,,buchanan',s              ,,journal    
,,of ,,man4  ,,vol4 ,i4        ,,april1 
#ahhg4        ,,no4 #c4     ,,contents  
,,of ,,journal ,,of ,,man4              
,psychometry3 ,the ,divine ,science   ,a
 ,modern ,miracle-,worker   ,human      
,longevity   ,justice to the ,indians   
,,miscellaneous ,,intelligence--,anatomy
 of the ,brain2 ,mesmeric ,cures2       
,medical ,despotism2 ,the ,dangerous    
,classes2 ,arbitration2 ,criticism      
on the ,church2 ,earthquakes and        
,predictions   ,chapter ,,ii4 ,of       
,outlines of ,anthropology2 ,structure  
of the ,brain   ,business ,department1  
,college of ,therapeutics               
,,psychometry3 ,,the ,,divine ,,science4
   ,it is presumed that every reader of 
these pages has some knowledge of this  
subject1 either by reading the ,manual  
of ,psychometry or otherwise1 and has at
 least read the ,introduction to the    
,,journal ,,of ,,man on our cover pages4
  ,it is not of the directly practical  
bearings of ,psychometry that ,i would  

speak at present1 but of its imperial   
rank among sciences1 entitling it to the
 post of honor4  ,in all human affairs1 
that takes the highest rank which has   
the greatest controlling and guiding    
power4 ,the king1 the statesman1 the    
hero1 the saintly founder of a religion1
 the philosopher that guides the course 
of human thought1 and the scientist who 
gives us a greater command of nature1   
are the men whom we honor as the        
ministers of destiny4  ,when we speak of
 science1 we accord the highest rank to 
that which gives the greatest           
comprehension of the world as it is--of 
its past and of its future4 ,geology and
 astronomy are the sciences which reach 
out into the illimitable alike in the   
present and past4 ,biology will do the  
same for the world of life when biology 
is completed by a knowledge of the      
centre of all life1 the brain4 ,but in  
its present acephalous condition it is  
but a fragment of science--a headless   
corpse1 unfit to rank among complete    

sciences4 ,theology claims the highest  
rank of all1 but based as it has been on
 the conceptions current in the dark    
ages1 it has become1 in the light of    
modern science1 a crumbling ruin4 ,does 
psychometry compare with astronomy and  
geology in its scientific rank1 or does 
it compare with the acephalous biology1 
which occupies all medical colleges8    
,it compares with neither4 ,like        
astronomy1 it borders on the limitless2 
like geology1 it reaches into the vast1 
undefined past2 and like biology1 it    
comprehends all life science2 but unlike
 each1 it has no limitation to any      
sphere4 ,it is equally at home with     
living forms and with dead              
matter--equally at home in the humbler  
spheres of human life and human         
infirmity1 and in the higher spheres of 
the spirit world1 which we call heaven4 
,it grasps all of biology1 all of       
history1 all of geology and astronomy1  
and far more than telescopes have       
revealed4 ,it has no parallel in any    

science1 for sciences are limited and   
defined in their scope1 while           
psychometry is unlimited1 transcending  
far all that collegians have called     
science1 and all that they have deemed  
the limits of human capacities1 for in  
psychometry the divinity in man becomes 
apparent1 and the intellectual mastery  
of all things lifts human life to a     
higher plane than it has ever known     
before4  ,psychometry is therefore in   
its nature and scope not classifiable   
among the sciences1 since it reaches out
 above and beyond all1 in a higher and  
broader sphere1 and hence may truly be  
called the ,divine science1 for it is   
the expression of the ,divine element in
 man4 ,wherein is ,divine above human   
knowledge8 ,and wherein is human above  
animal knowledge and understanding8 ,the
 superiority in each case consists in a 
deeper and more interior comprehension  
of that which is1 which realizes in the 
present the potentiality of the future1 
enabling us to act for future results   

and accomplish whatever is possible to  
our powers4 ,that forecast1 that        
comprehension through the present of    
that which is to be1 constitutes        
foresight1--the essential element of    
wisdom2 and in its grander              
manifestations it appears as prophecy4  
,prophecy1 then1 is the noblest aspect  
of psychometry2 and if this prophetic   
power can be cultivated to its maximum  
possibilities1 there is no reason why it
 should not become the guiding power of 
each individual life1 and the guiding   
power for the destiny of nations4       
,moreover1 in its prophetic role its    
superiority of rank is manifest1 since  
it is then the instructor of all        
hearers1--the revealer of that in which 
they readily confess their ignorance4   
,hence it was that ,st4 ,paul especially
 recommended the cultivation of prophecy
 as the most sacred and ,divine of all  
religious exercises1 saying1 in #a      
,corinthians xiv4 #ba-be3 ,if therefore 
the whole church be come together into  

one place1 and all speak with tongues1  
and there come in those who are         
unlearned or unbelievers1 will they not 
say ye are mad8 ,but if all prophesy1   
and there come in one that believeth    
not1 or one unlearned1 he is convinced  
of all1 he is judged of all3 and thus   
are the secrets of his heart made       
manifest2 and so falling down on his    
face1 he will worship ,god1 and report  
that ,god is in you of a truth4 ,this is
 a description of a congregation in     
which all are developed up to a         
psychometric and spiritual condition in 
which the truths of religion and the    
ministry of angels may have full power4 
,wherever the highest order of religious
 sentiment is in active operation1      
prophecy becomes one of its results4 ,it
 was so in ,jewish history1 and has been
 so in many eventful periods since4     
,george ,fox had the most exalted       
religious sentiment of his time1 and he 
had an eminently prophetic mind4 ,all   
nations have had prophetic minds and    

well-attested prophecies4 ,egypt and    
,india1 ,greece1 ,rome1 ,france1        
,england1 and ,america1 have their      
recorded prophecies1 and in the height  
of ancient civilization prophecy        
commanded sufficient respect to         
influence the course of public events4  
,cicero expressed the general           
intelligence of the ancients in         
recognizing prophecy as a power of the  
human soul4  ,modern materialism has    
ignored all this1 and one of the noblest
 works to-day for a man of genius whose 
mind is sufficiently vigorous to throw  
off the trammels of collegiate ignorance
 and fashionable conservatism1 would be 
to produce a volume upon prophecy1 in   
which its vast historic development     
should be sketched4  ,the limitations of
 the ,,journal ,,of ,,man do not permit 
me to introduce this historic matter    
which would be sufficient to exclude    
everything else from its pages1 and ,i  
would merely refer to an almost         
forgotten example of the intuitive and  

prescient faculty connected with the    
introduction of ,universalism into this 
country4  ,a worthy and pious farmer on 
the seacoast of ,delaware1 named        
,potter1 built a church at his own      
expense1 but having an advanced idea of 
the ,divine benevolence1 he could never 
find any preacher whose doctrines suited
 him4 ,nevertheless he was profoundly   
convinced that such a preacher would be 
sent to realize his hopes1 and was not  
discouraged by the disbelief of his     
neighbors4 ,his anticipation was        
strangely fulfilled4 ,rev4 ,john        
,murray1 almost crazed by the death of  
his wife1 sailed from ,england for      
,america in #aggj1 intending to abandon 
the pulpit entirely4 ,the vessel put in 
at ,philadelphia instead of ,new ,york1 
and as the stage for ,new ,york had     
left1 ,mr4 ,murray concluded to remain  
on the vessel and go to ,new ,york that 
way4 ,but on the voyage they got lost in
 the fog1 and got into ,cranberry ,inlet
 in a dangerous position4 ,they went    

ashore1 being out of provisions1 and    
found a country tavern4 ,mr4 ,murray    
strolled along the coast1 intending to  
get fish for the crew1 and fell into    
company with ,farmer ,potter1 who had a 
supply1 and who at once told him1 to his
 astonishment1 that he was glad to meet 
him1 and had been looking for him a long
 time4 ,potter decided at once that this
 was the minister he had been looking   
for1 and of whom he had often spoken    
when telling his neighbors1 ,god will   
send me a preacher of a very different  
stamp from those who have heretofore    
preached in my house2 that ,god who has 
put it into my heart to build this house
 will send one who shall deliver to me  
,his own truth1 who shall speak of      
,jesus ,christ and ,his salvation4      
,potter briefly sketched his own life   
and said3  ,the moment ,i beheld your   
vessel on shore1 it seemed as if a voice
 had suddenly sounded in my ears3       
',there1 ,potter1 in that vessel cast   
away on that shore is the preacher you  

have been so long expecting4' ,i heard  
the voice and ,i believed the report2   
and when you came up to my door and     
asked for the fish1 the same voice      
seemed to repeat1 ',potter1 this is the 
man1 this is the person whom ,i have    
sent to preach in your house4'  ,murray 
says3 ,i was astonished1 immeasurably   
astonished at ,mr4 ,potter's narrative1 
but yet ,i had not the smallest idea    
that it could ever be realized4 ,i      
requested to know what he could discover
 in my appearance which could lead him  
to mistake me for a preacher4 ,what1    
said he1 could ,i discover when you were
 in the vessel that could induce this   
conclusion8 ,no sir1 it is not what ,i  
saw or see1 but what ,i feel1 which     
produces in my mind a full conviction4  
,but1 my dear sir1 you are deceived1    
indeed you are deceived4 ,i shall never 
preach in this place nor anywhere else4 
,potter maintained that he had preached 
and that he would preach in his church1 
and that the wind would not allow him to

 leave until he had4 ,to shorten the    
story1 ,murray at last yielded and      
preached in that church1 of which we    
have a picture in his biography4 ,he had
 a great fear of giving out the doctrine
 of universal salvation1 expecting      
universal denunciation of himself by the
 clergy and their followers1 but he went
 on from this beginning and established 
,universalism in ,america4  ,in this    
instance it is evident that ,potter was 
of a spiritual temperament1 and was     
indebted to a spirit influence for his  
impressions and convictions4 ,but       
whatever is possible to the disembodied 
spirit in the intellectual way is also  
possible to the embodied spirit which   
has not lost its material body1 if the  
interior faculties are well developed   
and prophecy does not require supernal  
aid4 ,in innumerable cases mesmeric     
subjects1 in their somniloquent         
condition1 have made most accurate      
predictions in reference to their own   
cases and others1 which have been       

accurately verified4 ,there is probably 
no good clairvoyant physician who has   
not often made successful predictions   
concerning patients4  ,in the daily     
practice of psychometry1 ,mrs4          
,buchanan1 of whose powers the ,manual  
of ,psychometry gives a fair idea1 is   
accustomed in speaking of the present to
 feel impressions of the past and the   
future4 ,in reference to public men she 
has spoken in advance of their election 
or defeat1 their policy and their death4
 ,she spoke prophetically of the        
election of ,cleveland and the defeat of
 ,blaine1 of the deaths of ,disraeli and
 ,garibaldi1 of the career of ,gladstone
 and his becoming the best friend of    
,ireland2 and when ,ireland was believed
 to be on the brink of a bloody         
revolution or rebellion1 she announced  
that no such outbreak would occur1 but  
that at the end of two years ,ireland   
would be pacified and quiet4 ,at the end
 of two years this was verified1 for the
 magistrates commented on the fact at   

that time that there were fewer crimes  
of violence before them than had been   
customary4  ,i have learned to rely on  
this prescience1 and in reference to    
public men and public affairs1 when they
 interested me1 have satisfied my       
curiosity by the psychometric method4   
,for twelve months past the newspaper   
press and the statesmen of ,europe and  
,america have been continually agitated 
by apprehensions of a great ,european   
war1 and have made numerous estimates of
 the power of belligerents and the      
result of the contest4 ,france and      
,germany have been expected to engage in
 a fatal conflict1 and even a noted     
public medium has fallen in with these  
ideas and predicted a coming war this   
year4  ,i have kept the record of public
 opinion1 and from time to time have    
invoked the aid of psychometry1 which   
has dissipated every fear and           
contradicted all the pessimistic notions
 of politicians and newspaper           
correspondents down to the present time4

