,,woodw>d',s ,,c\ntry ,,homes1 ,,by ,,geo4 ,e4 ,f4 ,w4 ,,woodw>d1 ,,ar*itects1 ,au?ors ( ,woodw>d's ,grap]ies & ,horticultural ,build+s4 ,,f\r? ,,?\s&4 ,,new-,,york3 ,,geo4 ,e4 ,f4 ,w4 ,,woodw>d1 #cg ,,p>k ,,r[1 ,(fice ( ! ,,horticulturi/4 #ahff4 ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #ahfe1 by ,,geo4 ,e4 ,f4 ,w4 ,,woodw>d1 ,9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = ! ,s\!rn ,di/rict ( ,new ,york4 ,,/eph5 ,,hallet1 ,,pr9t]1 ,no4 #gd ,fulton ,/reet4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page4 ,,introduction4 ,dome/ic ,ar*itecture & ,embelli%m5t #g ,,design ,,no4 #a4 ,a ,labor]'s ,cottage #be ,,design ,,no4 #b4 ,a ,small ,frame ,cottage #bh ,,design ,,no4 #c4 ,a ,compact ,frame ,cottage #cj ,,design ,,no4 #d4 ,a ,rural ,cottage ( mod]ate ext5t #cd ,,design ,,no4 #e4 ,a ,g>d5]'s ,cottage #dj ,,design ,,no4 #f4 ,/one ,/able & ,coa* ,h\se #de ,,design ,,no4 #g4 ,a ,f>m ,cottage #df ,,design ,,no4 #h4 ,design = a ,timb] ,cottage #ej ,,design ,,no4 #i4 ,design = a ,rural ,*ur*4 #ec ,,design ,,no4 #aj4 ,a ,suburban ,cottage #eh ,,design ,,no4 #aa4 ,an ,ornam5tal ,summ] ,h\se #fd ,,design ,,no4 #ab4 ,/able & ,c>riage ,h\se #ff ,,design ,,no4 #ac4 ,a ,model ,cottage #fh ,,design ,,no4 #ad4 ,a ,cottage ,/able #ge ,,design ,,no4 #ae4 ,design = an ,ice ,h\se #gf ,,design ,,no4 #af4 ,a ,suburban ,cottage #gi ,,design ,,no4 #ag4 ,/able & ,c>riage ,h\se #hf ,,design ,,no4 #ah4 ,s*ool ,h\se at ,irv+ton #hg ,,design ,,no4 #ai4 ,a regul> ,c\ntry ,h\se #ic ,,design ,,no4 #bj4 ,a ,c\ntry ,*apel #if ,,design ,,no4 #ba4 ,an ,old ,h\se ,remodel$ #ii ,,design ,,no4 #bb4 ,coa* ,h\se & ,/able #ajd ,,design ,,no4 #bc4 ,f5ces #ajf ,,design ,,no4 #bd4 ,plans ( ! ,resid5ce ( ,c4 ,f4 ,p>k1 ,esq4 #ajh ,,design ,,no4 #be4 ,c>riage ,h\se & ,/able #aaa ,,design ,,no4 #bf4 ,resid5ce ( ,t4 ,h4 ,/\t1 ,esq4 #aac ,,design ,,no4 #bg4 ,a ,*apt] on ,gates #aai ,,design ,,no4 #bh4 ,mr4 ,tri/ram ,all5's ,h\se at ,rav5swood1 ,enl>g$ #aca ,,design ,,no4 #bi4 ,plans ( ! ,resid5ce ( ,l4 ,m4 ,f]ris1 ,esq4 #acd ,,design ,,no4 #cj4 ,a ,model ,suburban ,cottage #aci ,,design ,,no4 #ca4 ,head ,/one #adi ,,balloon ,,frames4 ,balloon ,frames #aea ,,woodw>d',s ,,c\ntry ,,homes4 ,,9 pres5t+ to ! public a new "w on ,,dome/ic ,,ar*itecture1 x is our aim to furni% practical designs & plans1 adapt$ to ! requirem5ts ( su* z are ab\t to build1 or remodel & improve1 _! ,,c\ntry ,,homes4 ,! rapid progress 9 rural improvem5t & dome/ic embelli%m5t all ov] ! l&1 dur+ ! la/ qu>t] ( a c5tury1 is evid5t to ! obs]vation ( e travel]1 &1 z we h f\nd dur+ sev]al ye>s ( pr(essional exp]i5ce1 !re has gr[n up a dem& = ar*itectural designs ( v>i\s grades1 f ! simple f>m cottage to ! m elaborate & co/ly villa1 :i* is n suppli$ by ! sev]al excell5t works on ?is subject :i* are )9 ! rea* ( ! build+ & read+ public4 ,among ! p]man5t dwell]s 9 ! c\ntry ?is _s ( improvem5t1 fo/]$ z x is by ! diffusion ( publications 9 ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( ,rural ,art1 & by a wid] & m g5ial g5]al culture z ! means ( int]communication & education are increas$1 is becom+ m manife/ e ye>4 ,b besides ^! intellig5t f>m]s & tradesm5 :o make ! c\ntry _! home ! ye> r\nd1 !re is a l>ge class ( p]sons ^: ta/es or bus9ess avocations compel !m to reside a consid]able portion ( ! ye> 9 our cities or suburbs--prosp]\s m]*ants1 bank]s1 pr(essional m51 & weal?y citiz5s--:o h ! ta/es & means to comm& su* enjoym5ts & luxuries z ! c\ntry af=ds2 :o ne$ ! *ange 9 sc5es1 associations1 employm5ts & objects ( int]e/1 = !mselves & _! h\seholds1 & :o enjoy1 ) a ke5 reli%1 ! seclusion1 ! comp>ative fre$om f re/ra9t1 ! pure1 sweet air1 ! broad1 op5 sun%9e1 & ! num]\s o!r rural advantages :i* are ess5tially d5i$ !m 9 _! city homes4 ,9 =m] ye>s ?is class ( p resort$1 almo/ exclusively1 to ! sea-side1 & a few popul> m9]al spr+s1 tak+ 91 p]haps1 ,niag>a 9 _! transit1 & r>ely v5tur+ into ! wild & unexplor$ regions ( ,lake ,george4 ,!y return$ to t[n 9 ! e>ly days ( ,septemb]1 ) _m a backw>d1 long+ look at ! attractions & delights f :i* !y reluctantly tore !mselves away1 & settl$ d[n aga9 to ! we>y tread-mill ( bus9ess4 ,b = "s ye>s pa/ ?is class has l>gely increas$ 9 numb]1 & in/ead ( conf9+ !mselves to _! =m] resorts1 !y n[ seek ! upp] c\ntry1 & prolong _! /ay into ! glori\s days ( ,autumn4 ,_m ( !m h provid$ p]man5t summ] homes1 among ! hills & on ! lake or riv] %ores4 ,!y h b\ght1 & built1 & plant$1 until !y h id5tifi$ !mselves ) ! *os5 spot1 & z _! trees h tak5 root 9 ! f]tile soil1 s h _! affections tak5 root 9 ! beautiful c\ntry4 ,!y ha/5 gladly to ^! rural sc5es ) ! op5+ ,summ]1 & !y leave !m ) regret :5 ! exig5cies ( bus9ess require _! pres5ce 9 ! city1--:5 ! ,summ] suns h rip5$ ! lusci\s fruits1 & ! fl[]s fade ) ! fro/y kisses ( ! cold1 & ! pass5g] birds fly ,s\?w>d4 ,?is class ( our population "k :]e to f9d all ! facilities = ! be/ c\ntry enjoym5ts1 & _! ample means assure !m a free *oice ( summ] resorts1 & adequate comm& ( all ! appliances ( pleasant c\ntry liv+4 ,b !re is ano!r & /ill l>g] class ( citiz5s :o h nei!r ! means to enable !m to keep up bo? t[n & c\ntry resid5ces1 nor su* comm& ( _! "t t !y c pass two or ?ree mon?s ( e summ] away f _! bus9ess4 ,!re are ?\s&s ( cl]ks & subord9ate (fic]s 9 ! bank+ & insurance in/itutions 9 our cities & 9 our l>ge comm]cial h\ses2 !re are _m m]*ants :o are mak+ _! way sl[ly & surely to compet5ce & weal?1 :o w\ld gladly compromise = "o-?ird ( su* a summ] vacation4 ,^! are m5 ( intellig5ce1 & sometimes ( a good deal ( social & intellectual culture & ref9em5t4 ,_m ( !m 7 born1 & _! boyhood nurtur$ among/ ! hills4 ,!y love ! c\ntry ) ! int5sity & purity ( a fir/ love1 & !y long = communion once m ) nature 9 all h] moods ( lovel9ess4 ,_! sweete/ dreams /ill1 :5 !y =get ! h>d realities ( life1 are ( gre5 lawns & slop+ hill-sides1 ( wav+ trees & cool /reams4 ,& !y w\ld wi% t _! *ildr5 %\ld become famili> ) ! same :olesome associations1 & be mov$ by ! same atta*m5ts & inspirations4 ,9 ! city !y are con/antly expos$ to its excitem5ts1 & subject$ to ! re/ra9ts ( its artificial modes1 ) few outw>d influ5ces to c\nt]act ^u _! developm5t2 ) v little1 inde$1 except ! discipl9e & ! affections ( home to emancipate !m f ! t5d5cies to a trivial1 artificial1 & sordid life4 ,!y w\ld gladly supply to !m ! heal?ful tone & vigor--! out] & inn] bloom & fre%ness--:i* are ! product ( out-door life 9 ! pure air ( ! c\ntry4 ,b !y are compell$ by consid]ations ( economy1 to =ego mo/ ( ^! advantages1 & all[ _! *ildr5 to gr[ up ) city ta/es & habits4 ,!y long = ! c\ntry b ?9k !y mu/ cont5t !mselves ) ! t[n1 until ! "t comes :5 _! =tunes w enable !m to comm& ! covet$ indulg5ces4 ,! "t may come1 soon] ?an !y anticipate1 :5 !y w be oblig$ to *oose ! c\ntry4 ,our t[ns are rapidly ov]fl[+ _! local b\nd>ies1 & spread+ out into suburbs1 m or less beautiful & desirable4 ,z f> z ,new ,york city is conc]n$1 x is simply a "q ( "t h[ soon our middle-class citiz5s1 :o desire to live com=tably1 ) due reg>d to economical conditions1 w be oblig$ to *oose ! c\ntry = _! homes4 ,dur+ ! la/ =ty ye>s ?is city has increas$ 9 population ) a rapid & uni=m rate4 ,)9 ! memory ( p]sons n[ liv+1 x has gr[n f an inconsid]able comm]cial t[n1 until x has become "o ( ! great cities ( ! _w4 ,?is rapid /ride & /eady progress furni% u ) ! elem5ts = calculat+ ! p]iod :5 ! :ole isl& w be cov]$ ) build+s1 & !re w rema9 no m vacant space = ! use ( its comm]ce1 or ! dome/ic accommodation ( its citiz5s4 ,! pres5t population ( ! city is e/imat$ at fully "o million4 ,! entire t]ritorial capacity ( ! city1 ! d5sity ( ! population rema9+ ! same z x is at pres5t1 _c mu* exce$ two millions4 ,! ratio ( increase dur+ ea* p]iod ( five ye>s1 s9ce #ahbj1 is ab\t tw5ty-eight p] c5t4 ,x w ?us be se5 t ! utmo/ limit ( ! city's capacity w be rea*$ )9 ! next sixte5 or sev5te5 ye>s1 & ,new ,york w be a solid & compact city f ! ,batt]y to ,we/*e/] ,c\nty4 ,mean:ile1 ! exp5ses ( liv+ 9 ! city are increas+ e ye>4 ,r5ts are high] n[ ?an ev] be=e1 & !re is no prospect ( _! com+ d[n = _m ye>s4 ,= x mu/ be rememb]$ t :5 we r5ew our build+ op]ations1 :i* h be5 ne>ly susp5d$ = ! la/ f\r ye>s1 9 consequ5ce ( ! unsettl$ condition ( ! c\ntry1 we %all h to provide n only = ! curr5t increase 9 population1 b = ! defici5cies :i* result f ! pa/ f\r ye>s or m1 :5 comp>atively few h\ses 7 erect$4 ,at ! pres5t "t ! r5t ( a conv5i5t & respectable h\se1 suitable to ! requirem5ts ( a family hav+ a fair income1 & occupy+ a desirable position 9 society1 is an excessive item ( co/4 ,& ! rem$y = ?is is to g into ! c\ntry4 ,along ! l9es ( our railroads & navigable wat]s !re are localities :]e l& is comp>atively *eap1--beautiful1 heal?y regions1 :]e ! com=ts ( a rural home may be secur$1 ) all ! advantages ( society1 & ( religi\s & educational e/abli%m5ts & in/itutions4 ,! facilities = rea*+ ^! c\ntry homes are already adequate = g5]al purposes1 & w be increas$ e ye>1 z ! dem& = !m gr[s4 ,railroads & /eamboats are built & run = ! purpose ( pr(it on freight & pass5g] transportation4 ,accord+ to ! g5]al law ( trade1 ! supply w equal ! dem&1 & z ! population increases along our l9es ( travel1 ! facilities & accommodations = transit w be multipli$4 ,:y1 !n1 %\ld ! man :o loves ! c\ntry1 & possesses ta/es & capacities = its enjoym5t1 & yet is compell$ by circum/ances to practice economy 9 8 mode ( liv+1 be re/ra9$ to ! city limits8 ,x is q a practicable ?+ = him to realize 8 wi%es1--live 9 ! c\ntry & enjoy its be/ luxuries1 )\t ab&on+ ! city z f> z its comm]cial advantages are conc]n$4 ,!re are localities )9 an h\r ( ! city hall1 :]e l& c be pur*as$ at reasonable rates1 & :]e all ! advantages ( heal? & beauty1 ( retirem5t1 pure air & attractive sc5]y c be enjoy$ = less money ?an is n[ exp5d$ 9 ! n>r[ h\se 9 ! cr[d$ /reet1 :]e e s5se is (f5d$--) no op5 sky or di/ant horizon t+$ ) ! glories ( ! dy+ day or ris+ morn--no grassy lawns1 or wav+ trees1 or fragrant banks ( fl[]s4 ,= su* accommodations z he has1 he pays1 we w say1 a r5t ( "o ?\s& or twelve hundr$ doll>s4 ,9 ! c\ntry he might pur*ase two acres ( l& & build a cottage1 :i* w\ld af=d him all1 or m1 conv5i5ces ?an he n[ has1 )\t ! necessity ( climb+ f\r or five flights ( /airs--at an outlay1 at ! usual co/ ( build+1 n exce$+ six ?\s& doll>s4 ,! int]e/ on ?is sum w\ld be f\r hundr$ & tw5ty doll>s4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ?is am\nt & 8 pres5t h\se r5t w\ld 9 a few ye>s pay ! :ole co/ ( ! place1 & he w\ld h a home--a c5tre & ga!r+ place = 8 dome/ic int]e/s & affections4 ,& ?is is no fancy sket*--no exagg]at$ /atem5t ( possibilities4 ,we "k ( localities :i* c be rea*$ f ,wall ,/reet 9 z _m m9utes z w\ld be requir$ to g to #ej? ,/reet1 :]e l& c be obta9$ = ab\t five hundr$ doll>s an acre1 :]e !re are all ! conditions ( heal?1 good wat]1 pure air1 ext5sive & attractive views1 & :atev] else is desirable = a c\ntry home4 ,9 ! direction we h n[ specially 9 m9d1 !re are at lea/ tw5ty railroad tra9s :i* daily /op at conv5i5t /ations1 betwe5 ! e>ly morn+ & t5 o'clock at night4 ,= ! ord9>y purposes ( bus9ess1 & social int]c\rse1 ?is is ample travell+ accommodation1 & z we said be=e1 ^! accommodations w be increas$ 9 ! proportion t ! c\ntry population 9 ! neighborhood ( our cities becomes m d5se1 & ?us creates a l>g] dem& = su* facilities4 ,! necessity & desirabl5ess ( c\ntry homes be+ ?us easily demon/rable1 x is ( importance to "k h[ to *oose sites = !m1 & h[ to build4 ,! ,poet-au?or ( ,lett]s f "u a bridge1 has giv5 a wise & admirable sugge/ion 9 reg>d to *oice ( sites1 leav+ ! climate & productiv5ess ( soil out ( ! "q1 ! ma9 ?+s to f9d unit$1 are1 %ade1 wat]1 & inequality ( surface4 ,) ^! ?ree features giv5 by nature1 any spot may be made beautiful1 & at v little co/3 & =tunately = pur*as]s 9 ?is c\ntry1 mo/ l& is valu$ & sold ) little or no ref]5ce to ^! or o!r capabilities = embelli%m5t4 ,!re is an afflu5ce ( *oice sites all ov] ! c\ntry1 & :at we ne$ mo/ to le>n is h[ to develop _! capabilities1 & add su* fitt+ embelli%m5ts z belong to beautiful & conv5i5t h\ses4 ,"h x is t ! popul> ta/e requires additional cultivation4 ,! impulse already giv5 9 ?is direction %\ld be kept up4 ,!re is no defici5cy ( weal? = ! appropriation & culture ( ^! attractive places1 & !re is (t5 a lavi% exp5diture ^u c\ntry homes :i* ought to make !m complete & ev5 magnific5t4 ,b un=tunately we see1 e ye>1 co/ly e/abli%m5ts1 design$ = summ] resid5ces1 or = p]man5t homes1 built up ) z little reg>d = ta/e1 z = exp5se4 ,! defici5cy is f\nd r 9 ! culture ?an 9 ! dispositions & means ( our p4 ,& ! rem$y & supply = ?is mu/ be provid$ by ! dissem9ation ( works treat+ ^u ?is & k9dr$ topics ( rural art1 by means ( :i* ! public ta/e may be ref9$ & elevat$ to a high] /&>d4 ,9 con/ruct+ c\ntry h\ses !re are sev]al prime conditions to be obs]v$1 su* z adaptation1 accommodation1 & expression4 ,by adaptation is meant n only ! arrangem5t ( ! ma9 /ructure1 z to =m & mat]ial1 to suit ! locality & "* ( ! gr\nds1 b a fitness z respects ! real wants--! habits & condition--( ! occupants & ! purposes ( a c\ntry home4 ,nobody wants a mod]n city h\se plant$ d[n 9 ! op5 c\ntry1 nor %\ld any s5sible man seek a refuge f ! b>e /reets ( ! city 9 ! little less b>e /reets ( a c\ntry village4 ,!re is no congruity betwe5 ! classical =ms ( ,grecian ,ar*itecture & ! v>y+ climate ( our l&4 ,! mat]ial us$ 9 ! con/ruction ( our c\ntry h\ses has n be5 suffici5tly consid]$ by u4 ,timb] is abundant 9 almo/ all p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 & ! facility ) :i* an e/abli%m5t--mansion-h\se1 (fice1 & outbuild+s--c be built up 9 a few weeks1 ( ?is mat]ial1 has be5 ! ma9 reason1 we suppose1 :y we h s _m abortions1 9 ! %ape ( ,grecian temples1 & m9iature ,go?ic ca!drals & ca/les1 scatt]$ ov] ! l&4 ,let x be consid]$1 t 9 build+ our c\ntry h\ses1 we are n simply provid+ = ourselves1 b = our *ildr5--we are con/ruct+ a home/ead4 ,x is = ! want ( ?is consid]ation t we h s few homes 9 our c\ntry1 s few home associations1 ar\nd & among :i* our deepe/ & pure/ affections are entw9$4 ,our ?9 la? & pla/] con/ructions1 :i* rattle & tremble 9 e w9d & leak 9 e ra91 d n af=d v good or p]man5t c5t]s = ^! associations & affections4 ,we h "s native woods t are durable1 out ( :i* we may build h\ses t w la/ = sev]al g5]ations2 b ) ^!1 ev51 ! co/ ( frequ5t repairs & pa9t+ is s great1 to say no?