,,also ,,by ,,cl>5ce ,,day  ,,! ,,cr[',s
 ,,ne/ ,,?\ghts ,,)\t ,,words ,,god ,,& 
,,my ,,fa!r ,,9 ,,! ,,gre5 ,,m\nta9     
,,c\ntry ,,sc5es ,,f ,,! ,,mesozoic     
,,life ,,) ,,fa!r     ,,?is ,,simian    
,,_w    by  ,,cl>5ce ,,day    ,)        
,illu/rations by ! ,au?or    ,new ,york 
,london ,,alfr$4,a4,,knopf #aicf        
,,copyright #aibj1 ,,by ,,cl>5ce ,,day  
,all rights res]v$4 ,no "p ( ?is book   
may be reproduc$ 9 any =m )\t p]mission 
9 writ+ f ! publi%]1 except by a review]
 :o may quote brief passages 9 a review 
to be pr9t$ 9 a magaz9e or newspap]4    
,publi%$ ,may #bb1 #aibj ,repr9t$ ,n9e  
,times ,elev5? ,pr9t+1 ,m>*1 #aicf      
,manufactur$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica
     ,h[ ,i hate ! man :o talks ab\t !  
'brute creation1' ) an ugly emphasis on 
brute4444 ,z = me1 ,i am pr\d ( my close
 k9%ip ) o!r animals4 ,i take a jeal\s  
pride 9 my ,simian ance/ry4 ,i l to ?9k 
t ,i 0 once a magnific5t hairy fell[    
liv+ 9 ! trees1 & t my frame has come   
d[n ?r\gh geological "t via sea jelly & 

worms & ,amphioxus1 ,fi%1 ,d9osaurs1 &  
,apes4 ,:o w\ld ex*ange ^! = ! pallid   
c\ple 9 ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed58  ,w4 ,n4 ,p4    
,,b>bellion4     ,,?is ,,simian ,,_w    
,,"o   ,la/ ,sunday1 ,pott] took me out 
driv+ along upp] ,broadway1 :]e ^? long 
r[s ( tall new ap>tm5t h\ses 7 built a  
few ye>s ago4 ,x 0 a mild aft]noon &    
great cr[ds ( p 7 out4 ,sunday aft]noon 
cr[ds4 ,!y 7 n go+ any:]e1--!y 7 j      
/roll+ up & d[n1 />+ at ea* o!r1 &      
talk+4 ,!re 7 ?\s&s & ?\s&s ( !m4       
,awful1 ar5't !y6 said ,pott]4  ,i      
didn't "k :at he meant4 ,:5 he add$1    
,:y1 ^! cr[ds1 ,i turn$ & ask$1 ,:y1 :at
 ab\t !m8 ,i wasn't sure :e!r he _h an  
idea or a heada*e4  ,o!r creatures don't
 d x1 he repli$1 ) a disc\rag$          
expression4 ,are any o!r be+s ev] f\nd 9
 su* masses1 b v]m98 ,aimless1 />+1     
vacant-m9d$1--look at !m6 ,i c get no   
s5se :atev] ( individual wor?1 or (     
value 9 m5 z a race1 :5 ,i see !m l ?is4
 ,x makes "o almo/ despair (            
civilization4  ,i ?\ght ?is ov] = a:ile1

 to get 9 t\* ) 8 attitude4 ,i myself   
feel diff]5tly at diff]5t times ab\t u  
human-be+s3 sometimes ,i get pretty     
indignant :5 we are attack$ 7= !re is   
altoge!r too mu* abuse ( u by spectator 
philosoph]s7 & yet at o!r times ,i too  
feel l a spectator1 an ali53 b ev5 !n ,i
 _h nev] felt s ali5 or despair+ z      
,pott]4 ,i ca/ ab\t = ! probable cause (
 our diff]5ce4 ,let's rememb]1 ,i said1 
x's a simian civilization4  ,pott] 0 />+
 disgu/$ly at "s vaudeville sign-bo>ds4 
,yes1 ,i said1 ^? = example are         
di/9ctively simian4 ,:y %\ld y feel     
disappo9tm5t at some?+ inevitable8 ,& ,i
 w5t on to argue t x wasn't z ?\gh we 7 
desc5d$ f eagles = in/ance1 in/ead (    
7broadly speak+7 f ape-l or monkeyi%    
be+s4 ,be+ ( simian /ock1 we _h simian  
traits4 ,our developm5t naturally bore !
 m>ks ( our orig94 ,if we _h inh]it$ our
 dispositions f eagles we %\ld h loa!d  
vaudeville4 ,b z c\s9s ( ! ,b&>log1 we  
lov$ x4 ,:at c\ld y expect8             
,illu/ration3 ,desc5d$ f eagles         

,,two   ,if we _h be5 made directly f   
clay1 ! way x says 9 ! ,bible1 & _h     
!re=e inh]it$ no int]m$iate             
*>act]i/ics1--if a god1 or "s pr9ciple (
 gr[?1 _h gone t way to "w ) u1 he or x 
might h mold$ u into mu* m spl5did =ms4 
,b consid]+ our simian desc5t1 x has    
done v well4 ,! only p :o are disappo9t$
 9 u are ^? :o /ill believe t clay /ory4
 ,or :o--unconsci\sly--/ill let x color 
_! ?9k+4                       99       
99      99      99      99  ,!re c]ta9ly
 seems to be a p[] at "w 9 ! _w1 by     
virtue ( :i* e liv+ ?+ gr[s & develops4 
,& x t5ds t[>d spl5dor4 ,se$s become    
trees1 & weak little nations gr[ great4 
,b ! pu% or ! =ce t is do+ ?is1 ! yea/ z
 x 71 has to "w 9 & on c]ta9 def9ite    
k9ds ( mat]ial4 ,because ?is yea/ is 9  
u1 !re may be great & undream$ (        
possibilities await+ mank9d2 b because (
 our l9e ( desc5t !re are also que]     
limitations4     ,illu/ration3 ,/range  
=gott5 dyna/ies  ,,?ree   ,9 ^? di/ant  
invisible epo*s be=e m5 exi/$1 be=e ev5 

! pr\d miss+ l9k /rutt$ ar\nd ?r\gh !   
woods 7little realiz+ h[ we 8           
greatgr&sons w\ld smile wryly at him1   
mu* z our own desc5dants may %udd] at u1
 ages h5ce7 ! v>i\s animals 7 desp]ately
 compet+ = p[]4 ,!y c\ldn't or didn't   
live z equals4 ,c]ta9 gr\ps s\ght !     
head%ip4  ,_m /range =gott5 dyna/ies    
rose1 met defiance1 & fell4 ,9 ! end x 0
 our ance/ors :o won1 & became simian   
k+s1 & bequea!d a :ole planet to u--& h 
nev] be5 ?ank$ = x4 ,no monum5t has be5 
rais$ to ! memory ( ^? fir/ hairy       
conqu]ors2 yet _h !y n f\ght well &     
wisely 9 ^? f>-(f times1 "s o!r race    
w\ld h be5 ma/]s1 & kept u 9 cages1 or  
%ot u = sport 9 ! =e/s :ile !y rul$ !   
_w4                       99      99    
99      99      99  ,s ,pott] & ,i1     
develop+ ?is tra9 ( ?\ght1 began to     
imag9e we _h liv$ _m ages ago1 & someh[ 
or o!r _h alight$ "h f "s old] planet4  
,famili> ) ! ways ( evolution else:]e 9 
! univ]se1 we naturally %\ld h wond]$   
:at c\rse x w\ld take on ?is e>?4 ,ev5 9

 ?is out-(-!-way corn] ( ! ,cosmos1 we  
might h reflect$1 & on ?is t9y />1 x may
 be ( int]e/ to consid] ! tr5d ( ev5ts4 
,we %\ld h tri$ to appraise ! diff]5t   
species z !y w&]$ ar\nd1 ea* ) its own  
set ( good & bad *>act]i/ics4 ,:i* gr\p1
 we'd h wond]$1 w\ld ev] contrive to    
rule all ! re/8  ,& h[ great a          
developm5t c\ld !y atta9 to !reaft]8    
,,f\r   ,if we _h l&$ "h aft] ! great   
saurians _h be5 swept f ! sc5e1 we might
 fir/ h consid]$ ! lemurs or apes4 ,!y  
_h h&s4 ,ae/hetically view$1 ! poor     
simians 7 simply grotesque2 b travel]s  
:o knew o!r planets might h kn[n :at    
beauty may spr+ f an unc\? beg9n+ 9 ?is 
magic univ]se4  ,/ill--^? fr[zy1        
unlovely hordes ( apes & monkeys 7 s    
completely lack+ 9 signs ( k+%ip2 !y 7 s
 flighty1 too1 9 _! ways1 & _h s little 
purpose1 & s mu* love = absurd & idle   
*att]1 t !y w\ld h /ruck u1 we ?\ght1 z 
unlikely mat]ial4 ,su* traits1 we %\ld h
 rem9d$ ourselves1 p]si/4 ,!y are n     
easily left beh9d1 ev5 aft] long /ages2 

& !y =m a t]rible ob/acle to all high   
advancem5t4     ,,five   ,! bees or !   
ants might h seem$ to u m promis+4 ,_!  
smallness ( size 0 n necess>ily too mu* 
( a h&icap4 ,!y c\ld h made poison _!   
weapon = ! subjugation ( rivals4 ,& 9 ^!
 ord]ly insects !re 0 obvi\sly a        
capacity = labor1 & co-op]ative labor at
 t1 :i* c\ld c>ry !m f>4 ,we all "k t !y
 h a m>k$ g5ius3 great gifts ( _! own4  
,9 a civilization ( sup]-ants or bees1  
!re w\ld h be5 no problem ( ! hungry    
unemploy$1 no pov]ty1 no un/able        
gov]nm5t1 no riots1 no /rikes = %ort    
h\rs1 no d]ision ( eug5ics1 no ?ieves1  
p]haps no crime at all4  ,ants are good 
citiz5s3 !y place gr\p int]e/s fir/4  ,b
 !y c>ry x s f>1 !y h few or no         
political rights4 ,an ant doesn't h !   
vote1 app>5tly3 he j has 8 duties4  ,?is
 quality may h some?+ to d ) _! hav+    
gr\p w>s4 ,! egotism ( _! individual    
spirits is all[$ scant expression1 s !  
egotism ( ! gr\p is extremely f]oci\s & 
active4 ,is ?is "o ( ! reasons :y ants  

fight s mu*8 ,!y g 9 = ,/ate ,socialism1
 yes1 b !y are n int]nationali/s4 ,&    
ants commit atrocities 9 & aft] _!      
battles t are--,i wi% ,i c\ld truly     
say--inhuman4  ,b conv]sely1 ants are   
absolutely unselfi% )9 ! community4 ,!y 
are skilful4 ,+5i\s4 ,_! ne/s & build+s 
are relatively l>g] ?an man's4 ,!       
sci5ti/s speak ( _! pav$ /reets1 vault$ 
halls1 _! hundr$s ( diff]5t dome/icat$  
animals1 _! pluck & intellig5ce1 _!     
individual initiative1 _! *a/e &        
indu/ri\s lives4 ,d>w9 said ! ant's bra9
 0 "o ( ! mo/ m>vel\s atoms 9 ! _w1     
p]haps m s ?an ! bra9 ( man--yes1 (     
pres5t-day man1 :o = ?\s&s & ?\s&s (    
ye>s has _h s mu* m *ance to develop 8  
bra94444 ,a ?\ghtful obs]v] w\ld h      
weigh$ all ^! excell5t qualities4  ,:5  
we ?9k ( ^! creatures z little m5 7:i*  
is all wrong ( c\rse7 we see !y h _!    
faults4 ,to our eyes !y seem too ord]ly1
 = in/ance4 ,repressively s4 ,_! ways   
are m fix$ ?an ^? ( ! old ,egyptians1 & 
_! indu/ry is pa9ful to ?9k (1 x's      

hyp]-,*9ese4 ,b we mu/ rememb] ?is is a 
simian comm5t4 ,! in/9cts ( ! species t 
y & ,i belong to are ( an opposite k9d2 
& t makes x h>d = u to judge ants       
fairly4  ,b we & ! ants are alike 9 "o  
matt]3 ! /rong love ( prop]ty4 ,& in/ead
 ( m]ely /ruggl+ ) ,nature = x1 !y also 
fight o!r ants4 ,! cu/om ( plund] seems 
to be a "p ( mo/ ( _! w>s4 ,?is has gone
 on = ages among !m1 & cont9ues today4  
,raids1 f]oci\s combats1 & loot are "p (
 an ant's regul> life4 ,ant re=m]s1 if  
!re 7 any1 might lay ?is to _! prop]ty  
s5se1 & talk ( aboli%+ prop]ty z a cure 
= ! evil4 ,b t w\ld n help = long unless
 !y c\ld aboli% ! love ( x4  ,ants seem 
to c>e ev5 m = prop]ty ?an we d         
ourselves4 ,we m5 are incl9$ to ease up 
a little :5 we h all we ne$4 ,b x is n s
 ) ants3 !y c't be> to /op3 !y keep "r  
on work+4 ,?is means t ants d n         
contemplate3 !y he$ no?+ outside ( _!   
own little r\nds4 ,x is almo/ z ?\gh _! 
fondness = labor _h clos$ fa/ _! m9ds4  
,conceivably !y might h develop$ inquir+

 m9ds4 ,b ?is w\ld h run aga9/ _!       
/ronge/ in/9cts4 ,! ant is kn[+ & wise2 
b he doesn't "k en\gh to take a         
vacation4 ,! wor%ipp] ( en]gy is too    
physically en]getic to see t he _c      
explore c]ta9 high] fields until he is  
/ill4  ,ev5 if su* a race _h someh[     
a*iev$ self-consci\sness & reason1 w\ld 
!y h be5 able !re) to rule _! in/9cts1  
or to /op "w long en\gh to exam9e       
!mselves1 or ! univ]se1 or to dream (   
any noble developm5t8 ,probably n4      
,reason is seldom or nev] ! rul]3 x is !
 s]vant ( in/9ct4 ,x w\ld !re=e h told !
 ants t incessant toil 0 useful & good4 
,toil has br\ght y up f ! ruck ( ?+s1   
,reason w\ld h plausibly said4 ,x's by  
virtue ( fev]i% toil t y h become :at y 
are4 ,be+ endlessly indu/ri\s is ! be/  
road--= y--to ! heights4 ,&1            
self-reassur$1 !y w\ld !n h _h orgies ( 
"w2 & ?us1 by devot$ ex]tion1 h block$  
_! advancem5t4 ,"w1 & ord] & ga9 w\ld h 
)]$ _! s\ls4     ,,six   ,let u take !  
great cats4 ,!y are free f ?is tal5t =  

