,university of ,georgia47 ,illustration3 ,c4 ,a4 ,,bogardus ,,champion ,,quickshot ,,of ,,the ,,world4 ,,one ,,thousand ,,secrets ,,of ,,wise ,,and ,,rich ,,men ,,revealed ,c4 ,a4 ,,bogardus ,champion ,quick ,shot of the ,world #aijg ,,de ,,luxe 4 ,,edition 4 ,,limited ,,springfield1 ,,mo4 ,,copyrighted #ahih ,,by ,c4 ,a4 ,,bogardus ,,revised ,,and ,,enlarged #aijg ,,fourteenth ,,edition ,transcriber's ,note3 ,this ebook does not contain any text that matches ,the ,art ,department between pages #acb-acc1 as listed in the ,contents4 ,,contents4 ,chapter4 ,page4 ,i4 ,quick ,shooting ,records of ,c4 ,a4 ,bogardus #g ,,ii4 ,medical ,department #aj ,accidents and ,emergencies--,what to ,do #ai ,the ,mind ,cure #bd ,poisons and ,their ,antidotes #be ,,iii4 ,ink ,department #bg ,,iv4 ,cosmetic ,department #cb ,v4 ,live ,stock ,department #ce ,how to tell the ,age of ,horses1 ,cattle1 etc4 #ci ,,vi4 ,hog ,department #dc ,,vii4 ,poultry ,department #ea ,,viii4 ,chemical ,department #ed ,,ix4 ,miscellaneous ,department #fa ,what to ,invent1 and ,how to ,protect ,your ,invention #gh ,candy--,directions for ,making all ,kinds of #he ,x4 ,coin ,department--,illustrated ,list and ,tables of ,values of ,rare ,coins #ie ,loisette's ,system of ,memory #ajg ,useful ,tables of ,mnemonics #aaa ,facts ,worth ,knowing #aba ,art ,department between pages #acb-acc ,gems of ,thought from ,poor ,richard's ,almanac1 etc4 #ace ,robert ,burns #adg ,,xi4 ,oratorical ,department #adi ,patrick ,henry's ,speech #adi ,abraham ,lincoln's ,speech #aeb ,wm4 ,j4 ,bryan's ,speeches #aec ,speeches of ,c4 ,a4 ,bogardus #afd ,address ,delivered at ,farmington1 ,iowa #afe ,speech at ,decatur1 ,indiana #afi ,speech at ,jacksonville1 ,ill4 #agd ,what ,next #ahi ,,announcement4 ,,springfield1 ,,mo41 ,august #bhth1 #aijg4 ,,to ,,the ,,public3 ,in as much as the former editions of this book have been so well liked1 excepting the type being so small1 it has been mentioned by many that a correction in that particular would be well4 ,i have revised and enlarged the book and it now appears from larger type4 ,c4 ,a4 ,b4 ,,preface4 ,agesilaus1 king of ,sparta1 being asked what things he thought most proper for boys to learn1 replied3 ,those things which they should practice when they become men4 ,his reply was in perfect harmony with the good judgment of mankind1 and cannot fail to be appreciated by all who have good common sense4 ,if ,agesilaus lived at the present time1 the question would most probably have included both boys and girls1 and undoubtedly his reply would be so worded as to apply to men and women4 ,mankind1 especially of the ,united ,states1 has two great duties4 ,first1 that of self-support and education4 ,second1 that of governmental support and national enlightenment4 ,while ,i have thus divided man's responsibility in two parts1 it might not be improper to obliviate the dividing line and say that man's duties are all under one comprehensive head1 viz43 ,mankind's duty is to man4 ,however1 in the preparation of this volume the dividing line is recognized and two general departments are presented2 that of domestic or household economy1 and national or political economy4 ,the former department is a compilation of useful household formulas so arranged and worded as to form a neat and concise household receipt book4 ,frequent reference to its pages will impart such information as will enable the reader to save money and at the same time enjoy life4 ,department number two treats on social questions that are now knocking at humanity's intellectual threshold for admission and solution4 ,records show that less than one-thirtieth part of the time of man in general is consumed in productive pursuits1 yet some people toil diligently three-fifths of their time and receive only a scanty living4 ,to assist in making clear the road to private and national prosperity is therefore the motive which actuates me in the publication of this book4 ,c4 ,a4 ,b4 ,,chapter ,i4 ,,quick ,,shooting ,,records4 ,from the time ,i was twelve years old ,i was considered a very fine shot with a rifle1 although ,i did but very little shooting1 and1 in fact1 did not know that ,i was any more than a common marksman2 yet in any contests while a boy ,i always won4 ,one day in ,june1 #ahhd1 while passing a shooting gallery1 my friends called me in for a match to pay for shots3 ,i beat them all shooting1 my score was #aa consecutive bull's eyes1 while none of my friends had made half that score4 ,the boys said ,i did well1 to which ,i jestingly remarked that that was common shooting for me2 just throw up an apple and ,i will hit it4 ,the apple was thrown up1 and ,i hit it1 which was as much of a surprise to me as it was to any of the rest4 ,i then borrowed a #bb-;calibre ,stevens rifle and practiced shooting at objects thrown in the air1 first shooting at tomato cans1 afterwards at smaller objects1 and finally at marbles and various other small objects4 ,by practicing half an hour a day1 within a month ,i could hit #gj per cent of the glass balls which were thrown in the air4 ,on ,july #d1 #ahhd1 ,i shot a match with ,james ,robinson1 at ,pratt1 ,kansas2 conditions1 #aj glass balls each at #ba foot rise1 he using a shot gun1 ,i a rifle2 ,i lost with a score of #d to #f4 ,this is the only match ,i ever lost with a rifle against a shot gun4 ,the trouble with me was1 this being my first match1 ,i was thinking more about the stake money than the shooting4 ,besides the stake money which ,i lost1 ,i had to treat all the boys who attended the match2 they all laughed and had a good time at my expense4 ,the next day after my shoot with ,robinson1 ,i sent to ,p4 ,power ,son1 of ,cincinnati1 for a #cb-;calibre ,winchester repeating rifle4 ,i continued practicing with the ,winchester for about six weeks1 when ,i challenged ,g4 ,w4 ,washburn of ,kingman1 ,kansas1 to a match4 7,mr4 ,w4 was at that time champion of ,kingman ,county47 ,he to use a shot gun at glass balls from a ,moles rotary trap1 #ba yards rise1 ,i to use a #cb-;calibre ,winchester1 balls from a straight trap1 #aj-a_/b yards rise1 #ej balls each4 ,in the toss up ,i won and preferred to shoot second4 ,the score was a tie on #dg balls2 we shot the tie off at #aj balls each2 again we tied on ten balls straight4 ,the match was continued at #aj balls more each4 ,by this time things had become a little exciting4 ,over #aejj was bet2 many were betting #d to #a against me1 thinking that ,i would lose my nerve and go to missing4 ,mr4 ,w4 walked to the score for the third time and broke #i balls out of #aj shot at2 it then came my turn to shoot1 and ,i hit nine balls in succession when ,i was interrupted by a big fellow who offered to bet #be ,i would miss the #ajth ball2 this bet was accepted1 and it turned out that the fellow had just spoken in time to lose his #be1 for the #ajth ball had not got eight feet from the trap when ,i broke it4 ,i won this match with a score of #fg against #ff out of #gj balls shot at4 ,i then went to shooting at glass balls with rifle against a shot gun1 and in the past #bj years ,i have competed against #bjf good trap shots and have not lost a match4 ,i will mention only a few of them4 ,in the summer of '#he1 in ,medicine ,lodge1 ,kansas1 an expert shooter came over from ,cold ,water1 ,kansas1 to shoot with me4 ,we had a match at target1 distance #ij feet1 with #bb-;calibre ,stephens rifle2 he used globe and peep sight1 ,i used open sights4 ,the score stood in my favor #aad to #ajg out of a possible #abj1 at a quarter-inch bull's eye4 ,the next day we shot a match at #ajj glass balls1 he using a shot gun1 ,i a rifle4 ,the score stood #ii to #id in my favor4 ,i will mention a match which ,i had in ,omaha1 ,nebraska1 in ,august1 #ahhf4 ,there was nothing very striking about this match because of fine shooting2 ,i only mention it to show how unfair people sometimes are toward strangers4 ,i have forgotten the man's name1 but he was a barber working on ,tenth street2 he held a championship medal that he had won in ,dakota with a ,winchester rifle at glass balls4 ,he challenged me to shoot three matches3 ,first1 #ajj glass balls hanging still from the limb of a tree1 fifty yards distance4 ,second match at #ajj balls1 #aj yards rise1 thrown by hand4 ,third match1 each to shoot #ajj glass balls laid on the ground in a circle #bjj feet in circumference1 balls two feet apart1 shooter to stand in the center of the circle1 the one who broke the balls in the shortest time to win1 but neither of us was allowed more than #acc shots in which to break the #ajj balls4 ,i had heard a good deal said of this man1 over ,nebraska everywhere he was spoken of as a fine shot1 and in the first match ,i was really afraid of being beaten1 for ,i never had practiced a great amount at stationary targets1 but on the whole ,i was not afraid1 for the party who won two out of the series of matches was to be declared the winner4 ,in the first match ,i broke #ajj balls in #bjf shots1 while my opponent broke #hb in the same number of shots2 this made me easy winner of the first match4 ,in the second match all kinds of tricks were resorted to1 to beat me4 ,my opponent's friends tried to rattle me by offering to bet that ,i would miss certain balls1 but when they failed in this1 the party throwing the balls would first throw a ball four feet high1 then one #bj feet high1 while my opponent's were thrown uniformly4 ,notwithstanding the fact that ,i was treated very unfair1 the score stood a tie on #hc balls out of #ajj4 ,in the third match at #ajj balls in shortest time1 ,i won easily1 breaking the #ajj balls in two minutes and three seconds1 shooting #abg shots1 while my opponent broke #fa balls in #acc shots1 time four minutes1 forty-two seconds4 ,in ,fort ,smith1 ,arkansas1 ,march #ba1 #ahhi1 ,i shot on time at #ajj glass balls against five men with shot guns1 ,i using a #cb-;calibre ,winchester rifle4 ,i broke #ajj balls in ninety-five seconds1 while the five men broke #ajj balls in three minutes and two seconds4 ,ravena1 ,ohio1 ,july #d1 #ahij1 ,i broke #bej glass balls in four minutes and sixteen seconds4 ,at ,newark1 ,n4,y41 ,july #d1 #ahia1 ,i broke #ha glass balls in seventy-four seconds1 #ca of which ,i broke in sixteen seconds1 which is far the best record ever made with a rifle4 ,in all of the matches ,i had assistants to load4 ,i have hit #ci #dd-;calibre cartridge shells out of #aaj thrown up1 #fg #bb-;calibre cartridge shells out of #aaj thrown up4 ,the most difficult feat ,i ever performed was hitting #g balls thrown up at one time4 ,this ,i did at ,shelby1 ,michigan1 ,october #bd1 #ahhi1 using a #dd-;calibre ,winchester rifle loaded with shot cartridges4 ,on ,july #d1 #ahic1 ,i hit #ajjj wooden balls with #bb-;calibre ,marlin rifle in #ag-a_/d minutes1 which is #i4be minutes quicker than the feat has ever been accomplished by any other person4 ,i have thrown an object into the air and hit it #ab times before it struck the ground1 ,i using an automatic shot gun4 ,in concluding this article1 ,i will suggest to those learning to shoot1 that as a workman is known by the kind of tools he uses1 it is equally true of the marksman4 ,in order to do good shooting a good gun must be used4 ,as a repeating rifle ,i have never seen the equal of the ,marlin1 model '#ib4 ,when the gun is kept in good repair1 used with well loaded cartridges1 it is absolutely sure to repeat1 a thing that ,i cannot say of any other repeating rifle4 ,although others are good1 ,i consider the ,marlin the best4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,bogardus1 ,champion ,quick ,shot of the ,world4 ,,chapter ,,ii4 ,,medical ,,department4#a ,,bogardus' ,,liniment4--,take two ozs4 ,oil ,cajeput1 one oz4 ,oil ,sassafras1 one oz4 ,oil ,cloves1 one oz4 ,oil ,organum1 #a_/b-oz4 ,oil ,mustard1 one oz4 ,tinc4 ,capsicum1 two ozs4 ,gum ,camphor1 one-half ,gallon of ,alcohol4 ,use as other liniments for any ache or pain4 ,for sore throat or hoarseness1 saturate a towel with the liniment1 place it over the mouth1 let it remain so for #d or #e hours1 and you will be cured4 ,for croup1 bathe throat and chest with the liniment4 ,give one-fourth teaspoonful of liniment in one teaspoonful of warm water every #e to #aj minutes till relieved4 ,also1 let the child breathe the fumes of the liniment4 ,i especially recommend this liniment for general family use4 #a ,,note--,it is not pretended that in every instance the formulas are absolutely those used to make the medicines as indicated herein2 but in every instance the medicines are equally good1 when made according to instructions4 ,,healing ,,salve4--,one lb4 ,lard1 #a_/b lb4 ,resin1 #a_/b lb4 ,sweet ,elder bark4 ,simmer over a slow fire #d hours1 or until it forms a hard1 brown salve4 ,this is for the cure of cuts1 bruises1 boils1 old sores and all like ailments4 ,spread on a cotton cloth and apply to the parts affected4 ,,specific ,,inflammatory ,,rheumatism4--,one oz4 ,salt ,petre1 pulverized2 one pint ,sweet ,oil4 ,bathe the parts affected three times a day with this mixture and a speedy cure will be the result4 ,,another ,,salve4--,one oz4 ,sheep's ,tallow1 ,beeswax one oz41 one-half oz4 ,sweet ,oil1 one-half oz4 ,red ,lead1 two ozs4 ,gum ,camphor4 ,fry all these together in a stone dish4 ,continue to simmer for #d hours4 ,spread on green basswood leaves or paper and apply to the sore4 ,,magnetic ,,ointment4--,one lb4 ,elder ,bark1 one lb4 ,spikenard ,root1 one lb4 ,yellow ,dock ,root4 ,boil in two gallons of water down to one1 then press the strength out of the bark and roots and boil the liquid down to one-half gallon4 ,add #h lbs4 of best ,resin1 one lb4 ,beeswax1 and ,tallow enough to soften4 ,apply to the sores1 etc41 by spreading on linen cloth4 ,,ointment ,,stramonium4--,one lb4 ,stramonium ,leaves1 three lbs4 ,lard1 one-half lb4 ,yellow ,wax4 ,boil the ,stramonium ,leaves in the ,lard until they become pliable1 then strain through linen4 ,lastly add the wax previously melted and stir until they are cold4 ,this a useful anodyne application in irritable ulcers1 painful hemorrhoids1 and in cutaneous eruptions4 ,,cathartic ,,pills4--,one-half oz4 extract ,colacinth1 in powder1 three drms4 ,jolop in powder1 three drms4 ,calomel1 two scru4 ,gamboge in powder4 ,mix these together and with water form into mass and roll into #ahj pills4 ,dose1 one pill as a mild laxative1 two in vigorous operations4 ,use in all bilious diseases when purges are necessary4 ,,for ,,heartburn--,,lozenges4--,one oz4 ,gum ,arabic1 one oz4 pulverized ,licorice ,root1 one-fourth oz4 ,magnesia4 ,add water to make into lozenges4 ,let dissolve in mouth and swallow4 ,,another ,,cough ,,cure--7,,good74--,take the white of an egg and pulverized sugar2 beat to a froth4 ,take a tablespoonful every hour for #c or #d hours4 ,,tetter ,,ointment4--,one oz4 ,spirits ,turpentine1 one ounce ,red ,precipitate in powder1 one oz4 ,burgundy ,pitch in powder1 one lb4 ,hog's ,lard4 ,melt all these ingredients over a slow fire until the ointment is formed4 ,stir until cold4 ,spread on a linen rag and apply to the parts affected4 ,a ,,sure ,,cure ,,for ,,piles4--,confection of ,senna1 two ozs41 ,cream of ,tartar one oz41 ,sulphur one oz41 ,syrup of ,ginger1 enough to make a stiff paste2 mix4 ,a piece as large as a nut is to be taken as often as necessary to keep the bowels open4 ,one of the best remedies known4 ,,diphtheria4--,take a clean clay tobacco pipe1 put a live coal in it1 then put common tar on the fire and smoke it1 inhaling and breathing back through the nostrils4 ,,fever ,,and ,,ague4--,quinine one scru41 ,elixir ,vitriol one drm4 ,dissolve the ,quinine in the ,elixir and ,tinc4 of ,black ,cohash fourteen drops4 ,dose3 #bj drops in a little water once an hour4 ,,corns4--,a ,,sure ,,cure ,,and ,,painless ,,eradication4--,extract of ,cannabis ,indicus ten grs41 ,salicylic ,acid #f grs41 ,collodion one oz4 ,mix and apply with a camel's hair pencil so as to form a thick covering over the corn for #c or #d nights4 ,take a hot foot bath and the corn can easily be removed with the aid of a knife4 ,,magic ,,oil4--,one gallon ,sweet ,oil1 two ozs4 ,oil ,hemlock1 two ozs4 ,oil ,organum1 two ozs4 ,chloroform1 four ozs4 ,spirits ,ammonia4 ,mix4 ,let it stand #bd hours and it is ready for use4 ,dose1 internally1 one teaspoonful for adults4 ,bathe the affected parts well4 ,this is a great remedy for aches and pains1 ,rheumatism1 ,neuralgia1 and all nervous and inflammatory diseases4 ,,cure ,,for ,,sore ,,throat ,,in ,,all ,,its ,,different ,,forms4--,two ozs4 ,cayenne ,pepper1 one oz4 common ,salt1 one-half pint of ,vinegar4 ,warm over a slow fire and gargle the throat and mouth every hour4 ,garlic and ,onion poultice applied to the outside4 ,castor ,oil1 one spoonful to keep the bowels open4 ,,drops ,,of ,,life4--,one oz4 ,gum ,opium1 one drm4 ,gum ,kino1 forty grs4 ,gum ,camphor1 one-half ounce ,nutmeg powdered1 one pint ,french ,brandy4 ,let stand from one to ten days4 ,dose1 from #cj to #dj drops for an adult2 children1 half doses4 ,this is one of the most valuable preparations in the ,materia ,medica1 and will in some dangerous hours1 when all hope is fled1 and the system is racked with pain1 be the soothing balm which cures the most dangerous disease to which the human body is liable--flux1 dysentery and all summer complaints4 ,,catarrh1 ,,positive ,,cure4--,carbolic ,acid1 ten to twenty drops2 ,vaseline1 one to two ozs4 ,mix and use with an atomizer #c or #d times per day4 ,,cough ,,drops4--,tinc4 ,aconite #e drops1 ,tinc4 ,asclepias one drm41 ,glycerine two ozs41 ,syrup of ,wild ,cherry4 ,mix and take a teaspoonful every #dj minutes until relieved4 ,,eye ,,water4--,table ,salt and ,white ,vitriol1 each one teaspoonful4 ,heat them on earthen dish until dry4 ,now add them to soft water one-half pint4 ,white ,sugar one teaspoonful1 ,blue ,vitriol a piece as large as a common pea4 ,should this be too strong add a little more water4 ,apply to the eye #c or #d times a day4 ,,to ,,remove ,,tape ,,worm4--,let the patient miss two meals4 ,give two teaspoonfuls powdered ,kamala4 ,should the bowels not move within two and-a half hours1 give another teaspoonful of the ,kamala4 ,you may follow this in two hours by from half to one oz4 ,castor ,oil4 ,this is a positive cure for ,tape ,worm4 ,it will not make the patient sick4 ,in buying the drug be sure and get ,kamala1 not ,camellea4 ,kamala is in appearance like quite red brick dust1 and is nearly tasteless1 whereas ,camellea is of a yellowish color4 ,a ,,sure ,,cure ,,for ,,small ,,pox4--,a gentleman contributes to the ,chicago ,news the following as a sure and never failing cure for small pox3 ,one ounce ,cream of ,tartar dissolved in pint of boiling water1 to be drank when cold at intervals4 ,it can be taken at any time1 and as a preventive as well as a curative4 ,it is known to have cured in thousands of cases without a failure4 ,,to ,,strengthen ,,and ,,invigorate ,,the ,,system4--,two drms4 ,essential ,salt of the ,round ,leaf ,cornel1 one scru4 ,extract ,rhubarb1 one scru4 ,ginger ,powder4 ,make into pills1 and take for a dose #b or #c twice a day4 ,,gonorrhea4--,balsam of ,copabia one oz41 ,oil of ,cubebs two drms41 ,laudanum one dram1 ,mucilage of ,gum ,arabic two ozs41 ,sweet ,spirits ,nitre half oz41 ,compound ,spirits ,lavender three drms41 ,camphor ,water four ozs41 ,white ,sugar two drms41 ,oil of ,partridge ,berry five drops4 ,mix4 ,dose1 a tablespoonful #c or #d times a day4 ,,sure ,,corn ,,cure4--,one-half ounce ,tincture of ,iodine1 one-half ounce ,chloride or ,antimony1 #ab grains ,iodide of ,iron4 ,mix4 ,pare the corn with a sharp knife2 apply the lotion with a pencil brush4 ,put up in one ounce bottles4 ,sell for #be to #dj cents4 ,this sells to everybody4 7,see price of labels47 ,n4,b4--,the law imposing stamp duty on medicines1 compounds1 perfumes1 cosmetics1 etc41 has been repealed4 ,,russia ,,salve4--,take equal parts of ,yellow ,wax and ,sweet ,oil1 melt slowly1 carefully stirring2 when cooling stir in a small quantity of ,glycerine4 ,good for all kinds of wounds1 etc4 ,,paradise ,,liniment4--,take a gill of ,alcohol1 one-fourth ounce ,tincture ,capsicum1 one-half ounce ,paradise ,seed1 cracked1 and put all together4 ,for rheumatism1 sprains1 lameness1 etc4 ,,court ,,plaster4--,this plaster is a kind of varnished silk1 and its manufacture is very easy4 ,bruise a sufficient quantity of ,isinglass1 and let it soak in a little warm water for twenty-four hours4 ,expose it to heat over the fire until the greater part of the water is dissipated and supply its place by proof ,spirits of ,wine1 which will combine with the ,isinglass4 ,strain the whole through a piece of open linen1 taking care that the consistency of the mixture shall be such that when cool it may form a trembling jelly4 ,extend a piece of black or flesh-colored silk on a wooden frame1 and fix it in that position by means of tacks or twine4 ,then apply the ,isinglass1 after it has been rendered liquid by a gentle heat1 to the silk with a brush of fine hair 7badger's is the best74 ,as soon as this coating is dried1 which will not be long1 apply a second1 and afterward1 if the article is to be very superior1 a third4 ,when the whole is dry1 cover it with two or three coatings of the ,balsam of ,peru4 ,this is the genuine court plaster4 ,it is pliable and never breaks1 which is far from being the case with spurious articles sold under the same name4 ,a ,,certain ,,cure ,,for ,,drunkenness4--,sulphate of ,iron five grains1 ,magnesia ten grains1 ,peppermint water eleven drachms1 ,spirits of ,nutmeg1 one drachm1 twice a day4 ,this preparation acts as a tonic and stimulant1 and so partially supplies the place of the accustomed liquor1 and prevents that absolute physical and mental prostration that follows a sudden breaking off from the use of stimulating drinks4 ,,french ,,lustral4--,take ,castor ,oil three ozs41 ,alcohol one and one-half ozs41 ,ammonia one-sixteenth of an oz41 well shaken and mixed together2 perfume to suit--,bergamont or any other perfume4 ,splendid hair dressing4 ,three ounce bottles1 twenty-five cents4 ,,lung ,,medicine4--,take ,black ,cohosh one-half oz41 ,lobelia one-fourth oz41 ,canker root three-fourths oz41 ,blackberry ,root three-fourths of an oz41 ,sarsaparilla one oz41 ,pleurisy ,root one-half oz41 steeped in three pints of water4 ,dose1 one tablespoonful three times a day1 before eating4 ,sure cure for spitting blood4 ,,toothache ,,drops4--,four ounces pulverized ,alum1 fourteen ozs4 ,sweet ,spirits of ,nitre4 ,put up in one oz4 bottles4 ,retails readily at #be cents per bottle4 ,this is the most effective remedy for toothache that was ever discovered1 and is a fortune to any one who will push its sale4 ,it sells at every house4 ,,magnetic ,,toothache ,,drops4--,take equal parts of ,camphor1 ,sulphuric ,ether1 ,ammonia1 ,laudanum1 ,tincture of ,cayenne1 and one-eighth part of ,oil of ,cloves4 ,mix well together4 ,saturate with the liquid a small piece of cotton1 and apply to the cavity of the diseased tooth1 and the pain will cease immediately4 ,put up in long drachm bottles4 ,retail at #be cents4 ,this is a very salable preparation1 and affords a large profit to the manufacturer4 ,,green ,,mountain ,,salve4--,take one pound ,beeswax1 one pound of soft ,butter1 and one and one-half pounds soft ,turpentine1 twelve ounces ,balsam ,fir4 ,melt and strain4 ,use to heal fresh wounds1 burns1 scalds and all bad sores4 ,,warts ,,and ,,corns--,,to ,,cure ,,in ,,ten ,,minutes4--,take a small piece of ,potash and let it stand in the open air until it slacks1 then thicken it to a paste with pulverized ,gum ,arabic1 which prevents it from spreading where it is not wanted4 ,,liniment--,,good ,,samaritan4--,take #ih per cent ,alcohol two quarts1 and add to it the following articles3 ,oils of ,sassafras1 ,hemlock1 ,spirits of ,turpentine1 ,tincture ,cayenne1 ,catechu1 ,guaic 7guac71 and ,laudanum1 of each one ounce1 ,tincture of ,myrrh four ounces1 ,oil of ,organum two ounces1 ,oil of ,wintergreen one-half ounce4 ,gum ,camphor two ounces1 and ,chloroform one and one-half ounce4 ,this is one of the best applications for internal pains known4 ,it is superior to any other enumerated in this work4 ,,plain ,,court ,,plaster1 that will not stick and remains flexible3 ,soak ,isinglass in a little warm water for twenty-four hours1 then evaporate nearly all the water by gentle heat4 ,dissolve the residue with a little ,proof ,spirits of ,wine1 and strain the whole through a piece of open linen4 ,the strained mass should be a stiff jelly when cool4 ,stitch a piece of silk or sarcenet on a wooden frame with tacks or thread4 ,melt the jelly and apply it to the silk thinly and evenly with a badger hair brush4 ,a second coating must be applied after the first has dried4 ,when the both are dry apply over the whole surface two or three coatings of ,balsam of ,peru4 ,this plaster remains quite pliable1 and never breaks4 ,a ,,cure ,,for ,,cancer 7,,as ,,used ,,by ,a ,,new ,,york ,,physician ,,with ,,great ,,success74--,take ,red ,oak ,bark1 and boil it to the thickness of molasses1 then mix with sheep's tallow of equal proportion4 ,spread it on leaves of ,linnwood green1 and keep the plaster over the ulcer4 ,change once in eight hours4 ,,davis' ,,pain ,,killer--,one quart proof ,alcohol1 one drm41 ,chloroform1 one oz4 ,oil ,sassafras1 one oz4 ,gum ,camphor1 one drm4 ,spirits of ,ammonia1 two drms4 ,oil of ,cayenne4 ,mix well and let stand #bd hours before using4 ,,august ,,flower4--,powdered ,rhubarb one oz41 ,golden ,seal one-fourth oz41 ,aloes one drachm1 ,peppermint ,leaves two drms41 ,carbonate of ,potash two drms41 ,capsicum five grs41 ,sugar five ozs41 ,alcohol three ozs41 ,water ten ozs41 ,essence of ,peppermint twenty drops4 ,powder the drugs and let stand covered with ,alcohol and water1 equal parts for seven days4 ,filter and add through the filter enough diluted ,alcohol to make one pint4 ,,blood ,,purifier--,b4,b4,b4--,fluid ,extract ,burdock one oz41 ,fluid ,extract ,sarsaparilla one oz41 ,fluid ,extract ,yellow ,dock one oz41 ,fluid ,extract ,senna one oz41 ,syrup eight ozs41 ,alcohol two ozs4 ,mix4 ,,boschee',s ,,german ,,syrup4--,wine of ,tar two ozs41 ,fluid ,extract ,squills one oz41 ,tinct4 ,opium two drms41 ,fluid ,extract ,sanguinarie two drms41 ,syrup of ,sugar eight ozs4 ,mix4 ,,centaur ,,liniment4--,oil ,speke one oz41 ,oil ,wormwood one oz41 ,oil ,sassafras one oz41 ,oil ,organum one oz41 ,oil ,cinnamon one oz41 ,oil ,cloves one drm41 ,oil ,cedar one drm41 ,sulphur4 ,ether one oz41 ,aqua ,ammonia one oz41 ,tinc4 ,opium one oz41 ,alcohol one gal4 ,mix4 ,this is an excellent liniment and good whenever a liniment is needed4 ,,castoria4--,pumpkin ,seed one oz41 ,cenria ,leaves one oz41 ,rochelle ,salts one oz41 ,anise ,seed one-half oz41 ,bi4 ,carb4 ,soda one oz41 ,worm ,seed one-half oz4 ,mix and thoroughly rub together in an earthen vessel1 then put into a bottle and pour over it four ozs4 water and one oz4 ,alcohol1 and let stand four days1 then strain off and add ,syrup made of ,white ,sugar1 quantity to make one pint1 then add one-half oz4 ,alcohol drops and five drops ,wintergreen4 ,mix thoroughly and add to the contents of the bottle and take as directed4 ,,harter',s ,,iron ,,tonic4--,calisaya ,bark two ozs41 ,citrate of ,iron two ozs41 ,gentian two ozs41 ,cardamon ,seed two ozs41 ,syrup two ozs41 ,alcohol two ozs41 ,water eight ozs4 ,mix4 ,,hall',s ,,balsam ,,for ,,the ,,lungs4--,fluid ,extract ,ipecac one-half oz41 ,fluid ,extract ,squills one oz41 ,chloroform one-fourth oz41 ,wine of ,tar one oz41 ,tinct4 ,opium1 one-fifth oz41 ,fluid ,extract of ,mullen one oz41 ,syrup enough to make one pint4 ,,godfrey',s ,,cordial4--,tinct4 ,opium six ozs41 ,molasses four pints1 ,alcohol eight ozs41 ,water six pints1 ,carbonate ,potash four drms41 ,oil ,sassafras cut with ,alcohol one drm4 ,dissolve the ,potash in water1 add the ,molasses2 heat over a gentle fire till it simmers1 remove the scum1 add the other ingredients1 the oil dissolved in the ,alcohol4 ,,hall',s ,,honey ,,of ,,hoarhound ,,and ,,tar4--,wine of ,tar one oz41 ,fluid ,extract of ,hoarhound one oz41 ,tinct4 ,opium one drm41 ,syrup ,orange ,peel one-half oz41 ,honey three ozs41 ,syrup enough to make one pint4 ,,hood',s ,,sarsaparilla4--,fluid ,extract ,sarsaparilla one oz41 ,fluid ,extract ,yellow ,dock one oz41 ,fluid ,extract ,poke ,root1 one-half oz41 ,iodide of ,potash one-half oz41 ,syrup ,orange ,peel one oz41 ,alcohol four ozs41 ,syrup enough to make one pint4 ,,hamlin',s ,,wizard ,,oil4--,oil ,sassafras two ozs41 ,oil ,cedar one oz41 ,gum ,camphor one oz41 ,sulph4 ,ether two ozs41 ,chloroform two ozs41 ,tinct4 ,capsicum one oz41 ,aqua ,ammonia two ozs41 ,oil ,turpentine one oz41 ,tinct4 ,quassia three ozs41 ,alcohol half a gallon4 ,mix and you have a fine liniment4 ,,hop ,,bitters4--,hops four ozs41 ,orange ,peel two ozs41 ,cardamon two drms41 ,cinnamon one drm41 ,cloves one-half drm41 ,alcohol eight ozs41 ,sherry ,wine two pints1 ,simple ,syrup one pint4 ,water sufficient4 ,grind the drugs1 macerate in the ,alcohol and ,wine for one week1 percolate and add enough syrup and water to make one gallon4 ,,hostetter',s ,,bitters4--,gentian ,root 7ground7 one-half oz41 ,cinnamon ,bark one-half oz41 ,cinchona ,bark 7ground7 one-half oz41 ,anise ,seed one-half oz41 ,coriander ,seed 7ground7 one-half oz41 ,cardamon ,seed one-eighth oz41 ,gum ,kino one-fourth oz41 ,alcohol one pint4 ,water four quarts1 ,sugar one lb4 ,mix and let stand for one week1 pour off the fluid1 boil the drug for a few minutes in one quart of water1 strain off and add the first fluid1 and then the sugar and water4 ,,injection ,,brou4--,water four ozs41 ,nitrate ,silver twenty grs41 ,tinct4 ,opium one-half oz41 ,sulph4 ,bismuth and ,hydratis two oz4 ,mix4 ,,jayne',s ,,expectorant4--,syrup ,squills two ozs41 ,tinct4 ,tolu one oz41 ,spirits ,camphor one drm41 ,tinct4 ,digitalis one drm41 ,tinct4 ,lobelia one drm41 ,wine of ,ipecac two drms41 ,tinc4 ,opium two drms41 ,antimonia two grains4 ,mix4 ,,jayne',s ,,tonic ,,vermifuge4--,l4 santonnie twenty grs41 ,fluid ,extract ,pink ,root three drms41 ,fluid ,extract ,senna two drms41 ,simple ,elixir two ozs41 ,syrup two ozs4 ,mix4 ,take tablespoonful night and morning4 ,,mustang ,,liniment4--,linseed ,oil fourteen ozs41 ,aqua ,ammonia two ozs41 ,tinct4 ,capsicum one-fourth oz41 ,oil ,organum one-fourth oz41 ,turpentine one oz41 ,oil ,mustard1 one-fourth oz4 ,mix4 ,s4,s4,s4 ,,fluid4--,extract ,phytolacca one oz41 ,fluid ,extract ,sarsaparilla one oz41 ,iodide ,potash one oz41 ,extract ,fluid ,xanthoxylon one-half oz41 ,culiver's ,root ,fluid ,extract one oz41 ,acetate ,potash one oz41 ,cinnamon ,tinct4 one-fourth oz41 ,tinct4 ,cardamon ,seed one oz41 ,alcohol four ozs41 ,sugar one-half pound1 ,water thirty-six ozs4 ,mix4 ,,smith',s ,,tonic4--,fowler's ,solution of ,arsenic two drms41 ,culiver's ,root one oz41 ,syrup ,orange ,peel four ozs41 ,simple ,syrup twelve ozs4 ,mix4 ,then add ,chinchonia forty grains dissolved in ,aromatic ,sulph4 ,acid4 ,shake to mix well4 ,,sozodont ,,fragrant4--,tinct4 ,soap ,bark two ozs41 ,tinct4 ,myrrh one drm41 ,glycerine one-half oz41 ,water one and one-half ozs41 ,essence ,cloves ten drops1 ,essence ,wintergreen ten drops1 ,tinct4 ,cochineal enough to color4 ,mix4 ,accompanying the above is a powder composed of prepared ,chalk1 ,orris ,root1 ,carbonate ,magnesia1 of each equal parts4 ,mix4 ,,shaker',s ,,cutive ,,syrup4--,fluid ,extract ,blue ,flag twenty drops1 ,fluid ,extract ,culiver's ,root twenty drops1 ,fluid ,extract ,poke ,root twenty drops1 ,fluid ,extract ,butternut twenty drops1 ,fluid ,extract ,dandelion twenty drops1 ,fluid ,extract ,prince ,pine ten drops1 ,fluid ,extract ,mandrake five drops1 ,fluid ,extract ,gentian five drops1 ,fluid ,extract ,calcium five drops1 ,fluid ,extract ,black ,cohoes thirty drops1 ,tinct4 ,aloe thirty drops1 ,tinct4 ,capsicum ten drops1 ,tinct4 ,sassafras thirty drops1 ,borax one drm41 ,salt three-fourths drm41 ,syrup three ozs41 ,water eight ozs4 ,,ayer',s ,,cherry ,,pectoral4--,take four grains of ,acetate of ,morphia1 two fluid drachms of ,tincture of ,bloodroot1 three fluid drachms each of ,antimonial ,wine and ,wine of ,ipecacuanha1 and three fluid ounces ,syrup of ,wild ,cherry4 ,mix4 ,,brown',s ,,bronchial ,,troches4--,take one pound pulverized ,extract of ,licorice1 one and one-half pounds ,pulverized ,sugar1 four ounces pulverized ,cubebs1 four ounces pulverized ,gum ,arabic1 and one ounce of pulverized ,extract of ,conium4 ,mix4 ,,succus ,,alterns 7,mc,d,a,d,e',s74--,fluid ,extract ,starlinga one oz41 ,fluid ,extract ,sarsaparilla one oz41 ,fluid ,extract ,phytolacca ,decandra one-half oz41 ,fluid ,extract ,lappa ,minor one oz41 ,fluid ,extract ,xanthoxylon one-half oz41 ,syrup fourteen ozs41 ,mix4 ,teaspoonful three times a day4 ,,seven ,,seals ,,of ,,golden ,,wonder4--,oil ,cajeput two drms41 ,sassafras one-half oz41 ,oil ,organum one drm41 ,oil ,hemlock one drm41 ,oil ,cedar one drm41 ,tincture ,capsicum one-fourth oz41 ,alcohol enough to make one pint4 ,,wakefield',s ,,wine ,,bitters4--,cinchona ,bark four ozs41 ,gentian ,bark two ozs41 ,juniper ,berries one oz41 ,orange ,peel one oz41 ,lemon ,peel fresh sliced one-fourth oz41 ,california ,port ,wine four pints1 ,alcohol one pint1 ,water three pints4 ,digest or let stand ten days1 then filter and add wine enough to preserve measure4 ,,st4 ,,jacob',s ,,oil4--,camphor ,gum one oz41 ,chloral ,hydrate one oz41 ,chloroform one oz41 ,sulphate ,ether one oz41 ,tinct4 ,opium 7non-aqueous7 one-half oz41 ,oil ,organum one-half oz41 ,oil ,sassafras one-half oz41 ,alcohol one-half gallon4 ,dissolve ,gum ,camphor with ,alcohol and then add the oil1 then the other ingredients4 ,r4,r4,r4--,alcohol two pints1 ,oil ,sassafras two ozs41 ,oil ,organum twi ozs41 ,camphor ,spirits one-half oz41 ,tinct4 ,opium one oz41 ,chloroform one oz4 ,mix4 ,,piso',s ,,consumption ,,cure4--,tartar ,emetic four grains1 ,tinc4 ,tolu one-half oz41 ,sulphate ,morphia four grains1 ,fluid ,extract ,lobelia two drms41 ,chloroform one drm41 ,fluid ,extract ,cannabis ,indica two drms41 ,essence ,spearmint ten drops1 ,hot ,water eight ozs41 ,sugar four ozs41 ,dissolve the ,morphia and ,tartar ,emetic in hot water and add the rest4 ,,warner',s ,,tippecanoe ,,bitters4--,cardamon ,seed two ozs41 ,nutmeg one drm41 ,grains of ,paradise one drm41 ,cloves one oz41 ,cinnamon two ozs41 ,ginger one oz41 ,orange ,peel one oz41 ,lemon ,peel one oz41 ,alcohol one gallon1 ,water one gallon1 ,sugar three pounds4 ,mix and let stand for six or seven days and filter4 ,then add enough water to make four gallons4 ,,warner',s ,,safe ,,cure4--,take of ,smart ,weed four pounds1 boil for one hour with one gallon soft water1 adding warm water to supply waste by evaporation2 then strain off and add ,acetate ,potash four ozs41 ,sugar four pounds4 ,boil again till sugar is dissolved1 then add ,alcohol eight ozs41 and flavor with ,oil of ,wintergreen cut with ,alcohol4 ,,wakefield',s ,,blackberry ,,balsam4--,blackberries crushed two pounds1 ,boiling ,water four ozs41 ,sugar four ozs41 ,jamaica ,ginger four grs41 ,alcohol two ozs4 ,mix and add ,syrup enough to make sixteen ozs4 ,,accidents ,,and ,,emergencies4 ,,what ,,to ,,do4 ,if an artery is cut1 red blood spurts4 ,compress it above the wound4 ,if a vein is cut1 dark blood flows4 ,compress it below and above4 ,if choked1 go upon all fours and cough4 ,for slight burns1 dip the part in cold water2 if the skin is destroyed1 cover with varnish or linseed oil4 ,for apoplexy1 raise the head and body2 for fainting1 lay the person flat4 ,send for a physician when a serious accident of any kind occurs1 but treat as directed until he arrives4 ,,scalds ,,and ,,burns4--,the following facts cannot be too firmly impressed on the mind of the reader1 that in either of these accidents the first1 best and often the only remedies required1 are sheets of wadding1 fine wool1 or carded cotton1 and in the default of these1 violet powder1 flour1 magnesia or chalk4 ,the object for which these several articles are employed is the same in each instance2 namely1 to exclude the air from injured part2 for if the air can be effectually shut out from the raw surface1 and care is taken not to expose the tender part till the new cuticle is formed1 the cure may be safely left to nature4 ,the moment a person is called to a case of scald or burn1 he should cover the part with a sheet1 or a portion of a sheet1 of wadding1 taking care not to break any blister that may have formed1 or stay to remove any burnt clothes that may adhere to the surface1 but as quickly as possible envelope every part of the injury from all access of the air1 laying one or two more pieces of wadding on the first1 so as to effectually guard the burn or scald from the irritation of the atmosphere2 and if the article used is wool or cotton1 the same precaution1 of adding more material where the surface is thinly covered1 must be adopted2 a light bandage finally securing all in their places4 ,any of the popular remedies recommended below may be employed when neither wool1 cotton nor wadding are to be procured1 it being always remembered that that article which will best exclude the air from a burn or scald is the best1 quickest1 and least painful mode of treatment4 ,and in this respect nothing has surpassed cotton loose or attached to paper as in wadding4 ,if the ,skin is ,much ,injured in burns1 spread some linen pretty thickly with chalk ointment1 and lay over the part1 and give the patient some brandy and water if much exhausted2 then send for a medical man4 ,if not much injured1 and very painful1 use the same ointment1 or apply carded cotton dipped in lime water and linseed oil4 ,if you please1 you may lay cloths dipped in ether over the parts1 or cold lotions4 ,treat scalds in same manner1 or cover with scraped raw potato2 but the chalk ointment is the best4 ,in the absence of all these1 cover the injured part with treacle1 and dust over it plenty of flour4 ,,body ,,in ,,flames4--,lay the person down on the floor of the room1 and throw the table cloth1 rug or other large cover over him1 and roll him on the floor4 ,,dirt ,,in ,,the ,,eye4--,place your forefinger upon the cheek-bone1 having the patient before you2 then slightly bend the finger1 this will draw down the lower lid of the eye1 and you will probably be able to remove the dirt2 but if this will not enable you to get at it1 repeat this operation while you have a netting needle or bodkin placed over the eyelid2 this will turn it inside out1 and enable you to remove the sand or eyelash1 etc41 with the corner of a fine silk handkerchief4 ,as soon as the substance is removed1 bathe the eye with cold water1 and exclude the light for a day4 ,if the inflammation is severe1 let the patient use a refrigerant lotion4 ,,lime ,,in ,,the ,,eye4--,syringe it well with warm vinegar and water in the proportion of one ounce of vinegar to eight ounces of water2 exclude light4 ,,iron ,,or ,,steel ,,spiculae ,,in ,,the ,,eye4--,these occur while turning iron or steel in a lathe1 and are best remedied by doubling back the upper or lower eyelid1 according to the situation of the substance1 and with the flat edge of a silver probe1 taking up the metallic particle1 using a lotion made by dissolving six grains of sugar of lead and the same of white vitriol1 in six ounces of water1 and bathing the eye three times a day till the inflammation subsides4 ,another plan is--,drop a solution of sulphate of copper 7from one to three grains of the salt to one ounce of water7 into the eye1 or keep the eye open in a wineglassful of the solution4 ,bathe with cold lotion1 and exclude light to keep down inflammation4 ,,dislocated ,,thumb4--,this is frequently produced by a fall4 ,make a clove hitch1 by passing two loops of cord over the thumb1 placing a piece or rag under the cord to prevent it cutting the thumb2 then pull in the same line as the thumb4 ,afterwards apply a cold lotion4 ,,cuts ,,and ,,wounds4--,clean cut wounds1 whether deep or superficial1 and likely to heal by the first intention1 should always be washed or cleaned1 and at once evenly and smoothly closed by bringing both edges close together1 and securing them in that position by adhesive plaster4 ,cut thin strips of sticking plaster1 and bring the parts together2 or if large and deep1 cut two broad pieces1 so as to look like the teeth of a comb1 and place one on each side of the wound1 which must be cleaned previously4 ,these pieces must be arranged so that they will interlace one another2 then1 by laying hold of the pieces on the right side with one hand1 and those on the other side with the other hand1 and pulling them from one another1 the edges of the wound are brought together without any difficulty4 ,ordinary ,cuts are dressed by thin strips1 applied by pressing down the plaster on one side of the wound1 and keeping it there and pulling in the opposite direction2 then suddenly depressing the hand when the edges of the wound are brought together4 ,,contusions are best healed by laying a piece of folded lint1 well wetted with extract of lead1 or boracic acid1 on the part1 and1 if there is much pain1 placing a hot bran poultice over the dressing1 repeating both1 if necessary1 every two hours4 ,when the injuries are very severe1 lay a cloth over the part1 and suspend a basin over it filled with cold lotion4 ,put a piece of cotton into the basin1 so that it shall allow the lotion to drop on the cloth1 and thus keep it always wet4 ,,hemorrhage1 when caused by an artery being divided or torn1 may be known by the blood issuing out of the wound in leaps or jerks1 and being of a bright scarlet color4 ,if a vein is injured1 the blood is darker and flows continuously4 ,to arrest the latter1 apply pressure by means of a compress and bandage4 ,to arrest arterial bleeding1 get a piece of wood 7part of a broom handle will do71 and tie a piece of tape to one end of it2 then tie a piece of tape loosely over the arm1 and pass the other end of the wood under it2 twist the stick round and round until the tape compresses the arm sufficiently to arrest the bleeding1 and then confine the other end by tying the string around the arm4 ,a compress made by enfolding a penny piece in several folds of lint or linen should1 however1 be first placed under the tape and over the artery4 ,if the bleeding is very obstinate1 and it occurs in the arm1 place a cork underneath the string1 on the inside of the fleshy part1 where the artery may be felt beating by anyone1 if in the leg1 place a cork in the direction of a line drawn from the inner part of the knee towards the outer part of the groin4 ,it is an excellent thing to accustom yourself to find out the position of these arteries1 or1 indeed1 any that are superficial1 and to explain to every person in your house where they are1 and how to stop bleeding4 ,if a stick cannot be got1 take a handkerchief1 make a cord bandage of it1 and tie a knot in the middle2 the knot acts as a compress1 and should be placed over the artery1 while the two ends are to be tied around the thumb4 ,observe always to place the ligature between the wound and the heart4 ,putting your finger into a bleeding wound1 and making pressure until a surgeon arrives1 will generally stop violent bleeding4 ,,bleeding ,,from ,,the ,,nose1 from whatever cause1 may generally be stopped by putting a plug of lint into the nostrils2 if this does not do1 apply a cold lotion to the forehead2 raise the head1 and place over it both arms1 so that it will rest on the hands2 dip the lint plug1 slightly moistened1 into some powdered ,gum ,arabic1 and plug the nostrils again2 or dip the plug into equal parts of powdered ,gum ,arabic and alum1 and plug the nose4 ,or the plug may be dipped in ,friar's balsam1 or tincture of ,kino4 ,heat should be applied to the feet2 and1 in obstinate cases1 the sudden shock of a cold key1 or cold water poured down the spine1 will instantly stop the bleeding4 ,if the bowels are confined take a purgative4 ,injections of alum solution from a small syringe into the nose will often stop hemorrhage4 ,,violent ,,shocks will sometimes stun a person1 and he will remain unconscious4 ,untie strings1 collars1 etc42 loosen anything that is tight1 and interferes with the breathing2 raise the head2 see if there is bleeding from any part2 apply smelling salts to the nose1 and hot bottles to the feet4 ,,in ,,concussion1 the surface of the body is cold and pale1 and the pulse weak and small1 the breathing slow and gentle1 and the pupil of the eye generally contracted or small4 ,you can get an answer by speaking loud1 so as to rouse the patient4 ,give a little brandy and water1 keep the place quiet1 apply warmth1 and do not raise the head too high4 ,if you tickle the feet1 the patient feels it4 ,,in ,,compression ,,of ,,the ,,brain from any cause1 such as apoplexy1 or a piece of fractured bone pressing on it1 there is loss of sensation4 ,if you tickle the feet of the injured person he does not feel it4 ,you cannot arouse him so as to get an answer4 ,the pulse is slow and labored2 the breathing deep1 labored1 and snorting2 the pupil enlarged4 ,raise the head1 loosen strings or tight things1 and send for a surgeon4 ,if one cannot be got at once1 apply mustard poultices to the feet and thighs1 leeches to the temples1 and hot water to the feet4 ,,choking4--,when a person has a fish bone in the throat1 insert the forefinger1 press upon the root of the tongue1 so as to induce vomiting2 if this does not do1 let him swallow a large piece of potato or soft bread2 and if these fail1 give a mustard emetic4 ,,fainting1 ,,hysterics1 ,,etc4--,loosen the garments1 bathe the temples with water or eau-de-,cologne2 open the window1 admit plenty of fresh air1 dash cold water on the face1 apply hot bricks to the feet1 and avoid bustle and excessive sympathy4 ,,drowning4--,attend to the following essential rules3 #a4 ,lose no time4 #b4 ,handle the body gently4 #c4 ,carry the body face downwards1 with the head gently raised1 and never hold it up by the feet4 #d4 ,send for medical assistance immediately1 and in the meantime act as follows3 #e4 ,strip the body2 rub it dry1 then wrap it in hot blankets1 and place it in a warm bed in a warm room4 #f4 ,cleanse away the froth and mucous from the nose and mouth4 #g4 ,apply warm bricks1 bottles1 bags of sand1 etc41 to the arm pits1 between the thighs1 and to the soles of the feet4 #h4 ,rub the surface of the body with the hands inclosed in warm1 dry worsted socks4 #i4 ,if possible1 put the body into a warm bath4 #aj4 ,to restore breathing1 put the pipe of a common bellows into one nostril1 carefully closing the other1 and the mouth2 at the same time drawing downwards1 and pushing gently backwards1 the upper part of the windpipe1 to allow a more free admission of air2 blow the bellows gently1 in order to inflate the lungs1 till the breast is raised a little2 then set the mouth and nostrils free1 and press gently on the chest2 repeat this until signs of life appear4 ,the body should be covered from the moment it is placed on the table1 except the face1 and all the rubbing carried on under the sheet or blanket4 ,when they can be obtained1 a number of tiles or bricks should be made tolerably hot in the fire1 laid in a row on the table1 covered with a blanket1 and the body placed in such a manner on them that their heat may enter the spine4 ,when the patient revives1 apply smelling-salts to the nose1 give warm wine or brandy and water4 ,cautions4--#a4 ,never rub the body with salt or spirits4 #b4 ,never roll the body on casks4 #c4 ,continue the remedies for twelve hours without ceasing4 ,,hanging4--,loosen the cord1 or whatever it may be by which the person has been suspended4 ,open the temporal artery or jugular vein1 or bleed from the arm2 employ electricity1 if at hand1 and proceed as for drowning1 taking the additional precaution to apply eight or ten leeches to the temples4 ,,apparent ,,death ,,from ,,drunkenness--,raise the head1 loosen the clothes1 maintain warmth of surface1 and give a mustard emetic as soon as the person can swallow4 ,,apoplexy ,,and ,,fits ,,generally4--,raise the head2 loosen all tight clothes1 strings1 etc42 apply cold lotions to the head1 which should be shaved2 apply leeches to the temples1 bleed1 and send for a surgeon4 ,,suffocation ,,from ,,noxious ,,gases1 ,,etc4--,remove to the fresh air2 dash cold vinegar and water in the face1 neck1 and breast2 keep up the warmth of the body2 if necessary1 apply mustard poultices to the soles of the feet and to the spine1 and try artificial respirations as in drowning1 with electricity4 ,,lightning ,,and ,,sunstroke4--,treat the same as apoplexy4 ,,mind ,,cure4 ,,the ,,mind ,,cure1 otherwise known in its various subdivisions as metaphysics1 ,christian science1 mental science1 etc41 is a species of delusion quite popular at the present time4 ,every era of the world has cherished similar delusions1 for the mass of the human race1 even in what are considered the educated classes1 are so unfamiliar with the processes of exact reasoning that they fall a ready prey to quacks of all kinds4 ,the fundamental idea of the mind cure system is that there is no such thing as sickness4 ,disease1 says one of their apostles1 is an error of the mind1 the result of fear4 ,fear is only faith inverted and perverted4 ,god1 who is all good ,himself1 and who made everything good1 cannot have been the author of any disease4 ,as disease1 therefore1 is not a creation1 it has no existence1 and when the healer has succeeded in impressing this fact upon the mind of the patient1 the cure is effected4 ,it is curious to note into what utter absurdities the need for consistency carries these apostles4 ,poisons1 they say1 would be quite harmless if the fear of them was removed1 but we have yet to find the mental science teacher who will undertake to prove this by herself taking liberal doses of aconite and strychnine4 ,the illnesses of children are explained by the hypothesis of hereditary fear4 ,the majority of the teachers of this new faith are women1 many of whom1 no doubt1 are sincere in their belief2 but it may be safely stated that the men engaged as the so-called physicians of the new practice are1 with few exceptions1 unprincipled quacks1 who have gone into the business for the money they can make by duping the ignorant4 ,as far as there is any truth underlying the vagaries of mind cures1 and their boasts of remarkable cases of healing1 it may be admitted that the mind has much influence over the body4 ,this fact has been recognized by intelligent physicians for centuries4 ,and that the peculiar modern type of nervous diseases1 which are so largely caused by excessive stimulus of the nerves and the imagination1 should be amendable to cure through the imagination1 is not strange4 ,it will be noted that this mental cure has effected its miracles mainly among women1 where it has the emotional temperament to work on1 and almost wholly in the ranks of the wealthy and well-to-do1 where there is little or no impoverishment of the system by insufficient food and excessive toil to hinder its effects4 ,we have not heard1 nor are we likely to hear1 of an epidemic disease checked by the mind cure1 or of the healing of acute affections or organic troubles through its agency4 ,nor do we hear of its seeking to carry its message of healing into the houses of the suffering poor in large cities1 where hunger1 exposure and foul airs open wide the door to fevers and all deadly diseases1 nor yet into the hospitals for contagious or incurable affections4 ,in the presence of such realities it would prove1 as its votaries probably understand1 a too-painful mockery4 ,intelligently analyzed1 therefore1 this new