  ,on the #bfth of ,january ,i recorded 
the psychometric impressions1 again in  
,february1 and again on the #aath of    
,march4 ,the psychometer answers        
questions or discusses subjects by      
impression alone1 not knowing what is   
under her hand1 but expressing what     
arises in her mind4 ,the first          
impression1 ,january #bf1 was as        
follows3  ,it looks misty1 but the      
finale looks bright4 ,the result of     
this1 whatever it is1 will be a grand   
success or achievement--good will       
result4 ,there is a dissatisfaction or  
rivalry on a very large scale--very     
momentous--is it war8 ,there is         
agitation and blustering4  ,q4--,how    
will it be in the summer8  ,there will  
not be war4 ,there is a growing         
contention1 like growling1 angry dogs2  
they may keep up growling for a year1   
but it will be nothing2 there will be   
good coming out of it--a better         
understanding2 this experience will     
elevate the views of the people2 they   

will see the folly1 and not be so       
belligerent4 ,there will be no war this 
summer4  ,what was the drift of opinion1
 however1 as shown by the press8 ,the   
correspondent of the ,new ,york ,sun    
said3 ,everybody talks of war as a sure 
thing which must soon appear somewhere4 
,the work of getting ready for the fray1
 of which ,i have often sent details1   
goes steadily on4 ,m4 ,thibaudin hopes  
for peace1 as do all other diplomats    
trained and admired for their ability to
 say what they don't think2 and finally 
he announces that ,france is ready to   
fight whenever the time comes4 ,january 
#bi he writes3 ,the ,daily ,news war    
scare which shook us up early in the    
week seems not to have exhausted its    
disquieting influence yet4 ,france and  
,germany are looked upon as certain to  
lead off the ball1 and ,germany1 it is  
generally thought1 will be found at the 
head of the set and take the initiative4
 ,preparations for a big fight continue 
in every direction4 ,russia1 if we can  

believe the tales from that unreliable  
country1 is quietly making preparations 
on a tremendous scale to have her paw   
fall heavily on somebody4  ,the ,french 
,revue des ,deux ,mondes said about this
 time that a war between ,france and    
,germany would almost inevitably lead to
 a general ,european war1 on a scale    
such as the world has never before seen4
  ,the ,russian ,viedomosti of ,february
 #e said3 ,no compromise is possible    
between ,russia and ,austria concerning 
,eastern affairs1 without detriment to  
,russia and the ,eastern races4 ,german 
intervention is useless1 and will only  
create hostility between ,russia and    
,germany4  ,the ,boston ,herald         
correspondent of ,february #e1 said of  
,france and ,germany3 ,now both are     
counted as among the most civilized and 
most humanitarian on the face of the    
globe1 and yet the certainty of war     
between the two hereditary enemies on   
either side of the ,rhine is as certain 
as anything can be4 ,when it comes1 be  

it sooner or later1 one of the two      
adversaries is inevitably condemned1 if 
not to total annihilation1 at least to  
such a crushing punishment that for many
 long years the defeated power will be  
little more than a geographical         
expression on modern maps4 ,his letter  
concluded with an elaborate statement of
 the military resources and condition of
 the two nations1 which approximate an  
equality in the aggregate4  ,a ,paris   
dispatch of the same date said that     
,prince ,bismarck has succeeded in      
establishing a coalition between        
,austria1 ,england1 and ,italy against  
,russia4 ,germany will join the         
coalition if ,france supports ,russia4  
,the ,new ,york ,sun of ,february #g1   
said3 ,we suppose there is no subject   
which just now is more earnestly        
discussed among intelligent ,americans  
than the probable result of the war     
between ,france and ,germany which is   
believed to be approaching4 ,france     
ought by this time to have outstripped  

her enemy in point of military          
efficiency4 ,she has laid out since     
#ahga nearly twice as much on her       
permanent armament1 and she devotes     
nearly twice as much to the current     
military expenses of each year4 ,she has
 maintained a larger peace              
establishment1 and she should have it in
 her power to bring to the field a      
larger number of soldiers who have      
served under the colors4  ,february #aj 
the ,paris correspondent of the ,berlin 
,post said that ,general ,boulanger was 
growing in popularity1 and is regarded  
by the masses as the long-expected      
liberator4 ,the whole country is anxious
 for revanche revenge1 and is arming    
silently1 but with the evident belief   
that the hour is coming4 ,to add to the 
growing hostility1 the ,post quotes from
 the ,paris ,figaro an article imputing 
the grossest immorality to ,german      
women4  ,at the same date1 the ,buda    
,pesth ,journal urged ,austria to attack
 ,russia before the latter has completed

 her preparations on the lower ,danube4 
,it said3 ,war is inevitable1 and it is 
better to begin fighting before the     
,balkan states have been ,russianized4  
,senor ,castillo1 the ,spanish minister 
of the interior1 said that ,spain had   
taken steps to augment her defences and 
protect her colonies1 in view of the    
possible ,european war4  ,february #ab a
 despatch to the ,london ,news from ,st4
 ,petersburg said3 ,ominous fears of a  
,european war prevail here4 ,it is      
announced that ,german colonists in the 
,caucasus have been notified to hold    
themselves in readiness to return to    
,germany and join the reserves4  ,at the
 same date the ,north ,german ,gazette  
said that since ,general ,boulanger had 
assumed charge of the ,french war office
 not a day had passed without measures  
being taken to augment the offensive    
strength of the army1 and there were    
constant movements of troops upon the   
frontiers4  ,february #ai the news was  
still more alarming at ,berlin4 ,work   

was going on night and day on the       
fortifications at ,verdun and ,belfort4 
,all commerce has been suspended at     
,metz1 excepting in food4 ,the          
inhabitants are storing their houses    
from cellar to garret4 ,a ,russian paper
 of that date said1 ,existing           
circumstances admit of no delay4  ,at   
,vienna1 ,february #ah1 it was announced
 that a semi-official letter from ,st4  
,petersburg represents that ,russia is  
waiting for a ,franco-,german conflict1 
which she considers inevitable1 to      
realize her own ,balkan projects4       
,russia would consider it to be to her  
own interest not to allow ,germany to be
 victorious4  ,february #ai ,senator    
,beck at ,washington referred to an     
extract from a late speech of ,count von
 ,moltke before the ,german ,reichstag1 
to show that war is inevitable4         
,february #bg the ,london despatch to   
the ,boston ,herald said3 ,within the   
last forty-eight hours confidence in the
 maintenance of peace has visibly       

lessened4  ,about the same time in      
,russian government circles the         
conviction was said to be gaining ground
 that a ,franco-,german war was         
inevitable1 and that it would be for the
 interest of ,russia to save ,france    
from disaster4  ,march #f the ,north    
,german ,gazette said that the ,alsace  
elections had strengthened the war party
 in ,france4 ,war seems to have been the
 general anticipation of military men4  
,general ,wolseley 7,february #bf7 is   
reported to have said3 ,i feel sure that
 a vast1 appalling war is certainly in  
the near future2 but this1 indeed1      
everybody may be said to know4  ,but    
everybody is as liable to be mistaken on
 questions of futurity as on questions  
of philosophy and religion1 on which the
 multitude called everybody has been    
largely mistaken ever since the earliest
 periods known to history4 ,everybody is
 generally pessimistic1 apt to be       
superstitious1 and never philosophic4 ,a
 single good psychometric perception is 

worth much more than ,mr4 ,everybody's  
opinion1 whether upon national policy1  
personal character1 historical truth1 or
 medical science4  ,the psychometric    
opinion is the opposite of that of      
,general ,wolseley and ,senator ,beck1  
for the psychometric soul is in the calm
 sphere of truth1 in which the passions 
have no deceiving power4 ,i have already
 published in the ,manual of            
,psychometry the prediction of universal
 peace at the end of five years from the
 prophecy1 and ,i now repeat the        
statement that great ,franco-,german war
 is but the fantasy of passion and fear4
 ,the last psychometric expression1     
,march #aa1 confirms the uniform        
statements heretofore4 ,upon the        
question ,what of the war in ,europe8   
this was the impression3  ,this seems a 
question of occurrences4 ,i seem to     
disagree with other people on this      
question4 ,it does not seem to me that  
it will occur4 ,if there are any        
prognostications1 they are intensified4 

,the result will not be what is         
predicted4 ,there is something like a   
foreshadowing that might cause a        
prediction1 but it will pass over4      
,there is a good deal of agitation and  
concern1 but nothing will occur this    
year as apprehended4 ,i feel that it    
will all subside1 and a picture of      
brightness and a clear sky appears4 ,the
 fire will burn out2 the boiling caldron
 which sends up steam will be quiet2 a  
peaceful time is coming4  ,when the     
,,journal shall have a little more      
space1 for it must be enlarged1 and     
psychometry is a little better          
understood1 ,i propose to establish a   
prophetic department1 and speak to my   
readers of coming events4     7,from the
 ,pall ,mall ,gazette1 ,london1 ,jan4   
#ab47  ,a ,,modern ,,miracle ,,worker4  
,,an ,,interview ,,with ,,mr4 ,,george  
,,milner ,,stephen4   ,every one knows  
,sir ,james ,fitzjames ,stephen2 most   
people have heard of ,mr4 ,leslie       
,stephen--the two most distinguished    

members of the ,stephen family resident 
in this country4 ,the ,stephen clan1    
however1 is widespread1 and there are   
eminent ,stephens scattered all over the
 world4 ,any ,stephen1 said ,mr4 ,froude
 in his ,oceanea1 could not fail to be  
interesting4 ,sir ,alfred ,stephen1 the 
deputy governor of ,new ,south ,wales1  
is declared by ,mr4 ,froude to be       
regarded as the greatest ,australian1 by
 nine out of every ten of the people of 
,sydney4 ,but the judicial renown of    
,fitzjames1 the literary fame of        
,leslie1 and the colonial reputation of 
,sir ,alfred1 all pale their ineffectual
 fires before the marvellous claims of  
,george ,milner ,stephen1 across whom   
,mr4 ,froude stumbled in ,new ,zealand1 
and who has now turned up unexpectedly  
in ,london4 ,he is1 as ,mr4 ,froude     
said1 a very noticeable person4 ,in     
fact1 he is a thaumaturgist of the first
 order4 ,while his relatives in the old 
country have devoted all the energy of  
their intellect to demonstrate the      

absurdity of all the superstitions built
 upon any arbitrary interference with   
the invariable laws of nature1 their    
kinsman ,george ,milner suddenly        
displays at the antipodes a gift of     
healing which1 if the veracious records 
of colonial and ,american newspapers can
 be relied upon1 rivals the most famous 
exploits of apostolic times4 ,not1      
indeed1 that ,george ,milner has yet    
raised the dead to life4 ,that is beyond
 his powers4 ,but all the minor marvels1
 such as making the blind to see1 the   
deaf to hear1 the dumb to speak1 and the
 lame to walk1 are accomplished by him  
in the ordinary course of his daily     
practice4 ,although this miracle-working
 ,stephen is a physician whose patients 
are healed by the touch1 he is          
nevertheless a physician practising the 
healing art like other eminent          
authorities--for the prescribed fee of  
the ordinary medical practitioners4 ,the
 only difference is that whereas the    
ordinary physician attends his patient  

daily for weeks and sometimes months1   
,mr4 ,stephen's course1 if a course at  
all1 ends at the latest in three visits1
 and the charges1 therefore1 are        
correspondingly low4 ,two guineas for   
consultation fee1 one guinea each       
subsequent visit1 or four guineas at the
 outside1 are to be regarded as his     
retaining fee2 but in those cases--and  
they are said to constitute a large     
proportion of those submitted to him--in
 which he effects a complete cure he    
naturally expects to be remembered by   
the grateful patient whom he has        
restored to health4 ,this1 however1 by  
the way4 ,in response to an invitation  
to the ,pall ,mall ,gazette office1 ,mr4
 ,george ,milner ,stephen described to a
 member of our staff with much detail   
the nature of his work4 ,it is a        
sufficiently marvelous story to arouse  
attention1 even on the part of the      
incredulous2 and the unbelieving        
authorities owe it to the public to     
institute a series of investigations    

into their relative's claims1 in order  
that he may either be claimed as the    
master healer of his age1 or summarily  
prosecuted as a rogue and vagabond1 who 
is obtaining money under false          
pretences4 ,it is monstrous that a      
gentleman of his rank and position      
should be allowed to go at large1 making
 such enormous claims of                
quasi-supernatural powers1 without      
having them promptly brought to the most
 rigorous of scientific tests4  ,mr4    
,george ,milner ,stephen is a man of    
wide and varied culture1 of great       
experience in affairs1 and has spent his
 life in public service of the most     
varied kind4 ,brought up to the bar1 he 
has been a trained lawyer all his life4 
,he has been acting-governor of ,south  
,australia2 he refused the colonial     
secretaryship of ,new ,zealand2 he has  
been official draftsman for the colony  
of ,victoria2 he has held the balance of
 power in more than one colony2 and in  
the colony of ,new ,south ,wales1 at the

