselves the title of ,americans1 and yet carp at ,mr4 ,fillmore as wanting in ,american sentiment1 are really recent volunteers compared with him4 ,mr4 ,fillmore carried his ,american principles still farther and became 7so an officer in the same order informs me7 a member of the ,united ,americans4 ,he has always been a true ,american1 he is now1 and ever will be1 and is worthy to move at the head of the glorious column over which floats the flag bearing the inscription1 ',americans shall rule ,america4' ,after the defeat of ,,mr4 ,,clay1 in #ahdd1 ,,mr4 ,,fillmore addressed him this noble ,american letter3 ,,buffalo1 ,nov4 #ad1 #ahdd4 ,,my ,,dear ,,sir3--,i have thought for three or four days that ,i would write to you1 but really ,i am unmanned4 ,i have no courage or resolution4 ,all is gone4 ,the last hope1 which hung first upon the city of ,new ,york1 and then upon ,virginia1 is finally dissipated1 and ,i see nothing but despair depicted upon every countenance4 ,for myself1 ,i have no regrets4 ,i was nominated for ,governor much against my will1 and though not insensible to the pride of success1 yet ,i feel a kind of relief at being defeated4 ,but not so for you or the nation4 ,every consideration of justice1 every feeling of gratitude conspired in the minds of honest men to insure your election1 and though always doubtful of my own success1 ,i could never doubt yours1 till the painful conviction was forced upon me4 ,the ,abolitionists and ,foreign ,catholics have defeated us in this ,state4 ,i will not trust myself to speak of the vile hypocrisy of the leading ,abolitionists now4 ,doubtless many acted honestly and ignorantly in what they did4 ,but it is clear that ,birney and his associates sold themselves to ,locofocoism1 and they will doubtless receive their reward4 ,our opponents1 by pointing to the ,native ,americans and to ,mr4 ,frelinghuysen1 drove the ,foreign ,catholics from us and defeated us in this ,state4 ,but it is vain to look at the causes by which this infamous result has been produced4 ,it is enough to say that all is gone4 ,i must confess that nothing has happened to shake my confidence in our ability to sustain a free government so much as this4 ,,millard ,,fillmore4 ,but here is one other letter1 written to ,,isaac ,,newton1 just before ,,mr4 ,,fillmore left the ,united ,states for ,europe4 ,a more patriotic letter1 breathing more of the genuine ,american spirit1 we have never met with3 ,,buffalo1 ,n4 ,y41 ,jan4 #c1 #ahee4 ,,respected ,,friend ,,isaac ,,newton3--,it would give me great pleasure to accept your kind invitation to visit ,philadelphia1 if it were possible to make my visit private1 and limit it to a few personal friends whom ,i should be most happy to see2 but ,i know that this would be out of my power1 and ,i am therefore reluctantly compelled to decline your invitation1 as ,i have done others to ,new ,york and ,boston1 for the same reason4 ,i return you many thanks for your information on the subject of politics4 ,i am always happy to hear what is going forward1 but1 independent of the fact that ,i feel myself withdrawn from the political arena1 ,i have been too much depressed in spirit to take an active part in the late elections4 ,i contented myself with giving a silent vote for ,mr4 ,ullman1 for ,governor4 ,while1 however1 ,i am an inactive observer of public events1 ,i am by no means an indifferent one1 and ,i may say to you in the frankness of private friendship1 that ,i have for a long time looked with dread and apprehension at the corrupting influence which the contest for the foreign vote is exerting upon our elections4 ,this seems to result from its being banded together1 and subject to the control of a few interested and selfish leaders4 ,hence it has been a subject of bargain and sale1 and each of the great political parties of the country have been bidding to obtain it1 and1 as usual in all such contests1 the party which is most corrupt is most successful4 ,the consequence is1 that it is fast demoralizing the whole country2 corrupting the very fountains of political power2 and converting the ballot-box--that great palladium of our liberty--into an unmeaning mockery1 where the rights of native-born citizens are voted away by those who blindly follow their mercenary and selfish leaders4 ,the evidence of this is found not merely in the shameless chaffering for the foreign vote at every election1 but in the large disproportion of offices which are now held by foreigners at home and abroad1 as compared with our native citizens4 ,where is the true-hearted ,american whose cheek does not tingle with shame and mortification to see our highest and most coveted foreign missions filled by men of foreign birth to the exclusion of native-born8 ,such appointments are a humiliating confession to the crowned heads of ,europe that a ,republican soil does not produce sufficient talent to represent a ,republican nation at a monarchical court4 ,i confess that it seems to me--with all due respect to others--that1 as a general rule1 our country should be governed by ,american-born citizens4 ,let us give to the oppressed of every country an asylum and a home in our happy land1 give to all the benefits of equal laws1 and equal protection2 but let us at the same time cherish1 as the apple of our eye1 the great principles of constitutional liberty1 which few who have not had the good fortune to be reared in a free country know how to appreciate and still less how to preserve4 ,washington1 in that inestimable legacy which he left to his country--his farewell address--has wisely warned us to beware of foreign influence as the most baneful foe of a republican government4 ,he saw it to be sure in a different light from that in which it now presents itself2 but he knew it would approach us in all forms1 and hence he cautioned us against the insidious wiles of its influence4 ,therefore1 as well for our own sakes1 to whom this invaluable inheritance of self-government has been left by our forefathers1 as for the sake of unborn millions who are to inherit this land--foreign and native--let us take warning of the ,father of his ,country1 and do what we can justly to preserve our institutions from corruption and our country from dishonor1 but let this be done by the people themselves in their sovereign capacity by making a proper discrimination in the selection of officers1 and not by depriving any individual--native or foreign-born--of any constitutional or legal right to which he is entitled4 ,these are my sentiments in brief2 and although ,i have sometimes almost despaired of my country when ,i have witnessed the rapid strides of corruption1 yet ,i think ,i perceive a gleam of hope in the future1 and ,i now feel confident1 that when the great mass of intelligence in this enlightened country is once fully aroused1 and the danger manifested1 it will fearlessly apply the remedy1 and bring back the government to the pure days of ,washington's administration4 ,finally1 let us adopt the old ,roman motto1 ',never despair of the ,republic4' ,let us do our duty1 and trust in that ,providence which has so signally watched over and preserved us for the result4 ,but ,i have said more than ,i intended1 and much more than ,i should have said to any one but a trusted friend1 as ,i have no desire to mingle in political strife4 ,remember me kindly to your family1 and believe me truly your friend1 ,,millard ,,fillmore4 ,in ,march1 #ahea1 ,,lewis ,,cass1 than whom there is not a more devoted partisan in the ,democratic ranks1 delivered a speech on the floor of the ,united ,states ,senate1 in the course of which he paid the following just compliment to ,mr4 ,fillmore's integrity1 and to his efficiency in pacifying the country1 while he was ,president4 ,we quote from the ,congressional ,globe1 and hold it up as a withering rebuke to those lesser lights of ,democracy1 who are now defaming this pure and patriotic statesman3 ,the ,administration has placed itself high in the great work of pacifying the country1 and they received the meed of approbation from political friends and political foes4 ,i partake of the same sentiment4 ,i do them justice4 ,but ,i am a ,democrat1 and1 ,god willing1 ,i mean to die one4 ,this is a ,whig administration1 but there is no reason ,i should not do them justice2 and ,i do it with pleasure1 in this great matter of the salvation of this country--if ,i may say so4 ,i have done so2 shall continue to do so1 whatever sneers their papers may contain2 for ,i do it not for their sake1 but for the sake of their country4 ,the ,democratic ,review--the highest ,democratic authority in the ,united ,states--for ,december1 #ahee1 commenting upon the ,compromise ,measures of #ahej1 thus spoke of ,mr4 ,fillmore1 in a moment of candor1 long before ,mr4 ,fillmore was nominated by the ,american party for the ,presidency3 ,momentous events were transpiring4 ,the agitation of the question of slavery was paramount in the public mind4 ,in this crisis1 it was well that so reliable a man as ,mr4 ,fillmore was found in the ,presidential chair4 ,the safety and perpetuity of the ,union were threatened4 ,already had fanaticism raised its hydra-head4 ,schemes and 'isms' leaped from a thousand ambuscades4 ,the enemies of the ,union started forth on every side--,abolitionism here2 secessionism there2 acquisition and filibusterism elsewhere4 ,these were the formidable elements of misrule with which the ,executive had to cope4 ,how well he met1 and how entirely he for the time overcame these enemies of the peace of the republic1 we leave the historian to relate2 but our retrospect would be incomplete and disingenuous1 did we not accord the meed of praise justly due to high moral excellence and intellectual and administrative honesty and talent1 as developed in the administration of ,mr4 ,fillmore4 ,since the foregoing was prepared for the press1 ,mr4 ,fillmore's letter of acceptance has come to hand1 greatly to the annoyance of the ,democratic and anti-,american fuglemen and politicians4 ,we congratulate the country upon the patriotic1 national1 and truly ,american spirit which pervades this chaste and well-written document4 ,it is just what we expected from one of the very first men in the ,nation4 ,his reference to his past course as a guaranty for the future is well-timed4 ,sectional legislation he is opposed to2 and sectional agitation he will use his influence to suppress4 ,we ask every man into whose hands this work shall fall1 to read this admirable letter for himself3 it is worthy of the man and the times2 nay1 it is the letter of a patriot and a statesman-- ,who for his country feels alone1 ,and loves her weal1 beyond his own4 ,,copy4 ,,philadelphia1 ,feb4 #bfth1 #ahef4 ,to the ,hon4 ,millard ,fillmore3 ,,sir3--,the ,national ,convention of the ,american party1 which has just closed its session in this city1 has unanimously chosen you as the candidate for the ,presidency of the ,united ,states in the election to be held in ,november next4 ,it has associated with you ,andrew ,jackson ,donelson1 ,esq41 of ,tennessee1 as the candidate for the ,vice-,presidency4 ,the ,convention has charged the undersigned with the agreeable duty of communicating these proceedings to you1 and of asking your acceptance of a nomination which will receive not only the cordial support of the great national party in whose name it is made1 but the approbation also of large numbers of other enlightened friends of the ,constitution and the ,union1 who will rejoice in the opportunity to testify their grateful appreciation of your faithful service in the past1 and their confidence in your experience and integrity for the guidance of the future4 ,the undersigned take advantage of this occasion to tender to you the expression of their own gratification in the proceedings of the ,convention1 and to assure you of the high consideration with which they are yours1 c4 ,,alexander ,h4 ,h4 ,,stuart1 ,,andrew ,,stewart1 ,,erastus ,,brooks1 ,e4 ,b4 ,,bartlett1 ,,wm4 ,j4 ,,eames1 ,,ephraim ,,marsh4 ,committee1 c4 ,,paris1 ,may #bast1 #ahef4 ,,gentlemen3--,i have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter informing me that the ,national ,convention of the ,american party1 which had just closed its session at ,philadelphia1 had unanimously presented my name for the ,presidency of the ,united ,states1 and associated with it that of ,andrew ,jackson ,donelson for the ,vice-,presidency4 ,this unexpected communication met me at ,venice on my return from ,italy1 and the duplicate1 mailed thirteen days later1 was received on my arrival in this city last evening4 ,this must account for my apparent neglect in giving a more prompt reply4 ,you will pardon me for saying that when my administration closed in #ahec1 ,i considered my political life as a public man at an end1 and thenceforth ,i was only anxious to discharge my duty as a private citizen4 ,hence ,i have taken no active part in politics4 ,but ,i have by no means been an indifferent spectator of passing events2 nor have ,i hesitated to express my opinion on all political subjects when asked2 nor to give my vote and private influence for those men and measures ,i thought best calculated to promote the prosperity and glory of our common country4 ,beyond this ,i deemed it improper for me to interfere4 ,but this unsolicited and unexpected nomination has imposed upon me a new duty1 from which ,i cannot shrink2 and therefore1 approving1 as ,i do1 of the general objects of the party which has honored me with its confidence1 ,i cheerfully accept its nomination1 without waiting to inquire of its prospects of success or defeat4 ,it is sufficient for me to know that by so doing ,i yield to the wishes of a large portion of my fellow-citizens in every part of the ,union1 who1 like myself1 are sincerely anxious to see the administration of our government restored to that original simplicity and purity which marked the first years of its existence2 and1 if possible1 to quiet that alarming sectional agitation1 which1 while it delights the ,monarchists of ,europe1 causes every true friend of our own country to mourn4 ,having the experience of past service in the administration of the ,government1 ,i may be permitted to refer to that as the exponent of the future1 and to say1 should the choice of the ,convention be sanctioned by the people1 ,i shall1 with the same scrupulous regard for the rights of every section of the ,union which then influenced my conduct1 endeavor to perform every duty confided by the ,constitution and laws to the ,executive4 ,as the proceedings of this ,convention have marked a new era in the history of the country1 by bringing a new political organization into the approaching ,presidential canvass1 ,i take the occasion to reaffirm my full confidence in the patriotic purposes of that organization1 which ,i regard as springing out of a public necessity1 forced upon the country1 to a large extent1 by unfortunate sectional divisions1 and the dangerous tendency of those divisions towards disunion4 ,it alone1 in my opinion1 of all the political agencies now existing1 is possessed of the power to silence this violent and disastrous agitation1 and to restore harmony by its own example of moderation and forbearance4 ,it has a claim1 therefore1 in my judgment1 upon every earnest friend of the integrity of the ,union4 ,so estimating this party1 both in its present position and future destiny1 ,i freely adopt its great leading principles as announced in the recent declaration of the ,national ,council at ,philadelphia1 a copy of which you were so kind as to enclose me1 holding them to be just and liberal to every true interest of the country1 and wisely adapted to the establishment and support of an enlightened1 safe1 and effective ,american policy1 in full accord with the ideas and the hopes of the fathers of our ,republic4 ,i expect shortly to sail for ,america2 and1 with the blessings of ,divine ,providence1 hope soon to tread my native soil4 ,my opportunity of comparing my own country and the condition of its people with those of ,europe1 has only served to increase my admiration and love for our own blessed land of liberty1 and ,i shall return to it without even a desire ever to cross the ,atlantic again4 ,i beg of you1 gentlemen1 to accept my thanks for the very flattering manner in which you have been pleased to communicate the results of the action of that enlightened and patriotic body of men who composed the late ,convention1 and to be assured that ,i am1 with profound respect and esteem1 ,your friend and fellow-citizen1 ,,millard ,,fillmore4 ,messrs4 ,alex4 ,h4 ,h4 ,stuart1 ,andrew ,stewart1 ,erastus ,brooks1 ,e4 ,b4 ,bartlett1 ,wm4 ,j4 ,eames1 ,ephraim ,marsh1 ,committee4 ,,who ,,is ,,andrew ,j4 ,,donelson8 ,this gentleman being now the nominee of the ,american party for the office of ,vice-,president1 naturally attracts much of public attention2 and as a matter to be looked for1 and not at all to be regretted1 draws down upon him great abuse and slander from the hireling editors of the corrupt party opposing him4 ,we will let a neighbor of ,major ,donelson1 who has had access to his papers1 and who has prepared and published in the ,nashville ,banner a sketch of his life1 answer the question propounded at the head of this chapter3 ,,mr4 ,,donelson is the second son of ,samuel ,donelson1 deceased1 who was the brother of the late ,mrs4 ,jackson4 ,his eldest brother died in #ahag1 soon after the ,creek ,war1 in which he participated as a soldier under ,general ,jackson4 ,his death was announced to ,mr4 ,donelson by ,general ,jackson in the following terms3 ',whilst we regret his loss1 he has left us the endearing recollection that there was not a stain upon his character4 ,he has performed his duty here below1 and has taken his flight to realms above1 as unspotted as an angel4 ,what a lesson he has given us6 ,how delightful to dwell upon the idea that he has walked in the paths of virtue during his whole life1 without a blemish on his character1 and that all his friends may recount his acts with pride and pleasure6' ,the younger brother is still living in the paternal mansion1 and was a member of the last ,legislature of ,tennessee4 ,the mother of these children afterwards married ,mr4 ,james ,sanders1 of ,sumner county1 ,tennessee1 and is still enjoying good health4 ,she is the only daughter of ,gen4 ,daniel ,smith1 who was one of the surveyors of the line between ,virginia and ,north ,carolina1 and succeeded ,gen4 ,jackson in the ,senate of the ,united ,states4 ,general ,smith had an important agency in shaping the early history of ,tennessee--having represented a portion of the people in the ,north ,carolina ,legislature1 and in the ,convention which ratified the ,constitution of the ,united ,states4 ,he was also ,secretary of the ,territory1 and a member of the ,convention of #agif4 ,he was a native of ,virginia1 and emigrated to ,tennessee soon after he had surveyed the line between that ,state and ,north ,carolina1 having1 while in the execution of that service1 seen the fine lands in ,middle ,tennessee4 ,he settled the lands upon which his grandson1 ,henry ,smith1 now resides2 and built the mansion1 which is still there1 at a period when the men engaged in quarrying the rock had to be guarded from the attacks of the ,indians4 ,the father of ,samuel ,donelson1 ,col4 ,john ,donelson1 was also a native of ,virginia1 and at onetime a ,representative of one of her oldest counties1 ,pittsylvania1 in the ,house of ,burgesses4 ,he possessed in an eminent degree the respect of the ,provincial ,governor of that ,commonwealth1 from whom he received the appointment of ,indian ,commissioner about the year #aggj2 and it is to his bold and enterprising spirit that we are in a great measure indebted for the ,indian ,treaties which extended the settlements of ,virginia through ,kentucky to the ,ohio river4 ,he left ,port ,patrick ,henry in #aggi1 descending the ,tennessee river with all his family1 in boats built on the ,holston1 and came up the ,cumberland in those boats as high as the ,clover ,bottom1 encountering incredible toils and dangers4 ,three years afterwards1 in #agic1 in conjunction with ,col4 ,martin1 he concluded an ,indian ,treaty1 by which the settlements on the ,cumberland river were greatly benefited2 but he had1 previously to his departure from ,virginia1 under a contract with ,georgia1 explored the country1 and run the line between that ,state and ,north ,carolina1 as far west as the ,mississippi river4 ,after settling his family near the present site of the ,hermitage1 he was killed by the ,indians1 on a journey to ,kentucky1 near the ,big ,barren ,river1 at the advanced age of #ge4 ,samuel ,donelson was a lawyer by profession1 and the intimate friend and associate of ,gen4 ,jackson1 after whom he named his son ,andrew1 who was born on the #beth of ,august1 #ahjj4 ,on the second marriage of his mother1 this son was taken into the family of the ,general1 who became his guardian and patron2 and he remained the most of his time with him until he was prepared to enter the ,cumberland ,college4 ,after finishing his studies at this school1 ,gen4 ,jackson obtained for him a ,cadet's warrant1 which enabled him to enter the ,military ,academy at ,west ,point1 in #ahaf4 ,he was one of the first class which was graduated under the superintendence of ,col4 ,thayer--finishing the course of studies in three1 instead of four years2 as is customary4 ,throughout his service at ,west ,point1 he was distinguished for his proficiency in mathematics1 and for the facility with which he mastered all the studies which appertain to military science4 ,no higher proof need be adduced of this fact1 than the position assigned to him by the ,board of ,examiners and ,visitors1 when he graduated4 ,he was placed ,no4 #b1 in a class of great merit1 notwithstanding he had the studies of two years to pass through in one year1 and was recommended to the ,department of ,war for a commission in the ,engineer ,corps--a compliment accorded only to the most distinguished of the class4 ,after obtaining his commission1 ,mr4 ,donelson was ordered to the ,western frontier to build a fort2 but before he reached this destination1 the ,war ,department1 on the application of ,gen4 ,jackson1 allowed him to accept the appointment of ,aide-de-camp in the staff of the ,general4 ,in this capacity he attended the ,general when he took possession of the ,floridas1 and remained with him until the latter resigned his commission in the army4 ,at this period1 ,mr4 ,donelson seeing no prospect for rapid promotion in the corps of ,engineers1 and sharing the conviction then so prevalent in the army1 that the conclusion of the war with ,england had shut the door for a long time to come against those military enterprises which are so tempting to the officer and soldier1 and feeling also that he could be more useful in the pursuits of civil life1 turned his attention to the study of law4 ,he accordingly resigned his commission2 and after attending the course of law lectures in the ,transylvania ,university1 then under the presidency of ,dr4 ,holly1 he received his license1 and appeared at the ,nashville bar in #ahbc1 having formed a partnership with ,mr4 ,duncan4 ,circumstances1 however1 soon occurred1 which withdrew him in a great degree from the practice4 ,general ,jackson was again in the field as a candidate for the ,presidency1 and needed the services of a confidential friend to aid him in repelling the bitter assaults which were made upon his character and services4 ,animated by a deep sense of gratitude1 no duty could be more pleasing to ,mr4 ,donelson than that of contributing his labor to advance the great popular movement which aimed1 by the elevation of his benefactor and friend1 to promote the highest interests of the country4 ,he therefore cheerfully entered again into the ,general's family1 and travelled with him to ,washington ,city after the elections in #ahbd4 ,those elections devolved the choice of ,president upon the ,house of ,representatives4 ,mr4 ,adams was the successful candidate1 although ,gen4 ,jackson had a much larger popular vote1 and was evidently the favorite of the people4 ,as is well known to the country1 the result of that election gave increased force to the sentiment which had placed ,gen4 ,jackson in nomination4 ,the efforts of his friends throughout the ,union became more active1 and were never abated until the decision of the ,house of ,representatives in #ahbd was reversed1 and ,gen4 ,jackson placed in the ,presidential chair4 ,during these four years1 ,mr4 ,donelson1 who had married in #ahbd1 settled upon his plantation adjoining the ,hermitage1 and continued there to promote the cause he had espoused so warmly in the beginning4 ,when the elections of #ahbh were over1 ,gen4 ,jackson insisted upon the acceptance by ,mr4 ,donelson of the post of private ,secretary4 ,mr4 ,d4 accordingly set out with him in the winter of #ahbh for the city of ,washington1 taking with him his wife1 whom he had married in #ahbd4 ,this lady was the youngest daughter of ,capt4 ,john ,donelson1 and was invited by ,gen4 ,jackson to do the honors of the ,white ,house--a position which she held throughout the greater portion of his ,presidency4 ,it was in this capacity that ,mr4 ,donelson endeared himself still more than ever to the ,hero of the ,hermitage4 ,he spent the prime of his life1 from #ahbh to #ahcf1 in his service1 and he felt himself amply rewarded by the knowledge he