,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,?is text is int5d$ = us]s ^: text read]s _c use ! real 7unicode_/utf-#h7 v]sion ( ! file4 ,*>act]s 9 ! ,notes & ,vocabul>y t c\ld n be fully display$ h be5 unpack$ & %[n 9 brackets3 -a -e -i -o -u v[els ) macron or long m>k 7a 7e 7i 7o 7u 7y v[els ) breve or %ort m>k 77y & long v[els are r>e7 7-a 7-e 7-i 7-u v[el ) comb9$ breve & macron 7r>e7 ! oe ligature1 us$ only 9 ,engli% text1 is %[n simply z oe 7unm>k$7 ,greek words h be5 translit]at$ & %[n betwe5 m>ks4 ,! orig9al text us$ numb]$ l9es = ref]5ce 9 ! ,notes4 ,^! h be5 replac$ ) l9e numb]s 9 braces plac$ betwe5 s5t5ces1 g5]ally at mid-l9e4 ,! l9es 9 y\r text read] are probably long] ?an ! l9es 9 ! orig9al book1 s numb]s su* z #e & #aj w be less ?an five physical l9es ap>t4 ,selections are %ort1 & ea* ,note />ts ) ! ^w or phrase ref]5c$4 ,except z not$ above1 brackets 9 ! ,notes & ,vocabul>y are 9 ! orig9al4 ,typographical errors are li/$ at ! end ( ! text4 ,elem5t>y ,classics4 ,,/ories ,,f ,,aulus ,,gellius1 ,be+ ,selections ,& ,adaptations ,f ,! ,,noctes ,,atticae1 ,edit$ ,) ,notes ,ex]cises ,& ,vocabul>ies ,= ,! ,use ,( ,l[] ,=ms ,by ,! ,,rev4 ,g4 ,h4 ,,nall1 ,m4,a41 ,assi/ant ,ma/] ,at ,we/m9/] ,s*ool4 ,london3 ,,macmillan ,,& ,,co41 ,,& ,,new ,,york4 #ahhh4 ,,preface4 ,x is hop$ t ?is s]ies ( %ort /ories f ,a4 ,gellius may s]ve z a pleasant *ange to "y boys aft] a c\rse ( ,cornelius ,nepos1 ,eutropius1 etc4 ,! language ( ! orig9al has be5 simplifi$ 9 p>ts1 & "s r>e or late words & con/ructions cut out4 ,! ,notes h be5 made1 ) few exceptions1 z %ort z possible2 a few m l5g?y digressions1 su* z ^? ^u ! ablative absolute & ! g]undial con/ructions1 w ne$ no apology1 if !y succe$ 9 lead+ boys to ?9k out = !mselves ! difficulties :i* ^! con/ructions pres5t4 ,"s simple ,ex]cises h be5 add$ at ! reque/ ( ! ,publi%]s1 & = ^! an ,engli%-,lat9 ,vocabul>y has be5 compil$4 ,9 ?is ,vocabul>y ! words are arrang$ 9 alphabetical ord]1 s9ce ! ,ex]cises are int5d$ pr9cipally = viva voce drill 9 =m1 & ! ,editor's exp]i5ce does n confirm ! !ory ( "s ,editors1 t a boy's k ( a language is increas$ 9 proportion to ! "t t he sp5ds 9 hunt+ = words t he does n "k2 he consid]s t ! p>agraph vocabul>y makes ! lazy boy take refuge 9 guess+1 :il/ x wa/es ! "t ( ! indu/ri\s boy4 ,! ,editor ackn[l$ges 8 obligations to ! ,lat9 ,gramm>s ( ,dr4 ,k5n$y & ,mr4 ,roby1 & to ,dr4 ,smi?'s ,diction>ies ( ,biography & ,antiquities1 & to simil> works :i* lie at e s*oolma/]'s elb[4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,preface1 v ,life ( ,aulus ,gellius1 ix ,text ( ! ,/ories f ,aulus ,gellius1 #a ,notes on ! ,text1 #cc ,ex]cises1 #ge ,lat9-,engli% ,vocabul>y1 #ih ,engli%-,lat9 ,vocabul>y1 #acg ,table %[+ ! ord] ( ! ,/ories comp>$ ) ! ,books ( ! ,noctes ,atticae1 #adg ,index to ,notes1 #adh ,index to ,prop] ,names4 #aeb ,i ,,aulus ,,gellius4 ,no?+ is kn[n ab\t ! life ( ,a4 ,gellius beyond :at c be ga!r$ f occasional h9ts 9 8 own writ+s2 x has ev5 be5 disput$ :e!r 8 "n 0 ,agellius or ,a4 ,gellius4 ,probably he 0 a ,roman by bir?1 ( good family & connections4 ,he seems to h sp5t 8 e>ly ye>s at ,rome1 /udy+ "u ! celebrat$ tea*]s1 ,sulpicius ,apoll9>is1 ,t4 ,ca/ricius1 & ,antonius ,julianus 7cf4 xxxiv4 #a73 to h cont9u$ 8 /udies at ,a!ns1 :]e he liv$ on t]ms ( famili>ity ) ,h]odes ,atticus1 ,calvisius ,taurus1 ,p]egr9us ,proteus1 & o!r fam\s philosoph]s ( t day3 & aft] ! lapse ( _m ye>s to h return$ to ,rome1 & devot$ ! rema9+ ye>s ( 8 life to lit]>y pursuits & ! society ( a l>ge circle ( fri5ds4 ,! dates ( 8 bir? & dea? are unkn[n1 b f ! names ( 8 tea*]s & fri5ds x is c]ta9 t he liv$ dur+ ! reigns ( ,hadrian1 ,anton9us ,pius1 & ,m>cus ,aurelius1 #aag-ahj ,a4,d4 ,! only "w ( ,a4 ,gellius t has rea*$ u1 possibly ! only "o t he wrote1 is ! ,noctes ,atticae1 s call$ because x 0 begun dur+ ! long nights ( w9t] 9 a c\ntry h\se 9 ,attica 7long9quis p] hiem5 noctibus 9 agro t]rae ,atticae74 ,x consi/s ( num]\s extracts f ,greek & ,roman writ]s on subjects connect$ ) hi/ory1 philosophy1 philology1 & antiquities1 illu/rat$ by abundant criticisms & discussions4 ,^! extracts are ?r[n toge!r )\t any attempt at ord] or arrangem5t1 & divid$ into tw5ty books4 ,he _h be5 accu/om$ :il/ read+1 he says1 to make notes ^u any?+ :i* /ruck him z wor? rememb]+4 ,^! notes he embodi$ ) little *ange 9 8 "w1 9 ! same haphaz>d ord] 9 :i* !y _h be5 made 7usi autem sumus ord9e r]um =tuito quem antea 9 exc]p5do fec]amus74 ,naturally ! v>i\s p>ts ( su* a ',miscellany' v>y greatly 9 quality4 ,"s portions ( x are highly valuable & int]e/+4 ,= in/ance1 _m quotations are pres]v$ f anci5t au?ors ^: works h p]i%$1 "s ( :i* ?r[ light ^u que/ions ( con/itutional & antiqu>ian int]e/1 :i* w\ld o!rwise h rema9$ obscure2 _m lit]>y & hi/orical anecdotes are giv5 :i* are valuable 9 !mselves2 & "s important grammatical usages & !ories are not$4 ,b ! au?or's appetite 0 omnivor\s4 ,he is z eag] to tell ! /ory ( a m>vell\s ,african s]p5t1 #abj feet 9 l5g?1 ^: de/ruction requir$ ! utmo/ ef=ts ( a :ole ,roman army1 ) _! balli/ae & catapultae 7magna totius ex]citus conflictione1 balli/is atque catapultis diu oppugnatum4 --,n4 ,a4 vii4 #c71 or to discuss "s absurd etymology1 su* z t ( av>us f avidus a]is1 z to pres]ve "s really valuable detail ( s5atorial proc$ure1 or record ! use & orig9 ( obscure con/itutional phrases4 ,8 own criticisms1 moreov]1 are z a rule wor?less1 & 8 translations are feeble2 b 9 spite ( all ^! defects 8 "w is exce$+ly int]e/+1 & we c\ld ill af=d to lose x4 ,8 ,lat9 /yle %[s ! defects ( 8 age1 an age 9 :i* ! ,romans _h ceas$ to feel ! full mean+ ( ! words :i* !y us$1 & endeav\r$ to ga9 emphasis by employ+ obscure phrases & unnatural turns ( expression4 ,b ^! peculi>ities are ev5 m noticeable 9 ! writ+s ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,,/ories ,,f ,,aulus ,,gellius4 ,i4 ,,v]gil ,,& ,,8 ,,poems4 ,v]gil1 :o sp5t mu* lab\r 9 poli%+ 8 v]ses1 us$ to comp>e himself to a be>1 :i* licks its cubs into %ape4 ,dicebat ,p4 ,v]gilius1 ut amici eius famili>esque f]unt1 se p>]e v]sus m urs9o4 ,namque ut illa be/ia inquit1 fetum edit in=mem lamb5doque po/ea con=mat et f+it1 sic +5ii quoque mei p>tus primum rudes et inp]fecti sunt1 s$ tract&o corrig5doque r$do iis oris et vultus l9iam5ta4 #f ,,ii4 ,,m5&] ,,& ,,philemon4 ,! poet ,m5&]1 meet+ 8 successful rival ,philemon1 ask$ him if he did n feel a%am$ to defeat him4 ,m5&] a ,philemone1 nequaquam p>i scriptore1 9 c]tam9ibus como$i>um ambitu gratique saep5um]o v9cebatur4 ,ei =te obviam factus e/ ,m5&]1 et ,quaeso inquit1 ,philemo1 bon v5i dic mihi1 cum me v9cis1 nonne erubescis8 #e ,,iii4 ,,! ,,palm ,,tree4 ,! palm has be5 made ! emblem ( victory1 because its wood does n yield1 :5 heavy weights are plac$ ^u x4 ,rem h]cle mir&am ,ari/oteles et ,plut>*us dicunt4 ,si sup] palmae arboris lignum inquiunt magna pond]a imponis1 non deorsum palma c$it nec intra flectitur1 s$ adv]sus pondus resurgit et sursum recurvatur2 propt]ea 9 c]tam9ibus palma signum victoriae facta e/1 quoniam urg5tibus opprim5tibusque non c$it4 #g ,,iv4 ,,socrates ,,& ,,8 ,,wife4 ,socrates1 :5 ask$ :y he endur$ 8 qu>relsome wife1 repli$ t to be> h] temp] 0 good discipl9e4 ,xan?ippe1 ,socratis philosophi uxor1 admodum morosa et litigiosa fuisse f]tur1 irisque muliebribus p] diem p]que noctem scatebat4 ,quam rem 9 m>itum ,socrat5 ,alcibiades demiratus1 ,cur muli]em inquit tam ac]bam domo non exigis8 ,quoniam1 respondit ,socrates1 cum illam domi talem p]petior1 insuesco et ex]ceor1 ut cet]orum quoque =is petulantiam et iniuriam facilius f]am4 #h ,v4 ,,! ,,self-,,discipl9e ,,( ,,socrates4 ,socrates us$ to tra9 himself to be> fatigue by /&+ motionless = tw5ty-f\r h\rs at a "t4 ,8 heal? 0 always p]fect4 ,int] labores volunt>ios corporis firm&i caus id quoque accepimus ,socrat5 fac]e insuevisse3 /abat p] diem p]que noctem a lucis ortu ad solem alt]um ori5tem immobilis1 iisdem 9 ve/igiis1 et ore atque oculis eundem 9 locum directis1 cogitans1 tamquam quodam secessu m5tis atque animi facto a corpore4 #g ,temp]anti quoque tant fuisse traditus e/1 ut omnem f]e vitam valitud9e integr vix]it4 ,9 e etiam pe/il5ti1 quae 9 belli ,peloponn5siaci pr9cipiis ,a!ni5sium civitatem depopulata e/1 dicitur vigorem corporis ret9uisse4 #ab ,,vi4 ,,alex&] ,,& ,,bucephalas4 ,h[ ,alex&] obta9$ 8 fam\s *>g] ,bucephalas1 h[ x sav$ 8 life 9 battle1 & h[ ! ,k+ %[$ 8 gratitude4 ,equus ,alex&ri regis nom9e ,bucephalas fuit4 ,emptum ,*>es scripsit tal5tis tr$ecim et regi ,philippo donatum2 hoc autem a]is no/ri summa e/ se/]tia trec5ta duodecim4 ,de hoc equo haec memori digna accepimus4 #e ,ubi ornatus erat armatusque ad proelium1 haud umquam insc5di sese ab alio1 nisi ab rege passus e/4 ,bello ,indico cum insid5s 9 eo ,alex&] fac9ora fac]et =tia1 9 ho/ium cuneum1 non satis sibi provid5s1 inmisit4 ,coniectis undique 9 ,alex&rum telis1 vuln]ibus altis 9 c]vice atque 9 lat]e equus p]fossus e/4 #aa ,moribundus tam5 ac prope iam exanguis e m$iis ho/ibus regem citato cursu retulit atque1 ubi eum extra tela extul]at1 ilico concidit et1 dom9i iam sup]/itis securus1 animam expiravit4 ,tum rex ,alex&]1 "p eius belli victori1 oppidum 9 iisdem locis condidit idque ob equi honores ,bucephalon appellavit4 #ag ,,vii4 ,,alcibiades ,,& ,,! ,,pipes4 ,alcibiades1 :5 a boy1 refus$ to le>n to play ! pipes1 because !y di/ort$ ! play]'s m\?4 ,alcibiades ,a!ni5sis apud avunculum ,p]icl5 educatus e/1 qui artibus ac discipl9is lib]alibus pu]um doc5dum curavit4 ,int] alios magi/ros tibic9em arcessi iussit1 ut eum can]e tibiis doc]et1 quod hone/issimum tum videbatur4 ,traditas sibi tibias ,alcibiades ad os adhibuit inflavitque2 s$ ubi oris de=mitatem vidit1 abiecit infregitque4 ,cum ea res p]crebuisset1 omnium tum ,a!ni5sium cons5su discipl9a tibiis can5di desita e/4 #i ,,viii4 ,,fabricius ,,& ,,! ,,samnite ,,gold4 ,fabricius refus$ ri* pres5ts1 :i* ! ,samnites (f]$ him1 say+ t1 :ile he reta9$ comm& ov] 8 s5ses1 he _h all t he ne$$4 ,legati a ,samnitibus ad ,c4 ,fabricium1 imp]atorem populi ,romani1 v5]unt et1 memoratis multis magnisque rebus1 quae b5e po/ r$ditam pacem ,samnitibus fecisset1 dono gr&em pecuniam obtul]unt4 ,quae facimus ,samnites inquiunt1 quod multa ad spl5dorem domus atque victus defi]i videmus4 #f ,tum ,fabricius manus ab auribus ad oculos et infra de9ceps ad n>es et ad os et ad gulam d$uxit1 et legatis ita respondit3 ,dum 8 omnibus membris1 quae attigi1 imp]>e possum1 numquam quicquam mihi de]it2 quamobrem hanc pecuniam1 qu nihil mihi e/ usus1 a vobis1 qui e uti scitis1 non accipio4 #ab ,,ix4 ,,hannibal',s ,,je/4 ,antio*us1 pr\d ( 8 army1 ask$ ,hannibal if !y 7 'en\gh = ! ,romans4' ',q en\gh1' repli$ ,hannibal1 'h[ev] gre$y ! ,romans are4' ,antio*us o/5debat ,hannibali 9 campo copias +5tis1 quas bellum populo ,romano facturus comp>av]at1 conv]tebatque ex]citum insignibus arg5teis et aureis micantem2 inducebat etiam currus cum falcibus et elephantos cum turribus equitatumque fr5is1 ephippiis1 monilibus1 phal]is fulg5tem4 #f ,atque ibi rex ,hannibalem aspicit et ,putasne inquit satis esse ,romanis haec omnia8 ,tum ,po5us1 elud5s ignaviam militum eius tam pretiose armatorum1 ,satis1 plane satis esse cr$o ,romanis haec omnia1 etiamsi av>issimi sunt4 #aa ,x4 ,,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,milo4 ,milo1 :5 enfeebl$ by age1 tri$ to te> a tree op51 b ! wood clos$ on 8 h&s & he p]i%$ mis]ably4 ,milo ,crotoni5sis1 a?leta inlu/ris1 exitum habuit e vita mis]&um et mir&um4 ,cum iam natu gr&is artem a?leticam desisset it]que fac]et =te solus 9 locis ,italiae silve/ribus1 qu]cum vidit proxime viam rimis 9 p>te m$i hiantem4 #e ,tum exp]iri etiam tunc vol5s1 an ullae sibi vires adess5t1 inmissis 9 cav]nas arboris digitis1 diduc]e et resc9d]e qu]cum conatus e/4 ,ac m$iam quidem p>tem discidit divellitque2 qu]cus autem 9 duas diducta p>tis1 cum ille manus laxasset1 r$iit 9 naturam1 manibusque eius ret5tis inclusisque dilac]&um hom9em f]is praebuit4 #ab ,,xi4 ,a ,,hoax3--,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,papirius ,,praetextatus4 ,! "y ,papirius1 press$ by 8 "m to reveal ! secret proce$+s ( ! ,s5ate1 told h] t !y _h debat$ :e!r x 0 bett] = "o husb& to h two wives1 or "o wife two husb&s4 ,mos antea s5atoribus ,romae fuit1 9 curiam cum praetextatis filiis introire4 ,=te res maior quaepiam consultata et 9 diem po/]um prolata e/1 placuitque ut eam rem ne quis enunti>et1 priusquam decreta esset4 ,s$ mat] ,papirii pu]i1 qui cum patre suo 9 curi fu]at1 p]contata e/ filium1 quidnam 9 s5atu patres egiss5t4 #g ,pu] respondit tac5dum esse neque id dici lic]e4 ,muli] autem fit audi5di cupidior1 ac t&em pu] matre urg5te lepidi m5dacii consilium capit4 ,actum 9 s5atu dixit1 utrum vid]etur utilius exque republic esse1 unusne ut duas uxores hab]et1 an ut una duobus nupta esset4 #ab ,,xii4 ,,! ,,result ,,( ,,! ,,hoax4 ,! con/]nation ( ! ,roman ,matrons1 ! bewild]m5t ( ! ,s5ators1 ! confession ( ,papirius1 & ! rew>d = 8 discretion4 ,ubi illa hoc audivit1 domo trepidans egr$itur1 ad cet]as matronas se adf]t4 ,p]v5it ad s5atum po/ridie matrum familias cat]va4 ,lacrimantes atque obsecrantes orant1 ut una potius duobus nupta fi]et quam ut duae uni4 ,s5atores 9 curiam +r$i5tes mirabantur1 quae illa muli]um insania et quid sibi po/ulatio i/aec vellet4 #g ,pu] ,papirius 9 m$ium curiae progressus1 quid mat] audire in/itisset1 quid ipse matri dixisset1 d5>rat4 ,s5atus fidem atque +5ium pu]i laudat et consultum facit1 uti po/hac pu]i cum patribus 9 curiam ne introeant1 praet] illum unum ,papirium1 cui po/ea cognom5 honoris grati datum ,praetextatus4 #ac ,,xiii4 ,,s]torius4 ,! extraord9>y influ5ce t ,s]torius ex]cis$ ov] ! m9ds ( 8 soldi]s1 & ! means by :i* he ma9ta9$ ?is influ5ce4 ,s]torius1 vir ac] egregiusque dux1 et ut5di et reg5di ex]citus p]itus fuit4 ,is 9 temporibus difficillimis et m5tiebatur ad milites1 si m5dacium prodesset1 et litt]as compositas pro v]is legebat1 et somnium simulabat1 et falsas religiones conf]ebat1 si quid i/ae res eum apud militum animos adiuvabant4 #f ,haec hom9um b>b>orum cr$ulitas ,s]torio 9 magnis rebus magno usui fuit4 ,memoria prodita e/1 nem9em umquam ex 8 nationibus1 quae cum ,s]torio faciebant1 cum multis proeliis sup]atus esset1 ab eo descivisse1 quamquam id g5us hom9um esset mobilissimum4 #ab ,,xiv4 ,,s]torius ,,& ,,! ,,doe4 ,s]torius pret5d$ t div9e revelations 7 made to him ?r\gh a :ite doe4 ,?is doe once ran away1 b 0 soon f\nd aga94 ,! use :i* ,s]torius made ( ?is incid5t4 ,huic ,s]torio c]va alba eximiae pul*ritud9is et cel]itatis a ,lusitano quodam dono data e/4 ,hanc p]suasit omnibus1 oblatam sibi div9itus et in/9ctam ,dianae num9e1 conloqui secum et mon]e et doc]e1 quae utilia factu ess5t1 ac1 si quid durius videbatur1 quod imp]&um militibus =et1 a c]v sese monitum pra$icabat4 #g ,id cum dix]at1 univ]si1 tamquam si deo1 lib5tes ei p>ebant4 ,ea c]va quodam die1 cum incursio ho/ium esset nuntiata1 tumultu con/]nata 9 fugam se proripuit atque 9 palude proxim delituit1 et po/ea requisita p]iisse cr$ita e/4 ,neque multis diebus po/ inv5tam esse c]vam ,s]torio nuntiatur4 #ab ,tum eum qui nuntiav]at iussit tac]e ac1 ne cui palam dic]et1 int]m9atus e/ praecepitque1 ut eam po/]o die rep5te 9 eum locum1 9 quo ipse cum amicis esset1 inmitt]et4 #af ,admissis de9de amicis po/ridie1 c]vam ait1 quae p]iisset1 visam esse 9 quiete ad se rev]ti et1 ut prius consu]at1 quod opus esset facto pra$ic]e2 tum s]vo quod imp]av]at significat1 c]va emissa 9 cubiculum ,s]torii introrupit1 clamor factus et orta admiratio e/4 #ba ,,xv4 ,,t>qu9 ,,& ,,! ,,sibyll9e ,,books4 ,a ,sibyl (f]$ to sell ,k+ ,t>qu9 n9e books = a l>ge sum4 ,on 8 scornful refusal %e burnt ?ree1 & (f]$ ! rema9+ six = ! same sum1 b he aga9 refus$4 ,%e burnt ?ree m & (f]$ ! rema9+ ?ree = ! same sum3 ^! ! ,k+ b\ght & deposit$ 9 ! ',sacri/y4' ,9 antiquis annalibus haec memoria de libris ,sibyll9is prodita e/3 ,anus hospita atque incognita ad ,t>qu9ium ,sup]bum regem adiit1 novem libros f]5s1 quos div9a oracula esse dicebat2 eos velle v5d]e4 ,t>qu9ius pretium p]contatus e/4 ,muli] nimium atque inm5sum poposcit3 rex1 quasi anus aetate desip]et1 d]isit4 #g ,tum illa foculum coram cum igni apponit1 tris libros ex novem deurit et1 ecquid reliquos sex eodem pretio em]e vellet1 regem int]rogavit4 ,s$ enim ,t>qu9ius id multo magis risit1 dixitque anum iam procul dubio delir>e4 ,muli] ibidem /atim tris alios libros exussit atque id ipsum d5uo placide rogat1 ut tris reliquos eodem illo pretio emat4 #ad ,t>qu9ius ore iam s]io atque att5tiore animo fit1 eam con/antiam confid5tiamque non contemn5dam intellegit1 libros tris reliquos m]catur nihilo m9ore pretio1 quam quod erat petitum pro omnibus4 ,s$ ea muli] tunc a ,t>qu9io digressa po/ea nusquam loci visa e/4 ,libri tres1 9 sacr>ium conditi1 ,sibyll9i appellati2 ad eos quasi ad oraculum qu9decimviri adeunt1 cum di immortales publice consul5di sunt4 #bb ,,xvi4 ,,scipio ,,africanus ,,impea*$3 ,,8 ,,answ]4 ,scipio 0 accus$ ( hav+ receiv$ bribes f ,antio*us4 ,scorn+ to answ] su* a *>ge1 he rem9d$ ! p t ?is 0 ! anniv]s>y ( 8 great victory at ,zama1 & call$ ^u !m to foll[ him to ! ,capitol & !re return ?anks to ! gods4 ,m4 ,naevius tribunus plebis accusavit ,scipionem ad populum1 dixitque eum accepisse a rege ,antio*o pecuniam1 ut condicionibus mollibus pax cum eo populi ,romani nom9e fi]et1 et qua$am item alia indigna tali viro addidit4 ,tum ,scipio pauca praefatus1 quae dignitas vitae suae atque gloria po/ulabat1 #f ,memori inquit1 ,quirites1 repeto1 diem esse hodi]num1 quo ,hannibalem ,po5um1 imp]io ve/ro inimicissimum1 magno proelio 9 t]r ,afric vici1 pacemque et victoriam vobis pep]i praecl>am4 ,non igitur simus adv]sum deos +rati et1 c5seo1 rel9quamus nebulonem hunc1 eamus h9c prot9us ,iovi optimo maximo gratulatum4 #ac ,id cum dixisset1 av]tit et ire ad ,capitolium coepit4 ,tum contio univ]sa1 quae ad s5t5tiam de ,scipione f]5dam conv5]at1 relicto tribuno ,scipionem 9 ,capitolium comitata1 atque inde ad a$es eius cum laetiti et gratulatione sollemni prosecuta e/4 #ah ,,xvii4 ,,scipio ,,africanus3 ,,ano!r ,,impea*m5t4 ,scipio on ano!r occasion 0 accus$ ( embezzl+ ! money paid by ,antio*us z a w> indemnity3 he answ]$ ! *>ge by te>+ 8 acc\nts 9 pieces be=e ! eyes ( ! ,s5ators4 ,item aliud e/ factum eius praecl>um4 ,petilii quidam tribuni plebis a ,m41 ut aiunt1 ,catone1 inimico ,scipionis1 comp>ati 9 eum atque inmissi1 desid]abant 9 s5atu1 ut pecuniae ,antio*9ae pra$aeque 9 eo bello captae rationem r$d]et3 fu]at enim ,l4 ,scipioni ,asiatico1 fratri suo1 imp]atori 9 e prov9ci legatus4 #g ,ibi ,scipio exurgit et1 prolato e s9u togae libro1 rationes 9 eo scriptas esse dixit omnis pecuniae omnisque pra$ae2 allatum1 ut palam recit>etur et ad a]>ium def]retur4 ,s$ enim id iam non faciam inquit1 nec me ipse afficiam contumeli1 eumque librum /atim coram discidit suis manibus1 aegre passus1 quod1 cui salus imp]ii ac reipublicae accepta ref]ri deb]et1 ab eo ratio pra$ae posc]etur4 #ad ,,xviii4 ,,scipio ,,africanus ,,& ,,! ,,gods4 ,scipio believ$ t he 0 a special fav\rite ( ! gods3 be=e ent]+ on any important "w he us$ to sp5d h\rs ( quiet m$itation 9 ! temple on ! ,capitol4 ,a /ory is giv5 %[+ 8 p[] ( =esee+ ! future4 ,id etiam dic]e haut piget1 quod ii1 qui de vit et rebus ,africani scrips]unt1 litt]is m&av]unt4 ,solitus e/ noctis extremo ante primam lucem 9 ,capitolium v5tit>e ac iub]e ap]iri cellam ,iovis1 atque ibi solus diu demor>i1 quasi consultans de republic cum ,iove4 #f ,a$itumi eius templi saepe admirati1 quod 9 eum solum id temporis 9 ,capitolium +r$i5tem canes1 semp] 9 alios saevi5tes1 neque latr>5t neque incurr]5t4 ,has volgi de ,scipione op9iones confirm>e atque approb>e videbantur dicta factaque eius pl]aque admir&a4 ,ex quibus e/ unum huiuscemodi4 #ab ,assidebat oppugnabatque oppidum 9 ,hispani situm1 mo5ibus def5soribusque validum et munitum1 re etiam cib>i copiosum1 nullaque eius potiundi spes erat4 ,quodam die ius 9 ca/ris s$5s dicebat1 atque ex eo loco id oppidum procul visebatur4 #ag ,tum quispiam e militibus1 qui 9 iure apud eum /abant1 int]rogavit ex m1 9 quem diem locumque vadimonium promitti iub]et3 et ,scipio manum ad ipsam oppidi1 quod obsidebatur1 arcem prot5d5s1 p]5die sese si/]e illo 9 loco iussit4 ,atque ita factum3 die t]tio1 9 quem vad>i iuss]at1 oppidum captum e/ eodemque eo die 9 arce eius oppidi ius dixit4 #bd ,,xix4 ,,duty ,,& ,,fri5d%ip4 ,h[ a man1 :5 try+ a fri5d :o 0 guilty1 succe$$ 9 reconcil+ ! claims ( duty & ( fri5d%ip1 by himself vot+ = condemnation1 b p]suad+ 8 fell[ iudices to vote = acquittal4 ,sup] amici capite iudex cum duobus aliis fui4 ,ita lex fuit1 uti eum hom9em condemn>i necesse esset4 ,aut amico igitur caput p]d5dum aut adhib5da fraus legi fuit4 ,multa cum animo meo ad casum tam ancipitem m$5dum consultavi2 t&em hoc1 quod feci1 visum e/ optimum4 ,ipse tacitus ad condemn&um s5t5tiam tuli1 iis qui simul iudicabant1 ut absolv]5t1 p]suasi4 ,sic mihi et iudicis et amici (ficium 9 re tant salvum fuit4 #i ,,xx4 ,,avoid ,,obsolete ,,language4 ,favor9us rebuk$ a "y man1 :o affect$ ! use ( ar*aic language1 by tell+ him to hold 8 tongue altoge!r if he did n wi% to be und]/ood3 if he admir$ ! purity ( ! good old times he %\ld imitate _! ways1 n _! words4 ,favor9us philosophus adulesc5ti1 vet]um v]borum cupidissimo et pl]asque voces nimis priscas et ignotas 9 cotidianis s]monibus exprom5ti1 ,curius inquit et ,fabricius et ,coruncanius1 antiquissimi viri1 et 8 antiquiores ,horatii illi trigem9i plane ac dilucide cum suis locuti sunt1 neque ,auruncorum aut ,sicanorum aut ,pelasgorum1 qui primi coluisse ,italiam dicuntur1 s$ aetatis suae v]bis usi sunt2 #h tu autem1 pro9de quasi cum matre ,eu&ri nunc loqu>e1 s]mone abh9c multis annis iam desito ut]is1 quod nem9em vis scire atque intelleg]e quae dicas4 ,nonne1 homo inepte1 ut quod vis abunde consequ>is1 taces8 #ab ,s$ antiquitatem tibi plac]e ais1 quod hone/a et bona et sobria et mode/a sit4 ,vive ergo moribus praet]itis1 loqu]e v]bis praes5tibus3 atque id1 quod a ,c4 ,caes>e scriptum e/1 habe semp] 9 memori atque 9 pectore1 ut tamquam scopulum sic fugias insol5s v]bum4 #ah ,,xxi4 ,,torquatus ,,& ,,! ,,gaul3--,,! ,,*all5ge4 ,9 "o ( ! /ruggles betwe5 ! ,romans & ! ,gauls 9 #cfa ,b4,c4 a gigantic ,gaul *all5g$ ! ,romans to s5d out a *ampion to meet him3 all held back except ! "y ,t4 ,manlius4 ,titus ,manlius summo loco natus fuit4 ,ei cognom5 factum e/ ,torquatus4 ,causa cognom5ti fuisse dicitur torquis1 quam ex ho/e1 quem occid]at1 detractam induit4 ,quis ho/is fu]it et qualis pugna ita accepimus4 #e ,galli contra ,romanos pugnabant1 cum int]im ,gallus quidam nudus praet] scutum et gladios duos1 torque atque armillis decoratus1 qui et viribus et magnitud9e et adulesc5ti et virtute cet]os prae/abat1 processit et manu signific>e coepit utrisque1 ut quiesc]5t4 ,extemplo sil5tio facto voce maxim conclamat1 si quis secum depugn>e vellet1 uti prodiret4 #ab ,nemo audebat propt] magnitud9em atque inmanem faciem4 ,de9de ,gallus inrid]e coepit atque l+uam ex]t>e4 ,doluit ,titus ,manlius1 tantum flagitium civitati adcid]e1 e tanto ex]citu nem9em prodire4 ,processit ipse scuto p$e/ri et gladio ,hispanico c9ctus et contra ,gallum con/itit4 #ah ,,xxii4 ,,torquatus ,,& ,,! ,,gaul3--,,! ,,battle4 ,9 ! /ruggle :i* foll[$ ,manlius disconc]t$ ! ,gaul by sudd5ly ) 8 %ield da%+ him back f 8 po/ure ( def5ce2 he !n came to close qu>t]s ) ! ,gaul1 & slew him4 ,he put on 8 own neck ! necklace :i* ! ,gaul _h worn2 h5ce he 0 nam$ ,torquatus4 ,?is same ,manlius execut$ 8 son = disobey+ ord]s & slay+ an enemy :o _h *all5g$ him4 ,metu magno ea congressio 9 ipso ponte1 utroque ex]citu inspectante1 facta e/4 ,con/itit ,gallus su discipl9 scuto proiecto cunctabundus2 ,manlius1 animo magis quam arte confisus1 scuto scutum p]cussit atque /atum ,galli conturbavit4 #e ,dum se ,gallus it]um eodem pacto con/itu]e /udet1 ,manlius it]um scuto scutum p]cutit atque de loco hom9em it]um deiecit2 eo pacto ei sub ,gallicum gladium successit atque ,hispanico pectus hausit2 de9de cont9uo um]um dextrum incidit neque recessit usquam1 donec subv]tit4 ,ubi eum ev]tit1 caput praecidit1 torquem detraxit eamque sangu9ul5tam sibi 9 collum inponit4 ,quo ex facto ipse po/]ique eius ,torquati sunt cognom9ati4 #ac ,ab hoc ,tito ,manlio imp]ia et asp]a et immitia ,manlia dicta sunt1 quoniam po/ea1 cum bello adv]sum ,lat9os esset consul1 filium suum securi p]cussit1 qui speculatum ab eo missus1 pugn int]dict1 ho/em1 a quo provocatus fu]at1 occid]at4 #ah ,,xxiii4 ,,val]ius ,,corv9us3--,,! ,,orig9 ,,( ,,8 ,,"n4 ,on ano!r occasion ! "y ,val]ius accept$ ! *all5ge ( a gigantic ,gaul4 ,dur+ ! fight a rav5 aid$ ! ,roman by attack+ 8 enemy ) its talons2 ?us help$ ,val]ius slew ! ,gaul1 & receiv$ ! "n ( ,corv9us4 ,copiae ,gallorum +5tes agrum ,pompt9um ins$]ant in/ruebanturque acies a consulibus4 ,dux int]ea ,gallorum1 va/ proc]itate armisque auro praefulg5tibus1 manu telum vibrans inc$ebat p]que contemptum et sup]biam circumspicit despicitque omnia1 et v5ire iubet et congr$i1 si quis pugn>e secum ex omni ,romano ex]citu aud]et4 #g ,tum ,val]ius adulesc5s1 tribunus iam milit>is1 cet]is int] metum pudoremque ambiguis1 impetrat a consulibus1 ut 9 ,gallum pugn>e sese p]mitt]5t1 et progr$itur intrepidus obviam4 ,et congr$iuntur et consi/unt et cons]ebantur iam manus4 #ab ,atque ibi vis qua$am div9a fit3 corvus rep5te advolat et sup] galeam tribuni insi/it atque inde 9 adv]s>ii os atque oculos pugn>e incipit1 eius manum unguibus laniabat atque1 ubi satis saevi]at1 revolabat 9 galeam tribuni4 ,sic tribunus1 spectante utroque ex]citu1 et su virtute nixus et op]1 alitis adiutus1 ducem ho/ium f]ocissimum vicit int]fecitque1 atque ob hanc causam cognom5 habuit ,corv9um4 #bj ,/atuam ,corv9o i/i divus ,augu/us 9 =o suo /atu5dam curavit4 ,9 eius /atuae capite corvi simulacrum e/1 rei pugnaeque1 quam diximus1 monim5tum4 ,,xxiv4 ,,aesop4 ,aesop 9 8 fables gives good advice 9 a pleasant way1 & h5ce m5 att5d to him4 ,an in/ance ( ?is is 8 fable ( ! l>k1 :i* has be5 put into v]se by ,ennius4 ,aesopus ille e ,phrygia fabul>um scriptor haud inm]ito sapi5s exi/imatus e/2 quae enim utilia monitu suasuque erant1 non sev]e praecepit1 ut philosophis mos e/1 s$ hil>es iucundosque apologos comm5tus1 9 m5tes hom9um cum audi5di qudam inlecebr induit4 #f ,velut haec eius fabula de p>vae avis nidulo lepide praemonet spem fiduciamque r]um1 quas effic]e quis possit1 haut umquam 9 alio1 s$ 9 semetipso hab5dam4 ,hunc ,aesopi apologum ,q4 ,ennius 9 satiris v]sibus quadratis composuit1 quorum duo po/remi hi sunt3 #aa ,hc erit tibi rgum5tum smp] 9 prompt situm1 ,n quid expects amicos1 qud tute ag]e pssies4 #ac ,,xxv4 ,a ,,fable ,,( ,,aesop3--,,! ,,l>k ,,& ,,! ,,reap]s4 ,a c]ta9 l>k f\nd ! corn1 9 :i* x _h built1 ripe = cutt+ be=e its "y 7 fl$g$4 ,x !re=e ord]$ !m to report any?