f ! ,google ,pr9t project47             
,,religion ,,& ,,!ology  ,a ,,s]mon ,,= 
,,! ,,times   ,,prea*$ ,,9 ,,!  ,,p>i%  
,,*ur* ,,( ,,cra?ie1 #e,,? ,,septemb]   
,,& ,,9 ,,!  ,,college ,,*ur*1 ,,/      
,,&rews  ,,by  ,,john ,,tullo*1 ,d4,d4  
,,pr9cipal ,,& ,,pr(essor ,,( ,,!ology1 
,,/ ,,m>y',s ,,college1 ,,9 ,,!         
,,univ]sity ,,( ,,/ ,,&rews1 ,,& ,,"o   
,,( ,,h] ,,maje/y',s ,,*apla9s ,,9      
,,ord9>y ,,9 ,,scotl&   ,,second        
,,edition   ,,william ,,blackwood ,,&   
,,sons ,,ed9burgh ,,& ,,london          
,,mdccclxxv     ,,works ,,by ,,! ,,same 
,,au?or4   ,i4  ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,rational 
,,!ology  ,,&  ,,*ri/ian ,,philosophy   
,,9 ,,engl&  ,,9 ,,! ,,sev5te5?         
,,c5tury4  ,second ,edition1 #b vols4   
#hvo1 #a1 #hs4      ,ed9burgh ,review4  
,! pleasure ) :i* ,pr9cipal ,tullo*     
explores ?is     comp>atively unkn[n    
field communicates itself to 8 read]s1  
& ! academic groves ( ,ox=d & ,cambridge
 are inve/$     ) ! fre%ness ( a new    
glory4       ,a!num4      ,x is ri* 9   

pregnant & sugge/ive ?\ght4             
,saturday ,review4      ,"h we mu/ take 
our respectful leave ( ?is l>ge-m9d$1   
lively1 & ?\ghtful "w1 :i* des]ves to ! 
full !     acceptance x _c fail to      
receive4       ,spectator4      ,e      
?\ghtful & lib]al ,engli%man :o reads ^!
 volumes     w feel t ,pr9cipal ,tullo* 
has laid him "u obligations     9 writ+ 
!m4       ,briti% ,qu>t]ly ,review4     
,ample s*ol>%ip1 well-discipl9$ p[]s1   
ca?olic sympa?ies1     & a mascul9e     
eloqu5ce1 give x a high place among     
mod]n     contributions to !ological    
sci5ce4       ,noncon=mi/4      ,f 8    
lively portraits !y w le>n to "k "s ( ! 
f9e/ spirits ,engl& has produc$2 :ile f 
8 able &     compreh5sive summ>ies ( !  
works !y left beh9d !m1 any     read] ( 
quick intellig5ce may acqua9t himself ) 
_!     lead+ ?\ghts4   ,,ii4  ,,!ism3   
,,! ,,witness ,,( ,,reason ,,& ,,nature 
,,to ,,an ,,all-,,wise ,,& ,,b5efic5t   
,,creator4  ,octavo1 #ajs4 #f;d4        
,*ri/ian ,remembranc]4      ,dr         

,tullo*'s ,essay1 9 its ma/]ly /atem5t (
 ! real nature     & difficulties ( !   
subject1 its logical exactness 9        
di/+ui%+ ! illu/rative f ! sugge/ive1   
its lucid     arrangem5t ( ! argum5t1   
its simplicity ( expression1 is     q   
unequall$ by any "w we h se5 on !       
subject4  ,,william ,,blackwood  ,,sons1
 ,,ed9burgh ,,& ,,london4     ,,religion
 ,,& ,,!ology4  #b ,cor4 xi4 #c4--,!    
simplicity t is 9 ,*ri/4   ,!re is mu*  
talk 9 ! pres5t "t ( ! difficulties (   
religion4 ,& no d\bt !re is a s5se 9 :i*
 religion is always difficult4 ,x is h>d
 to be truly religi\s--to be humble1    
good1 pure1 & j2 to be full ( fai?1     
hope1 & *>ity1 s t our conduct may be   
se5 to be l t ( ,*ri/1 & our light to   
%9e be=e m54 ,b :5 m5 speak s mu*       
n[adays ( ! difficulties ( religion1 !y 
*iefly mean intellectual & n practical  
difficulties4 ,religion is id5tifi$ ) ! 
t5ets ( a ,*ur* sy/em1 or ( a !ological 
sy/em2 & x is felt t mod]n criticism has
 assail$ ^! t5ets 9 _m vuln]able po9ts1 

& made x no long] easy = ! op5 &        
well-in=m$ m9d to believe ?+s t 7 =m]ly 
held1 or pr(ess$ to be held1 )\t        
hesitation4 ,discussions & d\bts :i* 7  
once conf9$ to a limit$ circle :5 !y 7  
he>d ( at all1 h p5etrat$ ! mod]n m9d   
?r\gh _m av5ues1 & affect$ ! :ole tone (
 social intellig5ce4 ,?is is n to be    
d5i$4 ,= good or = evil su* a result has
 come ab\t2 & we live 9 times ( unquiet 
?\ght1 :i* =m a real & pa9ful trial to  
_m m9ds4 ,x is n my int5tion at pres5t  
to deplore or to criticise ?is mod]n    
t5d5cy1 b r to po9t out h[ x may be     
accept$1 & yet religion 9 ! highe/ s5se 
sav$ to u1 if n )\t /ruggle 7= t is     
always impossible 9 ! nature (          
religion71 yet )\t t intellectual       
conflict = :i* _m m9ds are entirely     
unfitt$1 & :i* c nev] be said 9 itself  
to help religion 9 any m9ds4  ,! words  
:i* ,i h tak5 z my text seem to me to   
sugge/ a tra9 ( ?\ght hav+ an imm$iate  
be>+ on ?is subject4 ,/ ,paul has be5   
speak+ ( himself 9 ! passage f :i* !    