revelation amounts to nothing more than a quite striking proof of the remarkable influence of the mind over the nervous system4 ,beyond this1 the craze1 in attempting to disprove the existence of disease1 and to show that poisons do not kill1 is simply running against the plain and inevitable facts of life1 and can safely be left to perish through its own rashness4 ,while it must be admitted that many upright and worthy people are followers of this faith1 it can be asserted that to say disease is only a mental derangement is carrying the idea of the power of mind over matter entirely too far4 ,,poisons ,,and ,,their ,,antidotes4 ,always send immediately for a medical man4 ,save all fluids vomited1 and articles of food1 cups1 glasses1 etc41 used by the patient before taken ill1 and lock them up4 ,as a rule give emetics after poisons that cause sleepiness and raving2 chalk1 milk1 eggs1 butter and warm water1 or oil1 after poisons that cause vomiting and pain in the stomach and bowels1 with purging2 and when there is no inflammation about the throat1 tickle it with a feather to excite vomiting4 ,vomiting may be caused by giving warm water1 with a teaspoonful of mustard to the tumblerful1 well stirred up4 ,sulphate of zinc 7white vitriol7 may be used in place of the mustard1 or powdered alum4 ,powder of ipecacuanha1 a teaspoonful rubbed up with molasses1 may be employed for children4 ,tartar emetic should never be given1 as it is excessively depressing1 and uncontrolable in its effects4 ,the stomach pump can only be used by skillful hands1 and even then with caution4 ,opium and ,other ,narcotics4--,after vomiting has occurred1 cold water should be dashed over the face and head4 ,the patient must be kept awake1 walked about between two strong persons1 made to grasp the handles of a galvanic battery1 dosed with strong coffee1 and vigorously slapped4 ,belladonna is an antidote for opium and for morphia1 etc41 its active principles2 and1 on the other hand1 the latter counteract the effects of belladonna4 ,but a knowledge of medicine is necessary for dealing with these articles4 ,strychnia4--,after emetics have been freely and successfully given1 the patient should be allowed to breathe the vapor of sulphuric ether1 poured on a handkerchief and held to the face1 in such quantities as to keep down the tendency to convulsions4 ,bromide of potassium1 twenty grains at a dose1 dissolved in syrup1 may be given every hour4 ,alcoholic ,poisoning should be combated by emetics1 of which the sulphate of zinc given as above directed1 is the best4 ,after that1 strong coffee internally1 and stimulation by heat externally1 should be used4 ,acids are sometimes swallowed by mistake4 ,alkalies1 lime water1 magnesia1 or common chalk mixed with water1 may be freely given1 and afterward mucilaginous drinks1 such as thick gum water or flaxseed tea4 ,alkalies are less frequently taken in injurious strength or quantity1 but sometimes children swallow lye by mistake4 ,common vinegar may be given freely1 and then castor or sweet oil in full doses--a tablespoonful at a time1 repeated every half hour or two4 ,nitrate of ,silver when swallowed is neutralized by common table salt freely given in solution in water4 ,the salts of mercury or arsenic 7often kept as bedbug poison71 which are powerful irritants1 are apt to be very quickly fatal4 ,milk or the whites of eggs may be freely given1 and afterward a very thin paste of flour is neutralized4 ,phosphorus paste1 kept for roach poison or in parlor matches1 is sometimes eaten by children1 and has been wilfully taken for the purpose of suicide4 ,it is a powerful irritant4 ,the first thing to be done is to give freely of magnesia and water2 then to give mucilaginous drinks1 as flaxseed tea1 gum water or sassafras pith and water2 and lastly to administer finely-powdered bone-charcoal1 either in pill or in mixture with water4 ,in no case of poisoning should there be any avoidable delay in obtaining the advice of a physician1 and1 meanwhile1 the friends or by-standers should endeavor to find out exactly what has been taken1 so that the treatment adopted may be as prompt and effective as possible4 ,,chapter ,,iii4 ,,ink ,,department4 ,,red ,,ink4--,two ounces ,cochineal1 bruised2 pour over it one quart ,boiling ,water1 let it stand eight hours4 ,boil two ounces ,brazil ,wood in one pint of ,water1 let it stand eight hours and then add the two together4 ,dissolve one-half ounce ,gum ,arabic in one-half pint ,hot ,water2 add all together and let stand four days4 ,strain and bottle for use4 ,,blue ,,ink4--,six parts ,persian ,blue1 one quart ,oxalic ,acid2 triturate with little ,water to smoothe paste1 add ,gum ,arabic and the necessary quantity of ,water4 ,,indelible ,,ink ,,to ,,mark ,,linen4--,one and a half ounces ,nitrate of ,silver dissolved in six ounces ,liquor ,ammonia ,fortis1 one ounce ,archill1 for coloring2 one-half ounce ,gum ,arabic4 ,mix4 ,,for ,,yellow4--,write with ,muriate of ,antimony2 when dry wash with ,tincture of ,galls4 ,,black4--,write with a ,solution of ,green ,vitriol and wash with ,tincture of ,galls4 ,,blue4--,nitrate of ,cobate1 wash with ,oxalic ,acid4 ,,yellow4--,subacetate of ,lead1 wash with ,hydrochloric ,acid4 ,,green4--,arsenate of ,potash1 wash with ,nitrate of ,copper4 ,,purple4--,solution of ,gold and ,muriate of ,tin4 ,,black4--,perchloride of ,mercury1 the wash is ,hydrochloric of ,tin4 ,,black ,,ink4--,extract of ,logwood one ounce1 ,bicromate of ,potash one-quarter ounce4 ,pulverize and mix in a quart of soft hot water4 ,this makes a beautiful jet black ink1 which will not spoil by freezing4 ,,copying ,,ink4--,one-half gallon of soft water1 one ounce ,gum ,arabic1 one ounce ,brown ,sugar1 one ounce clean ,copperas1 three ounces powdered ,nut ,gall4 ,mix and shake occasionally from #g to #aj days and strain4 ,the best copying ink made4 ,,black ,,ink4--,shellac four ounces1 ,borax two ounces1 ,water one quart2 boil till dissolved and add two ounces ,gum ,arabic1 dissolved in a little hot water2 boil and add enough of a well triturated mixture of equal parts of ,indigo and ,lampblack to produce a copper color4 ,after standing several hours draw off and bottle4 ,,green ,,ink4--,dissolve #ahj grains ,bichromate of ,potash in one fluid ounce of ,water2 add while warm one-half ounce ,spirits of ,wine1 then decompose the mixture with concentrated sulphuric acid until it assumes a brown color2 evaporate this liquid until its quantity is reduced one-half1 dilute it with two ounces distilled water1 filter it1 add one-half ounce ,alcohol1 followed by a few drops of strong sulphuric acid2 it is now allowed to rest1 and after a time it assumes a beautiful green color4 ,add a small quantity ,gum ,arabic and it is ready for use4 ,,beautiful ,,blue ,,writing ,,fluid4--,dissolve ,basic or ,soluble ,prussian ,blue in pure water4 ,this is the most permanent and beautiful blue ink known4 ,,violet ,,copying ,,ink4--,for blue violet dissolve in #cjj parts of boiling water1 ,methyl ,violet1 #e ,b1 ,hofman's ,violet1 #c ,b1 or ,gentiana ,violet1 ,b4 ,for reddish violet dissolve in a similar quantity of water ,methyl ,violet ,,br4 ,a small quantity of sugar added to these inks improves their copying qualities4 ,if the writing when dry retains a bronzy appearance1 more water must be added4 ,,new ,,invisible ,,ink4--,c4 ,wideman communicates a new method of making an invisible ink to ,die ,natur4 ,to make the writing or drawing appear which has been made upon paper it is sufficient to dip it in water4 ,on drying the traces disappear again1 and reappear again at each succeeding immersion4 ,the ink is made by intimately mixing ,linseed ,oil one part4 ,water of ,ammonia twenty parts1 ,water #ajj parts4 ,the mixture must be agitated each time before the pen is dipped into it1 as a little of the oil may separate and float on top1 which would1 of course1 leave an oily stain upon the paper4 ,,bucher',s ,,carmine ,,ink4--,pure ,carmine1 twelve grains1 ,water of ,ammonia three ounces1 dissolve1 then add ,powdered ,gum eighteen grains4 ,one-half drachm of ,powdered ,drop ,lake may be substituted for the ,carmine1 where expense is an object4 ,,brilliant ,,red ,,ink4--,brazil ,wood two ounces1 ,muriate of ,tin one-half drachm1 ,gum ,arabic one drachm4 ,boil down in #cb ounces water to one-half1 and strain4 ,,white ,,ink4--,mix pure freshly precipitated ,barium ,sulphate1 or ,flake ,white1 with ,water containing enough ,gum ,arabic to prevent the immediate settling of the substance4 ,starch or ,magnesium ,carbonate may be used in a similar way4 ,they must be reduced to palpable powders4 ,,indelible ,,ink ,,for ,,marking ,,linen4--,add ,caustic ,alkali to a saturated solution of ,corpous ,chloride until no further precipitate forms2 allow the precipitate to settle1 draw off the supernatant liquid with a siphon and dissolve the hydrated copper oxide in the smallest quantity of ,ammonia4 ,it may be mixed with about #f per cent of ,gum ,dextrine for use4 ,,to ,,write ,,secret ,,letters4--,put five cents' worth ,citrate of ,potassa in an ounce vial of clear cold water4 ,this forms an invisible fluid4 ,let it dissolve and you can use on paper of any color4 ,use quill pen in writing4 ,when you wish the writing to become visible hold it to red hot stove4 ,,black ,,copying ,,ink ,,or ,,writing ,,fluid4--,take two gallons of ,rain ,water1 and put into it ,gum ,arabic one-fourth pound1 ,brown ,sugar one pound1 clean ,copperas one-fourth pound1 ,powdered ,nutgall three-fourths pound2 mix1 and shake occasionally for ten days1 and strain2 if needed sooner let it stand in an iron kettle until the strength is obtained4 ,this ink will stand the action of the atmosphere for centuries if required4 ,,to ,,make ,,rubber ,,stamp ,,ink4--,dissolve ,aniline in hot ,glycerine1 and strain while hot or warm4 ,,commercial ,,writing ,,ink4--,galls one ounce1 ,gum one-half ounce1 ,cloves one-half ounce1 ,sulphate of ,iron1 one-half ounce1 ,water eight ounces4 ,digest by frequent shaking till it has sufficient color4 ,this is a good durable ink and will bear diluting4 ,,travelers' ,,ink4--,white ,blotting ,paper is saturated with ,aniline ,black1 and several sheets are pasted together1 so as to form a thick pad4 ,when required for use a small piece is torn off and covered with a little water4 ,the black liquid which dissolves out is a good writing ink4 ,a square inch of paper will produce enough ink to last for a considerable writing1 and a few pads would be all that an exploring party need carry with them4 ,as water is always available the ink is readily made4 ,this is a perfectly original and new recipe4 ,any enterprising man can make a large income out of its manufacture4 ,,indelible ,,marking ,,ink ,,without ,a ,,preparation4--,dissolve separately one ounce of ,nitrate of ,silver and one and one-half ounces of ,sub-,carbonate of ,soda 7best washing soda7 in rain water4 ,mix the solutions and collect and wash the precipitate in a filter2 while still moist rub it up in a marble or hardwood mortar with three drachms of ,tartaric ,acid1 add two ounces of ,rain ,water1 mix six drachms ,white ,sugar and ten drachms powdered ,gum ,arabic1 one-half ounce ,archill and ,water to make up six ounces in measure4 ,it should be put up in short drachm bottles and sold at twenty-five cents4 ,this is the best ink for marking clothes that has ever been discovered4 ,there is a fortune in this recipe1 as a good marking ink is very salable4 ,,invisible ,,ink4--,sulphuric ,acid one quart1 ,water twenty parts2 mix together and write with a quill pen1 which writing can be read only after heating it4 ,,horticultural ,,ink4--,copper one part1 dissolve in ,nitric ,acid ten parts and add ,water ten parts2 used to write on zinc or tin labels4 ,,gold ,,ink4--,honey and ,gold ,leaf equal parts1 ,turpentine until the ,gold is reduced to the finest possible state of division1 agitate with thirty parts ,hot ,water and allow it to settle4 ,decant the ,water and repeat the washing several times2 finally dry the ,gold and mix it with a little ,gum ,water for use4 ,,silver ,,ink4--,for silver ink the process is the same as gold1 substituting ,silver ,leaf for the ,gold leaf4 ,,indelible ,,ink ,,for ,,glass ,,or ,,metal4--,borax one ounce1 ,shellac two ounces1 ,water eighteen fluid ounces2 boil in a covered vessel1 add of thick ,mucilage one ounce2 triturate it with ,levigated ,indigo and ,lamp ,black q4s4 to give it a good color4 ,after two hours' repose decant from the dregs and bottle for use4 ,it may be bronzed after being applied4 ,resists moisture1 chlorine and gases4 ,,brown ,,ink4--,a strong decoction of ,catechu4 ,the shade may be varied by the cautious addition of a little weak solution of bicromate of potash4 ,,luminous ,,ink4--,shines in the dark4 ,phosphorous one-half drachm1 ,oil ,cinnamon one-half ounce2 mix in a vial1 cork tightly1 heat it slowly until mixed4 ,a letter written in this ink can only be read in a dark room1 when the writing will have the appearance of a fire4 ,,ticketing ,,ink ,,for ,,grocers1 ,,etc4--,dissolve one ounce of ,gum ,arabic in six ounces of ,water and strain2 this is the ,mucilage2 for a black color use ,drop ,black1 powdered and ground with the mucilage to extreme fineness2 for blue1 ,ultra-,marine is used in the same manner2 for green1 ,emerald ,green2 for white1 ,flake ,white2 red1 ,vermillion1 ,lake or ,carmine2 for yellow1 ,chrome ,yellow4 ,when ground too thick they are thinned with a little water4 ,apply to the cards with a small brush4 ,the cards may be sized with a thin glue1 afterward varnished1 if it is desired to preserve them4 ,,common ,,ink4--,to one gallon boiling ,soft ,water add three-fourths ounce ,extract of ,logwood2 boil two minutes2 remove from the fire and stir in forty-eight grains ,bichromate of ,potash and eight grains ,prussiate of ,potash4 ,for ten gallons use six and one-half ounces ,logwood ,extract1 one ounce ,bichromate of ,potash1 and eighty grains ,prussiate ,potash2 strain4 ,six cents should buy the former and twenty-five cents the latter4 ,,red ,,ink4--,in an ounce phial put one teaspoonful ,aqua ,ammonia1 ,gum ,arabic size of two or three peas1 and six grains ,no4 #dj ,carmine4 ,fill up with soft water and it is soon ready for use4 ,,ink ,,for ,,marking ,,packages4--,take ,lamp ,black and mix thoroughly with sufficient ,turpentine to make it thin enough to flow from the brush4 ,powdered ,ultra-,marine instead of ,lamp ,black1 makes a fine blue marking mixture for the same purpose4 ,,chapter ,,iv4 ,,cosmetic ,,department4 ,,liquid ,,for ,,curling ,,the ,,hair4--,two ounces scrapings of lead1 half ounce ,litharge1 one-quarter ounce ,gum ,camphor4 ,boil all in one pint of soft water for half an hour4 ,let it cool2 pour off liquid and add to it one drachm ,rosemary ,flowers4 ,boil all again and strain1 when it is ready for use4 ,apply about once a week4 ,,hair ,,oil4--,one gallon ,cologne ,spirits1 #ij per cent proof1 one pint ,castor ,oil1 one ounce ,oil ,cinnamon4 ,mix well and it is ready for use4 ,,powder ,,for ,,the ,,complexion4--,half ounce ,tincture of ,elder ,blossoms1 half ounce ,beef ,marrow1 half pint ,orange ,flower ,water1 one ,cassia ,buds1 two ounces ,bitter ,almonds1 four drachms ,spirits ,oriental ,roses4 ,mix1 and apply it in the evening and wash it off in the morning4 ,,paste ,,to ,,produce ,,whiskers4--,one ounce of ,oil of ,paricada1 two ounces ,southern ,wood ,bark1 one ounce ,dog's ,lard4 ,fry over a slow fire until it forms a paste4 ,apply to the face once a day until the whiskers begin to grow4 ,,to ,,clean ,,the ,,teeth4--,castile ,soap and ,cigar ,ashes applied with a soft rag is one of the best tooth preparations known4 ,,to ,,make ,,the ,,hair ,,soft ,,and ,,glossy4--,one pint ,alcohol1 four ounces ,castor ,oil4 ,mix1 and flavor with ,bergamot4 ,apply frequently with the hands4 ,,to ,,remove ,,freckles4--,use ,oxolate of ,copper ,ointment4 ,,hair ,,tonic4--,sugar of ,lead five grains1 ,sulphate ,quinine two grains1 ,muriat of ,ammonia one drachm1 ,glycerine six ounces1 ,distilled ,water six ounces4 ,mix and apply two or three times per day4 ,,hair ,,dyes4 ,,no4 #a4--;,distilled ,water six ounces1 ,alcohol one ounce1 ,pyrogalic ,acid one drachm4 ,the ,acid must be dissolved in the ,alcohol before the water is added4 ,,no4 #b4--;,aqua ,ammonia one ounce1 ,water one ounce1 ,nitrate of ,silver two drachms4 ,dissolve the ,silver in water and add the ,ammonia4 ,cork tight and keep in a cool place4 ,,no4 #c4--,water four ounces1 ,sulphate of ,potash half ounce4 ,mix4 ,to dye the hair or whiskers1 have them free from dirt or soap suds4 ,they should be a little damp4 ,add carefully ,no4 #a1 using care not to allow the dye to touch the skin4 ,when somewhat dry apply ,no4 #b2 in about three minutes apply ,no4 #c4 ,use care not to allow any of these preparations to touch the skin4 ,,to ,,beautify ,,the ,,teeth ,,and ,,make ,,the ,,breath ,,smell ,,sweet ,,and ,,pleasant4--,one ounce ,chlorate of ,lime in a pint of ,soft ,water1 and let it stand #bd hours4 ,then pour off the clear water and add forty drops of ,essence of ,rose4 ,,to ,,make ,,the ,,cheeks ,,and ,,lips ,,rosy4--,use a little ,red ,carmine4 ,,perfumery4--,oils of ,rosemary and ,lemon each a half ounce1 ,bergamot and ,lavender half drachm1 ,cinnamon four drops1 ,cloves and ,rose each two drops1 ,alcohol one quart4 ,mix and let stand one week4 ,,hair ,,restorative4--,sugar of ,lead1 ,borax and ,lac ,sulphur each one ounce1 ,aqua ,ammonia half ounce1 ,alcohol one gill4 ,mix and let stand #bj hours1 then add ,bay ,rum one gill1 fine ,table ,salt one tablespoonful1 ,soft ,water three pints1 ,essence of ,bergamot half ounce4 ,,new ,,york ,,barber',s ,,star ,,hair ,,oil4--,castor ,oil six and one-half pints1 ,alcohol one and one-half pints1 ,oil of ,citronella one-half ounce1 ,lavender one-fourth ounce4 ,mix well1 put in four ounce bottles1 retail for #be cents4 ,,celebrated ,,moth ,,and ,,freckle ,,lotion4--,for the skin and complexion2 a great secret4 ,distill two handfuls ,jessamine ,flowers in a quart of ,rose ,water and a quart of ,orange ,water4 ,strain through porous paper and add a scruple of ,musk and a scruple of ,ambergris4 ,bottle and label4 ,splendid wash for the skin4 ,,imperial ,,onguent ,,for ,,forcing ,,whiskers ,,and ,,mustache ,,to ,,grow4--,made as follows3 ,two drachms of ,benzoin ,comp41 two drachms ,tincture of ,cantharides1 six ounces of ,castor ,oil1 nine and one-fourth ounces ,alcohol1 one drachm ,oil of ,bergamot4 ,mix well1 bottle and label4 ,apply the ,onguent night and morning4 ,circulation should be stimulated with a rough towel4 ,,curloline1 ,,for ,,making ,,the ,,hair ,,curl4--,one pound ,olive ,oil1 one drachm ,oil of ,origanum1 one and one-half drachms ,oil of ,rosemary4 ,mix well1 bottle and label4 ,apply two or three times weekly4 ,will curl the straightest hair if not cut too short4 ,,hair ,,restorative ,,and ,,invigorator4--,for a trifling cost4 ,sugar of ,lead1 ,borax and ,lac ,sulphur of each one ounce1 ,aqua ,ammonia one-half ounce1 ,alcohol one gill4 mix and let stand for fourteen hours2 then add ,bay ,rum one gill1 fine ,table ,salt one tablespoonful1 ,soft ,water three pints1 ,essence of ,bergamot one ounce4 ,this preparation not only gives a beautiful gloss1 but will cause hair to grow upon bald heads arising from all common causes1 and turning gray hair to a dark color4 ,manner of ,application4--,when the hair is thin or bald1 make two applications daily1 until this amount is used up4 ,work it into the roots of the hair with a soft brush or the ends of the fingers1 rubbing well each time4 ,for gray hair one application daily is sufficient4 ,,jockey ,,club4--,spirits of ,wine five gallons1 ,orange ,flower ,water one gallon1 ,balsam of ,peru four ounces1 ,essence of ,bergamot eight ounces4 ,essence of ,musk eight ounces1 ,essence of ,cloves four ounces1 ,essence of ,neroli two ounces4 ,mix4 ,,ladies' ,,own4--,spirits of ,wine one gallon1 ,otto of ,roses twenty drops1 ,essence of ,thyme one-half ounce1 ,essence of ,neroli one-fourth ounce1 ,essence of ,vanilla one-half ounce1 ,essence of ,bergamot one-fourth ounce1 ,orange ,flower ,water six ounces4 ,,upper ,,ten4--,spirits of ,wine four quarts1 ,essence of ,cedrat two drachms1 ,essence of ,violets one-fourth ounce1 ,essence of ,neroli one-half ounce1 ,otto of ,roses twenty drops1 ,orange ,flower ,essence one ounce1 ,oil of ,rosemary thirty drops1 ,oils of ,bergamot and ,neroli each one-half ounce4 ,,chapter ,v4 ,,live ,,stock ,,department4 ,each and ,every ,recipe in ,this ,department ,has ,been ,tested by the ,most ,eminent ,veterinary ,surgeons in the ,united ,states1 and ,pronounced by ,them as the ,best4 ,,wounds ,,and ,,cuts4--,take four ounces ,lard1 ,beeswax four ounces1 ,resin three ounces1 ,vaseline four to six ounces4 ,melt these together and add ,carbolic ,acid half ounce4 ,this is excellent4 ,,colic4--,gum ,camphor one ounce1 ,cayenne one ounce1 ,gum ,myrrh one ounce1 powdered ,gum ,quaial one ounce1 ,sassafras ,bark one ounce1 ,spirits of ,turpentine one ounce1 ,oil of ,origanum one-quarter ounce1 ,oil ,hemlock half ounce1 ,pulverized ,opium half ounce1 good alcohol two quarts4 ,mix and let stand ten to twelve days and filter4 ,dose from one to four teaspoonfuls in a pint of milk4 ,keep this on hand4 ,it is the best colic cure known4 ,,liniment ,,to ,,kill ,,pain4--,one gallon ,alcohol1 one ounce ,tincture ,cayenne1 two ounces ,tincture ,gum ,camphor1 two ounces ,tincture ,ammonia1 one-half ounce ,chloroform4 ,mix well and let stand twelve hours4 ,,best ,,condition ,,powders4--,fenugreek1 ,cream of ,tartar1 ,gentian1 ,sulphur1 ,saltpetre1 ,resin1 ,black ,antimony and ,ginger each two ounces1 ,cayenne ,pepper one ounce4 ,pulverize and mix thoroughly4 ,dose1 two tablespoonfuls once a day in feed4 ,,brittle ,,and ,,contracted ,,hoofs4--,take ,castor ,oil1 ,barbadoes1 ,tar and ,soft ,soap4 ,equal parts of each4 ,melt all together and stir while cooling1 and apply a little to the hoof three or four times a week4 ,,contracted ,,hoof ,,and ,,sore ,,feet4--,take equal parts of ,soft ,fat1 ,yellow ,wax1 ,linseed ,oil1 ,venice ,turpentine and ,norway ,tar2 first melt the wax1 then add the others1 mixing thoroughly4 ,apply to the edge of the hair once a day4 ,,cracked ,,heels4--,tar eight ounces1 ,beeswax one ounce1 ,resin one ounce1 ,alum one ounce1 ,tallow one ounce1 ,sulphate of ,iron one ounce1 ,carbolic ,acid one drachm4 ,mix and boil over a slow fire4 ,skim off the filth and add two ounces of the scrapings of ,sweet ,elder4 ,,eye ,,water4--,white ,vitriol and pure ,saltpetre of each one scruple1 pure soft water eight ounces4 ,mix4 ,this should be applied to the inflamed lids three or four times a day1 and if the inflammation does not lessen in one or two days it may be injected directly into the eye4 ,the writer has used this for his own eyes1 reduced one-half with water1 and dropped directly into the eye1 which would cause the eye to smart considerably for about five minutes1 when he should bathe the eye with cold water for a few minutes1 and by repeating this three or four times a day1 it has given the best of satisfaction4 ,it does nicely1 many times1 to just close the eye and bathe the outside freely4 ,,cure ,,for ,,sweeney4--,alcohol and ,spirits of ,turpentine each eight ounces1 ,camphor ,gum1 pulverized ,cantharides and ,capsicum each one ounce1 ,oil of ,spike three ounces4 ,mix4 ,bathe with hot iron4 ,,farcy4--,nitrate of ,potash four ounces1 ,black ,antimony two ounces1 ,sulphite of ,soda one ounce1 ,elecampane two ounces4 ,mix4 ,dose1 one tablespoonful once or twice a day4 ,,farcy ,,and ,,glanders4--,iodide of ,potassium one and one-quarter drachms1 ,copperas one-half1 ,ginger one drachm1 ,gentian two drachms1 powdered ,gum ,arabic and ,syrup to form a ball2 or1 take one-half ounce ,sulphite ,soda1 five grains powdered ,cantharides4 ,mix1 and give at night in cut feed for several weeks2 give at the same time every morning and noon three drachms powdered ,gentian1 two drachms powdered ,blue ,vitriol1 give the medicines for a long time2 feed well4 ,this is the best treatment that can be given for this disease4 ,,wolf',s ,,liniment4--,one quart ,alcohol1 two ounces ,tincture ,arnica1 one ounce ,oil ,hemlock1 one ounce ,oil of ,spike4 ,mix well and let stand twenty-four hours4 ,this will cure any burn1 scald1 bruise1 sprain or any like ailment2 also aches and pains of all kinds4 ,apply by wetting a flannel cloth and wrapping it around the diseased parts4 ,,cuts1 ,,wounds ,,and ,,sores4--,take of ,lard four ounces1 ,beeswax four ounces1 ,resin two ounces1 ,carbolic ,acid one-quarter ounce4 ,mix the first three and melt1 add ,carbolic ,acid1 stirring until cool4 ,this is excellent for man as well as beast4 ,,for ,,poll ,,evil4--,rock ,salt one ounce1 ,blue ,vitriol one ounce1 ,copperas one-half ounce4 ,pulverize and mix well4 ,fill a goose quill with the powder and push to the bottom of the pipe4 ,have a stick at the top of the quill and push the powder out of the quill1 leaving it at the bottom of the pipe4 ,repeat in four days1 and in two or three days you can remove the pipe without any trouble4 ,,cure ,,for ,,scratches4--,sweet ,oil three ounces1 ,borax one ounce1 ,sugar of ,lead one ounce4 ,mix and apply twice daily after washing thoroughly with castile soap1 giving time for legs to dry4 ,,great ,,arabian ,,heave ,,remedy4--,give your horse a teaspoonful of ,lobelia once a day for a week and then once a week1 and you will hardly know he ever had the heaves4 ,try it4 ,,bots4--,take new ,milk two quarts1 ,syrup one quart1 mix and give the whole1 and in fifteen or twenty minutes after give two quarts of warm1 strong ,sage tea2 half an hour after the tea give one quart of raw ,linseed ,oil1 or if the ,oil cannot be had give ,lard instead4 ,,diuretics4--,take ,balsam ,copaiba two ounces1 ,sweet ,spirits of ,nitre three ounces1 ,spirits of ,turpentine two ounces1 ,oil of ,juniper two ounces1 ,tincture of ,camphor two ounces4 ,mix2 shake the bottle before pouring the medicine4 ,dose for adult horse1 two tablespoonfuls in a pint of milk1 repeated every four to six hours1 if necessary4 ,this is a reliable preparation for kidney difficulties4 ,,founder4--,vinegar three pints1 ,capsicum one-half drachm1 ,tincture of ,aconite ,root fifteen drops4 ,mix and boil down to one quart2 when cool give it as a drench4 ,blanket the horse well2 after the horse has perspired for an hour or more1 give one quart of raw ,linseed ,oil4 ,this treatment will be found good for horses foundered by eating too much grain4 ,,mange4--,oil ,tar one ounce1 ,lac ,sulphur one and one-half ounces1 ,whale ,oil two ounces4 ,mix4 ,rub a little on the skin wherever the disease appears1 and continue daily for a week1 then wash off with castile soap and warm water4 ,,poll ,,evil ,,and ,,fistula4--,tincture of ,opium one drachm1 ,potash two drachms1 ,water one ounce2 mix1 and when dissolved inject into the pipes with a small syringe1 having cleansed the sore with soap-suds2 repeat every two days until pipes are completely destroyed4 ,,condition ,,powder4--,take ,antimony ,crude one ounce1 ,lobelia gr4 one ounce1 ,ginger two ounces1 ,sulphur ,flour three ounces1 ,berberry gr4 one ounce1 ,cream ,tartar four ounces1 ,saltpetre ,flour four ounces2 well mixed4 ,dose1 one tablespoonful each day in wet feed4 ,best in the market2 will sell well4 ,,for ,,bone ,,spavin4--,hog's ,lard half pint1 best ,oil ,origanum one and a half ounces1 ,oil ,cajeput two ounces1 pulverized ,cantharides half ounce4 ,mix1 and apply each morning for four mornings1 heating it in with hot iron each time1 then discontinue its use for three days1 after which use as before for five mornings4 ,wait about eight or ten days and if not gone repeat as before4 ,,arabian ,,horse ,,tamer',s ,,secret4--,take ,oil of ,cummin1 ,oil of ,rhodium and ,horse ,castor4 ,keep separate in air-tight bottles4 ,rub a little of the ,oil of ,cummin on your hand and approach the horse on the windward side1 so that he can smell the ,cummin4 ,the horse will then let you come up to him without trouble4 ,rub your hand gently on the horse's nose1 getting a little oil on it4 ,he will then follow you4 ,give him a little of the ,castor on a piece of ,loaf ,sugar or ,apple2 get a few drops of the ,rhodium on his tongue1 and he is your servant4 ,he will follow you like a pet dog4 ,,cure ,,for ,,spavin ,,and ,,ringbone4--,cantharides one ounce1 ,mercurial ,ointment half ounce1 ,corrosive ,sublimate a half drachm1 ,turpentine one and a half ounces1 ,tincture ,iodine one ounce1 ,gum ,euphorbium four ounces4 ,mix well with one pound of ,lard4 ,for spavin or ringbone1 cut the hair away and grease the part well with the ointment1 rubbing it in well4 ,in two days grease the parts with ,lard2 wash it off in two days more1 and again apply the ointment4 ,so continue until a cure is effected1 which will be in a short time4 ,for bog ,spavin1 wind gall1 curb or splint1 apply the ointment every six days4 ,,jockey ,,tricks4--,how to make a horse appear as though he was badly foundered4--,take a fine wire and fasten it tightly around the fetlock1 between the foot and the heel1 and smooth the hair over it4 ,in twenty minutes the horse will show lameness4 ,do not leave it on over nine hours4 ,to make a horse lame4--,take a single hair from its tail1 put it through the eye of a needle1 then lift the front leg and press the skin between the outer and middle tendon or cord1 and shove the needle through1 cut off the hair each side and let down the foot4 ,the horse will go lame in twenty minutes4 ,how to make a horse stand by his food and not take it4--,grease the front teeth and the roof of the mouth with common beef tallow1 and he will not eat until you wash it out4 ,this1 in conjunction with the above1 will consummate a complete founder4 ,how to cure a horse from the crib or sucking wind4--,saw between the upper teeth to the gums4 ,how to put a young countenance on a horse4--,make a small incision in the sunken place over the eye1 insert the point of a goose quill and blow it up2 close the external wound with a thread1 and it is done4 ,to cover up the heaves4--,drench the horse with one-fourth pound of common bird-shot1 and he will not heave until they pass through him4 ,to make a horse appear as if he had the glanders4--,melt four ounces fresh ,butter and pour into his ear4 ,to distinguish between glanders and distemper4--,the discharge from the nose in glanders will sink in water2 in distemper it floats4 ,how to make a true pulling horse balk4--,take ,tincture of ,cantharides one ounce1 and ,corrosive ,sublimate one drachm2 mix and bathe his shoulder at night4 ,how to serve a horse that is lame4--,make a small incision about half way from the knee to the joint on the outside of the leg1 and at the back part of the shin bone you will find a small1 white tendon or cord2 cut it off and close the external wound with a stitch1 and he will walk off on the hardest pavement and not limp a particle4 ,,how ,,to ,,tell ,,the ,,age ,,of ,a ,,horse4--,the safest way of determining the age of a horse is by the appearance of the teeth1 which undergo certain changes in the course of years4 ,eight to fourteen days after birth1 the first middle nippers of the set of milk teeth are cut2 four to six weeks afterwards the pair next to them1 and finally1 after six or eight months1 the last4 ,all these milk teeth have a well defined body and neck1 and a slender fang1 and on their front surface grooves or furrows1 which disappear from the middle nippers at the end of one year1 from the next pair in two years1 and from the incisive teeth 7cutters7 in three years4 ,at the age of two the nippers become loose and fall out1 in their places appear two permanent teeth1 with deep1 black cavities1 and full1 sharp edges4 ,at the age of three1 the next pair fall out4 ,at four years old1 the corner teeth fall out4 ,at five years old1 the horse has his permanent set of teeth4 ,the teeth grow in length as the horse advances in years1 but at the same time his teeth are worn away by use about one-twelfth of an inch every year1 so that the black cavities of the center nippers below disappear in the sixth year1 those of the next pair in the seventh year1 and those of the corner teeth in the eighth year4 ,also the outer corner of upper and lower jaw just meet at eight years of age4 ,at nine years old1 cups leave the two center nippers above1 and each of the two upper corner teeth has a little sharp protrusion at the extreme outer corner4 ,at the age of ten the cups disappear from the adjoining teeth4 ,at the age of eleven1 the cups disappear from the corner teeth above1 and are only indicated by brownish spots4 ,the oval form becomes broader1 and changes1 from the twelfth to the sixteenth year1 more and more into a triangular form1 and the teeth lose1 finally1 with the twentieth year1 all regularity4 ,there is nothing remaining in the teeth that can afterwards clearly show the age of the horse1 or justify the most experienced examiner in giving a positive opinion4 ,the tushes1 or canine teeth1 conical in shape1 with a sharp point1 and curved1 are cut between the third and fourth year1 their points become more and more rounded until the ninth year1 and after that1 more and more dull in the course of years1 and lose1 finally1 all regular shape4 ,mares seldom have tusks2 if any1 they are very faintly indicated4 ,frequent reference to the chart for telling the horse's age will thoroughly acquaint one with this valuable bit of knowledge4 ,,age ,,of ,,sheep ,,and ,,goats4--,at one year old they have eight front teeth of uniform size4 ,at two years the two middle ones are supplanted by two large ones4 ,at three a small tooth appears on each side4 ,at four there are six large teeth4 ,at five all the front teeth are large1 and at six all begin to get worn4 ,,age ,,of ,,cattle4--,a cow's horn is supposed to furnish a correct indication of the age of the animal1 but this is not always true4 ,for ordinary purposes1 however1 the following will be found approximately correct3 ,at two years of age a circle of thicker matter begins to form on the animal's horns1 which becomes clearly defined at three years of age1 when another circle begins to form1 and an additional circle every year thereafter4 ,the cow's age then can be determined by adding two to the number of circles4 ,the rings on a bull's horns do not show themselves until he is five years old--so in the case of a bull five must be added to the number of rings4 ,unless the rings are clear and distinct these rules will not apply4 ,besides1 dishonest dealers sometimes file off some of the rings of old cattle4 ,,chapter ,,vi4 ,,hog ,,department4 ,,the ,,disposition ,,and ,,character ,,of ,,the ,,hog4 ,in all histories of animals1 the hog stands a natural phenomenon1 and alone in relation to his appetite and physical constitution4 ,the hog is the only kind of animal known to man that can feed on any kind of food4 ,the stomach of the hog is adapted both to flesh and grass1 which is not the case with any other animal in all the history of animals4 ,another peculiarity of his nature is his great ferociousness2 perhaps the hog is more valiant than any animal known4 ,the ferocious and warlike disposition 7perhaps7 is one among the reasons of this animal's great health4 ,there are very few diseases among animals that the hog is subject to2 in fact1 it 7the ,cholera7 is the only disease to be greatly feared among that order of animals2 and as this great and valuable remedy is found and demonstrated beyond the shadow of a doubt1 the farmer may go on raising and feeding his hogs with the full assurance that his labors will not be lost4 ,he can improve his hogs with confidence and assurance that health and prosperity will be the rich reward of his labors4 ,there is more money made in the culture and growing of hogs than any animal in the known world2 notwithstanding the great loss by ,cholera1 there is no one but what will say amen to this fact4 ,even ,boone ,county loses #ajj1jjj4jj worth of hogs with the ,cholera1 annually4 ,there are #aad counties in the ,state of ,missouri4 ,now make the calculation of the great saving of money by this invaluable discovery for the prevention and cure of the above disease4 ,we see that if all farmers and traders in hogs had this book1 and carried out its instructions1 it would save #aa1djj1jjj4jj for the ,state of ,missouri1 which amount would soon enable ,missouri or any other ,state that observes this book's instructions to be the richest ,state in the ,union4 ,there is no farmer but that will become wealthy if he uses economy1 industry and has the ,stephen's ,remedy for ,hog ,cholera4 ,,symptoms ,,of ,,the ,,disease1 ,,hog ,,cholera4 #ast4 ,gentleness and sluggishness4 #b;d4 ,you will see the hog moving around with his nose close to the ground1 with a kind of a forced cough1 hair looking dead and kind of a reddish color2 then they quit eating and soon die4 ,these symptoms are generally of a slow progress1 but certain death if ,stephen's ,cholera ,remedy is not used4 ,these symptoms are set forth both in dry and purging ,hog ,cholera4 ,on the first appearance1 this disease is more fatal1 from the fact that nature teaches the brute1 by unlearned laws1 natural medical aid2 but this disease is so powerful and destructive there is something more necessary than the animal can generally get at4 ,we now propose to give the cause and the whole cause of the fearful disease caused ,hog ,cholera3 ,the system of both man and brute is made up and composed of a living animalcule so small that it cannot be discovered with the eye1 it being so delicate2 but1 by the use of the microscope1 it can be readily seen and realized4 ,in good health1 with this animal1 this animalcule is the life and spirit of the hog1 causing the functions throughout the whole system to perform nature's intended designs--regular digestion1 and a perfect circulation throughout the whole animal nature2 but when this valuable animal is ranging in certain localities where he has no resort to certain material1 the system becomes of an impure character1 and this delicate animalcule commanding a rapid growth1 feeds upon the nutriment of the body of the hogs and consequently destroys life without a counteracting remedy of speedy effect4 ,the liver is the seat of worms or animalcule2 it is also the king or main spring of digestion of both man and beast2 when the hog begins to droop1 the worm is rapidly growing2 and1 without something to destroy this worm1 the hog will die4 ,in certain localities the hog never has this disease4 ,now1 this is full and ample evidence that it is the locality in relation to feed that keeps this fearful disease from the hog4 ,in my travels ,i have observed1 the localities and health of this valuable animal depends on what range or food he gets4 ,the ,author1 having traveled through different countries and localities1 observing at the same time the health of this animal1 gave rise to this great discovery as a perfect remedy for health4 ,this remedy will both prevent and cure this disease1 when the disease has not too strong a hold1 and the liver and blood fevered too much by the worm4 ,the liver1 being the seat of digestion1 must not be disturbed2 if its digestion is disturbed1 secretions are located--the system depending on the liver as the clock or watch depends on its mainspring for time2 therefore1 knowing the disease and remedy1 end experiencing the facts1 the ,author is fully satisfied that his remedy1 both as a preventative and cure1 is all that it claims to be1 and is undoubtedly the most valuable discovery for the health of the swine that has ever been known or found out4 ,the reasons and cause of ,hog ,cholera having been explained1 the ,author now proposes to give the ,,prevention ,,and ,,cure ,,of ,,hog ,,cholera4 ,we are aware of the fact that the talent1 ingenuity and skill of man has been employed in searching out some remedy as a preventative and cure for this lamentable disease2 and there have been some preventions used that have been valuable in that direction4 ,for instance1 the simple article called ashes is a healthy article for stock1 which many people use1 but it never cured one case of ,cholera4 ,i have no doubt but it has been beneficial for the general health of hogs4 ,of all remedies1 simple ones when they will cure are the best2 and this remedy is as simple and as easily used as it is possible in the use of any remedy4 ,the effective remedy is simply old lime and sand1 with arsenic4 ,now1 ,i am aware that the nature of man is to look for some great and unknown article as a remedy for such a great curse as ,hog ,cholera2 but1 considering the cause of the disease being the animalcule1 reader1 you see that it requires something to prevent the excess1 or destroy the increase of this minute animal4 ,now1 we see readily that the ,old ,lime1 ,sand and ,arsenic does the work without a doubt1 and the hog is healthy and clear of disease4 ,now1 reader1 you have the remedy2 the next thing is how to use it4 ,in the first place drive your wagon to some sandbar and haul a wagon load of sand2 throw it out where you feed your hogs2 to one wagon load of sand1 put one bushel of old slacked lime2 throw your feed on that for your hogs1 and about every three months replenish with the same4 ,if your hogs have the ,cholera1 separate the sick from the well ones1 and have a trough1 and put some of the sand and lime in it1 with about one-half of a thimbleful of arsenic to the hog2 then pour some rich slop on this preparation so that the hogs will eat it2 milk would be preferable if you have it4 ,this preparation once every other day will soon have your hogs healthy and sound2 it destroys the worms1 then the hog is all right4 ,to your healthy hogs give one-half thimbleful of arsenic in slop to every hog1 once per month4 ,this is all the arsenic you must use2 you must not mix the arsenic with the lime and sand1 or the hog may not get it4 ,after using this remedy1 your hogs that are not yet complaining with ,cholera will never take it2 you may rely on it4 ,i have tried this valuable remedy until ,i am perfectly satisfied2 where the ,cholera was killing out the gang every day1 it put a stop to it at once2 and not only for myself1 but many others under my notice4 ,i have never seen ,cholera bother hogs1 where this ,stephen's ,remedy was used as above stated4 ,you will ask1 what is to be done where pigs have it8 ,in answer to that1 reader1 just get a trough and put in the remedy1 and pour the slop to their mother1 and the milk will be just as effective to the pigs as the remedy is with the sow4 ,this ,stephen's ,remedy for ,hog ,cholera1 if studied and observed1 will be worth from #ajj4jj to #a1jjj4jj to every farmer or hog trader1 where ,cholera has ever been2 and there is no trouble or expense to have the benefit of it4 ,this very little book is worth its weight in gold4 ,the countries where they have no ,hog ,cholera are rocky and hilly1 sandy and limy1 where the hog can get this remedy1 and ,providence has so taught the animal that nature dictates to him the remedy4 ,see the dog1 when he is sick1 he knows how to take an emetic1 vomit1 and get well2 so it is with the hog1 if he can find this remedy he hardly ever takes ,cholera4 ,in addition to those cures as a prevention of the disease1 use ,asafetida1 as follows3 ,cut in small pieces about one ounce2 melt it in water or grease1 pour it in rich slop4 ,feed it to about ten hogs1 once per week in ,hog ,cholera season1 more or less according to number of hogs4 ,if you will keep up these remedies your swine will keep healthy4 ,keep the sick ones and well ones separate4 ,if you have clover keep the sick ones on it1 it is healthy for hogs4 ,,on ,,treatment4 ,a little further advice concerning the treatment of hogs when penned for fattening2 hogs should be penned on rolling ground if possible2 they fatten better and consume less corn2 they should be salted twice a week4 ,the way to salt is as follows3 ,if there is no decaying stump in the pen1 haul a rotten log and pour salt on it1 and the hogs will use all the salt and waste none2 and the demands of nature will have them use just enough and no more2 this preparation will save #b-a_/b bushels of corn to every hog1 which is #a4jj--quite an item where you have a large pen of hogs4 ,salt your stock hogs in the same way4 ,when you have used ,stephen's ,remedies one year1 you would not be without this knowledge for any small amount1 for your hogs will be healthy and prosperous4 ,if the reader has only one hog per year1 it will pay him to buy this book in relation to the breed of hogs4 ,i don't know that ,i could enlighten you on this subject1 for the world's attention is directed to that information1 and perhaps1 reader1 you are as well posted on that subject as your humble writer4 ,for the western country1 as a hardy and profitable stock of thrifty hogs1 the ,berkshire mixed or crossed with the ,poland ,china1 would be my choice1 but every man has his own notions concerning the breed of his stock4 ,the main point is to keep them healthy4 ,please fathom these instructions1 which will cost you no more hard labor4 ,now1 reader1 the ,author has endeavored1 in his plain and simple manner1 and in as few words as possible1 to explain the cause of ,hog ,cholera1 its effects1 symptoms1 and its cure and prevention1 which have been demonstrated by the ,author1 and not only by him but by divers others under his instruction4 ,before the ,author wrote this book1 he sold these receipts at from #aj4jj to #ej4jj2 but seeing the great loss of labor and perplexity in relation to ,hog ,cholera1 and the pressing necessity throughout our land1 alone induced the ,author of this work to write a book and set such a low price on it as to enable every poor widow1 that has even a pet pig1 to be in possession of one as a security for its health4 ,,advice ,,to ,,the ,,young ,,man4 ,when the young man leaves his father's home to plan out his course as a farmer it is very necessary for him to observe two grand points3 #ast4 ,to so live1 act and speak1 as the ,apostle ,paul says1 void of offense both to ,god and man2 and in these words there is a world of thought4 ,this constitutes our noblest characters in this life and the life to come4 #bnd4 ,in relation to finance1 or making and saving of money4 ,purchase a good farm1 just as much land as you can cultivate well1 and no more2 don't have one surplus acre2 don't do like some people1 raise every kind of stock and never have anything for market2 but when you raise hogs1 raise nothing else for market but hogs2 and raise all you can fatten--that is1 all you can raise corn to make fat2 and by this rule to have one or two car loads for sale every fall2 you will become wealthy if you live to be old4 ,in relation to managing your fields1 be sure not to exhaust your soil2 if you are in timber land1 sow wheat every other year on your corn-fields2 this will keep your land constantly improving from ordinary land to rich land4 ,if you live in prairie country where your wheat will not pay1 never sow oats unless you let your hogs take them before cutting4 ,always have one clover field for your hogs to run on in the hard months of summer and fall4 ,now1 reader1 in conclusion1 ,i will give you certificates of the most prominent men in our vicinity1 who tried and experienced the ,stephen's ,hog ,cholera ,remedy1 and became convinced of its great value and benefit to man2 and that all men may have confidence and rely on this remedy as a fact1 these men have gone before the ,justice of the ,peace and sworn to the facts as they exist4 ,you will see their certificates on the following pages4 ,now1 reader1 hoping we may both be greatly benefited by this little work1 ,i bid you ,god speed4 ,good-bye4 ,,hog ,,cholera4 ,this is to certify that ,i bought one of ,dr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,stephen's ,hog ,cholera books in #ahhj1 when my hogs were dying with that disease4 ,i went home and followed the directions of the book4 ,i cured my hogs and prevented the rest from having the disease4 ,i here state ,i have followed ,dr4 ,stephen's book's directions for fifteen years1 feeding and raising hogs1 with ,cholera around me1 and have kept my hogs healthy ever since4 ,you need not be afraid of ,hog ,cholera if you have one of the books4 ,the remedy will not cost more than one dollar a year for one hundred hogs4 ,no one that has hogs can afford to do without it4 ,i was living in ,monroe county when ,i bought the book4 ,i am now living in ,brunswick1 ,chariton county1 ,mo41 with ,hog ,cholera all around me4 ,i am not afraid of it4 ,if you doubt this1 write to me4 ,,reuben ,,young4 ,witness1 ,b4 ,g4 ,,young4 ,october #ae1 #ahie4 ,a ,,valuable ,,discovery ,,for ,,everybody4 ,in #ahgj my hogs1 and many of those of my neighbors1 died with ,hog ,cholera2 it also broke out again in '#ga4 ,dr4 ,stephens1 of ,centralia1 discovered a never failing cure for ,hog ,cholera4 ,i used his remedy1 it being no expense or trouble1 and ,i never lost a hog1 while every one of my neighbors lost a large portion of their hogs by disease4 ,my hogs running with them1 ,i am satisfied that ,i would have lost them1 had it not been for this great remedy of ,stephens1 that ,i used4 ,i am satisfied that this remedy will either cure or prevent ,hog ,cholera in any case4 ,i am an old farmer1 and would not be without this sure remedy for any reasonable sum of money4 ,i conscientiously and unhesitatingly advise every farmer to not fail to get at least a farm right1 and save your hogs from that dreadful destructive disease2 for the remedy will cure and prevent ,hog ,cholera in any case4 ,i have experienced this fact1 and the benefit of it is the reason ,i set so high a value on it4 ,i am a sojourner near ,cairo1 ,randolph county1 ,mo4 ,was born in ,kentucky and emigrated to ,missouri in an early day4 ,,thomas ,,patrick4 ,june #bd1 #ahgb4 ,,valuable ,,notice4 ,i hereby state a valuable fact4 ,my hogs were dying with ,cholera in the fall of #ahga2 ,i offered the lot for a certain sum of money4 ,they were dying every day with ,hog ,cholera1 in ,boone ,county4 ,i finally offered them for a mere nominal sum1 not being one-fifth part of the value of the hogs1 had not the ,cholera been among them1 and they dying every day4 ,dr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,stephens of ,centralia1 ,mo41 said he could cure them1 and ,mr4 ,r4 ,e4 ,edwards1 of ,centralia1 ,mo41 having faith in ,dr4 ,stephens1 bought the hogs4 ,to my own knowledge1 the hogs were cured and fatted up1 and made well2 and ,i say for the benefit of the public1 that ,i believe that ,dr4 ,stephens can either cure or prevent ,hog ,cholera on any man's farm4 ,i advise all farmers to get his great and valuable remedy2 it may save you thousands of dollars4 ,given under my hand this ,june #bbnd1 #ahgb4 ,this is for no benefit of mine1 but alone for the benefit of the public4 ,this is a fact4 ,e4 ,t4 ,,bennett1 ,trustee of the ,m4,e4 ,church1 ,centralia4 ,subscribed and sworn to before me on this #bbnd day of ,june1 #ahgb4 ,j4 ,m4 ,,west1 ,j4,p4 ,,to ,,all ,,my ,,friends1 ,,and ,,then ,,to ,,strangers4 ,centralia1 ,boone ,co41 ,july #c1 #ahgb4 ,dr4 ,stephens1 of this place1 ,i believe1 has discovered at last the great remedy both to cure and to prevent ,hog ,cholera4 ,this disease has made its ravages among hogs in every ,state like cholera among men1 but ,i hope and believe from experience1 that ,dr4 ,stephens has1 after all the remedies have been tried1 discovered the great and only reliable remedy1 ,i am satisfied from theory and experience that his remedy will both cure and prevent ,hog ,cholera4 ,i bought a lot of hogs1 every