+ ( ! annoyances !reby entail$1 t1 9 po9t ( economy1 wood is by no means ! mo/ desirable mat]ial4 ,nor is x1 9 any way1 ! mo/ desirable4 ,! prevail+ ta/e 9 c\ntry dwell+s1 be=e ,mr4 ,d[n+'s "t1 0 defective en\gh4 ,a l>ge1 squ>e1 wood5 h\se1 pa9t$ int5sely :ite1 g>ni%$ ) bright gre5 ,v5etian bl9ds--/&+ 9 a contract$ y>d--inclos$ ) a r$ or :ite wood5 f5ce1 0 ! v beau ideal ( a g5tleman's c\ntry dwell+4 ,we are ?ankful t ?is disp5sation has pass$ away2 & we rev]e ! memory ( ,d[n+1 & ( o!rs l him1 :o 7 in/rum5tal 9 br++ 9 a bett] ta/e 9 su* matt]s4 ,! fir/ co/ ( a /one or brick dwell+ some:at exce$s t ( wood1 ev5 9 places :]e ^! mat]ials are readily obta9$4 ,b if !y are prop]ly con/ruct$1 su* build+s w ne$ v few repairs = _m ye>s4 ,x is (t5 object$1 on ! o!r h&1 t su* build+s are damp & un:olesome4 ,?is is1 und\bt$ly1 true ( _m ( ! old /one h\ses :i* we f9d scatt]$ ab\t ! c\ntry4 ,& x is true1 because !y 7 n prop]ly built4 ,:5 prop]ly built1 !y pres]ve ! mo/ equal temp]ature at all seasons4 ,!y are w>m 9 w9t] & cool 9 summ]1 & ! sudd5 *anges :i* affect ! wea!r )\t1 ne$ sc>cely be felt by ! delicate invalid )9 ! walls ( ! /one mansion1 if suitable att5tion is giv5 to ! simple matt] ( v5tilation4 ,b let u return to ! subject ( adaptation4 ,! illu/rations :i* occur to u may s]ve to furni% a some:at cle> idea ( :at we mean by ! prime conditions necess>y to be obs]v$ 9 build+4 ,by ! t]m adaptation1 we mean su* *oice ( /yle1 mat]ial1 size & arrangem5t z %all fit ! /ructure3 #a/1 to ! site2 #b;d1 to ! climate2 & #c;d1 to ! uses = :i* x is built4 ,&1 fir/1 z to ! site3 ,x w\ld be obvi\sly incongru\s to erect ! same h\se on ^! two diff]5t sites1 ) _! diff]5t *>act]i/ic features & surr\nd+s2 = example1 ! "o a ne>ly level plane g5tly ris+1 p]haps1 z y approa* f ! road ! position :]e ! h\se %all /&1 & slop+ away aga9 t[>ds o!r broad gre5 fields & ! f]tile mead[s beyond--) no backgr\nd ( hills or m\nta9s1 no irregul>ly =m$ lake1 b ) a placid1 lazy /ream1 half-sleep+1 half-glid+ by ! weep+ elms1 & among ! scatt]$ gr\ps ( /ately1 old trees3--! o!r1 a romantic hillside 9 ! native =e/1 ) its neighbor+ m\nta9 range1 :]e 9 ! bright summ]-"t1 ! noisy1 laugh+ brook keeps "t to y\r ?\ghts & fancies z y w&] among ! hills1 & 9 ! bleak w9t] ! w9ds sigh m\rnfully ?r\gh ! p9es or utt] _! cl>ion calls to ! _s ( ! /orm4 ,! "o situation w\ld be appropriate to ! ,italian villa1 ) its flat ro(1 & ov]hang+ cornices1 its spaci\s v]&ahs & balconies1 all hav+ t dep? & boldness & v>iety ( outl9e necess>y to secure ! prop] effects ( light & %ad[ :i*1 ! abs5ce ( all v>iety ( =m 9 ! l&scape1 w\ld r5d] indisp5sable4 ,b no man ) an arti/'s eye w\ld ?9k1 = a mom5t1 ( build+ su* a h\se z ?is on our wood$ hillside4 ,he w\ld con/ruct !re 8 ,engli% cottage 9 good solid /one1 ^: /eep ro(s w\ld %$ ) facility ! summ] ra9 & ! w9t] sn[1 ^: irregul>ities ( =m & outl9e w\ld h>monize ) nature's ,go?ic "w 9 precipice & rock1 9 trees & climb+ v9es4 ,or else1 he w\ld place !re 8 ,swiss *alet1 :i* w\ld be 9 h>mony ) ! sc5e1 & a pleas+ object to ! eye ( ! obs]v]4 ,on ! broad1 op5 plane ! villa %\ld be made1 or seem1 to cov] a consid]able space1 :ile ! nice cottage might be built m compactly4 ,b "h let u rem>k1 t _m ( our attempts at ! ,engli% cottage1 g5]ally kn[n z ! ,go?ic1 h be5 failures1 & "s ( !m sad abortions4 ,?is comes f defective models & plans1 & ^! defects arise ma9ly f ^! s\rces--! lack ( boldness & v>iety 9 ! ma9 outl9es1 & 9 ! con/ruction ( ! ro(s & *imneys4 ,su* a cottage1 to be pleas+ & satisfactory1 mu/ h irregul>ities 9 =m1 v>iety 9 ornam5t1 & boldness 9 treatm5t4 ,a squ>e h\se ) additions ( gables1 & dorm]s & p9nacles1 & ridge cre/s1 w n give u an ,engli% cottage4 ,x is a "w ( art1 l a poem or a picture1 & n a me*anical aggregation ( ,go?ic features & ornam5ts4 ,we 7 ab\t to say t x %\ld nev] be attempt$ 9 any o!r mat]ial ?an /one1 b z _m ( u _c comm& ! means = su* p]man5t build+s1 we w conc$e t x may be all[able = u to put our wood5 build+s into ! cottage =m1 us+ ! be/ ta/e & ! mo/ beautiful & picturesque /yles1 ev5 if ! mat]ial is objectionable4 ,"o o!r obs]vation1 be=e we return to our ma9 topic1 may be indulg$4 ,x is simply ! sugge/ion t too little att5tion has be5 paid to ! sky-outl9es ( our c\ntry h\ses4 ,ro(s & *imney-tops h be5 treat$ z necess>y evils1 in/ead ( be+ made1 z !y may be1 highly ornam5tal4 ,! unity ( ! plan1 z a "w ( art1 is lo/ z y asc5d above ! eaves1 all ! re/ seem+ l excresc5ces gr[+ out ( /ructures o!rwise comm5dable & satisfactory4 ,! sup]ior horizontal l9es ( ! ro( w dep5d some:at ^u ! backgr\nd ( ! h\se4 ,:5 a build+ is plac$ ^u ! cre/ ( a hill1 or ^u a slope desc5d+ f ! ma9 po9t ( view1 s t its outl9es are se5 aga9/ ! sky1 ! treatm5t ( ! plan w be obvi\sly diff]5t f t requir$ :]e ! backgr\nd is solid1 z a hill or a =e/4 ,9 any case1 h[ev]1 ! horizontal l9es %\ld be brok51 z f> z practicable1 by mak+ ! ro(s ( ! sev]al p>ts ( ! h\se ( unequal height4 ,x w be app>5t1 )\t special argum5t1 t our *oice ( /yle 9 our c\ntry h\ses %\ld be controll$ ess5tially by ! climate4 ,9 our nor!rn climate1 ! flat ro( is objectionable1 & we are oblig$ to modify ! ,italian /yles some:at 9 ?is respect1 to obviate inconv5i5ces4 ,! hot summ] sun1 :51 z on an ,augu/ day1 9 ! city1 ,! pavem5ts all are pip+ hot1 ,! sky above is braz51 ,& e head z good z dead ,! sun c %$ 8 rays on1 w be m ?an likely to op5 ! jo9ts & seams ( ! flat ro(1 & ! sudd5 %[] com+ d[n ) ! =ce ( a tropical /orm1 w f9d its way ?r\gh1 sadly to ! detrim5t ( our ceil+s1 our /uccoes & frescoes1 z well z to ! com=t & ! comm5dable equability ( temp] ( ^? :o suff] ! invasion4 ,! heavy w9t] sn[s1 too1 require a /eep ro(1 f :i* !y w readily dislodge !mselves )\t injury4 ,& s 9 ! int]ior arrangem5ts ( ! h\se1 ! provisions = heat+ & v5tilation1 = summ] fre$om & w9t] coz9ess1 = dome/ic com=t & ! ex]cise ( ! comm5dable grace ( c\ntry hospitality1 due reg>d mu/ be _h to ! conditions ( climate4 ,!re mu/ be a prop] adaptation to !m1 if we w\ld secure satisfactory c\ntry homes4 ,& ?is br+s u to our la/ topic1 ! uses = :i* our c\ntry seats are built4 ,! place design$ simply = a summ] resid5ce = ! citiz51 :o is oblig$ to be at 8 (fice or c\nt+ room daily1 bat+ ! few weeks ( summ] vacation1 ne$ n be s complete 9 its appo9tm5ts & arrangem5ts1 z ! p]man5t c\ntry resid5ce4 ,"o ess5tial condition1 h[ev]1 9 ?is case is1 t !re %all be room en\gh1 ) ample v]&ahs1 & %ad$ gravel walks1 :i* w af=d opportunities = op5 air ex]cise 9 all /ates ( ! wea!r4 ,!re is no?+1 p]haps1 t int]f]es s ess5tially ) ! citiz5's enjoym5t ( ! c\ntry1 z ! want ( facilities = out door ex]cise4 ,x is too hot or too du/y to ride or walk1 be=e ! %[]1 & aft] its refre%m5t has come1 x is too wet & muddy4 ,spaci\s v]&ahs1 %ad$ ) v9es1 & well-made walks1 always firm & dry1 bord]$ ) %rubb]y1 or ov]hung ) trees1 w give u ample scope & v]ge en\gh4 ,b ! uses ( c\ntry seats dep5d ma9ly ^u ! ta/es & habitudes ( ! occupants2 & _! adaptation 9 /yle size & arrangem5t %\ld be accord+ly4 ,we believe !re is no law aga9/ a man's build+ an elegant libr>y & picture gall]y1 ?\gh he may h no ta/e = lit]ature or art1 b hav+ pl5ty ( money1 *ooses to make ?is display ( x4 ,!re are a great _m absurdities to :i* poor1 frail humanity is liable1 aga9/ :i* ! legislature1 9 its wisdom1 has n ?\ght x wor? :ile to make solemn & positive enactm5ts2 x is bett] = ! g5]al moral condition ( society1 p]haps1 t ! vulg> ri* man's ambition = display %\ld manife/ itself 9 books & pictures1 r ?an 9 fa/ horses4 ,might n ! cultivation ( ! g>d5--vegetables1 fruits & fl[]s1--take ! place ( bo?1 z simple means ( display8 ,^! are :olesome & agreeable employm5ts ev5 = ^? :o h pass$ t "t ( life :5 a ta/e = books & art may be acquir$4 ,a c\ntry seat %\ld comb9e & express ! real uses :i* are requir$ by ! intellectual & social condition ( its occupants1 & n attract att5tion z blazon+ ! weal? & money importance ( ! own]4 ,if he is ri*1 let him make x z complete & simply elegant z he w1 & ?is he may d )\t proclaim+ to e pass]-by 8 mis]able pride ( weal?4 ,) ^! prelim9>y obs]vations1 we submit our "w to ! judgm5t ( ^? :o are int]e/$ 9 ^! subjects4 ,we h n includ$ 9 our pres5t volume any consid]able numb] ( designs = ! m spaci\s & co/ly ,villa1 ! "w be+ design$ = popul> use & to meet a dem& :i* is unprovid$ = by previ\s publications4 ,,design ,no4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4--;,front ,elevation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4--;,end ,elevation4 ,?is design z %[n 9 figures #a & #b1 is = a labor]'s cottage int5d$ to be erect$ on ! gr\nds connect$ ) a f9e e/ate on ! we/]n slope ( ! ,palisades 9 ,new ,j]sey4 ,x is to be built ( r\gh /one1 pla9ly f9i%$4 ,x is #af by #bd feet outside1 hav+ a liv+-room ) b$ room on ! fir/ floor1 7,fig4 #c17 a l>ge pantry1 /airway1 etc41 & a f9e cell> bel[4 ,! second floor 7,fig4 #d17 has two b$-rooms1 well light$ & v5tilat$1 & l>ge closets to ea*4 ,?is size w admit ( sev]al diff]5t arrangem5ts2 ! re> door might op5 out f ! pantry1 & af=d m conv5i5t access to ! cell> /airs1 to get 9 heavy articles1 & %ut out "s cold 9 w9t]1 b w\ld int]f]e ) ! f9e v5tilation s necess>y 9 summ] to a g5]ally heat$ ap>tm5t1 z a kit*51 d9+1 & liv+-room comb9$4 ,a por* might be plac$ ov] ! re> door1 or bett] /ill1 at a small additional exp5se1 a summ]-kit*5 & wood-h\se might be add$4 ,a h\se ( ?is accommodation is usually ! fir/ "o put up by settl]s on ! we/]n prairies4 ,!y are built ( wood1 balloon frame1 ) a pla9 pit* ro(1 )\t ornam5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4--,second ,floor4 ,! elevations z %[n1 give a great] v>iety ?an is usual 9 ?is class ( build+1 & a h\se ?us con/ruct$ may aft]w>ds become a v pretty portion ( a l>g] & m exp5sive /ructure4 ,,design ,no4 #b4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4--;,front ,elevation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f4--,side ,elevation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #g4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,! second design 7,fig4 #e17 is = a frame build+ giv+ m v>iety ( outl9e4 ,! plan 7,fig4 #g17 sep>ates ! sitt+ room f ! kit*5 & d9+ room1 & insures m privacy4 ,!re is also a great] abundance ( closets1 ?\gh small]4 ,"o ( ! b$ rooms above might be divid$ into two1 & ?us increase ! accommodation4 ,a portion ( ! cell> may also be f9i%$ = a kit*51 & ! liv+ room us$ z a d9+ room4 ,?is plan admits ( future additions be+ made )\t de/roy+ ! h>mony or proportion ( ! build+4 ,to "o ( mod]ate means1 su* a mode ( build+ pres5ts "s attractions1 z x af=ds a h\se = imm$iate wants1 to :i* additions may be made z "o's means increase4 ,su* h\ses1 if ta/efully furni%$ & embelli%$ ) suitable surr\nd+s1 z neat & well-kept gr\nds1 f9e trees1 %rubb]y1 fl[]s1 & climb+ v9es1 w always attract m att5tion & admiration ?an ! un9vit+ aspect ( _m m exp5sive /ructures4 ,money ta/efully exp5d$ 9 ?is mann] w always yield gratify+ results4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #h4--,second ,floor4 ,,design ,no4 #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #i4--;,front ,elevation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aj4--,side ,elevation4 ,?is design is simil>1 9 "s respects1 to design ,no4 #b1 & gives1 p]haps1 ! mo/ compact arrangem5t ( rooms = a build+ hav+ s irregul> an outl9e4 ,ext]iorly consid]$1 !re is mu* to be admir$ 9 v>iety1 & light & %ad[1 ! diff]5t elevations be+ entirely unlike ea* o!r1 & af=d+ a con/ant *ange f e po9t ( view2 an object1 we ?9k1 v mu* to be desir$ 9 cottage ar*itecture1 & :5 well manag$ nev] fails to make a pleas+ impression4 ,a high1 bold appe>ance1 )\t ! ov]hang+ eaves or dep? ( %ad[1 is n suitable = a c\ntry h\se2 a feel+ is creat$ t some?+ is want+ to make up ! accessories ( an agreeable habitation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aa4--;,basem5t ,plan4 ,9 ?is plan1 7,fig4 #aa17 ! kit*5 is 9 ! basem5t1 conv5i5t to ! cell>1 & ) a good pantry atta*$ to x4 ,x is put !re = ! purpose ( economiz+ 9 ! con/ruction4 ,our own pref]5ce is to put ! kit*5 9 a well v5tilat$ w+ on a level ) ! ma9 floor1 & ?us avoid1 z mu* z possible1 ! necessity ( runn+ up & d[n /airs4 ,?is c be done at any future "t :5 desir$1 z1 inde$1 c any addition ( o!r rooms be made to meet ! wants ( an increas+ family4 ,a dumb wait] connects ! kit*5 ) ! d9+ room1 & ?us saves _m /eps4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ab4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,! fir/ floor 7,fig4 #ab17 gives p>lor1 d9+ room1 & a libr>y1 ) a roomy ve/ibule1 & a side door or private entrance1 & supplies all ! wants ( a small family4 ,! libr>y might be us$ = a b$ room4 ,on ! second floor 7,fig4 #ac17 are #c b$ rooms ) closets4 ,! engrav+s are int5d$ to tell _! own /ory z f> z possible1 & b little explanation is necess>y to make !m fully compreh5sible4 ,9 ! matt] ( co/1 "o c h>dly give a price t is reliable2 ! enorm\s advance 9 "s build+ mat]ials & slight advance 9 o!rs1 dis>range all old /&>ds ( e/imat+4 ,localities1 ( c\rse1 h mu* to d ) ! co/2 yet1 above all o!rs1 ! bus9ess managem5t mu/ be consid]$4 ,a good manag]1 ?or\ghly famili> ) ! qualities & values ( mat]ials1 :o kn[s h[ to direct labor to ! be/ advantage1 w execute "w at a less co/ ?an "o :o und]takes 8 own build+ )\t a previ\s tra9+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ac4--,second ,floor4 ,,design ,no4 #d4 ,?is is a p]spective view ( a cottage1 design$ to af=d a reasonable am\nt ( accommodation = an av]age siz$ family1 & :i*1 if ta/efully furni%$1 & fitt$ ) suitable l&scape surr\nd+s1 w convey a pleas+ impression to all2 mu* m s ?an dwell+s ( a m exp5sive class1 :]e suffici5t att5tion is n giv5 to su* accessories4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ad4--,p]spective4 ,! plans ( ?is h\se are compact1 ! rooms op5+ into ea* o!r 9 su* a mann] z to af=d easy communication & economy 9 heat+4 ,! por* is spaci\s1 & m pleasant ?an ! long1 n>r[ v]&ah4 ,! supply ( wat] = all purposes is f a filt]+ ci/]n1 :i* is connect$ ) ! kit*5 s9k1 by a pump4 ,! entire h\se may be heat$ by a furnace1 hot wat]1 or /eam1 z is mo/ pref]able2 or /oves may be us$ 9 ne>ly all ! rooms1 if fir/ co/ is to be closely consid]$4 ,a passage und]nea? ! /aircase connects ) ! side door f ! ve/ibule1 &1 ) ! exception ( ! libr>y1 all p>ts ( ! h\se are accessible )\t pass+ ?r\gh o!r rooms4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ae4--;,basem5t ,floor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #af4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ag4--,second ,floor4 ,9 ! vic9ity ( l>ge cities1 & m p>ticul>ly ! city ( ,new ,york1 !re are reasons :i* h a money value to !m1 :y m att5tion %\ld be giv5 to suburban ar*itecture1 & :y capitali/s1 z well z individuals1 %\ld und]take ! con/ruction ( mod]ate-pric$ build+s1 t %all comm& att5tion f ! h>moni\s comb9ation ( f9e ar*itectural effects4 ,x requires b a v limit$ exp]i5ce to become aw>e ( ! fact1 t dwell+s ( precisely ! same co/1 & simil>ly situat$1 w diff] 9 _! r5tal at lea/ "o half1 & x is ma9ly ow+ to ! reason t "o is prop]ly design$1 & ! o!r p]haps an amateur p]=mance1 model$ aft] ! ill-proportion$ ,greek p$im5t /yle1 too preval5t to be c\nt5anc$ = a mom5t by any "o :o prides himself on 8 good ta/e4 ,!re c be no "q t a fitly design$ cottage1 conv5i5tly arrang$1 adds1 indep5d5tly ( its own co/1 a l>ge p] c5tage to ! value ( ! acres :i* surr\nd x1 & is ! po9t :i* arre/s ! eye & secures ! pur*as]4 ,rapid rail-road facilities1 l[] r5ts1 m heal?ful localities1 & ! fact t ! gr[? ( ?is city ,spuyt5 ,duyvelw>d has rea*$ a po9t beyond ! conv5i5t access ( ! /rictly bus9ess man1 necess>ily turn ! att5tion ( ^? :o look to ! full measure ( com=t1 to a suburban life1 t5 to fifte5 miles away f ! unceas+ noise & hurry ( ! city1 :]e ! bus9ess ( ! day is =gott51 & fre% air1 fre% milk1 butt] & eggs1 fruits1 fl[]s1 birds1 c41 are luxuries unkn[n 9 t[n4 ,tak+ a /rictly money view ( build+ op]ations1 = sale & r5t1 9 suburban localities1 & m p>ticul>ly ab\t ,new ,york1 x w\ld promise1 by e c\rse ( reason+1 a remun]ative return1 if ! plan 7 judici\sly & ta/efully c>ri$ out4 ,! wants ( ! public1 h[ev]1 are s unequal1 & _! op9ions s v>i$ by ! circum/ances "u :i* !y are =m$1 t1 unless an attractive beg9n+ c be %[n1 v desirable prop]ty may rema9 a long "t on ! m>ket4 ,if we canvass real e/ate ?or\ghly1 we %all f9d t prop]ty sells fir/1 & at ! be/ prices1 :i* has ev] s humble a cottage on x1 a />t+ po9t 9 :i* "o may tempor>ily reside1 & lay out 8 plans ( future op]ations2 = ! con/ruction ( a c\ntry place is ( all ?