---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,disclaim] ,! articles publi%$ 9 ! ,annual ,reports ( ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s ,association are ! f9d+s & ?\ghts solely ( ! au?ors & are n to be con/ru$ z an endorsem5t by ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s ,association1 its bo>d ( directors1 or its memb]s4 ,no endorsem5t is int5d$ = products m5tion$1 nor is criticism meant = products n m5tion$4 ,! laws & recomm5dations = pe/icide application may h *ang$ s9ce ! articles 7 writt54 ,x is always ! pe/icide applicator's responsibility1 by law1 to read & foll[ all curr5t label directions = ! specific pe/icide be+ us$4 ,! discussion ( specific nut tree cultiv>s & ( specific te*niques to gr[ nut trees t might h be5 successful 9 "o area & at a p>ticul> "t is n a gu>antee t simil> results w occur else:]e4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,nor!rn ,,nut ,,gr[]s ,,association ,,report ,,( ,,! ,,proce$+s ,,at ,,! ,,sev5? ,,annual ,,meet+ ,,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,,septemb] #h ,,& #i1 #aiaf4 ,,press ,,( ,! ,adv]tis]-republican1 ,,annapolis1 ,,md4 ,,cont5ts ,,page ,(fic]s & ,committees ( ! ,association #d ,memb]s ( ! ,association #e ,con/itution & ,by-,laws #aj ,proce$+s ( ! ,sev5? ,annual ,meet+ #ac ,report ( ! ,secret>y-,treasur] #ad ,notes on ! ,*9quap9s1 ,dr4 ,rob]t ,t4 ,morris1 ,new ,york #ae ,! ,black ,walnut1 ,t4 ,p4 ,littlepage1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 #be ,discussion on ! ,almond #cc ,discussion on ! ,hazel #cg ,! ,*e/nut ,b>k ,disease1 ,dr4 ,hav5 ,metcalf1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 #da ,discussion on ,qu>ant9e = ,*e/nut ,nurs]y ,/ock #di ,hybrids & ,o!r ,new ,*e/nuts = ,blight ,di/ricts1 ,dr4 ,walt] ,van ,fleet1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 #ed ,presid5t's ,address1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,russell ,smi?1 ,r\ndhill1 ,va4 #eh ,diseases ( ! ,p]sian ,walnut1 ,s4 ,m4 ,mc,murran1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 #fg ,discussion on ,w9t] ,kill+ #gb ,address ( ,col4 ,c4 ,a4 ,van ,duzee1 ,cairo1 ,georgia #ge ,resolutions on ,*e/nut ,blight ,qu>ant9e #hj ,resolution on ,inve/igations 9 ,nut ,tree ,propagation #hd ,discussion on ! ,gr[? & ,fruit+ ( ,pecans 9 ! ,nor? #hf ,top ,work+ ,pecans on ,o!r ,hickories #ia ,app5dix3 ,lett] f ,w4 ,c4 ,re$1 ,vice-,presid5t #ih ,! ,food ,value ( ,nuts1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,kellogg1 ,battle ,creek1 ,mi*4 #aja ,lett] f ,j4 ,c4 ,coop]1 ,mc,minnville1 ,oregon #aad ,li/ ( ^? pres5t at ! meet+ #aag ,,(fic]s ,,( ,,! ,,association ,presid5t ,w4 ,c4 ,,re$ ,v9c5nes1 ,indiana ,vice-,presid5t ,w4 ,n4 ,,hutt ,raleigh1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a ,secret>y & ,treasur] ,w4 ,c4 ,,dem+ ,georget[n1 ,connecticut ,,committees ,audit+--,c4 ,p4 ,,close1 ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$ ,executive--,t4 ,p4 ,,littlepage1 ,j4 ,,russell ,,smi? ,,& ,,! ,,(fic]s ,f9ance--,t4 ,p4 ,,littlepage1 ,,will>d ,g4 ,,bixby1 ,w4 ,c4 ,,dem+ ,hybrids--,r4 ,t4 ,,morris1 ,c4 ,p4 ,,close1 ,w4 ,c4 ,,dem+1 ,j4 ,g4 ,,ru% ,memb]%ip--,,h>ry ,r4 ,,web]1 ,r4 ,t4 ,,olcott1 ,f4 ,n4 ,,fagan1 ,w4 ,o4 ,,pott]1 ,w4 ,c4 ,,dem+1 ,,w5dell ,p4 ,,williams1 ,j4 ,,russell ,,smi? ,nom5clature--,c4 ,a4 ,,re$1 ,r4 ,t4 ,,morris1 ,r4 ,l4 ,,mccoy1 ,j4 ,f4 ,,jones ,press & ,publication--,,ralph ,t4 ,,olcott1 ,j4 ,,russell ,,smi?1 ,w4 ,c4 ,,dem+ ,programme--,w4 ,c4 ,,dem+1 ,j4 ,,russell ,,smi?1 ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$1 ,w4 ,n4 ,,hutt1 ,r4 ,t4 ,,morris ,promis+ ,se$l+s--,c4 ,a4 ,,re$1 ,j4 ,f4 ,,jones1 ,,paul ,,:ite ,,/ate ,,vice-,,presid5ts ,cali=nia ,t4 ,c4 ,tuck] #caa ,cali=nia ,/41 ,san ,francisco ,canada ,g4 ,h4 ,corsan #fc ,av5ue ,road1 ,toronto ,connecticut ,*>les ,h4 ,plump ,we/ ,r$d+ ,delaw>e ,e4 ,r4 ,ang/ #ebg ,dupont ,build+1 ,wilm+ton ,georgia ,j4 ,b4 ,wight ,cairo ,ill9ois ,h4 ,a4 ,riehl ,alton ,indiana ,j4 ,f4 ,wilk9son ,rockport ,i[a ,w5dell ,p4 ,williams ,danville ,k5tucky ,a4 ,l4 ,moseley ,calh\n ,m>yl& ,c4 ,p4 ,close ,college ,p>k ,massa*usetts ,james ,,ii4 ,b[dit* #ijc ,tremont ,build+1 ,bo/on ,mi*igan4 ,miss ,maude ,m4 ,jessup #ddj ,?omas ,/41 ,gr& ,rapids ,m9nesota ,l4 ,l4 ,p[]s #ajah ,hudson ,ave41 ,/4 ,paul ,miss\ri ,p4 ,c4 ,/>k ,l\isiana ,new ,j]sey ,c4 ,s4 ,ridgway ,lumb]ton ,new ,york ,m4 ,e4 ,wile #cg ,calumet ,/41 ,ro*e/] ,nor? ,c>ol9a ,w4 ,n4 ,hutt ,raleigh ,ohio ,h>ry ,r4 ,web] #fja ,g]ke ,build+1 ,c9c9nati ,p5nsylvania ,j4 ,g4 ,ru% ,we/ ,will[ ,texas ,r4 ,s4 ,trumbull ,m4 ,s4 ,r4 ,r4 ,co41 ,el ,paso ,virg9ia ,john ,s4 ,p>i% ,ea/ham ,wa%+ton ,a4 ,e4 ,baldw9 ,kettle ,falls ,we/ ,virg9ia ,b4 ,f4 ,h>tzell ,%eph]d/[n ,,memb]s ,,( ,,! ,,nor!rn ,,nut ,,gr[]s ,,association ,,cali=nia ,dawson1 ,l4 ,h41 ,llano ,johnson1 ,*et1 ,r4 ,d4 #a1 ,biggs ,tuck]1 ,t4 ,c41 ,manag] ,cali=nia ,almond ,gr[]s' ,ex*ange1 #caa ,cali=nia ,/41 ,san ,francisco ,,canada ,corsan1 ,g4 ,h41 ,univ]sity ( ,toronto ,dufresne1 ,dr4 ,a4 ,a41 #ahgb ,c>ti] ,/41 ,montreal ,sag]1 ,dr4 ,d4 ,s41 ,brant=d ,,connecticut ,b>nes1 ,john ,r41 ,yalesville ,dem+1 ,dr4 ,w4 ,c41 ,georget[n ,dem+1 ,mrs4 ,w4 ,c41 ,georget[n4 ,goodw91 ,james ,l41 ,box #ddg1 ,h>t=d ,hung]=d1 ,newman1 ,torr+ton1 ,r4 #b1 ,box #gf1 = circul>s1 ,box #ajhb1 ,h>t=d1 = lett]s ,ives1 ,erne/ ,m41 ,/]l+ ,or*>ds1 ,m]id5 ,lay1 ,*>les ,d[n+1 ,wellesm]e1 ,/rat=d ,lewis1 ,h5ry ,l]oy1 ,/rat=d ,mikkels51 ,mrs4 ,m4 ,a41 ,georget[n 99,morris1 ,dr4 ,rob]t ,t41 ,cos ,cob1 ,r4 #bh1 ,box #ie ,plump1 ,*>les ,,ii41 ,we/ ,r$d+ ,sessions1 ,alb]t ,l41 ,bri/ol ,/aunton1 ,gray1 ,r4 ,d4 #cj1 ,/am=d ,:ite1 ,g]r>d1 ,nor? ,granby ,williams1 ,w4 ,w41 ,milldale ,,delaw>e ,aug/1 ,e4 ,r41 #ebg ,du,pont ,build+1 ,wilm+ton1 ,del4 ,"l1 ,george ,frank1 c>e ( ,du,pont ,p[d] ,company1 ,wilm+ton ,,di/rict ,,( ,,columbia ,close1 ,pr(4 ,c4 ,p41 ,pomologi/1 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton ,godd>d1 ,r4 ,h41 ,/ates' ,relations ,s]vice1 ,wa%+ton 99,littlepage1 ,t4 ,p41 ,union ,tru/ ,build+1 ,wa%+ton ,re$1 ,c4 ,a41 ,nut ,culturi/1 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton ,,georgia ,bull>d1 ,wm4 ,p41 ,albany ,van ,duzee1 ,c4 ,a41 ,judson ,or*>d ,f>m1 ,cairo ,wight1 ,j4 ,b41 ,cairo ,,ill9ois ,casp]1 ,o4 ,,ii41 ,anna ,poll1 ,c>l ,j1 #ajji ,maple ,/41 ,danville ,pott]1 ,hon4 ,w4 ,o41 ,m>ion ,riehl1 ,e4 ,a41 ,alton ,,indiana ,hut*+s1 ,miss ,lida ,g41 #aah ,?ird ,/41 ,madison ,luk5s1 ,mrs4 ,b41 ,&]son ,re$1 ,m4 ,p41 ,v9c5nes ,re$1 ,w4 ,c1 ,v9c5nes ,wilk9son1 ,j4 ,f41 ,rockport ,woolbright1 ,cl>5ce1 ,r4 ,d4 #c1 ,elnora ,,i[a ,snyd]1 ,d4 ,c41 ,c5t] ,po9t ,williams1 ,w5dell ,p41 ,danville ,,k5tucky ,mat!ws1 ,pr(4 ,c4 ,w41 ,horticulturi/1 ,/ate ,agricultural ,/ation1 ,lex+ton ,moseley1 ,a4 ,l41 ,bank ( ,calh\n1 ,calh\n ,,m>yl& ,campbell1 ,george ,d41 ,lonacon+ ,d>by1 ,r4 ,u41 ,suite #hjd1 ,cont95tal ,build+1 ,baltimore ,hayd51 ,*as4 ,s41 #bjj ,e4 ,lex+ton ,/41 ,baltimore ,ke5an1 ,dr4 ,john ,n41 ,br5twood ,k+1 ,w4 ,j41 #bcb ,pr9ce ,george ,/41 ,annapolis ,kyn]1 ,james ,h41 ,blad5sburg ,littlepage1 ,miss ,l\ise1 ,b[ie ,murray1 ,miss ,annie ,c41 ,cumb]/one ,/abl]1 ,h5ry1 ,hancock ,:ite1 ,paul1 ,b[ie ,,massa*usetts 