,,the ,,higher ,,powers ,,of ,,mind ,,and ,,spirit ,,by ,,ralph ,,waldo ,,trine ,,author ,,of ,,in ,,tune ,,with ,,the ,,infinite1 ,,etc4 ,,london ,g4 ,,bell ,,and ,,sons1 ,,ltd4 #aicc ,first published ,may #aiah ,reprinted ,november #aiah4 ,reprinted #aiai1 #aibc1 #aibg1 #aicc4 ,,printed ,,in ,,great ,,britain ,,by ,,robert ,,maclehose ,,and ,,co4 ,,ltd4 ,,the ,,university ,,press1 ,,glasgow ,,foreword ,we are all dwellers in two kingdoms1 the inner kingdom1 the kingdom of the mind and spirit1 and the outer kingdom1 that of the body and the physical universe about us4 ,in the former1 the kingdom of the unseen1 lie the silent1 subtle forces that are continually determining1 and with exact precision1 the conditions of the latter4 ,to strike the right balance in life is one of the supreme essentials of all successful living4 ,we must work1 for we must have bread4 ,we require other things than bread4 ,they are not only valuable1 comfortable1 but necessary4 ,it is a dumb1 stolid being1 however1 who does not realize that life consists of more than these4 ,they spell mere existence1 not abundance1 fullness of life4 ,we can become so absorbed in making a living that we have no time for living4 ,to be capable and efficient in one's work is a splendid thing2 but efficiency can be made a great mechanical device that robs life of far more than it returns it4 ,a nation can become so possessed1 and even obsessed1 with the idea of power and grandeur through efficiency and organisation1 that it becomes a great machine and robs its people of the finer fruits of life that spring from a wisely subordinated and coordinated individuality4 ,here again it is the wise balance that determines all4 ,our prevailing thoughts and emotions determine1 and with absolute accuracy1 the prevailing conditions of our outward1 material life1 and likewise the prevailing conditions of our bodily life4 ,would we have any conditions different in the latter we must then make the necessary changes in the former4 ,the silent1 subtle forces of mind and spirit1 ceaselessly at work1 are continually moulding these outward and these bodily conditions4 ,he makes a fundamental error who thinks that these are mere sentimental things in life1 vague and intangible4 ,they are1 as great numbers are now realising1 the great and elemental things in life1 the only things that in the end really count4 ,the normal man or woman can never find real and abiding satisfaction in the mere possessions1 the mere accessories of life4 ,there is an eternal something within that forbids it4 ,that is the reason why1 of late years1 so many of our big men of affairs1 so many in various public walks in life1 likewise many women of splendid equipment and with large possessions1 have been and are turning so eagerly to the very things we are considering4 ,to be a mere huckster1 many of our big men are finding1 cannot bring satisfaction1 even though his operations run into millions in the year4 ,and happy is the young man or the young woman who1 while the bulk of life still lies ahead1 realises that it is the things of the mind and the spirit--the fundamental things in life--that really count2 that here lie the forces that are to be understood and to be used in moulding the everyday conditions and affairs of life2 that the springs of life are all from within1 that as is the inner so always and inevitably will be the outer4 ,to present certain facts that may be conducive to the realisation of this more abundant life is the author's purpose and plan4 ,r4 ,w4 ,t4 ,sunnybrae ,farm1 ,croton-on-,hudson1 ,new ,york4 ,,contents ,chapter ,page ,i4 ,the ,silent1 ,subtle ,building ,forces of ,mind and ,spirit #i ,,ii4 ,soul1 ,mind1 ,body--,the ,subconscious ,mind ,that ,interrelates ,them #ai ,,iii4 ,the ,way ,mind ,through the ,subconscious ,mind ,builds ,body #cg ,,iv4 ,the ,powerful ,aid of the ,mind in ,rebuilding ,body--,how ,body ,helps ,mind #ej ,v4 ,thought as a ,force in ,daily ,living #fc ,,vi4 ,jesus the ,supreme ,exponent of the ,inner ,forces and ,powers3 ,his ,people's ,religion and ,their ,condition #gf ,,vii4 ,the ,divine ,rule in the ,mind and ,heart3 ,the ,unessentials ,we ,drop--,the ,spirit ,abides #hi ,,viii4 ,if ,we ,seek the ,essence of ,his ,revelation1 and the ,purpose of ,his ,life #aac ,,ix4 ,his ,purpose of ,lifting ,up1 ,energising1 ,beautifying1 and ,saving the ,entire ,life3 ,the ,saving of the ,soul is ,secondary2 but ,follows #adj ,x4 ,some ,methods of ,attainment #aeb ,,xi4 ,some ,methods of ,expression #agc ,,xii4 ,the ,world ,war--,its ,meaning and ,its ,lessons for ,us #aia ,,xiii4 ,our ,sole ,agency of ,international ,peace1 and ,international ,concord #bac ,,xiv4 ,the ,world's ,balance-wheel #bca ,,the ,,higher ,,powers ,,of ,,mind ,,and ,,spirit ,i ,,the ,,silent1 ,,subtle ,,building ,,forces ,,of ,,mind ,,and ,,spirit ,there are moments in the lives of all of us when we catch glimpses of a life--our life--that is infinitely beyond the life we are now living4 ,we realise that we are living below our possibilities4 ,we long for the realisation of the life that we feel should be4 ,instinctively we perceive that there are within us powers and forces that we are making but inadequate use of1 and others that we are scarcely using at all4 ,practical metaphysics1 a more simplified and concrete psychology1 well-known laws of mental and spiritual science1 confirm us in this conclusion4 ,our own ,william ,james1 he who so splendidly related psychology1 philosophy1 and even religion1 to life in a supreme degree1 honoured his calling and did a tremendous service for all mankind1 when he so clearly developed the fact that we have within us powers and forces that we are making all too little use of--that we have within us great reservoirs of power that we have as yet scarcely tapped4 ,the men and the women who are awake to these inner helps--these directing1 moulding1 and sustaining powers and forces that belong to the realm of mind and spirit--are never to be found among those who ask3 ,is life worth the living8 ,for them life has been multiplied two1 ten1 a hundred fold4 ,it is not ordinarily because we are not interested in these things1 for instinctively we feel them of value2 and furthermore our observations and experiences confirm us in this thought4 ,the pressing cares of the everyday life--in the great bulk of cases1 the bread and butter problem of life1 which is after all the problem of ninety-nine out of every hundred--all seem to conspire to keep us from giving the time and attention to them that we feel we should give them4 ,but we lose thereby tremendous helps to the daily living4 ,through the body and its avenues of sense1 we are intimately related to the physical universe about us4 ,through the soul and spirit we are related to the ,infinite ,power that is the animating1 the sustaining force--the ,life ,force--of all objective material forms4 ,it is through the medium of the mind that we are able consciously to relate the two4 ,through it we are able to realise the laws that underlie the workings of the spirit1 and to open ourselves that they may become the dominating forces of our lives4 ,there is a divine current that will bear us with peace and safety on its bosom if we are wise and diligent enough to find it and go with it4 ,battling against the current is always hard and uncertain4 ,going with the current lightens the labours of the journey4 ,instead of being continually uncertain and even exhausted in the mere efforts of getting through1 we have time for the enjoyments along the way1 as well as the ability to call a word of cheer or to lend a hand to the neighbour1 also on the way4 ,the natural1 normal life is by a law divine under the guidance of the spirit4 ,it is only when we fail to seek and to follow this guidance1 or when we deliberately take ourselves from under its influence1 that uncertainties arise1 legitimate longings go unfulfilled1 and that violated laws bring their penalties4 ,it is well that we remember always that violated law carries with it its own penalty4 ,the ,supreme ,intelligence--,god1 if you please--does not punish4 ,he works through the channel of great immutable systems of law4 ,it is ours to find these laws4 ,that is what mind1 intelligence1 is for4 ,knowing them we can then obey them and reap the beneficent results that are always a part of their fulfilment2 knowingly or unknowingly1 intentionally or unintentionally1 we can fail to observe them1 we can violate them1 and suffer the results1 or even be broken by them4 ,life is not so complex if we do not so continually persist in making it so4 ,supreme ,intelligence1 creative ,power works only through law4 ,science and religion are but different approaches to our understanding of the law4 ,when both are real1 they supplement one another and their findings are identical4 ,the old ,hebrew prophets1 through the channel of the spirit1 perceived and enunciated some wonderful laws of the natural and normal life--that are now being confirmed by well-established laws of mental and spiritual science--and that are now producing these identical results in the lives of great numbers among us today1 when they said3 ,and thine ears shall hear a word behind thee1 saying1 ,this is the way1 walk ye in it1 when ye turn to the right hand and when ye turn to the left4 ,and again3 ,the ,lord is with you1 while ye be with him2 and if ye seek him1 he will be found of you2 but if ye forsake him1 he will forsake you4 ,thou wilt keep him in perfect peace1 whose mind is stayed on thee2 because he trusteth in thee4 ,the ,lord in the midst of thee is mighty4 ,he that dwelleth in the secret place of the ,most ,high shall abide under the shadow of the ,almighty4 ,thou shalt be in league with the stones of the field1 and the beasts of the field shall be at peace with thee4 ,commit thy way unto the ,lord3 trust also in him and he shall bring it to pass4 ,now these formulations all mean something of a very definite nature1 or1 they mean nothing at all4 ,if they are actual expressions of fact1 they are governed by certain definite and immutable laws4 ,these men gave us1 however1 no knowledge of the laws underlying the workings of these inner forces and powers2 they perhaps had no such knowledge themselves4 ,they were intuitive perceptions of truth on their part4 ,the scientific spirit of this1 our age1 was entirely unknown to them4 ,the growth of the race in the meantime1 the development of the scientific spirit in the pursuit and the finding of truth1 makes us infinitely beyond them in some things1 while in others they were far ahead of us4 ,but this fact remains1 and this is the important fact3 ,if these things were actual facts in the lives of these early ,hebrew prophets1 they are then actual facts in our lives right now1 today2 or1 if not actual facts1 then they are facts that still lie in the realm of the potential1 only waiting to be brought into the realm of the actual4 ,these were not unusual men in the sense that the ,infinite ,power1 ,god1 if you please1 could or did speak to them alone4 ,they are types1 they are examples of how any man or any woman1 through desire and through will1 can open himself or herself to the leadings of ,divine ,wisdom1 and have actualised in his or her life an ever-growing sense of ,divine ,power4 ,for truly ,god is the same yesterday1 and today1 and forever4 ,his laws are unchanging as well as immutable4 ,none of these men taught1 then1 how to recognise the ,divine ,voice within1 nor how to become continually growing embodiments of the ,divine ,power4 ,they gave us perhaps1 though1 all they were able to give4 ,then came ,jesus1 the successor of this long line of illustrious ,hebrew prophets1 with a greater aptitude for the things of the spirit--the supreme embodiment of ,divine realisation and revelation4 ,with a greater knowledge of truth than they1 he did greater things than they4 ,he not only did these works1 but he showed how he did them4 ,he not only revealed the ,way1 but so earnestly and so diligently he implored his hearers to follow the ,way4 ,he makes known the secret of his insight and his power3 ,the words that ,i speak unto you ,i speak not of myself3 but the ,father that dwelleth in me1 he doeth the works4 ,again1 ,i can of my own self do nothing4 ,and he then speaks of his purpose1 his aim3 ,i am come that ye might have life1 and that ye might have it more abundantly4 ,a little later he adds3 ,the works that ,i do ye shall do also4 ,now again1 these things mean something of a very definite nature1 or they mean nothing at all4 ,the works done1 the results achieved by ,jesus' own immediate disciples and followers1 and in turn their followers1 as well as in the early church for close to two hundred years after his time1 all attest the truth of his teaching and demonstrate unmistakably the results that follow4 ,down through the intervening centuries1 the teachings1 the lives and the works of various seers1 sages1 and mystics1 within the church and out of the church1 have likewise attested the truth of his teachings4 ,the bulk of the ,christian world1 however1 since the third century1 has been so concerned with various theories and teachings concerning ,jesus1 that it has missed almost completely the real vital and vitalising teachings of ,jesus4 ,we have not been taught primarily to follow his injunctions1 and to apply the truths that he revealed to the problems of our everyday living4 ,within the last two score of years or a little more1 however1 there has been a great going back directly to the teachings of ,jesus1 and a determination to prove their truth and to make effective their assurances4 ,also various laws in the realm of ,mental and ,spiritual ,science have become clearly established and clearly formulated1 that confirm all his fundamental teachings4 ,there are now definite and well-defined laws in relation to thought as a force1 and the methods as to how it determines our material and bodily conditions4 ,there are now certain well-defined laws pertaining to the subconscious mind1 its ceaseless building activities1 how it always takes its direction from the active1 thinking mind1 and how through this channel we may connect ourselves with reservoirs of power1 so to speak1 in an intelligent and effective manner4 ,there are now well-understood laws underlying mental suggestion1 whereby it can be made a tremendous source of power in our own lives1 and can likewise be made an effective agency in arousing the motive powers of another for his or her healing1 habit-forming1 character-building4 ,there are likewise well-established facts not only as to the value1 but the absolute need of periods of meditation and quiet1 alone with the ,source of our being1 stilling the outer bodily senses1 and fulfilling the conditions whereby the ,voice of the ,spirit can speak to us and through us1 and the power of the ,spirit can manifest in and through us4 ,a nation is great only as its people are great4 ,its people are great in the degree that they strike the balance between the life of the mind and the spirit--all the finer forces and emotions of life--and their outer business organisation and activities4 ,when the latter become excessive1 when they grow at the expense of the former1 then the inevitable decay sets in1 that spells the doom of that nation1 and its time is tolled off in exactly the same manner1 and under the same law1 as has that of all the other nations before it that sought to reverse the ,divine order of life4 ,the human soul and its welfare is the highest business that any state can give its attention to4 ,to recognise or to fail to recognise the value of the human soul in other nations1 determines its real greatness and grandeur1 or its self-complacent but essential vacuity4 ,it is possible for a nation1 through subtle delusions1 to get such an attack of the big head that it bends over backwards1 and it is liable1 in this exposed position1 to get a thrust in its vitals4 ,to be carried too far along the road of efficiency1 big business1 expansion1 world power1 domination1 at the expense of the great spiritual verities1 the fundamental humanities of national life1 that make for the real life and welfare of its people1 and that give also its true and just relations with other nations and their people1 is both dangerous and in the end suicidal--it can end in nothing but loss and eventual disaster4 ,a silent revolution of thought is taking place in the minds of the people of all nations at this time1 and will continue for some years to come4 ,a stock-taking period in which tremendous revaluations are under way1 is on4 ,it is becoming clear-cut and decisive4 ,,ii ,,soul1 ,,mind1 ,,body--,,the ,,subconscious ,,mind ,,that ,,interrelates ,,them ,there is a notable twofold characteristic of this our age--we might almost say3 of this our generation4 ,it is on the one hand a tremendously far-reaching interest in the deeper spiritual realities of life1 in the things of the mind and the ,spirit4 ,on the other hand1 there is a materialism that is apparent to all1 likewise far-reaching4 ,we are witnessing the two moving along1 apparently at least1 side by side4 ,there are those who believe that out of the latter the former is arising1 that we are witnessing another great step forward on the part of the human race--a new era or age1 so to speak4 ,there are many things that would indicate this to be a fact4 ,the fact that the material alone does not satisfy1 and that from the very constitution of the human mind and soul1 it cannot satisfy1 may be a fundamental reason for this4 ,it may be also that as we are apprehending1 to a degree never equalled in the world's history1 the finer forces in nature1 and are using them in a very practical and useful way in the affairs and the activities of the daily life1 we are also and perhaps in a more pronounced degree1 realising1 understanding1 and using the finer1 the higher insights and forces1 and therefore powers1 of mind1 of spirit1 and of body4 ,i think there is a twofold reason for this widespread and rapidly increasing interest4 ,a new psychology1 or perhaps it were better to say1 some new and more fully established laws of psychology1 pertaining to the realm of the subconscious mind1 its nature1 and its peculiar activities and powers1 has brought us another agency in life of tremendous significance and of far-reaching practical use4 ,another reason is that the revelation and the religion of ,jesus the ,christ is witnessing a new birth1 as it were4 ,we are finding at last an entirely new content in his teachings1 as well as in his life4 ,we are dropping our interest in those phases of a ,christianity that he probably never taught1 and that we have many reasons now to believe he never even thought--things that were added long years after his time4 ,we are conscious1 however1 as never before1 that that wonderful revelation1 those wonderful teachings1 and above all that wonderful life1 have a content that can1 that does1 inspire1 lift up1 and make more effective1 more powerful1 more successful1 and more happy1 the life of every man and every woman who will accept1 who will appropriate1 who will live his teachings4 ,look at it1 however we will1 this it is that accounts for the vast number of earnest1 thoughtful1 forward looking men and women who are passing over1 and in many cases are passing from1 traditional ,christianity1 and who either of their own initiative1 or under other leadership1 are going back to those simple1 direct1 ,god-impelling teachings of the ,great ,master4 ,they are finding salvation in his teachings and his example1 where they never could find it in various phases of the traditional teachings about him4 ,it is interesting to realise1 and it seems almost strange that this new finding in psychology1 and that this new and vital content in ,christianity1 have come about at almost identically the same time4 ,yet it is not strange1 for the one but serves to demonstrate in a concrete and understandable manner the fundamental and essential principles of the other4 ,many of the ,master's teachings of the inner life1 teachings of the ,kingdom1 given so far ahead of his time that the people in general1 and in many instances even his disciples1 were incapable of fully comprehending and understanding them1 are now being confirmed and further elucidated by clearly defined laws of psychology4 ,speculation and belief are giving way to a greater knowledge of law4 ,the supernatural recedes into the background as we delve deeper into the supernormal4 ,the unusual loses its miraculous element as we gain knowledge of the law whereby the thing is done4 ,we are realising that no miracle has ever been performed in the world's history that was not through the understanding and the use of ,law4 ,jesus did unusual things2 but he did them because of his unusual understanding of the law through which they could be done4 ,he would not have us believe otherwise4 ,to do so would be a distinct contradiction of the whole tenor of his teachings and his injunctions4 ,ye shall know the truth and the truth shall make you free1 was his own admonition4 ,it was the great and passionate longing of his master heart that the people to whom he came1 grasp the interior meanings of his teachings4 ,how many times he felt the necessity of rebuking even his disciples for dragging his teachings down through their material interpretations4 ,as some of the very truths that he taught are now corroborated and more fully understood1 and in some cases amplified by well-established laws of psychology1 mystery recedes into the background4 ,we are reconstructing a more natural1 a more sane1 a more common-sense portrait of the ,master4 ,it is the spirit that quickeneth1 said he2 the flesh profiteth nothing2 the words that ,i speak unto you1 they are spirit and they are life4 ,shall we recall again in this connection3 ,i am come that ye might have life and that ye might have it more abundantly8 ,when1 therefore1 we take him at his word1 and listen intently to his words1 and not so much to the words of others about him2 when we place our emphasis upon the fundamental spiritual truths that he revealed and that he pleaded so earnestly to be taken in the simple1 direct way in which he taught them1 we are finding that the religion of the ,christ means a clearer and healthier understanding of life and its problems through a greater knowledge of the elemental forces and laws of life4 ,ignorance enchains and enslaves4 ,truth--which is but another way of saying a clear and definite knowledge of ,law1 the elemental laws of soul1 of mind1 and body1 and of the universe about us--brings freedom4 ,jesus revealed essentially a spiritual philosophy of life4 ,his whole revelation pertained to the essential divinity of the human soul and the great gains that would follow the realisation of this fact4 ,his whole teaching revolved continually around his own expression1 used again and again1 the ,kingdom of ,god1 or the ,kingdom of ,heaven1 and which he so distinctly stated was an inner state or consciousness or realisation4 ,something not to be found outside of oneself but to be found only within4 ,we make a great error to regard man as merely a duality--mind and body4 ,man is a trinity1--soul1 mind1 and body1 each with its own functions1--and it is the right coordinating of these that makes the truly efficient and eventually the perfect life4 ,anything less is always one-sided and we may say1 continually out of gear4 ,it is essential to a correct understanding1 and therefore for any adequate use of the potential powers and forces of the inner life1 to realise this4 ,it is the physical body that relates us to the physical universe about us1 that in which we find ourselves in this present form of existence4 ,but the body1 wondrous as it is in its functions and its mechanism1 is not the life4 ,it has no life and no power in itself4 ,it is of the earth1 earthy4 ,every particle of it has come from the earth through the food we eat in combination with the air we breathe and the water we drink1 and every part of it in time will go back to the earth4 ,it is the house we inhabit while here4 ,we can make it a hovel or a mansion2 we can make it even a pig-sty or a temple1 according as the soul1 the real self1 chooses to function through it4 ,we should make it servant1 but through ignorance of the real powers within1 we can permit it to become master4 ,know ye not1 said the ,great ,apostle to the ,gentiles1 that your body is the temple of the ,holy ,ghost which is in you1 which ye have of ,god1 and ye are not your own8 ,the soul is the self1 the soul made in the image of ,eternal ,divine ,life1 which1 as ,jesus said1 is ,spirit4 ,the essential reality of the soul is ,spirit4 ,spirit--,being--is one and indivisible1 manifesting itself1 however1 in individual forms in existence4 ,divine ,being and the human soul are therefore in essence the same1 the same in quality4 ,their difference1 which1 however1 is very great--though less in some cases than in others--is a difference in degree4 ,divine ,being is the cosmic force1 the essential essence1 the ,life therefore of all there is in existence4 ,the soul is individual personal existence4 ,the soul while in this form of existence manifests1 functions through the channel of a material body4 ,it is the mind that relates the two4 ,it is through the medium of the mind that the two must be coordinated4 ,the soul1 the self1 while in this form of existence1 must have a body through which to function4 ,the body1 on the other hand1 to reach and to maintain its highest state1 must be continually infused with the life force of the soul4 ,the life force of the soul is ,spirit4 ,if spirit1 then essentially one with ,infinite ,divine ,spirit1 for spirit1 ,being1 is one4 ,the embodied soul finds itself the tenant of a material body in a material universe1 and according to a plan as yet1 at least1 beyond our human understanding1 whatever may be our thoughts1 our theories regarding it4 ,the whole order of life as we see it1 all the world of ,nature about us1 and we must believe the order of human life1 is a gradual evolving from the lower to the higher1 from the cruder to the finer4 ,the purpose of life is unquestionably unfoldment1 growth1 advancement--likewise the evolving from the lower and the coarser to the higher and the finer4 ,the higher insights and powers of the soul1 always potential within1 become of value only as they are realised and used4 ,evolution implies always involution4 ,the substance of all we shall ever attain or be1 is within us now1 waiting for realisation and thereby expression4 ,the soul carries its own keys to all wisdom and to all valuable and usable power4 ,it was that highly illumined seer1 ,emanuel ,swedenborg1 who said3 ,every created thing is in itself inanimate and dead1 but it is animated and caused to live by this1 that the ,divine is in it and that it exists in and from the ,divine4 ,again3 ,the universal end of creation is that there should be an external union of the ,creator with the created universe2 and this would not be possible unless there were beings in whom ,his ,divine might be present as if in itself2 thus in whom it might dwell and abide4 ,to be ,his abode1 they must receive ,his love and wisdom by a power which seems to be their own2 thus1 must lift themselves up to the ,creator as if by their own power1 and unite themselves with ,him4 ,without this mutual action no union would be possible4 ,and again3 ,every one who duly considers the matter may know that the body does not think1 because it is material1 but the soul1 because it is spiritual4 ,all the rational life1 therefore1 which appears in the body belongs to the spirit1 for the matter of the body is annexed1 and1 as it were1 joined to the spirit1 in order that the latter may live and perform uses in the natural world4444 ,since everything which lives in the body1 and acts and feels by virtue of that life1 belongs to the spirit alone1 it follows that the spirit is the real man2 or1 what comes to the same thing1 man himself is a spirit1 in a form similar to that of his body4 ,spirit being the real man1 it follows that the great1 central fact of all experience1 of all human life1 is the coming into a conscious1 vital realisation of our source1 of our real being1 in other words1 of our essential oneness with the spirit of ,infinite ,life and ,power--the source of all life and all power4 ,we need not look for outside help when we have within us waiting to be realised1 and thereby actualised1 this ,divine birthright4 ,browning was prophet as well as poet when in ,paracelsus he said3 ,truth is within ourselves2 it takes no rise ,from outward things1 whate'er you may believe4 ,there is an inmost centre in us all1 ,where truth abides in fulness2 and around ,wall upon wall1 the gross flesh hems it in1 ,this perfect1 clear perception--which is truth4 ,a baffling and perverting carnal mesh ,binds it1 and makes all error3 and1 to know ,rather consists in opening out a way ,whence the imprisoned splendour may escape1 ,than in effecting entry for a light ,supposed to be without4 ,how strangely similar in meaning it seems to that saying of an earlier prophet1 ,isaiah3 ,and thine ears shall hear a word behind thee1 saying1 ,this is the way1 walk ye in it1 when ye turn to the right hand and when ye turn to the left4 ,all great educators are men of great vision4 ,it was ,dr4 ,hiram ,corson who said3 ,it is what man draws up from his sub-self which is of prime importance in his true education1 not what is put into him4 ,it is the occasional uprising of our sub-selves that causes us1 at times1 to feel that we are greater than we know4 ,a new psychology1 spiritual science1 a more commonsense interpretation of the great revelation of the ,christ of ,nazareth1 all combine to enable us to make this occasional uprising our natural and normal state4 ,no man has probably influenced the educational thought and practice of the entire world more than ,friedrich ,froebel4 ,in that great book of his1 ,the ,education of ,man1 he bases his entire system upon the following1 which constitutes the opening of its first chapter3 ,in all things there lives and reigns an eternal law4 ,this all-controlling law is necessarily based on an all-pervading1 energetic1 living1 self-conscious1 and hence eternal1 ,unity4444 ,this ,unity is ,god4 ,all things have come from the ,divine ,unity1 from ,god1 and have their origin in the ,divine ,unity1 in ,god alone4 ,god is the sole source of all things4 ,all things live and have their being in and through the ,divine ,unity1 in and through ,god4 ,all things are only through the divine effluence that lives in them4 ,the divine effluence that lives in each thing is the essence of each thing4 ,it is the destiny and life work of all things to unfold their essence1 hence their divine being1 and1 therefore1 the ,divine ,unity itself--to reveal ,god in their external and transient being4 ,it is the special destiny and life work of man1 as an intelligent and rational being1 to become fully1 vividly1 conscious of this essence of the divine effluence in him1 and therefore of ,god4 ,the precept for life in general and for every one is3 ,exhibit only thy spiritual1 thy life1 in the external1 and by means of the external in thy actions1 and observe the requirements of thy inner being and its nature4 ,here is not only an undying basis for all real education1 but also the basis of all true religion1 as well as the basis of all ideal philosophy4 ,yes1 there could be no evolution1 unless the essence of all to be evolved1 unfolded1 were already involved in the human soul4 ,to follow the higher leadings of the soul1 which is so constituted that it is the inlet1 and as a consequence the outlet of ,divine ,spirit1 ,creative ,energy1 the real source of all wisdom and power2 to project its leadings into every phase of material activity and endeavour1 constitutes the ideal life4 ,it was ,emerson who said3 ,every soul is not only the inlet1 but may become the outlet of all there is in ,god4 ,to keep this inlet open1 so as not to shut out the ,divine inflow1 is the secret of all higher achievement1 as well as attainment4 ,there is a wood separated by a single open field from my house4 ,in it1 halfway down a little hillside1 there was some years ago a spring4 ,it was at one time walled up with rather large loose stone--some three feet across at the top4 ,in following a vaguely defined trail through the wood one day in the early spring1 a trail at one time evidently considerably used1 it led me to this spot4 ,i looked at the stone enclosure1 partly moss-grown4 ,i wondered why1 although the ground was wet around it1 there was no water in or running from what had evidently been at one time a well-used spring4 ,a few days later when the early summer work was better under way1 ,i took an implement or two over1 and half scratching1 half digging inside the little wall1 ,i found layer after layer of dead leaves and sediment1 dead leaves and sediment4 ,presently water became evident1 and a little later it began to rise within the wall4 ,in a short time there was nearly three feet of water4 ,it was cloudy1 no bottom could be seen4 ,i sat down and waited for it to settle4 ,presently ,i discerned a ledge bottom and the side against the hill was also ledge4 ,on this side1 close to the bottom1 ,i caught that peculiar movement of little particles of silvery sand1 and looking more closely ,i could see a cleft in the rock where the water came gushing and bubbling in4 ,soon the entire spring became clear as crystal1 and the water finding evidently its old outlet1 made its way down the little hillside4 ,i was soon able to trace and to uncover its course as it made its way to the level place below4 ,as the summer went on ,i found myself going to the spot again and again4 ,flowers that ,i found in no other part of the wood1 before the autumn came were blooming along the little watercourse4 ,birds in abundance came to drink and to bathe4 ,several times ,i have found the half-tame deer there4 ,twice we were but thirty to forty paces apart4 ,they have watched my approach1 and as ,i stopped1 have gone on with their drinking1 evidently unafraid--as if it were likewise their possession4 ,and so it is4 ,after spending a most valuable hour or two in the quiet there one afternoon1 ,i could not help but wonder as ,i walked home whether perchance the spring may not be actually happy in being able to resume its life1 to fulfil1 so to speak1 its destiny2 happy also in the service it renders flowers and the living wild things--happy in the service it renders even me4 ,i am doubly happy and a hundred times repaid in the little help ,i gave it4 ,it needed help1 to enable it effectively to keep connection with its source4 ,as it became gradually shut off from this1 it weakened1 became then stagnant1 and finally it ceased its active life4 ,containing a fundamental truth deeper perhaps than we realise1 are these words of that gifted seer1 ,emanuel ,swedenborg3 ,there is only one ,fountain of ,life1 and the life of man is a stream therefrom1 which if it were not continually replenished from its source would instantly cease to flow4 ,and likewise these3 ,those who think in the light of interior reason can see that all things are connected by intermediate links with the ,first ,cause1 and that whatever is not maintained in that connection must cease to exist4 ,there is a mystic force that transcends any powers of the intellect or of the body1 that becomes manifest and operative in the life of man when this ,god-consciousness becomes awakened and permeates his entire being4 ,failure to realise and to keep in constant communion with our ,source is what causes fears1 forebodings1 worry1 inharmony1 conflict1 conflict that downs us many times in mind1 in spirit1 in body--failure to follow that ,light that lighteth every man that cometh into the world1 failure to hear and to heed that ,voice of the soul1 that speaks continually clearer as we accustom ourselves to listen to and to heed it1 failure to follow those intuitions with which the soul1 every soul1 is endowed1 and that lead us aright and that become clearer in their leadings as we follow them4 ,it is this guidance and this sustaining power that all great souls fall back upon in times of great crises4 ,this single stanza by ,edwin ,markham voices the poet's inspiration3 ,at the heart of the cyclone tearing the sky1 ,and flinging the clouds and the towers by1 ,is a place of central calm2 ,so1 here in the roar of mortal things ,i have a place where my spirit sings1 ,in the hollow of ,god's palm4 ,that the ,divine ,life and ,energy actually lives in us1 was the philosopher ,fichte's reply to the proposition--the profoundest knowledge that man can attain4 ,and speaking of the man to whom this becomes a real1 vital1 conscious realisation1 he said3 ,his whole existence flows forth1 softly and gently1 from his ,inward ,being1 and issues out into ,reality without difficulty or hindrance4 ,there are certain faculties that we have that are not a part of the active thinking mind2 they seem to be no part of what we might term our conscious intelligence4 ,they transcend any possible activities of our regular mental processes1 and they are in some ways independent of them4 ,through some avenue1 suggestions1 intuitions of truth1 intuitions of occurrences of which through the thinking mind we could know nothing1 are at times borne in upon us2 they flash into our consciousness1 as we say1 quite independent of any mental action on our part1 and sometimes when we are thinking of something quite foreign to that which comes to1 that which impresses us4 ,this seems to indicate a source of knowledge1 a faculty that is distinct from1 but that acts in various ways in conjunction with1 the active thinking mind4 ,it performs likewise certain very definite and distinct functions in connection with the body4 ,it is this that is called the subconscious mind--by some the superconscious or the supernormal mind1 by others the subliminal self4 ,just what the subconscious mind is no man knows4 ,it is easier to define its functions and to describe its activities than it is to state in exact terms what it is4 ,it is similar in this respect to the physical force--if it be a physical force--electricity4 ,it is only of late years that we know anything of electricity at all4 ,today we know a great deal of its nature and the laws of its action4 ,no man living can tell exactly what electricity is4 ,we are nevertheless making wonderful practical applications of it4 ,we are learning more about it continually4 ,some day we may know what it actually is4 ,the fact that the subconscious mind seems to function in a realm apart from anything that has to do with our conscious mental processes1 and also that it has some definite functions as both directing and building functions to perform in connection with the body1 and that it is at the same time subject to suggestion and direction from the active thinking mind1 would indicate that it may be the true connecting link1 the medium of exchange1 between the soul and the body1 the connector of the spiritual and the material so far as man is concerned4 ,,iii ,,the ,,way ,,mind ,,through ,,the ,,subconscious ,,mind ,,builds ,,body ,when one says that he numbers among his acquaintances some who are as old at sixty as some others are at eighty1 he but gives expression to a fact that has become the common possession of many4 ,i have known those who at fifty-five and sixty were to all intents and purposes really older1 more decrepit1 and rapidly growing still more decrepit both in mind and body1 than many another at seventy and seventy-five and even at eighty4 ,history1 then1 is replete with instances1 memorable instances1 of people1 both men and women1 who have accomplished things at an age--who have even begun and carried through to successful completion things at an age that would seem to thousands of others1 in the captivity of age1 with their backs to the future1 ridiculous even to think of accomplishing1 much less of beginning4 ,on account of a certain law that has always seemed to me to exist and that ,i am now firmly convinced is very exact in its workings1 ,i have been interested in talking with various ones and in getting together various facts relative to this great discrepancy in the ages of these two classes of old people4 ,within the year ,i called upon a friend whom1 on account of living in a different portion of the country1 ,i hadn't seen for nearly ten years4 ,conversation revealed to me the fact that he was then in his eighty-eighth year4 ,i could notice scarcely a change in his appearance1 walk1 voice1 and spirit4 ,we talked at length upon the various1 so-called1 periods of life4 ,he told me that about the only difference that he noticed in himself as compared with his middle life was that now when he goes out to work in his garden1 and among his trees1 bushes1 and vines--and he has had many for many years--he finds that he is quite ready to quit and to come in at the end of about two hours1 and sometimes a little sooner1 when formerly he could work regularly without fatigue for the entire half day4 ,in other words1 he has not the same degree of endurance that he once had4 ,among others1 there comes to mind in this connection another who is a little under seventy4 ,it chances to be a woman4 ,she is bent and decrepit and growing more so by very fixed stages each twelvemonth4 ,i have known her for over a dozen years4 ,at the time when ,i first knew her she was scarcely fifty-eight1 she was already bent and walked with an uncertain1 almost faltering tread4 ,the dominant note of her personality was then as now1 but more so now1 fear for the present1 fear for the future1 a dwelling continually on her ills1 her misfortunes1 her symptoms1 her approaching and increasing helplessness4 ,such cases ,i have observed again and again2 so have all who are at all interested in life and in its forces and its problems4 ,what is the cause of this almost world-wide difference in these two lives8 ,in this case it is as clear as day--the mental characteristics and the mental habits of each4 ,in the first case1 here was one who early got a little philosophy into his life and then more as the years passed4 ,he early realised that in himself his good or his ill fortune lay2 that the mental attitude we take toward anything determines to a great extent our power in connection with it1 as well as its effects upon us4 ,he grew to love his work and he did it daily1 but never under high pressure4 ,he was therefore benefited by it4 ,his face was always to the future1 even as it is today4 ,this he made one of the fundamental rules of his life4 ,he was helped in this1 he told me in substance1 by an early faith which with the passing of the years has ripened with him into a demonstrable conviction--that there is a ,spirit of ,infinite ,life back of all1 working in love in and through the lives of all1 and that in the degree that we realise it as the one ,supreme ,source of our lives1 and when through desire and will1 which is through the channel of our thoughts1 we open our lives so that this ,higher ,power can work definitely in and through us1 and then go about and do our daily work without fears or forebodings1 the passing of the years sees only the highest good entering into our lives4 ,in the case of the other one whom we have mentioned1 a repetition seems scarcely necessary4 ,suffice it to say that the common expression on the part of those who know her--,i have heard it numbers of times--is3 ,what a blessing it will be to herself and to others when she has gone6 ,a very general rule with but few exceptions can be laid down as follows3 ,the body ordinarily looks as old as the mind thinks and feels4 ,shakespeare anticipated by many years the best psychology of the times when he said3 ,it is the mind that makes the body rich4 ,it seems to me that our great problem1 or rather our chief concern1 should not be so much how to stay young in the sense of possessing all the attributes of youth1 for the passing of the years does bring changes1 but how to pass gracefully1 and even magnificently1 and with undiminished vigour from youth to middle age1 and then how to carry that middle age into approaching old age1 with a great deal more of the vigour and the outlook of middle life than we ordinarily do4 ,the mental as well as the physical helps that are now in the possession of this our generation1 are capable of working a revolution in the lives of many who are or who may become sufficiently awake to them1 so that with them there will not be that--shall we say--immature passing from middle life into a broken1 purposeless1 decrepit1 and sunless1 and one might almost say1 soulless old age4 ,it seems too bad that so many among us just at the time that they have become of most use to themselves1 their families1 and to the world1 should suddenly halt and then continue in broken health1 and in so many cases lie down and die4 ,increasing numbers of thinking people the world over are now1 as never before1 finding that this is not necessary1 that something is at fault1 that that fault is in ourselves4 ,if so1 then reversely1 the remedy lies in ourselves1 in our own hands1 so to speak4 ,in order to actualise and to live this better type of life we have got to live better from both sides1 both the mental and the physical1 this with all due respect to ,shakespeare and to all modern mental scientists4 ,the body itself1 what we term the physical body1 whatever may be the facts regarding a finer spiritual body within it all the time giving form to and animating and directing all its movements1 is of material origin1 and derives its sustenance from the food we take1 from the air we breathe1 the water we drink4 ,in this sense it is from the earth1 and when we are through with it1 it will go back to the earth4 ,the body1 however1 is not the ,life2 it is merely the material agency that enables the ,life to manifest in a material universe for a certain1 though not necessarily a given1 period of time4 ,it is the ,life1 or the ,soul1 or the ,personality that uses1 and that in using shapes and moulds1 the body and that also determines its strength or its weakness4 ,when this is separated from the body1 the body at once becomes a cold1 inert mass1 commencing immediately to decompose into the constituent material elements that composed it--literally going back to the earth and the elements whence it came4 ,it is through the instrumentality or the agency of thought that the ,life1 the ,self1 uses1 and manifests through1 the body4 ,again1 while it is true that the food that is taken and assimilated nourishes1 sustains and builds the body1 it is also true that the condition and the operation of the mind through the avenue of thought determines into what shape or form the body is so builded4 ,so in this sense it is true that mind builds body2 it is the agency1 the force that determines the shaping of the material elements4 ,here is a wall being built4 ,bricks are the material used in its construction4 ,we do not say that the bricks are building the wall2 we say that the mason is building it1 as is the case4 ,he is using the material that is supplied him1 in this case bricks1 giving form and structure in a definite1 methodical manner4 ,again1 back of the mason is his mind1 acting through the channel of his thought1 that is directing his hands and all his movements4 ,without this guiding1 directing force no wall could take shape1 even if millions of bricks were delivered upon the scene4 ,so it is with the body4 ,we take the food1 the water1 we breathe the air2 but this is all and always acted upon by a higher force4 ,thus it is that mind builds body1 the same as in every department of our being it is the great builder4 ,our thoughts shape and determine our features1 our walk1 the posture of our bodies1 our voices2 they determine the effectiveness of our mental and our physical activities1 as well as all our relations with and influence or effects upon others4 ,you say3 ,i admit the operation of and even in certain cases the power of thought1 also that at times it has an influence upon our general feelings1 but ,i do not admit that it can have any direct influence upon the body4 ,here is one who has allowed herself to be long given to grief1 abnormally so--notice her lowered physical condition1 her lack of vitality4 ,the ,new ,york papers within the past twelve months recorded the case of a young lady in ,new ,jersey who1 from constant grieving over the death of her mother1 died1 fell dead1 within a week4 ,a man is handed a telegram4 ,he is eating and enjoying his dinner4 ,he reads the contents of the message4 ,almost immediately afterward1 his body is a-tremble1 his face either reddens or grows ashy white1 his appetite is gone2 such is the effect of the mind upon the stomach that it literally refuses the food2 if forced upon it1 it may reject it entirely4 ,a message is delivered to a lady4 ,she is in a genial1 happy mood4 ,her face whitens2 she trembles and her body falls to the ground in a faint1 temporarily helpless1 apparently lifeless4 ,such are the intimate relations between the mind and the body4 ,raise a cry of fire in a crowded theatre4 ,it may be a false alarm4 ,there are among the audience those who become seemingly palsied1 powerless to move4 ,it is the state of the mind1 and within several seconds1 that has determined the state of these bodies4 ,such are examples of the wonderfully quick influence of the mind on the body4 ,great stress1 or anxiety1 or fear1 may in two weeks' or even in two days' time so work its ravages that the person looks ten years or even twenty years older4 ,a person has been long given to worry1 or perhaps to worry in extreme form though not so long--a well-defined case of indigestion and general stomach trouble1 with a generally lowered and sluggish vitality1 has become pronounced and fixed4 ,any type of thought that prevails in our mental lives will in time produce its correspondences in our physical lives4 ,as we understand better these laws of correspondences1 we will be more careful as to the types of thoughts and emotions we consciously1 or unwittingly1 entertain and live with4 ,the great bulk of all diseases1 we will find1 as we are continually finding more and more1 are in the mind before being in the body1 or are generated in the body through certain states and conditions of mind4 ,the present state and condition of the body have been produced primarily by the thoughts that have been taken by the conscious mind into the subconscious1 that is so intimately related to and that directs all the subconscious and involuntary functions of the body4 ,says one3 ,it may be true that the mind has had certain effects upon the body2 but to be able consciously to affect the body through the mind is impossible and even unthinkable1 for the body is a solid1 fixed1 material form4 ,we must get over the idea1 as we quickly will1 if we study into the matter1 that the body1 in fact anything that we call material and solid1 is really solid4 ,even in the case of a piece of material as solid as a bar of steel1 the atoms forming the molecules are in continual action each in conjunction with its neighbour4 ,in the last analysis the body is composed of cells--cells of bone1 vital organ1 flesh1 sinew4 ,in the body the cells are continually changing1 forming and reforming4 ,death would quickly take place were this not true4 ,nature is giving us a new body practically every year4 ,there are very few elements1 cells1 in the body of today that were there a year ago4 ,the rapidity with which a cut or wound on the body is replaced by healthy tissue1 the rapidity with which it heals1 is an illustration of this4 ,one touches himself in shaving4 ,in a week1 sometimes in less than a week1 if the blood and the cell structure be particularly healthy1 there is no trace of the cut1 the formation of new cell tissue has completely repaired it4 ,through the formation of new cell structure the life-force within1 acting through the blood1 is able to rebuild and repair1 if not too much interfered with1 very rapidly4 ,the reason1 we may say almost the sole reason1 that surgery has made such great advances during the past few years1 so much greater correspondingly than medicine1 is on account of a knowledge of the importance of and the use of antiseptics--keeping the wound clean and entirely free from all extraneous matter4 ,so then1 the greater portion of the body is really new1 therefore young1 in that it is almost entirely this year's growth4 ,newness of form is continually being produced in the body by virtue of this process of perpetual renewal that is continually going on1 and the new cells and tissues are just as new as is the new leaf that comes forth in the springtime to take the place of and to perform the same functions as the one that was thrown off by the tree last autumn4 ,the skin renews itself through the casting off of used cells 7those that have already performed their functions7 most rapidly1 taking but a few weeks4 ,the muscles1 the vital organs1 the entire arterial system1 the brain and the nervous system all take longer1 but all are practically renewed within a year1 some in much less time4 ,then comes the bony structure1 taking the longest1 varying1 we are told1 from seven and eight months to a year1 in unusual cases fourteen months and longer4 ,it is1 then1 through this process of cell formation that the physical body has been built up1 and through the same process that it is continually renewing itself4 ,it is not therefore at any time or at any age a solid fixed mass or material1 but a structure in a continually changing fluid form4 ,it is therefore easy to see how we have it in our power1 when we are once awake to the relations between the conscious mind and the subconscious--and it in turn in its relations to the various involuntary and vital functions of the body--to determine to a great extent how the body shall be built or how it shall be rebuilt4 ,mentally to live in any state or attitude of mind is to take that state or condition into the subconscious4 ,the subconscious mind does and always will produce in the body after its own kind4 ,it is through this law that we externalise and become in body what we live in our minds4 ,if we have predominating visions of and harbour thoughts of old age and weakness1 this state1 with all its attendant circumstances1 will become externalised in our bodies far more quickly than if we entertain thoughts and visions of a different type4 ,said ,archdeacon ,wilberforce in a notable address in ,westminster ,abbey some time ago3 ,the recent researches of scientific men1 endorsed by experiments in the ,salpetriere in ,paris1 have drawn attention to the intensely creative power of suggestions made by the conscious mind to the subconscious mind4 ,,iv ,,the ,,powerful ,,aid ,,of ,,the ,,mind ,,in ,,rebuilding ,,body--,,how ,,body ,,helps ,,mind ,the body looks1 some one has said1 as old as the mind feels4 ,by virtue of a great mental law and at the same time chemical law we are well within the realm of truth when we say3 ,the body ordinarily is as old as the mind feels4 ,every living organism is continually going through two processes3 it is continually dying1 and continually being renewed through the operation and the power of the ,life ,force within it4 ,in the human body it is through the instrumentality of the cell that this process is going on4 ,the cell is the ultimate constituent in the formation and in the life of tissue1 fibre1 tendon1 bone1 muscle1 brain1 nerve system1 vital organ4 ,it is the instrumentality that ,nature1 as we say1 uses to do her work4 ,the cell is formed2 it does its work2 it serves its purpose and dies2 and all the while new cells are being formed to take its place4 ,this process of new cell formation is going on in the body of each of us much more rapidly and uniformly than we think4 ,science has demonstrated the fact that there are very few cells in the body today that were there twelve months ago4 ,the form of the body remains practically the same2 but its constituent elements are in a constant state of change4 ,the body1 therefore1 is continually changing2 it is never in a fixed state in the sense of being a solid1 but is always in a changing1 fluid state4 ,it is being continually remade4 ,it is the ,life1 or the ,life ,force within1 acting under the direction and guidance of the subconscious or subjective mind that is the agency through which this continually new cell-formation process is going on4 ,the subconscious mind is1 nevertheless1 always subject to suggestions and impressions that are conveyed to it by the conscious or sense mind2 and here lies the great fact1 the one all-important fact for us so far as desirable or undesirable1 so far as healthy or unhealthy1 so far as normal or aging body-building is concerned4 ,that we have it in our power to determine our physical and bodily conditions to a far greater extent than we do is an undeniable fact4 ,that we have it in our power to determine and to dictate the conditions of old age to a marvellous degree is also an undeniable fact--if we are sufficiently keen and sufficiently awake to begin early enough4 ,if any arbitrary divisions of the various periods of life were allowable1 ,i should make the enumeration as follows3 ,youth1 barring the period of babyhood1 to forty-five2 middle age1 forty-five to sixty2 approaching age1 sixty to seventy-five2 old age1 seventy-five to ninety-five and a hundred4 ,that great army of people who age long before their time1 that likewise great army of both men and women who along about middle age1 say from forty-five to sixty1 break and1 as we say1 all of a sudden go to pieces1 and many die1 just at the period when they should be in the prime of life1 in the full vigour of manhood and womanhood and of greatest value to themselves1 to their families1 and to the world1 is something that is contrary to nature1 and is one of the pitiable conditions of our time4 ,a greater knowledge1 a little foresight1 a little care in time could prevent this in the great majority of cases1 in ninety cases out of every hundred1 without question4 ,abounding health and strength--wholeness--is the natural law of the body4 ,the ,life ,force of the body1 acting always under the direction of the subconscious mind1 will build1 and always does build1 healthily and normally1 unless too much interfered with4 ,it is this that determines the type of the cell structure that is continually being built into the body from the available portions of the food that we take to give nourishment to the body4 ,it is affected for good or for bad1 helped or hindered1 in its operation by the type of conscious thought that is directed toward it1 and that it is always influenced by4 ,of great suggestive value is the following by an able writer and practitioner3 ,god has managed1 and perpetually manages1 to insert into our nature a tendency toward health1 and against the unnatural condition which we call disease4 ,when our flesh receives a wound1 a strange nursing and healing process is immediately commenced to repair the injury4 ,so in all diseases1 organic or functional1 this mysterious healing power sets itself to work at once to triumph over the morbid condition4444 ,cannot this healing process be greatly accelerated by a voluntary and conscious action of the mind1 assisted1 if need be1 by some other person8 ,i unhesitatingly affirm1 from experience and observation1 that it can4 ,by some volitional1 mental effort and process of thought1 this sanative colatus1 or healing power which ,god has given to our physiological organism1 may be greatly quickened and intensified in its action upon the body4 ,here is the secret philosophy of the cures effected by ,jesus ,christ4444 ,there is a law of the action of mind on the body that is no more an impenetrable mystery than the law of gravitation4 ,it can be understood and acted upon in the cure of disease as well as any other law of nature4 ,if1 then1 it be possible through this process to change physical conditions in the body even after they have taken form and have become fixed1 as we say1 isn't it possible even more easily to determine the type of cell structure that is grown in the first place8 ,the ablest minds in the world have thought and are thinking that if we could find a way of preventing the hardening of the cells of the system1 producing in turn hardened arteries and what is meant by the general term ossification1 that the process of aging1 growing old1 could be greatly retarded1 and that the condition of perpetual youth that we seem to catch glimpses of in rare individuals here and there could be made a more common occurrence than we find it today4 ,the cause of ossification is partly mental1 partly physical1 and in connection with them both are hereditary influences and conditions that have to be taken into consideration4 ,shall we look for a moment to the first8 ,the food that is taken into the system1 or the available portions of the food1 is the building material2 but the mind is always the builder4 ,there are1 then1 two realms of mind1 the conscious and the subconscious4 ,another way of expressing it would be to say that mind functions through two avenues--the avenue of the conscious and the avenue of the subconscious4 ,the conscious is the thinking mind2 the subconscious is the doing mind4 ,the conscious is the sense mind1 it comes in contact with and is acted upon through the avenue of the five senses4 ,the subconscious is that quiet1 finer1 all-permeating inner mind or force that guides all the inner functions1 the life functions of the body1 and that watches over and keeps them going even when we are utterly unconscious in sleep4 ,the conscious suggests and gives directions2 the subconscious receives and carries into operation the suggestions that are received4 ,the thoughts1 ideas1 and even beliefs and emotions of the conscious mind are the seeds that are taken in by the subconscious and that in this great realm of causation will germinate and produce of their own kind4 ,the chemical activities that go on in the process of cell formation in the body are all under the influence1 the domination of this great all-permeating subconscious1 or subjective realm within us4 ,in that able work1 ,the ,laws of ,psychic ,phenomena1 ,dr4 ,thomas ,j4 ,hudson lays down this proposition3 ,that the subjective mind is constantly amenable to control by suggestion4 ,it is easy1 when we once understand and appreciate this great fact1 to see how the body builds1 or rather is built1 for health and strength1 or for disease and weakness2 for youth and vigour1 or for premature ossification and age4 ,it is easy1 then1 to see how we can have a hand in1 in brief can have the controlling hand in1 building either the one or the other4 ,it is in the province of the intelligent man or woman to take hold of the wheel1 so to speak1 and to determine as an intelligent human being should1 what condition or conditions shall be given birth and form to and be externalised in the body4 ,a noted thinker and writer has said3 ,whatever the mind is set upon1 or whatever it keeps most in view1 that it is bringing to it1 and the continual thought or imagining must at last take form and shape in the world of seen and tangible things4 ,and now1 to be as concrete as possible1 we have these facts3 ,the body is continually changing in that it is continually throwing out and off1 used cells1 and continually building new cells to take their places4 ,this process1 as well as all the inner functions of the body1 is governed and guarded by the subconscious realm of our being4 ,the subconscious can do and does do whatever it is actually directed to do by the conscious1 thinking mind4 ,we must be careful on what we allow our minds to dwell1 said ,sir ,john ,lubbock1 the soul is dyed by its thoughts4 ,if we believe ourselves subject to weakness1 decay1 infirmity1 when we should be whole1 the subconscious mind seizes upon the pattern that is sent it and builds cell structure accordingly4 ,this is one great reason why one who is1 as we say1 chronically thinking and talking of his ailments and symptoms1 who is complaining and fearing1 is never well4 ,to see one's self1 to believe1 and therefore to picture one's self in mind as strong1 healthy1 active1 well1 is to furnish a pattern1 is to give suggestion and therefore direction to the subconscious so that it will build cell tissue having the stamp and the force of healthy1 vital1 active life1 which in turn means abounding health and strength4 ,so1 likewise1 at about the time that old age is supposed ordinarily to begin1 when it is believed in and looked for by those about us and those who act in accordance with this thought1 if we fall into this same mental drift1 we furnish the subconscious the pattern that it will inevitably build bodily conditions in accordance with4 ,we will then find the ordinarily understood marks and conditions of old age creeping upon us1 and we will become subject to their influences in every department of our being4 ,whatever is thus pictured in the mind and lived in1 the ,life ,force will produce4 ,to remain young in mind1 in spirit1 in feeling1 is to remain young in body4 ,growing old at the period or age at which so many grow old1 is to a great extent a matter of habit4 ,to think health and strength1 to see ourselves continually growing in this condition1 is to set into operation the subtlest dynamic force for the externalisation of these conditions in the body that can be even conceived of4 ,if one's bodily condition1 through abnormal1 false mental and emotional habits1 has become abnormal and diseased1 this same attitude of mind1 of spirit1 of imagery1 is to set into operation a subtle and powerful corrective agency that1 if persisted in1 will inevitably tend to bring normal1 healthy conditions to the front again4 ,true1 if these abnormal1 diseased conditions have been helped on or have been induced by wrong physical habits1 by the violation of physical laws1 this violation must cease4 ,but combine the two1 and then give the body the care that it requires in a moderate amount of simple1 wholesome food1 regular cleansing to assist it in the elimination of impurities and of used cell structure that is being regularly cast off1 an abundance of pure air and of moderate exercise1 and a change amounting almost to a miracle can be wrought--it may be1 indeed1 what many people of olden time would have termed a miracle4 ,the mind thus becomes a silent1 transforming1 sanative energy of great potency and power4 ,that it can be so used is attested by the fact of the large numbers1 and the rapidly increasing numbers1 all about us who are so using it4 ,this is what many people all over our country are doing today1 with the results that1 by a great elemental law--,divine ,law if you choose--many are curing themselves of various diseases1 many are exchanging weakness and impotence for strength and power1 many are ceasing1 comparatively speaking1 are politely refusing1 to grow old4 ,thought is a force1 subtle and powerful1 and it tends inevitably to produce of its kind4 ,in forestalling old age1 at least old age of the decrepit type1 it is the period of middle life where the greatest care is to be employed4 ,if1 at about the time old age is supposed ordinarily to begin1 the turn at middle life or a little later1 we would stop to consider what this period really means1 that it means with both men and women a period of life where some simple readjustments are to be made1 a period of a little rest1 a little letting up1 a temporary getting back to the playtime of earlier years and a bringing of these characteristics back into life again1 then a complete letting-up would not be demanded by nature a little later1 as it is demanded in such a lamentably large number of cases at the present time4 ,so in a definite1 deliberate way1 youth should be blended into the middle life1 and the resultant should be a force that will stretch middle life for an indefinite period into the future4 ,and what an opportunity is here for mothers1 at about the time that the children have grown1 and some or all even have flown6 ,of course1 ,mother shouldn't go and get foolish1 she shouldn't go cavorting around in a sixteen-year-old hat1 when the hat of the thirty-five-year-old would undoubtedly suit her better2 but she should rejoice that the golden period of life is still before her4 ,now she has leisure to do many of those things that she has so long wanted to do4 ,the world's rich field of literature is before her2 the line of study or work she has longed to pursue1 she bringing to it a better equipped mind and experience than she has ever had before4 ,there is also an interest in the life and welfare of her community1 in civic1 public welfare lines that the present and the quick-coming time before us along women's enfranchisement lines1 along women's commonsense equality lines1 is making her a responsible and full sharer in4 ,and how much more valuable she makes herself1 also1 to her children1 as well as to her community1 inspiring in them greater confidence1 respect1 and admiration than if she allows herself to be pushed into the background by her own weak and false thoughts of herself1 or by the equally foolish thoughts of her children in that she is now1 or is at any time1 to become a back number4 ,life1 as long as we are here1 should mean continuous unfoldment1 advancement1 and this is undoubtedly the purpose of life2 but age-producing forces and agencies mean deterioration1 as opposed to growth and unfoldment4 ,they ossify1 weaken1 stiffen1 deaden1 both mentally and physically4 ,for him or her who yearns to stay young1 the coming of the years does not mean or bring abandonment of hope or of happiness or of activity4 ,it means comparative vigour combined with continually larger experience1 and therefore even more usefulness1 and hence pleasure and happiness4 ,praise also to those who do not allow any one or any number of occurrences in life to sour their nature1 rob them of their faith1 or cripple their energies for the enjoyment of the fullest in life while here4 ,it's those people who never allow themselves in spirit to be downed1 no matter what their individual problems1 surroundings1 or conditions may be1 but who chronically bob up serenely who1 after all1 are the masters of life1 and who are likewise the strength-givers and the helpers of others4 ,there are multitudes in the world today1 there are readers of this volume1 who could add a dozen or a score of years--teeming1 healthy years--to their lives by a process of self-examination1 a mental housecleaning1 and a reconstructed1 positive1 commanding type of thought4 ,tennyson was prophet when he sang3 ,cleave then to the sunnier side of doubt1 ,and cling to ,faith beyond the forms of ,faith6 ,she reels not in the storm of warring words1 ,she brightens at the clash of ,yes and ,no1 ,she sees the ,best that glimmers through the ,worst1 ,she feels the sun is hid but for a night1 ,she spies the summer through the winter bud1 ,she tastes the fruit before the blossom falls1 ,she hears the lark within the songless egg1 ,she finds the fountain where they wailed mirage4 ,v ,,thought ,,as ,a ,,force ,,in ,,daily ,,living ,some years ago an experience was told to me that has been the cause of many interesting observations since4 ,it was related by a man living in one of our noted university towns in the ,middle ,west4 ,he was a well-known lecture manager1 having had charge of many lecture tours for ,john ,b4 ,gough1 ,henry ,ward ,beecher1 and others of like standing4 ,he himself was a man of splendid character1 was of a sensitive organism1 as we say1 and had always taken considerable interest in the powers and forces pertaining to the inner life4 ,as a young man he had left home1 and during a portion of his first year away he had found employment on a ,mississippi steamboat4 ,one day in going down the river1 while he was crossing the deck1 a sudden stinging sensation seized him in the head1 and instantly vivid thoughts of his mother1 back at the old home1 flashed into his mind4 ,this was followed by a feeling of depression during the remainder of the day4 ,the occurrence was so unusual and the impression of it was so strong that he made an account of it in his diary4 ,some time later1 on returning home1 he was met in the yard by his mother4 ,she was wearing a thin cap on her head which he had never seen her wear before4 ,he remarked in regard to it4 ,she raised the cap and doing so revealed the remains of a long ugly gash on the side of her head4 ,she then said that some months before1 naming the time1 she had gone into the back yard and had picked up a heavy crooked stick having a sharp end1 to throw it out of the way1 and in throwing it1 it had struck a wire clothesline immediately above her head and had rebounded with such force that it had given her the deep scalp wound of which she was speaking4 ,on unpacking his bag he looked into his diary and found that the time she had mentioned corresponded exactly with the strange and unusual occurrence to himself as they were floating down the ,mississippi4 ,the mother and son were very near one to the other1 close in their sympathies1 and there can be but little doubt that the thoughts of the mother as she was struck went out1 and perhaps went strongly out1 to her boy who was now away from home4 ,he1 being sensitively organised and intimately related to her in thought1 and alone at the time1 undoubtedly got1 if not her thought1 at least the effects of her thought1 as it went out to him under these peculiar and tense conditions4 ,there are scores if not hundreds of occurrences of a more or less similar nature that have occurred in the lives of others1 many of them well authenticated4 ,how many of us1 even1 have had the experience of suddenly thinking of a friend of whom we have not thought for weeks or months1 and then entirely unexpectedly meeting or hearing from this same friend4 ,how many have had the experience of writing a friend1 one who has not been written to or heard from for a long time1 and within a day or two getting a letter from that friend--the letters crossing1 as we are accustomed to say4 ,there are many other experiences or facts of a similar nature1 and many of them exceedingly interesting1 that could be related did space permit4 ,these all indicate to me that thoughts are not mere indefinite things but that thoughts are forces1 that they go out1 and that every distinct1 clear-cut thought has1 or may have1 an influence of some type4 ,thought transference1 which is now unquestionably an established fact1 notwithstanding much chicanery that is still to be found in connection with it1 is undoubtedly to be explained through the fact that thoughts are forces4 ,a positive mind through practice1 at first with very simple beginnings1 gives form to a thought that another mind open and receptive to it--and sufficiently attuned to the other mind--is able to receive4 ,wireless telegraphy1 as a science1 has been known but a comparatively short time4 ,the laws underlying it have been in the universe perhaps1 or undoubtedly1 always4 ,it is only lately that the mind of man has been able to apprehend them1 and has been able to construct instruments in accordance with these laws4 ,we are now able1 through a knowledge of the laws of vibration and by using the right sending and receiving instruments1 to send actual messages many hundreds of miles directly through the ether and without the more clumsy accessories of poles and wires4 ,this much of it we know--there is perhaps even more yet to be known4 ,we may find1 as ,i am inclined to think we shall find1 that thought is a form of vibration4 ,when a thought is born in the brain1 it goes out just as a sound wave goes out1 and transmits itself through the ether1 making its impressions upon other minds that are in a sufficiently sensitive state to receive it2 this in addition to the effects that various types of thoughts have upon the various bodily functions of the one with whom they take origin4 ,we are1 by virtue of the laws of evolution1 constantly apprehending the finer forces of nature--the tallow-dip1 the candle1 the oil lamp1 years later a more refined type of oil1 gas1 electricity1 the latest tungsten lights1 radium--and we may be still only at the beginnings4 ,our finest electric lights of today may seem--will seem--crude and the quality of their light even more crude1 twenty years hence1 even less4 ,many other examples of our gradual passing from the coarser to the finer in connection with the laws and forces of nature occur readily to the minds of us all4 ,the present great interest on the part of thinking men and women everywhere1 in addition to the more particular studies1 experiments1 and observations of men such as ,sir ,oliver ,lodge1 ,sir ,william ,ramsay1 and others1 in the powers and forces pertaining to the inner life is an indication that we have reached a time when we are making great strides along these lines4 ,some of our greatest scientists are thinking that we are on the eve of some almost startling glimpses into these finer realms4 ,my own belief is that we are likewise on the eve of apprehending the more precise nature of thought as a force1 the methods of its workings1 and the law underlying its more intimate and everyday uses4 ,of one thing we can rest assured2 nothing in the universe1 nothing in connection with human life is outside of the ,realm of ,law4 ,the elemental law of ,cause and ,effect is absolute in its workings4 ,one of the great laws pertaining to human life is3 ,as is the inner1 so always and inevitably is the outer--,cause1 ,effect4 ,our thoughts and emotions are the silent1 subtle forces that are constantly externalising themselves in kindred forms in our outward material world4 ,like creates like1 and like attracts like4 ,as is our prevailing type of thought1 so is our prevailing type and our condition of life4 ,the type of thought we entertain has its effect upon our energies and to a great extent upon our bodily conditions and states4 ,strong1 clear-cut1 positive1 hopeful thought has a stimulating and life-giving effect upon one's outlook1 energies1 and activities2 and upon all bodily functions and powers4 ,a falling state of the mind induces a chronically gloomy outlook and produces inevitably a falling condition of the body4 ,the mind grows1 moreover1 into the likeness of the thoughts one most habitually entertains and lives with4 ,every thought reproduces of its kind4 ,says an authoritative writer in dealing more particularly with the effects of certain types of thoughts and emotions upon bodily conditions3 ,out of our own experience we know that anger1 fear1 worry1 hate1 revenge1 avarice1 grief1 in fact all negative and low emotions1 produce weakness and disturbance not only in the mind but in the body as well4 ,it has been proved that they actually generate poisons in the body1 they depress the circulation2 they change the quality of the blood1 making it less vital2 they affect the great nerve centres and thus partially paralyse the very seat of the bodily activities4 ,on the other hand1 faith1 hope1 love1 forgiveness1 joy1 and peace1 all such emotions are positive and uplifting1 and so act on the body as to restore and maintain harmony and actually to stimulate the circulation and nutrition4 ,the one who does not allow himself to be influenced or controlled by fears or forebodings is the one who ordinarily does not yield to discouragements4 ,he it is who is using the positive1 success-bringing types of thought that are continually working for him for the accomplishment of his ends4 ,the things that he sees in the ideal1 his strong1 positive1 and therefore creative type of thought1 is continually helping to actualise in the realm of the real4 ,we sometimes speak lightly of ideas1 but this world would be indeed a sorry place in which to live were it not for ideas--and were it not for ideals4 ,every piece of mechanism that has ever been built1 if we trace back far enough1 was first merely an idea in some man's or woman's mind4 ,every structure or edifice that has ever been reared had form first in this same immaterial realm4 ,so every great undertaking of whatever nature had its inception1 its origin1 in the realm of the immaterial--at least as we at present call it--before it was embodied and stood forth in material form4 ,it is well1 then1 that we have our ideas and our ideals4 ,it is well1 even1 to build castles in the air1 if we follow these up and give them material clothing or structure1 so that they become castles on the ground4 ,occasionally it is true that these may shrink or1 rather1 may change their form and become cabins2 but many times we find that an expanded vision and an expanded experience lead us to a knowledge of the fact that1 so far as happiness and satisfaction are concerned1 the contents of a cabin may outweigh many times those of the castle4 ,successful men and women are almost invariably those possessing to a supreme degree the element of faith4 ,faith1 absolute1 unconquerable faith1 is one of the essential concomitants1 therefore one of the great secrets of success4 ,we must realise1 and especially valuable is it for young men and women to realise1 that one carries his success or his failure with him1 that it does not depend upon outside conditions4 ,there are some that no circumstances or combinations of circumstances can thwart or keep down4 ,let circumstance seem to thwart or circumvent them in one direction1 and almost instantly they are going forward along another direction4 ,circumstance is kept busy keeping up with them4 ,when she meets such1 after a few trials1 she apparently decides to give up and turn her attention to those of the less positive1 the less forceful1 therefore the less determined1 types of mind and of life4 ,circumstance has received some hard knocks from men and women of this type4 ,she has grown naturally timid and will always back down whenever she recognises a mind1 and therefore a life1 of sufficient force4 ,to make the best of whatever present conditions are1 to form and clearly to see one's ideal1 though it may seem far distant and almost impossible1 to believe in it1 and to believe in one's ability to actualise it--this is the first essential4 ,not1 then1 to sit and idly fold the hands1 expecting it to actualise itself1 but to take hold of the first thing that offers itself to do1--that lies sufficiently along the way1--to do this faithfully1 believing1 knowing1 that it is but the step that will lead to the next best thing1 and this to the next2 this is the second and the completing stage of all accomplishment4 ,we speak of fate many times as if it were something foreign to or outside of ourselves1 forgetting that fate awaits always our own conditions4 ,a man decides his own fate through the types of thoughts he