+s "o ) :i* to make ha/e sl[ly4 ,) ^? actively engag$ 9 bus9ess1 & to :om "t is e ?+1 !re is no disposition to add ! labor & annoyances ( build+2 ! dem& is = a home ready = occupancy2 ! ?\ght is ent]ta9$1 & ! wi% gratifi$1 simply because ! opportunity pres5t$ itself2 b x is f> less tr\ble = "y & middle-ag$ bus9ess m5 to /ick to ! city1 ?an to give ! "t = build+1 p>ticul>ly :5 !y und]take _! own ar*itecture4 ,let capitali/s invite !m by snug1 well-built1 conv5i5t1 & ta/eful cottages1 & ! dem& w always be 9 advance ( ! supply1 9 all heal?y localities1 hav+ rapid1 reliable1 & frequ5t communication ) ! city4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ah4--;,fir/ ,floor ,enl>g$4 ,,design ,no4 #e4 ,a ,,g>d5]',s ,,cottage4 ,! accompany+ design 0 made = ,william ,c4 ,bryant1 ,esq41 by ,fr$'k ,s4 ,copley1 ,esq41 ,arti/1 ,tompk9sville1 ,/at5 ,isl&1 & 0 erect$ on 8 beautiful e/ate at ,roslyn1 ,long ,isl&1 9 #ahfb4 ,x /&s on ! hill above 8 resid5ce1 ov]look+ ! bay f ! village to ! ,s\nd1 possess+ "o ( ! f9e/ views on ! ,isl&4 ,x 0 int5d$ z a g>d5]'s lodge1 & to accommodate "o or two families1 z circum/ances might require1 7"o on ea* floor17 giv+ ea* ?ree rooms1 & a jo9t "r to ! scull]y1 s9k1 & cell>4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ai4--,p]spective ,view4 ,arrangem5t4--,! fir/ /ory is #i feet 9 ! cle> ?r\gh\t1 ) e conv5i5ce suitable = ! heal? & com=t ( ! occupants4 ,f ! por*1 a small hall1 light$ f ! ro(1 is ent]$1 ) doors on ei!r h&1 to p>lor or liv+ room1 & /aircase passage 9 front1 communicat+ ) ! kit*5 at ! back1 *amb]s above1 & cell> b5ea?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bj4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,! *amb] floor1 second /ory1 is #i feet 9 ! cle> ?r\gh ! c5tre1 & #f feet at ! sides1 7f ! floor to ! plate17 ! ro( cutt+ (f ?ree feet ( ! ceil+ at ! sides at an angle ( #de degrees4 ,?is loss ( a few feet ( ! ceil+ is m ?an comp5sat$ by ! cottage-l effect x gives to ! rooms1 h>moniz+ ! inside ) ! ext]nal appe>ance4 ,! two pr9cipal *amb]s are provid$ ) fire-places & ample closet room4 ,! "o ov] ! p>lor has two closets1 built outside ! frame1 & a door into ! s+le room1 ov] ! por*1 =m+ a mo/ desirable family *amb]4 ,bo? ^! rooms h v5tilators 9 ! same *imney brea/1 & ! small "o may be w>m$ by a /ove lead+ !reto4 ,! o!r has a l>ge closet ov] ! /ore-room = trunks1 l951 c4 ,! attic room ov] ! kit*5 w+ is int5d$ = ! dome/ics4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ba4--;,*amb] ,floor4 ,by ref]5ce to ! plans1 x w be se5 t e room is ( good size & =m1 *e]fully light$1 ?or\ghly v5tilat$1 & ( easy access "o to ano!r1 at ! same "t t privacy1 s ess5tial1 is ma9ta9$ ?r\gh\t4 ,con/ruction4--,! build+ is con/ruct$ ( wood1 v]tically sid$1 & batt5$1 7) #a-a_/b in* tongu$ & groov$ p9e plank17 ) horizontal /rips 9 l9e ( ! w9d[ sills & floors1 to hide ! buts1 & small triangul> pieces 9 ! corn]s1 :i* gives ! pretty effect ( panel+4 ,! :ole is /a9$ by a mixture ( oil1 c41 t height5s ! gra9 ( ! wood1 & gives a brightness ( color1 & t *e]fulness ( effect1 s desirable 9 rural dwell+s4 ,! ro( is ( slate1 9 b&s ( purple & gre51 & ! *imneys are surm\nt$ by t]ra-cotta pots4 ,! :ole is fill$ 9 ) brick4 ,?is cottage is built 9 a sub/antial & pla9 mann]1 ) cell> "u kit*51 cem5t$ on ! gravel ! same z ! ci/]n1 & all ! int]ior wood "w is oil$ & /a9$4 ,z a specim5 ( cottage ar*itecture1 7on ! smalle/ scale1 lodge class17 x w rank z "o ( ! be/4 ,= simplicity1 v>iety ( =m1 symmetry ( proportion1 ) conv5i5ce ( arrangem5t & economy ( space & con/ruction1 x =ms a model cottage1 t any "o might live 9 & _m covet1 besides be+ an addition to ! l&scape & an ornam5t to ! gr\nds4 ,,design ,no4 #f4 ,,/one ,,/able ,,& ,,coa* ,,h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bb4--,p]spective4 ,?is design 0 erect$ on ! ,hudson1 dur+ ! pa/ ye>1 ( ! beautiful rock fac$ /one s abundant betwe5 ! ,spuyt5 ,duyvil & ! ,highl&s1 & is a good example ( su* a build+ z w meet ! requirem5ts ( a mod]ately ext5sive e/abli%m5t4 ,x is conv5i5tly arrang$1 enabl+ all ! "w to be done ) ! mo/ ease1 & gives ?or\gh light & v5tilation1 s ess5tial to ! heal? & com=t ( animals4 ,! "t has gone by to give prospective prices = any?+1 b we h se5 ! day :5 ?is build+ might h be5 erect$ = ab\t #d1jjj4 ,a room = ! coa*man may easily be made on ! second floor1 & ! plan increas$ or decreas$ to suit ! wants ( any "o4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bc4--;,gr\nd ,plan4 ,,design ,no4 #g4 ,a ,,f>m ,,cottage4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bd4--,p]spective ,view4 ,we %[ 9 ?is design a /yle ( cottage :i*1 9 ^! high pric$ times ( lumb] & labor1 c be erect$ at a v reasonable figure2 & al?\gh prep>$ = a f>m cottage1 w admit ( su* *anges z w adapt x to ! wants ( ^? :o require a high] grade ( accommodation4 ,x is ! mo/ natural ?+ 9 ! _w = any "o to take up a plan & sugge/ innum]able *anges & additions1 always =gett+ ! unalt]able condition ( price1 situation1 & object1 :i* re/ra9$ ! ar*itect :ile work+ x up4 ,to prep>e a design reg>dless ( exp5se is a v diff]5t matt] f devis+ "o t gives ! l>ge/ am\nt ( accommodation )9 a fix$ limit ( co/4 ,we %all arrive gradually at ! precise figures1 & endeavor to get ! accommodation want$ by "s ( our read]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #be4--;,cell>4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bf4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bg4--,second ,floor4 ,x has be5 frequ5tly obs]v$ t ! gate lodges & f>m cottages atta*$ to l>ge e/ates are g5]ally m attractive 9 _! ar*itectural proportions & beauty ?an ! mansion itself2 & ?is has be5 usually attribut$ to ! education ( ! proprietor's ta/es1 ! cottages be+ ! late/ erections4 ,?is impression is n1 h[ev]1 always true2 = !re is a peculi> beauty & attractiv5ess ab\t cottage ar*itecture :i* c n be produc$ 9 build+s ( a l>g] & m commodi\s class4 ,c]ta9 x is t a prettily design$ cottage w always arre/ att5tion4 ,among ! fir/ & mo/ pleas+ impressions1 says a late writ]1 ( our trite fri5d1 ! intellig5t =eign]1 z he ent]$ ,engl& by ! old ,dov] road1 7 ^? sugge/$ by ! little :itewa%$ & woodb9$ cottages :i* caught 8 eye at e turn4 ,all books ( travels on ,engli% gr\nd are full ( !m4 ,snugly %elt]$ 9 its b[] ( apple trees1 or m /ately gr\p ( walnuts1 approa*able only by its ru/ic /airs1 or dott$ at neighborly di/ances along ! /raggl+ village1 ) its trim g>d5 ( lav5d] & wall fl[]s1 se5 ?r\gh ! wicket gate or ov] ! privet h$ge1 ! ,engli% cottage1 above or bel[1 ne> or 9 ! di/ance1 0 alike ! delight & envy ( ! travel]1 ! !me ( ! j\rnali/ & ! poet4 ',!re is sc>ce a cottage1' says an ,am]ican t\ri/ j l&$ f ,am]ica & ,france1 'betwe5 ,dov] & ,london :i* a poet might n be happy to live 94 ,i saw a hundr$ little spots ,i covet$ ) q a he>t-a*e4' ,:e!r or n ,rog]s w\ld h giv5 up 8 picture-light$ snugg]y 9 ,/4 ,james' ,place = 8 ',cot beside ! hill1' & really pref]r$ to h 8 lat* lift$ by ! pilgrim1 in/ead ( 8 knock] by a ,london footman1 x is c]ta9 t ! cottage homes ( ,engl& t bord] ! ma9 roads h long possess$ a beauty f> beyond ! h\ses 9 o!r l&s belong+ to classes mu* high] 9 ! social scale1 & h be5 covet$1 sometimes n )\t reason1 by ^? :o c\ld1 if !y *ose1 h pur*as$ !m fifty times ov]4 ,,design ,no4 #h4 ,?is design = a timb] cottage is simple & at ! same "t picturesque1 & built ^u a site adapt$ to x1 & 9 h>mony ) ! ar*itectural expression1 ! effect c\ld n fail to be 9 a high degree pleas+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bh4--,p]spective ,view4 ,x w be se5 t "s ( ! pr9cipal timb]s ( ! frame are int5d$ to %[ on ! outside1 & t !re is a design$ contra/ betwe5 ! horizontal sid+ ext5d+ to ! top ( ! po/s1 & ! v]tical & batt5$ cov]+ ( ! p$im5t above ! ornam5tal /r+ c\rse4 ,! brackets & po/s :i* support ! ro( ( ! por*es1 %\ld be *amf]$1 & ^! timb]s %\ld be ( suffici5t ?ickness to avoid any appe>ance ( meanness1 :ile at ! same "t1 !y %\ld n be too heavy1 & s de/roy ! proportions ( ! design4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bi4--;,cell>4 ,! ro( %\ld be cov]$ ) %+les hav+ _! ends clipp$ or r\nd$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cj4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ca4--,second ,floor4 ,! cell> may be divid$ 9 su* way z to s]ve ! wants ( ! occupants4 ,a portable furnace might be plac$ at ! foot ( ! basem5t /airs1 :i* w\ld w>m ! rooms on ! fir/ floor1 & temp] ! air ( ! *amb]s above4 ,! int]ior accommodations & conv5i5ces are readily se5 on inspection ( ! plans--7,figs4 #cj4 #ca74 ,!re is no wa/e ( room1 & = ! uses ( a small family1 ! accommodations w\ld be f\nd z ample z c\ld well be obta9$ 9 a cottage ( su* size & co/4 ,,design ,no4 #i4--,,rural ,,*ur*4 ,,design$ ,,by ,,! ,,rev4 ,,dr4 ,,cressy4 ,?is design is int5d$ = a *ur* :i* is to occupy a beautiful & comm&+ site on ! we/]n %ore ( ,lake ,george1 9 ! mid/ ( ! orig9al =e/1 & is n[ 9 process ( erection4 ,x w also meet ! requirem5ts ( sev]al correspond5ts :o h reque/$ plans = rural *ur*es :i* c\ld be erect$ z economically & *eaply z possible1 ) due reg>d to proportion1 fitness & beauty ( expression4 ,?is design w be f\nd to compreh5d1 we may say1 9 an em95t degree1 v>iety ( outl9e1 correctness ( detail1 =ce ( expression & purity ( ta/e1 ) simplicity ( execution1 & 9 ^? p>ts ( ! c\ntry :]e lumb] is abundant1 & labor n exorbitant1 x c be erect$ at a l[ co/4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cb4--,p]spective4 ,we h a "r to congratulate ourselves on ! improvem5t :i* ! la/ qu>t] ( a c5tury has witness$ among our p 9 ! build+ & adorn+ ( our edifices devot$ to ,*ri/ian wor%ip4 ,d[n+1 9 8 "t1 said1 t ! uglie/ *ur* ar*itecture 9 ,*ri/5dom1 is at ?is mom5t to be f\nd 9 ! c\ntry t[ns & villages ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,& speak+ ( ! influ5ce ( :at our *ur*es %\ld be1 9 ! beauty ( _! proportions1 & 9 ! expression ( ! sacr$ purposes :i* !y embody1 & ! feel+s ( rev]5ce & h>mony ) ,god & man :i* !y sugge/1 he fitly says--,we fe> !re are v few c\ntry *ur*es 9 our l& t ex]t ?is k9d ( spell1--a spell :i* gr[s out ( mak+ /one1 & brick1 & timb]1 obey ! w ( ! liv+ s\l1 & express a religi\s s5tim5t4 ,mo/ p]sons1 mo/ committees1 select m51 ve/rym51 & congregations1 :o h to d ) ! build+ ( *ur*es1 appe> inde$ :olly to ignore ! fact1 t ! =m & feature ( a build+ may be made to express religi\s1 civil1 dome/ic1 or a doz5 o!r feel+s1 z di/9ctly z ! =m & features ( ! human face3--& yet ?is is a fact z well kn[n by all true ar*itects1 z t joy & sorr[1 pleasure & pa91 are capable ( irradiat+ or d>k5+ ! c\nt5ance4 ,yes1 & we d n say too mu*1 :5 we add1 t "r expression 9 a build+ = religi\s purposes1 has z mu* to d ) awak5+ devotional feel+s1 & begett+ an atta*m5t 9 ! he>t1 z ! unmi/akable signs ( virtue & b5evol5ce 9 our fell[-creatures h 9 awak5+ k9dr$ feel+s 9 our own brea/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cc4--;,floor ,plan4 ,we d n1 ( c\rse1 mean to say t a beautiful rural *ur* w make all ! population ab\t x devotional1 any m ?an t sun%9e w bani% gloom2 b x is "o ( ! influ5ces t prep>e ! way = religi\s feel+1 & :i* we are z unwise to neglect1 z we %\ld be to abjure ! _w & bury ourselves1 l ! anci5t troglodytes1 9 caves & cav]ns4 ,happily we are com+ to appreciate ^! tru?s1 n only 9 our cities1 b 9 ! c\ntry1 & ! ugly1 unsightly1 & unseemly /ructures :i* h s long de=m$ ! l& are giv+ place to edifices 9 :i* ! true ideas ( h>mony1 grace1 proportion1 symmetry & expression1 :i* make :at we call ,beauty1 are br\ght out 9 due proportion4 ,! *ur* we pres5t is design$ to be ( wood1 ! c\ntry ab\t ! site af=d+ an abundance ( t mat]ial1 at ! l[e/ co/4 ,an inspection ( ! design w %[ t ! pr9cipal timb]s ( ! frame are int5d$ to be visible ext]nally1--! wea!r-bo>d+ be+ set back f ! face ( ! po/s & beams4 ,?is ext]ior cov]+ is int5d$ to be made ( s\nd r\gh plank1 f t5 to f\rte5 in*es wide1 & at lea/ "o & a-half in*es ?ick4 ,^! are to be tongu$ & groov$1 s z to make a close jo9t1 & nail$ to ! frame 9 a v]tical mann]4 ,! jo9t is to be cov]$ ) a n>r[ /rip1 or batt51 ( "o & a-half in* plank4 ,^! unplan$ plank may be pa9t$ ) two good coats & s&$1 or !y may be left to take su* t9ts & complexion z "t & ! wea!r may give !m4 ,lumb]1 at ! propos$ site1 be+ *eap] & m easily obta9$ ?an lime1 ! int]ior ( ! *ur* w be neatly ceil$ ) n>r[ bo>ds1 :i* w be lightly /a9$ & oil$4 ,! ro( w be op5 timb] ( simple con/ruction4 ,all ! wood "w ( ! int]ior w be ( p9e1 smoo?ly plan$1 /a9$ & oil$1 )\t pa9t1 except ! ceil+ ( ! ro( :i* %\ld be color$1 9 ord] to give some?+ l w>m? ( tone to ! int]ior1 ! lack ( :i* is (t5 sadly felt 9 our c\ntry *ur*es1 p>ticul>ly4 ,?is mode ( wea!r-bo>d+ & op5 timb] f9i% is n[ s common t a m p>ticul> description is unnecess>y4 ,?is *ur* w seat1 com=tably1 ab\t two hundr$ p]sons4 ,its co/ w dep5d entirely ^u ! price ( lumb] & labor1 ( c\rse1 & ^! v>y ) diff]5t localities1 & are p>ticul>ly unc]ta9 at ?is "t4 ,we w only add t x w co/ no m to build ) correct proportions & 9 good ta/e1 ?an 9 disreg>d & defiance ( ^! desirable & comm5dable pr9ciples4 ,,design ,no4 #aj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cd4--,p]spective4 ,we give bel[ a some:at diff]5t example ( ,cottage ,ar*itecture1 ( a =m t is compact & e way available1 at ! same "t af=d+ e conv5i5ce 9 ! arrangem5t ( rooms desirable = a family ( ref9$ ta/es & mod]ate means4 ,?is cottage may be built ( wood1 or1 bett] /ill1 9 favorable localities1 ( brick or /one1 & if suitably surr\nd$ ) ta/eful l&scape embelli%m5ts1 w make a snug1 pretty1 & attractive home4 ,"o c1 by ! ex]cise ( appropriate ta/e1 produce ! "r k9d ( an impression 9 a h\se ( ?is "*4 ,x %\ld become a "p (1 & belong to ! acres :i* surr\nd x2 x %\ld be an indisp5sable accessory to ! place itself1 & ! gr\nds %\ld be laid out & embelli%$ 9 su* a mann] t ! :ole comb9ation impresses all ) h>moni\s beauty1 & n1 z is too frequ5tly ! case1 seek to make up ! wret*$ defici5cies 9 ! gr\nds by elaborate exp5diture & display ab\t ! h\se4 ,a true appreciation ( c\ntry life w n tol]ate slov5ly1 ill-kept gr\nds1 & no h\se exhibits its true value unless !re is a h>mony 9 its surr\nd+s4 ,if ?is be att5d$ to1 a high degree ( effect c be produc$ 9 h\ses ( v mod]ate co/2 h\ses t %all be roomy1 w>m1 sub/antial1 & 9 e way agreeable to _! occupants4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ce4--;,basem5t ,plan4 ,! plans %[ ! arrangem5t ( rooms1 & ^! c be made l>g] or small]1 or be diff]5tly dispos$1 to suit almo/ any fancy4 ,9 ?is design ! kit*5 ap>tm5ts are bel[ /airs2 9 future plans we %all give "s ) kit*51 laundry1 etc41 on ! pr9cipal floor2 or !y c be readily add$ to ?is plan4 ,! co/ ( a h\se is ! "o ?