,?is ebook 0 transcrib$ by ,les ,b[l]4 ,,pascal ,,by ,,pr9cipal ,,tullo* ,,william ,,blackwood ,,& ,,sons ,,ed9burgh ,,& ,,london #ahgh4--,,repr9t1 #ahhb ,all ,rights res]v$ ,,prefatory ,,note4 ,! translations 9 ?is volume are *iefly my own2 b ,i h also tak5 expressions & s5t5ces freely f o!rs--& especially f ,dr ,m',crie1 9 8 translation ( ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s'--:5 !y seem$ to convey well ! s5se ( ! orig9al4 ,x w\ld be impossible to di/+ui% 9 all cases betwe5 :at is my own & :at ,i h borr[$4 ,! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s' h be5 translat$ at lea/ f\r times into ,engli%4 ,! translation ( ,dr ,m',crie1 publi%$ 9 #ahdf1 is ! mo/ spirit$4 ,! #8,p5ses' 7 translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,edw>d ,craig1 ,a4,m4 ,oxon41 9 #ahbe1 foll[+ ! ,fr5* edition ( #ahai1 :i* aga9 foll[$ t ( ,bossut 9 #aggi4 ,a new translation1 bo? ( ! #8,lett]s' & #8,p5ses1' by ,george ,pe>ce1 ,esq4--! latt] aft] ! re/or$ text ( ,m4 ,faugre--appe>$ 9 #ahdi & #ahej4 ,j4 ,t4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*ap4 ,,page ,,introduction #a ,i4 ,,pascal',s ,,family ,,& ,,y\? #e ,,ii4 ,,pascal',s ,,sci5tific ,,discov]ies #be ,,iii4 ,,pascal ,,9 ,,! ,,_w #eb ,,iv4 ,,port ,,royal ,,& ,,pascal',s ,,lat] ,,ye>s #gd ,v4 ,,! #8,,prov9cial ,,lett]s' #ajc ,,vi4 ,,! #8,,p5s,,es' #aeg ,,introduction4 ,!re are few names :i* h become m classical 9 mod]n lit]ature ?an t ( ,blaise ,pascal4 ,!re is h>dly any "n m fam\s at once 9 lit]ature1 sci5ce1 & religion4 ,cut (f at ! e>ly age ( ?irty-n9e--! fatal age ( g5ius--he _h long be=e atta9$ pre-em95t di/9ction z a geomet] & discov]] 9 physical sci5ce2 :ile ! rum\r ( 8 g5ius z ! au?or ( ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s1' & z "o ( ! *iefs ( a notable s*ool ( religi\s ?\ght1 _h spread f> & wide4 ,8 writ+s cont9ue to be /udi$ = ! p]fection ( _! /yle & ! vitality ( _! sub/ance4 ,z a writ]1 he belongs to no s*ool1 & is admir$ simply = 8 greatness by ,encyclop$i/ & ,romantici/1 by ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant alike1--by m5 l ,voltaire & ,condorcet & ,sa9te-,beuve1 no less ?an by m5 l ,bossuet1 ,v9et1 & ,ne&]4 ,8 #8,p5ses' h be5 c>efully re/or$1 & re-edit$ ) m9ute & lov+ fai?fulness 9 our "t by editors ( su* opposite ta/es & t5d5cies z ,m4 ,prosp] ,faugre1 ,m4 ,havet1 & ,m4 ,victor ,ro*et4 ,c\s9 consid]$ x "o ( ! glories ( 8 long intellectual c>e] t he _h fir/ l$ ! way to ! rem>kable re/oration ( ,pascal's rema9s4 ,( all ! illu/ri\s names :i* gr\p !mselves ar\nd ,port ,royal1 x is ,pascal alone1 & ,rac9e--:o 0 m its pupil1 b less its repres5tative--^: g5ius c be said to survive1 & to inve/ x ) an undy+ lu/re4 ,pascal's e>ly dea?1 ! res]ve ( 8 fri5ds "u ! assaults :i* ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s' provok$1 & 8 v fame1 z a writ]1 h s]v$ 9 "s degree to obscure 8 p]sonality4 ,to _m a mod]n read] he is little else ?an a great "n4 ,! man is hidd5 away beh9d ! au?or ( ! #8,p5ses1' or ! def5d] ( ,port ,royal4 ,"s might ev5 say t 8 writ+s are n[ m admir$ ?an /udi$4 ,!y h be5 s long ! subject ( eulogy t _! classical "* is tak5 = grant$1 & ! read] ( ! pres5t day is cont5t to look at !m f a respectful di/ance r ?an spontane\sly /udy !m = himself4 ,!re may be "s tru? 9 ?is view4 ,pascal is c]ta9ly1 l _m o!r great writ]s1 f> m widely kn[n ?an he is und]/ood or appreciat$4 ,! old1 :i* are /ill ! common1 editions ( ! #8,p5ses1' h also giv5 a c]ta9 commonplace to 8 reputation4 ,x 7 c]ta9ly a wor?y task to set him m cle>ly be=e our age bo? z a man & z a writ]4 ,x is no easy task1 h[ev]1 to d ?is2 & to tell ! full /ory ( ,pascal's life is no long] possible4 ,its records1 num]\s z !y are1 are incomplete2 all fail m or less at an int]e/+ po9t ( 8 c>e]4 ,!y leave mu* unexpla9$2 & ! mo/ famili> confid5ces ( 8 si/]s & niece1 :o h pres]v$ _m int]e/+ details reg>d+ him1 h n entirely remov$ ! veil f c]ta9 aspects ( 8 "*4 ,! well-kn[n life by ,madame ,pri]1 8 eld] si/]1 is ( c\rse ! *ief au!ntic s\rce ( 8 biography4 ,x 0 writt5 %ortly aft] 8 dea?1 al?\gh n publi%$ = "s "t lat]2 & no?+ c be m lively1 graphic1 & yet dignifi$1 ?an its portraiture ( 8 y\?ful precocity1 &1 aga91 ( ! devotions & au/]ities ( 8 lat] ye>s4 ,b x leaves _m gaps unsuppli$4 ,l o!r memoirs ( ! k9d1 x is writt5 f a some:at conv5tional po9t ( view4 ,no "o1 z ,m4 ,havet says1 0 ne>] to him 9 all s5ses ( ! expression1 or c\ld h giv5 a m true & complete acc\nt ( all ! incid5ts 9 8 life2 b %e 0 n only 8 si/]1 b 8 en?usia/ic fri5d & admir]1 9 ^: eyes he 0 at once a g5ius & a sa9t--a man ( ,god1 call$ to a great mission4 ,x 0 f a consci\sness ( ?is mission1 & ! full glory ( 8 religi\s fame1 t %e look$ back ^u all 8 life2 & ! l9es 9 :i* %e draws x are col\r$1 9 consequ5ce1 too gravely & monoton\sly4 ,c]ta9 p>ticul>s %e drops out ( sight altoge!r4 ,^! are to be f\nd scatt]$ "h & !re1 sometimes 9 8 own lett]s1 m frequ5tly 9 ! lett]s ( 8 y\ng] si/]1 ,jacquel9e1 & 9 a supplem5t>y memoir1 writt5 by 8 niece1 ,m>gu]ite ,pri]1 all ( :i* h be5 c>efully publi%$ 9 our "t1 & made accessible to any read]4 #c ,! rese>*es ( ,m4 ,c\s91 ,m4 ,faugre1 & ,m4 ,havet1 ! curi\s & int]e/+ monograph ( ,m4 ,llut1 #d;a h ?r[n light on v>i\s po9ts2 :ile ! copi\s portraiture ( ,sa9te-,beuve #d;b has giv5 to ! :ole an animation & a desultory *>m :i* no ,engli% p5 ne$ /rive to imitate4 ,my only hope1 z my aim1 w be 9 ?is little volume to set be=e ! ,engli% read] p]haps a m full & connect$ acc\nt ( ! life & writ+s ( ,pascal ?an has yet appe>$ 9 our language1 freely avail+ myself ( all ! s\rces ,i h indicat$4 ,& if long & lov+ famili>ity ) a subject--an intimacy (t5 r5ew$ bo? ) ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s' & ! #8,p5ses'--=m any qualification = su* a task1 ,i may be all[$ to possess x4 ,x is n[ ne>ly ?irty ye>s s9ce ! /udy ( ,ne&] fir/ drew me to ! /udy ( ,pascal2 & ,i v5tur$1 ) ! confid5ce ( y\?1 to draw f ! #8,p5ses1' :i* _h !n rec5tly appe>$ 9 ! new & admirable edition ( ,m4 ,faugre1 ! outl9es ( a ,*ri/ian ,philosophy4 #d;c ,i %all v5ture on no su* ambition )9 ! b\nds ( ?is volume2 b ,i tru/ ,i may be able to br+ toge!r ! /ory ( ,pascal's life1 controv]sy1 & ?\ght 9 su* a mann] z to lead o!rs to ! /udy ( a writ] truly great 9 ! imp]i%able gr&eur & elevation ( 8 ideas1 no less ?an 9 ! exquisite f9i% & graces ( 8 /yle4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,pascal',s ,,family ,,& ,,y\?4 ,blaise ,pascal 0 born at ,cl]mont-,f]r& on ! #ai? ,june #afbc4 ,he belong$ to an old ,auv]gne family1 ,l\is ,,xi4 hav+ ennobl$ "o ( its memb]s = adm9i/rative s]vices z e>ly z #adgh1 al?\gh no use 0 made ( ! title1 at lea/ 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! family *]i%$ ) m pride its anci5t connection ) ! legal or #8,p>liam5t>y' in/itutions ( _! c\ntry4 #e ,pascal's gr&fa!r1 ,m>t9 ,pascal1 0 treasur] ( ,france2 & 8 fa!r1 ti5ne1 aft] complet+ 8 legal /udies 9 ,p>is1 acquir$ ! position ( ,second ,presid5t ( ! ,c\rt ( ,aides at ,cl]mont4 ,9 ! ye> #afah he m>ri$ ,anto9ette ,begon1 :o became ! "m ( f\r *ildr51 ( :om ?ree surviv$ & became di/+ui%$4 ,madame ,pascal di$ 9 #afbf or #afbh2 #f;a & two ye>s aft]w>ds 79 #afcj7 ti5ne ,pascal ab&on$ 8 pr(essional duties1 & came to ,p>is1 9 ord] t he might devote himself to ! education ( 8 *ildr54 ,soon aft] ! ,pascal family settl$ 9 ,p>is1 _! "* & end[m5ts seem to h attract$ a widespread int]e/4 ,if n sup]ior to ! ,arnaulds1 !y 7 no less rem>kable4 ,!y did n escape ! p5etrat+ eye ( ,ri*elieu1 :o1 z he look$ ^u ! fa!r ) 8 son1 !n fifte5 ye>s ( age1 & 8 two daught]s1 0 s /ruck by _! beauty t he exclaim$1 )\t wait+ = _! =mal introduction to him1 t he w\ld l to make some?+ great ( !m4 #f;b ti5ne ,pascal 0 a man n only ( (ficial capacity1 b ( ke5 intellectual in/9cts & aspirations4 ,he %>$ eag]ly 9 ! sci5tific en?usiasm ( 8 "t4 ,a lett] by him address$ to ! ,jesuit ,nol %[s t ! ve9 ( satire1 half pleasant1 half sev]e1 :i* rea*$ su* p]fection 9 ! fam\s #8,lett]s' ( 8 son1 0 n unkn[n to ! fa!r4 ,! c>eful & sy/ematic education :i* he gave to 8 son w\ld alone h /amp$ him z a man ( rem>kable intellig5ce4 ,gilb]te1 ,pascal's eld] si/] & biograph]1 ex]t$ an influ5ce ^u 8 "* only second to t ( 8 fa!r4 ,%e m>ri$ h] c\s91 ,m4 ,pri]1 also ( a ,p>liam5t>y family1 & ,c\nsellor ( ! ,c\rt ( ,aides at ,cl]mont4 ,%e 0 alike beautiful & accompli%$1 a /ud5t ( ma!matics1 philosophy1 & hi/ory4 #g ,= a "t %e %>$ 9 ! enjoym5ts ( ! _w1 l o!r p]sons ( h] age & condition2 b ! same impulses ( religi\s en?usiasm :i* animat$ ! re/ ( h] family l$ to h] practical ab&onm5t ( ! _w :ile /ill "y4 ,! memoirs :i* %e compos$1 bo? ( h] bro!r & si/]1 & h] lett]s1 all indicate a high intellig5ce & a m+l$ dignity1 sweetness1 & re/ra9t ( "*1 :i* made h] _! be/ c\nsellor & fri5d4 ,! y\ng] si/]1 ,jacquel9e1 has be5 made a special /udy by ,m4 ,c\s9 among/ ! #8,illu/ri\s ,wom5 ( ! ,sev5te5? ,c5tury4' ,%e 0 beautiful z h] si/]1 & a *ild ( g5ius l h] bro!r4 ,%e began to compose v]ses at ! age ( eight1 & 9 h] elev5? ye> assi/$ 9 ! composition & ! act+ ( a com$y 9 five acts1 :i* 0 a subject ( univ]sal talk 9 ,p>is4 ,h] p[]s1 bo? z an actor & a v]se-mak]1 made a wond]ful reputation at ! "t1 :i*1 z we %all see1 0 highly s]viceable to h] aft]4 ,h] v]ses1 x mu/ be confess$1 are some:at artificial & holl[2 b h] lett]s1 &1 m rem>kable ?an ei!r h] v]ses or h] lett]s1 h] #8,?\ghts' on ! #8,my/]y ( ! ,dea? ( ,*ri/1' are 9 "s respects v f9e1 & might ev5 claim a place beside "s ( ^? ( h] bro!r4 ,!y are equally elevat$ 9 tone1 & p]vad$ by ! same subtle1 p5etrat+1 radiant my/icism1 ! same rapture ( self-sacrific+ aspiration1 ?\gh lack+ ! gl[ ( inw>d fire & exquisite *>m ( /yle :i* m>k$ ! au?or ( ! #8,p5ses4' ,noble-m9d$ & full ( g5ius1 %e 0 yet )\t 8 dep? & p[] ( feel+1 or 8 skill & f9i% z an au?or4 ,9 #afdf %e came1 along ) h] bro!r1 & greatly ?r\gh 8 influ5ce1 /rongly "u ! p[] ( religion2 & 9 #afeb1 aft] h] fa!r's dea?1 %e r5\nc$ ! _w1 & became "o ( ! ,si/]s ( ,port ,royal4 ,%e di$ amid/ ! p]secution ( ! ,si/]s 9 #affa1 a ye> be=e h] bro!r4 ,9 ,p>is ! eld] ,pascal became a c5tre ( m5 ( cong5ial intellectual ta/es ) himself1 & 8 h\se a sort ( r5dezv\s = ! ma!maticians & ! physici/s ( ! "t4 ,among !m 7 ,desc>tes1 ,gass5di1 ,m]s5ne1 ,rob]val1 ,c>cavi1 & ,le ,pailleur2 & f ! frequ5t reunion ( ^! m5 is said to h sprung ! ,academy ( ,sci5ces f\nd$ 9 #afff4 ,x is int]e/+ to notice t x 0 into ?is same society t ,hobbes 0 introduc$ on 8 fir/ & second visits to ,france1 :5 he accompani$ ! future ,duke ( ,devon%ire !re z tutor4 ,) ,fa!r ,m]s5ne & ,gass5di especially he =m$ a w>m fri5d%ip1 :i* %$s an int]e/ ov] 8 life4 ,possibly 9 "s ( ^! reunions ! au?or ( ! #8,levia?an' may h enc\nt]$ ! "y ,pascal1 & jo9$ 9 ! half admiration & half incr$ulity :i* 8 wond]ful p[]s _h begun to excite4 ,!re nev] c]ta9ly 0 a m s+ul> /ory ( y\?ful precocity ?an t :i* ,madame ,pri] has giv5 ( h] bro!r1 accu/om$ z we h become to su* /ories 9 ! lives ( em95t m54 ,detect+ ! rem>kable p[]s ( ! boy1 8 fa!r _h =m$ v def9ite resolutions z to 8 education4 ,8 *ief maxim1 ,madame ,pri] says1 0 always 8to keep ! boy above 8 "w40 ,& = ?is reason he did n wi% him to le>n ,lat9 till he 0 twelve ye>s ( age1 :5 he might easily acquire x4 ,9 ! meantime1 he s\ght to give him a g5]al idea ( gramm>--( its rules1 & ! exceptions to :i* ^! rules are liable--& s to fit him to take up ! /udy ( any language ) intellig5ce & facility4 ,he endeav\r$ fur!r to direct 8 son's att5tion to ! m m>k$ ph5om5a ( nature1 & su* explanations z he c\ld give ( !m4 ,b "h ! son's p]ception out/ripp$ ! fa!r's p[] ( explanation4 ,he wi%$ 8to "k ! reason ( ev]y?+20 & :5 8 fa!r's /atem5ts did n appe> to him to give ! reason1 he 0 f> f satisfi$4 8,= he _h always an admirable p]spicacity 9 disc]n+ :at 0 false2 & x may be said t 9 ev]y?+ & always tru? 0 ! sole object ( 8 m9d4 ,f 8 *ildhood he c\ld only yield to :at seem$ to him evid5tly true2 & :5 o!rs spoke ( good reasons1 he tri$ to f9d !m = himself4 ,he nev] quitt$ a subject until he _h f\nd "s explanation :i* satisfi$ him40 ,once1 among o!r occasions1 he 0 s int]e/$ 9 ! fact t ! s\nd emitt$ by a plate ly+ on a table :5 /ruck1 sudd5ly ceas$ on ! plate be+ t\*$ by ! h&1 t he made an inquiry into s\nd 9 g5]al1 & drew s _m conclusions t he embodi$ !m 9 a 8well-reason$0 treatise4 ,at ?is "t he 0 only twelve ye>s ( age4 ,at ! same age he gave /ill m a/oni%+ evid5ce ( 8 precoci\s sci5tific capacities4 ,8 fa!r1 p]ceiv+ 8 /rong sci5tific b5t1 & desir\s t he %\ld fir/ ( all acqua9t himself ) languages be=e ! absorption ( ! sev]]1 b m engross+1 /udy seiz$ him1 _h )drawn f 8 sight all ma!matical books1 & c>efully avoid$ ! subject 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 son :5 8 fri5ds 7 pres5t4 ,?is1 z might be expect$1 only quick5$ ! curiosity ( ! boy1 :o frequ5tly begg$ 8 fa!r to tea* him ma!matics1 & ! fa!r promis$ to d s z a rew>d :5 he knew ,lat9 & ,greek1 :i* he 0 !n le>n+4 ,piqu$ by ?is resi/ance1 ! boy ask$ "o day1 8,:at ma!matical sci5ce 01 & ( :at x treat$80 ,he 0 told t its aim 0 to make figures correctly1 & to f9d _! "r relations or proportions to "o ano!r4 ,he began1 says 8 si/]1 to m$itate dur+ 8 play-h\rs on ! in=mation ?us communicat$ to him4 8,& be+ alone 9 a room :]e he 0 accu/om$ to amuse himself1 he took a piece ( *>coal & drew figures ^u ! bo>ds1 try+1 = example1 to make a circle p]fectly r\nd1 a triangle ( :i* ! sides & angles 7 equal1 & simil> figures4 ,he succe$$ 9 8 task1 & !n endeav\r$ to det]m9e ! proportion ( ! figures1 al?\gh s c>eful _h 8 fa!r be5 9 hid+ f him all k ( ! k9d1 t he did n ev5 "k ! names ( ! figures4 ,he made names = himself1 !n def9itions1 !n axioms1 & f9ally demon/rations2 & 9 ?is way _h pu%$ 8 rese>*es z f> z ! ?irty-second proposition ( ! fir/ book ( ,euclid40 #aj ,at ?is po9t a #8surprise' visit ( 8 fa!r arre/$ him 9 8 task1 al?\gh s absorb$ 0 he 9 x1 t he did n at fir/ recognise 8 fa!r's pres5ce4 ,! old] ,pascal1 hav+ satisfi$ himself ( ! a/oni%+ a*ievem5t :i* ! y\?ful ma!matician _h work$ out = himself 9 solitude1 ran ) te>s ( joy to communicate ! fact to 8 fri5d ,m4 le ,pailleur4 ,x 0 agre$ betwixt !m t su* an aptitude = sci5ce %\ld no long] be balk$1 & ! lad 0 furni%$ ) ! means ( pursu+ 8 ma!matical /udies4 ,be=e he _h complet$ 8 sixte5? ye> he _h writt5 ! fam\s treatise on ,conic ,sections :i* excit$ ! 8m+l$ incr$ulity & a/oni%m5t0 ( ,desc>tes4 #aa ,! happ9ess ( ,pascal's home 0 sudd5ly int]rupt$ by an un=ese5 calamity4 ,on com+ to ,p>is1 8 fa!r _h inve/$ 8 sav+s 9 bonds ^u ! ,hotel de ,ville4 ,! ,gov]nm5t1 impov]i%$ by w>s & extravagance1 r$uc$ ! value ( ^! rev5ues1 ) ! result ( creat+ discont5t & call+ =? expo/ulation f ! disappo9t$ annuitants4 ,"s ( !m met toge!r1 &1 among o!rs1 ti5ne ,pascal1 & gave su* v5t to _! feel+s z to al>m ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,ri*elieu took summ>y means ( ass]t+ 8 au?ority & sil5c+ ! di/urb]s4 ,! meet+ 0 d5\nc$ z s$iti\s1 & a w>rant issu$ to arre/ ! (f5d]s & ?r[ !m into ! ,ba/ille4 ti5ne ,pascal1 hav+ become appris$ ( ! ho/ile designs ( ! ,c>d9al1 contriv$ to conceal himself at fir/ 9 ,p>is1 & aft]w>ds took refuge 9 ! solitude ( 8 native di/rict4 ,8 *ildr5 7 left )\t 8 c>e1 & plung$ 9 ! greate/ sorr[4 ,at int]vals1 inde$1 he contriv$ to see !m 9 secret1 & is said ev5 to h nurs$ ,jacquel9e ?r\gh a sev]e attack ( ! smallpox1 :i* impair$ h] hi!rto rem>kable beauty4 ,b all ! pleasant companion%ip :i* he _h enjoy$ z _! in/ructor1 & ! c5tre ( a gr\p ( intellectual fri5ds1 0 at an end4 ,he c\ld only visit 8 home by /eal?4 ,at ?is crisis 7,febru>y #afci7 ,ri*elieu took a fancy to h ,scudry's tragi-com$y ( 8,l',am\r ,tyrannique0 act$ be=e him by "y girls4 ,! ,c\rt lady :o und]took ! managem5t ( ! piece appeal$ to ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 ^: accompli%m5ts z a girl-actor 7 well kn[n1 to assi/ 9 its p]=mance4 ,%e 0 !n ?irte5 ye>s ( age4 ,! eld] si/]1 :o1 9 ! en=c$ abs5ce ( ! fa!r1 0 act+ z ! head ( ! family1 repli$1 ) feel+1 t 8!y did n owe any fav\r to ,m4 le ,c>d9al1 :o _h n act$ k9dly t[>ds !m40 ,! reque/1 h[ev]1 0 press$1 9 ! hope t "s good might come out ( ! affair to ! family1 & ,jacquel9e 0 all[$ to appe>4 ,! result 0 all t c\ld be anticipat$4 ,! ,c>d9al1 *>m$ by ! grace & accompli%m5t ( h] act+1 receiv$ h] cordially :5 %e v5tur$ to approa* him ) a petition on behalf ( h] fa!r1 ?r[n into a =m ( v]ses simil> to _m :i* %e _h already compos$4 ,! v]ses h be5 pres]v$ ) h] o!r pieces1 & h be5 ?us r5d]$3--#ab 8,o m>vel n1 ,arm&1 ! great1 ! wise1 ,if ,i h fail$ to please ?9e e>1 ?9e eyes2 ,my sorr[+ _s1 torn by c\ntless fe>s1 ,ea* s\nd =bidde? save ! voice ( te>s4 ,) p[] to please !e w\ld/ ?\ me inspire8-- ,recall f exile n[ my hapless sire40 ,%e has h]self describ$1 9 an int]e/+ lett] to h] fa!r1 #ac ! :ole incid5t1 & ! result ( h] int]cession4 ,hav+ told h[ ! ,c>d9al _h be5 previ\sly well prep>$1 & _h ! true /ate ( ! case expla9$ 9 ref]5ce to h] fa!r1 :o appe>s to h be5 9 no degree to blame 9 ! agitation :i* call$ =? ! displeasure ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 %e says t-- 8,m4 le ,c>d9al appe>$ to take great pleasure 9 ! repres5tation1 especially :5 ,i spoke4 ,he laugh$ v mu*1 z did ! :ole company4 ,:5 ! com$y 0 f9i%$1 ,i desc5d$ f ! !atre ) ! design ( speak+ to ,madame d',aiguillon ! same lady :o _h already int]e/$ h]self 9 ! bus9ess4 ,b z ! ,c>d9al seem$ ab\t to leave1 ,i approa*$ him directly1 & recit$ to him ! v]ses ,i s5d y4 ,he receiv$ !m ) extraord9>y affection & c>esses m ?an y c imag9e2 = at fir/1 :5 ,i approa*$1 he cri$1 #8,voil la petite ,pascal6' ,!n he embrac$ me & kiss$ me1 & :ile ,i said my v]ses he cont9u$ to hold me 9 8 arms1 & kiss$ me ea* mom5t ) great satisfaction4 ,& !n :5 ,i 0 done he said1 #8,yes2 ,i grant to y all t y ask2 write to y\r fa!r t he may return ) safety4' ,!reupon ,madame d',aiguillon approa*$1 & address$ ! ,c>d9al4 #8,x is truly well1 sir1 t y d some?+ = ?is man4 ,i h he>d him spok5 ( z a ?or\ghly hone/ & le>n$ man1 & x is a pity he %\ld rema9 unemploy$4 ,!n he has a son :o is v le>n$ 9 ma!matics1 al?\gh z yet only fifte5 ye>s ( age4' ,! ,c>d9al assur$ me once m t ,i might tell y to return 9 all safety2 & z he seem$ 9 su* good hum\r1 ,i ask$ him fur!r t y might be all[$ y\rself to pay y\r ?anks & respects to 8 ,em95ce4 ,he said y w\ld be welcome2 & !n1 ) o!r disc\rse1 repeat$1 #8,tell y\r fa!r1 :5 he returns1 to come & see me4' ,?is he said ?ree or f\r times4 ,aft] ?is1 z ,madame d',aiguillon 0 go+ away1 my si/] w5t =w>d to salute h]4 ,%e receiv$ h] ) _m c>esses1 & inquir$ = our bro!r1 :om %e said %e wi%$ to see4 ,x 0 ?is t l$ to 8 introduction to ! ,du*ess1 :o paid him _m complim5ts on 8 sci5tific atta9m5ts4 ,we 7 !n conduct$ to a room1 :]e we _h a magnific5t collation ( dri$ sweetmeats1 fruits1 lemonade1 & su* ?+s4 ,"h ! ,du*ess r5ew$ h] c>esses 9 a mann] y w h>dly believe4 ,9 %ort1 ,i _c tell h[ mu* hon\r ,i receiv$1 = ,i am oblig$ to write z succ9ctly z possible4 ,i am greatly oblig$ to ,m4 de ,m\droy = all ! tr\ble he has tak51 & ,i beg y w be s good z write to him by ! fir/ po/ to ?ank him1 = he well des]ves x4 ,z = me1 ,i e/eem myself extremely happy to h 9 any way assi/$ 9 a result :i* mu/ give y satisfaction40 ,?is lett] 0 writt5 f ,p>is on ! #d? ,april #afci1 :5 ,jacquel9e ,pascal 0 !re=e only f\rte5 ye>s ( age4 ,x is 9 all respects a rem>kable & int]e/+ production1 bo? = ! glimpse x gives ( ! great ,c>d9al 9 8 h\rs ( ease1 & its revelation ( ,jacquel9e's own "*1--h] dramatic clev]ness1 h] firmness & wisdom 9 assail+ ! ,c>d9al ) h] prep>$ v]ses at ! "r mom5t1 h] self-consci\s importance z ! *ief actor ( su* a sc5e1 & all ! same1 h] girli% enjoym5t ( ! sweetmeats provid$ = h]4 ,x is a pleasant en\gh picture2 & x des]ves especially to be notic$ h[ prom95tly ! sci5tific reputation ( h] bro!r1 only two ye>s old] ?an h]self1 is already recognis$4 ,! sequel 0 all t c\ld h be5 desir$4 ,! fa!r ha/5$1 at ! summons ( 8 daught]1 to pay 8 respects to ,ri*elieu1 :o gave him a welcome reception4 8,i "k all y\r m]it10 he said4 8,i re/ore y to y\r *ildr51 & comm5d !m to y4 ,i desire to d some?+ consid]able = y40 ,)9 two ye>s ti5ne ,pascal 01 9 consequ5ce1 appo9t$ ,int5dant ( ,r\51 :]e he settl$ ) 8 family 9 #afda4 ,di/urbances _h aris5 9 ,norm&y at ?is "t 9 connection ) ! paym5t ( taxes1 & ! ,gov]nm5t1 believ+ t ! ,p>liam5t at ,r\5 _h n act$ ) suffici5t vig\r1 took ! matt] into _! own h&s1 & s5t _! (fic]s to collect ! rev5ues ( ! prov9ce4 #ae ti5ne ,pascal's "* & previ\s lab\rs 9 ?is capacity1 no less ?an 8 re/oration to ! ,c>d9al's fav\r1 po9t$ him out z a man specially fitt$ = ?is "w1 :i* 9 ! circum/ances 0 n unatt5d$ ) dang]4 ,! "w 9 itself 0 also h>ass+ & tr\blesome2 & ! y\?ful ,pascal1 anxi\s to assi/ 8 fa!r1 _h busi$ himself 9 ! inv5tion ( a ma*9e = p]=m+ ari?metical calculations1 :i* made a great s5sation at ! "t4 ,+5i\s z ! ma*9e 01 x came to little1 z we %all see 9 ! next *apt]1 :i* w be devot$ to a brief acc\nt ( ,pascal's sci5tific discov]ies4 ,9 ! meantime x w be bett] to conf9e ourselves to ! ?read ( 8 p]sonal hi/ory up to ! important epo* :i* is kn[n z 8 fir/ conv]sion4 ,settl$ at ,r\51 he pursu$ 8 /udies ) unremitt+ devotion1 & ) only too little reg>d = 8 heal?4 ,8 eld] si/]1 :o might h won him occasionally to light] pursuits1 0 m>ri$ to h] c\s9 ,m4 ,pri] 9 #afda1 & two ye>s aft]w>ds w5t ) him to ,cl]mont1 :]e h] husb& 0 appo9t$ a ,c\nsellor 9 ! ,c\rt ( ,aides4 ,jacquel9e 0 absorb$ 9 h] own poetical /udies1 :i* receiv$ a special impetus f ! fri5d%ip ( ,corneille1 :o _h return$ at ?is "t to 8 native t[n4 ,! illu/ri\s dramati/ spe$ily s\ght out ! ,pascal family1 & became "o ( _! mo/ intimate associates4 ,a prize be+ giv5 e ye> = ! be/ copy ( v]ses on ! 8,conception ( ! ,virg910 x 0 aw>d$ to c]ta9 v]ses ( ,jacquel9e's = ! ye> #afdj4 ,:5 ! ann\ncem5t ( ! result 0 made %e 0 abs5t1 b a fri5d ( ! family rose & return$ ?anks 9 v]se 9 ! "n ( ! y\?ful poetess--,p\r une jeune muse abs5te4 ,! fri5d 0 ,corneille1 ^: impromptu l9es on ! occasion1 along ) ^? ( ,jacquel9e1 are /ill pres]v$4 #af ,nei!r h mu* poetic m]it1 b !y recall an int]e/+ incid5t4 ,a bright atmosph]e ( intellectual emulation & *e]ful prospects surr\nds ! family at ?is "t4 ,b all ! :ile x is evid5t1 f ,madame ,pri]'s acc\nt1 t h] bro!r 0 injur+ 8 heal? greatly 9 8 undue assiduity 9 8 sci5tific pursuits4 ,! attempts to p]fect ! con/ruction ( 8 ari?metical ma*9e seem especially to h worn out 8 delicate frame1 & to h laid ! f\ndation ( ! n]v\s pro/ration f :i* he m or less suff]$ all 8 life aft]w>ds4 8,f ! age ( eighte510 %e says 9 a significant passage t h] bro!r 8h>dly ev] pass$ a day )\t pa94 ,9 ! int]missions ( 8 suff]+s1 h[ev]1 8 _s 0 su* t he 0 con/antly b5t on "s new discov]y40 #ag ,9 ! beg9n+ ( #afdf an accid5t happ5$ :i* _h important consequ5ces bo? to ,pascal & 8 si/]s4 ti5ne ,pascal fell ^u ! ice & sev]ely spra9$ 8 foot4 ,dur+ 8 conf9em5t he 0 att5d$ by two bro!rs :o _h acquir$ repute 9 ! treatm5t ( su* injuries4 ,!y 7 g5tlem5 ( family 9 ! neighb\rhood1 :o _h devot$ !mselves to m$ic9e & anatomy f b5evol5t in/9cts & ! love ( ^! /udies4 ,bo? 7 disciples ( a cl]gyman at ,r\ville1 :o 0 an en?usia/ic pieti/ & fri5d ( ,/ ,cyran4 ,cr[ds flock$ to he> ,pa/or ,guilleb]t :5ev] he prea*$1 & _m 7 /irr$ by 8 eloqu5ce to devote !mselves to pi\s & philan?ropical lab\rs4 ,"o ( ! bro!rs "u ?is inspir+ guidance built a hospital at ! end ( 8 p>k1 & gave 8 *ildr5 to ! s]vice ( ! ,*ur* 9 v>i\s capacities4 ,! o!r bro!r1 :o _h no *ildr51 provid$ b$s 9 ! hospital & att5d$ ! sick poor4 ,! "* & conv]sation ( ^! m5 made a deep impression ^u ! ,pascal family4 ,hi!rto e/eem$ pi\s1 !y _h n yet made religion an anxi\s conc]n 9 _! lives4 ,madame ,pri] says expressly ( h] bro!r t he _h be5 8pres]v$ by ! special protection ( ,god f all y\?ful vices1 &1 :at 0 /ill m rem>kable 9 ! case ( a m9d ( su* /r5g? & pride1 he _h nev] yield$ to any lib]t9ism ( ?\ght1 b _h always limit$ 8 curiosity to natural inquiries40 ,he attribut$1 accord+ to h] /atem5t1 ?is religi\s sobriety ( m9d to ! in/ructions & example ( 8 fa!r1 :o _h a great respect = religion1 & :o _h impress$ ^u him f 8 infancy ! maxim1 8t :atev] is ! object ( fai? _c be ! object ( reason1 & /ill less ! subject ( x40 ,he _h se51 9 8 fa!r1 ! comb9ation ( sci5tific atta9m5t ) a /rong reason+ p[]1 & ! maxim !re=e fell ) weight f 8 lips4 ,& s1 :5 he li/5$ to ! disc\rses ( free-?9k]s1 "y z he 0-- 8,he rema9$ unmov$ by !m1 & simply look$ ^u !m z m5 :o _h adopt$ ! false pr9ciple t ! human reason is above ev]y?+1 & :o "k no?+ ( ! real nature ( fai?2 s t ?is _s1 s great & inquisitive1 :i* se>*$ s c>efully = ! reason ( ev]y?+1 0 at ! same "t submissive z a *ild to all ! tru?s ( religion1 & ?is submissive simplicity pr$om9at$ 9 him ?r\gh 8 :ole life40 #ah ,?is is a significant extract 9 m ways ?an "o4 ,9 ! meantime we quote x z indicat+ ! religi\s atmosph]e ( ,pascal's home1 & ! pi\s temp] :i* m>k$ him f ! fir/4 ,b z yet religion _h n tak5 hold ( him ) an absorb+ en?usiasm4 ,x _h its place 9 8 ?\ghts1 & ?is a deeply respectful place2 b n[1 ab\t 8 tw5ty-?ird ye>1 9 communication ) ! two fri5ds we h m5tion$1 & "u ! same influ5ce :i* _h mov$ !m s deeply1 x began to lay hold ( him m p[]fully4 ,he & 8 fa!r & si/]s read eag]ly ! books ( ,/ ,cyran1 & ( ,jans51 ! ,bi%op ( ,ypres1 ^: "n became s conspicu\s 9 connection ) ,port ,royal4 ,a disc\rse by ! latt] on 8,! ,re=mation ( ! ,inw>d ,man10 & also ,arnauld's 8,manual on ,frequ5t ,communion10 are suppos$ to h specially impress$ him4 ,9 ! language ( 8 si/]-- 8,provid5ce l$ him to ! /udy ( su* pi\s writ+s :ile he 0 n yet tw5ty-f\r ye>s ( age2 & ,god s enlight5$ him by ?is c\rse ( read+1 t he came to realise t ! ,*ri/ian religion obliges u to live only = ,god1 & to h no o!r object besides ,him4 ,s cle> & necess>y appe>$ ?is tru? to him1 t he gave up = a "t all 8 rese>*es1 r5\nc$ all o!r k1 & appli$ himself alone to ! #8"o ?+ ne$ful' spok5 ( by our ,"l40 ,?is ev5t is spok5 ( by ,pascal's biograph]s z 8 8fir/ conv]sion10 & x appe>s to h be5 att5d$ n only ) a zeal\s consecration ( 8 own p[]s to ! s]vice ( religion1 b moreov]1 z (t5 happ5s 9 ! case ( y\?ful en?usiasm1 ) a w>m det]m9ation aga9/ all :o seem$ to him to be act+ at v>iance ) ! true fai?4 8,al?\gh10 z 8 si/] says1 8he _h made no special /udy ( s*ola/ic !ology1 he 0 n ignorant ( ! judgm5ts ( ! ,*ur* aga9/ ! h]esies inv5t$ by human subtlety4 ,all indications ( h]etical op9ion excit$ 8 indignation1 & ,god gave him at ?is "t an opportunity ( te/ify+ 8 zeal on behalf ( religion40 ,%e !n adds 9 illu/ration ! foll[+ /ory3-- 8,!re 0 at ,r\5 at ?is "t a man :o taught a new philosophy :i* attract$ ! curi\s4 ,my bro!r1 press$ by two ( 8 "y fri5ds1 accompani$ !m to he> ?is man2 b !y 7 greatly surpris$ :5 !y f\nd1 9 conv]sation ) him1 t he drew consequ5ces f 8 philosophy at v>iance ) ! decisions ( ! ,*ur*4 ,he s\ght to prove by 8 argum5ts t ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 n =m$ ( ! blood ( ! ,holy ,virg91 b ( "s o!r matt] specially creat$1 & sev]al o!r l subjects4 ,!y po9t$ out to him 8 error1 b he rema9$ firm 9 8 op9ions4 ,!reupon1 tak+ into consid]ation h[ dang]\s x 0 to leave ! in/ruction ( y\? 9 ! h&s ( a man ) su* errone\s op9ions1 !y resolv$1 aft] previ\sly in=m+ him ( _! int5tion1 to d5\nce him if he cont9u$ 9 8 errors4 ,s x happ5$2 = he despis$ _! advice1 & 9 su* a mann]1 z to leave !m no alt]native b to d5\nce him to ,m4 du ,bellay1 #bj :o 0 !n dis*>g+ episcopal functions 9 ! diocese ( ,r\5 = ! ,ar*bi%op4 ,m4 du ,bellay s5t = ! man1 & hav+ int]rogat$ him1 0 deceiv$ by an equivocal confession ( fai? :i* he wrote & subscrib$4 ,o!rwise he made little acc\nt ( ! affair z report$ by ! ?ree "y m54 ,h[ev]1 :5 !y saw ! confession ( fai?1 !y at once recognis$ its defects1 & ent]$ into communication ) ! ,ar*bi%op himself1 :o1 hav+ exam9$ into ! matt]1 saw its gravity1 & s5t 9 writ+ a special ord] to ,m4 du ,bellay to make ! man retract all ! po9ts ( :i* he 0 accus$1 & to receive no?+ f him except by communication ( 8 accus]s4 ,! ord] 0 c>ri$ out1 & ! result 0 t he appe>$ 9 ! c\ncil ( ! ,ar*bi%op & r5\nc$ all 8 errors--x may be said s9c]ely1 = he nev] %[$ any ang] t[>ds ^? :o _h engag$ 9 ! affair1 s z to lead "o to suppose t he _h be5 himself deceiv$ by ! false conclusions :i* he _h drawn f false pr9ciples4 ,x 0 made pla9 t 8 accus]s _h no design ( injur+ him1 b only ( undeceiv+ him1 & s prev5t+ him f s$uc+ ! "y1 :o 7 incapable ( di/+ui%+ ! true f ! false 9 su* subtle que/ions40 ,?is /ory reflects some:at d\btfully on ,pascal's fairness & good s5se1 ev5 z told by ,madame ,pri]4 ,b x has n be5 left 9 ! vagu5ess 9 :i* x /&s 9 h] n>rative4 ,m4 ,c\s9 publi%$ = ! fir/ "t full details reg>d+ x 9 ! volume by :i* he may be said to h initiat$ ! new rese>*es into ! life & writ+s ( ,pascal4 ,^! details1 :i* fill m ?an =ty pages ( app5dix to ,m4 ,c\s9's volume1 #ba are no long] ( any int]e/ 9 !mselves2 b !y enable u to und]/& m cle>ly ! conduct ( ,pascal & 8 two fri5ds4 ,unhappily !y deep5 r ?an light5 ! %ade :i* ! /ory ?r[s ^u ,pascal's intemp]ate zeal4 ,! "n ( ! accus$ tea*] 0 ,jacques ,=ton1 a ,capuc9 monk1 kn[n z ! ,pre ,/ ,ange4 ,he taught no new philosophy2 b he _h communicat$ to ,pascal or 8 fri5ds1 9 private conv]sation specially desir$ by !m1 c]ta9 !ological op9ions :i* he _h esp\s$4 ,^!1 z giv5 9 ! /atem5t ( ! case sign$ by ,pascal & 8 two fri5ds1 ma9ly conc]n su* ab/ruse subjects z ! relation ( reason & fai?1 & ! possibility ( demon/rat+ ! doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity z ! s\rce ( all o!r k4 ,! curi\s "q z to ! con/itution ( ! body ( ,jesus occupies only a subord9ate place4 ,! monk1 z %[n 9 ! :ole proce$+s1 0 evid5tly m ( a speculative dream] ?an a h]etic--a man fond ( disputation ab\t matt]s beyond 8 compreh5sion4 ,x is m5tion$ by ! ?ree y\?ful zealots1 9 ! rcit be>+ _! signature1 t z !y 7 ab\t to "p ) him1 8aft] ! accu/om$ civilities10 he 0 c>eful to let !m "k t he advanc$ ! po9ts 9 dispute1 n z dogmas1 b m]ely z propositions or ?\ghts = discussion1 ! fruit ( 8 own reason+s4 ,!re is no reason to d\bt t ,pascal's conduct on ?is occasion arose entirely f hone/ zeal4 ,he ?\ght religion compromis$ by ! /range reason+s :i* he _h he>d4 ,!re is z little d\bt1 h[ev]1 t 8 zeal outran 8 discretion4 ,he %[$ a det]m9ation to pursue ! matt] am\nt+ to p]secution4 ,! wor?y prie/ _h evid5tly no int5tion ( promulgat+ h]esy2 = he is glad1 :5 call$ ^u1 ( an opportunity ( prov+ 8 or?odoxy4 ,) ?is view he produc$1 side by side ) ! articles ( accusation1 passages f a =m] volume ( 8 :i* _h be5 pr9t$ ) (ficial sanction4 ,pascal /ill demurr$1 ev5 ) ?is evid5ce be=e him4 ,a second decl>ation 0 obta9$ f ! prie/1 & ! bi%op refus$ to g fur!r4 ,! sympa?ies ( ! community 7 evid5tly aga9/ ! y\?ful zealots2 & f9ally ,pascal's fa!r1 conv9c$ t en\gh _h be5 done to v9dicate ! tru?1 successfully int]pos$ z m$iator4 #bc;a ,pascal's heal? ab\t ?is p]iod appe>s to h und]gone a *ange = ! worse4 ,he suff]$ f excessive heada*e & great int]nal heat & pa94 ,a s+ul> *>act]i/ic ( 8 malady 0 8 inability to swall[ wat] unless x 0 heat$1 & ev5 !n only drop by drop4 ,he 0 ! subject1 also1 ( a rem>kable p>alytic seizure ?us describ$ by 8 niece3-- 8,he fell10 %e says1 8into a v extraord9>y /ate1 z ! result ( 8 great application to 8 sci5tific /udies2 = ! s5ses 7les esprits7 hav+ m\nt$ /rongly to ! bra91 he became 9 a mann] p>alys$ f ! wai/ d[nw>ds4 ,8 legs & feet grew cold z m>ble2 & !y 7 oblig$ e day to put on socks soak$ 9 br&y 9 ord] to try & re/ore heat 9 8 feet4 ,at ! same "t ! physician int]dict$ him f all /udy40 #bc;b ,m4 ,llut #bc;c expla9s at l5g? ?is attack ( ,pascal's z a well-kn[n =m ( dynamical p>alysis1 ( a simil> nature ) hypo*ondria & hy/]ia1 proce$+ f a disord]$ /ate ( ! n]v\s affections1 ! result ( ov]work act+ ^u a delicate organisation4 ,! result is tempor>y1 z di/+ui%$ f ! p>alysis aris+ f organic lesion1 b indicates a highly susceptible con/itution1 ! ready prey ( melan*oly & imag9ative exagg]ation1 to :i*1 9 ,m4 ,llut's op9ion1 ,pascal 0 m or less liable dur+ ! rema9+ ye>s ( 8 life4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,pascal',s ,,sci5tific ,,discov]ies4 ,pascal's sci5tific /udies may be said to h begun ) ! rem>kable incid5t ( 8 y\? already relat$1 :5 he elaborat$ = himself1 9 a solit>y *amb] )\t books1 ?irty-two propositions ( ! fir/ book ( ,euclid4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ^! /udies may be said to h ext5d$ to 8 clos+ ye>s1 :5 79 #afeh & #afei7 he rev]t$ to ! ab/rus] ma!matics1 & made ! cycloid a subject ( special ?\ght4 ,b 8 sci5tific lab\rs 7 9 ! ma9 conc5trat$ 9 ! eight or t5 ye>s ( 8 life :i* foll[$ ! removal ( ! family to ,r\54 ,x w be conv5i5t1 !re=e1 to notice ^! lab\rs & discov]ies 9 a s+le *apt] "h1 :i* w1 at ! same "t1 c>ry on ! ma9 hi/ory ( 8 life dur+ ^! ye>s4 ,all t c be expect$ f ! pres5t writ] is a slight sket* ( ?is "p ( ! subject1 :i* inde$ is all t w\ld be int]e/+ to ! g5]al read]4 ,at ! age ( sixte5 ,pascal _h already acquir$ a sci5tific reputation4 ,he is spok5 ( by ! ,du*ess d',aiguillon1 9 ! int]view ) ,ri*elieu 9 :i* %e plead$ ! cause ( ! exil$ fa!r1 z 8v le>n$ 9 ma!matics20 & :5 8 si/] pres5t$ him aft] ! dramatic repres5tation on t occasion1 ! ,du*ess gave him 8great comm5dation = 8 sci5tific atta9m5ts40 #bf;a ,:5 all[$ by 8 fa!r to pursue ! natural b5t ( 8 g5ius1 he made extraord9>y progress4 ,he 0 /ill only twelve ye>s ( age1 b ,euclid's ,elem5ts1 z soon z put into 8 h&s1 7 ma/]$ by him )\t any explanation4 ,by-&-by he began to take an active "p 9 ! sci5tific discussions :i* took place at 8 fa!r's h\se2 & 8 a*ievem5t 9 ,conic ,sections has be5 already n>rat$4 ,desc>tes's incr$ulity 0 n )\t reason2 b !re is no room to d\bt ! fact4 ,! little treatise1 #8,p\r les ,coniques1' /ill survives4 ,x be>s ! date ( #afdj1 & occupies only six pages4 #bf;b ,aft] a v cle> /atem5t ( 8 subject1 ! writ] mode/ly concludes3-- 8,we h sev]al o!r problems & !orems1 & sev]al consequ5ces d$ucible f ! prec$+2 b ! mi/ru/ :i* ,i h ( my slight exp]i5ce & capacity does n p]mit me to advance m till my pres5t ef=t has pass$ ! exam9ation ( able m5 :o may oblige me by look+ at x4 ,aft]w>ds1 if !y ?9k x has suffici5t m]it to be cont9u$1 we %all endeav\r to pu% our /udies z f> z ,god w give ! p[] to conduct !m40 ,x is int]e/+ to notice ! beg9n+ ( relations betwixt ,desc>tes & ,pascal1 consid]+ ! jeal\sy t aft]w>ds arose betwixt !m4 ,!re is some?+ ( ?is feel+ f ! fir/ 9 ! old] philosoph]1 :o 0 n[ 9 ! =ty-f\r? ye> ( 8 age1 & 9 ! full z5i? ( 8 great reputation4 ,he appe>s to h be5 greatly fasc9at$ by ,pascal's peculi> p[]s2 b ! m5 7 ( too m>k$ individuality ( "*1 & too div]g5t 9 intellectual sympa?y & p]sonal aspiration1 to appreciate ea* o!r fully4 ,pascal's next a*ievem5t 0 ! inv5tion ( an ari?metical ma*9e1 *iefly prompt$ by a desire to assi/ 8 fa!r 9 8 (ficial duties at ,r\54 ,he has giv5 u no description ( ?is ma*9e f 8 own p54 ,9 ! 8,avis0 address$ to all ^: curiosity 0 excit$ by x1 he excuses himself f ?is task by ! natural rem>k t su* a description w\ld be useless )\t ent]+ into a numb] ( te*nical details un9telligible to ! g5]al read]2 & t an actual inspection ( x1 comb9$ ) a brief viv voce explanation1 w\ld be f> m satisfactory ?an any l5g!n$ acc\nt 9 writ+4 ,!re is an elaborate description1 h[ev]1 ( ! ma*9e1 by ,did]ot1 9 ! fir/ volume ( ! #8,encyclopdie1' :i* is repr9t$ 9 ! collection ( ,pascal's sci5tific works4 ,pascal's ma9 difficulties occurr$1 n 9 connection ) ! inv5tion itself1 :i* he seems to h v soon p]fect$ accord+ to 8 own conception1 b ) ! con/ruction ( ! in/rum5t aft] he _h m5tally work$ x out 9 all its details4 ,^! difficulties prov$ s great1 & s _m imp]fect specim5s ( ! in/rum5t 7 made1 t1 9 ord] to secure bo? 8 reputation & 8 int]e/1 he acquir$ 9 #afdi a special 8privilge du ,roi10 :i* conf9$ ! manufacture ( ! ma*9e to himself1 & su* workm5 z he %\ld employ & sanction4 ,all o!rs1 8( :atev] quality & condition10 7 prohibit$ f 8mak+ x1 or caus+ x to be made1 or sell+ x40 ,b nei!r ^! precautions nor ! m]its ( ! inv5tion itself1 :i* 7 admitt$ by all compet5t judges1 7 ( avail to make ! in/rum5t a practical success4 ,_m m5 ( ma!matical & me*anical g5ius 9 diff]5t c\ntries h appli$ !mselves to ! same task4 ,! celebrat$ ,leibnitz is said to h con/ruct$ a ma*9e excell+ ,pascal's 9 +5uity & p[]4 ,9 our own "t1 ,mr ,babbage's wond]ful a*ievem5t 9 ! same direction attract$ wide att5tion1 & has be5 lavi%ly eulogis$ by ,sir ,david ,brew/] & o!rs3-- 8,:ile all previ\s contrivances10 says ,sir ,david1 #bh;a 8p]=m$ only p>ticul> ari?metical op]ations1 "u a sort ( cop>tn]y betwe5 ! man & ! ma*9e1 ! extraord9>y inv5tion ( ,mr ,babbage actually sub/itutes me*anism 9 ! place ( man4 ,a problem is giv5 to ! ma*9e1 & x solves x by comput+ a long s]ies ( numb]s foll[+ "s giv5 law4 ,9 ?is mann] x calculates a/ronomical1 log>i?mic1 & navigation tables1 z well z tables ( ! p[]s & products ( numb]s4 ,x c integrate1 too1 innum]able equations ( f9ite diff]5ces2 &1 9 addition to ^! functions1 x does its "w *eaply & quickly2 x corrects :atev] errors are accid5tally committ$1 & x pr9ts all its calculations40 ,not)/&+ ?is brilliant picture1 ! great exp5se & ! complications involv$ 9 ! con/ruction ( su* an in/rum5t h s]i\sly int]f]$ ) its success4 ,x is said t ,mr ,babbage's ma*9e1 mu* m 8 m>vell\s analytic eng9e1 h nev] yet be5 prop]ly con/ruct$4 #bh;b ,pascal =tunately turn$ 8 ?\ghts into a new & m fruitful *annel4 ,we h n[ to contemplate him z "o ( an illu/ri\s b& associat$ 9 a great discov]y 9 physical sci5ce4 ,be=e 8 "t consid]able progress _h be5 made t[>ds a k ( atmosph]ic pressure4 ,galileo & 8 pupil ,torricelli _h bo? be5 busy ) ! subject4 ,to ,pascal1 h[ev]1 rema9s ! glory ( c>ry+ successfully to a conclusion ! sugge/ion ( ,torricelli1 & ( v]ify+ ! results :i* he _h indicat$4 ,"h1 z 9 almo/ all su* discov]ies1 x is f\nd t diff]5t m9ds h be5 actively pursu+ ! same or simil> l9es ( ?