,illu/ration3 ,,rusk9',s ,,monum5t ,,f ,a ,,photograph ,,! ,,complete ,,works ,,( ,,john ,,rusk9 ,,on ,,! ,,old ,,road ,,volumes ,i-,,ii ,,national ,,libr>y ,,association ,,new ,,york ,,*icago 99 99 99 99 99 ,,on ,,! ,,old ,,road4 ,a ,,collection ,,( ,,miscellane\s ,,essays ,,& ,,articles ,,on ,,art ,,& ,,lit]ature4 ,,vol4 ,i4 ,,publi%$ #ahcd-ahhe4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,cont5ts ,,( ,,vol4 ,i4 ,,introductory4 ,,page ,,my ,,fir/ ,,editor4 #ahgh #c ,,art4 ,i4 ,,hi/ory ,,& ,,criticism4 ,,"l ,,l9dsay',s ,,*ri/ian ,,art4 #ahdg #ag ,,ea/lake',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,oil ,,pa9t+4 #ahdh #ig ,,samuel ,,pr\t4 #ahdi #adh ,,sir ,,jo%ua ,,& ,,holbe94 #ahfj #aeh ,,ii4 ,,pre-,,raphaelitism4 ,,its ,,pr9ciples1 ,,& ,,turn]4 #ahea #aga ,,its ,,?ree ,,colors4 #ahgh #bah ,,iii4 ,,ar*itecture4 ,,! ,,op5+ ,,( ,,! ,,cry/al ,,palace4 #ahed #bde ,,! ,,/udy ,,( ,,ar*itecture ,,9 ,,our ,,s*ools4 #ahfe #bei ,,iv4 ,,inaugural ,,address1 ,,cambridge ,,s*ool ,,( ,,art4 #aheh #bgi ,v4 ,,! ,,ce/us ,,( ,,aglaia4 #ahfe-ff #cje 99 99 99 99 99 ,,introductory3 ,,my ,,fir/ ,,editor4 ,,art4 ,i4 ,,hi/ory ,,& ,,criticism4 ,,ii4 ,,pre-,,raphaelitism4 ,,iii4 ,,ar*itecture4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,introductory4 ,,my ,,fir/ ,,editor4 ,,an ,,autobiographical ,,rem9isc5ce4 7,univ]sity ,magaz9e1 ,april #ahgh47 99 99 99 99 99 ,,my ,,fir/ ,,editor4#a ,,an ,,autobiographical ,,rem9isc5ce4 #a/ ,febru>y1 #ahgh4 #a4 ,9 sev5 days m ,i %all be fifty-n9e2--:i* 7practically7 is all ! same z sixty2 b1 be+ ask$ by ! wife ( my de> old fri5d1 ,w4 ,h4 ,h>rison1 to say a few words ( our old relations toge!r1 ,i f9d myself1 9 spite ( all ^! ye>s1 a boy aga91--p>tly 9 ! m]e ?\ght (1 & r5ew$ sympa?y )1 ! *e]ful he>t ( my old lit]>y ma/]1 & p>tly 9 in/9ctive t]ror le/1 :]ev] he is 9 cele/ial circles1 he %\ld cat* me writ+ bad gramm>1 or putt+ wrong /ops1 & %\ld set ! table turn+1 or ! l4 ,= he 0 inexorable 9 su* matt]s1 & _m a s5t5ce 9 ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 :i* ,i _h ?\ght q beautifully turn$ out aft] a =5oon's "w on x1 _h to be turn$ outside-91 aft] all1 & cut into ! smalle/ pieces & sewn up aga91 because he _h f\nd out !re wasn't a nom9ative 9 x1 or a g5itive1 or a conjunction1 or some?+ else indisp5sable to a s5t5ce's dec5t exi/5ce & position 9 life4 ,n a book ( m9e1 = good ?irty ye>s1 b w5t1 e ^w ( x1 "u 8 c>eful eyes twice ov]--(t5 also ! la/ revises left to 8 t5d] m]cy altoge!r on condition he w\ldn't bo!r me any m4 #b4 ,= good ?irty ye>s3 t is to say1 f my fir/ v]se-writ+ 9 ,fri5d%ip's ,(f]+ at fifte51 to my la/ or?odox & cons]vative compositions at =ty-five4#b ,b :5 ,i began to utt] radical s5tim5ts1 & say ?+s d]ogatory to ! cl]gy1 my old fri5d got q re/ive--absolutely refus$ sometimes to pass ev5 my mo/ grammatical & punctuat$ p>agraphs1 if _! cont5ts savor$ ( h]esy or revolution2 & at la/ ,i 0 oblig$ to pr9t all my philan?ropy & political economy on ! sly4 #c4 ,! heav5 ( ! lit]>y _w ?r\gh :i* ,mr4 ,h>rison mov$ 9 a widely comet>y fa%ion1 circl+ n[ r\nd "o lum9>y & n[ submitt+ to ! attraction ( ano!r1 n )\t a s]5ely erubesc5t lu/] ( 8 own1 diff]$ toto coelo f ! cele/ial /ate ( au?or%ip by ^: c\rses we h n[ ! felicity ( be+ dazzl$ & direct$4 ,!n1 ! publications ( ! mon?s be+ v ne>ly conclud$ 9 ! mode/ br[ns ( ,blackwood & ,fras]1 & ! maje/y ( ! qu>t]lies be+ above ! range ( ! prop]ly s-call$ public m9d1 ! simple family circle look$ =w>d ) *ief complac5cy to _! ,new ,ye>'s gift ( ! ,annual--a delicately pr9t$1 lu/r\sly b\nd1 & elaborately illu/rat$ small octavo volume1 repres5t+1 aft] its mann]1 ! poetical & arti/ic inspiration ( ! age4 ,x is n a little wond]ful to me1 look+ back to ^? pleasant ye>s & _! be/[+s1 to measure ! difficultly imag9able di/ance betwe5 ! p]iodical lit]ature ( t day & ours4 ,9 a few words1 x may be summ$ by say+ t ! anci5t ,annual 0 writt5 by meekly-m9d$ p]sons1 :o felt t !y knew no?+ ab\t any?+1 & did n want to "k m4 ,fai? 9 ! usually accept$ pr9ciples ( propriety1 & confid5ce 9 ! ,funds1 ! ,que51 ! ,engli% ,*ur*1 ! ,briti% ,army & ! p]5nial cont9uance ( ,engl&1 ( h] ,annuals1 & ( ! creation 9 g5]al1 7 necess>y !n = ! eligibility1 & important elem5ts 9 ! success1 ( ! w9t]-bl[+ au?or4 ,:]eas ,i suppose t ! popul>ity ( our pres5t c&idates = praise1 at ! successive *anges ( ! moon1 may be consid]$ z almo/ proportionate to _! confid5ce 9 ! ab/ract pr9ciples ( dissolution1 ! imm$iate necessity ( *ange1 & ! inconv5i5ce1 no less ?an ! iniquity1 ( attribut+ any au?ority to ! ,*ur*1 ! ,que51 ! ,almighty1 or any?+ else b ! ,briti% ,press4 ,su* con/itutional diff]5ces 9 ! tone ( ! lit]>y cont5ts imply /ill great] contra/s 9 ! lives ( ! editors ( ^! sev]al p]iodicals4 ,x 0 en\gh = ! editor ( ! ,fri5d%ip's ,(f]+ if he c\ld ga!r = 8 ,*ri/mas b\quet a little pa/oral /ory1 suppose1 by ,miss ,mit=d1 a dramatic sket* by ! ,rev4 ,george ,croly1 a few sonnets or impromptu /anzas to music by ! g5tle/ lov]s & maid5s ( 8 acqua9tance1 & a leg5d ( ! ,ap5n9es or romance ( ! ,pyr5ees by "s adv5tur\s travel] :o _h p5etrat$ into ! recesses ( _! m\nta9s1 & w\ld modify ! traditions ( ! c\ntry to introduce a plate by ,cl>kson ,/anfield or ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+4 ,:]eas n[adays ! editor ( a lead+ mon?ly is responsible to 8 read]s = exhau/ive views ( ! politics ( ,europe dur+ ! la/ =tnight2 & w\ld ?9k himself di/anc$ 9 ! race ) 8 lun>ian rivals1 if 8 numb]s did n conta9 ?ree di/9ct & entirely new !ories ( ! sy/em ( ! univ]se1 & at lea/ "o hi!rto unobs]v$ piece ( evid5ce ( ! non5tity ( ,god4 #d4 ,9 "o respect1 h[ev]1 ! humilities ( t dep>t$ "t 7 l(ti] ?an ! prides ( to-day--t ev5 ! mo/ retir+ ( its au?ors expect$ to be admir$1 n = :at he _h discov]$1 b = :at he 04 ,x did n matt] 9 our dyna/ies ( det]m9$ noblesse h[ _m ?+s an indu/ri\s blockhead knew1 or h[ curi\s ?+s a lucky booby _h discov]$4 ,we claim$1 & gave no honor b = real rank ( human s5se & wit2 & al?\gh ?is mann] ( e/imate l$ to _m v>i\s collat]al mis*iefs--to mu* tol]ation ( misconduct 9 p]sons :o 7 amus+1 & ( uselessness 9 ^? ( prov$ ability1 !re 0 yet ! ess5tial & con/ant good 9 x1 t no "o hop$ to snap up = himself a reputation :i* 8 fri5d 0 on ! po9t ( a*iev+1 & t ev5 ! meane/ envy ( m]it 0 n embitt]$ by a gambl]'s grudge at 8 neighbor's =tune4 #e4 ,into ?is incorruptible c\rt ( lit]ature ,i 0 e>ly br\ght1 :e!r by good or evil hap1 ,i "k n2 c]ta9ly by no v delib]ate wisdom 9 my fri5ds or myself4 ,a c]ta9 capacity = rhy?mic cad5ce 7visible en\gh 9 all my lat] writ+s7 & ! *e]fulness ( a mu* protect$1 b n fooli%ly indulg$ *ildhood1 made me e>ly a rhyme/]2 & a %elf ( ! little cab9et by :i* ,i am n[ writ+ is load$ ) poetical effusions :i* 7 ! delight ( my fa!r & "m1 & ,i h n yet ! he>t to burn4 ,a wor?y ,scotti% fri5d ( my fa!r's1 ,?omas ,pr+le1 prec$$ ,mr4 ,h>rison 9 ! editor%ip ( ,fri5d%ip's ,(f]+1 & d\btfully1 b ) b5ignant sympa?y1 admitt$ ! dazzl+ hope t "o day rhymes ( m9e might be se5 9 real pr9t1 on ^? amiable & %9+ pages4 #f4 ,my introduction by ,mr4 ,pr+le to ! poet ,rog]s1 on ! gr\nd ( my admiration ( ! rec5tly publi%$ ,italy1 prov$1 z f> z ,i rememb]1 slightly disappo9t+ to ! poet1 because x appe>$ on ,mr4 ,pr+le's unadvis$ cross-exam9ation ( me 9 ! pres5ce t ,i knew m ( ! vignettes ?an ! v]ses2 & also slightly disc\rag+ to me because1 ?is contretemps necessitat+ an imm$iate *ange ( subject1 ,i !nce=w>d und]/ood none ( ! conv]sation1 & :5 we came away 0 rebuk$ by ,mr4 ,pr+le = n att5d+ to x4 ,_h 8 grave au?ority be5 ma9ta9$ ov] me1 my lit]>y bloom w\ld probably h be5 e>ly nipp$2 b he pass$ away into ! ,african des]ts2 & ! ,favonian breezes ( ,mr4 ,h>rison's praise reviv$ my droop+ ambition4 #g4 ,i "k n :e!r mo/ 9 t ambition1 or to please my fa!r1 ,i n[ began s]i\sly to cultivate my skill 9 expression4 ,i _h always an in/9ct ( possess+ consid]able ^w-p[]2 & ! s]ies ( essays writt5 ab\t ?is "t = ! ,ar*itectural ,magaz9e1 "u ! signature ( ,kata ,phus91 conta9 s5t5ces ne>ly z well put toge!r z any ,i h done s9ce4 ,b )\t ,mr4 ,h>rison's ready praise1 & sev]e punctuation1 ,i %\ld h ei!r tir$ ( my labor1 or lo/ x2 z x 01 ?\gh ,i %all always ?9k ^? e>ly ye>s might h be5 bett] sp5t1 !y _h _! rew>d4 ,z soon z ,i _h any?+ really to say1 ,i 0 able suffici5tly to say x2 & "u ,mr4 ,h>rison's *e]ful auspices1 & balmy consolations ( my fa!r "u adv]se criticism1 ! fir/ volume ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s e/abli%$ itself 9 public op9ion1 & det]m9$ ! t5or ( my future life4 #h4 ,?us began a fri5d%ip1 & 9 no unreal s5se1 ev5 a family relation%ip1 betwe5 ,mr4 ,h>rison1 my fa!r & "m1 & me1 9 :i* !re 0 no alloy :atsoev] ( di/ru/ or displeasure on ei!r side1 b :i* rema9$ fai?ful & lov+1 m & m conducive to e sort ( happ9ess among u1 to ! day ( my fa!r's dea?4 ,b ! joyfule/ days ( x = u1 & *iefly = me1 *e]$ ) concurr5t sympa?y f o!r fri5ds--( :om only "o n[ is left--7 9 ! triumphal ,olympiad ( ye>s :i* foll[$ ! publication ( ! second volume ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 :5 ,turn] himself _h giv5 to me 8 ?anks1 to my fa!r & "m 8 true fri5d%ip1 & came always = _! honor1 to keep my bir?day ) !m2 ! con/ant d9n] p>ty ( ! day rema9+ 9 its p]fect *aplet f #ahdd to #ahej1--,turn]1 ,mr4 ,?omas ,ri*mond1 ,mr4 ,george ,ri*mond1 ,samuel ,pr\t1 & ,mr4 ,h>rison4 #i4 ,mr4 ,h>rison1 z my lit]>y godfa!r1 :o _h held me at ! ,font ( ! ,muses1 & 0 answ]able to ! company = my moral pr9ciples & my syntax1 always made ! spee*2 my fa!r us$ mo/ (t5 to answ] = me 9 few words1 b ) wet eyes3 7!re 0 a g5]al und]/&+ t any good or sorr[ t might come to me 9 lit]>y life 7 inf9itely m 87 & ! two ,mr4 ,ri*monds held !mselves responsible to him = my at lea/ mod]ately dec5t or?odoxy 9 art1 tak+ 9 t matt] a t5d]ly inquisitorial function1 & w>n+ my fa!r solemnly ( two dang]\s h]esies 9 ! bud1 & ( ?+s really pass+ ! possibilities ( ! indulg5ce ( ! ,*ur*1 said aga9/ ,claude or ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,! dea? ( ,turn] & o!r ?+s1 f> m sad ?an dea?1 cl\d$ ^? e>ly days1 b ! memory ( !m return$ aga9 aft] ,i _h well won my second victory ) ! ,/ones ( ,v5ice2 & ! two ,mr4 ,ri*monds1 & ,mr4 ,h>rison1 & my fa!r1 7 aga9 happy on my bir?day1 & s to ! end4 #aj4 ,9 a f> deep] s5se ?an he himself knew1 ,mr4 ,h>rison 0 all ?is "t influ5c+ my ?\ghts & op9ions1 by ! entire consi/5cy1 cont5tm5t1 & practical s5se ( 8 mode/ life4 ,my fa!r & he 7 bo? flawless types ( ! true ,london citiz5 ( old5 days3 incorruptible1 pr\d ) sacr$ & simple pride1 happy 9 _! function & position2 putt+ daily _! total en]gy into ! detail ( _! bus9ess duties1 & f9d+ daily a ref9$ & p]fect pleasure 9 ! he>?-side poetry ( dome/ic life4 ,bo? ( !m1 9 _! he>ts1 z romantic z girls2 bo? ( !m inflexible z soldi] recruits 9 any matt] ( probity & honor1 9 bus9ess or out ( x2 bo? ( !m utt]ly hat+ radical newspap]s1 & devot$ to ! ,h\se ( ,lords2 my fa!r only1 x seem$ to me1 slightly fail+ 9 8 loyalty to ! ,wor%ipful ! ,mayor & ,corporation ( ,london4 ,?is disrespect = civic dignity 0 connect$ 9 my fa!r ) "s little gnaw+ ( discom=t--deep d[n 9 8 he>t--9 8 own position z a m]*ant1 & ) timidly indulg$ hope t 8 son might "o day move 9 high] sph]es2 :]eas ,mr4 ,h>rison 0 entirely placid & resign$ to ! w ( ,provid5ce :i* _h appo9t$ him 8 desk 9 ! ,cr[n ,life ,(fice1 nev] 9 8 mo/ romantic visions project$ a m>riage = any ( 8 daught]s ) a ,briti% b>onet or a ,g]man c\nt1 & p9n$ 8 little vanities prettily & op5ly on 8 brea/1 l a nosegay1 :5 he w5t out to d9n]4 ,mo/ especially he %one at ! ,lit]>y ,fund1 :]e he 0 ,regi/r> & _h prop] (ficial relations1 !re=e1 always ) ! ,*airman1 ,"l ,mahon1 or ,"l ,h\ghton1 or ! ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]1 or "s o!r magnific5t p]son ( t sort1 ) :om x 0 ,mr4 ,h>rison's supreme/ felicity to ex*ange a n unfrequ5t little joke--l a p9* ( snuff--& to indicate = !m ! %oals to be avoid$ & ! *annels to be foll[$ ) fl[+ sail 9 ! spee* ( ! ye>2 aft] :i*1 if p]*ance !re 7 any malignant 9 ! company :o took objection1 suppose1 to ! claims ( ! au?or la/ reliev$1 to ! *>ity ( ! ,society1 or to any claim f\nd$ on ! production ( a tale = ,blackwood's ,magaz9e1 & ( two sonnets = ,fri5d%ip's ,(f]+2 or if p]*ance !re 7 any fe/]+ %>p ?orn 9 ,mr4 ,h>rison's side 9 ! %ape ( "s di/+ui%$ radical1 ,sir ,*>les ,dilke1 or ,mr4 ,dick5s1 or anybody :o _h ev] said any?+ aga9/ taxation1 or ! ,po/ ,(fice1 or ! ,c\rt ( ,*anc]y1 or ! ,b5* ( ,bi%ops1--!n w\ld ,mr4 ,h>rison1 if he _h full fai? 9 8 ,*airman1 cunn+ly arrange ) him "s delicate little ext9ctive op]ation to be p]=m$ on t malignant or t radical 9 ! c\rse ( ! ev5+1 & w\ld relate to u exult+ly ! next day all ! incid5ts ( ! p[] ( arms1 & v9dictively 7= him7 dwell on ! b>b$ po9ts & d\ble edge ( ! beautiful episcopalian rep>tee ) :i* x 0 t]m9at$4 #aa4 ,v s]i\sly1 9 all su* public duties1 ,mr4 ,h>rison 0 a p]son ( r>e/ quality & wor?2 absolutely dis9t]e/$ 9 8 zeal1 unwe>i$ 9 ex]tion1 always ready1 nev] tiresome1 nev] absurd2 br++ practical s5se1 k9dly discretion1 & a mo/ :olesome elem5t ( good-humor$1 b incorruptible hone/y1 into ev]y?+ 8 h& f\nd to d4 ,ev]ybody respect$1 & ! be/ m5 s9c]ely reg>d$ him1 & ,i ?9k ^? :o knew mo/ ( ! _w 7 always ! fir/ to ackn[l$ge 8 f9e faculty ( do+ exactly ! "r ?+ to exactly ! "r po9t--& s pleasantly4 ,9 private life1 he 0 to me an object ( q special admiration1 9 ! quantity ( pleasure he c\ld take 9 little ?+s2 & he v mat]ially modifi$ _m ( my grave/ conclusions1 z to ! advantages or mis*iefs ( mod]n suburban life4 ,to myself sc>cely any dwell+-place & duty 9 ?is _w w\ld h appe>$ 7until1 p]haps1 ,i _h tri$ !m7 less eligible = a man ( s5sitive & fanciful m9d ?an ! ,new ,road1 ,camb]well ,gre51 & ! monoton\s (fice "w 9 ,bridge ,/reet4 ,& to a c]ta9 ext5t1 ,i am /ill ( ! same m9d z to ^! matt]s1 & d altoge!r1 & )\t d\bt or hesitation1 repudiate ! exi/5ce ( ,new ,road & ,camb]well ,gre5 9 g5]al1 no less ?an ! condemnation ( intellig5t p]sons to a r\t9e ( cl]k's "w brok5 only by a ?ree weeks' holiday 9 ! decl9e ( ! ye>4 ,on less lively1 fanciful1 & amiable p]sons ?an my old fri5d1 ! ,new ,road & ! daily desk d v]ily ex]cise a degrad+ & mu* to be regrett$ influ5ce4 ,b ,mr4 ,h>rison br\ght ! fre%ness ( pa/oral simplicity into ! mo/ fad$ corn]s ( ! ,gre51 light5$ ) 8 *e]ful he>t ! mo/ lead5 h\rs ( ! (fice1 & ga!r$ dur+ 8 ?ree weeks' holiday 9 ! neighborhood1 suppose1 ( ,guild=d1 ,graves5d1 ,broad/airs1 or ,ru/+ton1 m vital recreation & speculative philosophy ?an ano!r man w\ld h got on ! gr& t\r4 #ab4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i1 :o _h no?+ to d all day b :at ,i lik$1 & c\ld w&] at w among all ! be/ beauties ( ! globe--nor t )\t suffici5t p[] to see & to feel !m1 0 habitually a discont5t$ p]son1 & frequ5tly a we>y "o2 & ! reproa*ful ?\ght :i* always rose 9 my m9d :5 9 t unconqu]able li/lessness ( surfeit f excitem5t ,i f\nd myself unable to w9 ev5 a mom5t>y pleasure f ! faire/ sc5e1 0 always3 ,if b ,mr4 ,h>rison 7 "h in/ead ( me6 #ac4 ,_m & _m a "t ,i plann$ v s]i\sly ! beguil+ ( him ov] ! wat]4 ,b !re 0 always some?+ to be done 9 a hurry--some?+ to be work$ out--some?+ to be se51 z ,i ?\ght1 only 9 my own quiet way4 ,i believe if ,i _h b _h ! s5se to take my old fri5d ) me1 he w\ld h %[n me ev] s mu* m ?an ,i f\nd out by myself4 ,b x 0 n to be2 & ye> aft] ye> ,i w5t to grumble & mope at ,v5ice1 or ,lago ,maggiore2 & ,mr4 ,h>rison to enjoy himself f morn+ to night at ,broad/airs or ,box ,hill4 ,let me n speak ) disda9 ( ei!r4 ,no blue languor ( tideless wave is wor? ! spray & sp>kle ( a ,s\?-,ea/]n ,engli% bea*1 & no "o w ev] rightly enjoy ! p9es ( ! ,w5g]n ,alp :o despises ! boxes ( ,box ,hill4 ,nay1 ,i rememb] me ( a little rapture ( ,george ,ri*mond himself on ^? fair slopes ( sunny sw>d1 end+ 9 a vision ( ,tobit & 8 dog--no less--l$ up !re by ! helpful angel4 7,i h always wond]$1 by ! way1 :e!r t bless$ dog m9d$ :at ! angel said to him47 #ad4 ,b ,mr4 ,h>rison 0 indep5d5t ( ^! m]e e!real visions1 & surr\nd$ himself only ) a halo ( sublun>y beatitude4 ,welcome always he1 z on 8 side frankly com+ to be well1 ) ! f>m]1 ! squire1 ! rector1 !--,i _h l to h said1 diss5t+ m9i/]1 b ,i ?9k ,mr4 ,h>rison usually evad$ villages = summ] domicile :i* 7 9 any wise op5 to suspicion ( ,diss5t 9 ! air1--b ) hunt+ rector1 & ! ,high ,*ur* curate1 & ! rector's daught]s1 & ! curate's "m--& ! l&lord ( ! ,r$ ,lion1 & ! ho/l] ( ! ,r$ ,lion /ables1 & ! tap/] ( ! ,pig & ,:i/le1 & all ! pigs 9 ! backy>d1 & all ! :i/l]s 9 ! /reet--:e!r = want ( ?\ght or = gayety ( x1 & all ! geese on ! common1 ducks 9 ! horse-pond1 & daws 9 ! /eeple1 ,mr4 ,h>rison 0 kn[n & belov$ by e bird & body ( !m be=e half 8 holiday 0 ov]1 & ! re/ ( x 0 m]e exub]ance ( fe/ivity ab\t him1 & applaud+ coronation ( 8 head & he>t4 ,above all1 he delight$ 9 ! ways ( animals & *ildr54 ,he wrote a bir?day ode--or at lea/ a tumble-out-(-!-ne/-day ode--to our pet rook1 ,grip1 :i* enc\rag$ t bird 9 tak+ su* lib]ties ) ! cook1 & 9 address+ s _m imp]t95ces to ! o!r s]vants1 t he became ! m]e plague1 or z ! ,fr5* w\ld express x1 ! ,black-bea/1 ( ! kit*5 at ,d5m>k ,hill = ! re/ ( 8 life4 ,!re 0 almo/ always a di>y kept1 usually1 ,i ?9k1 9 rhyme1 ( ^? summ] h\rs ( indol5ce2 & :5 at la/ x 0 recogniz$1 9 due & rev]5t way1 at ! ,cr[n ,life ,(fice1 t inde$ ! "t _h drawn ne> :5 its con/ant & fai?ful s]vant %\ld be all[$ to re/1 x 0 p]haps n ! lea/ ( my fri5d's praisewor?y & g5tle gifts to be truly capable ( re/2 )draw+ himself into ! memories ( 8 useful & b5evol5t life1 & mak+ x truly a holiday 9 its honor$ ev5+4 ,! idea !n occurr$ to him 7& x 0 n[ my turn to press ) he>ty sympa?y ! sometimes int]mitt$ task7 ( writ+ ^! ,rem9isc5ces3 valuable--valuable to :om1 & = :at1 ,i beg9 to wond]4 #ae4 ,= inde$ ^! memories are ( p :o are pass$ away l ! sn[ 9 h>ve/2 & n[1 ) ! %>p-sickle reap]s ( full %ocks ( ! fatt5+ :eat ( metaphysics1 & fair noveli/s ,ru?-l 9 ! fields ( b>ley1 or m mis*iev\sly com+ ?r\gh ! rye1--:at w ! public1 s vigor\sly su/a9$ by ^!1 c>e to he> ( ! lovely writ]s ( old days1 qua9t creatures t !y 78--,m]ry ,miss ,mit=d1 actually liv+ 9 ! c\ntry1 actually walk+ 9 x1 lov+ x1 & f9d+ hi/ory en\gh 9 ! life ( ! but*]'s boy1 & romance en\gh 9 ! /ory ( ! mill]'s daught]1 to occupy all h] m9d )1 innoc5t ( tr\bles conc]n+ ! ,turki% "q2 /eady-go+ old ,b>ham1 confess+ nobody b ! ,jackdaw ( ,rheims1 & fe>less alike ( ,ritualism1 ,d>w9ism1 or dise/abli%m5t2 iridesc5t cle>ness ( ,?omas ,hood--! wilde/1 deepe/ inf9ity ( m>vel\sly je/ful m52 manly & rational ,sydney1 inevitable1 infallible1 in(f5sively wise ( wit2#c--!y are gone _! way1 & ours is f> div]se2 & !y & all ! less-kn[n1 yet pleasantly & brightly end[$ spirits ( t "t1 are sudd5ly z un9telligible to u z ! ,etruscans--n a feel+ !y _h t we c %>e 92 & ^! pictures ( !m w be to u valuable only z ! sculpture "u ! ni*es f> 9 ! %ade !re ( ! old p>i% *ur*1 dimly vital images ( inconceivable creatures :om we %all nev] see ! l ( m4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,?is pap] 0 writt5 z a preface to a s]ies ( ,rem9isc5ces f ! p5 ( ! late ,mr4 ,w4 ,h4 ,h>rison1 comm5c$ 9 ! ,univ]sity ,magaz9e ( ,may #ahgh4 ,x 0 sep>ately pr9t$ 9 t magaz9e 9 ! prec$+ mon?1 b ow+ to ,mr4 ,rusk9's illness at ! "t1 he 0 unable to see x ?r\gh ! press4 ,a lett] f ,mr4 ,rusk9 to ,mr4 ,h>rison1 pr9t$ 9 ,arr[s ( ! ,*ace1 may be f\nd ( int]e/ 9 connection ) ! op5+ /atem5ts ( ?is pap]4--,,ed4 #b ,fri5d%ip's ,(f]+ ( #ahce includ$ two poems1 sign$ ,j4 ,r41 & entitl$ ,saltzburg & ,fragm5ts f a ,metrical ,j\rnal2 ,&]na*t & ,/4 ,go>4--,,ed4 #c ,9 ! ,life & ,times ( ,sydney ,smi?1 by ,/u>t ,j4 ,reid 7,london1 #ahhd1 p4 #cgd71 appe>s a lett] address$ to ! au?or by ,mr4 ,rusk91 to :om ! book is d$icat$3-- ,,ox=d1 ,nov4 #ae?1 #ahhc4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,i want$ to tell y :at deep respect ,i _h = ,sydney ,smi?2 b my "t has be5 cut to pieces ev] s9ce y\r note rea*$ me4 ,he 0 ! fir/ 9 ! lit]>y circles ( ,london to ass]t ! value ( ',mod]n ,pa9t]s1' & he has always seem$ to me equally ke5-sight$ & g5]\s 9 8 e/imate ( lit]>y ef=ts4 ,8 ',moral ,philosophy' is ! only book on ! subject :i* ,i c>e t my pupils %\ld read1 & !re is no man 7:om ,i h n p]sonally kn[n7 ^: image is s vivid 9 my con/ant affection4--,ev] y\r fai?ful s]vant1 ,,john ,,rusk94--,,ed4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,art4 ,i4 ,,hi/ory ,,& ,,criticism4 ,,"l ,,l9dsay',s ,,*ri/ian ,,art4 7,qu>t]ly ,review1 ,june #ahdg47 ,,ea/lake',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,oil ,,pa9t+4 7,qu>t]ly ,review1 ,m>* #ahdh47 ,,samuel ,,pr\t4 7,art ,j\rnal1 ,m>* #ahdi47 ,,sir ,,jo%ua ,,& ,,holbe94 7,cornhill ,magaz9e1 ,m>* #ahfj47 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,*ri/ian ,,art4#d ,,by ,,"l ,,l9dsay4 #af4 ,!re is1 p]haps1 no ph5om5on connect$ ) ! hi/ory ( ! fir/ half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 :i* w become a subject ( m curi\s inve/igation 9 aft] ages1 ?an ! co9cid5t developm5t ( ! ,critical faculty1 & ext9ction ( ! ,arts ( ,design4 ,our me*anical en]gies1 va/ ?\gh !y be1 are n s+ul> nor *>act]i/ic2 su*1 & s great1 h be=e be5 manife/$--& x may p]haps be record$ ( u ) wond] r ?an respect1 t we pi]c$ m\nta9s & excavat$ valleys1 only to emulate ! activity ( ! gnat & ! swiftness ( ! swall[4 ,our discov]ies 9 sci5ce1 h[ev] accel]at$ or compreh5sive1 are b ! necess>y developm5t ( ! m wond]ful rea*+s into vacancy ( pa/ c5turies2 & !y :o /ruck ! piles ( ! bridge ( ,*aos w arre/ ! eyes ( ,futurity r ?an we build]s ( its t[]s & gates--!irs ! au?ority ( ,light1 ours b ! ord]+ ( c\rses to ! ,sun & ,moon4 #ag4 ,b ! ,negative "* ( ! age is di/9ctive4 ,!re has n be=e appe>$ a race l t ( civiliz$ ,europe at ?is day1 ?\ghtfully unproductive ( all art--ambiti\s--indu/ri\s--inve/igative-- reflective1 & incapable4 ,disda9$ by ! savage1 or scatt]$ by ! soldi]1 di%onor$ by ! voluptu>y1 or =bidd5 by ! fanatic1 ! arts h n1 till n[1 be5 ext+ui%$ by analysis & p>alyz$ by protection4 ,our lectur]s1 le>n$ 9 hi/ory1 exhibit ! desc5ts ( excell5ce f s*ool to s*ool1 & cle> f d\bt ! p$igrees ( p[]s :i* !y _c re-e/abli%1 & ( virtues no m to be reviv$3 ! s*ol> is e>ly acqua9t$ ) e dep>tm5t ( ! ,impossible1 & expresses 9 prop] t]ms 8 s5se ( ! defici5cies ( ,titian & ! errors ( ,mi*ael ,angelo3 ! metaphysician weaves f field to field 8 analogies ( gossam]1 :i* %ake & glitt] fairly 9 ! sun1 b mu/ be torn asund] by ! fir/ pl[ t passes3 geometry measures out1 by l9e & rule1 ! light :i* is to illu/rate h]oism1 & ! %ad[ :i* %\ld veil di/ress2 & anatomy c\nts muscles1 & sy/ematizes motion1 9 ! wre/l+ ( ,g5ius ) its angel4 ,nor is +5uity want+--nor pati5ce2 appreh5sion 0 nev] m ready1 nor execution m exact--yet no?+ is ( u1 or 9 u1 accompli%$2--! treasures ( our weal? & w are sp5t 9 va9--our c>es are z cl\ds )\t wat]--our creations fruitless & p]i%able2 ! succe$+ ,age w trample sopra lor vanita *e p> p]sona1 & po9t wond]+ly back to ! /range colorless tess]a 9 ! mosaic ( human m9d4 #ah4 ,no previ\s example c be %[n1 9 ! c>e] ( nations n altoge!r nomad or b>b>\s1 ( s total an abs5ce ( inv5tion1--( any mat]ial repres5tation ( ! m9d's inw>d ye>n+ & desire1 se51 z soon z %ap$1 to be1 ?\gh imp]fect1 9 its ess5ce good1 & wor?y to be re/$ 9 ) cont5tm5t1 & consi/+ self-approval--! ,sabba? ( contemplation :i* confesses & confirms ! maje/y ( a /yle4 ,all b ourselves h _h ?is 9 measure2 ! ,imag9ation has /irr$ h]self 9 proportion to ! requirem5ts1 capacity1 & en]gy ( ea* race3 reckless or p5sive1 so>+ or frivol\s1 /ill %e has _h life & influ5ce2 sometimes aim+ at ,heav5 ) brick = /one & slime = mort>--anon b\nd d[n to pa9t+ ( porcela91 & c>v+ ( ivory1 b always ) an inw>d consci\sness ( p[] :i* might inde$ be palsi$ or imprison$1 b n 9 op]ation va94 ,alt>s h be5 r5t1 _m--a%es p\r$ out1--h&s )]$--b we alone h wor%ip$1 & receiv$ no answ]--! pieces left 9 ord] ^u ! wood1 & our names writ 9 ! wat] t runs r\ndab\t ! tr5*4 #ai4 ,x is easi] to conceive ?an to enum]ate ! _m circum/ances :i* are h]e9 aga9/ u1 necess>ily1 & exclusive ( all t wisdom might avoid1 or resolution vanqui%4 ,fir/1 ! weight ( m]e numb]s1 among :om ease ( communication r r5d]s opposition ( judgm5t fatal1 ?an agreem5t probable2 look+ f ,engl& to ,attica1 or f ,g]many to ,tuscany1 we may rememb] to :at good purpose x 0 said t ! magnetism ( iron 0 f\nd n 9 b>s1 b 9 ne$les4 ,toge!r ) ?is adv]sity ( numb] comes ! likelihood ( _m among ! m available intellects be+ held back & belat$ 9 ! cr[d1 or else prematurely outwe>i$2 = x n[ ne$s bo? curi\s =tune & vigor\s ef=t to give to any1 ev5 ! greate/1 su* e>ly positions ( em95ce & audi5ce z may fe$ _! =ce ) advantage2 s t m5 sp5d _! /r5g? 9 op5+ circles1 & cry+ = place1 & only come to spee* ( u ) brok5 voices & %ort5$ "t4 ,!n foll[s ! dim9ution ( importance 9 peculi> places & public edifices1 z !y engage national affection or vanity2 no s+le city c n[ take su* que5ly lead z t ! pride ( ! :ole body ( ! p %all be involv$ 9 adorn+ h]2 ! build+s ( ,london or ,muni* are n *>g$ ) ! fullness ( ! national he>t z 7 ! domes ( ,pisa & ,flor5ce3--_! cr$it or %ame is metropolitan1 n acropolitan2 c5tral at ! be/1 n dom9ant2 & ?is is "o ( ! *ief modes 9 :i* ! cessation ( sup]/ition1 s f> z x has tak5 place1 has be5 ( evil consequ5ce to art1 t ! obs]vance ( local sanctities be+ aboli%$1 meanness & mi/ake are any:]e all[$ (1 & ! ?\ghts & weal? :i* 7 devot$ & exp5d$ to good purpose 9 "o place1 are n[ di/ract$ & scatt]$ to utt] unavailabl5ess4 #bj4 ,9 proportion to ! increas+ spirituality ( religion1 ! conception ( wor?9ess 9 mat]ial (f]+ ceases1 & ) x ! s5se ( beauty 9 ! evid5ce ( votive labor2 ma*9e-"w is sub/itut$ = h&work1 z if ! value ( ornam5t consi/$ 9 ! m]e multiplication ( agreeable =ms1 in/ead ( 9 ! evid5ce ( human c>e & ?\ght & love ab\t ! sep>ate /ones2 &--ma*9e-"w once tol]at$--! eye itself soon loses its s5se ( ?is v evid5ce1 & no m p]ceives ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! bl9d accuracy ( ! eng9e1 & ! bright1 /range play ( ! liv+ /roke--a diff]5ce z great z betwe5 ! =m ( a /one pill> & a spr++ f\nta94 ,& on ?is bl9dness foll[ all errors & abuses--holl[ness & slightness ( framework1 speci\sness ( surface ornam5t1 conceal$ /ructure1 imitat$ mat]ials1 & types ( =m borr[$ f ?+s noble = ?+s base2 & all ^! abuses mu/ be resi/$ ) ! m caution1 & less success1 because 9 _m ways !y are signs or consequ5ces ( improvem5t1 & are associat$ bo? ) pur] =ms ( religi\s feel+ & ) m g5]al diffusion ( ref9em5ts & com=ts2 & especially because we are critically aw>e ( all our defici5cies1 too cognizant ( all t is greate/ to pass will+ly & humbly ?r\gh ! /ages t rise to x1 & oppress$ 9 e hone/ ef=t by ! bitt] s5se ( inf]iority4 ,9 e previ\s developm5t ! p[] has be5 9 advance ( ! consci\sness1 ! res\rces m abundant ?an ! k--! en]gy irresi/ible1 ! discipl9e imp]fect4 ,! light t l$ 0 n>r[ & dim--/reak+s ( dawn--b x fell ) k9dly g5tl5ess on eyes newly awak5$ out ( sleep4 ,b we are n[ ar\s$ sudd5ly 9 ! light ( an intol]able day--our limbs fail "u ! sun/roke--we are wall$ 9 by ! great build+s ( eld] times1 & _! fi]ce rev]b]ation falls ^u u )\t pause1 9 our fev]i% & oppressive consci\sness ( captivity2 we are laid b$ridd5 at ! ,beautiful ,gate1 & all our hope mu/ re/ 9 acceptance ( ! su* z ,i h1 ( ! pass]s by4 #ba4 ,! frequ5t & firm1 yet mode/ expression ( ?is hope1 gives peculi> value to ,"l ,l9dsay's book on ,*ri/ian ,art2 = x is seldom t a grasp ( antiquity s compreh5sive1 & a reg>d = x s affectionate1 h consi/$ ) aught b gloomy =ebod+ ) respect to our own times4 ,z a contribution to ! ,hi/ory ( ,art1 8 "w is unque/ionably ! mo/ valuable :i* has yet appe>$ 9 ,engl&4 ,8 rese>* has be5 unwe>i$2 he has avail$ himself ( ! be/ results ( ,g]man inve/igation--8 own acut5ess ( disc]nm5t 9 cases ( approximat+ or d]ivative /yle is consid]able--& he has set be=e ! ,engli% read] an outl9e ( ! relations ( ! primitive s*ools ( ,sacr$ art :i* we ?9k s ?or\ghly v]ifi$ 9 all its m important ramifications1 t1 ) :atev] ri*ness ( detail ! labor ( succe$+ writ]s may illu/rate !m1 ! lead+ l9es ( ,"l ,l9dsay's *>t w always h5ce=? be foll[$4 ,! feel+ :i* p]vades ! :ole book is *a/5$1 s]i\s1 & full ( rev]5ce = ! /r5g? orda9$ out ( ! lips ( infant ,art--accept+ on its own t]ms its simple/ tea*+1 sympa?iz+ ) all k9dness 9 its unreason+ fai?2 ! writ] evid5tly look+ back ) mo/ joy & ?ankfulness to h\rs pass$ 9 gaz+ ^u ! fad$ & fa9t t\*es ( feeble h&s1 & li/5+ ?r\gh ! /illness ( un9vad$ cloi/]s = fall ( voices n[ almo/ sp5t2 yet he is nev] contract$ into ! bigot1 nor inflam$ into ! en?usia/2 he nev] loses 8 memory ( ! outside _w1 nev] quits nor compromises 8 sev]e & reflective ,prote/antism1 nev] gives gr\nd ( (f5se by despite or =getfulness ( any ord] ( m]it or p]iod ( ef=t4 ,& ! tone ( 8 address to our pres5t s*ools is !re=e nei!r scornful nor p]emptory2 8 hope1 consi/+ ) full appreh5sion ( all t we h lo/1 is bas$ on a /rict & /]n e/imate ( our p[]1 position1 & res\rce1 compell+ ! ass5t ev5 ( ! lea/ sangu9e to 8 expectancy ( ! revelation ( a new _w ( ,spiritual ,beauty1 ( :i* :osoev] 99 99 99 w d$icate 8 tal5ts1 z ! bondsman ( love1 to 8 ,r$eem]'s glory & ! good ( mank9d1 may become ! prie/ & int]pret]1 by adopt+ 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 & re-issu+ ) t outw>d inve/iture :i* ! assidu\s /udy ( all t is beautiful1 ei!r 9 ,grecian sculpture1 or ! lat] b less spiritual s*ools ( pa9t+1 has enabl$ him to supply1 su* ( its bright ideas z he f9ds imprison$ 9 ! e>ly & imp]fect ef=ts ( art--& secondly1 by explor+ fur!r on 8 own acc\nt 9 ! untrodd5 realms ( feel+ t lie be=e him1 & call+ into palpable exi/5ce visions z bright1 z pure1 & z immortal z ^? t h already1 9 ! gold5 days ( ,raphael & ,p]ug9o1 obey$ _! creative m&ate1 ,live6 7,vol4 iii41 p4 #dbb74e 99 99 99 #bb4 ,b :ile we ?us def] to ! discrim9ation1 respect ! feel+1 & jo9 9 ! hope ( ! au?or1 we e>ne/ly deprecate ! frequ5t ass]tion1 z we entirely d5y ! accuracy or propriety1 ( ! metaphysical analogies1 9 accordance ) :i* 8 "w has unhappily be5 arrang$4 ,?\gh ^! _h be5 z c>efully1 z !y are crudely1 consid]$1 x _h /ill be5 no light error ( judgm5t to ?ru/ !m ) dogmatism s abrupt into ! =efront ( a "w ^: purpose is assur$ly z mu* to w9 to ! tru? z to demon/rate x4 ,! writ] has app>5tly =gott5 t ( ! m5 to :om he mu/ prim>ily look = ! work+ out ( 8 anticipations1 ! mo/ "p are ( limit$ k & invet]ate habit1 m5 dext]\s 9 practice1 idle 9 ?\ght2 _m ( !m compell$ by ill-ord]$ patronage into directions ( ex]tion at v>iance ) _! own be/ impulses1 & reg>d+ _! art only z a means ( life2 all ( !m consci\s ( practical difficulties :i* ! critic is too apt to "u-e/imate1 & probably rememb]+ disappo9tm5ts ( e>ly ef=t rude en\gh to *ill ! mo/ e>ne/ he>t4 ,! %all[ amateur%ip ( ! circle ( _! patrons e>ly disgu/s !m ) !ories2 !y %r9k back to ! h>d tea*+ ( _! own indu/ry1 & w\ld r read ! book :i* facilitat$ _! me?ods ?an ! "o t rationaliz$ _! aims4 ,noble exceptions !re are1 & m ?an might be deem$2 b ! labor sp5t 9 conte/ ) executive difficulties r5d]s ev5 ^! bett] m5 unapt receiv]s ( a sy/em :i* looks ) little respect on su* a*ievem5t1 & %rewd disc]n]s ( ! p>ts ( su* sy/em :i* h be5 feebly root$1 or fancifully re>$4 ,_! att5tion %\ld h be5 attract$ bo? by cle>ness & k9dness ( promise2 _! impati5ce prev5t$ by close reason+ & sev]e pro( ( e /atem5t :i* might seem transc5d5tal4 ,altoge!r void ( su* consid]ation or c>e1 ,"l ,l9dsay nev] ev5 s mu* z /ates ! mean+ or purpose ( 8 appeal1 b1 clasp+ 8 h&s desp]ately ov] 8 head1 disappe>s on ! in/ant 9 an abyss ( curi\s & unsupport$ ass]tions ( ! philosophy ( human nature3 reappe>+ only1 l a brea?less div]1 9 ! ?ird page1 to deprecate ! surprise ( ! read] :om he has nev] address$1 at a conviction :i* he has nev] /at$2 & aga9 vani%+ ere we c well look him 9 ! face1 among ! frank9c5s$ cl\ds ( ,*ri/ian my?ology3 fill+ ! great] "p ( 8 fir/ volume ) a resume ( its symbols & traditions1 yet nev] v\*saf+ ! slighte/ h9t ( ! objects = :i* !y are assembl$1 or ! am\nt ( cr$5ce ) :i* he w\ld h !m reg>d$2 & s proce$s to ! hi/orical portion ( ! book1 leav+ ! :ole !ory :i* is its key to be pa9fully ga!r$ f scatt]$ passages1 & 9 great "p f ! m]e =m ( enum]ation adopt$ 9 ! prelim9>y *>t ( ! s*ools2 & giv+ z yet acc\nt only ( t p]iod to :i* ! m]e arti/ looks ) lea/ int]e/--:ile ! "w1 ev5 :5 complet$1 w be no?+ m ?an a s+le p9nacle ( ! hi/orical edifice ^: gr\nd-plan is laid 9 ! prec$+ essay1 ,progression by ,antagonism3--a plan1 by ! au?or's confession1 too ext5sive = 8 own1 or any s+le h& to execute1 yet )\t ! und]/&+ ( ^: ma9 relations x is impossible to receive ! int5d$ tea*+ ( ! complet$ portion4 #bc4 ,x is g5]ally easi] to plan :at is beyond ! rea* ( o!rs ?an to execute :at is )9 our own2 & x _h be5 well if ! range ( ?is introductory essay _h be5 some?+ less ext5sive1 & its reason+ m c>eful4 ,its se>* aft] tru? is hone/ & impetu\s1 & its results w\ld h appe>$ z int]e/+ z !y are inde$ valuable1 _h !y b be5 arrang$ ) ord9>y p]spicuity1 & repres5t$ 9 simple t]ms4 ,b ! writ]'s evil g5ius pursues him2 ! dem& = ex]tion ( ?\ght is remorseless1 & cont9u\s ?r\gh\t1 & ! /atem5ts ( !oretical pr9ciple z %ort1 scatt]$1 & obscure1 z !y are bold4 ,we "q :e!r _m read]s may n be utt]ly appall$ by ! aspect ( an ,analysis ( ,human ,nature--! fir/ task propos$ to !m by our intellectual ,eury/heus--to be accompli%$ 9 ! space ( six semi-pages1 foll[$ 9 ! sev5? by ! ,developm5t ( ! ,individual ,man1 & appli$ 9 ! eigh? to a ,g5]al ,classification ( ,individuals3 & we inf9itely m>vel t our au?or %\ld h ?\ght x unnecess>y to support or expla9 a division ( ! m5tal attributes on :i* ! treatm5t ( 8 entire subject aft]w>ds dep5ds1 & ^: t]ms are repeat$ 9 e foll[+ page to ! v dazzl+ ( eye & dead5+ ( e> 7a division1 we regret to say1 z illogical z x is purposeless71 o!rwise ?an by a laconic ref]5ce to ! assumptions ( ,phr5ology4 ,! ,individual ,man1 or ,man consid]$ by himself z an unit 9 creation1 is comp\nd$ ( ?ree di/9ct prim>y elem5ts4 #a4 ,s5se1 or ! animal frame1 ) its passions or affections2 #b4 ,m9d or ,intellect2--( :i* ! di/+ui%+ faculties--r>ely1 if ev]1 equally balanc$1 & by _! respective pr$om9ance det]m9ative ( 8 :ole "*1 conduct1 & views ( life--are1 i4 ,imag9ation1 ! disc]n] ( ,beauty1-- ii4 ,reason1 ! disc]n] ( ,tru?1-- ! =m] animat+ & in=m+ ! _w ( ,s5se or ,matt]1 ! latt] f9d+ h] prop] home 9 ! _w ( ab/ract or immat]ial exi/5ces --! =m] receiv+ ! impress ( ?+s ,objectively1 or ab ext]no1 ! latt] impress+ its own ideas on !m ,subjectively1 or ab int]no--! =m] a fem99e or passive1 ! latt] a mascul9e or active pr9ciple2 & iii4 ,_s--! ,moral or ,immortal pr9ciple1 rul+ ?r\gh ! ,w1 & brea!d into ,man by ! ,brea? ( ,god4--,progression by ,antagonism1 pp4 #b1 #c4 #bd4 ,on :at au?ority does ! writ] assume t ! moral is alone ! ,immortal pr9ciple--or ! only "p ( ! human nature be/[$ by ! brea? ( ,god8 ,are imag9ation1 !n1 & reason p]i%able8 ,is ! ,body itself8 ,are n all alike immortal2 & :5 di/9ction is to be made among !m1 is n ! fir/ great division betwe5 _! active & passive immortality1 betwe5 ! support$ body & support+ _s2 t _s itself aft]w>ds r conv5i5tly to be consid]$ z ei!r ex]cis+ intellectual function1 or receiv+ moral influ5ce1 &1 bo? 9 p[] & passiv5ess1 d]iv+ its en]gy & s5sibility alike f ! su/a9+ brea? ( ,god--?an actually divid$ into intellectual & moral p>ts8 ,= if ! di/9ction betwe5 u & ! brute be ! te/ ( ! nature ( ! liv+ s\l by t brea? conf]r$1 x is assur$ly to be f\nd z mu* 9 ! imag9ation z 9 ! moral pr9ciple4 ,!re is b "o ( ! moral s5tim5ts enum]at$ by ,"l ,l9dsay1 ! sign ( :i* is abs5t 9 ! animal creation3--! enum]ation is a bald "o1 b let x s]ve ! turn--,self-e/eem & love ( ,approbation1 em95t 9 horse & dog2 ,firmness1 n want+ ei!r to ant or elephant2 ,v5]ation1 di/9ct z f> z ! sup]iority ( man c by brutal intellect be compreh5d$2 ,hope1 develop$ z f> z its objects c be made visible2 & ,b5evol5ce1 or ,love1 ! highe/ ( all1 ! mo/ assur$ ( all--toge!r ) all ! modifications ( opposite feel+1 rage1 jeal\sy1 habitual malice1 ev5 love ( mis*ief & compreh5sion ( je/3--! "o only moral s5tim5t want+ be+ t ( responsibility to an ,invisible be+1 or consci5ti\sness4 ,b :]e1 among brutes1 %all we f9d ! slighte/ trace ( ! ,imag9ative faculty1 or ( t disc]nm5t ( beauty :i* our au?or mo/ inaccurately conf\nds ) x1 or ( ! discipl9e ( memory1 grasp+ ?is or t circum/ance at w1 or ( ! /ill nobl] =esight (1 & respect t[>ds1 ?+s future1 except only in/9ctive & compell$8 #be4 ,! fact is1 t x is n 9 intellect add$ to ! bodily s5se1 nor 9 moral s5tim5t sup]add$ to ! intellect1 t ! ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 brute & man consi/s3 b 9 ! elevation ( all ?ree to t po9t at :i* ea* becomes capable ( communion ) ! ,deity1 & wor?y !re=e ( et]nal life2--! body m univ]sal z an in/rum5t--m exquisite 9 its s5se--?is la/ "* c>ri$ out 9 ! eye & e> to ! p]ception ( ,beauty1 9 =m1 s\nd1 & color--& h]e9 di/9ctively rais$ above ! brutal s5se2 intellect1 z we h said1 peculi>ly sep>at+ & va/2 ! moral s5tim5ts l 9 ess5ce1 b b\ndlessly exp&$1 z atta*$ to an inf9ite object1 & labor+ 9 an inf9ite field3 ea* "p mortal 9 its %ortcom+1 immortal 9 ! accompli%m5t ( its p]fection & purpose2 ! opposition :i* we at fir/ broadly express$ z betwe5 body & _s1 be+ m /rictly betwe5 ! natural & spiritual condition ( ! entire creature--body natural1 s[n 9 dea?1 body spiritual1 rais$ 9 incorruption3 ,intellect natural1 lead+ to skepticism2 intellect spiritual1 exp&+ into fai?3 ,passion natural1 suff]$ f ?+s spiritual2 passion spiritual1 c5t]$ on ?+s unse53 & ! /rife or antagonism :i* is ?r\gh\t ! subject ( ,"l ,l9dsay's pro(1 is n1 z he has /at$ x1 betwe5 ! moral1 intellectual1 & s5sual elem5ts1 b betwe5 ! upw>d & d[nw>d t5d5cies ( all ?ree--betwe5 ! _s ( ,man :i* goe? upw>d1 & ! _s ( ! ,bea/ :i* goe? d[nw>d4 #bf4 ,we %\ld n h be5 ?us /rict 9 our exam9ation ( ^! prelim9>y /atem5ts1 if ! "q _h be5 "o ( t]ms m]ely1 or if ! inaccuracy ( ?\ght _h be5 conf9$ to ! ,essay on ,antagonism4 ,if ^u receiv+ a writ]'s t]ms ( argum5t 9 ! s5se--h[ev] unusual or mi/ak5--:i* he *ooses !y %\ld be>1 we may )\t fur!r error foll[ 8 c\rse ( ?\ght1 x is z unk9d z unpr(itable to lose ! use ( 8 result 9 qu>rel ) its algebraic expression2 & if ! read] w und]/& by ,"l ,l9dsay's g5]al t]m ,_s ! susceptibility ( "r moral emotion1 & ! entire subjection ( ! ,w to ,reason2 & receive 8 t]m ,s5se z n includ+ ! p]ception ( ,beauty ei!r 9 sight or s\nd1 b expressive ( animal s5sation only1 he may foll[ )\t emb>rassm5t to its close1 8 magnific5tly compreh5sive /atem5t ( ! =ms ( probation :i* ! he>t & faculties ( man h und]gone f ! beg9n+ ( "t4 ,b x is f> o!rwise :5 ! !ory is to be appli$1 9 all its pseudo-organization1 to ! sep>ate dep>tm5ts ( a p>ticul> art1 & analogies ! mo/ subtle & speculative trac$ betwe5 ! m5tal "* & arti/ical *oice or atta9m5t ( diff]5t races ( m54 ,su* analogies are always trea*]\s1 = ! am\nt ( expression ( individual m9d :i* ,art c convey is dep5d5t on s _m collat]al circum/ances1 t x ev5 militates aga9/ ! tru? ( any p>ticul> sy/em ( int]pretation t x %\ld seem at fir/ g5]ally applicable1 or its results consi/5t4 ,! passages 9 :i* su* int]pretation has be5 attempt$ 9 ! "w be=e u1 are too graceful to be regrett$1 nor is _! brilliant sugge/iv5ess o!rwise ?an pleas+ & pr(itable too1 s long z x is receiv$ on its own gr\nds m]ely1 & affects n ) its unc]ta9ty ! v matt] ( its f\ndation4 ,b all oscillation is communicable1 & ,"l ,l9dsay is mu* to be blam$ = leav+ x entirely to ! read] to di/+ui% betwe5 ! det]m9ation ( 8 rese>* & ! activity ( 8 fancy--betwe5 ! au?ority ( 8 int]pretation & ! aptness ( 8 metaphor4 ,he :o w\ld ass]t ! true mean+ ( a symbolical art1 9 an age ( /rict inquiry & t>dy imag9ation1 ought r to surr5d] some?+ ( ! fullness :i* 8 own fai? p]ceives1 ?an expose ! fabric ( 8 vision1 too f9ely wov51 to ! h>d h&l+ ( ! mat]iali/2 & we s9c]ely regret t discr$it is likely to accrue to portions ( our au?or's well-gr\nd$ /atem5t ( real significances1 once ( all m5 und]/ood1 because ^! are ra%ly bl5d$ ) 8 own accid5tal p]ceptions ( disputable analogy4 ,he p]petually associates ! pres5t imag9ative influ5ce ( ,art ) its anci5t hi]oglyphical tea*+1 & m+les fancies fit only = ! framework ( a sonnet1 ) ! deciph]$ evid5ce :i* is to e/abli% a s]i\s po9t ( hi/ory2 & ?is ! m frequ5tly & grossly1 9 ! endeavor to =ce e bran* ( 8 subject into illu/ration ( ! false division ( ! m5tal attributes :i* we h po9t$ out4 #bg4 ,8 !ory is fir/ cle>ly /at$ 9 ! foll[+ passage3-- 99 99 99 ,man is1 9 ! /ricte/ s5se ( ! ^w1 a progressive be+1 & ) _m p]iods ( inaction & retrogression1 has /ill held1 ^u ! :ole1 a /eady c\rse t[>ds ! great end ( 8 exi/5ce1 ! re-union & re-h>moniz+ ( ! ?ree elem5ts ( 8 be+1 dislocat$ by ! ,fall1 9 ! s]vice ( 8 ,god4 ,ea* ( ^! ?ree elem5ts1 ,s5se1 ,intellect1 & ,_s1 has _h its di/9ct developm5t at ?ree di/ant int]vals1 & 9 ! p]sonality ( ! ?ree great bran*es ( ! human family4 ,! race ( ,ham1 giants 9 pr[ess if n 9 /ature1 cle>$ ! e>? ( primeval =e/s & mon/]s1 built cities1 e/abli%$ va/ empires1 inv5t$ ! me*anical arts1 & gave ! fulle/ expansion to ! animal en]gies4 ,aft] !m1 ! ,greeks1 ! eld] l9e ( ,japhet1 develop$ ! intellectual faculties1 ,imag9ation & ,reason1 m especially ! =m]1 always ! e>li] to bud & blossom2 poetry & fiction1 hi/ory1 philosophy1 & sci5ce1 alike look back to ,greece z _! bir?place2 on ! "o h& !y put a s\l into ,s5se1 peopl+ ! _w ) _! gay my?ology--on ! o!r !y bequea!d to u1 9 ,plato & ,ari/otle1 ! mighty patri>*s ( human wisdom1 ! ,d>ius & ! ,alex&] ( ! two gr& armies ( ?9k+ m5 ^: antagonism has ev] s9ce divid$ ! battlefield ( ! human intellect3--,:ile1 la/ly1 ! race ( ,%em1 ! ,jews1 & ! nations ( ,*ri/5dom1 _! locum t55tes z ! ,spiritual ,israel1 h1 by ,god's bless+1 be5 elevat$ 9 ,_s to z ne> & intimate communion ) ,deity z is possible 9 ?is /age ( be+4 ,n[ ! peculi> int]e/ & dignity ( ,art consi/s 9 h] exact correspond5ce 9 h] ?ree dep>tm5ts ) ^! ?ree p]iods ( developm5t1 & 9 ! illu/ration %e ?us af=ds--m closely & m>k$ly ev5 ?an lit]ature--to ! all-important tru? t m5 /& or fall accord+ z !y look up to ! ,ideal or n4 ,= example1 ! ,ar*itecture ( ,egypt1 h] pyramids & temples1 cumbr\s & inelegant1 b impos+ f _! va/ness & _! gloom1 express ! ideal ( ,s5se or ,matt]--elevat$ & purifi$ inde$1 & ne>ly approa*+ ! ,intellectual1 b ,mat]ial /ill2 we ?9k ( !m z ( natural sc5]y1 9 association ) caves or m\nta9s1 or va/ p]iods ( "t2 _! voice is z ! voice ( ! sea1 or z t ( '_m peoples1' %\t+ 9 unison3--,b ! ,sculpture ( ,greece is ! voice ( ,intellect & ,?\ght1 commun+ ) itself 9 solitude1 fe$+ on beauty & ye>n+ aft] tru?3--,:ile ! ,pa9t+ ( ,*ri/5dom--7& we mu/ rememb] t ! glories ( ,*ri/ianity1 9 ! full ext5t ( ! t]m1 are yet to come7--is t ( an immortal ,_s1 conv]s+ ) its ,god4 ,& z if to m>k m =cibly ! fact ( cont9u\s progress t[>ds p]fection1 x is obs]vable t al?\gh ea* ( ! ?ree arts peculi>ly reflects & *>act]izes "o ( ! ?ree epo*s1 ea* art ( lat] gr[? has be5 prec$$ 9 its rise1 progress1 & decl9e1 by an antec$5t correspond5t developm5t ( its eld] si/] or si/]s--,sculpture1 9 ,greece1 by t ( ,ar*itecture--,pa9t+1 9 ,europe1 by t ( ,ar*itecture & ,sculpture4 ,if ,sculpture & ,pa9t+ /& by ! side ( ,ar*itecture 9 ,egypt1 if ,pa9t+ by t ( ,ar*itecture & ,sculpture 9 ,greece1 x is z y\ng] si/]s1 girli% & un=m$4 ,9 ,europe alone are ! ?ree f\nd l9k$ toge!r1 9 equal /ature & p]fection4--,vol4 i1 pp4 xii4--xiv4 99 99 99 #bh4 ,! read] mu/1 we ?9k1 at once p]ceive ! bold fallacy ( ?is =c$ analogy--! comp>ison ( ! ar*itecture ( "o nation ) ! sculpture ( ano!r1 & ! pa9t+ ( a ?ird1 & ! assumption z a pro( ( diff]5ce 9 moral "*1 ( *anges necess>ily wr\ght1 always 9 ! same ord]1 by ! advance ( m]e me*anical exp]i5ce4 ,ar*itecture mu/ prec$e sculpture1 n because s5se prec$es intellect1 b because m5 mu/ build h\ses be=e !y adorn *amb]s1 & raise %r9es be=e !y inaugurate idols2 & sculpture mu/ prec$e pa9t+1 because m5 mu/ le>n =ms 9 ! solid be=e !y c project !m on a flat surface1 & mu/ le>n to conceive designs 9 light & %ade be=e !y c conceive !m 9 color1 & mu/ le>n to treat subjects "u positive color & 9 n>r[ gr\ps1 be=e !y c treat !m "u atmosph]ic effect & 9 rec$+ masses1 & all ^! are m]e necessities ( practice1 & h no m connection ) any divisions ( ! human m9d ?an ! equally p>am\nt necessities t m5 mu/ ga!r /ones be=e !y build walls1 or gr9d corn be=e !y bake bread4 ,& t ea* foll[+ nation %\ld take up ei!r ! same art at an advanc$ /age1 or an art altoge!r m difficult1 is no?+ b ! necess>y consequ5ce ( its subsequ5t elevation & civilization4 ,:atev] nation _h succe$$ ,egypt 9 p[] & k1 aft] hav+ _h communication ) h]1 mu/ necess>ily h tak5 up art at ! po9t :]e ,egypt left x--9 its turn deliv]+ ! ga!r$ globe ( heav5ly sn[ to ! y\?ful en]gy ( ! nation next at h&1 ) an exhau/$ a v\s le de6 ,9 ord] to arrive at any useful or true e/imate ( ! respective rank ( ea* p 9 ! scale ( m9d1 ! ar*itecture ( ea* mu/ be comp>$ ) ! ar*itecture ( ! o!r--sculpture ) sculpture--l9e ) l9e2 & to h done ?is broadly & ) a surface glance1 w\ld h set our au?or's !ory on firm] f\ndation1 to outw>d aspect1 ?an x n[ re/s ^u4 ,_h he comp>$ ! accumulation ( ! pyramid ) ! proportion ( ! p]i/yle1 & !n ) ! aspiration ( ! spire2 _h he set ! colossal horror ( ! ,sph9x beside ! ,phidian ,m9]va1 & ?is beside ! ,pieta ( ,m4 ,angelo2 _h he l$ u f b5ea? ! iridesc5t capitals ( ,d5d]ah1 by ! conte/$ l9e ( ,apelles1 to ! hues & ! heav5 ( ,p]ug9o or ,bell9i1 we might h be5 tempt$ to assoilzie f all /ay+ ( "q or /roke ( p>tisan ! invuln]able aspect ( 8 gho/ly !ory2 b1 if1 ) ev5 p>tial reg>d to "s ( ! circum/ances :i* physically limit$ ! atta9m5ts ( ea* race1 we foll[ _! individual c>e]1 we %all f9d ! po9ts ( sup]iority less sali5t & ! connection betwe5 he>t & h& m emb>rass$4 #bi4 ,yet let u n be misund]/ood3--! great gulf betwe5 ,*ri/ian & ,pagan art we _c bridge--nor d we wi% to weak5 "o s+le s5t5ce :]e9 its bread? or dep? is ass]t$ by our au?or4 ,! sep>ation is n gradual1 b in/ant & f9al--! diff]5ce n ( degree1 b ( condition2 x is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! dead vapors ris+ f a /agnant pool1 & ! same vapors t\*$ by a tor*4 ,b we w\ld brace ! weakness :i* ,"l ,l9dsay has admitt$ 9 8 own ass]tion ( ?is great inflam+ in/ant by confus+ its fire ) ! m]e phosphoresc5ce ( ! m>%1 & expla9+ z a successive developm5t ( ! sev]al human faculties1 :at 0 inde$ ! be>+ ( !m all at once1 ov] a ?re%old /rew$ ) ! fragm5ts ( _! idols1 into ! temple ( ! ,"o ,god4 ,we %all !re=e1 z fully z our space admits1 exam9e ! application ( our au?or's !ory to ,ar*itecture1 ,sculpture1 & ,pa9t+1 successively1 sett+ be=e ! read] "s ( ! m int]e/+ passages :i* respect ea* art1 :ile we at ! same "t m>k ) :at degree ( caution _! conclusions are1 9 our judgm5t1 to be receiv$4 #cj4 ,accept+ ,"l ,l9dsay's fir/ ref]5ce to ,egypt1 let u glance at a few ( ! physical accid5ts :i* influ5c$ its types ( ar*itecture4 ,! fir/ ( ^! is evid5tly ! capability ( c>riage ( l>ge blocks ( /one ov] p]fectly level l&4 ,x 0 possible to roll to _! de/9ation along t un9t]rupt$ pla91 blocks :i* c\ld nei!r by ! ,greek h be5 %ipp$ 9 seawor?y vessels1 nor c>ri$ ov] m\nta9-passes1 nor rais$ except by extraord9>y ef=t to ! height ( ! rock-built =tress or seaw>d promontory4 ,a small undulation ( surface1 or emb>rassm5t ( road1 makes l>ge diff]5ce 9 ! portability ( masses1 & ( consequ5ce1 9 ! bread? ( ! possible int]columniation1 ! solidity ( ! column1 & ! :ole scale ( ! build+4 ,aga91 9 a hill-c\ntry1 ar*itecture c be important only by position1 9 a level c\ntry only by bulk4 ,"u ! ov]:elm+ mass ( m\nta9-=m x is va9 to attempt ! expression ( maje/y by size ( edifice--! humble/ ar*itecture may become important by avail+ itself ( ! p[] ( nature1 b ! mightie/ mu/ be cru%$ 9 emulat+ x3 ! wat*-t[]s ( ,amalfi are m maje/ic ?an ! ,sup]ga ( ,pi$mont2 ,/4 ,pet]'s w\ld look l a toy if built b5ea? ! ,alp9e cliffs1 :i* yet v\*safe "s communication ( _! own solemnity to ! smalle/ *alet t glitt]s among _! glades ( p9e4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a small build+ is 9 a level c\ntry lo/1 & ! impressiv5ess ( bulk proportionably increas$2 h5ce ! in/9ct ( nations has always l$ !m to ! l(tie/ ef=ts :]e ! masses ( _! labor might be se5 loom+ at incalculable di/ance above ! op5 l9e ( ! horizon--h5ce rose h] f\r squ>e m\nta9s above ! flat ( ,memphis1 :ile ! ,greek pi]c$ ! recesses ( ,phigaleia ) ranges ( columns1 or cr[n$ ! sea-cliffs ( ,sunium ) a s+le p$im5t1 bright1 b n colossal4 #ca4 ,! d]ivation ( ! ,greek types ( =m f ! =e/-hut is too direct to escape obs]vation2 b suffici5t att5tion has n be5 paid to ! simil> petrifaction1 by o!r nations1 ( ! rude =ms & mat]ials adopt$ 9 ! ha/e ( e>ly settlem5t1 or consecrat$ by ! purity ( rural life4 ,! :ole sy/em ( ,swiss & ,g]man ,go?ic has ?us be5 mo/ *>act]i/ically affect$ by ! /ructure ( ! int]sect+ timb]s at ! angles ( ! *alet4 ,?is 0 9 "s cases directly & )\t v>iation imitat$ 9 /one1 z 9 ! pi]s ( ! old bridge at ,a>burg2 & ! practice obta9$--p>tially 9 ! ,g]man aft]-,go?ic--univ]sally1 or ne>ly s1 9 ,switz]l&--( caus+ mold+s :i* met at an angle to appe> to int]p5etrate ea* o!r1 bo? be+ truncat$ imm$iately beyond ! po9t ( int]section4 ,! pa9fulness ( ?is ill-judg$ adaptation 0 conqu]$ by association--! eye became famili>iz$ to unc\? =ms ( trac]y--& a /iffness & meag]ness1 z ( ca/-iron1 result$ 9 ! mold+s ( mu* ( ! ecclesia/ical1 & all ! dome/ic ,go?ic ( c5tral ,europe2 ! mold+s ( casem5ts int]sect+ s z to =m a small holl[ squ>e at ! angles1 & ! practice be+ fur!r c>ri$ out into all modes ( decoration--p9nacles int]p5etrat+ crockets1 z 9 a peculi>ly bold design ( ar*way at ,besancon4 ,! influ5ce at ,v5ice has be5 less imm$iate & m =tunate2 x is ) peculi> grace t ! maje/ic =m ( ! ducal palace rem9ds u ( ! ye>s ( fe> & endurance :5 ! exiles ( ! ,prima ,v5etia settl$ l home-less birds on ! sea-s&1 & t its quadrangul> range ( m>ble wall & pa9t$ *amb]1 rais$ ^u multipli$ columns ( confus$ arcade1#f pres5ts b ! exalt$ image ( ! fir/ pile-support$ hut t rose above ! rippl+ ( ! lagoons4 #cb4 ,9 ! *apt] on ! ,influ5ce ( ,habit & ,religion1 ( ,mr4 ,hope's ,hi/orical ,essay1#g ! read] w f9d fur!r in/ances ( ! same feel+1 &1 be>+ imm$iately on our pres5t purpose1 a cle> acc\nt ( ! d]ivation ( ! ,egyptian temple f ! excavat$ cav]n2 b ! po9t to :i* 9 all ^! cases we w\ld direct especial att5tion1 is1 t ! fir/ p]ception ( ! great laws ( ar*itectural proportion is dep5d5t = its acut5ess less on ! ae/hetic in/9ct ( ea* nation ?an on ! me*anical conditions ( /ability & natural limitations ( size 9 ! prim>y type1 :e!r hut1 *alet1 or t5t4 ,z by ! con/ant rem9isc5ce ( ! natural proportions ( 8 fir/ =e/-dwell+1 ! ,greek w\ld be re/ra9$ f all inord9ate exagg]ation ( size--! ,egyptian 0 f ! fir/ left )\t h9t ( any sy/em ( proportion1 :e!r con/ructive1 or ( visible p>ts4 ,! cav]n--its level ro( support$ by amorph\s pi]s--might be ext5d$ indef9itely into ! int]ior ( ! hills1 & its out] facade cont9u$ almo/ )\t t]m along _! flanks--! solid mass ( cliff above =m+ "o gigantic entablature1 pois$ ^u props in/ead ( columns4 ,h5ce ! pr$isposition to attempt 9 ! built temple ! expression ( inf9ite ext5t1 & to heap ! pond]\s ar*itrave above ! proportionless pi]4 #cc4 ,! less direct influ5ces ( ext]nal nature 9 ! two c\ntries 7 /ill m oppos$4 ,! s5se ( beauty1 :i* among ! ,greek p59sulas 0 fo/]$ by beat+ ( sea & ru% ( riv]1 by wav+ ( =e/ & pass+ ( cl\d1 by undulation ( hill & poise ( precipice1 lay dormant b5ea? ! %ad[less sky & on ! objectless pla9 ( ! ,egyptians2 no s++ w9ds nor %ak+ leaves nor glid+ %ad[s gave life to ! l9e ( _! b>r5 m\nta9s--no ,goddess ( ,beauty rose f ! pac+ ( _! sil5t & foamless ,nile4 ,"o cont9ual p]ception ( /ability1 or *angeless revolution1 weigh$ ^u _! he>ts--_! life dep5d$ on no casual alt]nation ( cold & heat--( dr\ght & %[]2 _! gift-,gods 7 ! ris5 ,riv] & ! et]nal ,sun1 & ! types ( ^! 7 =ev] consecrat$ 9 ! lotus decoration ( ! temple & ! w$ge ( ! endur+ ,pyramid4 ,add to ^! influ5ces1 purely physical1 ^? dep5d5t on ! sup]/itions & political con/itution2 ( ! ov]fl[+ multitude ( popul\s ,no2 on _! condition ( prolong$ peace--_! simple habits ( life--_! respect = ! dead--_! sep>ation by incommunicable privilege & inh]it$ occupation--& x w be evid5t to ! read] t ,"l ,l9dsay's broad ass]tion ( ! expression ( ! ,ideal ( ,s5se or ,matt] by _! univ]sal /yle1 mu/ be receiv$ ) sev]e modification1 & is inde$ ?us f> only true1 t ! mass ( ,life support$ ^u t fruitful pla9 c\ld1 :5 sway$ by a despotic rul] 9 any giv5 direction1 accompli% by m]e weight & numb] :at to o!r nations _h be5 impossible1 & be/[ a pre-em95ce1 ow$ to m]e bulk & evid5ce ( labor1 ^u public works :i* among ! ,greek republics c\ld be r5d]$ admirable only by ! intellig5ce ( _! design4 #cd4 ,let u1 = ! pres5t omitt+ consid]ation ( ! debasem5t ( ! ,greek types :i* took place :5 _! cycle ( a*ievem5t _h be5 fulfill$1 pass to ! g]m9ation ( ,*ri/ian ar*itecture1 out ( "o ( ! lea/ important elem5ts ( ^? fall5 =ms--"o :i*1 less ?an ! lea/ ( all se$s1 has ris5 into ! fair bran*+ /ature "u ^: %ad[ we /ill dwell4 ,! pr9cipal *>act]i/ics ( ! new ar*itecture1 z exhibit$ 9 ! ,lomb>d ca!dral1 are well sket*$ by ,"l ,l9dsay3-- 99 99 99 ,! ?ree mo/ prom95t features1 ! ea/]n aspect ( ! sanctu>y1 ! cruci=m plan1 & ! so>+ octagonal cupola1 are borr[$ f ,byzantium--! latt] 9 an improv$ =m--! cross ) a diff]5ce--! nave1 or arm opposite ! sanctu>y1 be+ l5g!n$ s z to resemble ! suppos$ %ape ( ! actual in/rum5t ( suff]+1 & =m :at is n[ di/9ctively call$ ! ,lat9 ,cross4 ,! crypt & absis1 or tribune1 are reta9$ f ! ,romi% basilica1 b ! absis is g5]ally pi]c$ ) w9d[s1 & ! crypt is mu* l(ti] & m spaci\s1 assum+ almo/ ! appe>ance ( a subt]ranean *ur*4 ,! columns ( ! nave1 no long] isolat$1 are clu/]$ s z to =m comp\nd pi]s1 massive & heavy--_! capitals ei!r a rude imitation ( ! ,cor9?ian1 or1 especially 9 ! e>li] /ructures1 sculptur$ ) grotesque imag]y4 ,tri=ia1 or gall]ies = wom51 frequ5tly l9e ! nave & transepts4 ,! ro( is ( /one1 & vault$4 ,! n>!x1 or portico1 = exclud$ p5it5ts1 common alike to ! ,greek & ,roman *ur*es1 & 9 !m cont9u$ along ! :ole facade ( entrance1 is disp5s$ ) altoge!r 9 ! olde/ ,lomb>d ones1 & :5 aft]w>ds resum$1 9 ! elev5? c5tury1 0 re/rict$ to :at we %\ld n[ call ,por*es1 ov] ea* door1 consi/+ g5]ally ( little m ?an a canopy op5 at ! sides1 & support$ by sl5d] pill>s1 re/+ on sculptur$ mon/]s4 ,?ree doors admit f ! we/]n front2 ^! are g5]ally cov]$ ) sculpture1 :i* frequ5tly ext5ds 9 belts across ! facade1 & ev5 along ! sides ( ! build+4 ,above ! c5tral door is usually se51 9 ! lat] ,lomb>d *ur*es1 a ,s4 ,ca!r9e's-:eel w9d[4 ,! ro( slants at ! sides1 & ends 9 front sometimes 9 a s+le p$im5t1 sometimes 9 ?ree gables answ]+ to ?ree doors2 :ile1 9 ,lomb>dy at lea/1 hundr$s ( sl5d] pill>s1 ( e =m & device--^? imm$iately adjac5t to ea* o!r frequ5tly int]lac$ 9 ! true lov]'s knot1 & all support+ r\nd or trefoliate ar*es--run along1 9 cont9u\s gall]ies1 "u ! eaves1 z if = ! purpose ( support+ ! ro(--run up ! p$im5t 9 front1 are cont9u$ along ! side-walls & r\nd ! ea/]n absis1 & f9ally engirdle ! cupola4 ,sometimes ! we/]n front is absolutely cov]$ ) ^! gall]ies1 ris+ ti] above ti]4 ,?\gh introduc$ m]ely = ornam5t1 & !re=e on a vici\s pr9ciple1 ^! fairy-l colonnades w9 v mu* on "o's affections4 ,i may add to ^! g5]al features ! occasional & r>e "o1 se5 to peculi> advantage 9 ! ca!dral ( ,cremona1 ( num]\s sl5d] t[]s1 ris+1 l m9>ets1 9 e direction1 9 front & beh9d1 & giv+ ! ea/ end1 specially1 a m>k$ resemblance to ! mosques ( ! ,mahometans4 ,! ,bapti/]y & ! ,campanile1 or bell-t[]1 are 9 !ory inv>iable adjuncts to ! ,lomb>d ca!dral1 al?\gh deta*$ f x4 ,! ,lomb>ds seem to h built !m ) peculi> ze/1 & to h _h a ke5 eye = ! picturesque 9 gr\p+ !m ) ! *ur*es !y belong to4 ,i ne$ sc>cely add t ! r\nd ar* is exclusively employ$ 9 pure ,lomb>d ar*itecture4 ,to translate ?is new /yle into its symbolical language is a pleasurable task4 ,! ?ree doors & ?ree gable ends signify ! ,tr9ity1 ! ,ca!r9e-:eel w9d[ 7if ,i mi/ake n7 ! ,unity1 z conc5trat$ 9 ,*ri/1 ! ,light ( ! ,*ur*1 f ^: ,greek monogram its %ape 0 probably adopt$4 ,! mon/]s t support ! pill>s ( ! por* /& !re z talismans to fright5 away evil spirits4 ,! crypt 7z 9 old] build+s7 signifies ! moral dea? ( man1 ! cross1 ! atonem5t1 ! cupola heav52 & ^! ?ree1 tak5 9 conjunction ) ! l5g!n$ nave1 express1 reconcile1 & give _! due & balanc$ prom95ce to ! lead+ ideas ( ! ,militant & ,triumphant ,*ur*1 respectively embodi$ 9 ! ar*itecture ( ,rome & ,byzantium4 ,add to ?is1 ! symbolism ( ! ,bapti/]y1 & ! ,*ri/ian pilgrimage1 f ! ,font to ! ,door ( ,heav51 is complete1--,vol4 ii41 p4 #h-aa4 99 99 99 #ce4 ,we h by-&-bye an equally compreh5sive sket* ( ! ess5tial *>act]s ( ! ,go?ic ca!dral2 b ?is we ne$ n quote1 z x probably conta9s little t w\ld be new to ! read]4 ,x is succe$$ by ! foll[+ int]pretation ( ! _s ( ! two /yles3-- 99 99 99 ,comp>+1 ap>t f en?usiasm1 ! two /yles ( ,lomb>d & ,po9t$ ,ar*itecture1 !y w /rike y1 ,i ?9k1 z ! expression1 respectively1 ( t alt]nate repose & activity :i* *>act]ize ! ,*ri/ian life1 exhibit$ 9 p]fect h>mony 9 ,*ri/ alone1 :o1 on e>?1 sp5t ,8 night 9 pray] to ,god1 ,8 day 9 do+ good to man--9 heav51 z we "k by ,8 own te/imony1 'worke? hi!rto1' conjo9tly ) ! ,fa!r--=ev]1 at ! same "t1 repos+ on ! inf9ity ( ,8 wisdom & ( ,8 p[]4 ,ea*1 !n1 ( ^! /yles has its peculi> significance1 ea* is p]fect 9 its way4 ,! ,lomb>d ,ar*itecture1 ) its horizontal l9es1 its circul> ar*es & exp&+ cupola1 soo!s & calms "o2 ! ,go?ic1 ) its po9t$ ar*es1 aspir+ vaults & intricate trac]y1 r\ses & excites--& :y8 ,because ! "o symbolizes an inf9ity ( ,re/1 ! o!r ( ,action1 9 ! adoration & s]vice ( ,god4 ,& ?is consid]ation w enable u to advance a /ep f>!r3--,! aim ( ! "o /yle is def9ite1 ( ! o!r indef9ite2 we look up to ! dome ( heav5 & calmly acquiesce 9 ! ab/ract idea ( inf9ity2 b we only realize ! impossibility ( conceiv+ x by ! flight ( imag9ation f /> to />1 f firmam5t to firmam5t4 ,ev5 s ,lomb>d ,ar*itecture atta9$ p]fection1 express$ its idea1 accompli%$ its purpose--b ,go?ic nev]2 ! ,ideal is unapproa*able4--,vol4 ii41 p4 #bc4 99 99 99 #cf4 ,?is idea occurs n only 9 ?is passage3--x is c>ri$ out ?r\gh ! foll[+ *apt]s2--at page #ch1 ! po9t$ ar* associat$ ) ! cupola is spok5 ( z a fop int]rupt+ ! m$itations ( a philosoph]2 at page #fe1 ! e>li] contemplative /yle ( ! ,lomb>ds is spok5 (2 at page #aad1 ,giottesque art is ! expression ( t ,activity ( ! ,imag9ation :i* produc$ ,go?ic ,ar*itecture2 &1 ?r\gh\t1 ! analogy is prettily express$1 & ably support$2 yet x is "o ( ^? aga9/ :i* we mu/ w>n ! read]3 x is altoge!r sup]ficial1 & ext5ds n to ! m9ds ( ^? ^: works x accid5tally1 & we ?9k disputably1 *>act]izes4 ,! transition f ,romanesque 7we pref] us+ ! g5]ic t]m7 to ,go?ic is natural & /raight=w>d1 9 _m po9ts traceable to me*anical & local necessities 7( :i* "o1 ! dang]\s weight ( sn[ on flat ro(s1 has be5 c&idly ackn[l$g$ by our au?or71 & direct$ by ! t5d5cy1 common to humanity 9 all ages1 to pu% e newly-discov]$ means ( delight to its mo/ fanta/ic extreme1 to exhibit e newly-felt p[] 9 its mo/ admirable a*ievem5t1 & to load ) intr9sic decoration =ms ^: ess5tial v>ieties h be5 exhau/$4 ,! ar*1 c>elessly /ruck out by ! ,etruscan1 =c$ by me*anical exp$i5cies on ! unwill+1 un9v5tive ,roman1 rema9$ unfelt by ei!r4 ,! noble =m ( ! app>5t ,vault ( ,heav5--! l9e :i* e /> foll[s 9 its j\rney+1 extricat$ by ! ,*ri/ian ar*itect f ! fosse1 ! aqu$uct1 & ! sud>ium--grew into long succession ( proportion$ colonnade1 & swell$ into ! :ite domes t glitt] above ! pla9 ( ,pisa1 & frett$ *annels ( ,v5ice1 l foam globes at re/4 #cg4 ,b ! _s t 0 9 ^! ,aphrodites ( ! e>? 0 n !n1 nor 9 !m1 to be re/ra9$4 ,colonnade rose ov] colonnade2 ! p$im5t ( ! we/]n front 0 lift$ into a deta*$ & sc5ic wall2 /ory above /ory sprang ! multipli$ ar*es ( ! ,campanile1 & ! ea/]n pyramidal fire-type1 lift$ f its f\ndation1 0 plac$ ^u ! summit4 ,) ! sup]impos$ arcades ( ! pr9cipal front arose ! necessity1 in/antly felt by _! subtle ar*itects1 ( a new proportion 9 ! column2 ! l[] wall inclosure1 necess>ily = ! purposes ( ,*ri/ian wor%ip cont9u\s1 & ne$+ no p]i/yle1 r5d]$ ! l[] columns a m]e facial decoration1 ^: proportions 7 evid5tly no m to be regulat$ by ! laws hi!rto obs]v$ 9 deta*$ colonnades4 ,! column exp&$ into ! %aft1 or into ! huge pila/] ris+ unb&$ f ti] to ti]2 %aft & pila/] 7 associat$ 9 ord]$ gr\ps1 & ! ideas ( s+l5ess & limit$ elevation once atta*$ to !m1 swept away = ev]2 ! /ilt$ & v>i\sly c5t]$ ar* exi/$ already3 ! pure ogive foll[$--:]e fir/ exhibit$ we /ay n to inquire2--f9ally1 & *ief ( all1 ! great me*anical discov]y ( ! resi/ance ( lat]al pressure by ! weight ( ! sup]impos$ flank+ p9nacle4 ,d>+ conc5trations ( pressure ^u n>r[ pi]s 7 ! imm$iate consequ5ce1 & ! recognition ( ! buttress z a feature 9 itself agreeable & susceptible ( decoration4 ,! glori\s art ( pa9t+ on glass add$ its temptations2 ! d>kness ( nor!rn climes bo? r5d]+ ! typical "* ( ,light m deeply felt ?an 9 ,italy1 & necessitat+ its admission 9 l>g] masses2 ! ,italian1 ev5 at ! p]iod ( 8 mo/ exquisite art 9 glass1 reta9+ ! small ,lomb>d w9d[1 ^: exp$i5cy w h>dly be d\bt$ by anyone :o has exp]i5c$ ! transition f ! scor*+ rev]b]ation ( ! :ite-hot m>ble front1 to ! cool dep? ( %ade )91 & ^: beauty w n be soon =gott5 by ^? :o h se5 ! n>r[ lights ( ! ,pisan duomo ann\nce by _! r$d] burn+1 n l transp>5t casem5ts1 b l *>act]s ( fire se>+ ! we/]n wall1 ! decl9e ( day ^u ,capraja4 #ch4 ,"h1 !n1 arose "o great di/9ction betwe5 ,nor!rn & ,transalp9e ,go?ic1 bas$1 be x /ill obs]v$1 on m]e necessities ( climate4 ,:ile ! ar*itect ( ,santa ,m>ia ,novella admitt$ to ! frescoes ( ,ghirl&ajo sc>cely m ( purple lancet light ?an _h be5 %$ by ! morn+ sun ?r\gh ! ve9$ alaba/]s ( ,san ,m9iato2 & look$ to ! ri* blue ( ! qu9quip>tite vault above1 z to ! mosaic ( ! old] con*a1 = conspicu\s aid 9 ! color decoration ( ! :ole2 ! nor!rn build] bur/ ?r\gh ! walls ( 8 apse1 p\r$ ov] ! ea/]n alt> "o unbrok5 blaze1 & lift+ 8 %afts l p9es1 & 8 walls l precipices1 m9i/]$ to _! miracul\s /ability by an inf9ite phalanx ( slop$ buttress & glitt]+ p9nacle4 ,! spire 0 ! natural consummation4 ,int]nally1 ! sublimity ( space 9 ! cupola _h be5 sup]s$$ by ano!r k9d ( inf9ity 9 ! prolongation ( ! nave2 ext]nally1 ! sph]ical surface _h be5 prov$1 by ! futility ( ,arabian ef=ts1 incapable ( decoration2 its maje/y dep5d$ on its simplicity1 & its simplicity & lead+ =ms 7 alike discordant ) ! ri* rigidity ( ! body ( ! build+4 ,! campanile became1 !re=e1 pr9cipal & c5tral2 its pyramidal t]m9ation 0 surr\nd$ at ! base by a gr\p ( p9nacles1 & ! spire itself1 b&$1 or pi]c$ into a]ial trac]y1 cr[n$ ) its la/ en?usia/ic ef=t ! flamelike asc5t ( ! p]fect pile4 #ci4 ,! process ( *ange 0 ?us consi/5t ?r\gh\t1 ?\gh at int]vals accel]at$ by ! sudd5 discov]y ( res\rce1 or inv5tion ( design2 nor1 _h ! /eps be5 less traceable1 d we ?9k ! sugge/iv5ess ( ,repose1 9 ! e>li] /yle1 or ( ,imag9ative ,activity 9 ! latt]1 def9ite or tru/wor?y4 ,we mu* "q :e!r ! ,duomo ( ,v]ona1 ) its advanc$ gu>d ( haughty gryphons--! mail$ pe]s ( ,*>lemagne fr[n+ f its vault$ gate1--t vault itself ribb$ ) v>iegat$ m>bles1 & peopl$ by a cr[d ( mon/]s---! ,evangelical types n ! lea/ /]n or /range2 its /r+c\rses replac$ by flat cut friezes1 combats betwe5 gryphons & *a9-clad palad9s1 /oop+ beh9d _! triangul> %ields & fet*+ sweep+ bl[s ) two-h&l$ swords2 or t ( ,lucca--its fanta/ic columns clasp$ by wri?+ snakes & w+$ dragons1 _! m>ble scales spott$ ) inlaid s]p5t9e1 e available space alive ) troops ( dw>fi% rid]s1 ) spur on heel & hawk 9 hood1 s\nd+ huge trumpets ( *ase1 l ^? ( ! ,swiss ,urus-horn1 & *e]+ h]ds ( gap+ dogs ^u h>ts & h>es1 bo>s & wolves1 e /one sign$ ) its grisly bea/--be "o :it m soo?+ to ! contemplative1 or less excit+ to ! imag9ative faculties1 ?an ! successive ar*8 & vision>y %aft1 & dreamy vault1 & crisp$ foliage1 & colorless /one1 ( our own fair abbeys1 *eck]$ ) sun%9e ?r\gh ! dep? ( anci5t bran*es1 or se5 f> (f1 l cl\ds 9 ! valley1 ris5 out ( ! pause ( its riv]4 #dj4 ,& ) respect to ! m fitful & fanta/ic expression ( ! ,italian ,go?ic1 our au?or is aga9 to be blam$ = 8 loose assumption1 f ! lea/ reflect+ ( prec$+ writ]s1 ( ?is g5]al t]m1 z if ! po9t$ build+s ( ,italy c\ld 9 any wise be arrang$ 9 "o class1 or criticis$ 9 g5]al t]ms4 ,x is true t s f> z ! *ur* int]iors are conc]n$1 ! sy/em is ne>ly univ]sal1 & always bad2 its *>act]i/ic features be+ ar*es ( enorm\s span1 & b&$ foliage capitals divid$ into ?ree fillets1 rude 9 design1 unsugge/ive ( any /ructural connection ) ! column1 & look+ consequ5tly z if !y might be slipp$ up or d[n1 & _h be5 only fa/5$ 9 _! places = ! tempor>y purposes ( a fe/a4 ,b ! ext]iors ( ,italian po9t$ build+s display v>iations ( pr9ciple & transitions ( type q z bold z ei!r ! advance f ! ,romanesque to ! e>lie/ ( _! =ms1 or ! recoil f _! late/ to ! c9que-c5to4 #da4 ,! fir/ & gr&e/ /yle result$ m]ely f ! application ( ! po9t$ ar* to ! frequ5t ,romanesque w9d[1 ! l>ge semicircul> ar* divid$ by ?ree small ones4 ,po9t+ bo? ! sup]ior & inf]ior ar*es1 & add+ to ! grace ( ! l>g] "o by /rik+ ano!r ar* above x ) a m remov$ c5t]1 & plac+ ! v\ssoirs at an acute angle to ! curve1 we h ! truly noble =m ( dome/ic ,go?ic1 :i*--m or less enri*$ by mold+s & adorn$ by p5etration1 m or less op5 ( ! space betwe5 ! includ+ & inf]ior ar*es--0 imm$iately adopt$ 9 almo/ all ! pr\de/ palaces ( ,nor? ,italy--9 ! ,brolettos ( ,como1 ,b]gamo1 ,mod5a1 & ,si5a---9 ! palace ( ! ,scalig]s at ,v]ona--( ! ,gambacorti at ,pisa--( ,paolo ,gu9igi at ,lucca--besides inf]ior build+s innum]able3--nor is !re any =m ( civil ,go?ic except ! ,v5etian1 :i* c be = a mom5t comp>$ ) x 9 simplicity or p[]4 ,! late/ is t mo/ vici\s & b>b>\s /yle ( :i* ! ri*e/ types are ! lat]al por*es & upp] p9nacles ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,como1 & ! :ole ( ! ,c]tosa ( ,pavia3--*>act]iz$ by ! imitative sculpture ( l>ge build+s on a small scale by way ( p9nacles & ni*es2 ! sub/itution ( c&elabra = columns2 & ! cov]+ ( ! surfaces ) sculpture1 (t5 ( classical subject1 9 high relief & d>+ p]spective1 & f9i%$ ) delicacy :i* r w\ld dem& pres]vation 9 a cab9et1 & exhibition "u a l5s1 ?an admit ( exposure to ! wea!r & removal f ! eye1 & :i*1 !re=e1 ar*itecturally consid]$1 is worse ?an valueless1 tell+ m]ely z unseemly r\ghness & ru/ication4 ,b betwe5 ^! two extremes are v>ieties ne>ly c\ntless--"s ( !m bo? /range & bold1 ow+ to ! brilliant color & firm texture ( ! accessible mat]ials1 & ! desire ( ! build]s to cr[d ! greate/ expression ( value into ! smalle/ space4 #db4 ,?us x is 9 ! promontories ( s]p5t9e :i* meet ) _! poli%$ & gloomy gre5 ! sweep ( ! ,gulf ( ,g5oa1 t we f9d ! fir/ cause ( ! peculi> _s ( ! ,tuscan & ,ligurian ,go?ic--c>ri$ out 9 ! ,flor5t9e duomo to ! highe/ pit* ( color$ f9i%--adorn$ 9 ! upp] /ory ( ! ,campanile by a trans=mation1 peculi>ly ri* & exquisite1 ( ! n>r[ly-pi]c$ head+ ( w9d[ already describ$1 into a veil ( trac]y--& aid$ ?r\gh\t by an accompli%$ precision ( design 9 its mold+s :i* we believe to be unique4 ,9 ,/4 ,petronio ( ,bologna1 ano!r & a b>b>\s type occurs2 ! holl[ ni*e ( ,nor!rn ,go?ic wr\ght out ) diamond-%ap$ p5etrations inclos$ 9 squ>es2 at ,b]gamo ano!r1 rem>kable = ! same squ>e p5etrations ( its ri* & d>+ foliation2--:ile at ,monza & ,c>r>a ! squ>e is adopt$ z ! lead+ =m ( decoration on ! we/ fronts1 & a grotesque expression results--b>b>\s /ill2--:i*1 h[ev]1 9 ! latt] duomo is associat$ ) ! arcade ( sl5d] ni*es--! translation ( ! ,romanesque arcade into po9t$ "w1 :i* =ms ! second p]fect ord] ( ,italian ,go?ic1 entirely ecclesia/ical1 & well develop$ 9 ! *ur*es ( ,santa ,cat]9a & ,santa ,m>ia della ,sp9a at ,pisa4 ,! ,v]onese ,go?ic1 di/+ui%$ by ! extreme purity & sev]ity ( its rul+ l9es1 ow+ to ! di/ance ( ! c5t]s ( circles f :i* its cusps are /ruck1 =ms ano!r1 & yet a m noble s*ool--& passes ?r\gh ! ri*] decoration ( ,padua & ,vic5za to ! full magnific5ce ( ! ,v5etian--di/+ui%$ by ! introduction ( ! ogee curve )\t pruri5cy or effem9acy1 & by ! bread? & decision ( mold+s z sev]ely det]m9$ 9 all examples ( ! /yle z ^? ( any "o ( ! ,greek ord]s4 #dc4 ,all ^! gr\ps are sep>at$ by di/9ctions cle> & bold--& _m ( !m by t broade/ ( all di/9ctions :i* lies betwe5 disorganization & consi/5cy--accumulation & adaptation1 exp]im5t & design2--yet to all "o or two pr9ciples are common1 :i* aga9 divide ! :ole s]ies f t ( ! ,transalp9e ,go?ic--& ^: importance ,"l ,l9dsay too lightly passes ov] 9 ! g5]al description1 c\*$ 9 some:at ungraceful t]ms1 ! v]tical pr9ciple snubb$1 z x 71 by ! horizontal4 ,we h already allud$ to ! great s*ool ( color :i* arose 9 ! imm$iate neighborhood ( ! ,g5oa s]p5t9e4 ,! accessibility ( m>ble ?r\gh\t ,nor? ,italy simil>ly modifi$ ! aim ( all design1 by ! admission ( undecorat$ surfaces4 ,a blank space ( free/one wall is always un9t]e/+1 & sometimes (f5sive2 !re is no sugge/ion ( preci\sness 9 its dull color1 & ! /a9s & r5ts ( "t ^u x are d>k1 co>se1 & gloomy4 ,b a m>ble surface receives 9 its age hues ( cont9ually increas+ gl[ & gr&eur2 its /a9s are nev] f\l nor dim2 its undecompos+ surface pres]ves a s(t1 fruit-l poli% =ev]1 sl[ly flu%$ by ! matur+ suns ( c5turies4 ,h5ce1 :ile 9 ! ,nor!rn ,go?ic ! ef=t ( ! ar*itect 0 always s to diffuse 8 ornam5t z to prev5t ! eye f p]man5tly re/+ on ! blank mat]ial1 ! ,italian fe>lessly left fall[ l>ge fields ( unc>v$ surface1 & conc5trat$ ! labor ( ! *isel on deta*$ portions1 9 :i* ! eye1 be+ r direct$ to !m by _! isolation ?an attract$ by _! sali5ce1 requir$ p]fect f9i% & pure design r ?an =ce ( %ade or bread? ( p>ts2 & fur!r1 ! int5sity ( ,italian sun%9e articulat$ by p]fect gradations1 & def9$ by %>p %ad[s at ! edge1 su* inn] anatomy & m9ut5ess ( outl9e z w\ld h be5 utt]ly va9 & valueless "u ! gloom ( a nor!rn sky2 :ile aga9 ! f95ess ( mat]ial bo? admitt$ (1 & allur$ to1 ! precision ( execution :i* ! climate 0 calculat$ to exhibit4 #dd4 ,all ^! influ5ces work+ toge!r1 & ) !m t ( classical example & tradition1 induc$ a delicacy ( expression1 a slightness ( sali5ce1 a c>efulness ( t\*1 & ref9em5t ( inv5tion1 9 all1 ev5 ! rude/1 ,italian decorations1 utt]ly unrecogniz$ 9 ^? ( ,nor!rn ,go?ic3 :i*1 h[ev] picturesquely adapt$ to _! place & purpose1 dep5d = mo/ ( _! effect ^u bold und]cutt+1 accompli% little beyond graceful emb>rassm5t ( ! eye1 & _c = an in/ant be sep>ately reg>d$ z works ( accompli%$ art4 ,ev5 ! lat] & m imitative examples pr(ess little m ?an picturesque vigor or +5i\s intricacy4 ,! oak leaves & acorns ( ! ,beauvais mold+s are sup]bly wrea!d1 b rigidly repeat$ 9 a con/ant patt]n2 ! /ems are )\t "*1 & ! acorns huge1 /raight1 blunt1 & unsightly4 ,r\nd ! s\!rn door ( ! ,flor5t9e duomo runs a bord] ( fig-leaves1 ea* leaf modulat$ z if dew _h j dri$ f (f x--yet ea* alike1 s z to secure ! ord]$ symmetry ( classical enri*m5t4 ,b ! ,go?ic fullness ( ?\ght is n !re=e left )\t expression2 at ! edge ( ea* leaf is an animal1 fir/ a cicala1 !n a liz>d1 !n a bird1 mo?1 s]p5t1 snail--all diff]5t1 & ea* wr\ght to ! v life--pant+--plumy--wri?+--glitt]+--full ( brea? & p[]4 ,?is h>mony ( classical re/ra9t ) exhau/less fancy1 & ( ar*itectural propriety ) imitative f9i%1 is f\nd ?r\gh\t all ! f9e p]iods ( ! ,italian ,go?ic1 oppos$ to ! wildness )\t inv5tion1 & exub]ance )\t completion1 ( ! ,nor?4 #de4 ,"o o!r di/9ction we mu/ notice1 9 ! treatm5t ( ! ,ni*e & its accessories4 ,9 ,nor!rn ,go?ic ! ni*e frequ5tly consi/s only ( a bracket & canopy--! latt] atta*$ to ! wall1 indep5d5t ( column> support1 pi]c$ into op5work pr(usely ri*1 & (t5 prolong$ upw>ds into a crocket$ p9nacle ( indef9ite height4 ,b 9 ! ni*e ( pure ,italian ,go?ic ! classic pr9ciple ( column> support is nev] lo/ sight (4 ,ev5 :5 its canopy is actually support$ by ! wall beh9d1 x is app>5tly support$ by two columns 9 front1 p]fectly =m$ ) bases & capitals3--7! support ( ! ,nor!rn ni*e--if x h any--commonly takes ! =m ( a buttress73--:5 x appe>s z a deta*$ p9nacle1 x is support$ on f\r columns1 ! canopy trefoliat$ ) v obtuse cusps1 ri*ly *>g$ ) foliage 9 ! foliat+ space1 b undecorat$ at ! cusp po9ts1 & t]m9at+ above 9 a smoo? pyramid1 void ( all ornam5t1 & nev] v acute4 ,?is =m1 modifi$ only by v>i\s gr\p+1 is t ( ! noble sepul*ral monum5ts ( ,v]ona1 ,lucca1 ,pisa1 & ,bologna2 on a small scale x is at ,v5ice associat$ ) ! cupola1 9 ,/4 ,m>k's1 z well z 9 ,santa ,fosca1 & o!r m9or *ur*es4 ,at ,pisa1 9 ! ,sp9a *apel x occurs 9 its mo/ exquisite =m1 ! columns !re be+ *as$ ) *eck] patt]ns ( great elegance4 ,! w9d[s ( ! ,flor5ce ca!dral are all plac$ "u a flat canopy ( ! same =m1 ! columns be+ elongat$1 twi/$1 & enri*$ ) mosaic patt]ns4 ,! read] mu/ at once p]ceive h[ va/ is ! importance ( ! diff]5ce 9 sy/em ) respect to ?is memb]2 ! :ole ( ! ri*1 cav]n\s *i>oscuro ( ,nor!rn ,go?ic be+ dep5d5t on ! accumulation ( its ni*es4 #df4 ,9 pass+ to ! exam9ation ( our ,au?or's !ory z te/$ by ! progress ( ,sculpture1 we are /ill /ruck by 8 utt] want ( att5tion to physical advantages or difficulties4 ,he seems to h =gott5 f ! fir/1 t ! m\nta9s ( ,sy5e are n ! rocks ( ,p>os4 ,nei!r ! social habits nor intellectual p[]s ( ! ,greek _h s mu* %>e 9 induc+ 8 advance 9 ,sculpture beyond ! ,egyptian1 z ! diff]5ce betwe5 m>ble & sy5ite1 porphyry or alaba/]4 ,m>ble n only gave ! p[]1 x actually introduc$ ! ?\ght ( repres5tation or realization ( =m1 z oppos$ to ! m]e sugge/ive ab/raction3 its transluc5cy1 t5d]ness ( surface1 & equality ( t9t tempt+ by utmo/ rew>d to ! f9i% :i* ( all sub/ances x alone admits3--ev5 ivory receiv+ n s delicately1 z alaba/] endures n s firmly1 ! lighte/1 late/ t\*es ( ! complet+ *isel4 ,! f9] feel+ ( ! h& _c be put ^u a h>d rock l sy5ite--! bl[ mu/ be firm & fe>less--! traceless1 tremul\s diff]5ce betwe5 common & immortal sculpture _c be set ^u x--x _c receive ! en*ant$ /rokes :i*1 l ,a>on's inc5se1 sep>ate ! ,liv+ & ! ,dead4 ,7 x o!rwise1 7 f9i% possible1 ! v>iegat$ & lu/r\s surface w\ld n exhibit x to ! eye4 ,! imag9ation itself is blunt$ by ! resi/ance ( ! mat]ial1 & by ! necessity ( absolute pr$et]m9ation ( all x w\ld a*ieve4 ,retraction ( all ?\ght into det]m9$ & simple =ms1 su* z might be fe>lessly wr\ght1 necess>ily rema9$ ! *>act]i/ic ( ! s*ool4 ,! size ( ! edifice induc$ by o!r causes above /at$1 fur!r limit$ ! ef=ts ( ! sculptor4 ,no colossal figure c be m9utely f9i%$2 nor c x easily be conceiv$ except "u an imp]fect =m4 ,x is a repres5tation ( ,impossibility1 & e ef=t at completion adds to ! mon/r\s s5se ( ,impossibility4 ,space w\ld altoge!r fail u 7 we ev5 to "n "o-half ( ! circum/ances :i* influ5ce ! treatm5t ( light & %ade to be se5 at va/ di/ances ^u surfaces ( v>iegat$ or dusky color2 or ( ! necessities by :i*1 9 masses ( huge proportion1 ! m]e laws ( gravity1 & ! difficulty ( cle>+ ! sub/ance out ( va/ holl[s nei!r to be rea*$ nor ent]$1 b9d ! realization ( absolute =m4 ,yet all ^! ,"l ,l9dsay ought rigidly to h exam9$1 be=e v5tur+ to det]m9e any?+ respect+ ! m5tal relations ( ! ,greek & ,egyptian4 ,b ! fact ( 8 ov]look+ ^! inevitabl5esses ( mat]ial is intimately connect$ ) ! wor/ flaw ( 8 !ory--8 idea ( a ,p]fection resultant f a balance ( elem5ts2 a p]fection :i* all exp]i5ce has %[n to be nei!r desirable nor possible4 #dg4 ,8 acc\nt ( ,niccola ,pisano1 ! f\nd] ( ! fir/ great s*ool ( middle age sculpture1 is ?us introduc$3-- 99 99 99 ,niccola's peculi> praise is ?is1--t1 9 practice at lea/1 if n 9 !ory1 he fir/ e/abli%$ ! pr9ciple t ! /udy ( nature1 correct$ by ! ideal ( ! antique1 & animat$ by ! _s ( ,*ri/ianity1 p]sonal & social1 c alone lead to excell5ce 9 art3--ea* ( ! ?ree elem5ts ( human nature--,matt]1 ,m9d1 & ,_s--be+ ?us br\ght into union & co-op]ation 9 ! s]vice ( ,god1 9 due relative h>mony & subord9ation4 ,i _c ov]-e/imate ! importance ( ?is pr9ciple2 x 0 on ?is t1 consci\sly or unconsci\sly1 ,niccola himself work$--x has be5 by foll[+ x t ,donatello & ,ghib]ti1 ,leon>do1 ,raphael1 & ,mi*ael ,angelo h ris5 to glory4 ,! ,si5ese s*ool & ! ,flor5t9e1 m9ds contemplative & dramatic1 are alike behold5 to x = :atev] success has att5d$ _! ef=ts4 ,l a treble-/r&$ rope1 x drags aft] x ! triumphal c> ( ,*ri/ian ,art4 ,b if ei!r ( ! /r&s be brok51 if ei!r ( ! ?ree elem5ts be pursu$ disjo9t$ly f ! o!r two1 ! result is1 9 ea* respective case1 grossness1 p$antry1 or weakness3--! exclusive imitation ( ,nature produces a ,c>avaggio1 a ,rub5s1 a ,rembr&t--t ( ! ,antique1 a ,pellegr9o di ,tibaldo & a ,david2 & ?\gh !re be a native *a/ity & ta/e 9 religion1 :i* re/ra9s ^? :o wor%ip x too ab/ract$ly f ,intellect & ,s5se1 f runn+ into su* extremes1 x _c at lea/ supply t me*anical app>atus :i* w enable !m to so>3--su* devotees mu/ be cont5t to gaze up into heav51 l angels cropt ( _! w+s4--,vol4 ii41 p4 #ajb-c4 99 99 99 #dh4 ,?is is m]e ,bolognese eclecticism 9 o!r t]ms1 & ^? t]ms incorrect4 ,we are amaz$ to f9d a writ] usually ?\ghtful1 if n accurate1 ?us indol5tly adopt+ ! worn-out falsities ( our weake/ writ]s on ,ta/e4 ,does he--c he = an in/ant suppose t ! ruffian ,c>avaggio1 di/+ui%$ only by 8 pref]5ce ( c&lelight & black %ad[s = ! illu/ration & re-en=cem5t ( villa9y1 pa9t$ nature--m]e nature--exclusive nature1 m pa9fully or he>tily ?an ,john ,bell9i or ,raphael8 ,does he n see t :atev] m5 imitate mu/ be nature ( "s k9d1 mat]ial nature or spiritual1 lovely or f\l1 brutal or human1 b nature /ill8 ,does he himself see 9 m]e1 ext]nal1 copyable nature1 no m ?an ,c>avaggio saw1 or 9 ! ,antique no m ?an has be5 compreh5d$ by ,david8 ,! fact is1 t all arti/s are prim>ily divid$ into ! two great gr\ps ( ,imitators & ,sugge/]s--_! fall+ into "o or o!r be+ dep5d5t p>tly on disposition1 & p>tly on ! matt] !y h to subdue--7?us ,p]ug9o imitates l9e by l9e ) p5cil$ gold1 ! hair :i* ,n9o ,pisano c only sugge/ by a gild$ m>ble mass1 bo? hav+ ! w ( repres5tation alike74 ,& ea* ( ^! classes is aga9 divid$ into ! fai?ful & unfai?ful imitators & sugge/]s2 & t is a broad "q ( bl9d eye & h>d he>t1 or see+ eye & s]i\s he>t1 always co-exi/5t2 & !n ! fai?ful imitators & sugge/]s--arti/s prop]1 are appo9t$1 ea* ) 8 peculi> gift & affection1 ov] ! sev]al ord]s & classes ( ?+s natural1 to be by !m illum9$ & set =?4 #di4 ,& t is ,god's do+ & di/ribut+2 & none is ra%ly to be ?\ght inf]ior to ano!r1 z if by 8 own fault2 nor any ( !m /imulat$ to emulation1 & *ang+ places ) o!rs1 al?\gh _! allott$ tasks be ( diff]5t dignities1 & _! grant$ in/rum5ts ( diff]5t ke5ness2 = 9 none ( !m c !re be a p]fection or balance ( all human attributes2--! great colori/ becomes gradually ins5sible to ! ref9em5ts ( =m :i* he at fir/ int5tionally omitt$2 ! ma/] ( l9e is inevitably dead to _m ( ! delights ( color2 ! /udy ( ! true or ideal human =m is inconsi/5t ) ! love ( its mo/ spiritual expressions4 ,to "o x is intru/$ to record ! hi/orical realities ( 8 age2 9 him ! p]ception ( "* is subtle1 & t ( ab/ract beauty 9 measure dim9i%$2 to ano!r1 remov$ to ! des]t1 or inclos$ 9 ! cloi/]1 is giv51 n ! not+ ( ?+s transi5t1 b ! reveal+ ( ?