99,b[dit*1 ,james ,,ii41 #ijc ,tremont ,build+1 ,bo/on ,cleav]1 ,c4 ,l]oy1 ,h+ham ,c5t] ,cole1 ,mrs4 ,george ,b41 #ae ,my/ic ,ave41 ,w9*e/] ,h(fman1 ,b]nh>d1 ,ov]brook ,or*>d1 ,/ockbridge ,smi?1 ,fr$ ,a41 #ci ,p9e ,/41 ,danv]s ,vaughan1 ,horace ,a41 ,peacehav51 ,assonet ,:ite1 ,w>r51 ,holli/on ,,mi*igan ,copl&1 ,alex&] ,w41 ,/rawb]ry ,hill ,f>m1 ,birm+ham ,jessup1 ,miss ,maud ,m41 #ddj ,?omas ,/41 ,gr& ,rapids ,johnson1 ,frankl91 ,munis+ ,kellogg1 ,j4 ,h41 ,battle ,creek ,/aunton1 ,gray1 ,muskegon1 ,box #bcc ,,m9nesota ,p[]s1 ,l4 ,l41 #ajah ,hudson ,ave41 ,/4 ,paul ,,miss\ri ,bauman1 ,x4 ,c41 ,/e4 ,g5evieve ,d>*e1 ,j4 ,h41 ,p>kville ,fun/on1 ,e4 ,s41 #aeba ,morgan ,/41 ,/4 ,l\is ,phelps1 ,h[e1 ,p9e ,hur/ ,dairy1 ,c>?age ,/>k1 ,p4 ,c41 ,l\isiana 7,mo47 ,,nebraska ,kurtz1 ,john ,w41 #ecjd ,b$=d ,/41 ,omaha ,,new ,,j]sey ,black1 ,walt] ,c41 ( ,jos4 ,h4 ,black1 ,son ,co41 ,hight/[n ,*ilds1 ,fr$41 ,morri/[n1 ,r4 ,d4 #b ,jaques1 ,lee ,w41 #gd ,wav]ly ,/41 ,j]sey ,city ,heights ,lovett1 ,j4 ,t41 ,little ,silv] ,m>/on1 ,edw9 ,s41 ,florham ,p>k1 ,box #gb ,me*l+1 ,edw>d ,a41 ,wond]l& ,f>m1 ,moore/[n ,ridgeway1 ,c4 ,s4 ,floralia1 ,lumb]ton1 ,n4 ,j4 ,rob]ts1 ,horace1 ,moore/[n ,"y1 ,fr$]ick ,c41 ,palmyra1 ,box #cce ,,new ,,york ,abbott1 ,fr$]ick ,b41 #dai ,n9? ,/41 ,brooklyn ,atwat]1 ,c4 ,g41 ,! ,b>rett ,co41 #ag ,batt]y ,place1 ,new ,york ,city ,bak]1 ,dr4 ,hugh ,p41 ,dean ( ,/ate ,college ( ,=e/ry1 ,syracuse ,bak]1 ,pr(4 ,j4 ,fr$1 ,director ( ,=e/ ,inve/igations1 ,/ate ,college ( ,=e/ry1 ,syracuse ,bak]1 ,wm4 ,a41 ,nor? ,rose ,bixby1 ,will>d ,g41 #df? ,/4 & #bnd ,ave41 ,brooklyn ,br[n1 ,ronald ,j41 #cbj ,broadway1 ,new ,york ,city ,ellwang]1 ,mrs4 ,w4 ,d41 #eaj ,ea/ ,ave41 ,ro*e/] ,full]ton1 ,h4 ,b41 ,director ,long ,isl& ,railroad ,exp]im5t ,/ation1 ,m$=d1 ,l4 ,i4 ,haywood1 ,alb]t1 ,flu%+ ,hickox1 ,ralph1 #chcb ,:ite ,pla9s ,ave41 ,new ,york ,city ,hold51 ,e4 ,b41 ,hilton 99,hunt+ton1 ,a4 ,m41 #ae ,w4 #ha/ ,/41 ,new ,york ,city ,jackson1 ,dr4 ,james ,h41 ,dansville ,loomis1 ,c4 ,b41 ,ea/ ,gre5bu% ,mill]1 ,milton ,r41 ,batavia1 ,box #cid ,morse1 ,geo4 ,a41 ,fruit ,acres1 ,williamson1 ,n4 ,y4 ,nelson1 ,dr4 ,james ,rob]t1 #bc ,ma9 ,/41 ,k+/on-on-,hudson ,olcott1 ,ralph ,t41 ,ellwang] ,b>ry ,build+1 ,ro*e/] ,palm]1 ,a4 ,c41 ,new ,york ,milit>y ,academy1 ,cornwall-on-,hudson ,pannell1 ,w4 ,b41 ,pitts=d ,pom]oy1 ,a4 ,c41 ,lockport ,rice1 ,mrs4 ,lillian ,mc,kee1 ,adelano1 ,pawl+ ,simmons1 ,a4 ,l41 ,/ate ,highway ,dep>tm5t1 ,albany ,/u>t1 ,c4 ,w41 ,new>k ,teele1 ,a4 ,w41 #cj ,broad ,/41 ,new ,york ,city ,tet]1 ,walt] ,c41 #aj ,wall ,/41 ,new ,york ,city ,?omson1 ,adelb]t1 ,ea/ ,avon ,tuck]man1 ,bay>d1 #aah ,e4 #cg? ,/41 ,new ,york ,city ,ulman1 ,dr4 ,ira1 #bac ,w4 #adg? ,/41 ,new ,york ,city ,wile1 ,m4 ,e41 #cg ,calumet ,/41 ,ro*e/] ,williams1 ,dr4 ,*>les ,mallory1 #dh ,e4 #di? ,/41 ,new ,york ,city 99,wissman1 ,mrs4 ,f4 de ,r41 ,we/*e/]1 ,new ,york ,city ,,nor? ,,c>ol9a ,glov]1 ,j4 ,:eel]1 ,morehead ,city ,hutt1 ,pr(4 ,w4 ,n41 ,/ate ,horticulturi/1 ,raleigh ,van ,l9dley1 ,j41 ,j4 ,van ,l9dley ,nurs]y ,company1 ,pomona ,:itfield1 ,dr4 ,wm4 ,cobb1 ,grifton ,,ohio ,dayton1 ,j4 ,h41 ,/orrs ,h>rison ,company1 ,pa9esville ,evans1 ,miss ,myrta ,l41 ,briall5 ,f>m1 ,oak ,hill1 ,jackson ,c\nty ,mill]1 ,h4 ,a41 ,gypsum ,?orne1 ,*>les ,e41 ,woo/]1 ,agric4 ,exp4 ,/a4 ,web]1 ,h>ry ,e41 #fja ,g]ke ,build+1 ,c9c9nati ,yunck1 ,e4 ,g41 #gaj ,c5tral ,ave41 ,s&usky ,,p5nsylvania ,druckemill]1 ,w4 ,c41 ,sunbury ,fagan1 ,pr(4 ,p4 ,n41 ,dep>tm5t ( ,horticulture1 ,/ate ,college ,grubbs1 ,h4 ,l41 ,fairview1 ,r4 #a ,hall1 ,robt4 ,w41 #acc ,*ur* ,/41 ,be?lehem ,h>%man1 ,u4 ,w41 ,waynesboro ,heffn]1 ,h41 ,highl& ,*e/nut ,grove1 ,leep] ,hile1 ,an?ony1 ,curw5sville ,national ,bank1 ,curw5sville ,hoopes1 ,wilm] ,w41 ,hoopes ,bro!rs & ,?omas ,company1 ,we/*e/] ,hut*9son1 ,mahlon1 ,a%wood ,f>m1 ,devon1 ,*e/] ,c\nty ,j5k9s1 ,*>les ,francis1 ,f>m ,j\rnal1 ,philadelphia 99,jones1 ,j4 ,p41 ,lanca/]1 ,box #ebg ,kaufman1 ,m4 ,m41 ,cl>ion ,leas1 ,f4 ,c41 #hhb ,drexel ,build+1 ,philadelphia1 ,m\nta9 ,brook ,or*>d ,company1 ,salem1 ,va4 ,middleton1 ,f5ton ,h41 #aaah ,*e/nut ,/41 ,philadelphia ,murphy1 ,p4 ,j41 ,vice-,presid5t ,l4 ,w4 ,r4 ,r4 ,r4 ,company1 ,scranton ,o',neill1 ,wm4 ,c41 #acbh ,walnut ,/41 ,philadelphia ,rheam1 ,j4 ,f41 #de ,n4 ,walnut ,/41 ,lewi/[n ,rick1 ,john1 #dch ,p5nsylvania ,sq41 ,read+ ,rife1 ,jacob ,a41 ,camp ,hill ,ru%1 ,j4 ,g41 ,we/ ,will[ 99,sob]1 ,col4 ,c4 ,k41 ,lewisburg ,?omas1 ,joseph ,w41 ,jos4 ,w4 ,?omas ,sons1 ,k+ ( ,prussia ,p4 ,o4 ,weav]1 ,wm4 ,s41 ,mc,cungie ,web/]1 ,mrs4 ,edmund1 #acbd ,s4 ,broad ,/41 ,philadelphia 99,wi/]1 ,john ,c1 ,wi/] ,/4 & ,cl>kson ,ave41 ,g]mant[n ,wright1 ,r4 ,p41 #bce ,w4 #f? ,/41 ,erie ,,s\? ,,c>ol9a ,%ankl91 ,pr(4 ,a4 ,g41 ,clemson ,college ,,t5nessee ,m>r1 ,?omas ,s41 #gja ,/ahlman ,build+1 ,na%ville ,,texas ,burkett1 ,j4 ,h41 ,nut ,speciali/1 ,/ate ,dept1 ( ,agric41 ,clyde ,trumbull1 ,r4 ,s41 ,agricultural ,ag5t1 ,el ,paso ,s4 ,w4 ,sy/em1 ,mor5ci ,s\!rn ,railroad ,company1 ,el ,paso ,,virg9ia ,crockett1 ,e4 ,b41 ,monroe ,engleby1 ,?os4 ,l41 #ajjb ,patt]son ,ave41 ,roanoke ,lee1 ,lawr5ce ,r41 ,leesburg ,mill]1 ,l4 ,o41 ,mill] ,rhodes1 ,ri*mond ,p>i%1 ,john ,s41 ,ea/ham1 ,albem>le ,c\nty ,%ack=d1 ,!odore ,b41 c>e ( ,adams ,bro!rs-,paynes ,company1 ,lyn*burg ,smi?1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,russell1 ,r\ndhill ,,wa%+ton ,baldw91 ,dr4 ,a4 ,e41 ,kettle ,falls ,rog]s1 ,dr4 ,alb]t1 ,okanogan ,,we/ ,,virg9ia ,h>tzell1 ,b4 ,f41 ,%eph]d/[n 99 ,life memb]4 ,,con/itution ,,article ,i ,"n4 ,?is society %all be kn[n z ! ,,nor!rn ,,nut ,,gr[]s ,,association4 ,,article ,,ii ,object4 ,its object %all be ! promotion ( int]e/ 9 nut-be>+ plants1 _! products & _! culture4 ,,article ,,iii ,memb]%ip4 ,memb]%ip 9 ! society %all be op5 to all p]sons :o desire to fur!r nut culture1 )\t ref]5ce to place ( resid5ce or nationality1 subject to ! rules & regulations ( ! committee on memb]%ip4 ,,article ,,iv ,(fic]s4 ,!re %all be a presid5t1 a vice-presid5t & a secret>y-treasur]1 :o %all be elect$ by ballot at ! annual meet+2 & an executive committee ( five p]sons1 ( :i* ! presid5t1 two la/ retir+ presid5ts1 vice-presid5t & secret>y-treasur] %all be memb]s4 ,!re %all be a /ate vice-presid5t f ea* /ate1 dep5d5cy or c\ntry repres5t$ 9 ! memb]%ip ( ! association1 :o %all be appo9t$ by ! presid5t4 ,,article ,v ,election ( ,(fic]s4 ,a committee ( five memb]s %all be elect$ at ! annual meet+ = ! purpose ( nom9at+ (fic]s = ! foll[+ ye>4 ,,article ,,vi ,meet+s4 ,! place & "t ( ! annual meet+ %all be select$ by ! memb]%ip 9 session or1 9 ! ev5t ( no selection be+ made at ?is "t1 ! executive committee %all *oose ! place & "t = ! hold+ ( ! annual conv5tion4 ,su* o!r meet+s z may seem desirable may be call$ by ! presid5t & executive committee4 ,,article ,,vii ,quorum4 ,t5 memb]s ( ! association %all con/itute a quorum1 b mu/ include a majority ( ! executive committee or two ( ! ?ree elect$ (fic]s4 ,,article ,,viii ,am5dm5ts4 ,?is con/itution may be am5d$ by a two-?irds vote ( ! memb]s pres5t at any annual meet+1 notice ( su* am5dm5t hav+ be5 read at ! previ\s annual meet+1 or a copy ( ! propos$ am5dm5t hav+ be5 mail$ by any memb] to