+ unusual :i* might happ5 9 its abs5ce4 ,! fir/ day !y ann\nc$ t ! ma/] _h be5 to ! field & _h s5t to ask 8 fri5ds to help him to reap ! corn4 ,on he>+ ?is ! "m said t !re 0 no imm$iate ne$ = !m to leave ! field4 ,avis e/ p>va1 nom5 e/ cassita4 ,habitat 9 segetibus1 id f]me temporis ut appetat messis pullis iam iam plumantibus4 ,ea cassita 9 sem5tes =te congess]at tempe/iviores2 propt]ea frum5tis flavesc5tibus pulli etiam tunc inplumes erant4 #e ,dum igitur ipsa iret cibum pullis quaesitum1 monet eos1 ut1 si quid ibi rei novae fi]et dic]eturve1 animadv]t]5t idque sibi1 ubi r$iisset1 nunti>5t4 ,dom9us po/ea segetum ill>um filium adulesc5tem vocat et ,videsne inquit haec maturuisse et manus iam po/ul>e8 idcirco cras1 ubi primum dilucescit1 fac amicos eas et roges1 ut v5iant op]amque mutuam d5t et 9 hac messi nos adiuv5t4 #ac ,haec ubi ille dixit1 et discessit4 ,atque ubi r$it cassita1 pulli tremibundi or>e matrem1 ut iam /atim prop]et inque alium locum sese asportet3 ,nam dom9us inquiunt misit1 qui amicos roget1 uti luce ori5te v5iant et metant4 ,mat] iubet eos otioso animo esse3 ,si enim dom9us inquit messim ad amicos reiicit1 cras seges non metetur1 neque necesse e/ hodie uti vos auf]am4 #bj ,,xxvi4 ,,! ,,l>k ,,& ,,! ,,reap]s 7,cont9u$74 ,next day ! "y ones report$ t ! ma/]1 f9d+ 8 fri5ds _h n come1 _h s5t to ask ! aid ( 8 relations4 ,! "m /ill tells !m to be 9 no fe>1 & next day aga9 goes out to seek food4 ,?is "t ! "y ones report t ! ma/]1 f9d+ 8 relations l+]$1 _h det]m9$ to cut ! corn himself4 ,on he>+ ?is ! "m ann\nces t !y mu/ g at once4 ,die po/]o mat] 9 pabulum volat4 ,dom9us1 quos rogav]at1 opp]itur4 ,sol f]vit1 et fit nihil2 x dies1 et amici nulli eunt4 ,tum ille rursum ad filium ,amici i/i inquit cessatores sunt4 ,qu9 potius imus et cognatos adf9esque no/ros oramus1 ut ads9t cras ad met5dum8 #f ,itidem hoc pulli pavefacti matri nuntiant4 ,mat] hortatur1 ut tum quoque s9e metu ac s9e cur s9t2 cognatos adf9esque nullos f]me tam faciles esse ait1 ut ad laborem capess5dum nihil cunct5tur et /atim dicto obo$iant3 ,vos modo inquit adv]tite1 si modo quid d5uo dicetur4 ,ali luce ort avis 9 pa/um pr(ecta e/4 #ab ,cognati et adf9es op]am1 quam d>e rogati sunt1 neglex]unt4 ,ad po/remum igitur dom9us filio ,valeant inquit amici cum prop9quis4 ,aff]es prim luce falces duas2 unam egomet mihi et tu tibi capies alt]am et frum5tum nosmetipsi manibus no/ris cras metemus4 #ag ,id ubi ex pullis dixisse dom9um mat] audivit1 ,tempus inquit e/ c$5di et abeundi2 fiet nunc dubio procul quod futurum dixit4 ,9 ipso enim iam v]titur cuia res e/1 non 9 alio1 unde petitur4 ,atque ita cassita e nido migravit1 seges a dom9o demessa e/4 #bc ,,xxvii4 ,,pyrrus ,,& ,,fabricius4 ,a fri5d ( ,k+ ,pyrrus came to ! ,roman g5]al ,fabricius & (f]$ to poison ! ,k+ = a bribe4 ,fabricius report$ ! matt] to ! ,s5ate1 :o w>n$ ,pyrrus to be on 8 gu>d4 ,pyrrus %[$ 8 gratitude by s5d+ back all ! ,roman prison]s4 ,cum ,pyrrus rex 9 t]r ,itali esset et unam atque alt]am pugnas prosp]e pugnasset et pl]aque ,italia ad regem descivisset1 tum ,ambraci5sis quispiam ,timo*>es1 regis ,pyrri amicus1 ad ,c4 ,fabricium consulem furtim v5it ac praemium petivit et1 si de praemio conv5iret1 promisit se regem v55is necaturum2 idque facile esse factu dixit1 quoniam filius suus pocula 9 convivio regi m9i/r>et4 #h ,eam rem ,fabricius ad s5atum scripsit4 ,s5atus ad regem legatos misit m&avitque1 ut de ,timo*>e nihil prod]5t1 s$ mon]5t1 uti rex cautius ag]et atque a proximorum insidiis salutem tut>etur4 ,quamobrem ,pyrrus populo ,romano laudes atque gratias scripsisse dicitur captivosque omnes1 quos tum habuit1 ve/ivisse et r$didisse4 #ae ,,xxviii4 ,,&roclus ,,& ,,! ,,lion3 ,,sc5e ,,9 ,,! ,,circus4 ,at ! games 9 ! ,circus a lion ( gigantic size 0 se5 to fawn ^u "o ( ! condemn$ slaves expos$ 9 ! ar5a4 ,9 circo maximo v5ationis pugna populo dabatur4 ,multae ibi f]ae1 s$ praet] alia omnia leo corpore va/o t]rificoque fremitu et sonoro animos oculosque omnium 9 sese conv]t]at4 ,introductus erat int] compluris cet]os ad pugnam be/i>um datos s]vus viri consul>is2 ei s]vo ,&roclus nom5 fuit4 #f ,hunc ille leo ubi vidit procul1 rep5te quasi admirans /etit ac de9de s5sim atque placide1 tamquam famili>is1 ad hom9em acc$it4 ,tum caudam m adulantium canum bl&e movet cruraque et manus hom9is1 prope iam exanimati metu1 l+u l5it] demulcet4 #aa ,homo ,&roclus int] illa tam atrocis f]ae bl&im5ta amissum animum recup]at1 paulatim oculos ad contu5dum leonem ref]t4 ,tum quasi mutu recognitione fact laetos et gratulantes vid]es hom9em et leonem4 #af ,,xxix4 ,,&roclus ,,& ,,! ,,lion3--,,! ,,slave',s ,,/ory4 ,:5 que/ion$ by ! ,emp]or ! slave expla9$ t he _h fl$ f 8 ma/] into ! ,african des]t1 t he _h by accid5t tak5 refuge 9 ?is lion's cave1 &1 :5 ! lion _h return$ to its home lame1 he _h extract$ a ?orn f its foot4 ,haec tam mira res maximos populi clamores excitat et ,caes> ,&roclum vocat qua]itque causam1 cur illi uni atrocissimus leo pep]cisset4 ,ibi ,&roclus rem mirificam atque admir&am n>rat4 #d ,cum prov9ciam inquit ,africam proconsul>i imp]io meus dom9us obt9]et1 ego ibi iniquis eius et cotidianis v]b]ibus ad fugam sum coactus et1 quo mihi a dom9o1 t]rae illius praeside1 tutiores latebrae =5t1 9 locos des]tos et remotos concessi ac1 si defuisset cibus1 consilium fuit mortem aliquo pacto qua]]e4 #aj ,tum die m$io sole flagrante specum quemdam nanctus remotum latebrosumque1 9 eum me recondo4 ,neque multo po/ ad eundem specum v5it hic leo1 debili uno et cru5to p$e1 gemitus ed5s et murmura ob dolorem cruciatumque vuln]is4 #ae ,atque illic primo quidem conspectu adv5i5tis leonis t]ritus et pavefactus sum2 s$ po/quam introgressus leo videt me procul delitesc5tem1 mitis et mansuetus accessit et sublatum p$em o/5d]e mihi et porrig]e quasi opis pet5dae grati visus e/4 #bj ,ibi ego /irpem +5tem1 ve/igio p$is eius ha]5tem1 revelli conceptamque saniem voln]e intimo expressi et s9e magn iam =mid9e siccavi p5itus atque det]si cruorem4 ,ill tunc me op] levatus1 p$e 9 manibus meis posito1 recubuit et quievit4 #be ,,xxx4 ,,&roclus ,,& ,,! ,,lion3--,,! ,,slave',s ,,/ory 7cont9u$74 ,= ?ree ye>s he & ! lion _h liv$ toge!r4 ,at la/ he _h gr[n we>y ( ! savage life1 b z soon z he _h return$ to ! haunts ( m5 he _h be5 captur$1 condemn$1 & s5t to ,rome to be expos$ to ! wild bea/s 9 ! circus4 ,&roclus 0 p>don$ & ! lion 0 giv5 to him4 ,ex eo die tri5nium totum ego et leo 9 eodem specu eodemque et victu viximus4 ,nam1 quas v5abatur f]as1 membra opimiora ad specum mihi f]ebat1 quae ego1 ignis copiam non hab5s1 m]idiano sole torr5s edebam4 #e ,s$ ubi me vitae illius f]9ae iam p]taesum e/1 leone 9 v5atum pr(ecto1 reliqui specum et1 viam f]me tridui p]m5sus1 a militibus visus adpreh5susque sum et ad dom9um ex ,afric ,romam d$uctus4 ,is me /atim rei capitalis damn&um d&umque ad be/ias curavit4 ,intellego autem inquit hunc quoque leonem me tunc sep>ato captum1 gratiam mihi nunc b5eficii et m$ic9ae ref]re4 #ac ,haec dixit ,&roclus2 quae cum scripta ess5t circumlataque populo et decl>ata1 cunctis pet5tibus dimissus ,&roclus et po5 solutus et leone suffragiis populi donatus4 ,po/ea ,&roclus et leo1 loro t5ui rev9ctus1 urbe tot circum tab]nas ibat3 donatus e/ a]e ,&roclus1 floribus sp>sus e/ leo1 omnesque ubique obvii exclamant1 ,hic e/ leo hospes hom9is1 hic e/ homo m$icus leonis4 #ba ,,xxxi4 ,,! ,,actor ,,polus4 ,polus1 hav+ to act ! "p ( ,electra soon aft] 8 only son _h di$1 appe>$ on ! /age hold+ ! urn :i* conta9$ ! rema9s ( 8 son1 & ov] ?is he wept ! te>s ( real grief4 ,hi/rio 9 t]r ,graeci fuit fam celebri1 cui nom5 erat ,polus4 ,is unice amatum filium morte amisit1 s$ ubi cum satis visus e/ luxisse1 r$iit ad quae/um artis4 #d ,eo tempore ,a!nis ,electram ,sophoclis acturus1 ge/>e urnam quasi cum ,ore/i ossibus debebat4 ,ita compositum fabulae argum5tum e/ ut1 veluti fratris reliquias f]5s1 ,electra comploret int]itum eius exi/imatum4 #i ,igitur ,polus1 lugubri habitu ,electrae indutus1 ossa atque urnam e sepulcro tulit filii et1 quasi ,ore/i amplexus1 opplevit omnia non simulacris s$ luctu atque lam5tis v]is4 ,itaque cum agi fabula vid]etur1 dolor actus e/4 #ac ,,xxxii4 ,a ,,greek ,,orator ,,is ,,brib$1 ,,& ,,glories ,,9 ,,8 ,,%ame4 ,a ,greek orator--"s say ,demo/h5es1 o!rs ,demades--at fir/ oppos$ a reque/ ( ! ,milesians = aid1 b took a bribe to )draw 8 opposition4 ,:5 ! matt] 0 aga9 discuss$ he ann\nc$ t he 0 suff]+ f an inflam$ ?roat1 & s c\ld n speak4 ,he aft]w>ds op5ly boa/$ t he _h be5 paid to hold 8 tongue4 ,legati ,mileto auxilii pet5di caus v5]unt ,a!nas4 ,tum qui pro sese v]ba fac]5t advocav]unt2 hi1 uti erat m&atum1 v]ba pro ,milesiis ad populum fec]unt1 s$ ,demo/h5es ,milesiorum po/ulatis acrit] respondit2 neque ,milesios auxilio dignos neque ex republic id esse cont5dit4 ,res t&em 9 po/]um diem prolata e/4 #g ,tum legati ad ,demo/h55 v5]unt orav]untque1 uti contra ne dic]et4 ,is pecuniam petivit et quantam petiv]at ab/ulit4 ,po/ridie1 cum res agi d5uo coepta esset1 ,demo/h5es1 lan mult collum circumvolutus1 ad populum prodit et dixit se synan*5 pati2 eo contra ,milesios loqui non quire4 ,tum e populo quidam exclamavit1 non synan*5 eum pati s$ argyran*54 #ad ,ipse etiam ,demo/h5es non id po/ea celavit1 qu9 gloriae quoque hoc sibi adsignavit4 ,nam cum int]rogasset ,ari/odemum1 actorem fabul>um1 quantum m]c$is1 uti ag]et1 accepisset1 et ,ari/odemus tal5tum respondisset1 ,at ego plus inquit accepi1 ut tac]em4 #bj ,quod hic diximus de ,demo/h5e1 id nonnulli scriptores 9 ,demad5 contul]unt4 #bb ,,xxxiii4 ,,cic]o4 ,cic]o once borr[$ money to buy a h\se1 b aft]w>ds d5i$ t he _h ev] tak5 ! money or _h int5d$ to pur*ase ! prop]ty4 ,he did buy ! h\se1 &1 :5 rem9d$ ( :at he _h said1 repli$ t a prud5t man always conceal$ 8 int5d$ pur*ases4 ,cic]o cum em]e vellet 9 ,palatio domum neque pecuniam 9 praes5s hab]et1 a ,p4 ,sulla1 qui tum reus erat1 mutua se/]tium vici5s tacita accepit4 ,ea res tam51 priusquam em]et1 prodita e/ et 9 vulgus exivit1 obiectumque ei e/1 quod pecuniam domus em5dae caus a reo accepisset4 #f ,tum ,cic]o inop9at obprobratione p]motus accepisse se negavit ac domum quoque se empturum negavit4 ,s$ cum po/ea emisset et hoc m5dacium 9 s5atu ei ab amicis obiic]etur1 risit satis atque int] rid5dum3 ako9onotoi inquit hom9es e/is1 cum ignoratis prud5tis et cauti patrisfamilias esse1 quod em]e velit1 empturum sese neg>e propt] competitores emptionis4 #ac ,,xxxiv4 ,,fires ,,at ,,rome3--,a ,,rem$y4 ,prop]ty 9 ,rome1 said a fri5d1 w\ld be wor? f> m if ! risk f fire 7 n s great4 ,ar*elaus1 repli$ ,julianus1 pres]v$ 8 def5sive outworks f fire by cov]+ !m ) alum4 ,declamav]at ,antonius ,iulianus rhetor quam felicissime1 eumque nos famili>es eius circumfusi undique prosequebamur domum1 cum subeuntes montem ,cispium conspicimus insulam qu&am multis1 arduisque tabulatis editam1 igni occupatam et prop9qua iam omnia flagr>e va/o inc5dio4 #f ,tum quispiam ibi ex comitibus ,iuliani1 ,magni inquit r$itus urbanorum pra$iorum1 s$ p]icula sunt longe maxima4 ,si quid autem posset rem$ii =e1 ut ne tam adsidue domus ,romae ard]5t1 v5um h]cle d$issem res ru/icas et urbicas emissem4 ,atque illi ,iulianus ,si annalem inquit undevic5simum ,q4 ,claudi legisses1 docuisset te pr(ecto ,ar*elaus1 regis ,mitridati praefectus1 quo rem$io ignem def5d]es4 #ad ,9 eo enim libro scriptum inv5i1 cum obpugn>et ,l4 ,sulla 9 t]r ,attic ,piraeum et contra ,ar*elaus regis ,mitridati praefectus ex eo oppido propugn>et1 turrim ligneam def5d5di grati /ructam1 cum ex omni lat]e circumplexa igni =et1 ard]e non quisse1 quod alum9e ab ,ar*elao oblita fuisset4 #bj ,,xxxv4 ,,arion ,,& ,,! ,,dolph94 #a4 ,,! ,,robb]y4 ,arion1 hav+ ga9$ mu* money 9 ,italy & ,sicily1 took %ip to return to ,cor9?1 b 0 robb$ & made to leap ov]bo>d by ! sailors4 ,vetus et nobilis cantor ,arion fuit4 ,is oppido ,me?ymnaeus1 t]r ,lesbius fuit4 ,eum ,arionem rex ,cor9?i ,p]i&] amicum habuit artis grati4 ,is inde a rege pr(iciscitur1 ut t]ras praecl>as ,siciliam atque ,italiam vis]et4 ,ubi eo v5it aures omnium m5tesque 9 utriusque t]rae urbibus delectavit1 et po/ea gr&em pecuniam adeptus ,cor9?um in/ituit r$ire4 #h ,navem igitur et navitas1 ut notiores amicioresque sibi1 ,cor9?ios delegit4 ,s$ ei ,cor9?ii1 hom9e accepto navique 9 altum provect1 pra$ae pecuniaeque cupidi1 consilium de nec&o ,arione cep]unt4 ,tum ille pecuniam cet]aque sua eis d$it vitam modo sibi ut p>c]5t oravit4 #ac ,navitae p] vim suis manibus eum non necav]unt1 s$ imp]av]unt1 ut iam /atim coram desiliret praeceps 9 m>e4 ,homo ibi t]ritus1 spe omni vitae p]dit1 id unum po/ea oravit1 ut1 priusquam mortem obpet]et1 indu]e p]mitt]5t sua sibi omnia et fides cap]e et can]e c>m54 #ai ,quod orav]at impetrat1 atque ibi mox de m c9ctus1 amictus1 ornatus /ansque 9 summ puppi1 c>m51 quod or?ium dicitur1 voce sublatissim cantavit4 ,ad po/rema cantus cum fidibus ornatuque omni1 sicut /abat canebatque1 iecit sese procul 9 pr(undum4 #bd ,,xxxvi4 ,,arion ,,& ,,! ,,dolph94 #b4 ,,! ,,rescue4 ,a dolph9 c>ri$ him safely to ,ta5>um2 !nce he travell$ to ,cor9?1 & told 8 adv5ture to ! ,k+4 ,! sailors on _! arrival 7 confront$ by ,arion & convict$ ( _! crime4 ,navitae1 hautquaquam dubitantes1 qu9 p]iisset1 cursum1 quem fac]e coep]ant1 t5u]unt4 ,s$ novum et mirum et pium fac9us contigit4 ,delph9us rep5te int] undas adnavit1 fluitantique sese hom9i subdidit1 et dorso sup] fluctus edito vectavit incolumique eum corpore et ornatu ,ta5>um 9 t]ram ,laconicam devexit4 #g ,tum ,arion prorsus ex eo loco ,cor9?um petivit talemque ,p]i&ro regi1 qualis delph9o vectus fu]at1 inop9anti sese optulit1 eique rem1 sicuti accid]at1 n>ravit4 ,rex i/aec p>um cr$idit1 ,arionem1 quasi fall]et1 cu/odiri iussit1 navitas inquisitos1 ablegato ,arione1 dissimulant] int]rogavit1 ecquid audiss5t 9 8 locis1 unde v5iss5t1 de ,arione8 #ad ,dix]unt hom9em1 cum inde ir5t1 9 t]r ,itali fuisse et illic b5e ag]e4 ,tum int] haec eorum v]ba ,arion cum fidibus et indum5tis1 cum quibus se 9 salum deiec]at1 extitit1 navitaeque /upefacti convictique ire infitias non quiv]unt4 ,hanc fabulam dicunt ,lesbii et ,cor9?ii1 atque fabulae argum5tum e/ quod simulacra duo a5ea ad ,ta5>um visuntur1 delph9us veh5s et homo insid5s4 #ba ,,xxxvii4 ,,! ,,?racian ,,husb&man4 ,a ,?racian hav+ he>d t trees requir$ cutt+ & prun+1 proce$$ to *op ! tops (f 8 v9es & olives1 & ?us 9 8 ignorance de/roy$ all 8 prop]ty4 ,homo ,?racus ex ultim b>b>i ruris col5di insol5s1 cum 9 t]ras cultiores migrasset1 fundum m]catus e/ oleo atque v9o consitum4 ,qui nihil admodum de vite aut arbore col5d sciret1 videt =te vic9um rubos alte atque late obortas excid5tem1 frax9os ad summum prope v]ticem deputantem1 suboles vitium e radicibus sup] t]ram fusas revell5tem1 /olones 9 pomis aut 9 oleis proc]os amputantem2 #i acc$itque prope et cur tantam ligni atque frondium ca$em fac]et1 p]contatus e/4 ,et vic9us ita respondit3 ,ut ag] inquit mundus purusque fiat1 eius arbor atque vitis fecundior4 #ab ,disc$it ille a vic9o gratias ag5s et laetus1 tamquam adeptus rei ru/icae discipl9am4 ,tum falcem ac securim capit2 atque ibi homo mis] imp]itus vites suas sibi omnis et oleas detruncat1 comasque arborum laetissimas ub]rimosque vitium palmites decidit1 et virgulta simul omnia1 pomis gign5dis felicia1 cum s5tibus et rubis purg&i agri grati convellit4 #ai ,,xxxviii4 ,,mitridates4 ,mitridates by ! use ( antidotes made himself pro( aga9/ poisons3 h5ce :5 he wi%$ to kill himself he _h to use 8 sword4 ,he c\ld speak p]fectly ! languages ( ! tw5ty-two nations ov] :i* he rul$4 ,mitridates ille ,ponti rex m$ic9ae rei et rem$iorum soll]s erat1 quorum adsiduo usu a cl&e/9is epul>um insidiis cavebat2 qu9 et ultro o/5t&i grati v55um rapidum et velox saep5um]o hausit1 atque id tam5 s9e nox fuit4 ,quamobrem po/ea1 cum proelio victus 9 ultima regni refugisset et mori decrevisset1 v55a fe/9&ae necis caus fru/ra exp]tus1 suo se ipse gladio transegit4 #h ,qu9tus ,ennius tria corda sese hab]e dicebat1 quod loqui ,graece et ,osce et ,lat9e sciret4 ,mitridates autem du>um et vig9ti g5tium1 quas sub dicione habuit1 l+uas p]calluit1 e>umque omnium g5tium viris haut umquam p] int]pretem conlocutus e/1 s$ l+u et oratione cuiusque1 non m9us scite quam si g5tis eius esset1 locutus e/4 #ae ,,xxxix4 ,,! ,,philosoph] ,,& ,,8 ,,pupil4 ,eua?lus agre$ to pay ,protagoras a c]ta9 sum ( money on ! day :5 he won 8 fir/ case4 ,he nev] und]took "o1 s at la/ ,protagoras br\ght an action aga9/ him to recov] ! money4 ,y are 9 ?is dilemma1 said ! philosoph]3 if y lose ?is action1 ! c\rt w aw>d me ! money2 if y w9 x1 y w h won y\r fir/ case1 & w owe me ! fee accord+ to our agreem5t4 ,nay1 repli$ ! pupil1 if ,i w9 ! action1 ,i %all owe y no?+ accord+ to ! s5t5ce ( ! c\rt2 if ,i lose1 ,i %all owe y no?+ accord+ to our agreem5t4 ,eua?lus1 adulesc5s dives1 eloqu5tiae disc5dae caus>umque or&i cupidus fuit4 ,is 9 discipl9am ,protagorae sese d$it daturumque promisit m]c$em gr&em pecuniam1 quantam ,protagoras petiv]at1 dimidiumque eius d$it iam tunc pepigitque1 ut reliquum dimidium d>et1 quo primo die causam apud iudices orasset et vicisset4 #g ,po/ea cum diu auditor ,protagorae fuisset1 causas tam5 non recip]et1 tempusque iam longum transcurr]et et fac]e id vid]etur1 ne relicum m]c$is d>et1 capit consilium ,protagoras1 ut tum exi/imabat1 a/utum3 pet]e in/itit ex pacto m]c$em1 litem cum ,eua?lo conte/atur4 #ab ,cum ad iudices v5iss5t1 tum ,protagoras sic exorsus e/3 ,disce1 inquit /ultissime adulesc5s1 utroque id modo =e1 uti r$das quod peto1 sive contra te pronuntiatum erit sive pro te4 ,nam1 si contra te lis data erit1 m]ces mihi ex s5t5ti debebitur1 quia ego vic]o2 s9 v]o secundum te iudicatum erit1 m]ces mihi ex pacto debebitur1 quia tu vic]is4 #bj ,ad ea respondit ,eua?lus3 ,disce igitur tu quoque1 magi/] sapi5tissime1 utroque modo =e1 uti non r$dam quod petis1 sive contra me pronuntiatum fu]it sive pro me4 ,nam1 si iudices pro caus me s5s]9t1 nihil tibi ex s5t5ti debebitur1 quia ego vic]o2 s9 contra me pronuntiav]9t1 nihil tibi ex pacto debebo1 quia non vic]o4 #bg ,tum iudices hoc inexplicabile esse rati1 causam 9 diem longissimam di/ul]unt4 ,sic ab adulesc5te discipulo magi/] doctissimus suo ipse argum5to confutatus e/4 #ca ,,xl4 ,,roman ,,respect ,,= ,,an ,,oa?2 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,t5 ,,captives4 ,hannibal aft] ! battle ( ,cannae s5t t5 captives to ,rome to propose an ex*ange ( prison]s1 b b\nd ! t5 by an oa? to return1 if ! ,s5ate did n accept 8 (f]4 ,! ,s5ate reject$ x1 & eight out ( ! t5 return$1 b two1 yield+ to ! entreaties ( _! fri5ds1 & alleg+ t !y _h by a trick fre$ !mselves f ! obligation ( ! oa?1 rema9$ beh9d4 ,^! two 7 treat$ ) su* scorn t !y f\nd life unbe>able & committ$ suicide4 ,po/ proelium ,cann5se ,hannibal ex captivis no/ris electos decem ,romam misit1 m&avitque eis pactusque e/1 ut1 si populo ,romano vid]etur1 p]mutatio fi]et captivorum et pro 81 quos alt]i plures accip]5t1 d>5t arg5ti pondo libram et selibram4 ,hoc1 priusquam pr(icisc]5tur1 iusiur&um eos adegit1 r$ituros esse 9 ca/ra ,po5ica1 si ,romani captivos non p]mut>5t4 #h ,v5iunt ,romam decem captivi4 ,m&atum ,po5i imp]atoris 9 s5atu exponunt4 ,p]mutatio s5atui non placet4 ,p>5tes1 cognati adf9esque captivorum amplexi eos po/lim9io 9 patriam r$isse dicebant1 /atumque eorum integrum incolumemque esse1 ac1 ne ad ho/es r$ire vell5t1 orabant4 #ad ,tum octo ex 8 po/lim9ium iu/um non esse sibi respond]unt1 quoniam iure iur&o v9cti =5t1 /atimque1 uti iurati erant1 ad ,hannibalem pr(ecti sunt4 #ag ,duo reliqui ,romae mans]unt solutosque se esse ac lib]atos religione dicebant1 quoniam1 cum egressi ca/ra ho/ium fuiss5t1 comm5ticio consilio1 tamquam ob aliquam =tuitam causam1 eodem regressi sunt1 atque ita rursum iniurati abiss5t4 #bb ,haec eorum fraudul5ta calliditas tam esse turpis exi/imata e/1 ut contempti vulgo s9t c5soresque eos po/ea omnibus ignom9iae notis adfec]9t4 #be ,multis autem 9 s5atu placuit1 ut datis cu/odibus ad ,hannibalem d$uc]5tur1 s$ ea s5t5tia num]o plurium1 quibus id non vid]etur1 sup]ata4 ,usque adeo tam5 invisi erant1 ut ta$io vitae necem sibi consciviss5t4 #cj ,,notes4 ,i4 #a4 ,p4 ,v]gilius ,m>o1 ! greate/ ( ,roman epic poets1 0 born #gj ,b4,c4 ne> ,mantua1 9 ! ,n4 ( ,italy1 & di$ #ai ,b4,c4 at ,brundusium1 9 ! ,s4,e4 ( ,italy4 ,8 *ief works 7 ! ,b-uc7ol7ic7a 7b\-kole1 ,i t5d cattle71 or ,ecl7ogae 7',selections1' f ek-leg1 ,i *oose out71 a s]ies ( %ort poems1 *iefly pa/oral2 ! ,g7eorg7ic7a 7g ergon71 a poetical treatise on agriculture2 & ! ,a5-es1 or /ory ( ,a5-ez1 a poem 9 twelve books1 relat+ ! adv5tures ( ,a5eas aft] ! fall ( ,troy4 #b4 se p>]e v]sus1 't he produc$ 8 v]ses l a be>1' lit4 '9 a be>-l mann]4' p7ar7ere1 f p7ario4 ,di/+ui% ?ree words1 7#a7 p7aro1 -avi1 -atum1 -are1 ',i prep>e1' 7#b7 p-areo1 -ui1 -itum1 --ere1 ',i obey1' gov4 dat4 case1 7#c7 p7ario1 p7ep7eri1 p>tum1 or p>7itum1 -7ere1 ',i br+ =?4' #c4 lamb5do1 abl4 ( ! g]und1 'by lick+ x'2 s tract&o corrig5doque1 'by poli%+ & correct+ !m4' #e4 p>tus1 nom4 pl41 be/ translat$ by ! ,engli% s+41 '! (fspr+ (444' #f4 r$do1 comp\nd ( re & d4 ,r7ed is us$ = re 9 r$7amo1 r$>guo1 r$do1 r$eo1 r$hibeo1 r$igo1 r$imo1 r$oleo1 r$undo4 ,9 composition ! re is %ort except 9 444 r-eligio 7(t5 spelt relligio71 r-eliquiae 7(t5 spelt relliquiae71 & ! p]fects ( r7epello1 r7ep]io1 & r7ef]o1 viz41 r-epuli 7or reppuli71 r-ep]i 7or repp]i71 & r-etuli 7or rettuli74 ,r-ef]t1 ! imp]sonal v]b1 'x conc]ns1' is a comp\nd ( res-f]t3 r7ef]o1 makes #crd s+1 r7ef]t4 ,re or r$ 9 composition has two pr9cipal mean+s1 7#a7 'back' or 'backw>d1' z r$eo1 ',i g back1' 7#b7 'aga91' z reficio1 ',i make aga91 repair4' ,x also frequ5tly d5otes 7#c7 'duty' or 'obligation1' s r$do "h means ',i give z is due1' 'r5d]4' ,,ii4 #a4 ,m5&] 7#cdb-bia ,b4,c471 an ,a!nian comic poet1 fam\s z ! model ( ,roman dramati/s1 especially ,t]5ce4 ,philemon1 also an ,a!nian comic poet1 ! contempor>y & rival ( ,m5&]4 #b4 9 c]tam9ibus como$i>um4 ,9 ,a!ns dramas 7 repres5t$ at ! great fe/ivals 9 hon\r ( ,dionysus1 at :i* e citiz5 0 pres5t1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 f daybreak to sunset 7,donaldson74 ,judges 7 appo9t$ by lot to decide ^u ! m]its ( ! rival plays4 ,! successful poet 0 cr[n$ ) ivy1 & 8 "n 0 proclaim$ be=e ! audi5ce4 ambitus1 'brib]y1' f ambio2 prop]ly a 'go+ r\nd' to canvass = votes1 etc41 especially by brib]y4 ,ambitio1 f ! same v]b1 is us$ bo? 9 ?is s5se & also z 'a desire = p[]1' etc41 our 'ambition4' #d4 quaeso1 us$ p>5!tically l our 'pray6' bon v5i1 'apologiz+ = ! "q'2 lit4 ') y\r good leave444' i4e4 'p>don me1 b444' #e4 nonne introduces a "q expect+ ! answ] ',yes1' e4g4 nonne erubescis1 'd y n blu%8' ,num introduces a "q expect+ ! answ] ',no1' e4g4 num erubescis1 'y d n blu%1 d y8' -ne is us$ :5 ! answ] is d\btful1 e4g4 erubescisne1 'd y blu%8' erubesco4 ,! t]m9ation -sco %[s t ! v]b is inceptive or in*oative1 i4e4 d5otes ! beg9n+ 7inceptum7 ( an action or /ate4 ,su* v]bs are always ( ! #crd conjugation1 & =m _! p]fects & sup9es 7if !y h sup9es1 b 9 mo/ inceptives ! sup9e is want+7 f ! simple v]b or /em f :i* !y spr+1 e4g4 pallesco 7f palleo71 pallui1 7no sup9e71 pallesc]e1 ,i beg9 to gr[ pale2 v7et7erasco 7f old =m v7et]1 classical v7etus1 -7eris71 -ravi1 no sup41 vet]asc7ere1 ',i gr[ old4' ,,iii4 #a4 ,ari/oteles1 ! ,greek philosoph]1 0 born at ,/ag-ira1 9 ,mac$onia1 #chd ,b4,c4 ,he liv$ = tw5ty ye>s at ,a!ns1 :]e he 0 a pupil ( ,plato2 aft]w>ds he return$ to ,mac$onia1 & became ! tutor ( ,alex&]4 ,:5 ,alex&] succe$$ to ! ?rone1 ,ari/otle aga9 w5t to ,a!ns & taught philosophy = #ac ye>s 9 ! ,lyceum1 a gymnasium sacr$ to ,apollo ,lyceus4 ,he di$ 9 #cbb ,b4,c4 at ,*alcis 9 ,euboea4 ,_m ( 8 writ+s ^u logic1 moral & political philosophy1 natural hi/ory1 etc41 h rea*$ u4 ,plut>*us 0 born at ,*a]onea 9 ,boeotia ab\t #ej ,a4,d4 ,he came to ,rome at an e>ly age1 & sp5t _m ye>s !re & 9 o!r p>ts ( ,italy4 ,9 8 old age he return$ to ,*a]onea1 :]e he di$ at an unkn[n date4 ,8 works 7 writt5 9 ,greek3 ! mo/ fam\s ( !m is ! ,p>allel ,lives ( =ty-six ,greeks & ,romans1 arrang$ 9 pairs1 a ,greek & a ,roman toge!r 7e4g4 ,alex&] & ,caes>1 ,demo/h5es & ,cic]o71 ! life ( ea* pair be+ foll[$ by a %ort discussion ( _! comp>ative m]its4 h]cle is a nom9ative =m2 ! simil> exclamations meh]cules1 meh]cule1 meh]cle1 h]cules1 h]cule1 & h]cle are all abbreviations = 'me ,h]cules juvet6' 'may ,h]cules help me6' ,cf4 ! int]jectional phrase1 'm$ius fidius1' = 'me deus ,fidius juvet'1 's help me ! ,god ( ,fai?6' #b4 si sup] 4441 ! ord] is 'si imponis magna pond]a sup] lignum palmae arboris4' #c4 non deorsum1 ! wood does n yield & b5d inw>ds b5ea? ! weight1 b rises up aga9/ x & b5ds outw>ds4 #f4 urg5tibus opprim5tibusque1 dat4 aft] c$it1 'x does n yield to4444' ,,iv4 #a4 ,socrates 0 born at ,a!ns #dfi ,b4,c4 ,8 fa!r 0 a /atu>y1 & 9 e>ly life ,socrates foll[$ ! same pr(ession1 b he soon ab&on$ x & devot$ himself entirely to philosophy4 ,he did n foll[ ! usual cu/om ( giv+ public lectures or op5+ a s*ool1 b w5t ab\t 9 ! city talk+ to m5 :]ev] he met !m1 & endeav\r+ to awake 9 !m a love ( true k4 ,by 8 attacks ^u ! popul> !ories & 8 free discussion ( religi\s que/ions he r\s$ a /rong antagonism2 at la/ he 0 impea*$ on ! ?ree *>ges ( corrupt+ ! ,a!nian y\?1 despis+ ! gods ( ! ,/ate1 & introduc+ new deities1 & 0 execut$ by a draught ( hemlock poison1 #cii ,b4,c4 ,he left no writt5 works1 s t our k ( him is d]iv$ f ! writ+s ( 8 pupils & contempor>ies1 *iefly ,plato & ,x5ophon4 #c4 iris 444 scatebat1 lit4 'bubbl$ ov] )1' 'ov]fl[$ ) 444' ,cf4 ,hor4 ,od4 iii4 #bg1 #bf1 'scat5tem beluis pontum1' '! ocean teem+ ) mon/]s'2 & ,aulus ,gellius1 ,n4 ,a4 l4 #ae1 uses 'scat]e v]bis4' quam rem 444 demiratus1 'hav+ express$ 8 a/oni%m5t at ?is fact to h] husb& ,socrates4' #d4 ,alcibiades1 #dej-djd ,b4,c41 0 a brilliant b unpr9cipl$ ,a!nian /atesman1 :o became fam\s dur+ ! ,peloponnesian w>4 ,he enjoy$ ! fri5d%ip ( ,socrates1 0 sav$ by ,socrates at ! battle ( ,potidaea1 #dcb ,b4,c41 & sav$ ! life ( ,socrates at ! battle ( ,delium1 #dbd ,b4,c4 #e4 7ac]bum1 7ac]-bus f -ac]1 z s7up]-bus f s7up]4 ,usually words reta9 ! quantity ( ! ^w f :i* !y are d]iv$1 b !re are _m exceptions1 e4g4 h7omo & h-umanus1 n-otus & cog-n7itus1 s rex1 g54 r-egis1 b r7eg1 dux1 g54 d7ucis1 b d-uco4 #g4 insuesco4 ,cf4 note on erubesco1 ii4 #e4 ex]ceor1 9 a middle s5se1 ',i ex]cise myself4' ,cf4 faciunt idem1 cum ex]c5tur1 a?letae 7,cic4 ,tusc4 ii4 #bc1 #ef71 'a?letes d ! same :5 !y ex]cise !mselves4' ,_m ,lat9 passives h ?us a 'middle' =ce2 cf4 v]tor1 ,i turn myself2 lavor1 ,i wa% myself2 & ! depon5ts glorior1 ,i boa/ myself2 vescor1 ,i fe$ myself1 etc4 #h4 ut 444 f]am1 's t ,i be> m easily4' ,ut us$ 9 a consecutive s5se1 i4e4 d5ot+ ! consequ5ce or result4 ,v4 #a4 corporis firm&i caus1 '7und]gone7 = ! sake ( /r5g!n+ 8 body'--! g]undive attraction4 ,cf4 note xiii4 #a4 #c4 ad solem alt]um ori5tem1 'till ! next sunrise4' ,sol ori5s is us$ = sunrise1 i4e4 ! ris+ ( ! sun1 z 'summus mons' = '! top ( ! m\nta91' ,caes> mortuus = '! dea? ( ,caes>1' etc4 #e4 tanquam 444 facto1 lit4 a c]ta9 )drawal1 z x 71 ( m9d & feel+ f ! body hav+ tak5 place1 i4e4 'm9d & feel+ hav+1 z x 71 left 8 body4' ,he /ood 9 seem+ unconsci\sness4 ,animus1 :5 contra/$ ) m5s1 is ! m9d z ! seat ( ! passions1 etc42 m5s ! high] reason+ faculty1 ! intellect4 #i4 valitud9e integra1 ! abl4 absolute1 '9 unimpair$ heal?4' ,ablative ,absolute1 'absolute' 7absolutus1 fr4 absolvo1 ',i release'7 "h means 'releas$' f gov]nm5t by any ^w 9 ! pr9cipal s5t5ce4 ,! con/ruction is "o ( _m v>ieties ( ! adv]bial ablative2 e4g4 ! abl4 ( "t1 ! abl4 ( place :]e1 ! abl4 ( mann]1 etc42 b x diff]s f ^! ablatives-- 7#a7 ,9 be+ equival5t to a complete clause1 e4g4 ,caes> hoc dixit1 convocatis militibus is equival5t to cum milites convocati ess5t4 7#b7 ,or1 to express ! same fact 9 ano!r way1 x consi/s ( two words ea* 9 ! ablative1 "o ( :i* /&s to ! o!r 9 ! relation ( pr$icate to subject2 ! 