,the ,christian ,foundation1            
,or1                         ,scientific
 and ,religious ,journal                
,vol4 #a4 ,no #b4                       
,february1 #ahhj4            ,,contents 
,the ,influence ,of ,the ,bible ,upon   
,civil ,and ,religious ,liberty4        
,liberty ,of ,conscience4  ,the         
,orthodoxy ,of ,atheism ,and            
,ingersolism1 ,by ,rev4 ,s4 ,l4         
,tyrrell4  ,the ,shasters ,and ,vedas1  
,and ,the ,chinese1 ,government1        
,religion1 ,etc4  ,ancient ,cosmogonies4
  ,some ,of ,the ,beauties 787 ,of      
,harmony ,among ,unbelievers4  ,is ,god 
,the ,author ,of ,deception ,and        
,falsehood8  ,darwinism ,weighed ,in    
,the ,balances4  ,was ,it ,possible8    
,,the ,,influence ,,of ,,the ,,bible    
,,upon ,,civil ,,and ,,religious        
,,liberty4      ,civil government is a  
state of society in which men are       
reduced to order2  it is a government in
 which every citizen has full power over
 his own  rights1 but is not at liberty 

to infringe upon the rights of others4  
,the  deepest thought in the word civil 
is the idea of being hedged around by   
restraints1 so as to be shut in from all
 privilege1 or right1 of meddling  with 
the rights of others4 ,the ,welsh use   
the word 8cau10 to shut1 inclose1       
fence1 hedge4    ,civil liberty is      
liberty modified by the rights of       
others4 ,no man has a  right1 by any    
,divine warrant1 to infringe upon the   
rights of another2 and  cannot do it    
without forfeiting more or less of his  
own4 ,this thought1  that a man may     
forfeit his rights1 is as essential to  
proper conceptions  of civil government1
 and civil liberty1 as the thought that 
a man has  rights2 for if there be no   
forfeiture of rights through crime1 then
 all  legal punishments are without     
foundation in justice2 even the right of
  self-defense1 individually and        
nationally1 ceases to exist4 ,and if    
this be  taken away1 all support and    
strength in civil government is gone2   

anarchy  and ruin only may remain4 ,in  
all civilized nations a man is regarded 
as  forfeiting his right1 even to life1 
by trampling upon the life-right  of    
another1 and1 while the danger lasts1   
the assailed may defend his life1  in   
the absence of any other defense1 even  
at the expense of the life of  the      
assailant4 ,to deny this doctrine of the
 right of self-defense1 it is  only     
necessary that we deny that a man can   
forfeit the right of life4 ,to  do this 
is equal to the affirmation that ,god is
 the author of coexisting  and          
conflicting rights4 ,such rights can    
exist only at the expense of the        
destruction of all governments1 both    
human and ,divine1 as well as all       
healthy influences of social            
institutions4 ,it is essential to civil 
liberty to restrain men from all        
interference with the rights of others4 
,the greatest degree of civil liberty is
 enjoyed where men are successfully     
restrained from such officious          

interposition4 ,a people may enjoy civil
  liberty without extending the right of
 suffrage to all ages and to both       
sexes2 without making all eligible to   
office2 without abolishing paternal     
authority over minors2 without          
abolishing the punishment of criminals1 
or  the right of the ,state to the      
service of its citizens when the public 
good  requires it4    ,the word civil   
also signifies courteous1 complaisant1  
gentle and  obliging1 well-bred1        
affable1 kind4 ,from this it will be    
seen that civil  government depends upon
 the intelligence and righteousness of  
the people4  ,the absence of all legal  
demands and all legal restraints would  
be the  absence of all government4 ,it  
would be libertinism or lawlessness4    
,the  great majority of men1 from the   
earliest ages of the world to the       
present  time1 have been under the      
control of tyrants1 and have known      
little  exemption from despotic rule4   
,there is not a single ,pagan1          

,mahomedan1 or  anti-,christian country 
to-day in which the spirit of liberty   
has an  abiding place4 ,she may have    
brooded over them at intervals1 but1    
like  ,noah's bird1 found no resting    
place4    ,the influence of the ,bible  
preventing the young1 the mature1 and   
the aged  from crime1 causing men and   
women to love and respect our humanity1 
is of  necessity to the same extent the 
very life of civil government1 and      
consequently the life of civil liberty4 
,it has been said the ,bible is the     
great protector and guardian of the     
liberties of men4 ,it was an axiom in   
an apostate church1 that ignorance is   
the mother of devotion2 but the true    
origin of this axiom is that ignorance  
which fastens the chains of civil  and  
ecclesiastic despotism4    ,it is not   
possible for a people thoroughly under  
the influence of the  teachings of the  
religion of ,christ to be ignorant of   
their own rights and  the responsibility
 of their rulers4 ,where the teachings  

of ,christ and the  ,bible form public  
opinion the people must be free4 ,no    
such tyrant as  ,caligula or ,nero would
 be tolerated in ,protestant            
,christendom4 ,the  necessary effect of 
,christianity upon an abused people is  
to make them  restless under a tyrant's 
yoke4 ,the author of ,travels in        
,england1 ,france1  ,spain and the      
,barbary ,states1 although an enemy to  
the ,bible1 said1 after  leaving the    
,barbary ,states and arriving in        
,france1 ,i could breathe more  freely4 
,i no longer looked upon my fellow men  
with distrust1 and ,i thanked  ,god that
 ,i was once more in a ,christian land4 
,when we survey the history  of past    
events and kingdoms we1 too1 find good  
reasons to thank the ,lord  for a       
,christian land4 ,the only authoritative
 history of remote events and  kingdoms 
is in the writings of ,moses and the    
,prophets4 ,in the times of  ,moses     
there were no historical records in     
,greece1 ,chaldea1 ,phoenicia1  ,egypt  

or ,assyria4 ,no other historian lived  
so remote as ,moses4 ,he was five       
hundred years before ,sanconiathan1 and 
more than a thousand years before       
,manetho4 ,he has been called the father
 of history4 ,men have claimed that     
astronomical calculations carry us      
farther back1 but this claim has been   
successfully refuted by the calculations
 of ,bedford4 ,there is a fact upon     
record in ,gillie's history of ,greece  
that confirms ,bedford's calculations4  
,this man says3 ,after ,alexander       
conquered ,babylon he eagerly demanded  
the  astronomical calculations that had 
been preserved in that ancient capital  
about nineteen centuries1 and ordered   
them faithfully transcribed and  handed 
to ,aristotle1 who was the preceptor of 
this prince4 ,they extended  back twenty
 two hundred and thirty-four years      
behind the ,christian era4  ,there is no
 reliable history so ancient as the     
writings of ,moses4 ,all the  efforts   
between ,moses and ,david are without   

regular form--a mass of  rearranged     
tradition1 both fabulous and corrupt2   
long after the times of  ,david the     
pages of writers regarded authentic1 are
 loaded with absurd and  disgusting     
fictions4    ,nimrod's kingdom was      
,babel1 and he was a tyrant1 instigating
 war and  bloodshed everywhere1 laying  
the nations under tribute and           
transmitting  his tyrannical spirit and 
powers from son to son1 until the       
,egyptians  drove his descendants into  
,canaan and ,joshua drove them into     
,greece4 ,ninus  inherited the spirit of
 his father1 and the history of his     
empire1 until  it was overthrown by the 
,babylonians and ,medes1 is a history of
 absolute  ,assyrian despotism4    ,the 
,babylonian ,empire was no better from  
the revolt of ,nebopolassar to its      
destruction by ,cyrus4 ,egypt and       
,persia were also equally deprived of   
the  blessings of civil liberty4 ,greece
 and ,rome were in no better condition  
with the exceptions of a few            

restrictions consequent upon ,greece    
being  controlled by established customs
 and ,rome by the ,senate4 ,these       
nations  were comparatively free1 but   
their freedom did not grow out of a     
comprehension of the rights of their    
citizens4    ,the ,jewish ,republic is  
the first ancient government where the  
people  exerted any proper influence in 
state affairs4 ,it is worthy of special 
consideration that the ,jewish laws were
 adapted to civil liberty in an age     
when human rights were so little        
understood4 ,there is no one work so    
full  of the great principles of civil  
wisdom as the ,pentateuch and the       
history  of ,judah and ,israel4 ,they   
were free in choosing their form of     
government2  free in the establishment  
of their laws2 free in the fact that    
their laws  governed and not men4 ,their
 form of government was republican1 with
  healthy limitations4 ,twelve tribes   
were united in one great republic like  
so many confederated states bound       

together for purposes of defence4 ,at   
first ,god was their king4 ,after awhile
 they desired another king1 and  their  
form of government was changed to a     
limited monarchy upon their own         
request4 ,their kings did not enter upon
 their duties until they were  accepted 
and crowned by the people1 and then they
 were restricted in their  power by     
sworn stipulations4    ,bad men do not  
make good citizens4 ,there never was a  
nation of infidels or  idolaters1       
existing as such1 in the enjoyment of   
freedom4 ,holland was free  as long as  
she was virtuous4 ,she flourished as a  
republic1 produced great  and learned   
statesmen2 she became corrupt1 and      
infidelity banished her  glory4    ,when
 ,perrier1 of ,france1 the successor of 
,lafayette in the office of ,prime      
,minister to ,louis ,phillipe1 was on   
his death bed he exclaimed1 with much   
emphasis and zeal1 8,france must have   
religion0--man must be governed by      
moral truth or by despotic power4       