 time when he suddenly discovered his   
miraculous powers1 he was leading       
counsel on circuit1 and in receipt of   
one of the largest professional incomes 
of any lawyer at the antipodes4 ,nor was
 his training solely colonial4 ,he had  
repeatedly visited ,england1 and had    
been called to our bar4 ,he takes a keen
 interest in mineralogical science1 and 
in the course of his career has         
exhibited on more than one occasion     
great personal bravery and indomitable  
nerve4 ,that such a man1 so highly      
connected1 so carefully trained1 with   
the intellect of a lawyer and the       
experience of a statesman1 should be in 
our midst claiming to be endowed with   
the gift of healing spoken of in the    
,new ,testament as vouchsafed to the    
,christians of apostolic times1 is a    
portent indeed1 and one well worthy of  
the attentive consideration of the most 
sceptical among us4  ,it was six and a  
half years ago1 said ,mr4 ,stephen in   
reply to a question1 that ,i first      

discovered that ,i possessed this gift  
of healing--it was by pure accident4 ,a 
friend who suffered from deafness       
jokingly appealed to me to give him back
 his hearing4 ,i1 also in joke1 made    
some passes over his head1 when to my   
utter astonishment ,i discovered that   
his deafness disappeared4 ,one          
experiment of this kind led to another1 
and in a short time ,i found myself     
overwhelmed with patients of high and   
low degree1 begging me to heal them of  
their diseases4 ,for three months after 
the discovery of my gift the sudden     
influx of patients who would not be     
denied left me no time to attend to my  
practice2 and1 willy nilly1 ,i was      
compelled to give up the law and take to
 medicine--if you may call by the name  
of medicine a profession in which no    
medicine is given4  ,then do you use no 
medicine at all8  ,none whatever4 ,the  
nearest approach to medicine that ,i    
ever gave to a patient is a little      
magnetized ointment--that is1           

camphorated lard1 and a little          
magnetized oil4 ,but it is only         
occasionally that ,i use these4 ,neither
 do ,i use passes1 although it was by   
the use of passes that ,i first         
discovered that ,i possessed this gift4 
,but how do you proceed8  ,variously4   
,sometimes ,i lay my hand upon the part 
affected2 at other times ,i breathe into
 the eye1 ear1 or mouth of the patient4 
,then1 again1 on other occasions ,i am  
able to banish the disease by a mere    
word or gesture4  ,are you a mesmerist  
or a magnetic healer8  ,mesmerist ,i am 
not2 for mesmerism implies the throwing 
of the patient into a mesmeric sleep4   
,neither am ,i a magnetist1 properly so 
called1 for there is no outgoing of     
magnetism from my body when ,i am       
healing4 ,the ordinary magnetist admits 
that he cannot cure more than four      
persons per diem2 ,i have cured as many 
as thirty1 and beyond the weariness     
caused by standing1 ,i have been no     
worse at the end than at beginning4     

,how do you explain these miracles8  ,i 
don't call them miracles4 ,they are     
marvels1 and ,i cannot explain them4    
,all that ,i know is that ,i have gone  
through the ,australian colonies1 ,new  
,zealand1 and many of the ,states in    
,america1 and that wherever ,i have gone
 the same effect followed4 ,at my touch1
 diseases and defects declared incurable
 by the first physicians of the faculty1
 disappear4 ,i remember well healing    
,sir ,james ,martin1 the chief justice  
of ,new ,south ,wales4 ,six years ago he
 was given up by the doctors and        
declared to be dying1 breathing with    
great difficulty1 and hardly able to    
speak without pain4 ,i laid my hand upon
 his chest1 and in a few minutes all    
difficulty of breathing disappeared1 he 
was able to speak freely1 and in a short
 time he had completely recovered4 ,he  
resumed his seat upon the bench1 and    
remained a hale1 active man till his    
death1 which occurred just the other    
day4 ,that is only one case out of many4

  ,how many8  ,i think ,i have been the 
means of healing about #cj1jjj patients 
in the six and a half years during which
 ,i have devoted my time to the work4   
,of course many of those patients were  
suffering from diseases which might have
 been cured by ordinary means4 ,others  
were declared to be incurable4          
,declared to be incurable by whom8  ,by 
the chief physicians in the colonies4 ,i
 have in my pocket--producing the papers
 as he spoke--certificates signed by the
 witnesses1 attested sometimes by       
magistrates1 and at other times by      
ministers of religion and colonial      
ministers1 that the person named in the 
certificate has received instantaneous  
relief by my touch4 ,here is one in     
which a person stone-blind from birth   
received sight when ,i blew into his    
eyes4  ,then do you cure all diseases8  
,certainly not4 ,there are many things  
which ,i cannot do4 ,i cannot raise the 
dead1 nor can ,i restore an arm which   
has been cut off1 a joint which has been

 excised1 or an eye which has been      
destroyed4 ,when there has been complete
 destruction of any important organ ,i  
cannot effect a cure2 but when          
destruction of the organ has not been   
complete1 ,i am frequently able to      
effect a cure in cases which the regular
 faculty have given up as utterly       
hopeless4  ,take cancer1 for instance3  
can you cure that8  ,i have treated some
 cases with remarkable success2 but of  
course ,i can do so only when the cancer
 has not eaten too far into the vital   
organism of the sufferer4 ,i have       
treated some thirty cancer cases1 the   
cure in all being complete4 ,the        
treatment was that of laying my hands   
over the part affected1 anointing with a
 little magnetized ointment1 and        
sometimes the injection of magnetized   
oil4 ,beyond that ,i do nothing4 ,i have
 here records of ten cures of cancer in 
all parts of the body4 ,if you will     
glance over the accounts1 described by  
the newspapers at the time when they    

occurred1 or copies of the certificates 
which ,i leave with you1 you will see   
that there is almost no limit to the    
variety of the cures which ,i have been 
able to effect4  ,that is all very well1
 ,mr4 ,stephen1 but you will not make   
converts by newspaper extracts4 ,the    
point is this3 ,will you consent to     
submit your gift to a practical test8   
,certainly1 said he2 ,i have already    
written to ,sir ,baldwin ,leighton1     
asking him if he can place me in        
communication with the governors of     
deaf1 dumb1 and blind asylums1 in order 
that ,i may be able to try my powers    
upon the patients of those institutions4
 ,i am quite satisfied that if ,i am    
allowed a fair opportunity of trying the
 effect of my healing touch1 ten out of 
every hundred of the inmates of these   
asylums will receive their sight1 or    
regain their speech and hearing4 ,i ask 
for no payment3 ,i simply request that  
in these institutions which are         
maintained by the public charity for the

 relief of helpless sufferers1 and      
where1 therefore1 there can be no       
collusion or any suspicion of trickery  
or fraud1 ,i should be allowed to lay my
 hands upon the eyes or the ears of the 
inmates4 ,i can do them no harm2 and ,i 
am perfectly sure that in at least ten  
per cent of the cases ,i shall be able  
to give great if not entire relief4     
,this is all very well2 but before you  
can expect the governors of public      
institutions to allow you to touch their
 inmates there must be a preliminary    
illustration of your power4 ,otherwise  
they would say justly that they would be
 over-run with quacks1 all of whom might
 wish to try a patent nostrum upon the  
unfortunate 'inmates of public          
institutions4'  ,very well1 said ,mr4   
,stephen1 ,i am willing to submit my    
gift to the most stringent test which   
your scientific sceptics can suggest4 ,i
 am willing to give an exhibition of my 
power under any test1 in the presence of
 any picked number of sceptics whom you 

may nominate1 and you may bring there   
half a dozen cases of disease certified 
by the faculty as incurable4 ,of course 
you will not bring sufferers whose      
complaints are manifestly beyond my     
power to cure4 ,as ,i said before1 ,i   
make no claim to restore organs that are
 destroyed1 but there is a sufficiently 
wide category in the complaints 'that   
flesh is heir to' to afford you an ample
 choice of half a dozen typical         
incurable cases4 ,when the deaf1 dumb1  
lame1 and otherwise suffering persons   
whom you wish experimented on have been 
brought and are in the presence of those
 whom you shall name1 ,i will undertake 
to effect an immediate improvement in   
the condition of1 say1 four out of the  
six4 ,it will probably become a complete
 cure on the second or third visit4 ,i  
seldom or never see a patient more than 
thrice4  ,well1 that seems fair4 ,you   
have no objection to my publishing this 
offer in the ,pall ,mall ,gazette8      
,none4 ,i make no profession to any     

skill4 ,i can only exercise a power     
which ,i discovered quite accidentally  
was vested in me4 ,the limits of that ,i
 can ascertain only by experience4 ,i am
 perfectly willing to have that power   
subjected to the severest tests which   
you can suggest1 and ,i have no doubt at
 all1 from the invariable experience of 
the last six years1 that cures will be  
effected for which no existing          
scientific hypothesis can adequately    
account4  ,the ,gazette says in another 
column3--,we commend the challenge of   
,mr4 ,george ,milner ,stephen1 which we 
publish in another column1 to the       
special attention of all interested in  
the exposure of popular delusion4 ,here 
is an educated ,english barrister of    
unimpeachable character1 who has        
rendered no little service to the state1
 informing all the faculty that he can  
heal patients whom they have dismissed  
as incurable1 by merely breathing on    
them or touching them4 ,in an ordinary1 
unknown1 vulgar charlatan this challenge

 might have passed unnoticed4 ,in the   
case of the ,australian cousin of ,mr4  
,justice ,fitzjames ,stephen it must be 
treated more seriously4 ,we invite      
communications from our scientific      
readers as to the best way of putting   
our visitor to the test4  ,scores of    
,american healers do similar works to   
those of ,dr4 ,g4 ,m4 ,stephen1 but the 
fashionable press ignores them because  
they have not wealth and social         
position4 ,the ,,journal ,,of ,,man will
 endeavor to do them justice4 ,in all   
such cases1 in which the healing power  
is inexhaustible1 we know that it is    
replenished from spiritual sources4 ,dr4
 ,stephen exercises a little policy in  
not mentioning the spiritual source of  
his power4 ,godless science and dead    
sectarianism recoil from spirit life4   
,no human constitution contains an      
inexhaustible fountain of life--the     
fountain is above1 and fortunate are    
they who can reach it4     ,,human      
,,longevity4   ,the possibility of long 

life1 illustrated in the first number of
 this ,,journal1 may easily be          
corroborated by referring to numerous   
examples2 but the fact that the nobler  
qualities of human nature are the most  
efficient promoters of longevity is our 
most important lesson1 and it is        
illustrated by the superior longevity of
 women4 ,he is a misanthrope who does   
not recognize their superior virtue1 and
 he is a poor statesman who does not    
wish to see that virtue imparted to our 
political life1 and who does not        
recognize the importance of giving to   
woman the most perfect intellectual and 
industrial education1 that she may be   
self supporting4 ,the ,british census   
show that there are #idh1jjj more women 
than men in ,great ,britain4 ,the ,st4  
,james ,gazette says3--  ,prof4 ,humphry
 of ,cambridge has prepared a series of 
tables which contain some interesting   
information about centenarians4 ,of #eb 
persons whom he mentions1 at least      
#aa--b males and #i females--actually   

attained the age of #ajj4 ,others       
attained very nearly to the hundred     
years4 ,only one of the persons reached 
#ajh years1 while one died at the       
alleged age of #ajf4 ,of the #eb        
persons1 #cf were women and #af men4    
,out of the #cf women #bf had been      
married1 and #aa had borne large        
families4 ,of the #bf who had been      
wives1 #h had married before they were  
#bj1 #a at #af1 and #b at #ag4  ,twelve 
of the fifty-two centenarians were      
discovered to have been the eldest      
children of their parents4 ,this fact1  
adds ,dr4 ,humphry1 does not agree with 
popular notions that first children     
inherit a feebleness of constitution1   
nor with the opinion of racing stables1 
which is decidedly against the idea that
 'firstlings' are to be depended on for 
good performances on the course4 ,the   
centenarians generally regarded were of 
spare build4 ,gout and rheumatism were  
as a rule1 absent4 ',it seems1' says    
,prof4 ,humphry1 'that the frame which  

is destined to great age needs no such  
prophylactics1 and engenders none of the
 peccant humors for which the finger    
joints 7as in gout7 may find a vent4'   
,of the fifty-two aged people1          
twenty-four only had no teeth1 the      
average number of teeth remaining being 
four or five4 ,long hours of sleep were 
notable among these old people1 the     
period of repose averaging nine hours2  
while out-of-door exercise in plenty and
 early rising are to be noted among the 
factors of a prolonged life4 ,one of the
 centenarians 'drank to excess on       
festive occasions3' another was a 'free 
beer drinker1' and 'drank like a fish   
during his whole life4' ,twelve had been
 total abstainers for life or nearly so1
 and mostly all were 'small meat        
eaters4'  ,the oldest woman in ,austria 
at this time is ,magdalene ,ponza1 who  
is #aab4 ,she was born at ,wittingau1   
,bohemia1 in #agge1 when ,maria ,theresa
 sat on the ,austrian throne4 ,george   
,,iii4 had then been but #ae years ,king