'subject' be+ a sub/antive or pron\n1 ! 'pr$icate' a p>ticiple1 adjective1 sub/antive1 or1 m r>ely1 a pron\n4 ,exceptions3 ,b 7a7 sometimes ! subject is n express$1 & a p>ticiple is us$ imp]sonally by itself 9 ! abl4 absol4--! p>ticiple "h be+ equival5t to a clause conta9+ an imp]sonal v]b1 e4g4 mihi1 errato1 nulla v5ia1 '!re is no p>don = me1 if ,i blund]' 7errato si erratum erit a me74 7b7 ,sometimes a :ole clause is sub/itut$ = ! abl4 ( ! 'subject'3 e4g4 excepto quod non simul esses1 cet]a laetus1 'happy 9 all respects1 except ! fact t y 7 n ) me' 7lit4 '! fact t y 7 n ) me be+ except$'74 ,examples3 7#a7 ,sub/4 & p>ticiple1 ,tullio regnante vix]unt1 '!y liv$ :il/ ,tullius 0 k+4' 7#b7 ,sub/4 & adj41 ,hannibale vivo ,romani semp] ,po5os timu]unt1 '! ,romans always fe>$ ! ,c>?ag9ians :il/ ,hannibal liv$4' 7#c7 ,sub/4 & sub/41 ,nil desp]&um ,teucro duce1 '!re is no cause = despair :il/ ,teuc] is our lead]4' 7#d7 ,sub/4 & pron41 quid hoc populo obt9]i pote/1 ':at c be ma9ta9$ ) su* a p z ?is8' 7#e7 ,pron4 & p>ticiple1 eis occisis cet]i domum r$i]unt1 ':5 ^? m5 _h be5 sla9 ! re/ return$ home4' 7#f7 ,pron4 & adj41 me invito id fecit1 'he did x contr>y to my wi%es4' 7#g7 ,pron4 & sub/41 eo rege tuti erant1 '!y 7 safe :il/ he 0 k+4' ,note4--7#a7 ,! abl4 absolute sometimes expresses m]ely "t 7e4g4 inita ae/ate1 'at ! beg9n+ ( summ]'71 b m (t5 att5dant circum/ances1 or cause4 7#b7 ,! abl4 absol4 _c be us$ :5 ! 'subject' ( ! clause is ! same z ! subject or object ( ! pr9cipal clause4 ,?is rule is sometimes1 b r>ely1 violat$4 7#c7 ,9 ,greek ! g5itive is ! absolute case3 9 mo/ mod]n languages ! nom4 is ?us us$3 b ! acc4 is sometimes us$ absolutely 9 ,g]man1 & 9 ,old ,engli% ! accusative 7repres5t+ ! dative ( ,anglo-,saxon7 0 us$ absolutely4 ,milton uses bo? nom4 & acc43 cf4 ,u dispossess$1 ,p>4 ,l41 vii4 #adj2 ,i ext9ct1 id4 ix4 #iid4 #aj4 pe/il5tia1 ! fam\s plague ( ,a!ns1 :i* rag$ dur+ ! second & ?ird ye>s ( ! ,peloponnesian w>4 ,?is 0 a w> betwe5 ,a!ns ) h] allies & ,sp>ta ) h] allies1 :i* la/$ = #bh ye>s1 f #dca to #djd ,b4,c41 & end$ 9 ! defeat ( ,a!ns & ! loss ( h] m>itime supremacy4 ,,vi4 #a4 ,alex&] ,,iii4 7#cef-cbc ,b4,c471 surnam$ ! ,great1 asc5d$ ! ?rone ( ,mac$onia on ! dea? ( 8 fa!r ,philip1 #ccf ,b4,c4 ,9 ! #ac ye>s ( 8 reign he conqu]$ ! great] "p ( ,ea/]n ,europe & ,asia ,m9or1 & m>*$ ev5 into ,nor!rn ,india & ,egypt4 ,! incid5t "h m5tion$ happ5$ 9 8 ,indian campaign4 ,9 #cbg he cross$ ! ,indus1 ent]$ ! ,punjaub1 defeat$ & captur$ ! ,indian k+ ,porus 9 a great battle on ! banks ( ! ,hydaspes1 & f\nd$ !re two t[ns--,bucephalon & ,nicaea4 ,he cont9u$ 8 progress z f> z ! banks ( ! ,hyphasis1 b "h 8 we>i$ troops mut9i$ & refus$ to advance any fur!r4 ,b-uc7eph7al-as 7b\kephalas1 b\s kephal71 'ox-head1' s call$ f ! bread? ( its =ehead4 #b4 emptum1 ',*>es has /at$ t x 0 b\ght = #ac tal5ts4' tal5tis1 abl4 ( price4 ,*>es 0 an (fic] at ,alex&]'s c\rt1 :o wrote a s]ies ( anecdotes ab\t ! life & exploits ( ! k+4 #c4 hoc autem1 ! ord] is hoc e/ no/ri a]is summa trec5ta duodecim se/]tia1 '?is is 9 7lit4 (7 our money ! sum 7(7 #cab se/]tia4' ,se/]tium #a1jjj se/]tii1 ab\t #h at ?is "t4 ,!re=e #cab se/]tia #cab x #h #b1dif4 ,= se/]tium cf4 xxxiii4 #b4 #f4 haud unquam1 etc41 'x nev] all[$ itself to be m\nt$ by any "o except ! k+4' #h4 fac]et1 subj4 aft] cum4 ,cum 7 :571 l o!r temporal conjunctions1 takes z a rule ! indic4 mood2 b ! subj4 is requir$ :5 ! "t ( ! cum clause is reg>d$ z dep5d+ on ! "t ( ! pr9cipal clause4 ,?is is usually ! case 9 pa/ "t1 h5ce ! rule is t cum 9 pa/ "t requires ! imp]f4 or plup4 subj41 unless 7#a7 x is us$ 9 a frequ5tative s5se1 e4g4 'z (t5 z' 7b lat] writ]s1 e4g4 ,livy1 (t5 use ! subj4 ev5 9 ?is s5se71 e4g4 cum palam ejus anuli ad palmam conv]t]at1 a nullo videbatur 7,cic4 ,(f471 'z (t5 z he turn$ ! bezel ( t r+ to 8 palm1 he 0 se5 by no "o1' cf4 xiv4 #g1 id cum dix]at1 'z (t5 z he _h said t'2 7#b7 x is simply equival5t to et tum1 e4g4 ca/ra ibi posita1 cum subito adv5]e ,samnitium legiones 7,livy71 '! camp _h be5 pit*$ !re1 :5 ! ,samnite legions sudd5ly arriv$'2 7#c7 ! two clauses m>k /rictly contemporane\s ev5ts1 tum be+ (t5 add$ 9 ! pr9cipal clause to m>k ?is fact1 e4g4 vos tum p>ui/is cum p>uit nemo 7,cic4 p4 ,lig4 #g71 'y 7 ob$i5t at a "t :5 no "o 7else7 0 ob$i5t4' #i4 non satis sibi provid5s1 ')\t suffici5t =e?\ght4' inmisit us$ absolutely1 i4e4 )\t an object2 ?is1 if express$1 w\ld be 'equum1' 'spurr$ x =w>d aga9/4' #aa4 moribundus4 ,! t]m9ation bundus1 or cundus1 d5otes fulness1 e4g4 vagabundus1 'w&]+'2 iracundus1 'wra?ful4' ,cf4 ,l4 ,prim]1 p4 #eh1 #gj ,e4 #ab4 e m$iis ho/ibus1 'f ! mid/ ( ! enemy4' ,9 _m phrases ! adj4 is us$ 9 ,lat9 :]e 9 ,engli% we use a sub/4 ) ano!r sub/4 dep5d+ on x1 & vice v]sa3 e4g4 summus mons1 '! top ( ! m\nta9'2 b animi dolor1 'm5tal pa9'2 cf4 v4 #c1 sol ori5s4 #ad4 dom9i iam sup]/itis securus1 'reliev$ f anxiety = its ma/]1 n[ safe4' ,= ! g5itive dom9i aft] securus1 cf4 s-ec-ur7a f7ut-uri1 ,ovid2 s-ec-urus p7el7agi atque mei1 ,v]g4 ,,vii4 #a4 ,alcibiades4 ,cf4 iv4 #d4 note4 ,p]icles 0 a great ,a!nian /atesman4 ,he 0 born ab\t #dij ,b4,c4 7! ye> ( ! battle ( ,m>a?on71 & fir/ took "p 9 public affairs 9 #dfi1 :5 ,a!ns 0 beg9n+ to develop rapidly aft] ! ,p]sian w>s4 ,f ?is "t till 8 dea? 9 #dbi he 0 ! recognis$ lead] ( ! democratic p>ty4 ,"u 8 guidance ,a!ns became ! mo/ p[]ful /ate & ! mo/ beautiful city 9 ,greece4 7avunc7ulus 7dem9utive ( 7avus1 a gr&fa!r7 is an uncle on ! "m's side--a "m's bro!r2 p7atruus 7p7-at]71 an uncle on ! fa!r's side--a fa!r's bro!r4 #c4 pu]um doc5dum curavit1 '_h ! boy educat$4' ,?is use ( ! g]undive 9 a f9al s5se1 z 'an oblique pr$icate' ) ! direct object ( c]ta9 transitive v]bs1 e4g4 curo1 d1 suscipio1 etc41 is common 9 ,lat9 writ]s1 especially ,caes>4 ,cf4 pontem faci5dum curavit1 'he _h a bridge made'2 agros eis habit&os d$it1 'he gave !m l&s to dwell 9'2 me d&um ad be/ias curavit 7xxx471 'he _h me giv5 to ! wild bea/s4' ,cf4 ,note xiii4 #a4 iv41 on ! ,g]undive4 #d4 can]e tibiis1 'to play on ! pipes4' ,bo? ,greeks & ,romans usually play$ on a d\ble pipe1 compos$ ( two in/rum5ts n unlike flageolets1 jo9$ at ! m\?-piece1 & spread+ out 9 ! =m ( a ,v2 h5ce ! plural tibiae4 ,tibia means orig9ally ! %9 bone1 & !n a musical in/rum5t1 pipes or flutes be+ at fir/ made ( bone4 ,,viii4 #a4 ,c4 ,fabricius ,lusc-inus 0 "o ( ! mo/ popul> h]oes 9 ,roman hi/ory4 ,he 0 reg>d$ z ! type ( ! old-fa%ion$ hone/ w>rior1 :o 0 pro( aga9/ ! luxury & corruption ( ! ris+ g5]ation4 ,9 8 fir/ consul%ip1 #bhb ,b4,c41 he defeat$ ! ,lucanians1 ,bruttians1 & ,samnites2 9 #bhj-bgh ,b4,c4 he s]v$ ) di/9ction aga9/ ,pyrrus 7cf4 xxvii474 ,! ,samnites 7 a p[]ful p liv+ to ! ea/ ( ,rome4 ,! ,romans fir/ came into contact ) !m 9 #cdc ,b4,c42 = #ej ye>s !re 0 w> betwe5 ! two nations2 at la/ ! ,samnites 7 conqu]$1 b !y /ill ma9ta9$ _! love ( fre$om1 & once m prov$ =midable oppon5ts to ,rome 9 ! ,social ,w>1 #ij ,b4,c4 #b4 memoratis 444 rebus1 abl4 absolute1 'aft] m5tion+ ! _m great s]vices :i* he _h r5d]$ 7rebus quae b5e fecisset7 to ! ,samnites aft] ! re/oration ( peace4444' #c4 po/ r$ditam pacem4 ,pax r$dita1 '! re/oration ( peace4' ,cf4 sol ori5s1 '! ris+ ( ! sun1' v4 #c4 note4 #d4 dono1 z a gift1 ! pr$icative dative1 or dative ( purpose us$ z a complem5t4 ,cf4 ,hor4 exitio e/ avidum m>e nautis1 '! gre$y sea is z a de/ruction to sailors4' #aa4 qu1 abl4 aft] usus1 '= :i* ,i h no use4' ,,ix4 #a4 ,hannibal1 ! fam\s g5]al ( ! ,c>?ag9ians 9 ! second ,punic w>1 0 born 9 #bdg ,b4,c4 ,9 #bah he began 8 m>* f ,spa9 into ,italy1 cross$ ! ,alps1 & defeat$ ! ,romans 9 ,n4 ,italy on ! ,tic9us & ! ,trebia2 !n foll[$ ! great victories at ,lake ,trasim5us1 #bag1 & ,cannae1 #baf4 ,9 #bjc ,hannibal 0 compell$ to return to ,africa to oppose ,scipio1 :o _h defeat$ ! ,c>?ag9ian troops & _! ally ,syphax4 ,a decisive battle 0 f\ght at ,zama1 ,octob] #ai?1 #bjb1 9 :i* ,scipio ga9$ a great victory ov] ,hannibal4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> peace 0 made4 ,hannibal n[ set to "w to prep>e ,c>?age = a fre% /ruggle1 b 8 political enemies d5\nc$ 8 designs to ! ,romans1 & he 0 compell$ 9 #aic ,b4,c4 to take refuge at ! c\rt ( ,antio*us ! ,great1 ,k+ ( ,syria1 :o 0 on ! eve ( w> ) ,rome4 ,on ! defeat ( ,antio*us ! surr5d] ( ,hannibal 0 made "o ( ! conditions ( peace2 b he fl$ to ,prusias1 ,k+ ( ,bi?ynia1 #ahh ,b4,c4 ,! ,romans /ill pursu$ him1 & s5t mess5g]s to ,prusias dem&+ 8 surr5d]4 ,fe>+ t ,prusias w\ld be unable to resi/ ?is dem&1 & n kn[+ :i!r to flee to escape ! v5geance ( 8 enemies1 he took poison1 #ahc ,b4,c4 #b4 +5tis4 ,! acc4 pl4 ( -i n\ns ( ! #crd decl4 v>ies 9 ! mss4 betwe5 --is1 -eis1 & -es4 ,all ?ree =ms seem to h be5 us$ till ! ,augu/an age1 aft] :i* p]iod ! =m 9 -es prevail$4 ,a nom4 pl4 also 9 -is & -eis is f\nd sometimes 9 ! mss4 ( ,plautus & ,lucretius & 9 old inscriptions4 populo ,romano1 dat4 ( ! ',remot] ,object' aft] facturus1 ! 'ne>] object' be+ bellum4 #d4 currus cum falcibus4 ,! :eels ( ^! *>iots 7 arm$ ) project+ scy!s or hooks1 :i* kept ! enemy at a di/ance1 or cut !m d[n1 z ! *>iote]s drove at full spe$ ?r\gh _! ranks4 ,^! w> *>iots 7 9 use among ! ,assyrians1 ,p]sians1 ,m$es1 & ,syrians 9 ,asia1 & 9 ,europe among ! ,gauls & ,britons4 ,"s h suppos$ t ^! are ! '*>iots ( iron' ref]r$ to 9 ! books ( ,jo%ua & ,judges2 b ,x5ophon 7,cyrop41 vi4 i4 #cj7 says t 'scy! *>iots' 7 n introduc$ into ,asia ,m9or till ! "t ( ,cyrus4 #e4 elephantos cum turribus1 small turrets plac$ on ! backs ( ! elephants1 & c>ry+ a few soldi]s4 #f4 fr5is4 ,! bits 7 sometimes made ( silv] & gold1 & ! bridles decorat$ ) jewels1 etc4 ephippiis4 ,! saddles 9 use among ,ea/]n nations1 ! ,greeks & ! ,romans1 consi/$ sometimes ( a m]e sk9 or clo?1 sometimes ( a wood5 frame1 ^u :i* padd$ clo?1 etc41 0 /ret*$2 f ei!r side clo?s hung d[n1 (t5 dy$ ) bright col\rs1 & decorat$ ) fr+es1 etc4 monilibus1 necklets us$ z ornam5ts = horses1 z well z = m5 & wom54 phal]is1 bosses ( metal atta*$ z ornam5ts to ! h>ness ( horses & ! arm\r ( m54 ,!y 7 sometimes hung z p5dants to ! horse's saddle1 & jangl$ l\dly z x *>g$ =w>d aga9/ ! enemy4 ,= ^! milit>y ornam5ts cf4 ! well-kn[n passage 9 ,v]g41 ,a54 vii4 #bgf-- ,omnibus extemplo ,teucris jubet ord9e duci ,in/ratos o/ro alip$es pictisque tapetis2 ,aurea pectoribus demissa monilia p5d5t2 ,tecti auro1 fulvum m&unt sub d5tibus aurum4 #g4 putasne4 ,cf4 ii4 #e4 note4 #h4 ,po5us 7,po57icus or ,p-un7icus71 prop]ly ,pho5ician1 b appli$ by ,roman writ]s especially to ! inhabitants ( ,c>?age1 :i* 0 f\nd$ ab\t #hej ,b4,c4 by ,pho5ician coloni/s1 :o came probably f ,tyre4 ,x4 #a4 ,milo 0 ! mo/ fam\s wre/l] 9 ,greece2 he 0 six times victor 9 wre/l+ at ! ,olympic games & sev5 times at ! ,py?ian games4 ,_m /ories are told ab\t 8 great /r5g?3 he is said to h c>ri$ a heif] f\r ye>s old on 8 %\ld]s ?r\gh ! /adium 7or race c\rse1 a di/ance ( ab\t #dj y>ds71 to h !n kill$ x ) a bl[ ( 8 fi/1 & eat5 ! :ole ( x ! same day4 ,he 0 a pupil ( ! great philosoph] ,py?agoras1 at ,crotona4 ,"o day ! pill> on :i* ! ro( ( ! s*ool re/$ sudd5ly gave way1 b ,milo support$ ! :ole weight ( ! build+1 & gave ! philosoph] & 8 disciples "t to escape4 ,crotona 0 a ,greek city on ! ,s4,e4 coa/ ( ,italy1 f\nd$ #gdj ,b4,c4 by ! ,a*aeans4 ,x became ! mo/ important city 9 ,s4 ,italy1 ow+ to its trade ) ! ,e4 ,m$it]ranean4 ,x atta9$ its greate/ p[] 9 #eaj by ! defeat ( its neighb\r & rival ,syb>is3 on ?is occasion ,milo comm&$ ! army ( ,crotona4 ,crotoni5sis4 ,note ! use ( ! adj4 :]e we employ a sub/4 & prep41 ',milo ( ,crotona'2 s pugna ,cann5sis 7xl4 #a471 '! ,battle ( ,cannae1' etc4 #c4 artem a?leticam desisset1 '_h giv5 up a?letics4' ,! acc4 aft] des9o is r>e1 & *iefly poetical2 b ,cic]o 7,fam4 vii4 #a4 #d7 uses artem des9]e4 #e4 rimis 9 p>te m$i hiantem1 lit4 'gap+ op5 ) cracks 9 ! middle4' #f4 an ullae 444 adess5t4 ,adess5t is ! subj4 aft] ! dep5d5t int]rogative ^w an2 ! con/ruction is call$ ! ,indirect or ,dep5d5t ,"q1 ,int]rogatio ,obliqua4 ,?us ':o are y8' is 'quis es8' b ',i ask y :o y are' is 'int]rogo quis sis4' ullae4 ,quisquam 7pron\n7 & ullus 7adjective7 are us$ = 'any' 9 comp>ative & negative s5t5ces1 9 que/ions expect+ ! answ] ,no1 & 9 hypo!tical s5t5ces4 #aa4 r$iit 9 naturam1 'return$ to its natural 7i4e4 =m]7 position4' #ab4 f]is1 dat4 aft] praebuit1 'gave ! man to ! bea/s to te> to pieces4' ,= ?is use ( ! g]undive cf4 xiii4 #a4 note4 ,,xi4 #a4 ,romae1 'at ,rome1' ! locative case4 ,?is case1 :i* _h almo/ di$ out 9 classical ,lat91 orig9ally end$ 9 -i = ! s+ul> & -s = ! plural4 ,9 "s =ms x /ill surviv$1 viz41 7#a7 9 su* words z militiae 7e>li] militiai71 belli1 '9 ! field1' 'at ! w>'2 domi1 at home2 humi1 'on ! gr\nd'2 vesp]i 7or -e71 '9 ! ev5+'2 ruri1 '9 ! c\ntry'2 luci1 '9 ! light'2 & ! adv]bs ubi1 '9 :i* place'2 ibi1 '9 t place1' etc42 7#b7 9 ! names ( t[ns--,romae 7e>li] ,romai71 'at ,rome'2 ,t>5ti1 'at ,t>5tum'2 ,c>?ag9i 7or ,c>?ag9e71 'at ,c>?age1' etc42 7#c7 9 su* phrases z animi angor1 ',i am vex$ 9 m9d'2 maturus aevi1 'advanc$ 9 age1' etc4 ,curiam4 ,! ^w ,curia is connect$ ) ,c7ures1 ! *ief t[n ( ! ,sab9es1 & ,qu7ir-ites 7or ,c7ur-ites71 ! inhabitants ( ,c7ures4 ,x orig9ally d5ot$ "o ( ! #cj divisions into :i* ! ,romans & ,sab9es 7 divid$ :5 !y unit$ 9 "o community4 ,! ^w 0 !n appli$ to ! build+ us$ = ! religi\s s]vice ( a ,curia1 & aft]w>ds especially to ! build+ 9 :i* ! ,s5ate met4 #b4 praetextatis1 i4e4 we>+ ! toga praetexta1 a :ite toga ) a broad purple bord]1 worn "u ! ,republic by ! high] magi/rates1 by p]sons engag$ 9 pay+ v[s1 & by free-born *ildr54 ,x is said to h be5 adopt$ f ! ,etruscans1 & made ! royal robe by ,tullus ,ho/ilius2 & to h be5 worn ) ! bulla by boys aft] ! reign ( ,t>qu9ius ,priscus1 ^: son at ! age ( f\rte5 slew an enemy ) 8 own h& 9 ! ,sab9e w>1 & 0 all[$ z a rew>d to we> ! royal robe4 maior1 m important ?an usual4 #d4 placuitque ut eam rem ne quis4444 ',x 0 resolv$ t no "o %\ld m5tion ! matt] until a decision _h be5 arriv$ at' 7lit4 until x _h be5 decre$74 ut 444 ne quis1 or ne quis1 't no "o1' is always us$ 9 a f9al s5t5ce in/ead ( ut nemo2 s ne quid1 ne ullus1 & ne unquam1 in/ead ( ut nihil1 ut nullus1 ut nunquam4 ,! indef9ite pron\n quis is1 z a rule1 us$ = 'any' or '"s' 9 relative s5t5ces1 & aft] si1 nisi1 num1 ne1 & cum2 b aliquis is sometimes f\nd aft] si1 m r>ely aft] ne4 #e4 decreta esset4 ,! subj4 is requir$1 because ?is is a dep5d5t s5t5ce =m+ "p ( ! ,oratio ,obliqua aft] placuit4 #g4 egiss5t1 subj4 aft] ! dep5d5t int]rogative quidnam4 ,cf4 x4 #f4 note4 ,= ! same reason vid]etur1 l9e #aa1 is 9 subj4 #i4 lepidi m5dacii consilium capit1 'be?\ght himself ( an amus+ falsehood4' #aj4 utrum 444 unusne 444 an4444 ,! -ne is 'pleona/ic1' i4e4 m ?an is requir$1 = ! s5t5ce w\ld be complete )\t x--utrum vid]etur utilius ut unus 444 an 7vid]etur utilius7 ut una4444 ,?is idiom is *iefly ante-classical 7f\nd (t5 9 ,plautus71 b ,cic]o uses x1 'e/ etiam illa di/9ctio1 utrum illudne non videatur aegre f]5dum 444 an 444' 7,cic4 ,tusc4 iv4 #bg1 #ei74 ,translate ',he said ! ,s5ate _h discuss$ :e!r x seem$ m useful & advantage\s to ! ,/ate t "o man %\ld h two wives1 or t "o woman %\ld be m>ri$ to two m54' ,,xii4 #c4 matrum familias1 g54 plur4 ( mat] familias4 ,:5 familia is comp\nd$ ) pat]1 mat]1 filius1 & filia1 ! old g54 s+4 familiz is usually f\nd1 b familiae also is frequ5tly us$ by ,cic]o & o!r writ]s1 by ,livy always4 ,9 ,sallu/ & lat] writ]s ev5 patres famili>um is f\nd4 #d4 una potius 444 duae4 ,! ord] is ut una 7uxor7 nupta fi]et duobus viris potius quam ut duae 7uxores nuptae fi]5t7 uni 7viro74 #f4 esset1 vellet1 subj4 aft] ! dept4 int]rogatives quae & quid2 s in/itisset & dixisset4 ,cf4 x4 #f4 note4 quid sibi po/ulatio i/aec vellet1 ':at t dem& ( !irs meant4' ,quid sibi res vult1 ':at does ! ?+ mean8' lit4 ':at does x wi% = itself8' ':at is its object or drift8' s quid tibi vis1 ':at d y mean1 or want8' &1 m r>ely1 quid mihi volo1 ':at d ,i mean1 or want8' ,,xiii4 #a4 ,s]torius 0 a ,roman g5]al1 :o fir/ di/+ui%$ himself 9 ,gaul4 ,on ! outbreak ( civil w> 9 #hh ,b4,c4 betwe5 ,m>ius & ,sulla he jo9$ ! =m]4 ,at fir/ ! ,sullan p>ty 7 victori\s1 b :5 _! lead] w5t to ! ,ea/ to fight aga9/ ,mitridates !y 7 defeat$1 & f #hg-hb ! ,m>ian p>ty 7 supreme4 ,9 #hc 7or1 accord+ to ano!r writ]1 #hb7 ,s]torius 0 s5t to ,spa9 z gov]nor 9 ! ,m>ian int]e/4 ,f9d+ himself unable to hold 8 gr\nd aga9/ ! ,sullan g5]als1 he cross$ to ,africa1 & ga9$ v>i\s successes !re4 ,! ,lusitani1 :o inhabit$ ! we/]n "p ( ! ,spani% p59sula1 !n invit$ him to become _! lead] aga9/ ! ,romans4 ,he return$ ) a small =ce ( #b1fjj m51 "o ?ird ( :om 7 ,libyans1 & !n by 8 extraord9>y influ5ce ov] ! natives1 & 8 great p[]s ( organisation1 succe$$ 9 =m+ an army :i* = ye>s set at defiance e ef=t made by ! g5]als ( ! ,sullan p>ty1 :i* 0 n[ 9 ! asc5dant4 ,9 #gf ,pompeius 0 s5t to ,spa9 ) a l>ge army to re9=ce ! ,sullan g5]als1 b = five ye>s m ,s]torius held 8 gr\nd4 ,at la/1 9 #gb ,b4,c41 he 0 assass9at$ by ,p]p]na & o!r ( 8 own ,roman (fic]s1 :o 7 jeal\s ( 8 p[]4 et ut5di et reg5di ex]citus1 ! g]undial attraction4 ,:5 an object is express$ aft] a g]und1 ! con/ruction call$ ! g]undial1 or g]undival attraction is pref]r$4 ,9 ?is con/ruction ! object is attract$ 7if x diff]s7 into ! case ( ! g]und1 & ! g]und1 tak+ adjectival inflections 7& !n call$ ! g]undive71 is made to agree adjectivally ) ! object 9 numb] & g5d]4 ,examples3-- a4 ,! ,acc41 praemisit milites ad ,gallos insequ5dos1 'he s5t ! soldi]s =w>d to pursue ! ,gauls4' b4 ,! ,g541 caus urbis del5dae1 '= ! sake ( de/roy+ ! city4' c4 ,! ,dat41 bello g]5do me praefeci/is1 'y plac$ me 9 comm& ( ! managem5t ( ! w>4' d4 ,! ,abl41 9 ve/igiis p]sequ5dis op]am consumpsi1 ',i sp5t lab\r 9 foll[+ _! tracks4' ,! ,g]undival ,attraction is ( c\rse only us$ ) transitive v]bs :i* gov]n a direct object 9 ! acc4 case4 ,! words fungor1 fruor1 utor1 vescor1 potior are exceptions2 !y are us$ bo? 9 ?is con/ruction & 9 ! con/ructions expla9$ 9 ii4 & iii4 bel[1 because !y 7 orig9ally transitive1 & gov]n$ an acc4 ,! g]unds & g]undives are ! sub/antival & adjectival =ms respectively ( a p>ticiple 9 -ndus4 ,"u ! g]und are includ$ ! sub/antival =ms 9 -ndum1 -ndi1 -ndo2 "u ! g]undive ! full adjectival decl5sion 9 -ndus1 a1 um1 etc4 ,! uses ( ! g]und & g]undive may be divid$ "u f\r head+s4 i4 ,by its oblique cases ! g]und 7& ! g]undive 9 ! con/ruction m5tion$ above--! 'g]undival attraction'7 completes ! active inf9ite v]b n\n1 :i* is only us$ 9 ! nom4 & acc41 e4g4 haec ad iudic&um sunt facillima1 '^! matt]s are v easy to decide'2 amor ag5di1 can5di1 etc41 'love ( act+1 s++1' etc42 caus ag5di1 '= ! sake ( act+'2 aqua utilis bib5do1 'wat] useful = dr9k+'2 m5s alitur disc5do1 '! m9d is n\ri%$ by le>n+4' ii4 ,! nom4 7& 9 oratio obliqua ! acc47 ( ! g]und is us$ intransitively ) p>ts ( ! v]b sum 7e/1 erat1 fuit1 esse1 etc471 z an imp]sonal v]b to d5ote necessity1 duty1 or suitability1 e4g4 nunc e/ bib5dum1 'n[ x is "r to dr9k'1 eundum e/1 '!re is a necessity to g'2 p>5dum e/ legibus1 'x is necess>y to be ob$i5t to ! laws4' ,! p]son on :om ! duty falls is express$ by ! dat4 case1 ! ',dative ( ! ,ag5t1' except aft] v]bs :i* gov]n a dative2 aft] ^!1 to avoid ambiguity1 ! ag5t is express$ by a or ab ) ! abl41 e4g4 eundum e/ mihi1 ',i mu/ g1' b p>5dum e/ ei a te1 'y mu/ obey him'4 iii4 ,! g]undive is us$ 7#a7 p]sonally z a v]b1 usually ) a passive signification1 e4g4 aqua bib5da e/1 'wat] ought to be drunk'2 7#b7 z a m]e epi!t1 e4g4 rid5da poemata1 'poems to be laugh$ at4' iv4 ,! acc4 ( ! g]undive is us$ 9 a f9al s5se z an oblique pr$icate1 or complem5t1 agree+ ) ! direct object ( c]ta9 transitive v]bs--curo1 d1 suscipio1 habeo1 etc41 e4g4 ,caes> pontem faci5dum curavit1 ',caes> _h a bridge made'2 agros eis habit&os d$it1 'he gave !m ! l&s to dwell 94' ,cf4 vii4 #c4 note4 #h4 usui1 pr$icative dative or dat4 ( purpose4 ,cf4 dono1 viii4 #d4 note4 memoria1 etc4 ,! ord] is memoria prodita e/ nem9em ex 8 nationibus1 quae cum ,s4 faciebant 7':o s]v$ ) ,s]torius'71 cum multis proeliis sup]atus esset 7'al?\gh he _h be5 defeat$ 9 _m battles'71 unquam ab eo descivisse4 #i4 nem9em4 ,! g54 ( ?is ^w1 nem9is1 is only f\nd 9 writ]s be=e ,cic]o1 ! abl4 nem9e 9 late writ]s 7e4g4 ,tacitus & ,suetonius71 & once 9 ,plautus2 ! plural is n us$4 ,h5ce we h ,nom41 nemo1 nulli1 etc4 ,acc41 nem9em1 nullos1 etc4 ,g541 nullius1 nullorum1 etc4 ,dat41 nem9i1 nullis4 ,abl41 nullo or null1 nullis4 ,,xiv4 #a4 alba4 ,albus is a dull :ite z oppos$ to at]1 dull black2 c&idus1 %9+ :ite1 oppos$ to nig]1 %9+ black4 eximiae pul*ritud9is et cel]itatis1 g5itives ( quality4 #b4 dono1 pr$icative dat41 or dat4 ( purpose4 ,cf4 dono1 viii4 #d4 note4 #e4 factu1 ! sup9e 9 -u1 us$ z an abl4 ( respect4 ,cf4 fo$um dictu e/1 'x is horrible to /ate' 7lit4 '9 ! say+'71 & xxiv4 #b1 utilia monitu suasuque4 quid1 ! indef4 pron42 s cui1 l9e #ac4 ,= its use aft] si cf4 xi4 #d4 note4 #g4 dix]at1 indic4 aft] cum 9 a frequ5tative s5se1 ':5ev] he _h said t4' ,cf4 vi4 #h4 note4 #aj4 9 fugam se proripuit1 'took to ha/y flight4' #ah4 consu]at1 indic41 because x is n "p ( :at ,s]torius said1 b a /atem5t made by ! au?or4 quod opus esset facto1 ':at _h to be done4' ,facto is ! abl4 ( ! p]f4 "p4 pass42 = ?is use cf4 maturato1 prop]ato opus e/1 '!re is ne$ ( ha/e'2 & ! simil> con/ruction ) ! abl4 ( ! sup9e1 dictu opus e/ 7,t]5ce71 'x is necess>y to speak'2 quod scitu opus e/ 7,cic]o71 ':at has to be kn[n4' ,,xv4 ,t>qu9ius ,sup]bus1 accord+ to tradition1 0 ! sev5? & la/ ( ! ,roman k+s 7#ece-eaj ,b4,c471 ! o!rs be+ ,romulus1 ,numa ,pompilius1 ,tullus ,ho/ilius1 ,ancus ,m>tius1 ,t>qu9ius ,priscus1 ,s]vius ,tullius4 #a4 ,libris ,sibyll9is4 ,little is kn[n ab\t ! fam\s ,sibyll9e books4 ,!y 7 probably d]iv$ f ,cumae 9 ,campania1 ! seat ( a celebrat$ oracle4 ,at ,rome !y 7 kept 9 a /one *e/ 7sacr>ium7 b5ea? ! temple ( ,jupit] ,capitol9us1 "u ! *>ge ( c]ta9 (fic]s 7qu9decimviri71 & consult$ only by ! special comm& ( ! ,s5ate4 ,9 #hb ,b4,c4 ?is temple 0 burnt & ! books de/roy$4 ,a fre% collection ( oracles 0 made by ambassadors s5t to ! *ief cities ( ,italy1 ,greece1 & ,asia ,m9or4 ,:5 ! temple 0 rebuilt ^! 7 deposit$ 9 ! same place1 b _m spuri\s prophetic books1 purport+ to be ,sibyll9e oracles1 seem to h got into circulation at ,rome1 & sev]al revisions ( ! books 7 ord]$ f "t to "t4 ,*ri/ian writ]s frequ5tly appeal to ! ,sibyll9e oracles z conta9+ prophecies ( ! ,messiah4 #b4 hospita1 fem99e =m ( hospes4 ,cf4 anti/es & sac]dos1 prie/1 anti/ita & sac]dota 79 inscriptions71 prie/ess1 sospes & sospita1 savi\r1 etc4 #d4 eos velle v5d]e1 '7%e said7 t %e wi%$ to sell !m4' #f4 nimium atque inm5sum1 #cjj pieces ( gold1 accord+ to "o =m ( ! leg5d4 quasi 444 desip]et4 ,quasi1 'z if1' introduc+ a /atem5t :i* is n a fact1 naturally gov]ns ! subj41 'z if %e 7 mad' 7b %e 0 n74 ,9 s5t5ces ( comp>ison introduc$ by su* conjunctions z tanquam1 ceu1 quasi1 velut1 etc41 ! subj4 is usually f\nd1 because ! /atem5t is usually n true2 b :5 ! /atem5t is a fact ! indic4 is employ$1 e4g4 ,fuit olim1 quasi nunc ego sum1 s5ex 7,plautus74 ,frequ5tly quasi1 etc41 are us$1 n z conjunctions introduc+ ! s5t5ce1 b adv]bially ) a s+le ^w2 9 su* cases !y d n affect ! mood1 e4g4 s]vis respublica et quasi civitas domus e/ 7,pl4 ,ep4 viii4 #af71 'to slaves _! home is a /ate1 &1 z x 71 a city4' ,cf4 xviii4 #e1 quasi consultans cum ,jove4 #g4 foculum4 ,f7oc7ulus1 dem9utive( f7ocus 7a he>?74 ,cf4 r7iv7ulus1 a rivulet1 & rivus1 a riv]4 #i4 vellet1 subj4 aft] ! dep5d5t int]rogative ecquid4 ,cf4 x4 #f4 note4 #aj4 s$ enim1 'b inde$4' ,cf4 ! use ( all gr 9 ,greek4 #ad4 ore 444 fit1 'n[ becomes s]i\s & m att5tive' 7lit4 '( a s]i\s c\nt5ance & m att5tive m9d'74 ,ore & animo are ablatives ( quality4 #ai4 nusquam loci1 'n[h]e 9 ! _w4' ,! g5itives loci1 locorum1 g5tium & t]r>um are frequ5tly us$ ) adv]bs ( place--ubi1 quo1 unde1 usquam1 nusquam1 etc41 e4g4 ubi t]r>um sumus 7,cic471 ':]e on e>? are we8' ,,xvi4 #a4 ,publius ,cornelius ,scipio ,africanus ,maior 0 born 9 #bcd ,b4,c4 ,he is fir/ m5tion$ 9 #bah ,b4,c4 at ! battle ( ! ,tic9us 7cf4 ix4 #a4 note71 9 :i* he is said to h sav$ ! life ( 8 fa!r ,p4 ,scipio4 ,he f\ght at ,cannae1 #baf1 & 0 *os5 ) ,app4 ,claudius to comm& ! rema9s ( ! ,roman army aft] t great disa/]4 ,9 #bab he 0 unanim\sly elect$ a$ile4 ,:5 ! tribunes object$ to ! election1 because he 0 "u ! legal age1 he repli$1 ',if all ! ,quirites wi% to make me a$ile1 ,i am old en\gh4' ,9 #baj1 at ! age ( tw5ty-f\r1 he 0 appo9t$ to comm& ! army 9 ,spa91 hav+ come =w>d z a c&idate = ! po/ :i* all ! old g5]als fe>$ to accept4 ,by #bjg he _h conqu]$ almo/ ! :ole ( t c\ntry f ! ,c>?ag9ians4 ,9 #bje he 0 elect$ consul4 ,he 0 anxi\s to cross ov] to ,africa & end ! w> by a bl[ at ,c>?age itself1 b ! ,s5ate1 p>tly f jeal\sy1 p>tly f timidity1 oppos$ 8 plans & w\ld only grant him ! prov9ce ( ,sicily1 ) p[] to cross ov] to ,africa if he ?