+ desirable2 e "o asks = x1 & yet e "o )9 our k :o has built a h\se himself at a /at$ price has be5 sadly deceiv$4 ,close specifications are v dry read+1 & n appropriate "h1 & x is que/ionable h[ mu* s]vice !y w\ld be to any b pr(essional build]s4 ,x is reasonable to suppose1 t if "o )\t build+ exp]i5ce und]takes x1 he w h to pay some?+ additional = ! k he w ga94 ,if he places x to ! prop] acc\nt1 !n we c n be accus$ ( mislead+ him4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cf4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cg4--,second ,floor4 ,mo/ m5 contemplate1 at "s p]iod ( life1 ! con/ruction ( a dwell+-h\se1 b few deem x necess>y to /udy _! wants or prep>e _! plans until !y h select$ _! site & made all o!r arrangem5ts = build+1 & !n proce$ ) all possible ha/e to plan a home4 ,t :i* %\ld h be5 ! /udy ( mon?s or ye>s1 is hurri$ ?r\gh 9 z _m days1 imp]fectly done at ! be/1 & ! cause ( frequ5t annoy+ & exp5sive *anges aft] ! "w has comm5c$4 ,x is true1 t ! site has v mu* to d ) ! di/ribution ( rooms1 b any +5i\s ar*itect c readily adapt a prop] comb9ation ( rooms to suit ! exposures & views ( a p>ticul> site4 ,x w\ld be va/ly bett] = ^? :o pref] to arrange _! own plan ( rooms1 7& !re are b v few :o d n17 t !y take abundant "t to consid] well e ?+ relat+ to !m2 & al?\gh ! hope ( build+ may be v remote1 x %\ld n be consid]$ "t lo/ to beg9 to give "o's ?\ghts a def9ite =m ( :at he ?9ks a h\se %\ld be2 = if no?+ else results1 x may furni% a valuable h9t = a fri5d1 & w c]ta9ly enl>ge "o's in=mation & exp]i5ce 9 ^! matt]s4 ,almo/ e "o is capable1 ) su* h9ts z h be5 freely giv5 9 ! volumes ( ! ,,horticulturi/1 9 ! lead+ pap]s :i* treat on rural art1 & ! num]\s valuable publications on rural ar*itecture1 to make su* a comb9ation ( rooms z w be/ suit 8 peculi> wants1 ta/es1 or fancies1 & !n1 ) ! aid ( an ar*itect1 x c readily be fre$ f me*anical impracticabilities1 & put into a proportionate & h>moni\s =m4 ,ar*itecture1 bo? 9 design & con/ruction1 is a pr(ession t requires long ye>s ( /udy & practice to develop an exp]t1 & ^? :o really want a good ?+ at ! lea/ co/1 usually seek su* assi/ance2 ^? :o pref] to d _! own design+ & build+1 f9d out ) absolute c]ta9ty ! mo/ exp5sive modes ( erect+ v ugly & ill-proportion$ /ructures4 ,,design ,no4 #aa4 ,a ,,suburban ,,summ] ,,h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ch4 ,9 ! adornm5t ( ornam5tal gr\nds1 "s consid]able att5tion has be5 giv5 to summ] h\ses1 & simil> /ructures2 b ^! h be5 ma9ly ru/ic 9 _! design & f9i%1 & 9 ?is respect well adapt$ to _! purpose & surr\nd+s4 ,! good ta/e ( ^! /ructures w n be call$ 9 "q4 ,!re are locations1 h[ev]1 9 ! m imm$iate vic9ity ( our l>ge cities1 :]e a /yle less ru/ic w\ld seem to be m 9 h>mony ) ! ar*itecture :i* is f\nd to prevail4 ,we ref] to resid5ces on ! outskirts ( our l>ge cities1 ) inclosures conta9+ a few city lots4 ,"h ! ar*itecture1 s f> f be+ rural1 is1 on ! contr>y1 /iff1 %>p1 & sometimes v ornate4 ,a ru/ic summ] h\se 9 su* a place w\ld be an incongruity4 ,a ru/ic h\se is 9 itself a beautiful object2 b !re is a c]ta9 *>m 9 association :i* c n be widely dep>t$ f )\t do+ viol5ce to our conceptions ( ! fitness ( ?+s2 & h5ce a purely ru/ic h\se )\t rural surr\nd+s is de/itute ( ! *ief elem5ts :i* give rise to ! beautiful4 ,mo/ p]sons w\ld say x 0 out ( place4 ,! design h]e) pres5t$ 0 prep>$ to meet ! requirem5ts ( su* a case2 x is consequ5tly some:at elaborate4 ,x is locat$ on a small plot ( gr\nd )9 ! city limits1 & 9 full view f ?ree /reets4 ,! gr\nds are laid out ) a few rectangul> walks1 & su* %rubs z ! small size ( ! place w\ld admit (4 ,! h\se1 we ?9k corresponds ) its surr\nd+s4 ,its faults1 if any1 are a little too mu* ornam5t1 b some?+ ( ?is k9d seem$ to be requir$ 9 ! abs5ce ( t m beautiful ornam5tation produc$ by ! drap]y ( ,nature4 ,! h\se is s locat$ t x receives ! morn+ sun = a few h\rs1 b dur+ ! re/ ( ! day is 9 ! %ade2 x !re=e con/itutes a pleasant place ( retreat = ! family at all h\rs1 & is us$ by ! *ildr5 freely z a play h\se4 ,! floor is laid 9 n>r[ /uff1 & is elevat$ a foot above ! gr\nd = ! sake ( dryness4 ,easy seats1 a h&some c5tre table1 & a hang+ lamp complete ! int]ior4 ,v5etian bl9ds af=d ample protection on a mi/y day or a *illy night1 or admit ! s(t summ] breeze on a hot & sultry eve4--,horticulturi/4 ,,design ,no4 #ab4 ,,/able ,,& ,,c>riage ,,h\se4 ,?is /able af=ds abundant accommodation = ?ree horses1 ) c>riage h\se1 fe$ room1 & a l>ge h>ness room on ! fir/ floor1 :ile ! l(t above may conta9 a coa*man's room1 & leave ample space = hay & /raw4 ,if requir$1 a %$ & c[ h\se c be ext5d$ on ! side opposite ! c>riage h\se1 ?us add+ consid]ably to ! effect ( ! ext]nal appe>ance4 ,"u ! /able !re %\ld be a cell> = ! /orage ( roots = fe$1 &1 if desirable1 ! w9t] /ock ( vegetables = h\sehold use4 ,?is /able may be built ( wood1 or ( /one or brick4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ci4--,/able4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dj4--,/able ,plan4 ,,design ,no4 #ac4 ,?is design is int5d$ to cov]1 at a l[ co/1 z mu* com=t & conv5i5ce z a mod]ate-siz$ family w\ld require1 & to di/ribute ! same z mu* z possible on "o floor4 ,! cell> or basem5t kit*5 is disp5s$ ) & only en\gh cell> room provid$ to meet ! wants ( ^? :o occupy suburban places ( a few acres 9 ext5t4 ,:]e l>ge quantities ( vegetables are /or$1 or :]e cell> room is requir$ = f>m purposes1 we ?9k x bett] to build cell>s sep>ate f ! resid5ce1 7an arrangem5t mu* m heal?ful1 z well z conv5i5t & desirable47 ,= ! pres]vation 9 w>m wea!r ( meats1 milk1 & o!r p]i%able articles1 a refrig]ator1 or1 bett] /ill1 an ice closet1 c be set up at "o end ( ! laundry4 ,?is c be suppli$ ) ice ?r\gh an outside door1 & is inf9itely bett] & m conv5i5t ?an any cell> or spr+ h\se4 ,! kit*5 is )\t a fire-place1 b is provid$ ) a v5tilator 9 ! *imney ne> ! ceil+4 ,! cook+ may be done by a /ove1 :i*1 if prop]ly contriv$1 is "o ( ! mo/ effective v5tilators1 & pref]r$ by _m h\sekeep]s = all kit*5 purposes4 ,or a range c be plac$ 9 ! *imney1 if desirable1 or a fire-place1 if x %\ld be consid]$ indisp5sable4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #da4--;,elevation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #db4--,plan4 ,a door "u ! /air-way sep>ates ! front & re> halls1 & disconnects ! kit*5 ap>tm5ts f ! re/ ( ! h\se4 ,all ! doors op5+ into ! re> hall %\ld be hung ) ! new spiral spr+ butt1 ! be/ door spr+ t has come "u our notice4 ,x is entirely conceal$1 & works )\t a fault4 ,! closets 9 ! d9+ room are f9i%$ to give an int]ior appe>ance ( a bay w9d[4 ,! d9+ room & ! two *amb]s above1 are int5d$ to be heat$ by a fire-place heat] set 9 ! *imney1 ?us w>m+ ?ree rooms1 at pleasure1 ) "o fire4 ,a small /ove 9 ! libr>y w keep t com=table4 ,or1 9 place ( all ?is1 ! :ole h\se may be heat$ by any ( ! approv$ modes1 9 ! use ( hot air1 hot wat]1 or /eam4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dc4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,! libr>y1 p>lor1 or g5]al liv+ room 9 a c\ntry h\se--& we l ^! rooms 9 "o--%\ld h ! *e]ful1 heal?ful luxury ( an op5 fire-place1 & we "k ( no m elegant1 cleanly & effective contrivance = ?is purpose ?an ,dixon's l[ d[n1 ,philadelphia ,grate1 9 :i* wood1 coal1 or any o!r fuel c be us$ equally well4 ,! advantages comb9$ 9 ?is grate are ^!3--! fire flat on ! he>?1 & radiat+ ! heat f an oval ca/ iron back+3 cold air suppli$ f bel[1 & a%es1 dirt1 c41 %ak5 d[n into an a%-pit 9 ! cell>1 b5ea? ! grate4 ,we speak confid5tly ( ?is inv5tion1 aft] a trial ( two w9t]s1 & d n hesitate to say t1 comp>$ ) ?is1 ! ord9>y grate is wor?less4 ,l>ge rooms c be kept p]fectly com=table 9 ! colde/ wea!r1 )\t heat f any o!r s\rce4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dd4--,second ,floor4 ,?is h\se is suppli$ ) a ci/]n1 con/ruct$ ) ! utmo/ c>e1 t5 feet 9 diamet]1 & t5 feet deep1 hold+ #f1jjj gallons ( wat]4 ,! ro( is ( slate1 & ! ra9-wat] is !re=e ( great purity1 free f color1 & ! woody ta/e usually imp>t$ to x by fall+ on a %+le ro(4 ,at ! laundry s9k is "o ( ,we/'s lift & =ce pumps1 :i* draws ! wat] f ! ci/]n4 ,?is pump is a simple & effective affair1 & works ) rem>kable ease1 is always 9 ord]1 & may be consid]$ "o ( ! be/ pumps kn[n4 ,we h giv5 x a ?or\gh trial1 & speak f p]sonal k4 ,on "o side ( ! laundry s9k !re is also "o ( ,k$zie's l>ge size ra9-wat] filt]s1 :i* holds sev]al pails full ( wat]1 & :i* we comm5d z an admirable contrivance = ! purposes int5d$4 ,x possesses e m]it claim$ = x1 & aft] m ?an a ye>'s use1 ! wat] drawn f x is ( su* cry/al purity & sweetness z to attract ! att5tion ( all to :om x is (f]$4 ,no well has be5 dug or contemplat$ on ! premises connect$ ) ?is cottage4 ,ab\t "o-half ! co/ ( a well has be5 exp5d$ ^u a slate ro(1 a l>ge & c>efully-con/ruct$ ci/]n1 ,we/'s pump & ,k$zie's filt]--! o!r half has be5 safely inve/$ 9 ,u4 ,s4 #g-cj's1 & in/ead ( hoi/+ wat] fifty feet1 = h\sehold1 g>d51 & /able uses1 ! turn ( a croton wat] tap is n m easy & conv5i5t1 & ! f9e/ fl[ ( a silv] spr+ ( s(t wat]1 is n m beautiful ?an t deliv]$ by ,we/'s pump & ,k$zie's filt]1 :i* supplies = all purposes ( ! cottage1 /able1 & g>d51 wat] unsurpass$ 9 its pleasant & :olesome prop]ties4 ,^? :o seek ! mo/ conv5i5t & reliable modes ( procur+ ! pure/ & sweete/ wat]1 w f9d ?is to be ! lea/ co/ly & ! mo/ satisfactory4 ,= a compact1 conv5i5t cottage1 ) e facility = do+ ! "w ( ! h\sehold1 ) ! lea/ numb] ( /eps--9 :i* all ! ess5tial mod]n conv5i5ces are introduc$1 )\t ! mod]n prices atta*$--= a l[-pric$1 elegant cottage1 we d n "k ( any plan m appropriate ?an ?is4 ,9 ! con/ruction ( ?is h\se a bay-w9d[ 0 introduc$ 9 front1 9 ! p>lor1 7,fig4 #dc47 & ! v]&a 0 made half octagon4 ,^! alt]ations add mu* to ext]ior appe>ance1 z well z to ! capacity ( ! p>lor4 ,on ! side ( ! p>lor & d9+ room an addition is contemplat$1 :i* w relieve ! app>5t want ( v>iety :i* n[ exi/s1 & ess5tially improve ! ext]nal appe>ance4 ,,design ,no4 #ad4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #de4--;,cottage ,/able4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #df4--,plan4 ,fig4 #de %[s a design = a cottage /able1 giv+ accommodations = a horse & c[1 two c>riages1 "o or two wagons1 & two tons ( hay4 ,! ma9 build+ is s proportion$1 t ?ree m /alls may be add$1 & x may !n become ! w+ ( a l>g] build+1 to be us$ = c>riage room & o!r purposes4 ,= ^? :o keep b "o horse & c[1 ?is design af=ds abundant room4 ,,design ,no4 #ae4 ,,ice ,,h\se4 ,x is only )9 a few ye>s t ice1 9 all seasons1 has be5 class$ among ! necess>ies ( life4 ,9 l>ge cities x is indisp5sable1 b ! cool spr+-h\se or cell> 9 ! c\ntry impresses _m ) ! idea t ice1 9 summ] mon?s1 c only be reg>d$ z a luxury4 ,along ) o!r conv5i5ces 9 keep+ ) ?is progressive age1 ! ice-h\se has its place1 & a c\ntry-seat ( any pret5sions is n complete )\t x4 ,x is simple 9 con/ruction1 & c be built v *eaply ( r\gh mat]ials1 or made z elaborate z is desirable4 ,x =ms a pretty feature ab\t ! gr\nds1 if treat$ ) "s ar*itectural ta/e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dg4--;,ice ,h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dh4--;,gr\nd ,plan4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #di4--,p]spective4 ,,design ,no4 #af4 ,?is design1 ) ! accompany+ plans suffici5tly expla9 !mselves )\t m9ute description4 ,! arrangem5t1 z w be se5 ^u exam9ation1 secures a v l>ge am\nt ( accommodation1 ) good siz$ rooms1 & ample /ore & closet conv5i5ces4 ,! build+ is compact1 & at ! same "t pres5ts a pleas+ v>iety 9 its ext]ior appe>ance4 ,by c>ry+ up ! libr>y1 two dress+ rooms1 = ! two pr9cipal *amb]s1 may be secur$4 ,:5 "o contemplates build+1 & has put 8 ?\ghts & wi%es into a tangible =m1 ! lead+ "q ask$ is1 h[ mu* w all ?is co/8 = :at price 9 doll>s & c5ts1 )\t extras or additional *>ges ( any k9d1 c ?is dwell+ be erect$ 9 a good & workmanlike mann]1 9 accordance ) plans & specifications1 & satisfactory to ! own]8 ,?is is precisely ! pla9 ,engli% ( :at a bus9ess man wants to "k2 = we hold t x is "r & prop]1 t e "o %\ld look "r ?r\gh all ! connect$ l9ks & complications t require a consid]able exp5diture ( money1 & see t he l&s c>efully 9 ! place anticipat$4 ,to />t ) ! int5tion ( disburs+ #e1jjj1 & w9d up ) an exp5diture ( #ab1jjj1 is n only annoy+ 9 a money po9t ( view1 b an impea*m5t ( "o's judgm5t & good s5se1 n pleasant to he> outsid]s reflect on2 = h[ev] mu* "o might wi% to %ift ! responsibility on o!rs1 x is "o ( ^? ?+s t "t w always place :]e x belongs4 ,z long z m5 consid] ! arts ( design+ & con/ruct+ build+s to be ( no special importance1 or t !y are qualifi$1 )\t in/ruction or exp]i5ce1 to practice !m1 exp5sive blund]s w naturally result1 & soon] or lat] x w be discov]$ t su* wisdom is de>ly b\ght4 ,!re are _m1 h[ev]1 :o pref] to manage _! build+ affairs ?us1 & :o c only le>n m agreeable & less exp5sive modes by actual exp]i5ce2 "s d x f ignorance1 "s f suppos$ economy1 & o!rs f ! supposition t !y are be/ qualifi$4 ,! design = a h\se or o!r build+1 & a plan ( ! int]ior arrangem5t ( ea* floor1 prep>$ by a pr(essional man :o makes su* ?