 of ,england1 ,louis ,,xvi4 who had     
ruled a little more than a twelvemonth  
in ,france1 was still in the heyday of  
power1 the ,independence of the ,united 
,states of ,america had not yet been    
declared1 ,napoleon and ,arthur         
,wellesley were as yet but six years    
old4 ,magdalene ,ponza retains full     
possession of her mental faculties4     
,unfortunately she can only speak the   
,czech language1 and she can neither    
read nor write4 ,however1 she answers   
questions briskly enough through the    
youngest of her surviving grandchildren1
 herself a woman of #fj4 ,magdalene     
,ponza's age is authenticated by the    
outdoor relief certificate of the       
,viennese ,municipality4  ,of ,american 
centenarians we have a number1 some of  
whom are still living4 ,harrisonville1  
,new ,jersey1 has two1 ,michael ,potter 
and ,bartholomew ,coles4 ,polly ,wilcox 
of ,hope ,valley1 ,r4 ,i41 celebrated   
her centennial last year2 so did ,jane  
,wilcox of ,edgecomb1 ,maine1 while she 

had a sister #id1 and a daughter #ha4   
,old ,auntie ,scroggins1 of ,forsyth    
,co41 ,georgia1 is now #ajd years old1  
and is still one of the most effective  
shouters of the ,methodist ,church to   
which she has belonged #id years4  ,miss
 ,phebe ,harrod1 of ,newburyport1       
,mass41 celebrated her centennial last  
year4 ,she still takes a lively interest
 in passing events4  ,grandmother ,sarah
 ,drew1 at ,halifax1 celebrated her     
centennial a year ago4 ,her constant    
companion is an old ,bible which has    
been in the ,drew family for #bej years4
  ,mrs4 ,triphene ,bevans1 of ,danbury1 
,mass41 held a lively centennial        
reception in the parlors of the ,west   
,street ,church1 ,april #ad1 #ahhf4 ,her
 health1 hearing and speech were good1  
and her step brisk4 ,she attributes her 
age and good health to good habits and  
allowing nothing to trouble or worry    
her4 ,she has always been a strict      
church member4  ,william ,waterman1 of  
,oshkosh1 ,wisconsin1 is said to be #aji

 years old4 ,it is said he is a         
,methodist1 uses liquor and tobacco1 and
 finds no fault with the world4  ,joseph
 ,o',neal of ,barnesville1 ,georgia1    
might have been living still if he had  
not been frozen to death last winter1 at
 the age of #ajg1 in a sudden blizzard4 
,he was a negro1 and had over #bjj      
descendants4  ,mrs4 ,elizabeth ,thomas1 
of ,reading1 ,penn41 who had lived a    
century1 might be still living if she   
had not been killed last year1 while    
walking on the railroad track4  ,of     
those who overrun the century1 we might 
mention further1 ,simon ,harras1 who    
died in ,putnam ,co41 ,indiana1 last    
,january1 aged #aji4 ,his memory was    
good to the last4  ,mrs4 ,elizabeth     
,small1 relict of ,dr4 ,samuel ,small1  
at ,lewiston1 ,maine1 had passed her    
hundredth birthday a few weeks1 when she
 died of apoplexy2 and ,mrs4 ,susan     
,phillips1 of ,wilson ,creek1 ,n4 ,c41  
died last year just as she finished her 
century4  ,nathan1 formerly slave of    

,benj4 ,w4 ,bodie1 died last year in    
,mississippi1 ,talbot ,co41 aged #ajg4  
,christopher ,mann1 of ,independence1   
,missouri1 died last year1 aged #aaa4   
,the oldest of all1 and probably the    
oldest minister in the world1 is ,rev4  
,thos4 ,tenant1 of ,vineyard ,township1 
,arkansas1 an itinerant ,methodist      
preacher1 born in #agga1 now in his     
#aafth year4  ,mr4 ,edward ,gentry told 
a more remarkable story at              
,indianapolis1 last ,july4 ,he was at   
the governor's office1 and gentlemen    
were guessing at his age4 ,none supposed
 him over fifty2 but he said he had a   
son fifty-two years old1 and was himself
 seventy-eight4 ,he added3 ,my doctor   
has given me a fifty years' longer lease
 on my life1 barring accidents4 ,my     
father is #abh and is still living4 ,my 
mother died at the age of #aag1 and her 
mother lived to the same age4 ,mr4      
,gentry is of ,english birth4  ,perhaps 
the best specimen of family health is   
that of the ,atkinson family of         

,gloucester1 ,mass4 ,nine children were 
born1 and all lived4 ,the first death in
 the family was a few weeks ago1 when   
,john ,atkinson died1 aged eighty-four4 
,when he died the ages of the nine      
amounted to #gjc years4  ,aunt ,dinah   
,john1 the oldest ,indian at the        
,onondaga reservation died in ,may1     
#ahhd1 aged #aji4  ,about ten years ago1
 when ,governor ,seymour was about to   
make an address at an ,indian fair on   
the ,onondaga reservation1 ,aunt ,dinah 
walked upon the platform and asked to be
 introduced to him4  ,mr4 ,gardner said1
 ,governor ,seymour1 this is ,aunt      
,dinah1 who wants to become acquainted  
with you4  ,oh1 no2 him get acquainted  
with me1 ,aunt ,dinah explained4 ,me    
know him before he know anybody4 ,many  
years ago me go to ,pompey ,hill1 his   
father's grocery4 ,governor's father    
say3 ',my squaw very sick4' ,i ask1     
',what matter8' ,his father say1 ',go in
 and see for yourself4' ,he go into a   
room2 see a little pappoose about a foot

 long4 ,then moving toward ,governor    
,seymour1 and pointing her finger at    
him1 she said3 ,that pappoose was you1  
,governor ,seymour1 born that night4    
,aunt ,dinah called frequently at ,mr4  
,seymour's and took especial delight in 
rocking the cradle and showering        
caresses in her native fashion upon the 
future ,governor of the ,state4  ,about 
three years ago she became blind1 and   
has since been kept at her home on the  
,onondaga reservation4 ,she retained her
 faculties to the last4 ,her husband    
died thirty years ago4 ,her dying       
request was that the pagan ceremony be  
first observed and afterward the        
,christian ritual4  ,what are we to     
reckon1 says the ,home ,journal1 as the 
declining period of man's existence8    
,the point at which old age taps us on  
the shoulder1 and says it comes to keep 
us company1 varies with every           
individual4 ,it depends a great deal on 
circumstances1 which are hardly the same
 in any two cases4 ,some writers have   

said that a man is old at forty-five1   
others have set down seventy as the     
normal standard4 ,dr4 ,john ,gardner1   
who has written on ,longevity1 remarks3 
,long observation has convinced me that 
sixty-three is an age at which the      
majority of persons may be termed old1  
and as a general rule we may adopt this 
as the epoch of the commencing decline  
of life4  ,suppose then we agree to call
 no man old till he is past sixty-three4
 ,let us set down the names of some of  
the illustrious people of the world who 
have prolonged their days of usefulness 
after that age4 ,we shall make a table  
of them1 and begin it with those who    
have died at seventy1--that is to say1  
with those in whom the springs of life  
have not stood still till they have had 
at least seven years of old age4 ,it    
will be found1 however1 to be far from  
exhaustive1 and every reader may find   
pleasure in adding to it from his own   
stock of information3      ,age at      
,death4      #gj--;,columbus2 ,lord     

,chatham2 ,petrarch2 ,copernicus2       
,spallanzani2           ,boerhaave2     
,gall4     #ga--,linnus4                
#gb--;,charlemagne2 ,samuel ,richardson2
 ,allan ,ramsey2 ,john ,locke2          
,necker4     #gc--;,charles ,darwin2    
,thorwaldsen4     #gd--;,handel2        
,frederick the ,great2 ,dr4 ,jenner4    
#ge--;,haydn2 ,dugald ,stewart4         
#gf--;,bossuet4     #gg--,thomas        
,telford2 ,sir ,joseph ,banks2 ,lord    
,beaconsfield4     #gh--;,galileo2      
,corneille4     #gi--,william ,harvey2  
,robert ,stevenson2 ,henry ,cavendish4  
#hj--,plato2 ,wordsworth2 ,ralph ,waldo 
,emerson2 ,kant2 ,thiers2 ,william      
,cullen4     #ha--;,buffon2 ,edward     
,young2 ,sir ,edward ,coke2 ,lord       
,palmerston4     #hb--;,arnauld4        
#hc--,wellington2 ,goethe2 ,victor      
,hugo4     #hd--,voltaire2 ,talleyrand2 
,sir ,william ,herschel4     #he--;,cato
 the ,wise2 ,newton2 ,benj4 ,franklin2  
,jeremy ,bentham4     #hf--;,earl       
,russell2 ,edmund ,halley2 ,carlyle4    

#hh--;,john ,wesley4     #hi--,michael  
,angelo4     #ij--,sophocles4           
#ii--,titian4    #ajj--;,fontenelle4    
,it may be said that they were          
exceptional in living so long1 but if   
what the best authorities say be true1  
the exceptions ought to be the people   
who died young1 and not those who       
prolong their lives and carry on their  
work till they are old4 ,few of us may  
find ourselves1 like ,lord ,palmerston1 
in our greatest vigor at seventy1 or be 
able1 like ,thiers1 to rule ,france at  
eighty1 or have any spirit for playing  
the author1 like ,goethe and ,victor    
,hugo1 when over eighty2 or for playing 
the musician1 like ,handel and ,haydn1  
when over seventy2 but by good          
management we may do wonders4  ,the     
wisest men and the best have been       
conspicuous for working to the end1 not 
taking the least advantage of the       
leisure to which one might think they   
were entitled4 ,they have found their   
joy in pursuing labors which they       

believed useful either to themselves or 
to others4 ,john ,locke began a ,fourth 
,letter on ,toleration only a few weeks 
before he died1 and the few pages in the
 posthumous volume1 ending in an        
unfinished sentence1 seem to have       
exhausted his remaining strength4 ,the  
fire of ,galileo's genius burned to the 
very end4 ,he was engaged in dictating  
to two of his disciples his latest      
theories on a favorite subject1 when the
 slow fever seized him that brought him 
to the grave4 ,sir ,edward ,coke spent  
the last six years of his life in       
revising and improving the works upon   
which his fame now rests4 ,john ,wesley 
only the year before he died wrote3 ,i  
am now an old man1 decayed from head to 
foot4444 ,however1 blessed be ,god6 ,i  
do not slack my labors2 ,i can preach   
and write still4 ,arnauld1 one of the   
greatest of ,french theologians and     
philosophers1 retained1 says ,disraeli1 
the vigor of his genius and the command 
of his pen to his last day1 and at the  

age of eighty-two was still the great   
,arnauld4 ,it was he who1 when urged in 
his old age to rest from his labors1    
exclaimed1 ,rest6 ,shall we not have the
 whole of eternity to rest in8  ,a      
healthy old age cannot be reached       
without the exercise of many virtues4   
,there must have been prudence1         
self-denial1 and temperance at the very 
least4 ,according to the proverb1 he    
that would be long an old man must begin
 early to be one1 and the beginning     
early just means taking a great many    
precautions commonly neglected till it  
is too late4 ,more people would be found
 completing their pilgrimage at a late  
date if it were not that1 as a ,french  
writer puts it1 ,men do not usually die2
 they kill themselves4 ,it is           
carelessness about the most ordinary    
rules of healthy living4  ,the enjoyment
 of old age may be looked on then as a  
reward1 and the aged may pride          
themselves on being heirs to a rich     
inheritance1 assigned to forethought and

 common sense4 ,many years are an honor4
 ,they are an honor even in the case of 
the worldly1 and a great deal more so   
when life has been regulated by motives 
higher than any the world can show4 ,the
 hoary head1 says ,solomon1 is a crown  
of glory2 but he adds this              
qualification1 if it be found in the way
 of righteousness4 ,old people form a   
natural aristocracy1 and to be ranked   
among them may be recommended to all who
 have an ambition to close their lives  
well up in the world4  ,for a picture of
 an old man in this enviable state of   
mind take ,cornaro4 ,in his eighty-third
 year we find him congratulating himself
 that in all probability he had still a 
series of years to live in health and   
spirits and to enjoy this beautiful     
world1 which is indeed beautiful to     
those who know how to make it so4 ,even 
at ninety-five he wrote of himself as   
sound and hearty1 contented and         
cheerful4 ,at this age1 he says1 ,i     
enjoy at once two lives3 one            