,liberty does not flourish without      
morality1 nor morality without the      
religion of the ,bible4 ,the love of    
law1  the love of wisdom1 the love of   
benevolent institutions1 and the love of
  virtue makes a people free4 ,when     
these are absent tyrants are present4   
,when a nation becomes corrupt1 liberty 
degenerates into parties and  factions  
until the stubborn necessity of the     
strong arm of despotism makes  its      
appearance to control the passions of   
men4 ,if pride1 selfishness1 love  of   
gold1 thirst for power and              
licentiousness1 are not controlled      
liberty  will die4 ,it may be truthfully
 said that the high-toned principles of 
,bible morality are necessary to the    
good of all classes4 ,these1 and only   
these1 will unite a people in one grand 
national brotherhood1 wiping out  its   
factions and hatred1 extinguishing party
 spirit and bringing all the  parts into
 one great whole4 ,many minds are so    
opposed to the ,bible that  they are    

inclined to oppose any government based 
upon its contents4 ,this  is a fearful  
current1 and we should always watch     
against being carried  away upon its    
turbid waters4 ,ours is a ,christian    
land1 and we shall be a  free people as 
long as we remain a ,christian people4  
,while the ,bible is  loved and honored 
our freedom will continue2 beyond this  
there is nothing  to hinder us from     
degenerating into slavery4 ,all great   
struggles in  ,christian lands have been
 great moral and political struggles4   
,,liberty ,,of ,,conscience4      ,this 
phase of the question rises very high in
 our estimation2 for we have  been      
taught to regard the rights of          
conscience and to esteem them above  all
 other rights in a free country4 ,there 
can be no civil liberty where  the      
rights of conscience are ignored4 ,the  
teachings of the ,bible are  opposed to 
all interference by law with man's      
religious faith and worship4  ,religious
 liberty asks for no laws meddling with 

the rights of conscience4  ,such laws1  
whether of tolerance or of intolerance1 
are always in conflict  with the spirit 
of the religion of ,christ2 for it asks 
for the soul's  free1 voluntary service4
 ,as ,american citizens we ask1 at the  
hands of our  ,government1 to be        
protected1 in common with all other     
citizens1 in the  free exercise of the  
rights of conscience4 ,we ask no        
interference with  religion by law1 and 
we apprehend none in our country4 ,if   
our religion  cannot take care of       
itself1 by the force of its own merits1 
it must  perish4    ,rivers of blood    
have been offered upon the altar of a   
blind intolerance4  ,look at ,antiochus 
sacking the city of ,jerusalem and      
laying the country  waste4 ,look at the 
slaughter of the infants of ,bethlehem  
under ,herod's  jurisdiction4 ,in many  
ages of the world religious intolerance 
has been the  fruitful source of misery 
and bloodshed4    ,the religion of the  
,bible does not rest itself upon the    

authority of man2  much less is it      
responsible for the cruel results of    
wicked efforts to  establish or         
overthrow it by law4 ,causes outside of 
,christianity in the  hands of wicked   
men are responsible for every drop of   
blood that has been  shed in the name of
 our holy religion4 ,christianity has   
nothing to fear in  our country as long 
as our law-makers remember that their   
whole duty  consists1 not in making or  
unmaking rights or religion1 but in     
making laws  protecting all in the      
enjoyment of their rights4 ,the         
principles of  religious liberty set    
forth in the ,bible are the following3  
,first1 the  word of ,god is the only   
source of authority in religious        
matters4 ,neither  tradition1 nor remote
 antiquity1 nor ecclesiastical          
decisions1 nor  statutes1 but the ,bible
 is supreme in our religion4 ,second1   
the ,bible  allows1 and demands1 the    
right of private judgment in all matters
 of faith  and duty4 ,this is based upon

 the well-defined principles of         
individual and  personal responsibility4
 8,let every man prove his own work40   
,the true and intelligent ,christian has
 always been opposed to  ecclesiastical 
establishments by law1 and the authority
 of the state to  produce unity of faith
 and worship4 ,in all such matters we   
are responsible  to ,god alone4 ,his    
authority is all that is needed in order
 to the soul's  own free service2 and   
this is the only acceptable worship4    
,the third great  principle of religious
 liberty is this3 the ,bible contains   
the only  infallible standard of faith  
and worship1 and its author is the only 
infallible judge4 ,the ,bible gives to  
no man1 or set of men1 dominion over    
the human conscience1 but on the        
contrary lays the solemn injunction upon
  each individual3 8,prove all things   
and hold fast that which is good40 ,the 
direction of ,christ is in these living 
lines3 8,call no man master1 for one  is
 your master1 even ,christ40 ,every     

man's own works are the only true       
expositor of his character1 because they
 are the fruits of the affections  which
 point him out as an enemy1 or as a     
friend1 of righteousness4    ,the man   
who abuses the right of private judgment
 has a fearful account to  render--let  
him see to that4 ,if he receives not the
 truth in the love of it  that he may be
 saved1 it is at his own peril4 ,the    
field of investigation  is the place    
where ,christianity has won her most    
splendid victories4 ,she  has always    
lost when wicked men have called in the 
aid of the secular arm2  for it is a    
very great error to suppose that you can
 deal successfully  with a man's        
spiritual nature by such forces2 it was 
not made for such  government4 ,by the  
secular arm you may force a wicked man  
to be a  hypocrite1 but you cannot make 
him a ,christian in that way2 for you   
cannot  reach his understanding1 nor    
give life to his conscience by any such 
means4    ,there are two extremes1      

however1 which we must carefully avoid3 
,first1  that it is a matter of total   
indifference what religious principles a
 man  adopts and what form of worship he
 prefers4 ,the ,bible contains essential
  principles--principles which          
constitute the essence of the gospel of 
,christ  which must be received1 loved  
and obeyed1 in order to the enjoyment of
 the  promises of salvation4 ,the       
sentiment that it matters not what a man
  believes1 is no part of the religious 
liberty which the ,bible inculcates4    
,such a sentiment is everywhere         
discouraged and denounced4 ,a forcible  
writer said3 ,keep clear of uncommon    
pretensions to charity4 ,believe the    
love of ,god1 and be satisfied with his 
charity1 and never dream of making  an  
improvement upon his character4    ,the 
other extreme is to have no charity at  
all4 ,there are many things  about which
 men may safely differ1 but they are    
neither precepts to be  obeyed1 nor     
facts to be believed4 ,differences may  

exist in opinions1 but  not in facts to 
be believed1 nor in commands to be      
obeyed4 ,christians are  such in virtue 
of faith in ,christ and obedience to his
 commandments4  ,wherever the minds of  
men have been brought under the power of
 the  ,christian religion1 there they   
have been the devoted friends of such   
liberty4 ,such were the adherents of    
,luther in ,germany1 the ,lollards in   
,england1 and the adherents of ,knox in 
,scotland4 ,such was the case with      
,holland when her republican virtues1   
learning and piety1 moral and  literary 
institutions made her famous throughout 
the earth4 8,where the  spirit of the   
,lord is there is liberty40 ,one of the 
most erroneous  objections to           
,christianity is that it is calculated  
to subject the many to  the few1 but its
 spirit and tendency is to bring all1   
both the rich and  poor1 on one common  
level4 ,it pronounces temporal          
circumstances matters of  no            
consequence1 all men creatures of ,god1 

made of one blood1 having a  common     
nature1 subject to common sufferings1   
common dependence and  responsibilities4
 ,it teaches us to 8defraud no man10 to 
8corrupt no man10  to 8love our         
enemies10 to 8pray for those who        
despitefully use us10 to  8disregard    
external distinctions40 ,in ,christ     
there is neither ,jew nor  ,greek1 bond 
nor free1 male nor female1 but all are  
one4 ,the poor are  exalted and the rich
 are humbled4 ,tholuck says3 8,the      
cultivated heathen  were offended at    
,christianity because the higher classes
 could no longer  have precedence of the
 common people40 ,a religion which      
teaches that all  are upon one grand    
level under its influences will         
certainly teach us that  all are equal  
in the presence of the law4             
,christianity is not only a  stranger to
 despotism1 but denounces it in the     
plainest terms4 ,its great  founder     
said3 8,whosoever will be great among   
you let him be your servant1  and       

whosoever will be chief let him be your 
minister40 ,what greater  calamity could
 we experience than the loss of the last
 copy of the ,new  ,testament8 ,who     
would bring over the world once more the
 darkness of  ,paganism8 ,who would have
 our ,government put on ,roman          
character8 ,who would  have us foster   
the basest passions of men8 ,who would  
throw the human  intellect back into a  
state of uncertainty respecting a future
 existence  and the manner of securing  
its blessedness8 ,who would dry up the  
living  fountains of joy which have been
 opened to us in the gospel8 ,who would 
destroy the motive power of our religion
 and wither its fruits of               
righteousness8 ,who would rob the       
bereaved heart of its consolations and  
provoke anew the tears of the mourner   
which have been wiped away8 ,who  would 
go to the widow and say3 ,go and visit  
the grave of your loved one  and weep   
without hope6 ,yes1 weep with the       
terrible thought that this  parting is  

to last forever6 ,weep with trembling1  
and at last step into the  grave with   
awful uncertainty1 to learn all there1  
and never bring back the  secret4 ,who  
are they who would restore to death its 
sting and to the grave  its victory8    
,what victories have they ever achieved 
for our humanity8 ,no  calculations     
could measure the sacrifice it would    
cost to part with the  ,bible forever4  
,wicked men would toll its funeral1     
while the innocent ones  of earth would 
bathe in tears and turn away in sorrow4 
,let us never  persecute those          
unfortunate men who are opposing the    
truth of our religion  on account of the
 errors of the creeds of our fathers4   
,let us always avoid  a spirit of       
despotism and persecution1 because it is
 dishonorable4 ,if  there must be       
persecution1 let truth be the victim4   
,error is not worthy of  the honor that 
martyrs bear4    ,it is better that we  
8suffer for well-doing than for         
ill-doing10 therefore  let us criticise 

ourselves severely1 but deal with others
 in love4 ,the  ,bible is our authority 
in religion1 and the civil arm is our   
protection in  the state4 ,religious    
freedom is ours--may it long remain the 
glory of our  country4 ,in comparison   
with this freedom all else is mere      
illusion4 ,you  may enjoy all the       
freedom that this world can give1 and if
 you are slaves  to sin you are         
miserable slaves to a cruel master4 ,the
 intellectual and  moral condition of   
the soul1 constituting its highest      
glory1 is a liberty  worthy of the name4
 ,such an one1 in a very important      
sense1 is free  indeed1 free in         
solitude1 free in poverty1 free in      
abundance1 free in  life1 free in death1
 free everywhere1 and forever free4     
,,the ,,orthodoxy ,,of ,,atheism ,,and  
,,ingersolism1 ,,by ,,rev4 ,s4 ,l4      
,,tyrrell4      8,hail human liberty2   
there is no ,god60 ,such is the exulting
 song of many a  human heart when       
bewildering metaphysics or superficial  

science has  crowded from its           
convictions faith in the ,deity and his 
moral government4  ,few men have reached
 the pure1 unclouded heights of religion
 and morality1  where the unselfish love
 of the holy and the right1 for their   
own inherent  excellence1 forms the     
controlling motive of their conduct1    
regardless of  penalty or reward4       
,humanity is yet on the low moral plane1
 where penal  laws1 human or divine1 are
 the most potent forces in regulating   
human  life4 ,hence the sad fact appears
 that when theism seems most            
successfully  assailed we hear from many
 quarters ill-concealed rustlings of    
exultation  at the welcome loosening of 
the bonds of morality and religion4 ,it 
seems  to be overlooked that a very     
stern theological system may be quite   
rationally evolved from atheistic       
premises2 and there is now a new and    
very tempting field inviting some bold  
,calvin or ,luther in the ranks of      
positivism to write an immortal book1   

with the original and attractive  title1
 ,ethics of ,atheism4 ,the great offense
 of the scientific 7sciolistic7  atheist
 is his lofty arrogance4 ,he            
complacently assumes the name of        
,infallible ,wisdom4 ,he 8understands   
all mysteries20 his mental telescope    
sweeps eternity 8from everlasting to    
everlasting20 his microscopic vision    
pierces the secrets of creation1--sees  
the beauty and order of all  celestial  
worlds emerge from fiery chaotic        
dust1--by the fortunate contact  of     
cooling cinders of the right chemical   
properties and temperature1 he  secretes
 and hatches into life an egg1 or cell  
of throbbing protoplasm2 to  this       
pulsating mass of jelly there comes from
 the unconscious abyss at  length a     
vague instinct1 a drowsy awakening of   
desire2 next a feeble gleam  of definite
 thought2 reason then faintly dawns1 and
 lo6 at last this fair  universe burst  
into glorious light1 clothed in         
surpassing loveliness1  throbbing with  