+s ! bus9ess ( 8 life1 is n[ v g5]ally admitt$ by intellig5t m5 to be ess5tial2 b ! managem5t or sup]9t5d5ce ( ! "w by ! p>ty :o has /udi$ & design$ x1 does n seem q s app>5t4 ,an ar*itect prep>es ! draw+s = a dwell+ to co/ #e1jjj2 n[ :e!r x actually w co/ #e1jjj1 #h1jjj or #aj1jjj1 9 ! h&s ( ano!r sup]9t5d5t1 is an unansw]$ problem4 ,a prevail+ folly :i* we f9d v g5]al1 is to suppose t all m5 c build ! same h\se1 9 all places1 = precisely ! same am\nt ( money2 & b few are will+ to admit t !y1 ( all o!rs1 are n ! mo/ compet5t to c>ry ?r\gh ! :ole bus9ess ( build+ at ! l[e/ figure4 ,"s mu/ f9d out 9 ! mo/ exp5sive mann]1 t ! pr(ession ( an ar*itect1 or ! skill ( a build]1 c only be atta9$ by long ye>s ( c>eful application4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ej4--;,basem5t ,plan4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ea4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,:at a h\se w co/ to build is a "q always ask$ ) ! utmo/ simplicity1 & a prompt & reliable answ] always expect$1 & if n =?com+ at once1 gives rise to a suspicion t "o's pr(essional ability is n ( ! mo/ ?or\gh "*4 ,!re are s _m conditions to gov]n results 9 h\se build+1 t ev5 an approximate e/imate may fall v wide ( ! m>k4 ,two h\ses may be built f ! same plan1 & we may also say1 f ! same specifications2 "o by day's "w1 & ! o!r by contract1 & !y %all be s exactly alike 9 all respects :5 f9i%$1 t an unpr(essional obs]v] w\ld detect no diff]5ce1 & yet "o may hone/ly co/ j d\ble ! am\nt 9 money exp5d$ on ! o!r2 ev5 ! same build] may build two h\ses precisely alike 9 all respects1 & yet ! co/ be q unequal4 ,on "o site /one may be easily obta9$1 a s& bank on ! premises1 a runn+ brook close at h&1 saw mills1 brick y>ds1 & lime kilns )9 mod]ate di/ances & accessible by good roads4 ,! o!r site may be q ! rev]se 9 situation1 or h "s decid$ disadvantages 9 obta9+ "s v necess>y mat]ials4 ,we once built a f9e /one h\se :]e /one 0 abundant & close at h&1 b all ! lumb] & brick _h to be haul$ ?irte5 miles ov] hilly roads2 ! co/ ( t h\se has no?+ to d ) ! co/ ( a simil> h\se 9 a diff]5t locality4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eb4--,second ,floor4 ,a compet5t bus9ess sup]9t5d5t has a great deal to d ) ! co/ ( a h\se2 "o t und]/&s all ! tricks ( e build+ trade1 t kn[s ! m>ket well1 & ! value & quality ( all build+ mat]ials1 & :]e inf]ior workman%ip & mat]ials c be us$ to an equal advantage ) ^? ( fir/ class4 ,to slight "w & yet d x ju/ice2 to give x all ! /r5g? & endurance necess>y1 requires "o ( skillful acquirem5ts4 ,a me*anic may p]suade a proprietor into _m a long day's "w1 z x pays well to nurse good jobs :5 o!r "w is slack1 b an ar*itect :o und]/&s su* ?+s w\ld save ! value ( useless "w4 ,! co/ ( a h\se dep5ds on a well-/udi$ plan2 ?is plan does n consi/ alone 9 ! arrangem5t ( rooms1 w9d[s1 doors1 etc41 b involves a c>eful /udy ( ! anatomy ( con/ruction4 ,"o may save by a prop] di/ribution ( timb]s1 z well z make a v great sav+ by ! arrangem5t ( rooms4 ,good managem5t is ( ! greate/ importance1 n only z a matt] ( economy1 b z secur+ ! be/ class ( workman%ip1 & ! mo/ judici\s use ( mat]ials4 ,good or bad managem5t produces ! same results 9 build+ op]ations z 9 w> or any o!r pursuit4 ,"o takes up a capital "w on rural ar*itecture1 writt5 p]haps t5 or fifte5 ye>s ago1 be=e ! g5]al introduction ( furnaces1 /eam pipes1 gas1 ba?s1 m>ble bas9s1 etc42 !y f9d a h\se t suits !m1 :i* ! book says w co/ #f1jjj1 & t is j ! am\nt1 by close figur+1 t c be rais$ = build+4 ,! h\se is ord]$1 put 9 ! h&s ( ! be/ me*anic to f9i% all complete1 & he goes ahead2 he is unre/rict$ except by ! book1 & ! au?or ( x is a man ( reputation4 ,9 ! way ( details p]haps no?+ has be5 said2 !y are !re=e extravagant 9 ! use ( mat]ials1 & elaborate 9 workman%ip2 z x is n consid]$ good policy = a workman :o has a good ord]1 to make sugge/ions calculat$ to decrease ! am\nt ( "w4 ,:5 ! bills to ! am\nt ( #f1jjj h be5 settl$1 ! h\se is f\nd to be half f9i%$1 & an additional #f1jjj is necess>y to complete x2 less t "o ye>'s int]e/ ( :i* w\ld h amply suffic$ to secure ! s]vices ( "o :o has sp5t ! be/ ye>s ( 8 life to le>n h[ to design & to manage "w to co/ a specifi$ price4 ,:5 an ar*itect says a h\se c be built = a c]ta9 price1 x is to be und]/ood t mat]ials deliv]$ on ! gr\nd %all n exce$ an av]age co/1 t ! paym5ts made are to be 9 ca%1 & t he manages ! "w4 ,to hold an ar*itect responsible or blame him = blund]s 9 ! co/ ( "w t he design$ & did n sup]9t5d1 is manife/ly unju/1 yet x is a frequ5t occurr5ce4 ,! co/ ( "w is a "q easily answ]$1 :5 "o is fully acqua9t$ ) all its be>+s & has x "u 8 control1 b no "o c say at :at price a novice 9 build+ op]ations c execute x4 ,,design ,no4 #ag4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ec4--,/able4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ed4--,/able ,plan4 7,rev]s$47 ,fig4 #ec is a design = a cottage /able1 ) /alls = two horses1 & ! necess>y c>riage room & o!r conv5i5ces4 ,?is design1 9 its ext]ior1 pres5ts z great a degree ( v>iety 9 ! comb9ations ( =m & %ad[ z ! price w admit (4 ,x answ]s ! purposes ( com=table protection & conv5i5ce1 z well or ev5 bett] ?an ! mo/ co/ly /ructures4 ,a horse ne$s a dry1 well-v5tilat$ ap>tm5t1 & enjoys fre% air1 daylight1 & sunlight z well z human be+s4 ,unless ^! v inexp5sive wants are provid$1 no comp5sation is af=d$ by elaborate detail & workman%ip4 ,,design ,no4 #ah4 ,,s*ool ,,h\se ,,at ,,irv+ton1 ,,on ,,! ,,hudson4 ,our ar*itectural s]ies w\ld be by no means complete if devot$ entirely to dwell+s2 & z ! res\rces ( an ext5sive pr(essional practice 9 ! arts :i* embelli% & beautify our c\ntry may be l>gely made use (1 we pres5t "h a design = ano!r class ( build+s4 ,a s*ool-h\se is n a build+ :i* e "o contemplates erect+1 & yet a l>ge proportion are1 or ought to be1 int]e/$ 9 develop+ 9 /ructures ( ?is class su* ar*itectural pr9ciples z %all make _! impressions 9 e>ly life1 & influ5ce future ta/es4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ee4--,s*ool ,h\se4 ,?is build+ is design$ to accommodate ab\t fifty s*ol>s1 be+ #be by #dj feet1 ) a front projection #aj by #ah feet4 ,9 ! basem5t a l>ge furnace & abundant accommodation = coal4 ,! ma9 floor is divid$ into s*ool-room1 two recitation rooms1 hat & coat room1 wa% closet ) s9k1 & wat] closet1 above :i* is a l>ge tank1 suppli$ f ! ro(4 ,an outside ci/]n supplies cool dr9k+-wat]1 ! pure/ & heal?ie/ wat] kn[n1 & r5d]s ! use ( ice unnecess>y 9 summ]4 ,! height ( all ^! ceil+s is ne>ly f\rte5 feet1 & ea* room is ?or\ghly v5tilat$2 ! belfry is provid$ ) a "o hundr$ p\nd bell2 inde$1 no?+ has be5 left undone t is calculat$ to promote ! heal? & com=t ( ! pupils4 ,! p>tition betwe5 ! doors to ! recitation rooms is made 9 sections1 & c be easily remov$1 ?us mak+ "o l>ge room = exhibition & lecture purposes4 ,! /age1 9 ?is case is to be plac$ at ! left end ( ! room4 ,! capacity ( ! build+ c be ne>ly d\bl$ by occupy+ ! entire floor z a s*ool-room1 & build+ an addition #ab by #bd feet directly 9 ! re>1 opposite to ! front projection1 = recitation rooms4 ,! situation ( ?is build+ at ,irv+ton1 on ! ,hudson1 "s tw5ty-five miles above ! city ( ,new ,york1 is 9 a *>m+1 heal?y1 & delightful locality2 "o made fam\s by ! p5 & resid5ce ( ,wa%+ton ,irv+1 & not$ = its magnific5t sc5]y1 its views ( riv] & m\nta91 & ! f9e ta/e display$ 9 l&scape & ar*itectural embelli%m5ts by ^? :o h made _! homes 9 ?is vic9ity4 ,we h always ?\ght t ^? educational in/itutions possess ! mo/ attractions t are s situat$ t all surr\nd+s %all h a favorable influ5ce2 & !re is no?+ l example 9 e>ly tra9+4 ,br+ up & educate a boy among ^? :o "k no?+ ( ! ref9em5ts ( life1 away f ! progressive examples ( art & ta/e1 9 a tumble-d[n1 unpla/]$1 ill-heat$ & v5tilat$ ap>tm5t1 & he nev] c become1 ) all ! aid ( books & tea*]s1 z ?or\ghly cultivat$ & fitt$ = ! duties ( life1 z "o :o has enjoy$ associations ( a high] ord]4 ,s*ool ar*itecture has a mean+ 9 x2 !re is value 9 proportion1 h>mony1 beauty1 light & %ade1 z appli$ to s*ool build+s1 t is n compreh5d$ by all4 ,a rec5t writ] says bett] ?an we c say x1 t ,x is ! duty ( tea*]s1 z well z p>5ts & s*ool committees1 to see t ! circum/ances "u :i* *ildr5 /udy are su* z %all leave a happy impression ^u _! m9ds2 = :atev] is br\ght "u ! frequ5t obs]vation ( ! "y mu/ h its influ5ce ^u _! susceptible natures = good or evil4 ,%abby s*ool-h\ses induce slov5ly habits4 ,ill-con/ruct$ b5*es may n only di/ort ! body1 b1 by reflex influ5ce1 ! m9d z well4 ,conditions l ^! seldom fail to disgu/ ! le>n] ) 8 s*ool1 & neutralize ! be/ ef=ts ( 8 tea*]s4 ,on ! o!r h&1 neat1 com=table places = /udy may help to awak5 ! associations en*a9+ ! m9d & ! he>t to le>n+ & virtu\s in/ruction ) l9ks ( gold bright5+ =ev]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ef4--,pr9cipal ,floor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eg4--,p]spective ,view4 ,,design ,no4 #ai4 ,?is design 0 prep>$ = erection 9 ! vic9ity ( ,go%51 ,orange ,co41 ,n4 ,y41 & ! accommodation limit$ to a price n exce$+ ----4 ,x pres5ts 9 hall1 v]&as1 & l>ge p>lor1 "s ( ! v necess>y attractions ( a c\ntry h\se1 & is a good example ( :at c be done = a limit$ sum4 ,:ile ! plan is a p>allelogram1 & ! ro( free f hips & valleys1 ! g5]al arrangem5t is su* z to %[ consid]able v>iety 9 outl9e1 & "o1 we ?9k1 t w h a pleas+ effect4 ,su* h\ses1 erect$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ,new ,york1 & _m ( our l>ge cities1 w\ld add a l>ge value to ! gr\nd !y /& on1 & pay a h&some rate ( int]e/ on _! co/2 bett] ?an any o!r class ( build+ inve/m5ts1 z ! supply is 9 n[ise equal to ! dem&4 ,x is s simple a matt]1 ) pres5t prompt & rapid railroad facilities1 to invite a fair proportion ( ! "y bus9ess m5 ( our l>ge cities to make _! homes 9 ! adjo9+ c\ntry1 t we wond] capitali/s & real e/ate own]s d n m frequ5tly make money = !mselves & o!rs by erect+ ta/eful1 l[-pric$ suburban homes4 ,9 =m] times1 a h\se ( ?is class erect$ 9 ! c\ntry1 w\ld be pa9t$ ext]iorly a pure :ite1 ) no relief1 except probably 9 ! viol5t contra/ ( bright gre5 v5etian bl9ds to ! w9d[s4 ,?is sort ( ta/e un=tunately /ill rema9s1 al?\gh 9 ! progress ( rural ta/e & art1 ! c\ntry is mu* improv$ 9 ?is respect4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eh4--;,cell>4 ,!re is a v>iety ( colors1 kn[n z neutral t9ts1 :i* are suitable = ext]iors1 & ! effect produc$ by !m is altoge!r pleas+1 :ile a h\se pa9t$ :ite c nev] be an agreeable object 9 any l&scape1 h[ev] admirable its ar*itectural proportions & f9i% may be4 ,! tone ( color = a h\se w dep5d ^u its size1 =m1 & situation1 & x (t5 requires a nice & cultivat$ eye to det]m9e :at w\ld be mo/ appropriate & effective4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ei4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,= su* a h\se z ?is1 we %\ld *oose a light fawn color--n yell[--& pa9t ! cornice1 w9d[-frames & o!r project+ & ornam5tal p>ts two or ?ree %ades d>k] ?an ! body ( ! build+4 ,?is w give a dep? ( %ad[ & expression :i* _c be obta9$ 9 any o!r way4 ,l>ge h\ses1 ) massive features ( con/ruction1 w be> to be pa9t$ ) d>k] colors1 b !y %\ld n be too sombre1 s z to give a gloomy appe>ance to ! h\se4 ,! c\ntry1 ) its bright sun%9e1 its ri* adornm5ts ( fl[]s1 & its numb]less =ms ( beauty & grace1 is em95tly *e]ful4 ,x (t5 happ5s t ! pa9t] does all he c to m> ?is *e]fulness & beauty1 by />tl+ contra/s ( colors1 & by de/roy+ ! h>mony :i* p]vades ! l&scape4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fj4--,second ,floor4 ,,design ,no4 #bj4 ,a ,,c\ntry ,,*apel4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fa4--,p]spective4 ,we pres5t 9 ?is design a plan = a sub/antial & p]man5t *apel1 hav+ capacity = seat+ ab\t f\r hundr$4 ,= ! purpose = :i* x 0 design$1 no di/9ct *ancel 0 requir$4 ,su* a *ancel c\ld be arrang$1 if desir$1 9 a recess tak5 (f ! lecture or class room 9 ! re> ( ! *apel4 ,x c\ld be light$ at ! ro(1 or on ! sides4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fb4--;,gr\nd ,plan4 ,?is *apel1 built ( /one ?r\gh\t1 ) an op5 timb] ro( & /a9$ glass w9d[s1 w\ld be an ornam5t to any c\ntry locality1 & a cr$it to ! ta/e & lib]ality ( ^? :o built x4 ,e ?+ ab\t su* a *apel %\ld be real1 & no suspicion ( %am or unreality %\ld be tol]at$ 9 any "p ( ! "w4 ,! practice ( build+ ! fronts ( *ur*es ( /one1 :ile ! side & re> walls are con/ruct$ ( r\gh brick1 pa9t$ & m>k$ (f to resemble ! /one1 is v common1 we "k1 bo? 9 t[n & c\ntry1 b x is a species ( deceit & false pret5ce :i* ought n to be4 ,if ! be/ & co/lie/ mat]ial _c be us$ = ! entire /ructure1 let ! r\gh] & inf]ior mat]ial be fairly %[n1 9 e "p4 ,if ! means & lib]ality ( ! p>i% _c provide oak or walnut = ! int]ior f9i%1 let ! wood "w be pla9ly pa9t$1 or :at is bett] /ill1 simply oil$1 b !re %\ld be no cunn+ deception ( gra9+1 to repres5t ! co/li] wood4 ,x is n hone/1 &1 we take x1 a *ur*1 built = religi\s wor%ip1 is ! la/ place t %\ld betray our human meanness & want ( hone/y4 ,,design ,no4 #ba4 ,we %[ 9 ?is design :at c be done ) a sub/antial old f>m h\se2 h[ easily & beautifully x c be *ang$ into a suburban home ( elegant ext]ior1 & com=table & conv5i5t int]ior appo9tm5ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fc4--,view ( ! ,h\se at ! "t ( ,pur*ase4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fd4--,! same remodel$4 ,?is class ( spaci\s & sub/antial f>m h\ses1 ) ! gambrel1 curb1 or ,mans>d ro(1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #fc1 is v num]\s ab\t ! suburbs ( ,new ,york ,city1 & m p>ticul>ly 9 ! neighbor+ prov9ce ( ,new ,j]sey1 :]e "o f9ds !m ne/l$ 9 ! valleys or by ! road side1 z be/ fitt+ to ! ta/e ( our e>ly ,dut* settl]s1 :o priz$ seclusion & protection above bleak exposure & f>-rea*+ views4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fe4 ,z a g5]al ?+1 ! bett] class ( ,new ,j]sey f>m h\ses ( ?is type 7 built ( squ>$ & hamm]$ r$ s&-/one1 laid up 9 regul> c\rses1 & 9 _m in/ances ! "* ( ! "w diff]$ on all sides1 ! front be+ ! mo/ f9ely f9i%$4 ,& 9 _m ( ! mo/ pret5ti\s ( ^! h\ses1 brick 0 sub/itut$ = ! front1 z be+ less common4 ,!re is1 p]haps1 no?+ m difficult 9 an ar*itect's exp]i5ce ?an to make a f9e ?+ out ( a subject s de/itute ( beauty ( =m or proportion1 & yet pres]ve ! sub/antial walls & o!r belong+s1 t h /ood = half a c5tury1 & are n[ /rong]1 & promise a durability t exce$s ^? ( o!r h\ses built 9 ?is progressive age2 & yet "h is a pre/o *ange t w almo/ defy ! ke5 eyes ( ! old settl]s to recognize any trace ( ! anci5t l&m>k t = fifty ye>s has ov]look$ ! beautiful valley ( ! ,t5akill4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ff4 ,!re are v _m ( ^! old h\ses t are equally well adapt$ to we> a mod]n face1 ?