\ght & obs]vation1 & controv]sy has aris5 z to ! exact m]its ( ea*2 b ,pascal has himself s c&idly expla9$ #bi;a h[ f> he 0 indebt$ to 8 great ,italian pr$ecessors1 & h[ f> he made orig9al exp]im5ts ( 8 own1 t bo? 8 relation to !m & 8 own "w /& cle>ly app>5t4 ,x _h be5 f\nd by ! eng9e]s engag$ 9 ! con/ruction ( f\nta9s = ,cosmo dei ,m$ici 9 ,flor5ce t !y c\ld n raise wat] 9 an ord9>y pump m ?an ?irty-two feet above ! res]voir4 ,! wat]1 hav+ rea*$ ?is height1 w\ld rise no high]4 ,galileo 0 appeal$ to = a solution ( ! difficulty4 #bi;b ,imbu$ ) ! anci5t notion t ,nature abhors a vacuum1 & t ?is 01 z !n preval5tly believ$1 ! explanation ( ! wat] foll[+ ! elevation ( ! pi/on 9 ! pump1 ! philosoph] repli$ 9 effect t !re 7 limits to ! action ( ?is pr9ciple1 & t ,nature's abhorr5ce ( a vacuum did n ext5d beyond ?irty-two feet4 ,he 0 himself1 x ne$ h>dly be said1 dissatisfi$ ) su* a reply1 & accord+ly he invit$ 8 pupil1 ,torricelli1 to inve/igate ! subject4 ,! latt] v soon f\nd t ! weight ( ! wat] 0 conc]n$ 9 ! result4 ,he made exp]im5ts ) a heavi] fluid--m]cury--& asc]ta9$ t a column ( m]cury enclos$ 9 a tube ?ree feet 9 l5g? h]metically seal$ at ! l[] end1 & clos$ ) ! f+] at ! top1 on be+ ins]t$ 9 a bas9 ( ! same liquid & ! f+] )drawn1 /ood at a height ( ab\t #bh in*es 9 ! bas94 ,z ! specific gravities ( wat] & m]cury 7 9 ! ratio ( #cb feet & #bh in*es1 he 0 l$ to ! conclusion t ! wat] 9 ! pump & ! m]cury 9 ! tube at ^! respective heights ex]t$ ! same pressure on ! same base1 & t bo? 7 ( c\rse c\nt]balanc$ by a det]m9ate =ce4 ,b :at 0 ?is =ce8 ,he _h le>n$ f ,galileo t ! air 0 a heavy fluid1 & he 0 c>ri$1 !re=e1 directly to ! fur!r conclusion t ! weight ( ! atmosph]e 0 ! c\nt]act+ cause 9 bo? cases2 9 ! "o1 press+ ^u ! res]voir f :i* ! wat] 0 drawn--& 9 ! o!r1 on ! surr\nd+ m]cury 9 ! bas94 ,he publi%$ 8 exp]im5ts & rese>*es 9 #afde1 b dy+ soon aft]w>ds1 8 conclusions rema9$ unv]ifi$4 ,! fame ( ,torricelli's exp]im5ts _h rea*$ ,p>is z e>ly z #afdd1 be=e _! =mal publication4 ,"s "o1 ,pascal says1 _h communicat$ !m to ,fa!r ,m]s5ne--bo? a religi\s & sci5tific intimate1 z we h already se51 ( ! ,pascal family4 ,m]s5ne _h tri$ ! exp]im5ts = himself1 at fir/ )\t success1 b soon ) bett] =tune1 aft] he _h be5 to ,rome & _h le>n$ m fully ab\t !m4 8,! news ( ^! hav+ rea*$ ,r\5 9 #afdf1 :]e ,i !n 010 says ,pascal1 #ca 8,i made ! ,italian exp]im5t1 f\nd+ on ,m]s5ne's acc\nt1 ) great success4 ,i repeat$ x sev]al times1 & 9 ?is mann] satisfy+ myself ( its accuracy1 ,i drew c]ta9 conclusions f x1 = ! pro( ( :i* ,i made new & v diff]5t exp]im5ts 9 pres5ce ( f\r or five hundr$ p ( all sorts1 & among/ o!rs1 five or six ,jesuit fa!rs ( ! ,college ( ,r\540 ,:5 8 exp]im5ts became kn[n 9 ,p>is1 he adds1 !y 7 conf\nd$ ) ^? :i* _h be5 made 9 ,italy1 & ! result 0 t "s attribut$ to him a cr$it :i* 0 n 8 due1 :ile o!rs1 8by a contr>y inju/ice10 7 dispos$ to take away ! cr$it ( :at he _h really done4 ,x 0 ) ! view ( plac+ ! matt] 9 a cle> light1 & v9dicat+ 8 own %>e 9 ! tra9 ( exp]im5ts :i* _h be5 made1 t he publi%$ 9 #afdg 8 8,n\velles ,expri5ces t\*ant le ,vide10 ! fir/ ( 8 hydro/atical treatises4 ,he 0 at pa9s to expla9 ! di/9ction betwixt 8 own exp]im5ts & ^? :i* _h be5 made 9 ,italy2 & n cont5t ) ?is1 he add$ 9 express words1 9 an 8avis au lecteur10 t he 80 n ! inv5tor ( ! orig9al exp]im5t1 b t x _h be5 made 9 ,italy f\r ye>s be=e40 ,s little1 inde$1 did ,pascal borr[ directly f ,torricelli1 or seek to appropriate ! fruits ( 8 rese>*es1 t he 0 z yet ignorant ( ! explanation :i* ! ,italian _h sugge/$ ( ! ph5om5on s fully e/abli%$4 ,he saw1 ( c\rse1 t ! old maxim ( ,nature abhorr+ a vacuum _h no solid f\ndation2 b he tri$ to acc\nt = ! vacuum above ! wat] & ! m]cury by su* a supposition z ! foll[+3-- 8,t x conta9$ no portion ( ei!r ( ^! fluids1 or ( any matt] appreciable by ! s5ses2 t all bodies h a repugnance to sep>ate f a /ate ( cont9uity1 & admit a vacuum betwe5 !m2 t ?is repugnance is n great] = a l>ge vacuum ?an a small "o2 t its measure is a column ( wat] ab\t #cb feet 9 height1 & t beyond ?is limit a great or small vacuum is =m$ above ! wat] ) ! same facility1 provid$ t no =eign ob/acle int]f]e to prev5t x40 ,pascal's treatise1 :ile /ill reta9+ s mu* ( ! old traditional physics1 0 made an object ( lively attack by ! ,jesuit ,rector ( ! ,college ( ,p>is1 ,/eph5 ,nol4 ,pascal repli$ to him at fir/ directly2 & !n 9 answ] to a second attack--& s f> also 9 answ] to a treatise by ! ,jesuit1 entitl$ 8,le ,ple9 du ,vide10 publi%$ 9 #afdh--;he made a m elaborate /atem5t 9 a lett] address$ to ,m4 le ,pailleur1 & 9 a fur!r lett] address$ to ,fa!r ,nol 9 ! same ye>4 ,!re c h>dly be any d\bt t ?is 0 ! comm5cem5t ( ,pascal's ho/ile relations ) ! ,jesuits4 ,on _! "p1 !y fail$ n to rememb] 9 aft] ye>s1 & 9 a m s]i\s /ruggle1 t he 0 an old enemy2 :il/ he on 8 "p probably drew some?+ ( ! contemptu\s scorn :i* he p\r$ ^u !m f ! recollection ( _! ob/9ate ignorance 9 matt]s ( sci5ce4 ,mean:ile1 9 def5d+ himself f ! attacks ( ignorance1 ,pascal did n fail to op5 8 own m9d to full] sci5tific light4 ,z soon z ! explanation ( ,torricelli 0 communicat$ to him1 he accept$ x )\t hesitation1 & resolv$ to c>ry out a fur!r s]ies ( exp]im5ts ) ! view ( v]ify+ ?is explanation1 & ( bani%+ = ev] ! s*ola/ic nons5se ( ,nature's abhorr5ce ( a vacuum4 ,if ! weight ( ! air 0 really ! cause :i* su/a9$ ! height ( ! m]cury 9 ! ,torricellian tube1 he saw at once t ?is height w\ld v>y at diff]5t elevations1 accord+ to ! v>y+ degree ( atmosph]ic pressure at ^! elevations4 ,he proce$$ accord+ly to te/ ! result2 b ! high] levels ar\nd ,r\5 7 too insignificant to enable him to draw any decisive inf]5ce4 ,accord+ly1 he communicat$ ) 8 bro!r-9-law 9 ,auv]gne ) ! view ( hav+ an adequate exp]im5t made dur+ an asc5t ( ! ,puy de ,dme1 :i* rises 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,cl]mont to a height ( ab\t #cjjj feet4 ,! /ate ( 8 own heal? prev5t$ him f conduct+ ! exp]im5t p]sonally1 & ,m4 ,pri] 0 deta9$ by pr(essional avocations f und]tak+ x imm$iately4 ,b at l5g?1 9 ,septemb] #afdh1 ! exp]im5t 0 c>ri$ out successfully1 & ! results communicat$ to ,pascal4 ,i _c d bett] ?an quote ! acc\nt ( ?is important ev5t z r5d]$ by an em95t sci5tific au?ority1 #cc f ,m4 ,pri]'s own recital ( ! facts 9 8 lett] to ,pascal3-- 8,on ! morn+ ( ,saturday1 ! #ai? ,septemb]1 ! day fix$ = ! int]e/+ obs]vation1 ! wea!r 0 unsettl$2 b ab\t five o'clock ! summit ( ! ,puy de ,dme began to appe> ?r\gh ! cl\ds1 & ,pri] resolv$ to proce$ ) ! exp]im5t4 ,! lead+ *>act]s 9 ,cl]mont1 :e!r ecclesia/ics or laym51 _h tak5 a deep int]e/ 9 ! subject1 & _h reque/$ ,pri] to give !m notice ( 8 plans4 ,he accord+ly summon$ 8 fri5ds1 & at eight 9 ! morn+ !re assembl$ 9 ! g>d5 ( ! ,pres ,m9imes1 ab\t a league bel[ ! t[n1 ,m4 ,banni]1 ( ! ,pres ,m9imes2 ,m4 ,mosni]1 canon ( ! ca!dral *ur*2 along ) ,,mm4 la ,ville & ,begon1 c\nsellors ( ! ,c\rt ( ,aides1 & ,m4 la ,porte1 doctor & pr(essor ( m$ic9e 9 ,cl]mont4 ,^! five individuals 7 n only di/+ui%$ 9 _! respective pr(essions1 b also by _! sci5tific acquirem5ts2 & ,m4 ,pri] expresses 8 delight at hav+ be5 on ?is occasion associat$ ) !m4 ,m4 ,pri] began ! exp]im5t by p\r+ into a vessel #af lb4 ( quicksilv]1 :i* he _h rectifi$ dur+ ! ?ree prec$+ days4 ,he !n took two glass tubes1 f\r feet long1 ( ! same bore1 & h]metically seal$ at "o end & op5 at ! o!r2 & mak+ ! ord9>y exp]im5t ( a vacuum ) bo?1 he f\nd t ! m]cury /ood 9 ea* ( !m at ! same level & at ! height ( #bf in*es #c l9es4 ,?is exp]im5t 0 repeat$ twice1 ) ! same result4 ,"o ( ^! glass tubes1 ) ! m]cury /&+ 9 x1 0 left "u ! c>e ( ,m4 ,*a/91 "o ( ! ,religi\s ( ! ,h\se1 :o und]took to obs]ve & m>k any *anges 9 x t might take place dur+ ! day2 & ! p>ty already nam$ set out ) ! o!r tube = ! summit ( ! ,puy de ,dme1 ab\t #ejj toises 7a toise is ab\t six feet 9 l5g?7 above _! fir/ /ation4 ,be=e arriv+ !re1 !y f\nd t ! m]cury /ood at ! height ( #bc in*es & #b l9es--no less ?an #c in*es & #a l9e l[] ?an x /ood at ! ,m9imes4 ,! p>ty 7 #8/ruck ) admiration & a/oni%m5t at ?is result2' & #8s great 0 _! surprise t !y resolv$ to repeat ! exp]im5t "u v>i\s =ms4' ,! glass tube1 or ! b>omet]1 z we may call x1 0 plac$ 9 v>i\s positions on ! summit ( #8! m\nta9'--sometimes 9 ! small *apel :i* is !re2 sometimes 9 an expos$ & sometimes 9 a %elt]$ position2 sometimes :5 ! w9d blew1 & sometimes :5 x 0 calm2 sometimes 9 ra91 & sometimes 9 a fog3 & "u all ^! v>i\s influ5ces1 :i* =tunately took place dur+ ! same day1 ! quicksilv] /ood at ! same height ( #bc in*es #b l9es4 ,dur+ _! desc5t ( ! m\nta9 !y repeat$ ! exp]im5t at ,lafon-de-l',arbre1 an int]m$iate /ation1 ne>] ! ,m9imes ?an ! summit ( ! ,puy1 #8& !y f\nd ! m]cury to /& at ! height ( #be in*es--a result ) :i* ! p>ty 0 greatly pleas$1' z indicat+ ! relation betwe5 ! height ( ! m]cury & ! height ( ! /ation4 ,^u rea*+ ! ,m9imes1 !y f\nd t ! m]cury _h n *ang$ its height1 not)/&+ ! incon/ancy ( ! wea!r1 :i* _h be5 alt]nately cle>1 w9dy1 ra9y1 & foggy4 ,m4 ,pri] repeat$ ! exp]im5ts ) bo? ! glass tubes1 & f\nd ! height ( ! m]cury to be /ill #bf in*es #c l9es4 ,on ! foll[+ morn+ ,m4 de la ,m>c1 prie/ ( ! ,oratory1 to :om ,m4 ,pri] _h m5tion$ ! prec$+ results1 propos$ to h ! exp]im5t repeat$ at ! top & bottom ( ! t[]s ( ,notre ,dame 9 ,cl]mont4 ,he accord+ly yield$ to 8 reque/1 & f\nd ! diff]5ce to be #b l9es4 ,^u comp>+ ^! obs]vations1 ,m4 ,pri] obta9$ ! foll[+ results1 %[+ ! *anges 9 ! altitude ( ! m]curial column correspond+ to c]ta9 diff]5ces ( altitude ( position3-- ,diff]5ce ( altitude4 ,*anges 9 ! height ( ! m]cury4 ,toises4 ,l9es4 #ejj #cg #aej #ae #bg #b #g ,:5 ,pascal receiv$ ^! results1 all ! difficulties 7 remov$2 & p]ceiv+ f ! two la/ obs]vations 9 ! prec$+ table t #bj toises1 or ab\t #abj feet1 produce a *ange ( #b l9es1 & #g toises1 or #db feet1 a *ange ( a l9e1 he made ! obs]vation at ! top & bottom ( ! t[] ( ,/ ,jacques de la ,b\*]ie1 :i* 0 ab\t #bd or #be toises1 or ab\t #aej feet high1 & he f\nd a diff]5ce ( m ?an #b l9es 9 ! m]curial column2 & 9 a private h\se #ij /eps high he f\nd a diff]5ce ( a l9e4 4 4 4 ,aft] ?is important exp]im5t 0 made1 ,pascal intimat$ to ,m4 ,pri] t diff]5t /ates ( ! wea!r w\ld occasion diff]5ces 9 ! b>omet]1 accord+ z x 0 cold1 hot1 dry1 or moi/2 & 9 ord] to put ?is op9ion to ! te/ ( exp]im5t1 ,m4 ,pri] in/itut$ a s]ies ( obs]vations1 :i* he cont9u$ f ! beg9n+ ( #afdi till ,m>* #afea4 ,correspond+ obs]vations 7 made at ! same "t at ,p>is & at ,/ockholm by ! ,fr5* ambassador1 ,m4 ,*anut1 & ,desc>tes2 & f ^! x appe>$ t ! m]cury rises 9 wea!r :i* is cold1 cl\dy1 & damp1 & falls :5 ! wea!r is hot & dry1 & dur+ ra9 & sn[1 b /ill ) su* irregul>ities t no g5]al rule c\ld be e/abli%$4 ,at ,cl]mont ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! highe/ & ! l[e/ /ate ( ! m]cury 0 #a in* #c l9es2 at ,p>is ! same2 & at ,/ockholm #b in*es #b l9es40 ,f ! acc\nt "h pres5t$ ( ^! rese>*es1 !re is no difficulty 9 det]m9+ ! exact cr$it due to ,pascal on ! "o h&1 & 8 ,italian pr$ecessors on ! o!r4 ,he complet$ :at !y _h begun1 & v]ifi$ :at !y _h indicat$4 ,z ! ,abb ,bossut has express$ x1 ,galileo prov$ t air 0 a heavy fluid2 ,torricelli conceiv$ t its weight 0 ! cause ( ! susp5sion ( ! wat] 9 a pump & ! m]cury 9 a tube4 ,pascal demon/rat$ t ?is 0 ! fact4 ,no "o 0 m anxi\s ?an ,pascal himself t ,torricelli %\ld be ackn[l$g$ z ! real discov]] ( ! pr9ciple :i* x 0 left to him to e/abli% by ! te/ ( exp]im5t4 ,he claim$1 h[ev]1 8 own def9ite %>e 9 ! discov]y1 bo? z hav+ c>ri$ on a s]ies ( indep5d5t exp]im5ts1 & z hav+ conv]t$ :at he himself calls ! 8conjecture0 ( ,torricelli into an e/abli%$ fact4 ,x 0 pa9ful to him1 !re=e1 to h ?is %>e d5i$1 & ev5 op5 accusations made aga9/ him t he _h appropriat$1 )\t ackn[l$gm5t1 ! results ( ,torricelli's rese>*es4 ,?is accusation 0 made 9 c]ta9 !ses ( philosophy ma9ta9$ 9 ! ,jesuit ,college ( ,montf]r& 9 #afea1 & d$icat$ to ,pascal's own fri5d1 ,m4 de ,ribeyre1 fir/ presid5t at ! ,c\rt ( ,aides at ,cl]mont4 ,pascal's "n 0 n inde$ m5tion$ 9 ^! !ses2 b !re c\ld be no d\bt ( ! allusion made to 8c]ta9 p]sons lov+ novelty0 :o claim$ to be ! inv5tors ( a def9ite exp]im5t ( :i* ,torricelli 0 ! real au?or4 ,x 0 ?is accusation :i* drew f ,pascal 8 lett] to ,m4 ,ribeyre1 be>+ ! date ( #ab? ,july ( ! same ye>1 9 :i* he has describ$1 ) admirable lucidity & temp]1 8 relations to ! :ole subject4 ,9 ?is lett] he di/9ctly says t ! ,italian exp]im5ts 7 kn[n 9 ,france f ! ye> #afdd2 t !y 7 repeat$ 9 ,france by sev]al p]sons 9 sev]al places dur+ #afdf2 t he himself _h made1 z we h already se51 def9ite exp]im5ts 9 #afdg1 & publi%$ ! results 9 ! same ye>2 & t he _h !n n m5tion$ ! "n ( ,torricelli1 because1 :ile he knew t ! exp]im5ts 7 made 9 ,italy f\r ye>s be=e1 he did n !n "k t ! exp]im5t] 0 ,torricelli2 b t s soon z he le>n$ ?is fact--:i* he & 8 fri5ds 7 s eag] to "k1 t !y s5t a special lett] ( inquiry to ,rome--he 0 8ravi%$ ) ! idea t ! exp]im5t] 0 s illu/ri\s a g5ius1 ^: ma!matical writ+s1 already well kn[n1 surpass$ ^? ( all antiquity40 ,he says1 9 conclusion1 t x 0 only 9 ! same ye> 7#afdg71 aft] ! publication ( 8 own rese>*es1 t he le>n$ 8! v f9e ?\ght0 ( ,torricelli conc]n+ ! cause ( all ! effects :i* _h be5 attribut$ to ! horror ( a vacuum4 ,b 8z ?is 0 only a conjecture z yet unv]ifi$10 he !n1 ) ! view ( asc]ta9+ ! tru? or falsehood ( x1 conceiv$ ! plan ( ! exp]im5ts c>ri$ out by ,m4 ,pri] at ! top & ! foot ( ! ,puy de ,dme4 8,x is true1 sir10 he adds1 8& ,i say x boldly1 t ?is s]ies ( exp]im5ts 0 my own inv5tion2 & !re=e ,i may say t ! new k ?us acquir$ is entirely due to me40 ,to ?is lett] ,m4 ,ribeyre made a satisfactory & t\*+ reply4 ,he expresses disapproval ( ! allusion ( ! ,jesuit fa!r1 b z ! disc\rse 0 o!rwise free f (f5ce1 he 0 will+ to attribute x to a 8p>donable emulation among savants10 r ?an to any int5tion ( assail+ ,pascal4 ,he makes1 9 %ort1 ! be/ excuse he c = ! ,jesuit1 & ha/5s to assure ,pascal t 8 reputation ne$$ no ju/ification3-- 8,y\r c&\r & y\r s9c]ity are too well kn[n to admit any belief t y c\ld d any?+ inconsi/5t ) ! virtu\s pr(ession app>5t 9 all y\r actions & mann]4 ,i hon\r & rev]e y\r virtue m ?an y\r sci5ce2 & z 9 bo? ! "o & ! o!r y equal ! mo/ fam\s ( ! age1 d n ?9k x /range if1 add+ to ! common e/eem :i* all h ( y1 a fri5d%ip contract$ _m ye>s ago ) y\r fa!r1 ,i subscribe myself y\rs10 etc4 ,b ,pascal _h to su/a9 suspicion & attack 9 a qu>t] m =midable ?an t ( ! ,jesuit fa!rs at ,montf]r&4 ,we h already spok5 ( ! r unhappy comm5cem5t ( relations betwe5 him & ,desc>tes4 ,f>!r on we get a m pleasant glimpse ( ^! relations1 9 a lett] f ,jacquel9e ,pascal to ,madame ,pri]1 dat$ #be? ,septemb] #afdg1 & app>5tly %ortly aft] ,pascal _h retir$ to ,p>is1 along ) 8 y\ng] si/]1 leav+ _! fa!r = "s "t /ill at ,r\54 ,?is lett] is s int]e/+1 bo? 9 its be>+ on ! "q :i* arose betwe5 ,desc>tes & ,pascal1 & 9 itself1 z giv+ ! only acc\nt we h ( p]sonal int]c\rse betwe5 ^! two illu/ri\s m51 t we pres5t x almo/ entire3-- 8,i h delay$ writ+ to y10 ,jacquel9e says1 address+ h] si/]1 #ci;a 8because ,i wi%$ to tell to y at l5g? ( ! int]view ( ,m4 ,desc>tes & my bro!r1 & ,i _h no leisure ye/]day to say t on ! ev5+ ( ,sunday la/ ,m4 ,hab]t #ci;b came1 accompani$ by ,m4 de ,montigny1 a g5tleman ( ,brittany1 ) ! view ( lett+ me "k1 9 ! abs5ce ( my bro!r1 :o 0 at *ur*1 t ,m4 ,desc>tes1 8 compatriot & good fri5d1 _h express$ a /rong desire to see my bro!r1 = ! sake ( ! great e/eem 9 :i* bo? he & my fa!r 7 ev]y:]e held1 & t he begg$ to be all[$ to wait ^u him next day at n9e o'clock 9 ! morn+1 if ?is w\ld n inconv5i5ce him1 :om he knew to be an invalid4 ,:5 ,m4 de ,montigny propos$ ?is1 ,i felt h9d]$ f giv+ a def9ite answ]1 because ,i knew t my bro!r 0 reluctant to =ce himself to conv]sation1 especially 9 ! morn+4 ,nev]!less1 ,i did n ?9k x "r to refuse1 s we arrang$ t he %\ld come at half-pa/ t5 next day4 ,along ) ,m4 ,hab]t & ,m4 de ,montigny !re 7 also a "y man 9 ! dress ( a prie/1 :om ,i did n "k1 ,m4 de ,montigny's son1 & two or ?ree o!r "y p4 ,m4 de ,rob]val1 :om my bro!r _h in=m$ ( ! int5d$ visit1 0 also pres5t4 ,aft] "s civilities1 talk fell ^u ! in/rum5t probably t :i* ,pascal _h us$ 9 ! exp]im5ts1 :i* 0 v mu* admir$1 :ile ,m4 de ,rob]val %[$ x4 ,!n !y spoke ( ! idea ( a vacuum2 & ,m4 ,desc>tes1 on he>+ ( ! exp]im5ts1 & be+ ask$ :at he ?\ght 0 )9 ! tube 7dans la s]+ue71 said ) great s]i\sness t x 0 "s subtle matt]1 to :i* my bro!r repli$ :at he c\ld4 ,m4 ,rob]val1 believ+ t my bro!r _h difficulty 9 speak+1 took up ! reply to ,m4 ,desc>tes ) "s heat1 yet ) p]fect civility4 ,m4 ,desc>tes answ]$ ) "s h>%ness t he w\ld talk to my bro!r z mu* z he wi%$1 because he spoke ) reason1 b n to any "o :o spoke ) prejudice4 ,!reupon1 f9d+ f 8 wat* x 0 mid-day1 he rose1 be+ engag$ to d9e at ! ,faub\rg ,sa9t ,g]ma94 ,m4 ,rob]val also rose1 9 su* a way t ,m4 ,desc>tes conduct$ him to a c>riage1 :]e ! two 7 alone1 & battl$ at "o ano!r m /rongly ?an playfully1 z ,m4 ,rob]val1 :o return$ "h aft] d9n]1 told u4 4 4 4 ,i h =gott5 to tell y t ,m4 ,desc>tes1 annoy$ at see+ s little ( my bro!r1 promis$ to return next day at eight o'clock4 4 4 4 ,he desir$ ?is1 p>tly to consult reg>d+ my bro!r's illness1 z to :i*1 h[ev]1 he did n communicate any?+ ( importance1 only he c\nsell$ him to rema9 9 b$ e day z long z he c\ld till he 0 tir$1 & to take pl5ty ( s\p4 ,!y spoke ( _m o!r ?+s1 = he 0 "h till elev5 o'clock1 b ,i _c tell y m p>ticul>ly :at !y said1 z ,i 0 n pres5t on ?is occasion4 ,we 7 prev5t$ dur+ ! :ole day f mak+ him take 8 e>ly ba?4 ,he _h f\nd x give him a little heada*e1 b t 0 because he _h tak5 x too late2 & ,i believe ! ble$+ at ! foot on ,sunday _h done him good1 = on ,monday he conv]s$ freely & /rongly all day--9 ! morn+ ) ,m4 ,desc>tes1 & aft] d9n] ) ,m4 de ,rob]val1 ) :om he argu$ = a long "t on _m ?+s1 bo? belong+ to !ology & physics1 & yet he took no fur!r h>m ?an p]spir+ mu*1 & slept r s\nd dur+ ! night40 ,! revelations ( ?is lett] are v curi\s4 ,! respectful desire ( ,desc>tes1 already s di/+ui%$1 to make ,pascal's acqua9tance1 & to ent] into conv]sation ) him2 8 res5tm5t ( ,rob]val's int]f]5ce1 & _! e>ne/ alt]cation1 prolong$ 9 ! c>riage aft] leav+ ,pascal's h\se2 ! evid5tly s]i\s "* ( ,pascal's maladies1 & ! wat*ful att5tion ( 8 si/]4 ,x is cle> ?r\gh all t ,desc>tes _h be5 busily occupi$ ) ! same physical problems z ,pascal1 & t he 0 some:at jeal\s ( ! results t[>ds :i* ,pascal & 8 fri5ds 7 t5d+4 ,evid5tly !re 0 a c]ta9 measure ( unfri5dl9ess betwe5 ,rob]val & ,desc>tes4 ,i am unable1 h[ev]1 to see any traces ( a cot]ie surr\nd+ ,pascal & inimical to ,desc>tes1 z ,m4 ,c\s9 sugge/s4 #da ,if su* a cot]ie exi/$ at ?is "t 9 ,p>is1 ( :i* ! 8ha/y & jeal\s ,rob]val0 0 ! c5tre1 & :i* delight$ 9 8abus+ ,desc>tes1 & attack+ him on all sides10 ,jacquel9e's frank & lively lett] seems en\gh to %[ t :ile ,rob]val 0 ,pascal's fri5d & ,desc>tes's disputant1 !re 0 no?+ 9 ! meantime betwe5 ,desc>tes & ,pascal b c\rte\s fri5dl9ess & a cordial feel+ ( mutual respect4 ,desc>tes1 h[ev]1 9 8 retirem5t at ,/ockholm1 pla9ly *]i%$ ! impression t ,rob]val's intimacy ) ,pascal prev5t$ ! latt] f do+ full ju/ice to 8 sci5tific position & sugge/ions2 & hav+ z yet he>d no?+1 9 ,june #afdi1 ( ! special results ( ,pascal's exp]im5ts on ! ,puy de ,dme 9 ! prec$+ ye>1 he wrote to 8 fri5d ,c>cavi to let him "k ab\t ^!4 8,i pray y1 let me "k ( ! success ( an exp]im5t :i* ,pascal is said to h made on ! m\nta9s ( ,auv]gne4 4 4 4 ,i _h ! "r to expect ?is ( him r ?an ( y1 because x 0 ,i :o advis$ him two ye>s ago to make ! exp]im5t1 & :o assur$ him t1 al?\gh ,i _h n made x1 ,i _h no d\bt ( its success4 ,b z he is ! fri5d ( ,m4 ,rob]val1 :o pr(esses n to be m9e1 ,i h "s reason to ?9k he foll[s ! passions ( 8 fri5d40 #db;a ,t lett] 0 imm$iately communicat$ to ,pascal by ,c>cavi1 :o 0 8 intimate associate no less ?an ,rob]val4 ,b x seems to h elicit$ no reply4 ,bossut #db;b says t he despis$ x4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,desc>tes's biograph] & eulogi/1 ,baillet1 blames ,pascal = hav+ c>efully kept out ( view ,desc>tes's "n 9 all ! acc\nts ( 8 discov]ies2 & produces an array ( passages f ,desc>tes's lett]s1 %[+ pla9ly t 8 m9d 0 9 ! l9e ( discov]y f9ally v]ifi$ by ! exp]im5ts 9 ,auv]gne4 #dc;a ,x may be grant$ beyond d\bt ?is 0 ! case4 ,x w\ld ill become any admir] ( ,pascal to detract f ! glory ( ,desc>tes4 ,b x mu/ be held no less firmly1 t 9 ! p]sonal "q rais$ by ,desc>tes's lett]1 ! balance ( evid5ce is all 9 fav\r ( ,pascal4 ,!re are no indications t ! two m5 ev] met save on ! occasion s frankly describ$ by 8 si/] ,jacquel9e4 ,be=e ?is ,pascal _h n only be5 busy ) ! subject1 b says di/9ctly t he _h m$itat$ ! exp]im5t f9ally made on ! ,puy de ,dme f ! "t t he publi%$ 8 fir/ rese>*es4 #dc;b ,x 0 n1 inde$1 till ab\t six weeks aft] ,desc>tes's visit1 or on ! #ae? ,decemb] #afdg1 t he communicat$ ) ,m4 ,pri] reg>d+ ^! exp]im5ts1 & 8 e>ne/ desire t !y %\ld be made2 & x 0 n till ! foll[+ ,septemb]1 or ab\t a ye> aft] ,desc>tes's visit1 t !y 7 actually made4 ,b x is incr$ible t ,pascal c\ld h writt5 z he did if he _h really1 = ! fir/ "t1 be5 indebt$ to ,desc>tes = ! sugge/ion4 ,desc>tes's "n is n m5tion$ 9 8 correspond5ce ) ,m4 ,pri]1 nor 9 any ( 8 writ+s on ! subject2 & ! delay 9 mak+ ! exp]im5ts is suffici5tly expla9$ by ! facts /at$ by himself1 t !y c\ld only be made effectually at "s place ( great] elevation ?an he c\ld comm&--su* z 8,cl]mont1 at ! foot ( ! ,puy de ,dme0--& by "s p]son1 su* z ,m4 ,pri]1 on ^: k & accuracy he c\ld rely4 ,if we add to ?is ! =ce ( ! /atem5t already quot$ f 8 lett] to ,m4 ,ribeyre1 f\r ye>s aft]w>ds1 or 9 #afea1 t he claim$ ! exp]im5ts z entirely 88 own inv5tion10 & t he did s 8boldly10 ! case seems put beyond all d\bt--unless we are to suppose ! au?or ( ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s' & ! #8,?\ghts' capable ( wilful suppression ( ! tru?4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is unnecess>y to attribute to ,desc>tes any?+ beyond a mi/ak5 op9ion ( ! value ( c]ta9 /atem5ts :i* he _h no d\bt made to ,pascal1 & possibly "s confusion ( memory4 ,& t ?is is n an unw>rant$ view appe>s f :at he says 9 a subsequ5t lett] to ,m4 ,c>cavi1 on ! #ag? ,augu/ ( ! same ye>1 #afdi--t he 0 greatly int]e/$ 9 he>+ ( ! success ( ! exp]im5ts1 hav+ two ye>s be=e bes\ght ,pascal to make !m1 & assur$ him ( success--because ! suppos$ explanation 0 "o1 he adds1 8entirely consi/5t ) ! pr9ciples ( my philosophy1 ap>t f :i* he ,pascal1 w\ld n h ?\ght ( x1 8 own op9ion be+ q contr>y40 #dd ,?is may or may n be true4 ,pascal c]ta9ly held z long z he c\ld to ! old maxim ( 8,nature's abhorr5ce ( a vacuum40 8,i d n ?9k x all[able10 he says 9 8 lett] to ,m4 ,pri]1 8to dep>t lightly f maxims h&$ d[n to u by antiquity1 unless compell$ by inv9cible pro(s40 ,b ! notions ( ,desc>tes on ! subject ( a vacuum 7 at lea/ z confus$ z ^? orig9ally held by ,pascal4 #de;a ,x is absurd1 !re=e1 to suppose t ! latt] c\ld h be5 indebt$ to ! pr9ciples ( ! ,c>tesian philosophy--n to say t ?is is a v diff]5t sugge/ion f t ( ! =m] lett]1 t ,desc>tes himself _h advis$ ! exp]im5t to be made4 ,evid5tly ! old] philosoph] wrote "u vague & some:at inflat$ ideas ( ! value ( 8 lab\rs & 8 conv]sation ) ,pascal2 :ile ! latt]1 aga91 absorb$ 9 8 own ?\ghts on ! subject1 & unconsci\s t he _h receiv$ any special impulse f ,desc>tes or 8 philosophy1 naturally made no m5tion ( 8 "n4 ,8 sil5ce :5 ,desc>tes's accusation 0 communicat$ to him indicates ! same some:at l(ty res]ve & confid5ce 9 ! indep5d5ce ( 8 own rese>*es1 r ?an any contempt4 ,he felt too sure ( 8 position to ?9k ( def5d+ himself1 or ( repell+ :at he no d\bt reg>d$ z n s mu* a delib]ate assault on ! value ( 8 own "w1 z an exagg]at$ e/imate by ! o!r ( 8 %>e 9 t "w4 ,pascal's rese>*es reg>d+ atmosph]ic pressure conduct$ him gradually to ! exam9ation ( ! g5]al laws ( ! equilibrium ( fluids4 #de;b ,x _h be5 already det]m9$ t ! pressure ( a fluid on its base is z ! product ( ! base multipli$ by ! height ( ! fluid1 & t all fluids press equally on all sides ( ! vessels enclos+ !m4 ,b x /ill rema9$ to det]m9e exactly ! measure ( ! pressure1 9 ord] to d$uce ! g5]al conditions ( equilibrium4 ,) ! view ( asc]ta9+ ?is1 ,pascal made two unequal ap]tures 9 a vessel fill$ ) fluid1 & enclos$ on all sides4 ,he !n appli$ two pi/ons to ^! ap]tures1 press$ by =ces proportional to ! respective ap]tures1 & ! fluid rema9$ 9 equilibrio4 8,hav+ e/abli%$ ?is tru? by two me?ods equally +5i\s & satisfactory1 he d$uc$ f x ! diff]5t cases ( ! equilibrium ( fluids1 & p>ticul>ly ) solid bodies1 compressible & incompressible1 :5 ei!r p>tly or :olly imm]s$ 9 !m40 8,b ! mo/ rem>kable "p ( 8 treatise on ! #8,equilibrium ( ,fluids1'0 cont9ues ,sir ,david ,brew/]1 f ^: exposition we quote1 #df;a 8& "o :i* ( itself w\ld h immortalis$ him1 is 8 application ( ! g5]al pr9ciple to ! con/ruction ( :at he calls ! #8me*anical ma*9e = multiply+ =ces1' #df;b--an effect :i*1 he says1 may be produc$ to any ext5t we *oose1 z "o may by means ( ?is ma*9e raise a weight ( any magnitude4 ,?is new ma*9e is ! ,hydro/atic ,press1 fir/ introduc$ by our celebrat$ c\ntryman1 ,mr ,bramah4 8,pascal's treatise on ! weight ( ! :ole mass ( air =ms ! basis ( ! mod]n sci5ce ( ,pneumatics4 ,9 ord] to prove t ! mass ( air presses by its weight on all ! bodies :i* x surr\nds1 & also t x is ela/ic & compressible1 a balloon half fill$ ) air 0 c>ri$ to ! top ( ! ,puy de ,dme4 ,x gradually inflat$ itself z x asc5d$1 & :5 x rea*$ ! summit x 0 q full & swoll51 z if fre% air _h be5 bl[n into x2 or :at is ! same ?+1 x swell$ 9 proportion z ! weight ( ! column ( air :i* press$ ^u x dim9i%$4 ,:5 aga9 br\ght d[n1 x became m & m flaccid1 &1 :5 x rea*$ ! bottom1 x resum$ its orig9al condition4 ,9 ! n9e *apt]s ( :i* ! treatise consi/s1 he %[s t all ! ph5om5a or effects hi!rto ascrib$ to ! horror ( a vacuum1 arise f ! weight ( ! mass ( air2 & aft] expla9+ ! v>iable pressure ( ! atmosph]e 9 diff]5t localities1 & 9 its diff]5t /ates1 & ! rise ( ! wat] 9 pumps1 he calculates t ! :ole mass ( air r\nd our globe weighs #h1ihc1hhi1ddj1jjj1jjj1jjj ,fr5* p\nds4 8,hav+ ?us complet$ 8 rese>*es respect+ ela/ic & incompressible fluids1 ,pascal seems to h resum$ ) a fatal en?usiasm 8 ma!matical /udies3 b1 un=tunately = sci5ce1 sev]al ( ! works :i* he compos$ h be5 lo/4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 h be5 pres]v$1 :i* entitle him to a high rank among/ ! greate/ ma!maticians ( ! age4 ,( ^!1 8 #8,trait du ,triangle ,ari?mtique1' 8 #8,tractatus de ,num]icis ,ord9ibus1' & 8 #8,problemata de ,cycloide1' are ! *ief4 ,by means ( ! ,ari?metical ,triangle1 an inv5tion equally +5i\s & orig9al1 he succe$$ 9 solv+ a numb] ( !orems :i* x w\ld h be5 difficult to demon/rate 9 any o!r way1 & 9 f9d+ ! coeffici5ts ( diff]5t t]ms ( a b9omial rais$ to an ev5 & positive p[]4 ,! same pr9ciples enabl$ him to lay ! f\ndation ( ! doctr9e ( probabilities1 an important bran* ( ma!matical sci5ce1 :i* ,huygh5s1 a few ye>s aft]w>ds1 improv$1 & :i* ! ,m>quis la ,place & ,m4 ,poisson h s greatly ext5d$4 ,^! treatises1 ) ! exception ( t on ! ,cycloid1 7 compos$ & pr9t$ 9 ! ye> #afed1 b 7 n publi%$ till #affh1 aft] ! dea? ( ! au?or40 ,pascal's discov]ies z to ! cycloid belong to a lat] p]iod ( 8 life1 aft] he _h long =sak5 ! sci5tific /udies :i* engross$ him at ?is "t1 & _h become an inmate ( ,port ,royal4 ,b1 z we h already said1 x is well to complete our view ( 8 sci5tific lab\rs 9 a s+le *apt]4 ,dur+ an access ( sev]e too?a*e :i*1 9 #afeh1 depriv$ him ( sleep1 8 ?\ghts fa/5$ on c]ta9 problems connect$ ) ! cycloid4 ,f]mat1 ,rob]val1 & ,torricelli _h all be5 occupi$ ) ! subject1 & made "s def9ite progress 9 asc]ta9+ its prop]ties4 ,b mu* /ill rema9$ to be done1 & especially to resolve ! problems connect$ ) x 9 a 8g5]al & uni=m mann]40 8,pascal10 says ,bossut1 8devis$ )9 eight days1 & 9 ! mid/ ( cruel suff]+s1 a me?od :i* embrac$ all ! problems--a me?od f\nd$ ^u ! summation ( c]ta9 s]ies1 ( :i* he _h giv5 ! elem5ts 9 8 writ+s accompany+ 8 #8,trait du ,triangle ,ari?mtique4' ,f ?is discov]y !re 0 only a /ep to t ( ! ,diff]5tial & ,integral ,calculus2 & x may be confid5tly presum$ t1 if ,pascal _h proce$$ ) 8 ma!matical /udies1 he w\ld h anticipat$ ,leibnitz & ,newton 9 ! glory ( _! great inv5tion40 ,hav+ communicat$ ! result ( 8 geometrical m$itation to ! ,duc de ,roannez & "s ( 8 o!r religi\s fri5ds1 !y conceiv$ ! design ( mak+ x subs]vi5t to ! triumph ( religion4 ,pascal himself 0 an illu/ri\s example t ! highe/ ma!matical g5ius & ! humble/ ,*ri/ian piety might be unit$2 b 9 ord] to give clat to su* an example1 8 fri5ds propos$ to prop\nd publicly ! que/ions solv$ by ! great ,port ,royali/ 9 8 mom5ts ( suff]+1 & to (f] prizes = ! be/ solutions giv5 ( !m4 ,?is !y did 9 ,june #afeh4 ,a programme 0 publi%$ mak+ ! (f] ( prizes ( =ty & tw5ty pi/oles1 = ! be/ det]m9ation ( ! area & ! c5tre ( gravity ( any segm5t ( ! cycloid1 & ! dim5sions & c5tres ( gravity ( solids & half & qu>t] solids :i* ! same curve w\ld g5]ate by revolv+ r\nd an abscissa & an ord9ate4 ,! programme 0 put =? 9 ! "n ( ,amos ,dettonville1 ! anagram ( ,pascal's assum$ "n z ! writ] ( ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s4' ,huygh5s1 ,sluzsius1 a canon ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,lige1 & ,wr51 ! ar*itect ( ,/ ,paul's1 s5t 9 p>tial solutions ( ! problems--^? ( ,wr5 especially attract+ ! int]e/ ( bo? ,f]mat & ,rob]val4 ,b ,wallis1 ( ,ox=d1 & ,lall\re1 a ,jesuit ( ,t\l\se1 7 ! only two competitors :o treat$ all ! problems propos$4 ,x 0 held t !y _h n completely succe$$ 9 solv+ !m2 & ,dettonville publi%$ 8 own solution 9 an elaborate lett] address$ to ,m4 ,c>cavi1 & 9 a treatise on ! subject4 ,c>cavi 0 an old fri5d ( ,pascal's fa!r z well z ( himself2 & be+ a lawy] z well z a ma!matician1 ! arrangem5t ( ! affair seems to h be5 intru/$ to him4 ,?is did n save him1 h[ev]1 f attacks by ! disappo9t$ c&idates1 :o accus$ him ( unfairness2 & ,leibnitz has giv5 8 decision t bo? ,wallis & ,lall\re1 9 ! treatises :i* !y publi%$1--:i* did n1 h[ev]1 appe> till aft] ,pascal's1--_h succe$$ 9 solv+ ! problems4 ,^u su* a po9t we _c pret5d to judge2 b x may be safely said t ! design ( ! ,duc de ,roannez 0 h>dly realis$ 9 ! issue4 ,x 0 suffici5tly prov$1 inde$1 t ,pascal1 9 ! mid/ ( all 8 au/]ities & devotional ex]cises1 0 ! same ,pascal :o _h held 8 own bo? ) ,desc>tes & ) ! ,jesuits4 ,b ! life ( ?\ght :i* surviv$ 9 him no soon] t\*$ ! out] _w ( intellectual ambition1 ?an x flam$ =? into some?+ ( ! passion ( controv]sy :i* 8 p5 _h already k9dl$ 9 ano!r direction4 ,religion is be/ v9dicat$1 n 9 ! /rifes ( sci5ce1 b by ! beauty ( its own activities4 ,pascal's lab\rs on ! cycloid may be said to br+ to a close 8 sci5tific c>e]4 ,!re is /ill "o inv5tion1 h[ev]1 ( a v practical k9d1 associat$ ) ! v la/ mon?s ( 8 life4 ,among/ ! lett]s ( ,madame ,pri]1 !re is "o ( date ,m>* #bd1 #affb1 address$ to ,m4 ,arnauld de ,pompone #ej--;a nephew ( ! great ,arnauld--9 :i* %e gives a lively description ( ! success ( an exp]im5t 8dans l'affaire des c>rosses40 ,! affair 0 no?+ less ?an ! trial on c]ta9 r\tes 9 ,p>is ( :at is n[ kn[n z an 8omnibus20 & ! idea ( su* conveyances = ! public--8c>rosses c9q sols10 z !y 7 call$--is attribut$ to ,pascal4 ,x is c]ta9 t ! privilege ( runn+ 8c>rosses c9q sols0 0 grant$ to ,pascal's fri5d1 ! ,duc de ,roannez1 & to o!r noblem51 by royal pat5t1 9 ,janu>y #affb1--;& t ! exp]im5t1 z describ$ by ,madame ,pri]1 0 made ) great success 9 ! foll[+ ,m>*1 & t ,pascal _h an active int]e/ 9 ! und]tak+4 ,8 si/] tells t he _h mortgag$ 8 %>e ( its fir/ ye>'s pr(its 9 ord] to provide = ! poor at ,blois2 #ea & a note f 8 own h&1 app5d$ to 8 si/]'s lett]1 %[s ) :at eag]ness he ent]$ into ! affair & hail$ its success4 ,x is s+ul> to connect ! "n ( ,pascal1 & t1 too1 dur+ ! la/ sad mon?s ( 8 life1 ) s _w-wide a commonplace z ! omnibus4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,pascal ,,9 ,,! ,,_w4 ,pascal's heal?1 we h se51 0 v delicate4 ,8 lab\rs to p]fect 8 ari?metical ma*9e _h s]i\sly impair$ x4 ,! attack ( p>tial p>alysis1 describ$ by 8 niece1 seems to h tak5 place 9 ! e>ly summ] ( #afdg4 ,z soon z he 0 able1 he remov$ to ,p>is1 :]e we f9d him settl$ ) 8 y\ng] si/] 9 ,septemb] ( ! same ye>4 ,x 0 on ! tw5ty-fif? ( ?is mon? t ,jacquel9e writes f ,p>is ( ,desc>tes's memorable visits4 ,"o ( ! motives ( 8 *ange ( resid5ce 0 no d\bt to consult ! be/ physicians ( ! day2 & ,desc>tes1 :o1 among/ 8 o!r num]\s gifts1 _h "s skill 9 m$ic9e1 made 8 second visit to him p>tly z a physician4 8,he came 9 "p10 says ,jacquel9e1 8to consult z to my bro!r's illness40 ,he appe>s to h giv5 him v s\nd advice1 :i*1 un=tunately1 ,pascal did n foll[--8to lie 9 b$ z mu* z he c\ld1 & take /rong s\p40 ,on ! contr>y1 he 0 8bl$1 ba!d1 & purg$10 aft] ! usual m$ical r\t9e ( ! "t1 app>5tly )\t any good effects1 or any alleviation ( 8 suff]+s4 ,! fa!r also return$ to ,p>is 9 ,may #afdh4 ,! ,prov9cial ,p>liam5t1 ) rega9$ au?ority1 _h exact$ ! recall ( ! ,int5dants appo9t$ by ! ,c\rt4 ti5ne ,pascal's s]vices 7 remun]at$ by ! dignity ( a ,c\nsellor ( ,/ate1 & he 0 set at lib]ty to rejo9 8 *ildr54 ,x 0 at ?is p]iod t ! /ruggle took place betwixt fa!r & daught] z to ! latt]'s det]m9ation to *oose a religi\s life4 ,enc\rag$ by h] bro!r aft] 8 access ( zeal at ,r\51 ,jacquel9e 0 gradually m & m drawn t[>ds piety4 ,aft] _! settlem5t 9 ,p>is !y w5t frequ5tly toge!r to ! ,*ur* ( ,port ,royal de ,p>is1 to li/5 to ! s]mons ( ,m4 ,s+l91 ^: t\*+ pictures ( ! beauty & p]fection ( ! ,*ri/ian life awoke 9 ! y\?ful en?usia/ ! desire ( ent]+ ,port ,royal4 ,%e op5$ p]sonal communications ) ! sa9t$ head ( ! ,h\se1 ! ,mre ,anglique1 & also ) ,m4 ,s+l91 :o recognis$ 9 h] all ! m>ks ( a true vocation1 b :o w\ld n all[ h] to proce$ fur!r )\t h] fa!r's cons5t & approval4 ,! bro!r at ?is "t /rongly sympa?is$ ) h] aspirations1 & fav\r$ !m4 ,on ! fa!r's arrival 9 ,p>is1 ! design ( 8 daught] 0 imp>t$ to him4 ,he 0 greatly surpris$ & mov$ by ! proposition--pleas$1 on ! "o h&1 by 8 daught]'s devotion1 & yet deeply w\nd$ by ! idea ( p>t+ ) h]4 ,he took "t = consid]ation1 & at l5g? made up 8 m9d t x 0 impossible to give 8 cons5t4 ,n only s1 b he /rongly blam$ 8 son1 :o _h brok5 ! matt] to him1 = enc\rag+ 8 si/]'s design )\t fir/ asc]ta9+ :e!r x w\ld be agreeable to himself1 & he seems = ! "t to h felt s mu* di/ru/ 9 !m bo?1 t he in/ruct$ an old dome/ic1 :o _h be5 ) !m f _! y\?1 to wat* ov] _! actions4 ,?is is ! n>rative ( ,madame ,pri]2 #ed;a & ! unpleasantness :i* arose out ( ?is ev5t appe>s also impli$ 9 ,jacquel9e's lett] to h] si/] 9 ! spr+ ( ! same ye>4 #ed;b ,9 #afdi ! ,pascal family left ,p>is = ,auv]gne1 & seem to h rema9$ !re = ab\t a ye> & a half4 ,madame ,pri] says no?+ ( ?is visit1 s f> z h] bro!r is conc]n$1 beyond ! fact t he accompani$ ,jacquel9e & h] fa!r4 ,! likelihood1 h[ev]1 is1 t ! visit 0 9 "s degree prompt$ by a reg>d = ,pascal's heal?4 ,he _h made 9 ,p>is "s progress t[>ds recov]y1 not)/&+ ! sev]ity ( 8 treatm5t4 ,b he 0 /ill f> f well1 & x 0 judg$ necess>y1 89 ord] to re-e/abli% him entirely1 t he %\ld ab&on e sort ( m5tal occupation1 & seek1 z mu* z he c\ld1 opportunities ( amus+ himself40 ,h] bro!r1 %e adds1 0 v reluctant to take ?is advice1 8because he saw its dang]40 ,at l5g?1 h[ev]1 he yield$1 8consid]+ himself oblig$ to d all he c\ld to re/ore 8 heal?1 & because he ?\ght t trivial amusem5ts c\ld n h>m him4 ,s he set himself on ! _w40 ,:5 ?is def9ite *ange 9 ,pascal's life began is left unc]ta91 b !re are indications t he _h l>gely ab&on$ 8 /udies 9 #afdi & ! foll[+ ye>4 ,dur+ ^! ye>s !re is no?+ f 8 p54 ,! int]val betwe5 ! 8recital0 ( ! exp]im5ts on ! ,puy de ,dme 7#afdh71 & 8 lett] to ,m4 ,ribeyre1 #ab? ,july #afea1 is blank 9 any record ( sci5tific or lit]>y lab\r4 ,?is is n conclusive1 ( c\rse1 t he 0 idle2 b tak5 9 connection ) ! rem>ks ( 8 si/]1 & ! retirem5t to ,auv]gne1 x sugge/s t ! family may h s\ght !re1 9 rural isolation & dome/ic reunion1 ! means ( entirely )draw+ ,pascal f 8 sev]] /udies1 & ! sci5tific companions :o 7 con/antly prompt+ !m 9 ,p>is4 ,x may be1 also1 t ! fa!r s\ght ! means ( )draw+ ,jacquel9e f ! neighb\rhood ( ,port ,royal1 & f ! equally excit+ associations to h] connect$ ) t neighb\rhood4 ,( ,pascal's life at ?is "t 9 ,auv]gne we "k no?+1 or next to no?+4 ,!re is1 inde$1 a s+le trace1 ( :i* ! mo/ has be5 made1 9 ! ,memoirs ( ,fl*i]1 describ+ 8 /ay at ,cl]mont 9 #affe & #afff1 a few ye>s aft] ,pascal's dea?4 ,9 ^! ,memoirs1 ,fl*i] relates an anecdote ( a "y lady 8:o 0 ! ,sappho ( ! c\ntry10 & greatly belov$ by all ! beaux esprits ( ! "t4 ,among/ o!rs1 8,m4 ,pascal1 :o _h !n acquir$ s mu* reputation1 & ano!r savant1 7 cont9ually ) ?is belle savante40 ,x is difficult to "k :at to make ( ?is vague if piquant anecdote4 ,"s ( ,pascal's m religi\s admir]s h ev5 be5 sc&alis$ by x1 & h tri$ to %[ t x c\ld n ref] to ! au?or ( ! #8,p5ses4' ,m4 ,c\s9 & o!r p>ties h emphasis$ x too mu*4 #ee ,!re seems no reason to d\bt t ! anecdote relates to ! y\ng] ,pascal--x _c reasonably be suppos$ to relate to 8 fa!r4 ,nor is !re any gr\nd to suppose t ,pascal 0 less likely to be int]e/$ 9 a beautiful & accompli%$ demoiselle ?an any o!r "y man ( 8 age4 ,on ! contr>y1 !re is "s reason to ?9k him at ?is "t peculi>ly susceptible to ! *>ms ( female companion%ip4 ,! pass+ glimpse :i* ! /ory gives ( 8 occupations 9 ,auv]gne1 & ! comp>ative brightness & leisure 9 :i* x seems to set 8 life = a little1 are pleas+4 ,x sugge/s ! idea t ! *ange to ! c\ntry _h work$ successfully1 & t ) re/ & retirem5t f ,p>is 8 heal? _h greatly b5efit$4 ,x is a v diff]5t picture we get ( ! once brilliant ,jacquel9e4 ,if h] fa!r _h *]i%$ any hopes ( re/or+ h] aga9 to ! _w1 he 0 de/9$ to disappo9tm5t4 ,) h] conv]sion at ,r\51 & h] association ) ,m4 ,s+l9 & ,port ,royal1 h] old life seems entirely to h di$ out4 ,ev5 h] old pleasure 9 mak+ v]ses 0 r5\nc$ at ! bidd+ ( ,port ,royal4 ,%e 0 told 8t x 0 a tal5t ( :i* ,god w\ld n take any acc\nt--x 0 necess>y to bury x10 & ?is al?\gh %e only ex]t$ x n[ 9 ! s]vice ( religion & ! ,*ur*4 ,:ile ,madame ,pri] has giv5 u no details1 &1 inde$1 no facts :atev]1 ( h] bro!r's life at ?is "t1 %e has giv5 u a m9ute picture ( ,jacquel9e's au/]ities4 ,9 ev]y?