slave-hood4 ,/ately bea/s l ! lion h m  
indep5d5ce ( m9d ?an ! ants1--& a       
self-respect1 we may note1 unkn[n to    
primates4 ,or consid] ! leop>ds1 ) he>ts
 t no tyrant c\ld ma/]4 ,:at fe>less &  
resolute leop>d-m5 !y c\ld h fa!r$6 ,h[ 
magnific5tly su* a civilization w\ld h  
made its =ce tell6  ,a race ( civiliz$  
be+s desc5d$ f ^! great cats w\ld h be5 
ri* 9 h]mits & solit>y ?9k]s4 ,! recluse
 w\ld n h be5 /igmatiz$ z peculi>1 z he 
is by u simians4 ,!y w\ld n h be5 a     
cr$ul\s p1 or easily religi\s4 ,false   
prophets & sw9dl]s w\ld h f\nd few      
dupes4 ,& :at g5]als !y w\ld h made6 :at
 consummate politicians6  ,don't imag9e 
!m z a collection ( tig]s walk+ ar\nd on
 _! h9d-legs4 ,!y w\ld h only be5 l     
tig]s 9 ! s5se t we m5 are l monkeys4   
,_! developm5t 9 appe>ance & "* w\ld h  
be5 q trans=m+4  ,in/ead ( ! small flat 
head ( ! tig]1 !y w\ld h _h cle> smoo?  
br[s2 & ^? :o 7 n bald w\ld h _h neatly 
p>t$ hair--p]haps /rip$4  ,_! m\?s w\ld 
h be5 small] & m s5sitive3 _! faces mo/ 

dignifi$4 ,:]e n[ !y express *iefly     
savag5ess1 !y w\ld h express$ fire &    
grace4  ,!y w\ld h be5 c\rte\s & suave4 
,no vulg> cr[d+ w\ld h occurr$ on !     
/reets ( _! cities4 ,no mobs4 ,no       
ignom9i\s subway-jams4  ,imag9e a       
cultivat$ cot]ie ( su* m5 & wom51 at a  
ball1 danc+4 ,h[ few ( u humans are     
graceful4 ,!y w\ld h all be5 ,pavlovas4 
99      99      99      99      99  ,l  
ants & bees1 ! cat race is n]v\s4 ,_!   
temp]am5ts are high-/rung4 ,!y w\ld nev]
 h become z pois$ or z placid           
z--say--sup]-c[s4 ,yet !y w\ld h _h less
 insanity1 probably1 ?an we4 ,monkeys'  
7& elephants'7 m9ds seem prec>i\sly     
balanc$1 un/able4 ,! great cats are     
san]4 ,!y are int5se1 !y w\ld h ne$$    
sanit>iums3 b few] asylums4 ,& _!       
asylums w\ld h be5 n = weak-m9d$ s\ls1 b
 = furies4  ,!y w\ld h be5 /rong at     
sl&]4 ,!y w\ld h be5 f> m viol5t ?an we1
 9 _! hates1 & !y w\ld h _h few]        
fri5d%ips4 ,yet !y might n h be5 any    
poor] 9 real fri5d%ips ?an we4 ,! real  

fri5d%ips among m5 are s r>e t :5 !y    
occur !y are fam\s4 ,fri5ds z loyal z   
,damon & ,py?ias 71 are exceptions4     
,good fell[%ip is common1 b un*ang+     
affection is n4 ,we l ^? :o l u1 z a    
rule1 & dislike ^? :o don't4 ,mo/ ( our 
ties h no bett] foot+ ?an t2 & ^? :o h  
_m su* ties are call$ w>m-he>t$4        
99      99      99      99      99  ,!  
sup]-cat-m5 w\ld h rat$ cleanl9ess      
high]4 ,"s ( u primates h le>n$ to keep 
ourselves clean1 b x's no l>ge          
proportion2 & ev5 ! cleane/ ( u see no  
gr&eur 9 soap-manufactur+1 & we don't   
look to manicures & plumb]s = social    
pre/ige4 ,a fel9e race w\ld h honor$ su*
 occupations4 ,j4 de ,c\rcy ,tig] w\ld h
 felt t no?+ b mak+ soap1 or be+ a      
plumb]1 0 compatible ) a high social    
position2 & ! ri* ,v]a ,pan!rbilt w\ld h
 deign$ to d9e only ) manicures4  ,none 
b ! l[e/ dregs ( su* a race w\ld h be5  
lawy]s sp5d+ _! span ( life on ?is      
my/]i\s e>? /udy+ ! long du/y records ( 
dead & gone qu>rels4 ,we simians        

naturally admire a pr(ession full (     
wrangle & *att]4 ,b t is a monkeyi% way 
( decid+ disputes1 n a fel9e4  ,we fight
 be/ 9 armies1 greg>i\sly1 :]e ! risk is
 r$uc$2 b we disapprove usually (       
murd]]s1 & ( almo/ all private combat4  
,) ! great cats1 x w\ld h be5 j ! o!r   
way r\nd4 7,lions & leop>ds fight ea*   
o!r s+ly1 n 9 b&s1 z d monkeys47  ,z a  
matt] ( fact1 few ( u delight 9 really  
s]i\s fight+4 ,we d love to bick]2 & we 
box & knock ea* o!r ar\nd1 to exhibit   
our /r5g?2 b few normal simians are ke5 
ab\t blood%$ & kill+2 we d x 9 w> only  
because ( patriotism1 rev5ge1 duty1     
glory4 ,a fel9e civilization w\ld h c>$ 
no?+ = duty or glory1 b !y w\ld h tak5 a
 f> high] pleasure 9 gore4 ,if a planet 
( sup]-cat-m5 c\ld look d[n ^u ours1 !y 
w\ld n "k :i* to ?9k 0 ! mo/ amaz+3 !   
way we tamely live1 five million or s 9 
a city1 ) only a few police to keep u   
quiet1 :ile we commit only "o or two    
murd]s a day1 & h>dly h a respectable   
numb] ( brawls2 or ! way great armies ( 

u are tra9$ to fight1--n lik+ x mu*1 &  
yet do+ m kill+ 9 w>-"t & %$d+ m blood  
?an ev5 ! fi]ce/ lion on 8 cruele/ days4
 ,:i* w\ld p]plex a g5tlemanly sup]-cat 
spectator ! m1 our habits ( :olesale    
slaught] 9 ! field1 or our spiritless   
mak+ a feti% ( ord]1 at home8           
99      99      99      99      99  ,x  
is fair to judge peoples by ! rights !y 
w sacrifice mo/ =4 ,sup]-cat-m5 w\ld h  
be5 outrag$1 _h _! "r ( p]sonal combat  
be5 que/ion$4 ,! simian submits ) odd   
read9ess to ! loss ( ?is privilege4 ,:at
 outrages him is to make him /op wagg+ 8
 tongue4 ,he becomes mo/ excit$ &       
passionate ab\t ! "r ( free spee*1 ev5  
go+ s f> 9 8 emotion z to decl>e x is   
sacr$4  ,he looks ^u o!r creatures      
pity+ly because !y are dumb4 ,if "o ( 8 
own *ildr5 is born dumb1 he c\nts x a   
trag$y4 ,ev5 t m]e hesitation 9 spee*1  
kn[n z /amm]+1 he deems a mis=tune4  ,s 
preci\s to a simian is ! privilege (    
mak+ s\nds ) 8 tongue1 t :5 he wi%es to 
puni% sev]ely ^? m5 he calls crim9als1  

he =bids !m to *att]1 & =ces !m by      
?reats to be sil5t4 ,x is felt t ?is    
puni%m5t is entirely too cruel h[ev]1 & 
t ev5 ! wor/ (f5d]s %\ld be all[$ to    
talk "p ( ea* day4  ,:atev] a simian    
does1 !re mu/ always be "s talk+ ab\t x4
 ,he c't ev5 make peace )\t a k9d (     
*att] call$ a peace conf]5ce4 ,sup]-cats
 w\ld n h _h to make peace3 !y w\ld h j 
walk$ (f & /opp$ fight+4                
99      99      99      99      99  ,9 a
 _w ( sup]-cat-m51 ,i suppose !re w\ld h
 be5 few] sailors2 & p w\ld h c>$ less =
 seaside resorts1 or = swimm+4 ,cats    
hate gett+ wet1 s m5 desc5d$ f !m might 
h hat$ x4 ,!y w\ld h felt t ev5 go+ 9   
wad+ 0 a sign ( great h>dihood1 & only !
 mo/ d>+ "y fell[s1 %[+ (f1 w\ld h done 
x4  ,among !m !re w\ld h be5 no         
anti-vivisection societies3  ,no ,"y    
,cats ,*ri/ian ,associations or ,r$     
,cross "w3  ,no veget>ians3  ,no e>ly   
clos+ laws3  ,mu* m hunt+ & trapp+3  ,no
 rid+ to h\nds2 t's pure simian4 ,j ?9k 
h[ x w\ld h entranc$ ! old-"t monkeys to

 =esee su* a game6 ,a game :]e !y'd all 
prance (f on captur$ horses1 te>+       
pell-mell ?r\gh ! woods 9 gay r$ coats1 
att5d$ by yelp+ packs ( s]vant-dogs4 ,x 
is excell5t sport--b h[ cats w\ld scorn 
to hunt 9 t way6  ,!y w\ld n h knight$  
explor]s--!y w\ld h all be5 explor]s4   
99      99      99      99      99      
,imag9e t y are /roll+ ?r\gh a sup]-cat 
city at night4 ,ov] yond] is ! bus9ess  
qu>t]1 its ev5+ %ops blaz+ ) jewels4 ,! 
great /ock-y>ds lie to ! ea/ :]e y he>  
^? sad s\nds3 t l[ moo+ z ( innum]able  
h]ds1 wait+ slaught]4 ,beyond lie !     
sil5t aqu>iums & ! crates ( fre% mice4  
7,!y raise mice in/ead ( h5s 9 ! c\ntry1
 9 ,sup]-cat ,l&47 ,to ! we/ is a       
beautiful b weirdly bac*analian p>k1 )  
long groves ( catnip1 :]e "y sup]-cats h
 _! fl+1 & :]e a few craz$ catnip       
addicts live on till !y die1 unable to  
break (f _! /rangely undignifi$ orgies4 
,& "h :]e y /& is ! sumptu\s resid5ce   
di/rict4 ,h\ses ) spaci\s gr\nds        
ev]y:]e3 no d5sely-pack$ build+s4 ,!    

/reets h be5 swept up--or lapp$         
up--until !y are spotless4 ,n a scrap ( 
pap] is ly+ ar\nd any:]e3 no rubbi%1 no 
du/4 ,few ( ! pavem5ts are left b>e1 z  
ours are1 & ^? few are poli%$3 ! re/ h  
deep s(t velvet c>pets4 ,no footfalls   
are he>d4  ,illu/ration3 ,punctili\s1   
haughty1 inflammable  ,!re are no lights
 9 ^! /reets1 ?\gh ^! p are abroad mu*  
at night4 ,all y see are />s ov]head & !
 gl[+ eyes ( cat ladies1 ( li! silk5    
ladies :o pass y1 or ( /iff-:isk]$ m54  
,bew>e ( ^? m5 & ! gleam ( _!           
split-pupil$ />e4 ,!y are haughty1      
punctili\s1 inflammable3 self-absorb$   
too1 h[ev]4 ,!y w probably n ev5 notice 
y2 b if !y d1 y are lo/4 ,!y take (f5se 
9 a fla%1 abhor /rang]s1 despise        
hospitality1 & w\ld ?9k no?+ ( kill+ y  
or me on _! way home to d9n]4  ,foll[ "o
 ( !m4 ,ent] ?is h\se4 ,ah :at spl5dor6 
,no s]vants1 ?\gh a few abject monkeys  
wait at ! back-doors1 & submissively run
 little err&s4 ,b ( c\rse !y are nev]   
let inside3 !y w\ld seem out ( place4   

,gorge\s c\*es1 ri* colors1 silk5 walls1
 an ori5tal magnific5ce4 ,9 "h is !     
ballroom4 ,b wait3 :at is ?is 9 ! corn]8
 ,a l>ge triumphal /atue--( a cat       
ov]com+ a dog4 ,& look at ?is d9+-room1 
its exquisite appo9tm5ts1 its da9t9ess3 
faucets = hot & cold milk 9 ! pantry1 & 
a gold b[l ( cream4  ,"s "o is ent]+4   
,hu%6 ,if ,i c\ld b describe h]6        
,languor\s1 sl5d] & passionate4 ,sleepy 
eyes t see ev]y?+4 ,an indol5t          
purposeful /ep4 ,an unimag9able grace4  
,if y 7 h] lov]1 my boy1 y w\ld le>n h[ 
fi]ce love c be1 h[ caprici\s & sudd51  
h[ ho/ile1 h[ ec/atic1 h[ viol5t6       
99      99      99      99      99  ,?9k
 :at ! /ate ( ! arts w\ld h be5 9 su*   
cities4  ,!y w\ld h _h few com$ies on _!
 /age2 no f>ces4 ,cats c>e little = fun4
 ,9 ! circus1 sup]lative acrobats4 ,no  
cl[ns4  ,illu/ration3 ,"o ( _! poets  ,9
 drama & s++ !y w\ld h surpass$ u       
probably4 ,ev5 9 ! /age ( arre/$        
developm5t z m]e animals1 9 :i* we see  
cats1 !y wail ) a passionate int5sity at