love1 tender sympathy and sublime       
aspiration1 and all  through the magic  
potency of blind matter and unconscious 
force1 without  an architect or guide4  
,o1 wondrous matter1 could a ,god do    
more8    ,o1 divine science 7sciolist71 
we bless thy name2 thou hast delivered  
us  from the terrors of dogmatic fear6  
,man is but dust1 and unto dust shall he
  return2 8let us eat and drink1 for    
to-morrow we die40 ,but ere we run riot 
in the intoxication of our new-born     
freedom from divine law1 does not the   
skeptical1 cautious1 scientific spirit  
admonish us to pause a moment and  look 
logically at another class of possible  
achievements of this  wonder-working1   
material power4 ,in philosophical       
researches1 analogy is a  recognized and
 legitimate guide to truth4 ,admitting1 
then1 that pure  matter has done all    
that materialism claims it has done in  
the past1 let  us look by the light of  
analogy at other and graver             
possibilities it may  have wrought in   

its reckless1 unrestrained creations4   
,time is a mighty  attribute of         
evolutionary divinities2 its power seems
 next to infinite4 ,in  a few millions  
of years ,alexanders1 ,bonapartes1      
,bismarks1 ,miltons1 ,edisons  and      
,ingersols have been evolved from       
thoughtless chaos2 now1 if in limited   
time 7for what are millions of years to 
eternity7 such majestic mental  forces  
have been developed from the            
inexhaustible store-house of            
intellectual nothingness1 why should    
bold mathematical science deem it a     
8thing incredible0 that in an eternity  
of time1 with an unlimited amount  of   
matter for capital and infinite space   
for a theater of action1 this           
mind-evolving force may not have        
generated beings of almost infinite     
capacities--even a monarch who sways a  
scepter over more worlds than           
one--,,even ,a ,,god4 ,why should       
material philosophy cavil at the creeds 
which  teach a righteous judgment to    

come8 ,have not the judicial elements of
  oxygen1 carbon and hydrogen combined  
to organize on one planet at least      
courts of equity and judgment seats1 and
 crystalized into prison walls and      
hand-cuffs the gallows and the hangman8 
,upon the established scientific        
principle that nature's laws are        
uniform1 undeviating and universal in   
their action1 does not the analogy of   
earthly tribunals logically  necessitate
 the belief that our globe is but a     
province of the infinite  empire        
governed by righteous laws1 of which    
enlightened human laws are a  partial   
revelation4    ,modern science teaches  
the oneness of the universe and the     
identity and  sameness of the matter    
composing it4 ,what then can be more    
strictly  scientific and demonstrable   
from materialistic premises than the    
vast  conclusion that uniform passive   
matter1 operated upon by the same       
undeviating laws1 must in all worlds    
produce the same results and evolve1  as

 it has on our planet1 intelligence in  
which a sense of right and  justice     
shall predominate1 and everywhere and in
 all time1 enact and  execute laws      
discriminating between right and wrong8 
,what astronomical  prediction1 then1   
can be more certain of fulfillment than 
this moral  prophecy of the final       
eclipse of evil and ultimate triumph of 
the right8  ,with no existing power to  
arrest or mitigate the sentence of this 
relentless1 carboniferous judge1 how    
fearful may be the possible fate of     
those who disregard the moral laws of   
protoplasm4 ,matter has evolved a       
,franklin and a ,morse1 who learned to  
wield the lightning's power4 ,why may   
there not have been evolved in the      
infinite past a more profound           
electrician1 who1 with his battery and  
etherial wires can shiver a planet  with
 his touch8 ,a marvelous power--the     
human spirit--has gained a vast  control
 over the blind1 stubborn substances and
 forces that created it1  and by its    

immaterial1 invisible will1 can in a    
limited degree overrule  the most       
imperious law of nature by throwing a   
stone into the air4 ,is it              
unscientific1 then1 or derogatory to the
 vaunted potency of matter to  affirm   
that the eternal ages may have developed
 an intelligent will that  can project a
 planet or sun1 as the human will and   
muscle project the  pebble8 ,scoff not1 
exalted sages1 at the weak terrors of   
those who tremble  at the dogma of a    
malignant devil2 consider that pity and 
compassion are  not the known chemical  
constituents of this soulless creator4  
,where1 then1  can we fix the limit of  
that unconscious1 fiendish force that   
evolved a  ,nero1 and incarnated in     
human bodies the myriads of demoniac    
spirits that  walk the earth to-day8    
,egotistical scientist 7sciolist7 calm  
the cyclone1  quiet the engulphing      
earthquake1 blot from human history the 
records of  war1 pestilence1 famine1 the
 tales of ,st4 ,bartholomew and the     

,inquisition1  and then deny by material
 philosophy the possibility of even a   
,calvinistic  hell2 deny the personality
 of man because your microscope and     
scalpel can  not find a soul by         
dissecting the brain of the             
mathematician1 and then  deny a personal
 ,god because his spirit eludes the     
grasp of sealed  crucibles and can not  
be detected by digging in the earth with
 the spade4  ,deny the existence of     
conscious life1 and then in the light of
 reason and  science deny that the      
forces that generate life must from     
necessary law  work for its continuance 
and immortality4 ,extreme materialism   
confidently  teaches the birth1 death   
and resurrection of planetary universes2
 why  should such grand faith stagger at
 the theory of the resurrection of a    
soul8 ,where is the scientific absurdity
 of ,renan's distant hope1 that this    
mighty resurrection of dead worlds will 
embrace in its infinite scope the       
awakening to consciousness2 the         

universal past consciousness of the     
universe4 ,may not both theist and      
atheist find in this line of thought a  
partial answer to the oft recurring     
modern prayer1 8,help thou mine         
unbelief40--,from the                   
,religio-,philosophic ,journal4         
,can you believe that all things are the
 result of blind1 unintelligent  forces1
 operating under mechanical laws8       
,,the ,,shasters ,,and ,,vedas1 ,,and   
,,the ,,chinese1 ,,government1          
,,religion1 ,,etc4      ,men who wish to
 be known as scientific skeptics and    
unbelievers often  boast that the       
above-mentioned books are more worthy of
 respect than the  books of the ,bible4 
,for the benefit of all who may not have
 access to  those books1 the following1 
from ,duff's ,india1 credited to the    
,shasters1  may be of service in the    
search after truth3    8,brahm produced 
an egg4 ,all the primary atoms1         
qualities1 and principles1  the seeds of
 future worlds1 that had been evolved   

from the substance of  ,brahm1 were now 
collected together and deposited in the 
newly produced  egg4 ,and into it1 along
 with them1 entered the self-existent   
himself1  under the assumed form of     
,brahma2 and then he sat vivifying1     
expanding1  and combining the elements1 
during four thousand three hundred      
millions of  solar years4 ,during this  
amazing period the wondrous egg floated 
like a  bubble on the water1 increasing 
constantly in size4 ,at length the      
supreme1  who dwelt therein1 burst the  
shell of the stupendous egg and issued  
forth  under a new form with a thousand 
heads1 a thousand eyes1 and a thousand  
arms4 ,along with him issued another    
form1 huge and measureless1 which       
speedily matured into the present       
glorious universe40--,shasters4    ,in  
,hindostan we may see on one hand the   
trident of ,neptune1 the eagle of       
,jupiter1 the satyrs of ,bacchus1 the   
bow of ,cupid and the chariot of the    
,sun2 on the other1 we hear the cymbals 

of ,rhea1 the songs of the ,muses1  and 
the pastoral tales of ,apollo ,nomius4  
,the ,hindoos enumerate four grand      
periods in the world's history called   
yugs4 ,the first comprehends one        
million seven hundred and twenty-eight  
thousand years4 ,the second1 one        
million two hundred and ninety-six      
thousand2 the third1 eight hundred and  
sixty-four thousand years1 and the      
fourth four hundred and twenty-three    
thousand years4 ,four thousand nine     
hundred and thirty-seven of the last    
yug expired in eighteen hundred and     
forty-three4 ,the incredibility of      
their chronology will be seen at a      
glance1 if you recollect that it is     
claimed that one of their sovereigns    
lived through the whole of the first    
yug4 ,veda is a generic name for their  
four oldest and most sacred books1      
containing simply a revelation directly 
from ,brahma4    ,many unbelievers in   
this1 and the old world1 who have set   
themselves  against our ,bible1 have    

indorsed the ,vedas as scientific1      
without so much  as having read or known
 one line in them4 ,these ,vedas profess
 to go back  through maha yugs of       
#d1cbj1jjj years of men4 ,a thousand of 
these maha  yugs1 or #d1cbj1jjj1jjj of  
years make a kalpa1 or one day of the   
life of  ,brahma1 and his night is of   
equal length2 a hundred such days and   
nights  measure the time of his life4   
,these books give1 as facts1 seven great
 continents1 separated by that many     
rivers and seven mountain-chains four   
hundred thousand miles high4 ,they      
record a hundred sons to one king1 ten  
thousand to another1 and sixty  thousand
 to another4 ,these kings were in no    
danger from violating the  command to   
8multiply and replenish the earth20 but 
there is one  difficulty1 at least1     
about the records concerning the seventy
 thousand  and one hundred sons born to 
these three kings1 and that is this1 the
  records say3 ,they were all born in a 
pumpkin and nourished in pans of  milk1 

reduced to ashes by the curse of a sage1
 and restored to life by the  waters of 
the ,ganges4 ,those same sacred books   
say3 ,the moon is fifty  thousand       
leagues higher than the sun1 and that it
 shines by its own light  and animates  
our body2 they say1 the sun goes behind 
the ,someyra ,mountains  and this makes 
the night2 they say1 these mountains are
 many thousand  miles high1 and are     
situated in the middle of our earth2    
they say1 our  earth is flat and        
triangular1 having seven stories1 each  
one of peculiar  beauty1 having its own 
inhabitants1 and each one having a sea4 
,the first  story of earth1 they say1 is
 composed of honey1 the second is       
composed  of sugar1 the third of butter1
 the fourth of wine2 and the whole      
thing is carried upon the heads of      
elephants1 and when these shake         
themselves earthquakes are produced4    
,among the astronomical calculations    
which confirm all this there are        
accounts of floods of waters rising to  

the ,polar star4 ,how is that for a     
flood8    ,infidel1 if you read this1   
and remember that you have been guilty  
of  foisting the ,vedas against the     
,hebrew ,scriptures1 hide your face and 
do it  no more4 ,the ,hindoos worship   
cats and monkeys and holy bulls and     
sticks  and stones4 ,they are yet       
sacrificing their infants in that sacred
 river1  ,ganges4 ,the car of           
,juggernaut1 'tis said1 is yet rolling  
on its bloody  wheels1 and women are yet
 burned upon the dead bodies of their   
husbands4  ,what is the trouble with    
those unfortunates8 ,well1 they enjoy   
freedom from  the ,bible1 freedom from  
the ,bible ,god1 and freedom from the   
,protestant and  ,catholic clergy--the  
freedom that the infidels of the ,united
 ,states concern  themselves so much    
about4 ,give them what they plead for   
and it will not be  long until they will
 have more hell than they will love or  
worship4  ,infidels boast of the worth  
of the writings of ,confucius and the   