text is tak54 ,he has be5 comm5d+       
himself--a task :i* is nev] cong5ial to 
him4 ,b 8 oppon5ts 9 ! ,cor9?ian ,*ur*  
_h =c$ ?is ^u him2 & n[ he asks t he may
 be borne ) a little 9 8 folly4 ,he is  
pleas$ to speak ( 8 conduct 9 ?is way1 )
 t t\* ( humor\s irony n unfamili> to   
him :5 writ+ "u "s excitem5t4 ,he pleads
 ) 8 old conv]ts = s mu* indulg5ce1     
because he is jeal\s ov] !m ) a godly   
jeal\sy4 ,he _h won !m to ! ,"l4 ,i h   
esp\s$ y1 he says1 to "o husb&1 t ,i may
 pres5t y z a *a/e virg9 to ,*ri/4 ,?is 
_h be5 8 unselfi% "w4 ,he _h s\ght no?+ 
= himself1 b all = ,*ri/4 ,t !y %\ld    
belong to ,*ri/--z ! bride to !         
bridegroom--0 8 jeal\s anxiety4 ,b o!rs 
_h come 9 betwixt !m & him--nay1 betwixt
 !m & ,*ri/1 z he believ$--& s\ght to   
s$uce & corrupt _! m9ds by div]s        
doctr9es4 ,i fe>1 le/ by any means1 z ! 
s]p5t beguil$ ,eve ?r\gh 8 subtilty1 s  
y\r m9ds %\ld be corrupt$ f ! simplicity
 t is 9 ,*ri/4  ,:at ! special          
corruptions f ,*ri/ian simplicity 7 )   

:i* ! m9ds ( ,/ ,paul's ,cor9?ian       
conv]ts 7 assail$1 x is n necess>y = u  
n[ to inquire4 ,_! special dang]s are n 
likely to be ours4 ,:at conc]ns u is !  
fact1 t bo? ,/ ,paul & ,*ri/--8 ,ma/] & 
ours--?\ght ( religion z some?+ simple4 
,atta*m5t to ,*ri/ 0 a simple p]sonal   
reality1 illu/rat$ by ! tie :i* b9ds !  
bride1 z a *a/e virg91 to ! bridegroom4 
,x 0 n an +5uity1 nor a subtilty1 nor a 
c]emony4 ,x involv$ no speculation or   
argum5t4 ,its ess5ce 0 p]sonal &        
emotional1 & n intellectual4 ,! true    
analogy ( religion1 9 %ort1 is t (      
simple affection & tru/4 ,subtilty may1 
9 itself1 be good or evil4 ,x may be    
appli$ = a religi\s no less ?an = an    
irreligi\s purpose1 z impli$ 9 ! text4  
,b x is some?+ entirely diff]5t f !     
simplicity t is 9 ,*ri/4  ,x is n to be 
suppos$ t religion is or c be ev]       
rightly dissociat$ f intellig5ce4 ,an   
intellig5t p]ception ( our own high]    
wants1 & ( a high] p[] ( love t c alone 
supply ^! wants1 is ( its v nature4 ,!re

 mu/ be k 9 all religion--k ( ourselves1
 & k ( ! ,div9e4 ,x 0 ! k ( ,god 9 ,*ri/
 communicat$ by ,/ ,paul t _h made !    
,cor9?ians ,*ri/ians4 ,b ! k t is       
ess5tial to religion is a simple k l t  
:i* ! lov$ has ( ! p]son :o loves--!    
bride ( ! bridegroom1 ! *ild ( ! p>5t4  
,x spr+s f ! p]sonal & spiritual1 & n f 
! cognitive or critical side ( our be+2 
f ! he>t1 & n f ! head4 ,n m]ely s2 b if
 ! he>t or spiritual sph]e be really    
awak5$ 9 u--if !re be a true /irr+ (    
life "h1 & a true seek+ t[>ds ! light--!
 ess5ce & /r5g? ( a true religion may be
 ours1 al?\gh we are unable to answ] _m 
que/ions t may be ask$1 or to solve ev5 
! difficulties rais$ by our own         
intellect4  ,! text1 9 %ort1 sugge/s t  
!re is a religi\s sph]e1 di/9ct &       
intelligible by itself1 :i* is n to be  
conf\nd$ ) ! sph]e ( !ology or sci5ce4  
,?is is ! sph]e 9 :i* ,*ri/ work$1 & 9  
:i* ,/ ,paul also1 al?\gh n s           
exclusively1 work$ aft] ,him4 ,?is is ! 
special sph]e ( ,*ri/ianity1 or at lea/ 