 night 9 our y>ds4 ,imag9e h[ a ,c>uso  
desc5d$ f su* be+s w\ld s+4  ,9         
lit]ature !y w\ld n h begg$ = happy     
end+s4  ,!y w\ld h be5 p]sonally m      
self-assur$ ?an we1 f> fre] ( *eap      
imitativ5ess ( ea* o!r 9 mann]s & art1 &
 h5ce m orig9al 9 art2 m cle>ly aw>e (  
:at !y really desir$1 n cr++ly wat*ful (
 :at 0 expect$ ( !m2 less widely        
obs]vant p]haps1 m deeply ?\ghtful4  ,_!
 arti/s w\ld h produc$ less h[ev]1 ev5  
?\gh !y felt m4 ,a sup]-cat arti/ w\ld h
 valu$ ! pictures he drew = _! effects  
on himself2 he w\ldn't h c>$ a rap :e!r 
anyone else saw !m or n4 ,he w\ld n h   
bo!r$1 usually1 to give any =m to 8     
conceptions4 ,simply to h _h ! s5sation 
w\ld h = him be5 en\gh4 ,b s9ce simians 
love to be notic$1 x does n cont5t !m to
 h a conception2 !y mu/ wre/le ) x until
 x takes a =m 9 :i* o!rs c see x4 ,!y   
doom ! arti/ic impulse to toil ) its    
nose to ! gr9d/one1 until _! idea is    
express$ 9 a book or a /atue4 ,are !y   
"r8 ,i h d\bts4 ,! arti/ic impulse seems

 n to wi% to produce f9i%$ "w4 ,x       
c]ta9ly des]ts u half-way1 aft] ! idea  
is born2 & if we g on1 art is labor4 ,) 
! cats1 art is joy4                     
99      99      99      99      99  ,b !
 dom9ant *>act]i/ic ( ?is f9e race is   
cunn+4 ,& h5ce ,i ?9k x w\ld h be5 ?r\gh
 _! craft9ess1 *iefly1 t !y w\ld h felt 
! impulse to /udy1 & ! wi% to advance4  
,craft is a cat's delight3 craft !y nev]
 c h too mu* (4 ,s x w\ld h be5 f "o    
triumph ( cunn+ to ano!r t !y w\ld h    
m>*$4 ,t w\ld h be5 ! greate/ driv+ =ce 
( _! civilization4  ,?is w\ld h meant   
great progress 9 inv5tion & sci5ce--or 9
 "s fields ( sci5ce1 ! economic =       
in/ance4 ,b x w\ld h ret>d$ !m 9 o!rs4  
,craft /udies ! _w calculat+ly1 f )\t1  
in/ead ( und]/&+ly f )94 ,especially    
w\ld x h *eap5$ ! fel9e philosophies2 = 
n simply h[ to "k b h[ to circumv5t !   
univ]se w\ld h be5 _! desire4 ,mank9d's 
curiosity is dis9t]e/$2 x seems pur] by 
contra/4 ,t is to say1 made z we are1 x 
seems pur] to u4 ,:at we call dis9t]e/$1

 h[ev]1 sup]-cats might call aimless4   
7,aimlessness is "o ( ! regul> simian   
traits47  ,i don't mean to be prejudic$ 
9 favor ( ! simian side4 ,curiosity may 
be z debas+1 ,i grant y1 z craft4 ,&    
craft might turn into artifices ( a k9d 
:i* w\ld be noble & f9e4 ,j z ! ignorant
 & fitful curiosity ( "s little monkey  
is h>dly to be comp>$ to ! a/ronom]'s   
magnific5t se>*1 s ! craft & cunn+ we   
see 9 our pussies w\ld be> small        
relation to ! high-m9d$ plann+ ( "s rul]
 ( ! race we are imag9+4  ,& yet--craft 
is self-defeat+ 9 ! end4 ,transmute x   
into its f9e/ possible =m1 let x be z   
subtle & civiliz$ z y please1 z ye>n+ & 
noble1 z enlight5$1 x /ill sets itself  
ov] aga9/ ! :ol5ess ( ?+s2 its role is t
 ( ! "p at w> ) ! :ole4 ,milton's       
,lucif] _h ! m9d ( a f9e sup]-cat4  ,t  
craft may defeat itself 9 ! end1 h[ev]1 
is n ! real po9t4 ,t doesn't expla9 :y !
 lions ar5't rul+ ! planet4 ,! tr\ble   
is1 x w\ld defeat itself 9 ! beg9n+4 ,x 
w\ld h too bitt]ly /ress$ ! /ruggle =   

exi/5ce4 ,conflict & /ruggle make       
civilizations virile1 b !y d n by       
!mselves make civilizations4 ,mutual aid
 & support are ne$$ = t4 ,!re ! fel9es  
are lack+4 ,!y d n co-op]ate well2 !y h 
small gr\p-devotion4 ,_! lordl9ess1 _!  
/rong self-reg>d1 & _! coolness ( he>t1 
h someh[ ?w>t$ ! *ance ( _! racial      
progress4     ,,sev5   ,!re are _m o!r  
bea/s t "o might once h ?\ght _h a      
*ance4  ,"s1 l horses & de]1 7 n bold   
en\gh2 or 7 /upid1 l buffaloes4  ,"s _h 
ov]-tru/ful *>act]s1 l ! seals2 or      
exploitable *>act]s1 l c[s1 & *ick5s1 & 
%eep4 ,su* creatures s5t5ce !mselves to 
be captives1 by _! lack ( ambition4     
,dogs8 ,!y h m _s4 ,b !y h lo/ _! *ance 
( k+%ip ?r\gh wor%ipp+ u4 ,! dog's f9]  
qualities c't be prais$ too w>mly2 !re  
is a purity ab\t 8 devotion :i* makes   
m]e m5 feel spee*less3 b ) all love =   
dogs1 "o mu/ grant !y are vassals1 n    
rul]s4 ,!y are too p>asitic--! "o will+ 
s]vant class ( ! _w4 ,& we h betray$ !m 
by mak+ "u-simians ( !m4 ,we h taught !m

 "s ( our own ways ( behav+1 & fr[n$ ^u 
!irs4 ,lov+ u1 !y let u /op _! develop+ 
9 tune ) _! natures2 & !y've pati5tly   
tri$ ev] s9ce to adopt ways ( ours4 ,!y 
h done x1 too2 b ( c\rse !y c't get f>3 
x's n _! own road4 ,dogs h m love ?an   
integrity4 ,!y've be5 true to u1 yes1 b 
!y hav5't be5 true to !mselves4  ,pigs8 
,! pig is rem>kably intellig5t &        
brave1--b he's gross2 & grossness delays
 "o's a*ievem5t1 x takes s mu* "t4 ,!   
snake too1 ?\gh wise1 has a way ( eat+  
himself into /upors4 ,if sup]-snake-m5  
_h _h banquets !y w\ld h be5 too va/ to 
describe4 ,ea* little snake family c\ld 
h eat5 a h]d ( cattle at ,*ri/mas4      
,goats1 !n8 ,be>s or turtles8 ,wolves1  
:ales1 cr[s8 ,ea* _h bra9s & pride1 &   
w\ld h be5 glad to rule ! _w if !y c\ld2
 b ea* _h _! defects1 & _! weaknesses = 
su* a position4  ,! elephant8 ,ah6      
,evolution has _h its trag$ies1 hasn't  
x1 z well z its triumphs2 & well %\ld ! 
elephant "k x4 ,he _h ! be/ *ance ( all4
 ,wis] ev5 ?an ! lion1 or ! wise/ (     

apes1 8 wisdom fur!rmore 0 b5ign :]e    
!irs 0 s9i/]4 ,consid] 8 dignity1 8     
poise & skill4 ,he 0 pla/ic1 too4 ,he _h
 le>n$ to eat _m foods & endure _m      
climates4 ,once1 "s say1 ?is race       
explor$ ! globe4 ,_! bones are f\nd     
ev]y:]e1 9 ,s\? ,am]ica ev52 s !        
elephants' ,columbus may h f\nd "s road 
"h be=e ours4 ,!y are cosmopolitans1 ^! 
suave & well-br$ be+s4 ,!y h ri*        
emotional natures1 long memories1       
loyalty2 !y are /eady & sure2 & n n>r[1 
n self-absorb$1 = !y seem int]e/$ 9     
ev]y?+4 ,:at 0 x !n1 t put !m out ( !   
race8  ,c\ld x h be5 a q natural belief 
t !y _h already won8  ,& :5 !y saw t !y 
hadn't1 & t ! monkey-m5 7 gett+ ahead1 7
 !y too great-m9d$ & dec5t to ext]m9ate 
_! puny rivals8  ,x may h be5 _!        
tol]ance & pati5ce t betray$ !m4 ,!y    
wait too long be=e !y res5t an          
imposition or insult4 ,j z ants are too 
en]getic & cats too %rewd = _! own      
highe/ good1 s ! elephants suff] f too  
mu* pati5ce4 ,_! exhibitions ( x may    

seem sup]b1--su* p[] & su* re/ra9t1     
comb9$1 are noble1--b a quality c>ri$ to
 excess defeats itself4 ,k+s :o won't   
lift _! scept]s mu/ yield 9 ! end2 &1 ! 
wor/ ( x is1 to up/>ts :o snat* at _!   
cr[ns4                       99      99 
99      99      99  ,i fancy ! elephants
 w\ld h be5 g5tl] ma/]s ?an we3 m       
live-&-let-live 9 all[+ o!r species to  
/ay "h4 ,our way is to kill good & bad1 
male & female & babies1 till ! few la/  
survivors lie hidd5 away f our guns4    
,all species mu/ surr5d]                
unconditionally--^? are our t]ms--& come
 & live 9 b>ns alongside u2 or on u1 z  
p>asites4 ,! creatures t want to live a 
life ( _! own1 we call wild4 ,if wild1  
!n no matt] h[ h>mless we treat !m z    
outlaws1 & ^? ( u :o are specially well 
br\ght up %oot !m = fun4 ,"s might be   
our fri5ds4 ,we don't wi% x4 ,we keep !m
 all t]roriz$4 ,:5 "o ( u conqu]+       
monkey-m5 ent]s ! woods1 mo/ animals t  
sc5t him sl9k away1 or race (f 9 a      
panic4 ,x is n t we h plann$ ?is        

delib]ately3 b !y "k :at we're l4 ,race 
by race !y h be5 slaught]$4 ,soon all w 
be gone4 ,we give nei!r fre$om nor      
life-room to ^? we defeat4  ,if we _h   
be5 z /rong z ! elephants1 we might h   
be5 k9d]4 ,:5 great p[] comes naturally 
to p1 x is us$ m urbanely4 ,we use x z  
p>v5us d1 because t's :at we are4 ,!    
elephant1 be+ born to x1 is easy-go+1   
confid5t1 tol]ant4 ,he w\ld h be5 a m   
humane k+4                       99     
99      99      99      99  ,a race     
desc5d$ f elephants w\ld h _h to build  
on a l>ge scale4 ,imag9e a cr[d ( huge1 
wr9kl$1 sl[-mov+ elephant-m5 gett+ into 
a va/ elephant omnibus4  ,& w\ld !y h   
ev] tri$ air%ips8  ,! elephant is /upid 
:5 x comes to le>n+ h[ to use tools4 ,s 
are all o!r species except our own4     
,isn't x /range8 ,a tool1 9 ! mo/       
primitive s5se1 is any object1 ly+      
ar\nd1 t c obvi\sly be us$ z an in/rum5t
 = ?is or t purpose4 ,_m creatures use  
objects z mat]ials1 z birds use twigs = 
ne/s4 ,b ! /ep t no animal takes is     

le>n+ freely to use ?+s z in/rum5ts4 ,:5
 an elephant plucks (f a bran* & swi%es 
8 flanks1 & ?us keeps away insects1 he  
is us+ a tool4 ,b he does x only by a   
vague & haphaz>d association ( ideas4   
,if he once became a consci\s us] (     
tools he w\ld ( c\rse g mu* fur!r4  ,we 
ourselves1 :o are s good at x n[1 7 sl[ 
en\gh 9 beg9n+4 ,?9k ( ! long epo*s t   
pass$ be=e x ent]$ our heads4  ,& all t 
:ile ! conte/ = lead]%ip bl9dly w5t on1 
)\t any species mak+ use ( ?is obvi\s   
aid4 ,! lesson to be le>n$ 0 simple3 !  
rew>d 0 ! rule ( a planet4 ,yet only "o 
species1 our own1 has ev] _h t mu*      
bra9s4  ,x makes y wond] :at o!r obvi\s 
lessons may /ill be unle>n$4            
99      99      99      99      99  ,x  
is n necess>ily /upid h[ev]1 to fail to 
use tools4 ,to use tools involves us+   
reason1 in/ead ( /ick+ to in/9ct4 ,n[1  
/ick+ to in/9ct has its disadvantages1 b
 s has us+ reason4 ,:i*ev] faculty y    
use1 ! o!r atrophies1 & p>tly des]ts y4 
,we are try+ to use bo?4 ,b we /ill     

don't "k :i* has ! m value4             
99      99      99      99      99  ,a  
sudd5 vision comes to me ( "o ( ! fir/  
f>-away ape-m5 :o tri$ to use reason    
in/ead ( in/9ct z a guide = 8 conduct4  
,i imag9e him1 p]*$ 9 8 tree1 torn      
betwe5 ^? two voices1 wail+ l\dly at    
night by a riv]1 9 8 puzzl$ di/ress4    
,my poor f>-(f bro!r6  ,illu/ration3 ,! 
,fir/ ,?9k]4    ,,eight   ,we h be5     
consid]+ :i* species 0 on ! :ole mo/    
f9ely equipp$ to be rul]s1 & !reaft]    
a*ieve a high civilization2 b t wasn't !
 problem4 ,! real problem 0 :i* w\ld d  
x3--a diff]5t matt]4  ,to d x !re 0 ne$ 
( a species t _h at lea/ ^! two         
qualities3 "s qu5*less desire1 to urge  
!m on & on2 & also adaptability ( a ?\s&
 k9ds to _! environm5t4  ,! rh9oc]os    
c>es little = adaptability4 ,he slogs   
?r\gh ! _w4 ,b we6 we are exp]ts4       
,adaptability is :at we dep5d on4 ,we   
talk ( our ma/]y ( nature1 :i* s\nds v  
gr&2 b ! fact is we respectfully adapt  
ourselves fir/1 to h] ways4 ,we atta9 no

 p[] ov] nature till we le>n natural    
laws1 & our lord%ip dep5ds on !         
adroitness ) :i* we le>n & con=m4       
,adroitness h[ev] is m]ely an ability to
 w92 back ( x !re mu/ be "s spur to make
 u use our adroitness4 ,:y don't we all 
die or give up :5 we're sick ( ! _w8    
,because ! love ( life is re5=c$1 9 mo/ 
en]giz$ be+s1 by "s long+ t pu%es !m    
=w>d1 9 defeat & 9 d>kness4 ,all        
creatures wi% to live1 & to p]petuate _!
 species1 ( c\rse2 b ^? two wi%es alone 
evid5tly d n c>ry any race f>4 ,9       
addition to ^!1 a race1 to be great1    
ne$s "s hung]1 "s it*1 to spur x up !   
h>d pa? we lately h le>n$ to call       
evolution4 ,! love ( toil 9 ! ants1 & ( 
craft 9 cats1 are examples 7imag9>y or  
n74 ,:at o!r su* lu/ c\ld ex]t great    
driv+ =ce8  ,) u is x curiosity8 endless
 int]e/ 9 "o's environm5t8  ,_m animals 
h "s curiosity1 b "s is n en\gh2 & 9 b  
few is x "o ( ! ma/] passions4 ,by a    
ma/] passion1 ,i mean a passion t is    
really y\r ma/]3 "s appetite :i*        