religion  of the ,chinese4 ,let us look 
after their condition4 ,here it is1 as  
given in  the ,universal ,vocabulary4   
,as they are esteemed by unbelievers so 
ancient  as to put to shame all others  
pretending to antiquity1 we must be     
allowed  to make the test of their      
religious and scientific tree by its    
fruits4  ,first4 8,if a person be       
suspected of treason he is put to death 
in a slow  and painful manner1 all his  
relations in the first degree are       
beheaded1  his female relations sold    
into slavery1 and all his connections   
residing  in his house are put to death4
 ,if a physician treat the case of a    
patient  in any way different from      
established rules1 and the patient dies1
 he is  treated as guilty of homicide1  
though1 if on his trial it be shown that
 it  was a mere error1 he is redeemed   
from death1 but must quit his practice  
forever4 ,when a debtor is unable to    
meet the demand of his creditor he      
receives thirty blows1 and the same     

number may be repeated from time to     
time till the debt is paid4 ,in case the
 creditor violently seize the  debtor's 
goods he is liable to eighty blows4 ,in 
order to the collection of  debts1 it is
 customary for creditors to enter the   
houses of their debtors  on the first   
day of the year and pronounce their     
claims with a loud voice1  and continue 
there until they are reimbursed4 ,it is 
said that this teazing  proves a        
successful method of collecting debts2  
inasmuch as the debtor1  fearing that   
something may befall the creditor while 
in his house1 and1  therefore1 suspicion
 fall on him1 he is moved to use all    
possible  endeavors to answer the       
demand4 ,women are sold in marriage and 
the highest  bidder takes them4 ,their  
government is patriarchial and despotic4
 ,the  emperor is styled ,holy ,son of  
,heaven1 ,sole ,governor of the ,earth4 
,their  religion is paganism40          
,zell's ,encyclopedia gives the         
following items as true to-day3 8,their 

husbandry is1 to a great extent1        
nullified by the rude and ill-adapted   
implements employed therefor1 and also  
by the smallness of the farms4  ,hence1 
agriculture1 as scientifically          
considered1 is but little advanced40    
,the form of government is strictly     
patriarchial4 ,the emperor1 who bears   
the various euphuistic titles of the    
8,brother of the ,sun and ,moon40       
,teen-tsye1 or the 8,sun of ,heaven20   
,ta-hwang-li1 or the 8,great  ,emperor20
 and ,wansuy-yay1 or the 8,lord of a    
,myriad ,years10 is regarded  as the    
father of his people1 and has unlimited 
power over all his  subjects4 ,the      
emperor is spiritual as well as temporal
 sovereign1 and as  high priest of the  
empire1 can alone1 with his immediate   
representatives  and ministers1 perform 
the great religious ceremonies4 ,the    
bamboo1 as the  chief instrument of     
government1 is applied without          
distinction1 to the  highest and lowest 
,chinese4    ,the imperial palaces are  

of great extent1 consisting of a series 
of  courts1 with galleries and halls of 
audience beautifully painted4 ,the      
temples differ greatly in form and size4
 ,the ordinary temples or  joss-houses1 
consist each of one chamber containing  
an idol4 ,this1  gentle reader1 is the  
store-house of pagan idolatry to which  
some  unbelievers in ,indiana and       
elsewhere resort for names or titles by 
which  to designate the houses of       
,christian worship in our own country4  
,how would  those men like to emigrate  
to ,china1 where they could have a      
language that  suits their taste1 and a 
literature and religion about which they
 have  boasted so much8 ,if ,chinese    
government1 religion1 and literature and
  science be so old as is claimed by    
,chinamen1 and by infidels in our       
country1 and its age be the cause of its
 great superiority in religion and      
science1 may we not thank the ,lord that
 we are young8            ,,ancient     
,,cosmogonies4      ,the ,mosaic method 

found in the first chapter of the book  
of ,genesis is not  the method of       
physical science2 this seeks1 by        
induction1 after laws1  principles and  
causes1 stepping backwards step by step1
 seeking1 by the  light of physical     
science1 the character of that unit     
which lies at the  base of the whole    
series of all created things4 8,the     
world by wisdom knew  not ,god40 ,the   
truth of this statement is monumented by
 the literature of  the unbelievers of  
the nineteenth century4 ,to-day1 men who
 refuse ,bible  instruction talk of the 
unknown and the unknowable1 thus        
conceding that  their efforts as        
naturalists1 or 8natural men10 are not  
sufficient in  their results to disclose
 the character of the great first cause4
 ,the same  great failure has been1 and 
ever will be1 made by all mere          
naturalists4 ,in  view of this fact it  
is well that ,moses gives us at once the
 great first  cause in the phrase1 8,in 
the beginning ,god created the heavens  

and the  earth40 ,there is in this      
sentence no limitation of time1 so there
 is room  here for astronomical ages1   
cycle upon cycle4 ,there was time enough
 in  that beginning for the present     
system of planets to be arranged from a 
single nebulous mass4 ,in it we have a  
picture of matter in a crude  condition1
 without fixedness of form1 surrounded  
with darkness4 ,then comes  the         
commencement of the great work of       
preparing our planet for the home of    
man1 by the spirit of ,god moving over  
the chaos4 ,there is nothing in this    
statement that should perplex any man1  
unless he is that fool who 8says in  his
 heart there is no ,god40 ,if the chaos 
here described was matter in a  rare1   
gaseous condition1 floating in space1   
molecular motion produced by  the spirit
 of ,god brooding over it1 and a        
chemical change producing  electricity  
may have given the light called the     
first day4    ,here is that troublesome 
word day4 ,why should it give trouble to

 any  scientist8 ,it is a part of his   
duty to know that neither this word nor 
the  context in the first chapter of    
,genesis1 nor biblical usage1 requires  
us  to limit the term to a period of    
twenty-four hours4 ,but the context does
  limit it1 in its first occurrence1 to 
an indefinite period of light4  8,,god  
,,called ,,the ,,light ,,day60 ,in the  
fourth verse of the second chapter the  
word is used to cover the whole period  
of time past1 both the beginning  and   
the subsequent six work-days of the     
,almighty1 thus3 8,these are the        
generations of the heavens and the earth
 when they were created1 ,,in ,,the     
,,day when the ,lord ,god made the earth
 and the heavens40 ,this is no modern   
invention1 gotten up to serve a purpose2
 for ,augustine so understood this      
matter in the fourth century4 ,he called
 them 8ineffable days10 describing  them
 as alternate pauses in the work of     
,god4 ,such was the interpretation      
given by the first ,christians4 ,why    

should we try to measure this term day1 
in its first occurrences1 by a          
chronometer which did not come into use 
until the fourth day8 ,the notion that  
these days were twenty-four hours1      
sprang up in the middle ages1 and is the
 child of the literalism and  realism of
 those times4 ,moses gives seven great  
constructive periods of  light1 which   
beautifully harmonize with the seven    
great geological ages  lying this side  
of his beginning4 ,how he came to do    
this has perplexed the  incredulous     
scholar and historian beyond measure2 it
 is1 indeed1 a  remarkable fact in      
literature1 but it gives strength to the
 faith of the  intelligent ,christian4  
,god was with ,moses2 his cosmogony     
bears evidence of  inspiration4 ,compare
 his narrative with the cosmogonies of  
the ancient  nations4 ,there is but     
little similitude2 if there was much it 
would not  prove identity4 ,it would be 
strange if the ancient nations should   
have no  truth in their cosmogonies4    

,and if they had1 would it not be more  
strange  for ,moses to leave it out on  
that account8 ,it would be well to      
remind you  just here that the          
,almighty1 and doubtless his man ,moses 
also1 knew that  men possessed at least 
common sense4 ,in the ,new ,testament we
 have the  word tartarus in its verb    
form4 ,where did it come from8 ,the     
,apostle ,peter1  guided by the divine  
spirit1 found it in ,grecian mythology4 
,is it to be  thrown out on that        
account8 ,nay1 verily4 ,a man of ,god1  
that is1 a prophet1  in any of the      
ancient ages as far back as ,moses1 is  
not to be regarded as  under obligations
 to shun a truth because it was already 
in use among men4  ,the man who would   
claim such a silly thing ought to be    
discarded from  scientific and literary 
circles as a blockhead4 ,the cosmogony  
of the  ,babylonians represents the     
beginning of things in darkness and     
water2 in  which great non-descript     
animals1 hideous monsters1 half-beasts  

and  half-men1 made their appearance2   
then a woman1 who personates the        
creative  spirit or principle1 was split
 into two parts1 and the heaven and the 
earth produced by the division4 ,next   
,belus1 the supreme divinity1 cut off   
his own head1 and his blood1 trickling  
down and mingling with the dust of  the 
earth1 produced human creatures having  
intelligence and spiritual  life4 ,the  
,phnician cosmogony presents1 first1 an 
ether or a mist diffused  in space4     
,next1 a wind arose1 and from this      
motion proceeded a ,spiritual  ,god1    
from whom proceeded an egg1 which1 being
 divided1 produced the  heavens and the 
earth4 ,next1 the noise of thunder      
awakened beings into  spiritual life4   
,the ,egyptian cosmogony presents a     
principal divinity1  whose name was     
,ptah1 the world-creating power1 who    
shaped the cosmic egg1  which again     
appears here1 as in the ,phnician4      
,next1 there followed from  ,ptah a long
 succession of gods1 with many offices  

and powers--solar1  telluric and        
spiritual--from whom1 after a time1     
proceeded demigods1 and  then from these
 proceeded heroes1 until the link of our
 humanity was  reached4 ,according to   
,grote1 ,grecian mythology opens with   
the gods prior1  as well as superior1 to
 man2 it then descends gradually to     
heroes and then  to the human race4     
,along with their gods are presented    
many monsters1  ultra-human and         
extra-human1 who can't consistently be  
styled gods1 but  who partake with gods 
and man in the attributes of free-will1 
conscious  agency and susceptibility of 
pleasure and pain--such as the ,harpies1
 the  ,gorgons1 the ,sirens1 the        
,sphinx1 the ,cyclops1 the ,centaurs1   
etc4 ,after a  great struggle1 or       
contest1 among these wonderful          
creatures1 there arises  a stable       
government of ,zeus1 the chief among the
 gods4 ,then appears chaos1  then the   
broad1 firm1 flat earth1 with deep and  
dark tartarus below1 and  from these    

proceed different divinities and        
creatures1 some grand and  terrible1    
some simply monsters2 their relations to
 each other violate all  notions of     
decency and morality2 their wars and    
slaughters1 their gross  and abominable 
crimes issue in successive creative     
products upon earth1  which terminate at
 last in the appearance of man4    ,next
 we will give you the cosmogony of the  
,vedas1 as it is presented in  what is  
known as the mystic hymn of the ,vedas4 
,it is ,pantheistic to the  core4 8,it  
is one of the earliest relics of ,hindu 
thought and devotion30          8,nor   
,aught nor ,naught existed2 yon bright  
sky      ,was not1 nor heaven's broad   
woof outstretched above4      ,what     
covered all8 ,what sheltered8 ,what     
concealed8      ,was it the water's     
fathomless abyss8      ,there was not   
death--yet was there naught immortal2   
,there was no confine betwixt day and   
night2      ,the only ,one breathed     
breathless by itself2      ,,other than 