terrestrial1 which ,i possess in fact2  
the other celestial1 which ,i possess in
 thought2 and this thought is equal to  
actual enjoyment1 when founded on things
 we are sure to attain1 as ,i am sure to
 attain that celestial life1 through the
 infinite mercy and goodness of ,god4   
,jeremy ,bentham1 who lived to be       
eighty-five1 retained to the last the   
fresh and cheerful temperament of a boy4
 ,john ,wesley1 who died when he was    
eighty-eight1 also had a happy          
disposition4 ,i feel and grieve1 he     
says1 but by the grace of ,god ,i fret  
at nothing4 ,goethe1 who reached his    
eighty-third year1 is another good      
example4 ,then there is ,boerhaave1 one 
of the most celebrated physicians of    
modern times1 who held that decent mirth
 is the salt of life4 ,indeed in the    
case of most old people1 we believe it  
will be found that cheerfulness is one  
of their leading characteristics4       
99       99       99       99       99  
,the recent death of ,mr4 ,beecher1 who 

with his splendid constitution ought to 
have lived twenty years longer1         
illustrates the principles of hygiene   
which he blindly disregarded4 ,for years
 he was threatened with the form of     
death that seized him1 and came near a  
fatal attack some years ago in ,chicago 
while delivering a lecture4 ,men of a   
strong animal nature1 hearty eaters1 and
 restless workers1 making great use of  
the brain1 are liable to such attacks4  
,if ,mr4 ,beecher had observed ordinary 
prudence1 and had a little scientific   
magnetic treatment1 he would never have 
had an apoplectic attack2 but he was    
commonplace in thought4 ,he went the old
 way1 and died as short-sighted men die4
 ,he had read my ,anthropology1 and told
 me he kept it in his library1 but its  
thought did not enter into his life4    
,,justice ,,to ,,the ,,indians4  ,,by   
,,john ,,beeson4   ,president ,grant    
placed them under control of the        
churches1 making them responsible for   
all their ,indian agents1 whom the      

churches were to nominate4 ,but as fraud
 and war have been more or less as      
rampant as ever1 it seems that the first
 thing should be1 to relieve the        
,indians from church rule1 and recognize
 at once the ,indian's inalienable right
 to life1 liberty1 and the pursuit of   
happiness1 the same as we claim for     
ourselves2 so long as they do not       
disturb the peace or violate the rights 
of their white neighbors1 we have no    
right to interfere with either their    
religion or laws upon their reserves4   
,it is this meddlesome injustice which  
makes all the trouble2 it would make    
trouble with any other community1 if    
another religious sect should be allowed
 to dominate over them in all their     
affairs4 ,it is not ,indian1 but human1 
nature1 to do so1 the world over4 ,dr4  
,bland1 editor of ,the ,council ,fire1  
says3      ,i have been long and        
intimately acquainted with many tribes4 
,i find that they are not savages1 but  
the peers of white men1     with great  

self-respect1 a high sense of honor1 and
 love of     truth4  ,even the civilized
 tribes still retain their mutual       
confidence4 ,hence1 they use no locks1  
no bolts nor bars1 when absent from     
their homes2 a stake in the ground1     
about three feet from the door1 is a    
sufficient guarantee from intrusion4 ,it
 would be deemed a reflection upon      
neighborly honor to lock a door in the  
,indian ,territory4 ,i was there when   
they built their first prison2 they now 
number sixty thousand1 most of whom have
 lived there forty years1 and then1 they
 said1      ,the new railroad brought so
 many white renegades among us     that 
we had to build a prison for them4  ,i  
asked1 ,what do you do when one ,indian 
kills another8 ,they answered3 ,we have 
a trial1 and if the killing was without 
great cause1 we sentence the guilty one 
to be killed by the near of kin to his  
victim2 we appoint the time and the     
place1 and we have never known an       
,indian to fail to come voluntarily in  

time for his own execution4  ,they      
believe that the ,great ,spirit will    
give all the hell or all the heaven that
 each deserves2 that there is no        
possibility of escape from a just       
penalty and no danger of losing a       
deserved heaven1 but to them it is      
unjust to hope for anything on the      
merits of another4 ,h4 ,w4 ,beecher said
 in his first lecture after his return  
from the ,pacific ,coast3      ,i made  
special inquiry of those who are posted 
on ,indian     affairs1 as to their     
moral status1 and was always told that  
when fairly treated they are quite      
reliable4  ,gen4 ,crookes said of the   
,apaches1 that while they were protected
 on their reserves from outside         
aggression they were as well behaved and
 orderly as any community of people in  
the ,united ,states4  ,it is true1 they 
killed ,generals ,canby and ,custer1 but
 the first had1 contrary to preliminary 
agreement1 moved his soldiers           
twenty-five miles1 and placed them in   

two companies on each side of the place 
where the treaty was to be made4 ,the   
first demand of the ,modoc chief was1 to
 take back the soldiers1 and it was not 
until a long delay1 and a firm refusal  
on the part of ,canby1 that the ,modoc  
chief fired the fatal shot4  ,and as for
 ,custer and his men1 they fell while   
ignobly1 and without right or authority1
 invading the peaceful home of ,sitting 
,bull and his people4  ,general ,harney 
says3      ,i have lived fifty years on 
the frontier1 and ,i have never         
known an ,indian war in which they were 
not in the right4  ,dr4 ,mc,laughlin    
said3      ,i have been fifty-three     
years an ,indian trader1 and more than  
fifty years superintendent of the       
,hudson ,bay ,fur ,company1 and     in  
all that time1 ,i have never seen an    
occasion to shed the     blood of an    
,indian4 ,the ,american people suppose  
that their     revenge is proof of      
savagery4 ,but that is a mistake4 ,it is
     their sense of justice1 and        

whatever they do is but an echo of      
what has been done to them4 ,they       
believe as ,moses taught1     blood for 
blood1 life for life4  ,gen4 ,fremont   
said3      ,i lived two years among the 
,indians with only one white     woman1 
and was never more kindly treated4 ,i   
lost nothing1     although all ,i had   
was accessible to them4  ,surely1       
testimony like this1 in connection with 
their healing magnetism so freely given 
to ,spiritualism1 should awaken sympathy
 if not gratitude in their behalf4--,new
 ,thought4  ,talent1 ,oregon1 ,jan4 #ai1
 #ahhg4     ,,miscellaneous             
,,intelligence4   ,,anatomy ,,of ,,the  
,,brain4--,anatomy is considered the    
driest and most difficult of biological 
studies1 but a careful attention to our 
description of the brain will show that 
it is very intelligible4 ,after we get  
through with the anatomy1 the           
description of organs and their         
functions is simple and practical4      
,every one should understand the        

outlines of cerebral anatomy1 and then  
he can discuss the subject with         
imperfectly educated physicians1 and    
show them their errors4   ,,mesmeric    
,,cures of countless variety and        
marvelous success have occurred all     
through the present century4 ,but when  
not effected by distinguished           
physicians1 they have generally been    
ignored by the press1 and their         
knowledge confined to a very narrow     
circle4 ,now1 however1 since eminent    
physicians at ,paris are engaged1 and   
the word hypnotism is substituted for   
mesmerism and magnetism1 their          
performances are proclaimed by          
journalists and even by the medical     
press4 ,the following is one of the     
latest reports4 ,the reader will observe
 that when the medical faculty after a  
prolonged opposition yield to any new   
idea1 they endeavor to ignore entirely  
the pioneers by whom the discoveries    
were made1 and by whom an interest was  
created in the subject while the faculty

 were hostile4 ,it will probably not be 
long before they adopt the leading ideas
 of homoeopathy and endeavor to         
obliterate the memory of ,hahnemann4    
,hypnotism has been employed with       
considerable success in ,paris for some 
time past in the treatment of hysterical
 diseases1 by ,charcot and others1 but  
the case recently reported by ,m4       
,clovis ,hugues1 in ,france1 is the most
 extraordinary application so far on    
record4 ,a young lady of twenty was     
attacked six months ago with a nervous  
ailment which completely derived her of 
her voice4 ,electricity was tried1 with 
a certain amount of success1 but after a
 time it lost its effect and was        
abandoned in despair4 ,as a last resort1
 her friends applied to ,dr4 ,berillon1 
the hypnotic specialist4 ,after         
consultation with ,dr4 ,charcot1 he     
undertook the cure4 ,the girl was thrown
 into a mesmeric trance by the usual    
means1 and ,dr4 ,berillon suggested that
 she should say on waking1 ',i am       

twenty4' ,on opening her eyes she       
uttered these words without the least   
effort4 ,on the second day the          
suggestion was that she should converse 
with ,dr4 ,berillon1 and this she also  
did1 but could talk with no one else4   
,on the third day the doctor commanded  
her to talk with any one and at any time
 that she chose4 ,she has been able to  
use her tongue freely ever since4       
,,medical ,,despotism4--,the infamous   
law juggled through the ,legislature of 
,iowa1 which deprives every citizen of  
the right of relieving her neighbor of  
disease without the authority of a      
diploma1 and renders ,christian         
benevolence a crime1 does not produce   
much effect4 ,the natural healers pay no
 respect to it4 ,in every prosecution   
under the law so far1 the attempt to    
enforce the law has been defeated4      
,juries are unwilling to aid an ignorant
 ,legislature in trampling on the       
,divine law and the principles of       
,american constitutions4   ,,the        

,,dangerous ,,classes4--,the existence  
of considerable classes1 chiefly of     
foreigners1 who are contemplating murder
 and rapine1 should interest every good 
citizen4 ,at ,cincinnati on the #fth of 
,march1 it is said1 ,the institution of 
the ,paris commune in #ahdh and #ahga   
was celebrated tonight by the           
,cincinnati anarchists4 ,it was the most
 revolutionary gathering ever seen in   
this city1 and the speech of ,mrs4 ,lucy
 ,e4 ,parsons1 wife of the condemned    
anarchist1 was of a very inflammatory   
character4 ,the hall was crowded with   
men and women who drank beer at tables4 
,it was a motley and dangerous looking  
throng4 ,on the walls were mottoes with 
red borders1 and the entire hall was    
profusely decorated with large red      
flags4 ,there wasn't an ,american flag  
in the hall1 and above the stage was a  
picture of the condemned anarchists4    
,several pictures of notorious          
,anarchists who have been beheaded for  
murder and riot were conspicuously      

displayed4 ,the band played no national 
airs except the ',marseillaise1' and    
everything said and done showed a bitter
 hatred of ,american institutions4 ,mrs4
 ,parsons gave a history of the ,paris  
commune of #ahga1 and said the mistake  
made was in showing any mercy to        
capitalists4 ,her remarks were loudly   
applauded1 although a majority of her   
audience couldn't understand one word of
 ,english4 ,dancing followed the        
speeches1 and was kept up all night4    
,,arbitration4--,in the ,sinaloa colony1
 ,any disputes that arise between       
colonists will be settled by            
arbitration4 ,there will be one lawyer  
to protect the interests of the         
corporation in dealings with outside    
parties4 ,this is a great step in       
advance4 ,when a true civilization      
arrives1 arbitration will supersede     
courts1 and psychometry will assist in  
making it perfect4   ,,criticism ,,on   
,,the ,,church4--,if any readers of the 
,,journal think its criticisms on the   

church have been too harsh1 because     
their own acquaintance is confined to   
worthy professors of the present time1  
,i would call their attention to the    
unquestionable statements of ,hallam1   
,guizot1 and ,draper1 as follows3  ,with
 respect to the last1 the grandest of   
all human undertakings 7i4 e41 the      
circumnavigation of the earth71 it is to
 be remembered that ,catholicism had    
irrevocably committed itself to the     
dogma of a flat earth1 with the sky as a
 floor of heaven1 and hell in the under 
world4--,draper's ,conflict1 p4 #bid4   
,persecution for religious heterodoxy1  
in all its degrees1 was in the sixteenth
 century the principle as well as the   
practice of every church4--,hallam's    
,middle ,ages1 vol4 #b1 p4 #dh4  ,when  
any step was taken to establish a system
 of permanent institutions1 which might 
effectually protect liberty from the    
invasions of power in general1 the      
church always ranged herself on the side
 of despotism4--,guizot's ,history of   