one of which had the ,cholera1 on the faith that ,dr4 ,stephens would cure them4 ,i bought the hogs of ,e4 ,t4 ,bennett1 living in our town4 ,they were dying every day1 and ,i bought them at a mere nominal sum1 it not being1 perhaps1 one-fifth or sixth part of the value of said hogs4 ,i called on ,dr4 ,stephens1 and he instructed me what to do4 ,the remedy cost me but a trifle and ,i cured every one1 and my hogs fattened and did well--other hogs dying all over town--mine cured sound and remained healthy4 ,i am not afraid of ,hog ,cholera any more2 at least ,i am satisfied ,i can cure it with ,dr4 ,stephens' great remedy4 ,this remedy ,i never before heard of for ,hog ,cholera2 but ,i have experienced the fact4 ,the great value is1 it costs you1 to prevent #a1jjj hogs from having it one year with three hours' labor1 but #a4jj4 ,my advice is1 don't fail to obtain this valuable remedy at any cost4 ,this is a fact that ,i believe is worth more1 and a greater saver of money to the ,united ,states than any discovery that has been made in the #aith century4 ,r4 ,f4 ,,edwards1 ,sup't4 of the ,m4,e4 ,sunday ,school1 ,centralia1 ,mo4 ,subscribed and sworn to before me1 this #crd day of ,july1 #ahgb4 ,,james ,m4 ,,west1 ,j4,p4 ,,chapter ,,vii4 ,,poultry ,,department4 ,,the ,,treatment ,,of ,,fowls4 ,in the rearing of poultry for profit it may safely be stated that dry1 well-aired1 warm poultry houses are necessary4 ,to keep fowls in poorly ventilated1 damp1 cold quarters is a waste of time and money1 as nearly all diseases of fowls are traceable to improperly kept poultry houses4 ,it may also be stated that #ii per cent of the sickness in fowls has its origin in filth1 hence cleanliness is essential in raising good poultry4 ,the hen house should be cleaned as often as the barn4 ,,diseases ,,of ,,fowls ,,and ,,how ,,to ,,treat ,,them4 ,apoplexy4--,this disease is usually caused by over feeding in confined quarters4 ,the bird may be noticed moping for some days1 but usually the trouble is not noticed until the bird falls and dies with hardly a struggle4 ,remedy4--,open the largest of the veins under the wing1 press on the vein between the opening and the body until the blood flows freely4 ,vertigo4--,like apoplexy1 is caused by over feeding and lack of exercise4 ,the fowl runs in a circle with but partial control of the limbs4 ,remedy4--,hold the head of the bird under a stream of cold water4 ,give ten grains of jalap and reduce the amount of feed4 ,crop-,bound4--,is caused by irregular feeding4 ,a hungry bird fills his crop to such a degree that the contents1 when moistened1 becomes a dense compact mass4 ,remedy4--,puncture the upper part of the crop1 loosen the mass by degrees1 with a blunt instrument4 ,if the incision is large1 sew up the slit and feed the bird soft food for ten days4 ,diarrhoea4--,remedy4--,five grains powdered chalk1 #e grains turkey rhubarb1 #e grains cayenne pepper4 ,roup4--,this is a very contagious disease4 ,the well fowls should immediately be separated from the sick ones1 and the old quarters thoroughly disinfected4 ,use the following remedy4 ,one-half ounce balsam copaiba1 one-quarter ounce liquorice powder1 one-half drachm piperine4 ,this is enough for thirty doses4 ,enclose each dose in a small capsule2 give two or three doses per day4 ,if this does not furnish relief in two days1 kill the fowl and burn or bury it4 ,the symptoms of this disease are first1 a thick opaque and peculiarly offensive smelling discharge from the nostrils4 ,froth appears at the inner corner of the eyes1 the lids swell and often the eyes are entirely closed2 the sides of the face become much swollen1 and the bird rapidly declines and dies4 ,gapes4--,is caused by parasitic worms in the wind pipe1 or from a small tick-like parasite lodged on the head of the chicken when between two and four months old4 ,examine the head of the bird1 with a pocket lens1 and if the parasite is found1 destroy them with the following3 ,one ounce mercurial ointment1 one-half ounce petroleum 7crude71 one-half ounce flower of sulphur4 ,mix by heating1 and apply when just warm4 ,when gapes is caused by worms in the wind pipe1 use spirits of turpentine1 it is applied by dipping the end of a feather in the turpentine1 then inserting it in the bird's mouth at the root of the tongue2 generally one operation is all that is required4 ,to prevent and cure chicken cholera1 renovate the coops thoroughly then saturate the apartments with kerosene oil4 ,then grease the chicken under the wings and wherever the feathers are off1 use the formula mentioned for gapes when caused by parasite 7on the head71 repeat the greasing process in two weeks1 then once a month until the time of heavy frost in the fall4 ,the following is an elegant internal treatment4 ,dissolve four ounces of hyposulphate of soda in one gallon of water and add corn meal to make a heavy dough1 and give an ordinary feed of this twice a day for six days1 and then once a week through the summer months4 ,in severe cases give one teaspoonful of the water 7without meal7 three or four times a day until out of danger4 ,this is the best known remedy for chicken cholera4 ,poultry ,lousiness4--,appears only in poorly kept fowls4 ,sprinkle the fowls and nests with ,scotch snuff or flower of sulphur4 ,in addition thoroughly cleanse the hen house and coop with a solution of four pounds of potash to a gallon of water or with strong soap suds4 ,,chapter ,,viii4 ,,chemical ,,department4 ,,how ,,to ,,imitate ,,gold4--,take the following metals and melt them in a covered crucible2 sixteen ounces ,virgin ,platina1 twenty-four ounces pure copper4 ,,silver4--,forty ounces ,nickel1 twenty ounces ,copper1 thirty ounces ,block ,tin4 ,,artificial ,,gold4--,sixteen parts of ,virgin ,platina and seven parts ,copper and one of ,zinc4 ,put these in a crucible with powdered charcoal1 and melt them together till the whole forms a mass1 and are thoroughly incorporated together4 ,this also makes a gold of extraordinary beauty and value4 ,it is not possible by any tests that chemists know of to distinguish it from pure virgin gold4 ,all ,i ask of men is to use it for good and lawful purposes1 for the knowledge that ,i here give you will bring you a rich and permanent reward without using it for unlawful purposes4 ,,manheim1 ,,or ,,jeweler',s ,,gold4--,three parts of ,copper1 one part of ,zinc1 and one part of ,block ,tin4 ,if these are pure and melted in a covered crucible containing charcoal1 the resemblance will be so good the best judges cannot tell it from pure gold without analyzing it4 ,,best ,,pinchback ,,gold4--,five ounces of pure ,copper and one ounce of ,zinc4 ,this makes gold so good in appearance that a great deal of deception by its use in the way of watches and jewelry has been successfully practiced for several hundred years back4 ,,silver ,,fluid4--,for silvering brass and copper articles of every description4--,take an ounce of precipitated ,silver to half an ounce of ,cyanate of ,potash and quarter of an ounce of ,hyper ,sulphate of ,soda4 ,put all into a quart of water1 add a little whitening and shake before using4 ,apply with a soft rag4 ,this knowledge alone is worth one hundred dollars4 ,,original ,,and ,,genuine ,,silver ,,plating4--,galvanism ,simplified4--,dissolve one ounce of ,nitrate of ,silver in ,crystal in twelve ounces of soft water4 ,then dissolve in the water two ounces of ,cyanate of ,potash4 ,shake the whole together and let it stand until it becomes clear4 ,have ready some half-ounce vials1 and fill them half full with ,paris ,white or fine ,whiting1 then fill up the bottles with the liquid1 and it is ready for use4 ,the ,whiting does not increase the coating power2 it only helps to clean the articles and to save the silver fluid by half filling the bottles4 ,the above quantity of materials will only cost about #a4ej1 so that the fluid will only cost about three cents a bottle4 ,,powder ,,for ,,cleaning ,,and ,,polishing ,,tin1 ,,britannia ,,and ,,brassware4--,take one-half pound ground ,pumice ,stone and one-quarter pound ,red ,chalk1 mix them evenly together4 ,this is for tin brass4 ,for silver and fine ware1 take one-half pound ,red ,chalk1 and one-quarter pound ,pumice ,stone1 mix evenly2 use these articles dry with a piece of wash leather4 ,it is one of the best cleaning powders ever invented1 and very valuable4 ,,silver ,,polish ,,for ,,tin1 ,,brass ,,and ,,metallic ,,articles4--,quicksilver1 ,tinfoil or ,rottenstone1 equal parts1 all pulverized together4 ,roll up in balls1 show as you go1 and sell for #aj cents a ball4 ,,another4--,fine4--,four pounds ,whiting1 one-quarter ounce ,oxalic ,acid1 one-half ounce ,cream ,tartar4 ,stir all together1 then add slowly three ounces ,mercury stirring briskly all the time so it will mix4 ,this is good1 #be cents a ball4 ,,kangaroo ,,cement4--,rubber one ounce1 pack tightly as possible in a bottle and cover it with ,bi-,sulphate of ,carbon4 ,when the rubber is dissolved you will have the best cement in the world4 ,there is a fortune in this to an energetic man1 as it sells at #be cents a drachm2 and costs but little to make it4 ,this is the cement used by shoemakers to put invisible patches on shoes4 ,,how ,,to ,,eat ,,fire4--,anoint your tongue with liquid ,storax1 and you may put hot iron or fire coals into your mouth1 and without burning you4 ,this is a very dangerous trick to be done1 and those who practice it ought to use all means they can to prevent danger4 ,we never saw one of those fire-eaters that had a good complexion4 ,,imitation ,,silver4--,eleven ounces refined ,nickel1 two ounces ,metallic ,bismuth4 ,melt the composition three times1 and pour them out in ley4 ,the third time1 when melting1 add two ounces of pure silver4 ,,imitation ,,gold4--,four ounces of ,platina1 three ounces of ,silver1 one ounce of ,copper4 ,,oroide ,,gold4--,the best article is made by compounding four parts pure ,copper1 one and three-fourths part pure ,zinc1 one-fourth part ,magnesia1 one-tenth part ,sal-,ammoniac1 one-twelfth part ,quick ,lime1 and one part ,cream ,tartar4 ,melt the ,copper first1 then add as rapidly as possible the other articles in the order named4 ,,how ,,to ,,increase ,,the ,,weight ,,of ,,gold4--,take your bar of ,gold and rub it long and carefully with thin ,silver1 until the ,gold absorbs the quantity of ,silver that you require4 ,then prepare a strong solution of ,brimstone and ,quicklime4 ,now put the ,gold into a vessel with a wide mouth4 ,now let them boil until the ,gold attains the right color1 and you have it1 but do not use this knowledge for an ill purpose4 ,,mason',s ,,frozen ,,perfume4--,this perfume is in a solid1 transparent form1 and by rubbing on the handkerchief it imparts an exquisite perfume2 by carrying it in the pocket it perfumes the entire wearing apparel2 by keeping it in a drawer or box all articles therein obtain the benefits of this perfume4 ,solidified perfumes are superior to all liquid1 as they cannot spill or waste in any manner1 but will last for years4 ,perhaps no article of luxury had such a sale as this1 and as the sales have steadily increased since its introduction1 no other proof of its excellence is needed4 ,,freezing ,,mixture4--,take four parts ,nitric ,acid1 six parts ,nitrate ,ammonia1 and nine parts phosphate of ,soda4 ,having first prepared a vessel of galvanized iron four inches wide1 twenty-four inches long1 and twelve inches deep1 have it a little wider at the top than at the bottom4 ,now make another vessel eight inches wide1 twenty-eight inches long and fourteen inches high4 ,put the small vessel inside the larger one1 fill the small one nearly full of as cool water as you can procure1 put the freezing mixture in the large vessel around the smaller one1 set this in as cool a place as possible4 ,if you will have a faucet at the lower edge of the larger vessel and first fill the large vessel with the following it will greatly assist in freezing4 ,equal parts of ,sal-,ammonia and ,nitre dissolved in its own weight of water4 ,in ten to fifteen minutes pour this off and put in the freezing mixture4 ,,note4--,i have used the above description of a vessel to give you an idea of how to operate4 ,any sized vessel made in the same proportion will work as well4 ,,improved ,,troy ,,starch ,,enamel4--,melt five pounds of ,refined ,paraffine ,wax in a tin boiler or pan over a slow fire2 use care in melting4 ,when melted remove the vessel from the fire and add #bjj drops of ,oil of ,citronelli4 ,take some new round tin pie pans1 and oil them with sweet oil as you would for pie baking1 but do not use lard4 ,put these pans on a level table1 and pour in enough of the hot wax to make a depth in each pan equal to about the thickness of one-eighth of an inch4 ,while hot1 glance over the pans to see that they are level4 ,as this is very essential1 please remember it4 ,if the pans are not level1 the cakes will be all thicknesses1 which should not be so4 ,then let them cool1 but not too fast4 ,watch them closely1 and have a tin stamp ready to stamp the cakes out about the size of an ordinary candy lozenge4 ,this stamp should be about eight inches long1 larger at the top than at the bottom1 so that the cakes can pass up through the stamp as you are cutting them out of the pans4 ,lay the cakes in another pan to cool4 ,before they become very hard1 separate them from each other2 if not1 it will be difficult to do so when they become very hard4 ,do not neglect this4 ,have boxes made at any paper box maker's in any large city4 ,they cost about from one to two cents each2 sliding boxes are the best4 ,have your labels printed1 and commence business at once4 ,put #bd to #cj cakes in each box1 and retail for #be cents4 ,wholesale for #a4ej per dozen4 ,directions for ,use4--,to a pint of boiling starch stir in one cake or tablet4 ,this gives an excellent lustre to linen or muslin1 and imparts a splendid perfume to the clothes1 and makes the iron pass very smoothly over the surface4 ,it requires but half the ordinary labor to do an ironing4 ,it is admired by every lady4 ,it prevents the iron from adhering to the surface1 and the clothes remain clean and neat much longer than by any other method4 ,,brilliant ,,self-,,shining ,,stove ,,polish4--,this is one of the greatest inventions of the age4 ,it has been the result of a large amount of study on the part of the inventor to perfect a polish that would work easily and satisfactorily in a perfect dry state1 thereby obviating the disagreeable task of mixing and preparing4 ,a good stove polish is an absolute necessity in every family4 ,it is only a question1 then1 of offering the best to make a sale4 ,to prove that this polish is the best is an easy task4 ,all you have to do is to have a box open and a piece of rag to begin operations4 ,you now approach the stove and apply the polish4 ,the result will be so startlingly beautiful that no further words will be necessary4 ,if the stove is not convenient1 anything will do to experiment with4 ,you can produce on a piece of wood1 a scrap of paper or a potato1 a lustre equal to a burnished mirror4 ,now make the following points just as strong as you can3 ,that this polish requires no water or mixing like the various cake or powder polishes4 #b4 ,that it is self-shining and no labor is required4 #c4 ,that no dust or smell of any kind rises from its use4 ,and1 lastly1 that it has no equal in the world4 ,,recipe4--,take ,plumbago 7,black ,lead7 finely pulverized1 and put in two ounce wood boxes1 nicely labeled1 and sell for ten or fifteen cents a box4 ,wholesale to stores and agents at #f4jj a hundred4 ,costs less than three cents a box to manufacture4 ,directions for ,use4--,use a damp woolen rag1 dip in the box1 and apply to the stove4 ,then polish with a dry cloth1 and a most beautiful polish will appear4 ,,to ,,frost ,,window ,,panes4--,take ,epsom ,salts and dissolve in beer4 ,apply with a brush and you have the finest window frosting known4 ,,the ,,housekeeper',s ,,friend1 or ,,electric ,,powder4--,this is one of the most salable articles of the day and staple as flour--something that every housekeeper will buy4 ,it is used for gold and silver plated ware1 ,german silver1 brass1 copper1 glass1 tin1 steel1 or any material where a brilliant lustre is required4 ,is put up in two ounce wood boxes1 costs three cents to manufacture1 sells at retail for #be cents1 to agents and stores for #ab4jj per #ajj boxes4 ,,recipe4--,to four pounds best quality ,whiting1 add one-half pound ,cream ,tartar and three ounces ,calcined ,magnesia2 mix thoroughly together1 box and label4 ,directions4--,use the polish dry with a piece of chamois skin or ,canton flannel1 previously moistened with water or alcohol1 and finish with the polish dry4 ,a few moments' rubbing will develop a surprising lustre1 different from the polish produced by any other substance4 ,,recipe4--,follow the same directions as in ,starch ,enamel1 and perfume as follows3 ,take two ounces ,oil ,lemon ,grass and one-half ounce ,oil of ,cloves1 and one-fourth ounce ,oil of ,lavender flowers2 mix them well together4 ,for this amount of perfume you require about four quarts of the liquid paraffine4 ,pour the oils into the melted paraffine while warm1 stirring it well while pouring4 ,stamp into square cakes and put into neatly printed envelopes4 ,sell for ten cents a cake1 cost two cents4 ,agents can sell #ajj cakes a day4 ,,the ,,lightning ,,ink ,,eraser4--,the great ,lightning ,ink ,eraser may be used instead of a knife or scraper for erasing in order to rectify a mistake or clean off a blot1 without injury to the paper1 leaving the paper as clean and good to write upon as it was before the blot or mistake was made1 and without injury to the printer's ink upon any printed form or ruling upon any first-class paper4 ,take of ,chloride of ,lime one pound1 thoroughly pulverized1 and four quarts of ,soft ,water4 ,the above must be thoroughly shaken when first put together4 ,it is required to stand twenty-four hours to dissolve the ,chloride of ,lime4 ,then strain through a cotton cloth1 after which add a teaspoonful of ,acetic ,acid 7,no4 #h commercial7 to every ounce of ,chloride of ,lime ,water4 ,the eraser is used by reversing the penholder in the hand1 dipping the end in the fluid1 and applying it1 without rubbing1 to the blot to be erased4 ,when the ink has disappeared1 absorb the fluid into a blotter1 and the paper is immediately ready to write upon4 ,put up in common ink bottles and retail for #be cents each4 ,,the ,,magic ,,annihilator4--,to make one gross eight-ounce bottles--aqua ammonia one gallon1 soft water eight gallons1 best white soap four pounds1 saltpetre eight ounces4 ,shave the soap fine1 add the water1 boil until the soap is dissolved1 let it get cold1 then add the saltpetre1 stirring until dissolved4 ,now strain1 let the suds settle1 skim off the dry suds1 add the ammonia1 bottle and cork at once4 ,cost about #g4be per gross2 sells for #gb4jj4 ,it will do everything claimed for it and more1 too4 ,it is no mixture of soap suds as some may suppose1 but a pure scientific1 chemical preparation4 ,if you wish to make a small quantity for trial1 take aqua ammonia two ounces1 soft water one quart1 saltpetre one teaspoonful4 ,shave the soap fine1 mix all1 shake well1 and let settle a day or two to dissolve the soap4 ,what ,it ,will ,do4--,it will remove all kinds of grease and oil spots from every variety of wearing apparel1 such as coats1 pants1 vests1 dress goods1 carpets1 etc41 without injury to the finest silks or laces4 ,it will shampoo like a charm1 raising the lather in proportion to the amount of dandruff and grease in the hair4 ,a cloth wet with it will remove all grease from door-knobs1 window sills1 etc41 handled by kitchen domestics in their daily routine of kitchen work4 ,it will remove paint from a board1 ,i care not how hard or dry it is1 if oil is used in the paint1 yet it will not injure the finest textures4 ,its chemical action is such that it turns any oil or grease into soap1 which is easily washed out with clear cold water4 ,for cleaning silver1 brass and copper ware it can't be beat4 ,it is certain death to bed bugs1 for they will never stop after they have encountered the ,magic ,annihilator4 ,directions for ,use4--,for grease spots1 pour upon the article to be cleaned a sufficient quantity of the ,magic ,annihilator rubbing well with a clean sponge1 and applying to both sides of the article you are cleaning4 ,upon carpets and coarse goods1 where the grease is hard and dry1 use a stiff brush and wash out with clear cold water4 ,apply again if necessary4 ,one application is all that is needed for any fresh grease spots1 but for old or dried a second may be required4 ,for shampooing take a small quantity of the ,magic ,annihilator with an equal quantity of water1 apply to the hair with a stiff brush1 brushing into the pores of the scalp1 and wash out with clear water4 ,you will be surprised at the silk gloss of your hair4 ,for cleaning silver ware1 etc41 buy five cents' worth of whitening1 mix a small quantity with the magic annihilator1 and apply with a rag1 rubbing briskly4 ,for killing bed bugs1 apply to the places they frequent1 and they will leave in short order4 ,you will find it useful in many other ways4 7,see price list of labels47 ,,chapter ,,ix4 ,,miscellaneous ,,department4 ,,fire-,,proof ,,paint4--,take a sufficient quantity of ,water for use2 add as much ,potash as can be dissolved therein4 ,when the water will dissolve no more ,potash1 stir into the solution first1 a quantity of flour paste of consistency of painter's size2 second a sufficiency of pure clay to render it of the consistency of cream4 ,apply with a painter's brush4 ,n4,b4--,the above will admit of any coloring you please4 ,,water-,,proof ,,and ,,fire-,,proof ,,cement ,,for ,,roofs ,,of ,,houses4--,slack ,stone ,lime in a large tub or barrel with boiling water1 covering the tub or barrel to keep in the steam4 ,when thus slacked pass six quarts through a fine sieve4 ,it will then be in a state of fine flour4 ,to this add one quart ,rock ,salt and one gallon of ,water4 ,boil the mixture and skim it clean4 ,to every five gallons of this skimmed mixture add one pound of ,alum and one-half pound ,copperas2 by slow degrees add three-fourths pound ,potash and four quarts fine ,sand or ,wood ,ashes sifted4 ,both of the above will admit of any coloring you please4 ,it looks better than paint and is as durable as slate4 ,,paint ,,for ,,rough ,,woodwork4--,six pounds melted ,pitch1 one pound ,linseed ,oil1 and one pound ,yellow ,ochre4 ,,superior ,,paint ,,for ,,brick ,,houses--,to ,lime ,whitewash add1 for a fastener1 ,sulphate of ,zinc1 and shade with any color you choose1 as ,yellow ,ochre1 ,venetian ,red1 etc4 ,it outlasts oil paint4 ,,art ,,of ,,etching ,,on ,,copper4--,having obtained a piece of fine ,copper1 which will be well polished1 make a mixture of ,beeswax and a small quantity of ,resin2 melt these together1 and when thoroughly incorporated by stirring1 take a camel's hair brush and cover the plate1 which must previously be warmed by the fire1 with an even coating of the mixture4 ,when the mixture becomes hardened upon the plate1 sketch the desired object upon the surface1 then take an etching point1 a large needle fixed in a handle will do1 and cut through the wax to the surface of the copper1 taking care to make the lines as distinct as possible4 ,this being done1 raise a border of wax all around the plate1 then pour strong ,nitric ,acid on the plate to the depth of an inch4 ,the ,acid will eat away the copper in those places which have been bared by the etching point4 ,from time to time pour off the acid and wash the plate to see how the work is going on4 ,stop up with wax those places that appear to be etched deep enough1 pour ,acid upon the others1 and let it remain until the process is completed4 ,this done1 melt off the wax clean the plate1 and the etching is ready for the press4 ,this is an employment from which a good remuneration may be derived4 ,,mahogany ,,furniture ,,varnish4--,take of ,proof ,alcohol one quart1 cut therein all the ,gum ,shellac it will take1 add two ounces of ,venice ,turpentine1 and coloring to suit4 ,this makes a beautiful polish and will wear for years4 ,,water-,,proof ,,for ,,leather4--,take ,linseed ,oil one pint1 ,yellow ,wax and ,white ,turpentine each two ounces1 ,burgundy ,pitch two ounces1 melt and color with ,lamp ,black4 ,,to ,,take ,,stains ,,out ,,of ,,mahogany4--,mix ,spirits of ,salts six parts1 ,salt of ,lemons one part1 then drop a little on the stains1 and rub them till they disappear4 ,,cements4--,cements of various kinds should be kept for occasional use4 ,flour paste answers very well for slight purposes2 if required stronger than usual1 boil a little ,glue or put some powdered ,resin in it4 ,white of ,egg1 or a solution of ,glue and a strong ,gum ,water are good cements4 ,a paste made of ,linseed ,meal dries very hard and adheres firmly4 ,a soft cement is made of ,yellow ,wax1 melted with its weight of ,turpentine1 and a little ,venetian ,red to give it color4 ,this when cool is as hard as soap1 and is very useful to stop up cracks1 and is better to cover the corks of bottles than sealing wax or hard cement4 ,the best cement for broken china or glass is that sold under the name of ,diamond cement2 it is colorless and resists moisture4 ,this is made by soaking ,isinglass in water until it is soft1 and then dissolving it in ,proof ,spirits2 add to this a little ,gum ,ammoniac or ,galbonam or ,mastic1 both dissolved in as little ,alcohol as possible4 ,when the cement is to be used1 it must be gently liquified by placing the vial containing it in boiling water4 ,the vial must be well closed with a good cork1 not glass stopper1 as they become forced4 ,it is applied to the broken edges by a camel's hair pencil4 ,when objects are not to be exposed to the moisture1 the ,white of an ,egg alone is mixed with finely powdered ,quicklime1 will answer very well2 ,shellac dissolved in water is better4 ,a very strong cement for all earthenware is made by boiling slices of ,skim-,milk ,cheese and ,water into a paste1 then grinding the ,quicklime in a marble mortar1 or on a slab with a mallet4 ,,to ,,mend ,,iron4--,mix finely some sifted ,lime with the ,white of an ,egg till a thin sort of paste is formed1 then add some ,iron ,filings4 ,apply this to the fracture and the vessel will be found nearly as sound as ever4 ,,patent ,,glue4--,one pound fine ,isinglass and one pint ,rain ,water1 boil and prepare an ordinary glue1 then add slowly1 stirring continually1 two ounces ,nitric ,acid1 bottle and it is fit for use4 ,it will permanently adhere to wood1 leather1 paper and everything else4 ,it sells for twenty-five cents an ounce2 by keeping it secret ,spaulding has made a fortune out of it2 read his advertisement4 ,truly it is a young fortune to a good peddler4 ,,patent ,,blacking4--,one gallon ,alcohol1 one ounce ,sulphuric ,acid1 one and one-half pounds ,gum ,shellac2 let stand #dh hours1 then add one-fourth pound of ,ivory ,black4 ,let stand #bd hours1 then carefully pour off the top4 ,this is ready for use and is water-proof4 ,this recipe cost #ej2 is for the polish of all leather4 ,it sells in four ounce bottles at #a per bottle4 ,,stencil ,,cutting4--,take a thin copper or brass plate1 lay flat on the side1 then take a sharp edged steel1 write thereon the same as common writing1 but press sufficiently hard to cut through the plate4 ,to mark1 lay the plate thus cut upon the cloth1 and apply ink by means of a brush to the back of the plate1 and it will wet the cloth where the cut is made by the writing4 ,a little practice will enable a person to cut beautifully4 ,there is money to be made at this4 ,some make #aj a day4 ,,glue ,,for ,,cementing ,,paper ,,and ,,leather4--,take ,isinglass and ,parchment each one ounce1 ,sugar ,candy and ,gum ,tragacanth each two drachms1 add to them one ounce ,water1 and boil the whole together till the mixture appears 7when cold7 of the consistency of ,glue2 then pour it into any form you please4 ,if this glue be wet with the tongue1 and rubbed on the edge of paper1 silk or leather that are to be cemented1 they will1 on being laid together1 pressed tightly and suffered to dry1 be as firmly united as other parts of the substance4 ,it is fine to seal letters4 ,,new ,,england ,,soap4--,take three pounds of hard1 white soap1 shave it up fine1 dissolve it in ten quarts boiling water2 add one ounce ,salts of ,tartar1 three ounces ,borax2 then take the same from the fire and set it away to cool2 as soon as it becomes cool enough to bear your hand in1 add one ounce liquid ,ammonia2 stir each article as you put it in4 ,,to ,,harden ,,wood4--,one often desires to impart the hardness of ,oak to shutters1 doors1 etc41 made of soft wood4 ,this is easily done by giving them a first coating of common gray paint1 and then sifting some very fine sand over it4 ,when dry a coat of paint is laid on1 after which the surface becomes so hard that it will resist the action of sun and rain1 for many years without undergoing the slightest alteration4 ,,washing ,,fluid4--,two pounds crude ,potash1 one ounce ,sal ,ammoniac1 one-half ounce ,saltpetre1 two gallons ,rain ,water1 one pint for eight gallons of ,water1 and one pound ,soap4 ,put the clothes to soak over night and rinse in the morning4 ,this has been sold for #e for some time4 ,,liquid ,,cement4--,cut ,gum ,shellac in #gj per cent ,alcohol1 put it in vials1 and it is ready for use4 ,apply it to the edge of the broken dish with a feather1 and hold it in a spirit lamp as long as the cement will simmer1 then join together evenly1 and when cold the dish will break in another place first1 and is as strong as new4 ,,to ,,clean ,,wine ,,decanters4--,use a little ,pearl ,ash or ,soda1 and some ,cinders and ,water4 ,rinse them out with water4 ,,to ,,clean ,,china4--,use a little of ,fuller's ,earth and ,soda or ,pearl ,ash with ,water4 ,,burning ,,fluid4--,four quarts ,alcohol1 one pint ,spirits of ,turpentine2 mix well4 ,it is the best in use4 ,,fly ,,poison4--,sugar half ounce1 half ounce thoroughly ground ,black ,pepper4 ,make it to thin paste and place it on paper where the flies do congregate4 ,,furniture ,,polish4--,best ,vinegar one pint1 ,turpentine half pint4 ,mix and apply with a brush4 ,,patent ,,soap4--,half pint ,turpentine1 three pints ,sal ,soda1 three pounds grease1 two pounds ,resin ,soap1 forty gallons ,water4 ,boil one hour and it is fit for use4 ,this is a great soap4 ,keep it to yourself4 ,,rat1 ,,mouse ,,and ,,roach ,,exterminator4--,one pint ,alcohol1 one-fourth ounce ,cayenne ,pepper1 one ounce powdered ,anise ,seed1 one-fourth ounce ,saltpetre1 one-fourth ounce ,white ,lead1 four ounces ,essence of ,hops4 ,steam this slowly for an hour1 then add thirty drops ,quassia4 ,let stand #dh hours1 and add one gallon of ,water2 bottle for use4 ,to use1 saturate bread1 meat1 etc41 and lay it in their frequented places4 ,in two nights not one will be seen4 ,it sells for #a4jj per #d-ounce bottle2 or drive them away yourself for #e a farm or #b a house4 ,,to ,,clean ,,britiannia ,,ware4--,britiannia ware should be washed with a woolen cloth and sweet oil1 then washed in water and suds1 and rubbed with soft leather and whiting4 ,thus treated it will retain its beauty to the last4 ,,the ,,art ,,of ,,painting ,,glass4--,the only difference between ordinary painting and painting on glass is1 that in the latter all transparent colors are used instead of opaque ones and the color is ground up with ,turpentine and ,varnish instead of ,oil4 ,in painting upon glass it is necessary to place the picture between the artist and the light to enable him to see the effect1 the light having the property of casting a yellowish tinge upon all colors so exposed4 ,to persons having a knowledge of coloring1 this art is easily learned1 and affords a handsome remuneration4 ,,oil ,,paste ,,for ,,blacking ,,boots ,,and ,,shoes4--,two ounces ,oil of ,vitriol1 four ounces ,tanner's ,oil1 mix and let stand forty-eight hours1 then add five ounces ,molasses and one pound ,ivory ,black2 stir well and then put up for sale4 ,this has been the fortune of ,mason1 of ,philadelphia4 ,,crystal ,,cement4--,dissolve one pound of ,white ,glue in one and one-half pints of hot water1 then cut one ounce ,gum ,shellac in one and one-half pints ,alcohol1 and mix with the glue1 then stir in two ounces of dry ,white ,lead1 and add one ounce of ,turpentine4 ,this makes the best cement of anything that has been discovered4 ,it will stand heat1 and articles will break in another place sooner than where put together4 ,this is a fortune to an enterprising man4 ,,for ,,cleaning ,,marble4--,muriatic ,acid two lbs41 ,acetic ,acid one-half lb41 ,verdigris one-quarter ounce4 ,mix and apply with a brush4 ,wash the stone after with sponge and water4 ,after the stone is clean rub it smooth with ,pumice ,stone1 keeping it wet with water4 ,after some little practice you can clean an old1 dirty tombstone so that a marble cutter cannot detect it from being new work4 ,a ,,new ,,art1 ,,or ,,the ,,lightning ,,interest ,,rules4--,reduce the whole time to months and set it down in figures2 divide the number of days by three1 and set the quotient down to the right of the months1 and multiply that by the quotient of the money divided by two2 the answer will be the interest at six per cent4 ,to change to any other rate1 multiply the interest by it and divide by six4 #afj--one year1 seven months1 twenty-one days1 at six per cent4 #afj--b--hj x #aig--ae4gf at #f4 ,parties in ,new ,york are teaching this rule at #e a scholar4 ,,bottle ,,wax4--,black4--,black ,resin six and one-half pounds1 ,beeswax one-half pound1 finely powdered ,ivory ,black one and one-half pounds4 ,melt together4 ,red4--,as the last1 but substitute ,venetian ,red or ,red ,lead for the ,ivory ,black4 ,,liquid ,,mucilage4--,fine clean ,glue one pound1 ,gum ,arabic ten ounces1 ,water one quart4 ,melt by heat in glue kettle or water bath2 when entirely melted1 add slowly ten ounces strong ,nitric ,acid1 set off to cool4 ,then bottle1 adding a couple of cloves to each bottle4 ,,bluing ,,for ,,clothes4--,take one ounce of soft ,prussian ,blue1 powder it and put in a bottle with a quart of clear ,rainwater1 and add one-fourth ounce of ,oxalic ,acid4 ,a teaspoonful is sufficient for a large washing4 ,,swain',s ,,vermifuge4--,wormseed two ounces1 ,valerian1 ,rhubarb1 ,pink-,root1 ,white ,agaric1 of each one and one-fourth ounces4 ,boil in sufficient water to yield three quarts of decoction and add to it #cj drops of ,oil of ,tansy and #de drops of ,oil of ,cloves2 dissolve in a quart of rectified spirits4 ,dose one tablespoonful at night4 ,,to ,,make ,,pads4--,a piece of fine ,woolen ,cloth saturated with ink1 makes an excellent pad1 but it is customary to place sheet cotton underneath and muslin over the cloth1 bringing the muslin down around the edges and fasten by tacking on a binding of ,tin or ,morocco ,leather strips4 ,,to ,,make ,,wax ,,flowers4--,the following articles will be required to commence wax work3 two pounds ,white ,wax1 one-fourth pound ,hair ,wire1 one bottle ,carmine1 one ,ultramarine ,blue1 one bottle ,chrome ,yellow1 two bottles ,chrome ,green1 ,no4 #a1 two bottles ,chrome ,green ,no4 #b1 one bottle each of ,rose ,pink1 ,royal ,purple1 ,scarlet ,powder and ,balsam ,fir1 two dozen sheets ,white ,wax4 ,this will do to begin with4 ,now have a clean tin dish1 and pour therein a quart or two of water2 then put in about one pound of the ,white ,wax1 and let it boil4 ,when cool enough1 so the bubbles will not form on top1 it is ready to sheet1 which is done as follows3 ,take half a window pane1 #gx#i1 and after having washed it clean dip into a dish containing weak soap-suds2 then dip into the ,wax1 and draw out steadily1 and plunge it into the suds1 when the sheet will readily come off4 ,lay it on a cloth or clean paper to dry4 ,proceed in like manner until you have enough of the white2 then add enough of the green powder to make a bright color1 and heat and stir thoroughly until the color is evenly distributed1 then proceed as for sheeting white wax4 ,the other colors are rubbed into the leaves after they are cut out1 rubbing light or heavy according to shade4 ,for patterns you can use any natural leaf1 forming the creases in wax with thumb nail or needle4 ,to put the flowers together1 or the leaves on the stem1 hold in the hand until warm enough to stick4 ,if the sheeted wax is to be used in summer1 put in a little ,balsam of ,fir to make it hard4 ,if for winter1 none will be required4 ,you can make many flowers without a teacher1 but one to assist in the commencement would be a great help1 though the most particular thing about it is to get the wax sheeted4 ,the materials ,i have suggested can be procured at any drug store1 and will cost from #c4jj to #d4ej4 ,,portable ,,lemonade4--,tartaric ,acid one ounce1 ,white ,sugar two pounds1 ,essense of ,lemon one-fourth ounce2 powder and keep dry for use4 ,one dessert spoonful will make a glass of lemonade4 ,,to ,,neutralize ,,whisky ,,to ,,make ,,various ,,liquors4--,to forty gallons of ,whisky add one and one-half pounds unslacked ,lime1 three-fourths of a pound of ,alum1 and one-half pint ,spirits of ,nitre4 ,stand twenty-four hours and draw it off4 ,,madeira ,,wine4--,to four gallons prepared ,cider1 add one-fourth pound ,tartaric ,acid1 four gallons of ,spirits1 three pounds ,loaf ,sugar4 ,let stand ten days1 draw it off carefully4 ,fine it down1 and again rack it in another cask4 ,,sherry ,,wine4--,to forty gallons prepared ,cider add two gallons ,spirits1 three pounds of ,raisins1 six gallons good ,sherry and one-half ounce ,oil of ,bitter ,almonds1 dissolved in ,alcohol4 ,let it stand ten days1 draw it off carefully4 ,fine it down1 and again rack it in another cask4 ,,artificial ,,honey4--,take eight pounds of ,white ,sugar1 add two quarts of ,water1 boil four minutes1 then add one pound of ,bee's ,honey4 ,strain while hot4 ,flavor with a drop of ,oil of ,peppermint and a drop of the ,oil of ,rose4 ,,port ,,wine4--,to forty gallons prepared ,cider add six gallons good ,port ,wine1 ten quarts ,wild ,grapes1 clusters1 one-half pound bruised ,rhatany ,root1 three ounces ,tincture of ,kino1 three pounds ,loaf ,sugar1 two gallons ,spirits4 ,let this stand ten days4 ,color1 if too light with ,tincture of ,rhatany1 then rack it off and fine it4 ,this should be repeated until the color is perfect and the liquid clear4 ,,cleaning ,,compound4--,mix one ounce of ,borax and one ounce ,gum ,camphor with one quart of boiling water4 ,when cool add one pint of ,alcohol1 bottle and cork tightly4 ,when wanted for use1 shake well and sponge the garments to be cleaned4 ,this is an excellent mixture for cleaning soiled black cashmere and woolen dresses1 coat collars and black felt hats4 ,,shaving ,,soap4--,good white ,soap in fine shavings1 three pounds2 ,balm ,soap1 one pound2 ,soft ,water1 three-fourths of a pound2 ,soda1 one ounce4 ,melt carefully over a slow fire in an earthen vessel2 then add ,oil of ,lavender sixty drops1 ,oil of ,lemon forty drops2 mix well and make into forms4 ,,leather ,,cement4--,take ,gutta ,percha cut in ,chloroform to right consistency for use4 ,equal to ,cook's best for putting patches on leather1 cloth shoes or boots4 ,well worth #ajj4 ,,to ,,fasten ,,paper ,,to ,,tin4--,take good clear pale yellow ,glue1 break it into rather small pieces1 and let it soak a few hours in cold water4 ,pour off the supernatant water1 place the glue thus softened in a wide-mouthed bottle2 add sufficient ,glacial ,acid to cover the ,glue1 and facilitate the solution by standing the bottle in warm water4 ,this ,acetic will stick almost anything4 ,,hunters' ,,and ,,trapper',s ,,secret4--,take equal parts of ,oil of ,rhodium1 ,anise ,oil1 ,sweet ,oil and ,honey1 and mix well4 ,put a few drops on any kind of bait4 ,for musk-rats use sweet apples or vegetables for bait4 ,for mink use a chicken's head or a piece of fresh meat4 ,,fire ,,kindlers--,to make very nice fire kindlers take ,resin1 any quantity1 and melt it1 putting in for each pound being used two or three ounces or ,tallow1 and when all is hot stir in ,pine ,sawdust to make very thick1 and while very hot spread it out about one inch thick1 upon boards which have fine ,sawdust sprinkled upon them to prevent it from sticking4 ,when cold break up into lumps about an inch square4 ,but if for sale take a thin board and press upon it while yet warm1 to lay it off into inch squares4 ,this makes it break regularly1 if you press the crease sufficiently deep4 ,grease the marked board to prevent it sticking4 ,,red ,,sealing ,,wax4--,purchase four pounds ,shellac1 one and one-half pounds ,veneer ,turpentine1 three pounds finest ,cinnabar1 and four ounces ,venetian2 mix the whole well together and melt over a very slow fire4 ,pour it on a thick1 smooth glass1 or any other flat smooth surface1 and make it into three1 six or ten sticks4 ,,furniture ,,polish4--,equal parts ,sweet ,oil and ,vinegar and a pint of ,gum ,arabic finely powdered4 ,shake the bottle and apply with a rag4 ,it will make furniture look as good as new4 ,,black ,,sealing ,,wax4--,purchase the best ,black ,resin three pounds1 ,beeswax one-half pound1 and finely powdered ,ivory ,black one pound4 ,melt the whole together over a slow fire1 and make it into sticks4 ,,cement ,,for ,,leather4--,virgin ,india ,rubber dissolved in ,bisulphide of ,carbon4 ,add ,bisulphide until of proper consistency to apply4 ,after applying hold a moderately warm iron over the patch4 ,,aromatic ,,schiedam ,,schnapps1 to imitate4--,to twenty-five gallons good common ,gin1 five over proof1 add fifteen pints strained ,honey1 two gallons clear ,water1 five pints ,white ,sugar ,syrup1 five pints ,spirits of ,nutmeg1 mixed with ,nitric ,ether1 five pints ,orange ,flower ,water1 seven quarts pure ,water1 one ounce ,acetic ,ether1 eight drops ,oil of ,wintergreen dissolved with the ,acetic ,ether4 ,mix all the ingredients well2 if necessary1 fine with ,alum and ,salt of ,tartar4 ,,champagne ,,cider4--,good ,cider1 pale1 one hogshead1 ,spirits three gallons1 ,honey or ,sugar twenty pounds4 ,mix and let them stand for two weeks2 then fine with skimmed ,milk one-half gallon4 ,this will be very pale1 and a similar article1 when bottled in champagne bottles and silvered and labeled1 has often been sold to the ignorant for champagne4 ,,cider ,,without ,,apples4--,to one gallon of cold ,water add dark brown ,sugar one pound1 ,tartaric ,acid one-half ounce1 ,yeast three tablespoonfuls4 ,shake well together4 ,,st4 ,,croix ,,rum4--,to forty gallons p4 or n4 ,spirits add two gallons ,st4 ,croix ,rum1 two ounces ,acetic ,acid1 one and one-half ounces ,butyric ,acid1 three pounds ,loaf ,sugar4 ,,irish ,,or ,,scotch ,,whisky4--,to forty gallons proof ,spirits add sixty drops ,creosote dissolved in one quart of ,alcohol1 two ounces ,acetic ,acid1 one pound ,loaf ,sugar4 ,stand forty-eight hours4 ,,french ,,brandy4--,pure ,spirits one gallon1 best ,french ,brandy for any kind you wish to imitate1 one quart1 ,loaf ,sugar two ounces1 ,sweet ,spirits ,nitre one-half ounce1 a few drops of ,tincture of ,catechu or ,oak ,bark1 to roughen the taste1 if desired1 and color to suit4 ,,english ,,gin4--,plain ,malt ,spirits one hundred gallons1 ,spirits of ,turpentine one pint1 ,bay ,salt seven pounds4 ,mix and distill4 ,the difference in the flavor of ,gin is produced by varying the proportion of ,turpentine1 and by occasionally adding a small quantity of ,juniper ,berries4 ,,french ,,furniture ,,polish4--,alcohol #ih per cent one pint1 ,gum ,copal and ,shellac of each one ounce1 ,dragon's ,blood4 ,mix and dissolve by setting in a warm place4 ,,to ,,take ,,fac-,,similes ,,of ,,signatures4--,write your name on a piece of paper1 and while the ink is wet sprinkle over it some finely powdered ,gum ,arabic1 then make a rim around it and pour on it some ,fusible ,alloy in a liquid state4 ,impressions may be taken from the plates formed in this way by means of printing ink and a copperplate press4 ,,chemical ,,compound4--,aqua ,ammonia two ounces1 soft ,water one quart1 ,saltpetre one teaspoonful1 ,shaving ,soap in shavings one ounce4 ,mix all together4 ,dissolve the ,soap well1 and any grease or dirt that cannot be removed with this preparation nothing else need be tried for it4 ,,distilling ,,whisky ,,from ,,molasses4--,take five gallons of ,molasses1 mix thoroughly with twenty-five gallons soft ,water in a barrel4 ,stir in one-half gallon ,brewer's ,yeast2 let it set from five to seven days in a warm place1 say #gj degrees4 ,during this time fermentation will proceed1 which is known by a bubbling sensation4 ,when this subsides it is ready for distilling4 ,to distill use a common washing boiler1 with the top well closed and a hole in the same1 or thimble soldered on for the steam to pass through a pipe4 ,connect a tin pipe1 say two inches in diameter and ten feet long with a short elbow end to the boiler2 let the other end incline downward4 ,fill the boiler one-half full of the fermented wort1 boil slowly and regularly until there is no taste of spirits left4 ,the atmosphere condenses the steam4 ,in this case if it should not entirely condense it lengthen or enlarge the pipe4 ,the liquid thus obtained is low wines1 and to use the same process of running proof spirits can be obtained4 ,to continue this daily any given amount of molasses1 etc41 can be mixed1 say one barrel each day4 ,five quarts can be obtained from four quarts of common molasses4 ,intoxicating liquors of any and all kinds are the father of crime1 the mother of abomination1 the devil's best friend1 and ,god's worst enemy4 ,,ink ,,powder4--,powdered ,nut ,galls four ounces1 ,copperas three ounces1 ,logwood one ounce1 ,gum ,arabic one-half ounce4 ,sufficient for one quart of water4 ,,florida ,,water4--,dissolve in one-half gallon of #ij per cent ,alcohol1 one ounce each of ,oil of ,lavender1 ,oil of ,bergamot and ,oil of ,lemon and ,oil of ,cloves and ,cinnamon1 one drachm each2 add one gallon of ,water and filter4 ,,molasses ,,candy4--,boil ,molasses over a moderately hot fire1 stirring constantly4 ,when you think it is done drop a little on a plate1 and if sufficiently boiled it will be hard4 ,add a small quantity of ,vinegar to render it brittle and any flavoring ingredient you prefer4 ,pour in buttered tin pans4 ,if nuts are to be added strew them in the pans before pouring out the candy4 ,,to ,,make ,,eggs ,,of ,,pharaoh',s ,,serpents4--,take ,mercury and dissolve it in moderately diluted ,nitric ,acid by means of heat1 take care1 however1 that there be always an excess of ,metallic ,mercury remaining4 ,decant the solution and pour it in a solution of ,sulphocyanide of ,ammonia or ,potassium1 which may be bought at a good drug store or of a dealer in chemicals4 ,equal weights of both will answer4 ,a precipitate will fall to the bottom of the beaker or jar1 which is to be collected on a filter1 and washed two or three times with water1 when it is put in a warm place to dry4 ,take for every pound of this material one ounce of ,gum ,tragacanth1 which has been soaked in hot water4 ,when the gum is completely softened1 it is to be transferred to a mortar1 and then pulverized and dried precipitate gradually mixed with it1 by means of a little water1 so as to present a somewhat dried pill mass1 from which1 by hand1 pellets of the desired size are formed1 put on a piece of glass1 and dried again4 ,they are then ready for use4 ,,boot ,,and ,,shoe ,,blacking4--,ivory ,black one pound1 ,molasses two ounces1 ,olive ,oil four ounces1 ,oil of ,vitriol four ounces1 ,alcohol eight ounces1 ,rye ,flour one pound4 ,mix them together in a kettle4 ,,angler',s ,,secret ,,no4 #a4--,mix the juice of ,lovage or ,smellage1 or spoiled cheese1 with any kind of bait4 ,no4 #b4--,mullen ,seed pulverized and mixed with dough1 and sprinkled on the surface of still water1 intoxicates fish and makes them turn up on the top of the water4 ,,bristol',s ,,tooth ,,powder4--,prepared ,chalk one pound1 ,castile ,soap one-half pound1 powdered ,yellow ,bark two ounces1 powdered ,gum ,myrrh two ounces1 powdered ,loaf ,sugar two ounces1 powdered ,orris two ounces2 mix intimately1 after having first pulverized the ,castile ,soap4 ,,royal ,,washing ,,powder4--,mix any quantity of ,soda ,ash with an equal portion of ,carbonate of ,soda--ordinary ,soda--crushed into coarse grains4 ,have a thin solution of ,glue1 or decoction of ,linseed ,oil ready1 into which pour the ,soda until quite thick4 ,spread it out on boards in a warm apartment to dry4 ,as soon as dry1 shake up well1 so that it will pack easily into nice square packages4 ,label neatly4 ,pound packages cost seven cents2 retails for thirty-five cents4 ,,egyptian ,,cement4--,for mending china1 glass or woodenware3 ,take one pound of the best ,white ,glue1 one-half pound dry ,white ,lead1 one quart soft ,water1 one-half pint ,alcohol4 ,put the three first articles in a dish1 and that dish in a pot of boiling water4 ,let it boil until dissolved1 then add the ,alcohol1 and boil again until mixed4 ,a little ,camphor should be added1 to preserve it and disguise its composition4 ,put in small bottles2 #be cents each4 ,,handy ,,water ,,pens4--,take best quality violet ,analine1 reduce to a thick paste with water2 then add ,mucilage and mix thoroughly4 ,apply the paste thus made to the pen1 and let it dry twelve hours ,any steel pen may be prepared in this way4 ,we always keep in stock the best violet ,analine1 also a large stock of pens4 ,directions for ,using4--,start action by dipping into water up to filling4 ,if pen should be greasy1 wet point with the tongue4 ,to make the ink flow thick1 dip to the filling2 if wanted thin or pale1 dip only to the eye of the pen after starting4 ,after using throw the water off1 but don't wipe it1 for it will dry in a minute4 ,,artificial ,,oysters4--,grate green corn in a dish2 to one pint of this add one egg well beaten1 small teacup of flour1 half a cup of butter1 salt and pepper2 mix well together and fry them brown4 ,,paste ,,that ,,will ,,not ,,sour4--,dissolve one-half of an ounce of ,alum in a pint of boiling water1 add an equal weight of ,flour1 made smooth in a little cold water1 and a few drops of ,oil of ,cloves1 and let the whole come to a boil4 ,put it into glass or ointment jars4 ,it will keep for months4 ,,essences are made with one ounce of any given oil added to one pint of ,alcohol4 ,peppermint is colored with ,tincture ,turmeric1 ,cinnamon with ,tincture ,red ,saunders1 ,wintergreen with ,tincture ,kino4 ,,tinctures are made with one ounce of ,gum1 ,root1 or ,bark1 etc41 dried1 to each pint of proof spirits and let it stand one week and filter4 ,,oleomargarine ,,manufacture4--,the process by which suet is converted into the substance called oleamargarine is as follows3 ,the crude suet after first being washed in cold water is rendered1 melted1 and then drawn off into movable tanks4 ,the hard substance is subjected to a hydraulic pressure of #cej tons1 and the oil extracted4 ,the butter is made from the oil thus obtained1 while the hard substance remaining is disposed of as stearine4 ,the oil1 being carried off into churns1 is mixed with milk and from three to five per cent of dairy butter4 ,it is then drawn off in a consistent form1 and cooled with broken ice4 ,the latter is soon removed1 and the butter worked up with a small portion of salt4 ,when this is done the article is ready for packing and consumption4 ,,silver ,,plating ,,fluid4--,take one ounce ,precipitate ,silver to one-half ounce ,cyanite of ,potash and one-fourth ounce of ,hyposulphate of ,soda4 ,put all in a quart of water1 add a little ,whiting1 and shake before using4 ,apply with a soft rag4 ,put up in ounce bottles1 and retail for #be cents4 ,the secret is worth #ajj to an agent to sell to families4 ,,mucilage ,,for ,,labels4--,dextrine two ounces1 ,glycerine one drachm1 ,alcohol one ounce1 water six ounces4 ,,fig ,,candy4--,take one pound of ,sugar and one pint of ,water1 set over a slow fire4 ,when done add a few drops of ,vinegar and a lump of ,butter1 and pour into a pan in which ,figs are laid4 ,,raisin ,,candy4--,can be made in the same manner1 substituting stoned raisins for the ,figs4 ,common ,molasses ,candy is very nice with any kind of nuts added4 ,,peppermint1 ,,rose1 or ,,hoarhound ,,candy4--,these may be made as ,lemon ,candy4 ,flavor with ,essence of ,rose1 or ,peppermint1 or finely powdered ,hoarhound4 ,pour it out in a buttered paper1 placed in a square tin pan4 ,,cologne4--,take one gallon #ie per cent ,alcohol or ,cologne ,spirits1 two ounces ,oil of ,bergamot1 one-half ounce ,orange1 one-half ounce ,oil of ,cedar1 one-half drachm ,oil of ,nevio1 one-half drachm ,oil ,rosemary4 ,mix well and it is fit for use4 ,a nice article4 ,,bay ,,rum1 ,,equal ,,to ,,the ,,best ,,imported4--,oil of ,bay1 fine1 one and one-half drachms1 ,oil of ,neroli 7bigard7 ten drops1 ,ether ,acetic two drachms1 ,alcohol deod4 7strong7 three pints1 ,water1 two and one-fourth pints1 ,caromel sufficient to tinge4 ,let it stand two weeks and filter4 ,,copying ,,pad4--,white ,gelatine four ounces1 ,water eight ounces1 ,glycerine eight ounces1 ,gum ,dextrine two ounces4 ,always use these same proportions for any amount4 ,melt the ,gelatine in the water at a gentle heat1 add to it the ,glycerine1 in which the ,gum ,dextrine has been thoroughly incorporated4 ,now stir all together until thoroughly mixed and then pour into pans of the desired size1 to the depth of one-half inch4 ,recipe for ,ink to ,be ,used4--,violet ,analine forty grains1 ,gum ,arabic twelve grains1 ,alcohol one-fourth ounce1 ,water one-half ounce4 ,dissolve the ,gum in the ,water and ,alcohol1 then add the ,analine4 ,shake in a bottle from time to time until the ,analine is dissolved4 ,to work the ,copying ,pad4--,write with ink on any good paper1 press the written surface on the pad and allow it to remain two minutes2 then take off and the writing will remain1 from which impressions may be taken by laying on plain paper1 and smoothing with the hand4 ,as soon as the last impression is taken be sure and wash off with a wet sponge4 ,,to ,,bore ,,holes ,,in ,,glass4--,any hard steel tool will cut glass with great facility when kept freely wet with camphor dissolved in turpentine4 ,a drill bow may be used1 or even the hand alone4 ,a hole bored may be readily enlarged by a round file4 ,the ragged edges of glass vessels may also be thus easily smoothed by a flat file4 ,flat window glass can be readily sawed by a watch spring saw by aid of this solution4 ,in short the most brittle glass can be wrought almost as easily as brass by the use of cutting tools kept constantly moist with ,camphorized ,oil of ,turpentine4 ,,to ,,etch ,,upon ,,glass4--,procure several thick1 clear pieces of crown glass2 and immerse them in ,melted ,wax1 so that they may receive a complete coating1 or pour over them a solution of ,wax in ,benzine4 ,when perfectly cold draw on them with a fine steel point1 flowers1 trees1 houses1 portraits1 etc4 ,whatever parts of the drawings are intended to be corroded with the acid should be perfectly free from the least particle of wax4 ,when all these drawings are finished the pieces of glass must be immersed one by one in a square leaden box or receiver1 where they are to be submitted to the action of ,hydroflouric ,acid ,gas1 made by acting on ,powdered ,flour-,spar by ,concentrated ,sulphuric ,acid4 ,when the glasses are sufficiently corroded1 they are to be taken out1 and the wax is to be removed by first dipping them in warm and then in hot water1 or by washing with turpentine or benzine4 ,various colors may be applied to the corroded parts of the glass1 whereby a fine painting may be executed4 ,in the same manner sentences and initials of names may be etched on wine-glasses1 tumblers1 etc4 ,,rubber ,,hand ,,stamps4--,set up the desired name and address in common type1 oil the type1 and place a guard about one-half inch high around the form4 ,now mix ,plaster of ,paris to the desired consistency1 pour in and allow it to set4 ,have your ,vulcanized ,rubber all ready1 as made in long strips three inches wide and one-eighth of an inch thick1 cut off the size of the intended stamp4 ,remove the plaster cast from the type1 and place both the cast and the rubber in a screw press1 applying sufficient heat to thoroughly soften the rubber1 then turn down the screw hard1 and let it remain until the rubber receives the exact impression of the cast and becomes cold1 when it is removed1 neatly trimmed with a sharp knife1 and cemented to the handle1 ready for use4 ,,common ,,twist ,,candy4--,boil three pounds of common ,sugar and one pint of water over a slow fire for half an hour without skimming4 ,when boiled enough take it off1 rub your hands over with butter2 take that which is a little cooled and pull it as you would molasses candy1 until it is white2 then twist or braid it and cut it up in strips4 ,,sticky ,,fly ,,paper4--,boiled ,linseed ,oil and ,rosin2 melt and add honey4 ,soak the paper in a strong solution of ,alum1 then dry before applying the above4 ,,kiss-,,me-,,quick4--,spirits one gallon1 ,essence of ,thyme one-fourth ounce1 ,essence of ,orange ,flowers two ounces1 ,essence of ,neroli one-half ounce1 ,otto of ,roses thirty drops1 ,essence of ,jasmine one ounce1 ,essence of ,balm ,mint one-half ounce1 ,petals of ,roses four ounces1 ,oil of ,lemon twenty drops1 ,calorous ,aromaticus one-half ounce1 ,essence ,neroli one-fourth ounce4 ,mix and strain4 ,,how ,,to ,,test ,,the ,,richness ,,of ,,milk4--,procure any long glass vessel--a cologne bottle or long phial4 ,take a narrow strip of paper1 just the length from the neck to the bottom of the phial1 and mark it off with #ajj lines at equal distances1 or into fifty lines1 and count each as two1 and paste upon the phial so as to divide its length into #ajj equal parts4 ,fill it to the highest mark with milk fresh from the cow1 and allow it to stand in a perpendicular position #bd hours4 ,the number of spaces occupied by the cream will give you its exact percentage in the milk without any guess work4 ,,fine ,,peppermint ,,lozenges4--,best powdered ,white ,sugar seven pounds1 pure ,starch one pound1 ,oil of ,peppermint to flavor4 ,mix with ,mucilage4 ,,how ,,to ,,fasten ,,rubber ,,to ,,wood ,,and ,,metal4--,as rubber plates and rings are nowadays used almost exclusively for making connections between steam and other pipes and apparatus1 much annoyance is often experienced by the impossibility or imperfection of an air-tight connection4 ,this is obviated entirely by employing a cement which fastens alike well to the rubber and to the metal or wood4 ,such cement is prepared by a solution of ,shellac in ,ammonia4 ,this is best made by soaking pulverized ,gum ,shellac in ten times its weight of strong ,ammonia1 when a slimy mass is obtained1 which in three or four weeks will become liquid without the use of hot water4 ,this softens the rubber and becomes1 after volatilization of the ,ammonia1 hard and impermeable to gases and fluids4 ,,to ,,transfer ,,printed ,,matter ,,and ,,print ,,from ,,it ,,again4--,take your picture or print and soak it for a short time in a weak solution of ,caustic ,potash1 then remove it carefully1 and let it dry on a sheet of clean paper4 ,then take a piece of copper1 zinc1 or steel1 which has previously been well cleaned1 and dip it into hot white wax4 ,let the first coat set1 then dip again4 ,having got the plate thoroughly coated and set1 lay the matter to be transferred on the plate1 and rub it gently all over on the back2 now raise it up1 and it will be transferred on to the wax on the plate4 ,now take needles of a different thickness1 and scrawl all over the wax1 following the lines of the engraving4 ,having got the picture all traced out1 pour upon it some weak acid if you use zinc1 which is too soft to print many from1 therefore it is better to use copper or steel4 ,if you use copper1 make the following solution to pour over it3 ,verdigris four parts1 ,salt four parts1 ,sal ,ammoniac four parts1 ,alum one part1 ,water sixteen parts1 ,sour ,vinegar twelve parts4 ,dissolve by heat4 ,for steel1 use ,pyroligneous ,acid five parts1 ,alcohol one part1 ,nitric ,acid one part4 ,mix the first two1 then add the ,nitric ,acid4 ,pouring the preparations over the plates where the traces of the pictures are1 it will eat into the metal plate without affecting the wax4 ,let it stand till it has eaten a sufficient depth1 then wash the plate with cold water1 dry it and place it near the fire till all the wax is melted off4 ,you can now print as many as you please from the plate by rubbing on it printer's ink1 so as to fill all the fine spaces2 which1 when done1 wipe it over smoothly with clean cloths to remove the superfluous ink which is on the face of the plate4 ,now take damp paper or cardboard1 and press it on the plate1 either with a copying press or the hand1 and you get a fine impression1 or as many as you want by repeating the inking process4 ,i would recommend beginners to try their skill with valueless prints before attempting to make transfers of fine engravings1 as the picture to be transferred is destroyed by the process4 ,i4,x4,l4 ,,baking ,,powder4--,take one pound ,tartaric ,acid in ,crystals1 one and one-half pounds ,bi-,carbonate of ,soda1 and one and one-half pounds of ,potash ,starch4 ,each must be powdered separately1 well dried by a slow heat1 well mixed through a sieve4 ,pack hard in tinfoil1 tin or paper glazed on the outside4 ,the ,tartaric ,acid and ,bi-,carbonate of ,soda can of course be bought cheaper of wholesale druggists than you can make them1 unless you are doing things on a large scale1 but ,potato ,starch any one can make4 ,it is only necessary to peel the potatoes and to grate them up fine into vessels of water1 to let them settle1 pour off the water1 and make the settlings into balls1 and dry them4 ,with these directions anyone can make as good baking-powder as is sold anywhere4 ,if he wants to make it very cheap1 he can take ,cream of ,tartar and common ,washing 7,carbonate7 ,soda1 instead of the articles named in the recipe1 but this would be advisable only where customers insist on excessively low prices in preference to quality of goods4 ,,everlasting ,,fence ,,posts4--,i discovered many years ago that wood could be made to last longer than iron in the ground1 but thought the process so simple and inexpensive that it was not worth while to make any stir about it4 ,i would as soon have poplar1 basswood1 or quaking ash as any other kind of timber for fence posts4 ,i have taken out basswood posts after having been set seven years1 which were as sound when taken out as when they were first put in the ground4 ,time and weather seem to have no effect on them4 ,the posts can be prepared for less than two cents apiece4 ,this is the recipe3 ,take boiled ,linseed ,oil and stir it in pulverized ,charcoal to the consistency of paint4 ,put a coat of this over the timber1 and there is not a man that will live to see it rot4 ,,liquid ,,glue4--,to one ounce of ,borax in one pint of boiling water1 add two ounces of ,shellac1 and boil until the ,shellac is dissolved4 ,,to ,,mend ,,tinware ,,by ,,the ,,heat ,,of ,a ,,candle4--,take a phial about two-thirds full of ,muriatic ,acid and put into it little bits of ,sheet ,zinc as long as it dissolves them2 then put in a crumb of ,sal ,ammoniac and fill up with water and it is ready to use4 ,then with the cork of the phial1 wet the place to be mended with the preparation2 then put a piece of ,zinc over the hole and hold a lighted candle or spirit lamp under the place1 which melts the solder on the tin1 and causes the zinc to adhere without further trouble4 ,wet the zinc also with the solution2 or a little solder may be put on instead of the zinc or with the zinc4 ,,to ,,whiten ,,and ,,soften ,,the ,,hands4--,take one-half lb4 ,mutton ,tallow1 one ounce ,camphor ,gum1 one ounce ,glycerine2 melt1 and when thoroughly mixed1 set away to cool4 ,rub the hands with this every night4 ,a ,,branding ,,ink4--,a waterproof branding ink1 good for marking sheep3 ,shellac two ounces1 ,borax two ounces1 ,water twenty-four ounces1 ,gum ,arabic two ounces1 ,lamp ,black sufficient4 ,boil the ,borax and ,shellac in the water till they are dissolved1 and withdraw them from the fire4 ,when the solution becomes cold1 complete #be ounces with water1 and add ,lamp ,black enough to bring the preparation to a suitable consistency4 ,when it is to be used with a stencil it must be made thicker than when it is used with a brush4 ,the above gives black ink4 ,for red ink substitute ,venetian ,red for ,lamp ,black2 for blue ,ultramarine2 and for green a mixture of ,ultramarine and ,chrome ,yellow4 ,,french ,,polish1 or ,,dressing ,,for ,,leather4--,mix two pints best ,vinegar with one pint soft water4 ,stir into it one-fourth pound ,glue1 broken up1 one-half pound ,logwood chips1 one-fourth ounce finely powdered ,indigo1 one-fourth ounce best soft ,soap1 and one-fourth ,isinglass4 ,put the mixture over the fire1 and let it boil ten minutes or more2 then strain1 bottle and cork4 ,when cold it is fit for use4 ,apply with a sponge4 ,,new ,,york ,,barber',s ,,star ,,hair ,,oil4--,castor ,oil six and one-half pints1 ,alcohol one and one-half pints1 ,citronella and ,lavender ,oil1 each one-half ounce4 ,,barber',s ,,shampooing ,,mixture4--,soft ,water one pint1 ,sal ,soda one ounce1 ,cream ,tartar one-fourth ounce4 ,apply thoroughly to the hair4 ,,crucibles4--,the best crucibles are made of a pure fire clay1 mixed with finely ground cement of oil crucibles1 and a portion of black lead or graphite2 some pounded coke may be mixed with the plumbago4 ,the clay should be prepared in a similar way as for making pottery ware4 ,the vessels1 after being formed1 must be slowly dried1 and then properly baked in a kiln4 ,black ,lead ,crucibles are made of two parts of ,graphite and one of ,fire ,clay1 mixed with ,water into a paste1 pressed in moulds1 and well dried1 but not baked hard in the kiln4 ,this compound forms excellent small or portable furnaces4 ,,what ,,to ,,invent1 ,,and ,,how ,,to ,,protect ,,your ,,invention4 ,,what ,,to ,,invent4--,cheap1 useful articles that will sell at sight4 ,something that everyone needs1 and the poorest can afford4 ,invent simple things for the benefit of the masses1 and your fortune is made4 ,some years back a one-armed soldier amassed a fortune from a single toy--a wooden ball attached to a rubber string4 ,they cost scarcely anything1 yet millions were sold at a good price4 ,a ,german became enormously rich by patenting a simple wooden plug for beer barrels4 ,what man has done1 man may do4 ,,how ,,to ,,protect ,,your ,,invention4--,patent it4 ,if you do not1 others will reap the benefits that rightfully belong to you4 ,a ,,patent ,,is ,a ,,protection given to secure the inventor in the profits arising from the manufacture and sale of an article of his own creation4 ,,to ,,whom ,,letters ,,patent ,,are ,,granted4--,section #dhhf of the ,revised ,statutes of the ,united ,states provides that3 ,any person who has invented or discovered any new and useful art1 machine1 manufacture or composition of matter1 or any new and useful improvement thereof1 not known or used by others in this country1 and not patented or described in any printed publication in this or any foreign country1 before his invention or discovery thereof1 and not in public use1 or on sale for more than two years prior to his application1 unless the same is proved to have been abandoned1 may1 upon the payment of the fees required by law1 and other due proceedings had1 obtain a patent therefor4 ,and section #dhhh of the same ,statute enacts3 ,section #dhhh4 ,before any inventor or discoverer shall receive a patent for his invention or discovery1 he shall make application therefor1 in writing1 to the ,commissioner of ,patents1 and shall file in the ,patent ,office a written description of the same1 and of the manner and process of making1 constructing1 compounding1 and using it1 in such full1 clear1 concise and exact terms1 as to enable any person skilled in the art or science to which it appertains1 or with which it is most nearly connected1 to make1 construct1 compound1 and use the same2 and in case of a machine1 he shall explain the principle thereof and the best mode in which he has contemplated applying that principle1 so as to distinguish it from other inventions2 and he shall particularly point out and distinctly claim that part1 improvement or combination which he claims as his invention or discovery4 ,the specification and claim shall be signed by the inventor and attested by two witnesses4 ,it is also required by law that when ,the case admits of drawings1 it shall be properly illustrated2 and also1 if the ,commissioner requires it1 that a model shall be furnished in cases capable of such demonstration4 ,the cost of obtaining ,letters ,patent in ordinary cases is3 ,first1 ,government fees1 #ae2 counsel fees1 including drawings1 #be2 second1 or final ,government fees1 to be paid within six months from date of allowance1 #bj2 total1 #fj4 ,,designs4--,a design patent can be obtained for novelties in the shape of configuration of articles1 or impressions by any means whatever4 ,these patents are of great value to the trade4 ,the ,government fees for a design patent are3 ,on filing every application for a design patent #aj4jj ,on issuing a design patent for #c-a_/b years no further charge4 ,on issuing a design patent for #g years #e4jj ,on issuing a design patent for #ad years #bj4jj ,,caveats4--,a caveat is a confidential communication used in the ,patent ,office1 and it consists of a specification1 drawings1 oath and petition4 ,the specification must contain a clear description of the intended invention4 ,,how ,a ,,copyright ,,is ,,secured4--,the method by which a copyright is obtained under the revised acts of ,congress is as simple and inexpensive as can be reasonably asked4 ,all unnecessary red tape is dispensed with1 and the cost to the author who is seeking thus to protect himself in the enjoyment of the profits of his work1 is so small as to be scarcely appreciable4 ,this is an example of cheapness and directness toward which all branches of public administration should tend1 if a government is to fulfill its proper mission of serving the people without needlessly taxing them4 ,directions have lately been issued for the guidance of persons wishing to obtain copyrights2 and1 as many of our readers may not be conversant with the subject1 we give a brief abstract of the process4 ,the first thing necessary is to send a printed copy of the title of the work1 plainly directed to ,librarian of ,congress1 ,washington1 ,d4,c4 ,the copyright law applies not only to books1 pamphlets and newspapers1 but also to maps1 charts1 photographs1 paintings1 drawings1 music1 statuary1 etc4 ,if there is a title page1 send that2 if not1 a title must be printed expressly for the purpose1 and in both cases the name of the author or claimant of copyright must accompany the title4 ,use no smaller paper than commercial note4 ,a remittance of one dollar must be made along with the application4 ,this is the whole charge--half of it being for the entry on the record1 and the other half for your certificate1 which the ,librarian will send you promptly by mail4 ,you will of course prepay your postage4 ,within ten days after your book1 or other article1 is published1 you are required to send two complete copies of the best edition to the ,librarian1 addressed as before1 prepaying postage2 or the ,librarian will furnish penalty labels1 under which they can be sent free of postage4 ,if this deposit of copies is neglected1 the copyright is void1 and you are liable to fine of #be4 ,the law requires that on the title page of a copyrighted work1 or some part of the drawing1 painting1 statue1 or whatever it may be1 there shall be printed these words3 ,entered according to act of ,congress1 in the year ----1 by ----1 in the office of the ,librarian of ,congress1 at ,washington2 or1 if preferred1 this briefer form may be used3 ,copyright1 #ah--1 by ----4 ,to this may be added1 ,right of translation reserved1 or ,all rights reserved2 but in that case the ,librarian must have been duly notified1 so that he may include it in the record4 ,any person who prints the copyright notice on his work without having obtained a copyright1 is liable to a penalty of #a4jj4 ,the original term of a copyright runs for twenty-eight years1 and it may then be renewed for a further term of fourteen years1 either by the author or by his widow or children1 application being made not less than six months before the expiration of the right4 ,trade marks and labels cannot be copyrighted under this law1 but are provided for by a separate act1 relating to matters of detail1 which cannot here be recited1 but in regard to which1 the ,librarian at ,washington will give the needed information whenever required4 ,,trade ,,marks1 ,,labels1 ,,prints1 ,,etc4--,copyrights cannot be granted upon trade marks1 nor upon mere names of companies or articles1 nor upon prints or labels intended to be used with any article of manufacture4 ,if protection for such names or labels is desired1 application must be made to the ,patent ,office1 where they are registered at a fee of #f for labels1 and #be for trade marks4 ,by the word print is meant any device1 word1 or figures 7not a trade mark7 impressed directly upon the article1 to denote the name of the manufacturer1 etc4 ,by the word label is meant a slip of paper1 or other material1 to be attached to manufactured articles1 or to packages containing them1 and bearing the name of the manufacturer1 directions for use1 etc4 ,,water ,,ices4--,some make these with acid1 water1 flavor1 and the whites of eggs4 ,no good4 ,the best rules for the amount of sugar is to suit your taste4 ,,frangipanna4--,spirits one gallon1 ,oil ,bergamot one ounce1 ,oil of ,lemon one ounce2 macerate for four days1 frequently shaking2 then add ,water one gallon1 ,orange ,flower ,water one pint1 ,essence of ,vanilla two ounces4 ,mix4 ,,silvering ,,powder4--,nitrate of ,silver and common ,salt1 of each thirty grains1 ,cream of ,tartar three and one-half drachms4 ,pulverize finely1 mix thoroughly1 and bottle for use4 ,unequaled for polishing copper and plated goods4 ,,extract ,,of ,,lemon4--,three ounces ,oil ,lemon2 cut with #ie proof ,alcohol2 add one gallon #hj proof ,alcohol1 and filter through cotton or felt4 ,put up in two ounce bottles4 ,sells for #be cents2 jobs at #a4jj and #a4ej according to quality and style of package4 ,,balm ,,of ,a ,,thousand ,,flowers4--,deodorized ,alcohol one pint1 nice white ,bar ,soap four ounces2 shave the soap when put in1 stand in a warm place till dissolved1 then add ,oil of ,citronella one drachm1 and ,oils of ,neroli and ,rosemary1 of each one-half drachm4 ,,tin ,,cans4--,size of sheet for from #a to #ajj gallons3 ,for #a gallon #g by #bj ins4 ,for #c-a_/b gallons #aj by #bh ins4 ,for #e gallons #ab by #dj ins4 ,for #f gallons #ad by #dj ins4 ,for #aj gallons #bj by #db ins4 ,for #ae gallons #cj to #db ins4 ,for #be gallons #cj by #ef ins4 ,for #dj gallons #cf by #fc ins4 ,for #ej gallons #dj by #gj ins4 ,for #ge gallons #dj by #hd ins4 ,for #ajj gallons #dj by #ih ins4 ,this includes all laps1 seams1 etc41 which will be found sufficiently correct for all practical purposes4 ,,moulds ,,and ,,dies4--,copper1 ,zinc and ,silver in equal proportions1 melt together under a coat of powdered charcoal1 and mould into the form you desire4 ,bring them to nearly a white heat1 and lay on the thing you would take an impression of1 press with sufficient force1 and you will get a perfect and beautiful impression4 ,,indestructible ,,lamp ,,wicks4--,steep common wicks in a concentrated aqueous solution of ,tungstate of ,soda1 and then dry thoroughly in an oven4 ,a ,,gold ,,plate ,,for ,,small ,,articles1 ,,without ,a ,,battery4--,digest a small fragment of gold with about ten times its weight of mercury until it is dissolved1 shake the amalgam together in a bottle1 and after cleansing the articles1 coat them uniformly with the amalgam4 ,then expose them on an iron tray heated to low redness for a few minutes4 ,the mercury volatilizes1 leaving the gold attached as a thin coating to the article4 ,the heating should be done in a stove1 so that the poisonous mercurial fumes may pass up the chimney4 ,a ,,gelatine ,,mould ,,for ,,casting ,,plaster ,,ornaments4--,allow twelve ounces of ,gelatine to soak for a few hours in water1 until it has absorbed as much as it can1 then apply heat1 by which it will liquify4 ,if the mould is required to be elastic1 add three ounces of ,treacle1 and mix well with the ,gelatine4 ,if a little ,chrome ,alum 7precise proportions are immaterial7 be added to the ,gelatine1 it causes it to lose its property of being again dissolved in water4 ,a saturated solution of ,bichromate of ,potash brushed over the surface of the mould1 allowed to become dry and afterwards exposed to sunlight for a few minutes1 renders the surface so hard as to be unaffected by moisture4 ,,imitation ,,of ,,ground ,,glass4--,the following is from an ,antwerp scientific journal4 ,paint the glass with the following varnishes3 ,sandarac eighteen drachms1 ,mastic four drachms1 ,ether twenty-four ounces1 ,benzine six to eighteen ounces4 ,the more ,benzine the coarser the grain of imitation glass will be4 ,,unshrinkable ,,patterns4--,the best mixture for small patterns1 that does not shrink in casting1 is sixty-nine parts ,lead1 fifteen and one-half parts ,antimony1 fifteen and one-half parts ,bismuth1 by weight4 ,a cheap kind for finished patterns can be made of ten parts ,zinc1 one part ,antimony1 one part ,tin4 ,,to ,,make ,,artificial ,,marble ,,for ,,paper ,,weights ,,or ,,other ,,fancy ,,articles4--,soak ,plaster of ,paris in a solution of ,alum1 bake it in an over1 and then grind it to a powder4 ,in using mix it with water1 and to produce the clouds and veins stir in any dry color you wish2 this will become very hard1 and is susceptible of a very high polish4 ,,molds ,,of ,,glue ,,and ,,molasses1 ,,such ,,as ,,rodgers ,,uses ,,for ,,making ,,his ,,statuettes4--,the flexible moulds referred to are prepared as follows3 ,glue eight pounds1 ,molasses 7,new ,orleans7 seven pounds4 ,soak the ,glue over night in a small quantity of cold water1 then melt it by heat over a salt water bath1 stir until froth begins to rise1 then add and stir in briskly the ,molasses previously heated4 ,continue to heat and stir the mixture for about half an hour2 then pour4 ,,to ,,clarify ,,liquids4--,the following composition is said to bleach all colored liquids1 and to render bone-black perfectly unnecessary3 ,albumen three hundred1 ,neutral ,tartrate of ,potash two1 ,alum five1 ,sal ,ammoniac seven hundred parts4 ,the ,albumen must of course not be coagulated4 ,the ingredients are first dissolved in a little water and then added to the liquid to be clarified4 ,,to ,,prevent ,,store ,,windows ,,from ,,steaming4--,j4 ,f4 writes3 ,i am about to have the front show windows of my store inclosed with inside windows4 ,can you tell any way to prevent the outside windows frosting in cold weather8 ,a4 ,clean the glass occasionally with a cloth moistened with pure ,glycerine1 wiping it so as to leave only a trace of the ,glycerine adhering to the surface--this on the inside4 ,,artificial ,,india ,,rubber4--,a cheap and useful substitute for ,indian rubber is prepared by mixing a thick solution of ,glue with ,tungstate of ,soda and ,hydrochloric ,acid4 ,a compound of ,tungstic ,acid and ,glue is precipitated1 which at a temperature of #hf degrees to #ajd degrees ,f4 is sufficiently elastic to admit of being drawn out into very thin sheets4 ,on cooling this mass becomes solid and brittle1 but on being heated is again soft and plastic4 ,this new compound can be used for many of the purposes to which rubber is adapted4 ,,rubber ,,stamps ,,for ,,photographs4--,many photographers employ a rubber stamp for imprinting the backs of mounts1 and in these circumstances a good ink is very essential4 ,here is the recipe for making one quoted from the ,engineer1 and said to yield an excellent ink which1 while not drying on the pad1 will yet not readily smear when impressed upon paper3 ,aniline ,red 7,violet7 one hundred and eighty grains1 distilled ,water two ounces1 ,glycerine one teaspoonful1 ,treacle one-half teaspoonful4 ,the crystals of ,aniline are powdered and dissolved in the boiling distilled water1 and the other ingredients then added4 ,a ,,good ,,idea4--,how to ,remove ,pain and ,soreness from ,wounds4 ,the value of the smoke from burned wool to remove the pain and soreness from wounds of all kinds1 or from sores1 is great1 and it will give immediately relief from the intense pain caused by a gathering4 ,the easiest way to prepare this is to cut all-wool flannel--if you haven't the wool--into narrow strips1 take some hot ashes with a few small live coals on a shovel1 sprinkle some of the flannel strips on it1 and hold the injured member in the smoke for five or ten minutes1 using plenty of flannel to make a thick smoke4 ,repeat as often as seems necessary1 though one smoking is usually enough4 ,,chilblains4--,we glean two prescriptions from the ,british ,medical ,journal4 ,they are now being used in this country1 and with good results4 ,lin4 ,belladonnae two drachms1 ,lin4 ,aconita one drachm1 ,acid ,carbolici six minims1 ,collod4 ,flexil one ounce4 ,mix and apply every night with a camel's hair pencil1 ,collod4 ,flexil four drachms1 ,oleiricini four drachms1 ,spt4 ,tereb1 four drachms4 ,use three times daily with camel's hair brush4 ,,said ,,to ,,be ,,good ,,for ,,grip4--,anything that affords hope of relief from ,grip is of interest4 ,pauline ,crayson writes from ,cranford1 ,n4,j41 to ,new ,york ,tribune1 saying3 ,i have found ,peroxide of ,hydrogen 7medicinal7 a marvelous remedy in the treatment of grip and influenza4 ,this medicine should be diluted with water and administered internally1 and by snuffing through the nostrils or by spraying the nostrils and throat4 ,i believe the good results from this treatment1 which ,i have never known to fail of producing a speedy cure1 are due to the destruction of the microbe upon which this disease depends4 ,the remedy is simple and within the reach of everybody1 and can easily be tested4 ,,sticks ,,like ,a ,,brother4--,a paste that will adhere to anything4--,prof4 ,alex4 ,winchell is credited with the invention of a cement that will stick to anything 7,nat4 ,drug74 ,take two ounces of clear ,gum ,arabic1 one and one-half ounces of fine ,starch and one-half ounce of ,white ,sugar4 ,pulverize the ,gum ,arabic1 and dissolve it in as much water as the laundress would use for the quality of starch indicated4 ,dissolve the starch and sugar in the gum solution4 ,then cook the mixture in a vessel suspended in boiling water until the starch becomes clear4 ,the cement should be as thick as tar and keep so4 ,it can be kept from spoiling by dropping in a lump of ,gum ,camphor1 or a little ,oil of ,cloves or ,sassafras4 ,this cement is very strong indeed1 and will stick perfectly to glazed surfaces1 and is good to repair broken rocks1 minerals or fossils4 ,the addition of a small amount or ,sulphate of ,aluminum will increase the effectiveness of the paste1 besides helping to prevent decomposition4 ,,directions ,,for ,,making ,,all ,,kinds ,,of ,,candy4 ,,molasses ,,taffy4--,new ,orleans ,molasses one pint1 ,sugar one and one-half pounds1 ,water one-half pint 7no doctor74 ,stir all the time to a good light snap4 ,lemon flavor4 ,work as above4 ,,cream ,,taffy4--,same as above4 ,when to the ball degree have ready half cup cider vinegar1 one-fourth pipe ,cream ,tartar1 dissolve in the ,vinegar1 four ounces ,butter4 ,add1 stir1 and work as you do the white taffy4 ,,nut ,,taffy4--,use the cream taffy recipe4 ,just before the candy is done cooking stir in any kind of nut goodies1 pour out1 and when cool enough not to run1 form it into a block1 cut or break it with a hammer4 ,,good ,,brown ,,butter-,,scotch4--,c ,sugar1 three pounds2 ,water1 one and one-fourth pint2 ,cream ,tartar1 one full pipe dissolved in one cup ,cider ,vinegar2 ,molasses1 one-half pint2 ,butter1 eight ounces 7no flavor74 ,add all except the ,vinegar1 ,cream ,tartar and ,butter4 ,boil to medium ball1 then add the ,cream ,tartar in the ,vinegar and ,butter4 ,stir all the time carefully4 ,boil to light snap finish as before in cheap ,butter-,scotch4 ,,sour ,,lemon ,,drops4--,make a batch of barley squares4 ,just as soon as you pour it on the slab sprinkle over it three-fourths ounce dry ,tartaric ,acid1 two tablespoons ,lemon flavor2 turn the cold edges in to the center of the batch1 work it like bread dough2 place this before a hot stove on your table and cut into little pieces with your scissors1 or run the batch through a drop machine4 ,all goods that you want to spin out or run through a machine or cut with scissors should be kept warm by a sheet iron stove1 on a brick foundation1 fitted in the table evenly1 and the candy placed in front to keep warm4 ,should the candy slab1 after it is greased1 act sticky1 not allowing the candy to come up freely1 throw a dust of flour over the sticky place after it has been greased4 ,,stick ,,candy4--,stick candy is made precisely the same as peppermint clips1 by keeping the batch round1 and a second person to twist them and keep them rolling until cold4 ,this can be done only by practice4 ,the sticks are then chopped in the desired length by heavy shears4 ,,strawberry4--,same1 only flavor with strawberry2 color with liquid coloring slightly4 ,,maple ,,caramels4--,use one-half ,maple ,sugar with ,c ,sugar4 ,no flavor4 ,,walnut ,,caramels4--,same as the first4 ,when done1 stir in sufficient nuts to suit4 ,a better caramel can be made with white sugar1 and milk instead of water4 ,still better1 by using cream one quart1 and when cream cannot be had1 condensed milk dissolved in milk works fine4 ,,almond ,,bars4--,same as peanut1 only add the ,almond nuts in time to allow them to roast a little in the boiling sugar4 ,one-fourth of a pint of ,new ,orleans syrup added to the boiling sugar improves the flavor and color4 ,,chocolate ,,coating4--,can use sweet confectioners'1 or confectioners' plain 7never use the quarter and one-pound grocery packages1 as it contains too much sugar to melt good74 ,place a small piece of paraffine the size of a hickory-nut and one small teaspoon of lard in a rice cooker1 melt1 add one-half pound of chocolate1 stir until dissolved2 dip balls of cream in this chocolate1 drop on wax paper to cool1 and you have fine hand made chocolate drops4 ,,cold ,,sugar ,,icing4--,for dipping cream drops4 ,confectioners' sugar with the white of eggs and a small amount of dissolved ,gum ,arabic in water4 ,make this into a batter4 ,if thick1 the drops will be rough2 if thin1 the drops will be smooth4 ,,cocoanut ,,cream ,,ice4--,two pounds granulated sugar1 three-fourths pint water1 boil to a light crack2 set off1 add four ounces glucose 7or the amount of cream tartar you can hold on the point of a penknife72 set back on the fire1 just let come to a boil to dissolve the glucose2 set off again1 add immediately one-fourth ounce shaved paraffine1 six ounces cream dough cut up fine1 one grated cocoanut4 ,stir all until it creams1 pour out into a frame on brown paper dusted with flour1 mark and cut with a knife when cold4 ,,opera ,,creams4--,two pounds white sugar1 three-fourths pint cow's cream1 boil to a soft ball2 set off2 add two ounces glucose2 set on1 stir easy until it commences to boil1 then pour out1 let get three-fourths cold1 and stir it until it turns into a cream4 ,then work into two tablespoons vanilla1 line a pan with wax paper1 flatten the batch in it1 and mark it in squares4 ,set aside two hours to harden4 ,,italian ,,cream ,,operas4--,melt four ounces butter with four ounces plain chocolate4 ,take a batch of the opera cream2 when cooked1 add the above1 stir it in the kettle until it creams1 then pan and work it as you do the operas4 ,,butter ,,creams4--,one and one-half pounds white sugar1 and one-half pound ,c4 sugar1 three-fourths pound glucose1 one-fourth pint molasses1 one and one-fourth pint water2 boil to the hard snap1 add six ounces butter1 set off until it melts2 set on and let boil1 to well mix the butter2 pour out4 ,have one pound hard cream dough thoroughly warmed1 just so you can handle it4 ,when the batch is cold enough on the stove to handle1 place the warm cream lengthwise on the center of it and completely wrap the cream up in it4 ,place this on your table before your heater1 spin out in long strips1 have some one to mark them heavy or good4 ,when cold1 break where marked4 ,,boston ,,chips4--,three pounds of white sugar1 one-half pipe cream tartar1 one and one-fourth pints water2 boil with a lid over it to the hard snap2 pour2 pull this only half as much as any other candy2 for too much pulling takes out all the gloss when done2 flavor it on the hook2 wear your gloves1 place it before your heater on the table1 flatten out and spin out into thin ribbons1 break off and curl them up in little piles4 ,strawberry chips can be made the same way1 adding a pinch of cochineal paste4 ,,date ,,or ,,fig ,,squares4--,can be made by cutting them fine1 scatter them thick over the greased stone1 and pour over them a batch of barley square candy4 ,mark and cut with a knife4 ,,pine ,,tree ,,tar ,,cough ,,candy4--,first have one tablespoon oil of tar dissolved in two tablespoons of alcohol4 ,cook to a hard snap twenty pounds sugar 7white71 three quarts water1 three pounds glucose2 pour out2 scatter over 7while cooling7 twenty drops of tar1 two tablespoons oil of capsicum1 three tablespoons oil of wintergreen2 work all well into the batch 7do not pull this on the hook74 ,place before your heater on the table and spin it out in large round sticks4 ,have some one to keep them rolling until cold4 ,cut into sticks about three and one-half inches long4 ,wrap them in printed labels4 ,,date ,,and ,,fig ,,creams4--,seed dates1 cut a piece out of the end ,v shape1 insert a white or pink cream ball1 press it in1 and stick a clove in the end2 it looks like a pear4 ,cut figs in strips1 place the seedy side around a piece of cream dough4 ,the hand made cream can be made into various varieties of candy to suit your fancy4 ,,factory ,,cream ,,dough4--,this recipe is worth twenty-five dollars to any candy maker4 ,when the cream is first done it appears flaky and coarse2 but the next morning it is fine1 and the longer it sets the better it is4 ,when made up it never gets stale or hard4 ,never use flour to roll out cream with when you can get the ,,xxx lozenge sugar4 ,forty pounds granulated sugar1 five quarts water2 boil to a stiff ball2 set off2 add quickly twelve pounds of glucose4 ,do not stir4 ,set on the fire1 let it come to a boil until you see even the scum boiled in 7do not allow the glucose to cook in the sugar74 ,pour out1 wait only until you can lay the back of your hand on the top of batch4 7,never let it get colder1 it is better to cream while hot than cold like other goods74 ,cream it with two garden hoes1 or cream scrapers4 ,add while creaming one-fourth pint scant measure of glycerine4 ,no need of kneading it1 scrape into your tub for use4 7,if ,a sugar is used the cream is sticky47 ,,imitation ,,hand-,,made ,,chocolate4--,take a suitable hand made4 ,make your plaster paris prints4 ,take a quantity of the above cream1 melt in a bath1 flavor and mould4 ,dip4 ,a ,,number ,,one ,,chocolate ,,drop4--,moulding cream2 granulated sugar1 twenty pounds2 water1 three quarts4 ,boiled to a thread1 set off1 add three pounds of glucose dissolved2 pour1 let get cold4 ,cream1 melt1 add pinch of glucose to one pint simple syrup2 four tablespoonfuls of glycerine4 ,stir4 ,mould4 ,,cheap ,,chocolates4--,quick work4 ,make a batch of the above number one4 ,exactly the same process4 ,after the glucose is dissolved in the batch do not pour out1 but add five pounds of the hard factory cream in pieces4 ,stir1 flavor1 melt4 ,set this kettle in a kettle of boiling water1 have a boy to stir and watch it2 do not allow it to get so thin as to simmer1 only thin enough to run into your starch prints4 ,this cream saves time and labor4 ,,to ,,work ,,over ,,scraps ,,of ,,candy4--,to thirty pounds of scraps use one gallon water2 stir until it boils2 set off1 for it would never melt any more by boiling2 continue stirring until all is dissolved4 ,set aside until cold4 ,skim off the top4 ,this can be worked into hoar-hound or dark penny goods1 pop-corn bricks1 etc4 ,,to ,,cook ,,over ,,maple ,,sugar4--,to sixty pounds broken up maple1 add water 7according to the hard or soft grain of the sugar7 enough to dissolve4 ,stir until melted4 ,if the grain was soft1 add fifteen pounds granulated sugar2 if the hard grain1 only add that amount of ,c4 sugar4 ,boil to #bdd degrees by thermometer1 or good ball4 ,take out some in porcelain sauce pan1 grain until cloudy 7to make quick work always have a small portion in the same sauce pan for the next stirring74 ,pour in moulds greased1 or put in a tub of cold water4 ,,artificial ,,maple ,,sugar4--,dark ,c4 sugar 7driest71 two pounds2 water1 one-third pint2 butter1 two ounces1 melted2 flavor with maple flavor2 boil to a ball1 cream in the pan4 ,pour before it gets too stiff4 ,,molasses ,,pop-,,corn ,,balls4--,always sift your corn after it is popped4 ,for home use1 add butter and lemon flavor to your syrup4 ,this is too expensive for retail and factory use1 though some use lard sparingly4 ,boil molasses to a stiff ball1 wet your tub1 put in your corn2 now with a dipper pour over your candy and stir with a paddle through the corn1 wet your hands in cold water1 make your balls and wrap in wax paper1 twisting the ends close to the balls4 ,,for ,,white ,,or ,,red4--,sugar and glucose half and half1 water1 to melt and boil as above4 ,work the same4 ,to make six hundred bricks a day and pop this corn1 put a coarse sieve in a box or barrel bottom1 instead of the natural bottom4 ,sift your corn4 ,have your popper made with a swinging wire1 hanging from the ceiling down over the furnace to save labor4 ,have a stout1 thick1 wide board for the floor of your press2 make a stout frame the width that two brick will measure in length2 as long as twelve bricks are thick1 and have your boards six or eight inches wide4 ,put your frame together2 now make a stout lid of one-inch lumber to fit in your frame2 have four cleats nailed crosswise to make it stout1 and a #bx#d piece nailed lengthwise across the top of these 7shorter than the lid is72 now for a lever get a hard #bx#d1 six to eight feet long2 fasten the ends of this lever to the floor1 giving it six inches of the rope to play in4 ,now you are ready2 wet your flour board and dust it with flour2 do the lid and frame the same4 ,to every thirty pounds melted scraps of candy use two pounds of butter4 7,you can't cut the bricks without it47 ,cook to a hard ball4 ,to three-fourths tub of corn1 pour three small dippers of syrup2 pour this when mixed in your frame on the flour board1 put on the lid1 with the lever press once the center1 once each end1 and once more the center2 take out the lid1 lift the frame1 dump out on the table4 ,when two-thirds cool1 cut lengthwise with a sharp1 thin knife1 then cut your bricks off crosswise4 ,penny pop-corn bricks are made the same way4 ,,candy ,,penny ,,pop-,,corn ,,pieces4--,cook a batch of glucose to a light snap1 flavor well1 pour thin4 ,while hot place your pop-corn sheet hard down on the candy1 mark deep cut and wrap4 ,i have put boys on this work in the shop at five dollars a week pay1 and knew them to clear for the proprietor from five to twenty dollars daily for several months2 one to pop corn1 one to cook syrup1 one to press1 and one to cut them1 girls to wrap and box4 ,,to ,,shell ,,cocoanuts4--,take the nut in the left hand with the three eyes up2 strike from the nut down with your hatchet2 peel with a knife or spoke shave1 cut them into four pieces1 cover them with water1 set on the furnace1 and let come to a good boil4 ,if the nuts are sour1 strain and add fresh cold water quickly so as the heat will not darken them1 and repeat4 ,if very sour scrape the insides out4 ,grate them1 taking out one pieces at a time1 as the air does them no good4 ,,red ,,center4--,take two-thirds1 pour thin2 color the remaining one-third red with the liquor color2 place this on the half of the two-thirds1 and turn the other up over on top1 roll out flat with a roller1 cool1 cut4 ,the same goods cooked to a soft ball may be made into balls to be coated in red sugar after throwing them in hot sugar syrup2 also to be dipped in melted cream1 or brown the cocoanut balls on top with burnt sugar4 ,chocolate glaze cream coating eats well over these goods1 or dip the balls as you like4 ,,flavorings4--,to any kind of oils take eight times in bulk the amount of ,alcohol3 stir1 let set in a warm place a short time2 can be used if needed immediately4 ,,home ,,made ,,maple ,,sugar4--,to two pounds of maple 7bricks1 not cakes7 #a pint water1 one-third pipe cream of tartar 7or four ounces of glucose is best72 boil slow to a smooth degree1 cool1 skim4 ,white sugar can be used4 ,to keep molasses from sugaring in the barrel2 when making the molasses1 to every barrel add twenty pounds of glucose1 stir it in4 ,to lighten the color and aid the flavor of rank1 dark molasses1 do the same as above4 ,to allow molasses to cool slowly makes it dark4 ,it should be stirred lively until cool4 ,also to improve sour1 rank molasses1 take the molasses1 for instance1 ten gallons2 take five pounds dry ,c sugar1 five pounds glucose1 water two quarts4 ,boil the sugar and glucose until thoroughly dissolved2 add the molasses1 boil five minutes4 ,you can make fine syrup this way4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,candy ,,house4--,house for a show window4 ,take any design you fancy1 of card board4 ,cut out the windows2 place this on your candy slab4 ,now with a lead pencil mark out your design1 and as many of each piece as you need 7it is a good idea to make an extra piece so if you break one you can go ahead74 ,now take of the icing sugar and fill your paper funnel as if for cake icing1 and overline the pencil marks you made on the stone4 ,when done you find you have a frame that will hold hot candy4 ,boil a batch of ,barley ,square goods 7mentioned in this book71 and pour on some in a dipper2 take this and pour in your icing sugar frame or patterns you made on the stone1 when half cold1 so as not to run2 run a thin knife under them carefully1 lift them and lay them in a different place on the stone2 when you have moulded all cut off the icing sugar that sticks to the candy4 ,then put your candy house together1 sides first1 and take pieces of lemon stick candy1 dip them in the hot candy1 and stick in the bottom and top corners of your house2 hold them a few seconds to cool1 then finish likewise4 ,when done1 take your icing sugar and funnel paper and on the outside corners of the candy house put icing sugar and the windows finish the same4 ,candies1 if desired1 can be stuck on with the icing sugar1 etc4 ,the icing sugar should be stiff for a nice job1 and will hide the corners4 ,candy pyramids can be made this way also4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,delicious ,,candy ,,cocoanut ,,cake4--,have your cake layers cold4 ,place in your rice steamer one-half grated cocoanut and a chunk of hand-made cream the size of your fist2 stir until mixed and you can spread it2 do not melt it more than necessary4 ,this cake will not dry out if made with factory cream4 ,i gave this recipe to two ,london practical cake bakers2 they said it beat any cake recipe they had ever received4 ,put your mind to work and with a little practice you will get up candies of your own invention1 from the knowledge you derive here in this book4 ,,ice ,,cream4--,i will give only the best recipe1 my own improvement1 as workmen will find all my private recipes in this book to be different from others1 as well as first-class4 ,two quarts thick cream1 one pound ,a sugar1 one-fourth ounce ,french gelatine1 yolks of three eggs2 add one quart of the cream and gelatine1 set on the fire2 stir2 do not let boil2 melt2 set off1 add the eggs and sugar stirred up together with a little of the cream1 stirring all the time2 set on1 let get hot2 set off1 add the other quart of cream2 stir1 strain1 freeze4 ,break your ice fine2 use salt from one pint to one quart4 ,flavor after it is frozen4 ,,fair ,,ground ,,lemonade4--,take one barrel water2 dissolve in one quart of warm water twenty-five cents worth citric acid2 dissolve two dollars' worth ,a sugar in one gallon water4 ,stir all together4 ,a few cut up pieces of lemon can be added for appearance sake4 ,,jap ,,cocoanut4--,one pound ,,xxx confectioner's sugar1 dampened a little2 one and one-half pounds glucose2 stir when cooked to a soft ball2 add all the grated cocoanut it will stick together2 boil1 stir to the lightest crack4 ,,lemon ,,ice4--,seven lemons1 the juice only1 juice of three oranges4 ,take one pint water1 dissolve in one-half ounce of ,french sheet gelatine2 then add whites of two eggs1 one and one-fourth pounds ,a sugar1 dissolved2 add all together with three pints cold water2 freeze as for ice cream4 ,keep machine running briskly until finished4 ,,orange ,,ice4--,the same by changing the fruit proportionately4 ,,the ,,adulterations ,,used ,,by ,,certain ,,factories4--7,please never try to make use of the following1 for ,i never would print it for that purpose1 only to expose the stuff47 ,grape sugar1 which looks like cheap suet melted1 and is so hard as to be chopped with an ax1 though it dissolves readily4 ,terra alba1 white clay1 which is fine as sugar1 and is sieved into cream work or on candy1 and worked into it4 ,rice flour1 ground rice mixed into cocoanut goods2 cerealine1 ground1 prepared corn mixed into cocoanut4 ,glucose has the name of being an adulteration1 though ,i fail1 from seventeen years' experience1 to find it such2 it contains nothing outside of the acid to make it so1 and that is in so small a portion as to be harmless4 ,it is an article that is of greater value to man than the inexperienced give it credit for4 ,if ,i had time ,i could argue this question satisfactorily to any unprejudiced person4 ,gamboge is a bad article for candy1 yellow1 cheap1 hurtful color4 ,ground cocoanut shells are used mostly in adulterating pepper1 etc4 ,who is to blame for adulterating goods8 ,i claim three parties--first1 the proprietor2 next1 candy makers2 and next1 the ignorant class of people that want sixteen cents' worth of boiled sugar for eight cents1 when they do not stop to think it could not possibly be made for less than eight cents1 all told4 ,germany and ,france have strong laws against all adulterations4 ,soon ,america will prohibit the same1 and bless ,god when the day and law we so much need will come4 ,,how ,,to ,,ornament ,,cakes4--,you need four cups of confectioners' finest sugar1 whites of two eggs4 ,beat the eggs just a little1 add the sugar gradually1 juice one lemon2 beat this stiff1 until the sugar will bend when you hold