habitually1 day 91 day out1 makes its   
subjects =get fatigue or dang]1 &       
sacrifice _! ease to its gratification4 
,t is ! k9d ( hold t curiosity has on ! 
monkeys4     ,,n9e   ,imag9e a          
prehi/oric prophet obs]v+ ^! be+s1 &    
=eca/+ :at k9d ( civilizations _!       
desc5dants w\ld build4 ,anyone c\ld h   
=ese5 c]ta9 p>ts ( ! simians' hi/ory3   
c\ld h guess$ t _! curiosity w\ld unlock
 = !m1 "o by "o1 nature's doors1        
&--idly--be/[ on !m /ray bits ( valuable
 k3 c\ld h pictur$ !m spread+ inquir+ly 
all ov] ! globe1 /umbl+ on _!           
inv5tions--& idly pass+ on & =gett+ !m4 
,to h to le>n ! same ?+ ov] & ov] aga9  
wa/es ! "t ( a race4 ,b ?is is          
cont9ually necess>y1 ) simians1 because 
( _! disord]4 ,disord]1 a prophet w\ld h
 sigh$3 t is "o ( _! h&icaps2 "o t !y w 
nev] get rid (1 :atev] x co/s4 ,hav+ s  
mu* curiosity makes a race scatt]-bra9$4
  ,yes1 he w\ld h dismally cont9u$1 x w 
be a que] mixture3 ^! simians w atta9 to
 va/ /ores ( k1 9 "t1 t is pla94 ,b aft]

 sp5d+ c5turies grop+ to discov] "s art1
 9 aft]-c5turies !y w n[ & !n f9d x's   
=gott54 ,h[ incr$ible x w\ld seem on o!r
 planets to he> ( lo/ arts4  ,!re is a  
/rong /reak ( triviality 9 !m1 :i* y    
don't see 9 cats4 ,!y won't h f9e en\gh 
*>act]s to conc5trate on ! ?+s ( mo/    
weight4 ,!y w talk & ?9k f> m ( trifles 
?an ( :at is important4 ,ev5 :5 !y are  
reasonably civiliz$1 ?is w be s4 ,great 
discov]ies sometimes w fail to be he>d  
(1 because too mu* else is2 & _m w ?us  
disappe>1 & ^! m5 w n "k x4#a        #a 
,we did rescue ,m5del's f ! du/ heap2 b 
p]haps x 0       an exception4          
99      99      99      99      99  ,let
 me int]rupt ?is lam5t to say a ^w =    
myself & my ance/ors4 ,x is easy to     
blame u z undiscrim9at+1 b we are at    
lea/ full ( ze/4 ,& x's well to be      
int]e/$1 eag]ly & int5sely1 9 s _m ?+s1 
because !re is (t5 no kn[+ :i* may turn 
out important4 ,we don't g ar\nd be+    
int]e/$ on purpose1 hop+ to pr(it by x1 
b a pr(it may come4 ,& anyway x is g5]\s

 ( u n to be too self-absorb$4 ,o!r     
creatures g to ! o!r extreme to an amaz+
 ext5t4 ,!y are ridicul\sly oblivi\s to 
:at is go+ on4 ,! smalle/ ant 9 ! g>d5 w
 ignore ! l>ge/ woman :o visits x4 ,%e  
is a huge & mo/ dang]\s sup]-mammo? 9   
relation to him1 & h] tread %akes ! e>?2
 b he has no "t to be bo!r$1 inve/igat+ 
su*-l ph5om5a4 ,he won't ev5 get out (  
h] way4 ,he has 8 "w to d1 hang x4      
,birds & squirrels h less ( ?is glori\s 
indep5d5ce ( _s4 ,!y wat* y closely--if 
y move ar\nd4 ,b n if y keep /ill4 ,9   
o!r words1 !y pay no m att5tion ?an !y c
 help1 ev5 to mammo?s4  ,we ( c\rse     
obs]ve ev]y?+1 or try to4 ,we c\ld sp5d 
our lives look+ on4 ,consid] our museums
 = in/ance3 !y are a sign ( our bre$4 ,x
 makes u smile to see birds1 l ! magpie1
 ) a mania = ?is collect+--b only       
monkeyi% be+s c\ld rev]5ce museums z we 
d1 & pile su* het]og5e\s trifles &      
quantities 9 !m4 ,old furniture1        
egg-%ells1 wat*es1 bits ( /one4444 ,&   
next door1 a m5ag]ie4 ,?\gh our victory 

ov] all o!r animals is n[ aeons old1 we 
/ill br+ home captives & exhibit !m cag$
 9 our cities4 ,& :5 a species dies     
out--or is cr[d$ 7by u7 (f ! planet--we 
ev5 collect ! bones ( ! vanqui%$ & %[ !m
 l trophies4                       99   
99      99      99      99  ,curiosity  
is a valuable trait4 ,x w make ! simians
 le>n _m ?+s4 ,b ! curiosity ( a simian 
is z excessive z ! toil ( an ant4 ,ea*  
simian w wi% to "k m ?an 8 head c hold1 
let alone ev] deal )2 & ^? ^: m9ds are  
active w wi% to "k ev]y?+ go+4 ,x w\ld  
/ret* a god's skull to accompli% su* an 
ambition1 yet simians won't l to ?9k x's
 beyond _! p[]s4 ,ev5 small tradesm5 &  
cl]ks1 no matt] h[ ?rifty1 w be eag] to 
buy co/ly encyclop$ias1 or books ( all  
k4 ,almo/ e simian family1 ev5 ! dulle/1
 w ?9k x is due to !mselves to keep all 
k h&y4  ,_! idea ( a lib]al education w 
!re=e be a great hodge-podge2 & he :o   
n>r[s 8 field & digs deep w be view$ z  
an ali54 ,if m ?an "o man 9 a hundr$    
%\ld ?us d>e to conc5trate1 ! ru9\s     

effects ( be+ a speciali/ w be sadly    
discuss$4 ,x may make a man             
exceptionally useful1 !y w h to admit2 b
 /ill !y w feel badly1 & fe> t          
civilization w suff]4                   
99      99      99      99      99  ,"o 
( _! curi\s educational ideas--b a      
natural "o--w be %[n 9 ! ef=ts !y w make
 to le>n m ?an "o language4 ,!y w set _!
 "y to sp5d+ a decade or m ( _! lives 9 
/udy+ duplicate sy/ems--:ole sy/ems--(  
*att]4 ,^? :o ?us le>n sev]al diff]5t   
ways to say ! same ?+s1 w comm& mu*     
respect1 & ^? :o le>n _m w be look$ on )
 awe--by true simians4 ,& p]sons )\t ?is
 accompli%m5t w be look$ d[n on a       
little1 & w actually feel q apologetic  
ab\t x !mselves4  ,consid] h[ enorm\sly 
complicat$ a complete language mu/ be1 )
 its long & arbitr>y vocabul>y1 its     
intricate sy/em ( s\nds2 ! _m =ms t s+le
 words may take1 especially if !y are   
v]bs2 ! rules ( gramm>1 ! s5t5ce        
/ructure1 ! idioms1 slang & inflections4
 ,heav5s1 :at a g5ius = tongues ^!      

simians h6#b ,:]e ano!r race1 aft] ! mo/
 frightful discord & pa9s1 might h sl[ly
 con/ruct$ "o language be=e ?is e>? grew
 cold1 ?is race w create lit]ally       
hundr$s1 ea* complete 9 itself1 & _m (  
!m ) qua9t little sy/ems ( writ+ atta*$4
 ,& ! own]s ( ?is l+ui/ic gift are s    
humble ab\t x1 !y w m>vel at bees1 = _! 
hives1 & at beav]s' m]e dams4        #b 
,y rememb] :at ,kipl+ says 9 ! ,jungle  
,books1 ab\t h[       disgu/$ ! quiet   
animals 7 ) ! ,b&>log1 because !y       
7 et]nally *att]+1 w\ld nev] keep /ill4 
,well1 ?is is       ! good side ( x4    
99      99      99      99      99  ,to 
return1 h[ev]1 to _! fe> ( be+ too n>r[1
 9 go+ to ! o!r extreme !y w run to     
incr$ible l5g?s4 ,e civiliz$ simian1 e  
day ( 8 life1 9 addition to :atev] old] 
facts he has pick$ up1 w wi% to "k all !
 news ( all ! _w4 ,if he felt any true  
conc]n to "k x1 ?is w\ld be r f9e ( him3
 x w\ld imply su* a close solid>ity on !
 "p ( ?is g5us4 7,su* a close solid>ity 
w\ld seem cru%+1 to o!rs2 b t is ano!r  

matt]47 ,x won't be true conc]n1 h[ev]1 
x w be m]ely a bl9d inh]it$ in/9ct4     
,he'll =get :at he's read1 ! v next h\r1
 or mom5t4 ,yet !re he w fai?fully sit1 
! ridicul\s creature1 read+ ( bombs 9   
,spa9 or floods 9 ,?ibet1 & especially  
insi/+ on all ! news he c get ( ! k9d   
our race lov$ :5 !y scamp]$ & f\ght 9 ! 
=e/1 news t w /ir 8 mo/ primitive simian
 feel+s1--w>s1 accid5ts1 love affairs1 &
 family qu>rels4  ,to fe$ himself ) ?is 
l>gely purposeless prov5d]1 he w pay    
?\s&s ( simians to be report]s ( su*    
ev5ts day & night2 & !y w report !m on  
su* a volum9\s scale z to smo!r or      
obscure m significant news altoge!r4    
,great pr9t$ %eets w be read by e "o e  
day2 & ev5 ! lazie/ ( ?is lazy race w n 
?9k x labor to p]=m ?is toil4 ,!y won't 
l to eat 9 ! morn+ )\t _! pap]s1 su*    
slaves !y w be to ?is droll gre$ = kn[+4
 ,!y won't ev5 ?9k x is droll1 x is s 9 
_! blood4  ,_! swoll5 desire =          
inve/igat+ ev]y?+ ab\t !m1 includ+      
especially o!r p's affairs1 w be        

qu5*less4 ,few w feel t !y really are   
fully in=m$2 & all w give mu* ( ea* day 
all _! lives to ! news4  ,books too w be
 us$ to slake ?is unappeasable ?ir/4 ,!y
 w actually hold books 9 deep rev]5ce4  
,books6 ,bottl$ *att]6 ?+s t "s o!r     
simian has =m]ly said4 ,!y w dress !m 9 
co/ly b9d+s1 keep !m "u glass1 & take an
 affect+ pride 9 ! numb] !y read4       
,libr>ies1--/ore-h\ses ( books1--w dot  
_! _w4 ,! de/ruction ( "o w be a crime  
aga9/ civilization4 7,mean+1 aga91 a    
simian civilization47 ,well1 x is an    
(f5se to be sure--a b>b>ic (f5se4 ,b s  
is defac+ =ev] a beautiful l&scape2 & !y
 won't ev5 notice t sometimes2 !y won't 
%udd] anyway1 ! way !y in/9ctively d at 
! loss ( a libr>y4                      
99      99      99      99      99  ,all
 ?is is inevitable & natural1 & !y _c   
help x4 ,!re ev5 are ways "o c ju/ify   
excesses l ?is4 ,if _! hung] = books ev]
 seems indiscrim9ate to !m :5 !y        
!mselves /op to exam9e x1 !y w h _!     
excuses4 ,!y w argue t "s bits ( k !y   

once _h ?\ght futile1 _h lat] on come 9 
mo/ h&y1 9 un?\ght ( ways4 ,true en\gh6 
,= _! sci5ti/s4 ,b n = _! av]age m53 !y 
w simply be l ob/9ate h\sekeep]s :o clog
 up _! homes1 pres]v+ odd boxes &       
wrapp+s1 & /ray l5g?s ( /r+1 to exult if
 b "o is ( "s trifl+ use ere !y die4 ,x 
w be 9 ?is _s t simians w *]i% _! books1
 & pile !m up ev]y:]e into great        
indiscrim9ate m\nds2 & ^! m\nds w seem  
signs ( culture & sagacity to !m4  ,^?  
:o "k _m facts w feel wise6 ,!y w       
despise ^? :o don't4 ,!y w ev5 believe1 
_m ( !m1 t k is p[]4 ,un=tunate dupes ( 
?is say+ w keep on read+1 ambiti\sly1   
till !y h /unn$ _! native initiative1 & 
made _! ?\ghts weak2 & w !n wond] daz$ly
 :at 9 ! _w is ! matt]1 & :y ! great p[]
 !y 7 expect+ to ga9 fails to appe>4    
,aga91 if !y ev] =get :at !y read1 !y'll
 be worri$4 ,^? :o c =get--^? ) fre%    
eyes :o h swept f _! m9ds su* facts z ! 
exact mon? & day t _! *ildr5 7 born1 or 
! numb]s on h\ses1 or ! names 7! m]e    
mean+less labels7 ( ! p !y meet1--w be  

urg$ to g live 9 sanit>iums or see      
memory doctors6                       99
      99      99      99      99  ,by   
nature _! it* is r = kn[+1 ?an = und]/&+
 or ?9k+4 ,"s ( !m w le>n to ?9k1       
d\btless1 & ev5 to conc5trate1 b _!     
eag]ness to acquire ^? accompli%m5ts w n
 be /rong or insi/5t4 ,creatures ^:     
ma9spr+ is curiosity w enjoy !          
accumulat+ ( facts1 f> m ?an ! paus+ at 
times to reflect on ^? facts4 ,if !y d n
 reflect on !m1 ( c\rse !y'll be sl[ to 
f9d out ab\t ! ideas & relation%ips ly+ 
beh9d !m2 & !y w be curi\s ab\t ^?      
ideas2 s y w\ld suppose !y'd reflect4 ,b
 deep ?9k+ is pa9ful4 ,x means !y mu/   
*annel ! spready riv]s ( _! att5tion4 ,t
 _c be done )\t discipl9e & drills = !  
m9d2 & !y w abhor do+ t2 _! m9ds w "w   
bett] :5 !y are left free to run (f at  
tang5ts4  ,comp>e !m 9 ?is ) o!r        
species4 ,ea* has its own k9d ( /r5g?4  
,to be compell$ to be s quick-m9d$ z !  
simians w\ld be torture1 to c[s4 ,c[s   
c\ld dwell on "o idea1 week by week1 )\t