\ght x 9 ! int]e/s ( ! ,/ate2 b ?is p]mission !y endeav\r$ to r5d] useless by refus+ him an army4 ,volunte]s h[ev] flock$ f e "p ( ,italy to 8 /&>d1 & 9 #bjd he 0 able to l& 9 ,africa ) a l>ge =ce4 ,9 #bjc he defeat$ ,hasdrubal & 8 ally ,syphax1 & 9 #bjb br\ght ! second ,punic w> to an end by a great victory at ,zama ov] ,hannibal1 :o _h be5 recall$ f ,italy4 ,9 #bja peace 0 made1 & ,scipio1 return+ to ,rome1 receiv$ ! agnom5 ,africanus1 & 0 ov]:elm$ ) e m>k ( hon\r4 ,9 #aij he s]v$ z legate "u 8 bro!r1 ,lucius ,scipio ,asiaticus1 9 ! w> aga9/ ,antio*us 7cf4 ix4 & xvii47 ,on _! return ! accusations m5tion$ 9 xvi4 & xvii4 7 made aga9/ ! bro!rs4 ,9 #ahe ,scipio retir$ into private life1 & di$ soon aft]w>ds1 probably 9 #ahc4 #a4 tribunus plebis4 ,! tribuni plebis 7 appo9t$ 9 #did1 aft] ! secession to ,mons ,sac]1 to protect ! plebeians aga9/ ! patrician magi/rates4 ,at fir/ !y 7 two 9 numb]1 aft]w>ds !y 7 increas$ to t54 #c4 ut condicionibus1 etc41 't peace might be made ) him 7i4e4 ,antio*us7 on fav\rable conditions 9 ! "n ( ! ,roman p4' #g4 diem esse hodi]num1 't ?is is ! day on :i* 444' 7lit4 't x is to-day on :i* 444'74 #i4 proelio4 ,! battle ( ,zama1 ,oct4 #ai?1 #bjb ,b4,c4 #aa4 simus1 'let u n be ungrateful !re=e to ! gods4444' #ab4 c5seo1 us$ p>5!tically1 ',i propose4' ,cf4 quaeso1 ii4 #d4 #ac4 gratulatum1 ! sup9e 9 -um1 us$ to express purpose aft] ! v]b ( motion1 eamus4 #ag4 a$es1 9 s+41 a 'temple' 7a s+le room71 9 ! plur41 a 'h\se' 7a collection ( rooms74 ,z di/+ui%$ f templum1 a$es is a simple build+ )\t division into rooms2 templum is a l>ge edifice consi/+ ( _m rooms1 consecrat$ by ! augurs1 & belong+ (t5 to sev]al deities4 #ah4 sollemni4 ,sollemnis1 f sollus 7cf4 holos1 salvus71 :ole2 prop4 tak+ place e ye>1 'e/abli%$1' especially ( fe/ivals2 !n1 ) ! religi\s =ce pr$om9at+1 'religi\s1' 'fe/ive1' 'solemn4' ,,xvii4 #b4 ,m4 ,porcius ,cato1 kn[n z ! ,c5sor 7#bcd-adi71 fir/ di/+ui%$ himself 9 ! second ,punic w>2 9 #bjd-c he s]v$ z ,quae/or to ,scipio ,africanus 9 ,sicily & ,africa4 ,f ?is "t =w>d he became ! decl>$ enemy ( ! ,scipios & _! fri5ds1 :o 7 introduc+1 he said1 into ,rome ! luxury & ref9em5t ( deg5]ate ,greece & ru9+ ! simple & hone/ ,roman "*4 ,he s]v$ ) di/9ction 9 ,spa91 #aie-d1 & aga9/ ,antio*us1 #aia4 ,9 #ahd he 0 c5sor1 & appli$ himself /r5u\sly1 b 9 va91 to /em ! tide ( ,greek luxury4 ,he 0 "o ( ! ambassadors s5t to ,africa to arbitrate betwe5 ,mas9issa & ! ,c>?ag9ians1 & 0 s /ruck by ! fl\ri%+ condition ( ,c>?age1 t on 8 return he insi/$ t1 :il/ t city exi/$1 ,rome w\ld nev] be safe4 ,:5ev] he 0 call$ ^u = 8 vote 9 ! ,s5ate1 :atev] ! subject be=e ! h\se 01 he always conclud$ 8 rem>ks by ',& ,i fur!r am ( op9ion t ,c>?age mu/ be de/roy$ 7del5dam esse ,c>?ag9em74' ,! ?ird ,punic w>1 :i* broke out soon aft] 8 dea?1 0 l>gely due to 8 influ5ce4 #e4 ,l4 ,cornelius ,scipio ,asiaticus s]v$ "u 8 bro!r ,africanus 9 ,spa91 & 9 #aij defeat$ ,antio*us at ,m\nt ,sipylus4 ,cf4 xvi4 #a4 #c4 comp>ati 9 eum4 ,comp>>e hom9em 9 aliquem is ! regul> phrase = procur+ a man to attack ano!r4 ',hav+ be5 set ^u him4444' #d4 pecuniae 444 rationem r$d]et1 'to give an acc\nt ( ! money paid by ,antio*us1 & ! spoil4444' #i4 allatum1 i4e4 dixit librum allatum esse1 'he said t x _h be5 br\ght4' #aj4 a]>ium1 ! public treasury at ,rome1 9 :i*1 besides ! ,/ate treasure1 ! /&>ds ( ! legions & copies ( all decrees ( ! ,s5ate 7 kept4 ,aft] ! expulsion ( ! k+s ! ,temple ( ,saturn1 at ! head ( ! ,=um1 0 us$ = ?is purpose4 #aj4 s$ enim1 'b inde$4' ,cf4 xv4 #aj4 #aa4 nec me ipse afficiam contumeli1 'nor w ,i insult myself ) my own lips 7ipse74' #ab4 coram1 'be=e _! eyes4' #ac4 quod cui4 ,! ord] is quod ab eo ratio pra$ae posc]etur1 cui salus 444 deb]et1 'indignant t an acc\nt ( ! booty 0 dem&$ f a man1 to :om ! safety ( ! ,/ate & con/itution ought to be ascrib$4' ,acceptum aliquid ref]re alicui1 lit4 'to put d[n a ?+ z receiv$ to a man's acc\nt1' 'to cr$it him ) x'2 a metaphor f bank+4 ,,xviii4 #b4 ,scipio ,africanus 0 unque/ionably "o ( ! greate/ m5 ( ,rome1 & he acquir$ at an e>ly age ! confid5ce & admiration ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,8 en?usia/ic m9d l$ him to believe t he 0 a special fav\rite ( ! gods2 & he nev] engag$ 9 any public or private bus9ess )\t fir/ go+ to ! ,capitol1 :]e he sat "s "t alone1 enjoy+ communication f ! gods4 ,= all he propos$ or execut$ he alleg$ ! div9e approval2 & ! ,roman p gave cr$it to 8 ass]tions1 & reg>d$ him z a be+ almo/ sup]ior to ! common race ( m54 ,!re c be no d\bt t ,scipio believ$ himself 9 ! div9e revelations1 :i* he ass]t$ to h be5 v\*saf$ to him1 & ! extraord9>y success :i* att5d$ all 8 ent]prises mu/ h deep5$ ?is belief4--,smi?'s ,classical ,diction>y4 #c4 noctis extremo1 'at ! end ( night4' ,! neut] extremum is us$ z a sub/antive1 mean+ '! end4' ,cf4 extremo anni1 ,livy1 xxxv4 #aa4 #a2 sub extremum noctis1 ,sil4 #d4 #hh4 #d4 v5tit>e4 ,v5tito is ! frequ5tative =m ( v5io4 ,frequ5tative or it]ative v]bs d5ote repeat$ action3 !y are ( ! fir/ conjugation1 & =m$ by add+ -to1 -s1 -ito1 or -itor to ! sup9e /em1 or1 m r>ely1 to ! clipt /em1 z c-to1 ',i s+ (t5'2 cur-s1 ',i run (t5'2 rog-ito1 ',i ask (t5'2 m9-itor1 ',i ?reat5 (t5'2 haes-ito1 ',i /ick fa/4' ,sometimes "o frequ5tative v]b is =m$ f ano!r1 z cant-ito f canto4 ac iub]e 444 ,iovis1 '& to ord] ! temple ( ,jupit] to be op5$4' #e4 quasi consultans4 ,cf4 xv4 #f4 note4 #g4 id temporis4 ,= ?is 'g5itive ( ! ?+ measur$1' dep5d+ on a neut] pron\n1 express+ quantity1 h5ce (t5 call$ ! 'p>titive g5itive1' cf4 aliquid v]i1 falsi2 id aetatis2 nihil reliqui fac]e1 'to leave no?+ undone' 7,caes472 quantum m]c$is 7xxxii4 #ag472 si quid rem$ii 7xxxiv4 #h471 & su* phrases z navium quod ubique fu]at 9 unum locum coeg]ant 7,caes474 ,id 9 ?is phrase is 9 ! accusative4 ,simil> adv]bial accusatives are--hoc noctis1 magnam p>tem1 suam vicem1 multum1 etc4 ,! use ( ! acc4 has aris5 f an ext5d$ use ( ! cognate acc4 aft] intransitive v]bs 7e4g4 s]vire s]vitatem1 dormire noctem1 dol]e aliquid1 etc474 quod 9 eum solum 444 incurr]5t1 ! ord] is a$itumi 444 admirati1 quod canes1 semp] 9 alios saevi5tes1 neque latr>5t neque incurr]5t 9 eum solum id temporis 9 ,capitolium +r$i5tem1 'because he 0 ! only man :o ent]$ ! temple at t "t1 at :om ! dogs1 t always attack$ o!rs1 did n b>k & fly4' #ad4 re cib>ia copiosum1 'well suppli$ ) provisions4' #ae4 eius potiundi4 ,g]undival attraction1 cf4 xiii4 #a4 note4 #af4 ius dicebat1 'he 0 adm9i/]+ ju/ice1' ! te*nical t]m4 #ah4 9 iure />e1 or esse1 'to /&1' 'pres5t oneself be=e a magi/rate'2 9 ius ire1 'to g be=e a magi/rate4' #ai4 vadimonium promitt]e1 to promise or give security 7bail7 = a man's appe>ance1 '= :at day & :at place' 7i4e4 = 8 appe>ance on :at day & place7 'he w\ld ord] security to be giv54' iub]et1 subj4 aft] ! dep5d5t int]rog4 quem4 ,cf4 x4 #f4 note4 #ba4 sese1 object4 ( si/]e1 'ord]$ him to pres5t himself on ! ?ird day 9 yond] place4' #bb4 atque ita factum1 '& s x happ5$4' vad>i4 ,vador aliquem ',i b9d a man ov] by bail'3 ! object4 ( vad>i "h is militem2 on ! ?ird day1 on :i* he _h ord]$ 7!m7 to b9d 7! man7 ov] to appe>4 ,,xix4 #a4 capite4 ,caput d5otes ! legal /atus ( a citiz53 he lo/ x z mu* if he 7 /ruck (f ! roll ( citiz5s z if 8 head 7 /ruck (f 8 %\ld]s 7,wilk9s1 ,r4 ,lit4 ,prim]74 ,i & two o!rs 7 try+ a fri5d on a capital *>ge4 #d4 ad casum 444 m$5dum1 'to rem$y s p]il\s a mis*ance4' #f4 ad condemn&um1 sc4 hom9em1 ',i gave my vote 9 sil5ce = condemn+ ! man4' ,,xx4 #a4 ,favor9us 0 a native ( ,arles1 9 ,gaul2 he 0 a fam\s philosoph]1 & resid$ at diff]5t p]iods ( 8 life 9 ,rome1 ,greece1 & ,asia ,m9or 7ab\t #aaj-acj ,a4,d474 #c4 ,curius4 ,m' ,curius ,d5tatus1 consul 9 #bij1 #bge1 & #bgd ,b4,c41 di/+ui%$ himself 9 ! ,samnite w>s4 ,he 0 a fav\rite h]o ( ! ,romans1 & celebrat$ z a type ( ! old-fa%ion$ virtue & frugality4 ,! ,samnites1 x is said1 once s5t an embassy to him ) co/ly gifts4 ,! mess5g]s f\nd ! great g5]al sitt+ by 8 he>?1 & roa/+ turnips4 ,!y pr(f]$ _! gifts1 b he reject$ !m1 say+ t he w\ld r rule ov] ^? :o possess$ gold ?an possess x himself4 #d4 ,fabricius4 ,cf4 viii4 #a4 note4 ,coruncanius1 consul #bfj ,b4,c41 f\ght ) success aga9/ ! ,etruscans & aga9/ ,pyrrus 7cf4 xxvii4 #a4 note72 he 0 also a di/+ui%$ lawy]1 & ! fir/ plebeian :o became ,pontifex ,maximus4 #e4 81 abl4 aft] ! comp>ative antiquiores4 antiquus1 '=m]1' 'anci5t1' is us$ ( :at has exi/$ 9 pa/ "t z oppos$ to novus1 :at has n previ\sly exi/$1 new4 ,vetus d5otes :at has exi/$ = a long "t1 old1 ag$1 oppos$ to r7ec5s1 :at has n exi/$ = long1 rec5t4 ,horatii4 ,! ?ree bro!rs ( ! ,horatian g5s1 :o1 accord+ to ! leg5d1 9 ! reign ( ,tullus ,ho/ilius1 f\ght aga9/ ! ,curiatii1 ?ree bro!rs f ,alba1 to det]m9e :e!r ,rome or ,alba 0 to ex]cise ! supremacy4 #f4 ,auruncorum1 etc41 g5itives dep5d+ ( v]bis1 'us$ ! language ( ! ,aurunci1' etc4 ,! ,aurunci1 ,sicani1 & ,pelasgi 7 old ,italian races4 #i4 quasi loqu>e4 ,cf4 xv4 #f4 note1 'quasi desip]et4' ,eu&ri4 ,! leg5d says t ,eu&]1 son ( ,h]mes & an ,arcadian nymph1 ab\t #fj ye>s be=e ! ,trojan w>1 l$ a ,pelasgian colony f ,arcadia 9 ,greece to ,italy1 & built ! t[n ( ,pallantium at ! foot ( ! ,palat9e hill4 ,v]gil repres5ts ,eu&] z /ill alive :5 ,a5eas came to ,italy4 7,a5eid1 viii4 #ea47 #aj4 abh9c multis annis1 '_m ye>s ago4' ,to express 'h[ long ago1' abh9c & ante are us$ ) ei!r abl4 or acc4 case4 ,cf4 abh9c tri5nium huc commigravit1 '%e came hi!r ?ree ye>s ago' 7,t]4 ,an4 i4 #gj74 #aa4 quae dicas1 'any?+ t y say4' ,! subj4 7a consecutive subjunctive7 aft] ! relative m>ks ! /atem5t z indef9ite2 quae dicis w\ld mean ! p>ticul> words :i* y are actually us+4 #ad4 sit1 subjunctive1 because a dep5d5t s5t5ce 9 ! oratio obliqua aft] ais4 #af4 ,c4 ,julius ,caes>1 ! ,dictator1 #ajj-dd ,b4,c4 ,?is quotation is f 8 lo/ "w ,de ,analogia1 writt51 x is said1 :5 he 0 cross+ ! ,alps4 #ah4 ut tamquam1 't y %\ld avoid a r>e ^w1 z 7y w\ld avoid7 a rock4' ,,xxi4 #a4 ,t4 ,manlius ,imp]iosus ,torquatus 0 ano!r ( ! fav\rite h]oes ( ,roman hi/ory4 ,8 exploit "h m5tion$ happ5$ 9 #cfa4 ,9 #cec & aga9 9 #cdi he 0 ,dictator2 9 #cdg1 #cdd1 & #cdj1 ,consul4 ,9 ?is la/ ye> ,torquatus & ,p4 ,decius ,mus ga9$ a great victory ov] ! ,lat9s ne> ,mt4 ,vesuvius1 & e/abli%$ ! ,roman supremacy 9 ,latium4 ,x 0 %ortly be=e ?is battle t ! disob$i5t act ( 8 son occurr$1 m5tion$ at ! end ( xxii4 #c4 torquis1 a 'twi/$ neck *a91' z oppos$ to monile 7cf4 ix4 #f71 :i* 0 made ( beads1 /ones1 etc41 /rung toge!r4 ex ho/e detractam induit1 'he _h tak5 f an enemy1 & put on himself4' ,a p>ticiple & v]b are frequ5tly us$ 9 ,lat9 :]e 9 ,engli% two v]bs are employ$1 e4g4 scripsit se pr(ectum cel]it] ad=e1 'he wrote 7to say7 t he _h set out & w\ld soon arrive4' #d4 fu]it1 subj4 aft] ! dep5d5t int]rogative quis4 ,cf4 x4 #f4 note4 #f4 cum 444 processit1 etc4 ,! indicative is us$ 9 pa/ "t aft] cum1 :5 ! conjunction is purely temporal1 & equival5t to et tum4 ,cf4 vi4 #h note4 #g4 nudus1 'un>m$4' ,nudus is us$ 9 _m s5ses besides its usual "o ( 'unclo!d1' 'nak$'3 e4g4 ')\t a toga1' i4e4 '9 a tunic only1' nudus ara1 s]e nudus 7,v]g4 ,g4 i4 #bii72 'uncov]$ by turf1' silex nuda 7,v]g4 ,e4 i4 #ae72 'leafless1' nudum nemus2 ')\t a g>rison1' urbs nuda praesidio 7,cic4 ,att4 vii4 #ac-a72 'de/itute1' nuda s5ectus 7,juv472 'unadorn$1' nuda oratio 7,cic471 etc4 #ab4 si quis 444 vellet1 uti prodiret1 't if any "o 0 will+ to fight him1 he %\ld /ep =w>d4' ,! t5ses are hi/oric1 because conclamant is ! hi/orical pres5t1 & !re=e equival5t to a pa/ t5se4 ,prim>y t5ses are sometimes us$ aft] a hi/oric pres5t1 b hi/oric t5ses are m common4 #ag4 scuto p$e/ri4 ,! scutum 0 an oblong or oval %ield 7#d ft4 by #b ft41 ,polybius71 made ( wood or wick]work4 ,x 0 borr[$ f ! ,sab9es & made ! %ield ( ! :ole ,roman army1 sup]s$+ ! l>ge circul> clipeus1 :5 ! ,roman soldi]s fir/ began to receive pay1 & to =m a p]man5t army in/ead ( an irregul> militia 7,livy1 viii4 #h4 etc474 c9ctus 9 ?is connection is prop]ly 'surr\nd$' ) a girdle to support a %ield or sword1 h5ce 'arm$ )4' ,,xxii4 #a4 metu magno1 'amid great anxiety4' ,an ablative ( mann]1 closely ak9 to ! ablative absolute4 #b4 sua discipl9a1 'accord+ to 8 cu/om1' i4e4 way ( fight+4 ,cf4 eadem nos discipl9a utimur1 'our habits are ! same' 7,plaut4 ,z4 i4 #c4 #di71 & discipl9a militiae1 bellica milit>is1 etc41 '! art ( w>4' #c4 cunctabundus4 ,cf4 moribundus1 vi4 #aa4 note4 ,! ,gaul /ood on ! al]t ready to p>ry a bl[1 & wait+ 8 opportunity4 ,manlius disconc]t$ him by sudd5ly da%+ him backw>ds4 #g4 eo pacto ei 444 1 etc41 '9 t way he got to close qu>t]s ) him 7ei successit7 "u 8 ,gallic sword1 & w\nd$ 8 *e/ ) 8 ,spani% sword 7sc4 gladio74' ,! ,spani% sword 0 a %ort weapon1 fitt$ = ?ru/+ & /abb+ at close qu>t]s2 ! ,gallic sword a mu* long] & heavi] weapon4 #i4 pectus hausit4 ,haurire ( a weapon 9 ! s5se ( 'w\nd+1' 'te>+ op51' is f\nd 9 ,lucretius1 ,v]gil1 & (t5 9 ,ovid3 probably ! sword1 etc41 is reg>d$ z dev\r+ ! fle% or dr9k+ ! blood 7,con+ton74 ,cf4 ,v]g4 ,a54 x4 #cac-- ,huic gladio p]que a]ea suta1 ,p] tunicam squal5tem auro1 latus haurit ap]tum4 ',) 8 sword1 ?r\gh braz5 coat ( mail & tunic /iff ) gold1 he w\nd$ 8 ungu>d$ side4' #ag4 speculatum4 ,! sup9e is -um1 express+ purpose aft] a v]b ( motion4 pugna int]dicta1 '?\gh he _h be5 =bidd5 to fight4' ,abl4 absolute4 ,,xxiii4 #a4 ,agrum ,pompt9um4 ,! ,ag] ,pompt9us 0 a l[ pla9 on ! coa/ ( ,latium1 betwe5 ,circeii & ,t]rac9a2 x 0 orig9ally a f]tile cornl&1 b aft] ! ?ird c5tury ,b4,c41 x became m & m m>%y1 till at la/ ! ,pompt9e m>%es 7 ! mo/ mal>i\s di/rict 9 ,italy4 ,!y 7 p>tially dra9$ f "t to "t1 b no p]man5t relief 0 af=d$ till ! "t ( ,pius ,,vi4 7#aggh74 ,! di/rict is /ill ! mo/ unheal?y 9 ,italy4 #c4 va/a proc]itate1 abl4 ( description4 armis auro fulg5tibus1 abl4 abs41 'a man ( enorm\s /ature1 ) arm\r gleam+ ) gold4' #e4 p] contemptum et sup]biam1 'scornfully & haughtily4' ,cf4 p] vim1 '=cibly1' etc4 #f4 v5ire iubet1 etc41 'bids anyone out ( ! :ole ,roman army :o d>es to fight1 to come =w>d & meet him1' lit4 'bids 7him7 come1 if anyone d>es4' ,aud]et is 9 hi/orical "t1 because iubet is ! hi/oric pres5t1 /&+ = a pa/ t5se4 ,cf4 xxi4 #ab4 note4 #h4 tribunus milit>is4 ,! tribuni militum1 or milit>es1 7 ! *ief (fic]s ( ! legion2 !re 7 orig9ally ?ree1 aft]w>ds six1 to ea* legion4 cet]is 444 ambiguis4 ,abl4 absol41 's9ce ! re/ hesitat$4' #aa4 progr$itur 444 obviam1 'advances to meet him4' #ac4 vis qua$am div9a fit1 'a miracle happ5s'3 lit41 a div9e p[] is manife/$4 #af4 laniabat 444 revolabat1 ! imp]fects d5ote repeat$ action4 #ba4 /atuam /atu5dam curavit1 '_h a /atue set up'3 = ?is use ( curo cf4 xiii4 #a4 #d4 note4 ,augu/us4 ,cf4 xxix4 #b4 note4 9 =o suo1 ! ',=um ,augu/i4' ,!re 7 ?ree great =a at ,rome1 ! ,f4 ,augu/i1 ! ,f4 ,magnum1 ,vetus1 or ,romanum1 & ! ,f4 ,julii4 #bc4 monim5tum1 9 apposition to simulacrum4 ,,xxiv4 #a4 ,aesopus liv$ ab\t #egj ,b4,c4 ,little is kn[n ab\t 8 life4 ,he 0 a slave1 b 0 fre$ by "o ( 8 ma/]s1 ,iadmon ( ,samos4 ,he is said to h visit$ ,croesus1 k+ ( ,lydia1 & ,pisi/ratus ( ,a!ns1 & to h be5 s5t by ! =m] to ,delphi to di/ribute a gift ( money among ! citiz5s4 ,a dispute h[ev] arose1 & he refus$ to give any ( ! money1 s ! angry m5 ( ,delphi ?rew him ov] a precipice4 ,lat] /ories1 )\t good au?ority1 repres5t him z de=m$4 e ,phrygia4 ,cotioeum 9 ,phrygia1 ,mesembria 9 ,?race1 ,samos1 & ,s>dis ea* claim$ to be ! bir?place ( ,aesop4 #b4 utilia monitu suasuque4 ,! abl4 ( ! sup9e 9 -u is regul>ly us$ z an abl4 ( respect4 ,cf4 nefas visu1 turpe dictu1 facile factu 7xxvii4 #g471 etc4 #e4 cum audi5di quadam inlecebra1 lit4 ') "s *>m ( he>+4' #g4 spem1 etc41 't 9 matt]s 7r]um7 :i* a man c manage himself1 hope & tru/ ought nev] to be plac$ 9 ano!r1 b 9 himself1' i4e4 t a man ought n to rely ^u ano!r = :at he c d himself4 #aj4 ,q4 ,ennius4 ,cf4 xxxviii4 #i4 satiris4 ,satira or satura 7satur full71 prop]ly a mixture ( all sorts ( ?+s1 orig9ally d5ot$ a "w :i* dealt ) _m subjects2 !n ! title 0 appli$ to poems :i* treat$ 'didactically' ! follies & vices ( mank9d4 v]sibus quadratis1 v]sus quadrati 7squ>e7 are ^? conta9+ eight or sev5 feet4 ,^! l9es ( ,ennius are call$ ,sept5>ii or ,tetramet] ,catalectic v]ses4 ,! pr9cipal feet 9 !m are ! tro*ee 71 & spondee 4 ,h-oc 7er-it t7ib7i7 -arg7um-ent-um s-emp7er -in pr-ompt-u s7itum1 ,n-e qu7id -exp-ect-es 7am-ic-os1 quod t7ut7e7 7ag7er7e poss7ies4 #ab4 semp] 9 promptu situm1 'ev] ready at h&4' #ac4 ne quid1 etc41 'n to wait = y\r fri5ds at all 7quid7 9 a matt] :i* 7quod7 y y\rself c d4' possies1 old =m ( possis1 pres4 subj4 ( possum4 ,,xxv4 #b4 id temporis4 ,cf4 xviii4 #g4 note1 'at su* a "t1 z a rule1 t ! h>ve/ is at h& :5 its "y ones are j becom+ fl$g$4' #c4 ea cassita1 t p>ticul> l>k ab\t :i* ! /ory is told4 congess]at1 us$ absolutely 7i4e4 )\t an object7 9 ! s5se ( mak+ a ne/1 z we us$ ! ^w 'to build4' ,cf4 ,v]g4 ,ecl4 iii4 #fi1 locum a]iae quo congess]e columbae4 #e4 dum iret4 ,dum1 l o!r temporal conjunctions1 takes ! indic4 79 ,oratio ,r47 :5 /rictly temporal1 b ! subj4 is requir$ :5 ! notion ( "t is complicat$ ) t ( purpose1 consequ5ce1 etc4 ,9 o!r words1 dum1 ':il/1' always takes ! indic41 dum1 'until1' ! indic4 usually1 ! subj4 sometimes1 viz41 :5 ! idea ( expect+ or wait+ = some?+ comes 94 ,"h purpose is express$3 'to enable h] to mean:ile g 4441' 'till %e %\ld g4' ,cf4 priusquam em]et1 xxxiii4 #d4 note4 #f4 quaesitum1 'to seek = food 444'2 ! sup9e 9 -um express+ purpose aft] a v]b ( motion4 ,cf4 xvi4 #ac1 xxii4 #ag4 #g4 si quid1 etc41 'if any?+ unusual happ5$4' ,= ! g5itive quid rei1 cf4 id temporis1 xviii4 #g4 note4 #aa4 fac eas et roges1 a less p]emptory way ( express+ a comm& ?an ! simple imp]ative4 ,cf4 scribas velim1 cura ut scribas1 scribe sis 7= si vis71 in/ead ( scribe4 #ab4 v5iant1 etc41 subj4 aft] roges1 'ask !m to come 444' #ae4 or>e1 ! hi/orical inf9ite1 us$ in/ead ( a f9ite v]b4 ,9 ?is con/ruction1 :i* is frequ5t 9 an animat$ description ( a sc5e1 ! pres4 inf4 only is us$ 7besides ! two p]fects odisse & mem9isse1 :i* h a pres5t mean+74 ,dr4 ,k5n$y 7,pub4 ,s*4 ,lat4 ,gr41 #ccb7 treats x z analog\s to ! omission ( p>ts ( ! v]b sum 7e4g4 occisus = occisus e/71 z x leaves out ! expression ( "t1 numb]1 & p]son4 ',x is us$ to express ! occurr5ce ( actions )\t m>k+ ! ord] ( "t4' 7,roby47 #ag4 misit qui amicos roget4 ,roget is 9 subj41 because ! relative expresses purpose3 'has s5t me to ask 4444' ,misit is ! p]fect prop]1 'has s5t1' a prim>y t5se1 h5ce roget is 9 ! pres4 subj4 #ah4 otioso animo esse1 abl4 ( quality1 lit4 'bids !m be ( an easy m9d1' i4e4 'bids !m be easy 9 m9d4' ,,xxvi4 #d4 i/i1 ironical1 '^? fri5ds ( y\rs are lagg>ds4' qu9 444 imus1 ':y d we n r g 4448' ,! conjunction qu9 7 qu1 an old ablative1 & -ne7 is ?us us$ 9 exhortations & remon/rances 7a7 usually ) ! pres4 indic41 e4g4 qu9 consc5dimus equos8 7,livy71 ':y d we n m\nt8' i4e4 'nay1 m\nt at once'3 7b7 sometimes ) ! imp]ative1 qu9 aspice me1 'nay1 look at me'2 qu9 dic uno v]bo1 'j answ] 9 a s+le ^w4' #e4 cognatos4 ,cognatus is a k9sman by blood1 ei!r on ! fa!r's or ! "m's side2 agnatus1 a blood relation on ! fa!r's side2 g5tilis1 a memb] ( ! same g5s1 & be>+ ! same g5tile "n1 e4g4 ,cornelii1 ,fabii2 all ^! ?ree classes 7 consangu9ei1 relat$ by blood2 adf9is1 a relation by m>riage1 or sometimes m]ely a neighb\r4 #h4 cognatos adf9esque nullos f]me 4441 lit4 'z a rule no k9sm5 & neighb\rs 7 s good-natur$1' %e said1 'z to make no delay 9 und]tak+ "w1 & to obey ord]s at once4' #ad4 valeant1 'good-bye to 4441' i4e4 let u h no m to d )4444 #ah4 id ubi 4441 ! ord] is1 ubi mat] audivit ex pullis dom9um dixisse id4444 #ai4 tempus c$5di et abeundi1 'x is "t to g & be (f4' #bj4 9 ipso enim4 ,! ord] is1 v]titur enim iam 9 ipso1 cuia res e/1 non 9 alio1 unde petitur1 lit4 '= 7! "w7 n[ dep5ds ^u ! man himself1 ^: ! prop]ty is1 n ^u ano!r1 f :om 7! "w7 is ask$1' i4e4 :o is ask$ to d ! "w4 ,,xxvii4 #a4 ,pyrrus 7#cah-bgb ,b4,c471 k+ ( ,epirus1 0 "o ( ! mo/ fam\s g5]als ( 8 age4 ,9 #bhj he 0 invit$ to ,italy by ! ,t>5t9es to aid !m 9 _! /ruggle ) ,rome4 ,he defeat$ ! ,romans 9 two great battles1 ne> ,h]aclea on ! ,siris 9 #bhj1 & ne> ,asculum 9 #bgi1 b 8 own troops suff]$ s sev]ely t he conclud$ an armi/ice1 & 9 #bgh cross$ to ,sicily to help ! ,greek colonies 9 t isl& aga9/ ! ,c>?ag9ians4 ,! incid5t m5tion$ 9 ?is selection af=d$ ! pretext = ! truce4 ,9 #bgf ,pyrrus return$ to ,italy1 b he 0 decisively defeat$ by ,curius ,d5tatus ne> ,b5ev5tum & compell$ to leave ,italy4 ,he w5t back to ,epirus1 & engag$ 9 _m new w>like ent]prises4 ,9 #bgb1 :5 retreat+ f ,argos1 he 0 /unn$ by a tile ?r[n by a woman1 & sla9 by ! pursu+ soldi]s4 ,hannibal is report$ to h said1 t ( all ! great g5]als ! _w _h se51 ,alex&] 0 ! greate/1 ,pyrrus ! second1 himself ! ?ird2 or1 accord+ to ano!r v]sion1 ,pyrrus ! fir/1 ,scipio ! second1 & himself ! ?ird4 9 t]ra ,italia1 '9 ! l& ( ,italy'2 cf4 xxxi4 #g1 9 t]ra ,graecia1 s urbs ,roma1 etc41 ! two sub/antives be+ 9 apposition4 #d4 ,fabricius4 ,cf4 viii4 #a4 note4 #g4 facile factu1 'easy to d4' ,cf4 xxiv4 #b41 utilia monitu et suasu1 note4 #ab4 salutem tut>etur1 '%\ld protect himself f4441' 'be on 8 gu>d aga9/2' lit4 'protect 8 safety4' #ac4 laudes 444 scripsisse1 'x is said t ,pyrrus wrote to ! ,roman p1 prais+ & ?ank+ !m 4441' lit4 'wrote praises & ?anks4' populo ,romano4 ,cf4 ad s5atum scripsit1 l9e #i4 ,! rule is t1 if ! v]b expresses or implies motion1 ad ) ! acc4 is us$ to express ! remot] object2 if no motion is impli$1 ! dative is us$2 s1 misit hoc ad me1 b d$it hoc mihi4 ,h5ce _m v]bs admit bo? con/ructions1 z !y fall on ! l9e betwe5 express+ motion & n express+ x4 ,scribo is "o ( ^!1 = ! lett] has to be s5t1 s motion is impli$1 b ! v]b itself expresses no motion4 ,?is rule1 h[ev]1 is n always obs]v$ ev5 9 prose1 & f> less s 9 poetry4 ,,xxviii4 #a4 ,9 circo maximo4 ,! e>ly ,roman leg5ds say t :5 ,t>qu9ius ,priscus _h tak5 ! t[n ( ,apiolae f ! ,lat9s1 he commemorat$ 8 success by hold+ races & games 9 ! ,murcian ,valley1 betwe5 ! ,palat9e & ,av5t9e hills4 ,r\nd ! valley tempor>y plat=ms & /&s 7 erect$1 & ! c\rse ) its surr\nd+s 0 call$ ',circus1' ei!r because ! spectators /ood 9 a circle or because ! races w5t r\nd 9 a circle4 ,soon a p]man5t build+ 0 erect$ 9 ?is valley4 ,?is 0 enl>g$ & beautifi$ f "t to "t1 & kn[n z ! ,circus ,maximus1 to di/+ui% x f ! _m simil> build+s :i* 7 erect$ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,rome4 ,9 ! "t ( ,julius ,caes> ! ,circus ,maximus 0 ab\t #fjj y>ds 9 l5g?1 & #bjj 9 wid?1 & held #aej1jjj p3 a c5tury lat] x c\ld hold twice z _m4 ,! build+ 0 us$ *iefly = *>iot-rac+2 b sometimes ! area 0 flood$1 & naval battles 7 repres5t$1 & (t5 bea/s 7 let loose 9 x to fight ) "o ano!r1 or ) m51 ei!r condemn$ crim9als & captives1 or be/i>i1 specially tra9$ = ! purpose4 ,?is latt] exhibition 0 call$ v5atio1 or pugna v5ationis4 ,animals 7 br\ght 9 almo/ incr$ible numb]s f all p>ts ( ! ,roman _w to be ?us slaught]$4 ,julius ,caes> once turn$ #ejj lions into ! ar5a toge!r1 & ,augu/us1 9 ! ,monim5tum ,ancyranum1 boa/s t he _h ?us kill$ #c1ejj elephants dur+ 8 reign4 #b4 multae ibi f]ae1 sc4 erant4 #g4 quasi admirans4 ,cf4 quasi desip]et1 xv4 #f4 note4 #ae4 vid]es1 'y might h se54' ,cf4 ,livy1 mae/i1 cr$]es victos1 r$eunt 9 ca/ra1 'y w\ld h ?