,civilization in ,europe1 p4 #aed4      
,there was fighting and fighting between
 the old and new school1 and all on a   
question that would make a crab         
laugh1--questions that were             
hypercritical and infinite1 and about   
which everybody knew nothing at all1 and
 they thought they knew as well as ,god4
 ,questions were talked of with         
positiveness1 and argued2 and1 when ,i  
look back upon them1 ,i cannot help     
thinking they were no better than the   
contentions of children around the      
cradle4 ,but all this gave me great     
repulsion for dogmatic theology1 and it 
is a repulsion which ,i have not got    
over1 and the present prospects are that
 ,i never shall4--,henry ,ward ,beecher4
   ,,earthquakes ,,and                  
,,predictions4--,professor ,rudolf      
,falb1 of ,vienna1 it is reported1      
predicted to an hour the earthquakes    
which have occurred in ,france and      
,italy4  ,writing in the ,austrian      
papers some days ago1 he pointed out    

that the annular eclipse of the sun1    
which commenced on ,tuesday morning at  
#f4da ,greenwich time1 was central at   
#i4ac ,p4 ,m41 and ended on the earth   
generally at twenty-five minutes past   
midnight on ,wednesday morning1 was     
likely to be accompanied with strong    
atmospheric and seismic disturbances4   
,the learned physicist has gained great 
reputation by previous similar          
forecasts4 ,his first and great success 
was the foretelling the destructive     
shock at ,belluno1 on ,june #bi1 #ahgc4 
,nearly the whole of ,northern ,italy   
was affected1 and upwards of fifty lives
 were lost4 ,very shortly afterwards he 
gave warning of the probability of an   
eruption of ,etna1 which followed at the
 time anticipated in #ahgd4--,london    
,echo4  ,john ,s4 ,newberry1 professor  
of geology and paleontology at ,columbia
 ,college1 being the ,american authority
 upon all matters pertaining to the     
crust of the earth1 was naturally       
interested in the earthquake that       

visited ,long ,island on ,wednesday4 ,he
 derides the idea that the local seismic
 disturbance has any connection with the
 recent occurrences at ,mentone1 as the 
shocks were too far apart1 and1 if      
connected1 should have been felt within 
eight hours of each other1 whereas there
 was several days' difference4 ,his     
theory1 which is amply sustained by     
observation1 is that an earthquake is a 
movement caused by a shrinking1 from    
loss of heat1 of the interior of the    
earth and the crushing together and     
displacement of the rigid exterior as it
 accommodates itself to this            
contraction4 ,it has been noticed that  
the earth is shaken along the ,alleghany
 chain nearly every year4 ,it is        
impossible to predict a recurrence of   
the shocks1 but it is quite probable    
they will recur4 ,there is a record of  
#bca earthquakes in the ,new ,england   
,states between the years #afch and     
#ahfi4--;,brooklyn ,eagle4     ,,chapter
 ,,ii--,,structure ,,of ,,the ,,brain4  

,man a triple being--,materialists and  
illusionists misconceive                
him--,relation of the soul to the brain 
and body--,the nervous     system2      
illustration--,embryonic                
condition--,anatomical     descriptions 
unsatisfactory and the phrenological    
school     incorrect--,exterior view of 
the brain in the head1 illustrated      
and described--,the cerebrum1           
cerebellum1 and     tentorium--,interior
 view of the base of the skull--,bones  
of     the head illustrated--,division  
of the brain into lobes and             
convolutions1 with                      
illustration--,frontal1 middle1         
parietal1     tempero-sphenoidal1 and   
occipital--,anatomical plan or grouping 
of convolutions differs from their      
actual appearance--,view of     the     
superior surface                        
illustrated--,difference between the    
irregular convolutions and the angular  
maps--,view of the     inferior surface 
of the brain--,illustration and         

description of     the parts--,interior 
view of section on the median           
line--,divided and undivided            
surfaces-,corpus callosum               
explained--,the two brains and their    
diagonal relations to the               
body--,penetrating and describing the   
lateral ventricles--,the     serum in   
the brain--,variations of serum and     
blood--,variations     in hydrocephalus 
and insanity--,our power to modify the  
brain     and change our destiny--,power
 of education--,responsibility of       
society--,the lateral ventricles the    
centre of the brain--,base     of the   
ventricles1 the great inferior ganglia  
of the brain1     corpora striata1 and  
thalami--,their radiating fibres        
inclosing a cavity--,the thalami and    
their commissure and     third          
ventricle--,the medulla oblongata1      
cerebellum1 and     arbor vit--,the pons
 ,varolii and crura of the brain--the   
corpora quadrigemina1 pineal gland1     
fourth ventricle1 and     calamus       

scriptorius4   ,man is essentially a    
triple organization1 consisting of the  
permanent psychic being1 intangible to  
our external senses1 but nevertheless so
 distinctly recognized internally by    
consciousness and externally or in      
others1 by intuition and understanding1 
that the psychic is as well understood  
and known as the physical being4 ,this  
being is the eternal man--the material  
body being its temporary associate4     
,the physical being1 or material form1  
consists of the portion directly and    
entirely occupied by the psychic        
existence--which is called the brain or 
encephalon1 and is in life also beyond  
the reach of our senses in the interior 
of the cranium--and the non-psychic     
structure1 the body1 which1 though not  
the residence of the soul1 has so       
intimate and complete a connection with 
the entire brain that during active life
 it feels as if it were the actual      
residence of the soul1 so far as        
sensation and action are concerned4     

,the soul1 or psychic being1 has        
external and internal perceptions 7for  
which it has cerebral organs74 ,when the
 former predominate too greatly1 the    
human body and all external objects are 
realized most vividly1 and the reality  
of psychic life is not so well realized 
or understood4 ,hence persons so        
organized are disposed to materialism1  
and either doubt the existence of their 
psychic being1 or are indifferent to it4
  ,on the other hand1 those in whom the 
interior faculties predominate too      
greatly vividly realize their psychic   
life1 but have more vague and feeble    
conceptions of material objects1        
including their own bodies1 and attach  
undue importance to the imaginary and   
subjective in preference to the         
objective4 ,the materialists and the    
illusionists1 however1 are not entirely 
composed of these two classes of        
subjective and objective thinkers4 ,the 
majority consists of persons of moderate
 reasoning capacity1 who simply follow  

their leaders4  ,in making a critical   
distinction between the psycho-organic  
brain and non-psychic body1 the former  
may be confined strictly within the     
cranium1 leaving the exterior portions  
of the head as a part of the non-psychic
 body2 but as they are more intimately  
associated with the brain than any part 
below the neck1 this distinction is not 
important2 and if the whole head1 as the
 environment of the psychic brain1 be   
grouped with it1 it may not lead to any 
material error4 ,the brain is intimately
 associated with the entire physical    
person by twelve pairs of cranial or    
cerebral nerves1 and by the spinal cord1
 which descends from the base of the    
brain through a great foramen or opening
 midway between the ears1 and while     
passing down the spinal column gives off
 thirty pairs of nerves4  ,the cranial  
nerves are all for the head1 except the 
pneumogastric or lung-stomach nerve1    
which belongs to the organs of          
respiration1 voice1 and digestion2 and  

the spinal nerves are all for the body1 
except a few which ramify in the neck   
and in the scalp4  ,the entire nervous  
system is so instantaneously prompt in  
conveying to the brain the impressions  
which originate feeling1 and in         
conveying from the brain the nervous    
energies that produce voluntary motion  
and modify all the processes of life1   
that we feel as if we had sensation and 
volition in every part of the body2 or1 
in other words1 that our conscious      
existence was in the body2 but we       
rationally know that the sensation and  
volition occur in the brain1 for neither
 sensation nor voluntary motion can     
occur if the nervous connection with the
 brain is interrupted by compression and
 section1 or if the brain itself be     
sufficiently compressed4 ,when the brain
 is exposed by an injury of the cranium1
 the pressure of a finger suspends all  
consciousness and volition1 making a    
blank in the life of the individual4    
,animal life resides in the nervous     

system alone1 and its character is      
proportioned to the development thereof1
 of which the brain is the principal    
mass4 ,a subordinate portion of the     
general life1 however1 is in the nervous
 system of the body1 and in proportion  
as the brain declines in development the
 relative amount of psychic energy in   
the body is greater4 ,thus the body of  
the alligator after decapitation is     
capable of sensation and voluntary acts1
 such as pushing away an offending body 
with its foot4 ,the character of the    
life in the body is explained by        
physiology and sarcognomy4 ,its         
universal presence is due to the        
universal diffusion of the nervous      
system1 of which the accompanying       
figure1 showing the location of the     
spinal cord and spinal nerves1 will give
 a proper conception4 ,in this figure   
the spinal cord1 with its thirty pairs  
of nerves1 eight cervical at the neck1  
twelve dorsal in the back1 five lumbar  
in the loins1 and five or six in the    

sacrum 7between the hips71 is seen      
descending from the base of the brain   
below the cerebellum 7which is rather   
too large in engraving71 and proceeding 
throughout the body until lost in fine  
ramifications which the microscope can  
scarcely trace1 but which quickly inform
 us if they are touched or disturbed4   
,illustration  ,it cannot properly be   
said that the spinal cord proceeds from 
the brain1 nor on the other hand that   
the brain proceeds from the spinal cord1
 for they originate simultaneously in a 
soft1 jelly-like condition in which the 
microscope cannot detect the latent     
structure1 not as they are in the adult1
 but as they are in the foetus in which 
they first appear1 with a structure     
similar to that of the lowest class of  
vertebrate animals1 the fishes4  ,from  
this embryonic condition1 in which there
 is very little resemblance to the adult
 brain1 its progress has been carefully 
traced by many observers1 but chiefly by
 ,tiedemann1 through all the stages of  

life before birth into the soft1        
infantile form of the human brain4 ,some
 knowledge of this embryonic growth is  
necessary to a correct understanding of 
the adult brain1 its essential plan1 its
 growth1 and the correct estimate of its
 development4  ,i have not found in our 
anatomical works what ,i consider a     
satisfactory exposition of this subject4
 ,beginning as a student with           
,spurzheim's anatomy of the brain1 which
 ought to have been the clearest and    
most complete of all1 ,i found it so    
obscure and unsatisfactory that until ,i
 had made many dissections ,i had no    
very clear understanding4 ,i have never 
found any pleasure in the writings of   
,spurzheim4 ,in more recent authors the 
anatomical details are very abundant    
indeed1 and sufficient to tax the memory
 heavily1 but without that system and   
philosophy which appeal to the          
understanding and make our conceptions  
satisfactory1 as ,i hope to make them to
 my readers1 who must have very         

incorrect conceptions of the plan of the
 brain1 if they have relied upon the    
writings of ,mr4 ,combe and his         
successors of the phrenological school1 
none of whom1 so far as ,i am aware1    
have really understood cerebral anatomy4
  ,let us approach the subject by taking
 an exterior and general view1 then by  
tracing the embryonic growth of the     
brain1 and the interior connections of  
its fibres1 until we are fully prepared 
to judge of its development as it lies  
in the skull1 and to understand the     
relation of each organ to all other     
portions4 ,then we can study its        
functions with a clear understanding of 
the relations of the organs to each     
other1 which is the material basis of   
psychic science1 and with full          
confidence in our ability to judge and  
compare living heads and skulls of man  
and animals4  ,illustration  ,let us    
take an exterior view by removing one   
half of the skull from the right side of
 the head4 ,this enables us to see that 

the front portion of the brain rests    
above the sockets of the eyes1 coming   
down in the centre as low as the root of
 the nose1 but a little higher          
exteriorly4 ,when we touch the forehead 
just over the root of the nose1 our     
finger touches the lowest level of the  
front lobe1 the seat of the intellect2  
but when we touch the external angle of 
the brow on the same level1 we touch a  
process of bone1 and our finger is fully
 half an inch below the level of the    
brain4  ,in the posterior view we see   
that below the great mass of brain which
 is called the cerebrum there lies a    
smaller body1 shaped much like a small  
turnip1 called the cerebellum or little 
brain1 separated from the cerebrum by a 
firm1 horizontal membrane called the    
tentorium 7covering the cerebellum71 on 
which the cerebrum rests4  ,illustration
  ,the position of the tentorium can    
easily be ascertained in your own head  
by the fact that where it crosses the   
median line there is a little projection

 of bone called the occipital knob1 very
 prominent on some persons1 barely      
perceptible on others4 ,after locating  
the occipital knob1 a horizontal line   
forward will give us the portion of the 
tentorium4 ,when we carry this line     
forward just over the cavity of the ear1
 thus locating the tentorium1 we easily 
recognize below it the rounded          
prominence on each side in which the two
 hemispheres or halves of the cerebellum
 lie1 with a depression between them on 
the median line4 ,to make these and     
other observations on the head 7which no
 one should neglect71 the hand should be
 placed firmly on the scalp1 so that as 
it slides on the bone we feel the form  
of the skull beneath4 ,in most persons a
 distinct depression will be felt along 
the line of the tentorium1 separating   
the cerebrum and cerebellum--the        
cerebellum being located at the summit  
of the neck1 and extending down about as
 low as the end of the mastoid process1 
which is the large1 long prominence just