ea* memb] ?irty days be=e ! date ( ! annual meet+4 ,,by-,,laws ,,article ,i ,committees4 ,! association %all appo9t /&+ committees z foll[s3 ,on memb]%ip1 on f9ance1 on programme1 on press & publication1 on nom5clature1 on promis+ se$l+s1 on hybrids1 & an audit+ committee4 ,! committee on memb]%ip may make recomm5dations to ! association z to ! discipl9e or expulsion ( any memb]4 ,,article ,,ii ,fees4 ,! fees %all be ( two k9ds1 annual & life4 ,! =m] %all be two doll>s1 ! latt] tw5ty doll>s4 ,,article ,,iii ,memb]%ip4 ,all annual memb]%ips %all beg9 ) ! fir/ day ( ! cal5d> qu>t] foll[+ ! date ( jo9+ ! association4 ,,article ,,iv ,am5dm5ts4 ,by-laws may be am5d$ by a two-?irds vote ( memb]s pres5t at any annual meet+4 ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s ,association ,,sev5? ,,annual ,,meet+ ,,septemb] #h ,,& #i1 #aiaf ,,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,! sev5? annual meet+ ( ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s ,association 0 call$ to ord] 9 rooms #db-dc ( ! new build+ ( ! ,national ,museum at ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 on ,friday1 ,septemb] #h?1 at #aj a4 m41 ! presid5t1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,russell ,smi?1 presid+4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,x is (t5 cu/om>y to />t meet+s ( ?is sort ) a consid]able am\nt ( eloqu5ce1 su* z an address ( welcome by "s high city or /ate (ficial1 a response to ! address ( welcome by "s "o else high 9 au?ority1 & s on1 dur+ :i* ! visitors are told ( ! _m privileges !y may enjoy1 ! keys ( ! t[n are h&$ ov] to !m1 & a good deal ( high-fl[n oratory is indulg$ 94 ,we suppose t ! p 9 att5dance at ?is meet+ are s well acqua9t$ ) ,wa%+ton t ^? prelim9>ies are unnecess>y1 & ,i h be5 in=m$ by ! memb]s ( ! local committee t we c disp5se ) ! frills 9 ?is case & proce$ ) ! bus9ess ( ! meet+1 :i* we ?9k is go+ to r cr[d our "t if we get said all t we want to say4 ,we are go+ to devote ?is morn+'s programme fir/ to a pap] by ,dr4 ,rob]t ,t4 ,morris on ! *9quap91 & !n to ! discussion ( a comp>atively newly consid]$ memb] ( our nut family1 namely1 ! ,am]ican black walnut4 ,we h be5 h]et(ore mu* int]e/$ 9 sundry exotics & talk+ f> too little ab\t ?is great tree ne>] home4 ,be=e tak+ up ! te*nical programme we h a few matt]s ( bus9ess to put ?r\gh4 ,fir/1 we w h ! report ( ! secret>y & treasur]4 ,,report ,,( ,,! ,,secret>y-,,treasur] ,balance on h& date ( la/ report #adj4bd ,receipts3 ,dues #bib4ge ,adv]tisem5ts #ba4jj ,contributions #e4ej ,sale ( report #cd4ge ,contributions = prizes #aj4jj ,miscellane\s 4#fe ------- #ejd4hi ,exp5ses3 ,pr9t+ report #adb4ef ,envelopes = report #i4jj ,miscellane\s pr9t+ #cb4ej ,po/age & /ation]y #di4bf ,/5ograph] #bf4ce ,express & freight #b4gg ,prizes #ah4jj ,*ecks1 ,j4 ,r4 ,s4 exp5ses & circul>s #ahj4jj ,lant]n op]ator #c4jj ,lit*field ,sav+s ,society #bj4jj ------- #dhc4dd ------- ,balance on h& #ba4de ,receipts f all s\rces1 except sale ( reports1 h fall5 (f m>k$ly1 z h new memb]s1 #ca less ?an la/ ye>1 ?\gh we h n[ #aed paid up memb]s1 "o m ?an la/ ye>4 #aj memb]s h resign$ & #db h be5 dropp$ = non-paym5t ( dues4 ,we h lo/ "o memb] by dea?1 ,h]b]t ,r4 ,orr1 ( ,wa%+ton4 ,! committees on memb]%ip & on f9ance %\ld be m active4 ,our annual report con/itutes ! m9utes ( ! la/ meet+4 ,our nut conte/ & o!r matt]s ( int]e/ h be5 report$ ?r\gh ! columns ( ! ,am]ican ,nut ,j\rnal1 our (ficial organ4 ,accept$4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,next 9 ord] ( bus9ess is ! fir/ /ep t[>d ! election ( (fic]s = ! ensu+ ye>4 ,x is our