entertains and gives a dominating influence in his life4 ,he sits at the helm of his thought world and1 guiding1 decides his own fate1 or1 through negative1 vacillating1 and therefore weakening thought1 he drifts1 and fate decides him4 ,fate is not something that takes form and dominates us irrespective of any say on our own part4 ,through a knowledge and an intelligent and determined use of the silent but ever-working power of thought we either condition circumstances1 or1 lacking this knowledge or failing to apply it1 we accept the role of a conditioned circumstance4 ,it is a help sometimes to realise and to voice with ,henley3 ,out of the night that covers me1 ,black as the pit from pole to pole1 ,i thank whatever gods may be ,for my unconquerable soul4 ,the thoughts that we entertain not only determine the conditions of our own immediate lives1 but they influence1 perhaps in a much more subtle manner than most of us realise1 our relations with and our influence upon those with whom we associate or even come into contact4 ,all are influenced1 even though unconsciously1 by them4 ,thoughts of good will1 sympathy1 magnanimity1 good cheer--in brief1 all thoughts emanating from a spirit of love--are felt in their positive1 warming1 and stimulating influences by others2 they inspire in turn the same types of thoughts and feelings in them1 and they come back to us laden with their ennobling1 stimulating1 pleasure-bringing influences4 ,thoughts of envy1 or malice1 or hatred1 or ill will are likewise felt by others4 ,they are influenced adversely by them4 ,they inspire either the same types of thoughts and emotions in them2 or they produce in them a certain type of antagonistic feeling that has the tendency to neutralise and1 if continued for a sufficient length of time1 deaden sympathy and thereby all friendly relations4 ,we have heard much of personal magnetism4 ,careful analysis will1 ,i think1 reveal the fact that the one who has to any marked degree the element of personal magnetism is one of the large-hearted1 magnanimous1 cheer-bringing1 unself-centred types1 whose positive thought forces are being continually felt by others1 and are continually inspiring and calling forth from others these same splendid attributes4 ,i have yet to find any one1 man or woman1 of the opposite habits and1 therefore1 trend of mind and heart who has had or who has even to the slightest perceptible degree the quality that we ordinarily think of when we use the term personal magnetism4 ,if one would have friends he or she must be a friend1 must radiate habitually friendly1 helpful thoughts1 good will1 love4 ,the one who doesn't cultivate the hopeful1 cheerful1 uncomplaining1 good-will attitude toward life and toward others becomes a drag1 making life harder for others as well as for one's self4 ,ordinarily we find in people the qualities we are mostly looking for1 or the qualities that our own prevailing characteristics call forth4 ,the larger the nature1 the less critical and cynical it is1 the more it is given to looking for the best and the highest in others1 and the less1 therefore1 is it given to gossip4 ,it was ,jeremy ,bentham who said3 ,in order to love mankind1 we must not expect too much of them4 ,and ,goethe had a still deeper vision when he said3 ,who is the happiest of men8 ,he who values the merits of others1 and in their pleasure takes joy1 even as though it were his own4 ,the chief characteristic of the gossip is that he or she prefers to live in the low-lying miasmic strata of life1 revelling in the negatives of life and taking joy in finding and peddling about the findings that he or she naturally makes there4 ,the larger natures see the good and sympathise with the weaknesses and the frailties of others4 ,they realise also that it is so consummately inconsistent--many times even humorously inconsistent--for one also with weaknesses1 frailties1 and faults1 though perhaps of a little different character1 to sit in judgment of another4 ,gossip concerning the errors or shortcomings of another is judging another4 ,the one who is himself perfect is the one who has the right to judge another4 ,by a strange law1 however1 though by a natural law1 we find1 as we understand life in its fundamentals better1 such a person is seldom if ever given to judging1 much less to gossip4 ,life becomes rich and expansive through sympathy1 good will1 and good cheer2 not through cynicism or criticism4 ,that splendid little poem of but a single stanza by ,edwin ,markham1 ,outwitted1 points after all to one of life's fundamentals3 ,he drew a circle that shut me out-- ,heretic1 rebel1 a thing to flout1 ,but ,love and ,i had the wit to win3 ,we drew a circle that took him in6 ,,vi ,,jesus ,,the ,,supreme ,,exponent ,,of ,,the ,,inner ,,forces ,,and ,,powers3 ,,his ,,people',s ,,religion ,,and ,,their ,,condition ,in order to have any true or adequate understanding of what the real revelation and teachings of ,jesus were1 two things must be borne in mind4 ,it is necessary in the first place1 not only to have a knowledge of1 but always to bear in mind the method1 the medium through which the account of his life has come down to us4 ,again1 before the real content and significance of ,jesus' revelation and teachings can be intelligently understood1 it is necessary that we have a knowledge of the conditions of the time in which he lived and of the people to whom he spoke1 to whom his revelation was made4 ,to any one who has even a rudimentary knowledge of the former1 it becomes apparent at once that no single saying or statement of ,jesus can be taken to indicate either his revelation or his purpose4 ,these must be made to depend upon not any single statement or saying of his own1 much less anything reported about him by another2 but it must be made to depend rather upon the whole tenor of his teachings4 ,jesus put nothing in writing4 ,there was no one immediately at hand to make a record of any of his teachings or any of his acts4 ,it is now well known that no one of the gospels was written by an immediate hearer1 by an eye-witness4 ,the ,gospel of ,mark1 the oldest gospel1 or in other words the one written nearest to ,jesus' time1 was written some forty years after he had finished his work4 ,matthew and ,luke1 taken to a great extent from the ,gospel of ,mark1 supplemented by one or two additional sources1 were written many years after4 ,the ,gospel of ,john was not written until after the beginning of the second century after ,christ4 ,these four sets of chronicles1 called the ,gospels1 written independently one of another1 were then collected many years after their authors were dead1 and still a great deal later were brought together into a single book4 ,the following concise statement by ,professor ,henry ,drummond throws much light upon the way the ,new ,testament portions of our ,bible took form3 ,the ,bible is not a book2 it is a library4 ,it consists of sixty-six books4 ,it is a great convenience1 but in some respects a great misfortune1 that these books have always been bound up together and given out as one book to the world1 when they are not2 because that has led to endless mistakes in theology and practical life4 ,these books1 which make up this library1 written at intervals of hundreds of years1 were collected after the last of the writers was dead--long after--by human hands4 ,where were the books8 ,take the ,new ,testament4 ,there were four lives of ,christ4 ,one was in ,rome2 one was in ,southern ,italy2 one was in ,palestine2 one in ,asia ,minor4 ,there were twenty-one letters4 ,five were in ,greece and ,macedonia2 five in ,asia2 one in ,rome4 ,the rest were in the pockets of private individuals4 ,theophilus had ,acts4 ,they were collected undesignedly4 ,in the third century the ,new ,testament consisted of the following books3 ,the four ,gospels1 ,acts1 thirteen letters of ,paul1 ,i ,john1 ,i ,peter2 and1 in addition1 the ,epistles of ,barnabas and ,hermas4 ,this was not called the ,new ,testament1 but the ,christian ,library4 ,then these last books were discarded4 ,they ceased to be regarded as upon the same level as the others4 ,in the fourth century the canon was closed--that is to say1 a list was made up of the books which were to be regarded as canonical4 ,and then long after that they were stitched together and made up into one book--hundreds of years after that4 ,who made up the complete list8 ,it was never formally made up4 ,the bishops of the different churches would draw up a list each of the books that they thought ought to be put into this ,testament4 ,the churches also would give their opinions4 ,sometimes councils would meet and talk it over--discuss it4 ,scholars like ,jerome would investigate the authenticity of the different documents1 and there came to be a general consensus of the churches on the matter4 ,jesus spoke in his own native language1 the ,aramaic4 ,his sayings were then rendered into ,greek1 and1 as is well known by all well-versed ,biblical scholars1 it was not an especially high order of ,greek4 ,the ,new ,testament scriptures including the four gospels1 were then many hundreds of years afterwards translated from the ,greek into our modern languages--,english1 ,german1 ,french1 ,swedish1 or whatever the language of the particular translation may be4 ,those who know anything of the matter of translation know how difficult it is to render the exact meanings of any statements or writing into another language4 ,the rendering of a single word may sometimes mean1 or rather may make a great difference in the thought of the one giving the utterance4 ,how much greater is this liability when the thing thus rendered is twice removed from its original source and form6 ,the original manuscripts had no punctuation and no verse divisions2 these were all arbitrarily supplied by the translators later on4 ,it is also a well-established fact on the part of leading ,biblical scholars that through the centuries there have been various interpolations in the ,new ,testament scriptures1 both by way of omissions and additions4 ,reference is made to these various facts in connection with the sayings and the teachings of ,jesus and the methods and the media through which they have come down to us1 to show how impossible it would be to base ,jesus' revelation or purpose upon any single utterance made or purported to be made by him--to indicate1 in other words1 that to get at his real message1 his real teachings1 and his real purpose1 we must find the binding thread if possible1 the reiterated statement1 the repeated purpose that makes them throb with the living element4 ,again1 no intelligent understanding of ,jesus' revelation or ministry can be had without a knowledge of the conditions of the time1 and of the people to whom his revelation was made1 among whom he lived and worked2 for his ministry had in connection with it both a time element and an eternal element4 ,there are two things that must be noted1 the moral and religious condition of the people2 and1 again1 their economic and political status4 ,the ,jewish people had been preeminently a religious people4 ,but a great change had taken place4 ,religion was at its lowest ebb4 ,its spirit was well-nigh dead1 and in its place there had gradually come into being a ,pharisaic legalism--a religion of form1 ceremony4 ,an extensive system of ecclesiastical tradition1 ecclesiastical law and observances1 which had gradually robbed the people of all their former spirit of religion1 had been gradually built up by those in ecclesiastical authority4 ,the voice of that illustrious line of ,hebrew prophets had ceased to speak4 ,it was close to two hundred years since the voice of a living prophet had been heard4 ,tradition had taken its place4 ,it took the form3 ,moses hath said2 ,it has been said of old2 ,the prophet hath said4 ,the scribe was the keeper of the ecclesiastical law4 ,the lawyer was its interpreter4 ,the ,pharisees had gradually elevated themselves into an ecclesiastical hierarchy who were the custodians of the law and religion4 ,they had come to regard themselves as especially favoured1 a privileged class--not only the custodians but the dispensers of all religious knowledge--and therefore of religion4 ,the people1 in their estimation1 were of a lower intellectual and religious order1 possessing no capabilities in connection with religion or morals1 dependent therefore upon their superiors in these matters4 ,this state of affairs that had gradually come about was productive of two noticeable results3 a religious starvation and stagnation on the part of the great mass of the people on the one hand1 and the creation of a haughty1 self-righteous and domineering ecclesiastical hierarchy on the other4 ,in order for a clear understanding of some of ,jesus' sayings and teachings1 some of which constitute a very vital part of his ministry1 it is necessary to understand clearly what this condition was4 ,another important fact that sheds much light upon the nature of the ministry of ,jesus is to be found1 as has already been intimated1 in the political and the economic condition of the people of the time4 ,the ,jewish nation had been subjugated and were under the domination of ,rome4 ,rome in connection with ,israel1 as in connection with all conquered peoples1 was a hard master4 ,taxes and tribute1 tribute and taxes1 could almost be said to be descriptive of her administration of affairs4 ,she was already in her degenerate stage4 ,never perhaps in the history of the world had men been so ruled by selfishness1 greed1 military power and domination1 and the pomp and display of material wealth4 ,luxury1 indulgence1 over-indulgence1 vice4 ,the inevitable concomitant followed--a continually increasing moral and physical degeneration4 ,an increasing luxury and indulgence called for an increasing means to satisfy them4 ,messengers were sent and additional tribute was levied4 ,pontius ,pilate was the ,roman administrative head or governor in ,judea at the time4 ,tiberius ,caesar was the ,roman ,emperor4 ,rome at this time consisted of a few thousand nobles and people of station--freemen--and hundreds of thousands of slaves4 ,even her campaigns in time became virtual raids for plunder4 ,she conquered--and she plundered those whom she conquered4 ,great numbers from among the conquered peoples were regularly taken to ,rome and sold into slavery4 ,judea had not escaped this4 ,thousands of her best people had been transported to ,rome and sold into slavery4 ,it was never known where the blow would fall next2 what homes would be desolated and both sons and daughters sent away into slavery4 ,no section1 no family could feel any sense of security4 ,a feeling of fear1 a sense of desolation pervaded everywhere4 ,there was a tradition1 which had grown into a well-defined belief1 that a ,deliverer would be sent them1 that they would be delivered out of the hands of their enemies and that their oppressors would in turn be brought to grief4 ,there was also in the section round about ,judaea a belief1 which had grown until it had become well-nigh universal1 that the end of the world1 or the end of the age1 was speedily coming1 that then there would be an end of all earthly government and that the reign of ,jehovah--the kingdom of ,god--would be established4 ,these two beliefs went hand in hand4 ,they were kept continually before the people1 and now and then received a fresh impetus by the appearance of a new prophet or a new teacher1 whom the people went gladly out to hear4 ,of this kind was ,john1 the son of a priest1 later called ,john the ,baptist4 ,after his period of preparation1 he came out of the wilderness of ,judaea1 and in the region about the ,jordan with great power and persuasiveness1 according to the accounts1 he gave utterance to the message3 ,repent ye1 for the ,kingdom of ,heaven is at hand4 ,forsake all earthly things2 they will be of avail but a very short time now1 turn ye from them and prepare yourselves for the coming of the ,kingdom of ,god4 ,the old things will speedily pass away2 all things will become new4 ,many went out to hear him and were powerfully appealed to by the earnest1 rugged utterances of this new preacher of righteousness and repentance4 ,his name and his message spread through all the land of ,judea and the country around the ,jordan4 ,many were baptised by him there1 he making use of this symbolic service which had been long in use by certain branches of the ,jewish people1 especially the order of the ,essenes4 ,among those who went out to hear ,john and who accepted baptism at his hands was ,jesus1 the son of ,joseph and ,mary1 whose home was at ,nazareth4 ,it marks also the beginning of his own public ministry1 for which he evidently had been in preparation for a considerable time4 ,it seems strange that we know so little of the early life of one destined to exert such a powerful influence upon the thought and the life of the world4 ,in the gospel of ,mark1 probably the most reliable1 because the nearest to his time1 there is no mention whatever of his early life4 ,the first account is where he appears at ,john's meetings4 ,almost immediately thereafter begins his own public ministry4 ,in the gospel of ,luke we have a very meagre account of him4 ,it is at the age of twelve4 ,the brief account gives us a glimpse into the lives of his father and his mother1 ,joseph and ,mary2 showing that at that time they were not looked upon as in any way different from all of the inhabitants of their little community1 ,nazareth1 the little town in ,galilee--having a family of several sons and daughters1 and that ,jesus1 the eldest of the family1 grew in stature and in knowledge1 as all the neighbouring children grew2 but that he1 even at an early age1 showed that he had a wonderful aptitude for the things of the spirit4 ,i reproduce ,luke's brief account here3 ,now1 his parents went to ,jerusalem every year at the feast of the passover4 ,and when he was twelve years old1 they went up to ,jerusalem1 after the custom of the feast4 ,and when they had fulfilled the days1 as they returned1 the child ,jesus tarried behind in ,jerusalem3 and ,joseph and his mother knew not of it4 ,but they1 supposing him to have been in the company1 went a day's journey2 and they sought him among their kinsfolk and acquaintances4 ,and when they found him not1 they turned back again to ,jerusalem1 seeking him4 ,and it came to pass that after three days they found him in the temple1 sitting in the midst of the doctors1 both hearing them and asking them questions4 ,and all that heard him were astonished at his understanding and answers4 ,and when they saw him they were amazed3 and his mother said unto him1 ,son1 why hast thou thus dealt with us8 ,behold1 thy father and ,i have sought thee sorrowing4 ,and he said unto them1 ,how is it that ye sought me8 ,wist ye not that ,i must be about my father's business8 ,and they understood not the saying which he spake unto them4 ,and he went down with them1 and came to ,nazareth1 and was subject unto them3 but his mother kept all these sayings in her heart4 ,and ,jesus increased in wisdom and stature1 and in favour with ,god and man4 ,nothing could be more interesting than to know the early life of ,jesus4 ,there are various theories as to how this was spent1 that is1 as to what his preparation was--the facts of his life1 in addition to his working with his father at his trade1 that of a carpenter2 but we know nothing that has the stamp of historical accuracy upon it4 ,of his entire life1 indeed1 including the period of his active ministry1 from thirty to nearly thirty-three1 it is but fair to presume that we have at best but a fragmentary account in the ,gospel narratives4 ,it is probable that many things connected with his ministry1 and many of his sayings and teachings1 we have no record of at all4 ,it is probable that in connection with his preparation he spent a great deal of time alone1 in the quiet1 in communion with his ,divine ,source1 or as the term came so naturally to him1 with ,god1 his ,father--,god1 our ,father1 for that was his teaching--my ,god and your ,god4 ,the many times that we are told in the narratives that he went to the mountain alone1 would seem to justify us in this conclusion4 ,anyway1 it would be absolutely impossible for anyone to have such a vivid realisation of his essential oneness with the ,divine1 without much time spent in such a manner that the real life could evolve into its ,divine likeness1 and then mould the outer life according to this ideal or pattern4 ,,vii ,,the ,,divine ,,rule ,,in ,,the ,,mind ,,and ,,heart3 ,,the ,,unessentials ,,we ,,drop--,,the ,,spirit ,,abides ,that ,jesus had a supreme aptitude for the things of the spirit1 there can be no question4 ,that through desire and through will he followed the leadings of the spirit--that he gave himself completely to its leadings--is evident both from his utterances and his life4 ,it was this combination undoubtedly that led him into that vivid sense of his life in ,god1 which became so complete that he afterwards speaks--,i and my ,father are one4 ,that he was always1 however1 far from identifying himself as equal with ,god is indicated by his constant declaration of his dependence upon ,god4 ,again and again we have these declarations3 ,my meat and drink is to do the will of ,god4 ,my doctrine is not mine1 but his that sent me4 ,i can of myself do nothing3 as ,i hear ,i judge2 and my judgment is righteous2 because ,i seek not mine own will1 but the will of him that sent me4 ,and even the very last acts and words of his life proclaim this constant sense of dependence for guidance1 for strength1 and even for succour4 ,with all his ,divine self-realisation there was always1 moreover1 that sense of humility that is always a predominating characteristic of the really great4 ,why callest thou me good8 ,there is none good but one--that is ,god4 ,it is not at all strange1 therefore1 that the very first utterance of his public ministry1 according to the chronicler ,mark was3 ,the ,kingdom of ,god is at hand3 repent ye1 and believe the gospel4 ,and while this was the beginning utterance1 it was the keynote that ran through his entire ministry4 ,it is the basic fact of all his teachings4 ,the realisation of his own life he sought to make the realisation of all others4 ,it was1 it is1 a call to righteousness1 and a call to righteousness through the only channel that any such call can be effective--through a realisation of the essential righteousness and goodness of the human soul4 ,an unbiased study of ,jesus' own words will reveal the fact that he taught only what he himself had first realised4 ,it is this1 moreover1 that makes him the supreme teacher of all time--,counsellor1 ,friend1 ,saviour4 ,it is the saving of men from their lower conceptions and selves1 a lifting of them up to their higher selves1 which1 as he taught1 is eternally one with ,god1 the ,father1 and which1 when realised1 will inevitably1 reflexly1 one might say1 lift a man's thoughts1 acts1 conduct--the entire life--up to that standard or pattern4 ,it is thus that the ,divine ideal1 that the ,christ becomes enthroned within4 ,the ,christ-consciousness is the universal ,divine nature in us4 ,it is the state of ,god-consciousness4 ,it is the recognition of the indwelling ,divine life as the source1 and therefore the essence of our own lives4 ,jesus came as the revealer of a new truth1 a new conception of man4 ,indeed1 the ,messiah4 ,he came as the revealer of the only truth that could lead his people out of their trials and troubles--out of their bondage4 ,they were looking for their ,deliverer to come in the person of a worldly king and to set up his rule as such4 ,he came in the person of a humble teacher1 the revealer of a mighty truth1 the revealer of the ,way1 the only way whereby real freedom and deliverance can come4 ,for those who would receive him1 he was indeed the ,messiah4 ,for those who would not1 he was not1 and the same holds today4 ,he came as the revealer of a truth which had been glimpsed by many inspired teachers among the ,jewish race and among those of other races4 ,the time waited1 however1 for one to come who would first embody this truth and then be able effectively to teach it4 ,this was done in a supreme degree by the ,judaean ,teacher4 ,he came not as the doer-away with the ,law and the ,prophets1 but rather to regain and then to supplement them4 ,such was his own statement4 ,it is time to ascend another round4 ,i reveal ,god to you1 not in the ,tabernacle1 but in the human heart--then in the ,tabernacle in the degree that ,he is in the hearts of those who frequent the ,tabernacle4 ,otherwise the ,tabernacle becomes a whited sepulchre4 ,the ,church is not a building1 an organisation1 not a creed4 ,the ,church is the ,spirit of ,truth4 ,it must have one supreme object and purpose--to lead men to the truth4 ,i reveal what ,i have found--,i in the ,father and the ,father in me4 ,i seek not to do mine own will1 but the will of the ,father who sent me4 ,everything was subordinated to this ,divine realisation and to his ,divine purpose4 ,the great purpose at which he laboured so incessantly was the teaching of the realisation of the ,divine will in the hearts and minds1 and through these in the lives of men--the finding and the realisation of the ,kingdom of ,god4 ,this is the supreme fact of life4 ,get right at the centre and the circumference will then care for itself4 ,as is the inner1 so always and invariably will be the outer4 ,there is an inner guide that regulates the life when this inner guide is allowed to assume authority4 ,why be disconcerted1 why in a heat concerning so many things8 ,it is not the natural and the normal life4 ,life at its best is something infinitely beyond this4 ,seek ye first the ,kingdom of ,god and ,his righteousness1 and all these things shall be added unto you4 ,and if there is any doubt in regard to his real meaning in this here is his answer3 ,neither shall they say1 ',lo here' or ',lo there' for behold the ,kingdom of ,god is within you4 ,again and again this is his call4 ,again and again this is his revelation4 ,in the first three gospels alone he uses the expression the ,kingdom of ,god1 or the ,kingdom of ,heaven1 upwards of thirty times4 ,any possible reference to any organisation that he might have had in mind1 can be found in the entire four gospels but twice4 ,it would almost seem that it would not be difficult to judge as to what was uppermost in his mind4 ,i have made this revelation to you2 you must raise yourselves1 you must become in reality what in essence you really are4 ,i in the ,father1 and the ,father in me4 ,i reveal only what ,i myself know4 ,as ,i am1 ye shall be4 ,god is your ,father4 ,in your real nature you are ,divine4 ,drop your ideas of the depravity of the human soul4 ,to believe it depraves4 ,to teach it depraves the one who teaches it1 and the one who accepts it4 ,follow not the traditions of men4 ,i reveal to you your ,divine birthright4 ,accept it4 ,it is best4 ,behold all things are become new4 ,the ,kingdom of ,god is the one all-inclusive thing4 ,find it and all else will follow4 ,whereunto shall we liken the kingdom of ,god8 ,or with what comparison shall we compare it8 ,it is like a grain of mustard seed1 which1 when it is sown in the earth1 is less than all the seeds that be in the earth2 but when it is sown1 it groweth up1 and becometh greater than all herbs1 and shooteth out great branches2 so that the fowls of the air may lodge under the shadow of it4 ,whereunto shall ,i liken the kingdom of ,god8 ,is it like leaven1 which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal1 till the whole was leavened8 ,seek ye first the ,kingdom1 and the ,holy ,spirit1 the channel of communion between ,god your source1 and yourselves1 will lead you1 and will lead you into all truth4 ,it will become as a lamp to your feet1 a guide that is always reliable4 ,to refuse allegiance to the ,holy ,spirit1 the ,spirit of ,truth1 is the real sin1 the only sin that cannot be forgiven4 ,violation of all moral and natural law may be forgiven4 ,it will bring its penalty1 for the violation of law carries in itself its own penalty1 its own punishment--it is a part of law2 but cease the violation and the penalty ceases4 ,the violation registers its ill effects in the illness1 the sickness1 of body and spirit4 ,if the violation has been long continued1 these effects may remain for some time2 but the instant the violation ceases the repair will begin1 and things will go the other way4 ,learn from this experience1 however1 that there can be no deliberate violation of1 or blaspheming against any moral or natural law4 ,but deliberately to refuse obedience to the inner guide1 the ,holy ,spirit1 constitutes a defiance that eventually puts out the lamp of life1 and that can result only in confusion and darkness4 ,it severs the ordained relationship1 the connecting1 the binding cord1 between the soul--the self--and its ,source4 ,stagnation1 degeneracy1 and eventual death is merely the natural sequence4 ,with this ,divine self-realisation the ,spirit assumes control and mastery1 and you are saved from the follies of error1 and from the consequences of error4 ,repent ye--turn from your trespasses and sins1 from your lower conceptions of life1 of pleasure and of pain1 and walk in this way4 ,the lower propensities and desires will lose their hold and will in time fall away4 ,you will be at first surprised1 and then dumfounded1 at what you formerly took for pleasure4 ,true pleasure and satisfaction go hand in hand1--nor are there any bad after results4 ,all genuine pleasures should lead to more perfect health1 a greater accretion of power1 a continually expanding sense of life and service4 ,when ,god is uppermost in the heart1 when the ,divine rule under the direction of the ,holy ,spirit becomes the ruling power in the life of the individual1 then the body and its senses are subordinated to this rule2 the passions become functions to be used2 license and perverted use give way to moderation and wise use2 and there are then no penalties that outraged law exacts2 satiety gives place to satisfaction4 ,it was ,edward ,carpenter who said3 ,in order to enjoy life one must be a master of life--for to be a slave to its inconsistencies can only mean torment2 and in order to enjoy the senses one must be master of them4 ,to dominate the actual world you must1 like ,archimedes1 base your fulcrum somewhere beyond4 ,it is not the use1 but the abuse of anything good in itself that brings satiety1 disease1 suffering1 dissatisfaction4 ,nor is asceticism a true road of life4 ,all things are for use2 but all must be wisely1 in most cases1 moderately used1 for true enjoyment4 ,all functions and powers are for use2 but all must be brought under the domination of the ,spirit--the ,god-illumined spirit4 ,this is the road that leads to heaven here and heaven hereafter--and we can rest assured that we will never find a heaven hereafter that we do not make while here4 ,through everything runs this teaching of the ,master4 ,how wonderfully and how masterfully and simply he sets forth his whole teaching of sin and the sinner and his relation to the ,father in that marvellous parable1 the ,parable of the ,prodigal ,son4 ,to bring it clearly to mind again it runs3 ,a certain man had two sons3 and the younger of them said to his father1 ,father1 give me the portion of goods that falleth to me4 ,and he divided unto them his living4 ,and not many days after the younger son gathered all together1 and took his journey to a far country1 and there wasted his substance with riotous living4 ,and when he had spent all1 there arose a mighty famine in that land2 and he began to be in want4 ,and he went and joined himself to a citizen of that country2 and he sent him into his fields to feed swine4 ,and he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat3 and no man gave unto him4 ,and when he came to himself1 he said1 ,how many hired servants of my father's have bread enough and to spare1 and ,i perish with hunger6 ,i will arise and go to my father1 and will say unto him1 ,father1 ,i have sinned against heaven1 and before thee1 and am no more worthy to be called thy son3 make me as one of thy hired servants4 ,and he arose and came to his father4 ,but when he was yet a great way off1 his father saw him1 and had compassion1 and ran1 and fell upon his neck1 and kissed him4 ,and the son said unto him1 ,father1 ,i have sinned against heaven1 and in thy sight1 and am no more worthy to be called thy son4 ,but the father said to his servants1 ,bring forth the best robe and put it on him2 and put a ring on his hand1 and shoes on his feet3 and bring hither the fatted calf1 and kill it2 and let us eat1 and be merry2 for this my son was dead1 and is alive again2 he was lost1 and is found4 ,and they began to be merry4 ,now his elder son was in the field3 and as he came and drew nigh to the house1 he heard music and dancing4 ,and he called one of the servants1 and asked what these things meant4 ,and he said unto him1 ,thy brother is come2 and thy father hath killed the fatted calf1 because he hath received him safe and sound4 ,and he was angry and would not go in3 therefore came his father out1 and entreated him1 and he answering said to his father1 ,lo1 these many years do ,i serve thee1 neither transgressed ,i at any time thy commandment2 and yet thou never gavest me a kid1 that ,i might make merry with my friends3 but as soon as this thy son was come1 which hath devoured thy living with harlots1 thou hast killed for him the fatted calf4 ,and he said unto him1 ,son1 thou art ever with me1 and all that ,i have is thine4 ,it was meet that we should make merry1 and be glad3 for this thy brother was dead1 and is alive again2 and was lost1 and is found4 ,it does away forever in all thinking minds with any participation of ,jesus in that perverted and perverting doctrine that man is by nature essentially depraved1 degraded1 fallen1 in the sense as was given to the world long1 long after his time in the doctrine of the ,fall of ,man1 and the need of redemption through some external source outside of himself1 in distinction from the truth that he revealed that was to make men free--the truth of their ,divine nature1 and this love of man by the ,heavenly ,father1 and the love of the ,heavenly ,father by ,his children4 ,to connect ,jesus with any such thought or teaching would be to take the heart out of his supreme revelation4 ,for his whole conception of ,god the ,father1 given in all his utterances1 was that of a ,heavenly ,father of love1 of care1 longing to exercise ,his protecting care and to give good gifts to ,his children--and this because it is the essential nature of ,god to be fatherly4 ,his ,fatherhood is not1 therefore1 accidental1 not dependent upon any conditions or circumstances2 it is essential4 ,if it is the nature of a father to give good gifts to his children1 so in a still greater degree is it the nature of the ,heavenly ,father to give good gifts to those who ask ,him4 ,as ,his words are recorded by ,matthew3 ,or what man is there of you1 whom if his son ask bread1 will he give him a stone8 ,or if he ask a fish1 will he give him a serpent8 ,if ye then1 being evil1 know how to give good gifts unto your children1 how much more shall your ,father which is in heaven give good things to them that ask him8 ,so in the parable as presented by ,jesus1 the father's love was such that as soon as it was made known to him that his son who had been lost to him had returned1 he went out to meet him2 he granted him full pardon--and there were no conditions4 ,speaking of the fundamental teaching of the ,master1 and also in connection with this same parable1 another has said3 ,it thus appears from this story1 as elsewhere in the teaching of ,jesus1 that he did not call ,god our father because ,he created us1 or because ,he rules over us1 or because ,he made a covenant with ,abraham1 but simply and only because ,he loves us4 ,this parable individualises the divine love1 as did also the missionary activity of ,jesus4 ,the gospels know nothing of a national fatherhood1 of a ,god whose love is confined to a particular people4 ,it is the individual man who has a heavenly ,father1 and this individualised fatherhood is the only one of which ,jesus speaks4 ,as he had realised his own moral and spiritual life in the consciousness that ,god was his father1 so he sought to give life to the world by a living revelation of the truth that ,god loves each separate soul4 ,this is a prime factor in the religion and ethics of ,jesus4 ,it is seldom or vaguely apprehended in the ,old ,testament teaching2 but in the teaching of ,jesus it is central and normative4 ,again in the two allied parables of ,jesus--the ,parable of the ,lost ,sheep1 and the ,parable of the ,lost ,coin--it is his purpose to teach the great love of the ,father for all1 including those lost in their trespasses and sins1 and ,his rejoicing in their return4 ,this leads to ,jesus' conception and teaching of sin and repentance4 ,although ,god is the ,father1 ,he demands filial obedience in the hearts and the minds of ,his children4 ,men by following the devices and desires of their own hearts1 are not true to their real nature1 their ,divine pattern4 ,by following their selfish desires they have brought sin1 and thereby suffering1 on themselves and others4 ,the unclean1 the selfish desires of mind and heart1 keep them from their higher moral and spiritual ideal--although not necessarily giving themselves to gross sin4 ,therefore1 they must become sons of ,god by repenting--by turning from the evil inclinations of their hearts and seeking to follow the higher inclinations of the heart as becomes children of ,god and those who are dwellers in the ,heavenly ,kingdom4 ,therefore1 his opening utterance3 ,the time is fulfilled1 and the ,kingdom of ,god is at hand2 repent ye1 and believe the gospel4 ,love of ,god with the whole heart1 and love of the neighbour1 leading to the higher peace and fulfilment1 must take the place of these more selfish desires that lead to antagonisms and dissatisfactions both within and without4 ,all men are to pray3 ,forgive us our sins4 ,all men are to repent of their sins which are the results of following their own selfish desires1--those of the body1 or their own selfish desires to the detriment of the welfare of the neighbour4 ,all men are to seek the ,divine rule1 the rule of ,god in the heart1 and thereby have the guidance of the ,holy ,spirit1 which is the ,divine spirit of wisdom that tabernacles with man when through desire and through will he makes the conditions whereby it can make its abode with him4 ,it is a manifestation of the force that is above man--it is the eternal heritage of the soul4 ,now the ,lord is the ,spirit and where the ,spirit of the ,lord is1 there is liberty4 ,and therein lies salvation4 ,it follows the seeking and the finding of the ,kingdom of ,god and ,his righteousness that ,jesus revealed to a waiting world4 ,and so it was the spirit of religion that ,jesus came to reveal--the real ,fatherhood of ,god and the ,divine ,sonship of man4 ,a better righteousness than that of the scribes and the ,pharisees--not a slavish adherence to the ,law1 with its supposed profits and rewards4 ,get the motive of life right4 ,get the heart right and these things become of secondary importance4 ,as his supreme revelation was the personal fatherhood of ,god1 from which follows necessarily the ,divine sonship of man1 so there was a corollary to it1 a portion of it almost as essential as the main truth itself--namely1 that all men are brothers4 ,not merely those of one little group1 or tribe or nation2 not merely those of any one little set or religion2 not merely those of this or that little compartment that we build and arbitrarily separate ourselves into--but all men the world over4 ,if this is not true then ,jesus' supreme revelation is false4 ,in connection with this great truth he brought a new standard by virtue of the logic of his revelation4 ,ye have heard that it hath been said1 ,thou shalt love thy neighbour1 and hate thine enemy4 ,but ,i say unto you1 ,love your enemies1 bless them that curse you1 do good to them that hate you1 and pray for them which despitefully use you1 and persecute you2 that ye may be the children of your ,father which is in heaven4 ,struggling for recognition all through the ,old ,testament scriptures1 and breaking through partially at least in places1 was this conception which is at the very basis of all man's relationship with man4 ,and finally through this supreme ,master of life it did break through1 with a wonderful newborn consciousness4 ,the old dispensation1 with its legal formalism1 was an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth4 ,the new dispensation was--,but ,i say unto you1 ,love your enemies4 ,enmity begets enmity4 ,it is as senseless as it is godless4 ,it runs through all his teachings and through every act of his life4 ,if fundamentally you do not have the love of your fellow-man in your hearts1 you do not have the love of ,god in your hearts and you cannot have4 ,and that this fundamental revelation be not misunderstood1 near the close of his life he said3 ,a new commandment ,i give unto you1 that ye love one another4 ,no man could be1 can be his disciple1 his follower1 and fail in the realisation of this fundamental teaching4 ,by this shall all men know that ye are my disciples1 if