the paddle up4 ,now take a sheet of thick writing paper1 fold it into a funnel shape1 hold it in your left hand2 fill this with the icing1 prepared as above1 about two-thirds full1 fold in the top and place both thumbs on it1 cut off a little of the small end of the funnel to allow the icing to come out when you press with your thumbs4 ,next1 with a knife1 cover your cake with icing sugar smoothly2 if it sticks to the knife1 wet it a little4 ,let dry half hour2 then with a lead pencil make leaves or designs1 and with your paper funnel ice your pencil designs4 ,colored icing looks well4 ,,taking ,,leaf ,,photographs--,a very pretty amusement1 especially for those who have just completed the study of botany1 is the taking of leaf photographs4 ,one very simple process is this3 ,at any druggist's get an ounce of ,bichromate of ,potassium4 ,put this into a pint bottle of water4 ,when the solution becomes saturated--that is1 the water is dissolved as much as it will--pour off some of the clear liquid into a shallow dish2 on this float a piece of ordinary writing paper till it is thoroughly moistened1 let it dry in the dark4 ,it should be a bright yellow4 ,on this put the leaf1 under a piece of black soft cloth and several sheets of newspaper4 ,put these between two pieces of glass 7all the pieces should be of the same size7 and with spring clothespins fasten them together4 ,expose to a bright sun1 placing the leaf so that the rays will fall upon it as nearly perpendicular as possible4 ,in a few moments it will begin to turn brown2 but it requires from half an hour to several hours to produce a perfect print4 ,when it has become dark enough1 take it from the frame1 and put it into clear water1 which must be changed every few minutes until the yellow part becomes white4 ,sometimes the leaf veinings will be quite distinct4 ,by following these directions it is scarcely possible to fail1 and a little practice will make perfect4 ,,curious ,,things4--#a4 ,to apparently burn water1 fill a glass lamp with water1 and put into it for a wick a piece of ,gum ,camphor4 ,the lamp should not be quite full1 and the camphor may be left to float upon the surface of the water4 ,on touching a lighted match to the ,camphor1 up shoots a clear1 steady flame1 and seems to sink below the surface of the water1 so that the flame is surrounded by the liquid4 ,it will burn a long time4 ,if the ,camphor be ignited in a large dish of water it will commonly float about while burning4 #b4 ,to change the faces of a group to a livid1 deathly whiteness1 and to destroy colors1 wet a half teacupful of common salt in ,alcohol and burn it on a plate in a dark room4 ,let the salt soak a few minutes before igniting4 ,the flame will deaden the brightest colors in the room1 and the dresses of the company will seem to be changed4 ,let each one put his face behind the flame1 and it will present a most ghastly spectacle to those who stand before it4 ,this is serviceable in tableau where terror of death is to be represented4 ,the change wrought by the flame1 when the materials are properly prepared1 is very surprising4 #c4 ,wet a piece of thick wrapping paper1 then dry near the stove4 ,while dry1 lay it down upon a varnished table or dry woolen cloth1 and rub it briskly with a piece of ,india rubber4 ,it will soon become electrified1 and if tossed against the wall or the looking glass will stick some time4 ,tear tissue-paper into bits1 one-eighth of an inch square1 and this piece of electrified paper will draw them4 ,or take a tea-tray and put it on three tumblers4 ,lay the electric paper on it1 and on touching the tray you will get a little spark4 ,let the paper lay on the tray1 and on touching the tray again you will get another spark1 but of the opposite kind of electricity4 ,replace the paper and you will get another1 and so on4 #d4 ,to produce a spectrum1 burn magnesium wire in a dark room1 and as soon as the flame is extinguished1 let each one try to look into the other's faces4 ,the spectrum of the extinguished light is clearly seen4 ,,muriate ,,of ,,tin4 ,,tin ,,liquor4--,if druggists keep it1 it is best to purchase of them already made1 but if you prefer1 proceed as follows3 ,get at a tinner's shop block tin1 put it into a shovel and melt it4 ,after it is melted1 pour it from the height of four or five feet into a pail of clear water4 ,the object of this is to have the tin in small particles1 so that the ,acid can dissolve it4 ,take it out of the water and dry it2 then put it in a strong brass bottle4 ,pour over it ,muriatic ,acid twelve ounces1 then slowly add sulphuric acid eight ounces4 ,the ,acid should be added about a tablespoonful at a time1 at intervals of five or eight minutes1 for if you add it too rapidly you run the risk of breaking the bottle by heat4 ,after you have all the ,acid in1 let the bottle stand until the ebullition subsides2 then stop it up with beeswax or glass stopper1 and set it away2 and it will keep good for a year or more1 or it will be fit for use in twenty-four hours4 ,,the ,,centennial ,,illuminating ,,oil4--,recipe for ,making ,one ,gallon4--,take seven-eighths gallon ,benzine or crude ,petroleum1 add to it one-half ounce ,gum ,camphor1 one-half ounce ,alcohol1 one-half pint common ,salt1 one-half ounce ,oil of ,sassafras4 ,stir and mix it well for about five minutes4 ,let is stand for twenty-four hours and it is ready for use4 ,it is better to buy the ,benzine from ,pittsburgh1 ,pa41 as the druggists usually charge two or three times the wholesale price4 ,,chapter ,x4 ,,coin ,,department4 ,complete and standard list of ,american silver and copper coins which command a premium3 ,,united ,,states ,,silver ,,dollars4 ,illustration3 ,,liberty #agid #agid ,flowing ,hair #bj #jj #agid ,flowing ,hair1 ,fine #cj #jj #agie ,flowing ,hair #a #be #agif ,fillet ,head #a #be #agif ,fillet ,head #a #fj #agig ,fillet ,head1 #f ,stars ,facing #a #fj #agig ,fillet ,head1 #g ,stars ,facing #a #fj #agih ,fillet ,head1 #ac ,stars1 ,small ,eagle #a #ej #agih ,fillet ,head1 #ae ,stars1 ,small ,eagle #b #jj #agih #ac ,stars1 ,large ,eagle #a #aj #agii #e ,stars ,facing #a #dj #agii #f #a #aj #ahjj ,spread ,eagle #a #ae #ahja ,spread ,eagle #a #cj #ahjb ,spread ,eagle #a #cj #ahjb over #ahja1 ,spread ,eagle #a #ce #ahjc ,spread ,eagle #a #ce #ahjd ,,dollar4 ,illustration3 ,obverse ,illustration3 ,reverse #ahjd ,excessively ,rare #ejj #jj #ahdj ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahda ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahdd ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahde ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahdh ,liberty ,seated #a #ae #ahdi ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahea ,liberty ,seated #bc #jj #aheb ,liberty ,seated #bc #jj #ahec ,liberty ,seated #a #aj #ahed ,liberty ,seated #b #ej #ahee ,liberty ,seated #a #fj #ahef ,liberty ,seated #a #ej #aheg ,liberty ,seated #a #ej #aheh ,liberty ,seated #bc #jj #ahfa ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahfb ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahfc ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahfd ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahfe ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahff ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahfg ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahfh ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahfi ,liberty ,seated #a #je #ahgi ,trade ,dollar #a #je #ahhj ,trade ,dollar #a #je #ahha ,trade ,dollar #a #je #ahhb ,trade ,dollar #a #je #ahhc ,trade ,dollar #a #je #ahhd ,trade ,dollar #a #je ,,united ,,states ,,pattern ,,dollars4 ,illustration3 #ahcf #ahcf ,c4 ,gobrecht's ,name in ,field #i #jj #ahcf ,flying ,eagle #d #jj #ahch ,flying ,eagle #ag #jj #ahci ,flying ,eagle #ac #ej ,,half ,,dollars4 ,illustration3 ,,liberty #agid #agid ,flowing ,hair1 ,fair #b #jj #agid ,flowing ,hair1 ,good #c #jj #agie ,flowing ,hair #fj #agif ,fillet ,head1 #ae ,stars #ag #ej #agif ,fillet ,head1 #af ,stars #bj #jj #agig ,fillet ,head1 #ae ,stars #ah #jj #ahja ,fillet ,head #b #jj #ahjb ,fillet ,head #b #jj #ahjc ,fillet ,head #ee #ahjd ,fillet ,head #g #ej #ahje ,fillet ,head #ee #ahje over #ahjd1 ,fillet ,head #fj #ahjf ,fillet ,head1 if ,extra ,fine #ee #ahjg ,fillet ,head1 if ,extra ,fine #ee #ahjg ,head to ,left1 if ,extra ,fine #ee #ahae ,head to ,left1 ,fair #a #ej #ahae ,head to ,left1 ,good #b #jj #ahae ,head to ,left1 ,fine #b #ej #ahbj over #ahai #ee #ahcf ,liberty ,cap1 ,milled ,edge #a #ej #ahcf ,liberty ,cap1 ,milled ,edge1 ,fine #a #ge #ahch ,liberty ,cap #ab #jj 7,having ,o mark underneath bust1 and meaning ,new ,orleans ,mint1 under head like above cut4 ,ordinary #ahch half dollars without this mint mark are not wanted47 #ahea ,liberty ,seated #ee #ahea ,liberty ,seated1 ,fine #fe #aheb ,liberty ,seated1 ,fair #a #dj #aheb ,liberty ,seated1 ,good #a #ge #aheb ,liberty ,seated1 ,fine #b #jj #ahgi ,liberty ,seated1 ,fine #ee ,,quarter ,,dollars4 ,illustration3 ,,liberty #agif #agif ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #a #ej #agif ,fillet ,head1 ,good #b #jj #ahjd ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #a #ej #ahjd ,fillet ,head1 ,good #b #jj #ahje ,fillet ,head1 ,good #cj #ahjf ,fillet ,head1 ,good #cj #ahjg ,head to ,left #cj #ahae ,head to ,left1 ,fine #ce #ahah ,head to ,left1 ,fine #cj #ahai ,head to ,left1 ,fine #cj #ahbj ,head to ,left1 ,fine #cj #ahba ,head to ,left1 ,fine #cj #ahbb ,head to ,left1 ,fine #cj #ahbc ,head to ,left1 ,fair #af #jj #ahbc ,head to ,left1 ,good #ba #jj #ahbd ,head to ,left1 ,fair #ce #ahbd ,head to ,left1 ,good #fj #ahbd ,head to ,left1 ,fine #a #jj #ahbg ,head to ,left1 ,fair #ag #ej #ahbg ,head to ,left1 ,good #bb #jj #ahec 7without ,arrows and ,rays7 #b #ej ,,twenty ,,cent ,,pieces4 #ahgf #be #ahgg #a #ge #ahgh #a #ge ,illustration3 ,,liberty #agif ,illustration3 ,,united ,,states ,,of ,,america ,,dimes4 #agif ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #ge #agif ,fillet ,head1 ,good #a #ej #agig #ac ,stars1 ,fair #a #aj #agig #ac ,stars1 ,good #b #jj #agig #af ,stars1 ,fair #a #be #agif #af ,stars1 ,good #b #jj #agih ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #ij #agih ,fillet ,head1 ,good #a #ge #ahjj ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #a #jj #ahjj ,fillet ,head1 ,good #a #ge #ahja ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #a #jj #ahja ,fillet ,head1 ,good #a #ge #ahjb ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #a #be #ahjb ,fillet ,head1 ,good #b #jj #ahjc ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #ge #ahjc ,fillet ,head1 ,good #a #be #ahjd ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #a #be #ahjd ,filled ,head1 ,good #b #bb #ahje ,filled ,head1 ,good #bj #ahjg ,filled ,head1 ,good #be #ahji ,head to ,left1 ,fair #bj #ahji ,head to ,left1 ,good #ej #ahji ,head to ,left1 ,fine #ge #ahaa ,head to ,left1 ,fair #be #ahaa ,head to ,left1 ,good #ej #ahaa ,head to ,left1 ,fine #ge #ahad ,head to ,left1 ,fine #ae #ahbj ,head to ,left1 ,fine #ae #ahba ,head to ,left1 ,small ,date1 ,fine #ae #ahbb ,head to ,left1 ,fair #ej #ahbb ,head to ,left1 ,good #ge #ahbb ,head to ,left1 ,fine #a #jj #ahbd ,head to ,left1 ,fine #ae #ahbh ,head to ,left1 ,fine #ae ,illustration3 #ahdf ,illustration3 ,,one ,,dime #ahdf ,liberty ,seated #be ,illustration3 ,,liberty #agid ,illustration3 ,,united ,,states ,,of ,,america ,,half ,,dimes4 #agid ,flowing ,hair1 ,fair #a #aj #agid ,flowing ,hair1 ,good #b #jj #agid ,flowing ,hair1 ,fine #c #jj #agie ,flowing ,hair1 ,fair #cj #agie ,flowing ,hair1 ,good #fj #agif #ae ,stars1 ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #a #ej #agif #ae ,stars1 ,fillet ,head1 ,good #b #jj #agig #ae ,stars1 ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #a #aj #agig #ae ,stars1 ,fillet ,head1 ,good #a #ge #agig #af ,stars1 ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #a #jj #agig #af ,stars1 ,fillet ,head1 ,good #a #ge #ahjj ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #dj #ahjj ,fillet ,head1 ,good #ge #ahja ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #a #jj #ahja ,fillet ,head1 ,good #b #jj #ahjb ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #bj #jj #ahjb ,fillet ,head1 ,good #dj #jj #ahjb ,fillet ,head1 ,fine #ge #jj #ahjc ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #a #jj #ahjc ,fillet ,head1 ,good #a #ge #ahje ,fillet ,head1 ,fair #a #fj #ahje ,fillet ,head1 ,good #b #be #ahch ,liberty ,seated1 without stars1 ,fair #jh #ahch ,liberty ,seated1 without stars1 ,good #bj #ahch ,liberty ,seated1 without stars1 ,fine #cj #ahdf ,liberty ,seated1 ,fair #ge #ahdf ,liberty ,seated1 ,good #a #jj #ahdf ,liberty ,seated1 ,fine #a #ej ,illustration3 ,,united ,,states ,,of ,,america #ahgc ,,silver ,,three ,,cent ,,pieces4 #ahee ,large ,star in ,center #aj #ahfc ,large ,star in ,center #dj #ahfd ,large ,star in ,center #ej #ahfe ,large ,star in ,center #cj #ahff ,large ,star in ,center #cj #ahfg ,large ,star in ,center #cj #ahfh ,large ,star in ,center #cj #ahfi ,large ,star in ,center #be #ahgj ,large ,star in ,center #bj #ahga ,large ,star in ,center #bj #ahgb ,large ,star in ,center #bj #ahgc ,large ,star in ,center #ge ,,nickel1 ,,five ,,cent ,,pieces4 #ahgg #be ,illustration3 ,,united ,,states ,,of ,,america #ahgg ,,nickel1 ,,three ,,cent ,,pieces4 #ahgg #dj ,,copper ,,two ,,cent ,,pieces4 #ahgb #je #ahgc #ij ,,copper ,,cents4 ,illustration3 ,,liberty #agic ,illustration3 ,,united ,,states ,,of ,,america ,,one ,,cent #a_/ajj #agic ,liberty ,cap #a #be #agid #ae #agie ,liberty ,cap #aj #agif ,liberty ,cap #ae #agif ,fillet ,head #ae #agig ,fillet ,head #jh #agih ,fillet ,head #je #agii ,fillet ,head #c #jj #agii ,fillet ,head #f #jj #ahjj ,fillet ,head #je #ahja ,fillet ,head #je #ahjd ,fillet ,head #b #jj #ahjd ,fillet ,head1 ,fine #b #ge #ahje ,fillet ,head #jh #ahjf ,fillet ,head #jf #ahjg ,fillet ,head #jc ,illustration3 #ahjh ,illustration3 ,,united ,,states ,,of ,,america ,,one ,,cent #ahjh ,head to ,left #aj #ahji ,head to ,left #dj #ahji ,head to ,left1 ,fine #ge #ahaj ,head to ,left #je #ahaa ,head to ,left #be #ahab ,head to ,left #jc #ahac ,head to ,left #ae #ahad ,head to ,left #je #ahag ,head to ,left1 #ae ,stars #je #ahba ,head to ,left #jh #ahbc ,head to ,left #ab #aheg ,head to ,left1 ,large ,date #jf #aheg ,head to ,left #jf #aheg ,head to ,left1 ,small ,date #jf ,illustration3 ,,united ,,states ,,of ,,america #ahef ,,eagle ,,nickel ,,cents4 #ahef ,fair #ee #ahef ,good #hj #ahef ,fine #a #aj ,,half ,,cents4 ,illustration3 ,,liberty #agie ,illustration3 ,,united ,,states ,,of ,,america ,,half ,,cent #agic ,liberty ,cap #a #jj #agid ,liberty ,cap #be #agie ,lettered ,edge #bj #agie ,thin ,die #bj #agif ,liberty ,cap #g #ej #agig ,liberty ,cap #be #agig ,lettered ,edge #he #ahjj ,fillet ,head #je #ahjb ,fillet ,head #fj #ahjc ,fillet ,head #je #ahje ,fillet ,head #jf #ahjf ,fillet ,head #jf #ahjg ,fillet ,head #jf #ahjh ,fillet ,head #jf #ahaj ,head to ,left #ah #ahaa ,head to ,left #fj #ahca ,head to ,left #b #jj #ahcf ,head to ,left #c #jj #ahdj ,head to ,left #a #ge #ahda ,head to ,left #a #ge #ahdb ,head to ,left #b #ej #ahdc ,head to ,left #c #jj #ahdd ,head to ,left #b #jj #ahde ,head to ,left #a #ge #ahdf ,head to ,left #a #ge #ahdg ,head to ,left #b #ej #ahdh ,head to ,left #c #jj #ahdi ,head to ,left1 ,small ,date #c #jj #ahdi ,head to ,left1 ,large ,date #jf #ahej ,head to ,left #je #aheb ,head to ,left #b #ej #ahed ,head to ,left #je #ahef ,head to ,left #ae #aheg ,head to ,left #jh ,,american ,,silver ,,and ,,copper ,,coins ,,not ,,issued ,,by ,,the ,,united ,,states ,,mint4 ,,silver ,,coinage4 ,,dollars4--,first coinage1 #agid2 none issued #ahje to #ahce1 inclusive1 and #ahcg4 ,,half-,,dollars4--,first coinage1 #agid2 none issued #agih1 #agii1 #ahaf4 ,,quarter-,,dollars4--,first coinage1 #agif2 none issued #agid1 #agie1 #agig to #ahjd1 #ahjh to #ahad1 inclusive1 #ahaf1 #ahag1 #ahbf1 #ahbi1 #ahcj4 ,,dimes4--,first coinage1 #agif2 none issued #agid1 #agie1 #agii1 #ahjf1 #ahjh1 #ahaj1 #ahab1 #ahac1 #ahae to #ahai1 inclusive1 #ahbf4 ,,half-,,dimes4--,first coinage1 #agid2 none issued #agih1 #agii1 #ahja1 #ahjf to #ahbh1 inclusive4 ,the coinage of half-dimes was discontinued in #ahgc by ,act of ,congress4 ,,three-,,cent ,,pieces 7,,silver74--,first coinage1 #ahea2 and then the dates follow in succession until #ahgc1 when the coinage of them was discontinued4 ,,copper ,,cents4 ,,copper ,,cents4--,first coinage1 #agic1 none issued #ahae2 they then follow to #aheg1 when the coinage was changed to nickel4 ,the nickel cent of #ahef was only a pattern1 which continued during this year up to #ahfd1 inclusive4 ,the bronze cent was introduced in this year4 ,in #ahfe the nickel cent was discontinued1 and up to date the bronze cents are issued4 ,,half-,,cents4--,first coinage1 #agic2 none issued #agih1 #agii1 #ahja1 #ahab to #ahbd1 inclusive2 #ahbg1 #ahcg1 #ahch1 #ahci2 in #aheg the issue of half-cents was discontinued4 ,in #ahfd the two-cent piece in bronze was introduced1 and discontinued in #ahgc1 by ,act of ,congress4 ,in #ahfe the three-cent nickel piece was first issued4 ,in #ahff the five-cent piece was first issued2 a very few were struck in #ahfe as pattern4 ,in #ahhc the die was changed to that of the current issue with liberty head4 ,although upwards of five million coins of the #ahhc nickels without the words cents were issued1 they will in the course of a few years command a premium4 ,at present they are still quite common4 ,,loisette',s ,,system ,,of ,,memory4 ,so much has been said about ,loisette's memory system1 the art has been so widely advertised1 and so carefully guarded from all the profane who do not send five or many dollars to the professor1 that a few pages showing how every man may be his own ,loisette1 may be both interesting and valuable4 ,in the first place1 the system is a good one1 and well worth the labor of mastering1 and if the directions are implicitly followed there can be no doubt that the memory will be greatly strengthened and improved1 and that mnemonic feats1 otherwise impossible1 may be easily performed4 ,loisette1 however1 is not an inventor1 but an introducer4 ,he stands in the same relation to ,dr4 ,pick that the retail dealer holds to the manufacturer2 the one produced the article2 the other brings it to the public4 ,even this statement is not quite fair to ,loisette1 for he has brought much practical common sense to bear upon ,pick's system1 and in preparing the new art of mnemonics for the market1 in many ways he has made it his own4 ,if each man would reflect upon the method by which he himself remembers things1 he would find his hand upon the key of the whole mystery4 ,for instance1 the author was once trying to remember the word blythe4 ,there occurred to my mind the words ,bellman1 ,belle1 and then the verse --the peasant upward climbing ,hears the bells of ,buloss chiming4 ,barcarole1 ,barrack1 and so on1 until the word blythe presented itself with a strange insistence1 long after ,i had ceased trying to recall it4 ,on another occasion1 when trying to recall the name ,richardson1 ,i got the words hay-rick1 ,robertson1 ,randallstown1 and finally wealthy1 from which naturally ,i got rich and ,richardson almost in a breath4 ,still another example3 trying to recall the name of an old schoolmate1 ,grady1 ,i got ,brady1 grave1 gaseous1 gastronome1 gracious1 and ,i finally abandoned the attempt1 simply saying to myself that it began with a ,g1 and there was an a sound after it4 ,the next morning1 when thinking of something entirely different1 this name ,grady came up in my mind with as much distinctness as though some one had whispered it in my ear4 ,this remembering was done without any conscious effort on my part1 and was evidently the result of the exertion made the day before1 when mnemonic processes were put to work4 ,every reader must have had similar experience1 which he can recall1 and which will fall in line with the examples given4 ,it follows1 then1 that when we endeavor1 without the aid of any system1 to recall a forgotten fact or name1 our memory presents to us words of a similar sound or meaning in its journey toward the goal to which we have started it4 ,this goes to show that our ideas are arranged in groups in whatever secret cavity or recess of the brain they occupy1 and that the arrangement is one not alphabetical exactly and not entirely by meaning1 but after some fashion partaking of both4 ,if you are looking for the word meadow you may reach middle before you come to it1 or ,mexico1 or many words beginning with the m sound1 or containing the dow1 as window or dough1 or you may get field or farm--but you are on the right track1 and if you do not interfere with your intellectual process you will finally come to the idea which you are seeking4 ,how often have you heard people say3 ,i forget his name2 it is something like ,beadle or ,beagle--at any rate it begins with a ,b4 ,each and all of these were unconscious ,loisettians1 and they were practicing blindly1 and without proper method or direction1 the excellent system which he teaches4 ,the thing1 then1 to do--and it is the final and simple truth which ,loisette teaches--is to travel over this ground in the other direction--to cement the fact which you wish to remember to some other fact or word which you know will be brought out by the implied conditions--and thus you will always be able to travel from your given starting point to the thing which you wish to call to mind4 ,illustration3 a b c d e ,to illustrate3 let the broken line in the annexed diagram represent a train of thought4 ,if we connect the idea a with e through the steps b1 c and d1 the tendency of the mind ever afterward will be to get to e from a that way1 or from any of the intermediates that way4 ,it seems as though a channel were cut in our mindstuff along which the memory flows4 ,how to make it flow this way will be seen later on4 ,loisette1 in common with all mnemonic teachers1 uses the old devise of representing numbers by letter--and as this is the first and easiest step in the art1 this seems to be the most logical place to introduce the accepted equivalents of the ,arabic numerals3 #j is always represented by s1 z or c soft4 #a is always represented by t1 th or d4 #b is always represented by n4 #c is always represented by m4 #d is always represented by r4 #e is always represented by l4 #f is always represented by sh1 j1 ch soft or g soft4 #g is always represented by g hard1 kc hard1 q or final ng4 #h is always represented by f or v4 #i is always represented by p or b4 ,all the other letters are used simply to fill up4 ,double letters in a word count only as one4 ,in fact1 the system goes by sound1 not by spelling--for instance1 this or dizzy would stand for ten2 catch or gush would stand for #gf1 and the only difficulty is to make some word or phrase which will contain only the significant letters in the proper order1 filled out with non-significants into some guise of meaning or intelligibility4#b ,suppose you wish to get some phrase or word that would express the number #c1fhe1 you arrange the letters this way3 ---------------------------------------- - #c #f #h #e ---------------------------------------- - a m a sh a f a l e e j e v e i i ch i i o o g o o u u u u h h h h w w w w x x x x y y y y ---------------------------------------- - ,you can make out image of law1 my shuffle1 matchville1 etc41 etc41 as far as you like to work it out4 #b ,you can remember the equivalents by noting the fact that z is the first letter of zero and c of cipher2 t has but one stroke1 n has two1 m has three4 ,the script f is very like #h1 the script p like #i2 r is the last letter of four1 l is the ,roman numeral for fifty1 which suggests five4 ,the others may be retained as memorizing these two nonsense lines3 ,six shy ,jewesses chase ,george ,seven great kings came quarreling4 ,now1 suppose you wish to memorize the fact that #a1jjj1jjj in gold weighs #c1fhe pounds1 you go about it in this way1 and here is the kernel and crux of ,loisette's system3 ,how much does #a1jjj1jjj in gold weigh8 ,weigh--scales4 ,scales--statue of ,justice4 ,statue of ,justice--image of law4 ,the process is simplicity itself4 ,the thing you wish to recall1 and that you fear to forget1 is the weight2 consequently you cement your chain of suggestion to the idea which is most prominent to your mental question4 ,what do you weigh with8 ,scales4 ,what does the mental picture of scales suggest8 ,the statue of ,justice1 blindfolded and weighing out award and punishment to man4 ,finally1 what is this statue of ,justice but the image of law8 ,and the words image of law1 translated back from the significant letters m1 g soft1 f and l1 give you #c--f--h--e1 the number of pounds in #a1jjj1jjj in gold4 ,you bind together in your mind each separate step in the journey1 the one suggests the other1 and you will find a year from now that the fact will be as fresh in your memory as it is to-day4 ,you cannot lose it4 ,it is chained to you by an unbreakable mnemonic tie4 ,mark1 that it is not claimed that weight will of itself suggest scales and scales statue of ,justice1 etc41 but that1 once having passed your attention up and down the ladder of ideas1 your mental tendency will be to take the same route1 and get to the same goal again and again4 ,indeed1 beginning with the weight of #a1jjj1jjj1 image of law will turn up in your mind without your consciousness of any intermediate station on the way1 after some iteration and reiteration of the original chain4 ,again1 so as to fasten the process in the reader's mind even more firmly1 suppose that it were desired to fix the date of the battle of ,hastings 7,a4,d4 #ajff7 in the memory2 #ajff may be represented by the words the wise judge 7th equals #a1 s equals #j1 j equals #f1 dg equals #f2 the others are non-significants72 a chain might be made thus3 ,battle of ,hastings--arbitrament of war4 ,arbitrament of war--arbitration4 ,arbitration--judgment4 ,judgment--the wise judge4 ,make mental pictures1 connect ideas1 repeat words and sounds1 go about it in any way you please1 so that you will form a mental habit of connecting the battle of ,hastings with the idea of arbitrament of war1 and so on for the other links in the chain1 and the work is done4 ,loisette makes the beginning of his system unnecessarily difficult1 to say nothing of his illogical arrangement in the grammar of the art of memory1 which he makes the first of his lessons4 ,he analyzes suggestion thus3 #a4 ,inclusion4 #b4 ,exclusion4 #c4 ,concurrence4 ,all of which looks very scientific and orderly1 but is really misleading and badly named4 ,the truth is that one idea will suggest another4 #a4 ,by likeness or opposition of meaning1 as house suggests room or door1 etc41 or white suggests blacks1 cruel1 kind1 etc4 #b4 ,by likeness of sound1 as harrow and barrow2 ,henry and ,hennepin4 #c4 ,by mental juxtaposition1 a peculiarity different in each person and depending upon each one's own experiences4 ,thus ,st4 ,charles suggests railway bridge to me1 because ,i was vividly impressed by the breaking of the ,wabash bridge at that point4 ,stable and broken leg come near each other in my experience1 so do cow and shot-gun and licking4 ,out of these three sorts of suggestions it is possible to get from any one fact to any other in a chain certain and safe1 along which the mind may be depended upon afterward always to follow4 ,the chain is1 of course1 by no means all4 ,its making and its binding must be accompanied by a vivid1 methodically directed attention1 which turns all the mental light gettable in a focus upon the subject passing across the mind's screen4 ,before ,loisette was thought of this was known4 ,in the old times in ,england1 in order to impress upon the minds of the rising generation the parish boundaries in the rural districts1 the boys were taken to each of the landmarks in succession1 the position and bearings of each pointed out carefully1 and1 in order to deepen the impression1 the young people were then and there vigorously thrashed1 a mechanical method of attracting the attention which was said never to have failed4 ,this system has had its supporters in many of the old-fashioned schools1 and there are men who will read these lines who can recall1 with an itching sense of vivid expression1 the #add lickings which were said to go with the multiplication table4 ,in default of a thrashing1 however1 the student must cultivate as best he can an intense fixity of perception upon every fact or word or date that he wishes to make permanently his own4 ,it is easy4 ,it is a matter of habit4 ,if you will you can photograph an idea upon your cerebral gelatine so that neither years nor events will blot it out or overlay it4 ,you must be clearly and distinctly aware of the thing you are putting into your mental treasure-house1 and drastically certain of the cord by which you have tied it to some other thing of which you are sure4 ,unless it is worth your while to do this1 you might as well abandon any hopes of mnemonic improvement1 which will not come without the hardest kind of hard work1 although it is work that will grow constantly easier with practice and reiteration4 ,you need1 then3 #a4 ,methodic suggestion4 #b4 ,methodic attention4 #c4 ,methodic reiteration4 ,and this is all there is to ,loisette1 and a great deal it is4 ,two of them will not do without the third4 ,you do not know how many steps there are from your hall-door to your bed-room1 though you have attended to and often reiterated the journey4 ,but if there are twenty of them1 and you have once bound the word nice1 or nose1 or news1 or hyenas1 to the fact of the stairway1 you could never forget it4 ,the ,professor makes a point1 and very wisely1 of the importance of working through some established chain1 so that the whole may be carried away in the mind--not alone for the value of the facts so bound together1 but for the mental discipline so afforded4 ,here1 then1 is the ,president ,series1 which contains the name and the date of inauguration of each ,president from ,washington to ,cleveland4 ,the manner in which it is to be mastered is this3 ,beginning at the top1 try to find in your mind some connection between each word and the one following it4 ,see how you can at some future time make one suggest the next1 either by suggestion of sound or sense1 or by mental juxtaposition4 ,when you have found this dwell on it attentively for a moment or two4 ,pass it backward and forward before you1 and then go on to the next step4 ,the chain runs thus1 the names of the ,presidents being in small caps1 the date word in italics3 ,president ,chosen as the first word as the one most apt to occur to the mind of any one wishing to repeat the names of the ,presidents4 ,dentist ,president and dentist4 ,draw ,what does a dentist do8 ,to give up ,when something is drawn from one it is given up4 ,this is a date phrase meaning #aghi4 ,self-sacrifice ,there is an association of thought between giving and self-sacrifice4 ,,washington ,associate the quality of self-sacrifice with ,washington's character4 ,morning wash ,washington and wash4 ,dew ,early witness and dew4 ,flower beds ,dew and flowers4 ,took a bouquet ,flowers and bouquet4 ,date phrase 7#agjg47 ,garden ,bouquet and garden4 ,eden ,the first garden4 ,adam ,juxtaposition of thought4 ,,adams ,suggestion by sound4 ,fall ,juxtaposition by thought4 ,failure ,fall and failure4 ,deficit ,upon a failure there is usually a deficit4 ,date word 7#ahja47 ,debt ,the consequence of a deficit4 ,bonds ,debt and bonds4 ,confederate bonds ,suggestion by meaning4 ,jefferson ,davis ,juxtaposition of thought4 ,,jefferson4 ,now1 follow out the rest for yourself1 taking about ten at a time1 and binding those you do last to those you have done before each time1 before attacking the next bunch4 #a #b #c ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ,,jefferson the fraud the heavy shell ,judge ,jeffreys painted clay mollusk bloody assize baked clay unfamiliar word bereavement tiles dictionary too heavy a sob ,,tyler ,johnson's parental grief ,wat ,tyler ,,johnson mad son poll tax son ,,madison compulsory bad son ,madeira free will dishonest boy first-rate wine free offering thievish boy frustrating burnt offering take defeating poker give feet ,,polk ,,grant toe the line end of dance award row termination ly school premium ,,munroe adverb examination row part of speech cramming boat part of a man fagging steamer ,,taylor laborer the funnel measurer hay field windpipe theodolite ,,hayes throat ,theophilus hazy quinzy fill us clear ,,quinzy ,,adams ,,fillmore vivid quince more fuel brightly lighted fine fruit the flame camp fire the fine boy flambeau war field sailor boy bow ,,garfield sailor arrow ,guiteau jack tar ,,pierce murderer ,,jackson hurt prisoner stone wall feeling prison fare indomitable wound half fed tough make soldier well fed oaken furniture cannon well read bureau ,,buchanan author ,,van ,,buren rebuke ,,arthur rent official censure round table side-splitting to officiate tea table divert wedding tea cup annoy linked half full harrassing ,,lincoln divide ,,harrison link cleave ,old ,harry stroll ,,cleveland the tempter sea shore ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ,it will be noted that some of the date words1 as free will1 only give three figures of the date1 #hde2 but it is to be supposed that if the student knows that many figures in the date of ,polk's inauguration he can guess the other one4 ,the curious thing about this system will now become apparent4 ,if the reader has learned the series so that he can say it down from first ,president to ,cleveland1 he can with no effort1 and without any further preparation1 say it backward1 from ,cleveland up to the commencement4 ,there could be no better proof that this is the natural mnemonic system4 ,it proves itself by its works4 ---------------------------------------- ---------- #j--;hoes ---------------------------------------- ---------- #a--wheat #cd--mare #fg--;jockey #b--;hen #ce--mill #fh--shave #c--;home #cf--;image #fi--ship #d--;hair #cg--mug #gj--;eggs #e--oil #ch--muff #ga--;gate #f--shoe #ci--mob #gb--;gun #g--;hook #dj--race #gc--;comb #h--off #da--;hart #gd--;hawker #i--;bee #db--;horn #ge--;coal #aj--;daisy #dc--;army #gf--;cage #aa--tooth #dd--warrior #gg--;cake #ab--;dine #de--royal #gh--;coffee #ac--time #df--;arch #gi--;cube #ad--tower #dg--rock #hj--vase #ae--;dell #dh--wharf #ha--;feet #af--;ditch #di--rope #hb--vein #ag--;duck #ej--wheels #hc--;fame #ah--;dove #ea--lad #hd--;fire #ai--tabby #eb--lion #he--vial #bj--;hyenas #ec--lamb #hf--;fish #ba--;hand #ed--lair #hg--;fig #bb--nun #ee--lily #hh--;fife #bc--name #ef--lodge #hi--;fib #bd--owner #eg--lake #ij--pies #be--nail #eh--leaf #ia--putty #bf--;hinge #ei--;elbow #ib--pane #bg--;ink #fj--;chess #ic--;bomb #bh--knife #fa--;cheat #id--;bier #bi--knob #fb--;chain #ie--;bell #cj--muse #fc--sham #if--peach #ca--mayday #fd--;chair #ig--;book #cb--;hymen #fe--;jail #ih--;beef #cc--mama #ff--;judge #ii--pope ------------------ #ajj--;diocese ---------------------------------------- -------- ,the series should be repeated backward and forward every day for a month1 and should be supplemented by a series of the reader's own making1 and by this one1 which gives the numbers from #j to #ajj1 and which must be chained together before they can be learned4 ,by the use of this table1 which should be committed as thoroughly as the ,president series1 so that it can be repeated backwards and forwards1 any date1 figure or number can be at once constructed1 and bound by the usual chain to the fact which you wish it to accompany4 ,when the student wishes to go farther and attack larger problems than the simple binding of two facts together1 there is little in ,loisette's system that is new1 although there is much that is good4 ,if it is a book that is to be learned1 as one would prepare for an examination1 each chapter is to be considered separately4 ,of each a precis is to be written in which the writer must exercise all of his ingenuity to reduce the matter in hand to its final skeleton of fact4 ,this he is to commit to memory both by the use of the chain and the old system of interrogation4 ,suppose after much labor through a wide space of language one boils a chapter to an event down to the final irreducible sediment3 ,magna ,charta was exacted by the barons from ,king ,john at ,runnymede4 ,you must now turn this statement this way and that way1 asking yourself about it every possible and impossible question1 gravely considering the answers1 and1 if you find any part of it especially difficult to remember1 chaining it to the question which will bring it out4 ,thus1 ,what was exacted by the barons from ,king ,john at ,runnymede8 ,magna ,charta4 ,by whom was ,magna ,charta exacted from ,king ,john at ,runnymede8 ,by the barons4 ,from whom was1 etc41 etc48 ,king ,john4 ,from what king1 etc41 etc48 ,king ,john4 ,where was ,magna ,charta1 etc41 etc48 ,at ,runnymede4 ,and so on and so on1 as long as your ingenuity can suggest questions to ask1 or points of view from which to consider the statement4 ,your mind will be finally saturated with the information and prepared to spill it out at the first squeeze of the examiner4 ,this1 however1 is not new4 ,it was taught in the schools hundreds of years before ,loisette was born4 ,old newspaper men will recall in connection with it ,horace ,greeley's statement that the test of a news item was the clear and satisfactory manner in which a report answered the interrogatories1 ,what8 ,when8 ,where8 ,who8 ,why8 ,in the same way ,loisette advises the learning of poetry1 e4g41 ,the ,assyrian came down like a wolf on the fold4 ,who came down8 ,how did the ,assyrian come down8 ,like what animal did8 etc4 ,and so on and so on1 until the verses are exhausted of every scrap of information to be had out of them by the most assiduous cross-examination4 ,whatever the reader may think of the availability or value of this part of the system1 there are so many easily applicable tests of the worth of much that ,loisette has done1 that it may be taken with the rest4 ,few people1 to give an easy example1 can remember the value of -- the ratio between the circumference and the diameter of the circle--beyond four places of decimals1 or at most six--#c1ada1eib4 ,here is the value to #ajh decimal places3 #c4 #adaeibfe4cehigicbch4dfbfdcchcb4giejbhhd ai4gaficiicge4ajehbjigdi4 #ddeibcjgha4fdjfbhfbjh4iihfbhjcdh4becdba agjf4gi #hbadhjhf ,by a very simple application of the numerical letter values these #ajh decimal places can be carried in the mind and recalled about as fast as you can write them down4 ,all that is to be done is to memorize these nonsense lines3 ,mother ,day will buy any shawl4 ,my love pick up my new muff4 ,a ,russian jeer may move a woman4 ,cables enough for ,utopia4 ,get a cheap ham pie by my cooley4 ,the slave knows a bigger ape4 ,i rarely hop on my sick foot4 ,cheer a sage in a fashion safe4 ,a baby fish now views my wharf4 ,annually ,mary ,ann did kiss a jay4 ,a cabby found a rough savage4 ,now translate each significant into its proper value and you have the task accomplished4 ,mother ,day1 m equals #c1 th equals #a1 r equals #d1 d equals #a1 and so on4 ,learn the lines one at a time by the method of interrogatories4 ,who will buy any shawl8 ,which ,mrs4 ,day will buy a shawl8 ,is ,mother ,day particular about the sort of shawl she will buy8 ,has she bought a shawl8 etc41 etc4 ,then cement the end of each line to the beginning of the next one1 thus1 ,shawl--warm garment--warmth--love--my love1 and go on as before4 ,stupid as the work may seem to you1 you can memorize the figures in fifteen minutes this way so that you will not forget them in fifteen years4 ,similarly you can take ,haydn's ,dictionary of ,dates and turn fact after fact into nonsense lines like these which you cannot lose4 ,and this ought to be enough to show anybody the whole art4 ,if you look back across the sands of time and find out that it is that ridiculous old ,thirty days hath ,september1 which comes to you when you are trying to think of the length of ,october--if you can quote your old prosody1 ,o datur ambiguis1 etc4 with much more certainty than you can serve up your ,horace2 if in fine1 jingles and alliterations1 wise and otherwise1 have stayed with you1 while solid and serviceable information has faded away1 you may be certain that here is the key to the enigma of memory4 ,you can apply it yourself in a hundred ways4 ,if you wish to clinch in your mind the fact that ,mr4 ,love lives at #dhe ,dearborn ,street1 what is more easy than to turn #dhe into the words rifle and chain the ideas together1 say thus3 ,love--happiness--good time--picnic--forest--wood rangers--range--rifle range--rifle--fine weapon--costly weapon--dearly bought--,,dearborn4 ,or if you wish to remember ,mr4 ,bowman's name1 and you notice he has a mole on his face which is apt to attract your attention when you next see him1 cement the ideas thus3 ,mole1 mark1 target1 archer1 ,bowman4 ,,facts ,,worth ,,knowing4 ,,handy ,,facts ,,to ,,settle ,,many ,,arguments ,london plague in #affe4 ,telephone invented #ahfa4 ,there are #b1gej languages4 ,two persons die every second4 ,sound moves #gdc miles per hour4 ,chinese invented paper #agj ,b4,c4 ,a square mile contains #fdj acres4 ,a barrel of pork weighs #bjj pounds4 ,hawks can fly #aej miles in one hour4 ,watches were first constructed in #adgf4 ,chinese in ,united ,states in #ahhj1 #aje1fac4 ,rome was founded by ,romulus1 #geb ,b4,c4 ,gold was discovered in ,california in #ahdh4 ,phonograph invented by ,t4 ,a4 ,edison1 #ahgg4 ,the first balloon ascended from ,lyons1 ,france1 #aghc4 ,the first fire insurance office in ,america1 ,boston1 #agbd4 ,jet is found along the coast of ,yorkshire1 ,eng41 near ,whitby4 ,napoleon ,i4 crowned emperor #ahjd2 died at ,st4 ,helena1 #ahbj4 ,electric light invented by ,lodyguin and ,kossloff1 at ,london1 #ahgd4 ,harvard is the oldest college in the ,united ,states3 established #afch4 ,war declared with ,great ,britain1 ,june #ai1 #ahab2 peace ,feb4 #ah1 #ahae4 ,until #aggf cotton spinning was performed by the hand spinning-wheel4 ,measure #bji feet on each side and you will have a square acre within an inch4 ,postage stamps first came into use in ,england in the year #ahdj2 in the ,united ,states in #ahdg4 ,the highest range of mountains are the ,himalayas1 the mean elevation being from #af1jjj to #ah1jjj feet4 ,envelopes were first used in #ahci4 ,telescopes were invented in #aeij4 ,iron horseshoes were made in #dha4 ,a barrel of flour weighs #aif pounds4 ,a hand 7horse measure7 is four inches4 ,a rifle ball moves #a1jjj miles per hour4 ,first steamer crossed the ,atlantic1 #ahai4 ,assassination of ,lincoln1 ,april #ad1 #ahfe4 ,german empire re-established1 ,jan4 #ah1 #ahga4 ,storm clouds move thirty-six miles an hour4 ,first subscription library1 ,philadelphia1 #agca4 ,dark ,ages1 from the #fth to the #adth century4 ,the ,latin tongue became obsolete about #ehj4 ,the great ,london fire occurred ,sept4 #bf1 #afff4 ,the value of a ton of pure gold is #fjb1gii4ba4 ,ether was first used for surgical purposes in #ahdd4 ,ignatius ,loyola founded the order of ,jesuits1 #aeda4 ,first authentic use of organs1 #gee2 in ,england1 #iea4 ,the first newspaper advertisement appeared in #afeb4 ,cork is the bark taken from a species of the oak tree4 ,benjamin ,franklin used the first lightning rods1 #ageb4 ,glass windows 7colored7 were used in the #hth century4 ,authentic history of ,china commenced #c1jjj years ,b4,c4 ,introduction of homoepathy into the ,united ,states1 #ahbe4 ,spectacles were invented by an ,italian in the #acth century4 ,medicine was introduced into ,rome from ,greece1 #bjj ,b4,c4 ,first electric telegraph1 ,paddington to ,brayton1 ,eng41 #ahce4 ,the ,chaldeans were the first people who worked in metals4 ,first life insurance1 in ,london1 #aggb2 in ,america1 ,philadelphia1 #ahab4 ,egyptian pottery is the oldest known2 dates from #b1jjj ,b4,c4 ,julius ,caesar invaded ,britain1 #ee ,b4,c42 assassinated1 #dd ,b4,c4 ,soap was first manufactured in ,england in the #afth century4 ,the largest free territorial government is the ,united ,states4 ,first photographs produced in ,england1 #ahjb2 perfected1 #ahda4 ,first marine insurance1 ,a4,d4 #ecc2 ,england1 #aeih2 ,america1 #agba4 ,professor ,oersted1 ,copenhagen1 discovered electro-magnetism1 in #ahai4 ,first ,american express1 ,new ,york to ,boston--,w4 ,f4 ,harnden4 ,glass windows were first introduced into ,england in the #hth century4 ,chicago is little more than fifty years old1 and is the eighteenth city of the world4 ,glass was made in ,egypt1 #cjjj ,b4,c42 earliest date of transparent glass1 #gai ,b4,c4 ,first public schools in ,america were established in the ,new ,england ,states about #afdb4 ,the largest inland sea is the ,caspian1 between ,europe and ,asia1 being #gjj miles long and #bgj miles wide4 ,the term ,almighty ,dollar originated with ,washington ,irving1 as a satire on the ,american love for gain4 ,the highest natural bridge in the world is at ,rockbridge1 ,virginia1 being #bjj feet high to the bottom of the arch4 ,the largest circulation of paper money is that of the ,united ,states1 being #gjj millions1 while ,russia has #fgj millions4 ,the largest insurance company in the world is the ,mutual ,life of ,new ,york ,city1 having cash assets of #ajh1jjj1jjj4 ,the largest empire in the world is that of ,great ,britain1 being #h1eeg1feh square miles1 and more than a sixth part of the globe4 ,the first electrical signal ever transmitted between ,europe and ,america passed over the ,field submarine cable on ,aug4 #e1 #aheh4 ,the longest tunnel in the world is ,st4 ,gothard1 on the line of the railroad between ,luzerne and ,milan1 being nine and one-half miles in length4 ,the loftiest active volcano is ,popocatapetl4 ,it is #ag1ghd feet high1 and has a crater three miles in circumference and #a1jjj feet deep4 ,burnt brick was known to have been used in building the ,tower of ,babel4 ,they were introduced into ,england by the ,romans4 ,the most remarkable echo known is that in the castle of ,simonetta1 two miles from ,milan4 ,it repeats the echo of a pistol sixty times4 ,the largest volcano in the world is ,etna4 ,its base is #ij miles in circumference2 its cone #aa1jjj feet high4 ,its first eruption occurred #dgd ,b4,c4 ,the largest tree in the world1 as yet discovered1 is in ,tulare ,county1 ,california4 ,it is #bge feet high and #ajf feet in circumference at its base4 ,the largest desert is ,sahara1 in ,northern ,africa4 ,its length is #c1jjj miles and breadth #ijj miles2 having an area of #b1jjj1jjj square miles4 ,the largest suspension bridge is in ,brooklyn4 ,the length of the main span is #a1eie feet #f inches4 ,the entire length of the bridge is #e1ihi feet4 ,the first deaf and dumb asylum was founded in ,england by ,thomas ,braidwood1 #agfj2 and the first in the ,united ,states was at ,hartford1 #ahag4 ,the largest diamond in the world is the ,braganza1 being a part of the ,portuguese jewels4 ,it weighs #a1hhj carats4 ,it was found in ,brazil in #agda4 ,the grade of titles in ,great ,britain stands in the following order from the highest3 ,a ,prince1 ,duke1 ,marquis1 ,earl1 ,viscount1 ,baron1 ,baronet1 ,knight4 ,the largest number of cattle ever received in one year was that of ,chicago in the year #ahhd1 being #a1hgd1ihd beeves1 #cj1bbc calves1 #e1fdj1fbe hogs1 #gdi1iag sheep and #ae1fbe horses4 ,it required #i1jjj trains of #ca cars each1 which1 if coupled together1 would reach #b1adf miles4 ,the ,valley of ,death1 in the island of ,java1 is simply the crater of an extinct volcano1 filled with carbonic-acid gas4 ,it is half a mile in circumference4 ,the city of ,amsterdam1 ,holland1 is built upon piles driven into the ground4 ,it is intersected by numerous canals1 crossed by nearly three hundred bridges4 ,coal was used as fuel in ,england as early as #heb1 and in #abcd the first charter to dig for it was granted by ,henry ,,iii4 to the inhabitants of ,newcastle-on-,tyne4 ,tobacco was discovered in ,san ,domingo in #adif2 afterwards by the ,spaniards in ,yucatan in #aebj4 ,it was introduced in ,france in #aefj1 and into ,england in #aehc4 ,the present national colors of the ,united ,states were not adopted by ,congress until #aggg4 ,the flag was first used by ,washington at ,cambridge1 ,january #a1 #aggf4 ,paris was known as ,lutetia until #aahd1 when the name of the great ,french capital was changed to that which it has borne ever since4 ,the longest span of wire in the world is used for a telegraph in ,india over the river ,ristuah4 ,it is over #f1jjj feet1 and is stretched between two hills #a1bjj feet high4 ,the largest library in the world is in ,paris1 founded by ,louis ,,xiv4 ,it contains #a1djj1jjj volumes1 #age1jjj manuscripts1 #cjj1jjj maps and charts1 and #aej1jjj coins and medals4 ,the tallest man was ,john ,hale1 of ,lancashire1 ,england1 who was nine feet six inches in height4 ,his hand was seventeen inches long and eight and one-half inches broad4 ,in round numbers1 the weight of #a1jjj1jjj in standard gold coin is #a-c_/d tons2 standard silver coin1 #bf-c_/d tons2 subsidiary silver coin1 #be tons2 minor coins1 #e-;cent nickel1 #ajj tons4 ,the largest stationery engine in the world is at the zinc mines at ,friedenville1 ,pa4 ,the number of gallons of water raised every minute is #ag1ejj4 ,the driving wheels are #ce feet diameter and weigh #dj tons each4 ,the cylinder is #aaj inches in diameter4 ,the part of ,united ,states territory most recently acquired is the island of ,san ,juan1 near ,vancouver's ,island4 ,it was evacuated by ,england at the close of ,november1 #ahgc4 ,the highest monument in the world is the ,washington monument1 being #eee feet4 ,the highest structure of any kind is the ,eiffel ,tower1 ,paris1 finished in #ahhi and #ihi feet high4 ,it is claimed that crows1 eagles1 ravens and swans live to be #ajj years old2 herons1 #ei2 parrots1 #fj2 pelicans and geese1 #ej2 skylarks1 #cj2 sparrow hawks1 #dj2 peacocks1 canaries and cranes1 #bd4 ,the greatest cataract in the world is ,niagara1 the height of the ,american falls being #afe feet4 ,the highest fall of water in the world is that of the ,yosemite in ,california1 being #b1eej feet4 ,the most ancient catacombs are those of the ,theban kings1 begun #d1jjj years ago4 ,the catacombs of ,rome contain the remains of about #f1jjj1jjj human beings2 those of ,paris1 #c1jjj1jjj4 ,the quickest passage ever made across the ,atlantic was that of the steamer ,lucania1 of the ,cunard line1 being #e days #g hours and #bc minutes from ,new ,york to ,queenstown2 the distance being #b1hej miles4 ,there has been no irregularity in the recurrence of leap year every four years since #ahjj1 and will be none until #aijj1 which will be a common year1 although it will come fourth after the preceding leap year4 ,the first ,english newspaper was the ,english ,mercury1 issued in the reign of ,queen ,elizabeth1 and was issued in the shape of a pamphlet4 ,the ,gazette of ,venice was the original model of the modern newspaper4 ,the ,mormon ,church in ,utah shows a membership of #abg1bid--bc1jjj families4 ,the church has #ab apostles1 #eh patriarchs1 #c1hhe seventies1 #c1aec high priests1 #aa1jjj elders1 #a1ejj bishops and #d1djj deacons1 being an office for each six persons4 ,a monkey wrench is not so named because it is a handy thing to monkey with1 or for any kindred reason4 ,monkey is not its name at all1 but ,moncky4 ,charles ,moncky1 the inventor of it1 sold his patent for #b1jjj1 and invested the money in a house in ,williamsburg1 ,king's ,county1 ,n4,y41 where he