( ! ,*ri/ianity ( ,*ri/4  ,& x is ?is1 z
 x appe>s to u1 important di/9ction to  
:i* we n[ propose to direct y\r         
att5tion4 ,let u try to expla9 9 :at    
respects ! religion ( ,*ri/ is really   
ap>t f ^? intellectual & dogmatic       
difficulties ) :i* x has be5 s mu* mix$ 
up4   ,i4 ,x is s1 fir/ ( all1 9 !      
comp>atively simple ord] ( facts ) :i* x
 deals4 ,no?+ c be simpl] or m          
compreh5sive ?an our ,"l's tea*+4 ,he   
knew :at 0 9 man4 ,he knew1 moreov]1 :at
 0 9 ,god t[>ds man z a liv+ p[] ( love1
 :o _h s5t ,him =? to seek & save ! lo/2
 & beyond ^! great facts1 ( a fall5 life
 to be re/or$1 & ( a high] life ( div9e 
love & sacrifice1 will+ & able to re/ore
 & purify ?is fall5 life1 our ,"l seldom
 trav]s$4 ,unceas+ly ,he proclaim$ !    
reality ( a spiritual life 9 man1 h[ev] 
obscur$ by s91 & ! reality ( a div9e    
life above him1 :i* _h nev] =sak5 him   
nor left him to p]i% 9 8 s94 ,he held =?
 ! ne$ ( man1 & ! grace & sacrifice (   
,god on behalf ( man4 ,& )9 ?is d\ble   

ord] ( spiritual facts ,8 tea*+ may be  
said to circulate4 ,he dealt1 9 o!r     
words1 ) ! great ideas ( ,god & ! s\l1  
:i* c alone live 9 ,him1 h[ev] x may h  
sunk away f ,him4 ,^! 7 to ,him !       
realities ( all life & all religion4    
,!re are ^?1 ,i "k1 9 our day1 to :om ^!
 ideas are m]e assumptions--dogmas ( a  
trem5d\s k9d1 to assume :i* is to assume
 ev]y?+4 ,b ) ?is ord] ( ?\ght we h 9 ! 
meantime no?+ to d4 ,! que/ions (       
mat]ialism are outside ( ,*ri/ianity    
altoge!r4 ,!y 7 no?+ to ,*ri/1 ^: :ole  
?\ght mov$ 9 a high] sph]e ( p]sonal    
love1 embrac+ ?is l[] _w4 ,! spiritual  
life 0 to ,him ! life ( reality & fact2 
& s x is to all :o live 9 ,him & "k 9   
,him4 ,! s\l & ,god are1 if y w1 dogmas 
to sci5ce4 ,!y _c well be any?+ else to 
a vision :i* is outside ( !m1 & _c f _! 
v nature ev] rea* !m4 ,b )9 ! religi\s  
sph]e !y are prim>y exp]i5ces1 orig9al &
 simple data f :i* all o!rs come4 ,& our
 pres5t argum5t is1 t ,*ri/ dealt almo/ 
exclusively ) ^! broad & simple elem5ts 

( religion1 & t ,he believ$ ! life (    
religion to re/ )9 !m4 ,he spoke to m5 &
 wom5 z hav+ s\ls to be sav$2 & ,he     
spoke ( ,himself & ( ,god z able & will+
 to save !m4 ,?is 0 ! simplicity t 0 9  
,him4  ,ev]y:]e 9 ! ,gospels ?is        
simplicity is obvi\s4 ,our ,"l came =? f
 no s*ool4 ,!re is no traditional s*eme 
( ?\ght ly+ beh9d 8 words :i* mu/ be    
ma/]$ be=e ^! words are und]/ood4 ,b out
 ( ! fulness ( ,8 own spiritual nature  
,he spoke to ! spiritual natures ar\nd  
,him1 brok51 helpless1 & wor/$ 9 !      
conflict ) evil z ,he saw !m4 ,! ,_s ( !
 ,"l is ^u me1 ,he said at ! op5+ ( ,8  
,galilean m9i/ry1 because ,he ha? ano9t$
 me to prea* ! ,gospel to ! poor1 to    
heal ! brok5-he>t$1 to prea* deliv]ance 
to ! captives1 & recov]+ ( sight to !   
bl9d1 to set at lib]ty !m t are         
bruis$4#a ,^! 7 ! great realities t     
confront$ ,him 9 life2 & ,8 mission 0 to
 re/ore ! div9e p[]s ( humanity ?us     
ev]y:]e impov]i%$1 w\nd$1 & enslav$4 ,he
 heal$ ! sick & cur$ ! maim$ by ,8      

simple ^w4 ,he =gave s9s4 ,he spoke (   
good news to ! mis]able4 ,all :o _h err$
 & gone out ( ! way--:o _h fall5 "u !   
bur!n1 or be5 s$uc$ by ! temptations1 ( 
life--,he invit$ to a recov]$ home (    
righte\sness & peace4 ,he welcom$ !     
prodigal1 rescu$ ! ,magdal5e1 took !    
?ief ) ,him to ,p>adise4 ,& all ?is ,he 
did by ,8 simple ^w ( grace3 ,come unto 
me1 all ye t lab\r & are heavy lad51 &  
,i w give y re/4#b ,if ye !n1 be+ evil1 
"k h[ to give good gifts unto y\r       
*ildr51 h[ mu* m %all y\r ,fa!r :i* is 9
 heav5 give good ?+s to !m t ask ,him6#c
  ,?is 0 ! ,*ri/ianity ( ,*ri/4 ,?is is 
! ,gospel4 ,x is ! ess5ce ( all         
religion--t we feel ourselves 9 special 
ne$ or di/ress1 & t we own a ,div9e ,p[]
 will+ to give u :at we ne$1 & to save u
 f our di/ress4 ,o!r que/ions outside ( 
?is prim>y range ( spiritual exp]i5ce   
may be important4 ,!y are n vital4 ,:at 
is ! s\l8 ,:at is ! div9e nature8 ,:at  
is ! ,*ur*8 ,9 :at way & by :at means   
does div9e grace op]ate8 ,:at is ! true 