,it ,,nothing since has been4           
,darkness there was1 and all at first   
was veiled      ,in gloom profound--an  
ocean without light4      ,the germ that
 still lay covered in the husk          
,burst forth1 one nature1 from the      
fervent heat4      ,then first came love
 upon it1 the new spring      ,of       
mind--yea1 poets in their hearts        
discerned1      ,pondering1 this bond   
between created things      ,and        
uncreated4 ,comes this spark from earth 
,piercing and all-pervading1 or from    
heaven8      ,then seeds were sown1 and 
mighty powers arose--      ,nature      
below1 and power and will above4        
,who knows the secret8 ,who proclaimed  
it here8      ,whence1 whence this      
manifold creation sprang8      ,the gods
 themselves came later into being8      
,who knows from whence this great       
creation sprang8      ,he from whom all 
this creation came1      ,whether his   
will created or was mute1      ,the     
,most ,high ,seer that is in highest    

heaven1      ,he knows it--or perchance 
even ,he knows it not40        --,the   
,rig-,veda1 book #aj1 hymn #abi4        
,translated from ,max ,mullers'         
8,chips from a ,german ,workshop40      
,this is ,pantheistic throughout1 and   
although it presents no absurd          
combinations of matter and spirit1 yet  
it puts the material creation  before   
the creation of the spiritual1 and      
scarcely allows consciousness to  8the  
,one10 8the ,it10 from which1 somehow1  
the creation proceeded4 ,the ,book  of  
,menu1 which is of equal value with the 
,veda among the ,hindoos1 gives  the    
following account of the creation3      
8,menu sat reclined1 with his attention 
fixed on one object1 the supreme  ,god1 
when the divine sages approached him1   
and1 after mutual salutations  in due   
form1 delivered the following address3  
,deign1 sovereign ruler1 to  apprise us 
of the sacred laws in their order1 as   
they must be followed by  all the four  
classes1 and by each of them1 in their  

several degrees1  together with the     
duties of every mixed class2 for thou1  
,lord1 and thou  only among mortals1    
knowest the true sense1 the first       
principle1 and the  prescribed          
ceremonies of this universal1           
supernatural ,veda1 unlimited in  extent
 and unequalled in authority4    8,he   
whose powers were measureless1 being    
thus requested by the great  sages1     
whose thoughts were profound1 saluted   
them all with reverence and  gave them a
 comprehensive answer1 saying3 ,be it   
heard6 ,this universe  existed only in  
the first divine idea yet unexpanded1 as
 if involved in  darkness1              
imperceptible1 undefinable1             
undiscoverable by reason1 and           
undiscovered by revelation1 as if it    
were wholly immersed in sleep2 then  the
 sole1 self-existing power1 himself     
undiscovered1 but making this world     
discernible1 with five elements and     
other principles of nature1 appeared    
with undiminished glory1 expanding his  

idea or dispelling the gloom4 ,he1  whom
 the mind alone can perceive1 whose     
essence eludes the external  organs1 who
 has not visible parts1 who exists from 
eternity1 even he1 the  soul of all     
beings1 whom no being can comprehend1   
shone forth in person4  ,he1 having     
willed to produce various beings from   
his own divine substance1  first1 with a
 thought1 created the waters and placed 
in them a productive  seed2 that seed   
became an egg bright as gold1 blazing   
like the luminary  with a thousand      
beams2 ,,and ,,in ,,that ,,egg ,,he     
,,was ,,born ,,himself ,,in ,,the ,,form
 ,,of  ,,brahma ,,the ,,great           
,,forefather ,,of ,,all ,,spirits4 ,the 
waters were called nara1  because they  
were the production of ,nara1 or the    
spirit of ,god2 and1 since  they were   
his first ayana1 or place of motion1 he 
thence is named  ,nayrayana1 or moving  
on the waters4 ,from that which is1 the 
first cause1  not the object of sense1  
existing everywhere in substance1 not   

existing to  our perception1 without    
beginning or end1 was produced the      
divine male1  famed in all worlds under 
the appellation of ,brahma4 ,in that egg
 the great  power sat inactive a whole  
year of the ,creator1 at the close of   
which1 by  his thought alone1 he caused 
the egg to divide itself2 and from its  
two  divisions he framed the heaven     
above and the earth beneath2 in the     
midst  he placed the subtile ether1 the 
eight regions1 and the permanent        
receptacle of waters4    8,from the     
supreme soul he drew forth mind1        
existing substantially1 though          
unperceived by sense1 immaterial2 and   
before mind1 or the reasoning power1  he
 produced consciousness1 the internal   
monitor1 the ruler2 and before  them    
both he produced the great principle of 
the soul1 or first expansion  of the    
divine idea2 and all vital forms endued 
with the three qualities of  goodness1  
passion and darkness2 and the five      
perceptions of sense1 and the  five     

organs of sensation4 ,thus1 having at   
once pervaded1 with emanations  from the
 ,supreme ,spirit1 the minutest portions
 of six principles immensely  operative1
 consciousness and the five perceptions1
 he framed all  creatures2 and since the
 minutest particles of visible nature   
have a  dependence on those six         
emanations from ,god1 the wise have     
accordingly  given the name of ,s'arira1
 or depending on six1 that is1 the ten  
organs on  consciousness1 and the five  
elements on as many perceptions1 to his 
image  or appearance in visible nature2 
thence proceed the great elements1      
endued  with peculiar powers1 the mind  
with operations infinitely subtile1 the 
unperishable cause of all apparent      
forms4    8,this universe1 therefore1 is
 compacted from the minute portions of  
these  seven divine and active          
principles1 the great soul1 or first    
emanation1  consciousness1 and five     
perceptions2 a mutable universe from    
immutable  ideas4 ,among them each      

succeeding element acquires the quality 
of the  preceding2 and in as many       
degrees as each of them is advanced1    
with so  many properties is it said to  
be endued4 ,he1 too1 first assigned to  
all  creatures distinct names1 distinct 
acts1 and distinct occupations1 as they 
had been revealed in the pre-existing   
,veda4 ,he1 the supreme ruler1 created  
an assemblage of inferior ,deities1 with
 divine attributes and pure  souls1 and 
a number of ,genii exquisitely delicate2
 and he prescribed the  sacrifice from  
the beginning4 ,from fire1 from air1 and
 from the sun he  milked out1 as it     
were1 three primordial ,vedas1 named    
,rich1 ,yajush and  ,saman1 for the due 
performance of the sacrifice4    8,he   
gave being to time and the divisions of 
time1 to the stars also1 and  to the    
planets1 to rivers1 oceans and          
mountains1 to level plains and  uneven  
valleys1 to devotion1 speech1           
complacency1 desire and wrath1 and to   
the creation1 which shall presently be  

mentioned2 for he willed the  existence 
of all those created things4 ,for the   
sake of distinguishing  actions1 he made
 a total difference between right and   
wrong1 and enured  these sentient       
creatures to pleasure and pain1 cold and
 heat1 and other  opposite pairs4 ,with 
very minute transformable portions      
called matras1 of  the five elements1   
all this perceptible world was composed 
in fit order2  and in whatever          
occupation the ,supreme ,lord first     
employed any vital soul1  to that       
occupation the same soul attaches itself
 spontaneously when it  receives a new  
body again and again4 ,whatever quality1
 noxious or  innocent1 harsh or mild1   
unjust or just1 false or true1 he       
conferred on  any being at its creation1
 the same quality enters it1 of course1 
on its  future births2 as the six       
seasons of the year attain respectively 
their  peculiar marks in due time and of
 their own accord1 even so the several  
acts of each embodied spirit attend it  

naturally4    8,that the human race     
might be multiplied1 he caused the      
,brahmen1 the  ,cshatriya1 the ,vaisya  
and the ,sudra to proceed from his      
mouth1 his arm1  his thigh and his foot4
    8,having divided his own substance1 
the mighty power became half male1 half 
female1 or nature active and passive1   
and from that female he produced        
,viraz4 ,know me1 ,o most excellent of  
,brahmens1 to be that person whom the   
male power1 ,viraz1 having performed    
austere devotion1 produced by myself2   
me1 the secondary framer of all this    
visible world4 ,it was ,i who1 desirous 
of giving birth to a race of men1       
performed very difficult religious      
duties1 and first produced ten ,lords of
 created beings1 animated in  holiness1 
,marichi1 ,atri1 ,angiras1 ,pulastya1   
,pulaha1 ,cratu1 ,prachetas1 or         
,dacsha1 ,vasishtha1 ,bhrigu and        
,narada2 they1 abundant in glory1       
produced  seven other ,menu1 together   
with deities and the mansions of        

deities1 and  ,maharshis1 or great      
sages1 unlimited in power2 benevolent   
genii1 and  fierce giants1 blood-thirsty
 savages1 heavenly quiristers1 nymphs   
and  demons1 huge serpents and snakes of
 smaller size1 birds of mighty wing1    
and separate companies of ,pitirs1 or   
progenitors of mankind2 lightnings  and 
thunder-bolts1 clouds and colored bows  
of ,indra1 falling meteors1             
earth-rending vapors1 comets and        
luminaries of various degrees2          
horse-faced sylvans1 apes1 fish1 and a  
variety of birds1 tame cattle1  deer1   
men1 and ravenous beasts with two rows  
of teeth2 small and large  reptiles1    
moths1 lice1 fleas1 and common flies1   
with every biting knat and  immovable   
substances of distinct sorts40          
,reader1 ,i have given you this chapter 
of ancient cosmogonies under the        
conviction that a bare statement of them
 must convince any one of either  the   
ignorance or dishonesty of infidels who 
claim that ,moses learned all  that he  

gave in his cosmogony from the ancient  
cosmogonies4 ,how was it  that ,moses   
avoided all their errors and            
extravagance8 ,how was it that he  gave 
such a severely simple description of   
creation1 which no rhetoric can         
improve1 and no scientist successfully  
refute8            ,can you believe that
 energy1 or force1 lies behind all      
things1 operating  them1 without        
believing there is something lying      
behind it1 to which it  belongs8    ,can
 you believe that a concourse of dead   
atoms held a solemn convention1  went   
into harmonious action and produced     
life8            ,,some ,,of ,,the      
,,beauties 787 ,,of ,,harmony ,,among   
,,unbelievers4      ,the author of 8,the
 ,system of ,nature0 says of the        
,english ,jesuit's creation  of eels by 
spontaneous generation from rye meal3   
8,after moistening meal  with water1 and
 shutting up the mixture1 it is found   
after a little time1  with the aid of   
the microscope1 that it has produced    

organized beings1 of  whose production  
the water and meal were believed to be  
incapable4 ,thus  inanimate nature can  
pass into life1 which is itself but an  
assemblage of  motions40--,part #a1 p4  
#bc4 ,for ,needham's ,eels1 see the     
,volume of ,physics4    ,voltaire says3 
8,were this unparalleled blunder true1  
yet1 in rigorous  reasoning ,i do not   
see how it would prove there is no      
,god40    ,he says1 it is really strange
 that men1 while denying a creator      
should  have attributed to themselves   
the power of creating eels4 ,but it is  
yet  more deplorable that natural       
philosophers1 of better information1    
adopted  the ,jesuit ,needham's         
ridiculous system1 and joined it to that
 of ,maillet1  who asserted that the    
ocean had formed the ,alps and the      
,pyrenees1 and that  men were originally
 porpoises1 whose forked tails changed  
in the course of  time into thighs and  
legs4 ,such fancies are worthy to be    
placed with the  eels formed by meal4   