 try+ at all2 b !y'd all h bra9-fev] 9  
an h\r at a simian tea4 ,a sup]-c[ p    
w\ld revel 9 long ?\ghtful books on     
ab/ruse philosophical subjects1 & w\ld  
sit up late read+ !m4 ,mo/ ( ! ambiti\s 
simians :o try x--out ( pride--g to     
sleep4 ,! typical simian bra9 is        
supremely di/ractable1 & x's really too 
jumpy by nature to endure mu*           
reflection4  ,!re=e _m m ( !m w be      
well-in=m$ ?an sagaci\s4  ,?is w result 
9 _! kn[+ mo/ ?+s f> too soon1 at too   
e>ly a /age ( civilization to use !m    
aright4 ,!y w le>n to make valuable     
explosives at a /age 9 _! gr[?1 :5 !y w 
use !m n only 9 indu/ries1 b = kill+    
brave m54 ,!y w devise ways to m9e coal 
effici5tly1 9 enorm\s am\nts1 at a /age 
:5 !y won't "k en\gh to cons]ve x1 & w  
wa/e _! few /ores4 ,!y w use up a lot ( 
x 9 a simian habit#c call$ travel4 ,?is 
w consi/ 9 que] little hurri$ runs ov] !
 globe1 to see t5 ?\s& ?+s 9 ! hope (   
?us fill+ _! m9ds4        #c ,ev5 9 a   
wild /ate1 ! monkey is re/less & does n 

live 9 lairs4  ,_! m9ds w be full en\gh4
 ,_! intellig5ce w be active & ke54 ,x w
 h a con/ant t5d5cy h[ev] to out/rip _! 
wisdom4 ,_! intellig5ce w enable !m to  
build great indu/rial sy/ems be=e !y h !
 wisdom & goodness to run !m aright4 ,!y
 w =m great] political empires ?an !y w 
h /r5g? to guide4 ,!y w endlessly qu>rel
 ab\t :i* is ! be/ s*eme ( gov]nm5t1 )\t
 /opp+ to realize t le>n+ to gov]n comes
 fir/4 7,! av]age simian w imag9e he    
kn[s )\t le>n+47  ,! natural result w be
 indu/rial & political w>s4 ,9 a _w (   
unmanageable /ructures1 wild sma%es mu/ 
come4     ,,t5   ,inv5tions w come s    
easily to simians 79 comp>ison ) all o!r
 creatures7 & !y w take su* *ildi%      
pleasure 9 monkey+ ar\nd1 mak+          
inv5tions1 t _! _m devices w be m ( a   
c>e ?an a com=t4 ,9 _! homes a l>ge "p (
 _! "t w h to be sp5t keep+ _! num]\s   
+5uities 9 good work+ ord]--_! elaborate
 bell-r++ arrangem5ts1 _! locks & _!    
clocks4 ,9 ! field ( sci5ce to be sure1 
?is f]tility 9 inv5tion w lead to a long

 li/ ( important & beautiful discov]ies3
 telescopes & ! calculus1 radiographs1 &
 ! spectrum4 ,discov]ies great en\gh1   
almo/1 to make angels ( !m4 ,b "h aga9  
_! simian-ness w *eat !m ( half ( _!    
dues1 = !y w neglect great discov]ies ( 
! true/ importance1 & honor             
extravagantly ^? ( less value & spl5dor 
if only !y cat] especially to simian    
traits4  ,to consid] examples3 ,a       
discov]y t helps !m to talk1 j to talk1 
m & m1 w be hail$ by ^! be+s z "o ( !   
highe/ ( triumphs4 ,talk+ to ea* o!r ov]
 wires w come 9 ?is class4 ,! lightn+ :5
 h>ness$ & tam$ w be made to trot r\nd1 
convey+ ! mo/ trivial cackl+s all day & 
night4  ,huge seas ( talk ( e sort &    
k9d1 9 pr9t1 spee*1 & writ+1 w roll     
unceas+ly ov] _! civiliz$ realms1       
involv+ an unbelievable wa/e 9 labor &  
"t1 & sapp+ ! intellig5ce talk is       
suppos$ to upbuild4 ,9 a simian         
civilization1 great halls w be erect$ = 
lectures1 & great ?rongs w actually pay 
to g inside at night to he> "s          

self-satisfi$ talk-mak] *att] = h\rs4   
,almo/ any subject w d = a lecture1 or  
talk2 yet v few subjects w be c\nt$     
important en\gh = ! av]age man to d any 
?9k+ on !m1 (f by himself4  ,9 _!       
futuri/ books !y w dream ( an ev5 worse 
/ate1 a m dreadful indulg5ce 9          
communication ?an ! "o j describ$4 ,?is 
!y'll hope to a*ieve by a sy/em call$   
m5tal telepa?y4 ,!y w long to           
communicate wordlessly1 m9d imp++ on    
m9d1 until all _! m9ds are awa% )       
messages e mom5t1 & )drawal f ! /ream is
 impossible any:]e on e>?4 ,?is w fo/] !
 bro!rhood ( man4 7,conglom]at5ess be+  
_! ideal47 ,sup]-cats w\ld h inv5t$ m   
b>ri]s in/ead ( m *annels4  ,discov]ies 
9 surg]y & m$ic9e w also be ov]-prais$4 
,! reason w be t ! race w s ne$ ^!      
discov]ies4 ,unlike ! great cats1       
simians t5d to und]value ! body4 ,hav+  
less self-respect1 less prop] reg>d = _!
 egos1 !y c>e less ?an ! cats d = ! cas+
 ( ! ego1--! body4 ,! m civiliz$ !y gr[ 
! m !y w let _! bodies det]iorate4 ,!y w

 let _! %\ld]s /oop1 _! lungs %r9k1 & _!
 /oma*s gr[ fat4 ,no o!r species w be q 
s de=m$ & di/ort$4 ,a?letics !y w wat*1 
yes1 b on ! :ole sp>+ly practise4 ,_!   
snuffy old s*ol>s w ev5 be pr\d to decry
 !m4 ,:]e once ! simians swung high     
?r\gh =e/s1 or scamp]$ l de]1 _!        
desc5dants w plod ar\nd f>ms1 or m9ce   
along city /reets1 mov+ con/rict$ly1    
sl[ly1 _! li!ness half gone4  ,!y w ?9k 
( ,nature z some?+ to g out & look at4  
,!y w try to live :olly ap>t f h] & =get
 !y're h] sons4 ,=get8 ,!y w ev5 d5y x1 
& decl>e !mselves sons ( ,god4 ,9 spite 
( h] wond]s !y w reg>d ,nature z someh[ 
too humble to be ! true p>5t ( su*      
prom95t p z simians4 ,!y w lose all     
respect = ! dignity ( fair ,"m ,e>?1 &  
:isp] to ea* o!r %e is an evil & indec5t
 old p]son4 ,!y w snat* at h] gifts1 pry
 irrev]5tly into h] my/]ies1 & ignore   
half ! w>n+s !y get f h] ab\t h[ to     
live4  ,ailm5ts ( e k9d w ab\nd among   
su* folk1 inevitably1 & !y w resort to  
extraord9>y exp$i5ts 9 _! se>* = relief4

 ,al?\gh squeami% z a race ab\t inflict+
 mu* pa9 9 cold blood1 !y w             
sy/ematically infect o!r animals ) _!   
own rank diseases1 or cut out o!r       
animals' organs1 or kill & dissect !m1  
hop+ ?us to le>n h[ to (fset _! neglect 
( !mselves4 ,conditions among !m w be   
su* t ?is w really be necess>y4 ,few    
besides impractical s5tim5tali/s w !re=e
 oppose x4 ,b ! idea w be to ga9 heal?  
by leg]dema91 by a trick1 in/ead ( by   
tak+ ! tr\ble to live heal?y lives4     
,/range b>rack-l build+s call$ hospitals
 w /& 9 _! cities1 :]e _! trick-m51 !   
surgeons1 w slice !m "r op5 :5 ill2 &   
?\s&s ( zeal\s "y ph>maci/s w mix little
 drugs1 :i* ?\s&s ( wise-look+ simians w
 firmly prescribe4 ,ea* g5]ation w *ange
 its m9d z to ^! drugs1 & laugh at all  
=m] op9ions2 b ea* w use "s ( !m1 & ea* 
w feel assur$ t 9 ?is respect !y "k !   
la/ ^w4  ,&1 9 ob/9ate bl9dness1 ?is p w
 wag _! poor heads1 & attribute _!      
diseases n to simian-ness b to          
civilization4  ,! advantages t any man  

or race has1 c sometimes be h&icaps4    
,hav+ h&s1 :i* s aids a race1 = in/ance1
 c also be h>mful4 ,! simians w d s _m  
?+s ) _! h&s1 x w be bad = _! bodies4   
,in/ead ( roam+ f> & wide ov] ! c\ntry1 
gett+ vigor\s ex]cise1 !y w use _! h&s  
to cat* & tame horses1 build c>riages1  
motors1 & !n :5 !y want a good out+ !y w
 g = a ride1 ) _! bodies slump$ d[n1    
limp & sluggi%1 & los+ _! spr+4  ,!n too
 _! bra9s w d h>m1 & great h>m1 to _!   
bodies4 ,! bra9 w give !m su* an        
advantage ov] all o!r animals t !y w    
ins5sibly be l$ to rely too mu* on x1 to
 give x too free a re91 & to f9d !      
mirrors 9 x too fasc9at+4 ,?is organ1   
?is outgr[?1 ?is new "p ( !m1 w gr[     
ov]-active1 & its _m fe>s & fancies w   
naturally injure ! body4 ,! int]adju/m5t
 is delicate & intimate1 ! /ra9 is      
cont9u\s4 ,:5 ! bra9 fails to act ) !   
body1 or1 worse1 works aga9/ x1 ! body w
 sick5 no matt] :at cures doctors try4  
,z 9 bodily self-respect1 s 9 racial    
self-respect1 !y'll be want+4 ,!y w h   

pl5ty ( racial pride & prejudice1 b t is
 n ! same ?+4 ,t w make !m angry :5     
simians ( "o color mate ) ^? ( ano!r4 ,b
 a g5]al det]ioration 9 physique w cause
 mu* less excitem5t4  ,!y w talk ab\t   
improv+ ! race--!y w talk ab\t ev]y?+--b
 !y won't use _! *ances to d x4 ,:5ev] a
 new discov]y makes life less h>d1 =    
example1 ^! he$less be+s w seldom       
pres]ve ?is advantage1 or use _! new    
weal? to take m "t !reaft] = ?\ght1 or  
to ga9 heal? & /r5g? or d any?+ else to 
make ! race bett]4 ,in/ead1 !y w use !  
new ease j to increase 9 numb]s2 & !y w 
keep on at ?is until mis]y once m has   
*eck$ !m4 ,life w !n be z h>d z ev]1    
naturally1 & ! *ance w be gone4  ,!y w h
 a prov]b1 ,! poor ye h always )        
y1--said by "o :o knew simians4  ,_!    
+5i\s m9ds w h an answ] to ?is4 ,!y w   
argue x is well t life %\ld be ,sp>tan &
 h>d1 because ( ! discipl9e & its       
/r5g!n+ effects on ! "*4 ,b ! good      
effects ( ?is sort ( discipl9e w be mix$
 ) sad wreckage4 ,& only creatures      

incapable ( discipl9+ !mselves c\ld ?us 
argue4 ,x is an odd exp$i5t to get      
y\rself into tr\ble j = discipl9e's     
sake4  ,! fact is1 h[ev]1 ! argum5t     
won't be s9c]e4 ,:5 _! nations gr[ s    
ov]-popul\s & _! families s l>ge x means
 mis]y1 t w n be a sign ( _! hav+ felt  
ready = discipl9e4 ,x w be a sign ( _! n
 hav+ practis$ x 9 _! sexual lives4     
,,elev5   ,! simians are always be+     
/irr$ by desire & passion4 ,x con/antly 
excites !m1 con/antly runs ?r\gh _!     
m9ds4 ,wild or tame1 primitive or       
cultur$1 ?is is a br& ( ! bre$4 ,o!r    
species h times & seasons = sexual      
matt]s1 b ! simian-folk are ?us         
preoccupi$ all ! ye> r\nd4  ,?is        
sup]-abundance ( desire is n necess>ily 
good or bad1 ( itself4 ,b to %ape x = ! 
be/ x w h to be /udi$--& fac$4 ,?is !y w
 n d4 ,"s ( !m won't l to /udy x1 deem+ 
x bad--deem+ x bad yet yield+ con/antly 
to x4 ,o!rs w hesitate because !y w deem
 x s sacr$1 or w secretly fe> t /udy    
might %[ !m x ought to be curb$4        

,meantime1 ?is "p ( _! nature w be      
color+ all _! activities4 ,x w beautify 
_! arts1 & erotically confuse _!        
religions4 ,x w l5d a little int]e/ to  
ev5 _! dull social functions4 ,x w keep 
alive degrad+ social evils 9 all _!     
great t[ns4 ,?r\gh ^! latt] evils1 too1 
_! politics w be corrupt$2 especially _!
 be/ & mo/ democratic attempts at       
self-gov]nm5t4 ,self-gov]nm5t works be/ 
among ^? :o h le>n$ to self-gov]n4      
99      99      99      99      99  ,9 !
 f> di/ant ages t lie be=e u :at w be ! 
result ( ?is con/ant preoccupation )    
desire8 ,w x kill u or save u8 ,w ?is   
trait & our insatiable curiosity int]act
 on ea* o!r8 ,t might fur!r eug5ics4 ,t 
might give u a bett] *ance to bre$ f9ely
 ?an all o!r species4                   
99      99      99      99      99  ,we 
already owe a great deal to passion3 m  
?an m5 ev] realize4 ,wasn't x ,d>w9 :o  
once ev5 risk$ ! conjecture t ! vocal   
organs !mselves 7 develop$ = sexual     
purposes1 ! object be+ to call or *>m   