+s et]nal4 ,ghirl&ajo & ,titian pa9t$ m51 b c\ld n angels2 ,duccio & ,angelico pa9t$ ,sa9ts1 b c\ld n s5ators4 ,"o is ord]$ to copy mat]ial =m lov+ly & sl[ly--8 ! f9e f+] & pati5t w3 to ano!r are s5t visions & dreams ^u ! b$--8 ! h& fe>ful & swift1 & impulse ( passion irregul> & wild4 ,we may h occasion fur!r to insi/ ^u ?is great pr9ciple ( ! incommunicabl5ess & s+l5ess ( all ! highe/ p[]s2 b we ass]t x "h especially1 9 opposition to ! idea1 already s fatal to art1 t ei!r ! aim ( ! antique may take place toge!r ) ! purposes1 or its traditions become elevatory ( ! p[]1 ( ,*ri/ian art2 or t ! glories ( ,giotto & ! ,si5ese are 9 any wise traceable ?r\gh ,niccola ,pisano to ! v5]able relics ( ! ,campo ,santo4 #ej4 ,"l ,l9dsay's /atem5t1 z f> z x reg>ds ,niccola himself1 is true4 99 99 99 ,8 improvem5t 9 ,sculpture is attributable1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 to ! /udy ( an anci5t s>cophagus1 br\ght f ,greece by ! %ips ( ,pisa 9 ! elev5? c5tury1 & :i*1 aft] hav+ /ood beside ! door ( ! ,duomo = _m c5turies z ! tomb ( ! ,c\ntess ,beatrice1 "m ( ! celebrat$ ,matilda1 has be5 rec5tly remov$ to ! ,campo ,santo4 ,! front is sculptur$ 9 bas-relief1 9 two comp>tm5ts1 ! "o repres5t+ ,hippolytus reject+ ! suit ( ,pha$ra1 ! o!r 8 dep>ture = ! *ase3--su* at lea/ is ! mo/ plausible int]pretation4 ,! sculpture1 if n sup]-excell5t1 is sub/antially good1 & ! b5efit d]iv$ f x by ,niccola is p]ceptible on ! slighte/ exam9ation ( 8 works4 ,o!r rema9s ( antiquity are pres]v$ at ,pisa1 :i* he may h also /udi$1 b ?is 0 ! classic well f :i* he drew ^? wat]s :i* became w9e :5 p\r$ into ! hall[+ *alice ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,i ne$ sc>cely add t ! m]e pres5ce ( su* models w\ld h avail$ little1 _h n nature end[$ him ) ! quick eye & ! intuitive appreh5sion ( g5ius1 toge!r ) a purity ( ta/e :i* taught him h[ to select1 h[ to modify & h[ to re9spire ! g]ms ( excell5ce ?us pres5t$ to him4--,vol4 ii41 pp4 #ajd1 #aje4 99 99 99 #ea4 ,b :atev] *>act]s peculi>ly classical 7 impress$ ^u ,niccola by ?is /udy1 di$ out gradually among 8 s*ol>s2 & 9 ,orcagna ! ,byzant9e mann] f9ally triumph$1 lead+ ! way to ! purely ,*ri/ian sculpture ( ! s*ool ( ,fiesole1 9 its turn swept away by ! return+ wave ( classicalism4 ,! sculpture ( ,orcagna1 ,giotto1 & ,m9o da ,fiesole1 w\ld h be5 :at x 01 if ,niccola _h be5 buri$ 9 8 s>cophagus2 & ?is is suffici5tly prov$ by ,giotto's rema9+ entirely un9flu5c$ by ! educat$ excell5ce ( ,&rea ,pisano1 :ile he gradually b5t ! ,pisan d[n to 8 own uncompromis+ simplicity4 ,if1 z ,"l ,l9dsay ass]ts1 ,giotto _h le>n$ f ! works ( ,niccola ! gr& pr9ciple ( ,*ri/ian art1 ! sculptures ( ! ,campanile ( ,flor5ce w\ld n n[ h /ood =? 9 contra/$ awfulness ( simplicity1 beside ^? ( ! s\? door ( ! ,bapti/]y4 99 99 99 #eb4 ,&rea's m]it 0 inde$ v great2 8 works1 comp>$ ) ^? ( ,giovanni & ,niccola ,pisano1 exhibit a progress 9 design1 grace1 composition & me*anical execution1 at fir/ sight unacc\ntable--a *asm yawns betwe5 !m1 deep & broad1 ov] :i* ! y\ng] arti/ seems to h leapt at a b\nd1--! /ream t sank into ! e>? at ,pisa em]ges a riv] at ,flor5ce4 ,! solution ( ! my/]y lies 9 ! peculi> pla/icity ( ,&rea's g5ius1 & ! asc5d5cy acquir$ ov] x by ,giotto1 al?\gh a y\ng] man1 f ! fir/ mom5t !y came into contact4 ,giotto _h le>nt f ! works ( ,niccola ! gr& pr9ciple ( ,*ri/ian art1 imp]fectly appreh5d$ by ,giovanni & 8 o!r pupils1 & by foll[+ up :i* he _h 9 ! natural c\rse ( ?+s improv$ ^u 8 prototype4 ,he n[ repaid to ,sculpture1 9 ! p]son ( ,&rea1 ! sum ( improvem5t 9 :i* he /ood h] debtor 9 t ( ,niccola3--s f>1 t is to say1 z ! treasury ( ,&rea's m9d 0 capable ( tak+ x 91 = x w\ld be an error to suppose t ,&rea pr(it$ by ,giotto 9 ! same indep5d5t mann] or degree t ,giotto pr(it$ by ,niccola4 ,&rea's 0 n a m9d ( /rong individuality2 he became completely ,giottesque 9 ?\ght & /yle1 & z ,giotto & he cont9u$ intimate fri5ds ?r\gh life1 ! impression nev] wore (f3--mo/ =tunate1 inde$1 t x 0 s1 = ! welf>e ( ,sculpture 9 g5]al1 & = t ( ! build+s 9 decorat+ :i* ! fri5ds work$ 9 conc]t4 ,happily1 ,&rea's mo/ important "w1 ! bronze door ( ! ,bapti/]y1 /ill exi/s1 & ) e prospect ( pres]vation4 ,x is adorn$ ) bas-reliefs f ! hi/ory ( ,s4 ,john1 ) allegorical figures ( virtues & heads ( prophets1 all mo/ beautiful1--! hi/orical compositions di/+ui%$ by simplicity & purity ( feel+ & design1 ! allegorical virtues p]haps /ill m expressive1 & full ( poetry 9 _! symbols & attitudes2 ! :ole s]ies is execut$ ) a delicacy ( workman%ip till !n unkn[n 9 bronze1 a precision yet s(tness ( t\* resembl+ t ( a skillful p]=m] on ! pian(orte4 ,&rea 0 occupi$ ^u x = n9e ye>s1 f #accj to #acci1 & :5 f9i%$1 fix$ 9 its place1 & expos$ to view1 ! public en?usiasm exce$$ all b\nds2 ! ,signoria1 ) unexampl$ condesc5sion1 visit$ x 9 /ate1 accompani$ by ! ambassadors ( ,naples & ,sicily1 & be/[$ on ! =tunate arti/ ! honor & privilege ( citiz5%ip1 seldom accord$ to =eign]s unless ( l(ty rank or exalt$ m]it4 ,! door rema9$ 9 its orig9al position--fac+ ! ,ca!dral--till sup]s$$ 9 t po/ ( honor by ! ',gate ( ,p>adise1' ca/ by ,ghib]ti4 ,x 0 !n transf]r$ to ! ,s\!rn entrance ( ! ,bapti/]y1 fac+ ! ,mis]icordia4--,vol4 ii41 pp4 #abe-abh4 99 99 99 #ec4 ,a few pages f>!r on1 ! "q ( ,giotto's claim to ! au?or%ip ( ! designs = ?is door is discuss$ at l5g?1 &1 to ! annihilation ( ! honor "h attribut$ to ,&rea1 det]m9$ affirmatively1 p>tly on ! te/imony ( ,vas>i1 p>tly on int]nal evid5ce--^! designs be+ ass]t$ by our au?or to be ?or\ghly ,giottesque4 ,b1 n to dwell on ,"l ,l9dsay's inconsi/5cy1 9 ! ultimate decision 8 discrim9ation seems to u utt]ly at fault4 ,giotto has1 we conceive1 suff]$ q en\gh 9 ! abduction ( ! "w 9 ! ,campo ,santo1 :i* 0 wor?y ( him1 )\t be+ made answ]able = ^! designs ( ,&rea4 ,t he gave a r\gh draft ( _m ( !m1 is conceivable2 b if ev5 he did ?is1 ,&rea has add$ cad5zas ( drap]y1 & o!r s*ol>ly commonplace1 z a bad s+] puts ornam5t into an air4 ,x 0 n ( su* tea*+ t came ! ,jabal ( ,giotto4 ,sitt+ at 8 t5t door1 he )draws its rude drap]y ) "o h&3 ?ree %eep only are fe$+ be=e him1 ! wat*dog sitt+ beside !m2 b he looks =? l a ,de/9y1 behold+ ! ru9$ cities ( ! e>? become places1 l ! valley ( ,a*or1 = h]ds to lie d[n 94 #ed4 ,we h n space to foll[ our au?or ?r\gh 8 v int]e/+ inve/igation ( ! comp>atively unkn[n s*ools ( ,teutonic sculpture4 ,) "o beautiful anecdote1 brea?+ ! :ole _s ( ! "t--! m+l+ ( deep piety ) ! mode/1 manly pride ( art--our read]s mu/ be indulg$3-- 99 99 99 ,! ,flor5t9e ,ghib]ti gives a mo/ int]e/+ acc\nt ( a sculptor ( ,cologne 9 ! employm5t ( ,*>les ( ,anj\1 ,k+ ( ,naples1 ^: skill he p>allels ) t ( ! /atu>ies ( anci5t ,greece2 8 heads1 he says1 & 8 design ( ! nak$1 7 'm>avigliosam5te b5e1' 8 /yle full ( grace1 8 sole defect ! some:at curtail$ /ature ( 8 figures4 ,he 0 no less excell5t 9 m9ut] works z a goldsmi?1 & 9 t capacity _h work$ = 8 patron a 'tavola d'oro1' a tablet or scre5 7app>5tly7 ( gold1 ) 8 utmo/ c>e & skill2 x 0 a "w ( exce$+ beauty--b 9 "s political exig5cy 8 patron want$ money1 & x 0 brok5 up be=e 8 eyes4 ,see+ 8 labor va9 & ! pride ( 8 he>t rebuk$1 he ?rew himself on ! gr\nd1 & uplift+ 8 eyes & h&s to heav51 pray$ 9 contrition1 ',"l ,god ,almighty1 ,gov]nor & dispos] ( heav5 & e>?6 ,?\ ha/ op5$ m9e eyes t ,i foll[ f h5ce=? none o!r ?an ,!e--,h m]cy ^u me6'--,he =?) gave all he _h to ! poor = ! love ( ,god1 & w5t up into a m\nta9 :]e !re 0 a great h]mitage1 & dwelt !re ! re/ ( 8 days 9 p5it5ce & sanctity1 surviv+ d[n to ! days ( ,pope ,m>t91 :o reign$ f #abha to #abhd4 ',c]ta9 y\?s1' adds ,ghib]ti1 ':o s\ght to be skill$ 9 /atu>y1 told me h[ he 0 v]s$ bo? 9 pa9t+ & sculpture1 & h[ he _h pa9t$ 9 ! ,romitorio :]e he liv$2 he 0 an excell5t draughtsman & v c\rte\s4 ,:5 ! y\?s :o wi%$ to improve visit$ him1 he receiv$ !m ) mu* humility1 giv+ !m le>n$ in/ructions1 %[+ !m v>i\s proportions1 & draw+ = !m _m examples1 = he 0 mo/ accompli%$ 9 8 art4 ,& ?us1' he concludes1 ') great humility1 he end$ 8 days 9 t h]mitage4'--,vol4 iii41 pp4 #beg-bei4 99 99 99 #ee4 ,we c\ld h wi%$ t ,"l ,l9dsay _h fur!r insi/$ on :at w be f\nd to be a *>act]i/ic ( all ! truly ,*ri/ian or spiritual1 z oppos$ to classical1 s*ools ( sculpture--! sc5ic or pa9t]-l managem5t ( effect4 ,! m>ble is n cut into ! actual =m ( ! ?+ imag$1 b (t5] into a p]spective sugge/ion ( x--! bas-reliefs sometimes almo/ entirely "u cut1 & %>p$g$1 s z to come cle> (f a d>k gr\nd ( %ad[2 ev5 heads ! size ( life be+ 9 ?is way r %ad[$ out ?an c>v$ out1 z ! ,madonna ( ,b5$etto de ,majano 9 ,santa ,m>ia ,novella1 "o ( ! *eeks be+ advanc$ half an in* out ( its prop] place--& (t5 ! mo/ audaci\s violations ( proportion admitt$1 z 9 ! limbs ( ,mi*ael ,angelo's sitt+ ,madonna 9 ! ,uffizii2 all artifices1 also1 ( deep & %>p cutt+ be+ all[$1 to ga9 ! %ad[y & spectral expressions ab\t ! br[ & lip :i* ! m]e actualities ( =m c\ld n h convey$2--! sculptor nev] foll[+ a mat]ial model1 b feel+ aft] ! mo/ mom5t>y & subtle aspects ( ! c\nt5ance--/rik+ ^! out sometimes sudd5ly1 by rude *isel+1 & /opp+ ! in/ant !y are atta9$--nev] risk+ ! loss ( ?\ght by ! f9i%+ ( fle% surface4 ,! heads ( ! ,m$ici sacri/y we believe to h be5 ?us left unf9i%$1 z hav+ already ! utmo/ expression :i* ! m>ble c\ld receive1 & incapable ( any?+ b loss f fur!r t\*es4 ,s ) ,m9o da ,fiesole & ,jacopo della ,qu]cia1 ! workman%ip is (t5 h>d1 sket*y1 & angul>1 hav+ its full effect only at a little di/ance2 b at t di/ance ! /atue becomes ineffably alive1 ev5 to />tl+1 be>+ an aspect ( *ange & unc]ta9ty1 z if x 7 ab\t to vani%1 & )al hav+ a light1 & sweetness1 & inc5se ( passion ^u x t sil5ces ! look]-on1 half 9 delight1 half 9 expectation4 ,?is d>+ /roke--?is transfigur+ t5d]ness--may be %[n to *>act]ize all truly ,*ri/ian sculpture1 z comp>$ ) ! antique1 or ! pseudo-classical ( subsequ5t p]iods4 ,we agree ) ,"l ,l9dsay 9 ?9k+ ! ,psy*e ( ,naples ! ne>e/ approa* to ! ,*ri/ian ideal ( all anci5t ef=ts2 b ev5 9 ?is ! approximation is m accid5tal ?an real--a fair type ( feature1 fur!r exalt$ by ! mode 9 :i* ! imag9ation supplies ! lo/ upp] folds ( ! hair4 ,! f\nta9 ( life & emotion rema9s seal$2 nor 0 ! op5+ ( t f\nta9 due to any /udy ( ! f> less pure examples accessible by ! ,pisan sculptors4 ,! s\nd ( its wat]s _h be5 he>d long be=e 9 ! aisles ( ! ,lomb>d2 nor 0 x by ,ghib]ti1 /ill less by ,donatello1 t ! b$ ( t ,jordan 0 dug deepe/1 b by ,mi*ael ,angelo 7! la/ heir ( ! ,byzant9e traditions desc5d+ ?r\gh ,orcagna71 op5+ !nce=w>d ?r\gh ?ickets d>k] & m d>k1 & ) waves ev] m s\ndless & sl[1 into ! ,dead ,sea :]e9 its wat]s h be5 /ay$4 #ef4 ,x is "t = u to pass to ! subject :i* occupies ! l>ge/ portion ( ! "w---! ,hi/ory 99 99 99 ( ,pa9t+1 z develop$ contemporane\sly ) h] si/]1 ,sculpture1 & 7l h]7 "u ! %ad[ ( ! ,go?ic ,ar*itecture1 by ,giotto & 8 successors ?r\gh\t ,italy1 by ,m9o1 ,duccio1 & _! s*ol>s at ,si5a1 by ,orcagna & ,fra ,angelico da ,fiesole at ,flor5ce1 & by ! obscure b int]e/+ primitive s*ool ( ,bologna1 dur+ ! f\rte5? & ! e>ly ye>s ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,! p]iod is "o1 comp>atively speak+1 ( repose & tranquillity1--! /orm sleeps & ! w9ds are /ill1 ! curr5ts set 9 "o direction1 & we may sail f isle to isle ov] a sunny sea1 dally+ ) ! "t1 secure ( a cl\dless sky & ( ! greet+s ( innoc5ce & love :]esoev] ! breeze may waft u4 ,!re is 9 tru? a holy purity1 an innoc5t naivete1 a *ildlike grace & simplicity1 a fre%ness1 a fe>lessness1 an utt] fre$om f affectation1 a ye>n+ aft] all ?+s tru?ful1 lovely & ( good report1 9 ! productions ( ?is e>ly "t1 :i* inve/ !m ) a *>m peculi> 9 its k9d1 & :i* few ev5 ( ! mo/ p]fect works ( ! matur] era c boa/ (1--& h5ce ! risk & dang] ( becom+ too passionately atta*$ to !m1 ( los+ ! p[] ( discrim9ation1 ( admir+ & imitat+ _! defects z well z _! beauties1 ( runn+ into affectation 9 seek+ aft] simplicity & into exagg]ation 9 our ef=ts to be 9 e>ne/1--9 a ^w1 ( =gett+ t 9 art z 9 human nature1 x is ! balance1 h>mony1 & co-equal developm5t ( ,s5se1 ,intellect1 & ,_s1 :i* con/itute p]fection4--,vol4 ii41 pp4 #afa-afc4 99 99 99 #eg4 ,to ! ?\s& isl&s1 or h[ _m soev] !y may be1 we %all all[ ourselves to be waft$ ) all will+ness1 b n 9 ,"l ,l9dsay's ?ree-ma/$ vessel1 ) its balanc+ topma/s ( ,s5se1 ,intellect1 & ,_s4 ,we are utt]ly tir$ ( ! triplicity2 & we are mi/ak5 if its application "h be n z inconsi/5t z x is arbitr>y4 ,turn+ back to ! introduction1 :i* we h quot$1 ! read] w f9d t :ile ,ar*itecture is !re tak5 = ! expon5t ( ,s5se1 ,pa9t+ is *os5 z ! peculi> expression ( ,_s4 ,! pa9t+ ( ,*ri/5dom is t ( an immortal _s conv]s+ ) its ,god4 ,b 9 a note to ! fir/ *apt] ( ! second volume1 he w be surpris$ to f9d pa9t+ become a tw9 ( intellect1 & ar*itecture sudd5ly advanc$ f a type ( s5se to a type ( _s3-- 99 99 99 ,sculpture & ,pa9t+1 tw9s ( ,intellect1 rejoice & brea! free/ 9 ! pure e!r ( ,ar*itecture1 or ,_s1 l ,ca/or or ,pollux "u ! breezy heav5 ( _! fa!r ,jupit]4--,vol4 ii41 p4 #ad4 99 99 99 #eh4 ,prep>$ by ?is passage to consid] pa9t+ ei!r z spiritual or intellectual1 8 pati5ce may p>donably give way on f9d+ 9 ! six? lett]--7:at he might1 h[ev]1 h conjectur$ f ! head+ ( ! ?ird p]iod 9 ! *>t ( ! s*ools7--t ! peculi> pr]ogative ( pa9t+--color1 is to be consid]$ z a s5sual elem5t1 & ! expon5t ( s5se1 9 accordance ) a new analogy1 "h = ! fir/ "t propos$1 betwe5 _s1 intellect1 & s5se1 & expression1 =m1 & color4 ,"l ,l9dsay is peculi>ly un=tunate 9 8 adoptions f previ\s writ]s4 ,he has tak5 ?is division ( art f ,fuseli & ,reynolds1 )\t p]ceiv+ t 9 ^? writ]s x is "o ( conv5i5ce m]ely1 &1 ev5 s consid]$1 is z injudici\s z illogical4 ,9 :at does expression consi/ b 9 =m & color8 ,x is "o ( ! ends :i* ^! accompli%1 & may be itself an attribute ( bo?4 ,color may be expressive or inexpressive1 l music2 =m expressive or inexpressive1 l words2 b expression by itself _c exi/2 s t to divide pa9t+ into color1 =m1 & expression1 is precisely z rational z to divide music into notes1 words1 & expression4 ,color may be p5sive1 sev]e1 excit+1 appall+1 gay1 gl[+1 or s5sual2 9 all ^! modes x is expressive3 =m may be t5d] or abrupt1 mean or maje/ic1 attractive or ov]:elm+1 discom=table or delightsome2 9 all ^! modes1 & _m m1 x is expressive2 & if ,"l ,l9dsay's analogy be 9 anywise applicable to ei!r =m or color1 we %\ld h color s5sual 7,correggio71 color intellectual 7,t9toret71 color spiritual 7,angelico7--=m s5sual 7,fr5* sculpture71 =m intellectual 7,phidias71 =m spiritual 7,mi*ael ,angelo74 ,above all1 our au?or %\ld h be5 c>eful h[ he atta*$ ! epi!t s5sual to ! elem5t ( color--n only on acc\nt ( ! gl>+ inconsi/5cy ) 8 own previ\s ass]tion ( ! spirituality ( pa9t+--7s9ce x is c]ta9ly n m]ely by be+ flat in/ead ( solid1 repres5tative in/ead ( actual1 t pa9t+ is--if x be--m spiritual ?an sculpture72 b also1 because ?is idea ( s5suality 9 color has _h mu* %>e 9 r5d]+ abortive ! ef=ts ( ! mod]n ,g]man religi\s pa9t]s1 induc+ _! ab&onm5t ( its consecrat+1 k9dl+1 purify+ p[]4 #ei4 ,"l ,l9dsay says1 9 a passage :i* we %all pres5tly quote1 t ! mo/ s5sual z well z ! mo/ religi\s pa9t]s h always lov$ ! brighte/ colors4 ,n s2 no pa9t]s ev] 7 m s5sual ?an ! mod]n ,fr5*1 :o are alike ins5sible to1 & incapable ( color--dep5d+ altoge!r on morbid gradation1 waxy smoo?ness ( surface1 & lusci\sness ( l9e1 ! real elem5ts ( s5suality :]ev] x em95tly exi/s4 ,s f> f good color be+ s5sual1 x saves1 glorifies1 & gu>ds f all evil3 x is ) ,titian1 z ) all great ma/]s ( fle%-pa9t+1 ! r$eem+ & protect+ elem5t2 & ) ! religi\s pa9t]s1 x is a baptism ) fire1 an "u-song ( holy ,litanies4 ,is x 9 s5suality t ! fair flu% op5s ^u ! *eek ( ,francia's *ant+ angel1#h until we ?9k x comes1 & fades1 & returns1 z 8 voice & 8 h>p+ are l\d] or l[]--or t ! silv] light rises ^u wave aft] wave ( 8 lift$ hair2 or t ! burn+ ( ! blood is se5 on ! uncl\d$ br[s ( ! ?ree angels ( ! ,campo ,santo1 & ( fold$ fire )9 _! w+s2 or t ! holl[ blue ( ! highe/ heav5 mantles ! ,madonna ) its dep?1 & falls ar\nd h] l raim5t1 z %e sits b5ea? ! ?rone ( ! ,si/9e ,judgm5t8 ,is x 9 s5suality t ! visible _w ab\t u is gird$ ) an et]nal iris8--is !re pollution 9 ! rose & ! g5tian m ?an 9 ! rocks t are tru/$ to _! rob+8--is ! sea-blue a /a9 ^u its wat]1 or ! sc>let spr+ ( day ^u ! m\nta9s less holy ?an _! sn[8 ,z well call ! sun itself1 or ! firmam5t1 s5sual1 z ! color :i* fl[s f ! "o1 & fills ! o!r4 #fj4 ,we deprecate ?is ra% assumption1 h[ev]1 ) m reg>d to ! =?com+ portion ( ! hi/ory1 9 :i* we fe> x may s]i\sly dim9i% ! value ( ! au?or's acc\nt ( ! s*ool ( ,v5ice1 ?an to ! "p at pres5t execut$4 ,?is is writt5 9 a _s r sympa!tic ?an critical1 & rightly illu/rates ! feel+ ( e>ly art1 ev5 :]e x mi/akes1 or leaves unanalyz$1 ! te*nical modes ( its expression4 ,x w be bett]1 p]haps1 t we conf9e our att5tion to ! acc\nts ( ! ?ree m5 :o may be consid]$ z suffici5t repres5tatives n only ( ! art ( _! "t1 b ( all subsequ5t2 ,giotto1 ! fir/ ( ! great l9e ( dramati/s1 t]m9at+ 9 ,raffaelle2 ,orcagna1 ! head ( t bran* ( ! contemplative s*ool :i* leans t[>ds sadness or t]ror1 t]m9at+ 9 ,mi*ael ,angelo2 & ,angelico1 ! head ( ! contemplatives conc]n$ ) ! heav5ly ideal1 ar\nd :om may be gr\p$ fir/ ,duccio1 & ! ,si5ese1 :o prec$$ him1 & aft]w>ds ,p9turiccio1 ,p]ug9o1 & ,leon>do da ,v9ci4 #fa4 ,! f\r? lett] op5s 9 ! fields ( ,vespignano4 ,! circum/ances ( ! f9d+ ( ,giotto by ,cimabue are well kn[n4 ,vas>i's anecdote ( ! fly pa9t$ ^u ! nose ( "o ( ,cimabue's figures might1 we ?9k1 h be5 sp>$1 or at lea/ n in/anc$ z pro( ( /udy f nature nobly rew>d$4 ,giotto c]ta9ly nev] ei!r attempt$ or accompli%$ any small imitation ( ?is k9d2 ! /ory has all ! look ( "o ( ! common inv5tions ( ! ignorant = ! ignorant2 nor1 if true1 w\ld ,cimabue's c>eless mi/ake ( a black spot 9 ! %ape ( a fly = "o ( ! liv+ annoyances ( :i* !re might probably be "s doz5 or m ^u 8 panel at any mom5t1 h be5 a matt] ( mu* cr$it to 8 "y pupil4 ,! fir/ po9t ( any real int]e/ is ,"l ,l9dsay's confirmation ( ,fo]/]'s attribution ( ! ,campo ,santo ,life ( ,job1 till lately e/eem$ ,giotto's1 to ,francesco da ,volt]ra4 ,fo]/]'s evid5ce appe>s incontrov]tible2 yet !re is curi\s int]nal evid5ce1 we ?9k1 9 favor ( ! designs be+ ,giotto's1 if n ! execution4 ,! l&scape is especially ,giottesque1 ! trees be+ all boldly mass$ fir/ ) d>k br[n1 )9 :i* ! leaves are pa9t$ sep>ately 9 light3 ?is v ar*aic treatm5t _h be5 mu* s(t5$ & modifi$ by ! ,giottes*i be=e ! date assign$ to ^! frescoes by ,fo]/]4 ,b1 :at is m s+ul>1 ! figure ( ,eliphaz1 or ! =emo/ ( ! ?ree fri5ds1 occurs 9 a temp]a picture ( ,giotto's 9 ! ,academy ( ,flor5ce1 ! ,asc5sion1 among ! apo/les on ! left2 :ile ! face ( ano!r ( ! ?ree fri5ds is aga9 repeat$ 9 ! ,*ri/ disput+ ) ! ,doctors ( ! small temp]a s]ies1 also 9 ! ,academy2 ! figure ( ,satan %[s mu* analogy to t ( ! ,envy ( ! ,ar5a *apel2 & _m o!r portions ( ! design are evid5tly ei!r sket*es ( ?is v subject by ,giotto himself1 or dext]\s compilations f 8 works by a lov+ pupil4 ,"l ,l9dsay has n done ju/ice to ! upp] division--! ,satan be=e ,god3 x is "o ( ! v f9e/ ?\ghts ev] realiz$ by ! ,giottes*i4 ,! s]5ity ( p[] 9 ! pr9cipal figure is v noble2 no expression ( wra?1 or ev5 ( scorn1 9 ! look :i* comm&s ! evil _s4 ,! position ( ! latt]1 & c\nt5ance1 are less grotesque & m demoniacal ?an is usual 9 pa9t+s ( ! "t2 ! triple w+s exp&$--! arms cross$ ov] ! brea/1 & hold+ ea* o!r above ! elb[1 ! claws fix+ 9 ! fle%2 a s]p5t buries its head 9 a cleft 9 ! bosom1 & ! "r ho( is lift$1 z if to /amp4 #fb4 ,we %\ld h be5 glad if ,"l ,l9dsay _h giv5 u "s cle>] idea ( ! int]nal evid5ce on :i* he f\nds 8 det]m9ation ( ! ord] or date ( ! works ( ,giotto4 ,:5 no tru/wor?y records exi/1 we conceive ?is task to be ( s+ul> difficulty1 ow+ to ! diff]5ces ( execution univ]sally exi/+ betwe5 ! l>ge & small works ( ! pa9t]4 ,! portrait ( ,dante 9 ! *apel ( ! ,pode/a is prov$ by ,dante's exile1 9 #acjb1 to h be5 pa9t$ be=e ,giotto 0 six & tw5ty2 yet we rememb] no head 9 any ( 8 works :i* c be comp>$ ) x = c>efulness ( f9i% & tru? ( draw+2 ! crud5ess ( ! mat]ial vanqui%$ by dext]\s hat*+2 ! color n only pure1 b deep--a r>e virtue ) ,giotto2 ! eye s(t & ?\ghtful1 ! br[ nobly model$4 ,9 ! fresco ( ! ,dea? ( ! ,bapti/1 9 ,santa ,croce1 :i* we agree ) ,"l ,l9dsay 9 attribut+ to ! same e>ly p]iod1 ! face ( ! musician is drawn ) great ref9em5t1 & consid]able p[] ( r\nd+ surfaces--7?\gh 9 ! drap]y may be rem>k$ a v s+ul> piece ( ar*aic treatm5t3 x is w>m :ite1 ) yell[ /ripes2 ! dress itself falls 9 deep folds1 b ! /rip$ patt]n does n foll[ ! fold+s--x is drawn across1 z if ) a /raight rul]74 #fc4 ,b pass+ f ^! frescoes1 :i* are ne>ly ! size ( life1 to ^? ( ! ,ar5a *apel at ,padua1 erect$ 9 #acjc1 decorat$ 9 #acjf1 :i* are mu* small]1 we f9d ! execution proportionably less dext]\s4 ,( ?is fam\s *apel ,"l ,l9dsay says-- 99 99 99 n[h]e 7save 9 ! ,duomo ( ,orvieto7 is ! leg5d>y hi/ory ( ! ,virg9 told ) su* m9ut5ess4 ,! he>t mu/ inde$ be cold to ! *>ms ( y\?ful art t c ent] ?is little sanctu>y )\t a gl[ ( delight4 ,f ! ro(1 ) its sky ( ultram>9e1 p[d]$ ) />s & int]sp]s$ ) m$allions conta9+ ! heads ( our ,savi\r1 ! ,virg9 & ! ,apo/les1 to ! mock panel+ ( ! nave1 bel[ ! w9d[s1 ! :ole is completely cov]$ ) frescoes1 9 excell5t pres]vation1 & all m or less pa9t$ by ,giotto's own h&1 except six 9 ! tribune1 :i* h[ev] h app>5tly be5 execut$ f 8 c>toons4444 ,^! frescoes =m a mo/ important docum5t 9 ! hi/ory ( ,giotto's m9d1 exhibit+ all 8 peculi> m]its1 al?\gh 9 a /ate z yet ( immature developm5t4 ,!y are full ( fancy & inv5tion2 ! composition is almo/ always admirable1 al?\gh sometimes too /udi\sly symmetrical2 ! figures are few & *>act]i/ic1 ea* speak+ = itself1 ! imp]sonation ( a di/9ct idea1 & mo/ dramatically gr\p$ & contra/$2 ! attitudes are appropriate1 easy1 & natural2 ! action & ge/iculation s+ul>ly vivid2 ! expression is excell5t1 except :5 impassion$ grief induces c>icature3--devot$ to ! /udy ( ,nature z he is1 ,giotto _h n yet le>nt t x is suppress$ feel+ :i* affects "o mo/4 ,! head ( our ,savi\r is beautiful ?r\gh\t--t ( ! ,virg9 n s good--%e is mode/1 b n v graceful or cele/ial3--x 0 long be=e he succe$$ 9 8 ,virg9s--!y are mu* too matronly3 among ! accessory figures1 graceful female =ms occasionally appe>1 =e%ad[+ ^? ( 8 lat] works at ,flor5ce & ,naples1 yet !y are always clumsy ab\t ! wai/ & bu/1 & mo/ ( !m are "u-jaw$1 :i* c]ta9ly detracts f ! sweetness ( ! female c\nt5ance4 ,8 del9eation ( ! nak$ is excell5t1 z comp>$ ) ! works ( 8 pr$ecessors1 b f> unequal to :at he atta9$ 9 8 lat] ye>s1--! drap]y1 on ! contr>y1 is noble1 maje/ic1 & /atuesque2 ! color+ is /ill pale & weak1--x 0 long ere he improv$ 9 ?is po9t2 ! l&scape displays little or no am5dm5t ^u ! ,byzant9e2 ! ar*itecture1 t ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 is to ! figures t p x 9 ! proportion ( dolls' h\ses to ! *ildr5 t play ) !m1--an absurdity long un?9k+ly acquiesc$ 91 f its occurr5ce 9 ! classic bas-reliefs f :i* x _h be5 traditionally d]iv$2--&1 f9ally1 ! l9eal p]spective is v fair1 & 9 ?ree ( ! compositions an excell5t effect is produc$ by ! introduction ( ! same backgr\nd ) v>i$ dramatis p]sonae1 rem9d+ "o ( ,retsz*'s illu/rations ( ,fau/4 ,! animals too are always excell5t1 full ( _s & "*4--,vol4 ii41 pp4 #ahc-aii4 #fd4 ,?is la/ *>act]i/ic is especially to be notic$4 ,x is a t\*+ pro( ( ! influ5ce ( e>ly ye>s4 ,giotto 0 only t5 ye>s old :5 he 0 tak5 f foll[+ ! %eep4 ,= ! re/1 z we h above /at$1 ! manipulation ( ^! frescoes is j z f> inf]ior to t ( ! ,pode/a *apel z _! dim5sions are less2 & we ?9k x w be f\nd g5]ally t ! small] ! "w ! m rude is ,giotto's h&4 ,9 ?is respect he seems to diff] f all o!r ma/]s4 99 99 99 ,x is n difficult1 gaz+ on ^! sil5t b eloqu5t walls1 to repeople !m ) ! gr\p once1 z we "k-five hundr$ ye>s ago--assembl$ )9 !m1--,giotto int5t ^u 8 "w1 8 wife ,ciuta admir+ 8 progress1 & ,dante1 ) ab/ract$ eye1 alt]nately conv]s+ ) 8 fri5d & wat*+ ! gambols ( ! *ildr5 play+ on ! grass be=e ! door4 ,x is g5]ally affirm$ t ,dante1 dur+ ?is visit1 inspir$ ,giotto ) 8 ta/e = allegory1 & t ! ,virtues & ,vices ( ! ,ar5a 7 ! fir/ fruits ( _! int]c\rse2 x is possible1 c]ta9ly1 b ,i d\bt x1--allegory 0 ! univ]sal language ( ! "t1 z we h se5 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,pisan s*ool4--,vol4 ii41 pp4 #aii1 #bjj4 99 99 99 ,x ought to h be5 fur!r m5tion$1 t ! repres5tation ( ! ,virtues & ,vices "u ^! ,giottesque figures cont9u$ long aft]w>ds4 ,we f9d !m copi$1 = in/ance1 on ! capitals ( ! ,ducal ,palace at ,v5ice1 ) an amus+ v>iation on ! ,/ultitia1 :o has nei!r ,indian dress nor club1 z ) ,giotto1 b is to ! ,v5etians suffici5tly di/+ui%$ by rid+ a horse4 #fe4 ,! notice ( ! frescoes at ,assisi consi/s ( little m ?an an enum]ation ( ! subjects1 accompani$ by agreeable translations ( ! traditions respect+ ,/4 ,francis1 embodi$ by ,/4 ,buonav5tura4 ,nor h we space to foll[ ! au?or ?r\gh 8 exam9ation ( ,giotto's works at ,naples & ,avignon4 ,! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! erection ( ! ,campanile ( ,flor5ce is too int]e/+ to be omitt$3--- 99 99 99 ,giotto 0 *os5 to erect x1 on ! gr\nd av[$ly ( ! univ]sality ( 8 tal5ts1 ) ! appo9tm5t ( ,capomae/ro1 or *ief ar*itect ( ! ,ca!dral & its dep5d5cies1 a ye>ly sal>y ( "o hundr$ gold flor9s1 & ! privilege ( citiz5%ip1 & "u ! special und]/&+ t he 0 n to quit ,flor5ce4 ,8 designs be+ approv$ (1 ! republic pass$ a decree 9 ! spr+ ( #accd1 t '! ,campanile %\ld be built s z to exce$ 9 magnific5ce1 height & excell5ce ( workman%ip :atev] 9 t k9d _h be5 a*iev$ ( old by ! ,greeks & ,romans 9 ! "t ( _! utmo/ p[] & greatness--della loro piu florida pot5za4' ,! fir/ /one 0 laid accord+ly1 ) great pomp1 on ! #ah? ( ,july foll[+1 & ! "w prosecut$ ) su* vigor & ) su* co/l9ess & utt] disreg>d ( exp5se1 t a citiz5 ( ,v]ona1 look+ on1 exclaim$ t ! republic 0 tax+ h] /r5g? too f>1--t ! unit$ res\rces ( two great mon>*s w\ld be insuffici5t to complete x2 a criticism :i* ! ,signoria res5t$ by conf9+ him = two mon?s 9 prison1 & aft]w>ds conduct+ him ?r\gh ! public treasury1 to tea* him t ! ,flor5t9es c\ld build _! :ole city ( m>ble1 & n "o poor /eeple only1 7 !y s incl9$4 ,giotto made a model ( 8 propos$ /ructure1 on :i* e /one 0 m>k$1 & ! successive c\rses pa9t$ r$ & :ite1 accord+ to 8 design1 s z to mat* ) ! ,ca!dral & ,bapti/]y2 ?is model 0 ( c\rse adh]$ to /rictly dur+ ! %ort remnant ( 8 life1 & ! "w 0 complet$ 9 /rict con=mity to x aft] 8 dea?1 ) ! exception ( ! spire1 :i*1 ! ta/e hav+ *ang$1 0 nev] add$4 ,he _h int5d$ x to be "o hundr$ braccia1 or "o hundr$ & fifty feet high4--,vol4 ii41 pp4 #bdg-bdi4 ,! defici5cy ( ! spire ,"l ,l9dsay does n regret3-- 99 99 99 ,let ! read] /& be=e ! ,campanile1 & ask himself :e!r1 ) ,mi*ael ,scott at 8 elb[1 or ,aladd9's lamp 9 8 h&1 he w\ld supply ! defici5cy8 ,i ?9k n4--p4 #ch4 99 99 99 ,we h m fai? 9 ,giotto ?an our au?or--& we w reply to 8 "q by two o!rs--:e!r1 look+ d[n ^u ,flor5ce f ! hill ( ,san ,m9iato1 8 eye re/$ (t5] & m affectionately on ! ,campanile ( ,giotto1 or on ! simple t[] & spire ( ,santa ,m>ia ,novella8--& :e!r1 9 ! backgr\nds ( ,p]ug9o1 he w\ld will+ly sub/itute = ! *ur* spires inv>iably introduc$1 flat-topp$ campaniles l ! unf9i%$ t[] ( ,flor5ce8 #ff4 ,giotto sculptur$ ) 8 own h& two ( ! bas-reliefs ( ?is campanile1 & probably might h execut$ !m all4 ,b ! purposes ( 8 life _h be5 accompli%$2 he di$ at ,flor5ce on ! #h? ( ,janu>y1 #accg4 ,! conclud+ notice ( 8 "* & a*ievem5t is highly valuable4 99 99 99 #fg4 ,pa9t+ inde$ /&s indebt$ to ,giotto beyond any ( h] *ildr54 ,8 hi/ory is a mo/ in/ructive "o4 ,end[$ ) ! livelie/ fancy1 & ) t facility :i* s (t5 betrays g5ius1 & a*iev+ 9 y\? a reputation :i* ! age ( ,me?uselah c\ld n h add$ to1 he _h yet ! disc]nm5t to p]ceive h[ mu* /ill rema9$ to be done1 & ! resolution to b9d himself 7z x 77 to ,nature's *>iot :eel1 confid5t t %e w\ld erelong emancipate & own him z h] son4 ,calm & unimpassion$1 he seems to h comm5c$ 8 c>e] ) a delib]ate survey ( ! difficulties he _h to enc\nt] & ( 8 res\rces = ! conflict1 & !n to h work$ ^u a sy/em /eadily & p]sev]+ly1 prophetically sure ( victory4 ,8 life 0 inde$ "o cont9u$ triumph1--& no conqu]or ev] m\nt$ to ! ,capitol ) a /ep m equal & s$ate4 ,we f9d him1 at fir/1 sl[ly & cauti\sly endeavor+ to infuse new life into ! traditional compositions1 by sub/itut+ ! heads1 attitudes1 & drap]y ( ! actual _w = ! spectral =ms & conv5tional types ( ! mosaics & ! ,byzant9e pa9t]s1--idealiz+ !m :5 ! p]sonages repres5t$ 7 ( high] m>k & dignity1 b 9 none ev] out/epp+ tru?4 ,advanc+ 9 8 c>e]1 we f9d ye> by ye> ! fruits ( cont9u\s unwe>i$ /udy 9 a consi/5t & equable contempor>y improvem5t 9 all ! v>i\s m9ut] ?\gh mo/ important dep>tm5ts ( 8 art1 9 8 design1 8 drap]y1 8 color+1 9 ! dignity & expression ( 8 m5 & 9 ! grace ( 8 wom5--asp]ities s(t5$ d[n1 little graces unexpect$ly born & play+ ab\t 8 pa?1 z if to make am5ds = ! de=mity ( 8 actual (fspr+--t\*es1 daily m num]\s1 ( t nature :i* makes ! _w ak9--& ev] & always a ke5 yet *e]ful sympa?y ) life1 a playful humor m+l+ ) 8 grav] lessons1 :i* affects u ! m z com+ f "o :o1 kn[+ himself an object p]sonally ( disgu/ & ridicule1 c\ld yet satirize ) a smile4 ,f9ally1 ?r\gh\t 8 works1 we are consci\s ( an e>ne/1 a l(ty1 a religi\s aim & purpose1 z ( "o :o felt himself a pione] ( civilization 9 a newly-discov]$ _w1 ! ,adam ( a new ,ed5 fre%ly plant$ 9 ! e>?'s wild]ness1 a m\?piece ( ,god & a prea*] ( righte\sness to mank9d4--,& "h we mu/ e/abli% a di/9ction v necess>y to be recogniz$ be=e we c duly appreciate ! relative m]its ( ! eld] pa9t]s 9 ?is1 ! mo/ important po9t 9 :i* we c view _! "*4 ,giotto's g5ius1 h[ev] univ]sal1 0 /ill 7z ,i h repeat$ly obs]v$7 ,dramatic r ?an ,contemplative1--a t5d5cy 9 :i* 8 s*ol>s & successors almo/ to a man resembl$ him4 ,n[1 j z 9 actual life--:]e1 ) a few r>e exceptions1 all m5 rank "u two great categories accord+ z ,imag9ation or ,reason pr$om9ates 9 _! intellectual "*--two individuals may be equally impress$ ) ! tru?s ( ,*ri/ianity & yet diff] ess5tially 9 its outw>d manife/ation1 ! "o dwell+ 9 action1 ! o!r 9 contemplation1 ! "o 9 /rife1 ! o!r 9 peace1 ! "o 7s to speak7 9 hate1 ! o!r 9 love1 ! "o /ruggl+ ) devils1 ! o!r commun+ ) angels1 yet ea* s]v+ z a *annel ( ,god's m]cies to man1 ea* 7we may believe7 (f]+ ,him s]vice equally acceptable 9 ,8 sight--ev5 s %all we f9d x 9 art & ) arti/s2 few 9 :om ! ,dramatic p[] pr$om9ates w be f\nd to excel 9 ! expression ( religi\s emotions ( ! m ab/ract & en?usia/ic ca/1 ev5 al?\gh m5 ( indisputably pure & holy "* !mselves2 & vice v]sa1 few ( ! m ,contemplative b w feel bewild]$ & at fault1 if !y desc5d f _! />ry region ( light into ! gross] atmosph]e t girdles 9 ?is _w ( action4 ,! works ( arti/s are _! m9ds' mirror2 !y _c express :at !y d n feel2 ea* class dwells ap>t & seeks its ideal 9 a di/9ct sph]e ( emotion1--_! object is diff]5t1 & _! success proportion$ to ! exclusiv5ess ) :i* !y pursue t object4 ,a few inde$ !re h be5 9 all ages1 mon>*s ( ! m9d & types ( our ,savi\r1 :o h liv$ a tw(old exi/5ce ( action & contemplation 9 art1 9 song1 9 politics1 & 9 daily life2 ( ^! h be5 ,abraham1 ,moses1 ,david1 & ,cyrus 9 ! eld] _w--,alfr$1 ,*>lemagne1 ,dante1 & p]haps ,%akespe>e1 9 ! new1--& 9 art1 ,niccola ,pisano1 ,leon>do da ,v9ci & ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,b ,giotto1 h[ev] great z ! patri>* ( 8 peculi> tribe1 0 n ( ^! few1 & we ought n !re=e to misappreh5d him1 or be disappo9t$ at f9d+ 8 ,madonnas 7= in/ance7 less exquisitely spiritual ?an ! ,si5ese1 or ^? ( ,fra ,angelico & "s lat] pa9t]s1 :o seem to h dipp$ _! p5cils 9 ! ra9b[ t circles ! ?rone ( ,god1--!y are pure & mode/1 b t is all2 on ! o!r h&1 :]e 8 ,contemplative rivals lack utt]ance1 he speaks mo/ feel+ly to ! he>t 9 8 own peculi> language ( ,dramatic composition--he glances ov] creation ) ! eye ( love1 all ! *>ities ( life foll[ 9 8 /eps1 & 8 ?\ghts are z ! brea? ( ! morn+4 ,a man ( ! _w1 liv+ 9 x & lov+ x1 yet ) a he>t t x c\ld n spoil nor wean f its allegiance to ,god--'non m5o buon ,cri/iano *e eccell5te pittore1' z ,vas>i emphatically describes him--8 religion brea!s ( ! free air ( heav5 r ?an ! cloi/]1 nei!r en?usia/ic nor sup]/iti\s1 b practical1 manly & heal?y--& ?is1 al?\gh ! picturesque biograph] ( ,s4 ,francis6--,vol4 ii41 pp4 #bfj-bfd4 99 99 99 #fh4 ,?is is all z admirably felt z express$1 & to ^? acqua9t$ ) & accu/om$ to love ! works ( ! pa9t]1 x leaves no?+ to be ask$ =2 b we mu/ aga9 rem9d ,"l ,l9dsay1 t he has ?r\gh\t left ! arti/ical orbit ( ,giotto undef9$1 & ! (f5se ( 8 mann] unremov$1 z f> z reg>ds ! un9itiat$ spectator4 ,we "q :e!r f all t he has writt51 ! untravel$ read] c\ld =m any di/9ct idea ( ! pa9t]'s peculi> m]its or me?ods1 or t ! e/imate1 if =m$1 might n aft]w>ds expose him to sev]e disappo9tm5t4 ,x ought especially to h be5 /at$1 t ! ,giottesque sy/em ( *i>oscuro is "o ( pure1 quiet1 p]vad+ daylight4 ,no ca/ %ad[s ev] occur1 & ?is rema9s a m>k$ *>act]i/ic ( all ! works ( ! ,giottes*i4 ,( c\rse1 all subtleties ( reflect$ light or rais$ color are un?\ght (4 ,%ade is only giv5 z f> z x is necess>y to ! articulation ( simple =ms1 nor ev5 !n is x rightly adapt$ to ! color ( ! light2 ! folds ( ! drap]ies are well drawn1 b ! entire r\nd+ ( !m always miss$--! g5]al =ms appe>+ flat1 & t]m9at$ by equal & sev]e outl9es1 :ile ! masses ( ungradat$ color (t5 seem to divide ! figure into fragm5ts4 ,?us1 ! ,madonna 9 ! small temp]a s]ies ( ! ,academy ( ,flor5ce1 is usually divid$ exactly 9 half by ! d>k mass ( h] blue robe1 fall+ 9 a v]tical l9e4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is defect1 ! grace ( ,giotto's composition c h>dly be felt until x is put into outl9e4 ,! colors !mselves are ( good quality1 nev] gl>+1 always gladd5+1 ! r$s incl9+ to orange m ?an purple1 yell[ frequ5t1 ! preval5t tone ( ! color gr\ps w>m2 ! sky always blue1 ! :ole effect some:at resembl+ t ( ! ,nor!rn pa9t$ glass ( ! same c5tury--& *a/5$ 9 ! same mann] by noble neutral t9ts or gre5s2 yet all some:at unconsid]$ & unsy/ematic1 pa9ful discords n unfrequ5t4 ,! mat]ial & ornam5ts ( dress are nev] p>ticul>iz$1 no imitations ( texture or jewelry1 yet %ot /uffs ( two colors frequ5t4 ,! draw+ (t5 p[]ful1 ?\gh ( c\rse un9=m$2 ! ma/]y ( m5tal expression by bodily motion1 & ( bodily motion1 pa/ & future1 by a s+le ge/ure1 altoge!r unrival$ ev5 by ,raffaelle2--x is obta9$ *iefly by ?r[+ ! emphasis always on ! "r l9e1 admitt+ /raight l9es ( great sev]ity1 & nev] divid+ ! ma9 drift ( ! drap]y by inf]ior folds2 nei!r are accid5ts all[$ to int]f]e--! g>m5ts fall heavily & 9 m>k$ angles--nor are !y affect$ by ! w9d1 except "u circum/ances ( v rapid motion4 ,! ideal ( ! face is (t5 solemn--seldom beautiful2 occasionally ludicr\s failures occur3 9 ! smalle/ designs ! face is v (t5 a dead lett]1 or worse3 & 9 all1 ,giotto's h&l+ is g5]ally to be di/+ui%$ f t ( any ( 8 foll[]s by its bluntness4 ,9 ! s*ool "w we f9d sweet] types ( feature1 great] f9i%1 /rict] c>e1 m delicate outl9e1 few] errors1 b on ! :ole less life4 #fi4 ,f9ally1 & on ?is we w\ld especially insi/1 ,giotto's g5ius is n to be consid]$ z /ruggl+ ) difficulty & repress$ by ignorance1 b z appo9t$1 = ! good ( m51 to come into ! _w exactly at ! "t :5 its rapidity ( inv5tion 0 n likely to be hamp]$ by dem&s = imitative dext]ity or neatness ( f9i%2 & :51 ow+ to ! v ignorance :i* has be5 unwisely regrett$1 ! simplicity ( 8 ?\ghts might be utt]$ ) a *ildlike & innoc5t sweetness1 nev] to be recov]$ 9 times ( pr\d] k4 ,! dramatic p[] ( 8 works1 rightly und]/ood1 c\ld receive no addition f artificial arrangem5t ( %ade1 or sci5tific exhibition ( anatomy1 & we h reason to be deeply grateful :5 aft]w>ds inl& f> ) ,buon>oti & ,titian1 t we c look back to ! ,giottes*i--to see ^? *ildr5 ,sport ^u ! %ore ,& he> ! mighty wat]s roll+ ev]more4 ,we believe ,giotto himself felt ?is--unque/ionably he c\ld h c>ri$ _m ( 8 works mu* f>!r 9 f9i%1 _h he s will$ x2 b he *ose r to multiply motives ?an to complete details4 ,?us we recur to our great pr9ciple ( ,sep>ate gift4 ,! man :o sp5ds 8 life 9 ton+ colors mu/ leave ! treasures ( 8 inv5tion untold--let ea* h 8 p]fect "w2 & :ile we ?ank ,bell9i & ,leon>do = _! deeply wr\ght dyes1 & life-labor$ utt]ance ( passionate ?\ght2 let u rememb] also :at cause1 b = ! remorseless de/ruction ( myriads ( 8 works1 we %\ld h _h to ?ank ,giotto1 9 t1 ab&on+ all pr\d ef=t1 he *ose r to make ! /ones ( ,italy cry out ) "o voice ( pauseless praise1 & to fill ) p]petual remembrance ( ! ,sa9ts he lov$1 & p]petual honor ( ! ,god he wor%ip$1 palace *amb] & conv5t cloi/]1 lift$ t[] & l5g!n$ wall1 f ! utmo/ blue ( ! pla9 ( ,padua to ! ,s\!rn wild]nesses ( ! h]mit-haunt$ ,ap5n9e4 #gj4 ,f ! head ( ! ,dramatic bran* ( ,art1 we turn to ! fir/ ( ! great ,contemplative ,triad1 associat$1 z x mo/ s+ul>ly happ5s 9 "n z well z 9 he>t2 ,orcagna--,arcagnuolo2 ,fra ,giovanni--detto ,angelico2 & ,mi*ael ,angelo3--! fir/ two names be+ be/[$ by contempor>y admiration4 99 99 99 ,orcagna 0 born app>5tly ab\t ! middle ( ! 7#ad?7 c5tury1 & 0 *ri/5$ ,&rea1 by :i* "n1 ) ! addition ( t ( 8 fa!r1 ,cione1 he always designat$ himself2 t1 h[ev]1 ( ,orcagna1 a corruption ( ,arcagnuolo1 or ',! ,ar*angel1' 0 giv5 him by 8 contempor>ies1 & by ?is he has become kn[n to po/]ity4 ,! e>lie/ works ( ,orcagna w be f\nd 9 t sanctu>y ( ,semi-,byzant9e art1 ! ,campo ,santo ( ,pisa4 ,he !re pa9t$ ?ree ( ! f\r ',novissima1' ,dea?1 ,judgm5t1 ,hell1 & ,p>adise--! two =m] entirely himself1 ! ?ird ) ! assi/ance ( 8 bro!r ,b]n>do1 :o is said to h color$ x aft] 8 designs4 ,! fir/ ( ! s]ies1 a mo/ s+ul> p]=mance1 _h = c5turies be5 popul>ly kn[n z ! ',trionfo della ,morte4' ,x is divid$ by an imm5se rock into two irregul> portions4 ,9 t to ! "r1 ,dea?1 p]sonifi$ z a female phantom1 batw+$1 claw-foot$1 h] robe ( l9k$ mail 8 & h] long hair /ream+ on ! w9d1 sw+s back h] scy! 9 ord] to cut d[n a company ( ! ri* ones ( ! e>?1 ,ca/ruccio ,ca/racani & 8 gay companions1 seat$ "u an orange-grove1 & li/5+ to ! music ( a tr\bad\r & a female m9/rel2 little g5ii or ,cupids1 ) rev]s$ tor*es1 float 9 ! air above !m2 "o "y gallant c>esses 8 hawk1 a lady h] lapdog1--,ca/ruccio alone looks ab/ract$ly away1 z if 8 ?\ghts 7 else:]e4 ,b all are alike he$less & unconsci\s1 ?\gh ! s& is run out1 ! scy! fall+ & _! doom seal$4 ,mean:ile ! lame & ! halt1 ! )]$ & ! bl9d1 to :om ! heav5s are brass & life a bur!n1 cry on ,dea? ) impassion$ ge/ures1 to release !m f _! mis]y1--b 9 va92 %e sweeps pa/1 & w n he> !m4 ,betwe5 ^! two gr\ps lie a heap ( corpses1 m[n d[n already 9 h] flight--k+s1 que5s1 bi%ops1 c>d9als1 "y m5 & maid5s1 secul> & ecclesia/ical--ensign$ by _! cr[ns1 coronets1 necklaces1 mit]s & helmets--huddl$ toge!r 9 hide\s confusion2 "s are dead1 o!rs dy+1--angels & devils draw ! s\ls out ( _! m\?s2 t ( a nun 79 ^: h& a purse1 firmly cl5*$1 betok5s h] besett+ s97 %r9ks back agha/ at ! unlook$-= sight ( ! demon :o receives x--an idea ei!r inh]it$ or adopt$ f ,&rea ,tafi4 ,! :ole upp] half ( ! fresco1 on ?is side1 is fill$ ) angels & devils c>ry+ s\ls to heav5 or to hell2 sometimes a /ruggle takes place1 & a s\l is rescu$ f a demon :o has unw>rantably appropriat$ x2 ! angels are v graceful1 & _! int]c\rse ) _! spiritual *>ge is full ( t5d]ness & ende>m5t2 on ! o!r h&1 ! wick$ are hurri$ (f by ! devils & ?r[n headlong into ! m\?s ( hell1 repres5t$ z ! crat] ( a volcano1 bel*+ out flames ne>ly 9 ! c5t] ( ! composition4 ,^! devils exhibit e v>iety ( horror 9 =m & feature4--,vol4 iii41 pp4 #acj-acd4 99 99 99 #ga4 ,we wi% our au?or _h be5 m specific 9 8 acc\nt ( ?is wond]ful fresco4 ,! portrait ( ,ca/ruccio ought to h be5 signaliz$ z a sev]e disappo9tm5t to ! admir]s ( ! h]oic ,luc*ese3 ! face is flat1 lifeless1 & s5sual1 ?\gh f9e 9 feature4 ,! gr\p ( m5dicants occupy+ ! c5t] are especially int]e/+1 z be+ among ! fir/ exi/+ examples ( h>d /udy f ! model3 all are evid5tly portraits--& ! effect ( de=mity on ! l9es ( ! c\nt5ance r5d]$ ) appall+ tru?2 ! retractile muscles ( ! m\? wr9kl$ & fix$--! jaws project+--! eyes hungry & gl>+--! eyebr[s grisly & /iff1 ! pa9t] hav+ drawn ea* hair sep>ately3 ! two /roppiati ) /umps in/ead ( arms are especially *>act]i/ic1 z ! obs]v] may at once det]m9e by comp>+ !m ) ! desc5dants ( ! orig9als1 ( :om he w at any "t f9d two1 or m1 wait+ to accompany 8 return across ! mead[ 9 front ( ! ,duomo3 ! old woman also1 ne>e/ ( ! gr\p1 ) gray di%evel$ hair & gray coat1 ) a br[n girdle & g\rd flask1 is magnific5t1 & ! ar*etype ( all mod]n conceptions ( wit*4 ,b ! cr[n+ /roke ( feel+ is dep5d5t on a circum/ance seldom obs]v$4 ,z ,ca/ruccio & 8 companions are seat$ "u ! %ade ( an orange grove1 s ! m5dicants are surr\nd$ by a ?icket ( teasels1 & a bran* ( ragg$ ?orn is twi/$ l a cr[n ab\t _! sickly temples & we$y hair4 #gb4 ,we d n altoge!r agree ) our au?or 9 ?9k+ t ! devils exhibit e v>iety ( horror2 we r fe> t ! spectator might at fir/ be rem9d$ by !m ( :at is commonly kn[n z ! ,dragon patt]n ( ,w$gwood w>e4 ,!re is inv5tion 9 !m h[ev]--& en]gy2 ! eyes are always t]rible1 ?\gh simply drawn--a black ball set =w>d1 & two-?irds surr\nd$ by a n>r[ cresc5t ( :ite1 "u a %aggy br[2 ! m\?s are frequ5tly magnific5t2 t ( a demon accompany+ a ?ru/ ( a spe> ) a gr[l1 on ! "r ( ! picture1 is int]e/+ z an example ( ! developm5t ( ! can9e tee? notic$ by ,sir ,*>les ,bell 7,essay on ,expression1 p4 #ach7--;its capacity ( lac]ation is unlimit$3 ano!r1 sn>l+ l a tig] at an angel :o has pull$ a s\l out ( 8 claws1 is equally well conceiv$2 we "k no?+ l its f]ocity except ,rembr&t's sket*es ( w\nd$ wild bea/s4 ,! angels we ?9k g5]ally disappo9t+2 !y are = ! mo/ "p dim9utive 9 size1 & ! cross+ ( ! extremities ( ! two w+s t cov] ! feet1 gives !m a coleopt]\s1 cock*af] look1 :i* is n a little undignifi$2 ! colors ( _! plumes are some:at co>se & d>k--"o is cov]$ ) silky hair1 in/ead ( fea!rs4 ,! s\ls !y cont5d = are inde$ ( sweet expression2 b exce$+ly e>?ly 9 cont\r1 ! pa9t] be+ unable to deal ) ! nude =m4 ,on ! :ole1 he seems to h res]v$ 8 highe/ p[]s = ! fresco :i* foll[s next 9 ord]1 ! sc5e ( ,resurrection & ,judgm5t4 99 99 99 ,x is1 9 ! ma91 ! traditional ,byzant9e composition1 ev5 m rigidly symmetrical ?an usual1 s+ul>ly contra/+ 9 ?is respect ) ! ru% & movem5t ( ! prec$+ comp>tm5t4 ,our ,savi\r & ! ,virg91 seat$ side by side1 ea* on a ra9b[ & )9 a vesica piscis1 appe> 9 ! sky--,our ,savi\r utt]+ ! words ( mal$iction ) uplift$ arm1 %[+ ! w\nd 9 8 side1 & ne>ly 9 ! attitude ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 b 9 wra?1 n 9 fury--! ,virg9 timidly draw+ back & gaz+ d[n 9 pity & sorr[4 ,i nev] saw ?is co-equal juxtaposition 9 any o!r repres5tation ( ! ,la/ ,judgm5t4--,vol4 iii41 p4 #acf4 99 99 99 #gc4 ,! positions ( our ,savi\r & ( ! ,virg9 are n /rictly co-equal2 ! glory 9 :i* ! ,madonna is seat$ is bo? l[] & less2 b ! equality is m complete 9 ! pa9t+ ( ! same subject 9 ,santa ,m4 ,novella4 ,we believe ,"l ,l9dsay is correct 9 ?9k+ ,orcagna ! only arti/ :o has d>$ x4 ,we "q :e!r ev5 wra? be int5d$ 9 ! c\nt5ance ( ! pr9cipal figure2 on ! contr>y1 we ?9k x likely to disappo9t at fir/1 & appe> lifeless 9 its exce$+ tranquillity2 ! br[ is inde$ slightly knit1 b ! eyes h no local direction4 ,!y compreh5d all ?+s--are set ^u all spirits alike1 z 9 t ^w-fresco ( our own1 n unwor?y to be set side by side ) ?is1 ! ,vision ( ! ,trembl+ ,man 9 ! ,h\se ( ! ,int]pret]4 ,! action is z maje/ic z ! c\nt5ance--! "r h& seems rais$ r to %[ its w\nd 7z ! left po9ts at ! same in/ant to ! w\nd 9 ! side71 ?an 9 condemnation1 ?\gh its ge/ure has be5 adopt$ z "o ( ?reat5+--fir/ 7& v nobly7 by ,b5ozzo ,gozzoli1 9 ! figure ( ! ,angel dep>t+1 look+ t[>ds ,sodom--& aft]w>ds1 ) un=tunate exagg]ation1 by ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,orcagna's ,madonna we ?9k a failure1 b 8 /r5g? has be5 m happily display$ 9 ! ,apo/olic circle4 ,! head ( ,/4 ,john is peculi>ly beautiful4 ,! o!r ,apo/les look =w>d or d[n z 9 judgm5t--"s 9 indignation1 "s 9 pity1 "s s]5e--b ! eyes ( ,/4 ,john are fix$ ^u ! ,judge ,himself ) ! /ability ( love--int]cession & sorr[ /ruggl+ = utt]ance ) awe--& ?r\gh bo? is se5 a tremor ( submissive a/oni%m5t1 t ! lips :i* _h once =bidd5 8 to call d[n fire f heav5 %\ld n[ !mselves burn ) irrevocable condemnation4 99 99 99 #gd4 ,"o feel+ = ! mo/ "p p]vades ?is side ( ! composition1--!re is f> m v>iety 9 ! o!r2 agony is depict$ ) fe>ful int5sity & 9 e degree & "*2 "s clasp _! h&s1 "s hide _! faces1 "s look up 9 despair1 b none t[>ds ,*ri/2 o!rs seem to h gr[n idiots ) horror3--a few gaze1 z if fasc9at$1 into ! gulf ( fire t[>ds :i* ! :ole mass ( mis]y are be+ urg$ by ! m9i/]s ( doom--! flames bite !m1 ! devils fi% = & cat* !m ) long grappl+-hooks3--9 sad contra/ to ! gr\p on ! opposite side1 a que51 condemn$ h]self b self-=getful1 va9ly /ruggles to rescue h] daught] f a demon :o has caught h] by ! g[n & is dragg+ h] backw>ds into ! abyss--h] si/]1 wr++ h] h&s1 looks on 9 agony--x is a fe>ful sc5e4 ,a va/ rib or ar* 9 ! walls ( p&emonium admits "o into ! contigu\s gulf ( ,hell1 =m+ ! ?ird fresco1 or r a cont9uation ( ! second--9 :i* ,satan sits 9 ! mid/1 9 gigantic t]ror1 cas$ 9 armor & crun*+ s9n]s--( :om ,judas1 especially1 is eat5 & eject$1 re-eat5 & re-eject$ aga9 & aga9 =ev]4 ,! puni%m5ts ( ! wick$ are portray$ 9 circles numb]less ar\nd him4 ,b 9 ev]y?+ save horror ?is comp>tm5t is inf]ior to ! prec$+1 & x has be5 mu* injur$ & repa9t$4--,vol4 iii41 p4 #ach4 99 99 99 #ge4 ,we might h be5 sp>$ all notice ( ?is la/ comp>tm5t4 ,?r\gh\t ,italy1 ow+1 x may be suppos$1 to ! int]e/$ desire ( ! cl]gy to impress ^u ! populace z =cibly z possible ! v]ity ( purgatorial horrors1 ne>ly e repres5tation ( ! ,inf]no has be5 repa9t$1 & vulg> but*]y sub/itut$ = ! expressions ( puni%m5t :i* 7 too *a/e = monki% purposes4 ,! inf]nos ( ,giotto at ,padua1 & ( ,orcagna at ,flor5ce1 h ?us be5 de/roy$2 b 9 nei!r case h !y be5 replac$ by any?+ s m]ely disgu/+ z ^! re/orations by ,solazz9o 9 ! ,campo ,santo4 ,n a l9e ( ,orcagna's rema9s1 except 9 "o r[ ( figures halfway up ! wall1 :]e 8 firm black draw+ is /ill di/+ui%able3 ?r\gh\t ! re/ ( ! fresco1 hillocks ( p9k fle% h be5 sub/itut$ = 8 sev]e =ms--& = 8 agoniz$ features1 puppets' heads ) ro>+ m\?s & />+ eyes1 ! :ole z co>se & sick5+1 & q z weak1 z any scrabble on ! l[e/ boo?s ( a ,london ,fair4 #gf4 ,"l ,l9dsay's comp>ison ( ^! frescoes ( ,orcagna ) ! great "w 9 ! ,si/9e1 is1 z a specim5 ( 8 writ+1 too good n to be quot$4 99 99 99 ,:ile ,mi*ael ,angelo's lead+ idea seems to be ! self-conc5tration & utt] absorption ( all feel+ into ! "o pr$om9ant ?\ght1 ,am ,i1 individually1 safe8 resolv+ itself into two emotions only1 d\bt & despair--all div]sities ( "*1 all k9dr$ sympa?ies annihilat$ "u _! pressure--^? emotions utt]+ !mselves1 n ?r\gh ! face b ! =m1 by bodily contortion1 r5d]+ ! :ole composition1 ) all its ov]:elm+ m]its1 a mighty hubbub--,orcagna's on ! contr>y embraces ! :ole _w ( passions t make up ! economy ( man1 & ^! n confus$ or cru%$ into ea* o!r1 b exp&$ & enhanc$ 9 quality & int5sity comm5surably ) ! '*ange' att5dant ^u ! resurrection--v>i\sly express$ inde$1 & 9 ref]5ce to ! div]sities ( individual "*1 :i* w be n[ise compromis$ by t *ange1 yet f _! v int5sity suppress$ & subdu$1 /ill+ ! body & in=m+ only ! s\l's index1 ! c\nt5ance4 ,all !re=e is calm2 ! sav$ h acquiesc$ 9 all ?+s1 !y c m\rn no m--! damn$ are to !m z if !y _h nev] be52--among ! lo/1 grief is too deep1 too settl$ = c>icature1 & :ile e feel+ ( ! spectator1 e key ( ! s\l's organ1 is play$ ^u by turns1 t5d]ness & pity =m ! "u-song ?r\gh\t & ultimately prevail2 ! curse is utt]$ 9 sorr[ r ?an wra?1 & f ! pity+ ,virg9 & ! weep+ ar*angel above1 to ! "m endeavor+ to rescue h] daught] bel[1 & ! "y secul> l$ to p>adise "u ! approv+ smile ( ,s4 ,mi*ael1 all resolves itself into sympa?y & love4--,mi*ael ,angelo's conception may be m efficaci\s = tea*+ by t]ror--x 0 8 object1 ,i believe1 z ! heir ( ,savon>ola & ! repres5tative ( ! ,prote/ant _s )9 ! bosom ( ,ca?olicism2 b ,orcagna's is 9 bett] ta/e1 tru] to human nature1 sublim] 9 philosophy1 & 7if ,i mi/ake n7 m scriptural4--,vol4 iii41 pp4 #aci-ada4 99 99 99 #gg4 ,we ?9k x some:at /range t ! object ( tea*+ by t]ror %\ld be attribut$ to ,m4 ,angelo m ?an to ,orcagna1 see+ t ! =m]1 ) 8 usual dignity1 has refus$ all repres5tation ( inf]nal puni%m5t--except 9 ! figure dragg$ d[n ) ! h& ov] ! face1 ! s]p5t bit+ ! ?igh1 & 9 ! fi5ds ( ! extreme angle2 :ile ,orcagna1 ^: int5tion may be conjectur$ ev5 f ,solazz9o's re/oration1 exhau/$ himself 9 detail+ ,dante's di/ribution ( torture1 & br+s into successive prom95ce e exp$i5t ( pa92 ! prong1 ! spit1 ! rack1 ! *a91 v5om\s fang & r5d+ beak1 h>r[+ po9t & divid+ edge1 bit+ fi5d & calc9+ fire4 ,! objects ( ! two great pa9t]s 7 inde$ oppos$1 b n 9 ?is respect4 ,orcagna's1 l t ( e great pa9t] ( 8 day1 0 to write ^u ! wall1 z 9 a book1 ! greate/ possible numb] ( ^? religi\s facts or doctr9es :i* ! ,*ur* desir$ %\ld be kn[n to ! p4 ,?is he did 9 ! simple/ & mo/ /raight=w>d way1 reg>dless ( arti/ical reputation1 & desir+ only to be read & und]/ood4 ,b ,mi*ael ,angelo's object 0 f ! beg9n+ t ( an arti/4 ,he addresses n ! sympa?ies ( 8 day1 b ! und]/&+ ( all "t1 & he treats ! subject 9 ! mode be/ adapt$ to br+ e "o ( 8 own p[]s into full play4 ,z might h be5 expect$1 :ile ! self-=getfulness ( ,orcagna has giv51 on ! "o h&1 an awfulness to 8 "w1 & v]ity1 :i* are want+ 9 ! /udi$ composition ( ! ,si/9e1 on ! o!r x has admitt$ a pu]ility comm5surate ) ! n>r[ness ( ! religion he _h to tea*4 #gh4 ,great] diff]5ces /ill result f ! oppos$ p[]s & idiosyncrasies ( ! two m54 ,orcagna 0 unable to draw ! nude--on ?is inability foll[$ a coldness to ! value ( fl[+ l9es1 & to ! p[] ( unity 9 composition--nei!r c\ld he indicate motion or buoyancy 9 fly+ or float+ figures1 nor express viol5ce ( action 9 ! limbs--he _c ev5 %[ ! diff]5ce betwe5 pull+ & pu%+ 9 ! muscles ( ! arm4 ,9 ,m4 ,angelo ^! conditions 7 directly rev]s$4 ,int5se s5sibility to ! maje/y ( wri?+1 fl[+1 & connect$ l9es1 0 9 him associat$ ) a p[]1 unequal$ except by ,angelico1 ( sugge/+ a]ial motion--motion delib]ate or di/urb$1 inh]5t or impress$1 impot5t or inspir$--ga!r+ into glory1 or gravitat+ to dea?4 ,orcagna 0 !re=e compell$ to range 8 figures symmetrically 9 ord]$ l9es1 :ile ,mi*ael ,angelo b\nd !m into *a9s1 or hurl$ !m into heaps1 or scatt]$ !m be=e him z ! w9d does leaves4 ,orcagna tru/$ = all 8 expression to ! c\nt5ance1 or to rudely expla9$ ge/ure aid$ by gr& fall ( drap]ies1 ?\gh 9 all ^! po9ts he 0 /ill immeasurably inf]ior to 8 colossal rival4 ,z = 8 embrac+ ! :ole _w ( passions :i* make up ! economy ( man1 he _h no su* p[] ( del9eation--nor1 we believe1 ( conception4 ,! expressions on ! inf]no side are all ( !m v>ieties ( grief & fe>1 diff]+ m]ely 9 degree1 n 9 "* or op]ation3 !re is some?+ dramatic 9 ! rais$ h& ( a man we>+ a gre5 bonnet ) a :ite plume--b ! only really f>-c>ri$ ef=t 9 ! gr\p is ! head ( a ,dom9ican monk 7j above ! que5 9 gre571 :o1 9 ! mid/ ( ! close cr[d1 /ruggl+1 %udd]+1 & h[l+ on e side1 is fix$ 9 quiet1 total despair1 ins5sible to all ?+s1 & seem+ly pois$ 9 exi/5ce & s5sation ^u t "o po9t 9 8 pa/ life :5 8 /eps fir/ took hold on hell2 ?is head1 :i* is oppos$ to a face di/ort$ by horror beside x1 is1 we repeat1 ! only highly wr\ght piece ( expression 9 ! gr\p4 #gi4 ,:at ,mi*ael ,angelo c\ld d by expression ( c\nt5ance alone1 let ! ,pieta ( ,g5oa tell1 or ! ,lor5zo1 or ! p>allel to ?is v head ( ,orcagna's1 ! face ( ! man borne d[n 9 ! ,la/ ,judgm5t ) ! h& cl5*$ ov] "o ( ! eyes4 ,nei!r 9 t fresco is he want+ 9 dramatic episode2 ! adaptation ( ! ,niobe on ! spectator's left h& is f> f9] ?an ,orcagna's condemn$ que5 & pr9cess2 ! gr\ps ris+ bel[1 side by side1 support+ ea* o!r1 are full ( t5d]ness1 & reciprocal devotion2 ! conte/ 9 ! c5t] = ! body :i* a demon drags d[n by ! hair is ano!r k9d ( qu>rel f t ( ,orcagna betwe5 a fea!r$ angel & bri/ly fi5d = a dim9utive s\l--rem9d+ u1 z x =cibly did at fir/1 ( a vocif]\s diff]5ce 9 op9ion betwe5 a cat & a cockatoo4 ,b ,buon>oti knew t x 0 useless to conc5trate int]e/ 9 ! c\nt5ances1 9 a picture ( enorm\s size1 ill light$2 & he pref]r$ giv+ full play to ! p[]s ( l9e-gr\p+1 = :i* he c\ld h f\nd no nobl] field4 ,let u n by unwise comp>ison m+le ) our admiration ( ^! two sublime works any s5se ( weakness 9 ! naivete ( ! "o1 or ( coldness 9 ! sci5ce ( ! o!r4 ,ea* pa9t] has 8 own suffici5t dom9ion1 & he :o compla9s ( ! want ( k 9 ,orcagna1 or ( ! display ( x 9 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 has probably br\ght little to 8 judgm5t ( ei!r4 #hj4 ,"o passage m we mu/ quote1 well wor?y ( rem>k 9 ^! days ( holl[ness & ha/e1 ?\gh we "q ! tru? ( ! p>ticul> fact /at$ 9 ! second volume respect+ ! %r9e ( ,or ,san ,mi*ele4 ,cem5t is n[ visible en\gh 9 all ! jo9ts1 b :e!r f rec5t repairs we _c say3-- ,!re is inde$ ano!r1 a te*nical m]it1 due to ,orcagna1 :i* ,i w\ld h m5tion$ e>li]1 did x n p>take s /rongly ( a moral virtue4 ,:atev] he und]took to d1 he did well--by :i* ,i mean1 bett] ?an anybody else4 ,8 ,loggia1 9 its g5]al /ructure & its provisions aga9/ injury f wet & decay1 is a model ( /r5g? no less ?an symmetry & elegance2 ! junction ( ! m>bles 9 ! tab]nacle ( ,or ,san ,mi*ele1 & ! exquisite manual workman%ip ( ! bas-reliefs1 h be5 ! !me ( praise = five c5turies2 8 colors 9 ! ,campo ,santo h ma9ta9$ a fre%ness unrival$ by ^? ( any ( 8 successors !re2--nay1 ev5 _h 8 mosaics be5 pres]v$ at ,orvieto1 ,i am confid5t ! commettitura w\ld be f\nd m compact & poli%$ ?an any previ\s to ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,! secret ( all ?is 0 t he made himself ?or\ghly an adept 9 ! me*anism ( ! respective arts1 & !re=e 8 works h /ood4 ,g5ius is too apt to ?9k h]self indep5d5t ( =m & matt]--nev] 0 !re su* a mi/ake2 %e _c slight ei!r )\t ham/r++ h]self4 ,b ! rule is ( univ]sal application2 )\t ?is ?or\gh ma/]y ( _! respective tools1 ?is det]m9ation hone/ly to make ! be/ use ( !m1 ! div9e1 ! soldi]1 ! /atesman1 ! philosoph]1 ! poet--h[ev] g5u9e _! en?usiasm1 h[ev] l(ty _! g5ius--are m]e empirics1 pret5d]s to cr[ns !y w n run =1 *ildr5 n m5--sport]s ) ,imag9ation1 trifl]s ) ,reason1 ) ! prospects ( humanity1 ) ,"t1 & ) ,god4--,vol4 iii41 pp4 #adh1 #adi4 99 99 99 ,a noble passage ?is1 & mo/ true1 provid$ we di/+ui% always betwe5 ma/]y ( tool toge!r ) ?or\gh /r5g? ( workman%ip1 & m]e neatness ( outside poli% or fitt+ ( measurem5t1 ( :i* anci5t ma/]s are d>+ly scornful4 #ha4 ,none ( ,orcagna's pupils1 except ,francisco ,tra9i1 atta9$ celebrity-- 99 99 99 no?+ 9 fact is kn[n ( !m except _! names4 ,_h _! works1 h[ev] inf]ior1 be5 pres]v$1 we might h _h less difficulty 9 e/abli%+ ! l9ks betwe5 himself & 8 successor 9 ! supremacy ( ! ,semi-,byzant9e s*ool at ,flor5ce1 ! ,beato ,fra ,angelico da ,fiesole4444 ,he 0 born at ,vic*io1 ne> ,flor5ce1 x is said 9 #achg1 & 0 baptiz$ by ! "n ( ,guido4 ,( a g5tle nature1 av]se to ! turmoil ( ! _w1 & pi\s to en?usiasm1 ?\gh z free f fanaticism z 8 y\? 0 innoc5t ( vice1 he det]m9$1 at ! age ( tw5ty1 ?\gh well provid$ = 9 a worldly po9t ( view1 to retire to ! cloi/]2 he pr(ess$ himself accord+ly a bro!r ( ! mona/]y ( ,s4 ,dom5ico at ,fiesole 9 #adjg1 assum+ 8 mona/ic "n f ! ,apo/le ( love1 ,s4 ,john4 ,he acquir$ f 8 resid5ce !re ! di/+ui%+ surname 'da ,fiesole2' & a calm] retreat = "o we>y ( e>? & desir\s ( comm]ce ) heav5 w\ld 9 va9 be s\ght =2--! purity ( ! atmosph]e1 ! fre%ness ( ! morn+ breeze1 ! />ry cle>ness & delici\s fragrance ( ! nights1 ! lovel9ess ( ! valley at "o's feet1 l5g!n+ out1 l a life ( happ9ess1 betwe5 ! ,ap5n9e & ! sea--) ! int]m+l+ s\nds t asc5d p]petually f bel[1 s(t5$ by di/ance into music1 & by an agreeable compromise at once giv+ a ze/ to solitude & *eat+ x ( its lonel9ess--r5d]+ ,fiesole a spot :i* angels might alight ^u by mi/ake 9 que/ ( p>adise1 a spot :]e x w\ld be at once sweet to live & sweet to die4--,vol4 iii41 pp4 #aea-aec4 99 99 99 #hb4 ,our read]s mu/ recollect t ! conv5t :]e ,fra ,giovanni fir/ resid$ is n t ^: belfry t[] & cypress grove cr[n ! top ( ,fesole4 ,! ,dom9ican conv5t is situat$ at ! bottom ( ! slope ( olives1 di/+ui%$ only by its n>r[ & l[ spire2 a cypress av5ue rec$es f x t[>ds ,flor5ce--a /ony pa?1 lead+ to ! anci5t ,badia ( ,fiesole1 desc5ds 9 front ( ! ?ree-ar*$ loggia :i* protects ! entrance to ! *ur*4 ,no ext5d$ prospect is op5 to x2 ?\gh ov] ! l[ wall1 & ?r\gh ! %>p1 ?ickset olive leaves1 may be se5 "o silv] gleam ( ! ,arno1 &1 at ev5+1 ! peaks ( ! ,c>r>a m\nta9s1 purple aga9/ ! twilight1 d>k & calm1 :ile ! fire-flies glance b5ea?1 sil5t & int]mitt5t1 l />s ^u ! rippl+ ( mute1 s(t sea4 99 99 99 ,x is by no means an easy task to adju/ ! *ronology ( ,fra ,angelico's works2 he has affix$ no dates to !m1 & consequ5tly1 :5 ext]nal evid5ce is want+1 we are ?r[n ^u int]nal1 :i* 9 8 case is unusually fallaci\s4 ,x is satisfactory !re=e to possess a fix$ date 9 #adcc1 ! ye> 9 :i* he pa9t$ ! great tab]nacle = ! ,company ( ,flax-m]*ants1 n[ remov$ to ! gall]y ( ! ,uffizii4 ,x repres5ts ! ,virg9 & *ild1 ) att5dant ,sa9ts1 on a gold gr\nd--v dignifi$ & noble1 al?\gh ! ,madonna has n atta9$ ! exquisite spirituality ( 8 lat] ef=ts4 ,r\nd ?is tab]nacle z a nucleus1 may be class$ a numb] ( pa9t+s1 all ( simil> excell5ce--admirable t is to say1 b n ( 8 v be/1 & 9 :i*1 if ,i mi/ake n1 ! type ( ! ,virg9 be>s ?r\gh\t a /rong family resemblance4--,vol4 iii41 pp4 #afj1 #afa4 99 99 99 #hc4 ,if ! pa9t] ev] increas$ 9 p[] aft] ?is p]iod 7he 0 !n =ty-?ree71 we h be5 unable to sy/ematize ! improvem5t4 ,we mu* d\bt :e!r1 9 8 modes ( execution1 advance 7 possible4 ,m5 ^: m]it lies 9 record ( natural facts1 increase 9 k2 & m5 ^: m]it is 9 dext]ity ( h& increase 9 facility2 b we mu* d\bt :e!r ! faculty ( design1 or =ce ( feel+1 increase aft] ! age ( tw5ty-five4 ,by ,fra ,angelico1 :o drew always 9 fe> & trembl+1 dext]\s execution _h be5 f ! fir/ repudiat$2 he nei!r ne$$ nor s\ght te*nical k ( ! =m1 & ! inspiration1 to :i* 8 p[] 0 ow+1 0 n less gl[+ 9 y\? ?an 9 age4 ,! inf]iority traceable 7we grant7 9 ?is ,madonna results n f its e>ly date1 b f ,fra ,angelico's incapability1 always visible1 ( draw+ ! head ( life size4 ,he is1 9 ?is respect1 ! exact rev]se ( ,giotto2 he 0 ess5tially a m9iature pa9t]1 & nev] atta9$ ! ma/]y ( muscul> play 9 ! features necess>y 9 a full-siz$ draw+4 ,8 habit1 almo/ con/ant1 ( surr\nd+ ! iris ( ! eye by a %>p black l9e1 is1 9 small figures1 p]fectly successful1 giv+ a transp>5cy & t5d]ness n o!rwise expressible4 ,b on a l>g] scale x gives a /ony />e to ! eyeball1 :i* n all ! t5d]ness ( ! br[ & m\? c conqu] or r$eem4 #hd4 ,fur!r1 9 ?is p>ticul> in/ance1 ! e> has by accid5t be5 set too f> back--7,fra ,angelico1 draw+ only f feel+1 0 liable to gross errors ( ?is k9d1--(t51 h[ev]1 m beautiful ?an o!r m5's tru?s7--& ! hair remov$ 9 consequ5ce too f> (f ! br[2 9 o!r respects ! face is v noble--/ill m s t ( ! ,*ri/4 ,! *ild /&s ^u ! ,virg9's knees1#i "o h& rais$ 9 ! usual attitude ( b5$iction1 ! o!r hold+ a globe4 ,! face looks /raight=w>d1 quiet1 ,jupit]-l1 & v sublime1 ow+ to ! smallness ( ! features 9 proportion to ! head1 ! eyes be+ plac$ at ab\t ?ree-sev5?s ( ! :ole height1 leav+ f\r-sev5?s = ! br[1 & !mselves only 9 l5g? ab\t "o-six? ( ! bread? ( ! face1 half clos$1 giv+ a peculi> appe>ance ( repose4 ,! hair is %ort1 gold51 symmetrically curl$1 /atuesque 9 its cont\r2 ! m\? t5d] & full ( life3 ! r$ cross ( ! glory ab\t ! head ( an int5se ruby enamel1 almo/ fire color2 ! dress br[n1 ) gold5 girdle4 ,9 all ! treatm5t ,fra ,angelico ma9ta9s 8 ass]tion ( ! au?ority ( ab/ract imag9ation1 :i*1 depriv+ 8 subject ( all mat]ial or actual be+1 contemplates x z reta9+ qualities et]nal only--adorn$ by incorporeal spl5dor4 ,! eyes ( ! behold] are sup]naturally unseal$3 & to ?is miracul\s vision :atev] is ( ! e>? vani%es1 & all ?+s are se5 end[$ ) an h>moni\s glory--! g>m5ts fall+ ) /range1 vision>y grace1 gl[+ ) indef9ite gold--! walls ( ! *amb] dazzl+ z ( a heav5ly city--! mortal =ms !mselves impress$ ) div9e *angelessness--no dome/icity--no je/--no anxiety--no expectation--no v>iety ( action or ( ?\ght4 ,love1 all fulfill+1 & v>i\s modes ( p[]1 are alone express$2 ! ,virg9 nev] %[s ! complac5cy or petty wat*fulness ( mat]nity2 %e sits s]5e1 support+ ! *ild :om %e ev] looks ^u1 z a /rang] among /rang]s2 ,behold ! h&maid ( ! ,"l =ev] writt5 ^u h] br[4 #he4 ,an approa* to an exception 9 treatm5t is f\nd 9 ! ,annunciation ( ! upp] corridor ( ,/4 ,m>k's1 mo/ unk9dly treat$ by our au?or3-- 99 99 99 ,probably ! e>lie/ ( ! s]ies--full ( faults1 b imbu$ ) ! sweete/ feel+2 !re is a look ( naive curiosity1 m+l+ ) ! mode/ & meek humility ( ! ,virg91 :i* almo/ provokes a smile4--iii41 #agf4 99 99 99 ,_m a ,sabba? ev5+ ( bright summ] h we pass$ 9 t lonely corridor--b n to ! f9d+ ( faults1 nor ! provok+ ( smiles4 ,! angel is p]haps some?+ less maje/ic ?an is usual ) ! pa9t]2 b ! ,virg9 is only ! m to be wor%ip$1 because "h1 = once1 set be=e u 9 ! v]ity ( life4 ,no gorge\s robe is ^u h]2 no lift$ ?rone set = h]2 ! gold5 bord] gleams fa9tly on ! d>k blue dress2 ! seat is drawn into ! %ad[ ( a l[ly loggia4 ,! face is ( no /range1 f>-s\ght lovel9ess2 ! features might ev5 be ?\ght h>d1 & !y are worn ) wat*+1 & sev]e1 ?\gh innoc5t4 ,%e /oops =w>d ) h] arms fold$ on h] bosom3 no ca/+ d[n ( eye nor %r9k+ ( ! frame 9 fe>2 %e is too e>ne/1 too self-=getful = ei!r3 wond] & inquiry are !re1 b *a/5$ & free f d\bt2 meekness1 yet m+l$ ) a pati5t maje/y2 peace1 yet sorr[fully seal$1 z if ! promise ( ! ,angel 7 already und]writt5 by ! prophecy ( ,simeon4 ,!y :o pass & repass 9 ! twilight ( t solemn corridor1 ne$ n ! adjuration inscrib$ b5ea?3-- ,virg9is intactae cum v5]is ante figuram ,praet]eundo cave ne sileatur ,ave4#aj ,we 9 g5]al all[ ! inf]iority ( ,angelico's fresco to 8 temp]a works2 yet ev5 t :i* ( all ^! latt] we ?9k ! mo/ radiant1 ! ,annunciation on ! reliqu>y ( ,santa ,m>ia ,novella1 w\ld1 we believe1 if repeat$ly comp>$ ) ?is ( ,/4 ,m>k's1 9 ! end h ! disadvantage4 ,! em95t value ( ! temp]a pa9t+s results p>tly f _! delicacy ( l9e1 & p>tly f ! purity ( color & =ce ( decoration ( :i* ! mat]ial is capable4 #hf4 ,! passage1 to :i* we h be=e allud$1 respect+ ,fra ,angelico's color 9 g5]al1 is "o ( ! mo/ curi\s & fanciful 9 ! "w3-- 99 99 99 ,8 color+1 on ! o!r h&1 is f> m beautiful1 al?\gh ( que/ionable brilliancy4 ,?is w be f\nd inv>iably ! case 9 m9ds con/itut$ l 84 ,_s & ,s5se act on ea* o!r ) liveli] reciprocity ! clos] _! approximation1 ! less int]v5tion !re is ( ,intellect4 ,h5ce ! mo/ religi\s & ! mo/ s5sual pa9t]s h always lov$ ! brighte/ colors--,spiritual ,expression & a cle>ly def9$ 7h[ev] inaccurate7 outl9e =m+ ! di/9ction ( ! =m] class2 ,animal ,expression & a confus$ & unc]ta9 outl9e 7reflect+ t lax morality :i* conf\nds ! limits ( light & d>kness1 "r & wrong7 ( ! latt]4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! m t ,intellect1 or ! _s ( ,=m1 int]v5es 9 its sev]e precision1 ! less pure1 ! pal] gr[ ! colors1 ! ne>] !y t5d to ! hue ( m>ble1 ( ! bas-relief4 ,we ?us f9d ! pure/ & brighte/ colors only 9 ,fra ,angelico's pictures1 ) a g5]al pr$om9ance ( blue1 :i* we h obs]v$ to prevail m or less 9 s _m ( ! ,semi-,byzant9e pa9t]s1 & :i*1 fanciful z x may appe>1 ,i _c b attribute1 indep5d5tly ( m]e tradition1 to an inh]5t1 in/9ctive sympa?y betwe5 _! m5tal con/itution & ! color 9 "q2 z t ( r$1 or ( blood1 may be obs]v$ to prevail among pa9t]s 9 :om ,s5se or ,nature pr$om9ates ov] ,_s--= 9 ?is1 z 9 all ?+s else1 ! moral & ! mat]ial _w respond to ea* o!r z closely z %ad[ & sub/ance4 ,b1 9 ,pa9t+ z 9 ,morals1 p]fection implies ! due int]v5tion ( ,intellect betwe5 ,_s & ,s5se--( ,=m betwe5 ,expression & ,color+--z a p[] at once controll+ & controll$--& !re=e1 al?\gh ackn[l$g+ its fasc9ation1 ,i _c unres]v$ly praise ! ,color+ ( ,fra ,angelico4--,vol4 iii41 pp4 #aic1 #aid4 99 99 99 #hg4 ,!re is mu* +5uity1 & "s tru?1 "h1 b ! read]1 z 9 o!r ( ,"l ,l9dsay's speculations1 mu/ receive 8 conclusions ) qualification4 ,x is ! natural "* ( /rong effects ( color1 z ( high light1 to confuse outl9es2 & x is a necessity 9 all f9e h>monies ( color t _m t9ts %\ld m]ge imp]ceptibly into _! foll[+ or succe$+ ones3--we believe ,"l ,l9dsay himself w\ld h>dly wi% to m>k ! hues ( ! ra9b[ into divid$ zones1 or to %[ its edge1 z ( an iron ar*1 aga9/ ! sky1 9 ord] t x might no long] reflect 7a reflection ( :i* we pr(ess ourselves up to ?is mom5t altoge!r unconsci\s7 t lax morality :i* conf\nds ! limits ( "r & wrong4 ,aga91 !re is a "* ( en]gy 9 all w>m colors1 z ( repose 9 cold1 :i* necess>ily causes ! =m] to be pref]r$ by pa9t]s ( savage subject--t is to say1 commonly by ! co>se/ & mo/ degrad$2--b :5 s5suality is free f f]ocity1 x leans to blue m ?an to r$ 7z especially 9 ! fle% t9ts ( ,guido71 & :5 intellect prevails ov] ?is s5suality1 its fir/ /ep is inv>iably to put m r$ into e color1 & s rubor e/ virtutis color4 ,we h>dly ?9k ,"l ,l9dsay w\ld will+ly include ,luca ,giordano among 8 spiritual pa9t]s1 ?\gh t arti/'s s]vant 0 mat]ially enri*$ by wa%+ ! ultram>9e f ! bru%es ) :i* he pa9t$ ! ,ric>di palace2 nor w\ld he1 we believe1 degrade ,ghirl&ajo to fell[%ip ) ! h]d ( ! s5sual1 ?\gh 9 ! fresco ( ! vision ( ,za*>ias !re are sev5te5 diff]5t r$s 9 l>ge masses1 & n a %ade ( blue4 ,! fact is1 !re is no color ( ! spectrum1 z !re is no note ( music1 ^: key & preval5ce may n be made pure 9 expression1 & elevat+ 9 influ5ce1 by a great & good pa9t]1 or degrad$ to unhall[$ purpose by a base "o4 #hh4 ,we are sorry t our au?or _c unres]v$ly praise ! color+ ( ,angelico2 b he is aga9 curb$ by 8 unhappy sy/em ( balanc$ p]fectibility1 & mu/ qu>rel ) ! g5tle monk because he f9ds n 9 him ! flames ( ,giorgione1 nor ! temp]+ ( ,titian1 nor ! melody ( ,cagli>i4 ,?is curb ( p]fection we took betwe5 our tee? f ! fir/1 & we w give up our he>ts to ,angelico )\t drawback or res]vation4 ,8 color is1 9 its sph]e & to its purpose1 z p]fect z human "w may be3 wr\ght to radiance beyond t ( ! ruby & opal1 its in>tificialness prev5ts x f arre/+ ! att5tion x is int5d$ only to direct2 7 x compos$ ) m sci5ce x w\ld become vulg> f ! loss ( its unconsci\sness2 if ri*]1 x mu/ h p>t$ ) its purity1 if deep]1 ) its joyfulness1 if m subdu$1 ) its s9c]ity4 ,passages are1 inde$1 sometimes unsuccessful2 b x is to be judg$ 9 its rapture1 & =giv5 9 its fall3 he :o works by law & sy/em may be blam$ :5 he s9ks bel[ ! l9e above :i* he proposes no elevation1 b to him ^: eyes are on a m>k f> (f1 & ^: ef=ts are impulsive1 & to ! utmo/ ( 8 /r5g?1 we may n unk9dly c\nt ! slips ( 8 sometime desc5t into ! valley ( humiliation4 #hi4 ,! conclud+ notice ( ,angelico is true & int]e/+1 ?\gh r5d]$ obscure by useless recurr5ce to ! favorite !ory4 99 99 99 ,su* are ! surviv+ works ( a pa9t]1 :o has rec5tly be5 z unduly extoll$ z he _h = ?ree c5turies pa/ be5 unduly depreciat$1--depreciat$1 ?r\gh ! amalgamation dur+ ^? c5turies ( ! pr9ciple ( :i* he 0 ! repres5tative ) bas]1 or at lea/ less preci\s matt]--extoll$1 ?r\gh ! recurr5ce to t pr9ciple1 9 its pure1 unsophi/icat$ ess5ce1 9 ! pres5t --9 a ^w1 to ! simple ,imag9ative ,*ri/ianity ( ! middle ages1 z oppos$ to ! complex ,reason+ ,*ri/ianity ( rec5t times4 ,cre$s !re=e are at issue1 & no exclusive p>tisan1 nei!r ,ca?olic nor ,prote/ant 9 ! absolute s5se ( ! t]ms1 c fairly appreciate ,fra ,angelico4 ,nev]!less1 to ^? :o reg>d society z progressive ?r\gh ! gradual developm5t ( ! compon5t elem5ts ( human nature1 & :o believe t ,provid5ce has accommodat$ ! m9d ( man1 individually1 to ! p]ception ( half-tru?s only1 9 ord] to create t antagonism f :i* ,tru? is g5]at$ 9 ! ab/ract1 & by :i* ! progression is effect$1 8 rank & position 9 art are cle> & def9ite4 ,all t ,_s c\ld a*ieve by h]self1 ant]ior to t /ruggle ) ,intellect & ,s5se :i* %e mu/ 9 all cases pass ?r\gh 9 ord] to "w out h] de/9y1 0 accompli%$ by him4 ,la/ & mo/ gift$ ( a long & imag9ative race--! heir ( _! exp]i5ce1 ) collat]al advantages :i* !y possess$ n--& fl\ri%+ at ! mom5t :5 ! transition 0 actually tak+ place f ! y\? to ! e>ly manhood ( ,europe2 he gave full1 unres]v$1 & en?usia/ic expression to t ,love & ,hope :i* _h w+$ ! ,fai? ( ,*ri/5dom 9 h] flight t[>ds heav5 = f\rte5 c5turies1--to ^? ye>n+s ( ! ,he>t & ! ,imag9ation :i* ev] prec$e1 9 ,univ]sal z well z ,individual developm5t1 ! sev]] & m *a/5$ intellig5ce ( ,reason4--,vol4 iii41 pp4 #ahh-aij4 99 99 99 #ij4 ,we mu/ aga9 repeat t if our au?or wi%es to be truly s]viceable to ! s*ools ( ,engl&1 he mu/ express himself 9 t]ms requir+ less labori\s translation4 ,cle>+ ! above /atem5t ( its my/icism & metaphor1 x am\nts only to ?is1--t ,fra ,angelico 0 a man ( 7humanly speak+7 p]fect piety--humility1 *>ity1 & fai?--t he nev] employ$ 8 art b z a means ( express+ 8 love to ,god & man1 & ) ! view1 s+le1 simple1 & /raight=w>d1 ( glory to ! ,creator1 & good to ! ,creature4 ,e quality or subject ( art by :i* ^! ends 7 n to be atta9$1 or to be atta9$ second>ily only1 he reject$2 f all /udy ( art1 z su*1 he )drew2 :atev] might m]ely please ! eye1 or int]e/ ! intellect1 he despis$1 & refus$2 he us$ 8 colors & l9es1 z ,david 8 h>p1 aft] a k+ly fa%ion1 = purposes ( praise & n ( sci5ce4 ,to ?is grace & gift ( hol9ess 7 add$1 ^? ( a f]v5t imag9ation1 vivid inv5tion1 ke5 s5se ( lovel9ess 9 l9es & colors1 unwe>i$ en]gy1 & to all ^! gifts ! cr[n+ "o ( quietness ( life & m9d1 :ile yet 8 conv5t-cell 0 at fir/ )9 view1 & aft]w>ds 9 ! c5t]1 ( a city :i* _h lead ( all ! _w 9 ,intellect1 & 9 ^: /reets he might see daily & h\rly ! noble/ sett+ ( manly features4 ,x w\ld p]haps be well to wait until we f9d ano!r man ?us actuat$1 ?us end[$1 & ?us circum/anc$1 be=e we speak ( unduly extoll+ ! works ( ,fra ,angelico4 #ia4 ,8 arti/ical atta9m5ts1 z might be conjectur$1 are no?+ m ?an ! developm5t1 ?r\gh practice1 ( 8 natural p[]s 9 accordance ) 8 sacr$ in/9cts4 ,8 p[] ( expression by bodily ge/ure is great] ev5 ?an ,giotto's1 :]ev] he c\ld feel or compreh5d ! passion to be express$2 b s inh]5t 9 him 0 8 holy tranquillity ( m9d1 t he c\ld n by any ex]tion1 ev5 = a mom5t1 conceive ei!r agitation1 d\bt1 or fe>--& all ! actions proce$+ f su* passions1 or1 a =tiori1 f any yet m crim9al1 are absurdly & p[]lessly portray$ by him2 :ile contr>iwise1 e ge/ure1 consi/5t ) emotion pure & sa9tly1 is r5d]$ ) an int5sity ( tru? to :i* !re is no exi/+ p>allel2 ! expression be+ c>ri$ out into e b5d ( ! h&1 e undulation ( ! arm1 %\ld]1 & neck1 e fold ( ! dress & e wave ( ! hair4 ,8 draw+ ( movem5t is subject to ! same influ5ce2 vulg> or vici\s motion he _c repres5t2 8 runn+1 fall+1 or /ruggl+ figures are drawn ) *ildi% incapability2 b give him = 8 sc5e ! pavem5t ( heav51 or pa/ures ( ,p>adise1 & = 8 subject ! in(f5sive pace ( glorifi$ s\ls1 or ! spiritual spe$ ( ,angels1 & ,mi*ael ,angelo alone c cont5d ) him 9 maje/y1--9 grace & musical cont9u\sness ( motion1 no "o4 ,! inspiration 0 9 "s degree caught by 8 pupil ,b5ozzo1 b !nce=w>d =ev] lo/4 ,! angels ( ,p]ug9o appe> to be let d[n by cords & mov$ by wires2 t ( ,titian1 9 ! sacrifice ( ,isaac1 kicks l an awkw>d swimm]2 ,raphael's ,moses & ,elias ( ! ,transfiguration are cramp$ at ! knees2 & ! flight ( ,dom5i*9o's angels is a sprawl p>alyz$4 ,! au?ority ( ,t9toret ov] movem5t is1 on ! o!r h&1 too unlimit$2 ! desc5t ( 8 angels is ! swoop ( a :irlw9d or ! fall ( a ?und]bolt2 8 mortal impulses are (t5] impetu\s ?an pa!tic1 & maje/ic m ?an melodi\s4 #ib4 ,b x is difficult by words to convey to ! read] unacqua9t$ ) ,angelico's works1 any idea ( ! ?\ghtful v>iety ( 8 r5d]+ ( movem5t--,e>ne/ ha/e ( gird$ fai? 9 ! ,flight into ,egypt1 ! ha/e ( ob$i5ce1 n ( fe>2 & unwe>i$ness1 b ?r\gh spiritual support1 & n 9 human /r5g?--,swift ob$i5ce ( passive e>? to ! call ( its ,creator1 9 ! ,resurrection ( ,laz>us--,m>* ( m$itative gladness 9 ! foll[+ ( ! ,apo/les d[n ! ,m\nt ( ,olives--,ru% ( adoration break+ ?r\gh ! *a9s & %ad[s ( dea?1 9 ! ,spirits 9 ,prison4 ,pac+ ( mighty angels above ! ,firmam5t1 pois$ on _! upright w+s1 half op5$1 broad1 bright1 quiet1 l ea/]n cl\ds be=e ! sun is up2--or go+ =?1 ) timbrels & ) dances1 ( s\ls m ?an conqu]ors1 beside ! %ore ( ! la/ great ,r$ ,sea1 ! sea ( glass m+l$ ) fire1 h& knit ) h&1 & voice ) voice1 ! joyful w9ds ( heav5 foll[+ ! measure ( _! motion1 & ! fl[]s ( ! new e>? look+ on1 l />s paus+ 9 _! c\rses4 #ic4 ,& yet all ?is is b ! l[e/ "p & n>r[e/ rea* ( ,angelico's conceptions4 ,joy & g5tl5ess1 pati5ce & p[]1 he c\ld indicate by ge/ure--b ,devotion c\ld be told by ! c\nt5ance only4 ,!re seems to h be5 always a /]n limit by :i* ! ?\ghts ( o!r m5 7 /ay$2 ! religion t 0 pa9t$ ev5 by ,p]ug9o1 ,francia1 & ,bell9i1 0 f9ite 9 its _s--! religion ( e>?ly be+s1 *eck$1 n inde$ by ! corruption1 b by ! veil & ! sorr[ ( clay4 ,b ) ,fra ,angelico ! glory ( ! c\nt5ance rea*es to actual transfiguration2 eyes t see no m d>kly1 incapable ( all te>s1 =eheads flam+1 l ,bel%azz>'s m>ble wall1 ) ! writ+ ( ! ,fa!r's "n ^u !m1 lips tremul\s ) love1 & crimson ) ! light ( ! coals ( ! alt>--& all ?is lovel9ess1 ?us en?usia/ic & ineffable1 yet seal$ ) ! /ability :i* ! com+ & go+ ( ages z c\ntless z sea-s& _c dim nor we>y1 & ba!d by an ev] fl[+ riv] ( holy ?\ght1 ) ,god = its s\rce1 ,god = its %ore1 & ,god = its ocean4 #id4 ,we speak 9 no inconsid]ate en?usiasm4 ,we feel assur$ t to any p]son ( j feel+ :o devotes suffici5t "t to ! exam9ation ( ^! works1 all t]ms ( description mu/ seem d]ogatory4 ,:]e su* ends z ^! h be5 rea*$1 x ill becomes u to speak ( m9or defici5cies z ei!r to be blam$ or regrett$3 x _c be det]m9$ h[ f> ev5 :at we deprecate may be accessory to our delight1 nor by :at intricate involution :at we deplore may be connect$ ) :at we love4 ,e good t nature h]self be/[s1 or accompli%es1 is giv5 ) a c\nt]poise1 or ga9$ at a sacrifice2 nor is x to be expect$ ( ,man t he %\ld w9 ! h>de/ battles & tread ! n>r[e/ pa?s1 )\t ! betrayal ( a weakness1 or ! ackn[l$gm5t ( an error4 #ie4 ,) ?is f9al w>n+ aga9/ our au?or's hesitat+ approbation ( :at is greate/ & be/1 we mu/ close our specific exam9ation ( ! mode 9 :i* 8 design has be5 work$ out4 ,we h done en\gh to set ! read] ^u 8 gu>d aga9/ :atev] appe>s slight or inconsid]ate 9 8 !ory or /atem5ts1 & ) ! m sev]ity1 because ?is 0 alone want+ to r5d] ! book "o ( ! mo/ valuable gifts :i* ,art has ev] receiv$4 ,( ! translations f ! lives ( ! sa9ts we h h>dly spok52 !y are gracefully r5d]$1 & all ( !m highly int]e/+--b we c\ld wi% to see ^!1 & ! enum]ations ( fresco subjects#aa ) :i* ! o!r volumes are 9 great "p occupi$1 publi%$ sep>ately = ! conv5i5ce ( travel]s 9 ,italy4 ,!y are some?+ out ( place 9 a "w l t be=e u4 ,= ! re/1 we might h m int]e/$ ! read]1 & gratifi$ ourselves1 by sett+ be=e him "s ( ! _m passages ( t5d] feel+ & e>ne/ eloqu5ce ) :i* ! volumes are replete--b we felt x necess>y r to anticipate ! hesitation ) :i* !y 7 liable to be receiv$1 & set limits to ! halo ( fancy by :i* _! light is obscur$--?\gh enl>g$4 ,"o or two p>agraphs1 h[ev]1 ( ! clos+ *apt] mu/ be giv5 be=e we "p3-- 99 99 99 #if4 ,:at a sc5e ( beauty1 :at a fl[]-g>d5 ( art--h[ bright & h[ v>i$--mu/ ,italy h pres5t$ at ! comm5cem5t ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 at ! dea? ( ,raphael6 ,! sacrileges we lam5t took place = ! mo/ "p aft] t p]iod2 hundr$s ( frescoes1 n m]ely ( ,giotto & ^? o!r eld]s ( ,*ri/ian ,art1 b ( ,g5tile da ,fabriano1 ,pietro della ,francesca1 ,p]ug9o & _! compe]s1 7 /ill exi/+1 *>m+ ! eye1 elevat+ ! m9d1 & w>m+ ! he>t4 ,n[ alas6 few comp>atively & fad+ are ! relics ( ^? great & good m54 ,:ile ,dante's voice r+s z cle> z ev]1 commun+ ) u z fri5d ) fri5d1 !irs is dy+ gradually away1 fa9t] & fa9t]1 l ! f>ewell ( a _s4 ,flak+ (f ! walls1 unc>$ = & neglect$ save 9 a few r>e in/ances1 sc>ce "o ( _! frescoes w survive ! c5tury1 & ! labors ( ! next may n improbably be direct$ to ! recov]y & re/oration ( su* z may /ill slumb] b5ea? ! :itewa% & ! daubs ) :i* ! ,bronz9os & ,zuc*]os 'et id g5us omne' h unconsci\sly seal$ !m up = po/]ity--_! be/ title to our gratitude4--,b :y n beg9 at once8 at all ev5ts 9 ! in/ances numb]less1 :]e m]ely :itewa% int]poses betwe5 u & !m4 ,x is easy to reply--:at ne$ ( ?is8 ,!y--! arti/s--h ,moses & ! prophets1 ! frescoes ( ,raphael & ,mi*ael ,angelo--let !m /udy !m4 ,d\btless1--b we /ill reply1 & ) no impiety--!y w n rep5t1 !y w n =sake _! idols & _! evil ways--!y w n ab&on ,s5se = ,_s1 oils = fresco--unless ^! great ones ( ! pa/1 ^! ,sleep]s ( ,ephesus1 arise f ! dead4444 ,x is n by /udy+ art 9 its p]fection--by wor%ip+ ,raphael & ,mi*ael ,angelo exclusively ( all o!r excell5ce--t we c expect to rival !m1 b by re-asc5d+ to ! f\nta9-head--by plant+ ourselves z acorns 9 ! gr\nd ^? oaks are root$ 91 & gr[+ up to _! level--9 a ^w1 by /udy+ ,duccio & ,giotto t we may pa9t l ,taddeo di ,b>tolo & ,masaccio1 ,taddeo di ,b>tolo & ,masaccio t we may pa9t l ,p]ug9o & ,luca ,signorelli1 ,p]ug9o & ,luca ,signorelli t we may pa9t l ,raphael & ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,& :y despair ( ?is1 or ev5 ( %am+ ! ,vatican8 ,= ) g5ius & ,god's bless+ no?+ is impossible4 ,i w\ld n be a bl9d p>tisan1 b1 ) all _! faults1 ! old ma/]s ,i plead = knew h[ to t\* ! he>t4 ,x may be difficult at fir/ to believe ?is2 l *ildr51 !y are %y ) u--l /rang]s1 !y be> an unc\? mi5 & aspect--l gho/s f ! o!r _w1 !y h an awkw>d habit ( %ock+ our conv5tionalities ) home tru?s4 ,b ) ! dead z ) ! liv+ all dep5ds on ! frankness ) :i* we greet !m1 ! s9c]ity ) :i* we cr$it _! k9dly qualities2 sympa?y is ! key to tru?--we mu/ love1 9 ord] to appreciate4--iii41 p4 #dah4 99 99 99 #ig4 ,^! are beautiful s5t5ces2 yet ?is let ! "y pa9t] ( ^! days rememb] always1 t :omsoev] he may love1 or f :omsoev] le>n1 he c n[ no m g back to ^? h\rs ( infancy & be born aga94#ab ,ab\t ! fai?1 ! que/ion+ & ! tea*+ ( *ildhood !re is a joy & grace1 :i* we may (t5 envy1 b c no m assume3--! voice & ! ge/ure mu/ n be imitat$ :5 ! innoc5ce is lo/4 ,incapability & ignorance 9 ! act ( be+ /ruggl$ aga9/ & ca/ away are (t5 end[$ ) a peculi> *>m--b bo? are only contemptible :5 !y are pret5d$4 ,:atev] we h n[ to d1 we may be sure1 fir/1 t its /r5g? & life mu/ be drawn f ! real nature ) u & ab\t u always1 & secondly1 t1 if wor? do+1 x w be some?+ altoge!r diff]5t f :at has ev] be5 done be=e4 ,! visions ( ! cloi/] mu/ dep>t ) its sup]/iti\s peace--! quick1 appreh5sive symbolism ( e>ly ,fai? mu/ yield to ! ab/ract tea*+ ( discipl9$ ,reason4 ,:atev] else we may deem ( ! ,progress ( ,nations1 "o "* ( t progress is det]m9$ & disc]nible4 ,z 9 ! encroa*+ ( ! l& ^u ! sea1 ! /r5g? ( ! s&y ba/ions is rais$ out ( ! sift$ ru9 ( anci5t inl& hills--= e tongue ( level l& t /ret*es into ! deep1 ! fall ( ,alps has be5 he>d among ! cl\ds1 & z ! fields ( indu/ry enl>ge1 ! int]c\rse ) ,heav5 is %ort5$4 ,let x n be d\bt$ t z ?is *ange is inevitable1 s x is exp$i5t1 ?\gh ! =m ( tea*+ adopt$ & ( duty prescrib$ be less my?ic & contemplative1 m active & unassi/$3 = ! light ( ,transfiguration on ! ,m\nta9 is sub/itut$ ! ,fire ( ,coals ^u ! ,%ore1 & on ! *>ge to he> ! ,%eph]d1 foll[s t to fe$ ! ,%eep4 ,d\btful we may be = a "t1 & app>5tly des]t$2 b if1 z we wait1 we /ill look =w>d ) /eadfa/ w & humble he>t1 s t our ,hope = ! ,future may be f$1 n dull$ or div]t$ by our ,love = ! ,pa/1 we %all n long be left )\t a ,guide3--! way w be op5$1 ! ,precursor appo9t$--! ,h\r w come1 & ! ,man4 ,,footnotes3 #d ,?is essay is a review ( two books by ,"l ,l9dsay1 viz41 ,progression by ,antagonism1 publi%$ 9 #ahdf1 & ! ,sket*es ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,*ri/ian ,art1 :i* appe>$ 9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,x is1 ) ! pap] on ,sir ,c4 ,ea/lake's ,hi/ory ( ,oil ,pa9t+1 "o ( ! v few anonym\s writ+s ( its au?or4 ,i nev] felt at ease 7says ,mr4 ,rusk91 9 speak+ ( anonym\s criticism7 9 my graduate incognito1 & al?