,voltaire says the ridiculous story of  
the spontaneous production of eels  by  
rye meal is the foundation of           
,d',holbach's 8,system of ,nature40 ,he 
says3  8,we were assured1 not long ago1 
that at ,brussels a hen had brought     
forth  half a dozen rabbits40 ,he then  
adds1 8,needham's eels soon followed the
  ,brussels hen40 ,d',holbach says3     
8,experience proves to us that the      
matter  which we regard as inert and    
dead1 assumes action1 intelligence1 and 
life1  when it is combined in a certain 
way40 ,voltaire responds3 8,this is     
precisely the difficulty4 ,how does a   
germ come to life80    ,the author of   
the 8,system of ,nature0 says3 8,matter 
is eternal and  necessary2 but its forms
 and its combinations are transitory and
  contingent40 ,upon the supposition    
that all is  matter1 ,voltaire  answers1
 it is hard to comprehend1 matter being1
 according to our author1  necessary1   
and without freedom1 how there can be   
anything contingent4    ,again1 the     

atheistic author of the 8,system of     
,nature0 asserts that order  and        
disorder do not exist4 ,this is strongly
 refuted by ,voltaire1 who says  the    
author is to be distrusted very often1  
both in physics and in morals4          
,spinosa was a pantheist4 ,he1 like many
 modern sciolists1 repudiated design  in
 nature4 ,voltaire1 treating upon       
,spinosism1 says3 8,i am aware that     
various philosophers1 and especially    
,lucretius1 have denied final causes4   
,i am also aware that ,lucretius1 though
 not very chaste1 is a very great  poet 
in his descriptions and in his morals2  
but in philosophy ,i own he  appears to 
me to be very far behind a college      
porter or a parish beadle4  ,to affirm  
that the eye is not made to see1 nor the
 ear to hear1 nor the  stomach to       
digest1 is not this the most revolting  
folly that ever entered  the human mind8
 ,doubter as ,i am1 this insanity seems 
to me evident1  and ,i say so4 ,for my  
part1 ,i see in nature1 as in the arts1 

only final  causes2 and ,i believe that 
an apple tree is made to bear apples1 as
 ,i  believe that a watch is made to    
tell the hour40 ,voltaire charges       
,warburton  with calumniating ,cicero1  
by saying that ,cicero said1 8,it is    
unworthy of  the majesty of the empire  
to adore one only ,god40 ,voltaire's    
words are  these3 8,warburton1 like his 
contemporaries1 has calumniated ,cicero 
and  ancient ,rome40 ,he then gives the 
above quotation1 along with a short     
comment in ,cicero's defense1 and closes
 with the following words3 8,it is  then
 quite false that ,cicero1 or any other 
,roman1 ever said that it did  not      
become the majesty of the empire to     
acknowledge a ,supreme ,god4 ,their     
,jupiter1 the ,zeus of the ,greeks1 the 
,jehovah of the ,phnicians1 was always  
considered as the master of the         
secondary gods4 ,this great truth can   
not  be too forcibly inculcated40       
,voltaire was a ,deist4    ,lucretius1  
according to ,voltaire1 denied design in

 nature4 ,voltaire said1  in philosophy1
 he was very far behind a college porter
 or a parish beadle4    ,spinosa was a  
,pantheist4 ,voltaire says1 8,he        
frequently contradicted  himself2 that  
he had not always clear ideas2 that he  
sometimes clung to  one plank1 sometimes
 to another40    ,voltaire says3 8,a    
natural philosopher of some reputation  
had no doubt that  this #8,needham1' who
 made the eels1 #8was a profound        
,atheist1' who concluded  that since    
eels could be made of rye meal1 men     
might be made of wheat  flour2 that     
nature and chemistry produce all2 and   
that it was demonstrated  we may very   
well dispense with an all forming ,god40
 ,voltaire calls this  an unparalleled  
blunder4 ,d',holbach1 the author of the 
8,system de la  ,nature10 was an        
,atheist1 so were his assistants in the 
production of that  work4    ,voltaire  
addresses the author of that work in the
 following words3 8,in the  state of    
doubt in which we both are1 ,i do not   

say to you1 with ,pascal1  #8choose the 
safest4' ,there is no safety in         
uncertainty4 ,we are here not to  talk1 
but to examine2 we must judge1 and our  
judgment is not determined by  our will4
 ,i do not propose to you to believe    
extravagant things in order  to escape  
embarassment4 ,i do not say to you1     
#8,go to ,mecca1 and instruct  yourself 
by kissing the black stone1 take hold of
 a cow's tail1 muffle  yourself in a    
scapulary1 or be imbecile and fanatical 
to acquire the favor  of the ,being of  
beings4' ,i say to you1 #8,continue to  
cultivate virtue1 to  be beneficent1 to 
regard all superstition with horror1 or 
with pity2 but  adore1 with me1 the     
design which is manifested in all       
nature1 and  consequently the author of 
that design--the primordial and final   
cause of  all2 hope with me that our    
monade1 which reasons on the great      
eternal  ,being1 may be happy through   
that same great ,being4 ,there is no    
contradiction in this4 ,you can no more 

demonstrate its impossibility than  ,i  
can demonstrate mathematically that it  
is so4 ,in metaphysics we scarcely      
reason on anything but probabilities4   
,we are all swimming in a sea of  which 
we have never seen the shore4 ,woe be to
 those who fight while they  swim6 ,land
 who can2 but he that cries out to me1  
8,you swim in vain1 there  is no land10 
disheartens me1 and deprives me of all  
my strength4 ,what is  the object of our
 dispute8 ,to console our unhappy       
existence4 ,who consoles  it--you or ,i8
 ,you yourself own1 in some passages of 
your work1 that the  belief in a ,god   
has withheld some men on the brink of   
crime2 for me this  acknowledgment is   
enough4 ,if this opinion had prevented  
but ten  assassinations1 but ten        
calumnies1 but ten iniquitous judgments 
on the  earth1 ,i hold that the whole   
earth ought to embrace it4'             
0--,voltaire's  ,philosophical          
,dictionary4    ,this ,voltaire says3   
8,the laws punished public crimes2 it   

was necessary to  establish a check upon
 secret crimes2 this check was to be    
found only in  religion40 ,in the same  
article we find the following3 8,we are 
obliged to  hold intercourse and        
transact business and mix up in life    
with knaves  possessing little or no    
reflection2 with vast numbers of persons
 addicted  to brutality1 intoxication   
and rapine4 ,you may1 if you please1    
preach to  them that there is no hell1  
and that the soul of man is mortal4 ,as 
for  myself1 ,i will be sure to thunder 
in their ears that if they rob me they  
will inevitably be damned40 ,his true   
position upon the hell question is1     
that it is necessary to preach hell to  
the blind and brutal populace1 that     
there is a real necessity for such      
teaching1 whether it be true or false4  
,he seems to regard it untrue1 but      
necessary4 ,what an idea6 ,the harmony  
and  consistency of unbelievers is 787  
grand4 ,it is no wonder that ,voltaire's
  name should stand1 along with the     

names of ,atheists and ,pantheists and  
,deists1 above the head line upon the   
first page of the ,boston               
,investigator4            ,,is ,,god    
,,the ,,author ,,of ,,deception ,,and   
,,falsehood8      ,there is a want of   
fair dealing with ,bible language       
manifested by all the  enemies of our   
religion4 ,the unbelievers of our time  
will find it very  difficult for them to
 sustain the reputation of moral honesty
 and1 at the  same time1 retain many of 
the old1 worn out objections which they 
have  urged against the ,bible4 ,they   
should remember that while the light of 
scientific investigation is exposing the
 old1 unscientific and  unscriptural    
tenets of the creeds of our forefathers1
 and making it hard  for candid1        
sensible men to defend them1 it is also 
shedding light upon  ,bible truth to    
such an extent that unbelievers are     
finding it equally  difficult to retain 
their silly objections to the ,bible4   
,they have  asserted from #ast ,kings   

#cb1 that ,god kept false as well as    
true prophets4  ,this charge is not only
 without foundation in fact1 but also   
false and  contemptible4 ,the four      
hundred prophets mentioned in the sixth 
verse of  that chapter are emphatically 
denominated 8,ahab's prophets10         
notwithstanding they professed to be the
 ,lord's prophets4 ,this wicked ,king   
of ,israel had those wicked1 false      
prophets in his service4 ,the address of
  ,micaiah to the two kings in verses   
#ai-bc is a mere parable showing what1  
in the providence of ,god1 would shortly
 take place1 and the divine  permission 
for the agents1 spoken of1 to act4      
,micaiah did not tell the mad  and      
impious ,ahab that his prophets were all
 liars2 but he represents the  whole by 
a parable1 and1 in language equally     
strong and inoffensive1 he  says that   
which amounts to the same thing4        
,unbelievers of the schools of  modern  
spiritualism and ,bostonian infidelity1 
both say that ,god inspired  prophets   

with false messages1 and violated his   
own word4    ,the charge of inspiring   
prophets with false messages is founded1
  pretendingly1 upon #ast ,kings #bb3   
#bb1 #bc1 ,jeremiah #d3 #aj1 and        
,ezekiel #ad3  #i4 ,to answer this1 it  
is only necessary to know that it is an 
idiom of the  original languages to     
express1 in the imperative active1 that 
which is  simply permitted4 ,thus1 when 
the devils begged permission to enter   
into  the herd of swine1 ,jesus said1   
8,go0--,mat4 #h3 #ca4    ,and so we are 
to understand1 ,john #ac3 #bg1 where    
,jesus says to ,judas  ,iscariot1 8,what
 thou dost1 do quickly40 ,no man is     
thoroughly posted as a  ,bible scholar  
who is honest in making the above       
charge4 ,it is either  ignorance or     
dishonesty that causes men to thus      
oppose the record4 ,as we  are not      
justifiable in saying that ,jesus       
commanded his own betrayal1 so we  are  
not justifiable in saying ,god commanded
 lying4 ,correct principles of          