\gh b few pur*as]s c look ?r\gh all su* *anges ) ! eye ( a pr(essional exp]t1 & select t to :i*1 at a l[ price1 a c]ta9 beauty c be add$1 :i*1 :5 done1 %all indicate ! wisdom ( _! *oice4 ,fir/ impressions _m times are sadly aga9/ all hopes ( success4 ,) wea!r-/a9s ^u ! wall1 ,& /airways worn1 & crazy doors1 ,& creak+ & unev5 floors1 ,& *imneys huge1 & til$ & tall4 ,b ^! difficulties are ! lea/ tr\blesome to adju/1 if ! walls are good1 & ceil+s ( a fair mod]n height4 ,x may !n be a bett] *oice to adapt su* a h\se to ! pres5t cultivat$ ta/es & requirem5ts1 ?an to build anew f ! f\ndation4 ,9 ! plans1 ! dott$ l9es %[ ! c5t]s ( ! old p>titions4 ,six feet h be5 add$ to ! l5g? ( ! w+1 ?us improv+ ! kit*5 accommodations4 ,?is h\se is situat$ "s fifte5 miles f ! great comm]cial metropolis1 on "o ( ! new l9es ( ,railroad1 & 9 a locality ( easy access to ,new ,york bus9ess m54 ,,design ,no4 #bb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fg4--,/able4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fh4--,plan4 ,?is /able may be con/ruct$ ei!r ( wood1 or ( /one4 ,x conta9s /alls = f\r horses1 & af=ds space = _! accommodation1 toge!r ) a h>ness room & a tool closet4 ,?is latt] is a conv5i5ce v ess5tial to ! com=t ( ! own]1 z well z to ! prop] c>e & pres]vation ( su* implem5ts z belong especially to ! c>riage h\se & /able4 ,?is build+ %\ld be surr\nd$ & scre5$ ) fruit trees & %rubb]y1 & !n1 ) its evid5t ar*itectural effects1 x w become an attractive feature 9 ! l&scape ( :i* x becomes a "p1 ) ! o!r accessories ( ! elegant c\ntry home4 ,,design ,no4 #bc4 ,,f5ces4 ,9 spite ( all laws to ! contr>y1 cattle w intrude ^u "o's prop]ty1 & ea* & all mu/ at great exp5se build & ma9ta9 f5ces = _! own protection4 ,!re has n z yet be5 devis$ any practicable mode by :i* ! enorm\s sums annually sp5t 9 f5c+ might be sav$4 ,! !ory advanc$1 t x is *eap] = ea* to f5ce 8 cattle 91 ?an to f5ce 8 neighbor's out1 has n z yet be5 practically illu/rat$1 if we except a few suburban localities4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fi4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gj4 ,fig4 #fi repres5ts a sub/antial f5ce1 ) a panel$ base1 ( simple con/ruction1 & yet q effective 9 appe>ance4 ,9 ,fig4 #gj ! "w is some:at m elaborate1 :ile ! base is ( /one1 or brick4 ,ea* engrav+ %[s two panels1 ) a gate 9 ! c5tre4 ,) *e/nut or c$> po/s1 ! pickets cut f #a-a_/b in* plank1 & ! :ole kept pa9t$1 su* a f5ce w\ld la/ _m ye>s4 ,,design ,no4 #bd4 ,,resid5ce ,,( ,,*>les ,f4 ,,p>k1 ,,esq4 ,?is resid5ce ( :i* we %[ only ! floor plans1 occupies a comm&+ position on ! nor!rn end ( ! ,palisades1 on ! we/]n side ( ! ,hudson1 "s tw5ty miles above ! city ( ,new ,york1 ! riv]1 m\nta91 & inl& views f :i* are exce$+ly f9e1 embrac+ ! villages ( ,dobbs' ,f]ry1 ,irv+ton1 ,t>ryt[n1 ,s+ ,s+1 ,pi]mont1 ,nyack1 & ,tappan1 z well z ,tappan ,zee & ,hav]/raw ,bay1 ! di/ant ,highl&s ( ! ,hudson1 & ! beautiful valleys ( ! ,sp>kill & ! ,hack5sack1 a section ( c\ntry ri* 9 hi/oric associations1 & highly appreciat$ by ^? :o seek suburban homes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ga4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gb4--,second ,floor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gc4--,?ird ,floor4 ,?is h\se 0 design$ pr9cipally = a summ] resid5ce1 be+ ne>ly fifty feet squ>e1 ) wide halls & spaci\s v]&ah1 & commodi\s & well v5tilat$ sleep+ ap>tm5ts1 ! plans %[+ ! arrangem5t ( rooms4 ,! /yle ( ar*itecture select$ is t g5]ally kn[n z ! ,rural ,go?ic1 :i*1 p]haps1 is ! mo/ useful & mo/ beautiful ( any t are adapt$ to ! requirem5ts ( our climate4 ,! almo/ squ>e =m ( ! plan is "o ( ! mo/ difficult to treat successfully 9 ?is /yle1 yet has be5 c>ri$ out 9 ! mo/ satisfactory mann]4 ,?is /yle admits ( an almo/ nev]-end+ v>iety ( =m & proportion1 & 9 effects ( light & %ad[ at all h\rs ( day is unequal$4 ,its comp>ative exp5se b little exce$s ! hipp$ & ,mans>d ro(s4 ,! build+ is con/ruct$ 9 ! mo/ ?or\gh & workman-l mann]1 & is z well adapt$ = a w9t] resid5ce z = summ]4 ,! frame is built 9 ! balloon /yle1 7! /ronge/ kn[n =m ( fram+17 ) deep /udd+ fill$ 9 ) brick1 hav+ d\ble air *amb]s1 is ?or\ghly f9i%$ ?r\gh\t1 is cov]$ ) a slate ro(1 & fulfills all ! requirem5ts ( a sub/antial & commodi\s c\ntry resid5ce4 ,,design ,no4 #be4 ,,c>riage ,,h\se ,,& ,,/able4 ,! accompany+ design = a c>riage h\se & /able af=ds ab\t ! same am\nt ( accommodation z ,design #bb4 ,! arrangem5t1 h[ev]1 is some:at diff]5t1 & ! ext]ior q unlike x4 ,9 ?is plan ! portion appropriat$ to ! /alls is m ample1 & ! means = v5tilation abundant4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gd4--,/able4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ge4--,/able ,plan4 ,,design ,no4 #bf4 ,,resid5ce ,,( ,,?os4 ,h4 ,,/\t1 ,,esq41 ,,irv+ton1 ,,on ,,! ,,hudson4 ,irv+ton is a not$ locality = ! high] grades ( c\ntry homes1 !re be+ _m f9e examples ( sub/antial1 roomy1 & elegantly appo9t$ mansions4 ,f> )9 ! gradually ext5d+ circle :i* limits ! daily int]c\rse ( ! bus9ess man to ! city ( ,new ,york1 x has become1 9 virtue ( its position1 heal?fulness1 f9e sc5]y1 & ease ( access1 "o ( ! mo/ favor$ ( ! suburbs ( ?is city2 a city ^: rapid increase ( population & correspond+ decreas+ com=ts 9 conveyance f "o portion to ano!r1 is turn+ ! att5tion ( ^? :o l ease ( transit1 & ! quiet & heal? ( ! c\ntry1 to a resid5ce among its beautiful & attractive suburbs4 ,:at ! la/ t5 ye>s h accompli%$ 9 introduc+ rapid & reliable communication1 & build+ up & improv+ ! c\ntry ab\t ,new ,york1 w probably be repeat$ sev]al times ov] 9 ! next decade4 ,an impetus has be5 giv5 to rural life1 t w increase ) e facility t is (f]$1 & x w n be _m ye>s be=e ! suburbs ( ,new ,york w comp>e ) any city 9 ! _w2 & we "q1 ev5 n[1 if else:]e c be f\nd a suburban locality comp>able ) ! ea/ bank ( ! ,hudson1 f ,new ,york to ! ,highl&s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gf4--,resid5ce ( ,?os4 ,h4 ,/\t1 ,esq41 ,irv+ton1 on ! ,hudson4 ,! accompany+ engrav+s illu/rate a c\ntry h\se t embraces _m ( ! be/ features ( ext]ior v>iety1 & int]ior compactness & conv5i5ce4 ,! workman%ip & mat]ials ?r\gh\t h be5 ( ! be/ description1 & no pa9s h be5 sp>$ to make x fir/ class 9 e respect4 ,situat$ on ! slope ( ! ea/]n bank ( ! ,hudson1 x ov]looks ! broad expanse ( ,tappan ,zee1 & comm&s ! views peculi> to ?is locality1 t rea* f ! ,highl&s to ! ocean4 ,to build well1 & to d s at a l[ price1 is always desirable2 & to build arti/ically1 impos+ly1 attractively1 does n imply elaborate f9i% or pr(use ornam5t4 ,s& pap] & decoration w nev] make an ill-proportion$ build+ attractive to an educat$ ta/e1 :ile a r\gh ext]ior ( h>moni\s l9es & =ms w pass curr5t ) ^? :o h an eye to ! arti/ic4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important lessons t ! art /ud5t le>ns is t ( effect2 t effects c n be produc$ by smoo?ly f9i%$ surfaces or details2 & t 9 ar*itecture1 z well z 9 sculpture or pa9t+1 !re mu/ be a /rong bold mann] ( execution1 :5 !re is a desire to convey an impression ( /r5g? or p[]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gg4--;,cell>4 ,:]e /one is conv5i5tly obta9$ z a build+ mat]ial1 its use 9 rural ar*itecture des]ves f> m consid]ation ?an is usually be/[$ on x2 & 9 its un*isell$1 qu>ri$ =m x becomes desirable 9 an economical po9t ( view4 ,!re is an impos+ gr&eur 9 ! unhewn /one t ass]ts its pres5ce 9 bo? ne> & di/ant views1 &1 ) ! prop] comb9ations ( proportion1 & light & %ade1 w illu/rate ! f9e/ ar*itectural effects4 ,prevail+ prejudices are too apt to consid] x n only *eap1 b inf]ior 9 protection & durability to f9ely wr\ght surfaces & smoo?1 close-fitt+ jo9ts4 ,we are too apt to e/imate ! value & beauty ( a /one h\se by ! am\nt ( labor lavi%$ on its ext]ior1 z if ! *isel possess$ ! p[] to make ! jo9ts m imp5etrable1 & be/[$ an endurance comm5surate ) ! /ory ( exp5se t x tells4 ,s long z we build well & hone/ly1 ) a prop] reg>d to protection f ! wea!r1 9 a sub/antial & workmanlike mann]1 good ta/e & s\nd s5se w uphold ! use ( qu>ri$ rock1 & discov] a p]man5t /r5g? & p[] 9 ?is ,cyclopean masonry t elaborately f9i%$ surfaces & delicately wr\ght ornam5ts fail to express4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gh4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,dress$ 9 squ>$ blocks & hamm]$ l9es1 /one becomes an exp5sive build+ mat]ial1 & pref]5ce is !n giv5 to some?+ else less co/ly2 b if us$ 9 its qu>ri$ =m1 irregul> 9 size & %ape1 x becomes1 :]ev] conv5i5tly obta9$1 among ! economical mat]ials us$ = build+1 & is unsurpass$ = its impressiv5ess & durability4 ,no pa9t is requir$ to pres]ve x f ! wea!r1 & no color is s good z ! color ( ! /one2 "t s(t5s its t9ts1 & ! clamb]+ v9e t lays hold ( ! massive walls is a decoration beyond ! res\rces ( ar*itecture4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gi4--,second ,floor4 ,if a build+1 says ,mr4 ,rusk91 be "u ! m>k ( av]age magnitude1 x is n 9 our p[] to increase its app>5t size by any proportionate dim9ution 9 ! scale ( its masonry2 b x may be (t5 9 our p[] to give x a c]ta9 nobility by build+ x ( massy /ones1 or1 at all ev5ts1 introduc+ su* into its make4 ,?us x is impossible t !re %\ld ev] be maje/y 9 a cottage built ( brick2 b !re is a m>k$ elem5t ( sublimity 9 ! rude & irregul> pil+ ( ! rocky walls ( ! m\nta9 cottages ( ,wales1 ,cumb]l&1 & ,scotl&4 ,& if ! nobility ( ?is confess$ & natural masonry 7 m commonly felt1 we %\ld n lose ! dignity ( x by smoo?+ surfaces & fitt+ jo9ts4 ,! sums :i* we wa/e 9 *isell+ & poli%+ /ones1 :i* w\ld h be5 bett] left z !y came f ! qu>ry1 w\ld (t5 raise a build+ a /ory high]4 ,!re is also a magnific5ce 9 ! natural cleavage ( ! /one to :i* ! art mu/ inde$ be great1 t pret5ds to be equival5t2 & a /]n expression ( bro!rhood ) ! m\nta9 he>t f :i* x has be5 r5t1 ill-ex*ang$ = a gli/]+ ob$i5ce to ! rule & measure ( m54 ,8 eye mu/ be delicate inde$ :o w\ld desire to see ! ,pitti ,palace poli%$4 ,,design ,no4 #bg4 ,a ,,*apt] ,,on ,,gates4 ,we pres5t 9 ! foll[+ designs1 sev]al illu/rations ( ! pr9ciple ( ! truss appli$ to wood5 gates4 ,x 0 describ$ by u1 sev]al ye>s ago 9 ! ,c\ntry ,g5tleman4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ha4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hc4 ,s9ce !n1 9 our pr(essional rambles1 we h accid5tally notic$ "s ?irty gates erect$ aft] ^! designs 9 diff]5t sections ( ! c\ntry1 &1 = aught we "k to ! contr>y1 x is "o ( ! mo/ popul> gates t sw+4 ,! pr9ciple ( ?is gate is be/ %[n 9 figure #hj1 & consi/s ( f\r panels ( braces cross+ ea* o!r1 & held firmly 9 position by five iron rods1 :i* c be tight5$ by ! screws at ! bottom4 ,! braces are n t5on$1 & !re are no nails ab\t ! gate4 ,!re c be no sagg+ "u any circum/ances2 b %\ld su* a ?+ occur f unequal %r9kage1 x c easily be rem$i$ by plac+ a ?9 /rip ( wood or %eet lead "u ! foot ( ! braces runn+ =w>d4 ,!re is economy 9 ! con/ruction ( ^! gates1 z !y c be made ) a less numb] ( jo9ts1 & great] /r5g? & /iffness secur$ ) light] mat]ials1 ?an 9 any o!r /yle ( gate we "k (4 ,! pr9ciple is ! "o us$ 9 railroad bridges & ro(s ( great span1 & our own exp]i5ce ) !m1 hav+ built & te/$ all ! gates "h illu/rat$1 is1 t !y possess v decid$ m]its4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #he4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hf4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hi4 ,fig4 #ha is ! pr9cipal entrance gate to "o ( ! f9e/ e/ates on ! ,hudson1 above ,t>ryt[n1 & al?\gh simil> 9 appe>ance to figure #hb1 has "s v decid$ diff]5ces1 ! cross braces 9 ?is case rea*+ only to a second rail2 ! rods1 h[ev]1 pass ?r\gh to ! bottom2 x is mu* m elaborate 9 workman%ip1 & ! addition ( a m\ld+ on ! top & bottom w\ld increase its effect4 ,fig4 #hd is ! entrance gate at ! ,new ,w9dsor1 ,n4 ,y41 ,p>sonage1 & has be5 hang+ six ye>s )\t a p]ceptible *ange4 ,! braces 9 ?is are "o in* squ>e & d\bl$2 !y are n halv$1 b cross ea* o!r1 two "o way & "o ! o!r1 9 ! mann] %[n 9 figure #he4 ,!re is no o!r mode ( con/ruct+ gates 9 :i* ru/ic "w c be made su* good use (4 ,! *ief objection to all ?+s made 9 ! ru/ic mann] is1 t !y soon fall to pieces1 limbs %r9k & twi/1 & nails d n hold2 b a ru/ic gate held toge!r by iron rods w rema9 good until ! la/ brace has decay$4 ,fig4 #hf is ! pr9cipal entrance gate to "o ( ! mo/ f9ely f9i%$ c\ntry seats on ,newburgh ,bay4 ,figs4 #hg1 #hh1 & #hi1 illu/rate a novel /yle ( h+e1 peculi>ly adapt$ to ?is gate1 & is really /rong] ?an any o!r4 ,x requires less iron & less blacksmi? "w4 ,fig4 #hg %[s ! top h+e corn]1 & figure #hh ! bottom h+e corn]4 ,! iron :i* secures ?is end ( ! gate1 passes ?r\gh bo? top & bottom h+e1 & b9ds !m & ! gate securely toge!r4 ,! additional fa/5+s = h+e are made ) c>riage-bolts4 ,no?+ b a p[] beyond ! enorm\s t5sile /r5g? ( iron & ! compressible /r5g? ( wood1 w cause ! gates to yield 9 ord9>y use4 ,fig4 #hi is a p]spective view ( ! h+e1 %[+ h[ x may be c\nt]-sunk1 & ?us almo/ entirely conceal$4 ,figs4 #hj1 #ha1 #hb1 & #hc1 also %[ ! h+e1 & f\r diff]5t /yles ( /one gate pi]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ij4 ,fig4 #ij is int5d$ = a f>m gate4 ,! cross rails are secur$ by c>riage-bolts pass$ ?r\gh !m & ! ma9 braces4 ,ea* end ( ! gate has an iron rod only1 :i* is made heavi] ?an ! o!rs1 & saves fram+4 ,! h+e is made by hav+ ! iron rod project beyond ! bolt head & nut1 & ! upp] end is pass$ into an eye1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ia1 :i* is screw$ into ! po/2 ! l[] end is po9t$1 & is plac$ 9 a /one z %[n1 or x may re/ on solid iron ( simil> =m to ! eye4 ,any intellig5t labor]1 ) an axe & aug]1 c1 ) ! iron "w1 make ^! f>m gates4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ia4 ,?is pr9ciple ( con/ruct+ gates admits ( an inf9ite v>iety ( designs2 ^? giv5 are m]ely sugge/ive4 ,x admits ( all classes ( workman%ip1 f ! pla9e/ to ! mo/ elaborate1 f ! simple/ f>m gate to ^? requir$ = ! f9i%$ p>k1 & 9 beauty1 /r5g?1 & economy /&s unequal$4 ,fig4 #ib & #ic4--,plan & elevation ( an entrance gate1 :i* we h execut$ 9 oak1 & pres5ts an effective appe>ance4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ib4--;,elevation ( ,entrance ,gate4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ic4--,plan4 ,,design ,no4 #bh4 ,,resid5ce ,,( ,,tri/ram ,,all51 ,,esq41 ,,rav5swood1 ,n4 ,y4 ,! accompany+ view ( ,mr4 ,all5's h\se is a good example ( ! me?od ( add+ to a dwell+ :i* has ceas$ to be ( suffici5t capacity = ! requirem5ts ( ! family4 ,by ref]5ce to ! basem5t or cell> plan1 ! outl9e ( ! old h\se & ! f\ndation ( ! new w be di/9ctly se54 ,! addition trans=ms ! cottage to a villa1 & 9 a mann] :i* pres]ves ! proportions z h>moni\sly z if ! :ole _h be5 erect$ at "o "t & f "o plan1 ?us illu/rat+ a prom95t advantage 9 ?is /yle ( ar*itecture1 :i* admits m freely ?an any o!r1 successive additions1 :i*1 :5 prop]ly design$1 add to ! v>iety ( outl9e1 & its beauty ( light & %ade4 ,! diff]5t floor plans %[ ! arrangem5ts ( rooms & _! connection ) ! orig9al build+1 :i*1 x w be se51 are conv5i5t & compact4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #id4--,p]spective4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ie4--;,basem5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #if4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ig4--,second ,floor4 ,rav5swood is "o ( ! mo/ elegant ( ! suburbs ( ,new ,york1 be+ ne> at h&1 & hav+ frequ5t & rapid communication ) ! city4 ,situat$ on ! ,long ,isl& %ore1 opposite ! c5tre ( ,manhattan ,isl&1 ov]look+ ! great metropolis & its outly+ cities1 ( easy access to ! ,c5tral ,p>k by ! ,hell ,gate ,f]ry1 amid all ! ref9em5t ( f9e g>d5s1 poli%$ l&scape sc5]y1 & ar*itectural ta/e1 x pres5ts at once all ! enjoym5ts t a comb9ation ( city & c\ntry life c af=d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ih4--;,attic4 ,,design ,no4 #bi4 ,,resid5ce ,,( ,,l9dley ,m4 ,,f]ris1 ,,esq41 ,,ne> ,,p\ghkeepsie1 ,n4 ,y4 ,! resid5ce ( ,mr4 ,f]ris1 ( :i* we give ! plans only1 is locat$ s\? ( ! city ( ,p\ghkeepsie1 & almo/ or q )9 its suburbs4 ,! surr\nd+ e/ate1 ( #aej acres ( h&somely roll+ l&1 possesses all ! attractions ( beauty & f]tility s g5]ally aw>d$ to ! f9] portions ( ,dut*ess c\nty4 ,9 ! imm$iate vic9ity are "s ( ! highly f9i%$ & well-kept c\ntry seats :i* adorn ?is portion ( ! ,hudson1 & make up ! attractions :i* ta/e & ref9em5t always add to c\ntry life4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ii4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,! object aim$ at 9 ! design ( ?is h\se1 0 t ( a sub/antial & commodi\s mansion1 suit$ to ! requirem5ts ( a l>ge family1 & t %\ld express its purpose 9 ! simple/ mann] at a mod]ate exp5se4 ,x 0 !re=e desirable to avoid all co/ly irregul>ity ( =m1 & all ! fanciful v>ieties ( gimcracks4 ,! /yle select$ z be/ illu/rat+ ?is purpose is ! ,*ateau ro(1 ,l\is ,,xv /yle2 ! ma9 build+ be+ #dc feet squ>e1 ) a re> addition #be by #bi feet2 ! plan illu/rat+ ! arrangem5t ( rooms1 v]&ah1 etc4 ,! fir/ floor gives d\ble p>lors1 7"o ( :i* may be us$ z a b$-room or libr>y17 a sitt+-room or reception-room1 d9+-room1 & a l>ge kit*51 ) necess>y closets1 an inclos$ v]&ah1 wat] closets1 etc4 ,! second floor1 ma9 build+1 gives f\r l>ge b$ rooms & two small] rooms = o!r purposes1 & 9 ! re> are f\r s]vants' rooms & a ba?