ye love one another4 ,and going back again to his ministry we find that it breathes through every teaching that he gave4 ,it breathes through that short memorable prayer which we call the ,lord's ,prayer4 ,it permeates the ,sermon on the ,mount4 ,it is the very essence of his summing up of this discourse4 ,we call it the ,golden ,rule4 ,whatsoever ye would that men should do to you1 do ye even so to them4 ,not that it was original with ,jesus2 other teachers sent of ,god had given it before to other peoples--,god's other children2 but he gave it a new emphasis1 a new setting4 ,he made it fundamental4 ,so a man who is gripped at all vitally by ,jesus' teaching of the personal fatherhood of ,god1 and the personal brotherhood of man1 simply can't help but make this the basic rule of his life--and moreover find joy in so making it4 ,a man who really comprehends this fundamental teaching can't be crafty1 sneaking1 dishonest1 or dishonourable1 in his business1 or in any phase of his personal life4 ,he never hogs the penny--in other words1 he never seeks to gain his own advantage to the disadvantage of another4 ,he may be long-headed2 he may be able to size up and seize conditions2 but he seeks no advantage for himself to the detriment of his fellow1 to the detriment of his community1 or to the detriment of his extended community1 the nation or the world4 ,he is thoughtful1 considerate1 open1 frank2 and1 moreover1 he finds great joy in being so4 ,i have never seen any finer statement of the essential reasonableness1 therefore1 of the essential truth of the value and the practice of the ,golden ,rule than that given by a modern disciple of ,jesus who left us but a few years ago4 ,a poor boy1 a successful business man1 straight1 square1 considerate in all his dealings1--a power among his fellows1 a lamp indeed to the feet of many--was ,samuel ,milton ,jones1 thrice mayor of ,toledo4 ,simple1 unassuming1 friend of all1 rich as well as poor1 poor as well as rich1 friend of the outcast1 the thief1 the criminal1 looking beyond the exterior1 he saw as did ,jesus1 the human soul always intact1 though it erred in its judgment--as we all err in our judgments1 each in his own peculiar way--and that by forbearance1 consideration1 and love1 it could be touched and the life redeemed--redeemed to happiness1 to usefulness1 to service4 ,notwithstanding his many duties1 business and political1 he thought much and he loved to talk of the things we are considering4 ,his brief statement of the fundamental reasons and the comprehensive results of the actual practice of the ,golden ,rule are shot through with such fine insight1 such abounding comprehension1 that they deserve to become immortal4 ,he was my friend and ,i would not see them die4 ,i reproduce them here3 ,as ,i view it1 the ,golden ,rule is the supreme law of life4 ,it may be paraphrased this way3 ,as you do unto others1 others will do unto you4 ,what ,i give1 ,i get4 ,if ,i love you1 really and truly and actively love you1 you are as sure to love me in return as the earth is sure to be warmed by the rays of the midsummer sun4 ,if ,i hate you1 ill-treat you and abuse you1 ,i am equally certain to arouse the same kind of antagonism towards me1 unless the ,divine nature is so developed that it is dominant in you1 and you have learned to love your enemies4 ,what can be plainer8 ,the ,golden ,rule is the law of action and reaction in the field of morals1 just as definite1 just as certain here as the law is definite and certain in the domain of physics4 ,i think the confusion with respect to the ,golden ,rule arises from the different conceptions that we have of the word love4 ,i use the word love as synonymous with reason1 and when ,i speak of doing the loving thing1 ,i mean the reasonable thing4 ,when ,i speak of dealing with my fellow-men in an unreasonable way1 ,i mean an unloving way4 ,the terms are interchangeable1 absolutely4 ,the reason why we know so little about the ,golden ,rule is because we have not practised it4 ,was ,mayor ,jones a ,christian8 you ask4 ,he was a follower of the ,christ--for it was he who said3 ,by this shall all men know ye are my disciples1 if ye love one another4 ,was he a member of a religious organisation8 ,i don't know--it never occurred to me to ask him4 ,thinking men the world over are making a sharp distinction in these days between organised ,christianity and essential ,christianity4 ,the element of fear has lost its hold on the part of thinking men and women4 ,it never opened up1 it never can open up the springs of righteousness in the human heart4 ,he believed and he acted upon the belief that it was the spirit that the ,master taught--that ,god is a ,god of love and that ,he reveals ,himself in terms of love to those who really know ,him4 ,he believed that there is joy to the human soul in following this inner guide and translating its impulses into deeds of love and service for one's fellow-men4 ,if we could1 if we would thus translate religion into terms of life1 it would become a source of perennial joy4 ,it is not with observation1 said ,jesus1 that the supreme thing that he taught--the seeking and finding of the ,kingdom of ,god--will come4 ,do not seek it at some other place1 some other time4 ,it is within1 and if within it will show forth4 ,make no mistake about that1--it will show forth4 ,it touches and it sensitises the inner springs of action in a man's or a woman's life4 ,when a man realises his ,divine sonship that ,jesus taught1 he will act as a son of ,god4 ,out of the heart spring either good or evil actions4 ,self-love1 me1 mine2 let me get all ,i can for myself1 or1 thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself--the ,divine law of service1 of mutuality--the highest source of ethics4 ,you can trust any man whose heart is right4 ,he will be straight1 clean1 reliable4 ,his word will be as good as his bond4 ,personally you can't trust a man who is brought into any line of action1 or into any institution through fear4 ,the sore is there1 liable to break out in corruption at any time4 ,this opening up of the springs of the inner life frees him also from the letter of the law1 which after all consists of the traditions of men1 and makes him subject to that higher moral guide within4 ,how clearly ,jesus illustrated this in his conversations regarding the observance of the ,sabbath--how the ,sabbath was made for man and not man for the ,sabbath1 and how it was always right to do good on the ,sabbath4 ,i remember some years ago a friend in my native state telling me the following interesting incident in connection with his grandmother4 ,it was in northern ,illinois--it might have been in ,new ,england4 ,as a boy1 said he1 ,i used to visit her on the farm4 ,she loved her cup of coffee for breakfast4 ,ordinarily she would grind it fresh each morning in the kitchen2 but when ,sunday morning came she would take her coffee-grinder down into the far end of the cellar1 where no one could see and no one could hear her grind it4 ,he could never quite tell1 he said1 whether it was to ease her own conscience1 or in order to give no offence to her neighbours4 ,now1 ,i can imagine ,jesus passing by and stopping at that home--it was a home known for its native kindly hospitality--and meeting her just as she was coming out of the cellar with her coffee-grinder--his quick and unerring perception enabling him to take in the whole situation at once1 and saying3 ,in the name of the ,father1 ,aunt ,susan1 what were you doing with your coffee-grinder down in the cellar on this beautiful ,sabbath morning8 ,you like your cup of coffee1 and ,i also like the coffee that you make2 thank ,god that you have it1 and thank ,god that you have the good health to enjoy it4 ,we can give praise to the ,father through eating and drinking1 if1 as in everything else1 these are done in moderation and we give value received for all the things that we use4 ,so don't take your grinder down into the cellar on the ,sabbath morning2 but grind your coffee up here in ,god's sunshine1 with a thankful heart that you have it to grind4 ,and ,i can imagine him1 as he passes out of the little front gate1 turning and waving another good-bye and saying3 ,when ,i come again1 ,aunt ,susan1 be it week-day or ,sabbath1 remember ,god's sunshine and keep out of the cellar4 ,and turning again in a half-joking manner3 ,and when you take those baskets of eggs to town1 ,aunt ,susan1 don't pick out too many of the large ones to keep for yourself1 but take them just as the hens lay them4 ,and1 ,aunt ,susan1 give good weight in your butter4 ,this will do your soul infinitely more good than the few extra coins you would gain by too carefully calculating--,aunt ,susan with all her lovable qualities1 had a little tendency to close dealing4 ,i think we do incalculable harm by separating ,jesus so completely from the more homely1 commonplace affairs of our daily lives4 ,if we had a more adequate account of his discourses with the people and his associations with the people1 we would perhaps find that he was not1 after all1 so busy in saving the world that he didn't have time for the simple1 homely enjoyments and affairs of the everyday life4 ,the little glimpses that we have of him along these lines indicate to me that he had4 ,unless we get his truths right into this phase of our lives1 the chances are that we will miss them entirely4 ,and ,i think that with all his earnestness1 ,jesus must have had an unusually keen sense of humour4 ,with his unusual perceptions and his unusual powers in reading and in understanding human nature1 it could not be otherwise4 ,that he had a keen sense for beauty2 that he saw it1 that he valued it1 that he loved it1 especially beauty in all nature1 many of his discourses so abundantly prove4 ,religion with him was not divorced from life4 ,it was the power that permeated every thought and every act of the daily life4 ,,viii ,,if ,,we ,,seek ,,the ,,essence ,,of ,,his ,,revelation1 ,,and ,,the ,,purpose ,,of ,,his ,,life ,if we would seek the essence of ,jesus' revelation1 attested both by his words and his life1 it was to bring a knowledge of the ineffable love of ,god to man1 and by revealing this1 to instil in the minds and hearts of men love for ,god1 and a knowledge of and following of the ways of ,god4 ,it was also then to bring a new emphasis of the ,divine law of love--the love of man for man4 ,combined1 it results1 so to speak1 in raising men to a higher power1 to a higher life1--as individuals1 as groups1 as one great world group4 ,it is a newly sensitised attitude of mind and heart that he brought and that he endeavoured to reveal in all its matchless beauty--a following not of the traditions of men1 but fidelity to one's ,god1 whereby the ,divine rule in the mind and heart assumes supremacy and1 as must inevitably follow1 fidelity to one's fellow-men4 ,these are the essentials of ,jesus' revelation--the fundamental forces in his own life4 ,his every teaching1 his every act1 comes back to them4 ,i believe also that all efforts to mystify the minds of men and women by later theories about him are contrary to his own expressed teaching1 and in exact degree that they would seek to substitute other things for these fundamentals4 ,i call them fundamentals4 ,i call them his fundamentals4 ,what right have ,i to call them his fundamentals8 ,an occasion arose one day in the form of a direct question for ,jesus to state in well-considered and clear-cut terms the essence1 the gist1 of his entire teachings--therefore1 by his authority1 the fundamentals of essential ,christianity4 ,in the midst of one of the groups that he was speaking to one day1 we are told that a certain lawyer arose--an interpreter of1 an authority on1 the existing ecclesiastical law4 ,the reference to him is so brief1 unfortunately1 that we cannot tell whether his question was to confound ,jesus1 as was so often the case1 or whether being a liberal ,jew he longed for an honest and truly helpful answer4 ,from ,jesus' remark to him1 after his primary answer1 we are justified in believing it was the latter4 ,his question was3 ,master1 which is the great commandment in the law8 ,jesus said unto him1 ,thou shalt love the ,lord thy ,god with all thy heart1 and with all thy soul1 and with all thy mind4 ,this is the first and great commandment4 ,and the second is like unto it4 ,thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself4 ,on these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets4 ,here we have a wonderful statement from a wonderful source4 ,so clear-cut is it that any wayfaring man1 though a fool1 cannot mistake it4 ,especially is this true when we couple with it this other statement of ,jesus3 ,think not that ,i am come to destroy the law1 or the prophets2 ,i am not come to destroy1 but to fulfil4 ,we must never forget that ,jesus was born1 lived1 and died a ,jew1 the same as all of his disciples--and they never regarded themselves in any other light4 ,the basis of his religion was the religion of ,israel4 ,it was this he taught and expounded1 now in the synagogue1 now out on the hillside and by the lake-side4 ,it was this that he tried to teach in its purity1 that he tried to free from the hedges that ecclesiasticism had built around it1 this that he endeavoured to raise to a still higher standard4 ,one cannot find the slightest reference in any of his sayings that would indicate that he looked upon himself in any other light--except the overwhelming sense that it was his mission to bring in the new dispensation by fulfilling the old1 and then carrying it another great step forward1 which he did in a wonderful way--both ,god-ward and man-ward4 ,we must not forget1 then1 that ,jesus said that he did not come to destroy the ,law and the ,prophets1 but to fulfil them4 ,we must not forget1 however1 that before fulfilling them he had to free them4 ,the freedom-giving1 ,god-illumined words spoken by free ,god-illumined men1 had1 in the hands of those not ,god-illumined1 later on become institutionalised1 made into a system1 a code4 ,the people were taught that only the priests had access to ,god4 ,they were the custodians of ,god's favour and only through the institution could any man1 or any woman1 have access to ,god4 ,this became the sacred thing1 and as the years had passed this had become so hedged about by continually added laws and observances that all the spirit of religion had become crushed1 stifled1 beaten to the ground4 ,the very scribes and ,pharisees themselves1 supposed to minister to the spiritual life and the welfare of the people1 became enrobed in their fine millinery and arrogance1 masters of the people1 whose ministers they were supposed to be1 as is so apt to be the case when an institution builds itself upon the free1 all-embracing message of truth given by any prophet or any inspired teacher4 ,it has occurred time and time again4 ,christianity knows it well4 ,it is only by constant vigilance that religious freedom is preserved1 from which alone comes any high degree of morality1 or any degree of free and upward-moving life among the people4 ,it was on account of this shameful robbing of the people of their ,divine birthright that the just soul of ,jesus1 abhorring both casuistry and oppression under the cloak of religion1 gave utterance to that fine invective that he used on several occasions1 the only times that he spoke in a condemnatory or accusing manner3 ,now do ye1 ,pharisee1 make clean the outside of the cup and the platter2 but your inward part is full of ravening and wickedness4 ,woe unto you1 scribes and ,pharisees1 hypocrites6 ,for ye are as graves which appear not1 and the men that walk over them are not aware of them4444 ,woe unto you also1 ye lawyers6 ,for ye lade men with burdens grievous to be borne1 and ye yourselves touch not the burdens with one of your fingers4444 ,woe unto you1 lawyers6 ,for ye have taken away the key of knowledge3 ye entered not in yourselves1 and them that were entering in ye hindered4 ,and here is the lesson for us4 ,it is the spirit that must always be kept uppermost in religion4 ,otherwise even the revelation and the religion of ,jesus could be compressed into a code1 with its self-appointed instruments of interpretation1 the same as the ,pharisees did the ,law and the ,prophets that he so bitterly condemned1 with a bravery so intrepid and so fearless that it finally caused his death4 ,no1 if ,god is not in the human soul waiting to make ,himself known to the believing1 longing heart1 accessible to all alike without money and without price1 without any prescribed code1 then the words of ,jesus have not been correctly handed down to us4 ,and then again1 confirming us in the belief that a man's deepest soul relation is a matter between him and his ,god1 are his unmistakable and explicit directions in regard to prayer4 ,it is so easy to substitute the secondary thing for the fundamental1 the by-thing for the essential1 the container for the thing itself4 ,you will recall that symbolic act of ,jesus at the last meeting1 the ,last ,supper with his disciples1 the washing of the disciples' feet by the ,master4 ,the point that is intended to be brought out in the story is1 of course1 the extraordinary condescension of ,jesus in doing this menial service for his disciples4 ,the feet-washing symbolises the attitude of humble service to others4 ,every follower of ,jesus must experience it4 ,one of the disciples is so astonished1 even taken aback by this menial service on the part of ,jesus1 that he says3 ,thou shall never wash my feet4 ,jesus answered him1 ,if ,i wash thee not1 thou hast no part with me4 ,in ,oriental countries where sandals are worn that cover merely the soles of the feet1 it was1 it is the custom of the host to offer his guest who comes water with which to wash his feet4 ,there is no reason why this simple incident of humble service1 or rather this symbolic act of humble service1 could not be taken and made an essential condition of salvation by any council that saw fit to make it such4 ,things just as strange as this have happened2 though any thinking man or woman today would deem it essentially foolish4 ,it is an example of how the spirit of a beautiful act could be misrepresented to the people4 ,for if you will look at them again1 ,jesus' words are very explicit3 ,if ,i wash thee not1 thou hast no part with me4 ,but hear ,jesus' own comment as given in ,john3 ,so after he had washed their feet1 and had taken his garments1 and was set down again1 he said unto them1 ,know ye what ,i have done to you8 ,ye call me ,master and ,lord3 and ye say well2 for so ,i am4 ,if ,i then1 your ,lord and ,master1 have washed your feet1 ye also ought to wash one another's feet4 ,for ,i have given you an example1 that ye should do as ,i have done to you4 ,verily1 verily1 ,i say unto you1 ,the servant is not greater than his lord2 neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him4 ,if ye know these things1 happy are ye if ye do them4 ,it is a means to an end and not an end in itself4 ,the spirit that it typifies is essential2 but not the act itself4 ,the same could be rightly said of the ,lord's ,supper4 ,it is an observance that can be made of great value1 one very dear and valuable to many people4 ,but it cannot1 if ,jesus is to be our authority1 and if correctly reported1 be by any means made a fundamental1 an essential of salvation4 ,from the rebuke administered by ,jesus to his disciples in a number of cases where they were prone to drag down his meanings by their purely material interpretations1 we should be saved from this4 ,you will recall his teaching one day when he spoke of himself as the bread of life that a man may eat thereof and not die4 ,some of his ,jewish hearers taking his words in a material sense and arguing in regard to them one with another said3 ,how can this man give us his flesh to eat8 ,hearing them ,jesus reaffirming his statement said3 ,verily1 verily1 ,i say unto you1 except ye eat of the flesh of the ,son of ,man1 and drink his blood1 ye have not life in yourselves4444 ,for my flesh is meat indeed1 and my blood is drink indeed4 ,his disciples1 likewise1 prone here as so often to make a literal and material interpretation of his statements1 said one to another3 ,this is a hard saying2 who can hear him8 ,or according to our idiom--who can understand him8 ,jesus asked them squarely if what he had just said caused them to stumble1 and in order to be sure that they might not miss his real meaning and therefore teaching1 said3 ,it is the spirit that quickeneth2 the flesh profiteth nothing3 the words that ,i speak unto you1 they are spirit1 and they are life4 ,try as we will1 we cannot get away from the fact that it was the words of truth that ,jesus brought that were ever uppermost in his mind4 ,he said1 ,follow me1 not some one else1 nor something else that would claim to represent me4 ,and follow me merely because ,i lead you to the ,father4 ,so supremely had this young ,jewish prophet1 the son of a carpenter1 made ,god's business his business1 that he had come into the full realisation of the oneness of his life with the ,father's life4 ,he was able to realise and to say1 ,i and my ,father are one4 ,he was able to bring to the world a knowledge of the great fact of facts--the essential oneness of the human with the ,divine--that ,god tabernacles with men1 that ,he makes ,his abode in the minds and the hearts of those who through desire and through will open their hearts to ,his indwelling presence4 ,the first of the race1 he becomes the revealer of this great eternal truth--the mediator1 therefore1 between ,god and man--in very truth the ,saviour of men4 ,if a man love me1 said he1 he will keep my words3 and my ,father will love him1 and we will come unto him1 and make our abode with him4444 ,if ye keep my commandments1 ye shall abide in my love2 even as ,i have kept my ,father's commandments and abide in his love4 ,it is our eternal refusal to follow ,jesus by listening to the words of life that he brought1 and our proneness to substitute something else in their place1 that brings the barrenness that is so often evident in the everyday life of the ,christian4 ,we have been taught to believe in ,jesus2 we have not been taught to believe ,jesus4 ,this has resulted in a separation of ,christianity from life4 ,the predominating motive has been the saving of the soul4 ,it has resulted too often in a selfish1 negative1 repressive1 ineffective religion4 ,as ,jesus said3 ,and why call ye me1 ,lord1 ,lord1 and do not the things which ,i say8 ,we are just beginning to realise at all adequately that it was the salvation of the life that he taught4 ,when the life is redeemed to righteousness through the power of the indwelling ,god and moves out in love and in service for one's fellow-men1 the soul is then saved4 ,a man may be a believer in ,jesus for a million years and still be an outcast from the ,kingdom of ,god and ,his righteousness4 ,but a man can't believe ,jesus1 which means following his teachings1 without coming at once into the ,kingdom and enjoying its matchless blessings both here and hereafter4 ,and if there is one clear-cut teaching of the ,master1 it is that the life here determines and with absolute precision the life to come4 ,one need not then concern himself with this or that doctrine1 whether it be true or false4 ,later speculations and theories are not for him4 ,jesus' own saying applies here3 ,if any man will do his will he shall know of the doctrine1 whether it be of ,god4 ,he enters into the ,kingdom1 the ,kingdom of ,heaven here and now2 and when the time comes for him to pass out of this life1 he goes as a joyous pilgrim1 full of anticipation for the ,kingdom that awaits him1 and the ,master's words go with him3 ,in my ,father's house are many mansions4 ,by thus becoming a follower of ,jesus rather than merely a believer in ,jesus1 he gradually comes into possession of insights and powers that the ,master taught would follow in the lives of those who became his followers4 ,the ,holy ,spirit1 the ,divine ,comforter1 of which ,jesus spoke1 the ,spirit of ,truth1 that awaits our bidding1 will lead continually to the highest truth and wisdom and insight and power4 ,kant's statement1 ,the other world is not another locality1 but only another way of seeing things1 is closely allied to the ,master's statement3 ,the ,kingdom of ,god is within you4 ,and closely allied to both is this statement of a modern prophet3 ,the principle of ,christianity and of every true religion is within the soul--the realisation of the incarnation of ,god in every human being4 ,when we turn to ,jesus' own teachings we find that his insistence was not primarily upon the saving of the soul1 but upon the saving of the life for usefulness1 for service1 here and now1 for still higher growth and unfoldment1 whereby the soul might be grown to a sufficient degree that it would be worth the saving4 ,and this is one of the great facts that is now being recognised and preached by the forward-looking men and women in our churches and by many equally religious outside of our churches4 ,and so all aspiring1 all thinking1 forward-looking men and women of our day are not interested any more in theories about1 explanations of1 or dogmas about ,jesus4 ,they are being won and enthralled by the wonderful personality and life of ,jesus4 ,they are being gripped by the power of his teachings4 ,they do not want theories about ,god--they want ,god--and ,god is what ,jesus brought--,god as the moving1 the predominating1 the all-embracing force in the individual life4 ,but he who finds the ,kingdom of ,god1 whose life becomes subject to the ,divine rule and life within1 realises at once also his true relations with the whole--with his neighbour1 his fellow-men4 ,he realises that his neighbour is not merely the man next door1 the man around the corner1 or even the man in the next town or city2 but that his neighbour is every man and every woman in the world--because all children of the same infinite ,father1 all bound in the same direction1 but over many different roads4 ,the man who has come under the influence and the domination of the ,divine rule1 realises that his interests lie in the same direction as the interests of all1 that he cannot gain for himself any good--that is1 any essential good--at the expense of the good of all2 but rather that his interests1 his ,welfare1 and the interests and the welfare of all others are identical4 ,god's rule1 the ,divine rule1 becomes for him1 therefore1 the fundamental rule in the business world1 the dominating rule in political life and action1 the dominating rule in the law and relations of nations4 ,jesus did not look with much favour upon outward form1 ceremony1 or with much favour upon formulated1 or formal religion2 and he somehow or other seemed to avoid the company of those who did4 ,we find him almost continually down among the people1 the poor1 the needy1 the outcast1 the sinner--wherever he could be of service to the ,father1 that is1 wherever he could be of service to the ,father's children4 ,according to the accounts he was not always as careful in regard to those with whom he associated as the more respectable ones1 the more respectable classes of his day thought he should be4 ,they remarked it many times4 ,jesus noticed it and remarked in turn4 ,we find him always where the work was to be done--friend equally of the poor and humble1 and those of station--truly friend of man1 teaching1 helping1 uplifting4 ,and then we find him out on the mountain side--in the quiet1 in communion--to keep his realisation of his oneness with the ,father intact2 and with this help he went down regularly to the people1 trying to lift their minds and lives up to the ,divine ideal that he revealed to them1 that they in turn might realise their real relations one with another1 that the ,kingdom of ,god and ,his righteousness might grow and become the dominating law and force in the world--,thy ,kingdom come1 ,thy ,will be done on earth as it is in ,heaven4 ,it is this ,kingdom idea1 the ,divine rule1 the rule of ,god in all of the relations and affairs of men on earth that is gripping earnest men and women in great numbers among us today4 ,under the leadership of these thinking1 ,god-impelled men and women1 many of our churches are pushing their endeavours out into social service activities along many different lines2 and the result is they are calling into their ranks many able men and women1 especially younger men and women1 who are intensely religious1 but to whom formal1 inactive religion never made any appeal4 ,when the ,church begins actually to throw the ,golden ,rule onto its banner1 not in theory but in actual practice1 actually forgetting self in the ,master's service1 careless even of her own interests1 her membership1 she thereby calls into her ranks vast numbers of the best of the race1 especially among the young1 so that the actual result is a membership not only larger than she could ever hope to have otherwise1 but a membership that commands such respect and that exercises such power1 that she is astounded at her former stupidity in being shackled so long by the traditions of the past4 ,a new life is engendered4 ,there is the joy of real accomplishment4 ,we are in an age of great changes4 ,advancing knowledge necessitates changes4 ,and may ,i say a word here to our ,christian ministry1 that splendid body of men for whom ,i have such supreme admiration8 ,one of the most significant facts of our time is this widespread inclination and determination on the part of such great numbers of thinking men and women to go directly to ,jesus for their information of1 and their inspiration from him4 ,the beliefs and the voice of the laymen1 those in our churches and those out of our churches1 must be taken into account and reckoned with4 ,jesus is too large and too universal a character to be longer the sole possession1 the property of any organisation4 ,there is a splendid body of young men and young women numbering into untold thousands1 who are being captured by the personality and the simple direct message of ,jesus4 ,many of these have caught his spirit and are going off into other lines of the ,master's service4 ,they are doing effective and telling work there4 ,remember that when the spirit of the ,christ seizes a man1 it is through the channel of present-day forms and present-day terms1 not in those of fifteen hundred1 or sixteen hundred1 or even three hundred years ago4 ,there is a spirit of intellectual honesty that prevents many men and women from subscribing to anything to which they cannot give their intellectual assent1 as well as their moral and spiritual assent4 ,they do not object to creeds4 ,they know that a creed is but a statement1 a statement of a man's or a woman's belief1 whether it be in connection with religion1 or in connection with anything else4 ,but what they do object to is dogma1 that unholy thing that lives on credulity1 that is therefore destructive of the intellectual and the moral life of every man and every woman who allows it to lay its paralysing hand upon them1 that can be held to if one is at all honest and given to thought1 only through intellectual chicanery4 ,we must not forget also that ,god is still at work1 revealing ,himself more fully to mankind through modern prophets1 through modern agencies4 ,his revelation is not closed4 ,it is still going on4 ,the silly presumption in the statement therefore--the truth once delivered4 ,it is well occasionally to call to mind these words by ,robert ,burns1 singing free and with an untrammelled mind and soul from his heather-covered hills3 ,here's freedom to him that wad read1 ,here's freedom to him that wad write2 ,there's nane ever feared that the truth should be heared ,but them that the truth wad indict4 ,it is essential to remember that we are in possession of knowledge1 that we are face to face with conditions that are different from any in the previous history of ,christendom4 ,the ,christian church must be sure that it moves fast enough so as not to alienate1 but to draw into it that great body of intellectually alive1 intellectually honest young men and women who have the ,christ spirit of service and who are mastered by a great purpose of accomplishment4 ,remember that these young men and women are now merely standing where the entire church will stand in a few years4 ,remember that any man or woman who has the true spirit of service has the spirit of ,christ--and more1 has the religion of the ,christ4 ,remember that ,jesus formulated no organisation4 ,his message of the ,kingdom was so far-reaching that no organisation could ever possibly encompass it1 though an organisation may be1 and has been1 a great aid in actualising it here on earth4 ,he never made any conditions as to through whom1 or what1 his truth should be spread1 and he would condemn today any instrumentality that would abrogate to itself any monopoly of his truth1 just as he condemned those ecclesiastical authorities of his day who presumed to do the same in connection with the truth of ,god's earlier prophets4 ,and so ,i would say to the ,church--beware and be wise4 ,make your conditions so that you can gain the allegiance and gain the help of this splendid body of young men and young women4 ,many of them are made of the stock that ,jesus would choose as his own apostles4 ,among the young men will be our greatest teachers1 our great financiers1 our best legislators1 our most valuable workers and organisers in various fields of social service1 our most widely read authors1 eminent and influential editorial and magazine writers as well as managers4 ,many of these young women will have high and responsible positions as educators4 ,some will be heads and others will be active workers in our widely extended and valuable women's clubs4 ,some will have a hand in political action1 in lifting politics out of its many-times low condition into its rightful state in being an agent for the accomplishment of the people's best purposes and their highest good4 ,some will be editors of widely circulating and influential women's magazines4 ,some will be mothers1 true mothers of the children of others1 denied their rights and their privileges4 ,make it possible for them1 nay1 make it incumbent upon them to come in1 to work within the great ,church organisation4 ,it cannot afford that they stay out4 ,it is suicidal to keep them out4 ,any other type of organisation that did not look constantly to commanding the services of the most capable and expert in its line would fall in a very few months into the ranks of the ineffectives4 ,a business or a financial organisation that did not do the same would go into financial bankruptcy in even a shorter length of time4 ,by attracting this class of men and women into its ranks it need fear neither moral nor financial bankruptcy4 ,but remember1 many men and women of large calibre are so busy doing ,god's work in the world that they have no time and no inclination to be attracted by anything that does not claim their intellectual as well as their moral assent4 ,the ,church must speak fully and unequivocally in terms of present-day thought and present-day knowledge1 to win the allegiance or even to attract the attention of this type of men and women4 ,and may ,i say here this word to those outside1 and especially to this class of young men and young women outside of our churches8 ,changes1 and therefore advances in matters of this kind come slowly4 ,this is true from the very nature of human nature4 ,inherited beliefs1 especially when it comes to matters of religion1 take the deepest hold and are the slowest to change4 ,not in all cases1 but this is the general rule4 ,those who hold on to the old are earnest1 honest4 ,they believe that these things are too sacred to be meddled with1 or even sometimes1 to be questioned4 ,the ordinary mind is slow to distinguish between tradition and truth--especially where the two have been so fully and so adroitly mixed4 ,many are not in possession of the newer1 the more advanced knowledge in various fields that you are in possession of4 ,but remember this--in even a dozen years a mighty change has taken place--except in a church whose very foundation and whose sole purpose is dogma4 ,in most of our churches1 however1 the great bulk of our ministers are just as forward-looking1 just as earnest as you1 and are deeply desirous of following and presenting the highest truth in so far as it lies within their power to do so4 ,it is a splendid body of men1 willing to welcome you on your own grounds1 longing for your help4 ,it is a mighty engine for good4 ,go into it4 ,work with it4 ,work through it4 ,the best men in the ,church are longing for your help4 ,they need it more than they need anything else4 ,i can assure you of this--,i have talked with many4 ,they feel their handicaps4 ,they are moving as rapidly as they find it possible to move4 ,on the whole1 they are doing splendid work and with a big1 fine spirit of which you know but little4 ,you will find a wonderful spirit of self-sacrifice1 also4 ,you will find a stimulating and precious comradeship on the part of many4 ,you will find that you will get great good1 even as you are able to give great good4 ,the ,church1 as everything else1 needs to keep its machinery in continual repair4 ,help take out the worn-out parts--but not too suddenly4 ,the ,church is not a depository1 but an instrument and engine of truth and righteousness4 ,some of the older men do not realise this2 but they will die off4 ,respect their beliefs4 ,honest men have honest respect for differences of opinion1 for honest differences in thought4 ,sympathy is a great harmoniser4 ,differences of opinion1 intellectual distinctions1 these must ever be--separation of mind1 but unity of heart4 ,i like these words of ,lyman ,abbott4 ,you will like them4 ,they are spoken out of a full life of rich experience and splendid service4 ,they have1 moreover1 a sort of unifying effect4 ,they are more than a tonic3 ,of all characters in history none so gathers into himself and reflects from himself all the varied virtues of a complete manhood as does ,jesus of ,nazareth4 ,and the world is recognising it4444 ,if you go back to the olden time and the old conflicts1 the question was1 ',what is the relation of ,jesus ,christ to the ,eternal8' ,wars have been fought over the question1 ',was he of one substance with the ,father8' ,i do not know2 ,i do not know of what substance the ,father is2 ,i do not know of what substance ,jesus ,christ is4 ,what ,i do know is this--that when ,i look into the actual life that ,i know about1 the men and women that are about me1 the men and women in all the history of the past1 of all the living beings that ever lived and walked the earth1 there is no one that so fills my heart with reverence1 with affection1 with loyal love1 with sincere desire to follow1 as doth ,jesus ,christ4444 ,i do not need to decide whether he was born of a virgin4 ,i do not need to decide whether he rose from the dead4 ,i do not need to decide whether he made water into wine1 or fed five thousand with two loaves and five small fishes4 ,take all that away1 and still he stands the one transcendent figure toward whom the world has been steadily growing1 and whom the world has not yet overtaken even in his teachings4444 ,i do not need to know what is his metaphysical relation to the ,infinite4 ,i say it reverently--,i do not care4 ,i know for me he is the great ,teacher2 ,i know for me he is the great ,leader whose work ,i want to do2 and ,i know for me he is the great ,personality1 whom ,i want to be like4 ,that ,i know4 ,theology did not give that to me1 and theology cannot get it away from me4 ,and what a basis as a test of character is this twofold injunction--this great fundamental of ,jesus6 ,all religion that is genuine flowers in character4 ,it was ,benjamin ,jowett who said1 and most truly3 ,the value of a religion is in the ethical dividend that it pays4 ,when the heart is right towards ,god we have the basis1 the essence of religion--the consciousness of ,god in the soul of man4 ,we have truth in the inward parts4 ,when the heart is right towards the fellow-man we have the essential basis of ethics2 for again we have truth in the inward parts4 ,out of the heart are the issues of life4 ,when the heart is right all outward acts and relations are right4 ,love draws one to the very heart of ,god2 and love attunes one to all the highest and most valued relationships in our human life4 ,fear can never be a basis of either religion or ethics4 ,the one who is moved by fear makes his chief concern the avoidance of detection on the one hand1 or the escape of punishment on the other4 ,men of large calibre have an unusual sagacity in sifting the unessential from the essential as also the false from the true4 ,lincoln1 when replying to the question as to why he did not unite himself with some church organisation1 said3 ,when any church will inscribe over its altar1 as its sole qualification of membership1 the ,saviour's condensed statement of the substance of both law and gospel3 ,thou shalt love the ,lord thy ,god with all thy heart1 and with all thy soul1 and with all thy mind1 and thy neighbour as thyself1 that church shall ,i join with all my heart and soul4 ,he was looked upon by many in his day as a non-,christian--by some as an infidel4 ,his whole life had a profound religious basis1 so deep and so all-absorbing