\ght !y _h be5 defeat$4' ,?is use is conf9$ to ! second p]son s+ul> 7'y' indef9ite "o72 ! subjunctive is expla9$ by treat+ ! expression z "p ( a conditional s5t5ce1 ! condition und]/ood be+ ! reality ( ! subject4 ',if y _h be5 !re1 y might h se54444' ,,xxix4 #b4 ,caes>1 probably ,claudius1 emp]or #da-ed ,a4,d42 he 0 ! f\r? emp]or--,augu/us be+ ! fir/1 ,tib]ius ! second1 & ,caligula ! ?ird4 ,caes> 0 orig9ally ! "n ( a patrician family ( ! ,julian g5s4 ,! "n 0 tak5 by ,augu/us 7,octavianus71 z ! adopt$ son ( ! ,dictator1 ,c4 ,julius ,caes>3 by ,tib]ius1 z ! adopt$ son ( ,augu/us ,caes>3 & x cont9u$ to be us$ by ,caligula1 ,claudius1 & ,n]o1 z memb]s1 by adoption1 or female desc5t1 ( ,caes>'s family4 ,?is family became ext9ct ) ,n]o1 b succe$+ emp]ors employ$ ! "n z "p ( _! (ficial title4 #c4 uni ) illi1 '_h sp>$ him alone4' pep]cisset1 subj4 aft] ! dep5d5t int]rogative cur4 #e4 proconsul>i imp]io4 ,! ,proconsul>e ,imp]ium is ! p[] held by a man :o acts pro consule1 '9 ! place ( a consul4' ,z ! numb] ( ,roman prov9ces increas$1 x became ! cu/om "u ! ,republic = m51 :o _h held ! (fice ( consul1 to accept ! gov]nm5t ( prov9ces = a ye>1 & rule ^! ) ! ,imp]ium ,proconsul>e1 :i* 0 conf]r$ by a special decree ( ! ,s5ate & ( ! p4 ,"u ! ,empire ! prov9ces 7 divid$ into two gr\ps3 7#a7 ! ,s5atorial ,prov9ces 7! m peaceful ones 9 :i* no l>ge armies 7 ma9ta9$71 :i* 7 gov]n$ ) ,imp]ium ,proconsul>e by m5 :o _h be5 consuls or praetors3 7#b7 ! ,imp]ial ,prov9ces1 :i* 7 gov]n$ ) ,praetorian p[] by ,legati ,caes>is1 :o act$ z ! ,emp]or's deputies4 ,africam1 ! ,roman "n = ! di/rict r\nd ,c>?age4 #aj4 consilium fuit1 'my plan 01' ',i purpos$4' #ad4 debili 444 p$e4 ,abl4 absol41 ') "o foot lame & blood/a9$4' #bb4 voln]e intimo expressi1 ',i press$ out f ! bottom ( ! w\nd4' ,words comp\nd$ ) ab1 cum1 de1 & ex usually gov]n an abl41 ei!r ) or 7less frequ5tly 9 prose7 )\t ! preposition repeat$4 #bc4 cruorem3 cruor is 'gore1' i4e4 blood :i* has fl[$ f a w\nd2 sanguis1 ei!r 'gore1' or blood circulat+ 9 ! body4 ,,xxx4 #a4 tri5nium totum1 acc4 ( duration ( "t2 '= ?ree :ole ye>s4' #b4 eodemque et victu1 abl4 ( matt]2 'on ! same food also4' nam quas1 etc4 ,! ord] is--'f]ebat ad specum mihi 7to ! cave = me71 membra opimiora f]>um quas v5abatur1' ! antec$5t f]>um be+ attract$ into ! relative s5t5ce1 & s becom+ f]as4 #g4 viam 444 p]m5sus1 'hav+ travell$ a j\rney ( almo/ ?ree days4' #i4 rei capitalis1 ! g5itive ( ! *>ge us$ aft] v]bs ( condemn+ & acquitt+4 ,res capitalis is a crime puni%able by dea? or loss ( civil rights1 caput d5ot+ bo? life & civil /atus4 ,cf4 xix4 #a4 note4 #aj4 damn&um curavit4 ,cf4 xiii4 #a4 #d4 note4 #aa4 quoque1 ! lion1 z well z ,i1 hav+ be5 captur$4 ,,xxxi4 #a4 9 t]ra ,graecia4 ,cf4 9 t]ra ,italia1 xxvii4 #a4 note4 fama celebri1 abl4 ( quality1 '( great reputation4' #e4 ,a!nis1 'at ,a!ns1' ! locative case4 ,cf4 xi4 #a4 note4 ,electram1 etc4 ,! ord] is--acturus ,electram ,sophoclis1 debebat ge/>e urnam quasi cum ,ore/i ossibus1 'be+ ab\t to play ! "p ( ,sophocles' ,electra 7i4e4 ! "p ( ,electra 9 ! play ( ,sophocles call$ '! ,electra'7 he _h to c>ry an urn1 suppos$ to conta9 7quasi cum7 ! bones ( ,ore/es4' ,wom5's *>act]s 7 play$ by m5 bo? on ! ,greek & on ! ,roman /age4 ,:5 ,agamemnon1 k+ ( ,argos & ,myc5ae1 return$ f ! ,trojan w>1 he 0 murd]$ by 8 wife ,clytaemne/ra4 ,electra1 _! daught]1 contriv$ to save h] "y bro!r ,ore/es1 & s5d him to ! c\rt ( ,/rophius1 k+ ( ,phocis4 ,aft] "s ye>s ,ore/es return$ 9 company ) ,pylades1 ! son ( ,/rophius4 ,at fir/ he pret5d$ to be a mess5g] f ,/rophius1 :o _h come to ann\nce ! dea? ( ,ore/es 9 a *>iot race1 9 tok5 ( :i* he br\ght an urn conta9+1 he said1 ! a%es ( ! dead man4 ,f9ally1 he made himself kn[n to ,electra1 & !n slew ,clytaemne/ra & h] lov] ,aegi/hus4 ,sophocles1 #die-djf1 ! great ,a!nian tragic poet1 0 ?irty ye>s y\ng] ?an ,aes*ylus & fifte5 ye>s old] ?an ,euripides4 ,he is said to h writt5 #acj plays1 b ( ^! sev5 only h rea*$ u1 ( :i* ! ',electra1' "h m5tion$1 is "o4 #f4 ,ore/i4 ,! g54 s+4 ( ,greek prop] names 9 -es ( ! ?ird decl5sion usually ends 9 -i1 sometimes 9 -is4 ,h5ce we h nom4 & voc41 ,ore/es2 acc41 ,ore/5 & ,ore/em2 g541 ,ore/i & ,ore/is2 dat41 ,ore/i2 abl41 ,ore/7e1 r>ely ,ore/-e4 ,! plural1 :5 us$1 foll[s ! fir/ decl5sion4 #aa4 quasi ,ore/i amplexus4 ,ore/i is ! g54 dep5d+ on ossa und]/ood4 #ab4 itaque1 etc41 lit4 '& s :5 a play seem$ to be repres5t$1 7true7 grief 0 repres5t$4' ,:5 ! great ,engli% actor ,macready play$ ! "p ( ,virg9ius1 soon aft] ! dea? ( 8 own daught]1 he decl>$ t 8 rec5t exp]i5ce ( real grief gave a new =ce to 8 act+4 ,did]ot1 on ! o!r h&1 9 8 fam\s ,p>adoxe sur le ,comdi51 ma9ta9s t ! emotions ( ! actor mu/ be artificial1 n real1 to produce an arti/ic effect4 ,,xxxii4 #b4 qui pro se 444 advocav]unt1 '!y engag$ m5 to plead _! case'2 lit4 ':o %\ld speak = !m1' qui be+ us$ 9 a f9al s5se1 & h5ce ! subj4 ,= ?is s5se ( advocav]unt cf4 ! ,engli% ^w 'advocate4' #d4 ,demo/h5es1 ! greate/ ( ,a!nian orators1 0 born 9 #che & di$ 9 #cbb ,b4,c4 ,z a /atesman 8 :ole policy 0 direct$ to resi/+ ! aggressions ( ! ,mac$onian k+s ,philip & ,alex&] 7cf4 vi474 ,he made _m bitt] enemies1 ( :om ,demades 7l9e #bb7 0 "o ( ! mo/ important4 ,demades 0 a w>m support] ( ! ,mac$onian p>ty1 &1 z he is kn[n to h be5 an unpr9cipl$ man1 ?is /ory probably applies to him1 & n to ,demo/h5es4 #aa4 lana multa 444 circumvolutus1 lit4 'wrapp$ r\nd z to 8 neck ) mu* wool4' ,collum is ! acc4 ( respect4 #ab4 eo1 = t reason1 !re=e4 #ad4 non synan*5 444 s$ argyran*51 't 8 ?roat 0 inflam$ n by cold1 b by gold4' ,argyran*e 7arguran*7 is a s>ca/ic ^w co9$ to imitate synan*e 7sunan*71 'an inflam$ ?roat4' #ae4 qu9 444 quoque1 'nay he ev5 prid$ himself ^u x1' lit4 ascrib$ x z a glory 7dat ( purpose or complem5t1 cf4 viii4 #d4 note7 to himself4 ,qu9etiam is m common ?an ! simple qu9 9 ?is s5se4 #ag4 quantum m]c$is4 ,= ?is 'g5itive ( ! ?+ measur$1' usually call$ ! 'p>titive g5itive1' dep5d+ ( a neut] pron\n1 cf4 id temporis1 xviii4 #g4 note1 'h[ mu* pay he _h receiv$ = act+4' ,accepisset is subj4 aft] ! dep5d5t int]rogative quantum4 #ah4 uti ag]et1 lit4 9 ord] to act1 a f9al s5t5ce4 ,s 'ut tac]em'4 #ai4 tal5tum1 ! ,attic tal5t1 #bdc #aes4 ,,xxxiii4 #a4 ,m>cus ,tullius ,cic]o1 ! fam\s ,roman orator1 0 born ne> ,arp9um on ,jan #crd1 #ajf ,b4,c4 ,he 0 consul 9 #fc ,b4,c41 & 0 murd]$ ,dec #g?1 #dc ,b4,c41 by ! emiss>ies ( ,m4 ,antonius4 9 ,palatio1 ! ,palatium or ,mons ,palat9us 0 ! hill on ! ,s4,w4 ( ! ,roman ,=um4 ,on x ! orig9al city is said to h be5 built4 #b4 9 praes5s sc4 tempus1 '= ! pres5t'4 ,praes5s1 ! pres4 p>ticiple ( praesum1 & abs5s1 ! pres4 p>ticiple ( absum1 are ! only =ms 9 :i* ! pres4 p>ticiple ( sum is f\nd4 ,p4 ,sulla1 ! nephew ( ! great ,dictator1 ,l4 ,sulla1 0 accus$ ( complicity 9 ! ,catil9>ian conspiracy4 ,he 0 def5d$ by ,cic]o & ,hort5sius--! fam\s rival ( ,cic]o1 &1 ?\gh c]ta9ly guilty1 0 acquitt$1 #fb ,b4,c4 mutua 444 tacita accepit1 'accept$ z a secret loan4444' se/]tium vici5s1 #b1jjj1jjj se/]tii1 i4e4 ab\t #ai1jjj4 ,! unit = reckon+ l>ge sums 0 ! se/]tius or nummus 7 ( a d5>ius1 ! ord9>y silv] co9 9 use1 or #b asses71 9 value ab\t #b;d4 ,up to #b1jjj ! c>d9al numb]s 7 prefix$1 e4g4 c5tum se/]tii1 mille se/]tii1 etc4 ,! g54 plur4 ( se/]tius is se/]tium1 s #b1jjj se/]tii is duo millia se/]tium4 ,?is =m se/]tium 9 "t became treat$ z if x 7 a neut] s+ul>4 ,h5ce = duo millia se/]tium1 duo or b9a se/]tia 0 writt51 z ! 'di/ributive' =m ( ! num]al 0 (t5 us$4 ,h5ce = sums f #b1jjj up to #a1jjj1jjj se/]tii we h duo or b9a se/]tia1 sexag9ta or sexag5a se/]tia1 etc4 ,= sums above #a1jjj1jjj se/]tii ! num]al adv]b 0 g5]ally employ$3 ?us1 #b1jjj1jjj se/]tii 0 writt5 vici5s c5t5a 7or c5tum7 millia se/]tium1 :i* 0 g5]ally contract$ into vici5s se/]tium1 or vici5s alone4 #d4 priusquam em]et4 ,priusquam & antequam1 l o!r temporal conjunctions1 usually gov]n ! indicative2 b :5 !y introduce an ev5t :i* is expect$1 & its occurr5ce prev5t$1 i4e4 :5 !y convey any idea ( purpose1 !y usually require ! subjunctive4 ,cf4 note on dum iret1 xxv4 #e4 ,translate1 be=e he c\ld buy4 quod 444 accepisset1 't he _h accept$4' ,fees to lawy]s 7 illegal at ,rome2 b ! law 0 evad$ 9 _m ways4 #aj4 int] rid5dum1 'amid/ 8 laugh+4' ,cf4 note on ! g]und1 xiii4 #a4 ako9onotoi 7ako97on7o-etoi71 a-ko9os-notos 7nosis71 n hav+ common s5se4 ,! ^w is n f\nd 9 extant ,greek works4 #aa4 cum ignoratis1 'because y d n "k t4' ,?is use ( cum ) ! indic41 giv+ a reason1 is common 9 e>ly writ]s 7e4g4 ,plautus71 b only us$ by ,cic]o aft] su* words z laudo & gratulor4 ,lat] writ]s d n employ x4 #ab4 patris familias1 'x is ! cu/om ( a prud5t & c>eful ma/] ( ! h\sehold to say t he is n go+ to buy :at he wi%es to pur*ase4444' ,= ! g5itive1 cf4 cuiusvis hom9is e/ err>e1 'x is any man's nature to err1' etc4 ,! g5itive may be expla9$ by say+ t x dep5ds ^u "s su* ^w z indoles1 'nature1' (ficium1 'duty1' etc41 und]/ood4 ,,xxxiv4 #c4 ,mons ,cispius 0 "o ( ! peaks ( ,mons ,esquil9us1 on ! ,e4 ( ! ,=um4 subeuntes montem4 ,_m intransitive v]bs1 especially v]bs ( motion1 ga9 a semi-transitive or transitive =ce by be+ comp\nd$ ) prepositions1 *iefly prepositions :i* gov]n an acc41 e4g4 adire1 circumv5ire1 ad/>e1 adloqui1 oppugn>e1 etc4 ,b _m ( ^! comp\nds gov]n a dative1 in/ead (1 or z well z1 an accusative1 e4g4 adlabi1 succ$]e4 ,"s v]bs comp\nd$ ) prepositions :i* gov]n an ablative take an accusative1 e4g4 conv5ire1 expugn>e1 etc4 #d4 insulam4 ,insula 0 a h\se = poor p1 let out 9 rooms or flats to sev]al families2 z oppos$ to domus1 ! l>ge mansion ( a s+le weal?y family4 multis 444 editam1 built to a great height ) _m floors4 #g4 magni1 nom9ative1 '! pr(its ( city prop]ty are great4' #h4 si quid rem$ii4 ,= ! g54 cf4 id temporis1 xviii4 #g4 note1 'if any rem$y c\ld h be5 f\nd to prev5t h\ses burn+ s con/antly at ,rome1 ,i w\ld h sold4444' #aj4 v5um d$issem4 ,v5um 7neut]7 is only f\nd 9 ! classical p]iod 9 ! acc4 s+41 b ,tacitus uses v5o1 & /ill lat] writ]s v5ui4 ,v5um d--(t5 writt5 z "o ^w1 v5umdo1 contract$ into v5do--is ',i give = sale'2 v5um eo--(t5 writt5 v5eo--is ',i am = sale4' ,= ! acc4 cf4 pessum d>e1 ',i give to de/ruction1' & pessum ire1 ',i g to de/ruction4' #ab4 annalem undevic5simum1 '! n9ete5? book ( ! hi/ory 7annals7 ( ,q4 ,claudius4444' #ac4 ,mitridati1 g5itive2 cf4 ,ore/i1 xxxi4 #f4 note4 #ad4 def5d]es1 subj4 aft] ! dep5d5t int]rogative quo4 #ae4 ,l4 ,cornelius ,sulla1 surnam$ ,felix1 0 born 9 #ach & di$ #gh ,b4,c4 ,he fir/ di/+ui%$ himself 9 ,africa1 :5 s]v+ "u ,m>ius 9 ! campaign aga9/ ,jugur?a 7#ajg-ajf74 ,9 #hh he 0 appo9t$ to ! comm& ( ! w> aga9/ ,mitridates1 b ,m>ius1 eag] to obta9 ?is = himself1 got a new law pass$ transf]r+ ! comm& to himself4 ,sulla !reupon m>*$ ^u ,rome ) 8 troops1 & ,m>ius fl$1 only to return & deluge ! /reets ( ,rome ) blood1 :5 8 rival _h sail$ = ! ,ea/4 ,! siege ( ,a!ns "h ref]r$ to took place 9 #hf3 9 #hc ,sulla return$ to ,rome1 & quickly ov]?rew ! rema9s ( ! ,m>ian p>ty1 ,m>ius hav+ di$ 9 #hf4 ,9 #ha ,sulla 0 appo9t$ ,dictator4 ,he devot$ two ye>s to re=m+ ! ,/ate1 & re/or+ ! p[] ( ! s5ate & ari/ocracy1 & !n retir$ into private life 9 #gi4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> he di$4 ,piraeum4 ,piraeus1 ,muny*ia1 & ,phal]um 7 ! ?ree h>b\rs ( ,a!ns4 ,,xxxv4 #a4 ,arion4 ,?is /ory ab\t ,arion comes f ! ,greek hi/orian ,h]odotus4 ,p]i&] 0 tyrant ( ,cor9? f #fbe to #ehe ,b4,c4 ,l mo/ ( ! ,greek tyrants he 0 a patron ( art & lit]ature4 nobilis is common 9 ! s5se ( 'fam\s1' z well z 9 its te*nical use ( "o ^: ance/ors _h held curule (fice4 ,me?ymnaeus4 ,me?ymna 0 a t[n at ! nor!rn extremity ( ,lesbos4 #e4 vis]et1 ! imp]f4 subj41 because pr(iciscitur is ! 'hi/orical pres5t' /&+ = a pa/ t5se4 ,cf4 xxi4 #ab4 note4 #h4 ut notiores1 'z bett] kn[n4444' #aj4 9 altum1 '! deep sea4' #aa4 de nec&o ,arione1 g]undial attraction4 ,cf4 xiii4 #g4 note4 #ba4 c>m5 444 or?ium1 ,greek nomos or?ios1 lit4 ! l\d1 high song1 0 ! "n = a %rill1 /irr+ air4 ,,xxxvi4 #b4 cursum 444 t5u]unt1 'held on _! c\rse4' #d4 fluitanti sese hom9i subdidit1 'plac$ itself "u ! float+ man4' #e4 incolumique corpore et ornatu1 abl4 absol41 'c>ri$ him to l& 7devexit7 at ,ta5>um1 9 ! c\ntry ( ,laconia1 ) body & clo!s unh>m$4' ,ta5>um is ! acc4 ( 'place :i!r4' 9 t]ram ,laconicam1 lit4 'to ,ta5>um into ! l& ( ,laconia4' ,s 'he set out = ,c>?age 9 ,africa' is 'pr(ectus e/ ,c>?ag9em 9 ,africam4' #f4 ,ta5>um 0 a promontory & t[n 9 ! ,s4,w4 ( ,laconia1 n[ ,cape ,matapan4 #g4 devexit1 'c>ri$ d[n1' i4e4 to l&4 ,! ,greeks & ,romans spoke ( ! coa/ l9e z l[] ?an bo? ! inl& c\ntry & ! 'high' sea4 ,cf4 ! uses ( anaba9 & kataba94 #h4 talemque1 etc41 lit4 'pres5t$ himself to ,k+ ,p]i&]1 n expect+ him1 9 ! same guise 7talem7 z he _h be5 9 7qualis7 7:57 c>ri$ on ! dolph94' quasi fall]et4 ,cf4 quasi desip]et1 xv4 #f4 note4 #ab4 dissimulant]1 secretly1 hid+ ! tru?2 simulant]1 feign$ly1 pret5d+ :at does n exi/ 7! =m simulant] is po/-classical74 ,?is di/9ction betwe5 simulo & dissimulo is express$ 9 ! p5tamet]-- ,quod non es simulas1 dissimulasque quod es1 'y pret5d :at y are n1 & hide :at y are4' #ac4 audiss5t1 subj4 aft] ! dept4 int]rogative 'ecquid4' unde v5iss5t1 subj4 because a dept4 s5t5ce 9 ! int]rogatio obliqua1 aft] int]rogavit4 #ah4 ire infitias1 'to d5y4' ,= ! phrase1 cf4 ire exequias1 'to att5d a fun]al4' ,! acc4 9 ^! phrases mu/ be comp>$ ) ! 'acc4 ( place :i!r' aft] a v]b ( motion1 e4g4 ,romam1 domum1 rus ire2 & ! acc4 ( ! sup9e us$ to express purpose aft] a v]b ( motion1 e4g4 lusum x ,maec5as1 dormitum ego 7,horace71 ',maec5as goes to play1 ,i to sleep4' #bj4 quod1 '! fact t4441' introduces ! sub/antival s5t5ce 'simulacra 444 visuntur' :i* is ! subject ( e/4 #ba4 delph9us & homo are 9 opposition ) simulacra4 ,,xxxvii4 #a4 ruris col5di insol5s1 'ignorant ( agriculture4' ,= ! g]undial attraction1 cf4 xiii4 #a4 note4 #c4 qui 444 sciret1 's9ce he knew4441' ! relative :5 us$ 9 a causal s5se gov]ns ! subjunctive4 #aj4 fac]et1 subj4 aft] ! dept4 int]rogative cur2 'he ask$ :y he 0 mak+4444' #ac4 gratias ag5s4 ,! plural gratias is always us$ ) ag]e2 b aft] ref]re1 deb]e1 s5tire1 etc41 ! s+ul>1 gratiam1 is mo/ commonly f\nd4 #ae4 imp]itus goes closely ) detruncat4 ,9 ,engli% we %\ld use ! adv]b1 'ignorantly 7or1 9 8 ignorance7 cuts ! tops (f4444' vites suas sibi omnes et oleas1 'all ! v9es & olives t he possess$4' #ah4 pomis gign5dis felicia1 lit4 all ! twigs 'productive = be>+ fruit1' i4e4 'all ! fruit-be>+ twigs4' ,pomis gign5dis is ! dative aft] felicia4 ,= ! g]undive attraction cf4 xiii4 #a4 note4 felicia4 ,! root ( felix is ! same z ! root ( fecundus 7fruitful71 fetus 7(fspr+71 etc4 ,h5ce ! e>lie/ mean+ ( felix is fruit-be>+3 9 ?is s5se x is us$ 9 ,lucretius1 ,ovid1 ,livy1 etc41 & ! adv]b felicius 9 ,v]g4 7hic segetes1 illic v5iunt felicius uvae4--,georg4 i4 #ed47 ,,xxxviii4 #a4 ,mitridates ,,vi41 k+ ( ,pontus1 #abj-fc ,b4,c41 0 ! mo/ p[]ful foe :om ! ,romans enc\nt]$ 9 ! ,ea/4 ,! fir/ ,mitridatic w> 0 br\ght to a successful conclusion by ,sulla 9 #hd ,b4,c42 ! second1 #hc-hb ,b4,c41 0 unev5tful2 ! ?ird1 #gd-fc ,b4,c41 9 :i* ,pompeius di/+ui%$ himself1 end$ 9 ! flight & suicide ( ! k+1 z describ$ 9 l9e #h4 #b4 quorum 444 cavebat1 'by ! cont9ual use ( :i* he protect$ himself f secret attempts at banquets'2 epul>um is a descriptive g5itive dep5d+ on insidiis4 #c4 qu9 444 e/4 ,cf4 qu9 quoque1 xxxii4 #ae4 note1 'nay1 he ev54444' o/5t&i gratia1 'to %[ (f4' #f4 9 ultima regni1 'to ! mo/ di/ant p>ts ( 8 k+dom4' #i4 ,q4 ,ennius 7#bci-afi ,b4,c471 ?\gh a ,greek by bir?1 sp5t 8 life at ,rome1 & 0 reg>d$ by ! ,romans z ! fa!r ( _! poetry1 alt] ,hom]us 7,horace74 ,8 mo/ important "w 0 ! ,annales1 an epic poem ^u ! hi/ory ( ,rome4 ,only a few fragm5ts ( 8 writ+s h rea*$ u4 #aj4 ,osce4 ,! ,osci 7 a primitive p :o liv$ 9 ,campania4 #ad4 l+ua locutus e/1 'he spoke 9 ! tongue & language ( ea* z skilfully z if he _h be5 ( t nation4' ,,xxxix4 #a4 eloqu5tiae disc5dae caus>umque or&i cupidus1 lit4 '0 anxi\s to le>n eloqu5ce & to plead causes4' caus>um or&i1 ! g5itive or&i dep5ds ^u cupidus1 & caus>um is a g5itive dep5d+ on ! g]und or&i4 ,?is con/ruction 7in/ead ( ! g]undial attraction1 or ! ord9>y acc4 aft] ! g]und7 is v r>e2 b cf4 nobis fuit exemplorum elig5di pote/as 7,cic de ,juv4 ii4 #b71 'we _h ! p[] ( *oos+ examples4' 9 discipl9am 444 sese d$it1 'ent]$ himself z a pupil ( ,protagoras1' lit4 gave himself to ! tea*+ ( ,protagoras4 #c4 ,protagoras1 ( ,abd-era1 9 ,?race1 0 born ab\t #dhj ,b4,c4 & di$ #daa ,b4,c4 ,he came to ,a!ns be=e ! ye> #dde1 & !re e/abli%$ a s*ool4 ,he 0 ! fir/ ,greek philosoph] :o call$ himself a ',sophi/1' & taught = pay4 daturumque1 etc4 ,! ord] is--promisit se daturum esse gr&em pecuniam m]c$em1 'promis$ to give a l>ge sum z a remun]ation4444' ,m]c$em is 9 apposition ) pecuniam4 #f4 quo primo die1 'on ! fir/ day on :i* he plead$ & won a case'2 ! antec$5t primo die is attract$ into ! relative clauses1 a common con/ruction 9 ,lat94 ,cf4 xxx4 #b4 #h4 causas 444 recip]et1 'did n und]take cases1' i4e4 take briefs4 #ab4 litem 444 conte/atur is ! te*nical phrase = sett+ a suit on foot by call+ witnesses2 'he br+s an action aga9/ ,eua?lus4' #ag4 ex s5t5tia1 9 accordance ) ! votes ( ! judges4 ',s5t5tia' is an express$ op9ion1 h5ce our 's5t5ce4' #ah4 secundum te1 '9 y\r fav\r4' #bd4 pro causa mea s5s]9t1 '%all h pron\nc$ 9 my fav\r4' ,,xl4 #a4 proelium ,cann5se1 #baf ,b4,c4 ,cf4 ix4 #a4 ,note ! use ( ! adjective1 :]e we use a sub/4 & prep41 '! battle ( ,cannae4' #b4 electos 444 misit1 's5t to ,rome t5 m5 *os5 out ( our captives1' i4e4 'select$ t5 ( our captives & s5t !m to ,rome4' ,cp4 xxi4 #c4 note4 #c4 vid]etur1 'if x seem$ good to ! ,roman p4' #d4 quos alt]i plures accip]5t1 ':om ! "o side receiv$ m 7?an ! o!r7'2 plures is acc4 qualify+ quos4 #e4 arg5ti1 etc41 'a p\nd & a half ( silv] by weight4' #f4 hoc iusiur&um eos adegit1 'b\nd !m by ?is oa?4' ,adig]e aliquem iusiur&um1 or ad iusiur&um1 is lit]ally to drive a man to an oa?1 i4e4 to make him take x4 ,aft] ! "t ( ,livy ! con/ruction adig]e aliquem iure iur&o1 'to b9d a man by an oa?1' 0 m common4 #ab4 po/lim9io1 'by ! "r ( po/lim9ium4' ,po/lim9ium is ! recov]y ( rights by a p]son return$ f captivity1 or ! recov]y ( rights ov] a p]son or ?+ recov]$ f ho/ile possession 7,po/e's ,gaius1 #abi71 s9ce a man by ho/ile capture became ! slave ( ! enemy1 & s dur+ ! int]val ( captivity 8 rights z a free citiz5 7 susp5d$4 ,! usual d]ivation giv5 is f po/ & lim51 'a return+ beh9d ! ?re%old'2 o!rs d]ive ! po/ f ! same root z pote/as & possessio4 lib]atos religione1 'fre$ f _! obligation4' #ai4 quoniam1 etc41 lit4 's9ce1 :5 !y _h left ! enemy's camp1 !y _h return$ to x 7eo lem4 lit4 to ! same place7 on an imag9>y pretext1 z if = "s accid5tal reason1 & s _h aga9 left 7! camp7 n b\nd by an oa?4' #bd4 c5sores4 ,two c5sors 7 elect$ e five ye>s 7lu/rum72 !y held (fice = #ah mon?s4 ,_! duties 7 7#a7 to take ! c5sus1 i4e4 ! regi/] ( ! citiz5s & _! prop]ty2 7#b7 to ex]cise a sup]vision ov] ! morals ( ! citiz5s1 & puni% default]s by ! nota c5soria1 & degrade !m 9 v>i\s ways4 ,! consequ5ce ( ! nota 0 ignom9ia4 ,,ex]cises ,,to ,,be ,,translat$ ,,into ,,lat94 ,! words 9 brackets are n to be translat$4 ,i4 #a4 ,v]gil us$ to produce 8 v]ses l a be>4 #b4 ,! v]ses ( ,v]gil 7 at fir/ r\gh & unf9i%$4 #c4 ,he us$ to poli% & correct 8 r\gh v]ses l a be>4 #d4 ,t animal by lick+ gives features to its %apeless (fspr+4 #e4 ,all ! v]ses ( ,v]gil 7 aft]w>ds poli%$ & correct$4 #f4 ,! (fspr+ ( t animal is at fir/ r\gh & %apeless4 #g4 ,x produces a %apeless (fspr+1 b aft]w>ds licks & =ms x4 #h4 ,! r\gh v]ses 7 poli%$ & correct$ by ,v]gil1 z 7its7 (fspr+ is lick$ & =m$ by t animal4 ,,ii4 #a4 ,philemon 0 an au?or by no means equal to ,m5&]4 #b4 ,d y n blu%1 :5ev] y defeat me 9 su* conte/s8 #c4 ,philemon did n blu% :5 he met ,m5&]4 #d4 ,philemon (t5 defeat$ ,m5&] 9 ^? conte/s4 #e4 ,m5&] w meet ,philemon by *ance4 #f4 ,m5&]1 a writ] ( com$ies1 defeat$ ,philemon by brib]y4 #g4 ,m5&] & ,philemon 7 by no means equal4 #h4 ,h[ d y defeat me 9 ^! conte/s8 ,,iii4 #a4 ,a wond]ful ?+ is told by ,plut>* ab\t ! palm4 #b4 ,great weights 7 plac$ by ! philosoph]s on ! /em ( t palm tree4 #c4 ,! tree w n yield1 b w rise aga9/ ! great weight4 #d4 ,!y h made ! palm ! emblem ( victory4 #e4 ,:y is ?is tree an emblem ( victory 9 battle8 #f4 ,! /em ( ! tree 0 n b5t by ! weights plac$ ^u x4 #g4 ,philosoph]s tell _m wond]ful tales ab\t ?is tree4 #h4 ,?is tree 0 made by ! ,greeks ! emblem ( victory4 ,,iv4 #a4 ,x is said t ,xan?ippe 0 ! wife ( ,socrates ! philosoph]4 #b4 ,socrates _h a v bad-temp]$ wife1 ,xan?ippe by "n4 #c4 ,he did n drive 8 qu>relsome wife f home4 #d4 ,i c be> ! imp]t95ce ( ! o!rs m easily4 #e4 ,! wife ( ,socrates 0 v qu>relsome bo? day & night4 #f4 ,! fri5ds ( ,socrates wond]$ at 8 bad-temp]$ wife4 #g4 ,:y has y\r qu>relsome & bad-temp]$ wife n be5 driv5 f home8 #h4 ,alcibiades1 ! fri5d ( ,socrates1 wond]$ at ,xan?ippe1 ! qu>relsome wife ( t philosoph]4 ,v4 #a4 ,volunt>y lab\rs us$ to /r5g!n ! body ( ,socrates4 #b4 ,he us$ to /& day & night motionless4 #c4 ,socrates liv$ 9 p]fect heal? = almo/ 8 :ole life4 #d4 ,a plague ravag$ ! city ( ,a!ns 9 ! ,peloponnesian w>4 #e4 ,socrates kept 8 bodily vig\r dur+ ! plague :i* ravag$ ,a!ns4 #f4 ,he us$ to /& ) 8 eyes direct$ to ! same place4 #g4 ,socrates bore v _m lab\rs to /r5g!n 8 body4 #h4 ,he direct$ 8 eyes to ! same place f "o sunrise to ! next sunrise4 ,,vi4 #a4 ,k+ ,alex&] _h a wond]ful horse call$ ,bucephalas4 #b4 ,no "o1 except ,k+ ,alex&]1 c\ld m\nt ?is horse4 #c4 ,! k+1 seat$ on ?is horse1 p]=m$ _m brave de$s 9 ! ,indian w>4 #d4 ,d>ts 7 ?r[n f all sides at ,k+ ,alex&]4 #e4 ,! k+ 0 c>ri$ back at full spe$ by ! dy+ horse f ! middle ( ! battle4 #f4 ,a t[n1 call$ ,bucephalon1 0 built by ,alex&] 9 t place4 #g4 ,! horse 0 pi]c$ by _m w\nds & fell d[n almo/ lifeless4 #h4 ,alex&] built a t[n 9 ,india1 :i* he call$ ,bucephalon 9 hon\r ( 8 wond]ful horse ,bucephalas4 ,,vii4 #a4 ,alcibiades 0 educat$ by 8 uncle ,p]icles4 #b4 ,a flute-play] endeav\r$ to tea* ,alcibiades to play ! flute4 #c4 ,! flute 0 h&$ to ,alcibiades by 8 ma/]4 #d4 ,! flute 0 ?r[n away & brok5 by ! boy ,alcibiades4 #e4 ,! ,a!nians unanim\sly ceas$ to play ! flute4 #f4 ,! uncle caus$ ! boy to be taught to play ! flute4 #g4 ,! wise uncle caus$ _m ma/]s to be summon$4 #h4 ,flute-play+ 0 =m]ly consid]$ by ! ,a!nians a mo/ hon\rable accompli%m5t4 ,,viii4 #a4 ,! ,samnites s5t ambassadors to ,c4 ,fabricius1 ! ,roman g5]al4 #b4 ,!y (f]$ ! ,roman g5]al a l>ge sum ( money z a gift4 #c4 ,_m ?+s 7 lack+ to ! magnific5ce ( 8 home4 #d4 ,fabricius c\ld control 8 eyes1 m\? & e>s4 #e4 ,fabricius 0 unwill+ to receive ! money f ! ,samnites4 #f4 ,! ,samnites "k 7h[7 to use ! money4 #g4 ,fabricius did _m ?+s = ! ,samnites aft] peace _h be5 made4 #h4 ,! ,roman g5]al 0 unwill+ to use ! ,samnite money4 ,,ix4 #a4 ,! k+ _h collect$ 8 =ces on ! pla94 #b4 ,k+ ,antio*us 0 ab\t to make w> on 8 enemies1 ! ,roman p4 #c4 ,! army ( ! k+ 0 glitt]+ ) gold & silv] trapp+s4 #d4 ,he manoeuvr$ 8 *>iots1 cavalry & elephants4 #e4 ,^! ?+s w be en\gh = ! gre$y ,romans4 #f4 ,_m elephants _h be5 collect$ by ,antio*us4 #g4 ,hannibal je]$ at ! c[>dice ( ,antio*us' soldi]s4 #h4 ,! k+ _h collect$ *>iots ) sickles & elephants ) turrets4 ,x4 #a4 ,! dea? ( ,milo 0 wond]ful & pitiable4 #b4 ,a?letics 7 ab&on$ by ,milo 7:57 advanc$ 9 age4 #c4 ,a l>ge oak 0 /&+ ne> ! road4 #d4 ,he ?ru/ 8 f+]s into ! holl[s ( ! tree4 #e4 ,milo endeav\r$ ) 8 f+]s to te> op5 ! oak4 #f4 ,! tree return$ to its natural position & %ut 9 8 h&s4 #g4 ,! man 0 torn to pieces by wild bea/s4 #h4 ,! oak 0 torn op5 by ! h&s ( ,milo4 ,,xi4 #a4 ,! ,roman s5ators us$ to ent] ! s5ate h\se ) _! sons4 #b4 ,! s5ators 7 consult+ ab\t a v important matt]4 #c4 ,no "o spoke ab\t ! matt]1 7:i* _h be57 adj\rn$ to ! next day4 #d4 ,! "m ( ! boy ,papirius 0 v anxi\s to he> ! matt]4 #e4 ,x is advantage\s to ! /ate = "o man to h two wives4 #f4 ,! boy 0 unwill+ to tell 8 "m ^? matt]s4 #g4 ,9 t city "o woman 0 n m>ri$ to two m54 #h4 ,i mu/ be sil5t1 = ,i am n all[$ to tell y ?is4 ,,xii4 #a4 ,on he>+ ?is %e betook h]self 9 al>m to ! o!r wom54 #b4 ,next day a cr[d ( wom5 came to ! s5ate-h\se4 #c4 ,:at is ?is cr[d ( wom51 & :at d ^! dem&s mean8 #d4 ,! boy advances into ! middle ( ! s5ate-h\se & says ^! ?+s4 #e4 ,aft]w>ds no boy ent]$ ! s5ate-h\se except ,papirius4 #f4 ,! "n 7(7 ,praetextatus 0 giv5 to ! boy4 #g4 ,! wom5 7 fright5$ & surr\nd$ ! s5ate-h\se weep+ & pray+4 #h4 ,! s5ators wond]$1 :5 !y saw ! cr[d ( matrons4 ,,xiii4 #a4 ,s]torius 0 an en]getic g5]al1 skill$ 9 comm&+ an army4 #b4 ,9 times ( difficulty he us$ to pret5d dreams & tell lies to ! soldi]s4 #c4 ,a c]ta9 man gave ,s]torius a :ite doe ( rem>kable beauty4 #d4 ,?is doe has be5 pres5t$ to me by heav54 #e4 ,! doe us$ to conv]se ) ,s]torius & advise him4 #f4 ,he ann\nc$ t ! doe _h giv5 him ?is advice4 #g4 ,! soldi]s will+ly obey$ ,s]torius z if 7he 77 a god4 #h4 ,! doe1 :i* _h be5 giv5 him z a gift1 0 ( rem>kable beauty & extraord9>y spe$4 ,,xiv4 #a4 ,! doe1 al>m$ by an inroad ( ! enemy1 took to flight4 #b4 ,! doe "o day hid 9 a neighb\r+ m>%1 & 0 se>*$ = 9 va94 #c4 ,x 0 believ$ t ,s]torius' doe _h p]i%$4 #d4 ,s]torius ord]$ ! man1 :o f\nd ! doe1 to be sil5t4 #e4 ,! doe appe>$ to me 9 ! middle ( ! night & =etold :at mu/ be done4 #f4 ,! doe 0 sudd5ly let loose into ! room1 9 :i* ,s]torius & 8 fri5ds 7 sitt+4 #g4 ,! cr$ulity ( ^! b>b>ians 0 v useful to ! g5]al4 #h4 ,no "o des]t$ ,s]torius1 ?\gh he 0 (t5 conqu]$4 ,,xv4 #a4 ,an old woman br\ght n9e books to ,k+ ,t>qu94 #b4 ,%e said t %e wi%$ to sell ! books1 :i* %e _h br\ght4 #c4 ,! woman dem&$ an imm5se 7sum (7 money1 & !re=e ! k+ laugh$4 #d4 ,?ree out ( ! n9e books 7 burnt be=e ! k+'s face4 #e4 ,! k+ said t ! old woman 0 c]ta9ly mad4 #f4 ,%e sold ^! books = ! same price t %e _h dem&$ = all4 #g4 ,t>qu9 at fir/ despis$ ! old woman1 b aft]w>ds b\ght ! ?ree rema9+ books4 #h4 ,! books1 :i* ?is old woman sold to ,t>qu91 are call$ ! ,sibyll9e 7books74 ,,xvi4 #a4 ,scipio ,africanus did n receive money f ,k+ ,antio*us4 #b4 ,scipio made peace ) ,antio*us on fav\rable t]ms4 #c4 ,_m *>ges 7 made aga9/ ,scipio by ,m4 ,naevius4 #d4 ,?is is ! day on :i* ,scipio conqu]$ ,hannibal 9 a v great battle 9 ,africa4 #e4 ,?is victory ( ,scipio 9 ! l& ( ,africa 0 v fam\s4 #f4 ,!y w5t to ! ,capitol1 to give ?anks to ,jupit]4 #g4 ,! assembly did n pass s5t5ce on ,scipio4 #h4 ,!y all foll[$ ,scipio to 8 h\se ) rejoic+s & congratulations4 ,,xvii4 #a4 ,cato1 ,scipio's enemy1 won ov] a c]ta9 tribune1 nam$ ,petilius4 #b4 ,he 0 unwill+ to give an acc\nt ( ! money & spoil to ! s5ate4 #c4 ,scipio produc$ a book1 9 :i* 0 writt5 an acc\nt ( ! money & ! spoil4 #d4 ,he tore ! book to pieces ) 8 own h&s4 #e4 ,! safety ( ! /ate ought to be ascrib$ to ,scipio4 #f4 ,he rose & produc$ a book1 9 :i* 7 ! acc\nts4 #g4 ,i w n read ! acc\nts to y1 = ,i am unwill+ to insult myself4 #h4 ,scipio _h tak5 mu* money & spoil 9 ! w> aga9/ ,antio*us1 & _h writt5 an acc\nt ( x 9 a book4 ,,xviii4 #a4 ,old writ]s h told _m 7tales7 ab\t ! life & de$s ( ,africanus4 #b4 ,be=e dawn ,scipio us$ to g to ! temple ( ,jupit]4 #c4 ,! dogs did n attack ,scipio z he w5t to ! ,capitol4 #d4 ,! att5dants ( ! temple wond]$ t ! dogs did n b>k at ,scipio4 #e4 ,scipio 0 attack+ a v /rong t[n1 situat$ 9 ,spa94 #f4 ,!re 0 small hope ( tak+ ?is /rong t[n4 #g4 ,he ord]$ bail to be giv5 by ! soldi] = 78 appe>ance on7 ! ?ird day4 #h4 ,scipio /ret*$ out 8 h& t[>ds ! t[n1 :i* he 0 attack+4 ,,xix4 #a4 ,! man mu/ be condemn$ by ! law4 #b4 ,i consult$ ab\t ! life ( my fri5d ) ! judges4 #c4 ,i p]suad$ ! o!r judges to acquit my fri5d4 #d4 ,he sil5tly gave 8 vote = condemn+ ! man4 #e4 ,! duty ( a fri5d & ( a judge 0 ?us safe4 #f4 ,he consult$ ) himself ab\t ! life ( 8 fri5d4 #g4 ,two out ( ! ?ree judges acquitt$ my fri5d4 #h4 ,x is ! duty ( a judge to condemn a man1 :o ought by ! law to be condemn$4 ,,xx4 #a4 ,a c]ta9 "y man 0 v fond ( old words4 #b4 ,9 8 daily conv]sations he us$ old-fa%ion$ expressions4 #c4 ,! ,pelasgi 7 ! fir/ :o inhabit$ ,italy4 #d4 ,he us$ old-fa%ion$ words1 z ?