mean+ ( ,scripture1 & ! "* ( its        
inspiration & au?ority8 ,:5ce has man   
sprung1 & :at is ! "* ( ! future be=e   
him8 ,^! are all que/ions ( ! greate/   
int]e/2 b !y are que/ions ( !ology & n (
 religion4 ,i d n say t !y h no be>+ ^u 
religion4 ,on ! contr>y1 !y h a         
significant be>+ ^u x4 ,& y\r religion &
 my religion w be modifi$ & col\r$ by ! 
answ]s we give or f9d to !m4 ,we _c     
sep>ate ! life & "* ( any man f 8       
op9ions4 ,x is nev]!less true t our     
religi\s life1 or ! =ce ( div9e         
inspiration & peace )9 u1 d n dep5d ^u !
 answ]s we are able to give to su*      
que/ions4  ,x is ! function ( !ology1 z 
( o!r sci5ces1 to ask que/ions1 :e!r x c
 answ] !m or n4 ,! task ( ! !ologian is 
a mo/ important "o--:e!r or n x be1 z   
has be5 lately said1#d ! noble/ ( all ! 
tasks :i* x is giv5 to ! human m9d to   
pursue4 ,none b a scioli/ w depreciate  
su* a task2 & none b a sceptic w d\bt ! 
value ( ! conclusions :i* may be ?us    
rea*$4 ,b all ?is is q consi/5t ) our   

position4 ,! welf>e ( ! s\l is n involv$
 9 su* matt]s z ,i h m5tion$4 ,a man is 
n good or bad1 spiritual or unspiritual1
 accord+ to ! view he takes ( !m4 ,m5   
may diff] widely reg>d+ !m1 & n only be 
equally hone/1 b equally %>]s ( ! m9d ( 
,*ri/4 ,& ?is is peculi>ly ! case ) _m  
que/ions ( ! pres5t day1 su* z !        
antiquity ( man1 ! age & g5esis ( ! e>?1
 ! orig9 & au?ority ( ! sev]al books (  
,scripture4 ,n "o ( ^! que/ions1 fir/ ( 
all1 c be answ]$ )\t an am\nt ( special 
k :i* few possess2 & secondly1 ! answ]  
to all ( !m mu/ be s\ght 9 ! l9e ( pure 
sci5tific & lit]>y inquiry4 ,m]e        
au?ority1 if we c\ld f9d any su*        
au?ority1 w\ld be ( no avail to settle  
any ( !m4 ,mod]n !ology mu/ "w !m out by
 ! fair weapons ( k & rese>*1 ) no eye b
 an eye to ! tru?4 ,)9 ?is sph]e !re is 
no light b ! dry light ( k4  ,b are our 
spiritual wants to wait ! solution ( su*
 que/ions8 ,am ,i less a s9n]1 or less  
we>y ) ! burd5 ( my own weakness &      
folly8 ,is ,*ri/ less a ,savi\r8 ,is !re

 less /r5g? & peace 9 ,him :atev] be !  
answ] giv5 to su* que/ions8 ,because ,i 
_c be sure :e!r ! ,p5tateu* 0 writt51 z 
long suppos$1 by ,moses--or :e!r ! f\r? 
,gospel comes z x /&s f ! belov$        
apo/le--am ,i less 9 ne$ ( ! div9e tea*+
 :i* bo? ^! ,scriptures conta98 ,surely 
n4 ,t ,i am a spiritual be+1 & h        
spiritual ne$s crav+ to be satisfi$1 & t
 ,god is a spiritual p[] above me1 ( :om
 ,*ri/ is ! revelation1 are facts :i* ,i
 may "k or may n "k1 q irrespective (   
su* matt]s4 ,! "o class ( facts are     
intellectual & lit]>y4 ,! o!r are       
spiritual if !y exi/ at all4 ,if ,i ev] 
"k !m1 ,i c only "k !m ?r\gh my own     
spiritual exp]i5ce2 b if ,i "k !m--if ,i
 realise myself z a s9n] & 9 d>kness1 & 
,*ri/ z my ,savi\r & ! light ( my       
life--,i h )9 me all ! g5u9e =ces (     
religi\s /r5g? & peace4 ,i may n h all !
 fai? ( ! ,*ur*4 ,i may h _m d\bts1 &   
may come f> %ort ( ! ca?olic dogma4 ,b  
fai? is a progressive insight1 & dogma  
is a v>iable factor4 ,no sane man       

