,,the ,,brochure ,,series  ,,of         
,,architectural ,,illustration4  ,,vol4 
,i4 ,,september1 #ahie4 ,no4 #i4        
,,pulpits ,,of ,,southern ,,italy4      
,the pulpits and ambos chosen for the   
illustrations in this issue of ,,the    
,,brochures are mainly interesting for  
their wonderful mosaic decorations which
 are among the finest of their kind     
which have ever been executed4 ,the work
 of the family of ,cosmati1 by whose    
name the ,roman mosaic or inlay of this 
description is known1 such as that in   
plate ,,lxxi1 is similar in design and  
method of execution to that shown in the
 other plates4 ,there is one point1     
however1 in which the ,roman work is    
quite different4 ,in ,sicily and        
southern ,italy the bands and borders of
 geometrical patterns are largely made  
up of glass or composition1 while the   
,cosmati confined themselves to the use 
of colored marbles4 ,in the south1 and  
particularly in ,sicily1 gold is freely 
used1 but this is lacking in the work of

 the ,cosmati4 ,as a result of this     
difference in material a wider range of 
color is possible in the southern       
mosaics than in those of ,rome2 and this
 is especially noticeable in the use of 
blues1 which give much of the character 
to the beautiful examples shown in our  
plates1 which we regret we cannot       
reproduce in color4 ,the altar1 pulpit1 
and bishop's throne in the churches of  
,,ss4 ,nerone ed ,achille and ,s4       
,cesario in ,rome may be taken as       
additional examples4  ,this is a form of
 decoration which may be found in many  
of the ,byzantine churches of the       
eleventh and twelfth centuries and also 
in the ,tuscan churches of the same     
epoch1 notably in the ,baptistery at    
,pisa and in the church of ,san ,miniato
 al ,monte in ,florence4  ,the mosaic   
floors1 dados1 and solid railings of the
 ,palermitan monuments all seem to      
belong to this class3 a ground of gray  
or white marble slabs with large panels 
of colored marble1 mosaic bands of      

geometrical pattern let into the marble1
 and sometimes a plain framework of one 
member with a carved row of conventional
 leaves4 ,in ,palermo a grayish veined  
,greek marble similar to that used in   
,venice and ,ravenna was almost         
exclusively used as a background4 ,it   
formed a most admirable setting for the 
inlaid marble mosaics which were laid in
 rebated panels in the marble slabs1    
making a perfectly smooth surface4 ,in  
the floor mosaics green serpentine and  
red or purple porphyry are the usual    
colors besides the gray1 while brighter 
reds1 gold1 blues1 white1 and a variety 
of other glasses 7smalti7 are employed  
with the serpentine and porphyry in the 
mosaics on walls1 pulpits1 and screens4 
,in all of the work referred to above1  
the separate pieces of marble or glass  
are carefully shaped to fit the patterns
 they are intended to form1 and in this 
respect differ from the ,byzantine and  
other wall mosaics1 and from the earlier
 ,roman mosaic pavements such as those  

which are familiar in the ,pompeiian    
buildings4 ,in the latter the shape and 
often the size of the pieces making up  
the pattern were of comparatively little
 importance1 and the pieces were        
imbedded in a matrix which filled up the
 interstices and gave a background of   
neutral color4  ,the marble pavements1  
made up of discs1 squares1 and other    
geometrical forms of colored marbles    
surrounded by bands or borders of a     
smaller scale1 were similar in design to
 some of the mosaics shown in our       
plates4 ,this work is known as ,opus    
,alexandrinum and is familiar from the  
pavements of ,st4 ,mark's and the church
 of ,santa ,maria dei ,miracoli in      
,venice4      ,illustration3 ,,lxv4     
,ambo in the ,capella ,palatina1        
,palermo1    ,sicily4   ,the ,capella   
,palatina was built and dedicated to    
,st4 ,peter by ,king ,roger the ,second 
of ,sicily4 ,it must have been begun    
soon after ,roger's coronation1 and was 
finished in the year #aadc4  ,it is of  