-room4 ,! attic /ory1 ma9 build+1 has n[ five rooms1 f9i%$ ) closets1 & two rooms m c be add$ by putt+ up two p>titions4 ,^! upp] rooms1 9 a ro( ( ?is "*1 are cool1 well v5tilat$1 well light$1 & agreeable 9 w>m wea!r1 !re be+ roomy air *amb]s betwe5 ! attic ceil+ & ! upp] ro(1 & also betwe5 ! walls ( ! rooms & ! out] wall ( ! h\se4 ,!re is b little diff]5ce 9 ! value ( ^! rooms & ^? on ! floor bel[1 except conv5i5ce ( access4 ,! h\se is built ( brick1 9 a fir/ class mann]1 ! l[] ro( slate1 ! upp] "o be+ t92 is ?or\ghly f9i%$ ?r\gh\t1 & is 9 all respects a conv5i5t1 durable1 & comm&+ /ructure1 giv+ ! l>ge/ am\nt ( room 9 a desirable & attractive =m1 ) ! mo/ economy ( means4 ,x is situat$ on a knoll ov]look+ all ! surr\nd+ gr\nds1 :i* include a numb] ( o!r f9e sites1 "o or two ( :i*1 we ?9k1 ev5 m desirable ?an ! "o select$4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 an easy matt] to *oose "o f a doz5 sites1 ea* almo/ equally good4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajj4--,second ,floor4 ,a new road is n[ be+ laid ?r\gh ^! & ! adjo9+ premises1 to connect two ( ! pr9cipal drives s\?w>d f ,p\ghkeepsie1 :i* :5 complet$1 w add a new attraction to ! beautiful suburbs ( ?is city4 ,! views f ! gr\nds1 m p>ticul>ly f ! top ( ! h\se1 are v>i$ & ext5sive4 ,! m\nta9 panorama1 :i* sweeps ?ree-f\r?s ( ! horizon1 beg9n+ ) ! ,fi%kill m\nta9s1 & end+ ) ! ,catskills1 is exce$+ly f9e4 ,! ea/]n view embraces ! ,vass> ,female ,college1 ! noble gift ( ,mat!w ,vass>1 ,esq41 to ! cause ( female education4 ,9 ! =egr\nd & middle di/ance are ! ri* roll+ l&scapes ( ,dut*ess & ! f]tile hillsides ( ,ul/] c\nties1 ! glitt]+ spires ( ,p\ghkeepsie1 ! lordly ,hudson1 & s\!rly are se5 ! fam\s ,beacons & ! ,highl& ,pass1 ,:]e ,hudson's wave o'er silv]y s&s ,w9ds ?r\gh ! hills af>4 ,,design ,no4 #cj4 ,,model ,,suburban ,,cottage--,,9 ,,! ,,old ,,engli% ,,or ,,rural ,,go?ic ,,/yle4 ,,by ,,fr$]ick ,s4 ,,copley1 ,,arti/1 ,,tompk9sville1 ,s4 ,i4 ,! g5]al appe>ance ( ?is ,cottage1 z se5 f ! road1 is %[n 9 ! engrav+1 7,fig4 #aja47 :i* is a p]spective view ( ! ,nor? & ,ea/ ,fronts4 ,x is situat$ at ,montrose1 on ! lake-l %ores ( ,hemp/ead ,h>bor1 ne> ! village ( ,roslyn1 ,long ,isl&1 a spot not$ = its beauty & heal?fulness4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aja4--,p]spective4 ,size ( build+1 #dd by #ch feet4 ,pr9cipal ,plan 7,fig4 #ajc47 #aj feet high4 ,p4 %[s a recess$ por*1 ) d\ble doors ( oak1 7oil$7 ! out] ones op51 to be clos$ only at night & /ormy wea!r1 beh9d ! "o on ! "r is a space = wet umbrellas1 c41 ! inn] doors h glaz$ panels to give light )91 & %\ld always be clos$4 ,v4 is ! ve/ibule1 conta9+ a spiral /aircase1 ) walnut /eps & rail 7oil$74 ,! floor laid ) encau/ic tiles1 ) ceil+ gro9$1 & walls f9i%$ 9 imitation ( /one 9 ! s& coat4 ,on ! left 7"u ! /airs7 is a private door op5+ into a lobby1 fitt$ ) wa%-bas91 wat]1 c41 & light$ by a n>r[ w9d[1 t also s]ves to light ! front basem5t /airs1 s t a s]vant c\ld answ] a call1 at ei!r front or back doors1 )\t pass+ ?r\gh ! c5tral hall2 :i* w\ld n only be m conv5i5t = !m1 b w\ld be to ! family & gue/s1 especially 9 "t ( company1 :5 ! hall w\ld =m a c5tral room1 by clos+ ! doors t lead to ! /airs3 nor w\ld ?is int]f]e 9 ! lea/ ) ! dome/ics1 or _! duties3 z !y c g f cell> to attic )\t di/urb+ ! privacy ( a s+le room3 & ! gue/s c\ld asc5d1 unse5 to ! dress+ rooms above1 7f ei!r entrance7 or dep>t 9 ! same mann]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajb4--;,fir/ ,floor4 ,! hall scre51 sep>at+ ! ve/ibule1 %\ld be ( real oak1 7oil$7 & light$ 9 ! panels ) /a9$ glass1 :i* w\ld imp>t a s(t & pleasant light to ! hall1 & produce a f9e effect on ei!r side1 day or night4 ,! hall is "h plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! plan1 & s happily arrang$ are ! doors & rooms1 z n only to give x a symmetrical effect1 b to unite ! :ole1 en suite1 )\t di/urb+ ! individuality ( ei!r4 ,also1 ! hall lamp & /ove w\ld light & w>m1 equally1 e room1 besides passage1 ve/ibule1 & /airs4 ,! cloak closet is 9 ! passage :i* conta9s ! back /airs4 ,p4 is ! ,p>lor1 :i* w\ld be ! favorite liv+ room 9 ! summ]1 z x faces ! nor?1 & has a l>ge bay-w9d[ comm&+ a f9e view d[n ! h>bor to ! s\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajc4--,second ,floor4 ,l4 is ! ,libr>y1 & liv+ room1 connect$ ) ! p>lor by slid+ doors1 ) recess$ book-cases1 on ea* side1 & ! same on ! sides ( ! bay-w9d[1 "h fac+ ! s\?1 & possess+ a beautiful view ( ! bay & hills1 ) ! village 9 ! di/ance1 :i* make x ! favorite qu>t]s 9 w9t]1 be+ fully expos$ to ! g5ial influ5ces ( ! sun dur+ ! abs5ce ( foliage at t season4 ,on ! "r ( ! mantel is a private closet = plate1 pap]s1 c41 bo? ^! rooms h w9d[s op5+ on ! we/ v]&a1 ) a f9e view across ! h>bor4 ,d4 is ! ,d9+ room1 & a mo/ *e]ful "o1 7z x %\ld be17 ) a l>ge ornam5tal w9d[ on ! ea/1 admitt+ ! morn+ sun1 & a f9e bay-w9d[ on ! nor?1 look+ d[n ! road & h>bor1 possess+ a *>m+ prospect ( l& & wat]4 ,to h>monize ) ! bay 7on ! o!r end7 is ! sidebo>d recess ) a dumb-wait] on ! "r1 & a *9a closet on ! left2 on "o side ( ! mantel is ! door op5+ into ! lobby1 :i* communicates ) ! hall1 & basem5t plan bel[1 & fitt$ ) wa%-bas91 wat]1 c41 :i* w\ld be f\nd mo/ conv5i5t to wa% h&s or glasses1 delicate or valuable articles ( use n wi%$ to be tru/$ to c>eless s]vants4 ,x w be se5 t ! ?ree bay-w9d[s on ?is plan1 are ( diff]5t =ms1 & ea* fitt$ ) inside %utt]s4 ,c4 is ! pr9cipal *amb]1 or b\doir1 fac+ s\? & ea/1 ) f9e l>ge w9d[s 9 ea*4 ,! "o on ! s\? has closets on ea* side1 & op5s into ! cons]vatory1 mak+ ?is a mo/ delightful ladies'-"w-room4 ,x w be se5 t all ! rooms on ?is floor1 al?\gh n l>ge1 are ( ! mo/ com=table size1 p]fect & elegantly proportion$1 & arrang$ ) e conceivable conv5i5ce requisite = ! enjoym5t ( all ! com=ts & luxuries ( life4 ,*amb] ,plan 7,fig4 #ajc47 is n9e feet high1 & 9 keep+ ) ! re/1 9 its admirable arrangem5ts1 furni%+ five excell5t rooms1 ) a ba? room1 conv5i5t to all1 fitt$ ) ! late/ improvem5ts1 7! wat] closet enclos$1 & v]tical pipes1 :i* w\ld make freez+ impossible74 ,! f\r pr9cipal rooms are ab\t equal 9 size & attractiv5ess1 z !y possess ! same f9e views z ! correspond+ ones b5ea?1 & ea* f9i%$ ) fire-places & ample closet room4 ,! small room w9d[s op5 on a balcony1 ) a *>m+ view ( ! bay2 & w\ld af=d an agreeable l\nge 9 summ] ev5+s1 to enjoy ! sett+ sun1 or cool breeze4 ,all ! rooms on ^! two floors 7except ! la/7 to be fitt$ ) ,dixon's pat5t grates1 & ,arnott's v5tilat+ valves1 :i* w\ld secure sweet1 heal?y1 & w>m rooms1 )\t draughts4 ,! hall1 z w be se51 is well light$ & v5tilat$1 n only by ! /aircase w9d[1 on ! nor?1 b by ! v5tilat+ sa%-lights ov] ! doors ( e-room2 ! ba? room door is also light$ 9 ! panel ) gr\nd glass4 ,betwe5 ! doors1 on ! ea/ side1 is ! lift1 or dumb-wait]1 & du/ regi/]1 :i* be+ 9 ! c5tre ( ! plan1 is ( equal conv5i5ce to all4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajd4--;,attic & ,ro(4 ,fig4 #ajd4 ,ro( & attic plan4 ,! attic conta9s five good rooms = ! accommodation ( ! s]vants1 /or+ fruit1 trunks1 c41 & dry+ clo!s4 ,z ?is plan has ! same c5tral arrangem5ts z all ! re/1 consequ5tly ! same advantages 9 economy ( space1 & ( direct & easy access to e room1 /airs1 c4 ,! l&+ "h is light$ 9 ! same way z ! hall bel[1 & by ! same /aircase w9d[1 ) ! addition ( a l>ge sky-light & v5tilator 9 ! c5tre1 :i* w\ld keep ! rooms sweet & cool4 ,fig4 #aje1 %[s ! ,basem5t & ,cell> plan1 n9e feet high1 & conta9+ e requisite conv5i5ce = ! dome/ic duties ( a family4 ,z !y are on ! same level1 & "u ! pr9cipal /ory1 ! noise & smell ( ! kit*5 w\ld be exclud$4 ,! g>d5 entrance is %[n by ! /eps on ! s\?we/ corn] ( area1 :i* ext5ds ! :ole ( ! we/ side1 r\nd to ! hall door on ! s\?2 & cov]$ by v]&ah1 w\ld make ^! rooms dry1 cool1 & pleasant1 z !y are b little bel[ gr\nd1 & well light$ on two sides1 ) a l>ge bay-w9d[ 9 ea*2 ! nor? bay fitt$ ) wa%-tubs1 z ?is kit*5 is int5d$ z a back "o1 or scull]y1 & = cook+ 9 dur+ ! heat ( summ]1 x has a s9k closet on ! left ( ! fire-place1 & dress] & %elves = pots & pans on ! s\? side1 by :i*1 is a door op5+ into ! basem5t1 & "o out on ! area4 ,! basem5t w\ld be a *e]ful room1 fac+ ! s\? ) a l>ge bay-w9d[ ) seats & inside %utt]s1 on ! opposite side is a dress] fitt$ ) plate rack1 c4 ,on ! ea/ is ! range & pantry2 beh9d ! range1 9 ! hall1 is a w>m closet = clo!s1 %oes1 c41 & opposite1 "u ! /airs1 is a d>k "o1 = potatoes4 ,at ! nor? end ( ! hall1 7& beh9d ! scull]y1 fire-place1 c47 is ! furnace room & front basem5t /airs4 ,on ! ea/ side ( ! hall is ! dumb-wait]1 or lift4 ,! coal cell> has two b9s plac$ "u ! %oots1 = l>ge & small coal1 ) two on ! ea/ side = a%es & wood4 ,aga9/ ! middle w9d[ is a wire gauze safe1 = cook$ meats1 c42 betwe5 ?is & ! w9e cell> is ! dairy2 ! o!r division is = /ores 9 g5]al4 ,all ! p>titions are made op51 s z to admit ! free circulation ( light & air4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aje4--;,basem5t & ,cell>4 ,on obs]v+ ! relative position ( ! diff]5t doors & w9d[s1 9 ! sev]al plans1 x w be f\nd t ! h\se may be v5tilat$ by ?r\gh drafts 9 e direction at pleasure2 a luxury to be appreciat$ 9 ! heat ( summ]4 ,also1 by c>ry+ ! lift1 or dumb-wait]1 to ! top ( ! h\se1 & communicat+ ) e floor1 its full value w\ld be secur$1 besides =m+ a v5tilat+ %aft = ! :ole build+1 f cell> to attic4 ,ano!r valuable labor-sav+ conv5i5ce 7next to ! wat]-works & lift7 is ! du/ %oot1 :i* is simply a t9 tube1 ) regi/]s 9 ! floors ( ! diff]5t plans1 to sweep ! du/ into1 f ! rooms1 :]e x desc5ds to ! cell>1 & is caught 9 a b>rel1 to be remov$ :5 full4 ,x is "h plac$ 9 ! hall1 by ! side ( ! lift1 on e floor1 :i* by ?is c5tral arrangem5t is at ! door ( e room4 ,con/ruction1 al?\gh ( wood1 is made ne>ly fire pro(1 by mak+ ! floors1 walls1 p>titions & /airs solid4 ,! walls & pr9cipal p>titions are =m$ ( slats ( "o in* ?ick by f\r in*es broad1 securely nail$ "o on ! o!r1 s z to =m a "o in* groove on bo? sides1 to pla/] on4 ,?is =ms a good /rong six in* solid wall1 fire & v]m9 pro(1 & dry] ?an any built ( /one or brick4 ,! /airs to h _! skeletons ( iron "w1 fill$ 9 solid ) cem5t4 ,! floors ( basem5t & entry to be ( e>!nw>e tiles1 ! kit*5 & cell> cem5t$4 ,t ( ! pr9cipal plan1 7=m+ ! ceil+ ( ! basem5t1 c41 ! seat ( dang]17 %\ld be =m$ ( brick1 ar*$ on iron gird]s1 & fill$ up ) cem5t1 & laid ) l>*1 7z t burns less freely ?an any o!r wood74 ,! hall1 c41 to be laid ) encau/ic tiles4 ,! floors ( ! *amb] plans %\ld h _! timb]s coat$ ) pla/] p>is1 & fill$ up ) mort> & laid ) l>*1 ! pla/]+ ( ! ceil+s1 c41 on wire gauze1 in/ead ( la?2 a slate ro(1 & ! walls ( ! basem5t plan ( holl[ brick1 & pla/]$ on ! inn] surface4 ,by ^! simple & inexp5sive means1 ! h\se w\ld be ne>ly fire pro(1 & life & prop]ty secure4 ,! ext]ior is cov]$ by a s& coat1 ( a *e]ful & ri* light br[n o*re t9t1 x be+ ! mo/ befitt+ = ! situation & design1 besides possess+ ! advantages ( economy1 & imp>t+ a m sub/antial effect1 x avoids t h>% & disagreeable gl>e & gli/5 ( pa9t4 ,,design ,no4 #ca4 ,! design on ! foll[+ page1 = a ,head ,/one1 0 publi%$ by u 9 ! ,may numb]1 #ahfd1 ( ! ,,horticulturi/4 ,x attract$ ! att5tion ( "o ( our mo/ intellig5t subscrib]s & valuable contributors 9 ,we/]n ,new ,york1 :o desir$ to set up1 9 _! beautiful ,cemet]y1 a memorial ( "o ( 8 h\sehold :o :o _h gone be=e4 ,! monum5t 0 execut$ 9 ?is city1 "u ! sup]vision ( ! fri5d :o furni%$ ! design = ! ,,horticulturi/4 ,x 0 cut f ! ,ca5 /one1 & ! execution 0 e way satisfactory4 ,! g5tleman = :om x 0 made says 9 a lett] advis+ ( its safe arrival3--,la/ week ,i _h x set 9 a solid f\ndation1 & my highe/ anticipations are m ?an realiz$4 ,i d n see h[ ! monum5t c\ld be bett]1 z to mat]ial1 design1 & inscriptions4 ,x is unique1 yet *a/e1 highly significant & satisfactory4 ,i h only words ( praise & feel+s ( gratitude = a result t s fully answ]s to my ideal4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajf4--;,head ,/one4 ,,balloon ,,frames4 ,if x _h n be5 = ! k ( balloon frames1 ,*icago & ,san ,francisco w\ld nev] h aris5 z !y did1 f little villages1 to great cities 9 a s+le ye>4--,,solon ,,rob9son4 ,9 ^! days ( ,,balloon+1 x is gratify+ to "k t !re is "o practically useful1 well te/$ pr9ciple1 :i* has ris5 above ! "* ( an exp]im5t1 & is de/9$ to hold an elevat$ position 9 ! op9ions ( ! masses4 ,t pr9ciple is ! "o :i* is te*nically1 z well z s>ca/ically1 t]m$ ,balloon ,fram+1 z appli$ to ! con/ruction ( all classes ( wood5 build+s4 ,! e>ly hi/ory ( ! ,balloon ,frame1 is some:at obscure1 !re be+ no well au!nticat$ /atem5ts ( its orig94 ,x may1 h[ev]1 be trac$ back to ! e>ly settlem5t ( our prairie c\ntries1 :]e x 0 impossible to obta9 heavy timb] & skillful me*anics1 & ! fact is pat5t to any "o :o has pass$ ?r\gh ! pleasures & ! vicissitudes ( ! life ( a pione]1 t 8 own necessities h indicat$ ! adoption ( "s pr9ciple 9 con/ruction1 t1 ) ! mat]ials he has at h&1 %all fulfill all ! necess>y conditions ( com=t1 /r5g? & protection4 ,to ^! circum/ances we mu/ aw>d ! e>ly conception ( ?is frame1 :i*1 ) subsequ5t additions & improvem5ts1 has l$ to its univ]sal adoption = build+s ( e class ?r\gh\t ! ,/ates & cities ( ! ,we/1 & on ! ,pacific coa/4 ,! ,balloon ,frame has = m ?an tw5ty ye>s be5 be=e ! build+ public4 ,its success1 adaptability1 & practicability1 h be5 fully demon/rat$4 ,its simple1 effective & economical mann] ( con/ruction1 has v mat]ially aid$ ! rapid settlem5t ( ! ,we/1 & plac$ ! art ( build+1 to a great ext5t1 )9 ! control ( ! pione]4 ,t necessity1 :i* mu/ d )\t ! aid ( ! me*anic or ! k ( 8 skill1 has develop$ a pr9ciple 9 con/ruction t has suffici5t m]it to w>rant its use by all :o wi% to erect 9 a *eap & sub/antial mann] any class ( wood5 build+s4 ,l all successful improvem5ts1 :i* ?rive on _! own m]its1 ! ,balloon ,frame has pass$ ?r\gh & surviv$ ! !ory1 ridicule & abuse ( all :o h se5 fit to attack x1 & may be reckon$ among ! prom95t inv5tions ( ! pres5t g5]ation1 an inv5tion nei!r fo/]$ nor develop$ by any hope ( great rew>ds1 b :i* pla9ly & boldly ackn[l$ges its orig9 9 necessity4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajg4--;,isometrical ,p]spective ,view ( ! ,balloon ,frame4 ,! increas+ value ( lumb] & labor1 mu/ turn ! att5tion ( m5 ( mod]ate means to ^? successful plans :i* h demon/rat$ economy 9 bo?1 & at ! same "t pres]v$ ! full qualities ( /r5g? & security s g5]ally accord$ to ! old fogy pr9ciples ( fram+1 & :i*1 we presume to say1 is inf]ior 9 all ! true requisites ( *eap & sub/antial build+4 ,light /icks1 un9jur$ by cutt+ mortices or t5ons1 a close basket-l mann] ( con/ruction1 %ort be>+s1 a cont9u\s support = ea* piece ( timb] f f\ndation to raft]1 & embrac+ & tak+ advantage ( ! practical fact1 t ! t5sile & compressible /r5g? ( p9e lumb] is equal to "o-fif? ( t ( wr\ght iron1 con/itute improvem5ts introduc$ ) ?is frame4 ,if1 9 erect+ a build+1 we c s use our mat]ials t e /ra9 w come 9 ! direction ( ! fibre ( "s portion ( ! wood "w1 we c make in* bo>ds answ] a bett] purpose ?an foot squ>e beams1 & ?is application ( mat]ials is "o reason ( ! /r5g? ( ,balloon ,frames4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajh4--;,floor ,plan4 ,! ,balloon ,frame belongs to no "o p]son2 nobody claims x z an inv5tion1 & yet 9 ! art ( con/ruction x is "o ( ! mo/ s5sible improvem5ts t has ev] be5 made4 ,t :i* has hi!rto call$ out a :ole neighborhood1 & requir$ a va/ exp5diture ( labor1 "t1 & noise1 c1 by ! adoption ( ! balloon frame1 be done ) all ! quietness & security ( an ord9>y day's "w4 ,a man & boy c n[ atta9 ! same results1 ) ease1 t tw5ty m5 c\ld on an old fa%ion$ frame4 ,! "n ( ,basket ,frame w\ld convey a bett] impression1 b ! "n ,balloon has long ago outliv$ ! d]ision :i* sugge/$ x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aji4--;,elevation ,section--mann] ( nail+--,a4 corn] /ud1 #d by #d--;,b4 joi/1 #c by #h--;,c4 /ud1 #b by #d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aaj4--;,d4 ,upp] ,edge ( ,joi/--,e4 ,/ud4 ,! mom5t ! f\ndation is prep>$1 & ! bill ( lumb] on ! gr\nd1 ! balloon frame is ready to raise1 & a man & boy c d all ( x4 ,! sills are g5]ally #c in*es by #h in*es1 halv$ at ! ends or corn]s1 & nail$ toge!r ) l>ge nails4 ,hav+ laid ! sills ^u ! f\ndation1 ! next ?+ 9 ord] is to put up ! /udd+4 ,use #d by #d /uds = corn]s & door po/s1 or spike two #b by #d /uds toge!r1 /& !m up1 set !m plumb1 & ) /ay la?s secure !m 9 position4 ,set up ! int]m$iate /uds1 :i* are #b by #d in*es1 & #af in*es betwe5 c5tres1 toe or nail !m diagonally to ! sill4 ,!n put 9 ! floor joi/s = fir/ floor1 ea* joi/ to be plac$ alongside ea* /ud1 & nail$ to x & to ! sill4 ,next measure ! height to ceil+1 & ) a *alk l9e m>k x ar\nd ! entire range ( /udd+2 bel[ ! ceil+ l9e not* ea* /ud "o in* deep & f\r in*es wide1 & into ?is1 flu% ) ! inside face ( ! /udd+1 nail an in* /rip f\r in*es wide4 ,?is not* may be cut be=e putt+ up ! /uds4 ,if ! frame be l9$ on ! inside1 x w n be necess>y to not* ! /rip into ! /uds1 b simply to nail x to ! /udd+2 ! object ( not*+ ! /udd+ is to pres5t a flu% surface = la?+1 z well z to =m a %\ld] or be>+ necess>y to su/a9 ! second floor2 bo? ( ^! are accompli%$ by l9+ inside ! /udd+--7= small b>ns & outbuild+s t d n require pla/]+1 nail ! /rip #a by #d to ! /udd+7--on ?is re/s ! joi/s ( ! second floor1 ! ends ( :i* come flu% to ! outside face ( ! /udd+1 & bo? ends ( ea* joi/ are securely nail$ to ea* /ud2 ! be>+ ( ! joi/ on ! in* /rip bel[ is close by ! /ud1 & ! in* /rip re/s on a %\ld] or l[] side ( ! not* cut to receive x4 ,?is be>+ is s /rong t ! joi/s w break be=e x w\ld yield4 ,hav+ rea*$ ! top ( ! build+1 ea* /ud is saw$ (f to an equal height2 if any are too %ort !y are splic$ by plac+ "o on top ( ! o!r1 & nail+ a /rip ( in* bo>d on bo? sides4 ,! wall plate1 #b by #d in*es1 is laid flat on top ( ! /udd+1 & nail$ to ea* /ud2 ! raft]s are !n put on2 !y are not*$1 all[+ ! ends to project outside = cornice1 c4 ,! be>+ ( ea* raft] comes directly ov] ! top ( ea* /ud1 & is nail$ to x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aaa4--,side ,elevation4--,g4 ,mann] ( splic+ sills4--,f4 ,mann] ( splic+ /uds4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aab4--;,end ,elevation4 ,a ,balloon ,frame looks light1 & its "n 0 giv5 9 contempt by ^? old fogy me*anics :o _h be5 br\ght up to rob a /ick ( timb] ( all its /r5g? & durability1 by cutt+ x full ( mortices1 t5ons & augur holes1 & !n suppos+ x to be /rong] ?an a f> light] /ick diff]5tly appli$1 & ) all its capabilities unimpair$4 ,prop]ly con/ruct$1 & ) timb] adapt$ to its purposes1 x w /& securely aga9/ ! fury ( ! elem5ts1 & answ] e purpose t an old fa%ion$ timb] frame is calculat$ to fulfill4 ,:5 ! build+ is support$ on po/s1 heavy sills are necess>y1 & ! frame %\ld be securely nail$ or spik$ toge!r4 ,! b5ts may be #af1 #bd or #cj in*es ap>t1 & cov]$ 9 ! usual mann]4 ,! ?ru/ ( bo? ! raft]s & cont5ts ( ! build+ are outw>d2 ! tie1 #a by #d1 is abundantly /rong1 z ea* "o w practically su/a91 9 ! direction ( its fibre1 ?ree tons4 ,! floor joi/s are nail$ to /uds at ea* end4 ,no "o ne$ fe> any lack ( p]fect security1 z ^! ties exce$ 9 /r5g? any hold t t5ons c\ld h4 ,fig4 #aac illu/rates ! mann] ( fram+ build+s ( "o /ory1 su* z are us$ ab\t almo/ e f>m or c\ntry seat1 z tool h\ses1 gran>ies1 wa%-h\ses1 spr+ h\ses1 c41 c4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aac4--;,isometrical ,p]spective ,balloon ,frame4 ,v small build+s1 if unpla/]$1 w n require ceil+ joi/s2 a tie at ea* end w be all-suffici5t4 ,mod]ate size build+s w be /rong en\gh if ! ceil+ joi/s are left out1 & coll>s put on half way up ! rise ( ! raft]4 ,accord+ to ! size & uses ( ! build+1 ! coll>s or ceil+ joi/s may be put on e raft]1 e o!r1 or e ?ird raft]2 floor joi/s %\ld be ab\t #af in*es betwe5 c5tres1 & ! /udd+ may be f #af in*es to #h feet ap>t2 9 ! la/ case only1 e six? floor joi/ is nail$ to ! /ud1 ! int]m$iate ones be+ arrang$ equally di/ant f ea* o!r betwe5 ! /udd+4 ,:]e ! /udd+ is plac$ wide ap>t1 ! plate mu/ necess>ily be heavi] to su/a9 ! ro(2 if v]tical sid+ be us$1 x %\ld be nail$ to ! sill & plate1 & to an int]m$iate horizontal /rip spik$ 9 betwe5 ! /udd+2 if done 9 ?is way1 ! plate may be light]2 :5 horizontal sid+ is us$1 ! /udd+ %\ld n be m ?an #d feet ap>t--9 small build+s1 say #ab by #bj feet1 we %\ld cut all our /uff1 except joi/s1 f #a-a_/d in* plank4 ,/uds #d in*es wide1 raft]s #e in*es wide2 floor joi/s %\ld be #b by #i in*es1 & put all up #cj in*es betwe5 c5tres4 ,9 ,fig4 #aad is %[n ! mann] ( con/ruct+ frames = build+s ( ?ree /ories4 ,! corn] /ud1 #d by #d1 is compos$ ( & built up ) two #b by #d /uds1 :i* are nail$ toge!r1 break+ jo9ts z ! build+ progresses 9 height2 ! splic+ ( /uds is done 9 ! same mann]1 be+ nail$ toge!r z fa/ z additional l5g? is requir$2 ! joi/s ( ! la/ floor are laid ^u ! plate1 & !y act z tie-beams to su/a9 ! ?ru/ ( ! raft]s4 ,we consid] ! splice :]e ! /uds butt & h side /rips nail$ to !m1 to be ! mo/ secure2 ! lapp+ splice is v g5]ally us$1 h[ev]1 & f\nd to answ] e purpose4 ,ribs = v]tical sid+ may be put on 9 two ways2 "o z %[n1 by :i* ! ribs run ov] ! sill1 & are nail$ to x2 a /rip ( ! same ?ickness z ribs1 say #a-a_/d in*es1 nail$ on to ! sill to fill up ! space betwe5 ! ribs1 & is !n cov]$ by ! outside pl9? or base4 ,! o!r plan is to set ! /uds back #a-a_/d in*es f face edge ( sill2 !n let ! end ( ribs bevel d[n on ! sill1 or dovetail !m into ! edge4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aad4--,?ree ,/ory ,build+4 ,balloon ,fram+4 ,details4 ,fig4 #aae4 ,joi/ not*$ d[n on plate4 ,fig4 #aaf4 ,side girt n ga9$ 9 = small unpla/]$ build+s4 ,fig4 #aag4 ,inside l9+--answ]s ! same purpose z a side gir?4 ,fig4 #aah4 ,joi/ be>+ on sill4 ,ei!r outside or inside l9+ may be us$1 or bo? toge!r4 ,:]e diagonal l9+ is us$1 x %\ld be rev]s$ or run ! o!r way on ! opposite side ( ! h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #abj4--;,diagonal ,ribs = ,v]tical or ,batt5$ ,sid+4 ,! l9+ ( a ,balloon ,frame adds imm5sely to its /r5g?1 p>ticul>ly s if put on diagonally2 x may be done outside or inside1 ?\gh on ! :ole ! inside is pref]able4 ,if done outside1 x %\ld be c>ri$ ov] ! sill & nail$ to x2 ! sill be+ wid] ?an ! /udd+1 9 ord] to get a l>g] be>+ on ! masonry1 & ! floor joi/s be+ 9 ! way1 does n admit ( inside l9+ be+ put on 9 ! same mann]4 ,a fir/-class ,balloon ,frame %\ld be l9$1 if = v]tical sid+1 outside ! /udd+--if horizontal sid+ is us$1 l9e inside2 x makes ! frame /iff] & ! build+ w>m]4 ,"s l9e diagonally1 say f c5tre next ! fir/ floor t[>ds extreme upp] corn]s bo? ways2 o!rs l9e "o side diagonally 9 "o direction1 & ! o!r 9 an opposite direction4 ,?is makes assurance ( /r5g? d\bly sure4 ,if l9$ inside1 nail p]p5dicul> la? to ! l9+ #af in*es f c5tres1 & on ?is la? horizontally = pla/]+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aba4--,%[+ l5g?wise & crosswise mann] ( ty+ frame4 ,! pr9ciple ( ,balloon ,fram+ is ! true "o = /r5g?1 z well z = economy4 ,if a me*anic is employ$1 ! ,balloon ,frame c be put up = =ty p] c5t4 less money ?an ! mortice & t5on frame4 ,if y erect a balloon frame y\rself1 :i* y c easily d )\t ! aid ( a me*anic1 x co/s ! price ( ! mat]ials & :atev] value y put ^u y\r own "t4 ,fig4 #bc %[s ! mann] ( atta*+ ! floor+ to gable end /udd+1 & 9 ^? build+s 9 :i* ! ?ru/ ( ! raft]s is 9 ! direction ( ! floor+--if e ?ird /ud be bolt$ to ! joi/ 9 ! mann] %[n1 x makes ! tie equal if n sup]ior to t 9 ! direction ( ! joi/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #abb4--,mann] ( ,fram+ ,l>ge ,b>ns4 ,fig4 #abb expla9s ! mann] ( fram+ ! l>ge/ class ( b>ns4 ,wide op5+s1 l bays1 require ! use ( heavy timb]1 & ! mortice1 t5on & brace1 only s f> z ! gall[s frame is conc]n$2 ! balance ( ! frame is ( light /uff1 /udd+ #b feet to #b-a_/b feet ap>t1 #b by #f in*es1 e ?ird "o #b by #h in*es1 into :i* is ga9$ ! side girt1 x be+ nail$ to ! o!rs4 ,on ?is re/s "o end ( ! tempor>y floors1 ! gall[s frame supports ! ro(1 & ! raft]s are secur$ to x1 s t !y become ties4 ,! side ( ?is build+ is l a floor turn$ on edge1 & is firmly secur$ by ! floor joi/s at ! bottom & ! raft]s at ! top4 ,w>eh\ses1 depots1 & o!r build+s ( a v l>ge size1 c be made /rong] by us+ ! ,balloon ,frame1 in/ead ( ! heavy timb] frame4 ,^? :o pref] to err on ! "r side1 c get unnecess>y /r5g? by us+ deep] /udd+1 plac+ !m clos] toge!r1 putt+ 9 "o or m r[s ( bridg+ & z _m diagonal ribs z !y l4 ,9 l>ge build+s !re is no sav+ 9 timb]1 only ! sub/itution ( small sizes = l>ge--! great sav+ is 9 ! labor1 :i* is q important4 ,! foll[+ are "s ( ! advantages claim$ = ! ,balloon ,frame3 #a4 ,! pr9cipal labor ( fram+ is disp5s$ )4 #b4 ,x is a f> *eap] frame to raise4 #c4 ,x is /rong] & m durable ?an any o!r frame4 #d4 ,any /ick c be remov$1 & ano!r put 9 its place1 )\t di/urb+ ! /r5g? ( ^? rema9+--9 fact1 ! :ole build+ c be r5ew$ /ick by /ick4 #e4 ,x is adapt$ to e /yle ( build+1 & bett] adapt$ = all irregul> =ms4 #f4 ,x is =ty p] c5t4 *eap] ?an any o!r kn[n /yle ( frame4 #g4 ,x embraces /r5g?1 security1 com=t & economy1 & c be put up )\t ! aid ( a me*anic4 ,e/abli%$ 9 #ahdf4 ,,! ,,horticulturi/1 ,,& ,,j\rnal ,,( ,,rural ,,art ,,& ,,rural ,,ta/e4 ,publi%$ ,mon?ly at ,two ,doll>s & ,fifty ,c5ts p] ,annum1 ,tw5ty-five ,c5ts p] ,numb]1 & devot$ to ,,grape ,,culture1 ,,fl[]s1 ,,rural ,,ar*itecture1 ,,fruits1 ,,g>d5+1 ,,l&scape ,,adornm5t1 ,,& ,,rural ,,pursuits4 ,=m+ an annual volume ( #djj royal octavo pages h&somely ,illu/rat$4 ,! ,au?or ( ,my ,f>m ( ,edgewood1 ,! ,au?or ( ,t5 ,acres ,en\gh1 ,! ,au?or ( ,! ,grape ,culturi/1 ,! ,au?or ( ,fl[]s = ,p>lor & ,g>d51 ,! ,au?or ( ,am]ican ,fruit ,gr[]'s ,guide4 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,,crescy1 & o!rs ( ! be/ practical tal5t & ability1 bo? ,ea/ & ,we/1 write regul>ly4 ,back ,volumes & ,numb]s suppli$4 ,,geo4 ,e4 ,f4 ,w4 ,,woodw>d1 ,,publi%]s1 #cg ,,p>k ,,r[1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,woodw>d',s ,,grap]ies ,,& ,,horticultural ,,build+s1 ,by ,geo4 ,e4 ,f4 ,w4 ,woodw>d1 ,,ar*itects ,,& ,,horticulturi/s4 ,a new1 practical1 & orig9al ,"w on ! design & con/ruction ( all classes ( ,horticultural ,build+s1 includ+ ,hot-b$s1 ,propagat+ ,h\ses1 ,hot & ,cold ,grap]ies1 ,or*>d ,h\ses1 ,cons]vatories1 c41 ) ! be/ modes ( heat+1 c4 ,elegantly ,illu/rat$4 ,be+ ! result ( an ext5sive pr(essional practice4 ,,geo4 ,e4 ,f4 ,w4 ,,woodw>d1 ,,publi%]s1 ,(fice ( ! ,horticulturi/1 #cg ,,p>k ,,r[1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,geo4 ,e4 ,f4 ,w4 ,,woodw>d1 ,,publi%]s ,no4 #cg ,,p>k ,,r[1 ,,new ,,york ,,(fice ,,( ,,! ,,horticulturi/4 ,,books ,,on ,,agriculture1 ,,horticulture1 ,,ar*itecture1 ,,l&scape ,,g>d5+1 ,,& ,,rural ,,art ,= ,sale at ?is ,(fice1 or mail$1 po/ paid1 on receipt ( ,publi%]'s prices4 999999 ,pric$ ,catalogue on application4 ,,new ,,york ,,ag5ts = ! ,c\ntry ,g5tleman1 ,g>d5]s' ,mon?ly1 ,hovey's ,magaz9e4 ,subscriptions receiv$ & back numb]s suppli$4 ,,fire ,,on ,,! ,,he>?4 ,,geo4 ,e4 ,f4 ,w4 ,,woodw>d1 #cg ,,p>k ,,r[1 ,n4 ,y4 ,new ,york ,ag5ts = ,dixon's l[ d[n ,philadelphia ,grates1 = burn+ ,wood or ,coal1 = sale at ,manufactur]'s ,prices4 ,x is a plan = w>m+ h\ses1 :i* has nev] 9 all its po9ts be5 surpass$4 99 99 99 99 99 99 ,x is believ$ t !re is sc>cely a s+le educat$ ,physician 9 ,philadelphia1 :o owns ! h\se he lives 91 :o is n suppli$ ) "o or m ( ^! delightful luxuries4 99 99 ,we h "o ( ^! admirable contrivances1 put 9 our h\se 9 #ahei1 & e additional ye> only increases our appreciation ( ! luxury4--,dr4 ,w4 ,w4 ,hall1 editor ( ,hall's ,j\rnal ( ,heal?1 ,n4 ,y4 ,price #ce & upw>ds accord+ to size & f9i%4 ,samples at ?is ,(fice4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,obvi\s punctuation errors repair$4 ,?is text uses bo? hyph5at$ & spac$ =ms ( its rooms1 i4e4 b$-room & b$ room4 ,also us$ 7 v>iations on hyph5at$ & n words su* /air-way & /airway4 ,page #af (:i* *ang$ to ( :i* 7( :i* ! public7 ,page #bh1 accomodation *ang$ to accommodation 7( ?is accommodation7 ,page #cd1 accomodation *ang$ to accommodation 7am\nt ( accommodation7 ,page #hc1 und]/& *ang$ to und]/&s 7"o t und]/&s7 ,page #ajd1 accomodation *ang$ to accommodation 7= _! accommodation7 ,page #abd1 posesses *ang$ to possesses 7possesses all ! attractions7 ,page #adh1 des5ds *ang$ to desc5ds 7:]e x desc5ds7 ,page #afd1 #bc *ang$ to #aba 7,fig4 #aba %[s ! mann]7