thus acquired of public men and measures4 ,at the close of ,gen4 ,jackson's ,presidency1 ,mr4 ,donelson declined to take office under ,mr4 ,van ,buren1 being anxious for a respite from public affairs1 and to enjoy the pleasures of his farm2 upon which he remained until he was called unexpectedly to take a part in the negotiation which brought ,texas into our ,union4 ,it was upon this theatre that he displayed the judgment and tact which brought him prominently before the country as a man that understood the public interests1 and knew how to take care of them4 ,the commission appointing ,mr4 ,donelson ,minister to ,texas is dated the #afth of ,september1 #ahdd4 ,mr4 ,calhoun1 then ,secretary of ,state1 in the letter enclosing the commission1 says3 ',the state of things in ,texas is such as to require that the place 7,charge d',affaires7 should be filled without delay1 and to select him who1 under all circumstances1 may be thought best calculated to bring to a successful decision the great question of annexation pending before the two countries4 ,after full deliberation1 you have been selected as that individual2 and ,i do trust1 my dear sir1 that you will not decline the appointment1 however great may be the personal sacrifice of accepting4 ,that great question must be decided in the next three or four months2 and whether it shall be favorable or not1 will depend on him who shall fill the mission now tendered you4 ,i need not tell you how much depends on its decision for weal or woe to our country1 and perhaps the whole continent4 ,it is sufficient to say that1 viewed in all its consequences1 it is one of the first magnitude2 and that it gives an importance to the mission at this time1 that raises it to the level with the highest in the gift of the ,government4 ,assuming1 therefore1 that you will not decline the appointment1 unless some insuperable difficulty should interpose1 and in order to avoid delay1 a commission is herewith transmitted1 without the formality of waiting your acceptance1 with all the necessary papers4' ,president ,polk1 after this1 confided an important and most critical foreign negotiation to ,major ,donelson2 and his estimate of the prudence1 discretion1 and ability with which ,major ,donelson discharged his trust1 appears from a letter to ,major ,d4 from the ,hon4 ,john ,y4 ,mason1 ,president ,polk's ,secretary of ,war1 dated ,august #gth1 #ahde4 ,from that letter1 complimentary from beginning to end1 we copy only this portion3 ,the services which you have rendered your country in the delicate negotiations intrusted to you1 are justly appreciated4 ,your prudence1 discretion1 and ability have inspired the ,president with a confidence which would make him feel much more at ease if that delicate task could be in your hands4 ,it gives me great pleasure to assure you that the publication of your official correspondence will give you a most enviable reputation for the highest qualities of a statesman and diplomatist4 ,the ,president unites in the kindest regards1 with your friend1 ,j4 ,y4 ,,mason4 ,,president ,,pierce',s opinion of ,major ,donelson may be learned from the following letter1 written by him to the ,major when the latter was the editor of the ,washington ,union1 the ,national ,organ of the ,democratic party3 ,,concord1 ,may #cj1 #ahea4 ,,my ,,dear ,,sir3 ,i rejoice that the leading organ of our party is now under your control1 and regard the change as most auspicious at this juncture4 ,there is a great battle before us--a battle for the ,union--a battle for the ascendency of the principles1 the maintenance of which so nobly signalized the administration of ,general ,jackson4 ,,the ,,tone1 ,,vigor1 ,,and ,,statesmanlike ,,grasp which you have brought to the columns of the ,union are not merely important1 they are ,,absolutely ,,indispensable in this crisis4 ,with great respect1 your friend and servant1 ,,frank4 ,,pierce4 ,the following article is from the ,nashville ,union1 of ,october #ae1 #ahdd1 the ,tennessee ,organ of ,democracy1 published within a few miles of where ,major ,donelson lives1 and has passed most of his life4 ,this article shows what opinion was entertained of him before he became a ,know-,nothing3 ,the diplomatic agency of this government in ,texas is1 at this moment1 the most important mission abroad2 although it ranks with those of the second class1 its high and important duties require the talents of one every way qualified for the first foreign mission on the globe4 ,we congratulate the administration on having been able to secure the services of one so eminently qualified in all respects for the station1 whose thorough knowledge of the relations subsisting between the two countries1 and whose intimate acquaintance with the prominent statesmen of this and that government1 will place him in the enjoyment of advantages which cannot fail to secure to us the most desirable results4 ,major ,donelson leaves his plantation near the ,hermitage to-day--proceeding overland to the ,mississippi river on his way to the ,texan ,capital--and we cannot but participate in the painful emotions with which the word 'farewell' will be exchanged between himself and his venerable patron1 friend1 and relative1 ',the ,sage of the ,hermitage4' ,in view of the advanced age of ,general ,jackson1 it is more than probable that they may never meet again4 ,a relationship next to that of father and son1 if1 indeed1 it be not equally near and dear1 will be severed perhaps for ever4 ,and we feel assured that nothing short of a sense of ,,duty ,,to ,,his ,,country could have induced an acceptance of the mission4 ,nor1 for this patriotic reason1 would the aged veteran advise him to decline it4 ,major ,d4 leaves a host of good and true friends1 who will continue to have an abiding solicitude for his health and happiness1 and for his early and complete success in 'extending the area of freedom4' ,mr4 ,clayton1 ,secretary of ,state under ,gen4 ,taylor1 wrote to ,major ,donelson1 announcing the expiration of the diplomatic relations between the ,united ,states and ,germany1 7where the ,major was stationed17 and closed with the following complimentary expressions3 ,i am directed by the ,president to express to you his entire approbation of your conduct1 and ,i cannot take leave of you in your public character without adding my testimony to that of the ,president to the ability and faithfulness with which you have discharged the arduous and delicate duties which your mission imposed upon you4 ,,john ,m4 ,,clayton4 ,the ,democratic party having always boasted that ,gen4 ,jackson was unsurpassed in his keen and unerring insight into the characters of men1 we must be permitted to call their attention to a clause in the ,last ,will and ,testament of ,gen4 ,jackson1 as recorded in the county of ,davidson4 ,this clause sets forth the estimate placed upon ,mr4 ,donelson by the old ,general1 after this fashion3 ,,hermitage1 ,june #g1 #ahdc4 444 ,i bequeath to my well-beloved nephew1 ,andrew ,j4 ,donelson1 son of ,samuel ,donelson1 deceased1 the elegant sword presented to me by the ,state of ,tennessee1 with this injunction1 that he fail not to use it when necessary in support and protection of our glorious ,union1 and for the protection of the constitutional rights of our beloved country1 should they be assailed by foreign enemies or domestic traitors4 ,this1 from the great change in my worldly affairs of late1 is1 with my blessing1 all that ,i can bequeath him1 doing justice to those creditors to whom ,i am responsible4 ,this bequest is made as a memento of the high regard1 affection1 and esteem ,i bear for him as a high-minded1 honest1 and honorable man4 ,and now1 to show that ,gen4 ,jackson had not changed his opinion of the ,major1 we give about the last epistle he ever wrote to him1 as it bears date but a few days previous to his death3 ,,hermitage1 ,may #bd1 #ahde4 ,,my ,,dear ,,andrew3 ,i received last night your affectionate letter of the #aeth inst41 with the enclosed for your dear ,elizabeth1 which ,i sent forthwith1 and your kind letter of the #acth this morning4 ,your family were here yesterday4 ,all well1 but looking out for you hourly4 ,i assured ,elizabeth that you could not leave your mission before the ,texan ,congress acted upon the subject with which you were charged4 ,i shall admonish her to be patient and await your return1 which will be the moment your honor and duty will permit4 99 99 99 99 99 ,my dear ,andrew3--,what may be my fate ,god only knows4 ,i am greatly afflicted--suffer much1 and it will be almost a miracle if ,i shall survive my present attack4 ,i am swollen from the toes to the crown of the head1 and in bandages to my hips4 ,how far my ,god may think proper to bear me up under my weight of afflictions1 he only knows4 ,but1 my dear ,major1 live or die1 you have my blessing and prayers for your welfare and happiness in this world1 and that we may meet in a blissful immortality4 ,your affectionate uncle1 ,,andrew ,,jackson4 ,while editor of the ,washington ,union1 ,major ,donelson frankly admitted1 in his account of the election in ,tennessee1 between ,gov4 ,campbell and ,gen4 ,trousdale1 that the latter owed his defeat to his opposition to the ,compromise measures1 and his sympathies with the ,disunionists4 ,in the ,hartford ,convention held in ,nashville1 the ,major appeared in person1 and denounced the whole concern as a blow at the ,union1 and its prime movers and advocates as traitors to their country and to the ,constitution4 ,these ,secession ,democrats1 headed by ,a4 ,v4 ,brown1 ,eastman ,co41 are uncompromising in their hatred of the ,major1 and they never will forgive him1 while he remains true to the ,union of these ,states1 and the ,constitution as it is1 which will be to the latest hour of his earthly existence6 ,had he never opposed the treasonable designs of the ,nashville ,convention--and had he not advocated the doctrines of the ,american party1 these same men would now be loud in his praise1 as the relative1 the political student1 and the successor of the ,sage of the ,hermitage6 ,from the ,knoxville ,whig of ,june #ad1 #ahef4 ,,buchanan ,,nominated ,,at ,,cincinnati4--,,dispersion ,,of ,,falstaff',s ,,army6 ,the ,cincinnati ,anti-,american1 ,anti-,protestant1 ,foreign ,catholic1 ,locofoco ,pow ,wow1 has met--transacted its appropriate business--nominated old ,federal ,james ,buchanan1 of ,pennsylvania1 for the ,presidency1 and ,robert ,c4 ,breckenridge1 of ,kentucky1 for the ,vice ,presidency--and dispersed3 dealing largely in the old game of brag1 as to the nationality1 soundness1 and ability of their ticket2 when it is notorious1 that they have at the head of their ticket one of the most vulnerable men in the nation2 an old political hack1 who has been every thing by turns and nothing long2 advocating and opposing all the leading measures which have agitated the country for the last forty years1 as we shall show in the sequel6 ,they had an awful time at ,cincinnati6 ,they organized by calling to the chair1 temporarily1 the notorious ,sam'l4 ,medary1 the ,abolition editor of the ,ohio ,statesman4 ,either the anti-slavery forces were in the majority1 or the odds and ends of all parties represented in the ,convention desired to conciliate the ,abolition and ,black ,republican wings of their ,foreign ,corporation6 ,the ,missouri ,delegation were refused their seats1 and they openly rebelled1 forcing their way into the ,convention with clubs1 knocking down and cruelly mangling the head and shoulders of the poor doorkeeper6 ,from this1 it would seem that they were doing business with closed doors6 ,wonder if they had a password6 ,had they signs and grips1 other than those by which they made themselves known to the doorkeeper8 ,did they carry with them dark-lanterns8 ,not they--they are opposed to all secrecy--they are opposed to all disorderly conduct--they are the harmonious ,democracy1 and labor alone for the good of the country1 and of posterity6 ,what a farce their ,cincinnati ,convention was6 ,and what hypocrites they are6 ,but two full sets of ,delegates appeared from ,new ,york1 and claimed their seats2 these were ,hards and ,softs--,pierce and anti-,pierce--,nebraska and anti-,nebraska--pro-,slavery and anti-,slavery1 ,filibustering ,foreign ,catholic ,democrats6 ,being unable to agree among themselves1 and the ,convention not wishing to offend either of these wings of the great ,harmonious ,democratic ,party1 they rejected both delegations6 ,this was having a bad effect1 as a portion of each delegation was out of doors cursing the majority1 and making threats as to what they would do4 ,so the ,convention reconsidered their cases1 and ,,admitted ,,both ,,delegations ,,to ,,seats4 ,they then progressed harmoniously1 much after the style of a rickety old cart on a hill-side1 drawn by a balky horse1 whose driver curses him when at fault1 and curses him when faultless4 ,frequently the scenes of confusion and excitement were alike disgusting and alarming4 ,the friends of ,douglass1 ,pierce1 and ,buchanan1 were alike bitter1 and each disposed to ruin the party if they should fail to get their man nominated4 ,the anti-slavery portion of the ,convention were much incensed against the ,south for the lam-basting given to ,senator ,sumner by ,representative ,brooks1 for words spoken in debate4 ,one of ,buchanan's men boasted that the assault of ,brooks on ,sumner had gained twenty votes for ,old ,buck6 ,and others of the ,buchanan wing1 out of doors1 were stating that they had reliable evidence that ,old ,buck did not approve the assault1 while ,pierce and ,douglass did6 ,we have no doubt that this sort of influence1 added to ,buchanan's known hostility to slavery1 secured for him the nomination4 ,and1 as if desirous to atone for the sin against the ,south of nominating an old ,anti-,slavery ,federalist1 they came into a ,southern ,state1 ,kentucky1 and selected a young and inexperienced politician1 ,mr4 ,robert ,c4 ,breckenridge1 for the ,vice ,presidency4 ,as ,breckenridge is brave1 and has challenged his man for a duel1 they can now turn about and appeal to the ,church-going folks to sustain their ticket for what they implored them to repudiate the ,whig ticket in #ahdd6 ,besides1 ,breckenridge approves the basting of ,sumner by ,brooks1 and this will offset ,buchanan's opposition to that ,southern ,democratic measure6 ,breckenridge has another virtue1 which aided in securing his nomination4 ,though the nephew of those able ,know-,nothing ,presbyterian ,preachers of that ,state1 he has the independence to come out in opposition to them1 and the insulting claims set up by ,protestants generally1 and to advocate and defend the ,roman ,catholics4 ,the rich and racy scenes that came off in the ,convention1 we will leave our several friends from ,nashville1 who were there as reporters in the ,convention for the ,american papers1 to set forth4 ,with more truth than poetry1 the unterrified ,democracy convened at ,cincinnati can say1 ,our army swore terribly in ,flanders6 ,and how could it have been otherwise8 ,the ,convention was large--composed of several hundred delegates1 drawn together from all sections of the country1 ,east1 ,west1 ,north1 and ,south--held together by the cohesive power of public plunder--and representing every variety and shade of opinion known and held under the much abused but comprehensive name of ,democracy6 ,nor was the moral and personal character of the ,convention less mixed and many-colored than was its politics4 ,in looking over the proceedings of this coalition and combination of ,bogus ,democrats1 ,foreign ,pauper ,advocates1 and anti-,protestant lovers of ,religious ,liberty1 we have looked in vain for the names of distinguished ,tennesseeans1 who ought to have been second best1 to say the least of it1 in the ballots for a nomination6 ,it was that ,aaron ,v4 ,brown1 the son of a now sainted father1 was put in nomination for the office of ,vice ,president1 by a ,mr4 ,brown1 supposed to be his nephew2 but making no run at all1 he was taken off the track instantly--rubbed down and salted away6 ,but ,andrew ,johnson1 who was to have been nominated for the first office within the gift of the ,american people and no mistake1 767 was not even named1 and some say he was not even thought of for the position4 ,we had supposed that there existed among the leaders of the self-styled ,democracy1 a determination to doom to utter extinction the light that has guided the children of ,political ,reform in ,tennessee1 and throughout the known world1 and now we know it6 ,the opposers of intellectual emancipation1 of ,jacob's ,ladder ,democracy1 so superior to ,christianity1 have triumphed at ,cincinnati1 and trampled under foot1 with impunity1 the soul-stirring doctrine of converging lines4 ,the next steps with these enemies of righteousness will be the rack1 the gibbet1 and a second edition of the infernal inquisition6 ,will the friends of the ,white ,basis ,governor of ,tennessee tamely surrender their dearest rights to these ,cincinnati crusaders1 without a single struggle8 ,will they allow the saddle of ,federal domination to be quietly thrown on their backs8 ,ye ,greene county delegates forbid it6 ,but ,johnson is doomed to an inglorious retirement from public life4 ,he can console himself with the reflection1 that rank only degrades--wealth only impoverishes--ornaments but disfigure him6 ,the man who discovered that the ,bogus ,democracy of the nineteenth century leads fallen sinful man to the throne of ,god1 needs no office to elevate him4 ,these ,johnson ,democrats enjoy the pure religion of ,democracy--a religion which enters the closet--pours forth its supplications in private1 feeds the poor1 clothes the naked--inflames not the prejudices of ,protestant sects--is modest and unassuming in its demeanor--is charitable and kind to the persecuted and pious ,catholics--bears with the infirmities of ,foreign ,paupers--is not ambitious and designing1 seeking to accomplish vast schemes by doubtful means6 ,while ,old ,federal ,buck was nominated on the seventeenth ballot1 after much excitement1 wrangling and abuse1 young ,breckenridge1 whose only merit is his having challenged the ,hon4 ,francis ,b4 ,cutting1 of ,new ,york1 to fight a duel1 two years ago1 was nominated on the second ballot4 ,the ballot for a candidate for the ,vice ,presidency resulted as follows3 ,john ,c4 ,breckenridge1 of ,kentucky1 #ee ,john ,a4 ,quitman1 of ,mississippi1 #ei ,linn ,boyd1 of ,kentucky1 #cc ,benjamin ,fitzpatrick1 of ,alabama1 #aa ,aaron ,v4 ,brown1 of ,tennessee1 #bi ,herschel ,v4 ,johnson1 of ,georgia1 #ca ,thomas ,j4 ,rusk1 of ,texas1 #b ,wm ,h4 ,polk1 of ,tennessee1 #e ,j4 ,c4 ,dobbin1 of ,north ,carolina1 #ac ,a second ballot was entered into1 when ,hon4 ,john ,c4 ,breckenridge1 of ,kentucky1 was unanimously chosen4 ,tennessee1 in voting for a ,presidential candidate1 voted ,,six times for ,pierce1 and ,,eight times for ,douglass1 and never came over to old ,federal ,buck until they could do nothing for ,pierce or ,douglass4 ,buck seems to have been a fill for ,tennessee6 ,but now1 the ,tennessee ,democracy say3 ,with hounds and horn1 ,at rosy morn1 ,we ,bucks a hunting go6 ,well1 we ,americans will get after ,old ,buck's venison too1 and between this and ,november next1 many will be the steak we shall eat out of his old ,federal carcass4 ,it is venison worthy of the chase1 for ----,finer or fatter ,ne'er roamed in the forest1 ,or smoked in a platter4 ,so-- ,hi1 ho1 ,chevy1 ,hark away1 hark away1 tantivy1 ,here rests the burthen of my song1 ,this time a stag must die4 ,but ,democracy have commenced their old game of brag1 by puffing their ticket as a national and conservative ticket1 the very thing they denied4 ,now let us look into the soundness and nationality of the ,,head of the ticket4 ,we have before us a copy of a work published in #ahci1 by ,robert ,mayo1 ,m4 ,d41 entitled1 ,political ,sketches of ,eight ,years in ,washington1 in four parts4 ,this work has gone through various editions1 having been published by ,fielding ,lucas1 ,jr41 of ,baltimore2 ,garret ,anderson1 of ,washington2 ,j4 ,r4 ,smith1 of ,richmond2 ,carey1 ,hart ,co41 of ,philadelphia1 and by others in ,new ,york and ,boston4 ,on page #ch of this work1 which ,mr4 ,buchanan has never contradicted1 he is reported to have denounced the visions1 patronage1 and corruptions of the ,democratic ,administrations1 while he1 ,buchanan1 was a member of the ,old ,federal ,party4 ,on page #f of this work1 in the preface1 the author says1 in speaking of ,buchanan before he turned ,democrat3 ,the declarations of some of these new disciples of ,democracy in past times are striking enough4 ,,mr4 ,,buchanan of ,,pennsylvania1 while he acted in his true character1 ,,declared ,,that ,,if ,,he ,,had ,a ,,drop ,,of ,,democratic ,,blood ,,in ,,his ,,veins1 ,,he ,,would ,,let ,,it ,,out6 ,he put his royal declaration on paper1 and it has risen up against him4 ,a recent brief memoir of ,mr4 ,buchanan1 put forth in ,pennsylvania1 states that he was elected to the ,legislature in #ahae1 where he distinguished himself by those exhibitions of intellect which gave promise of future eminence4 ,the ,lancaster ,register1 published in the immediate vicinity of ,mr4 ,buchanan's residence1 asks by whom was he elected8 and thus supplies the record for #ahae3 ,,assembly4 ,for ,,james ,,buchanan1 ,federal #cjea ,molton ,o4 ,rogers1 ,democrat #bejb ,the memoir sets forth that ,mr4 ,buchanan was elected to ,congress in #ahbj1 and that he retained his position in that body for ten years1 voluntarily retiring4 ,the ,lancaster ,register inquires if he were elected as a ,democrat1 and answers the inquiry by the following historical facts3 ,,congress4 #ahbj--;,james ,buchanan1 ,federal #dfdb ,jacob ,hibsman1 ,democrat #cfff #ahbb--;,james ,buchanan1 ,federal #baec ,jacob ,hibsman1 ,democrat #aidj #ahbd--;,james ,buchanan1 ,federal #cefj ,samuel ,houston1 ,democrat #cjdf #ahbf--;,james ,buchanan1 ,federal #bgfj ,dr4 ,john ,mc,camant1 ,democrat #bcjg #ahbh--;,james ,buchanan1 ,jackson #ebjc ,william ,hiester1 ,adams #cijd ,the ,lancaster ,register then pursues its criticism as follows3 ,on the #dth of ,july1 #ahae1 ,mr4 ,buchanan1 when he was a candidate for ,assembly on the ,federal ticket1 delivered 'an oration' in ,lancaster1 in which he showed his love of ,federalism and hatred of ,democracy1 by attacking the ,administration of ,james ,madison4 ,he said3 ',time will not allow me to enumerate all the other evils and wicked projects of the ,democratic administration4' ,and again1 in the same oration1 he said3 ',what must be our opinion of an opposition whose passions were so dark and malignant as to be gratified in endeavoring to blast the character and imbitter the old age of ,washington8 ,after thus persecuting the saviour of his country1 how can the ,democratic party dare to call themselves his disciples8' ,and who does not recollect1 in ,tennessee1 with what force and effect ,,james ,c4 ,,jones used to point out ,,james ,,buchanan as one of the rank old ,federalists who had come over to the ,democratic ranks1 and was battling with ,col4 ,polk1 side by side1 while he was consuming half his time in abuse of the ,federal party8 ,when the ,democratic candidate for ,congress in this ,district1 ,,julius ,w4 ,,blackwell1 charged ,federalism upon the ,whig party1 who does not recollect with what effect and spirit ,,john ,h4 ,,crozier ran over the list of ,,odious ,,old ,,federalists1 then fighting under the ,democratic flag1 among them naming out ,,james ,,buchanan8 ,and will not the files of the ,,knoxville ,,post1 edited by ,capt4 ,,james ,,williams1 show how he held up ,,james ,,buchanan and others as an old ,federalist of the first water8 ,on the subject of ,slavery the memoir is not definite1 and the ,lancaster ,register comes to its aid by publishing the following proceedings of a public meeting held in that city on the #bc;d of ,november1 #ahai3 ,,whereas1 the people of this ,state1 pursuing the maxims and animated by the beneficence of the great founder of ,pennsylvania1 first gave effect to the gradual abolition of slavery by a national act1 which has not only rescued the unhappy and helpless ,african within their territory from the demoralizing influence of slavery1 but ameliorating his state and condition throughout ,europe and ,america2 and whereas1 it would illy comport with those humane and ,christian efforts to be silent spectators when this great cause of humanity is about to be agitated in ,congress1 by fixing the destiny of the new domains of the ,united ,states3 therefore1 ,resolved1 ,that the representatives in ,congress from this district be and they are hereby most earnestly requested to use their utmost endeavors1 as members of the ,national ,legislature1 to prevent the existence of slavery in any of the ,territories or new ,states which may be created by ,congress4 ,resolved1 ,as the opinion of this meeting1 that as the ,legislature of this ,state will shortly be in session1 it will be highly deserving of their wisdom and patriotism to take into their early and most serious consideration the propriety of instructing our representatives in the ,national ,legislature to use the most zealous and strenuous exertions to inhibit the existence of slavery in any of the ,territories or ,states which may hereafter be created by ,congress2 and that the members of ,assembly from this county be requested to embrace the earliest opportunity of bringing this subject before both ,houses of the ,legislature4 ,resolved1 ,that1 in the opinion of this meeting1 the members of ,congress who at the last session sustained the cause of justice1 humanity1 and patriotism1 in opposing the introduction of slavery into the ,state then endeavored to be formed out of the ,missouri ,territory1 are entitled to the warmest thanks of every friend of humanity4 ,resolved1 ,that the proceedings of this meeting be published in the newspapers in this city4 ,,james ,,hopkins1 ,,wm4 ,,jenkins1 ,,james ,,buchanan4 ,the foregoing resolutions being read were unanimously adopted1 after which the meeting adjourned4 7,signed7 ,,walter ,,franklin1 ,ch'n4 ,attest--,,wm4 ,,jenkins1 ,sec'y4 ,the ,perry ,county ,democratic ,press1 for ,april #ith1 #ahef1 an able paper published at ,bloomfield in ,pennsylvania1 shows up the ,federal anti-slavery1 anti-,democratic1 turn-coat character of ,mr4 ,buchanan1 after this fashion3 ,,james ,,buchanan',s ,,somersets4 ,no man in the ,united ,states has turned his political coat as often as ,james ,buchanan4 ,he has espoused the principles of every party that has had an existence since the memorable ,hartford ,convention1 and has been on all sides of political questions4 ,a brief reference to his history will establish conclusively our assertions4 ,,his ,,federalism4 ,he entered political life in #ahad as a rank ,federalist1 and by the ,federal party he was elected to the ,legislature of the ,state4 ,he was re-elected in #ahae1 defeating ,molton ,c4 ,rogers1 the ,democratic candidate1 and afterwards one of the ,supreme ,judges of the ,state4 ,in #ahbj1 he was the ,federal candidate for ,congress1 and was elected over ,jacob ,hibsman1 the ,democratic candidate1 by #igf majority4 ,in #ahbb1 he was relected over the same man by #hac majority4 ,in #ahbd1 he was the ,federal candidate for ,congress1 and elected over ,samuel ,houston1 the ,democratic candidate1 by #eai votes4 ,in #ahbf1 he was re-elected over ,dr4 ,john ,mc,camant1 the ,democratic candidate1 by #dec votes4 ,his majorities were becoming less each time1 and in order to satisfy his ,federal friends of his fidelity to the party1 he had to declare that 'if he had a drop of ,democratic blood in his veins1 he would open them and let it out4' ,,he ,,becomes ,a ,,democrat4 ,two years after this1 he changed his coat and became a full-blooded ,democrat1 and ran for ,congress as the ,democratic candidate1 and was elected by virtue of ,general ,jackson's popularity4 ,he was afraid to run a second term1 and he declined4 ,,his ,,ten ,,cent ,,speech4 ,in #ahdc1 in the ,united ,states ,senate1 he made a speech advocating the principle that ten cents is a sufficient compensation for a day's labor4 ,hence he is called ',ten ,cent ,jimmy4' ,in #ahde1 he became ,secretary of ,state under ,polk's administration1 and consented to give away about half of the ,territory of ,oregon to the ,british government1 after he had proven that they had not a spark of title to it4 ,he extolled the ,federal administration of ,john ,adams1 and endorsed the abominable ,alien and ,sedition laws of the ,federal reign of terror4 ,he bitterly denounced the administration of that pure ,democrat1 ,james ,madison1 and ridiculed what he termed the follies of ,thomas ,jefferson4 ,,his ,,slavery ,,somersets4 ,in #ahai1 at a meeting in ,lancaster1 he reported resolutions favoring resistance to the extension of slavery and the admission of the ,state of ,missouri as a slave ,state4 ,in #ahdg1 he wrote to the ,democracy of ,berks county1 saying that the ,missouri ,compromise had given peace to the country1 and that instead of repealing it he was in favor of its extension and maintenance4 ,in #ahej1 in a letter to ,col4 ,forney1 he rejoiced over the settlement of the slavery agitation by the passage of the compromise measures during ,fillmore's administration1 and hoped that before a dissolution of the ,union he might be gathered to his fathers1 and never be permitted to witness the sad catastrophe4 ,in #aheb1 he wrote to ,mr4 ,leake1 of ,virginia1 concerning ,fillmore's compromise measures of #ahej1 which had been passed by ,congress1 and said1 'that the volcano has been extinguished1 and the man who would apply the firebrand to the combustible materials still remaining1 will produce an eruption that will overwhelm the ,constitution and the ,union4 ,,buchanan',s ,,last ,,somerset4 ,on the #bhth of ,december1 #ahee1 about three months ago1 ,mr4 ,buchanan1 in a letter to ,john ,slidell1 of ,louisiana1 says3 ',the ,missouri ,compromise is gone1 and gone for ever4 ,it has departed4 ,the time for it has passed away1 and the best1 nay1 the only mode now left of putting down the fanatical and reckless spirit of the ,north is to adhere to the existing settlement without the slightest thought or appearance of wavering1 and without regarding any storm which may be raised against it4 ,here1 then1 is an authentic record--if the reader please1 a ,,gilt-,,frame ,,pennsylvania ,,looking-,,glass1 in which the ,democracy of the ,south who admire the nominee of the late ,cincinnati ,convention can see him as he is6 ,heretofore1 to use the language of ,holy ,writ1 they have seen him through a glass darkly1 but now face to face4 ,here they see him standing erect upon the floor of the ,united ,states ,senate1 in all the pride of that aristocracy which has characterized his course in life1 and giving vent to the old and bitter feelings of the royalists in ,pennsylvania1 by advocating the oppressive ,british doctrine1 that ,,ten ,,cents ,,per ,,day is enough for a poor white man as a day-laborer6 ,and here1 too1 our hard-fisted working-men1 ,north and ,south1 can see what sort of a man the ,democracy are asking them to vote for for the ,presidency6 ,in his ,fourth of ,july oration in #ahae1 delivered in the hearing of an immense crowd1 and afterwards published in all the leading papers of ,pennsylvania1 ,mr4 ,buchanan came out as a ,know-,nothing1 which he has now to repudiate in stepping upon the ,anti-,american ,catholic ,platform prepared for him at ,cincinnati6 ,here is what he said in that celebrated oration3 ,the greater part of those foreigners who would not be thus affected by it1 have long been the warmest friends of the party4 ,they had been one of the great means of elevating the present ruling 7,democratic7 party1 and it would have been ungrateful for that party to have abandoned them4 ,to secure this foreign feeling has been the labor of their leaders for more than twenty years1 and well have they been paid for their trouble1 for it has been one of the principal causes of introducing and continuing them in power4 ,immediately before the war this foreign influence had completely embodied itself with the majority1 particularly in the ,west1 and its voice was heard so loud at the seat of government1 that ,president ,madison was obliged either to yield to its dictates or retire from office4 ,the choice was easily made by a man who preferred his private interests to the public good1 and therefore hurried us into a war for which we were utterly unprepared4 ,and then again3 ,we ought to use every honest exertion to turn out of power those weak and wicked men whose wild and visionary theories have been tested and found wanting4 ,above all1 we ought to drive from our shores foreign influence1 and cherish ,american feeling4 ,foreign influence has been in every age the curse of republics--its jaundiced eye sees every thing in false colors--the thick atmosphere of prejudice by which it is ever surrounded1 excluding from its sight the light of reason4 ,let us then learn wisdom from experience1 and for ever banish this fiend from our country4 ,and here is what ,,jackson thought of ,,buchanan4 ,the ,democratic ,washington correspondent of the ,new ,york ,evening ,post1 who was favorable to the nomination of ,pierce1 makes this statement--a statement we have often heard before1 and never heard contradicted3 ,on the night before leaving ,nashville to occupy the ,white ,house1 ,mr4 ,polk1 in company with ,gen4 ,robert ,armstrong1 called at the ,hermitage to procure some advice from the old hero as to the selection of his cabinet4 ,jackson strongly urged the ,president-elect to give no place in it to ,buchanan1 as he could not be relied upon4 ,it so happened that ,polk had already determined to make that very appointment1 having probably offered the situation to the statesman of ,pennsylvania4 ,this fact induced ,gen4 ,armstrong subsequently to tell ,jackson that he had given ,polk a rather hard rub1 as ,buchanan had already been selected for ,secretary of ,state4 ',i can't help it1' said the old man3 ',i felt it my duty to warn him against ,mr4 ,buchanan1 whether it was agreeable or not4 ,mr4 ,polk will find ,buchanan an unreliable man4 ,i know him well1 and ,mr4 ,polk will yet admit the correctness of my prediction4' ,it was the last visit ever made by ,mr4 ,polk to the old hero when this unavailing remonstrance was delivered1 but the new ,president1 long before the end of his administration1 had reason to acknowledge its propriety and justice1 and in the diary kept by him during that period may still be read a most emphatic declaration of his distrust of ,mr4 ,buchanan4 ,every one is aware of two marked instances in which1 as ,secretary of ,state1 the latter failed to support the policy of the administration1 viz41 on the question of the tariff of #ahdf1 and the requisition of the ten regiments voted by ,congress for the ,mexican war4 ,on both of these measures he was known to be opposed to the wishes of ,mr4 ,polk4 ,mr4 ,charles ,irving1 the ,democratic editor of the ,lynchburg ,republican1 and a delegate at ,richmond in the ,state ,convention1 thus disposes of ,mr4 ,buchanan in a long and able letter1 dated ,may #gth1 #ahef3 ,if silence during the battle constitutes a claim for office1 how can the ,south expect ,northern statesmen to uphold her banner1 when abolitionists are seeking to tear it to tatters8 ,if an ability to get free-soil votes makes a candidate available1 and that species of availability is recognized as a merit at the ,south1 ,northern statesmen should court free-soilers1 and not struggle with them1 if they wish to be ,presidents4 ,such availability may be very desirable to those who wish success alone1 but those who look to the interests of the country may well be excused if they prefer a different standard4 ,i certainly prefer that the ,south shall ,,prefer the selection1 not only of a sound man1 but that she shall vote for the nomination of no man upon any such ground of availability4 ,the coming election must settle the slavery agitation4 ,i do not wish a single free-soiler to vote the ,democratic ticket1 nor will ,i willingly afford them the slightest excuse for so doing4 ,a prominent ,north-,west ,democrat told me to-day1 that the nomination of ,mr4 ,buchanan would enable ,trumbull1 ,wentworth1 and other free-soilers to come back into the party4 ,i am not anxious to get back such characters4 ,these are some reasons for not preferring ,mr4 ,buchanan4 ,but there is still another reason4 ,that reason is in his record4 ,to carry the entire ,south1 we must have not only a sound man1 but one who is above impeachment--whose record is as stainless as the principles he advocates4 ,is such the case with ,mr4 ,buchanan8 ,let the record answer4 ,on the #bgth of ,december1 #ahcg1 ,mr4 ,calhoun submitted to the ,senate that celebrated series of resolutions1 the great objects of which were to set forth with precision and force the constitutional rights of the slaveholding ,states1 and to attract to their support an enlightened public opinion against the attacks of ,northern fanaticism4 ,the second resolution was in these words3 7,calhoun's ,works1 volume #c1 page #adj47 ',resolved1 ,that in delegating a portion of their powers to be exercised by the ,federal ,government1 the ,states retained severally the exclusive and sole right over their own domestic institutions and police1 and are alone responsible for them1 and that any intermeddling of any one or more ,states1 or a combination of their citizens1 with the domestic institutions and police of the others1 on any ground or under any pretext whatever1 political1 moral1 or religious1 with a view to their alteration or subversion1 is an assumption of superiority not warranted by the ,constitution1 insulting to the ,states interfered with1 tending to endanger their domestic peace and tranquillity1 subversive of the objects for which the ,constitution was formed1 and1 by necessary consequence1 tending to weaken and destroy the ,union itself4' ,mr4 ,morris of ,ohio1 who was then the only avowed ,abolitionist in the ,senate1 moved to strike out the words 'moral and religious4' ,had the motion prevailed1 the effect would have been to encourage agitation in the form in which it would be most likely to be fatal to the ,south4 ,it would have been a direct encouragement to the ,abolitionized clergy of the ,north to take the very course which was taken by the 'three thousand and fifty divines' who1 in #ahed1 sacrilegiously assumed1 'in the name of ,almighty ,god1 and in his presence1' to denounce the repeal of the ,missouri ,compromise as 'a violation of plighted faith and a breach of a national compact4' ,subsequent events have abundantly attested the truth of what ,mr4 ,calhoun said1 when arguing against the motion1 'that the whole spirit of the resolution hinged upon that word religious4' ,the vote taken on ,mr4 ,morris's amendment stood as follows3 7,congressional ,globe1 volume #f1 page #gd47 ,yeas--,messrs4 ,bayard1 ,,buchanan1 ,clayton1 ,davis1 ,mc,keon1 ,morris1 ,prentiss1 ,robbins1 ,ruggles1 ,smyth of ,indiana1 ,southward1 ,swift1 ,tipton1 and ,webster--#ad4 ,nays--,messrs4 ,allen1 ,black1 ,brown1 ,calhoun1 ,clay of ,alabama1 ,clay of ,kentucky1 ,cuthbert1 ,fulton1 ,hubbard1 ,king1 ,knight1 ,linn1 ,lumpkin1 ,lyon1 ,nicholas1 ,niles1 ,norvell1 ,pierce1 ,preston1 ,rives1 ,roane1 ,robinson1 ,sevier1 ,smyth of ,connecticut1 ,strange1 ,walker1 ,wall1 ,white1 ,williams1 ,wright1 and ,young--#ca4 ,the fifth resolution to which ,mr4 ,calhoun here referred1 and which he justly regarded as the most important of all1 and struggled most perseveringly to have passed without amendment1 was strictly as follows3 ',resolved1 ,that the intermeddling of any ,state or ,states1 or their citizens1 to abolish slavery in this ,district1 or in any of the ,territories1 on the ground1 or under the pretext1 that it is immoral or sinful1 or the passage of any act or measure of ,congress1 with that view1 would be a direct and dangerous attack on the institutions of all the slaveholding ,states4' ,this resolution covered the whole premises4 ,it met the issue boldly and fully4 ,no ,southern ,democrat can hesitate to say that it embodied a great truth1 to which events have borne emphatic testimony4 ,mr4 ,clay1 of ,kentucky1 moved to strike it out1 and insert the following as a substitute3 ',resolved1 ,that when the ,district of ,columbia was ceded by the ,states of ,virginia and ,maryland to the ,united ,states1 domestic slavery existed in both of those ,states1 including the ceded territory2 and that1 as it still continues in both of them1 it could not be abolished within the ,district without a violation of that good faith which was implied in the cession1 and in the acceptance of the territory1 nor unless compensation were made for the slaves1 without a manifest infringement of an amendment of the ,constitution of the ,united ,states1 nor without exciting a degree of just alarm and apprehension in the ,states recognizing slavery1 far transcending1 in mischievous tendency1 any possible benefit which would be accomplished by the abolition4' 7,congressional ,globe1 vol4 #f1 page #eh47 ,the utter insufficiency of this temporizing amendment scarcely need be pointed out4 ,objectionable as it was in conceding to ,congress the constitutional power to abolish slavery in the ,district of ,columbia1 and declaring against the exercise of that power only on the ground of inexpediency1 it was still more so in this1 that it made no reference whatever to the territories of the ,united ,states4 ,the passage of ,mr4 ,calhoun's resolution would have committed the ,senate1 not only against the abolition of slavery in the ,district of ,columbia1 but against the application of the ,wilmot ,proviso and kindred measures to the ,territories4 ,mr4 ,clay's amendment was entirely silent on the subject4 ,it is true1 that in another resolution which he proposed to have adopted as an additional amendment1 it was declared that the abolition of slavery in the ,territory of ,florida would be highly inexpedient1 for the principal reason 'that it would be in violation of a solemn compromise made at a memorable and critical period in the history of this country1 by which1 while slavery was prohibited north1 it was admitted south of the line of thirty-six degrees thirty minutes north latitude4' ,the defect in the first amendment can hardly be considered by ,southern men as remedied by another which recognized the binding force of the ,missouri ,compromise4 ,on the question to strike out ,mr4 ,calhoun's resolution1 and insert ,mr4 ,clay's as an amendment1 after it had been modified by striking out the part relating to compensation for slaves1 the vote stood--yeas #ai1 nays #ah4 7,congressional ,globe1 vol4 #f1 page #fb47 ,mr4 ,buchanan's name stands recorded in the affirmative4 ,on a subsequent occasion1 ,mr4 ,calhoun1 with a view to infuse vitality into ,mr4 ,clay's amendment1 moved to insert that any attempt of ,congress to abolish slavery in the ,territories1 'would be a dangerous attack upon the ,states in which slavery exists4' ,mr4 ,buchanan opposed the amendment1 and it was in reply to his speech that ,mr4 ,calhoun made the remarks which may be found in the third volume of his works1 pages #aid to #aif1 and which he commenced by saying that 'the remarks of the ,senator from ,pennsylvania were of such a character that he could not permit them to pass in silence4' ,from these votes1 and this language of ,mr4 ,buchanan1 it is clear3 #ast4 ,that he was not opposed to the religious agitation of the slavery question--a species of agitation which ,mr4 ,calhoun justly regarded as more fatal than any other4 #b;d4 ,that he recognized the constitutional power of ,congress to abolish slavery in the ,district of ,columbia1 opposing its existence only on the ground of its inexpediency--a proposition which the position of ,mr4 ,van ,buren shows affords no reliable protection to ,southern institutions4 #c;d4 ,that he refused to commit himself fully on the great question as to the power of ,congress over the ,territories of the ,united ,states1 and as far as he did go1 evidently left it to be understood that the abolition of slavery by ,congress in those ,territories would be no attack on the ,states in which it exists4' ,if his opinions1 in these respects1 have undergone any material change1 the country has not yet been authoritatively apprised of the fact4 ,the reflections cast by him on the institution of slavery1 in one of his speeches in ,england1 and the studied design he has manifested to keep aloof from the excitement growing out of the repeal of the ,missouri ,compromise1 are not well calculated to inspire confidence1 that if his views have undergone any change1 it has been a change for the better4 ,after thus disposing of the slavery issue1 ,mr4 ,irving thus turns to the ,tariff ,question3 ,so much for the slavery issue4 ,how does ,mr4 ,buchanan stand upon the tariff8 ,will the ,sentinel say that he is sound1 or justify his 'low wages' speech8 ,how does he stand upon the ,french ,spoliation bill1 which ,president ,polk and ,president ,pierce vetoed8 ,everybody knows that he was in favor of it4 ,how does he stand upon the ,pacific ,railroad8 ,he declared himself in favor of an appropriation of public money to build it1 as is notorious4 ,in fact1 is there a single ,federal measure except that of the ,united ,states ,bank1 upon which he is not recorded against ,democratic principles8 ,how can we hope to carry the united ,south with such a record8 ,will ,southern ,democrats overlook this record8 ,will ,northern ,nebraska men overlook this ignoring of ,pierce and ,douglass8 ,is there no danger that in admitting the abolitionist ,trumbull1 we may not dishearten the gallant ,douglass8 ,is there no fear that in reinstating the free-soil ,hickman1 who is in favor of ,reeder1 we may not palsy the arm of ,richardson8 ,in fine1 is there no fear that in hoping for free-soil aid1 we may not lose the few real friends the ,south has in the ,north8 ,it is evident to the commonest understanding1 that the first step of ,northern ,black ,republicanism is to kill off all those influential men at the ,north1 like ,pierce or ,douglass1 who have actively participated in the fight for our rights4 ,is not the ,south aiding them in this first step1 when it not only ignores its own sons1 but also ignores1 upon the ground of availability1 those ,northern men identified with the late ,kansas-,nebraska bill8 ,this is a question the ,south would do well to ponder4 ,if ,mr4 ,buchanan is to be nominated1 and ,pierce and ,douglass in the ,north ignored1 let the responsibility rest elsewhere than upon the ,state of ,virginia4 ,he may be1 and probably is sound1 but these are times when more than ordinary caution is necessary4 ,it may become the duty of the ,south to support him4 ,when that time arrives ,i can discharge the duty2 but ,i do think that the reasons above stated exempt me from any blame for not advocating him until that responsibility devolves upon me4 ,very respectfully1 ,,chas4 ,,irving4 ,the ,southern ,dough-faces of the ,foreign ,catholic party pretend to hold ,mr4 ,fillmore responsible for a letter he wrote more than twenty years ago1 in which he answers certain interrogatories in reference to slavery1 affirmatively1 and in opposition to the extension of slavery6 ,the latest record of ,buchanan is in #ahdd1 and proves him to be an ,,abolitionist ,,of ,,the ,,blackest ,,dye4 ,about the last speech he ever made in ,congress1 was ,,in ,,opposition ,,to ,,slavery1 in secret session of the ,senate1 just before ,mr4 ,polk1 in opposition to the wishes of ,gen4 ,jackson1 gave him a seat in his cabinet4 ,this speech will be found in the ,congressional ,globe for #ahdd1 an extract from which is in these explicit and memorable words3 ,in arriving at the conclusion to support this treaty1 ,i had to encounter but one serious obstacle1 ,,and ,,that ,,was ,,the ,,question ,,of ,,slavery4 ,whilst ,i have ever maintained1 and ever shall maintain1 in their full force and vigor1 the constitutional rights of the ,southern ,states over their slave property1 ,i yet feel a strong repugnance by any act of mine to extend the limits of the ,union over a new slaveholding territory4 ,after mature reflection1 however1 ,i overcame these scruples1 and now believe that the acquisition of ,texas will be the means of limiting1 not enlarging1 the dominion of slavery4 ,in the government of the world1 ,providence generally produces great changes by gradual means4 ,there is nothing rash in the counsels of the ,almighty4 ,may not1 then1 the acquisition of ,texas be the means of gradually drawing the slaves far to the ,south to a climate more congenial to their nature2 and may they not finally pass off into ,mexico1 and ,,there ,,mingle ,,with ,a ,,race ,,where ,,no ,,prejudice ,,exists ,,against ,,their ,,color8 ,the ,mexican nation is composed of ,spaniards1 ,indians1 and ,negroes1 blended together in every variety1 who would receive our slaves on terms of perfect social equality4 ,to this condition they never can be admitted in the ,united ,states4 ,that the acquisition of ,texas would ere long convert ,maryland1 ,virginia1 ,kentucky1 ,missouri1 and probably others of the more ,northern ,slave ,states1 into free ,states1 ,i entertain not a doubt4444 ,but should ,texas be annexed to the ,union1 causes will be brought into operation which must inevitably remove slavery from what may be called the farming ,states4 ,from the best information1 it is no longer profitable to raise wheat1 rye1 and corn1 by slave labor4 ,where these articles are the only staples of agriculture1 in the pointed and expressive language of ,randolph1 if the slave does not run away from his master1 the master must run away from the slave4 ,the slave will naturally be removed from such a country1 where his labor is scarcely adequate to his own support1 to a region where he can not only maintain himself1 but yield large profits to his master4 ,texas will open an outlet2 and slavery itself may thus finally pass the ,del ,norte1 and be lost in ,mexico4 ,one thing is certain1 the present number of slaves cannot be increased by the annexation of ,texas4 ,i have never apprehended the preponderance of the slave ,states in the councils of the nation4 ,such a fear has always appeared to me visionary4 ,but those who entertain such apprehensions need not be alarmed by the acquisition of ,texas4 ,more than one-half of its territory is wholly unfit for the slave labor2 and1 therefore1 in the nature of things must be free4 ,mr4 ,clay1 in his letter of the #agth of ,april last1 on the subject of annexation1 states that1 according to his information-- ',the ,territory of ,texas is susceptible of a division into five ,states of convenient size and form4 ,of these1 two only would be adapted to those peculiar institutions 7slavery7 to which ,i have referred2 and the