\gh he 7 talk+ ) ! "m ( ,ev&]4 #e4 ,he did n wi% any "o to und]/& :at he said4 #f4 ,y ought to be sil5t1 & ?us y w\ld ga9 :at y wi% =4 #g4 ,y ought to use mod]n expressions1 if y wi% to be und]/ood4 #h4 ,i love ! old ,aurunci1 = !y 7 hon\rable & good4 ,,xxi4 #a4 ,titus ,manlius took a necklace f an enemy1 :om he _h kill$4 #b4 ,he 0 nam$ ,torquatus 9 hon\r ( a necklace1 :i* he _h tak5 f an enemy4 #c4 ,a c]ta9 ,gaul advanc$ ) a %ield & two swords4 #d4 ,a ,gaul advanc$1 :o surpass$ ! o!r 9 height & /r5g?4 #e4 ,he beckon$ ) 8 h&1 & cri$ ) a v l\d voice4 #f4 ,! o!rs d>$ n fight aga9/ ?is enemy1 on acc\nt ( 8 dreadful appe>ance4 #g4 ,! b>b>ian began to je] at !m1 because no "o d>$ to advance4 #h4 ,t4 ,manlius 0 griev$ t ! o!rs d>$ n fight aga9/ ! ,gaul4 ,,xxii4 #a4 ,! two soldi]s1 ! ,roman & ! ,gaul1 f\ght on ! bridge 9 ! sight ( bo? armies4 #b4 ,manlius tru/$ 9 8 c\rage1 ! ,gaul 9 8 skill4 #c4 ,! enemy's %ield 0 /ruck aga9 by ,manlius4 #d4 ,manlius w\nd$ ! ,gaul's %\ld] ) 8 ,spani% sword4 #e4 ,! ,roman ?rew 8 enemy d[n & cut (f 8 head4 #f4 ,! blood/a9$ necklace 0 tak5 f ! neck ( ! ,gaul by ,manlius4 #g4 ,! son ( ,manlius kill$ an enemy1 :o _h *all5g$ him1 al?\gh he _h be5 =bidd5 to fight by 8 fa!r4 #h4 ,h>% comm&s are call$ ,manlian1 because ?is ,manlius behead$ 8 own son4 ,,xxiii4 #a4 ,! consul drew up ! ,roman l9es fac+ ! va/ =ces ( ! ,gauls4 #b4 ,! arms ( ! ,gallic lead] %one ) gold4 #c4 ,! ,gaul1 a man ( enorm\s height1 advanc$ %ak+ 8 spe>4 #d4 ,he haughtily ord]$ any ,roman to come1 :o d>$ to fight aga9/ him4 #e4 ,:il/ ! o!rs 7 wav]+ betwe5 %ame & fe>1 ,val]ius advanc$ boldly aga9/ ! enemy4 #f4 ,a rav5 sudd5ly attack$ ! eyes ( ! ,gaul4 #g4 ,! rav51 hav+ torn ! h&s & face ( ! ,gaul1 p]*$ on ! head ( ,val]ius4 #h4 ,?us1 help$ by ! bird1 he kill$ 8 enemy1 & 9 hon\r ( ! victory 0 nam$ ,corv9us4 ,,xxiv4 #a4 ,aesop1 :o liv$ 9 ,phrygia1 0 a v wise writ] ( fables4 #b4 ,he inv5t$ amus+ /ories1 & ?us gave useful advice4 #c4 ,philosoph]s give useful advice1 b :at !y say is n amus+4 #d4 ,aesop inv5t$ an amus+ /ory ab\t a l>k4 #e4 ,?is fable ab\t ! l>k w>n$ m5 t _! hopes ought to be plac$ 9 !mselves4 #f4 ,q4 ,ennius compos$ _m v]ses ab\t ?is /ory ( ,aesop4 #g4 ,?is is a pro( t our confid5ce ought to be plac$ 9 ourselves4 #h4 ,x is ! cu/om ) philosoph]s to give useful advice1 ) writ]s ( fables amus+ advice4 ,,xxv4 #a4 ,x is said t a l>k built 9 ! corn4 #b4 ,! corn 0 rip5+ :5 ! "y ones 7 unfl$g$4 #c4 ,! l>k w5t to se>* = food1 & left h] "y ones 9 ! ne/4 #d4 ,if any?+ unusual happ5s1 said %e1 tell me :5 ,i return home4 #e4 ,! "y ones saw ! own] ( ! crops call+ 8 son4 #f4 ,! own]'s fri5ds 7 unwill+ to assi/ him 9 ! h>ve/4 #g4 ,make ha/e1 "m1 & c>ry u to ano!r ne/4 #h4 ,! l>k said t x 0 n necess>y to take h] "y ones to ano!r home4 ,,xxvi4 #a4 ,:5 ! "m _h fl[n to seek food1 ! own] return$ to ! field ) 8 son4 #b4 ,he told 8 son t ! fri5ds 7 loit]]s1 = !y _h n come4 #c4 ,let u g1 said he1 & ask our relations to help u to-morr[4 #d4 ,! "y ones told _! "m t ! ma/] _h s5t = 8 relations4 #e4 ,! ma/] said t he w\ld himself reap ! corn ) 8 sickle4 #f4 ,! relations neglect$ to come1 & s ! ma/] & 8 son !mselves reap$ ! corn4 #g4 ,! "m said t x 0 "t to g2 = :at he _h ord]$ w\ld n[ be done4 #h4 ,! matt] n[ dep5ds on ! ma/] himself1 n on 8 fri5ds4 ,,xxvii4 #a4 ,pyrrhus f\ght _m battles ) success 9 ! l& ( ,italy4 #b4 ,timo*>es1 a fri5d ( ,pyrrhus1 wi%$ to kill ! k+ by poison4 #c4 ,if we agree ab\t ! rew>d1 ,i promise to kill ! k+ by poison4 #d4 ,my son is ! k+'s cup-be>]1 & s he w easily be able to give poison to ! k+4 #e4 ,fabricius wrote to ! ,roman ,s5ate1 t ,timo*>es wi%$ to kill ,k+ ,pyrrhus by poison4 #f4 ,! ,s5ate advis$ ! k+ to act m cauti\sly4 #g4 ,y\r fri5ds wi% to kill y by poison2 !re=e x is necess>y to act v cauti\sly4 #h4 ,! k+ wrote to ! ,roman ,s5ate1 ?ank+ & prais+ !m1 & re/or$ all ! prison]s :om he _h tak54 ,,xxviii4 #a4 ,a lion ( enorm\s size 0 br\ght into ! circus4 #b4 ,_m slaves _h be5 giv5 by _! ma/]s to fight wild bea/s4 #c4 ,an enorm\s & t]rible lion attract$ ! att5tion ( all by its ro>+4 #d4 ,x is said t ! lion1 see+ ,&roclus1 sudd5ly /ood /ill4 #e4 ,x is said t ! lion wagg$ its tail l a dog1 & lick$ ! man's h&s4 #f4 ,! slave recov]$ 8 lo/ c\rage & turn$ 8 eyes on ! lion4 #g4 ,y might h se5 ! lion lick+ ! legs & h&s ( ! slave4 #h4 ,a mimic hunt 0 giv5 9 ! circus1 = :i* _m wild-bea/s _h be5 s5t f ,africa4 ,,xxix4 #a4 ,l\d %\ts 7 ar\s$ by ?is wond]ful sight4 #b4 ,caes> ask$ :y ! lion sp>$ ,&roclus alone4 #c4 ,a wond]ful & m>vell\s /ory 0 told ,caes> by ! slave4 #d4 ,! slave1 driv5 to flight by 8 ma/]'s daily bl[s1 took refuge 9 ! des]t4 #e4 ,at mid-day ! slave hid 9 a cave1 to :i* a lion came4 #f4 ,an enorm\s lion 0 com+ to ! cave1 ) "o foot lame1 groan+ & sigh+4 #g4 ,he 0 at fir/ t]rifi$ by ! sight ( ! lion1 b soon recov]$ 8 c\rage4 #h4 ,! slave pull$ a l>ge ?orn out ( ! lion's foot2 ! lion !n plac$ its foot 9 8 h&s & slept4 ,,xxx4 #a4 ,he said t = ?ree ye>s he _h liv$ 9 ! same cave z ! lion4 #b4 ,i us$ to cook my food by ! mid-day sun1 because ,i _h no fire4 #c4 ,i am we>y ( ?is wild-bea/'s life1 & ,i w leave ! cave4 #d4 ,8 ma/] arre/$ him & s5t him f ,africa to ,rome4 #e4 ,my ma/] _h me condemn$ to dea? & giv5 to ! wild-bea/s 9 ! ,circus4 #f4 ,! lion1 aft] ,i 0 sep>at$ f x1 0 tak5 & s5t to ,rome4 #g4 ,&roclus1 aft] tell+ ?is wond]ful tale1 0 p>don$ & pres5t$ ) ! lion4 #h4 ,!y gave money to ! slave & fl[]s to ! lion1 :i* _h be5 ! ho/ ( ! man4 ,,xxxi4 #a4 ,polus1 a fam\s actor 9 ,greece1 _h a well-lov$ son4 #b4 ,polus lo/ 8 son1 & m\rn$ = him _m days4 #c4 ,polus 0 ab\t to act ! ,electra ( ,sophocles1 & to c>ry ! bones ( ,ore/es 9 8 h&s4 #d4 ,electra c>ri$ ! rema9s ( h] bro!r 9 an urn1 & wept = 8 dea?4 #e4 ,electra1 ! si/] ( ,ore/es1 0 dress$ 9 m\rn+ & c>ri$ ! rema9s ( h] bro!r4 #f4 ,%e took ! urn f ! tomb & c>ri$ x 9 h] h&s4 #g4 ,! urn1 :i* ,electra 0 c>ry+1 _h be5 plac$ 9 a tomb4 #h4 ,polus c>ri$ 9 8 h&s ! rema9s ( 8 own son1 & wept = 81 n ,ore/es'1 dea?4 ,,xxxii4 #a4 ,x is said t ambassadors came f ,a!ns to ,miletus to ask = help4 #b4 ,!y plead$ = ! ,milesians1 b ,demades repli$ t help ought n to be giv5 to !m4 #c4 ,demades ma9ta9$ t ! ,milesians 7 n wor?y ( help4 #d4 ,he said t x w\ld n be advantage\s to ! /ate to give help4 #e4 ,x is said t ,demades receiv$ f ! ,milesian ambassadors z mu* money z he ask$ =4 #f4 ,i am suff]+ f an inflam$ ?roat & !re=e ,i _c oppose ! ,milesian dem&s4 #g4 ,he did n conceal :at he _h done1 b said he _h receiv$ mu* money4 #h4 ,y receiv$ ?ree tal5ts = act+1 ,i receiv$ m = be+ sil5t4 ,,xxxiii4 #a4 ,cic]o wi%$ to buy a h\se on ! ,palat9e1 b _h no money at ! "t4 #b4 ,p4 ,sulla l5t ,cic]o #e1jjj1jjj se/]ces secretly4 #c4 ,y h receiv$1 said !y1 money f ,sulla = buy+ a h\se4 #d4 ,cic]o aft]w>ds b\ght ! h\se ) ! money :i* he _h receiv$ f ,sulla4 #e4 ,i said t ,i did n wi% to buy t h\se1 because ,i 0 a cauti\s fa!r ( a family4 #f4 ,cic]o's fri5ds reproa*$ him ) ?is lie4 #g4 ,cic]o told t lie1 because he _h receiv$ money f a def5dant4 #h4 ,cic]o wi%$ to buy t h\se1 b he said t he did n wi% to buy x4 ,,xxxiv4 #a4 ,_m fri5ds accompani$ ,julianus home4 #b4 ,a block1 _m /ories high1 0 blaz+4 #c4 ,he said t prop]ty 9 ! city gave great returns4 #d4 ,!re is no rem$y to prev5t h\ses at ,rome burn+4 #e4 ,he sold all 8 c\ntry prop]ty & b\ght city prop]ty4 #f4 ,! philosoph] said t alum 0 ! be/ rem$y = fire4 #g4 ,a wood5 t[]1 :i* _h be5 built to def5d ! city1 0 sme>$ ) alum by ,ar*elaus4 #h4 ,q4 ,claudius says t ?is t[]1 sme>$ ) alum1 c\ld n burn4 ,,xxxv4 #a4 ,arion ( ,lesbos liv$ at ,cor9?1 & 0 lov$ by ,p]i&]4 #b4 ,arion w5t to ,italy & *>m$ ! e>s ( all 9 t l&4 #c4 ,he ga9$ mu* money by play+1 & aft]w>ds wi%$ to return to ,k+ ,p]i&] at ,cor9?4 #d4 ,he *ose a ,cor9?ian %ip1 because he ?\ght ! sailors w\ld be m fri5dly to him4 #e4 ,arion gave all 8 money to ! sailors1 b pray$ !m to sp>e 8 life4 #f4 ,! sailors ord]$ ,arion to spr+ d[n into ! sea1 9 ord] t !y might take possession ( 8 money4 #g4 ,9 a l\d voice he sang ?is song1 & !n ?rew himself into ! sea4 #h4 ,he took 8 lyre 9 8 h& &1 /&+ on ! /]n1 began to s+ a song4 ,,xxxvi4 #a4 ,! sailors ?\ght t ,arion _h p]i%$ 9 ! sea1 & held on _! c\rse to ,cor9?4 #b4 ,x is said t a dolph9 c>ri$ ! man safe to ,ta5>um4 #c4 ,arion w5t f ,ta5>um to ,cor9? & relat$ :at _h happ5$ to himself4 #d4 ,! k+ believ$ t ,arion 0 deceiv+ him1 & ord]$ him to be gu>d$ = two days4 #e4 ,! k+ ord]$ ! sailors to be s5t =1 & ask$ !m if !y _h he>d any?+ ab\t ,arion4 #f4 ,! sailors told ! k+ t ,arion 0 liv+ 9 ,italy4 #g4 ,arion /ood =? be=e ! a/\nd$ sailors1 :o ?\ght t he _h p]i%$ 9 ! sea4 #h4 ,at ,ta5>um two bronze figures /& z a pro( ( ?is tale4 ,,xxxvii4 #a4 ,a c]ta9 b>b>ian b\ght a l>ge f>m plant$ ) olives & v9es4 #b4 ,! ,?racian saw 8 neighb\r prun+ 8 trees4 #c4 ,he ask$ 8 neighb\r :y he pull$ up ! v9e suck]s4 #d4 ,! trees ( 8 neighb\r 7 m fruitful ?an 8 own4 #e4 ,he ?ank$ 8 neighb\r & w5t home rejoic+4 #f4 ,! ignorant ,?racian took a sickle1 & began to cut (f ! mo/ luxuriant foliage ( ! trees4 #g4 ,he cut (f all ! fruitful twigs ( ! apple-trees4 #h4 ,! ignorant man ?\ght t he 0 prun+ 8 trees1 z 8 neighb\r _h done4 ,,xxxviii4 #a4 ,! ,k+ ( ,pontus 0 v skill$ 9 m$ic9e4 #b4 ,x is said t ^! m$ic9es are good = dissipat+ poisons4 #c4 ,! ,k+ ( ,pontus = 8 :ole life 0 on 8 gu>d aga9/ secret trea*]y4 #d4 ,mitridates (t5 drank poison to %[ t x 0 h>mless to him4 #e4 ,he slew himself ) 8 own sword1 7aft]7 hav+ 9 va9 tri$ ! /ronge/ poisons4 #f4 ,ennius c\ld speak ,greek1 ,lat9 & ,oscan1 & s he us$ to say t he _h ?ree he>ts4 #g4 ,! ,k+ ( ,pontus knew ! languages ( all ! nations "u 8 dom9ion1 tw5ty-two 9 numb]4 #h4 ,mitridates us$ to talk ) ! m5 ( ea* nation1 :om he _h "u 8 dom9ion1 9 ! language ( t nation1 & n ?r\gh an int]pret]4 ,,xxxix4 #a4 ,he gave ,protagoras half ( ! money :i* he ask$ =1 & promis$ to give ! rema9+ half aft]w>ds4 #b4 ,i w give y1 said he1 ! rema9+ half on ! fir/ day on :i* ,i w9 a case4 #c4 ,he 0 a pupil ( ,protagoras = a long :ile1 b did n und]take any case4 #d4 ,he did n und]take any case1 9 ord] to avoid pay+ ! re/ ( ! money4 #e4 ,protagoras ?\ght t 8 plan = ga9+ ! money 0 v clev]4 #f4 ,if ! v]dict is giv5 9 y\r fav\r1,a x w be necess>y = y to pay me ! money4 #g4 ,! judges left ! matt] unsettl$1 because !y did n "k :at s5t5ce !y ought to give4 #h4 ,! wise judges adj\rn$ ! law-suit to a v di/ant day4 ,footnote ,a3 ,! v]dict is giv5 9 my fav\r3 pronuntiatum e/ pro me4 ,,xl4 #a4 ,hannibal *ose t5 prison]s & s5t !m to ,rome4 #b4 ,he wi%$ aft] ! battle ( ,cannae to make an ex*ange ( prison]s ) 8 enemies4 #c4 ,! ,roman prison]s promis$ ) an oa? to return to ,hannibal4 #d4 ,!y told ! s5ators :at ,hannibal _h said ab\t an ex*ange ( prison]s4 #e4 ,_! relations embrac$ !m & pray$ !m ) te>s n to return to ,hannibal4 #f4 ,( ! t5 prison]s eight return$ to ,hannibal1 & two only rema9$ at ,rome4 #g4 ,! two prison]s1 :o rema9$ at ,rome1 7 despis$ by all4 #h4 ,! c5sors br&$ ) e m>k ( infamy ! prison]s1 :o _h refus$ to return to ,hannibal4 ,,lat9-,,engli% ,,vocabul>y4 ,! p>ts ( regul> v]bs are n giv54 ,a dot occurr+ 9 a ^w sep>ates ! p>ts ( a comp\nd4 ,a4 = ,aulus1 -i4 a1 ab1 prep4 gov4 abl41 f1 by4 abeo1 --ivi or -ii1 -7itum1 --ire1 #d v4 n41 ,i g away4 abh9c1 adv41 h5ce=w>d1 s9ce4 abi7icio1 -i-eci1 -iectum1 #c v4 a41 ,i ?r[ away1 ?r[ f4 7i7acio47 abl-eg1 v4 a4 #a1 ,i s5d away4 absolvo1 -solvi1 -s7ol-utum1 #c v4 a41 ,i set loose1 ,i acquit4 7abund-e1 adv41 abundantly1 suffici5tly4 7abundo1 ,i ov]fl[2 cf4 unda1 a wave47 ac1 conj41 &4 acc-ed1 -cessi1 -cessum1 #c v4 n41 ,i g to1 ,i approa*4 7ad1 c-ed47 acc7id 7or adc7id71 -cidi1 no sup41 #c v4 n41 ,i fall to1 fall out1 happ54 7ad1 c7ad47 7acies1 -ei1 f41 l9e-(-battle 7lit4 %>p edge74 7-ac]1 7acus47 acc7ipio1 -c-epi1 -ceptum1 #c v4 a41 ,i receive1 le>n1 he>4 7ad1 c7apio47 acc-us1 #a v4 a41 ,i impea*1 blame4 -ac]1 acris1 acre1 adj41 %>p1 eag]1 en]getic4 7ac]bus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 bitt]1 bad-temp]$4 7-ac]47 -acr7it]1 adv41 %>ply1 ke5ly4 7-ac]47 actor1 --oris1 m41 actor4 77ag47 acturus1 fut4 "p41 fr4 7ag4 7ad1 prep4 gov4 acc41 to1 =4 adcido4 ,cf4 accido4 add1 -d7idi1 -d7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i br+ to1 add4 7adeo1 --ivi or -ii1 -7itum1 #d v4 n41 ,i g to1 approa*4 ade7-o1 adv41 ?us f>2 usque adeo1 to su* an ext5t1 7ad1 is2 cf4 quoad47 adf7ero 7or aff7ero71 -t7uli1 -l-atum1 #c v4 a41 ,i br+ to4 adficio4 ,cf4 afficio4 adf-inis 7or aff9is71 -e1 adj41 neighb\r+ to1 relat$ to 7by m>riage72 z a sub/41 neighb\r1 relation4 ad7ig1 --egi1 -actum1 #c v4 a41 ,i drive to4 adigo aliquem 7ad7 iusiur&um1 ,i drive a man to an oa?1 make him swe>4 77ag47 adh7ibeo1 -h7ibui1 -h7ib7itum1 #b v4 a41 ,i br+ to1 employ4 7h7abeo47 ad7ipiscor1 -eptus1 #c v4 dep41 ,i obta94 77apiscor47 adi7uvo1 -i-uvi1 -i-utum1 #a v4 a41 ,i assi/4 adm-ir-atio1 --onis1 f41 wond]4 adm7iror1 #a v4 dep41 ,i wond] at4 admitto1 -m-isi1 -missum1 #c v4 a41 ,i br+ to1 br+ 91 admit4 adm7odum1 adv41 lit4 to a measure1 9 a high degree1 v4 7m7odus47 adno1 #a v4 n41 ,i swim to4 adpr7eh5do 7or appreh5do71 -pr7eh5di1 -pr7eh5sum1 #c v4 a41 ,i seize4 ads7iduus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 con/ant1 eag]1 dilig5t4 7adsideo3 cf4 cont9uus1 fr4 cont9eo47 ads7idue1 adv41 con/antly4 7adsiduus47 adsigno1 #a v4 a41 ,i attribute to4 7signum47 adsum1 -fui1 -esse1 v4 n41 ,i am pres5t4 ad7ulesc5s 7or ad7olesc5s71 -entis1 c41 "y man1 "y woman4 7ad7olesco47 ad7ulesc5tia1 -ae1 f41 y\?1 manly /r5g?1 7adolesco47 ad7ulor1 #a v4 dep41 ,i fawn on1 flatt]4 adv7enio1 -v-eni1 -v5tum1 #d v4 n41 ,i come to1 approa*4 adv]s-arius1 -a1 -um1 adj41 turn$ t[>ds1 oppos$ to2 sub/41 antagoni/4 7ad1 v]sus47 adv]sum1 or adv]sus1 adv41 & prep4 gov4 acc41 t[>ds1 aga9/4 adv]to1 -v]ti1 -v]sum1 #c v4 a41 ,i turn t[>ds1 obs]ve 7g5]ally 9 phrase 'animum adv]to'74 adv7oco1 #a v4 a41 ,i call to my aid4 adv7olo1 #a v4 n41 ,i fly t[>ds4 a$es 7or a$is71 -is1 f41 a build+1 temple2 9 pl41 a h\se4 a$7it7umus1 -i1 m41 keep] ( temple1 sacri/an4 7a$es47 aegr-e1 adv41 ) difficulty1 sc>cely4 aegre passus1 displeas$4 7aeg]47 7a-eneus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 braz54 7aes47 a]-arium1 -ii1 n41 treasury4 7aes47 aes1 a]is1 n41 copp]1 brass1 money4 ,aes-opus1 -i1 m41 ,aesop4 7,aispos47 aetas1 --atis1 f41 age 7= aev7itas1 fr4 aevum1 ain47 aff]o4 ,cf4 adf]o4 aff7icio1 -f-eci1 -fectum1 #c v4 a41 ,i affect 9 "s way3 afficio contumeli1 ,i affect1 br& ) disgrace1 i4e4 ,i disgrace1 insult4 7f7acio47 ,afr7ica1 -ae1 f41 ,africa1 i4e4 ! l& r\nd ,c>?age4 ,afr7ic-anus1 -i1 m41 agnom5 ( ,scipio4 7ag]1 agri1 m41 l&1 t]ritory4 7agros1 cf4 ,engli% acre1 ,g]man ,ack]47 7ag1 -egi1 actum1 #c v4 a41 ,i drive1 d1 act2 ( ! ,s5ate1 ,i transact1 ,i discuss3 ago gratias1 ,i give ?anks2 b5e ago1 ,i f>e well1 prosp]4 -aio1 v4 n41 defective1 ,i say4 ako9onotoi 7cf4 xxxiii4 #aj1 note71 defici5t 9 common s5se4 -ala1 -ae1 f41 w+4 albus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 :ite4 ,alc7ib7i7ades1 -is or -i1 m41 ,alcibiades4 7,alkibiads47 -ales1 -7itis1 adj41 w+$2 z sub/41 c41 a bird4 7-ala47 ,alex&]1 -dri1 m41 ,alex&]4 7,alex&ros47 7al7iqu7is1 aliquid1 sub/4 pron41 "s "o1 any "o4 77alius1 quis47 7al7it]1 adv41 o!rwise4 77alius47 7alius1 -a1 -um1 adj41 o!r1 ano!r4 7,cf4 allos47 alt-e1 adv41 deeply4 7altus47 alt]1 -7era1 -7erum1 adj41 ! "o 7or o!r7 ( two4 7,cf4 7alius47 altus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 deep2 z sub/41 altum1 i1 n41 ! deep sea4 77alo1 ,i n\ri%47 7al-um51 -7inis1 n41 alum4 amb7iguus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 wav]+1 hesitat+4 7amb7ig1 fr4 ambi1 ,gr4 amphi1 7ag47 amb7itus1 -u1 m41 lit4 a go+ r\nd1 brib]y4 7ambio4 fr4 ambi1 ,gr4 amphi1 eo47 ,ambr7aci5sis1 -e1 adj41 ,ambracian1 belong+ to ,ambr7acia1 t[n 9 ,s4 ( ,ep-irus4 7am7icio1 -7icui or -ixi1 -ictum1 #d v4 a41 ,i wrap ar\nd1 clo!4 7am or amb1 ,gr4 amphi1 & i7acio4 ,cf4 amphiball47 7amictus1 -a1 -um1 "p4 fr4 am7icio4 ,z sub/41 amictus1 -us m41 clo?+4 7am-icus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 fri5dly2 sub/41 7am-icus1 i1 m41 a fri5d4 77amo47 -amitto1 -m-isi1 -missum1 #c v4 a41 ,i s5d away1 let g1 lose4 7amo1 #a v4 a41 ,i love4 amplector1 -exus1 #c v4 dep41 ,i embrace4 7am cf4 amicio1 plecto1 ,i plait47 ampl7it-ud1 -7inis1 f41 dignity4 7amplus47 amp7uto1 #a v4 a41 ,i lop (f4 7an1 conj41 or1 :e!r 79 disjunctive int]rogations74 anceps1 -c7ip7itis1 adj41 two-head$1 d\btful1 dang]\s4 7an1 cf4 am7icio1 caput47 ,&roclus1 -i1 m41 ,&roclus4 7an7ima1 -ae1 f41 s\l4 7anim\s1 anemos1 t :i* brea!s47 7an7imadv]to1 -ti1 -sum1 #c v4 a41 ,i direct my att5tion to1 notice4 7animus1 ad1 v]to47 7an7imus1 -i1 m41 m9d4 7,cf4 anima47 ann-alis1 -e1 adj41 belong+ to a ye>4 ,z sub/41 annalis1 -is1 m4 7sc4 lib]71 *ronicle1 annal4 7annus47 annus1 -i1 m41 ye>4 ant7e1 adv41 & prep4 gov4 acc41 be=e4 ant7e-a1 adv41 be=e4 ant7equam1 conj41 be=e t4 ,ant7i7o*-inus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 belong+ to ,antio*us4 ,ant7i7o*us1 -i1 m41 ,antio*us 7,antio*os47 ant-iqu7itas1 --atis1 f41 antiquity1 old times4 7antiquus47 ant-iqu7itus1 adv41 f ( old1 9 =m] times4 7antiquus47 ant-iquus 7or anticus71 -a1 -um1 adj41 anci5t4 7ante47 ,ant-onius1 -ii1 m41 ,antonius4 7anus1 -u1 f41 old woman4 7ap7erio1 -7erui1 -7ertum1 #d v4 a41 ,i op54 7ap7ol7ogus1 -i1 m41 fable4 7apologos47 appello 7or adpello71 #a v4 a41 ,i drive to1 g to1 ,i acco/1 appeal to4 app7eto 7or adpeto71 --ivi & -ii1 --itum1 #c v4 a4 & n41 ,i seek =1 long =1 approa*4 appono 7or adpono71 -p7osui1 -p7os7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i place ne>4 appr7obo 7or adpr7obo71 #a v4 a41 ,i approve1 ,i confirm4 aptus1 -a1 -um1 "p4 fr4 7apo1 7ap]e1 ,i fit to2 fit1 suit$4 7,cf4 apiscor1 hapt47 7ap7ud1 prep4 gov4 acc41 ne> to1 at ! h\se (4 arbor1 -7oris1 f41 a tree4 arcesso1 --ivi1 --itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i s5d =4 ,ar*7el-au1 -i1 m41 ,ar*elaus4 ardeo1 arsi1 arsum1 #b v4 n41 ,i am on fire1 burn4 arduus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 /eep1 l(ty4 arg5tum1 -i1 n41 silv]4 arg-um5tum1 -i1 n41 pro(1 argum5t1 plot4 7arguo47 arg7yran*e 7arguran*74 ,cf4 xxxii4 #ad1 note4 7,ar-ion1 7onis1 m41 ,arion4 ,ari/7od-emus1 -i1 m41 ,ari/odemus4 7,ari/7ot7eles1 -is or -i1 m41 ,ari/otle4 arma1 -orum1 n41 plur4 only1 arms4 armilla1 -ae1 f41 bracelet4 7arma47 armo1 #a v4 a41 ,i arm1 equip4 7arma47 ars1 artis1 f41 art1 skill4 7,cf4 arma47 arx1 arcis1 f41 citadel4 7arceo47 asc5do1 -ndi1 -sum1 #c v4 n41 ,i m\nt up4 7sc&o1 ,i climb47 7-,as7i-at7icus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 belong+ to ,asia4 aspectus1 -u1 m41 look4 7aspicio47 asp]1 -7era1 -7erum1 adj41 h>%1 r\gh4 asp]nor1 #a v4 dep41 ,i despise4 7ab1 sp]no47 aspicio1 -exi1 -ectum1 #c v4 a41 ,i behold1 look at4 zporto1 #a v4 a41 ,i c>ry away4 7abs1 porto47 zs7ideo1 -s-edi1 -sessum1 #b v4 n41 ,i sit by2 ,i besiege4 7ad1 s$eo47 assum4 ,cf4 adsum4 a/-utus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 skill$1 clev]4 7a/us47 7at1 conj41 b4 7,a?-enae1 -arum1 f4 plur4 only1 ,a!ns4 7,a?-eni5sis1 -e1 adj41 ,a!nian4 -a?l-eta1 -ae1 m41 wre/l]1 a?lete4 7a?lts47 -a?l-et7icus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 a?letic4 ars a?letica1 a?letics4 atqu7e1 conj41 &4 7-atrox1 --ocis1 adj41 frightful1 fi]ce4 7-at]1 black1 gloomy47 ,att7ica1 -ae1 f41 ,attica4 att5t-e1 adv41 comp41 att5tius1 att5tively4 7att5do47 att+o1 -t7igi1 -tactum1 #c v4 a41 ,i t\*4 7adtango47 auctor1 --oris1 m41 au?or4 7augeo47 audeo1 ausus1 #b v4 a4 & n41 ,i d>e4 audio1 #d v4 a41 ,i he>4 7,cf4 auris1 e>47 aud-itor1 --oris1 m41 he>]4 7audio47 auf7ero1 abst7uli1 abl-atum1 auf]re1 #c v4 a41 ,i c>ry away1 take4 7ab1 f]o47 aureus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 gold54 7aurum47 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! furr[47 d-el7itesco1 -tui1 #c v4 n41 ,i lie hid1 conceal myself4 7l7atesco1 inceptive ( l7ateo47 delph-inus1 -i1 m41 dolph94 7delphis47 ,d-em-ad-es1 -is1 m41 ,demades4 7,dmads47 dem7eto1 -messui1 -messum1 #c v4 a41 ,i reap1 m[4 d-em-iror1 #a v4 dep4 a41 ,i wond] at4 d-em7oror1 #a v4 dep41 ,i l+]4 ,d-emo/h7enes1 -is & -i1 m41 ,demo/h5es4 7,dmo/h5s47 d-emulceo1 -mulsi1 -mulctum1 #b v4 a41 ,i /roke d[n1 c>ess4 d-emum1 adv41 at la/4 7de47 d-en7iqu7e1 adv41 & !n1 f9ally4 7de47 ,d5t-atus1 -i1 m41 ,d5tatus4 d-enuo1 adv41 aga94 7,= de novo47 d-ep7op7ulor1 #a v4 dep4 a41 ,i ravage4 d-ep7uto1 #a v4 a4 ,i cut (f1 prune4 der-ideo1 -si1 -sum1 #b v4 a41 ,i laugh at4 descisco1 --ivi or -ii1 --itum1 #c v4 n41 ,i )draw1 revolt f1 ab&on2 ) prep4 ab & abl4 d-es7ero1 -rui1 -rtum1 #c v4 a41 ,i des]t1 ab&on4 7,lit41 ,i undo1 sev]2 s]o1 ,i jo947 d-es]tus1 -a1 -um1 "p4 fr4 d-es7ero1 lonely1 des]t4 d-es-id7ero1 #a v4 a41 ,i long =4 d-es7ilio1 -7ilui1 -ultum1 #d v4 n41 ,i leap d[n1 7s7alio47 d-es7ino1 -sii1 r>ely -s-ivi1 -s7itum1 #c v4 n4 & a41 ,i give up1 cease4 d-es7ipio1 no p]f4 or sup41 -ere1 v4 n41 ,i act fooli%ly1 ,i am fooli%1 7s7apio47 d-es7itus1 -a1 -um1 "p4 ( des7ino1 obsolete1 disus$4 d-esp7icio1 -exi1 -ectum1 #c v4 a4 & n41 ,i look d[n ^u1 despise4 d-esum1 -fui1 -esse1 v4 n41 ,i am want+4 d-et7eg1 -xi1 -ctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i uncov]1 discov]4 d-et]geo1 -si1 -sum1 #b v4 a41 ,i wipe (f4 d-etr7aho1 -xi1 -ctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i take away4 d-etrunco1 #a v4 a41 ,i lop1 cut (f4 d7e-uro1 -ussi1 -u/um1 #c v4 a41 ,i burn up4 deus1 -i1 m41 god4 d-ev7eho1 -xi1 -ctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i c>ry away1 c>ry d[n4 d-ev7enio1 -v-eni1 -v5tum1 #d v4 n41 ,i come f1 ,i g to1 arrive at4 dext]1 -t7era1 -t7erum1 & tra1 trum1 adj41 on ! "r side1 "r4 7dexios47 ,di-ana1 -ae1 f41 ,diana4 d7icio1 --onis1 f41 rule1 jurisdiction4 7,cf4 dico1 condicio47 d-ico1 -xi1 -ctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i say1 tell1 call4 dictum1 -i1 n41 say+1 comm&1 7d-ico47 d-id-uco1 -xi1 -ctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i draw ap>t1 sep>ate4 dies1 -ei1 m4 79 s+4 com471 day4 diff]o1 di/7uli1 d-il-atum1 #c v4 a41 ,i c>ry away1 put (f4 diff-ic7ilis1 -e1 adj41 difficult1 h>d4 7f7ac7ilis47 d-ig7ero1 -gessi1 -ge/um1 #c v4 a41 ,i sep>ate1 disp]se1 dissipate4 d7ig7itus1 -i1 m41 f+]4 dign7itas1 --atis1 f41 rank1 dignity4 7dignus47 dignus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 wor?y4 d-igr7edior1 -gressus1 #c v4 dep41 ,i g away4 7gr7adior47 d-il7ac7ero1 #a v4 a41 ,i te> to pieces4 d-il-ucesco1 luxi1 no sup41 #c v4 n41 ,i beg9 to gr[ light4 7,inceptive =m ( dil-uceo47 d-il-uc7id-e1 adv41 cle>ly4 7dil-uceo1 lux47 d-im7idium1 -ii1 n41 half1 7di1 m$ius47 d-imitto1 -m-isi1 -missum1 #c v4 a41 ,i s5d away1 dismiss4 d-ir7ig1 -rexi1 -rectum1 #c v4 a41 ,i arrange 9 a /raight l9e1 ,i direct to4 disc-ed1 -cessi1 -cessum1 #c v4 n41 ,i dep>t1 g away4 disc9do1 -sc7idi1 -scissum1 #c v4 a41 ,i te> asund]1 cut op54 disc7-ipl-ina1 -ae1 f41 tea*+1 k1 tactics1 cu/om4 7disc7ip7ulus1 disco47 disc7ip7ulus1 -i1 m41 disciple1 foll[]4 7disco47 disco1 d7id7ici1 no sup41 #c v4 a41 ,i le>n4 7,root da3 cf4 didask1 doceo47 diss7im7ulant]1 adv41 secretly4 7diss7im7ulo47 d7i-u1 adv41 = a long "t4 7dies47 d-ivello1 -velli1 r>ely -vulsi1 -vulsum1 #c v4 a41 ,i te> asund]4 d-ives1 -7itis1 adj41 ri*4 d-iv-in7itus1 adv41 f heav51 by div9e provid5ce or influ5ce4 7d-ivus1 deus47 d-iv-inus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 div9e4 7d-ivus1 deus47 d1 d7edi1 d7atum1 d7are1 v4 a41 ,i give4 7,cf4 didmi d-onum47 d7oceo1 -cui1 -ctum1 #b v4 a41 ,i tea*4 7,cf4 disco47 d7oleo1 -ui1 -7itum1 #b v4 n4 & a41 ,i grieve1 ,i grieve =4 d7olor1 --oris1 m41 pa91 grief4 7d7oleo47 d7omi1 adv41 at home4 ,locative case ( d7omus4 d7omus1 -u1 f41 home1 h\se4 7domos1 root dem1 to build47 d-on7ec1 conj41 until4 d-ono1 #a v4 a41 ,i give1 ,i pres5t4 7d47 d-onum1 -i1 n41 gift1 7d47 dorsum1 -i1 n41 back4 d7ub7ito1 #a v4 a41 ,i hesitate4 d7ubius1 -a1 -um1 adj41 d\btful4 ,d7ubio pr7ocul1 )\t d\bt4 dum1 conj41 :il/1 until4 d7u7o1 -ae1 -7o1 num]41 two4 7duo47 d7u7od-ev-ig9ti1 num]41 eighte54 d-urus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 h>d1 h>%4 dux1 d7ucis1 m41 lead]4 7d-uco47 e1 ex1 prep4 gov4 abl41 out (1 f4 ,ex republica1 to ! advantage ( ! /ate4 7ed1 -edi1 -esum1 #c v4 a41 ,i eat4 7,cf4 7edax1 ed1 e/hi47 ecqu7is1 ecqu7id1 int]rog4 sub/4 pron41 :e!r any8 -ed1 -d7idi1 -d7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i give =?1 br+ =?1 produce1 utt]1 =m1 raise4 -ed-uco1 #a v4 a41 ,i re>1 educate4 eff7ero1 ext7uli1 -el-atum1 #c v4 a41 ,i br+ out4 eff7icio1 -f-eci1 -fectum1 #c v4 a41 ,i br+ to pass1 accompli%4 7ex1 f7acio47 7eg7o1 p]s4 pron41 ,i4 7eg7om7et1 ,i myself4 -egr7edior1 -gressus1 #c v4 dep41 ,i g out1 ,i leave4 7gr7adior47 -egr7eg7iu1 -a1 -um1 adj41 di/+ui%$1 em95t4 7e1 grex1 *os5 f ! h]d47 -,electra1 -ae1 f41 ,electra4 7lektra47 7el7ephantus1 -i1 m41 elephant4 7elephas47 -el7oqu5tia1 -ae1 f41 eloqu5ce4 7-el7oquor47 -el-ud1 -si1 -sum1 #c v4 a41 ,i mock1 je] at4 -emitto1 -m-isi1 -missum1 #c v4 a41 ,i s5d out4 7emo1 -emi1 emptum1 #c v4 a41 ,i buy4 emptio1 --onis1 f41 pur*ase1 buy+4 77emo47 7enim1 conj41 =4 s$ enim1 b inde$4 ,ennius1 -ii1 m41 ,ennius4 -enuntio1 #a v4 a41 ,i decl>e1 m5tion4 eo1 -ivi or ii1 7itum1 -ire1 #d v4 n41 ,i g4 7,root i2 cf4 eimi47 eo1 adv41 ?i!r1 = t reason1 !re=e4 7is47 7ephippium1 -ii1 n41 saddle1 horse cap>ison4 7ephippion1 f epi1 hippos47 7ep7ulae1 -arum1 f41 fea/1 banquet4 7,9 s+4 7ep7ulum1 -i1 n47 7equ7it-atus1 -u1 m41 cavalry4 77equus47 7equ7us1 -i1 m41 horse4 7hippos47 ergo1 adv41 !re=e4 -er7ubesco1 -bui1 no sup41 #c v4 n4 incep41 ,i gr[ r$1 blu%4 7et1 conj41 &4 7et7iam1 conj41 also1 ev54 7et7iamsi1 conj41 ev5 if4 ,eu&]1 -dri1 m41 ,ev&]4 ,eua?lus1 -i1 m41 ,eua?lus4 -ev]to1 -ti1 -sum1 #c v4 a41 ,i ov]?r[4 exangu7is1 or exsanguis1 -e1 adj41 bloodless1 lifeless4 7ex1 sanguis47 ex7an7im-atus1 "p41 f ex-7an7imo1 lifeless4 ex7an7imo1 #a v4 a41 ,i deprive ( life4 7anima47 exc-id1 -c-idi1 -c-isum1 #c v4 a41 ,i cut out1 (f4 7ca$o47 exc7ito1 #a v4 a41 ,i ar\se4 7,freq4 =m ( excio47 excl-amo1 #a v4 a4 & n41 ,i cry out1 exclaim4 exeo1 -ivi or ii1 -7itum1 -ire1 #d v4 n41 ,i g out4 exerceo1 -ui1 -7itum1 #b v4 a41 ,i drive on1 ,i practise4 7arceo47 ex]c7itus1 -u1 m41 army4 7ex]ceo47 ex]to1 or exs]to1 no p]f4 & sup41 #a v4 a41 ,i ?ru/ out4 7ex1 s]to1 freq4 ( s7ero47 ex7ig1 --egi1 -actum1 #c v4 a41 ,i drive out4 77ag47 ex7ilium1 or exsilium1 -ii1 n41 exile4 7exul47 ex7imius1 -a1 -um1 adj41 extraord9>y1 uncommon4 7eximo1 ,i take out ( ! mass47 exi/7imo1 #a v4 a41 ,i judge1 consid]4 7ae/imo47 ex7itus1 -u1 m41 go+ out1 dep>ture4 7exeo47 exordior1 -orsus1 #d v4 dep4 a41 ,i beg94 expecto1 or exspecto1 #a v4 a41 ,i look =4 7ex1 specto47 exp7erior1 -p]tus1 #d v4 dep41 ,i try4 exp-iro1 or exsp-iro1 #a v4 a41 ,i brea! out4 7ex1 spiro47 exp-ono1 -p7osui1 -p7os7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i set =?1 expla94 expr7imo1 -pressi1 -pressum1 #c v4 a41 ,i press out4 7pr7emo47 expr-omo1 -mpsi1 -mptum1 #c v4 a41 ,i br+ =?1 utt]4 extemplo1 adv41 imm$iately4 exto1 or ex/o1 no p]f4 & sup41 -are1 v4 n41 ,i /& =?1 appe>4 7ex1 /o47 extr-a1 prep4 gov4 acc41 outside4 ,extra tela1 out ( range4 extr-emus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 out]mo/1 fur!