now lives4 ,the ,union arch of the ,washington ,aqueduct is the largest in the world1 being #bbj feet2 #bj feet in excess of the ,chester arch across the ,dee in ,england1 #fh feet longer than that of the ,london bridge2 #ib feet longer than that at ,neuilly on the ,seine1 and #ajj feet longer than that of ,waterloo bridge4 ,the height of the ,washington arch is #ajj feet4 ,the largest ship ever built1 the ,great ,eastern1 recently broken to pieces and sold to junk dealers1 was designed and constructed by ,scott ,russell1 at ,maxwell1 on the ,thames4 ,work on the giant vessel was commenced in ,may1 #ahed4 ,she was successfully launched ,january #ac1 #aheh4 ,the launching alone occupied the time from ,november #c1 #aheg1 until the date above given4 ,her total length was #fjj feet2 breadth1 #aah feet2 total weight when launched #ab1jjj tons4 ,her first trip of any consequence was made to ,new ,york in #ahei-fj4 ,the most extensive mines in the world are those of ,freiberg1 ,saxony4 ,they were begun in the twelfth century1 and in #ahce the galleries1 taken collectively1 had reached the unprecedented length of #abc miles4 ,a new gallery1 begun in #ahch1 had reached a length of eight miles at the time of the census of #ahgh4 ,the deepest perpendicular mining shaft in the world is located at ,prizilram1 ,bohemia4 ,it is a lead mine2 it was begun #ahcb4 ,january1 #ahhj1 it was #c1bhj feet deep4 ,the deepest coal mine in the world is near ,tourney1 ,belgium2 it is #c1edb feet in depth1 but1 unlike the lead mine mentioned above1 it is not perpendicular4 ,the deepest rock-salt bore in the world is near ,berlin1 ,prussia2 it is #d1ahe feet deep4 ,the deepest hole ever bored into the earth is the artesian well at ,pottsdam1 which is #e1ejj feet in depth4 ,the deepest coal mines in ,england are the ,dunkirk colleries of ,lancashire1 which are #b1hbd feet in depth4 ,the deepest coal shaft in the ,united ,states is located at ,pottsville1 ,pa4 ,in #ahhe it had reached a depth of #a1egf feet4 ,from this great depth #djj cars1 holding four tons each1 are hoisted daily4 ,the deepest silver mine in the ,united ,states is the ,yellow ,jacket1 one of the great ,comstock system at ,virginia ,city1 ,nevada2 the lower levels are #b1gjj feet below the hoisting works4 ,,fate ,,of ,,the ,,apostles4--,the following brief history of the fate of the ,apostles may be new to those whose reading has not been evangelical3 ,st4 ,matthew is supposed to have suffered martyrdom or was slain with the sword at the city of ,ethiopia4 ,st4 ,mark was dragged through the streets of ,alexandria1 in ,egypt1 till he expired4 ,st4 ,luke was hanged upon an olive tree in ,greece4 ,st4 ,john was put into a cauldron of boiling oil at ,rome and escaped death4 ,he afterward died a natural death at ,ephesus in ,asia4 ,st4 ,james the ,great was beheaded at ,jerusalem4 ,st4 ,james the ,less was thrown from a pinnacle or wing of the temple and then beaten to death with a fuller's club4 ,st4 ,philip was hanged up against a pillar at ,hieropolis1 a city of ,phrygia4 ,st4 ,bartholomew was flayed alive by the command of a barbarous king4 ,st4 ,andrew was bound to a cross1 whence he preached unto the people until he expired4 ,st4 ,thomas was run through the body with a lance at ,caromandel1 in the ,east ,indias4 ,st4 ,jude was shot to death with arrows4 ,st4 ,simon ,zealot was crucified in ,persia4 ,st4 ,matthias was first stoned and then beheaded4 ,st4 ,barnabas was stoned to death by ,jews at ,salania4 ,st4 ,paul was beheaded at ,rome by the tyrant ,nero4 ,the capital of the ,united ,states has been located at different times at the following places3 ,at ,philadelphia from ,september #e1 #aggd1 until ,december1 #aggf2 at ,baltimore from ,december #bj1 #aggf1 to ,march1 #aggg2 at ,philadelphia from ,march #d1 #aggg1 to ,september1 #aggg2 at ,lancaster1 ,pa41 from ,september #bg1 #aggg1 to ,september #cj1 #aggg2 at ,york1 ,pa41 from ,september #cj1 #aggg1 to ,july1 #aggh2 at ,philadelphia from ,july #b1 #aggh1 to ,june #cj1 #aghc2 at ,princeton1 ,n4,j41 ,june #cj1 #aghc1 to ,november #bj1 #aghc2 ,annapolis1 ,md41 ,november #bf1 #aghc1 to ,november #cj1 #aghd2 ,trenton1 from ,november1 #aghd1 to ,january1 #aghe2 ,new ,york from ,january #aa1 #aghe1 to #agij2 then the seat of government was removed to ,philadelphia1 where it remained until #ahjj1 since which time it has been in ,washington4 ,,the ,,single ,,tax4 ,this idea was first formulated by ,mr4 ,henry ,george in #ahgi1 and has grown steadily in favor4 ,single tax men assert as a fundamental principle that all men are equally entitled to the use of the earth2 therefore1 no one should be allowed to hold valuable land without paying to the community the value of the privilege4 ,they hold that this is the only rightful source of public revenue1 and they would therefore abolish all taxation--local1 ,state and ,national--except a tax upon the rental value of land exclusive of its improvements1 the revenue thus raised to be divided among local1 ,state and general governments1 as the revenue from certain direct taxes is now divided between local and ,state governments4 ,the single tax would not fall on all land1 but only on valuable land1 and on that in proportion to its value4 ,it would thus be a tax1 not on use or improvements1 but on ownership of land1 taking what would otherwise go to the landlord as owner4 ,in accordance with the principle that all men are equally entitled to the use of the earth1 they would solve the transportation problem by public ownership and control of all highways1 including the roadbeds of railroads1 leaving their use equally free to all4 ,the single tax system would1 they claim1 dispense with a hoard of tax-gatherers1 simplify government1 and greatly reduce its cost2 give us with all the world that absolute free trade which now exists between the ,states of the ,union2 abolish all taxes on private uses of money2 take the weight of taxation from agricultural districts1 where land has little or no value apart from improvements1 and put it upon valuable land1 such as city lots and mineral deposits4 ,it would call upon men to contribute for public expenses in proportion to the natural opportunities they monopolize1 and make it unprofitable for speculators to hold land unused1 or only partly used1 thus opening to labor unlimited fields of employment1 solving the labor problem and abolishing involuntary poverty4 ,,value ,,of ,,foreign ,,coins4 ,proclaimed by ,law1 ,january #a1 #ahia4 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,,country4 ,monetary ,,standard4 ,value in ,units ,u4,s4 ,money ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,argentine ,republic ,peso ,gold and ,silver 4#if #e-aj ,austria ,florin ,silver 4#ch #a-aj ,belgium ,franc ,gold and ,silver 4#ai #c-aj ,bolivia ,boliviano ,silver 4#gg #a-aj ,brazil ,milreis ,gold 4#ed #f-aj ,canada ,dollar ,gold #a4jj ,chili ,peso ,gold and ,silver 4#ia #b-aj ,china ,tael ,silver #a4bg ,cuba ,peso ,gold and ,silver 4#ib #f-aj ,denmark ,crown ,gold 4#bf #h-aj ,ecuador ,peso ,silver 4#gg #a-aj ,egypt ,piaster ,gold 4#jd #i-aj ,france ,franc ,gold and ,silver 4#ai #c-aj ,great ,britain ,pound ,sterling,gold #d4hf #f-ajj ,greece ,drachma ,gold and ,silver 4#ai #c-aj ,german ,empire ,mark ,gold 4#bc #h-aj ,hayti ,gourde ,gold and ,silver 4#if #e-aj ,india ,rupee ,silver 4#cf #f-aj ,italy ,lira ,gold and ,silver 4#ai #c-aj ,japan ,yen ,silver 4#he #h-aj ,liberia ,dollar ,gold #a4jj ,mexico ,dollar ,silver 4#hc #g-aj ,netherlands ,florin ,gold and ,silver 4#dj #b-aj ,norway ,crown ,gold 4#bf #h-aj ,peru ,sol ,silver 4#gg #a-aj ,portugal ,milreis ,gold #a4jh ,russia ,rouble ,silver 4#fa #g-aj ,sandwich ,islands ,dollar ,gold #a4jj ,spain ,peseta ,gold and ,silver 4#ai #c-aj ,sweden ,crown ,gold 4#bf #h-aj ,switzerland ,franc ,gold and ,silver 4#ai #c-aj ,tripoli ,mahbub ,silver 4#fi #e-aj ,turkey ,piaster ,gold 4#jd #d-aj ,u4,s4 of ,columbia ,peso ,silver 4#gi #e-aj ,venezuela ,bolivar ,gold and ,silver 4#ae #d-aj ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,the largest producing farm in the world lies in the southwest corner of ,louisiana1 owned by a northern syndicate4 ,it runs one hundred miles north and south4 ,the immense tract is divided into convenient pastures1 with stations of ranches every six miles4 ,the fencing alone cost nearly #ej1jjj4 ,the ,seven ,wonders of the ,world are seven most remarkable objects of the ancient world4 ,they are3 ,the ,pyramids of ,egypt1 ,pharos of ,alexandria1 ,walls and ,hanging ,gardens of ,babylon1 ,temple of ,diana at ,ephesus1 the ,statue of the ,olympian ,jupiter1 ,mausoleum of ,artemisia1 and ,colossus of ,rhodes4 ,the seven sages flourished in ,greece in the #fth century ,b4,c4 ,they were renowned for their maxims of life and as the authors of the mottoes inscribed in the ,delphian ,temple4 ,their names are3 ,solon1 ,chilo1 ,pittacus1 ,bias1 ,periander1 ,clebolus and ,thales4 ,the estimated number of ,christians in the world is over #djh1jjj1jjj2 of ,buddhists1 #dbj1jjj1jjj2 of the followers of ,brahma1 #ahj1jjj1jjj2 of ,mohammedans1 #aej1jjj1jjj2 of ,jews1 #h1jjj1jjj2 of atheists1 deists1 and infidels1 #he1jjj1jjj2 of pagans1 #ej1jjj1jjj1 and of the #a1ajj other minor creeds1 #abc1jjj1jjj4 ,in #agge there were only #bg newspapers published in the ,united ,states4 ,ten years later1 in #aghe1 there were seven published in the ,english language in ,philadelphia alone1 of which one was a daily4 ,the oldest newspaper published in ,philadelphia at the time of the ,federal convention was the ,pennsylvania ,gazette1 established by ,samuel ,keimer1 in #agbh4 ,the second newspaper in point of age was the ,pennsylvania ,journal1 established in #agdb by ,william ,bradford1 whose uncle1 ,andrew ,bradford1 established the first newspaper in ,pennsylvania1 the ,american ,weekly ,mercury1 in #agai4 ,the next in age1 but the first in importance1 was the ,pennsylvania ,packet1 established by ,john ,dunlop in #agga4 ,in #aghd it became a daily1 being the first daily newspaper printed on this continent4 ,,gems ,,of ,,thought4 ,,poor ,,richard',s ,,almanac ,,by ,benjamin ,franklin4 ,,poor ,,richard',s ,,almanac4 ,,courteous ,,reader3 ,i have heard that nothing gives an author so great pleasure as to find his works respectfully quoted by other learned authors4 ,this pleasure ,i have seldom enjoyed4 ,for though ,i have been1 if ,i may say it without vanity1 an eminent author of ,almanacs annually now for a full quarter of a century1 my brother authors in the same way1 for what reason ,i know not1 have ever been very sparing in their applauses2 and no other author has taken the least notice of me2 so that did not my writings produce me some solid pudding1 the great deficiency of praise would have quite discouraged me4 ,i concluded at length that the people were the best judges of my merit1 for they buy my works2 and besides1 in my rambles where ,i am not personally known1 ,i have frequently heard one or other of my adages repeated1 with as ,poor ,richard says at the end of it4 ,this gives me some satisfaction1 as it showed1 not only that my instructions were regarded1 but discovered likewise some respect for my authority2 and ,i own that to encourage the practice of remembering and repeating those sentences1 ,i have sometimes quoted myself with great activity4 ,judge1 then1 how much ,i must have been gratified by an incident ,i am going to relate to you4 ,i stopped my horse lately where a great number of people were collected at a vendue of merchant's goods4 ,the hour of sale not being come1 they were conversing on the badness of the times2 and one of the company called to a plain1 clean old man with white locks1 ,pray1 ,father ,abraham1 what think you of the times8 ,won't these heavy taxes quite ruin the country8 ,how shall we ever be able to pay them8 ,what would you advise us to do8 ,father ,abraham stood up and replied3 ,if you would have my advice1 ,i will give it you in short2 for ,a word to the wise is enough1 and ,many words won't fill a bushel1 as ,poor ,richard says4 ,they all joined1 desiring him to speak his mind1 and gathering round him1 he proceeded as follows3 ,friends1 says he1 and neighbors1 the taxes are indeed very heavy1 and if those laid on by the government were the only ones we had to pay1 we might the more easily discharge them2 but we have many others1 and much more grievous to some of us4 ,we are taxed twice as much by our ,,idleness1 three times as much by our ,,pride and four times as much by our ,,folly2 and from these taxes the commissioners cannot ease or deliver us1 by allowing an abatement4 ,however1 let us hearken to good advice1 and something may be done for us2 ,god helps them that help themselves1 as ,poor ,richard says in his ,almanac of #agcc4 ,it would be thought a hard government that should tax its people one-tenth part of their ,,time1 to be employed in its service1 but idleness taxes many of us much more1 if we reckon all that is spent in absolute sloth1 or doing of nothing1 with that which is spent in idle employments or amusements that amount to nothing4 ,sloth1 by bringing on disease1 absolutely shortens life4 ,sloth1 like rust1 consumes faster than labor wears2 while the used key is always bright1 as ,poor ,richard says4 ,but dost thou love life8 ,then do not squander time1 for that's the stuff life is made of1 as ,poor ,richard says4 ,how much more that is necessary do we spend in sleep8 ,forgetting that the sleeping fox catches no poultry1 and that there will be sleeping enough in the grave1 as ,poor ,richard says4 ,if times be of all things the most precious1 wasting of time must be1 as ,poor ,richard says1 the greatest prodigality2 since1 as he elsewhere tells us1 lost time is never found again2 and what we call time enough6 always proves little enough4 ,let us then up and be doing1 and doing to the purpose2 so1 by diligence1 shall we do more with less perplexity4 ,sloth makes all things difficult1 but industry all things easy1 as ,poor ,richard says2 and ,he that riseth late must trot all day1 and shall scarce overtake his business at night2 while laziness travels so slowly that ,poverty soon overtakes him1 as we read in ,poor ,richard2 who adds1 ,drive thy business6 ,let not that drive thee6 and ,early to bed and early to rise ,makes a man healthy1 wealthy and wise4 ,so what signifies wishing and hoping for better times8 ,we may make these times better if we bestir ourselves4 ,industry need not wish1 as ,poor ,richard says1 and ,he that lives on hope will die fasting4 ,there are no gains without pains2 then help1 hands6 for ,i have no lands2 or if ,i have they are smartly taxed4 ,and1 as ,poor ,richard likewise observes1 ,he that hath a trade hath an estate1 and he that hath a calling hath an honor2 but then the trade must be worked at1 and the calling well followed1 or neither the estate nor the office will enable us to pay our taxes4 ,if we are industrious we shall never starve2 for1 as ,poor ,richard says1 ,at the working-man's house hunger looks in1 but dares not enter4 ,nor will the bailiff or the constable enter1 for ,industry pays debts1 while despair increaseth them4 ,what though you have found no treasure1 nor has any rich relation left you a legacy1 ,diligence is the mother of good luck1 as ,poor ,richard says1 and ,god gives all things to industry ,then plough deep while the sluggards sleep1 ,and you shall have corn to sell and to keep1 says ,poor ,dick4 ,work while it is called to-day1 for you know not how much you may be hindered to-morrow2 which makes ,poor ,richard say1 ,one to-day is worth two to-morrows2 and farther1 ,have you somewhat to do tomorrow8 ,do it to-day6 ,if you were a servant1 would you not be ashamed that a good master should catch you idle8 ,are you then your own master8 ,be ashamed to catch yourself idle1 as ,poor ,richard says4 ,when there is so much to be done for yourself1 your family1 your country1 and your gracious king1 be up by peep of day6 ,let not the sun look down and say1 ,inglorious here he lies6 ,handle your tools without mittens6 remember that ,the cat in gloves catches no mice6 as poor ,richard says4 ',tis true there is much to be done1 and perhaps you are weak-handed2 but stick to it steadily1 and you will see great effects2 for ,constant dropping wears away stones2 and ,by diligence and patience the mouse ate in two the cable2 and ,little strokes fell great oaks2 as ,poor ,richard says in his ,almanac1 the year ,i cannot just now remember4 ,methinks ,i hear some of you say1 ,must a man afford himself no leisure8 ,i will tell1 thee1 my friend1 what ,poor ,richard says1 ,employ thy time well1 if thou meanest to gain leisure2 and ,since thou are not sure of a minute1 throw not away an hour6 ,leisure is time for doing something useful2 this leisure the diligent man will obtain1 but the lazy man never2 so that1 as ,poor ,richard says1 ,a life of leisure and a life of laziness are two things4 ,do you imagine that sloth will afford you more comfort than labor8 ,no6 for as ,poor ,richard says1 ,trouble springs from idleness1 and grievous toil from needless ease4 ,many1 without labor1 would live by their wits only1 but they'll break for want of stock 7i4e4 capital72 whereas industry gives comfort1 and plenty1 and respect4 ,fly pleasures1 and they'll follow you4 ,the diligent spinner has a large shift2 and ,now ,i have a sheep and a cow1 ,everybody bids me good morrow4 ,all which is well said by ,poor ,richard4 ,but with our industry we must likewise be steady1 settled1 and careful1 and oversee our own affairs with our own eyes1 and not trust too much to others2 for1 as ,poor ,richard says1 ,i never saw an oft removed tree1 ,nor yet an oft removed family1 ,that throve so well as those that settled be4 ,and again1 ,three removes are as bad as a fire2 and again1 ,keep thy shop1 and thy shop will keep thee2 and again1 ,if you would have your business done1 go2 if not1 send4 ,and again1 ,he that by the plough would thrive1 ,himself must either hold or drive4 ,and again1 ,the eye of the master will do more work than both his hands2 and again1 ,want of care does us more damage than want of knowledge2 and again1 ,not to oversee workmen is to leave them your purse open4 ,trusting too much to others' care is the ruin of many2 for1 as the ,almanac says1 ,in the affairs of this world men are saved1 not by faith1 but by the want of it2 but a man's own care is profitable2 for saith ,poor ,dick1 ,learning is to the studious and ,riches to the careful2 as well as1 ,power to the bold1 and ,heaven to the virtuous4 ,and further1 ,if you would have a faithful servant1 and one that you like1 serve yourself4 ,and again1 he adviseth to circumspection and care1 even in the smallest matters2 because1 sometimes1 ,a little neglect may breed great mischief2 adding1 for want of a nail the shoe was lost2 for want of a shoe the horse was lost2 and for want of a horse the rider was lost2 being overtaken and slain by the enemy2 all for want of a little care about a horseshoe nail6 ,so much for industry1 my friends1 and attention to one's own business2 but to these we must add frugality1 if we would make our industry more certainly successful4 ,a man may1 if he knows not how to save as he gets1 keep his nose all his life to the grindstone1 and die not worth a groat at last4 ,a fat kitchen makes a lean will1 as ,poor ,richard says2 and ,many estates are spent in the getting1 ,since women for tea#c forsook spinning and knitting1 ,and men for punch forsook hewing and splitting4 #c ,tea at this time was a costly drink1 and was regarded as a luxury4 ,if you would be wealthy1 says he in another ,almanac1 ,think of saving as well as of getting4 ,the ,indies have not made ,spain rich2 because her outgoes are greater than her incomes4 ,away1 then1 with your expensive follies1 and you will not have so much cause to complain of hard times1 heavy taxes1 and chargeable families2 for1 as ,poor ,dick says1-- ,women and wine1 game and deceit1 ,make the wealth small and the wants great4 ,and farther1 ,what maintains one vice would bring up two children4 ,you may think1 perhaps1 that a little tea1 or a little punch now and then2 a diet a little more mostly2 clothes a little more finer2 and a little more entertainment now and then1 can be no great matter2 but remember what ,poor ,richard says1 ,many a little makes a mickle2 and further1 ,beware of little expenses2 ,a small leak will sink a great ship2 and again1-- ,who dainties love1 shall beggars prove2 and moreover1 ,fools make feasts and wise men eat them4 ,here are you all got together at this vendue of fineries knick-knacks4 ,you call them goods2 but if you do not take care1 they will prove evils to some of you4 ,you expect they will be sold cheap1 and perhaps they may for less than they cost2 but1 if you have no occasion for them1 they must be dear to you4 ,remember what ,poor ,richard says3 ,buy what thou hast no need of and ere long thou shalt sell thy necessaries4 ,and again1 ,at a great pennyworth1 pause a while4 ,he means1 that perhaps the cheapness is apparent only1 and not real2 or the bargain by straitening thee in thy business1 may do thee more harm than good4 ,for in another place he says1 ,many have been ruined by buying good pennyworths4 ,again1 ,poor ,richard says1 ',tis foolish to lay out money in a purchase of repentance2 and yet this folly is practiced every day at vendues for want of minding the ,almanac4 ,wise men1 as ,poor ,richard says1 learn by others' harms2 ,fools scarcely by their own2 but ,felix quem faciunt aliena pericula cautum4#d ,many a one for the sake of finery on the back1 has gone with a hungry belly1 and half-starved their families4 ,silks and satins1 scarlets and velvets1 as ,poor ,richard says1 put out the kitchen fire4 ,these are not the necessaries of life2 they can scarcely be called the conveniences2 and yet1 only because they look pretty1 how many want to have them6 ,the artificial wants of mankind thus become more numerous than the natural2 and1 as ,poor ,dick says1 ,for one poor person there are a hundred indigent4 #d ,he's a lucky fellow who is made prudent by other men's perils4 ,by these and other extravagances1 the genteel are reduced to poverty1 and forced to borrow of those whom they formerly despised1 but who1 through industry and frugality1 have maintained their standing2 in which case it appears plainly1 that ,a ploughman on his legs is higher than a gentleman on his knees1 as ,poor ,richard says4 ,perhaps they have had a small estate left them1 which they know not the getting of2 they think1 ',tis day1 and will never be night1 that a little to be spent out of so much is not worth minding2 7,a child and a fool1 as ,poor ,richard says1 imagine twenty shilling and twenty years can never be spent71 but ,always taking out of the meal-tub and never putting in1 soon comes to the bottom4 ,then1 as ,poor ,dick says1 ,when the well's dry1 they know the worth of water4 ,but this they might have known before1 if they had taken his advice4 ,if you would know the value of money1 go and try to borrow some2 for ,he that goes a borrowing1 goes a sorrowing1 and indeed1 so does he that lends to such people1 when he goes to get it again4 ,poor ,dick further advises and says-- ,fond pride of dress is1 sure a very curse2 ,ere fancy you consult1 consult your purse4 ,and again1 ,pride is as loud a beggar as ,want1 and a great deal more saucy4 ,when you have bought one fine thing1 you must buy ten more1 that your appearance may be all of a piece2 but ,poor ,dick says1 ',tis easier to suppress the first desire than to satisfy all that follow it4 ,and 'tis as truly folly for the poor to ape the rich1 as for the frog to swell in order to equal the ox4 ,great estates may venture more1 ,but little boats should keep near shore4 ',tis1 however1 a folly soon punished2 for1 ,pride that dines on vanity sups on contempt1 as ,poor ,richard says4 ,and in another place1 ,pride breakfasted with ,plenty1 dined with ,poverty and supped with ,infancy4 ,and after all1 what use is this pride of appearance1 for which so much is risked1 so much is suffered8 ,it cannot promote health or ease pain2 it makes no increase of merit in the person2 it creates envy2 it hastens misfortune4 ,what is a butterfly8 ,at best ,he's but a caterpillar drest1 ,the gaudy fop's his picture just1 as poor ,richard says4 ,but what madness must it be to run into debt for these superfluities6 ,we are offered1 by the terms of this vendue1 six months' credit2 and that1 perhaps1 has induced some of us to attend it1 because we cannot spare the ready money1 and hope now to be fine without it4 ,but1 ah6 think what you do when you run in debt3 ,you give to another power over your liberty4 ,if you cannot pay at the time1 you will be ashamed to see your creditor2 you will be in fear when you speak to him2 you will make poor1 pitiful1 sneaking excuses1 and by degrees come to lose our veracity1 and sink into base1 downright lying2 for1 as ,poor ,richard says1 ,the second vice is lying1 the first is running into debt2 and again1 to the same purpose1 lying rides upon debt's back2 whereas a free-born ,englishman ought not to be ashamed or afraid to see or speak to any man living4 ,but poverty often deprives a man of all spirit and virtue4 ',tis hard for an empty bag to stand upright6 as ,poor ,richard truly says4 ,what would you think of that prince1 or that government who should issue an edict forbidding you to dress like a gentleman or gentlewoman1 on pain of imprisonment or servitude8 ,would you not say that you are free1 have a right to dress as you please1 and that such an edict would be a breach of your privileges1 and such a government tyranical8 ,and yet you are about to put yourself under such tyranny1 when you run in debt for such dress6 ,your creditor has authority1 at his pleasure1 to deprive you of your liberty1 by confining you in jail for life1 or to sell you for a servant1 if you should not be able to pay him4#e ,when you have got your bargain you may1 perhaps1 think little of payment2 but ,creditors 7,poor ,richard tells us7 have better memories than debtors2 and in another place says1 ,creditors are a superstitious set1 great observers of set days and times4 ,the day comes round before you are aware1 and the demand is made before you are prepared to satisfy it2 or1 if you will bear your debt in mind1 the term which at first seemed so long will1 as it lessens1 appear extremely short4 ,time will seem to have added wings to his heels as well as his shoulders4 ,those have a short ,lent1 saith ,poor ,richard1 who owe money to be paid at ,easter4 ,then since1 as he says1 ,the borrower is a slave to the lender1 and the debtor to the creditor1 disdain the chain1 preserve your freedom1 and maintain your independency4 ,be industrious and free2 be frugal and free4 ,at present1 perhaps1 you may think yourself in thriving circumstances1 and that you can bear a little extravagance without injury2 but-- ,for age and want1 save while you may1 ,no morning sun lasts a whole day4 #e ,at the time when this was written1 and for many years afterward1 the laws against bankrupts and poor debtors were extremely severe4 ,as ,poor ,richard says1 gain may be temporary and uncertain2 but ever1 while you live1 expense is constant and certain2 and ',tis easier to build two chimneys than to keep one in fuel1 as ,poor ,richard says2 so1 ,rather go to bed supperless than rise in debt4 ,get what you can and what you get hold3 ',tis the stone that will turn all your lead in gold1#f as ,poor ,richard says2 and1 while you have got the ,philosopher's stone1 sure1 you will no longer complain of bad times or the difficulty of paying taxes4 #f ,in the ,middle ,ages there was a great search made for the philosopher's stone1 as it was called1 a mineral which should have the power of turning base metals into gold4 ,this doctrine1 my friends1 is reason and wisdom2 but1 after all1 do not depend too much upon your own industry and frugality and prudence1 though excellent things2 for they may all be blasted without the blessing of ,heaven2 and therefore1 ask that blessing humbly1 and be not uncharitable to those that at present seem to want it1 but comfort and help them4 ,remember ,job suffered1 and was afterwards prosperous4 ,and now1 to conclude1 ,experience keeps a dear school1 but fools will learn in no other1 and scarce in that2 for it is true1 ,we may give advice1 but we cannot give conduct1 as ,poor ,richard says4 ,however1 remember this1 ,they that won't be counselled1 can't be helped1 as ,poor ,richard says2 and further1 that1 ,if you will not hear reason1 she'll surely rap your knuckles4 ,thus the old gentleman ended his harangue4 ,the people heard it1 and approved the doctrine2 and immediately practiced the contrary1 just as if it had been a common sermon4 ,for the vendue opened1 and they began to buy extravagantly1 notwithstanding all his cautions1 and their own fear of taxes4 ,i found the good man had thoroughly studied my ,almanacs1 and digested all ,i had dropped on those topics during the course of five-and-twenty-years4 ,the frequent mention he made of me must have tired any one else2 but my vanity was wonderfully delighted with it1 though ,i was conscious that not a tenth part of the wisdom was my own which he ascribed to me1 but rather the gleanings that ,i had made of the sense of all ages and nations4 ,however1 ,i resolved to be the better for the echo of it2 and1 though ,i had at first determined to buy stuff for a new coat1 ,i went away resolved to wear my old one a little longer4 ,reader1 if thou wilt do the same1 thy profit will be as great as mine4 ,i am1 as ever1 thine to serve thee4 ,july #g1 #ageg4 ,,richard ,,saunders4 ,,the ,,water-,,mill4 ,oh6 listen to the water-mill1 through all the live-long day1 ,as the clicking of the wheels wears hour by hour away2 ,how languidly the autumn wind doth stir the withered leaves1 ,as on the field the reapers sing1 while binding up the sheaves6 ,a solemn proverb strikes my mind1 and as a spell is cast1 ,the mill will never grind again with water that is past4 ,the summer winds revive no more leaves strewn o'er earth and main1 ,the sickle never more will reap the yellow garnered grain2 ,the rippling stream flows on1 aye tranquil1 deep1 and still1 ,but never glideth back again to busy water-mill4 ,the solemn proverb speaks to all1 with meaning deep and vast1 ,the mill will never grind again with water that is past4 ,oh6 clasp the proverb to thy soul1 dear loving heart and true1 ,for golden years are fleeting by1 and youth is passing1 too2 ,ah6 learn to make the most of life1 nor lose one happy day1 ,for time will ne'er return sweet joys neglected1 thrown away2 ,nor leave one tender word unsaid1 thy kindness sow broadcast-- ,the mill will never grind again with water that is past4 ,oh6 the wasted hours of life1 that have swiftly drifted by1 ,alas6 the good we might have done1 all gone without a sigh2 ,love that we might once have saved by a single kindly word1 ,thoughts conceived but ne'er expressed1 perishing unpenned1 unheard4 ,oh6 take the lesson to thy soul1 forever clasp it fast1 ,the mill will never grind again with water that is past4 ,work on while yet the sun doth shine1 thou man of strength and will1 ,the streamlet ne'er doth useless glide by clicking watermill2 ,nor wait until to-morrow's light beams brightly on thy way4 ,for all that thou canst call thine own1 lies in the phrase1 to-day2 ,possessions1 power1 and blooming health1 must all be lost at last-- ,the mill will never grind again with water that is past4 ,oh6 love thy ,god and fellow man1 thyself consider last1 ,for come it will when they must scan dark errors of the past2 ,soon will this fight of life be o'er1 and earth recede from view1 ,and heaven in all its glory shine where all is pure and true4 ,ah6 then thou'lt see more clearly still the proverb deep and vast1 ,the mill will never grind again with water that is past4 ,d4 ,c4 ,,mccallum4 ,is life so dear1 or peace so sweet1 as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery8 ,forbid it1 ,almighty ,god6 ,i know not what course others may take1 but for me1 give me liberty or give me death4 ,,patrick ,,henry4 ,the law is a sort of hocus-pocus science1 that smiles in yer face while it picks yer pocket2 and the glorious uncertainty of it is of mair use to the professors than the justice of it4 ,,macklin4 ,,our ,,mission4 ,in calm and stormy weather ,our mission is to grow2 ,to keep the angle paramount ,and bind the brute below4 ,we grow not all in sunshine1 ,but richly in the rain2 ,and what we deem our losses ,may prove our final gain4 ,the snows and frosts of winter ,a richer fruitage bring2 ,from battling with the anvil ,the smith's grand muscles spring4 ',tis by the law of contrast ,that fine effects are seen2 ,as thus we blend in colors ,the orange with the green4 ,by action and reaction ,we reach our perfect growth2 ,nor by excess of neither1 ,but equipoise of both4 ,the same code binds the human4 ,that governs mother earth2 ,god cradled her in tempest ,and earthquakes from her birth4 ,our life is but a struggle ,for perfect equipoise2 ,our pains are often jewels1 ,our pleasures gilded toys4 ,between the good and evil ,the monarch will must stand1 ,to shape the final issue ,by ,god's divine command4 ,our mission is to battle ,with ill in every form-- ,to borrow strength and volume ,from contact with the storm4 ,in the beautiful hereafter ,these blinding mortal tears ,shall crystalize in jewels ,to sparkle in the spheres4 ,with weak and moldish vision ,we work our way below2 ,but sure our souls are building ,much wiser than we know4 ,and when the work is finished ,the scaffolding then falls2 ,and lo6 a radiant temple1 ,with pearl and sapphire walls4 ,a temple far transcending ,the grandest piles below1 ,whose dome shall blaze with splendor1 ,in ,god's eternal glow4 ,wealth is necessary2 let us not disclaim against it2 every nation needs it to attain the highest achievements in civilization4 ,but it is a blessing only as a servant1 and is destructive as a master4 ,,john ,p4 ,,altgeld4 ,if ,i were a young man ,i should ally myself with some high and at present unpopular cause1 and devote my every effort to accomplish its success4 ,,john ,g4 ,,whittier4 ,ill fares the land1 to hastening ills a prey1 ,where wealth accumulates and men decay4 ,princes and lords may flourish and may fade2 ,a breath can make them1 as breath has made2 ,but an honest peasantry1 a country's pride1 ,when once destroyed1 can never be supplied4 ,war preys on two things--life and property3 but he preys with a partial appetite4 ,feasting on life1 he licks his jaws and says1 ,more1 by your leave6 ,devouring property1 he says1 between grin and glut1 ,this is so good that it ought to be paid for6 ,into the vacuum of wasted life rush the moaning winds of grief and desolation2 in to the vacuum of wasted property rushes the goblin of debt4 ,the wasted life is transformed at length into a reminiscent glory2 the wasted property becomes a hideous nightmare4 ,the heroes fallen rise from their bloody cerements into everlasting fame2 the property destroyed rises from the red and flame-swept field as a spectral vampire1 sucking the still warm blood of the heroic dead and of their posthumous babes to the tenth generation6 ,the name of the vampire is ,bond4 ,,john ,,clark ,,ridpath4 ,,to ,a ,,waterfowl4 ,whither1 mid'st falling dew1 ,while glow the heavens with the last steps of day1 ,far through their rosy depths1 dost thou pursue ,thy solitary way8 ,vainly the fowler's eye ,might mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong1 ,as1 darkly seen against the crimson sky1 ,thy figure floats along4 ,seek'st thou the plashy brink ,of weedy lake1 or marge of river wide1 ,or where the rocking billows rise and sink ,on the chafed ocean side8 ,there is a ,power whose care ,teaches thy way along that pathless coast-- ,the desert and illimitable air-- ,lone wandering1 but not lost4 ,all day thy wings have fanned1 ,at that far height1 the cold1 thin atmosphere1 ,yet stoop not1 weary1 to the welcome land1 ,though the dark night is near4 ,and soon that toil shall end2 ,soon shall thou find a summer home1 and rest1 ,and scream among thy fellows2 reeds shall bend ,soon1 o'er thy sheltered nest4 ,thou'rt gone1 the abyss of heaven ,hath swallowed up thy form2 yet on my heart ,deeply hath sunk the lesson thou hast given ,and shall not soon depart4 ,he who1 from zone to zone1 ,guides through the boundless sky thy certain flight1 ,in the long way that ,i must tread alone ,will lead my steps aright4 ,,william ,,cullen ,,bryant4 ,,robert ,,burns 7,considered by many the world's greatest ,song writer and natural ,poet47 ,while ,burns was yet a plow boy he was challenged by two highly educated gentlemen1 who were seated awaiting their dinner to be served at an ,inn in the town of ,ayr4 ,the terms of the challenge was for each to write a verse on the event of their first acquaintance1 the one writing the best and most appropriate short rhyme was to have his dinner paid for by the other two4 ,burns wrote as follows3 ,i ,jonnie ,peep1 ,saw two sheep4 ,two sheep saw me4 ,half a crown apiece ,will pay for their fleece4 ,and ,i ,jonnie ,peep go free4 ,on another occasion while drinking at a ,bar a hanger on who was notorious for his much drinking and was dubbed the ,marquis1 asked ,burns to write an appropriate epitaph for his grave stone4 ,burns1 quick as flash and without any apparent effort1 wrote3 ,here lies a faulse ,marquis3 ,whose title is shamed ,if ever he rises ,it will be to be damned4 ,,to ,a ,,mouse4 ,wee1 sleekit1 cowrin' tim'rous beastie4 ,oh1 what a panic's in thy breastie6 ,thou needna start awa' sae hasty4 ,wi' bickering brattle6 ,i wad be laith to rin and chase thee1 ,wi murd'ing prattle6 ,i'm truly sorry man's dominion ,has broken nature's social union1 ,and justifies that ill opinion ,which makes thee startle ,at me1 thy poor earth-born companion ,and fellow-mortal6 ,i doubt na1 whiles1 but thou may thieve2 ,what then8 poor beastie1 thou maun live6 ,a daimen icker in a thrave ',s a sma' o' request ,i'll get a blessin' wi' the lave1 ,and never miss 't6 ,thy wee bit housie1 too1 in ruin6 ,its silly wa's the win's are strewin'6 ,and naething now to big a new ane ,o' foggage green6 ,and bleak ,december's winds ensuin' ,baith snell and keen6 ,thou saw the fields laid bare and waste ,and weary winter comin' fast4 ,and cozie here1 beneath the blast1 ,thou thought to dwell2 ,till1 crash6 the cruel coulter past ,out through thy cell4 ,that wee bit heap o'leaves and stibble ,has cost thee mony a weary nibble6 ,now thou's turn'd out for a' thy trouble1 ,but house or hauld1 ,to thole the winter's sleety dribble ,and cranreuch cauld4 ,but1 ,mousie1 thou art no thy lane1 ,in proving foresight may be vain2 ,the bes laid schemes o' mice and men ,gang aft a-gley1 ,and lea 'e us naught but grief and pain ,for promised joy4 ,still thou art blest1 compared wi' me6 ,the present only toucheth thee1 ,but1 och6 ,i backward cast my ee ,on prospects drear6 ,and forward1 though ,i canna see1 ,i guess and fear4 ,,robert ,,burns4 ,,chapter ,,xi4 ,,oratorical ,,department4 ,the author believes he is here presenting such selections as will be accepted as masterpieces4 ,mr4 ,bryan's speech at ,new ,haven1 where he was disturbed by students is taken from his book1 the ,first ,battle1 and is here offered to show the wonderful composure of the speaker1 rather than to present a fine or eloquent speech4 ,the ,new ,york ,sun's editorial1 and the resolution of the council of ,indians will show the difference of opinion that exists between commercial editors and the men of nature4 ,it is obvious that these students were disturbing a public meeting1 and to justify them is to wink at crime1 scorn at justice1 mock at the freedom of speech and excuse ignorance4 ,certainly the ,indian presents the idea of advancing forward1 while the ,new ,york ,sun man is advancing 787 backward4 ,,patrick ,,henry',s ,,speech4 ,,virginia ,,must ,,prepare ,,for ,,war4 ,there is no time for ceremony4 ,the question before the ,house is one of awful moment to this country4 ,for my own part1 ,i consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery2 and in proportion to the magnitude of the subject ought to be the freedom of debate4 ,it is only in this way that we can hope to arrive at truth1 and fulfill the great responsibility which we hold to ,god and our country4 ,should ,i keep back my opinions at such a time1 through fear of giving offense1 ,i should consider myself as guilty of treason toward my country1 and of an act of disloyalty toward the ,majesty of ,heaven1 which ,i revere above all earthly kings4 ,it is natural to man to indulge in the illusions of ,hope4 ,we are apt to shut our eyes against a painful truth1 and listen to the song of that ,siren till she transforms us into beasts4 ,is this the part of wise men engaged in a great and arduous struggle for liberty8 ,are we disposed to be of the number of those who1 having eyes see not1 and having ears hear not the things which so nearly concern their temporal salvation8 ,for my part1 whatever anguish of spirit it may cost1 ,i am willing to know the whole truth2 to know the worst1 and provide for it4 ,i have but one lamp by which my feet are guided2 and that is the lamp of experience4 ,i know of no way of judging of the future but by the past4 ,and judging by the past1 ,i wish to know what there has been in the conduct of the ,british ,ministry for the last ten years to justify those hopes with which gentlemen have been pleased to solace themselves and the ,house4 ,is it that insidious smile with which our petition has been lately received8 ,trust it not4 ,it will prove a snare to your feet4 ,suffer not yourselves to be betrayed by a kiss4 ,ask yourselves how this gracious reception of our petition comports with those warlike preparations which cover our waters and darken our land4 ,are fleets and armies necessary to a work of love and reconciliation8 ,have we shown ourselves so unwilling to be reconciled1 that force must be called in to win back our love8 ,let us not deceive ourselves4 ,these are the implements of war and subjugation2 the last arguments to which kings resort4 ,i ask what means this martial array1 if its purpose be not to force us to submission4 ,can gentlemen assign any other possible motive for it8 ,has ,great ,britain an enemy in this quarter of the world to call for all this accumulation of navies and armies8 ,no2 she has none4 ,they are meant for us2 they can be meant for no other4 ,they are sent over to bind and rivet upon us those chains which the ,british ,ministry have been so long forging4 ,and what have we to oppose to them8 ,shall we try argument8 ,we have been trying that for the last ten years4 ,have we anything new to offer upon the subject8 ,nothing4 ,we have held the subject up in every light of which it is capable2 but it has been all in vain4 ,shall we resort to entreaty and humble supplication8 ,what terms shall we find which have not been already exhausted8 ,let us not deceive ourselves longer4 ,we have done everything that could be done to avert the storm which is now coming on4 ,we have petitioned1 we have remonstrated1 we have supplicated2 we have prostrated ourselves before the ,throne1 and have implored its interposition to arrest the tyrannical hand of the ,ministry and ,parliament4 ,our petitions have been slighted2 our remonstrances have produced additional violence and insult2 our supplications have been disregarded2 and we have been spurned1 with contempt1 from the foot of the ,throne4 ,in vain1 after these things1 may we indulge the fond hope of peace and reconciliation4 ,there is no longer any room for hope4 ,if we wish to be free--if we mean to preserve inviolate those inestimable privileges for which we have been so long contending--if we mean not basely to abandon the noble struggle in which we have been so long engaged1 and which we have pledged never to abandon until the glorious object of our contest shall be obtained--we must fight6 ,i repeat it1 we must fight6 ,an appeal to arms1 and to the ,god of ,hosts1 is all that is left to us4 ,they tell us that we are weak--unable to cope with so formidable an adversary4 ,but when shall we be stronger8 ,will it be the next week1 or the next year8 ,will it be when we are totally disarmed1 and when a ,british guard shall be stationed in every house8 ,shall we gather strength by irresolution and inaction8 ,shall we acquire the means of effectual resistance by lying supinely on our backs1 and hugging the delusive phantom of ,hope until our enemies have bound us hand and foot8 ,we are not weak if we make a proper use of those means which the ,god of ,nature hath placed in our power4 ,three millions of people1 armed in the holy cause of liberty1 are invincible by any force which the enemy can send against us4 ,besides1 we shall not fight our battles alone4 ,there is a just ,god who presides over the destinies of nations1 and will raise us friends to fight our battle for us4 ,the battle is not to the strong alone2 it is to the vigilant1 the active1 the brave4 ,besides1 we have no election4 ,if we were base enough to desire it1 it is now too late to retire from the contest4 ,there is no retreat but in submission and slavery4 ,our chains are forged2 their clanking may be heard on the plains of ,boston4 ,the war is inevitable--and let it come6 ,i repeat it4 ,let it come6 ,it is in vain to extenuate the matter4 ,gentlemen may cry1 ,peace1 peace--but there is no peace4 ,the war is actually begun4 ,the next gale that sweeps from the north will bring to our ear the clash of resounding arms4 ,our brethren are already in the field6 ,why are we here idle8 ,what is it that gentlemen wish8 ,what would they have8 ,is life so dear or peace so sweet1 as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery8 ,forbid it1 ,almighty ,god6 ,i know not what course others may take2 but as for me1 give me liberty or give me death6--,speech in ,convention1 ,march #be1 #agge4 ,,abraham ,,lincoln',s ,,speech4 ,,speech ,,at ,,the ,,dedication ,,of ,,the ,,national ,,cemetery ,,at ,,gettysburg1 ,,pennsylvania1 ,,november #ai1 #ahfc4 ,four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation1 conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal4 ,now we are engaged in a great civil war1 testing whether that nation1 or any nation so conceived and so dedicated1 can long endure4 ,we are met on a great battlefield of that war4 ,we have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live4 ,it is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this4 ,but in a large sense we cannot dedicate1 we cannot consecrate1 we cannot hallow this ground4 ,the brave men1 living and dead1 who struggled here have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract4 ,the world will little note1 nor long remember1 what we say here1 but it can never forget what they did here4 ,it is for us1 the living1 rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced4 ,it is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us--that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion2 that we here highly resolve that these dead have not died in vain2 that this nation1 under ,god1 shall have a new birth of freedom2 and that government of the people1 by the people1 for the people shall not perish from the earth4 ,,william ,,jennings ,,bryan',s ,,speeches4 ,,yale ,,college ,,incident4--,,bryan ,,speaks ,,under ,,difficulties ,i am glad that there are students here1 because ,i want to say a word to students4 ,your college has helped to add fame to your city1 and those who assemble here are supposed to come in order that they may better equip themselves for the duties of life4 ,i am glad to talk to students1 because1 my friends1 we have a cause which appeals to students4 ,if the syndicates and corporations rule this country1 then no young man has a fair show unless he is the favorite of a corporation4 7,applause--and yells for ,mc,kinley by a cordon of the students47 ,if the people have a right to govern themselves and exercise that right1 then every citizen has an equal chance and every man may achieve what he desires4 ,we wish to leave all the avenues open so that the son of the humblest citizen may aspire to the highest position within the gift of the people4 7,applause and yells repeated47 ,i am not speaking now to the sons who are sent to college on the proceeds of ill-gotten gains4 7,enthusiastic applause47 ,i will wait until these sons have exhausted what their fathers have left them and then appeal to their children who will have to commence life where their grandfathers commenced4 7,great applause47 ,my friends1 a just government is best for the great masses of the people4 ,equal laws and equal opportunities are best for nine out of every ten of us4 7,yells again repeated47 ,therefore1 our cause appeals to every young man who wants to make this ,government so good as to deserve the love1 confidence and the support of every citizen in this land4 ,we appeal not only to the students2 we appeal to business men who have been terrorized by the financial--what may ,i call it8 7,applause47 ,people have been tyrannized over by financial institutions until in some instances it is more dangerous to raise your voice against the ruling power than it is in an absolute monarchy4 7,great applause and yells47 ,if there is anybody who loves this sort of thing then ,i shall offend him by speaking of it1 but ,i shall not offend any man who loves liberty and the right of free speech in this country4 7,great applause47 ,the business men have been told that the free coinage of silver would ruin them4 ,if it can ruin them with more rapidity than the gold standard has ruined them1 then1 my friends1 it will be bad1 indeed1 because the gold standard has increased the number of failures among business men1 and every step that has been taken has been followed----7,yells from the students47 ,i have been so used to talking to young men who earn their own living that ,i do not know----7,great applause and cheering47 ,i say1 ,i have been so used to talking to young men who earn their own living that ,i hardly know what language to use to address myself to those who desire to be known1 not as creators of wealth1 but as the distributors of wealth which somebody else created4 7,great applause and cheering47 ,if you will show me a young man who has been taught to believe----7,more yells and cries of ,mc,kinley47 ,in all my travels ,i have not found a crowd that needed talking to so much as this crowd does4 7,cries of ,that's right47 ,i came to this city something more than a year ago1 and ,i then learned something of the domination of your financial classes4 ,i have seen it elsewhere1 but1 my friends1 the great mass of the people even of this city1 will be better off under bimetallism that permits the nation to grow1 than under a gold standard which starves everybody except the money changer and the money owner4 ,we sometimes out ,west are instructed by your insurance companies4 ,i carry insurance in old line companies and in what are known as the mutual or assessment companies4 ,i carry insurance in fraternal organizations like the ,united ,workmen and the ,modern ,woodmen1 as well as in the old line companies1 and ,i am glad that my assessment companies are satisfied to take my money and give me insurance without attempting to tell me how ,i must vote4 ,your old line companies have seen fit to insult the intelligence of the people by attempting to exercise a guardian care1 notwithstanding the fact that we are able to look after ourselves without their instructions4 ,you have laboring men also in large