interpretation do not justify the       
unbeliever in any such blasphemy4 ,when 
an evil spirit offered himself to be a  
lying spirit in the mouth of a  wicked  
prophet--false prophet--,god said1 8,go 
forth and do so10 which only  signifies 
permission1 not command4 ,in ,jeremiah  
#d3 #aj1 where the prophet  complains   
that ,god had deceived them1 saying1    
8,they should have peace1  when the     
sword reached to the soul10 we are to   
understand that ,god  permitted the     
false prophets to deceive him1          
prophesying peace to the  people1 as    
appears from the history 7,ezekiel #ad3 
#i74 ,i1 the ,lord1 have  deceived that 
prophet1 that is1 permitted him to be   
deceived1 and  permitted him to deceive 
the people1 as the legitimate result of 
their own  wickedness1 and a just       
judgment upon them for their rejection  
of the  testimony of his true prophets4 
,there is nothing strange about all     
this2  for as sure as there is a ,god1  
so sure it is that he permits wicked    

lying  men to be deceived in our own    
day4 ,he has done this in all ages of   
the  world4 ,in fact1 it belongs to his 
ordained plan to permit1 or suffer1 men1
  individually or collectively1 to fall 
in their own deceptions and  wickedness4
 ,this he threatened in the above case1 
as you may see in the  fifth verse of   
,ezekiel #ad1 in these words1 8,i will  
take the house of  ,israel in their own 
heart1 because they are all estranged   
from me through  their idols2 because   
they have chosen to themselves false    
,gods1 ,i will  suffer them to be       
deceived with false prophets2 and ,i    
will stretch out  my hand upon him1 and 
,i will destroy him from the midst of my
 people40  ,destroy whom8 ,ans4--,the   
false prophet4    ,when the prophet of  
,god mistook the promise of ,god1 who   
told him1 when he  commissioned him1    
that he would be with him1 by which he  
understood that  he would be saved from 
all evils1 he said1 8,thou hast deceived
 me1 and ,i  was deceived40 ,this       

prophet was now a derision1 the people  
mocking him1  and in his passion and    
weakness he breaks forth in the above   
language4 ,it  was simply his own       
mistake1 or misunderstanding of ,god's  
promise4 ,god had  not promised him that
 he should not meet with scorn and      
opposition and  persecution1 but simply 
that they should not prevail against    
him1 as we  may learn from the latter   
part of the first chapter4 ,the second  
objection1  that the ,lord violated his 
promise1 is also founded in ignorance or
  dishonesty2 it is based upon the      
statements found in ,joshua #ac3 #a1 and
  ,judges #b3 #bj1 #ba1 compared with   
,genesis #ae3 #ah and #ah3 #ai1 #bj4 ,in
 ,joshua  #ac1 it is said that there    
remained very much land yet unconquered1
 which  they had not taken possession   
of1 notwithstanding the ,lord had       
promised to  be with them1 and to give  
them all the land remaining yet in the  
possession of their enemies4    ,in     
,judges #b3 #bj1 it is said that the    

people did not perform their part of    
the covenant1 and this is given as the  
reason why the ,lord had not driven  out
 any more of the nations before them4   
,the covenant with ,abraham was in      
consideration of his past faith and     
obedience2 yet it was suspended upon the
 future obedience of his  posterity4    
,see ,deut4 #g3 #ab1 #ac and #aa3 #bb to
 #bd2 and ,judges #b to #bj4 ,the  ,lord
 gives the following as the reason why  
he had not given them a  complete       
fulfillment of the covenant upon his    
part1 8,because that this  people hath  
transgressed my covenant which ,i       
commanded their fathers1 and  have not  
harkened to my voice1 ,i also will not  
henceforth drive out any of  the nations
 which ,joshua left when he died40      
,there are none so blind as  those who  
will not see4 ,when we find a promise   
from the ,lord1 and it is in  the       
positive form1 that is1 when its terms  
are not rested upon an  expressed       
condition1 we are authorized to supply  

the condition which  involves the moral 
element in the divine government1 viz3  
obedience upon  the part of man1 or men1
 as the case may be4 ,see ,ezekiel #cc3 
#ac4            ,,darwinism ,,weighed   
,,in ,,the ,,balances4      ,scientists 
who claim to be followers of ,darwin in 
scientific investigation  are known as  
evolutionists4 ,the majority of them    
seem to enjoy themselves  very much in  
opposing the statements of ,moses       
respecting the creation4 ,it  might be  
well for them to remember that ,darwin  
himself was compelled by  his better    
sense to declare that science demands a 
miracle in order to the  existence of   
the living unit lying at the base of the
 series of evolution4  ,so after all it 
remains a fact that ,darwinism is       
chained to miracle4 ,if  ,strauss had   
remembered this he need not have said1  
,darwin deserves to be  praised as one  
of the benefactors of the race because  
of having learned us  how to get rid of 
miracles4 ,if there is any value in     

evolution against the  ,bible it lies in
 the use that men make of it to destroy 
the idea that ,god  created man out of  
the dust of the earth and breathed into 
his nostrils  the breath of life4 ,where
 does ,darwinism take you to to study   
the origin  of man8 ,to the dust of the 
earth8 ,not exactly6 ,it takes you to   
the  slime of the sea1 or the mud of the
 ,nile1 just one step behind the  pulpy 
mass of protoplasm1 or the moneron4 ,god
 is there working a miracle2  such is   
,darwinism4 ,according to ,moses1 ,he   
was doing just as well yonder in  ,eden 
working a miracle with the dust of the  
earth4 ,now1 in all candor1  tell us    
which statement is most worthy of ,god1 
the one that finds the  origin of man in
 the ,eden earth with a miracle wrought 
upon the dust of  the ground1 or the one
 that finds his origin in a miracle     
wrought upon the  mud of the ,nile or   
the slime of the sea8 ,the one that     
stands him up  erect1 a man1 with       
,godlike attributes1 or the one that    

lays him down in  the slimy mass to pass
 through ages upon ages in order to get 
out of his  low1 slimy paternity and    
beastly traits of mere instinct1 with   
groveling  habits of life8 ,darwin1     
conscious of the axiomatic truth that no
 more can  be evolved than there is     
involved1 teaches the doctrine that     
variation or  change of species is      
brought about by causes which already   
existed in the  common progenitor4 ,such
 being true1 we ask3 ,in what link below
 man1 in the  great evolutionary chain1 
is intellect and moral nature to be     
found8  ,sensible men are turning1      
however1 away from the old1 threadbare1 
worn-out  guess-work4 ,the time is not  
far distant when it will retire once    
more from  scientific thought4 ,it is   
very old4 ,pliny1 eighteen centuries    
ago1 said3  8,the various kinds of apes 
offer an almost perfect resemblance to  
man in  their physical nature40 ,this is
 just equal to ,huxley's statement made 
in  our own nineteenth century1 that1   

8,so far as structure is concerned1 man 
differs to no greater extent from the   
animals which are immediately below     
him1 than these do from other members of
 the same order40 ,hence his            
conclusion3 8,man has proceeded from a  
modification or an improvement of  some 
lower animal1 some simpler stock40 ,this
 idea was fully expressed in  the early 
,pagan mythologies4 ,their satyrs or    
forest divinities were  creatures       
blending the animal with the human4 ,so 
,anaximander1 although an  advocate of  
the old hypothesis of evolution1 was not
 the originator of the  thought4 ,the   
old guess-up had its origin in ,pagan   
mythology4 ,the ,fauns  of the ,roman   
legend were supposed to be the          
transition species1 or bridge  across   
the chasm between the brute creation and
 man--a notion found in  ,hawthorne's   
8,marble ,faun40 ,so it is plain that   
evolution1 in ,darwin's  sense of the   
term1 does not lie between new          
discoveries in science and old  dogmas  

in religion1 but it does lie between    
speculation in science and old  dogmas  
in paganism--poor science1 she carries  
much that does not belong to  her6      
,evolution of species from other species
 is an idea found in heathen  mythology2
 it is also found in the ancient heathen
 cosmogonies4 ,the ,god of  flocks and  
shepherds among the ,greeks was a       
compound creature having the  horns and 
feet of a goat and the face of a man4   
,he was1 doubtless1 as near  an approach
 to man as ,darwin's imaginary link at  
some imaginary point in  his imaginary  
evolution4    ,this question is not one 
of progressive order in the same        
species1 but a  question relative to one
 species rising out of another of lower 
grade1 and  especially the development  
of man from the lower animals4 ,agassiz 
says1  8,some have mistaken the action  
and reaction which exists everywhere in 
one  and the same species for a causal  
connection10 that is to say1 these      
influences produced the species1 whereas

 the species must exist before any  such
 action and reaction can take place4    
,the action of physical  influences1 or 
external surrounding1 or environments   
upon species could  not take place      
unless the species first existed4       
,action and reaction in  one and the    
same species already existing1 furnishes
 no evidence upon the  manner in which  
the species was first brought into      
existence4 ,darwin says3  8,the creation
 of organic matter having already taken 
place1 my object is  to show in         
consequence of what laws1 or what       
demonstrable properties of  organic     
matter1 and of its environments1 such   
states of organic nature as  those with 
which we are acquainted must have come  
about40 ,well1 ,mr4 ,darwin  will never 
get nearer the truth upon this great    
question than he was when  he marched   
boldly up to miraculous intervention in 
order to get his first  unit1 or living 
organism to place at the beginning of   
his evolutionary  series1 unless he     

comes back to ,moses and takes          
,christian ground4 ,geology  does not   
teach that species have been evolved    
from lower species4 ,geology  declares  
that new forms are new expressions of   
creative power4 ,all the  physical      
forces that were operating upon our     
earth in the inorganic  period1 are in  
operation now4 ,why1 ,o why1 has it been
 that the experience  and observation of
 the ages1 as well as the record in the 
rocks1 have  failed to give1 in all the 
earth1 one sensible demonstration in    
support of  the proposition that man1 or
 any other species1 was evolved from an 
inferior species8 ,the answer is        
easy--blind physical forces were1 and   
are1  insufficient to bring into        
existence living being4 ,throughout     
every  department of creation there are 
evidences of invisible or spiritual     
powers that lie behind the events that  
come under observation in science4      
,chemical affinity lies behind1 and     
produces important changes that take    

place in organic matter4 ,but chemical  
affinities do not explain living1       
organic1 being2 for we have our         
existence at the expense of chemical    
affinities4 ,the living force1 whatever 
it may be1 lies behind chemical         
affinities1 and controls them4 ,instinct
 influences many of the  manifestations 
in animal life1 and intelligence        
controls the sober conduct  of men4 ,yet
 above all these there is that wonderful
 builder and overseer  of the organism  
called life4 ,as nature was perfect in  
all her elementary  principles during   
the inorganic period1 and as inertia    
was1 and is1 a  property of matter1 it  
follows1 necessarily1 that life was a   
new  principle1 from an immaterial      
source1 otherwise inertia is not a      
property  of matter2 for a thing can not
 be--exist and not be at the same time4 
,vogt reasons in favor of evolution of  
species from a few abnormal--that is    
deteriorated--human beings1 which is the
 mistake spoken of by ,agassiz1 that    