the same period as the cloister of      
,monreale1 which was described and      
illustrated in the ,march number of     
,,the ,,brochure ,,series2 and the work 
here shown distinctly recalls the       
mosaics upon the twisted columns in this
 cloister4  ,the interior is famous as  
one of the most beautiful works of color
 decoration extant4 ,its general tone is
 bluish green with mosaic walls and     
floor and a wooden ceiling decorated in 
tempera with cufic inscriptions4 ,it is 
scantily lighted with small windows1    
giving a rather sombre effect4 ,the best
 mosaics are in the chancel and apses4  
,the beautiful ambo is one of its most  
attractive features4 ,the famous        
candelabrum of five tiers of figures1 at
 the projecting angle1 is of white      
marble4       ,illustration3 ,,lxvi4    
,ambo in the ,cathedral1 ,salerno1      
,italy4       ,illustration3 ,,lxvii4   
,pulpit in the ,cathedral1 ,salerno1    
,italy4   ,salerno and ,ravello were    
both included under the ,norman rule of 

the kingdom of ,naples and ,sicily in   
the eleventh century1 and the work here 
shown all belongs to the ,norman period4
  ,the ,cathedral of ,salerno was       
founded and dedicated to ,st4 ,matthew  
in #ajhd by ,robert ,guiscard1 who      
plundered the temples of ,paestum of    
their marbles and sculptures to         
embellish it4  ,the two pulpits and that
 in the choir in front of the           
archbishop's throne1 which are said to  
have been executed by order of ,john of 
,procida1 are fine examples of the rich 
mosaic work of the period4 ,the two     
large pulpits are placed in the nave1   
before the choir1 which here has        
retained its original position in front 
of the high altar4 ,stairs opening out  
of the choir1 finely decorated in       
mosaic1 lead to each pulpit4 ,in front  
of the larger one on the right is a fine
 ,paschal candelabrum1 decorated in     
mosaic4 ,the pulpit itself is supported 
on twelve granite columns1 while the    
four supports of the opposite ambo are  

the very rare black porphyry called     
,porfido ,nero-,bianco4 ,the raised     
space between is paved in ,opus         
,alexandrinum4       ,illustration3     
,,lxviii4 ,pulpit in the ,cathedral1    
,ravello4   ,the ,cathedral at ,ravello1
 dedicated to ,s4 ,pantaleo1 was founded
 by ,niccolo ,rufolo1 ,duke of ,sora and
 grand admiral under ,count ,roger of   
,sicily4  ,the marble pulpit1 or ,gospel
 ambo1 inlaid with mosaics1 was built1  
according to a ,latin inscription which 
it bears1 in the year #abgb1 at the cost
 of ,niccolo ,rufolo1 a descendant of   
the grand admiral4 ,another inscription 
records the fact that it was the work of
 ,nicholas1 the son of ,bartolommeus of 
,foggia4       ,illustration3 ,,lxix4   
,ambo in the ,cathedral1 ,ravello4      
,the ,epistle ambo1 situated on the     
opposite side of the church from the    
main pulpit1 is of earlier date than the
 latter4 ,the mosaics represent on one  
side ,jonah being swallowed by the      
whale1 and on the other his being       

ejected4 ,it bears the name of          
,costantino ,rogadeo1 the second bishop 
of ,ravello1 and probably dates from    
about #aacj4       ,illustration3 ,,lxx4
 ,pulpit in the ,church of ,s4          
,giovanni1     ,ravello4   ,the church  
of ,san ,giovanni del ,toro also dates  
from the time of ,king ,roger4 ,the     
story of ,jonah will be seen again      
depicted here4       ,illustration3     
,,lxxi4 ,ambo in ,s4 ,lorenzo fuori le  
,mura1 ,rome4   ,the ,basilica of ,s4   
,lorenzo fuori le ,mura was originally  
only an oratory over the ,catacombs of  
,s4 ,cyriaca1 and was said to have been 
founded by ,constantine about ,a4,d4    
#ccj4 ,it was enlarged and partly       
rebuilt in the fifth and sixth          
centuries1 and in #abaf was again       
remodeled by ,honorius ,,iii1 who built 
the present long nave and its portico1  
raised the chancel1 and filled up with  
rubbish the lower church4 ,it is thus a 
grand collection of details of various  
periods1 but all of much interest4  ,its