numbers in this city4 ,i do not know whether the advocates of the gold standard here who employ men in the shops insist upon telling their employes how to vote4 ,i have in other places found employers who would put in envelopes the pay for the day's work or week's work1 and then print on the outside of the envelopes some instructions to the employes4 ,if the manufacturer1 employer1 or railroad president feels that there must be something on the outside of the envelope as well as upon the inside1 let him write on the outside3 ,you will find within your wages4 ,they are to cover your work4 ,we recognize that the men who have sense enough to do the work we want done have sense enough to vote right1 without our telling them how to vote4 ,i notice that in some places they have been organizing sound money clubs1 and they have the applicant sign a statement1 saying that the free coinage of silver would hurt him in his business as a wage earner4 ,i have wondered why our great financial magnates do not put in their application a statement similar to that4 ,why don't the heads of these syndicates which have been bleeding the ,government make application to sound money clubs and write in their application that the free coinage of silver would hurt them in their business as heads of syndicates8 ,they want people to believe that they are entirely benevolent1 that they are philanthropists1 and that what they do is done merely because they believe that the people will be benefited by having them run the ,government1 and they submit to the inconvenience of running the ,government in order to help the people1 who1 they say1 will be benefited4 7,more confusion and applause by the students47 ,why is it that the broker or the bond buyer does not write in his application that he has a personal interest in the gold standard8 ,why is it that these men want to throw upon the wage earners whatever odium there may be in using his vote to protect his personal interests8 ,i believe the wage earner1 and the farmer1 and the business man1 and the professional man1 all of these will be benefited by a volume of money sufficient to do business with4 ,if you make money scarce you make money dear4 ,if you make money dear you drive down the value of everything1 and when you have falling prices you have hard times4 ,and who prosper by hard times8 ,there are but few1 and those few are not willing to admit that they get any benefit from hard times4 ,no party ever declared in its platform that it was in favor of hard times1 and yet the party that declares for a gold standard in substance declares for a continuation of hard times4 ,here a band which had been playing for a drill in another part of the square came nearer and made talking more difficult1 and my voice not being in good condition ,i concluded my remarks by saying3 ,it is hard to talk when all the conditions are favorable1 and ,i must ask you to excuse me from talking any further in the presence of the noises against which we have to contend today4 ,i have since learned that some misunderstood my closing words1 and thought ,i again referred to the students1 but this is an error4 ,they were making no disturbance when ,i finished speaking4 ,i did not even mean to criticize the band1 because ,i was sure that the interruption was not intentional1 but my voice being hoarse and the crowd large1 it was difficult to make myself heard even when there was perfect quiet4 ,the incident gave rise to a good deal of public discussion4 ,a few papers criticised my language on that occasion and declared that my words provoked the hostile demonstration4 ,as a matter of fact1 the hostility was manifested before ,i began to speak1 and it was some minutes before ,i could obtain a hearing4 ,this is the only speech in which ,i have inserted the applause1 and it is only done here because the interruptions are also quoted4 ,the report is reproduced exactly as it appeared at the time in order that the reader may form his own opinion upon the subject4 ,the following press dispatch appeared in the morning papers of ,september #c3 ,,yale ,,students ,,criticised4 ,muskogee1 ,i4,t41 ,sept4 #bi4--;,at a mass meeting of the ,cherokees1 ,creeks1 ,choctaws and ,seminoles1 held here yesterday1 the following resolution was unanimously adopted3 ,resolved1 that we contemplate with deep regret the recent insulting treatment of ,william ,j4 ,bryan by students of a college in the land of the boasted white man's civilization1 and we admonish all ,indians who think of sending their sons to ,yale that association with such students could but prove hurtful alike to their morals and their progress toward the higher standard of civilization4 ,,the ,,sun ,,defends ,,the ,,yale ,,students4 ,the ,new ,york ,sun came to the defense of the boys in an editorial1 from which the following is an extract3 ,what did these students really do8 ,on the day that ,yale ,university opened its new college year1 ,bryan came to ,new ,haven and prepared to address a great crowd at the green adjacent to which are the college buildings of the center of university life1 in a town of which the university is the great and distinguishing feature4 ,the students gathered in strong force1 as was natural4 ,practically they were on their own ground4 ,they expressed their feelings against repudiation with the vigor and vociferousness of youth2 and they had a right to do it4 ,they ought to have done it2 and the sentiment to which they gave utterance was honorable to them4 ,the boys made a great noise1 cheering for ,mc,kinley and yelling and jeering at repudiation1 so that ,mr4 ,bryan could not be heard for several minutes4 ,if they had applauded him incessantly for even a full half hour1 would there have been any complaint of their preventing him from starting out in his speech8 ,has not a crowd in the open air as much right to hiss as to cheer8 ,at what period in our history was that privilege taken from ,americans8 ,these dissenting students1 the reports agree1 did not offer any personal violence to ,mr4 ,bryan or anybody else4 ,they did not throw rotten eggs at him or otherwise assail his dignity1 but merely shouted their college cry and yelled derisively4 ,they did not like the cause the speaker represented4 ,they detested and despised both it and him1 and they made known their feelings noisily4 ,speech ,concluding ,debate on the ,chicago ,platform4 ,mr4 ,chairman and ,gentlemen of the ,convention3 ,i would be presumptuous1 indeed1 to present myself against the distinguished gentlemen to whom you have listened if this were a mere measuring of abilities2 but this is not a contest between persons4 ,the humblest citizen of the land1 when clad in the armor of a righteous cause1 is stronger than all the hosts of error4 ,i come to speak to you in defense of a cause as holy as the cause of liberty--the cause of humanity4 ,when this debate is concluded1 a motion will be made to lay upon the table the resolution offered in commendation of the administration1 and also the resolution offered in condemnation of the administration4 ,we object to bringing this question down to the level of persons4 ,the individual is but an atom2 he is born1 he acts1 he dies2 but principles are eternal2 and this has been a contest over a principle4 ,never before in the history of this country has there been witnessed such a contest as that through which we have just passed4 ,never before in the history of ,american politics has a great issue been fought out as this issue has been1 by the voters of a great party4 ,on the fourth of ,march1 #ahie1 a few ,democrats1 most of them members of ,congress1 issued an address to the ,democrats of the nation1 asserting that the money question was the paramount issue of the hour2 declaring that a majority of the ,democratic party had the right to control the action of the party on this paramount issue2 and concluding with the request that the believers of free coinage of silver in the ,democratic party should organize1 take charge of1 and control the policy of the ,democratic party4 ,three months later1 at ,memphis1 an organization was perfected and the silver ,democrats went forth openly and courageously proclaiming their belief1 and declaring that1 if successful1 they would crystallize into a platform the declaration they had made4 ,then began the conflict4 ,with a zeal approaching the zeal which inspired the crusaders who followed ,peter the ,hermit1 our silver ,democrats went forth from victory unto victory until they are now assembled1 not to discuss1 not to debate1 but to enter up the judgment already rendered by the plain people of this country4 ,in this contest brother has been arrayed against brother1 father against son4 ,the warmest ties of love1 acquaintance and association have been disregarded2 old leaders have been cast aside when they have refused to give expression to the sentiments of those whom they would lead1 and new leaders have sprung up to give direction to this cause of truth4 ,thus has the contest been waged1 and we have assembled here under as binding and solemn instructions as were ever imposed upon representatives of the people4 ,we do not come as individuals4 ,as individuals we might have been glad to compliment the gentleman from ,new ,york 7,senator ,hill17 but we know that the people for whom we speak would never be willing to put him in a position where he could thwart the will of the ,democratic party4 ,i say it was not a question of persons2 it was a question of principle1 and it is not with gladness1 my friends1 that we find ourselves brought into conflict with those who are now arrayed on the other side4 ,the gentleman who preceded me 7ex-,governor ,russell7 spoke of the ,state of ,massachusetts2 let me assure him that not one present in all this convention entertains the least hostility to the people of the ,state of ,massachusetts1 but we stand here representing people who are the equals1 before the law1 of the greatest citizens in the ,state of ,massachusetts4 ,when you 7turning to the gold delegates7 come before us and tell us that we are about to disturb your business interests1 we reply that you have disturbed our business interests by your course4 ,we say to you that you have made the definition of a business man too limited in its application4 ,the man who is employed for wages is as much a business man as his employer2 the attorney in a country town is as much a business man as the corporation counsel in a great metropolis2 the merchant at the cross-roads store is as much a business man as the merchant of ,new ,york2 the farmer who goes forth in the morning and toils all day--who begins in the spring and toils all summer--and who by the application of brain and muscle to the natural resources of the country creates wealth1 is as much a business man as the man who goes upon the board of trade and bets upon the price of grain2 the miners who go down a thousand feet into the earth1 or climb two thousand feet upon the cliffs1 and bring forth from their hiding places the precious metals to be poured into the channels of trade are as much business men as the few financial magnates who1 in a back room1 corner the money of the world4 ,we come to speak for this broader class of business men4 ,ah1 my friends1 we say not one word against those who live upon the ,atlantic coast1 but the hardy pioneers who have braved all the dangers of the wilderness1 who have made the desert to blossom as the rose--the pioneers away out there 7pointing to the ,west71 who rear their children near to ,nature's heart1 where they can mingle their voices with the voices of the birds--out there where they have erected schoolhouses for the education of their young1 churches where they praise their ,creator1 and cemeteries where rest the ashes of their dead--these people1 we say1 are as deserving of the consideration of our party as any people in this country4 ,it is for these that we speak4 ,we do not come as aggressors4 ,our war is not a war of conquest2 we are fighting in the defense of our homes1 our families1 and posterity4 ,we have petitioned1 and our petitions have been scorned2 we have entreated1 and our entreaties have been disregarded2 we have begged1 and they have mocked when our calamity came4 ,we beg no longer2 we entreat no more2 we petition no more4 ,we defy them4 ,the gentleman from ,wisconsin has said that he fears a ,robespierre4 ,my friends1 in this land of the free you need not fear that a tyrant will spring up from among the people4 ,what we need is an ,andrew ,jackson to stand1 as ,jackson stood1 against the encroachments of organized wealth4 ,they tell us that this platform was made to catch votes4 ,we reply to them that changing conditions make new issues2 that the principles upon which ,democracy rests are as everlasting as the hills1 but that they must be applied to new conditions as they arise4 ,conditions have arisen1 and we are here to meet those conditions4 ,they tell us that the income tax ought not to be brought in here2 that it is a new idea4 ,they criticize us for the criticism of the ,supreme ,court of the ,united ,states4 ,my friends1 we have not criticized2 we have simply called attention to what you already know4 ,if you want criticisms1 read the dissenting opinions of the court4 ,there you will find criticisms4 ,they say that we have passed an unconstitutional law2 we deny it4 ,the income tax law was not unconstitutional when it was passed2 it was not unconstitutional when it went before the ,supreme ,court for the first time2 it did not become unconstitutional until one of the judges changed his mind1 and we cannot be expected to know when a judge will change his mind4 ,the income tax is just4 ,it simply intends to put the burden of government justly upon the backs of the people4 ,i am in favor of an income tax4 ,when ,i find a man who is not willing to bear his share of the burdens of the government which protects him1 ,i find a man who is unworthy to enjoy the blessings of a government like ours4 ,they say that we are opposing national bank currency2 it is true4 ,if you will read what ,thomas ,benton said1 you will find he said that1 in searching history1 he could find but one parallel to ,andrew ,jackson2 that was ,cicero1 who destroyed the conspiracy of ,cataline and saved ,rome4 ,benton said that ,cicero only did for ,rome what ,jackson did for us when he destroyed the bank conspiracy and saved ,america4 ,we say in our platform that we believe that the right to coin and issue money is a function of government4 ,we believe it4 ,we believe that it is a part of sovereignty1 and can no more with safety be delegated to private individuals than we could afford to delegate to private individuals the power to make penal statutes or levy taxes4 ,mr4 ,jefferson1 who was once regarded as good ,democratic authority1 seems to have differed in opinion from the gentleman who has addressed us on the part of the minority4 ,those who are opposed to this proposition tell us that the issue of paper money is a function of the bank1 and that the ,government ought to go out of the banking business4 ,i stand with ,jefferson rather than with them1 and tell them1 as he did1 that the banks ought to go out of the governing business4 ,they complain about the plank which declares against life tenure in office4 ,they have tried to strain it to mean that which is does not mean4 ,what we oppose by that plank is the life tenure which is being built up in ,washington1 and which excludes from participation in official benefits the humbler members of society4 ,let me call your attention to two or three important things4 ,the gentleman from ,new ,york says that he will propose an amendment to the platform providing that the proposed change in our monetary system shall not affect contracts already made4 ,let me remind you that there is no intention of affecting those contracts which according to present laws are made payable in gold2 but if he means to say that we cannot change our monetary system without protecting those who have loaned money before the change was made1 ,i desire to ask him where1 in law or in morals1 he can find justification for not protecting the debtors when the act of #ahgc was passed1 if he now insists that we must protect the creditors4 ,he says he will also propose an amendment which will provide for the suspension of free coinage if we fail to maintain the parity within a year4 ,we reply that when we advocate a policy which we believe will be successful1 we are not compelled to raise a doubt as to our own sincerity by suggesting what we shall do if we fail4 ,i ask him1 if he would apply his logic to us1 why he does not apply it to himself4 ,he says he wants the country to try to secure an international agreement4 ,why does he not tell us what he is going to do if he fails to secure an international agreement8 ,there is more reason for him to do that than there is for us to provide against the failure to maintain the parity4 ,our opponents have tried for twenty years to secure an international agreement1 and those are waiting for it most patiently who do not want it at all4 ,and now1 my friends1 let me come to the paramount issue4 ,if they ask us why it is that we say more on the money question than we say upon the tariff question1 ,i reply that1 if protection has slain its thousands1 the gold standard has slain its tens of thousands4 ,if they ask us why we do not embody in our platform all the things that we believe in1 we reply that when we have restored the money of the ,constitution all other necessary reforms will be possible2 but that until this is done there is no other reform that can be accomplished4 ,why is it that within three months such a change has come over the country8 ,three months ago1 when it was confidently asserted that those who believe in the gold standard would frame our platform and nominate our candidates1 even the advocates of the gold standard did not think that we could elect a president4 ,and they had good reason for their doubt1 because there is scarcely a ,state here today asking for the gold standard which is not in the absolute control of the ,republican party4 ,but note the change4 ,mr4 ,mc,kinley was nominated at ,st4 ,louis upon a platform which declared for the maintenance of the gold standard until it can be changed into bimetallism by international agreement4 ,mr4 ,mc,kinley was the most popular man among the ,republicans1 and three months ago everybody in the ,republican party prophesied his election4 ,how is it today8 ,why1 the man who was once pleased to think that he looked like ,napoleon--that man shudders today when he remembers that he was nominated on the anniversary of the battle of ,waterloo4 ,not only that1 but as he listens he can hear with ever-increasing distinctness the sound of the waves as they beat upon the lonely shores of ,st4 ,helena4 ,why this change8 ,ah1 my friends1 is not the reason for the change evident to any one who will look at the matter8 ,no private character1 however pure1 no personal popularity1 however great1 can protect from the avenging wrath of an indignant people a man who will declare that he is in favor of fastening the gold standard upon this country1 or who is willing to surrender the right of self-government and place the legislative control of our affairs in the hands of foreign potentates and powers4 ,we go forth confident that we shall win4 ,why8 ,because upon the paramount issue of this campaign there is not a spot of ground upon which the enemy will dare to challenge battle4 ,if they tell us that the gold standard is a good thing1 we shall point to their platform and tell them that their platform pledges the party to get rid of the gold standard and substitute bimetallism4 ,if the gold standard is a good thing1 why try to get rid of it8 ,i call your attention to the fact that some of the very people who are in this convention today and who tell us that we ought to declare in favor of international bimetallism--thereby declaring that the gold standard is wrong and that the principle of bimetallism is better--these very people four months ago were open and avowed advocates of the gold standard1 and were then telling us that we could not legislate two metals together1 even with the aid of all the world4 ,if the gold standard is a good thing1 we ought to declare in favor of its retention and not in favor of abandoning it2 and if the gold standard is a bad thing why should we wait until other nations are willing to help us to let go8 ,here is the line of battle1 and we care not upon which issue they force the fight2 we are prepared to meet them on either issue or on both4 ,if they tell us that the gold standard is the standard of civilization1 we reply to them that this1 the most enlightened of all the nations of the earth1 has never declared for a gold standard and that both the great parties this year are declaring against it4 ,if the gold standard is the standard of civilization1 why1 my friends1 should we not have it4 ,if they come to meet us on that issue we can tell them that they will search the pages of history in vain to find a single instance where the common people of any land have ever declared themselves in favor of the gold standard4 ,they can find where the holders of fixed investments have declared for a gold standard1 but not where the masses have4 ,mr4 ,carlisle said in #ahgh that this was a struggle between the idle holders of idle capital and the struggling masses1 who produce the wealth and pay the taxes of the country2 and1 my friends1 the question we are to decide is3 ,upon which side will the ,democratic party fight2 upon the side of the idle holders of idle capital or upon the side of the struggling masses8 ,that is the question which the party must answer first1 and then it must be answered by each individual hereafter4 ,the sympathies of the ,democratic party1 as shown by the platform1 are on the side of the struggling masses who have ever been the foundation of the ,democratic party4 ,there are two ideas of government4 ,there are those who believe that1 if you will only legislate to make the well-to-do prosperous1 their prosperity will leak through on those below4 ,the ,democratic idea1 however has been that if you legislate to make the masses prosperous1 their prosperity will find its way up through every class which rests upon them4 ,you come to us and tell us that the great cities are in favor of the gold standard2 we reply that the great cities rest upon our broad and fertile prairies4 ,burn down your cities and leave our farms and your cities will spring up again as if by magic2 but destroy our farms and the grass will grow in the streets of every city in the country4 ,my friends1 we declare that this nation is able to legislate for its own people on every question1 without waiting for the aid or consent of any other nation on earth2 and upon that issue we expect to carry every ,state in the ,union4 ,i shall not slander the inhabitants of the fair ,state of ,massachusetts nor the inhabitants of the ,state of ,new ,york by saying that1 when they are confronted with the proposition1 they will declare that this nation is not able to attend to its own business4 ,it is the issue of #aggf over again4 ,our ancestors1 when but three millions in number1 had the courage to declare their political independence of every other nation2 shall we1 their descendants1 when we have grown to seventy millions1 declare that we are less independent than our forefathers8 ,no1 my friends1 that will never be the verdict of our people4 ,therefore1 we care not upon what lines the battle is fought4 ,if they say bimetallism is good1 but that we cannot have it until other nations help us1 we reply that1 instead of having a gold standard because ,england has1 we will restore bimetallism1 and then let ,england have bimetallism because the ,united ,states has it4 ,if they dare to come out in the open field and defend the gold standard as a good thing1 we will fight them to the uttermost4 ,having behind us the producing masses of the nation and the world1 supported by the commercial interests1 the laboring interests1 and the toilers everywhere1 we will answer their demand for a gold standard by saying to them3 ,you shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns1 you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold4 ,,speeches ,,of ,c4 ,a4 ,,bogardus4 ,i don't know much about the tariff ,i don't know much about the question1 but ,i think ,i know enough money question1 but it appears to know that if we buy #bj4jj worth to me that if under the gold of rails of a foreigner1 the standard we borrow #bj1jjj1jjj foreigner will have the money and of a foreigner1 when we pay it we will have the rails1 but if we back the foreigner will have the make the rails in ,america and buy money and the interest1 too1 but them of an ,american1 ,america will if we coin the silver 7which have the money and the rails1 too4 is an ,american product7 into ,american dollars1 borrow ,,abraham ,,lincoln4 #bj1jjj1jjj of an ,american1 when we pay it back ,america will have the money and the interest1 too4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,bogardus4 ,nothing should ever tempt ,i hope nothing ever will tempt us--nothing will ever tempt us us to scale the debt of the to scale down the sacred debt nation through a legal of the nation through a technicality4 ,whatever may legal technicality4 ,whatever may be the language of the contract be the language of the contract the ,united ,states should the ,united ,states will discharge discharge its obligations all its obligations in the according to the contract4 currency recognized as the best throughout the civilized world ,c4 ,a4 ,,bogardus4 at the time of payment4 ,,wm4 ,,mckinley4 ,this word to all when ,i am dead1 ,this word to all while we are ,be sure you are right1 then go alive1 ahead4 ,be sure we are right1 then let drive4 ,,david ,,crockett4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,bogardus4 ,,speeches ,,of ,c4 ,a4 ,,bogardus ,,address ,,delivered ,,at ,,farmington1 ,,iowa1 ,,november #bj1 #ahig1 ,,by ,c4 ,a4 ,,bogardus4 ,,subject3 ,,how ,,to ,,read4 ,mr4 ,chairman1 ,ladies and ,gentlemen3-- ,it is not so much the amount of reading that educates us1 as it is what we read and the manner it is done that benefits us1 for as ,poor ,richard says3 ,the used key is always bright1 so the well-read book always shows the handling4 ,a small well chosen library carefully read is of vastly more benefit than the large1 poorly chosen1 unread volumes that adorn the shelves of many homes4 ,yet ,i am not sure but that poorly chosen books are better not read than read4 ,a learned doctor once said3 ,it is not what we eat that sustains life1 but is what we digest4 ,we might well paraphrase his words and say it is not what we read that educates us1 but it is what we understand4 ,for what we want is not learning1 but knowledge2 that is the ability to make learning answer its true end as a quickener of intelligence and widener of the intellectual field4 ,we should not read to contradict2 nor to believe and take for granted2 nor to find talk and discourse2 but to weigh and consider4 ,this being self-evident1 we should ever remember that whatever is worth reading at all is worth reading well4 ,hence1 inasmuch as reading matter is always the expression of some author's thoughts1 it follows that the object of reading at all is to learn the thoughts of the writer4 ,so we may well aver that to read understandingly requires thought and industry4 ,for reading availeth not unless done understandingly4 ,therefore1 an article is not read1 in the full sense of the word1 until it is understood4 ,i will close by reading an article from an old scrap-book4 ,when it is read ,i trust it will accomplish a double mission1 viz3 that we more thoroughly comprehend the necessity of putting thought into our reading2 and that the real virtue in thought is acting in harmony with the knowledge or right4 ,the article to which ,i refer is entitled ,an ,angel in a ,saloon4 ,i will now read it3 ,one afternoon in the month of ,june1 #ahgj1 a lady in deep mourning1 followed by a little child1 entered one of the fashionable saloons in the city of ,n----4 ,the writer happened to be passing at the time1 and prompted by curiosity1 followed her in1 to see what would ensue4 ,stepping up to the bar1 and addressing the proprietor1 who happened to be present1 she said3 ',sir1 can you assist me8 ,i have no home1 no friends1 and am not able to work4' ,he glanced at her and then at the child1 with a mingled look of curiosity and pity4 ,evidently he was much surprised to see a woman in such a place begging1 but without asking any questions gave her some change1 and turning to those present1 he said3 ',gentlemen1 here is a lady in distress4 ,can't some of you help her a little8' ,they cheerfully acceded to the request1 and soon a purse of two dollars was made up1 and put in her hand4 ',madam1' said the gentleman who gave her the money1 'why do you come to a saloon8 ,it isn't a proper place for a lady1 and why are you driven to such a step8' ',sir1' said the lady1 ',i know it isn't a proper place for a lady to be in1 and you ask me why ,i am driven to such a step4 ,i will tell you in one short word1' pointing to a bottle behind the counter1 labelled whiskey1 'that is what brought me here--whiskey6' ',i was once happy and surrounded with all the luxuries that wealth could procure1 with a fond1 indulgent husband4 ,but in an evil hour he was tempted1 and not possessing the will to resist the temptation1 fell1 and in one short year my dream of happiness was over1 my home was forever desolate1 and the kind husband1 and the wealth that some called mine lost1 lost1 never to return1 and all by the accursed wine cup4 ',you see before you only the wreck of my former self1 homeless and friendless1 with nothing left me in this world but this little child1' and weeping bitterly1 she affectionately caressed the golden curls that shaded a face of exquisite loveliness4 ,regaining her composure1 and turning to the proprietor of the saloon1 she continued3 ',sir1 the reason why ,i occasionally enter a place like this is to implore those who deal in the deadly poison to desist1 to stop a business that spreads desolation1 ruin1 poverty and starvation4 ,think one moment of your own loved ones1 and then imagine them in the situation ,i am in4 ,i appeal to your better nature1 ,i appeal to your heart1--for ,i know you possess a kind one1--to retire from a business so ruinous to your patrons4 ',did you know the money you take across the bar is the same as taking the bread out of the mouths of the famished wives and children of your customers8 ,that it strips the clothing from their backs1 deprives them of all the comforts of this life and throws unhappiness1 misery1 crime1 and desolation in their once happy homes8 ,oh6 sir1 ,i implore1 beseech1 and pray you to retire from a business you blush to own you are engaged in before your fellow-men1 and enter one that will not only be profitable to yourself but your fellow-creatures also4 ,you will excuse me if ,i have spoken too plainly1 but ,i could not help it when ,i thought of the misery1 the unhappiness1 and the suffering it has caused me4' ',madam1 ,i am not offended1' he answered in a voice husky with emotion1 'but ,i thank you from the bottom of my heart for what you have said4' ',mamma1' said the little child1 who meantime had been spoken to by some of the gentlemen present1 taking hold of her mother's hand1 'these gentlemen wish me to sing ,little ,bessie for them4 ,shall ,i do so8' ,they all joined in the request1 and placing her in a chair she sang1 in a sweet childish voice1 the following beautiful song3 ',out in the gloomy night1 sadly ,i roam1 ,i have no mother dear1 no pleasant home2 ,nobody cares for me1 no one would cry ,even if poor little ,bessie should die4 ,weary and tired ,i've been wandering all day1 ,asking for work1 but ,i'm too small1 they say2 ,on the damp ground ,i must now lay my head2 ,father's a drunkard and mother is dead4 ',we were so happy till father drank rum1 ,then all our sorrow and trouble begun2 ,mother grew pale and wept every day1 ,baby and ,i were too hungry to play2 ,slowly they faded till one summer night ,found their dead faces all silent and white2 ,then with big tears slowly dropping ,i said1 ,father's a drunkard and mother is dead4 ',oh6 ,if the temperance men only could find ,poor1 wretched father and talk very kind2 ,if they would stop him from drinking1 then ,i should be so very happy again4 ,is it too late1 temperance men8 ,please try ,or poor little ,bessie must soon starve and die6 ,all day long ,i've been begging for bread1-- ,father's a drunkard and mother is dead4' ,the game of billiards was left unfinished1 the cards thrown aside and the unemptied glass remained on the counter2 all had pressed near1 some with pity-beaming eyes1 entranced with the musical voice and beauty of the child1 who seemed better fitted to be with angels above than in such a place4 ,the scene ,i shall never forget to my dying day1 and the sweet cadence of her musical voice still rings in my ears1 and every word of the song as it dropped from her lips sank deep into the hearts of those gathered around her4 ,with her golden hair falling carelessly around her little shoulders1 and looking so trustingly and confidingly upon the gentlemen around her1 her beautiful eyes illuminated with a light that seemed not of this earth1 she formed a picture of purity and innocence worthy the genius of a poet or painter4 ,at the close of the song many were weeping2 men who had not shed a tear for years1 now wept like children4 ,one young man who had resisted with scorn the pleadings of a loving mother and the entreaties of friends to strive to lead a better life1 to desist from a course that was wasting his fortune and ruining his health1 now approached the child1 and taking both hands in his1 while tears streamed down his cheeks1 exclaimed with deep emotion3 ',god bless you1 my little angel6 ,you have saved me from ruin and disgrace1 from poverty and a drunkard's grave4 ,if there are angels on earth1 you are one6 ,god bless you6 ,god bless you6 and putting a bill into the hands of the mother said1 ',please accept this trifle as a token of my regard and esteem1 for your little girl has done me a kindness ,i can never repay2 and remember1 whenever you are in want1 you will find in me a true friend1' at the same time giving her his name and address4 ,taking her child by the hand she turned to go1 but pausing at the door1 said3 ',god bless you1 gentlemen6 ,accept the heartfelt thanks of a poor1 friendless woman for the kindness and courtesy you have shown her4' ,before any one could reply she was gone4 ,a silence of several minutes ensued1 which was broken by the proprietor1 who exclaimed3 ',gentlemen1 that lady was right1 and ,i have sold my last glass of whiskey2 if any one of you want more you will have to go elsewhere4' ',and ,i have drank my last glass of whiskey1' said a young man who had long been given up as utterly beyond the reach of those who had a deep interest in his welfare1 as sunk too low ever to reform4 ,,speech ,,at ,,decatur1 ,,indiana1 ,,september #bb1 #ahif4 ,the occasion being a rally in which the ,hon4 ,b4 ,f4 ,shively1 candidate for governor1 and ,john ,r4 ,brunt1 candidate for congress1 had spoken over three hours4 ,the ,indianapolis ,sentinel said of ,mr4 ,bogardus that he held the closest attention throughout1 and closed amid great cheers and cries of go ahead4 ,,mr4 ,,bogardus ,,spoke ,,as ,,follows3 ,mr4 ,chairman1 ,ladies and ,gentlemen3--,that phase of the money question which is before the ,american people today and upon which we will vote in ,november is merely shall we1 or shall we not1 open the mints to the free and unlimited coinage of silver as they are now open to the coinage of gold4 ,concurrent with1 and as a part of the phase1 is the declaration that when the metals are so coined that the money made therefrom shall be treated equally under the law1 and that the ,democratic idea of equal rights to each and special privileges to neither1 shall be again incorporated in our national laws4 ,a great many rash1 and it seems to me foolish things1 are being said concerning the independent bimetallists of our country1 to charge the free coinage people with being repudiators and anarchists1 is but to put the party making such false statement in the position of a base misrepresenter1 and sooner or later the charge must slap its maker in the face4 ,there is no doubt in my mind1 but that there is a party in this country who is advocating repudiation1 but it is not the ,democratic party2 it is the ,republican party that is advocating it4 ,webster says repudiation is the act of rejecting or refusing4 ,if a party desires to pay the national debt according to contract it certainly is not advocating repudiation1 but if a party desires to violate the contract it desires to repudiate4 ,now1 my friends1 let us get right at the facts1 before we can tell who the repudiators are2 we must know what the contract is1 and then we must know what the contesting parties want to do in the premises4 ,i will read you a copy of a ,u4,s4 bond3 7,,copy ,,of ,u4,s4 ,,bond47 ,the ,united ,states of ,america are indebted to the bearer in the sum of ,one ,hundred ,dollars4 ,this bond is issued in accordance with the provisions of an act of congress1 entitled1 ,an act to authorize the refunding of the ,national ,debt1 approved ,july #adth1 #ahgj1 amended by an act approved ,january #bjth1 #ahga1 and is redeemable at the pleasure of the ,united ,states1 after the first day of ,july1 ,a4,d41 #aijg1 in coin of the standard value of the ,united ,states on said ,july #adth1 #ahgj1 with interest in such coin from the day of date hereof1 at the rate of four per cent per annum1 payable quarterly1 on the first day of ,october1 ,january1 ,april and ,july of each year4 ,the principal and interest are exempt from the payment of all taxes or duties of the ,united ,states1 as well as from taxation in any form1 by or under ,state1 ,municipal or local authority4 ,washington1 ,july #ast1 #ahgg4 ,j4 ,m4 ,,doty1 ,register of the ,treasury4 ,entered 7,g4 ,w4 ,b47 7,recorded ,w4 ,s47 ,now ,i am not trying to mislead you when ,i say that a party who proposes to pay that bond according to contract is not a repudiator1 nor am ,i misleading when ,i say that a party who attempts to prevent its payment according to contract is a repudiator4 ,the bond1 according to its own wording1 is payable in coin of the standard value of ,july #ad1 #ahgj4 ,when we learn exactly what that coin is we will then1 like ,saul of ,tarsus1 see things in a new light4 ,by the law that was in force on that date silver or gold could be coined into standard money and their standard value was their legal value4 ,the ,democratic party desires the privilege of coining the metals according to that law1 and then paying the bonds with those coins according to that law4 ,no repudiation there4 ,no1 not a particle4 7,cheers47 ,the ,republicans do not want to coin silver and gold according to that law1 and they do not want to allow the debts to be paid in gold or silver money according to that law4 ,there is repudiation there1 yes lots of it2 in fact1 it is nothing but repudiation4 7,great applause47 ,do you want to hear about the anarchy part of this question8 7,cries of yes6 yes67 ,very well1 let us examine along that line4 ,the ,democrats say that the government can coin money and regulate its value and they will accept it in payment of a debt4 ,no anarchy there2 no1 not a bit4 7,laughter47 ,the ,republicans admit that the government can coin money and regulate its value and make it a legal tender4 ,but they openly declare that they won't take it in the payment of a debt unless they want to4 ,there is anarchy there in abundance1 yes in great abundance4 7,great and continued applause47 ,let me ask the ,republicans if it is not a little strange that a law savored with such element of anarchy and repudiation1 should have been in full force in ,america from #agib to #ahgc1 a period of eighty-one years1 and have pleased the people so well1 that during all that time no political party ever openly advocated its repeal8 ,is it not1 ,i ask1 strange that ,george ,washington1 who fought so bravely for independence1 should have signed a law for repudiation and anarchy8 ,strange1 ah1 very strange6 is it not1 that ,general ,grant1 when he discovered that he had unknowingly signed a bill for the repeal of the law that they now say would be repudiation1 should have said he did not know that the law demonetized silver1 and if he had known it he would have suffered his right arm to have been cut off before he would have signed the law4 ,my friends1 not only do the ,republicans advocate repudiation1 but it also by proposing a scarce money system is advocating confiscation of the debtor's property1 for with a large money basis1 money is easier to get than with a small money basis4 ,careful thought will show that easy money means high prices1 and when money is scarce and hard to get prices are low2 it therefore follows that ,president ,lincoln was correct when he said3 ,if a government contract a debt and then contract the money before the debt is paid1 it is the most heinous crime a government can commit against its people4 ,we may boast long and strong of the great wisdom of our diplomats and the brilliancy of our statesmen1 but whatever they may say will never overshadow the fact that in a people's government the people must vote understandingly1 and when we thoroughly analyze this charge of repudiation and anarchy1 we will see that it is the same old trick of the burglar crying stop thief to the honest man1 while the rogue himself escapes4 ,much is being said about our money being good abroad1 and great fear is expressed by the banker's party that our silver money under bimetallism will only be worth fifty cents on the dollar in foreign countries4 ,now1 my friends1 let us use common sense1 and we will easily solve the problem as to how to make our silver dollars good abroad1 that feature of the question can be accomplished by following this plain easy method1 namely1 the next time a foreigner presents a bond of a few million dollars for payment1 have ,uncle ,sam hand the gentleman the amount in silver dollars1 then let the foreigner attend to making them good abroad4 ,it will be to his interest to procure a law making the silver good in his own country4 ,now1 ,i want to ask you in the name of common sense1 would not you think the foreigner crazy if when we paid him in our silver1 he would go to his own country and cry down the very money we had paid him8 ,oh1 no1 he would not do that2 he would use his influence to have a law passed in favor of bimetallism in his own country4 ,but you may urge that he might not succeed in his effort1 and he would have a lot of half value ,american dollars on hand that would not be good abroad4 ,very well1 the worst thing that could possibly happen to us under circumstances of that kind would be when the foreigner found he could not pass the money abroad he would discover all of a sudden that the money is good in ,america1 and as a matter of fact he would spend his money where it would be taken for goods4 ,so we see that we would thus either force a recognition of our money abroad or else we would control the markets of the world4 ,then in reality we would pay our debts abroad in ,american produce at a fair price and keep our money at home1 where it belongs1 as a medium of exchange4 ,and we would then realize the wisdom of the ,hon4 ,wm4 ,e4 ,gladstone when he said to the ,english ,parliament that so far as ,england was concerned bimetallism to them as a creditor country would compel them to pay more for ,american produce1 but the grand old man in his frank and honest manner added1 so far as ,america is concerned1 it would immediately give her control of the markets of the world4 ,when we lament the fact that under our present financial system the rich are growing richer and the poor are becoming poorer day by day1 we hear some one say1 that is true1 but the law of the survival of the fittest is to blame for those facts4 ,if you will pardon me for seemingly diverging from the subject ,i will say something in regard to the abuse of the law of the survival of the fittest4 ,yes1 ,i admit that under any law1 and under any conditions1 those who are best suited to the conditions under which they live will get on better than those who are not so well suited by nature to combat for existence and prosperity4 ,nature has so laid its plans that1 at or near the equator in the warm climate tropical fruits grow better than they do in ,iceland1 while the pine trees1 true to nature1 thrive best in cold regions4 ,the ,polar bear enjoys the snows of ,alaska1 but would suffocate in the tropical heat of ,borneo or ,sumatra4 ,true to the law of the survival of the fittest1 the elephant and ostrich thrive in sunny ,africa1 but would perish in ,norway's winters4 ,these things are true1 because all nature is in perfect harmony with itself4 ,when carefully considered1 we find that the reason some things prosper in one place and perish in another is merely that they are fitted for the conditions in which they thrive and are unfitted for the vicious surrounding in which they perish4 ,the lion and tiger prosper among vicious beasts1 but the child and lamb survive better where love1 mercy and righteousness reign4 ,let us suppose that ,christ and ,john ,l4 ,sullivan were contesting for the pugilistic championship under ,london prize ring rules1 most assuredly ,sullivan would win in the first round4 ,but let us change the conditions and make the place of contest the pulpit of a ,quaker church1 and the subject3 ,suffer little children to come unto me1 and forbid them not1 for such is the kingdom of heaven1 don't you think ,sullivan would be quite out of place and ,christ would be the victor on that occasion8 ,suppose a fine pasture1 bountiful with grass and water should be well stocked with a few hundred sheep and lambs and lurking around in hidden nooks of the field were a dozen or more ,norway wolves2 the sheep and the wolves are in the same pasture1 ,i want to ask you1 my friend1 what kind of stock do you think the farmer will have in that pasture in a few days if he says to himself the law of the survival of the fittest will protect those sheep if they are fit to live1 and if they can't survive then ,i will shear the wolves for my winter's wool4 ,my friends1 if that farmer ever got any wool from those wolves he would have to get it from their stomachs2 he couldn't shear it from their backs1 because it don't grow on that class of animals4 ,what would you think of the farmer's good wife if after the wolves had killed and sucked the warm blood of the last lamb she would in her supreme recognition of the law of the survival of the fittest take from her child's grave the tombstone that had carved thereon the image of a little lamb at rest under the weeping willow and place in its stead a statue of marble with the life-sized image of a wolf with the blood of a lamb streaming from his teeth8 ,no1 that would not be the act of a sane mother1 nor would the farmer willingly leave the sheep in the pasture with no other protection but the wolves4 ,under laws recognizing viciousness the most vicious will survive best4 ,our country and her people are industrious and willing1 but we are in debt1 having promised to pay ,american dollars that by the vicious system of contracting the money under the gold standard which makes dollars harder and harder to get1 which is only another way of expressing the fact that wages and produce will go lower year by year under the system of greed that is accompanying the gold standard in all countries4 ,but one thing can help the masses of our people out of the bondage of debt1 and that thing is higher prices for labor and produce4 ,higher prices in ,america will follow either of two causes--foreign famine and war or bimetallism and an increased volume of money4 ,the latter is within our control1 the former method no one should desire4 ,let us not disclaim against the wolves1 for scientists tell us that the shepherd dog that so kindly protects the sheep is a direct descendant of the wolf1 but he has been domesticated by the law of man4 ,so we see that under the vicious law of the survival of the fittest the wolf as a master was a sheep destroyer1 but under the civilized law of the survival of the fittest1 the descendant of the vicious wolf as we know1 the shepherd dog is a servant of the sheep4 ,gold is good money1 but as a master it is a tyrant4 ,let us hitch it side by side with silver and paper money1 put it all under direct control of the government1 and the wealth of this nation will be our servant1 but with gold in control our nation's wealth becomes a hard master4 ,the other day1 while on the train1 in conversation with a rich banker1 the subject of the rich and poor came up4 ,he said there was nothing in the law that tended to make people rich or poor4 ,his idea was that individual prosperity came from each man's ability as a financier4 ,why1 said he1 don't you know that if the property was all equally divided among the people1 the same people who now have it would get it again in a very short time8 ,i asked him if he was willing to change certain laws about the banking business1 then divide the property and money of the ,united ,states equally among the people8 ,he said he did not want to have any such thing done4 ,when ,i asked him to specifically name his objections to such a transaction1 he replied that it would not be fair to take what he made and give it to some one who had not made it4 ,then when ,i reminded him that he had said he would have it all back in a short time1 he said that if the law was changed about banking he would not have the same chance to get it back that he now had to keep it4 ,i told him that ,i agreed with him on his last statement1 but if ,i should agree with him in his first statement ,i could not see how the changed law and division of property would affect his ability1 and if it did affect it1 then ,i said the banking law must be a part of his ability4 ,then he replied that banking laws were something that our congressmen would attend to4 ,at this part of the conversation the train stopped and the banker bade me good-by and with a pleasant smile greeted a crowd that was waiting at the depot to escort him to the opera house1 where he was to make a speech in favor of a law allowing the banks to issue all the money and retire the government from the banking business4 ,the fellow was a candidate for congress4 ,as the train left the station ,i took from my valise a little book of statistics and found that #gi per cent of our ,congressmen and #fc per cent of our ,senators were either bankers or bank directors1 then ,i thought his last remark was true1 that our ,congressmen would attend to the banking laws all right1 especially from a banker's point of view4 ,i then thought of a path up the mountain side that was so crooked a traveler going up would meet himself coming back4 ,thanks for your attention4 ,,speech ,,delivered ,,at ,,jacksonville1 ,,illinois1 ,,december #ae1 #ahig1 ,,by ,c4 ,a4 ,,bogardus4 ,,our ,,financial ,,system4 ,mr4 ,chairman1 ,ladies and ,gentlemen3--,i am going to request my hearers this evening to be not possessed of party prejudice4 ,if there is any one feature of the human mind that works more disaster to civilization and humanity1 than another1 that feature is political partyism made blind by prejudice4 ,prejudice blinds the eye