that it gave him those wonderful elements of personality that were instantly and instinctively noticed by1 and that moved all men who came in touch with him2 and that sustained him so wonderfully1 according to his own confession1 through those long1 dark periods of the great crisis1 ,the fact that in yesterday's ,new ,york paper--,sunday paper--,i saw the notice of a sermon in one of our ,presbyterian pulpits--,lincoln1 the ,christian--shows that we have moved up a round and are approaching more and more to an essential ,christianity4 ,similar to this statement or rather belief was that of ,emerson1 ,jefferson1 ,franklin1 and a host of other men among us whose lives have been lives of accomplishment and service for their fellow-men4 ,emerson1 who said3 ,a man should learn to detect and watch that gleam of light which flashes across his mind from within1 more than the lustre of the firmament of bards and sages4 ,yet he dismisses without notice his thought1 because it is his4 ,in every work of genius we recognise our own rejected thoughts4 ,they come back to us with a certain alienated majesty4 ,emerson1 who also said3 ,i believe in the still1 small voice1 and that voice is the ,christ within me4 ,it was he of whom the famous ,father ,taylor in ,boston said3 ,it may be that ,emerson is going to hell1 but of one thing ,i am certain3 he will change the climate there and emigration will set that way4 ,so thought ,jefferson1 who said3 ,i have sworn eternal hostility to every form of tyranny over the minds of men4 ,and as he1 great prophet1 with his own hand penned that immortal document--the ,declaration of ,american ,independence--one can almost imagine the ,galilean prophet standing at his shoulder and saying3 ,thomas1 ,i think it well to write it so4 ,both had a burning indignation for that species of self-seeking either on the part of an individual or an organisation that would seek to enchain the minds and thereby the lives of men and women1 and even lay claim to their children4 ,yet ,jefferson in his time was frequently called an atheist--and merely because men in those days did not distinguish as clearly as we do today between ecclesiasticism and religion1 between formulated and essential ,christianity4 ,so we are brought back each time to ,jesus' two fundamentals--and these come out every time foursquare with the best thought of our time4 ,the religion of ,jesus is thereby prevented from being a mere tribal religion4 ,it is prevented from being merely an organisation that could possibly have his sanction as such--that is1 an organisation that would be able to say3 ,this is his1 and this only4 ,it makes it have a world-wide and eternal content4 ,the ,kingdom that ,jesus taught is infinitely broader in its scope and its inclusiveness than any organisation can be1 or that all organisations combined can be4 ,,ix ,,his ,,purpose ,,of ,,lifting ,,up1 ,,energising1 ,,beautifying1 ,,and ,,saving ,,the ,,entire ,,life3 ,,the ,,saving ,,of ,,the ,,soul ,,is ,,secondary2 ,,but ,,follows ,we have made the statement that ,jesus did unusual things1 but that he did them on account of1 or rather by virtue of1 his unusual insight into and understanding of the laws whereby they could be done4 ,his understanding of the powers of the mind and spirit was intuitive and very great4 ,as an evidence of this were his numerous cases of healing the sick and the afflicted4 ,intuitively he perceived the existence and the nature of the subjective mind1 and in connection with it the tremendous powers of suggestion4 ,intuitively he was able to read1 to diagnose the particular ailment and the cause of the ailment before him4 ,his thought was so poised that it was energised by a subtle and peculiar spiritual power4 ,such confidence did his personality and his power inspire in others that he was able to an unusual degree to reach and to arouse the slumbering subconscious mind of the sufferer and to arouse into action its own slumbering powers whereby the life force of the body could transcend and remould its error-ridden and error-stamped condition4 ,in all these cases he worked through the operation of law--it is exactly what we know of the laws of suggestion today4 ,the remarkable cases of healing that are being accomplished here and there among us today are done unquestionably through the understanding and use of the same laws that ,jesus was the supreme master of4 ,by virtue of his superior insight--his understanding of the laws of the mind and spirit--he was able to use them so fully and so effectively that he did in many cases eliminate the element of time in his healing ministrations4 ,but even he was dependent in practically all cases1 upon the mental cooperation of the one who would be healed4 ,where this was full and complete he succeeded2 where it was not he failed4 ,such at least again and again is the statement in the accounts that we have of these facts in connection with his life and work4 ,there were places where we are told he could do none of his mighty works on account of their unbelief1 and he departed from these places and went elsewhere4 ,many times his question was3 ,believe ye that ,i am able to do this8 ,then3 ,according to your faith be it unto you1 and the healing was accomplished4 ,the laws of mental and spiritual therapeutics are identically the same today as they were in the days of ,jesus and his disciples1 who made the healing of sick bodies a part of their ministration4 ,it is but fair to presume from the accounts that we have that in the early ,church of the ,disciples1 and for well on to two hundred years after ,jesus' time1 the healing of the sick and the afflicted went hand in hand with the preaching and the teaching of the ,kingdom4 ,there are those who believe that it never should have been abandoned4 ,as a well-known writer has said3 ,healing is the outward and practical attestation of the power and genuineness of spiritual religion1 and ought not to have dropped out of the ,church4 ,recent sincere efforts to re-establish it in church practice1 following thereby the ,master's injunction1 is indicative of the thought that is alive in connection with the matter today4,a ,from the accounts that we have ,jesus seems to have engaged in works of healing more during his early than during his later ministry4 ,he may have used it as a means to an end4 ,on account of his great love and sympathy for the physical sufferer as well as for the moral sufferer1 it is but reasonable to suppose that it was an integral part of his announced purpose--the saving of the life1 of the entire life1 for usefulness1 for service1 for happiness4 ,and so we have this young ,galilean prophet1 coming from an hitherto unknown ,jewish family in the obscure little village of ,nazareth1 giving obedience in common with his four brothers and his sisters to his father and his mother2 but by virtue of a supreme aptitude for and an irresistible call to the things of the spirit--made irresistible through his overwhelming love for the things of the spirit--he is early absorbed by the realisation of the truth that ,god is his father and that all men are brothers4 ,the thought that ,god is his father and that he bears a unique and filial relationship to ,god so possesses him that he is filled1 permeated with the burning desire to make this newborn message of truth and thereby of righteousness known to the world4 ,his own native religion1 once vibrating through the souls of the prophets as the voice of ,god1 has become so obscured1 so hedged about1 so killed by dogma1 by ceremony1 by outward observances1 that it has become a mean and pitiable thing1 and produces mean and pitiable conditions in the lives of his people4 ,the institution has become so overgrown that the spirit has gone4 ,but ,god finds another prophet1 clearly and supremely open to ,his spirit1 and ,jesus comes as the ,messiah1 the ,divine ,son of ,god1 the ,divine ,son of ,man1 bringing to the earth a new ,dispensation4 ,it is the message of the ,divine ,fatherhood of ,god1 ,god whose controlling character is love1 and with it the ,divine sonship of man4 ,an integral part of it is--all men are brothers4 ,he comes as the teacher of a new1 a higher righteousness4 ,he brings the message and he expounds the message of the ,kingdom of ,god4 ,all men he teaches must repent and turn from their sins1 and must henceforth live in this ,kingdom4 ,it is an inner kingdom4 ,men shall not say3 ,behold it is here or it is there2 for1 behold1 it is within you4 ,god is your father and ,god longs for your acknowledgment of ,him as your father2 ,he longs for your love even as ,he loves you4 ,you are children of ,god1 but you are not true ,sons of ,god until through desire the ,divine rule and life becomes supreme in your minds and hearts4 ,it is thus that you will find the ,kingdom of ,god4 ,when you do1 then your every act will show forth in accordance with this ,divine ideal and guide1 and the supreme law of conduct in your lives will be love for your neighbour1 for all mankind4 ,through this there will then in time become actualised the ,kingdom of ,heaven on the earth4 ,he comes in no special garb1 no millinery1 no brass bands1 no formulas1 no dogmas1 no organisation other than the ,kingdom1 to uphold and become a slave to1 and in turn be absorbed by1 as was the organisation that he found strangling all religion in the lives of his people and which he so bitterly condemned4 ,what he brought was something infinitely transcending this--the ,kingdom of ,god and ,his righteousness1 to which all men were heirs--equal heirs--and thereby redemption from their sins1 therefore salvation1 the saving of their lives1 would be the inevitable result of their acknowledgment of and allegiance to the ,divine rule4 ,how he embraced all--such human sympathy--coming not to destroy but to fulfil2 not to judge the world but to save the world4 ,how he loved the children6 ,how he loved to have them about him6 ,how he loved their simplicity1 and native integrity of mind and heart6 ,hear him as he says3 ,verily ,i say unto you1 ,whosoever shall not receive the ,kingdom of ,god as a little child1 he shall not enter therein2 and again3 ,suffer the little children to come unto me1 and forbid them not2 for of such is the ,kingdom of ,god4 ,the makers of dogma1 in evolving some three hundred years later on the dogma of the inherent sinfulness and degradation of the human life and soul1 could certainly find not the slightest trace of any basis for it again in these words and acts of ,jesus4 ,we find him sympathising with and mingling with and seeking to draw unto the way of his own life the poor1 the outcast1 the sinner1 the same as the well-to-do and those of station and influence--seeking to draw all through love and knowledge to the ,father4 ,there is a sense of justice and righteousness in his soul1 however1 that balks at oppression1 injustice1 and hypocrisy4 ,he therefore condemns and in scathing terms those and only those who would seek to place any barrier between the free soul of any man and his ,god1 who would bind either the mind or the conscience of man to any prescribed formulas or dogmas4 ,honouring1 therefore the forms that his intelligence and his conscience allowed him to honour1 he disregarded those that they did not4 ,like other good ,jewish rabbis1 for he was looked upon during his ministry and often addressed as ,rabbi1 he taught in the synagogues of his people2 but oftener out on the hillsides and by the lake-side1 under the blue sky and the stars of heaven4 ,giving due reverence to the ,law and the ,prophets--the religion of his people and his own early religion--but in spirit and in discriminating thought so far transcending them1 that the people marvelled at his teachings and said--surely this a prophet come from ,god2 no man ever spoke to us as he speaks4 ,by the ineffable beauty of his life and the love and the winsomeness of his personality1 and by the power of the truths that he taught1 he won the hearts of the common people4 ,they followed him and his following continually increased4 ,through it all1 however1 he incurred the increasing hostility and the increasing hatred of the leaders1 the hierarchy of the existing religious organisation4 ,they were animated by a double motive1 that of protecting themselves1 and that of protecting their established religion4 ,but in their slavery to the organisation1 and because unable to see that it was the spirit of true religion that he brought and taught1 they cruelly put him to death--the same as the organisation established later on in his name1 put numbers of ,god's true prophets1 ,jesus' truest disciples to death1 and essentially for the same reasons4 ,jesus' quick and almost unerring perception enabled him to foresee this4 ,it did not deter him from going forward with his message1 standing resolutely and superbly by his revelation1 and at the last almost courting death--feeling undoubtedly that the sealing of his revelation and message with his very life blood would but serve to give it its greatest power and endurance4 ,heroically he met the fate that he perceived was conspiring to end his career1 to wreck his teachings and his influence4 ,he went forth to die clear-sighted and unafraid4 ,he died for the sake of the truth of the message that he lived and so diligently and heroically laboured for--the message of the ineffable love of ,god for all ,his children and the bringing of them into the ,father's ,kingdom4 ,and we must believe from his whole life's teaching1 not to save their souls from some future punishment2 not through any demand of satisfaction on the part of ,god2 not as any substitutionary sacrifice to appease the demands of an angry ,god--for it was the exact opposite of this that his whole life teaching endeavoured to make known4 ,it was supremely the love of the ,father and ,his longing for the love and allegiance1 therefore the complete life and service of ,his children4 ,it was the beauty of holiness--the beauty of wholeness--the wholeness of life1 the saving of the whole life from the sin and sordidness of self and thereby giving supreme satisfaction to ,god4 ,it was love1 not fear4 ,if not1 then almost in a moment he changed the entire purpose and content1 the entire intent of all his previous life work4 ,this is unthinkable4 ,in his last act he did not abrogate his own expressed statement1 that the very essence of his message was expressed1 as love to ,god and love to one's neighbour4 ,he did not abrogate his continually repeated declaration that it was the ,kingdom of ,god and ,his righteousness1 which brings man's life into right relations with ,god and into right relations with his fellow-men1 that it was his purpose to reveal and to draw all men to1 thereby aiding ,god's eternal purpose--to establish in this world a state which he designated the ,kingdom of ,heaven wherein a social order of brotherliness and justice1 wrought and maintained through the potency of love1 would prevail4 ,in doing this he revealed the character of ,god by being himself an embodiment of it4 ,it was the power of a truth that was to save the life that he was always concerned with4 ,therefore his statement that the ,son of ,man has come that men might have life and might have it more abundantly--to save men from sin and from failure1 and secondarily from their consequences2 to make them true ,sons of ,god and fit subjects and fit workers in ,his ,kingdom4 ,conversion according to ,jesus is the fact of this ,divine rule in the mind and heart whereby the life is saved--the saving of the soul follows4 ,it is the direct concomitant of the saved life4 ,in his death he sealed his own statement3 ,the law and the prophets were until ,john2 since that time the ,kingdom of ,god is preached1 and every man presseth into it4 ,through his death he sealed the message of his life when putting it in another form he said3 ,verily1 verily1 ,i say unto you1 ,he that heareth my word and believeth on ,him that sent me hath everlasting life1 and shall not come into condemnation3 but is passed from death unto life4 ,in this majestic life divinity and humanity meet4 ,here is the incarnation4 ,the first of the race consciously1 vividly1 and fully to realise that ,god incarnates ,himself and has ,his abode in the hearts and the lives of men1 the first therefore to realise his ,divine ,sonship and become able thereby to reveal and to teach the ,divine ,fatherhood of ,god and the ,divine ,sonship of ,man4 ,in this majestic life is the atonement1 the realisation of the at-one-ment of the ,divine in the human1 made manifest in his own life and in the way that he taught1 sealed then by his own blood4 ,in this majestic life we have the mediator1 the medium or connector of the ,divine and the human4 ,in it we have the ,saviour1 the very incarnation of the truth that he taught1 and that lifts the minds and thereby the lives of men up to their ,divine ideal and pattern1 that redeems their lives from the sordidness and selfishness and sin of the hitherto purely material self1 and that being thereby saved1 makes them fit subjects for the ,father's ,kingdom4 ,in this majestic life is the full embodiment of the beauty of holiness--whose words have gone forth and whose spirit is ceaselessly at work in the world1 drawing men and women up to their divine ideal1 and that will continue so to draw all in proportion as his words of truth and his life are lifted up throughout the world4 ,x ,,some ,,methods ,,of ,,attainment ,after this study of the teachings of the ,divine ,master let us know this4 ,it is the material that is the transient1 the temporary2 and the mental and spiritual that is the real and the eternal4 ,we must not become slaves to habit4 ,the material alone can never bring happiness--much less satisfaction4 ,these lie deeper4 ,that conversation between ,jesus and the rich young man is full of significance for us all1 especially in this ambitious1 striving1 restless age4 ,abundance of life is determined not alone by one's material possessions1 but primarily by one's riches of mind and spirit4 ,a world of truth is contained in these words3 ,life is what we are alive to4 ,it is not a length1 but breadth4 ,to be alive only to appetite1 pleasure1 mere luxury or idleness1 pride or money-making1 and not to goodness and kindness1 purity and love1 history1 poetry1 and music1 flowers1 ,god and eternal hopes1 is to be all but dead4 ,why be so eager to gain possession of the hundred thousand or the half-million acres1 of so many millions of dollars8 ,soon1 and it may be before you realise it1 all must be left4 ,it is as if a man made it his ambition to accumulate a thousand or a hundred thousand automobiles4 ,all soon will become junk4 ,but so it is with all material things beyond what we can actually and profitably use for our good and the good of others--and that we actually do so use4 ,a man can eat just so many meals during the year or during life4 ,if he tries to eat more he suffers thereby4 ,he can wear only so many suits of clothing2 if he tries to wear more1 he merely wears himself out taking off and putting on4 ,again it is as ,jesus said3 ,for what shall it profit a man1 if he gain the whole world and lose his own life8 ,and right there is the crux of the whole matter4 ,all the time spent in accumulating these things beyond the reasonable amount1 is so much taken from the life--from the things of the mind and the spirit4 ,it is in the development and the pursuit of these that all true satisfaction lies4 ,elemental law has so decreed4 ,we have made wonderful progress1 or rather have developed wonderful skill in connection with things4 ,we need now to go back and catch up the thread and develop like skill in making the life4 ,little wonder that brains are addled1 that nerves are depleted1 that nervous dyspepsia1 that chronic weariness1 are not the exception but rather the rule4 ,little wonder that sanitariums are always full2 that asylums are full and overflowing--and still more to be built4 ,no wonder that so many men1 so many good men break and go to pieces1 and so many lose the life here at from fifty to sixty years1 when they should be in the very prime of life1 in the full vigour of manhood2 at the very age when they are capable of enjoying life the most and are most capable of rendering the greatest service to their fellows1 to their community1 because of greater growth1 experience1 means1 and therefore leisure4 ,jesus was right--,what doth it profit8 ,and think of the real riches that in the meantime are missed4 ,it is like an addled-brain driver in making a trip across the continent4 ,he is possessed1 obsessed with the insane desire of making a record4 ,he plunges on and on night and day1 good weather and foul--and all the time he is missing all the beauties1 all the benefits to health and spirit along the way4 ,he has none of these when he arrives--he has missed them all4 ,he has only the fact that he has made a record drive--or nearly made one4 ,and those with him he has not only robbed of the beauties along the way2 but he has subjected them to all the discomforts along the way4 ,and what really underlies the making of a record8 ,it is primarily the spirit of vanity4 ,when the mental beauties of life1 when the spiritual verities are sacrificed by self-surrender to and domination by the material1 one of the heavy penalties that inexorable law imposes is the drying up1 so to speak1 of the finer human perceptions--the very faculties of enjoyment4 ,it presents to the world many times1 and all unconscious to himself1 a stunted1 shrivelled human being--that eternal type that the ,master had in mind when he said3 ,thou fool1 this night shall thy soul be required of thee4 ,he whose sole employment or even whose primary employment becomes the building of bigger and still bigger barns to take care of his accumulated grain1 becomes incapable of realising that life and the things that pertain to it are of infinitely more value than barns1 or houses1 or acres1 or stocks1 or bonds1 or railroad ties4 ,these all have their place1 all are of value2 but they can never be made the life4 ,a recent poem by ,james ,oppenheim presents a type that is known to nearly every one3,b ,i heard the preacher preaching at the funeral3 ,he moved the relatives to tears telling them of the father1 husband1 and friend that was dead3 ,of the sweet memories left behind him3 ,of a life that was good and kind4 ,i happened to know the man1 ,and ,i wondered whether the relatives would have wept if the preacher had told the truth3 ,let us say like this3 ,the only good thing this man ever did in his life1 ,was day before yesterday3 ,he died4444 ,but he didn't even do that of his own volition4444 ,he was the meanest man in business on ,manhattan ,island1 ,the most treacherous friend1 the crudest and stingiest husband1 ,and a father so hard that his children left home as soon as they were old enough4444 ,of course he had divinity3 everything human has3 ,but he kept it so carefully hidden away that he might just as well not have had it4444 ,wife6 good cheer6 now you can go your own way and live your own life6 ,children1 give praise6 you have his money3 the only good thing he ever gave you4444 ,friends6 you have one less traitor to deal with4444 ,this is indeed a day of rejoicing and exultation6 ,thank ,god this man is dead6 ,an unknown enjoyment and profit to him is the world's great field of literature1 the world's great thinkers1 the inspirers of so many through all the ages4 ,that splendid verse by ,emily ,dickinson means as much to him as it would to a dumb stolid ox3 ,he ate and drank the precious words1 ,his spirit grew robust1 ,he knew no more that he was poor1 ,nor that his frame was dust2 ,he danced along the dingy days1 ,and this bequest of wings ,was but a book6 ,what liberty ,a loosened spirit brings6 ,yes1 life and its manifold possibilities of unfoldment and avenues of enjoyment--life1 and the things that pertain to it--is an infinitely greater thing than the mere accessories of life4 ,what infinite avenues of enjoyment1 what peace of mind1 what serenity of soul may be the possession of all men and all women who are alive to the inner possibilities of life as portrayed by our own prophet1 ,emerson1 when he said3 ,oh1 when ,i am safe in my sylvan home1 ,i tread on the pride of ,greece and ,rome2 ,and when ,i am stretched beneath the pines1 ,where the evening star so holy shines1 ,i laugh at the lore and pride of man1 ,at the ,sophist schools and the learned clan2 ,for what are they all in their high conceit1 ,when man in the bush with ,god may meet8 ,it was he who has exerted such a world-wide influence upon the minds and lives of men and women who also said3 ,great men are they who see that spirituality is stronger than any material force3 that thoughts rule the world4 ,and this is true not only of the world in general1 but it is true likewise in regard to the individual life4 ,one of the great secrets of all successful living is unquestionably the striking of the right balance in life4 ,the material has its place--and a very important place4 ,fools indeed were we to ignore or to attempt to ignore this fact4 ,we cannot1 however1 except to our detriment1 put the cart before the horse4 ,things may contribute to happiness1 but things cannot bring happiness--and sad indeed1 and crippled and dwarfed and stunted becomes the life of every one who is not capable of realising this fact4 ,eternally true indeed is it that the life is more than meat and the body more than raiment4 ,all life is from an inner centre outward4 ,as within1 so without4 ,as we think we become4 ,which means simply this3 our prevailing thoughts and emotions are never static1 but dynamic4 ,thoughts are forces--like creates like1 and like attracts like4 ,it is therefore for us to choose whether we shall be interested primarily in the great spiritual forces and powers of life1 or whether we shall be interested solely in the material things of life4 ,but there is a wonderful law which we must not lose sight of4 ,it is to the effect that when we become sufficiently alive to the inner powers and forces1 to the inner springs of life1 the material things of life will not only follow in a natural and healthy sequence1 but they will also assume their right proportions4 ,they will take their right places4 ,it was the recognition of this great fundamental fact of life that ,jesus had in mind when he said3 ,but rather seek ye the kingdom of ,god2 and all these things shall be added unto you1--meaning1 as he so distinctly stated1 the kingdom of the mind and spirit made open and translucent to the leading of the ,divine ,wisdom inherent in the human soul1 when that leading is sought and when through the right ordering of the mind we make the conditions whereby it may become operative in the individual life4 ,the great value of ,god as taught by ,jesus is that ,god dwells in us4 ,it is truly ,emmanuel--,god with us4 ,the law must be observed--the conditions must be met4 ,the ,lord is with you while ye be with him2 and if ye will seek him1 he will be found of you4 ,the spirit of the living ,god dwelleth in you4 ,if any of you lack wisdom1 let him ask of ,god1 that giveth to all men liberally1 and upbraideth not2 and it shall be given him4 ,but let him ask in faith1 nothing wavering4 ,that there is a ,divine law underlying prayer that helps to release the inner springs of wisdom1 which in turn leads to power1 was well known to ,jesus1 for his life abundantly proved it4 ,his great aptitude for the things of the spirit enabled him intuitively to realise this1 to understand it1 to use it4 ,and there was no mystery1 no secret1 no subterfuge on the part of ,jesus as to the source of his power4 ,in clear and unmistakable words he made it known--and why should he not8 ,it was the truth1 the truth of this inner kingdom that would make men free that he came to reveal4 ,the words that ,i speak unto you ,i speak not of myself3 but the ,father that dwelleth in me1 he doeth the works4 ,my ,father worketh hitherto and ,i work4444 ,for as the ,father hath life in himself2 so hath he given to the ,son to have life in himself4444 ,i can of mine own self do nothing4 ,as he followed the conditions whereby this higher illumination can come so must we4 ,the injunction that ,jesus gave in regard to prayer is unquestionably the method that he found so effective and that he himself used4 ,how many times we are told that he withdrew to the mountain for his quiet period1 for communion with the ,father1 that the realisation of his oneness with ,god might be preserved intact4 ,in this continual realisation--,i and my ,father are one--lay his unusual insight and power4 ,and his distinct statement which he made in speaking of his own powers--as ,i am ye shall be--shows clearly the possibilities of human unfoldment and attainment1 since he realised and lived and then revealed the way4 ,were not this ,divine source of wisdom and power the heritage of every human soul1 distinctly untrue then would be ,jesus' saying3 ,for every one that asketh1 receiveth2 and he that seeketh1 findeth2 and to him that knocketh1 it shall be opened4 ,infinitely better is it to know that one has this inner source of guidance and wisdom which as he opens himself to it becomes continually more distinct1 more clear and more unerring in its guidance1 than to be continually seeking advice from outside sources1 and being confused in regard to the advice given4 ,this is unquestionably the way of the natural and the normal life1 made so simple and so plain by ,jesus1 and that was foreshadowed by ,isaiah when he said3 ,hast thou not known8 ,hast thou not heard that the everlasting ,god1 the ,lord1 the ,creator of the ends of the earth fainteth not1 neither is weary8 ,he giveth power to the faint and to them that have no might he increaseth strength4 ,even the youths shall faint and be weary1 and the young men shall utterly fall4 ,but they that wait upon the ,lord shall renew their strength2 they shall mount up with wings as eagles2 they shall run1 and not be weary2 they shall walk1 and not faint4 ,not that problems and trials will not come4 ,they will come4 ,there never has been and there never will be a life free from them4 ,life isn't conceivable on any other terms4 ,but the wonderful source of consolation and strength1 the source that gives freedom from worry and freedom from fear is the realisation of the fact that the guiding force and the moulding power is within us4 ,it becomes active and controlling in the degree that we realise and in the degree that we are able to open ourselves so that the ,divine intelligence and power can speak to and can work through us4 ,judicious physical exercise induces greater bodily strength and vigour4 ,an active and alert mental life1 in other words mental activity1 induces greater intellectual power4 ,and under the same general law the same is true in regard to the development and the use of spiritual power4 ,it1 however1 although the most important of all because it has to do more fundamentally with the life itself1 we are most apt to neglect4 ,the losses1 moreover1 resulting from this neglect are almost beyond calculation4 ,to establish one's centre aright is to make all of life's activities and events and results flow from this centre in orderly sequence4 ,a modern writer of great insight has said3 ,the understanding that ,god is1 and all there is1 will establish you upon a foundation from which you can never be moved4 ,to know that the power that is ,god is the power that works in us is knowledge of transcendent import4 ,to know that the spirit of ,infinite wisdom and power which is the creating1 the moving1 and the sustaining force in all life1 thinks and acts in and through us as our own very life1 in the degree that we consciously and deliberately desire it to become the guiding and the animating force in our lives1 and open ourselves fully to its leadings1 and follow its leadings1 is to attain to that state of conscious oneness with the ,divine that ,jesus realised1 lived and revealed1 and that he taught as the method of the natural and the normal life for all men4 ,we are so occupied with the matters of the sense-life that all unconsciously we become dominated1 ruled by the things of the senses4 ,now in the real life there is the recognition of the fact that the springs of life are all from within1 and that the inner always leads and rules the outer4 ,under the elemental law of ,cause and ,effect this is always done--whether we are conscious of it or not4 ,but the difference lies here3 ,the master of life consciously and definitely allies himself in mind and spirit with the great central ,force and rules his world from within4 ,the creature of circumstances1 through lack of desire or through weakness of will1 fails to do this1 and1 lacking guiding and directing force1 drifts and becomes thereby the creature of circumstance4 ,one of deep insight has said3 ,that we do not spontaneously see and know ,god1 as we see and know one another1 and so manifest the ,god-nature as we do the sense-nature1 is because that nature is yet latent1 and in a sense slumbering within us4 ,yet the ,god-nature within us connects us as directly and vitally with the ,being and ,kingdom of ,god within1 behind1 and above the world1 as does the sense-nature with the world external to us4 ,hence as the sense-consciousness was awakened and established by the recognition of and communication with the outward world through the senses1 so the ,god-consciousness must be awakened by the corresponding recognition of1 and communication with the ,being and ,kingdom of ,god through intuition--the spiritual sense of the inner man4444 ,the true prayer--the prayer of silence--is the only door that opens the soul to the direct revelation of ,god1 and brings thereby the realisation of the ,god-nature in ourselves4 ,as the keynote to the world of sense is activity1 so the keynote to spiritual light and power is quiet4 ,the individual consciousness must be brought into harmony with the ,cosmic consciousness4 ,paul speaks of the sons of ,god4 ,and in a single sentence he describes what he means by the term--,for as many as are led by the ,spirit of ,god1 they are the sons of ,god4 ,an older prophet has said3 ,the ,lord in the midst of thee is mighty4 ,jesus with his deep insight perceived the identity of his real life with the ,divine life1 the indwelling ,wisdom and ,power1--the ,father in me4 ,the whole course of his ministry was his attempt to show those who listened to him how he was related to the ,father1 and to teach them that they were related to the same ,father in exactly the same way4 ,there is that within man that is illumined and energised through the touch of ,his spirit4 ,we can bring our minds into rapport1 into such harmony and connection with the infinite ,divine mind that it speaks in us1 directs us1 and therefore acts through us as our own selves4 ,through this connection we become illumined by ,divine wisdom and we become energised by ,divine power4 ,it is ours1 then1 to act under the guidance of this higher wisdom and in all forms of expression to act and to work augmented by this higher power4 ,the finite spirit1 with all its limitations1 becomes at its very centre in rapport with ,infinite spirit1 its ,source4 ,the finite thereby becomes the channel through which the ,infinite can and does work4 ,to use an apt figure1 it is the moving of the switch whereby we connect our wires as it were with the central dynamo which is the force that animates1 that gives and sustains life in the universe4 ,it is making actual the proposition that was enunciated by ,emerson when he said3 ,every soul is not only the inlet1 but may become the outlet of all there is in ,god4 ,significant also in this connection is his statement3 ,the only sin is limitation4 ,it is the actualising of the fact that in ,him we live and move and have our being1 with its inevitable resultant that we become strong in the ,lord and in the power of ,his might4 ,there is perhaps no more valuable way of realising this end1 than to adopt the practice of taking a period each day for being alone in the quiet1 a half hour1 even a quarter hour2 stilling the bodily senses and making oneself receptive to the higher leadings of the spirit--receptive to the impulses of the soul4 ,this is following the master's practice and example of communion with the ,father4 ,things in this universe and in human life do not happen4 ,all is law and sequence4 ,the elemental law of cause and effect is universal and unvarying4 ,in the realm of spirit law is as definite as in the realm of mechanics--in the realm of all material forces4 ,if we would have the leading of the spirit1 if we would perceive the higher intuitions and be led intuitively1 bringing the affairs of the daily life thereby into the ,divine sequence1 we must observe the conditions whereby these leadings can come to us1 and in time become habitual4 ,the law of the spirit is quiet--to be followed by action--but quiet1 the more readily to come into a state of harmony with the ,infinite ,intelligence that works through us1 and that leads us as our own intelligence when through desire and through will1 we are able to bring our subconscious minds into such attunement that it can act through us1 and we are able to catch its messages and follow its direction4 ,but to listen and to observe the conditions whereby we can listen is essential4 ,jesus' own words as well as his practice apply here4 ,after his admonition against public prayer1 or prayer for show1 or prayer of much speaking1 he said3 ,but thou1 when thou prayest1 enter into thy closet1 and when thou hast shut thy door1 pray to thy ,father which is in secret2 and thy ,father which seeth in secret1 shall reward thee openly4 ,now there are millions of men1 women1 and children in the world who have no closets4 ,there are great numbers of others who have no access to them sometimes for days1 or weeks1 or months at a time4 ,it is evident1 therefore1 that in the word that has been rendered closet he meant--enter into the quiet recesses of your own soul that you may thus hold communion with the ,father4 ,now the value of prayer is not that ,god will change or order any laws or forces to suit the numerous and necessarily the diverse petitions of any4 ,all things are through law1 and law is fixed and inexorable4 ,the value of prayer1 of true prayer1 is that through it one can so harmonise his life with the ,divine order that intuitive perceptions of truth and a greater perception and knowledge of law becomes his possession4 ,as has been said by an able contemporary thinker and writer3 ,we cannot form a passably thorough notion of man without saturating it through and through with the idea of a cosmic inflow from outside his world life--the inflow of ,god4 ,without a large consciousness of the universe beyond our knowledge1 few men1 if any1 have done great things4,c ,i shall always remember with great pleasure and profit a call a few days ago from ,dr4 ,edward ,emerson of ,concord1 ,emerson's eldest son4 ,happily ,i asked him in regard to his father's methods of work--if he had any regular methods4 ,he replied in substance3 ,it was my father's custom to go daily to the woods--to listen4 ,he would remain there an hour or more in order to get whatever there might be for him that day4 ,he would then come home and write into a little book--his 'day-book'--what he had gotten4 ,later on when it came time to write a book1 he would transcribe from this1 in their proper sequence and with their proper connections1 these entrances of the preceding weeks or months4 ,the completed book became virtually a ledger formed or posted from his day-books4 ,the prophet is he who so orders his life that he can adequately listen to the voice1 the revelations of the over soul1 and who truthfully transcribes what he hears or senses4 ,he is not a follower of custom or of tradition4 ,he can never become and can never be made the subservient tool of an organisation4 ,his aim and his mission is rather to free men from ignorance1 superstition1 credulity1 from half truths1 by leading them into a continually larger understanding of truth1 of law--and therefore of righteousness4 ,it was more than a mere poetic idea that ,lowell gave utterance to when he said3 ,the thing we long for1 that we are ,for one transcendent moment4 ,to establish this connection1 to actualise this ,god-consciousness1 that it may not be for one transcendent moment1 but that it may become constant and habitual1 so that every thought arises1 and so that every act goes forth from this centre1 is the greatest good that can come into the possession of man4 ,there is nothing greater4 ,it is none other than the realisation of ,jesus' injunction--,seek ye first the ,kingdom of ,god and ,his righteousness1 and all these things shall be added unto you4 ,it is then that he said--,do not worry about your life4 ,your mind and your will are under the guidance of the ,divine mind2 your every act goes out under this direction and all things pertaining to your life will fall into their proper places4 ,therefore do not worry about your life4 ,when a man finds his centre1 when he becomes centred in the ,infinite1 then redemption takes place4 ,he is redeemed from the bondage of the senses4 ,he lives thereafter under the guidance of the spirit1 and this is salvation4 ,it is a new life that he has entered into4 ,he lives in a new world1 because his outlook is entirely new4 ,he is living now in