 behind the cavity of the ear4  ,the    
cerebellum may be regarded as the       
physiological and the cerebrum as the   
psychic brain1 for the cerebellum is    
void of intelligence and volition1 but  
has important influences on the body4   
,it may be considered1 like the spinal  
cord1 an intermediate structure between 
the controlling and conscious brain and 
the corporeal organs4  ,the tentorium   
does not entirely separate it from the  
cerebrum1 for anteriorly it is open to  
permit the passage of the fibres which  
connect the cerebrum with the spinal    
cord and the cerebellum1--fibres which  
pass up midway between the right and    
left ear1 so that a bullet fired        
horizontally through from ear to ear    
would sever the connection of the       
cerebrum with the bodily organs1        
producing instant death4 ,this will be  
understood by looking at the profile of 
the interior of the right hemisphere1 on
 which we see the position of the pons  
and the medulla and their relation to   

the cerebrum by their ascending fibres4 
,as these ascending fibres correspond to
 a position just above the cavity of the
 ear1 and as they are the channels of   
all muscular impulses1 the reader will  
perceive that breadth of head           
immediately above the cavity of the ear 
must be associated with muscular        
impulsiveness4  ,the position of the    
cerebrum in the cranium may be best     
understood by sawing the head in two    
horizontally1 taking out the brain1 and 
looking down into the base of the skull1
 in which we see anteriorly a shelf for 
the front lobes1 behind which are the   
cavities for the middle lobes1 and      
behind that the rounded cavities for the
 cerebellum4  ,illustration  ,thus the  
front lobe occupies the highest plane1  
resting on the vault of the sockets of  
the eyes1 and extending back as far as  
the sockets4 ,the middle lobe lies      
behind the sockets of the eyes and above
 the cavities of the ears1 its base     
being as low as the bottom of the       

sockets of the eyes and corresponding   
nearly with the upper edge of the       
cheekbone1 as it extends from the       
sockets to the side of the head just in 
front of the ears4 ,in the posterior    
base of the skull1 the reader will      
observe an opening 7foramen magnum or   
large foramen7 through which the spinal 
cord ascends4 ,the spinal cord is       
exposed in the neck below the foramen4  
,going back1 we find the middle lobe    
rises higher1 ascending over the cavity 
of the ear and resting upon the ridge of
 bone in which the apparatus of hearing 
is situated1 thus reaching the level of 
the tentorium1 on which the occipital   
lobe rests4  ,the bones of the cranium  
seen by looking down into the basis of  
the skull1 as above1 are the frontal    
bone over the eyes1 the sphenoid bone1  
behind the sockets of the eyes1         
extending from the right to the left    
temple1 the temporal bones1 forming the 
ridge that holds the apparatus of       
hearing1 and extending up about two     

inches on the side head1 and the        
occipital bone at the back1 between the 
two temporals1 meeting the sphenoid bone
 in the centre of the base4 ,the        
cerebellum rests in the deep double     
concavities of the occipital bone1 and  
the spinal cord ascends through the     
large opening 7foramen magnum7 in the   
middle of its base1 assuming the form   
called the medulla oblongata4           
,illustration  ,when we fully understand
 this view of the base of the skull1 let
 us look at it in profile1 and observe  
the frontal bone connected by the       
coronal suture to the parietal and the  
parietal by the squamous or scaly suture
 to the temporal1 and by the lambdoid   
suture to the occipital4 ,the sphenoid  
or bat-wing bone appears in the temples 
by its wing1 between the frontal and    
temporal1 while in the centre of the    
base its solid body is between the      
frontal and occipital4  ,the sphenoid   
bone is in contact with organs of       
sensitive delicacy1 refinement1 and     

inspiration1 the occipital with organs  
of vital force1 the temporal with organs
 of appetite1 excitement1 and force1 the
 frontal with organs of intellect and   
refined benevolence1 the parietal with  
the organs of virtue1 amiability1 self  
control1 and general strength of        
character1 which make a superior person4
  ,modern anatomists do not divide the  
brain into front1 middle1 and occipital 
lobes as would seem most natural1 by    
erecting vertical lines from their      
bases1 but follow up the oblique courses
 of the convolutions so as to extend the
 front lobe into the upper surface of   
the brain1 and extend the middle lobe   
from the middle of the upper surface    
backward into the region of ,self       
,confidence1 giving the name of         
temporo-sphenoidal to its lower portion 
behind the sockets of the eyes and over 
the ears1 which name is taken from the  
temporal bone1 that contains the        
apparatus of hearing1 forming the middle
 of the basis of the skull1 and the     

sphenoid bone1 which lies just back of  
the sockets of the eyes1 supporting the 
front end of the lower portion of the   
middle lobe1 called temporo-sphenoidal4 
,illustration  ,the sphenoid bone thus  
sustains the region of ,sensibility1    
while the temporal bone lodges the      
organs of the most sensual1 selfish1 and
 violent impulses1 the action of which  
is downward into the muscular and       
visceral organs of the body4 ,the       
sphenoid bone as it extends up touches  
the base of the front lobe and of the   
,ideal region1 where it assumes the name
 of ,somnolence4 7,see the profile view 
of the cranium47  ,the upper portion of 
the middle lobe has been given the name 
of parietal1 as it has a general        
correspondence with the parietal bones1 
while the occipital lobe has a general  
correspondence in position with the     
occipital bone1 as will be seen by      
comparing the plan of the brain seen in 
profile with the engraving of the       
cranium4  ,the plan of the brain is     

given1 instead of an engraving of the   
actual convoluted surface1 to simplify  
the study to the learner4 ,an           
examination of the brain itself or of a 
good model offers at first sight such a 
vague and irregular mass of             
convolutions1 differing so much in      
different brains1 that any systematic   
arrangement would seem impossible4 ,but 
by studying the subject more extensively
 and considering the structure of the   
simpler brains of animals1 in which the 
complexity of the human brain is reduced
 to simpler forms1 a mode of grouping   
and classifying the convolutions has    
been adopted by anatomists which is     
illustrated by the engraving1 in which  
we see1 not the numerous convolutions of
 a well developed human brain1 but the  
groups in which they have been arranged 
by the aid of comparative anatomy4  ,the
 front lobe is grouped into the         
superior1 middle1 and inferior          
convolutions1 or groups of convolutions1
 and the ascending frontal2 but the     

inspection of a brain would show an     
irregularity of forms in which a casual 
observer would be puzzled to trace this 
arrangement4  ,the appearance of the    
brain1 divested of its membranes1 when  
we look upon its superior surface1 is   
shown in the annexed engraving1 in which
 it is presented as it lies in the head 
when the cranium and membranes are      
removed which form the rim of the       
figure4 ,the front lobe is the upper    
portion1 and the outline of the nose is 
just visible4 ,in the full exposition of
 this subject hereafter in a larger     
work1 ,i propose to show the exact seats
 of the various functions in the        
convolutions1 which are much more       
irregular than the angular figures we   
make on the surface of the head to show 
the average positions of organs4 ,of    
course no intelligent person supposes   
the psychological maps and busts of the 
organs to be representations of the     
brain1 or anything more than            
approximations to the true interior     

organology1 which1 however1 do not lead 
to any great error1 as adjacent portions
 of convolutions have very analogous    
functions4  ,illustration  ,when we     
place the brain on its upper surface and
 inspect the bottom1 we observe at the  
back the cerebellum1 which dips into the
 neck1 the middle lobe1 which is over   
the ears and the side face1 and the     
front lobe1 which rests over the eyes4  
,we observe posteriorly the medulla     
oblongata1 on the face of which we may  
observe the crossing of the fibres1 and 
on the side of which we observe the     
origins of many nerves4 ,above the      
medulla we observe the pons ,varolii1   
just above which we observe the fibres  
ascending to each hemisphere under the  
name of crus cerebri1 or thigh of the   
cerebrum4 ,next we see the optic nerves 
crossing on the median line1 the        
olfactory nerve1 running under the front
 lobe1 which is separated by the fissure
 of ,sylvius from the middle lobe4      
,there is also a glimpse of the corpus  

callosum at its anterior end1 obtained  
by pulling the front lobes apart at the 
median line4  ,illustration  ,let us    
next cut through the head exactly on the
 median line1 dividing the right and    
left hemispheres1 and look at the inner 
face of the right hemisphere4 ,we       
observe that it has convolutions1 just  
like the exterior surface1 which do not 
join across the median line1 but are    
separated from those of the left        
hemisphere by a firm membrane 7an       
extension of the dura mater or principal
 investing membrane7 called the falx1   
which is removed1 leaving the           
convolutions in view4  ,the reader will 
observe that it is only in the lower    
portion of the engraving that he sees   
any surfaces produced by cutting to     
separate the right and left halves of   
the brain4 ,it is by these structures   
which are here divided that the right   
and left halves are connected1 so that  
the whole brain is adapted to acting in 
a unitary manner4  ,the first section we

 encounter as we pass down is that of   
the corpus callosum1 a body of white    
fibre firmer than the external surface  
of the brain1 and therefore called the  
corpus callosum or callous body1 which  
consists of white nerve fibres gathered 
in from nearly all parts of the brain on
 each side and crossing the median line4
 ,we may regard it as a mass of         
representative fibres rooted in the soft
 substance of the convolutions or gray  
matter of the brain generally1 and thus 
connecting across the median line the   
corresponding parts of the right and    
left brain4  ,illustration  ,it must be 
borne in mind that the brain like the   
body is double1 and that every organ is 
fully developed in each brain1 so that  
no amount of injury or paralysis of     
organs would deprive us of any faculty1 
unless corresponding parts were         
destroyed in each hemisphere4  ,the left
 brain governs the right half of the    
body1 and the right brain governs the   
left half1 the connecting fibres having 

their crossing 7called decussation7 in  
the spinal cord4 ,hence the left brain  
is usually more fully developed in the  
occipital and basilar regions than the  
right1 in right handed people1 as may   
frequently be detected by a careful     
examination of the head1 or an          
inspection of the interior the skull4   
,the left brain1 also1 seems to have a  
general ascendency over the right2 so   
that paralysis of speech is most        
generally produced by disease in the    
region of language on the left side4    
,whatever occurs on one side of the body
 is in relation to the opposite side of 
the head4 ,paralysis1 if not dependent  
on the spinal cord1 is dependent on the 
basilar region of the opposite side of  
they brain2 and conditions of the right 
eye affect the lower margin of the left 
front lobe1 in which the perceptive     
organs are situated4  ,if we thrust our 
fingers into the brain immediately under
 the corpus callosum1 pushing away the  
delicate little structure called the    

septum lucidum 7or translucent septum71 
and pressing down fornix 7which is a    
thin1 horizontal nerve membrane7 we find
 that our fingers enter a cavity by     
pressing its walls apart1 of which the  
corpus callosum is the vault or roof1--a
 cavity which may be explored back and  
forth1 far into the interior of the     
occipital lobe within an inch of the    
surface1 and far into the front lobe1   
near the surface of the frontal         
convolutions1 as well as downwards and  
forwards into the bottom of the middle  
lobe 7the part called                   
temporo-sphenoidal74 ,these extensions  
of this great cavity or ventricle are   
called the anterior and posterior horns 
7cornua7 and the descending horn        
7cornu74  ,their importance arises from 
the fact that in these ventricles of the
 right and left sides of the brain a    
watery fluid1 effused from the blood1   
called serum1 exists1 which also extends
 downward along the spinal cord1 and    
which has to do with the pressure and   

equilibrium of the various parts4 ,when 
there is a strong pressure of blood to  
the brain on account of its unusual     
activity1 especially in the activity of 
the emotions1 the serum of the          
ventricles and also in the substance of 
the brain is absorbed1 and the brain    
acquires a more compact texture1 which  
is found in all persons of strong       
mentality1 the brain being hardened by  
exercise1 as well as the muscles4 ,but  
when the action of the brain is feeble1 
and the blood in an impoverished        
condition1 there is a greater tendency  
to the exudation of fluid2 the substance
 of the brain is thereby softened1 and  
serum1 to the extent of one or more     
ounces1 is frequently found in the      
ventricles1 especially when the brain is
 much impaired by disease of its        
substance4 ,in some cases of            
hydrocephalus pints of serum are        
effused1 distending the brain and head  
enormously1 and in many cases of        
insanity the ventricles and membranes of