to light and benumbs the mind until reason is shut out4 ,the ,bible says1 ,and if the blind lead the blind1 both shall fall into the ditch4 ,in examining any proposition we should not proceed to change reasons and facts to suit our thoughts1 but rather remove all prejudice from our mind and then change our thoughts to agree with the facts4 ,for my part ,i would that all voters and their wives and children would form themselves into a party of political truthseekers4 ,when that is done humanity1 justice and a pure government of all the people1 by all the people and for all the people1 will form the armor of our civilization4 ,but as long as blind partyism prevails men will get into heated political discussions that only widen the gulf of misunderstanding4 ,misleading newspaper articles will make the gulf deeper1 and the cunning hand of plutocracy and coercion will widen the waters of the gulf into a vast restless ocean1 without even the signs of a rainbow to tell them that the great storm of poverty and human slavery to the money power1 that knows no love1 no mercy1 no justice or ,christianity1 shall not continue forever and anon4 ,as we stand on a mountain crest and cast our eyes over the wide extent of country1 it is the more prominent features that impress themselves on our vision4 ,the lesser details1 the waving field1 the blooming bush1 the evergreen moss1 the singing bird and fragrant rose1 which attract the attention and admiration of the immediate bystander1 are lost to our view by the distance4 ,but the range of forest-clad hills1 the winding river1 the crystal lake1 the wide expanse of fertile plains and snow-capped mountain peaks1 determine the landscape and claim our attention4 ,we of the ,united ,states are today surrounded by the ,anglo-,american civilization of the closing days of the #aith century4 ,let us from this height glance along the road of our nation's journey hither4 ,we can at best only hope to notice the more prominent lines of advance4 ,to carefully trace the growth of all the departments would not only greatly exceed the limited time at our command this evening1 but would also confuse us by the multiplicity of subjects demanding our attention4 ,when ,god created man in his own image and placed him on earth1 ,he gave man dominion over the earth and all the fullness thereof4 ,there is an old maxim which teaches1 that through respect for the giver1 we should not give1 barter or sell away a present4 ,god gave the earth and all that is in it to mankind4 ,may we not here ask1 to what mankind was the earth given8 ,and what is meant by man8 ,it is plain to the student that by man is meant all mankind1 for all time so long as he shall live1 for we find in research of the scripture that ,god is not ,god of the dead1 but of the living4 ,i want to ask you in the name of justice and humanity1 should a great majority of mankind now1 in the strongest and most highly civilized country1 give the earth and its abundance to the money corporations1 trusts and combines1 that are in reality transforming our beloved republic into a ,den of ,thieves2 or should we keep possession of the bountiful gift1 that our children and the children of the generations to follow will inherit the land1 that was so graciously presented to all mankind1 by an all wise ,providence8 ,one of the uppermost features in our civilization today is our national medium of exchange1 called money4 ,reasonable men of all parties agree that our money should be sound and honest1 and limited only in amount by the necessities and requirements of the citizens of our country1 in striving after a nobler and higher civilization in which the greatest good to the greatest number shall be the pinnacle of ultimate achievement4 ,in ,june of #ahif1 the representatives of a great party met in national convention in the city of ,st4 ,louis1 ,mo41 and outlined a party platform in which we find a plank which says3 ,we are therefore opposed to the free coinage of silver1 except by international agreement with the leading commercial nations of the world1 which we pledge ourselves to promote1 and until such agreement can be obtained1 the existing gold standard must be preserved4 ,as we think of and discuss this or any other proposition1 the question foremost in our mind should be3 ,is that proposition1 if adopted1 likely to promote the interest of an independent liberty loving1 ,democratic people1 or will it1 if adopted1 work in an opposite direction8 ,in my judgment1 a careful examination of that plank will reveal the fact that it is hypocritical in the extreme1 and in itself makes by its own declaration1 improbable the very thing it pretends to advocate and pledge itself to support1 namely3 ,bimetallism1 by an international agreement with the leading commercial nations of the world4 ,there is no business man1 farmer or politician who has ever successfully accomplished any undertaking by adopting the idea most prominent in this plank1 which is declaring bimetallism to be right1 and then saying that we cannot and will not do anything to procure it if the leading commercial nations of the world do not consent to it4 ,let us examine this plank in detail1 and see if the general proposition of waiting for our common enemy to assist us in helping ourselves is not ridiculous4 ,we notice that the party in drawing up this plank1 says3 ,that they pledge themselves to promote bimetallism by agreement2 then in the next clause1 say1 and until such an agreement can be obtained1 the existing gold standard must be preserved4 ,let me illustrate3 ,suppose this gentleman on my right having a horse fairly worth on the market #ajj1 should say to the young man on my left that he desired to sell the animal4 ,if the young man wished to buy he would ask the price of the horse4 ,i ask1 what would the owner receive for his steed1 if he should reply1 ,well1 ,i ask #ajj1 but if you will not give that much1 ,i will take #be4 ,now1 my gold standard friends1 do you not know that the purchaser would take advantage of the seller and only give #be for the horse4 ,when the party at ,st4 ,louis pledged themselves to promote international bimetallism1 and then asserted1 until such an agreement can be obtained the existing gold standard must be preserved1 they in effect1 like the man with the horse1 put their business in the other fellow's hands2 for was not that clause simply another way of saying to the foreigner1 if you will not give us bimetallism we will take the gold standard1 although we prefer the bimetallic standard8 ,fellow citizens1 ,i ask you in the name of ,american independence1 does it not appear as though there was a colored gentleman somewhere in the background8 ,let us examine further1 and we will see that the colored man wears a ,british coat of arms1 and has his ,american office on ,williams street1 ,new ,york city4 ,we will make no mistakes in our conclusion if we understand the facts1 and to more clearly appreciate the full international effect1 of the plank under examination1 let us draw another picture from human nature4 ,we will imagine you people of ,jacksonville to be a little sporty1 and that you have in your midst a prize fighter of whom you are quite proud2 we will suppose that ,springfield has a character of the same kind1 and the ,st4 ,louis ,athletic club should offer #ej1jjj as a purse for a fistic contest between these two champions1 #dj1jjj to be the reward of the winner and #aj1jjj to soothe the wounds of the defeated pugilist4 ,we will suppose the fight is arranged and the men go into careful training1 the time for the mill has at last arrived1 the ring is complete1 and all details perfect4 ,a large audience has assembled and betting is liberally indulged in2 of course ,jacksonville sports back their home man4 ,at the appointed hour the contestants enter the ring4 ,then you see your ,jacksonville man is much the superior in appearance to the ,springfield upstart4 ,your man being the quicker and stronger1 has a longer reach1 and is the more scientific4 7,america is quicker and stronger1 has a longer reach1 and is more scientific than any other nation on earth47 ,you feel sure your man will win the fight on short notice1 in fact you almost pity the man from ,springfield1 to see that he must compete in a fistic combat with such a giant as the ,jacksonville ,gladiator4 ,the referee announces that ,marquis of ,queensbury's rules are to govern1 he looks at his watch and announces that in one minute the fight will be on1 the fighters raise their hands to position4 ,when just a few seconds of time still remains before the slugging is to commence1 your ,jacksonville man says to his opponent1 hold on1 if you don't run1 ,i will4 ,what1 ,i ask you1 would you think of your prize fighter then8 ,think of the ,united ,states training for a century for supremacy of ,american self-government over foreign monarchical governments1 then when all things are completed for the final fight of the survival of the fittest1 a great party saying to the monarchies of ,europe1 we know bimetallism is right1 but if you will not consent to it1 then we will stick to the gold standard4 ,if you don't run1 we will4 7,great laughter and applause47 ,party prejudice prevailed and through the misrepresentations of the papers and certain unscrupulous politicians the party making those representations carried the election4 ,international bimetallic commissioners were sent to the foreign countries to procure this great international agreement1 and did they get it8 ,facts answer no4 ,let me again implore you to lay aside party prejudice and look matters squarely in the face1 and we will immediately see1 that not only did ,mr4 ,wolcott and his party make a signal failure in procuring international bimetallism1 but by the very terms of the ,st4 ,louis platform it was impossible for him to succeed in his alleged purpose4 ,now1 my friends1 let us suppose ,mr4 ,wolcott and his two associates are in ,england talking with the rich moneyed men for international bimetallism and ,mr4 ,wolcott is dealing out sledge-hammer argument in favor of international bimetallism1 using the same argument in ,england the ,bryan ,democrats used in the campaign of #ahif in the ,united ,states4 ,the financial men of ,england would then say to ,mr4 ,wolcott1 did you say that bimetallism in the ,united ,states meant #ej-;cent dollars8 ,mr4 ,wolcott would answer1 ,yes1 ,i said that2 whereupon the ,englishman would say1 ,then international bimetallism would mean international #ej-;cent dollars4 ,question ,no4 #b4 ,mr4 ,wolcott1 did not you say bimetallism in the ,united ,states meant repudiation8 ,yes1 would come from ,mr4 ,wolcott4 ,then the ,englishman would reply1 ,would not international bimetallism mean international repudiation8 ,question ,no4 #c4 ,mr4 ,wolcott1 did you not tell the people of the ,united ,states that free silver over there meant anarchy and lost confidence8 ,again ,mr4 ,wolcott is forced to admit that was just what he said here in #ahif4 ,in a triumphant air the ,englishman would say international free silver would mean international anarchy and international lost confidence4 7,laughter and applause74 ,if ,mr4 ,wolcott should further continue the argument1 what could the poor fellow say if the ,englishman would draw the ,republican platform of '#if on him and read the following3 ,and until such agreement can be obtained the existing gold standard must be preserved4 ,johnny ,bull would add1 ,you ,americans served notice on us that all we had to do was to stick to the gold standard and you would also stick to it4 ,now1 we money men of ,england think we can get more bushels of corn1 oats1 rye and barley1 more days labor of you fellows for what you owe us under the gold standard than we could under international bimetallism4 ,we know it is hard on you1 but it is the making of us1 and we will stick to the gold standard2 and as you said you would stick to it if we did1 all we can do for you1 ,mr4 ,wolcott1 is to serve you a fine wine supper1 and tell you to return to ,america and stick to the gold standard4 7,great applause47 ,my friends1 the most ridiculous proceeding ,i ever heard of was the ,republican party sending commissioners abroad to procure international bimetallism with that plank staring them in the face4 ,i want to ask you if you do not think that if ,mr4 ,wolcott would have taken a carload or two of the ,republican literature of #ahif and handed out the pamphlets to the ,englishmen1 saying this is what we think of free silver in the ,united ,states1 will you help us to have it by an international action8 ,would not that kind of literature hurt the cause instead of helping it8 ,for my part1 ,i have no objections to the ,president sending a ,senator from ,colorado to the foreign countries to advocate bimetallism1 but ,i do insist that he sent the wrong senator4 ,most certainly ,mr4 ,teller could have gone abroad with a little handful of free silver literature that was left over in the campaign of '#if and accomplished more1 in a day's honest consistent work1 for bimetallism1 than could ,senator ,wolcott with the tons of gold standard pamphlets published by the ,republican party4 7,great applause47 ,a noticeable fact is that one of the greatest job lots of political trickery and deception that was ever attempted in ,america has been practiced in the ,united ,states since the month of ,june1 #ahif4 ,later in the season the so-called ,gold-standard ,democrats conventioned in ,indianapolis2 their money plank reads1 ,we assert the necessity of such intelligent currency reform as will confine the government to its legitimate functions1 completely separated from the banking business1 and afford to all sections of our country a safe1 uniform and elastic bank currency1 under government supervision1 measured in volume by the need of business4 ,strange as it may seem1 while ,mr4 ,wolcott was abroad1 pretendingly for the purpose of procuring bimetallism by international agreement1 the ,president and ,secretary of the ,treasury were working up a scheme to have the gold standard adopted according to the tenor of the ,indianapolis platform4 ,when we consider #g1jjj1jjj voted for international free silver1 and #f1ejj1jjj voted for independent free silver1 we see the ,united ,states has #ac1ejj1jjj bimetallists2 only #acd1jjj1 or less than one per cent1 voted the ,gold-standard ,democratic ticket4 ,yet1 my friends1 we today find ,mr4 ,gage trying to overrule the desire of more than ninety-nine per cent and put into law the will of less than one per cent of our voting population4 ,and what amount of money do the gold standard people want8 ,they say they want it safe1 uniform and elastic1 measured in volume by the need of business4 ,will you tell me by whose business they wish to measure the volume of money8 ,it cannot be the farmers' business and the merchants' business they would have to measure the volume by1 for that would make a double standard of measurement1 and they tell us we cannot have but one standard of measurement4 ,then ,i ask1 whose business will measure the amount under such a law8 ,to me the answer comes back in reverberating tones repeated with emphasis1 measured in volume according to the bankers' business1 of course4 ,our philosophers tell us there are two kinds of elasticity--elasticity by compression and elasticity by expansion4 ,thus an elastic substance after being either compressed or expanded when released1 returns to its original shape and size1 so when the bankers want money expanded in volume according to the need of their business1 they would expand it1 and whenever their business ends are best accomplished by contraction2 then1 of course1 contraction is the program with them4 ,while the government is completely separated from the banking business so they can furnish no relief1 we might compare that system with an alligator on the banks of a ,louisiana river lying out to sun himself2 he gets the bankers' elastic idea in his head1 and his upper jaw flies over his back1 and his mouth is twice as large as when it is closed1 elasticity by expansion4 7,laughter47 ,a sweet substance gathers on his open mouth1 and the flies light there to eat it 7just as the people will gather around the bankers for money when there is no other place to procure it74 ,the flies gather thicker and thicker1 and the mouth gets bigger and bigger1 more and more elasticity by expansion2 finally the alligator1 like the banker1 happens to think that there is another kind of elasticity1 when down comes the upper jaw on the lower jaw and the flies are caught in the trap1 and the ,government shall go out of the banking business to furnish no relief or escape 7cries of good1 and cheers74 ,my friends1 if ,i mistake not1 every cry of the ,republican party from the time of ,john ,c4 ,fremont until the campaign of #ahif has been against banks issuing paper money except that the ,government was strictly in the banking business4 ,have not they always told us1 that when state or other banks issue paper money without the ,government in the banking business to back up the issue1 such money in case of a failure of the issuing bank became wild-cat money1 and did they not say to us wild-cat money made paupers8 ,now they go squarely back on all they have taught us on the money question1 and advocate the wild-cat money system themselves according to their own statements4 ,one thing ,i will concede is1 that the ,republicans and gold standard ,democrats are certainly on their past statements entitled to the #a1jjj1jjj offered by the ,united ,states patent office for the invention of a perpetual motion1 would not they have a complete and perpetual motion in their bank issuing money with the ,government completely separate from the banking business1 for we see the bank issue would be made of paper1 so we have the perpetual motion in this simple problem4 ,rags make paper1 paper makes money1 money makes banks1 banks make paupers1 and paupers make rags4 ,rags make paper1 paper makes money 7great cheer and laughter74 ,now1 my friends1 let me read you a plank in a platform that contains the spirit upon which our forefathers freed the thirteen ,american colonies from ,england1 the spirit on which their descendants maintained ,american liberty and builded from #c1jjj1jjj population along the ,atlantic shores in #agha1 a nation of #gj1jjj1jjj grand ,anglo-,americans1 with their half a hundred states and territories extending from the rock bound coast of the pine tree state to the golden gates of ,california1 stretching over a vast area of more than #c1jjj1jjj square miles1 with great cities1 towns1 villages and hamlets1 with our colleges and universities that are equaled by none in ,europe4 ,i will now read you the money plank of the ,chicago platform1 which contains the spirit represented by the statute at ,new ,york1 of liberty enlightening the world4 ,it is as follows3 ,we demand a free and unlimited coinage of both gold and silver at the present legal ratio of #af to #a1 without waiting for the aid or consent of any other nation4 ,we demand that the standard silver dollar shall be a full legal tender equally with gold1 for the payment of all debts public and private1 and we favor such legislation as will in the future prevent the demonetization of any kind of legal tender money by private contract4 ,while bimetallism is the theme this evening1 you will excuse me for intruding on your time long enough to briefly comment on the spirit of that plank that shines prominently above all other issues in the ,chicago platform--it is these simple words1 ,without waiting for the aid or consent of any other nation4 ,i want to ask you1 what would have been the result if our forefathers in #aggf had adopted any other spirit than this8 ,does not the answer immediately echo that we would be today ,english8 ,history tells us that while the ,british red coats with their muskets were invading the colonies1 a handful of bold liberty loving men met at ,philadelphia and signed the ,declaration of ,independence4 ,you may read that instrument and you will see that it declares for ,american liberty from an ,american point of view1 without waiting for the aid or consent of any other nation4 ,when bold old non-international agreement ,john ,hancock read that declaration1 he made a speech to the multitude in front of ,liberty hall1 in which he implored them to throw aside trivial differences1 and on the main question of independence1 all good liberty loving people should hang together4 ,benjamin ,franklin replied3 ,yes1 we must all hang together or we will all hang separate4 ,in ,franklin's witticism1 ,i think ,i can see the solution of our present financial trouble--the good people of all parties must solve the problem1 then we must all hang together or we will all hang separately to the tail of the old ,british lion1 and while we voters are thus suspended1 the cubs of that lion will devour the young ,anglo-,american eagles before they scarcely have time to scream for mercy4 ,not only did that spirit of independence pervade in ,philadelphia in #aggf1 but it was foremost at ,bunker ,hill4 ,but ,benedict ,arnold and ,major ,andre seemed to have taken a different view1 and the former fled to ,english assistance1 the latter was executed because of his attempt to do likewise4 ,but the spirit of independence1 without waiting for the consent of any other nation1 shone forth like a plumed knight or a mighty gladiator on the #aith day of ,october1 #agha1 at ,yorktown1 when the ,british gave up their swords and surrendered to the liberty loving fathers of ,america4 ,do you think ,cornwallis would have surrendered to ,washington if the ,colonial ,congress had declared that they would promote independence by international agreement1 and until such agreement could be obtained1 the existing will of ,king ,george must be maintained1 and if ,washington and his army had fought for ,english instead of ,american supremacy8 ,i want to say to you that it was not the international agreement spirit that won in the war of #ahab at ,new ,orleans4 ,general ,jackson told his ,kentucky riflemen to keep their powder dry and guns well loaded1 and when they were close enough to see the white of the enemies' eyes to shoot directly between them4 ,history tells us that the third volley charmed and the ,british surrendered to the ,american army once more without an international agreement4 ,in the blackest of the dark days of the late rebellion when the possible1 and to a certain extent the seeming probable success of the confederacy was spreading like an appalling cloud over our country1 we find it on record that the ,english were preparing their man-of-war and navy to assist the ,south when the illustrious ,lincoln said1 ,hands off1 and it was so2 suppose ,mr4 ,lincoln had said to ,england1 ,let us have an international agreement that you are not to interfere4 ,why1 my friends1 ,i believe ,england would have signed such an agreement the day after ,mr4 ,lincoln had acknowledged the independence of the ,southern ,states1 and not before4 ,we may as well know that the success of a ,republican or ,democratic form of government is envied by all the monarchies or empires where the people have less self-government4 ,the gold standard monarchies or empires will never1 knowingly1 do anything to improve times in a republic and thus create among their subjects a desire to throw off the monarchial yoke of oppression4 ,i know that much has been said against the ,american republic becoming entangled with the ,european powers1 but ,i fear that many in treating on this line do not show the real menace of such an entanglement4 ,we all know that the laws of the empires and monarchies are in the interest of the moneyed classes1 and we are proud to say that in ,america our laws are for the masses4 ,let me tell you by way of comparison why we should keep out of an international agreement entanglement on the money question4 ,i will use the tariff as an illustration4 ,i care not what your politics may be1 you will all agree with me that there was one redeeming feature in the ,mc,kinley bill4 ,that some good feature was in the ,wilson-,gormon act1 and the same quality of goodness today shines forth in the present ,dingley tariff law4 ,do you ask what that feature is8 ,i answer it is this3 ,that law was passed by the independent action of the ,american ,congress4 ,if we do not like it we can repeal it1 without waiting for the aid or consent of any other nation on earth4 ,our ,government bonds are all payable in coins of the ,united ,states of the standard weight and value of ,july #ad1 #ahgj2 that weight was #bc4bb grains of gold or #cga4be grains of silver to the dollar4 ,the value of those coins was that they were a legal tender in the payment of debts4 ,if we have an international agreement for bimetallism we can not have it all our own way--the foreigner would be entitled to a voice4 ,suppose we would fix the ratio at any other than the ratio of ,july #adth1 #ahgj4 ,then our dollars would no longer be of the weight that the bonds call for and the foreigner would have the best of us1 for our own coins would not be a legal tender in payment of our bonds4 ,now suppose we wanted to repeal that law1 could we repeal it by international agreement8 ,well1 ,i guess not4 ,the foreigners would never consent to the repeal of a law that was to their advantage4 ,therein lies the real menace of an international agreement even if we could get it4 ,the only way we could ever get rid of that agreement would be just to back squarely out1 then we might properly be called repudiators4 ,we often hear it said that the congress of #agib used great care to put just a dollar's worth of silver in a silver dollar and dollar's worth of gold in the gold dollar4 ,now while it is true that according to the law of ,april #ab1 #agib1 a dollar's worth of silver was put in the silver dollar1 the amount of silver became worth a dollar as a creature of law1 and it is not true that the silver dollar became worth a dollar because of the value of the silver contained in it4 ,that congress made the dollar just as ,god made man4 ,god said1 ,let us make man1 and the ,lord ,god formed man of the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life1 and man became a living soul4 ,god did not study and bother his mind about taking a man's worth of dust to make a man4 ,no1 he took some dust of the ground and formed therefrom a man and by his own authority breathed the breath of life in man's nostrils and man thus became a living soul4 ,god then gave man legal authority over the living creatures of the earth and also gave him authority to replenish the earth4 ,man's rights came from the power of ,god4 ,the constitution says congress shall have power to coin money and regulate the value thereof4 ,so congress made the dollar as ,god made man1 and the ,american congress formed the dollar of the silver and gold of the earth1 put the eagle on one side of the coin and breathed into that coin the legal tender law1 and the bimetallic dollar became a living soul of prosperity for eighty-one years as long as the silver and gold were allowed to fly side by side2 but when in #ahgc the wings were clipped from the silver and the legal tender breath shut off1 then the gold had to do all the work2 it being too weak to do so1 adversity came4 ,they tell us that law cannot regulate value and that gold never changes in value4 ,let us for a moment form ourselves into a party of truthseekers and look up the record as to that proposition4 ,the law of ,april #bnd1 #agib1 said #cga4ge grains of silver could be freely coined into one dollar1 or two halves1 or four quarters1 or ten dimes1 each to be a legal tender at its face value1 if not worn1 for any amount2 that law also said #bd4ge grains of gold could be coined into coins of the value of the dollar2 of course you understand the gold was in higher denominations than the dollar4 ,now let us watch carefully as to whether or not the law cannot regulate value and that gold never changes4 ,in #ahcd the law said #bc4bj grains of gold when coined in ,american money constituted a dollar4 ,let me see1 the gold has changed all at once and the law regulates the amount of gold that goes in a dollar4 ,in #ahcg1 the law requires #bc4bb grains of gold to the dollar1 another change4 ,in #ahec the law says that no longer shall it require #cga4ge grains of silver to make a dollar's worth of fractional coins1 but that #cdb4bb grains of silver would make two halves1 four quarters or ten dimes1 and they should be a legal tender in the payment of debts for #e4 ,in '#gc the coinage of the standard silver dollar was stopped by law1 and silver fell in price4 ,in #ahgh the ,bland-,allison act allowed the coinage of the standard silver dollar4 ,in #ahij the ,sherman act called for more silver coinage and the price of silver immediately advanced4 ,in #ahic the coinage of silver was again stopped and the price of silver dropped1 hence we see that the law does regulate values1 and that gold does change in value so far even as the dollar is concerned4 ,a teacher once told ,benjamin ,franklin that a boy told him1 if he would take a tub weighing #ajj pounds and put #ejj pounds of water in it1 which only about half filled the tub1 the tub and water would weigh #fjj pounds1 but if he would put a live fish weighing #ajj pounds in the tub1 the tub1 water and fish would not weigh more than #fjj pounds4 ,can you explain that curious contradiction of the law of gravity1 asked the teacher of ,franklin4 ,whereupon ,mr4 ,franklin requested his interrogator to call at his office next day4 ,franklin procured a tub weighing #ajj pounds1 put in it #ejj pounds of water1 and the weight was #fjj pounds1 just as the boy had told the teacher2 then ,mr4 ,franklin added a #ajj-pound live fish and the total weight was #gjj pounds4 ,the next day the teacher called on ,franklin for his solution of the great problem1 whereupon ,franklin replied1 there was but one solution to the question4 ,what is that8 anxiously inquired the visitor4 ,why1 replied ,franklin1 the boy lied4 ,my friends1 when they tell us the law cannot regulate value and that gold never changes1 and when we examine the records and see that gold does change and that law does regulate value1 we say there is but one answer to them1 and that is just as ,franklin answered the teacher about the boy4 ,we hear it said by the ,republicans that free silver would drive gold out of the country2 our ,democratic friends tell us that free silver will not drive gold out of the country4 ,so we see on that point people seem to differ in opinion4 ,for my part ,i believe that free silver either will drive the gold out or else it will not4 ,i want to ask the ,republicans to acknowledge for the sake of argument that silver would not drive the gold out4 ,now1 let us examine the question if silver don't drive the gold out1 and we have a block of gold large enough to make into #ajj1 and a block of silver sufficiently large to make into a like amount1 if the gold-standard ,democratic idea prevails1 all the money we could coin would be the #ajj from the gold1 for silver could not be coined1 but if bimetallism prevailed we could coin #ajj from the gold and #ajj from the silver1 making #bjj1 that is1 if the silver does not drive out the gold4 ,but the ,republicans may urge that free silver would drive out the gold by the gold going at a premium over silver1 then we would coin the block of silver into #ajj legal tender dollars and the gold would be exchanged for a block of silver say #be per cent larger than the block that drove it out1 and we would coin that block into #abe legal tender dollars1 adding it to the silver that stayed at home1 making #bbe dollars1 just #be more than we would have if the gold did not advance to a premium4 ,but they tell us that would be coining the cheapest metal4 ,now1 honor bright1 you ,republicans cannot complain of that for the reason ,i will presently explain4 ,we often hear it urged that during the eighty-one years of bimetallism in the ,united ,states only about #h1jjj1jjj silver dollars were coined1 and that subsequently to #ahgc more than #djj1jjj1jjj have been coined4 ,true1 there were only about #h1jjj1jjj dollar pieces made of the silver metal1 but there were more than #h1jjj1jjj made because of the silver1 for as ,france had a ratio of #ae-a_/b to #a against our ratio of #af to #a our gold stayed at home and the silver was at a #c per cent premium over the gold according to the ,french ratio1 then a #ajj block of gold drove a #ajj block of silver to ,france1 and drove from ,france to ,america a block of gold large enough to make #ajc4 ,so we had our gold made into #ajj1 and the gold that came from ,france in exchange for silver made into #ajc1 making a total of #bjc1 whereas we could only have had #bjj if one metal had not gone at a premium4 ,history1 arithmetic and common sense prove the correctness of this proposition4 ,abraham ,lincoln once said he did not know much about the tariff question1 but he thought he knew enough to know that if we bought #bj worth of steel rails of a foreigner the foreigner would have the money and we would have the rails2 but if we made the rails in ,america and bought them of an ,american1 ,america would have the money and the rails1 too4 ,now1 my ,republican friends1 don't you believe that8 ,i do4 ,i may not know much about the money question1 but ,i think ,i know enough to know that if under the gold standard we borrow #bj1jjj1jjj of a foreigner1 when we pay it back the foreigner will have the money and the interest1 too1 but if we coin the silver1 which is an ,american product1 into legal tender dollars1 borrow #bj1jjj1jjj of an ,american1 when we pay it back it kind of seems to me somehow that ,america will have the money and the interest1 too4 ,what say you1 ,lincoln ,republicans8 ,but another objection is that we would have a great commerce destroying flood of silver in this country4 ,let us examine that proposition as seekers after the truth4 ,here comes ,mr4 ,foreigner with a carload or two of silver1 the ,united ,states mints coin it into legal tender ,american dollars and hands it back to ,mr4 ,foreigner4 ,now1 ,mr4 ,foreigner will either take that silver money away with him or else he will leave it here4 ,if he takes it away it will not flood this country1 will it8 ,well1 if he leaves it here he will either give it to us or buy something with it4 ,now1 if he gives it to us1 will not you ,republicans be willing to take your share8 ,won't you ,democrats willingly receive your share8 ,and1 ,i ask1 is there a gold standard banker in all ,america who would not1 with just a tiny wee bit of persuading1 be willing to take the shares of both ,republicans and ,democrats8 ,now1 if ,mr4 ,foreigner should buy something with this great flood of silver we can see the wisdom of ,mr4 ,gladstone when he said1 ,if ,america should adopt bimetallism they would within six weeks control the markets of the world4 ,a favorite expression of our ,republican friends is1 that because ,mexico does not maintain a parity between gold and silver under bimetallism1 the ,united ,states cannot4 ,when a man tells us that we should pity him4 ,if we examine that question by comparison we will see the party making such a statement is either not sincere1 or else he is not posted on the relative strength of the ,united ,states and ,mexico4 ,records show that ,mexico has #gjj1jjj square miles of land1 more than one-half of which is nearly or quite barren desert or waste land1 leaving only about #cej1jjj miles of arable land1 #d1iha miles of railway1 #bg1hfa miles of telegraph line and a population of #aj1jjj1jjj ,indians and ,spaniards4 ,the ,united ,states has #c1dfj1jjj square miles1 over two-thirds of which is arable land1 and very productive of the staple articles consumed by the most enlightened nations of the world4 ,we have #agj1jjj miles of railway1 #ghj1jjj miles of telegraph line1 and a population of #gb1jjj1jjj ,anglo-,americans2 thus we see we have over ten times as much arable land exclusive of ,alaska1 thirty-four times as much railway1 twenty-nine times as much telegraph line1 and over seven times the population of ,mexico4 ,in size1 wealth1 commerce and science1 ,mexico is not to be compared with the ,united ,states4 ,when we compare ,mexico with the ,united ,states1 we are comparing it with the most gigantic country of the nineteenth century4 ,you can form the ,united ,states into eighteen states each as large as ,spain1 or thirty-one states as large as ,italy1 or sixty-two states as large as ,england and ,wales4 ,what a mighty confederation of land1 water1 commerce1 wealth and people is the ,united ,states when we come to think of it4 ,why1 friends1 we can take five of the six first-class countries of ,europe--,france1 ,great ,britain and ,ireland1 ,germany1 ,austria and ,italy1 then add ,mexico--let some mighty smith forge them all together into one vast empire1 and you can lay them all down in the ,united ,states1 west of the ,hudson river1 twice4 ,wittingly has it been said that the ,united ,states has the natural basis for the greatest continuous government ever established by man4 ,mexico has less than #ajj miles of inland navigation1 while the ,united ,states has over #ce1jjj miles4 ,steam boats can go up the ,mississippi1 ,missouri and ,ohio rivers over #b1ejj miles from the ,gulf1 thus carrying our seaboard into the very heart of our continent4 ,as to our resources1 the crop of #ahgi1 after feeding our population1 furnished for export #bhc1jjj1jjj bushels of grain4 ,this vast crop was raised on #afd1bae square miles1 or less than one-twelfth of our arable land4 ,it is estimated that if all our arable land was under the plow1 it would feed a population of #a1jjj1jjj1jjj people1 and furnish for export #a1jjj1jjj1jjj bushels of grain food for export4 ,but what can we say of the people of ,mexico and the ,united ,states8 ,the difference in our population is not alone the difference between #aj1jjj1jjj in ,mexico and #gb1jjj1jjj in the ,united ,states1 but the difference between #aj1jjj1jjj ,indians and ,spaniards and #gb1jjj1jjj ,anglo-,americans4 ,mexicans and ,indians are but semi-civilized1 and the ,spaniards are1 generally speaking1 a sluggardly1 non-advancing people1 while the ,anglo-,americans of the ,united ,states are the most highly civilized people on the earth1 wide awake and progressive in science1 literature and mechanical inventions4 ,at a recent exposition in ,paris where the foremost nations of the world were exhibiting for premiums five gold medals were given for the greatest inventions or discoveries1 and how many came to the ,united ,states8 ,only five2 that is all4 ,now to say that because ,mexico cannot maintain a parity between gold and silver1 ,america cannot1 is just about like saying that a ,kentucky race horse cannot beat an ,english horse because a ,mexican donkey cannot do so4 ,my friends1 our ability to maintain a parity between gold and silver is our ability to absorb money in our daily and yearly business4 ,give our country the increased volume of money that bimetallism will give us instead of the necessary contracted volume that the gold standard leaves us1 and we will have a genuine lasting wave of prosperity moving westward from ,new ,england1 starting the shops at increased wages4 ,that wave will meet with joy the western prosperity wave that sets in motion the mining and agricultural interests of a patient and patriotic people1 the eastern and western wave will shake hands with the southern cotton growers and northern wheat raisers4 ,from the four quarters of our nation prosperity will spring up from an ,american point of view without waiting for the aid or consent of any other country1 and without international agreement4 ,then will a mighty people standing for humanity and general prosperity1 shout aloud1 ,we lead1 let others follow4 ,i thank you for your attention4 ,good night4 ,,what ,,next8 ,patrick ,henry1 the revolutionist1 on ,march #beth1 #agge1 said3 ,i have but one lamp by which my feet are guided and that is the lamp of ,experience4 ,i know of no way of judging of the future but by the past4 ,patrick1 the ,irishman1 always said1 our hind sight is better than our front sight4 ,right in the beginning let me say that inasmuch as an open confession is good for the soul1 ,i most emphatically and with one gulp swallow this doctrine in toto4 ,i take it for granted that a vast majority will1 without much persuasion1 acknowledge that our historical knowledge has been garnered by looking backward4 ,experience shows that causes1 equal to each other1 produce equal effects2 hence to arrive at a rational conclusion as to what must we do to be saved from ,eastern ,imperialism or its equal1 ,western greed1 supported by law1 let us look at the ,united ,states in retrospect4 ,my space is limited4 ,i shall bid for your gratitude by being brief4 ,i consult my watch1 a beautiful piece of machinery1 and learn that it is three o'clock2 it is ,july #bast1 #aijb4 ,it has been raining1 or rather drizzling for about twenty hours4 ,it is an ideal time for reflection4 ,near the window where ,i sit is a large1 vacant lot4 ,the grass is fragrant1 its surface is smooth and elevated4 ,i remember viewing the same lot eight years ago1 just after a similar rain to the one that is now abating4 ,the lot was then a large pond1 eighteen inches deep4 ,what a change labor has made on its surface6 ,looking another direction1 ,i see a lot1 now covered with water as it was eight years ago4 ,i will venture the assertion that it will be covered with water a thousand years hence1 unless labor improves it as it has the one just mentioned4 ,my library contains several volumes devoted entirely to the history of the ,united ,states4 ,they all say that four hundred years ago1 what is now the ,united ,states was a vast territory of uncultivated land1 crossed by the mountain ranges and rivers1 that still hold forth4 ,there were also people here1 and they had a government4 ,we call it tribe rule1 and tribal relations4 ,they were savages4 ,hence1 looking backward as far as history permits1 we find the ,united ,states a tract of land that was the home of ,nature1 and ,natures1 beasts4 ,inhabited by the roaming ,indian1 whose government and mechanical ability were as widely different from the present style as the ,city of ,chicago is from old ,fort ,dearborn1 in ,lake ,michigan swamps of #ahaa4 ,history recounts that ,european government had succeeded in governing so that the toiling subjects preferred to come to ,america1 and dwell among ,indians1 and rule themselves1 than to stay in ,europe among friends1 and be ruled by the old style1 ,european government4 ,be it remembered that it was not the tangible improvements which were the handiwork of labor1 from which the poor of ,europe fled4 ,but it was the ,european laws that oppressed them4 ,it was oppression from which they were fleeing4 ,they did not come to the ,new ,connecticut because it was new1 but because it was the only available place for them4 ,they did not come to ,america because they did not like law1 or because they did not want to worship ,god1 but to gain justice and privilege of worship4 ,the poor came to ,america to earn a living without kingly interference4 ,the king sent rulers not to earn a living1 but to get a living4 ,the poor said1 ,i will go to ,america and eat bread in the sweat of my face4 ,the ruler said1 ,where you go1 ,i will go also1 and ,i will eat bread in the sweat of your face4 ,thus we see that the oppressed came to ,america to avoid tyranny1 while simultaneously the rulers came over to impose the very rule the toilers were seeking to avoid4 ,so successful were they in their purpose that in #aggf1 the toiling class 7who are always in the majority71 concluded that they needed no more ,european rule1 and in seven years of war1 the idle rulers were driven from ,america4 ,in forming the new government1 the people1 who had so courageously fought to drive out ,england's ,kingly rule1 commenced to look for formulas for a government4 ,they turned to ,england for precedents1 consequently a government was formed1 which in many respects resembled the ,english government4 ,especially was this resemblance noticeable in the ,supreme ,court1 for the ,judges hold office for life1 during good behavior4 ,right here let me observe that there is no good reason why the inferior courts should not have a life tenure of office1 if such a policy is correct for the ,supreme ,court1 and if it is better for inferior courts to hold office for short terms1 it is best that the ,supreme ,court be subject to the same policy4 ,it is ridiculous that our representatives should be made such by popular vote1 and the laws they make be construed by a set of judges whose office expires only when the spirit judge has a harp1 and the dust judge has a coffin4 ,popular vote retires the inferior judge1 a fashionable funeral retires the supreme judge1 but the robe is left as the imperial emblem4 ,it seems to me it is time to abolish the life tenure of office with our ,supreme ,court1 and it is entirely fitting that their robes be hung in the curio hall of some popular museum1 as a souvenir of a ridiculous custom no longer desirable in a popular government4 ,let me here drop a thought4 ,you may have it for what you think it is worth4 ,the expressed will of a majority of the people should be the ,supreme ,court decision in the ,united ,states4 ,were that the case an income tax would be constitutional1 and a tariff between the states and some territory owned and controlled by our government would be unconstitutional4 ,since the victory at ,yorktown1 great questions have been argued and settled by the laboring men and inventors2 great questions have been argued1 but not settled1 by the politicians4 ,washington used candles1 we use electric lights4 ,washington's four men picked the seed from twenty-five pounds of cotton per day2 four men in our generation1 gin #be1jjj pounds per day2 ,washington traveled with horses and oxen1 thirty miles per day2 we travel by steam #a1jjj miles per day2 ,washington sent a letter one hundred miles and waited a week for the answer2 we telegraph thousands of miles and get an answer within the hour2 ,washington's voice could be heard a quarter of a mile2 we talk and carry on conversation hundreds of miles4 ,each of these propositions1 and thousands of others have been settled by the inventors and toilers4 ,in short and in fine1 the difference between the ,united ,states with her natural resources of #abe years ago1 and the ,united ,states of today1 with her vast farms1 great mines1 magnificent cities and half a hundred thousand miles of railroad1 and other improvements too numerous to mention1 all this difference1 ,i say1 is co-extensive with ,america before and after taking the labor treatment4 ,but what can we say of the politician and his doings during these years1 stripped of all ambiguity1 when we tell the unpolished1 but plain truth1 we must say he never advanced one iota until he was routed from his old position by the toiling masses4 ,it is curious to note that every new social1 political1 and ethical idea hatches in the same mind and is developed by the same crowd that contrives the machinery and builds the cities1 railroads1 farms1 mines1 etc4 ,the politicians1 except where labor has compelled them to march forward1 stand where ,patrick ,henry and ,thomas ,jefferson put them when the ,constitution was adopted4 ,of course there were some steep places in our governmental structure1 and where labor has not buoyed up the politician1 he has occasionally slid back to the rules of ,king ,george the ,,iii4 ,as ,king ,george had one tax for ,england at home1 and another for the ,colonies1 so with us1 of late1 we have one tax for ourselves and another for our possessions4 7,we should1 however1 give the politician1 due credit for the way he spells colonies47 ,english style is to commence with a ,c4 ,our modern style necessitates commencing with a ,p4 ,then1 the pronunciation is different2 in ,england it is ,colonies1 in ,america1 ,possessions4 ,yet all over the world they mean the same1 to-wit1 the strong taxing the weak without allowing representation4 ,it is literally true that ,henry1 ,jefferson1 ,washington1 and the ,adams argued the slavery question4 ,as long as we retain the ,philippine ,islands1 that question still faces us1 for their advent to our possession brought slavery for us to foster1 and we are fostering it4 ,the money question was argued one hundred years ago1 and it is still up for argument4 ,politicians still are turning on both wings of the tariff4 ,republicans hold to the argument that the ,european manufacturers1 because of the low wages paid their workingmen1 would undersell our home manufacturers if free trade was adopted by the ,united ,states4 ,democrats contend that ,free ,trade will work to benefit #ii per cent of our people1 where1 as they claim1 protection benefits only #a per cent1 to the injury of the masses4 ,according to the ,chicago ,tribune of ,july #aith1 #aijb1 ,europe is afraid that1 unless a high tariff law protects it1 ,american manufactures will flood their markets1 thus hindering their home industry4 ,strange1 indeed1 that in ,america we should fear free trade with ,europe1 because they pay low wages1 and ,europe fears free trade with us1 because we pay higher wages4 ,another peculiar thing is shown in the ,tribune article1 when it mentions that there is not much fear that ,european nations will agree on a general tariff law1 because1 as it says1 ,austria might want to admit free the very articles that ,france1 ,germany or ,england might want to shut out4 ,wonder how much the tariff barons of the ,united ,states would pay the ,tribune editor for an article in favor of a high protective tariff that would say1 ,there is not much danger of a general tariff law continuing in the ,united ,states1 because ,texas or ,kansas might want to admit free the very things that ,massachusetts or ,connecticut might want a high tariff imposed on4 ,let us acknowledge the truth4 ,tariff laws are class legislation4 ,it is odd1 indeed1 that we should have such great regard for the interest of the foreigner on the money question1 and then so utterly ignore his interests on the tariff question4 ,if our hind sight were not better than our fore sight1 it would seem queer to hear politicians advocate the gold standard and a high tariff1 and with the same breath rage against the trusts1 when the trust is simply the fruit of these two laws4 ,it were as logical to send a highwayman1 train robber or an incendiary to ,congress to break up bank robbings and general stealing as to send an advocate of the gold standard and protective tariff to ,congress to break up the trusts4 ,the inventor and laborer are a congenial team and1 under their influence1 the world improves and enriches4 ,the politician and money power are another well mated team1 and under their rule they get the wealth that the other team produces4 ,the people elect the ,representatives2 the money power gets the legislation4 ,lincoln called the ,united ,states a government of the people1 for the people1 and by the people4 ,we have outgrown ,lincoln's time1 and there is a suspicion that we are a government of the ,trusts1 and for the ,trusts1 by the ,representatives4 ,i suggest that inasmuch as our ,representatives have become misrepresentatives for the masses1 and tools for the classes1 it would be wise to adopt pure ,democracy and make our laws by direct legislation4 ,then we will have a government of all the people1 by all the people1 and for all the people4--,if not this plan1 what next8