cu/om to h a nom9at+ committee elect$ at an e>ly session4 ,!y delib]ate & br+ =w>d a slate :i* is vot$ on at a lat] session4 ,?is morn+ is a suitable "t = ! election ( a committee1 & tomorr[ morn+ w be a suitable "t = _! report4 ,are !re any nom9ations = ! ,nom9at+ ,committee8 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,i move t ,dr4 ,morris1 ,mr4 ,c4 ,p4 ,close1 ,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,re$1 ,pr(4 ,/abl] & ,dr4 ,ira ,ulman be appo9t$ z ! ,nom9at+ ,committee4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,are !re any o!r nom9ations8 ,,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,i w\ld l to ask t ,mr4 ,littlepage's "n replace my "n on t committee4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,w ! nom9at+ memb] accept t am5dm5t8 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,yes1 sir4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,are !re any o!r nom9ations8 ,d ,i he> a second to ! nom9ations8 ,a ,,memb]3 ,second x4 ,c>ri$4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,are !re any o!r committees to report at ?is "t8 ,,! ,,secret>y3 ,!re is a ,committee on ,incorporation4 ,,mr4 ,t4 ,p4 ,,littlepage3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ! ,committee on ,incorporation has done "s inve/igat+ z to ! desirability ( incorporat+ ! ,association1 & also1 if desirable1 "u :at laws1 b t committee has n yet made any f9al report nor come to any f9al conclusion1 & ,i w\ld sugge/1 z a memb] ( ! committee1 t ! committee be cont9u$ & in/ruct$ to report ! foll[+ ye>4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i ?9k t x is unnecess>y to vote on ! cont9uance ( ! committee1 z x 0 appo9t$ ) indef9ite t5ure4 ,we w proce$ ) ! programme & fir/ h ! pleasure ( li/5+ to ,dr4 ,morris4 ,,notes ,,on ,,! ,,*9quap9s4 ,,dr4 ,,rob]t ,t4 ,,morris1 ,,new ,,york ,accord+ to ,s>g5t ! *9quap9 7,ca/anea pumila7 occupies dry s&y ridges1 ri* hillsides & ! bord]s ( swamps f s\!rn ,p5nsylvania to nor!rn ,florida & ! valley ( ! ,ne*es ,riv] 9 ,texas4 ,he /ates t ?is *e/nut is usually %rubby 9 ! region ea/ ( ! ,alleghany ,m\nta9s1 & assum+ ! tree =m we/ ( ! ,mississippi ,riv]4 ,mo/ abundant & ( l>ge/ size 9 s\!rn ,arkansas & ea/]n ,texas4 ,curi\sly en\gh !re are *9quap9s also 9 nor!a/]n ,asia :i* occur z und]/udies ( ! l>g] *e/nuts1 v mu* z !y d 9 ,am]ica4 ,! indig5\s range ( ! *9quap9 9 ,am]ica is limit$ nor?w>d by a plan ( nature = *eck+ di/ribution ( ! species4 ,?is plan is manife/$ 9 a habit :i* ! nuts h ( spr\t+ imm$iately ^u fall+ 9 ! e>ly autumn4 ,!y proce$ busily to make a tap root :i* may become sev]al in*es 9 l5g? be=e fro/ calls a halt4 ,9 ! nor? :]e ! w>m season is n long en\gh to all[ ! autumn spr\t to lignify suffici5tly = be>+ ! rigors ( w9t] x is kill$4 ,if we protect ! small autumn plants1 or if we transplant old] se$l+s f _! natural habitat1 !y may be gr[n easily f> nor? ( _! indig5\s range4 ,?rifty *9quap9s are happy 9 ! ,arnold ,arboretum at ,jamaica ,pla9 9 ,massa*usetts1 & no "o kn[s b !y might be cultivat$ 9 ,nova ,scotia & ,m9nesota4 ,! ,am]ican *9quap9 is "o ( ! _m beautiful & valuable plants :i* h n z yet be5 tak5 up by horticulturi/s = ext5sive developm5t4 ,x promises to become "o ( our important s\rces ( food supply = tomorr[4 ,if we 7 to develop all ( our plant res\rces at once x w\ld be an unk9dness to ! horticulturi/s ( two ?\s& ye>s f n[1 :o w\ld be left mop+ ar\nd ) no?