the ,kingdom of ,heaven4 ,heaven means harmony4 ,he has brought his own personal mind and life into harmony with the ,divine mind and life4 ,he becomes a coworker with ,god4 ,it is through such men and women that ,god's plans and purposes are carried out4 ,they not only hear but they interpret for others ,god's voice4 ,they are the prophets of our time and the prophets of all time4 ,they are doing ,god's work in the world1 and in so doing they are finding their own supreme satisfaction and happiness4 ,they are not looking forward to the ,eternal life4 ,they realise that they are now in the ,eternal life1 and that there is no such thing as eternal life if this life that we are now in is not it4 ,when the time comes for them to stop their labours here1 they look forward without fear and with anticipation to the change1 the transition to the other form of life--but not to any other life4 ,the words of ,whitman embody a spirit of anticipation and of adventure for them3 ,joy1 ,shipmate1 joy6 7,pleas'd to my soul at death ,i cry7 ,one life is closed1 one life begun1 ,the long1 long anchorage we leave1 ,the ship is clear at last1 she leaps4 ,joy1 ,shipmate1 joy6 ,they have an abiding faith that they will take up the other form of life exactly where they left it off here4 ,being in heaven now they will be in heaven when they awake to the continuing beauties of the life subsequent to their transition4 ,such we might also say is the teaching of ,jesus regarding the highest there is in life here and the best there is in the life hereafter4 ,,xi ,,some ,,methods ,,of ,,expression ,the life of the ,spirit1 or1 in other words1 the true religious life1 is not a life of mere contemplation or a life of inactivity4 ,as ,fichte1 in ,the ,way ,toward the ,blessed ,life1 has said3 ,true religion1 notwithstanding that it raises the view of those who are inspired by it to its own region1 nevertheless1 retains their ,life firmly in the domain of action1 and of right moral action4444 ,religion is not a business by and for itself which a man may practise apart from his other occupations1 perhaps on certain fixed days and hours2 but it is the inmost spirit that penetrates1 inspires1 and pervades all our ,thought and ,action1 which in other respects pursue their appointed course without change or interruption4 ,that the ,divine ,life and ,energy actually lives in us is inseparable from ,religion4 ,how thoroughly this is in keeping with the thought of the highly illumined seer1 ,swedenborg1 is indicated when he says3 ,the ,lord's ,kingdom is a ,kingdom of ends and uses4 ,and again3 ,forsaking the world means loving ,god and the neighbour2 and ,god is loved when a man lives according to ,his commandments1 and the neighbour is loved when a man performs uses4 ,and still again3 ,to be of use means to desire the welfare of others for the sake of the common good2 and not to be of use means to desire the welfare of others not for the sake of the common good but for one's own sake4444 ,in order that man may receive heavenly life he must live in the world and engage in its business and occupations1 and thus by a moral and civil life acquire spiritual life4 ,in no other way can spiritual life be generated in man1 or his spirit be prepared for heaven4 ,we hear much today both in various writings and in public utterances of the spiritual and the spiritual life4 ,i am sure that to the great majority of men and women the term spiritual1 or better1 the spiritual life1 means something1 but something by no means fully tangible or clear-cut4 ,i shall be glad indeed if ,i am able to suggest a more comprehensible concept of it1 or putting it in another form and better perhaps1 to present a more clear-cut portraiture of the spiritual life in expression--in action4 ,and first let us note that in the mind and in the teachings of ,jesus there is no such thing as the secular life and the religious life4 ,his ministry pertained to every phase of life4 ,the truth that he taught was a truth that was to permeate every thought and every act of life4 ,we make our arbitrary divisions4 ,we are too apt to deny the fact that the ,lord is the ,lord of the week-day1 the same as ,he is the ,lord of the ,sabbath4 ,jesus refused to be bound by any such consideration4 ,he taught that every act that is a good act1 every act that is of service to mankind is not only a legitimate act to be done on the ,sabbath day1 but an act that should be performed on the ,sabbath day4 ,and any act that is not right and legitimate for the ,sabbath day is neither right nor legitimate for the week-day4 ,in other words1 it is the spirit of righteousness that must permeate and must govern every act of life and every moment of life4 ,in seeking to define the spiritual life1 it were better to regard the world as the expression of the ,divine mind4 ,the spirit is the life2 the world and all things in it1 the material to be moulded1 raised1 and transmuted from the lower to the higher4 ,this is indeed the law of evolution1 that has been through all the ages and that today is at work4 ,it is the ,god-,power that is at work and every form of useful activity that helps on with this process of lifting and bettering is a form of ,divine activity4 ,if therefore we recognise the one ,divine life working in and through all1 the animating force1 therefore the ,life of all1 and if we are consciously helping in this process we are spiritual men4 ,no man of intelligence can fail to recognise the fact that life is more important than things4 ,life is the chief thing1 and material things are the elements that minister to1 that serve the purposes of the life4 ,whoever does anything in the world to preserve life1 to better its conditions1 who1 recognising the ,divine force at work lifting life up always to better1 finer conditions1 is doing ,god's work in the world--because cooperating with the great ,cosmic world plan4 ,the ideal1 then1 is men and women of the spirit1 open and responsive always to its guidance1 recognising the ,divine plan and the ,divine ideal1 working cooperatively in the world to make all conditions of life fairer1 finer1 more happy4 ,he who lives and works not as an individual1 that is not for his good alone1 but who recognises the essential oneness of life--is carrying out his share of the ,divine plan4 ,a man may be unusually gifted2 he may have unusual ability in business1 in administration2 he may be a giant in finance1 in administration1 but if for self alone1 if lack of vision blinds him to the great ,divine plan1 if he does not recognise his relative place and value2 if he gains his purposes by selfishness1 by climbing over others1 by indifference to human pain or suffering--oblivious to human welfare--his ways are the ways of the jungle4 ,his mind and his life are purely sordid1 grossly and blindly self-centred--wholly material4 ,he gains his object1 but by ,divine law not happiness1 not satisfaction1 not peace4 ,he is outside the ,kingdom of ,heaven--the kingdom of harmony4 ,he is living and working out of harmony with the ,divine mind that is evolving a higher order of life in the world4 ,he is blind too1 he is working against the ,divine plan4 ,now what is the ,divine call8 ,can he be made into a spiritual man8 ,yes4 ,a different understanding1 a different motive1 a different object--then will follow a difference in methods4 ,instead of self alone he will have a sense of1 he will have a call to service4 ,and this man1 formerly a hinderer in the ,divine plan1 becomes a spiritual giant4 ,his splendid powers and his qualities do not need to be changed4 ,merely his motives and thereby his methods1 and he is changed into a giant engine of righteousness4 ,he is a part of the great world force and plan4 ,he is doing his part in the great world work--he is a coworker with ,god4 ,and here lies salvation4 ,saved from self and the dwarfed and stunted condition that will follow1 his spiritual nature unfolds and envelops his entire life4 ,his powers and his wealth are thereafter to bless mankind4 ,but behold6 by another great fundamental law of life in doing this he is blessed ten1 a hundred1 a millionfold4 ,material prosperity is or may become a true gain1 a veritable blessing4 ,but it can become a curse to the world and still more to its possessor when made an end in itself1 and at the expense of all the higher attributes and powers of human life4 ,we have reason to rejoice that a great change of estimate has not only begun but is now rapidly creeping over the world4 ,he of even a generation ago who piled and piled1 but who remained ignorant of the more fundamental laws of life1 blind to the law of mutuality and service1 would be regarded today as a low1 beastly type4 ,i speak advisedly4 ,it is this obedience to the life of the spirit that ,whitman had in mind when he said3 ,and whoever walks a furlong without sympathy walks to his own funeral drest in his shroud4 ,it was the full flowering of the law of mutuality and service that he saw when he said3 ,i saw a city invincible to the attacks of the whole of the rest of the earth4 ,i dream'd that it was the new ,city of ,friends4 ,nothing was greater there than the quality of robust love2 it led the rest4 ,it was seen every hour in the actions of the men of that city and in all their looks and words4 ,it is through obedience to this life of the spirit that order is brought out of chaos in the life of the individual and in the life of the community1 in the business world1 the labour world1 and in our great world relations4 ,but in either case1 we men and women of ,christendom1 to be a ,christian is not only to be good1 but to be good for something4 ,according to the teachings of the ,master true religion is not only personal salvation1 but it is giving one's self through all of one's best efforts to actualise the ,kingdom of ,heaven here on earth4 ,the finding of the ,kingdom is not only personal but social and world-affirming--and in the degree that it becomes fully and vitally personal will it become so4 ,a man who is not right with his fellow-men is not right and cannot be right with ,god4 ,this is coming to be the clear-cut realisation of all progressive religious thought today4 ,since men are free from the trammels of an enervating dogma that through fear made them seek1 or rather that made them contented with religion as primarily a system of rewards and punishments1 they are now awakening to the fact that the logical carrying out of ,jesus' teaching of the ,kingdom is the establishing here on this earth of an order of life and hence of a society where greater love and cooperation and justice prevail4 ,our rapidly growing present-day conception of ,christianity makes it not world-renouncing1 but world-affirming4 ,this modern conception of the function of a true and vital ,christianity makes it the task of the immediate future to apply ,christianity to trade1 to commerce1 to labour relations1 to all social relations1 to international relations4 ,and1 in the wider field of religious thought1 says a writer in a great international religious paper1 what truer service can we render than to strip theology of all that is unreal or needlessly perplexing1 and make it speak plainly and humanly to people who have their duty to do and their battle to fight8 ,it makes intelligent1 sympathetic1 and helpful living take the place of the tooth and the claw1 the growl and the deadly hiss of the jungle--all right in their places1 but with no place in human living4 ,the growing realisation of the interdependence of all life is giving a new standard of action and attainment1 and a new standard of estimate4 ,jesus' criterion is coming into more universal appreciation3 ,he that is greatest among you shall be as he who serves4 ,through this fundamental law of life there are responsibilities that cannot be evaded or shirked--and of him to whom much is given much is required4 ,it was ,president ,wilson who recently said3 ,it is to be hoped that these obvious truths will come to more general acceptance2 that honest business will quit thinking that it is attacked when loaded-dice business is attacked2 that the mutuality of interest between employer and employee will receive ungrudging admission2 and1 finally1 that men of affairs will lend themselves more patriotically to the work of making democracy an efficient instrument for the promotion of human welfare4 ,it cannot be said that they have done so in the past4444 ,as a consequence1 many necessary things have been done less perfectly without their assistance that could have been done more perfectly with their expert aid4 ,he is by no means alone in recognising this fact4 ,nor is he at all blind to the great change that is already taking place4 ,in a recent public address in ,new ,york1 the head of one of the largest plants in the world1 and who starting with nothing has accumulated a fortune of many millions1 said3 ,the only thing ,i am proud of--prouder of than that ,i have amassed a great fortune--is that ,i established the first manual training school in ,pennsylvania4 ,the greatest delight of my life is to see the advancement of the young men who have come up about me4 ,this growing sense of personal responsibility1 and still better1 of personal interest1 this giving of one's abilities and one's time1 in addition to one's means1 is the beginning of the fulfilment of what ,i have long thought3 namely1 the great gain that will accrue to numberless communities and to the nation1 when men of great means1 men of great business and executive ability1 give of their time and their abilities for the accomplishment of those things for the public welfare that otherwise would remain undone1 or that would remain unduly delayed4 ,what a gain will result also to those who so do in the joy and satisfaction resulting from this higher type of accomplishment hallowed by the undying element of human service6 ,you keep silent too much4 ,have great leaders1 and the rest will follow1 said ,whitman4 ,the gift of your abilities while you live would be of priceless worth for the establishing and the maintenance of a fairer1 a healthier1 and a sweeter life in your community1 your city1 your country4 ,it were better to do this and to be contented with a smaller accumulation than to have it so large or even so excessive1 and when the summons comes to leave it to two or three or to half a dozen who cannot possibly have good use for it all1 and some of whom perchance would be far better off without it1 or without so much4 ,by so doing you would be leaving something still greater to them as well as to hundreds or thousands of others4 ,significant in this connection are these words by a man of wealth and of great public service3,d ,on the whole1 the individualistic age has not been a success1 either for the individual1 or the community in which he has lived1 or the nation4 ,we are1 beyond question1 entering on a period where the welfare of the community takes precedence over the interests of the individual and where the liberty of the individual will be more and more circumscribed for the benefit of the community as a whole4 ,man's activities will hereafter be required to be not only for himself but for his fellow-men4 ,to my mind there is nothing in the signs of the times so certain as this4 ,the man of exceptional ability1 of more than ordinary talent1 will hereafter look for his rewards1 for his honours1 not in one direction but in two--first1 and foremost1 in some public work accomplished1 and1 secondarily1 in wealth acquired4 ,in place of having it said of him at his death that he left so many hundred thousand dollars it will be said that he rendered a certain amount of public service1 and1 incidentally1 left a certain amount of money4 ,such a goal will prove a far greater satisfaction to him1 he will live a more rational1 worthwhile life1 and he will be doing his share to provide a better country in which to live4 ,we face new conditions1 and in order to survive and succeed we shall require a different spirit of public service4 ,i am well aware of the fact that the mere accumulation of wealth is not1 except in very rare cases1 the controlling motive in the lives of our wealthy men of affairs4 ,it is rather the joy and the satisfaction of achievement4 ,but nevertheless it is possible1 as has so often proved1 to get so much into a habit and thereby into a rut1 that one becomes a victim of habit2 and the life with all its superb possibilities of human service1 and therefore of true greatness1 becomes side-tracked and abortive4 ,there are so many different lines of activity for human betterment for children1 for men and women1 that those of great executive and financial ability have wonderful opportunities4 ,greatness comes always through human service4 ,as there is no such thing as finding happiness by searching for it directly1 so there is no such thing as achieving greatness by seeking it directly4 ,it comes not primarily through brilliant intellect1 great talents1 but primarily through the heart4 ,it is determined by the way that brilliant intellect1 great talents are used4 ,it is accorded not to those who seek it directly4 ,by an indirect law it is accorded to those who1 forgetting self1 give and thereby lose their lives in human service4 ,both poet and prophet is ,edwin ,markham when he says3 ,we men of earth have here the stuff ,of ,paradise--we have enough6 ,we need no other stones to build ,the stairs into the ,unfulfilled-- ,no other ivory for the doors-- ,no other marble for the floors-- ,no other cedar for the beam ,and dome of man's immortal dream4 ,here on the paths of every day-- ,here on the common human way1 ,is all the stuff the gods would take ,to build a ,heaven2 to mould and make ,new ,edens4 ,ours the stuff sublime ,to build ,eternity in time6 ,this putting of divinity into life and raising thereby an otherwise sordid life up to higher levels and thereby to greater enjoyments1 is the power that is possessed equally by those of station and means1 and by those in the more humble or even more lowly walks of life4 ,when your life is thus touched by the spirit of ,god1 when it is ruled by this inner ,kingdom1 when your constant prayer1 as the prayer of every truly religious man or woman will be--,lord1 what wilt ,thou have me to do8 ,my one desire is that ,thy will be my will1 and therefore that ,thy will be done in me and through me--then you are living the ,divine life2 you are a coworker with ,god4 ,and whether your life according to accepted standards be noted or humble it makes no difference--you are fulfilling your ,divine mission4 ,you should be1 you cannot help being fearless and happy4 ,you are a part of the great creative force in the world4 ,you are doing a man's or a woman's work in the world1 and in so doing you are not unimportant2 you are essential4 ,the joy of true accomplishment is yours4 ,you can look forward always with sublime courage and expectancy4 ,the life of the most humble can thus become an exalted life4 ,mother1 watching over1 cleaning1 feeding1 training1 and educating your brood2 seamstress1 working1 with a touch of the ,divine in all you do--it must be done by some one--allow it to be done by none better than by you4 ,farmer1 tilling your soil1 gathering your crops1 caring for your herds2 you are helping feed the world4 ,there is nothing more important4 ,who digs a well1 or plants a seed1 ,a sacred pact he keeps with sun and sod2 ,with these he helps refresh and feed ,the world1 and enters partnership with ,god4 ,if you do not allow yourself to become a slave to your work1 and if you cooperate within the house and the home so that your wife and your daughters do not become slaves or near-slaves1 what an opportunity is yours of high thinking and noble living6 ,the more intelligent you become1 the better read1 the greater the interest you take in community and public affairs1 the more effectively you become what in reality and jointly you are--the backbone of this and of every nation4 ,teacher1 poet1 dramatist1 carpenter1 ironworker1 clerk1 college head1 ,mayor1 ,governor1 ,president1 ,ruler--the effectiveness of your work and the satisfaction in your work will be determined by the way in which you relate your thought and your work to the ,divine plan1 and coordinate your every activity in reference to the highest welfare of the greater whole4 ,however dimly or clearly we may perceive it great changes are taking place4 ,the simple1 direct teachings of the ,christ are reaching more and more the mind1 are stirring the heart and through these are dominating the actions of increasing numbers of men and women4 ,the realisation of the mutual interdependence of the human family1 the realisation of its common source1 and that when one part of it goes wrong all suffer thereby1 the same as when any portion of it advances all are lifted and benefited thereby1 makes us more eager for the more speedy actualising of the ,kingdom that the ,master revealed and portrayed4 ,it was ,sir ,oliver ,lodge who in this connection recently said3 ,those who think that the day of the ,messiah is over are strangely mistaken2 it has hardly begun4 ,in individual souls ,christianity has flourished and borne fruit1 but for the ills of the world itself it is an almost untried panacea4 ,it will be strange if this ghastly war fosters and simplifies and improves a knowledge of ,christ1 and aids a perception of the ineffable beauty of his life and teaching2 yet stranger things have happened1 and whatever the churches may do1 ,i believe that the call of ,christ himself will be heard and attended to by a larger part of humanity in the near future1 as never yet it has been heard or attended to on earth4 ,the simple message of the ,christ1 with its twofold injunction of ,love1 is1 when sufficiently understood and sufficiently heeded1 all that we men of earth need to lift up1 to beautify1 to make strong and ,godlike individual lives and thereby and of necessity the life of the world4 ,jesus never taught that ,god incarnated ,himself in him alone4 ,i challenge any man living to find any such teaching by him4 ,he did proclaim his own unique realisation of ,god4 ,intuitively and vividly he perceived the ,divine life1 the eternal ,word1 the eternal ,christ1 manifesting in his clean1 strong1 upright soul1 so that the young ,jewish rabbi and prophet1 known in all his community as ,jesus1 the son of ,joseph and ,mary and whose brothers and sisters they knew so well1,e became the firstborn--fully born--of the ,father4 ,he then pleaded with all the energy and love and fervour of his splendid heart and vigorous manhood that all men should follow the ,way that he revealed and realise their ,divine ,sonship1 that their lives might be redeemed--redeemed from the bondage of the bodily senses and the bondage of merely the things of the outer world1 and saved as fit subjects of and workers in the ,father's ,kingdom4 ,otherwise for millions of splendid earnest men and women today his life-message would have no meaning4 ,to make men awake to their real identity1 and therefore to their possibilities and powers as true sons of ,god1 the ,father of all1 and therefore that all men are brothers--for otherwise ,god is not ,father of all--and to live together in brotherly love and mutual cooperation whereby the ,divine will becomes done on earth as it is in heaven--this is his message to we men of earth4 ,if we believe his message and accept his leadership1 then he becomes indeed our elder brother who leads the way1 the ,word in us becomes flesh1 the ,christ becomes enthroned in our lives1--and we become co-workers with him in the ,father's vineyard4 ,,xii ,,the ,,world ,,war--,,its ,,meaning ,,and ,,its ,,lessons ,,for ,,us ,whatever differences of opinion--and honest differences of opinion--may have existed and may still exist in ,america in regard to the great world conflict1 there is a wonderful unanimity of thought that has crystallised itself into the concrete form--something must be done in order that it can never occur again4 ,the higher intelligence of the nation must assert itself4 ,it must feel and think and act in terms of internationalism4 ,not that the feeling of nationalism in any country shall1 or even can be eradicated or even abated4 ,it must be made1 however1 to coordinate itself with the now rapidly growing sense of world-consciousness1 that the growing intelligence of mankind1 aided by some tremendously concrete forms of recent experience1 is now recognising as a great reality4 ,that there were very strong sympathies for both the ,allied ,nations and for the ,central ,powers in the beginning1 goes without saying1 ,how could it be otherwise1 when we realise the diverse and complex types of our citizenship8 ,one of the most distinctive1 and in some ways one of the most significant1 features of the ,american nation is that it is today composed of representatives1 and in some cases1 of enormous bodies of representatives1 numbering into the millions1 of practically every nation in the world4 ,there are single cities where1 in one case twenty-six1 in another case twenty-nine1 and in other cases a still larger number of what are today designated as hyphenated citizens are represented4 ,the orderly removal of the hyphen1 and the amalgamation of these splendid representatives of practically all nations into genuine ,american citizens1 infused with ,american ideals and pushed on by true ,american ambitions1 is one of the great problems that the war has brought in a most striking manner to our attention4 ,not that these representatives of many nations shall in any way lose their sense of sympathy for the nations of their birth1 in times of either peace or of distress1 although they have found it either advisable or greatly to their own personal advantage and welfare to leave the lands of their birth and to establish their homes here4 ,the fact that in the vast majority of cases they find themselves better off here1 and choose to remain and assume the responsibilities of citizenship in the ,western ,republic1 involves a responsibility that some1 if not indeed many1 heretofore have apparently too lightly considered4 ,there must be a more supreme sense of allegiance1 and a continually growing sense of responsibility to the nation1 that1 guided by their own independent judgment and animated by their own free wills1 they have chosen as their home4 ,there is a difference between sympathy and allegiance2 and unless a man has found conditions intolerable in the land of his birth1 and this is the reason for his seeking a home in another land more to his liking and to his advantage1 we cannot expect him to be devoid of sympathy for the land of his birth1 especially in times of stress or of great need4 ,we can expect him1 however1 and we have a right to demand his absolute allegiance to the land of his adoption4 ,and if he cannot give this1 then we should see to it that he return to his former home4 ,if he is capable of clear thinking and right feeling1 he also must realise the fundamental truth of this fact4 ,there are public schools in ,america where as many as nineteen languages are spoken in a single room4 ,our public schools1 so eagerly sought by the children of parents of foreign birth1 in their intense eagerness for an education1 that is offered freely and without cost to all1 can and must be made greater instruments in converting what must in time become a great menace to our institutions1 and even to the very life of the nation itself1 into a real and genuine ,american citizenship4 ,our best educators1 in addition to our clearest thinking citizens1 are realising as never before1 that our public-school system chiefly1 among our educational institutions1 must be made a great melting-pot through which this process of amalgamation must be carried on4 ,we are also realising clearly now that1 as a nation1 we have been entirely too lax in connection with our immigration privileges1 regulations and restrictions4 ,we have been admitting foreigners to our shores in such enormous quantities each year that we have not been able at all adequately to assimilate them1 nor have we used at all a sufficiently wise discrimination in the admission of desirables or undesirables4 ,we have received1 or we have allowed to be dumped upon our shores1 great numbers of the latter whom we should know would inevitably become dependents1 as well as great numbers of criminals4 ,the result has been that they have been costing certain localities millions of dollars every year4 ,but entirely aside from the latter1 the last two or three years have brought home to us as never before the fact that those who come to our shores must come with the avowed and the settled purpose of becoming real ,american citizens1 giving full and absolute allegiance to the institutions1 the laws1 the government of the land of their adoption4 ,if any other government is not able so to manage as to make it more desirable for its subjects to remain in the land of their birth1 rather than to seek homes in the land with institutions more to their liking1 or with advantages more conducive to their welfare1 that government then should not expect to retain1 even in the slightest degree1 the allegiance of such former subjects4 ,a hyphenated citizenship may become as dangerous to a republic as a cancer is in the human body4 ,a country with over a hundred hyphens cannot fulfil its highest destiny4 ,we1 as a nation1 have been rudely shaken from our long dream of almost inevitable national security4 ,we have been brought finally1 and although as a nation we have no desire for conquest or empire1 and no desire for military glory1 and therefore no need of any great army or navy for offensive purposes1 we have been brought finally to realise that we do1 nevertheless1 stand in need of a national strengthening of our arm of defence4 ,a land of a hundred million people1 where one could travel many times for a sixmonth and never see the sign of a soldier1 is brought1 though reluctantly1 to face a new state of affairs2 but one1 nevertheless1 that must be faced--calmly faced and wisely acted upon4 ,and while it is true that as a nation we have always had the tradition of non-militarism1 it is not true that we have had the tradition of military or of naval impotence or weakness4 ,preparedness1 therefore1 has assumed a position of tremendous importance1 in individual thought1 in public discussion1 and almost universally in the columns of the public press4 ,one of the most vital questions among us then is1 not so much as to how we shall prepare1 but how shall we prepare adequately for defensive purposes1 in case of any emergency arising1 without being thrown too far along the road of militarism1 and without an inordinate preparation that has been the scourge and the bane of many old-world countries for so many years1 and that quite as much as anything has been provocative of the horrible conflict that has literally been devastating so many ,european countries4 ,it is clearly apparent that the best thought in ,america today calls for an adequate preparation for purposes of defence1 and calls for a recognition of facts as they are4 ,it also clearly sees the danger of certain types of mind and certain interests combining to carry the matter much farther than is at all called for4 ,the question is--,how shall we then strike that happy balance that is the secret of all successful living in the lives of either individuals or in the lives of nations8 ,all clear-seeing people realise that1 as things are in the world today1 there is a certain amount of preparedness that is necessary for influence and for insurance4 ,as within the nation a police force is necessary for the enforcement of law1 for the preservation of law and order1 although it is not at all necessary that every second or third man be a policeman1 so in the council of nations the individual nation must have a certain element of force that it can fall back upon if all other available agencies fail4 ,in diplomacy the strong nations win out1 the weaker lose out4 ,military and naval power1 unless carried to a ridiculous excess does not1 therefore1 lie idle1 even when not in actual use4 ,our power and influence as a nation will certainly not be in proportion to our weakness4 ,although righteousness exalteth a nation1 it is nevertheless true that righteousness alone will not protect a nation--while other nations are fully armed4 ,national weakness does not make for peace4 ,righteousness1 combined with a spirit of forbearance1 combined with a keen desire to give justice as well as to demand justice1 if combined with the power to strike powerfully and sustainedly in defence of justice1 and in defence of national integrity1 is what protects a nation1 and this it is that in the long run exalteth a nation--while things are as they are4 ,while conditions have therefore brought prominently to the forefront in ,america the matter of military training and military service--an adequate military preparation for purposes of defence1 for full and adequate defence1 the best thought of the nation is almost a unit in the belief that1 for us as a nation1 an immense standing army is unnecessary as well as inadvisable4 ,no amount of military preparation that is not combined definitely and completely with an enhanced citizenship1 and therefore with an advance in real democracy1 is at all worthy of consideration on the part of the ,american people1 or indeed on the part of the people of any nation4 ,pre-eminently is this true in this day and age4 ,observing this principle we could then1 while a certain degree of universal training under some system similar to the ,swiss or ,australian system is being carried on1 and to serve our immediate needs1 have an army of even a quarter of a million men without danger of militarism and without heavy financial burdens1 and without subverting our ,american ideas--providing it is an industrial arm4 ,there are great engineering projects that could be carried on1 thereby developing many of our now latent resources2 there is an immense amount of road-building that could be projected in many parts of1 if not throughout the entire country2 there are great irrigation projects that could be carried on in the far ,west and ,southwest1 reclaiming millions upon millions of acres of what are now unproductive desert lands2 all these could be carried on and made even to pay1 keeping busy a large number of men for half a dozen years to come4 ,this army of this number of men could be recruited1 trained to an adequate degree of military service1 and at the same time could be engaged in profitable employment on these much-needed works4 ,they could then be paid an adequate wage1 ample to support a family1 or ample to lay up savings if without family4 ,such men leaving the army service1 would then have a degree of training and skill whereby they would be able to get positions or employment1 all more remunerative than the bulk of them1 perhaps1 would ever be able to get without such training and experience4 ,an army of this number of trained men1 somewhat equally divided between the ,atlantic and the ,pacific seaboards1 the bulk of them engaged in regular constructive work1 work that needs to be done and that1 therefore1 could be profitably done1 and ready to be called into service at a moment's notice1 would constitute a tremendous insurance against any aggression from without1 and would also give a tremendous sense of security for half a dozen years at least4 ,this number could then be reduced1 for by that time several million young men from eighteen years up would be partially trained and in first-class physical shape to be summoned to service should the emergency arise4 ,in addition to the vast amount of good roads building1 whose cost could be borne in equal proportions by nation1 state and county--a most important factor in connection with military necessity as well as a great economic factor in the successful development and advancement of any community--the millions of acres of now arid lands in the ,west1 awaiting only water to make them among the most valuable and productive in all the world1 could be used as a great solution of our immigration problem4 ,up to the year when the war began1 there came to our shores upwards of one million immigrants every twelve months1 seeking work1 and most of them homes in this country4 ,the great bulk of them got no farther than our cities1 increasing congestion1 already in many cases acute1 and many of them becoming in time1 from one cause or another1 dependents1 the annual cost of their maintenance aggregating many millions every year4 ,with these vast acres ready for them large numbers could1 under a wise system of distribution1 be sent on to the great ,west and ,southwest1 and more easily and directly now since the ,panama ,canal is open for navigation4 ,allotments of these lands could be assigned them that they could in time become owners of1 through a wisely established system of payments4 ,many of them would thereby be living lives similar to those they lived in their own countries1 and for which their training and experience there have abundantly fitted them4 ,they would thus become a far more valuable type of citizens--landowners--than they could ever possibly become otherwise1 and especially through our present unorganised hit-or-miss system4 ,they would in time also add annually hundreds of millions of productive work to the wealth of the country4 ,the very wise system that was inaugurated some time ago in connection with the ,coast ,defence arm of our army is1 under the wise direction of our present ,secretary of ,war1 to be extended to all branches of the service4 ,for some time in the ,coast ,artillery ,service the enlisted man under competent instruction has had the privilege of becoming a skilled machinist or a skilled electrician4 ,now the system is to be extended through all branches of the military service1 and many additional trades are to be added to the curricula of the trade schools of the army4 ,the young man can1 therefore1 make his own selection and become a trained artisan at the same time that he serves his time in the army1 with all expenses for such training1 as well as maintenance1 borne by the ,government4 ,he can thereby leave the service fully equipped for profitable employment4 ,this will have the tendency of calling a better class of young men into the service2 it will also do away with the well-founded criticism that army life and its idleness1 or partly-enforced idleness1 unfits a man for useful industrial service after he quits the army4 ,if this same system is extended through the navy1 as it can be1 both army and navy service will meet the ,american requirement--that neither military nor naval service take great numbers of men from productive employment1 to be in turn supported by other workers4 ,instead of so much dead timber1 they are all the time producing while in active service1 and are being trained to be highly efficient as producers1 when they leave the service4 ,under this system the ,federal ,government can build its own ordnance works and its own munition factories and become its own maker of whatever may be required in all lines of output4 ,we will then be able to escape the perverse influence of gain on the part of large munition industries1 and the danger that comes from that portion of a military party whose motives are actuated by personal gain4 ,if the occasion arises1 or if we permit the occasion to arise1 ,kruppism in ,america will become as dangerous and as sinister in its influences and its proportions1 as it became in ,germany4 ,another great service that the war has done us1 is by way of bringing home to us the lesson that has been so prominently brought to the front in connection with the other nations at war1 namely1 the necessity of the speedy and thorough mobilisation of all lines of industries and business2 for the thoroughness and the efficiency with which this can be done may mean success that otherwise would result in failure and disaster4 ,we are now awake to the tremendous importance of this4 ,it is at last becoming clearly understood among the peoples and the nations of the world that1 as a nation1 we have no desire for conquest1 for territory1 for empire--we have no purposes of aggression2 we have quite enough to do to develop our resources and our as yet great undeveloped areas4 ,a few months before the war broke1 ,i had conversations with the heads or with the representatives of leading publishing houses in several ,european countries4 ,it was at a time when our ,mexican situation was beginning to be very acute4 ,i remember at that time especially1 the conversation with the head of one of the largest publishing houses in ,italy1 in ,milan4 ,i could see plainly his scepticism when1 in reply to his questions1 ,i endeavoured to persuade him that as a nation we had no motives of conquest or of aggression in ,mexico1 that we were interested solely in the restoration of a representative and stable government there4 ,and since that time1 ,i am glad to say that our acts as a nation have all been along the line of persuading him1 and also many other like-minded ones in many countries abroad1 of the truth of this assertion4 ,by this general course we have been gaining the confidence and have been cementing the friendship of practically every ,south ,american republic1 our immediate neighbours on the southern continent4 ,this has been a source of increasing economic power with us1 and an element of greatly added strength1 