\gh ,i cons5t$1 "s n9e ye>s ago1 to review ,"l ,l9dsay's ',*ri/ian ,art1' & ,sir ,*>les ,ea/lake's ',essay on ,oil ,pa9t+1' 9 ! ,qu>t]ly1 ,i h ev] s9ce /eadily refus$ to write ev5 = t once respectable p]iodical 7,academy ,notes1 ,no4 ,,ii41 #ahef74 ,= ,mr4 ,rusk9's e/imate ( ,"l ,l9dsay's "w1 see ! ,eagle's ,ne/1 ,sec4 #df1 & ,val d',arno1 ,sec4 #bfd1 :]e he speaks ( him z 8 fir/ ma/] 9 ,italian art4--,,ed4 #e ,) "o exception 7see p4 #be7 ! quotations f ,"l ,l9dsay are always f ! ,*ri/ian ,art4--,,ed4 #f ,! read] mu/ rememb] t ?is arcade 0 orig9ally q op51 ! inn] wall hav+ be5 built aft] ! fire1 9 #aegd4 #g ,an ,hi/orical ,essay on ,ar*itecture by ! late ,?omas ,hope4 7,murray1 #ahce7 *ap1 iv41 pp4 #bc-ca4 #h ,at ! feet ( 8 ,madonna1 9 ! ,gall]y ( ,bologna4 #i ,9 _m pictures ( ,angelico1 ! ,infant ,*ri/ appe>s self-support$--! ,virg9 n t\*+ ! *ild4 #aj ,! upp] inscription ,"l ,l9dsay has misquot$--x runs ?us3-- ,salve ,mat] ,pietatis ,et ,totius ,tr9itatis ,nobile ,tricl9ium4 #aa ,we h be5 mu* surpris$ by ! au?or's frequ5t ref]5ce to ,las9io's engrav+s ( v>i\s frescoes1 unaccompani$ by any w>n+ ( _! inaccuracy4 ,no "w ( ,las9io's c be tru/$ = any?+ except ! numb] & relative position ( ! figures4 ,all ma/]s are by him translat$ into "o monotony ( commonplace3--he dilutes eloqu5ce1 educates naivete1 prompts ignorance1 /ultifies intellig5ce1 & p>alyzes p[]2 takes ! *ill (f horror1 ! edge (f wit1 & ! bloom (f beauty4 ,9 all arti/ical po9ts he is utt]ly valueless1 nei!r draw+ nor expression be+ ev] pres]v$ by him4 ,giotto1 ,b5ozzo1 or ,ghirl&ajo are all alike to him2 & we h>dly "k :e!r he injures mo/ :5 he robs or :5 he r$resses4 #ab ,we d n p]haps en\gh e/imate ! assi/ance :i* 0 once giv5 bo? to purpose & p]ception1 by ! feel+ ( wond] :i* ) u is de/roy$ p>tly by ! ceaseless calls ^u x1 p>tly by our habit ( ei!r discov]+ or anticipat+ a reason = ev]y?+4 ,( ! simplicity & ready surprise ( he>t :i* support$ ! _s ( ! old] pa9t]s1 an int]e/+ example is se5 9 ! di>y ( ,alb]t ,du]]1 lately publi%$ 9 a "w e way valuable1 b especially s 9 ! c>efulness & ri*ness ( its illu/rations1 ,div]s ,works ( ,e>ly ,ma/]s 9 ,*ri/ian ,decoration1 edit$ by ,john ,weale1 ,london1 #b vols4 folio1 #ahdf4 ,,ea/lake',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,oil-,,pa9t+4#ac #ih4 ,! /rang] 9 ,flor5ce :o = ! fir/ "t passes ?r\gh ! iron gate :i* op5s f ! ,gre5 ,cloi/] ( ,santa ,m>ia ,novella into ! ,spezi]ia1 c h>dly fail ( be+ surpris$1 & t p]haps pa9fully1 by ! sudd5ness ( ! transition f ! sil5ce & gloom ( ! mona/ic inclosure1 its pavem5t r\gh ) epitaphs1 & its walls reta9+1 /ill legible1 ?\gh crumbl+ & mildew$1 _! imag$ records ( ,scripture ,hi/ory1 to ! activity ( a traffic n less frivol\s ?an fl\ri%+1 conc]n$ almo/ exclusively ) ! appliances ( bodily adornm5t or luxury4 ,yet p]haps1 on a mom5t's reflection1 ! rose-leaves scatt]$ on ! floor1 & ! air fill$ ) odor ( myrtle & myrrh1 aloes & cassia1 may ar\se associations ( a diff]5t & m elevat$ "*2 ! prep>ation ( ^! preci\s p]fumes may seem n altoge!r unfitt+ ! h&s ( a religi\s bro!rhood--or if ?is %\ld n be conc$$1 at all ev5ts x mu/ be matt] ( rejoic+ to obs]ve ! evid5ce ( intellig5ce & en]gy int]rupt+ ! apa?y & languor ( ! cloi/]2 nor w ! in/itution be reg>d$ ) o!r ?an respect1 z well z gratitude1 :5 x is rememb]$ t1 z to ! conv5t libr>y we owe ! pres]vation ( anci5t lit]ature1 to ! conv5t laboratory we owe ! duration ( m$iaeval art4 #ii4 ,x is at fir/ ) surprise n altoge!r dissimil>1 t we f9d a pa9t] ( ref9$ feel+ & deep ?\ghtfulness1 aft] manife/+ 9 8 works ! mo/ s9c]e affection = :at is highe/ 9 ! rea* ( 8 art1 devot+ himself = ye>s 7!re is pro( ( ?is 9 ! "w be=e u7 to ! /udy ( ! me*anical prep>ation ( its appliances1 & :atev] docum5t>y evid5ce exi/s respect+ _! anci5t use4 ,b x is ) a revulsion ( feel+ m entire1 t we p]ceive ! value ( ! results obta9$--! accuracy ( ! v>i$ k by :i* _! sequ5ce has be5 e/abli%$--& above all1 _! imm$iate be>+ ^u ! practice & promise ( ! s*ools ( our own day4 ,opposite errors1 we "k n :i* ! lea/ p>donable1 b bo? c]ta9ly productive ( great h>m1 h f "t to "t possess$ ! ma/]s ( mod]n art4 ,x has be5 held by "s t ! great e>ly pa9t]s ow$ ! l>g] measure ( _! p[] to secrets ( mat]ial & me?od1 & t ! discov]y ( a lo/ vehicle or =gott5 process might at any "t accompli% ! reg5]ation ( a fall5 s*ool4 ,by o!rs x has be5 ass]t$ t all que/ions respect+ mat]ials or manipulation are idle & imp]t95t2 t ! me?ods ( ! old] ma/]s 7 ei!r ( no peculi> value1 or are /ill 9 our p[]2 t a great pa9t] is indep5d5t ( all b ! simple/ me*anical aids1 & demon/rates 8 greatness by scorn ( sy/em & c>elessness ( means4 #ajj4 ,x is evid5t t s long z incapability c\ld %ield itself "u ! fir/ ( ^! cre$s1 or presumption v9dicate itself by ! second2 s long z ! feeble pa9t] c\ld lay 8 faults on 8 palette & 8 panel2 & ! self-conceit$ pa9t]1 f ! assum$ id5tity ( mat]ials proce$ to inf] equality ( p[]--7= we believe t 9 mo/ in/ances ^? :o d5y ! evil ( our pres5t me?ods w d5y also ! weakness ( our pres5t works7--little good c\ld be expect$ f ! tea*+ ( ! ab/ract pr9ciples ( ! art2 & less1 if possible1 f ! example ( any me*anical qualities1 h[ev] admirable1 ^: means might be suppos$ irrecov]able on ! "o h&1 or indet]m9ate on ! o!r1 or ( any excell5ce conceiv$ to h be5 ei!r summon$ by an incantation1 or /ruck out by an accid5t4 ,& ( late1 among our lead+ ma/]s1 ! loss has n be5 m]ely ( ! sy/em ( ! anci5ts1 b ( all sy/em :atsoev]3 ! great] numb] pa9t z if ! virtue ( oil pigm5t 7 its opacity1 or z if its p[] dep5d$ on its poli%2 ( ! re/1 no two agree 9 use or *oice ( mat]ials2 n _m are consi/5t ev5 9 _! own practice2 & ! mo/ zeal\s & e>ne/1 !re=e ! mo/ discont5t$1 rea*+ impati5tly & desp]ately aft] bett] ?+s1 pur*ase ! mom5t>y satisfaction ( _! feel+s by ! sacrifice ( security ( surface & durability ( hue4 ,! walls ( our gall]ies are = ! mo/ "p divid$ betwe5 pictures ^: dead coat+ ( consi/5t pa9t1 laid on ) a heavy h& & a cold he>t1 secures = !m ! /ability ( dullness & ! safety ( m$iocrity2 & pictures ^: reckless & exp]im5tal brilliancy1 unequal 9 its result z lawless 9 its means1 is z evanesc5t z ! du/ ( an insect's w+1 & pres5ts 9 its *ief p]fections s _m subjects ( future regret4 #aja4 ,b if ^! evils n[ cont9ue1 x c only be ?r\gh ra%ness :i* no example c w>n1 or ?r\gh apa?y :i* no hope c /imulate1 = ,mr4 ,ea/lake has alike )drawn lic5se f exp]im5talism & apology f indol5ce4 ,he has done away ) all leg5ds ( =gott5 secrets2 he has %[n t ! ma/]s ( ! great ,flemi% & e>ly ,v5etian s*ools possess$ no means1 foll[$ no me?ods1 b su* z we may /ill obta9 & pursue2 b he has %[n also1 among all ^! ma/]s1 ! mo/ admirable c>e 9 ! prep>ation ( mat]ials & ! mo/ simple consi/5cy 9 _! use2 he has %[n t _! excell5ce 0 rea*$1 & c\ld only h be5 rea*$1 by /]n & exact sci5ce1 condesc5d+ to ! obs]vance1 c>e1 & conque/ ( ! mo/ m9ute physical p>ticul>s & h9drances2 t ! greate/ ( !m nev] despis$ an aid nor avoid$ a difficulty4 ,! loss ( imag9ative lib]ty sometimes involv$ 9 a too scrupul\s att5tion to me?ods ( execution is trivial comp>$ to ! evils result+ f a c>eless or ineffici5t practice4 ,! modes 9 :i*1 ) e great pa9t]1 realization falls %ort ( conception are necess>ily s _m & s griev\s1 t he c ill af=d to und]go ! additional disc\ragem5t caus$ by unc]ta9 me?ods & bad mat]ials4 ,n only s1 b ev5 ! *oice ( subjects1 ! am\nt ( completion attempt$1 nay1 ev5 ! modes ( conception & measure ( tru? are 9 no small degree involv$ 9 ! great "q ( mat]ials4 ,on ! habitual use ( a light or d>k gr\nd may dep5d ! pa9t]'s pref]5ce ( a broad & fai?ful1 or p>tial & sc5ic *i>oscuro2 correspond5t ) ! facility or fatality ( alt]ations1 may be ! ex]cise ( indol5t fancy1 or discipl9$ inv5tion2 & to ! complexities ( a sy/em requir+ "t1 pati5ce1 & succession ( process1 may be ow+ ! conv]sion ( ! ready draughtsman into ! resolute pa9t]4 ,f>!r ?an ?is1 :o %all say h[ unconqu]able a b>ri] to all self-d5y+ ef=t may exi/ 9 ! consci\sness t ! be/ t is accompli%$ c la/ b a few ye>s1 & t ! pa9t]'s travail mu/ p]i% ) 8 life8 #ajb4 ,x _c h be5 )\t /rong s5se ( ?is1 ! true dignity & relation ( 8 subject1 t ,mr4 ,ea/lake has gone ?r\gh a toil f> m irksome1 f> less selfi% ?an any he c\ld h und]gone 9 ! practice ( 8 art4 ,! value :i* we atta* to ! volume dep5ds1 h[ev]1 r on its preceptive ?an its antiqu>ian "*4 ,z objects ( hi/orical inquiry m]ely1 we _c conceive any que/ions less int]e/+ ?an ^? relat+ to me*anical op]ations g5]ally1 nor any honors less wor?y ( prolong$ dispute ?an ^? :i* are gr\nd$ m]ely on ! inv5tion or amelioration ( processes & pigm5ts4 ,! subject c only become hi/orically int]e/+ :5 ! means asc]ta9$ to h be5 employ$ at any p]iod are consid]$ 9 _! op]ation ^u or procession f ! arti/ical aim ( su* p]iod1 ! "* ( its *os5 subjects1 & ! effects propos$ 9 _! treatm5t ^u ! national m9d4 ,mr4 ,ea/lake has z yet refus$ himself ! indulg5ce ( su* speculation2 8 book is no m ?an its mode/ title expresses4 ,= ourselves1 h[ev]1 )\t v5tur+ 9 ! slighte/ degree to anticipate ! expression ( 8 ult]ior views--?\gh we believe t we c trace _! ext5t & direction 9 a few sugge/ive s5t5ces1 z pregnant z !y are unobtrusive--we mu/ yet1 9 giv+ a rapid sket* ( ! facts e/abli%$1 assume ! privilege ( direct+ ! read] to "o or two ( _! mo/ obvi\s consequ5ces1 &1 l hone/ 'pr5tices1 n suff] ! ab/ract$ retirem5t ( our ma/] 9 ! back p>lor to dim9i% ! j recomm5dation ( 8 w>es to ! pass]s-by4 #ajc4 ,em95tly defici5t 9 works repres5tative ( ! e>lie/ & pure/ t5d5cies ( art1 our ,national ,gall]y nev]!less af=ds a *>act]i/ic & suffici5t s]ies ( examples ( ! practice ( ! v>i\s s*ools ( pa9t+1 aft] oil _h be5 f9ally sub/itut$ = ! less manageable glut9\s vehicles :i*1 "u ! g5]al "n ( temp]a1 7 pr9cipally employ$ 9 ! production ( easel pictures up to ! middle ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,if ! read] 7 to make ! circuit ( ?is collection = ! purpose ( det]m9+ :i* picture repres5t$ ) lea/ disputable fidelity ! fir/ int5tion ( its pa9t]1 & unit$ 9 its modes ( execution ! highe/ rea* ( a*ievem5t ) ! /ronge/ assurance ( durability1 we believe t--aft] hesitat+ long ov] hypo!tical degrees ( black5$ %ad[ & yell[$ light1 ( lo/ outl9e & buri$ detail1 ( *ill$ lu/]1 dimm$ transp>5cy1 alt]$ color1 & weak5$ =ce--he w\ld f9ally pause be=e a small picture on panel1 repres5t+ two qua9tly dress$ figures 9 a dimly light$ room--dep5d5t = its int]e/ little on expression1 & less on treatm5t--b em95tly rem>kable = reality ( sub/ance1 vacuity ( space1 & vigor ( quiet color2 nor less = an elaborate f9i%1 unit$ ) en]getic fre%ness1 :i* seem to %[ t "t has be5 mu* conc]n$ 9 its production1 & has _h no p[] ov] its fate4 #ajd4 ,we d n say t ! total =ce ( ! mat]ial is exhibit$ 9 ?is picture1 or ev5 t x 9 any degree possesses ! lusci\sness & fullness :i* are among ! *ief *>ms ( oil-pa9t+2 b t ^u ! :ole x w\ld be select$ z unit+ imp]i%able firmness ) exquisite delicacy2 z approa*+ m unaffect$ly & m closely ?an any o!r "w to ! simple tru?s ( natural color & space2 & z exhibit+1 ev5 9 its qua9t & m9ute treatm5t1 conque/ ov] _m ( ! difficulties :i* ! bolde/ practice ( art involves4 ,?is picture1 be>+ ! inscription ,johannes ,van ,eyck 7fuit87 hic1 #adcd1 is probably ! portrait1 c]ta9ly ! "w1 ( "o ( ^? bro!rs to ^: +5uity ! fir/ inv5tion ( ! art ( oil-pa9t+ has be5 long ascrib$4 ,! volume be=e u is occupi$ *iefly 9 det]m9+ ! real ext5t ( ! improvem5ts !y introduc$1 9 exam9+ ! processes !y employ$1 & 9 trac+ ! modifications ( ^? processes adopt$ by lat] ,flem+s1 especially ,rub5s1 ,rembr&t1 & ,v&yck4 ,incid5tal notices ( ! ,italian sy/em occur1 s f> z1 9 its e>li] /ages1 x correspond$ ) t ( ! nor?2 b ! consid]ation ( its sep>ate "* is res]v$ = a foll[+ volume1 & ?\gh we %all expect ) int]e/ ?is conclud+ portion ( ! treatise1 we believe t1 9 ! pres5t condition ( ! ,engli% s*ool1 ! *oice ( ! me?ods ( ,van ,eyck1 ,bell9i1 or ,rub5s1 is z mu* z we c\ld mode/ly ask or prud5tly desire4 #aje4 ,x w\ld h be5 /range inde$ if a te*nical p]fection l t ( ! picture above describ$ 7equally *>act]i/ic ( all ! works ( ^? bro!rs71 _h be5 at once rea*$ by ! fir/ inv5tors ( ! art4 ,s f> 0 ?is f be+ ! case1 & s di/9ct is ! evid5ce ( ! practice ( oil-pa9t+ 9 antec$5t p]iods1 t ( late ye>s ! discov]ies ( ! ,van ,eycks h n unfrequ5tly be5 treat$ z entirely fabul\s2 & ,raspe1 9 p>ticul>1 re/s _! claims to gratitude on ! cont+5t introduction ( amb]-v>ni% & poppy-oil3--,su* p]haps1 he says1 might h be5 ! misrepres5t$ discov]y ( ! ,van ,eycks4 ,t tradition1 h[ev]1 = :i* ! great pa9t]s ( ,italy1 & _! suffici5tly va9 hi/orian1 _h s mu* respect z nev] to put =w>d any claim 9 opposition to x1 is n to be cl\d$ by incauti\s suspicion4 ,mr4 ,ea/lake has approa*$ x ) m rev]5ce1 /ripp$ x ( its exagg]ation1 & %[n ! f\ndations = x 9 ! fact t ! ,van ,eycks1 ?\gh !y did n create ! art1 yet 7 ! fir/ to enable x = its function2 t hav+ f\nd x 9 s]vile (fice & ) dormant p[]--laid l ! dead ,adonis on 8 lettuce-b$--!y gave x vitality & dom9ion4 ,& =tunate x is = ^? :o look = ano!r su* reanimation1 t ! me?od ( ! ,van ,eycks 0 n altoge!r _! own discov]y4 ,_h x be5 s1 t me?od might /ill h rema9$ a subject ( conjecture2 b aft] be+ put 9 possession ( ! pr9ciples commonly ackn[l$g$ be=e _! "t1 x is comp>atively easy to trace ! direction ( _! inquiry & ! nature ( _! improvem5ts4 #ajf4 ,) respect to remote p]iods ( antiquity1 we believe t ! use ( a hydr(uge oil-v>ni% = ! protection ( works 9 temp]a1 ! only fact insi/$ ^u by ,mr4 ,ea/lake1 is also ! only "o :i* ! labor ( innum]able +5i\s writ]s has e/abli%$3 nor up to ! beg9n+ ( ! twelf? c5tury is !re pro( ( any practice ( pa9t+ except 9 temp]a1 encau/ic 7wax appli$ by ! aid ( heat71 & fresco4 ,subsequ5t to t p]iod1 notices ( works execut$ 9 solid color mix$ ) oil are frequ5t1 b all t c be prov$ respect+ e>li] times is a gradually increas+ acqua9tance ) ! diff]5t k9ds ( oil & ! modes ( _! adaptation to arti/ical uses4 ,sev]al dry+ oils are m5tion$ by ! writ]s ( ! fir/ ?ree c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era--walnut by ,pl9y & ,gal51 walnut1 poppy1 & ca/or-oil 7aft]w>ds us$ by ! pa9t]s ( ! twelf? c5tury z a v>ni%7 by ,dioscorides--yet ^! notices occur only ) ref]5ce to m$ic9al or cul9>y purposes4 ,b at l5g? a dry+ oil is m5tion$ 9 connection ) works ( art by ,aetius1 a m$ical writ] ( ! fif? c5tury4 ,8 words are3-- 99 99 99 ,walnut oil is prep>$ l t ( almonds1 ei!r by p\nd+ or press+ ! nuts1 or by ?r[+ !m1 aft] !y h be5 bruis$1 into boil+ wat]4 ,! 7m$ic9al7 uses are ! same3 b x has a use besides ^!1 be+ employ$ by gild]s or encau/ic pa9t]s2 = x dries1 & pres]ves gild+s & encau/ic pa9t+s = a long "t4 ,x is !re=e cle>1 says ,mr4 ,ea/lake1 t an oil v>ni%1 compos$ ei!r ( inspissat$ nut oil1 or ( nut oil comb9$ ) a dissolv$ res91 0 employ$ on gilt surfaces & pictures1 ) a view to pres]ve !m1 at lea/ z e>ly z ! fif? c5tury4 ,x may be add$ t a writ] :o c\ld !n /ate1 z if f 8 own exp]i5ce1 t su* v>ni%es _h ! effect ( pres]v+ works '= a long "t1' c h>dly be und]/ood to speak ( a new inv5tion4--,p4 #bb4 99 99 99 ,l9se$-oil is also m5tion$ by ,aetius1 ?\gh /ill = m$ic9al uses only2 b a v>ni%1 compos$ ( l9se$-oil mix$ ) a v>iety ( res9s1 is describ$ 9 a manuscript at ,lucca1 belong+ probably to ! eigh? c5tury3-- 99 99 99 ,! age ( ,*>lemagne 0 an era 9 ! arts2 & ! addition ( l9se$-oil to ! mat]ials ( ! v>ni%] & decorator may on ! above evid5ce be assign$ to x4 ,f ?is "t1 & dur+ _m ages1 ! l9se$-oil v>ni%1 ?\gh compos$ ( simpl] mat]ials 7su* z s&>ac & ma/ic res9 boil$ 9 ! oil71 alone appe>s 9 ! recipes hi!rto br\ght to light4--,ib41 p4 #bd4 99 99 99 #ajg4 ,! modes ( blea*+ & ?ick5+ oil 9 ! sun1 z well z ! siccative p[] ( metallic oxides1 7 kn[n to ! classical writ]s1 & evid5ce exi/s ( ! c>eful /udy ( ,gal51 ,dioscorides1 & o!rs by ! pa9t]s ( ! twelf? & ?irte5? c5turies3 ! loss 7record$ by ,vas>i7 ( ,antonio ,v5eziano to ! arts1 p] *e /udio 9 ,dioscoride le cose dell'erbe1 is a rem>kable in/ance ( its less =tunate results4 ,/ill1 ! immixture ( solid color ) ! oil1 :i* _h be5 commonly us$ z a v>ni% = temp]a pa9t+s & gilt surfaces1 0 hi!rto unsugge/$2 & no di/9ct notice seems to occur ( ! fir/ occasion ( ?is important /ep1 ?\gh 9 ! twelf? c5tury1 z above /at$1 ! process is describ$ z frequ5t bo? 9 ,italy & ,engl&4 ,mr4 ,ea/lake's in/ances h be5 select$1 = ! mo/ "p1 f f\r treatises1 two ( :i*1 ?\gh 9 an imp]fect =m1 h long be5 kn[n to ! public2 ! ?ird1 translat$ by ,mrs4 ,m]rifield1 is 9 c\rse ( publication2 ! f\r?1 ,tractatus de ,coloribus illum9atorum1 is ( less importance4 ,respect+ ! dates ( ! fir/ two1 ^? ( ,eraclius & ,!ophilus1 "s diff]5ce ( op9ion exi/s betwe5 ,mr4 ,ea/lake & _! respective editors4 ,! =m] ,,ms4 0 publi%$ by ,raspe1#ad :o incl9es to ! op9ion ( its hav+ be5 writt5 soon aft] ! "t ( ,/4 ,isidore ( ,seville1 probably !re=e 9 ! eigh? c5tury1 b insi/s only on its be+ prior to ! ?irte5?4 ,t ( ,!ophilus1 publi%$ fir/ by ,m4 ,*>les de l',escalopi]1 & lately f a m p]fect ,,ms4 by ,mr4 ,h5drie1 is ascrib$ by its ,engli% editor 7:o places ,eraclius 9 ! t5?7 to ! e>ly half ( ! elev5? c5tury4 ,mr4 ,h5drie ma9ta9s 8 op9ion ) mu* analytical +5uity1 & we are dispos$ to ?9k t ,mr4 ,ea/lake atta*es too mu* importance to ! abs5ce ( ref]5ce to oil-pa9t+ 9 ! ,mappae ,clavicula 7a ,,ms4 ( ! twelf? c5tury71 9 plac+ ,!ophilus a c5tury & a half lat] on t gr\nd alone4 ,! "q is "o ( "s importance 9 an antiqu>ian po9t ( view1 b ! g5]al read] w p]haps be satisfi$ ) ! conclusion t 9 ,,mss4 :i* _c possibly be lat] ?an ! close ( ! twelf? c5tury1 ref]5ces to oil-pa9t+ are cle> & frequ5t4 #ajh4 ,no?+ is kn[n ( ! p]sonality ( ei!r ,eraclius or ,!ophilus1 b :at may be collect$ f _! works2 am\nt+1 9 ! fir/ case1 to ! facts ( ! au?or's language be+ b>b>\s1 8 cr$ulity exceptionable1 & 8 k sup]ficial1 toge!r ) 8 writt5 description z vir sapi5tissimus2 :ile all t is positively kn[n ( ,!ophilus is t he 0 a monk1 & t ,!ophilus 0 n 8 real "n4 ,! "*1 h[ev]1 ( :i* ! assum$ "n is truly expressive1 des]ves f u no unrespectful att5tion2 we %all be/ possess our read]s ( x by lay+ be=e !m "o or two passages f ! preface4 ,we %all make "s use ( ,mr4 ,h5drie's translation2 x is evid5tly ! "w ( a ta/eful man1 & 9 mo/ cases r5d]s ! feel+ ( ! orig9al fai?fully2 b ! ,lat91 monki% ?\gh x be1 des]v$ a m accurate foll[+1 & _m ( ,mr4 ,h5drie's deviations be> traces ( uns\nd s*ol>%ip4 ,an awkw>d in/ance occurs 9 ! fir/ p>agraph3-- 99 99 99 ,!ophilus1 humilis presbyt]1 s]vus s]vorum ,dei1 indignus nom9e et pr(essione mona*i1 omnibus m5tis desidiam animique vagationem utili manuum occupatione1 et delectabili novitatum m$itatione decl9>e et calc>e vol5tibus1 retributionem coele/is praemii6 ,i1 ,!ophilus1 an humble prie/1 s]vant ( ! s]vants ( ,god1 unwor?y ( ! "n & pr(ession ( a monk1 to all wi%+ to ov]come & avoid slo? ( ! m9d or w&]+ ( ! s\l1 by useful manual occupation & ! delightful contemplation ( novelties1 s5d a recomp5se ( heav5ly price4--,!ophilus1 p4 #a4 99 99 99 ,proemium is n price1 nor is ! v]b und]/ood be=e retributionem s5d4 ,mr4 ,h5drie seems ev5 less famili> ) ,scriptural ?an ) monki% language1 or 9 ?is & sev]al o!r cases he w\ld h recogniz$ ! adoption ( apo/olic =mulae4 ,! :ole p>agraph is su* a greet+ & pray] z /&s at ! head ( ! sacr$ epi/les3--,!ophilus1 to all :o desire to ov]come w&]+ ( ! s\l1 etc41 etc4 7wi%es7 recomp5se ( heav5ly rew>d4 ,?us also ! d$ication ( ! ,byzant9e manuscript1 lately translat$ by ,m4 ,didron1 comm5ces ,a t\s les pe9tres1 et a t\s ceux qui1 aimant l'in/ruction1 etudi]ont ce livre1 salut dans le ,seigneur4 ,s1 pres5tly aft]w>ds1 9 ! s5t5ce1 div9a dignatio quae dat omnibus afflu5t] et non improp]at 7translat$1 div9e au?ority :i* afflu5tly & n precipitately gives to all71 ?\gh ,mr4 ,h5drie might h p]haps be5 excus$ = n p]ceiv+ ! transitive s5se ( dignatio aft] indignus 9 ! previ\s text1 :i* inde$1 ev5 :5 felt1 is suffici5tly difficult to r5d] 9 ,engli%2 & might n h be5 aw>e t ! ^w improp]o frequ5tly be>s ! s5se ( opprobo2 he ought /ill to h recogniz$ ! ,scriptural :o give? to all m5 lib]ally & upbraide? n4 ,qui1 9 ! fir/ page1 translat$ :]e=e1 my/ifies a :ole s5t5ce2 ut m]]etur1 r5d]$ ) a s*oolboy's c>elessness z he m]it$1 rev]ses ! mean+ ( ano!r2 jactantia1 9 ! foll[+ page1 is less h>mfully b n less s+ul>ly translat$ jeal\sy4 ,we h be5 oblig$ to alt] sev]al expressions 9 ! foll[+ passages1 9 ord] to br+ !m ne> en\gh to ! orig9al = our imm$iate purpose3 99 99 99 ,:i* k1 :5 he has obta9$1 let no "o magnify himself 9 8 own eyes1 z if x _h be5 receiv$ f himself1 & n f else:]e2 b let him rejoice humbly 9 ! ,"l1 f :om & by :om are all ?+s1 & )\t :om is no?+2 nor let him wrap 8 gifts 9 ! folds ( envy1 nor hide !m 9 ! closet ( an av>ici\s he>t2 b all pride ( he>t be+ repell$1 let him ) a *e]ful m9d give ) simplicity to all :o ask ( him1 & let him fe> ! judgm5t ( ! ,gospel ^u t m]*ant1 :o1 fail+ to return to 8 "l a tal5t ) accumulat$ int]e/1 depriv$ ( all rew>d1 m]it$ ! c5sure f ! m\? ( 8 judge ( 'wick$ s]vant4' ,fe>+ to incur :i* s5t5ce1 ,i1 a man unwor?y & almo/ )\t "n1 (f] gratuit\sly to all desir\s ) humility to le>n1 t :i* ! div9e condesc5sion1 :i* give? to all m5 lib]ally & upbraide? n1 gratuit\sly conc$$ to me3 & ,i admoni% !m t 9 me !y ackn[l$ge ! goodness1 & admire ! g5]osity ( ,god2 & ,i w\ld p]suade !m to believe t if !y also add _! labor1 ! same gifts are )9 _! rea*4 ,:]e=e1 g5tle son1 :om ,god has r5d]$ p]fectly happy 9 ?is respect1 t ^? ?+s are (f]$ to !e gratis1 :i* _m1 pl[+ ! sea waves ) ! greate/ dang] to life1 consum$ by ! h>d%ip ( hung] & cold1 or subject$ to ! we>y s]vitude ( tea*]s1 & altoge!r worn out by ! desire ( le>n+1 yet acquire ) intol]able labor1 covet ) gre$y looks ?is ',,book ,,( ,,v>i\s ,,arts1' read x ?r\gh ) a t5aci\s memory1 embrace x ) an ard5t love4 ,%\ld y c>efully p]use ?is1 y w !re f9d out :atev] ,greece possesses 9 k9ds & mixtures ( v>i\s colors2 :atev] ,tuscany kn[s ( 9 mosaic-"w1 or 9 v>iety ( enamel2 :atev] ,arabia %[s =? 9 "w ( fusion1 ductility1 or *as+2 :atev] ,italy ornam5ts ) gold1 9 div]sity ( vases & sculpture ( gems or ivory2 :atev] ,france loves 9 a co/ly v>iety ( w9d[s2 :atev] indu/ri\s ,g]many approves 9 "w ( gold1 silv]1 copp]1 & iron1 ( woods & ( /ones4 ,:5 y %all h re-read ?is (t51 & h committ$ x to y\r t5aci\s memory1 y %all ?us recomp5se me = ?is c>e ( in/ruction1 t z (t5 z y %all h successfully made use ( my "w1 y pray = me = ! pity ( ,omnipot5t ,god1 :o kn[s t ,i h writt5 ^! ?+s1 :i* are "h arrang$1 nei!r ?r\gh love ( human approbation1 nor ?r\gh desire ( temporal rew>d1 nor h ,i /ol5 any?+ preci\s or r>e ?r\gh envi\s jeal\sy1 nor h ,i kept back any?+ res]v$ s]v$ = myself alone2 b 9 augm5tation ( ! honor & glory ( ,8 "n1 ,i h consult$ ! progress & ha/5$ to aid ! necessities ( _m m54--,ib4 pp4 xlvii4-li4 99 99 99 #aji4 ,!re is p]haps some?+ 9 ! naive s]i\sness ) :i* ^! matt]s ( empiricism1 to u ( s small importance1 are reg>d$ by ! good monk1 :i* may at fir/ tempt ! read] to a smile4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 to be kept 9 m9d t "s su* mode ( introduction 0 cu/om>y 9 all works ( ?is ord] & p]iod4 ,! ,byzant9e ,,ms41 already allud$ to1 is prefac$ /ill m s+ul>ly3 ,que celui qui veut appr5dre la sci5ce de la pe9ture comm5ce a s'y prep>] d'avance quelque temps en dess9ant sans rela*e 444 puis qu'il adresse a ,jesus ,*ri/ la pri]e et oraison suivante1 etc43--! pray] be+ foll[$ by a homily respect+ envy1 mu* resembl+ t ( ,!ophilus4 ,& we may re/ assur$ t until we h aga9 begun to tea* & to le>n 9 ?is _s1 art w no m recov] its true p[] or place ?an spr+s :i* fl[ f no heav5w>d hills c rise to useful level 9 ! wells ( ! pla94 ,! t5d]ness1 tranquillity1 & resolut5ess :i* we feel 9 su* m5's words & ?\ghts f\nd a correspond5t expression ev5 9 ! movem5ts ( ! h&2 preci\s qualities result$ f !m ev5 9 ! mo/ me*anical ( _! works1 su* z no rew>d c evoke1 no academy tea*1 nor any o!r m]its replace4 ,:at =ce c be summon$ by au?ority1 or fo/]$ by patronage1 :i* c\ld = an in/ant equal 9 int5sity ! labor ( ?is humble love1 ex]t+ itself = its own pleasure1 look+ ^u its own works by ! light ( ?ankfulness1 & f9i%+ all1 (f]+ all1 ) ! irrespective pr(usion ( fl[]s op5$ by ! wayside1 :]e ! du/ may cov] !m1 & ! foot cru% !m8 #aaj4 ,n a few passages conceiv$ 9 ! highe/ _s ( self-d5y+ piety w\ld1 ( !mselves1 h w>rant$ our s9c]e ?anks to ,mr4 ,h5drie = 8 publication ( ! manuscript4 ,! practical value ( its cont5ts is h[ev] v v>iable2 mo/ ( ! processes describ$ h be5 ei!r improv$ or sup]s$$1 & _m ( ! recipes are q z illu/rative ( ! writ]'s cr$ulity 9 reception1 z g5]osity 9 communication4 ,! ref]5ces to ! l& ( ,havilah = gold1 & to ,m\nt ,calybe = iron1 are *>act]i/ic ( monki% geographical sci5ce2 ! recipe = ! mak+ ( ,spani% gold is int]e/+1 z af=d+ u a clew to ! mean+ ( ! m$iaeval traditions respect+ ! basilisk4 ,pl9y says no?+ ab\t ! hat*+ ( ?is *im]a f cocks' eggs1 & ascribes ! p[] ( kill+ at sight to a diff]5t animal1 ! catoblepas1 ^: head1 =tunately1 0 s heavy t x c\ld n be held up4 ,probably ! ^w basiliscus 9 ,!ophilus w\ld h be5 bett] translat$ cockatrice4 99 99 99 ,!re is also a gold call$ ,spani% gold1 :i* is compos$ f r$ copp]1 p[d] ( basilisk1 & human blood1 & acid4 ,! ,g5tiles1 ^: skillfulness 9 ?is art is comm5dable1 make basilisks 9 ?is mann]4 ,!y h1 und]gr\nd1 a h\se wall$ ) /ones ev]y:]e1 above & bel[1 ) two v small w9d[s1 s n>r[ t sc>cely any light c appe> ?r\gh !m2 9 ?is h\se !y place two old cocks ( twelve or fifte5 ye>s1 & !y give !m pl5ty ( food4 ,:5 ^! h become fat1 ?r\gh ! heat ( _! good condition1 !y agree toge!r & lay eggs4 ,:i* be+ laid1 ! cocks are tak5 out & toads are plac$ 91 :i* may hat* ! eggs1 & to :i* bread is giv5 = food4 ,! eggs be+ hat*$1 *ick5s issue out1 l h5s' *ick5s1 to :i* aft] sev5 days gr[ ! tails ( s]p5ts1 & imm$iately1 if !re 7 n a /one pavem5t to ! h\se1 !y w\ld ent] ! e>?4 ,gu>d+ aga9/ :i*1 _! ma/]s h r\nd brass vessels ( l>ge size1 p]=at$ all ov]1 ! m\?s ( :i* are n>r[1 9 :i* !y place ^! *ick5s1 & close ! m\?s ) copp] cov]+s & int] !m und]gr\nd1 & !y are n\ri%$ ) ! f9e e>? ent]+ ?r\gh ! holes = six mon?s4 ,aft] ?is !y uncov] !m & apply a copi\s fire1 until ! animals' insides are completely burnt4 ,:i* done1 :5 !y h become cold1 !y are tak5 out & c>efully gr\nd1 add+ to !m a ?ird "p ( ! blood ( a r$ man1 :i* blood has be5 dri$ & gr\nd4 ,^! two compositions are temp]$ ) %>p acid 9 a clean vessel2 !y !n take v ?9 %eets ( ! pure/ r$ copp]1 & ano9t ?is composition ov] !m on bo? sides1 & place !m 9 ! fire4 ,& :5 !y h become gl[+1 !y take !m out & qu5* & wa% !m 9 ! same confection2 & !y d ?is = a long "t1 until ?is composition eats ?r\gh ! copp]1 & x takes ! color ( gold4 ,?is gold is prop] = all "w4--,ib4 p4 #bfg4 99 99 99 ,our read]s w f9d 9 ,mr4 ,h5drie's int]e/+ note ! explanation ( ! symbolical language ( ?is recipe2 ?\gh we _c agree ) him 9 suppos+ ,!ophilus to h s und]/ood x4 ,we h no d\bt ! monk wrote :at he _h he>d 9 good fai?1 & ) no equivocal mean+2 & we are ev5 ourselves mu* dispos$ to regret & resi/ ! trans=mation ( toads into nitrates ( pota%1 & ( basilisks into sulphates ( copp]4 #aaa4 ,b :atev] may be ! value ( ! recipes ( ,!ophilus1 c\*$ 9 ! symbolical language ( ! al*emi/1 8 evid5ce is z cle> z x is conclusive1 z f> z reg>ds ! g5]al processes adopt$ 9 8 own "t4 ,! treatise ( ,pet] de ,/4 ,audem>1 conta9$ 9 a volume transcrib$ by ,jehan le ,begue 9 #adca1 be>s int]nal evid5ce ( be+ ne>ly coeval ) t ( ,!ophilus4 ,& 9 addition to ^! ,,mss41 ,mr4 ,ea/lake has exam9$ ! records ( ,ely & ,we/m9/]1 :i* are full ( ref]5ces to decorative op]ations4 ,f ^! s\rces x is n only demon/rat$ t oil-pa9t+1 at lea/ 9 ! broade/ s5se 7/rik+ colors mix$ ) oil on surfaces ( wood or /one71 0 p]fectly common bo? 9 ,italy & ,engl& 9 ! #ab?1 #ac?1 & #ad? c5turies1 b e /ep ( ! process is det]m9able4 ,/one surfaces 7 prim$ ) :ite lead mix$ ) l9se$ oil1 appli$ 9 successive coats1 & c>efully smoo!d :5 dry4 ,wood 0 plan$ smoo? 7or1 = delicate "w1 cov]$ ) lea!r ( horse-sk9 or p>*m5t71 !n coat$ ) a mixture ( :ite lead1 wax1 & pulv]iz$ tile1 on :i* ! oil & lead prim+ 0 laid4 ,9 ! successive application ( ! coats ( ?is prim+1 ! pa9t] is w>n$ by ,eraclius ( ! dang] ( lett+ ! sup]impos$ coat be m oily ?an t b5ea?1 ! %rivel+ ( ! surface be+ a necess>y consequ5ce4 99 99 99 ,! obs]vation respect+ ! cause1 or "o ( ! causes1 ( a wr9kl$ & %rivel$ surface1 is n unimportant4 ,oil1 or an oil v>ni%1 us$ 9 abundance ) ! colors ov] a p]fectly dry prep>ation1 w produce ?is appe>ance3 ! employm5t ( an oil v>ni% is ev5 suppos$ to be detect$ by x4444 ,z reg>ds ! effect itself1 ! be/ pa9t]s h n be5 c>eful to avoid x4 ,p>ts ( ,titian's ,/4 ,seba/ian 7n[ 9 ! ,gall]y ( ! ,vatican7 are %rivel$2 ! ,giorgione 9 ! ,l\vre is s2 ! drap]y ( ! figure ( ,*ri/ 9 ! ,duke ( ,well+ton's ,correggio exhibits ! same appe>ance2 a ,madonna & ,*ild by ,reynolds1 at ,petwor?1 is 9 a simil> /ate1 z are also p>ts ( "s pictures by ,greuze4 ,x is ! rev]se ( a crack$ surface1 & is unque/ionably ! less evil ( ! two4--,ea/lake1 pp4 #cf-ch4 99 99 99 #aab4 ,on ! :ite surface ?us prep>$1 ! colors1 gr\nd f9ely ) l9se$ oil1 7 appli$1 accord+ to ! advice ( ,!ophilus1 9 n less ?an ?ree successive coats1 & f9ally protect$ ) amb] or s&>ac v>ni%3 ea* coat ( color be+ c>efully dri$ by ! aid ( heat or 9 ! sun be=e a second 0 appli$1 & ! entire "w be=e v>ni%+4 ,! practice ( c>efully dry+ ea* coat 0 cont9u$ 9 ! be/ p]iods ( art1 b ! necessity ( exposure to ! sun intimat$ by ,!ophilus appe>s to h aris5 only f 8 c>eless prep>ation ( ! l9se$ oil1 & ignorance ( a prop] dry+ m$ium4 ,consequ5t on ?is necessity is ! re/riction 9 ,!ophilus1 ,/4 ,audem>1 & 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,,ms41 ( oil-pa9t+ to wood5 surfaces1 because movable panels c\ld be dri$ 9 ! sun2 :ile1 = walls1 ! colors are to be mix$ ) wat]1 w9e1 gum1 or ! usual temp]a vehicles1 egg & fig-tree juice2 :ite lead & v]digris1 !mselves dry]s1 be+ ! only pigm5ts :i* c\ld be mix$ ) oil = walls4 ,b ! ,,ms4 ( ,eraclius & ! records ( our ,engli% ca!drals imply no su* absolute re/riction4 ,!y m5tion ! employm5t ( oil = ! pa9t+ or v>ni%+ ( columns & int]ior walls1 & 9 quantity v rem>kable4 ,among ! entries relat+ to ,/4 ,/eph5's *apel1 occur--,= #ai flagons ( pa9t]'s oil1 at #cs4 #d;d4 ! flagon1 #dcs4 #d;d4 7,x might be z well1 9 ! next edition1 to correct ! copyi/'s rev]se ( ! position ( ! ,x & ,l1 le/ x %\ld be ?\ght t ! pr9ciples ( ! sci5ce ( ari?metic h be5 progressive1 z well z ^? ( art47 ,& pres5tly aft]w>ds1 9 ,may ( ! same ye>1 to ,john de ,h5nay1 = sev5ty flagons & a half ( pa9t]'s oil = ! pa9t+ ( ! same *apel1 at #bj;d4 ! flagon1 #aags4 #f;d4 ,! expression pa9t]'s oil seems to imply m c>eful prep>ation ?an t direct$ by ,!ophilus1 probably purification f its mucilage 9 ! sun2 b artificial heat 0 c]ta9ly employ$ to assi/ ! dry+1 & aft] read+ ( flagons suppli$ by ! score1 we c h>dly be surpris$ at f9d+ *>coal furni%$ by ! c>tload--see an entry relat+ to ! ,pa9t$ ,*amb]4 ,9 "o ,,ms4 ( ,eraclius1 h[ev]1 a di/9ct description ( a dry+ oil 9 ! mod]n s5se1 occurs1 :ite lead & lime be+ add$1 & ! oil ?ick5$ by exposure to ! sun1 z 0 ! univ]sal practice 9 ,italy4 #aac4 ,su* 0 ! sy/em ( oil-pa9t+ kn[n be=e ! "t ( ,van ,eyck2 b x rema9s a "q 9 :at k9d ( works & ) :at degree ( ref9em5t ?is sy/em _h be5 appli$4 ,! passages 9 ,eraclius ref] only to ornam5tal "w1 imitations ( m>ble1 etc42 & al?\gh1 9 ! records ( ,ely ca!dral1 ! words pro ymag9ibus sup] columnas dep+5dis may p]haps be und]/ood z ref]r+ to pa9t+s ( figures1 ! applications ( oil1 :i* are di/9ctly det]m9able f ^! & o!r ,engli% docum5ts1 are m]ely decorative2 & ! l>ge supplies ( x :i* appe> 9 ! ,we/m9/] & ,ely records indicate ! co>s5ess ( ! op]ations = :i* x 0 requir$4 ,!ophilus1 inde$1 m5tions t9ts = faces--mixturas vultuum2 b x is to be rem>k$ t ,!ophilus pa9t$ ) a liquid oil1 ! dry+ ( :i* 9 ! sun he expressly says 9 ymag9ibus et aliis picturis diuturnum et ta$iosum nimis e/4 ,! oil g5]ally employ$ 0 ?ick5$ to ! consi/5ce ( a v>ni%4 ,c5n9i recomm5ds t x be kept 9 ! sun until r$uc$ "o half2 & 9 ! ,p>is copy ( ,eraclius we are told t ! long] ! oil rema9s 9 ! sun ! bett] x w be4 ,su* a vehicle entirely preclud$ delicacy ( execution4 99 99 99 ,pa9t+s entirely execut$ ) ! ?ick5$ vehicle1 at a "t :5 art 0 9 ! v l[e/ /ate1 & :5 its vot>ies 7 ill qualifi$ to cont5d ) unnecess>y difficulties1 mu/ h be5 ( ! commone/ description4 ,armorial be>+s1 patt]ns1 & simil> works ( me*anical decoration1 7 p]haps z mu* z c\ld be attempt$4 ,not)/&+ ! g5]al ref]5ce to fle%-pa9t+1 'e cosi fa dello inc>n>e1' 9 ,c5n9i's directions1 !re are no c]ta9 examples ( pictures ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 9 :i* ! fle% is execut$ 9 oil colors4 ,?is leads u to inquire :at 7 ! ord9>y applications ( oil-pa9t+ 9 ,italy at t "t4 ,x appe>s t ! me?od1 :5 adopt$ at all1 0 consid]$ to belong to ! complem5tal & m]ely decorative p>ts ( a picture4 ,x 0 employ$ 9 portions ( ! "w only1 on drap]ies1 & ov] gild+ & foils4 ,c5n9i describes su* op]ations z foll[s4 ',gild ! surface to be occupi$ by ! drap]y2 draw on x :at ornam5ts or patt]ns y please2 glaze ! unornam5t$ int]vals ) v]digris gr\nd 9 oil1 %ad+ "s folds twice4 ,!n1 :5 ?is is dry1 glaze ! same color ov] ! :ole drap]y1 bo? ornam5ts & pla9 portions4' ,^! op]ations1 toge!r ) ! gilt field r\nd ! figures1 ! /ucco decorations1 & ! c>v$ framework1 tab]nacle1 or ornam5to itself ( ! picture1 7 complet$ fir/2 ! faces & h&s1 :i* 9 ,italian pictures ( ! f\rte5? c5tury 7 always 9 temp]a1 7 add$ aft]w>ds1 or at all ev5ts aft] ! drap]ies & backgr\nd 7 f9i%$4 ,c5n9i tea*es ! practice ( all b ! c>v+4 ,9 lat] times ! "w 0 divid$1 & ! decorator or gild] 0 sometimes a m important p]son ?an ! pa9t]4 ,?us "s works ( an inf]ior ,flor5t9e arti/ 7 ornam5t$ ) /uccoes1 c>v+1 & gild+1 by ! celebrat$ ,donatello1 :o1 9 8 y\?1 practic$ ?is art 9 connection ) sculpture4 ,vas>i obs]v$ ! foll[+ inscription "u a picture3--',simone ,c9i1 a ,flor5t9e1 wr\ght ! c>v$ "w2 ,gabriello ,s>ac9i execut$ ! gild+2 & ,sp9ello di ,luca1 ( ,arezzo1 pa9t$ ! picture1 9 ! ye> #ache4'--;,ib4 pp4 #ga1 #gb1 & #hj4 99 99 99 #aad4 ,we may pause to consid] = a mom5t :at effect ^u ! m5tal habits ( ^! e>li] s*ools might result f ?is sep>ate & previ\s completion ( m9or details4 ,x is to be rememb]$ t ! pa9t]'s object 9 ! backgr\nds ( works ( ?is p]iod 7univ]sally1 or ne>ly s1 ( religi\s subject7 0 n ! deceptive repres5tation ( a natural sc5e1 b ! adornm5t & sett+ =? ( ! c5tral figures ) preci\s "w--! conv]sion ( ! picture1 z f> z might be1 into a gem1 flu%$ ) color & alive ) light4 ,! processes necess>y = ?is purpose 7 altoge!r me*anical2 & ^? ( /amp+ & burni%+ ! gold1 & ( enamel+1 7 necess>ily p]=m$ be=e any delicate temp]a-"w c\ld be execut$4 ,absolute decision ( design 0 !re=e necess>y ?r\gh\t2 h>d l9e> sep>ations 7 unavoidable betwe5 ! oil-color & ! temp]a1 or betwe5 ea* & ! gold or enamel4 ,g5]al h>mony ( effect1 a]ial p]spective1 or deceptive *i>oscuro1 became totally impossible2 & ! dignity ( ! picture dep5d$ exclusively on ! l9es ( its design1 ! purity ( its ornam5ts1 & ! beauty ( expression :i* c\ld be atta9$ 9 ^? portions 7! faces & h&s7 :i*1 set (f & fram$ by ?is spl5dor ( decoration1 became ! cynosure ( eyes4 ,! pa9t]'s entire en]gy 0 giv5 to ^! portions2 & we c h>dly imag9e any discipl9e m calculat$ to insure a gr& & ?\ghtful s*ool ( art ?an ! necessity ( discrim9at$ "* & v>i$ expression impos$ by ?is peculi>ly sep>ate & prom95t treatm5t ( ! features4 ,! exquisite draw+ ( ! h& also1 at lea/ 9 outl9e1 rema9$ = ?is reason ev5 to late p]iods "o ( ! cr[n+ excell5ces ( ! religi\s s*ools4 ,x might be wor?y ! consid]ation ( our pres5t pa9t]s :e!r "s disadvantage may n result f ! exactly opposite treatm5t n[ frequ5tly adopt$1 ! f9i%+ ( ! head be=e ! addition ( its accessories4 ,a flimsy & indol5t backgr\nd is almo/ a necess>y consequ5ce1 & probably also a false fle%-color1 irrecov]able by any aft]-opposition4 #aae4 ,! read] is 9 possession ( mo/ ( ! conclusions relat+ to ! practice ( oil-pa9t+ up to ab\t ! ye> #adjf4 99 99 99 ,its inconv5i5ces 7 su* t temp]a 0 n unreasonably pref]r$ to x = works t requir$ c>eful design1 precision1 & complet5ess4 ,h5ce ! ,van ,eycks seem to h made x _! fir/ object to ov]come ! /igma t atta*$ to oil-pa9t+1 z a process fit only = ord9>y purposes & me*anical decorations4 ,) an ambition p>tly expla9$ by ! previ\s co>se applications ( ! me?od1 !y s\ght to raise wond] by surpass+ ! f9i% ( temp]a ) ! v mat]ial t _h long be5 consid]$ intractable4 ,m]e f9i% 01 h[ev]1 ! lea/ ( ! excell5ces ( ^! re=m]s4 ,! /ep 0 %ort :i* suffic$ to remove ! self-impos$ difficulties ( ! art2 b t ef=t w\ld probably n h be5 s successful z x 01 9 ov]com+ long-e/abli%$ prejudices1 _h x n be5 accompani$ by "s ( ! be/ qualities :i* oil-pa9t+1 z a means ( imitat+ nature1 c comm&4--,ib4 p4 #hh4 99 99 99 #aaf4 ,x has be5 a "q to :i* ( ! two bro!rs1 ,hub]t or ,john1 ! honor ( ! inv5tion is to be attribut$4 ,van ,m&] gives ! date ( ! bir? ( ,hub]t #acff2 & 8 int]e/+ epitaph 9 ! ca!dral ( ,/4 ,bavon1 at ,gh5t1 det]m9es t ( 8 dea?3-- 99 99 99 ,take w>n+ f me1 ye :o walk ov] me4 ,i 0 z y are1 b am n[ buri$ dead b5ea? y4 ,?us x appe>s t nei!r art nor m$ic9e avail$ me4 ,art1 honor1 wisdom1 p[]1 afflu5ce1 are sp>$ n :5 dea? comes4 ,i 0 call$ ,hub]t ,van ,eyck2 ,i am n[ food = worms4 ,=m]ly kn[n & highly honor$ 9 pa9t+2 ?is all 0 %ortly aft] turn$ to no?+4 ,x 0 9 ! ye> ( ! ,"l "o ?\s& f\r hundr$ & tw5ty-six1 on ! eighte5? day ( ,septemb]1 t ,i r5d]$ up my s\l to ,god1 9 suff]+s4 ,pray ,god = me1 ye :o love art1 t ,i may atta9 to ,8 sight4 ,flee s92 turn to ! be/ objects3 = y mu/ foll[ me at la/4 99 99 99 ,john ,van ,eyck appe>s by suffici5t evid5ce to h be5 born betwe5 #acij & #acie2 &1 z ! improv$ oil-pa9t+ 0 c]ta9ly introduc$ ab\t #adaj1 ! probability is great] t ! sy/em _h be5 discov]$ by ! eld] bro!r ?an by ! y\? ( #ae4 ,:at ! improvem5t actually 0 is a f> m important "q4 ,vas>i's acc\nt1 9 ! ,life ( ,antonello da ,mess9a1 is ! fir/ piece ( evid5ce "h exam9$ 7p4 #bje72 & x is exam9$ at once ) m respect & m advantage ?an ! half-neglig5t1 half-emb>rass$ word+ ( ! passage might appe> ei!r to des]ve or to promise4 ,vas>i /ates t ,giovanni ( ,bruges1 hav+ f9i%$ a temp]a-picture on panel1 & v>ni%$ x z usual1 plac$ x 9 ! sun to dry--t ! heat op5$ ! jo9+s--& t ! arti/1 provok$ at ! de/ruction ( 8 "w-- 99 99 99 began to devise means = prep>+ a k9d ( v>ni% :i* %\ld dry 9 ! %ade1 s z to avoid plac+ 8 pictures 9 ! sun4 ,hav+ made exp]im5ts ) _m ?+s1 bo? pure & mix$ toge!r1 he at la/ f\nd t l9se$-oil & nut-oil1 among ! _m :i* he _h te/$1 7 m dry+ ?an all ! re/4 ,^!1 !re=e1 boil$ ) o!r mixtures ( 81 made him ! v>ni% :i* he1 nay1 :i* all ! pa9t]s ( ! _w1 _h long desir$4 ,cont9u+ 8 exp]im5ts ) _m o!r ?+s1 he saw t ! immixture ( ! colors ) ^! k9ds ( oils gave !m a v firm consi/5ce1 :i*1 :5 dry1 0 pro( aga9/ wet2 &1 moreov]1 t ! vehicle lit up ! colors s p[]fully1 t x gave a gloss ( itself )\t v>ni%2 & t :i* appe>$ to him /ill m admirable 01 t x all[$ ( bl5d+ ! colors inf9itely bett] ?an temp]a4 ,giovanni1 rejoic+ 9 ?is inv5tion1 & be+ a p]son ( disc]nm5t1 began _m works4 99 99 99 #aag4 ,! read] mu/ obs]ve t ?is acc\nt is bas$ ^u & clumsily accommodat$ to ! idea1 preval5t 9 ,vas>i's "t ?r\gh\t ,italy1 t ,van ,eyck n m]ely improv$1 b fir/ introduc$1 ! art ( oil-pa9t+1 & t no mixture ( color ) l9se$ or nut oil _h tak5 place be=e 8 "t4 ,we are only in=m$ ( ! new & important "p ( ! inv5tion1 "u ! po9t$ly specific & peculi>ly ,vas>ian expression--altre sue mi/ure4 ,b ! real value ( ! passage is dep5d5t on ! "o fact ( :i* x puts u 9 possession1 & ) respect to :i* !re is e reason to believe x tru/wor?y1 t x 0 9 se>* ( a ,v>ni% :i* w\ld dry 9 ! %ade t ,van ,eyck discov]$ ! new vehicle4 ,! next po9t to be det]m9$ is ! nature ( ! ,v>ni% ord9>ily employ$1 & spok5 ( by ,c5n9i & _m o!r writ]s "u ! famili> title ( ,v]nice liquida4 ,! d]ivation ( ! ^w ,v]nix be>s mat]ially on ! "q1 & w n be devoid ( int]e/ = ! g5]al read]1 :o may p]haps be surpris$ at f9d+ himself c>ri$ by ,mr4 ,ea/lake's d>+ philology into regions poetical & planet>y3-- 99 99 99 ,eu/a?ius1 a writ] ( ! twelf? c5tury1 9 8 comm5t>y on ,hom]1 /ates t ! ,greeks ( 8 day call$ amb] 7,greek3 elektron7 ,v]onice 7,greek3 b]onike74 ,salmasius1 quot+ f a ,greek m$ical ,,ms4 ( ! same p]iod1 writes x ,v]5ice 7,greek3 b]5ike74 ,9 ! ,lucca ,,ms4 7#h? c5tury7 ! ^w ,v]onica m ?an once occurs among ! +r$i5ts ( v>ni%es1 & x is rem>kable t 9 ! copies ( ! same recipes 9 ! ,mappae ,clavicula 7#ab? c5tury7 ! ^w is spelt1 9 ! g5itive1 ,v]5icis & ,v]nicis4 ,?is is probably ! e>lie/ in/ance ( ! use ( ! ,lat9iz$ ^w ne>ly 9 its mod]n =m2 ! orig9al nom9ative ,v]nice be+ aft]w>ds *ang$ to ,v]nix4 ,v]onice or ,v]5ice1 z a designation = amb]1 mu/ h be5 common at an e>li] p]iod ?an ! date ( ! ,lucca ,,ms41 s9ce x !re occurs z a t]m 9 ord9>y use4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to rem>k t ! lett] ,greek3 beta 0 s\nd$ v by ! m$iaeval ,greeks1 z x is by _! pres5t desc5dants4 ,ev5 dur+ ! classic ages ( ,greece ,greek3 beta repres5t$ ,greek3 phi 9 c]ta9 dialects4 ,! "n ,b]5ice or ,b]onice1 borne by m ?an "o daught] ( ! ,ptolemies1 w\ld be m correctly writt5 ,ph]5ice or ,ph]onice4 ,! lit]al co9cid5ce ( ?is "n & its modifications ) ! ,v]nice ( ! middle ages1 might almo/ w>rant ! supposition t amb]1 :i* by ! be/ anci5t au?orities 0 consid]$ a m9]al1 may1 at an e>ly p]iod1 h be5 di/+ui%$ by ! "n ( a con/ellation1 ! con/ellation ( ,b]5ice's 7gold57 hair4--,ea/lake1 p4 #bcj4 99 99 99 #aah4 ,we are griev$ to int]rupt our read]'s voyage among ! con/ellations2 b ! next page cry/allizes u aga9 l ants 9 amb]1 or worse1 9 gum-s&>a*4 ,x appe>s1 f conclusive & abundant evid5ce1 t ! great] *eapness ( s&>a*1 & its easi] solubility 9 oil r5d]$ x ! usual sub/itute = amb]1 & t ! ^w ,v]nice1 :5 x occurs alone1 is ! common synonym = dry s&>a* res94 ,?is1 dissolv$ by heat 9 l9se$ oil1 ?ree p>ts oil to "o ( res91 0 ! ,v]nice liquida ( ! ,italians1 sold 9 ,c5n9i's "t ready prep>$1 & ! cu/om>y v>ni% ( temp]a pictures4 ,concrete turp5t9e 7oyle ( fir-tree1 ,pece ,greca1 ,pegola71 previ\sly prep>$ ov] a sl[ fire until x ceas$ to swell1 0 add$ to assi/ ! liquefaction ( ! s&>a*1 fir/ 9 ,v5ice1 :]e ! mat]ial c\ld easily be procur$1 & aft]w>ds 9 ,flor5ce4 ,! v>ni% s prep>$1 especially :5 x 0 long boil$ to r5d] x m dry+1 0 ( a d>k color1 mat]ially affect+ ! t9ts ov] :i* x 0 pass$4#ae 99 99 99 ,x is n impossible t ! light] /yle ( color+ introduc$ by ,giotto may h be5 int5d$ by him to c\nt]act ! effects ( ?is v>ni%1 ! appe>ance ( :i* 9 ! ,greek pictures he c\ld n fail to obs]ve4 ,ano!r peculi>ity 9 ! works ( ! pa9t]s ( ! "t ref]r$ to1 p>ticul>ly ^? ( ! ,flor5t9e & ,si5ese s*ools1 is ! gre5i% tone ( _! color+ 9 ! fle%2 produc$ by ! mode 9 :i* !y (t5 prep>$ _! works1 viz4 by a gre5 "u-pa9t+4 ,! appe>ance 0 neutraliz$ by ! r$ s&>ac v>ni%1 & pictures execut$ 9 ! mann] describ$ mu/ h look$ bett] be=e x 0 remov$4--,ib4 p4 #beb4 99 99 99 ,f>!r on1 ?is rem>k is ?us foll[$ out3-- 99 99 99 ,! pal5ess or fre%ness ( ! temp]a may h be5 sometimes calculat$ = ?is br[n glaz+ 7= su* x 0 9 effect71 & :5 ?is 0 ! case1 ! picture 01 /rictly speak+1 unf9i%$ )\t its v>ni%4 ,x is1 !re=e1 q conceivable t a pa9t]1 av]se to m]e me*anical op]ations1 w\ld1 9 8 f9al process1 /ill h an eye to ! h>mony ( 8 "w1 &1 see+ t ! t9t ( 8 v>ni% 0 m or less adapt$ to display ! hues ov] :i* x 0 spread1 w\ld v>y t t9t1 s z to height5 ! effect ( ! picture4 ,! practice ( t+e+ v>ni%es 0 n ev5 new1 z ! example giv5 by ,c>danus proves4 ,! next /ep to ?is w\ld be to treat ! temp]a picture /ill m z a prep>ation1 & to calculate /ill fur!r on ! v>ni%1 by modify+ & adapt+ its color to a great] ext5t4 ,a "w s complet$ mu/ h ne>ly approa*$ ! appe>ance ( an oil picture4 ,?is 0 p]haps ! mom5t :5 ! new me?od op5$ itself to ! m9d ( ,hub]t ,van ,eyck4444 ,! next *ange necess>ily consi/$ 9 us+ opaque z well z transp>5t colors2 ! =m] be+ appli$ ov] ! light1 ! latt] ov] ! d>k]1 portions ( ! picture2 :ile ! "w 9 temp]a 0 n[ r$uc$ to a light *i>oscuro prep>ation4444 ,x 0 n[ t ! hue ( ! orig9al v>ni% became an objection2 =1 z a m$ium1 x requir$ to be itself colorless4--,ib4 pp4 #bga-bgc4 99 99 99 #aai4 ,our au?or has p]haps some:at emb>rass$ ?is "p ( ! argum5t1 by giv+ too mu* importance to ! conjectural adaptation ( ! t9ts ( ! temp]a picture to ! br[n v>ni%1 & too little to ! bold transition f transp>5t to opaque color on ! lights4 ,up to ?is "t1 we mu/ rememb]1 ! entire draw+ ( ! fle% _h be5 9 temp]a2 ! v>ni%1 h[ev] ri*ly t9t$1 h[ev] delicately adju/$ to ! t9ts b5ea?1 0 /ill broadly appli$ ov] ! :ole surface1 ! design be+ se5 ?r\gh ! transp>5t glaze4 ,b ! mixture ( opaque color at once implies t portions ( ! design itself 7 execut$ ) ! v>ni% = a vehicle1 & !re=e t ! v>ni% _h be5 entirely *ang$ bo? 9 color & consi/5ce4 ,if1 z above /at$1 ! improvem5t 9 ! v>ni% _h be5 made only aft] x _h be5 mix$ ) opaque color1 x does n appe> :y ! idea ( s mix+ x %\ld h pres5t$ itself to ,van ,eyck m ?an to any o!r pa9t] ( ! day1 & ,vas>i's /ory ( ! split panel becomes nugatory4 ,b we appreh5d1 f a previ\s passage 7p4 #beh71 t ,mr4 ,ea/lake w\ld n h u s int]pret him4 ,we r suppose t we are express+ 8 real op9ion 9 /at+ our own1 t ,van ,eyck1 seek+ = a v>ni% :i* w\ld dry 9 ! %ade1 fir/ p]fect$ ! me?ods ( dissolv+ amb] or copal 9 oil1 !n s\ght = & add$ a good dry]1 & ?us obta9$ a v>ni% :i*1 hav+ be5 subject$ to no long process ( boil+1 0 ne>ly colorless2 t 9 us+ ?is new v>ni% ov] temp]a works he might cauti\sly & gradually mix x ) ! opaque color1 ^: purity he n[ f\nd unaffect$1 by ! transp>5t vehicle2 &1 f9ally1 z ! ?ickness ( ! v>ni% 9 its less p]fect /ate 0 an ob/acle to precision ( execution1 increase ! proportion ( its oil to ! amb]1 or add a dilu5t1 z occasion requir$4 #abj4 ,su*1 at all ev5ts1 9 ! sum1 :atev] might be ! ord] or occasion ( discov]y1 7 ,van ,eyck's improvem5ts 9 ! vehicle ( color1 & to ^!1 appli$ by s+ul> +5uity & affection to ! imitation ( nature1 ) a fidelity hi!rto unattempt$1 ,mr4 ,ea/lake attributes ! influ5ce :i* 8 works obta9$ ov] 8 contempor>ies3-- 99 99 99 ,if we ask 9 :at ! *ief novelty ( 8 practice consi/$1 we %all at once recognize x 9 an am\nt ( g5]al excell5ce be=e unkn[n4 ,at all times1 f ,van ,eyck's day to ! pres5t1 :5ev] nature has be5 surpris+ly well imitat$ 9 pictures1 ! fir/ & la/ "q ) ! ignorant has be5--,:at mat]ials did ! arti/ use8 ,! sup]ior me*anical secret is always suppos$ to be 9 ! h&s ( ! greate/ g5ius2 & an e>ly example ( sudd5 p]fection 9 art1 l ! fame ( ! h]oes ( antiquity1 0 likely to monopolize & repres5t ! claims ( _m4--,ib4 p4 #bff4 99 99 99 ,?is is all true2 t ,van ,eyck saw nature m truly ?an 8 pr$ecessors is c]ta92 b x is disputable :e!r ?is r5d]+ ( nature recomm5d$ 8 works to ! imitation ( ! ,italians4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,mr4 ,ea/lake himself obs]ves 9 ano!r place 7p4 #bbj71 t ! "* ( delicate imitation common to ! ,flemi% pictures militat$ aga9/ ! acceptance ( _! me?od3-- 99 99 99 ,! specim5s ( ,van ,eyck1 ,hugo van d] ,goes1 ,meml+1 & o!rs1 :i* ! ,flor5t9es _h se51 may h appe>$1 9 ! eyes ( "s sev]e judges 7= example1 ^? :o daily /udi$ ! frescoes ( ,masaccio71 to indicate a c]ta9 connection betwe5 oil pa9t+ & m9ut5ess1 if n always ( size1 yet ( /yle4 ,! me?od1 by its v f9i% & ! possible complet5ess ( its gradations1 mu/ h seem$ well calculat$ to exhibit num]\s objects on a small scale4 ,t ?is 0 really ! impression produc$1 at a lat] p]iod1 on "o :o repres5t$ ! highe/ /yle ( design1 has be5 lately prov$ by means ( an int]e/+ docum5t1 9 :i* ! op9ions ( ,mi*ael ,angelo on ! "* ( ,flemi% pictures are record$ by a contempor>y arti/4#af 99 99 99 #aba4 ,x 0 n1 we appreh5d1 ! resemblance to nature1 b ! ab/ract p[] ( color1 :i* inflam$ ) admiration & jeal\sy ! arti/s ( ,italy2 x 0 n ! delicate t\* nor ! precise v]ity ( ,van ,eyck1 b ! vivacita de' colori 7says ,vas>i7 :i* at ! fir/ glance induc$ ,antonello da ,mess9a to put aside e o!r avocation & ?\ght1 & at once set out = ,fl&]s1 assidu\sly to cultivate ! fri5d%ip ( ,giovanni1 pres5t+ to him _m draw+s & o!r ?+s1 until ,giovanni1 f9d+ himself already old1 0 cont5t t ,antonello %\ld see ! me?od ( 8 color+ 9 oil1 nor !n to quit ,fl&]s until he _h ?or\ghly le>n$ t process4 ,x 0 ?is process1 sep>ate1 my/]i\s1 & admirable1 ^: communication ! ,v5etian1 ,dom5ico1 ?\ght ! mo/ acceptable k9dness :i* c\ld repay 8 hospitality2 & ^: solit>y possession ,ca/agno ?\ght *eaply pur*as$ by ! guilt ( ! betray] & murd]]2 x 0 9 ?is process1 ! d$uction ( wat*ful intellig5ce1 n by =tuit\s discov]y1 t ! fir/ impulse 0 giv5 to ,european art4 ,_m a plank _h yawn$ 9 ! sun be=e ,van ,eyck's2 b he alone saw ?r\gh ! r5t1 z ?r\gh an op5+ portal1 ! l(ty p]spective ( triumph wid5+ its rapid w$ge2--_m a spot ( opaque color _h cl\d$ ! transp>5t amb] ( e>li] times2 b ! little cl\d t rose ov] ,van ,eyck's horizon 0 l unto a man's h&4 ,:at ?is process 01 & h[ f> x diff]$ f prec$+ practice1 has h>dly1 p]haps1 be5 pron\nc$ by ,mr4 ,ea/lake ) suffici5t di/9ctness4 ,"o or two conclusions :i* he has n m>k$ are1 we ?9k1 d$ucible f 8 evid5ce1 ,9 "o po9t1 & t n an unimportant "o1 we believe t _m c>eful /ud5ts ( color+ w be dispos$ to diff] ) him3 our own int]m$iate op9ion we w !re=e v5ture to /ate1 ?\gh ) all diffid5ce4 #abb4 ,we mu/ n1 h[ev]1 pass entirely )\t notice ! two *apt]s on ! prep>ation ( oils1 & on ! oleo-res9\s vehicles1 ?\gh to ! g5]al read] ! recipes conta9$ 9 !m are ( little int]e/2 & 9 ! abs5ce ( all expression ( op9ion on ! "p ( ,mr4 ,ea/lake z to _! comp>ative excell5ce1 ev5 to ! arti/1 _! imm$iate utility appe>s some:at d\btful4 ,"o circum/ance1 h[ev]1 is rem>kable 9 all1 ! c>e tak5 by ! great pa9t]s1 )\t exception1 to avoid ! yell[+ ( _! oil4 ,p]fect & /able cle>ness is ! ultimate aim ( all ! processes describ$ 7_m ( !m tr\blesome & t$i\s 9 ! extreme73 & ! effect ( ! alt]$ oil is ( c\rse mo/ dread$ on pale & cold colors4 ,?us ,philippe ,nunez tells u h[ to purify l9se$ oil = :ite & blues2 & ,pa*eco1 el de l9aza no me quele mal3 aunque ai qui5 diga que no a de v] el ,azul ni el ,blanco e/e ,azeite4#ag ,de ,may]ne recomm5ds poppy oil = pa9t+ :ite1 blue1 & simil> colors1 s t !y %all n yell[2 & 9 ano!r place1 = air-t9ts & blue2--:ile ! incl9ation to gre5 is notic$ z an imp]fection 9 hempse$ oil3 s ,vas>i--speak+ ( l9se$-oil 9 contempor>y practice--b5*e il noce e meglio1 p]*e +ialla m5o4 ,! ,italians g5]ally mix$ an ess5tial oil ) _! delicate t9ts1 includ+ fle% t9ts 7p4 #dca74 ,extraord9>y me?ods 7 us$ by ! ,flemi% pa9t]s to protect _! blues2 !y 7 sometimes pa9t$ ) size1 & v>ni%$2 sometimes /rew$ 9 p[d] on fre% :ite-lead 7p4 #def74 ,leon>do gives a c>eful recipe = prev5t+ ! *ange ( color 9 nut oil1 suppos+ x to be ow+ to neglect 9 remov+ ! sk9 ( ! nut4 ,8 words1 giv5 at p4 #cba1 are incorrectly translat$3 una c]ta bucciol9a1 is n a husk or r9d--b a ?9 sk91 mean+ ! :ite membran\s cov]+ ( ! nut itself1 ( :i* x is almo/ impossible to deta* all ! inn] lam9ae4 ,?is1 *e ti5e della natura del mallo1 ,leon>do supposes to give ! express$ oil its prop]ty ( =m+ a sk9 at ! surface4 #abc4 ,we ?9k ^! passages int]e/+1 because !y are entirely oppos$ to ! mod]n ideas ( ! desirabl5ess ( yell[ lights & gre5 blues1 :i* h be5 introduc$ *iefly by ! /udy ( alt]$ pictures4 ,! anxiety ( ,rub5s1 express$ 9 v>i\s lett]s1 quot$ at p4 #eaf1 le/ any ( 8 :ites %\ld h become yell[1 & 8 reque/ t 8 pictures might be expos$ to ! sun to rem$y ! defect1 if x occurr$1 are conclusive on ?is subject1 z f> z reg>ds ! feel+ ( ! ,flemi% pa9t]s3 we %all pres5tly see t ! coolness ( _! light 0 an ess5tial "p ( _! s*eme ( color4 ,! te/+ ( ! v>i\s processes giv5 9 ^! two *apt]s mu/ be a matt] ( "t3 _m ( !m h be5 sup]s$$ by rec5t discov]ies4 ,copal v>ni% is 9 mod]n practice no ineffici5t sub/itute = amb]1 & we believe t mo/ arti/s w agree ) u 9 ?9k+ t ! vehicles n[ 9 use are suffici5t = all purposes1 if us$ rightly4 ,we %all1 !re=e1 proce$ 9 ! fir/ place to give a rapid sket* ( ! entire process ( ! ,flemi% s*ool z x is /at$ by ,mr4 ,ea/lake 9 ! #aa? *apt]1 & !n exam9e ! sev]al /eps ( x "o by "o1 ) ! view at once ( m>k+ :at seems disputable1 & ( d$uc+ f :at is c]ta9 "s consid]ations respect+ ! consequ5ces ( its adoption 9 subsequ5t art4 #abd4 ,! gr\nd 0 ) all ! e>ly ma/]s pure :ite1 pla/] ( ,p>is1 or wa%$ *alk ) size2 a prep>ation :i* has be5 employ$ )\t *ange f remote antiquity--witness ! ,egyptian mummy-cases4 ,su* a gr\nd1 becom+ brittle ) age1 is evid5tly unsafe on canvas1 unless exce$+ly ?92 & ev5 on panel is liable to crack & deta* itself1 unless x be c>efully gu>d$ aga9/ damp4 ,! precautions ( ,van ,eyck aga9/ ?is dang]1 z well z aga9/ ! w>p+ ( 8 panel1 are rem>kable in/ances ( 8 reg>d to po9ts app>5tly trivial3-- 99 99 99 ,9 l>ge alt>-pieces1 necess>ily compos$ ( _m pieces1 x may be (t5 rem>k$ t ea* sep>ate plank has become slightly convex 9 front3 ?is is p>ticul>ly obs]vable 9 ! picture ( ! ,transfiguration by ,raphael4 ,! heat ( c&les on alt>s is suppos$ to h be5 ! cause ( ?is n uncommon defect2 b heat1 if consid]able1 w\ld r produce ! contr>y appe>ance4 ,x w\ld seem t ! lay] ( pa9t1 ) its sub/ratum1 slightly op]ates to prev5t ! wood f contract+ or becom+ concave on t side2 x might !re=e be conclud$ t a simil> protection at ! back1 by equaliz+ ! conditions1 w\ld t5d to keep ! wood flat4 ,! oak panel on :i* ! picture by ,van ,eyck 9 ! ,national ,gall]y is pa9t$ is protect$ at ! back by a composition ( gesso1 size1 & t[1 ov] :i* a coat ( black oil-pa9t 0 pass$4 ,?is1 :e!r add$ :5 ! picture 0 execut$ or subsequ5tly1 has t5d$ to pres]ve ! wood 7:i* is n at all worm-eat571 & p]haps to prev5t its w>p+4--,ib4 pp4 #cgc1 #cgd4 99 99 99 ,on ! :ite gr\nd1 scrap$1 :5 x 0 p]fectly dry1 till x 0 z :ite z milk & z smoo? z ivory 7,c5n9i71 ! outl9e ( ! picture 0 drawn1 & its light & %ade express$1 usually ) ! p51 ) all possible c>e2 & ov] ?is outl9e a coat+ ( size 0 appli$ 9 ord] to r5d] ! gesso gr\nd non-absorb5t4 ,! e/abli%m5t ( ?is fact is ( ! greate/ importance1 = ! :ole "q ( ! true function & use ( ! gesso gr\nd hangs ^u x4 ,t use has be5 suppos$ by all previ\s writ]s on ! te*nical processes ( pa9t+ to be1 by absorb+ ! oil1 to remove 9 "s degree ! cause ( yell[ness 9 ! colors4 ,_h ?is be5 s1 ! gr\nd itself w\ld h lo/ its brilliancy1 & x w\ld h foll[$ t a d>k gr\nd1 equally absorb5t1 w\ld h answ]$ ! purpose z well4 ,b ! evid5ce adduc$ by ,mr4 ,ea/lake on ?is subject is conclusive3-- 99 99 99 ,pictures are sometimes transf]r$ f panel to clo?4 ,! front be+ secur$ by smoo? pap] or l951 ! picture is laid on its face1 & ! wood is gradually plan$ & scrap$ away4 ,at la/ ! gr\nd appe>s2 fir/1 ! 'gesso grosso1' !n1 next ! pa9t$ surface1 ! 'gesso sottile4' ,on scrap+ ?is x is f\nd t x is :ite/ imm$iately next ! colors2 = on ! inn] side x may sometimes h receiv$ slight /a9s f ! wood1 if ! latt] 0 n fir/ siz$4 ,:5 a picture :i* happ5s to be mu* crack$ has be5 oil$ or v>ni%$1 ! fluid w sometimes p5etrate ?r\gh ! cracks into ! gr\nd1 :i* 9 su* p>ts _h become accessible4 ,9 t case ! :ite gr\nd is /a9$ 9 l9es only1 correspond+ 9 _! direction ) ! cracks ( ! picture4 ,?is la/ circum/ance also proves t ! gr\nd 0 n suffici5tly h>d 9 itself to prev5t ! absorption ( oil4 ,accord+ly1 x requir$ to be r5d]$ non-absorb5t by a coat+ ( size2 & ?is 0 pass$ ov] ! outl9e1 be=e ! oil-prim+ 0 appli$4--,ib4 pp4 #chc1 #chd4 99 99 99 ,! p]fect :it5ess ( ! gr\nd be+ ?us secur$1 a transp>5t w>m oil-prim+1 9 e>ly practice fle%-color$1 0 usually pass$ ov] ! entire picture4 ,?is cu/om1 says ,mr4 ,ea/lake1 appe>s to h be5 a remnant ( ! old habit ( cov]+ temp]a pictures ) a w>m v>ni%1 & 0 sometimes omitt$4 ,:5 us$ x 0 p]mitt$ to dry ?or\ghly1 & ov] x ! %ad[s 7 pa9t$ 9 ) a ri* transp>5t br[n1 mix$ ) a some:at ?ick oleo-res9\s vehicle2 ! light] colors 7 !n add$ ) a ?9n] vehicle1 tak+ c>e n to di/urb ! transp>5cy ( ! %ad[s by ! unnecess>y mixture ( opaque pigm5ts1 & leav+ ! gr\nd be>+ bright ?r\gh ! ?9 lights4 787 ,z ! art advanc$1 ! lights 7 m & m load$1 & aft]w>ds glaz$1 ! %ad[s be+ /ill left 9 unt\*$ transp>5cy4 ,?is is ! me?od ( ,rub5s4 ,! lat] ,italian colori/s appe> to h laid opaque local color )\t fe> ev5 into ! %ad[s1 & to h recov]$ transp>5cy by ultimate glaz+4 #abe4 ,su* are ! pr9cipal heads ( ! me?od ( ! e>ly ,flemi% ma/]s1 z /at$ by ,mr4 ,ea/lake4 ,we h m>k$ z que/ionable ! influ5ce ( ! gr\nd 9 support+ ! lights3 our reasons = do+ s we w give1 aft] we h /at$ :at we suppose to be ! advantages or disadvantages ( ! process 9 its e>li] /ages1 guid+ ourselves z f> z possible by ! passages 9 :i* any expression occurs ( ,mr4 ,ea/lake's op9ion4 ,! read] _c b see t ! em95t "* ( ! :ole sy/em is its pr$et]m9at5ess4 ,f fir/ to la/ its success dep5d$ on ! decision & cle>ness ( ea* successive /ep4 ,! draw+ & light & %ade 7 secur$ )\t any int]f]5ce ( color2 b :5 ov] ^! ! oil-prim+ 0 once laid1 ! design c\ld nei!r be alt]$ nor1 if lo/1 recov]$2 a color laid too opaquely 9 ! %ad[ de/roy$ ! inn] organization ( ! picture1 & rema9$ an irrem$iable blemi%2 & x 0 necess>y1 9 lay+ color ev5 on ! lights1 to foll[ ! guidance ( ! draw+ b5ea? ) a caution & precision :i* r5d]$ any?+ l fre$om ( h&l+1 9 ! mod]n s5se1 totally impossible4 ,e quality :i* dep5ds on rapidity1 accid5t1 or audacity 0 int]dict$2 no affectation ( ease 0 suff]$ to di/urb ! humility ( pati5t ex]tion4 ,let our read]s consid] 9 :at temp] su* a "w mu/ be und]tak5 & c>ri$ ?r\gh--a "w 9 :i* error 0 irrem$iable1 *ange impossible--:i* dem&$ ! drudg]y ( a /ud5t1 :ile x involv$ ! delib]ation ( a ma/]--9 :i* ! pati5ce ( a me*anic 0 to be unit$ ) ! =esight ( a magician--9 :i* no lic5se c\ld be indulg$ ei!r to fitfulness ( temp] or felicity ( inv5tion--9 :i* ha/e 0 =bidd51 yet languor fatal1 & consi/5cy ( conception no less incumb5t ?an cont9uity ( toil4 ,let !m reflect :at k9d ( m5 mu/ h be5 call$ up & tra9$ by "w su* z ?is1 & !n comp>e ! tones ( m9d :i* are likely to be produc$ by our pres5t practice1--a practice 9 :i* alt]ation is admitt$ to any ext5t 9 any /age--9 :i* nei!r f\ndation is laid nor end =ese5--9 :i* all is d>$ & no?+ resolv$1 ev]y?+ p]il$1 no?+ provid$ =--9 :i* m5 play ! sycophant 9 ! c\rts ( _! humors1 & hunt wisps 9 ! m>%es ( _! wits--a practice :i* invokes accid5t1 evades law1 discr$its application1 despises sy/em1 & sets =? ) *ief exultation1 cont+5t beauty1 & extempore inv5tion4 #abf4 ,b x is n only ! fix$ nature ( ! successive /eps :i* influ5c$ ! "* ( ^! e>ly pa9t]s4 ,a peculi> direction 0 giv5 to _! ef=ts by ! close att5tion to draw+ :i*1 z ,mr4 ,ea/lake has especially notic$1 0 involv$ 9 ! prep>ation ( ! design on ! :ite gr\nd4 ,t design 0 secur$ ) a c>e & f9i% :i* 9 _m in/ances might seem altoge!r sup]]ogatory4#ah ,! prep>ation by ,john ,bell9i 9 ! ,flor5t9e gall]y is complet$ ) exhau/less dilig5ce into ev5 ! portions f>!/ remov$ f ! light1 :]e ! ?ick br[n ( ! %ad[s mu/ necess>ily h aft]w>ds conceal$ ! great] "p ( ! "w4 ,x 0 ! discipl9e und]gone 9 produc+ ?is prep>ation :i* fix$ ! "* ( ! s*ool4 ,! mo/ important "p ( ! picture 0 execut$ n ) ! bru%1 b ) ! po9t1 & ! ref9em5ts atta9able by ?is in/rum5t dictat$ ! treatm5t ( _! subject4 ,h5ce ! transition to et*+ & engrav+1 & ! int5se love ( m9ute detail1 accompani$ by an imag9ative communication ( dignity & p[] to ! smalle/ =ms1 9 ,alb]t ,du]] & o!rs4 ,b ?is att5tion to m9utiae 0 n ! only result2 ! disposition ( light & %ade 0 also affect$ by ! me?od4 ,%ade 0 n to be _h at small co/2 its masses c\ld n be da%$ on 9 impetu\s g5]alization1 fields = ! future recov]y ( light4 ,!y 7 measur$ out & wr\ght to _! dep?s only by exp5diture ( toil & "t2 &1 z future gr\nds = color1 !y 7 necess>ily re/rict$ to ! natural %ad[ ( e object1 :ite be+ left = high lights ( :atev] hue4 ,9 consequ5ce1 ! "* ( p]vad+ daylight1 almo/ inevitably produc$ 9 ! prep>ation1 0 aft]w>ds assum$ z a /&>d 9 ! pa9t+4 ,effectism1 accid5tal %ad[s1 all obvi\s & vulg> arti/ical treatm5t1 7 exclud$1 or introduc$ only z ! lights became m load$1 & 7 consequ5tly impos$ ) m facility on ! d>k gr\nd4 ,:]e %ade 0 requir$ 9 l>ge mass1 x 0 obta9$ by introduc+ an object ( locally d>k color4 ,! ,italian ma/]s :o foll[$ ,van ,eyck's sy/em 7 9 ! con/ant habit ( reliev+ _! pr9cipal figures by ! d>kness ( "s object1 foliage1 ?rone1 or drap]y1 introduc$ beh9d ! head1 ! op5 sky be+ left visible on ea* side4 ,a gre5 drap]y is ?us us$ ) great qua9tness by ,john ,bell9i 9 ! noble picture ( ! ,br]a ,gall]y2 a black scre51 ) m>bl$ ve9s1 beh9d ! portraits ( himself & 8 bro!r 9 ! ,l\vre2 a crimson velvet curta9 beh9d ! ,madonna1 9 ,francia's be/ picture at ,bologna4 ,:]e ! subject 0 sacr$1 & ! pa9t] great1 ?is sy/em ( p]vad+ light produc$ pictures ( a peculi> & tranquil maje/y2 :]e ! m9d ( ! pa9t] 0 irregul>ly or frivol\sly imag9ative1 its temptations to accumulative detail 7 too great to be resi/$--! spectator 0 by ! ,g]man ma/]s ov]:elm$ ) ! copi\s inconsi/5cy ( a dream1 or compell$ to trav]se ! picture f corn] to corn] l a museum ( curiosities4 #abg4 ,! *alk or p5 prep>ation be+ complet$1 & ! oil-prim+ laid1 we h se5 t ! %ad[s 7 laid 9 ) a transp>5t br[n 9 consid]able body4 ,! "q next arises--,:at influ5ce is ?is "p ( ! process likely to h _h ^u ! color+ ( ! s*ool8 ,x is to be rememb]$ t ! practice 0 cont9u$ to ! late/ times1 & t :5 ! ?9 light _h be5 long ab&on$1 & a load$ body ( color _h tak5 its place1 ! br[n transp>5t %ad[ 0 /ill reta9$1 & is reta9$ (t5 to ?is day1 :5 asphaltum is us$ z its base1 at ! risk ( ! de/ruction ( ! picture4 ,! utt] loss ( _m ( ,reynolds' noble/ works has be5 caus$ by ! lavi% use ( ?is pigm5t4 ,:at ! pigm5t actually 0 9 old] times is left by ,mr4 ,ea/lake undecid$3-- 99 99 99 ,a ri* br[n1 :i*1 :e!r an e>? or m9]al alone1 or a sub/ance ( ! k9d enri*$ by ! addition ( a transp>5t yell[ or orange1 is n an unimportant elem5t ( ! gl[+ color+ :i* is rem>kable 9 examples ( ! s*ool4 ,su* a color1 by artificial comb9ations at lea/1 is easily suppli$2 & x is repeat$1 t1 9 g5]al1 ! mat]ials n[ 9 use are q z good z ^? :i* ! ,flemi% ma/]s _h at _! comm&4--,ib4 p4 #dhh4 99 99 99 ,at p4 #ddf x is also ass]t$ t ! peculi> gl[ ( ! br[n ( ,rub5s is h>dly to be acc\nt$ = by any accid5tal v>iety 9 ! ,cassel e>?s1 b 0 obta9$ by ! mixture ( a transp>5t yell[4 ,evid5ce1 h[ev]1 exi/s ( asphaltum hav+ be5 us$ 9 ,flemi% pictures1 & ) safety1 ev5 ?\gh prep>$ 9 ! mod]n mann]3-- 99 99 99 ,x is n gr\nd 7says ,de ,may]ne71 b a dry+ oil is prep>$ ) li?>ge1 & ! pulv]iz$ asphaltum mix$ ) ?is oil is plac$ 9 a glass vessel1 susp5d$ by a ?read 9 a wat] ba?4 ,?us expos$ to ! fire x melts l butt]2 :5 x beg9s to boil x is in/antly remov$4 ,x is an excell5t color = %ad[s1 & may be glaz$ l lake2 x la/s well4--,ib4 p4 #dfc4 99 99 99 #abh4 ,! great advantage ( ?is prim>y lay+ 9 ( ! d>ks 9 br[n 0 ! obta9+ an unity ( %ad[ ?r\gh\t ! picture1 :i* r5d]$ v>iety ( hue1 :]e x occurr$1 an in/antly accept$ evid5ce ( light4 ,x matt]$ n h[ vigor\s or h[ deep 9 tone ! masses ( local color might be1 ! eye c\ld n conf\nd !m ) true %ad[2 x ev]y:]e di/+ui%$ ! transp>5t br[ns z indicative ( gloom1 & became acutely s5sible ( ! pres5ce & preci\sness ( light :]ev] local t9ts rose out ( _! dep?s4 ,b h[ev] sup]ior ?is me?od may be to ! arbitr>y use ( poly*rome %ad[s1 utt]ly unrelat$ to ! lights1 :i* has be5 admitt$ 9 mod]n works2 & h[ev] beautiful or brilliant its results might be 9 ! h&s ( colori/s z fai?ful z ,van ,eyck1 or z inv5tive z ,rub5s2 ! pr9ciple on :i* x is bas$ becomes dang]\s :5ev]1 9 assum+ t ! ultimate hue ( e %ad[ is br[n1 x presupposes a peculi> & conv5tional light4 ,x is true1 t s long z ! e>ly practice ( f9i%+ ! "u-draw+ ) ! p5 0 cont9u$1 ! gray ( t prep>ation might p]haps dim9i% ! =ce ( ! upp] color1 :i* became 9 t case little m ?an a gl[+ v>ni%--ev5 ?us sometimes v]g+ on too monoton\s w>m?1 z ! read] may obs]ve 9 ! head ( ,d&olo1 by ,john ,bell9i1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y4 ,b :51 by lat] & m impetu\s h&s1 ! po9t trac+ 0 disp5s$ )1 & ! picture boldly ?r[n 9 ) ! br[n pigm5t1 x became matt] ( great improbability t ! =ce ( su* a preval5t t9t c\ld aft]w>ds be s(t5$ or melt$ into a pure h>mony2 ! pa9t]'s feel+ = tru? 0 blunt$2 brilliancy & ri*ness became 8 object r ?an s9c]ity or solemnity2 ) ! pall$ s5se ( color dep>t$ ! love ( light1 & ! diffus$ sun%9e ( ! e>ly s*ools di$ away 9 ! n>r[$ rays ( ,rembr&t4 ,we ?9k x a defici5cy 9 ! "w be=e u t ! extreme p]il ( su* a pr9ciple1 incauti\sly appli$1 has n be5 po9t$ out1 & t ! me?od ( ,rub5s has be5 s highly extoll$ = its te*nical p]fection1 )\t ! slighte/ notice ( ! gross mann]ism into :i* its facile brilliancy too frequ5tly betray$ ! mighty ma/]4 #abi4 ,yet x rema9s a "q h[ f>1 "u c]ta9 limitations & = c]ta9 effects1 ?is sy/em ( pure br[n %ad[ may be successfully foll[$4 ,x is n a little s+ul> t x has already be5 reviv$ 9 wat]-colors by a pa9t] :o1 9 8 realization ( light & spl5dor ( hue1 /&s )\t a rival among liv+ s*ools--,mr4 ,hunt2 8 neutral %ad[s be+1 we believe1 fir/ ?r[n 9 frankly ) sepia1 ! color introduc$ ^u ! lights1 & ! c5tral lights aft]w>ds fur!r rais$ by body color1 & glaz$4 ,b 9 ?is process ! sepia %ad[s are admitt$ only on objects ^: local colors are w>m or neutral2 :]ev] ! t9t ( ! illum9$ portion is delicate or peculi>1 a relative hue ( %ade is at once laid on ! :ite pap]2 & ! correspond5ce ) ! ,flemi% s*ool is 9 ! use ( br[n z ! ultimate repres5tative ( deep gloom1 & 9 ! c>eful pres]vation ( its transp>5cy1 n 9 ! application ( br[n univ]sally z ! %ade ( all colors4 ,we appreh5d t ?is practice repres5ts1 9 ano!r m$ium1 ! v be/ mode ( apply+ ! ,flemi% sy/em2 & t :5 ! result propos$ is an effect ( vivid color "u bright cool sun%9e1 x w\ld be impossible to adopt any m p]fect means4 ,b a sy/em :i* 9 any /age prescribes ! use ( a c]ta9 pigm5t1 implies ! adoption ( a con/ant aim1 & becomes1 9 t degree1 conv5tional4 ,suppose t ! effect desir$ be nei!r ( sunlight nor ( bright color1 b ( grave color subdu$ by atmosph]e1 & we believe t ! use ( br[n = an ultimate %ad[ w\ld be highly inexp$i5t4 ,) ,van ,eyck & ) ,rub5s ! aim 0 always consi/5t3 cle> daylight1 diffus$ 9 ! "o case1 conc5trat$ 9 ! o!r1 0 yet ! hope1 ! necessity ( bo?2 & any process :i* admitt$ ! slighte/ dimness1 coldness1 or opacity1 w\ld h be5 consid]$ an error 9 _! sy/em by ei!r4 ,alike1 to ,rub5s1 came subjects ( tumult or tranquillity1 ( gayety or t]ror2 ! ne!r1 e>?ly1 & upp] _w 7 to him animat$ ) ! same feel+1 light$ by ! same sun2 he dy$ 9 ! same lake ( fire ! w>p ( ! w$d+-g>m5t or ( ! w9d+-%eet2 swept into ! same delirium ! recklessness ( ! s5suali/1 & rapture ( ! an*orite2 saw 9 te>s only _! glitt]+1 & 9 torture only its flu%4 ,to su* a pa9t]1 reg>d+ e subject 9 ! same temp]1 & all z m]e motives = ! display ( ! p[] ( 8 art1 ! ,flemi% sy/em1 improv$ z x became 9 8 h&s1 0 alike suffici5t & habitual4 ,b among ! great] colori/s ( ,italy ! aim 0 n always s simple nor ! me?od s det]m9able4 ,we f9d ,t9toret pass+ l a fire-fly f light to d>kness 9 "o oscillation1 rang+ f ! fulle/ prism ( sol> color to ! colde/ grays ( twilight1 & f ! silv] t+e+ ( a morn+ cl\d to ! lava fire ( a volcano3 "o mom5t %utt+ himself into obscure *amb]s ( imag]y1 ! next plung$ into ! revolutionless day ( heav51 & pi]c+ space1 deep] ?an ! m9d c foll[ or ! eye fa?om2 we f9d him by turns appall+1 p5sive1 spl5did1 pr(\nd1 pr(use2 & ?r\gh\t sacrific+ e m9or quality to ! p[] ( 8 preval5t mood4 ,by su* an arti/ x might1 p]haps1 be presum$ t a diff]5t sy/em ( color w\ld be adopt$ 9 almo/ e picture1 & t if a *i>oscuro gr\nd 7 indep5d5tly laid1 x w\ld be 9 a neutral gray1 susceptible aft]w>ds ( h>mony ) any tone he might det]m9e ^u1 & n 9 ! vivid br[n :i* necessitat$ brilliancy ( subsequ5t effect4 ,we believe1 accord+ly1 t :ile "s ( ! pieces ( ?is ma/]'s ri*] color1 su* z ! ,adam & ,eve 9 ! ,gall]y ( ,v5ice1 & we suspect also ! miracle ( ,/4 ,m>k1 may be execut$ on ! pure ,flemi% sy/em1 ! great] numb] ( 8 l>ge compositions w be f\nd bas$ on a gray %ad[2 & t ?is gray %ad[ 0 indep5d5tly laid we h m direct pro( 9 ! ass]tion ( ,bos*9i1 :o receiv$ 8 in=mation f ! y\ng] ,palma3 ,qu&o haveva /abilita que/a importante di/ribuzione1 abboggiava il quadro tutto di *i>oscuro2 & we h1 !re=e1 no d\bt t ,t9toret's well-kn[n reply to ! "q1 ,:at 7 ! mo/ beautiful colors8 ,il n]o1 e il bianco1 is to be receiv$ 9 a p]fectly lit]al s5se1 beyond & above its evid5t ref]5ce to ab/ract pr9ciple4 ,its ma9 & mo/ valuable mean+ 01 ( c\rse1 t ! design & light & %ade ( a picture 7 ( great] importance ?an its color2 7& ?is ,t9toret felt s ?or\ghly t !re is n "o ( 8 works :i* w\ld s]i\sly lose 9 p[] if x 7 translat$ into *i>oscuro72 b x impli$ also t ,t9toret's idea ( a %ad[$ prep>ation 0 9 gray1 & n 9 br[n4 #acj4 ,b !re is a f>!r & m ess5tial gr\nd ( diff]5ce 9 sy/em ( %ad[ betwe5 ! ,flemi% & ,italian colori/s4 ,x is a well-kn[n optical fact t ! color ( %ad[ is complem5tal to t ( light3 & t !re=e1 9 g5]al t]ms1 w>m light has cool %ad[1 & cool light hot %ad[4 ,! noble/ ma/]s ( ! nor!rn & s\!rn s*ools respectively adopt$ ^! contr>y keys2 & :ile ! ,flem+s rais$ _! lights 9 fro/y :ite & pe>ly grays out ( a gl[+ %ad[1 ! ,italians oppos$ ! deep & burn+ rays ( _! gold5 heav5 to masses ( solemn gray & maje/ic blue4 ,ei!r1 !re=e1 _! prep>ation mu/ h be5 diff]5t1 or !y 7 able1 :5 !y *ose1 to conqu] ! w>m? ( ! gr\nd by sup]impos$ color4 ,we believe1 accord+ly1 t ,correggio w be f\nd--z /at$ 9 ! notes ( ,reynolds quot$ at p4 #die--to h habitually gr\nd$ ) black1 :ite1 & ultram>9e1 !n glaz+ ) gold5 transp>5t colors2 :ile ,titian us$ ! mo/ vigor\s br[ns1 & conqu]$ !m ) cool color 9 mass above4 ,! rem>kable sket* ( ,leon>do 9 ! ,uffizii ( ,flor5ce is comm5c$ 9 br[n--ov] ! br[n is laid an olive gre51 on :i* ! highe/ lights are /ruck ) :ite4 ,n[ x is well kn[n to ev5 ! m]ely decorative pa9t] t no color c be brilliant :i* is laid ov] "o ( a correspond+ key1 & t ! be/ gr\nd = any giv5 opaque color w be a comp>atively subdu$ t9t ( ! complem5tal "o2 ( gre5 "u r$1 ( violet "u yell[1 & ( orange or br[n !re=e "u blue4 ,we appreh5d accord+ly t ! real value ( ! br[n gr\nd ) ,titian 0 f> great] ?an ev5 ) ,rub5s2 x 0 to support & give preci\sness to cool color above1 :ile x rema9$ itself unt\*$ z ! repres5tative ( w>m reflexes & extreme dep? ( transp>5t gloom4 ,we believe ?is employm5t ( ! br[n gr\nd to be ! only means ( unit+ maje/y ( hue ) pr(undity ( %ade4 ,b its value to ! ,flem+ is connect$ ) ! managem5t ( ! lights1 :i* we h next to consid]4 ,z we "h v5ture = ! fir/ "t to disagree 9 "s measure ) ,mr4 ,ea/lake1 let u be sure t we /ate 8 op9ion fairly4 ,he says3-- 99 99 99 ,! light w>m t9t :i* ,van ,m&] assumes to h be5 g5]ally us$ 9 ! oil-prim+ 0 sometimes omitt$1 z unf9i%$ pictures prove4 ,"u su* circum/ances1 ! picture may h be5 execut$ at once on ! siz$ outl9e4 ,9 ! works ( ,lucas van ,leyd51 & sometimes 9 ^? ( ,alb]t ,du]]1 ! ?9 yet brilliant lights exhibit a /ill bright] gr\nd und]nea? 7p4 #chi74444 ,x ?us appe>s t ! me?od propos$ by ! inv5tors ( oil-pa9t+1 ( pres]v+ light )9 ! colors1 involv$ a c]ta9 ord] ( processes4 ,! pr9cipal conditions 73 fir/1 t ! outl9e %\ld be complet$ on ! panel be=e ! pa9t+1 prop]ly s call$1 0 begun4 ,! object1 9 ?us def9+ ! =ms1 0 to avoid alt]ations & repa9t+s1 :i* might ultimately r5d] ! gr\nd useless )\t supply+ its place4 ,ano!r condition 0 to avoid load+ ! opaque colors4 ,?is limitation 0 n ess5tial ) reg>d to ! transp>5t colors1 z su* c\ld h>dly exclude ! bright gr\nd 7p4 #cih74444 ,! sy/em ( color+ adopt$ by ! ,van ,eycks may h be5 influ5c$ by ! practice ( glass-pa9t+4 ,!y appe>1 9 _! fir/ ef=ts at lea/1 to h consid]$ ! :ite panel z repres5t+ light beh9d a color$ & transp>5t m$ium1 & aim$ at giv+ brilliancy to _! t9ts by all[+ ! :ite gr\nd to %9e ?r\gh !m4 ,if ^? pa9t]s & _! foll[]s err$1 x 0 9 sometimes too lit]ally c>ry+ out ?is pr9ciple4 ,_! lights are always transp>5t 7m]e :ite except$7 & _! %ad[s sometimes want dep?4 ,?is is 9 accordance ) ! effect ( glass-/a9+1 9 :i* transp>5cy may cease ) d>kness1 b nev] ) light4 ,! sup]ior me?od ( ,rub5s consi/$ 9 pres]v+ transp>5cy *iefly 9 8 d>ks1 & 9 contra/+ _! lucid dep? ) solid lights 7p4 #djh74444 ,among ! te*nical improvem5ts on ! old] process may be especially m5tion$ ! pres]vation ( transp>5cy 9 ! d>k] masses1 ! lights be+ load$ z requir$4 ,! sy/em ( exhibit+ ! bright gr\nd ?r\gh ! %ad[s /ill involv$ an adh]5ce to ! orig9al me?od ( def9+ ! composition at fir/2 & ! solid pa9t+ ( ! lights op5$ ! door to t fre$om ( execution :i* ! works ( ! e>ly ma/]s want$4 7p4 #dij47 99 99 99 #aca4 ,we ?9k we _c h err$ 9 conclud+ f ^! scatt]$ passages t ,mr4 ,ea/lake supposes ! brilliancy ( ! high lights ( ! e>li] s*ools to be attributable to ! "u-p[] ( ! :ite gr\nd4 ,?is we admit1 s f> z t gr\nd gave value to ! transp>5t fle%-color$ or br[n prep>ation above x2 b we d\bt ! transp>5cy ( ! highe/ lights1 & ! p[] ( any :ite gr\nd to add brilliancy to opaque colors4 ,we h ourselves nev] se5 an in/ance ( a pa9t$ brilliant light t 0 n load$ to ! exclusion ( ! gr\nd4 ,second>y lights inde$ are (t5 p]fectly transp>5t1 a w>m hat*+ ov] ! "u-:ite2 ! highe/ light itself may be s--b !n x is ! :ite gr\nd itself subdu$ by transp>5t d>k] color1 n support+ a light color4 ,9 ! ,van ,eyck 9 ! ,national ,gall]y all ! brilliant lights are load$2 m]e :ite1 ,mr4 ,ea/lake himself admits1 0 always s2 & we believe t ! fle%-color & c>nations are pa9t$ ) color z opaque z ! :ite head-dress1 b fail ( brilliancy f n be+ load$ en\gh2 ! :ite gr\nd b5ea? be+ utt]ly unable to add to ! p[] ( su* t9ts1 :ile its effect on m subdu$ tones dep5d$ 9 great measure on its receiv+ a transp>5t coat ( w>m color fir/4 ,?is may h be5 sometimes omitt$1 z /at$ at p4 #chi2 :5 x 0 s1 we believe t an utt] loss ( brilliancy mu/ h result$2 b :5 x 0 us$1 ! highe/ lights mu/ h be5 rais$ f x by opaque color z di/9ctly by ,van ,eyck z by ,rub5s4 ,rub5s' ,judgm5t ( ,p>is is quot$ at p4 #chh z an example ( ! be/ use ( ! bright gesso gr\nd3--& h[ 9 t picture1 h[ 9 all ,rub5s' be/ pictures1 is x us$8 ,ov] ! gr\nd is ?r[n a transp>5t gl[+ br[n t9t1 v>i$ & deep5$ 9 ! %ad[2 boldly ov] t br[n glaze1 & into x1 are /ruck & pa9t$ ! opaque gray middle t9ts1 already conceal+ ! gr\nd totally2 & above ^! are load$ ! high lights l gems--note ! sp>kl+ /rokes on ! peacock's plumes4 ,we believe t ,van ,eyck's high lights 7 ei!r1 9 proportion to ! scale ( picture & bread? ( h&l+1 z load$ z ^!1 or1 9 ! degree ( _! ?9ness1 less brilliant4 ,0 !n 8 sy/em ! same z ,rub5s'8 ,n s2 b x diff]$ m 9 ! managem5t ( middle t9ts ?an 9 ! lights3 ! ma9 diff]5ce 01 we believe1 betwe5 ! c>eful prep>ation ( ! gradations ( draw+ 9 ! "o1 & ! d>+ assumption ( massy light 9 ! o!r4 ,!re are !ori/s :o w\ld ass]t t _! sy/em 0 ! same--b !y =get ! primal "w1 ) ! po9t und]nea?1 & all t x impli$ ( transp>5cy above4 ,van ,eyck secur$ 8 draw+ 9 d>k1 !n ?rew a pale transp>5t middle t9t ov] ! :ole1 & recov]$ 8 highe/ lights2 all 0 transp>5t except ^!4 ,rub5s ?rew a d>k middle t9t ov] ! :ole at fir/1 & !n gave ! draw+ ) opaque gray4 ,all 0 opaque except ! %ad[s4 ,no slight diff]5ce ?is1 :5 we reflect on ! contr>ieties ( practice ultimately connect$ ) ! oppos+ pr9ciples2 above all on ! em95t "o t1 z all ,van ,eyck's color1 except ! high lights1 mu/ h be5 equival5t to a glaze1 :ile ! great body ( color 9 ,rub5s 0 solid 7ultimately glaz$ occasionally1 b n necess>ily71 x 0 possible = ,van ,eyck to mix 8 t9ts to ! local hues requir$1 ) f> less dang] ( heav9ess 9 effect ?an w\ld h be5 incurr$ 9 ! solid pa9t+ ( ,rub5s4 ,?is is especially notic$ by ,mr4 ,ea/lake1 ) :om we are delight$ aga9 to concur3-- 99 99 99 ,! practice ( us+ comp\nd t9ts has n be5 approv$ by colori/s2 ! me?od1 z introduc$ by ! e>ly ma/]s1 0 adapt$ to c]ta9 conditions1 b1 l _m ( _! processes1 0 aft]w>ds misappli$4 ,vas>i in=ms u t ,lor5zo di ,cr$i1 ^: exagg]at$ nicety 9 te*nical details almo/ equal$ t ( ,g]>d ,d[1 0 9 ! habit ( mix+ ab\t ?irty t9ts be=e he began to "w4 ,! opposite extreme is p]haps no less objectionable4 ,mu* may dep5d on ! skillful use ( ! gr\nd4 ,! pure/ color 9 an opaque /ate & sup]ficially light only1 is less brilliant ?an ! f\le/ mixture ?r\gh :i* light %9es4 ,h5ce1 z long z ! :ite gr\nd 0 visible )9 ! t9ts1 ! habit ( mat*+ colors f nature 7no matt] by :at complication ( hues1 provid$ ! +r$i5ts 7 n *emically injuri\s to ea* o!r7 0 likely to comb9e ! tru? ( negative hues ) cle>ness4--,ib4 p4 #djj4 99 99 99 #acb4 ,^! passages op5 to u a s]ies ( que/ions f> too intricate to be ev5 cursorily treat$ )9 our limits4 ,x is to be held 9 m9d t "o & ! same quality ( color or k9d ( brilliancy is n always ! be/2 ! phases & ph5om5a ( color are innum]able 9 reality1 & ev5 ! modes ( imitat+ !m become exp$i5t or o!rwise1 accord+ to ! aim & scale ( ! picture4 ,x is no "q ( m]e au?ority :e!r ! mixture ( t9ts to a comp\nd "o1 or _! juxtaposition 9 a /ate ( purity1 be ! bett] practice4 ,!re is n ! slighte/ d\bt t1 ! gr\nd be+ ! same1 a /ippl$ t9t is m brilliant & ri* ?an a mix$ "o2 nor is !re d\bt on ! o!r h& t 9 "s subjects su* a t9t is impossible1 & 9 o!rs vulg>4 ,we h above allud$ to ! p[] ( ,mr4 ,hunt 9 wat]-color4 ,! fruit-pieces ( t arti/ are dep5d5t = _! spl5dor *iefly on ! juxtaposition ( pure color = comp\nd t9ts1 & we may safely affirm t ! me?od is = su* purpose z exempl>y z its results are admirable4 ,yet w\ld y desire to see ! same means adopt$ 9 ! execution ( ! fruit 9 ,rub5s' ,peace & ,w>8 ,or aga91 w\ld ! lusci\sness ( t9t obta9$ by ,rub5s himself1 adopt+ ! same means on a gr&] scale 9 8 pa9t+ ( fle%1 h be5 conducive to ! ends or grateful to ! feel+s ( ! ,bell9is or ,alb]t ,du]]8 ,ea* me?od is admirable z appli$ by its ma/]2 & ,heml+ & ,van ,eyck are z mu* to be foll[$ 9 ! m+l+ ( color1 z ,rub5s & ,rembr&t 9 its decomposition4 ,if an aw>d is absolutely to be made ( sup]iority to ei!r sy/em1 we appreh5d t ! palm ( me*anical skill mu/ be r5d]$ to ! latt]1 & high] dignity ( moral purpose confess$ 9 ! =m]2 9 proportion to ! nobl5ess ( ! subject & ! ?