+ to d4 ,*9quap9 nuts borne 9 heavy pr(usion by ! plants are delici\s 9 quality1 b usually too small to attract cu/om]s aside f ! wood folk4 ,! wood ( ! *9quap9 ( tree =m 7,c4 pumila v>4 arbori=mis7 is valuable = purposes to :i* wood ( ! common ,am]ican *e/nut is put1 & "s ( ! tree *9quap9s acquire an e>n$ increm5t ( two or ?ree feet diamet] ( trunk1 & a height ( m ?an fifty feet4 ,! bu% *9quap9 on ! o!r h& feels r exclusive :5 atta9+ a height ( z mu* z fifte5 feet4 ,i pres5t = inspection a fre%ly cut bran* f an ord9>y bu% *9quap91 load$ ) burs1 indicat+ ! prolific nature ( ! v>iety4 ,! nuts 9 ?is p>ticul> specim5 are small4 ,! next bran* exhibit$ is f a simil> bu%1 b ) nuts q z l>ge z ^? ( ! av]age common *e/nut4 ,! horticulturi/ has only to graft or bud 8 ord9>y run ( *9quap9 /ocks f "s "o bu% :i* be>s l>ge nuts1 & he w !n h a valuable grad$ m>ket product4 ,! l>g] ! nut ! less prolific ! plant is a rule :i* holds good ) ! fruit+ ( almo/ any plant4 ,look at ?is bran* f a tree *9quap94 ,x is n rem>kable 9 any way1 b ! leaves seem to be a little l>g] ?an ^? ( ! bu% *9quap94 ,my tree *9quap9s came f ,/>k's nurs]y 9 ,miss\ri4 ,! fir/ two :i* came into be>+ _h nuts q z l>ge z ^? ( ! common *e/nut & ,i imag9$ t a discov]y ( value _h be5 made1 b o!r trees ( ?is v>iety lat] bore v small nuts1 & all ( ! tree *9quap9 nuts1 l>ge & small1 7 mu* dull] 9 color ?an ^? ( ! bu% *9quap94 ,my f9al conclusion is t s f> z nuts alone are conc]n$ we may plant & cultivate ei!r ! tree v>iety or ! bu% v>iety ( ! species & !n bud or graft any numb] ( /ocks f "s "o plant :i* be>s ! be/ product4 ,,dr4 ,,augu/us ,,/abl]3 ,is x a some:at f9] gra9$ wood ?an ! ord9>y *e/nut8 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,i ?9k x is4 ,all ! *e/nuts h r co>se wood4 ,x is /rong1 h>d1 durable1 & valuable4 ,?is *9quap9 wood is some:at co>se gra9$1 b1 = comp>ison ) ! ,am]ican *e/nut1 ,i don't "k4 ,i imag9e x is f9] gra9$4 ,,dr4 ,,augu/us ,,/abl]3 ,i "k t ! *9quap9 wood is v mu* t\gh] ?an ! ,am]ican *e/nut4 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,oh1 yes4 ,y _c break ! bran*es s easily4 ,"h is a bran* f a hybrid betwe5 a *9quap9 & a common ,am]ican *e/nut 7,ca/anea d5tata74 ,! leaves & b>k1 y w obs]ve1 are v mu* l ^? ( ! l>g] p>5t4 ,! burs are borne s+ly or 9 small gr\ps l ^? ( ! common *e/nut1 in/ead ( be+ cr[d$ 9 d5se clu/]s l *9quap9 burs4 ,!re are two or ?ree nuts to ! bur1 :ile ! *9quap9 has normally1 b "o nut to ! bur4 ,?is p>ticul> hybrid tree %[$ an int]e/+ peculi>ity4 ,dur+ ! fir/ two seasons ( be>+ x _h b "o nut to ! bur1 & ?is 0 ( *9quap9 "*4 ,9 ! ?ird ye> its nuts 7 /ill borne s+ly1 b !y 7 light] 9 color ?an be=e & oddly corrugat$ at ! base4 ,z ! tree became old] its *e/nut p>5tage influ5ce pre-dom9at$1 & ! tree began to be> two or ?ree nuts to ! bur1 & m l *e/nuts 9 "*1 becom+ smoo? aga9 at ! base4 ,i h a numb] ( hybrids betwe5 *9quap9s & v>i\s species & v>ieties ( o!r *e/nuts1 b none ( ^! z yet has produc$ nuts ( m>k$ value4 ,!re seems to be a t5d5cy = ! co>s5ess ( ! l>g] nuts to prevail 9 ! hybrids1 a c]ta9 loss ( g5tility b5ea? a %[y ext]ior4 ,! next bran* :i* ,i pres5t = inspection is f a mo/ beautiful memb] ( ! *e/nut family1 ! ald]-leav$ *e/nut 7,ca/anea alnifolia74 ,x is class$ among ! *9quap9s 9 ,georgia :]e ! plant is ne>ly if n q ev]gre54 ,at ,/am=d x is decidu\s v late 9 ! autumn1 b sometimes a gre5 leaf w be f\nd 9 ,febru>y1 :]e sn[ or dead leaves on ! gr\nd h furni%$ a protect+ cov]+4 ,! notable value ( ?is species is p]haps 9 its decorative "* = lawns1 al?