+ save 9 "n %e _h already become a nun4 ,%e wore a dress approa*+ z ne>ly z possible to a religi\s habit2 %e fa/$ & kept vigils2 %e sp5t h] :ole "t ei!r 9 ! h\se alone1 absorb$ 9 religi\s ec/asy1 or abroad 9 works ( active *>ity2 9 e way %e made x pla9ly to be kn[n t x 0 only h] fa!r's wi% t kept h] 9 ! _w at all4 ,aft] a /ay 9 ,auv]gne ( sev5te5 mon?s1 ! family return$ to ,p>is 9 ,novemb] #afej4 ,!re we /ill read ( ! pi\s lab\rs & devotion ( ,jacquel9e--little or no?+ ( h] bro!r4 ,h[ f> ! leisure ( c\ntry life may h wean$ him f 8 old pursuits1 h[ f> ! _w _h begun to ex]cise a new attraction ov] him1 we le>n no?+4 ,x is evid5t f 8 lett] to ,m4 ,pri] on 8 fa!r's dea?1 ne>ly a ye> aft] ?is1 t he /ill *]i%$ /rongly 8 religi\s convictions4 ,yet !re is no?+ 9 all ?is "t to tell ( 8 religi\s pr(ession2 & ,madame ,pri] pla9ly does n c>e to dwell ^u x1 b hurries =w>d to ! lat] & m edify+ p]iod ( 8 c>e]4 ,! impression is left ^u u t worldly di/ractions _h already begun to influ5ce 8 life4 ,^! di/ractions rapidly acquir$ =ce aft] ! fa!r's dea? 9 ! autumn ( #afea 7,septemb]74 ,! devot$ ,jacquel9e att5d$ 8 la/ mom5ts ) assidu\s t5d]ness2 b no soon] 0 ! ev5t ov] ?an %e r5ew$ h] det]m9ation to ent] ,port ,royal4 ,! issue _c be s well describ$ z 9 ,madame ,pri]'s words3-- 8,be+ ill10 %e says1 8,i 0 unable to leave ,p>is till ! end ( ,novemb]4 ,9 ?is int]val1 my bro!r1 :o 0 greatly afflict$1 & _h receiv$ mu* consolation f my si/]1 imag9$ t h] affection w\ld make h] rema9 ) him at lea/ a ye>4 4 4 4 ,he spoke to h] on ! subject1 b 9 su* a mann] z to convey ! impression t %e w\ld n s f> contradict him = fe> ( r$\bl+ 8 grief4 ,?is l$ h] to dissemble h] int5tion till our arrival4 ,!n %e told me t h] resolution 0 fix$ to adopt a religi\s life z soon z our respective %>es ( ! fa!r's prop]ty 7 arrang$4 ,%e w\ld1 h[ev]1 sp>e my bro!r by lead+ him to suppose %e only m$itat$ a retreat6 ,) ?is view1 %e dispos$ ( ev]y?+ 9 my pres5ce2 our %>es 7 settl$ on ! la/ day ( ,decemb]2 & %e fix$ ^u ! #d? ( ,janu>y = c>ry+ out h] decision4 ,on ! ev5+ be=e1 %e begg$ me to say some?+ to my bro!r1 t he might n be tak5 by surprise4 ,i did s ) all ! precaution ,i c\ld2 b al?\gh ,i h9t$ t x 0 only a retreat1 ) ! view ( kn[+ some?+ ( ! sort ( life1 he did n fail to be deeply t\*$4 ,he )drew v sad to 8 *amb] )\t see+ my si/]1 :o 0 !n 9 a small cab9et :]e %e 0 accu/om$ to retire = pray]4 ,%e did n come out till my bro!r _h left1 z %e fe>$ 8 look w\ld g to h] he>t4 ,i told h] = him :at words ( t5d]ness he _h spok52 & aft] t we bo? retir$4 ,?\gh ,i cons5t$ ) all my he>t to :at my si/] 0 do+1 because ,i ?\ght x 0 = h] ! highe/ good1 ! greatness ( h] resolution a/oni%$ & occupi$ my m9d s t ,i c\ld n sleep all night4 ,at sev5 o'clock1 :5 ,i saw t my si/] 0 n up1 ,i conclud$ t %e 0 no long] sleep+1 & fe>$ t %e might be ill4 ,accord+ly1 ,i w5t to h] b$1 :]e ,i f\nd h] /ill fa/ asleep4 ,! noise ,i made awoke h]2 %e ask$ me :at o'clock x 04 ,i told h]2 & hav+ inquir$ h[ %e 01 & if %e _h slept well1 %e said %e 0 v well1 & t %e _h slept excell5tly4 ,s %e rose1 dress$1 & w5t away1 do+ ?is1 z ev]y?+ else1 ) a tranquillity & equanimity inconceivable4 ,we said no adieu = fe> ( break+ d[n4 ,i only turn$ aside :5 ,i saw h] ready to g4 ,9 ?is mann] %e quitt$ ! _w on ! #d? ,janu>y #afeb1 be+ !n exactly tw5ty-six ye>s & ?ree mon?s old40 #eh ,our read]s w n grudge ?is extract1 s t\*+ 9 its simplicity4 ,:at a liv+ picture does x give u ( ?is rem>kable family6--! eld] si/]'s wakeful anxiety--! y\ng]'s calm det]m9ation--! bro!r's half-suppress$ yet deeply-mov$ t5d]ness--! pr\d & s5sitive res]ve ( all ! ?ree4 ,jacquel9e's firmness 0 h]oic1 b h] he>t 0 full ( conc]n4 ,%e _h escap$ ! half-au?oritative1 half-supplicat+ entreaties ( h] bro!r1 & f\nd refuge = h] long-*]i%$ solicitudes ( he>t 9 ! bosom ( ,port ,royal1 & ! /rong c\nsels bo? ( ! ,mre ,anglique & ! ,mre ,agns4 ,b aft] a :ile ?is did n satisfy h]4 ,:5 ! "t came to make h] pr(ession1 %e 0 anxi\s to d s1 n m]ely ) h] own cons5t1 b ) h] bro!r's4 ,& accord+ly1 %e address$ him 9 ! foll[+ ,m>* a rem>kable lett]1 9 :i*1 :ile rem9d+ him t %e 0 h] own mi/ress to d z %e wi%$ 9 a matt] s s]i\sly affect+ h] life1 %e yet pray$ him to give h] a k9dly greet+ 9 h] solemn act1 & to come to ! c]emony ( h] tak+ ! v[s4 ,! lett] brea!s at once ! affection ( a si/] & ! passion ( a sa9t1--! pr\d firmness s *>act]i/ic ( ! family1 ) a *>m+ sweetness1 bl5d+ entreaty ) comm&4 ,%e signs h]self already 8,si/] ( ,sa9te ,euphmie10 ! "n :i* %e adopt$ z an inmate ( ,port ,royal1 address+ h] bro!r = ! mo/ "p ) ! grave =mal 8y10 b n[ & !n relaps+ into ! old famili> 8?\10 z if %e 7 /ill 9 ! family home4 8,d n take t away10 %e says1 #ei 8:i* y _c give4 ,if x is true t ! _w has pres]v$ "s impressions ( ! fri5d%ip :i* x %[$ = me :5 ,i 0 ) x1 please ,god ?is %\ld n turn me f quitt+ x1 nor y f cons5t+ to my do+ s4 ,?is ought r to be my glory1 & y\r joy1 & t ( all my true fri5ds1 z %[+ ! /r5g? ( my ,god1 & t x is n ! _w :i* quits me1 b ,i t quit ! _w1 & t ! ef=t :i* x makes to reta9 me is to be reg>d$ z only a visible puni%m5t ( ! complac5cy ) :i* ,i =m]ly reg>d$ x1 & :i* x n[ pleases ,god to give me p[] to resi/4 4 4 4 ,d n h9d] ^? :o d well2 & d well y\rself2 or if y h n ! /r5g? to foll[ me1 at lea/ d n hold me back4 ,d n r5d] me ungrateful to ,god = ! grace :i* ,he has giv5 to "o :om y love4 4 4 4 ,i wait ?is pro( ( y\r bro!rly fri5d%ip1 & pray y to come to my div9e betro?al1 :i* w take place1 ,god help+1 on ,tr9ity ,sunday4 ,i wrote also to my fai?ful "o h] si/] ,gilb]te4 ,i beg y to console h]1 if !re is ne$1 & enc\rage h]4 ,x is only = ! sake ( =m t ,i ask y to be pres5t at ! c]emony2 = ,i d n believe y h any ?\ght ( fail+ me4 ,be assur$ t ,i mu/ r5\nce y if y d40 ,! result ( ?is mov+ appeal 0 to br+ h] bro!r to h] side4 8,he came ! foll[+ day v mu* put out10 %e says1 8) a bad heada*e1 ! result ( my lett]1 yet also v mu* s(t5$1 = in/ead ( ! two ye>s :i* he _h =m]ly insi/$ on1 he wi%$ me m]ely to wait till ,all ,sa9ts' ,day4 ,b see+ me firm n to delay1 yet will+ to give him "s fur!r "t to ?9k ov] ! matt]1 he melt$ entirely1 & express$ pity = ! tr\ble :i* _h made me delay s long a result :i* ,i _h s long & s ard5tly desir$4 ,he did n return at ! appo9t$ "t2 b ,m4 d',&illy1 at my reque/1 _h ! goodness to s5d = him on ,saturday1 & und]took ! matt] ) s mu* w>m?1 & yet skill1 t he cons5t$ to ev]y?+ we wi%$40 #fj ,jacquel9e ga9$ h] po9t s f>2 b pa9ful difficulties /ill rema9$1 ! /ory ( :i* %e h]self has also told u4 #fa ,:ile eag] to be admitt$ to ! full privileges ( h] vocation1 %e did n wi% to ent] ,port ,royal empty-h&$4 ,%e ?\ght h]self free to end[ x ) ! %>e ( h] fa!r's =tune :i* _h fall5 to h]1 & seems n to h d\bt$ h] bro!r's & si/]'s concurr5ce 9 ?is act ( lib]ality4 ,b !y1 on ! contr>y1 7 bo? = a "t deeply (f5d$ t %e %\ld app>5tly pref] /rang]s to h] own k9dr$4 ,!y took ! matt] 89 an entirely secul> mann]40 ,?is greatly griev$ h] 9 turn2 &1 balk$ at once 9 h] wi%es & h] si/]ly tru/1 %e pictures 9 ! mo/ lively col\rs ! di/ress %e endur$4 ,la ,mre ,agns consol$ h] 9 h] disappo9tm5t1 & s\ght to c>ry h] ?\ghts beyond ! m]e *agr9 :i* s obvi\sly m+l$ ) h] high] feel+4 ,h] own some:at res5tful ob/9acy gradually yield$ to ! pure passivity ( resignation--s /rong 9 its seem+ weakness--:i* ! si/] ( ,arnauld prea*$ to h]4 ,at l5g? %e is cont5t to make no fur!r dem&s ^u h] bro!r4 ,he & ,madame ,pri] %all d z !y wi%2 ! money w\ld n be bless$ unless x came f free he>ts1 & 0 giv5 = ! love ( ,god4 ,%e is will+ ev5 to be receiv$ gratuit\sly z a si/]--a feel+ evid5tly n )\t its bitt]ness4 ,h] submission became1 z may be guess$1 h] triumph2 a result probably n un=ese5 by ! deep] exp]i5ce ( ,la ,mre ,agns & ,m4 ,s+l94 ,:5 h] bro!r--8he :o _h mo/ int]e/ 9 ! affair0--at la/ came to see h]1 %e endeav\r$ to meet him z ! ,"m advis$4 8,b1 ) all h] ef=t0 %e c\ld n hide ! sadness ( h] he>t4 8,?is10 %e says1 80 s unlike my usual mann]1 t he p]ceiv$ x at once2 & !re 0 no ne$ ( an int]pret] to expla9 ! cause1 = ?\gh ,i put on ! be/ face ,i c\ld1 he easily guess$ t x 0 8 own conduct :i* 0 ! cause ( my uneas9ess4 ,all ! same1 he 0 desir\s ( mak+ ! fir/ compla9t2 & !n ,i le>n$ t bo? he & my si/] felt !mselves mu* aggriev$ by :at ,i _h writt54 ,he dwelt on ?is1 b c\ld h>dly g on1 see+ ,i made no compla9t on my side4 ,o!rwise1 ,i c\ld h de/roy$ by a s+le ^w all 8 reasons60 ,a true family trait6 ,! result ( all 01 t ,pascal yield$ to ! t5d] resignation ( 8 si/] :at he _h refus$ to h] argum5ts4 ,he 0 s 8t\*$10 %e says1 8) confusion1 t he resolv$ to put ! :ole affair 9 ord]10 & to und]take himself any risks or *>ges t x might involve4 ,b ! heads ( ! ,h\se requir$ to be satisfi$1 no less ?an ,jacquel9e4 ,!y 7 n dispos$ to accept any gift :i* 0 n freely & pi\sly giv54 ,accord+ly1 be=e ! f9al disposition ( ! prop]ty 0 made1 ,la ,mre ,anglique took c>e t ,pascal %\ld und]/& ! matt] anew f ! ,port-,royali/ po9t ( view4 ,/ ,cyran _h taught !m t !y 7 nev] 8to receive any?+ = ! h\se ( ,god b t :i* came f ,god40 ,ev5 he 0 n a little surpris$1 accord+ to ! /atem5t ( 8 si/]1 at all ?is scrupul\sness--8! mann] 9 :i* we deal ) su* matt]s20 & ! m5 ( bus9ess ^: pres5ce 0 necess>y on ! occasion are repres5t$ z a/oni%$ beyond measure4 8,!y _h nev] se5 bus9ess done 9 su* a way40 ,at l5g?1 h[ev]1 all 0 complet$4 ,pascal pr(ess$ ! g5u95ess ( 8 motives1 & only regrett$ t x 0 n 9 8 p[] to d m4 ,if ?is n>rative ma9ly conc]ns ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 x s]ves to ?r[ light ^u ! "* & life ( h] bro!r at ?is "t4 ,9 ! c\rse ( h] 8relation10 ,jacquel9e1 or h] int]locutor ,la ,mre ,agns1 makes frequ5t allusion to ,pascal's 8worldly life40 ,:5 %e is vex$ t he w n c>ry out h] desires 9 ! matt] ( ! d[ry1 %e is rem9d$ t %e _h f> m reason to be di/ress$ by ! 8faults & infidelities0 into :i* he _h fall5 t[>ds ,god4 #fc;a ,he is repres5t$ z be+ s mu* engross$ ) ! vanities & amusem5ts ( ! _w z to pref] 8 own pleasure & advantage to ! good ( a religi\s community or ! pi\s gratification ( 8 si/]4 ,x 0 only by "s miracle t x c\ld be o!rwise2 & !re 0 no reason to 8expect a miracle ( grace 9 a p]son l him40 #fc;b ,all ! means at 8 comm& 7 h>dly suffici5t to enable him to live 9 ! _w 8l o!rs ( 8 condition10 & ! associates ) :om he 0 kn[n to be m+l+4 #fc;c ,pla9ly at ?is "t ,pascal 0 ab&on$ by ,port ,royal4 ,he _h 8set himself10 z 8 si/] briefly says1 8on ! _w40 ,z 8 niece m p>ticul>ly indicates1 #fc;d he _h giv5 himself up to ! amusem5ts ( life4 ,unable to /udy1 ! love ( leisure & ( fa%ionable society _h gradually ga9$ ^u him4 ,at fir/ he 0 mod]ate 9 8 worldly enjoym5ts2 b a ta/e = !m ins5sibly sprang up & c>ri$ him f> away f 8 old associations & ! pi\s sev]ities ( 8 =m] life4 ,aft] 8 fa!r's dea? ?is *ange 0 m cle>ly m>k$4 ,he 0 ma/] ( 8 own affairs1 & he plung$ m freely into ! pleasures ( society1 al?\gh always1 x is di/9ctly said1 8)\t any vice or lic5ti\sness40 ,all ?is1 8 niece adds1 0 v griev\s to h] aunt ,jacquel9e1 :o griev$ 9 _s at see+ him :o _h be5 ! means ( mak+ h] le>n ! no?+ness ( ! _w return to its vanities4 ,too mu* is n to be made ( su* /atem5ts1 or ! /ill /rong] expressions ( ,jacquel9e h]self 9 h] lett]s reg>d+ h] bro!r's f9al conv]sion4 ,:5 %e speaks ( 8wret*$ atta*m5ts0 b9d+ him to ! _w1 & ( 8 be+ /ill 8haunt$ by ! smell ( ! mud :i* he _h embrac$ ) su* empressem5t10 #fd we are to rememb] t %e speaks n only out ( ! sev]ity ( h] own y\?ful judgm5t1 7& :at judgm5t is s sev]e at times z t ( y\?87 b out ( ! m\? ( ,port ,royal4 ,%e condemns a _w :i* 0 no d\bt bad en\gh1 b ( :i* %e knew no?+4 ,h] allusions to ! 8gr&eur0 ( h] bro!r's life & simil> indications h l$ ,sa9te-,beuve & o!rs to speak ( 8 extravagance at ?is "t4 ,he is suppos$ n only to h liv$ 9 ! _w1 b to h liv$ 9 a /yle above 8 means--! companion ( m5 ( high] social position ?an himself1 pr(use 9 _! habits & exp5diture4 ,t he liv$ 9 ! mid/ ( society ( ?is k9d c h>dly be d\bt$4 ,x is m d\btful h[ f> 8 own habits _h become ^? ( an extravagant man ( ! _w4 ,8 *ief companion 0 "o :o rema9$ b\nd to him ?r\gh all ! re/ ( 8 life1 ,pascal's influ5ce hav+ drawn him also f ! _w :5 ! "t ( 8 own *ange came4 ,?is 0 ! ,duc de ,roannez1 a "y man ( few] ye>s ?an himself1 :o seems to h possess$ _m attractive qualities4 ,he 0 devot$ to ,pascal--c\ld h>dly 8be> him out ( 8 sight10 z ,m>gu]ite ,pri] says--& ,pascal w>mly return$ 8 fri5d%ip4 ,x seems z if !y _h liv$ toge!r a good deal1 or at lea/ t ,pascal sp5t ! mo/ ( 8 "t ) ! "y ,duke2 & x 0 9 8 h\se & society no d\bt t he ta/$ ! joys & p]ils ( t fa%ionable & luxuri\s life ( :i* 8 si/] speaks s bitt]ly4 #fe;a ,x 0 a life1 aft] all1 ( ?\ghtless enjoym5t r ?an ( any deep] folly4 ,bo? m5 7 z yet v "y--! ,duke only tw5ty-two ye>s ( age1 & ,pascal tw5ty-eight4 ,aft] 8 simple & sev]e tra9+1 & ! society ( 8 ,jans5i/ fri5ds1 x mu/ h be5 a *ange full ( excitem5t1 possibly ( moral dang]1 to ! once en?usia/ic /ud5t2 = ! society ( ! "t 0 *>g$ ) ! elem5ts bo? ( sceptical & moral indiff]5ce4 ,x has be5 ev5 said t 8no society 0 ev] m gr&ly dissolute0 ?an t ( ! ,fronde1 8:5 wom5 l ,la ,b>ette #fe;b & ,la ,c\ronne took ! lead 9 ! lea/ discreet pleasures40 ,among ! m5 :om ,pascal evid5tly met at ! hotel ( ! ,duc de ,roannez1 & ) :om he =m$ some?+ ( a fri5d%ip1 0 ! well-kn[n ,*evali] de ,mr1 :om we "k be/ z a tutor ( ,madame de ,ma9t5on1 & ^: graceful b flippant lett]s /ill survive z a picture ( ! "t4 ,he 0 a gambl] & lib]t9e1 yet ) "s t9cture ( sci5ce & pr(ess$ int]e/ 9 its progress4 ,9 8 correspond5ce !re is a lett] to ,pascal1 9 :i* he makes free 9 a some:at ridicul\s mann] ) ! "y geometrician already s di/+ui%$4 ,o!r names /ill less reputable--^? ( ,miton & ,desb>reaux1 = example--h be5 associat$ ) ,pascal dur+ ?is p]iod4 ,miton 0 und\bt$ly an intimate ally ( ,de ,mr1 & amid/ all 8 dissolut5ess1 made pret5sions to sci5tific k & atta9m5ts z a writ]4 ,desb>reaux 0 a companion ( bo?1 b ( a /ill l[] grade--a man ( op5 pr(ligacy1 & a despis] ( ! rites ( ! ,*ur*4 ,along ) ,miton & o!r boon companions1 he is spok5 ( z betak+ himself to ,/ ,cl\d = c>nival dur+ ! ,holy ,week4 #ff ,! tru? w\ld seem to be t all ^! m5 came across ,pascal's pa? at ?is "t1 & 7 m or less kn[n to him4 ,8 allusions to bo? ,miton & ,desb>reaux 9 ! ,p5ses imply ?is4 ,!re is a c]ta9 famili>ity ( k indicat$ 9 ! v he>t9ess ) :i* he assails !m--speak+ ( ,miton z 8hateful10 #fg;a & ( ,desb>reaux z hav+ r5\nc$ reason & made himself a 8brute40 #fg;b ,b x is aga9/ all probability1 no less ?an aga9/ all ! facts kn[n to u1 to suppose t ,pascal _h m connection ) su* m5 ?an meet+ !m 9 ! society 9 :i* he mov$ dur+ ^! ye>s1 & becom+ well acqua9t$ ) ! intellectual & moral atmosph]e :i* !y brea!d4 ,x may be too mu* to say1 ) ,faugre1 t he 0 !n consci\sly imbib+ ! exp]i5ce to be aft]w>ds utilis$ 9 8 great "w1 or t x 0 ! pr9ciples pr(ess$ by ^! m5 :i* gave him ! fir/ idea ( su* a "w2 b we may c]ta9ly say t ! k ( !m1 z well z all ! k he acquir$ at ?is "t1 s]v$ to deep5 & ext5d 8 moral intuitions1 & to give a f9] po9t to _m ( 8 ,?\ghts4 ,& no /ud5t ( ,pascal c d\bt t 8if 8 feet t\*$ = a mom5t ! dirt ( ?is dissolute society1 8 div9e w+s rema9$ unsoil$40 #fg;c ,a m int]e/+ po9t ?an any1 h[ev]1 /ill rema9s 9 connection ) ?is p]iod ( 8 life4 ,x 0 n[1 or soon aft]1 t ,pascal mu/ h compos$ ! 8,disc\rs sur les ,passions de l',am\r10 "o ( ! mo/ exquisite fragm5ts :i* h come f 8 p51--rem>kable bo? 9 itself & 9 ! circum/ances ( its discov]y by ,m4 ,c\s9 ab\t ?irty ye>s ago4 ,m4 ,c\s9 has himself relat$ ^! circum/ances 9 m9ute detail1 & ) a c]ta9 self-elation4 #fg;d ,accord+ to ,m4 ,faugre1 !re 0 no p>ticul> difficulty1 & !re=e no p>ticul> m]it1 9 ! discov]y4 ,! fragm5t 0 cle>ly index$ 9 a catalogue ( ! ,pascal ,,mss4 9 ! well-kn[n ,/ate libr>y ( ,p>is z foll[s3 8,disc\rs sur les ,passions de l',am\r1 p> ,m4 ,pascal10 & aga9 9 ! body ( ! volume ! fragm5t 0 entitl$1 8,disc\rs1 etc41 on l'attribue ,m4 ,pascal40 ,! g5u95ess ( ! fragm5t seems admitt$ on all h&s4 8,9 ! fir/ l9e10 says ,c\s91 8,i felt ,pascal1 & my conviction ( its au?or%ip grew z ,i proce$$--8 ard5t & l(ty mann]1 half ?\ght1 half passion1 & t spee* s f9e & gr&1 an acc5t :i* ,i w\ld recognise among/ a ?\s&40 #fh;a 8,! s\l & ?\ght ( ,pascal10 says ,faugre1 8%9e ev]y:]e 9 ! pages1 /eep$ 9 a melan*oly at once *a/e & ard5t40 #fh;b ,! foll[+ extracts may give "s idea ( ?is rem>kable pap]4 ,x comm5ces 9 an ab/ract1 aphori/ic mann] n uncommon ) ,pascal3-- 8,man is born to ?9k2 he is nev] a mom5t )\t ?9k+4 ,b pure ?\ght1 :i*1 if x c\ld be su/a9$1 w\ld make him happy1 fatigues & pro/rates him4 ,he c\ld n live a life ( m]e ?\ght2 movem5t & action are necess>y to him4 ,he mu/ be agitat$ by ! passions1 ^: s\rces he feels deep & /rong 9 8 he>t4 ,! passions mo/ *>act]i/ic ( man1 & :i* embrace mo/ o!rs1 are love & ambition4 ,!y h no aff9ity1 yet !y are (t5 unit$2 toge!r1 !y t5d to weak5 if n de/roy ea* o!r4 ,= h[ev] gr& ! human _s1 x is only capable at once ( "o great passion4 ,:5 love & ambition meet1 ea* !re=e falls %ort ( :at x w\ld o!rwise be4 ,age det]m9es nei!r ! beg9n+ nor ! end ( ^! two passions4 ,!y are born ) ! fir/ ye>s1 !y cont9ue (t5 to ! la/40 8,man f9ds no full scope = love 9 himself1 yet he loves4 ,x is necess>y1 !re=e1 = him to seek an object ( love else:]e4 ,?is he c only f9d 9 beauty4 ,b z he himself is ! mo/ beautiful creature t ,god has made1 he mu/ f9d 9 himself ! type ( t beauty :i* he seeks else:]e4 ,?is def9es & embodies itself 9 ! diff]5ce ( sex4 ,a woman is ! highe/ =m ( beauty4 ,end[$ ) m9d1 %e is its liv+ & m>vell\s p]sonation4 ,if a beautiful woman wi%es to please1 %e w always succe$4 ,! fasc9ations ( beauty 9 su* a case nev] fail to captivate1 :atev] man may d to resi/ !m4 ,!re is a spot 9 e he>t :i* !y rea*40 8,love is ( no age2 x is always be+ born4 ,! poets tell u s1 & h5ce we repres5t x z a *ild4 ,x creates intellig5ce1 & fe$s ^u intellig5ce4 4 4 4 ,we exhau/ our p[] ( gratify+ x e day1 & yet e day x is necess>y to r5ew its gratification40 8,man 9 solitude is an incomplete be+2 he ne$s companion%ip = happ9ess4 ,he seeks ?is commonly 9 a l condition ) 8 own1 because habits ( desire & opportunity 9 su* a case are mo/ readily f\nd by him4 ,b sometimes he fixes 8 affections on an object f> beyond 8 rank1 & ! flame burns ! m int5sely t he is =c$ to conceal x 9 8 own bosom4 ,:5 we love "o ( elevat$ condition1 ambition may at fir/ coexi/ ) affection4 ,b love soon becomes ! ma/]4 ,x is a tyrant :i* suff]s no rival2 x mu/ reign alone4 ,e o!r emotion mu/ subs]ve & obey its dictates4 ,a high atta*m5t fills ! he>t m completely ?an a common & equal "o4 ,small ?+s are c>ri$ away 9 ! great capacity ( love40 8,! pleasure ( lov+1 )\t d>+ to say any?+ ( "o's love1 has its pa9s1 b also its sweetnesses4 ,) :at transport d we regulate all our actions ) ! view ( pleas+ "o :om we inf9itely value6 4 4 4 ,! fulness ( love sometimes langui%es1 receiv+ no succ\r f ! belov$ object4 ,!n we fall into mis]y2 & ho/ile passions1 ly+ 9 wait = ! he>t1 te> x 9 a ?\s& pieces4 ,b anon a ray ( hope--! v lea/ x may be--raises u z high z ev]4 ,sometimes ?is comes f m]e dalliance1 b sometimes also f an hone/ pity4 ,h[ happy su* a mom5t :5 x comes60 8,! fir/ effect ( love is to inspire a great respect4 ,we rev]e :om we really love4 ,?is is "r1 & we "k no?+ 9 ! _w s gr& z ?is4 4 4 4 ,9 love we =get =tune1 p>5ts1 fri5ds1 & ! reason ( ?is is t we imag9e we ne$ no?+ else ?an ! object ( our love4 ,! he>t is full2 !re is no room = c>e nor disquietude4 ,passion is !n necess>ily 9 excess2 !re is a pl5itude 9 x :i* resi/s ! comm5cem5t ( reflection4 ,yet love & reason are n to be oppos$1 & love has always reason ) x1 al?\gh x implies a precipitation ( ?\ght :i* c>ries u away )\t due exam9ation4 ,o!rwise we %\ld be v disagreeable ma*9es4 ,d n exclude reason f love1 !re=e2 !y are truly insep>able4 ,! poets are wrong 9 repres5t+ love z bl9d4 ,x is necess>y to take away 8 veil1 & give him h5ce=? ! joy ( sight40 8,x is n m]ely ! result ( cu/om1 b a dictate ( nature1 t man %\ld make ! fir/ advances 9 love4 4 4 4 ,great s\ls require an inundation ( passion to di/urb & fill !m2 b :5 !y beg9 to love1 !y love supremely4 4 4 4 ,:5 we are away f ! object ( our love we resolve to d & say _m ?+s1 b :5 we are pres5t we hesitate4 ,! explanation is1 t at a di/ance ! reason is undi/urb$1 b 9 pres5ce ( ! belov$ object x is /rangely mov$4 ,9 love we fe> to haz>d le/ we lose all4 ,x is necess>y to advance1 yet :o c tell to :at po9t8 ,we tremble always till we rea* ?is po9t1 & yet prud5ce does n help u to keep x :5 we h f\nd x4 4 4 4 ,!re is no?+ s emb>rass+ z to be 9 love1 & see some?+ 9 our fav\r )\t d>+ to believe 9 x4 ,hope & fe> rage )9 u1 & ! la/ too (t5 triumphs40 ,! "q arises1 ,:at int]pretation are we to put on ^! *a/e yet gl[+ s5t5ces8 ,x seems h>dly possible to believe t !y 7 n p5n$ out ( "s real exp]i5ce4 ,pascal 0 n ! man to busy himself 9 writ+ an imag9>y essay on su* a subject4 ,no?+ c be conceiv$ less l ! sket* ( a m]e moral analy/ /&+ outside ! passion he describes4 ,!re may be a t5d5cy "h & !re to ov]-analysis1 & to ! balanc+ ( anti!ses n[ on "o side & n[ on ! o!r2 b !re is ! brea? ( true passion all ?r\gh ! piece1 & t\*+1 z ) fire1 _m ( its _m f9e utt]ances4 ,:o 0 !n1 conceivably1 ! object ( ,pascal's affections8 ,we h x on ! au?ority ( 8 niece t at ?is "t1 :5 he liv$ s mu* z ! companion ( ! ,duc de ,roannez1 he contemplat$ m>ry+ & settl+ 9 ! _w4 #ga ,?is1 & ! indications ( ! piece itself1 h l$ to ! conjecture t he 0 9 love ) ! si/] ( 8 fri5d4 ,*>lotte ,g\ffi] de ,roannez 0 !n ab\t sixte5 ye>s ( age1 end[$ ) captivat+ graces ( =m & mann]1 animat$ by a sweet intellig5ce & by t *>m ( spiritual sympa?y s likely to prove attractive to a man l ,pascal4 ,occupy+ rooms 9 ! h\se ( 8 fri5d1 :o1 we h se51 c\ld n be> him out ( 8 sight1 ,pascal & ,mademoiselle de ,roannez 7 necess>ily mu* 9 ea* o!r's society4 ,:at s natural z t he %\ld fall 9 love1 & ov]look+ all disp>ity ( rank1 *]i% ! secret hope ( a union ) "o s gift$ & beautiful8--or :y may n ambition h m+l$ ) 8 love1 z he himself implies1 & c>ri$ him = a "t into a dreaml& f :i* all %ad[s fell away8 ,x is impossible to d m ?an =m conjectures 9 su* a matt]4 ,to ,m4 ,faugre no?+ seems m probable4 ,m4 ,c\s9 res5ts ! supposition z d]ogatory to ,pascal1 & z utt]ly inconsi/5t ) ! usages ( ! age ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,b ev5 7 x impossible1 accord+ to ! usages ( ! "t1 t ,pascal %\ld h ev] m>ri$ ,mademoiselle de ,roannez1 ?is is no pro( t he may n h fall5 9 love ) h]4 ,!re is mu* 9 ?is pap] t fav\rs ! idea1 t :ile ,pascal lov$ deeply he yet nev] told 8 love2 & ! social ob/acles1 :i* = a "t may h seem$ to him surm\ntable1 at la/ may h %ut out all hope f 8 he>t4 ,_m causes might unite to d ?is1 ev5 suppos+ 8 love 0 return$4 ,x is c]ta9 t he cont9u$ ! w>m fri5d1 n only ( ! ,duc de ,roannez1 b ( 8 si/]2 & 9 aft]-ye>s a correspond5ce 0 e/abli%$ betwixt !m imply+ ! highe/ degree ( mutual e/eem & confid5ce4 ,we h only ! lett]s ( ,pascal2 no?+ is kn[n ( ^? ( ,mademoiselle de ,roannez2 ! rigidity ( ! ,jans5i/ copyi/s h giv5 u only extracts ev5 ( ! =m]4 ,all trace ( e>?ly passion1 if x ev] exi/$1 has gone f ! pi\s page 9 :i* ! ,jans5i/ sa9t sets =? 8 exhortations4 ,yet x argues no common int]e/1 t ,pascal %\ld pause 9 ! mid/ ( 8 conflict ) ! ,jesuits to advise & direct 8 =m] companion2 & ,faugre pr(esses t ev5 be=e he _h read ! #8,disc\rs' he c\ld trace a 8t5d] solicitude0--m ?an ! m]e impulse ( ,*ri/ian *>ity--b5ea? all ! grave sev]ity ( 8 religi\s phrases4 ,! fate ( ,mademoiselle de ,roannez 0 n a happy "o4 ,aft] vacillat+ = "s "t betwe5 ! cloi/] & ! _w--obey+ ! guidance ( ,pascal1 ei!r directly or ?r\gh ,madame ,pri]1 & ev5 pass+ ?r\gh h] novitiate at ,port ,royal ) 8extraord9>y f]v\r0--%e 0 p]suad$ to m>ry & become ! ,du*esse de la ,feuillade4 ,b h] m>riage prov$ un=tunate4 ,h] *ildr5 di$ "y2 h] own heal? broke d[n2 %e h]self at l5g? di$ "u an op]ation1 bequea?+ a legacy to ,port ,royal1 :i* _h rema9$ entw9$ ) all de>e/ associations4 ,:e!r ,pascal & %e _h lov$ ea* o!r or n1 ?is sacr$ ,home b\nd _! be/ ?\ghts toge!r1 & s]ves to recall _! highe/ aspirations4 ,x falls to u n[ to describe h[ ,port ,royal claim$ ! he>t ( ,pascal1 & call$ =? ! *ief activities ( 8 rema9+ ye>s4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,port ,,royal ,,& ,,pascal',s ,,lat] ,,ye>s4 ,:atev] day-dreams ,pascal may h *]i%$1 8,god call$ him10 z 8 si/] says1 8to a great p]fection40 ,x 0 n 9 8 nature to be satisfi$ ) ei!r ! en*antm5ts or ! ambitions ( ! _w4 ,all ! :ile t he mix$ 9 ! luxuri\s society ( ,p>is1 & seem$ m]ely "o ( its ?\ghtless ?rong1 !re 7 ?robs )9 him ( a high] life :i* c\ld n be /ill$4 ,8 consci5ce reproa*$ him cont9ually amid/ all 8 amusem5ts1 & left him uneasy ev5 9 ! mo/ exult+ mom5ts ( ! love t fill$ 8 he>t4 ,?is is no hypo!tical picture1 b "o sugge/$ by himself 9 conv]sation ) 8 si/]4 ,%e tells u f h] retreat h[ h] bro!r came to see h]1 fasc9at$ by ! /eadfa/ness ( h] fai?1 9 contra/ ) 8 own indiff]5ce & vacillation4 ,=m]ly x 0 8 zeal :i* _h drawn h] to high] ?\ghts4 ,n[ x is ! attraction ( h] piety :i* sways him1 & leaves him unhappy amid/ all ! s$uctions ( ! society 9 :i* he m+les4 8,god made use ( my si/]10 says ,madame ,pri]1 8= ! great design1 z ,he _h =m]ly made use ( my bro!r1 :5 ,he desir$ to )draw my si/] f h] engagem5ts 9 ! _w40 ,! sev]e ,jacquel9e tells ) unfalt]+ brea? ! /ory ( h] bro!r's spiritual anxieties4 ,%e _h ceas$ h]self to h any worldly ?\ghts4 8,%e l$10 says ,madame ,pri]1 8a life s holy1 t %e edifi$ ! :ole h\se3 & 9 ?is /ate x 0 a special pa9 to h] to see "o to :om %e felt h]self indebt$1 "u ,god1 = ! grace :i* %e enjoy$1 no long] himself 9 possession ( ^! graces3 & z %e saw my bro!r frequ5tly1 %e spoke to him (t51 & f9ally ) su* =ce & sweetness1 t %e p]suad$ him1 z he _h at fir/ p]suad$ h]1 absolutely to ab&on ! _w40 ,writ+ to h] si/] on ! #be? ( ,janu>y #afee1 %e says t ,pascal came to see h] at ! end ( ! previ\s ,septemb]4 8,at ?is visit he op5$ himself to me 9 su* a mann] z mov$ my pity1 confess+ t 9 ! mid/ ( 8 excit+ occupations1 & ( s _m ?+s fitt$ to make him love ! _w--to :i* we _h e reason to ?9k him /rongly atta*$--he 0 yet =cibly mov$ to quit all2 bo? by an extreme av]sion to its follies & amusem5ts1 & by ! cont9ual reproa* made by 8 consci5ce4 ,he felt himself deta*$ f 8 surr\nd+s 9 su* a mann] z he _h nev] felt be=e1 or ev5 approa*+ to x2 yet1 o!rwise1 he 0 9 su* ab&onm5t t !re 0 no movem5t 9 8 he>t to ,god4 ,?\gh he s\ght ,him ) all 8 p[]1 he felt t x 0 m 8 own reason & _s t mov$ him t[>ds :at he knew to be be/1 ?an any movem5t ( ! ,div9e ,_s4 ,if he only _h ! ,div9e s5tim5ts he once _h1 he believ$ himself1 9 8 pres5t /ate ( deta*m5t1 capable ( und]tak+ ev]y?+4 ,x mu/ be1 !re=e1 "s wret*$ ties #gf :i* /ill held him back1 & made him resi/ ! movem5ts ( ! ,div9e ,_s4 ,! confession surpris$ me z mu* z x gave me joy2 & !nce=? ,i conceiv$ hopes t ,i _h nev] _h1 & ?\ght ,i mu/ communicate ) y 9 ord] to induce y to pray on 8 behalf4 ,if ,i 7 to relate all ! o!r visits 9 detail1 ,i %\ld be oblig$ to write a volume2 = s9ce !n !y h be5 s frequ5t & s long1 t ,i 0 wellnigh engross$ by !m4 ,i conf9$ myself to wat*+ 8 mood )\t attempt+ unduly to influ5ce him2 & gradually ,i saw him s gr[+ 9 grace t ,i w\ld h>dly h kn[n him4 ,i believe y w h ! same difficulty1 if ,god cont9ues ,8 "w2 especially 9 su* wond]ful humility1 submission1 diffid5ce1 self-contempt1 & desire to be no?+ 9 ! e/eem & memory ( m54 ,su* he is at pres5t4 ,god alone kn[s :at a day w br+ =?40 ,f9ally1 aft] _m visits & /ruggles ) himself1 especially z to 8 *oice ( a spiritual guide1 he became an inmate ( ,port ,royal des ,granges1 "u ! guidance ( ,m4 de ,saci4 ,! que/ions betwixt him & 8 si/] z to 8 selection ( a confessor or director are v curi\s1 reveal+1 z !y d1 ! quiet self-possess$ decision ( ! "o1 ! scruples ( ! o!r1 & ! pr\d self-respect ( bo?4 ,z to "o ( ,pascal's difficulties1 %e says1 )\t misgiv+--8,i saw cle>ly t ?is 0 only a remnant ( indep5d5ce hidd5 9 ! dep? ( 8 he>t1 :i* arm$ itself ) e weapon to w>d (f a submission :i* yet 9 8 /ate ( feel+ mu/ be p]fect40 ,m4 ,s+l9 0 will+ to assi/ ! si/] ) 8 advice1 b 0 reluctant himself1 9 8 weak /ate ( heal?1 to assume full responsibilities t[>ds ! bro!r4 ,jacquel9e h]self appe>$ to him ! be/ director h] bro!r c\ld h = ! "t2 & !re is a *>m+ bl5d+ ( humility & yet assumption 9 ! mann] 9 :i* %e relates ?is1 & speaks ( 8our new conv]t40 ,b f9ally !re is f\nd 9 ,m4 de ,saci a director 8) :om he is delight$1 = he comes ( a good /ock0 7dont x e/ t\t ravi1 aussi e/-il de bonne race74 ,pascal fir/ s\ght retirem5t 9 a resid5ce ( 8 own 9 ! c\ntry4 ,x is p>ticul>ly m5tion$ among/ ! reasons = 8 )drawal f ,p>is1 t ! ,duc de ,roannez1 8:o engag$ him almo/ entirely10 0 ab\t to return !re4 ,unable to f9d ev]y?+ to 8 wi%1 h[ev]1 9 8 own h\se1 8he obta9$ a *amb] or little cell among ! ,solit>ies ( ,port ,royal10 f :i* he wrote to 8 si/] ) extreme joy t he 0 lodg$ & treat$ l a pr9ce1 8accord+ to ,/ ,b]n>d's judgm5t ( :at x 0 to be a pr9ce40 ,x is /ill ,jacquel9e's p5 :i* reports all ?is to ,madame ,pri]4 ,%e cont9ues 9 ! same lett]3-- 8,he jo9s 9 e (fice ( ! ,*ur* f ,prime to ,compl9e1 )\t feel+ ! slighte/ inconv5i5ce 9 ris+ at five o'clock 9 ! morn+2 & z if x 0 ! w ( ,god t he %\ld jo9 fa/+ to wat*+1 9 defiance ( all ! m$ical prescriptions :i* _h =bidd5 him bo? ! "o & ! o!r1 he f\nd t supp] disagre$ ) him1 & 0 ab\t to give x up40 #gg ,su* is ! /ory ( ,pascal's f9al conv]sion & retirem5t f ! _w4 ,jacquel9e's details fill 9 ! brief] sket* ( ,madame ,pri]1 & bo? tell ! /ory at fir/ h&4 ,none c\ld h kn[n s well z !y did all ! circum/ances4 ,x is rem>kable1 !re=e1 t nei!r ( !m says any?+ ( ! well-kn[n incid5t1 emphasis$ by ,bossut z ! ma9ly excit+ cause ( 8 great *ange3-- 8,"o day10 x is said1 89 ! mon? ( ,octob] #afed1 :5 he w5t1 accord+ to 8 habit1 to take 8 drive to ! bridge ( ,neuilly 9 a c>riage & f\r1 ! two lead+ horses became re/ive at a "p ( ! road :]e !re 0 a p>apet1 & precipitat$ !mselves into ! ,se9e4 ,=tunately1 ! fir/ /rokes ( _! feet broke ! traces :i* atta*$ !m to ! pole1 & ! c>riage 0 /ay$ on ! br9k ( ! precipice4 ,! effect ( su* a %ock on "o ( ,pascal's feeble heal? may be imag9$4 ,he swoon$ away1 & 0 only re/or$ ) difficulty1 & 8 n]ves 7 s %att]$ t long aft]w>ds1 dur+ sleepless nights & dur+ mom5ts ( weakness1 he seem$ to see a precipice at 8 b$side1 ov] :i* he 0 on ! po9t ( fall+40 ,?is al>m+ incid5t1 :i* comes f ne>ly contempor>y tradition1 no d\bt contribut$ to ,pascal's retirem5t f ! _w1 & no less probably also a /range vision he _h at ?is "t1 to :i* we %all aft]w>ds adv]t4 ,b x is peculi>ly int]e/+ to trace ! inn] hi/ory ( ,pascal's great *ange4 ,evid5tly1 f :at 8 si/] says1 8 m9d _h be5 = "s "t v ill at ease 9 ! great _w 9 :i* he liv$4 ,h[ f> ?is 0 ! work+ ( 8 old religi\s convictions cont9ually r5ew+ _! influ5ce ?r\gh ! conv]sation ( 8 si/]1 h[ f> x 0 m]e we>9ess & disgu/ ) ! frivolities ( fa%ionable life1 & h[ f> x may h be5 baffl$ hope & ! dis5*antm5ts ( a brok5 dream ( love1 we _c cle>ly tell4 ,all may h mov$ him1 & br\ght him to t /range /ate ( isolation :i* %e describes f 8 own acc\nt4 ,b pla9ly ! _w-we>9ess prec$$ ! fre% dawn ( div9e /r5g? 9 8 he>t2 & !re is a tone ( hopelessness 9 speak+ ( 8 deta*m5t f all ! ?+s surr\nd+ him1 :i* fav\rs ! ?\ght t "s new & unwont$ sm>t _h ent]$ into 8 life1 & driv5 him =? to ! quiet %elt]1 :]e at l5g? he f\nd 8 old peace ) ,god1 & ! great mission to :i* ,god _h call$ him4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! mona/]y ( ,port ,royal1 9 :i* 8 si/] _h already f\nd a home1 rema9s indelibly associat$ ) ,pascal4 ,x 0 f\nd$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 9 ! reign ( ,philip ,augu/us2 & a lat] tradition claim$ ?is magnific5t mon>* z ! au?or ( its f\ndation & ( its "n4 ,x is said t "o day he w&]$ into ! fam\s valley dur+ ! *ase1 & became lo/ 9 its woods1 :5 he 0 at l5g? discov]$ ne> to an anci5t *apel ( ,/ ,lawr5ce1 :i* 0 mu* frequ5t$ by ! dev\t ( ! neighb\rhood1 & t1 grateful because ! place _h be5 to him a ,port ,royal or royal refuge1 he resolv$ to build a *ur* !re4 ,b ?is is ! /ory ( a "t :51 z x has be5 said1 8royal f\nd]s 7 9 fa%ion40 ,m truly1 ! "n is consid]$ to be d]iv$ f ! g5]al designation ( ! fief or di/rict 9 :i* ! valley lies1 ,porrois--:i*1 aga91 is suppos$ to be a corruption ( ,porra or ,borra1 mean+ a m>%y & woody holl[4 ,! valley ( ,port ,royal pres5ts to ?is day ! same natural features :i* attract$ ! eye ( ! dev\t solit>y 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,"s ye>s ago ,i paid a long-wi%$-= visit to x4 ,x lies ab\t eighte5 miles we/ ( ,p>is1 & sev5 or eight f ,v]sailles1 on ! road to ,*evreuse4 ,z ! travell] approa*es x f ,v]sailles1 ! long l9es ( a level & some:at dre>y road1 only reliev$ by r[s ( tall popl>-trees1 break into a m picturesque c\ntry4 ,an antique m\ld]+ village1 ) qua9t little *ur*1 its grey li*5-m>k$ /ones bright5$ by ! w>m sun%9e ( a ,septemb] day1 & ! /raggl+ v9es droop+ _! pale du/y leaves ov] ! cottage-doors1 made a welcome v>iety 9 ! monoton\s l&scape4 ,h[ hazy yet *e]ful 0 ! brightness 9 :i* ! poor mean h\ses seem$ to sleep6 ,aft] ?is ! road swept d[n a long declivity1 cr[n$ on "o side by an irregul> outl9e ( wood1 & pres5t+ "h & !re brok5 & dilapidat$ traces ( =m] habitations4 ,! fam\s valley ( ,port ,royal lay be=e u4 ,x 0 a quiet & peaceful yet gloomy sc5e4 ,! seclusion 0 p]fect4 ,no hum ( *e]ful indu/ry enliv5$ ! desolate space4 ,an air r z ( long-cont9u$ neglect re/$ on ru9$ g>d5 & t]races1 on f>mh\se & dovecot1 & ! rema9s z ( a *apel ne>] at h&4 ,! m m9utely ! eye took 9 ! sc5e1 ! m sad seem$ its wa/$ recesses & ! few monum5ts ( its dep>t$ glories4 ,! /illness z ( a buri$ pa/ lay all ab\t1 & x requir$ an ef=t ( imag9ation to p ! valley ) ! sacr$ activities ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,a r\gh wood5 enclosure has be5 erect$ on ! site ( ! high alt> surm\nt$ by a cross4 ,x conta9$ a few memorials1 among/ ! mo/ t\*+ ( :i* 7 simple portraits ( ,arnauld1 ,le ,maitre1 ,de ,saci1 ,quesnel1 ,nicole1 ,pascal1 ! ,mre ,anglique1 ! ,mre ,agns1 ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 & ,dr ,hanlon ! physician4 ,two portraits ( ! ,mre ,agns p>ticul>ly impress$ me4 ,! l9es ( ! face 7 exquisitely t\*+ 9 _! g5tle brav]y & pati5ce4 ,z ,i look$ at ! noble & sweet c\nt5ances gr\p$ on ! b>e unadorn$ walls1 ! sacr$ memories ( ! place rose vividly be=e my m9d4 ,x 0 "h alone t ! recluses f ! neighb\r+ ,grange met ! sa9t$ si/]hood1 & m+l$ ) !m ! pray]s & te>s ( p5it5ce4 ,o!rwise !y dwelt ap>t1 ea* 9 dilig5t privacy1 int5t on _! works ( education or ( *>ity4 ,all ! ru9 & decay & some:at dre>y sadness ( ! sc5e c\ld n weak5 my s5se ( ! beautiful life ( ?\ght & fai? & hope & love t _h once brea!d !re2 & nev] be=e _h ,i felt s deeply ! endur+ reality ( ! spiritual h]oism & self-sacrifice1 ! glory ( suff]+ & ( goodness1 t _h made ! spot s memorable4 ,! mona/]y 0 f\nd$1 n by ,philip ,augu/us1 b by ,mat?ieu1 fir/ ,"l ( ,m>li1 a y\ng] son ( ! noble h\se ( ,montmor5cy4 ,hav+ =m$ ! design ( accompany+ ! crusade proclaim$ by ,innoc5t ,,iii4 to ! ,holy ,l&1 he left at ! disposal ( 8 wife1 ,ma?ilde de ,g>l&e1 & 8 k9sman1 ! ,bi%op ( ,p>is1 a sum ( money to devote to "s pi\s "w 9 8 abs5ce4 ,!y agre$ to apply x to ! erection ( a mona/]y = nuns 9 ?is seclud$ valley1 t _h already acquir$ a reputation = sanctity 9 connection ) ! old *apel d$icat$ to ,/ ,lawr5ce1 :i* attract$ l>ge numb]s ( wor%ipp]s4 ,! f\ndations ( ! *ur* & mona/]y 7 laid 9 #abjd4 ,!y 7 design$ by ! same ar*itect :o built ! ,ca!dral ( ,ami5s1 & ere long ! graceful & beautiful /ructures 7 se5 ris+ 9 ! wild]ness4 ,! nuns belong$ to ! ,ci/]cian ord]4 ,_! dress 0 :ite wooll51 ) a black veil2 b aft]w>ds !y adopt$ z _! di/9ctive badge a l>ge sc>let cross on _! :ite scapul>y1 z ! symbol ( ! 8,in/itute ( ! ,holy ,sacram5t40 ,! abbey und]w5t ! usual hi/ory ( su* in/itutions4 ,di/+ui%$ at fir/ by ! /rictness ( its discipl9e & ! piety ( its inmates1 x became gradually corrupt$ ) increas+ weal?1 till1 9 ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 x _h gr[n notori\s = gross & sc&al\s abuses4 ,! rev5ues 7 squ&]$ 9 luxury2 ! nuns did :at !y lik$2 & ! extravagances & dissipations ( ! _w 7 repeat$ amid/ ! solitudes :i* _h be5 consecrat$ to devotion4 ,b at l5g? its revival arose out ( "o ( ! mo/ obvi\s abuses connect$ ) x4 ,! patronage ( ! in/itution1 l t ( o!rs1 _h be5 di/ribut$ )\t any reg>d to ! fitness ( ! occupants1 ev5 to girls ( immature age4 ,9 ?is mann] ! abbey ( ,port ,royal accid5tally fell to ! lot ( "o :o 0 de/9$ by h] ard5t piety to brea! a new life into x1 & by h] indomitable & l(ty g5ius to give x an undy+ reputation4 ,jacquel9e ,m>ie ,arnauld--bett] kn[n by h] (ficial "n1 ,la ,mre ,anglique--0 appo9t$ abbess ( ,port ,royal :5 %e 0 only eight ye>s ( age4 ,%e 0 desc5d$ f a di/+ui%$ family belong+ orig9ally to ! old noblesse ( ,prov5ce1 b :i* _h migrat$ to ,auv]gne & settl$ !re4 ,( vigor\s heal?9ess1 bo? m5tal & physical1 ! ,arnaulds _h already acquir$ a m]it$ position & "n 9 ! annals ( ,france4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury x f\nd its way to ,p>is 9 ! p]son ( ,anto9e ,arnauld1 ,seigneur de la ,mo!1 ! gr&fa!r ( ! h]o9e ( ,port ,royal4 ,m4 de la ,mo!1 z he 0 commonly call$1 0 end[$ ) ! en]getic w1 & ) m ?an ! usual tal5ts1 ( 8 family4 ,he 0 specially kn[n z ,procureur-gnral to ,ca!r9e de ,mdicis2 b1 z he himself said1 he wore 8a soldi]'s coat z well z a lawy]'s robe40 ,he 0 a ,hugu5ot1 & ne>ly p]i%$ 9 ! ,b>?olomew massacre4 ,he _h eight sons1 e "o ( :om m or less a*iev$ di/9ction 9 ! s]vice ( _! c\ntry2 b 8 second son & namesake peculi>ly inh]it$ 8 fa!r's legal tal5ts1 & became 8 successor 9 ! (fice ( ,procureur-gnral4 ,he m ?an rivall$ 8 fa!r's =5sic success2 & _m traditions survive ( 8 great eloqu5ce1 & ( ! pre-em95t ability ) :i* he plead$ on behalf ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,p>is = ! expulsion ( ! ,jesuits f ,france1 "u suspicion ( hav+ in/igat$ an attempt on ! life ( ,h5ri ,,iv4 9 #aeic4 ,?is great ef=t has be5 call$ ! 