n[adays has ! fai? ( ! m$ievali/4 ,no   
mod]n ,*ri/ian c ?9k 9 _m respects z !  
,*ri/ians ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 or ( !   
twelf? c5tury1 or ( ! f\r? c5tury4 ,no  
primitive ,*ri/ian w\ld h fully und]/ood
 ,a?anasius 9 8 conte/ aga9/ ! _w4 ,x 0 
v easy at "o "t to *ant ! ,a?anasian    
hymn--x is easy = "s /ill2 b v h>d =    
o!rs4 ,are ! latt] worse or bett]       
,*ri/ians on ?is acc\nt8 ,?9k1 bre?r51 (
 ,/ ,pet] & ,/ ,&rew tak5 f _! boats2 ( 
,/ ,mat!w z he sat at ! receipt ( cu/om2
 ( ! good ,sam>itan2 ! dev\t c5turion2 (
 curi\s ,zac*eus2 ( ! rep5tant prodigal2
 ( ,/ ,james1 z he wrote t a man is     
ju/ifi$ by works1 & n by fai? only2#e ( 
,apollos1 mighty 9 ! ,scriptures1 :o 0  
in/ruct$ 9 ! way ( ! ,"l2 & be+ f]v5t 9 
! _s1 spake & taught dilig5tly ! ?+s ( !
 ,"l1 & yet :o only knew ! baptism (    
,john2#f ( ! disciples at ,ephesus :o _h
 n s mu* z he>d :e!r !re be any ,holy   
,gho/2#g ?9k ( all ! poor & simple ones 
:o h gone to heav5 ) ,*ri/ 9 _! he>ts1 !
 hope ( glory1 & yet :o h nev] kn[n )   

accuracy any ,*ri/ian dogma :atev]1--& y
 c h>dly d\bt h[ di/9ct are ! sph]es (  
religion & ( !ology1 & h[ f> bett] ?an  
all !ological def9itions is ! hone/ &   
good he>t1 :i*1 hav+ he>d ! ,^w1 keeps  
x1 & br+s =? fruit ) pati5ce4#h   ,,ii4 
,b religion diff]s f !ology1 n only 9 ! 
comp>atively simple & univ]sal ord] ( ! 
facts ) :i* x deals1 b also because !   
facts are s mu* m v]ifiable 9 ! "o case 
?an 9 ! o!r4 ,!y c s mu* m easily be    
f\nd out to be true or n4 ,x has be5    
s\ght ( late1 9 a well-kn[n qu>t]1 to   
br+ all religion to ?is te/--& ! te/ is 
n an unfair "o if legitimately appli$4  
,b x is n legitimate to te/ spiritual   
facts simply z we te/ natural facts2 su*
 facts1 = example1 z t fire burns1 or t 
a /one ?r[n f ! h& falls to ! gr\nd4 ,! 
presumption ( all sup]natural religion  
is t !re is a spiritual or sup]natural  
sph]e1 z real & true z ! natural sph]e 9
 :i* we cont9ually live & move2 & !     
facts :i* belong to ?is sph]e mu/ be    
te/$ )9 x4 ,morality & moral conditions 

may be s f> v]ifi$ f )\t4 ,if we d wrong
 we %all f9ally f9d ourselves 9 ! wrong2
 & t !re is a ,p[] n ourselves :i* makes
 = righte\sness & :i* w n all[ u to re/ 
9 wrong4 ,?is con/antly v]ifi$ exp]i5ce 
( a k+dom ( righte\sness is a valuable  
basis ( morality4 ,b religion c\ld n    
live or n\ri% itself )9 su* limits4 ,x  
mu/ re/1 n m]ely on c]ta9 facts ( div9e 
ord]1 b on su* p]sonal relations z are  
ev] upp]mo/ 9 ! m9d ( ,/ ,paul1 & are s 
cle>ly be=e him 9 ?is v passage4        
,moreov]1 ! high] exp]i5ce :i* reveals  
to u a ,p[] ( righte\sness 9 ! _w1 no   
less reveals to u ! liv+ p]sonal "* (   
?is ,p[]4 ,%ut out consci5ce z a true   
s\rce ( k1 & ! v idea ( righte\sness w  
disappe> ) x--!re w be no?+ to fall back
 ^u b ! comb9ations ( intellig5ce1 & su*
 religion z may be got !refrom2 admit   
consci5ce1 & its v]ify+ =ce transc5ds a 
m]e ord] or imp]sonal p[] (             
righte\sness4 ,x places u 9 front ( a   
liv+ ,_s :o n only gov]ns u righte\sly &
 makes u feel our wrong-do+1 b :o is    

cont9ually educat+ u & rais+ u to ,8 own
 lik5ess ( love & bless$ness4 ,we       
realise n m]ely t !re is a law ( good 9 
! _w1 b a ,holy ,w t loves good & hates 
evil1 & aga9/ :om all our s9s are (f5ces
 9 ! s5se ( ! ,psalmi/3 ,aga9/ ,!e1 ,!e 
only1 h ,i s9n$1 & done ?is evil 9 ,?y  
sight4  ,s mu* z ?is1 we say1 may be    
realis$--?is consci\sness ( s9 on ! "o  
h&1 & ( a liv+ ,righte\sness & ,love f> 
m p[]ful ?an our s9s1 & able to save u f
 !m4 ,^! roots ( religion are deeply    
plant$ 9 human nature4 ,!y answ] to its 
highe/ exp]i5ces4 ,! pure/ & noble/     
natures 9 :om all ! impulses ( a        
compreh5sive humanity h be5 /ronge/1 h  
felt & own$ !m4 ,! mission>y prea*]1    
:]ev] he has gone--to ! rude tribes (   
,africa1 or ! cultur$ repres5tatives (  
an anci5t civilisation--has appeal$ to  
!m1 & f\nd a v]ify+ response to 8       
prea*+4 ,/ ,paul1 :e!r he spoke to ,jew1
 or ,greek1 or ,roman1 f\nd ! same      
voices ( religi\s exp]i5ce e*o+ to 8    
call--! same burd5 ( s9 ly+ on human    