 two ambos stand on each side of the    
raised portion of the floor which       
corresponds to the choir in the         
,basilica of ,honorius4 ,the ,gospel was
 chanted from the one on the south side 
with the reading desk turned towards the
 choir2 and the ,epistle from the one on
 the north1 with a single desk towards  
the high altar4 ,before the ,gospel ambo
 is a fine mosaic candelabrum standing  
on a ,roman cippus reversed1 having an  
olive branch and birds sculptured on it4
  ,the pavement as well as the work upon
 these two ambos is in the style of the 
,cosmati4       ,illustration3 ,,lxxii4 
,pulpit in the ,cathedral at ,messina1  
,sicily4   ,the ,cathedral 7,s4,m4      
,nuova7 was founded by ,count ,roger in 
#ajih1 and was finished by his son      
,roger4 ,the interior is #cje feet in   
length1 and is a ,latin cross with three
 aisles1 separated by twenty-six columns
 of ,egyptian granite said to have been 
taken from the temple of ,neptune at    
,faro2 they have gilt ,corinthian       

capitals4 ,the roof is of wood and is a 
restoration by ,king ,manfred of an     
ancient roof burned in #abed at the     
funeral of ,conrad1 son of ,emperor     
,frederick ,,ii1 the canopy over the    
corpse having been so high that the     
lights by which it was crowned set fire 
to the rafters4 ,the three apses are    
filled with fine mosaics4  ,the pulpit  
of white marble is attributed to        
,gogini1 and the font near it to ,gaddo 
,gaddi of ,florence4         99       99
       99       99       99             
,competition for ,advertising ,design4  
,the publishers of ,,the ,,brochure     
,,series will give three prizes1 valued 
at #e4jj each1 for the best three       
designs for a full-page advertisement of
 the ,boynton ,furnace ,co4 ,these      
prizes will be3--      #a4 ,a complete  
set of ,volume ,i of the ,architectural 
,review 7see     advertisement in front 
pages of this number for description74  
#b4 ,a subscription to ,volume ,,iv of  
the ,architectural ,review4      #c4    

,details of ,decorative ,sculpture1 both
 ,italian and ,french     ,renaissance  
7#b books74  ,the authors of the best   
designs may have their choice of any of 
these three prizes4 ,a prize will be    
awarded for the best design received on 
or before ,november #cj1 #ahie4 ,a      
second prize for the best design        
received after ,november #bj1 and on or 
before ,december #aj1 #ahie4 ,a third   
prize for the best design received after
 ,november #cj1 and on or before        
,december #bj1 #ahie4  ,it is probable  
that all acceptable designs will be     
used1 in which case payment will be     
made1 the amount of which will be       
determined by correspondence with the   
author2 and all designs not accepted    
will be returned to the authors4  ,the  
advertisements of the ,boynton ,furnace 
,co4 may be referred to for material1   
and the following data can be drawn     
upon3--      ,the business was          
established in #ahdi2 the company was   
incorporated in #ahhd4 ,over #ajj1jjj   

heaters have been made and     sold4    
,furnaces1 hot water and steam heaters1 
ranges1 and     ,baltimore heaters are  
manufactured4 ,the ,boynton goods have  
always ranked high1 the company being   
one of the old stand-bys     in the     
heating trade4 ,satisfactory service in 
carrying out     architects'            
specifications is made a feature of     
their business4  ,the net size of the   
space allowed for advertisement is      
#e-a_/b inches wide and #h inches high4 
,no restriction upon the design is made1
 except that it shall not go beyond     
these dimensions4 ,drawings must be made
 one half larger than the advertisement 
would be4 ,they are not to bear the     
designer's name1 or any distinguishing  
device1 but a sealed envelope containing
 his name and address is to be securely 
attached to the back of the drawing1 or 
of each drawing should a designer submit
 two or more4 ,they must be in black ink
 upon white paper1 and sent postpaid to 
the ,editor of ,,the ,,brochure         