8orig9al s90 ( ! ,arnauld family aga9/ ! ,jesuit ord]1 :i* 0 nev] =giv54 ,8 eloqu5ce produc$ su* an impression1 t x is said ! judges rose 9 _! seats to li/5 to 8 spee*1 :ile cr[ds assembl$ at ! clos$ doors ( ! ,c\rt to cat* its p>tial e*oes4 ,& yet1 l "s o!r great spee*es1 x _c n[ be read )\t we>9ess4 ,anto9e ,arnauld m>ri$ ! y\?ful daught] ( ,m4 ,m>ion1 ! ,avocat-gnral1 :o became a "m :ile /ill only a girl ( fifte51 b :o grew into a noble & l>ge-he>t$ woman1 full ( de$s ( piety & *>ity4 ,9 all1 ! c\ple _h tw5ty *ildr51 & felt1 z may be imag9$1 ! pressure ( provid+ = s _m4 ,out ( ?is pressure came ! rem>kable lot ( two ( ! daught]s4 ,! b5efices ( ! ,*ur* 7 a fruitful field ( provision1 & ! avocat-gnral1 ! mat]nal gr&fa!r ( ! *ildr51 _h l>ge ecclesia/ical influ5ce4 ,! result 0 ! appo9tm5t n only ( "o daught] to ! abbey ( ,port ,royal1 b also ( a y\ng] si/]1 ,agns1 only six ye>s ( age1 to ! abbey ( ,/ ,cyr1 ab\t six miles di/ant f ,port ,royal4 ,difficulties1 n )\t reason1 7 f\nd 9 obta9+ ! papal sanction to su* appo9tm5ts2 b ^! 7 at la/ ov]come by means1 x is said1 m cr$itable to ,m4 ,arnauld's ability ?an to 8 integrity4 ,at ! age ( elev51 9 ! ye> #afjb1 ,anglique 0 in/all$ ,abbess ( ,port ,royal4 ,h] si/] took ! veil at ! age ( sev54 ,unit$ 9 ! nurs]y1 !y _h also sp5t "s mon?s toge!r at ! abbey ( ,/ ,cyr1 9 prep>ation = _! solemn (fice4 ,!y 7 ( m>k$ b v contra/$ *>act]s4 ,! eld] inh]it$ ! /rong w & dom9ant en]gy ( h] race4 ,z yet1 & = "s "t aft]w>ds1 )\t any religi\s bias1 %e contemplat$ h] prospects ) a quiet & pr\d consci\sness ( responsibility4 ,! y\ng] si/] 0 ( a s(t] & m submissive nature4 ,%e %rank f h] high position1 say+ t an abbess _h to answ] to ,god = ! s\ls ( h] nuns1 & %e 0 sure t %e w\ld h en\gh to d to take c>e ( h] own4 ,anglique _h no su* scruples4 ,%e 0 glad to be an abbess1 & 0 resolv$ t h] nuns %\ld ?or\ghly d _! duty4 ,^! say+s h be5 pres]v$ 9 ! memoirs ( ! family1 & are suppos$ to indicate happily ! firm1 p]si/5t _s & legislative capacity ( ! "o si/]1 9 contra/ ) ! passive r ?an active /r5g?1 & mild] yet no less endur+ purpose1 ( ! o!r4 ,! rem>kable /ory ( ,anglique's conv]sion by ! prea*+ ( a ,capuc9 fri> 9 #afjh1 h] /range conte/ ) h] p>5ts :i* foll[$1 ! /r5g!n+ impulses 9 diff]5t directions :i* h] religi\s life receiv$1 fir/ f ! fam\s ,/ ,francis de ,sales1 & f9ally1 & especially1 f ! no less rem>kable ,abb de ,/ ,cyran1 all belong to ! hi/ory ( ,port ,royal1 & _c be detail$ "h4 ,x is a t\*+ & beautiful /ory1 :i* c nev] lose its int]e/4 ,x is only necess>y t we draw att5tion to ! tempor>y removal ( ! ,abbess ) h] nuns to ,p>is 9 ! ye> #afce1 & to ! settlem5t 9 ! valley1 dur+ _! abs5ce f x1 ( ! b& ( ,solit>ies ^: piety & g5ius1 no less ?an ! h]oic devotion ( ! si/]hood1 h %$ su* a glory ar\nd x4 ,x 0 ! spiritual influ5ce ( ,/ ,cyran :i* ov]fl[$ 9 ?is direction4 ,! religi\s g5ius ( ?is rem>kable man1 ( :om we %all speak m p>ticul>ly 9 ! next *apt]1 laid its spell ^u ! social life ar\nd him1 & br\ght to 8 feet "s ( ! mo/ able & di/+ui%$ "y m5 ( ! "t4 ,! eld] bro!r ( ,anglique & ,agns ,arnauld1 kn[n z ,m4 d',&illy1 0 among/ 8 devot$ fri5ds2 & x 0 ?r\gh him t ,/ ,cyran fir/ became connect$ ) ,port ,royal4 ,d',&illy 0 m>ri$1 & a c\rti]--a busy man 9 ! political circles ( 8 day2 b he _h long b[$ be=e ! =ce ( ,/ ,cyran's religi\s convictions1 & f9ally he too ab&on$ ! _w1 & s\ght ! retirem5t ( ,port ,royal1 :i!r ?ree ( 8 nephews _h prec$$ him2 & a y\ng] & yet m di/+ui%$ bro!r1 ! namesake ( 8 fa!r1 soon foll[$ him4 ,x 0 ,d',&illy :o said ( ,/ ,cyran1 8,i 0 "u su* obligations to him t ,i lov$ him m ?an life40 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,/ ,cyran said ( him1 8,he has n ! virtue ( a sa9t or an an*orite1 b ,i "k no man ( 8 condition :o is s solidly virtu\s40 ,! bro!rhood ( ,port ,royal _h its beg9n+ 9 #afcg ) ! conv]sion ( two ( ! nephews ( ,d',&illy & ! ,mre ,anglique1 *ildr5 ( ,arnauld's elde/ daught]1 :o _h m>ri$ unhappily & be5 soon sep>at$ f h] husb&4 ,^! gr&sons ( ,arnauld are kn[n z ,m4 le ,maitre & ,m4 de ,s]c\rt1 ! =m] ( :om1 l 8 ance/ors1 _h greatly di/+ui%$ himself at ! b>4 ,! latt] 0 no less di/+ui%$ z a soldi]4 ,9 ! mid/ ( worldly success1 !y =sook ev]y?+ & gave !mselves to a life ( religi\s retirem5t1 9 :i* !y 7 by-&-by jo9$ by a y\ng] & /ill m rem>kable bro!r1 kn[n z ,m4 de ,saci1 tra9$ = ! ,*ur*1 & already m5tion$ 9 connection ) ,pascal's conv]sion4 ,he became ,pascal's spiritual director1 & held ) him ! fam\s conv]sation on ,epictetus & ,montaigne4 ,to ! same gr\p ( m5 belong$ ,s+l91 ( :om we h he>d s mu* 9 =m] pages1 & ,lancelot & ,fonta9e2 above all1 ,anto9e ,arnauld1 ! y\nge/ ( ! l>ge ,arnauld family1 & ! mo/ indefatigable ( !m all4 ,s+l9 0 a fav\rite ( ,/ ,cyran1 & 8 successor 9 ! (fice ( spiritual director to ! mona/]y1 z ,de ,saci 0 aga9 ! successor ( ,s+l9 9 ! same capacity4 ,he 0 a man ( less ability & k ?an _m ( ! o!rs1 ! son ( a w9e m]*ant1 :o did n beg9 8 religi\s /udies till a comp>atively late p]iod1 b ( a v direct & simple "*1 & well skill$ 9 ! my/]ies ( ! consci5ce1 :i* made him a spiritual p[] 9 ! community4 ,he 0 )al ( s+ul> humility1 & w\ld fa9 h retir$ f ! (fice ( ,confessor :5 ,/ ,cyran 0 set at lib]ty 9 #afdc aft] 8 long imprisonm5t2 b nei!r !n nor aft]w>ds1 on 8 illu/ri\s fri5d's dea?1 0 he all[$ to d s4 ,/ ,cyran w>n$ him t he c\ld n fly f ! duties ( su* a position )\t incurr+ ! guilt ( disob$i5ce4 ,de ,saci seems to h be5 especially rem>kable = 8 quiet self-possession & cauti\s insight into "*4 ,8 bro!r1 ,le ,maitre1 br+s out 9 a curi\s mann] ! contra/ betwe5 8 own impetu\s "* & ! leisurely effici5cy ( ,de ,saci's temp]4 ,z !y sat at _! ev5+ meal--8a v mode/ collation0-- 8,he _h h>dly begun 8 supp] :5 m9e 0 already half dige/$4 4 4 4 ,( quick & w>m disposition1 ,i _h se5 ! end ( my portion almo/ z soon z ! beg9n+2 x rapidly disappe>$2 & z ,i 0 ?9k+ ( ris+ f ! table1 ,i saw my bro!r ,de ,saci1 ) 8 usual coolness & gravity1 take a little piece ( apple1 peel x quietly1 cut x leisurely1 & eat x sl[ly4 ,!n1 aft] hav+ f9i%$1 he rose almo/ z light z he _h sat d[n1 leav+ unt\*$ ne>ly all 8 v mod]ate portion4 ,he w5t away z if he 7 q satisfi$1 & ev5 appe>$ to gr[ fat ^u fa/s40 #hg ,claude ,lancelot 0 ! s*oolma/] ( ! community1 & repres5ts to u p]haps m fully ?an any o!r "n its fam\s sy/em ( education4 ,fonta9e 0 "o ( its *ief memoir writ]s1 f :om we d]ive s mu* ( our k ( ! society2 :ile ! y\ng] ,arnauld1 ( :om we %all aft]w>ds speak1 ,nicole1 & ! subject ( our pres5t sket*1 repres5t its philosophical & lit]>y activity4 ,su* 0 ! company to :i* ,pascal jo9$ himself 9 #afee4 ,!y _h be5 settl$ 9 div]s places1--at fir/1 9 #afcg1 :5 !y 7 /ill only a few disciples ga!r$ ar\nd ,/ ,cyran1 9 ! imm$iate neighb\rhood ( ,port ,royal de ,p>is2 & !n1 :5 driv5 f ?is aft] _! great head's imprisonm5t1 = a %ort "t at a place call$ ,f]t ,milon2 & !n1 f9ally1 9 #afci1 at ,port ,royal des ,*amps4 ,"h !y made a great *ange = ! bett] by _! assidu\s indu/ry4 ,!y dra9$ ! m>%y valley1 cle>$ x ( its ov]gr[? ( bru%wood1 & conv]t$ x into a comp>atively smil+ & salubri\s abode4 ,on ! return ( ! si/]hood f ,port ,royal de ,p>is 9 #afdh1 ! nuns f\nd ! place improv$ beyond _! expectations4 ,! conv5tual build+s _h be5 repair$1 & ! *ur* kept 9 good pres]vation4 ,! bells ( ! *ur* t[] peal$ a welcome2 a l>ge conc\rse ( ! neighb\r+ poor assembl$ 9 ! c\rty>d to greet !m2 :ile ! ,solit>ies--"o ( _! numb]1 a prie/1 be>+ a cross--wait$ at ! *ur* door to ent] ) !m1 & swell ) _! voices ! ,te ,deum ) :i* !y celebrat$ _! return4 ,aft] ?is !y p>t$1 a few ( ! bro!rhood repair+ to a h\se :i* _h be5 tak5 = !m 9 ,p>is1 b o!rs retir+ to ! well-kn[n f>m on ! hill kn[n z ,les ,granges4 ,!re 01 ( c\rse1 ! /ricte/ seclusion ma9ta9$ 9 ! nunn]y1 z be=e1 & ! inmates ( ,les ,granges 7 wellnigh z completely sev]$ f x z ! bre?r5 :o retir$ to ,p>is4 ,! mode ( life ( ! ,solit>ies 0 simple 9 ! highe/ degree4 ,!y wore no di/9ctive dress4 ,_! wants 7 suppli$ by ! b>e/ necess>ies 9 ! %ape ( lodg+ & furniture4 ,f e>ly morn+1 ?ree ,a4,m41 to night1 !y 7 occupi$ 9 works ( piety1 *>ity1 or indu/ry4 ,!y met 9 ! *apel aft] _! private devotions to say mat9s & lauds1 a s]vice :i* occupi$ ab\t an h\r & a half1 aft] :i* !y kiss$ ! e>? 9 tok5 ( a common l[l9ess1 & s\ght ea* 8 own room = a "t4 ,! r\nd ( devotion ?us comm5c$ 0 cont9u$ ) a /eady uni=mity1--,prime at half-pa/ six2 ,ti]ces at n9e1 & aft] ?is a daily ,mass2 ,sexte at elev52 ,nones at two2 ,vesp]s at f\r2 & ,compl9e clos+ ! s]ies at a qu>t]-pa/ sev54 #hi ,! ,gospel & ,epi/les 7 read daily2 & sometimes dur+ or aft] d9n] ! ,lives ( ! ,sa9ts4 ,!y d9$ toge!r2 & a walk !reaft] =m$ ! sole recreation ( ! day4 ,two h\rs 9 ! morn+1 & two 9 ! aft]noon1 7 devot$ to "w 9 ! fields or 9 ! g>d5 by ^? :o 7 able = su* tasks4 ,confession & communion 7 frequ5t1 b no uni=m rule 0 en=c$4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 fa/+ & au/]ities g5]ally1 ea* recluse 0 left to 8 own free w2 &1 z w be se5 9 ,pascal's case1 !re 0 no ne$ to /imulate ! morbid desire = bodily mortification4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x 0 9 ! la/ mon? ( #afed t ,pascal's f9al conv]sion & adhesion to ,port ,royal took place4 ,8 m9d = "s "t be=e _h be5 greatly agitat$1 z already expla9$--fill$ ) disgu/ ( ! _w & all its enjoym5ts4 ,!n _h come ! accid5t at ! ,bridge ( ,neuilly1 & ab\t ! same "t1 or a little lat]1 a rem>kable vision or ec/asy :i* he has himself describ$1 & :i* has giv5 rise to a good deal ( useless speculation4 ,dur+ life he nev] spoke ( ?is matt]1 unless x may h be5 to 8 confessor2 #ij b aft] 8 dea? two copies ( a brief writ+ 7 f\nd ^u him1--! "o writt5 on p>*m5t enclos+ ! o!r writt5 on pap]1 & c>efully /it*$ into ! clo!s t he _h worn day by day4 ,x is beyond "q t ,pascal mu/ h be5 deeply t\*$ by ! ev5t1 :atev] may h be5 its precise nature1 ! memorial ( :i* he _h ?us pres]v$4 ,! footnote %[s ! writ+ 9 ! orig9al1 z pr9t$ by ,m4 ,faugre3 !re are "s v>iations 9 ! copies1 b x seems mo/ correctly giv5 z bel[4 ,x may be translat$ z foll[s3-- 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ye> ( grace #afed4 ,monday #bc;d ,novemb]1 day ( ,/ ,clem5t1 pope & m>tyr1 & o!rs 9 ! m>tyrology4 ,vigil ( ,/ ,*rysogone1 m>tyr & o!rs4 ,f ab\t half-pa/ t5 o'clock 9 ! ev5+ till ab\t half-pa/ twelve4 ,fire4 ,god ( ,abraham1 ,god ( ,isaac1 ,god ( ,jacob1 ,n ( philosoph]s & ( savants4 ,c]titude4 ,c]titude4 ,s5tim5t4 ,joy4 ,peace4 ,god ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ,my ,god & y\r ,god4 ,?y ,god w be my ,god-- ,oblivion ( ! _w & ( all save ,god4 ,he is f\nd only by ! ways taught 9 ! ,gospel4 ,gr&eur ( ! human s\l4 ,j ,fa!r1 ! _w ha? n kn[n ,!e1 b ,i h kn[n ,!e4 ,joy1 joy1 joy1 te>s ( joy4 ,i h sep>at$ myself f ,him-- ,!y h =sak5 ,me1 ! f\nta9 ( liv+ wat]4 ,my ,god1 w y =sake me8-- ,oh1 may ,i n be sep>at$ f ,him et]nally6 ,?is is life et]nal1 t !y "k ,!e ! only true ,god1 & ,him :om ,?\ ha/ s5t1 ,j4-,c4 ,jesus ,*ri/-- ,jesus ,*ri/-- ,i h sep>at$ myself f ,him2 ,i h fl$1 r5\nc$1 crucifi$ ,him4 ,oh t ,i may nev] be sep>at$ f ,him6 ,he is only held fa/ by ! ways taught 9 ! ,gospel4 ,r5unciation total & sweet1 etc4 #ia 99 99 99 99 99 ,x is difficult to make mu* ( ?is docum5t4 ,are we to suppose t ,pascal1 on ! #bc;d ( ,novemb] #afed1 ?\ght he saw a vision1 reveal+ to him ! tru? ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ! vanity ( philosophy & ! _w8 ,ev5 if ,pascal did ?is1 our e/imate ( ! matt] c\ld h>dly be mu* affect$4 ,b !re is no evid5ce t he himself atta*$ a sup]natural "* to ! incid5t4 ,he felt1 no d\bt1 t a real revelation _h come to him1 t 8 m9d _h be5 lift$ 9 spiritual ec/asy away f ! love ( all t = a "t _h hid f him ! pres5ce ( ,god & ( a high] _w4 ,! mom5t ( ?is bless$ exp]i5ce _h be5 sacr$ to him4 ,he _h tri$ to trace x 9 ^! brok5 *>act]s1 & 9 seasons ( d\bt or depression he may h s\ght to awak5 a new f]v\r ( fai? & love by _! contemplation4 ,?is seems all ! natural mean+ ( ! incid5t2 b1 z "s h endeav\r$ to atta* to x a sup]natural importance1 s o!rs1 9 :om ! idea n only ( ! sup]natural b ( ! spiritual only excites contempt1 h tri$ to give to x a purely sup]/iti\s "*4 ,x 0 ,condorcet :o fir/ appli$ to ! pap] ! epi!t ( ,pascal's 8,amulette20 & ,llut has adopt$ ! epi!t1 & writt5 a volume m or less relat+ to x4 ,he supposes ! vision to h occurr$ to ,pascal on ! ev5+ ( ! day :5 ! ev5t at ,neuilly _h upset 8 n]v\s sy/em--always easily di/urb$--& br\ght be=e him a frightful picture ( 8 ali5ation f ,god1 & ! piety ( 8 e>ly manhood4 ,facts m+l$ ) ! dreams ( 8 excit$ imag9ation4 ,he saw ! horses plung+ ov] ! precipice1 & an abyss seem$ to op5 beside him--! abyss ( et]nity2 :51 lo6 f ! dep?s ( ! abyss !re appe>$ a globe ( fire 7un globe de feu7 encircl$ ) ! ,cross2 & ! irresi/ible impulse 0 /irr$ 9 him to ?r[ aside ! _w = ev]1 & embrace ,god1--8,n ! ,god ( philosoph]s or ( savants10 b 8! ,god ( ,abraham1 ( ,isaac1 ( ,jacob--! ,god ( ,jesus ,*ri/10 f :om he _h be5 sev]$1 b f :om he felt he nev] m w\ld be sev]$2 abid+ 9 ,him 9 8sweet & total r5unciation0 ( all else4 ,! idea1 ( c\rse1 is t ,pascal's dream or vision 0 ! result ( physical d]angem5t2 & x may be safely grant$ t if ! reality at all correspond$ to ,llut's imag9>y picture1 ?is is its natural explanation4 ,! /ory ( ! 8vision0 & ! 8abyss0 are ?us made1 n )\t a c]ta9 appe>ance ( probability1 to fit into "o ano!r1 & bo? into ! accid5t at ,neuilly2 & a c]ta9 congruity ( ext]nal & int]nal al>m is h5ce giv5 to ! great crisis ( ,pascal's life4 ,unhappily1 h[ev]1 !re is a lack ( evid5ce reg>d+ ! accid5t itself1 #id &1 /ill m1 ! accompany+ /ory ( ! abyss se5 by ,pascal at 8 side1 :i* mu/ make ! read] cauti\s :o has no !ory to support4 ,voltaire1 9 8 usual mann]1 made ! mo/ ( ,pascal's suppos$ delusions4 8,9 ! la/ ye>s ( 8 life10 he said1 8,pascal believ$ t he _h se5 an abyss by ! side ( 8 *air1--ne$ we on t acc\nt h ! same fancy8 ,i1 too1 see an abyss1 b x is 9 ! v ?+s :i* he believ$ t he _h expla9$40 ,he quotes also ! au?ority ( ,leibnitz = ! /atem5t t ,pascal's melan*oly _h l$ 8 intellect a/ray--a result1 he adds1 n at all wond]ful 9 ! case ( a man ( su* delicate temp]am5t & gloomy imag9ation4 ,b ,voltaire 0 n precise "h1 z 9 o!r matt]s ab\t ,pascal4 ,he und]/ood him too little to be a good judge ( 8 m5tal peculi>ities4 ,all t ,leibnitz really said 01 t ,pascal1 89 wi%+ to fa?om ! dep?s ( religion1 _h become scrupul\s ev5 to folly40 #ie ,:atev] explanation we may give ( ! suppos$ incid5ts att5d+ ,pascal's conv]sion1 !re nev] 0 a m absurd fancy ?an t ,pascal's m9d suff]$ any eclipse 9 ! great *ange t came to him4 ,he may h be5 cr$ul\s1 he may h be5 sup]/iti\s4 ,! miracle ( ! ,holy ,?orn may be an evid5ce ( ! "o1 & ! unnatural asceticism ( 8 lat] ye>s a pro( ( ! o!r4 ,b to speak ( ! au?or ( ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s1' ( ! problems on ! ,cycloid1 & f9ally ( ! #8,p5ses1' z if 8 intellect _h suff]$ f 8 conv]sion1 is to use words )\t mean+4 ,all 8 noble/ writ+s 7 ! product ( 8 religi\s exp]i5ce1 & he nev] so>$ s high 9 intellectual & lit]>y a*ievem5t z :5 mov+ on ! w+s ( spiritual indignation or ( spiritual aspiration4 ,! :ole int]e/ ( ,pascal's life f ?is p]iod is conc5trat$ 9 8 writ+s--fir/ ! #8,prov9cials1' & !n ! #8,p5ses1' to :i* we devote sep>ate *apt]s4 ,!re 0 only ! int]val ( a ye> betwe5 8 conv]sion & ! comm5cem5t ( 8 great controv]sy1 & little is kn[n ( h[ he pass$ 8 "t dur+ ?is int]val4 ,he seems to h rema9$ *iefly at ,port ,royal "u ! guidance ( ,m4 de ,saci1 & to h felt an unwont$ measure ( happ9ess 9 8 triumph ov] ! _w & 9 ! possession ( 8 own quiet ?\ghts4 ,we h se5 h[ he spoke ( be+ treat$ 8l a pr9ce10 & ev5 8 heal? seem$ to improve1 not)/&+ ! regul>ity & sev]ity ( 8 religi\s devotions4 ,he communicat$ 8 feel+s ( elation to 8 si/]1 :o repli$ 7#ai? ,janu>y #afee7 t %e 0 delight$ to f9d him 8gay 9 8 solitude10 z %e nev] 0 at 8 happ9ess 9 ! _w4 8,not)/&+10 %e adds1 8,i d n "k h[ ,m4 de ,saci adapts himself to s light-he>t$ a p5it5t1 :o pr(esses to f9d comp5sation = ! va9 joys & amusem5ts ( ! _w 9 joys some:at m reasonable1 & jeux d'esprit m all[able1 in/ead ( expiat+ !m by p]petual te>s40 ,h[ long ,pascal's pi\s elation cont9u$ is n said1 nor h we any fur!r details ( 8 religi\s life at ,port ,royal4 ,he nev] absolutely took up 8 abode !re z "o ( ! ,solit>ies1 & c\ld !re=e say 9 8 sixte5? ,prov9cial ,lett]1 )\t m ?an an innoc5t equivocation1 t he 8did n belong to ,port ,royal40 ,he 0 /ill f\nd !re1 h[ev]1 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! foll[+ ye> 7#afee71 :5 ! affair ( ,m4 ,arnauld & ! ,sorbonne 0 approa*+ its crisis1 & ! idea ( 8 fam\s lett]s 0 />t$ 9 a meet+1 to be aft]w>ds m5tion$1 betwe5 him & ,arnauld & ,nicole4 ,aft] ?is1 dur+ ! publication ( ! #8,lett]s1' ,pascal seems *iefly to h resid$ 9 ,p>is1 probably ) a view to ! great] facilities he enjoy$ !re 9 prosecut+ 8 assaults ^u ! ,jesuits1 :i* cont9u$ till ! spr+ ( #afeg4 ,dur+ ! foll[+ ye> he 0 busy ) ! great idea ( a "w 9 def5ce ( religion1 sugge/$ p>tly by 8 own intellectual activity1 b p>tly also by a special incid5t at ,port ,royal :i* made a great impression ^u him4 ,?is 0 ! fam\s 8miracle0 ( ! ,holy ,?orn4 ,madame ,pri]'s daught]1 ,m>gu]ite ,pri]--! same to :om we are indebt$ = int]e/+ memorials ( h] uncle's life--_h become1 ) h] si/]1 a pupil at ,port ,royal4 ,%e suff]$ f an app>5tly incurable disease ( ! eye1 fi/ula la*rymalis4 ,on a sudd5 %e 0 report$ to be entirely cur$1 & ! cure 0 attribut$ to ! t\* ( a relic :i* _h be5 br\ght to ! abbey by a prie/1--a suppos$ ?orn f ! cr[n ( ,*ri/4 ,x is rem>kable t ! ,mre ,anglique 0 some:at sl[ ( belief z to ! 8miracle10 & t %e m>vell$ ! _w %\ld make s mu* ( x4 ,b x secur$ ! cr$5ce ( ,pascal1 & became a great fact 9 ! hi/ory ( ,port ,royal1 /ay+ = a "t ! h& ( p]secution1 & po9t+1 z its fri5ds believ$1 to ! visible int]position ( heav54 ,h[ c\ld ! accusations aga9/ ,port ,royal be true1 see+ :at ,god ,himself _h done on its behalf8 8,?is place1 :i* m5 say is ! devil's temple1 ,god makes ,8 h\se4 ,m5 decl>e t its *ildr5 mu/ be tak5 out ( x1 & ,god heals !m !re4 ,!y are ?reat5$ ) all ! furies2 ,god loads !m ) ,8 fav\rs40 ,?is 0 ,pascal's own language on ! subject1 #ig & !re c be no d\bt t ! suppos$ miracle deeply affect$ him4 ,he 0 8s5sibly t\*$10 x is said1 8by su* a grace1 reg>d+ x z virtually done to himself1 see+ x 0 done to "o s ne> to him 9 k9dr$1 & :o 0 8 spiritual daught] 9 baptism40 ,he 0 p5etrat$ by a great joy1 & mu* occupi$ by ! ?\ght ( :at _h happ5$1 & ! g5]al subject ( miracles4 ,!re 0 9 ?is mann] awak5$ 9 him 8! extreme desire ( employ+ himself on a "w 9 refutation ( ! pr9ciples & false reason+s ( ! a!i/s40 8,he _h /udi$ !m10 8 si/] cont9ues1 8) great c>e1 & appli$ 8 :ole m9d to se>* out ! means ( conv9c+ !m4 ,8 la/ ye> ( "w 0 entirely occupi$ 9 collect+ div]s ?\ghts on ?is subject40 ,unhappily1 9 ! c\rse ( #afeh ,pascal's old illness return$ ) r$\bl$ sev]ity1 & ! la/ f\r ye>s ( 8 life became 9 consequ5ce ye>s ( great languor & int]ruption ( 8 project$ "w4 ,! practice ( cont9u\s composition fail$ him4 ,hi!rto he _h be5 wont to develop 8 ?\ghts completely1--to write !m out1 z x 71 m5tally be=e committ+ !m to pap]2 b n[ he began ! habit ( transf]r+ 8 ideas rapidly1 & sometimes imp]fectly1 to manuscript1 z !y arose 9 8 m9d4 ,9 _m cases1 if n 9 all1 ^! fir/ sket*es rema9$ z orig9ally made1 )\t any revision or fur!r recon/ruction2 & f ! mass ( pap]s accumulat$ 9 ?is mann] dur+ ^! ye>s ! #8,p5ses' 7 =m$--! /ory ( ^: publication w be aft]w>ds told4 ,/rangely1 x 0 9 ?is v ye>1 dur+ a fit ( sev]e too?a*e1 app>5tly connect$ ) 8 g5]al illness1 t ,pascal began 8 wond]ful s]ies ( problems on ! cycloid1 %[+ h[ fre% & unimpair$ 8 sci5tific g5ius rema9$ "u all ! *anges ( 8 heal? & ( 8 ma9 intellectual int]e/s4 ,! la/ ye>s ( ,pascal's life1 9 _! deep suff]+1 & 9 _! _m traits ( pi\s resignation & self-d5ial1 h be5 fully sket*$ by ,madame ,pri]4 ,we d n ?9k x necess>y to repeat ! sket* "h1 t\*+ & beautiful z 9 "s respects x is4 ,x is impossible to read h] simple & e>ne/ n>rative )\t emotion1 & yet ! emotion is apt to evaporate 9 translation4 ,x is impossible1 also1 to avoid ! feel+ t1 ) all ! t5d]ness & humility ( ,pascal's lat] ye>s1 !re m+le a /range pride 9 8 v au/]ities1 & some?+ ( ! nature ( religi\s mania1 :i*1 beautiful z may be ! =ms x sometimes takes1 is yet 9 its _s1 & 9 n a few ( its excesses1 ess5tially unlovely4 ,pascal's c>e ( ! poor1 8 love ( !m--8to s]ve ! poor 9 a _s ( pov]ty0 0 :at appe>$ to him 8mo/ agreeable to ,god0--8 wi% to die among !m1 to be c>ri$ to ! ,hospital = ,incurables1 & brea! 8 la/ !re2 ! /ory ( 8 rescue ( ! poor girl :o ask$ alms f him on ! /reets2 8 unp>allel$ pati5ce1 & ev5 gladness1 9 suff]+1 s t he seem$ to welcome x & b9d x ab\t him z a g>m5t2 8 wond]ful humility & yet 8 noble c\rage at ! la/ 9 ! matt] ( ! ,=mul>y1--all ?is goes to ! he>t ( ! read]4 ,x mu/ be a cold he>t t is n mov$ by ! picture ( a great s\l /riv+ 8to r5\nce all pleasure & all sup]fluities10--to copy lit]ally1 l ,/ ,francis1 ! portrait ( 8 ,ma/]4 ,b "h1 z ev]y:]e1 ! human copy falls inf9itely %ort ( ! div9e ,orig9al4 ,!re is ! lovel9ess ( a true human life b5ea? all ! picture ( suff]+ pres5t$ to u 9 ! ,gospels4 ,all ! hues ( natural feel+ h gone out ( ! la/ ye>s ( ,pascal4 ,he n only bore suff]+--he pref]r$ x2 & he boldly ju/ifi$ 8 pref]5ce4 8,sickness10 he said1 8is ! natural /ate ( ! ,*ri/ian2 x puts u 9 ! condition 9 :i* we always ought to be40 ,9 ?is _s he /rove to dead5 any s5sation ( pleasure 9 8 food1 9 ! att5tions ( 8 relatives & fri5ds1 ev5 9 8 /udies4 ,he c\ld n be> to see 8 si/] c>ess+ h] *ildr52 !re seem$ to him h>m 9 ev5 say+ t a woman 0 beautiful2 ! m>ri$ /ate 0 a 8k9d ( homicide or r ,deicide40 ,he ?\ght x wrong t any "o %\ld f9d pleasure 9 atta*m5t to him1 = he 80 n ! f9al object ( any be+1 & _h n :]e) to satisfy any40 ,s jeal\s 0 he ( any surprise ( pleasure1 ( any ?\ght ( vanity or complac5cy 9 himself & 8 "w1 t he wore a girdle ( iron next 8 sk91 ! %>p po9ts ( :i* he press$ closely :5 he ?\ght himself 9 any dang]1 especially 9 su* mom5ts ( int]c\rse ) ! _w z he /ill sometimes all[$ himself4 ,su* details are nei!r int]e/+ 9 !mselves nor d !y pres5t ,pascal 9 8 highe/ "*4 ,"o _c help feel+ t1 t\*+ z ,madame ,pri]'s n>rative is1 !re mu/ h be51 ev5 9 ! ,pascal ( lat] ye>s1 m ?an %e has drawn = u4 ,"o glimpse we get1 b n 9 h] pages1 ( a m natural temp]1 :5 he )/ood 8 ,jans5i/ fri5ds 9 ! matt] ( subscrib+ ! ,=mul>y dem&$ f ! ,port ,royali/s4 ,he _h himself previ\sly be5 will+ to subscribe1 ) c]ta9 re/rictions1 :5 8 si/] ,jacquel9e alone /ood out 9 h] resi/ance to :at %e deem$ a treasonable betrayal ( ! cause4 ,%e sign$ at la/1 b aga9/ h] consci5ce1 &1 s to speak1 ) h] blood4 ,%e di$ imm$iately aft]w>ds1 ! fir/ victim ( ! signature1 z %e has be5 call$1 & bequea?+ a lett] to h] fell[-suff]]s on ! subject4 ,:e!r inspir$ by h] words or n1 ,pascal took a firm /& aga9/ any fur!r concessions1 & 9 a fam\s int]view ) ,arnauld1 ,nicole1 & ,sa9te-,m>!1 he argu$ ! po9t ) su* /r5g? & vehem5ce t he fell fa9t+ to ! gr\nd4 #aja ,?is 0 9 ! end ( #affa1 :5 8 suff]+s 7 fa/ draw+ to a close4 ,9 ! previ\s summ]1 :5 at ,cl]mont1 he _h writt5 to ,f]mat t he 0 s weak z to be 8unable to walk )\t a /ick1 or to hold himself on horseback40 ,8 weakness _h gr[n apace1 & 9 ,june #affb he 0 seiz$ ) 8 la/ illness4 ,x 0 necess>y t 8 si/] %\ld nurse him1 & ?is c\ld only be done by 8 removal to h] h\se1 = he _h giv5 up 8 own h\se to a poor family1 "o ( ^: *ildr5 _h tak5 smallpox1 & he w\ld all[ nei!r ! *ild to be remov$ nor 8 si/] to run ! risk ( c>ry+ infection to h] *ildr54 ,he left 8 own home = h]s1 !re=e1 on ! #bg? ( ,june1 & nev] return$4 ,?ree days aft] 8 removal he 0 seiz$ ) a viol5t colic1 :i* depriv$ him ( all sleep4 ,8 physicians at fir/ 7 n al>m$1 z 8 pulse cont9u$ good1 b gradually pa9 & sleeplessness wore him out4 ,he confess$ bo? to ! cur ( ! p>i% & to 8 fri5d ,sa9te-,m>!1 "o ( ! directors ( ! community4 ,he wi%$1 z we said1 to die 9 ! ,hospital = ,incurables among/ ! poor1 b 9 8 /ate ( weakness x 0 impossible to gratify ?is wi%4 ,aft] ! adm9i/ration ( ! la/ sacram5t1 :i* he receiv$ ) te>ful emotion1 he ?ank$ ! cur1 & exclaim$1 8,may ,god nev] leave me60 ,^! 7 8 la/ words4 ,convulsions hav+ return$1 he expir$ on ! #ai? ( ,augu/ #affb4 ,x is unnecess>y to attempt any e/imate ( ,pascal's "*4 ,! read] mu/ draw x = himself 9 ! light ( ^! pages4 ,) all en?usiasm = its gr&eur & unity ( purpose1 & t moral & intellectual elevation :i* x ev]y:]e %[s1 x may be f\nd lack+ 9 bread? & v>iety1 & t famili> int]e/ & *>m :i* /rangely (t5 come f ! contemplation ( human weakness r ?an ( human /r5g?4 ,!re is c]ta9ly less to love 9 him ?an to admire--less to call =? delight ?an respect4 ,! play ( natural individuality is hidd5 beh9d l9es ( l(ty di/ance1 & latt]ly ( ,jans5i/ sev]ity4 ,a pr\d1 ascetic1 & worn figure seems to rise be=e u2 b /rangely ,pascal's portrait1 z kn[n to u1 conveys no idea ( asceticism4 ,! face is full-fle%$ & expressive1 l ! face ( a *ild1 ) l>ge ripe lips & op5 eyes ( wond]1--a portrait :i* sugge/s ! companion ( ! ,duc de ,roannez 9 8 ye>s ( pleasure1 r ?an ! we>y & pa9-worn p5it5t ( ,port ,royal4 #ajb ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! #8,,prov9cial ,,lett]s4' ,pascal's #8,lett]s to a ,prov9cial' repres5t a great controv]sy1 ! nature ( :i* x is necess>y to expla94 ,!y are1 at ! same "t1 ! mo/ p]fect expression ( 8 lit]>y g5ius1 & t\* !ological que/ions ) su* an inimitable grace & felicity ( expression z to h awak5$ a univ]sal intellectual int]e/4 ,x may be h>d to ju/ify ?is int]e/ by any analysis ( _! cont5ts1 or by su* extracts z c be giv5 f !m4 ,no ,engli% c convey ! exquisite fitness ( ,fr5* polemical expression 9 its highe/ =m1 its m+l$ =ce & delicacy1 its ke5ness & yet its lightness4 ,we %all1 h[ev]1 endeav\r to give z cle>ly z we c an acc\nt1 fir/1 ( ! controv]sy out ( :i* ! #8,lett]s' orig9at$1 & !n ( ! consummate skill ) :i* ,pascal conduct$ x4 ,m4 de ,/ ,cyran is n m]ely "o ( ! *ief figures connect$ ) ,port ,royal3 he 0 ! f\nta9-head ( its special p[]4 ,to 8 influ5ce & tea*+ x 0 indebt$ = its *ief glory & its mo/ t]rible suff]+s4 ,jean ,bapti/ du ,v]gi] d',hauranne1 bett] kn[n by ! above (ficial designation1 0 ( noble family4 ,he 0 born at ,bayonne 9 #aeha1 & e>ly devot$ himself to ! /udy ( !ology at ,l\va9 & ,p>is4 ,:ile a /ud5t1 he is suppos$ to h fir/ made ! acqua9tance ( ,cornelius ,jans51 & to h begun ) him t co-op]ation :i* 0 de/9$ to be> su* rem>kable fruits4 ,_! intimacy 0 "o bas$ on spiritual aff9ity & a common en?usiasm4 ,= ,jans5 0 ! son ( poor peasants1 )\t ev5 a surname4 ,8 fa!r is only kn[n z ,jan ,ottos51 or ,john ! son ( ,otto2 z ! son 9 8 turn 0 ,cornelius ,jans51 or ! son ( ,john4 ,jans5 0 ! y\ng] ( ! two fri5ds1 hav+ be5 born 9 #aehe2 b he appe>s to h ex]cis$ a p[]ful influ5ce ov] 8 old] companion4 ,! great bond ( _! union & common en?usiasm 0 ! /udy ( ,/ ,augu/9e4 ,= ! purpose ( pursu+ ?is /udy undi/urb$1 !y retir$ to ! seaside ne> ,bayonne1 & "h !y e/abli%$ !mselves 9 s*ola/ic seclusion4 ,smitt5 ) ! desire ( atta9+ !ological tru?1 !y f\nd ! ,s*oolm5 con/antly appeal+ to ,/ ,augu/9e z _! au?ority1 & !y consequ5tly resolv$ to exam9e ?is au?ority = !mselves1 & s asc5d to :at !y believ$ to be ! s\rce ( _! fav\rite sci5ce4 ,_h !y tak5 only "o /ep fur!r1 !y w\ld h approa*$ ,prote/antism2 & z x 01 ! fav\rite *>ge :i* ! ,jesuits aft]w>ds made aga9/ !m 01 t !y 7 ,calv9i/s 9 disguise4 ,unconsci\sly !y 7 s1 not)/&+ all _! disclaim]s4 ,! ,jesuits 7 unscrupul\s2 b _! p5etration "h1 z 9 _m o!r cases1 0 n at fault4 ,! doctr9es s w>mly esp\s$ by ,jans5 & ,/ ,cyran 7 ! old doctr9es ( grace1 :i* ,calv9 & !y alike borr[$ f ,/ ,augu/9e1 & he 9 8 turn f\nd 9 ! ,epi/les ( ,/ ,paul4 #aje ,& ! controv]sy :i* _! lab\rs 7 de/9$ once m to awak5 9 ! bosom ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 0 no?+ else ?an ! old dispute :i*1 s9ce ! days ( ,augu/9e & ,pelagius1 _h m ?an once already agitat$ x4 ,! fell[-/ud5ts cont9u$ _! /udies ne> ,bayonne = five ye>s4 ,s closely did !y "w1 t ,jans5 is said to h sp5t days & nights 9 ! same *air1 snat*+ only brief int]vals ( re/4 ,a game at battl$ore & %uttlecock occasionally reliev$ _! vigils2 b no s]i\s employm5t divid$ _! att5tion ) ! ardu\s task ^u :i* !y _h ent]$1 ( ma/]+ & dige/+ ! pr9ciples ( ! ,augu/9ian !ology4 ,! ,bi%op ( ,bayonne (f]$ pref]m5t to ,d',hauranne1 & !re 7 projects ( settl+ ,jans5 also at ! head ( a college2 b x 0 n till "s "t aft]w>ds t ei!r ( !m ent]$ ^u (ficial lab\rs4 ,!y 7 left dur+ ^? ye>s to ! un9t]rupt$ /udies :i* subsequ5tly result$ 9 ! great "w ( ,jans54 ,! sy/em ( !ological ?\ght associat$ ) 8 "n 0 !n def9itely matur$4 ,x is beyond our prov9ce to sket* ! c>e] ( ^! fell[-/ud5ts1 "o ( :om became ! *ief spiritual director ( ,port ,royal1 & ! o!r its great !ological c5tre4 ,! abbey ( ,/ ,cyran 0 ! only pref]m5t :i* ,d',hauranne ev] accept$1 not)/&+ ,ri*elieu's repeat$ (f]s ( a bi%opric4 ,he 0 cont5t to ex]cise f 8 mona/ic seclusion an influ5ce f> m p[]ful ?an t ( any bi%op ( 8 day4 ,& s p5etrat+ & dang]\s did ?is influ5ce seem to ! great ,m9i/] ^: ef=ts to b9d him to 8 side _h s (t5 fail$1 t he at l5g? %ut him up 9 ,v9c5nes 7,may #afch74 ,"h he rema9$ 9 close conf9em5t = m ?an f\r ye>s2 b ev5 f ?is gloomy retreat ! impression ( 8 great p]sonal p[] 0 spread abroad1 & felt 9 _m qu>t]s z /eadily z be=e4 ,he surviv$ 8 release only a few mon?s4 ,8 long imprisonm5t _h brok5 d[n 8 heal?2 & al?\gh ! en?usiasm ( 8 _s 0 /rong z ev]1 8 weak5$ body 0 no long] able to answ] to its dem&s4 ,he c\ld h>dly 8hold himself up10 & a slight attack ( illness c>ri$ him (f4 ,/ ,cyran's *ief /r5g? seems to h la9 9 a conc5trat$ en?usiasm & quiet /r5g? ( w :i* enabl$ him to hold 8 own aga9/ all opposition1 & to subdue o!r m9ds l>g] ?an 8 own to 8 purposes4 ,:5 ! ,pr9ce de ,cond int]c$$ = him aft] 8 arre/1 ,ri*elieu's reply 03 8,d y "k ( :om y are speak+8 ,t man is m dang]\s ?an six armies4 ,i say t attrition ) confession is necess>y3 he believes t contrition is necess>y4 #ajf ,& 9 ! affair ( ,monsieur's m>riage all ,france has giv5 way to me1 & he alone has ! h>dihood to oppose x40 ,aga9/ all enticem5ts & assaults alike he set a pr\d & firm fai? 9 8 own mission--a pati5ce sublime 9 its calmness1 & 9 ! unwav]+ consci\sness ( ,div9e "r on 8 side4 8,i am c>eful to compla9 ( no?+10 he said 9 8 imprisonm5t4 8,i am ready to rema9 "h a hundr$ ye>s2 to die "h1 if ,god w4 ,i am ready = :atev] ,he designs--= action or = suff]+40 ,! same fai? & quiet assurance gave him 8 m>vell\s influ5ce ov] o!rs1 & t fasc9ation :i* made him a p[] 9 ! cultivat$ society ( ,p>is4 ,all ! ,arnauld family m or less own$ 8 influ5ce2 & x 0 8 tea*+ ma9ly t peopl$ ,port ,royal ) ! ,solit>ies :o h made x s illu/ri\s4 ,! life & "w ( ,jans5 seem at fir/ f> remov$ f ,port ,royal4 ,he return$ to ,l\va9 aft] 8 soj\rn at ,bayonne1 & became a pr(essor ( !ology 9 its fam\s univ]sity1 on ^: behalf he 0 employ$ 9 sev]al political negotiations ) ! ,spani% ,c\rt4 ,f9ally he 0 appo9t$ ,bi%op ( ,ypres1 9 :i* capacity he is *iefly kn[n 9 ! ecclesia/ical _w4 ,8 fame1 h[ev]1 re/s n on any political or ecclesia/ical lab\rs1 b on ! results fl[+ f 8 orig9al /udies at ,bayonne4 ,he nev] =got 8 devotion to ,/ ,augu/9e4 ,he is said to h read ! :ole ( 8 writ+s t5 times1 & ! treatises aga9/ ! ,pelagians n less ?an ?irty times4 ,! fruit ( all ?is /udi\s devotion 0 8 "w kn[n briefly z ! #8,augu/9us1' #ajg publi%$ two ye>s aft] 8 dea? 79 #afdj74 ,no?+ c\ld h seem$ m innoc5t or laudable ?an ! attempt by a bi%op ( ! ,*ur* to set =? ! doctr9e ( ,/ ,augu/9e4 ,! book pr(ess$ to h be5 und]tak5 9 a humble _s4 8,i h avoid$ error :]e ,i c\ld10 says ! au?or2 8= ! cases 9 :i* ,i c\ld n1 ,i implore ! read]'s p>don4 4 4 4 ,let ! k ( my s9c]ity make am5ds = ! simplicity ( my error4 ,i "k t if ,i h err$1 x is n 9 ! ass]tion ( ,ca?olic tru?1 b 9 ! /atem5t ( ! op9ion ( ,/ ,augu/9e2 = ,i h n laid d[n :at is true or false1 :at is to be held or reject$ accord+ to ! fai? ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 b only :at ,augu/9e taught & decl>$ 0 to be held40 ,a task ( su* a "*1 c>ri$ out 9 su* a _s1 might h seem$ a h>mless "o4 ,b ! ,jesuits _h long m>k$ bo? ,/ ,cyran & ,jans5 z !ological foes1 oppos$ to _! special doctr9es4 ,!y endeav\r$ !re=e1 fir/ ( all1 to prev5t ! publication ( ,jans5's "w2 & fail+ 9 ?is1 !y direct$ all _! ef=ts to procure a condemnation ( ! book f ! ,c\rt ( ,rome4 8,nev]10 x has be5 said1 8did any book receive a m /ormy welcome4 ,)9 a few weeks ( its appe>ance ! ,univ]sity1 ! ,jesuits1 ! executors ( ,jans51 ! pr9t] ( ! #8,augu/9us1' ! ,spani% gov]nor ( ! ,l[ ,c\ntries1 & ! ,papal ,nuncio 7 engag$ 9 a w>f>e ( pamphlets1 treatises1 pasqu9ades1 plead+s1 synods1 audi5ces1 :i* x w\ld be impossible to set =? 9 hi/orical sequ5ce40 #ajh ,9 ! mid/ ( all ?is1 ,jans5's old fell[-/ud5t receiv$ ! book1 9 ! prep>ation ( :i* he also _h _h "s %>e1 9 8 prison at ,v9c5nes1 z if an e*o ( 8 own ?\ghts4 8,x w\ld la/ z long z ! ,*ur*10 he said4 8,aft] ,/ ,paul & ,/ ,augu/9e1 no "o _h writt5 conc]n+ grace l ,jans540 ,! ,jesuits 7 resolv$ 9 _! ho/ility4 ,!y knew t ! book1 :ile assum+ a hi/orical =m1 & pr(ess+ 9 ! ma9 to repres5t ! doctr9e ( ,augu/9e z direct$ aga9/ ! errori/s ( 8 own "t1 _h a side ref]5ce to ! 8op9ions ( c]ta9 mod]n au?ors10 und]/ood to be well-kn[n !ologians ( _! own s*ool4 ,?is 0 9 fact ackn[l$g$ 9 an app5dix4 ,unable any long] to wreak _! v5geance on ! au?or himself1 !y 7 resolv$ to put 8 "w "u ban2 & accord+ly1 a ,bull 0 obta9$ f ,rome 9 ! summ] ( #afdb1 condemn+ ,jans5 by "n1 & decl>+ t ! #8,augu/9us' conta9$ 8_m propositions already condemn$0 by ! ,holy ,see4 ,x 0 d\bt$ :e!r ! ,pope1 ,urban ,,viii41 design$ to g ! l5g? ann\nc$ 9 ! bull1 & ! t]ms ( ! condemnation 7 rum\r$ to h be5 ins]t$ by a ,papal (fic] 9 ! int]e/s ( ! ,jesuits4 ,! ,univ]sities ( ,l\va9 & ,p>is !re=e did n take any /eps to c>ry out ! condemnation4 ,!y rema9$ spectators ( ! controv]sy :i* rag$ ar\nd !m1 9 :i* ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,p>is on "o side1 & ! y\nge/ ( ! ,arnauld family on ! o!r1 7 conspicu\s4 ,anto9e ,arnauld 0 ! la/ ( ! tw5ty *ildr5 born to ! great p>liam5t>y orator & ,ca!r9e ,m>ion 8 wife1 ( :om we h already spok54 ,8 nephews1 ,le ,maitre & ,de ,saci1 7 s ne> 8 own age1 t !y 7 accu/om$ to call him famili>ly le petit oncle4 ,e>ly consecrat$ to !ological /udies by ! influ5ce ( ,/ ,cyran & 8 "m1 he esp\s$ zeal\sly ! ,augu/9ian doctr9es4 ,a spl5did prospect seem$ op5+ be=e him1 _h he *os5 to ent] ! ,*ur* & pursue an ecclesia/ical c>e] 9 ! ord9>y mann]4 ,b :ile ?ir/+ = !ological di/9ction1 he _h scruples ab\t 8 vocation to ! holy (fice4 ,he ov]came 8 scruples s f> z to become a prie/2 b n only w\ld he n accept ! b5efices plac$ )9 8 rea* by p[]ful fri5ds--he insi/$ on resign+ su* z he held4 ,he ev5 dispos$ ( 8 patrimony = ! b5efit ( ,port ,royal1 pres]v+ only z mu* z w\ld provide him ) ! b>e necess>ies ( life4 ,he became a doctor 9 #afda1 & already1 9 #afdc1 ! int]e/ ( ! :ole !ological _w 0 ar\s$ by 8 treatise1 #8,( ,frequ5t ,communion4' ,! aim ( ?is treatise1 z ( all ,arnauld's writ+s1 0 anti-,jesuitical4 ,he set =?1 back$ by ! au?ority ( 8,fa!rs1 ,popes1 & ,c\ncils10 ! necessity ( spiritual prep>ation = ! ,holy ,communion1 9 opposition to ! =mula :i* _h be5 boldly advanc$ by m ?an "o ,jesuit tea*]1 t 8! m we are devoid ( div9e grace1 ! m ought we to seek ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! ,eu*>i/40 ,! commotion made by ! publication %[s h[ grave 0 ! ne$ = x4 ,on ! "o h& x 0 w>mly welcom$1 _m pi\s bi%ops & doctors te/ify+ approbation ( its cont5ts2 on ! o!r h& x 0 viol5tly assail$4 ,! ,jesuit pulpits res\nd$ ) abuse ( x & ( its au?or4 ,all ,p>is 0 di/urb$ by ! noise :i* x made4 8,!re mu/ be a snake 9 ! grass some:]e10 x 0 wittily rem>k$1 8= ! ,jesuits 7 nev] s excit$ :5 only ! glory ( ,god 0 at /ake40 ,! le>n$ ,petavius1 & ev5 ! ,pr9ce de ,cond1 did n disda9 to m+le 9 ! combat4 ,= a "t ,arnauld seem$ to triumph1 b f9ally ! influ5ce ( ,rome 0 br\ght aga9/ him1 & he 0 glad to take refuge 9 concealm5t--! fir/ ( ! _m concealm5ts into :i* 8 incessant polemical activity drove him 9 ! c\rse ( 8 long life4 ,he nev] abat$ 8 opposition4 ,he _h no soon] retir$ f "o controv]sy1 ?an he reappe>$ 9 "s o!r4 ,8 en]gy knew no b\nds1 8 love ( fight+ no pause4 ,:5 9 8 old age 8 fri5d & fell[-/ud5t ,nicole advis$ him to re/4 8,re/60 he said2 8h ,i n all et]nity to re/ 980 ,x 0 a matt] ( c\rse t :5 ! great ,jans5i/ controv]sy began1 ,arnauld %\ld be f\nd 9 ! van ( x4 #8,an ,apology = ,jans5' appe>$ f 8 p5 9 #afdd1 & a second #8,apology' 9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,x seem$ = a "t z if ! ,jesuits w\ld be foil$ 9 _! ef=ts to secure ! effectual condemnation ( ! book4 ,b at l5g? "o ( _! numb]1 ,nicolas ,cornet1 ,syndic ( ! ,faculty ( ,!ology at ,p>is1 collect$ its ess5tial h]esy 9 ! %ape ( sev5 propositions4 ,^! propositions 7 aft]w>ds r$uc$ to five2 & at l5g?1 on ! #ca/ ( ,may #afec1 a =mal condemnation ( !m 0 obta9$ f ! ,c\rt ( ,rome4 ,!re 0 no long] any d\bt z to ! attitude ( ! ,holy ,see4 ,all ! propositions 7 decl>$ to be di/9ctly h]etical1 & ! fir/ & ! fif?1 moreov]1 to be blasphem\s & impi\s4 ,?is result 0 n rea*$ )\t mu* debate & delay4 ,no soon] _h ,cornet's propositions appe>$ ?an ,arnauld assail$ !m & all :o support$ !m4 ,a congregation ( f\r c>d9als & elev5 !ological assessors _h be5 appo9t$ to exam9e !m 9 ! end ( ! ye> #afea4 ,!y _h tak51 !re=e1 a ye> & a half to _! "w1 & ! s5t5ce at l5g? issu$ 0 int5d$ to br+ ! long w>f>e to a close4 ,9 po9t ( fact x k9dl$ a fre% fire1 & op5$1 if n a l>g]1 yet a m vital controv]sy4 ,arnauld retir$ will+ly be=e a new writ] summon$ by himself into ! field1 & gird$ ) 8 bless+ z he w5t =? to ! enc\nt]4 ,! five propositions1 :i* 7 pr(ess$ to be extract$ f ,jans5's book1 & z su* 7 condemn$ by ! ,papal ,bull ( #ca/ ,may #afec1 are s intimately connect$ ) ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s' z to claim a place 9 our pages4 ,!y are z foll[s3-- ,i4 ,!re are div9e comm&m5ts :i* good m51 al?