/4 ,extrem nocte1 at ! v end ( night4 ,sup]l4 degree f ext] & ext7erus1 po/-classical1 ext7erior1 extr-emus1 & ext7imus4 7ex47 exurgo1 or exsurgo1 exurrexi1 no sup41 #c v4 n41 ,i rise up4 7ex1 surgo47 ex-uro1 -ussi1 -u/um1 #c v4 a41 ,i burn up4 ,f7abius1 -ii1 m41 ,fabius4 ,f-abr7icius1 -ii1 m41 ,fabricius4 f-ab7ula1 -ae1 f41 fable1 /ory4 7f-ari1 to say47 f7ac7ilis1 -e1 adj41 easy1 good-natur$4 7f7acio47 f7ac7inus1 -7oris1 n41 de$1 crime4 7f7acio47 f7acio1 f-eci1 factum1 f7ac7ere1 #c v4 a41 ,i make1 d4 ,facio cum aliquo1 ,i take "p ) anyone4 factum1 -i1 n41 de$4 7f7acio47 f-acundia1 -ae1 f41 eloqu5ce4 7f-ari1 to say47 fallo1 f7efelli1 falsum1 #c v4 a41 ,i deceive4 7sphall1 asphals47 falsus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 false4 7fallo47 falx1 falcis1 f41 sickle4 f-ama1 -ae1 f41 r5[n4 7f-ari1 to say47 f7am7ilia1 -ae 7old g54 -z71 f41 ! slaves 9 a h\sehold1 a h\sehold4 f7am7ili-aris1 -e1 adj41 belong+ to a h\sehold 7f7am7ilia71 intimate2 z sub/41 fri5d4 ,f7av-or-inus1 -i1 m41 ,favor9us4 f-ecundus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 fruitful4 f-el-ic7it]1 happily3 f-el-icius1 f-el-icissime4 7f-elix47 f-elix1 f-el-icis1 adj41 happy1 ri*4 f7era1 -ae1 f41 wild bea/4 7f]us47 f7er-e1 adv41 almo/4 f7er-inus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ( wild bea/s4 7f7erus47 f]m-e1 adv41 ne>ly1 ab\t1 usually4 7,cf4 f]e47 f7ero1 t7uli1 l-atum1 f]re1 #c v4 a41 ,i be>2 ,i tell1 say4 7ph]1 tollo47 f7erox1 f7er-ocis1 adj41 fi]ce4 7,cf4 f]us47 f7erus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 wild4 7,cf4 f]ox47 f]vo1 -vi1 no sup41 #c1 v4 n41 ,i gr[ hot2 common] =m1 f]veo1 -bui1 no sup41 #b4 fe/-ino1 #a1 v4 n4 & a41 ,i ha/54 f-etus1 -u1 m41 brood1 (fspr+4 f7ides1 -ei1 f41 fai?1 tru/wor?9ess4 7f-id47 f7ides1 -is1 f41 /r+1 /r+$ in/rum5t1 lyre2 usually 9 plural only4 f-id-ucia1 -ae1 f41 tru/1 c\rage4 7fido47 f-ilius1 -ii1 m41 son4 f+o1 -nxi1 -nctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i =m1 fa%ion4 f-io1 factus1 fi7eri1 v4 n41 7us$ z pass4 ( facio71 ,i am made1 become4 firmo1 #a v4 a41 ,i /r5g!n4 7firmus47 fl-ag7itium1 -ii1 n41 %ameful act1 disgrace4 7fl-ag7ito47 fl7agro1 #a v4 n41 ,i burn1 blaze4 fl-avesco1 no p]f4 & sup41 #c v4 n41 ,i become yell[4 7,inceptive =m ( fl-aveo47 flecto1 -xi1 -xum1 #c v4 a41 ,i b5d4 fl-os1 --oris1 m41 fl[]4 fluctus1 -u1 m41 wave4 7fluo47 fluito1 #a v4 n41 ,i float4 7,int5sitive =m ( fluo47 f7oc7ulus1 -i1 m41 little he>?1 brazi]4 7dim9utive ( focus47 f7oris1 adv41 out ( doors1 7f7oris1 a door47 =m-id1 -7inis1 f41 fe>4 =s1 =tis1 f41 *ance4 =t7e1 adv41 by *ance4 7abl4 ( =s47 =tis1 -e1 adj41 brave4 =t7it]1 adv41 bravely4 7=tis47 =t7it-ud1 -7inis1 f41 brav]y4 7=tis47 =tu7-itus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 accid5tal4 7=s47 fr-at]1 -tris1 m41 bro!r4 7phratr1 clansman47 fraud7ul5tus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 deceitful4 7fraus47 fraus1 fraudis1 f41 deceit4 frax7inus1 -i1 f41 a% tree4 fr7em7itus1 -u1 m41 ro>+ 7fr7emo47 fr-enum1 -i1 n41 bridle1 bit4 frons1 frondis1 f41 leafy bran*1 foliage4 fr-uges1 -um4 ,cf4 frux4 fr-um5tum1 -i1 n41 corn4 7,= frug7im5tum1 cf4 frux1 fruor47 fru/r-a1 adv41 9 va94 7,cf4 fraus47 frux1 fr-ugis1 f41 fruit4 ,nom4 s+4 r>e2 m common 9 plural4 7,cf4 fruor47 f7uga1 -ae1 f41 flight1 7f7ugio1 pheug47 f7ug7it-ivus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 fugitive4 7f7ugio47 fulgeo1 fulsi1 no sup41 #b v4 n41 ,i glitt]4 7,cf4 fulgur1 lightn+47 fundo1 f-udi1 f-usum1 #c v4 a41 ,i p\r out1 scatt]4 fundus1 -i1 m41 f>m4 furtim1 adv41 secretly4 7fur1 ?ief47 f-usus4 ,cf4 fundo4 g7alea1 -ae1 f41 helmet4 ,gall7icus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 belong+ to ,gaul1 ,gallic4 ,gallus1 -i1 m41 a ,gaul4 ,gellius1 -ii1 m41 ,gellius4 g7em7itus1 -u1 m41 groan4 7g7emo47 g5s1 g5tis1 f41 clan1 race1 nation4 7,cf4 gigno1 g5us47 g7enus1 -7eris1 n41 race1 k9d4 7g5os1 g5s1 gigno47 g7ero1 gessi1 ge/um1 #c v4 a41 ,i be>1 ,i c>ry on4 ge/o1 #a v4 a41 ,i c>ry4 7,int5s4 ( g7ero47 gigno1 g7enui1 g7en7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i produce4 7,cf4 g5s1 g5us47 gl7adius1 -ii1 m41 sword4 gl-oria1 -ae1 f41 r5[n1 glory4 ,graec-e1 adv41 9 ,greek4 ,graecia1 -ae1 f41 ,greece4 gr-am51 -7inis1 n41 grass4 gr-am7ineus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 made ( grass4 7gr-am547 gr&is1 -e1 adj41 great1 l>ge1 abundant4 ,gr&is natu1 advanc$ 9 age4 gr-atia1 -ae1 f41 fav\r1 influ5ce1 gratitude1 ?anks3 ) ag]e 9 plural only4 ,9 abl4 grati1 = ! sake (1 ) g54 7gratus47 gr-at7ul-atio1 -onis1 f41 rejoic+1 congratulation4 7gr-at7ulor47 gr-at7ulor1 #a v4 dep41 ,i congratulate1 give ?anks4 7gr-atus47 g7ula1 -ae1 f41 ?roat4 h7abeo1 #b v4 a41 ,i h4 h7ab7ito1 #a v4 a4 & n41 ,i inhabit1 dwell 94 7,int5sitive ( h7abeo47 ha]eo1 haesi1 haesum1 #b v4 n41 ,i /ick to4 ,hann7ibal1 -7alis1 m41 ,hannibal4 haud1 adv41 n4 haurio1 hausi1 hau/um1 #d v4 a41 ,i draw up1 dr9k1 te> op51 w\nd4 haut 7or haud71 adv41 n4 hautqu-aquam1 or haudquaquam1 adv41 by no means4 ,h]cles 7or ,h]c7ules71 -is & -i4 m41 ,h]cules4 ,= =m ,h]cle1 cf4 iii4 #a4 note4 h-ic1 haec1 h-oc1 demon/r4 pron41 ?is4 h-ic1 adv41 "h4 h7il7aris1 -e1 adj41 m]ry1 amus+4 h9c1 adv41 h5ce4 7hic47 hio1 #a v4 n41 ,i op5 my m\?1 gape4 ,rimis hiantem1 ) wide op5 clefts1 lit41 gap+ op5 ) clefts4 ,hisp-ania1 -ae1 f41 ,spa94 ,hisp-an7icus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ,spani%4 hi/rio1 --onis1 m41 actor4 7,etruscan ^w hi/]1 an actor47 h7odi-e1 adv41 to-day4 7hoc die47 h7odi]nus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ( ?is day4 7h7odie47 h7omo1 -7inis1 m41 man4 7,cf4 h-um-anus47 h7one/us1 -a1 -um1 adj41 hon\rable1 prop]1 respectable4 7h7onor47 h7onor1 or h7onos1 --oris1 m41 hon\r4 ,h7or-atius1 -ii1 m41 ,horatius4 hortor1 #a v4 dep41 ,i enc\rage1 urge4 7,cf4 ornumi1 horm47 hospes1 -7itis1 m41 ho/1 gue/1 /rang]4 7,cf4 ho/is1 /rang]1 enemy47 hosp7ita1 -ae1 f4 7fem99e =m ( hospes17 female ho/1 gue/1 /rang]4 ho/is1 -is1 c41 enemy4 h-uiusc7em7odi1 & h-uiusm7odi1 ( ?is k9d4 7,cf4 m7odus47 h7um7erus1 -i1 m41 %\ld]4 h7um7ilis1 -e1 adj41 l[1 humble1 insignificant4 7h7umus1 gr\nd47 i7acio1 i7eci1 iactum1 #c v4 a41 ,i ?r[4 iam1 adv41 already1 n[4 7ib7-i1 adv41 !re1 !reupon4 7is47 7ib7-idem1 adv41 9 ! same place1 imm$iately4 7ibi1 dem4 cf4 idem47 ictus1 -u1 m41 bl[1 /roke4 7,obsolete pres5t1 ico & icio1 ,i /rike47 idcirco1 adv41 !re=e4 7id-circo47 -idem1 7e7adem1 7idem1 pron41 same4 7is1 & suffix dem47 7id-oneus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 fit4 7ig7itur1 conj41 !n1 !re=e4 7is1 & suffix tur47 ign-avia1 -ae1 f41 c[>dice4 79-gn-avus1 lazy1 c[>dly2 f navus1 or gnavus1 busy47 ignis1 -is1 m41 fire4 ign-om7inia1 -ae1 f41 disgrace4 79-n-om51 or gn-om51 loss ( good "n47 ign-oro1 #a v4 a4 & n41 ,i am ignorant (4 7ign-arus1 = 9-gn>us or -n>us47 ignosco1 -n-ovi1 n-otum1 #c v4 a41 ,i p>don1 ov]look4 79-gnosco or -nosco47 ign-otus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 unkn[n4 79gnotus or notus47 -ilex1 -7icis1 f41 holm-oak1 or great sc>let oak4 ,qu]cus ilex ,l4 -il7ico 7or illico71 adv41 on ! spot1 imm$iately4 791 loco47 ill7e1 ill7a1 ill7ud1 demon/r4 pron41 t1 he4 ill-ic1 adv41 9 t place1 !re4 7ille1 ce47 imm-ob7ilis1 -e1 adj41 motionless4 791 m7oveo47 imp7edio1 --ivi or -ii1 --itum1 #d v4 a41 ,i h9d]4 791 pes47 imp7er-ator1 --oris1 m41 g5]al4 7imp7ero47 imp7erium1 -ii1 n41 comm&1 empire4 7imp7ero47 imp7ero1 #a v4 a41 ,i comm&1 ,i rule ov] 7dat474 impetro1 #a v4 a41 ,i accompli%1 obta94 imp7etus1 -u1 m41 attack1 =ce4 79peto1 ,i ru% ^u47 imm-itis1 -e1 adj41 /]n4 91 prep4 gov4 acc4 & abl41 91 into1 on1 aga9/4 9c-ed1 -cessi1 -cessum1 #c v4 n41 ,i approa*4 inc5dium1 -ii1 n41 fire4 79-c5do1 fr4 91 c&eo47 9c-id1 -c-idi1 -c-isum1 #c v4 a41 ,i cut into1 cut ?r\gh1 op54 791 ca$o47 9c7ipio1 -c-epi1 -ceptum1 #c v4 a41 ,i beg94 791 c7apio1 ,i seize ^u47 9cl-ud1 -si1 -sum1 #c v4 a41 ,i %ut 94 7claudo47 9cogn7itus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 unkn[n4 79cognosco47 9c7ol7umis1 -e1 adj41 un9jur$1 safe4 9cru5tus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 bloodless4 7cruor47 9curro1 -curri or -c7ucurri1 cursum1 #c v4 n41 ,i ru% into1 ru% aga9/1 attack4 incursio1 --onis1 f41 inroad1 attack4 79curro47 ind7e1 adv41 !nce1 !nce=w>d4 7is47 9d-ico1 -xi1 -ctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i proclaim4 ,ind7icus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ,indian4 9dignus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 unwor?y4 9d-uco1 -xi1 -ctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i br+ 91 exhibit4 induo1 -ui1 --utum1 #c v4 a41 ,i put on4 7endu47 ineptus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 unsuitable1 fooli%4 791 aptus47 7inexpl7ic-ab7ilis1 -e1 adj41 h>d to unfold1 und]/&1 intricate4 791 ex1 plico1 ,i fold47 inf7itiae1 -arum1 f41 d5ial4 ,only us$ 9 acc4 plur4 9 phrase infitias ire1 to d5y4 7infateor47 9flo1 #a v4 a41 ,i bl[ into or ^u4 in=mis1 -e1 adj41 %apeless4 7=ma47 infr-a1 adv41 & prep4 gov4 acc41 bel[4 7,= inf]7a1 sc4 p>te47 9fr+o1 -fr-egi1 -fractum1 #c v4 a41 ,i break 9 ^u1 break4 7frango47 +7enium1 -ii1 n41 nature1 tal5t1 g5ius4 791 gigno47 +5s1 -entis1 adj41 imm5se4 9gr-atus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ungrateful4 9gr7edior1 -gressus1 #c v4 dep41 ,i /ep into1 advance4 7gr7adior47 7in7im-icus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ho/ile2 z sub/41 an enemy4 791 7am-icus47 9-iquus1 -a1 -um1 unequal1 unfair1 dang]\s4 791 aequus47 9i-ur-atus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 unsworn1 reliev$ f oa?4 791 i-uro47 ini-uria1 -ae1 f41 wrong1 insult4 791 ius47 inl7ec7ebra1 or ill7ec7ebra1 -ae1 f41 attraction1 allurem5t4 7illicio47 inlu/ris1 or illu/ris1 -e1 adj41 fam\s4 7inlu/ro1 ,i make light47 inm-anis1 or immanis1 -e1 adj41 fi]ce4 791 m-anus1 old ,lat9 ^w bonus3 cf4 manes1 good spirits47 inm5sus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 immeasurable4 7metior47 inm7er7ito1 adv41 undes]v$ly4 791 m]eo47 9mitto1 -m-isi1 -missum1 #c v4 a41 ,i s5d 91 ?ru/ 91 c>ry 91 incite or suborn aga9/4 ,us$ absolutely1 sc4 equum1 urge horse =w>d1 vi4 #i4 9mort-alis1 or immort-alis1 -e1 adj41 immortal4 97op-in-atus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 unexpect$4 791 7op-inor47 9p7er-itus1 -a1 -um1 unskill$4 9p]fectus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 n ?or\ghly f9i%$1 unf9i%$4 7f7acio47 9pl-umis1 -e1 adj41 unfea!r$1 unfl$g$4 7pl-uma47 9p-ono1 -p7osui1 -p7os7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i place on4 inquam1 v4 n41 defective1 ,i say4 9qu-iro1 -s-ivi1 -s-itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i se>* into1 exam9e1 791 qua]o47 9r-ideo1 -r-isi1 -r-isum1 #b v4 a4 & n41 ,i laugh at4 ins-ania1 -ae1 f41 madness4 7s-anus47 9sc5do1 -endi1 -ensum1 #c v4 a41 ,i climb up1 m\nt4 7sc&o47 9s7ideo1 -s-edi1 -sessum1 #b v4 n41 ,i sit on1 occupy1 7s7edeo47 9s7idiae1 -arum1 f41 plur4 only1 ambu%1 trea*]y4 7ins7ideo47 insigne1 -is1 n41 badge1 ornam5t4 79signis1 di/+ui%$ by a m>k1 signum47 9si/o1 -/iti1 no sup41 #c v4 n41 ,i /& on1 re/ on1 p]si/4 9s7ol5s1 -entis1 adj41 unaccu/om$ to1 ) g54 791 s7oleo47 ins7ol5t]1 adv41 haughtily4 79sol5s47 9specto1 #a v4 a41 ,i look ^u4 7,frequ5tative ( 9spicio1 f specio47 in/9ctus1 -a1 -um1 "p4 fr4 in/+uo4 in/+uo1 -nxi1 -nctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i incite4 7,only 9 p]f4 "p4 pass4 9 classical writ]s47 in/7ituo1 -ui1 --utum1 #c v4 a41 ,i det]m9e4 7/7atuo47 9/o1 -/7iti1 no sup41 #a v4 n41 ,i /& ^u1 press ^u1 insi/4 9/ruo1 -xi1 -ctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i build ^u1 ,i draw up1 arrange4 9suesco1 --evi1 --etum1 #c v4 n41 ,i am accu/om$4 ins7ula1 -ae1 f41 isl&1 lodg+-h\se4 int7eg]1 -gra1 -gram1 adj41 unt\*$1 s\nd4 7tango47 intell7eg1 -exi1 -ectum1 #c v4 a41 ,i p]ceive1 und]/&4 7int]1 l7eg47 int]1 prep4 gov4 acc41 betwe51 among4 int7er7e-a1 adv41 mean:ile4 7int]ea1 f is47 int]d-ico1 -xi1 -ctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i =bid4 int7ereo1 -ii1 -7itum1 #d v4 n41 ,i die4 7,lit41 ,i g among sev]al ?+s1 & s1 disappe>47 int]f7icio1 -f-eci1 -fectum1 #c v4 a41 ,i kill4 7f7acio1 lit41 ,i put betwe547 int7erim1 adv41 mean:ile4 7int]1 im old acc4 ( is47 int]7itus1 -u1 m41 ru91 dea?4 7int]eo47 int]pres1 -7etis1 com41 int]pret]4 int]r7og1 #a v4 a41 ,i "q1 ask4 int7imus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 inmo/1 sup]lative f int7erus1 n f\nd2 cf4 int] & intra1 int7erior4 intr-a1 adv41 & prep4 gov4 acc41 )94 9tr7ep7idus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 fe>less4 intr-od-uco1 -xi1 -ctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i br+ 91 introduce4 intr7oeo1 --ivi or -ii1 -7itum1 #d v4 n41 ,i g 91 ent]4 intr-ogr7edior1 -gressus1 #c v4 dep41 ,i /ep 91 ent]4 7gr7adior47 intr-orumpo1 -r-upi1 -ruptum1 #c v4 n41 ,i bur/ into4 9v7enio1 -v-eni1 -v5tum1 #d v4 a41 ,i come ^u1 f9d4 9v-isus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 hat$4 79v7ideo1 ,i look at ) evil eye1 hate47 ipse1 -a1 -um1 demon/r4 pron41 himself1 h]self1 itself4 -ira1 -ae1 f41 ang]4 is1 ea1 id1 demon/r4 pron41 t1 he1 %e1 x4 i/7e1 -a1 -7ud1 demon/r4 pron41 t ( y\rs1 t ne> y4 i/ic1 -aec1 -oc or -uc1 demon/r4 pron41 t ( y\rs1 t ne> y4 7,= i/ece47 7ita1 adv41 ?us1 s4 -,it7alia1 -ae1 f41 ,italy4 7item1 adv41 likewise1 also4 7is47 7it]1 x7in7eris1 n41 j\rney4 7eo47 7it7erum1 adv41 a second "t1 aga94 7,acc4 s+4 ( comp>ative =m f is47 7it7idem1 adv41 9 l mann]4 7ita1 dem47 i7ubeo1 iussi1 iussum1 #b v4 a41 ,i ord]4 i-ucunde1 adv41 pleasantly4 7i-ucundus47 i-ucundus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 pleasant1 delightful4 7i7ocus47 i-udex1 -7icis1 m41 judge4 7ius1 d-ico47 i-ud7ico1 #a v4 a41 ,i judge1 decide4 7ius1 d-ico47 ,i-uli-anus1 -i1 m41 ,julian4 ,i-up7it] 7or ,iupp7it]71 ,i7ovis1 m41 ,jupit]1 ,jove4 7,iovis pat]3 cf4 ,zeus patr4 ,iovis f root div1 bright47 i-uro & i-uror 7dep471 #a v4 a41 ,i swe>4 7ius47 i-us1 i-uris1 n41 "r1 law1 ju/ice4 7,root iu1 jo93 cf4 zeugnumi47 iusiur&um1 iurisiur&i1 n41 oa?4 7ius1 i-uro47 iu/us1 -a1 -um1 adj41 "r1 fair4 7ius47 ,l41 = ,lucius4 l7abor1 --oris1 m41 toil1 lab\r4 ,l7ac7edaem7onius1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ,lac$aemonian1 ,sp>tan4 ,l7ac-on7icus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ,laconian1 ,lac$aemonian4 l7-acr7imo1 #a v4 n41 ,i weep4 7l7-acr7ima3 cf4 dakru1 te>47 laet7itia1 -ae1 f41 joy4 7laetus47 laetus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 glad1 ri*4 lambo1 -bi1 -b7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i lick4 l-am5ta1 orum1 n41 plur4 only1 wail+1 lam5tation4 l-ana1 -ae1 f41 wool4 l7anio1 #a v4 a41 ,i te>1 mangle4 7,cf4 l7ac]1 torn to pieces47 lat-e1 adv41 widely4 7l-atus47 l7at-ebra1 -ae1 f41 hid+ place4 7l7ateo1 ,i lie hid47 l7at7-ebr-osus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 full ( hid+ places2 hidd51 retir$4 7l7at7-ebra47 ,l7at-in-e1 adv41 9 ,lat94 ,l7at-inus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ,lat94 l-atro1 #a v4 n41 ,i b>k1 b>k at4 l-atus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 broad4 l-atus1 -a1 -um1 "p4 ( f7ero4 l7atus1 -7eris1 n41 side4 laudo1 #a v4 a41 ,i praise4 7laus47 laurus1 -u1 f41 bay tree1 laurel tree4 laus1 laudis1 f41 praise4 laxo1 #a v4 a41 ,i loos51 relax4 7laxus2 cf4 languidus47 l-eg-atus1 -i1 m41 ambassador1 lieut5ant4 7l-eg1 -are1 ,i s5d ) a *>ge1 depute47 l7eg1 -lexi1 -ctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i collect1 *oose out1 read4 7leg1 logos1 dileg5s47 l-en7it]1 adv41 g5tly4 7l-enis3 cf4 l5tus47 leo1 --onis1 m41 lion4 len4 l7ep7id-e1 adv41 *>m+ly1 humor\sly4 7l7ep7idus47 l7ep7idus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 *>m+1 humor\s4 7l7epos1 *>m47 ,lesbius1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ,lesbian1 ( ,lesbos4 l7evo1 #a v4 a41 ,i raise up1 relieve4 7,cf4 l7evis1 light47 lex1 l-egis1 f41 law4 l7ib5t]1 adv41 gladly1 will+ly4 7l7ibet47 l7ib]1 -bri1 m41 book4 7,lit41 inn] b>k ( tree47 l-ib7er-alis1 -e1 adj41 befitt+ a freeman1 decor\s1 noble4 7l-ib]47 l-ib7ero1 #a v4 a41 ,i set free4 7l-ib]47 l-ibra1 -ae1 f41 p\nd4 7,cf4 litra47 l7icet1 l7icuit & l7ic7itum e/1 #b v4 n41 defective1 x is all[able4 ligneus1 -a1 -um1 adj441 wood54 7lignum47 lignum1 -i1 n41 :at is ga!r$ 7l7eg7 z firewood1 wood4 l-ine-am5tum1 -i1 n41 feature4 7l-inea1 a l9e47 l+ua1 -ae1 f41 tongue4 l-is1 l-itis1 f41 lawsuit4 l-itigi-osus1 -a1 -um1 qu>relsome4 7lis47 litt]a 7or l-it]a71 -ae1 f41 lett]4 7l7ino47 l7ocus1 -i1 nom4 plur4 -i & -a1 m41 place1 position1 rank4 long-e1 adv41 f> (f1 by f>4 longus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 long1 f> (f4 l7oquor1 -c-utus1 #c v4 dep41 ,i speak1 say4 l-orum1 -i1 n41 ?ong1 lea%4 ,l-ucius1 -ii1 m41 ,lucius4 luctus1 -u1 m41 m\rn+4 7l-ugeo47 l-ugeo1 -xi1 -ctum1 #b v4 n4 & a41 ,i m\rn1 m\rn =4 l-ug7-ubris1 -e1 adj41 m\rnful4 7l-ugeo47 ,l-us7it-anus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ( ,lusitania4 lux1 l-ucis1 f41 light1 day4 ,lucis ortu1 at sunrise2 prim luce1 at dawn4 7l-uceo47 ,m41 = ,m>cus4 m7agis1 adv41 m3 comp>ative degree f magn7op7ere1 magis1 maxime4 7,root magh3 cf4 megas47 m7agi/]1 -tri1 m41 ma/]4 7m7agis & comp>ative suffix t]47 magn7it-ud1 -7inis1 f41 size4 7magnus47 magnus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 great4 7,root magh3 cf4 megas47 m-aior1 maius1 adj41 comp>ative degree ( magnus1 maior1 max7imus4 m&-atum1 -i1 n41 comm&4 7m&o47 m&o1 #a v4 a41 ,i entru/1 comm&1 enjo9 ^u4 ,m&o litt]is1 ,i commit to writ+4 7manus1 d47 m7aneo1 -nsi1 -nsum1 #b v4 n41 ,i rema94 ,manlius1 -ii1 m41 ,manlius4 mans7u-etus1 -a1 -um1 "p4 f mansuesco1 tam$1 g5tle4 mans7u-esco1 -s7u-evi1 s7u-etum1 #c v4 a4 & n41 ,i tame1 gr[ tame4 7,manus1 suesco1 ,i accu/om to ! h&47 m7anus1 -u1 f41 h&1 b&4 ,m>cus1 -i1 m41 ,m>cus4 m7ar7e1 -is1 n41 sea4 7,root m>1 to %9e3 cf4 m>mor47 m7ar7it7imus1 -a1 -um1 belong+ to ! sea1 m>itime4 7m>e47 m7ar-itus1 -i1 m41 husb&4 7mas47 m-at]1 -tris1 f41 "m4 7mtr47 m-at]f7am7ili-as1 m-atrisf7am7ili-as1 f41 "m ( a family1 matron4 m-atr7im-onium1 -ii1 n41 m>riage4 7m-at]47 m-atr-ona1 -ae1 f41 matron4 7m-at]47 m-at-uresco1 -rui1 no sup41 #c v4 n4 inceptive1 ,i become ripe4 max7imus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 greate/2 sup]lative degree1 f magnus1 maior4 m7edeor1 no p]f41 #b v4 dep41 ,i cure4 m7ed7ic-ina1 -ae1 f41 m$ic9e1 rem$y4 7,f adj4 m7ed7ic-inus1 sc4 ars47 m7ed7ic-inus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 m$ical4 7,cf4 m7edeor47 m7ed7icus1 -i1 m41 doctor4 7,cf4 m7edeor47 m7edius1 -a1 -um1 adj41 middle4 7mesos47 membrum1 -i1 n41 limb4 m7em7oria1 -ae1 f41 memory1 recollection1 /ory4 7m7emor47 m7em7oro1 #a v4 a41 ,i call to remembrance1 ,i relate4 7,cf4 memoria47 ,m7en&]1 -dri1 m41 ,m5&]4 7,m5&ros47 m5d-acium1 -ii1 n41 lie4 7m5dax1 m5tior47 m5s1 m5tis1 f41 m9d4 7,root mem2 cf4 mem9i47 m5tior1 #d v4 dep41 ,i tell lies4 7,lit41 ,i inv5t1 root m53 cf4 m5s47 m]ces1 --edis1 f41 price4 7m7ereor1 ,i e>n47 m]cor1 #a v4 dep4 a41 ,i buy4 7m]x1 m]*&ise1 m7ereor47 m7ereor1 #b v4 dep41 ,i des]ve1 e>n1 7m]os1 %>e47 m7er-idi-anus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ( mid-day4 7m]-idies = m$i- dies1 f m7edius1 dies47 messis1 -is1 acc4 -em & -im1 f4 h>ve/4 7m7eto47 ,m-e?ymnaeus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ( ,me?ymna4 7,m?umna47 m7eto1 messui1 messum1 #c v4 a41 ,i reap4 7,cf4 messis47 m7etus1 -u1 m41 fe>4 meus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 my4 m7ico1 -ui1 no sup41 #a v4 n41 ,i glitt]4 m7-igro1 #a v4 n41 ,i dep>t f1 quit4 7,cf4 meo1 ,i g47 m-iles1 -7itis1 c41 soldi]4 ,m-il-esius1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ( ,miletus4 ,m-il-etus1 -i1 f41 ,miletus1 a t[n 9 ,asia ,m9or4 7,miltos47 m-il7it-aris1 -e1 adj41 milit>y4 7m-iles47 ,m7ilo1 --onis1 m41 ,milo4 m7ini/ro1 #a v4 a41 ,i wait ^u1 s]ve up1 h&4 7m7ini/]1 s]vant47 m7inor1 -u1 adj41 less4 comp>ative ( p>vus4 7,root m93 cf4 m9uo1 ,i less547 m7inor1 #a v4 dep41 ,i ?reat54 7m9ae1 ?reats47 m-ir&us1 -a1 -um1 wond]ful3 g]4 ( m-iror4 m-ir7if7icus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 caus+ wond]1 m>vell\s4 7m-irus1 f7acio47 m-iror1 #a v4 dep41 ,i wond] at4 7,cf4 m-irus47 m-irus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 wond]ful4 m7is]1 -era1 -erum1 adj4 wret*$4 7,root mi3 cf4 m7inuo47 m7is]&us1 -a1 -um1 pitiable3 g]undive ( m7is]or4 m7is]or1 #a v4 dep41 ,i pity4 7m7is]47 m-itis1 -e1 adj41 g5tle4 ,m7itr7id-ates1 -is & -i1 m41 ,mitridates or ,mi?ridates4 mitto1 m-isi1 missum1 #c v4 a41 ,i s5d4 m-ob7ilis1 -e1 adj41 movable1 fickle4 7,= movibilis1 f m7oveo47 m7ode/us1 -a1 -um1 adj41 mod]ate1 virtu\s1 discreet4 7m7odus47 m7od7o1 adv41 only4 7,lit41 by measure1 m7odus47 m7odus1 -i1 m41 measure1 mann]4 huiusmodi1 ( ?is sort4 mo5ia1 -ium1 n41 plur4 only1 def5sive walls1 ramp>ts4 7,cf4 m-unio47 mollis1 -e1 adj41 easy1 s(t1 7moveo47 m7oneo1 #b v4 a41 ,i w>n1 advise1 rem9d4 m7on-ile1 -is1 n41 coll>1 necklace4 m7on7im5tum1 -i1 n41 monum5t4 7m7oneo1 ,i rem9d47 mons1 montis1 m41 m\nta94 m7or7ibundus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 dy+4 7m7orior47 m7orior1 mortuus1 #c v4 n41 ,i die4 m-or-osus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 bad-temp]$4 mors1 mortis1 f41 dea?4 7,cf4 m7orior47 mos1 m-oris1 m41 mann]1 cu/om4 ,m urs9o1 l a be>4 ,de m1 accord+ to cu/om1 z usual4 mox1 adv41 soon4 m7uli-ebris1 -e1 adj41 womanly1 7m7uli]47 m7uli]1 -7eris1 f41 woman4 multo 7or mulcto71 #a v4 a41 ,i puni%1 f9e4 multus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 _m1 mu*4 ,comp41 pl-us2 sup41 pl-ur7imus4 mundus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 clean1 tidy4 m-un-im5tum1 -i1 n41 =tification4 7m-unio47 m-unio1 #d v4 a41 ,i =tify4 7,cf4 mo5ia1 m-urus47 murmur1 -7uris1 n41 compla9t4 m-urus1 -i1 m41 wall4 7,root mu3 cf4 m-unio1 mo5ia47 m-utuus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 borr[$1 l5t4 7m-uto1 ,i *ange47 nam1 conj41 =4 nanciscor1 nactus1 & nanctus1 #c v4 dep41 ,i obta91 rea*4 n-aris1 -is1 f41 no/ril1 nose2 usually 9 plural4 n>ro1 #a v4 a41 ,i tell1 relate4 7,cf4 ign>us1 nosco2 root gna1 "k47 nascor1 n-atus1 #c v4 dep41 ,i am born1 spr+ up4 n-atio1 --onis1 f41 race1 nation4 7nascor47 n-at-ura1 -ae1 f41 nature4 ,r$iit 9 naturam1 x return$ to its natural position4 7nascor47 n-atus1 -u1 m41 bir?1 age4 ,natu gr&is1 advanc$ 9 age4 7nascor47 nauta4 ,cf4 navita4 n-av-alis1 -e1 adj41 naval4 7n-avis47 n-avis1 -is1 f41 %ip4 7naus47 n-av7ita 7or nauta71 -ae1 m41 sailor4 7n-avis47 n-e1 adv4 & conj41 n1 9 ord] t n1 le/4 -n7e1 enclitic int]rog4 p>ticle4 n7eb7ulo1 --onis1 m41 wor?less fell[4 7n7eb7ula1 mi/3 cf4 n-ubes1 cl\d47 n7ec1 nei!r1 nor1 & n4 n7ecess7e1 adj41 nom4 & acc4 neut] only1 necess>y4 n7eco1 #a v4 a41 ,i kill4 7,cf4 nekus1 corpse47 negl7ig1 & negl7eg1 -exi1 -ectum1 #c v4 a41 ,i neglect4 7nec1 l7eg1 ,i d n pick up47 n7eego1 #a v4 n4 & a41 ,i d5y1 refuse4 n-emo1 -7inis1 pron41 no "o4 7ne1 h7omo47 n-equ-aquam1 adv41 by no means4 n7equ7e1 nei!r1 nor1 & n4 nex1 n7ecis1 f41 viol5t dea?4 7n7eco47 n-id7ulus1 -i1 m41 a little ne/4 7dem94 ( n-idus47 n7ih7il1 n-il1 n41 indecl41 no?+4 n7ih7ilo1 by no?+2 cf4 n7ih7ilum4 ,us$ ) comp>atives1 nihilo m9us1 none ! less4 n7ih7ilum1 -i1 n41 no?