 the brain are distended with serum4    
,pritchard on ,insanity speaks of this  
distention of the ventricles1 which were
 very full of serum in twenty-nine out  
of a hundred cases1 and in twenty-three 
ready to burst1 and in ten among        
twenty-four melancholies astonishingly  
distended4 ,dr4 ,spurzheim dissected a  
case of hydrocephalus1 child of eighteen
 months1 with two and a half pounds of  
water in the membranes of the brain2 and
 ,james ,cardinal1 who died at the age  
of thirty years in ,london1 had a pint  
of water in the lateral ventricles1 and 
about nine pints between the brain and  
its membranes4     ,,business           
,,department4  ,hand pointing right ,the
 first two numbers of the ,,journal were
 unavoidably delayed4 ,the ,may number  
will appear in advance of the month4    
,the ,,business ,,department of the     
,journal deserves the attention of all  
its readers1 as it will be devoted to   
matters of general interest and real    
value4 ,the treatment of the opium habit

 by ,dr4 ,hoffman is original and       
successful4 ,dr4 ,hoffman is one of the 
most gifted members of the medical      
profession4 ,the electric apparatus of  
,d4 ,h4 ,fitch is that which ,i have    
found the most useful and satisfactory  
in my own practice4 ,mr4 ,fitch has     
recently perfected certain improvements 
in the ,galvanic ,battery1 which enables
 him to furnish the best and cheapest   
which has ever been offered by any      
manufacturer4 ,the ,american ,spectator1
 edited by ,dr4 ,b4 ,o4 ,flower1 is     
conducted with ability and good taste1  
making an interesting family paper1     
containing valuable hygienic and medical
 instruction1 at a remarkably low price4
 ,it is destined to have a very         
extensive circulation4 ,i have written  
several essays in commendation of the   
treatment of disease by oxygen gas1 and 
its three compounds1 nitrous oxide1     
per-oxide and ozone4 ,what is needed for
 its general introduction is a          
convenient portable apparatus4 ,this is 

now furnished by ,dr4 ,b4 ,m4 ,lawrence1
 at ,hartford1 ,connecticut4 ,a line    
addressed to him will procure the       
necessary information in his pamphlet on
 that subject4 ,he can be consulted free
 of charge4   ,dr4 ,w4 ,f4 ,richardson  
of #hge ,washington ,street is one of   
the most successful practitioners we    
have1 as any one will realize who       
employs him4 ,without specifying his    
numerous cases ,i would merely mention  
that he has recently cured in a single  
treatment an obstinate case of chronic  
disease which had baffled the best      
physicians of ,boston and ,lowell4      
,dr4 ,k4 ,,meyenberg1 who is the ,boston
 agent for ,oxygen ,treatment1 is a most
 honorable1 modest1 and unselfish       
gentleman1 whose superior natural powers
 as a magnetic healer have been         
demonstrated during eighteen years'     
practice in ,washington ,city4 ,some of 
his cures have been truly marvelous4 ,he
 has recently located in ,boston as a   
magnetic physician4         99       99 

99       99       99   ,college of      
,therapeutics4   ,the large amount of   
scientific and therapeutic knowledge    
developed by recent discoveries1 but not
 yet admitted into the slow-moving      
medical colleges1 renders it important  
to all young men of liberal minds--to   
all who aim at the highest rank in their
 profession--to all who are strictly    
conscientious and faithful in the       
discharge of their duties to patients   
under their care1 to have an institution
 in which their education can be        
completed by a preliminary or a         
post-graduate course of instruction4    
,the amount of practically useful       
knowledge of the healing art which is   
absolutely excluded from the curriculum 
of old style medical colleges is greater
 than all they teach--not greater than  
the adjunct sciences and learning of a  
medical course which burden the mind to 
the exclusion of much useful therapeutic
 knowledge1 but greater than all the    
curative resources embodied in their    

instruction4  ,the most important of    
these therapeutic resources which have  
sometimes been partially applied by     
untrained persons are now presented in  
the ,college of ,therapeutics1 in which 
is taught not the knowledge which is now
 represented by the degree of ,m4 ,d41  
but a more profound knowledge which     
gives its pupils immense advantages over
 the common graduate in medicine4       
,therapeutic ,sarcognomy1 a science     
often demonstrated and endorsed by able 
physicians1 gives the anatomy not of the
 physical structure1 but of the vital   
forces of the body and soul as located  
in every portion of the constitution--a 
science vastly more important than      
physical anatomy1 as the anatomy of life
 is more important than the anatomy of  
death4 ,sarcognomy is the true basis of 
medical practice1 while anatomy is the  
basis only of operative surgery and     
obstetrics4  ,indeed1 every magnetic or 
electric practitioner ought to attend   
such a course of instruction to become  

entirely skilful in the correct         
treatment of disease4  ,in addition to  
the above instruction1 special attention
 will be given to the science and art of
 ,psychometry--the most important       
addition in modern times to the practice
 of medicine1 as it gives the physician 
the most perfect diagnosis of disease   
that is attainable1 and the power of    
extending his practice successfully to  
patients at any distance4 ,the methods  
of treatment used by spiritual mediums  
and mind cure practitioners will also be
 philosophically explained4  ,the course
 of instruction will begin on ,monday1  
the #b;d of ,may1 and continue six      
weeks4 ,the fee for attendance on the   
course will be #be4 ,to students who    
have attended heretofore the fee will be
 #ae4 ,for further information address  
the president1          ,,joseph ,,rodes
 ,,buchanan1 ,m4 ,d4                 #f 
,,james ,,st41 ,,boston4  ,the          
sentiments of those who have attended   
these courses of instruction during the 

last eight years were concisely         
expressed in the following statement1   
which was unanimously signed and        
presented to ,dr4 ,buchanan by those    
attending his last course in ,boston4   
,the undersigned1 attendant upon the    
seventh session of the ,college of      
,therapeutics1 have been delighted with 
the profound and wonderful instructions 
received1 and as it is the duty of all  
who become acquainted with new truths of
 great importance to the world1 to      
assist in their diffusion1 we offer our 
free and grateful testimony in the      
following resolutions3  ,resolved1 ,that
 the lectures and experiments of ,prof4 
,buchanan have not only clearly taught1 
but absolutely demonstrated1 the science
 of ,sarcognomy1 by experiments in which
 we were personally engaged1 and in     
which we cannot possibly have been      
mistaken4  ,resolved1 ,that we regard   
,sarcognomy as the most important       
addition ever made to physiological     
science by any individual1 and as the   

basis of the only possible scientific   
system of ,electro-,therapeutics1 the   
system which we have seen demonstrated  
in all its details by ,prof4 ,buchanan1 
producing results which we could not    
have believed without witnessing the    
demonstration4  ,resolved1 ,that        
,therapeutic ,sarcognomy is a system of 
science of the highest importance1 alike
 to the magnetic healer1 to the         
electro-therapeutist1 and to the medical
 practitioner1--giving great advantages 
to those who thoroughly understand it1  
and destined to carry the fame of its   
discoverer to the remotest future ages4 
99       99       99       99       99  
,the ,chlorine ,galvanic and ,faradic   
,batteries4                             
,,apparatus ,,and ,,materials4          
,description1 ,prices1 and ,testimonials
 ,mailed ,free1 on ,application4        
,,aurora1 ,,ill41 ,dec4 #bd1 #ahhf4  ,d4
 ,h4 ,,fitch1 ,cazenovia1 ,n4 ,y43  ,i  
am very glad to inform you that the     
battery which ,i purchased from you     

seven months ago is better than you     
represented it1 and works as well to-day
 as it did on the first day4  ,the cells
 have not been looked at since they were
 first placed in the cabinet4 ,the      
battery is always ready and has never   
disappointed me4                        
,resp'y yours1                          
,h4 ,g4 ,,gabel1 ,m4 ,d4                
,,tyler1 ,,tex41 ,feb4 #aa1 #ahhf4  ,d4 
,h4 ,,fitch1 ,,esq41 ,cazenovia1 ,n4    
,y43  ,i am so well pleased with your   
,chlorine ,faradic ,machine that ,i now 
use it in preference to any other4 ,the 
current is so smooth and regular that   
patients like it and seem to derive more
 benefit from it than from the same     
strength of current from any other      
battery that ,i have used4 ,i would not 
be without it for many times its cost4  
,s4 ,f4 ,,starley1 ,m4 ,d4              
,d4 ,h4 ,,fitch1                  ,p4,o4
 ,box #ge4         ,cazenovia1 ,n4 ,y4  
99       99       99       99       99  
,,the ,,spiritual ,,offering1           

,,large ,,eight-,,page1 ,,weekly        
,,journal1 ,,devoted ,,to ,,the         
,,advocacy ,,of  ,,spiritualism ,,in    
,,its ,,religious1 ,,scientific1 ,,and  
,,humanitarian ,,aspects4               
,,col4 ,d4 ,m4 ,,fox1 ,publisher4       
,d4 ,m4  ,,nettie ,p4 ,,fox 4444        
,,editors4                              
,,editorial ,,contributors4  ,prof4     
,henry ,kiddle1 ,no4 #g ,east #acjth    
,st41 ,new ,york ,city4  ,ouina1 through
 her medium1 ,mrs4 ,cora ,l4 ,v4        
,richmond1 #fd ,union ,park ,place1     
,chicago1 ,ill4  ,among its contributors
 will be found our oldest and ablest    
writers4 ,in it will be found ,lectures1
 ,essays upon ,scientific1              
,philosophical1 and ,spiritual subjects1
 ,spirit ,communications and ,messages4 
,a ,young ,folks' ,department has       
recently been added1 edited by ,ouina1  
through her medium1 ,mrs4 ,cora ,l4 ,v4 
,richmond2 also a ,department1 ,,the    
,,offering',s ,school for ,young and    
,old1 ,a4 ,danforth1 of ,boston1 ,mass41

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,ottumwa1 or ,draft on a ,bank or       
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newsdealers #c cents1 payable in        
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very desirable paper for advertisers4   

,address1                    ,,spiritual
 ,,offering1 ,ottumwa1 ,iowa         99 
99       99       99       99           
,religio-,philosophical ,journal4       
,,established #ahfe4                    
,,published ,,weekly ,,at               
#ib ,la ,salle ,street1 ,chicago1       
,,by ,,john ,c4 ,,bundy1  ,,terms ,,of  
,,subscription ,,in ,,advance3  ,one    
copy1 one year   #b4ej  ,single copies1 
#e cents4 ,specimen copy free4  ,all    
letters and communications should be    
addressed1 and all remittances made     
payable to                       ,,john 
,c4 ,,bundy1 ,chicago1 ,ill4  ,a ,paper 
for all who ,sincerely and              
,intelligently ,seek ,truth without     
regard to ,sect or ,party4  ,press1     
,pulpit1 and ,people ,proclaim its      
,merits4  ,concurrent ,commendations    
from ,widely ,opposite ,sources4  ,is   
the ablest ,spiritualist paper in       
,america4444 ,mr4 ,bundy has earned the 
respect of all lovers of the truth1 by  
his sincerity and courage4--,boston     

,evening ,transcript4  ,i have a most   
thorough respect for the ,,journal1 and 
believe its editor and proprietor is    
disposed to treat the whole subject of  
spiritualism fairly4--,rev4 ,m4 ,j4     
,savage 7,unitarian7 ,boston4  ,i wish  
you the fullest success in your         
courageous course4--,r4 ,heber ,newton1 
,d4 ,d4  ,your course has made          
spiritualism respected by the secular   
press as it never has been before1 and  
compelled an honorable                  
recognition4--,hudson ,tuttle1 ,author  
and ,lecturer4  ,i read your paper every
 week with great interest4--,h4 ,w4     
,thomas1 ,d4 ,d41 ,chicago4  ,i         
congratulate you on the management of   
the paper4444 ,i indorse your position  
as to the investigation of the          
phenomena4--,samuel ,watson1 ,d4 ,d41   
,memphis1 ,tenn4         99       99    
99       99       99                    
,w4 ,f4 ,,richardson1                   
,,magnetic ,,physician1                 
#hge ,washington ,street1 ,boston4      

,having had several years' practice1 in 
which his powers as a healer have been  
tested1 and been surprising to himself  
and friends1 and having been thoroughly 
instructed in the science of            
,sarcognomy1 offers his services to the 
public with entire confidence that he   
will be able to relieve or cure all who 
apply4  ,for his professional success he
 refers to ,prof4 ,buchanan1 and to     
numerous citizens whose testimonials he 
can show4         99       99       99  
99       99                             
,,light ,,for ,,thinkers4               
,,the ,,pioneer ,,spiritual ,,journal   
,,of ,,the ,,south4                     
,issued ,weekly at ,chattanooga1 ,tenn4 
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,g4 ,w4 ,,kates          ,editor4       
,assisted by a large corps of able      
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