other three1 lying west and north of ,san ,antonio1 being only adapted to farming and grazing purposes1 from the nature of their soil1 climate1 and productions1 would not admit of these institutions4 ,in the end1 therefore1 there would be two slave and three free ,states probably added to the ,union4' ,and here permit me to observe1 that there is one defect in the treaty which ought to be amended if we all did not know that it is destined to be rejected4 ,the treaty itself ought to determine how many free and how many slave ,states should be made out of this territory4 ,on the #aath of ,april1 #ahbf1 ,james ,buchanan1 who is now being supported by ,southern slaveholders1 made a speech in ,congress1 eleven years after his ,fourth of ,july oration1 from which the following is taken3 ,permit me here1 ,mr4 ,chairman1 for a moment1 to speak upon a subject to which ,i have never before adverted upon this floor1 and to which1 ,i trust1 ,i may never again have occasion to advert4 ,i mean the subject of slavery4 ,i ,,believe ,,it ,,to ,,be ,a ,,great ,,political ,,and ,a ,,great ,,moral ,,evil4 ,i ,,thank ,,god1 ,,my ,,lot ,,has ,,been ,,cast ,,in ,a ,,state ,,where ,,it ,,does ,,not ,,exist4444 ,,it ,,has ,,been ,a ,,curse ,,entailed ,,upon ,,us ,,by ,,that ,,nation ,,which ,,makes ,,it ,a ,,subject ,,of ,,reproach ,,to ,,our ,,institutions4 7,see ,gales and ,seaton's ,register of ,debates1 page #bahj1 vol4 ii41 part #b47 ,,more ,,buchanan ,,antecedents4 ,when a ,uniform ,bankrupt ,law was enacted by ,congress1 after the election of ,general ,harrison1 there were on the files of the ,judiciary ,committee of the ,senate fifty-one petitions1 praying for the passage of such a law4 ,twenty-nine of these were from ,new ,york1 five from ,new ,jersey1 three from ,ohio1 two from ,indiana1 two from ,massachusetts1 and one from each of the ,states of ,tennessee and ,mississippi4 ,there were twenty-five other petitions praying for ,a ,general ,bankrupt ,law2 fifteen of which were from ,new ,york1 and eight from ,pennsylvania2 and how will the ,democracy like to see it hereafter proven that ,,buchanan presented these petitions1 and voted for the law8 ,if it shall turn out that ,old ,buck did really go for the odious ,bankrupt ,law1 let his friends defend him on the ground that his ,state desired it1 and had always favored the measure6 ,in the ,house of ,representatives1 in ,congress1 ,january #c1 #ahae1 ,mr4 ,ingersoll1 a notorious ,democrat from ,pennsylvania1 and a ,boy ,tory of the war of the ,revolution1 from the ,committee on the ,judiciary1 reported a bill to establish a uniform law of ,bankruptcy throughout the ,united ,states6 ,if these facts should not turn out to be a sufficient justification of ,mr4 ,buchanan's course1 provided he went for this ,bankrupt ,law1 let his friends present these facts1 and show that he was in good old ,federal ,democratic company3 ,,number #a4 ,on the #eth of ,september1 #ahcg1 ,mr4 ,van ,buren's ,democratic ,secretary of the ,treasury made a report to ,congress1 praying the passage of a uniform ,bankrupt ,law1 which was referred to the ,committee on the ,judiciary4 ,,number #b4 ,on the #acth day of ,january1 #ahdj1 ,mr4 ,norvell1 a ,democratic ,senator from ,michigan1 moved that the ,judiciary be instructed to inquire into the expediency of reporting a bill for the establishment of a ,general ,bankrupt ,law4 ,,number #c4 ,on the #bb;d of ,april1 #ahdj1 ,garret ,d4 ,wall1 a flaming ,democratic ,senator in ,congress1 reported certain amendments to a ,bankrupt ,law1 from a minority of the ,committee2 which were referred to the ,senate's select ,committee1 and reported by ,mr4 ,wall1 and passed--#ba to #ai--;and sent to the ,house4 ,,number #d4 ,in the ,senate1 ,july #bc1 #ahda1 ,mr4 ,nicholson1 a ,democratic ,senator from ,tennessee1 delivered an able speech in favor of a uniform system of ,bankruptcy1 and moved to amend the bill then pending1 by inserting ,,banks ,,and ,,other ,,corporations2 which motion was lost by a vote of #cd to #af4 ,,number #e4 ,that great light of ,democracy1 ,col4 ,richard ,m4 ,johnson1 late ,vice-,president of the ,united ,states1 wrote and spoke in favor of a ,general ,bankrupt ,law4 ,in a letter of his1 now before us1 dated ,washington1 ,january #ah1 #ahda1 he says1 speaking of such a law3 ,my opinion is that it will redound to the honor of our country4 ,but we will do ,mr4 ,buchanan justice1 by stating that he said he would vote against the ,bankrupt ,law of #ahdj1 because he did not like its features4 ,when ,mr4 ,webster spoke in favor of the law1 and of the character of the petitioners1 many of whom presented their petitions through ,mr4 ,buchanan1 the latter spoke on the #bdth of ,february1 #ahdj2 and1 to satisfy ,mr4 ,webster and others that he was not opposed to the principle in former days1 stated1 ,he came to the other ,house of ,congress1 many years since1 ,a ,,friend ,,of ,a ,,bankrupt ,,law4 ,the subject was before the ,house when he entered the body twenty years ago4 ,he added1 ,he was open to conviction1 and might change his purpose6 ,thus1 it will be seen that ,mr4 ,buchanan1 in this1 as in every thing else1 was on both sides6 ,and how does it look in a ,presidential candidate1 to have supported a ,general ,bankrupt ,law for the relief of rich1 extravagant1 and aristocratic gentlemen1 and then to turn round and advocate ten cents per day for poor folks and laboring men8 ,it will look rather bad2 but1 then1 ,sag ,nicht ,democracy can go any thing6 ,this old ten cents per day champion of ,democracy advocated1 in so many words1 the reduction of all paper money prices to the real ,cuba standard of solid money6 ,we take extracts from his speech1 which will be found in the ,appendix to the ,congressional ,globe1 page #ace3 ,in ,germany1 where the currency is purely metallic1 and the cost of every thing is ,,reduced to a hard money standard1 a piece of broadcloth can be manufactured for fifty dollars2 the manufacture of which in our country1 from the expansion of paper currency1 would cost one hundred dollars4 ,what is the consequence8 ,the foreign ,french and ,german manufacturer imports this cloth into our country1 and sells it for a hundred4 ,does not every person perceive that the redundancy of our currency is equal to a premium of one hundred per cent4 in favor of the manufacturer8 ,no tariff of protection1 unless it amounted to prohibition1 could counteract this advantage in favor of foreign manufactures4 ,i would to heaven that ,i could arouse the attention of every manufacturer of the nation to this important subject4 ,what is the reason that1 with all these advantages1 and with the protective duties which our laws afford to the domestic manufacturer of cotton1 we cannot obtain exclusive possession of the home market1 and successfully contend for the markets of the world8 ,it is simply because we manufacture at the nominal prices of our inflated currency1 and are compelled to sell at the real prices of other nations4 ,,reduce ,,our ,,nominal ,,standard ,,of ,,prices ,,throughout ,,the ,,world1 and you cover our country with blessings and benefits4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the comparative ,,low ,,prices of ,france and ,germany have afforded such a stimulus to their manufactures1 that they are now rapidly extending themselves1 and would obtain possession1 in no small degree1 even of the ,english home market1 ,,if ,,it ,,were ,,not ,,for ,,their ,,protecting ,,duties4 ,while ,british manufactures are now languishing1 those of the continent are springing into a healthy and vigorous existence4 ,how will the ,free ,trade ,democracy of the ,south relish these protecting duties of an old ,federal politician8 ,they are about as consistent in their support of the ,cincinnati nominee as ,clay ,whigs are1 when they know that ,buchanan was the only man living who had it in his power to do ,clay justice1 in reference to the bargain and intrigue calumny1 and obstinately refused6 ,,clay ,,and ,,buchanan4 ,in #ahbe1 ,mr4 ,buchanan1 then a member of the ,house1 entered the room of ,mr4 ,clay1 who was at the time in company with his only messmate1 ,hon4 ,r4 ,p4 ,letcher1 also a member of the ,house1 and since ,governor of ,kentucky4 ,buchanan introduced the subject of the approaching ,presidential election1 ,letcher witnessing what was said2 and after that1 when ,mr4 ,clay was hotly assailed with the charge of bargain1 intrigue1 and corruption1 notified ,mr4 ,buchanan of his intention to publish the conversation1 but was induced1 by the earnest entreaties of ,buchanan1 to forbear4 ,and ,mr4 ,clay died with a letter in his possession1 from ,buchanan1 which1 if published1 as it should be1 would place ,buchanan without the pale of ,democracy1 and disgrace him in the eyes of all honorable men4 ,that letter1 too1 would explain why ,gen4 ,jackson had no confidence in him1 and was opposed to his taking a seat in ,polk's cabinet4 ,let it come6 ,keep it before the ,people1 ,that it was the vote of ,james ,buchanan which1 in the ,senate1 in #ahcb1 secured the passage of the ,black ,tariff1 so offensive to the ,free ,trade ,democracy of ,tennessee1 ,south ,carolina1 and other ,southern ,states1 and which ,gov4 ,,jones threw up to ,col4 ,polk with so much effect in their race of #ahdc6 ,keep it before the ,people1 ,that the ,cincinnati ,platform unblushingly affirms that the ,constitution does not confer upon the ,federal government authority to assume the debts of the several ,states1 contracted for local internal improvements1 or for other ,state purposes2 while the ,democratic members of ,congress annually violate this principle by voting away hundreds of acres of public lands to the ,states1 for purposes of railroads and other improvements4 ,keep it before the ,people1 ,that the same ,platform hypocritically asserts1 that it is the duty of every branch of our ,government to enforce and practice the most rigid economy in conducting our public affairs2 when the expenditures of ,pierce's administration are ,,twenty ,,millions ,,per ,,annum over that of ,,millard ,,fillmore6 ,keep it before the ,people1 ,that the #hth of the series in this ,platform declares1 that the attempt to abridge the privilege of becoming citizens and owners of soil amongst us ought to be resisted with the same spirit which swept the alien and sedition laws from our statute book3 and then the hypocritical builders of the platform turned about and nominated ,james ,buchanan1 who commenced public life as the advocate of the alien and sedition laws1 and sustained1 in and out of ,congress1 the ,federal party1 who passed these laws4 ,keep it before the ,people1 ,that the ,cincinnati ,platform1 which prates so loudly about the privilege of becoming owners of the soil1 and which rebukes all efforts to amend our naturalization laws as oppressive to foreigners1 nominated a man for the ,presidency who spoke publicly in this language3 ,above all1 we ought to drive from our shores foreign influence1 which has been in every age the curse of republics6 ,keep it before the ,people1 ,that this ,cincinnati ,platform pledges itself to the ,acts known as the ,compromise ,measures1 and then resolves to resist all attempts at renewing1 in ,congress or out of it1 the agitation of slavery2 while the second best nags before the ,convention were ,douglass and ,pierce1 who brought forward the bill repealing the ,missouri ,compromise line1 and opening up anew the slavery agitation1 while ,pierce signed the bill and adopted it as an ,administration measure6 ,keep it before the ,people1 ,that this same ,platform asserts1 as an indispensable article of the ,democratic faith1 that the proceeds of the public lands ought to be sacredly applied to the national objects specified in the ,constitution2 and yet a majority of the ,democracy1 in one branch of ,congress1 unhesitatingly voted for a bill introduced by ,robert ,m4 ,t4 ,hunter1 a leader of the most straitest sect of ,democratic ,pharisees1 which proposed to give away the whole body of the public lands to squatters1 at the nominal price of ninepence an acre1 and at five years' credit6 ,keep it before the ,people1 ,that this same platform deprecates a policy which legislates for the few at the expense of the many2 yet its builders nominated a man for the ,presidency who has avowed himself on the floor of the ,senate in favor of reducing the wages of poor white men to the ,cuban standard of ,,ten ,,cents per day6 ,keep it before the ,people1 ,that this ,cincinnati ,platform utterly fails to come up to that high ,southern standard1 which the country looked for from a party so lavish of promises1 and that it has deliberately and completely shirked the slavery issue1 the only apology for which is found in their having nominated an old anti-slavery ,federalist4 ,keep it before the ,people1 ,that ,,james ,,buchanan was opposed to the war of #ahab1 but is in favor of the next war--while a ,federalist he was conservative in his views1 but is now square upon a ,filibustering ,platform--his nomination1 an overture to the ,sumner ,wing of ,democracy1 is the very nomination for the ,nullifiers1 ,fire-eaters1 and ,disunionists of the ,south--that while we cry ,north1 shout ,south1 every faction is united4 ,,the ,,cincinnati ,,vice ,,presidential ,,candidate4 ,john ,c4 ,breckenridge1 of ,kentucky1 is now the ,democratic candidate for the ,vice ,presidency2 and in our devotion to the head of the ticket1 we do not wish to neglect the tail4 ,mr4 ,breckenridge is a good speaker1 and is about as good a selection as his party could make4 ,he has not been long enough in public life to attain any experience as a statesman1 nor has he been guilty of any great indiscretion in his short ,congressional career4 ,he will be unable to carry ,kentucky for his party1 though he has some elements of strength4 ,standing out in violent opposition to his relatives upon the ,know ,nothing issues1 he will be acceptable to all ,foreigners1 and the ,catholics in particular6 ,being on the very best of terms with ,cassius ,m4 ,clay1 and voting with the ,emancipationists of ,kentucky1 he will be rather acceptable to the ,anti-,slavery men than otherwise6 ,he was a zealous supporter of the bill in ,congress appropriating a million or two dollars to works of ,internal ,improvement1 which was vetoed by ,pierce4 ,that bill provided #ej1jjj for the improvement of the ,kentucky ,river1 to which he urged an amendment insisting on #aej1jjj4 ,this will give him strength with the ,democracy of the ,north and ,north-,west1 who advocated the doctrine of ,internal ,improvements by the ,general ,government6 ,on ,may #bjth1 #ahef1 the ,charleston ,mercury came out advising the ,south as to the selection of candidates1 which advice1 if adhered to1 would prove ruinous alike to ,buchanan and ,breckenridge4 ,a brief extract from that article is in these words3 ,a man unsound on ,slavery1 ,free ,trade1 and ,internal ,improvements1 or whose opinions are shrouded in treacherous ambiguity--such a man1 be he ,black ,republican or ,democrat1 is unworthy of her support4 ,to vote for either1 is to give away her influence1 to be used against her4 ,it is to stultify principle1 and be the instrument of her own undoing4 ,this doctrine would get very much in the way of such men as ,toombs and ,stephens1 of ,georgia1 and other ,anti-,internal ,improvement ,democrats1 but they can excuse ,breckenridge on the ground that he acquiesced in the veto of ,pierce1 and was possibly only trying to make a little capital at home1 which is common with ,democracy4 ,besides1 ,mr4 ,breckenridge being raised a ,clay ,whig1 and representing the ,ashland ,district as a ,democrat1 should be allowed to pass over the ,jordan of ,democracy by degrees6 ,his name can be used advantageously in this contest in another respect4 ,while ,mr4 ,buchanan was ,mr4 ,clay's most vindictive enemy1 traducer1 and calumniator1 ,mr4 ,breckenridge can be held up to the ,clay ,whigs1 as having announced to the ,house of ,representatives the death of ,mr4 ,clay1 in language and sentiments branding ,buchanan as a malignant slanderer1 without mentioning his name1 by the character he gave to ,clay6 ,closing his eulogy upon ,mr4 ,clay in these words1 ,mr4 ,breckenridge evidently looked with the eye of prophecy at the slanders of ,buchanan1 the recollection of which would cluster around his grave3-- ,every memorial of such a man will possess a meaning and value to his countrymen4 ,his tomb will be a hallowed spot4 ,great memories will cluster there1 and his countrymen as they visit it may well exclaim3 ,such graves as his are pilgrim shrines-- ,shrines to no creed or code confined2 ,the ,delphian vales1 the ,palestines1 ,the ,meccas of the mind4 ,if we mistake not1 this young ,breckenridge is the nephew of the ,rev4 ,john ,breckenridge1 formerly of ,baltimore1 and pastor of the ,presbyterian ,church4 ,if so1 he is the nephew of the ,rev4 ,robert ,breckenridge1 the talented and staunch advocate of the ,american party4 ,the venerable uncle of this young man1 whilst pastor of the ,church in ,baltimore1 was a most formidable opponent of the ,roman ,catholic religion1 and is the man who conducted the debate with ,archbishop ,hughes1 in #ahcf1 which we now have before us1 in a large volume of #eej pages4 ,of course ,bishop ,hughes will require the young man to repudiate his uncle's views and charges in opposition to the ,papal religion2 and this1 we should think1 he will do for the sake of the ,catholic vote in ,america6 ,from the ,knoxville ,whig of ,june #ad1 #ahef4 ,,progressive ,,democracy--,,its ,,legitimate ,,fruits4 ,the following important document we take from the ,national ,intelligencer1 of ,january #bb1 #ahea4 ,it was signed and published by gentlemen irrespective of parties--,,forty-,,four ,senators and ,representatives in ,congress4 ,it will be a curiosity to those of our readers who may have forgotten its well-timed and patriotic pledges4 ,how unfortunate it has been for the country1 and especially the public tranquillity1 that the determination and counsels of these men were1 in an evil hour1 departed from1 and flagrantly violated by the demagogues of the self-styled ,democratic party6 ,to the violation of this solemn pledge by the repeal of the ,missouri ,compromise line1 and the repening of the ,slavery agitation by the introduction of the ,kansas-,nebraska bill1 intended to elevate that miserable little demagogue1 ,stephen ,a4 ,douglass1 to the ,presidency1 we are indebted for all the scenes of bloodshed in ,kansas1 to the angry slavery discussions in ,congress1 and the disgraceful scenes of riot being almost daily enacted there6 ,several copies of the following ,declaration were circulated in ,congress1 and obtained a number of signatures in both halls2 but no other list was ever published1 that we know of1 besides this1 which1 it will be seen1 was headed by the illustrious ,,henry ,,clay3 ,the undersigned1 members of the thirty-first ,congress of the ,united ,states1 believing that a renewal of sectional controversy upon the subject of slavery would be both dangerous to the ,union and destructive of its objects2 and seeing no mode by which such controversy can be avoided1 except by a strict adherence to the settlement thereof effected by the ,compromise ,acts passed at the last session of ,congress1 do hereby declare their intention to maintain the said settlement inviolate1 and to resist all attempts to repeal or alter the acts aforesaid1 unless by the general consent of the friends of the measure1 and to remedy such evils1 if any1 as time and experience may develop4 ,and1 for the purpose of making this resolution effective1 they further declare that they will not support for the office of ,president1 ,vice-,president1 ,senator1 or ,representative in ,congress1 or as a member of a ,state ,legislature1 any man1 of whatever party1 who is not known to be opposed to the disturbance of the settlement aforesaid1 and to the renewal1 in any form1 of agitation upon the subject of slavery4 ,henry ,clay1 ,c4 ,s4 ,morehead1 ,robt4 ,l4 ,rose1 ,w4 ,c4 ,dawson1 ,thos4 ,j4 ,rusk1 ,jere4 ,clemens1 ,james ,cooper1 ,thos4 ,c4 ,pratt1 ,wm4 ,m4 ,gwin1 ,samuel ,a4 ,elliot1 ,david ,outlaw1 ,o4 ,h4 ,williams1 ,j4 ,philips ,phoenix1 ,a4 ,m4 ,schemerhorn1 ,jno4 ,r4 ,thurman1 ,d4 ,a4 ,bokee1 ,geo4 ,r4 ,andrews1 ,w4 ,p4 ,mangum1 ,jeremiah ,morton1 ,r4 ,i4 ,bowie1 ,e4 ,c4 ,cabell1 ,alex4 ,evans1 ,howell ,cobb1 ,h4 ,s4 ,foote1 ,wm4 ,duer1 ,jas4 ,brooks1 ,a4 ,h4 ,stephens1 ,r4 ,toombs1 ,m4 ,p4 ,gentry1 ,h4 ,w4 ,hilliard1 ,f4 ,e4 ,mc,lean1 ,a4 ,g4 ,watkins1 ,h4 ,a4 ,bullard1 ,t4 ,s4 ,haywood1 ,a4 ,h4 ,shephard1 ,daniel ,breck1 ,jas4 ,l4 ,johnson1 ,j4 ,b4 ,thompson1 ,j4 ,m4 ,anderson1 ,john ,b4 ,kerr1 ,j4 ,p4 ,caldwell1 ,ed4 ,deberry1 ,h4 ,marshall1 ,allen ,f4 ,owen4 ,the rowdyism and treachery of ,democracy never intended to abide by this pledge--and hence their disturbance of the settlement aforesaid1 by opening up anew this villainous agitation upon the subject of slavery4 ,this violation of a solemn pledge has introduced into ,kansas civil war1 caused bloodshed1 the shooting down of men in cold blood1 and overrun that country with contending parties1 called ,friends of ,freedom and ,border ,ruffians1 armed with ,sharpe's rifles1 ,colt's revolvers1 bowie-knives1 and clubs1 mixed with ,bibles6 ,all this really affords an illustration of the domineering insolence of ,democratic ,abolitionism--an element in our ,federal ,government which will stop at no extremity of violence1 in order to subdue the people of the ,slave ,states1 and force them into a miserable subservience to its fanatical dominion4 ,and it is worthy of note1 that the shooting of ,sheriff ,jones and others in ,kansas1 occurred immediately after the arrival of the ,new ,haven ,emigrant ,rifle ,company6 ,this1 too1 calls to mind forcibly the very delectable conversational speechifying that took place at the ,new ,haven ,rifle ,meeting1 among the pious villains who figured most conspicuously4 ,as it is short1 we give it entire3 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,dutton 7pastor of the church47--,one of the deacons of this church1 ,mr4 ,harvey ,hall1 is going out with the company to ,kansas1 and ,i1 as his pastor1 desire to present him a ,bible and a ,sharpe's rifle4 7,great applause47 ,e4 ,p4 ,pie4--,i will give one4 ,stephen ,d4 ,purdee4--,i will give one for myself1 and also another one for my wife4 ,mr4 ,beecher4--,i like to see that--it is a bold stroke both right and left4 7,great laughter47 ,charles ,ives4--,put me down for three4 ,thomas ,r4 ,trowbridge4--,put me down for four4 7,continued laughter47 ,dr4 ,j4 ,i4 ,howe4--,i will subscribe for one4 ,a gentleman said that ,miss ,mary ,dutton would give one4 ,dr4 ,stephen ,g4 ,hubbard4--,one4 ,mr4 ,beecher here stated that if twenty-five could be raised on the spot1 he would pledge twenty-five more from the church at ,plymouth--fifty being a sufficient number for the whole supply4 7,clapping of hands all over the house47 ,prof4 ,silliman now left ,mr4 ,beecher to speak for the bid1 and sat down to enjoy the occasion4 ,mr4 ,killem4--,i give one4 ,mr4 ,beecher4--,killem--that's a significant name in connection with a good ,sharpe's rifle4 7,laughter47 ,after this1 this clerical vagabond1 ,beecher1 blessed the weapons1 and encouraged the party to go forth and do or die in the sublime cause of nigger freedom6 ,in all human probability1 sweet ,mary ,dutton's rifle may have sped the ball that pierced the side of ,sheriff ,jones1 the officer of the law1 while in the honest discharge of a sworn duty6 ,subsequent murders1 where pro-slavery men were shot down with these rifles1 we attribute to the omen that ,beecher found in his name ,killem--it is a significant name in connection with ,sharpe's rifle4 ,the real assassins shoot down their men1 and with their rifles and ,bibles flee2 but she who unfrocked herself by furnishing a rifle1 and he who gave and blessed the weapon of death1 are here to accept the thanks of their admirers and partisans4 ,let sweet ,mary and her beloved pastor be crowned with wreaths of deadly night-shade1 and consigned to one cell in ,sing ,sing prison6 ,but the success of ,ruffianism in ,kansas1 in the hands of those vile ,abolition ,democrats1 has emboldened members of the same party to introduce it in the ,federal ,capital4 ,but the other day1 ,,mr4 ,,sumner1 of ,massachusetts1 made1 in his place in the ,u4 ,s4 ,senate1 one of the most incendiary and inflammatory speeches ever uttered on the floor of either ,house of ,congress6 ,the vocabulary of ,billingsgate was exhausted in denouncing all who dared to justify the institution of slavery--using1 over and over again1 such terms as hireling1 picked from the drunken spew of an uneasy civilization in the form of men1 c4 ,the language made use of was disgraceful to the vile ,abolitionist himself1 and to the ,senate1 of which he never ought to have been a member4 ,there was no limit to the personal abuse in which the villainous ,senator indulged1 no restraint to the vile epithets coined in his insane head2 and the very natural consequence was1 a personal chastisement of ,mr4 ,sumner1 in the ,senate chamber1 by ,mr4 ,brooks1 a ,representative from ,south ,carolina1 and a relative of ,judge ,butler1 the gentleman abused in his absence1 which1 for its severity1 never was equalled in ,washington4 ,mr4 ,sumner was the aggressor1 because he poured out the vials of his wrath upon not only ,judge ,butler1 a distinguished ,senator1 but upon the whole ,state of ,south ,carolina4 ,we do not justify the selection of a time and place by ,mr4 ,brooks1 for punishing this ,massachusetts ,abolitionist2 but we should despise the son of ,south ,carolina who could hear his native ,state arraigned in such temper and language1 without feeling intensely1 and manifesting that feeling at a proper time and place4 ,indeed1 it would be strange if a ,south ,carolinian did not resent the arrogant1 insulting1 and contemptuous tone which ,mr4 ,sumner saw fit to indulge in towards ,south ,carolina in general1 and her ,senator in particular6 ,we know ,judge ,butler--we have seen him on the ,bench1 in the discharge of the duties of a ,circuit-,judge--we have seen and heard him in the ,senate ,chamber1 where he has served for years1 with credit to himself and honor to his ,state4 ,he is an accomplished man1 and a most amiable and honorable gentleman4 ,his character is unblemished2 he stands deservedly high2 he is a gentleman of urbane and courteous demeanor1 and is beloved1 esteemed1 and respected1 by all gentlemen who know him or associate with him4 ,besides1 he is an old man1 gray-haired1 and palsied2 and1 whether present or absent1 deserved to be treated as a gentleman4 ,northern men may not expect to vilify the ,south in this way1 without having to atone for it4 ,men who profess to belong to the peace party1 ought not to employ language that will provoke a fight1 and then shield themselves behind their non-resistant defences4 ,they voluntarily put themselves upon the platform of resistance--they pass insults1 and they must submit to the consequences4 ,we have just finished the perusal of a case in sop's ,fables1 exactly in point4 ,it is the case of a trumpeter taken prisoner in battle4 ,he claimed exemption from the common fate of prisoners of war1 in ancient times1 on the ground that he carried no weapons1 and was1 in fact1 a non-combatant1 belonging to the peace party6 ,non-combatant1 the ,devil6 exclaimed the opposing party1 pointing to his trumpet1 as preparations were being made to put him to death1 ,why1 ,sir1 you hold in your hands the very instrument which incites our foes to tenfold furies against us6 ,but this fight between the parties has to come1 and it should begin at ,washington1 and if not in the halls of ,congress1 at least in the streets of the ,federal city4 ,let the battle be fought there1 and not in ,kansas1 and let it fall upon the villainous agitators of the ,slavery question1 and the ,democratic disturbers of the ,compromises of the ,constitution4 ,let it come now1 that it may be fought out and settled1 and not left to posterity1 to curse and crush the rising generation6 ,mr4 ,brooks is a ,democrat1 and an anti-,know ,nothing4 ,mr4 ,sumner is a ,democrat--was elected by the votes of the ,democrats1 over that noble and dignified ,whig1 ,mr4 ,winthrop1 and his election was hailed throughout the ,union as a ,democratic triumph6 ,massachusetts1 irrespective of parties1 seems to have taken great offence at this occurrence1 and to have held indignation meetings1 and was to have had ,legislative action upon the subject4 ,we tell ,massachusetts that she is alone to blame1 for sending such a man to the ,united ,states ,senate4 ,there was a great debate in the ,senate twenty-five years ago1 in which ,daniel ,webster and ,gov4 ,hayne met each other and grappled like giants1 as they were4 ,the ,state of ,south ,carolina1 in that day1 though represented by an able1 patriotic1 and great man1 came off second best4 ,the ,senator from ,massachusetts1 of that day1 was an able statesman1 a ,constitutional lawyer of unsurpassed abilities1 and1 withal1 a cautious gentleman1 and rose above the low blackguardism of a ,sumner and a ,wilson4 ,when taunted by the ,senator from ,south ,carolina with ,federalism1 and opposition to some of the features of the ,war of #ahab1 the great ,webster presented ,massachusetts before the ,senate and the ,union1 in such a manner that men of all sections bowed down and worshipped her4 ,standing erect with the flash of his eagle eye1 he exclaimed1 ,there is ,boston1 and ,concord1 and ,lexington1 and ,bunker ,hill--let them testify to the loyalty of ,massachusetts to this glorious ,union6 ,not only did ,mr4 ,webster come out of that controversy with ,south ,carolina with the admiration of every man in the country1 but with the respect and admiration of ,calhoun1 ,hayne1 ,mc,duffie1 and all the high-toned statesmen of the ,south4 ,and why8 ,because he was not a ,sumner1 a ,wilson1 or an ,abolition ,blackguard4 ,times have changed--a different man takes the place of a ,webster1 with only the memory of an insulting speech and a broken head6 ,let ,massachusetts send men to the ,united ,states ,senate who can and will demean themselves like gentlemen1 and gentlemen from the ,south will appreciate them1 while they differ honestly with them on great questions4 ,what wonderful progress ,democracy is making in the country6 ,first1 ,democracy quarrelled and jowered over the election of a ,speaker two months1 and finally1 by the introduction of the ,plurality ,rule1 caused ,banks1 a ,black ,republican1 to be elected4 ,and as if determined to atone for this wear of time and money1 they have brought about a series of fights1 which1 before they are disposed of1 will cost the government half a million of dollars6 ,first then1 ,william ,smith1 an ex-,governor of the ,state of ,virginia1 and member of the ,house of ,representatives1 assailed and beat the editor of the ,evening ,star1 in ,december last1 in the street4 ,second1 ,albert ,rusk1 a member of the ,house of ,representatives from ,arkansas1 assailed and beat the editor of the ,new ,york ,tribune in the grounds of the capitol1 immediately after leaving the ,house of ,representatives4 ,third1 ,philip ,t4 ,herbert1 of ,alabama1 a member of ,congress from ,california1 shot down and killed an ,irish ,catholic waiter at ,willard's1 and is now under bonds to appear before the ,court and await his trial for such crime as they may adjudge him to have committed4 ,fourth1 ,preston ,s4 ,brooks1 a member of the ,house of ,representatives from ,south ,carolina1 assails and beats unmercifully a ,senator from ,massachusetts1 when occupying his seat in the ,senate of the ,united ,states4 ,fifth1 ,mr4 ,bright knocked down the doorkeeper1 for an inconsiderable offence4 ,here1 then1 we have five breaches of the peace in five months1 by ,democrats upon ,democrats1 although the ,boston ,pilot1 a ,catholic organ1 falsely charges that some of the parties making these assaults are ,know ,nothings4 ,we congratulate the ,democratic party upon the progress of its leading members6 ,they are sinking by swift descent into barbarism1 and bringing the country to ruin4 ,and in keeping with all this1 they have tried to nominate for the ,vice-,presidency a man who openly proposed in ,congress the repeal of our neutrality laws1 so as to bring a general fight6 ,it will not do to say that ,sumner is not of the ,democratic party1 because he is a regular-built ,free-,soiler and ,black ,republican3 the ,washington ,union settled this point in #aheb1 when it uttered these memorable words3 ,the ,free-soil ,democratic leaders of the ,north are a regular portion of the ,democratic party1 and ,general ,pierce1 if elected1 will make no distinction between them and the rest of the ,democracy in the distribution of official patronage1 and in the selection of agents for administering the government4 ,the rules of the ,senate forbid personalities in debate1 and it was the sworn duty of its ,locofoco ,president1 ,mr4 ,bright1 to have called ,mr4 ,sumner to order for his abuse of ,judge ,butler4 ,but as far back as thirty years ago1 under the auspices of ,,john ,c4 ,,calhoun as presiding officer1 a decision was made to the effect that the presiding officer of the ,senate was neither bound nor had he the power to call ,senators to order6 ,that power1 according to his decision1 belonged wholly to the ,senate itself----thus delivering over the minority of that body to the tender mercies of the majority6 ,the object of ,mr4 ,,calhoun at the time was to play into the hands of a combination which had been formed to break down the ,administration of ,john ,quincy ,adams1 and to cripple ,henry ,clay4 ,the instrument used was the sarcastic1 irritating1 and personal rhetoric of ,john ,randolph1 then a member of the ,senate4 ,to this end1 ,randolph was suffered to deliver in the ,senate a long succession of tirades1 disgraceful to the ,senate1 abusive of ,new ,england and of ,henry ,clay4 ,here is a specimen of ,randolph's abuse1 which led to a duel between him and ,mr4 ,clay3 ,this man1 7mankind1 ,i crave pardon17 this worm1 7little animals1 forgive the insult17 was raised to a higher life than he was born to1 for he was raised to the society of blackguards4 ,some fortune--kind to him1 cruel to us--has tossed him to the ,secretaryship of ,state4 ,contempt has the property of descending1 but stops far short of him4 ,she would die before she would reach him3 he dwells below her fall4 ,i would hate him1 if ,i did not despise him4 ,it is not ,,what he is1 but ,,where he is1 that puts my thoughts into action4 ,the alphabet which writes the name of ,thersites1 blackguard1 squalidity1 refuses her letters for him4 ,that mind which thinks on what it cannot express1 can scarcely think on him4 ,an hyperbole for ,,meanness would be an ellipsis for ,,clay4 ,this was pleasing to ,mr4 ,calhoun and the dominant party in the ,senate1 and his decision which tolerated it never was questioned by any authoritative precedent1 until ,,millard ,,fillmore was elected ,vice-,president4 ,with characteristic independence1 he determined that a precedent so unreasonable and absurd should not be binding on him as the presiding officer of the ,senate4 ,he therefore1 on assuming the duties of his office1 delivered an address to the ,senate1 in which he informed that body that he considered it his sworn duty to preserve decorum1 and would reverse the rule which had so long prevailed1 that ,senators were not to be called to order for words spoken in debate6 ,the ,senate ordered this address to be entered at large on their journals1 as an evidence of their endorsement of its doctrines2 and there it is now1 recorded evidence of the patriotism1 high sense of decorum1 and senatorial dignity of that great and good man1 ,,millard ,,fillmore4 ,,strength ,,of ,,parties ,,in ,,tennessee4 ,,official ,,votes ,,of ,,the ,,state4 ,the following tables exhibit the official vote of ,tennessee for ,president in #aheb1 for ,governor in #ahec1 and for ,governor in #ahee1 as compared at the capital of the ,state1 and will be valuable as a table for reference4 ,in the last contest1 when the ,know ,nothing issues were fully made1 causing all the latent blackguardism in the ,democratic ranks to be fully developed1 it will be seen that ,andrew ,johnson received #fg1dii votes1 and ,meredith ,p4 ,gentry #fe1cdb1 leaving ,johnson a majority of #b1aeg1 a falling off of #ajd votes from his majority over ,maj4 ,henry two years before that4 ,it will also be perceived that the vote of the ,state at this last election is an increase of #h1bfj over the vote two years previous4 ,of this increase1 ,col4 ,gentry gets #d1ahb1 his vote exceeding ,maj4 ,henry's by that much1 while ,johnson's increase upon his own vote two years previous was #d1jgh4 ,it is a moderate calculation to say that ,johnson received at least two thousand foreign and illegal votes2 while we are within bounds when we say that at least #e1jjj old-line ,whigs refused to vote for ,col4 ,gentry--demonstrating beyond all doubt that a majority of the legal voters of the ,state were opposed to ,johnson and his party4 ,in the contest now being waged1 ,fillmore and ,donelson will carry the ,state by a majority ranging from three to five thousand votes1 despite the low ,billingsgate slang and vile blackguardism that may be heaped upon them and their supporters4 ,and as this calculation is made in ,june1 five months in advance of the election1 we must ask those into whose hands this work shall fall without the limits of ,tennessee1 to bear it in mind1 and when they get the returns in ,november1 to give us credit for our sagacity or our want of sagacity6 ,the contest will be fierce and bitter1 exceeding any former political battle witnessed in the ,state4 ,if the orators and editors of the self-styled ,democratic party have not greatly reformed in the space of one year1 but little argument will be adduced1 but little gentlemanly courtesy manifested2 and instead of facts1 figures and arguments1 bitter invective1 low blackguardism1 and ,billingsgate abuse of secret organizations1 dark lanterns1 and ,protestant clergymen1 will be the order of the day4 ,in this congenial work1 all the conglomeration of ignorant men1 foreign paupers1 and fag-ends and factions1 styling themselves ,democrats1 will engage6 ,but to the official vote of the ,state3 ,popular ,vote of ,tennessee--,official4 ,,east ,,tennessee4 #aheb4 #ahec4 #ahee4 ,counties4 ,scott4 ,pierce4 ,henry4 ,johnson4 ,gentry4 ,johnson4 ,anderson #fjb #bfg #fdh #cgi #ggb #ccc ,bledsoe #dfd #bji #dfi #cjc #djd #cfa ,blount #hbg #eff #aadf #gcd #ajfi #ghi ,bradley #edg #ggh #efb #ajhe #fdd #ajba ,campbell #cac #bea #cef #dde #ejg #chc ,carter #ehe #aci #gba #bid #gfh #bch ,claiborne #ejc #eai #fbj #gjg #gef #gdd ,cooke #gdc #aif #hfg #chc #ibi #dbb ,grainger #heb #dgg #iih #gfg #acbg #fba ,greene #ghj #acja #ijb #aiae #ihi #aihe ,hawkins #ggh #hca #hje #aahj #hhg #aaeh ,hamilton #ggd #fdh #ghf #igb #iff #ajdd ,hancock #bda #ccf #bba #ecb #bfd #ehi ,jefferson #aafh #cjg #acif #fci #afig #ddd ,johnson #cfe #ic #cib #ahd #djj #bae ,knox #ahfc #efe #bbgi #ggj #befj #fie ,mc,minn #gif #hff #gii #ife #iji #iec ,meigs #ada #ddb #aah #efa #ig #ehh ,marion #dec #bib #dgf #ceg #eed #dfh ,monroe #hje #hdg #gci #ijj #hea #ajje ,morgan #bdj #bbb #bbi #bfj #bai #ceh ,polk #bgb #dgj #bdi #ebg #che #fgf ,rhea #cjj #cjg #bgj #ceh #bih #dae ,roane #hbj #fgh #iab #gee #ajjb #gfi ,sevier #fba #hj #hbd #acc #ifd #abj ,scott #aii #abg #ahf #ahb #aba #bei ,sullivan #bfj #aaad #cfa #adjg #fja #adjc ,washington #efe #hec #ifg #ajfi #hdg #acch ------ ------ ------ ------ #ai1bih #ah1gfc #ba1ghg #ai1cid ,,middle ,,tennessee4 ,counties4 ,scott4 ,pierce4 ,henry4 ,johnson4 ,gentry4 ,johnson4 ,bedford #acij #acef #acei #abeg #afcj #abic ,cannon #dec #gbg #dde #hjc #deh #hei ,coffee #bje #gbb #bgd #hbd #bid #hhj ,davidson #bfag #bjeh #beig #aifc #cacb #aghc ,de ,kalb #eei #ehh #fcb #faj #efj #gch ,dickson #cbc #fjg #ceg #gdc #chh #gde ,fentress #aec #daa #aff #ejd #abi #faf ,franklin #ccj #aacc #cef #abbd #cid #acjb ,giles #acjc #addg #acja #adfh #acab #adci ,grundy #dd #cbg #eh #cgd #bb #dbe ,hardin #fdc #hjh #fga #hbg #gde #gge ,hickman #bda #hci #bfc #hab #bbc #ajec ,humphreys #bfc #dga #cda #eja #ced #edc ,jackson #aagj #hjc #aaed #iie #aabb #aaca ,lawrence #edg #ehc #ebc #gca #ebd #hde ,lewis #dc #ahf #ff #ahb #cd #bdc ,lincoln #fjf #bbig #fag #bcbb #djb #beba ,maury #acbd #agii #abch #agca #addd #agic ,montgomery #abfj #iic #acji #ajjd #aejb #hha ,marshall #fff #acdj #fga #abhb #fgh #acaj ,macon #fag #cgd #eec #cda #edj #dbd ,overton #cde #ajci #dca #abhb #bij #aebh ,robertson #ajac #gfi #aahc #gfc #abef #hjd ,rutherford #adie #acac #adjg #abdc #adce #abhh ,smith #agdb #ebj #agce #edf #aegb #fdd ,stewart #ecc #gbe #dgi #gah #efc #ghe ,sumner #hbe #aefc #hjf #adbe #ghj #agdj ,van ,buren #ajg #afe #aaj #bje #ij #bbh ,warren #cdd #ibb #djb #ajic #cic #aaec ,wayne #fff #chj #gji #dcj #fhg #ece ,white #idi #eah #igd #fcd #igh #fid ,williamson #aehc #gfc #aejb #gaj #afba #fhh ,wilson #bbdh #ibc #bbda #iie #bbij #icg ------ ------ ------ ------ #bf1icj #cj1eej #bg1hdb #cb1fbc ,,west ,,tennessee4 ,counties4 ,scott4 ,pierce4 ,henry4 ,johnson4 ,gentry4 ,johnson4 ,benton #cdj #dhe #cic #dfe #dge #dec ,carroll #adih #fdi #adfi #ffc #aefg #fid ,decatur #djj #cae #djh #bhe #cec #dbi ,dyer #ejh #daa #dgf #cgc #ddb #dhc ,fayette #ajjf #ajcd #ajaa #ajjf #aaea #idj ,gibson #aegj #ija #aead #ajbd #afah #abac ,hardeman #gag #ajbd #fea #ajbe #fai #aabc ,henderson #aaic #eaa #acja #eic #abcj #gcd ,henry #hii #aeaf #hia #adif #hga #agch ,haywood #gij #gcb #gbf #ghe #hjc #gfb ,lauderdale #ccj #bgg #cai #beb #ced #big ,mc,nairy #iba #hgb #ajaf #ihd #iae #ajei ,madison #adbf #hai #abfa #gie #addh #ghh ,obion #dca #fdd #edg #gib #djg #hfe ,perry #cbe #cad #chg #cbi #cbj #dej ,shelby #ahbd #afbh #aede #adce #ahca #adgg ,tipton #ceg #efe #bhd #ebg #dbd #eff ,weakley #ghc #aadi #gcc #abgi #hhe #adaa ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ #eh1hjb #eg1abc #ad1icb #ad1ajh #ae1gac #ae1dhb #eg1abc ------ ,scott's majority1 #a1fgi ,east ,tennessee1 #ai1bih #ah1gfc #ba1ghg #ai1cid ,middle ,tennessee1 #bf1icj #cj1eej #bg1hdb #cb1fbc ------ ------ ------ ------ #fa1afj #fc1dba #fe1cdb #fg1dii #fa1afj #fe1cdb ------ ------ ,johnson's majority #b1bfa #b1aeg ,fillmore and ,donelson ,electoral ,ticket4 ,as a matter of reference1 and that none may mistake the ,american ,ticket on the day of the election1 we give it as agreed upon and matured by our party3 ,,for ,,the ,,state4 ,,hon4 ,,neill ,s4 ,,brown1 of ,davidson4 ,,horace ,,maynard1 of ,knox4 ,,for ,,the ,,districts4 #ast ,district--,n4 ,g4 ,,taylor1 of ,carter4 #b;d ,,moses ,,white1 of ,knox4 #c;d ,,reese ,b4 ,,brabson1 of ,hamilton4 #dth ,w4 ,p4 ,,hickerson1 of ,coffee4 #eth ,,robert ,,hatton1 of ,wilson4 #fth ,w4 ,h4 ,,wisener1 of ,bedford4 #gth ,c4 ,c4 ,,crowe1 of ,giles4 #hth ,j4 ,m4 ,,quarles1 of ,montgomery4 #ith ,,isaac ,r4 ,,hawkins1 of ,carroll4 #ajth ,,joseph ,r4 ,,mosby1 of ,fayette4 ,this is an able ticket1 and greatly superior to the opposing ticket1 as our readers will bear us witness when they hear the parties in debate4 ,most of these gentlemen have consented to serve on the ticket at great personal sacrifices2 and like their chief1 ,mr4 ,,fillmore1 they have undertaken to serve their party and country without waiting to inquire of its prospects of success or defeat4 ,and all the reward they seek is to be able to conduct the struggle to a victorious consummation in ,tennessee1 and this we feel confident they will do4 ,the battle in ,tennessee will be hotly contested1 but it is by no means doubtful4 ,tennessee for the last twenty years1 and in five preceding presidential contests1 has refused to range herself under the black banner of ,locofocoism2 and now that that banner is doubly infamous by being raised and cheered by ,catholics1 foreigners1 and paupers of every clime1 it is fair to presume she will spurn the flag6 ,,the ,,black ,,republican ,,nominees4 ,the ,black ,republican ,party1 in their recent ,convention at ,philadelphia1 have nominated ,,john ,,charles ,,fremont1 of ,california1 for the ,presidency1 and ,ex-,senator ,,william ,l4 ,,dayton1 of ,new ,jersey1 for the ,vice ,presidency6 ,this man ,fremont is no statesman--has no experience in political life--has not the first qualification for this eminent and responsible station--and his nomination has not been made upon any plausible pretext whatever4 ,he is an ,engineer by profession--once penetrated with his companions to the ,pacific coast1 across the ,rocky ,mountains--is the son-in-law of ,tom ,benton--is a ,free ,trade ,locofoco1 and an avowed ,free ,soiler4 ,the following letter addressed by ,fremont to the great ,tabernacle ,abolition meeting in ,new ,york1 last spring1 is full and explicit1 and defines his position on the slavery question3 ,,new ,,york1 ,april #bi1 #ahef4 ,,gentlemen3 ,i have to thank you for the honor of an invitation to a meeting this evening at the ,broadway ,tabernacle1 and regret that other engagements have interfered to prevent my being present4 ,i heartily concur in all movements which have for their object 'to repair the mischiefs arising from the violation of good faith in the repeal of the ,missouri ,compromise4' ,i am opposed to slavery in the abstract and upon principle1 sustained and made habitual by long-settled convictions4 ,while ,i feel inflexible in the belief that it ought not to be interfered with where it exists under the shield of ,state sovereignty1 ,i am as inflexibly opposed to its extension on this continent beyond its present limits4 ,with the assurance of regard for yourselves1 ,i am very respectfully yours1 ,j4 ,c4 ,,fremont4 ,messrs4 ,j4 ,d4 ,morgan and others4 ,in addition to this1 ,fremont is the representative of aggression3 he is a ,filibuster1 and the exponent of a civilization above all constitutions1 and all laws4 ,the fact that ,seward1 ,chase1 ,giddings1 and such men--able anti-slavery men1 and experienced politicians1 were passed over1 is proof that they were not governed by principle1 but seek to shift the issue1 and to make it personal and sectional4 ,take into the account1 moreover1 the fact that ,dayton1 a man of moderate talents1 is a sort of ,protective ,tariff ,locofoco1 the advocate of ,foreign ,pauper labor1 and the largest liberty for ,catholics1 and it gives to the ticket a considerable degree of interest4 ,the leading men in the ,convention were reckless and unprincipled demagogues1 of the ,locofoco school of politics1 including the ,british ,free ,trade policy1 ,filibusterism1 etc41 whose only aim is place and plunder4 ,their ,free-soil principles1 outside of their radical purposes1 are scarcely skin deep6 ,by many well-informed men1 no doubts are entertained now1 that the nomination of ,fremont and ,dayton has been the result of an intrigue between ,seward and ,archbishop ,hughes2 and from a resolution of their platform1 as reported by the ,committee on ,resolutions1 we attach credit to this inference4 ,it will bring the ,buchanan party at the ,north to terms1 as they are likely to be the only sufferers from this ticket4 ,it will be managed in future alone with an eye to the aid of ,buchanan6 ,we take the following notice of ,fremont from the ,charleston 7,s4 ,c47 ,standard1 and consider it every way reliable3 ,mr4 ,fremont will be destined to play a distinguished part in the drama1 and his history and character therefore will1 doubtless1 become subjects of considerable importance4 ,he is generally regarded as a native of ,charleston1 but of this we have occasion to doubt4 ,many gentlemen here1 who knew him in early life1 concur in saying that he was born in ,savannah4 ,up to within a short time prior to his birth1 his mother was a resident of ,norfolk1 in ,virginia1 and it is generally asserted that his parents resided in ,savannah before they became settled in ,charleston2 however this may have been1 it is at least conceded that he first came into notice in this city4 ,his prospects here were not particularly promising1 but he attracted the attention of some philanthropic gentlemen1 who provided the means for his entrance and instruction in the ,charleston ,college4 ,his progress there was not remarkable1 and when his class graduated he was not considered entitled to a diploma4 ,he was afterwards recommended as a proper person to take charge of the night-school of the ,apprentices' ,library ,association2 but1 though his attainments were sufficient1 and his address particularly acceptable to the ,directors of that ,institution1 he was not as attentive as he might have been1 and the school fell through4 ,he afterwards procured1 through ,mr4 ,poinsett1 a situation as instructor of junior officers on board a vessel of war bound to the ,pacific1 and in this condition is said to have acquitted himself well4 ,he afterwards acquired some knowledge of civil engineering1 and filling unimportant positions in connection with one and another public work1 was at length brought to notice and distinction by his connection with ,mr4 ,nicholet in his ,survey of the ,mississippi ,valley1 and from that marched steadily on to the ,rocky ,mountains1 and a renown that has placed his name before the country4 ,from the records of his early life1 it would seem that he had talent1 and was quite addicted to naval reading1 but was wayward1 and if not indolent1 was inefficient in the tasks undertaken at the instance of other people1 and up to the time of his entrance upon his duties as instructor in the naval school1 had hardly made up his mind whether he would be a man of character or a blackguard4 ,he was fond of dress1 however1 and the records of the court still show that he wore a suit of clothes which he was afterwards compelled to declare on oath his inability to pay for1 in order to avoid inconvenient restrictions upon his personal liberty2 but chance gave a proper direction to his abilities2 he had the latent energy of character to act up to his opportunities1 and he has really presented a career which any one might regard with satisfaction4 ,it is certainly to be regretted that he should lend himself to the uses of a party so reckless and subversive1 not only of the ,union but of the rights of that section to which1 if capable of sentiments of patriotism1 he might be supposed to feel attachment2 but the prospect of the ,presidency would be a sore trial to the probity of most men1 and we find nothing in the antecedents of ,mr4 ,fremont to cause a feeling of disappointment that he should yield to the allurements of power4 ,he is commended for his attentions to his mother1 and they were certainly exemplary4 ,she was poor1 and after he determined to behave himself and work like a man1 he made her as entirely comfortable as there was the reason to believe his circumstances permitted4 ,,postscript4--,mr4 ,fremont turns out to be a ,roman ,catholic1 and to have been