\ghtfulness ( its treatm5t1 simplicity ( color w be f\nd m desirable4 ,nor is ! f> high] p]fection ( draw+ atta9$ by ! e>li] me?od to be =gott54 ,gradations :i* are express$ by delicate execution ( ! d>ks1 & !n aid$ by a few /rokes ( recov]$ light1 mu/ always be m subtle & true ?an ^? :i* are /ruck viol5tly =? ) opaque color2 & x is to be rememb]$ t ! h&l+ ( ! bru%1 ) ! e>ly ,italian ma/]s1 approa*$ 9 its ref9em5t to draw+ ) ! po9t--! m def9itely1 because ! "w 0 execut$1 z we h j se51 ) little *ange or play ( local color4 ,&--:atev] discr$it ! loos] & bold] practice ( lat] ma/]s may h ?r[n on ! hat*$ & p5cil$ execution ( e>li] p]iods--we ma9ta9 t ?is me?od1 necess>y 9 fresco1 & foll[$ habitually 9 ! fir/ oil pictures1 has produc$ ! noble/ r5d]+s ( human expression 9 ! :ole range ( ! examples ( art3 ! be/ works ( ,raphael1 all ! glori\s portraiture ( ,ghirl&ajo & ,masaccio1 all ! mightie/ a*ievem5ts ( religi\s zeal 9 ,francia1 ,p]ug9o1 ,bell9i1 & su* o!rs4 ,take z an example 9 fresco ,masaccio's ha/y sket* ( himself n[ 9 ! ,uffizii2 & 9 oil1 ! two heads ( monks by ,p]ug9o 9 ! ,academy ( ,flor5ce2 & we %all se>* 9 va9 = any "w 9 portraiture1 execut$ 9 opaque colors1 :i* c\ld cont5d ) !m 9 dep? ( expression or 9 fullness ( record$ life--n m]e imitative vitality1 b *ronicl$ action4 ,& we h no hesitation 9 ass]t+ t :]e ! object ( ! pa9t] is expression1 & ! picture is ( a size admitt+ c>eful execution1 ! transp>5t sy/em1 develop$ z x is f\nd 9 ,bell9i or ,p]ug9o1 w atta9 ! mo/ pr(\nd & s]5e color1 :ile x w nev] betray into loos5ess or audacity4 ,b if 9 ! m9d ( ! pa9t] inv5tion prevail ov] v5]ation1--if 8 eye be creative r ?an p5etrative1 & 8 h& m p[]ful ?an pati5t--let him n be conf9$ to a sy/em :]e light1 once lo/1 is z irrecov]able z "t1 & :]e all success dep5ds on husb&ry ( res\rce4 ,d n measure out to him 8 sun%9e 9 in*es ( gesso2 let him h ! p[] ( /rik+ x ev5 out ( d>kness & ! deep4 #acc4 ,if human life 7 endless1 or human _s c\ld fit its compass to its w1 x is possible a p]fection might be rea*$ :i* %\ld unite ! maje/y ( inv5tion ) ! meekness ( love4 ,we might conceive t ! ?\ght1 arre/$ by ! readie/ means1 & at fir/ repres5t$ by ! bolde/ symbols1 might aft]w>ds be set =? ) solemn & /udi$ expression1 & t ! p[] might "k no we>9ess 9 clo?+ :i* _h kn[n no re/ra9t 9 creat+4 ,b dilation & contraction are = molluscs1 n = m52 we are n r+$ into flexibility l worms1 nor gift$ ) opposite sight & mutable color l *ameleons4 ,! m9d :i* molds & summons _c at w transmute itself into t :i* cl+s & contemplates2 nor is x giv5 to u at once to h ! pott]'s p[] ov] ! lump1 ! fire's ^u ! clay1 & ! gild]'s ^u ! porcela94 ,ev5 ! temp] 9 :i* we behold ^! v>i\s displays ( m9d mu/ be diff]5t2 & x admits ( m ?an d\bt :e!r1 if ! bold "w ( rapid ?\ght 7 aft]w>ds 9 all its =ms complet$ ) microscopic c>e1 ! result w\ld be o!r ?an pa9ful4 ,9 ! %ad[ at ! foot ( ,t9toret's picture ( ! ,temptation1 lies a brok5 rock-b[ld]4#ai ,! d>k gr\nd has be5 fir/ laid 91 ( color ne>ly uni=m2 & ov] x a few1 n m ?an fifte5 or tw5ty1 /rokes ( ! bru%1 load$ ) a light gray1 h qu>ri$ ! solid block ( /one out ( ! vacancy4 ,probably t5 m9utes are ! utmo/ "t :i* ^? /rokes h occupi$1 ?\gh ! rock is "s f\r feet squ>e4 ,x may safely be affirm$ t no o!r me?od1 h[ev] labori\s1 c\ld h rea*$ ! tru? ( =m :i* results f ! v fre$om ) :i* ! conception has be5 express$2 b x is a tru? ( ! simple/ k9d--! def9ition ( a /one1 r ?an ! pa9t+ ( "o--& ! lights are 9 "s degree dead & cold--! natural consequ5ce ( /rik+ a mix$ opaque pigm5t ov] a d>k gr\nd4 ,x w\ld n[ be possible to treat ?is skeleton ( a /one1 :i* c\ld only h be5 knit toge!r by ,t9toret's r\gh temp]1 ) ! c>e ( a ,flem+2 to leave its fi]cely-/rick5 lights emanat+ f a gold5 gr\nd1 to gradate ) ! p5 its pond]\s %ad[s1 & 9 its completion1 to dwell ) endless & intricate precision ^u fib]s ( moss1 bells ( hea?1 blades ( grass1 & films ( li*54 ,love l ,van ,eyck's w\ld sep>ate ! fib]s z if !y 7 /ems ( =e/1 tw9e ! ribb$ grass into fanciful articulation1 %ad[ =? capes & isl&s 9 ! v>iegat$ film1 & hang ! purple bells 9 c\nt$ *im+4 ,a ye> might pass away1 & ! "w yet be incomplete2 yet w\ld ! purpose ( ! great picture h be5 bett] answ]$ :5 all _h be5 a*iev$8 or if s1 is x to be wi%$ t a ye> ( ! life ( ,t9toret 7c\ld su* a ?+ be conceiv$ possible7 _h be5 s devot$8 #acd4 ,we h put 9 z broad & extravagant a view z possible ! diff]5ce ( object 9 ! two sy/ems ( load$ & transp>5t light2 b x is to be rememb]$ t bo? are 9 a c]ta9 degree compatible1 & t :atev] exclusive argum5ts may be adduc$ 9 favor ( ! load$ sy/em apply only to ! ultimate /ages ( ! "w4 ,! "q is n :e!r ! :ite gr\nd be exp$i5t 9 ! comm5cem5t--b h[ f> x mu/ ( necessity be pres]v$ to ! close8 ,!re _c be ! slighte/ d\bt t1 :atev] ! object1 :atev] ! p[] ( ! pa9t]1 ! :ite gr\nd1 z int5sely bright & p]fect z x c be obta9$1 %\ld be ! base ( 8 op]ations2 t x %\ld be pres]v$ z long z possible1 %[n :]ev] x is possible1 & sacrific$ only ^u good cause4 ,!re are inde$ _m objects :i* d n admit ( imitation unless ! h& h p[] ( sup]impos+ & model+ ! light2 b !re are o!rs :i* are equally unsusceptible ( e r5d]+ except t ( transp>5t color ov] ! pure gr\nd4 ,x appe>s f ! evid5ce n[ produc$ t !re are at lea/ ?ree di/9ct sy/ems traceable 9 ! works ( good colori/s1 ea* hav+ its own m]it & its peculi> application4 ,fir/1 ! :ite gr\nd1 ) c>eful *i>oscuro prep>ation1 transp>5t color 9 ! middle t9ts1 & opaque high lights only 7,van ,eyck74 ,secondly1 :ite gr\nd1 transp>5t br[n prep>ation1 & solid pa9t+ ( lights above 7,rub5s74 ,?irdly1 :ite gr\nd1 br[n prep>ation1 & solid pa9t+ bo? ( lights & %ad[s above 7,titian72 on :i* la/ me?od1 indisputably ! noble/1 we h n insi/$1 z x has n yet be5 exam9$ by ,mr4 ,ea/lake4 ,b 9 all ^! me?ods ! :ite gr\nd 0 indisp5sable4 ,x matt]$ n :at transp>5t color 7 put ov] x3 r$1 frequ5tly1 we believe1 by ,titian1 be=e ! br[n %ad[s--yell[ sometimes by ,rub5s3--:atev] w>m tone might be *os5 = ! key ( ! composition1 & = ! support ( its grays1 dep5d$ = its own value ^u ! :ite gesso b5ea?2 nor c any sy/em ( color be ultimately successful :i* excludes x4 ,noble arrangem5t1 *oice1 & relation ( color1 w inde$ r$eem & recomm5d ! false/ sy/em3 our own ,reynolds1 & rec5tly ,turn]1 furni% magnific5t examples ( ! p[] atta9able by colori/s ( high calib]1 aft] ! light gr\nd is lo/--7we _c agree ) ,mr4 ,ea/lake 9 ?9k+ ! practice ( pa9t+ fir/ 9 :ite & black1 ) cool r$s only1 equival5t to its pres]vation73--b 9 ! works ( bo?1 dim9i%$ spl5dor & sacrific$ durability atte/ & puni% ! neglect ( ! be/ res\rces ( _! art4 #ace4 ,we h /at$1 ?\gh briefly1 ! major "p ( ! data :i* rec5t rese>* has furni%$ respect+ ! e>ly colori/s2 en\gh1 c]ta9ly1 to remove all !oretical ob/acles to ! atta9m5t ( a p]fection equal to !irs4 ,a few c>efully conduct$ exp]im5ts1 ) ! effici5t aids ( mod]n *emi/ry1 w\ld probably put u 9 possession ( an amb] v>ni%1 if inde$ ?is be necess>y1 at lea/ n inf]ior to t :i* !y employ$2 ! re/ ( _! mat]ials are already 9 our h&s1 solicit+ only su* c>e 9 _! prep>ation z x ought1 we ?9k1 to be no irksome duty to be/[4 ,yet we are n sangu9e ( ! imm$iate result4 ,mr4 ,ea/lake has done 8 duty excell5tly2 b x is h>dly to be expect$ t1 aft] be+ long 9 possession ( means :i* we c\ld apply to no pr(it1 ! k t ! greate/ m5 possess$ no bett]1 %\ld at once urge to emulation & gift ) /r5g?4 ,we believe t "s consci\sness ( _! true position already exi/$ 9 ! m9ds ( _m liv+ arti/s2 example _h at lea/ be5 giv5 by two ( our ,academicians1 ,mr4 ,mulready & ,mr4 ,etty1 ( a spl5dor bas$ on ! ,flemi% sy/em1 & consi/5t1 c]ta9ly1 9 ! fir/ case1 ) a high degree ( p]man5ce2 :ile ! ma9 direction ( arti/ic & public sympa?y to works ( a "* altoge!r oppos$ to !irs1 %[$ fatally h[ f> m p]ceptible & appreciable to our pres5t in/9cts is ! me*anism ( h&l+ ?an ! melody ( hue4 ,inde$ we firmly believe1 t ( all p[]s ( enjoym5t or ( judgm5t1 t :i* is conc]n$ ) nobility ( color is lea/ communicable3 x is also p]haps ! mo/ r>e4 ,! a*ievem5ts ( ! draughtsman are met by ! curiosity ( all mank9d2 ! appeals ( ! dramati/ answ]$ by _! sympa?y2 ! creatures ( imag9ation ackn[l$g$ by _! fe>2 b ! voice ( ! colori/ has b ! add]'s li/5+1 *>m he nev] s wisely4 ,m5 vie ) ea* o!r1 untaught1 9 pursuit ( smoo?ness & smallness--( ,c>lo ,dolci & ,van ,huysum2 _! dome/ic he>ts may range !m 9 fai?ful armies r\nd ! ?rone ( ,raphael2 m$itation & labor may raise !m to ! level ( ! great m\nta9 p$e/al ( ,buon>otti--ve/ito gia de' raggi del pianeta1 *e m5a dritto altrui p] ogni calle2 b nei!r "t nor tea*+ w be/[ ! s5se1 :5 x is n innate1 ( t :]e9 consi/s ! p[] ( ,titian & ! great ,v5etians4 ,!re is pro( ( ?is 9 ! v>i\s degrees ( co/ & c>e devot$ to ! pres]vation ( _! works4 ,! glass1 ! curta91 & ! cab9et gu>d ! preci\sness ( :at is petty1 guide curiosity to :at is popul>1 invoke wor%ip to :at is mighty2--,raphael has 8 palace--,mi*ael 8 dome--respect protects & cr[ds trav]se ! sacri/y & ! saloon2 b ! frescoes ( ,titian fade 9 ! solitudes ( ,padua1 & ! gesso falls crumbl$ f ! flapp+ canvas1 z ! sea-w9ds %ake ! ,scuola di ,san ,rocco4 #acf4 ,b if1 on ! "o h&1 m]e ab/ract excell5ce ( color be ?us coldly reg>d$1 x is equally c]ta9 t no "w ev] atta9s endur+ celebrity :i* is em95tly defici5t 9 ?is great respect4 ,color _c be indiff]5t2 x is ei!r beautiful & auxili>y to ! purposes ( ! picture1 or false1 fr[>d1 & opposite to !m4 ,ev5 9 ! pa9t+ ( ,nature h]self1 ?is law is palpable2 *iefly glori\s :5 color is a pr$om9ant elem5t 9 h] work+1 %e is 9 ! next degree mo/ impressive :5 x is )drawn altoge!r3 & =ms & sc5es become sublime 9 ! neutral twilight1 :i* 7 indiff]5t 9 ! colors ( noon4 ,mu* m is ?is ! case 9 ! feebl5ess ( imitation2 all color is bad :i* is less ?an beautiful2 all is gross & intrusive :i* is n attractive2 x repels :]e x _c in?rall1 & de/roys :at x _c assi/4 ,x is besides ! pa9t]'s peculi> craft2 he :o _c color is no pa9t]4 ,x is n pa9t+ to gr9d e>?s ) oil & lay !m smoo?ly on a surface4 ,he only is a pa9t] :o c melodize & h>monize hue--if he fail 9 ?is1 he is no memb] ( ! bro!rhood4 ,let him et*1 or draw1 or c>ve3 bett] ! un]r+ grav] ?an ! unfai?ful p5cil--bett] ! true sl+ & /one ?an ! brightness ( ! unprov$ armor4 ,& let n ev5 ^? :o deal 9 ! deep] magic1 & feel 9 !mselves ! l(ti] p[]1 presume ^u t p[]--nor believe 9 ! reality ( any success unless t :i* has be5 des]v$ by delib]ate1 resolute1 successive op]ation4 ,we w\ld nei!r d5y nor disguise ! influ5ces ( s5sibility or ( imag9ation1 ^u ?is1 z ^u e o!r admirable quality ( art2--we "k t !re is t 9 ! v /roke & fall ( ! p5cil 9 a ma/]'s h&1 :i* creates color ) an unconsci\s en*antm5t--we "k t !re is a brilliancy :i* spr+s f ! joy ( ! pa9t]'s he>t--a gloom :i* sympa?izes ) its s]i\sness--a p[] correlative ) its w2 b ^! are all va9 unless !y be rul$ by a seemly caution--a manly mod]ation--an indiv]tible =esight4 ,?is we ?9k ! "o great conclusion to be receiv$ f ! "w we h be5 exam9+1 t all p[] is va9--all inv5tion va9--all en?usiasm va9--all devotion ev51 & fidelity va91 unless ^! are guid$ by su* sev]e & exact law z we see take place 9 ! developm5t ( e great natural glory2 &1 ev5 9 ! full gl[ ( _! bright & burn+ op]ation1 seal$ by ! cold1 maje/ic1 deep-grav5 impress ( ! signet on ! "r h& ( ,"t4 ,,samuel ,,pr\t4#bj #acg4 ,! fir/ pages 9 ! hi/ories ( arti/s1 wor?y ! "n1 are g5]ally alike2 records ( boyi% resi/ance to e s*eme1 p>5tal or tutorial1 at v>iance ) ! rul+ desire & b5t ( ! op5+ m9d4 ,x is s r>e an accid5t t ! love ( draw+ %\ld be notic$ & fo/]$ 9 ! *ild1 t we are h>dly entitl$ to =m any conclusions respect+ ! probable result ( an indulg5t =esight2 x is en\gh to admire ! /r5g? ( w :i* usually accompanies e noble intellectual gift1 & to believe t1 9 e>ly life1 direct resi/ance is bett] ?an ineffici5t guidance4 ,samuel ,pr\t--) h[ _m ri* & picturesque imag9ations is ! "n n[ associat$6--0 born at ,plym\?1 ,septemb] #ag?1 #aghc1 & int5d$ by 8 fa!r = 8 own pr(ession2 b al?\gh ! delicate heal? ( ! *ild might h appe>$ likely to induce a languid acquiesc5ce 9 8 p>5t's wi%1 ! love ( draw+ occupi$ e leisure h\r1 & at la/ trespass$ ^u e o!r occupation4 ,repro(s 7 affectionately repeat$1 & e ef=t made to dissuade ! boy f :at 0 consid]$ an idle amusem5t1 b x 0 soon discov]$ t opposition 0 unavail+1 & ! atta*m5t too /rong to be *eck$4 ,x might p]haps h be5 o!rwise1 b = "s rays ( enc\ragem5t receiv$ f ! obs]vant k9dness ( 8 fir/ s*oolma/]4 ,to wat* ! direction ( ! little h& :5 x w&]$ f its task1 to draw ! culprit to him ) a smile in/ead ( a repro(1 to set him on ! high /ool beside 8 desk1 & /imulate him1 by ! loan ( 8 own p51 to a m pati5t & elaborate /udy ( ! *ild's usual subject1 8 favorite cat1 0 a modification ( preceptorial c>e z easy z x 0 wise2 b x p]haps _h m influ5ce on ! m9d & aft]-life ( ! boy ?an all ! re/ ( 8 education toge!r4 #ach4 ,su* happy ?\gh r>e int]ludes 9 s*ool-h\rs1 & occasional attempts at home1 usually f ! c>ts & horses :i* /opp$ at a public-h\se opposite1 began ! /ud5t%ip ( ! "y arti/ be=e he _h quitt$ 8 p9a=e4 ,an unhappy accid5t :i* happ5$ ab\t ! same "t1 & :i* f>!r enfeebl$ 8 heal?1 r5d]$ x /ill less advisable to int]f]e ) 8 belov$ occupation4 ,we h he>d ! pa9t] express1 ) a melan*oly smile1 ! di/9ct recollection rema9+ ) him to ?is day1 ( a burn+ autumn morn+1 on :i* he _h salli$ =? alone1 himself "s f\r autumns old1 arm$ ) a hook$ /ick1 to ga!r nuts4 ,unre/ra9able alike ) p5cil or crook1 he 0 f\nd by a f>m]1 t[>ds ! close ( ! day1 ly+ moan+ "u a h$ge1 pro/rat$ by a sun/roke1 & 0 br\ght home ins5sible4 ,f t day =w>d he 0 subject to attacks ( viol5t pa9 9 ! head1 recurr+ at %ort int]vals2 & until ?irty ye>s aft] m>riage n a week pass$ )\t "o or two days ( absolute conf9em5t to 8 room or to 8 b$4 ,up to ?is h\r1 we may p]haps be p]mitt$ to use 8 own t\*+ words1 ,i h to endure a great fight ( afflictions2 c ,i !re=e be suffici5tly ?ankful = ! m]ciful gift ( a buoyant _s8 #aci4 ,t buoyancy ( _s--"o ( ! brighte/ & mo/ m>k$ elem5ts ( 8 "*--nev] fail$ to su/a9 him betwe5 ! recurr5ces ev5 ( 8 mo/ acute suff]+2 & ! pursuit ( 8 mo/ belov$ ,art became e ye> m det]m9$ & indep5d5t4 ,! fir/ beg9n+s 9 l&scape /udy 7 made 9 happy truant excursions1 n[ fondly rememb]$1 ) ! pa9t] ,haydon1 !n also a y\?4 ,?is companion%ip 0 probably r cem5t$ by ! en]gy ?an ! delicacy ( ,haydon's sympa?ies4 ,! two boys 7 directly oppos$ 9 _! habits ( application & modes ( /udy4 ,pr\t unremitt+ 9 dilig5ce1 pati5t 9 obs]vation1 devot$ 9 copy+ :at he lov$ 9 nature1 nev] work+ except ) 8 model be=e him2 ,haydon re/less1 ambiti\s1 & fi]y2 exce$+ly imag9ative1 nev] captivat$ ) simple tru?1 nor us+ 8 p5cil on ! spot1 b tru/+ always to 8 p[]s ( memory4 ,! fates ( ! two y\?s 7 inevitably fix$ by _! opposite *>act]s4 ,! humble /ud5t became ! orig9ator ( a new ,s*ool ( ,art1 & "o ( ! mo/ popul> pa9t]s ( 8 age4 ,! self-tru/ ( ! w&]] 9 ! wild]ness ( 8 fancy betray$ him into ! extravagances1 & des]t$ him 9 ! suff]+1 ) :i* 8 "n mu/ rema9 sadly1 b n unju/ly1 associat$4 #adj4 ,!re 01 h[ev]1 little 9 ! sket*es made by ,pr\t at ?is p]iod to indicate ! pres5ce ( dormant p[]4 ,common pr9ts1 at a p]iod :5 engrav+ 0 9 ! l[e/ /ate ( decl9e1 7 ! only guides :i* ! y\? c\ld obta92 & 8 /yle1 9 endeavor+ to copy ^!1 became cramp$ & mann]$2 b ! unremitt+ sket*+ f nature sav$ him4 ,:ole days1 f dawn till night1 7 devot$ to ! /udy ( ! peculi> objects ( 8 e>ly int]e/1 ! ivy-mantl$ bridges1 mossy wat]-mills1 & rock-built cottages1 :i* *>act]ize ! valley sc5]y ( ,devon4 ,9 spite ( e disadvantage1 ! /rong love ( tru?1 & ! in/9ctive p]ception ( ! *ief po9ts ( %ade & *>act]s ( =m on :i* 8 favorite effects ma9ly dep5d$1 enabl$ him n only to obta9 an accumulat$ /ore ( memor&a1 aft]w>ds valuable1 b to publi% sev]al elem5t>y works :i* obta9$ ext5sive & des]v$ circulation1 & to :i* _m arti/s1 n[ high 9 reputation1 h k9dly & frankly confess$ _! e>ly obligations4 #ada4 ,at t p]iod ! art ( wat]-color draw+ 0 little und]/ood at ,plym\?1 & practic$ only by ,payne1 !n an eng9e] 9 ! citadel4 ,?\gh mann]$ 9 ! extreme1 8 works obta9$ reputation2 = ! be/ draw+s ( ! p]iod 7 feeble bo? 9 color & execution1 ) commonplace light & %ad[1 a d>k =egr\nd be+ a rule absolute1 z may be se5 9 sev]al ( ,turn]'s fir/ productions4 ,b ,turn] 0 de/9$ to annihilate su* rules1 break+ ?r\gh & scatt]+ !m ) an expansive =ce comm5surate ) ! rigidity ( =m] re/ra9t4 ,x happ5$ =tunately1 z x is said1--naturally & des]v$ly1 z x %\ld be said1--t ,pr\t 0 at ?is p]iod remov$ f ! n>r[ sph]e ( 8 fir/ ef=ts to "o 9 :i* he c\ld %>e 91 & take advantage (1 e progressive movem5t4 #adb4 ,! mo/ respectable ( ! ,plym\? amateurs 0 ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,bidlake1 :o 0 ev] k9d 9 8 enc\ragem5t ( ! "y pa9t]1 & ) :om _m delightful excursions 7 made4 ,at 8 h\se1 ,mr4 ,britton1 ! antiqu>ian1 happ5+ to see "s ( ! cottages sket*es1 & be+ pleas$ ) !m1 propos$ t ,pr\t %\ld accompany him into ,cornwall1 9 ord] to aid him 9 collect+ mat]ials = 8 ,beauties ( ,engl& & ,wales4 ,?is 0 ! pa9t]'s fir/ recogniz$ arti/ical employm5t1 z well z ! occasion ( a fri5d%ip ev] gratefully & fondly rememb]$4 ,on ,mr4 ,britton's return to ,london1 aft] s5d+ to him a portfolio ( draw+s1 :i* 7 almo/ ! fir/ to create a s5sation ) lov]s ( ,art1 ,mr4 ,pr\t receiv$ s _m (f]s ( enc\ragem5t1 if he w\ld cons5t to reside 9 ,london1 z to induce him to take ?is important /ep--! fir/ t[>ds be+ e/abli%$ z an arti/4 #adc4 ,! imm$iate effect ( ?is *ange ( position 0 :at might easily h be5 =etold1 ^u a m9d naturally s5sitive1 diffid5t1 & en?usia/ic4 ,x 0 a heavy disc\ragem5t4 ,! y\? felt t he _h mu* to eradicate & m to le>n1 & h>dly knew at fir/ h[ to avail himself ( ! advantages pres5t$ by ! /udy ( ! works ( ,turn]1 ,girt91 ,c\s9s1 & o!rs4 ,b he _h resolution & ambition z well z mode/y2 he knew t ,! noble/ honors ( ! m9d ,on rigid t]ms desc5d4 ,he _h e inducem5t to beg9 ! race1 9 ! cle>] guidance & nobl] ends :i* ! v works t _h di%e>t5$ him af=d$ & po9t$ out2 & ! fir/ firm & c]ta9 /ep 0 made4 ,8 range ( subject 0 z yet undet]m9$1 & 0 likely at "o "t to h be5 v diff]5t f t 9 :i* he has s9ce obta9$ pre-em95ce s confess$4 ,among ! picturesque mat]ial ( 8 native place1 ! =ms ( its %ipp+ _h n be5 neglect$1 ?\gh !re 0 probably less 9 ! ord] ( ,plym\? docky>d to cat* ! eye ( ! boy1 always det]m9$ 9 its pref]5ce ( purely picturesque arrangem5ts1 ?an might h be5 af=d$ by ! meane/ fi%+ hamlet4 ,b a /rong & la/+ impression 0 made ^u him by ! wreck ( ! ,dutton ,ea/ ,indiaman on ! rocks "u ! citadel2 ! crew 7 sav$ by ! p]sonal c\rage & devotion ( ,sir ,edw>d ,pellew1 aft]w>ds ,"l ,exm\?4 ,! wreck held toge!r = _m h\rs "u ! cliff1 roll+ to & fro z ! surges /ruck h]4 ,haydon & ,pr\t sat on ! crags toge!r & wat*$ h] vani% fragm5t by fragm5t into ! gna%+ foam4 ,bo? 7 equally awe-/ruck at ! "t2 bo?1 on ! morr[1 resolv$ to pa9t _! fir/ pictures2 bo? fail$2 b ,haydon1 always incapable ( ackn[l$g+ & rema9+ loyal to ! maje/y ( :at he _h se51 lo/ himself 9 vulg> ?und] & lightn+4 ,pr\t /ruggl$ to "s resemblance ( ! actual sc5e1 & ! effect ^u 8 m9d 0 nev] effac$4 #add4 ,at ! "t ( 8 fir/ resid5ce 9 ,london1 he pa9t$ m m>9es ?an any?+ else4 ,b o!r "w 0 9 /ore = him4 ,ab\t ! ye> #ahah1 8 heal?1 :i* z we h se5 _h nev] be5 vigor\s1 %[$ signs ( increas+ weakness1 & a %ort trial ( cont95tal air 0 recomm5d$4 ,! r\te by ,havre to ,r\5 0 *os51 & ,pr\t f\nd himself1 = ! fir/ "t1 9 ! grotesque labyr9?s ( ! ,norman /reets4 ,!re are few m9ds s apa!tic z to receive no impulse ( new delight f _! fir/ acqua9tance ) cont95tal sc5]y & ar*itecture2 & ,r\5 01 ( all ! cities ( ,france1 ! ri*e/ 9 ^? objects ) :i* ! pa9t]'s m9d _h ! pr(\nde/ sympa?y4 ,x 0 o!r !n ?an x is n[2 revolution>y fury _h inde$ sp5t itself ^u _m ( its noble/ monum5ts1 b ! int]f]5ce ( mod]n re/oration or improvem5t 0 unkn[n4 ,bett] ! unloos$ rage ( ! fi5d ?an ! scrabble ( self-complac5t idiocy4 ,! facade ( ! ca!dral 0 z yet un5cumb]$ by ! blocks ( new /onework1 nev] to be c>v$1 by :i* x is n[ defac$2 ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,ni*olas exi/$1 7! la/ fragm5ts ( ! ni*es ( its gateway 7 se5 by ! writ] da%$ ^u ! pavem5t 9 #ahdj to make room = ! new ,hotel ,/4 ,ni*olas72 ! ,go?ic turret _h n vani%$ f ! angle ( ! ,place de la ,pucelle1 ! ,palais de ,ju/ice rema9$ 9 its gray antiquity1 & ! ,norman h\ses /ill lift$ _! fanta/ic ridges ( gable along ! busy quay 7n[ front$ by z =mal a range ( hotels & (fices z t ( ! ,we/ ,cliff ( ,brighton74 ,all 0 at unity ) itself1 & ! city lay "u its gu>d+ hills1 "o labyr9? ( delight1 its gray & frett$ t[]s1 mi/y 9 _! magnific5ce ( height1 lett+ ! sky l blue enamel ?r\gh ! foil$ spaces ( _! cr[ns ( op5 "w2 ! walls & gates ( its c\ntless *ur*es w>d]$ by sa9tly gr\ps ( solemn /atu>y1 clasp$ ab\t by w&]+ /ems ( sculptur$ leafage1 & cr[n$ by frett$ ni*e & fairy p$im5t--me%$ l gossam] ) inextricable trac]y3 _m a qua9t monum5t ( pa/ times /&+ to tell its f>-(f tale 9 ! place f :i* x has s9ce p]i%$--9 ! mid/ ( ! ?rong & murmur ( ^? %ad[y /reets--all grim ) jutt+ props ( ebon woodwork1 light5$ only "h & !re by a sunbeam glanc+ d[n f ! scaly backs1 & po9ts1 & pyramids ( ! ,norman ro(s1 or c>ri$ out ( its n>r[ range by ! gay progress ( "s sn[y cap or sc>let camisole4 ,! pa9t]'s vocation 0 fix$ f t h\r4 ,! fir/ effect ^u 8 m9d 0 irrepressible en?usiasm1 ) a /rong feel+ ( a new-born atta*m5t to ,art1 9 a new _w ( exce$+ int]e/4 ,previ\s impressions 7 pres5tly oblit]at$1 & ! old embankm5ts ( fancy gave way to ! =ce ( ov]:elm+ anticipations1 =m+ ano!r & a wid] *annel = its future c\rse4 #ade4 ,f ?is "t excursions 7 cont9ually made to ! cont95t1 & e corn] ( ,france1 ,g]many1 ! ,ne!rl&s1 & ,italy ransack$ = its fragm5ts ( c>v$ /one4 ,! en?usiasm ( ! pa9t] 0 great] ?an 8 ambition1 & ! /rict limitation ( 8 aim to ! r5d]+ ( ar*itectural "* p]mitt$ him to adopt a simple & consi/5t me?od ( execution1 f :i* he has r>ely dep>t$4 ,x 0 adapt$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance to ! necessities ( ! mold]+ & my/ic "* ( ,nor!rn ,go?ic2 & ?\gh impressions receiv$ aft]w>ds 9 ,italy1 m especially at ,v5ice1 h reta9$ z /rong a hold ^u ! pa9t]'s m9d z ^? ( 8 e>li] excursions1 8 me?ods ( draw+ h always be5 influ5c$ by ! pr$ilections fir/ awak5$4 ,h[ f> 8 love ( ! picturesque1 already allud$ to1 0 reconcilable ) an entire appreciation ( ! highe/ *>act]s ( ,italian ar*itecture we d n pause to inquire2 b ?is we may ass]t1 )\t hesitation1 t ! picturesque elem5ts ( t ar*itecture 7 unkn[n until he develop$ !m1 & t s9ce ,g5tile ,bell9i1 no "o _h reg>d$ ! palaces ( ,v5ice ) s affectionate an und]/&+ ( ! purpose & expression ( _! weal? ( detail4 ,9 ?is respect ! ,city ( ! ,sea has be51 & rema9s1 peculi>ly 8 own4 ,!re is1 probably1 no s+le piazza nor sea-pav$ /reet f ,/4 ,georgio 9 ,aliga to ! ,ars5al1 ( :i* ,pr\t has n 9 ord] drawn e fragm5t ( pictorial mat]ial4 ,probably n a pill> 9 ,v5ice b occurs 9 "s "o ( 8 innum]able /udies2 :ile ! peculi>ly beautiful & v>i$ arrangem5ts "u :i* he has treat$ ! angle =m$ by ,/4 ,m>k's ,*ur* ) ! ,doge's palace1 h n only made e successful draw+ ( ^? build+s by any o!r h& look l plagi>ism1 b h add$ 7& :at is ?is b inde$ to pa9t ! lily67 ano!r *>m to ! spot itself4 #adf4 ,?is exquisite dext]ity ( arrangem5t has always be5 "o ( 8 lead+ *>act]i/ics z an arti/4 ,not)/&+ ! des]v$ popul>ity ( 8 works1 8 greatness 9 composition rema9s altoge!r unappreciat$4 ,_m mod]n works exhibit great] pret5se at arrangem5t1 & a m palpable sy/em2 masses ( well-conc5trat$ light or po9ts ( sudd5 & dextr\s color are exp$i5ts 9 ! works ( our second-rate arti/s z attractive z !y are commonplace4 ,b ! mov+ & natural cr[d1 ! decompos+ composition1 ! frank & un=c$1 b m>vel\sly intricate gr\p+1 ! bread? ( in>tificial & unexagg]at$ %ad[1 ^! are m]its ( an ord] only ! m elevat$ because unobtrusive4 ,nor is 8 sy/em ( color less admirable4 ,x is a quality f :i* ! "* ( 8 subjects naturally )draws mu* ( 8 att5tion1 & ( :i* sometimes t "* precludes any high atta9m5t2 b1 nev]!less1 ! true/ & happie/ association ( hues 9 sun & %ade to be f\nd 9 mod]n wat]-color art1#ba 7except+ only ! /udies ( ,hunt & ,de ,w9t7 w be f\nd 9 portions ( ,pr\t's m important works4 #adg4 ,( 8 peculi> p[]s we ne$ h>dly speak2 x w\ld be difficult to conceive ! circle ( _! influ5ce wid5$4 ,!re is n a l&scape ( rec5t times 9 :i* ! treatm5t ( ! ar*itectural features has n be5 affect$1 h[ev] unconsci\sly1 by pr9ciples :i* 7 fir/ develop$ by ,pr\t4 ,( ^? pr9ciples ! mo/ orig9al 0 8 famili>ization ( ! s5tim5t1 :ile he elevat$ ! subject1 ( ! picturesque4 ,t "* _h be5 s\ght1 be=e 8 "t1 ei!r 9 solitude or 9 ru/icity2 x 0 suppos$ to belong only to ! savag5ess ( ! des]t or ! simplicity ( ! hamlet2 x lurk$ b5ea? ! br[s ( rocks & ! eaves ( cottages2 to seek x 9 a city w\ld h be5 deem$ an extravagance1 to raise x to ! height ( a ca!dral1 an h]esy4 ,pr\t did bo?1 & bo? simultane\sly2 he f\nd & prov$ 9 ! busy %ad[s & sculptur$ gables ( ! ,cont95tal /reet s\rces ( picturesque delight z ri* & z int]e/+ z ^? :i* _h be5 s\ght amid/ ! d>kness ( ?ickets & ! em95ce ( rocks2 & he contra/$ ) ! famili> circum/ances ( urban life1 ! maje/y & ! a]ial elevation ( ! mo/ noble ar*itecture1 express+ its details 9 m spl5did accumulation1 & ) a m pati5t love ?an ev] _h be5 rea*$ or manife/$ be=e 8 "t by any arti/ :o introduc$ su* subjects z memb]s ( a g5]al composition4 ,he ?us became ! int]pret] ( a great p]iod ( ! _w's hi/ory1 ( t 9 :i* age & neglect _h ca/ ! int]e/ ( ru9 ov] ! noble/ ecclesia/ical /ructures ( ,europe1 & 9 :i* !re _h be5 born at _! feet a g5]ation o!r 9 its feel+s & ?\ghts ?an t to :i* !y ow$ _! exi/5ce1 a g5]ation :i* und]/ood n _! mean+1 & reg>d$ n _! beauty1 & :i* yet _h a "* ( its own1 full ( vigor1 animation1 & orig9ality1 :i* r5d]$ ! grotesque association ( ! circum/ances ( its ord9>y & active life ) ! solemn memorialism ( ! eld] build+1 "o :i* r pleas$ by ! /rang5ess ?an pa9$ by ! viol5ce ( its contra/4 #adh4 ,t g5]ation is pass+ away1 & ano!r dyna/y is putt+ =? its "* & its laws4 ,c>e & obs]vance1 m mis*iev\s 9 _! misdirection ?an indiff]5ce or scorn1 h 9 _m places giv5 ! m$iaeval relics ! aspect & associations ( a k9d ( cab9et pres]vation1 in/ead ( t air ( maje/ic indep5d5ce1 or pati5t & /]n endurance1 ) :i* !y fr[n$ d[n ! insult ( ! reg>dless cr[d4 ,nom9al re/oration has done t5fold worse1 & has hopelessly de/roy$ :at "t1 & /orm1 & an>*y1 & impiety _h sp>$4 ,! picturesque mat]ial ( a l[] k9d is fa/ dep>t+--& =ev]4 ,!re is n1 s f> z we "k1 "o city sc5e 9 c5tral ,europe :i* has n suff]$ f "s j>r+ po9t ( mod]nization4 ,! railroad & ! iron :eel h done _! "w1 & ! *>act]s ( ,v5ice1 ,flor5ce1 & ,r\5 are yield+ day by day to a lifeless ext5sion ( ^? ( ,p>is & ,birm+ham4 ,a few lu/]s m1 & ! mod]nization w be complete3 ! ar*aeologi/ may /ill f9d "w among ! wrecks ( beauty1 & "h & !re a solit>y fragm5t ( ! old cities may exi/ by tol]ation1 or rise /rangely be=e ! workm5 :o dig ! new f\ndations1 left l "s isolat$ & tott]+ rock 9 ! mid/ ( sweep+ sea4 ,b ! life ( ! middle ages is dy+ f _! emb]s1 & ! w>m m+l+ ( ! pa/ & pres5t w soon be =ev] dissolv$4 ,! works ( ,pr\t1 & ( ^? :o h foll[$ 9 8 foot/eps1 w become memorials ! mo/ preci\s ( ! ?+s t h be52 to _! te*nical value1 h[ev] great1 w be add$ ! f> high] int]e/ ( fai?ful & fond records ( a /range & unreturn+ era ( hi/ory4 ,may he long be sp>$ to u1 & enabl$ to cont9ue ! noble s]ies1 consci\s ( a purpose & function wor?y ( be+ foll[$ ) all ! zeal ( ev5 8 mo/ ard5t & affectionate m9d4 ,a "t w come :5 t zeal w be und]/ood1 & 8 works w be *]i%$ ) a melan*oly gratitude :5 ! pill>s ( ,v5ice %all lie mold]+ 9 ! salt %all[s ( h] sea1 & ! /ones ( ! goodly t[]s ( ,r\5 h become balla/ = ! b>ges ( ! ,se9e4 ,,sir ,,jo%ua ,,& ,,holbe94#bb #adi4 ,long ago disc>d$ f our ,national ,gall]y1 ) ! contempt logically due to national or ,engli% pictures1--lo/ to sight & memory = _m a ye> 9 ! ,ogygian seclusions ( ,m>lbor\gh ,h\se--!re h reappe>$ at la/1 9 m honorable exile at ,k5s+ton1 two great pictures by ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,two1 ) o!rs2 b ^! alone wor? _m an entanglem5t among ! cross-roads ( ! ,we/1 to see = half an h\r by spr+ sun%9e3--! ,holy ,family1 & ! ,graces1 side by side n[ 9 ! pr9cipal room4 ,great1 z ev] 0 "w wr\ght by man4 ,9 placid /r5g?1 & subtle/ sci5ce1 unsurpass$2--9 sweet felicity1 incomp>able4 #aej4 ,if y truly want to "k :at good "w ( pa9t]'s h& is1 /udy ^? two pictures f side to side1 & miss no in* ( !m 7y w h>dly1 ev5tually1 be incl9$ to miss "o73 9 "s respects !re is no execution l x2 none s op5 9 ! magic4 ,= ! "w ( o!r great m5 is hidd5 9 its wond]fulness--y _c see h[ x 0 done4 ,b 9 ,sir ,jo%ua's !re is no my/]y3 x is all amazem5t4 ,no "q b t ! t\* 0 s laid2 only t x c\ld h be5 s laid1 is a m>vel =ev]4 ,s also !re is no pa9t+ s maje/ic 9 sweetness4 ,he is lily-scept]$3 8 p[] blossoms1 b burd5s n4 ,all o!r m5 ( equal dignity pa9t m sl[ly2 all o!rs ( equal =ce pa9t less lightly4 ,t9toret lays 8 l9e l a k+ m>k+ ! b\nd>ies ( conqu]$ l&s2 b ,sir ,jo%ua leaves x z a summ] w9d its trace on a lake2 he c\ld h pa9t$ on a silk5 veil1 :]e x fell free1 & n b5t x4 #aea4 ,su* at lea/ is 8 t\* :5 x is life t he pa9ts3 = ?+s lifeless he has a sev]] h&4 ,if y exam9e t picture ( ! ,graces y w f9d x rev]ses all ! ord9>y ideas ( exp$i5t treatm5t4 ,by o!r m5 fle% is firmly pa9t$1 b accessories lightly4 ,sir ,jo%ua pa9ts accessories firmly1#bc fle% lightly2--nay1 fle% n at all1 b _s4 ,! wrea? ( fl[]s he feels to be mat]ial2 & gleam by gleam /rikes fe>lessly ! silv] & violet leaves out ( ! d>kness4 ,b ! ?ree maid5s are less sub/antial ?an rose petals4 ,no flu%$ nor fro/$ tissue t ev] fad$ 9 night w9d is s t5d] z !y2 no hue may rea*1 no l9e measure1 :at is 9 !m s graci\s & s fair4 ,let ! h& move s(tly--itself z a _s2 = ?is is ,life1 ( :i* x t\*es ! imag]y4 #aeb4 ,& yet---- ,yes3 y d well to pause4 ,!re is a yet to be ?\ght (4 ,i did n br+ y to ^! pictures to see wond]ful "w m]ely1 or womanly beauty m]ely4 ,i br\ght y *iefly to look at t ,madonna1 believ+ t y might rememb] o!r ,madonnas1 unlike h]2 & might ?9k x desirable to consid] :]e9 ! diff]5ce lay3--o!r ,madonnas n by ,sir ,jo%ua1 :o pa9t$ ,madonnas b seldom4 ,:o p]haps1 if tru? mu/ be told1 pa9t$ !m nev]3 = surely ?is de>e/ pet ( an ,engli% girl1 ) ! little curl ( lovely hair "u h] e>1 is n "o4 #aec4 ,:y did n ,sir ,jo%ua--or c\ld n--or w\ld n ,sir ,jo%ua--pa9t ,madonnas8 nei!r he1 nor 8 great rival-fri5d ,ga9sbor\gh8 ,bo? ( !m pa9t]s ( wom51 su* z s9ce ,giorgione & ,correggio _h n be52 bo? pa9t]s ( m51 su* z _h n be5 s9ce ,titian4 ,h[ is x t ^! ,engli% fri5ds c s brightly pa9t t p>ticul> ord] ( humanity :i* we call g5tlem5 & ladies1 b nei!r h]oes1 nor sa9ts1 nor angels8 ,c x be because !y 7 bo? c\ntry-br$ boys1 & = ev] aft] /rangely s5sitive to c\rtl9ess8 ,:y1 ,giotto also 0 a c\ntry-br$ boy4 ,allegri's native ,correggio1 ,titian's ,cadore1 7 b hill villages2 yet ^! m5 pa9t$1 n ! c\rt1 nor ! draw+-room1 b ! ,e>?3 & n a little ( ,heav5 besides3 :ile our good ,sir ,jo%ua nev] tru/s himself outside ! p>k pal+s4 ,he c\ld n ev5 h drawn ! /rawb]ry girl1 unless %e _h got ?r\gh a gap 9 !m--or r1 ,i ?9k1 %e mu/ h be5 let 9 at ! port]'s lodge1 = h] /rawb]ries are 9 a pottle1 ready = ! ladies at ! ,hall4 ,giorgione w\ld h set !m1 wild & fragrant1 among _! leaves1 9 h] h&4 ,betwe5 8 fairness1 & ,sir ,jo%ua's ,may-fairness1 !re is a /range1 impassable limit--z ( ! :ite reef t 9 ,pacific isles encircles _! inn] lakelets1 & %uts !m f ! surf & s\nd ( sea4 ,cle> & calm !y re/1 reflect+ fr+$ %ad[s ( ! palm-trees1 & ! pass+ ( frett$ cl\ds across _! own sweet circle ( blue sky4 ,b beyond1 & r\nd & r\nd _! coral b>1 lies ! blue ( sea & heav5 toge!r--blue ( et]nal deep4 #aed4 ,y w f9d x a pregnant "q1 if y foll[ x =?1 & lead+ to _m o!rs1 n trivial1 ,:y x is1 t 9 ,sir ,jo%ua's girl1 or ,ga9sbor\gh's1 we always ?9k fir/ ( ! ,ladyhood2 b 9 ,giotto's1 ( ! ,womanhood8 ,:y1 9 ,sir ,jo%ua's h]o1 or ,v&yck's1 x is always ! ,pr9ce or ! ,sir :om we see fir/2 b 9 ,titian's1 ! man4 ,n t ,titian's g5tlem5 are less f9i%$ ?an ,sir ,jo%ua's2 b _! g5tlemanl9ess#bd is n ! pr9cipal ?+ ab\t !m2 _! manhood absorbs1 conqu]s1 we>s x z a despis$ ?+4 ,nor--& ?is is ano!r /]n gr\nd ( sep>ation--w ,titian make a g5tleman ( ev]yone he pa9ts4 ,he w make him s if he is s1 n o!rwise2 & ?is n m]ely 9 g5]al s]vitude to tru?1 b because 9 8 sympa?y ) deep] humanity1 ! c\rti] is n m int]e/+ to him ?an anyone else4 ,y h le>n$ to dance & f5ce2 y c speak ) cle>ness1 & ?9k ) precision2 y\r h&s are small1 y\r s5ses acute1 & y\r features well-%ap$4 ,yes3 ,i see all ?is 9 y1 & w d x ju/ice4 ,y %all /& z none b a well-br$ man c\ld /&2 & y\r f+]s %all fall on ! sword-hilt z no f+]s c\ld b ^? t knew ! grasp ( x4 ,b = ! re/1 ?is grisly fi%]man1 ) ru/y *eek & rope-fray$ h&1 is a man z well z y1 & might possibly make sev]al ( y1 if s\ls 7 divisible4 ,8 bronze color is q z int]e/+ to me1 ,titian1 z y\r pal5ess1 & 8 ho>y spray ( /ormy hair takes ! light z well z y\r wav+ curls4 ,him also ,i w pa9t1 ) su* picturesqu5ess z he may h2 yet n putt+ ! picturesqu5ess fir/ 9 him1 z 9 y ,i h n put ! g5tlemanl9ess fir/4 ,9 him ,i see a /rong human creature1 cont5d+ ) all h>d%ip3 9 y also a human creature1 uncont5d+1 & possibly n /rong4 ,cont5tion or /r5g?1 weakness or picturesqu5ess1 & all o!r su* accid5ts 9 ei!r1 %all h due place4 ,b ! immortality & miracle ( y--?is clay t burns1 ?is color t *anges--are 9 tru? ! awful ?+s 9 bo?3 ^! %all be fir/ pa9t$--& la/4 #aee4 ,) :i* "q respect+ treatm5t ( "* we h to connect also ?is fur!r "o3 ,h[ is x t ! attempts ( s great pa9t]s z ,reynolds & ,ga9sbor\gh are1 beyond portraiture1 limit$ almo/ l *ildr5's8 ,no dome/ic drama--no hi/ory--no noble natural sc5es1 f> less any religi\s subject3--only m>ket c>ts2 girls ) pigs2 woodm5 go+ home to supp]2 wat]+-places2 gray c>t-horses 9 fields1 & su* l4 ,reynolds1 inde$1 once or twice t\*$ high] !mes1--among ! *ords 8 f+]s laid1 & recoil$3 wisely2 =1 /range to say1 8 v s5sibility des]ts him :5 he leaves 8 c\rtly quiet4 ,! horror ( ! subjects he *ose 7,c>d9al ,beau=t & ,ugol9o7 %[$ inh]5t apa?y3 _h he felt deeply1 he w\ld n h s\ght = ?is /ronge/ possible excitem5t ( feel+1--w\ld n will+ly h dwelt on ! wor/ conditions ( despair--! despair ( ! ignoble4 ,8 religi\s subjects are conceiv$ ev5 ) less c>e ?an ^!4 ,beautiful z x is1 ?is ,holy ,family by :i* we /& has nei!r dignity nor sacr$ness1 o!r ?an ^? :i* atta* to e gr\p ( g5tle "m & ruddy babe2 :ile 8 ,fai?s1 ,*>ities1 or o!r well-ord]$ & emblem-fitt$ virtues are ev5 less lovely ?an 8 ord9>y portraits ( wom54 ,x 0 a faultful temp]1 :i*1 hav+ s mighty a p[] ( realization at comm&1 nev] became s mu* int]e/$ 9 any fact ( human hi/ory z to sp5d "o t\* ( he>tfelt skill ^u x2--:i*1 yield+ mom5t>ily to indol5t imag9ation1 end$1 at be/1 9 a ,puck1 or a ,?ais2 a ,m]cury z ,?ief1 or a ,cupid z ,l9kboy4 ,h[ wide ! int]val betwe5 ?is g5tly trivial humor1 guid$ by ! wave ( a fea!r1 or arre/$ by ! en*antm5t ( a smile1--& ! habitual dwell+ ( ! ?\ghts ( ! great ,greeks & ,flor5t9es among ! be+s & ! int]e/s ( ! et]nal _w6 #aef4 ,9 "s degree x may inde$ be true t ! mode/y & s5se ( ! ,engli% pa9t]s are ! causes ( _! simple practice4 ,all t !y did1 !y did well1 & attempt$ no?+ ov] :i* conque/ 0 d\btful4 ,!y knew !y c\ld pa9t m5 & wom53 x did n foll[ t !y c\ld pa9t angels4 ,_! own gifts nev] appe>$ to !m s great z to call = s]i\s "q z to ! use to be made ( !m4 ,!y c\ld mix colors & cat* lik5ess--yes2 b 7 !y !re=e able to tea* religion1 or re=m ! _w8 ,to support !mselves honorably1 pass ! h\rs ( life happily1 please _! fri5ds1 & leave no enemies1 0 n ?is all t duty c\ld require1 or prud5ce recomm5d8 ,_! own art 01 x seem$1 difficult en\gh to employ all _! g5ius3 0 x reasonable to hope also to be poets or !ologians8 ,su* m5 _h1 inde$1 exi/$2 b ! age ( miracles & prophets 0 long pa/2 nor1 because !y c\ld seize ! trick ( an expression1 or ! turn ( a head1 _h !y any "r to ?9k !mselves able to conceive h]oes ) ,hom]1 or gods ) ,mi*ael ,angelo4 #aeg4 ,su* 01 9 ! ma91 _! feel+3 wise1 mode/1 un5vi\s1 & unambiti\s4 ,mean] m51 _! contempor>ies or successors1 rav$ ( high art ) incoh]5t passion2 arrogat$ to !mselves an equality ) ! ma/]s ( eld] "t1 & declaim$ aga9/ ! deg5]ate ta/es ( a public :i* ackn[l$g$ n ! return ( ! ,h]aclidae4 ,b ! two great--! two only pa9t]s ( _! age--happy 9 a reputation f\nd$ z deeply 9 ! he>t z 9 ! judgm5t ( mank9d1 dem&$ no high] function ?an t ( soo?+ ! dome/ic affections2 & a*iev$ = !mselves at la/ an immortality n ! less noble1 because 9 _! lifetime !y _h conc]n$ !mselves less to claim x ?an to be/[4 #aeh4 ,yet1 :ile we ackn[l$ge ! discretion & simple-he>t$ness ( ^! m51 honor+ !m = bo?3 & ! m :5 we comp>e _! tranquil p[]s ) ! hot egotism & holl[ ambition ( _! inf]iors3 we h to rememb]1 on ! o!r h&1 t ! measure !y ?us set to _! aims 01 if a j1 yet a n>r[ "o2 t amiable discretion is n ! highe/ virtue2 nor to please ! frivol\s1 ! be/ success4 ,!re is probably "s /range weakness 9 ! pa9t]1 & "s fatal error 9 ! age1 :5 9 ?9k+ ov] ! examples ( _! greate/ "w1 = "s type ( culm9at+ lovel9ess or v]acity1 we rememb] no expression ei!r ( religion or h]oism1 & in/ead ( rev]5tly nam+ a ,madonna di ,san ,si/o1 c only :isp]1 mode/ly1 ,mrs4 ,pelham fe$+ *ick5s4 #aei4 ,! nature ( ! fault1 s f> z x exi/s 9 ! pa9t]s !mselves1 may p]haps be/ be disc]n$ by comp>+ !m ) a man :o w5t n f> beyond !m 9 8 g5]al range ( ef=t1 b :o did all 8 "w 9 a :olly diff]5t temp]--,hans ,holbe94 ,! fir/ great diff]5ce betwe5 !m is ( c\rse 9 complet5ess ( execution4 ,sir ,jo%ua's & ,ga9sbor\gh's "w1 at its be/1 is only magnific5t sket*+2 giv+ inde$1 9 places1 a p]fection ( result unatta9able by o!r me?ods1 & possess+ always a *>m ( grace & p[] exclusively its own2 yet1 9 its slightness address+ itself1 purposefully1 to ! casual glance1 & common ?\ght--eag] to arre/ ! pass]-by1 b c>eless to deta9 him2 or deta9+ him1 if at all1 by an unexpla9$ en*antm5t1 n by cont9uance ( tea*+1 or developm5t ( idea4 ,b ! "w ( ,holbe9 is true & ?or\gh2 accompli%$1 9 ! highe/ z ! mo/ lit]al s5se1 ) a calm entir5ess ( unaffect$ resolution1 :i* sacrifices no?+1 =gets no?+1 & fe>s no?+4 #afj4 ,9 ! portrait ( ! ,hausmann ,george ,gyz51#be e accessory is p]fect ) a f9e p]fection3 ! c>nations 9 ! glass vase by 8 side--! ball ( gold1 *as$ ) blue enamel1 susp5d$ on ! wall--! books--! /eely>d--! pap]s on ! table1 ! seal-r+1 ) its qu>t]$ be>+s1--all int5sely !re1 & !re 9 beauty ( :i* no "o c\ld h dream$ t ev5 fl[]s or gold 7 capable1 f> less p>*m5t or /eel4 ,b e *ange ( %ade is felt1 e ri* & rubi$ l9e ( petal foll[$2 e subdu$ gleam 9 ! s(t blue ( ! enamel & b5d+ ( ! gold t\*$ ) a h& ^: pati5ce ( reg>d creates r ?an pa9ts4 ,! jewel itself 0 n s preci\s z ! rays ( endur+ light :i* =m x1 & fla% f x1 b5ea? t errorless h&4 ,! man himself1 :at he 0--n m2 b to all conceivable pro( ( sight--9 all aspect ( life or ?\ght--n less4 ,he sits alone 9 8 accu/om$ room1 8 common "w laid out be=e him2 he is consci\s ( no pres5ce1 assumes no dignity1 be>s no sudd5 or sup]ficial look ( c>e or int]e/1 lives only z he liv$--b =ev]4 #afa4 ,! "t occupi$ 9 pa9t+ ?is portrait 0 probably tw5ty times great] ?an ,sir ,jo%ua ev] sp5t on a s+le picture1 h[ev] l>ge4 ,! result is1 to ! g5]al spectator1 less attractive4 ,9 "s qualities ( =ce & grace x is absolutely inf]ior4 ,b x is inexhau/ible4 ,e detail ( x w9s1 reta9s1 rew>ds ! att5tion ) a cont9ually increas+ s5se ( wond]fulness4 ,x is also :olly true4 ,s f> z x rea*es1 x conta9s ! absolute facts ( color1 =m1 & "*1 r5d]$ ) an unaccusable fai?fulness4 ,!re is no "q respect+ ?+s :i* x is be/ wor? :ile to "k1 or ?+s :i* x is unnecess>y to /ate1 or :i* might be ov]look$ ) advantage4 ,:at ( ?is man & 8 h\se 7 visible to ,holbe91 are visible to u3 we may despise if we w2 d5y or d\bt1 we %all n2 if we c>e to "k any?+ conc]n+ !m1 great or small1 s mu* z may by ! eye be kn[n is =ev] kn[able1 reliable1 indisputable4 #afb4 ,respect+ ! advantage1 or ! contr>y1 ( s great e>ne/ness 9 draw+ a portrait ( an uncelebrat$ p]son1 we raise at pres5t no debate3 ,i only wi% ! read] to note ?is quality ( e>ne/ness1 z entirely sep>at+ ,holbe9 f ,sir ,jo%ua1--rais+ him into ano!r sph]e ( intellect4 ,= "h is no "q ( m]e diff]5ce 9 /yle or 9 p[]1 none ( m9ut5ess or l>g5ess4 ,x is a "q ( ,entir5ess4 ,holbe9 is complete 9 intellect3 :at he sees1 he sees ) 8 :ole s\l3 :at he pa9ts1 he pa9ts ) 8 :ole might4 ,sir ,jo%ua sees p>tially1 slightly1 t5d]ly--cat*es ! fly+ lights ( ?+s1 ! mom5t>y glooms3 pa9ts also p>tially1 t5d]ly1 nev] ) half 8 /r5g?2 cont5t ) unc]ta9 visions1 insecure delights2 ! tru? n preci\s nor significant to him1 only pleas+2 falsehood also pleasurable1 ev5 useful on occasion--mu/1 h[ev]1 be discreetly t\*$1 j en\gh to make all m5 noble1 all wom5 lovely3 we d n ne$ ?is flatt]y (t51 mo/ ( ^? we "k be+ su*2 & x is a pleasant _w1 & ) dilig5ce--= no?+ c be done )\t dilig5ce--e day till f\r 7says ,sir ,jo%ua7--a pa9t]'s is a happy life4 ,yes3 & ! ,isis2 ) h] swans1 & %ad[s ( ,w9dsor ,=e/1 is a sweet /ream1 t\*+ h] %ores s(tly4 ,! ,rh9e at ,basle is ( ano!r temp]1 /]n & deep1 z /rong1 h[ev] bright its face3 w9d+ f> ?r\gh ! solemn pla91 b5ea? ! slopes ( ,jura1 tuft$ & /eep3 sweep+ away into its reg>dless calm ( curr5t ! waves ( t little brook ( ,/4 ,jakob1 t ba! ! ,swiss ,!rmopylae2#bf ! l[ village ne/l+ b5ea? a little bank ( slop+ fields--its spire se5 :ite aga9/ ! deep blue %ad[s ( ! ,jura p9es4 #afc4 ,gaz+ on t sc5e day by day1 ,holbe9 w5t 8 own way1 ) ! e>ne/ness & sil5t swell ( ! /rong riv]--n unconsci\s ( ! awe1 nor ( ! sanctities ( 8 life4 ,! sn[s ( ! et]nal ,alps giv+ =? _! /r5g? to x2 ! blood ( ! ,/4 ,jakob brook p\r$ into x z x passes by--n 9 va94 ,he also c\ld feel 8 /r5g? com+ f :ite sn[s f> (f 9 heav54 ,he also bore ^u him ! purple /a9 ( ! e>? sorr[4 ,a grave man1 kn[+ :at /eps ( m5 keep true/ "t to ! *ant+ ( ,dea?4 ,hav+ grave fri5ds also2--! same s++ he>d f> (f1 x seems to me1 or1 p]haps1 ev5 l[ 9 ! room1 by t family ( ,sir ,?omas ,m2 or m+l+ ) ! hum ( bees 9 ! mead[s outside ! t[]$ wall ( ,basle2 or mak+ ! words ( ! book m tunable1 :i* m$itative ,erasmus looks ^u4 ,nay1 t same s(t ,dea?-music is on ! lips ev5 ( ,holbe9's ,madonna4 ,:o1 among _m1 is ! ,virg9 y _h be/ comp>e ) ! "o be=e ^: image we h /ood s long4 ,holbe9's is at ,dresd51 companion$ by ! ,madonna di ,san ,si/o2 b bo? are visible en\gh to y "h1 =1 by a /range co9cid5ce1 !y are 7at lea/ s f> z ,i "k7 ! only two great pictures 9 ! _w :i* h be5 faultlessly engrav$4 #afd4 ,! receiv$ tradition respect+ ! ,holbe9 ,madonna is beautiful2 & ,i believe ! int]pretation to be true4 ,a fa!r & "m h pray$ to h] = ! life ( _! sick *ild4 ,%e appe>s to !m1 h] own ,*ri/ 9 h] arms4 ,%e puts d[n h] ,*ri/ beside !m--takes _! *ild into h] arms in/ead4 ,x lies d[n ^u h] bosom1 & /ret*es its h& to its fa!r & "m1 say+ f>ewell4 ,?is int]pretation ( ! picture has be5 d\bt$1 z ne>ly all ! mo/ preci\s tru?s ( pictures h be5 d\bt$1 & =gott54 ,b ev5 suppos+ x errone\s1 ! design is n less *>act]i/ic ( ,holbe94 ,= t !re are signs ( suff]+ on ! features ( ! *ild 9 ! arms ( ! ,virg91 is beyond "q2 & if ?is *ild be int5d$ = ! ,*ri/1 x w\ld n be d\btful to my m9d1 t1 ( ! two--,raphael & ,holbe9--! latt] _h giv5 ! true/ aspect & deepe/ read+ ( ! e>ly life ( ! ,r$eem]4 ,raphael s\ght to express ,8 p[] only2 b ,holbe9 ,8 labor & sorr[4 #afe4 ,!re are two o!r pictures :i* y %\ld rememb] toge!r ) ?is 7attribut$1 inde$1 b ) no semblance ( probability1 to ! eld] ,holbe91 none ( ^: "w1 pres]v$ at ,basle1 or else:]e1 approa*es 9 ! slighte/ degree to _! p[]71 ! ,/4 ,b>b>a & ,/4 ,elizabe?4#bg ,i d n "k among ! pictures ( ! great sacr$ s*ools any at once s p[]ful1 s simple1 s pa!tically expressive ( ! ne$ ( ! he>t t conceiv$ !m4 ,n ascetic1 nor qua9t1 nor fev]i%ly or fondly passionate1 nor wrapt 9 )drawn solemnities ( ?\ght4 ,only entirely true--entirely pure4 ,no dep? ( gl[+ heav5 beyond !m--b ! cle> %>p sweetness ( ! nor!rn air3 no spl5dor ( ri* color1 /riv+ to adorn !m ) bett] brightness ?an ( ! day3 a gray glory1 z ( moonlight )\t mi/1 dwell+ on face & fold ( dress2--all faultless-fair4 ,creatures !y are1 humble by nature1 n by self-condemnation2 m]ciful by habit1 n by te>ful impulse2 l(ty )\t consci\sness2 g5tle )\t weakness2 :olly 9 ?is pres5t _w1 do+ its "w calmly2 beautiful ) all t holie/ life c rea*--yet already fre$ f all t holie/ dea? c ca/ away4 ,,footnotes3 #ac ,a review ( ! foll[+-books3-- #a4 ,mat]ials = a ,hi/ory ( ,oil-,pa9t+4 ,by ,*>les ,lock ,ea/lake1 ,r4,a41 ,f4,r4,s41 ,f4,s4,a41 ,secret>y to ! ,royal ,commission = promot+ ! ,f9e ,arts 9 ,connection ) ! ,rebuild+ ( ! ,h\ses ( ,p>liam5t1 etc41 etc4 ,london1 #ahdg4 #b4 ,!ophili1 qui et ,rug]us1 ,presbyt]i et ,mona*i1 ,libri ,,iii4 de ,div]sis ,artibus2 seu ,div]s>um ,artium ,s*$ula4 7,an ,essay ^u ,v>i\s ,arts1 9 ,?ree ,books1 by ,!ophilus1 call$ also ,rug]us1 ,prie/ & ,monk1 =m+ an ,encyclopa$ia ( ,*ri/ian ,art ( ! ,elev5? ,c5tury4 ,translat$1 ) ,notes1 by ,rob]t ,h5drie47 ,london1 #ahdg4 #ad ,a ,critical ,essay on ,oil-,pa9t+1 ,london1 #agha4 #ae ,! m$iaeval pa9t]s 7 s accu/om$ to ?is appe>ance 9 v>ni%es1 & consid]$ x s indisp5sable1 t !y ev5 suppli$ ! t9t :5 x did n exi/4 ,?us ,c>danus obs]ves t :5 :ite ( eggs 0 us$ z a v>ni%1 x 0 cu/om>y to t+e x ) r$ lead4--,ea/lake1 p4 #bgj4 #af ,si je dis tant de mal de la pe9ture flam&e1 ce n'e/ pas qu'elle soit enti]em5t mauvaise1 mais elle veut r5dre avec p]fection tant de *oses1 dont une seule suffirait p> son importance1 qu'elle n'en fait aucune d'une mani]e satisfaisante4 ,?is op9ion ( ,m4 ,angelo's is pres]v$ by ,francisco de ,oll&a1 quot$ by ,comte ,raczynski1 ,les ,arts en ,portugal1 ,p>is1 #ahdf4 #ag ,arte de ,p9tura4 ,sevilla1 #afdi4 #ah ,! prep>ations ( ,heml+1 at ,bruges1 we imag9e to h be5 9 wat]-color1 & p]haps ! picture 0 c>ri$ to "s degree ( completion 9 ?is mat]ial4 ,van ,m&] obs]ves t ,van ,eyck's dead color+s 7 clean] & %>p] ?an ! f9i%$ works ( o!r pa9t]s4 #ai ,see ,/ones ( ,v5ice1 vol4 iii4 ,v5etian ,index1 s4 ,rocco1 ,scuola di ,san1 ,sec4 #bj1 ,temptation4--,,ed4 #ahii4 #bj ,art ,j\rnal1 ,m>* #ahdi4--;,,ed4 #ba ,we d n mean "u ?is t]m to include ! draw+s ( pr(ess$ oil-pa9t]s1 z ( ,/o?>d or ,turn]4 #bb ,cornhill ,magaz9e1 ,m>*1 #ahfj4--;,,ed4 #bc ,z %[+ gigantic p[] ( h&1 jo9$ ) utmo/ accuracy & rapidity1 ! folds ( drap]y "u ! brea/ ( ! ,virg9 are1 p]haps1 z m>vel\s a piece ( "w z c\ld be f\nd 9 any picture1 ( :atev] "t or ma/]4 #bd ,! read] mu/ obs]ve t ,i use ! ^w "h 9 a limit$ s5se1 z mean+ only ! effect ( c>eful education1 good society1 & ref9$ habits ( life1 on av]age temp] & "*4 ,( deep & true g5tlemanl9ess--bas$ z x is on int5se s5sibility & s9c]ity1 p]fect$ by c\rage1 & o!r qualities ( race2 z well z ( t union ( ins5sibility ) cunn+1 :i* is ! ess5ce ( vulg>ity1 ,i %all h to speak at l5g? 9 ano!r place4 #be ,museum ( ,b]l94 #bf ,( #a1bjj ,swiss1 :o f\ght by t brookside1 t5 only return$4 ,! battle *eck$ ! attack ( ! ,fr5*1 l$ by ,l\is ,,xi4 7!n ,dauph97 9 #addd2 & 0 ! fir/ ( ! great s]ies ( ef=ts & victories :i* 7 clos$ at ,nancy by ! dea? ( ,*>les ( ,burgundy4 #bg ,p9aco!k ( ,muni*4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,art4 ,,ii4 ,,pre-,,raphaelitism4 ,,its ,,pr9ciples1 ,,& ,,turn]4 7,pamphlet1 #ahea47 ,,its ,,?ree ,,colors4 7,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 ,nov4-,dec4 #ahgh47 99 99 99 99 99 ,,preface4 ,eight ye>s ago1 9 ! close ( ! fir/ volume ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 ,i v5tur$ to give ! foll[+ advice to ! "y arti/s ( ,engl&3-- ,!y %\ld g to nature 9 all s+l5ess ( he>t1 & walk ) h] labori\sly & tru/+ly1 hav+ no o!r ?\ght b h[ be/ to p5etrate h] mean+2 reject+ no?+1 select+ no?+1 & scorn+ no?+4 ,advice :i*1 :e!r bad or good1 involv$ inf9ite labor & humiliation 9 ! foll[+ x1 & 0 !re=e1 = ! mo/ "p1 reject$4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 at la/ be5 c>ri$ out1 to ! v lett]1 by a gr\p ( m5 :o1 = _! rew>d1 h be5 assail$ ) ! mo/ scurril\s abuse :i* ,i ev] recollect see+ issue f ! public press4 ,i h1 !re=e1 ?\ght x due to !m to contradict ! directly false /atem5ts :i* h be5 made respect+ _! works2 & to po9t out ! k9d ( m]it :i*1 h[ev] defici5t 9 "s respects1 ^? works possess beyond ! possibility ( dispute4 ,d5m>k ,hill1 ,augu/1 #ahea4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,pre-,,raphaelitism4#bh #aff4 ,x may be prov$1 ) mu* c]ta9ty1 t ,god int5ds no man to live 9 ?is _w )\t work+3 b x seems to me no less evid5t t ,he int5ds e man to be happy 9 8 "w4 ,x is writt51 9 ! sweat ( ?y br[1 b x 0 nev] writt51 9 ! break+ ( ?9e he>t1 ?\ %alt eat bread3 & ,i f9d t1 z on ! "o h&1 inf9ite mis]y is caus$ by idle p1 :o bo? fail 9 do+ :at 0 appo9t$ = !m to d1 & set 9 motion v>i\s spr+s ( mis*ief 9 matt]s 9 :i* !y %\ld h _h no conc]n1 s on ! o!r h&1 no small mis]y is caus$ by ov]work$ & unhappy p1 9 ! d>k views :i* !y necess>ily take up !mselves1 & =ce ^u o!rs1 ( "w itself4 ,7 x n s1 ,i believe ! fact ( _! be+ unhappy is 9 itself a violation ( div9e law1 & a sign ( "s k9d ( folly or s9 9 _! way ( life4 ,n[ 9 ord] t p may be happy 9 _! "w1 ^! ?ree ?+s are ne$$3 ,!y mu/ be fit = x3 ,!y mu/ n d too mu* ( x3 & !y mu/ h a s5se ( success 9 x--n a d\btful s5se1 su* z ne$s "s te/imony ( o!r p = its confirmation1 b a sure s5se1 or r k1 t s mu* "w has be5 done well1 & fruitfully done1 :atev] ! _w may say or ?9k ab\t x4 ,s t 9 ord] t a man may be happy1 x is necess>y t he %\ld n only be capable ( 8 "w1 b a good judge ( 8 "w4 #afg4 ,! fir/ ?+ !n t he has to d1 if unhappily 8 p>5ts or ma/]s h n done x = him1 is to f9d out :at he is fit =4 ,9 :i* inquiry a man may be safely guid$ by 8 lik+s1 if he be n also guid$ by 8 pride4 ,p usually reason 9 "s su* fa%ion z ?is3 ,i don't seem q fit = a head-manag] 9 ! firm ( ---- ,co41 !re=e1 9 all probability1 ,i am fit to be ,*ancellor ( ! ,ex*equ]4 ,:]eas1 !y ought r to reason ?us3 ,i don't seem q fit to be head-manag] 9 ! firm ( ---- ,co41 b ,i d>e say ,i might d some?+ 9 a small gre5-groc]y bus9ess2 ,i us$ to be a good judge ( pease2 t is to say1 always try+ l[] in/ead ( try+ high]1 until !y f9d bottom3 once well set on ! gr\nd1 a man may build up by degrees1 safely1 in/ead ( di/urb+ ev]yone 9 8 neighborhood by p]petual cata/rophes4 ,b ?is k9d ( humility is r5d]$ especially difficult 9 ^! days1 by ! contumely ?r[n on m5 9 humble employm5ts4 ,! v removal ( ! massy b>s :i* once sep>at$ "o class ( society f ano!r1 has r5d]$ x t5fold m %ameful 9 fooli% p's1 i4e41 9 mo/ p's eyes1 to rema9 9 ! l[] grades ( x1 ?an ev] x 0 be=e4 ,:5 a man born ( an artisan 0 look$ ^u z an entirely diff]5t species ( animal f a man born ( a noble1 x made him no m uncom=table or a%am$ to rema9 t diff]5t species ( animal1 ?an x makes a horse a%am$ to rema9 a horse1 & n to become a giraffe4 ,b n[ t a man may make money1 & rise 9 ! _w1 & associate himself1 unreproa*$1 ) p once f> above him1 n only is ! natural discont5t$ness ( humanity develop$ to an unhe>d-( ext5t1 :atev] a man's position1 b x becomes a v]itable %ame to him to rema9 9 ! /ate he 0 born 91 & ev]ybody ?9ks x 8 duty to try to be a g5tleman4 ,p]sons :o h any influ5ce 9 ! managem5t ( public in/itutions = *>itable education "k h[ common ?is feel+ has become4 ,h>dly a day passes b !y receive lett]s f mo!rs :o want all _! six or eight sons to g to college1 & make ! gr& t\r 9 ! long vacation1 & :o ?9k !re is some?+ wrong 9 ! f\ndations ( society because ?is is n possible4 ,out ( e t5 lett]s ( ?is k9d1 n9e w allege1 z ! reason ( ! writ]s' importunity1 _! desire to keep _! families 9 su* & su* a /ation ( life4#bi ,!re is no real desire = ! safety1 ! discipl9e1 or ! moral good ( ! *ildr51 only a panic horror ( ! inexpressibly pitiable calamity ( _! liv+ a l$ge or two l[] on ! molehill ( ! _w--a calamity to be av]t$ at any co/ :atev]1 ( /ruggle1 anxiety1 & %ort5+ ( life itself4 ,i d n believe t any great] good c\ld be a*iev$ = ! c\ntry1 ?an ! *ange 9 public feel+ on ?is head1 :i* might be br\ght ab\t by a few b5evol5t m51 und5iably 9 ! class ( g5tlem51 :o w\ld1 on pr9ciple1 ent] into "s ( our commone/ trades1 & make !m honorable2 %[+ t x 0 possible = a man to reta9 8 dignity1 & rema91 9 ! be/ s5se1 a g5tleman1 ?\gh "p ( 8 "t 0 e day occupi$ 9 manual labor1 or ev5 9 s]v+ cu/om]s ov] a c\nt]4 ,i d n 9 ! lea/ see :y c\rtesy1 & gravity1 & sympa?y ) ! feel+s ( o!rs1 & c\rage1 & tru?1 & piety1 & :at else goes to make up a g5tleman's "*1 %\ld n be f\nd beh9d a c\nt] z well z else:]e1 if !y 7 dem&$1 or ev5 hop$ =1 !re4 #afh4 ,let u suppose1 !n1 t ! man's way ( life1 & mann] ( "w h be5 discreetly *os52 !n ! next ?+ to be requir$ is1 t he d n ov]work himself !re94 ,i am n go+ to say any?+ "h ab\t ! v>i\s errors 9 our sy/ems ( society & comm]ce1 :i* appe> 7,i am n sure if !y ev] d m ?an appe>7 to =ce u to ov]work ourselves m]ely t we may live2 nor ab\t ! /ill m fruitful cause ( unheal?y toil--! incapability1 9 _m m51 ( be+ cont5t ) ! little t is inde$ necess>y to _! happ9ess4 ,i h only a ^w or two to say ab\t "o special cause ( ov]work--! ambiti\s desire ( do+ great or clev] ?+s1 & ! hope ( accompli%+ !m by imm5se ef=ts3 hope z va9 z x is p]nici\s2 n only mak+ m5 ov]work !mselves1 b r5d]+ all ! "w !y d un:olesome to !m4 ,i say x is a va9 hope1 & let ! read] be assur$ ( ?is 7x is a tru? all-important to ! be/ int]e/s ( humanity74 ,no great intellectual ?+ 0 ev] done by great ef=t2 a great ?+ c only be done by a great man1 & he does x )\t ef=t4 ,no?+ is1 at pres5t1 less und]/ood by u ?an ?is--no?+ is m necess>y to be und]/ood4 ,let me try to say x z cle>ly1 & expla9 x z fully z ,i may4 #afi4 ,i h said no great intellectual ?+3 = ,i d n mean ! ass]tion to ext5d to ?+s moral4 ,on ! contr>y1 x seems to me t j because we are int5d$1 z long z we live1 to be 9 a /ate ( int5se moral ef=t1 we are n int5d$ to be 9 int5se physical or intellectual ef=t4 ,our full en]gies are to be giv5 to ! s\l's "w--to ! great fight ) ! ,dragon--! tak+ ! k+dom ( heav5 by =ce4 ,b ! body's "w & head's "w are to be done quietly1 & comp>atively )\t ef=t4 ,nei!r limbs nor bra9 are ev] to be /ra9$ to _! utmo/2 t is n ! way 9 :i* ! greate/ quantity ( "w is to be got out ( !m3 !y are nev] to be work$ furi\sly1 b ) tranquillity & con/ancy4 ,we are to foll[ ! pl[ f sunrise to sunset1 b n to pull 9 race-boats at ! twilight3 we %all get no fruit ( t k9d ( "w1 only disease ( ! he>t4 #agj4 ,h[ _m pangs w\ld be sp>$ to ?\s&s1 if ?is great tru? & law 7 b once s9c]ely1 humbly und]/ood--t if a great ?+ c be done at all1 x c be done easily2 t1 :5 x is ne$$ to be done1 !re is p]haps only "o man 9 ! _w :o c d x2 b he c d x )\t any tr\ble--)\t m tr\ble1 t is1 ?an x co/s small p to d small ?+s2 nay1 p]haps1 ) less4 ,& yet :at tru? lies m op5ly on ! surface ( all human ph5om5a8 ,is n ! evid5ce ( ,ease on ! v front ( all ! greate/ works 9 exi/5ce8 ,d !y n say pla9ly to u1 n1 !re has be5 a great ef=t "h1 b1 !re has be5 a great p[] "h8 ,x is n ! we>9ess ( mortality1 b ! /r5g? ( div9ity1 :i* we h to recognize 9 all mighty ?+s2 & t is j :at we n[ nev] recognize1 b ?9k t we are to d great ?+s1 by help ( iron b>s & p]spiration3--alas6 we %all d no?+ t way b lose "s p\nds ( our own weight4 #aga4 ,yet let me n be misund]/ood1 nor ?is great tru? be suppos$ anywise resolvable into ! favorite dogma ( "y m51 t !y ne$ n "w if !y h g5ius4 ,! fact is t a man ( g5ius is always f> m ready to "w ?an o!r p1 & gets s mu* m good f ! "w t he does1 & is (t5 s little consci\s ( ! inh]5t div9ity 9 himself1 t he is v apt to ascribe all 8 capacity to 8 "w1 & to tell ^? :o ask h[ he came to be :at he is3 ,if ,i am any?+1 :i* ,i mu* d\bt1 ,i made myself s m]ely by labor4 ,?is 0 ,newton's way ( talk+1 & ,i suppose x w\ld be ! g5]al tone ( m5 ^: g5ius _h be5 devot$ to ! physical sci5ces4 ,g5ius 9 ! ,arts mu/ commonly be m self-consci\s1 b 9 :atev] field1 x w always be di/+ui%$ by its p]petual1 /eady1 well-direct$1 happy1 & fai?ful labor 9 accumulat+ & discipl9+ its p[]s1 z well z by its gigantic1 incommunicable facility 9 ex]cis+ !m4 ,!re=e1 lit]ally1 x is no man's bus9ess :e!r he has g5ius or n3 "w he mu/1 :atev] he is1 b quietly & /eadily2 & ! natural & un=c$ results ( su* "w w be always ! ?+s t ,god meant him to d1 & w be 8 be/4 ,no agonies nor he>t-r5d+s w enable him to d any bett]4 ,if he be a great man1 !y w be great ?+s2 if a small man1 small ?+s2 b always1 if ?us peacefully done1 good & "r2 always1 if re/lessly & ambiti\sly done1 false1 holl[1 & despicable4 #agb4 ,!n ! ?ird ?+ ne$$ 01 ,i said1 t a man %\ld be a good judge ( 8 "w2 & ?is *iefly t he may n be dep5d5t ^u popul> op9ion = ! mann] ( do+ x1 b also t he may h ! j enc\ragem5t ( ! s5se ( progress1 & an hone/ consci\sness ( victory2 h[ else c he become ,t awful indep5d5t on to-morr[1 ,^: ye/]days look backw>ds ) a smile 8 ,i am p]suad$ t ! real n\ri%m5t & help ( su* a feel+ z ?is is ne>ly unkn[n to half ! workm5 ( ! pres5t day4 ,= :atev] appe>ance ( self-complac5cy !re may be 9 _! outw>d be>+1 x is visible en\gh1 by _! fev]i% jeal\sy ( ea* o!r1 h[ little confid5ce !y h 9 ! /]l+ value ( _! sev]al do+s4 ,conceit may puff a man up1 b nev] prop him up2 & !re is too visible di/ress & hopelessness 9 m5's aspects to admit ( ! supposition t !y h any /able support ( fai? 9 !mselves4 #agc4 ,i h /at$ ^! pr9ciples g5]ally1 because !re is no bran* ( labor to :i* !y d n apply3 b !re is "o 9 :i* our ignorance or =getfulness ( !m has caus$ an incalculable am\nt ( suff]+2 & ,i w\ld endeavor n[ to reconsid] !m ) special ref]5ce to x--! bran* ( ! ,arts4 ,9 g5]al1 ! m5 :o are employ$ 9 ! ,arts h freely *os5 _! pr(ession1 & suppose !mselves to h special faculty = x2 yet1 z a body1 !y are n happy m54 ,= :i* ?is seems to me ! reason--t !y are expect$1 & !mselves expect1 to make _! bread by be+ clev]--n by /eady or quiet "w2 & are !re=e1 = ! mo/ "p1 try+ to be clev]1 & s liv+ 9 an utt]ly false /ate ( m9d & action4 #agd4 ,?is is ! case1 to ! same ext5t1 9 no o!r pr(ession or employm5t4 ,a lawy] may inde$ suspect t1 unless he has m wit ?an ^? ar\nd him1 he is n likely to advance 9 8 pr(ession2 b he w n be always ?9k+ h[ he is to display 8 wit4 ,he w g5]ally und]/&1 e>ly 9 8 c>e]1 t wit mu/ be left to take c>e ( itself1 & t x is h>d k ( law & vigor\s exam9ation & collation ( ! facts ( e case intru/$ to him1 :i* 8 cli5ts w ma9ly dem&3 ?is x is :i* he is to be paid =2 & ?is is heal?y & measurable labor1 payable by ! h\r4 ,if he happ5 to h ke5 natural p]ception & quick wit1 ^! w come into play 9 _! due "t & place1 b he w n ?9k ( !m z 8 *ief p[]2 & if he h !m n1 he may /ill hope t indu/ry & consci5ti\sness may enable him to rise 9 8 pr(ession )\t !m4 ,aga9 9 ! case ( cl]gym53 t !y are sorely tempt$ to display _! eloqu5ce or wit1 none :o "k _! own he>ts w d5y1 b !n !y "k ?is to be a temptation3 !y nev] w\ld suppose t clev]ness 0 all t 0 to be expect$ f !m1 or w\ld sit d[n delib]ately to write a clev] s]mon3 ev5 ! dulle/ or va9e/ ( !m w\ld ?r[ "s veil ov] _! vanity1 & pret5d to "s pr(itabl5ess ( purpose 9 :at !y did4 ,!y w\ld n op5ly ask ( _! he>]s--,did y ?9k my s]mon +5i\s1 or my language poetical8 ,!y w\ld e>ly und]/& t !y 7 n paid = be+ +5i\s1 nor call$ to be s1 b to prea* tru?2 t if !y happ5$ to possess wit1 eloqu5ce1 or orig9ality1 ^! w\ld appe> & be ( s]vice 9 due "t1 b 7 n to be cont9ually s\ght aft] or exhibit$2 & if x %\ld happ5 t !y _h !m n1 !y might /ill be s]viceable pa/ors )\t !m4 #age4 ,n s ) ! unhappy arti/4 ,no "o expects any hone/ or useful "w ( him2 b ev]yone expects him to be +5i\s4 ,orig9ality1 dext]ity1 inv5tion1 imag9ation1 ev]y?+ is ask$ ( him except :at alone is to be _h = ask+--hone/y & s\nd "w1 & ! due dis*>ge ( 8 function z a pa9t]4 ,:at function8 asks ! read] 9 "s surprise4 ,he may well ask2 = ,i suppose few pa9t]s h any idea :at _! function is1 or ev5 t !y h any at all4 #agf4 ,& yet surely x is n s difficult to discov]4 ,! faculties1 :i* :5 a man f9ds 9 himself1 he resolves to be a pa9t]1 are1 ,i suppose1 int5s5ess ( obs]vation & facility ( imitation4 ,! man is creat$ an obs]v] & an imitator2 & 8 function is to convey k to 8 fell[-m51 ( su* ?+s z _c be taught o!rwise ?an ocul>ly4 ,= a long "t ?is function rema9$ a religi\s "o3 x 0 to impress ^u ! popul> m9d ! reality ( ! objects ( fai?1 & ! tru? ( ! hi/ories ( ,scripture1 by giv+ visible =m to bo?4 ,t function has n[ pass$ away1 & none has z yet tak5 its place4 ,! pa9t] has no pr(ession1 no purpose4 ,he is an idl] on ! e>?1 *as+ ! %ad[s ( 8 own fancies4 #agg4 ,b he 0 nev] meant to be ?is4 ,! sudd5 & univ]sal ,naturalism1 or incl9ation to copy ord9>y natural objects1 :i* manife/$ itself among ! pa9t]s ( ,europe1 at ! mom5t :5 ! inv5tion ( pr9t+ sup]s$$ _! leg5d>y labors1 0 no false in/9ct4 ,x 0 misund]/ood & misappli$1 b x came at ! "r "t1 & has ma9ta9$ itself ?r\gh all k9ds ( abuse2 pres5t+1 9 ! rec5t s*ools ( l&scape1 p]haps only ! fir/ fruits ( its p[]4 ,t in/9ct 0 urg+ e pa9t] 9 ,europe at ! same mom5t to 8 true duty--! fai?ful repres5tation ( all objects ( hi/orical int]e/1 or ( natural beauty exi/5t at ! p]iod2 repres5tation su* z might at once aid ! advance ( ! sci5ces1 & keep fai?ful record ( e monum5t ( pa/ ages :i* 0 likely to be swept away 9 ! approa*+ eras ( revolution>y *ange4 #agh4 ,! in/9ct came1 z ,i said1 exactly at ! "r mom5t2 & let ! read] consid] :at am\nt & k9d ( g5]al k might by ?is "t h be5 possess$ by ! nations ( ,europe1 _h _! pa9t]s und]/ood & obey$ x4 ,suppose t1 aft] discipl9+ !mselves s z to be able to draw1 ) un]r+ precision1 ea* ! p>ticul> k9d ( subject 9 :i* he mo/ delight$1 !y _h sep>at$ into two great armies ( hi/orians & naturali/s2--t ! fir/ _h pa9t$ ) absolute fai?fulness e edifice1 e city1 e battlefield1 e sc5e ( ! slighte/ hi/orical int]e/1 precisely & completely r5d]+ _! aspect at ! "t2 & t _! companions1 accord+ to _! sev]al p[]s1 _h pa9t$ ) l fidelity ! plants & animals1 ! natural sc5]y1 & ! atmosph]ic ph5om5a ( e c\ntry on ! e>?--suppose t a fai?ful & complete record 7 n[ 9 our museums ( e build+ de/roy$ by w>1 or "t1 or innovation1 dur+ ^! la/ #bjj ye>s--suppose t ea* recess ( e m\nta9 *a9 ( ,europe _h be5 p5etrat$1 & its rocks drawn ) su* accuracy t ! geologi/'s diagram 0 no long] necess>y--suppose t e tree ( ! =e/ _h be5 drawn 9 its noble/ aspect1 e bea/ ( ! field 9 its savage life--t all ^! ga!r+s 7 already 9 our national gall]ies1 & t ! pa9t]s ( ! pres5t day 7 labor+1 happily & e>ne/ly1 to multiply !m1 & put su* means ( k m & m )9 rea* ( ! common p--w\ld n t be a m honorable life = !m1 ?an ga9+ prec>i\s bread by bright effects8 ,!y ?9k n1 p]haps4 ,!y ?9k x easy1 & !re=e contemptible1 to be tru?ful2 !y h be5 taught s all _! lives4 ,b x is n s1 :oev] taught x !m4 ,x is mo/ difficult1 & wor?y ( ! greate/ m5's greate/ ef=t1 to r5d]1 z x %\ld be r5d]$1 ! simple/ ( ! natural features ( ! e>?2 b also be x rememb]$1 no man is conf9$ to ! simple/2 ea* may look out "w = himself :]e he *ooses1 & x w be /range if he _c f9d some?+ h>d en\gh = him4 ,! excuse is1 h[ev]1 "o ( ! lips only2 = e pa9t] kn[s1 t :5 he draws back f ! attempt to r5d] nature z %e is1 x is (t5] 9 c[>dice ?an 9 disda94 #agi4 ,i mu/ leave ! read] to pursue ?is subject = himself2 ,i h n space to sugge/ to him ! t5? "p ( ! advantages :i* w\ld foll[1 bo? to ! pa9t] f su* an und]/&+ ( 8 mission1 & to ! :ole p1 9 ! results ( 8 labor4 ,consid] h[ ! man himself w\ld be elevat$2 h[ cont5t he w\ld become1 h[ e>ne/1 h[ full ( all accurate & noble k1 h[ free f envy--kn[+ creation to be inf9ite1 feel+ at once ! value ( :at he did1 & yet ! no?+ness4 ,consid] ! advantage to ! p3 ! immeasurably l>g] int]e/ giv5 to art itself2 ! easy1 pleasurable1 & p]fect k convey$ by x1 9 e subject2 ! f> great] numb] ( m5 :o might be heal?ily & pr(itably occupi$ ) x z a means ( livelihood2 ! useful direction ( myriads ( inf]ior tal5ts n[ left fad+ away 9 mis]y4 ,conceive all ?is1 & !n look ar\nd at our exhibitions1 & behold ! cattle pieces1 & sea pieces1 & fruit pieces1 & family pieces2 ! et]nal br[n c[s 9 dit*es1 & :ite sails 9 squalls1 & slic$ lemons 9 sauc]s1 & fooli% faces 9 simp]s2--& try to feel :at we are1 & :at we might h be54 #ahj4 ,take a s+le in/ance 9 "o bran* ( ar*aeology4 ,let ^? :o are int]e/$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ,religion consid] :at a treasure we %\ld n[ h possess$1 if1 in/ead ( pa9t+ pots1 & vegetables1 & drunk5 peasantry1 ! mo/ accurate pa9t]s ( ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies _h be5 set to copy1 l9e = l9e1 ! religi\s & dome/ic sculpture on ! ,g]man1 ,flemi%1 & ,fr5* ca!drals & ca/les2 & if e build+ de/roy$ 9 ! ,fr5* or 9 any o!r subsequ5t revolution1 _h ?us be5 drawn 9 all its p>ts ) ! same precision ) :i* ,g]>d ,d[ or ,mi]is pa9t bas-reliefs ( ,cupids4 ,consid]1 ev5 n[1 :at incalculable treasure is /ill left 9 anci5t bas-reliefs1 full ( e k9d ( leg5d>y int]e/1 ( subtle expression1 ( priceless evid5ce z to ! "*1 feel+s1 habits1 hi/ories1 ( pa/ g5]ations1 9 neglect$ & %att]$ *ur*es & dome/ic build+s1 rapidly disappe>+ ov] ! :ole ( ,europe--treasure :i*1 once lo/1 ! labor ( all m5 liv+ _c br+ back aga92 & !n look at ! myriads ( m51 ) skill en\gh1 if !y _h b ! commone/ s*ool+1 to record all ?is fai?fully1 :o are mak+ _! bread by draw+ dances ( nak$ wom5 f academy models1 or idealities ( *ivalry fitt$ out ) ,w>d\r ,/reet armor1 or et]nal sc5es f ,gil ,blas1 ,don ,quixote1 & ! ,vic> ( ,wakefield1 or m\nta9 sc5]ies ) "y idiots ( ,london]s we>+ ,highl& bonnets & br&i%+ rifles 9 ! =egr\nds4 ,d b ?9k ( ^! ?+s 9 ! bread? ( _! inexpressible imbecility1 & !n g & /& be=e t brok5 bas-relief 9 ! s\!rn gate ( ,l9coln ,ca!dral1 & see if !re is no fib] ( ! he>t 9 y t w break too4 #aha4 ,b is !re to be no place left1 x w be indignantly ask$1 = imag9ation & inv5tion1 = poetical p[]1 or love ( ideal beauty8 ,yes1 ! highe/1 ! noble/ place--t :i* ^! only c atta9 :5 !y are all us$ 9 ! cause1 & ) ! aid ( tru?4 ,:]ev] imag9ation & s5tim5t are1 !y w ei!r %[ !mselves )\t =c+1 or1 if capable ( artificial developm5t1 ! k9d ( tra9+ :i* su* a s*ool ( art w\ld give !m w\ld be ! be/ !y c\ld receive4 ,! inf9ite absurdity & failure ( our pres5t tra9+ consi/s ma9ly 9 ?is1 t we d n rank imag9ation & inv5tion high en\gh1 & suppose t !y c be taught4 ,?r\gh\t e s5t5ce t ,i ev] h writt51 ! read] w f9d ! same rank attribut$ to ^! p[]s--! rank ( a purely div9e gift1 n to be atta9$1 increas$1 or 9 anywise modifi$ by tea*+1 only 9 v>i\s ways capable ( be+ conceal$ or qu5*$4 ,und]/& ?is ?or\ghly2 "k once = all1 t a poet on canvas is exactly ! same species ( creature z a poet 9 song1 & ne>ly e error 9 our me?ods ( tea*+ w be done away )4 ,= :o among u n[ ?9ks ( br++ m5 up to be poets8--( produc+ poets by any k9d ( g5]al recipe or me?od ( cultivation8 ,suppose ev5 t we see 9 a y\? t :i* we hope may1 9 its developm5t1 become a p[] ( ?is k9d1 %\ld we in/antly1 suppos+ t we want$ to make a poet ( him1 & no?+ else1 =bid him all quiet1 /eady1 rational labor8 ,%\ld we =ce him to p]petual sp9n+ ( new crudities out ( 8 boyi% bra91 & set be=e him1 z ! only objects ( 8 /udy1 ! laws ( v]sification :i* criticism has suppos$ itself to discov] 9 ! works ( previ\s writ]s8 ,:atev] gifts ! boy _h1 w\ld mu* be likely to come ( !m s treat$8 unless1 inde$1 !y 7 s great z to break ?r\gh all su* sn>es ( falsehood & vanity1 & build _! own f\ndation 9 spite ( u2 :]eas if1 z 9 cases numb]+ millions aga9/ units1 ! natural gifts 7 too weak to d ?is1 c\ld any?+ come ( su* tra9+ b utt] inanity & spuri\sness ( ! :ole man8 ,b if we _h s5se1 %\ld we n r re/ra9 & bridle ! fir/ flame ( inv5tion 9 e>ly y\?1 heap+ mat]ial on x z "o w\ld on ! fir/ sp>ks & tongues ( a fire :i* we desir$ to fe$ into greatness8 ,%\ld we n educate ! :ole intellect into g5]al /r5g?1 & all ! affections into w>m? & hone/y1 & look to heav5 = ! re/8 ,?is1 ,i say1 we %\ld h s5se en\gh to d1 9 ord] to produce a poet 9 words3 b1 x be+ requir$ to produce a poet on canvas1 :at is our way ( sett+ to "w8 ,we beg91 9 all probability1 by tell+ ! y\? ( fifte5 or sixte51 t ,nature is full ( faults1 & t he is to improve h]2 b t ,raphael is p]fection1 & t ! m he copies ,raphael ! bett]2 t aft] mu* copy+ ( ,raphael1 he is to try :at he c d himself 9 a ,raphaelesque1 b yet orig9al mann]3 t is to say1 he is to try to d some?+ v clev]1 all out ( 8 own head1 b yet ?is clev] some?+ is to be prop]ly subject$ to ,raphaelesque rules1 is to h a pr9cipal light occupy+ "o-sev5? ( its space1 & a pr9cipal %ad[ occupy+ "o-?ird ( ! same2 t no two p's heads 9 ! picture are to be turn$ ! same way1 & t all ! p]sonages repres5t$ are to possess ideal beauty ( ! highe/ ord]1 :i* ideal beauty consi/s p>tly 9 a ,greek outl9e ( nose1 p>tly 9 proportions expressible 9 decimal fractions betwe5 ! lips & *92 b mo/ly 9 t degree ( improvem5t :i* ! y\? ( sixte5 is to be/[ ^u ,god's "w 9 g5]al4 ,?is ,i say is ! k9d ( tea*+ :i* ?r\gh v>i\s *annels1 ,royal ,academy lectur+s1 press criticisms1 public en?usiasm1 & n lea/ by solid weight ( gold1 we give to our "y m54 ,& we wond] we h no pa9t]s6 #ahb4 ,b we d worse ?an ?is4 ,)9 ! la/ few ye>s "s s5se ( ! real t5d5cy ( su* tea*+ has appe>$ 9 "s ( our y\ng] pa9t]s4 ,x only c\ld appe> 9 ! y\ng] ones1 our old] m5 hav+ become famili>iz$ ) ! false sy/em1 or else hav+ pass$ ?r\gh x & =gott5 x1 n well kn[+ ! degree ( h>m !y _h su/a9$4 ,?is s5se appe>$1 among our y\?s1--increas$1--matur$ into resolute action4 ,necess>ily1 to exi/ at all1 x ne$$ ! support bo? ( /rong in/9cts & ( consid]able self-confid5ce1 o!rwise x mu/ at once h be5 borne d[n by ! weight ( g5]al au?ority & receiv$ canon law4 ,/rong in/9cts are apt to make m5 /range & rude2 self-confid5ce1 h[ev] well f\nd$1 to give mu* ( :at !y d or say ! appe>ance ( imp]t95ce4 ,look at ! self-confid5ce ( ,wordswor?1 /iff5+ e o!r s5t5ce ( 8 prefaces into defiance2 !re is no m ( x ?an 0 ne$$ to enable him to d 8 "w1 yet x is n a little ungraceful "h & !re4 ,suppose ?is /ubbornness & self-tru/ 9 a y\?1 labor+ 9 an art ( :i* ! executive "p is confess$ly to be be/ le>nt f ma/]s1 & we %all h>dly wond] t mu* ( 8 "w has a c]ta9 awkw>dness & /iffness 9 x1 or t he %\ld be reg>d$ ) disfavor by _m1 ev5 ! mo/ temp]ate1 ( ! judges tra9$ 9 ! sy/em he 0 break+ ?r\gh1 & ) utt] contempt & reprobation by ! envi\s & ! dull4 ,consid]1 fur!r1 t ! p>ticul> sy/em to be ov]?r[n 01 9 ! pres5t case1 "o ( :i* ! ma9 *>act]i/ic 0 ! pursuit ( beauty at ! exp5se ( manl9ess & tru?2 & x w seem likely a priori1 t ! m5 int5d$ successfully to resi/ ! influ5ce ( su* a sy/em %\ld be end[$ ) little natural s5se ( beauty1 & ?us r5d]$ dead to ! temptation x pres5t$4 ,summ+ up ^! conditions1 !re is surely little cause = surprise t pictures pa9t$1 9 a temp] ( resi/ance1 by exce$+ly "y m51 ( /ubborn in/9cts & positive self-tru/1 & ) little natural p]ception ( beauty1 %\ld n be calculat$1 at ! fir/ glance1 to w9 u f works enri*$ by plagi>ism1 poli%$ by conv5tion1 inve/$ ) all ! attractiv5ess ( artificial grace1 & recomm5d$ to our respect by e/abli%$ au?ority4 #ahc4 ,we %\ld1 h[ev]1 on ! o!r h&1 h anticipat$1 t 9 proportion to ! /r5g? ( "* requir$ = ! ef=t1 & to ! abs5ce ( di/ract+ s5tim5ts1 :e!r respect = prec$5t1 or affection = ideal beauty1 w\ld be ! en]gy exhibit$ 9 ! pursuit ( ! special objects :i* ! y\?s propos$ to !mselves1 & _! success 9 atta9+ !m4 ,all ?is has actually be5 ! case1 b 9 a degree :i* x w\ld h be5 impossible to anticipate4 ,t two y\?s1 ( ! respective ages ( eighte5 & tw5ty1 %\ld h conceiv$ = !mselves a totally indep5d5t & s9c]e me?od ( /udy1 & en?usia/ically p]sev]$ 9 x aga9/ e k9d ( dissuasion & opposition1 is /range en\gh2 t 9 ! ?ird or f\r? ye> ( _! ef=ts !y %\ld h produc$ works 9 _m p>ts n inf]ior to ! be/ ( ,alb]t ,du]]1 ?is is p]haps n less /range4 ,b ! l\dness & univ]sality ( ! h[l :i* ! common critics ( ! press h rais$ aga9/ !m1 ! utt] abs5ce ( all g5]\s help or enc\ragem5t f ^? :o c bo? measure _! toil & appreciate _! success1 & ! %rill1 %all[ laught] ( ^? :o c d nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r--^! are /range/ ( all--unimag9able unless !y _h be5 exp]i5c$4 #ahd4 ,& z if ^! 7 n en\gh1 private malice is at "w aga9/ !m1 9 its own small1 slimy way4 ,! v day aft] ,i _h writt5 my second lett] to ! ,times 9 ! def5se ( ! ,pre-,raphaelites1#cj ,i receiv$ an anonym\s lett] respect+ "o ( !m1 f "s p]son app>5tly h>dly capable ( spell+1 & ab\t z vile a specim5 ( petty malignity z ev] blott$ pap]4 ,i ?9k x well t ! public %\ld "k ?is1 & s get "s insight into ! s\rces ( ! _s :i* is at "w aga9/ ^! m53 h[ fir/ r\s$ x is difficult to say1 = "o w\ld h>dly h ?\ght t m]e ecc5tricity 9 "y arti/s c\ld h excit$ an ho/ility s det]m9$ & s cruel2 ho/ility :i* hesitat$ at no ass]tion1 h[ev] impud5t4 ,t ( ! abs5ce ( p]spective 0 "o ( ! mo/ curi\s pieces ( ! hue & cry :i* began ) ! ,times1 & di$ away 9 feeble maund]+ 9 ! ,art ,union2 ,i contradict$ x 9 ! ,times--,i "h contradict x directly = ! second "t4 ,!re 0 n a s+le error 9 p]spective 9 ?ree out ( ! f\r pictures 9 "q4 ,b if o!rwise1 w\ld x h be5 any?+ rem>kable 9 !m8 ,i d\bt if1 ) ! exception ( ! pictures ( ,david ,rob]ts1 !re 7 "o ar*itectural draw+ 9 p]spective on ! walls ( ! ,academy2 ,i nev] met b ) two m5 9 my life :o knew en\gh ( p]spective to draw a ,go?ic ar* 9 a retir+ plane1 s t its lat]al dim5sions & curvatures might be calculat$ to scale f ! draw+4 ,our ar*itects c]ta9ly d n1 & x 0 b ! o!r day t1 talk+ to "o ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ among !m1 ! au?or ( sev]al mo/ valuable works1 ,i f\nd he actually did n "k h[ to draw a circle 9 p]spective4 ,& 9 ?is /ate ( g5]al sci5ce our writ]s = ! press take x ^u !m to tell u1 t ! =e/-trees 9 ,mr4 ,hunt's ,sylvia1 & ! bun*es ( lilies 9 ,mr4 ,coll9s's ,conv5t ,?\ghts1 are out ( p]spective4#ca #ahe4 ,x might n1 ,i ?9k1 9 su* circum/ances1 h be5 ungraceful or unwise 9 ! ,academicians !mselves to h def5d$ _! "y pupils1 at lea/ by ! contradiction ( /atem5ts directly false respect+ !m1#cb & ! direction ( ! m9d & sight ( ! public to su* real m]it z !y possess4 ,if ,sir ,*>les ,ea/lake1 ,mulready1 ,edw9 & ,*>les ,l&se]1 ,cope1 & ,dyce w\ld ea* ( !m simply /ate _! own private op9ion respect+ _! pa9t+s1 sign x1 & publi% x1 ,i believe ! act w\ld be ( m s]vice to ,engli% art ?an any?+ ! ,academy has done s9ce x 0 f\nd$4 ,b z ,i _c hope = ?is1 ,i c only ask ! public to give _! pictures c>eful exam9ation1 & to look at !m at once ) ! indulg5ce & ! respect :i* ,i h endeavor$ to %[ !y des]ve4 ,yet let me n be misund]/ood4 ,i h adduc$ !m only z examples ( ! k9d ( /udy :i* ,i w\ld desire to see sub/itut$ = t ( our mod]n s*ools1 & ( s+ul> success 9 c]ta9 *>act]s1 f9i% ( detail1 & brilliancy ( color4 ,:at faculties1 high] ?an imitative1 may be 9 ^! m51 ,i d n yet v5ture to say2 b ,i d say1 t if !y exi/1 su* faculties w manife/ !mselves 9 due "t all ! m =cibly because !y h receiv$ tra9+ s sev]e4 #ahf4 ,= x is always to be rememb]$ t no "o m9d is l ano!r1 ei!r 9 its p[]s or p]ceptions2 & :ile ! ma9 pr9ciples ( tra9+ mu/ be ! same = all1 ! result 9 ea* w be z v>i\s z ! k9ds ( tru? :i* ea* w appreh5d2 !re=e1 also1 ! modes ( ef=t1 ev5 9 m5 ^: inn] pr9ciples & f9al aims are exactly ! same4 ,suppose1 = in/ance1 two m51 equally hone/1 equally indu/ri\s1 equally impress$ ) a humble desire to r5d] "s "p ( :at !y saw 9 nature fai?fully2 &1 o!rwise1 tra9$ 9 convictions su* z ,i h above endeavor$ to induce4 ,b "o ( !m is quiet 9 temp]am5t1 has a feeble memory1 no inv5tion1 & excessively ke5 sight4 ,! o!r is impati5t 9 temp]am5t1 has a memory :i* no?+ escapes1 an inv5tion :i* nev] re/s1 & is comp>atively ne>-sight$4 #ahg4 ,set !m bo? free 9 ! same field 9 a m\nta9 valley4 ,"o sees ev]y?+1 small & l>ge1 ) almo/ ! same cle>ness2 m\nta9s & gras%opp]s alike2 ! leaves on ! bran*es1 ! ve9s 9 ! pebbles1 ! bubbles 9 ! /ream2 b he c rememb] no?+1 & inv5t no?+4 ,pati5tly he sets himself to 8 mighty task2 ab&on+ at once all ?\ghts ( seiz+ transi5t effects1 or giv+ g5]al impressions ( t :i* 8 eyes pres5t to him 9 microscopical dissection1 he *ooses "s small portion out ( ! inf9ite sc5e1 & calculates ) c\rage ! numb] ( weeks :i* mu/ elapse be=e he c d ju/ice to ! int5sity ( 8 p]ceptions1 or ! fullness ( matt] 9 8 subject4 #ahh4 ,meantime1 ! o!r has be5 wat*+ ! *ange ( ! cl\ds1 & ! m>* ( ! light along ! m\nta9 sides2 he beholds ! entire sc5e 9 broad1 s(t masses ( true gradation1 & ! v feebl5ess ( 8 sight is 9 "s sort an advantage to him1 9 mak+ him m s5sible ( ! a]ial my/]y ( di/ance1 & hid+ f him ! multitudes ( circum/ances :i* x w\ld h be5 impossible = him to repres5t4 ,b !re is n "o *ange 9 ! ca/+ ( ! jagg$ %ad[s along ! holl[s ( ! hills1 b x is fix$ on 8 m9d =ev]2 n a flake ( spray has brok5 f ! sea ( cl\d ab\t _! bases1 b he has wat*$ x z x melts away1 & c\ld recall x to its lo/ place 9 heav5 by ! slighte/ ef=t ( 8 ?\ghts4 ,n only s1 b ?\s&s & ?\s&s ( su* images1 ( old] sc5es1 rema9 congregat$ 9 8 m9d1 ea* m+l+ 9 new associations ) ^? n[ visibly pass+ be=e him1 & ^! aga9 confus$ ) o!r images ( 8 own ceaseless1 sleepless imag9ation1 fla%+ by 9 sudd5 troops4 ,fancy h[ 8 pap] w be cov]$ ) /ray symbols & blots1 & undeciph]able %or?&3--z = 8 sitt+ d[n to draw f ,nature1 !re 0 n "o ( ! ?+s :i* he wi%$ to repres5t1 t /ay$ = s mu* z five seconds toge!r3 b none ( !m escap$ = all t3 !y are seal$ up 9 t /range /oreh\se ( 82 he may take "o ( !m out p]haps1 ?is day tw5ty ye>s1 & pa9t x 9 8 d>k room1 f> away4 ,n[1 obs]ve1 y may tell bo? ( ^! m51 :5 !y are "y1 t !y are to be hone/1 t !y h an important function1 & t !y are n to c>e :at ,raphael did4 ,?is y may :olesomely impress on !m bo?4 ,b fancy ! exquisite absurdity ( expect+ ei!r ( !m to possess any ( ! qualities ( ! o!r4 #ahi4 ,i h suppos$ ! feebl5ess ( sight 9 ! la/1 & ( inv5tion 9 ! fir/ pa9t]1 t ! contra/ betwe5 !m might be m /rik+2 b1 ) v slight modification1 bo? ! *>act]s are real4 ,grant to ! fir/ consid]able inv5tive p[]1 ) exquisite s5se ( color2 & give to ! second1 9 addition to all 8 o!r faculties1 ! eye ( an eagle2 & ! fir/ is ,john ,ev]ett ,millais1 ! second ,joseph ,mall>d ,william ,turn]4 ,!y are among ! few m5 :o h defi$ all false tea*+1 & h !re=e1 9 great measure1 done ju/ice to ! gifts ) :i* !y 7 intru/$4 ,!y /& at opposite poles1 m>k+ culm9at+ po9ts ( art 9 bo? directions2 betwe5 !m1 or 9 v>i\s relations to !m1 we may class five or six m liv+ arti/s :o1 9 l mann]1 h done ju/ice to _! p[]s4 ,i tru/ t ,i may be p>don$ = nam+ !m1 9 ord] t ! read] may "k h[ ! /rong innate g5ius 9 ea* has be5 inv>iably accompani$ ) ! same humility1 e>ne/ness1 & indu/ry 9 /udy4 #aij4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to po9t out ! e>ne/ness or humility 9 ! works ( ,william ,hunt2 b x may be s to sugge/ ! high value !y possess z records ( ,engli% rural life1 & /ill life4 ,:o is !re :o = a mom5t c\ld cont5d ) him 9 ! unaffect$1 yet humor\s tru? ) :i* he has pa9t$ our peasant *ildr58 ,:o is !re :o does n sympa?ize ) him 9 ! simple love ) :i* he dwells on ! brightness & bloom ( our summ] fruit & fl[]s8 ,& yet !re is some?+ to be regrett$ conc]n+ him3 :y %\ld he be all[$ cont9ually to pa9t ! same bun*es ( hot-h\se grapes1 & supply to ! ,wat] ,color ,society a succession ( p9e-apples ) ! regul>ity ( a ,cov5t ,g>d5 fruit]]8 ,he has ( late discov]$ t primrose banks are lovely1 b !re are o!r ?