action and reaction in one and the same 
species produce species4 ,action  and   
reaction does not produce the species1  
nor yet another species4 ,men  and apes 
have lived side by side for thousands of
 years4 ,why is it that  apes have made 
no advance towards the human form8 ,poor
 fellows6 ,an ape is  always an ape1 and
 a man is always a man4 ,the geological 
record upon the  rocks is in favor of   
man's existence as man by creative      
interposition4 ,the  evolution          
hypothesis rests its conclusions upon   
effects that well-known  causes have    
never been known to produce1 for the    
evolution of species from  lower species
 was never known anywhere in history or 
fact4 ,in reference to  ,darwin's ideas 
upon the origin of species1 ,mr4 ,huxley
 said3 8,that1  notwithstanding the     
clearness of the style1 those who       
attempt fairly to  digest the book find 
much of it a sort of intellectual       
pemmican--a mass of  facts crushed and  
pounded into shape1 rather than held    

together by the  ordinary medium of a   
logical bond40 ,the impossibility of a  
scientific test  is admitted1 for vast  
periods of time in the infinite past are
 claimed for  the work of natural       
selection4 ,countless ages form the     
basis of the  system1 without which it  
could not have brought about the present
 order of  things4 ,but an infinite     
series of life forms upon our earth     
could not be  possible1 for it has been 
shown1 allowing that the heat has passed
 out of  our earth uniformly1 as it does
 at present1 that inside of a           
comparatively  limited period in the    
past1 it must have been so intensely hot
 as to have  been capable of melting a  
mass of rock equal to the bulk of the   
whole  earth4 ,yet ,darwin has his half 
developed--imaginary animals strewn     
along  there in the infinite ages of the
 past4 ,men may get around this         
difficulty  by disregarding the facts of
 science and of common sense1 or by     
doing as  ,tyndall did2 that is1 by     

taking up the mechanism of the human    
body1 the  mind itself1 emotion1        
intellect1 will and all their phenomena1
 and  latentizing them in a fire cloud4 
,tyndall says3 8,they were once latent  
in a fiery cloud40 ,farewell to common  
sense or ,darwinism--which shall it  be8
 ,darwin's idea that all the causes of  
evolution were placed in a common       
progenitor1 by a miraculous creation of 
that common progenitor is in very  poor 
harmony with his denial of design in    
nature1 and also in poor harmony  with  
the idea of environments contributing so
 extensively to the change of  species2 
for if all the causes were placed in a  
common progenitor1 of  course1 they are 
not to be found in the least degree in  
environment4 ,if  all was placed in a   
common progenitor1 brought into         
existence by a  miracle1 as ,darwin     
teaches1 how is design to be excluded   
from nature8  ,imperfections in nature  
are urged against design in nature by   
all the  school of evolutionists4 ,but  

what kind of imperfection is that which 
is  involved in the idea of ,god        
creating a common progenitor1 lying at  
the  base of ,darwin's series of        
evolution1 possessing all the causes of 
all  effects in nature1 without         
designing those effects8 ,what wonderful
  undesigned results6    ,there are     
those1 among unbelievers1 who profess to
 see no evidences of a  designing       
intelligence in all the harmonies of    
nature1 and yet profess to  see the far 
off man behind the old stone ax4 ,what  
wonderful intelligence  they have6      
,there is no want of intelligence2 it is
 want of something else1  which         
,christianity requires4 ,i think so much
 of your common sense that ,i  will     
leave you to say what that is4 ,socrates
 said3 8,when ,i was young it  was      
surprising how earnestly ,i desired that
 species of science which they  call    
physical1 for it appeared to me         
pre-eminently excellent in bringing  us 
to know the causes of each1 through what

 each is produced and  destroyed4 ,but  
happening to hear some one read in a    
book1 that it is  intelligence which is 
the parent of order and cause of all    
things1 ,i  considered that1 if it were 
so1 the ordering intelligence placed    
each  thing where it was best40    ,is  
mind a development upward from the      
instinct of the brute creation1 or  is  
it an offspring from ,god8 ,man's       
reasoning intelligence separates him    
from the brute by a chasm that no man   
can carry the reasoning powers of  mind 
across4 ,all on that side is brutish4   
,the science of the ,bible1  dealing    
with intelligence as its subject1 is the
 highest order of science  known to man4
 ,to limit the term science to physical 
phenomena is  unjustifiable1 unless     
matter is the only substance in the     
universe1 and  unless it be true1 also1 
that some things resulting from matter  
lie  outside of science2 for if matter  
is the one1 and only1 substance1 and if 
science deals with all there is1 or may 

be1 connected with that substance1      
then1 according to materialists         
themselves1 its province is to deal with
  life1 mind and religion4 ,but matter  
is not the only substance1 unless a     
thing can be1 exist1 and not be at the  
same time2 for if life is a  property of
 matter inertia is not1 and if mind is a
 property of matter it  must be with all
 matter everywhere1 or the thing is and 
is not at one and  the same time4       
,the mind1 in all its faculties1 lies   
outside of the domain of the physical   
sciences4 ,each man gets his knowledge  
of his own mental and moral  self-hood1 
not through the senses1 but by his      
consciousness4 ,so there is a  mental   
science that looks inward1 and a        
physical science that looks  outward4   
,break down consciousness and philosophy
 is ruined4 ,but some  ignoramus is     
ready to say3 ,what care ,i for         
philosophy8 ,poor fellow6 ,he  does not 
know what philosophy is2 his ignorance  
is his trouble4 ,philosophy  simply     

tells us how things are2 it answers the 
question1 how is it8  ,there is nothing 
in which we are more interested than we 
are in the how  is it8 ,let us not ruin 
philosophy2 consciousness is her        
foundation with  us2 for in order to    
knowledge there must be primary and     
intuitive beliefs2  the man who has no  
faith in his own ability to see truth1  
when it is  presented through the medium
 of the senses1 will never come to any  
definite conclusions about any thing4   
,so mind is innate1 and lies in         
consciousness1 or self-hood1 and is at  
the bottom of all our knowledge2        
otherwise we would not1 and could not1  
be men4    ,mind is above matter1 and   
virtue and morals are above both in     
their  results4 ,the certainties are not
 all confined to physical nature1 and   
hence science should not be4            
,personality and the freedom of the     
will1  possessed in consciousness1 are  
as certain as any facts in the physical 
world4 ,truth1 justice1 right and wrong 

are equally certain4            ,,was   
,,it ,,possible8      ,the miracle of   
the sun and the moon standing still in  
the days of ,joshua  is urged as        
contrary to the philosophy of nature1   
and therefore untrue4  ,that which is   
simply above the ordinary is not        
necessarily contrary to the  ordinary4  
,the objection is without value until it
 be proven that there is  no ,god2 for  
it is in his power to control the       
planets4 ,otherwise he is not           
omnipotent4 ,on this very account1 it is
 true1 that there is no consistent      
ground between ,christianity and        
atheism2 for the moment we admit the    
existence of ,god1 that moment we       
concede the existence of the power      
adequate to the accomplishment of all   
the miracles of the ,bible4 ,joshua     
went to the aid of the ,gibeonites      
against the confederate kings2 went up  
to ,gilgal all night1 and came          
instantaneously upon the enemy2 having  
thrown them into confusion with great   

slaughter1 and chased them from  ,gibeon
 to ,beth-horon1 in a westerly          
direction1 the ,lord co-operating in    
their destruction by a great hail-storm1
 which slew more than the swords  of the
 ,israelites1 but touched not the       
,israelites4 ,in this situation of      
things the sun appears over ,gibeon     
eastward and the moon over ,ajalon      
westward4 ,when ,joshua saw it1 moved by
 a grand impulse1 he said3 8,sun1  stand
 thou still over ,gibeon2 and thou1     
moon1 over the valley of ,ajalon40  ,see
 ,joshua #aj3 #a to #bh4    ,the entire 
machinery of nature is no more in the   
hands of an ,omnipotent  ,god than a    
clock or watch in the hands of a man4   
,how absurd it is for a  man1 who       
believes in ,god's existence1 to be     
emptying out his wicked  ridicule1 the  
result of his ignorance or otherwise1 of
 his dishonesty1  upon this miracle8 ,is
 not ,god above his laws8 ,can not he   
manipulate1 take  hold of and handle the
 laws of nature8    ,it is claimed that 

the miracle was contrary to the         
philosophy of nature4  ,god out1 it     
would be true1 but ,god in1 it is not4  
,it is conceded by  the best of minds   
that the ,bible is in perfect accord    
with the ,newtonian  system2 that the   
sun is the center of the solar system2  
and the earth1 and  all other planets1  
move round the sun in certain periodical
 times2 that  the sun revolves around   
his own axis1 and round the common      
center of  gravity included in his own  
surface2 that the solar influence is the
  cause of the annual and diurnal       
motions of the earth1 and that the      
motions of the earth must continue while
 the solar influence continues to  act  
upon it2 that no power but that of      
,jehovah can change this solar          
influence2 that he can suspend the      
operation of this influence2 that he    
can and does manipulate--handle the laws
 which he has established--whenever  his
 wisdom sees proper4 ,it would be       
degrading to allow that the ,almighty   

,one threw this universe of his under   
laws over which he has no controlling   
power4    ,the miracle wrought upon this
 occasion was altogether worthy of ,god4
  ,joshua spoke as if he knew all about 
the effect of the solar influence  upon 
our planet2 it is this influence that   
gives to our earth its diurnal  motion1 
and the arresting of this influence     
would arrest the motion of the  earth   
and the day would be lengthened out4    
,it is objected that if the sun should  
stand still one moment everything  upon 
the earth would be swept from existence4
 ,it is the objection that is  at fault1
 for there is no evidence that it was an
 instantaneous miracle4 ,a  few seconds 
is all that is necessary when a carriage
 is in rapid motion to  enable its      
occupants to light out with perfect     
safety when an  instantaneous pause     
would hurl them over the dash4 ,at the  
equator the  rotation of the earth is at
 the rate of fourteen hundred and       
twenty-six  feet per second2 twelve     

hundred and twelve feet at ,jerusalem4  
,it is the  speed of a ball at the      
moment of leaving a cannon's mouth1     
discharged by  one-fifth of its own     
weight of powder4 ,this power is allowed
 to be  sufficient to elevate its ball  
to the height of twenty-four thousand   
feet1  deducting the effect of          
atmospheric resistance4 ,yet a child of 
six summers  could destroy all this     
force by the elastic and continued      
action of its  fingers inside of        
two-thirds of a minute4 ,this last      
objection is entirely  worthless until  
it be shown that the miracle under      
consideration was  instantaneous1 for   
eighteen minutes is time enough to stop1
 gradually1 our  planet in its motion1  
so effectually that you would not feel  
that anything  had happened4 8,the fool 
hath said in his heart there is no      
,god40