,,series1 #f ,beacon ,street1 ,boston1  
,mass4  ,the designing of effective     
architectural advertisements presents a 
good field for draughtsmen to cultivate4
 ,in both ,,the ,,brochure ,,series and 
the ,architectural ,review a            
considerable quantity of such work could
 be used if it were the right kind4 ,the
 publishers are in hopes this           
competition will bring out designs that 
will serve as a guide to securing       
special work for which there is a more  
or less constant demand4 ,if this       
competition proves successful in        
bringing out the proper kind of         
material1 others will be arranged for in
 future1 and larger prizes offered4     
99       99       99       99       99  
,the ,brochure ,series  of              
,architectural ,illustration4           
,,published ,,monthly ,,by  ,,bates     
,,guild1 #f ,,beacon ,,street1 ,,boston1
 ,,mass4      ,subscription ,rates per  
year                   #ej cents1 in    
advance     ,special ,club ,rates for   

five subscriptions     #b4jj  ,entered  
at the ,boston ,post ,office as         
,second-class ,matter4         99       
99        99        99        99        
,,special ,,notice4      ,back numbers  
of ,,the ,,brochure ,,series are not    
kept in stock4 ,all     subscriptions   
will be dated from the time received and
     subscribers who wish for the       
current numbers must place their        
subscriptions at once4   ,the placing in
 position of the great decorative wall  
painting of ,puvis de ,chavannes in the 
,boston ,public ,library again directs  
public attention to this remarkable     
building4 ,to us this last addition to  
the architectural work 7for every       
feature of the building1 whether        
constructional1 utilitarian1 or purely  
decorative1 is architectural in the     
sense of forming an essential part of an
 otherwise incomplete composition7 is   
the one feature thus far introduced     
which does most to bind together the    
varying elements in the decorative      

scheme of the interior4 ,it occupies the
 most important position in the         
building1 at the head of the monumental 
staircase1 and forms not only a centre  
of interest aesthetically1 but serves as
 a connecting link between the other    
features1 which have before seemed more 
or less unrelated4 ,the grand staircase1
 built of ,siena marble1 the finest     
example of the intelligent use of       
colored marble in this country1 has     
until now lacked its foil1 which the    
dull blue walls now give4 ,the added    
pleasure which is apparent in viewing   
the stairway emphasizes the importance  
of the guiding intelligence which has   
made all this possible4 ,there is in our
 experience only one other building in  
the country in the interior treatment of
 which this intelligence is evident in  
anything like the same degree4 ,the     
house built by ,messrs4 ,mc,kim1 ,mead1 
and ,white for ,mr4 ,henry ,villard is  
the most completely satisfying residence
 we have ever seen1 and its success is  

due to the element of restraint shown   
throughout1 and to the harmony between  
its parts4 ,there are other houses in   
which may be found just as effective    
single features1 but there is some      
discordant note which destroys the      
harmony4 ,the ,library is not an        
expensive building2 its single features 
may1 with the exception of the          
staircase1 be equaled in beauty by many 
other buildings in this country1 but no 
other can compare with it in the sense  
of complete satisfaction which it       
awakens on account of this harmony of   
parts4  ,we have pointed out only the   
harmony in color1 which of course in    
itself is of secondary importance1 and  
if it were not accompanied by           
intelligent harmony of plan1 and        
treatment of detail in proportion and   
scale could not make the composition a  
satisfactory one4 ,the question of      
decorative color treatment comes up at  
this time because of the surprising     
effect which the addition of a little   

patch of colored wall makes in the whole
 interior4 ,even the uneducated1        
superficial observer is impressed with  
the feeling of completeness and         
thoughtful intention in everything      
connected with the building4         99 
99       99       99       99           
,brochure ,series ,competition4  ,number
 ,one4  ,,design ,,for ,,the ,,case ,,of
 ,,an ,,upright ,,piano4 ,,prizes       
,,offered ,,by ,,the ,,henry ,f4        
,,miller  ,,sons ,,piano ,,co41         
,,boston4   ,the object of this         
competition was not to secure designs   
for pianos at the least possible cost1  
as is the object of many competitions in
 design1 but merely to attract the      
attention of designers to this special  
problem1 and take one more step towards 
a better condition of things in the     
piano business4 ,the ,henry ,f4 ,miller 
,co4 have for several years followed a  
policy the results of which are seen in 
some of their later designs4 ,it has    
been the practice to turn special cases 

over to furniture and cabinet makers1   
entailing an expense that has been      
practically prohibitory for all but the 
richest clients architects have4 ,the   
,miller piano factory has been equipped 
with every facility for executing work  
from architects' special designs and    
within a reasonable cost4 ,the prizes   
have been offered in the most liberal   
spirit1 and while a large number of the 
designs submitted were unsatisfactory1  
they have been instructive and their    
shortcomings will be borne in mind in   
preparing the program of another        
competition1 with larger prizes1 which  
will shortly be announced in ,,the      
,,brochure ,,series4                    
,illustration3 ,first ,prize4 ,a4,b4 ,le
 ,boutillier4   ,seventy-five designs   
were submitted1 several of which arrived
 too late to be entered4 ,the drawings  
were very carefully examined by the     
officers of the company1 assisted by    
,mr4 ,c4 ,howard ,walker1 and the       
following awards were made3--           