+s gr[ wild besides primroses3 :at undreamt-( lovel9ess might he n br+ back to u1 if he w\ld lose himself = a summ] 9 ,highl& =egr\nds2 if he w\ld pa9t ! hea!r z x gr[s1 & ! foxglove & ! h>ebell z !y ne/le 9 ! clefts ( ! rocks1 & ! mosses & bright li*5s ( ! rocks !mselves4 ,& !n1 cross to ! ,jura1 & br+ back a piece ( ,jura pa/ure 9 spr+2 ) ! g5tians 9 _! e>lie/ blue1 & a soldanelle beside ! fad+ sn[6 ,& return aga91 & pa9t a gray wall ( alp9e crag1 ) budd+ roses cr[n+ x l a wrea? ( rubies4 ,t is :at he 0 meant to d 9 ?is _w2 n to pa9t b\quets 9 *9a vases4 #aia4 ,i h 9 v>i\s o!r places express$ my s9c]e respect = ! works ( ,samuel ,pr\t3 8 %ortness ( sight has necess>ily prev5t$ _! possess+ delicacy ( f9i% or fullness ( m9or detail2 b ,i ?9k t ^? ( no o!r liv+ arti/ furni% an example s /rik+ ( innate & special in/9ct1 s5t to d a p>ticul> "w at ! exact & only p]iod :5 x 0 possible4 ,at ! in/ant :5 peace _h be5 e/abli%$ all ov] ,europe1 b :5 nei!r national "* nor national ar*itecture _h z yet be5 s]i\sly *ang$ by promiscu\s int]c\rse or mod]n improvem5t2 :51 h[ev]1 ne>ly e anci5t & beautiful build+ _h be5 long left 9 a /ate ( comp>ative neglect1 s t its aspect ( p>tial ru9\sness1 & ( sep>ation f rec5t active life1 gave to e edifice a peculi> int]e/--half sorr[ful1 half sublime2--at t mom5t ,pr\t 0 tra9$ among ! r\gh rocks & simple cottages ( ,cornwall1 until 8 eye 0 accu/om$ to foll[ ) delight ! r5ts & breaks1 & irregul>ities :i*1 to ano!r man1 w\ld h be5 (f5sive2 & !n1 gift$ ) inf9ite read9ess 9 composition1 b also ) inf9ite affection = ! k9d ( subjects he _h to portray1 he 0 s5t to pres]ve1 9 an almo/ innum]able s]ies ( draw+s1 e "o made on ! spot1 ! aspect borne1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 by cities :i*1 9 a few ye>s m1 re-k9dl$ w>s1 or unexpect$ prosp]ities1 7 to ravage1 or r5ovate1 into no?+ness4#cc #aib4 ,x seems /range to pass f ,pr\t to ,john ,lewis2 b !re is ?is fell[%ip betwe5 !m1 t bo? seem to h be5 int5d$ to appreciate ! *>act]s ( =eign c\ntries m ?an ( _! own1 nay1 to h be5 born 9 ,engl& *iefly t ! excitem5t ( /rang5ess might enhance to !m ! int]e/ ( ! sc5es !y _h to repres5t4 ,i believe ,john ,lewis to h done m entire ju/ice to all 8 p[]s 7& !y are magnific5t ones71 ?an any o!r man among/ u4 ,8 mission 0 evid5tly to portray ! comp>atively animal life ( ! s\!rn & ea/]n families ( mank9d4 ,= ?is he 0 prep>$ 9 a some:at s+ul> way--by be+ l$ to /udy1 & end[$ ) altoge!r peculi> appreh5sion (1 ! mo/ sublime *>act]s ( animals !mselves4 ,rub5s1 ,rembr&t1 ,snyd]s1 ,t9toret1 & ,titian1 h all1 9 v>i\s ways1 drawn wild bea/s magnific5tly2 b !y h 9 "s sort humaniz$ or demoniz$ !m1 mak+ !m ei!r rav5\s fi5ds1 or educat$ bea/s1 t w\ld draw c>s1 & _h respect = h]mits4 ,! sull5 isolation ( ! brutal nature2 ! dignity & quietness ( ! mighty limbs2 ! %aggy m\nta9\s p[]1 m+l$ ) grace z ( a fl[+ /ream2 ! /eal?y re/ra9t ( /r5g? & wra? 9 e s\ndless motion ( ! gigantic frame2 all ?is seems nev] to h be5 se51 mu* less drawn1 until ,lewis drew & himself engrav$ a s]ies ( animal subjects1 n[ _m ye>s ago4 ,s9ce !n1 he has devot$ himself to ! portraiture ( ^? ,european & ,asiatic races1 among :om ! ref9em5ts ( civilization exi/ )\t its laws or its en]gies1 & 9 :om ! fi]c5ess1 indol5ce1 & subtlety ( animal nature are associat$ ) brilliant imag9ation & /rong affections4 ,to ?is task he has br\ght n only int5se p]ception ( ! k9d ( "*1 b p[]s ( arti/ical composition l ^? ( ! great ,v5etians1 display+1 at ! same "t1 a ref9em5t ( draw+ almo/ miracul\s1 & appreciable only1 z ! m9utiae ( nature itself are appreciable1 by ! help ( ! microscope4 ,! value1 !re=e1 ( 8 works1 z records ( ! aspect ( ! sc5]y & inhabitants ( ! s\? ( ,spa9 & ( ! ,ea/1 9 ! e>li] "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 is q above all e/imate4 #aic4 ,i h>dly "k h[ to speak ( ,mulready3 9 delicacy & completion ( draw+1 & spl5dor ( color1 he takes place beside ,john ,lewis & ! ,pre-,raphaelites2 b he has1 ?r\gh\t 8 c>e]1 display$ no def9it5ess 9 *oice ( subject4 ,he mu/ be nam$ among ! pa9t]s :o h /udi$ ) indu/ry1 & h made !mselves great by do+ s2 b1 hav+ obta9$ a consummate me?od ( execution1 he has ?r[n x away on subjects ei!r altoge!r un9t]e/+1 or above 8 p[]s1 or unfit = pictorial repres5tation4 ,! ,*]ry ,woman1 exhibit$ 9 #ahej1 may be nam$ z an example ( ! fir/ k9d2 ! ,bur*ell & ,sophia ( ! second 7! "* ( ,sir ,william ,?ornhill be+ utt]ly miss$72 ! ,sev5 ,ages ( ! ?ird2 = ?is subject _c be pa9t$4 ,9 ! writt5 passage1 ! ?\ghts are progressive & connect$2 9 ! picture !y mu/ be co-exi/5t1 & yet sep>ate2 nor c all ! *>act]s ( ! ages be r5d]$ 9 pa9t+ at all4 ,"o may repres5t ! soldi] at ! cannon's m\?1 b "o _c pa9t ! bubble reputation :i* he seeks4 ,mulready1 !re=e1 :ile he has always produc$ exquisite pieces ( pa9t+1 has fail$ 9 do+ any?+ :i* c be ( true or ext5sive use4 ,he has1 inde$1 und]/ood h[ to discipl9e 8 g5ius1 b nev] h[ to direct x4 #aid4 ,edw9 ,l&se] is ! la/ pa9t] b "o :om ,i %all "n3 ,i ne$ n po9t out to anyone acqua9t$ ) 8 e>li] works1 ! labor1 or wat*fulness ( nature :i* !y involve1 nor ne$ ,i d m ?an allude to ! peculi> faculties ( 8 m9d4 ,x w at once be grant$ t ! highe/ m]its ( 8 pictures are ?r\gh\t f\nd 9 ^? p>ts ( !m :i* are lea/ l :at _h be=e be5 accompli%$2 & t x 0 n by ! /udy ( ,raphael t he atta9$ 8 em95t success1 b by a heal?y love ( ,scot* t]ri]s4 ,none ( ^! pa9t]s1 h[ev]1 x w be answ]$1 af=d examples ( ! rise ( ! highe/ imag9ative p[] out ( close /udy ( matt]s ( fact4 ,be x rememb]$1 h[ev]1 t ! imag9ative p[]1 9 its magnific5ce1 is n to be f\nd e day4 ,lewis has x 9 no mean degree1 b we _c hope to f9d x at its highe/ m ?an once 9 an age4 ,we h _h x once1 & mu/ be cont5t4 #aie4 ,t[>ds ! close ( ! la/ c5tury1 among ! v>i\s draw+s execut$1 accord+ to ! quiet mann] ( ! "t1 9 grayi% blue1 ) br[n =egr\nds1 "s began to be notic$ z exhibit+ r m ?an ord9>y dilig5ce & delicacy1 sign$ ,w4 ,turn]4#cd ,!re 0 no?+1 h[ev]1 9 !m at all indicative ( g5ius1 or ev5 ( m ?an ord9>y tal5t1 unless 9 "s ( ! subjects a l>ge p]ception ( space1 & excessive cle>ness & decision 9 ! arrangem5t ( masses4 ,gradually & cauti\sly ! blues became m+l$ ) delicate gre51 & !n ) gold2 ! br[ns 9 ! =egr\nd became fir/ m positive1 & !n 7 slightly m+l$ ) o!r local colors2 :ile ! t\*1 :i* _h at fir/ be5 heavy & brok51 l t ( ! ord9>y draw+ ma/]s ( ! "t1 grew m & m ref9$ & expressive1 until x lo/ itself 9 a me?od ( execution (t5 too delicate = ! eye to foll[1 r5d]+1 ) a precision be=e unexampl$1 bo? ! texture & ! =m ( e object4 ,! /yle may be consid]$ z p]fectly =m$ ab\t ! ye> #ahjj1 & x rema9$ un*ang$ = tw5ty ye>s4 ,dur+ t p]iod ! pa9t] _h attempt$1 & ) m or less success _h r5d]$1 e ord] ( l&scape subject1 b always on ! same pr9ciple1 subdu+ ! colors ( nature into a h>mony ( :i* ! keynotes are grayi% gre5 & br[n2 pure blues1 & delicate gold5 yell[s be+ admitt$ 9 small quantity z ! l[e/ & highe/ limits ( %ade & light3 & bright local colors 9 extremely small quantity 9 figures or o!r m9or accessories4 #aif4 ,pictures execut$ on su* a sy/em are n1 prop]ly speak+1 works 9 color at all2 !y are /udies ( light & %ade1 9 :i* bo? ! %ade & ! di/ance are r5d]$ 9 ! g5]al hue :i* be/ expresses _! attributes ( coolness & transp>5cy2 & ! lights & ! =egr\nd are execut$ 9 t :i* be/ expresses _! w>m? & solidity4 ,?is advantage may j z well be tak5 z n1 9 /udies ( light & %ad[ to be execut$ ) ! h&2 b ! use ( two1 ?ree1 or f\r colors1 always 9 ! same relations & places1 does n 9 ! lea/ con/itute ! "w a /udy ( color1 any m ?an ! br[n engrav+s ( ! ,lib] ,/udiorum2 nor w\ld ! idea ( color be 9 g5]al m pres5t to ! arti/'s m9d :5 he 0 at "w on "o ( ^! draw+s1 ?an :5 he 0 us+ pure br[n 9 ! mezzot9t engrav+4 ,b ! idea ( space1 w>m?1 & fre%ness be+ n successfully expressible 9 a s+le t9t1 & p]fectly expressible by ! admission ( ?ree or f\r1 he all[s himself ?is advantage :5 x is possible1 )\t 9 ! lea/ emb>rass+ himself ) ! actual color ( ! objects to be repres5t$4 ,a /one 9 ! =egr\nd might 9 nature h be5 cold gray1 b x w be drawn nev]!less ( a ri* br[n1 because x is 9 ! =egr\nd2 a hill 9 ! di/ance might 9 nature be purple ) hea?1 or gold5 ) furze2 b x w be drawn1 nev]!less1 ( a cool gray1 because x is 9 ! di/ance4 #aig4 ,?is at lea/ 0 ! g5]al !ory1--c>ri$ out ) great sev]ity 9 _m1 bo? ( ! draw+s & pictures execut$ by him dur+ ! p]iod3 9 o!rs m or less modifi$ by ! cauti\s introduction ( color1 z ! pa9t] felt 8 lib]ty increas+2 = ! sy/em 0 evid5tly nev] consid]$ z f9al1 or z any?+ m ?an a means ( progress3 ! conv5tional1 easily manageable color1 0 visibly adopt$1 only t 8 m9d might be at p]fect lib]ty to address itself to ! acquirem5t ( ! fir/ & mo/ necess>y k 9 all art--t ( =m4 ,b z =m1 9 l&scape1 implies va/ bulk & space1 ! use ( ! t9ts :i* enabl$ him be/ to express !m1 0 actually auxili>y to ! m]e draw+2 &1 !re=e1 n only p]missible1 b ev5 necess>y1 :ile m brilliant or v>i$ t9ts 7 nev] indulg$ 91 except :5 !y might be introduc$ )\t ! slighte/ dang] ( div]t+ 8 m9d = an in/ant f 8 pr9cipal object4 ,&1 !re=e1 x w be g5]ally f\nd 9 ! works ( ?is p]iod1 t exactly 9 proportion to ! importance & g5]al toil ( ! composition1 is ! sev]ity ( ! t9t2 & t ! play ( color beg9s to %[ itself fir/ 9 slight & small draw+s1 :]e he felt t he c\ld easily secure all t he want$ 9 =m4 #aih4 ,?us ! ,cross+ ! ,brook1 & su* o!r elaborate & l>ge compositions1 are actually pa9t$ 9 no?+ b gray1 br[n1 & blue1 ) a po9t or two ( sev]e local color 9 ! figures2 b 9 ! m9or draw+s1 t5d] passages ( complicat$ color occur n unfrequ5tly 9 easy places2 & ev5 be=e ! ye> #ahjj he beg9s to introduce x ) evid5t joyfulness & long+ 9 8 rude & simple /udies1 j z a *ild1 if x c\ld be suppos$ to gov]n itself by a fully develop$ intellect1 w\ld cauti\sly1 b ) inf9ite pleasure1 add n[ & !n a t9y di% ( fruit or o!r dang]\s luxury to ! simple ord] ( its daily f>e4 ,?us1 9 ! =egr\nds ( 8 mo/ sev]e draw+s1 we n unfrequ5tly f9d him indulg+ 9 ! luxury ( a peacock2 & x is impossible to express ! joyfulness ) :i* he seems to design its graceful =m1 & deep5 ) s(t p5cil+ ! bloom ( its blue1 aft] he has work$ ?r\gh ! /]n detail ( 8 almo/ colorless draw+4 ,a ra9b[ is ano!r ( 8 mo/ frequ5tly p]mitt$ indulg5ces2 & we f9d him v e>ly all[+ ! edges ( 8 ev5+ cl\ds to be t\*$ ) s(t rose-color or gold2 :ile1 :5ev] ! hues ( nature 9 anywise fall into 8 sy/em1 & c be caught )\t a dang]\s dep>ture f x1 he in/antly ?r[s 8 :ole s\l into ! fai?ful r5d]+ ( !m4 ,?us ! usual br[n tones ( 8 =egr\nd become w>m$ into sudd5 vigor1 & are v>i$ & enhanc$ ) indescribable delight1 :5 he f9ds himself by ! %ore ( a moorl& /ream1 :]e !y truly express ! /a9 ( its gold5 rocks1 & ! d>kness ( its cle>1 ,cairngorm-l pools1 & ! usual s]5ity ( 8 a]ial blue is enri*$ into ! s(tness & dep? ( ! sapphire1 :5 x c deep5 ! di/ant slumb] ( "s ,highl& lake1 or temp] ! gloomy %ad[s ( ! ev5+ ^u its hills4 #aii4 ,! sy/em ( 8 color be+ ?us simplifi$1 he c\ld address all ! /r5g? ( 8 m9d to ! accumulation ( facts ( =m2 8 *oice ( subject1 & 8 me?ods ( treatm5t1 are !re=e z v>i\s z 8 color is simple2 & x is n a little difficult to give ! read] :o is unacqua9t$ ) 8 works1 an idea ei!r ( _! inf9itude ( aims1 on ! "o h&1 or ( ! k9d ( feel+ :i* p]vades !m all1 on ! o!r4 ,no subject 0 too l[ or too high = him2 we f9d him "o day h>d at "w on a cock & h51 ) _! family ( *ick5s 9 a f>m-y>d2 & br++ all ! ref9em5t ( 8 execution into play to express ! texture ( ! plumage2 next day he is draw+ ! ,dragon ( ,col*is4 ,"o h\r he is mu* int]e/$ 9 a gu/ ( w9d bl[+ away an old woman's cap2 ! next1 he is pa9t+ ! fif? plague ( ,egypt4 ,e l&scape pa9t] be=e him _h acquir$ di/9ction by conf9+ 8 ef=ts to "o class ( subject4 ,hobbima pa9t$ oaks2 ,ruysdael1 wat]falls & copses2 ,cuyp1 riv] or mead[ sc5es 9 quiet aft]noons2 ,salvator & ,p\ss91 su* k9d ( m\nta9 sc5]y z p c\ld conceive1 :o liv$ 9 t[ns 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,b ,i am well p]suad$ t if all ! works ( ,turn]1 up to ! ye> #ahbj1 7 divid$ into classes 7z he has himself divid$ !m 9 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum71 no prepond]ance c\ld be assign$ to "o class ov] ano!r4 ,!re is ar*itecture1 includ+ a l>ge numb] ( =mal g5tlem5's seats1 ,i suppose draw+s commission$ by ! own]s2 !n l[l& pa/oral sc5]y ( e k9d1 includ+ ne>ly all f>m+ op]ations---pl[+1 h>r[+1 h$g+ & dit*+1 fell+ trees1 %eep-wa%+1 & ,i "k n :at else2 !n all k9ds ( t[n life--c\rty>ds ( inns1 />t+ ( mail coa*es1 int]iors ( %ops1 h\se-build+s1 fairs1 elections1 etc42 !n all k9ds ( inn] dome/ic life--int]iors ( rooms1 /udies ( co/umes1 ( /ill life1 & h]aldry1 includ+ multitudes ( symbolical vignettes2 !n m>9e sc5]y ( e k9d1 full ( local incid5t2 e k9d ( boat & me?od ( fi%+ = p>ticul> fi%1 be+ specifically drawn1 r\nd ! :ole coa/ ( ,engl&--pil*>d fi%+ at ,/4 ,ives1 :it+ fi%+ at ,m>gate1 h]r+ at ,lo* ,fyne2 & all k9ds ( %ipp+1 includ+ /udies ( e sep>ate "p ( ! vessels1 & _m m>9e battle pieces1 two 9 p>ticul> ( ,trafalg>1 bo? ( high importance--"o ( ! ,victory aft] ! battle1 n[ 9 ,gre5wi* ,hospital2 ano!r ( ! dea? ( ,nelson1 9 8 own gall]y2 !n all k9ds ( m\nta9 sc5]y1 "s idealiz$ into compositions1 o!rs ( def9ite localities2 toge!r ) classical compositions1 ,romes1 & ,c>?ages1 & su* o!rs1 by ! myriad1 ) my?ological1 hi/orical1 or allegorical figures--nymphs1 mon/]s1 & spect]s2 h]oes & div9ities4#ce #bjj4 ,:at g5]al feel+1 x may be ask$ incr$ul\sly1 c possibly p]vade all ?is8 ,?is1 ! greate/ ( all feel+s--an utt] =getfulness ( self4 ,?r\gh\t ! :ole p]iod ) :i* we are at pres5t conc]n$1 ,turn] appe>s z a man ( sympa?y absolutely inf9ite--a sympa?y s all-embrac+1 t ,i "k no?+ b t ( ,%akspe>e comp>able ) x4 ,a soldi]'s wife re/+ by ! roadside is n b5ea? x2#cf ,rizpah1 ! daught] ( ,aiah1 wat*+ ! dead bodies ( h] sons1 n above x4 ,no?+ c possibly be s mean z t x w n int]e/ 8 :ole m9d1 & c>ry away 8 :ole he>t2 no?+ s great or solemn b t he c raise himself into h>mony ) x2 & x is impossible to prophesy ( him at any mom5t1 :e!r1 ! next1 he w be 9 laught] or 9 te>s4 #bja4 ,?is is ! root ( ! man's greatness2 & x foll[s z a matt] ( c\rse t ?is sympa?y mu/ give him a subtle p[] ( expression1 ev5 ( ! *>act]s ( m]e mat]ial ?+s1 su* z no o!r pa9t] ev] possess$4 ,! man :o c be/ feel ! diff]5ce betwe5 rud5ess & t5d]ness 9 humanity1 p]ceives also m diff]5ce betwe5 ! bran*es ( an oak & a will[ ?an anyone else w\ld2 &1 !re=e1 necess>ily ! mo/ /rik+ "* ( ! draw+s !mselves is ! speciality ( :atev] !y repres5t--! ?or\gh /iffness ( :at is /iff1 & grace ( :at is graceful1 & va/ness ( :at is va/2 b ?r\gh & beyond all ?is1 ! condition ( ! m9d ( ! pa9t] himself is easily en\gh discov]able by comp>ison ( a l>ge numb] ( ! draw+s4 ,x is s+ul>ly s]5e & peaceful3 9 itself q passionless1 ?\gh ent]+ ) ease into ! ext]nal passion :i* x contemplates4 ,by ! ef=t ( its w x sympa?izes ) tumult or di/ress1 ev5 9 _! extremes1 b !re is no tumult1 no sorr[ 9 itself1 only a *a/5$ & exquisitely peaceful *e]fulness1 deeply m$itative2 t\*$1 )\t loss ( its own p]fect balance1 by sadness on ! "o side1 & /oop+ to playfulness ^u ! o!r4 ,i %all nev] cease to regret ! de/ruction1 by fire1 n[ sev]al ye>s ago1 ( a draw+ :i* always seem$ to me to be ! p]fect image ( ! pa9t]'s m9d at ?is p]iod1--! draw+ ( ,brignal ,*ur* ne> ,rokeby1 ( :i* a feeble idea may /ill be ga!r$ f ! engrav+ 79 ! ,york%ire s]ies74 ,! spectator /&s on ! ,brignal banks1 look+ d[n into ! gl5 at twilight2 ! sky is /ill full ( s(t rays1 ?\gh ! sun is gone1 & ! ,greta glances brightly 9 ! valley1 s++ its ev5-song2 two :ite cl\ds1 foll[+ ea* o!r1 move )\t w9d ?r\gh ! holl[s ( ! rav9e1 & o!rs lie c\*$ on ! f> away moorl&s2 e leaf ( ! woods is /ill 9 ! delicate air2 a boy's kite1 incapable ( ris+1 has become entangl$ 9 _! bran*es1 he is climb+ to recov] x2 & j beh9d x 9 ! picture1 almo/ indicat$ by x1 ! l[ly *ur* is se5 9 its seclud$ field betwe5 ! rocks & ! /ream2 & ar\nd1 x ! l[ *ur*y>d wall1 & a few :ite /ones :i* m>k ! re/+ places ( ^? :o c climb ! rocks no m1 nor he> ! riv] s+ z x passes4 ,!re are _m o!r exi/+ draw+s :i* indicate ! same "* ( m9d1 ?\gh ,i ?9k none s t\*+ or s beautiful3 yet !y are n1 z ,i said above1 m num]\s ?an ^? :i* express 8 sympa?y ) sublim] or m active sc5es2 b !y are almo/ always m>k$ by a t5d]ness ( execution1 & h a look ( be+ belov$ 9 e "p ( !m1 :i* %[s !m to be ! true/ expression ( 8 own feel+s4 #bjb4 ,"o o!r *>act]i/ic ( 8 m9d at ?is p]iod rema9s to be notic$--its rev]5ce = tal5t 9 o!rs4 ,n ! rev]5ce :i* acts ^u ! practices ( m5 z if !y 7 ! laws ( nature1 b t :i* is ready to appreciate ! p[]1 & receive ! assi/ance1 ( e m9d :i* has be5 previ\sly employ$ 9 ! same direction1 s f> z its tea*+ seems to be consi/5t ) ! great text-book ( nature itself4 ,turn] ?us /udi$ almo/ e prec$+ l&scape pa9t]1 *iefly ,claude1 ,p\ss91 ,v&evelde1 ,l\!rb\rg1 & ,wilson4 ,x 0 probably by ! ,sir ,george ,beaumonts & o!r feeble conv5tionali/s ( ! p]iod1 t he 0 p]suad$ to devote 8 att5tion to ! works ( ^! m52 & 8 hav+ done s w be ?\ght1 a few scores ( ye>s h5ce1 evid5ce ( p]haps ! greate/ mode/y ev] %[n by a man ( orig9al p[]4 ,mode/y at once admirable & un=tunate1 = ! /udy ( ! works ( ,v&evelde & ,claude 0 productive ( unmix$ mis*ief to him3 he spoil$ _m ( 8 m>9e pictures1 z = in/ance ,"l ,ellesm]e's1 by imitation ( ! =m]2 & f ! latt] le>n$ a false ideal1 :i*1 confirm$ by ! notions ( ,greek art preval5t 9 ,london 9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is c5tury1 has manife/$ itself 9 _m vulg>ities 9 8 composition pictures1 vulg>ities :i* may p]haps be be/ express$ by ! g5]al t]m ,twick5ham ,classicism1 z consi/+ pr9cipally 9 conceptions ( anci5t or ( rural life su* z h influ5c$ ! erection ( mo/ ( our suburban villas4 ,f ,nicole ,p\ss9 & ,l\!rb\rg he seems to h d]iv$ advantage2 p]haps also f ,wilson2 & mu* 9 8 subsequ5t travels f f> high] m51 especially ,t9toret & ,paul ,v]onese4 ,i h myself he>d him speak+ ) s+ul> delight ( ! putt+ 9 ( ! bee* leaves 9 ! upp] "r-h& corn] ( ,titian's ,pet] ,m>tyr4 ,i _c 9 any ( 8 works trace ! slighte/ influ5ce ( ,salvator2 & ,i am n surpris$ at x1 = ?\gh ,salvator 0 a man ( f> high] p[]s ?an ei!r ,v&evelde or ,claude1 he 0 a willful & gross c>icaturi/4 ,turn] w\ld condesc5d to be help$ by feeble m51 b c\ld n be corrupt$ by false m54 ,besides1 he _h nev] himself se5 classical life1 & ,claude 0 repres5t$ to him z compet5t au?ority = x4 ,b he _h se5 m\nta9s & torr5ts1 & knew !re=e t ,salvator c\ld n pa9t !m4 #bjc4 ,"o ( ! mo/ *>act]i/ic draw+s ( ?is p]iod =tunately be>s a date1 #ahah1 & br+s u )9 two ye>s ( ano!r dat$ draw+1 no less *>act]i/ic ( :at ,i %all h5ce=w>d call ,turn]'s ,second p]iod4 ,x is 9 ! possession ( ,mr4 ,hawkeswor? ,fawkes ( ,f>nley1 "o ( ,turn]'s e>lie/ & true/ fri5ds2 & be>s ! inscription1 unusually conspicu\s1 heav+ itself up & d[n ov] ! em95ces ( ! =egr\nd--,,passage ,,( ,,mont ,,c5is4 ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,,turn]1 ,janu>y #ae?1 #ahbj4 ,! sc5e is on ! summit ( ! pass close to ! hospice1 or :at seems to h be5 a hospice at t "t1--,i d n rememb] any su* at pres5t1--a small squ>e built h\se1 built z if p>tly = a =tress1 ) a deta*$ flight ( /one /eps 9 front ( x1 & a k9d ( drawbridge to ! door4 ,?is build+1 ab\t #djj or #ejj y>ds (f1 is se5 9 a dim1 a%y gray aga9/ ! light1 :i* by help ( a viol5t bla/ ( m\nta9 w9d has brok5 ?r\gh ! dep? ( cl\ds :i* hang ^u ! crags4 ,!re is no sky1 prop]ly s call$1 no?+ b ?is ro( ( drift+ cl\d2 b nei!r is !re any weight ( d>kness--! high air is too ?9 = x1--all savage1 h[l+1 & lum9\s ) cold1 ! massy bases ( ! granite hills jutt+ out "h & !re grimly ?r\gh ! sn[ wrea?s4 ,!re is a desolate-look+ refuge on ! left1 ) its numb] #af1 m>k$ on x 9 long gha/ly figures1 & ! w9d is drift+ ! sn[ (f ! ro( & ?r\gh its w9d[ 9 a frantic :irl2 ! ne> gr\nd is all wan ) half-?aw$1 half-trampl$ sn[2 a dilig5ce 9 front1 ^: horses1 unable to face ! w9d1 h turn$ "r r\nd ) fright1 its pass5g]s /ruggl+ to escape1 jamm$ 9 ! w9d[2 a little f>!r on is ano!r c>riage (f ! road1 "s figures pu%+ at its :eels1 & its driv] at ! horses' heads1 pull+ & la%+ ) all 8 /r5g?1 8 lift$ arm /ret*$ out aga9/ ! light ( ! di/ance1 ?\gh too f> (f = ! :ip to be se54 #bjd4 ,n[ ,i am p]fectly c]ta9 t anyone ?or\ghly accu/om$ to ! e>li] works ( ! pa9t]1 & %[n ?is picture = ! fir/ "t1 w\ld be /ruck by two altoge!r new *>act]s 9 x4 ,! fir/1 a seem+ enjoym5t ( ! excitem5t ( ! sc5e1 totally diff]5t f ! contemplative philosophy ) :i* x w\ld =m]ly h be5 reg>d$4 ,e incid5t ( motion & ( en]gy is seiz$ ^u ) indescribable delight1 & e l9e ( ! composition animat$ ) a =ce & fury :i* are n[ no long] ! m]e expression ( a contemplat$ ext]nal tru?1 b h orig9 9 "s inh]5t feel+ 9 ! pa9t]'s m9d4 ,! second1 t al?\gh ! subject is "o 9 itself almo/ incapable ( color1 & al?\gh1 9 ord] to increase ! wildness ( ! impression1 all brilliant local color has be5 refus$ ev5 :]e x might easily h be5 introduc$1 z 9 ! figures2 yet 9 ! l[ m9or key :i* has be5 *os51 ! melodies ( color h be5 elaborat$ to ! utmo/ possible pit*1 s z to become a lead+1 in/ead ( a subord9ate1 elem5t 9 ! composition2 ! subdu$ w>m hues ( ! granite promontories1 ! dull /one color ( ! walls ( ! build+s1 cle>ly oppos$1 ev5 9 %ade1 to ! gray ( ! sn[ wrea?s heap$ aga9/ !m1 & ! fa9t gre5s & gha/ly blues ( ! glaci] ice1 be+ all express$ ) delicacies ( transition utt]ly unexampl$ 9 any previ\s draw+s4 #bje4 ,^!1 accord+ly1 are ! *ief *>act]i/ics ( ! works ( ,turn]'s second p]iod1 z di/+ui%$ f ! fir/1--a new en]gy inh]5t 9 ! m9d ( ! pa9t]1 dim9i%+ ! repose & exalt+ ! =ce & fire ( 8 conceptions1 & ! pres5ce ( ,color1 z at lea/ an ess5tial1 & (t5 a pr9cipal1 elem5t ( design4 ,n t x is impossible1 or ev5 unusual1 to f9d draw+s ( s]5e subject1 & p]fectly quiet feel+1 among ! compositions ( ?is p]iod2 b ! repose is 9 !m1 j z ! en]gy & tumult 7 9 ! e>li] p]iod1 an ext]nal quality1 :i* ! pa9t] images by an ef=t ( ! w3 x is no long] a "* inh]5t 9 himself4 ,! ,ulleswat]1 9 ! ,engl& s]ies1 is "o ( ^? :i* are 9 mo/ p]fect peace2 9 ! ,c[es1 ! sil5ce is only brok5 by ! da% ( ! boat's o>s1 & 9 ! ,alnwick by a /ag dr9k+2 b 9 at lea/ n9e draw+s out ( t51 ei!r sky1 wat]1 or figures are 9 rapid motion1 & ! gr&e/ draw+s are almo/ always ^? :i* h ev5 viol5t action 9 "o or o!r1 or 9 all2 e4g4 high =ce ( ,tees1 ,cov5try1 ,llan?ony1 ,salisbury1 ,llanb]is1 & su* o!rs4 #bjf4 ,! color is1 h[ev]1 a m absolute di/9ction2 & we mu/ return to ,mr4 ,fawkes's collection 9 ord] to see h[ ! *ange 9 x 0 effect$4 ,t su* a *ange w\ld take place at "o "t or o!r 0 ( c\rse to be securely anticipat$1 ! conv5tional sy/em ( ! fir/ p]iod be+1 z above /at$1 m]ely a means ( /udy4 ,b ! imm$iate cause 0 ! j\rney ( ! ye> #ahbj4 ,z might be guess$ f ! leg5d on ! draw+ above describ$1 ,passage ( ,mont ,c5is1 ,janu>y #ae?1 #ahbj1 t draw+ repres5ts :at happ5$ on ! day 9 "q to ! pa9t] himself4 ,he pass$ ! ,alps !n 9 ! w9t] ( #ahbj2 & ei!r 9 ! previ\s or subsequ5t summ]1 b on ! same j\rney1 he made a s]ies ( sket*es on ! ,rh9e1 9 body color1 n[ 9 ,mr4 ,fawkes's collection4 ,e "o ( ^? sket*es is ! almo/ in/antane\s record ( an effect ( color or atmosph]e1 tak5 /rictly f nature1 ! draw+ & ! details ( e subject be+ comp>atively subord9ate1 & ! color ne>ly z pr9cipal z ! light & %ade _h be5 be=e1--c]ta9ly ! lead+ feature1 ?\gh ! light & %ade are always exquisitely h>moniz$ ) x4 ,& naturally1 z ! color becomes ! lead+ object1 ^? times ( day are *os5 9 :i* x is mo/ lovely2 & :]eas be=e1 at lea/ five out ( six ( ,turn]'s draw+s repres5t$ ord9>y daylight1 we n[ f9d 8 att5tion direct$ con/antly to ! ev5+3 &1 = ! fir/ "t1 we h ^? rosy lights ^u ! hills1 ^? gorge\s falls ( sun ?r\gh flam+ heav5s1 ^? solemn twilights1 ) ! blue moon ris+ z ! we/]n sky gr[s dim1 :i* h ev] s9ce be5 ! !mes ( 8 mightie/ ?\ghts4 #bjg4 ,i h no d\bt1 t ! imm$iate reason ( ?is *ange 0 ! impression made ^u him by ! colors ( ! cont95tal skies4 ,:5 he fir/ travel$ on ! ,cont95t 7#ahjj71 he 0 comp>atively a "y /ud5t2 n yet able to draw =m z he want$1 he 0 =c$ to give all 8 ?\ghts & /r5g? to ?is prim>y object4 ,b n[ he 0 free to receive o!r impressions2 ! "t 0 come = p]fect+ 8 art1 & ! fir/ sunset :i* he saw on ! ,rh9e taught him t all previ\s l&scape art 0 va9 & valueless1 t 9 comp>ison ) natural color1 ! ?+s t _h be5 call$ pa9t+s 7 m]e ink & *>coal1 & t all prec$5t & all au?ority mu/ be ca/ away at once1 & trodd5 und]foot4 ,he ca/ !m away3 ! memories ( ,v&evelde & ,claude 7 at once we$$ out ( ! great m9d !y _h encumb]$2 !y & all ! rubbi% ( ! s*ools toge!r ) !m2 ! waves ( ! ,rh9e swept !m away =ev]3 & a new dawn rose ov] ! rocks ( ! ,sieb5gebirge4 #bjh4 ,!re 0 ano!r motive at "w1 :i* r5d]$ ! *ange /ill m complete4 ,8 fell[ arti/s 7 already consci\s en\gh ( 8 sup]ior p[] 9 draw+1 & _! be/ hope 0 t he might n be able to color4 ,!y _h begun to express ?is hope l\dly en\gh = x to rea* 8 e>s4 ,! engrav] ( "o ( 8 mo/ important m>9e pictures told me1 n long ago1 t "o day ab\t ! p]iod 9 "q1 ,turn] came into 8 room to exam9e ! progress ( ! plate1 n hav+ se5 8 own picture = sev]al mon?s4 ,x 0 "o ( 8 d>k e>ly pictures1 b 9 ! =egr\nd 0 a little piece ( luxury1 a pe>ly fi% wr\ght into hues l ^? ( an opal4 ,he /ood be=e ! picture = "s mom5ts2 !n laugh$1 & po9t$ joy\sly to ! fi%3--,!y say t ,turn] c't color6 & turn$ away4 #bji4 ,"u ! =ce ( ^! v>i\s impulses ! *ange 0 total4 ,e subject !nce=w>d 0 prim>ily conceiv$ 9 color2 & no engrav+ ev] gave ! slighte/ idea ( any draw+ ( ?is p]iod4 ,! arti/s :o _h any p]ception ( ! tru? 7 9 despair2 ! ,beaumontites1 classicali/s1 & owl species 9 g5]al1 9 z mu* indignation z _! dullness 0 capable (4 ,!y _h delib]ately clos$ _! eyes to all nature1 & _h gone on inquir+1 ,:]e d y put y\r br[n 'tree'8 ,a va/ revelation 0 made to !m at once1 en\gh to h dazzl$ anyone2 b to !m1 light un5durable z incompreh5sible4 ,!y did to ! moon compla91 9 "o vocif]\s1 unanim\s1 cont9u\s ,tu :oo4 ,%riek+ rose f all d>k places at ! same in/ant1 j ! same k9d ( %riek+ t is n[ rais$ aga9/ ! ,pre-,raphaelites4 ,^? glori\s old ,arabian ,nights1 h[ true !y are6 ,mock+ & :isp]+1 & abuse l\d & l[ by turns1 f all ! black /ones beside ! road1 :5 "o liv+ s\l is toil+ up ! hill to get ! gold5 wat]4 ,mock+ & :isp]+1 t he may look back1 & become a black /one l !mselves4 #baj4 ,turn] look$ n back1 b he w5t on 9 su* a temp] z a /rong man mu/ be 91 :5 he is =c$ to walk ) 8 f+]s 9 8 e>s4 ,he retir$ into himself2 he c\ld look no long] = help1 or c\nsel1 or sympa?y f anyone2 & ! _s ( defiance 9 :i* he 0 =c$ to labor l$ him sometimes into viol5ces1 f :i* ! slighte/ expression ( sympa?y w\ld h sav$ him4 ,! new en]gy t 0 ^u him1 & ! utt] isolation into :i* he 0 driv51 7 bo? alike dang]\s1 & _m draw+s ( ! "t %[ ! evil effects ( bo?2 "s ( !m be+ ha/y1 wild1 or exp]im5tal1 & o!rs little m ?an magnific5t expressions ( defiance ( public op9ion4 ,b all h ?is noble virtue--!y are 9 ev]y?+ 8 own3 !re are no m rem9isc5ces ( dead ma/]s1 no m trials ( skill 9 ! mann] ( ,claude or ,p\ss92 e faculty ( 8 s\l is fix$ ^u nature only1 z he saw h]1 or z he rememb]$ h]4 #baa4 ,i h spok5 above ( 8 gigantic memory3 x is especially necess>y to notice ?is1 9 ord] t we may und]/& ! k9d ( grasp :i* a man ( real imag9ation takes ( all ?+s t are once br\ght )9 8 rea*--grasp !nce=? n to be relax$ =ev]4 ,on look+ ov] any catalogues ( 8 works1 or ( p>ticul> s]ies ( !m1 we %all notice ! recurr5ce ( ! same subject two1 ?ree1 or ev5 _m times4 ,9 any o!r arti/ ?is w\ld be no?+ rem>kable4 ,probably1 mo/ mod]n l&scape pa9t]s multiply a favorite subject tw5ty1 ?irty1 or sixty fold1 putt+ ! %ad[s & ! cl\ds 9 diff]5t places1 & inv5t+1 z !y are pleas$ to call x1 a new effect e "t4 ,b if we exam9e ! successions ( ,turn]'s subjects1 we %all f9d !m ei!r ! records ( a succession ( impressions actually receiv$ by him at "s favorite locality1 or else repetitions ( "o impression receiv$ 9 e>ly y\?1 & aga9 & aga9 realiz$ z 8 increas+ p[]s enabl$ him to d bett] ju/ice to x4 ,9 ei!r case we %all f9d !m records ( se5 facts2 nev] compositions 9 8 room to fill up a favorite outl9e4 #bab4 ,= in/ance1 e travel]--at lea/1 e travel] ( ?irty ye>s' /&+--mu/ love ,calais1 ! place :]e he fir/ felt himself 9 a /range _w4 ,turn] evid5tly lov$ x excessively4 ,i h nev] catalogu$ 8 /udies ( ,calais1 b ,i rememb]1 at ?is mom5t1 five3 !re is fir/ ! ,pas de ,calais1 a v l>ge oil pa9t+1 :i* is :at he saw 9 broad daylight z he cross$ ov]1 :5 he got ne> ! ,fr5* side4 ,x is a c>eful /udy ( ,fr5* fi%+-boats runn+ = ! %ore be=e ! w9d1 ) ! picturesque old city 9 ! di/ance4 ,!n !re is ! ,calais ,h>bor 9 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum3 t is :at he saw j z he 0 go+ into ! h>bor--a heavy brig w>p+ out1 & v likely to get 9 8 way or run aga9/ ! pi]1 & bad wea!r com+ on4 ,!n !re is ! ,calais ,pi]1 a l>ge pa9t+1 engrav$ "s ye>s ago by ,mr4 ,lupton3#cg t is :at he saw :5 he _h l&$1 & ran back directly to ! pi] to see :at _h become ( ! brig4 ,! wea!r _h got /ill worse1 ! fi%wom5 7 be+ bl[n ab\t 9 a di/ressful mann] on ! pi] head1 & "s m fi%+-boats 7 runn+ 9 ) all spe$4 ,!n !re is ! ,=tr\ge1 ,calais3 t is :at he saw aft] he _h be5 home to ,desse9's1 & d9$1 & w5t out aga9 9 ! ev5+ to walk on ! s&s1 ! tide be+ d[n4 ,he _h nev] se5 su* a wa/e ( s&s be=e1 & x made an impression on him4 ,! %rimp girls 7 all scatt]$ ov] !m too1 & mov$ ab\t 9 :ite spots on ! wild %ore2 & ! /orm _h lull$ a little1 & !re 0 a sunset--su* a sunset6--& ! b>s ( ,=tr\ge se5 aga9/ x1 skeleton-wise4 ,he did n pa9t t directly2 ?\ght ov] x--pa9t$ x a long :ile aft]w>ds4 #bac4 ,!n !re is ! vignette 9 ! illu/rations to ,scott4 ,t is :at he saw z he 0 go+ home1 m$itatively2 & ! revolv+ ligh?\se came blaz+ out ^u him sudd5ly1 & di/urb$ him4 ,he did n l t s mu*2 made a vignette ( x1 h[ev]1 :5 he 0 ask$ to d a bit ( ,calais1 tw5ty or ?irty ye>s aft]w>ds1 hav+ already done all ! re/4 ,turn] nev] told me all ?is1 b anyone may see x if he w comp>e ! pictures4 ,!y might1 possibly1 n be impressions ( a s+le day1 b ( two days or ?ree2 ?\gh1 9 all human probability1 !y 7 se5 j z ,i h /at$ !m2#ch b !y are records ( successive impressions1 z pla9ly writt5 z ev] travel]'s di>y4 ,all ( !m pure v]acities4 ,!re=e immortal4 #bad4 ,i c\ld multiply ^! s]ies almo/ indef9itely f ! re/ ( 8 works4 ,:at is curi\s1 "s ( !m h a k9d ( private m>k runn+ ?r\gh all ! subjects4 ,?us1 ,i "k ?ree draw+s ( ,sc>bor\gh1 & all ( !m h a />fi% 9 ! =egr\nd3 ,i d n rememb] any o!rs ( 8 m>9e subjects :i* h a />fi%4 ,! o!r k9d ( repetition--! recurr5ce to "o e>ly impression--is1 h[ev]1 /ill m rem>kable4 ,9 ! collection ( ,f4 ,h4 ,bale1 ,esq41 !re is a small draw+ ( ,llan?ony ,abbey4 ,x is 9 8 boyi% mann]1 its date probably ab\t #agie2 evid5tly a sket* f nature1 f9i%$ at home4 ,x _h be5 a %[]y day2 ! hills 7 p>tially conceal$ by ! ra91 & gleams ( sun%9e break+ out at int]vals4 ,a man 0 fi%+ 9 ! m\nta9 /ream4 ,! "y ,turn] s\ght a place ( "s %elt] "u ! bu%es2 made 8 sket*2 took great pa9s :5 he got home to imitate ! ra91 z he be/ c\ld2 add$ 8 *ild's luxury ( a ra9b[2 put 9 ! v bu% "u :i* he _h tak5 %elt]1 & ! fi%]man1 a some:at ill-jo9t$ & long-legg$ fi%]man1 9 ! c\rtly %ort bree*es :i* 7 ! fa%ion ( ! "t4 #bae4 ,"s ?irty ye>s aft]w>ds1 ) all 8 p[]s 9 _! /ronge/ tra9+1 & aft] ! total *ange 9 8 feel+s & pr9ciples1 :i* ,i h endeavor$ to describe1 he und]took ! s]ies ( ,engl& & ,wales1 & 9 t s]ies introduc$ ! subject ( ,llan?ony ,abbey4 ,& behold1 he w5t back to 8 boy's sket* & boy's ?\ght4 ,he kept ! v bu%es 9 _! places1 b br\ght ! fi%]man to ! o!r side ( ! riv]1 & put him1 9 some:at less c\rtly dress1 "u _! %elt]1 in/ead ( himself4 ,& !n he set all 8 ga9$ /r5g? & new k at "w on ! well-rememb]$ %[] ( ra91 t _h fall5 ?irty ye>s be=e1 to d x bett]4 ,! resultant draw+#ci is "o ( ! v noble/ ( 8 second p]iod4 #baf4 ,ano!r ( ! draw+s ( ! ,engl& s]ies1 ,ulleswat]1 is ! repetition ( "o 9 ,mr4 ,fawkes's collection1 :i*1 by ! me?od ( its execution1 ,i %\ld conjecture to h be5 execut$ ab\t ! ye> #ahjh or #ahaj3 at all ev5ts1 x is a v quiet draw+ ( ! fir/ p]iod4 ,! lake is q calm2 ! we/]n hills 9 gray %ad[1 ! ea/]n mass$ 9 light4 ,helvellyn ris+ l a mi/ betwe5 !m1 all be+ mirror$ 9 ! calm wat]4 ,"s ?9 & slightly evanesc5t c[s are /&+ 9 ! %all[ wat] 9 front2 a boat floats motionless ab\t a hundr$ y>ds f ! %ore2 ! =egr\nd is ( brok5 rocks1 ) "s lovely pieces ( copse on ! "r & left4 ,?is 0 evid5tly ,turn]'s record ( a quiet ev5+ by ! %ore ( ,ulleswat]1 b x 0 a feeble "o4 ,he c\ld n at t "t r5d] ! sunset colors3 he w5t back to x1 !re=e1 9 ! ,engl& s]ies1 & pa9t$ x aga9 ) 8 new p[]4 ,! same hills are !re1 ! same %ad[s1 ! same c[s1--!y _h /ood 9 8 m9d1 on ! same spot1 = tw5ty ye>s1--! same boat1 ! same rocks1 only ! copse is cut away--x int]f]$ ) ! masses ( 8 color4 ,"s figures are introduc$ ba?+2 & :at 0 gray1 & feeble gold 9 ! fir/ draw+1 becomes purple & burn+ rose-color 9 ! la/4 #bag4 ,b p]haps "o ( ! mo/ curi\s examples is 9 ! s]ies ( subjects f ,w9*elsea4 ,t 9 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum1 ,w9*elsea1 ,sussex1 be>s date #ahab1 & its figures consi/ ( a soldi] speak+ to a woman1 :o is re/+ on ! bank beside ! road4 ,!re is ano!r small subject1 ) ,w9*elsea 9 ! di/ance1 ( :i* ! engrav+ be>s date #ahag4 ,x has two wom5 ) bundles1 & two soldi]s toil+ along ! embankm5t 9 ! pla91 & a baggage wagon 9 ! di/ance4 ,nei!r ( ^! seems to h satisfi$ him1 & at la/ he did ano!r = ! ,engl& s]ies1 ( :i* ! engrav+ be>s date #ahcj4 ,!re is n[ a regim5t on ! m>*2 ! baggage wagon is !re1 hav+ got no f>!r on 9 ! ?irte5 ye>s1 b "o ( ! wom5 is tir$1 & has fa9t$ on ! bank2 ano!r is support+ h] aga9/ h] bundle1 & giv+ h] dr9k2 a ?ird sympa!tic woman is add$1 & ! two soldi]s h /opp$1 & "o is dr9k+ f 8 cante54#dj #bah4 ,nor is x m]ely ( entire sc5es1 or ( p>ticul> incid5ts t ,turn]'s memory is ?us t5aci\s4 ,! slighte/ passages ( color or arrangem5t t h pleas$ him--! =k ( a b\gh1 ! ca/+ ( a %ad[1 ! fracture ( a /one--w be tak5 up aga9 & aga91 & /rangely work$ into new relations ) o!r ?\ghts4 ,!re is a s+le sket* f nature 9 "o ( ! portfolios at ,f>nley1 ( a common wood-walk on ! e/ate1 :i* has furni%$ passages to no few] ?an ?ree ( ! mo/ elaborate compositions 9 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum4 #bai4 ,i am ?us t$i\s 9 dwell+ on ,turn]'s p[]s ( memory1 because ,i wi% x to be ?or\ghly se5 h[ all 8 greatness1 all 8 inf9ite luxuriance ( inv5tion1 dep5ds on 8 tak+ possession ( ev]y?+ t he sees1--on 8 grasp+ all1 & los+ hold ( no?+1--on 8 =gett+ himself1 & =gett+ no?+ else4 ,i wi% x to be und]/ood h[ e great man pa9ts :at he sees or did see1 8 greatness be+ inde$ little else ?an 8 int5se s5se ( fact4 ,& ?us ,pre-,raphaelitism & ,raphaelitism1 & ,turn]ism1 are all "o & ! same1 s f> z education c influ5ce !m4 ,!y are diff]5t 9 _! *oice1 diff]5t 9 _! faculties1 b all ! same 9 ?is1 t ,raphael himself1 s f> z he 0 great1 & all :o prec$$ or foll[$ him :o ev] 7 great1 became s by pa9t+ ! tru?s ar\nd !m z !y appe>$ to ea* man's own m9d1 n z he _h be5 taught to see !m1 except by ! ,god :o made bo? him & !m4 #bbj4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "o m *>act]i/ic ( ,turn]'s second p]iod1 on :i* ,i h /ill to dwell1 especially ) ref]5ce to :at has be5 above advanc$ respect+ ! fallacy ( ov]toil2 namely1 ! magnific5t ease ) :i* all is done :5 x is successfully done4 ,= !re are "o or two draw+s ( ?is "t :i* are n done easily4 ,turn] _h 9 ^! set himself to d a f9e ?+ to exhibit 8 p[]s2 9 ! common phrase1 to excel himself2 s sure z he does ?is1 ! "w is a failure4 ,! wor/ draw+s t h ev] come f 8 h&s are "s ( ?is second p]iod1 on :i* he has sp5t mu* "t & labori\s ?\ght2 draw+s fill$ ) incid5t f "o side to ! o!r1 ) skies /ippl$ into morbid blue1 & w>m lights set aga9/ !m 9 viol5t contra/2 "o ( ,bambor\gh ,ca/le1 a l>ge wat]-color1 may be nam$ z an example4 ,b ! truly noble works are ^? 9 :i*1 )\t ef=t1 he has express$ 8 ?\ghts z !y came1 & =gott5 himself2 & 9 ^! ! outp\r+ ( inv5tion is n less miracul\s ?an ! swiftness & ob$i5ce ( ! mighty h& t expresses x4 ,anyone :o exam9es ! draw+s may see ! evid5ce ( ?is facility1 9 ! /range fre%ness & %>pness ( e t\* ( color2 b :5 ! multitude ( delicate t\*es1 ) :i* all ! a]ial tones are work$1 is tak5 into consid]ation1 x w\ld /ill appe> impossible t ! draw+ c\ld h be5 complet$ ) ease1 unless we _h direct evid5ce on ! matt]3 =tunately1 x is n want+4 ,!re is a draw+ 9 ,mr4 ,fawkes's collection ( a man-(-w> tak+ 9 /ores3 x is ( ! usual size ( ^? ( ! ,engl& s]ies1 ab\t sixte5 in*es by elev53 x does n appe> "o ( ! mo/ highly f9i%$1 b x is /ill f>!r remov$ f slightness4 ,! hull ( a fir/-rate occupies ne>ly "o-half ( ! picture on ! "r1 h] b[s t[>ds ! spectator1 se5 9 %>p p]spective f /em to /]n1 ) all h] port-holes1 guns1 an*ors1 & l[] rigg+ elaborately detail$2 !re are two o!r %ips ( ! l9e 9 ! middle di/ance1 drawn ) equal precision2 a noble breezy sea danc+ aga9/ _! broad b[s1 full ( delicate draw+ 9 its waves2 a /ore-%ip b5ea? ! hull ( ! l>g] vessel1 & sev]al o!r boats1 & a complicat$ cl\dy sky4 ,x might appe> no small ex]tion ( m9d to draw ! detail ( all ?is %ipp+ d[n to ! smalle/ ropes1 f memory1 9 ! draw+-room ( a mansion 9 ! middle ( ,york%ire1 ev5 if consid]able "t _h be5 giv5 = ! ef=t4 ,b ,mr4 ,fawkes sat beside ! pa9t] f ! fir/ /roke to ! la/4 ,turn] took a piece ( blank pap] "o morn+ aft] breakfa/1 outl9$ 8 %ips1 f9i%$ ! draw+ 9 ?ree h\rs1 & w5t out to %oot4 #bba4 ,let ?is s+le fact be quietly m$itat$ ^u by our ord9>y pa9t]s1 & !y w see ! tru? ( :at 0 above ass]t$1--t if a great ?+ c be done at all1 x c be done easily2 & let !m n torm5t !mselves ) twi/+ ( compositions ?is way & t1 & repeat+1 & exp]im5t+1 & sc5e-%ift+4 ,if a man c compose at all1 he c compose at once1 or r he mu/ compose 9 spite ( himself4 ,& ?is is ! reason ( t sil5ce :i* ,i h kept 9 mo/ ( my works1 on ! subject ( ,composition4 ,_m critics1 especially ! ar*itects1 h f\nd fault ) me = n tea*+ p h[ to arrange masses2 = n attribut+ suffici5t importance to composition4 ,alas6 ,i attribute f> m importance to x ?an !y d2--s mu* importance1 t ,i %\ld j z soon ?9k ( sitt+ d[n to tea* a man h[ to write a ,div9a ,comm$ia1 or ,k+ ,le>1 z h[ to compose1 9 ! true s5se1 a s+le build+ or picture4 ,! m>vel\s /upidity ( ?is age ( lectur]s is1 t !y d n see t :at !y call1 pr9ciples ( composition1 are m]e pr9ciples ( common s5se 9 ev]y?+1 z well z 9 pictures & build+s2--,a picture is to h a pr9cipal light8 ,yes2 & s a d9n] is to h a pr9cipal di%1 & an oration a pr9cipal po9t1 & an air ( music a pr9cipal note1 & e man a pr9cipal object4 ,a picture is to h h>mony ( relation among its p>ts8 ,yes2 & s is a spee* well utt]$1 & an action well ord]$1 & a company well *os51 & a rag\t well mix$4 ,composition6 ,z if a man 7 n compos+ e mom5t ( 8 life1 well or ill1 & w\ld n d x in/9ctively 9 8 picture z well z else:]e1 if he c\ld4 ,composition ( ?is l[] or common k9d is ( exactly ! same importance 9 a picture t x is 9 any?+ else1--no m4 ,x is well t a man %\ld say :at he has to say 9 good ord] & sequ5ce1 b ! ma9 ?+ is to say x truly4 ,& yet we g on prea*+ to our pupils z if to h a pr9cipal light 0 ev]y?+1 & s cov] our academy walls ) ,%acabac fea/s1 :]e9 ! c\rses are inde$ well ord]$1 b ! di%es empty4 #bbb4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 only 9 inv5tion t m5 ov]work !mselves1 b 9 execution also2 & "h ,i h a ^w to say to ! ,pre-,raphaelites specially4 ,!y are work+ too h>d4 ,!re is evid5ce 9 fail+ portions ( _! pictures1 %[+ t !y h wr\ght s long ^u !m t _! v sight has fail$ = we>9ess1 & t ! h& refus$ any m to obey ! he>t4 ,&1 besides ?is1 !re are c]ta9 qualities ( draw+ :i* !y miss f ov]-c>efulness4 ,=1 let !m be assur$1 !re is a great tru? lurk+ 9 t common desire ( m5 to see ?+s done 9 :at !y call a ma/]ly1 or bold1 or broad1 mann]3 a tru? oppress$ & abus$1 l almo/ e o!r 9 ?is _w1 b an et]nal "o nev]!less2 & :atev] mis*ief may h foll[$ f m5's look+ = no?+ else b ?is facility ( execution1 & suppos+ t a picture 0 assur$ly all "r if only x 7 done ) broad da%es ( ! bru%1 /ill ! tru? rema9s ! same3--t because x is n int5d$ t m5 %all torm5t or we>y !mselves ) any e>?ly labor1 x is appo9t$ t ! noble/ results %\ld only be atta9able by a c]ta9 ease & decision ( manipulation4 ,i only wi% p und]/ood ?is mu* ( sculpture1 z well z ( pa9t+1 & c\ld see t ! f9ely f9i%$ /atue is1 9 n9ety-n9e cases out ( a hundr$1 a f> m vulg> "w ?an t :i* %[s r\gh signs ( ! "r h& laid to ! workman's hamm]3 b at all ev5ts1 9 pa9t+ x is felt by all m51 & ju/ly felt4 ,! fre$om ( ! l9es ( nature c only be repres5t$ by a simil> fre$om 9 ! h& t foll[s !m2 !re are curves 9 ! fl[ ( ! hair1 & 9 ! =m ( ! features1 & 9 ! muscul> outl9e ( ! body1 :i* c 9 no wise be caught b by a sympa!tic fre$om 9 ! /roke ( ! p5cil4 ,i d n c>e :at example is tak52 be x ! mo/ subtle & c>eful "w ( ,leon>do himself1 !re w be f\nd a play & p[] & ease 9 ! outl9es1 :i* no sl[ ef=t c\ld ev] imitate4 ,& if ! ,pre-,raphaelites d n und]/& h[ ?is k9d ( p[]1 9 its highe/ p]fection1 may be unit$ ) ! mo/ sev]e r5d]+ ( all o!r ord]s ( tru?1 & especially ( ^? ) :i* !y !mselves h mo/ sympa?y1 let !m look at ! draw+s ( ,john ,lewis4 #bbc4 ,^! !n are ! pr9cipal lessons :i* we h to le>n f ,turn]1 9 8 second or c5tral p]iod ( labor4 ,!re is "o m1 h[ev]1 to be receiv$2 & t is a w>n+2 = t[>ds ! close ( x1 :at ) do+ small conv5tional vignettes = publi%]s1 mak+ %[y draw+s f sket*es tak5 by o!r p ( places he _h nev] se51 & t\*+ up ! bad engrav+s f 8 works submitt$ to him almo/ e day1--engrav+s utt]ly de/itute ( animation1 & :i* _h to be rais$ into a speci\s brilliancy by scrat*+ !m ov] ) :ite1 spotty lights1 he gradually got inur$ to _m conv5tionalities1 & ev5 falsities2 &1 hav+ tru/$ = t5 or twelve ye>s almo/ entirely to 8 memory & inv5tion1 liv+1 ,i believe1 mo/ly 9 ,london1 & receiv+ a new s5sation only f ! burn+ ( ! ,h\ses ( ,p>liam5t1 he pa9t$ _m pictures betwe5 #ahcj & #ahdj altoge!r unwor?y ( him4 ,b he 0 n ?us to close 8 c>e]4 #bbd4 ,9 ! summ] ei!r ( #ahdj or #ahda1 he und]took ano!r j\rney into ,switz]l&4 ,x 0 !n at lea/ =ty ye>s s9ce he _h fir/ se5 ! ,alps2 7! s\rce ( ! ,arv]on1 9 ,mr4 ,fawkes's collection1 :i* c\ld n h be5 pa9t$ till he _h se5 ! ?+ itself1 be>s date #ahjj17 & ! direction ( 8 j\rney 9 #ahdj m>ks 8 fond memory ( t e>lie/ "o2 =1 if we look ov] ! ,swiss /udies & draw+s execut$ 9 8 fir/ p]iod1 we %all be /ruck by 8 fondness = ! pass ( ! ,/4 ,go?>d2 ! mo/ elaborate draw+ 9 ! ,f>nley collection is "o ( ! ,lake ( ,luc]ne f ,fluel52 &1 c\nt+ ! ,lib] ,/udiorum subjects1 !re are1 to my k1 six compositions tak5 at ! same p]iod f ! pass ( ,/4 ,go?>d1 &1 probably1 sev]al o!rs are 9 exi/5ce4 ,! valleys ( ,sall5*e & ,*am\ni1 & ,lake ( ,g5eva1 are ! only o!r ,swiss sc5es :i* seem to h made v pr(\nd impressions on him4 ,he return$ 9 #ahda to ,luc]ne2 walk$ up ,mont ,pilate on foot1 cross$ ! ,/4 ,go?>d1 & return$ by ,lausanne & ,g5eva4 ,he made a l>ge numb] ( color$ sket*es on ?is j\rney1 & realiz$ sev]al ( !m on 8 return4 ,! draw+s ?us produc$ are diff]5t f all t _h prec$$ !m1 & are ! fir/ :i* belong def9itely to :at ,i %all h5ce=w>d call 8 ,?ird p]iod4 ,! p]fect repose ( 8 y\? _h return$ to 8 m9d1 :ile ! faculties ( imag9ation & execution appe>$ 9 r5ew$ /r5g?2 all conv5tionality be+ done away by ! =ce ( ! impression :i* he _h receiv$ f ! ,alps1 aft] 8 long sep>ation f !m4 ,! draw+s are m>k$ by a peculi> l>g5ess & simplicity ( ?\ght3 mo/ ( !m by deep s]5ity1 pass+ into melan*oly2 all by a ri*ness ( color1 su* z he _h nev] be=e conceiv$4 ,!y1 & ! works done 9 foll[+ ye>s1 be> ! same relation to ^? ( ! re/ ( 8 life t ! colors ( sunset d to ^? ( ! day2 & w be recogniz$1 9 a few ye>s m1 z ! noble/ l&scapes ev] yet conceiv$ by human intellect4 #bbe4 ,su* has be5 ! c>e] ( ! greate/ pa9t] ( ?is c5tury4 ,_m a c5tury may pass away be=e !re rises su* ano!r2 b :at greatness any among u may be capable (1 w1 at lea/1 be be/ atta9$ by foll[+ 9 8 pa?2--by beg9n+ 9 all quietness & hopefulness to use :atev] p[]s we may possess to repres5t ! ?+s ar\nd u z we see & feel !m2 tru/+ to ! close ( life to give ! p]fect cr[n to ! c\rse ( its labors1 & kn[+ assur$ly t ! det]m9ation ( ! degree 9 :i* wat*fulness is to be exalt$ into inv5tion1 re/s ) a high] w ?an our own4 ,&1 if n greatness1 at lea/ a c]ta9 good1 is ?us to be a*iev$2 = ?\gh ,i h above spok5 ( ! mission ( ! m humble arti/1 z if x 7 m]ely to be subs]vi5t to t ( ! antiqu>ian or ! man ( sci5ce1 !re is an ult]ior aspect1 9 :i* x is n subs]vi5t1 b sup]ior4 ,e ar*aeologi/1 e natural philosoph]1 kn[s t !re is a peculi> rigidity ( m9d br\ght on by long devotion to logical & analytical inquiries4 ,weak m51 giv+ !mselves to su* /udies1 are utt]ly h>d5$ by !m1 & become incapable ( und]/&+ any?+ nobl]1 or ev5 ( feel+ ! value ( ! results to :i* !y lead4 ,b ev5 ! be/ m5 are 9 a sort injur$ by !m1 & pay a def9ite price1 z 9 mo/ o!r matt]s1 = def9ite advantages4 ,!y ga9 a peculi> /r5g?1 b lose 9 t5d]ness1 ela/icity1 & impressibility4 ,! man :o has gone1 hamm] 9 h&1 ov] ! surface ( a romantic c\ntry1 feels no long]1 9 ! m\nta9 ranges he has s labori\sly explor$1 ! sublimity or my/]y ) :i* !y 7 veil$ :5 he fir/ beheld !m1 & ) :i* !y are adorn$ 9 ! m9d ( ! pass+ travel]4 ,9 8 m in=m$ conception1 !y arrange !mselves l a dissect$ model3 :]e ano!r man w\ld be awe-/ruck by ! magnific5ce ( ! precipice1 he sees no?+ b ! em]g5ce ( a fossilif]\s rock1 famili>iz$ already to 8 imag9ation z ext5d+ 9 a %all[ /ratum1 ov] a p]haps un9t]e/+ di/rict2 :]e ! unle>n$ spectator w\ld be t\*$ ) /rong emotion by ! aspect ( ! sn[y summits :i* rise 9 ! di/ance1 he sees only ! culm9at+ po9ts ( a metamorphic =mation1 ) an uncom=table web ( fanlike fissures radiat+1 9 8 imag9ation1 ?\gh _! c5t]s4#da ,t 9 ! grasp he has obta9$ ( ! inn] relations ( all ^! ?+s to ! univ]se1 & to man1 t 9 ! views :i* h be5 op5$ to him ( natural en]gies su* z no human m9d w\ld h v5tur$ to conceive1 & ( pa/ /ates ( be+1 ea* 9 "s new way be>+ witness to ! unity ( purpose & ev]la/+ly consi/5t provid5ce ( ! ,mak] ( all ?+s1 he has receiv$ rew>d well wor?y ! sacrifice1 ,i w\ld n = an in/ant d5y2 b ! s5se ( ! loss is n less pa9ful to him if 8 m9d be rightly con/itut$2 & x w\ld be ) inf9ite gratitude t he w\ld reg>d ! man1 :o1 reta9+ 9 8 del9eation ( natural sc5]y a fidelity to ! facts ( sci5ce s rigid z to make 8 "w at once acceptable & cr$ible to ! mo/ /]nly critical intellect1 %\ld yet inve/ its features aga9 ) ! sweet veil ( _! daily aspect2 %\ld make !m dazzl+ ) ! spl5dor ( w&]+ light1 & involve !m 9 ! unse>*abl5ess ( /ormy obscurity2 %\ld re/ore to ! divid$ anatomy its visible vitality ( op]ation1 clo! ! nak$ crags ) s(t =e/s1 enri* ! m\nta9 ru9s ) bright pa/ures1 & lead ! ?\ghts f ! monoton\s recurr5ce ( ! ph5om5a ( ! physical _w1 to ! sweet int]e/s & sorr[s ( human life & dea?4 ,,footnotes3 #bh ,?is essay 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 #ahea z a sep>ate pamphlet entitl$ ,pre-,raphaelitism1 by ! au?or ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s4 7#hvo1 pp4 #fh4 ,london3 ,smi?1 ,eld]1 ,co47 ,x 0 aft]w>ds repr9t$ 9 #ahfb1 )\t alt]ation1 except t ! lat] issue bore ! au?or's "n1 & omitt$ a d$ication :i* 9 ! fir/ edition ran z foll[s3--,to ,francis ,hawkeswor? ,fawkes1 ,esq41 ( ,f>nley1 ,^! pages1 ,:i* owe _! pres5t =m to advantages grant$ ,by 8 k9dness1 ,are affectionately inscrib$1 ,by 8 oblig$ fri5d1 ,john ,rusk94--,,ed4 #bi ,comp>e ,sesame & ,lilies1 ,sec4 #b4--;,,ed4 #cj ,see ,arr[s ( ! ,*ace1 vol4 i41 :i* gives sev]al lett]s !re collect$ "u ! head ( ,pre-,raphaelitism4--,,ed4 #ca ,x 0 n a little curi\s1 t 9 ! v numb] ( ! ,art ,union :i* repeat$ ?is direct falsehood ab\t ! ,pre-,raphaelite rejection ( l9e> p]spective 7by-!-bye1 ! next "t ,j4 ,b4 takes ^u him to speak ( anyone connect$ ) ! ,univ]sities1 he may z well fir/ asc]ta9 ! diff]5ce betwe5 a ,graduate & an ,"u-,graduate71 ! second plate giv5 %\ld h be5 ( a picture ( ,bon+ton's--a pr(essional l&scape pa9t]1 obs]ve--= ! want ( a]ial p]spective 9 :i* ! ,art ,union itself 0 oblig$ to apologize1 & 9 :i*1 ! arti/ has committ$ ne>ly z _m blund]s 9 l9e> p]spective z !re are l9es 9 ! picture4 #cb ,^! false /atem5ts may be r$uc$ to ?ree pr9cipal heads1 & directly contradict$ 9 succession4 ,! fir/1 ! curr5t fallacy ( society z well z ( ! press1 01 t ! ,pre-,raphaelites imitat$ ! errors ( e>ly pa9t]s4 ,a falsehood ( ?is k9d c\ld n h obta9$ cr$5ce any:]e b 9 ,engl&1 few ,engli% p1 comp>atively1 hav+ ev] se5 a picture ( e>ly ,italian ,ma/]s4 ,if !y _h !y w\ld h kn[n t ! ,pre-,raphaelite pictures are j z sup]ior to ! e>ly ,italian 9 skill ( manipulation1 p[] ( draw+1 & k ( effect1 z inf]ior to !m 9 grace ( design2 & t 9 a ^w1 !re is n a %ad[ ( resemblance betwe5 ! two /yles4 ,! ,pre-,raphaelites imitate no pictures3 !y pa9t f nature only4 ,b !y h oppos$ !mselves z a body1 to t k9d ( tea*+ above describ$1 :i* only began aft] ,raphael's "t3 & !y h oppos$ !mselves z /]nly to ! entire feel+ ( ! ,r5aissance s*ools2 a feel+ comp\nd$ ( indol5ce1 infidelity1 s5suality1 & %all[ pride4 ,!re=e !y h call$ !mselves ,pre-,raphaelite4 ,if !y adh]e to _! pr9ciples1 & pa9t nature z x is ar\nd !m1 ) ! help ( mod]n sci5ce1 ) ! e>ne/ness ( ! m5 ( ! ?irte5? & f\rte5? c5turies1 !y w1 z ,i said1 f\nd a new & noble s*ool 9 ,engl&4 ,if _! sympa?ies ) ! e>ly arti/s lead !m into m$iaevalism or ,romanism1 !y w ( c\rse come to no?+4 ,b ,i believe !re is no dang] ( ?is1 at lea/ = ! /ronge/ among !m4 ,!re may be "s weak ones1 :om ! ,tract>ian h]esies may t\*2 b if s1 !y w drop (f l decay$ bran*es f a /rong /em4 ,i hope all ?+s f ! s*ool4 ,! second falsehood 01 t ! ,pre-,raphaelites did n draw well4 ,?is 0 ass]t$1 & c\ld h be5 ass]t$ only by p]sons :o _h nev] look$ at ! pictures4 ,! ?ird falsehood 01 t !y _h no sy/em ( light & %ade4 ,to :i* x may be simply repli$ t _! sy/em ( light & %ade is exactly ! same z ! ,sun's2 :i* is1 ,i believe1 likely to outla/ t ( ! ,r5aissance1 h[ev] brilliant4 #cc ,see ante1 pp4 #adh-aeg4--;,,ed4 #cd ,he did n use 8 full signature1 ,j4 ,m4 ,w41 until ab\t ! ye> #ahjj4 #ce ,i %all give a catalogue raisonnee ( all ?is 9 ! ?ird volume ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s4 #cf ,see po/1 ,sec4 #bag4 #cg ,! plate 01 h[ev]1 nev] publi%$4 #ch ,& ! m probably because ,turn] 0 nev] fond ( /ay+ long at any place1 & 0 lea/ ( all likely to make a pause ( two or ?ree days at ! beg9n+ ( 8 j\rney4 #ci ,vide ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 ,"p ,,ii4 ,sect4 ,,iii4 ,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,sec4 #ac4 #dj ,see ante1 ,sec4 #bjj4 #da ,?is /ate ( m9d appe>s to h be5 ! only "o :i* ,wordswor? _h be5 able to disc]n 9 m5 ( sci5ce2 & 9 disda9 ( :i*1 he wrote t %ort-sight$ passage 9 ! ,excursion1 ,book ,,iii1 ,p4 #afe-aij1 :i* is1 ,i ?9k1 ! only "o 9 ! :ole range ( 8 works :i* 8 true fri5ds w\ld h desir$ to see blott$ out4 ,:at else has be5 f\nd fault ) z feeble or sup]flu\s1 is n s 9 ! int5se di/9ctive relief :i* x gives to 8 "*4 ,b ^! l9es are writt5 9 m]e ignorance ( ! matt] !y treat2 9 m]e want ( sympa?y ) ! m5 !y describe3 =1 obs]ve1 ?\gh ! passage is put into ! m\? ( ! ,solit>y1 x is fully confirm$1 & ev5 r5d]$ m scornful1 by ! spee* :i* foll[s4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,colors ,,( ,,pre-,,raphaelitism4#db ,i4 #bbf4 ,i 0 lately /ay+ 9 a c\ntry h\se1 9 :i*1 opposite ea* o!r at ! sides ( ! draw+-room w9d[1 7 two pictures1 belong+ to :at 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury mu/ be call$ old times1 namely ,rossetti's ,annunciation1 & ,millais' ,bl9d ,girl2 :ile1 at ! corn] ( ! *imney-piece 9 ! same room1 !re 0 a little draw+ ( a ,m>riage-dance1 by ,edw>d ,burne ,jones4 ,& 9 my b$room1 at "o side ( my b$1 !re 0 a photograph ( ! tomb ( ,il>ia di ,c>etto at ,lucca1 & on ! o!r1 an engrav+1 9 long s9ce sup]annuat$ mann]1 f ,raphael's ,transfiguration4 ,also ov] ! look+-glass 9 my b$room1 !re 0 ?is l>ge illum9at$ text1 fairly well writt51 b ) m v]milion 9 x ?an 0 ne$ful2 ,"l1 tea* u to pray4 ,& = _m reasons ,i w\ld fa9 endeavor to tell my ,ox=d pupils "s facts :i* seem to me wor? memory ab\t ^! six works ( art2 :i*1 if !y w reflect ^u1 be+1 9 ! pres5t /ate ( my heal?1 ! be/ ,i c d = !m 9 ! way ( autumn lectur+1 x w be k9d to me4 ,& z ,i _c speak :at ,i w\ld say1 & believe my pupils are m likely to read x if pr9t$ 9 ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury ?an 9 a sep>ate pamphlet1 ,i h ask$1 & obta9$ ( ! editor1 space 9 columns :i* ought1 nev]!less1 ,i ?9k1 usually to be occupi$ ) /]n] subjects1 z ! ,fates are n[ driv+ ! n9ete5? c5tury on its mission>y pa?4 #bbg4 ,! fir/ picture ,i nam$1 ,rossetti's ,annunciation1 01 ,i believe1 among ! e>lie/ t drew "s public att5tion to ! s-call$ ,pre-,raphaelite s*ool4 ,! "o opposite to x1--,millais' ,bl9d ,girl1 is among ^? *iefly *>act]i/ic ( t s*ool 9 its det]m9$ mann]4 ,& ! ?ird1 ?\gh small & unimportant1 is no less *>act]i/ic1 9 its ess5tial qualities1 ( ! m9d ( ! greate/ ma/] :om t s*ool has yet produc$4 ,i believe mo/ read]s w />t at ! application ( ! t]m ma/]1 to any ,engli% pa9t]4 ,= ! hope ( ! n9ete5? c5tury is m & m di/9ctly e day1 to tea* all m5 h[ to live )\t ma/]%ip ei!r 9 art or morals 7prim>ily1 ( c\rse1 sub/itut+ = ! words ( ,*ri/1 ,ye say well1 = s ,i am1--! probable em5dation1 ,ye say ill1 = s ,i am n72 & to limit ! idea ( magi/racy altoge!r1 no less ?an ! functions ( ! magi/rate1 to ! suppression ( di/urbance 9 ! manufactur+ di/ricts4 ,nor w\ld ,i myself use ! ^w ,ma/] 9 any b ! mo/ qualifi$ s5se1 ( any mod]n pa9t]2 sc>cely ev5 ( ,turn]1 & n at all1 except = conv5i5ce & z a matt] ( c\rtesy1 ( any workman ( ! ,pre-,raphaelite s*ool1 z yet4 ,9 su* c\rtesy1 only1 let ! ma/]less read] p]mit x me4 #bbh4 ,i mu/ endeavor fir/ to give1 z well z ,i c by description1 "s g5]al notion ( ! subjects & treatm5t ( ! ?ree pictures4 ,rossetti's ,annunciation diff]s f e previ\s conception ( ! sc5e kn[n to me1 9 repres5t+ ! angel z wak+ ! ,virg9 f sleep to give h] 8 message4 ,! ,mess5g] himself also diff]s f angels z !y are commonly repres5t$1 9 n dep5d+1 = recognition ( 8 sup]natural "*1 on ! ins]tion ( bird's w+s at 8 %\ld]s4 ,if we are to "k him = an angel at all1 x mu/ be by 8 face1 :i* is t simply ( y\?ful1 b grave1 manhood4 ,he is nei!r transp>5t 9 body1 lum9\s 9 pres5ce1 nor aurif]\s 9 app>el2--we>s a pla91 long1 :ite robe1--ca/s a natural & undim9i%$ %ad[1--&1 al?\gh !re are flames b5ea? 8 feet1 :i* upbe> him1 s t he does n t\* ! e>?1 ^! are unse5 by ! ,virg94 ,%e h]self is an ,engli%1 n a ,jewi% girl1 ( ab\t sixte5 or sev5te51 ( su* pale & ?\ghtful beauty z ,rossetti c\ld be/ imag9e = h]2 conc]n+ :i* ef=t1 & its degree ( success1 we w inquire f>!r pres5tly4 ,%e has ris5 half up1 n />t$ up1 9 be+ awak5$2 & is n look+ at ! angel1 b only ?9k+1 x seems1 ) eyes ca/ d[n1 z if suppos+ h]self 9 a /range dream4 ,! morn+ light fills ! room1 & %[s at ! foot ( h] little pallet-b$1 h] embroid]y "w1 left (f ! ev5+ be=e1--an upright lily4 ,upright1 & v accurately upright1 z also ! edges ( ! piece ( clo? 9 its frame1--z also ! glid+ =m ( ! angel1--z also1 9 sev]e =e%ort5+1 t ( ! ,virg9 h]self4 ,x has be5 /udi$1 s f> z x has be5 /udi$ at all1 f a v ?9 model2 & ! di/urb$ cov]lid is ?r[n into confus$ angul> folds1 :i* admit no sugge/ion :atev] ( ord9>y girli% grace4 ,s t1 to any spectator little incl9$ t[>ds ! praise ( b>r5 uprightnesse1 & accu/om$ on ! contr>y to expect radiance 9 ar*angels1 & grace 9 ,madonnas1 ! fir/ effect ( ! design mu/ be extremely displeas+1 & ! fir/ is p]haps1 ) mo/ art-amateurs ( mod]n days1 likely to be ! la/4 #bbi4 ,! backgr\nd ( ! second picture 7,millais' ,bl9d ,girl71 is an op5 ,engli% common1 skirt$ by ! tidy h\ses ( a well-to-d village 9 ! cockney rural di/ricts4 ,i h no d\bt ! sc5e is a real "o )9 "s tw5ty miles f ,london1 & pa9t$ mo/ly on ! spot4 ,! h\ses are entirely un9t]e/+1 b dec5t1 trim1 z human dwell+s %\ld be1 & on ! :ole in(f5sive--n cottages1 m9d y1 9 any s5se1 b respectable brick-wall$ & slat$ con/ructions1 old-fa%ion$ 9 ! s5se ( old at1 suppose1 ,bromley or ,sev5oaks1 & ) a pretty little *ur* belong+ to !m1 its w9d[ trac]ies fre%ly :itewa%$ by ord] ( ! c>eful w>d54 ,! common is a fairly spaci\s bit ( ragg$ pa/ure1 ) a c\ple ( donkeys fe$+ on x1 & a c[ or two1 & at ! side ( ! public road pass+ ov] x1 ! bl9d girl has sat d[n to re/ a:ile4 ,%e is a simple begg>1 n a poetical or vici\s "o2--be+ p]ipatetic ) musical in/rum5t1 %e w1 ,i suppose1 come "u ! g5]al t]m ( tramp2 a girl ( eighte5 or tw5ty1 extremely pla9-featur$1 b heal?y1 & j n[ re/+1 z any "o ( u w\ld re/1 n because %e is mu* tir$1 b because ! sun has b ?is mom5t come out aft] a %[]1 & ! smell ( ! grass is pleasant4 ,! %[] has be5 heavy1 & is s /ill 9 ! di/ance1 :]e an int5sely bright d\ble ra9b[ is reliev$ aga9/ ! dep>t+ ?und]-cl\d4 ,! fre%ly wet grass is all radiant ?r\gh & ?r\gh ) ! new sun%9e2 full noon at its pure/1 ! v donkeys ba!d 9 ! ra9-dew1 & prismatic ) x "u _! r\gh brea/s z !y graze2 ! we$s at ! girl's side z bright z a ,byzant9e enamel1 & inlaid ) blue v]onica2 h] upturn$ face all agl[ ) ! light t seeks its way ?r\gh h] wet eyela%es 7wet only ) ! ra974 ,v quiet %e is1--s quiet t a radiant butt]fly has settl$ on h] %\ld]1 & basks !re 9 ! w>m sun4 ,aga9/ h] knee1 on :i* h] poor in/rum5t ( musical begg>y re/s 7h>monium71 leans ano!r *ild1 half h] age--h] guide2--indiff]5t1 ?is "o1 ei!r to sun or ra91 only a little tir$ ( wait+4 ,no m ?an a half pr(ile ( h] face is se52 & t is q expressionless1 & n ! lea/ pretty4 #bcj4 ,bo? ( ^! pictures are oil-pa9t+s4 ,! ?ird1 ,mr4 ,burne ,jones's ,bridal1 is a small wat]-color draw+1 sc>cely m ?an a sket*2 b full & deep 9 su* color z x admits4 ,any c>eful read]s ( my rec5t lectures at ,ox=d "k t ,i entirely ignore ! diff]5ce ( mat]ial betwe5 oil & wat] z dilu5ts ( color1 :5 ,i am exam9+ any grave art "q3 nor %all ,i h]eaft]1 ?r\gh\t ?is pap]1 take notice ( x4 ,nor d ,i ?9k x ne$ful to ask ! p>don ( any ( ! ?ree arti/s = conf9+ ! read]'s att5tion at pres5t to comp>atively m9or & elem5t>y examples ( _! works4 ,if ,i c succe$ 9 expla9+ ! pr9ciples involv$ 9 !m1 _! application by ! read] w be easily ext5d$ to ! enjoym5t ( bett] examples4 ,?is draw+ ( ,mr4 ,jones's1 h[ev]1 is f> less repres5tative ( 8 scale ( p[] ?an ei!r ( ! two pieces already describ$1 :i* h bo? co/ _! arti/s mu* c>e & "t2 :ile ?is little wat]-color has be5 p]haps done 9 ! c\rse ( a summ] aft]noon4 ,x is only ab\t sev5 in*es by n9e3 ! figures ( ! av]age size ( ,angelico's on any alt> pr$ella2 & ! heads1 ( ^? on an av]age ,cor9?ian or ,syracusan co94 ,! bride & bridegroom sit on a slightly rais$ ?rone at ! side ( ! picture1 ! bride ne>e/ u2 h] head se5 9 pr(ile1 a little b[$4 ,be=e !m1 ! ?ree bridesmaids & _! groomsm5 dance 9 circle1 hold+ ea* o!r's h&s1 b>e-foot$1 & dress$ 9 long d>k blue robes4 ,_! figures are sc>cely deta*$ f ! d>k backgr\nd1 :i* is a willful m+l+ ( %ad[ & light1 z ! arti/ *ose to put !m1 repres5t+1 z f> z ,i rememb]1 no?+ 9 p>ticul>4 ,! deep tone ( ! picture leaves sev]al ( ! faces 9 obscurity1 & none are drawn ) mu* c>e1 n ev5 ! bride's2 b ) en\gh to %[ t h] features are at lea/ z beautiful z ^? ( an ord9>y ,greek goddess1 :ile ! dep? ( ! di/ant backgr\nd ?r[s out h] pale head 9 an almo/ lun>1 yet unexagg]at$1 light2 & ! :ite & blue fl[]s ( h] n>r[ coronal1 ?\gh m]ely :ite & blue1 %9e1 "o kn[s n h[1 l gems4 ,h] bridegroom /oops =w>d a little to look at h]1 s t we see 8 front face1 & c see also t he loves h]4 #bca4 ,su* be+ ! respective ef=t & design ( ! ?ree pictures1 al?\gh ,i put by1 = ! mom5t1 any "q ( _! me*anical skill or mann]1 x mu/ yet1 ,i believe1 be felt by ! read] t1 z works ( "y m51 !y conta9$1 & ev5 nail$ to ! ,academy gates1 a k9d ( ,lu!ran *all5ge to ! !n accept$ tea*]s 9 all ,european s*ools ( ,art3 p]haps a little too %rill & petulant 9 ! tone ( x1 b yet curi\sly resolute & /eady 9 its triple ,frat]nity1 z ( ,william ( ,burgl5 ) 8 ,mel*?al & ,/auffa*]1 9 ! ,grutli mead[1 n :olly to be scorn$ by ev5 ! knightlie/ p[]s ( ! ,pa/4 ,we h inde$1 s9ce ^! pictures 7 fir/ exhibit$1 become accu/om$ to _m =ms bo? ( pleas+ & revolt+ innovation3 b consid]1 9 ^? e>ly times1 h[ ! pi\s p]sons :o _h always be5 accu/om$ to see _! ,madonnas dress$ 9 scrupul\sly fold$ & exquisitely fall+ robes ( blue1 ) edges embroid]$ 9 gold1--to f9d !m also1 sitt+ "u arcades ( exquisite/ ar*itecture by ,b]n9i1--& rev]5tly to obs]ve !m receive ! angel's message ) _! h&s fold$ on _! brea/s 9 ! mo/ graceful positions1 & ! missals !y _h be5 previ\sly /udy+ laid op5 on _! knees1 7see my own outl9e f ,angelico ( ! ,ancilla ,dom9i1 ! fir/ plate ( ! fif? volume ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s72--consid]1 ,i repeat1 ! %ock to ! feel+s ( all ^! delicately m9d$ p]sons1 on be+ ask$ to conceive a ,virg9 wak+ f h] sleep on a pallet b$1 9 a pla9 room1 />tl$ by sudd5 words & gho/ly pres5ce :i* %e does n compreh5d1 & ca/+ 9 h] m9d :at mann] ( ,salutation ?is %\ld be4 #bcb4 ,aga91 consid]1 ) respect to ! second picture1 h[ ! le>n$ possessors ( works ( e/abli%$ reputation by ! anci5t ma/]s1 classically catalogu$ z l&scapes ) figures2 & :o held x = et]nal1 arti/ic law t su* pictures %\ld ei!r consi/ ( a rock1 ) a ,spani% *e/nut gr[+ out ( ! side ( x1 & ?ree b&itti 9 helmets & big fea!rs on ! top1 or else ( a ,cor9?ian temple1 built beside an arm ( ! sea1 ) ! ,que5 ( ,%eba b5ea?1 prep>+ = emb>kation to visit ,solomon1--! :ole prop]ly ton$ d[n ) amb] v>ni%2--imag9e ! fir/ con/]nation1 & f9al wra?1 ( ^! cognosc5ti1 at be+ ask$ to contemplate1 delib]ately1 & to ! la/ r5t ( h] ragg$ g[n1 & = pr9cipal object 9 a f9i%$ picture1 a vagrant :o ought at once to h be5 s5t to ! workh\se2 & "s really gre5 grass & blue fl[]s1 z !y actually may any day be se5 on an ,engli% common-side4 ,& f9ally1 let u imag9e1 if imag9ation fail u n1 ! f> m wide & weighty indignation ( ! public1 accu/om$ always to see its pa9t+s ( m>riages elaborat$ 9 ,*ri/ian propriety & spl5dor2 ) a bi%op (ficiat+1 assi/$ by a dean & an ar*deacon2 ! mode/y ( ! bride express$ by a veil ( ! mo/ exp5sive ,val5ci5nes1 & ! robes ( ! bridesmaids design$ by ! p]fecte/ ( ,p>isian arti/s1 & loop$ up ) /uff$ rob9s or o!r su* t5d] r>ities2--?9k ) :at s5se ( hi!rto unhe>d-( impropriety1 ! ,briti% public mu/ h receiv$ a picture ( a m>riage1 9 :i* ! bride 0 only cr[n$ ) fl[]s1--at :i* ! bridesmaids danc$ b>efoot1--& 9 :i* no?+ 0 kn[n1 or ev5 conjecturable1 respect+ ! bridegroom1 b 8 love6 #bcc4 ,su* be+ ! manife/ly oppon5t & agoni/ic temp] ( ^! ?ree pictures 7& admitt+1 :i* ,i w crave ! read] to d = ! nonce1 _! real wor? & p[] to be consid]able71 x surely becomes a matt] ( no little int]e/ to see :at _s x is t !y h 9 common1 :i*1 recogniz$ z revolution>y 9 ! m9ds ( ! "y arti/s !mselves1 caus$ !m1 ) m or less ( firmness1 to con/itute !mselves into a society1 p>tly mona/ic1 p>tly pr$icatory1 call$ ,pre-,raphaelite3 & also recogniz$ z su*1 ) indignation1 by ! public1 caus$ ! y\?fully didactic society to be reg>d$ ) v>i\s degrees ( contempt1 pass+ into ang] 7z ( (f5d$ p]sonal dignity71 & embitt]$ f>!r1 among c]ta9 classes ( p]sons1 ev5 into a k9d ( in/9ctive abhorr5ce4 #bcd4 ,i believe ! read] w discov]1 on reflection1 t !re is really only "o q common & sympa!tic impulse %[n 9 ^! ?ree works1 o!rwise s di/9ct 9 aim & execution4 ,& ?is frat]nal l9k he w1 if c>eful 9 reflection1 discov] to be an ef=t to repres5t1 s f> z 9 ^! y\?s lay ei!r ! *oice or ! p[]1 ?+s z !y are1 or 71 or may be1 in/ead (1 accord+ to ! practice ( _! in/ructors & ! wi%es ( _! public1 ?+s z !y are n1 nev] 71 & nev] c be3 ?is ef=t be+ f\nd$ deeply on a conviction t x is at fir/ bett]1 & f9ally m pleas+1 = human m9ds to contemplate ?+s z !y are1 ?an z !y are n4 ,?us1 ,mr4 ,rossetti1 9 ?is & subsequ5t works ( ! k9d1 ?\ght x bett] = himself & 8 public to make "s ef=t t[>ds a real notion ( :at actually did happ5 9 ! c>p5t]'s cottage at ,naz>e?1 giv+ rise to ! subsequ5t traditions deliv]$ 9 ! ,gospels1 ?an m]ely to produce a v>iety 9 ! patt]n ( ,virg91 patt]n ( ,virg9's g[n1 & patt]n ( ,virg9's h\se1 :i* _h be5 set by ! jewel]s ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,simil>ly1 ,mr4 ,millais1 9 ?is & o!r works ( ! k9d1 ?\ght x desirable r to pa9t su* grass & foliage z he saw 9 ,k5t1 ,surrey1 & o!r solidly accessible ,engli% c\nties1 ?an to imitate ev5 ! mo/ ,elysian fields enamel$ by ,claude1 or ! gloomie/ bran*es ( ,hades =e/ r5t by ,salvator3 & yet m1 to manife/ 8 own /rong p]sonal feel+ t ! humanity1 no less ?an ! h]bage1 ne> u & ar\nd1 0 t :i* x 0 ! pa9t]'s duty fir/ to portray2 & t1 if ,wordswor? 7 inde$ "r 9 feel+ t ! meane/ fl[] t bl[s c give1--mu* m1 = any k9dly he>t x %\ld be true t ! meane/ tramp t walks c give--?\ghts t d (t5 lie too deep = te>s4 #bce4 ,& if at fir/--or ev5 always to c>eless sight--! ?ird ( ^! pictures seem opposite to ! two o!rs 9 ! v po9t ( *oice1 betwe5 :at is & :at is n2 insomu* t :ile !y ) all _! /r5g? av\* realities1 ?is ) simple/ confession dwells ^u a dream1--yet 9 ?is v sep>ation f !m x sums _! p[] & seals _! bro!rhood2 rea*+ beyond !m to ! m p]fect tru? ( ?+s1 n only t once 71--n only t n[ are1--b :i* are ! same ye/]day1 to-day1 & =ev]2--! love by ^: orda9+ ! _w itself1 & all t dwell !re91 live1 & move1 & h _! be+2 by :i* ! ,morn+ />s rejoice 9 _! c\rses--9 :i* ! virg9s ( dea?less ,israel rejoice 9 ! dance--& 9 ^: con/ancy ! ,giv] ( light to />s1 & love to m51 ,himself is glad 9 ! creatures ( ,8 h&1--day by new day proclaim+ to ,8 ,*ur* ( all ! ages1 ,z ! bridegroom rejoice? ov] ! bride1 s %all ?y ,"l rejoice ov] !e4 ,su*1 ! read] w f9d1 if he c>es to le>n x1 is inde$ ! purport & ef=t ( ^! ?ree designs--s f> z1 by y\?ful h&s & 9 a "t ( tr\ble & rebuke1 su* ef=t c\ld be br\ght to good end4 ,( _! visible weaknesses1 ) ! be/ ju/ice ,i may1--( _! v]itable m]its ) ! be/ insight ,i may1 & ( ! f>!r hi/ory ( ! s*ool :i* ^! ma/]s f\nd$1 ,i hope to be p]mitt$ to speak m "u ! bran*es t d n rememb] _! gre5 felicity2 add+ a coroll>y or two respect+ ! o!r pieces ( art above nam$#dc z hav+ tak5 "p 9 ! t5or ( my c\ntry h\rs ( idl5ess4 ,,footnotes3 #db ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 ,,nov4-,,dec4 #ahgh4--;,,ed4 #dc ,may ,i 9 ! meantime recomm5d any read] int]e/$ 9 ^! matt]s to obta9 = himself su* photographic repres5tation z may be easily acquirable ( ! tomb ( ,il>ia8 ,x is 9 ! nor? transept ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,lucca2 & is c]ta9ly ! mo/ beautiful "w exi/+ by ! ma/] :o wr\ght x1--,jacopo della ,qu]cia4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,colors ,,( ,,pre-,,raphaelitism4 ,,ii4 #bcf4 ,! feel+ :i*1 9 ! =ego+ notes on ! pictures t ent]ta9$ my vacation1 ,i endeavor$ to illu/rate z dom9ant ov] e>ly ,pre-,raphaelite "w1 is v f> f be+ new 9 ! _w4 ,demon/rations 9 support ( fact aga9/ fancy h be5 p]iodical motives ( e>?quake & he>tquake1 "u ! two rigidly incumb5t burd5s ( drift$ tradition1 :i*1 ?r\gh\t ! hi/ory ( humanity1 dur+ phases ( languid ?\ght1 cov] ! vaults ( se>*+ fire t mu/ at la/ try e man's "w1 :at x is4 ,b ! movem5t "u pres5t "q d]iv$ unusual =ce1 & 9 "s directions a morbid & mis*iev\s =ce1 f ! vulg>ly call$#dd sci5tific modes ( inve/igation :i* _h de/roy$ 9 ! m9ds ( ! public x appeal$ to1 all possibility1 or ev5 conception1 ( rev]5ce = any?+1 pa/1 pres5t1 or future1 invisible to ! eyes ( a mob1 & inexpressible by popul> vocif]ation4 ,x 0 inde$1 & _h long be51 too true1 z ! wise/ ( u felt1 t ! my/]y ( ! doma9 betwe5 ?+s t are univ]sally visible1 & are only occasionally s to "s p]sons1--no less ?an ! my?s or words 9 :i* ^? :o _h ent]$ t k+dom relat$ :at !y _h se51 _h become1 ! "o un9vit+1 & ! o!r useless1 to m5 deal+ ) ! imm$iate bus9ess ( our day2 s t ! hi/orian ( ! la/ ( ,european k+s might mo/ reasonably m\rn t ! ,b]l9 ,gall]ies1 :i* are made up1 l o!r gall]ies1 ( goat-foot$ ,pan1 ,europa's ,bull1 ,romulus's ,%e-wolf1 & ! ,correggiosity ( ,correggio1 conta91 = in/ance1 no portrait ( ,fri$ri* ! ,great2 no lik5ess at all1 or next to none at all1 ( ! noble s]ies ( human realities1 or ( any "p ( !m1 :o h sprung n f ! idle bra9s ( dream+ dilettanti1 b f ! ,head ( ,god ,almighty1 to make ?is poor au!ntic e>? a little memorable = u1 & to d a little "w t may be et]nal !re4 99 99 99 #bcg4 ,b we mu/ surely1 9 fairness to mod]nism1 rememb] t al?\gh no portraits ( great ,fr$]ick1 ( a tru/wor?y "*1 may be f\nd at ,b]l91 portraits ( ! ,engli% squire1 be he great or small1 may usually be se5 at 8 c\ntry h\se4 ,& ,ed9burgh1 z ,i lately saw1--if %e boa/s ( no ,v5etian p]fectness ( art 9 ! portraiture ( h] ,bruce or ,james1 h] ,d\glas or ,knox1 at ,holyrood1 has at lea/ a *>m+ portrait ( a ,scotti% beauty 9 ! ,attic ,in/itution1 ^: maje/y1 toge!r ) t ( ! m ext5sive glass ro(s ( ! railway /ation1 & ! tall *imney ( ! gasworks1 inflates ! ,cal$onian m9d1 contemplative ar\nd ! spot :]e ! la/ ( its m9/rels appe>s to be await+ et]nal ext9ction "u 8 special ext+ui%]2--& pron\nc+ ( all its works & ways t !y are v good4 ,& are !re n also suffici5tly resembl+ portraits ( all ! m\?pieces ( con/itu5ts 9 ,briti% ,p>liam5t--z _! vocal p[]s advance !m into t wor%ipful society--pres5t$ to ! p1 ) due felicitation on ! new pipe x has got to its organ1 9 ! ,illu/rat$ or o!r graphic ,news8 ,surely1 !re=e1 x _c be portraiture ( m]ely human greatness ( m9d t we are anyway %ort (2 b ano!r mann] ( greatness altoge!r8 ,& may we n regret t z great ,fr$]ick is dead1 s also great ,pan is dead1 & only ! goat-foot$ ,pan1 or r ! goat's feet ( him )\t ! ,pan1 left = portraiture8 99 99 99 #bch4 ,i *anc$ to walk1 to-day1 #i? ( ,novemb]1 ?r\gh ! gall]y ( ! ,liv]pool ,museum1 9 :i* ! good zeal & s5se ( ,mr4 ,gatty h already1 9 beautiful ord]1 arrang$ ! ,egyptian antiquities1 b h n yet prevail$ f> en\gh to gr\p1 9 l mann]1 ! scatt]$ ,byzant9e & ,italian ivories above4 ,out ( :i* collection1 e way valuable1 two prim>ily important pieces1 x seems to me1 may be recomm5d$ = accurate juxtaposition1 br++ !n = u into briefe/ compass an ext5sive /ory ( ! ,arts ( ,mank9d4 ,! fir/ is an image ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 c>v$ 9 ! elev5? c5tury2 be+ !n conceiv$ by ! image-mak] z dec5tly cov]$ by 8 raim5t ( camel's hair2 be>+ a g5tle aspect1 because ! h]ald ( a g5tle ,"l2 & po9t+ to 8 q legibly writt5 message conc]n+ ! ,lamb :i* is t g5tle ,"l's h]aldic symbol4 ,! o!r c>v+ is also ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 ,italian "w ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,he is repres5t$ !reby z be>+ no aspect1 = he is )\t 8 head2--we>+ no camel's hair1 = he is )\t 8 raim5t2--& indicative ( no message1 = he has none to br+4 #bci4 ,n[ if ^! two c>v+s are ev] put 9 due relative position1 !y w con/itute a precise & p]man5t art-lecture to ! museum-visitants ( ,liv]pool-burg2 exhibit+ to !m in/antly1 & 9 sum1 ! conditions ( ! *ange 9 ! aims ( art :i*1 beg9n+ 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury "u ,niccolo ,pisano1 consummat$ itself ?ree hundr$ ye>s aft]w>ds 9 ,raphael & 8 s*ol>s4 ,niccolo1 fir/ among ,italians1 ?\ght ma9ly 9 c>v+ ! ,crucifixion1 n h[ heavy ,*ri/'s head 0 :5 ,he b[$ x2--b h[ heavy ,8 body 0 :5 p came to take x d[n4 ,& ! apo!osis ( fle%1 or1 9 mod]n sci5tific t]ms1 ! molecul> developm5t ( fle%1 w5t /eadily on1 until at la/1 z we see 9 ! in/ance be=e u1 x became really ( small consequ5ce to ! arti/s ( ! ,r5aissance ,inc>nad9e1 :e!r a man _h 8 head on or n1 s only t 8 legs 7 h&some3 & ! decapitation1 :e!r ( ,/4 ,john or ,/4 ,cecilia2 ! massacre ( any quantity ( ,innoc5ts2 ! flay+1 :e!r ( ,m>syas or ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 & ! dea?s1 x might be ( ,laocoon by 8 vip]s1 x might be ( ,adonis by 8 pig1 or x might be ( ,*ri/ by ,8 p1 became1 "o & all1 simply subjects = analysis ( muscul> mortification2 & ! va/ body ( arti/s accurately1 !re=e1 little m ?an a *irurgically useless sect ( m$ical /ud5ts4 ,( c\rse !re 7 _m reaction>y t5d5cies among ! m5 :o _h be5 tra9$ 9 ! pure ,tuscan s*ools1 :i* p>tly conceal$1 or adorn$1 ! mat]ialism ( _! advance2 & ,raphael himself1 aft] pr(\ndly /udy+ ! arabesques ( ,pompeii & ( ! palace ( ! ,caes>s1 beguil$ ! t$ium1 & illu/rat$ ! spirituality ( ! conv]se ( ,moses & ,elias ) ,*ri/ conc]n+ ,8 decease :i* ,he %\ld accompli% at ,j]usalem1 by plac+ !m1 above ! ,m\nt ( ,transfiguration1 9 ! attitudes ( two humm+-birds on ! top ( a honeysuckle4 #bdj4 ,b ! be/ ( ^! ornam5tal arrangem5ts 7 insuffici5t to su/a9 ! vivacity1 :ile !y conclusively und]m9$ ! s9c]ity1 ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 & ! real consequ5ces ( ! acceptance ( ?is k9d 7,roman ,ba? & ,s>cophagus k9d7 ( religi\s idealism 7 in/ant & manifold4#de 99 99 99 ,s f> z x 0 receiv$ & tru/$ 9 by ?\ghtful p]sons1 x only s]v$ to *ill all ! conceptions ( sacr$ hi/ory :i* !y might o!rwise h obta9$4 ,:atev] !y c\ld h fanci$ = !mselves ab\t ! wild1 /range1 inf9itely /]n1 inf9itely t5d]1 inf9itely v>i$ v]acities ( ! life ( ,*ri/1 0 blott$ out by ! vapid f9]ies ( ,raphael3 ! r\gh ,galilean pilot1 ! ord]ly cu/om receiv]1 & all ! que/ion+ wond] & fire ( un$ucat$ apo/le%ip1 7 obscur$ "u an antique mask ( philosophical faces & long robes4 ,! feeble1 subtle1 suff]+1 ceaseless en]gy & humiliation ( ,/4 ,paul 7 confus$ ) an idea ( a m$itative ,h]cules lean+ on a sweep+ sword2 & ! mighty pres5ces ( ,moses & ,elias 7 s(t5$ by introductions ( delicate grace1 adopt$ f danc+ nymphs & ris+ ,auroras4 ,n[ no vigor\sly m9d$ religi\s p]son c\ld possibly receive pleasure or help f su* art z ?is2 & ! necess>y result 0 ! in/ant rejection ( x by ! heal?y religion ( ! _w4 ,raphael m9i/]$1 ) applause1 to ! impi\s luxury ( ! ,vatican1 b 0 trampl$ und]foot at once by e believ+ & advanc+ ,*ri/ian ( 8 own & subsequ5t times2 & !nce=w>d pure ,*ri/ianity & high art took sep>ate roads1 & f>$ on1 z be/ !y might1 indep5d5tly ( ea* o!r4 ,b al?\gh ,calv91 & ,knox1 & ,lu!r1 & _! flocks1 ) all ! h>de/-head$ & true/-he>t$ fai?ful left 9 ,*ri/5dom1 ?us spurn$ away ! spuri\s art1 & all art ) x 7n )\t h>m to !mselves1 su* z a man mu/ ne$s su/a9 9 cutt+ (f a decay$ limb71 c]ta9 conditions ( weak] ,*ri/ianity suff]$ ! false sy/em to reta9 influ5ce ov] !m2 & to ?is day ! cle> & ta/eless poison ( ! art ( ,raphael infects ) sleep ( infidelity ! he>ts ( millions ( ,*ri/ians4 ,x is ! fir/ cause ( all t pre-em95t dullness :i* *>act]izes :at ,prote/ants call sacr$ art2 a dullness n m]ely baneful 9 mak+ religion di/a/eful to ! "y1 b 9 sick5+1 z we h se51 all vital belief ( religion 9 ! old4 ,a dim s5se ( impossibility atta*es itself always to ! graceful empt9ess ( ! repres5tation2 we feel in/9ctively t ! pa9t$ ,*ri/ & pa9t$ apo/le are n be+s t ev] did or c\ld exi/2 & ?is fatal s5se ( fair fabul\sness1 & well-compos$ impossibility1 /eals gradually f ! picture into ! hi/ory1 until we f9d ourselves read+ ,/4 ,m>k or ,/4 ,luke ) ! same admir+1 b un9t]e/$1 incr$ulity1 ) :i* we contemplate ,raphael4 #bda4 ,)\t claim+1--nay1 s f> z my k c rea*1 utt]ly disclaim+--any p]sonal influ5ce ov]1 or any orig9ality ( sugge/ion to1 ! m5 :o f\nd$ our pres5tly reali/ic s*ools1 ,i may yet be p]mitt$ to po9t out ! sympa?y :i* ,i _h z an out/&+ spectator ) _! ef=t2 & ! m or less active fell[%ip ) x1 :i*1 unrecogniz$1 ,i _h held f ! beg9n+4 ,! passage ,i h j quot$ 7) _m o!rs en=c+ simil> tru?s7 is 9 ! ?ird volume ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s2 b if ! read] c ref] to ! close ( ! preface to ! second edition#df ( ! fir/1 he w f9d ?is v pr9ciple ( realism ass]t$ = ! gr\ndwork ( all ,i _h to tea* 9 t volume4 ,! lesson s f> pleas$ ! public ( t day1 t ev] s9ce1 !y h refus$ to li/5 to any coroll>ies or conclusions f x1 assur+ me1 ye> by ye>1 cont9ually1 t ! old] ,i grew1 ! less ,i knew1 & ! worse ,i wrote4 ,nev]!less1 t fir/ volume ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s did by no means conta9 all t ev5 !n ,i knew2 & 9 ! ?ird1 nom9ally treat+ ( ,_m ,?+s1 w be f\nd ! full expression ( :at ,i knew be/2 namely1 t all ?+s1 _m or few1 :i* we ought to pa9t1 mu/ be fir/ di/+ui%$ boldly f ! no?+s :i* we ought n2 & t a fai?ful reali/1 be=e he c\ld "q :e!r 8 art 0 repres5t+ any?+ truly1 _h fir/ to ask :e!r x meant s]i\sly to repres5t any?+ at all6 #bdb4 ,& su* def9ition has 9 ^! days become m ne$ful ?an ev] be=e1 9 ?is solid1 or spectral--:i*-ev] ! read] pleases to consid] x--_w ( ours4 ,= "s ( u1 :o h no p]ception b ( solidity1 are agre$ to consid] all t is n solid1 or weighably liquid1 no?+4 ,& o!rs ( u1 :o h also p]ception ( ! spectral1 are sometimes too mu* incl9$ to call :at is no m ?an solid1 or weighably liquid1 no?+4 ,b ! g5]al read] may be at lea/ assur$ t x is n at all possible = ! /ud5t to ent] into useful discussion conc]n+ ! qualities ( art :i* takes on itself to repres5t ?+s z !y are1 unless he include 9 its subjects ! spectral1 no less ?an ! sub/antial1 reality2 & und]/& :at diff]5ce mu/ be betwe5 ! p[]s ( v]itable repres5tation1 = ! m5 ^: models are ( pond]able fle%1 z = in/ance1 ! ,sculptor's model1 lately "u debate 9 ,liv]pool1--& ! m5 ^: models pause p]haps only = an in/ant--pa9t$ on ! immeasurable air1--=ms :i* !y !mselves c b disc]n d>kly1 & rememb] unc]ta9ly1 say+3 ,a vision pass$ be=e me1 b ,i c\ld n disc]n ! =m !re(4 #bdc4 ,& ! mo/ curi\s1 yet ! mo/ common1 defici5cy 9 ! mod]n contemplative m9d1 is its inability to compreh5d t ^! ph5om5a ( true imag9ation are yet no less real1 & (t5 m vivid ?an ph5om5a ( matt]4 ,we cont9ually he> arti/s blam$ or prais$ = hav+ pa9t$ ?is or t 7ei!r ( mat]ial or spectral k9d71 )\t ! slighte/ impli$ inquiry :e!r !y saw ?is1 or t4 ,:]eas ! q primal diff]5ce betwe5 ! fir/ & second ord] ( arti/s1 is t ! fir/ is inde$ pa9t+ :at he has se52 & ! second only :at he w\ld l to see6 ,b z ! "o t c pa9t :at he w\ld l1 has !re=e ! p[]1 if he *ooses1 ( pa9t+ m or less :at also 8 public likes1 he has a *ance ( be+ receiv$ ) sympa!tic applause1 on all h&s1 :ile ! fir/1 x may be1 meets only reproa* = n hav+ pa9t$ some?+ m agreeable4 ,?us ,mr4 ,millais1 go+ out at ,tunbridge or ,sev5oaks1 sees a bl9d vagrant l$ by an ugly *ild2 & pa9ts t highly objectionable gr\p1 z !y appe>$ to him4 ,b y\r pliably m9d$ pa9t] gives y a beautiful "y lady guid+ a sightless ,belis>ius 7see ! gift by "o ( our mo/ ta/eful modi/es to our ,national ,gall]y71 & ! gratifi$ public nev] tr\bles itself to ask :e!r ^! e!real m5dicants 7 ev] inde$ app>5t 9 ?is _w1 or any o!r4 ,mu* m1 if1 9 deep] vi/as ( 8 imag9ation1 "s pres5tly graphic ,ze*>iah pa9t--7let u say7 f\r c>p5t]s1 ! public w mo/ likely decl>e t he ought to h pa9t$ p]sons 9 a high] class ( life1 )\t ev] inquir+ :e!r ! ,"l _h %[n him f\r c>p5t]s or n4 ,& ! wor/ ( ! bus9ess is t ! public impati5ce1 9 su* sort1 is n :olly unreasonable4 ,= truly1 a pa9t] :o has eyes c1 = ! mo/ "p1 see :at he likes ) !m2 & is1 by div9e law1 answ]able = 8 lik+4 ,&1 ev5 at ?is late h\r ( ! day1 x is /ill conceivable t su* ( !m z w\ld v]ily pref] to see1 suppose1 in/ead ( a tramp ) a h>monium1 ,orpheus ) 8 lute1 or ,arion on 8 dolph91 pleas$ ,proteus ris+ beside him f ! sea1--might1 /&+ on ! pleasant lea ( ,m>gate or ,brighton1 h sight ( ^? p]sonages4 ,orpheus ) 8 lute1--,jubal ) 8 h>p & horn1--,h>monia1 bride ( ! w>rior se$-s[]1--,musica h]self1 lady ( all timely ?\ght & sweetly ord]$ ?+s1--,cantatrice & ,incantatrice to all b ! museless add]2 ^! ! ,amphion ( ,fesole saw1 z he %ap$ ! m>ble ( 8 t[]2 ^!1 ,memmi ( ,si5a1 fair-figur$ on ! %ad[s ( 8 vault2--b = u1 "h is ! only manife/ation grant$ to our be/ practical pa9t]--a vagrant ) h>monium--& yond] blackbirds & iridesc5t jackasses1 to be h>moniz$ !reby4 #bdd4 ,our be/ pa9t] 7among ! liv+7 ,i say2--no "q has ev] be5 ( t4 ,s9ce ,van ,eyck & ,du]] !re has no?+ be5 se5 s well done 9 lay+ ( cle> oil-color )9 def9ite l9e4 ,& :at he might h pa9t$ = u1 if we _h only kn[n :at we w\ld h ( him6 ,heav5 only kn[s4 ,b we none ( u knew1--nor he nei!r2 & on ! :ole ! p]fecte/ ( 8 works1 & ! repres5tative picture ( t g5]ation--0 no ,annunciate ,m>ia b[+ h]self2 b only a ,newsless ,m>iana /ret*+ h]self3 :i* is inde$ ! be/ symbol ( ! mud-moat$ ,n9ete5? c5tury2 9 its ,grange1 ,/able--,/y1 or :atev] "n ( dwell+ may be/ befit ! ?