raised one1 and this explains the readiness of ,bishop ,hughes to abandon ,buchanan1 and go over to ,fremont4 ,it also explains why it is that so many ,german ,catholic papers are coming out for ,fremont1 in the large cities1 and in the ,north-,western ,states4 ,in #ahej1 ,fremont held a seat in the ,united ,states ,senate1 for the space of about three months1 and during that time sought to introduce a ,catholic ,priest to open their services with prayers1 and was successful to some extent4 ,he also attended service at the ,catholic ,church4 ,the ,washington ,star1 of the #aith ,june1 #ahef1 gives the following exposition of facts1 in reference to ,fremont and his religion3 ,a ,,sort ,,of ,a ,,catholic4--,we take it for granted that among the informal pledges extracted by delegations in ,george ,law's ,convention1 from ,col4 ,fremont1 there was not one against the ,catholic ,church2 insomuch as1 up to the recent birth of his aspirations for the ,presidency1 he always passed in ,washington for a good enough outside ,roman ,catholic2 that being the ,church in which he was reared4 ,he was married in this city1 it will be remembered1 by ,father ,van ,horseigh1 a clergyman of his ,church--not of that of his wife's family4 ,the ,republicans sought to incorporate into their platform a plank in opposition to the ,religious ,proscription of the ,american party1 so as to suit the taste of ,romanists generally2 but ,thaddeus ,stevens1 who knows ,pennsylvania as well as any man living1 implored them not to do so1 and stated that such a course1 with ,fremont as their nominee1 would lose them ,pennsylvania by #ej1jjj votes6 ,it turns out1 however1 that ,fremont1 as the anti-,american1 anti-,protestant candidate1 with ,mr4 ,dayton on the ticket1 equally anti-,american1 and devoted to ,romanism1 will sweep the ,catholic vote in the ,united ,states4 ,catholics may favor ,buchanan in such ,southern ,states as do not run a ,fremont ticket1 but in all the ,northern and ,north-,western ,states1 the ,fremont ticket will ruin the ,buchanan ticket4 ,this question1 taken in connection with the ,slavery issue1 and the ,filibustering issue1 narrows the contest down to one between ,fillmore and ,fremont4 ,buchanan is defeated1 and the ,southern fire-eaters see and feel it6 ,the ,atlanta 7,ga47 ,intelligencer comes out and states1 that if ,buchanan can't be elected1 it prefers ,fremont to ,fillmore6 ,and the ,south ,carolina and ,mississippi ,disunionists openly avow1 that they wish this to be the last contest of the kind4 ,they are for ,buchanan or ,fremont1 over ,fillmore1 because they believe the election of either will have the glorious effect to bring about a dissolution of the ,union6 ,in the same breath they admit that ,fillmore will labor to perpetuate the ,union1 and that his election will have the effect to prolong its existence a few brief years6 ,southern men1 and ,northern men1 ,union men1 and national1 conservative men1 of all parties1 can now see where we are driving to1 and who they should support for the ,presidency4 ,let them guard against these demons of ,popery--these incarnate fiends of the ,free ,soil faith--these fanatics of a sectional cast--these slimy vultures of ,secession--these bogus ,democrats--and these infinitely infernal traitors to the ,constitution and the ,union6 ,col4 ,fremont was educated in and graduated from ,st4 ,mary's ,college1 in ,baltimore1 a ,roman ,catholic ,institution4 ,he was brought up in the ,catholic ,faith1 and is a ,catholic4 ,he married a daughter of ,col4 ,benton4 ,miss ,benton was a ,presbyterian4 ,they were married by a clergyman of that denomination2 but a ,catholic priest made a fuss about it as being null1 void1 and heretical1 and the ceremony was re-performed by him6--,auburn ,american4 ,the ,american might have added1 that ,fremont is the son of a ,catholic ,frenchman1 the son of a ,catholic mother1 and was reared under ,catholic influence4 ,nay1 ,fremont educates his children at the ,roman ,catholic ,institution at ,georgetown1 in the ,district of ,columbia6 ,the placing of such a candidate before the public1 seems especially designed to defy public sentiment1 and mock the ,protestant ,american feeling of the country6 ,we had expected the ,catholics1 with ,bishop ,hughes at their head1 in a few years more1 to come out openly1 and run a ,catholic for the ,presidency1 but we had not supposed them bold enough to attempt it in #ahef4 ,to show beyond all doubt that the nomination of ,fremont was the result of a coalition between ,seward and ,hughes1 more in reference to the ,catholic question than the ,slavery issue1 we present the record of ,fremont in the ,united ,states ,senate--his ultra-,pro-,slavery course--his voting against justice to the ,colonization ,society1 and seven hundred and fifty captured slaves--his opposition to the abolition of ,slavery in the ,district of ,columbia6 ,,he ,,is ,,extreme ,,southern ,,and ,,pro-,,slavery4 ,john ,c4 ,fremont held a seat in the ,united ,states ,senate1 in #ahej1 for the space of a few months4 ,during that time he made no speeches2 indeed1 he has scarcely ever been known to utter any sentiments1 or sanction any opinions4 ,yet his votes1 as a member of the ,senate1 did make for him a record2 and it is this record that will stare him in the face as long as he lives--a record in direct conflict with his present professions and position before the country3 ,,look ,,at ,,it6--,,john ,c4 ,,fremont',s ,,statesmanship4 ,from the ,congressional ,globe--,vol4 #ba1 part #b;d1 p4 #ahjc1 etc4 ,,in ,,senate ,,of ,,united ,,states1 ,sept4 #aa1 #ahej4 ,mr4 ,underwood1 of ,kentucky1 called up the bill for the relief of the ,american ,colonization ,society4 ,the slaves that were recaptured on the barque ,pons were turned over to the ,colonization ,society1 by the authority of the ,united ,states1 sent to ,liberia1 and there kept at the expense of the society for one or two years4 ,most of them were children of twelve1 fifteen1 and sixteen years of age4 ,the society thinks that the expense of feeding1 clothing1 and educating these people1 which was thus devolved on them by the action of the ,government1 ought to be repaid them4 ,it was certainly an expense incurred by the society1 through the action of the ,government in throwing these young negroes upon them for maintenance1 instead of taking them1 as the ,government was bound to do by law1 and providing for them4 ,that is the nature of the claim4 ,they simply ask that so much shall be paid them as the society1 from its own experience1 pays in reference to its own emigrants4 ,the claim was reported upon favorably two years ago4 ,a similar report has again been made2 and as the necessities of the society require that they should have the money1 ,i hope1 said ,mr4 ,u41 the ,senate will consent to take up the bill4 ,the ,senate agreed to take up the bill1 and proceeded to consider it as in ,committee of the ,whole4 ,mr4 ,turney asked for the reading of the report of the ,committee4 ,the ,secretary read the report accordingly4 ,it sets forth that a liberal construction of the act of ,congress of ,march #c;d1 #ahai1 would require that the ,government should provide for the support of these recaptured ,africans1 for a reasonable time after they had been landed in ,liberia1 and that it is beneath the dignity of the ,government to devolve this duty upon the society4 ,the petition of the executive committee of the society which the ,committee incorporated in their report1 states that on the #afth of ,december1 #ahde1 the ,united ,states ,ship ,yorktown1 ,commodore ,bell1 landed at ,monrovia1 in ,liberia1 from the slaver ,pons1 seven hundred and fifty recaptured ,africans1 in a naked1 starving1 and dying condition1 all of them excepting twenty-one being under the age of twenty-one4 ,the ,united ,states made no provision for their support after they were landed4444 ,the services of providing for the destitute negroes were not required to be performed by the society under their constitution1 but the alternative was to leave these recaptured ,africans to starve and die1 and the society therefore cheerfully took charge of them1 relying upon the ,government of the ,united ,states to refund the cost to them4 ,the question was discussed at length as to whether the ,united ,states would pay these just and legal demands2 and on the vote being taken for the engrossment of the bill to a third reading1 ,mr4 ,fremont's name is found recorded in the negative--as follows3 ,,yeas--,messrs4 ,badger1 ,baldwin1 ,bell1 ,chase1 ,clayton1 ,davis of ,mass41 ,,dayton1 ,dodge of ,wis41 ,dodge of ,iowa1 ,douglass1 ,ewing1 ,felch1 ,greene1 ,hale1 ,hamlin1 ,jones1 ,mangum1 ,pearce1 ,pratt1 ,seward1 ,shields1 ,smith1 ,spruance1 ,sturgeon1 ,underwood1 ,wales1 ,walker1 ,whitcomb1 and ,winthrop--#bi4 ,,nays--,messrs4 ,atchison1 ,barnwell1 ,benton1 ,butler1 ,dawson1 ,dickinson1 ,downs1 ,,fremont1 ,hunter1 ,king1 ,mason1 ,rusk1 ,sebastian1 ,soule1 ,turner1 and ,yulee--#af4 ,,look ,,again6--,on the #ahth day of ,september1 #ahej1 the bill to prevent persons from enticing away slaves from the ,district of ,columbia was under consideration1 and ,john ,p4 ,hale moved that it be committed to the ,committee on the ,district of ,columbia1 with instructions to so amend it as to ,,abolish ,,slavery ,,in ,,the ,,district ,,of ,,columbia4 ,on the vote being taken1 ,,fremont',s name was recorded in the ,,negative4 7,see ,cong4 ,globe1 #cast ,congress1 part #b1 p4 #ahei47 ,such is ,mr4 ,fremont's record of ,statesmanship4 ,it shows his nomination by the ,republicans to have been a hollow mockery--a dishonest farce1--an insult to the intelligence of the ,american people4 ,we shall hereafter pursue the record of this remarkable man4 ,bishop ,hughes and ,wm4 ,h4 ,seward have been1 for years1 intimate personal and political friends4 ,it is a part of the political history of ,new ,york1 that ,seward is alone indebted to ,hughes for his reelection to the ,united ,states ,senate4 ,they are both now united in the support of ,fremont1 and they procured his nomination over ,judge ,mc,lean1 a pure and patriotic man--for many years a ,methodist ,class-,leader1 and an officer of a ,protestant ,bible ,society4 ,the coalition between ,hughes1 ,seward and ,fremont1 is complete1 and the evidence of the foul coalition and conspiracy will appear in full1 in a few days1 but not in time for us to get it into this work4 ,we are right glad of it1 as it narrows the contest down to one between ,fillmore and ,fremont1 and especially at the ,north4 ,in some of the ,northern ,states1 it is now conclusive that a ,buchanan ticket will not be run1 while in every ,northern ,state where such a ticket is run1 it will be with no hope of success6 ,hughes and ,seward will induce several ,states to drop ,buchanan1 and unite on ,fremont1 by bargaining with them1 and obligating themselves to give the ,democracy half of the spoils4 ,already several ,southern ,democratic papers are saying1 that if they can't elect ,buchanan1 they prefer ,fremont to ,fillmore6 ,this ought to open the eyes of all true patriots4 ,,old ,,line ,,whigs1 ,,and ,,the ,,motives ,,governing ,,some ,,of ,,them6 ,in this free country of ours1 gentlemen have a right to support any ,presidential or other ticket they may choose to support2 and where they are governed by pure motives in differing from a majority of their neighbors and old political associates1 no one has a right to complain4 ,some few gentlemen1 known as ,old ,line ,whigs1 will not come into the support of the ,american ticket1 but will even support the ,democratic ticket2 and do it from an honest 7though mistaken7 belief that they can most effectually serve the interests of the country by this course4 ,with such1 we shall be the last man to raise a quarrel--claiming the right to do as we please in matters of the sort4 ,but there are some men in the ranks of the enemy now1 who are governed by very different motives2 and as these are quoted against the ,american party1 or1 as their refusal to act with the party is a matter of boasting in the ,democratic ranks1 it is due to the cause of truth1 and of the country1 that they should be understood1 that their efforts may be appreciated4 ,without intending to be tedious1 we name ,,james ,c4 ,,jones1 of ,tennessee1 as at the head of the list of ,old ,liners1 whose devotion to the ,south1 and love of liberty1 prevent him from supporting ,fillmore and ,donelson4 ,this is the veriest stuff in the political world6 ,gov4 ,jones cannot excuse the matter of his opposition to ,millard ,fillmore upon the grounds he rests the case1 in his ,circular addressed to his constituents4 ,the true secret of the matter must come to light1 that old ,whigs and new ,whigs1 ,americans and ,democrats1 may appreciate his motives4 ,last fall1 at the ,fair in ,jackson1 in ,west ,tennessee1 in the house and at the bedside of ,,andrew ,,guthrie1 on being inquired of as to his future course1 the ,governor became very much excited1 and roundly asserted1 that if the ,american party nominated ,fillmore1 he should go against him4 ,because ,fillmore1 in his appointment of persons to office in ,tennessee1 did not consult him1 but in many cases appointed his personal enemies6 ,mark1 he did not pause to inquire who might be the opposing candidate to ,mr4 ,fillmore4 ,he was not then1 as he is not now1 governed by any principle in the matter1 but by passion4 ,he is against ,mr4 ,fillmore1 under all circumstances1 no matter who may oppose him6 ,and why8 ,because ,mr4 ,fillmore did not suffer him to put his numerous active friends into fat offices under the ,general ,government2 to many of whom he had made pledges while he was struggling for a seat in the ,united ,states ,senate--where he ought never to have gone1 and where the better portion of those who aided in his election now regret having sent him6 ,but it is true1 ,fillmore and his ,cabinet did refuse the extravagant demands made for office by the ,governor2 and in no single instance did they appoint men to office from ,tennessee without consultation with ,,bell1 ,,gentry1 and ,,williams2 all three of whom were offensive to ,jones4 ,they had proven themselves to be worthy of consultation2 the ,governor had not6 ,this accounts1 moreover1 for the efforts of ,jones at ,baltimore to defeat the nomination of ,fillmore1 and to procure the nomination of ,scott--efforts which1 unfortunately for the country1 were but too successful6 ,when the ,american party was organized in ,tennessee1 ,,jones had no objection to the creed1 and would have fallen into the ranks1 but then he beheld ,gentry and ,brownlow in the party--men whom he despised above all others4 ,he tried to prevent the nomination of ,gentry for ,governor by letter-writing1 and by seeking to get up a ,whig ,convention4 ,failing in these schemes1 he threw himself into the arena1 and secretly damaged ,gentry all he could1 and played into the hands of ,johnson1 who was only elected by a majority of some two thousand votes6 ,we are not informed as to the course ,gov4 ,jones will pursue in this contest1 further than this1 he will go against ,fillmore4 ,we predict that he will support ,buchanan4 ,pride of character may keep him from it--if he have any of that commodity left1 after his five years' residence at ,washington6 ,the platform upon which ,buchanan has been placed by the ,cincinnati ,convention1 is a reiteration of violent and undying hostility to every measure of public policy that was advocated by ,,henry ,,clay and the ,old ,whig party4 ,jones still professes an equally undying devotion to ,clay and his principles4 ,moreover1 ,jones has1 on every stump in ,tennessee1 held up ,buchanan as a rank old ,federalist1 a ,pennsylvania ,abolitionist1 and as the wicked traducer1 violent calumniator1 and malignant persecutor of ,henry ,clay--even attributing his promotion to the ,secretaryship of ,state1 by ,mr4 ,polk1 to his infamous agency in fastening upon ,mr4 ,clay the foul charge of bargain1 intrigue1 and corruption4 ,we confess that we are at a loss to see how ,jones can fall into the support of ,buchanan4 ,the nomination of the man is a direct insult to ,old ,clay ,whigs6 ,,albert ,g4 ,,watkins1 the ,representative in ,congress from the ,first ,congressional ,district of ,tennessee1 has gone over to ,democracy1 placing his change upon the ground of his great concern for the ,south6 ,we take it that he will support ,buchanan without hesitancy4 ,this would place ,watkins before the country in his true colors1 and reflect the likeness of the man with daguerreotype accuracy66 ,with such a platform1 and such a candidate on it1 ,watkins would have the appearance of a man walking in one direction1 with his head turned completely around1 and his face looking the other way6 ,the incongruity of the platform1 and the peculiar reputation of ,buchanan for political inconsistency1 are alike adapted to the history and incidents of ,watkins's late canvass for ,congress6 ,the plain truth is1 that the man so completely destroyed himself1 and was so ruinously exposed by his competitor1 ,,col4 ,,taylor1 whom he beat only some two hundred votes1 7and that by means that make his seat in ,congress one of thorns17 that he could but go over to ,locofocoism4 ,and although he has1 in former days1 held up ,buchanan on the stump as an old ,federalist1 and as the reviler and persecutor of ,henry ,clay1 he can advocate him now with a better grace than he can look his ,know ,nothing constituents in the face6 ,we cannot say of this man as ,pope said of ,craggs3 ,broke no promise1 served no private end1 ,gained no title1 and who lost no friend4 ,,william ,g4 ,,swan1 of ,knoxville1 is next on the list of ,old ,line ,whigs who have gone over to the ,foreign ,catholic ,democratic party1 and of whose conversion the ,democrats at a distance boast4 ,here they do not brag2 but on the other hand1 some of the leaders1 whose names we can supply1 authorize us to state that they do not want him1 and will not receive him4 ,this man was twice beaten for the ,legislature in this county--never elected by the people to any position outside of ,knoxville--and became soured at the ,whig party4 ,he went for ,johnson and ,sag ,nichtism last summer1 and his loss is not regretted by the ,american party in this county4 ,but ,,john ,h4 ,,crozier1 of ,knoxville1 has gone over to ,old ,buck and his admirers2 and this is claimed as a change6 ,this little man1 supremely selfish1 was turned out of ,congress five years ago1 by ,,josiah ,m4 ,,anderson1 with the people at his back1 for taking too much mileage1 by several hundred dollars per session1 for four years6 ,he afterwards desired the ,whig party to run him for ,governor2 but they were not willing to undertake the load4 ,he became soured1 and last summer paid a visit to some of the counties below1 to avoid1 as was believed1 voting for ,gentry for ,governor1 and ,sneed for ,congress4 ,he was formerly very bitter in his opposition to ,democracy2 and on many a stump has he denounced ,buchanan1 and all others concerned in the bargain and intrigue slander of ,clay1 besides holding up ,buck as a ,blue-light ,federalist6 ,at a recent ,buchanan ,ratification meeting in ,knoxville1 he made a bitter speech against the ,american party6 ,these two men1 ,swan and ,crozier1 were active in getting up an organization against us1 in #ahdi1 by heading a company which purchased the ,register ,establishment1 of this city1 at the head of which they placed one john miller m'kee1 behind whom they and others concealed themselves and wrote violent and abusive articles1 through a controversy of two years4 ,driving the whole of them to the wall1 as we did1 in the controversy1 they determined to mob and tear down our office2 and with a view to this1 those concerned deposited their guns1 and other implements of husbandry1 in the law office jointly occupied by these two men1 who have operated as twin brothers for several years--each sympathizing with the other in his political defeats6 ,those concerned were deterred from this contemplated and well-arranged assault upon our office1 by ,,col4 ,,luttrell1 the ,comptroller of the ,state1 and other gentlemen of nerve1 arming themselves with shot-guns1 pistols1 and hatchets1 and taking their stand at our office6 ,nothing daunted by this defeat1 these gallant lawyers1 and generous--not to say brave--opponents betook themselves to the county of ,anderson1 in this ,judicial ,circuit1 and with great difficulty got up an indictment against us1 under an old statute1 forgotten by gentlemen of the bar1 for advertising a ,baltimore lottery scheme2 when they themselves1 and their relatives1 were dealing in the ,art ,union lottery in this city6 ,they were most signally defeated in that indictment2 and1 together with the two ,williamses1 brothers-in-law of ,crozier1 sought to drive the business men of the place1 and others1 from advertising in our paper1 or subscribing for it4 ,failing in this1 they sought to prevent us from getting the ,government advertising under ,fillmore's administration2 and in this they failed1 though this is the ground of their hostility to ,fillmore and his ,cabinet1 as well as to ,john ,bell1 ,m4 ,p4 ,gentry1 and ,c4 ,h4 ,williams4 ,the ,register fell through--was sold under the hammer for twenty-two hundred dollars--,mc,kee ran away--and the company have had about ,,five ,,thousand ,,dollars to pay for him1 which hurts prodigiously6 ,our ,,whig has steadily increased in favor with the people1 and its circulation is now ,,the ,,rise ,,of ,,five ,,thousand--being the largest circulation that any political or other journal ever attained in ,east ,tennessee6 ,indeed1 no political weekly in ,tennessee now has1 or ever did have1 a circulation equal to ,,brownlow',s ,,knoxville ,,whig4 ,a young man calling himself ,luther ,patterson1 has been conducting a foreign ,sag ,nicht sheet at ,kingston1 called the ,gazetteer1 and which has gone by the board for the want of patronage4 ,this little eight by ten sheet has been editorially1 and by means of anonymous communications1 assaulting the writer of this work1 and the editor of the ,register1 ,,mr4 ,,fleming4 ,patterson paid a recent visit to this place2 at which time ,fleming met with him on the street1 and publicly chastised him1 applying the toe of a stiff boot to the west end of his person1 with some force4 ,patterson turned about and boasted in his paper that he had the best of the fight4 ,our paper and ,fleming's corrected this false version of the affair1 and gave the facts2 whereupon ,patterson sued out a writ in the ,circuit ,court for ,fleming1 for damages done to his person in said rencontre1 laying his damages at #e1jjj6 ,shortly after this he instituted a civil action against the publishers of the paper we edit1 and another against us for the article we wrote against him2 and these suits are now pending4 ,these two gallant attorneys1 as we are informed1 are employed as counsel by ,patterson--a young man who has no visible means of paying lawyers1 but the eagerness of these gentlemen to get after us would lead them to work for nothing and find themselves4 ,in addition to their several civil suits against several of us1 they have sent their man before the ,grand ,jury of ,knox county1 and made a presentment against us for having out-wrote their ,sag ,nicht editor6 ,the object of these suits against the editors and publishers of the ,american papers here1 is to gag them1 or to check their influence in this contest4 ,but they have mistaken their men4 ,like other vipers1 they will find1 before these matters end1 that they bite a file--a file of good ,american steel1 and tempered to that degree of hardness that all their malignity1 intense and active as it is known to be1 will not be able to prevail against it6 ,when we came to this city of ,knoxville1 in #ahdi1 we sold our office at ,jonesborough1 at private sale1 to pay a security debt1 and purchased a new press and materials on a credit4 ,these we sent on to the care of ,,williams ,,co41 the brothers-in-law of ,crozier1 who kept about the only commission and forwarding house in ,knoxville4 ,we were detained at ,jonesborough four weeks by close confinement to our bed2 and our materials arriving here1 these ,old ,line ,whigs1 who had always professed friendship toward us1 refused to give them house-room2 and had not ,,james ,w4 ,,nelson and others stepped forward and paid the charges1 and procured a house for them1 the steamboat captain would have sold them out for the carriage6 ,these magnanimous gentlemen1 members of the learned profession of the law1 next contrived1 through certain influences they brought to bear1 to turn us out of the only office we could rent in the city1 and thus they drove us without the limits of the ,corporation1 and compelled us to erect a temporary office upon our own lot1 which we had bought on a credit4 ,they were now at the end of their row4 ,one was a candidate for ,congress1 the other for a seat in the ,legislature4 ,we pitched into both1 and they were both defeated2 but we do not claim that it was through our influence4 ,like ,cardinal ,wolsey1 however1 they both had to bid farewell1 a long farewell1 to all their greatness4 ,from the pinnacle of ,congressional and ,legislative honors1 they have been precipitated to the shades of private life1 and to political obscurity4 ,their chief ambition now is1 to play fantastic tricks in courts of justice1 and before grand jurors1 in the way of annoying those they have neither the manliness nor courage to call to