+4 n7imis1 adv41 too mu*4 n7im7ium1 adv4 & sub/41 too mu*4 n7is7i1 conj41 unless4 n-itor1 n-isus & nixus1 #c v4 dep41 ,i /rive4 n-ob7ilis1 -e1 adj41 celebrat$1 noble4 7,= gnobilis1 f nosco or gnosco47 n-om51 -7inis1 n41 "n4 7,cf4 nosco47 non1 adv41 n4 nonn7e1 int]rog4 adv41 is n8 nonnullus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 "s1 sev]al4 nos1 plur4 ( ego1 we4 7,cf4 n47 nos metipsi1 we ourselves4 nosco1 n-ovi1 n-otum1 #c v4 a41 ,i "k4 7,or gnosco1 root gno3 cf4 n-om51 n-obilis47 no/]1 -tra1 -trum1 adj41 our4 7n-os47 n-ota1 -ae1 f41 m>k1 br&4 7nosco47 n-otus1 -a1 -um1 kn[n1 "p4 f nosco4 n7ovem1 num]41 n9e4 n7ovus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 new4 nox1 noctis1 f41 night4 7nux47 noxa1 -ae1 f41 injury1 h>m4 7n7occo47 n-ubo1 -psi1 -ptum1 #c v4 n41 ,i am m>ri$ 7( ! woman71 ) dative4 7,lit41 ,i veil myself3 cf4 n-ubes47 n-udus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 b>e1 un>m$4 nullus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 none4 7neullus47 n-um51 -7inis1 n41 nod1 w1 div9ity4 7nuo47 n7um7erus1 -i1 m41 numb]4 7,cf4 nem1 ,i di/ribute1 nummus47 nunc1 adv41 n[4 7numce3 cf4 nun47 nunquam1 adv41 nev]4 7ne-unquam47 nuntio1 #a v4 a41 ,i ann\nce1 report4 7,cf4 n7ovus47 nusquam1 adv41 n[h]e4 7ne-usquam47 7ob1 prep4 gov4 acc41 on acc\nt (4 obi7icio1 & -ob7icio1 obi-eci1 obiectum1 #c v4 a41 ,i ?r[ be=e1 ,i reproa* )4 7j7acio47 obl7ino1 -l-evi1 -l7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i sme> ov]4 7obo$io1 #d v4 n41 ,i obey1 ) dative4 7ob1 audio47 7ob7orior1 -ortus1 #d v4 dep41 ,i gr[1 spr+ up4 obp7eto 7or oppeto71 --ivi or -ii1 --itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i enc\nt]4 obpugno 7or oppugno71 #a v4 a41 ,i fight aga9/1 attack4 obs7ecro1 #a v4 a41 ,i besee*1 entreat4 7sacro1 lit41 ,i ask on religi\s gr\nds1 ob sacrum47 obs7ideo1 -s-edi1 -sessum1 #b v4 n41 ,i besiege4 7s7edeo47 obs7idio1 --onis1 f41 siege4 7obs7ideo47 obs]vo1 #a v4 a41 ,i notice1 att5d to4 obt7ineo1 -ui1 -t5tum1 #b v4 a41 ,i hold4 7t7eneo47 obv7enio1 -v-eni1 -v5tum1 #d v4 n41 ,i come 9 way (1 fall to lot (4 obviam1 adv41 ) dative1 9 ! way4 ,obviam ire1 progr$i1 etc41 alicui1 to meet anyone4 7via47 obvius1 -a1 -um1 adj41 9 ! way4 7via47 occ-id1 -c-idi1 c-isum1 #c v4 a41 ,i kill4 7ca$o47 occ7upo1 #a v4 a41 ,i seize1 take hold (4 7ob1 c7apio47 octo1 num41 eight4 7okt47 oct-og9ta1 num41 eighty4 7oc7ulus1 -i1 m41 eye4 7,cf4 osse1 ! two eyes2 ossomai1 ,i see47 (f7ero1 obt7uli1 obl-atum1 #c v4 a41 ,i (f]1 pres5t4 (f7icium1 -ii1 n41 s]vice1 "w1 duty4 7,= opificium1 opus1 f7acio47 7olea1 -ae1 f41 olive tree4 7elaia47 7ole-ag7ineus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ( ! olive4 77olea47 7oleum1 -i1 n41 olive oil4 7elaion47 7omitto1 -m-isi1 -missum1 #c v4 a41 ,i neglect4 7ob1 mitto1 ,i let g47 omnis1 -e1 adj41 all4 7op7era1 -ae1 f41 "w4 7,cf4 7opus47 7op-imus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ri*1 fat1 *oice4 7op-inio1 --onis1 f41 op9ion1 supposition4 7op-inor47 opp7erior1 -p]-itus & -p]tus1 #d v4 dep41 ,i wait =4 7,cf4 exp]ior & p]itus1 f obsolete p]ior47 opp7idum1 -i1 n41 t[n4 oppleo1 --evi1 --etum1 #b v4 a41 ,i fill up4 oppr7imo1 -essi1 -essum1 #c v4 a41 ,i press aga9/1 oppress1 cru%4 7pr7emo47 ops1 7opis1 f41 nom4 s+4 n us$1 p[]1 weal?1 help4 7,cf4 7opul5tus47 opt7imus1 -a1 -um1 sup]lative ( b7onus4 7,cf4 ops47 opto1 #a v4 a41 ,i wi% =4 7,root op1 pick out3 cf4 opsomai47 opt7ulit 7or obt7ulit71 fr4 (f7ero4 -or-ac7ulum1 -i1 n41 oracle1 7-oro47 7or-atio1 -onis1 f41 spee*1 7-oro47 7,ore/es1 -is or -i1 ,ore/es4 7,ore/s47 7orior1 ortus1 #d v4 dep41 ,i arise4 ,sol ori5s1 sunrise4 7,cf4 ornumi47 orn-atus1 -u1 m41 attire4 7orno47 orno1 #a v4 a41 ,i adorn4 -oro1 #a v4 a41 ,i pray =1 beg4 7-os47 or?ius1 -a1 -um1 adj41 high4 ,c>m5 or?ium1 nomos or?ios3 cf4 note xxxv4 #ba4 ortus1 -u1 m41 ris+4 77orior47 solis ortu1 at sunrise4 -os1 -oris1 n41 m\?1 face4 7os1 ossis1 n41 bone4 7o/eon47 ,osc-e1 adv41 9 ,oscan4 o/5do1 -di1 -sum & -tum1 #c v4 a41 ,i %[4 7obst5do47 o/5to1 #a v4 a41 ,i %[2 freq4 =m fr4 o/5do4 -oti-osus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 unoccupi$1 free1 quiet4 7-otium47 ,p4 = ,publius1 -ii1 m41 ,publius4 p-ab7ulum1 -i1 n41 food4 7pasco47 p7aciscor1 -i1 pactus1 #c v4 dep41 a4 & n41 ,i agree1 b>ga94 7,cf4 pax1 pactum47 pactum1 -i1 n41 agreem5t1 mann]4 7p7aciscor47 p7alam1 adv41 op5ly4 ,p7al-atium1 -ii1 n41 ! ,palat9e hill4 palma1 -ae1 f41 palm4 palmes1 -7itis1 m41 v9e-%oot4 7palma47 p7al-us1 --udis1 f41 m>%4 7plos1 mud47 pango1 p7ep7igi1 pactum 7also panxi & p-egi1 panctum71 #c v4 a41 ,i settle4 7,cf4 pax47 ,p7ap-irius1 -ii1 m41 ,papirius4 p-ar1 p7aris1 adj41 equal4 p>co1 p7ep]ci1 r>ely p>si1 p>c7itum & p>sum1 #c v4 n41 ) dat41 ,i sp>e4 p7ar5s1 -entis1 c41 p>5t4 7p7ario47 p-areo1 #b v4 n41 ) dative1 ,i obey4 p7ario1 p7ep7eri1 p7ar7itum & p>tum1 #c v4 a41 ,i beget1 produce4 p>s1 p>tis1 f41 "p1 side4 p>tus1 -u1 m41 bir?1 (fspr+4 7p7ario47 p7arum1 adv41 too little4 7,cf4 p>vus47 p>vus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 small4 7,cf4 paucus47 pa/us1 -u1 m41 food1 pa/ure4 7pasco47 p7at]1 p-atris1 m41 fa!r4 7patr1 root pa3 cf4 pasco47 p7atior1 passus1 #c v4 dep41 ,i suff]1 all[4 ,aegre passus1 displeas$4 paucus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 few4 7,root pau3 cf4 pauros1 paulus47 paul-atim1 adv41 by degrees1 gradually4 7paulus1 little47 p7av7ef7acio1 -f-eci1 -factum1 #c v4 a41 ,i t]rify4 7p7aveo47 pax1 p-acis1 f41 peace4 7,root pac1 make firm3 cf4 paciscor1 pango1 pgnumi47 pectus1 -7oris1 n41 brea/3 m9d4 p7ec-unia1 -ae1 f41 money4 7p7ecus1 cattle be+ ! orig9al /&>d ( value47 p7ede/]1 -tris1 -tre1 adj41 on foot2 9 plur4 z sub/41 foot-soldi]s4 7pes47 ,p7elasgus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ,pelasgian4 ,p7el7oponn5si7acus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ,peloponnesian4 p7en7itus1 adv41 deeply1 ?or\ghly4 p]1 prep4 gov4 acc41 ?r\gh4 p]callesco1 -lui1 no sup41 #c v4 a41 ,i am well v]s$ 91 "k well4 7,inceptive =m f p]calleo3 cf4 call7idus47 p]contor1 #a v4 dep41 ,i enquire4 p]cr-ebesco 7or p]crebresco71 bui 7or brui71 no sup41 #c v4 n41 ,i spread abroad4 7creb]47 p]c7utio1 cussi1 cussum1 #c v4 a41 ,i /rike4 securi p]cutio1 ,i behead4 7qu7atio47 p]d1 -d7idi1 -d7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i lose4 p7er5die1 adv41 on ! day aft] to-morr[4 7p]an1 dies47 p7ereo1 -ii or --ivi1 -7itum1 #d v4 n41 ,i pass away1 die4 p]f7odio1 -f-odi1 -fossum1 #c v4 a41 ,i dig ?r\gh1 pi]ce ?r\gh4 ,p7eri&]1 -dri1 m41 ,p]i&]4 ,p7er7icles1 -is or -i1 m41 ,p]icles4 p7er-ic7ulum1 -i1 n41 dang]4 p7er-itus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 skill$4 7,"p4 fr4 obsolete p]ior3 cf4 opp]ior47 p]m-etior1 -ensus1 #d v4 dep4 a41 ,i measure ?r\gh1 travel ov]4 p]mitto1 m-isi1 missum1 #c v4 a41 ,i suff]1 all[4 p]m7oveo1 -m-ovi1 -m-otum1 #b v4 a41 ,i move ?or\ghly1 r\se1 di/urb4 p]m-ut-atio1 --onis1 f41 ex*ange4 7p]m-uto47 p]m-uto1 #a v4 a41 ,i ex*ange4 p]p7etior1 pessus1 #c v4 dep4 n41 & a41 ,i suff]1 endure4 7p7atior47 p]su-adeo1 -su-asi1 su-asum1 #b v4 a41 ,i conv9ce1 p]suade4 p]ta$et1 -taesum e/1 #b v4 n41 imp]sonal2 x ?or\ghly we>ies4 7,acc4 ( p]son affect$1 & g54 ( ?+ or p]son caus+ ! we>9ess47 p]v7enio1 -v-eni1 -v5tum1 #d v4 n41 ,i arrive at4 p-es1 p7edis1 m41 foot4 7,cf4 p\s1 podos47 pe/7il5tia1 -ae1 f41 plague4 7pe/is47 ,p7et-ilius1 -ii1 m41 ,petilius4 p7eto1 --ivi or -ii1 --itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i seek1 ask =4 7,lit41 to fall ^u3 cf4 pipt47 p7et7ulantia1 -ae1 f41 impud5ce4 7,obsolete p7et7ulo3 cf4 p7eto47 ph7al7erae1 -arum1 f41 plur4 only1 ornam5ts = *e/s & =eheads ( horses4 7phal>a47 ,ph7il-emon 7or ,ph7il-emo71 --onis1 m41 ,philemon4 7,philmn47 ph7il7os7ophus1 -i1 m41 philosoph]4 7philosophos47 ,phrygia1 -ae1 f41 ,phrygia4 p7iget1 p7iguit & p7ig7itum e/1 #b v4 n4 7r>ely us$ p]sonally71 x tr\bles1 displeases4 p9na1 or p5na1 -ae1 f41 fea!r4 7,root pet3 cf4 petomai1 ,i fly47 ,p-iraeus1 -i1 ! ,piraeus1 port ( ,a!ns4 pius1 -a1 -um1 adj41 dutiful1 k9d4 pl7aceo1 #b v4 n41 ,i am pleas+2 (t5 us$ imp]sonally1 placet mihi1 x pleases me1 seems good to me1 is my op9ion2 ( ! s5ate1 x is resolv$1 det]m9$4 pl7ac7id-e1 adv41 g5tly1 quietly4 7pl7ac7idus1 pl7aceo47 pl-an-e1 adv41 cle>ly1 pla9ly4 7pl-anus1 level47 plebs1 plebis 7or pl-ebes1 -ei & -is71 f41 ! common p4 pl-erusque1 -aque1 -umque1 adj41 v _m1 mo/4 7pl]us3 cf4 pl-enus1 root ple1 fill47 pl-umo1 #a v4 a4 & n41 ,i cov]1 or am cov]$ )1 fea!rs1 am fl$g$4 7pl-uma47 pl-us1 pl-uris1 adj41 m3 comp>ative ( multus4 ,pl-ut>*us1 -i1 m41 ,plut>*4 p-oc7ulum1 -i1 n41 cup1 goblet4 7,cf4 p-otus1 a draught47 ,po57icus1 -a1 -um1 adj4 ,cf4 ,po5us4 ,po5us1 -a1 -um1 ,punic1 ,c>?ag9ian4 ,cf4 ix4 #h note4 po5a1 -ae1 f41 puni%m5t1 p5alty4 7po91 punio1 po5iteo47 ,p7olus1 -i1 m41 ,polus4 ,pompt-inus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 ,pompt9e1 i4e4 ne> ,pometia1 9 ,latium4 p-omum1 -i1 n41 fruit or apple4 pondo1 adv41 9 or by weight4 7pondus47 pondus1 -7eris1 n41 weight4 7p5do1 ,i hang up47 p-ono1 p7osui1 p7os7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i place4 pons1 pontis1 m41 bridge4 7prop1 a pa?1 patos1 ,g]man ,pfad1 esp4 across a riv]3 cf4 ,pontifex47 ,pontus1 -i1 m41 di/rict 9 ,asia ,m9or4 p7op7ulus1 -i1 m41 p4 porg]e4 ,cf4 porrigo4 porr7ig1 -rexi1 -rectum1 #c v4 a41 ,i /ret* out4 7,sev]al contract$ =ms1 porg]e1 porge1 porgite1 etc47 7pro1 rego47 posco1 p7oposci1 no sup41 #c v4 a41 ,i dem&4 possies1 old pres4 subj4 ( possum1 = possis4 possum1 p7otui1 posse1 v4 n41 ,i am able4 7p7otis1 sum47 po/1 adv41 & prep4 gov4 acc41 aft]w>ds1 aft]4 po/e-a1 adv41 aft]w>ds4 7po/1 ea1 f is47 po/7erior1 -u1 comp>ative fr4 po/]us4 po/7erus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 com+ aft]2 z sub/41 desc5dant4 7po/1 comp4 po/7erior1 sup4 po/r-emus47 po/hac1 adv41 aft] ?is1 h5ce=?4 po/l-im7inium1 -ii1 n41 return to rank & privileges4 ,cf4 note xl4 #ac4 7po/1 lim51 usual d]ivation47 po/quam1 conj41 aft] t4 po/r-emus1 -a1 -um1 la/2 sup]lative f po/7erus4 ad po/remum1 at la/4 po/r-idi-e1 adv41 on ! next day4 7po/7erus1 dies47 po/7ul-atio1 --onis1 f41 dem&4 7po/7ulo47 po/7ul-atum1 -i1 n41 dem&4 7po/7ulo47 po/7ulo1 #a v4 a41 ,i dem&4 7posco47 p7otior1 #d v4 dep41 ,i obta9 possession (2 ) g54 & abl4 7p7otis1 able47 p7otius1 adv41 r2 only us$ 9 comp>ative p7otius1 & sup]l4 p7otissime4 7fr4 p7otis1 -e1 adj41 p7otior1 p7otissimus47 praebeo1 #b v4 a41 ,i (f]1 give4 praeceps1 -7ip7itis1 adj41 head-fir/1 headlong1 7prae1 c7aput47 praec-id1 -c-idi1 -c-isum1 #c v4 a41 ,i cut (f4 7ca$o47 praec7ipio1 -c-epi1 -ceptum1 #c v4 a41 ,i take be=eh&1 ,i in/ruct4 7c7apio47 praecl-arus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 fam\s4 pra$a1 -ae1 f41 booty1 spoil4 praed7ico1 #a v4 a41 ,i proclaim1 decl>e publicly4 pra$ium1 -ii1 n41 f>m1 e/ate4 praefectus1 -i1 m41 a man plac$ ov]1 ov]se]1 prefect4 7prae1 f7acio47 prae=1 #a v4 dep41 ,i say be=eh&4 praefulgeo1 -si1 no sup41 #b v4 n41 ,i glitt]4 praemium1 -ii1 n41 rew>d4 praem7oneo1 #b v4 a41 ,i =ew>n1 admoni% be=eh&4 praes5s1 -entis1 adj41 pres5t4 7praesum47 praeses1 -7idis1 adj41 protect+2 z sub/41 rul]4 7prae1 s7edeo47 prae/o1 -7iti1 -7itum 7r>ely --avi1 --atum71 #a v4 n4 & a41 ,i am sup]ior1 ,i surpass4 praet]1 prep4 gov4 acc41 besides1 except4 7prae1 & suffix t]47 praet]7itus1 -a1 -um1 "p4 fr4 praet]eo1 pa/4 praet7ereo1 -ii or --ivi1 7itum1 #d v4 n4 & a41 ,i pass by4 praetext-atus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 we>+ ! toga praetexta4 pr7eti-os-e1 adv41 exp5sively1 spl5didly4 7pr7eti-osus3 cf4 pr7etium47 pr7etium1 -ii1 n41 price4 pr-imum1 adv41 at fir/4 ,ubi1 or cum1 primum1 z soon z4 pr-imus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 fir/1 sup]l42 no positive2 comp4 prior4 7,cp4 priscus47 pr9c7ipium1 -ii1 n41 beg9n+4 7pr9ceps47 prior1 -u1 adj41 =m]1 comp42 7,cf4 pr-imus47 prius1 adv41 be=e4 7prior47 priusquam1 conj41 be=e t4 pro1 prep4 gov4 abl41 be=e1 =1 9 proportion to4 pr-oc-ed1 -cessi1 -cessum1 #c v4 n41 ,i advance4 pr-oc-er7itas1 --atis1 f41 height4 7pr-oc-erus47 pr-oc-erus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 tall4 7procello47 pr-ocons7ul-aris1 -e1 adj41 proconsul>1 act+ in/ead ( a consul4 pr7oc7ul1 adv41 absolutely1 or ) abl41 ) or )\t 'ab'2 at a di/ance1 f> f4 ,dubio procul1 )\t d\bt4 pr7oc-uro1 #a v4 a4 & n41 ,i take c>e (4 pr-odeo1 -ii1 -7itum1 -ire1 #d v4 n41 ,i come =w>d1 7pro1 eo47 pr-od1 -d7idi1 -d7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i give =?1 report1 relate2 ,i betray4 proelium1 -ii1 n41 battle4 pr-of7ero1 -t7uli1 -l-atum1 #c v4 a41 ,i br+ =?1 ,i prolong4 pr7of7iciscor1 -fectus1 #c v4 dep4 n41 ,i set out4 7pro1 f7acio47 pr7ofundus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 deep2 z sub/4 pr(undum1 -i 7sc4 m>e71 deep sea4 pr-ogr7edior1 -essus1 #c v4 dep4 n41 ,i advance4 7gr7adior47 pr7oind-e1 adv41 j s1 j z4 pr-oi7icio1 or pr-o7icio1 -i-eci1 -iectum1 #c v4 a41 ,i ?r[ =w>d1 ?ru/ =w>d4 7i7acio47 pr-omitto1 -m-isi1 -missum1 #c v4 a41 ,i s5d =?2 ,i say be=eh&1 promise4 pr-om7oveo1 -m-ovi1 -m-otum1 #b v4 a41 ,i move =w>d1 cause to advance4 promptus1 -u1 m41 read9ess4 9 promptu esse1 to be at h&1 ready4 7pr-omo1 ,i take =?47 pr-onuntio1 #a v4 a41 ,i proclaim1 ann\nce4 pr7ope1 adv41 & prep4 gov4 acc41 ne>1 almo/3 pr7ope1 pr7opius1 prox7im-e4 pr7op7ero1 #a v4 a4 & n41 ,i ha/54 7pr7op7erus1 quick47 pr7op9quus1 -a1 -um1 ne>1 neighb\r+2 z sub/41 a neighb\r4 7pr7ope47 propt]1 prep4 gov4 acc41 on acc\nt (4 7= propit]1 fr4 pr7ope47 propt7ere-a1 adv41 on acc\nt ( ^? ?+s1 !re=e4 pr-opugno1 #a v4 n41 ,i fight 9 front (1 fight =1 def5d4 pr-or7ipio1 -r7ipui1 -reptum1 #c v4 a41 ,i drag =?2 se prorip]e1 to ru% =?1 take refuge 94 7r7apio47 prorsus1 adv41 =w>d1 directly4 7pro1 v]sus47 pr-os7equor1 -c-utus1 #c v4 dep4 a41 ,i foll[4 prospectus1 -u1 m41 view4 7prosp7icio47 prosp7er-e1 adv41 successfully4 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--ivi or ii1 -itum1 #d v4 a41 ,i puni%4 7po5a47 puppis1 -is1 f41 /]n1 poop ( %ip4 purgo1 #a v4 a41 ,i make clean1 cle>4 7p-urus1 7ag47 p7uto1 #a v4 a41 ,i ?9k4 7,lit41 ,i trim1 arrange1 & s reckon1 ?9k2 root1 pu1 cleanse3 cf4 purus47 ,pyrrhus1 -i1 m41 ,pyrrhus4 qu-adr-ag9t-a1 num41 =ty4 qua]o1 -s-ivi or -sii1 s-itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i seek1 inquire =1 ask4 quaeso1 --ivi or -ii1 no sup41 #c v4 a41 ,i seek1 beg4 ,us$ p>5!tically1 'pray4' quae/us1 -u1 m41 ga91 bus9ess4 7qua]o47 qu-alis1 -e1 adj4 pron41 ( :at k9d2 talis 444 qualis1 su* 444 z4 7quis47 quam1 conj4 & adv41 ?an1 z4 7qui47 quamobrem1 adv41 relative & int]rog41 :]e=e4 quamquam1 conj41 al?\gh4 quantus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 h[ great1 z great4 7quam47 qu7as7i1 adv41 z if1 j z4 7quamsi47 quattuord7ecim 7or quatuord7ecim71 num]41 f\rte54 -qu7e1 enclitic conj41 &4 qu7eo1 --ivi & -ii1 -7itum1 -ire1 #d v4 n41 ,i am able4 qu]cus1 -u1 f41 oak4 qui1 quae1 quod1 rel4 pron41 indef4 adj4 pron4 & int]4 adj4 pron41 :o1 :at4 qu7i7a1 conj41 because4 7,= 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adj41 swift4 7r7apio47 r7atio1 --onis1 f41 reason1 acc\nt4 7reor47 r7ec-ed1 -cessi- -cessum1 #c v4 n41 ,i fall back1 )draw4 r7ec7ipio1 -c-epi1 -ceptum1 #c v4 a41 ,i take back1 receive4 7c7apio47 r7ec7ito1 #a v4 a41 ,i read out1 repeat4 r7econdo1 -d7idi1 -d7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i put back1 hide4 r7ecord-atio1 -onis1 f41 recollection4 7recordor3 cf4 cor47 r7ecumbo1 -c7ubui1 #c v4 n41 ,i lie d[n aga94 r7ec7up7ero1 #a v4 a41 ,i recov]4 7c7apio47 r7ecurvo1 no p]f41 --atum1 #a v4 a41 ,i b5d back4 r$d1 -d7idi1 -d7itum1 #c v4 a41 ,i give back1 r5d]1 imp>t1 re/ore4 7re1 d47 r7edeo1 --ivi or -ii1 -7itum1 -ire1 #d v4 n41 ,i g back4 r7ed7itus1 -u1 m41 return4 7r7edeo47 r7ef7ero1 r-et7uli 7& rett7uli71 r7el-atum1 #c v4 a41 ,i br+ back1 return1 turn back1 attribute4 r7ef7ugio1 -f-ugi1 no sup41 #c v4 n4 & a41 ,i flee back1 flee away1 escape4 regnum1 -i1 n41 k+dom4 7rex47 r7eg1 -xi1 -ctum1 #c v4 a41 ,i rule1 direct4 7rex47 r7egr7edior1 -gressus1 #c v4 dep4 n41 ,i return4 7gr7adior47 reicit1 = reiicit4 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n41 %r9e1 sacri/y4 7s7ac]1 sacr$47 saep7e1 adv41 (t54 7,obsolete adj4 saepis1 frequ5t47 saep7en7um7er-o1 adv41 (t54 saevio1 -ii1 --itum1 #d v4 n41 ,i rage1 am fi]ce4 7saevus47 s7alum1 -i1 n41 ! op5 sea4 7salos47 s7al-us1 --utis1 f41 safety4 7,cf4 salvus47 salvus1 -a1 -um1 adj41 safe4 ,samnis1 --itis1 adj41 ,samnite4 sangu7in7ol5tus1 -a1 -um1 blood-/a9$4 7sanguis47 s7an7ies 7-em1 -e1 no g5itive nor plural71 f41 corrupt$ blood1 matt]4 7sanguis47 s7api5s1 -entis1 adj41 wise4 7s7apio47 s7at7ira1 or s7at7ura1 -ae1 f41 a satire4 s7atis1 adv41 suffici5tly4 sc7ateo1 no p]f4 or sup41 --ere1 #b v4 n41 ,i bubble1 fl[ =?2 bubble ov] )3 ) abl4 scio1 --ivi1 --itum1 #d v4 a41 ,i "k4 ,sc-ipio1 --onis1 m41 ,scipio4 sc-it-e1 adv41 clev]ly1 skilfully4 7scio47 sc7op7ulus1 -i1 m41 rock4 7skopelos47 scr-ibo1 -psi1 -ptum1 #c v4 a41 ,i write4 7graph1 s*reib547 scriptor1 --oris1 m41 writ]1 au?or4 7scr-ibo47 sc-utum1 -i1 n41 %ield4 7skutos47 s-e1 & s-es-e1 g54 sui1 reflex4 pron41 himself1 h]self1 itself4 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use1 utor1 expromo4 useful1 utilis1 magno usu & magno usui4 va91 91 fru/ra4 va/1 +5s4 v]dict1 ,i give a1 pronuntio4 v]se1 v]sus4 v1 admodum4 victory1 victoria4 vig\r1 vigor4 v9e1 v9um4 voice1 vox4 volunt>y1 volunt>ius4 vote1 s5t5tia4 wag1 moveo4 w>1 bellum4 w>n1 moneo1 praemoneo4 w>rior1 bellator4 wav]+1 ambiguus4 we>y1 ,i am1 ( ?is1 p]ta$et me huius4 weep1 lacrimo4 weep =1 comploro4 weight1 pondus4 well-lov$1 amatus4 :at1 quis4 :atev]1 quicumque4 :51 ubi1 cum4 :5ev]1 ubicumque1 cum4 :i*1 qui4 :ite1 albus4 :o1 quis1 qui4 :oev]1 quicumque4 :ole1 totus4 :y1 cur4 wife1 uxor4 wild-bea/1 f]a1 be/ia4 wild-bea/1 ( a1 7adj471 f]9us4 will+ly1 lib5t]4 w91 v9co4 w9 ov]1 comp>o4 )1 cum4 wise1 sapi5s4 wi%1 volo4 woman1 muli]4 woman1 old1 anus4 wond] at1 miror1 admiror1 demiror4 wond]ful1 m9is1 mir&us1 mirificus4 wood51 ligneus4 ^w1 v]bum4 wor?y1 dignus4 w\nd 7s471 vulnus4 w\nd 7v471 haurio4 write1 scribo4 writ]1 scriptor4 y1 tu1 vos4 "y man1 adulesc5s4 "y ones1 pulli4 ,,ord] ,,( ,,! ,,/ories ,,comp>$ ,,) ,,! ,,books ,,( ,,! ,,noctes ,,atticae4 ,,selection4 ,,noctes ,,atticae4 #a4 xvii4 #aj #b4 xvii4 #d #c4 xiii4 #f #d4 i4 #ag #e4 ii4 #a #f4 v4 #b #g4 xv4 #ag #h4 i4 #ad #i4 v4 #e #aj4 xv4 #af #aa4 i4 #bc #ab4 i4 #bc #ac4 xv4 #bb #ad4 xv4 #bb #ae4 i4 #ai #af4 iv4 #ah #ag4 iv4 #ah #ah4 vi4 7vii47 #a #ai4 i4 #c #bj4 i4 #aj #ba4 ix4 #ac #bb4 ix4 #ac #bc4 ix4 #aa #bd4 ii4 #bi #be4 ii4 #bi #bf4 ii4 #bi #bg4 iii4 #h #bh4 v4 #ad #bi4 v4 #ad #cj4 v4 #ad #ca4 vi4 7vii47 #e #cb4 xi4 #i #cc4 xii4 #ab #cd4 xv4 #a #ce4 xvi4 #ai #cf4 xvi4 #ai #cg4 xix4 #ab #ch4 xvii4 #af #ci4 v4 #aj #dj4 vi4 7vii47 #ah ,,index ,,to ,,! ,,mo/ ,,important ,,notes4 ,! ,roman figures give ! numb] ( ! selection1 ! ,arabic figures ! numb] ( ! l9e 9 ! selection4 ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,! ,notes & ! ,prop] ,names 7 pr9t$ z %[n "h1 9 a s+le m]g$ ,index4 abh9c multis annis1 xx4 #aj4 ablative absolute1 v4 #i4 acceptum ref]re1 xvii4 #ac4 accusative plural ( #crd decl5sion 9 -is1 ix4 #b4 ac]bus1 v4 #e4 adf9es1 xxvi4 #e4 adig]e aliquem iusiur&um1 xl4 #f4 adjective = ,engli% sub/antive & preposition1 x4 #a 7,milo ,crotoni5sis72 xl4 #a 7proelium ,cann5se74 advoc>e1 xxxii4 #b4 a$es1 xvi4 #ag4 a]>ium1 xvii4 #aj4 ,aesopus1 xxiv4 #a4 ag] ,pompt9us1 xxiii4 #a4 ako9onotoi1 xxxiii4 #aj4 albus1 xiv4 #a4 ,alcibiades1 iv4 #d4 ,alex&]1 vi4 #a4 ambitus1 ii4 #b4 animus & m5s1 v4 #e4 ,antio*us1 ix4 #a4 antiquus1 xx4 #d4 argyran*e1 xxxii4 #ad4 ,arion1 xxxv4 #a4 ,ari/oteles1 iii4 #a4 attraction ( antec$5t into relative clause1 xxx4 #b2 xxxix4 #f4 ,aurunci1 xx4 #f4 avunculus1 vii4 #a4 ,bucephalas1 vi4 #a4 -bundus & -cundus1 vi4 #aa4 ,caes>1 ,c4 ,iulius1 xx4 #af4 ,caes>1 ,claudius1 xxix4 #b4 can]e tibiis1 vii4 #d4 ,cannae1 ix4 #a4 capitalis res1 xxx4 #i4 caput1 xix4 #a4 ,cato1 xvii4 #a4 c5seo 7p>5!tically71 xvi4 #ab4 c5sores1 xl4 #bd4 ,*>es1 vi4 #b4 ,cic]o1 xxxiii4 #a4 c9ctus1 xxi4 #ag4 ,circus ,maximus1 xxviii4 #a4 ,cispius ,mons1 xxxiv4 #c4 cognati1 xxvi4 #e4 como$i>um c]tam9a1 ii4 #b4 comp>>e hom9em 9 aliquem1 xvii4 #c4 cong]]e 7absolutely71 xxv4 #c4 consecution ( t5ses aft] hi/oric pres5t1 xxi4 #ab2 xxiii4 #f2 xxxv4 #e4 conte/>i litem1 xxxix4 #ab4 ,coruncanius1 xx4 #d4 ,crotoni5sis1 x4 #a4 ,crotona1 x4 #a4 cruor1 xxix4 #bc4 cum 7conj471 vi4 #h2 ) indic4 7#a7 frequ5tative1 xiv4 #g2 7#b7 et tum1 xxi4 #f2 7#c7 because1 xxxiii4 #aa4 curia1 xi4 #a4 ,curius ,d5tatus1 xx4 #c4 curo ) g]undive1 vii4 #c2 xiii4 #a4 dative ( purpose 7pr$icative dat471 viii4 #d4 ,demades1 xxxii4 #d4 ,demo/h5es1 xxxii4 #d4 dep5d5t int]rogatives1 x4 #f4 des9]e artem1 x4 #c4 deveho 7de to l&71 xxxvi4 #g4 discipl9a1 xxii4 #b4 dissimulant]1 xxxvi4 #ab4 dum ) subj41 xxv4 #e4 ,electra1 xxxi4 #e4 ,ennius1 xxxviii4 #i4 ephippium1 ix4 #f4 ,eu&]1 xx4 #i4 ex]ceor1 9 middle s5se1 iv4 #g4 ,fabricius1 viii4 #a4 fac eas1 xxv4 #aa4 facto 444 opus e/1 xiv4 #ah4 falcibus 7currus cum71 ix4 #d4 familias1 xii4 #c4 ,favor9us1 xx4 #a4 felix 7fruitful71 xxxvii4 #ah4 foculus1 xv4 #g4 =um1 xxiii4 #ba4 frequ5tative v]bs1 xviii4 #d4 fr5is 444 fulg5tem1 ix4 #f4 g5itive d5ot+ nature1 duty (1 xxxiii4 #ab4 g5itive aft] g]und 7caus>um or&i cupidus71 xxxix4 #a4 g]unds & g]undives1 xiii4 #a4 gratiae1 xxxvii4 #ac4 ,hannibal1 ix4 #a4 haurire pectus1 xxii4 #i4 h]cle1 iii4 #a4 ,hispanicus gladius1 xxii4 #g4 hi/oric inf9itive1 xxv4 #ae4 ,horatii1 xx4 #e4 hospita1 xv4 #b4 id temporis1 xviii4 #g4 imp]ium proconsul>e1 xxix4 #e4 inceptive or in*oative v]bs1 ii4 #e4 +5tis1 7acc4 plur471 ix4 #b4 9 iure />e1 xviii4 #ah4 inmitt]e 7absolutely71 vi4 #i4 insula 7lodg+-h\se71 xxxiv4 #d4 int]rogatives1 dep5d5t1 x4 #f4 ire infitias1 xxxvi4 #ah4 ius dic]e1 xviii4 #af4 iusiur&um aliquem adig]e1 xl4 #f4 locative case1 xi4 #a4 loci 7nusquam71 xv4 #ai4 7e7 m$iis ho/ibus1 vi4 #ab4 ,m5&]1 ii4 #a4 m5s & animus1 v4 #e4 ,me?ymna1 xxxv4 #a4 middle signification ( passive voice1 iv4 #g4 mihi & ad me aft] v]bs1 xxvii4 #ac4 ,milo1 x4 #a4 ,mitridates1 xxxviii4 #a4 monilia1 ix4 #f4 -ne pleona/ic1 xi4 #aj4 ne 444 quis1 xi4 #d4 nemo1 xiv4 #i4 nobilis1 xxxv4 #a4 noctis extremo1 xviii4 #c4 nonne1 num1 -ne1 ii4 #e4 nudus1 xxi4 #g4 nusquam loci1 xv4 #af4 ,ore/es1 xxxi4 #e4 ,ore/i 7g5itive71 xxxi4 #f4 or?ium c>m51 xxxv4 #ba4 ,osce1 xxxviii4 #aj4 ,palatium1 xxxiii4 #a4 p>eo1 p>io1 p>o1 i4 #b4 p>ticiple & v]b 9 ,lat9 two v]bs 9 ,engli%1 xxi4 #c2 xl4 #b4 p>titive g5itive1 id temporis1 xviii4 #g2 quantum m]c$is1 xxxii4 #ag4 passives ) middle signification1 iv4 #g4 ,pelasgi1 xx4 #f4 p] contemptum1 xxiii4 #e4 ,p]i&]1 xxxv4 #a4 ,p]icles1 vii4 #a4 phal]ae1 ix4 #f4 ,philemon1 ii4 #a4 ,piraeus1 xxxiv4 #ae4 plague ( ,a!ns1 v4 #aj4 ,plut>*us1 iii4 #a4 ,po5us1 ix4 #h4 ,pompt9us ag]1 xxiii4 #a4 possies1 xxiv4 #ac4 po/lim9ium1 xl4 #ab4 797 praes5s1 xxxiii4 #b4 praetextatus1 xi4 #b4 pr$icative dative1 viii4 #d4 prepositions1 v]bs comp\nd$ )1 xxix4 #bb2 xxxiv4 #c4 priusquam ) subjunctive1 xxxiii4 #d4 proconsul>e imp]ium1 xxix4 #e4 ,protagoras1 xxxix4 #c4 purpose1 dative (1 viii4 #d4 ,pyrrus1 xxvii4 #a4 ,py?agoras1 x4 #a4 quadrati v]sus1 xxiv4 #aj4 quae dicas 7indef9ite71 xx4 #aa4 quaeso 7p>5!tically71 ii4 #d4 quasi1 xv4 #f4 qui ) subjunctive 7f9al71 xxv4 #ag2 7causal7 xxxvii4 #c4 quid 444 sibi vult1 xii4 #f4 7si7 quid rei1 xxv4 #g4 qu9 ) indicative1 xxvi4 #d4 quis 7indef9ite71 xi4 #d4 quisquam & ullus1 x4 #f4 re 9 composition1 i4 #f4 ,samnites1 viii4 #a4 satira1 xxiv4 #aj4 scatebat iris1 iv4 #c4 ,scipio ,africanus1 xvi4 #a2 xviii4 #b4 ,scipio ,asiaticus1 xvii4 #e4 scutum1 xxi4 #ag4 securus ) g5itive1 vi4 #ad4 s$ enim1 xv4 #aj4 sequ5ce ( t5ses aft] hi/oric pres5t1 xxi4 #ab2 xxiii4 #f2 xxxv4 #e4 se/]tii & se/]tium1 vi4 #c2 xxxiii4 #b4 ,s]torius1 xiii4 #a4 ,sibyll9i libri1 xv4 #a4 ,sicani1 xx4 #f4 ,socrates1 iv4 #a1 #d4 sol ori5s1 v4 #c4 sollemnis1 xvi4 #ah4 ,sophocles1 xxx4 #e4 ,sulla1 ,l41 xxxiv4 #ae4 ,sulla1 ,p41 xxxiii4 #b4 sup9e 9 -um1 xvi4 #ac2 xxii4 #ag2 xxv4 #f4 sup9e 9 -u1 xiv4 #e2 xxiv4 #b2 xxvii4 #ab4 ,ta5>um1 xxxvi4 #f4 tal5tum1 xxxii4 #ai4 ,t>qu9ius ,sup]bus1 xv4 #a4 temporal conjunctions ) subjunctive1 cum1 vi4 #h2 dum1 xxv4 #e2 priusquam1 xxxiii4 #d4 tibiae1 vii4 #d4 ,torquatus1 xxi4 #a4 torquis1 xxi4 #c4 tribunus milit>is1 xxiii4 #h4 tribunus plebis1 xvi4 #a4 turribus 7elephanti cum71 ix4 #e4 ullus1 x4 #f4 vad>i1 xviii4 #bb4 vadimonium1 xviii4 #ai4 v5um d>e1 xxxiv4 #aj4 ,v]gilius1 i4 #a4 v]titur 91 xxvi4 #bj4 vid]es1 xxviii4 #ae4 vult1 quid sibi1 xii4 #f4 ,zama1 ix4 #a4 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 ,,errata 7not$ by transcrib]7 ,! spell+ dem9utive 7dem947 is us$ consi/5tly4 ,a few t]ms 7 inconsi/5tly italiciz$1 includ+ e4g41 i4e4 & only 79 vocabul>y notes su* z s+4 only74 ,r ?an try to second-guess ! au?or1 !y h be5 left z pr9t$4 ,errors & ,irregul>ities3 ,,xv3 ,t>qu9ius ore iam s]io atque att5tiore animo fit ,t>qu9us ,,vi ,note3 ent]$ ! ,punjaub spell+ un*ang$ ,,xvi ,note3 gratulatum 444 ! v]b ( motion notion ,lat9-to-,engli% ,vocabul>y3 d-on7ec1 conj41 until4 ,text has ,greek e = 7e 9 donec l-ib7ero 444 7l-ib]47 ,macron 9 l-ib] conjectural3 pr9t$ text has lib] )\t visible macron or dot ,miss+ or invisible punctuation3 ,invisible means t !re is a suitably siz$ gap1 b no pr9t+ is visible4 ,,/ories ,,xiv4 444 9 eum locum1 9 quo ipse cum amicis esset1 4 = second 1 ,,xviii4 atque ibi solus diu demor>i1 4 = 1 ,,xxix4 recubuit et quievit4 miss+ ,,notes ,i4 ,p4 ,v]gilius ,m>o 444 aft] ! fall ( ,troy 4 miss+ p7ar7ere 444p>7itum1 -7ere - miss+ ,,iii4 h]cle 444 'me deus ,fidius juvet' ' miss+ ,,xiii4 ,! uses ( ! g]und & g]undive 444 e4g4 haec ad iudic&um sunt facillima 444 sum 7e/1 erat1 fuit1 esse1 etc47 444 e4g4 nunc e/ bib5dum all p]iods 9 e4g4 & etc4 invisible 'he gave !m ! l&s to dwell 94' ,cf4 vii4 #c4 note4 4 miss+ aft] dwell 9 & aft] vii4 ,,xvi4 ,publius ,cornelius 444 8 fa!r ,p4 ,scipio 4 miss+ ,i am old en\gh4' = ' ,,xviii4 v5tit>e 444 ',i /ick fa/4' = ' ,,xx4 #aa4 quae dicas 4 invisible ,,xxvi4 qu9 444 imus 444 'nay1 look at me' = ' ,,xxix4 proconsul>i imp]io 444 praetors3 7#b7 ! ,imp]ial ,prov9ces %[n z pr9t$1 b 3 may be error = 2 ,,xxxi4 ,electram 444 ! bones ( ,ore/es4' = ' ,,xxxii4 qu9 444 quoque1 ellipsis 9 pr9t$ phrase invisible ,,xxxiii4 se/]tium vici5s 444 or #b asses d5om9ator invisible ,,lat9 ,,vocabul>y adficio4 ,cf4 afficio4 invisible c7or-ona1 -ae - miss+ deus1 -i1 m41 god4 4 miss+ f-acundia1 -ae1 f41 eloqu5ce 4 invisible f-ecundus1 -a1 -um - miss+ g7em7itus1 -u - miss+ ign-oro 444 7ign-arus1 = 9-gn>us or -n>us47 7 miss+ imm-itis invisible m-ir7if7icus1 -a1 -um fir/ - miss+ obv7enio invisible p7av7ef7acio 444 7p7aveo47 4 miss+ pax1 p-acis 444 7pgnumi47 4 invisible ,p7eri&]1 -dri1 m4 4 = second 1 qua]o1 -s-ivi or -sii1 s-itum second - miss+ qu-alis1 -e 444 talis 444 qualis ellipsis 9 talis 444 qualis invisible quamobrem1 adv4 4 invisible s7up7erior1 -u 444 s7-upr-emus or summus4 4 invisible va/-us1 -a1 -um second - miss+ v-erus1 -a1 -um1 4 aft] -um41 vict-oria1 -ae1 f41 victory4 7victor1 v9co47 4 invisible vis 7vim1 vi1 no g54 s+41 plur4 v-ires1 etc47 4 invisible ,,engli% ,,vocabul>y bail1 vadimonium 4 miss+ sight1 9 my1 me inspectante 4 miss+ ,,index ,,to ,,notes ,osce1 xxxviii4 #aj4 4 aft] xxxviii miss+