,illustration3 ,second ,prize4 ,e4,f4   
,maher   ,first prize1 #be1 ,a4,b4 ,le  
,boutillier1 ,boston2 second prize1 #ae1
 ,edward ,f4 ,maher1 ,boston2 third     
prize1 #aj1 ,james ,c4 ,green1          
,brooklyn1 ,n4,y4   ,,report ,,of ,,the 
,,jury4  ,in judging the designs for    
piano cases1 the element of economy1    
though recognized1 played but a small   
part in the decision of the judges4 ,the
 qualities which made the premiated     
designs superior to others1 were those  
of refinement1 beauty of line1 and of   
general proportions4  ,a piano case     
presents1 necessarily1 but restricted   
opportunity for design1 and any attempt 
at great novelty is apt to be           
disastrous2 if originality appears1 it  
will be in the smaller details4         
,illustration3 ,third ,prize4 ,j4,c4    
,green4   ,there also exists the        
question of style1 which is determined  
largely by the character of the room in 
which the piano is to be placed1 and    
yet1 if the element of style is forced  

too far1 it prevents the use of the     
design for any but one case4  ,of the   
premiated designs those placed first and
 second are in distinct styles1 the one 
having almost the character of ,francois
 ,i1 the other being of the time of the 
,empire4 ,both1 however1 are simple and 
could be placed in rooms of other styles
 of architecture4  ,the first prize     
design is especially commended for the  
disposition of its ornament1 and the    
delicate but vigorous lines of the      
bracket beneath the keyboard1 or what is
 technically called the truss4  ,the    
design placed second has excellent      
proportioning of panels and ,empire     
ornament in excellent relative scale1   
well disposed4  ,the design placed third
 is a most direct development of the    
requirements1 and is a very simple1     
practicable design with good proportions
 and lines4  ,the three remaining       
designs published were considered worthy
 of mention1 each in its own way4 ,the  
,gothic design could be made very rich  

and interesting with panel colored      
decoration4 ,the upper portion is well  
proportioned1 the lower portion somewhat
 too meagre4 ,the ,colonial design is   
interesting above the keyboard2 the     
arches below the trusses are out of     
scale4 ,the ,baroque design would depend
 for its good or bad quality entirely   
upon the delicacy and skill with which  
the carving was done4 ,both the ,gothic 
and ,baroque designs could only be used 
in rooms of their own respective styles4
       ,illustration3 ,design by ,e4,b4 
,wells4         99       99       99    
99       99     ,club ,notes4   ,it is  
encouraging to note that a new accession
 to the already imposing list of        
architectural clubs has been made so    
early in the season by the organization 
of a club in ,detroit4  ,on ,monday1    
,september #af1 thirty-five draughtsmen 
met at the ,detroit ,museum of ,art and 
effected a temporary organization of the
 ,detroit ,architectural ,sketch ,club1 
,emil ,lorch being elected ,chairman and

 ,alex4 ,blumberg ,secretary4 ,a        
committee1 consisting of ,w4,e4,n4      
,hunter1 ,r4 ,mildner1 and ,g4,h4       
,ropes1 was appointed to draw up a      
,constitution and ,by-laws4  ,the report
 of this committee was adopted at the   
second meeting1 on ,september #be1 and  
the following officers and directors    
elected3 ,president1 ,emil ,lorch2      
,vice-,president1 ,g4,h4 ,ropes2        
,secretary1 ,e4,a4 ,schilling2          
,treasurer1 ,r4 ,mildner2 ,directors1   
,w4,e4,n4 ,hunter1 ,f4,g4 ,baxter1 and  
,alex4 ,blumberg4       ,illustration3  
,design by ,e4,r4 ,clark4   ,the object 
of the ,club and its proposed methods of
 study are like those of similar        
organizations elsewhere4  ,few of the   
existing clubs have started under better
 auspices1 and fewer still could count  
as many members at their inception4  ,a 
number of the other clubs have begun    
early in the systematic work of the     
year4 ,the ,philadelphia1 ,baltimore1   
,cleveland1 and ,chicago clubs in       