\gh will+1 are unable to obey2 & ! grace by :i* ^! comm&m5ts are possible is also want+ 9 !m4 ,,ii4 ,no p]son1 9 ! /ate ( fall5 nature1 is able to resi/ int]nal grace4 ,,iii4 ,9 ord] to r5d] human actions m]itori\s or o!rwise1 lib]ty f necessity is n requir$1 b only lib]ty f con/ra9t4 ,,iv4 ,! semi-,pelagians1 :ile admitt+ ! necessity ( prev5i5t grace--or grace prec$+ all actions--7 h]etics1 inasmu* z !y said t ?is grace 0 su* z man c\ld1 accord+ to 8 w1 ei!r resi/ or obey4 ,v4 ,! semi-,pelagians also err$ 9 say+ t ,*ri/ di$ or %$ ,8 blood = all m5 univ]sally4 ,x w\ld be ne$less = u to t\* ^! propositions1 ev5 by way ( explanation4 ,we h endeav\r$ to /ate !m f ! orig9al ,lat9 z cle>ly z we c1 s t !y may be> "s def9ite mean+ ev5 to ! non-!ological read]4 ,b _! v /atem5t bri/les ) controv]sy1 & ! half-ext9ct mean+s ( old que/ions t g to ! root ( ,*ri/ian ?\ght lie hid 9 _! language4 ,all ! propositions 7 condemn$ )\t res]ve1 b two po9ts 7 left unsettl$4 ,x 0 n ass]t$ t ! propositions 7 to be f\nd 9 ! #8,augu/9us1' & t !y 7 condemn$ 9 ! s5se 9 :i* ,jans5 held !m1 & 9 no o!r4 ,! c\rse ( ! controv]sy & ! fate ( ,port ,royal 9 ! end ma9ly turn$ ^u ^! po9ts4 ,! ,papal ,bull condemn+ ! five propositions 0 spe$ily publi%$ 9 ,france1 & ! triumph ( ! ,jesuits 0 undisguis$4 ,a great bl[ _h be5 /ruck1 & = a "t all seem$ incl9$ to b[ be=e x4 ,political reasons comb9$ ) o!rs to give effect to ! ,papal v]dict4 ,c>d9al ,maz>91 9 possession ( ! fav\r ( ! ,que5-"m1 _h imprison$ 8 enemy1 ,c>d9al de ,retz1 :o _h s long wag$ 9 ! intrigues & w>s ( ! ,fronde a re/less conflict ) !m2 & z ! latt] 9 8 prosp]ity _h %[n a c]ta9 fav\r = ,port ,royal1 ?is 0 en\gh to /imulate1 on ! "p ( ,maz>91 an int]e/ on behalf ( ! ,jesuits4 ,yet he 0 reluctant to move actively aga9/ ! ,jans5i/s4 ,m4 d',&illy /ill _h 8 e> 9 matt]s ( ,/ate1 & by 8 int]v5tion & t ( o!rs ! project ( an armi/ice 0 = a "t ent]ta9$4 ,port ,royal 0 to keep sil5ce1 if its enemies did n pu% _! triumph to an extremity4 ,ev5 ! indefatigable ,arnauld seems to h promis$ to be quiet4 ,b ! ,jesuits 7 too consci\s ( _! p[]1 & too rel5tless 9 _! ho/ility1 to pause 9 _! det]m9ation to cru% _! oppon5ts4 ,!y _h rec\rse bo? to gibes & to active p]secution4 ,!y pr9t$ an almanac ) ! figure ( ,jans5 z frontispiece1 fly+ 9 ! guise ( a w+$ devil be=e ! ,pope & ! k+ into ! arms ( ! ,hugu5ots4 ,!y assail$ ! ,duc de ,lianc\rt1 & refus$ him absolution 9 8 own p>i% *ur*1 = no o!r reason b t he 0 on fri5dly relations ) ,port ,royal1 & w\ld n )draw1 at _! dem&1 8 gr&daught] f its protection4 ,?is affair1 :i* appe>s to h be5 delib]ately plann$1 caus$ a great s5sation1 & became1 /rangely1 ! indirect occasion ( ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s4' ,indignant at su* an outrage1 ,arnauld 0 no long] to be re/ra9$4 ,he ru%$ be=e ! public ) a pamphlet "u ! title1 8,lett] ( a ,doctor ( ! ,sorbonne to a ,p]son ( ,condition1 conc]n+ an ev5t :i* has rec5tly happ5$ 9 a p>i% ( ,p>is to a ,nobleman ( ! ,c\rt1 ,febru>y #bd1 #afee40 ,! ,lett] op5$ ) an expression ( 8 wi% to dispute no m2 b z ,sa9te-,beuve h9ts1 ! av[$ desire ( peace plung$ him all ! m into w>4 ,8 lett] call$ =? num]\s replies4 ,he respond$ by a 8,second ,lett]10 9 ! %ape ( a volume4 ,9 ?is lett] 8 enemies seem$ to see 8 fate writt54 ,!y extract$ f x two propositions :i* 9 _! view cle>ly contrav5$ ! ,papal v]dict--namely1 #a/1 t he _h express$ d\bts :e!r ! five propositions condemn$ z h]etical 7 9 ,jans5's book at all2 & #b;d1 t he _h really reproduc$ ! fir/ ( ! five condemn$ propositions 9 "o ( 8 own /atem5ts1 t accord+ to bo? ! ,gospel & ! ,fa!rs1 ,/ ,pet]1 a j man1 0 want+ 9 grace :5 he fell4 ,?is 0 no?+ b undisguis$ ,jans5ism1 & 8 accus]s 9 ! ,sorbonne ralli$ = 8 ov]?r[4 ,a meet+ 0 summon$ to consid] ! lett]1 & to judge x & ! au?or4 ,! details ( ! proce$+s w\ld we>y ! read]4 ,x is suffici5t to say t1 not)/&+ ! concessions wrung f ,arnauld1 "s ( :i* 7 humiliat+ en\gh1 he 0 condemn$ on ! fir/ po9t 7,jan4 #afef7--! great "q ( 8fait10 9 contra/ to ! "q ( 8droit10 involv$ 9 ! second /atem5t z to grace be+ want+ to ,/ ,pet] 9 8 fall4 ,8 condemnation1 h[ev]1 0 ma9ly secur$ by ! introduction ( a numb] ( monks :o swell$ ! majority aga9/ him1 & ! legality ( ^: vote 0 *all5g$ by _m memb]s4 ,b1 z ,pascal aft]w>ds said1 8x 0 easi] to f9d monks ?an argum5ts40 ,! second & doctr9al po9t receiv$ pr(ess$ly m delib]ate discussion4 ,! sitt+s reg>d+ x 7 protract$ till ! close ( ! mon?1 ! #bi? ( ,janu>y4 ,b ! result 0 really =e/all$4 ,! re/riction laid on free debate 0 su* z to lead no few] ?an sixty doctors to )draw1 prote/+ to ,p>liam5t aga9/ ! int]f]5ce ) _! rights4 ,_! prote/1 h[ev]1 came to no?+4 ,s5t5ce 0 f9ally pass$1 aga9/ n only ,arnauld1 b all :o adh]$ to him or esp\s$ 8 op9ions4 ,! victim1 ) 8 usual adroitness1 escap$ 8 pursu]s1 & w5t once m into a concealm5t :i* all _! vigilance c\ld n p5etrate4 ,two days aft] ! c5sure he wrote to "o ( 8 nieces1 8,i am 9 v close hid+1 & by ,god's grace )\t tr\ble or disquiet40 8,w\ld y l me to tell y :]e ,m4 ,arnauld is hidd580 inquir$ a lady ( ! g5d>mes :o 7 se>*+ h] h\se = traces ( him4 8,he is safely hidd5 "h10 po9t+ to h] he>t2 8arre/ him if y c40 ,x 0 9 ! int]val betwixt ! fir/ & second judgm5t ( ! ,sorbonne t ! fir/ ( ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s' appe>$4 ,! /ory is1 #aaf;a t dur+ ! c\rse ( ! process ,arnauld1 ,nicole1 & ,pascal1 along ) ,m4 ,vit>t1 ! /ew>d ( ! ,duc de ,luynes 7to :om ,arnauld's second ,lett] _h be5 address$71 & o!r fri5ds1 7 met 9 secrecy at ,port ,royal des ,*amps4 ,_! conv]sation turn$ to ! p5d+ case1 & ! misappreh5sions & prejudices :i* prevail$ 9 ! public m9d reg>d+ x4 ,x 0 felt t "s ef=t %\ld be made to cle> away ^! prejudices1 & to diffuse "r in=mation 9 a popul> =m4 ,arnauld1 ev] ready ) 8 p51 0 prep>$ himself to und]take ?is task2 & 9 a few days aft]w>ds he read to 8 fri5ds a long & s]i\s pap] 9 v9dication ( 8 position4 ,b 8 fri5ds 7 n mov$ z he expect$4 ,8 p51 p[]ful 9 its own sph]e1 0 n fitt$ to tell ^u ! popul> m9d2 & 8 audi5ce 7 too hone/ to conceal _! disappo9tm5t4 ,arnauld1 9 8 turn1 frankly ackn[l$g$ ! tru? =c$ ^u him4 8,i see y d n f9d my pap] :at y wi%$1 & ,i believe y are "r10 he said2 & !n1 turn+ all at once to ,pascal1 he said1 8,b y1 :o are "y1 :o are clev]1 #aaf;b y ought to d some?+40 ,! effect 0 n lo/ ^u ,pascal4 ,he div9$ ) 8 g5u9e lit]>y in/9ct exactly :at 0 requir$ 9 ! circum/ances1 al?\gh di/ru/+ 8 p[] to produce x4 ,he promis$1 h[ev]1 to make an attempt1 :i* 8 fri5ds might poli% & put 9 %ape z !y ?\ght fit4 ,next day he produc$ 8,a ,lett] writt5 to a ,prov9cial by "o ( 8 fri5ds40 ,! ,lett] 0 unanim\sly pron\nc$ exactly :at 0 requir$1 & ord]$ to be pr9t$4 ,x appe>$ on ! #bc;d ,janu>y #afef2 & a second foll[$ six days lat]4 ,no?+ c\ld h be5 happi] or m admirably suit$ = _! purpose ?an ^? ,lett]s4 ,!y took up ! subject = ! fir/ "t 9 a light intelligible to all4 ,!y br\ght to play ^u x n only a p5etrat+ & rapid intellig5ce1 b a brightness ( wit1 & a dramatic creativ5ess1 :i* made ! ,sorbonne & its p>ties1 ! ,jans5i/s & _! fri5ds1 alive be=e ! read]4 ,nev] 0 ! triumph ( g5ius ov] m]e le>n$ lab\r m complete4 ,arnauld1 z he li/5$ to !m1 mu/ h felt 8 own ?\ghts spr+ up be=e him into a liv+ %ape1 h>dly less />tl+ to himself ?an to 8 oppon5ts4 ,address+ 8 fri5d 9 ! c\ntry1 ! au?or expresses 8 surprise at :at he has come to le>n ( ! "* ( ! disputes divid+ ! ,sorbonne3-- 8,we h be5 impos$ ^u10 he says4 8,x 0 only ye/]day t ,i 0 undeceiv$4 ,until !n ,i _h ?\ght t ! disputes ( ! ,sorbonne 7 really important1 & deeply affect$ ! int]e/s ( religion4 ,! frequ5t convocation ( an assembly s illu/ri\s z t ( ! ,!ological ,faculty ( ,p>is1 att5d$ by s _m extraord9>y & unprec$5t$ circum/ances1 induc$ su* high expectations t "o c\ld n help believ+ ! bus9ess to be ( extraord9>y importance4 ,y w be mu* surpris$1 h[ev]1 :5 y le>n f ?is lett] ! up%ot ( ! gr& demon/ration4 ,i c expla9 ! matt] 9 a few words1 hav+ made myself p]fectly ma/] ( x40 ,two que/ions1 he says1 7 "u exam9ation--8! "o a "q ( fact1 ! o!r a "q ( "r40 ,he expla9s ! "q ( fact z consi/+ 9 ! po9t :e!r ,m4 ,arnauld 0 guilty ( tem]ity 9 express+ 8 d\bts z to ! propositions be+ 9 ,jans5's book aft] ! bi%ops _h decl>$ t !y 74 ,no few] ?an sev5ty-"o doctors und]took 8 def5ce1 ma9ta9+ t all t c\ld reasonably be ask$ ( him 0 to say t 8he _h n be5 able to f9d !m1 b t if !y 7 9 ! book1 he condemn$ !m !re40 8,"s10 he cont9ues1 8ev5 w5t a /ep f>!r1 & prote/$ t1 aft] all ! se>* !y _h made 9 ! book1 !y _h nev] /umbl$ ^u ^! propositions1 & t !y _h1 on ! contr>y1 f\nd s5tim5ts entirely at v>iance ) !m4 ,!y !n e>ne/ly begg$ t if any doctor pres5t _h discov]$ !m1 he w\ld h ! goodness to po9t !m out2 add+ t :at 0 s easy c\ld n be reasonably refus$1 z t w\ld be ! sure/ way to sil5ce all objectors1 ,m4 ,arnauld includ$4 ,b ?is !y h always refus$ to d4 ,s mu* = ! "o side4 8,on ! o!r side are eighty secul> doctors1 & "s =ty m5dicant fri>s1 :o h condemn$ ,m4 ,arnauld's proposition1 )\t *oos+ to exam9e :e!r he has spok5 truly or falsely--:o1 9 fact1 h decl>$ t !y h no?+ to d ) ! v]acity ( 8 proposition1 b simply ) its tem]ity4 ,besides ^! 7 fifte5 :o 7 n 9 fav\r ( ! c5sure1 & :o are call$ ,neutrals40 ,hav+ ?us /at$ ! "q ( fact1 & ! balance ( p>ties reg>d+ x1 ,pascal dismisses x at once1 important z x prov$ 9 ! aft]-hi/ory ( ,port ,royal4 8,z to ! issue ( ! "q ( fact1 ,i own ,i give myself v little conc]n4 ,x does n affect my consci5ce 9 ! lea/ :e!r ,m4 ,arnauld is presumptu\s or ! rev]se2 & %\ld ,i be tempt$ f curiosity to asc]ta9 :e!r ^! propositions are conta9$ 9 ,jans51 8 book is nei!r s v sc>ce nor s v l>ge b t ,i c read x all ?r\gh = my own enlight5m5t )\t consult+ ! ,sorbonne at all40 ,only1 :ile himself hi!rto incl9$ to believe ) common report t ! propositions 7 9 ,jans51 he 0 n[ almo/ l$ to d\bt t !y 7 s f ! absurd refusal to po9t !m out4 ,9 ?is respect he fe>s ! c5sure w d m h>m ?an good4 8,=1 9 tru?1 p h become sceptical ( late1 & w n believe ?+s till !y see !m40 ,b ! po9t be+ 9 itself s frivol\s1 he ha/5s to take up ! "q ( "r1 z t\*+ ! fai?4 ,& "h ! play ( ! dialogue beg9s3-- 8,y & ,i suppos$ t ! "q "h 0 "o involv+ ! deepe/ pr9ciples ( grace1 z to :e!r x is giv5 to all m51 or :e!r x is efficaci\s ( itself4 ,b truly we 7 deceiv$4 ,y mu/ "k ,i h become a great !ologian 9 a %ort "t1 & y w see ! pro(s ( x40 ,he describes1 !n1 h[ he _h made a visit to a doctor ( ! ,sorbonne1 :o 0 8 neighb\r1 & "o ( ! mo/ zeal\s oppon5ts ( ! ,jans5i/s1 to inquire into ! controv]sy4 ,he ask$ him :y ! "q z to grace %\ld n be set at re/ by a =mal decision t 8grace is really giv5 to all08 ,b he receiv$ a rude rebuff1 & 0 told t ?is 0 n ! po9t4 8,!re 7 ^? on 8 side :o held t grace is n giv5 to all1 & ev5 ! exam9]s !mselves _h decl>$1 9 a full meet+ ( ! ,sorbonne1 t ?is op9ion 0 problematical40 ,?is 01 9 fact1 8 own view2 & he confirm$ x by :at he said 0 a celebrat$ passage ( ,/ ,augu/9e1 8,we "k t grace is n giv5 to all m540 ,he 0 equally un=tunate 9 8 second inquiry4 ,8 neighb\r1 oppos$ z he 0 to ,jans5ism1 w\ld n condemn ! doctr9e ( efficaci\s grace4 ,! doctr9e1 on ! contr>y1 0 q or?odox1 0 held by ! ,jesuits1 & _h ev5 be5 def5d$ by himself 9 8 !sis at ! ,sorbonne4 ,! inquir] is conf\nd$1 & v5tures to ask !n 9 :at ,m4 ,arnauld's h]esy consi/$8 8,9 ?is10 replies 8 fri5d1 8t he does n ackn[l$ge t ! j h ! p[] ( obey+ ! comm&m5ts ( ,god 9 ! way 9 :i* we und]/& x40 ,hav+ got to :at he supposes ! 8he>t ( ! affair10 he po/s (f to a ,jans5i/ acqua9tance1 8a v dec5t man not)/&+40 ,b if he 0 puzzl$ be=e1 he is /ill m puzzl$ :5 he he>s ! wor?y ,jans5i/ decl>e t x is no h]esy to hold t 8all ! j h always ! p[] ( obey+ ! ,div9e comm&m5ts40 ,conf\nd$ by su* a reply1 he felt t he _h be5 too pla9-spok5 ) bo? ,jans5i/ & ,mol9i/4 #abj ,!re mu/ be some?+ m 9 ?is dispute ?an he und]/ood2 & if n1 !re 0 no reason :y !re %\ld n n[ be peace 9 ! ,*ur* & ! ,sorbonne4 ,he return$ to ! ,mol9i/1 :om he _h fir/ visit$1 ) ?is assurance4 ,! ,jans5i/s1 he said1 7 q at "o ) ! ,jesuits z to ! p[] ( ! righte\s always to obey ! comm&m5ts ( ,god4 8,all v well10 said he1 8b y mu/ be a !ologian to see ! gi/ ( ! matt]4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 u is s subtle t we c h>dly make x out ourselves4 ,x is q beyond y\r und]/&+4 ,suffice x = y to "k t ! ,jans5i/s w inde$ say t ! j h always ! p[] ( obey+ ! comm&m5ts--?is is n ! po9t 9 dispute2 b !y w n say t ?is p[] is proximate4 ,t is ! po9t40 ,my/ifi$ m ?an ev] by ?is new & unkn[n expression1 ( :i* he c\ld get no explanation1 ! inquir] n[ return$ to 8 ,jans5i/ fri5d to dem& ( him if he admitt$ x4 8,d y admit ! proximate p[]80 0 all t he c\ld say to him4 ,he _h *>g$ 8 memory c>efully ) ! expression1 all ! m t he did n und]/& x4 ,! ,jans5i/ smil$1 & said coldly1 8,tell me 9 :at s5se y use ! expression1 & ,i w tell y :at ,i believe ab\t x40 ,b ?is 0 j :at he c\ld n d4 ,s he gave ! haphaz>d answ]1 t he us$ x 89 ! s5se ( ! ,mol9i/s40 8,:i* ( ! ,mol9i/s80 0 ! rejo9d]4 8,all ( !m toge!r1 z be+ "o body1 & hav+ "o & ! same m9d10 0 ! second answ] at r&om3 ^u :i* he is assur$ he is v ill in=m$2 t ! ,mol9i/s1 in/ead ( be+ at "o1 are hopelessly divid$1 b t be+ unit$ 9 ! design to ru9 ,m4 ,arnauld1 !y h all agre$ to use ?is t]m1 und]/&+ x 9 diff]5t s5ses1 & s by an app>5t agreem5t to =m a compact body 9 ord] to cru% him m confid5tly4 ,! +5u\s inquir] hesitates to believe 9 su* wick$ness4 ,he pr(esses himself to be animat$ by a pure desire ( und]/&+ ! subject1 & asks /ill t ! my/]i\s ^w proximate may be expla9$ to him4 ,8 ,jans5i/ fri5d pr(esses a will+ness to enlight5 him1 b says t 8 explanation w\ld be liable to suspicion4 ,he mu/ h rec\rse to ^? :o inv5t$ ! expression1 & is ref]r$ to a ,m4 le ,mo9e1 on ! "o h&1 z repres5t+ ! ,mol9i/s or ,jesuits2 & a ,fa!r ,nicolai z repres5t+ ! ,dom9icans or 8,new ,?omi/s40 ,bo? ( ^! 7 real *>act]s3 ! =m] a doctor ( ! ,sorbonne1 & a viol5t anti-,jans5i/1 :o _h writt5 on ! subject ( grace2 ! latt] a ,dom9ican1 :o is said1 h[ev]1 by ,nicole to h ab&on$ ! pr9ciples ( 8 ord] & embrac$ ,pelagianism4 ,! bewild]$ seek] aft] !ological k resorts1 n to ^! wor?ies !mselves1 ) :om he pr(esses to h no acqua9tance1 b to c]ta9 disciples ( !irs4 ,9 ?is mann] he gets a def9ition ( 8proximate p[]10 f :i* x is app>5t t1 :ile ! ,jesuits & ,dom9icans are only agre$ 9 us+ ! same expression--! mean+s !y put into x be+ entirely diff]5t--! ,jans5i/s & ,dom9icans agree 9 sub/ance1 :ile only diff]+ 9 ! use ( words4 ,! passage 9 :i* ! result ( 8 successive int]views is describ$ is "o ( ! happie/ 9 ! lett]4 ,on receiv+ f ! ,dom9icans1 :om he t]ms 8,jacob9s10 f _! association ) ! ,rue de ,/ ,jacques1 :]e ! fir/ ,dom9ican conv5t 9 ,p>is 0 erect$1 an explanation ( ! doctr9e ( grace1 he exclaims3-- 8,capital6 ,s1 accord+ to y1 ! ,jans5i/s are ,ca?olics1 & ,m4 le ,mo9e a h]etic2 = ! ,jans5i/s say t ! j h ! p[] ( pray+1 b t fur!r efficaci\s grace is necess>y--& ?is is :at y also approve4 ,m4 le ,mo9e1 h[ev]1 says t ! j may pray )\t efficaci\s grace--& ?is y condemn4 #8,ay1' !y repli$1 #8b ,m4 le ,mo9e calls ?is p[] proximate p[]4' #8,b :at is ?is1 my fa!r1' ,i exclaim$ 9 turn1 #8b to play ) words--to say t y agree z to ! common t]ms y employ1 :ile y\r s5se is q diff]5t8' ,to ?is !y made no reply2 & at ?is v po9t ! disciple ( ,m4 le ,mo9e1 ) :om ,i _h consult$1 arriv$ by :at seem$ to me a lucky & extraord9>y conjuncture4 ,b ,i aft]w>ds f\nd t ^! meet+s 7 n uncommon2 t1 9 fact1 !y 7 cont9ually mix+ ! "o ) ! o!r4 ,i address$ myself imm$iately to ,m4 le ,mo9e's disciple3 #8,i "k "o1' said ,i1 #8:o ma9ta9s t ! j h always ! p[] ( pray+ to ,god1 b t nev]!less !y nev] pray )\t an efficaci\s grace :i* det]m9es !m1 & :i* is n always giv5 by ,god to all ! j4 ,is su* a "o a h]etic8' #8,wait1' said my doctor2 #8y take me by surprise4 ,come1 g5tly4 ,di/+uo4 ,if he calls ?is p[] proximate p[]1 he is a ,?omi/1 & yet a ,ca?olic2 if n1 he is a ,jans5i/1 & !re=e a h]etic4' #8,he calls x1' said ,i1 #8nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r4' #8,he is a h]etic !n1' said he2 #8ask ^! good fa!rs4' ,x 0 unnecess>y to appeal to !m1 = already !y _h ass5t$ by a nod ( _! heads4 ,b ,i insi/$4 #8,he refuses to use ! ^w proximate1 because no "o c expla9 x to him4' ,:]eupon "o ( ! fa!rs 0 ab\t to give 8 def9ition ( ! t]m1 :5 he 0 int]rupt$ by ,m4 le ,mo9e's disciple4 #8,:at6' said he2 #8d y wi% to recomm5ce our qu>rels8 ,h we n agre$ nev] to attempt an explanation ( ?is ^w proximate1 b to use x on bo? sides )\t say+ :at x means8' ,& to ?is ! ,jacob9 ass5t$4 ,i saw at once into _! plot1 & ris+ to quit !m1 ,i said1 #8,( a tru?1 my fa!rs1 ?is is no?+1 ,i fe>1 b a quibble2 & :atev] may come ( y\r meet+s1 ,i v5ture to pr$ict t :5 ! c5sure is pass$1 peace w n be re/or$4 4 4 ,surely x is unwor?y1 bo? ( ! ,sorbonne & ( !ology1 to make use ( equivocal & capti\s t]ms )\t giv+ any explanation ( !m4 ,tell me1 ,i entreat y1 = ! la/ "t1 fa!rs1 :at ,i mu/ believe 9 ord] to be a ,ca?olic8' #8,y mu/ say1' !y all cri$ at once1 #8t all ! j h ! proximate p[]4' 4 4 4 #8,:at necessity c !re be1' ,i argu$1 #8= us+ a ^w :i* has nei!r au?ority nor def9ite mean+8' #8,y are an op9ionative fell[1' !y repli$4 #8,y %all use ! ^w1 or y are a h]etic1 & ,m4 ,arnauld also2 = we are ! majority1 & if necess>y we c br+ ! ,cordeli]s into ! field & c>ry ! day4'0 ,! second ,lett]1 entitl$ 8,( ,suffici5t ,grace10 is exactly 9 ! same ve93-- 8,j z ,i _h seal$ my la/ lett]10 ! writ] op5s1 8,i receiv$ a visit f our old fri5d1 ,m4 ,n---1 a mo/ =tunate circum/ance = ! gratification ( my curiosity4 ,= he is ?or\ghly in=m$ 9 ! que/ions ( ! day1 & up to all ! secrets ( ! ,jesuits1 at ^: h\ses1 includ+ ^? ( ! lead+ m51 he is a con/ant visitor40 ,us+ 8 fri5d conv5i5tly z an in=mant1 ,pascal proce$s to expla9 to ! ,prov9cial ! "q ( suffici5t grace z betwixt ! ,jesuits1 ,jans5i/s1 & ,dom9icans4 ,! amusem5t ( ! ,lett] consi/s 9 ! mann] 9 :i* he br+s out1 z be=e1 ! sub/antial id5tity 9 op9ion ( ! ,dom9icans & ,jans5i/s1 not)/&+ ! junction ( ! =m] ) ! ,jesuits to oppress ! latt]4 ,! ,jesuits hold ! old ,pelagian doctr9e t grace is giv5 to all1 dep5d5t = its efficacy ^u ! free w ( ! recipi5t4 ,?is is ) !m suffici5t grace4 ,! ,jans5i/s foll[ ,/ ,augu/9e1 & w n all[ any grace to be suffici5t :i* is n also efficaci\s4 ,:at is ! view ( ! ,dom9ican8-- 8,x is r an odd "o10 he says2 8= :ile !y agree ) ! ,jesuits 9 all[+ a suffici5t grace giv5 to all m51 !y nev]!less hold t ) ?is grace alone m5 _c act1 b require fur!r f ,god an efficaci\s grace :i* det]m9es _! w to action1 & :i* is n giv5 to all40 ,9 %ort1 ?is grace is suffici5t )\t be+ s4 ,x be>s ! same "n z ! grace ( ! ,jesuits1 b 9 reality ! ,dom9ican doctr9e is t ( ! ,jans5i/s1 t m5 require efficaci\s grace 9 ord] to pi\s action4 ,:at is ! mean+ ( all ?is jumble ( op9ion8 ,simply1 t ! ,dom9icans are too p[]ful to be qu>rell$ )4 ,! ,jesuits are cont5t t !y %\ld s f> use ! same language ) !m4 8,!y d n insi/ ^u _! d5y+ ! necessity ( efficaci\s grace4 ,?is w\ld be to press !m too f>4 ,p %\ld n tyrannise ov] _! fri5ds2 & ! ,jesuits h really ga9$ en\gh4 ,b ! _w is cont5t ) words2 & s ! "n ( suffici5t grace be+ receiv$ on all sides1 ?\gh 9 diff]5t s5ses1 none except ! mo/ subtle !ologians c dream t ! expression does n signify ! same to ! ,jacob9s & ! ,jesuits2 & ! result w %[ t ! latt] are n ! greate/ dupes40 ,?is conclusion becomes ! subject ( conv]sational by-play1 simil> to t ( ! fir/ ,lett]3-- 8,i w5t /raight10 adds ! writ]1 8to ! ,jacob9s1 at ^: door ,i f\nd a good fri5d ( m9e1 a great ,jans5i/--= y mu/ "k ,i h fri5ds among/ all p>ties--:o 0 inquir+ = ano!r fa!r1 diff]5t f ! "o ,i want$4 ,b ,i p]suad$ him to accompany me1 & ask$ = "o ( my ,new ,?omi/ fri5ds4 ,he 0 delight$ to see me aga94 #8,ah1 well1' ,i said to him1 #8x seems x is n en\gh t all m5 h a proximate p[] by :i* !y c nev] act ) effect2 !y mu/ also h a suffici5t grace1 ) :i* !y c act j z little4 ,is n ?is ! op9ion ( y\r s*ool8' #8,yes1' said ! good fa!r1 #8& ,i h ?is v morn+ be5 ma9ta9+ ?is 9 ! ,sorbonne4 ,i spoke my full half-h\r2 & _h x n be5 = ! s&-glass1 ,i bade fair to rev]se ! unlucky prov]b :i* circulates 9 ,p>is--8,he votes ) 8 cap m]ely by nodd+ 8 ass5t1 )\t speak+ l a monk ( ! ,sorbonne40' #8,& :at ab\t y\r half-h\r & y\r s&-glass8' said ,i4 #8,d !y %ape y\r disc\rses by a c]ta9 measure8' #8,yes1' said he1 #8= "s days pa/4' #8,& d !y oblige y to speak half an h\r8' #8,no1 we may speak z %ortly z we l4' #8,b n1' ,i said1 #8z mu* z y l4 ,:at a capital rule = ! ignorant--:at an excell5t excuse = ^? :o h no?+ wor? say+6 ,b to come to ! po9t1 my fa!r--?is grace :i* is giv5 to all1 is x suffici5t8' #8,yes1' said he4 #8,& yet x has no effect )\t efficaci\s grace8' #8,q true1' said he4 #8,& all m5 h ! suffici5t1 b n all ! efficaci\s8' #8,exactly s4' #8,t is to say1' ,i urg$1 #8t all h en\gh grace1 & yet n en\gh--t !re is a grace :i* is suffici5t1 & yet does n suffice4 ,9 good soo?1 my fa!r1 t is subtle doctr9e4 ,h y =gott51 9 quitt+ ! _w1 :at ! ^w suffici5t means8 ,d y n rememb] t x includes ev]y?+ necess>y = act+8 4 4 4 ,h[1 !n1 d y leave x to be said1 t all m5 h suffici5t grace = act+1 :ile y confess t ano!r grace is absolutely necess>y = act+1 & t all h n ?is8 4 4 4 ,is x a matt] ( indiff]5ce to say t ) suffici5t grace we c really act8' #8,indiff]5ce6' said he2 #8:y1 x is h]esy--=mal h]esy4 ,! necessity ( efficaci\s grace = effective action is a po9t ( fai?4 ,x is h]esy to d5y ?is4' #8,:]e1 !n1 are we n[8 & :at side mu/ ,i take8 ,if ,i d5y suffici5t grace1 ,i am a ,jans5i/4 ,if ,i admit x1 l ! ,jesuits1 s t efficaci\s grace is no long] necess>y1 ,i %all be a h]etic1 y say4 ,& if ,i admit x1 z y d1 s t efficaci\s grace is /ill necess>y1 :y ,i s9 aga9/ common-s5se1 ,i am a blockhead1 say ! ,jesuits4 ,:at c ,i d 9 ?is dilemma1 ( be+ a blockhead1 a h]etic1 or a ,jans5i/8 ,to :at a /rait are we come1 if x is only ,jans5i/s1 aft] all1 :o are at v>iance ) nei!r fai? nor reason1 & :o pres]ve !mselves bo? f folly & error8'0 ,! ,dom9ican1 9 %ort1 is made to appe> v ridicul\s 9 8 union ) ! ,jesuits4 ,cle>ly he fights on _! side aga9/ ! ,jans5i/s at ! exp5se ( 8 hone/y & consi/5cy4 ,he is conf\nd$ by a p>able repres5t+ ! absurdity ( 8 position4 8#8,x is all v easy to talk1' 0 all he c\ld say 9 reply4 #8,y are an indep5d5t & private p]son2 ,i am a monk1 & 9 a community4 ,d y n und]/& ! diff]5ce8 ,we dep5d ^u sup]iors2 !y dep5d ^u o!rs4 ,!y h promis$ our votes1 & :at w\ld y h me to d8' ,we und]/ood 8 allusion1 & rememb]$ h[ a bro!r monk _h be5 bani%$ to ,abbeville = a simil> cause40 ,! writ] is dispos$ to pity ! monk z he relates ) a melan*oly tone h[ ! ,dom9icans1 :o _h f ! "t ( ,/ ,?omas be5 su* ard5t def5d]s ( ! doctr9e ( grace1 _h be5 entrapp$ into mak+ common cause ) ! ,jesuits4 ,! latt]1 avail+ !mselves ( ! confusion & ignorance introduc$ by ! ,re=mation1 _h dissem9at$ _! pr9ciples ) great rapidity1 & become ma/]s ( ! popul> belief2 :ile ! poor ,dom9icans f\nd !mselves 9 ! pr$icam5t ( ei!r be+ d5\nc$ z ,calv9i/s1 & treat$ z ! ,jans5i/s !n 71 or ( fall+ into ! use ( a common language ) ! ,jesuits4 ,:at o!r c\rse 0 op5 to !m 9 su* a case ?an t ( sav+ ! tru? at ! exp5se ( _! own cr$it6 & :ile admitt+ ! "n ( suffici5t grace1 d5y+1 aft] all1 t x 0 suffici5t6 ,t 0 ! real hi/ory ( ! bus9ess4 ,?is pitiful /ory ( ! ,new ,?omi/ awak5s a respond5t pity 9 ! writ]4 ,b 8 ,jans5i/ companion is r\s$ to indignant remon/rance3-- 8,d n flatt] y\rselves10 he exclaims1 8t y h sav$ ! tru?4 ,if x _h no o!r protector ?an y1 x w\ld h p]i%$ 9 su* feeble h&s4 ,y h receiv$ into ! ,*ur* ! "n ( its enemy1 & ?is is to receive ! enemy itself4 ,names are insep>able f ?+s4 ,if ! t]m suffici5t grace be once admitt$1 y may talk f9ely ab\t only und]/&+ !reby a grace insuffici5t2 b ?is w be ( no avail4 ,y\r explanation w be held z odi\s 9 ! _w1 :]e m5 speak f> m s9c]ely ( less important ?+s4 ,! ,jesuits w triumph4 ,x w be _! suffici5t grace1 & n y\rs--:i* is only a "n--:i* w be accept$4 ,x w be !irs1 :i* is ! rev]se ( y\rs1 t w become an article ( fai?40 ,9 va9 ! ,new ,?omi/ proclaims 8 read9ess to suff] m>tyrdom r ?an all[ ?is1 & to ma9ta9 ! great doctr9e ( ,/ ,?omas to ! dea?4 ,8 allusion to ! importance ( ! doctr9e only calls =? m sev]ely ! indignant eloqu5ce ( ! ,jans5i/1 & he br+s ! ,lett] to a close 9 a passage :i* =e/alls ! grav] & l(ti] tone ( ! lat] ,lett]s4 8,confess1 my fa!r1 t y\r ord] has receiv$ an hon\r :i* x ill dis*>ges4 ,x ab&ons t grace :i* has be5 intru/$ to x1 & :i* has nev] be5 ab&on$ s9ce ! creation ( ! _w4 ,t victori\s grace :i* 0 expect$ by patri>*s1 pr$ict$ by prophets1 introduc$ by ,jesus ,*ri/1 prea*$ by ,/ ,paul1 expla9$ by ,/ ,augu/9e1 ! greate/ ( ! ,fa!rs1 embrac$ by 8 foll[]s1 confirm$ by ,/ ,b]n>d1 ! la/ ( ! ,fa!rs1 su/a9$ by ,/ ,?omas1 ! ,angel ( ! ,s*ools1 transmitt$ by him to y\r ord]1 ma9ta9$ by s _m ( y\r fa!rs1 & s glori\sly def5d$ by y\r monks "u ,popes ,clem5t & ,paul--t efficaci\s grace :i* 0 left 9 y\r h&s z a sacr$ deposit1 t x might always1 9 a sacr$ & endur+ ord]1 f9d prea*]s to proclaim x to ! _w till ! end ( "t--f9ds itself des]t$ = int]e/s utt]ly unwor?y4 ,x is "t t o!r h&s %\ld arm !mselves 9 its qu>rel4 ,x is "t t ,god %\ld raise up intrepid disciples to ! ,doctor ( ,grace1 :o1 /rang]s to ! entanglem5ts ( ! _w1 %\ld s]ve ,god = ! sake ( ,god4 ,grace may no long] c\nt ! ,dom9icans among h] def5d]s2 b %e w nev] want def5d]s1 = %e creates !m = h]self by h] own almighty /r5g?4 ,%e dem&s pure & dis5gag$ he>ts1 nay1 %e h]self purifies & deliv]s !m f worldly int]e/s inconsi/5t ) ! tru?s ( ! ,gospel4 ,consid] well1 my fa!r1 & take he$ le/ ,god remove ! c&le-/ick f its place1 & leave y 9 d>kness & di%on\r to puni% ! coldness :i* y h %[n 9 a cause s important to ,8 ,*ur*40 ,! fir/ two ,lett]s are closely connect$4 ,!y deal ) ! special "q betwe5 ,arnauld & ! ,sorbonne4 ,a %ort 8,reply f ! ,prov9cial0 is int]pos$ betwe5 ! second & ?ird4 ,?is reply may be suppos$ to be a "p ( ! device employ$ by ,pascal to ar\se public att5tion & circulate ! ,lett]s4 ,! fri5d 9 ! c\ntry tells h[ !y h excit$ univ]sal int]e/4 ,ev]ybody has se5 !m1 he>d !m1 & believ$ !m4 ,!y are valu$ n m]ely by !ologians1 b m5 ( ! _w1 & ladies1 h f\nd !m intelligible & delightful read+4 ,?is is no exagg]at$ picture ( ! s5sation :i* !y produc$4 ,_! success 0 prodigi\s1 & increas$ ) e successive ,lett]4 ,9 an atmosph]e *>g$ ) ! !ological _s1 yet we>i$ ) ! dulness ( !ological controv]sy1 ,pascal's mode ( treat+ ! subject came z a brea? ( new life4 ,"h 0 "o :o 0 evid5tly no m]e !ologian--:o knew human nature z well z ,div9e tru?4 ,8 cle> & p5etrat+ intellect saw at once ! _m aspects ( ! dispute ly+ deep 9 ! human int]e/s & passions engag$2 & z he t\*$ ^! "o by "o1 & by subtle & vivid /rokes br\ght !m to ! front--z ,mol9i/1 ,new ,?omi/1 & ,jans5i/ appe>$ ^u ! sc5e1 & %[$ 9 _! natural *>act]s :at play ( dramatic life 0 mov+ "u all ! dulness ( ! debate at ! ,sorbonne--!re 0 a univ]sal outcry ( welcome4 ,! ,lett]s pass$ f h& to h&4 ,! po/-(fice reap$ a h>ve/ ( pr(it2 copies w5t ?r\gh ! :ole k+dom4 8#8,y c h no idea h[ mu* ,i am oblig$ to y = ! ,lett] y s5t me1' writes a fri5d to a lady2 #8x is s v +5i\s1 & s nicely writt54 ,x n>rates )\t n>rat+4 ,x cle>s up ! mo/ intricate matt]s possible2 its raill]y is exquisite2 x enlight5s ^? :o "k little ( ! subject1 & imp>ts d\ble delight to ^? :o und]/& x4 ,x is an admirable apology2 & if !y w\ld take x1 a delicate & innoc5t c5sure4 ,9 %ort1 ! ,lett] displays s mu* art1 s mu* _s1 & s mu* judgm5t1 t ,i burn ) curiosity to "k :o wrote x4'0 ,?is is ! report ( ! ,prov9cial2 & if x is ,pascal himself :o speaks1 he _h little idea t 8 own bad9age w\ld be e*o$ by grave critics1 9 aft]-ye>s1 z n 9 excess ( ! actual m]it ( 8 productions4 8,! be/ com$ies ( ,molire10 says ,voltaire1 8h n m wit ?an ! fir/ ,prov9cial ,lett]s40 ,x mu/ be admitt$ t ! brightness ( ! wit is some:at dimm$ aft] ! lapse ( two c5turies4 ,ev5 ! g5ius ( ,pascal fails to light5 all ! tortu\s absurdities ( controv]sies s purely v]bal1 & !re is an occasional baldness 9 ! clev] device ( pitt+ ,mol9i/1 ,new ,?omi/1 & ,jans5i/ aga9/ "o ano!r4 ,! pr(ess$ artlessness ( ! spee*es is at times too app>5t4 ,b no?+1 ^u ! :ole1 c be f9] ?an ! address ) :i* ?is is done2 ! *anges ( sc5e & ! turns ( ! dialogue are manag$ ) admirable felicity2 !re is an exquisite fitness & ,socratic po9t 9 all ! evolutions ( ! argum5t1 :i* we feel ev5 n[ :5 we see s cle>ly beh9d ! sc5es1 & "k t ,mol9i/ & ,new ,?omi/ mu/ h _h a good deal m to say = !mselves4 ,we h only to imag9e ! atmosph]e ( ! ,sorbonne1 or ! wid] social atmosph]e ?r\gh\t ,france 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 impregnat$ to its core by a subtle controv]sial ecclesia/icism1 to realise ! impression made by 8! ,small ,lett]s40 ,! "q ev]y:]e 01 ,:o c\ld h writt5 !m8 ,!re seems at fir/ to h be5 no suspicion ( ,pascal4 ,he _h previ\sly only be5 kn[n z a sci5tific writ]2 & ! secret 01 ( c\rse1 jeal\sly gu>d$4 ,al?\gh plann$ at ,port ,royal des ,*amps1 he did n rema9 !re :ile engag$ 9 _! composition4 ,he repair$1 z we h already said1 to ,p>is1 & aft] a :ile took up 8 abode 8at a little inn opposite to ! ,jesuit ,college ( ,cl]mont1 j beh9d ! ,sorbonne40 ,"h he lodg$ ) 8 bro!r-9-law1 ,m4 ,pri]1 :o _h lately come to ,p>is2 & "h1 too1 ! latt] 0 visit$ by ,pre ,defrtat1 a ,jesuit & di/ant relative1 :o came to tell him t ! suspicions ( ! ,society 7 beg9n+ to po9t to ,pascal4 ,all ! :ile ,pascal 0 busy 9 ! room bel[2 &1 8beh9d ! clos$ curta9s ( ! b$ by ! side ( :i* !y 7 talk+1 a score ( fre% impressions ( ! sev5? ,lett] 7 laid out to dry40 #acb ,pascal rejoic$ 9 8 incognito4 ,x 0 n till ! controv]sy _h some:at advanc$ t he assum$ ! pseudonym ,l\is de ,montalte4 ,! ?ird ,lett] he clos$ my/]i\sly ) ! lett]s ,e4 ,a4 ,a4 ,b4 ,p4 ,a4 ,f4 ,d4 ,e4 ,p41 :i* h be5 int]pret$ to mean 8,et anci5 ami ,blaise ,pascal1 ,auv]gnat1 fils de ti5ne ,pascal40 ,!re c be no d\bt t he took a di/9ct pleasure 9 ! anonym\s w\nds :i* he inflict$4 ,he _h a c]ta9 love ( controv]sy f ! beg9n+1 a feel+ ( self-ass]tion :5 he took up a cause1 & a p]sonal ambition to triumph 9 x1 :i* c>ri$ him =w>d1 & :i* come out ) almo/ pa9ful vividness 9 ! clos+ lett]s4 ,! rage ( ! ,jesuits may be imag9$4 ,at fir/ !y h>dly knew :e!r to laugh ) ! _w or to be indignant4 ,! fir/ ,lett] 0 read 9 ! d9+-hall ( ! ,sorbonne itself4 ,"s 7 amus$1 o!rs greatly provok$4 ,b1 z ! ,lett]s proce$$1 !re 0 no room = any feel+ b indignation4 ,x 0 s difficult to set =? any direct reply to productions m+l+ su* a subtle irony ) grave attack4 ,!y c\ld only say ( !m1 z !y aft]w>ds m =mally did--,les m5teurs immortelles4 ,( ! fir/ ,lett]s x is said t #fjjj copies 7 pr9t$2 b1 z !y 7 easily pass$ f h& to h&1 ?is gives no idea ( ! numb]s :o actually read !m4 ,_! fame grew ) ea* successive issue4 ,m ?an #aj1jjj copies 7 pr9t$ ( ! sev5te5? ,lett]2 & editions ( ! e>li] ones 7 s frequ5tly repr9t$1 t x c no long] be told :i* belong$ really to ! fir/ edition4 ,x is impossible1 & w\ld be useless1 = u to attempt any description ( ! :ole s]ies ( ,lett]s4 ,we h ?\ght x "r to dwell at "s l5g? on ! fir/ two1 because !y ent] s directly into ! controv]sy betwixt ,pascal's fri5ds & ! ,sorbonne1 & because !y are really1 9 "s respects1 ! clev]e/1 if n ! mo/ valuable4 ,! ?ird ,lett]1 on ! 8,c5sure ( ,m4 ,arnauld10 & aga91 ! ?ree conclud+ ,lett]s1 #acc are closely connect$ ) ! fir/ two4 ,_! object1 9 "o =m or ano!r1 is ! def5ce ( ! ,jans5i/ doctr9e1 & ( ! ,port ,royali/s1 z its support]s4 ,! int]v5+ twelve ,lett]s /& q by !mselves4 ,!y op5 up ! :ole subject ( ! moral !ology ( ! ,jesuits1 & con/itute ! mo/ p[]ful assault probably ev] direct$ aga9/ x4 ,! subject is "o :i*1 9 a volume l ?is1 we c only t\* ^u1 & ?is m ) ! view ( draw+ out ! m>k$ lit]>y features ( ,pascal's assault1 ?an ( m$dl+ ) ! m]its ( ! controv]sy :i* he wag$ s rel5tlessly4 ,9 ! meantime1 we mu/ w9d up1 z briefly z possible1 ! m p]sonal aspects ( ! controv]sy4 ,betwe5 ! date ( ! second & ! ?ird ,lett]1 ! process be=e ! ,sorbonne _h be5 f9i%$1 & ,m4 ,arnauld's c5sure pron\nc$4 ,! ?ird ,lett] deals ) ?is c5sure4 ,! writ] repres5ts ! long prep>ation = x1 ! mann] 9 :i* ! ,jans5i/s _h be5 d5\nc$ z ! vile/ ( h]etics1 8! cabals1 factions1 errors1 s*isms1 & outrages ) :i* !y h be5 s long *>g$40 ,:o w\ld n h ?\ght1 9 su* circum/ances1 t ! 8blacke/ h]esy imag9able0 w\ld h come =? "u ! condemn+ t\* ( ! ,sorbonne8 ,all ,*ri/5dom wait$ = ! result4 ,x 0 true t ,m4 ,arnauld _h back$ up 8 op9ions by ! cle>e/ quotations f ! ,fa!rs1 express+ app>5tly ! v ?+s ) :i* he _h be5 *>g$4 ,b po9ts ( diff]5ce imp]ceptible to ord9>y eyes w\ld no d\bt be made cle> "u ! p5etration ( s _m le>n$ doctors4 ,?\ghts ( ?is k9d kept ev]ybody 9 a /ate ( brea?less susp5se wait+ = ! result4 8,b1 alas6 h[ has ! expectation be5 balk$6 ,:e!r ! ,mol9i/ doctors h n deign$ to l[] !mselves to ! level ( in/ruct+ u1 or = "s o!r secret reason1 !y h done no?+ else ?an pron\nce ! foll[+ words3 #8,?is proposition is ra%1 impi\s1 blasphem\s1 des]v+ ( ana!ma1 & h]etical6'0 ,x 0 n to be wond]$ at1 9 ! circum/ances1 t p 7 9 a bad hum\r1 & 7 beg9n+ to ?9k t aft] all !re may h be5 no real h]esy 9 ,m4 ,arnauld's proposition4 ,a h]esy :i* c\ld n be def9$1 except 9 g5]al t]ms ( abuse1 seem$ at ! lea/ d\btful4 ,! writ] is puzzl$1 z usual1 & has rec\rse to 8"o ( ! mo/ intellig5t ( ! ,sorbonni/s0 :o _h be5 s f> neutral 9 ! discussion1 & :om he asks to po9t out ! diff]5ce betwixt ,m4 ,arnauld & ! ,fa!rs4 ,! 8intellig5t0 ,sorbonni/ is amus$ at ! navet ( ! inquiry4 8,d y fancy10 he says1 8t if !y c\ld h f\nd any diff]5ce !y w\ld n h po9t$ x out80 ,b :y1 !n1 pursues ! +5u\s inquir]1 %\ld !y 9 su* a case pass c5sure8-- 8#8,h[ little y und]/& ! tactics ( ! ,jesuits6' is ! answ]4 #8,h[ few w ev] look into ! matt] beyond ! fact t ,m4 ,arnauld is condemn$6 ,let x be only cri$ 9 ! /reets1 8,"h is ! condemnation ( ,m4 ,arnauld60 ,?is is en\gh to give ! ,jesuits a triumph ) ! un?9k+ populace4 ,?is is ! way 9 :i* !y live & prosp]4 ,n[ x is by a cate*ism 9 :i* a *ild is made to condemn _! oppon5ts2 n[ by a procession1 9 :i* ,suffici5t ,grace leads ,efficaci\s ,grace 9 triumph2 & by-&-by by a com$y1 9 :i* ! devils c>ry (f ,jans52 sometimes by an almanac2 & n[ by ?is c5sure4' ,! tru? is1 t x is ,m4 ,arnauld himself1 & n m]ely 8 op9ions1 t are obnoxi\s4 ,ev5 ,m4 le ,mo9e himself admitt$ #8t ! same proposition w\ld h be5 or?odox 9 ! m\? ( any o!r2 x is only z com+ f ,m4 ,arnauld t ! ,sorbonne h condemn$ x4' 4 4 4 ,"h is a new species ( h]esy10 concludes ! writ]4 8,x is n ! s5tim5ts ( ,m4 ,arnauld t are h]etical1 b only 8 p]son4 ,x is a case ( p]sonal h]esy4 ,he is n a h]etic = any?+ he has said or writt51 b simply because he is ,m4 ,arnauld4 ,?is is all !y c say aga9/ him4 ,:atev] he may d1 unless he cease to exi/ he w nev] be a good ,ca?olic4 ,! grace ( ,/ ,augu/9e w nev] be ! true grace :ile he def5ds x4 ,x w\ld be all "r 7 he only to combat x4 ,?is w\ld be a sure /roke1 & almo/ ! only means ( e/abli%+ x & de/roy+ ,mol9ism4 ,su* is ! fatality ( any op9ions :i* he embraces40 ,9 ! ?ree conclud+ ,lett]s1 z we h said1 ,pascal rev]ts to ! special subject ( ,jans5ism & ,port ,royal4 ,^! ,lett]s are consid]ably long] ?an ! op5+ ones4 ,x is ( ! sixte5?1 9 fact1 t he makes ! well-kn[n rem>k1 t 8x 0 v long because he _h no "t to make x %ort]40 ,^u ! :ole1 also1 ^! ,lett]s are less happy 9 /yle & mann]4 ,x is evid5t t ,pascal1 if he gave bl[s :i* made 8 oppon5ts & ! oppon5ts ( ,port ,royal w9ce1 also receiv$ "s bruises 9 return4 ,! %amelessness ( ! attacks made ^u 8 fri5ds & himself1 contemptible z !y 7 9 _! nature1 left sc>s ^u a m9d & temp] s s5sitive & res]v$ z 84 ,! 8insuff]able audacity0 ) :i* 8holy nuns & _! directors0 _h be5 *>g$ ) disbeliev+ ! my/]ies ( ! fai? 0 8a crime :i* ,god alone 0 capable ( puni%+40 ,to be> su* a *>ge requir$ a degree ( humility equal to t ( ! nuns !mselves--to believe x1 8a degree ( wick$ness equal to t ( _! wret*$ defam]s40 ,z = himself1 x seem$ en\gh to say ( him t he belong$ to ,port ,royal1 z if x 7 only at ,port ,royal t !re c\ld be f\nd ^? capable ( def5d+ ! purity ( ,*ri/ian morality4 ,he knew & hon\r$ ! "w ( ! pi\s recluses :o _h retir$ to t mona/]y1 al?\gh 8he _h nev] _h ! hon\r ( belong+ to !m40 ,& 9 ! sev5te5? ,lett] he says3-- 8,i h no m to say ?an t ,i am n a memb] ( t community1 & to ref] y to my lett]s1 9 :i* ,i h decl>$ t #8,i am a private individual2' & aga9 9 s _m words t #8,i am n ( ,port ,royal4' 4 4 4 ,y may t\* ,port ,royal if y *oose1 b y %all n t\* me4 ,y may turn p out ( ! ,sorbonne1 b t w n turn me out ( my lodg+40 ,^! /atem5ts1 ( c\rse1 are to be receiv$ z s f> a "p ( ! disguise "u :i* ,pascal pursu$ 8 task4 ,x 0 true t he _h no (ficial connection ) ,port ,royal1 t he 0 "u no rule to live 9 its retirem5ts1 & t he 0 only occasionally f\nd !re4 ,he 0 s+ul>ly free1 8)\t engagem5ts1 entanglem5t1 relation%ip1 or bus9ess ( any k9d40 ,all ! same he 0 a ,port ,royali/ 9 sympa?y & community ( op9ion4 ,! int]e/s ( ,port ,royal 7 8 int]e/s1 & its fri5ds 8 fri5ds4 ,8 own si/] 0 "o ( its zeal\s inmates4 ,!re is a c]ta9 =ce1 !re=e1 9 ! taunt t ,pascal1 9 8unmask+ ! duplicity ( ! ,jesuits1 did n hesitate to imitate x40 ,8 /atem5ts are n beyond ! lic5ce accord$ to ^? :o w\ld drive an enemy (f ! sc5t1 & %elt] !mselves )9 an anonymity :i* !y h *os5 to assume2 b !y are none ! less artful & mislead+4 ,!y ju/ify !mselves z ! f5ce ( ! littrateur1 h>dly z ! arm\r ( ! morali/4 ,b ! tru? is1 t long be=e ?is ,pascal _h w>m$ to 8 "w z a controv]siali/4 ,he 0 det]m9$ to give no advantage1 & to sp>e no weapons )9 ! b\nds ( dec5cy1 t might make ! ,jesuits feel ! =ce ( 8 assault4 ,_! accusation ( h]esy especially exasp]at$ him4 8,:5 0 ,i ev] se5 at ,*>5ton80 #ach he says 9 ! sev5te5? ,lett]1 address$ to ! ,jesuit ,fa!r ,annat4 8,:5 h ,i fail$ 9 my pres5ce at mass1 or 9 my ,*ri/ian duty to my p>i% *ur*8 ,:at act ( union ) h]etics1 or ( s*ism ) ! ,*ur*1 c y lay to my *>ge8 ,:at c\ncil h ,i contradict$8 ,:at ,papal con/itution h ,i violat$8 ,y mu/ answ]1 fa!r2 else--y "k :at ,i mean40 ,! ,jans5i/ doctr9e ( grace1 z we h already expla9$1 approa*$ indef9itely ! doctr9e ( ,calv94 ,bo? 7 d]iv$ f ,augu/9e2 & ,/ ,?omas1 z 8 int]pret]1 h&$ on to ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies ! preci\s deposit4 ,! l9e ( ?