an account upon their own hooks6 ,the established usage of gentlemen1 when offended by a newspaper editor1 is to exact personal satisfaction4 ,to acknowledge that you are personally aggrieved1 and then to retort in tricks behind the offender's back1 or words behind your privileges at the ,bar1 is to acknowledge that one is either a fool or a coward--perhaps both4 ,a chief object in this crusade against us is to gag us during this campaign1 and kill us off from the stump and the press2 but they have certainly studied our character to but little purpose4 ,and whatever line of policy their prompters and associates of the ,locofoco school may urge upon them1 let them be assured that they cannot muzzle criticism of their personal or political delinquencies4 ,it is a sacred duty to unmask the renegade1 to expose the traitor1 and to hold up the demagogue to public reprobation4 ,that duty will be performed freely and fearlessly1 by the author of this work1 come weal or come woe4 ,if these two ,knights of the ,rueful ,countenance kill and eat a dozen ,know ,nothings1 we know one member of the ,order they will not affright into silence4 ,for their cowardly assaults and their officious intermeddlings they may bare their backs to the lash4 ,we will be with them to the bitter end1 and will only forsake them in the ,gethsemane of their retreat6 ,had we come here with press and type1 in #ahdi1 and agreed to be controlled by these men and their particular friends1 we could have been the man for the times4 ,had we stooped to flirt and coquette and fawn and dance around these men1 we could have had their endorsement1 their influence1 and their money1 to any reasonable extent4 ,but we neither sought their friendship1 nor coveted their adulations4 ,we claim to have been made of such inflexible materials1 as not readily to go through the transmutations necessary to secure the kind regards of these men4 ,we are no office-seeker1 and desire no reward beyond the consciousness of having performed our duty1 and of having served our country to the best of our ability4 ,we take this occasion to repeat what we have heretofore said in our journal1 that nearly every prominent man in the country1 calling himself an ,old ,line ,whig1 and now opposed to ,fillmore and ,donelson1 is influenced by personal grievances1 or a desire to get office--matters with which the people have not the slightest concern4 ,their opposition to the ,american ticket proceeds from personal hostility1 either to the candidates1 some of the electoral candidates1 or certain prominent advocates of the ticket1 and from no less unworthy motives4 ,of course there are exceptions to this rule4 ,the idea of an ,old ,clay ,whig supporting the ,buchanan ticket is both absurd and ridiculous4 ,to say nothing of the foul and malignant charge of bargain1 intrigue1 and corruption1 ,buchanan labored to fasten upon ,clay1 the ,platform upon which the ,cincinnati ,convention has placed ,buchanan repudiates every principle ,clay contended for1 and held as sacred to the day of his death4 ,on the contrary1 the ,american party has not ignored one political tenet held by the ,whig party1 but has added new ones2 none of which are at war with the creed of ,clay1 or the ,constitution of our country6 ,to make short work of a long story1 no man who ever was a true ,whig1 and acted with that party from principle1 can consistently go over to the bogus ,democracy of this day1 and vote for ,buchanan and ,breckenridge6 ,talk about a ,clay ,whig turning ,sag ,nicht6 ,what an idea6 ,what principle does this ,foreign ,democratic party hold1 that an ,old ,line ,whig1 or a conservative man1 ,north or ,south1 does not disapprove8 ,what principles have they ever held1 the evil effects of which are not now standing out in bold relief as a monument of their shame1 and to which they have added the unpardonable sin of making war upon ,,native ,,american ,,protestants8 ,in conclusion1 the reader will please allow a few remarks ,,personal to the writer1 and he is done--leaving the public to make their own comments1 and their own disposition of both this book and its author4 ,our life has been a public life--our cause a public cause4 ,we have our faults1 as most men have2 and we have committed some errors1 as most men have4 ,our few acts of goodness and virtue1 if any1 we leave others to hunt up2 our faults are subjects of criticism1 and are viewed with a jaundiced eye by our opponents4 ,through a course of eighteen years of editorial invective1 7whether right or wrong17 we claim to have been actuated by none other than the best of motives4 ,we have never been prompted by ambition1 malice1 or a desire to make money4 ,our voice1 which has echoed over many hills and through many valleys1 has never been heard in extenuation of guilt2 has never been heard to plead the cause of the gambler1 the swearer1 the drunkard1 the robber1 or the assassin4 ,wherever vice has lifted its seven heads and ten horns--wherever fraud has showed its thieving hand--wherever gambling has displayed its rotten heart--wherever demagogues have sought to impose on the honest people--there have we tried to be conspicuous2 not as their aider and abettor1 but as their scourge1 their accuser1 and their unrelenting foe4 ,and among this class of men are our most bitter foes4 ,what friends we have are to be found at the fireside of virtue--among sober1 sedate1 and thinking men1 and among the brave and honorable4 ,we have never been the slave or sycophant of any man or party1 as our immense band of subscribers1 numbering thousands1 will bear us witness4 ,and now1 ,,americans1 while we look forward to the future with pleasing anticipations--while we rejoice in prospect of the final triumph of wisdom1 of reason1 and of virtue1 over audacious ignorance1 palpable corruption1 canting hypocrisy1 and caballing ,democracy--,god forbid that we should indulge the vain idea that we have nothing to do6 ,let every friend of ,american rights and ,protestant liberties take a bold1 a decided stand1 vowing most solemnly that he will have no fellowship at the ballot-box with the friends of that unpitying monster1 a ,,democratic ,,papal ,,hierarchy6 ,be active1 be vigilant1 and persevering1 and the day is ultimately ours6 ,strike till the last armed foe expires2 ,strike for your altars and your fires2 ,strike for the green graves of your sires1 ,god1 and your native land6 ,,to ,,stephen ,,tribble--,,letter ,no4 #b4 ,,sir3--,on the night of the #ith of ,june1 #ahef1 you held forth in the ,court-,house in ,charleston1 ,mo41 taking myself1 ,rev4 ,josiah ,mc,crary1 the ,methodist stationed preacher of that town1 and ,methodists generally1 for your text4 ,it would seem that the touch ,i gave you1 and a letter of mine read before a large congregation in ,charleston1 on ,sabbath evening1 ,june #hth1 have fully developed all the latent blackguardism of your early training and corrupt nature6 ,i will now place the record of your infamy before the world in such a permanent form1 and circulate it so extensively1 that your low ,billingsgate and vile blackguardism can never harm any man or sect4 ,i will make such a showing of you that no persons of refined feelings or of any pride of character will hear you preach or entertain you in future6 ,i will remind many readers of the showing up of your infamous character and conduct1 by the editor of the ,louisville ,journal1 ten or twelve years ago1 and of the exposure of your villainous conduct by the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,mc,nutt1 of ,kentucky1 through the ,nashville ,advocate1 some eight or nine years ago4 ,i will only add the following article from my paper of the #bast ,june1 #ahef1 as it completes your record1 so far as ,tennessee is concerned4 ,i will only add1 that you were driven out of ,mc,minn ,county in ,east ,tennessee1 where you were preaching1 lying1 and drinking whiskey1 years ago4 ,there and then1 too1 the records of the ,sullivan ,county affair1 certified to by the ,clerk1 were produced against you6 ,but to the article from my late paper3 ,,stephen ,,tribble ,,again4 ,this old hypocrite and scoundrel has been denying in the pulpit that he was ever convicted of manslaughter or branded6 ,it turns out1 also1 that the old villain once joined the ,american party in ,west ,tennessee6 ,and last1 but not least1 it seems that he was turned out of both the ,methodist and ,presbyterian ,churches before he became a ,campbellite preacher4 ,a pretty disciple to be abusing honest men6 ,but to the law and to the testimony3 ,,roane ,,county1 ,june #c;d1 #ahef4 ,,sir3--,in your issue of the #adth of ,may1 you notice ,stephen ,tribble1 and ask for information concerning him4 ,he came to the lower end of ,roane county from one of the upper counties of ,east ,tennessee1 and passed himself for an ,arian preacher4 ,i objected to his preaching in a meeting-house1 and came near getting myself into a scrape4 ,about that time a gentleman came from our upper country1 and said he had seen his father apply the branding-iron to ,tribble1 and the smoke rose ten feet high6 ,i then began to play on a harp of one string against him1 and that was a tribble1 whereupon he left between two days for ,kentucky6 ,he was once expelled from the ,methodist ,church1 and afterwards he was expelled from the ,presbyterian ,church4 ,if ,tribble disputes what ,i say1 all ,i ask is a chance to prove it4 ,i live ten miles south of ,kingston1 near ,barnardsville4 ,yours truly1 ,,john ,,blair4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,paris1 ,,tenn41 ,june #fth1 #ahef4 ,,dear ,,sir3--,i see in a late issue of yours that you are after a ,reverend wolf1 ,stephen ,tribble4 ,i am personally acquainted with him1 as ,i lived in ,sullivan county when he was in the ,blountville jail4 ,i have heard him preach here1 and deny from the stand ever having been in jail1 when he and ,i had talked the whole matter over the day before4 ,he is now about forty-eight years of age--has a scar on his cheek4 ,he preached here monthly in #ahdf1 and here it was that he joined the ,american party4 ,he now resides either in ,graves or ,fulton county1 ,kentucky4 ,one of his brothers told me last week that he now preaches at one point in ,kentucky1 and the rest of his time in ,missouri4 ,one of their preachers told me that he gets drunk and cuts up largely4 ,yours1 with respect1 ,a4 ,j4 ,,hicks4 ,to the foregoing letters we add a certified copy of the records of the ,circuit ,court of ,sullivan county1 and after this we shall leave this old clerical debauchee to preach for such ,sag ,nichts as may feel edified by his ministry3 ,,monday1 ,sept4 #bd1 #ahbg4 ,state of ,tennessee1 ,first ,circuit1 ,sullivan ,county ,court3 met according to adjournment4 ,present1 ,honorable ,samuel ,powell1 ,judge1 c4 ,,friday1 ,sept4 #bh1 #ahbg4 ,,state vs4 ,,stephen ,,tribble ,,and ,,john ,,tribble4 ,in this cause1 the jury having retired yesterday to consider of their verdict1 under the care of an officer1 and the same jury1 to wit3 ,james ,steele1 ,wm4 ,morgan1 ,joshua ,miller1 ,john ,thomas1 ,wm4 ,hashman1 ,john ,wassum1 ,thomas ,brown1 ,stephen ,b4 ,cawood1 ,john ,k4 ,arnold1 ,thomas ,fain1 ,william ,hughes1 and ,william ,h4 ,biggs1 returning to the bar1 do say1 they find the defendants not guilty of the murder1 but they find them guilty of manslaughter as charged in the bill of indictment4 ,whereupon the defendants moved the ,court for a rule to show cause why a new trial should be had1 which rule is granted1 and on argument said rule is discharged4 ,it is therefore considered by the ,court that for such offence the said defendants be imprisoned for the term of four calendar months3 that they be branded with the letter ,m in the brawn of the thumbs of their left hands on to-morrow morning1 and that they pay the costs of this suit or remain in custody until the same is paid4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,state ,,of ,,tennessee1 ,,sullivan ,,county4 ,i1 ,jno4 ,w4 ,cox1 ,clerk of the ,circuit ,court of ,sullivan ,county1 do hereby certify that the foregoing is a full1 true1 and perfect copy of the final judgment in the case of ,state vs4 ,stephen ,tribble and ,john ,tribble1 as appears of record in my office4 ,given under my hand at this office1 the #ajth of ,june1 #ahef4 ,jno4 ,w4 ,cox1 ,clerk1 ,by ,a4 ,j4 ,cox1 ,dep4 ,clerk4 ,in conclusion1 ,stephen1 ,i take my leave of you now1 having introduced you to the #e1jjj subscribers to the ,whig1 the #g1ejj subscribers to our campaign paper1 and the tens of thousands of readers of this book--a work which will exist and be referred to when ,i am in my grave1 and you are in the hot embraces of the ,devil6 ,you will at least agree with me that that was an evil hour for you when you travelled out of your way to assail me before a strange audience in ,missouri4 ,i am1 c41 ,w4 ,g4 ,,brownlow4 ,knoxville1 ,june #bc;d1 #ahef4 ,a ,,sermon ,,on ,,slavery4 ,delivered by the undersigned in ,temperance ,hall in ,knoxville1 on ,sabbath1 #hth of ,june1 #ahef1 to a large and attentive audience1 composed of citizens and strangers--some from the ,north and some from the ,south--occupying one hour and a quarter in the delivery4 ,it is published as it was delivered1 without an omission or an alteration4 ,respectfully1 c41 ,w4 ,g4 ,,brownlow4 ,,text4--,let as many servants as are under the yoke count their own masters worthy of all honor1 that the name of ,god and his doctrine be not blasphemed4--#a ,tim4 vi4 #a4 ,whoever reflects upon the nature of man1 will find him to be almost entirely the creature of circumstances3 his habits and sentiments are1 in a great measure1 the growth of adventitious circumstances and causes2 hence the endless variety and condition of our species4 ,that race of men in our country known as ,abolitionists1 ,free-soilers1 or ,black ,republicans1 look upon any deviation from the constant round in which they have been spinning out the thread of their existence as a departure from nature's great system2 and1 from a known principle of our nature1 the first impulse of these fanatics is to condemn4 ,it is thus that the man born and matured in a free ,state looks upon slavery as unnatural and horrible1 and in violation of every law of justice or humanity6 ,and it is not uncommon to hear bigots of this character1 in their churches at the ,north1 imploring the ,divine wrath to shower down the consuming fires of heaven on that great ,sodom and ,gomorrah of the ,new ,world1 all that section of country south of ,mason and ,dixon's line1 where this unjust practice prevails4 ,when an unprejudiced and candid mind examines into the past condition of our race1 and learns the fact which history develops1 as the inquirer will1 that a majority of mankind were slaves1 he will be driven to the melancholy reflection1 that the world1 when first peopled by ,god himself1 was not a world of freemen1 but of slaves6 ,slavery was really established and sanctioned by ,divine authority among even ,god's chosen people1 the favored children of ,israel4 ,abraham1 the founder of this interesting nation1 and the chosen servant of the ,most ,high1 was the owner of more slaves than any cotton-planter in ,south ,carolina or ,mississippi4 ,that magnificent shrine1 the gorgeous temple of ,solomon1 commenced and completed under the pious promptings of religion and ancient ,free-,masonry1 was reared alone by the hands of slaves6 ,egypt's venerable and enduring pyramids were reared by the hands of slaves6 ,involuntary servitude1 reduced to a science1 existed in ancient ,assyria and ,babylon4 ,the ten tribes of ,israel were carried off to ,assyria by ,shalmanezer1 and the two strong tribes of ,judah were subsequently carried in triumph by ,nebuchadnezzar to end their days in ,babylon as slaves1 and to labor to adorn the city4 ,ancient ,phoenicia and ,carthage were literally overrun with slavery1 because the slave population outnumbered the free and the owners of slaves6 ,the ,greeks and ,trojans1 at the siege of ,troy1 were attended with large numbers of their slaves4 ,athens1 and ,sparta1 and ,thebes--indeed1 the whole ,grecian and ,roman worlds--had more slaves than freemen4 ,and in those ages which succeeded the extinction of the ,roman empire in the ,west1 slaves were the most numerous class4 ,even in the days of civilization and ,christian light which revolutionized governments1 laboring serfs and abject slaves were distributed throughout ,eastern ,europe1 and a portion of ,western ,asia--conclusively showing that slavery existed over these boundless regions4 ,in ,china1 the worst forms of slavery have existed since its earliest history4 ,and when we turn to ,africa1 we find slavery1 in all its most horrid forms1 existing throughout its whole extent1 the slaves outnumbering the freemen at least three to one4 ,looking1 then1 to the whole world1 we may with confidence assert1 that slavery in its worst forms subdues by far the largest portion of the human race6 ,now1 the inquiry is1 how has slavery risen and thus spread over our whole earth8 ,we answer1 by the laws of war1 the state of property1 the feebleness of governments1 the thirst for bargain and sale1 the increase of crime1 and last1 but not least1 by and with the consent and approbation of ,deity6 ,these remarks may suffice by way of an introduction1 and they will serve to indicate the course we intend to pursue1 if the announcement of the text has not already done that4 ,let as many servants as are under the yoke count their own masters worthy of all honor1 c4 ,the word here rendered servants means ,,slaves1 converted to the ,christian faith2 and the word rendered yoke signifies the state of slavery in which ,christ and the apostles found the world involved when the ,christian ,church was first organized4 ,by the word rendered masters we are to understand the heathen masters of those ,christianized slaves4 ,even these1 in such circumstances1 and under such domination1 are commanded to treat their masters with all honor and respect1 that the name of ,god1 by which they were called1 and the doctrine of ,god1 to wit1 ,christianity1 which they had professed1 might not be blasphemed1 might not be evil spoken of in consequence of their improper conduct4 ,civil rights are never abolished by any communication from ,god's ,spirit2 and those fiery bigots at the ,north who propose to abolish the institution of slavery in this country are not following the dictates of ,god's ,spirit or law4 ,the civil state in which a man was before his conversion1 is not altered by that conversion2 nor does the grace of ,god absolve him from any claims which the ,state1 his neighbor1 or lawful owner may have had on him4 ,all these outward things continue unaltered3 hence1 if a man be under the sentence of death for murder1 and ,god see fit to convert him1 he is not released from suffering the extreme penalty of the law6 ,the ,church of ,christ1 when originally constituted1 claimed no right1 as an ecclesiastical organization1 to interfere in any way with the civil government4 ,this was the principle upon which the ,church was founded1 as announced by its immortal ,head4 ,when ,christ was doomed by a cruel ,roman law to its most ignominious condemnation1 he did not so much as resist it1 because it was law1 nor did he complain of it as oppressive4 ,then ,pilate entered into the judgment-hall again1 and called ,jesus1 and said unto him1 ,art thou the ,king of the ,jews8444 ,jesus answered1 ,my kingdom is not of this world3 if my kingdom were of this world1 then would my servants fight1 that ,i should not be delivered to the ,jews2 but now is my kingdom not from hence4444 ,to this end was ,i born1 and for this cause came ,i into the world1 that ,i should bear witness unto the truth4--,john xviii4 #cc-cg4 ,when ,christ came into the world on the business of his mission1 he found the ,jewish people subject to the dominion of the ,roman kingdom2 and in no instance did he counsel the ,jews to rebellion1 or incite them to throw off the ,roman yoke1 as do the vagabond philanthropists of the ,north in reference to the existing laws of the ,united ,states upon the subject of slavery4 ,christ was1 by lineal descent1 ,,the ,,king ,,of ,,the ,,jews1 but he did not assert his temporal power1 but actually refused to be crowned in that right4 ,under the ,roman law1 human liberty was held by no more certain tenure than the whim of the sovereign power1 protected by no definite constitution4 ,slavery constituted the most powerful and essential element of the government1 and that slavery was of the most cruel character1 and gave to the master absolute discretion over the lives of the slaves4 ,notwithstanding all this1 ,christ did not make war upon the existing government1 nor denounce the rulers for conferring such powers1 although he looked upon cruel legislation in the light in which the character of his mission required4 ,and although the ,church itself was not what it should have been1 in no instance did ,christ ever denounce that4 ,the only denunciations the ,saviour ever uttered1 were those against the doctors and lawyers1 ministers and expounders of the ,jewish code of ecclesiastical law4 ,but allow us to present the case of the ,apostle ,paul1 as proof more palpable and overwhelming1 on this very point4 ,he had been falsely accused1 cruelly imprisoned1 and tyrannically arraigned2 and that1 too1 before a licentious governor1 an unjust and dissipated ruler1 and an unprincipled infidel4 ,the ,roman law in force at the time arrested the freedom of speech1 denied the rights of conscience1 and even forbade the free expression of opinion in all matters conflicting with the provisions of the laws of the ,roman government4 ,in his defence before ,felix1 ,paul never so much as speaks of ,roman law1 though well acquainted with it1 but he reasoned of righteousness1 and temperance1 and the judgment to come4 ,here was a suitable occasion to condemn the regulations and to question the authority of the villainous statutes of ,rome2 but instead of this1 ,paul plead his rights under the unjust regulations of the law4 ,he charged ,felix with official delinquency1 with personal crime1 and1 as a man1 he held him up to public scorn1 and threatened him with the vengeance of ,god6 ,he appealed to the law1 and justified himself by the law4 ,he claimed the rights of a ,roman citizen--demanded the protection due to a ,roman citizen--and he scorned to find fault with the law1 cruel and unjust as he knew it to be4 ,and the consequence was1 that the licentious infidel who ruled1 trembled4 ,the views we have here presented are not at all new1 but have been uniformly acted upon by evangelical ,christians1 in all ages of the world4 ,since the days of ,st4 ,paul and ,simon ,peter1 no reformer has appeared who was more violent than that good and great man1 ,,martin ,,luther4 ,,john ,,calvin possessed a revolutionary spirit--he fought every thing he believed to be wrong--he was unyielding in his disposition1 and unmitigated in his severity4 ,yet neither of these great men ever made war upon the existing laws of their respective countries4 ,,john ,,wesley was the great reformer of the past century--he reformed the whole ecclesiastical machinery of the modern ,church of ,christ2 and his doctrines1 and manner of conducting revivals1 are leading elements of ,american ,christianity4 ,but ,mr4 ,wesley never made war upon the ,english government1 under which he lived and died4 ,on the other hand1 it is a matter of serious complaint among sectarians not friendly to the spread of ,methodism1 that ,wesley wrote elaborately against the war of the ,revolution4 ,he was devoted to law and order1 and he deemed it a religious duty to oppose all resistance to existing laws4 ,in his troubles at ,savannah1 ,georgia1 like ,paul before the licentious governor1 he appealed to the law1 and sought by every means in his power to be tried under the law1 asking only the privilege of being heard in his own defence6 ,and it was1 in all the instances we have mentioned1 that the name of ,god and his doctrine be not blasphemed1 to quote the expressive language of the text1 that existing laws have been adhered to by the propagators of gospel truth4 ,the essential principles of the great moral law delivered to ,moses by ,god himself1 are set forth in what is called the tenth commandment1 in the #bjth chapter of ,exodus3 ,thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house1 thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife1 nor his man-servant1 nor his maid servant1 nor his ox1 nor his ass1 nor any thing that is thy neighbor's4 ,now1 the only true interpretation of this portion of the ,word of ,god is1 that the species of property mentioned are lawful1 and that all men are forbid to disturb others in the lawful enjoyment of their property4 ,man-servants and maid-servants are distinctly consecrated as property1 and guaranteed to man for his exclusive benefit--proof irresistible that slavery was thus ordained by ,god himself4 ,we have seen learned dissertations from the pens of ,abolitionists1 saying1 that the term servant1 and not slave1 is used here4 ,to this we reply1 that both the ,hebrew and ,greek words translated servant1 mean also slave1 and are more frequently used in this sense than in the former4 ,besides1 the ,hebrew ,scriptures teach us1 that ,god especially authorized his peculiar people to purchase ,,bondmen ,,for ,,ever2 and if to be in bondage for ever does not constitute slavery1 we yield the point4 ,the visionary notions