"o's mate4 ,h5ce--p]haps--only animals t
 7 cont9u\sly conc]n$ ) _! mat+s w\ld be
 at all likely to =m an elaborate       
language4 ,& )\t an elaborate language1 
gr[? is apt to be sl[4  ,if we owe ?is  
to passion1 :at foll[s8 ,does x mean1 = 
example1 t ! m diff]5t mates t ea*      
simian once le>n$ to *>m1 ! m rapidly   
language1 & ) x civilization1 advanc$8  
,,twelve   ,a doctor1 :o 0 mak+ a /udy (
 monkeys1 once told me t he 0 try+      
exp]im5ts t bore on ! polygamy "q4 ,he  
_h a "y monkey nam$ ,jack :o _h mat$ ) a
 female nam$ ,jill2 & 9 ano!r cage ano!r
 newly-w$d$ pair1 ,arabella & ,ar*]4    
,ea* pair seem$ absorb$ 9 ea* o!r1 &    
devot$ & happy4 ,!y ev5 hugg$ ea* o!r at
 mealtime & ex*ang$ bits ( food4  ,aft] 
a "t _! transports grew less fi]y1 & _! 
affections less fix$4 ,ar*] got a bit   
bor$4 ,he 0 dec5t ab\t x1 ?\gh1 & :5    
,arabella cuddl$ beside him he w\ld m or
 less p]functorily embrace h]4 ,b :5 he 
=got1 %e grew cross4  ,! same ?+ occurr$
 a little lat] 9 ! ,jack & ,jill cage1  

only !re x 0 ,jill :o became a little   
tir$ ( ,jack4  ,soon ea* pair 0 qu>rel+4
 ,!y usually made up1 pretty soon1 &    
/>t$ lov+ aga94 ,b x pet]$ out2 ea* "t m
 quickly4  ,illu/ration3 ,ar*] felt bor$
  ,mean:ile ! two families _h become    
int]e/$ 9 wat*+ ea* o!r4 ,:5 ,jill _h   
repuls$ ,jack1 & he _h mop$ ab\t x      
a:ile1 he w\ld beg9 />+ at ,arabella1   
ov] opposite1 & try+ to attract h]      
att5tion4 ,?is got ,jack 9 tr\ble all   
ar\nd4 ,arabella indignantly made faces 
at him & !n turn$ h] back2 & z = ,jill1 
%e grew furi\s1 & tore out 8 fur4  ,b 9 
! next /age1 !y ev5 /opp$ hat+ ea* o!r4 
,ea* pair grew indiff]5t4  ,!n ! doctor 
put ,jack 9 ) ,arabella1 & ,ar*] )      
,jill4 ,arabella promptly yield$ to     
,jack4 ,new devotion4 ,m transports4    
,jill & ,ar*] 7 %ock$4 ,jill clung to ! 
b>s ( h] cage1 quiv]+1 & scream+        
remon/rance2 & ev5 blase ,ar*] *att]$   
angrily at "s ( ! sc5es4 ,!n ! doctor   
hung curta9s betwe5 ! cages to %ut out !
 view4 ,jill & ,ar*]1 left to ea* o!r1  

grew int]e/$4 ,!y soon 7 insep>able4  ,!
 f\r monkeys1 ?us re-di/ribut$1 7 n[    
happy once m1 & full ( new livel9ess &  
_s4 ,b be=e v long1 ea* pair qu>rel$--& 
made up--& qu>rel$--& !n grew indiff]5t1
 & _h cynical ?\ghts ab\t life4  ,at ?is
 po9t1 ! doctor put !m back ) _! orig9al
 mates4  ,&--!y met ) a ru%6 ,gave cries
 ( recognition & joy1 l fai?ful s\ls    
reunit$4 ,& :5 !y 7 tir$1 !y            
affectionately curl$ up toge!r2 & hugg$ 
ea* o!r ev5 at mealtime1 & ex*ang$ bits 
( food4                       99      99
      99      99      99  ,?is 0 z f> z 
! doctor _h gott51 at ! "t t ,i met him2
 & z ,i h lo/ t\* ) him s9ce1 ,i don't  
"k h[ ?+s 7 aft]w>d4 ,8 !ory at ! "t 01 
t v>iety 0 good = fidelity4  ,s _m ( u  
feel ?is way1 x may be 9 ! blood1 he    
conclud$4 ,"s creatures1 su* z wolves1  
are m s]i\s2 or p]haps m cold-blood$4   
,nev] mate b once4 ,well--we're n       
wolves4 ,we c't make wolves our models4 
,( c\rse we are n monkeys ei!r1 b at any
 rate !y are our c\s9s4 ,p]haps wolves c

 be cont95t )\t any tr\ble at all1 b x's
 h>d] = simians3 x may affect _! n]v\s  
sy/ems injuri\sly4 ,if we want to "k h[ 
to behave1 accord+ to ! way ,nature made
 u1 ,i say t ) all due all[ances we %\ld
 /udy ! monkeys4  ,to be sure1 ^!       
p>ticul> monkeys 7 liv+ 9 idl5ess4 ,?is 
corresponds to liv+ 9 high social       
circles ) u1 :]e m5 d n h to "w1 & lack 
"s ( ! common inc5tives to home-build+4 
,! exp]im5t 0 n conclusive4  ,/ill1 ev5 
9 l[ social circles--     ,,?irte5      
,are we or are we n simians8 ,x is no   
use = any man to try to ?9k any?+ else  
out until he has decid$ fir/ ( all :]e  
he /&s on t "q4 ,x is n only 9 love     
affairs3 let u lay all t aside = !      
mom5t4 ,x is 9 e?ics1 economics1 art1   
education1 philosophy1 :at-n4 ,if we are
 fall5 angels1 we %\ld g ?is road3 if we
 are sup]-apes1 t4  ,our problem is n to
 discov] :at we ought to d if we 7      
diff]5t1 b :at we ought to d1 be+ :at we
 are4 ,!re is no end to ! be+s we c     
imag9e diff]5t f ourselves2 b !y d n    

exi/1 & we _c be sure !y w\ld be bett]  
?an we if !y did4 ,=1 :5 we imag9e !m1  
we mu/ imag9e _! entire environm5t2 !y  
w\ld h to be a "p ( "s :ole t does n n[ 
exi/4 ,& t new :ole1 t new reality1 be+ 
m]ely a figm5t ( our little m9ds1 w\ld  
probably be inf]ior to ! reality t is4  
,= !re is ?is to be said 9 favor (      
reality3 t we h no?+ to comp>e x )4 ,our
 fantasies are always incomplete1       
because !y are fantasies4 ,& reality is 
complete4 ,we _c comp>e _! incomplet5ess
 ) its complet5ess4#d        #d ,f an   
anonym\s article entitl$ ,tol/oy &      
,russia 9       ! ,london ,times1 ,sept4
 #bf1 #aiah4  ,too _m morali/s beg9 ) a 
dislike ( reality3 a dislike ( m5 z !y  
are4 ,!y are free to dislike !m--b n at 
! same "t to be morali/s4 ,_! feel+     
leads !m to ignore ! obligation :i* %\ld
 re/ on all tea*]s1 to discov] ! be/ t  
man c d1 n to set impossibilities be=e  
him & tell him t if he does n p]=m !m he
 is damn$4  ,man is moldable2 v2 & x is 
desirable t he %\ld aspire4 ,b he is apt

 to be ha/y ab\t accept+ any & all g5]al
 ideals )\t figur+ out :e!r !y are      
suitable = simian use4  ,"o result ( 8  
habit ( swall[+ :ole mo/ ( ! ideals t   
occur to him1 is t he has swall[$ a     
numb] t /rongly conflict4 ,any ideal    
:atev] /ra9s our dige/ions if x is h>d  
to assimilate3 b :5 two at once act on u
 9 diff]5t ways1 x is unbe>able4 ,9 su* 
a case1 ! poets w pref] ! ideal t's     
ideale/3 ! h>d-head$ in/9ctively *oose !
 "o adapt$ to simians4  ,:5ev] ?is is   
argu$1 extremi/s spr+ up on ea* side4   
,"o extremi/ w say t be+ m]e simians we 
_c transc5d mu*1 & w seem to ?9k t hav+ 
limitations we %\ld pres]ve !m =ev]4 ,! 
o!r w decl>e t we are n m]ely simians1  
nev] 7 j pla9 animals2 or1 if we 71 s\ls
 7 someh[ smuggl$ 9 to u1 s9ce :i* "t we
 h be5 diff]5t4 ,we h all be5 p]fect at 
he>t s9ce t date1 equipp$ ) beautiful   
spirits1 :i* only a /range p]v]se       
ob/9acy leads u to soil4  ,:at ?is      
ob/9acy is1 is ! problem t confronts    
!ologians4 ,!y won't ?9k ( x z          

simian-ness2 !y call x orig9al s94 ,!y  
reg>d x z ! voice ( "s devil1 & say good
 m5 %\ld n li/5 to x4 ,! sci5ti/s say x 
isn't a devil1 x is "p ( our nature1 :i*
 %\ld ( c\rse be civiliz$ & guid$1 b    
%\ld n be /amp$ out4 7,x might mutilate 
u dang]\sly to become "u-simianiz$4     
,look at ,mrs4 ,humphry ,w>d & ,george  
,wa%+ton4 ,wor?y s\ls1 b no flavor47    
99      99      99      99      99  ,9 e
 field ( ?\ght !n1 two s*ools appe>1 t  
are divid$ on ?is3 ,mu/ we =ev] be at   
he>t high-grade simians8 ,or are we at  
he>t some?+ else8  ,= example1 9        
education1 we h 9 ! ma9 two great       
sy/ems4 ,"o dep5ds ^u discipl9e4 ,! o!r 
on excit+ ! int]e/4 ,! tea*] :o does n  
recognize or all[ = our simian nature1  
keeps little *ildr5 at "w = long p]iods 
at dull & dry tasks4 ,)\t "s su*        
discipl9e1 he fe>s t 8 boys w lack      
/r5g?4 ,! o!r sy/em believes !y w le>n m
 :5 _! int]e/ is r\s$2 & :5 _! m9ds1 :i*
 are mobile by nature1 are all[$ to keep
 mov+4  ,or 9 politics3 ! be/ gov]nm5t =

 simians seems to be bas$ on a p>liam5t3
 a talk-room1 :]e endless vague ?\ghts c
 be express$4 ,?is is ! natural *ild (  
^? primeval sessions t gave pleasure to 
apes4 ,x is nei!r an ideal nor a        
rational arrangem5t ( c\rse4 ,small     
executive committees w\ld be bett]4 ,b n
 if we are simians4  ,or 9 indu/ry3 ,:y 
d factory work]s produce m 9 eight h\rs 
a day ?an 9 t58 ,x is absurd4 ,sup]-%eep
 c\ld n d x4 ,b t is ! way m5 are made4 
,to prea* to su* be+s ab\t ! dignity (  
labor is futile4 ,! dignity ( labor is n
 a simian conception at all4 ,true      
simians hate to h to "w /eadily3 !y call
 x gr9d & conf9em5t4 ,!y are always     
ready to pity ! toil]s :o are condemn$  
to ?is fate1 & to congratulate ^? :o    
escape x1 or :o c d some?+ else4 ,:5 !y 
see "s p]=m] 9 spangles risk 8 life1 at 
a circus1 sw++ ar\nd on trapezes1 high  
up 9 ! air1 & :5 !y are told he mu/ d x 
daily1 d !y pity him8 ,no6              
,sup]-elephants w\ld say1 & q prop]ly1  
,:at a horrible life6 ,b x naturally    

seems /imulat+ to simians4 ,boys envy ! 
fell[4 ,on ! o!r h& :5ev] we are told   
ab\t factory life1 we in/9ctively %udd] 
to ?9k ( endur+ su* evils4 ,we see "s   
old workman1 fill+ cans ) a :irr+ ma*9e2
 & we he> ! humanit>ians tell+ u1       
indignant & griev+1 t he actually mu/ /&
 9 t nice1 w>m1 dry room e day1 safe f  
/orms & wild bea/s1 & ) no?+ to d b fill
 cans2 & at once we groan3 ,h[ deadly6  
,:at monoton\s toil6 ,%ort5 8 h\rs6 ,8  
"w w\ld seem blissful to sup]-spid]s1--b
 to u x's intol]able4 ,! factory sy/em  
is meant = o!r species ?an ours4  ,our  
monkey-blood is also app>5t 9 our       
judgm5ts ( crime4 ,if a crime is        
committ$ on impulse1 we p>tly =give x4  
,:y8 ,because1 be+ simians1 ) a weakness
 = yield+ to impulses1 we l to excuse   
ourselves by feel+ n acc\ntable = !m4   
,elephants w\ld h probably tak5 an      
opposite /&4 ,!y ar5't creatures (      
impulse1 & w\ld be %ock$ at crimes due  
to su* causes2 _! fault is ! opposite "o
 ( pond]+ too long ov] injuries1 &      

becom+ v9dictive 9 ! end1 out ( all due 
proportion4 ,if a "y sup]-elephant 7 to 
murd] ano!r on impulse1 !y w\ld consid] 
him a dang]\s "* & /r+ him "r up4 ,b if 
he c\ld prove t he _h long ?\ght ( do+  
x1 !y w\ld t5d to =give him4 ,poor      
fell[1 he brood$1 !y w\ld say4 ,t's     
upsett+ to any "o4  ,z to mode/y &      
dec5cy1 if we are simians we h done     
well1 consid]+3 b if we are some?+      
else--fall5 angels--we h inde$ fall5 f>4
 ,n be+ mode/ by in/9ct we inv5t        
artificial ideals1 :i* are d\btless     
well-mean+ b are inh]5tly ( c\rse       
second-rate1 s t ev5 at our be/ we smell
 prudi%4 ,& z = our wor/1 :5 we z we say
 let ourselves g1 we dirty ! life-=ce   
unspeakably1 ) *uckles & le]s4 ,b a race
 s indec5t by nature z ! simians are    
w\ld naturally h a h>d "t behav+ z ?\gh 
!y 7 n3 & ! /ra9 ( pret5d+ t _! ?\ghts 7
 all pretty & sweet1 w\ld naturally s5d 
!m to smutty extremes = relief4 ,! /&>ds
 ( purity we h adopt$ are f> too        
/rict--= simians4     ,,f\rte5   ,we 7  