he>ts--! same cry f _! dep?s1 ,:at mu/  
,i d to be sav$8 ,x is n necess>y to    
ma9ta9 t ^! elem5ts ( ! ,*ri/ian        
religion are v]ifiable 9 e exp]i5ce4 ,x 
is en\gh to say t !re is t 9 ! ,gospel  
:i* addresses all he>ts 9 :i* spiritual 
?\ghtfulness & life h n entirely di$    
out4 ,x lays hold ( ! common he>t4 ,x   
melts ) a /range p[] ! highe/ m9ds4     
,look ov] a va/ audi5ce2 travel to      
di/ant l&s2 communicate ) y\r           
fell[-creatures any:]e1--& y feel t y c 
rea* !m1 & = ! mo/ "p t\* !m1 by ! /ory 
( ! ,gospel--by ! fact ( a ,fa!r 9      
heav51 & a ,savi\r s5t f heav51 t       
:osoev] believe? 9 ,him %\ld n p]i%1 b h
 et]nal life4#i ,b5ea? all diff]5ces (  
condition1 ( intellect1 ( culture1 !re  
is a common s\l :i* ! ,gospel rea*es1 & 
:i* no?+ else 9 ! same mann] rea*es4    
,n[1 9 contra/ to all ?is1 ! cont5ts (  
any special !ology comm5d !mselves to a 
comp>atively few m9ds4 ,& su* hold z !y 
h ov] ^! m9ds is = ! mo/ "p tradition>y 
& au?oritative1 n rational or           

intellig5t4 ,!re c be no vital exp]i5ce 
( !ological def9itions1 & no v]ification
 ( !m1 except 9 ! few m9ds :o h really  
exam9$ !m1 & br\ght !m into ! light ( _!
 own intellig5ce4 ,?is mu/ always be !  
"w ( a few--( :at are call$ s*ools (    
?\ght1 "h & !re4 ,x is only ! judgm5t ( 
! le>n$ or ?\ghtful !ologian t is really
 ( any value on a !ological "q4 ,o!rs   
may ass5t or diss5t4 ,he alone kn[s !   
conditions ( ! "q & its possible        
solution4 ,( all ! absurdities t h come 
f ! confusion ( religion & !ology1 none 
is m absurd or m g5]al ?an ! idea t "o  
op9ion on a !ological "q--any m ?an on a
 "q ( natural sci5ce--is z good z ano!r4
 ,! op9ion ( ! ignorant1 ( ! un?\ghtful1
 ( ! undiscipl9$ 9 ,*ri/ian le>n+1 is   
simply ( no value :atev] :]e ! "q       
involves--z x may be said e !ological "q
 involves--k1 ?\ght1 & s*ol>%ip4 ,! m]e 
necessity ( su* qualities = work+ !     
!ological sph]e1 & turn+ x to any       
acc\nt1 places x q ap>t f ! religi\s    
sph]e4 ,! "o belongs to ! common life ( 

humanity1 ! o!r to ! s*ool ( ! prophets4
 ,! "o is = y & = me1 & = all human     
be+s2 ! o!r is = ! exp]t--! !ologian--:o
 has weigh$ difficulties & :o und]/&s   
!m1 if he has n solv$ !m4   ,,iii4 ,b   
aga91 religion diff]s f !ology 9 !      
comp>ative uni=mity ( its results4 ,!   
ideal ( religion is almo/ ev]y:]e !     
same4 ,to d ju/ly1 to love m]cy1 to walk
 humbly ) ,god4#aj ,pure religion 7or   
pure religi\s s]vice7 & undefil$1 be=e  
,god & ! ,fa!r is ?is1 to visit !       
fa!rless & wid[s 9 _! affliction1 & to  
keep himself unspott$ f ! _w4#aa ,:]e is
 x n always ! true1 ev5 if n ! preval5t 
type ( religion1 to be good & pure1 & to
 approve ! ?+s t are excell5t8 ,:atsoev]
 ?+s are true1 :atsoev] ?+s are hone/1  
:atsoev] ?+s are j1 :atsoev] ?+s are    
pure1 :atsoev] ?+s are lovely1 :atsoev] 
?+s are ( good report2 if !re be any    
virtue1 & if !re be any praise1 ?9k on  
^! ?+s & d !m1 says ! apo/le1#ab & !    
,god ( peace %all be ) y4 ,*ri/ians     
diff] l o!rs 9 intellect1 disposition1 &