particular are starting with unusual    
vigor and promise4 ,our next issue will 
have more detailed account of these     
plans for the future4                   
,illustration3 ,design by ,a4,h4 ,cox4  
99       99       99       99       99  
,books4   ,architecture for ,general    
,readers3 ,a ,short ,treatise on the    
,principles and ,motives of             
,architectural ,design4 ,with an        
,historical ,sketch4 ,by ,h4 ,heathcote 
,statham1 ,fellow of the     ,institute 
of ,architects1 ,editor of ,the         
,builder4 ,with     illustrations drawn 
by the ,author4 ,london1 ,new ,york3    
,charles     ,scribner's ,sons4 #ahie4  
,this work is1 as its title indicates1 a
 popular handbook of the principles of  
architecture1 and furnishes what has    
hitherto been practically inaccessible  
to general readers--a concise           
explanation of what architecture really 
means4  ,the greater part of the work is
 devoted to the explanation of the      
theory of design and construction and   

the general principles in their simpler 
applications4 ,the subject of ornament  
including the use of mouldings1         
sculpture1 and plain surfaces1 is taken 
up1 and architectural working drawings  
are explained4  ,the historical sketch  
is excellent1 although in this direction
 there is not the same lack of good     
handbooks as in the theoretical field4  
,the analysis is clear and more easily  
comprehended than is usual in such      
treatises4         99       99       99 
99       99     ,notes4   ,to an        
architect a convenient drawing table is 
one of the most important requirements4 
,there are many devices made to meet    
this requirement1 but none have proved  
more useful or given more general       
satisfaction than the ,seldis1 furnished
 by ,messrs4 ,frost  ,adams1 #cg        
,cornhill1 ,boston4 ,the special        
advantages of this table are many1 but  
among them is the fact that the         
draughtsman can work in a natural       
position1 as the board can be adjusted1 

so that all parts may be easily reached4
 ,any board can be used and it will not 
tip over1 and being self-locking will   
remain in any position1 and can be      
adjusted in height to suit the          
draughtsman4 ,when not in use it can be 
folded to occupy the same length and    
width as an ordinary drawing-board4     
,descriptive circulars will be sent upon
 application by ,messrs4 ,frost  ,adams4
       ,illustration3 ,house in         
,brookline4 ,winslow  ,wetherell1       
,architects4 ,from ,dexter ,bros4' ,some
 ,houses ,near ,boston4   ,messrs4      
,dexter ,bros41 of #ee ,broad ,street1  
,boston1 are adopting a very effective  
method of advertising their ,english    
,shingle ,stains4 ,we have already      
referred to their collection of         
photographic prints published under the 
title of ,some ,houses ,near ,boston4   
,the illustration on this page is       
reduced from one of the plates in this  
collection4 ,they have followed this    
with an even more attractive pamphlet   

showing ,kennebunkport houses1 on which 
their stains have been used1 and they   
have a third collection in preparation1 
illustrating ,bar ,harbor houses4       
,either of the first two will be sent to
 any reader of ,,the ,,brochure ,,series
 upon receipt of a two-cent stamp1 and  
due notice of the issue of the          
collection of ,bar ,harbor houses will  
be given in these columns4 ,as ,dexter  
,bros4' ,stains are used by leading     
architects throughout the country they  
have plenty of subjects to choose from  
in each publication1 thus enabling them 
to publish work that is architecturally 
interesting4 ,this raises the character 
of their advertising above the ordinary 
trade level4 ,usually publications      
representing the buildings in which a   
certain material is used1 show good1    
bad1 and indifferent architecture1 the  
good being present in small quantity4   
,the ,dexter ,bros4' collections show   
intelligent discrimination1 and it is   
this one thing that makes them worthy of

 notice4  ,all who are in any way       
interested in suburban architecture will
 find these pamphlets worth sending for4
 ,they should have a wide circulation1  
for they have more than an advertising  
value4