speak+ a :ile ago ( ! f]tility ) :i*    
simians bre$4 ,?is is p>tly due to !    
con/ant love int]e/ !y take 9 ea* o!r1 b
 x is also re5=c$ by _! reliance on     
numb]s4 ,t reliance w be deep1 s9ce1 to 
_! numb]s1 !y w owe mu* success4 ,x w be
 ?us t !y w drive out o!r species1 &    
g>rison ! globe4 ,su* a race w\ld       
naturally come to e/eem f]tility4 ,x w  
seem pr(ane n to4  ,z "t goes on1 h[ev]1
 ! advantage ( numb]s w end2 & 9 _!     
high] /ages1 l>ge numb]s w be a great   
drawback4 ,! res\rces ( a planet are    
limit$1 at ea* /age ( ! arts4 ,also1 !re
 is only a limit$ space on a planet4    
,yet x w come h>d to !m to ?9k ( ev]    
*eck+ _! increase4 ,!y w br+ m "y into  
exi/5ce ?an !y c ei!r keep well or fe$4 
,! e>? w be cov]$ ) !m ev]y:]e1 z f> z  
eye c see4 ,nor? & s\?1 ea/ & we/1 !re w
 always be simians huddl+4 ,_! cities w 
be f> m di/ress+ ?an cities ( v]m91--=  
v]m9 are heal?y & calm & successful 9   
life4  ,ah1 ^? masses ( p--un9tellig5t1 
sup]/iti\s1 unciviliz$6 ,:at a dismal   

dra9 !y w be on ! race's /r5g?6 ,n m]ely
 w !y less5 its ultimate *ance (        
a*ievem5t2 _! h>d%ips w always di/ress &
 preoccupy m9ds1--f9e1 g5]\s m9ds1--t   
might h done great ?+s if free3 t might 
h done some?+ con/ructive at lea/1 = _! 
era1 in/ead ( be+ burn$ out attack+ m]e 
anodyne-problems4  ,nature w d :at x c  
to less5 ! /ra91 provid+ an appropriate 
rem$y = _! bad behavior 9 plagues4 ,_m  
epo*s w pass be=e ! simians w le>n or   
d>e to control !m--= !y won't ?9k !y c1 
any m ?an !y d>e control propagation4   
,!y w rev]5tly call _! propagation &    
plagues acts ( ,god4 ,:5 !y get tir$ (  
rev]5ce & /op _! plagues1 x w be too    
soon4 ,_! inv5tiv5ess w be--z           
usual--ahead ( _! wisdom2 & !y w        
un=tunately end ! good effects ( plagues
 7z a *eck7 be=e !y are advanc$ en\gh to
 keep d[n _! numb]s !mselves4           
,mean:ile1 :51 ow+ to ! pressure ( o!r  
desires1 any gr\p ( primates does happ5 
to become less prolific1 !y w feel      
a%am$1 talk ( race suicide1 & call      

!mselves decad5t4 ,& !y w (t5 be "r3 =  
?\gh "s regulation ( ! bir?-rate is an  
obvi\s good1 & its dim9ution (t5        
desirable 9 any planet's hi/ory1 yet    
among simians x w be apt to come f      
second-rate motives4 ,gre$1 selfi%ness  
or fe>-?\ghts w be ! inc5tives1 !       
bribes4 ,contrivances1 r ?an cont95ce1 w
 be ! me?od4 ,h[ audaci\s1 & h[         
disconc]t+ to ,nature1 to baffle h] ?us6
 ,ev5 into h] %r9e !y mu/ ?ru/ _! bold  
paws to control h]4 ,ano!r race view+ !m
 9 ! g>l&$ *amb]s ( love1 unpack+ _!    
s+ul> devices1 might ?9k !m grotesque3 b
 ! busy little simians w be bl9d to su* 
qua9t incongruities4  ,/ill1 !re is a   
great gift t _! excess ( passion w be/[ 
on ?is race3 x w give !m romance4 ,x w  
tea* !m :at little !y ev] w le>n ab\t   
love4 ,o!r animals h little romance3 !re
 is none 9 ! rut3 t seasonal madness t  
drives !m to mate ) p]haps ! fir/ com]4 
,b ! simians w atta9 to a f9e           
discrim9ation 9 love1 & ?is w be _! pa? 
to ! only spiritual heights !y c rea*4  

,=1 9 love1 _! inmo/ selves w draw ne>1 
9 ! sil5ce ( tru?2 le>n+ little by      
little :at ! deepe/ s9c]ity means1 & :at
 clean he>ts & m9ds & :at cry/al-cle>   
sight x dem&s4 ,su* int]communication ( 
_s ) _s is at ! beg9n+ ( all true       
und]/&+4 ,x is ! beg9n+ ( sil5t cosmic  
wisdom3 x may lead to kn[+ ! ways ( t   
p[] call$ ,god4     ,,fifte5   ,n cont5t
 ) ! :ole ( a planet & !mselves too1 to 
/udy1 ?is race's *ildr5 w also /udy !   
heav5s4 ,h[ few k9ds ( creatures w\ld   
ev] h felt t impulse1 & yet h[ natural x
 w seem to ^!6 ,h[ b\ndless & magnific5t
 is ! curiosity ( ^! t9y be+s1 :o sit & 
pe] out at ! night f _! small :irl+     
globe1 consid]+ deeply ! huge cold seas 
( space1 & le>n+ ) wond]ful skill to    
measure ! />s4  ,9 /udies s va/1 h[ev]1 
!y are te/$ to ! core4 ,9 ^! great      
j\rneys ! travel] mu/ pay de> = 8 flaws4
 ,= x always is :5 y mo/ f9ely are ex]t+
 y\r /r5g? t e weakness y h mo/ tells   
aga9/ y4  ,"o weakness ( ! primates is !
 "* ( _! self-consci\sness4 ,?is useful 

faculty1 t c probe s deep1 has "o naive 
defect--x relies too readily on its own 
f9d+s4 ,x doesn't suspect en\gh its own 
unconfess$ pr$ilections4 ,x assumes t x 
c be completely imp>tial--b isn't4 ,to  
in/ance an obvi\s way 9 :i* x w betray  
!m3 be+s t are int5sely self-consci\s & 
aw>e ( _! selves1 w also in/9ctively    
feel t _! univ]se is4 ,:at active       
pr9ciple animates ! _w1 !y w ask4 ,a    
great bl9d =ce8 ,x is possible4 ,b !y w 
recoil f admitt+ any su* possibility4 ,a
 self-aw>e purposeful =ce !n8 ,t is     
bett]6 7,m simian47 ,a bl9d =ce c't h   
be5 ! creator ( all4 ,x's un?9kable4    
,any !ory _! bra9s f9d un?9kable _c be  
true4  7,?is is n to argue t x really is
 a bl9d =ce--or ! opposite4 ,x is m]ely 
an in/ance ( h[ little imp>tial !y are47
                       99      99       
99      99      99  ,a second typical   
weakness ( ?is race w come f _! fe>s4   
,!y are n ei!r self-suffic+ or gallant  
en\gh to travel great roads )\t         
cr++1--cle>-ey$1 unafraid4 ,!y are f9ely

 made1 b n nobly made1--9 t s5se4 ,!y w 
!re=e h a too urg5t ne$ ( religion4 ,few
 primates h ! c\rage to face--alone--!  
/ill inn] my/]ies3 ,inf9ity1 ,space &   
,"t4 ,!y w ?9k x too t]rible1 !y w feel 
x w\ld turn !m to wat]1 to live ?r\gh   
une>?ly mom5ts ( vision )\t cre$s or    
beliefs4 ,s !y'll get beliefs fir/4 ,ah1
 poor creatures6 ,! c>t be=e ! horse6   
,ah1 ! blasphemy 7pitiful67 ( _! seek+  
high spiritual temples1 ) god-maps or   
bibles ab\t !m1 made bel[ 9 advance6    
,?9k ( _! ent]+ into ! pres5ce ( ,tru?1 
decl>+ s l\dly & boldly !y "k h]        
already1 yet f> f will+ to /& or fall by
 h] flames--to rise l a pho5ix or die z 
an honorable c9d]6--b creep+ 91 clad 9  
_! que] bl9dfold$ beliefs1 design$ to   
%ield !m f h] /]n1 bright te/s6 ,?9k (  
,tru? sadly--or m]rily--eye+ su* worms6 
,,sixte5   ,imag9e y are wat*+ ! ,b&>log
 at play 9 ! =e/4 ,z y behold !m &      
compreh5d _! natures1 n[ hugely brave & 
boa/ful1 n[ full ( dread1 ! mo/ weakly  
emotional ( any intellig5t species1 ev] 

try+ to attract ! notice ( "s great]    
animal1 n happy inde$ unless notic$1--is
 x n pla9 !y are b\nd to inv5t ?+s call$
 gods8 ,don't ?9k = ! mom5t ( :e!r !re  
are gods or n2 ?9k ( h[ sure ^! be+s    
w\ld be to inv5t !m4 7,n wait to f9d    
!m47 ,hav+ small self-reliance !y c n   
be> to face life alone4 ,) no           
self-suffic+ness1 !y mu/ h ! c\nt5ance (
 o!rs4 ,x is ^! press+ ne$s t w hurry ! 
primates to build1 out ( ea* %r$ ( tru? 
!y c possibly twi/ to _! purpose1 & out 
( imag9+s t w impress !m because !y are 
va/1 deity aft] deity to prop up _!     
s\ls4  ,:at a /range company !y w be1 ^!
 gods1 9 _! day1 ea* ( !m an old be>d$  
simian up 9 ! sky1 :o beg9s by fi%+ !   
univ]se out ( a void1 l a conjur] tak+ a
 rabbit out ( a hat4 7,a hat :i*1 if x  
resembl$ a void1 wasn't !re47 ,& aft]   
creat+ enorm\s suns & sph]es1 & fill+ ! 
f>!/ heav5s ) va/] />s1 "o god w turn   
back & long = ! smell ( roa/ fle%1 ano!r
 w call des]t tribes to holy w>s1 & a   
?ird w grieve ab\t divorce or danc+4    

,all gods t any gr\ps ( simians ev]     
conceive (1 f ! wood5e/ little idol 9 ! 
=e/ to ! mightie/ ,_s1 no matt] h[ mu*  
!y may diff]1 w h "o trait 9 common3 a  
read9ess to drop any cosmic affair at   
%ort notice1 focus _! m9ds on ! f>-away 
pellet call$ ,e>?1 & become imm$iately  
:olly conc]n$1 aye1 engross$1 ) any     
individual wor%ipp]'s woes or           
desires1--a read9ess to notice a fell[  
:5 he is go+ to b$4 ,?is w br+          
indescribable com=t to simian he>ts2 & a
 god t neglects ?is duty won't la/ v    
long1 no matt] h[ compet5t he may be 9  
o!r respects4  ,b "o mu/ reciprocate4 ,=
 ! mak] ( ! ,cosmos1 z !y see him1 wants
 notic+ too2 he is fond ( ! def]5ce &   
att5tion t simians pay him1 & naturally 
he w be angry if x is )held2--or if he  
is n1 x w be mo/ magnanim\s ( him4 ,h5ce
 pray]s & hymns4 ,h5ce que] vague       
attempts at commun+ ) ?is noble k9sman4 
,to desire communion ) gods is a l(ty   
desire1 b h>d to atta9 ?r\gh an ignobly 
def9ite cre$4 ,deal+ ) ! highe/1 mo/    

wordless /ates ( be+1 ! simians w       
attempt to conceive !m 9 mat]ial =m4 ,!y
 w h beliefs1 = example1 z to ! furni%+s
 & occupations 9 heav54 ,& :y8 ,:y1 to  
help m5 to h religi\s conceptions )\t   
!mselves be+ se]s1--:i* 9 any true s5se 
( religi\s is an impossible plan4       
99      99      99      99      99  ,9  
_! ef=ts to be concrete !y w make _!    
cre$s amus+ly simian4 ,consid] ! simian 
amor\sness ( ,jupit]1 & ! brawls on     
,olympus4 ,aga91 9 ! old ,jewi% ,bible1 
:at tempts ! fir/ pair8 ,! ,tree ( ,k1 (
 c\rse4 ,x appeal$ to ! curiosity ( _!  
nature1 & :o c\ld control t6  ,& ,satan 
9 ! ,bible is di/9ctly a simian's devil4
 ,! snake1 x is kn[n1 is ! animal       
monkeys mo/ dread4 ,h5ce :5 m5 give _!  
devil a def9ite =m !y make him a snake4 
,a race ( sup]-*ick5s w\ld h pictur$ _! 
devil a hawk4     ,,sev5te5   ,:at are !
 h&icaps ?is race w h 9 build+          
religions8 ,! greate/ is ?is3 !y h su*  
small psy*ic p[]s4 ,! ov]-activity ( _! 
m9ds w *oke ! bir? ( su* p[]s1 or dull  

!m4 ,! race w be less 9 t\* ) ,nature1  
"s day1 ?an its dogs4 ,x w sub/itute !  
compass = its once innate s5se (        
direction4 ,x w lose its gifts ( natural
 intuition1 premonition1 & re/1 by      
enc\rag+ its use ( ! m9d to be *eaply   
incessant4  ,?is lack ( psy*ic p[] w    
*eat !m ( insight & poise2 = m9ds t are 
w&]+ & active1 n receptive & /ill1 c    
seldom or nev] be hu%$ to a w>m inn]    
peace4  ,"o s]vice ^! re/less m9ds h[ev]
 w d3 !y ev5tually w see ?r\gh !        
religions !y !mselves inv5t$4  ,b ages w
 be ?r[n away 9 repeat+ ?is process4  ,a
 simian cre$ w n be v h>d ?us to pi]ce4 
,:5 =m+ a religion1 !y w be 9 f> too mu*
 ha/e1 to wait to apply a /rict te/ to  
_! holy m5's visions4 ,fur!rmore !y w h 
s few visions1 t any w awe !m2 s        
naturally !y w accept any vision z      
valid4 ,!n _! rapid & f]tile inv5tiv5ess
 w come into play1 & sp9 ! wilde/ cre$s 
f ea* vision liv+ du/ ev] dream$4  ,!y w
 next expect ev]ybody to believe :atev] 
a few m5 h se51 on ! slipp]y gr\nd t if 

y simply try believ+ x1 y w !n feel x's 
true4 ,su* religions are vic>i\s2 _!    
prophets alone w see ,god1 & ! re/ w be 
suppos$ to be introduc$ to him by !     
prophets4 ,^! believ]s w h no :ite      
insight at all ( _! own4  ,n[1 a        
second-h& believ] :o is w>m$ at "o      
remove--if at all--by ! brea? ( ! _s1 w 
want to h exact def9itions 9 ! beliefs  
he accepts4 ,n hav+ _h a vision to g by1
 he ne$s pla9 comm&m5ts4 ,he w always   
try to cry/allize cre$s4 ,& t1 pla9ly1  
is fatal4 ,= z "t goes on1 new & remot] 
aspects ( tru? are discov]$1 :i* c      
seldom or nev] be fitt$ into cre$s t are
 *angeless4                       99    
99      99      99      99  ,ov] & ov]  
aga91 ?is w be ! process3 ,a spiritual  
p]sonality w be born2 see new tru?2 & be
 kill$4 ,8 new tru? n only w n fit into 
too rigid cre$s1 b :atev] false f9ality 
is 9 !m x mu/ contradict4 ,s1 ! se] w be
 kill$4  ,8 tru? be+ mighty1 h[ev]1 x w 
kill ! cre$s too4  ,!re w !n be no?+    
left to believe 9--except ! dead se]4   