 temp]am5t4 ,!y diff] also s f>1 b nev] 
9 ! same degree1 9 spiritual condition &
 "*4 ,to be a ,*ri/ian is 9 all cases to
 be sav$ f guilt1 to be su/a9$ by fai?1 
to be cleans$ by div9e inspiration1 to  
dep>t f iniquity4 ,!re may be1 & mu/ be1
 v v>y+ degrees ( fai?1 hope1 & *>ity2 b
 no ,*ri/ian c be h>d 9 he>t1 or impure 
9 m9d1 or selfi% 9 "*4 ,) mu* to make u 
humble 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 & 
_m faults to deplore 9 ! mo/ conspicu\s 
,*ri/ian m51 ! same types ( div9e       
excell5ces yet meet u ev]y:]e z we look 
along ! l9e ( ! ,*ri/ian c5turies--!    
h]oism ( a ,/ ,paul1 an ,ignatius1 an   
,orig51 an ,a?anasius1 a ,b]n>d1 a      
,lu!r1 a ,calv91 a ,*alm]s1 a ,liv+/one2
 ! t5d] & dev\t affectionat5ess ( a     
,m>y1 a ,p]petua1 a ,monica2 ! endur+   
pati5ce & self-d5ial ( an ,elizabe? (   
,hung>y1 a ,mrs ,hut*eson1 a ,mrs ,fry2 
! beautiful hol9ess ( a ,/ ,john1 a ,/  
,francis1 a ,f5elon1 a ,h]b]t1 a        
,leighton4 ,"u ! mo/ v>i\s influ5ces1 & 
! mo/ div]se types ( doctr9e1 ! same    

fruits ( ! ,_s con/antly appe>--,love1  
joy1 peace1 long-suff]+1 g5tl5ess1      
goodness1 fai?1 meekness1 temp]ance4#ac 
,all ?is sam5ess 9 div]sity disappe>s :5
 we turn to !ology4 ,! diff]5ces 9 ?is  
case are radical4 ,!y are n div]sities (
 gifts ) ! same _s1 b fundam5tal        
antagonisms ( ?\ght4 ,z "s m5 are said  
to be born ,platoni/s1 & "s             
,ari/otelians1 s "s are born            
,augu/9ians1 & "s ,pelagians or         
,arm9ians4 ,^! names h be5 /rangely     
id5tifi$ ) true or false views (        
,*ri/ianity4 ,:at !y really d5ote is    
div]se modes ( ,*ri/ian ?9k+1 div]se    
t5d5cies ( ! ,*ri/ian intellect1 :i*    
repeat !mselves by a law ( nature4 ,x is
 no m possible to make m5 ?9k alike 9   
!ology ?an 9 any?+ else :]e ! facts are 
complicat$ & ! conclusions necess>ily   
fallible4 ,! hi/ory ( !ology is a hi/ory
 ( v>iations2 n inde$1 z "s h ma9ta9$1  
)\t an inn] pr9ciple ( movem5t1 b ) a   
con/ant repetition ( oppositions und]ly+
 its necess>y developm5t4 ,! same1      

contra/s cont9ually appe> ?r\gh\t its   
c\rse1 & seem nev] to we> !mselves out4 
,f ! beg9n+ !re has always be5 ! broad] 
& ! n>r[] type ( ?\ght--a ,/ ,paul & ,/ 
,john1 z well z a ,/ ,pet] & ,/ ,james2 
! doctr9e :i* leans to ! works1 & !     
doctr9e :i* leans to grace2 ! mild] & ! 
sev]] int]pretations ( human nature & ( 
! div9e deal+s ) x--a ,clem5t (         
,alex&ria1 an ,orig5 & a ,*ryso/om1 z   
well z a ,t]tullian1 an ,augu/9e1 & a   
,cyril ( ,alex&ria1 an ,erasmus no less 
?an a ,lu!r1 a ,ca/alio z well z a      
,calv91 a ,fr$]ick ,rob]tson z well z a 
,john ,newman4 ,look at ^! m5 & _m o!rs 
equally significant on ! spiritual side 
z !y look to ,god1 or z !y "w = m51 h[  
mu* d !y resemble "o ano!r6 ,! same     
div9e life /irs 9 !m all4 ,:o w und]take
 to settle :i* is ! tru] ,*ri/ian8 ,b   
look at !m on ! intellectual side & !y  
are hopelessly disunit$4 ,!y lead rival 
=ces 9 ! m>* ( ,*ri/ian ?\ght--=ces :i* 
may yet f9d a po9t ( conciliation1 & :i*
 may n be s widely oppos$ z !y seem1 b  

^: pres5t attitude is "o ( obvi\s       
ho/ility4 ,m5 may meet 9 common wor%ip &
 9 common "w1 & f9d !mselves at "o4 ,!  
same fai? may brea! 9 _! pray]s1 & !    
same love fire _! he>ts4 ,b m5 :o ?9k c 
nev] be at "o 9 _! ?\ghts on ! great    
subjects ( ! ,*ri/ian revelation4 ,!y   
may own ! same ,"l1 & recognise &       
rev]5ce ! same types ( ,*ri/ian "*1 b !y
 w diff] s soon z !y beg9 to def9e _!   
notions ( ! ,div9e1 & draw conclusions f
 ! rese>*es ei!r ( anci5t or ( mod]n    
!ology4 ,( all ! false dreams t h ev]   
haunt$ humanity1 none is m false ?an !  
dream ( ca?olic unity 9 ?is s5se4 ,x    
vani%es 9 ! v ef=t to grasp x1 & ! old  
fissures appe> )9 ! mo/ c>efully        
compact$ /ructures ( dogma4  ,religion1 
!re=e1 is n to be conf\nd$ ) !ology1 )  
s*emes ( ,*ri/ian ?\ght--nor1 = t "p ( !
 matt]1 ) s*emes ( ,*ri/ian ord]4 ,x is 
n to be f\nd 9 any set ( op9ions or 9   
any special ritual ( wor%ip4 ,!         
difficulties ( mod]n !ology1 ! !ories ( 
mod]n sci5ce 7:5 !y are really sci5tific