+s x calls ,h\ses & ,cities3 imprison$ !re9 by ! unassailable/ ( walls1 & blacke/ ( dit*es--by ! pride ( ,babel1 & ! fil?9ess ( ,aholah & ,aholibamah2 & _! worse y\ng] si/]2--crav+ = any mann] ( ,news f any _w--& gett+ none tru/wor?y ev5 ( its own4 #bde4 ,i said t 9 ?is second pap] ,i w\ld try to give "s brief hi/ory ( ! rise1 & ! issue1 ( t ,pre-,raphaelite s*ool3 b1 z ,i look ov] two ( ! essays#dg t 7 pr9t$ ) m9e 9 t la/ numb] ( ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury--! fir/--9 laud ( ! ,sci5ce :i* accepts = practical spirits1 inside ( m51 only ,av>ice & ,indol5ce2 & ! o!r1--9 laud ( ! ,sci5ce :i* rejects ! ,work] outside ( ,m51 ,i am less & less confid5t 9 (f]+ to ! read]s ( ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury any ,hi/ory relat+ to su* despis$ ?+s z unav>ici\s indu/ry1--or incorporeal vision4 ,i w be z brief z ,i c4 #bdf4 ,! c5tral bran* ( ! s*ool1 repres5t$ by ! c5tral picture above describ$3--,! ,bl9d ,girl--0 ess5tially & vitally an un$ucat$ "o4 ,x 0 head$1 9 lit]>y p[]1 by ,wordswor?2 b ! fir/ pure example ( its m9d & mann] ( ,art1 z oppos$ to ! erudite & artificial s*ools1 w be f\nd1 s f> z ,i "k1 9 ,moli]e's song3 j'aime mieux ma mie4 ,its m5tal p[] consi/$ 9 disc]n+ :at 0 lovely 9 pres5t nature1 & 9 pure moral emotion conc]n+ x4 ,its physical p[]1 9 an int5se v]acity ( direct realization to ! eye4 ,s f> z ,mr4 ,millais saw :at 0 beautiful 9 vagrants1 or commons1 or cr[s1 or donkeys1 or ! /raw "u *ildr5's feet 9 ! ,ark 7,noah's or anybody else's does n matt]71--9 ! ,hugu5ot & 8 mi/ress1 or ! ivy beh9d !m1--9 ! face ( ,ophelia1 or 9 ! fl[]s float+ ov] x z x sank2--mu* m1 s f> z he saw :at in/antly compreh5sible nobl5ess ( passion might be 9 ! b9d+ ( a h&k]*ief1--9 ! utt]ance ( two words1 ,tru/ me or ! l3 he prevail$1 & rightly prevail$1 ov] all prejudice & opposition2 to t ext5t he w 9 :at he has done1 or may yet d1 take1 z a /&>d-be>]1 an honorable place among ! re=m]s ( our day4 ,s f> z he c\ld n see :at 0 beautiful1 b :at 0 ess5tially & =ev] common 79 t ,god _h n cleans$ x71 & s f> z he did n see truly :at he ?\ght he saw2 7z = in/ance1 9 ?is picture1 "u imm$iate consid]ation1 :5 he pa9ts ! sp>k ( light 9 a cr['s eye a hundr$ y>ds (f1 z if he 7 only pa9t+ a m9iature ( a cr[ close by17--he fail$ ( 8 purpose & hope2 b h[ f> ,i h nei!r ! p[] nor ! disposition to consid]4 #bdg4 ,! s*ool repres5t$ by ,mr4 ,rossetti's picture & adopt$ = 8 own by ,mr4 ,holman ,hunt1 pr(ess$1 necess>ily1 to be a le>n$ "o2 & to repres5t ?+s :i* _h happ5$ long ago1 9 a mann] cr$ible to any mod]ns :o 7 int]e/$ 9 !m4 ,! value to u ( su* a s*ool necess>ily dep5ds on ! ?+s x *ooses to repres5t1 out ( ! inf9ite hi/ory ( mank9d4 ,= in/ance1 ,david1 ( ! fir/ ,republican ,academe1 0 a true ma/] ( ?is s*ool2 &1 pa9t+ ! ,horatii receiv+ _! swords1 =etold ! triumph ( t ,republican ,p[]4 ,g]ome1 ( ! late/ ,republican ,academe1 pa9ts ! dy+ ,poli*9elle1 & ! morituri gladiators3 =etell+1 9 l mann]1 ! %ame & virtual ru9 ( mod]n ,republicanism4 ,:at our own pa9t]s h done = u 9 ?is k9d has be5 too unwor?y ( _! real p[]s1 = ,mr4 ,rossetti ?rew m ?an half 8 /r5g? into lit]ature1 &1 9 t precise measure1 left himself unequal to 8 appo9t$ task 9 pa9t+2 :ile ,mr4 ,hunt1 n kn[+ ! necessity ( ma/]s any m ?an ! re/ ( our pa9t]s1 & atta*+ too great importance to ! ext]nals ( ! life ( ,*ri/1 sep>at$ himself = long ye>s f all discipl9e by ! recogniz$ laws ( 8 art2 & fell into errors :i* w(ully %ort5$ 8 h& & discr$it$ 8 cause--into :i* aga9 ,i hold x no "p ( my duty to ent]4 ,b su* works z ei!r ( ^! pa9t]s h done1 )\t antagonism or o/5tation1 & 9 _! own true in/9cts2 z all ,rossetti's draw+ f ! life ( ,*ri/1 m especially t ( ! ,madonna ga!r+ ! bitt] h]bs = ! ,passov] :5 ,he 0 twelve ye>s old2 & t ( ! ,magdal5 leav+ h] companions to come to ,him2 ^!1 toge!r ) all ! my?ic sc5es :i* he pa9t$ f ! ,vita ,nuova & ,p>adiso ( ,dante1 are ( q imp]i%able p[] & value3 z also _m ( ! poems to :i* he gave up "p ( 8 pa9t]'s /r5g?4 ,( ,holman ,hunt's ,light ( ! ,_w1 & ,awak5+ ,consci5ce1 ,i h publicly spok5 & writt51 n[ = _m ye>s1 z /&>d 9 _! k9d3 ! /udy ( sunset on ! ,egean1 lately plac$ by me 9 ! s*ools ( ,ox=d1 is n less au?oritative 9 l&scape1 s f> z its aim ext5ds4 #bdh4 ,b ! ,s*ool repres5t$ by ! ?ird pa9t+1 ,! ,bridal1 is t into :i* ! greate/ ma/]s ( all ages are ga!r$1 & 9 :i* !y are wall$ r\nd z 9 ,elysian fields1 unapproa*able b by ! rev]5t & lov+ s\ls1 9 "s sort already among ! ,dead4 ,!y int]pret to ^? ( u :o c read !m1 s f> z !y already see & "k1 ! ?+s t are =ev]4 ,*>ity nev] faile?2 b :e!r !re be prophecies1 !y %all fail--tongues1 !y %all cease--k1 x %all vani%4 ,& ! "o message !y be> to u is ! comm&m5t ( ! ,et]nal ,*>ity4 ,?\ %alt love ! ,"l ?y ,god ) all ?9e he>t1 & ?y neighbor z ?yself4 ,z ?yself--no m1 ev5 ! de>e/ ( neighbors4 ,!re=e let e man see t he love 8 wife ev5 z himself4 ,no m--else %e has become an idol1 n a fell[-s]vant2 a creature betwe5 u & our ,ma/]4 ,& !y tea* u t :at high] creatures exi/ betwe5 ,him & u1 we are also b\nd to "k1 & to love 9 _! place & /ate1 z !y asc5d & desc5d on ! /airs ( _! wat* & w>d4 ,! pr9cipal ma/]s ( ?is fai?ful religi\s s*ool 9 pa9t+1 kn[n to me1 are ,giotto1 ,angelico1 ,s&ro ,botticelli1 ,filippo ,lippi1 ,lu9i1 & ,c>paccio2 b = a c5tral illu/ration ( _! m9d1 ,i take t piece ( "w by ! sculptor ( ,qu]cia1#dh ( :i* "s %ad[ ( repres5tation1 true to an available degree1 is )9 rea* ( my read]4 #bdi4 ,?is sculpture is c5tral 9 e respect2 be+ ! la/ ,flor5t9e "w 9 :i* ! prop] =m ( ! ,etruscan tomb is pres]v$1 & ! fir/ 9 :i* all "r ,*ri/ian s5tim5t respect+ dea? is embodi$4 ,x is p]fectly sev]e 9 classical tradition1 & p]fectly frank 9 concession to ! passions ( exi/+ life4 ,x submits to all ! laws ( ! pa/1 & expresses all ! hopes ( ! future4 ,n[ e "w ( ! great ,*ri/ian s*ools expresses prim>ily1 conque/ ov] dea?2 conque/ n griev\s1 b absolute & s]5e2 ris+ ) ! greate/ ( !m1 into rapture4 ,b ?is1 z a c5tral "w1 has all ! peace ( ! ,*ri/ian ,et]nity1 b only 9 "p its gladness4 ,"y *ildr5 wrea! r\nd ! tomb a g>l& ( abundant fl[]s1 b %e h]self1 ,il>ia1 yet sleeps2 ! "t is n yet come = h] to be awak5$ out ( sleep4 ,h] image is a simple portrait ( h]--h[ mu* less beautiful ?an %e 0 9 life1 we _c "k--b z beautiful z m>ble c be4 ,& ?r\gh & 9 ! m>ble we may see t ! damsel is n dead1 b sleepe?3 yet z visibly a sleep t %all "k no end+ until ! la/ day break1 & ! la/ %ad[ flee away2 until !n1 %e %all n return4 ,h] h&s are laid on h] brea/--n pray+--%e has no ne$ to pray n[4 ,%e we>s h] dress ( e day1 clasp$ at h] ?roat1 girdl$ at h] wai/1 ! hem ( x droop+ ov] h] feet4 ,no di/urbance ( its folds by pa9 ( sickness1 no b9d+1 no %r\d+ ( h] sweet =m1 9 dea? m ?an 9 life4 ,z a s(t1 l[ wave ( summ] sea1 h] brea/ rises2 no m3 ! rippl$ ga!r+ ( its close mantle droops to ! belt1 !n sweeps to h] feet1 /raight z drift+ sn[4 ,& at h] feet h] dog lies wat*+ h]2 ! my/]y ( 8 mortal life jo9$1 by love1 to h] immortal "o4 ,few "k1 & few] love1 ! tomb & its place1--n %r9e1 = x /&s b>e by ! ca!dral wall3 only1 by *ance1 a cross is cut deep into "o ( ! f\ndation /ones beh9d h] head4 ,b no goddess /atue ( ! ,greek cities1 no nun's image among ! cloi/]s ( ,ap5n9e1 no fanci$ light ( angel 9 ! homes ( heav51 has m div9e rank among ! ?\ghts ( m54 #bej4 ,9 s mu* z ! read] c see ( x1 & le>n1 ei!r by pr9t or ca/1 or beside x2 7& he w\ld d well to /ay long] 9 t transept ?an 9 ! ,tribune at ,flor5ce17 he may receive f x1 un]r+ canon ( :at is ev]more ,lovely & ,"r 9 ! deal+ ( ! ,art ( ,man ) 8 fate1 & 8 passions4 ,ev]more lovely1 & "r4 ,^! two virtues ( visible ?+s g always h& 9 h&3 b ! workman is b\nd to assure himself ( 8 ,rightness fir/2 !n ! lovel9ess w come4 ,& prim>ily1 f ?is sculpture1 y are to le>n :at a ,ma/] is4 ,"h 0 "o man at lea/1 :o knew 8 bus9ess1 once ^u a "t6 ,unaccusably2--none ( y\r fool's heads or cl[n's he>ts c f9d a fault "h6 ,dog-fanci]1#di cobbl]1 tailor1 or *url1 look "h--says ,ma/] ,jacopo--look6 ,i "k :at a brute is1 bett] ?an y1 ,i "k :at a silk5 tassel is--:at a lea!rn belt is--,also1 :at a woman is2 & also--:at a ,law ( ,god is1 if y c>e to "k4 ,?is x is1 to be a ,ma/]4 ,!n secondly--y are to note t ) all ! c]ta9 rightness ( its mat]ial fact1 ?is sculpture /ill is ! ,sculpture ( a ,dream4 ,il>ia is dress$ z %e 0 9 life4 ,b %e nev] lay s on h] pill[6 nor s1 9 h] grave4 ,^? /raight folds1 /raightly laid z a sn[drift1 are impossible2 kn[n by ! ,ma/] to be s--*isel$ ) a h& z /eady z an iron beam1 & z true z a ray ( light--9 defiance ( y\r law ( ,gravity to ! ,e>?4 ,t law prevail$ on h] %r\d1 & prevails on h] du/3 b n on h]self1 nor on ! ,vision ( h]4 ,!n ?irdly1 & la/ly4 ,y are to le>n t ! do+ ( a piece ( ,art su* z ?is is possible to ! h& ( ,man j 9 ! measure ( 8 ob$i5ce to ! laws :i* are inde$ ov] 8 he>t1 & n ov] 8 du/3 prim>ily1 z ,i h said1 to t great "o1 ,?\ %alt ,love ! ,"l ?y ,god4 ,:i* comm& is /raight & cle>2 & all m5 may obey x if !y w1--s only t !y be e>ly taught to "k ,him4 ,& t is precisely ! piece ( exact ,sci5ce :i* is n taught at pres5t 9 our ,bo>d ,s*ools--s t al?\gh my fri5d1 ) :om ,i 0 /ay+1 0 n himself1 9 ! mod]n s5se1 ill-educat$2 nei!r did he conceive me to be s1--he yet ?\ght x good = himself & me to h t ,inscription1 ,"l1 tea* u to ,pray1 illum9at$ on ! h\se wall--if p]*ance ei!r he or ,i c\ld yet le>n :at ,john 7:5 he /ill _h 8 head7 taught 8 ,disciples4 #bea4 ,b alas1 = u only at la/1 among ! p ( all ages & 9 all climes1 ! lesson has become too difficult2 & ! ,fa!r ( all1 9 e age1 9 e clime ador$1 is ,reject$ ( sci5ce1 z an ,outside ,work]1 9 ,cockneydom ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,reject$ ( ,sci5ce3 well2 b n yet1 n yet--by ! m5 :o c d1 z well z "k4 ,& ?\gh ,i h nei!r /r5g? nor "t1 nor at pres5t ! m9d to g into any review ( ! "w done by ! ,?ird & *ief ,s*ool ( our y\ng] pa9t]s1 head$ by ,burne ,jones2#ej & ?\gh ,i "k its faults1 palpable en\gh1 l ^? ( ,turn]1 to ! poore/ sight2 & ?\gh ,i am disc\rag$ 9 all its disc\ragem5ts1 ,i /ill hold 9 fullness to ! hope ( x 9 :i* ,i wrote ! close ( ! ?ird lecture ,i ev] gave 9 ,ox=d--( :i* ,i w ask ! read] "h 9 conclusion to weigh ! words1 set d[n 9 ! days ( my be/ /r5g?1 s f> z ,i "k2 & ) ! utt]mo/ c>e giv5 to t inaugural ,ox=d "w1 to speak only t :i* ,i did "k4 #beb4 ,?9k ( x1 & y w f9d t s f> f art be+ immoral1 little else except art is moral2--t life )\t indu/ry is guilt1 & indu/ry )\t art is brutality3 & = ! words 'good1' & 'wick$1' us$ ( m51 y may almo/ sub/itute ! words ',mak]s' or ',de/roy]s4' ,f> ! great] "p ( ! seem+ prosp]ity ( ! _w is1 s f> z our pres5t k ext5ds1 va93 :olly useless = any k9d ( good1 b hav+ assign$ to x a c]ta9 inevitable sequ5ce ( de/ruction & ( sorr[4 ,its /ress is only ! /ress ( w&]+ /orm2 its beauty ! hectic ( plague3 & :at is call$ ! hi/ory ( mank9d is too (t5 ! record ( ! :irlw9d1 & ! map ( ! spread+ ( ! leprosy4 ,b und]nea? all t1 or 9 n>r[ spaces ( dom9ion 9 ! mid/ ( x1 ! "w ( e man1 'qui non accepit 9 vanitatem animam suam1' endures & prosp]s2 a small remnant or gre5 bud ( x prevail+ at la/ ov] evil4 ,& ?\gh fa9t ) sickness1 & encumb]$ 9 ru91 ! true work]s r$eem in* by in* ! wild]ness into g>d5 gr\nd2 by ! help ( _! jo9$ h&s ! ord] ( all ?+s is surely su/a9$ & vitally exp&$1 & al?\gh ) /range vacillation1 9 ! eyes ( ! wat*]1 ! morn+ come?1 & also ! night1 !re is no h\r ( human exi/5ce t does n draw on t[>ds ! p]fect day4 ,& p]fect ! day %all be1 :5 x is ( all m5 und]/ood t ! beauty ( ,hol9ess mu/ be 9 labor z well z 9 re/4 ,nay6 m1 if x may be1 9 labor2 9 our /r5g?1 r ?an 9 our weakness2 & 9 ! *oice ( :at we %all "w = ?r\gh ! six days1 & may "k to be good at _! ev5+ "t1 ?an 9 ! *oice ( :at we pray = on ! sev5?1 ( rew>d or repose4 ,) ! multitude t keep holiday1 we may p]haps sometimes va9ly h gone up to ! h\se ( ! ,"l1 & va9ly !re ask$ = :at we fanci$ w\ld be m]cy2 b = ! few :o labor z _! ,"l w\ld h !m1 ! m]cy ne$s no seek+1 & _! wide home no hall[+4 ,surely goodness & m]cy %all foll[ !m1 all ! days ( _! life1 & !y %all dwell 9 ! h\se ( ! ,"l--,= ,ev]4#ea ,,footnotes3 #dd ,vulg>ly2 ! use ( ! ^w sci5tia1 z if x diff]$ f k1 be+ a mod]n b>b>ism2 enhanc$ usually by ! assumption t ! k ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 acids & alkalies is a m respectable "o ?an t ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 vice & virtue4 #de ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 volume iii4 ,i proce$ 9 my old words1 ( :i* ,i _c bett] ! sub/ance1 ?\gh--) all def]5ce to ! ta/e ( ^? :o call t book my be/--,i c\ld1 ! expression4 #df ,! ?ird edition 0 publi%$ 9 #ahdf1 :ile ! ,pre-,raphaelite ,s*ool 0 /ill 9 swaddl+ clo!s4 #dg ,^! essays 71 ,rec5t ,attacks on ,political ,economy1 by ,rob]t ,l[e1 & ,vir*[ & ,evolution1 by ,pr(4 ,tyndall1--,,ed4 #dh ,james ( ,qu]cia3 see ! rank assign$ to ?is ma/] 9 ,ariadne ,flor5t9a4 ,! be/ photographs ( ! monum5t are1 ,i believe1 ^? publi%$ by ! ,arundel ,society2 ( :om ,i w\ld v e>ne/ly reque/ t if ev] !y quote ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 !y w\ld n int]polate its text ) unm>k$ p>5!ses ( mod]n in=mation su* z emblem ( conjugal fidelity4 ,i mu/ n be made to answ] = ei!r ! rhy?m or ! cont5ts ( s5t5ces ?us manipulat$4 #di ,i fooli%ly1 9 ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 us$ ! g5]ic ^w h\nd to make my s5t5ce pretti]4 ,he is a flat-nos$ bulldog4 #ej ,x w\ld be utt]ly va9 to attempt any g5]al acc\nt ( ! works ( ?is pa9t]1 unless ,i 7 able also to give ab/ract ( ! subtle/ my?ologies ( ,greek wor%ip & ,*ri/ian romance4 ,besides1 _m ( 8 be/ designs are pale p5cil draw+s l ,flor5t9e engrav+s1 ( :i* ! delicacy is lit]ally invisible1 & ! mann] irksome1 to a public tra9$ among ! black scrabbl+s ( mod]n wood-cutt]'s & et*]'s pr9ts4 ,i w only say t ! s+le s]ies ( ^! p5cil-draw+s1 f ! /ory ( ,psy*e1 :i* ,i h be5 able to place 9 ! s*ools ( ,ox=d1 toge!r ) ! two color$ beg9n+s f ! /ories ( ,jason & ,alce/is1 are1 9 my e/imate1 q ! mo/ preci\s gift1 n except+ ev5 ! ,loire s]ies ( ,turn]s1 9 ! ratifi$ acceptance ( :i* my ,univ]sity has honor$ ) "s fix$ memorial ! aims ( h] fir/ ,art-,tea*]4 #ea ,lectures on ,art1 ,sec4,sec4 #ie-f4--;,,ed4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,art4 ,,iii4 ,,ar*itecture4 ,,! ,,op5+ ,,( ,,! ,,cry/al ,,palace4 7,pamphlet1 #ahed47 ,,! ,,/udy ,,( ,,ar*itecture ,,9 ,,our ,,s*ools4 7,r4,i4,b4,a4 ,transactions1 #ahfe47 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,op5+ ,,( ,,! ,,cry/al ,,palace4#eb #bec4 ,i read ! acc\nt 9 ! ,times newspap] ( ! op5+ ( ! ,cry/al ,palace at ,syd5ham z ,i asc5d$ ! hill betwe5 ,vevay & ,*atel ,/4 ,d5is1 & ! ?\ghts :i* x call$ up haunt$ me all day long z my road w\nd among ! grassy slopes ( ! ,simm5?al4 ,!re 0 a /range contra/ betwe5 ! image ( t mighty palace1 rais$ s high above ! hills on :i* x is built z to make !m seem little else ?an a basem5t = its glitt]+ /atel9ess1 & ^? l[l& huts1 half hidd5 b5ea? _! cov]ts ( =e/1 & scatt]$ l gray /ones along ! masses ( f>-away m\nta94 ,"h man cont5d+ ) ! p[] ( ,nature = 8 exi/5ce2 !re comm&+ !m = 8 recreation2 "h a feeble folk ne/$ among ! rocks ) ! wild goat & ! coney1 & reta9+ ! same quiet ?\ghts f g5]ation to g5]ation2 !re a great multitude triumph+ 9 ! spl5dor ( immeasurable habitation1 & haughty ) hope ( endless progress & irresi/ible p[]4 #bed4 ,x is inde$ impossible to limit1 9 imag9ation1 ! b5efic5t results :i* may foll[ f ! und]tak+ ?us happily begun4#ec ,= ! fir/ "t 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w1 a national museum is =m$ 9 :i* a :ole nation is int]e/$2 =m$ on a scale :i* p]mits ! exhibition ( monum5ts ( art 9 unbrok5 symmetry1 & ( ! productions ( nature 9 un?w>t$ gr[?1--=m$ "u ! auspices ( sci5ce :i* c h>dly err1 & ( weal? :i* c h>dly be exhau/$2 & plac$ 9 ! close neighborhood ( a metropolis ov]fl[+ ) a population we>y ( labor1 yet ?ir/+ = k1 :]e contemplation may be consi/5t ) re/1 & in/ruction ) enjoym5t4 ,x is impossible1 ,i repeat1 to e/imate ! influ5ce ( su* an in/itution on ! m9ds ( ! work+-classes4 ,h[ _m h\rs once wa/$ may n[ be pr(itably d$icat$ to pursuits 9 :i* int]e/ 0 fir/ awak5$ by "s accid5tal display 9 ! ,norwood palace2 h[ _m con/itutions1 almo/ brok51 may be re/or$ by ! heal?y temptation into ! c\ntry air2 h[ _m intellects1 once dormant1 may be r\s$ into activity )9 ! cry/al walls1 & h[ ^! noble results may g on multiply+ & increas+ & be>+ fruit sev5ty times sev5-fold1 z ! nation pursues its c>e]1--are que/ions z full ( hope z incapable ( calculation4 ,b ) all ^! gr\nds = hope !re are o!rs = despond5cy1 giv+ rise to a gr\p ( melan*oly ?\ghts1 ( :i* ,i c nei!r repress ! importunity nor =be> ! expression4 #bee4 ,= ?ree hundr$ ye>s1 ! art ( ar*itecture has be5 ! subject ( ! mo/ curi\s inve/igation2 its pr9ciples h be5 discuss$ ) all e>ne/ness & acut5ess2 its models 9 all c\ntries & ( all ages h be5 exam9$ ) scrupul\s c>e1 & imitat$ ) unsp>+ exp5diture4 ,& ( all ?is ref9em5t ( inquiry1--?is l(ty se>* aft] ! ideal1--?is subtlety ( inve/igation & sumptu\sness ( practice1--! great result1 ! admirable & long-expect$ conclusion is1 t 9 ! c5t] ( ! #ai? c5tury1 we suppose ourselves to h inv5t$ a new /yle ( ar*itecture1 :5 we h magnifi$ a cons]vatory6 #bef4 ,9 ,mr4 ,la+'s spee*1 at ! op5+ ( ! palace1 he decl>es t an entirely novel ord] ( ar*itecture1 produc+1 by means ( unrival$ me*anical +5uity1 ! mo/ m>vel\s & beautiful effects1 sprang into exi/5ce to provide a build+4#ed ,9 ^! words1 ! speak] is n m]ely giv+ utt]ance to 8 own feel+s4 ,he is express+ ! popul> view ( ! facts1 nor t a view m]ely popul>1 b "o :i* has be5 enc\rag$ by ne>ly all ! pr(essors ( art ( our "t4 ,x is to ?is1 !n1 t our ,doric & ,palladian pride is at la/ r$uc$6 ,we h vaunt$ ! div9ity ( ! ,greek ideal--we h plum$ ourselves on ! purity ( our ,italian ta/e--we h ca/ our :ole s\ls into ! proportions ( pill>s & ! relations ( ord]s--& behold ! end6 ,our ta/e1 ?us exalt$ & discipl9$1 is dazzl$ by ! lu/] ( a few r[s ( panes ( glass2 & ! fir/ pr9ciples ( ar*itectural sublimity1 s f> s\ght1 are f\nd all ! :ile to h consi/$ m]ely 9 sp>kl+ & 9 space4 ,let x n be ?\ght t ,i w\ld depreciate 77 x possible to depreciate7 ! me*anical +5uity :i* has be5 display$ 9 ! erection ( ! ,cry/al ,palace1 or t ,i und]rate ! effect :i* its va/ness may cont9ue to produce on ! popul> imag9ation4 ,b me*anical +5uity is n ! ess5ce ei!r ( pa9t+ or ar*itecture1 & l>g5ess ( dim5sion does n necess>ily involve nobl5ess ( design4 ,!re is assur$ly z mu* +5uity requir$ to build a screw frigate1 or a tubul> bridge1 z a hall ( glass2--all ^! are works *>act]i/ic ( ! age2 & all1 9 _! sev]al ways1 des]ve our highe/ admiration1 b n admiration ( ! k9d t is r5d]$ to poetry or to art4 ,we may cov] ! ,g]man ,ocean ) frigates1 & bridge ! ,bri/ol ,*annel ) iron1 & ro( ! c\nty ( ,middlesex ) cry/al1 & yet n possess "o ,milton1 or ,mi*ael ,angelo4 #beg4 ,well1 x may be repli$1 we ne$ our bridges1 & h pleasure 9 our palaces2 b we d n want ,miltons1 nor ,mi*ael ,angelos4 ,truly1 x seems s2 =1 9 ! ye> 9 :i* ! fir/ ,cry/al ,palace 0 built1 !re di$ among u a man ^: "n1 9 aft]-ages1 w /& ) ^? ( ! great ( all "t4 ,dy+1 he bequea!d to ! nation ! :ole mass ( 8 mo/ *]i%$ works2 & = ^! ?ree ye>s1 :ile we h be5 build+ ?is colossal receptacle = ca/s & copies ( ! art ( o!r nations1 ^! works ( our own greate/ pa9t] h be5 left to decay 9 a d>k room ne> ,cav5di% ,squ>e1 "u ! cu/ody ( an ag$ s]vant4 ,?is is q natural4 ,b x is also memorable4 #beh4 ,!re is ano!r int]e/+ fact connect$ ) ! hi/ory ( ! ,cry/al ,palace z x be>s on t ( ! art ( ,europe1 namely1 t 9 ! ye> #ahea1 :5 all t glitt]+ ro( 0 built1 9 ord] to exhibit ! paltry arts ( our fa%ionable luxury--! c>v$ b$/eads ( ,vi5na1 & glu$ toys ( ,switz]l&1 & gay jewelry ( ,france--9 t v ye>1 ,i say1 ! greate/ pictures ( ! ,v5etian ma/]s 7 rott+ at ,v5ice 9 ! ra91 = want ( ro( to cov] !m1 ) holes made by cannon %ot ?r\gh _! canvas4 ,!re is ano!r fact1 h[ev]1 m curi\s ?an ei!r ( ^!1 :i* w h]eaft] be connect$ ) ! hi/ory ( ! palace n[ 9 build+2 namely1 t at ! v p]iod :5 ,europe is congratulat$ on ! inv5tion ( a new /yle ( ar*itecture1 because f\rte5 acres ( gr\nd h be5 cov]$ ) glass1 ! greate/ examples 9 exi/5ce ( true & noble ,*ri/ian ar*itecture are be+ resolutely de/roy$1 & de/roy$ by ! effects ( ! v int]e/ :i* 0 beg9n+ to be excit$ by !m4 #bei4 ,"u ! firm & wise gov]nm5t ( ! ?ird ,napoleon1 ,france has ent]$ on a new epo* ( prosp]ity1 "o ( ! signs ( :i* is a zeal\s c>e = ! pres]vation ( h] noble public build+s4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( ?is heal?y impulse1 repairs ( ! mo/ ext5sive k9d are at ?is mom5t proce$+1 on ! ca!drals ( ,rheims1 ,ami5s1 ,r\51 ,*>tres1 & ,p>is2 7probably also 9 _m o!r in/ances unkn[n to me74 ,^! repairs 71 9 _m cases1 necess>y up to a c]ta9 po9t2 & !y h be5 execut$ by ar*itects z skillful & le>n$ z at pres5t exi/1--execut$ ) noble disreg>d ( exp5se1 & s9c]e desire on ! "p ( _! sup]9t5d5ts t !y %\ld be complet$ 9 a mann] honorable to ! c\ntry4 #bfj4 ,!y are1 nev]!less1 m fatal to ! monum5ts !y are int5d$ to pres]ve1 ?an fire1 w>1 or revolution4 ,= !y are und]tak51 9 ! plurality ( in/ances1 "u an impression1 :i* ! ef=ts ( all true antiqu>ies h z yet be5 unable to remove1 t x is impossible to reproduce ! mutilat$ sculpture ( pa/ ages 9 its orig9al beauty4 ,reproduire avec une exactitude ma!matique1 are ! words us$1 by "o ( ! mo/ intellig5t writ]s on ?is subject1#ee ( ! propos$ reg5]ation ( ! /atue ( ,/e4 ,mode/e1 on ! nor? por* ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,*>tres4 ,n[ x is n ! "q at pres5t :e!r ?irte5? c5tury sculpture be ( value1 or n4 ,its value is assum$ by ! au?orities :o h devot$ sums s l>ge to its s-call$ re/oration1 & may !re=e be assum$ 9 my argum5t4 ,! wor/ /ate ( ! sculptures ^: re/oration is dem&$ may be fairly repres5t$ by t ( ! celebrat$ gr\p ( ! ,fates1 among ! ,elg9 ,m>bles 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 ,) :at favor w\ld ! gu>dians ( ^? m>bles1 or any o!r p]sons int]e/$ 9 ,greek art1 receive a proposal f a liv+ sculptor to reproduce ) ma!matical exactitude ! gr\p ( ! ,fates1 9 a p]fect =m1 & to de/roy ! orig9al8 ,= ) exactly su* favor1 ^? :o are int]e/$ 9 ,go?ic art %\ld receive proposals to reproduce ! sculpture ( ,*>tres or ,r\54 #bfa4 ,9 l mann]1 ! /ate ( ! ar*itecture :i* x is propos$ to re/ore may1 at its wor/1 be fairly repres5t$ to ! ,briti% public by t ( ! be/ pres]v$ portions ( ,melrose ,abbey4 ,) :at enc\ragem5t w\ld ^? among u :o are s9c]ely int]e/$ 9 hi/ory1 or 9 art1 receive a proposal to pull d[n ,melrose ,abbey1 & reproduce x ma!matically8 ,!re c be no d\bt ( ! answ] :i*1 9 ! in/ances suppos$1 x w\ld be prop] to return4 ,by all means1 if y c1 reproduce ma!matically1 else:]e1 ! gr\p ( ! ,fates1 & ! ,abbey ( ,melrose4 ,b leave unh>m$ ! orig9al fragm5t1 & ! exi/+ ru94#ef ,& an answ] ( ! same t5or ought to be giv5 to e proposal to re/ore a ,go?ic sculpture or build+4 ,c>ve or raise a model ( x 9 "s o!r "p ( ! city2 b t\* n ! actual edifice1 except only s f> z may be necess>y to su/a91 to protect x4 ,i said above t repairs 7 9 _m in/ances necess>y4 ,^! necess>y op]ations consi/ 9 sub/itut+ new /ones = decay$ ones1 :]e !y are absolutely ess5tial to ! /ability ( ! fabric2 9 propp+1 ) wood or metal1 ! portions likely to give way2 9 b9d+ or cem5t+ into _! places ! sculptures :i* are ready to deta* !mselves2 & 9 g5]al c>e to remove luxuriant we$s & ob/ructions ( ! *annels = ! dis*>ge ( ! ra94 ,b no mod]n or imitative sculpture ought ev]1 "u any circum/ances1 to be m+l$ ) ! anci5t "w4 #bfb4 ,un=tunately1 repairs ?us consci5ti\sly execut$ are always unsightly1 & meet ) little approbation f ! g5]al public2 s t a /rong temptation is necess>ily felt by ! sup]9t5d5ts ( public works to execute ! requir$ repairs 9 a mann] :i*1 ?\gh inde$ fatal to ! monum5t1 may be1 9 appe>ance1 seemly4 ,b a f> m cruel temptation is held out to ! ar*itect4 ,he :o %\ld propose to a municipal body to build 9 ! =m ( a new *ur*1 to be erect$ 9 "s o!r "p ( _! city1 models ( su* portions ( _! ca!dral z 7 fall+ into decay1 w\ld be look$ ^u z m]ely ask+ = employm5t1 & 8 (f] w\ld be reject$ ) disda94 ,b let an ar*itect decl>e t ! exi/+ fabric /&s 9 ne$ ( repairs1 & (f] to re/ore x to its orig9al beauty1 & he is in/antly reg>d$ z a lov] ( 8 c\ntry1 & has a *ance ( obta9+ a commission :i* w furni% him ) a l>ge & ready income1 & enorm\s patronage1 = tw5ty or ?irty ye>s to come4 #bfc4 ,i h great respect = human nature4 ,b ,i w\ld r leave x to o!rs ?an myself to pron\nce h[ f> su* a temptation is always likely to be resi/$1 & h[ f>1 :5 repairs are once p]mitt$ to be und]tak51 a fabric is likely to be sp>$ f m]e int]e/ 9 its beauty1 :5 its de/ruction1 "u ! "n ( re/oration1 has become p]man5tly remun]ative to a l>ge body ( workm54 ,let u assume1 h[ev]1 t ! ar*itect is always consci5ti\s--always will+1 ! mom5t he has done :at is /rictly necess>y = ! safety & decor\s aspect ( ! build+1 to ab&on 8 income1 & decl>e 8 f>!r s]vices unnecess>y4 ,let u presume1 also1 t e "o ( ! two or ?ree hundr$ workm5 :o mu/ be employ$ "u him is equally consci5ti\s1 &1 dur+ ! c\rse ( ye>s ( labor1 w nev] de/roy 9 c>elessness :at x may be inconv5i5t to save1 or 9 cunn+ :at x is difficult to imitate4 ,w all ?is probity ( purpose pres]ve ! h& f error1 & ! he>t f we>9ess8 ,w x give dext]ity to ! awkw>d--sagacity to ! dull--& at once inve/ two or ?ree hundr$ imp]fectly educat$ m5 ) ! feel+1 int5tion1 & in=mation ( ! freemasons ( ! ?irte5? c5tury8 ,grant t x c d all ?is1 & t ! new build+ is bo? equal to ! old 9 beauty1 & precisely correspond5t to x 9 detail4 ,is x1 !re=e1 altoge!r wor? ! old build+8 ,is ! /one c>v$ to-day 9 _! masons' y>ds altoge!r ! same 9 value to ! he>ts ( ! ,fr5* p z t :i* ! eyes ( ,/4 ,l\is saw lift$ to its place8 ,w\ld a lov+ daught]1 9 m]e desire = gaudy dress1 ask a jewel] = a bright fac-simile ( ! worn cross :i* h] "m bequea!d to h] on h] dea?b$8--w\ld a ?\ghtful nation1 9 m]e fondness = spl5dor ( /reets1 ask its ar*itects to provide = x fac-similes ( ! temples :i* = c5turies _h giv5 joy to its sa9ts1 com=t to its m\rn]s1 & /r5g? to its *ivalry8 #bfd4 ,b x may be repli$1 t all ?is is already admitt$ by ! antiqu>ies ( ,france & ,engl&2 & t x is impossible t works s important %\ld n[ be und]tak5 ) due consid]ation & fai?ful sup]9t5d5ce4 ,i answ]1 t ! m5 :o ju/ly feel ^! tru?s are r>ely ^? :o h mu* influ5ce 9 public affairs4 ,x is ! poor abbe1 ^: little g>d5 is %elt]$ by ! mighty buttresses f ! nor? w9d1 :o kn[s ! wor? ( ! ca!dral4 ,x is ! bu/l+ mayor & ! prosp]\s ar*itect :o det]m9e its fate4 ,i answ] f>!r1 by ! /atem5t ( a simple fact4 ,i h giv5 _m ye>s1 9 _m cities1 to ! /udy ( ,go?ic ar*itecture2 & ( all t ,i "k1 or knew1 ! entrance to ! nor? transept ( ,r\5 ,ca!dral 01 on ! :ole1 ! mo/ beautiful--beautiful1 n only z an elaborate & faultless "w ( ! f9e/ "t ( ,go?ic art1 b yet m beautiful 9 ! p>tial1 ?\gh n dang]\s1 decay :i* _h t\*$ its p9nacles ) p5sive color+1 & s(t5$ its sev]] l9es ) unexpect$ *ange & delicate fracture1 l sweet breaks 9 a di/ant music4 ,! upp] "p ( x has be5 already re/or$ to ! :ite accuracies ( novelty2 ! l[] p9nacles1 :i* flank$ its approa*1 f> m exquisite 9 _! p>tial ru9 ?an ! lovelie/ rema9s ( our ,engli% abbeys1 h be5 entirely de/roy$1 & rebuilt 9 r\gh blocks1 n[ 9 process ( sculpture4 ,?is re/oration1 s f> z x has gone1 has be5 execut$ by peculi>ly skillful workm52 x is an unusually favorable example ( re/oration1 especially 9 ! c>e :i* has be5 tak5 to pres]ve intact ! exquisite1 & hi!rto almo/ un9jur$ sculptures :i* fill ! quatrefoils ( ! trac]y above ! ar*4 ,b ,i happ5$ myself to h made1 five ye>s ago1 detail$ draw+s ( ! buttress decorations on ! "r & left ( ?is trac]y1 :i* are "p ( ! "w t has be5 completely re/or$4 ,& ,i f\nd ! re/orations z inaccurate z !y 7 unnecess>y4 #bfe4 ,if ?is is ! case 9 a mo/ favorable in/ance1 9 t ( a well-kn[n monum5t1 highly e/eem$ by e antiqu>y 9 ,france1 :at1 dur+ ! progress ( ! n[ almo/ univ]sal repair1 is likely to become ( ar*itecture :i* is unwat*$ & despis$8 ,despis$6 & m ?an despis$--ev5 hat$6 ,x is a sad tru?1 t !re is some?+ 9 ! solemn aspect ( anci5t ar*itecture :i*1 9 rebuk+ frivolity & *a/5+ gayety1 has become at ?is "t lit]ally repulsive to a l>ge majority ( ! population ( ,europe4 ,exam9e ! direction :i* is tak5 by all ! influ5ces ( =tune & ( fancy1 :]ev] !y conc]n !mselves ) art1 & x w be f\nd t ! real1 e>ne/ ef=t ( ! upp] classes ( ,european society is to make e place 9 ! _w z mu* l ! ,*amps ,elysees ( ,p>is z possible4 ,:]ev] ! influ5ce ( t educat$ society is felt1 ! old build+s are rel5tlessly de/roy$2 va/ hotels1 l b>racks1 & r[s ( high1 squ>e-w9d[$ dwell+-h\ses1 ?ru/ !mselves =w>d to conceal ! hat$ antiquities ( ! great cities ( ,france & ,italy4 ,gay prom5ades1 ) f\nta9s & /atues1 prolong !mselves along ! quays once d$icat$ to comm]ce2 ball-rooms & !at]s rise ^u ! du/ ( desecrat$ *apels1 & ?ru/ into d>kness ! humility ( dome/ic life4 ,& :5 ! =mal /reet1 9 all its pride ( p]fum]y & confection]y1 has successfully consum$ its way ?r\gh wrecks ( hi/orical monum5ts1 & consummat$ its symmetry 9 ! ru9 ( all t once prompt$ a reflection1 or plead$ = reg>d1 ! :it5$ city is prais$ = its spl5dor1 & ! exult+ inhabitants = _! patriotism--patriotism :i* consi/s 9 insult+ _! fa!rs ) =getfulness1 & surr\nd+ _! *ildr5 ) temptation4 #bff4 ,i am f> f int5d+ my words to involve any disrespectful allusion to ! v noble improvem5ts 9 ! city ( ,p>is itself1 lately c>ri$ out "u ! enc\ragem5t ( ! ,emp]or4 ,p>is1 9 its own peculi> "* ( bright magnific5ce1 _h no?+ to fe>1 & ev]y?+ to ga91 f ! gorge\s prolongation ( ! ,rue ,rivoli4 ,b ,i speak ( ! g5]al influ5ce ( ! ri* travel]s & proprietors ( ,europe on ! cities :i* !y pret5d to admire1 or endeavor to improve4 ,i speak ( ! *anges wr\ght dur+ my own lifetime on ! cities ( ,v5ice1 ,flor5ce1 ,g5eva1 ,luc]ne1 & *ief ( all on ,r\51 a city altoge!r ine/imable = its ret5tion ( m$iaeval "* 9 ! inf9itely v>i$ /reets 9 :i* "o half ( ! exi/+ & inhabit$ h\ses date f ! #ae? or e>ly #af? c5tury1 & ! only t[n left 9 ,france 9 :i* ! effect ( old ,fr5* dome/ic ar*itecture c yet be se5 9 its collective gr\ps4 ,b :5 ,i 0 !re1 ?is la/ spr+1 ,i he>d t ^! noble old ,norman h\ses are all1 z spe$ily z may be1 to be /ripp$ ( ! d>k slates :i* protect$ _! timb]s1 & delib]ately :itewa%$ ov] all _! sculptures & ornam5ts1 9 ord] to br+ ! int]ior ( ! t[n into "s con=mity ) ! h&some fronts ( ! hotels & (fices on ! quay4 ,hotels & (fices1 & h&some fronts 9 g5]al--!y c be built 9 ,am]ica or ,au/ralia--built at any mom5t1 & 9 any height ( spl5dor4 ,b :o %all give u back1 :5 once de/roy$1 ! habitations ( ! ,fr5* *ivalry & b\rgeoisie 9 ! days ( ! ,field ( ! ,clo? ( ,gold8 #bfg4 ,x is /range t no "o seems to ?9k ( ?is6 ,:at d m5 travel =1 9 ?is ,europe ( ours8 ,is x only to gamble ) ,fr5* dies--to dr9k c(fee out ( ,fr5* porcela9--to dance to ! beat ( ,g]man drums1 & sleep 9 ! s(t air ( ,italy8 ,are ! ball-room1 ! billi>d-room1 & ! ,b\lev>d1 ! only attractions t w9 u into w&]+1 or tempt u to repose8 ,& :5 ! "t is come1 z come x w1 & t %ortly1 :5 ! p>simony--or lassitude--:i*1 = ! mo/ "p1 are ! only protectors ( ! remnants ( eld] "t1 %all be scatt]$ by ! advance ( civilization--:5 all ! monum5ts1 pres]v$ only because x 0 too co/ly to de/roy !m1 %all h be5 cru%$ by ! en]gies ( ! new _w1 w ! pr\d nations ( ! tw5tie? c5tury1 look+ r\nd on ! pla9s ( ,europe1 dis5cumb]$ ( _! memorial m>bles1--w ^? nations inde$ /& up ) no o!r feel+ ?an "o ( triumph1 fre$ f ! p>alysis ( prec$5t & ! entanglem5t ( memory1 to ?ank u1 ! fa!rs ( progress1 t no sadd5+ %ad[s c any m tr\ble ! enjoym5ts ( ! future1--no mom5ts ( reflection ret>d its activities2 & t ! new-born population ( a _w )\t a record & )\t a ru9 may1 9 ! fullness ( ephem]al felicity1 dispose itself to eat1 & to dr9k1 & to die8 #bfh4 ,is ?is v]ily ! end at :i* we aim1 & w ! mission ( ! age h be5 !n only accompli%$1 :5 ! la/ ca/le has fall5 f our rocks1 ! la/ cloi/]s fad$ f our valleys1 ! la/ /reets1 9 :i* ! dead h dwelt1 be5 effac$ f our cities1 & reg5]at$ society is left 9 luxuri\s possession ( t[ns compos$ only ( bright saloons1 ov]look+ gay p>t]res8 ,if ?is inde$ be our end1 yet :y mu/ x be s labori\sly accompli%$8 ,are !re no new c\ntries on ! e>?1 z yet uncr[n$ by ?orns ( ca!dral spires1 unt5ant$ by ! consci\sness ( a pa/8 ,mu/ ?is little ,europe--?is corn] ( our globe1 gild$ ) ! blood ( old battles1 & gray ) ! temples ( old pieties--?is n>r[ piece ( ! _w's pavem5t1 worn d[n by s _m pilgrims' feet1 be utt]ly swept & g>ni%$ = ! masque ( ! ,future8 ,is ,am]ica n wide en\gh = ! ela/icities ( our humanity8 ,asia n ri* en\gh = its pride8 or among ! quiet mead[l&s & solit>y hills ( ! old l&1 is !re n yet room en\gh = ! spread+s ( p[]1 or ! indulg5ces ( magnific5ce1 )\t f\nd+ all glory ^u ru91 & prefac+ all progress ) oblit]ation8 #bfi4 ,we mu/ answ] ^! que/ions spe$ily1 or we answ] !m 9 va94 ,! peculi> "* ( ! evil :i* is be+ wr\ght by ?is age is its utt] irrep>abl5ess4 ,its newly =m$ s*ools ( art1 its ext5d+ gall]ies1 & well-ord]$ museums w assur$ly be> "s fruit 9 "t1 & give once m to ! popul> m9d ! p[] to disc]n :at is great1 & ! disposition to protect :at is preci\s4 ,b x w be too late4 ,we %all w&] ?r\gh our palaces ( cry/al1 gaz+ sadly on copies ( pictures torn by cannon-%ot1 & on ca/s ( sculpture da%$ to pieces long ago4 ,we %all gradually le>n to di/+ui% orig9ality & s9c]ity f ! decrepitudes ( imitation & palsies ( repetition2 b x w be only 9 hopelessness to recognize ! tru?1 t ar*itecture & pa9t+ c be re/or$ :5 ! dead c be rais$1--& n till !n4 #bgj4 ,some?+ might yet be done1 if x 7 b possible ?or\ghly to awak5 & al>m ! m5 ^: /udies ( ar*aeology h enabl$ !m to =m an accurate judgm5t ( ! importance ( ! crisis4 ,b x is "o ( ! /range *>act]s ( ! human m9d1 necess>y inde$ to its peace1 b inf9itely de/ructive ( its p[]1 t we nev] ?or\ghly feel ! evils :i* are n actually set be=e our eyes4 ,if1 sudd5ly1 9 ! mid/ ( ! enjoym5ts ( ! palate & lightnesses ( he>t ( a ,london d9n]-p>ty1 ! walls ( ! *amb] 7 p>t$1 & ?r\gh _! gap1 ! ne>e/ human be+s :o 7 fami%+1 & 9 mis]y1 7 borne into ! mid/ ( ! company--fea/+ & fancy-free--if1 pale ) sickness1 horrible 9 de/itution1 brok5 by despair1 body by body1 !y 7 laid ^u ! s(t c>pet1 "o beside ! *air ( e gue/1 w\ld only ! crumbs ( ! da9ties be ca/ to !m--w\ld only a pass+ glance1 a pass+ ?\ght be v\*saf$ to !m8 ,yet ! actual facts1 ! real relations ( ea* ,dives & ,laz>us1 are n alt]$ by ! int]v5tion ( ! h\se wall betwe5 ! table & ! sick-b$--by ! few feet ( gr\nd 7h[ few67 :i* are inde$ all t sep>ate ! m]rim5t f ! mis]y4 #bga4 ,x is ! same 9 ! matt]s ( :i* ,i h hi!rto be5 speak+4 ,if e "o ( u1 :o kn[s :at food = ! human he>t !re is 9 ! great works ( eld] "t1 c\ld inde$ see ) 8 own eyes _! progressive ru92 if e e>ne/ antiqu>ian1 happy 9 8 well-ord]$ libr>y1 & 9 ! s5se ( hav+ be5 useful 9 pres]v+ an old /one or two out ( 8 p>i% *ur*1 & an old co9 or two out ( a furr[ 9 ! next pl[$ field1 c\ld inde$ behold1 ea* morn+ z he awak$1 ! mightie/ works ( dep>t$ nations mold]+ to ! gr\nd 9 disreg>d$ heaps2 if he c\ld always h 9 cle> phantasm be=e 8 eyes ! ignorant monk trampl+ on ! manuscript1 ! village mason /rik+ d[n ! monum5t1 ! c\rt pa9t] daub+ ! despis$ & priceless ma/]piece into fre%ness ( fatuity1 he w\ld n always smile s complac5tly 9 ! ?\ghts ( ! little le>n+s & petty pres]vations ( 8 own imm$iate sph]e4 ,& if e man1 :o has ! int]e/ ( ,art & ( ,hi/ory at he>t1 w\ld at once devote himself e>ne/ly--n to enri* 8 own collection--n ev5 to enlight5 8 own neighbors or inve/igate 8 own p>i%-t]ritory--b to f>-sight$ & =e-sight$ endeavor 9 ! great field ( ,europe1 !re is yet "t to d mu*4 ,an association might be =m$1 ?or\ghly organiz$ s z to ma9ta9 active wat*]s & ag5ts 9 e t[n ( importance1 :o1 9 ! fir/ place1 %\ld furni% ! society ) a p]fect acc\nt ( e monum5t ( int]e/ 9 its neighborhood1 & !n ) a ye>ly or half-ye>ly report ( ! /ate ( su* monum5ts1 & ( ! *anges propos$ to be made ^u !m2 ! society !n furni%+ funds1 ei!r to buy1 freehold1 su* build+s or o!r works ( untransf]able art z at any "t might be (f]$ = sale1 or to assi/ _! proprietors1 :e!r private individuals or public bodies1 9 ! ma9t5ance ( su* gu>dian%ip z 0 really necess>y = _! safety2 & ex]t+ itself1 ) all ! influ5ce :i* su* an association w\ld rapidly comm&1 to prev5t unwise re/oration & unnecess>y de/ruction4 #bgb4 ,su* a society w\ld ( c\rse be rew>d$ only by ! consci\sness ( its usefulness4 ,its funds w\ld h to be suppli$1 9 pure self-d5ial1 by its memb]s1 :o w\ld be requir$1 s f> z !y assi/$ x1 to give up ! pleasure ( pur*as+ pr9ts or pictures = _! own walls1 t !y might save pictures :i* 9 _! lifetime !y might nev] behold2 !y w\ld h to =ego ! enl>gem5t ( _! own e/ates1 t !y might buy1 = a ,european prop]ty1 gr\nd on :i* _! feet might nev] tread4 ,b is x absurd to believe t m5 are capable ( do+ ?is8 ,is ! love ( art altoge!r a selfi% pr9ciple 9 ! he>t8 & are its emotions altoge!r incompatible ) ! ex]tions ( self-d5ial or enjoym5ts ( g5]osity8 #bgc4 ,i make ?is appeal at ! risk ( incurr+ only contempt = my ,utopianism4 ,b ,i %\ld =ev] reproa* myself if ,i 7 prev5t$ f mak+ x by su* a risk2 & ,i pray ^? :o may be dispos$ 9 any wise to favor x to rememb] t x mu/ be answ]$ at once or nev]4 ,! next five ye>s det]m9e :at is to be sav$--:at de/roy$4 ,! re/orations h actually begun l canc]s on e important piece ( ,go?ic ar*itecture 9 ,*ri/5dom2 ! "q is only h[ mu* c yet be sav$4 ,all projects1 all pursuits1 hav+ ref]5ce to art1 are at ?is mom5t ( less importance ?an ^? :i* are simply protective4 ,!re is "t en\gh = ev]y?+ else4 ,"t en\gh = tea*+--"t en\gh = criticis+--"t en\gh = inv5t+4 ,b "t little en\gh = sav+4 ,h]eaft] we c create1 b x is n[ only t we c pres]ve4 ,by ! ex]tion ( great national p[]s1 & "u ! guidance ( enlight5$ mon>*s1 we may raise magnific5t temples & gorge\s cities2 we may furni% labor = ! idle1 & int]e/ = ! ignorant4 ,b ! p[] nei!r ( emp]ors1 nor que5s1 nor k+doms1 c ev] pr9t aga9 ^u ! s&s ( "t ! effac$ foot/eps ( dep>t$ g5]ations1 or ga!r toge!r f ! du/ ! /ones :i* _h be5 /amp$ ) ! _s ( our ance/ors4 ,,! ,,/udy ,,( ,,ar*itecture ,,9 ,,our ,,s*ools4#eg #bgd4 ,i suppose !re is no man :o1 p]mitt$ to address1 = ! fir/ "t1 ! ,in/itute ( ,briti% ,ar*itects1 w\ld n feel himself aba%$ & re/ra9$1 d\btful ( 8 claim to be he>d by !m1 ev5 if he attempt$ only to describe :at _h come "u 8 p]sonal obs]vation1 mu* m if on ! occasion he ?\ght x w\ld be expect$ ( him to t\* ^u any ( ! g5]al pr9ciples ( ! art ( ar*itecture be=e its pr9cipal ,engli% ma/]s4 ,b if any m ?an ano!r %\ld feel ?us aba%$1 x is c]ta9ly "o :o has fir/ to ask _! p>don = ! petulance ( boyi% expressions ( p>tial ?\ght2 = ungraceful advocacy ( pr9ciples :i* ne$$ no support f him1 & disc\rte\s blame ( "w ( :i* he _h nev] felt ! difficulty4 #bge4 ,yet1 :5 ,i ask ?is p>don1 g5tlem5--& ,i d x s9c]ely & 9 %ame--x is n z desir+ to retract any?+ 9 ! g5]al t5or & scope ( :at ,i h hi!rto tri$ to say4 ,p]mit me ! pa91 & ! app>5t imp]t95ce1 ( speak+ = a mom5t ( my own pa/ "w2 = x is necess>y t :at ,i am ab\t to submit to y to-night %\ld be spok5 9 no disadvantage\s connection ) t2 & yet und]/ood z spok51 9 no discordance ( purpose ) t4 ,inde$ !re is mu* 9 old "w ( m9e :i* ,i c\ld wi% to put out ( m9d4 ,reason+s1 p]haps n 9 !mselves false1 b f\nd$ on insuffici5t data & imp]fect exp]i5ce--eag] pref]5ces1 & dislikes1 dep5d5t on *ance circum/ances ( association1 & limitations ( sph]e ( labor3 b1 :ile ,i w\ld fa9 n[1 if ,i c\ld1 modify ! applications1 & *a/5 ! extravagance ( my writ+s1 let me also say ( !m t !y 7 ! expression ( a delight 9 ! art ( ar*itecture :i* 0 too int5se to be vitally deceiv$1 & ( an inquiry too hone/ & eag] to be )\t "s useful result2 & ,i only wi% ,i _h n[ "t1 & /r5g? & p[] ( m9d1 to c>ry on1 m wor?ily1 ! ma9 endeavor ( my e>ly "w4 ,t ma9 endeavor has be5 ?r\gh\t to set =? ! life ( ! individual human _s z modify+ ! application ( ! =mal laws ( ar*itecture1 no less ?an ( all o!r arts2 & to %[ t ! p[] & advance ( ?is art1 ev5 9 conditions ( =mal nobl5ess1 7 dep5d5t on its j association ) sculpture z a means ( express+ ! beauty ( natural =ms3 & ,i ! m boldly ask y\r p]mission to insi/ some:at on ?is ma9 mean+ ( my pa/ "w1 because !re are _m build+s n[ ris+ 9 ! /reets ( ,london1 z 9 o!r cities ( ,engl&1 :i* appe> to be design$ 9 accordance ) ?is pr9ciple1 & :i* are1 ,i believe1 m (f5sive to all :o ?\ghtfully concur ) me 9 accept+ ! pr9ciple ( ,naturalism ?an !y are to ! classical ar*itect to ^: modes ( design !y are visibly antagoni/ic4 ,^! build+s1 9 :i* ! m]e ca/ ( a fl[]1 or ! realization ( a vulg> face1 c>v$ )\t pleasure by a workman :o is only endeavor+ to attract att5tion by novelty1 & !n fa/5$ on1 or appe>+ to be fa/5$1 z *ance may dictate1 to an ar*1 or a pill>1 or a wall1 hold su* relation to nobly naturali/ic ar*itecture z common sign-pa9t]'s furniture l&scapes d to pa9t+1 or commone/ wax-"w to ,greek sculpture2 & ! feel+s ) :i* true naturali/s reg>d su* build+s ( ?is class are1 z ne>ly z might be1 :at a pa9t] w\ld exp]i5ce1 if1 hav+ cont5d$ e>ne/ly aga9/ conv5tional s*ools1 & hav+ ass]t$ t ,greek vase-pa9t+ & ,egyptian wall-pa9t+1 & ,m$iaeval glass-pa9t+1 ?\gh beautiful1 all1 9 _! place & way1 7 yet subord9ate arts1 & culm9at$ only 9 p]fectly naturali/ic "w su* z ,raphael's 9 fresco1 & ,titian's on canvas2--if1 ,i say1 a pa9t]1 fix$ 9 su* fai? 9 an entire1 intellectual & manly tru?1 & ma9ta9+ t an ,egyptian pr(ile ( a head1 h[ev] decoratively applicable1 0 only noble = su* human tru? z x conta9$1 & 0 imp]fect & ignoble beside a "w ( ,titian's1 7 %[n1 by 8 antagoni/1 ! color$ dagu]reotype ( a human body 9 its nak$ness1 & told t x 0 art su* z t :i* he really advocat$1 & to su* art t 8 pr9ciples1 if c>ri$ out1 w\ld f9ally lead4 #bgf4 ,& because ?is "q lies at ! v root ( ! organization ( ! sy/em ( in/ruction = our y\?1 ,i v5ture boldly to express ! surprise & regret ) :i* ,i see our s*ools /ill agitat$ by ass]tions ( ! opposition ( ,naturalism to ,inv5tion1 & to ! high] conditions ( art4 ,ev5 9 ?is v room ,i believe !re has lately be5 "q :e!r a sculptor %\ld look at a real liv+ creature ( :i* he _h to c>ve ! image4 ,i w\ld answ] 9 "o s5se1--no2 t is to say1 he ought to c>ve no liv+ creature :ile he /ill ne$s to look at x4 ,if we d n "k :at a human body is l1 we c]ta9ly _h bett] look1 & look (t51 at x1 be=e we c>ve x2 b if we already "k ! human lik5ess s well t we c c>ve x by light ( memory1 we %all n ne$ to ask :e!r we ought n[ to look at x or n2 & :at is true ( man is true ( all o!r creatures & organisms--( bird1 & bea/1 & leaf4 ,no ass]tion is m at v>iance ) ! laws ( classical z well z ( subsequ5t art ?an ! common "o t species %\ld n be di/+ui%$ 9 great design4 ,we might z well say t we ought to c>ve a man s z n to "k him f an ape1 z t we %\ld c>ve a lily s z n to "k x f a ?i/le4 ,x is difficult = me to conceive h[ ?is c be ass]t$ 9 ! pres5ce ( any rema9s ei!r ( great ,greek or ,italian art4 ,a ,greek look$ at a cockle-%ell or a cuttlefi% z c>efully z he look$ at an ,olympic conqu]or4 ,! eagle ( ,elis1 ! lion ( ,velia1 ! horse ( ,syracuse1 ! bull ( ,?urii1 ! dolph9 ( ,t>5tum1 ! crab ( ,agrig5tum1 & ! crawfi% ( ,catana1 are /udi$ z closely1 e "o ( !m1 z ! ,juno ( ,argos1 or ,apollo ( ,clazom5ae4 ,idealism1 s f> f be+ contr>y to special tru?1 is ! v ab/raction ( speciality f ev]y?+ else4 ,x is ! e>ne/ /atem5t ( ! *>act]s :i* make man man1 & cockle cockle1 & fle% fle%1 & fi% fi%4 ,feeble ?9k]s1 inde$1 always suppose t di/9ction ( k9d involves meanness ( /yle2 b ! meanness is 9 ! treatm5t1 n 9 ! di/9ction4 ,!re is a noble way ( c>v+ a man1 & a mean "o2 & !re is a noble way ( c>v+ a beetle1 & a mean "o2 & a great sculptor c>ves 8 sc>abaeus gr&ly1 z he c>ves 8 k+1 :ile a mean sculptor makes v]m9 ( bo?4 ,& x is a sorr[ful tru?1 yet a sublime "o1 t ?is greatness ( treatm5t _c be taught by talk+ ab\t x4 ,no1 nor ev5 by en=c$ imitative practice ( x4 ,m5 treat _! subjects nobly only :5 !y !mselves become noble2 n till !n4 ,& t elevation ( _! own nature is assur$ly n to be effect$ by a c\rse ( draw+ f models1 h[ev] well *os51 or ( li/5+ to lectures1 h[ev] well int5d$4 ,art1 national or individual1 is ! result ( a long c\rse ( previ\s life & tra9+2 a necess>y result1 if t life has be5 loyal1 & an impossible "o1 if x has be5 base4 ,let a nation be heal?ful1 happy1 pure 9 its enjoym5ts1 brave 9 its acts1 & broad 9 its affections1 & its art w spr+ r\nd & )9 x z freely z ! foam f a f\nta92 b let ! spr+ ( its life be impure1 & its c\rse pollut$1 & y w n get ! bright spray by treatises on ! ma!matical /ructure ( bubbles4 #bgg4 ,& ,i am to-night ! m re/ra9$ 9 address+ y1 because1 g5tlem5--,i tell y hone/ly--,i am we>y ( all writ+ & speak+ ab\t art1 & mo/ ( my own4 ,no good is to be rea*$ t way4 ,! la/ fifty ye>s h1 9 e civiliz$ c\ntry ( ,europe1 produc$ m brilliant ?\ght1 & m subtle reason+ ab\t art ?an ! five ?\s& be=e !m1 & :at has x all come to8 ,d n let x be ?\ght t ,i am ins5sible to ! high m]its ( mu* ( our mod]n "w4 ,x _c be = a mom5t suppos$ t 9 speak+ ( ! ineffici5t expression ( ! doctr9es :i* writ]s on art h tri$ to en=ce1 ,i 0 ?9k+ ( su* ,go?ic z has be5 design$ & built by ,mr4 ,scott1 ,mr4 ,butt]field1 ,mr4 ,/reet1 ,mr4 ,wat]h\se1 ,mr4 ,godw91 or my dead fri5d1 ,mr4 ,woodw>d4 ,_! "w has be5 orig9al & indep5d5t4 ,s f> z x is good1 x has be5 f\nd$ on pr9ciples le>n$ n f books1 b by /udy ( ! monum5ts ( ! great s*ools1 develop$ by national gr&eur1 n by philosophical speculation4 ,b ,i am entirely assur$ t ^? :o h done be/ among u are ! lea/ satisfi$ ) :at !y h done1 & w admit a sorr[ful concurr5ce 9 my belief t ! _s1 or r1 ,i %\ld say1 ! dispirit1 ( ! age1 is heavily aga9/ !m2 t all ! +5i\s writ+ or ?9k+ :i* is s rife among/ u has fail$ to educate a public capable ( tak+ true pleasure 9 any k9d ( art1 & t ! be/ design]s nev] satisfy _! own requirem5ts ( !mselves1 unless by va9ly address+ ano!r temp] ( m9d1 & provid+ = ano!r mann] ( life1 ?an ours4 ,all lovely ar*itecture 0 design$ = cities 9 cl\dless air2 = cities 9 :i* piazzas & g>d5s op5$ 9 bright popul\sness & peace2 cities built t m5 might live happily 9 !m1 & take delight daily 9 ea* o!r's pres5ce & p[]s4 ,b our cities1 built 9 black air :i*1 by its accumulat$ f\lness1 fir/ r5d]s all ornam5t invisible 9 di/ance1 & !n *okes its int]/ices ) soot2 cities :i* are m]e cr[d$ masses ( /ore1 & w>eh\se1 & c\nt]1 & are !re=e to ! re/ ( ! _w :at ! l>d] & cell> are to a private h\se2 cities 9 :i* ! object ( m5 is n life1 b labor2 & 9 :i* all *ief magnitude ( edifice is to inclose ma*9]y2 cities 9 :i* ! /reets are n ! av5ues = ! pass+ & procession ( a happy p1 b ! dra9s = ! dis*>ge ( a torm5t$ mob1 9 :i* ! only object 9 rea*+ any spot is to be transf]r$ to ano!r2 9 :i* exi/5ce becomes m]e transition1 & e creature is only "o atom 9 a drift ( human du/1 & curr5t ( int]*ang+ p>ticles1 circulat+ "h by tunnels und]gr\nd1 & !re by tubes 9 ! air2 = a city1 or cities1 su* z ?is no ar*itecture is possible--nay1 no desire ( x is possible to _! inhabitants4 #bgh4 ,"o ( ! mo/ s+ul> pro(s ( ! vanity ( all hope t conditions ( art may be comb9$ ) ! occupations ( su* a city1 has be5 giv5 lately 9 ! design ( ! new iron bridge ov] ! ,?ames at ,blackfri>s4 ,di/9ct attempt has be5 !re made to obta9 ar*itectural effect on a gr& scale4 ,nor 0 !re any?+ 9 ! nature ( ! "w to prev5t su* an ef=t be+ successful4 ,x is n edifices1 be+ ( iron1 or ( glass1 or ?r[n into new =ms1 dem&$ by new purposes1 :i* ne$ h9d] its be+ beautiful4 ,b x is ! abs5ce ( all desire ( beauty1 ( all joy 9 fancy1 & ( all fre$om 9 ?\ght4 ,if a ,greek1 or ,egyptian1 or ,go?ic ar*itect _h be5 requir$ to design su* a bridge1 he w\ld h look$ in/antly at ! ma9 conditions ( its /ructure1 & dwelt on !m ) ! delight ( imag9ation4 ,he w\ld h se5 t ! ma9 ?+ to be done 0 to hold a horizontal gr\p ( iron rods /eadily & /raight ov] /one pi]s4 ,!n he w\ld h said to himself 7or felt )\t say+71 ,x is ?is hold+1--?is grasp1--?is secur+ t5or ( a ?+ :i* might be %ak51 s t x _c be %ak51 on :i* ,i h to insi/4 ,& he w\ld h put "s life into ^? iron t5ons4 ,z a ,greek put human life into 8 pill>s & produc$ ! c>yatid2 & an ,egyptian lotus life into 8 pill>s & produc$ ! lily capital3 s "h1 ei!r ( !m w\ld h put "s gigantic or "s angelic life into ^? colossal sockets4 ,he w\ld p]haps h put va/ w+$ /atues ( bronze1 fold+ _! w+s1 & grasp+ ! iron rails ) _! h&s2 or mon/r\s eagles1 or s]p5ts hold+ ) claw or coil1 or /rong f\r-foot$ animals c\*ant1 hold+ ) ! paw1 or 9 fi]ce action1 hold+ ) tee?4 ,?\s&s ( grotesque or ( lovely ?\ghts w\ld h ris5 be=e him1 & ! bronze =ms1 animal or human1 w\ld h signifi$1 ei!r 9 symbol or 9 leg5d1 :atev] might be gracefully told respect+ ! purposes ( ! "w & ! di/ricts to :i* x conduct$4 ,:]eas1 n[1 ! entire inv5tion ( ! design] seems to h exhau/$ itself 9 exagg]at+ to an enorm\s size a weak =m ( iron nut1 & 9 convey+ ! in=mation ^u x1 9 l>ge lett]s1 t x belongs to ! ,london1 ,*a?am1 & ,dov] ,railway ,company4 ,i believe !n1 g5tlem51 t if !re 7 any life 9 ! national m9d 9 su* respects1 x w\ld be %[n 9 ^! its mo/ en]getic & co/ly works4 ,b t !re is no su* life1 no?+ b a galvanic re/lessness & covet\sness1 ) :i* x is = ! pres5t va9 to /rive2 & 9 ! mid/ ( :i*1 torm5t$ at once by its activities & its apa?ies1 hav+ _! "w cont9ually ?ru/ aside & di%onor$1 always se5 to disadvantage1 & ov]topp$ by huge masses1 discordant & de/ructive1 ev5 ! be/ ar*itects mu/ be unable to d ju/ice to _! own p[]s4 #bgi4 ,b1 g5tlem51 :ile ?us ! me*anisms ( ! age prev5t ev5 ! wise/ & be/ ( its arti/s f produc+ entirely good "w1 may we n reflect ) con/]nation :at a m>vel\s ability ! luxury ( ! age1 & ! v advantages ( education1 conf] on ! unwise & ignoble = ! production ( attractively & infecti\sly bad "w8 ,i d n ?9k t ?is adv]se influ5ce1 necess>ily affect+ all conditions ( s-call$ civilization1 has be5 ev] en\gh consid]$4 ,x is impossible to calculate ! p[] ( ! false workman 9 an advanc$ p]iod ( national life1 nor ! temptation to all workm51 to become false4 #bhj4 ,fir/1 !re is ! irresi/ible appeal to vanity4 ,!re is h>dly any temptation ( ! k9d 7!re _c be7 :ile ! arts are 9 progress4 ,! be/ m5 mu/ !n always be a%am$ ( !mselves2 !y nev] c be satisfi$ ) _! "w absolutely1 b only z x is progressive4 ,take1 = in/ance1 any ar*aic head int5d$ to be beautiful2 say1 ! ,attic ,a!na1 or ! e>ly ,are?usa ( ,syracuse4 ,9 t1 & 9 all ar*aic "w ( promise1 !re is mu* t is ineffici5t1 mu* t to u appe>s ridicul\s--b no?+ s5sual1 no?+ va91 no?+ spuri\s or imitative4 ,x is a *ild's "w1 a *ildi% nation's "w1 b n a fool's "w4 ,y f9d 9 *ildr5 ! same tol]ance ( ugl9ess1 ! same eag] & innoc5t delight 9 _! own "w = ! mom5t1 h[ev] feeble2 b next day x is ?r[n aside1 & some?+ bett] is done4 ,n[1 9 ?is c>eless play1 a *ild or a *ildi% nation diff]s inh]5tly f a fooli% educat$ p]son1 or a nation advanc$ 9 pseudo-civilization4 ,! educat$ p]son has se5 all k9ds ( beautiful ?+s1 ( :i* he w\ld fa9 d ! l--n to add to _! numb]--b = 8 own vanity1 t he also may be call$ an arti/4 ,"h is at once a s+ul> & fatal diff]5ce4 ,! *ildi% nation sees no?+ 9 its own pa/ "w to satisfy itself4 ,x is pleas$ at hav+ done ?is1 b wants some?+ bett]2 x is /ruggl+ =w>d always to rea* ?is bett]1 ?is ideal conception4 ,x wants m beauty to look at1 x wants m subject to feel4 ,x calls out to all its arti/s--/ret*+ its h&s to !m z a little *ild does--,oh1 if y w\ld b tell me ano!r /ory1--,oh1 if ,i might b h a doll ) blu] eyes4 ,t's ! "r temp] to "w 91 & to get "w done = y 94 ,b ! va91 ag$1 highly-educat$ nation is satiat$ ) beautiful ?+s--x has myriads m ?an x c look at2 x has fall5 into a habit ( inatt5tion2 x passes we>y & jad$ ?r\gh gall]ies :i* conta9 ! be/ fruit ( a ?\s& ye>s ( human travail2 x gapes & %rugs ov] !m1 & pu%es its way pa/ !m to ! door4 #bha4 ,b !re is "o feel+ t is always di/9ct2 h[ev] jad$ & languid we may be 9 all o!r pleasures1 we are nev] languid 9 vanity1 & we w\ld /ill pa9t & c>ve = fame4 ,:at o!r motive h ! nations ( ,europe to-day8 ,if !y want$ art = art's sake !y w\ld take c>e ( :at !y h already got4 ,b at ?is in/ant ! two noble/ pictures 9 ,v5ice are ly+ roll$ up 9 ou?\ses1 & ! noble/ portrait ( ,titian 9 exi/5ce is hung =ty feet f ! gr\nd4 ,we h absolutely no motive b vanity & ! love ( money--no o!rs1 z nations1 ?an ^!1 :atev] we may h z individuals4 ,& z ! ?ir/ ( vanity ?us increases1 s ! temptation to x4 ,!re 0 no fame ( arti/s 9 ^! ar*aic days4 ,e ye>1 e h\r1 saw someone rise to surpass :at _h be5 done be=e4 ,& !re 0 always bett] "w to be done1 b nev] any cr$it to be got by x4 ,! arti/ liv$ 9 an atmosph]e ( p]petual1 :olesome1 inevitable eclipse4 ,d z well z y *oose to-day1--make ! :ole ,borgo dance ) delight1 !y w\ld dance to a bett] man's pipe to-morr[4 ,cr$ette ,cimabue nella pittura1 t5] lo campo1 et ora ha ,giotto il grido4 ,?is 0 ! fate1 ! necess>y fate1 ev5 ( ! /ronge/4 ,!y c\ld only hope to be rememb]$ z l9ks 9 an endless *a94 ,= ! weak] m5 x 0 no use ev5 to put _! "n on _! works4 ,!y did n4 ,if !y c\ld n "w = joy & = love1 & take _! "p simply 9 ! *oir ( human toil1 !y might ?r[ up _! tools4 ,b n[ x is f> o!rwise--n[1 ! be/ hav+ be5 done--& = a c\ple ( hundr$ ye>s1 ! be/ ( u be+ confess$ to h come %ort ( x1 ev]ybody ?9ks t he may be ! great man once aga91 & ?is is c]ta91 t :atev] 9 art is done = display1 is inv>iably wrong4 #bhb4 ,b1 secondly1 consid] ! attractive p[] ( false art1 complet$1 z comp>$ ) imp]fect art advanc+ to completion4 ,ar*aic "w1 s f> z faultful1 is repulsive1 b advanc$ "w is1 9 all its faults1 attractive4 ,! mom5t t art has rea*$ ! po9t at :i* x becomes s5sitively & delicately imitative1 x appeals to a new audi5ce4 ,f t in/ant x addresses ! s5suali/ & ! idl]4 ,its deceptions1 its successes1 its subtleties1 become int]e/+ to e condition ( folly1 ( frivolity1 & ( vice4 ,& ?is new audi5ce br+s to be> ^u ! art 9 :i* its fooli% & wick$ int]e/ has be5 unhappily awak5$1 ! full p[] ( its ri*es3 ! l>ge/ bribes ( gold z well z ( praise are (f]$ to ! arti/ :o w betray 8 art1 until at la/1 f ! sculpture ( ,phidias & fresco ( ,lu9i1 x s9ks into ! cab9et ivory & ! picture kept "u lock & key4 ,betwe5 ^! highe/ & l[e/ types1 !re is a va/ mass ( m]ely imitative & delicately s5sual sculpture2--veil$ nymphs--*a9$ slaves--s(t goddesses se5 by roselight ?r\gh susp5d$ curta9s--draw+ room portraits & dome/icities1 & su* l1 9 :i* ! int]e/ is ei!r m]ely p]sonal & selfi%1 or dramatic & s5sational2 9 ei!r case1 de/ructive ( ! p[] ( ! public to sympa?ize ) ! aims ( great ar*itects4 #bhc4 ,g5tlem51--,i am no ,puritan1 & h nev] prais$ or advocat$ puritanical art4 ,! two pictures :i* ,i w\ld la/ "p ) out ( our ,national ,gall]y1 if !re 7 "q ( p>t+ ) any1 w\ld be ,titian's ,bac*us & ,correggio's ,v5us4 ,b ! noble naturalism ( ^! 0 ! fruit ( ages ( previ\s c\rage1 cont95ce1 & religion--x 0 ! fullness ( passion 9 ! life ( a ,britom>t4 ,b ! mid-age & old age ( nations is n l ! mid-age or old age ( noble wom54 ,national decrepitude mu/ be crim9al4 ,national dea? c only be by disease1 & yet x is almo/ impossible1 out ( ! hi/ory ( ! art ( nations1 to elicit ! true conditions relat+ to its decl9e 9 any demon/rable mann]4 ,! hi/ory ( ,italian art is t ( a /ruggle betwe5 sup]/ition & naturalism on "o side1 betwe5 cont95ce & s5suality on ano!r4 ,s f> z naturalism prevail$ ov] sup]/ition1 !re is always progress2 s f> z s5suality ov] *a/ity1 dea?4 ,& ! two conte/s are simultane\s4 ,x is impossible to di/+ui% "o victory f ! o!r4 ,obs]ve1 h[ev]1 ,i say victory ov] sup]/ition1 n ov] religion4 ,let me c>efully def9e ! diff]5ce4 ,sup]/ition1 9 all times & among all nations1 is ! fe> ( a _s ^: passions are ^? ( a man1 ^: acts are ! acts ( a man2 :o is pres5t 9 "s places1 n 9 o!rs2 :o makes "s places holy & n o!rs2 :o is k9d to "o p]son1 unk9d to ano!r2 :o is pleas$ or angry accord+ to ! degree ( att5tion y pay to him1 or praise y refuse to him2 :o is ho/ile g5]ally to human pleasure1 b may be brib$ by sacrifice ( a "p ( t pleasure into p]mitt+ ! re/4 ,?is1 :atev] =m ( fai? x colors1 is ! ess5ce ( sup]/ition4 ,& religion is ! belief 9 a ,_s ^: m]cies are ov] all ,8 works--:o is k9d ev5 to ! un?ankful & ! evil2 :o is ev]y:]e pres5t1 & !re=e is 9 no place to be s\ght1 & 9 no place to be evad$2 to :om all creatures1 times1 & ?+s are ev]la/+ly holy1 & :o claims--n ti!s ( weal?1 nor sev5?s ( days--b all ! weal? t we h1 & all ! days t we live1 & all ! be+s t we are1 b :o claims t totality because ,he delights only 9 ! delight ( ,8 creatures2 & because1 !re=e1 ! "o duty t !y owe to ,him1 & ! only s]vice !y c r5d] ,him1 is to be happy4 ,a ,_s1 !re=e1 ^: et]nal b5evol5ce _c be ang]$1 _c be appeas$2 ^: laws are ev]la/+ & inexorable1 s t heav5 & e>? mu/ inde$ pass away if "o jot ( !m fail$3 laws :i* atta* to e wrong & error a measur$1 inevitable p5alty2 to e rightness & prud5ce1 an assur$ rew>d2 p5alty1 ( :i* ! remittance _c be pur*as$2 & rew>d1 ( :i* ! promise _c be brok54 #bhd4 ,& ?us1 9 ! hi/ory ( art1 we ought cont9ually to endeavor to di/+ui% 7:ile1 except 9 broade/ lights1 x is impossible to di/+ui%7 ! "w ( religion f t ( sup]/ition1 & ! "w ( reason f t ( infidelity4 ,religion devotes ! arti/1 h& & m9d1 to ! s]vice ( ! gods2 sup]/ition makes him ! slave ( ecclesia/ical pride1 or =bids 8 "w altoge!r1 9 t]ror or disda94 ,religion p]fects ! =m ( ! div9e /atue1 sup]/ition di/orts x into gha/ly grotesque4 ,religion contemplates ! gods z ! lords ( heal+ & life1 surr\nds !m ) glory ( affectionate s]vice1 & fe/ivity ( pure human beauty4 ,sup]/ition contemplates its idols z lords ( dea?1 appeases !m ) blood1 & v[s itself to !m 9 torture & solitude4 ,religion proselytes by love1 sup]/ition by w>2 religion tea*es by example1 sup]/ition by p]secution4 ,religion gave granite %r9e to ! ,egyptian1 gold5 temple to ! ,jew1 sculptur$ corridor to ! ,greek1 pill>$ aisle & fresco$ wall to ! ,*ri/ian4 ,sup]/ition made idols ( ! spl5dors by :i* ,religion _h spok53 rev]5c$ pictures & /ones1 in/ead ( tru?s2 lett]s & laws1 in/ead ( acts1 & =ev]1 9 v>i\s madness ( fanta/ic desolation1 kneels 9 ! temple :ile x crucifies ! ,*ri/4 #bhe4 ,on ! o!r h&1 to reason resi/+ sup]/ition1 we owe ! entire compass ( mod]n en]gies & sci5ces2 ! heal?y laws ( life1 & ! possibilities ( future progress4 ,b to infidelity resi/+ religion 7or :i* is (t5 en\gh ! case1 tak+ ! mask ( x71 we owe s5suality1 cruelty1 & w>1 insol5ce & av>ice1 mod]n political economy1 life by cons]vation ( =ces1 & salvation by e man's look+ aft] 8 own int]e/2 &1 g5]ally1 :atsoev] ( guilt1 & folly1 & dea?1 !re is abroad among u4 ,& ( ! two1 a ?\s&-fold r let u reta9 "s color ( sup]/ition1 s t we may keep also "s /r5g? ( religion1 ?an com=t ourselves ) color ( reason = ! desolation ( godlessness4 ,i w\ld say to e y\? :o ent]$ our s*ools--,be a ,mahometan1 a ,diana-wor%ip]1 a ,fire-wor%ip]1 ,root-wor%ip]1 if y w2 b at lea/ be s mu* a man z to "k :at wor%ip means4 ,i _h r1 a million-fold r1 see y "o ( ^? quibus haec nascuntur 9 hortis num9a1 ?an "o ( ^? quibus haec non nascuntur 9 cordibus lum9a2 & :o are1 by ev]la/+ orphanage1 divid$ f ! ,fa!r ( ,spirits1 :o is also ! ,fa!r ( lights1 f :om come? e good & p]fect gift4 #bhf4 ,s mu* ( man1 ,i say1 feel+ pr(\ndly t all "r ex]cise ( any human gift1 s desc5d$ f ! ,giv] ( good1 dep5ds on ! prim>y =mation ( ! "* ( true manl9ess 9 ! y\?--t is to say1 ( a maje/ic1 grave1 & delib]ate /r5g?4 ,h[ /range ! words s\nd2 h[ little does x seem possible to conceive ( maje/y1 & gravity1 & delib]ation 9 ! daily track ( mod]n life4 ,yet1 g5tlem51 we ne$ n hope t our "w w be maje/ic if !re is no maje/y 9 ourselves4 ,! ^w manly has come to mean practically1 among u1 a s*oolboy's "*1 n a man's4 ,we are1 at our be/1 ?\ghtlessly impetu\s1 fond ( adv5ture & excitem5t2 curi\s 9 k = its novelty1 n = its sy/em & results2 fai?ful & affectionate to ^? among :om we are by *ance ca/1 b g5tly & calmly insol5t to /rang]s3 we are /upidly consci5ti\s1 & in/9ctively brave1 & always ready to ca/ away ! lives we take no pa9s to make valuable1 9 causes ( :i* we h nev] asc]ta9$ ! ju/ice4 ,?is is our highe/ type--notable peculi>ly among nations = its g5tl5ess1 toge!r ) its c\rage2 b 9 l[] conditions x is especially liable to degradation by its love ( je/ & ( vulg> s5sation4 ,x is aga9/ ?is fatal t5d5cy to vile play t we h *iefly to cont5d4 ,x is ! _s ( ,milton's ,comus2 be/ial itself1 b hav+ p[] to arre/ & p>alyze all :o come )9 its influ5ce1 ev5 pure creatures sitt+ helpless1 mock$ by x on _! m>ble ?rones4 ,x is incompatible1 n only ) all greatness ( "*1 b ) all true gladness ( he>t1 & x develops itself 9 nations 9 proportion to _! degradation1 connect$ ) a peculi> gloom & a s+ul> t5d5cy to play ) dea?1 :i* is a morbid reaction f ! morbid excess4 #bhg4 ,a book has lately be5 publi%$ on ! ,my?ology ( ! ,rh9e1 ) illu/rations by ,gu/ave ,dore4 ,! ,rh9e god is repres5t$ 9 ! vignette title-page ) a pipe 9 "o h& & a pot ( be] 9 ! o!r4 ,y _c h a m complete type ( ! t5d5cy :i* is *iefly to be dread$ 9 ?is age ?an 9 ?is conception1 z oppos$ to any possibility ( repres5tation ( a riv]-god1 h[ev] playful1 9 ! m9d ( a ,greek pa9t]4 ,! example is ! m notable because ,gu/ave ,dore's is n a common m9d1 &1 if born 9 any o!r epo*1 he w\ld probably h done valuable 7?\gh nev] fir/ rate7 "w2 b by glanc+ 7x w be impossible = y to d m ?an glance7 at 8 illu/rations ( ,balzac's ,contes ,drolatiques1 y w see fur!r h[ ?is drolatique1 or semi-comic mask is1 9 ! tru? ( x1 ! mask ( a skull1 & h[ ! t5d5cy to burlesque je/ is bo? 9 ,france & ,engl& only an eff]vesc5ce f ! cloaca maxima ( ! putrid in/9cts :i* fa/5 !mselves on national s91 & are 9 ! mid/ ( ! luxury ( ,european capitals1 :at ,dante meant :5 he wrote quel mi sveglio col puzzo1 ( ! body ( ! ,weal?-,sir52 ! mock+ levity & mock+ gloom be+ equally signs ( ! dea? ( ! s\l2 j z1 contr>iwise1 a passionate s]i\sness & passionate joyfulness are signs ( its full life 9 works su* z ^? ( ,angelico1 ,lu9i1 ,ghib]ti1 or ,la ,robbia4 ,x is to recov] ?is /]n s]i\sness1 ?is pure & ?rill+ joy1 toge!r ) p]petual s5se ( spiritual pres5ce1 t all true education ( y\? mu/ n[ be direct$4 ,?is s]i\sness1 ?is passion1 ?is univ]sal human religion1 are ! fir/ pr9ciples1 ! true roots ( all art1 z !y are ( all do+1 ( all be+4 ,get ?is vis viva fir/ & all great "w w foll[4 ,lose x1 & y\r s*ools ( art w /& among o!r liv+ s*ools z ! froz5 corpses /& by ! w9d+ /air ( ! ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,conv5t ( ,mont ,c5is1 hold+ _! h&s /ret*$ out "u _! %r\ds1 z if besee*+ ! pass] by to look ^u ! wa/+ ( _! dea?4 #bhh4 ,& all ! high] bran*es ( te*nical tea*+ are va9 )\t ?is2 nay are 9 "s sort va9 altoge!r1 = !y are sup]s$$ by ?is4 ,y may tea* imitation1 because ! meane/ man c imitate2 b y c nei!r tea* idealism nor composition1 because only a great man c *oose1 conceive1 or compose2 & he does all ^! necess>ily1 & because ( 8 nature4 ,8 greatness is 9 8 *oice ( ?+s1 9 8 analysis ( !m1 & 8 comb9+ p[]s involve ! totality ( 8 k 9 life4 ,8 me?ods ( obs]vation & ab/raction are ess5tial habits ( 8 ?\ght1 conditions ( 8 be+4 ,if he looks at a human =m he recognizes ! signs ( nobility 9 x1 & loves !m--hates :atev] is diseas$1 frightful1 s9ful1 or designant ( decay4 ,all ugl9ess1 & abortion1 & fad+ away2 all signs ( vice & f\lness1 he turns away f1 z inh]5tly diabolic & horrible2 all signs ( unconqu]$ emotion he regrets1 z weaknesses4 ,he looks only = ! calm purity ( ! human creature1 9 liv+ conque/s ( its passions & ( fate4 ,t is idealism2 b y _c tea* anyone else t pref]5ce4 ,take a man :o likes to see & pa9t ! gambl]'s rage2 ! h$ge-ruffian's enjoym5t2 ! debau*$ soldi]'s /rife2 ! vici\s woman's degradation2--take a man f$ on ! du/y picturesque ( rags & guilt2 talk to him ( pr9ciples ( beauty6 make him draw :at y w1 h[ y w1 he w leave ! /a9 ( himself on :atev] he t\*es4 ,y _h bett] g lecture to a snail1 & tell x to leave no slime beh9d x4 ,try to make a mean man compose2 y w f9d no?+ 9 8 ?\ghts consecutive or proportion$--no?+ consi/5t 9 8 sight--no?+ 9 8 fancy4 ,he _c compreh5d two ?+s 9 relation at once--h[ mu* less tw5ty6 ,h[ mu* less all6 ,ev]y?+ is upp]mo/ ) him 9 its turn1 & ea* z l>ge z ! re/2 b ,titian or ,v]onese compose z tranquilly z !y w\ld speak--inevitably4 ,! ?+ comes to !m s--!y see x s--rightly1 & 9 h>mony3 !y w n talk to y ( composition1 h>dly ev5 und]/&+ h[ l[] p see ?+s o!rwise1 b kn[+ t if !y d see o!rwise1 !re is = !m ! end !re1 talk z y w4 #bhi4 ,i _h int5d$1 9 conclusion1 g5tlem51 to incur su* blame ( presumption z might be involv$ 9 (f]+ "s h9ts = pres5t practical me?ods 9 ar*itectural s*ools1 b "h aga9 ,i am *eck$1 z ,i h be5 ?r\gh\t1 by a s5se ( ! uselessness ( all m9or means1 & helps1 )\t ! e/abli%m5t ( a true & broad educational sy/em4 ,my wi% w\ld be to see ! pr(ession ( ! ar*itect unit$1 n ) t ( ! eng9e]1 b ( ! sculptor4 ,i ?9k !re %\ld be a sep>ate s*ool & univ]sity c\rse = eng9e]s1 9 :i* ! pr9cipal bran*es ( /udy connect$ ) t ( practical build+ %\ld be ! physical & exact sci5ces1 & honors %\ld be tak5 9 ma!matics2 b ,i ?9k !re %\ld be ano!r s*ool & univ]sity c\rse = ! sculptor & ar*itect1 9 :i* lit]ature & philosophy %\ld be ! associat$ bran*es ( /udy1 & honors %\ld be tak5 9 lit]is humanioribus2 & ,i ?9k a "y ar*itect's exam9ation = 8 degree 7= m]e pass71 %\ld be mu* /rict] ?an t ( y\?s int5d+ to ent] o!r pr(essions4 ,! quantity ( s*ol>%ip necess>y = ! effici5cy ( a c\ntry cl]gyman is n great4 ,s t he be mode/ & k9dly1 ! ma9 tru?s he has to tea* may be le>n$ bett] 9 8 he>t ?an 9 books1 & taught 9 v simple ,engli%4 ,! be/ physicians ,i h kn[n sp5t v little "t 9 _! libr>ies2 & ?\gh my lawy] sometimes *ats ) me ov] a ,greek co91 ,i ?9k he reg>ds ! "t s sp5t 9 ! light r ( concession to my idl5ess ?an z helpful to 8 pr(essional labors4 ,b !re is no task und]tak5 by a true ar*itect ( :i* ! honorable fulfillm5t w n require a range ( k & habitual feel+ only atta9able by advanc$ s*ol>%ip4 #bij4 ,s9ce1 h[ev]1 su* expansion ( sy/em is1 at pres5t1 beyond hope1 ! be/ we c d is to r5d] ! /udies und]tak5 9 our s*ools ?\ghtful1 rev]5t1 & ref9$1 accord+ to our p[]4 ,especially1 x %\ld be our aim to prev5t ! m9ds ( ! /ud5ts f be+ di/ract$ by models ( an unwor?y or mix$ "*4 ,a museum is "o ?+--a s*ool ano!r2 & ,i am p]suad$ t z ! effici5cy ( a s*ool ( lit]ature dep5ds on ! ma/]+ a few good books1 s ! effici5cy ( a s*ool ( art w dep5d on ! und]/&+ a few good models4 ,& s /rongly d ,i feel ?is t ,i w\ld1 = my own "p1 at once cons5t to sacrifice my p]sonal pr$ilections 9 art1 & to vote = ! exclusion ( all ,go?ic or ,m$iaeval models :atsoev]1 if by ?is sacrifice ,i c\ld obta9 also ! exclusion ( ,byzant9e1 ,indian1 ,r5aissance-,fr5*1 & o!r m or less attractive b b>b>\s "w2 & ?us conc5trate ! m9d ( ! /ud5t :olly ^u ! /udy ( natural =m1 & ^u its treatm5t by ! sculptors & metal work]s ( ,greece1 ,ionia1 ,sicily1 & ,magna ,graecia1 betwe5 #ejj & #cej ,b4,c4 ,b ,i %\ld hope t exclusiv5ess ne$ n be c>ri$ q s f>4 ,i ?9k ,donatello1 ,m9o ( ,fiesole1 ! ,robbias1 ,ghib]ti1 ,v]roc*io1 & ,mi*ael ,angelo1 %\ld be adequately repres5t$ 9 our s*ools--toge!r ) ! ,greeks--& t a few c>efully *os5 examples ( ! floral sculpture ( ! ,nor? 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury %\ld be add$1 ) especial view to display ! treatm5t ( naturali/ic ornam5t 9 subtle connection ) con/ructive requirem5ts2 & 9 ! c\rse ( /udy pursu$ ) ref]5ce to ^! models1 z ( admitt$ p]fection1 ,i %\ld endeavor fir/ to make ! /ud5t ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) ! natural =ms & *>act]s ( ! objects he _h to treat1 & !n to ex]cise him 9 ! ab/raction ( ^! =ms1 & ! sugge/ion ( ^! *>act]s1 "u due sculptural limitation4 ,he %\ld fir/ be taught to draw l>gely & simply2 !n he %\ld make quick & firm sket*es ( fl[]s1 animals1 drap]y1 & figures1 f nature1 9 ! simple/ t]ms ( l9e1 & light & %ade2 always be+ taught to look at ! organic1 actions & masses1 n at ! textures or accid5tal effects ( %ade2 meantime 8 s5tim5t respect+ all ^! ?+s %\ld be cultivat$ by close & con/ant inquiry into _! my?ological significance & associat$ traditions2 !n1 kn[+ ! ?+s & creatures ?or\ghly1 & reg>d+ !m ?r\gh an atmosph]e ( en*ant$ memory1 he %\ld be %[n h[ ! facts he has tak5 s long to le>n are summ$ by a great sculptor 9 a few t\*es2 h[ ^? t\*es are inv>iably arrang$ 9 musical & decorative relations2 h[ e detail unnecess>y = 8 purpose is refus$2 h[ ^? necess>y = 8 purpose are insi/$ ^u1 or ev5 exagg]at$1 or repres5t$ by s+ul> artifice1 :5 lit]al repres5tation is impossible2 & h[ all ?is is done "u ! in/9ct & passion ( an inn] comm&+ _s :i* x is inde$ impossible to imitate1 b possible1 p]haps1 to %>e4 #bia4 ,p]haps6 ,p>don me t ,i speak despond+ly4 ,= my own "p1 ,i feel ! =ce ( me*anism & ! fury ( av>ici\s comm]ce to be at pres5t s irresi/ible1 t ,i h sec$$ f ! /udy n only ( ar*itecture1 b ne>ly ( all art2 & h giv5 myself1 z ,i w\ld 9 a besieg$ city1 to seek ! be/ modes ( gett+ bread & wat] = its multitudes1 !re rema9+ no "q1 x seems1 to me1 ( o!r ?an su* grave bus9ess = ! "t4 ,b !re is1 at lea/1 ?is gr\nd = c\rage1 if n = hope3 ,z ! evil spirits ( av>ice & luxury are directly contr>y to art1 s1 also1 art is directly contr>y to !m2 & accord+ to its =ce1 expulsive ( !m & m$ic9al aga9/ !m2 s t ! e/abli%m5t ( su* s*ools z ,i h v5tur$ to describe--:atev] _! imm$iate success or ill success 9 ! tea*+ ( art--w\ld yet be ! directe/ me?od ( resi/ance to ^? conditions ( evil among :i* our y\? are ca/ at ! mo/ critical p]iod ( _! lives4 ,we may n be able to produce ar*itecture1 b1 at ! lea/1 we %all resi/ vice4 ,i d n "k if x has be5 obs]v$ t :ile ,dante rightly connects ar*itecture1 z ! mo/ p]man5t expression ( ! pride ( humanity1 :e!r j or unju/1 ) ! fir/ cornice ( ,purgatory1 he indicates its noble function by engrav+ ^u x1 9 p]fect sculpture1 ! /ories :i* rebuke ! errors & purify ! purposes ( noble/ s\ls4 ,9 ! fulfillm5t ( su* function1 lit]ally & practically1 "h among m51 is ! only real use ( pride ( noble ar*itecture1 & on its acceptance or surr5d] ( t function x dep5ds :e!r1 9 future1 ! cities ( ,engl& melt into a ru9 m confus$ & gha/ly ?an ev] /orm wa/$ or wolf inhabit$1 or purge & exalt !mselves into true habitations ( m51 ^: walls %all be ,safety1 & ^: gates %all be ,praise4 ,,note4--,9 ! c\rse ( ! discussion :i* foll[$ ?is pap] ! meet+ 0 address$ by ,pr(4 ,donaldson1 :o allud$ to ! ar*itectural improvem5ts 9 ,france "u ! ,?ird ,napoleon1 by ,mr4 ,george ,edmund ,/reet1 by ,pr(4 ,k]r1 ,mr4 ,digby ,wyatt1 & o!rs4 ,! ,presid5t !n propos$ a vote ( ?anks to ,mr4 ,rusk91 :o1 9 ackn[l$g+ ! high complim5t paid him1 said he w\ld deta9 ! meet+ b a few m9utes1 b he felt he ought to make "s attempt to expla9 :at he _h ineffici5tly /at$ 9 8 pap]2 & !re 0 h>dly any?+ said 9 ! discussion 9 :i* he did n concur3 ! suppos$ diff]5ces ( op9ion 7 ei!r because he _h ill-express$ himself1 or because ( ?+s left unsaid4 ,9 ! fir/ place he 0 surpris$ to he> diss5t f ,pr(essor ,donaldson :ile he express$ 8 admiration ( "s ( ! *anges :i* _h be5 develop$ 9 mod]n ar*itecture4 ,!re 7 two conditions ( ar*itecture adapt$ = diff]5t climates2 "o ) n>r[ /reets1 calculat$ = %ade2 ano!r = broad av5ues b5ea? bright skies2 b bo? conditions _h _! beautiful effects4 ,he sympa?iz$ ) ! admir]s ( ,italy1 & he 0 delight$ ) ,g5oa4 ,he _h be5 delight$ also by ! view ( ! long vi/as f ! ,tuil]ies4 ,mr4 ,/reet _h %[$ t he _h n suffici5tly dwelt on ! di/9ction betwe5 ne> & di/ant c>v+--betwe5 c>v+ & sculpture4 ,he 7,mr4 ,rusk97 c\ld all[ ( no di/9ction4 ,sculpture :i* 0 to be view$ at a height ( #ejj feet above ! eye might be execut$ ) a few t\*es ( ! *isel2 oppos$ to t !re 0 ! exquisite f9i% :i* 0 ! p]fection ( sculpture z display$ 9 ! ,greek /atues1 aft] a full k ( ! :ole nature ( ! object portray$2 bo? /yles 7 admirable 9 _! true application--bo? 7 sculpture--p]fect accord+ to _! places & requirem5ts4 ,! attack ( ,pr(essor ,k]r he reg>d$ z 9 play1 & 9 t _s he w\ld reply to him t he 0 afraid a practical association ) bricks & mort> w\ld h>dly produce ! effects ^u him :i* _h be5 sugge/$1 = hav+ ( late 9 8 resid5ce exp]i5c$ ! transition ( l>ge ext5ts ( gr\nd into bricks & mort>1 x _h _h no effect 9 *ang+ 8 views2 & :5 he said he 0 tir$ ( writ+ ^u art1 x 0 n t he 0 a%am$ ( :at he _h writt51 b t he 0 tir$ ( writ+ 9 va91 & ( knock+ 8 head1 ?ick z x might be1 aga9/ a wall4 ,!re 0 ano!r po9t :i* he w\ld answ] v gravely4 ,x 0 ref]r$ to by ,mr4 ,digby ,wyatt1 & 0 ! "o po9t he _h ma9ly at he>t all ?r\gh--viz41 t religion & high morality 7 at ! root ( all great art 9 all great times4 ,! in/ances ref]r$ to by ,mr4 ,digby ,wyatt did n c\nt]act t proposition4 ,mod]n & anci5t =ms ( life might be diff]5t1 nor c\ld all m5 be judg$ by =mal canons1 b a true human he>t 0 9 ! brea/ ( e really great arti/4 ,he _h ! greate/ dete/ation ( any?+ approa*+ to cant 9 respect ( art2 b1 aft] long inve/igation ( ! hi/orical evid5ce1 z well z ( ! metaphysical laws be>+ on ?is "q1 he 0 absolutely c]ta9 t a high moral & religi\s tra9+ 0 ! only way to get good fruits f our y\?2 make !m good m5 fir/1 & only s1 if at all1 !y w\ld become good arti/s4 ,) reg>d to ! po9ts moot$ respect+ ! practical & poetical uses ( ar*itecture1 he ?\ght !y did n suffici5tly def9e _! t]ms2 !y spoke ( poetry z rhyme4 ,he ?ank$ ! ,presid5t = 8 def9ition to-night1 & he 0 sure he w\ld concur ) him t poetry meant z its d]ivation impli$--! do+4 ,:at 0 rightly done 0 done =ev]1 & t :i* 0 only a crude "w = ! "t 0 n poetry2 poetry 0 only t :i* w\ld recreate or remake ! human s\l4 ,9 t s5se poetical ar*itecture 0 sep>at$ f all utilit>ian "w4 ,he _h said long ago m5 c\ld n decorate _! %ops & c\nt]s2 !y c\ld decorate only :]e !y liv$ 9 peace & re/--:]e !y exi/$ to be happy4 ,!re ornam5t w\ld f9d use1 & !re _! do+ w\ld be p]man5t4 ,9 o!r cases !y wa/$ _! money if !y attempt$ to make utilit>ian "w ornam5tal4 ,he might be wrong 9 t pr9ciple1 b he _h always ass]t$ x1 & _h se5 no reason 9 rec5t works = any modification ( x4 ,he ?ank$ ! meet+ s9c]ely = ! honor !y _h conf]r$ ^u him by _! invitation to address !m t ev5+1 & = ! indulg5ce ) :i* !y _h he>d him4--,,ed4 ,,footnotes3 #eb pamphlet1 ! full title ( :i* 0 ,! ,op5+ ( ! ,cry/al ,palace ,consid]$ 9 "s ( its ,relations to ! ,progress ( ,art1 by ,john ,rusk91 ,m4,a4 ,london3 ,smi?1 ,eld]1 ,co41 #ahed4--;,,ed4 #ec ,b see n[ ,aratra ,p5telici1 ,sec4 #ec4--;,,ed4 #ed ,see ! ,times ( ,monday1 ,june #ab?4 #ee ,m4 l',abbe ,bulteau1 ,description de la ,ca!dral de ,*>tres 7#hvo1 ,p>is1 ,sagni] et ,bray1 #ahej71 p4 #ih1 note4 #ef ,see ,arr[s ( ! ,*ace4 #eg ,?is pap] 0 read by ,mr4 ,rusk9 at ! ord9>y meet+ ( ! ,royal ,in/itute ( ,briti% ,ar*itects1 ,may #ae1 #ahfe1 & 0 aft]w>ds publi%$ 9 ! ,sessional ,pap]s ( ! ,in/itute1 #ahfd-e1 ,"p ,,iii41 ,no4 #b1 pp4 #aci-adg4 ,its full title 7z !re appe>s7 0 ,an ,inquiry into "s ( ! conditions at pres5t affect+ ! ,/udy ( ,ar*itecture 9 our ,s*ools4--,,ed4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,art4 ,,iv4 ,,inaugural ,,address4 ,,cambridge ,,s*ool ,,( ,,art4 7,pamphlet1 #aheh47 99 99 99 99 99 ,,inaugural ,,address#eh ,,deliv]$ ,,at ,,! ,,cambridge ,,s*ool ,,( ,,art1 ,,octob] #bi,,?1 #aheh4 #a4 ,i suppose ! p]sons int]e/$ 9 e/abli%+ a ,s*ool ( ,art = workm5 may 9 ! ma9 be divid$ into two classes1 namely1 fir/1 ^? :o *iefly desire to make ! m5 !mselves happi]1 wis]1 & bett]2 & secondly1 ^? :o desire to enable !m to produce bett] & m valuable "w4 ,^! two objects may1 ( c\rse1 be kept bo? 9 view at ! same "t2 nev]!less1 !re is a wide diff]5ce 9 ! _s ) :i* we %all approa* our task1 accord+ to ! motive ( ^! two :i* weighs mo/ ) u--a diff]5ce great en\gh to divide1 z ,i h said1 ! promot]s ( any su* s*eme into two di/9ct classes2 "o philan?ropic 9 ! gi/ ( its aim1 & ! o!r comm]cial 9 ! gi/ ( its aim2 "o desir+ ! workman to be bett] in=m$ *iefly = 8 own sake1 & ! o!r *iefly t he may be enabl$ to produce = u commodities preci\s 9 !mselves1 & :i* %all successfully compete ) ^? ( o!r c\ntries4 #b4 ,& ?is sep>ation 9 motives mu/ lead also to a di/9ction 9 ! ma*9]y ( ! "w4 ,! philan?ropi/s address !mselves1 n to ! artisan m]ely1 b to ! labor] 9 g5]al1 desir+ 9 any possible way to ref9e ! habits or increase ! happ9ess ( our :ole work+ population1 by giv+ !m new recreations or new ?\ghts3 & ! pr9ciples ( ,art-,education adopt$ 9 a s*ool :i* has ?is wide b some:at indet]m9ate aim1 are1 or %\ld be1 v diff]5t f ^? adopt$ 9 a s*ool meant = ! special in/ruction ( ! artisan 9 8 own bus9ess4 ,i d n ?9k ?is di/9ction is yet firmly en\gh fix$ 9 our m9ds1 or calculat$ ^u 9 our plans ( op]ation4 ,we h hi!rto act$1 x seems to me1 "u a vague impression t ! arts ( draw+ & pa9t+ might be1 up to a c]ta9 po9t1 taught 9 a g5]al way to ev]yone1 & w\ld d ev]yone equal good2 & t ea* class ( op]atives might aft]w>ds br+ ?is g5]al k into use 9 _! own trade1 accord+ to its requirem5ts4 ,n[1 t is n s4 ,a wood-c>v] ne$s = 8 bus9ess to le>n draw+ 9 q a diff]5t way f a *9a-pa9t]1 & a jewel] f a work] 9 iron4 ,!y mu/ be l$ to /udy q diff]5t *>act]s 9 ! natural =ms !y introduce 9 _! v>i\s manufacture4 ,x is no use to tea* an iron-work] to obs]ve ! d[n on a pea*1 & ( none to tea* laws ( atmosph]ic effect to a c>v] 9 wood4 ,s f> z _! bus9ess is conc]n$1 _! bra9s w\ld be va9ly occupi$ by su* ?+s1 & !y w\ld be prev5t$ f pursu+1 ) en\gh di/9ctness or int5sity1 ! qualities ( ,art :i* c alone be express$ 9 ! mat]ials ) :i* !y ea* h to d4 #c4 ,n[1 ,i believe x to be :olly impossible to tea* special application ( ,art pr9ciples to v>i\s trades 9 a s+le s*ool4 ,t special application c be only le>n$ rightly by ! exp]i5ce ( ye>s 9 ! p>ticul> "w requir$4 ,! p[] ( ea* mat]ial1 & ! difficulties connect$ ) its treatm5t are n s mu* to be taught z to be felt2 x is only by repeat$ t\* & cont9u$ trial beside ! =ge or ! furnace1 t ! goldsmi? c f9d out h[ to gov]n 8 gold1 or ! glass-work] 8 cry/al2 & x is only by wat*+ & assi/+ ! actual practice ( a ma/] 9 ! bus9ess1 t ! appr5tice c le>n ! effici5t secrets ( manipulation1 or p]ceive ! true limits ( ! involv$ conditions ( design4 ,x seems to me1 !re=e1 t all idea ( ref]5ce to def9ite bus9esses %\ld be ab&on$ 9 su* s*ools z t j e/abli%$3 we c h nei!r ! mat]ials1 ! conv5i5ces1 nor ! empirical skill 9 ! ma/]1 necess>y to make su* tea*+ useful4 ,all specific ,art-tea*+ mu/ be giv5 9 s*ools e/abli%$ by ea* trade = itself3 & :5 our op]atives are a little m enlight5$ on ^! matt]s1 !re w be f\nd1 z ,i h already /at$ 9 my lectures on ! political economy ( ,art1#ei absolute necessity = ! e/abli%m5t ( guilds ( trades 9 an active & practical =m1 = ! purposes ( asc]ta9+ ! pr9ciples ( ,art prop] to _! bus9ess1 & in/ruct+ _! appr5tices 9 !m1 z well z mak+ exp]im5ts on mat]ials1 & on newly-inv5t$ me?ods ( proc$ure2 besides _m o!r functions :i* ,i _c n[ ent] into acc\nt (4 ,all ?is = ! pres5t1 & 9 a s*ool su* z ?is1 ,i repeat1 we _c hope =3 we %all obta9 no satisfactory result1 unless we give up su* hope1 & set ourselves to tea*+ ! op]ative1 h[ev] employ$--be he f>m]'s labor]1 or manufactur]'s2 be he me*anic1 artific]1 %opman1 sailor1 or pl[man--tea*+1 ,i say1 z f> z we c1 "o & ! same ?