of piety and philanthropy entertained by many men at the ,north1 lead them to resist the ,fugitive ,slave ,law of this government1 and even to violate the tenth commandment1 by stealing our men-servants and maid-servants1 and running them into what they call free territory4 ,nay1 the villainous piety of some leads them to contribute ,sharpe's ,rifles and ,holy ,bibles1 to send the uncircumcised ,philistines of ,new ,england into ,kansas and ,nebraska1 to shoot down the ,christian owners of slaves1 and then to perform religious ceremonies over their dead bodies6 ,clergymen lay aside their ,bibles at the ,north1 and females1 as in the case of that model beauty1 ,harriet ,beecher ,stowe1 unsex themselves to carry on this horrid and slanderous warfare against slaveholders of the ,south6 ,and ,english travellers1 steeped to the nose and chin in prejudices against this government and our institutions1 have written books upon the subject4 ,the ,halls1 ,hamiltons1 ,trollopes1 and ,miss ,martineaus1 et ed omne genus1 all have misrepresented us6 ,these ,english writers all denounce slavery1 and eulogize ,democracy2 as if an ,englishman could be a ,democrat1 in the modern1 vulgar sense of the term1 and be a consistent man6 ,but we do not propose1 in this brief discourse1 to enter into any defence of the ,african slave trade4 ,although the evils of it are greatly exaggerated1 its evils and cruelties1 its barbarities1 are not justified by the most ultra slaveholders of this age4 ,the vile traffic was abolished by the ,united ,states1 even before the ,british ,parliament prohibited it4 ,all the powers in the world have subsequently prohibited this trade--some of the more influential and powerful of them declaring it piracy1 and covering the ,african seas with armed vessels to prevent it6 ,this trade1 which seems so shocking to the feelings of mankind1 dates its origin as far back as the year #addb4 ,antony ,gonzales1 a ,portuguese mariner1 while exploring the coast of ,africa1 was the first to steal some ,moors1 and was subsequently forced by ,prince ,henry of ,portugal to carry them back to ,africa4 ,in the year #aejb1 the ,spaniards began to steal negroes1 and employ them in the mines of ,hispaniola1 ,cuba1 and ,jamaica4 ,in #aeag1 the ,emperor ,charles ,v4 granted a patent to certain privileged persons1 to steal exclusively a supply of #d1jjj negroes annually1 for these islands6 ,african slaves were first imported into ,america in #afbj1 a century after their introduction into the ,west ,indies4 ,the first cargo1 of twenty ,africans1 by a ,dutch vessel1 was brought up the ,james ,river1 into ,virginia1 and sold out as slaves4 ,england then being the most commercial of ,european nations1 engrossed the trade2 and from #afhj to #aghj1 there were imported into the ,british ,possessions alone1 ,,two ,,millions ,,of ,,slaves--making an average annual importation of more than #bj1jjj6 ,and the annual importation into ,america has transcended #ej1jjj6 ,the ,states of this ,union1 north of ,mason and ,dixon's ,line1 commonly called the ,new ,england ,states1 were never1 to any great extent1 slaveholding2 their virtuous and pious minds were chiefly exercised in slave-stealing and slave-selling6 ,to ,old ,england our ,new ,england ,states owe their knowledge of the art of slave-stealing2 and to ,new ,england these ,southern ,states are wholly indebted for their slaves4 ,they stole the ,african from his native land1 and sold him into bondage for the sake of gain4 ,they kept but few of their captives among themselves1 because it was not profitable to use negro labor in the cold and sterile regions of ,new ,england4 ,and when they enacted laws in the ,new ,england ,states abolishing slavery1 they brought their negroes into the ,south and sold them before their laws could go into operation6 ,this is the true history of slavery in ,new ,england4 ,they stole and sold property which it was not profitable to keep1 and for which they now refuse all warranty4 ,and what few ,american ships are in the trade now1 at the peril of piracy1 are ,new ,england ships4 ,the pious and religious portion of ,new ,england ,abolitionists1 we take it1 are the better portion1 and in these we have no sort of confidence4 ,take1 for example1 the case of that great man1 and powerful pulpit orator1 ,,stephen ,,olin1 who came into ,georgia1 and was introduced into the ministry by ,,bishop ,,andrew and his friends1 and by this means married a lady owning a number of slaves4 ,he sold them all for the money1 pocketed the money1 and returned to his congenial ,north2 and when ,,bishop ,,andrew was arraigned before the ,general ,conference of #ahdd1 because he had married a widow lady owning a few slaves1 this man ,,olin appeared on the floor1 and spoke and voted against the ,bishop6 ,dr4 ,olin had washed his hands of the sin of slavery--had his money out at interest--and he was ready to plead for the rights of the poor ,african6 ,may we not exclaim1 ,lord1 what is man8 ,we are acquainted with many of the leading ,abolitionists of the ,north connected with the ,methodist ,church2 and although we suppose they are about as good as the ,abolitionists of other denominations we have no confidence in them4 ,the most of them would enter their fine churches on the ,sabbath1 preach for hours against the sin of slavery1 shed their tears over the oppressions of the servile progeny of ,ham1 in these ,southern ,states2 and on the next day1 in a purely business transaction1 behind a counter1 or in the settlement of an account1 cheat a ,southern slave out of the pewter that ornaments the head of his cane6 ,there is much in the political papers of the country calculated1 if not intended1 to fan a flame of intense warfare upon the subject of slavery1 which can result in no possible good to any one4 ,those politicians who are exciting the whole country1 and fanning society into a livid consuming flame1 particularly at the ,north1 have no sympathies for the black man1 and care nothing for his comfort4 ,they only seek their own glory4 ,this political disquiet and commotion is giving birth to new and loftier schemes of agitation and disunion1 among the vile ,abolitionists of the country1 and to bold and hazardous enterprises in the ,states and ,territories4 ,and many of our ,southern altars smoke with the vile incense of ,abolitionism4 ,we have scores of ,abolitionists in the ,south1 in disguise--designing men--some filling our pulpits--some occupying high positions in our colleges--some editing political and religious papers--some selling goods--and some following one calling and some another1 who1 though among us1 are not of us1 ,southern men may rest assured6 ,we endorse1 without reserve1 that much-abused sentiment of a distinguished ,south ,carolina statesmen1 now no more1 that slavery is the corner-stone of our republican edifice2 while we repudiate1 as ridiculously absurd1 that much-lauded1 but nowhere-accredited dogma of ,,mr4 ,,jefferson1 that all men are born equal4 ,god never intended to make the butcher a judge1 nor the baker a president1 but to protect them according to their claims as butcher and baker4 ,pope has beautifully expressed this sentiment1 where he has said3 ,order is heaven's first law1 and this confessed1 ,some are1 and must be1 greater than the rest4 ,we have gone among the free negroes at the ,north--we have visited their miserable dwellings in ,philadelphia1 ,new ,york1 ,boston1 and other points2 and1 in every instance1 we have found them more miserable and destitute1 as a whole1 than the slave population of the ,south4 ,in our ,southern ,states1 where negroes have been set at liberty1 in nine cases out of ten their conditions have been made worse2 while the most wretched1 indolent1 immoral1 and dishonest class of persons to be found in the ,southern ,states1 are free persons of color4 ,the freedom of negroes in even the ,northern ,states1 is1 in all respects1 only an empty name4 ,the citizen negro does not vote1 and takes good care not to do so4 ,the law does not interdict him this privilege1 but if he attempt to avail himself of the privilege1 he is apprehensive of apostolic blows and kicks1 which the pious ,abolitionists will administer to him4 ,all the social advantages1 all the respectable employments1 all the honors1 and even the pleasures of life1 are denied the free negroes of the ,north1 by citizens full of sympathy for the down-trodden ,african6 ,the negro cannot get into an omnibus1 cannot enter a bar-room frequented by whites1 nor a church1 nor a theatre2 nor can he enter the cabin of a steamboat1 in one of the ,northern rivers or lakes1 or enter a first class passenger car on one of their railroads4 ,they are not suffered to enter a stage-coach with whites1 but are forced upon the deck1 whether it shall rain or shine--whether it be hot or cold4 ,industry is closed to them1 and they are forced to live as servants in hotels1 or adopt the professions of barber1 or boot-black1 or open oysters in saloons1 or sell villainous liquors to the lower classes of ,german and ,irish emigrants1 who throng our large cities and towns4 ,the negroes even have their own streets1 and their own low-down kennels2 they have their hospitals1 their churches1 their cars1 upon which are written in large letters1 ,,for ,,colored ,,people6 ,finally1 they are forced to have their own grave-yards--the yellow remains of ,northern ,abolitionists1 and pious white men1 refusing to mingle with the bleeching bones of the dead negro6 ,while1 in the ,south1 they crowd the galleries and back seats in our churches1 travel in our passenger cars1 and even loan their money to our white men at interest6 ,such is an outline of the contrast between free negroes at the ,north1 and slaves at the ,south4 ,let us turn again to the ,holy ,scriptures1 and see whether or not they sustain or condemn the institution of slavery4 ,the opposers of slavery profess to be governed alone by the teachings of the ,bible1 in their war upon this institution4 ,it is vain to look to ,christ or any of his apostles to justify the blasphemous perversions of the word of ,god1 continually paraded before the world by these graceless agitators4 ,although slavery in its most revolting forms was everywhere visible around them1 no visionary notions of piety or schemes of philanthropy ever tempted either ,christ or one of his apostles to gainsay the ,,law1 even to mitigate the cruel severity of the slavery system then existing4 ,on the contrary1 finding slavery established by law1 as well as an inevitable and necessary consequence1 growing out of the condition of human society1 their efforts were to sustain the institution4 ,hence1 ,st4 ,paul actually apprehended a fugitive slave1 and sent him back to his lawful owner and earthly master6 ,having already appealed to the authority of the ,old ,testament ,scriptures1 we turn to that of the ,new1 where we learn that slavery existed in the earliest days of the ,christian ,church1 and that both masters and slaves were members of the same ,christian congregations4 ,slavery was an institution of the ,state in the ,roman ,empire1 as it is in the ,southern ,states of this confederacy1 and the apostles did not feel at liberty to denounce it1 if1 indeed1 they felt the least opposition to it--a thing we deny4 ,but1 before we appeal to the irresistible authority of the ,new ,testament1 we will submit a few only of a great many passages from the ,old ,testament--not having quoted as extensively as may have been deemed necessary3 ,and he said1 ,i am ,abraham's servant4--,,gen4 xxiv4 #cd4 ,and there was of the house of ,saul a servant1 whose name was ,ziba2 and when they had called him unto ,david1 the king said unto him1 ,art thou ,ziba8 ,and he said1 ,thy servant is he4--#b ,,sam4 ix4 #b4 ,then the king called to ,ziba1 ,saul's servant1 and said unto him1 ,i have given unto thy master's son all that pertained to ,saul1 and to all his house4--,verse #ith4 ,thou1 therefore1 and thy sons1 and thy servants1 shall till the land for him1 and thou shalt bring in the fruits1 that thy master's son may have food to eat1 c4 ,now ,ziba had fifteen sons and ,,twenty ,,servants4--,verse #ajth4 ,i got me servants and maidens1 and had servants born in my house2 also1 ,i had great possessions of great and small cattle1 above all that were in ,jerusalem before me4--,,eccles4 ii4 #g4 ,and he said1 ,hagar1 ,sarai's maid1 whence camest thou8 ,and she said1 ,i flee from the face of my mistress ,sarai4--,,gen4 xvi4 #h4 ,and the ,angel of the ,lord said unto her1 ,return to thy mistress1 and submit thyself to her hands4--,verse #ith4 ,the only comments we have to offer upon these passages are1 first1 one individual acknowledges himself the owner of twenty slaves6 ,another was raising slaves1 and having them born in his house66 ,and last1 but not least1 the angel of ,god ordered the fugitive slave to return to her lawful owner66 ,high authority1 this1 for apprehending runaway slaves6 ,in reference to bad servants1 we read in ,prov4 xxix4 #ai3 ,a servant will not be corrected by words2 for though he understand1 he will not answer4 ,the ,scriptures look to the correction of servants1 and really enjoin it1 as they do in the case of children4 ,we esteem it the duty of ,christian masters to feed and clothe well1 and in cases of disobedience to whip well4 ,in the book of ,joel1 iii4 #h1 the slave trade is recognized as of ,divine authority3 ,and ,i will sell your sons and your daughters into the land of the children of ,judah1 and they shall sell them to the ,sabeans1 to a people far off2 ,,for ,,the ,,lord ,,hath ,,spoken ,,it6 ,let every man abide in the same calling wherein he was called4 ,art thou called1 being a servant8 ,care not for it2 but if thou mayest be made free1 use it rather4 ,for he that is called in the ,lord1 being a servant1 is the ,lord's freeman2 likewise also he that is called1 being free1 is ,christ's servant4--#a ,cor4 vii4 #bj-bb4 ,servants1 be obedient to them that are your masters according to the flesh1 with fear and trembling1 in singleness of your heart1 as unto ,christ4 ,not with eye-service1 as men-pleasers2 but as the servants of ,christ1 doing the will of ,god from the heart4 ,with good-will doing service1 as to the ,lord1 and not to men3 knowing that whatsoever good thing any man doeth1 the same shall he receive of the ,lord1 whether he be bond or free4 ,and1 ye masters1 do the same things unto them1 forbearing threatening3 knowing that your ,master also is in heaven3 neither is there respect of persons with him4--,eph4 vi4 #e-i4 ,servants1 obey in all things your masters according to the flesh3 not with eye-service1 as men-pleasers2 but in singleness of heart1 fearing ,god4 ,and whatsoever ye do1 do it heartily1 as to the ,lord1 and not unto men3 knowing that of the ,lord ye shall receive the reward of the inheritance2 for ye serve the ,lord ,christ4--,col4 iii4 #bb-be4 ,masters1 give unto your servants that which is just and equal3 knowing that ye also have a ,master in heaven4--,col4 iv4 #a4 ,let as many servants as are under the yoke count their own masters worthy of all honor1 that the name of ,god and his doctrine be not blasphemed4 ,and they that have believing masters1 let them not despise them1 because they are brethren2 but rather do them service1 because they are faithful and beloved1 partakers of the benefit4 ,these things teach and exhort4--#a ,tim4 vi4 #a1 #b4 ,exhort servants to be obedient unto their own masters1 and to please them well in all things2 not answering again2 not purloining1 but showing all good fidelity2 that they may adorn the doctrine of ,god our ,saviour in all things4--,titus ii4 #i1 #aj4 ,servants1 be subject to your masters with all fear2 not only to the good and gentle1 but also to the froward4 ,for this is thankworthy1 if a man for conscience toward ,god endure grief1 suffering wrongfully4--#a ,peter ii4 #ah1 #ai4 ,we have but a single word of comment to offer upon these passages of ,scripture4 ,the original words used by the ,greek writers1 both sacred and profane1 to express slave2 the most abject condition of slavery2 to express the absolute owner of a slave1 and the absolute control of a slave1 are the strongest that the language affords1 and are used in the passages here quoted4 ,if the apostles understood the common use of words1 and desired to convey these ideas1 and to recognize the relations of master and servant1 they would1 naturally enough1 employ the very words used4 ,to say that they did not know the primary meaning and usus loquendi of the original words1 is paying them a compliment we wish not to participate in6 ,and to show that we are not singular in our views of the meaning expressed in the passages quoted1 showing that they express in the one case slaves1 and in the other masters or owners1 actually holding them as property1 under the sanction of the laws of the ,state1 we quote from the following authorities3 ,that great commentator1 ,dr4 ,,adam ,,clarke1 on #a ,cor4 vii4 #ba1 says3 ,art thou converted to ,christ while thou art a slave--the property of another person1 and bought with his money8 ,care not for it4 ,the learned ,dr4 ,neander1 in his work entitled ,planting and ,training of the ,church1 in referring to ,onesimus1 mentioned in the epistle to ,philemon1 says of him3 ,it does not appear to be surprising that a runaway slave should betake himself at once to ,rome4 ,to the foregoing might be added other authorities of equal weight and importance4 ,it is a well-known historical fact1 that slaveholders were admitted into the ,,apostolic ,,churches2 nor would this assumed position of the advocates of slavery be at all denied by any intelligent and well-read men at the ,north1 but for the fact that they think such an admission would decide the question against abolitionists4 ,we have given much attention to this subject within ten years past1 and we feel no sort of delicacy in expressing our views and convictions1 as revolting as they may be to ,northern men and ,free-soilers1 even among us4 ,we believe that the primitive ,christians held slaves in bondage1 and that the apostles favored slavery1 by admitting slaveholders into the ,church1 and by promoting them to official stations in the ,church4 ,and why do we believe all this8 ,because we are sustained in these positions by uninterrupted historical testimony6 ,well1 for the information of abolitionists and other anti-slavery men dispersed throughout the ,south1 we assume that the fact of the apostles admitting into ,church fellowship slaveholders1 and promoting them to positions of honor and trust1 shows that the simple relation of master and slave was no bar to ,church-membership4 ,masters and slaves1 in the days of the apostles1 were admitted into the ,church as brethren3 they partook in common of the benefits of the ,church3 they held to the same religious principles3 they squared their lives by the same rule of conduct3 acknowledged the same obligations one to another2 and worshipped at the same altar4 ,this was true of the first and succeeding centuries1 when the relations of master and slave1 and the practice of the ,church in reference thereto1 were very much like they are in the ,southern ,states of our ,union at present4 ,but to the proof that slaveholders were admitted into the apostolic ,churches3 #a4 ,historians all agree that slavery existed1 and was general throughout the ,roman empire1 at the time the apostolic ,churches were instituted4 ,we have at our command the authorities to prove this1 but to quote from them would swell this discourse beyond what we have intended4 ,we will cite the authorities only2 and anti-slavery men who deny our position can examine our authorities4 ,see ,gibbon's ,decline and ,fall of the ,roman ,empire1 vol4 i4 ,see ,inquiry into ,roman ,slavery1 by ,wm4 ,blair1 ,edinburgh edition of #ahcc4 ,see vol4 iv4 of ,lardner's ,works1 page #bac4 ,see vol4 i4 of ,dr4 ,robertson's ,works1 ,london edition4 ,other authorities might be given1 but these are sufficient1 as they show that slavery was a civil institution of the ,state2 that the ,roman laws regarded slaves as property1 at the disposal of their masters2 that these slaves1 whether white or colored1 had no civil existence or rights1 and contended for none2 and that there were three slaves to one citizen--showing something of a similarity between the ,roman empire and our ,southern ,states6 ,gibbon says that slavery existed in every province and every family1 and that they were bought and sold according to their capacities for usefulness1 and the demand for laborers--selling at hundreds of dollars1 and from that down to the price of a beast of burden6 ,now1 it is notorious that the gospel made considerable progress among the citizens of the ,roman empire2 and1 as nearly every family owned slaves1 it is certain that slaveholders were converted and admitted into the ,church4 ,it will not do to say that the poor1 including the slaves1 were alone converted to ,god1 because the apostles make frequent allusions to the receiving into the ,church of intelligent1 learned1 and opulent persons4 ,the learned ,,dr4 ,,mosheim1 in his ,church ,history1 vol4 i41 relating to the first three centuries1 settles this question most effectually4 ,he says3 ,the apostles1 in their writings1 prescribe rules for the conduct of the rich as well as the poor1 for masters as well as servants--a convincing proof that among the members of the ,church planted by them were to be found persons of opulence and masters of families4 ,st4 ,paul and ,st4 ,peter admonished ,christian women not to study the adorning of themselves with pearls1 with gold and silver1 or costly array4 #a ,tim4 ii4 #i3 #a ,peter iii4 #c4 ,it is1 therefore1 plain that there must have been women possessed of wealth adequate to the purchase of bodily ornaments of great price4 ,from #a ,tim4 vi4 #bj1 and ,col4 ii4 #h1 it is manifest that among the first converts to ,christianity there were men of learning and philosophers2 for1 if the wise and the learned had unanimously rejected the ,christian religion1 what occasion could there have been for this caution8 #a ,cor4 i4 #bf unquestionably carries with it the plainest intimation that persons of rank or power were not wholly wanting in that assembly4 ,indeed1 lists of the names of various illustrious persons who embraced ,christianity1 in its weak and infantile state1 are given by ,blondel1 p4 #bce de ,episcopis et ,presbyteris3 also by ,wetstein1 in his ,preface to ,origen's ,dia4 ,con4 ,mar41 p4 #ac4 ,a few reflections1 by way of concluding1 and we are through with our discourse1 already extended beyond the limits we had prescribed3 ,first4--,there is not a single passage in the ,new ,testament1 nor a single act in the records of the ,church1 during her early history1 for even centuries1 containing any direct1 professed1 or intended denunciation of slavery4 ,but the apostles found the institution existing1 under the authority and sanction of law2 and1 in their labors among the people1 masters and slaves bowed at the same altar1 communed at the some table1 and were taken into the ,church together2 while they exhorted the one to treat the other as became the gospel1 and the other to obedience and honesty1 that their religious professions might not be evil spoken of6 ,secondly4--,the early ,church not only admitted the existence of slavery1 but in various ways1 by her teachings and discipline1 expressed her approbation of it1 enforcing the observance of certain ,fugitive ,slave ,laws which had been enacted by the ,state4 ,and1 in the various acts of the ,church1 from the times of the apostles downward through several centuries1 she enacted laws and adopted regulations touching the duties of masters and slaves1 as such4 ,this1 in our humble judgment1 amounts to a justification and defence of the institution of slavery4 ,thirdly4--,our investigations of this subject have led us regularly1 gradually1 certainly1 to the conclusion that ,god intended the relation of master and slave to exist4 ,hence1 when ,god opened the way for the organization of the ,church1 the apostles and first teachers of ,christianity found slavery incorporated with every department of society2 and1 in the adoption of rules for the government of the members of the ,church1 they provided for the rights of owners1 and the wants of slaves4 ,fourthly4--,slavery1 in the age of the apostles1 had so penetrated society1 and was so intimately interwoven with it1 that a religion preaching freedom to the slave would have arrayed against it the civil authorities1 armed against itself the whole power of the ,state1 and destroyed the usefulness of its preachers4 ,st4 ,paul knew this1 and did not assail the institution of slavery1 but labored to get both masters and slaves to heaven1 as all ministers should do in our day4 ,fifthly4--,slavery having existed ever since the first organization of the ,church1 the ,scriptures clearly teach that it will exist even to the end of time4 ,rev4 vi4 #ab-ag points to ,the ,day of ,judgment1 ,the ,last ,day1 ,the ,great ,day1 and the condition of the human race at that time1 as well as the classes of persons to be judged1 rewarded1 and punished6 ,a portion of this text reads1 ,and the kings of the earth1 and the great men1 and the rich men1 and the chief captains1 and the mighty men1 and every ,,bondman1 and every ,,freeman1 etc41 will be there2 evidently implying that slavery will exist1 and that the relations of master and slave will be recognized1 to the end of time6