and also a tremendous energy working all the time for the preservation of peace4 ,one can say most confidently1 even though recognising our many grave faults as a nation1 that our course along this line has been such1 especially of late years1 as to inspire confidence on the part of all the fair-minded nations of the world4 ,our theory of the state1 the theory of democracy1 is not that the state is above all1 and that the individual and his welfare are as nothing when compared to it1 but rather that the state is the agency through which the highest welfare of all its subjects is to be evolved1 expressed1 maintained4 ,no other theory to my mind1 is at all compatible with the intelligence of any free-thinking people4 ,otherwise1 there is always the danger and also the likelihood1 while human nature is as it is1 for some ruler1 some clique1 or factions so to concentrate power into their own hands1 that for their own ambitions1 for aggrandisement1 or for false or short-sighted and half-baked ideas of additions to their country1 it is dragged into periodic wars with other nations4 ,nor do we share in the belief that the state is above morality1 but rather that identically the same moral ideals1 precepts and obligations that bind individuals must be held sacred by the state1 otherwise it becomes a pirate among nations1 and it will inevitably in time be hunted down and destroyed as such1 however great its apparent power4 ,nor do we as a nation share in the belief that war is necessary and indeed good for a nation1 to inspire and to preserve its manly qualities1 its virility1 and therefore its power4 ,were this the only way that this could be brought about1 it might be well and good2 but the price to be paid is a price that is too enormous and too frightful1 and the results are too uncertain4 ,we believe that these same ideals can be inculcated1 that these same energies can be used along useful1 conserving1 constructive lines1 rather than along lines of destruction4 ,a nation may have the most colossal and perfect military system in the world1 and still may suffer defeat in any given while1 because of those unseen things that pertain to the soul of another people1 whereby powers and forces are engendered and materialised that make defeat for them impossible2 and in the matter of big guns1 it is well always to remember that no nation can build them so great that another nation may not build them still greater4 ,national safety does not necessarily lie in that direction4 ,nor1 on the other hand1 along the lines of extreme pacificism--surely not as long as things are as they are4 ,the argument of the lamb has small deterrent effect upon the wolf--as long as the wolf is a wolf4 ,and sometimes wolves hunt in packs4 ,the most preeminent lesson of the great war for us as a nation should be this--there should be constantly a degree of preparedness sufficient to hold until all the others1 the various portions of the nation1 thoroughly coordinated and ready1 can be summoned into action4 ,thus are we prepared1 thus are we safe1 and there is no danger or fear of militarism4 ,in a democracy it should1 without question1 be a fundamental fact that hand in hand with equal rights there should go a sense of equal duty4 ,a call for defence should have a universal response4 ,so it is merely good common-sense1 good judgment1 if you please1 for all the young men of the nation to have a training sufficient to enable them to respond effectively if the nation's safety calls them to its defence4 ,it is no crime1 however we may deprecate war1 to be thus prepared4 ,for young men--and we must always remember that it is the young men who are called for this purpose--for young men to be called to the colours by the tens or the hundreds of thousands1 unskilled and untrained1 to be shot down1 decimated by the thoroughly trained and skilled troops of another nation1 or a combination of other nations1 is indeed the crime4 ,never1 moreover1 was folly so great as that shown by him or by her who will not see4 ,and to look at the matter without prejudice1 we will realise that this is merely policing what we have4 ,it is meeting force with adequate force1 if it becomes necessary1 so to meet it4 ,this is necessary until such time as we have in operation among nations a thoroughly established machinery whereby force will give place to reason1 whereby common sense will be used in adjusting all differences between nations1 as it is now used in adjusting differences between individuals4 ,our period of isolation is over4 ,we have become a world-nation4 ,equality of rights presupposes equality of duty4 ,in our very souls we loathe militarism4 ,conquest and aggression are foreign to our spirit1 and foreign to our thoughts and ambitions4 ,but weakness will by no means assure us immunity from aggression from without4 ,universal military training up to a reasonable point1 and the joint sense of responsibility of every man and every woman in the nation1 and the right of the national government to expect and to demand that every man and woman stand ready to respond to the call to service1 whatever form it may take--this is our armour4 ,all intelligent people know that the national government has always had the power to draft every male citizen fit for service into military service4 ,it is not therefore a question of universal military service4 ,the real and only question is whether these or great numbers of these go out illy prepared and equipped as sheep to the shambles perchance1 or whether they go out trained and equipped to do a man's work--more adequately prepared to protect themselves as well as the integrity of the nation4 ,it is not to be done for the love or the purpose of militarism2 but recognising the fact that militarism still persists1 that with us it may not be triumphant should we at any time be forced to face it4 ,there are certain facts that only to our peril as well as our moral degradation1 we can be blind to4 ,said a noted historian but a few days ago3 ,i loathe war and militarism4 ,i have fought them for twenty years4 ,but ,i am a historian1 and ,i know that bullies thrive best in an atmosphere of meekness4 ,as long as this military system lasts you must discourage the mailed fist by showing that you will meet it with something harder than a boxing glove4 ,we do not think it good to admit into the code of the twentieth century that a great national bully may still with impunity squeeze the blood out of its small neighbours and seize their goods4 ,we need not fear militarism arising in ,america as long as the fundamental principles of democracy are preserved and continually extended1 which can be done only through the feeling of the individual responsibility of every man and every woman to take a keen and constant interest in the matters of their own government--community1 state1 national1 and now international4 ,we must realise and ever more fully realise that in a government such as ours1 the people are the government1 and that when in it anything goes wrong1 or wrongs and injustices are allowed to grow and hold sway1 we are to blame4 ,universal military training has not militarised ,switzerland nor has it ,australia4 ,it is rather the very essence of democracy and the very antithesis of militarism4 ,let each son of ,freedom bear ,his portion of the burden4 ,should not each one do his share8 ,to sacrifice the splendid few-- ,the strong of heart1 the brave1 the true1 ,who live--or die--as heroes do1 ,while cowards profit--is not fair6 ,many still recall that not a few well-meaning people at the close of the ,civil ,war proclaimed that1 with upwards of two million trained men behind him1 ,general ,grant would become a military dictator1 and that this would be followed by the disappearance of democracy in the nation4 ,but the mind1 the temper1 the traditions of our people are all a guarantee against militarism4 ,the gospel1 the hallucination of the shining armour1 the will to power1 has no attraction for us4 ,we loathe it2 nor do we fear its undermining and crushing our own liberties internally4 ,nevertheless1 it is true that vigilance is always and always will be the price of liberty4 ,there must be a constant education towards citizenship4 ,there must be an alert democracy1 so that any land and sea force is always the servant of the spirit2 for only otherwise it can become its master--but otherwise it will become its master4 ,,xiii ,,our ,,sole ,,agency ,,of ,,international ,,peace1 ,,and ,,international ,,concord ,the consensus of intelligent thought throughout the world is to the effect that just as we have established an orderly method for the settlement of disputes between individuals or groups of individuals in any particular nation1 we must now move forward and establish such methods for the settlement of disputes among nations4 ,there is no civilised country in the world that any longer permits the individual to take the law into his own hands4 ,the intelligent thought of the world now demands the definite establishment of a ,world ,federation for the enforcement of peace among nations4 ,it demands likewise the definite establishment of a permanent ,world ,court1 backed by adequate force for the arbitrament of all disputes among nations--unable to be adjusted by the nations themselves in friendly conference4 ,we have now reached the stage in world development and in world intercourse where peace must be internationalised4 ,our present chaotic condition1 which exists simply because we haven't taken time as yet to establish a method1 must be made to give place to an intelligently devised system of law and order4 ,anything short of this means a periodic destruction of the finest fruits of civilisation4 ,it means also the periodic destruction of the finest young manhood of the world4 ,this means1 in turn1 the speedy degeneration of the human race4 ,the deification of force1 augmented by all the products and engines of modern science1 is simply the way of sublimated savagery4 ,the world is in need of a new dispensation4 ,recent events show indisputably that we have reached the parting of the ways1 the family of nations must now push on into the new day or the world will plunge on into a darker night4 ,there is no other course in sight4 ,i know of no finer words penned in any language--this time it was in ,french--to express an unvarying truth than these words by ,victor ,hugo3 ,there is one thing that is stronger than armies1 and that is an idea whose time has come4 ,never before1 after viewing the great havoc wrought1 the enormous debts that will have to be paid for between fifty and a hundred years to come1 the tremendous disruptions and losses in trade1 the misery and degradation stalking broadcast over every land engaged in the war--scarcely a family untouched--never before have nations been in the state of mind to consider and to long to act upon some sensible and comprehensive method of international concord and adjustments4 ,if this succeeds1 the world1 including ourselves1 is the gainer4 ,if this does not succeed1 though the chances are overwhelmingly in its favour1 then we can proclaim to the assembled nations that as long as a state of outlawry exists among nations1 that then no longer by chance but by design1 we as a nation will be in a state of preparedness broad and comprehensive enough to defend ourselves against the violation of any of the rights of a sovereign nation4 ,it is only in this way that we can show a due appreciation of the struggles and the sacrifices of those who gave us our national existence2 it is only in this way that we can1 retain our self-respect1 that we can command the respect of other nations while things are as they are2 that we can hope to retain any degree of influence and authority for the diplomatic arm of our ,government in the ,council of ,nations4 ,every neutral nation has suffered tremendously by the war4 ,every neutral nation will suffer until a new world-order among nations is projected and perfected4 ,we owe a tremendous duty to the world in connection with this great world crisis and upheaval4 ,diligently should our best men and women1 those of insight and greatest influence1 and with the expenditure of both time and means1 seek to further the practical working out of a ,world ,federation and a permanent ,world ,court4 ,public opinion should be thus aroused and solidified so that the world knows that we stand as a united nation back of the idea and the plan4 ,the divine right of kings has gone4 ,it holds no more4 ,we hear now and then1 it is true1 some silly statement in regard to it1 but little attention is paid to it4 ,the divine right of priests has gone except in the minds of the few remaining ignorant and herdable ones4 ,the divine right of dynasties--or rather of dynasties to persist--seems to die a little harder1 but it is well on the way4 ,we are now realising that the only divine right is the right of the people--and all the people4 ,never again should it be possible for one man1 or for one little group of men so to lead1 or so to mislead a nation as to plunge it into war4 ,the growth of democracy compelling the greater participation of all the people in government must prohibit this4 ,so likewise the close relationship of the entire world now must make it forever impossible for a single nation or a group of nations for any cause to plunge a whole world or any part of it into war4 ,these are sound and clear-visioned words recently given utterance to by ,james ,bryce3 ,however much we condemn reckless leaders and the ruthless caste that live for war1 the real source of the mischief is the popular sentiment behind them4 ,the lesson to be learned is that doctrines and deep-rooted passions1 whence these evils spring1 can only be removed by the slow and steady working of spiritual forces4 ,what most is needed is the elimination of those feelings the teachings of which breed jealousy and hatred and prompt men to defiance and aggression4 ,humanity and civilisation is not headed towards ,ab the cave-man1 whatever appearances1 in the minds of many1 may indicate at the present time4 ,humanity will arise and will reconstruct itself4 ,great lessons will be learned4 ,good will result4 ,but what a terrific price to pay6 ,what a terrific price to pay to learn the lesson that moral forces are the only invincible forces in the universe6 ,it has been slow1 but steadily the world is advancing to that stage when the individual or the nation that does not know that the law of mutuality1 of cooperation1 and still more the law of sympathy and good will1 is the supreme law in real civilisation1 real advancement1 and real gain--that does not know that its own welfare is always bound up with the welfare of the greater whole--is still in the brute stage of life and the bestial propensities are still its guiding forces4 ,prejudice1 suspicion1 hatred1 national big-headedness1 must give way to respect1 sympathy1 the desire for mutual understanding and cooperation4 ,the higher attributes must and will assert themselves4 ,the former are the ways of periodic if not continuous destruction--the latter are the ways of the higher spiritual forces that must prevail4 ,significant are these words of one of our younger but clear-visioned ,american poets1 ,winter ,bynner3 ,whether the time be slow or fast1 ,enemies1 hand in hand1 ,must come together at the last ,and understand4 ,no matter how the die is cast1 ,or who may seem to win-- ,we know that we must love at last-- ,why not begin8 ,the teaching of hatred to children1 the fostering of hatred in adults1 can result only in harm to the people and the nation where it is fostered4 ,the dragon's tooth will leave its marks upon the entire nation and the fair life of all the people will suffer by it4 ,the holding in contempt of other people makes it sometimes necessary that one's own head be battered against the wall that he may be sufficiently aroused to recognise and to appreciate their sterling and enduring qualities4 ,the use of a club is more spectacular for some at least than the use of intellectual and moral forces4 ,the rattling of the machine-gun produces more commotion than the more quiet ways of peace4 ,all of the powerful forces in nature1 those of growth1 germination1 and conservation1 the same as in human life are quiet forces4 ,so in the preservation of peace4 ,it consists rather in a high constructive policy4 ,it requires always clear vision1 a constantly progressive and cooperative method of life and action2 frank and open dealing and a resolute purpose4 ,it is won and maintained by nothing so much in the long run as when it makes the ,golden ,rule its law of conduct4 ,slowly we are realising that great armaments--militarism--do not insure peace4 ,they may lead away from it--they are very apt to lead away from it4 ,peace is related rather to the great moral laws of conduct4 ,it has to do with straight1 clean1 open dealing4 ,it is fostered by sympathy1 forbearance4 ,this does not mean that it pertains to weakness4 ,on the contrary it is determined by resolute but high purpose1 the actual and active desire of a nation to live on terms of peace with all other nations2 and the world's2 recognition of this fact is a most powerful factor in inducing and in actualising such living4 ,our own achievement of upwards of a hundred years in living in peaceable1 sympathetic and mutually beneficial relations with ,canada2 ,canada's achievement in so living with us1 should be a distinct and clear-cut answer to the argument that nations need to fortify their boundaries one against another4 ,this is true only where suspicion1 mistrust1 fear1 secret diplomacy1 and secret alliances hold instead of the great and eternally constructive forces--sympathy1 good will1 mutual understanding1 induced and conserved by an ,international ,joint ,commission of able men whose business it is to investigate1 to determine1 and to adjust any differences that through the years may arise4 ,here we have a boundary line of upwards of three thousand miles and not a fort2 vast areas of inland seas and not a war vessel2 and for upwards of a hundred years not a difference that the ,high ,joint ,commission has not been able to settle amicably and to the mutual advantage of both countries4 ,i know that in connection with this we have an advantage over the old-world nations because we are free from age-long prejudices1 hatreds1 and past scores4 ,but if this great conflict does not lead along the lines of the constructive forces and the working out of a new world method1 then the future of ,europe and of the world is dark indeed4 ,surely it will lead to a new order--it is almost inconceivable that it will not4 ,the ,golden ,rule is a wonderful developer in human life1 a wonderful harmoniser in community life--with great profit it could be extended as the law of conduct in international relations4 ,it must be so extended4 ,its very foundation is sympathy1 good will1 mutuality1 love4 ,the very essence of ,jesus' entire revelation and teaching was love4 ,it was not the teaching of weakness or supineness in the face of wrong1 however4 ,there was no failure on his part to smite wrong when he saw it--wrong taking the form of injustice or oppression4 ,he had1 as we have seen1 infinite sympathy for and forbearance with the weak1 the sinful2 but he had always a righteous indignation and a scathing denunciation for oppression--for that spirit of hell that prompts men or organisations to seek1 to study1 to dominate the minds and thereby the lives of others4 ,it was1 moreover1 that he would not keep silent regarding the deadly ecclesiasticism that bore so heavily upon his people and that had well-nigh crushed all their religious life whence are the very springs of life1 that he aroused the deadly antagonism of the ruling hierarchy4 ,and as he1 witnessing for truth and freedom1 steadfastly and defiantly opposed oppression1 so those who catch his spirit today will do as he did and will realise as duty--,while wrong is wrong let no man prate of peace6 ,peace8 ,peace8 ,peace8 ,while wrong is wrong let no man prate of peace6 ,he did not prate1 the ,master4 ,nay1 he smote6 99 99 99 99 99 ,hate wrong6 ,slay wrong6 ,else mercy1 justice1 truth1 ,freedom and faith1 shall die for humankind4,f ,nor did the code and teachings of ,jesus prevent him driving the money-changers from out the temple court4 ,it was not for the purpose of doing them harm4 ,it was rather to do them good by driving home to them in some tangible and concrete form1 through the skin and flesh of their bodies1 what the thick skins of their moral natures were unable to comprehend4 ,the resistance of wrongdoing is not opposed to the law of love4 ,as in community life there is the occasional bully who has sometimes to be knocked down in order that he may have a due appreciation of individual rights and community amenities1 so among nations a similar lesson is sometimes necessary in order that it or its leaders may learn that there are certain things that do not pay1 and1 moreover1 will not be allowed by the community of nations4 ,making might alone the basis of national policy and action1 or making it the basis of settlement in international settlements1 but arouses and intensifies hatred and the spirit of revenge4 ,so in connection with this great world crisis--after it all then comes the great problem of reorganisation and rehabilitation1 and unless there comes about an international concord strong and definite enough to prevent a recurrence of what has been1 it would almost seem that restoration were futile2 for things will be restored only in time to be destroyed again4 ,no amount of armament we know now will prevent war4 ,it can be prevented only by a definite concord of the nations brought finally to realise the futility of war4 ,to deny the possibility of a ,world ,league and a ,world ,court is to deny the ability of men to govern themselves4 ,the history of the ,american ,republic in its demonstration of the power and the genius of federation should disprove the truth of this4 ,here we have a nation composed of forty-eight sovereign states and with the most heterogeneous accumulation of people that ever came together in one country1 let alone one nation1 and great numbers of them from those nations that for upwards of a thousand years have been periodically springing at one another's throats4 ,enlightened self-government has done it4 ,the real spirit and temper of democracy has done it4 ,but it must be the preservation of the real spirit of democracy and constant vigilance that must preserve it4 ,prejudice1 suspicion1 hatred on the part of individuals or on the part of the people of one nation against the people of another nation1 have never yet advanced the welfare of any individual or any nation and never can4 ,the world war is but the direct result of the type of peace that preceded it4 ,the militarist argument reduced to its lowest terms amounts merely to this3 ,for two nations to keep peace each must be stronger than the other4 ,representative men of other countries do not resent our part in pressing this matter and in taking the leadership in it4 ,but even if they did they would have no just right to4 ,there is1 however1 a very general feeling that the ,american ,republic1 as the world's greatest example of successful federation1 should take the lead in the ,world ,federation4 ,this is now going to be greatly fostered by virtue of one great good that the world war will eventually have accomplished--the doom and the end of autocracy4 ,dynasties and privileged orders that have lived and lived alone on militarism1 will have been foreclosed on4 ,the people in control1 in an increasingly intelligent control of their own lives and their own governments1 will be governed by a higher degree of self-enlightenment and mutual self-interest than under the domination or even the leadership of any type of hereditary ruling class or war-lord4 ,in some countries autocracy in religion1 through the free mingling and discussions of men of various nationalities and religious persuasions1 will be again lessened1 whereby the direct love and power of ,god in the hearts of men1 as ,jesus taught1 will have a fuller sway and a more holy and a diviner moulding power in their lives4 ,it was during those long1 weary years coupled with the horrible crimes of the ,thirty ,years' ,war that the science of ,international ,law began to take form1 the result of that notable work1 ,de ,jure ,belli ac ,pacis1 by ,grotius4 ,it is ours to see that out of this more intense and thereby even more horrible conflict a new epoch in human and international relations be born4 ,as the higher powers of mind and spirit are realised and used1 great primal instincts impelling men to expression and action that find their outlet many times in war1 will be transmuted and turned from destruction into powerful engines of construction4 ,when a moral equivalent for war of sufficient impelling power is placed before men1 those same virile qualities and powers that are now marshalled so easily for purposes of fighting1 will1 under the guidance and in the service of the spirit1 be used for the conserving of human life1 and for the advancement and the increase of everything that administers to life1 that makes it more abundant1 more mutual1 and more happy4 ,and ,god knows that the call for such service is very great4 99 99 99 99 99 ,and even now comes the significant word that the long1 the too long awaited world's ,bill of ,rights has taken form4 ,the intelligence and the will of righteous men1 duly appointed as the representatives of fourteen sovereign nations1 has asserted itself1 and the beginning has been made1 without which there can be neither growth nor advancement4 ,the ,constitution of the ,world ,league has taken form4 ,it is not a perfect instrument2 but it will grow into as perfect an instrument as need be for its purpose4 ,changes and additions to it will be made as times and conditions indicate4 ,partisanship even with us may seek to defeat it4 ,there is no question1 however1 but that the sober sense of the ,american people is behind it4 ,one of the most fundamental results1 we might say purposes of the great world war1 was to end war4 ,it means now that the world's unity and mutuality and its community of interests must be realised and that we build accordingly4 ,it means that the world's peace must be fostered and preserved by the use of brains and guided by the heart2 or that every brute force made ghastly and deadly to the nth degree that modern science can devise1 be periodically called in to settle the disputes or curb the ambitions that will disrupt the peace of the world4 ,the common people the world over are desiring as near as can be arrived at1 some surety as to the preservation of the world's peace2 and they will brook no interference with a plan that seems the most feasible way to that end4 ,the whole world is in that temper that gives significance to the words of ,president ,wilson when a day or two ago he said3 ,any man who resists the present tides that run in the world will find himself thrown upon a shore so high and barren that it will seem as if he had been separated from his human kind forever4 ,unless1 he might have added--he has and can demonstrate a better plan4 ,the two chief arguments against it1 that it will take away from our individual rights and that it will lead us into entangling alliances1 no longer hold--for we are entangled already4 ,we are a part of the great world force and it were futile longer to seek to escape our duties as such4 ,they are as essential as our rights4 ,it is with us now as a nation as it was with that immortal group that gathered to sign our ,declaration of ,independence1 to whom ,franklin said3 ,we must all hang together1 or assuredly we shall all hang separately4 ,it is well for ,americans to recall that the first ,league of ,nations was when thirteen distinct nationalities one day awoke to the fact that it were better to forget their differences and to a great extent their boundaries1 and come together in a common union4 ,they had their thirteen distinct armies to keep up1 in order to defend themselves each against the other or against any combination of the others1 to say nothing of any outside power that might move against them4 ,jealousies arose and misunderstandings were frequent4 ,so zealous was each of its own rights that when the ,constitutional ,convention had completed its work1 and the ,constitution was ready for adoption1 there were those who actually left the hall rather than sign it4 ,they were good men but they were looking at stern facts and they wanted no idealism in theirs4 ,good men1 some animated by the partisan spirit1 it is true1 earnest in their beliefs--but unequipped with the long vision4 ,their names are now recalled only through the search of the antiquarian4 ,infinitely better it has been found for the thirteen and eventually the forty-eight to stand together than to stand separately4 ,the thirteen separate states were farther separated so far as means of communication and actual knowledge of one another were concerned1 than are the nations of the world today4 ,it took men of great insight as well as vision to formulate our own ,constitution which made thirteen distinct and sovereign states the ,united ,states of ,america4 ,the formulation of the ,constitution of the ,world ,league has required such men4 ,as a nation we may be proud that two representative ,americans have had so large a share in its accomplishment--,president ,wilson1 good ,democrat1 and ,ex-,president ,taft1 good ,republican4 ,the greatest international and therefore world document ever produced has been forged--it awaits the coming days1 years1 and even generations for its completion4 ,and we accord great honour also to those statesmen of other nations who have combined keen insight born of experience1 with a lofty idealism2 for out of these in any realm of human activities and relations1 whatever eventually becomes the practical1 is born4 ,,xiv ,,the ,,world',s ,,balance-,,wheel ,it was ,lincoln who gave us a wonderful summary when he said3 ,after all the one meaning of life is to be kind4 ,love1 sympathy1 fellowship is the very foundation of all civilised1 happy1 ideal life4 ,it is the very balance-wheel of life itself4 ,it gives that genuineness and simplicity in voice1 in look1 in spirit that is so instinctively felt by all1 and to which all so universally respond4 ,it is like the fragrance of the flower--the emanation of its soul4 ,interesting and containing a most vital truth is this little memoir by ,christine ,rossetti3 ,one whom ,i knew intimately1 and whose memory ,i revere1 once in my hearing remarked that1 'unless we love people1 we cannot understand them4' ,this was a new light to me4 ,it contains indeed a profound truth4 ,love1 sympathy1 fellowship1 is what makes human life truly human4 ,cooperation1 mutual service1 is its fruitage4 ,a clear-cut realisation of this and a resolute acting upon it would remove much of the cloudiness and the barrenness from many a life2 and its mutual recognition--and action based upon it--would bring order and sweetness and mutual gain in vast numbers of instances in family1 in business1 in community life4 ,it would solve many of the knotty problems in all lines of human relations and human endeavour1 whose solution heretofore has seemed well-nigh impossible4 ,it is the telling oil that will start to running smoothly and effectively many an otherwise clogged and grating system of human machinery4 ,when men on both sides are long-headed enough1 are sensible enough to see its practical element and make it the fundamental basis of all relationships1 of all negotiations1 and all following activities in the relations between capital and labour1 employer and employee1 literally a new era in the industrial world will spring into being4 ,both sides will be the gainer--the dividends flowing to each will be even surprising4 ,there is really no labour problem outside of sympathy1 mutuality1 good-will1 cooperation1 brotherhood4 ,injustice always has been and always will be the cause of all labour troubles4 ,but we must not forget that it is sometimes on one side and sometimes on the other4 ,misunderstanding is not infrequently its accompaniment4 ,imagination1 sympathy1 mutuality1 cooperation1 brotherhood are the hand-maidens of justice4 ,no man is intelligent enough1 is big enough to be the representative or the manager of capital1 who is not intelligent enough to realise this4 ,no man is fit to be the representative of1 or fit to have anything to do with the councils of labour who has not brains1 intelligence enough to realise this4 ,these qualities are not synonyms of or in any way related to sentimentality or any weak-kneed ethics4 ,they underlie the soundest business sense4 ,in this day and age they are synonyms of the word practical4 ,there was a time and it was not so many years ago1 when heads and executives of large enterprises did not realise this as fully as they realise it today4 ,a great change has already taken place4 ,a new era has already begun1 and the greater the ability and the genius the more eager is its possessor to make these his guiding principles1 and to hasten the time when they will be universally recognised and built upon4 ,the same is true of the more intelligent in the rank and file of labour1 as also of the more intelligent and those who are bringing the best results as leaders of labour4 ,there is no intelligent man or woman today who does not believe in organised labour4 ,there is no intelligent employer who does not believe in it and who does not welcome it4 ,the bane of organised labour in the past has too often been the unscrupulous1 the self-seeking1 or the bull-headed labour leader4 ,organised labour must be constantly diligent to purge itself of these its worst enemies4 ,labour is entitled to the very highest wage1 or to the best returns in cooperative management that it can get1 and that are consistent with sound business management1 as also to the best labour conditions that a sympathetic and wise management can bring about4 ,it must not1 however1 be unreasonable in its demands1 neither bull-headed1 nor seek to travel too fast--otherwise it may lose more than it will gain4 ,it must not allow itself to act as a shield for the ineffective worker1 or the one without a sense of mutuality1 whose aim is to get all he can get without any thought as to what he gives in return1 or even with the deliberate purpose of giving the least that he can give and get away with it4 ,where there is a good and a full return1 there should be not only the desire but an eagerness to give a full and honest service4 ,less than this is indicative of a lack of honest and staunch manhood or womanhood4 ,it is incumbent upon organised labour also to remember that it represents but eight per cent of the actual working people of this nation4 ,whether one works with his brains1 or his hands1 or both1 is immaterial4 ,nor does organised labour represent the great farming interests of the country--even more fundamentally the backbone of the nation4 ,the desirable citizen of any nation is he or she who does not seek to prosper at the expense of his fellows1 who does not seek the advancement of his group to the detriment of all other groups--who realises that none are independent1 that all are interdependent4 ,he who is a teacher or a preacher of class-consciousness1 is either consciously or unconsciously--generally consciously and intentionally--a preacher of class-hatred4 ,there is no more undesirable citizen in any nation than he4 ,do you know why money is so scarce1 brothers8 the soap box orator demanded1 and a fair-sized section of the backbone of the nation waited in leisurely patience for the answer4 ,a tired-looking woman had paused for a moment on the edge of the crowd4 ,she spoke shortly4 ,it's because so many of you men spend your time telling each other why1 'stead of hustling to see that it ain't6 ,he is a fair representative of the class-consciousness1 class-hatred type4 ,again he is represented by the theorist constitutionally and chronically too lazy to do honest and constructive work either physically or mentally4 ,again by the one who has the big-head affliction4 ,or again by the one afflicted with a species of insanity or criminality manifesting of late under the name of ,bolshevism--a self-seeking tyranny infinitely worse than ,czarism itself4 ,its representatives have proved themselves moral perverts1 determined to carry out their theories and gain their own ends by treachery1 theft1 coersion1 murder1 and every foul method that will aid them in reducing order to chaos--through the slogan of rule or ruin4 ,through brigandage1 coersion1 murder1 it gets the funds to send its agents into those countries whose governments are fully in the hands of the people1 and where if at any time injustice prevails it is solely the fault of the people in not using in an intelligent and determined manner the possessions they already have4 ,or putting it in another way1 on account of shirking the duties it is morally incumbent upon them as citizens of free governments to perform4 ,in ,america1 whose institutions have been built and maintained solely by the people1 our duty is plain1 for orderly procedure has been and ever must be our watch-word4 ,vigilance is moreover nowhere required more than in representative government4 ,whenever the red hand of anarchy1 ,bolshevism1 terrorism raises itself it should be struck so instantly and so powerfully that it has not only no time to gain adherents1 but has no time to make its escape4 ,it should be the ,federal prison for any ,american who allows himself to become so misguided as to seek to substitute terrorism and destruction for our orderly and lawful methods of procedure1 or quick deportation for any foreigner who seeks our shores to carry out these purposes1 or comes as an agent for those who would do the same4 ,organised labour has never occupied so high a position as it occupies today4 ,that the rank and file will for an instant have commerce with these agencies1 whatever any designing leader here and there may seek to do1 is inconceivable4 ,that its organisations will be sought to be used by them is just as probable4 ,its duty as to vigilance and determination is pronounced4 ,and unless vigilant and determined the set-backs it may get and the losses it may suffer are just as pronounced4 ,the spirit and temper of the ,american people is such that it will not stand for coersion1 lawlessness1 or any unfair demands4 ,public opinion is after all the court of last resort4 ,no strike or no lockout can succeed with us that hasn't that tremendous weapon1 public opinion1 behind it4 ,the necessity therefore of being fair in all demands and orderly in all procedure1 and in view of this it is also well to remember that organised labour represents but eight per cent of the actual working people of this nation4 ,the gains of organised labour in the past have been very great4 ,it is also true that the demands of organised labour even today are very great4 ,in true candor it must also be said that not only the impulse but the sincere desire of the great bulk of employers is in a conciliatory way to grant all demands of labour that are at all consistent with sound economic management1 even in many cases to a great lessening of their own profits1 as well as to maintain working conditions as befits their workers as valuable and honoured members of our body politic1 as they naturally are and as they so richly deserve4 ,for their own welfare1 however1 to say nothing of the welfare of the nation1 labour unions must purge themselves of all anarchistic and destructive elements4 ,force is a two-edged sword1 and the force of this nation when once its sense of justice and right is outraged and its temper is aroused1 will be found to be infinitely superior to any particular class1 whether it be capital or whether it be labour4 ,organised labour stands in the way to gain much by intelligent and honest work and orderly procedure4 ,and to a degree perhaps never before equalled1 does it stand in a position to lose much if through self-deception on its own part or through unworthy leadership1 it deceives itself in believing itself superior to the forces of law and order4 ,in a nation where the people through their chosen representatives and by established systems of procedure determine their own institutions1 when agitators get beyond law and reason and lose sight too completely of the law of mutuality1 there is a power backed by a force that it is mere madness to defy4 ,the rights as well as the power of all the people will be found to be infinitely superior to those of any one particular group or class--clear-seeing men and women in any democratic form of government realise that the words mutuality and self-interest bear a very close relationship4 ,the greatest gains in the relations between capital and labour during the coming few years will undoubtedly be along the lines of profit-sharing4 ,some splendid beginnings are already in successful operation4 ,there is the recognition that capital is entitled initially to a fair return2 again that labour is entitled to a good and full living wage--when both these conditions are met then that there be an equal division of the profits that remain1 between the capital and the skill and management back of the capital invested on the one hand1 and labour on the other4 ,without the former labour