\ght 0 cont9u\s1 & x 0 n easy to break x at ,calv91 & isolate him z a h]etic1 :ile hold+ to o!r tea*]s z ,ca?olic & or?odox4 ,?is 0 ! dilemma ( ! ,new ,?omi/s1 s pi?ily express$ by "o ( !mselves 9 ! second ,lett]4 ,b x 0 also ,pascal's own dilemma2 & ! consci\sness :i* he & 8 fri5ds _h ( ! ne>ness ( ! ,jans5i/ doctr9e to t ( ,calv91 made !m all ! m s5sitive "u ! *>ge ( h]esy4 ,! ,jesuits _h art en\gh to see ! advantages :i* came f ?is association4 ,! ,port ,royali/s & ,pascal fail$ 9 ! magnanimity :i* clung to a tru? no less because x 0 id5tifi$ ) an abus$ "n4 ,!y insi/$ ^u di/+ui%+ betwe5 ! t5ets ( ,jans5 & ,calv9ism4 ,if :at ! ,papal decree meant & ! ,sorbonne meant 9 ! condemnation ( ! ,jans5i/ proposition 0 t !y condemn$ ! doctr9es ( ,calv91 !n !y 7 all agre$4--,jesuits1 ,jans5i/s1 & ,port ,royali/s4 8,0 t all y meant1 fa!r80 asks ,pascal 9 8 conclud+ ,lett]4 8,0 x only ! error ( ,calv9 t y 7 s anxi\s to get condemn$ "u ! "n ( #8! s5se ( ,jans5'8 ,:y did y n tell u ?is soon]8 y might h sav$ y\rself a _w ( tr\ble2 = we 7 all ready )\t ! aid ( bulls or briefs to jo9 ) y 9 condemn+ t error4 4 4 4 ,n[1 :5 y h come ! l5g? ( decl>+ t ! error :i* y oppose is ! h]esy ( ,calv91 x mu/ be app>5t to e "o t !y ! ,port ,royali/s are innoc5t ( all error2 = s decid$ly ho/ile are !y to ?is1 ! only error ) :i* y *>ge !m1 t !y prote/ by _! disc\rses1 by _! books1 by e mode1 9 %ort1 9 :i* !y c te/ify _! s5tim5ts1 t !y condemn t h]esy ) _! :ole he>t1 & 9 ! same mann] 9 :i* x has be5 condemn$ by ! ,?omi/s1 :om y ackn[l$ge )\t scruple to be ,ca?olics40 ,! pr(ess$ po9t ( diff]5ce /at$ 9 ! same ,lett]--namely1 t ! ,?omi/s & ,sorbonni/s 7& ( c\rse ! ,port ,royali/s ) !m7 held t efficaci\s grace is resi/ible1 :ile ,calv9 held t x 0 irresi/ible--may or may n hold 9 ref]5ce to special expressions ( ,calv94 ,b !re is no?+1 ^u ! :ole1 /rong] 9 ,calv9 ?an !re is 9 ,augu/9e on ! subject ( grace2 & on ! o!r h&1 an 8efficaci\s grace10 :i* is 8resi/ible0--:i* ! human he>t c accept or repel at w--seems op5 to all ! ironical play :i* ,pascal directs s skilfully 9 8 fir/ ,lett]s aga9/ ! ,jesuit doctr9e ( a suffici5t grace :i* is n yet suffici5t4 ,! tru? is1 t ap>t f v]bal subtleties1 :i* ,pascal c\ld h&le no less famili>ly1 only f> m skilfully1 ?an 8 adv]s>ies1 !re is no rational position int]m$iate betwe5 ! ,pelagian doctr9e 7:i* is also sub/antially ! ,ari/otelian7 ( free w & moral habit1 & ! ,augu/9ian doctr9e ( ,div9e grace & spiritual inspiration4 ,! s\rce ( "* is ei!r f )9 ! "* itself1 :i* has p[] to *oose good & to be good if x w1 or x is f a high] s\rce--! grace ( ,god1 & ! p[] ( a ,div9e ord9ation4 ,^! are ! only real l9es ( controv]sy4 ,! ,*ri/ian ?9k] may decl9e controv]sy on su* a subject altoge!r1 ackn[l$g+ t ! my/]y ( "* is 9 its roots beyond our k51--t we "k n1 & 9 ! nature ( ! case _c "k1 :]e ! ,human ends & ! ,div9e beg9s4 ,9 su* a case !re is no room = argum5t4 ,b we _c ) consi/5cy /ep (f "o l9e on to ! o!r4 ,9 o!r words1 we _c logically abuse ,calv9 :ile we hold ) ,augu/9e1 or pr(ess to rev]e ,/ ,?omas :ile we abuse ,jans54 ,b x is m ?an "t to turn f ?is side ( ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s4' ,?is 0 ! controv]sy out ( :i* !y sprang--:i* m+les itself mo/ ) ! p]sonality ( ,pascal--& h5ce x has claim$ a some:at detail$ treatm5t4 ,! great subject to :i* ! int]v5+ & *ief portion ( ! ,lett]s is direct$ is n1 inde$1 m important 9 itself1 b x is m div]sifi$1 & m practically int]e/+4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 ,pascal 0 m obvi\sly p]=m+ a task ?an 9 ! o!r ,lett]s4 ,he 0 speak+ less out ( 8 he>t4 ,hav+ grappl$ ) ! ,jesuits1 & notic$ _! tactics 9 ! affair ( ! ,sorbonne1 he is l$ to look into _! :ole sy/em4 ,he takes up _! books & /udies !m1 9 "p at lea/2 :ile 8 fri5ds ,nicole & ,arnauld also /udy !m = him4 ,& ! result is ! rem>kable & memorable assault conta9$ 9 8 ?irte5 ,lett]s--f ! f\r? to ! sixte5?--direct$ aga9/ all ! ma9 pr9ciples ( ! ,jesuit sy/em4 ,x w\ld lead u q away f our purpose to ent] into ! range ( ?is great controv]sy1 or to endeav\r to e/imate its value1 or ! m]its ( ! attack & def5ce on p>ticul> po9ts4 ,! subject is "o by itself1 m or less ent]+ into ! :ole "q ( morals1 & especially ! imm5se fabric ( casui/ry or moral !ology built up by successive tea*]s 9 ! ,jesuit s*ools4 ,tra9$1 z he 01 a dev\t disciple ( ! ,roman ,*ur*1 en?usia/ic on behalf ( its doctr9es & prea*]s1 ,pascal _h app>5tly no k ( ! details ( ,jesuit doctr9e & morality be=e he began 8 task ( inquiry & assault4 ,au/]e & simple 9 8 own pr9ciples ( virtue1 direct & unb5d+ 9 8 modes ( action1 he 0 evid5tly appall$ by ! /udy ( ! ,jesuit sy/em1 & ! endless complexities ( compromise & evasion :i* x pres5t$4 ,9 seiz+1 z he did ev]y:]e1 ^u ! immoral aspects ( ! sy/em1 & t\*+ !m ) ! mo/ graphic col\rs ( exposure1 he _c be said to be unfair2 = ! mat]ials ) :i* he dealt 7 all abundant 9 _! writ+s4 ,8 quotations may be sometimes tak5 at r&om1 & may set =?1 )\t any ( ! alleviat+ %ades surr\nd+ !m 9 _! prop] context1 special po9ts z p>ts ( a g5]al sequ5ce ( ?\ght4 ,!y 71 no d\bt1 (t5 furni%$ to him by ,nicole or ,arnauld1 :o hunt$ !m ?r\gh ! imm5se volumes ( casui/ical div9ity 9 :i* !y 7 conta9$4 ,b !re is no reason to suppose t 9 any case he has be5 guilty ( misquotation1 or t he has attribut$ s5tim5ts to ! ,jesuit doctors n to be f\nd 9 !m4 ,?is is v mu* 8 own /atem5t3-- 8,i h be5 ask$ if ,i h myself read all ! books :i* ,i h quot$4 ,i answ]1 ,no4 ,if ,i _h done s1 ,i mu/ h pass$ a great "p ( my life 9 read+ v bad books2 b ,i h read ,escob> twice ?r\gh1 & ,i h employ$ "s ( my fri5ds 9 read+ ! o!rs4 ,b ,i h n made use ( a s+le passage )\t hav+ myself read x 9 ! book f :i* x is cit$1 )\t hav+ exam9$ ! subject ( :i* x treats1 & )\t hav+ read :at w5t be=e & foll[$1 s t ,i might run no risk ( quot+ an objection z an answ]1 :i* w\ld h be5 blamewor?y & unfair40 ,no d\bt ?is is true4 ,!re is all1 & m ?an all1 t ,pascal quot$ to be f\nd 9 ! ,jesuit writ+s1 & 8 own language is n too /rong 9 speak+ ( mu* t he quotes z 8abom9able40 ,not)/&+1 x may be said t ! effect ( 8 repres5tation is a c]ta9 unfairness t[>ds ! ,jesuits4 ,he presses !m at a cruel advantage :5 he insi/s ^u develop+ f 8 own po9t ( view1 or /ill m f ! m\? ( "s ( _! too simple foll[]s1 all ! practical consequ5ces ( _! special rules4 ,! sy/em ( casui/ry 0 "o n solely ( ,jesuitical inv5tion4 ,x 0 ! necess>y outgr[? ( ! radical ,roman pr9ciple ( ,confession4 ,nay1 x fl\ri%$ to "s ext5t )9 ! ,prote/ant ,*ur* itself 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 z ! writ+s ( two v diff]5t m51 ,j]emy ,taylor & ,ri*>d ,baxt]1 %[4 ,once admit ! pr9ciple ( direct+ ! consci5ce by ext]nal r ?an int]nal au?ority1 & y lay a f\ndation ^u :i* any am\nt ( folly1 & ev5 crime1 may be built up4 ,?is 0 ! g5]al pr9ciple ( ,jesuitism z a sy/em ( education2 b x came to x f ! ,*ur* :i* ,pascal1 no less ?an ! ,jesuits1 rev]$4 ,nay1 x 0 9 its g5]al "* a pr9ciple z *>act]i/ic ( ,port ,royal z ( ,loyola & 8 foll[]s4 ,!re is ! enorm\s diff]5ce1 no d\bt1 t ! e?ics ( ,port ,royal 7 comp>atively fai?ful to ! ess5tial pr9ciples ( morality :i* ,nature & ! ,gospel alike tea*--t its practical excesses 7 q 9 a diff]5t direction f ! laxity ( ! ,jesuits4 ,b two ?+s are to be rememb]$1 n 9 fav\r ( ! ,jesuits1 b 9 explanation ( _! excesses3 #a/1 t !y aim$1 z ,pascal himself po9ts out1 at gov]n+ ! _w1 & n m]ely a sect--t _! :ole idea ( ! ,*ur* 9 relation to ! _w 0 diff]5t f t ( ! ,port ,royali/s2 & #b;d1 t _! sy/em ( morals n m]ely re/$ on a wrong & dang]\s pr9ciple 7:i* ,pascal's no less did71 b _h be5 endlessly develop$ 9 _! s*ools by _m inf]ior h&s4 ,?is 0 ,pascal's great weapon aga9/ !m1 & s f> x 0 q a legitimate weapon1 z he himself claim$4 ,z none ( _! books c\ld appe> )\t sanction1 ! ,ord] 0 m or less responsible = all ! frightful pr9ciples set =? 9 "s ( ^! books4 ,all ! same1 x is n to be presum$ t su* a sy/em ( moral1 or r immoral1 consequ5ces 0 delib]ately design$ by ! ,society4 ,pascal himself exempts !m f su* a *>ge4 8,_! object10 he says1 8is n ! corruption ( mann]s2 4 4 4 b !y believe x = ! good ( religion t !y %\ld gov]n all consci5ces1 & s !y h evangelical or sev]e maxims = manag+ "s sorts ( p1 :ile :ole multitudes ( lax casui/s are provid$ = ! multitude t pref] laxity40 #add;a ,! ,jesuit sy/em ( morality1 9 %ort1 0 ! gr[? ( ! ,jesuit pr9ciple ( accommodation1 add$ on to ! ,roman pr9ciple ( ext]nal au?ority4 ,look+ at morality entirely f )\t1 z an artificial mode ( regulat+ life & society = ! supreme good ( ! ,*ur*1 ! ,jesuit casui/s 7 driv51 "u ! necessities ( su* a sy/em1 f po9t to po9t1 till all ess5tial moral di/9ction 0 lo/ 9 ! me*anical manipulations ( _! s*ools4 ,:atev] happ5$1 no man or woman 0 to be lo/ to ! ,*ur*2 ! complications ( human int]e/ & passion 7 to be br\ght )9 its fold & smoo!d into "s sort ( dec5t seem+1 r ?an ca/ beyond its pale & made ! prey ( its enemies4 #add;b ,! task 0 a hopeless "o4 ,9 ! pages ( ,pascal ! ,jesuits too obvi\sly make a deplorable bus9ess bo? ( religion & morality4 ,b !y 7 z mu* ! victims z ! au?ors ( a sy/em :i* ,rome _h sanction$1 & :i* came directly f ! claims :i* x made to gov]n ! _w n m]ely by spiritual suasion1 b by ext]nal influ5ce4 ,jesuitism may be bad1 & ! ,jesuit morality expos$ by ,pascal abom9able1 b ! "o & ! o!r are ! natural outgr[? ( a ,*ur* :i* _h become a me*anism = ! regulation ( human conduct1 r ?an a spiritual p[] address+ freely ! human he>t & consci5ce4 ,our space w n admit ( an analysis ( ! ?irte5 ,lett]s deal+ ) ! ,jesuits1 & we c h>dly give any quotations f !m4 ,suffice x to say1 t ,pascal passes 9 ! f\r? ,lett] to a direct assault ^u ! ,society4 8,no?+ c equal ! ,jesuits10 ! ,lett] beg9s4 8,i h se5 ,jacob9s1 doctors1 & all sorts ( p2 b su* a visit z ,i h made today baffles ev]y?+1 & 0 necess>y to complete my k ( ! _w40 ,he !n describes 8 visit to a v clev] ,jesuit1 accompani$ by 8 tru/y ,jans5i/ fri5d1 & gradually unfolds f ! m\? ( ! =m] ! :ole sy/em ( moral !ology :i* _h gr[n up 9 ! ,jesuit s*ools1--_! notions ( 8actual grace10 or ! necessity ( a special consci\s k t an act is evil1 & ought to be avoid$1 be=e we c be said to be guilty ( s9 9 committ+ ! act2 _! fam\s doctr9es ( probabilism & ( direct+ ! int5tion1 & all ! consequ5ces spr++ out ( !m4 ,no?+ c be m +5i\s ?an ! mann] 9 :i* ! ,jesuit is l$ =w>d to unfold po9t aft] po9t ( 8 hateful sy/em1 z if x 7 "o ( ! greate/ boons :i* _h ev] be5 inv5t$ = mank9d1 until f concession to concession he is plung$ into ! mo/ horrible conclusions1 & ! ,jans5i/ c /& ! disclosures no long]1 b breaks =? 9 ! end ( ! t5? ,lett] into a p[]ful & eloqu5t d5unciation ( ! doctr9es to :i* he has be5 li/5+4 ,any light] ve9 t may h l+]$ 9 ! ,lett]s is ab&on$ f ?is po9t4 ,pascal ceases to address 8 fri5d 9 ! c\ntry2 ! playful int]*ange t sprang f ! idea ( a ?ird p>ty1 to :om ,pascal 0 suppos$ to be m]ely report+ :at he _h he>d1 occurs no m4 ,he turns to ! ,jesuit fa!rs directly1 & addresses !m1 z if unable any long] to re/ra9 8 indignation1 comm5c+ ! elev5? ,lett] ) an admirable def5ce ( 8 previ\s tone1 & ( ! ext5t to :i* he _h us$ ! weapon ( ridicule 9 assail+ !m1 & pass+ on to reit]ate 8 *>ges1 & to repel ! calumnies ) :i* !y _h assail$ him & 8 ,port ,royali/ fri5ds4 ,! read] may we>y1 p]haps1 = a little1 z he ?reads 8 way ?r\gh ! successive accusations1 & ! monoton\s tra9 ( evil pr9ciples :i* und]lies !m all1 m or less4 ,he may wi% t ,pascal _h gone to ! roots ( ! sy/em m completely1 & _h laid b>e its g]m9al falsehood1 in/ead ( heap+ detail ^u detail1 & always add+ a d>k] hue to ! picture :i* he draws4 ,b any su* mode ( treatm5t w\ld n half s well h s]v$ 8 purpose4 ,8 audi5ce 7 n prep>$ = any philosophy ( exposure1 /ill less = any attack ^u ! ess5tial pr9ciples ( ! ,*ur*2 he himself did n see h[ ! successive laxities :i* he fixes ) 8 poignant satire1 or sets 9 ! light ( 8 )]+ scorn1 spr+ f a vici\s conception ( ,*ri/ianity & ( ! (fice ( ! ,*ur*4 ,he does :at he does1 h[ev]1 ) exquisite effect2 & ! ,jesuit ,ord]1 _m & p[]ful z h be5 its oppon5ts1 nev] be=e nor s9ce felt itself m ke5ly & unansw]ably assail$4 ,_m ( !m 7 =c$ to laugh at ! picture ( _! own follies1 & ! immoral nons5se :i* di/ill$ f ! lips ( ,fa!r ,bauny & o!rs1 9 explanation or def5ce ( _! practices4 8,read t10 says ! confid5tial ,jesuit :o exp\nds to ,pascal _! sy/em3 8x is #8,! ,summ>y ( ,s9s1' by ,fa!r ,bauny2 ! fif? edition1 y see1 :i* %[s t x is a good book4 #8,9 ord] to s91' says ,fa!r ,bauny1 #8x is necess>y to "k t ! ?+ we wi% to d is n good4'0 8,a capital comm5cem5t10 ,i rem>k$4 8,yet10 said he1 8only ?9k h[ f> envy w c>ry "s p4 ,x 0 on ?is v passage t ,m4 ,halli]1 be=e he became "o ( our fri5ds1 quizz$ ,fa!r ,bauny1 say+ ( him #8,ecce qui tollit peccata mundi--,behold ! man :o take? away ! s9s ( ! _w4'0 #adg ,!n aft] an elaborate description ( all t goes to make a s9-- 8#8,o my de> sir1' cri$ ,i1 #8:at a bless+ ?is w be to "s fri5ds ( my acqua9tance6 ,y h nev]1 p]haps1 9 all y\r life met ) p :o h few] s9s to acc\nt =6 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !y nev] ?9k ( ,god at all1 /ill less ( pray+ to ,him2 s t1 accord+ to ,m4 le ,mo9e1 !y are /ill 9 a /ate ( baptismal innoc5ce4 ,!y h nev] _h a ?\ght ( lov+ ,god1 or ( be+ contrite = _! s9s2 s t1 accord+ to ,fa!r ,annat1 !y h nev] committ$ s9 ?r\gh ! want ( *>ity & p5it5ce4 4 4 4 ,i _h always suppos$ t ! less a man ?\ght ( ,god ! m he s9n$2 b f :at ,i see n[1 if "o c\ld only succe$ 9 br++ himself n to ?9k ( ,god at all1 ev]y?+ w\ld be peace ) him 9 all "t com+4 ,away ) y\r half-&-half s9n]s :o h "s love = virtue6 ,!y w be damn$ e "o ( !m4 ,b z = y\r out-&-out s9n]s1 h>d5$ & )\t mixture1 ?or\gh & det]m9$ 9 _! evil c\rses1 hell is no place = !m4 ,!y h *eat$ ! devil by /]n devotion to 8 s]vice6'0 #adh ,x is 9 hits l ^!1 ev]y:]e scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! e>li] lett]s1 to :i* no translation c d ju/ice1 & :i* lose half _! edge by be+ sep>at$ f _! context1 t ! wit ( ,pascal %9es4 ,a m delicate1 & at ! same "t m sca?+ irony1 _c be conceiv$4 ,he hits ) ! lighte/ /roke1 & 9 ! mo/ natural mann]1 yet 8 la% cuts ! fle%1 & leaves an intol]able sm>t4 ,all t c\ld be said 9 answ] 01 t 8 repres5tations 7 lies4 ,!y 7 consci\s exagg]ations1 no d\bt1 z all satirical repres5tations are4 ,?is is ( _! v nature4 ,b ! ext5t to :i* !y told1 & ! bitt]ness ( ! feel+ :i* !y excit$ at ! "t1 & h cont9u$ to excite among/ ! ,jesuits & _! fri5ds1 %[ h[ mu* tru? !re 0 9 !m4 ,no?+ c be m pitiful & less satisfactory ?an m]e compla9ts ( _! falsehood4 ,su* compla9ts 7 h>dly to h be5 expect$ f any o!r qu>t] ?an ! ,jesuits !mselves4 ,yet ev5 ,*ateaubri&1 9 8 new-born zeal = ! ,*ur*1 c\ld say ( _! au?or1 8,pascal is only a calumniator ( g5ius4 ,he has left u an immortal lie40 ,( ! grav] "p ( ! ,lett]s1 ! foll[+ are ! only extracts t our space w p]mit3-- ,,jesuit ,,laxity ,,& ,,*ri/ian ,,indignation4 8,su* is ! way 9 :i* our tea*]s h dis*>g$ m5 f ! #8pa9ful' obligation ( actually lov+ ,god4 ,& s advantage\s a doctr9e is ?is1 t our ,fa!rs ,annat1 ,p9t]eau1 ,le ,mo9e1 & ,a4 ,sirmond ev51 h def5d$ x vigor\sly :5 assail$ by any "o4 ,y h only to consult _! answ]s 9 ! #8,moral ,!ology2' t ( ,fa!r ,p9t]eau1 9 p>ticul> 7second "p71 w enable y to judge ( ! value ( ?is disp5sation by ! price :i* x has co/1 ev5 ! blood ( ,jesus4 ,?is is ! cr[n ( su* a doctr9e40 7,a quotation is !n giv5 f ,fa!r ,p9t]eau to ! effect t x is a *>act]i/ic ( ! new ,evangelical law1 9 contra/ to ! ,judaical1 t 8,god has light5$ ! tr\blesome & ardu\s obligation ( ex]cis+ an act ( p]fect contrition 9 ord] to be ju/ifi$407 8#8,o fa!r1' said ,i1 #8no pati5ce c /& ?is any long]4 ,"o _c he> )\t horror su* s5tim5ts z ,i h be5 li/5+ to4' #8,!y are n my s5tim5ts1' said ! monk4 #8,i "k t well2 b y h express$ no av]sion to !m2 & f> f dete/+ ! au?ors ( su* maxims1 y *]i% e/eem = !m4 ,d y n fe> t y\r cons5t w make y a p>ticipator 9 _! guilt8 ,0 x n suffici5t to all[ m5 s _m =bidd5 ?+s "u cov] ( y\r palliations8 ,0 x necess>y to af=d !m ! occasion ( committ+ crimes t ev5 y _c excuse by ! facility & assurance ( absolution :i* y (f] !m8 4 4 4 ,! lic5ce :i* y\r tea*]s h assum$ ( tamp]+ ) ! mo/ holy rules ( ,*ri/ian conduct am\nts to a total subv]sion ( ! ,div9e law4 ,!y violate ! great comm&m5t :i* embraces ! law & ! prophets2 !y /rike at ! v he>t ( piety2 !y take away ! _s :i* give? life4 ,!y say t ! love ( ,god is n necess>y to salvation2 !y ev5 g ! l5g? ( pr(ess+ t ?is disp5sation f lov+ ,god is ! special privilege :i* ,jesus ,*ri/ has br\ght into ! _w4 ,?is is ! v climax ( impiety4 ,! price ( ! blood ( ,jesus1 ! pur*ase = u ( a disp5sation f lov+ ,him6 ,be=e ! inc>nation we 7 "u ! necessity ( lov+ ,god4 ,b s9ce ,god has s lov$ ! _w z to give ,8 only ,son = x1 ! _w1 ?us r$eem$ by ,him1 is dis*>g$ f lov+ ,him6 ,/range !ology ( our "t6--to take away ! ana!ma pron\nc$ by ,/ ,paul aga9/ ^? 8:o love n ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/20 to blot out ! say+ ( ,/ ,john1 t 8he t love? n abide? 9 dea?20 & ! words ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ,himself1 8,he t love? me n keepe? n my comm&m5ts60 ,9 ?is mann] ^? :o h nev] lov$ ,god 9 life are r5d]$ wor?y ( enjoy+ ,him ?r\gh\t et]nity4 ,behold ! my/]y ( iniquity accompli%$6 ,op5 y\r eyes1 my fa!r2 & if y h rema9$ unt\*$ by ! o!r di/ortions ( y\r ,casui/s1 let ?is la/ by its excess compel y to ab&on !m4'0 #aej;a ,,def5ce ,,( ,,ridicule ,,z ,a ,,weapon ,,9 ,,controv]sy4 8,:at1 my fa!rs6 mu/ ! imag9ations ( y\r doctors pass = fai?ful v]ities8 ,mu/ we n expose ! say+s ( ,escob>1 #aej;b & ! fanta/ic & un*ri/ian /atem5ts ( o!rs1 )\t be+ accus$ ( laugh+ at religion8 ,is x possible y h d>$ to repeat any?+ s unreasonable8 & h y no fe> t 9 blam+ me = ridicul+ y\r absurdities1 y 7 m]ely furni%+ me ) a fre% subject ( ar\s+ attack1 & ( po9t+ out m cle>ly t ,i h n f\nd 9 y\r books any subject ( laught] :i* is n 9 itself int5sely ridicul\s2 & t 9 mak+ a je/ ( y\r moral maxims1 ,i am z f> f mak+ a je/ ( holy ?+s z ! doctr9e ( y\r ,casui/s di/ant f ! holy doctr9e ( ! ,gospel8 ,9 tru?1 sirs1 !re is a va/ diff]5ce betwe5 laugh+ at religion & laugh+ at ^? :o pr(ane x by _! extravagant op9ions4 ,x 7 an impiety to fail 9 respect = ! great tru?s :i* ! ,div9e ,_s has reveal$2 b x w\ld be no less impiety ( ano!r k9d to fail 9 contempt = falsehoods :i* ! _s ( man has oppos$ to !m4 4 4 4 ,j z ,*ri/ian tru?s are wor?y ( love & respect1 ! errors :i* oppose !m are wor?y ( contempt & hatr$3 = z !re are two ?+s 9 ! tru?s ( our religion--a div9e beauty :i* r5d]s !m lovable1 & a holy maje/y :i* r5d]s !m v5]able2 s !re are two ?+s 9 su* errors--an impiety :i* makes !m horrible1 & an imp]t95ce :i* r5d]s !m ridicul\s40 #aea;a ,_m examples f ! ,scriptures & ! ,fa!rs are !n quot$ 9 def5ce ( ! practice ( direct+ ridicule aga9/ error2 & he closes ) a s+ul>ly appropriate passage f ,t]tullian3 8,no?+ is m due to vanity ?an laught]2 x is ! ,tru? prop]ly t has a "r to laugh1 because %e is *e]ful--& to make sport ( h] enemies1 because %e is sure ( victory40 8,d y n ?9k1 my fa!rs1 t ?is passage is s+ul>ly applicable to our subject8 ,! lett]s :i* ,i h hi!rto writt5 are #8only a little sport be=e ! real combat4' ,z yet ,i h be5 only play+ ) ! foils1 & #8r indicat+ ! w\nds t might be giv5 y ?an inflict+ any4' ,i h m]ely expos$ y\r say+s to ! light1 )\t comm5t+ on !m4 #8,if !y h excit$ laught]1 x is only because !y are s laughable 9 !mselves4' ,^! say+s come ^u u ) su* surprise1 x is impossible to help laugh+ at !m2 = no?+ produces laught] m ?an surpris+ disproportion betwe5 :at "o he>s & :at "o expects4 ,9 :at o!r way c\ld ! mo/ ( ^! matt]s be treat$8 =1 z ,t]tullian says1 #8,to treat !m s]i\sly w\ld be to sanction !m4'0 #aea;b ,,appeal ,,aga9/ ,,! ,,jesuits4 8,too long h y deceiv$ ! _w1 & abus$ ! confid5ce :i* m5 h put 9 y\r impo/ures4 ,x is high "t to v9dicate ! reputation ( s _m p :om y h calumniat$2 = :at innoc5ce c be s g5]ally ackn[l$g$ z n to suff] contam9ation f ! d>+ asp]sion ( a society ( m5 scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! _w1 :o1 "u religi\s habits1 cov] irreligi\s m9ds2 :o p]petrate crimes z !y concoct sl&]s--n aga9/1 b 9 con=mity )1 _! own maxims8 ,no "o c blame me1 surely1 = hav+ de/roy$ ! confid5ce :i* y might o!rwise h inspir$1 s9ce x is f> m j to v9dicate = s _m good p :om y h decri$1 ! reputation = piety !y des]v$1 ?an to leave y a reputation = s9c]ity :i* y h nev] m]it$4 ,& z ! "o c\ld n be done )\t ! o!r1 h[ important 0 x to make ! _w und]/& :at y really are4 ,?is is :at ,i h begun to d2 b x w require "t to complete ! "w4 ,! _w1 h[ev]1 %all he> ( y1 my fa!rs1 & all y\r policy w n avail to %elt] y4 ,! v ef=ts y make to w>d (f ! bl[ w only s]ve to conv9ce ! lea/ enlight5$ t y are afraid1 & t1 smitt5 9 y\r own consci5ces by my *>ges1 y h _h rec\rse to e exp$i5t to prev5t exposure40 #aeb ,! effect ( ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s' 0 n only to al>m ! ,jesuits1 b ! ,*ur*4 ,! sc&al ( _! exposure 0 s deeply felt1 t ! curs ( ,p>is & ,r\5 appo9t$ committees to inve/igate ! accuracy ( ,pascal's quotations1 & ! result ( _! inve/igation 0 entirely 9 ,pascal's fav\r4 ,?is l$ ultimately to ! matt] be+ c>ri$ be=e a ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! cl]gy ( ,p>is1 :i*1 h[ev]1 decl9$ to give any =mal decision4 ,9 ! meantime1 an #8,apology = ! ,casui/s' 0 publi%$ by a ,jesuit ( ! "n ( ,pirot1 ( su* a "* z to increase r ?an abate ! sc&al1 & a new controv]sy ga!r$ ar\nd ?is publication4 ,! ,sorbonne took up ! "q1 &1 aft] exam9ation1 condemn$ ,pirot's ,apology 7,july #afeh7 z !y _h =m]ly done ,arnauld's propositions1 & ultimately x 0 includ$ by ,rome 9 ! #8,index ,expurgatorius1' along ) ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s1' to :i* x 0 design$ z a reply4 ,:ile ! "q 0 be=e ! ,sorbonne1 ! curs ( ,p>is publi%$ v>i\s writ+s1 "u ! "n ( #8,facta1' 9 support ( ! conclusions to :i* !y _h come4 ,^! writ+s 7 prep>$ 9 conc]t ) ,pascal & 8 fri5ds1 & ! second & fif? are ascrib$ entirely to 8 p54 ,x is ev5 said t he look$ ^u ! latt]1 9 :i* he drew a p>allel betwixt ! ,jesuits & ,calv9i/s 7to ! disadvantage ( ! ,prote/ants71 z ! be/ ?+ he ev] did4 #aec ,long aft] ,pascal's dea? 79 #afid7 an elaborate answ] appe>$1 by ,fa!r ,daniel1 to ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s1' "u ! title ( #8,entreti5s de ,cl&re et d',eudoxe sur les ,lettres au ,prov9cial2' b not)/&+ a c]ta9 am\nt ( le>n+ & app>5t c&\r1 ! reply made no impression ^u ! public4 ,ev5 ! ,jesuits !mselves felt x to be a failure4 8,fa!r ,daniel10 x 0 said1 8pr(ess$ to h reason & tru? on 8 side2 b 8 adv]s>y _h 9 8 fav\r :at goes mu* f>!r ) m51--! arms ( ridicule & pleasantry40 ,z late z #ahea an edition ( ! #8,lett]s' appe>$ by ! ,abb ,mayn>d1 accompani$ by a pr(ess$ refutation ( _! mis/atem5ts4 ,b ! tru? is1 ,pascal's "w is "o ( ^? :i* admit ( no adequate refutation4 ,ev5 if x be grant$ t he has occasionally made ! mo/ ( a quotation1 & br\ght po9ts toge!r :i*1 tak5 sep>ately 9 _! connection1 h n ! (f5sive mean+ attribut$ to !m1 ?is t\*es b little ! read] :o has enjoy$ _! exquisite raill]y or has be5 mov$ by _! indignant d5unciation4 ,! real =ce ( ! ,lett]s lies 9 _! wit & eloqu5ce--_! m+l$ com$y & invective4 ,!y may be p>ri$ or res5t$--!y c nev] be refut$4 ,we h already quot$ ,voltaire's say+1 8,! be/ com$ies ( ,molire h n m wit ?an ! fir/ ,prov9cial ,lett]s40 8,bossuet10 he add$1 8has no?+ m sublime ?an ! conclud+ ones40 ,!y 7 reg>d$ by him z 8models ( eloqu5ce & pleasantry10 z ! 8fir/ "w ( g5ius0 t appe>$ 9 ,fr5* prose4 ,:5 ,bossuet himself 0 ask$ ( :at "w he w\ld mo/ wi% to h be5 ! au?or1 he answ]$1 8,! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s4'0 ,madame de ,svign writes ( !m 7,dec4 #ba1 #afhi73 8,h[ *>m+ !y are6 4 4 4 ,is x possible to h a m p]fect /yle1 an irony f9]1 m delicate1 m natural1 m wor?y ( ! ,dialogues ( ,plato8 4 4 4 ,& :at s]i\sness ( tone1 :at solidity1 :at eloqu5ce 9 ! la/ eight ,lett]s60 ,our ,gibbon attribut$ to ! frequ5t p]usal ( !m 8 own ma/]y ( 8grave & temp]ate irony40 ,boileau pron\nc$ !m 8unsurpass$0 9 anci5t or mod]n prose4 ,encomiums c\ld h>dly g high]1 & yet ! language ( ,p]rault is 9 a /ill high] /ra93 8,!re is m wit 9 ^! eighte5 ,lett]s ?an 9 ,plato's ,dialogues2 m delicate & artful raill]y ?an 9 ^? ( ,lucian2 & m /r5g? & +5uity ( reason+ ?an 9 ! orations ( ,cic]o40 ,_! /yle especially is beyond all praise4 ,x has 8nev] be5 surpass$1 nor p]haps equall$40 ,!re may be1 z !re is apt to be 9 all su* concurr5t v]dicts1 a /ra9 ( excess4 ,! dull] ,engli% s5se may n cat* all ! f9] edges ( a /yle :i* x may yet feel to be exquisite 9 its g5]al cle>ness1 h>mony1 & po9t2 ! absurdities ( v]bal argum5t & ( ,jesuit sophi/ry may sometimes pall ^u ! att5tion1 & h>dly raise a smile at ?is "t ( day4 ,x is ! fate ( ev5 ! f9e/ polemical lit]ature to gr[ dead z x gr[s old2 yet none c d\bt ! immortality ( ! g5ius :i* has s long giv5 life to su* a controv]sy1 & *>m$ s _m ( ! highe/ judges ( lit]>y =m4 ,x is n = any ,engli%man to *all5ge ! v]dict ( a ,fr5*man 9 a matt] ( /yle4 ,pascal himself evid5tly ?\ght highly ( 8 success4 ,he lik$ ! controv]sy1 its excitem5t1 & ! applausive e*o :i* foll[$ ea* ,lett]4 ,l e true arti/1 he felt ! joy & yet ! gravity ( 8 "w4 ,he took up 8 p5 ) a pleasurable s5se ( ma/]y1 & yet he wrote "s ( ! ,lett]s six or sev5 times ov]4 ,he sp>$ no pa9s1 yet he nev] we>i$4 ,all 8 intellectual life = ! "t 0 ?r[n into ! controv]sy1 & 8 mo/ f9ely-temp]$ /rokes made music 9 8 own m9d1 :ile !y c>ri$ confusion to 8 adv]s>ies & triumph to 8 fri5ds4 ,! s5sation made by ! ,lett]s 01 ( c\rse1 ma9ly conf9$ to ,france2 b ! n]v\s ,lat9ity ( ,nicole soon communicat$ some?+ ( ! same s5sation to a wid] circle4 #aef ,pascal has himself told u t he nev] rep5t$ hav+ writt5 !m1 nor 8! amus+1 agreeable1 ironical /yle0 9 :i* !y 7 writt54 ,ev5 ! condemnation ( ! ,papal ,see1 abject 9 "s respects z 0 8 devotion to 8 ,*ur*1 did n move him on ?is po9t4 ,he left on record1 among/ 8 ,?\ghts1 ! foll[+ solemn decl>ation3 8,,if ,,my ,,lett]s ,,are ,,condemn$ ,,9 ,,rome1 ,,:at ,i ,,condemn ,,9 ,,!m ,,is ,,condemn$ ,,9 ,,heav54 ,,ad ,,tuum1 ,,dom9e ,,jesu1 ,,tribunal ,,appello40 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! #8,,p5s,,es4' ,f ,pascal's f9i%$ "w we turn to 8 unf9i%$ ,rema9s4 ,! "o w always be reg>d$ z ! *ief monum5t ( 8 lit]>y skill1 & ( ! executive complet5ess ( 8 m9d4 ,b ! o!r is ! wor?i] & nobl] tribute to ! greatness ( 8 s\l1 & ! dep? & p[] ( 8 moral g5ius4 ,few comp>atively n[ read ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s' z a :ole2 few] /ill are int]e/$ 9 ! controv]sy :i* !y commemorate4 ,b !re are h>dly any ( high] culture--none c]ta9ly ( high] ?\ghtfulness--to :om ! #8,p5ses' are n /ill attractive1 & :o h n s\ght 9 !m at "o "t or ano!r "s answ] to ! ob/9ate que/ion+s :i* ! deep] scrut9y ( human life & de/9y is ev] r5ew+ 9 ! human he>t4 ,no answ] may h be5 f\nd 9 !m1 b e spiritual m9d mu/ h s f> met 9 ! au?or ( ! #8,p5ses' a k9dr$ _s :i*1 if x has se5 no f>!r ?an o!rs1 has yet ent]$ ke5ly ^u ! great que/1 & trav]s$ ) a s+ul> boldness ! great l9es ( high] speculation t 8slope ?r\gh d>kness up to ,god40 ,! lit]>y hi/ory ( ! #8,p5ses' is a v curi\s "o4 ,!y fir/ appe>$ 9 ! end ( #affi1 9 a small duodecimo volume1 ) ! appropriate motto1 8,p5d5t op]a int]rupta40 ,_! prep>ation = ! press _h be5 a subject ( mu* anxiety to ,pascal's fri5ds4 ,:at is kn[n z ! 8,peace ( ! ,*ur*0--a p]iod ( tempor>y quiet & prosp]ity to ,port ,royal--_h begun 9 #affc2 & x 0 important t no?+ %\ld be done by ! ,port ,royali/s to di/urb ?is peace4 ,x _h be5 agre$1 !re=e1 t all passages be>+ on ! controv]sy ) ! ,jesuits & ! ,=mul>y %\ld be omitt$2 b beyond ?is ,madame ,pri] desir$ t ! volume %\ld only conta9 :at proce$$ f h] bro!r1 & 9 ! precise =m & /yle 9 :i* x _h left 8 h&4 ,%e evid5tly lack$ full confid5ce 9 ! ,committee ( ,editors1 ( :om ! ,duc de ,roannez 0 ! *ief1 not)/&+ _! pr(essions ( /rict adh]5ce to ! manuscripts4 ,! volume at la/ appe>$1 ) a preface by h] own son1 & no few] ?an n9e 8approbations10 sign$ among/ o!rs by ?ree bi%ops1 "o ar*deacon1 & ?ree doctors ( ! ,sorbonne4 ,unhappily ,madame ,pri] _h too mu* cause = al>m4 ,editors & ,approv]s alike _h claim$ ! lib]ty1 n only ( arrang+ b ( modify+ bo? ! matt] & ! /yle ( ! #8,p5ses1' & ?is not)/&+ a /atem5t 9 ! preface t1 9 giv+1 z !y pr(ess$ to d1 only 8! cle>e/ & mo/ f9i%$0 ( ! fragm5ts1 !y _h giv5 !m z !y f\nd !m1 )\t add+ or *ang+ any?+4 8,^! fragm5ts10 says ,m4 ,faugre1 8:i* sickness & dea? _h left unf9i%$1 suff]$1 )\t ceas+ to be immortal1 all ! mutilation :i* an exagg]at$ prud5ce or a misdirect$ zeal c\ld sugge/1 ) ! view n only ( gu>d+ _! or?odoxy1 b ( embelli%+ _! /yle--! /yle ( ! au?or ( ! #8,prov9cials'60 8,!re are n10 he adds1 8tw5ty successive l9es :i* d n pres5t "s alt]ation1 great or small4 ,z = total omissions & p>tial suppressions1 !y are )\t numb]40 ,m4 ,c\s9 is equally emphatic4 8,!re are10 he says1 8examples ( e k9d ( alt]ation--alt]ation ( words1 alt]ation ( phrases1 suppressions1 sub/itutions1 additions1 arbitr>y compositions1 &1 :at is worse1 decompositions m arbitr>y /ill40 ,x is impossible to def5d ! fir/ editors ( ! #8,p5ses4' ,b x %\ld be rememb]$ t _! task 0 "o n only ( !ological p]plexity1 b ( great lit]>y difficulty4 ,pascal's manuscripts 7 a m]e mass ( confus$ pap]s1 sometimes writt5 on bo? sides1 & 9 a h& = ! mo/ "p s obscure & imp]fectly =m$ z to be illegible to all :o _h n made x a special /udy4 ,! pap]s 7 pa/$ or bundl$ toge!r )\t any natural connection1 p>ts conta9+ ! same piece be+ sometimes int]sect$ & sometimes widely sep>at$ f "o ano!r4 ,if ! editors1 !re=e1 did _! "w ill1 x 0 p>tly no d\bt f incompet5cy1 b p>tly f its inh]5t difficulty1 & f ! fact t be+ s ne> to ,pascal !y c\ld h>dly appreciate ! feel+s ( ! mod]n critic z to ! sacr$ness ( 8 /yle1 & ( all t came f 8 p54 ,! edition ( #affi cont9u$ to be repr9t$ ) little alt]ation = a c5tury4 ,v>i\s additional fragm5ts 7 br\ght to light1 especially ! fam\s conv]sation betwe5 ,de ,saci & ,pascal reg>d+ ,epictetus & ,montaigne2 b ! =m ( ! fragm5ts rema9$ un*ang$4 ,x 0 n till ! edition ( ,condorcet 9 #aggf t !y c be said to h und]gone any new rdaction4 ,unhappily ,pascal suff]$ 9 ! h&s ( ! ,encyclop$i/s1 z he _h previ\sly suff]$ 9 ! h&s ( ! ,jans5i/s & ! ,sorbonne4 ,! fir/ editors _h expung$ :atev] might seem at v>iance ) or?odoxy4 ,condorcet suppress$ or modifi$ :atev] p>took ( a too l(ty en?usiasm or a too f]v5t piety4 ,x became a curr5t idea among ! ,encyclop$i/s t ! accid5t at ,neuilly _h affect$ ,pascal's bra94 ,we h already se5 h[ ,voltaire spoke ( ?is2 & he direct$ an e>ly attack 7#agcd7 ^u ! doctr9e ( human nature conta9$ 9 ! #8,p5ses4' ,n[1 9 8 old age1 he hail$ ,condorcet's edition1 & reissu$ x two ye>s lat]1 ) an ,introduction & ,notes by himself4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye>1 #aggi1 appe>$ ! elaborate & well-kn[n edition ( ,pascal's works by ! ,abb ,bossut1 accompani$ by an admirable 8,disc\rs sur la ,vie et les ,ouvrages de ,pascal40 ,9 ?is edition ! rema9s are f\nd = ! fir/ "t 9 "s degree ( complet5ess4 ,all ! fragm5ts publi%$ by ,port ,royal1 & all ^? subsequ5tly br\ght to light by ,des ,molets & o!rs1 are includ$ & arrang$ 9 a new ord]4 ,b m]itori\s z 7 ,bossut's editorial lab\rs z a :ole1 !y did n attempt any re/oration ( ! #8,p5ses' to _! orig9al text2 & ev5 ! new fragm5ts publi%$ by him 7 n left unt\*$4 ,he embodi$1 = example1 ! fam\s conv]sation ) ,de ,saci1 b )\t giv+ ,de ,saci's "p ( ! dialogue4 ,9 %ort1 he reproduc$1 z ,m4 ,havet says1 all ! faults ( ! fir/ editors1 & made o!rs ( 8 own4 ,?is is ! m rem>kable t he is said to h _h 9 8 possession a copy ( ! orig9al manuscripts4 ,condorcet1 h[ev]1 consult$ ! orig9al manuscripts !mselves1 )\t any ?\ght ( do+ ju/ice to ,pascal's text4 ,s matt]s rema9$ till #ahdb1 :5 ,m4 ,c\s9 publi%$ 8 fam\s ,report on ! subject to ! ,fr5* ,academy4 ,! ,fr5* public !n f\nd to _! a/oni%m5t t1 ) s _m editions ( ! #8,p5ses1' !y _h n ! #8,p5ses' !mselves4 ,:ile philosoph]s _h disput$ z to 8 ideas1 & critics admir$ 8 /yle1 ! v]itable ,pascal ( ! #8,p5ses' _h all ! "t la9 conceal$ 9 a mass ( manuscripts 9 ! ,national ,libr>y4 ,su* a /ory1 x may be imag9$1 did n lack any =ce 9 ! mann] 9 :i* ,m4 ,c\s9 told x2 & an eag] desire arose = a new & complete edition ( ! fragm5ts4 ,c\s9 _h prep>$ ! way1 b he did n himself und]take ?is task1 :i* 0 res]v$ = ,m4 ,faugre1 ^: great edition appe>$ two ye>s lat]1 9 #ahdd4 ,no?+ c deprive ,m4 ,faugre ( ! cr$it ( be+ ! fir/ editor ( a complete & au!ntic text ( ! #8,p5ses4' ,o!r editions ( di/9ctive m]it h s9ce appe>$2 & x may be admitt$ t1 9 ! natural reaction f ! laxity ( =m] editions1 he gave a too lit]al transcript ( ! manuscripts1 includ+ "s ?+s ( little importance1 & o!rs m prop]ly belong+ to an edition ( ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s' ?an ( ! #8,p5ses4' ,b1 :e!r x be ! result ( e>ly association or ( great] famili>ity ) ,m4 ,faugre's pages1 ,i own /ill a pref]5ce = ?is edition1 :ile admitt+ ! admirable p]spicuity & intellig5ce ( _m ( ,m4 ,havet's notes1 & ! spl5d\r ( ! edition ( ,m4 ,victor ,ro*et1 ! mo/ rec5t 7#ahgc7 t has come "u my notice4 ,! pr9ciple obs]v$ by ,m4 ,faugre is /rongly def5d$ 9 8 preface4 ,he all[$ himself no discretion>y p[]s ( em5dation1 because 8! limits ( su* a p[] might10 he says1 8be too easily ov]/epp$1 & w\ld h left room = belief t great] lib]ties _h be5 tak5 ?an 0 actually ! case40 8,! manuscripts10 he adds1 8h be5 read1 or r /udi$1 page by page1 l9e by l9e1 syllable by syllable1 to ! end2 &1 ) ! exception ( illegible words 7:i*1 h[ev]1 are c>efully indicat$71 !y h pass$ completely into ! pres5t edition40 ,s f>1 ?is pr9ciple has be5 adh]$ to by subsequ5t editors4 ,!re has be5 no fur!r tamp]+ ) ,pascal's words1 b m or less latitude has be5 tak5 9 publi%+ all ! manuscript details1 & especially 9 ! arrangem5t ( ! sev]al fragm5ts4 ,faugre fanci$ t he c\ld trace 9 ,pascal's own notes ! indication ( an int]ior arrangem5t1 into :i* ! sev]al p>ts ( 8 propos$ "w 9 def5ce ( religion 7 int5d$ to fall2 & he has gr\p$ ! fragm5ts 9 8 second volume accord+ to ^! suppos$ indications4 ,m4 ,havet does n ?9k t x is possible any long] to discov] ! true ord] ( ! fragm5ts4 ,he does n believe t any su* ord] exi/$ 9 ! au?or's own m9d4 ,he _h a g5]al design1 & c]ta9 great divisions2 a preface 0 sket*$ "h1 & a *apt] !re2 b 9 ?r[+ 8 ?\ghts ^u pap] z !y pres5t$ !mselves to him1 he did n /op to assort !m1 or to br+ !m into any fitt+ connection4 ,:at ,pascal himself did n d1 ,m4 ,havet does n ?9k x possible any editor c d4 ,accord+ly1 he recurs to ! old1 if some:at arbitr>y1 arrangem5t ( ,bossut1 z ! mo/ famili> & useful4 ,m4 ,ro*et foll[s an elaborate arrangem5t1 pr(ess$ly f\nd$ on ! orig9al plan ( ,pascal1 z sket*$ by himself 9 ! conv]sation report$ by 8 nephew 9 ! preface to ! prim>y edition ( ! fragm5ts4 ,he consid]s t all ! ,?\ghts f9d _! natural place 9 ?is plan & 9 no o!r4 ,b ,m4 ,ro*et's classifications are1 p>tly at lea/1 inspir$ by 8 own ecclesia/ical t5d5cies2 & he is f> f j to ! lab\rs ( ,m4 ,faugre1 & ! real light & ord] :i* ^! lab\rs introduc$ into ! developm5t ( ,pascal's ideas4 ,x is unnecess>y = u to attempt to hold ! balance betwe5 ,pascal's sev]al editors1 or to say :i* ( !m has mo/ ju/ice on 8 side4 ,( two ?+s !re c be no d\bt3 fir/1 t any special arrangem5t ( ! #8,p5ses1' s z to give ! idea ( a connect$ book 9 def5ce ( religion1 is1 s f>1 arbitr>y--! "w1 t is to say1 ( ! editor r ?an ( ! au?or2 & secondly1 t !re is no difficulty1 f ! orig9al preface & o!rwise1 ( ga!r+ ! g5]al ord] ( ,pascal's ideas1 & ! me?od :i* appe>$ to him ! true "o ( meet+ ! irreligion ( 8 day1 & v9dicat+ ! div9e tru? ( ,*ri/ianity--po9ts :i* %all aft]w>ds come be=e u4 ,! special "q rais$ by ,m4 ,c\s9 z to ,pascal's scepticism w also be be/ discuss$ 9 its true ord]1 9 connection ) su* passages z h sugge/$ x4 ,consid]+ ,pascal's tradition>y reputation z ! def5d] ( religion1 !re 0 a "* ( surprise 9 ?is "q1 t =c$ a lively debate1 z soon z x 0 rais$1 9 ,france & ,g]many1 & ev5 ,engl&4 ,v9et & ,ne&] bo? jo9$ 9 x2 & ! two lectures deliv]$ by ! latt] be=e ! ,royal ,academy ( ,sci5ces 9 ,b]l9 9 #ahdg1 are highly des]v+ ( p]usal by all /ud5ts ( philosophy4 #afd ,b ! issue is an absurd "o1 be=e ! combatants are agre$ z to ! mean+ ( ! ^w ,scepticism1 & be=e ! read] has be=e him ! views ( ,pascal1 & ! mann] 9 :i* he def9es 8 own attitude 9 relation to :at he consid]$ ! two great l9es ( ?\ght oppos$ to ,*ri/ianity4 ,:5 we are 9 possession ( 8 own /atem5ts1 we may f9d t mu* ( ! indignant rhetoric ( ,m4 ,c\s9 is beside ! "q1 & t1 al?\gh ,pascal 0 c]ta9ly no ,c>tesian1 & has us$ "s /rong & ra% expressions ab\t ! weakness ( human reason1 nei!r is he a sceptic 9 any usual s5se4 ,he has1 9 fact1 def9$ 8 own position ) s+ul> cle>ness & =ce4 ,b be=e turn+ to 8 views on ^! high] subjects1 x w be well to pres5t our read]s ) "s ( ,pascal's m miscellane\s & g5]al ,?\ghts4 ,9 do+ s1 x is n necess>y1 9 su* a volume z ?is1 t we indicate ?r\gh\t ! edition f :i* we take our quotations4 ,we %all quote f ! editions ( ,faugre or ,havet1 z may be mo/ conv5i5t1 & take !m 9 su* ord] z suits our own purpose ( exhibit+ ,pascal's m9d z cle>ly z we c4 ,= ! same reason1 we %all give su* passages z appe> to u n always ! mo/ j or accurate 9 ?\ght1 b ! mo/ *>act]i/ic or repres5tative ( ! v]itable ,pascal1 ^: true words 7 s long conceal$ f ! _w4 ,we _c d bett]1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 ?an note :at s great a ma!matician has to say ( geometry & ! 8ma!matical m9d10 comp>$ ) ! naturally acute m9d 78l'esprit de f9esse071 betwixt :i* he draws an int]e/+ p>allel4 ,! fragm5t on ! 8,ma!matical0 or 8,geometric ,m9d0 01 ) ! exception ( a brief passage giv5 by ,des ,molets #afe 9 #agbh1 orig9ally publi%$1 al?