,= a few g5]ations he may !n be         
und]/&+ly honor$4 ,b 8 prie/s w feel t  
is n en\gh3 he mu/ be honor$            
uncritically3 s uncritically t1 :atev] 8
 message1 x mu/ be deem$ ! ,:ole ,tru?4 
,"s ( 8 message !y !mselves w h g>bl$2 &
 x 0 n1 at be/1 f9al2 b /ill x w be made
 into a fix$ cre$ & giv5 8 "n4 ,tru? w  
be giv5 8 "n4 ,all m5 :o !reaft] seek   
tru? mu/ f9d only 8 k9d1 else !y won't  
be 8 foll[]s4 7,to be 8 co-seek]s won't 
d47 ,prie/s w always hate any new se]s  
:o seek fur!r = tru?4 ,_! feel+ w be t  
_! se] f\nd x1 & ?us end$ all t4 ,j     
believe :at he says4 ,! job's ov]4 ,no m
 tru? ne$ be s\ght4  ,x's a com=t+ ?+ to
 believe cosmic se>* nicely settl$4     
,?us ! mold w be h>d5$4 ,s new tru?s1 :5
 !y come1 c b break x4 ,!n m5 w feel    
di/raught & disillusion$1 &             
civilizations w fall4  ,?us ea* cycle w 
run4 ,s long z m5 int]tw9e falsehoods ) 
e se]'s visions1 bo? p]i%1 & e          
civilization t is built on !m mu/ p]i%  
too4     ,,eighte5   ,if m5 c ev] le>n  

to accept all _! tru?s z n f9al1 & if !y
 c ev] le>n to build on some?+ bett] ?an
 dogma1 !y may n be f\nd say+1          
disc\rag$ly1 e once 9 s (t51 t e        
civilization c>ries 9 x ! se$s ( decay4 
,x w c>ry su* se$s ) great c]ta9ty1     
?\gh1 :5 !y're put !re1 by ! v race1    
too1 t w lat] deplore ! results4 ,:y    
%\ldn't cre$s tott] :5 !y are j]ry-built
 cre$s8  ,on />s :]e cre$s come late 9 !
 life ( a race2 :]e !y spr+ f ! rip]1 n 
crud]1 reactions ( _s2 :]e !y gr[ out ( 
nobly develop$ psy*ic p[]s t h put _!   
possessors 9 tune ) cosmic music2 & :]e 
no *eap halluc9ations discr$it _! tru?s2
 !y p]haps run a f9]1 m beautiful c\rse 
?an ! simians'1 & op5 ! eyes ( ! s\l to 
f> l(ti] visions4     ,,n9ete5   ,x has 
always be5 a s]i\s matt] = m5 :5 a      
civilization decay$4 ,b x may at "s     
future day prove f> m s]i\s /ill4 ,our  
hold on ! planet is n absolute4 ,our    
desc5dants may lose x4  ,g]ms may d !m  
out ( x4 ,a *e/nut fungus spr+s up1     
defies u1 & kills all our *e/nuts4 ,!   

boll weevil v ne>ly baffles u4 ,! fly   
seems unconqu]able4 ,only a /rong       
civilization1 :5 su* foes are ab\t1 c   
pres]ve u4 ,& our pres5t ef=ts to cope )
 su* be+s are fumbl+ & sl[4  ,we hav5't 
! habit ( c&idly fac+ ?is dang]4 ,we    
read our biological hi/ory b we don't   
take x 94 ,we bl&ly assume we 7 always  
int5d$ to rule1 & t no o!r outcome c\ld 
ev5 be consid]$ by ,nature4 ,?is is "o (
 ! remnants ( ignorance c]ta9 religions 
h left3 b x's odd t m5 :o don't believe 
9 ,ea/] %\ld /ill believe ?is4 ,= !     
facts are ( c\rse ?is is a h>d &        
prec>i\s _w1 :]e e mi/ake & infirmity   
mu/ be paid = 9 full4                   
99      99      99      99      99  ,if 
mank9d ev] is swept aside z a failure   
h[ev]1 :at a brilliant & ent]pris+      
failure he at lea/ w h be54 ,i felt ?is 
) a k9d ( w>m sudd5ness only today1 z ,i
 f9i%$ ^! dream+s & drove ?r\gh ! gates 
( ! p>k4 ,i _h be5 %utt+ my mod]n       
surr\nd+s out ( my ?\ghts1 s completely1
 & liv+ z x 7 9 ! wild _w ( ages ago1 t 

:5 ,i let myself come back sudd5ly to ! 
tw5tie? c5tury1 & />e at ! p>k & ! p1 ! 
*ange 0 trem5d\s4 ,all ar\nd me 7 !     
well-dress$ desc5dants ( primitive      
animals1 :izz+ ab\t 9 bright motors1 pa/
 tall1 so>+ build+s4 ,:at gift$1        
en]getic a*iev]s !y sudd5ly seem$6  ,i  
?\ght ( a photograph ,i _h once se51 ( a
 %ip be+ torp$o$4 ,!re x 01 ! huge1     
f9ely made /ructure1 awa% 9 ! sea1 ) t9y
 black spots hang+ on to its side--crew 
& pass5g]s4 ,! great %ip1 ev5 :ile s9k+1
 0 s mighty1 & ^? atoms s helpless4     
,yet1 x 0 ^? t9y be+s t _h creat$ t %ip4
 ,!y _h plann$ x & built x & guid$ its  
bulk ?r\gh ! waves4 ,!y _h also inv5t$ a
 torp$o t c\ld r5d x asund]4            
99      99      99      99      99  ,x  
is possible t our race may be an        
accid5t1 9 a mean+less univ]se1 liv+ its
 brief life unc>$-=1 on ?is d>k1 cool+  
/>3 b ev5 s--& all ! m--:at m>vel\s     
creatures we are6 ,:at fairy /ory1 :at  
tale f ! ,arabian ,nights ( ! j9ns1 is a
 hundr$? "p z wond]ful z ?is true fairy 

/ory ( simians6 ,x is s mu* m he>t5+1   
too1 ?an ! tales we inv5t4 ,a univ]se   
capable ( giv+ bir? to _m su* accid5ts  
is--bl9d or n--a good _w to live 91 a   
promis+ univ]se4  ,& if !re are no o!r  
su* accid5ts1 if we /& alone1 if all !  
unc\ntable armies ( planets are empty1  
or peopl$ by animals only1 ) no keys to 
?\ght1 !n we h done some?+ s mighty1 :at
 may x n lead to6 ,:at p[]s may we n    
develop be=e ! ,sun dies6 ,we once ?\ght
 we liv$ on ,god's foot/ool3 x may be a 
?rone4  ,?is is no _w = pessimi/s4 ,an  
amoeba on ! bea*1 bl9d & helpless1 a m]e
 bit ( pulp1--t amoeba has gr&sons today
 :o read ,kant & play symphonies4 ,w ^? 
gr&sons 9 turn h desc5dants :o w sail   
?r\gh ! void1 discov] ! foci ( =ces1 !  
means to control !m1 & le>n h[ to m>%al 
! planets & grapple ) space8 ,w\ld x    
aft] all be any m />tl+ ?an our rise f !
 slime8  ,no s5sible amoeba w\ld h ev]  
believ$ = a m9ute t any ( 8 mo/ remote  
*ildr5 w\ld build & run dynamos4 ,few   
s5sible m5 ( today /op to feel1 9 _!    

he>ts1 t we live 9 ! v same _w :]e t    
miracle happ5$4  ,?is _w1 & our racial  
adv5ture1 are magical /ill4     ,,tw5ty 
,yet al?\gh = high-spirit$ m>*]s ! m>*  
is suffici5t1 !re /ill is t o!r way (   
look+ at x t we d>e n =get4 ,our        
adv5ture may satisfy u3 does x satisfy  
,nature8 ,%e is lett+ u camp = a:ile "h 
among ! wreck$ gravey>ds ( mighti]      
dyna/ies1 n "o ( :i* met h] te/s4 ,_!   
bones are ! message ! epo*s %e murd]$ h 
left u3 we h le>n$ to deciph] _! sick5+ 
w>n+ at la/4                       99   
99      99      99      99  ,yes1 & ev5 
if we are p]mitt$ to h a long reign1 &  
are n laid away ) ! failures1 are we a  
success8  ,we ne$ s mu* spiritual       
insight1 & we h s little4 ,our air%ips  
may "s day float ov] ! hills (          
,arcturus1 b h[ w t help u if we _c f9d 
! s\l ( ! _w8 ,is t s\l alive & lov+8 or
 cruel8 or call\s8 or dead8  ,we h no   
sure vision4 ,hopes1 guesses1 beliefs--t
 is all4  ,!re are s\nds we are deaf to1
 !re are /range sights invisible to u4  

,!re are :ole realms ( spl5dor1 x may   
be1 ( :i* we are he$less2 & :i* we are z
 bl9d to z ants to ! call ( ! sea4      
,life is enorm\sly flexible--look at all
 t we've done to our dogs1--b we c>ry   
our hairy pa/ ) u :]ev] we g4 ,! wise   
,/4 ,b]n>ds & ! selfi% toy lap-dogs are 
bro!rs1 & "s ?+s are possible = !m &    
o!rs are n4 ,s ) u4 ,!re are def9ite    
limits to simian civilizations1 due 9 "p
 to "s primitive traits t help keep u   
alive1 & 9 "p to ! m]e fact t e be+ has 
to be some?+1 & :5 "o is a simian "o is 
n also ev]y?+ else4 ,our ma9-spr+s are  
fix$1 & our pr9cipal traits are         
deep-root$4 ,we _c n[ re-live ! ages ^: 
impr9t we be>4  ,we h b to look back on 
our pa/ to h hope 9 our future3 b--x w  
be only our future1 n "s o!r race's4 ,we
 %all w9 our own triumphs1 yet "k t !y  
w\ld h be5 diff]5t1 _h we c>$ above all 
= creativ5ess1 beauty1 or love4         
99      99      99      99      99  ,s  
we run ab\t1 busy & active1 m>oon$ on   
?is />1 always viol5tly /ruggl+1 yet )  

no cle>ly se5 goal be=e u4 ,m51 animals1
 insects--:at tribe ( u asks any object1
 except to keep try+ to satisfy its own 
ma/] appetite8 ,if ! ants 7 e>?'s lords 
!y w\ld make no m use ( _! lord%ip ?an  
to le>n & enjoy e possible me?od (      
toil+4 ,cats w\ld sp5d _! span ( life1  
say1 try+ new k9ds ( guile4 ,& we1 :o   
crave s mu* to "k1 crave s little b     
kn[+4 ,"s ( u wi% to "k ,nature mo/2 ^? 
are ! sci5ti/s4 ,o!rs1 ! sa9ts &        
philosoph]s1 wi% to "k ,god4 ,bo? are   
alike 9 _! he>ts1 yes1 9 spite ( _!     
qu>rels4 ,bo? seek to assuage1 to no    
end1 ! old simian ?ir/4  ,if we want$ to
 be ,gods--b ah1 c we grasp t ambition8 
,a ,,note ,,on ,,! ,,type ,,9 ,,:i*     
,,?is ,,book ,,is ,,set  ,! text ( ?is  
book 0 set on ! l9otype 9 ,bask]ville4  
,! pun*es = ?is face 7 cut "u !         
sup]vision ( ,george ,w4 ,jones1 an     
em95t ,engli% pr9t]4 ,l9otype           
,bask]ville is a facsimile cutt+ f type 
ca/ f ! orig9al matrices ( a face       
design$ by ,john ,bask]ville4 ,! orig9al

 face 0 ! =]unn] ( ! mod]n gr\p ( type  
faces4  ,john ,bask]ville 7#agjf-ge71 ( 
,birm+ham1 ,engl&1 a writ+-ma/]1 ) a    
special r5[n = cutt+ inscriptions 9     
/one1 began exp]im5t+ ab\t #agej )      
pun*-cutt+ & mak+ typographical mat]ial4
 ,x 0 n until #ageg t he publi%$ 8 fir/ 
"w1 a ,virgil 9 royal qu>to1 )          
great-prim] lett]s4 ,?is 0 foll[$ by 8  
fam\s editions ( ,milton1 ! ,bible1 !   
,book ( ,common ,pray]1 & sev]al ,lat9  
classic au?ors4 ,8 types1 at fir/       
criticiz$ z unnecess>ily sl5d]1         
delicate1 & fem99e1 9 "t 7 recogniz$ z  
bo? di/9ct & elegant1 & bo? 8 types & 8 
pr9t+ 7 greatly admir$4 ,pr9t]s1 h[ev]1 
pref]r$ ! /rong] types ( ,caslon1 &     
,bask]ville be=e 8 dea? rep5t$ ( hav+   
attempt$ ! bus9ess ( pr9t+4 ,= f\r ye>s 
aft] 8 dea? 8 wid[ cont9u$ to conduct 8 
bus9ess4 ,%e !n sold all 8 pun*es &     
matrices to ! ,societe                  
,litt]aire-typographique1 :i* us$ "s ( !
 types = ! sumptu\s ,kehl edition (     
,voltaire's works 9 sev5ty volumes4--   

,,compos$1 ,,pr9t$ ,,& ,,b\nd ,,by ,h4  
,,wolff1 ,,new ,,york4 ,,pap] ,,made    
,,by ,p4 ,f4 ,,glatfelt]  ,,co41 ,,spr+ 
,,grove1 ,,pa4