+ to all2 namely1 ,sight4 #d4 ,n a slight ?+ to tea*1 ?is3 p]haps1 on ! :ole1 ! mo/ important ?+ to be taught 9 ! :ole range ( tea*+4 ,to be taught to read--:at is ! use ( t1 if y "k n :e!r :at y read is false or true8 ,to be taught to write or to speak--b :at is ! use ( speak+1 if y h no?+ to say8 ,to be taught to ?9k--nay1 :at is ! use ( be+ able to ?9k1 if y h no?+ to ?9k (8 ,b to be taught to see is to ga9 ^w & ?\ght at once1 & bo? true4 ,!re is a vague ackn[l$gm5t ( ?is 9 ! way p are cont9ually express+ _! long+ = light1 until all ! common language ( our pray]s & hymns has sunk into little m ?an "o monoton\s metaphor1 dimly twi/$ into alt]nate languages1--ask+ fir/ 9 ,lat9 to be illum9at$2 & !n 9 ,engli% to be enlight5$2 & !n 9 ,lat9 aga9 to be deliv]$ out ( obscurity2 & !n 9 ,engli% to be deliv]$ out ( d>kness2 & !n = beams1 & rays1 & suns1 & />s1 & lamps1 until sometimes "o wi%es t1 at lea/ = religi\s purposes1 !re 7 no su* words z light or d>kness 9 exi/5ce4 ,/ill1 ! ma9 in/9ct :i* makes p endure ?is p]petuity ( repetition is a true "o2 only ! ma9 ?+ !y want & ought to ask = is1 n light1 b ,sight4 ,x doesn't matt] h[ mu* light y h if y don't "k h[ to use x4 ,x may v possibly put out y\r eyes1 in/ead ( help+ !m4 ,besides1 we want1 9 ?is _w ( ours1 v (t5 to be able to see 9 ! d>k--t's ! great gift ( all2--b at any rate to see no matt] by :at light1 s only we c see ?+s z !y are4 ,on my ^w1 we %\ld soon make x a diff]5t _w1 if we c\ld get b a little--ev] s little--( ! d]vi%'s o9tm5t 9 ! ,arabian ,nights1 n to %[ u ! treasures ( ! e>?1 b ! facts ( x4 #e4 ,h[ev]1 :e!r ^! ?+s be g5]ally true or n1 at all ev5ts x is c]ta9 t our imm$iate bus9ess1 9 su* a s*ool z ?is1 w prosp] m by att5d+ to eyes ?an to h&s2 we %all always d mo/ good by simply endeavor+ to enable ! /ud5t to see natural objects cle>ly & truly4 ,we ought n ev5 to try too /r5u\sly to give him ! p[] ( repres5t+ !m4 ,t p[] may be acquir$1 m or less1 by ex]cises :i* are no wise conducive to accuracy ( sight3 &1 vice v]sa1 accuracy ( sight may be ga9$ by ex]cises :i* 9 no wise conduce to ease ( repres5tation4 ,= in/ance1 x v mu* assi/s ! p[] ( draw+ to sp5d _m h\rs 9 ! practice ( wa%+ 9 flat t9ts2 b all ?is manual practice does n 9 ! lea/ increase ! /ud5t's p[] ( det]m9+ :at ! t9t ( a giv5 object actually is4 ,he w\ld be m advanc$ 9 ! k ( ! facts by a s+le h\r ( well-direct$ & well-correct$ ef=t1 rubb+ out & putt+ 9 aga91 light5+1 & d>k5+1 & scrat*+1 & blot*+1 9 pati5t endeavors to obta9 concordance ) fact1 issu+ p]haps1 aft] all1 9 total de/ruction or unpres5tability ( ! draw+2 b also 9 acute p]ception ( ! ?+s he has be5 attempt+ to copy 9 x4 ,( c\rse1 !re is always a va/ temptation1 felt bo? by ! ma/] & /ud5t1 to /ruggle t[>ds visible results1 & obta9 some?+ beautiful1 cr$itable1 or salable1 9 way ( actual draw+3 b ! m ,i see ( s*ools1 ! m reason ,i see to look ) d\bt ^u ^? :i* produce too _m %[y & complete works by pupils4 ,a %[y "w w always be f\nd1 on /]n exam9ation ( x1 to h be5 done by "s conv5tional rule2--"s s]vile compliance ) directions :i* ! /ud5t does n see ! reason =2 & repres5tation ( tru?s :i* he has n himself p]ceiv$3 ! execution ( su* draw+s w be f\nd monoton\s & lifeless2 _! light & %ade speci\s & =mal1 b false4 ,a draw+ :i* ! pupil has le>n$ mu* 9 do+1 is ne>ly always full ( blund]s & mi%aps1 & x is highly necess>y = ! =mation ( a truly public or univ]sal s*ool ( ,art1 t ! ma/]s %\ld n try to conceal or anticipate su* blund]s1 b only seek to employ ! pupil's "t s z to get ! mo/ preci\s results = 8 und]/&+ & 8 he>t1 n = 8 h&4 #f4 ,=1 obs]ve1 ! be/ t y c d 9 ! production ( draw+1 or ( draughtsman%ip1 mu/ always be no?+ 9 itself1 unless ! :ole life be giv5 to x4 ,an amateur's draw+1 or a workman's draw+--anybody's draw+ b an arti/'s1 is always valueless 9 itself4 ,x may be1 z y h j he>d ,mr4 ,r$grave tell y1 mo/ preci\s z a memorial1 or z a gift1 or z a means ( not+ useful facts2 b z ,art1 an amateur's draw+ is always :olly wor?less2 & x ought to be "o ( our great objects to make ! pupil und]/& & feel t1 & prev5t 8 try+ to make 8 valueless "w look1 9 "s sup]ficial1 hypocritical1 eye-cat*+1 p5ny-cat*+ way1 l "w t is really good4 #g4 ,if1 !re=e1 we h to d ) pupils belong+ to ! high] ranks ( life1 our ma9 duty w be to make !m good judges ( ,art1 r ?an arti/s2 = ?\gh ,i _h a mon? to speak to y1 in/ead ( an h\r1 "t w\ld fail me if ,i tri$ to trace ! v>i\s ways 9 :i* we suff]1 nationally1 = want ( p[]s ( enlight5$ judgm5t ( ,art 9 our upp] & middle classes4 ,n t ?is judgm5t c ev] be obta9$ )\t discipl9e ( ! h&3 no man ev] 0 a ?or\gh judge ( pa9t+ :o c\ld n draw2 b ! draw+ %\ld only be ?\ght ( z a means ( fix+ 8 att5tion ^u ! subtleties ( ! ,art put be=e him1 or ( enabl+ him to record su* natural facts z are necess>y = comp>ison ) x4 ,i %\ld also atta* ! greate/ importance to sev]e limitation ( *oice 9 ! examples submitt$ to him4 ,to /udy "o good ma/] till y und]/& him w tea* y m ?an a sup]ficial acqua9tance ) a ?\s&3 p[] ( criticism does n consi/ 9 kn[+ ! names or ! mann] ( _m pa9t]s1 b 9 disc]n+ ! excell5ce ( a few4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 our tea*+ is address$ m def9itely to ! op]ative1 we ne$ n endeavor to r5d] 8 p[]s ( criticism v acute4 ,ab\t _m =ms ( exi/+ ,art1 ! less he kn[s ! bett]4 ,8 s5sibilities are to be cultivat$ ) respect to nature *iefly2 & 8 imag9ation1 if possible1 to be develop$1 ev5 ?\gh some:at to ! disadvantage ( 8 judgm5t4 ,x is bett] t 8 "w %\ld be bold1 ?an faultless3 & bett] t x %\ld be delightful1 ?an discreet4 #h4 ,& ?is leads me to ! second1 or comm]cial1 "q2 namely1 h[ to get f ! workman1 aft] we h tra9$ him1 ! be/ & mo/ preci\s "w1 s z to enable ourselves to compete ) =eign c\ntries1 or develop new bran*es ( comm]ce 9 our own4 ,_m ( u1 p]haps1 are "u ! impression t pl5ty ( s*ool+ w d ?is2 t pl5ty ( lectur+ w d x2 t s5d+ abroad = patt]ns w d x2 or t pati5ce1 "t1 & money1 & good w may d x4 ,&1 alas1 none ( ^! ?+s1 nor all ( !m put toge!r1 w d x4 ,if y want really good "w1 su* z w be ackn[l$g$ by all ! _w1 !re is b "o way ( gett+ x1 & t is a difficult "o4 ,y may (f] any premium y *oose = x--b y w f9d x c't be done = premiums4 ,y may s5d = patt]ns to ! antipodes--b y w f9d x c't be done ^u patt]ns4 ,y may lecture on ! pr9ciples ( ,art to e s*ool 9 ! k+dom--& y w f9d x c't be done ^u pr9ciples4 ,y may wait pati5tly = ! progress ( ! age--& y w f9d y\r ,art is unprogressive4 ,or y may set y\rselves impati5tly to urge x by ! inv5tions ( ! age--& y w f9d y\r *>iot ( ,art entirely immovable ei!r by screw or paddle4 ,!re's no way ( gett+ good ,art1 ,i repeat1 b "o--at once ! simple/ & mo/ difficult--namely1 to enjoy x4 ,exam9e ! hi/ory ( nations1 & y w f9d ?is great fact cle> & unmi/akable on ! front ( x--t good ,art has only be5 produc$ by nations :o rejoic$ 9 x2 f$ !mselves ) x1 z if x 7 bread2 bask$ 9 x1 z if x 7 sun%9e2 %\t$ at ! sight ( x2 danc$ ) ! delight ( x2 qu>rel$ = x2 f\ght = x2 />v$ = x2 did1 9 fact1 precisely ! opposite ) x ( :at we want to d ) x--!y made x to keep1 & we to sell4 #i4 ,& truly ?is is a s]i\s difficulty = u z a comm]cial nation4 ,! v prim>y motive ) :i* we set ab\t ! bus9ess1 makes ! bus9ess impossible4 ,! fir/ & absolute condition ( ! ?+'s ev] becom+ salable is1 t we %all make x )\t want+ to sell x2 nay1 r ) a det]m9ation n to sell x at any price1 if once we get hold ( x4 ,try to make y\r ,art popul>1 *eap--a fair article = y\r =eign m>ket2 & ! =eign m>ket w always %[ some?+ bett]4 ,b make x only to please y\rselves1 & ev5 be resolv$ t y won't let anybody else h any2 & =?) y w f9d ev]ybody else wants x4 ,& obs]ve1 ! insup]able difficulty is ?is mak+ x to please ourselves1 :ile we are incapable ( pleasure4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! simple/ example1 :i* we c all und]/&1 9 ! art ( dress4 ,we h made a great fuss ab\t ! patt]ns ( silk lately2 want+ to vie ) ,lyons1 & make a ,p>is ( ,london4 ,well1 we may try =ev]3 s long z we don't really enjoy silk patt]ns1 we %all nev] get any4 ,& we don't enjoy !m4 ,( c\rse1 all ladies l _! dresses to sit well1 & be becom+2 b ( real enjoym5t ( ! beauty ( ! silk1 = ! silk's own sake1 ,i f9d none2 = ! te/ ( t enjoym5t is1 t !y w\ld l x also to sit well1 & look well1 on somebody else4 ,! pleasure ( be+ well dress$1 or ev5 ( see+ well-dress$ p--= ,i w suppose 9 my fair he>]s t degree ( unselfi%ness--be t pleasure great or small1 is q a diff]5t ?+ f delight 9 ! beauty & play ( ! silk5 folds & colors !mselves1 = _! own gorge\sness or grace4 #aj4 ,i h j _h a rem>kable pro( ( ! total want ( ?is feel+ 9 ! mod]n m9d4 ,i 0 /ay+ "p ( ?is summ] 9 ,tur91 = ! purpose ( /udy+ "o ( ! ,paul ,v]oneses !re--! pres5tation ( ! ,que5 ( ,%eba to ,solomon4 ,well1 "o ( ! mo/ notable *>act]s 9 ?is picture is ! spl5dor ( its silk5 dresses3 &1 9 p>ticul>1 !re 0 a piece ( :ite brocade1 ) designs ^u x 9 gold1 :i* x 0 "o ( my *ief objects 9 /opp+ at ,tur9 to copy4 ,y may1 p]haps1 be surpris$ at ?is2 b ,i mu/ j note 9 pass+1 t ,i %>e ?is weakness ( enjoy+ dress patt]ns ) all good /ud5ts & all good pa9t]s4 ,x doesn't matt] :at s*ool !y belong to1--,fra ,angelico1 ,p]ug9o1 ,john ,bell9i1 ,giorgione1 ,titian1 ,t9toret1 ,v]onese1 ,leon>do da ,v9ci--no matt] h[ !y diff] 9 o!r respects1 all ( !m l dress patt]ns2 & :at is m1 ! nobl] ! pa9t] is1 ! sur] he is to d 8 patt]ns well4 #aa4 ,i /ay$ !n1 z ,i say1 to make a /udy ( ?is :ite brocade4 ,x g5]ally happ5s 9 public gall]ies t ! be/ pictures are ! wor/ plac$2 & ?is ,v]onese is n only hung at consid]able height above ! eye1 b ov] a door1 ?r\gh :i*1 h[ev]1 z all ! visitors to ! gall]y mu/ pass1 !y _c easily ov]look ! picture1 ?\gh !y w\ld f9d great difficulty 9 exam9+ x4 ,beside ?is door1 ,i _h a /age erect$ = my "w1 :i* be+ ( "s height & r 9 a corn]1 enabl$ me to obs]ve1 )\t be+ obs]v$ myself1 ! impression made by ! picture on ! v>i\s visitors4 ,x seem$ to me t if ev] a "w ( ,art caught popul> att5tion1 ?is ought to d s4 ,x 0 ( v l>ge size2 ( brilliant color1 & ( agreeable subject4 ,!re are ab\t tw5ty figures 9 x1 ! pr9cipal ones be+ life size3 t ( ,solomon1 ?\gh 9 ! %ade1 is by f> ! mo/ p]fect conception ( ! "y k+ 9 8 pride ( wisdom & beauty :i* ,i "k 9 ! range ( ,italian art2 ! que5 is "o ( ! lovelie/ ( ,v]onese's female figures2 all ! accessories are full ( grace & imag9ation2 & ! f9i% ( ! :ole s p]fect t "o day ,i 0 upw>ds ( two h\rs va9ly try+ to r5d]1 ) p]fect accuracy1 ! curves ( two leaves ( ! brocad$ silk4 ,! ,engli% travel]s us$ to walk ?r\gh ! room 9 consid]able numb]s2 & 7 inv>iably direct$ to ! picture by _! laquais de place1 if !y miss$ see+ x !mselves4 ,& to ?is pa9t+--9 :i* x took me six weeks to exam9e rightly two figures--,i f\nd t on an av]age1 ! ,engli% travel] :o 0 do+ ,italy consci5ti\sly1 & see+ ev]y?+ z he ?\ght he ought1 gave ab\t half or ?ree-qu>t]s ( a m9ute2 b ! fly+ or fa%ionable travel]1 :o came to d z mu* z he c\ld 9 a giv5 "t1 nev] gave m ?an a s+le glance1 mo/ ( su* p turn+ aside in/antly to a bad l&scape hung on ! "r1 conta9+ a vigor\sly pa9t$ :ite wall1 & an opaque gre5 moat4 ,:at especially impress$ me1 h[ev]1 0 t none ( ! ladies ev] /opp$ to look at ! dresses 9 ! ,v]onese4 ,c]ta9ly !y 7 f> m beautiful ?an any 9 ! %ops 9 ! great squ>e1 yet no "o ev] notic$ !m4 ,sometimes :5 any nice1 %>p-look+1 bright-ey$ girl came into ! room1 ,i us$ to wat* h] all ! way1 ?9k+--,come1 at lea/ y'll see :at ! ,que5 ( ,%eba has got on4 ,b no--on %e w\ld come c>elessly1 ) a little toss ( ! head1 app>5tly signify+ no?+ 9 ?is room wor? look+ at--except myself1 & s trip ?r\gh ! door1 & away4 #ab4 ,! fact is1 we don't c>e = pictures3 9 v de$ we don't4 ,! ,academy exhibition is a ?+ to talk ( & to amuse vacant h\rs2 ^? :o are ri* among/ u buy a pa9t+ or two1 = mix$ reasons1 sometimes to fill ! corn] ( a passage--sometimes to help ! draw+-room talk be=e d9n]--sometimes because ! pa9t] is fa%ionable--occasionally because he is poor--n unfrequ5tly t we may h a collection ( specim5s ( pa9t+1 z we h specim5s ( m9]als or butt]flies--& 9 ! be/ & r>e/ case ( all1 because we h really1 z we call x1 tak5 a fancy to ! picture2 mean+ ! same sort ( fancy :i* "o w\ld take to a pretty arm-*air or a newly-%ap$ decant]4 ,b z = real love ( ! picture1 & joy ( x :5 we h got x1 ,i d n believe x is felt by "o 9 a ?\s&4 #ac4 ,i am afraid ?is apa?y ( ours w n be easily conqu]$2 b ev5 suppos+ x %\ld1 & t we %\ld beg9 to enjoy pictures prop]ly1 & t ! supply ( good ones increas$ z 9 t case x w\ld increase--!n comes ano!r "q4 ,p]haps "s ( my he>]s ?is ev5+ may occasionally h he>d x /at$ ( me t ,i am r apt to contradict myself4 ,i hope ,i am exce$+ly apt to d s4 ,i nev] met ) a "q yet1 ( any importance1 :i* did n ne$1 = ! "r solution ( x1 at lea/ "o positive & "o negative answ]1 l an equation ( ! second degree4 ,mo/ly1 matt]s ( any consequ5ce are ?ree-sid$1 or f\r-sid$1 or polygonal2 & ! trott+ r\nd a polygon is sev]e "w = p any way /iff 9 _! op9ions4 ,= myself1 ,i am nev] satisfi$ t ,i h h&l$ a subject prop]ly till ,i h contradict$ myself at lea/ ?ree times3 b once mu/ d = ?is ev5+4 ,i h j said t !re is no *ance ( our gett+ good ,art unless we delight 9 x3 next ,i say1 & j z positively1 t !re is no *ance ( our gett+ good ,art unless we resi/ our delight 9 x4 ,we mu/ love x fir/1 & re/ra9 our love = x aft]w>ds4 #ad4 ,?is s\nds /range2 & yet ,i assure y x is true4 ,9 fact1 :5ev] any?+ does n s\nd /range1 y may g5]ally d\bt its be+ true2 = all tru? is wond]ful4 ,b take an in/ance 9 physical matt]s1 ( ! same k9d ( contradiction4 ,suppose y 7 expla9+ to a "y /ud5t 9 a/ronomy h[ ! e>? 0 kept /eady 9 its orbit2 y w\ld h to /ate to him--w\ld y n8--t ! e>? always _h a t5d5cy to fall to ! sun2 & t also x always _h a t5d5cy to fly away f ! sun4 ,^! are two precisely contr>y /atem5ts = him to dige/ at 8 leisure1 be=e he c und]/& h[ ! e>? moves4 ,n[1 9 l mann]1 :5 ,art is set 9 its true & s]viceable c\rse1 x moves "u ! lum9\s attraction ( pleasure on ! "o side1 & ) a /\t moral purpose ( go+ ab\t "s useful bus9ess on ! o!r4 ,if ! arti/ works )\t delight1 he passes away into space1 & p]i%es ( cold3 if he works only = delight1 he falls into ! sun1 & ext+ui%es himself 9 a%es4 ,on ! :ole1 ?is la/ is ! fate1 ,i d n say ! mo/ to be fe>$1 b :i* ,art has g5]ally hi!rto suff]$1 & :i* ! great nations ( ! e>? h suff]$ ) x4 #ae4 ,=1 :ile mo/ di/9ctly y may p]ceive 9 pa/ hi/ory t ,art has nev] be5 produc$1 except by nations :o took pleasure 9 x1 j z assur$ly1 & ev5 m pla9ly1 y may p]ceive t ,art has always de/roy$ ! p[] & life ( ^? :o pursu$ x = pleasure only4 ,surely ?is fact mu/ h /ruck y z y glanc$ at ! c>e] ( ! great nations ( ! e>?3 surely x mu/ h occurr$ to y z a po9t = s]i\s que/ion+1 h[ f>1 ev5 9 our days1 we 7 wise 9 promot+ ! advancem5t ( pleasures :i* appe>$ z yet only to h corrupt$ ! s\ls & numb$ ! /r5g? ( ^? :o atta9$ to !m4 ,i h be5 compla9+ ( ,engl& t %e despises ! ,arts2 b ,i might1 ) /ill m appe>ance ( ju/ice1 compla9 t %e does n r dread !m ?an despise4 ,=1 :at has be5 ! s\rce ( ! ru9 ( nations s9ce ! _w began8 ,has x be5 plague1 or fam9e1 e>?quake-%ock or volcano-flame8 ,none ( ^! ev] prevail$ aga9/ a great p1 s z to make _! "n pass f ! e>?4 ,9 e p]iod & place ( national decl9e1 y w f9d o!r causes ?an ^! at "w to br+ x ab\t1 namely1 luxury1 effem9acy1 love ( pleasure1 f95ess 9 ,art1 +5uity 9 enjoym5t4 ,:at is ! ma9 lesson :i*1 z f> z we seek any 9 our classical read+1 we ga!r = our y\? f anci5t hi/ory8 ,surely ?is--t simplicity ( life1 ( language1 & ( mann]s gives /r5g? to a nation2 & t luxuri\sness ( life1 subtlety ( language1 & smoo?ness ( mann]s br+ weakness & de/ruction on a nation4 ,:ile m5 possess little & desire less1 !y rema9 brave & noble3 :ile !y are scornful ( all ! arts ( luxury1 & are 9 ! sight ( o!r nations z b>b>ians1 _! swords are irresi/ible & _! sway illimitable3 b let !m become s5sitive to ! ref9em5ts ( ta/e1 & quick 9 ! capacities ( pleasure1 & t in/ant ! f+]s t _h grasp$ ! iron rod1 fail f ! gold5 scept]4 ,y _c *>ge me ) any exagg]ation 9 ?is matt]2 x is impossible to /ate ! tru? too /rongly1 or z too univ]sal4 ,=ev] y w see ! rude & simple nation at once m virtu\s & m victori\s ?an "o practic$ 9 ! arts4 ,wat* h[ ! ,lydian is ov]?r[n by ! ,p]sian2 ! ,p]sian by ! ,a!nian2 ! ,a!nian by ! ,sp>tan2 !n ! :ole ( poli%$ ,greece by ! r\gh] ,roman2 ! ,roman1 9 8 turn ref9$1 only to be cru%$ by ! ,go?3 & at ! turn+ po9t ( ! middle ages1 ! lib]ty ( ,europe fir/ ass]t$1 ! virtues ( ,*ri/ianity be/ practic$1 & its doctr9es be/ atte/$1 by a h&ful ( m\nta9 %eph]ds1 )\t art1 )\t lit]ature1 almo/ )\t a language1 yet rema9+ unconqu]$ 9 ! mid/ ( ! ,teutonic *ivalry1 & uncorrupt$ amid/ ! hi]>*ies ( ,rome4#fj #af4 ,i 0 /rangely /ruck by ?is great fact dur+ ! c\rse ( a j\rney la/ summ] among ! nor!rn vales ( ,switz]l&4 ,my m9d _h be5 turn$ to ! subject ( ! ultimate effects ( ,art on national m9d be=e ,i left ,engl&1 & ,i w5t /raight to ! *ief fields ( ,swiss hi/ory3 fir/ to ! c5t] ( h] feudal p[]1 ,hapsburg1 ! hawk's ne/ f :i* ! ,swiss ,rodolph rose to f\nd ! ,au/rian empire2 & !n to ! he>t ( h] republicanism1 t little gl5 ( ,morg>t51 :]e fir/ 9 ! hi/ory ( ,europe ! %eph]d's /aff prevail$ ov] ! soldi]'s spe>4 ,& x 0 some:at depress+ to me to f9d1 z day by day ,i f\nd m c]ta9ly1 t ?is p :i* fir/ ass]t$ ! lib]ties ( ,europe1 & fir/ conceiv$ ! idea ( equitable laws1 0 9 all !--%all ,i call !m ! slight]1 or ! high]8--s5sibilities ( ! human m9d1 utt]ly defici5t2 & n only _h rema9$ f its e>lie/ ages till n[1 )\t poetry1 )\t ,art1 & )\t music1 except a m]e modulat$ cry2 b z f> z ,i c\ld judge f ! rude ef=ts ( _! e>ly monum5ts1 w\ld h be51 at ! "t ( _! greate/ national probity & p[]1 incapable ( produc+ good poetry or ,art "u any circum/ances ( education4 #ag4 ,i say1 ?is 0 a sad ?+ = me to f9d4 ,& !n1 to m5d ! matt]1 ,i w5t /raight ov] into ,italy1 & came at once ^u a curi\s in/ance ( ! patronage ( ,art1 ( ! "* t usually incl9es mo/ to su* patronage1 & ( ! consequ5ces !re(4 ,f ,morg>t5 & ,grutli1 ,i int5d$ to h cross$ to ! ,vaudois ,valleys1 to exam9e ! %eph]d "* !re2 b on ! way ,i _h to pass ?r\gh ,tur91 :]e unexpect$ly ,i f\nd ! ,paul ,v]oneses1 "o ( :i*1 z ,i told y j n[1 /ay$ me at once = six weeks4 ,naturally en\gh1 "o ask$ h[ ^! beautiful ,v]oneses came !re3 & f\nd !y _h be5 commission$ by ,c>d9al ,maurice ( ,savoy4 ,wor?y ,c>d9al1 ,i ?\ght3 t's :at ,c>d9als 7 made =4 ,h[ev]1 go+ a little f>!r 9 ! gall]y1 "o comes ^u f\r v graceful pictures by ,albani--^! also commission$ by ! ,c>d9al1 & commission$ ) special directions1 accord+ to ! ,c>d9al's fancy4 ,f\r pictures1 to be illu/rative ( ! f\r elem5ts4 #ah4 ,"o ( ! mo/ curi\s ?+s 9 ! m9d ( ! p ( t c5tury is _! delight 9 ^! f\r elem5ts1 & 9 ! f\r seasons4 ,!y _h h>dly any o!r idea ( decorat+ a room1 or ( *oos+ a subject = a picture1 ?an by "s r5ew$ ref]5ce to fire & wat]1 or summ] & w9t]2 nor 7 ev] tir$ ( he>+ t summ] came aft] spr+1 & t air 0 n e>?1 until ^! int]e/+ pieces ( in=mation got f9ally & poetically express$ 9 t well-kn[n piece ( elegant ,engli% conv]sation ab\t ! wea!r1 ,?omson's ,seasons4 ,s ! ,c>d9al1 n appe>+ to h any bett] idea ?an ! popul> "o1 ord]s ! f\r elem5ts2 b ?9k+ t ! elem5ts pure w\ld be slightly dull1 he ord]s !m1 9 "o way or ano!r1 to be mix$ up ) ,cupids2 to h1 9 8 own words1 una copiosa quantita di ,amor9i4 ,albani suppli$ ! ,c>d9al accord+ly ) ,cupids 9 clu/]s3 !y hang 9 ! sky l bun*es ( *]ries2 & leap out ( ! sea l fly+ fi%2 gr[ out ( ! e>? 9 fairy r+s2 & explode out ( ! fire l squibs4 ,no "w :atsoev] is done 9 any ( ! f\r elem5ts1 b by ! ,c>d9al's ,cupids4 ,!y are pl[+ ! e>? ) _! arr[s2 fi%+ 9 ! sea ) _! b[/r+s2 driv+ ! cl\ds ) _! brea?2 & fann+ ! fire ) _! w+s4 ,a few beautiful nymphs are assi/+ !m "h & !re 9 pe>l-fi%+1 fl[]-ga!r+1 & o!r su* bran*es ( graceful indu/ry2 ! moral ( ! :ole be+1 t ! sea 0 made = its pe>ls1 ! e>? = its fl[]s1 & all ! _w = pleasure4 #ai4 ,well1 ! ,c>d9al1 ?is great enc\rag] ( ! arts1 hav+ ^! indu/rial & social !ories1 c>ri$ !m out 9 practice1 z y may p]haps rememb]1 by obta9+ a disp5sation f ! ,pope to m>ry 8 own niece1 & build+ a villa = h] on "o ( ! slopes ( ! pretty hills :i* rise to ! ea/ ( ! city4 ,! villa :i* he built is n[ "o ( ! pr9cipal objects ( int]e/ to ! travel] z an example ( ,italian dome/ic ar*itecture3 to me1 dur+ my /ay 9 ! city1 x 0 mu* m ?an an object ( int]e/2 = its des]t$ g>d5s 7 by mu* ! pleasante/ place ,i c\ld f9d = walk+ or ?9k+ 91 9 ! hot summ] aft]noons4 ,i say ?9k+1 = ^! g>d5s (t5 gave me a good deal to ?9k ab\t4 ,!y are1 z ,i told y1 on ! slope ( ! hill above ! city1 to ! ea/2 comm&+1 !re=e1 ! view ov] x & beyond x1 we/w>d--a view :i*1 p]haps1 ( all ^? t c be obta9$ nor? ( ! ,ap5n9es1 gives ! mo/ compreh5sive idea ( ! nature ( ,italy1 consid]$ z "o great c\ntry4 ,if y glance at ! map1 y w obs]ve t ,tur9 is plac$ 9 ! c5t] ( ! cresc5t :i* ! ,alps =m r\nd ! bas9 ( ,pi$mont2 x is )9 t5 miles ( ! foot ( ! m\nta9s at ! ne>e/ po9t2 & f t po9t ! *a9 ext5ds half r\nd ! city 9 "o unbrok5 ,moori% cresc5t1 =m+ ?ree-f\r?s ( a circle f ! ,col de ,t5de to ! ,/4 ,go?>d2 t is to say1 j two hundr$ miles ( ,alps1 z ! bird flies4 ,i don't speak rhetorically or c>elessly2 ,i speak z ,i ought to speak "h--) ma!matical precision4 ,take ! scale on y\r map2 measure fifty miles ( x accurately2 try t measure f ! ,col de ,t5de to ! ,/4 ,go?>d1 & y w f9d t f\r cords ( fifty miles w n q rea* to ! two extremities ( ! curve4 #bj4 ,y see1 !n1 f ?is spot1 ! pla9 ( ,pi$mont1 on ! nor? & s\?1 lit]ally z f> z ! eye c rea*2 s t ! pla9 t]m9ates z ! sea does1 ) a level blue l9e1 only tuft$ ) woods in/ead ( waves1 & cr[d$ ) t[]s ( cities in/ead ( %ips4 ,!n 9 ! lum9\s air beyond & beh9d ?is blue horizon-l9e1 /&1 z x 71 ! %ad[s ( m\nta9s1 !y !mselves d>k1 = ! s\!rn slopes ( ! ,alps ( ! ,lago ,maggiore & ,bell9zona are all )\t sn[2 b ! light ( ! unse5 sn[fields1 ly+ level beh9d ! visible peaks1 is s5t up ) /range reflection ^u ! cl\ds2 an ev]la/+ light ( calm ,aurora 9 ! nor?4 ,!n1 high] & high] ar\nd ! approa*+ d>kness ( ! pla91 rise ! c5tral *a9s1 n z on ! ,switz]'s side1 a recognizable gr\p & foll[+ ( successive & sep>ate hills1 b a wild]ness ( jagg$ peaks1 ca/ 9 passionate & fi]ce pr(usion along ! circumf]5ce ( heav52 precipice beh9d precipice1 & gulf beyond gulf1 fill$ ) ! flam+ ( ! sunset1 & =m+ mighty *annels = ! fl[+s ( ! cl\ds1 :i* roll up aga9/ !m out ( ! va/ ,italian pla91 =c$ toge!r by ! n>r[+ cresc5t1 & break+ up at la/ aga9/ ! ,alp9e wall 9 t[]s ( spectral spray2 or sweep+ up its rav9es ) long moans ( compla9+ ?und]4 ,out f betwe5 ! cl\dy pill>s1 z !y pass1 em]ge =ev] ! great battlem5ts ( ! memorable & p]petual hills3 ,viso1 ) h] %eph]d-witnesses to anci5t fai?2 ,rocca-,melone1 ! highe/ place ( ,alp9e pilgrimage2#fa ,is]an1 :o %$ h] burial %eets ( sn[ ab\t ! m>* ( ,hannibal2 ,c5is1 :o %one ) h] glaci] light on ! desc5t ( ,*>lemagne2 ,p>adiso1 :o wat*$ ) h] opposite cre/ ! /oop ( ! ,fr5* eagle to ,m>5go2 & und]nea? all ^!1 ly+ 9 h] s(t languor1 ?is t5d] ,italy1 lapp$ 9 dews ( sleep1 or m ?an sleep--"o kn[s n if x is trance1 f :i* morn+ %all yet roll ! bl9d+ mi/s away1 or if ! fair %ad[s ( h] quietude are inde$ ! %ades ( purple dea?4 ,&1 lift$ a little above ?is solemn pla91 & look+ beyond x to its sn[y ramp>ts1 va9ly gu>dian1 /&s ?is palace d$icate to pleasure1 ! :ole leg5d ( ,italy's pa/ hi/ory writt5 be=e x by ! f+] ( ,god1 writt5 z ) an iron p5 ^u ! rock =ev]1 on all ^? front+ walls ( reproa*ful ,alp2 blazon$ 9 gold ( lightn+ ^u ! cl\ds t /ill op5 & close _! unseal$ scrolls 9 heav52 pa9t$ 9 purple & sc>let ^u ! mighty missal pages ( sunset aft] sunset1 spread va9ly be=e a nation's eyes = a nation's pray]4 ,s /&s ?is palace ( pleasure2 desolate z x des]ves--desolate 9 smoo? corridor & glitt]+ *amb]--desolate 9 plea*$ walk & plant$ b[]--desolate 9 t wor/ & bitt]e/ ab&onm5t :i* leaves no light ( memory4 ,no ru9s are "h ( walls r5t by w>1 & fall+ above _! def5d]s into m\nds ( graves3 no remnants are "h ( *apel-alt>1 or temple por*1 left %att]$ or sil5t by ! p[] ( "s pur] wor%ip3 no ve/iges are "h ( sacr$ he>? & sweet home/ead1 left lonely ?r\gh vicissitudes ( fate1 & heav5-s5t sorr[4 ,no?+ is "h b ! va9 app>el+s ( pride sunk into di%onor1 & va9 appanages ( delight n[ no m delightsome4 ,! hill-wat]s1 t once fl[$ & pla%$ 9 ! g>d5 f\nta9s1 n[ trickle sadly ?r\gh ! we$s t encumb] _! bas9s1 ) a s\nd z ( te>s3 ! creep+1 insidi\s1 neglect$ fl[]s weave _! burn+ nets ab\t ! :ite m>ble ( ! balu/rades1 & r5d !m sl[ly1 block f block1 & /one f /one3 ! ?91 sweet-sc5t$ leaves tremble along ! old masonry jo9ts z if ) palsy at e breeze2 & ! d>k li*5s1 gold5 & gray1 make ! footfall sil5t 9 ! pa?'s c5t]4 ,& day by day z ,i walk$ !re1 ! same s5t5ce seem$ :isp]$ by e %ak+ leaf1 & e dy+ e*o1 ( g>d5 & *amb]4 ,?us end all ! arts ( life1 only 9 dea?2 & ?us issue all ! gifts ( man1 only 9 8 di%onor1 :5 !y are pursu$ or possess$ 9 ! s]vice ( pleasure only4 #ba4 ,?is !n is ! great enigma ( ,art ,hi/ory1--y mu/ n foll[ ,art )\t pleasure1 nor mu/ y foll[ x = ! sake ( pleasure4 ,& ! solution ( t enigma is simply ?is fact2 t :]ev] ,art has be5 foll[$ only = ! sake ( luxury or delight1 x has contribut$1 & l>gely contribut$1 to br+ ab\t ! de/ruction ( ! nation practic+ x3 b :]ev] ,art has be5 us$ also to tea* any tru?1 or suppos$ tru?--religi\s1 moral1 or natural--!re x has elevat$ ! nation practic+ x1 & itself ) ! nation4 #bb4 ,?us ! ,art ( ,greece rose1 & did s]vice to ! p1 s long z x 0 to !m ! e>ne/ int]pret] ( a religion !y believ$ 93 ! ,arts ( nor!rn sculpture & ar*itecture rose1 z int]pret]s ( ,*ri/ian leg5d & doctr9e3 ! ,art ( pa9t+ 9 ,italy1 n only z religi\s1 b also ma9ly z expressive ( tru?s ( moral philosophy1 & p[]ful 9 pure human portraiture4 ,! only great pa9t]s 9 our s*ools ( pa9t+ 9 ,engl& h ei!r be5 ( portrait--,reynolds & ,ga9sbor\gh2 ( ! philosophy ( social life--,hog>?2 or ( ! facts ( nature 9 l&scape--,wilson & ,turn]4 ,9 all ^! cases1 if ,i _h "t1 ,i c\ld %[ y t ! success ( ! pa9t] dep5d$ on 8 desire to convey a tru?1 r ?an to produce a m]ely beautiful picture2 t is to say1 to get a lik5ess ( a man1 or ( a place2 to get "s moral pr9ciple rightly /at$1 or "s hi/orical "* rightly describ$1 r ?an m]ely to give pleasure to ! eyes4 ,comp>e ! feel+ ) :i* a ,moori% ar*itect decorat$ an ar* ( ! ,alhambra1 ) t ( ,hog>? pa9t+ ! ,m>riage a la ,mode1 or ( ,wilkie pa9t+ ! ,*elsea ,p5sion]s1 & y w at once feel ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,art pursu$ = pleasure only1 & = ! sake ( "s useful pr9ciple or impression4 #bc4 ,b :at y might n s easily disc]n is1 t ev5 :5 pa9t+ does appe> to h be5 pursu$ = pleasure only1 if ev] y f9d x rise to any noble level1 y w also f9d t a /]n se>* aft] tru? has be5 at ! root ( its nobl5ess4 ,y may fancy1 p]haps1 t ,titian1 ,v]onese1 & ,t9toret 7 pa9t]s = ! sake ( pleasure only3 b 9 reality !y 7 ! only pa9t]s :o ev] s\ght entirely to ma/]1 & :o did entirely ma/]1 ! tru?s ( light & %ade z associat$ ) color1 9 ! noble/ ( all physical creat$ ?+s1 ! human =m4 ,!y 7 ! only m5 :o ev] pa9t$ ! human body2 all o!r pa9t]s ( ! great s*ools are m]e anatomical draughtsm5 comp>$ to !m2 r mak]s ( maps ( ! body1 ?an pa9t]s ( x4 ,! ,v5etians alone1 by a toil almo/ sup]-human1 succe$$ at la/ 9 obta9+ a p[] almo/ sup]-human2 & 7 able f9ally to pa9t ! highe/ visible "w ( ,god ) unexagg]at$ /ructure1 undegrad$ color1 & unaffect$ ge/ure4 ,x seems little to say ?is2 b ,i assure y x is mu* to h done ?is--s mu*1 t no o!r m5 b ! ,v5etians ev] did x3 none ( !m ev] pa9t$ ! human body )\t 9 "s degree c>icatur+ ! anatomy1 =c+ ! action1 or degrad+ ! hue4 #bd4 ,n[1 !re=e1 ! sum ( all is1 t y :o wi% to enc\rage ,art 9 ,engl& h to d two ?+s ) x3 y mu/ delight 9 x1 9 ! fir/ place2 & y mu/ get x to s]ve "s s]i\s "w1 9 ! second place4 ,i don't mean by s]i\s1 necess>ily moral3 all t ,i mean by s]i\s is 9 "s way or o!r useful1 n m]ely selfi%1 c>eless1 or indol5t4 ,i _h1 inde$1 int5d$ be=e clos+ my address1 to h trac$ out a few ( ! directions 9 :i*1 z x seems to me1 ,art may be s]i\sly & practically s]viceable to u 9 ! c>e] ( civilization4 ,i _h hop$ to %[ y h[ _m ( ! great ph5om5a ( nature /ill rema9$ unrecord$ by x1 = u to record2 h[ _m ( ! hi/orical monum5ts ( ,europe 7 p]i%+ )\t memorial1 = ! want ( b a little hone/1 simple1 labori\s1 lov+ draughtsman%ip2 h[ _m ( ! mo/ impressive hi/orical ev5ts ( ! day fail$ ( tea*+ u half ( :at !y 7 meant to tea*1 = want ( pa9t]s to repres5t !m fai?fully1 in/ead ( fancifully1 & ) hi/orical tru? = _! aim1 in/ead ( national self-glorification4 ,i _h hop$ to %[ y h[ _m ( ! be/ impulses ( ! he>t 7 lo/ 9 frivolity or s5suality1 = want ( pur] beauty to contemplate1 & ( noble ?\ghts to associate ) ! f]vor ( hall[$ human passion2 h[1 f9ally1 a great "p ( ! vital p[] ( our religi\s fai? 0 lo/ 9 u1 = want ( su* art z w\ld realize 9 "s rational1 probable1 believable way1 ^? ev5ts ( sacr$ hi/ory :i*1 z !y visibly & intelligibly occurr$1 may also be visibly & intelligibly repres5t$4 ,b all ?is ,i d>e n d yet4 ,i felt1 z ,i ?\ght ov] ^! ?+s1 t ! "t 0 n yet come = _! decl>ation3 ! "t w come = x1 & ,i believe soon2 b z yet1 ! man w\ld only lay himself op5 to ! *>ge ( vanity1 ( imag9ation1 & ( idle fondness ( hope1 :o %\ld v5ture to trace 9 words ! c\rse ( ! high] bless+s :i* ! ,arts may h yet 9 /ore = mank9d4 ,z yet !re is no ne$ to d s3 all t we h to plead = is an e>ne/ & /raight=w>d ex]tion 9 ^? c\rses ( /udy :i* are op5$ to u day by day1 believ+ only t !y are to be foll[$ gravely & = grave purposes1 z by m51 & n by *ildr54 ,i appeal1 f9ally1 to all ^? :o are to become ! pupils ( ^! s*ools1 to keep cle> ( ! notion ( foll[+ ,art z dilettantism3 x ought to delight y1 z y\r read+ delights y--b y nev] ?9k ( y\r read+ z dilettantism4 ,x ought to delight y z y\r /udies ( physical sci5ce delight y--b y don't call physical sci5ce dilettantism4 ,if y are det]m9$ only to ?9k ( ,art z a play or a pleasure1 give x up at once3 y w d no good to y\rselves1 & y w degrade ! pursuit 9 ! sight ( o!rs4 ,bett]1 inf9itely bett]1 t y %\ld nev] ent] a picture gall]y1 ?an t y %\ld ent] only to saunt] & to smile3 bett]1 inf9itely bett]1 t y %\ld nev] h&le a p5cil at all1 ?an h&le x only = ! sake ( complac5cy 9 y\r small dext]ity3 bett]1 inf9itely bett]1 t y %\ld be :olly un9t]e/$ 9 pictures1 & un9=m$ respect+ !m1 ?an t y %\ld j "k en\gh to detect blemi%es 9 great works1--to give a color ( reasonabl5ess to presumption1 & an appe>ance ( acut5ess to misund]/&+4 ,above all1 ,i w\ld plead = ?is s f> z ! tea*+ ( ^! s*ools may be address$ to ! junior ,memb]s ( ! ,univ]sity4 ,m5 employ$ 9 any k9d ( manual labor1 by :i* !y mu/ live1 are n likely to take up ! notion t !y c le>n any o!r art = amusem5t only2 b amateurs are3 & x is ( ! highe/ importance1 nay1 x is j ! "o ?+ ( all importance1 to %[ !m :at draw+ really means2 & n s mu* to tea* !m to produce a good "w !mselves1 z to "k x :5 !y see x done by o!rs4 ,good "w1 9 ! /]n s5se ( ! ^w1 z ,i be=e said1 no m]e amateur c d2 & good "w1 9 any s5se1 t is to say1 pr(itable "w = himself or = anyone else1 he c only d by be+ made 9 ! beg9n+ to see :at is possible = him1 & :at n2--:at is accessible1 & :at n2 & by hav+ ! maje/y & /]nness ( ! ev]la/+ laws ( fact set be=e him 9 _! inf9itude4 ,x is no matt] = appall+ him3 ! man is great already :o is made well capable ( be+ appall$2 nor d we ev5 wisely hope1 nor truly und]/&1 till we are humiliat$ by our hope1 & awe-/ruck by our und]/&+4 ,nay1 ,i w g f>!r ?an ?is1 & say boldly1 t :at y h ma9ly to tea* ! "y m5 "h is1 n s mu* :at !y c d1 z :at !y _c2--to make !m see h[ mu* !re is 9 nature :i* _c be imitat$1 & h[ mu* 9 man :i* _c be emulat$4 ,he only c be truly said to be educat$ 9 ,art to :om all 8 "w is only a feeble sign ( glories :i* he _c convey1 & a feeble means ( measur+1 ) ev]-enl>g+ admiration1 ! great & untrav]sable gulf :i* ,god has set betwe5 ! great & ! common intellig5ces ( mank9d3 & all ! triumphs ( ,art :i* man c commonly a*ieve are only truly cr[n$ by pure delight 9 natural sc5es !mselves1 & by ! sacr$ & self-=getful v5]ation :i* c be nobly aba%$1 & trembl+ly exalt$1 9 ! pres5ce ( a human _s great] ?an 8 own4 ,,footnotes3 #eh ,?is ,address has be5 already pr9t$ 9 ?ree =ms1--7a7 9 a pamphlet pr9t$ at ,cambridge = ! committee ( ! ,s*ool ( ,art1 by ,naylor ,co41 ,*ronicle (fice1 #aheh2 7b7 9 a second pamphlet1 ,cambridge1 ,deighton ,bell2 ,london1 ,bell ,daldy1 #aheh2 & 7c7 a new edition1 publi%$ = ,mr4 ,rusk9 by ,mr4 ,george ,all5 9 #ahgi4 ,! fir/ ( ^! pamphlets conta9s1 9 addition to ! address1 a full acc\nt ( ! inaugural soiree at :i* x 0 read1 & a report ( spee*es !n made by ,mr4 ,r$grave1 ,r4,a41 & ,mr4 ,george ,cruik%ank2 & bo? ! fir/ & second pamphlet also conta9 a few introductory words spok51 by ,mr4 ,rusk91 be=e proce$+ to deliv] 8 address4--,,ed4 #ei ,see ,a ,joy ,= ,ev]1 ,sec4 #aac1 & ,"t & ,tide1 ,sec4 #gh4--;,,ed4 #fj ,i ought p]haps to rem9d ! read] t ?is /atem5t ref]s to two diff]5t societies among ! ,alps2 ! ,wald5ses 9 ! #ac?1 & ! p ( ! ,=e/ ,cantons 9 ! #ad? & foll[+ c5turies4 ,prote/ants are p]haps apt sometimes to =get t ! virtues ( ^! m\nta9e]s 7 %[n 9 connection ) vital =ms ( oppos+ religions2 & t ! patriots ( ,s*wytz & ,uri 7 z zeal\s ,roman ,ca?olics z !y 7 good soldi]s4 ,we h to lay to _! *>ge ! dea? ( ,zu+lius z well z ( ,gessl]4 #fa ,! summit ( ,rocca-,melone is ! %>p peak se5 f ,tur9 on ! "r h& ( ! gorge ( ! ,c5is1 dom9ant ov] ! l[ project+ pyramid ( ! hill call$ by ,de ,saussure ,montagne de ,mus9et4 ,rocca-,melone rises to a height ( #aa1jjj feet above ! sea1 & its peak is a place ( pilgrimage to ?is day1 ?\gh x seems tempor>ily to h ceas$ to be s 9 ! "t ( ,de ,saussure1 :o ?us speaks ( x3 ,il y a eu p5dant longtemps sur cette cime1 une petite *apelle avec une image de ,notre ,dame qui etoit en gr&e v5]ation dans le pays1 et ou un gr& nombre de g5s alloi5t au mois d'a\t en procession1 de ,suze et des environs2 mais le s5ti] qui conduit a cette *apelle e/ si etroit et si scabreux qu'il n'y avoit presque pas d'annees qu'il n'y p]it du monde2 la fatigue et la r>ete de l'air saisissoi5t ceux qui avoi5t plutot consulte leur devotion que leurs =ces2 ils tomb]5t en defalliance1 et de la dans le precipice4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,art4 ,v4 ,,! ,,ce/us ,,( ,,aglaia4 7,art ,j\rnal1 ,janu>y-,july #ahfe2 ,janu>y1 ,febru>y1 & ,april #ahff47 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,ce/us ,,( ,,aglaia4 ,greek3 ,poikilon o eni panta teteu*atai oude se phemi ,aprekton ge nee/hai1 ho ti phresi sesi m5o9as4 7,,hom4 ,il4 xiv4 #bbj-ba47 ,,prefatory4#fb #be4 ,n _m mon?s ago1 a fri5d1 ^: famili>ity ) bo? liv+ & pa/ s*ools ( ,art r5d]$ 8 op9ion ( great au?ority1 said casually to me 9 ! c\rse ( talk1 ,i believe we h n[ z able pa9t]s z ev] liv$2 b !y nev] pa9t z good pictures z 7 once pa9t$4 ,t 0 ! sub/ance ( 8 say+2 ,i =get ! exact words1 b _! t5or surpris$ me1 & ,i h ?\ght mu* ( !m s9ce4 ,)\t press+ ! /atem5t too f>1 or exam9+ x ) an un9t5d$ /rictness1 ?is ,i believe to be at all ev5ts true1 t we h m5 among u1 n[ 9 ,europe1 :o might h be5 noble pa9t]s1 & are n2 m5 ^: do+s are altoge!r z wond]ful 9 skill1 z inexhau/ible 9 fancy1 z ! "w ( ! really great pa9t]s2 & yet ^! do+s ( !irs are n great4 ,%all ,i write ! commonplace t r+s 9 sequ5ce 9 my e>1 & draws on my h&--are n ,great1 = !y are n 79 ! broad human & e?ical s5se7 ,good8 ,i write x1 & ask =giv5ess = ! truism1 ) its impli$ un*>itabl5ess ( blame2 = ?is trite ?+ is ill und]/ood & little ?\ght ^u by any ( u1 & ! impli$ blame is divid$ among u all2 only let me at once p>tly modify x1 & p>tly def9e4 #bf4 ,9 "o s5se1 mod]n ,art has m goodness 9 x ?an ev] ,art _h be=e4 ,its k9dly _s1 its quick sympa?y ) pure dome/ic & social feel+1 ! occasional s]i\sness ( its in/ructive purpose1 & its hone/ ef=t to grasp ! reality ( conceiv$ sc5es1 are all em95tly good1 z comp>$ ) ! insane picturesqu5ess & conv5tional piety ( _m among ! old ma/]s4 ,su* dome/ic pa9t+1 = in/ance1 z ,ri*t]'s 9 ,g]many1 ,edw>d ,fr]e's 9 ,france1 & ,hook's 9 ,engl&1 toge!r ) su* hi/orical & ideal "w z----p]haps ! read] w\ld be (f5d$ ) me 7 ,i to set d[n ! sev]al names t occur to me "h1 s ,i w set d[n "o only1 & say--z t ( ,paul de la ,ro*e2 su* "w1 ,i repeat1 z ^! m5 h done1 or are do+1 is entirely good 9 its influ5ce on ! public m9d2 & may1 9 ?ankful exultation1 be comp>$ ) ! r5d]+s ( besott$1 vici\s1 & vulg> human life p]petrat$ by ,dut* pa9t]s1 or ) ! dea?ful =malism & fallacy ( :at 0 once call$ ,hi/orical ,art4 ,also1 ?is g5tl5ess & v]acity ( !irs1 be+ 9 "p communicable1 are gradually le>n$1 ?\gh 9 a some:at s]vile mann]1 yet n )\t a s9c]e sympa?y1 by _m inf]ior pa9t]s1 s t our exhibitions & curr5tly popul> books are full ( v lovely & pa!tic ideas1 express$ ) a c>e1 & appeal+ to an int]e/1 q unkn[n 9 pa/ times4 ,i w take two in/ances ( m]ely av]age p[]1 z m illu/rative ( :at ,i mean ?an any m s+ul> & di/+ui%$ "w c\ld be4 ,la/ ye>1 9 ! ,briti% ,in/itution1 !re 7 two pictures by ! same pa9t]1 "o ( a dome/ic1 ! o!r ( a sacr$ subject4 ,i w say no?+ ( ! way 9 :i* !y 7 pa9t$2 x may h be5 bad1 or good1 or nei!r3 x is n to my po9t4 ,i wi% to direct att5tion only to ! conception ( !m4 ,"o1 ,cradl$ 9 8 ,call+1 0 ( a fi%]man & 8 wife1 & helpful gr[n-up son1 & helpless new-born little "o2 ! two m5 c>ry+ ! "y *ild up f ! %ore1 rock+ x betwe5 !m 9 ! wet net = a hammock1 ! "m look+ on joy\sly1 & ! baby laugh+4 ,! ?\ght 0 pretty & good1 & "o might g on dream+ ov] x long--n unpr(itably4 ,b ! second picture 0 m int]e/+4 ,i describe x only 9 ! circum/ances ( ! inv5t$ sc5e--sunset aft] ! crucifixion4 ,! bodies h be5 tak5 away1 & ! crosses are left ly+ on ! brok5 e>?2 a gr\p ( *ildr5 h /ray$ up ! hill1 & /opp$ beside !m 9 su* %ad[y awe z is possible to *ildhood1 & !y h pick$ up "o or two ( ! drawn nails to feel h[ %>p !y are4 ,meantime a girl ) h] little bro!r--goat-h]ds bo?--h be5 wat]+ _! flock at ,kidron1 & are driv+ x home4 ,! girl1 /rong 9 grace & honor ( y\?1 c>ry+ h] pit*] ( wat] on h] erect head1 has gone on pa/ ! place /eadily1 m9d+ h] flock2 b h] little curly-head$ bro!r1 ) *eeks ( burn+ ,ea/]n br[n1 has l+]$ beh9d to look1 & is feel+ ! po9t ( "o ( ! nails1 held 9 ano!r *ild's h&4 ,a lovely little kid ( ! goats has /ay$ beh9d to keep him company1 & is amus+ itself by jump+ backw>ds & =w>ds ov] an arm ( ! cross4 ,! si/] looks back1 &1 wond]+ :at he c h /opp$ 9 t dreadful place =1 waves h] h& = ! little boy to come away4 ,i h no hesitation 9 say+ t1 z comp>$ ) ! anci5t & /]eotyp$ conceptions ( ! ,tak+ d[n f ! ,cross1 !re is a liv+ feel+ 9 t picture :i* is ( great price4 ,x may p]haps be weak1 nay1 ev5 sup]ficial1 or unt5able--t w dep5d on ! o!r conditions ( "* out ( :i* x spr+s--b1 s f> z x rea*es1 x is pure & good2 & we may ga9 m by look+ ?\ghtfully at su* a picture ?an at any ev5 ( ! lea/ =mal types ( ! "w ( old] s*ools4 ,x w\ld be unfair to comp>e x ) fir/-rate1 or ev5 approximately fir/-rate designs2 b ev5 accept+ su* unju/ t]ms1 put x beside ,rembr&t's gha/ly :ite %eet1 laid ov] ! two poles at ! ,cross-foot1 & see :i* has mo/ good 9 x = y ( any communicable k9d4 #bg4 ,i tru/1 !n1 t ,i fully admit :atev] may1 on due delib]ation1 be alleg$ 9 favor ( mod]n ,art4 ,nay1 ,i h h]et(ore ass]t$ m = "s mod]n ,art ?an o!rs 7 dispos$ to admit1 nor d ,i )draw "o ^w f su* ass]tion4 ,b :5 all has be5 said & grant$ t may be1 !re rema9s ?is pa9ful fact to be dealt )1--! consci\sness1 namely1 bo? 9 liv+ arti/s !mselves & 9 u _! admir]s1 t some?+1 & t n a little1 is wrong ) u2 t !y1 rel5tlessly exam9$1 c\ld n say !y ?or\ghly knew h[ to pa9t1 & t we1 rel5tlessly exam9$1 c\ld n say we ?or\ghly "k h[ to judge4 ,! be/ ( our pa9t]s w look a little to u1 ! behold]s1 = confirmation ( 8 hav+ done well4 ,we1 appeal$ to1 look to ea* o!r to see :at we ought to say4 ,if we v5ture to f9d fault1 h[ev] submissively1 ! arti/ w probably feel a little uncom=table3 he w by no means v5ture to meet u ) a s]5ely cru%+ ,sir1 x _c be bett] done1 9 ! mann] ( ,alb]t ,du]]4 ,& yet1 if x c\ld n be bett] done1 he1 ( all m51 %\ld "k t be/1 nor fe> to say s2 x is good = himself1 & = u1 t he %\ld ass]t t1 if he kn[s t4 ,! la/ "t my de> old fri5d ,william ,hunt came to see me1 ,i took d[n "o ( 8 e>ly draw+s = him to see 7?ree blue plums & "o amb] "o1 & two nuts74 ,s he look$ at x1 happily1 = a m9ute or two & !n said1 ,well1 x's v nice1 isn't x8 ,i did n ?9k ,i c\ld h done s well4 ,! say+ 0 entirely "r1 exquisitely mode/ & true2 only ,i fe> he w\ld n h _h ! c\rage to ma9ta9 t 8 draw+ 0 good1 if anybody _h be5 !re to say o!rwise4 ,/ill1 hav+ done well1 he knew x2 & :at is m no man ev] does d well )\t kn[+ x3 he may n "k h[ well1 nor be consci\s ( ! be/ ( 8 own qualities2 nor measure1 or c>e to measure1 ! relation ( 8 p[] to t ( o!r m51 b he w "k t :at he has done is1 9 an int5d$1 accompli%$1 & asc]ta9able degree1 good4 ,e able & hone/ workman1 z he w9s a "r to re/1 s he w9s a "r to approval1--8 own if no "o's beside2 nay1 8 only true re/ is 9 ! calm consci\sness t ! ?+ has be5 honorably done--,greek3 suneidesis hoti kalon4 ,i d n use ! ,greek words 9 p$antry1 ,i want !m = future s]vice & int]pretation2 no ,engli% words1 nor any ( any o!r language1 w\ld d z well4 ,= ,i mean to try to %[1 & believe ,i c %[1 t a simple & sure conviction ( our hav+ done rightly is n only an atta9able1 b a necess>y seal & sign ( our hav+ s done2 & t ! do+ well or rightly1 & ill or wrongly1 are bo? conditions ( ! :ole be+ ( ea* p]son1 com+ ( a nature 9 him :i* affects all ?+s t he may d1 f ! lea/ to ! greate/1 accord+ to ! noble old phrase = ! conqu]+ rightness1 ( integrity1 :ol5ess1 or :olesom5ess4 ,s t :5 we d ext]nal ?+s 7t are our bus9ess7 ill1 x is a sign t int]nal1 &1 9 fact1 t all ?+s1 are ill ) u2 & :5 we d ext]nal ?+s well1 x is a sign t int]nal & all ?+s are well ) u4 ,& ,i believe !re are two pr9cipal adv]sities to ?is :olesom5ess ( "w1 & to all else t issues out ( :ol5ess ( inn] "*1 ) :i* we h 9 ^! days specially to cont5d4 ,! fir/ is ! v>iety ( ,art r\nd u1 tempt+ u to ?\ghtless imitation2 ! second our own want ( belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( a rule ( "r4 #bh4 ,i4 ,i say ! fir/ is ! v>iety ( ,art ar\nd u4 ,no man c pursue 8 own track 9 peace1 nor obta9 consi/5t guidance1 if d\btful ( 8 track4 ,all places are full ( inconsi/5t example1 all m\?s ( contradictory advice1 all prospects ( opposite temptations4 ,! "y arti/ sees myriads ( ?+s he w\ld l to d1 b _c le>n f _! au?ors h[ !y 7 done1 nor *oose decisively any me?od :i* he may foll[ ) ! accuracy & confid5ce necess>y to success4 ,he is n ev5 sure if 8 ?\ghts are 8 own2 = ! :ole atmosph]e r\nd him is full ( float+ sugge/ion3 ^? :i* are 8 own he _c keep pure1 = he brea!s a du/ ( decay$ ideas1 wreck ( ! s\ls ( dead nations1 driv5 by contr>y w9ds4 ,he may /iff5 himself 7& all ! worse = him7 into an iron self-w1 b if ! iron has any magnetism 9 x1 he _c pass a day )\t f9d+ himself1 at ! end ( x1 in/ead ( %>p5$ or temp]$1 cov]$ ) a ragg$ fr+e ( iron fil+s4 ,if !re be any?+ bett] ?an iron--liv+ wood fib]--9 him1 he _c be all[$ any natural gr[?1 b gets hack$ 9 e extremity1 & boss$ ov] ) lumps ( froz5 clay2--grafts ( incongru\s blossom t w nev] set2 :ile "s ev5 recognize no ne$ ( knife or clay 7?\gh bo? are good 9 a g>d5]'s h&71 b deck !mselves out ) incongru\s glitt]+1 l a ,*ri/mas-tree4 ,ev5 7 ! /yle *os5 true to 8 own nature1 & p]si/$ 91 !re is h>m 9 ! v em95ce ( ! models set be=e him at ! beg9n+ ( 8 c>e]4 ,if he feels _! p[]1 !y make him re/less & impati5t1 x may be despond5t1 x may be madly & fruitlessly ambiti\s4 ,if he does n feel x1 he is sure to be /ruck by :at is weake/ or slighte/ ( _! peculi> qualities2 fancies t ?is is :at !y are prais$ =2 tries to cat* ! trick ( x2 & :atev] easy vice or me*anical habit ! ma/] may h be5 betray$ or w>p$ into1 ! unhappy pupil wat*es & adopts1 triumphant 9 its ease3--has n s5se to /eal ! peacock's fea!r1 b imitates its voice4 ,bett] = him1 f> bett]1 nev] to h se5 :at _h be5 accompli%$ by o!rs1 b to h ga9$ gradually 8 own quiet way1 or at lea/ ) 8 guide only a /ep 9 advance ( him1 & ! lant]n l[ on ! difficult pa?4 ,bett] ev51 x has lately seem$1 to be guideless & lightless2 =tunate ^? :o1 by desolate ef=t1 try+ hi!r & ?i!r1 h grop$ _! way to "s indep5d5t p[]4 ,s1 f ,corni% rock1 f ,/4 ,giles's ,lane1 f ,?ames mud%ore1 y get y\r ,pr\t1 y\r ,hunt1 y\r ,turn]2 n1 inde$1 any ( !m well able to spell ,engli%1 nor taught s mu* ( _! own bus9ess z to lay a color safely2 b yet at la/1 or fir/1 do+ someh[ some?+1 :olly ineffective on ! national m9d1 yet real1 & valu$ at la/ aft] !y are dead1 9 money2--valu$ o!rwise n ev5 at s mu* z ! space ( dead brick wall x w\ld cov]2 _! "w be+ left = ye>s pack$ 9 p>cels at ! ,national ,gall]y1 or hung conclusively out ( sight "u ! %ad[y iron vaults ( ,k5s+ton4 ,! m5 !mselves1 q in>ticulate1 det]m9e no?+ ( _! ,art1 int]pret no?+ ( _! own m9ds2 tea* p]haps a trick or two ( _! /age bus9ess 9 e>ly life--z1 = in/ance1 t x is good :]e !re is mu* black to break x ) :ite1 & :]e !re is mu* :ite to break x ) black1 etc41 etc42 9 lat] life rema9 sil5t altoge!r1 or speak only 9 despair 7fretful or pati5t accord+ to _! "*72 "o :o might h be5 among ! be/ ( !m1#fc ! la/ we he>d (1 f9d+ refuge = an entirely hone/ he>t f a _w :i* decl>es hone/y to be impossible1 only 9 a madness ne>ly z sorr[ful z its own2--! religi\s madness :i* makes a beautiful s\l ludicr\s & ineffectual2 & s passes away1 bequea?+ = our inh]itance f its true & /rong life1 a pretty song ab\t a tig]1 ano!r ab\t a bird-cage1 two or ?ree gold5 c\plets1 :i* no "o w ev] take ! tr\ble to und]/&1--! spiritual portrait ( ! gho/ ( a flea1--& ! critical op9ion t ! unorganiz$ blots ( ,rub5s & ,titian are n ,art4 ,:i* op9ion ! public m9d p]haps n boldly indors+1 is yet incapable ( pron\nc+ adv]sely to x1 t ! said blots ( ,titian & ,rub5s are ,art1 p]ceiv+ = itself little good 9 !m1 & hang+ !m also well out ( its way1 at tops ( walls 7,titian's portrait ( ,*>les ,v4 at ,muni*1 = example2 ,t9toret's ,susannah1 & ,v]onese's ,magdal51 9 ! ,l\vre71 t x may h room & read9ess = :at may be g5]ally t]m$ railroad "w1 be>+ on matt]s m imm$iately 9 h&2 said public look+ to ! pres5t pleasure ( its fancy1 & ! portraiture ( itself 9 (ficial & o!rwise impos+ or ent]ta9+ circum/ances1 z ! only ,"r cognizable by x4 #bi4 ,,ii4 ,& ?is is a deep] s\rce ( evil1 by f>1 ?an ! =m] "o1 = ?\gh x is ill = u to /ra9 t[>ds a "r = :i* we h nev] rip5$ x is worse = u to believe 9 no "r at all4 ,any?+1 we say1 t a clev] man c d to amuse u is good2 :at does n amuse u we d n want4 ,ta/e is assur$ly a frivol\s1 app>5tly a dang]\s gift2 vici\s p]sons & vici\s nations h x2 we are a practical p1 cont5t to "k :at we l1 wise 9 n lik+ x too mu*1 & :5 tir$ ( x1 wise 9 gett+ some?+ we l bett]4 ,pa9t+ is ( c\rse an agreeable ornam5tal ,art1 ma9ta9+ a numb] ( p]sons respectably1 des]v+ !re=e enc\ragem5t1 & gett+ x pecuni>ily1 to a hi!rto unhe>d-( ext5t4 ,:at w\ld y h m8 ,?is is1 ,i believe1 v ne>ly our ,art-cre$4 ,! fact be+ 7v asc]ta9ably by anyone :o w take ! tr\ble to exam9e ! matt]71 t !re is a cultivat$ ,art among all great nations1 inevitably necess>y to !m z ! fulfillm5t ( "o "p ( _! human nature4 ,none b savage nations are )\t ,art1 & civiliz$ nations :o d _! ,art ill1 d x because !re is some?+ deeply wrong at _! he>ts4 ,!y pa9t badly z a p>alyz$ man /amm]s1 because 8 life is t\*$ some:]e )92 :5 ! deep] life is full 9 a p1 !y speak cle>ly & rightly2 pa9t cle>ly & rightly2 ?9k cle>ly & rightly4 ,!re is "s rev]se effect1 b v little4 ,good pictures d n tea* a nation2 !y are ! signs ( its hav+ be5 taught4 ,good ?\ghts d n =m a nation2 x mu/ be =m$ be=e x c ?9k !m4 ,let x once decay at ! he>t1 & its good "w & good ?\ghts w become subtle luxury & aimless sophism2 & x & !y w p]i% toge!r4 #cj4 ,x is my purpose1 !re=e1 9 "s subsequ5t pap]s1 ) su* help z ,i may anywise receive1 to try if !re may n be det]m9$ "s ( ! simple/ laws :i* are inde$ b9d+ on ,art practice & judgm5t4 ,beg9n+ ) elem5t>y pr9ciple1 & proce$+ upw>ds z f> z guid+ laws are disc]nible1 ,i hope to %[1 t if we d n yet "k !m1 !re are at lea/ su* laws to be kn[n1 & t x is ( a deep & intimate importance to any p1 especially to ! ,engli% at ?is "t1 t _! *ildr5 %\ld be s9c]ely taught :atev] arts !y le>n1 & 9 rip] age become capable ( a j *oice & wise pleasure 9 ! accompli%$ works ( ! arti/4 ,b ,i e>ne/ly ask = help 9 ?is task4 ,x is "o :i* c only come to good issue by ! cons5t & aid ( _m ?9k]s2 & ,i w\ld1 ) ! p]mission ( ! ,editor ( ?is ,j\rnal1 invite debate on ! subject ( ea* pap]1 toge!r ) brief & cle> /atem5ts ( cons5t or objection1 ) "n ( cons5t] or objector2 s t aft] c\rte\s discussion _h1 & due correction ( ! orig9al /atem5t1 we may get some?+ at la/ set d[n1 z h>moni\sly believ$ by su* & su* kn[n arti/s4 ,if no?+ c ?us be det]m9$1 at lea/ ! mann] & v>iety ( diss5t w %[ :e!r x is ow+ to ! nature ( ! subject1 or to ! impossibility1 "u pres5t circum/ances1 t diff]5t p]sons %\ld approa* x f simil> po9ts ( view2 & ! inquiry1 :atev] its imm$iate issue1 _c be ultimately fruitless4 ,,footnotes3 #fb ,art ,j\rnal1 ,new ,s]ies1 vol4 iv41 pp4 #e-f4 ,janu>y #ahfe4--;,,ed4 #fc ,see p4 #cec1 ,sec4 #hc1 = a fur!r m5tion ( ,william ,blake4--,,ed4 ,,! ,,ce/us ,,( ,,aglaia ,,*apt] ,i4#fd #ca4 ,our k ( human labor1 if intimate en\gh1 w1 ,i ?9k1 mass x = ! mo/ "p into two k9ds--m9+ & mold+2 ! labor t seeks = ?+s1 & ! labor t %apes !m4 ,( ^! ! la/ %\ld be always ord]ly1 = we ought to h "s conception ( ! :ole ( :at we h to make be=e we try to make any "p ( x2 b ! labor ( seek+ mu/ be (t5 me?odless1 foll[+ ! ve9s ( ! m9e z !y bran*1 or try+ = !m :]e !y are brok54 ,& ! m9e1 :i* we w\ld n[ op5 into ! s\ls ( m51 z !y gov]n ! my/]ies ( _! h&icrafts1 be+ r5t into _m d>k & divid$ ways1 x is n possible to map our "w be=eh&1 or resolve on its directions4 ,we w n attempt to b9d ourselves to any me?odical treatm5t ( our subject1 b w get at ! tru?s ( x "h & !re1 z !y seem extricable2 only1 ?\gh we _c "k to :at dep? we may h to dig1 let u "k cle>ly :at we are digg+ =4 ,we desire to f9d by :at rule "s ,art is call$ good1 & o!r ,art bad3 we desire to f9d ! conditions ( "* 9 ! arti/ :i* are ess5tially connect$ ) ! goodness ( 8 "w3 we desire to f9d :at are ! me?ods ( practice :i* =m ?is "* or corrupt x2 & f9ally1 h[ ! =mation or corruption ( ?is "* is connect$ ) ! g5]al prosp]ity ( nations4 #cb4 ,& all ?is we want to le>n practically3 n = m]e pleasant speculation on ?+s t h be52 b = in/ant direction ( ^? t are yet to be4 ,my fir/ object is to get at "s fix$ pr9ciples = ! tea*+ ( ,art to our y\?2 & ,i am ab\t to ask1 ( all :o may be able to give me a s]viceable answ]1 & ) & = all :o are anxi\s = su* answ]1 :at arts %\ld be g5]ally taught to ! ,engli% boy & girl1--by :at me?ods1--& to :at ends8 ,h[ well1 or h[ imp]fectly1 our y\? ( ! high] classes %\ld be discipl9$ 9 ! practice ( music & pa9t+8--h[ f>1 among ! l[] classes1 ex]cise 9 c]ta9 me*anical arts might become a "p ( _! s*ool life8--h[ f>1 9 ! adult life ( ?is nation1 ! ,f9e ,arts may advisably sup]s$e or regulate ! me*anical ,arts8 ,pla9 que/ions ^!1 en\gh2 cle>ly also important ones2 &1 z cle>ly1 b\ndless ones--m\nta9\s--inf9ite 9 cont5ts--only to be m9$ into 9 a scrambl+ mann] by poor inquir]s1 z _! pres5t tools & sight may s]ve4 #cc4 ,i h (t5 be5 accus$ ( dogmatism1 & confess to ! hold+ /rong op9ions on "s matt]s2 b ,i tell ! read] 9 s9c]ity1 & entreat him 9 s9c]ity to believe1 t ,i d n ?9k myself able to dictate any?+ positive respect+ que/ions ( ?is magnitude4 ,! "o ?+ ,i am sure ( is1 ! ne$ ( "s =m ( dictation2 or1 :]e t is z yet impossible1 at lea/ ( consi/5t exp]im5t1 = ! j solution ( d\bts :i* pres5t !mselves e day 9 m significant & m impati5t temp] ( int]rogation4 ,"h is "o1 = in/ance1 ly+ at ! base ( all ! re/--namely1 :at may be ! real dignity ( me*anical ,art itself8 ,i _c express ! amaz$ awe1 ! cru%$ humility1 ) :i* ,i sometimes wat* a locomotive take its brea? at a railway /ation1 & ?9k :at "w !re is 9 its b>s & :eels1 & :at mann] ( m5 !y mu/ be :o dig br[n iron-/one out ( ! gr\nd1 & =ge x into ,,t6 ,:at assemblage ( accurate & mighty faculties 9 !m2 m ?an fle%ly p[] ov] melt+ crag & coil+ fire1 fett]$1 & f9ess$ at la/ into ! precision ( wat*mak+2 ,titanian hamm]-/rokes beat+1 out ( lava1 ^! glitt]+ cyl9d]s & timely-respond5t valves1 & f9e ribb$ rods1 :i* t\* ea* o!r z a s]p5t wri!s1 9 noiseless glid+1 & omnipot5ce ( grasp2 inf9itely complex anatomy ( active /eel1 comp>$ ) :i* ! skeleton ( a liv+ creature w\ld seem1 to a c>eless obs]v]1 clumsy & vile--a m]e morbid secretion & phosphat\s prop ( fle%6 ,:at w\ld ! m5 :o ?\ght out ?is--:o beat x out1 :o t\*$ x into its poli%$ calm ( p[]1 :o set x to its appo9t$ task1 & triumphantly saw x fulfill ?is task to ! utmo/ ( _! w--feel or ?9k ab\t ?is weak h& ( m9e1 timidly lead+ a little /a9 ( wat]-color1 :i* ,i _c manage1 into an imp]fect %ad[ ( some?+ else--m]e failure 9 e motion1 & endless disappo9tm5t2 :at1 ,i repeat1 w\ld ^! ,iron-dom9ant ,g5ii ?9k ( me8 & :at ought ,i to ?9k ( !m8 #cd4 ,b z ,i rea* ?is po9t ( rev]5ce1 ! unreasonable ?+ is sure to give a %riek z ( a ?\s& unanim\s vultures1 :i* leaves me %udd]+ 9 real physical pa9 = "s half m9ute foll[+2 & assures me1 dur+ sl[ recov]y1 t a p :i* c endure su* flut+ & pip+ among !m is n likely soon to h its mode/ e> pleas$ by aught ( oat5 /op1 or pa/oral song4 ,p]haps ,i am !n l$ on into m$itation respect+ ! spiritual nature ( ! ,t5? ,muse1 :o inv5t$ ?is graci\s in/rum5t1 & guides its modulation by /ok]s' f+]s2 m$itation1 also1 z to ! influ5ce ( h] inv5tion amid/ ! o!r p>ts ( ! ,p>nassian melody ( ,engli% education4 ,!n x _c b occur to me to inquire h[ f> ?is mod]n pneuma1 ,/eam1 may be connect$ ) o!r pneumatic p[]s talk$ ( 9 t old religi\s lit]ature1 ( :i* we fight s fi]cely to keep ! lett]s bright1 & ! work+ valves1 s to speak1 9 good ord] 7:ile we let ! /eam ( x all c>efully (f into ! cold cond5s]71 :at connection1 ,i say1 ?is mod]n spiritus1 9 its valve-direct$ inspiration1 has ) t m anci5t spiritus1 or w>m brea?1 :i* p us$ to ?9k !y might be born (4 ,:e!r1 9 f9e1 !re be any su* ?+ z an entirely human ,art1 ) spiritual motive p[]1 & signal z ( human voice1 di/9ct inh]5tly f ?is me*anical ,art1 ) its me*anical motive =ce1 & signal ( vulture voice4 ,= aft] all1 ?is %riek+ ?+1 :atev] ! f9e make ( x may be1 c b pull or pu%1 & d ox5's "w 9 an impetu\s mann]4 ,t pr\d k+ ( ,assyria1 :o lo/ 8 reason1 & ate ox5's food1 w\ld he h mu* m cause = pride1 if he _h be5 all[$ to sp5d 8 reason 9 do+ ox5's "w8 #ce4 ,^! ?+s1 !n1 ,i w\ld fa9 consult ab\t1 & plead ) ! read] = 8 pati5ce 9 c\ncil1 ev5 :ile we beg9 ) ! simple/ practical matt]s2 = ravel$ bri]s ( ?\ght entangle our feet1 ev5 at our fir/ /ep4 ,we w\ld tea* a boy to draw4 ,well1 :at %all he draw8--,gods1 or m51 or bea/s1 or cl\ds1 or leaves1 or iron cyl9d]s8 ,are !re any gods to be drawn8 any m5 or wom5 wor? draw+1 or only wor? c>icatur+8 ,:at are ! ae/hetic laws respect+ iron cyl9d]s2 & w\ld ,titian h lik$ !m ru/y1 or fre% clean$ ) oil & rag1 to fill ! place once light5$ by ,/4 ,george's armor8 ,h[ c we beg9 ! smalle/ practical bus9ess1 unless we get fir/ "s :isp] ( answ] to su* que/ions8 ,we may tell a boy to draw a /raight l9e /raight1 & a crook$ "o crook$2 b :at else8 ,& x r5d]s ! dilemma1 or multilemma1 m emb>rass+1 t :atev] tea*+ is to be _h f ! f\nd]s & ma/]s ( art is q unpractical4 ,! fir/ s\rce f :i* we %\ld naturally seek = guidance w\ld1 ( c\rse1 be ! say+s ( great workm52 b a sorr[ful p]ception pres5tly dawns on u t ! great workm5 h no?+ to say4 ,!y are sil5t1 absolutely 9 proportion to _! creative p[]4 ,! contributions to our practical k ( ! pr9ciples ( ,art1 furni%$ by ! true capta9s ( its ho/s1 may1 ,i ?9k1 be ari?metically summ$ by ! ,o ( ,giotto3 ! inf]ior tea*]s become didactic 9 ! degree ( _! inf]iority2 & ^? :o c d no?+ h always mu* to advise4 #cf4 ,?is h[ev]1 obs]ve1 is only true ( advice direct4 ,y nev]1 ,i grieve to say1 get f ! great m5 a pla9 answ] to a pla9 "q2 /ill less c y entangle !m 9 any agreeable gossip1 out ( :i* some?+ might unaw>es be pick$ up4 ,b ( enigmatical tea*+1 brok5 signs & sull5 mutt]+s1 ( :i* y c und]/& no?+1 & may make any?+2--( confus$ disc\rse 9 ! "w itself1 ab\t ! "w1 z 9 ,du]]'s ,melancolia2--& ( disc\rse n m]ely confus$1 b app>5tly unreasonable & ridicul\s1 ab\t all mann] ( ?+s except ! "w1--! great ,egyptian & ,greek arti/s give u mu*3 f :i*1 h[ev]1 all t by utmo/ indu/ry may be ga!r$1 comes briefly to ?is1--t !y h no conception ( :at mod]n m5 ( sci5ce call ! ,cons]vation ( =ces1 b d$uce all ! =ce !y feel 9 !mselves1 & hope = 9 o!rs1 f c]ta9 f\nta9s or c5t]s ( p]petually suppli$ /r5g?1 to :i* !y give v>i\s names3 z1 = in/ance1 ^! sev5 foll[+1 m specially3-- #a4 ,! ,_s ( ,light1 moral & physical1 by "n ! ,physician-,de/roy]1 be>+ arr[s 9 8 h&1 & a lyre2 pre-em95tly ! de/roy] ( human pride1 & ! guide ( human h>mony4 ,physically1 ,"l ( ! ,sun2 & a m\nta9 ,_s1 because ! sun seems fir/ to rise & set ^u hills4 #b4 ,! ,_s ( helpful ,d>kness--( %ade & re/4 ,night ! ,re/or]4 #c4 ,! ,_s ( ,wisdom 9 ,conduct1 be>+1 9 sign ( conque/ ov] tr\bl\s & di/urb+ evil1 ! sk9 ( ! wild goat1 & ! head ( ! sla9 ,_s ( physical /orm4 ,9 h] h&1 a weav]'s %uttle1 or a spe>4 #d4 ,! ,_s ( ,wisdom 9 ,arrangem5t2 call$ ! ,"l or ,fa!r ( ,tru?3 ?ron$ on a f\r-squ>e cubit1 ) a measur+-rod 9 8 h&1 or a pott]'s :eel4 #e4 ,! ,_s ( ,wisdom 9 ,adaptation2 or ( s]viceable labor3 ! ,ma/] ( human ef=t 9 its gl[2 & ,"l ( useful fire1 moral & physical4 #f4 ,! ,_s1 fir/ ( "y or nasc5t grace1 & !n ( fulfill$ beauty3 ! wife ( ! ,"l ( ,labor4 ,i h tak5 ! two l9es 9 :i* ,hom] describes h] girdle1 = ! motto ( ^! essays3 p>tly 9 memory ( ^! outca/ fancies ( ! great ma/]s3 & p>tly = ! sake ( a mean+ :i* we %all f9d z we g on4 #g4 ,! ,_s ( pure human life & gladness4 ,ma/] ( :olesome vital passion2 & physically1 ,"l ( ! ,v9e4 #cg4 ,f ^! ludicr\s notions ( motive =ce1 inconsi/5t z !y are ) mod]n physiology & organic *emi/ry1 we may1 nev]!less1 h]eaft] ga!r1 9 ! details ( _! v>i\s expressions1 some?+ useful to u4 ,b ,i grieve to say t :5 our provok+ tea*]s desc5d f dreams ab\t ! do+s ( ,gods to ass]tions respect+ ! de$s ( ,m51 little beyond ! blanke/ disc\ragem5t is to be _h f !m4 ,?us1 !y repres5t ! +5uity1 & deceptive or imitative ,arts ( m51 "u ! type ( a ,ma/] :o builds labyr9?s1 & makes images ( liv+ creatures1 = evil purposes1 or = none2 & pleases himself & ! p ) idle jo9t+ ( toys1 & fill+ ( !m ) quicksilv] motion2 & br+s 8 *ild to fooli%1 rem$iless cata/rophe1 9 fancy+ 8 fa!r's "w z good1 & /rong1 & fit to be> sunlight1 z if x _h be5 ,god's "w4 ,s1 aga91 !y repres5t ! =esight & k9dly zeal ( m5 by a mo/ rueful figure ( "o *a9$ d[n to a rock by ! brute =ce & bias & me?odical hamm]-/roke ( ! m]ely practical ,arts1 & by ! m]ciless ,necessities or ,fates ( pres5t "t2 & s hav+ 8 v he>t torn piece by piece out ( him by a vultur\s hung] & sorr[1 respect+ ?+s he _c rea*1 nor prev5t1 nor a*ieve4 ,s1 aga91 !y describe ! s5tim5t & pure s\l-p[] ( ,man1 z mov+ ! v rocks & trees1 & giv+ !m life1 by its sympa?y ) !m2 b los+ its own be/-belov$ ?+ by m]e v5om\s accid5t3 & aft]w>ds go+ d[n to hell = x1 9 va92 be+ impati5t & unwise1 ?\gh full ( g5tl5ess2 &1 9 ! issue1 aft] z va9ly try+ to tea* ?is g5tl5ess to o!rs1 & to guide !m out ( _! l[] passions to sunlight ( true heal+ ,life1 x drives ! s5sual he>t ( !m1 & ! gods t gov]n x1 into m]e & pure fr5zy ( resolv$ rage1 & gets torn to pieces by !m1 & end$2 only ! night+ale /ay+ by its grave to s+4 ,all :i* appe>+ to be any?+ r ?an helpful or enc\rag+ in/ruction = beg9n]s1 we %all1 = ! pres5t1 ,i ?9k1 d well to desire ^! enigmatical tea*]s to put up _! pipes & be gone2 & betak+ ourselves 9 ! humble/ mann] to intelligible bus9ess1 at lea/ set d[n "s def9ite matt] = decision1 to be made a fir/ /epp+-/one at ! %ore ( ?is brook ( despond & difficulty4 #ch4 ,mo/ ma/]s agree 7& ,i believe !y are "r7 t ! fir/ ?+ to be taught to any pupil1 is h[ to draw an outl9e ( su* ?+s z c be outl9$4 ,n[1 !re are two k9ds ( outl9e--! s(t & h>d4 ,"o mu/ be execut$ ) a s(t in/rum5t1 z a piece ( *alk or lead2 & ! o!r ) "s in/rum5t produc+ = ultimate result a firm l9e ( equal d>kness2 z a p5 ) ink1 or ! engrav+ tool on wood or metal4 ,& ^! two k9ds ( outl9e h bo? ( !m _! p>ticul> objects & uses1 z well z _! prop] scale ( size 9 "w4 ,?us ,raphael w sket* a m9iature head ) 8 p51 b always takes *alk if he draws ( ! size ( life4 ,s also ,holbe91 & g5]ally ! o!r /rong ma/]s4 ,b ! black outl9e seems to be peculi>ly t :i* we ought to beg9 to reason ^u1 because x is simple & op5-he>t$1 & does n endeavor to escape into mi/4 ,a p5cil l9e may be obscurely & undemon/rably wrong2 false 9 a c[>dly mann]1 & )\t confession3 b ! ink l9e1 if x goes wrong at all1 goes wrong ) a w1 & may be convict$ at our leisure1 & put to su* %ame z its black complexion is capable (4 ,may we1 !re=e1 beg9 ) ! h>d l9e8 ,x w lead u f>1 if we c come to conclusions ab\t x4 #ci4 ,presum+1 !n1 t our s*oolboys are su* z ,col]idge w\ld h !m--i4e4 t !y are ,innoc5t1 /eady1 & wise1 ,& delight 9 ! ?+s ( e>?1 wat]1 & skies1 &1 above all1 9 a moral /ate 9 :i* !y may be tru/$ ) ink--we put a p5 into _! h&s 7%all x be /eel87 & a piece ( smoo? :ite pap]1 & some?+ be=e !m to draw4 ,b :at8 ,nay1 ! read] answ]s1 y _h surely bett] give !m p5cil fir/1 = t may be rubb$ out4 ,p]haps s2 b ,i am n sure t ! p[] ( rubb+ out is an advantage2 at all ev5ts1 we %all be/ discov] :at ! p5cil outl9e ought to be1 by inve/igat+ ! p[] ( ! black "o1 & ! k9d ( ?+s we c draw ) x4 #dj4 ,suppose1 = in/ance1 my fir/ s*ol> has a turn = entomology1 & asks me to draw = him a wasp's leg1 or its /+2 hav+ fir/ humanely provid$ me ) a model by pull+ "o (f or out4 ,my p5 mu/ cle>ly be f9e at ! po9t1 & my execution none ( ! bolde/1 if ,i comply ) 8 reque/4 ,if ,i decl9e1 & he !reupon *all5ges me at lea/ to draw ! wasp's body1 ) its pretty b&s ( black cr9ol9e--behold u involv$ in/antly 9 ! pr(\nd "q ( local color6 ,am ,i to tell him he is n to draw outl9es ( b&s or spots8 ,h[1 !n1 %all he "k a wasp's body f a bee's8 ,i escape1 = ! pres5t1 by tell+ him ! /ory ( ,da$alus & ! honeycomb2 set him to draw a patt]n ( hexagons1 & lay ! "q ( black b&s up 9 my m9d4 #da4 ,! next boy1 we may suppose1 is a con*ologi/1 & asks me to draw a :ite snail-%ell = him6 ,veil+ my con/]nation at ! idea ( hav+ to give a lesson on ! p]spective ( geometrical spirals1 ) an au/]e reg>d ( control ,i pass on to ! next /ud5t3--,:o1 br++ aft] him1 ) acclamation1 all ! re/ ( ! =m1 requires ( me contemptu\sly1 to draw a horse4 ,& ,i retreat 9 f9al discomfiture2 = n only ,i _c myself execute1 b ,i h nev] se51 an outl9e1 q simply & rightly done1 ei!r ( a %ell or a pony2 nay1 n s mu* z ( a pony's nose4 ,at a girls' s*ool we might p]haps take refuge 9 rosebuds3 b ^! boys1 ) _! impati5t battle-cry1 my k+dom = a horse1 :at is to be done = !m8 #db4 ,well1 ?is is :at ,i %\ld l to be able to d = !m4 ,to %[ !m an enl>g$ black outl9e1 nobly done1 ( ! two sides ( a co9 ( ,t>5tum1 ) t fi]y rid] kneel+1 c>eless1 on 8 horse's neck1 & recl9$ on 8 surg+ dolph91 ) ! curl$ sea lapp+ r\nd !m2 & !n to conv9ce my boys t no "o 7unless x 7 ,t>as's fa!r himself1 ) ! middle prong ( 8 trid5t7 c\ld draw a horse l t1 )\t le>n+2--t = poor mortals l u !re mu/ be sorr[ful prep>atory /ages2 &1 hav+ conv9c$ !m ( ?is1 set !m to draw 7if ,i _h a good copy to give !m7 a horse's ho(1 or 8 rib1 or a v]tebra ( 8 ?und]-clo!d neck1 or any o!r con/ructive piece ( him4 #dc4 ,mean:ile1 all ?is be+ f> out ( pres5t rea*1 ,i am fa9 to %r9k back into my snail-%ell1 bo? = %elt] & calm ( peace2 & ask ( arti/s 9 g5]al h[ ! said %ell1 or any o!r simple object involv+ v>i$ cont\r1 %\ld be outl9$ 9 ink8--h[ ?ick ! l9es %\ld be1 & h[ v>i$8 ,my own idea ( an elem5t>y outl9e is t x %\ld be unv>i$2 di/9ctly visible2 n ?ick5$ t[>ds ! %ad$ sides ( ! object2 n express any exagg]ations ( a]ial p]spective1 nor fade at ! fur!r side ( a cup z if x 7 ! fur!r side ( a crat] ( a volcano2 & !re=e1 9 objects ( ord9>y size1 %[ no gradation at all1 unless :]e ! real outl9e disappe>s1 z 9 s(t cont\rs & folds4 ,nay1 ,i ?9k x may ev5 be a "q :e!r we ought n to resolve t ! l9e %\ld nev] gradate itself at all1 b t]m9ate q bluntly6 ,alb]t ,du]]'s ,cannon furni%es a v peculi> & curi\s example ( ?is entirely equal l9e1 ev5 to ! extreme di/ance2 be+ 9 t respect oppos$ to ne>ly all 8 o!r "w1 :i* is wr\ght mo/ly by tap]+ l9es2 & 8 "w 9 g5]al1 & ,holbe9's1 :i* appe> to me entirely typical ( rightness 9 use ( ! grav] & p51 are to be consid]$ c>efully 9 _! relation to ,rembr&t's loose et*+1 z 9 ! ,spott$ ,%ell4 #dd4 ,b ,i d n want to press my own op9ions n[1 ev5 :5 ,i h be5 able to =m !m di/9ctly4 ,i want to get at "s unanim\s expression ( op9ion & me?od2 & w\ld propose1 !re=e1 9 all mode/y1 ?is "q = discussion1 by su* arti/s z w favor me ) answ]1#fe giv+ _! names3--,h[ ought ! p5 to be us$ to outl9e a =m ( v>i$ cont\r2 & ought outl9e to be entirely pure1 or1 ev5 9 its mo/ elem5t>y types1 to pass into "s sugge/ion ( %ade 9 ! inn] masses8 ,= !re are no examples :atev] ( pure outl9es by ! great ma/]s4 ,!y are always t\*$ or modifi$ by inn] l9es1 m or less sugge/ive ( solid =m1 & !y are lo/ or acc5tuat$ 9 c]ta9 places1 n s mu* 9 con=mity ) any explicable law1 z 9 expression ( ! ma/]'s future purpose1 or ( :at he wi%es imm$iately to note 9 ! "* ( ! object4 ,mo/ ( !m are irregul> memor&a1 n sy/ematic elem5t>y "w3 ( ^? :i* are sy/ematiz$1 ! great] "p are c>ri$ f> beyond ! initiative /age2 & ,holbe9's are ne>ly all wa%$ ) color3 ! exact degree 9 :i* he dep5ds ^u ! s(t5+ & ext5d+ 8 t\* ( ink by subsequ5t solution ( x1 be+ indet]m9able1 ?\gh exquisitely successful4 ,8 /up5d\s draw+s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum 7,i c ju/ly use no o!r t]m ?an /up5d\s1 ( _! consummately decisive p[]7 furni% f9] in/ances ( ?is treatm5t ?an any at ,basle2 b x w\ld be v difficult to r$uce !m to a def9able law4 ,v5etian outl9es are r>e1 except prep>ations on canvas1 (t5 %ad$ be=e color+2--:ile ,raphael's1 if n %ad$1 are q loose1 & useless z examples to a beg9n]3 s t we are left :olly )\t guide z to ! prep>atory /eps on :i* we %\ld decisively insi/2 & ,i am myself haunt$ by ! notion t ! /ud5ts 7 =c$ to %ade firmly f ! v beg9n+1 9 all ! greate/ s*ools2 only we nev] c get hold ( any beg9n+s1 or any weak "w ( ^? s*ools3 :atev] is bad 9 !m comes ( decad5ce1 n infancy4 #de4 ,i purpose 9 ! next essay#ff to ent] ^u q ano!r "p ( ! inquiry1 s z to leave "t = ! reception ( communications be>+ ^u ! pres5t pap]3 &1 accord+ to _! importance1 ,i %all ask leave /ill to def] our return to ! subject until ,i h _h "t to reflect ^u !m1 & to collect = public s]vice ! concurr5t op9ions !y may conta94 ,,footnotes3 #fd ,art ,j\rnal1 vol4 iv41 pp4 #cc-e4 ,febru>y #ahfe4 ,! fir/ ^w be+ pr9t$ 9 pla9 capitals in/ead ( ) an ornam5tal initial lett] g5]ally us$ by ! ,art ,j\rnal1 ! foll[+ note 0 add$ by ! au?or3--,i beg ! ,editor's & read]'s p>don = an in=mality 9 ! type2 b ,i %r9k f ornam5tal lett]s1 & h begg$ = a legible capital in/ead4--,,ed4 #fe ,i ne$ n say t ?is inquiry c only be pursu$ by ! help ( ^? :o w take x up good-humor$ly & graci\sly3 su* help ,i w receive 9 ! _s 9 :i* x is giv52 ent]+ into no controv]sy1 b que/ion+ fur!r :]e !re is d\bt3 ga!r+ all ,i c into focus1 & pass+ sil5tly by :at seems at la/ irreconcilable4 #ff ,?is essay1 ,*apt] ,,ii4 9 ! ,art ,j\rnal1 is "h omitt$ z hav+ be5 already repr9t$ ) only a few v]bal alt]ations 9 ,! ,que5 ( ! ,air1 ,sec4,sec4 #ace to #adb inclusive1 :i* see4 ,! ,art ,j\rnal1 h[ev]1 conta9$ a f9al p>agraph1 introductory ( ,*apt] ,,iii41 :i* is omitt$ 9 ,! ,que5 ( ! ,air1 & 0 z foll[s3--,to ! disc]nm5t ( ?is law 7i4e41 t to :i* ! arts are subject1 see ,que5 ( ! ,air1 ,sec4 #adb7 we w n[ address ourselves sl[ly1 beg9n+ ) ! consid]ation ( little ?+s1 & ( easily def9able virtues4 ,& s9ce ,pati5ce is ! pione] ( all ! o!rs1 ,i %all endeavor 9 ! next pap] to %[ h[ t mode/ virtue has be5 ei!r held ( no acc\nt1 or else set to vile/ "w 9 our mod]n ,art-s*ools2 & :at h>m has result$ f su* disda91 or su* employm5t ( h]4--,,ed4 ---------------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s note3 ,*apt] ,,ii is miss+ f ! orig9al4 ---------------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,iii4#fg ,dame ,paci5ce sitt+ !re ,i fonde1 ,) face pale1 ^u an hill ( sonde4 #df4 ,z ,i try to summon ?is vision ( ,*auc]'s into def9it5ess1 & z x fades be=e me1 & reappe>s1 l ! image ( ,picc>da 9 ! moon1 !re m+les ) x ano!r2--! image ( an ,italian *ild1 ly+1 %e also1 ^u a hill ( s&1 by ,eridanus' side2 a vision :i* has nev] q left me s9ce ,i saw x4 ,a girl ( t5 or twelve1 x might be2 "o ( ! *ildr5 to :om !re has nev] be5 any o!r lesson taught ?an t ( pati5ce3--pati5ce ( fam9e & ?ir/2 pati5ce ( heat & cold2 pati5ce ( fi]ce ^w & sull5 bl[2 pati5ce ( *angeless fate & giftless "t4 ,%e 0 ly+ ) h] arms ?r[n back ov] h] head1 all languid & lax1 on an e>?-heap by ! riv] side 7! s(tness ( ! du/ be+ ! only s(tness %e _h ev] kn[n71 9 ! s\!rn suburb ( ,tur91 "o gold5 aft]noon 9 ,augu/1 ye>s ago4 ,%e _h be5 at play1 aft] h] fa%ion1 ) o!r pati5t *ildr51 & _h ?r[n h]self d[n to re/1 full 9 ! sun1 l a liz>d4 ,! s& 0 mix$ ) ! draggl$ locks ( h] black hair1 & "s ( x spr9kl$ ov] h] face & body1 9 an a%es to a%es k9d ( way2 a few black rags ab\t h] lo9s1 b h] limbs ne>ly b>e1 & h] little brea/s1 sc>ce dimpl$ yet1--:ite1--m>ble-l--b1 z wa/$ m>ble1 ?9 ) ! scor*+ & ! ra9s ( ,"t4 ,s %e lay1 motionless2 black & :ite by ! %ore 9 ! sun2 ! yell[ light flick]+ back ^u h] f ! pass+ eddies ( ! riv]1 & burn+ d[n on h] f ! we/4 ,s %e lay1 l a dead ,niobid3 x seem$ z if ! ,sun-,god1 z he sank t[>ds gray ,viso 7:o /ood pale 9 ! s\?we/1 & pyramidal z a tomb71 _h be5 wro? ) ,italy = numb]+ h] *ildr5 too c>efully1 & sla9 ?is little "o4 ,black & :ite %e lay1 all brea?less1 9 a suffici5tly pictorial mann]3 ! g>d5s ( ! ,villa ,reg9a gleam$ beyond1 graceful ) laurel-grove & labyr9?9e t]race2 & folds ( purple m\nta9 7 drawn af>1 = curta9s r\nd h] little du/y b$4 #dg4 ,pictorial en\gh1 ,i repeat2 & yet ,i might n n[ h rememb]$ h]1 s z to f9d h] figure m+l+1 aga9/ my w1 ) o!r images1 b = h] mann] ( revival4 ,= "o ( h] playmates com+ ne>1 ca/ "s ^w at h] :i* ang]$ h]2 & %e rose--en ego1 victa situ--%e rose ) a s+le spr+1 l a snake2 "o h>dly saw ! motion2 & ) a %riek s %rill t ,i put my h&s ^u my e>s2 & s utt]$ h]self1 indignant & v5geful1 ) words ( ju/ice1--,alecto /&+ by1 satisfi$1 tea*+ h] acute1 articulate syllables1 & add+ h] own voice to c>ry !m ?rill+ ?r\gh ! blue laurel %ad[s4 ,& hav+ spok51 %e w5t h] way1 we>ily3 & ,i pass$ by on ! o!r side1 m$itat+1 ) su* ,levitical propriety z a respectable p]son %\ld1 on ! asplike ,passion1 foll[+ ! sorr[ful ,pati5ce2 & on ! way 9 :i* ! say+1 ,du/ %alt ?\ eat all ?y days has be5 confus$ly fulfill$1 fir/ by mu* provision ( human du/ = ! meat ( :at ,keats calls human s]p5try2 & la/1 by ga!r+ ! ,consum$ & ,consum] into du/ toge!r1 = ! meat ( ! dea? _s1 or s]p5t ,apap4 ,nei!r c\ld ,i1 = long1 get rid ( ! ?\ght ( ?is /range du/-manufacture "u ! mill-/ones1 z x 71 ( ,dea?2 & ( ! two colors ( ! gra91 discrim9ate b5ea?1 ?\gh indiscrim9ately ca/ into ! hopp]4 ,= inde$ "s ( x seems only to be made :it] = its pati5ce1 & becomes kneadable into spic$ bread1 :]e !y sell 9 ,babylonian %ops slaves1 & s\ls ( m52 b o!r "s runs d>k f "u ! mill-/ones2 a little sulphur\s & nitr\s foam be+ m+l$ 9 ! conception ( x2 & is om9\sly /or$ up 9 magaz9es ne> riv]-embankm5ts2 pati5t en\gh--= ! pres5t4 #dh4 ,b x is provok+ to me t ! image ( ?is *ild m+les itself n[ ) ,*auc]'s2 = ,i %\ld l truly to "k :at ,*auc] means by 8 s&-hill4 ,n b t ?is is j "o ( ^? enigmatical pieces ( tea*+ :i* we h made up our m9ds n to be tr\bl$ )1 s9ce x may evid5tly mean j :at we l4 ,sometimes ,i w\ld fa9 h x to mean ! gho/ly s& ( ! horologe ( ! _w3 & ,i ?9k t ! pale figure is seat$ on ! record+ heap1 :i* rises sl[ly1 & ebbs 9 gidd9ess1 & fl[s aga91 & rises1 tott]+2 & /ill %e sees1 fall+ beside h]1 ! nev]-end+ /ream ( phantom s&4 ,sometimes ,i l to ?9k t %e is seat$ on ! s& because %e is h]self ! ,_s ( ,/ay+1 & victor ov] all ?+s t pass & *ange2--quicks& ( ! des]t 9 mov+ pill>2 quicks& ( ! sea 9 mov+ floor2 ro(less all1 & unabid+1 b %e abid+2--to h]self1 h] home4 ,& sometimes ,i ?9k1 ?\gh ,i d n l to ?9k 7nei!r did ,*auc] mean ?is1 = he always meant ! lovely ?+ fir/1 n ! l[ "o71 t %e is seat$ on h] s&-heap z ! only treasure to be ga9$ by human toil2 & t ! little ant-hill1 :]e ! be/ ( u creep to & fro1 be>s to angelic eyes1 9 ! pati5te/ ga!r+ ( its gall]ies1 only ! aspect ( a little heap ( du/2 :ile = ! wor/ ( u1 ! heap1 /ill l[] by ! level+ ( ^? w+$ surveyors1 is high en\gh1 nev]!less1 to ov]hang1 & at la/ to close 9 judgm5t1 on ! sev5? day1 ov] ! j\rney]s to ! =tunate ,isl&s2 :ile to _! dy+ eyes1 ?r\gh ! mirage1 ! city sp>kles l a gra9 ( salt4 #di4 ,b ( c\rse x does n 9 ! lea/ matt] :at x means4 ,all t matt]s specially to u 9 ,*auc]'s vision1 is t1 next to ,pati5ce 7z ! read] w f9d by look+ at ! context 9 ! ,assembly ( ,f\les71 7 ,behe/e & ,art2--,promise1 t is1 & ,art3 & t1 al?\gh ^! vision>y p[]s are "h wait+ only 9 "o ( ! out] c\rts ( ,love1 & ! int5d$ pati5ce is "h only ! long-suff]+ ( love2 & ! int5d$ behe/e1 its promise2 & ! int5d$ art1 its cunn+1--! same p[]s companion ea* o!r necess>ily 9 ! c\rts & ante*amb] ( e triumphal home ( man4 ,i say triumphal home1 =1 inde$1 triumphal ar*es :i* y pass "u1 are b fooli% ?+s1 & may be nail$ toge!r any day1 out ( pa/ebo>d & fil*$ laurel2 b triumphal doors1 :i* y c ent] 9 at1 ) liv+ laurel cr[n+ ! ,l>es1 are n s easy ( access3 & outside ( !m waits always ?is sad portress1 ,pati5ce2 t is to say1 ! submission to ! et]nal laws ( ,pa9 & ,"t1 & acceptance ( !m z inevitable1 smil+ at ! grief4 ,s mu* pa9s y %all take--s mu* "t y %all wait3 t is ! ,law4 ,und]/& x1 honor x2 ) peace ( he>t accept ! pa91 & att5d ! h\rs2 & z ! husb&man 9 8 wait+1 y %all see1 fir/ ! blade1 & !n ! e>1 & !n ! laugh+ ( ! valleys4 ,b refuse ! ,law1 & seek to d y\r "w 9 y\r own "t1 or by any s]p5t9e way to evade ! pa91 & y %all h no h>ve/--no?+ b apples ( ,sodom3 du/ %all be y\r meat1 & du/ 9 y\r ?roat--!re is no s++ 9 su* h>ve/ "t4 #ej4 ,& ?is is true = all ?+s1 little & great4 ,!re is a "t & a way 9 :i* !y c be done3 none %ort]--none smoo!r4 ,= all noble ?+s1 ! "t is long & ! way rude4 ,y may fret & fume z y w2 = e />t & /ruggle ( impati5ce !re %all be s mu* att5dant failure2 if impati5ce become a habit1 no?+ b failure3 until on ! pa? y h *os5 = y\r bett] swiftness1 r ?an ! hone/ fl9ty "o1 !re %all foll[ y1 fa/ at h&1 in/ead ( ,behe/e & ,art = companions1 ^? two wick$ hags1 ,) ho>y locks all loose1 & visage grim2 ,_! feet un%od1 _! bodies wrapt 9 rags1 ,& bo? z swift on foot z *as$ /ags2 ,& yet ! "o h] o!r legge _h lame1 ,:i* ) a /aff all full ( little snags ,%e did support1 & ,impot5ce h] "n3 ,b ?' o!r 0 ,impati5ce1 arm$ ) rag+ flame4 ,rag+ flame1 note2 uns]viceable2--flame ( ! black gra94 ,b ! fire :i* ,pati5ce c>ries 9 h] h& is t truly /ol5 f ,heav51 9 ! pi? ( ! rod--fire ( ! sl[ mat*2 p]si/5t ,fire l x also 9 h] own body1--fire 9 ! m>r[2 unqu5*able inc5se ( life3 ?\gh x may seem to ! by/&]s t !re is no brea? 9 h]1 & %e holds h]self l a /atue1 z ,h]mione1 ! /atue lady1 or ,griselda1 ! /one lady2 unless inde$ "o looks close = ! glance =w>d1 9 ! eyes1 :i* di/+ui%es su* pill>s f ! pill>s1 n ( fle%1 b ( salt1 ^: eyes are set backw>ds4 #ea4 ,i _c get to my "w 9 ?is pap]1 someh[2 ! web ( ^! old enigmas entangles me aga9 & aga94 ,t r\gh syllable :i* beg9s ! "n ( ,griselda1 ,gries1 ! /one2 ! ro> ( ! long fall ( ! ,toccia seems to mix ) ! s\nd ( x1 br++ ?\ghts ( ! great ,alp9e pati5ce2 mute sn[ wrea!d by gray rock1 till avalan*e "t comes--pati5ce ( mute torm5t$ races till ! "t ( ! ,gray league came2 at la/ impati5t4 7,n t1 hi!rto1 x has hewn its way to mu*3 ! ,rh9e-foam ( ! ,via ,mala seem+ to h done its "w bett]47 ,b x is a noble color t ,grison ,gray2--dawn color--graceful = a fad$ silk to ride 91 & wond]ful1 9 pap]1 = gett+ a gl[ ^u1 if y beg9 wisely1 z y may "s day p]haps see by ^? ,turn] sket*es at ,k5s+ton1 if ev] anybody c see !m4 #eb4 ,b we w get to "w n[2 ! "w be+ to und]/&1 if we may1 :at t5d] creatures are inde$ rid+ ) u1 ! ,briti% public1 9 fad$ silk1 & h&+ our plates = u ) t5d] little ?umbs1 & nev] we>+1 or do+1 any?+ else 7n always hav+ mu* to put on _! own plates74 ,! lovelie/ arts1 ! arts ( noble/ desc5t1 h be5 long do+ ?is = u1 & are /ill1 & we h no idea ( _! be+ ,pr9cesses1 b keep !m ill-entreat$ & enslav$3 vocif]\s z we are aga9/ ,black slav]y1 :ile we are gladly acceptant ( ,gray2 & fa9 to keep ,aglaia & h] si/]s--,urania & h]s1--s]v+ u 9 fad$ silk1 & tak5 = kit*5-w5*es4 ,we are mad ,san*os1 n mad ,quixotes3 our eyes en*ant ,d[nw>ds4 #ec4 ,= "o in/ance only3 has ! read] ev] reflect$ on ! pati5ce1 & delib]ate subtlety1 & uno/5tati\s w1 involv$ 9 ! ord9>y process ( /eel engrav+2 t process ( :i* engrav]s !mselves n[ ) doleful voices deplore ! decl9e1 & ) sorr[ful he>ts expect ! ext9ction1 aft] _! own days8 ,by ! way--my fri5ds ( ! field ( /eel1--y ne$ fe> no?+ ( ! k9d4 ,:at !re is ( me*anical 9 y\r "w2 ( habitual & ?\ghtless1 ( vulg> or s]vile--= t1 inde$1 ! "t has come2 ! sun w burn x up = y1 v ru?lessly2 b :at !re is ( human lib]ty1 & ( sangu9e life1 9 f+] & fancy1 is k9dr$ ( ! sun1 & q inext+ui%able by him4 ,he is ! v la/ ( div9ities :o w\ld wi% to ext+ui% x4 ,) 8 r$ "r h&1 ?\gh full ( lightn+ coruscation1 he w fai?fully & t5d]ly clasp y\rs1 w>m blood$2 y w see ! v]milion 9 ! fle%-%ad[s all ! cle>]2 b y\r h& w n be )]$4 ,i tell y--7dogmatically1 if y l to call x s1 kn[+ x well7--a squ>e in* ( man's engrav+ is wor? all ! photographs t ev] 7 dipp$ 9 acid 7or left half-wa%$ aft]w>ds1 :i* is say+ mu*7--only x mu/ be man's engrav+2 n ma*9e's engrav+4 ,y h f\nd$ a s*ool on pati5ce & labor--only4 ,t s*ool mu/ soon be ext9ct4 ,y w h to f\nd "o on ?\ght1 :i* is ,pho5ician 9 immortality & fe>s no fire4 ,believe me1 photography c d aga9/ l9e engrav+ j :at ,madame ,tussaud's wax-"w c d aga9/ sculpture4 ,t1 & no m4 ,y are too timid 9 ?is matt]2 y are l ,isaac 9 t picture ( ,mr4 ,s*norr's 9 ! la/ numb] ( ?is ,j\rnal1 & ) ,teutonically metaphysical precaution1 %ade y\r eyes f ! sun ) y\r back to x4 ,take c\rage2 turn y\r eyes to x 9 an aquil9e mann]2 put m sun%9e on y\r /eel1 & less burr2 & leave ! photograph]s to _! ,phoebus ( ,magnesium wire4 #ed4 ,n t ,i mean to speak disrespectfully ( magnesium4 ,i honor x to its utmo/ fi]y p>ticle 7?\gh ,i ?9k ! s\l a fi]i] "o72 & ,i wi% ! said magnesium all com=t & triumph2 nightly-lodg+ 9 ligh?