\gh ) num]\s suppressions1 9 ,condorcet's edition ( ! #8,p5ses4' ,x appe>$ = ! fir/ "t 9 its complete =m1 & "u its prop] title1 9 ,faugre's edition1 along ) its natural p5dant1 ! closely-alli$ fragm5t1 entitl$ 8,l',art de ,p]suad]40 ,we give a few passages f ! fir/ fragm5t3-- 8,we may h ?ree pr9cipal objects 9 ! /udy ( tru?--"o to discov] x :5 we seek x1 ano!r to demon/rate x :5 we possess x1 & a ?ird & la/ to discrim9ate x f ! false :5 we exam9e x4 4 4 4 ,geometry excels 9 all ?ree1 & especially 9 ! art ( discov]+ unkn[n tru?s1 :i* x calls analysis4 4 4 ,!re is a me?od :i* excels geometry1 b is impossible to man1 = :atev] transc5ds geometry transc5ds u 9 natural sci5ce1 z he expla9s else:]e4 ,?is is ! me?od ( def9+ ev]y?+ & prov+ ev]y?+4 4 4 ,a f9e me?od1 b impossible2 s9ce x is evid5t t ! fir/ t]ms t we wi% to def9e1 suppose prec$5t t]ms necess>y = _! explanation--& t ! fir/ propositions t we wi% to prove1 suppose o!rs :i* prec$e !m2 & s x is cle> we c nev] arrive at absolutely fir/ pr9ciples4 ,9 pu%+ our rese>*es to ! utmo/1 we necess>ily rea* primitive words t admit ( no fur!r def9ition1 & pr9ciples s obvi\s1 t !y require no pro(4 ,man c nev]1 !re=e1 f natural incompet5cy1 possess an absolutely complete sci5ce4 4 4 4 ,b geometry1 :ile inf]ior 9 its aims1 is absolutely c]ta9 )9 its limits4 ,x nei!r def9es ev]y?+1 nor attempts to prove ev]y?+1 & mu/1 s f>1 yield its pret5sion to be an absolute sci5ce2 b x sets out f ?+s univ]sally admitt$ z cle> & con/ant1 & is !re=e p]fectly true1 because 9 consonance ) nature4 ,its function is n to def9e ?+s univ]sally cle> & und]/ood1 b to def9e all o!rs2 & n to attempt to prove ?+s intuitively kn[n to m51 b to attempt to prove all o!rs4 ,aga9/ ?is1 ! true ord] ( k1 ^? alike err :o attempt to def9e & to prove ev]y?+1 & ^? :o neglect def9ition & demon/ration :]e ?+s are n self-evid5t4 ,?is is :at geometry tea*es p]fectly4 ,x attempts no def9ition ( su* ?+s z space1 "t1 motion1 numb]1 equality1 & ! l1 because ^! t]ms designate s naturally ! ?+s :i* !y signify1 t any attempt at mak+ !m m cle> ends 9 mak+ !m m obscure4 ,= !re is no?+ m futile ?an ! talk ( ^? :o w\ld def9e primitive words4 #aff 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8,9 geometry ! pr9ciples are palpable1 b remov$ f common use4 4 4 4 ,9 ! sph]e ( natural wit or acut5ess1 ! pr9ciples are 9 common use & be=e all eyes--x is only a "q ( hav+ a good view ( !m2 = !y are s subtle & num]\s1 t "s are almo/ sure to escape obs]vation4 4 4 4 ,all geomet]s w\ld be m5 ( acut5ess if !y _h suffici5t insight1 = !y nev] reason falsely on ! pr9ciples recognis$ by !m4 ,all f9e or acute spirits w\ld be geomet]s if !y c\ld fix _! ?\ghts on ! unwont$ pr9ciples ( geometry4 ,! reason :y "s f9] spirits are n geomet]s is1 t !y _c turn _! att5tion at all to ! pr9ciples ( geometry2 b geomet]s fail 9 f9] p]ception1 because !y d n see all t is be=e !m1 & be+ accu/om$ to ! pla9 & palpable pr9ciples ( geometry1 & nev] reason+ until !y h well asc]ta9$ & h&l$ _! pr9ciples1 !y lose !mselves 9 matt]s ( intellectual subtlety1 :]e ! pr9ciples are n s easily laid hold (4 ,su* ?+s are se5 ) difficulty2 !y are felt r ?an se54 ,!y are s delicate & multitud9\s t x requires a v delicate & neat s5se to appreciate !m4 4 4 4 ,s x is z r>e = geomet]s to be m5 ( subtle wit z x is = ! latt] to be geomet]s1 because geomet]s l to treat ^! nic] matt]s geometrically1 & s make !mselves ridicul\s2 !y l to comm5ce ) def9ition1 & !n g on to pr9ciples--a mode :i* does n at all suit ?is sort ( reason+4 ,x is n t ! m9d does n take ?is me?od1 b x does s sil5tly1 naturally1 & )\t consci\s art4 ,! p]ception ( ! process belongs only to a few m9ds1 & ^? ( ! highe/ ord]4 4 4 4 ,geomet]s1 :o are only geomet]s1 are sure to be "r1 provid$ ! subject come )9 _! scope1 & is capable ( explanation by def9ition & pr9ciples4 ,o!rwise !y g wrong altoge!r1 = !y only judge rightly ^u pr9ciples cle>ly set =? & e/abli%$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 subtle m51 :o are only subtle1 lack pati5ce1 9 matt]s ( speculation & imag9ation1 to rea* fir/ pr9ciples :i* !y h nev] kn[n 9 ! _w1 & :i* are entirely beyond _! beat4 4 4 4 8,!re are diff]5t k9ds ( s\nd s5se4 ,"s succe$ 9 "o ord] ( ?+s1 & n 9 ano!r1 9 :i* !y are simply extravagant4 4 4 4 ,"s m9ds draw consequ5ces well f a few pr9ciples1 o!rs are m at home 9 draw+ conclusions f a great v>iety ( pr9ciples4 ,= example1 "s und]/& well ! ph5om5a ( wat]1 ) ref]5ce to :i* ! pr9ciples are few1 b ! results extremely delicate1 s t only v great accuracy ( m9d c trace !m4 ,su* m5 w\ld probably n be great geomet]s1 because geometry involves a multitude ( pr9ciples1 & because ! m9d :i* may p5etrate ?or\ghly a few pr9ciples to _! dep? may n be at all able to p5etrate ?+s :i* comb9e a multitude ( pr9ciples4 4 4 4 ,!re are two sorts ( m9d3 ! "o fa?oms rapidly & deeply ! consequ5ces ( pr9ciples--?is is ! obs]vant & accurate m9d2 ! o!r embraces a great multitude ( pr9ciples1 )\t conf\nd+ !m--& ?is is ! ma!matical m9d4 ,! "o is m>k$ by en]gy & accuracy1 ! o!r by amplitude4 ,b ! "o may exi/ )\t ! o!r4 ,! m9d may be p[]ful & n>r[1 or x may be ample & weak40 #afh ,few ( ,pascal's ,?\ghts are m int]e/+ ?an ^? on 8,eloqu5ce & ,/yle40 ,s great a ma/] ( ! art ( expression _h naturally some?+ to say on ^! subjects4 8,cont9u$ eloqu5ce we>ies4 ,pr9ces & k+s amuse !mselves sometimes2 !y are n always ^u _! ?rones--!y tire ( ^!4 ,gr&eur mu/ be laid aside 9 ord] to be realis$4 8,eloqu5ce is a picture ( ?\ght2 & ?us ^? :o1 aft] hav+ drawn a picture1 /ill g on1 make a tableau & n a lik5ess4 8,eloqu5ce is ! art ( say+ ?+s 9 su* a mann]--fir/1 t ^? to :om !y are address$ c und]/& !m )\t tr\ble & ) pleasure2 & secondly1 t !y may be int]e/$ 9 !m 9 su* a way t _! am\r propre may lead !m gladly to reflect ^u !m4 ,x consi/s1 !re=e1 9 a correspond5ce e/abli%$ betwe5 ! m9d & he>t ( ! he>]s on ! "o side1 & ! ?\ghts & expressions us$ on ! o!r1 & s implies a close /udy ( ! human he>t 9 ord] to "k all its spr+s1 & to f9d ! due measures ( spee* to address to x4 ,x mu/ conf9e itself1 z f> z possible1 to ! simplicity ( nature1 & n make great :at is small1 nor small :at is great4 ,x is n en\gh t a ?+ be f9e1 x mu/ be fitt+1--nei!r 9 excess nor defect40 8,eloqu5ce %\ld prevail by g5tle suasion1 n by con/ra9t4 ,x %\ld reign1 n tyrannise4 8,!re are "s :o speak well1 & :o d n write well4 ,! place--! assembly--excites !m1 & draws =? _! m9d m ?an !y ev] exp]i5ce )\t su* excitem5t40 8,^? :o make anti!ses by =c+ ! s5se are l m5 :o make false w9d[s = ! sake ( symmetry4 ,_! rule is n to speak correctly1 b to make correct figures40 8,!re %\ld be 9 eloqu5ce always :at is true & real2 b t :i* is pleas+ %\ld itself be ! real40 8,:5 we meet ) ! natural /yle we are surpris$ & delight$1 = we expect$ to f9d an au?or1 & we f9d a man2 :il/ ^? ( good ta/e :o 9 look+ into a book ?9k to f9d a man1 are altoge!r surpris$ to f9d an au?or4 ,plus poetice quam humane locutus es4 ,!y hon\r nature mo/ :o tea* h] t %e c speak be/ on all subjects--ev5 on !ology40 8,!re are m5 :o always dress up nature4 ,no m]e k+ ) !m1 b an augu/ mon>*4 ,no ,p>is1 b ! capital ( ! k+dom4 ,!re are places 9 :i* x is necess>y to call ,p>is ,p>is2 o!rs1 :]e we mu/ call x ! capital ( ! k+dom40 8,:5 9 composition we f9d a ^w repeat$1 & on try+ to correct x f9d x s suitable t a *ange w\ld spoil ! s5se1 x is bett] to let x alone4 ,?is /amps x z fitt+1 & x is a /upid feel+ :i* does n recognise t repetition 9 su* a case is n a fault2 = !re is no univ]sal rule4 8,! mean+ itself *anges ) ! words :i* express x4 ,! mean+ d]ives its dignity f ! words1 in/ead ( imp>t+ x to !m40 8,! la/ ?+ t we discov] 9 writ+ a book is to "k :at to put at ! beg9n+4 8,:5 a disc\rse pa9ts a passion or effect naturally1 we f9d 9 ourselves ! tru? ( :at we he>1 :i* 0 !re )\t our kn[+ x1 s t we are l$ to l ! man :o discov]s s mu* to u4 ,= he does n %[ u 8 own good1 b ours2 & ?is good turn makes him lovable4 ,besides t1 ! community ( intellig5ce we h ) him necess>ily incl9es ! he>t t[>ds him4 8,let none allege t ,i h said no?+ new4 ,! arrangem5t ( ! matt] is new4 ,:5 we play at t5nis1 bo? play ) ! same ball2 b "o plays bett] ?an ! o!r4 ,!y might z well accuse me ( us+ old words1 z if ! same ?\ghts diff]5tly arrang$ w\ld n =m a diff]5t disc\rse2 j z ! same words diff]5tly arrang$ express diff]5t ?\ghts4 8,!re is a def9ite /&>d ( ta/e & beauty1 :i* consi/s 9 a c]ta9 relation betwe5 our nature--x may be weak or /rong1 b su* z x is--& ! ?+ t pleases u4 ,all t is =m$ to ?is /&>d delights u1--h\se1 song1 writ+1 v]se1 prose1 wom51 buds1 riv]s1 trees1 rooms1 dress1 etc4 ,all t is n =m$ by ?is /&>d disgu/s m5 ( good ta/e4 8,i nev] judge ( ! same ?+ exactly 9 ! same mann]4 ,i _c judge ( my "w 9 ! c\rse ( do+ x4 ,i mu/ d z pa9t]s d1 place myself at a di/ance f x1 b n too f>4 ,h[ !n8 ,y may guess40 ,we d n look to ,pascal especially = worldly insight1 or = t %>p k ( m5 t make ! say+s ( clev] social writ]s l ,ro*ef\cauld or ,horace ,walpole memorable1 if n always wise or k9d4 ,b !re are _m ( ! ,?\ghts :i* %[ t ! p5it5t ( ,port ,royal _h look$ ) cle> obs]vant eyes bel[ ! surface ( ,p>is society1 & t he _h a deep s5se n only ( ! moral b ! social weaknesses ( humanity4 8,:5 passion leads u t[>ds any?+1 we =get duty2 z we l a book we read x1 :ile we ought to be do+ some?+ else4 ,9 ord] to be rem9d$ ( our duty1 x is necess>y to propose to d some?+ t we dislike2 !n we excuse ourselves on ! gr\nd t we h some?+ else to d1 & s we recollect our duty by ?is means4 8,h[ wisely are m5 di/+ui%$ by _! ext]ior r ?an by _! int]ior qualifications6 ,:i* ( u two %all take ! lead8 ,:i* %all yield prec$5ce8 ,! man ( less tal5t8 ,b ,i am z clev] z he4 ,!n we mu/ fight x out4 ,b he has f\r lackeys & ,i h only "o4 ,t is a visible diff]5ce4 ,we h only to c\nt ! numb]s4 ,x is my place !n to give way1 & ,i am a fool to conte/ ! po9t4 ,9 ?is way peace is kept1 :i* is ! greate/ ( bless+s4 8,!re is a great advantage 9 rank1 :i* gives to a man ( eighte5 or tw5ty a degree ( acceptance1 publicity1 & respect :i* ano!r c h>dly obta9 by m]it at fifty4 ,x is a ga9 ( ?irty ye>s )\t any tr\ble4 8,respect = o!rs requires y to inconv5i5ce y\rself4 ,?is seems fooli%1 yet x is v prop]4 ,x seems to say1 ,i w\ld gladly inconv5i5ce myself if y really requir$ me to d s1 see+ ,i am ready to d s )\t s]v+ y4 8#8,?is is my dog1' say *ildr52 #8t sunny seat is m9e4' ,!re is ! beg9n+ & type ( ! usurpation ( ! :ole e>?4 8,?is ,i is hateful4 ,y1 ,miton1 #aga m]ely cov] x1 y d n take x away2 y are !re=e always hateful4 ,n at all1 y say2 = if we act oblig+ly to all m51 !y h no reason to hate u4 ,s f> true1 if !re 0 no?+ hateful 9 ! ,i itself b ! displeasure :i* x gives4 ,b if ,i hate x because x is ess5tially unju/1 because x makes itself ! c5tre ( ev]y?+1 ,i %all hate x always4 ,9 %ort1 ?is ,i has two qualities3 x is unju/ 9 itself1 9 t x makes itself ! c5tre ( ev]y?+2 x is an annoyance to o!rs1 9 t x w\ld s]ve itself by !m4 ,ea* ,i is ! enemy1 & w\ld be ! tyrant1 ( all o!rs4 8,he :o w\ld ?or\ghly "k ! vanity ( m5 has only to consid] ! causes & effects ( love4 ,! cause is a je ne sais quoi1 an indef9able trifle--! effects are mon/r\s4 ,if ! nose ( ,cleopatra _h be5 a little %ort]1 x w\ld h *ang$ ! hi/ory ( ! _w4 8,y h a bad mann]--#8excuse me1 if y please4' ,)\t ! apology ,i %\ld n h kn[n t !re 0 any h>m done4 ,begg+ y\r p>don1 ! #8excuse me1' is all ! mis*ief4 8,d y wi% m5 to speak well ( y8 ,!n nev] speak well ( y\rself4 8,! m m9d we h1 ! m d we obs]ve m5 ( orig9al m9d4 ,x is y\r commonplace p t f9d no diff]5ce betwixt "o man & ano!r4 8,x is ! conte/ t delights u1 & n ! victory4 ,x is ! same 9 play1 & ! same 9 se>* = tru?4 ,we love to wat* 9 argum5t ! conflicts ( op9ion2 b ! pla9 tru? we d n c>e to look at4 ,to reg>d x ) pleasure1 we mu/ see x gradually em]g+ f ! conte/ ( debate4 ,x is ! same ) passions3 ! /ruggle ( two cont5d+ passions has great int]e/1 b ! dom9ance ( "o is m]e brutality4 8,! example ( *a/ity 9 ,alex&] has n avail$ 9 ! same degree to make m5 *a/e1 z 8 drunk5ness has to make !m intemp]ate4 ,m5 are n a%am$ n to be s virtu\s z he2 & x seems excusable n to be m vici\s4 ,a man ?9ks he is n altoge!r sunk 9 ! mud :5 he foll[s ! vices ( great m54 8,i h sp5t mu* "t 9 ! /udy ( ! ab/ract sci5ces1 b ! paucity ( p]sons ) :om y c communicate on su* subjects1 gave me a di/a/e = !m4 ,:5 ,i began to /udy man1 ,i saw t ^! ab/ract /udies are n suit$ to him1 & t 9 div+ into !m ,i w&]$ f>!r f my real object ?an ^? :o 7 ignorant ( !m1 & ,i =gave m5 = n hav+ att5d$ to ^! ?+s4 ,b ,i ?\ght at lea/ ,i %\ld f9d _m companions 9 ! /udy ( mank9d1 :i* is ! true & prop] /udy ( man4 ,i 0 mi/ak54 ,!re are yet few] /ud5ts ( man ?an ( geometry4 8,p 9 g5]al are call$ nei!r poets nor geomet]s1 al?\gh !y h all t 9 !m1 & are capable ( be+ judges ( x4 ,!y are n specifically m>k$ out4 ,:5 !y ent] a room1 !y speak ( ! subject on h&4 ,!y d n %[ a great] aptitude = "o subject ?an ano!r1 except z circum/ances call out _! tal5ts4 4 4 4 8,x is poor praise :5 a man is po9t$ out on ent]+ a room z be+ a clev] poet2 a bad m>k t he %\ld only be ref]r$ to :5 ! "q is z to ! m]it ( "s v]ses4 4 4 4 8,man is full ( wants1 & likes ^? :o c satisfy !m4 #8,su* a "o is a good ma!matician1' x may be said4 ,b !n ,i mu/ be do+ ma!matics2 he w\ld turn me into a proposition4 ,ano!r is a good soldi]2 he w\ld take me = a besieg$ place4 ,give me y\r true man ( g5]al tal5ts1 :o c adapt himself to all my ne$s4 8,if a man sets himself at a w9d[ to see ! pass]s-by1 & ,i happ5 to pass1 c ,i say t he set himself !re to see me8 ,no2 = he does n ?9k ( me 9 p>ticul>4 ,b if a man loves a woman = h] beauty1 does he love h]8 ,no2 = ! smallpox1 :i* w de/roy h] beauty )\t kill+ h]1 w cause him to love h] no m4 ,& if any "o loves me = my judgm5t or my memory1 does he really love me8 ,no2 = ,i may lose ^? qualities )\t ceas+ to be4 ,:]e1 !n1 is ?is me1 if x is nei!r 9 s\l nor body8 8,h[ is x t a lame man does n ang] u1 b a blund]+ m9d does8 ,is x t ! cripple admits t we walk /raight1 b a crippl$ m9d accuses u ( limp+8 ,epictetus asks also1 ,:y are we n annoy$ if any "o tells u t we are unwell 9 ! head1 & yet are angry if !y tell u t we reason falsely or *oose unwisely8 ,! reason is1 t we "k c]ta9ly no?+ ails our head1 or t we are n crippl$ 9 body4 ,b we are n s c]ta9 t we h *os5 correctly4 8,all m5 naturally hate "o ano!r4 8,desire & =ce are ! s\rce ( all our actions--desire ( our volunt>y1 =ce ( our involunt>y actions4 8,m5 are necess>ily su* fools1 t x w\ld be folly ( ano!r k9d n to be a fool4 8,to make a man a sa9t1 grace is absolutely necess>y2 & :oev] d\bts ?is does n "k :at a sa9t is1 nor :at a man is4 8,! la/ act is always trag$y1 :atev] f9e com$y !re may h be5 9 ! re/ ( life--,we mu/ all die alone40 8,!re c only be two k9ds ( m53 ! righte\s1 :o believe !mselves s9n]s2 & s9n]s1 :o believe !mselves righte\s4 8,unbeliev]s are ! mo/ cr$ul\s2 !y believe ! miracles ( ,vespasian to escape believ+ ! miracles ( ,moses4 8,a!i/s %\ld speak only ( ?+s p]fectly cle>1 b x is n p]fectly cle> t ! s\l is mat]ial4 8,a!ism indicates =ce ( m9d1 b only up to a c]ta9 po9t40 ,"s ( ! =ego+ ,?\ghts #agd may appe> to our read]s suffici5t to w>rant ! *>ge ( scepticism1 already adv]t$ to4 ,pascal c]ta9ly speaks at times bo? ( human life & human reason 9 a contemptu\s mann]4 ,ev5 ,ro*ef\cauld c\ld h>dly express himself m bitt]ly ?an he does n[ & !n :5 he fixes 8 cle> gaze ^u ! folly1 ! vanity1 ! weaknesses :i* make up man's cu/om>y life1 & ! deceits :i* he practises ^u himself & 8 fell[s4 ,all ! _w seems to him at su* times 89 a /ate ( delusion40 ,if !re is tru?1 x 8is n :]e m5 suppose x to be40 ,! majority are to be foll[$1 n 8because !y h m reason1 b because !y h m =ce40 8,! p[] ( k+s is f\nd$ on ! reason & on ! folly ( ! p1 b *iefly on _! folly4 ,! greate/ & mo/ important ?+ 9 ! _w has weakness = its basis1 & ! basis is wond]fully secure1 = !re is no?+ m c]ta9 ?an t p w be weak4 4 4 4 ,our magi/rates well und]/& ?is my/]y4 4 4 4 ,save = _! crimson robes1 erm9e1 palaces ( ju/ice1 fleur-de-lis1 !y w\ld nev] h dup$ ! _w4 ,:]e w\ld ! physician be )\t 8 #8cassock & mule1' & ! !ologian )\t 8 #8squ>e cap & fl[+ g>m5ts'8 ,^! va9 adornm5ts impress ! imag9ation1 & secure respect4 ,we _c look at an advocate 9 8 g[n & wig )\t a fav\rable impression ( 8 abilities4 ,! soldi] alone ne$s no disguise1 because he ga9s 8 au?ority by actual =ce1 ! o!rs by grimace40 ,9 su* s5t5ces1 z well z 9 "s previ\sly quot$1 ! cynicism ( bo? ,hobbes & ,montaigne seems to speak4 ,man is really a fool1 & society re/s ^u =ce4 ,! fur!r d[n we g1 we come1 n to any natural rights1 or ess5tial pr9ciples ( ju/ice1 :i* reason is capable ( judg+1 b only to a mass ( cu/oms built up out ( selfi% in/9cts1 & controll$ by ext]nal influ5ce4 ,pascal repeats ,montaigne ov] & ov] aga91 & seems to make _m ( 8 cynicisms 8 own4 ,?is is n to be d5i$4 8,montaigne is "r4 ,cu/om %\ld be foll[$ because x is cu/om1 & because x is f\nd to be e/abli%$1 )\t inquiry :e!r x be reasonable or n40 ,yet he puts 9 a caveat1 z we %all see m fully aft]w>ds1 j :5 he seems mo/ to h id5tifi$ himself ) ! repres5tative ( scepticism4 ,9 bl9dly foll[+ cu/om1 he res]ves 8^? matt]s :i* are n contr>y to natural or div9e "r20 & ! root ( cu/om1 ev5 9 ! popul> m9d1 he believes to be a dim s5se ( ju/ice4 ,aga91 9 a simil> ve91 he asks1 8,:y foll[ anci5t laws & anci5t op9ions8 ,are !y wis]8 ,no4 ,b !y /& ap>t f pres5t int]e/s2 & ?us take away ! root ( diff]5ce40 ,"h1 z s (t51 ! morali/ supplants ! sceptic1 & sugge/s a high] ?\ght1 :ile seem+ to approve ( a sup]ficial ,pyrrhonism4 ,x is easy1 9 "o s5se1 to make out a case ( scepticism aga9/ ,pascal4 ,he always writes /rongly4 ,!re is passion 9 all 8 ?\ght4 ,he _h a /rong & deep s5se ( human weakness1 & incapacity to atta9 ! highe/ tru?4 ,he spoke ( ! philosophy ( ,desc>tes )\t respect4 ,) mo/ ( ! ,port ,royali/s1 inde$1 he seems to h concurr$ 9 ! ,c>tesian doctr9e ( automata1 #agf /rangely reviv$ 9 our day by ,pr(essor ,huxley4 ,b he repudiat$ ! notion ( 8subtle matt]10 & ev5 spoke ( x ) contempt 7dont il se moquait =t74 8,he c\ld n be>10 8 niece tells u1 9 a passage (t5 quot$ & emphasis$1 8! ,c>tesian mann] ( expla9+ ! =mation ( all ?+s40 8,i _c =give ,desc>tes10 he said4 8,he w\ld will+ly 9 all 8 philosophy h done )\t ,god1 if he c\ld2 b he c\ld n get on )\t lett+ him give ! _w a fillip to set x ago+3 aft] t1 he has no?+ m to d ) ,god40 ,:e!r he _h /udi$ ,desc>tes or n1 he evid5tly did n %>e ! en?usiasm ( ,arnauld & o!rs = 8 philosophy4 ,he ev5 spoke ( x z 8useless1 unc]ta91 & tr\blesome--nay1 z ridicul\s40 #agg ,he has add$1 9 t brusque1 rapid1 =ceful /yle *>act]i/ic ( _m ( 8 ,?\ghts1 t 8he did n ?9k ! :ole ( philosophy wor? an h\r's tr\ble40 ,aga93 8,to set light by philosophy is ! true philosophy40 ,:5 we look at su* expressions1 & _m o!rs1 x is n to be wond]$ at t ,pascal has be5 accus$ ( scepticism4 ,z he c\ld n =give ,desc>tes1 s ,c\s9 _c =give him = 8 depreciation ( ,desc>tes4 ,"o :o saw no?+ 9 ,c>tesianism or philosophy 9 g5]al beyond :at ^! ra% s5t5ces1 fre%ly re/or$ 9 all _! audacity1 decl>e1 c\ld be no?+ b an 8enemy ( all philosophy40 ,x is impossible n to feel t !re is "s gr\nd = ?is accusation1 & t1 if we 7 to draw our k ( ,pascal m]ely f su* passages1 ,c\s9 makes out some?+ ( a case aga9/ him4 ,b _m o!r passages1 h>dly less emphatic1 mu/ make e c&id read] pause be=e he comes to any def9ite conclusion on ! subject1 if x is necess>y to come to su* a conclusion at all4 ,x mu/ nev] be =gott5 t we h n[h]e ! complete m9d ( ,pascal2 t x 0 ( ! v nature ( ?\ghts rapidly da%$ ^u pap]--z ! v =m ( _m we h quot$ cle>ly indicates !y 7--to be "o-sid$ & (t5 extravagant4 ,pascal1 ( all m51 is n to be measur$ by 8 /rong expressions4 ,8 intellectual nature1 :ile pr(\nd1 0 n>r[ & int5se4 ,he put 8 :ole s\l into :at mov$ him = ! "t2 & a c]ta9 excess ( passionate intellectual emotion evid5tly speaks 9 "s ( ! mo/ /rik+ ( ! #8,p5ses4' ,we may imag9e h[ 9 "s--p]haps 9 _m--cases !y w\ld h be5 ton$ d[n _h he liv$ to revise & refa%ion !m into a h>moni\s :ole4 ,t int]ior elaboration1--8a k9d ( second creation ( g5ius10 z ,m4 ,faugre says--:i* no "o else may v5ture ^u1--w\ld und\bt$ly h come f 8 own ma/]ly h&1 if x _h be5 giv5 him to br+ fragm5t to fragm5t1 & to fit !m toge!r into a complete fabric4 ,x w\ld be a h>d ?+ to judge any /ud5t1 & especially a /ud5t l ,pascal1 by ! scatt]$ notes ( 8 libr>y table2 & preci\s z ^! fragm5ts are1 we mu/ rememb] t ?is is _! "*1 & no?+ else4 ,! fact t we n[ h !m 9 all _! native h>diesse makes ?is caution n ! less b all ! m necess>y4 ,9 pass+ on to consid] m p>ticul>ly ,pascal's philosophical & religi\s attitude1 we %all see m fully ! be>+ ( ^! rem>ks4 ,pascal1 9 po9t ( fact1 embraces _m po9ts ( view2 &1 if he leans sometimes to scepticism1 he sees also ! /rong side ( :at he calls dogmatism or rational philosophy4 ,! v exagg]ations ( 8 language1 n[ on ?is side & n[ on t1 %[ t he himself is m ?an ei!r1 z 8 own words be>4 8,x is necess>y10 he says1 8to h ?ree qualities--^? ( ! ,pyrrhoni/1 ( ! geometrician 7! dogmati/71 & ( ! humble ,*ri/ian4 ,^! unite ) & attemp] "o ano!r1 s t we d\bt :5 we %\ld1 we aim at c]ta9ty :5 we %\ld1 & we submit :5 we %\ld40 ,he c]ta9ly ?\ght t he _h f\nd a sur] road to tru? ?an ei!r ,dogmatism or ,pyrrhonism4 ,:e!r he succe$$ 9 do+ s w appe> z we proce$4 ,! fam\s conv]sation ) ,de ,saci1 :5 he ent]$ ,port ,royal1 mu/ be tak5 z ! *ief key to ,pascal's own philosophical attitude4 ,!re is n[h]e 9 any ( ! ,?\ghts s complete an exhibition ( 8 po9t ( view2 & all ! editors :o h mo/ ent]$ into ,pascal's _s--,sa9te-,beuve1 ,faugre1 & ,havet alike--h recognis$ its importance4 ,x is really1 z ,havet says1 ( ! nature ( an introduction to ! #8,p5ses4' ,9 ?is conv]sation ,pascal signalises :at he believes to be ! two great oppos+ sy/ems ( human philosophy at all times2 ! rational1 dogmatic1 or ,/oical1 on ! "o h&--! sceptical1 or ,epicurean1 on ! o!r4 ,he takes ,epictetus z ! repres5tative ( ! "o2 ,montaigne z ! repres5tative ( ! o!r4 ,9 depict+ dogmatism at o!r times1 he seems to h ,desc>tes especially 9 view2 b 9 speak+ ( scepticism & ,pyrrhonism 7:i* is 8 own expression71 x is always ,montaigne t he has be=e him4 ,montaigne is ,pyrrhoni/ p> excell5ce2 & und\bt$ly ! fam\s ,essays _h greatly fasc9at$ ,pascal1 l _m o!rs 9 8 g5]ation4 ,he 0 con/antly drawn to !m z embody+ "o1 & t a deep1 phase ( 8 own exp]i5ce4 ,he felt 8 own ?\ght express$ 9 _m pages ( ,montaigne1 & _h t fav\r = ! ,essays t e ?\ghtful man has = ! book t makes 8 own exp]i5ce alive1 & br+s x cle>ly be=e him4 ,b he has1 at ! same "t1 made pla9ly intelligible 8 own diff]5ces f ,montaigne1 & m>k$ ) 8 usual boldness ! limitations ( 8 ?\ght4 ,if ,pascal is ,pyrrhoni/1 he is c]ta9ly n ,pyrrhoni/ aft] ! mann] ( ,montaigne1 deeply z he responds to _m ( ! notes ( ! ,essays1 & at times seems to make !m 8 own4 ,! conv]sation ) ,de ,saci took place 9 #afed1 :5 ,pascal fir/ w5t to ,port ,royal des ,*amps1 & ,de ,saci became 8 spiritual director4 ,we owe its pres]vation to ,fonta9e1 f ^: manuscript #8,memoirs' x 0 extract$1 & fir/ publi%$ 9 #agbh by ,des ,molets4 ,aft] all ! lab\r ( ,faugre1 ,havet believes himself to h giv5 = ! fir/ "t ! correct text ( ! conv]sation f ! orig9al pr9t ( ,des ,molets1 bas$ on ,fonta9e's manuscripts1 r ?an f ! text ( ! #8,memoirs' z aft]w>ds publi%$4 ,fonta9e describes 9 8 nave mann] ! impression made by ,pascal ^u ,de ,saci1 & h[ ! brilliancy ( p[] :i* _h *>m$ all ! _w c\ld n be hidd5 )9 ! %ades ( ,port ,royal4 ,ignorant ( ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 he _h f\nd by 8 own m5tal & spiritual p5etration ! v tru?s to be met ) 9 !m2 & ,de ,saci seem$ to see ano!r ,/ ,augu/9e be=e him 9 ! wond]ful talk ( ! gift$ p5it5t4 ,x 0 8 practice 9 deal+ ) 8 p5it5ts to adapt 8 conv]sation to _! peculi> p[]s4 ,if he spoke ) ,m4 ,*ampagne1 = example1 he talk$ ) him ( pa9t+4 ,if he saw ,m4 ,hamon1 he inquir$ ab\t ! art ( m$ic9e4 ,if x 0 ! surgeon ( ! place1 he _h some?+ to say ( surg]y4 ,all 0 design$ to lead ! ?\ghts f all human ?+s up to ,god4 ,) ,pascal1 !re=e1 x 0 philosophy ^u :i* 8 conv]sation fell1 to try ! dep?s ( 8 m9d1 & see :at special direction he ne$$4 8,pascal told him t ! two books mo/ famili> to him 7 ,epictetus & ,montaigne1 & he lavi%$ great praise on bo?4 ,m4 de ,saci _h always wi%$ to read ^! two au?ors1 & ask$ ,m4 ,pascal to expla9 !m fully40 8,epictetus10 said ,pascal1 8is "o ( ! philosoph]s ( ! _w :o h be/ kn[n ! duties ( man4 ,above all ?+s1 he w\ld h man reg>d ,god z 8 *ief object--to be p]suad$ t ,he gov]ns all ?+s ) righte\sness--to submit to ,him cordially1 & to foll[ ,him will+ly1 z hav+ made all ?+s ) p]fect wisdom4 ,su* a disposition w\ld /ay all compla9ts & murmurs1 & prep>e ! human m9d to be> quietly ! mo/ tr\blesome ev5ts4 #8,nev] say1' he obs]ves 7,en*irid4 #aa71 #8,i h lo/ t2 say r1 ,i h re/or$ x4 ,my son is dead2 ,i h surr5d]$ him4 ,my wife is dead2 ,i h giv5 h] up4' ,& s ( e o!r good4 4 4 4 ,:ile its use is p]mitt$1 reg>d x z a good belong+ to o!rs1 z a travell] does 9 an inn4 ,y %\ld n wi%1' he adds1 #8t ?+s be z y desire1 b y %\ld desire !m to be z !y are4' 4 4 4 ,x is y\r duty to play well ! "p assign$ to y1 b to *oose ! "p is ! act ( ,ano!r4 ,h always dea? be=e y\r eyes1 & ! evils :i* are lea/ supportable1 & y w\ld nev] ?9k meanly ( any?+1 nor desire any?+ 9 excess4 ,he %[s 9 a ?\s& ways :at is ! duty ( man4 ,he wi%es him to be humble1 to conceal 8 good resolutions1 especially 9 _! beg9n+s1 t he may c>ry !m out 9 secret4 ,no?+ is s ru9\s to !m z publicity4 ,he nev] ceases to repeat t ! :ole duty & desire ( man ought to be to ackn[l$ge ! w ( ,god1 & to foll[ x4 8,su* 7 ! lights ( ?is great m9d1 :o has s well und]/ood ! duties ( man4 ,i v5ture to say1 t he w\ld h des]v$ to be ador$ if he _h only kn[n z well human weakness2 b 9 ord] to d ?is1 he mu/ h be5 ,god ,himself4 ,m]e man z he 01 aft] hav+ s well expla9$ human duty1 he loses himself 9 ! presumption ( human capacity4 ,he av]s t ,god has giv5 to e man ! means ( acquitt+ himself ( all 8 obligations2 t su* means are always )9 8 own p[]1 t happ9ess is to be s\ght by ?+s )9 our rea*1 s9ce ,god has giv5 u !m = ?is v end4 ,he po9ts out 9 :at our fre$om consi/s3 goods1 life1 e/eem are n 9 our p[]1 & !re=e d n lead to ,god2 b none c =ce ! m9d to believe :at is false1 nor ! w to love t :i* w make x mis]able4 ,^! two p[]s are !re=e free2 & by ^! we c r5d] ourselves p]fect--"k ,god p]fectly1 love ,him1 obey ,him1 please ,him--vanqui% all vices1 acquire all virtues1 & s make ourselves holy1 & ! fell[s ( ,god4 ,^! pr9ciples1 truly diabolic 9 _! pride1 lead to o!r errors--su* z t ! s\l is a portion ( ! ,div9e sub/ance1 t grief & dea? are n evils1 t we may kill ourselves :5 we are 9 su* tr\ble t we may believe ,god summons u1 etc4 8,z = ,montaigne--( :om y wi% me also1 my de> sir1 to speak--be+ born 9 a ,*ri/ian c\ntry1 he makes pr(ession ( ! ,ca?olic religion1 & s f> !re is no?+ peculi> ab\t him4 ,b 9 ! se>* = a sy/em ( morals dictat$ by reason )\t ! light ( fai?1 he has to lay d[n 8 pr9ciples on ?is supposition1 & to consid] man ap>t f revelation4 ,he conceives ?+s 9 su* a univ]sal unc]ta9ty t d\bt itself is seiz$ ) unc]ta9ty1 & d\bts :e!r x d\bts4 ,8 scepticism returns ^u itself 9 a p]petual circle )\t repose1 oppos+ equally ^? :o ma9ta9 t all is unc]ta91 & ^? :o ma9ta9 t no?+ is1 s utt]ly indispos$ is he to any fixity4 ,9 ?is d\bt :i* d\bts itself1 & ?is ignorance :i* is ignorant ( itself1 is to be f\nd ! ess5ce ( 8 ?\ght4 ,he _c express x by any positive t]m2 = if he 0 to say t he d\bts1 he betrays himself by mak+ x c]ta9 t he d\bts2 & ?is be+ =mally aga9/ 8 int5tion1 he c only expla9 himself by an int]rogation4 ,n wi%+ to say1 ,i d n "k1 he c only ask1 ,:at d ,i "k8 ,he has made ?is 8 device1 putt+ x "u a pair ( balances1 :i*1 weight$ 9 ea* scale by a contradiction1 hangs 9 p]fect equilibrium4 ,9 o!r words1 he is pure ,pyrrhoni/4 ,?is is ! po9t r\nd :i* turn all 8 disc\rses & all 8 essays4 ,?is is ! only ?+ :i* he leaves fix$1 al?\gh he may n always keep x be=e him4 4 4 4 8,x is 9 ?is hum\r1 fluctuat+ & v>iable z x is1 t he combats ) an inv9cible firmness ! h]etics ( 8 "t1 :o assum$ to "k ! exclusive s5se ( ,scripture4 ,f ! same po9t ( view he ?und]s vigor\sly aga9/ ! horrible impiety ( ^? :o d>e to be c]ta9 t !re is no ,god6 ,he attacks !m especially 9 ! #8,apology = ,raymond de ,sebonde4' ,hav+ volunt>ily set aside revelation1 & ab&on$ !mselves to _! natural light--all fai? set aside--he asks !m on :at au?ority !y1 :o "k n ! ess5tial reality ( any?+1 d>e to judge ( t ,sov]eign ,be+ :o is inf9ite by ,8 v def9ition4 ,he dem&s ^u :at pr9ciples !y re/1 & presses !m to po9t !m out4 ,he exam9es all t !y br+ =w>d1 & s se>*es !m by 8 wond]ful p5etration z to %[ ! holl[ness ( :at passes = ! mo/ cle> & e/abli%$ tru?s4 ,he inquires if ! s\l kn[s any?+ :atev]--if x kn[s itself2 :e!r x is sub/ance or accid5t1 body or _s2 :at is ea* ( ^! ?+s1 & if !re is any?+ belong+ to "s ord] diff]5t f ei!r2 if ! s\l kn[s its own body2 if x kn[s :at matt] is1 or c di/+ui% ! innum]able v>ieties ( body produc$ f matt]2 h[ x c reason if x is mat]ial1 & h[ x c be unit$ to a special body1 & feel its passions if x be spiritual4 ,:5 did x beg9 to be1 ) ! body or be=e1 & if x ends ) x or n8 4 4 4 4 ,! ideas ( ,god & tru? are insep>able1 & if ! "o is or is n1 if ! "o is c]ta9 or unc]ta91 ! o!r is necess>ily ! same4 ,:o kn[s if ! common s5se 7le s5s commun7 :i* we take z a judge ( ! tru? is really ?is1 design$ = su* a purpose8 ,:o kn[s :at tru? is1 & h[ c we be sure ( hav+ x )\t kn[+ x8 ,:o kn[s ev5 :at ,be+ is1 s9ce x is impossible to def9e x2 & 9 try+ to d s1 x is necess>y to presuppose ! v idea itself1 & say x is8 4 4 4 8,i confess1 sir1 ,i might look ) joy ^u ! mann] 9 :i* ! au?or inv9cibly crumples up pr\d reason ) its own arms4 ,i c\ld love ) my :ole he>t ! m9i/] ( s mighty a v5geance if1 z a fai?ful disciple ( ! ,*ur*1 he _h foll[$ its moral guidance4 ,b he acts1 on ! contr>y1 l a pagan1 conclud+ t we ought to ab&on c>e = o!rs & dwell 9 peace1 glid+ lightly ov] su* subjects le/ we lose ourselves 9 !m1 & tak+ t to be true & good :i* at fir/ appe>s to be s4 ,?is is :y he foll[s ev]y:]e ! evid5ce ( ! s5ses & ! notions ( ! community4 4 4 4 ,9 ?is mann]1 he says1 !re is no?+ extravagant 9 8 conduct4 ,he does z o!rs d4 ,:atev] !y d 9 ! fooli% ?\ght t !y are foll[+ ! true good1 he does f ano!r pr9ciple1 t z ! probabilities 7vraisemblances7 are equally on "o side & ! o!r1 s example & conv5i5ce c>ry ! day ) him4 ,he m\nts 8 horse l any "o else--n z a philosoph]--because ! horse all[s him to d s1 b )\t ?9k+ !re is any "r 9 ! matt]1 & n kn[+ :e!r ! horse1 on ! contr>y1 may n be entitl$ to make use ( him4 ,he puts con/ra9t to himself 9 ord] to %un c]ta9 vices2 & ev5 gu>ds m>riage fai?fully1 m]ely on acc\nt ( ! disord] :i* w\ld o!rwise foll[4 4 4 4 8,i _c dissemble t 9 read+ ,montaigne1 & comp>+ him ) ,epictetus1 ,i f9d 9 !m ! two greate/ def5d]s ( ! mo/ celebrat$ sects ( ! _w1 :o pr(ess to foll[ reason r ?an revelation4 ,we mu/ foll[ "o or o!r4 ,ei!r !re is a ,god & a ,sov]eign ,good1 or ?is is unc]ta91 & all is unc]ta91--:e!r !re is any true good or n4 4 4 4 8,! error 9 bo? is1 9 n see+ t ! pres5t /ate ( man diff]s f t 9 :i* he 0 creat$4 ,! "o1 obs]v+ only ! traces ( 8 primitive gr&eur1 & ignor+ 8 corruption1 has treat$ human nature z if x 7 :ole1 )\t any ne$ ( a ,r$eem]--?is leads to ! height ( pride2 ! o!r1 s5sible ( man's pres5t mis]y1 & ignorant ( 8 orig9al dignity1 treats human nature z necess>ily weak & irrep>able1 & ?us1 9 despair ( atta9+ any true good1 plunges x into a dep? ( bas5ess40 #ahe ,^! two /ates1 ,pascal goes on to argue1 mu/ be tak5 toge!r be=e ! tru? c be rea*$4 ,ap>t1 !y give a false picture ( man2 & g5]ate on ! "o h& pride1 on ! o!r h& immorality4 ,x is only ! ,gospel :i* unites !m1 9 a "r mann]1 8by a div9e art40 ,x br+s toge!r ! opposites1 & expla9s1 by a wondr\s1 truly heav5ly way1 h[ !y may coexi/1 n z attributes ( ! same subject1 z sy/ems ( human philosophy h made !m1 b z diff]5t end[m5ts--! "o ( nature1 ! o!r ( grace4 8,behold ! new & surpris+ union :i* ,god alone c\ld tea* & alone accompli%1 & :i* is only an image & an effect ( ! ineffable union ( two natures 9 ! "o p]son ( ! ,god-man40 ,9 ^! latt] s5t5ces--:i* we h be5 oblig$1 = ! sake ( brevity1 to compress--we h ! sugge/ion ( ,pascal's philosophy bo? ( human nature & ( ,div9e revelation4 ,he recurs ov] & ov] aga9 to ! same idea1 t man is great & yet weak1 full ( capacity & yet mis]able1 & t ! ,gospel alone holds ! key to ?is enigma ( human nature4 ,?is1 m ?an any o!r1 is ! p]vad+ ?\ght r\nd :i* all ! o!rs ga!r4 8,?is tw(oldness 7duplicit710 he says1 8is s visible1 t "s h conceiv$ t man mu/ h two s\ls--a simple subject appe>+ to !m incapable ( su* & s sudd5 v>iations2 an immeasurable presumption on ! "o h&1 a horrible abasem5t on ! o!r4 ,9 spite ( all ! mis]ies :i* cleave to u1 & hold u1 z x 71 by ! ?roat 7n\s ti5n5t la gorge71 !re is )9 u an irrepressible in/9ct :i* exalts u4 ,! greatness ( man is s visible t x may be d$uc$ f 8 v mis]y4 ,8 v mis]ies prove 8 greatness4 ,!y are ! mis]ies ( a great "l1 ( a de?ron$ sov]eign4 ,! greatness ( man consi/s 9 8 k ( 8 mis]y4 ,a tree does n "k itself to be mis]able4 4 4 4 ,he is mis]able--! fact is beyond "q2 b he is great 9 kn[+ x40 #ahf ,aga91 rev]t+ to ! v same l9e ( ?\ght1 z 9 ! conv]sation ) ,de ,saci-- 8,philosoph]s h prop\nd$ s5tim5ts n at all adapt$ to ! tw(old condition ( man4 ,!y h s\ght to inspire emotions ( pure greatness2 b ?is is n man's condition4 ,!y h s\ght on ! o!r h& to inspire s5tim5ts ( m]e bas5ess2 b nei!r is ?is man's condition4 ,man ne$s abasem5t1 n ( nature1 h[ev]1 b ( p5it5ce2 n t he rema9 degrad$1 b t he may rise to greatness4 ,he ne$s to feel )9 him ! emotion ( greatness1--n ( m]it1 h[ev]1 b ( grace4 4 4 4 ,two sects h sprung out ( ?is conflict betwe5 reason & s5se 9 man4 ,! "o1 9 r5\nc+ passion1 has aspir$ to div9ity2 ! o!r1 9 r5\nc+ reason1 has sunk to m]e brutality4 4 4 4 ,! pr9ciples ( ! respective philosophies are s f> true--,pyrrhonism1 ,/oicism1 ,a!ism ev54 ,b ! conclusions are false1 because ! opposite pr9ciples are equally true4 4 4 4 ,we lab\r "u an incapacity ( demon/rat+ all ?+s inv9cible to ,dogmatism4 ,we h an innate idea ( tru? inv9cible to all ,pyrrhonism4 4 4 4 ,nature conf\nds ! ,pyrrhoni/1 & reason ! ,dogmati/20-- or1 z ! passage 0 orig9ally writt51-- 8,we _c be ,pyrrhoni/s )\t violat+ nature2 we _c be ,dogmati/s )\t r5\nc+ nature40 #ahg ,^! & o!r passages suffici5tly %[ ,pascal's relation to philosophy1 & to ,pyrrhonism 9 p>ticul>4 ,he is no enemy ( philosophy1 b he c]ta9ly does n believe x capable ( expla9+ ! riddle ( human nature4 ,he is s f> f be+ a ,pyrrhoni/ 9 ! s5se ( re/+ on ,pyrrhonism1 t he seeks to m\nt on its %\ld]s to a high] tru?4 ,nay1 he cle>ly recognises t man has an inborn faculty = tru? :i* n all ! contradictions ( 8 exp]i5ce c belie4 ,we may & mu/ d\bt z to _m ?+s2 b !re are pr9ciples ly+ at ! root ( human life :i* are inv9cible to all d\bt4 ,we c demon/rate _m ?+s2 b !re are natural realities beyond our p[] ( demon/ration4 ,on ! side ( s5se1 all ?+s seem to fluctuate & wav] 9 unc]ta9ty2 on ! side ( m]e intellect we soon cross ! limit ( our p[]s4 ,b ,humanity is m ?an ei!r s5se or intellect4 ,!re is1 z he believes1 a primitive end[m5t ( spiritual in/9ct 9 man1 :i* looks =? ^u a high] _w ( reality4 ,repeat$ly1 & 9 v>i\s applications1 he recurs to ^! ?ree radical sides or elem5ts ( ,humanity2 8! s5sible--! intellectual1 or ! ex]cise ( reason left to itself--& ! spiritual or div9e40 ,pascal despairs ( a philosophy :i* is ei!r a m]e g5]alisation ( s5sible exp]i5ce1 or :i* aims at demon/rat+ ev]y?+ f a purely rational po9t ( view2 b he is s f> f re/+ 9 m]e intellectual d\bt1 t he tries to f9d a gr\nd = human c]titude 9 a deep] /ratum ( ,humanity ?an ei!r s5se or :at he calls 8reason40 ,ne&] & o!rs h v9dicat$ = him a supreme position z a philosoph] on ?is v acc\nt4 ,) !m he is n only no sceptic1 b he /&s =? among ! m5 :o h specially v9dicat$ ! claims ( ,humanity z end[$ ) ! div9e attributes ( 8_s0 & 8w0--! m5 ( 8full m5tal heal?9ess0 :o h recognis$ 9 man a free spiritual life no less ?an a life ( s5se & intellect4 ,?is may or may n be4 ,b ! m]e fact t ,pascal has aim$ at a deep] gr\nd ( c]titude1 :e!r he has made x cle> or n1 & :e!r or n he has spok5 ) undue depreciation ( o!r s\rces ( k1 %\ld be en\gh to v9dicate him f ! *>ge ( ev5 philosophical scepticism4 ,9 ! foll[+ passage he has expla9$ 8 views m fully4 ,m ?an any o!r1 p]haps1 x may be tak5 z ! text ( 8 philosophy4 8,we discov] tru?10 he says1 8n only by reason+1 b by feel+ 7le cur72 & x is 9 ?is latt] mann] t we discov] fir/ pr9ciples--& 9 va9 does reason+1 :i* has no %>e 9 _! production1 try to combat ^! pr9ciples4 ,! ,pyrrhoni/s1 :o attempt ?is1 lab\r 9 va94 ,we "k t we are n deceiv$1 h[ev] incapable we may be ( prov+ s by any p[] ( reason+4 ,?is incapacity only demon/rates ! weakness ( our reason+ faculty1 & n ! inc]titude ( all our k1 z !y pret5d4 ,nay1 our k ( fir/ pr9ciples1 su* z ! ideas ( space1 "t1 motion1 numb]1 is z c]ta9 z any obta9$ by reason+4 ,x is1 9 fact1 ^u su* conclusions ( feel+ & in/9ct t ,reason mu/ ultimately re/ & base all its argum5ts4 ,we feel t !re are ?ree dim5sions 9 space1 & t numb]s are inf9ite2 & reason h5ce demon/rates t !re are no two squ>e numb]s ! "o ( :i* is d\ble ! o!r4 ,pr9ciples are felt1 propositions d$uc$1 & bo? ) c]titude1 al?\gh 9 diff]5t ways4 ,& x is z absurd = ! #8reason' to dem& ( ! #8he>t' pro(s ( its fir/ pr9ciples be=e ass]t+ !m1 z x w\ld be = ! #8he>t' to dem& ( ! #8reason' a feel+ ( all propositions t %e demon/rates be=e accept+ !m4 ,?is weakness1 !re=e1 %\ld only s]ve to humble reason 9 its desire to make itself judge ( ev]y?+1 b by no means to mod]ate ! c]titude ( our conviction1 z if reason 7 alone capable ( in/ruct+ u40 #ahi ,!re may be some?