would have no employment in the particular enterprise2 without the workers the former could not carry on4 ,each is essential to the other4 ,labour being not a commodity1 as some material thing merely to be bought and sold1 but the human element1 is entitled to more than a living wage4 ,it has human aspirations1 and desires and needs4 ,it has not only its present but its own and its children's future to safeguard4 ,when it is thus made a partner in the business it becomes more earnest and reliable and effective in its work1 less inclined to condone the shiftless1 the incompetent1 the slacker2 more eager and resolute in withstanding the ill-founded1 reckless or sinister suggestions or efforts of an ill-advised leadership4 ,capital or employer is the gainer also1 because it is insured that loyal and more intelligent cooperation in its enterprise that is as essential to its success as is the genius and skill of management4 ,taking a different form but proving most valuable alike for management and capital on the one hand1 and its workers on the other1 is the case of one of our great industrial plants1 the largest of its kind in the world and employing many thousands of workers1 where already a trifle over forty per cent4 of its stock is in the hands of the workers4 ,their thrift and their good judgment have enabled them to take advantage of attractive prices and easy methods of payment made them by the company's management4 ,there are already many other concerns where this is true in greater or less proportion4 ,these are facts that certain types of labour agitators or even leaders as well as special pleaders for labour1 find it convenient to forget1 or at least not to mention4 ,the same is true also of the millions that are every year being paid out to make all working conditions and surroundings cheerful1 healthful1 safe2 in various forms of insurance1 in retiring pensions4 ,through the initiative of this larger type of employer1 or manager of capital1 many hundreds of thousands both men and women and in continually increasing numbers1 are being thus benefited--outside and above their yearly wage or salary4 ,a new era in connection with capital and labour has for some time been coming into being2 the era of democracy in industry has arrived4 ,the day of the autocratic sway on the part of capital has passed2 nor will we as a nation take kindly to the autocratic sway of labour4 ,it is obtaining a continually fuller recognition2 and cooperation leading in many lines to profit-sharing is the new era we are now passing into4 ,though there are very large numbers of men of great wealth1 employers and heads of industrial enterprises1 who have caught the spirit of the new industrial age upon which we have already begun to enter1 and who are glad to see labour getting its fairer share of the profits of industry and a larger recognition as partners in industry1 there are those who1 lacking both imagination and vision1 attempt to resist the tide that1 already turned1 is running in volume4 ,they are our ,american ,bourbons1 our ,american ,junkers4 ,they are1 considering the ominous undercurrents of change1 unrest and discontent that are so apparent in the entire industrial and economic world today1 our worst breeders and feeders of ,bolshevism and lawlessness4 ,if they had their way and their numbers were sufficiently large1 the flames of ,bolshevism and anarchy would be so fed that even in ,america we would have little hope of escaping a great conflagration4 ,they are the ones who are determined to see that their immense profits are uncurtailled1 whose homes must have ten bathrooms each2 while great numbers of their workers without whom they would have to close up the industry--hence their essential partners in the industry though not in name--haven't even a single bath-room and with families as large and in many cases larger4 ,they are they who must have three or four homes each1 aggregating in the millions to build and to maintain4 ,they are they who cannot see why workmen should discuss such things among themselves1 or even question them1 though in many cases they are scarcely able to make ends meet in the face of continually advancing or even soaring prices1 who never enjoy a holiday1 and are unable to lay up for the years to come1 when they will no longer be required in industry4 ,they are they therefore who have but little if any interest or care for even the physical well-being of their workers1 say nothing of their mental and spiritual well-being and enjoyments--beyond the fact that they are well enough fed and housed for the next day's work4 ,they are they who when it is suggested that1 recognizing the change and the run of the tide1 they be keen-minded enough to anticipate changing conditions and organize their business so that their workers have some joint share in its conditions and conduct1 and some share in its profits beyond a mere living wage1 reply--,i'll be damned if ,i do4 ,it doesn't require much of a prophetic sense now however1 to be able to tell them--they'll be damned if they don't4 ,there is reason to rejoice also that for the welfare of ,american institutions1 the number of this class is continually decreasing4 ,did they predominate1 with the unmistakable undercurrents of unrest1 born of a sense of injustice1 there would be in time1 and in a shorter time than we perhaps realize1 but one outcome4 ,steeped in selfishness1 making themselves impervious to all the higher leadings and impulses of the soul--less than men--they are not only enemies of their own better selves1 but enemies of the nation itself4 ,bolshevism in ,russia was born1 or rather was able to get its hold1 only through the long generations of ,czarism and the almost universal state of ignorance in which its people were held1 that preceded it4 ,the great preponderance and the continually growing numbers of men with imagination1 with a sense of care1 mutuality1 cooperation1 brotherhood1 in our various large enterprises is a force that will save this and other nations from a similar experience4 ,i have great confidence in the ,russian people4 ,its soul is sound2 and after the forces of treachery1 incompetence and terrorism have spent themselves1 and the better elements are able to organize in sufficient force to drive the beasts from its borders1 it will arise and assert itself4 ,there will be builded a new ,russia that will be one of the great and commanding nations of the world4 ,in the meantime it affords a most concrete and valuable lesson to us and to all other nations--to strike on the one hand1 the forces of treachery and lawlessness the moment they show themselves1 and on the other hand1 to see that the soil is made fertile for neither their entrance nor growth4 ,the strong nation is that in which under the leadership of universal free education and equal opportunities1 a due watch is maintained to see that the rights of all individuals and all classes are nurtured and carefully guarded4 ,in such a government the nation and its interests is and must be supreme4 ,then if built upon high ethical and moral standards where mutuality is the watch-word and the governing principle of its life1 its motto might through right1 power through justice1 it becomes a fit and effective member of the ,society of ,nations4 ,internationalism is higher than nationalism1 humanity is above the nation4 ,the stronger however the individual nation1 the stronger necessarily will be the ,society of ,nations4 ,love1 sympathy1 fellowship1 is not inconsistent with the use of force to restrain malignant evil1 in the case of nations as in the case of individuals4 ,where goodness is weak it is exploited and becomes a victim of the stronger1 when1 devoid of a sense of mutuality1 it is conscienceless4 ,strength without conscience1 goodness1 ungoverned by the law of mutuality1 becomes tyranny4 ,in seeking its own ends it violates every law of ,god and man4 ,for the safety therefore of the better life of the world1 for the very safety and welfare of the ,society of ,nations1 those nations that combine strength with goodness1 strength with good-will1 strength with an ever-growing sense of mutuality1 which is the only law of a happy1 orderly1 and advancing human life1 must combine to check the power of any people or nation still devoid of the knowledge of this law1 lest goodness1 truth and all the higher instincts and potentialities of life1 even freedom itself perish from the earth4 ,this can be done and must be done not through malice or hatred1 but through a sense of right and duty4 ,there is no more diabolical1 no more damnable ambition on the part of individuals1 organizations or nations than to rule1 to gain domination over the minds and the lives of others either for the sake of power and domination or for the material gain that can be made to flow therefrom4 ,as a rule1 however1 it is both4 ,there is nothing more destructive to the higher moral and ethical life of the individual or the organization controlled by this desire1 nothing so destructive to the life of the one or ones so dominated1 and as a consequence to the life of society itself as this evil and prostituting desire and purpose4 ,where this has become the clearly controlling motive1 malignant and deep-seated1 if in the case of a nation1 then it is the duty of those nations that combine strength with character1 strength with goodness1 to combine to check the evil wrought by such a nation4 ,if by persuasion and good-will1 well and good4 ,if not1 then through the exercise of a restraining force4 ,this is not contrary to the law of love1 for the love of the good is the controlling motive4 ,it is only thus that the higher moral law which for its growth and consummation is dependent upon individuals1 can grow and gain supremacy in the world4 ,intellectual independence and acumen1 combined with a love of truth1 goodness1 righteousness1 love and service for others1 is the greatest aid there can be in carrying out the ,divine plan and purpose in the world4 ,the sword of love therefore becomes the sword of righteousness that cuts out the cancerous growth that is given from to by malignant ill will2 the sword of righteousness that strikes down slavery and oppression2 the sword of righteousness therefore that becomes the sword of civilization4 ,it is a weapon that does not have to be always used however2 for when its power is once clearly understood it is feared4 ,its deterrent power becomes therefore infinitely more effective than in its actual use4 ,so in any new world settlement1 any nation or group that is not up to this moral world standard1 that would seek to impose its will and its institutions upon any other nations for the sake of domination1 or to rob them of their goods1 must be restrained through the federated power of the other nations1 not by forcing their own beliefs or codes or institutions upon it1 but by restraining it and making ineffective any ambitions or purposes that it may plan1 or until its people whatever its leadership may be1 are brought clearly and concretely to see that such methods do not pay4 ,that ,jesus to whom we ultimately go for our moral leadership1 not only sanctioned1 but used and advocated the use of righteous force1 when malignant evil in the form of self-seeking sought domination1 either intellectual or physical1 for its own selfish gain and aggrandizement1 is clearly evidenced by many of his own sayings and his own acts4 ,so within the nation during this great reconstruction period1 these are times that call for heroic men and women4 ,in a ,democracy or in any representative form of government an alert citizenship is its only safety4 ,with a vastly increased voting population1 in that many millions of women citizens are now admitted to full citizenship1 the need for intelligent action and attention to matters of government was never so great4 ,great numbers will be herded and voted by organizations as well as by machines4 ,as these will comprise the most ignorant and therefore the herdable ones1 it is especially incumbent upon the great rank and file of intelligent women to see that they take and maintain an active interest in public affairs4 ,politics is something that we cannot evade except to the detriment of our country and thereby to our own detriment4 ,politics is but another word for government4 ,and in a sense we the individual voter are the government and unless we make matters of government our own concern1 there are organizations and there are groups of designing men who will steal in and get possession for their own selfish aggrandizement and gain4 ,this takes sometimes the form of power1 to be traded for other power1 or concessions2 but always if you will trace far enough1 eventual money gain4 ,or again it takes the form of graft and even direct loot4 ,the losses that are sustained through a lowered citizenship1 through inefficient service1 through a general debauchery of public institutions1 through increased taxation to make up for the amounts that are drawn off in graft and loot are well nigh incalculable--and for the sole reason that you and ,i1 average citizens1 do not take the active personal interest in our own matters of government that we should take4 ,clericalism1 ,tammanyism1 ,bolshevism1 ,syndicalism--and all in the guise of interest in the people--get their holds and their profits in this way4 ,it is essential that we be locally wise and history wise4 ,any class or section or organization that is less than the nation itself must be watched and be made to keep its own place1 or it becomes a menace to the free and larger life of the nation4 ,even in the case of a great national crisis a superior patriotism is affected and paraded in order that it may camouflage its other and real activities4 ,when at times we forget ourselves and speak of rights rather than duties in connection with our country1 it were well to recall and to repeat the words of ,franklin3 ,the sun never repents of the good he does nor does he ever demand a recompense4 ,not only is constant vigilance incumbent upon us1 but realising the fact that the boys and the girls of today are the citizens of tomorrow--the nation's voters and law-makers--it is incumbent upon us to see that ,american free education through ,american free public schools1 is advanced to and maintained at its highest possibilities1 and kept free from any agencies that will make for a divided or anything less than a whole-hearted and intelligent citizenship4 ,the motto on the ,shakespeare statue at ,leicester ,square in ,london3 ,there is no darkness but ignorance1 might well be reproduced in every city and every hamlet in the nation4 ,late revelations have shown how even education can be manipulated and prostituted for ulterior purposes4 ,parochial schools whether ,protestant1 ,catholic1 ,jewish1 or ,oriental1 have no place in ,american institutions--and whether their work is carried on in ,english or in a foreign language4 ,they are absolutely foreign to the spirit of our institutions4 ,they are purely for the sake of something less than the nation itself4 ,blind indeed are we if we are not history-wise4 ,criminal indeed are we to allow any boys or girls to be diverted to them and to be deprived of the advantages of a better schooling and being brought under the influences of agencies that are thoroughly and wholly ,american4 ,american education must be made for ,american institutions and for nothing less than this4 ,the nation's children should be shielded from any power that seeks to get possession of them in order at an early and unaccountable age to fasten authority upon them1 and to drive a wedge between them and all others of the nation4 ,the nation has a duty to every child within its borders4 ,to fail to recognize or to shirk that duty1 will call for a price to be paid sometime as great as that that has been paid by every other nation that did not see until too late4 ,sectarianism in education stultifies and robs the child and nullifies the finest national instincts in education4 ,it is for but one purpose--the use and the power of the organization that plans and that fosters it4 ,our government profiting by the long weary struggles of other countries1 is founded upon the absolute separation of church and state4 ,this does not mean the separation of religion in its true sense from the state2 but keeping it free from every type of sectarian influence and domination4 ,it is ours to see that no silent subtle influences are at work1 that will eventually make the same trouble here as in other countries1 or that will thrust out the same stifling hand to undermine and to throttle universal free public education1 and the inalienable right that every child has to it4 ,our children are the wards of and accountable to the state--they are not the property of any organization1 group or groups1 less than the state4 ,we need the creation of a strong ,federal ,department of ,education of cabinet rank1 with ample means and strong powers to be the guiding genius of all our state and local departments of education1 with greater attention paid to a more thorough and concrete training in civics1 in moral and ethical education1 in addition to the other well recognized branches in public school education4 ,it should have such powers also as will enable it to see that every child is in school up to a certain age1 or until all the fundamentals of a prescribed standard of ,american education are acquired4 ,a recent tabulation made public by a ,federal ,deputy ,commissioner of ,naturalization has shown that a little over one tenth1 in round numbers1 #aa1jjj1jjj1 of our population is composed of unnaturalized aliens4 ,even this however tells but a part of the story2 for vast numbers of even those who have become naturalized1 have in no sense become ,americanized4 ,speaking of this class an able editorial in a recent number of one of our leading ,new ,york dailies has said3 ,of the millions of aliens who have gone through the legal forms of naturalization a very large proportion have not in any sense been ,americanized1 and1 though citizens1 they are still alien in habits of thought1 in speech and in their general attitude toward the community4 ,there are industrial centres not far from ,new ,york ,city that are wholly foreign4 ,there are sections of this city that--except as the children through the schools and association with others of their own age yield to change--are intensely alien4 ,to penetrate these barriers and open new avenues of communication with the people who live within them is no longer a task to be performed by individual effort4 ,americanization is a work that must be undertaken and directed on a scale so extensive that only through the cooperation of the ,states and the ,federal ,government can it be successfully carried out4 ,it cannot longer be neglected without serious harm to the life and welfare of the ,nation4 ,some even more startling facts are given out in figures by the ,department of the ,interior1 figures supplied to it by the ,surgeon ,general's ,office of the ,army4 ,the ,war ,department records show that #bd4i per cent4 of the draft army examined by that department's agents were unable to read and understand a newspaper1 or to write letters home4 ,in one draft in ,new ,york ,state in ,may1 #aiah1 #af4f per cent4 were classed as illiterate4 ,in one draft in connection with ,south ,carolina troops in ,july1 #aiah1 #di4e per cent4 where classed as illiterate4 ,in one draft in connection with ,minnesota troops in ,july of the same year1 #ad4b per cent4 were classed as illiterate4 ,in other words it means for example that in ,new ,york ,state we have in round numbers #gjj1jjj men between #ba and #ca years of age who are illiterate4 ,the same source reveals the fact that in the nation in round numbers over #aj1jjj1jjj are either illiterate or without a knowledge of our language4 ,the ,south is the home of most of the wholly uneducated1 the ,north of those of foreign speech4 ,and in speaking of this class a recent editorial in another representative ,new ,york daily1 after making mention of one industrial centre but a few miles out of ,new ,york ,city1 in ,new ,jersey1 where nearly #af out of every #ajj cannot read ,english1 has said3 ,such people may enjoy the advantages ,america offers4 ,of its spirit and institutions they can comprehend nothing4 ,they are the easy dupes of foreign agitators1 unassimilable1 an element of weakness in the social body that might easily be converted into an element of strength4 ,many of them have the vote1 controlled by leaders interested only in designs alien to ,america's welfare4 ,the problem is national in scope 99 99 994 ,the best way to keep ,bolshevism out of ,america is to reduce ignorance of our speech and everything else to a minimum4 ,however alert our immigration officers may be1 foreign agents of social disorder are sure to pass through our doors1 and as long as we allow children to grow up among us who have no means of finding out the meaning of our laws and forms of government the seeds of discontent will be sown in congenial soil4 ,profoundly true also are the following words from an editorial in still another ,new ,york daily in dealing with that great army of #gjj1jjj illiterates within the ,state1 or rather that portion of them who are adults of foreign birth3 ,the first thing to do is to teach them1 and make them realize that a knowledge of the ,english language is a prerequisite of first class ,american citizenship4 99 99 99 ,the wiping out of illiteracy is a foundation stone in building up a strong population1 able and worthy to hold its own in the world4 ,with the disappearance of illiteracy and of the ignorance of the language of the country will also disappear many of the trouble-breeding problems which have held back immigrants in gaining their fair share of real prosperity1 the intelligence and self-respect which are vital ingredients in any good citizenship4 ,real freedom of life and character cannot be enjoyed by the man or woman whose whole life is passed upon the inferior plane of ignorance and prejudice4 ,teach them all how to deserve the benefits of life in ,america1 and they will soon learn how to gain and protect them4 ,it is primarily among the ignorant and illiterate that ,bolshevism1 anarchy1 political rings1 and every agency that attempts through self-seeking to sow the seeds of discontent1 treachery1 and disloyalty1 works to exploit them and to herd them for political ends4 ,no man can have that respect for himself1 or feel that he has the respect due him from others as an honest and diligent worker1 whatever his line of work1 who is handicapped by the lack of an ordinary education4 ,the heart of the ,american nation is sound4 ,through universal free public education it must be on the alert and be able to see through ,bourbonism and understand its methods on the one hand1 and ,bolshevism on the other2 and be determined through intelligent action to see that ,american soil is made uncongenial to both4 ,our chief problem is to see that ,democracy is made safe for and made of real service to the world4 ,our ,american education must be made continually more keenly alive to the great moral1 ethical and social needs of the time4 ,thereby it will be made religious without having any sectarian slant or bias2 it will be made safe for and the hand-maid of ,democracy and not a menace to it4 ,vast multitudes today are seeing as never before that the moral and ethical foundations of the nation's and the world's life is a matter of primal concern to all4 ,we are finding more and more that the simple fundamentals of life and conduct as portrayed by the ,christ of ,nazareth not only constitutes a great idealism1 but the only practical way of life4 ,compared to this and to the need that it come more speedily and more universally into operation in the life of the world today1 truly sectarian peculiarities are obsolete impertinences4 ,our time needs again more the prophet and less the priest4 ,it needs the ,god-impelled life and voice of the prophet with his face to the future1 both ,god-ward and man-ward1 burning with an undivided devotion to truth and righteousness4 ,it needs less the priest1 too often with his back to the future and too often the pliant tool of the organisation whose chief concern is1 and ever has been1 the preservation of itself under the ostensible purpose of the preservation of the truth once delivered1 the same that ,jesus with his keen powers of penetration saw killed the ,spirit as a high moral guide and as an inspirer to high and unself-centred endeavour1 and that he characterised with such scathing scorn4 ,there are splendid exceptions2 but this is the rule now even as it was in his day4 ,the prophet is concerned with truth1 not a system2 with righteousness1 not custom2 with justice1 not expediency4 ,is there a man who would dare say that if ,christianity--the ,christianity of the ,christ--had been actually in vogue1 in practice in all the countries of ,christendom during the last fifty years1 during the last twenty-five years1 that this colossal and gruesome war would ever have come about8 ,no clear-thinking and honest man would or could say that it would4 ,we need again the voice of the prophet1 clear-seeing1 high-purposed1 and unafraid4 ,we need again the touch of the prophet's hand to lead us back to those simple fundamental teachings of the ,christ of ,nazareth1 that are life-giving to the individual1 and that are world-saving4 ,we speak of our ,christian civilisation1 and the common man1 especially in times like these1 asks what it is1 where it is--and ,god knows that we have been for many hundred years wandering in the wilderness4 ,he is thinking that the ,kingdom of ,god on earth that the true teachings of ,jesus predicated1 and that he laboured so hard to actualise1 needs some speeding up4 ,there is a world-wide yearning for spiritual peace and righteousness on the part of the common man4 ,he is finding it occasionally in established religion1 but often1 perhaps more often1 independently of it4 ,he is finding it more often through his own contact and relations with the ,man of ,nazareth--for him the ,god-man4 ,there is no greater fact in our time1 and there is no greater hope for the future than is to be found in this fact4 ,jesus gave the great principles1 the animating spirit of life1 not minute details of conduct4 ,the real ,church of ,christ is not an hierarchy1 an institution1 it is a brotherhood--the actual establishing of the ,kingdom of ,god in moral1 ethical and social terms in the world4 ,among the last words penned by ,dr4 ,john ,watson--,ian ,maclaren--good churchman1 splendid writer1 but above all independent thinker and splendid man1 were the following3 ,was it not the chief mistake and also the hopeless futility of ,pharisaism to meddle with the minute affairs of life1 and to lay down what a man should do at every turn8 ,it was not therefore an education of conscience1 but a bondage of conscience2 it did not bring men to their full stature by teaching them to face their own problems of duty and to settle them1 it kept them in a state of childhood1 by forbidding and commanding in every particular of daily life4 ,pharisaism1 therefore1 whether ,jewish or ,gentile1 ancient or modern1 which replaces the moral law by casuistry1 and the enlightened judgment of the individual by the confessional1 creates a narrow character and mechanical morals4 ,freedom is the birthright of the soul1 and it is by the discipline of life the soul finds itself4 ,it were a poor business to be towed across the pathless ocean of this world to the next2 by the will of ,god and for our good we must sail the ship ourselves1 and steer our own course4 ,it is the work of the ,bible to show us the stars and instruct us how to take our reckoning 99 99 994 ,jesus did not tell us what to do1 for that were impossible1 as every man has his own calling1 and is set in by his own circumstances1 but ,jesus has told us how to carry ourselves in the things we have to do1 and ,he has put the heart in us to live becomingly1 not by pedantic rules1 but by an instinct of nobility4 ,jesus is the supreme teacher of the ,bible and ,he came not to forbid or to command1 but to place the ,kingdom of ,god as a living force1 and perpetual inspiration within the soul of man1 and then1 to leave him in freedom and in grace to fulfil himself4,g ,we no longer admit that ,christ is present and at work only when a minister is expounding the gospel or some theological precept or conducting some ordained observance in the pulpit2 or that religion is only when it is labelled as such and is within the walls of a church4 ,that belonged to the chapter in ,christianity that is now rapidly closing1 a chapter of good works and results--but so pitiably below its possibilities4 ,so pitiably below because men had been taught and without sufficient thought accepted the teaching that to be a ,christian was to hold certain beliefs about the ,christ that had been formulated by early groups of men and that had come down through the centuries4 ,the chapter that is now opening upon the world is the one that puts ,christ's own teachings in the simple1 frank1 and direct manner in which he gave them1 to the front4 ,it makes life1 character1 conduct1 human concern and human service of greater importance than mere matters of opinion4 ,it makes eager and unremitting work for the establishing of the ,kingdom of ,god1 the kingdom of right relations between men1 here on this earth1 the essential thing4 ,it insists that the telling test as to whether a man is a ,christian is how much of the ,christ spirit is in evidence in his life--and in every phase of his life4 ,gripped by this idea which for a long time the forward-looking and therefore the big men in them have been striving for1 our churches in the main are moving forward with a new1 a dauntless1 and a powerful appeal4 ,differences that have sometimes separated them on account of differences of opinion1 whether in thought or interpretation1,h are now found to be so insignificant when compared to the actual simple fundamentals that the ,master taught1 and when compared to the work to be done1 that a great ,interallied ,church ,movement is now taking concrete and strong working form1 that is equipping the church for a mighty and far-reaching ,christian work4 ,a new and great future lies immediately ahead4 ,the good it is equipping itself to accomplish is beyond calculation--a work in which minister and layman will have equal voice and equal share4 ,it will receive also great inspiration and it will eagerly strike hands with all allied movements that are following the same leader1 but along different roads4 ,britain's apostle of brotherhood and leader of the ,brotherhood ,movement there1 ,rev4 ,tom ,sykes1 who has caught so clearly the ,master's own basis of ,christianity--love for and union with ,god1 love for and union with the brother--has recently put so much stimulating truth into a single paragraph that ,i reproduce it here3 ,the emergence of the feeling of kinship with the ,unseen is the most arresting and revealing fact of human history4 99 99 99 ,the union with ,god is not through the display of ritual1 but the affiliation and conjunction of life4 ,we do not believe we are in a universe that has screens and folds1 where the spiritual commerce of man has to be conducted on the principle of secret diplomacy4 ,the universe is frank and open1 and ,god is straightforward and honourable4 ,in making the spirit and practice of brotherliness the test of religious value1 we are at one with ,him who said3 ',inasmuch as ye do it unto one of the least--ye do it unto me4' ,we touch the ,father when we help ,his child4 ,jesus taught us not to come to ,god asking1 art ,thou this or that8 but to call ,him ,father and live upon it4 ,do not admit that many of our ,brotherhood meetings are in 'neutral' or 'secular' halls and buildings6 ',where two or three gather in ,my name1 there am ,i4' ,where ,he is1 there is hallowed ground4 ,we need a stock-taking and a mobilisation of our spiritual forces4 ,but what1 after all1 does this mean8 ,search as we may we are brought back every time to this same ,man of ,nazareth1 the ,god-man--,son of ,man and ,son of ,god4 ,and gathering it into a few brief sentences it is this3 ,jesus' great revelation was this consciousness of ,god in the individual life1 and to this he witnessed in a supreme and masterly way1 because this he supremely realised and lived4 ,faith in him and following him does not mean acquiring some particular notion of ,god or some particular belief about him himself4 ,it is the living in one's own life of this same consciousness of ,god as one's source and ,father1 and a living in these same filial relations with him of love and guidance and care that ,jesus entered into and continuously lived4 ,when this is done there is no problem and no condition in the individual life that it will not clarify1 mould1 and therefore take care of2 for ,greek transliteration3 me merimnate te psyche hymon--do not worry about your life--was the ,master's clear-cut command4 ,are we ready for this high type of spiritual adventure8 ,not only are we assured of this great and mighty truth that the ,master revealed and going ahead of us lived1 that under this supreme guidance we need not worry about the things of the life1 but that under this ,divine guidance we need not think even of the life itself1 if for any reason it becomes our duty or our privilege to lay it down4 ,witnessing for truth and standing for truth he again preceded us in this4 ,but this1 this love for ,god or rather this state that becomes the natural and the normal life when we seek the ,kingdom1 and the ,divine rule becomes dominant and operative in mind and heart1 leads us directly back to his other fundamental3 ,thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself4 ,for if ,god is my ,father and if he cares for me in this way--and every other man in the world is my brother and ,he cares for him in exactly the same way--then by the sanction of ,god his ,father ,i haven't anything on my brother2 and by the love of ,god my ,father my brother hasn't anything on me4 ,it is but the most rudimentary commonsense then1 that we be considerate one of another1 that we be square and decent one with another4 ,we will do well as children of the same ,father to sit down and talk matters over2 and arise with the conclusion that the advice of ,jesus1 our elder brother1 is sound3 ,therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you1 do ye even so to them4 ,he gave it no label1 but it has subsequently become known as the ,golden ,rule4 ,there is no higher rule and no greater developer of the highest there is in the individual human life1 and no greater adjuster and beautifier of the problems of our common human life4 ,and when it becomes sufficiently strong in its action in this1 the world awaits its projection into its international life4 ,this is the truth that he revealed--the twofold truth of love to ,god and love for the neighbour1 that shall make men free4 ,the truth of the ,man of ,nazareth still holds and shall hold1 and we must realise this adequately before we ask or can expect any other revelation4 ,we are in a time of great changes4 ,the discovery of new laws and therefore of new truth necessitates changes and necessitates advances4 ,but whatever changes or advances may come1 the ,divine reality still survives1 independent of ,jesus it is true1 but as the world knows him still better1 it will give to him its supreme gratitude and praise1 in that he was the most perfect revealer of ,god to man1 of ,god in man1 and the most concrete in that he embodied and lived this truth in his own matchless human-divine life2 and stands as the ,god-man to which the world is gradually approaching4 ,for as ,goethe has said--,we can never get beyond the spirit of ,jesus4 ,love it is1 he taught1 that brings order out of chaos1 that becomes the solvent of the riddle of life1 and however cynical1 skeptical1 or practical we may think at times we may be1 a little quiet clear-cut thought will bring us each time back to the truth that it is the essential force that leads away from the tooth and the claw of the jungle1 that lifts life up from and above the clod4 ,love is the world's balance-wheel2 and as the warming and ennobling element of sympathy1 care and consideration radiates from it1 increasing one's sense of mutuality1 which in turn leads to fellowship1 cooperation1 brotherhood1 a holy and diviner conception and purpose of life is born1 that makes human life more as it should be1 as it must be--as it will be4 ,i love to feel that when one makes glad the heart of any man1 woman1 child1 or animal1 he makes glad the heart of ,god--and ,i somehow feel that it is true4 ,as our household fires radiate their genial warmth1 and make more joyous and more livable the lot of all within the household walls1 so life in its larger scope and in all its human relations1 becomes more genial and more livable and reveals more abundantly the deeper riches of its diviner nature1 as it is made more open and more obedient to the higher powers of mind and spirit4 ,do you know that incident in connection with the little ,scottish girl8 ,she was trudging along1 carrying as best she could a boy younger1 but it seemed almost as big as she herself1 when one remarked to her how heavy he must be for her to carry1 when instantly came the reply3 ,he's na heavy4 ,he's mi brither4 ,simple is the incident2 but there is in it a truth so fundamental that pondering upon it1 it is enough to make many a man1 to whom dogma or creed make no appeal1 a ,christian--and a mighty engine for good in the world4 ,and more--there is in it a truth so fundamental and so fraught with potency and with power1 that its wider recognition and projection into all human relations would reconstruct a world4 ,i saw the mountains stand ,silent1 wonderful1 and grand1 ,looking out across the land ,when the golden light was falling ,on distant dome and spire2 ,and ,i heard a low voice calling1 ,come up higher1 come up higher1 ,from the lowland and the mire1 ,from the mist of earth desire1 ,from the vain pursuit of pelf4 ,from the attitude of self3 ,come up higher1 come up higher4 ,james ,g4 ,clark ,,footnotes3 ,footnote ,a3 ,the ,emmanuel ,movement in ,boston in connection with ,emmanuel ,church1 inaugurated some time ago under the leadership and direction of two well-known ministers1 ,dr4 ,worcester and ,dr4 ,mc,comb1 and a well-known physician1 ,dr4 ,coriat1 and similar movements in other cities is an attestation of this4 ,that most valuable book under the joint authorship of these three men3 ,religion and ,medicine1 ,moffat1 ,yard and ,company1 ,new ,york1 will be found of absorbing interest and of great practical value by many4 ,the amount of valuable as well as interesting and reliable material that it contains is indeed remarkable4 ,footnote ,b3 ,war and ,laughter1 by ,james ,oppenheim--,the ,century ,company1 ,new ,york4 ,footnote ,c3 ,henry ,holt in ,cosmic ,relations4 ,footnote ,d3 ,from a notable article in the ,new ,york ,times ,magazine1 ,sunday1 ,april #a1 #aiag1 by ,george ,w4 ,perkins1 chairman ,mayor's ,food ,supply ,commission4 ,footnote ,e3 ,is not this the carpenter1 the son of ,mary1 the brother of ,james1 and ,joses1 and of ,juda1 and ,simon8 ,and are his sisters not here with us8--,mark #f3c4 ,footnote ,f3 ,from that strong1 splendid poem ,buttadeus1 by ,william ,samuel ,johnson4 ,footnote ,g3 ,god's ,message to the ,human ,soul--,revell4 ,footnote ,h3 ,the thought of the layman in practically all of our churches is much the same as that of ,mr4 ,lloyd ,george when he said3 ,the ,church to which ,i belong is torn with a fierce dispute2 one part says it is baptism into the name of the ,father1 and the other that it is baptism in the name of the ,father4 ,i belong to one of these parties4 ,i feel most strongly about this4 ,i would die for it1 but ,i forget which it is4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcriber's ,notes ,made minor punctuation1 spelling1 and hyphenation changes for consistency4 ,corrected the following typos3 ,page #ha3 ,changed ,pharasaic to ,pharisaic4 7come into being a ,pharisaic legalism7 ,page #adj3 ,changed subconsious to subconscious4 7the slumbering subconsious mind7 ,page #aic3 ,changed independant to independent4 7guided by their own independant judgment7 ,page #bag3 ,changed terriffic to terrific4 7,what a terriffic price to pay to learn the lesson7 ,page #bba3 ,changed symathy to sympathy4 7,he had1 as we have seen1 infinite symathy for and forbearance7 ,page #bcb3 ,changed accompaniament to accompaniment4 7,misunderstanding is not infrequently its accompaniament47 ,page #bcg3 ,changed viligant to vigilant4 7,and unless viligant and determined7 ,page #bde3 ,changed tyrany to tyranny4 7ungoverned by the law of mutuality1 becomes tyrany47 ,page #bde3 ,changed malignent to malignant4 7the use of force to restrain malignent evil17 ,page #bec3 ,changed inaliable to inalienable4 7the inaliable right that every child has7 ,page #beh3 ,changed impertinances to impertinences4 7sectarian peculiarities are obsolete impertinances47 ,page #bei3 ,changed ,chrisitianity to ,christianity4 7,chrisitianity of the ,christ7 ,page #bfj3 ,changed heirarchy to hierarchy4 7,the real ,church of ,christ is not an heirarchy17 ,page #bfb3 ,changed that to than4 7human service of greater importance that mere matters of opinion47