\ses1 & utt] victory ov] coal gas4 ,c\ld ,titian b h kn[n :at ! gnomes :o built 8 dolomite crags above ,cadore _h mix$ 9 ! make ( !m1--& t "o day--"o night1 ,i mean--8 blue di/ances w\ld /ill be se5 pure blue1 by light got out ( 8 own m\nta9s6 ,light out ( lime/one--color out ( coal--& :ite w+s out ( hot wat]6 ,x is a great age ?is ( ours1 = traction & extraction1 if x only knew :at to extract f itself1 or :]e to drag itself to6 #ee4 ,b 9 ! meantime ,i want ! public to admire ?is pati5ce ( y\rs1 :ile !y h x1 & to und]/& :at x has co/ to give !m ev5 ?is1 :i* has to pass away4 ,we w n take in/ance 9 figure engrav+1 ( :i* ! complex skill & textural gradation by dot & *eck] mu/ be :olly incompreh5sible to amateurs2 b we w take a piece ( av]age l&scape engrav+1 su* z is s5t out ( any good work%op--! ma/] :o puts 8 "n at ! bottom ( ! plate be+ ( c\rse responsible only = ! g5]al me?od1 = ! suffici5t skill ( subord9ate h&s1 & = ! few f9i%+ t\*es if necess>y4 ,we w take1 = example1 ! plate ( ,turn]'s ,m]cury & ,argus1 engrav$ 9 ?is ,j\rnal4#fh #ef4 ,i suppose mo/ p1 look+ at su* a plate1 fancy x is produc$ by "s simple me*anical artifice1 :i* is to draw+ only :at pr9t+ is to writ+4 ,!y conclude1 at all ev5ts1 t !re is some?+ complac5t1 sympa!tic1 & helpful 9 ! nature ( /eel2 s t :ile a p5-&-ink sket* may always be consid]$ an a*ievem5t prov+ clev]ness 9 ! sket*]1 a sket* on /eel comes out by m]e favor ( ! indulg5t metal3 or p]haps !y ?9k ! plate is wov5 l a piece ( patt]n silk1 & ! patt]n is develop$ by pa/ebo>d c>ds pun*$ full ( holes4 ,n s4 ,look close at t engrav+--imag9e x to be a draw+ 9 p5 & ink1 & y\rself requir$ simil>ly to produce its p>allel6 ,true1 ! /eel po9t has ! "o advantage ( n blott+1 b x has t5fold or tw5tyfold disadvantage1 9 t y _c slur1 nor efface1 except 9 a v resolute & labori\s way1 nor play ) x1 nor ev5 see :at y are do+ ) x at ! mom5t1 f> less ! effect t is to be4 ,y mu/ feel :at y are do+ ) x1 & "k precisely :at y h got to d2 h[ deep--h[ broad--h[ f> ap>t--y\r l9es mu/ be1 etc4 & etc4 7a c\ple ( l9es ( etc4's w\ld n be en\gh to imply all y mu/ "k74 ,b suppose ! plate 7 only a p5 draw+3 take y\r p5--y\r f9e/--& j try to copy ! leaves t entangle ! ne>e/ c['s head & ! head itself2 rememb]+ always t ! k9d ( "w requir$ "h is m]e *ild's play comp>$ to t ( f9e figure engrav+4 ,nev]!less1 take a /rong magnify+ glass to ?is--c\nt ! dots & l9es t gradate ! no/rils & ! edges ( ! facial bone2 notice h[ ! light is left on ! top ( ! head by ! /opp+ at its outl9e ( ! co>se t\*es :i* =m ! %ad[s "u ! leaves2 exam9e x well1 & !n--,i humbly ask ( y--try to d a piece ( x y\rself6 ,y clev] sket*]--y "y lady or g5tleman ( g5ius--y eye-glass$ dilettante--y curr5t writ] ( criticism royally plural1--,i besee* y--d x y\rself2 d ! m]ely et*$ outl9e y\rself1 if no m4 ,look y1--y hold y\r et*+ ne$le ?is way1 z y w\ld a p5cil1 ne>ly2 & !n1--y scrat* ) x6 x is z easy z ly+4 ,or if y ?9k t too difficult1 take an easi] piece2--take ei!r ( ! light sprays ( foliage t rise aga9/ ! =tress on ! "r1 put y\r glass ov] !m--look h[ _! f9e outl9e is fir/ drawn1 leaf by leaf2 !n h[ ! di/ant rock is put 9 betwe51 ) brok5 l9es1 mo/ly /opp+ be=e !y t\* ! leaf outl9e1 &--aga91 ,i pray y1 d x y\rself2 if n on t scale1 on a l>g]4 ,g on into ! holl[s ( ! di/ant rock--trav]se its ?ickets--numb] its t[]s--c\nt h[ _m l9es !re are 9 a laurel bu%--9 an ar*--9 a casem5t3 "s hundr$ & fifty1 or two hundr$1 delib]ately drawn l9es1 y w f9d1 9 e squ>e qu>t] ( an in*2--say ?ree ?\s& to ! in*1--ea* ) skillful int5t put 9 its place6 & !n consid] :at ! ord9>y sket*]'s "w mu/ appe> to ! m5 :o h be5 tra9$ to ?is6 #eg4 ,b might n m h be5 done by ?ree ?\s& l9es to a squ>e in*8 y w p]haps ask4 ,well1 possibly4 ,x may be ) l9es z ) soldi]s3 ?ree hundr$1 kn[+ _! "w ?or\ghly1 may be /rong] ?an ?ree ?\s& less sure ( _! game4 ,we %all h to press close home ?is "q ab\t numb]s & purpose pres5tly2--x is n ! "q n[4 ,suppos+ c]ta9 results requir$1--atmosph]ic effects1 surface textures1 transp>5cies ( %ade1 confusions ( light1--m c\ld n be done ) less4 ,!re are engrav+s ( ?is mod]n s*ool1 ( :i*1 ) respect to _! p>ticul> aim1 x may be said1 mo/ truly1 !y _c be bett] done4 #eh4 ,:e!r an engrav+ %\ld aim at effects ( atmosph]e1 may be disputable 7j z also :e!r a sculptor %\ld aim at effects ( p]spective72 b ,i d n raise ^! po9ts to-day4 ,admit ! aim--let u note ! pati5ce2 nor ?is 9 engrav+ only4 ,i h tak5 an engrav+ = my in/ance1 b ,i might h tak5 any =m ( ,art4 ,i call ^u all good arti/s1 pa9t]s1 sculptors1 metal-work]s1 to be> witness ) me 9 :at ,i n[ tell ! public 9 _! "n1--t ! same ,=titude1 ! same delib]ation1 ! same p]sev]ance 9 resolute act--is ne$$ to d any?+ 9 ,art t is wor?y4 ,& :y is x1 y workm51 t y are sil5t always conc]n+ y\r toil2 & mock at u 9 y\r he>ts1 )9 t %r9e at ,eleusis1 to ! gate ( :i* y h hewn y\r way ?r\gh s deadly ?ickets ( ?orn2 & leave u1 fooli% *ildr51 outside1 9 our conceit$ ?9k+ ei!r t we c ent] x 9 play1 or t we are gr&] = n ent]+8 ,f> m e>ne/ly is x to be ask$1 :y d y /oop to u z y mock u8 ,if y\r secrecy 7 a noble "o1--if1 9 t incommunicant contempt1 y wr\ght y\r own "w ) maje/y1 :e!r we w\ld receive x or n1 x 7 k9dly1 ?\gh ungraci\sly1 done2 b n[ y make y\rselves our toys1 & d our *ildi% w 9 s]vile sil5ce4 ,if engrav+ 7 to come to an end ?is day1 & no guid$ po9t %\ld press metal m1 d y ?9k x w\ld be 9 a blaze ( glory t y\r art w\ld expire8--t ^? plates 9 ! annuals1 & black pro(s 9 broad %op w9d[s1 are ( a nobly monum5tal "*1--*alybe p]5nius8 ,i am afraid y\r pati5ce has be5 too mu* l yond] poor ,italian *ild's2 & ov] t g5ius ( y\rs1 l[ laid by ! ,mat9 %ore1 if x expir$ s1 ! lam5t = ,ar*ytas w\ld h to be sung aga92--pulv]is exigui--mun]a4 ,suppose y 7 to %ake (f ! du/ aga96 cleanse y\r w+s1 l ! morn+ bees on t ,mat9 promontory2 rise1 9 noble impati5ce1 = !re is su* a ?+3 ! ,impati5ce ( ! ,f\r? ,cornice4 ,cui buon vol]1 e giu/o amor cavalca4 ,%all we try1 toge!r1 to ?9k ov] ! mean+ ( t ,ha/e1 :5 ! ,may morn+s come8 ,,footnotes3 #fg ,a small portion ( ?is *apt] 0 read by ,mr4 ,rusk91 at ,ox=d1 9 ,novemb] #ahhd1 z a by-lecture1 dur+ ! deliv]y ( ! c\rse on ! ,pleasures ( ,engl&4--,,ed4 #fh ,! re/ ( ?is & ! :ole ( ! succe$+ p>agraph is also repr9t$ 9 ,ariadne ,flor5t9a1 ,sec4 #aae1 & p>a4 i4 ( #aaf4--;,,ed4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4#fi #ei4 ,x is a wild ,m>* day1--! #bj?2 & v probably due c\rse ( ,engli% ,spr+ w br+ z wild a ,may-day by ! "t ?is writ+ meets anyone's eyes2 b at all ev5ts1 z yet ! days are r\gh1 & z ,i look out ( my fitfully light$ w9d[ into ! g>d51 ev]y?+ seems 9 a s+ul> hurry4 ,! dead leaves2 & yond] two liv+ ones1 on ! same /alk1 tumbl+ ov] & ov] ea* o!r on ! lawn1 l a qua9t me*anical toy2 & ! fall5 /icks f ! rooks' ne/s1 & ! twi/$ /raws out ( ! /able-y>d--all go+ "o way1 9 ! ha/ie/ mann]6 ,! puffs ( /eam1 moreov]1 :i* pass "u ! wood$ hills :]e :at us$ to be my sweete/ field-walk ends n[1 prematurely1 9 an abyss ( blue clay2 & :i* signify1 9 _! silv]y expir+ betwe5 ! successive trunks ( w9try trees1 t "s human be+s1 !reab\ts1 are 9 a hurry z well z ! /icks & /raws1 &1 hav+ fa/5$ !mselves to ! tail ( a manageable breeze1 are be+ bl[n d[n to ,folke/one4 #fj4 ,9 ! g5]al effect ( ^! v>i\s passages & pass5g]s1 z se5 f my quiet room1 !y look all v mu* alike4 ,"o beg9s s]i\sly to "q ) "o's self :e!r ^? pass5g]s by ! ,folke/one tra9 are 9 tru? "o :it m 9 a hurry ?an ! dead leaves4 ,! diff]5ce consi/s1 ( c\rse1 9 ! said pass5g]s kn[+ :]e !y are go+ to1 & :y2 & hav+ resolv$ to g !re--:i*1 inde$1 z f> z ,folke/one1 may1 p]haps1 prop]ly di/+ui% !m f ! leaves3 b w x di/+ui% !m any f>!r8 ,d _m ( !m "k :at !y are go+ to ,folke/one =8--:at !y are go+ any:]e =8 & :]e1 at la/1 by sum ( all ! days' j\rneys1 ( :i* ?is glitt]+ transit is "o1 !y are go+ = peace8 ,= if !y "k n ?is1 c]ta9ly !y are no m mak+ ha/e ?an ! /raws are4 ,p]haps swiftly go+ ! wrong way2 m likely go+ no way--any way1 z ! w9ds & _! own wills1 wild] ?an ! w9ds1 dictate2 to f9d !mselves at la/ at ! end :i* w\ld h come to !m quickly en\gh )\t _! seek+4 #fa4 ,&1 inde$1 ?is is a v prelim9>y "q to all measurem5t ( ! rate ( go+1 ?is :]e to8 or1 ev5 be=e t1 are we go+ on at all8--gett+ on 7z ! _w says7 on any road :atev]8 ,mo/ m5's eyes are s fix$ on ! m]e swirl ( ! :eel ( _! =tunes1 & _! s\ls s vex$ at ! rev]s$ cad5ces ( x :5 !y come1 t !y =get to ask if ! curve !y h be5 c>ri$ ?r\gh on its circumf]5ce 0 circul> or cycloidal2 :e!r !y h be5 b\nd to ! ups & d[ns ( a mill-:eel or ( a *>iot-:eel4 ,t phrase1 ( gett+ on1 s p]petually on our lips 7z inde$ x %\ld be71 d any ( u take x to our he>ts1 & s]i\sly ask :]e we c get on to8 ,t in/9ct ( hurry has surely good gr\nds4 ,x is all v well = lazy & n]v\s p 7l myself = in/ance7 to retreat into tubs1 & holes1 & corn]s1 any:]e out ( ! du/1 & wond] )9 ourselves1 :at all ! fuss c be ab\t8 ,! fussy p might h ! be/ ( x1 if !y "k _! end4 ,suppose !y 7 to answ] ?is ,m>* or ,may morn+ ?us3--,n be/ir ourselves1 inde$6 & ! spr+ sun up ^! f\r h\rs6--& ?is fir/ ( ,may1 #ahfe1 nev] to come back aga92 & ( ,fir/s ( ,may 9 p]spective1 suppos+ ourselves to be 'nel mezzo del camm91' p]haps "s tw5ty or tw5ty-five to be1 n )\t presumption1 hop$ =1 & by no means calculat$ ^u4 ,say1 tw5ty ( !m1 ) _! foll[+ gr\ps ( summ] days2 & ?\gh !y may be long1 "o _c make mu* m ?an sixte5 h\rs apiece out ( !m1 poor sleepy wret*es t we are2 = ev5 if we get up at f\r1 we mu/ g to b$ :ile ! r$ yet /ays f ! sunset3 & half ! "t we are awake1 we mu/ be ly+ among haycocks1 or play+ at some?+1 if we are wise2 n to speak ( eat+1 & previ\sly e>n+ :]e( to eat1 :i* takes "t3 & !n1 h[ mu* ( u & ( our day w be left = gett+ on8 ,%all we h a sev5?1 or ev5 a ti!1 ( our tw5ty-f\r h\rs8--two h\rs & tw5ty-f\r m9utes cle>1 a day1 or1 r\ghly1 a ?\s& h\rs a ye>1 & 7viol5tly presum+ on =tune1 z we said7 tw5ty ye>s ( work+ life3 tw5ty ?\s& h\rs to get on 91 altoge!r8 ,_m m5 w\ld ?9k x h>d to be limit$ to an utmo/ tw5ty ?\s& p\nds = _! =tunes1 b "h is a /]n] limitation2 ! ,pactolus ( "t1 s&1 & gold toge!r1 w\ld1 ) su* a =tune1 c\nt u a p\nd an h\r1 ?r\gh our real & s]viceable life4 ,if ?is "t capital w\ld reproduce itself6 & = our tw5ty ?\s& h\rs we c\ld get "s rate ( int]e/1 if well sp5t8 ,at all ev5ts1 we w d some?+ ) !m2 n lie mop+ out ( ! way ( ! du/1 z y d4 #fb4 ,a suffici5t answ]1 inde$2 yet1 fri5ds1 if y w\ld make a little less du/1 p]haps we %\ld all see our way bett]4 ,b ,i am ready to take ! road ) y1 if y mean x s s]i\sly--only let u at lea/ consid] :]e we are n[1 at />t+4 ,"h1 on a little sp9n+1 askew-axis$ ?+ we call a planet--7imp]t95tly en\gh1 s9ce we are f> m planet>y ourselves74 ,a r\nd1 ru/y1 r\gh little metallic ball--v h>d to live ^u2 mo/ ( x mu* too hot or too cold3 a c\ple ( n>r[ habitable belts ab\t x1 :i*1 to w&]+ spirits1 mu/ look l ! places :]e x has got damp1 & gre5-moldy1 ) accompany+ small activities ( animal life 9 ! mid/ ( ! li*54 ,explosive gases1 seem+ly1 inside x1 & possibilities ( v sudd5 disp]sion4 #fc4 ,?is is :]e we are2 & r\ndab\t u1 !re seem to be m ( su* balls1 v>i\sly heat$ & *ill$1 r+$ & moon$1 mov$ & com=t$2 ! :ole giddy gr\p ( u =m+ an atom 9 a milky mi/1 itself ano!r atom 9 a %oreless phosphoresc5t sea ( su* ,volvoces & ,m$usae4 ,:]eupon1 ,i presume1 "o w\ld fir/ ask1 h we any *ance ( gett+ (f ?is ball ( ours1 & gett+ on to "o ( ^? f9] ones8 ,wise p say we h1 & t x is v wick$ to ?9k o!rwise4 ,s we w ?9k no o!rwise2 b1 ) _! p]mission1 ?9k no?+ ab\t ! matt] n[1 s9ce x is c]ta9 t ! m we make ( our little ru/y _w1 su* z x is1 ! m *ance we h ( be+ "o day promot$ into a m]ri] "o4 #fd4 ,& ev5 on ?is ru/y & moldy ,e>?1 !re appe> to be ?+s :i* may be se5 ) pleasure1 & ?+s :i* might be done ) advantage4 ,! /ones ( x h /range %apes2 ! plants & ! bea/s ( x /range ways4 ,its air is co9able into wond]ful s\nds2 its light into manifold colors3 ! trees ( x br+ =? pipp9s1 & ! fields *eese 7?\gh bo? ( ^! may be1 9 a f9] s5se1 to come74 ,!re are bright eyes ^u x :i* reflect ! light ( o!r eyes q s+ul>ly2 & fooli% feel+s to be *]i%$ ^u x2 & gladd5+s ( du/ by neighbor du/1 n easily expla9$1 b pleasant1 & :i* take "t to w94 ,"o w\ld l to "k some?+ ( all ?is1 ,i suppose8--to divide "o's score ( ?\s& h\rs z %rewdly z might be4 ,t5 m9utes to e h]b ( ! field is n mu*2 yet we %all n "k !m all1 s1 be=e ! "t comes to be made grass ( ourselves6 ,half an h\r = e cry/all9e =m ( clay & fl9t1 & we %all be ne> ! ne$ ( %ap+ ! gray fl9t /one t is to weigh ^u our feet4 ,& we w\ld fa9 dance a measure or two be=e t cumb] is laid ^u !m3 !re hav+ be5 hi!rto mu* pip+ to :i* we h n danc$4 ,& we mu/ leave "t = lov+1 if we are to take ,m>montel's wise peasant's ^w = x1 ,il n'y a de bon que c'a6 ,& if !re %\ld be fight+ to d also8 & weep+8 & mu* bury+8 truly1 we _h bett] make ha/e4 #fe4 ,:i* means1 simply1 t we mu/ lose nei!r /r5g? nor mom5t4 ,hurry is n ha/e2 b economy is1 & rightness is4 ,:atev] is rightly done /ays ) u1 to support ano!r "r beyond1 or high] up3 :atev] is wrongly done1 vani%es2 & by ! blank1 betrays :at we w\ld h built above4 ,wa/+ no ^w1 no ?\ght1 no do+1 we %all h spe$ en\gh2 b !n !re is t f>!r "q1 :at %all we d8--:at we are fitte/ 7wor?ie/1 t is7 to d1 & :at is be/ wor? do+8 ,note t ^w wor?y1 bo? ( ! man & ! ?+1 = ! two dignities g toge!r4 ,is x wor? ! pa9s8 ,are we wor? ! task8 ,! dignity ( a man dep5ds :olly ^u ?is h>mony4 ,if 8 task is above him1 he w be undignifi$ 9 failure2 if he is above x1 he w be undignifi$ 9 success4 ,8 own composure & nobl5ess mu/ be accord+ to ! composure ( 8 ?\ght to 8 toil4 #ff4 ,z ,i 0 dream+ ov] ?is1 my eyes fell by *ance on a page ( my favorite ?irte5? c5tury psalt]1 j :]e two dragons1 "o ) r$ legs1 & ano!r ) gre51--"o ) a blue tail on a purple gr\nd1 & ! o!r ) a rosy tail on a gold5 gr\nd1 foll[ ! v]se ,quis asc5det 9 montem ,dom9i1 & beg9 ! solemn ,qui non accepit 9 vano animam suam4 ,:o ha? n lift up 8 s\l unto vanity1 we h x2 & ,greek3 elab5 epi mataio1 ! ,greeks 7n t ,i "k :at t means accurately73 broadly1 !y all mean1 :o has n receiv$ nor giv5 8 s\l 9 va91 ?is is ! man :o c make ha/e1 ev5 uphill1 ! only ha/e wor? mak+2 & x mu/ be up ! "r hill1 too3 n t ,cor9?ian ,acropolis1 ( :i*1 ,i suppose1 ! :ite spect] /ood eighte5 hundr$ feet high1 9 ,hades1 = ,sisyphus to roll 8 fanta/ic /one up--image1 himself1 =ev] ( ! great] "p ( our wise mortal "w4 #fg4 ,n[ all ?is "t1 :atev] ! read] may ?9k1 ,i h nev] = a mom5t lo/ sight ( t orig9al black l9e ) :i* is our own special bus9ess4 ,! pati5ce1 ! spe$1 ! dignity1 we c give to t1 ! *oice to be made ( subject = x1 are ! matt]s ,i want to get at4 ,y ?9k1 p]haps1 t an engrav]'s function is "o ( no v high dignity2--does n involve a s]i\s *oice ( "w4 ,consid] a little ( x4 ,"h is a /eel po9t1 & 'tis l ,job's iron p5--& y are go+ to cut into /eel ) x1 9 a mo/ delib]ate way1 z into ! rock =ev]4 ,& ?is scrat* or inscription ( y\rs w be se5 ( a multitude ( eyes4 ,x is n l a s+le picture or a s+le wall pa9t+2 ?is multipliable "w w pass ?r\gh ?\s& ?\s& h&s1 /r5g!n & in=m innum]able s\ls1 if x be wor?y2 vivify ! folly ( ?\s&s if unwor?y4 ,rememb]1 also1 x w mix 9 ! v close/ mann] 9 dome/ic life4 ,?is engrav+ w n be gossip$ ov] & flutt]$ pa/ at private views ( academies2 li/lessly saunt]$ by 9 corn]s ( great gall]ies4 ,ah1 no6 ,?is w hang ov] p>lor *imney-pieces--%$ d[n its h\rly influ5ce on *ildr5's =5oon "w4 ,?is w hang 9 little lum9\s corn]s by sick b$s2 mix ) flick]+ dreams by c&lelight1 & cat* ! fir/ rays f ! w9d['s glimm]+ squ>e4 ,y _h bett] put some?+ good into x6 ,i d n "k a m solemn field ( labor ?an t *amp d'aci]4 ,f a pulpit1 p]haps a man c only rea* "o or two p1 = t "t1--ev5 y\r book1 once c>elessly read1 probably goes into a bookcase catacomb1 & is ?\ght ( no m4 ,b ?is2 tak+ ! eye unaw>es aga9 & aga91 & always aga93 p]si/+ & inevitable6 :]e w y look = a *ance ( say+ some?+ nobly1 if x is n "h8 #fh4 ,& ! *oice is peculi>ly free2 to y ( all m5 mo/ free4 ,an arti/1 at fir/ inv5tion1 _c always *oose :at %all come into 8 m9d1 nor "k :at x w ev5tually turn into4 ,b y1 pr(ess$ copyi/s1 unless y h mi/ak5 y\r pr(ession1 h ! p[] ( gov]n+ y\r own ?\ghts1 & ( foll[+ & int]pret+ ! ?\ghts ( o!rs4 ,also1 y see ! "w to be done put pla9ly be=e y2 y c delib]ately *oose :at seems to y be/1 out ( myriads ( examples ( p]fect ,art4 ,y c c\nt ! co/ accurately2 say+1 ,x w take me a ye>--two ye>s--five--a f\r? or fif?1 probably1 ( my rema9+ life1 to d ?is4 ,is ! ?+ wor? x8 ,!re is no excuse = *oos+ wrongly2 no o!r m5 :atev] h data s full1 & position s firm1 = =eca/ ( _! labor4 #fi4 ,i put my psalt] aside 7n1 obs]ve1 v\*+ = its r$ & gre5 dragons3--m5 lift$ up _! s\ls to vanity sometimes 9 ! ?irte5? z 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury71 & ,i take up1 in/ead1 a book ( ,engli% v]ses1 publi%$--!re is no occasion to say :54 ,x is full ( co/lie/ engrav+s--l>ge1 skillful1 appall+ly labori\s2 dott$ into textures l ! du/ on a lily leaf1--smoo!d ?r\gh gradations l cl\ds1--grav$ to surfaces l "m-(-pe>l2 & by all ?is toil !re is set =? = ! delight ( ,engli%wom51 a s]ies ( ! base/ dreams t ungov]n$ fem99e imag9ation c co9 9 sicklie/ indol5ce1--ball-room am\rs1 combats ( curl$ knights1 pilgrimages ( disguis$ girl-pages1 romantic pieties1 *>ities 9 co/ume1--a mass ( disguis$ s5sualism & fev]i% vanity--impot5t1 pe/il5t1 pruri5t1 sc5t$ ) a v5om\s elixir1 & r\g$ ) a deadly du/ ( outw>d good2 & all ?is done1 z su* ?+s only c be done1 9 a b\ndless ignorance ( all natural v]acity2 ! faces falsely drawn--! lights falsely ca/--! =ms effac$ or di/ort$1 & all common human wit & s5se ext+ui%$ 9 ! vici\s scum ( ly+ s5sation4 ,& ?is1 ,i grieve to say1 is only a *>act]i/ic type ( a l>ge mass ( popul> ,engli% "w4 ,?is is :at we sp5d our ,teutonic lives 92 engrav+ ) an iron p5 9 ! rock =ev]2 ?is1 ! passion ( ! ,teutonic woman 7z oppos$ to ,virgilia71 j z foxhunt+ is ! passion ( ! ,teutonic man1 z oppos$ to ,val]ius4 #gj4 ,& :ile we delib]ately sp5d all our /r5g?1 & all our t5d]ness1 all our skill1 & all our money1 9 do+1 reli%+1 buy+1 ?is absolute ,wrongness1 ( :i* no?+ c ev] come b disease 9 he>t & bra91 rememb] t all ! mighty works ( ! great pa9t]s ( ! _w1 full ( life1 tru?1 & bless+1 rema9 to ?is pres5t h\r ( ! ye> #ahfe un5grav$6 ,!re lit]ally exi/s no e>ne/ly /udi$ & fully accompli%$ engrav+ ( any v great "w1 except ,leon>do's ,c5a4 ,no l>ge ,v5etian picture has ev] be5 ?or\ghly engrav$4 ,( ,titian's ,pet] ,m>tyr1 !re is ev5 no wor?y memorial transcript b ,le ,febre's4 ,! ,c>toons h be5 multipli$ 9 false read+s2 nev] 9 fai?ful ones till lately by photography4 ,( ! ,disputa & ! ,p>nassus1 :at c ! ,engli% public "k8 ( ! ?\ghtful ,flor5t9es & ,milanese1 ( ,ghirl&ajo1 & ,lu9i1 & _! accompany+ ho/s--:at d !y yet s mu* z c>e to "k8 ,! ,engli% public w n pay1 y reply1 = engrav+s f ! great ma/]s4 ,! ,engli% public w only pay = pictures ( itself2 ( its races1 its rifle-meet+s1 its rail /ations1 its p>lor-passions1 & kit*5 int]e/s2 y mu/ make y\r bread z y may1 by hold+ ! mirror to x4 #ga4 ,fri5ds1 !re h be5 h>d fight+ & heavy sleep+1 ?is _m a day1 on ! o!r side ( ! ,atlantic1 9 ! cause1 z y suppose1 ( ,fre$om aga9/ slav]y2 & y are all1 op5-m\!d1 expect+ ! glories ( ,black ,emancipation4 ,p]haps a little ,:ite ,emancipation on ?is side ( ! wat] might be /ill m desirable1 & m easily & guiltlessly won4 ,d y "k :at slav]y means8 ,suppose a g5tleman tak5 by a ,b>b>y corsair--set to field-"w2 *a9$ & flogg$ to x f dawn to eve4 ,ne$ he be a slave !re=e8 ,by no means2 he is b a h>dly-treat$ prison]4 ,!re is "s "w :i* ! ,b>b>y corsair w n be able to make him d2 su* "w z a ,*ri/ian g5tleman may n d1 t he w n1 ?\gh he die = x4 ,b\nd & sc\rg$ he may be1 b he has he>d ( a ,p]son's be+ b\nd & sc\rg$ be=e n[1 :o 0 n !re=e a slave4 ,he is n a :it m slave = t4 ,b suppose he take ! pirate's pay1 & /ret* 8 back at piratical o>s1 = due sal>y1 h[ !n8 ,suppose = fitt+ price he betray 8 fell[ prison]s1 & take up ! sc\rge in/ead ( endur+ x--become ! smit] in/ead ( ! smitt51 at ! ,african's bidd+--h[ !n8 ,( all ! %eepi% notions 9 our ,engli% public m9d1 ,i ?9k ! simple/ is t slav]y is neutraliz$ :5 y are well paid = x6 ,:]eas x is precisely t fact ( its be+ paid = :i* makes x complete4 ,a man :o has be5 sold by ano!r1 may be b half a slave or none2 b ! man :o has sold himself6 ,he is ! accurately ,f9i%$ ,bondsman4 #gb4 ,& gravely ,i say t ,i "k no captivity s sorr[ful z t ( an arti/ do+1 consci\sly1 bad "w = pay4 ,x is ! s]fdom ( ! f9e/ gifts--( all t %\ld lead & ma/] m51 (f]+ itself to be spit ^u1 & t = a bribe4 ,!re is mu* s]fdom1 9 ,europe1 ( speak]s & writ]s1 b !y only sell words2 & _! talk1 ev5 hone/ly utt]$1 might n h be5 wor? mu*2 x w n be ?\ght ( t5 ye>s h5ce2 /ill less a hundr$ ye>s h5ce4 ,no "o w buy our p>liam5t>y spee*es to keep 9 portfolios ?is "t next c5tury2 & if p are weak en\gh n[ to pay = any special & flatt]+ cad5ce ( syllable1 x is little matt]4 ,b y1 ) y\r pa9fully acquir$ p[]1 y\r unwe>i$ pati5ce1 y\r admirable & manifold gifts1 y\r eloqu5ce 9 black & :ite1 :i* p w buy1 if x is good 7& has a broad m>g971 = fifty gu9eas a copy--9 ! ye> #bjjj2 to sell x all1 z ,ananias 8 l&1 yea1 = s mu*1 & hold y\rselves at e fool's beck1 ) y\r ready po9ts1 poli%$ & %>p1 ha/+ to scrat* :at he wills6 ,to bite p]man5t mis*ief 9 ) acid2 to spread an ink$ infection ( evil all y\r days1 & pass away at la/ f a life ( ! skillfule/ indu/ry--hav+ done :atsoev] y\r h& f\nd 7remun]atively7 to d1 ) y\r might1 & a great might1 b ) cause to ?ank ,god only = ?is--t ! end ( x all has at la/ come1 & t !re is no device nor "w 9 ! ,grave4 ,"o w\ld get quit ( ?is s]vitude1 ,i ?9k1 ?\gh we rea*$ ! place ( ,re/ a little soon]1 & rea*$ x fa/+4 #gc4 ,my ,engli% fell[-workm51 y h ! "n ( lib]ty (t5 on y\r lips2 get ! fact ( x (t5] into y\r bus9ess6 talk ( x less1 & try to und]/& x bett]4 ,y h giv5 /ud5ts _m copy-books ( free-h& outl9es--give !m a few ( free he>t outl9es4 ,x appe>s1 h[ev]1 t y d n int5d to help me ) any utt]ance respect+ ^! same outl9es4#gj ,be x s3 ,i mu/ make out :at ,i c by myself4 ,& "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,sol/itial sign ( ,june ,i w g backw>ds1 or askance1 to ! practical "p ( ! bus9ess1 :]e ,i left x ?ree mon?s ago1 & take up t "q fir/1 t\*+ ,lib]ty1 & ! relation ( ! loose swift l9e to ! resolute sl[ "o & ( ! et*$ l9e to ! engrav$ "o4 ,x is a wor?y "q1 = ! op5 field af=d$ by illu/rat$ works is tempt+ ev5 to our be/ pa9t]s1 & _m an e>ne/ h\r & active fancy sp5d & speak !mselves 9 ! black l9e1 vigor\sly en\gh1 & dramatically1 at all ev5ts3 if wisely1 may be consid]$4 ,! ,fr5* also are ?r[+ great passion into _! eaux =tes--work+ ) a vivid ha/e & d>k1 brilliant fre$om1 :i* look$ z if !y et*$ ) v en]getic wat]s inde$--q wat]s ( life 7x does n look s well1 writt5 9 ,fr5*74 ,s we w take1 ) ! read]'s p]mission1 = text next mon?1 ,rembr&t1 & /rong wat]s4 ,,footnotes3 #fi ,art ,j\rnal1 vol4 iv41 pp4 #abi-cj4 ,may #ahfe4--;,,ed4 #gj ,i h receiv$ "s int]e/+ private lett]s1 b _c make use ( !m at pres5t1 because !y ent] into g5]al discussion in/ead ( answ]+ ! specific "q ,i ask$1 respect+ ! p[] ( ! black l9e2 & ,i mu/ obs]ve to correspond5ts t 9 future _! lett]s %\ld be address$ to ! ,editor ( ?is ,j\rnal1 n to me2 z ,i d n wi% to incur ! responsibility ( selection4 ,,*apt] ,v4#ga #gd4 ,! "w ,i h to d 9 ?is pap] ought1 rightly1 to h be5 ?r[n into ! =m ( an app5dix to ! la/ *apt]2 = x is no l9k ( ! ce/us ( ,aglaia we h to exam9e1 b "o ( ! cre/s ( can9e passion 9 ! ce/us ( ,scylla4 ,nev]!less1 ! girdle ( ! ,grace _c be disc]n$ 9 ! full brightness ( x1 b by comp>+ x ) ! d>k torm5t ( t o!r2 & 79 :at place or =m matt]s little7 ! "w has to be done4 ,rembr&t ,van ,rhyn--x is said1 9 ! la/ edition ( a v valuable "w#gb 7= :i*1 nev]!less1 ,i c\ld wi% t great] lightness 9 ! h& %\ld be obta9$ by ! publication ( its in=mation 9 "o volume1 & its criticism 9 ano!r7--0 ! mo/ attractive & orig9al ( pa9t]s4 ,x may be s2 b !re are attractions1 & attractions4 ,! sun attracts ! planets--& a c&le1 night-mo?s2 ! "o ) p]haps some:at ( b5efit to ! planets2--b ) :at b5efit ! o!r to ! mo?s1 "o w\ld be glad to le>n f ^? des]t flies1 ( :om1 "o company hav+ ext+ui%$ ,mr4 ,k+lake's c&le ) _! bodies1 ! rema9d]1 :o _h fail$ 9 obta9+ ?is m>tyrdom1 became sudd5ly s]i\s1 & clung despond+ly to ! canvas4 #ge4 ,also1 !re are orig9alities1 & orig9alities4 ,to inv5t a new ?+1 :i* is also a preci\s ?+2 to be /ruck by a div9ely-guid$ ,rod1 & become a sudd5 f\nta9 ( life to ?ir/y multitudes--?is is enviable4 ,b to be di/9ct ( m5 9 an orig9al ,s92 elect = ! initial lett] ( a ,lie2 ! fir/ app>5t spot ( an unkn[n plague2 a ,root ( bitt]ness1 & ! fir/-born worm ( a company1 /udy+ an orig9al ,de-,composition1--?is is p]haps n s enviable4 ,& if we ?9k ( x1 mo/ human orig9ality is apt to be ( t k9d4 ,goodness is "o1 & immortal2 x may be receiv$ & communicat$--n orig9at$3 b ,evil is v>i\s & recurr5t1 & may be misbegott5 9 endlessly surpris+ ways4 #gf4 ,b1 t we may "k bett] 9 :at ?is orig9ality consi/s1 we f9d t our au?or1 aft] expatiat+ on ! va/ area ( ! ,pan!on1 illum9at$ solely by ! small circul> op5+ 9 ! dome above1 & on o!r simil> conditions ( lum9\s contraction1 tells u t to ,rembr&t belongs ! glory ( hav+ fir/ embodi$ 9 ,art1 & p]petuat$1 ^! r>e & beautiful effects ( nature4 ,su* effects are inde$ r>e 9 nature2 b !y are n r>e1 absolutely4 ,! sky1 ) ! sun 9 x1 does n usually give ! impression ( be+ dimly light$ ?r\gh a circul> hole2 b y may obs]ve a v simil> effect any day 9 y\r coal-cell>4 ,! light is n ,rembr&tesque on ! curr5t1 or banks1 ( a riv]2 b x is on ^? ( a dra94 ,color is n ,rembr&tesque1 usually1 9 a clean h\se2 b is pres5tly obta9able ( t quality 9 a dirty "o4 ,& )\t d5y+ ! pleasantness ( ! mode ( progression :i* ,mr4 ,hazlitt1 p]haps too en?usia/ically1 describes z atta9able 9 a backgr\nd ( ,rembr&t's--,y /agg] f "o abyss ( obscurity to ano!r--,i _c feel x an entirely glori\s speciality to be di/+ui%$1 z ,rembr&t 01 f o!r great pa9t]s1 *iefly by ! livel9ess ( 8 d>kness1 & ! dullness ( 8 light4 ,glori\s1 or +lori\s1 ! speciality itself is easily & accurately def9able4 ,x is ! aim ( ! be/ pa9t]s to pa9t ! noble/ ?+s !y c see by sunlight4 ,x 0 ! aim ( ,rembr&t to pa9t ! f\le/ ?+s he c\ld see--by ru%light4 #gg4 ,by ru%light1 obs]ve3 mat]ial & spiritual4 ,z ! sun = ! out] _w2 s 9 ! inn] _w ( man1 t :i* ,greek3 ereuna tameua koilias#gc--! c&le ( ,god1 se>*+ ! inmo/ p>ts4 ,if t light )9 become b a m active k9d ( d>kness2--if1 abdicat+ ! measur+ re$ ( mode/y = scept]1 & ceas+ to measure ) x1 we dip x 9 su* unctu\s & inflammable refuse z we c f9d1 & make our s\l's light into a tall[ c&le1 & !nce=w>d take our gutt]+1 sputt]+1 ill-smell+ illum9ation ab\t ) u1 hold+ x out 9 fetid f+]s--encumb]$ ) its lurid w>m? ( fung\s wick1 & drip ( /alactitic grease--t we may see1 :5 ano!r man w\ld h se51 or dream$ he saw1 ! flight ( a div9e ,virg9--only ! lamplight ^u ! hair ( a co/]mong]'s ass2--t1 hav+ to pa9t ! good ,sam>itan1 we may see only 9 di/ance ! back ( ! good ,sam>itan1 & 9 ne>ness ! back ( ! good ,sam>itan's dog2--t hav+ to pa9t ! ,annunciation to ! ,%eph]ds1 we may turn ! ann\ncem5t ( peace to m51 into an ann\ncem5t ( m]e panic to bea/s2 &1 9 an unsightly firework ( unsightli] angels1 see1 z we see always1 ! feet in/ead ( ! head1 & ! %ame in/ead ( ! honor2--& f9ally conc5trate & re/ ! sum ( our fame1 z ,titian on ! ,assumption ( a _s1 s we on ! dissection ( a c>cass1--p]haps by su* fatu\s fire1 ! less we walk1 & by su* phosphoric gl[1 ! less we %9e1 ! bett] x may be = u1 & = all :o w\ld foll[ u4 #gh4 ,d n ?9k ,i d5y ! greatness ( ,rembr&t4 ,9 m]e te*nical p[] 7none ( 8 eulogi/s "k t p[] bett] ?an ,i1 nor decl>e x 9 m di/9ct t]ms7 he might1 if he _h be5 educat$ 9 a true s*ool1 h tak5 rank ) ! ,v5etians !mselves4 ,b t type ( di/9ction betwe5 ,titian's ,assumption1 & ,rembr&t's ,dissection1 w repres5t = y ) suffici5t significance ! mann] ( *oice 9 all _! "w2 only x %\ld be associat$ ) ano!r *>act]i/ic example ( ! same opposition 7:i* ,i h dwelt ^u else:]e7 betwe5 ,v]onese & ,rembr&t1 9 _! conception ( dome/ic life4 ,rembr&t's picture1 at ,dresd51 ( himself1 ) 8 wife sitt+ on 8 knee1 a roa/$ peacock on ! table1 & a glass ( *ampagne 9 8 h&1 is ! be/ "w ,i "k ( all he has left2 & x m>ks 8 speciality ) entire decision4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 a dim c&lelight2 & ! *oice ( ! s5sual passions z ! ?+s specially & =ev] to be describ$ & immortaliz$ out ( 8 own private life & love1 is exactly t pa9t+ ! f\le/ ?+ by ru%light :i* ,i h /at$ to be ! endur+ purpose ( 8 m9d4 ,& y w f9d ?is hold 9 all m9or treatm5t2 & t to ! utt]mo/3 = z by y\r brok5 ru%light y see little1 & only corn]s & po9ts ( ?+s1 & ^? v corn]s & po9ts ill & di/ort$ly2 s1 al?\gh ,rembr&t kn[s ! human face & h&1 & nev] fails 9 ^!1 :5 !y are ugly1 & he *ooses to take pa9s ) !m1 he kn[s no?+ else3 ! m pa9s he takes ) ev5 famili> animals1 ! worse !y are 7witness ! horse 9 t plate ( ! ,good ,sam>itan71 & any attempts to f9i% ! fir/ scribbl$ en]gy ( 8 imag9>y lions & tig]s1 end always only 9 ! loss ( ! fi5di% p[] & rage :i* 7 all he c\ld conceive 9 an animal4 #gi4 ,8 l&scape1 & =egr\nd vegetation1 ,i mean aft]w>ds to exam9e 9 comp>ison ) ,du]]'s2 b ! real calib] & nature ( ! man are be/ to be und]/ood by comp>+ ! puny1 ill-drawn1 t]rorless1 helpless1 begg>ly skeleton 9 8 ,y\? ,surpris$ by ,dea?1 ) ! figure beh9d ! tree 9 ,du]]'s plate 7?\gh x is q "o ( ,du]]'s feeble/7 ( ! same subject4 ,absolutely ignorant ( all natural ph5om5a & law2 absolutely c>eless ( all lovely liv+ =m1 or gr[?1 or /ructure2 able only to r5d] ) "s approa* to v]acity1 :at alone he _h look$ at ) "s approa* to att5tion1--! pawnbrok]'s fe/]+ heaps ( old clo!s1 & caps1 & %oes--,rembr&t's execution is "o gr& evasion1 & 8 temp] ! grim contempt ( a /rong & sull5 animal 9 its defil$ d51 = ! humanity ) :i* x is at w>1 = ! fl[]s :i* x tramples1 & ! light :i* x fe>s4 #hj4 ,aga91 d n let x be ?\ght t :5 ,i call 8 execution evasive1 ,i ignore ! diff]5ce betwe5 8 t\*1 on br[ or lip1 & a common workman's2 b ! :ole s*ool ( et*+ :i* he f\nd$1 7& ( pa9t+1 s f> z x diff]s f ,v5etian "w7 is inh]5tly loose & exp]im5tal4 ,et*+ is ! v refuge & mask ( s5tim5tal unc]ta9ty1 & ( vigor\s ignorance4 ,if y "k any?+ cle>ly1 & h a firm h&1 dep5d ^u x1 y w draw x cle>ly2 y w n c>e to hide x among scrat*es & burrs4 ,& h]e9 is ! fir/ gr& di/9ction betwe5 et*+ & engrav+--t 9 ! et*+ ne$le y h an almo/ irresi/ible temptation to a wanton spe$4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 no real necessity = su* a di/9ction2 an et*$ l9e may h be5 j z /eadily drawn1 & s]i\sly meant1 z an engrav$ "o2 & = ! mom5t1 waiv+ consid]ation ( ?is di/9ction1 & oppos+ ,rembr&t's "w1 consid]$ m]ely z "w ( ! black l9e1 to ,holbe9's & ,du]]'s1 z "w ( ! black l9e1 ,i ass]t ,rembr&t's to be inh]5tly evasive4 ,y _c unite 8 mann] ) !irs2 *oice betwe5 !m is /]nly put to y1 :5 fir/ y t\* ! /eel4 ,suppose1 = in/ance1 y h to engrave1 or et*1 or draw ) p5 & ink1 a s+le head1 & t ! head is to be approximately half an in* 9 height m or less 7!re is a reason = assign+ ?is condition respect+ size1 :i* we w exam9e 9 due "t73 y h x 9 y\r p[] to d x 9 "o ( two ways4 ,y may lay d[n "s tw5ty or ?irty entirely firm & visible l9es1 ( :i* e "o %all be absolutely "r1 & d ! utmo/ a l9e c d4 ,by _! curvature !y %all r5d] cont\r2 by _! ?ickness1 %ade2 by _! place & =m1 e tru? ( expression1 & e condition ( design4 ,! head ( ! soldi] draw+ 8 sword1 9 ,du]]'s ,cannon1 is ab\t half an in* high1 suppos+ ! br[ to be se54 ,! *9 is drawn ) ?ree l9es1 ! l[] lip ) two1 ! upp]1 includ+ ! %ad[ f ! nose1 ) five4 ,?ree sep>ate ! *eek f ! *91 giv+ ! pr9cipal po9ts ( "*4 ,six l9es draw ! *eek1 & its incis$ traces ( c>e2 f\r are giv5 to ea* ( ! eyes2 "o1 ) ! outl9e1 to ! nose2 ?ree to ! fr[n ( ! =ehead4 ,none ( ^! t\*es c\ld any:]e be alt]$--none remov$1 )\t in/antly visible h>m2 & _! result is a head z p]fect 9 "* z a portrait by ,reynolds4 #ha4 ,y may ei!r d ?is--:i*1 if y c1 x w g5]ally be v advisable to d--or1 on ! o!r h&1 y may cov] ! face ) innum]able scrat*es1 & let y\r h& play ) wanton fre$om1 until ! graceful scrabble conc5trates itself into %ade4 ,y may s(t5--efface--ret\*--rebite--dot1 & hat*1 & r$ef9e4 ,if y are a great ma/]1 y w soon get y\r "*1 & probably keep x 7,rembr&t (t5 gets x at fir/1 ne>ly z securely z ,du]]72 b ! design ( x w be necess>ily se5 ?r\gh loose "w1 & modifi$ by accid5t 7z y ?9k7 =tunate4 ,! accid5ts :i* occur to a practic$ h& are always at fir/ pleas+--! details :i* c be h9t$1 h[ev] falsely1 ?r\gh ! ga!r+ my/]y1 are always s$uc+4 ,y w f9d y\rself gradually dwell+ m & m on little meannesses ( =m & texture1 & lu/]s ( surface3 on cracks ( sk91 & films ( fur & plume4 ,y w lose y\r way1 & !n see two ways1 & !n _m ways1 & try to walk a little di/ance on all ( !m 9 turn1 & s1 back aga94 ,y w f9d y\rself ?9k+ ( colors1 & vex$ because y _c imitate !m2 next1 /ruggl+ to r5d] di/ances by indecision1 :i* y _c by tone4 ,pres5tly y w be cont5d+ ) f9i%$ pictures2 labor+ at ! et*+1 z if x 7 a pa9t+4 ,y w leave (f1 aft] a :ole day's "w 7aft] _m days' "w if y *oose to give !m71 /ill unsatisfi$4 ,= f9al result--if y are z great z ,rembr&t--y w h mo/ likely a heavy1 black1 cl\dy /a91 ) less "* 9 x ?an ! fir/ t5 l9es _h4 ,if y are n z great z ,rembr&t1 y w h a /a9 by no means cl\dy2 b s&y & brok51--in/ead ( a face1 a speckl$ phantom ( a face1 pat*$1 blot*$1 discomfit$ 9 e texture & =m--ugly1 assur$ly2 dull1 probably2 an unmanageable & manifold failure ill conceal$ by mom5t>y1 accid5tal1 undelightful1 ignoble success4 ,undelightful2 note ?is especially1 = x is ! peculi> "* ( et*+ t x _c r5d] beauty4 ,y may hat* & scrat* y\r way to picturesqu5ess or to de=mity--nev] to beauty4 ,y c et* an old woman1 or an ill-condition$ fell[4 ,b y _c et* a girl--nor1 unless 9 8 old age1 or ) v p>tial r5d]+ ( him1 a g5tleman4 #hb4 ,& ?us1 z f>!r belong+ to1 & p>tly causative (1 _! *oice ( means1 !re is always a t5d5cy 9 et*]s to fa/5 on unlovely objects2 & ! :ole s*eme ( mod]n rapid "w ( ?is k9d is connect$ ) a peculi> gloom :i* results f ! conf9em5t ( m51 p>tially in=m$1 & :olly untra9$1 9 ! mid/ ( f\l & vici\s cities4 ,a s5sitive & imag9ative y\?1 e>ly driv5 to get 8 liv+ by 8 art1 has to lodge1 we w say1 some:]e 9 ! by-/reets ( ,p>is1 & is left !re1 tutorless1 to 8 own devices4 ,suppose him also vici\s or reckless1 & !re ne$ be no talk ( 8 "w f>!r2 he w c]ta9ly d no?+ 9 a ,du]]esque mann]4 ,b suppose him self-d5y+1 virtu\s1 full ( gift & p[]--:at are ! elem5ts ( liv+ /udy )9 8 rea*8 ,all supreme beauty is conf9$ to ! high] salons4 ,!re are pretty faces 9 ! /reets1 b no /atel9ess nor spl5dor ( humanity2 all pa?os & gr&eur is 9 suff]+2 no purity ( nature is accessible1 b only a t]rible picturesqu5ess1 mix$ ) gha/ly1 ) ludicr\s1 ) base concomitants4 ,huge walls & ro(s1 d>k on ! sunset sky1 b pla/]$ ) adv]tisem5t bills1 mon/r\s-figur$1 se5 f>!r ?an ev] ,p>!non %aft1 or spire ( ,sa9te ,*apelle4 ,int]m9able l9es ( massy /reets1 we>isome ) repetition ( commone/ design1 & degrad$ by _! gild$ %ops1 wide-fum+1 flaunt+1 glitt]+1 ) app>atus ( eat+ or ( dress4 ,spl5dor ( palace-flank & goodly quay1 insult$ by float+ cumb] ( b>ge & ba?1 trivial1 grotesque1 indec5t1 z cleans+ vessels 9 a royal reception room4 ,solemn av5ues ( blossom$ trees1 %ad+ puppet-%[ & baby-play2 glades ( wild-wood1 long )drawn1 purple ) fad$ %ad[s ( blood2 sweet w9d+s & rea*es ( riv] f> among ! br[n v9es & :ite or*>ds1 *eck$ "h by ! ,ile ,notre ,dame1 to receive _! nightly sacrifice1 & aft] play+ ) x among _! eddies1 to give x up aga91 9 ^? quiet %apes t lie on ! slop$ slate tables ( ! squ>e-built ,temple ( ! ,dea?-,sibyl1 :o presides "h ov] spray ( ,se9e1 z yond] at ,tib] ov] spray ( ,anio4 ,sibyll9e1 inde$1 9 h] secrecy1 & h] seal+ ( de/9ies1 by ! baptism ( ! quick wat]-drops :i* fall on ea* fad+ face1 unrecogniz$1 nameless 9 ?is ,baptism =ev]4 ,wrea!d ?us ?r\gh\t1 t ,p>is t[n1 ) beauty1 & ) unseemly s91 unseemli] dea?1 z a fi5d-city ) fair eyes2 =ev] lett+ fall h] silk5 raim5t s f> z t "o may behold h] bosom & half h] side4 ,"u ^: :isp]$ tea*+1 & sub/itution ( ,contes ,drolatiques = ! tales ( ! wood fairy1 h] *ildr5 ( ,imag9ation w d1 :at ,g]ome & ,gu/ave ,dore are do+1 & h] :ole _w ( less] ,art w s9k into %ad[s ( ! /reet & ( ! b\doir-curta91 :]e9 ! et*+ po9t may disport itself ) fre$om en\gh4#gd #hc4 ,nor are we slack 9 our companion%ip 9 ^! c\rses4 ,our imag9ation is sl[] & clumsi] ?an ! ,fr5*--r>] also1 by f>1 9 ! av]age ,engli% m9d4 ,! only man ( p[] equal to ,dore's :om we h _h lately among u1 0 ,william ,blake1 ^: temp] =tunately took ano!r turn4 ,b 9 ! calamity & vulg>ity ( daily circum/ance1 9 ! horror ( our /reets1 9 ! discordance ( our ?\ghts1 9 ! labori\s loos5ess & o/5tati\s clev]ness ( our "w1 we are alike4 ,& to ,fr5* faults we add a /upidity ( our own2 = :i*1 s f> z ,i may 9 mode/y take blame = any?+1 z result+ f my own tea*+1 ,i am m answ]able ?an mo/ m54 ,hav+ spok5 e>ne/ly aga9/ pa9t+ )\t ?9k+1 ,i n[ f9d our exhibitions decorat$ ) works ( /ud5ts :o ?9k )\t pa9t+2 & our books illu/rat$ by scrat*$ wood-cuts1 repres5t+ v ord9>y p1 :o are presum$ to be int]e/+ 9 ! picture1 because ! text tells a /ory ab\t !m4 ,( ?is lea/ lively =m ( mod]n s5sational "w1 h[ev]1 ,i %all h to speak on o!r gr\nds2 meantime1 ,i am conc]n$ only ) its mann]2 its incont95ce ( l9e & me?od1 associat$ ) ! slightness ( its real ?\ght1 & morbid acut5ess ( irregul> s5sation2 ungov]n$ all1 & "o ( ! ext]nal & slight phases ( t beautiful ,lib]ty :i* we are proclaim+ z ess5ce ( gospel to all ! e>?1 & %all pres5tly1 ,i suppose1 :5 we h _h en\gh ( x "h1 proclaim also to ! />s1 ) invitation to !m out ( _! c\rses4 #hd4 ,b y ask$ u = 'free-he>t' outl9es1 & told u n to be slaves1 only ?irty days ago4#ge ,inconsi/5t t ,i am6 s ,i did4 ,b z !re are attractions1 & attractions2 orig9alities1 & orig9alities1 !re are lib]ties1 & lib]ties4 ,yond] torr5t1 cry/al-cle>1 & arr[-swift1 ) its spray leap+ into ! air l :ite troops ( fawns1 is free1 ,i ?9k4 ,lo/1 yond]1 amid/ bankless1 b\ndless m>%--soak+ 9 sl[ %all[ness1 z x w1 hi!r & ?i!r1 li/less1 among ! poison\s re$s & unresi/+ slime--x is free also4 ,y may *oose :i* lib]ty y w1 & re/ra9t ( voiceful rock1 or ! dumb & edgeless %ore ( d>k5$ s&4 ,( t evil lib]ty1 :i* m5 are n[ glorify+1--& ( its opposite cont95ce--:i* is ! clasp & ,greek3 *rusee p]one ( ,aglaia's ce/us--we w try to f9d out some?+ 9 next *apt]4#gf ,,footnotes3 #ga ,art ,j\rnal1 vol4 iv41 pp4 #agg-h4 ,june #ahfe4--;,,ed4 #gb ,wornum's ,epo*s ( ,pa9t+4 ,i h cont9ual occasion to qu>rel ) my fri5d on ^! matt]s ( critical "q2 b ,i h deep respect = 8 e>ne/ & pati5t rese>*1 & we rema9 fri5ds--on ! condition t ,i am to le>n mu* f him1 & he 7?\gh x may be que/ionable ^: fault t is7 no?+ f me4 #gc ,prov4 xx1 #bg4 #gd ,z ,i 0 prep>+ ^! %eets = press1 ,i *anc$ on a passage 9 a novel ( ,*ampfleury's1 9 :i* "o "y /ud5t is enc\rag+ ano!r 9 8 conte/ ) ^! & o!r su* evils2--! evils are 9 ?is passage accept$ z necessities2 ! inevitable deadl9ess ( ! elem5t is n se51 z x c h>dly be except by ^? :o live out ( x4 ,! enc\ragem5t1 on su* view1 is good & "r2 ! connection ( ! "y et*]'s p[] ) 8 pov]ty is curi\sly illu/rative ( ! /atem5ts 9 ! text1 & ! :ole passage1 ?\gh long1 is well wor? su* space z x w ask "h1 9 our small pr9t4 ,cep5dant1 dit ,?omas1 on a vu des pe9tres de tal5t qui etai5t p>tis de ,p>is apres avoir expose de bons tableaux et qui s'en rev5ai5t classiquem5t ennuyeux4 ,c'e/ done la faute de l'enseignem5t de l',academie4 ,bah6 dit ,g]>d1 ri5 n'arrete le developpem5t d'un homme puisqu'il compr5d l'art1 p\rquoi ne fait-il pas d'art8 ,p>ce qu'il gagne a peu pres sa vie en faisant du comm]ce4 ,on dirait que tu ne veux pas me compr5dre1 toi qui z ju/em5t passe p> la4 ,comm5t faisais-tu qu& tu etais compositeur d'une imprim]ie8 ,le soir1 dit ,?omas1 et le mat9 en hiv]1 a p>tir de quatre heures1 je faisais des etudes a la lampe p5dant deux heures1 jusqu'au mom5t ou j'allais a l'ateli]4 ,et tu ne vivais pas de la pe9ture8 ,je ne gagnais pas un s\4 ,bon6 dit ,g]>d2 tu vois bi5 que tu faisais du comm]ce en dehors de l'art et que cep5dant tu etudiais4 ,qu& tu es sorti de l'imprim]ie comm5t z-tu vecu8 ,je faisais c9q ou six petites aqu>elles p> j\r1 que je v5dais1 s\s les arcades de l',in/itut1 six s\s piece4 ,et tu en vivais2 c'e/ encore du comm]ce4 ,tu vois done que ni l'imprim]ie1 ni les petits dess9s1 a c9q s\s1 ni la privation1 ni la mis]e ne t'ont empe*e d'arriv]4 ,je ne suis pas arrive4 ,n'importe1 tu arriv]as c]ta9em5t4 4 4 4 ,si tu veux d'autres exemples qui pr\v5t que la mis]e et les autres pieges t5dus s\s nos pas ne doiv5t ri5 arret]1 tu te rappelles bi5 ce pauvre g>con dont v\s admiriez les eaux-=tes1 que v\s mettiez aussi haut que ,rembr&t1 et qui aurait ete lion1 disiez-v\s1 s'il n'avait tant s\ff]t de la faim4 ,qu'a-t-il fait le j\r ou il lui e/ tombe un petit h]itage du ciel8 ,il e/ vrai1 dit ,?omas1 emb>rasse2 qu'il a p]du t\t son s5tim5t4 ,ce n'etait pas cep5dant une de ces grosses =tunes qui tu5t un homme1 qui le r5d5t l\rd1 fi] et insol5t3 il avait ju/e de quoi vivre1 six c5ts francs de r5tes1 une =tune p\r lui1 qui vivait avec c9q francs p> mois4 ,il a cont9ue a travaill]2 mais ses eaux-=tes n'etai5t plus supportables2 t&is qu'avant1 il vivait avec un morceau de pa9 et des legumes2 alors il avait du tal5t4 ,cela1 ,?omas1 doit te pr\v] que ni les mauvais enseignem5ts1 ni les influ5ces1 ni la mis]e1 ni la faim1 ni la maladie1 ne peuv5t corrompre une nature bi5 d\ee4 ,elle s\ffre2 mais tr\ve moi un gr& arti/e qui n'ait pas s\ff]t4 ,il n'y a pas un seul homme de d5ie heureux depuis que l'humanite exi/e4 ,j'ai envie1 dit ,?omas1 de te faire cadeau d'une jolie cravate4 ,p\rquoi8 dit ,g]>d4 ,p>ce que tu z bi5 p>le4 #ge ,see ante1 p4 #cdc1 ,sec4 #gc4--;,,ed4 #gf ,*apt] ,,vi41 :i* is "h omitt$1 hav+ be5 already repr9t$ 9 ,! ,que5 ( ! ,air 7,sec4,sec4 #adb-aei71 toge!r ) ! la/ p>agraph 7some:at alt]$7 ( ! pres5t *apt]4 ,aft] ! publication ( ,*apt] ,,vi4 ! essays 7 discont9u$ until ,janu>y #ahff4--;,,ed4 ---------------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s note3 ,*apt] ,,vi is miss+ f ! orig9al4 ---------------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,vii4#gg #he4 ,9 recomm5c+ ?is s]ies ( pap]s1 ,i may p]haps take p]mission briefly to rem9d ! read] ( ! special purpose :i* my desultory way ( writ+1 7( s va/ a subject ,i f9d x impossible to write o!rwise ?an desultorily71 may cause him sometimes to lose sight (2 ! asc]ta9m5t1 namely1 ( "s laws = pres5t practice ( ,art 9 our s*ools1 :i* may be admitt$1 if n ) absolute1 at lea/ ) a suffici5t cons5t1 by lead+ arti/s4 ,!re are inde$ _m pr9ciples on :i* diff]5t m5 mu/ ev] be at v>iance2 o!rs1 respect+ :i* x may be impossible to obta9 any practical cons5t 9 c]ta9 phases ( p>ticul> s*ools4 ,b !re are a few1 :i*1 ,i ?9k1 9 all times ( m]itori\s ,art1 ! lead+ pa9t]s w\ld admit2 & o!rs :i*1 by discussion1 might be arriv$ at1 z1 at all ev5ts1 ! be/ discov]able = ! "t4 #hf4 ,"o ( ^? :i* ,i suppose great workm5 w\ld always admit1 is1 t1 :atev] mat]ial we use1 ! virtues ( t mat]ial are to be exhibit$1 & its defects frankly admitt$2 no ef=t be+ made to conqu] ^? defects by su* skill z may make ! mat]ial resemble ano!r4 ,= in/ance1 9 ! dispute s frequ5tly reviv$ by ! public1 t\*+ ! relative m]its ( oil color & wat] color2 ,i d n ?9k a great pa9t] w\ld ev] consid] x a m]it 9 a wat] color to h ! =ce ( oil4 ,he w\ld l x to h ! peculi> delicacy1 pal5ess1 & transp>5cy belong+ specially to its own mat]ial4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i ?9k he w\ld n l an oil pa9t+ to h ! deadness or pal5ess ( a wat] color4 ,he w\ld l x to h ! deep %ad[s1 & ! ri* gl[1 & crumbl+ & bossy t\*es :i* are alone atta9able 9 oil color4 ,& if he pa9t$ 9 fresco1 he w\ld nei!r aim at ! transp>5cy ( wat] color1 nor ! ri*ness ( oil2 b at lum9\s bloom ( surface1 & dignity ( cle>ly visible =m4 ,i d n ?9k t ?is pr9ciple w\ld be disput$ by arti/s ( great p[] at any "t1 or 9 any c\ntry2 ?\gh1 if by mis*ance !y _h be5 compell$ to "w 9 "o mat]ial1 :ile desir+ ! qualities only atta9able 9 ano!r1 !y might /rive1 & m]itori\sly /rive1 = ^? bett] results1 ) :at !y _h "u _! h&4 ,! *ange ( mann] 9 ,william ,hunt's "w1 9 ! lat] "p ( 8 life1 0 an example ( ?is4 ,z 8 art became m develop$1 he p]ceiv$ 9 8 subjects qualities :i* x 0 impossible to express 9 a transp>5t m$ium2 & employ$ opaque :ite to draw )1 :5 ! f9] =ms ( reliev$ light c\ld n be o!rwise foll[$4 ,x 0 out ( 8 p[] to d m ?an ?is1 s9ce 9 lat] life any attempt to le>n ! manipulation ( oil color w\ld h be5 unadvisable2 & he obta9$ results ( s+ul> beauty2 ?\gh _! preci\sness & completion w\ld nev]1 9 a well-f\nd$ s*ool ( ,art1 h be5 tru/$ to ! frail sub/ance ( wat] color4 #hg4 ,b al?\gh ,i d n suppose t ! ab/ract pr9ciple ( do+ ) ea* mat]ial :at x is be/ fitt$ to d1 w\ld be1 9 t]ms1 any:]e d5i$2 ! practical "q is always1 n :at %\ld be done ) ?is1 or t1 if ev]y?+ 7 9 our p[]2 b :at c be1 or ought to be1 accompli%$ ) ! means at our disposal1 & 9 ! circum/ances "u :i* we mu/ necess>ily "w4 ,?us1 9 ! "q imm$iately be=e u1 ( ! prop] use ( ! black l9e--x is easy to e/abli% ! prop] virtue ( ,l9e "w1 z ess5tially ,de-,l9eation1 ! express+ by outl9e ! true limits ( =ms1 :i* di/+ui% & "p !m f o!r =ms2 j z ! virtue ( bru% "w is ess5tially bread?1 s(tness1 & bl5d+ ( =ms4 ,&1 9 ! ab/ract1 ! po9t ought n to be us$ :]e ! aim is n t ( def9ition1 nor ! bru% to be us$ :]e ! aim is n t ( bread?4 ,e pa9t+ 9 :i* ! aim is prim>ily t ( draw+1 & e draw+ 9 :i* ! aim is prim>ily t ( pa9t+1 mu/ alike be 9 a measure errone\s4 ,b x is "o ?+ to det]m9e :at %\ld be done ) ! black l9e1 9 a p]iod ( highly discipl9$ & widely practic$ art1 & q ano!r ?+ to say :at %\ld be done ) x1 at ?is pres5t "t1 9 ,engl&4 ,especially1 ! increas+ int]e/ & usefulness ( our illu/rat$ books r5d] ?is an inquiry ( v great social & educational importance4 ,on ! "o side1 ! skill & felicity ( ! "w sp5t ^u !m1 & ! advantage :i* "y read]s1 if n ^? ( all ages1 might d]ive f hav+ examples ( good draw+ put famili>ly be=e _! eyes1 _c be ov]rat$2 yet1 on ! o!r side1 nei!r ! admirable skill nor free felicity ( ! "w c ultimately be held a c\nt]poise = ! want--if !re be a want--( /]l+ excell5ce3 :ile1 f>!r1 ?is increas$ p[] ( obta9+ examples ( art = private possession1 at an almo/ nom9al price1 has two accompany+ evils3 x prev5ts ! prop] use ( :at we h1 by divid+ ! att5tion1 & cont9ually lead+ u re/lessly to dem& new subjects ( int]e/1 :ile ! old are z yet n half exhau/$2 & x prev5ts u--satisfi$ ) ! multiplication ( m9or art 9 our own possession--f look+ = a bett] satisfaction 9 great public works4 #hh4 ,obs]ve1 fir/1 x prev5ts ! prop] use ( :at we h4 ,i (t5 endeavor1 ?\gh ) little success1 to conceive :at w\ld h be5 ! effect on my m9d1 :5 ,i 0 a boy1 ( hav+ su* a book giv5 me z ,watson's ,illu/rat$ ,rob9son ,crusoe4#gh ,! edition ,i _h 0 a small octavo "o1 9 two volumes1 pr9t$ at ! ,*iswick ,press 9 #ahab4 ,x has1 9 ea* volume1 eight or t5 v rude vignettes1 ab\t a c\ple ( in*es wide2 cut 9 ! simple1 b legitimate1 mann] ( ,bewick1 &1 ?\gh :olly commonplace & devoid ( beauty1 yet1 z f> z !y g1 rightly done2 & "h & !re suffici5tly sugge/ive ( pla9 facts4 ,i am q unable to say h[ f> ,i wa/$1--h[ f> ,i sp5t to advantage1--! unacc\ntable h\rs dur+ :i* ,i por$ ov] ^! wood-cuts2 receiv+ m real s5sation ( sympa!tic t]ror f ! drift+ hair & fe>-/rick5 face ( ,crusoe da%$ aga9/ ! rock1 9 ! rude attempt at ! repres5tation ( 8 escape f ! wreck1 ?an ,i c n[ f ! highe/ art2 ?\gh ! rocks & wat] are alike cut only ) a few twi/$ or curv$ l9es1 & !re is n ! slighte/ attempt at light & %ade1 or imitative resemblance4 ,= "o ?+1 ,i am q sure t be+ =c$ to make all ,i c\ld out ( v little ?+s1 & to rema9 long cont5t$ ) !m1 n only 9 great "p =m$ ! p[] ( close analysis 9 my m9d1 & ! habit ( /eady contemplation2 b r5d]$ ! p[] ( great] art ov] me1 :5 ,i fir/ saw x1 z int5se z t ( magic2 s t x appeal$ to me l a vision out ( ano!r _w4 #hi4 ,on ! o!r h& ?is long cont5tm5t ) inf]ior "w1 & ! consequ5t acute enjoym5t ( :atev] 0 ! lea/ sugge/ive ( tru? 9 a high] degree1 r5d]$ me long c>eless ( ! highe/ virtues ( execution1 & ret>d$ by _m ye>s ! matur+ & balanc+ ( ! g5]al p[] ( judgm5t4 ,& ,i am n[1 z ,i said1 q unable to imag9e :at w\ld h be5 ! result ^u me1 ( be+ enabl$ to /udy1 in/ead ( ^! co>se vignettes1 su* lovely & expressive "w z t ( ,watson2 suppose1 = in/ance1 ! vignette at p4 #hg1 :i* w\ld h be5 sure to h caught my fancy1 because ( ! dog1 ) its head on ,crusoe's knee1 look+ up & try+ to und]/& :at is ! matt] ) 8 ma/]4 ,x rema9s to be se51 & c only be kn[n by exp]i5ce1 :at w actually be ! effect ( ^! treasures on ! m9ds ( *ildr5 t possess !m4 ,! result mu/ be 9 "s sort diff]5t f any?+ yet kn[n2 no su* art 0 ev] yet atta9able by ! y\? ( any nation4 ,yet ( ?is !re c1 z ,i h j said1 be no reasonable d\bt2--t x is n well to make ! imag9ation indol5t1 or take its "w out ( its h&s by supply+ cont9ual pictures ( :at might be suffici5tly conceiv$ )\t pictures4 #ij4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! prec$+ vignette1 9 ! same book1 ,crusoe look+ at ! fir/ %oots ( b>ley4 ,no?+ c be m natural or successful z a repres5tation2 b1 aft] all1 :atev] ! importance ( ! mom5t 9 ,crusoe's hi/ory1 ! picture c %[ u no?+ m ?an a man 9 a :ite %irt & d>k pantaloons1 9 an attitude ( surprise2 & ! imag9ation ought to be able to compass s mu* z ?is )\t help4 ,& if s labori\s aid be giv51 mu* m ought to be giv54 ,! virtue ( ,art1 z ( life1 is t no l9e %all be 9 va94 ,n[ ! numb] ( l9es 9 ?is vignette1 appli$ ) full int5tion ( ?\ght 9 e t\*1 z !y w\ld h be5 by ,holbe9 or ,du]]1 are q en\gh to h produc$1--n a m]ely deceptive da% ( local color1 ) evanesc5t backgr\nd1--b an entirely p]fect piece ( *i>oscuro1 ) its lights all truly limit$ & gradat$1 & ) e =m ( leaf & rock 9 ! backgr\nd entirely "r1 complete1--& full n ( m]e sugge/ion1 b ( accurate in=mation1 exactly su* z ! fancy by itself _c furni%4 ,a "w s treat$ by any man ( p[] & s5tim5t su* z ! design] ( ?is vignette possesses1 w\ld be an et]nal ?+2 t5 9 ! volume1 = real endur+ & educational p[]1 7 wor? two hundr$ 9 imp]fect developm5t1 & w\ld h be5 a p]petual possession to ! read]2 :]eas "o c]ta9 result ( ! multiplication ( ^! lovely b imp]fect draw+s1 is to increase ! fev]i% ?ir/ = excitem5t1 & to weak5 ! p[] ( att5tion by endless div]sion & division4 ,?is volume1 beautiful z x is1 w be =gott52 ! /r5g? 9 x is1 9 f9al outcome1 sp5t = naught2 & o!rs1 & /ill o!rs1 foll[+ x1 w come l %ad[s1 s dep>t4 #ia4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a q diff]5t disadvantage1 b no less grave1 to be appreh5d$ f ?is ri* multiplication ( private possession4 ,! m we h ( books1 & cab9et pictures1 & cab9et ornam5ts1 & o!r su* dome/ic objects ( art1 ! less capable we %all become ( und]/&+ or enjoy+ ! l(ty "* ( "w noble 9 scale1 & int5d$ = public s]vice4 ,! mo/ practical & imm$iate di/9ction betwe5 ! ord]s ( mean & high ,art1 is t ! fir/ is private1--! second public2 ! fir/ = ! individual1 ! second = all4 ,x may be t dome/ic ,art is ! only k9d :i* is likely to fl\ri% 9 a c\ntry ( cold climate1 & 9 ! h&s ( a nation temp]$ z ! ,engli% are2 b x is necess>y t we %\ld at lea/ und]/& ! disadvantage "u :i* we ?us labor2 & ! duty ( n all[+ ! unt[>dness ( our circum/ances1 or ! selfi%ness ( our dispositions1 to h unresi/$ & un*eck$ influ5ce ov] ! adopt$ /yle ( our art4 ,b ?is "p ( ! subject requires to be exam9$ at l5g?1 & ,i mu/ !re=e res]ve x = ! foll[+ pap]4 ,,footnotes3 #gg ,art ,j\rnal1 vol4 v41 pp4 #i1 #aj4 ,janu>y #ahff4--;,,ed4 #gh ,r\tl$ge1 #ahfd4 ,! engrav+ is all by ,dalziel4 ,i d n ask ! read]'s p>don = speak+ ( myself1 ) ref]5ce to ! po9t at issue4 ,x is p]haps q z mode/ to relate p]sonal exp]i5ce z to (f] p]sonal op9ion2 & ! accurate /atem5t ( su* exp]i5ce is1 9 que/ions ( ?is sort1 ! only contribution at pres5t possible t[>ds _! solution4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4#gi #ib4 ,9 pursu+ ! "q put at ! close ( ! la/ pap]1 x mu/ be obs]v$ t !re are ess5tially two conditions "u :i* we h to exam9e ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! effects ( public & private ,art on national prosp]ity4 ,! fir/ 9 imm$iate influ5ce is _! ,economical function1 ! second _! ,e?ical4 ,we h fir/ to consid] :at class ( p]sons !y 9 ea* case support2 &1 secondly1 :at classes !y tea* or please4 ,look+ ov] ! li/ ( ! gift-books ( ?is ye>1 p]haps ! fir/ circum/ance :i* w\ld naturally /rike u w\ld be ! numb] ( p]sons liv+ by ?is indu/ry2 &1 9 any consid]ation ( ! probable effects ( a transf]5ce ( ! public att5tion to o!r k9ds ( "w1 we ought fir/ to contemplate ! result on ! int]e/s ( ! workman4 ,! gu9ea sp5t on "o ( our ord9>y illu/rat$ gift-books is divid$ among-- #a4 ,a numb] ( second-rate or ?ird-rate arti/s1 produc+ designs z fa/ z !y c1 & realiz+ !m up to ! /&>d requir$ by ! public ( t ye>4 ,m5 ( consummate p[] may sometimes put _! h&s to ! bus9ess2 b exceptionally4 #b4 ,engrav]s1 tra9$ to me*anical imitation ( ?is second or ?ird-rate "w2 ( ^! engrav]s ! inf]ior classes are usually mu* ov]work$4 #c4 ,pr9t]s1 pap]-mak]s1 ornam5tal b9d]s1 & o!r craftsm54 #d4 ,publi%]s & booksell]s4 #ic4 ,let u suppose ! book c be remun]atively produc$ if !re is a sale ( five ?\s& copies4 ,!n ,l#ejjj1 contribut$ = x by ! public1 are divid$ among ! diff]5t work]s2 x does n matt] :at actual rate ( division we assume1 = ! m]e object ( comp>ison ) o!r modes ( employ+ ! money2 b let u say ^! ,l#ejjj are divid$ among five hundr$ p]sons1 giv+ on an av]age ,l#aj to ea*4 ,& let u suppose ^! ,l#aj to be a =tnight's ma9t5ance to ea*4 ,!n1 to ma9ta9 !m ?r\gh ! ye>1 tw5ty-five su* books mu/ be publi%$2 or to keep c]ta9ly )9 ! m>k ( ! probable co/ ( our autumnal gift-books1 suppose ,l#ajj1jjj are sp5t by ! public1 ) resultant supply ( #ajj1jjj h\seholds ) "o illu/rat$ book1 ( second or ?ird-rate quality ea* 7!re be+ tw5ty diff]5t books ?us suppli$71 & resultant ma9t5ance ( five hundr$ p]sons = ! ye>1 at sev]e "w ( a second or ?ird-rate ord]1 mo/ly me*anical4 #id4 ,n[1 if ! m9d ( ! nation1 in/ead ( private1 be set on public "w1 !re is ( c\rse no exp5se incurr$ = multiplication1 or me*anical copy+ ( any k9d1 or = retail deal+4 ,! ,l#ejjj1 in/ead ( be+ giv5 = five ?\s& copies ( ! "w1 & divid$ among five hundr$ p]sons1 are giv5 = "o orig9al "w1 & giv5 to "o p]son4 ,?is "o p]son w ( c\rse employ assi/ants2 b ^! w be *os5 by himself1 & w =m a sup]ior class ( m51 out ( :om ! future lead+ arti/s ( ! "t w rise 9 succession4 ,! broad diff]5ce w !re=e be1 t1 9 ! "o case1 ,l#ejjj are divid$ among five hundr$ p]sons ( diff]5t classes1 do+ second-rate or :olly me*anical "w2 & 9 ! o!r case1 ! same sum is divid$ among a few *os5 p]sons ( ! be/ mat]ial ( m9d producible by ! /ate at ! giv5 epo*4 ,x may seem an unfair assumption t "w = ! public w be m hone/ly & e>ne/ly done ?an t = private possession4 ,b e motive t c t\* ei!r consci5ce or ambition is br\ght to be> ^u ! arti/ :o is employ$ on a public s]vice1 & only a few su* motives 9 o!r modes ( occupation4 ,! great] p]man5ce1 scale1 dignity ( (fice1 & full] display ( ,art 9 a ,national build+1 comb9e to call =? ! en]gies ( ! arti/2 & if a man w n d 8 be/ "u su* circum/ances1 !re is no be/ 9 him4 #ie4 ,x might also at fir/ seem an unw>rantable assumption t few] p]sons w\ld be employ$ 9 ! private ?an 9 ! national "w1 s9ce1 at lea/ 9 ar*itecture1 q z _m subord9ate craftsm5 are employ$ z 9 ! production ( a book4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 necess>y1 = ! purpose ( cle>ly see+ ! effect ( ! two =ms ( occupation1 t we %\ld oppose !m :]e _! contra/ is mo/ complete2 & t we %\ld comp>e1 n m]ely bookb9d+ ) bricklay+1 b ! pres5tation ( ,art 9 books1 necess>ily involv+ mu* subord9ate employm5t1 ) its pres5tation 9 /atues or wall-pictures1 involv+ only ! labor ( ! arti/ & ( 8 imm$iate assi/ants4 ,9 ! "o case1 !n1 ,i repeat1 ! sum set aside by ! public = ,art-purposes is divid$ among _m p]sons1 v indiscrim9ately *os52 9 ! o!r among few c>efully *os54 ,b x does n1 = t reason1 support few] p]sons4 ,! few arti/s live on _! l>g] incomes1#hj by exp5diture among v>i\s tradesm51 :o 9 no wise produce ,art1 b ! means ( pleasant life2 s t ! real economical "q is1 n h[ _m m5 %all we ma9ta91 b at :at "w %all !y be kept8--%all !y e "o be set to produce ,art = u1 9 :i* case !y mu/ all live poorly1 & produce bad ,art2 or out ( ! :ole numb] %all t5 be *os5 :o c & w produce noble ,art2 & %all ! o!rs be employ$ 9 provid+ ! means ( pleasant life = ^! *os5 t58 ,w y h1 t is to say1 f\r hundr$ & n9ety tradesm51 but*]s1 c>pet-weav]s1 c>p5t]s1 & ! l1 & t5 f9e arti/s1 or w y1 "u ! va9 hope ( f9d+1 = ea* ( !m )9 y\r realm1 five hundr$ good z he1 h y\r full complem5t ( bad draughtsm51 & retail di/ributors ( _! bad "w8 #if4 ,x w be se5 9 a mom5t t ?is is no "q ( economy m]ely2 b1 z all economical que/ions become1 :5 set on _! true f\ndation1 a dilemma relat+ to modes ( discipl9e & education4 ,x is only "o in/ance ( ! p]petually recurr+ (f] to our *oice--%all we h "o man educat$ p]fectly1 & o!rs tra9$ only to s]ve him1 or %all we h all educat$ equally ill8--,:i*1 :5 ! outcries ( m]e tyranny & pride-defiant on "o side1 & ( m]e envy & pride-concupisc5t on ! o!r1 excit$ by ! p]il & promise ( a *angeful "t1 %all be a little abat$1 w be f\nd to be1 9 brief t]ms1 ! "o social "q ( ! day4 ,)\t attempt+ an answ] :i* w\ld lead u f> f ! bus9ess 9 h&1 ,i pass to ! ,e?ical "p ( ! inquiry2 to exam9e1 namely1 ! effect ( ?is *eaply diffus$ ,art on ! public m9d4 #ig4 ,! fir/ great pr9ciple we h to hold by 9 deal+ ) ! matt] is1 t ! end ( ,art is ,,n to amuse2 & t all ,art :i* proposes amusem5t z its end1 or :i* is s\ght = t end1 mu/ be ( an inf]ior1 & is probably ( a h>mful1 class4 ,! end ( ,art is z s]i\s z t ( all o!r beautiful ?+s--( ! blue sky & ! gre5 grass1 & ! cl\ds & ! dew4 ,!y are ei!r useless1 or !y are ( mu* deep] function ?an giv+ amusem5t4 ,:atev] delight we take 9 !m1 be x less or m1 is n ! delight we take 9 play1 or receive f mom5t>y surprise4 ,x might be a matt] ( "s metaphysical difficulty to def9e ! two k9ds ( pleasure1 b x is p]fectly easy = any ( u to feel t !re is g5]ic diff]5ce betwe5 ! delight we h 9 see+ a com$y & 9 wat*+ a sunrise4 ,n b t !re is a k9d ( ,div9a ,comm$ia1--a dramatic *ange & p[]1--9 all beautiful ?+s3 ! joy ( surprise & incid5t m+les 9 music1 pa9t+1 ar*itecture1 & natural beauty itself1 9 an ennobl$ & endur+ mann]1 ) ! p]fectness ( et]nal hue & =m4 ,b :5ev] ! desire ( *ange becomes pr9cipal2 :5ev] we c>e only = new tunes1 & new pictures1 & new sc5es1 all p[] ( enjoy+ ,nature or ,art is s f> p]i%$ f u3 & a *ild's love ( toys has tak5 its place4 ,! cont9ual adv]tisem5t ( new music 7z if novelty 7 its virtue7 signifies1 9 ! inn] fact ( x1 t no "o n[ c>es = music4 ,! cont9ual desire = new exhibitions means t we d n c>e = pictures2 ! cont9ual dem& = new books means t nobody c>es to read4 #ih4 ,n t x w\ld necess>ily1 & at all times1 mean ?is2 = 9 a liv+ s*ool ( ,art !re w always be an exce$+ ?ir/ =1 & eag] wat*+ ( fre%ly-develop$ ?\ght4 ,b x specially & /]nly means ?is1 :5 ! int]e/ is m]ely 9 ! novelty2 & great "w 9 our possession is =gott51 :ile mean "w1 because /range & ( "s p]sonal int]e/1 is annually made ! subject ( eag] obs]vation & discussion4 ,z long z 7= "o ( _m in/ances ( su* neglect7 two great pictures ( ,t9toret's lie roll$ up 9 an ou?\se at ,v5ice1 all ! exhibitions & s*ools 9 ,europe mean no?+ b promotion ( co/ly comm]ce4 ,?r\gh t1 we might inde$ arrive at bett] ?+s2 b !re is no pro(1 9 ! eag] talk ( ! public ab\t ,art1 t we are arriv+ at !m4 ,portraiture ( ! said public's _m faces1 & tickl+ ( its twice z _m eyes1 by *angeful phantasm1 are all t ! patron-multitudes ( ! pres5t day 9 reality seek2 & ?is may be suppli$ to !m 9 multiply+ excess =ev]1 yet no /eps made to ! =mation ( a s*ool ( ,art n[1 or to ! und]/&+ ( any t h hi!rto exi/$4 #ii4 ,x is ! c>ry+ ( ?is annual ,exhibition into ! recesses ( home :i* is especially to be dread$ 9 ! multiplication ( inf]ior ,art = private possession4 ,public amusem5t or excitem5t may (t5 be q :olesomely s\ght1 9 gay spectacles1 or en?usia/ic fe/ivals2 b we mu/ be c>eful to ! utt]mo/ h[ we all[ ! desire = any k9d ( excitem5t to m+le among ! peaceful cont9uities ( home happ9ess4 ,! "o /]n condition ( t happ9ess is t our possessions %\ld be no m ?an we c ?or\ghly use2 & t to ?is use !y %\ld be practically & cont9ually put4 ,calculate ! h\rs :i*1 dur+ ! possible duration ( life1 c1 "u ! mo/ favorable circum/ances1 be employ$ 9 read+1 & ! numb] ( books :i* x is possible to read 9 t utmo/ space ( "t2--x w be soon se5 :at a limit$ libr>y is all t we ne$1 & h[ c>eful we ought to be 9 *oos+ its volumes4 ,simil>ly1 ! "t :i* mo/ p h at _! comm& = any obs]vation ( ,art is n m ?an w\ld be requir$ = ! j und]/&+ ( ! works ( "o great ma/]4 ,h[ are we to e/imate ! futility ( wa/+ ?is fragm5t ( "t on works f :i* no?+ c be le>n$8 ,= ! only real pleasure1 & ! ri*e/ ( all amusem5ts1 to be d]iv$ f ei!r read+ or look+1 are 9 ! /eady progress ( ! m9d & he>t1 :i* day by day are m deeply satisfi$1 & yet m div9ely a?ir/4 #ajj4 ,z f> z ,i "k ! homes ( ,engl& ( ! pres5t day1 !y %[ a griev\s t5d5cy to fall1 9 ^! important respects1 into ! two great classes ( ov]-furni%$ & unfurni%$3--( ^? 9 :i* ! ,greek m>ble 9 its ni*e1 & ! preci\s %elf-loads ( ! luxuri\s libr>y1 leave ! inmates nev]!less dep5d5t = all _! true pa/ime on horse1 gun1 & croquet-gr\nd2--& ^? 9 :i* ,art1 honor$ only by ! pres5ce ( a c\ple ( engrav+s f ,l&se]1 & lit]ature1 repres5t$ by a few magaz9es & annuals arrang$ 9 a /> on ! draw+-room table1 are felt to be entirely =eign to ! daily bus9ess ( life1 & entirely unnecess>y to its dome/ic pleasures4 #aja4 ,! introduction ( furniture ( ,art into h\seholds ( ?is latt] class is n[ tak+ place rapidly2 &1 ( c\rse1 by ! usual sy/em ( ! +5i\s ,engli% practical m9d1 w take place "u ! g5]al law ( supply & dem&2 t is to say1 t :atev] a class ( consum]s1 entirely unacqua9t$ ) ! diff]5t qualities ( ! article !y are buy+1 *oose to ask =1 w be duly suppli$ to !m by ! trade4 ,i obs]ve t ?is beautiful sy/em is gradually ext5d+ l[] & l[] 9 education2 & t *ildr51 l gr[n-up p]sons1 are m & m able to obta9 _! toys )\t any ref]5ce to :at is useful or useless1 or "r or wrong2 b on ! great horselee*'s law ( dem& & supply4 ,&1 inde$1 ,i write ^! pap]s1 kn[+ well h[ effectless all speculations on ab/ract proprieties or possibilities mu/ be 9 ! pres5t rav5+ /ate ( national desire = excitem5t2 b ! trac+ ( moral or ( ma!matical law br+s its own quiet rew>d2 ?\gh x may be1 = ! "t1 impossible to apply ei!r to use4 ,! p[] ( ! new influ5ces :i* h be5 br\ght to be> on ! middle-class m9d1 ) respect to ,art1 may be suffici5tly se5 9 ! great rise 9 ! price ( pictures :i* has tak5 place 7pr9cipally dur+ ! la/ tw5ty ye>s7 ow+ to ! int]e/ occasion$ by national exhibitions1 c\pl$ ) facilities ( c>riage1 /imulat+ ! activity ( deal]s1 & ! collat]al discov]y by m]cantile m5 t pictures are n a bad inve/m5t4 #ajb4 ,! foll[+ copy ( a docum5t 9 my own possession w give u a suffici5tly accurate /&>d ( ,art-price at ! date ( x3-- ,london1 ,june #aa?1 #ahad4 ,receiv$ ( ,mr4 ,cooke ! sum ( tw5ty-two p\nds t5 %ill+s = ?ree draw+s1 viz41 ,lyme1 ,l&'s ,end1 & ,poole4 ,l#bb1 #ajs4 ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,,turn]4 ,x w\ld be a v pleasant surprise to me if any "o ( ^! ?ree 7s\!rn coa/7 draw+s1 = :i* ! arti/ receiv$ sev5 gu9eas ea* 7! odd n9e %ill+s be+1 ,i suppose1 = ! great res\rce ( tale-tell]s ab\t ,turn]--coa*-hire7 7 n[ (f]$ to me by any deal] = a hundr$4 ,! rise is some:at great] 9 ! in/ance ( ,turn] ?an ( any o!r unpopul>#ha arti/2 b x is at lea/ ?ree hundr$ p] c5t4 on all "w by arti/s ( e/abli%$ reputation1 :e!r ! public c !mselves see any?+ 9 x1 or n4 ,a c]ta9 quantity ( intellig5t int]e/ mixes1 ( c\rse1 ) ! m]e fev] ( desire = novelty2 & ! excell5t book illu/rations1 :i* are ! special subjects ( our inquiry1 are peculi>ly adapt$ to meet ?is2 = !re are at lea/ tw5ty p :o "k a good engrav+ or wood-cut1 = "o :o kn[s a good picture4 ,! be/ book illu/rations fall into ?ree ma9 classes3 f9e l9e engrav+s 7always grave 9 purpose71 typically repres5t$ by ,goodall's illu/rations to ,rog]s's poems2--f9e wood-cuts1 or et*+s1 grave 9 purpose1 su* z ^? by ,dalziel1 f ,?omson & ,gilb]t2--& f9e wood-cuts1 or et*+s1 = purpose ( c>icature1 su* z ,lee*'s & ,t5niel's 9 ,pun*4 ,ea* ( ^! h a possibly in/ructive p[] special to !m1 :i* we w endeavor sev]ally to exam9e 9 ! next *apt]4 ,,footnotes3 #gi ,art ,j\rnal1 vol4 v41 pp4 #cc-d4 ,febru>y #ahff1--;,,ed4 #hj ,x may be1 !y w\ld n ask l>g] incomes 9 a "t ( highe/ national life2 & t !n ! noble art w\ld be f> *eap] to ! nation ?an ! ignoble4 ,b ,i speak ( exi/+ circum/ances4 #ha ,i h nev] f\nd m ?an two p 7/ud5ts except$7 9 ! room occupi$ by ,turn]'s draw+s at ,k5s+ton1 & "o ( ! two1 if !re are two1 always looks z if he _h got 9 by mi/ake4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4#hb #ajc4 ,i purpose 9 ?is *apt]1 z intimat$ 9 ! la/1 to sket* briefly :at ,i believe to be ! real uses & p[]s ( ! ?ree k9ds ( engrav+1 by black l9e2 ei!r = book illu/ration1 or g5]al public in/ruction by di/ribution ( multipli$ copies4 ,aft] ?us /at+ :at seems to me ! prop] purpose ( ea* k9d ( "w1 ,i may1 p]haps1 be able to trace "s advisable limitations ( its te*nical me?ods4 ,i4 ,& fir/1 ( pure l9e engrav+4 ,?is is ! only means by :i* entire ref9em5t ( intellectual repres5tation c be giv5 to ! public4 ,photographs h an inimitable me*anical ref9em5t1 & _! legal evid5ce is ( great use if y "k h[ to cross-exam9e !m4 ,!y are popul>ly suppos$ to be true1 &1 at ! wor/1 !y are s1 9 ! s5se 9 :i* an e*o is true to a conv]sation ( :i* x omits ! mo/ important syllables & r$uplicates ! re/4 ,b ?is tru? ( m]e transcript has no?+ to d ) ,art prop]ly s call$2 & w nev] sup]s$e x4 ,delicate art ( design1 or ( select$ tru?1 c only be pres5t$ to ! g5]al public by true l9e engrav+4 ,x w be en\gh = my purpose to in/ance ?ree books 9 :i* its p[] has be5 s9c]ely us$4 ,i am m 9 fields ?an libr>ies1 & h nev] c>$ to look mu* into book illu/rations2 !re are1 !re=e1 ( c\rse1 numb]s ( well-illu/rat$ works ( :i* ,i "k no?+3 b ! ?ree ,i %\ld myself "n z typical ( good use ( ! me?od1 are ,i4 ,rog]s's ,poems1 ,,ii4 ! ,leipsic edition ( ,heyne's ,virgil 7#ahjj71 & ,,iii4 ! great ,description de l',egypte4 #ajd4 ,! vignettes 9 ! fir/ nam$ volumes 7consid]+ ! ,italy & ,poems z "o book7 ,i believe to be z skillful & t5d] z any h& "w1 ( ! k9d1 ev] done2 !y are also :olly free f affectation ( ov]wr\ght f95ess1 on ! "o side1 & f ha/y or *eap exp$i5cies on ! o!r2 & !y 7 produc$1 "u ! direction & influ5ce ( a g5tleman & a s*ol>4 ,multitudes ( works1 imitative ( ^!1 & f> m attractive1 h be5 produc$ s9ce2 b none ( any /]l+ quality3 ! good books 7 7,i 0 told7 a loss to _! publi%]1 & ! money sp5t s9ce 9 ! same mann] has be5 :olly ?r[n away4 ,yet ^! volumes are en\gh to %[ :at lovely s]vice l9e engrav+ might be put ^u1 if ! g5]al ta/e 7 advanc$ en\gh to desire x4 ,_! vignettes f ,/o?>d1 h[ev] conv5tional1 %[ 9 ! grace & t5d]ness ( _! liv+ subjects h[ types ( innoc5t beauty1 z pure z ,angelico's1 & f> loveli]1 might inde$ be giv5 f mod]n ,engli% life1 to exalt ! conception ( y\?ful dignity & sweetness 9 e h\sehold4 ,i "k no?+ among ! ph5om5a ( ! pres5t age m sorr[ful ?an t ! beauty ( our y\? %\ld rema9 :olly unrepres5t$ 9 ,f9e ,art1 because unfelt by ourselves2 & t ! only ve/iges ( a lik5ess to x %\ld be 9 "s ( ! m subtle passages ( c>icatures1 popul> 7& ju/ly popul>7 z mu* because !y 7 ! only atta9able reflection ( ! prett9ess1 z because !y 7 ! only sympa?iz+ records ( ! humors1 ( ,engli% girls & boys4 ,( our oil portraits ( !m1 9 :i* _! beauty is always conceiv$ z consi/+ 9 a fix$ simp]--feet n m ?an two in*es long1 & accessory gr\nds1 pony1 & groom--our s5t5ce ne$ n be gu>da e passa1 b passa only4 ,yet "o oil picture has be5 pa9t$1 & s f> z ,i "k1 "o only1 repres5t+ ! deep] lovel9ess ( ,engli% y\?--! portraits ( ! ?ree *ildr5 ( ! ,dean ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 by ! son ( ! great portrait pa9t]1 :o has record$ :atev] is t5d] & beautiful 9 ! faces ( ! ag$ m5 ( ,engl&1 bequea?+1 z x seems1 ! beauty ( _! *ildr5 to ! g5ius ( 8 *ild4 #aje4 ,! second book :i* ,i nam$1 ,heyne's ,virgil1 %[s1 ?\gh unequally & insuffici5tly1 :at might be done by l9e engrav+ to give vital image ( classical design1 & symbol ( classical ?\ght4 ,x is pr(\ndly to be regrett$ t none ( ^! old & well-illu/rat$ classics c be put frankly into ! h&s ( y\?2 :ile all books lately publi%$ = g5]al s]vice1 pret5d+ to classical illu/ration1 are1 9 po9t ( ,art1 absolutely dead & h>mful rubbi%4 ,i _c b ?9k t ! production ( well-illu/rat$ classics w\ld at lea/ leave free ( money-sca!1 & 9 great honor1 any publi%] :o und]took x2 & al?\gh s*oolboys 9 g5]al might n c>e = any su* help1 to "o1 "h & !re1 x w\ld make all ! diff]5ce betwe5 lov+ 8 "w & hat+ x4 ,= myself1 ,i am q c]ta9 t a s+le vignette1 l t ( ! f\nta9 ( ,are?usa 9 ,heyne1 w\ld h set me on an eag] que/1 :i* w\ld h sav$ me ye>s ( sluggi% & fruitless labor4 #ajf4 ,x is ! m /range1 & ! m to be regrett$1 t no su* wor?y applications ( l9e engrav+ are n[ made1 because1 m]ely to gratify a fanta/ic pride1 works are (t5 und]tak5 9 :i*1 = want ( well-educat$ draughtsm51 ! me*anical skill ( ! engrav] has be5 :olly wa/$1 & no?+ produc$ useful1 except = common ref]5ce4 ,9 ! great "w publi%$ by ! ,dilettanti ,society1 = in/ance1 ! engrav]s h be5 set to imitate1 at endless co/ ( sickly f95ess 9 dott$ & hat*$ execution1 draw+s 9 :i* ! light & %ade is always =c$ & vulg>1 if n utt]ly false4 ,con/antly 7z 9 ! #cg? plate ( ! fir/ volume71 wav+ hair ca/s a /raight %ad[1 n only on ! =ehead1 b ev5 on ! ripples ( o!r curls em]g+ b5ea? x3 :ile ! publication ( plate #da1 z a repres5tation ( ! mo/ beautiful /atue 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 may well ar\se any arti/'s wond] :at k9d ( diletto 9 antiquity x might be1 f :i* ! ,society assum$ its "n4 #ajg4 ,! ?ird book above nam$ z a typical example ( "r "w 9 l9e1 ! ,description de l',egypte1 is "o ( ! greate/ monum5ts ( calm human indu/ry1 hone/ly & delicately appli$1 :i* exi/ 9 ! _w4 ,! front ( ,r\5 ,ca!dral1 or ! mo/ ri*ly-wr\ght illum9at$ missal1 z pieces ( resolute indu/ry1 are m]e *ild's play comp>$ to any gr\p ( ! plates ( natural hi/ory 9 ?is book4 ,( unemotional1 b devot$ly e>ne/ & rigidly fai?ful labor1 ,i "k no o!r su* example4 ,! li?ographs to ,agassiz's poissons fossiles are good 9 _! k9d1 b x is a f> l[] & easi] k9d1 & ! popul>ly visible result is 9 l>g] proportion to ! skill2 :]eas none b workm5 c "k ! magnific5t devotion ( unpret5d+ & obs]vant toil1 involv$ 9 ev5 a s+le figure ( an insect or a />fi% on ^! unapproa*able plates4 ,apply su* skill to ! simple pres5tation ( ! natural hi/ory ( e ,engli% c\nty1 & make ! books portable 9 size1 & ,i _c conceive any o!r book-gift to our y\? s preci\s4 #ajh4 ,,ii4 ,wood-cutt+ & et*+ = s]i\s purpose4 ,! t5d5cy ( wood-cutt+ 9 ,engl& has be5 to imitate ! f95ess & mann] ( engrav+4 ,?is is a false t5d5cy2 & s f> z ! productions obta9$ "u its influ5ce h be5 successful1 !y are to be consid]$ only z an inf]ior k9d ( engrav+1 "u ! la/ head4 ,b ! real p[] ( wood-cutt+ is1 ) little labor1 to express 9 cle> del9eation ! mo/ impressive ess5tial qualities ( =m & light & %ade1 9 objects :i* owe _! int]e/ n to grace1 b to p[] & "*4 ,x c nev] express beauty ( ! subtle/ k9d1 & is n 9 any way available on a l>ge scale2 b us$ rightly1 on its own gr\nd1 x is ! mo/ purely intellectual ( all ,art2 sculpture1 ev5 ( ! highe/ ord]1 be+ slightly s5sual & imitative2 :ile f9e wood-cutt+ is entirely ab/ract1 ?\ghtful1 & passionate4 ,! be/ wood-cuts t ,i "k 9 ! :ole range ( ,art are ^? ( ,du]]'s ,life ( ! ,virg92 aft] ^! come ! o!r works ( ,du]]1 slightly inf]ior f a m complex & wiry treatm5t ( l9e4 ,i h nev] se5 any o!r "w 9 wood des]v+ to be nam$ ) 82 b ! be/ vignettes ( ,bewick approa* ,du]] 9 execution ( plumage1 z ne>ly z a cl[n's "w c approa* a g5tleman's4 #aji4 ,"s v brilliant execution on an inf]ior sy/em--less false1 h[ev]1 ?an ! mod]n ,engli% "o--has be5 exhibit$ by ! ,fr5*2 & if we accept its false conditions1 no?+ c surpass ! clev]ness ( our own s*ool ( ,dalziel1 or ev5 ( ! av]age wood-cutt+ 9 our daily j\rnals1 :i* h[ev]1 z a=esaid1 is only to be reckon$ an inf]ior me?od ( engrav+4 ,^! meet ! dem& ( ! imp]fectly-educat$ public 9 e k9d2 & x w\ld be absurd to urge any *ange 9 ! me?od1 z long z ! public rema9 9 ! same /ate ( k or temp]4 ,b1 all[+ = ! "t dur+ :i* ^! illu/rat$ pap]s h n[ be5 br++ :atev] in=mation & example ( ,art !y c\ld to ! million1 x seems likely t ! said million w rema9 9 ! same /age ( k yet = "s "t4 ,p]haps ! horse is an animal z antagoni/ic to ,art 9 ,engl&1 z he 0 9 h>mony ) x 9 ,greece2 /ill1 all[+ = ! g5]al intellig5ce ( ! ,london br$ l[] classes1 ,i 0 surpris$ by a p>agraph 9 ! ,pall ,mall ,gazette1 quot+ ! ,/> ( ,novemb] #f? ( la/ ye>1 9 its report ^u ! use made ( illu/rat$ pap]s by ! omnibus /ablem51--to ! foll[+ effect3-- ,!y are frequ5tly employ$ 9 ! omnibus y>ds f five o'clock 9 ! morn+ till twelve at night1 s t a fair day's "w = a 'horse-keep]' is ab\t eighte5 h\rs4 ,= ?is enorm\s labor !y receive a gu9ea p] week1 :i* = !m means sev51 n six1 days2 ?\gh !y d contrive to make ,sunday an '(f-day' n[ & !n4 ,! ignorance ( aught 9 ! _w save ''orses & 'buses' :i* prevails among/ ^! /ablem5 is almo/ incr$ible4 ,a vet]an horse-keep]1 :o _h pass$ 8 days 9 an omnibus-y>d1 0 once ov]he>d prais+ ! ',lus-trat$ ,london ,news ) mu* en?usiasm1 z ! be/ p]iodical 9 ,london1 'lea/ways at ! c(fee-%op4' ,:5 press$ = ! reason ( 8 p>tiality1 he confess$ x 0 ! 'pick%]s' :i* delight$ him4 ,he amus$ himself dur+ 8 meal-times by 'c\nt+ ! images6' #aaj4 ,b = ! classes among :om !re is a real dem& = educational art1 x is highly s+ul> t no sy/ematic use has yet be5 made ( wood-cutt+ on its own t]ms2 & only "h & !re1 ev5 9 ! be/ books1 is !re an example ( :at might be done by x4 ,! frontispieces to ! two volumes ( ,mr4 ,bir*'s ,anci5t ,pott]y & ,porcela91 & su* simpl] cuts z t at p4 #bgc ( ! fir/ volume1 %[ :at might be *eaply done = illu/ration ( ar*aic classical "w2 two or ?ree volumes ( su* cuts *os5 f ! be/ vases ( ,european collections & illu/rat$ by a %ort & tru/wor?y comm5t>y1 w\ld be to any e>ne/ s*oolboy wor? a :ole libr>y ( common books4 ,b 8 fa!r c give him no?+ ( ! k9d--& if ! fa!r himself wi% to /udy ,greek ,art1 he mu/ sp5d some?+ l a hundr$ p\nds to put himself 9 possession ( any suffici5tly illu/rative books ( ref]5ce4 ,z to any use ( su* means = repres5t+ objects 9 ! r\nd1 ! plate ( ! head ( ,pallas fac+ p4 #afh 9 ! same volume suffici5tly %[s ! hopelessness ( sett+ ! mod]n engrav] to su* s]vice4 ,aga91 9 a book l ,smi?'s diction>y ( geography1 ! wood-cuts ( co9s are at pres5t useful only = comp>ison & ref]5ce4 ,!y are absolutely valueless z repres5tations ( ! art ( ! co94 #aaa4 ,n[1 suppos+ t an educat$ s*ol> & draughtsman _h drawn ea* ( ^! blocks1 & t !y _h be5 cut ) z mu* av]age skill z t employ$ 9 ! wood-cuts ( ,pun*1 ea* ( ^! vignettes ( co9s might h be5 an exquisite lesson1 bo? ( high ,art treatm5t 9 ! co91 & ( beautiful black & :ite draw+ 9 ! repres5tation2 & ?is j z *eaply--nay1 m *eaply--?an ! pres5t common & useless draw+4 ,! ?+s necess>y are inde$ n small1--no?+ less ?an well educat$ intellect & feel+ 9 ! draughtsm52 b intellect & feel+1 z ,i h (t5 said be=e n[1 are always to be _h *eap if y g ! "r way ab\t x--& !y _c o!rwise be _h = any price4 ,!re are q bra9s en\gh1 & !re is q s5tim5t en\gh1 among ! g5tlem5 ( ,engl& to answ] all ! purposes ( ,engl&3 b if y s tra9 y\r y\?s ( ! ri*] classes t !y %all ?9k x m g5tlemanly to scrawl a figure on a bit ( note pap]1 to be pres5tly roll$ up to light a cig> )1 ?an to draw "o nobly & rightly = ! see+ ( all m52--& if y practically %[ y\r y\?s1 ( all classes1 t !y w be held g5tlem51 = babbl+ ) a simp] 9 ,sunday pulpits2 or gr9n+ ?r\gh1 n a horse's1 b a h\nd's1 coll>1 9 ,saturday j\rnals2 or dirtily liv+ on ! public money 9 gov]nm5t non-(fices3--b t !y %all be held less ?an g5tlem5 = do+ a man's "w hone/ly ) a man's "r h&--y w ( c\rse f9d t intellect & feel+ _c be _h :5 y want !m4 ,b if y l to tra9 "s ( y\r be/ y\? into s*ol>ly arti/s1--m5 ( ! temp] ( ,leon>do1 ( ,holbe91 ( ,du]]1 or ( ,velasquez1 in/ead ( decompos+ !m into ! e>ly effloresc5ces & putresc5ces ( idle cl]ks1 %>p lawy]s1 s(t curates1 & rott5 j\rnali/s1--y w f9d t y c always get a good l9e drawn :5 y ne$ x1 )\t pay+ l>ge subscriptions to s*ools ( ,art4 #aab4 ,,iii4 ,?is relation ( social "* to ! possible supply ( good ,art is /ill m direct :5 we include 9 our survey ! mass ( illu/ration com+ "u ! g5]al head ( dramatic c>icature--c>icature1 t is to say1 involv+ "r und]/&+ ( ! true grotesque 9 human life2 c>icature ( :i* ! wor? or h>mfulness _c be e/imat$1 unless we c fir/ some:at answ] ! wide "q1 ,:at is ! mean+ & wor? ( ,engli% laught]8 ,i say1 ( ,engli% laught]1 because if y c well det]m9e ! value ( t1 y det]m9e ! value ( ! true laught] ( all m5--! ,engli% laugh be+ ! pure/ & true/ 9 ! metal t c be m9t$4 ,& inde$ only ,heav5 c "k :at ! c\ntry owes to x1 on ! lips ( su* m5 z ,sydney ,smi? & ,?omas ,hood4 ,= inde$ ! true wit ( all c\ntries1 b especially ,engli% wit 7because ! op5e/71 mu/ always be ess5tially on ! side ( tru?--= ! nature ( wit is "o ) tru?4 ,s5tim5t may be false--reason+ false--rev]5ce false---love false1--ev]y?+ false except wit2 t mu/ be true--& ev5 if x is ev] h>mful1 x is z divid$ aga9/ itself--a small tru? und]m9+ a mighti]4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! _s ( levity1 & habit ( mock]y1 are among ! *ief in/rum5ts ( f9al ru9 bo? to individual & nations4 ,i believe no bus9ess w ev] be rightly done by a laugh+ ,p>liam5t3 & t ! public p]ception ( vice or ( folly :i* only f9ds expression 9 c>icature1 nei!r re=ms ! "o1 nor in/ructs ! o!r4 ,no man is fit = mu*1 we "k1 :o has n a good laugh 9 him--b a sad wise valor is ! only complexion = a lead]2 & if !re 0 ev] a "t = laugh+ 9 ?is d>k & holl[ _w1 ,i d n ?9k x is n[4 ,?is is a wide subject1 & ,i mu/ foll[ x 9 ano!r place2 = our pres5t purpose1 all t ne$s to be not$ is t1 = ! expression ( true humor1 few & imp]fect l9es are (t5 suffici5t1 & t 9 ?is direction lies ! only op5+ = ! s]viceable pres5tation ( amateur "w to public notice4 #aac4 ,i h said no?+ ( li?ography1 because1 ) ! exception ( ,samuel ,pr\t's sket*es1 no "w ( /&>d ,art-value has ev] be5 produc$ by x1 nor c be3 its opaque & gritty texture be+ :olly (f5sive to ! eye ( any well tra9$ arti/4 ,its use 9 connection ) color is1 ( c\rse1 =eign to our pres5t subject4 ,nor d ,i take any note ( ! v>i\s curr5t pat5ts = *eap modes ( draw+1 ?\gh !y are sometimes to be ?ank$ = r5d]+ possible ! publication ( sket*es l ^? ( ! pretty little ,voyage en ,zigzag 7h[ we sp5t ! summ]7 publi%$ by ,longmans--:i* are full ( *>m+ humor1 "*1 & fre%ness ( expression2 & might h lo/ m by ! r$uction to ! sev]e t]ms ( wood-cutt+ ?an !y d by ! ragg$ int]ruptions ( l9e :i* are an inevitable defect 9 ne>ly all ^! *eap processes4 ,x w be en\gh1 !re=e1 = all s]i\s purpose1 t we conf9e ourselves to ! /udy ( ! black l9e1 z produc$ 9 /eel & wood2 & ,i w endeavor 9 ! next pap]#hc to set d[n "s ( ! te*nical laws belong+ to ea* mode ( its employm5t4 ,,footnotes3 #hb ,art ,j\rnal1 vol4 v41 pp4 #ig-h4 ,april #ahff4--;,,ed4 #hc ,! pres5t pap] 01 h[ev]1 ! la/4--,,ed4