 & d n g beyond asc]ta9$ facts & _!     
laws71 h little or no?+ to d ) religion4
 ,let ! age ( ! e>? be :at x may 7we    
%all be v grateful to ! ,briti%         
,association1 or any o!r association1 :5
 x has settl$ = u h[ old ! e>? is1 & h[ 
long man has be5 ^u ! face ( x72 let man
 spr+ 9 8 physical sy/em f "s l[] phase 
( life2 let ! ,bible be resolv$ into its
 con/itu5t s\rces by ! p[] ( mod]n      
analysis1 & our views ( x greatly *ange1
 z inde$ !y are rapidly *ang+1--all ?is 
does n *ange or de/roy 9 "o iota !      
spiritual life t ?robs at ! he>t (      
humanity1 & t witnesses to a ,spiritual 
,life above4 ,no sci5ce1 truly s-call$1 
c ev] t\* ?is or de/roy x1 = ! simple   
reason t its "w is outside ! spiritual  
or religi\s sph]e altoge!r4 ,sci5tific  
presumption may sugge/ ! delusiv5ess (  
?is sph]e1 j z 9 =m] times religi\s     
presumption s\ght to re/ra9 ! inquiries 
( sci5ce4 ,x may1 :5 x becomes ribald ) 
a fanaticism f> worse ?an any fanaticism
 ( religion1 assail & ridicule ! hopes  

:i*1 amid/ mu* weakness1 h made m5 noble
 = m ?an eighte5 ,*ri/ian c5turies4 ,b  
sci5ce has no voice beyond its own      
prov9ce4 ,! weake/ & ! simple/ s\l1     
/rong 9 ! consci\sness ( ! div9e )9 &   
above x1 may )/& its mo/ p[]ful         
assaults4 ,! %ad[s ( d\bt may cov] u1 & 
we may see no light4 ,! difficulties (  
mod]n speculation may ov]:elm u1 & we   
may f9d no issue f !m4 ,if we wait till 
we h solv$ ^! difficulties & cle>$ away 
! d>kness1 we may wait = ev]4 ,if y\r   
religion is made to dep5d ^u su* matt]s1
 !n ,i d n "k :at to say to y 9 a "t l  
?is4 ,i _c c\nsel y to %ut y\r m9ds     
aga9/ any k4 ,i h no ready answ]s to y\r
 que/ions1 no %ort & easy me?od ) mod]n 
scepticism4 ,inquiry mu/ h its c\rse 9  
!ology z 9 ev]y?+ else4 ,x is fatal to  
intellig5ce to talk ( an infallible     
,*ur*1 & ( all free ?\ght 9 ref]5ce to  
religion z deadly rationalism to be     
%unn$4 ,n to be rational 9 religion z 9 
ev]y?+ else is simply to be fooli%1 & to
 ?r[ y\rself into ! arms ( ! fir/       

au?ority t is able to hold y4 ,9 ?is z 9
 o!r respects y mu/ "w out y\r own      
salvation ) fe> & trembl+1 rememb]+ t x 
is ,god :i* worke? 9 y4 ,y mu/ exam9e   
y\r own he>ts2 y mu/ try y\rselves :e!r 
!re be 9 y ! roots ( ! div9e life4 ,if y
 d n f9d s9 9 y\r he>ts & ,*ri/ also !re
 z ! ,savi\r f s91 !n y w f9d ,him      
n[h]e4 ,b if y f9d ,him !re1 ,*ri/ )9 y 
z ,he 0 )9 ,/4 ,paul1--y\r righte\sness1
 y\r life1 y\r /r5g? 9 weakness1 y\r    
light 9 d>kness1 ! hope ( glory )9 y1 z 
,he 0 all ?is to ! ?\ghtful & mu*-tri$  
apo/le1--!n y w accept difficulties &   
d\bts1 & ev5 ! despair+ d>kness ( "s    
intellectual mom5ts1 :5 ! v f\ndations  
seem to give way--z y accept o!r trials2
 & look+ humbly = high] light1 y w      
pati5tly wait = x1 until ! day dawn & ! 
%ad[s flee away4   ,,footnotes3  #a     
,luke1 iv4 #ah4  #b ,mat!w1 xi4 #bh4  #c
 ,mat!w1 vii4 #aa4  #d ,mr ,glad/one1   
',contempor>y ,review1' ,july1 p4 #aid4 
#e ,james1 ii4 #bd4  #f ,acts1 xviii4   
#bd1 #be4  #g ,acts1 xix4 #b4  #h ,luke1

 viii4 #ae4  #i ,john1 iii4 #ae4  #aj   
,micah1 vi4 #h4  #aa ,james1 i4 #bg4    
#ab ,philippians1 iv4 #h1 #i4  #ac      
,galatians1 v4 #bb1 #bc4   ,,pr9t$ ,,by 
,,william ,,blackwood ,,& ,,sons4