+ to object to 9 ,pascal's mode ( expression 9 ! above passage4 ,c\s9 has made ! mo/ ( 8 confusion ( 8reason0 & 8reason+0--8la raison0 & 8le raisonnem5t40 ,! expression 8le cur10 by :i* he designates ! high] faculty ( intuition1 may be inadequate & mislead+--complex & di/urb+ 9 its association4 ,b )al1 8 attitude 9 fav\r ( a gr\nd ( c]ta9ty 9 human k is unmi/akable4 ,s f> he is n only n ) ,montaigne1 b he is cle>ly aga9/ him4 ,! rights ( nature1 z he says1 rise up aga9/ ! ,pyrrhoni/4 ,!y make !mselves good4 ,& h[ev] /rongly ,pascal may draw ! picture ( human weakness1 & all ! contr>ieties :i* our nature encloses1 he does n mean by ?is to /rike at ! roots ( all k1 & leave man a prey to helpless d\bt4 ,he means m]ely to %ake ! ?rone ( rational security1 & to %[ t no conclusions ( m]e philosophy c rea* all ! exig5cies ( man's condition4 ,8 analysis ( human nature is ! analysis ( a morali/1 & n ( a psy*ologi/ or rational philosoph]4 ,he looks at man always z a spiritual be+4 ,x is 8 spiritual capacity :i* alone makes him great1 & yet int5sifies all ! l[] contradictions ( 8 nature4 ,x is 8?\ght alone :i* makes man's greatness40 ,a man c be conceiv$ 8)\t h&s or feet or head1 b n )\t ?\ght40 8,! possession ( ! e>? w\ld n add to my greatness4 ,z to space1 ! univ]se encloses & absorbs me z a m]e po9t1 b by ?\ght ,i embrace x4 4 4 4 ,man is b a re$1 ! feeble/ ( creat$ ?+s--b "o possess+ ?\ght 7un roseau p5sant74 ,x ne$s n t ! univ]se %\ld arm itself to cru% him4 ,a brea?1 a drop ( wat]1 suffices = 8 de/ruction4 ,b 7 ! :ole univ]se to rise aga9/ him1 man is yet great] ?an ! univ]se1 s9ce man kn[s t he dies4 ,he kn[s ! univ]se prevails aga9/ him4 ,! univ]se kn[s no?+ ( its p[]40 #aij ,x is h>dly possible to speak m eloqu5tly ( ! dignity ( human nature4 ,& if x is ! same voice :i* speaks 9 su* pa!tic or x may be h>% tones ( human weakness & mis]y1 & ! disproportions ( our natural life1 x is ! v consci\sness ( greatness t inspires ! consci\sness ( mis]y4 ,look+ f su* a height ( human dignity1 he sees all ! dep?s ( human bas5ess4 ,x is ?is high] _s :i* consecrates ,pascal z a morali/4 ,has he rebuk$ ! presumptions ( humanity8 has he call$ ^u pr\d reason to humble itself8 has he gib$ human philosophy1 & ev5 glori$ = a mom5t 9 ! contradictions ( empiricism8 ,x is nev] t he may laugh at man1 or t he may re/ 9 ! m]e contemplation ( 8 follies or extravagances1 b because he himself pr(\ndly realis$ ! height & ! dep? ( 8 be+--! gr&eur to :i* he c\ld rise1 or to :i* ,god c\ld raise him1 & ! bas5ess & mis]ies to :i* he c\ld s9k4 ,d\btless1 z ) all conc5trat$ & m$itative natures1 ,pascal delights to dwell on ! weak] & gloomi] side ( humanity4 ,?is 0 p>tly ! result ( 8 ,jans5i/ lean+s1 b ma9ly x came f 8 own int5se reality ( feel+4 ,x 0 br$ ( 8 au/]e sadness ( he>t1 & is f\nd to run z a note ( pr(\nd con/itutional melan*oly ?r\gh all 8 lett]s1 & all 8 life1 z well z 8 ,?\ghts4 ,9 ! view ( et]nity1 & ( ! awful issues involv$ 9 religion1 ! common life & pursuits ( man seem$ to him n only frivol\s1 b crim9al4 ,he look$ =?1 !re=e1 on ?is common life ) eyes n only ( te>s1 b ( displeasure4 ,he seem$ ev5 at times to d]ive some?+ ( /]n satisfaction f its v follies & absurdities4 ,b ?is is only ! tempor>y mood ( ! pr(\nd morali/ t\*$ to 8 he>t by pangs t he _c resi/4 ,8 true view ( life is nev] cynical1--b always grave1 if bitt]--& hopeful1 if /]n4 ,pascal's suppos$ philosophical scepticism admits ( some?+ ( ! same explanation4 ,he has n only no wi% to di/urb ! fundam5tal v]ities ( human ?\ght1 b he endeav\rs to fix !m 9 an in]adicable in/9ct or univ]sal 8s5se10 aga9/ :i* all ! assaults ( ,pyrrhonism mu/ break4 ,b ! :ile he is himself deeply mov$ by ! p]plexities ( human reason4 ,al?\gh no ,pyrrhoni/ 9 ?\ght1 he kn[s too well 9 exp]i5ce ! dep?s ( ,pyrrhonism4 ,8 m9d is "o ( ^? to be met ) 9 all ages1 :i*1 :ile x cl+s to fai?1 & is ev5 /rong 9 ! ass]tion ( fai?'s claims1 is yet 9 c]ta9 mom5ts utt]ly di/ract$ by d\bt4 ,con/antly se>*+ ! f\ndations ( human k1--sift+ !m z ) light$ glance1--!y seem$ to him at times to crumble away be=e him4 ,no?+ rema9$ fix$ to 8 pi]c+ look4 ,z few m9ds h exp]i5c$1 he felt ! awful d>kness :i* encloses all mortal aspiration1 & ! ke5e/ audacities ( human speculation4 ,! incapacities ( human reason at su* times ov]:elm$ him1 & left him hopeless1 or1 /ill worse1 9 a half-d]isive mood4 ,& ^! moods1 z well z 8 cle>] & m elaborate ?\ghts1 ha/ily transf]r$ to pap]1 are f\nd among/ 8 notes4 ,x is q impossible to v9dicate 8 consi/5cy1 & x is n 9 ! lea/ necess>y to d ?is1 z already expla9$2 :ile we feel b\nd to ma9ta9 t 8 high] mood is 8 true mood1 & t ! ,pascal ( ! #8,p5ses'--! v]itable ,pascal--is to be judg$1 n by 8 weakness b by 8 /r5g?2 by 8 mom5ts ( cle> m5tal sanity & insight1 & n by 8 mom5ts ( despair or ( d]isive mock]y ( all human philosophy4 ,?is seems to u ! true light 9 :i* to reg>d ! fam\s wag]-essay on ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 :i* has be5 a sc&al ev5 to "s ( 8 greate/ admir]s4 ,x is impossible to def5d ?is essay on any pr9ciple ( s\nd philosophy4 ,ei!r !re is a ,god or !re is n4 ,:i* side ( ! "q %all we take8 8,reason10 he says1 8_c decide40 ,! fact1 he means1 _c be demon/rat$ accord+ to 8 cu/om>y use ( ! ^w reason4 ,b if x _c1 !re mu/ yet be a balance ( reason1 & pro( on "o side or ! o!r4 ,& ! only fair & manly issue ( su* a "q mu/ be1 ,on :i* side lies ?is balance8 ,a valid !i/ic conclusion c be f\nd 9 no o!r way1 & lea/ ( all 9 any calculation ( *ances1 or balance ( self-int]e/4 ,& yet x is ?is la/ :i* ,pascal has put =w>d ) su* prom95ce 9 ?is fam\s essay4 8,wag]10 he says4 8,if y w91 y w9 ev]y?+2 if y lose1 y lose no?+4 ,wag]1 !n1 )\t hesitation1 t ,god exi/s4 4 4 4 ,on "o side is an et]nity ( life1 ( inf9ite bless$ness to be ga9$1 & :at y /ake is f9ite4 4 4 4 ,our proposition is1 t ! f9ite is to be ve/$ 9 a wag]1 9 :i* !re is an equal *ance ( ga9 & loss1 & inf9itude to ga940 ,! play 0 h>dly wor?y ( ,pascal1 & ! #8my/]y ( ! game' c\ld c]ta9ly nev] be unravell$ 9 any su* way4 ,b n a few m9ds l ,pascal's--) deep spiritual intuitions & yet a crav+ = sci5tific c]ta9ty con/antly mock+ ^! intuitions--h felt 9 a simil> mann] ! haz>d ( ! great "q1 & may h said to !mselves1 8,we mu/ take our /&1 & ?is is ! side :i* weighs 9 ! balance4 ,we c lose no?+2 we may ga9 ev]y?+40 ,! mood is n a l(ty "o1 & x is no high] 9 ,pascal ?an 9 any "o else2 b !re are mom5ts ( t]rible d\bt1 :5 ! s\l is s borne away on ! surge ( ! sceptical wave t rises f ! dep? ( all human speculation1 t x c only cl+ to ! ,div9e by an ef=t ( w1 & ) some?+ ( ! game/]'s ?\ght t ?is is ! w9n+ side6 ,! ?\ght may be %all[ & poor 9 itself1 b 9 su* cases x comes n out ( ! %all[s b out ( ! dep?s ( a m9d torn by di/ract+ d\bts 9 ! face ( ! dreadful problems ( life4 ,out ( ! same dep? ( spiritual exp]i5ce & tr5*ant moral analysis comes all t is true & valuable 9 8 s-call$ #8,apology4' ,t ! #8,p5ses' 7 m or less design$ to =m su* an ,apology--to be wov5 into ! plan ( a treatise 9 def5ce ( ! ,*ri/ian religion--seems beyond d\bt4 ,he _h himself1 accord+ to ! /atem5t ( 8 nephew1 unfold$ su* a plan to 8 fri5ds1 9 a l5g!n$ conv]sation ab\t ! ye> #afeg or #afei4 ,!y 7 *>m$ ) ! l(t9ess ( 8 design1 & li/5$ to 8 exposition ( x = two or ?ree h\rs ) unabat$ int]e/4 ,he 0 to comm5ce ) an analysis ( human nature1 & to advance f ! contemplation ( its my/]ies1 obscurities1 & p]plexities1 to ! consid]ation ( ! v>i\s me?ods1 philosophical & religi\s1 by :i* reason _h endeav\r$ to meet ! difficulties ( ?\ght & life4 ,aft] expla9+ ! inconclusiv5ess & absurdities ( ^! me?ods--repres5t$ by ! div]se philosophies & religions ( ! _w--he 0 to call att5tion to ! ,jewi% religion1 & ! sup]iority :i* x pres5ts to all o!rs1 bo? 9 ! extraord9>y circum/ances ( its hi/ory1 & 9 ! revelation :i* x gives ( "o ,god1 ,creator & ,gov]nor ( ! _w1 & ( ! orig9 ( man--8 primitive innoc5ce & fall4 ,! idea ( ! fall1 :i* 0 a c5tral "o 9 all ,pascal's ?\ghts1 0 to be fully exp\nd$1 9 its own "* & z 8! s\rce n only ( :atev] is mo/ inexplicable 9 man's nature1 b also ( a multitude ( ?+s1 ext]nal to him1 ( :i* he kn[s n ! causes40 ,f ! fall he 0 to pass to ! hopes ( deliv]ance reveal$ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & especially ! l(ty conception :i* x gives ( ,god z a ,god ( love1 a feature peculi> to x1 & 8:i* he deem$ ! ess5ce ( true religion40 ,f su* g5]al consid]ations--( ! nature ( prolegom5a or 8prep>ation0 = ! read]'s m9d--he proce$$ to furni% a brief view ( 8! positive pro(s ( ! tru?s he want$ to e/abli%1--pro(s d]iv$ f ! au!nticity ( ! books ( ,moses1 especially ! miracles !y record1 ! figures & types !y embody40 ,he !n w5t on m at l5g? to prove ! tru? ( religion f prophecy1 :i* he is repres5t$ z hav+ /udi$ deeply1 & c]ta9 views ( :i*1 8( a nature :olly orig9al10 he expla9$ ) great cle>ness4 ,f9ally1 8aft] go+ ?r\gh ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t10 he advanc$ to ^? ( ! ,new1 8& d$uc$ f !m 8 cr[n+ pro(s ( ! tru?s ( ! ,gospel40 ,he began ) ,*ri/1 ^: div9e mission he already suppos$ to be e/abli%$ by ! argum5t f prophecy1 & add$ additional =ce ( evid5ce f ,8 resurrection1 ,8 miracles1 ,8 doctr9es1 & ! t5or ( ,8 life2 !n f ! "* & mission ( ! apo/les2 & la/ly1 f ! /yle & mann] ( ! ,new ,te/am5t books1 & especially ( ! ,gospels1 8! multitude ( miracles1 m>tyrs1 & ! sa9ts10--9 a ^w1 f all 8by :i* ! ,*ri/ian religion is s triumphantly e/abli%$40 ,x is ne$less to say h[ imp]fectly ?is design 0 ev] accompli%$2 & no +5uity ( re/oration c make ( ,pascal's apologetic plan any?+ b a mass ( imp]fect fragm5ts4 ,yet he has left u a def9ite s]ies ( ,?\ghts on ! ,jewi% religion1 on ,miracles1 ,figures1 & ,prophecy1 & also on ,jesus ,*ri/ & ! g5]al "* ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,9 ^! ,?\ghts1 x mu/ be admitt$1 !re is b little to rew>d our /udy 9 comp>ison ) ^? ( a m introductory & philosophical nature4 ,pascal's g5ius 0 9 no degree hi/orical1 & b slightly critical--n to m5tion t ! v idea ( hi/orical criticism _h n em]g$ 9 8 "t1 nor long aft]w>ds4 ,:ile realis+ s pr(\ndly ! p]plexities ( human exp]i5ce1 he has no conception ( ! difficulties t beset hi/orical tradition2 nor d 8 habits ( sci5tific inve/igation1 & ! natural sev]ity & logical rig\r ( 8 m9d1 seem to h sugge/$ to him any misgiv+s z to ! preval5ce ( miracul\s ag5cy 9 ! _w4 ,! p]fect fai? ) :i* he accept$ ! 8miracle0 ( ! ,holy ,?orn is a suffici5t indication ( 8 /ate ( m9d 9 ?is respect1 & h[ ready he 0 to accept evid5ce ! v idea ( :i* m]ely excites a smile ( wond] 9 ! mod]n m9d4 ,x _c be said1 !re=e1 to be any matt] ( regret t ,pascal did n live to complete ! hi/orical portion ( 8 project$ "w1--:at he seems himself1 f ! report ( 8 fri5ds1 to h consid]$ ! ma9 /ructure ( ! def5ce he int5d$ to re> on behalf ( ! religion s de> to him4 ,he exp5d$ 8 real /r5g? on ! portico to ! design$ temple4 ,8 g5ius fitt$ him to deal ) ?is1 & ) ?is alone1 9 any adequate mann]4 ,8 moral analysis1 at once ke5 & v]aci\s1 enabl$ him n only to lay b>e all ! 8disproportions0 ( humanity1 b1 moreov]1 to unfold ! adaptation ( ,*ri/ianity z a spiritual sy/em to meet & rem$y ^! disproportions4 ,?is is ! real 8apologetic0 "w ( ! #8,p5ses1' & ! only "o = :i* ,pascal's m9d pre-em95tly fitt$ him4 ,he sees 9 ! ,gospel a ,div9e ,p[] :i* is capable ( m9i/]+ to man's high] wants--a p[] ( inf9ite compassion t[>ds human weakness & mis]y1 ( inf9ite help = ! "o & rem$y = ! o!r4 ,! ,*ri/ian religion1 accord+ to him1 alone 8und]/&s at once man's greatness & degradation1 & ! reason ( bo? ! "o & ! o!r40 8,x is equally important = man to "k 8 capacity ( be+ l ,god & 8 unwor?9ess ( ,him4 ,to "k ( ,god )\t kn[+ 8 mis]y1 or to "k 8 mis]y )\t kn[+ ! ,r$eem]1 :o alone c deliv] him f x1 is alike dang]\s4 ,! "o k con/itutes ! pride ( ! philosoph]1 ! o!r ! despair ( ! a!i/4 ,man mu/ !re=e h ! d\ble exp]i5ce1 & s x has pleas$ ,god to reveal x4 ,?is ! ,*ri/ian religion does2 9 ?is x consi/s40 ,aga93 8,*ri/ is ! c5tre 9 :i* alone we f9d at once ,god & our mis]y4 ,9 ,him alone we h a ,god :om we mu/ approa* )\t pride1 & be=e :om we may yet b[ )\t despair40 ,9 ano!r & m l5g!n$ passage he br+s ! two ideas ( human corruption & div9e r$emption closely toge!r1 ! "o z supplem5t>y ( ! o!r1 & expressly emphasises ! p]fection ) :i* ,*ri/ianity fits s to speak1 into all ! w>ds ( ! human enigma1--9 comp>ison ) e sy/em ( human philosophy4 8,)\t div9e k10 he says1 8:at h m5 be5 able to d save to exalt !mselves 9 ! consci\sness ( _! orig9al greatness1 or abase !mselves 9 ! view ( _! pres5t weakness8 ,unable to see ! :ole tru?1 !y h nev] atta9$ to p]fect virtue4 ,"o class consid]+ nature z incorrupt1 ano!r z irrep>able1 !y h be5 alt]nately ! victims ( pride or s5suality--! two s\rces ( all vice4 4 4 4 ,if1 9 "o case1 !y recognis$ man's excell5ce1 !y ignor$ 8 corruption2 & s1 9 escap+ indulg5ce1 !y lo/ !mselves 9 pride4 ,9 ! o!r case1 9 ackn[l$g+ 8 weakness !y ignor$ 8 dignity1 &1 :ile escap+ vanity1 plung$ into despair4 ,h5ce ! div]se sects ( ,/oics & ,epicureans1 ( ,dogmati/s & ,academicians1 etc4 ,! ,*ri/ian religion alone c reconcile ^! discrepancies & cure bo? evils1 n by expell+ ! "o by ! o!r1 accord+ to ! wisdom ( ?is _w1 b by expell+ bo? ! "o & ! o!r by ! simplicity ( ! ,gospel4 ,= x tea*es ! j t :ile x elevates !m ev5 to be p>tak]s ( ! div9e nature1 !y /ill c>ry ) !m 9 ?is l(ty /ate ! s\rce ( all _! corruption1 mak+ !m dur+ life subjects ( error1 mis]y1 dea?1 & s94 ,at ! same "t1 x proclaims to ! mo/ impi\s t !y are capable ( becom+ p>tak]s ( a ,r$eem]'s grace4 ,by ?us w>n+ ^? :om x ju/ifies1 & consol+ ^? :om x condemns1 x temp]s ) j measure fe> & hope1 ?r\gh ! tw(old capacity 9 all ( grace & s92 s t x abases inf9itely m ?an reason1 yet )\t produc+ despair1 & exalts inf9itely m ?an natural pride1 yet )\t puff+ up1--pla9ly %[+ t x alone is exempt f all error & wrong1 & possesses ! p[] at once ( in/ruct+ & correct+ m54 ,:o1 !n1 c )hold 8 belief 9 ?is revelation1 or refuse to adore its cele/ial light8 ,= is x n m cle> ?an day t we feel 9 ourselves ! ineffaceable traces ( div9e excell5ce8 ,& x is equally cle> t we exp]i5ce e h\r ! effects ( our fall & ru94 ,:at1 !n1 comes to u f all ?is *aos & wild confusion1 9 a voice ( irresi/ible conviction1 b ! irrefragable tru? ( bo? ^? sides ( humanity80 #aii ,?is passage conveys v cle>ly at once ! gi/ ( ,pascal's philosophy & ! *ief m]it ( 8 l9e ( ,*ri/ian apology4 ,! two _c be sep>at$4 ,!y run con/antly into "o ano!r4 ,he 0 a ,*ri/ian apologi/ 9 s f> z he 0 a ,*ri/ian philosoph]2 & ^? :o reject 8 l9e ( ,*ri/ian def5ce1 w also reject 8 :ole mode ( ?\ght4 ,to him ! only solution ( human p]plexity 9 ?\ght & life is ,*ri/4 ,he is ! 8object & c5tre ( all ?+s1 9 :om alone all contradictions are reconcil$40 ,?is is ! conclusion ( 8 intellig5ce1 & n ( 8 despair4 ,:atev] may be ! traces ( scepticism 9 8 intellectual nature1 x is do+ him great inju/ice to repres5t 8 acceptance ( ,*ri/ianity z a m]e refuge f unc]ta9ty4 ,he is a totally diff]5t man f ,huet1 ) :om ,c\s9 has v5tur$ to comp>e him 9 ?is respect4 ,he nev] dallies on ! surface2 m]e traditionalism has b a slight hold ( him4 ,he is a ,*ri/ian n because he has be5 taught ,*ri/ianity1 or because ! ,*ur* z a div9e in/itution claims 8 allegiance4 ,all ^! influ5ces may h affect$ him1 & giv5 a turn to 8 m9d2 b !y d n t\* ! ess5ce ( 8 ?\ghts4 ,any?+ he does say ( ! ext]nal claims ( ,*ri/ianity has b little weight4 ,x is out ( ! dep?s ( 8 own spiritual exp]i5ce t 8 fai? is born4 ,x is a voice )9 him1 a conflict+ cry ( weakness & aspiration go+ up ev]y:]e f humanity1 t f9d _! answ] 9 ,*ri/4 ,!re is ! enigma ( man on ! "o side1 to him o!rwise hopeless1 & ,*ri/ on ! o!r1 hold+ ! keys ( ! enigma 9 ,8 h&4 ,! solution appe>$ to him p]fect1 accord+ to 8 /udy & analysis ( ! problem--! tw(oldness t he f\nd 9 man1 ( div9e dignity on ! "o h&1 & frivol\s1 s5sual degradation on ! o!r4 ,bo? facts1 he says1 are equally cle> & c]ta94 ,man's fall f a /ate ( div9e innoc5ce alone expla9s !m2 & ! ,gospel alone recognises ! "o side z well z ! o!r ( human nature1 & provides a ,p[] capable ( re/or+ its true balance & rectify+ all its disord]4 ,he felt 9 himself ! might ( ?is p[] heal+ all ! w\nds ( 8 own he>t1 & b9d+ up ! %r$s ( 8 ,*ri/ian ef=ts 8to d ju/ly1 & love m]cy1 & walk humbly ) ,god40 ,:e!r we agree ) all 8 analyses1 or recognise all ! adaptations :i* he describes1 x is impossible n to feel t !y 7 liv+ to him1 & t he saw 9 ,*ri/ianity n m]ely a refuge = ! disappo9t$ he>t1 b a true philosophy ( life--! only 8sure & s\nd philosophy10 z ,ju/9 ,m>tyr _h f\nd long be=e him4 ,x is 9 ! same _s t he writes 9 _m ( 8 lat] #8,p5ses4' ,"s ( ! passages already quot$ are 9 fact tak5 f ! *apt] 8,on ! ,*ri/ian ,religion10 :i* appe>s to h be5 int5d$ to =m "o ( ! conclud+ *apt]s ( 8 ,apology4 ,b he repeats ov] & ov] aga9 ! same /ra9--t ! pres5t condition ( man is only intelligible 9 ! light ( ! ,*ri/ian revelation1 & t ?is revelation alone answ]s to all man's necessities4 ,*ri/ has n only proclaim$ a high] tru? to man1 :i* man is b\nd to accept "u p5alties ( default4 ,?is tone is also f\nd sometimes1 b comp>atively seldom4 ,! prevail+ note is1 t !re is an admirable fitness betwe5 ! two--! my/]ies ( human nature witness+ to ! div9e v]acity ( ! ,gospel1 & ! ,gospel aga9 hold+ ! only key to ^! my/]ies1 & ! only p[] ( unravell+ !m & re/or+ !m to _! div9e orig9al4 8,jesus ,*ri/10 he says1 8is = all m52 ,moses = "o p40 8,! k ( ,god )\t a k ( our mis]y produces pride2 t ( our mis]y )\t ,god leads to despair4 ,! k ( ,jesus is ! means by :i* we at once f9d ,god & our mis]y40 8,)\t ,jesus ,*ri/ man is sunk 9 vice & mis]y4 4 4 4 ,9 ,him is all our virtue & felicity40 ,( ! m directly apologetic #8,p5ses' ( ,pascal !re are _m ( great significance & int]e/1 slight z may be ! value ( 8 g5]al hi/orical argum5t1 s f> z ?is c be trac$4 ,:]ev] he tru/s to 8 own cle> judgm5t & pr(\nd p5etration1 he ?r[s out s5t5ces weighty ) mean+1 & capable ( be+ exp&$ into tra9s ( argum5t4 ,our %ort5+ space w>ns u t our quotations mu/ come to an end2 b ! read] may ?ank u = draw+ 8 att5tion to ! foll[+3-- 8,ev5 :5 ,epictetus _h discov]$ ! "r way1 he c\ld only say to man1 #8,y foll[ a wrong "o4' ,he %[s t !re is ano!r1 b he does n lead to x4 4 4 4 ,jesus ,*ri/ alone leads to x--via1 v]itas4 8,jesus ,*ri/ has spok5 great ?+s s simply t !y seem to h co/ ,him little ?\ght--& yet s fitly t we see well :at ,8 ?\ght 040 ,?is comb9ation ( cle>ness & navet is admirable4 8,! apo/les 7 ei!r deceiv$ or deceiv]s2 ei!r supposition is full ( difficulty4 8,:at "r h !y to say1 #8,x is impossible t we %\ld rise aga9'8 ,:i* is ! m difficult to be--to be born1 or to be rais$ f ! dead8 ,is x less difficult to come into be+ ?an to return to be+8 ,cu/om 7exp]i5ce7 r5d]s ! "o easy to u2 ! want ( cu/om makes ! o!r seem impossible4 ,b ?is is a popul> way ( judg+4 8,:o taught ! evangeli/s ! qualities ( a truly h]oic s\l1 t !y %\ld pa9t x to su* p]fection 9 ,jesus ,*ri/8 ,:y h !y made ,him weak 9 ,8 agony8 ,did !y n "k h[ to describe a dea? ( =titude8 ,assur$ly2 = x is ! same ,/ ,luke pa9ts ,/ ,/eph5's dea? z s mu* brav] ?an t ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,!y h made ,him capable ( fe> be=e ! necessity ( dea? _h come1 !n entirely calm & brave4 ,b :5 !y %[ ,him 9 tr\ble1 ! tr\ble comes f ,himself2 9 ! face ( m5 ,he rema9s unmov$4 8,! highe/ a*ievem5t ( reason is to recognise t !re is an inf9ity ( ?+s :i* surpass its p[]s4 8,if we submit ev]y?+ to reason1 our religion w\ld h no?+ my/]i\s or sup]natural4 ,if we violate ! pr9ciples ( reason1 our religion w be absurd & ridicul\s4 8,!re are two extremes--to exclude reason1 & to admit only reason4 8,x is y\r own cons5t1 & ! /eady voice ( y\r own reason1 & n t ( o!rs1 :i* mu/ make y believe4 8,if antiquity 0 ! rule ( fai?1 ! anci5ts 7 )\t a rule4 8,let !m say :at !y w1 x mu/ be confess$ t ! ,*ri/ian religion is some?+ a/oni%+4 #8,t is because y 7 born 9 x1' !y say4 ,s f> f ?is1 ,i am on my gu>d aga9/ x on ?is v acc\nt1 le/ ?is incl9e me unduly to x4 ,b ?\gh ,i 0 born 9 x1 ! facts are n ! less z ,i f9d !m40 ,true to 8 :ole conception ( religion z ! free *oice ( ! he>t & w1 ,pascal does n f9d any special difficulty 9 ! fact ( s _m reject+ ,*ri/ianity4 ,x is ( its v nature t x _c be =c$ on any m9d4 ,! ,god ( ! ,gospel c only be rea*$ by fai?4 ,to all )\t fai?1 or ! inn] eye to see ,him1 ,he is a ,deus absconditus1 8a ,god :o hides himself40 ,9 "o ( 8 lett]s to ,mademoiselle de ,roannez1 he dwells ^u ?is idea1 :i* also cont9ually recurs 9 8 ,?\ghts3-- 8,if ,god cont9ually reveal$ ,himself to man1 fai? w\ld h no value2 we c\ld n help believ+4 ,if ,he did n reveal ,himself1 !re c\ld be no su* ?+ z fai?4 ,:ile hid+ ,himself1 ,he yet reveals ,himself to ^? :o are will+ to be ,8 s]vants4 4 4 4 ,all ?+s hide a my/]y4 ,all are a veil :i* conceal ,god4 ,! ,*ri/ian mu/ recognise ,him 9 all4 4 4 4 ,!re is light en\gh = ^? :o wi% to see1 b d>kness en\gh = ^? :o are ( an opposite disposition4 4 4 4 ,= ,god w\ld r move ! w ?an ! intellect4 ,p]fect cle>ness w\ld cure ! "o1 b injure ! o!r40 ,& s ?is great m9d comes r\nd once m to its c5tral ?\ght1 t religion is born n ( sci5ce1 b ( love & fai?4 ,*ri/ianity appe>$ to ,pascal div9e--z ! only true int]pret] ( human exp]i5ce2 & :]e ?is exp]i5ce bore no witness to x1 & f\nd no bless+ 9 x1 ! fault & ! mis]y 7 its own4 ,! div9e light 0 n gone because m5 did n see x1 :5 !y 7 n will+ to see x4 ,?is may seem a h>d say+1--a p>adox ( fai? rejoic+ 9 its own illum9ation1 r ?an an utt]ance ( reason *all5g+ ! _w4 ,b c a div9e appeal ev] g fur!r8 ,*ri/ian apology has its own sph]e1 no less ?an sci5ce2 & ! evid5ce :i* ! "o desid]ates is n ! supreme life & p[] ( ! o!r4 ,x may n on ?is acc\nt be ! less satisfactory or ! less rational :5 ! :ole life ( humanity is look$ at4 ,if we ask ourselves1 9 conclusion1 :at is ! *ief *>m ( ! #8,p5ses1' we feel incl9$ to answ]1--_! t\*+ reality4 ,!y are ! utt]ances ( "o :o ?\ght n only deeply b passionately4 ,a /range ?rill ( p]sonal emotion runs ?r\gh !m all1 animat+ !m ) vitality1 ev5 :5 "o-sid$ or extravagant4 ,"o ( 8 own c\ntrym5 #bjd has said ( ,pascal t x 0 8 mission to d = !ology :at ,socrates did = philosophy--to br+ x d[n f heav5 to e>?4 ,& c]ta9ly !re is ! brea?+ movem5t z ( a human he>t ?r\gh 8 :ole writ+s4 ,m ?an any?+ else1 x is ?is vitality comb9$ ) 8 exquisite lit]>y art :i* sets him above all 8 fri5ds & contempor>ies--,arnauld1 ,de ,saci1 ,le ,maitre1 ,nicole1 or ,fonta9e4 ,/ill1 :5 we read ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s' or ! #8,p5ses1' we feel ourselves 9 communion ) a liv+ writ] :o knew h[ to light up ) an immortal t\* bo? ! follies ( ecclesia/icism & ! /ruggles ( a solit>y _s aft] tru?4 ,! t5d]ness ( a g5u9e insight m+les ) all ! sublimity & sev]e res]ve ( ! ?\ght1 & s we get close to a true s\l1 di/ant z ,pascal himself 9 "s respects rema9s to u4 ,! play ( human feel+ :i* we miss 9 ! man moves 9 8 writ+s1 & t\*es our he>ts ) an ineffable sympa?y1 ev5 :5 we rema9 unconv9c$ or un5light5$4 ,,end ,,( ,,pascal4 ,,notes4 #c ,lettres1 ,opuscules1 et ,mmoires de ,madame ,pri] et de ,jacquel9e1 ,surs de ,pascal1 et de ,m>gu]ite ,pri]1 sa nice2 publis sur les ,manuscrits orig9aux1 p> ,m4 ,p4 ,faugre4 ,p>is1 #ahde4 #d;a ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 p> ,m4 ,victor ,c\s94 ,troisime d4 #ahef4 ,llut1 ,l',amulette de ,pascal4 ,p>is1 #ahdf4 #d;b ,sa9te-,beuve4 ,port ,royal4 ,tom4 ii4 iii4 ,mr ,be>d1 9 8 two volumes on ,port ,royal1 gives an excell5t sket* ( ,blaise & ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 9 :i* he has made a dilig5t use ( all ! rec5t ,fr5* au?orities on ! subject4 #d;c ,briti% ,qu>t]ly ,review1 ,augu/ #ahej4 #e ,! ,prov9cial ,p>liam5ts 9 ,france be=e ! ,revolution dis*>g$ )9 a def9ite area ! same judicial & adm9i/rative functions z ! ,p>liam5t ( ,p>is2 b !y 7 always reg>d$ z (f%oots ( ! latt]1 & subord9ate to its supreme direction4 ,!y possess$ no lawful political p[]s4 ,lalanne1 ,dictionnaire ,hi/orique1 ,art4 8,p>l410 p4 #adba4 ,! 8,c\rt ( ,aides10 accord+ to ! same au?ority1 p4 #cb1 decid$ 9 ! la/ resort civil & crim9al processes relat+ to subsidies1 assessm5ts1 & taxes 9 g5]al1 & sup]9t5d$ ! collection ( ! royal rev5ues4 #f;a ,gilb]te ,pascal--,madame ,pri]--says1 9 h] life ( h] bro!r1 #afbf4 ,m>gu]ite ,pri]1 h] daught]1 ,pascal's niece1 says #afbh4 ,c\s9 7,b4 ,pascal71 ,app4 ,i4 #cae4 ,faugre1 ,lettres1 ,opuscules1 etc41 p4 #dai4 #f;b ,c\s91 ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 p4 #bc4 #g ,memoir by ,m>gu]ite ,pri]1 h] daught]1 quot$ by ,c\s91 ibid41 p4 #bd4 8,d n ?9k10 adds ,c\s91 8t ?is portrait is embelli%$3 ! au/]e ,m>gu]ite flatt]s no "o2 & if %e1 a ,jans5i/1 says t h] "m 0 beautiful1 we may be sure t %e 0 v mu* s40 #aj 8,! ext]ior angle ( a triangle is equal to ! two int]ior & opposite angles2 & ! ?ree int]ior angles are toge!r equal to two "r angles40 #aa ,baillet1 ,vie de ,desc>tes1 liv4 ,v4 c4 v4 p4 #ci4 #ab 8,ne v\s tonnez pas1 incomp>able ,arm&1 ,si j'ai mal cont5t vos yeux et vos oreilles2 ,mon esprit agit de frayeurs sans p>eilles ,int]dit mon corps et voix et m\vem5t4 ,mais p\r me r5dre ici capable de v\s plaire1 ,rappelez de l'exil mon misrable pre40 #ac ,c\s91 ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 pp4 #gb-ge4 #ae ,! ,int5dant 0 a special ,royal ,commission]1 s5t into ! prov9ces to wat* ov] ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice & ! f9ances4 #af ,see ,c\s91 ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 pp4 #gh-hj4 #ag ,m4 ,llut's volume 7already ref]r$ to7 des]ves special att5tion 9 its be>+ on ,pascal's heal?1 & ! "* ( 8 suff]+s4 ,he lays great /ress on ,pascal's highly-/rung n]v\s con/itution1 9 connection bo? ) ! precocity ( 8 g5ius1 8 physical suff]+s1 8 religi\s susceptibility1 & ! pr(\nd melan*oly :i* affect$ 8 lat] ye>s4 ,! /udy is v int]e/+ 9 "s respects1 b is ov]/ra9$ 9 its physiological details & imag9>y analysis4 #ah ,madame ,pri]1 ,vie de ,pascal4 #bj ,a disciple & fri5d ( ,franois de ,sales1 :o _h be5 bi%op ( ,bellay or ,belley1 b _h at ?is "t demitt$ 8 bi%opric = ! ,abbey ( ,aulney-,havet4 #ba ,! docum5ts conta9+ ^! details are f\nd among ! ,pascal ,,mss4 9 ! ,national ,libr>y at ,p>is1 hav+ be5 giv5 by ,m>gu]ite ,pri] to "o ( ! ,gu]ri] family1 by ^: c>e s _m int]e/+ memorials ( ,pascal h be5 pres]v$4 ,see ,faugre1 ,int4 to ,ed4 ( ,p5ses1 xlvi4-ix4 #bc;a ,c\s91 app4 #cib4 #bc;b ,faugre1 ,lettres1 ,opuscules1 etc41 p4 #deb4 ,x is difficult to make out ! exact *ronological sequ5ce ( "s ( ! facts m5tion$ by ,pascal's si/] & niece4 ,b a special accession ( ill-heal?1 accord+ to bo?1 seems to h foll[$ 8 conv]sion at ,r\51 & to h be5 among/ ! causes ( 8 removal to ,p>is 9 #afdg4 #bc;c ,pp4 #acd-acg4 #bf;a ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 p4 #gc4 #bf;b uvres de ,blaise ,pascal1 t4 #d4 ,p>is1 #ahai4 #bh;a ,nor? ,briti% ,review1 ,augu/ #ahdd1 p4 #bif4 #bh;b ,i owe ?is in=mation to ! k9dness ( my fri5d1 ,pr(essor ,tait ( ,ed9burgh4 ,he fur!r in=ms me t 8( late ye>s ! calculat+ ma*9e ( ,m4 ,s*eutz has be5 employ$ 9 ! production ( _m valuable tables almo/ hopelessly beyond ! p[] ( m]e m5tal calculation20 & t a v simple & +5i\s ma*9e1 kn[n z ! ,ari?momtre ( ,m4 ,?omas1 is to be f\nd 9 ! (fice ( almo/ e eng9e] & actu>y4 #bi;a ,lett] to ,m4 ,ribeyre1 uvres1 t4 iv4 #bi;b ,! illu/ri\s ,italian 0 !n advanc$ 9 ye>s4 ,he di$ 9 ,janu>y #afdb4 #ca uvres1 t4 iv4 pp4 #afj1afa4 #cc ,sir ,d4 ,brew/]1 9 an article on ,pascal's ,writ+s & ,discov]ies 9 ,nor? ,brit4 ,rev41 ,aug4 #ahdd4 ,sir ,david's acc\nt is almo/ lit]ally translat$ f ,m4 ,pri]'s lett] to ,pascal1 ( date ,septemb] #bb1 #afdh1 & embodi$ 9 ,pascal's 8,rcit de la gr&e ,expri5ce de l'quilibre des ,liqueurs10 fir/ publi%$ 9 #afdh4 #ci;a ,c\s91 ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 p4 #id4 #ci;b 8,evid5tly10 says ,c\s91 8,m4 ,hab]t de ,montmor1 ! ,mc5as ( ! savants ( ! "t40 #da ,blaise ,pascal4 ,prface de la n\velle d41 ,p4 #df4 uvres1 t4 i4 #ahdi4 #db;a ,jus mihi esset hoc ipsum ab ipso potius quam a te expect>e1 ideo quod ego ipsi1 jam bi5nium effluxit1 auctor fu]im ejus exp]im5ti faci5di1 eumque c]tum r$did]im1 nec de successu non dubit>e1 quamquam id exp]im5tum nunquam fec]im4 ,v]um quoniam ,d4 ,r4 amicitia junctus e/ qui mihi ultro adv]satus 4 4 4 non s9e ratione cr$5dum e/ eum sequi passiones amici sui4--,desc>tes1 ,epi/4 ,am/elodami1 #afhc4 #db;b ,disc\rs sur la ,vie et les ,ouvrages de ,pascal1 p4 xviii4 #dc;a ,any read] curi\s z to h[ f> ,desc>tes _h advanc$ 9 ?is matt] may consult ,montucla1 ,hi/oire des ,ma?matiques1 vol4 vi4 p4 #bje4 ,montucla1 no less ?an ,baillet1 writes ) a cle> bias 9 ,desc>tes's fav\r4 #dc;b ,rcit de la gr&e ,expri5ce de l'quilibre des ,liqueurs4 uvres1 t4 iv4 p4 #cja--8;,je mditai des lors l'expri5ce dont je fais voir ici le ,rcit40 #dd ,int]]at mea id rescire1 ipse enim petii ab illo1 jam exacto bi5nio1 ut id fac]et1 eumque pul*ri successus c]tum r$didi1 quod esset omn9o con=me meis ,pr9cipiis1 absque quo nunquam de eo cogitasset1 eo quod contr>i t5ebatur s5t5ti4--,ep4 lxix41 ibid4 #de;a ,pr(essor ,tait1 article 8,vacuum10 ,*amb]s's ,encyclop$ia4 #de;b ,^! fur!r rese>*es are exp\nd$ 9 two treatises1 #8,de l'quilibre des ,liqueurs1' & #8,de la ,pesanteur de l',air1' suppos$ to h be5 writt5 9 #afec1 b n publi%$ till #affc1 aft] ! au?or's dea?4 #df;a ,nor? ,briti% ,review1 ,augu/ #ahdd4 ,sir ,david 9 ! ma9 translates f ,m4 ,bossut's 8,disc\rs40 #df;b uvres1 t4 iv4 p4 #ahg4 #ej ,faugre1 ,lettres1 etc41 p4 #hj4 #ea ,vie de ,pascal4 #ed;a ,c\s91 ,vie de ,jacquel9e1 p4 #dc4 #ed;b ,ibid41 p4 #aja4 #ee ,b4 ,pascal1 app4 vii4 p4 #dia4 #eh ,vie de ,jacquel9e4 #ei ,c\s9's ,jacquel9e1 p4 #ahi4 #fj ,c\s9's ,jacquel9e1 p4 #afa4 #fa ,relation de la ,sur ,jacquel9e de ,sa9te-,euphmie ,pascal ,port ,royal1 #aj ,ju9 #afec--;a long n>rative1 ext5d+ to ab\t #ej pages ( ,c\s9's volume4 ,see also ,lettres1 ,opuscules1 etc41 ed4 by ,faugre1 pp4 #agg-bbb4 #fc;a ,relation de la ,sur ,jacquel9e1 etc41 p4 #ahb4 #fc;b ,ibid41 p4 #ahg4 #fc;c ,ibid41 p4 #aid4 #fc;d ,mmoire1 ,faugre1 p4 #dec4 #fd ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 pp4 #bcg1 #bdd4 #fe;a ,m>gu]ite ,pri] says t ,pascal _h always a room at ! ,duc de ,roannez's1 & t he /ay$ !re frequ5tly1 al?\gh he _h a h\se ( 8 own 9 ,p>is4 #fe;b ,llut1 p4 #bcd4 ,wom5 ?r\gh\t ?is "t took ! lead1 & 7 nev] s active1 ev5 9 ,fr5* politics4 8,beautiful1 witty1 & dissolute1 !y br\ght into public affairs _! frivol\s ideas1 & sacrific$ to _! vanity _! hon\r & t ( _! h\ses40--,la ,valle1 ,hi/4 des ,franais1 t4 iii4 p4 #aie1 quot$ 9 ,kit*9's ,hi/4 ( ,france1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aad4 #ff ,llut1 p4 #bch4 #fg;a ,p5ses1 d4 de ,m4 ,faugre1 t4 i p4 #aig4 #fg;b ,ibid41 t4 ii p4 #ia4 #fg;c ,faugre1 ,introduction4 #fg;d ,blaise ,pascal1 ,app4 ,no4 #g4 #fh;a ,blaise ,pascal1 ,app4 ,no4 #g4 #fh;b ,introd4 to ,ed4 ( ,p5ses4 #ga ,il prit la rsolution de suivre le tra9 commun du monde1 c'e/--dire de pr5dre une *>ge et se m>i]4--,faugre1 p4 #dec4 #gf 8,d'horribles atta*es0--an expression already allud$ to1 :i* has giv5 rise to a good deal ( speculation4--,jacquel9e ,pascal1 ,c\s91 p4 #bcg4 #gg ,c\s91 ,jacquel9e ,pascal1 pp4 #bcf-bda4 #hg ,fonta9e1 vol4 i4 p4 #ced4 #hi ,see ,be>d's ,port ,royal1 vol4 i4 pp4 #bjg1 #bjh4 #ij ,recueil d',utre*t1 quot$ by ,mayn>d1 vol4 i4 p4 #gh4 #ia ,l'an de grce #afed4 ,lundi #bc novmbre1 j\r de ,/ ,clm5t1 pape et m>tyr1 et autres au m>tyrologe4 ,veille de ,/ ,*rysogone1 m>tyr et autres4 ,depuis environ dix heures et demie du soir jusques environ m9uit et demi4 ,feu4 ,dieu d',abraham1 ,dieu d',isaac1 ,dieu de ,jacob1 ,non des philosophes et de savants4 ,c]titude4 ,c]titude4 ,s5tim5t4 ,joie4 ,paix4 #ib ,dieu de ,jsus-,*ri/ ,deum meum et ,deum ve/rum4 ,ton ,dieu s]a mon ,dieu-- ,oubli du monde et de t\t hormis ,dieu4 ,il ne se tr\ve que p> les voies enseignes dans l',evangile4 ,gr&eur de l'me huma9e4 ,pre ju/e1 le monde ne t'a po9t connu1 mais je t'ai connu4 ,joie1 joie1 joie1 pleurs de joie4 ,je m'en suis sp>-- ,d]eliqu]unt me fontem aqu viv4 ,mon ,dieu me quitt]ez-v\s8-- ,que je n'en sois pas sp> t]nellem5t6 ,cette e/ la vie t]nelle qu'ils te connaiss5t seul vrai ,dieu et celui que tu z envoy1 ,j4-,c4 ,jsus ,*ri/-- ,jsus ,*ri/-- ,je m'en suis sp>2 je l'ai fui1 r5onc1 crucifi4 ,que je n'en sois jamais sp>6 ,il ne se cons]ve que p> les voies enseignes dans l',evangile4 ,r5onciation totale et d\ce1 etc4 #ib ,9 ! p>*m5t copy1 8,c]titude1 joie1 c]titude1 s5tim5t1 vue1 joie40 #id ,! evid5ce ( an anonym\s ,,ms4 9 ! collection ( ,p4 ,gu]ri]1 gr&nephew ( ,pascal1 9 :i* ! /ory is told on ! au?ority ( two fri5ds ( ! ,pascal family1 ,m4 ,arn\l de ,/ ,victor & ,m4 le ,pi]re de ,b>illon4 ,! evid5ce = ! /ory ( ! abyss is n ev5 contemporane\s4 ,x comes f an ,abb ,boileau1 unconnect$ ) ! poet ( t "n1 :o fir/ told x 9 a volume ( lett]s publi%$ 9 #agcg4 #ie ,leibnitziana1 quot$ by ,sa9te-,beuve1 t4 iii4 p4 #bhf4 #ig ,p5ses1 t4 ii4 p #gf1 #b;d ed41 ,havet4 #aja ,recueil d',utre*t1 ,mayn>d1 vol4 i4 p4 #eee4 #ajb ,! mo/ au!ntic portrait ( ,pascal is probably t prefix$ by ,m4 ,faugre to 8 edition ( ! #8,p5ses4' ,! sket*1 9 r$ *alk1 0 f\nd among/ ! pap]s ( ,m4 ,domat1 an em95t advocate1 & "o ( ,pascal's well-kn[n fri5ds4 ,x be>s bel[ an inscription by ,domat's son--8,portrait de ,m4 ,pascal fait p> mon pre0--& is suppos$ to repres5t him 9 8 e>li] ye>s1 :5 he /udi$ natural philosophy along ) 8 fri5d4 #aje ,! foll[+ g5ealogy1 f a ,jesuit s\rce1 repres5ts n unfairly ! orig9 ( ,jans5ism & ,port ,royalism z a !ological sy/em3 8,paulus g5uit ,augu/9um2 ,augu/9us ,calv9um2 ,calv9us ,jans5ium2 ,jans5ius ,sancyranum2 ,sancyranus ,arnaldum et fratres ejus40 ,! sequel w %[ h[ e>ne/ly ,pascal disclaims ,calv9ism4 #ajf 8,attrition0 is a s*ola/ic t]m = ! fir/ acute emotions ( ! grace ( rep5tance4 8,contrition0 d5otes ! grace 9 a m advanc$ /age ( developm5t4 #ajg ,! full title is1 8,cornelii ,jans5ii ,episcopi ,ipr5sis ,augu/9us3 seu doctr9a ,s4 ,augu/9i de human natur sanitate1 gritud9e1 m$ic91 adv]sus ,pelagianos et ,massili5ses40 #ajh ,be>d's ,port ,royal1 vol4 i4 p4 #bdc4 #aaf;a ,recueil d',utre*t1 p4 #bga4 ,see also ,sa9te-,beuve1 vol4 iii4 p4 #ecf4 #aaf;b ,curieux 9 ! s5se1 says ,sa9te-,beuve1 ( bel-esprit1 amateur4 #abj ,a "n appli$ to ! ,jesuits aft] ,l\is ,mol9a1 a ,spani% ,jesuit 7#aece-afjj71 ^: 8,sci5tia ,m$ia10 ak9 to ! ,arm9ian doctr9e ( ,div9e =ekn[l$ge1 0 v fam\s 9 its day4 #acb ,be>d's ,port ,royal1 vol4 i4 p4 #bga4 ,f\nd$ on ,recueil d',utre*t1 p4 #bgh1 & ,sa9te-,beuve1 t4 ii4 p4 #eee4 #acc ,m4 ,sa9te-,beuve connects only ! two conclud+ ,lett]s ) ! fir/ two1 b ! sixte5? ,lett] also1 ^u ! :ole1 z a direct def5ce ( ,jans5 & ,port ,royal1 may be said to connect itself ) ^! r ?an ) ! int]v5+ s]ies assail+ ! ,jesuits4 ,!re 7 eighte5 ,lett]s 9 all publi%$ by ,pascal1 b !re is a brief fragm5t ( a n9ete5? ,lett] suppos$ to be also f 8 p51 & a f>!r ,lett] f ! p5 ( ,m4 le ,maitre on ! ,inquisition1 commonly pr9t$ along ) ! o!rs4 #ach ,aft] ! ,edict ( ,nantes 7#aeih71 ! ,prote/ants 7 p]mitt$ to assemble = wor%ip at ,*>5ton1 a small t[n ab\t f\r miles f ,p>is4 #add;a ,lett] ,v4 #add;b 8,! gr& project ( our ,society10 ,pascal makes 8 ,jesuit in=mant say 7,lett] ,,vi471 8is = ! good ( religion1 nev] to repulse any "o1 let him be :at he may1 & s avoid driv+ p to despair40 #adg ,lett] ,,iv4 #adh ,lett] ,,iv4 #aej;a ,lett] ,x4 #aej;b 8,:o is ,escob>80 ,pascal repres5ts himself z inquir+ 9 ! fif? ,lett]4 8,n "k ,escob>80 cries ! monk2 8! memb] ( ! ,society :o compil$ a ,moral ,!ology f tw5ty-f\r ( our fa!rs40 ,?is book1 :i* ,pascal says he 8read twice ?r\gh10 0 ! great repository f :i* he ga!r$ ! details ( ,jesuit doctr9e :i* he exposes ) su* m9ut5ess4 ,escob>1 l s _m ( ! *ief ,jesuit writ]s1 0 a ,spani>d1 born at ,valladolid 9 #aehi4 ,8 "n became a sort ( prov]b 9 connection ) _! casui/ical sy/em1 & 8escob>d]0 came to signify 8to palt] 9 a d\ble s5se40 #aea;a ,lett] ,,xi4 #aea;b ,ibid4 #aeb ,lett] ,,xv4 #aec ,?is is ,sa9te-,beuve's /atem5t 7t4 iii4 p4 #ach71 repeat$ by ,mr ,be>d1 & f\nd$ app>5tly on ,nicole4 #aef ,nicole's translation into ,lat9 ( ! #8,prov9cial ,lett]s1' 9 prep>ation = :i* he is said to h read repeat$ly ov] all ! plays ( ,t]5ce1 appe>$ at ,cologne 9 #afeh1 ab\t a ye> aft] _! completion4 #afd ,^! lectures w be f\nd1 translat$ by ! writ] ( ! pres5t volume1 9 ,kitto's ,j\rnal ( ,sacr$ ,lit]ature1 ,april-,octob]1 #ahdi4 #afe ,9 8 ,mmoires de ,littrature et d',hi/oire4 #aff ,faugre1 i4 pp4 #abc-abi4 #afh ,faugre1 i4 pp4 #adi-aeb4 #aga ,see p4 #ff4 #agd ,*iefly f ,p5ses ,div]ses4--,faugre's ed41 vol4 i4 pp4 #agg-bdb4 #agf ,! foll[+ passage f ,fonta9e's ,memoirs1 quot$ by ,c\s9 7,b4 ,pascal1 p4 #acb71 gives an int]e/+ & lively glimpse ( ! philosophical disc\rses at ,port ,royal4 ,x may n be )\t "s application to ! mod]n no less ?an ! orig9al ,c>tesian doctr9e4 8,h[ _m little agitations rais$ !mselves 9 ?is des]t t\*+ ! human sci5ce ( philosophy & ! new op9ions ( ,m4 ,desc>tes6 ,z ,m4 ,arnauld 9 8 h\rs ( relaxation conv]s$ on ^! subjects ) 8 m intimate fri5ds1 ! excitem5t spread on e side1 & ! solitude1 9 ! h\rs ( social int]c\rse1 res\nd$ ) ^! discussions4 ,!re 0 h>dly a solit>y :o did n talk ( #8automata4' ,to beat a dog 0 no long] a matt] ( any mom5t4 ,! /ick 0 laid on ) ! utmo/ indiff]5ce1 & a great fool 0 made ( ^? :o piti$ ! animals1 z if !y _h any feel+4 ,!y said !y 7 only clockwork1 & t ! cries !y utt]$ :5 !y 7 beat5 7 no m ?an ! noise ( "s little spr+ t _h be5 mov$1 & t all ?is involv$ no s5sation4 ,!y nail$ ! poor animals ^u bo>ds by ! =e-paws1 9 ord] to dissect !m :ile /ill alive1 & to see ! circulation ( ! blood1 :i* 0 a great subject ( discussion4 ,! *ateau ( ! ,duc de ,luynes 0 ! s\rce ( all ^! curi\s inquiries1 & a s\rce t 0 inexhau/ible4 ,!re !y talk$ incessantly1 & ) admiration1 ( ! new sy/em ( ! _w accord+ to ,m4 ,desc>tes40 #agg ,fragm5t sur la ,philosophie de ,desc>tes4 #ahe ,havet1 i4 pp4 cxxiv-cxxxiii #ahf ,faugre1 ii4 pp4 #ha1 #hb4 #ahg ,faugre1 ii4 pp4 #ia1 #ib1 #ii1 #ajd4 #ahi ,faugre1 p4 #ajh4 #aij ,faugre1 p4 #hd4 #aii ,faugre1 ii4 pp4 #acf1 #acg4 #bjd ,! lam5t$ ,prvo/ ,p>adol1 tudes sur les ,morali/es ,franais4