\gh ! nuts are fir/ rate4 ,! d>k gre5 brilliant leaves are /rik+ 9 appe>ance1 & ! %rub is incl9$ t[>d a trail+ habit1 mu* l t ( "s ( ! junip]s4 ,?is species is "o ( my pets at ,m]ribrooke1 & a p]5nial s\rce ( wond] t nurs]ym5 h n z yet p\nc$ ^u x = purposes ( exagg]ation & mis/atem5t 9 _! annual catalogues4 ,all ( ^! specim5s %[n today are f my c\ntry place at ,/am=d1 ,connecticut1 :]e ! m]cury 9 ! !rmomet] leads "o to make quotations relat+ to ! ,eve ( ,sa9t ,agnes2 five or t5 degrees bel[ ! z]o ( ,fahr5heit occasionally1 & once d[n to tw5ty degrees bel[ )\t injury to any k9d ( *e/nut s f> z ,i c\ld obs]ve4 ,i _c make an exhibit ( ! gold5-leav$ *9quap91 f ! ,pacific slope1 because trag$y came to all ( my little trees ( ?is species1 & l mo/ ( ! ,pacific slope plants !y are n v joy\s 9 ! ea/4 ,"o lot liv$ ?r\gh "o w9t] at ,m]ribrooke1 b !y 7 ! fir/ gre5 ?+s t my c[s saw 9 ! spr+time1 & fur!r comm5t w\ld be surplus4 ,a s+le specim5 took c\rage 9 its root & grew f9ely until autumn1 b x 0 ne> a pa? & somebody pull$ x up & left x ly+ />k nak$ on ! gr\nd4 ,botani/s h rec5tly made two species ( ! gold5-leav$ *9quap91 "o ( ! species atta9+ a height ( m ?an "o hundr$ feet4 ,if horticulturi/s w secure specim5s ( ,ca/anopsis *rysophilla f ! region ( ,m\nt ,%a/a 9 ,cali=nia ,i presume t ?is beautiful ev]gre5 *9quap9 may be taught to gr[ 9 "s ( our g>d5s4 ,x is cultivat$ 9 ! g>d5s ( temp]ate ,europe4 ,9 our nor? x %\ld be plant$ close to a runn+ brook1 :]e ! roots ( "y trees c c>ry wat] 9 pl5ty to ! ev]gre5 top :ile ! gr\nd is froz5 h>d 9 w9t]4 ,our common *9quap9 ( ! ea/ is p]haps ! "o t w be cultivat$ mo/ pr(itably 9 ! region betwe5 ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s & ! ,atlantic coa/4 ,! beauty ( fre%ly pick$ bu% *9quap9 nuts is n rivall$ by t ( any o!r k9d ( nut t ,i h ev] se54 ,! exquisitely poli%$ mahogany color comes out ( a light d[ny cl\d ne> ! apex ( ! nut1 d>k z midnight = a mom5t & !n %ad+ ?r\gh gl[s ( lively *e/nut until x dawns 9 a dreamy cream color at ! base1 ) j en\gh sugge/ion ( gre5 to temp] ! r$s4 ,if any g\rmet ) a color s\l c\ld s]ve ea* "o ( 8 fri5ds to a plate ( tw5ty fre%ly pick$ bu% *9quap9s along ) two ,b5nett p]simmons1 & all re/+ ^u late ,septemb] leaves ( tupelo or ( sweet gum ! fri5ds w\ld rema9 & live at 8 exp5se :ile ! comb9ation la/$4 ,fur!rmore1 ! *ildr5 mu/ always be tak5 into consid]ation along ) *9quap9 que/ions4 ,accord+ to au?orities on ! subject ( decad5ce1 we d n c>e v mu* ab\t ! *ildr5 9 ^! days4 ,if "s old-fa%ion$ folks /ill rema91 & if ^! old-fa%ion$ folks d n take any p>ticul> p]sonal int]e/ 9 ! beautiful g>d5 & lawn trees t ,am]ica has held out t[>ds u 9 ! *9quap9s1 !y may at lea/ plant a few ( !m because ( ! social /&+ t w foll[4 ,h[ s8 ,well1 y see1 x's because ! p>5ts ( elite *ildr5 w run ov] = a little visit 9 ord] to f9d out :y ! *ildr5 d n come home4 ,!n aga91 we are k9d to dumb animals :5 rais+ *9quap9s4 ,squirrels & :ite-foot$ mice1 cr[s & blue jays are full ( en?usiasm = ! nuts1 & !y w assume ! responsibility ( ga!r+ ! crop if ! matt] is left 9 _! *>ge4 ,?is is really a funny c\ntry2 some?+ ( a joke ( a c\ntry :5 y come to ?9k ( x4 ,in/ead ( sett+ out trees t w become bo? useful & beautiful1 9 accordance ) ! old ,greek ideal ( comb9+ beauty & utility we set out ,norway spruces t w make p hate ev]gre5s 9 g5]al4 ,we set out popl>s & all sorts ( bun*es ( leaves 9 our p>ks & along ! highways1 in/ead ( trees /ill m beautiful t w\ld yield tons ( c\pon doll>s e autumn4 ,de gu/ibus non e/ disput&um6 ,:5 exp]im5t+ ) hybridization ( *9quap9s1 ,i ran across a ph5om5on ( new int]e/ to botani/s1 & q accid5tally4 ,a numb] ( clu/]s ( pi/illate fl[]s ( ! bu% *9quap9 _h be5 cov]$ ) pap] bags1 b n poll5iz$ because ( a %ortage ( poll54 ,an active man ) a good s5se ( neatness & ord] w\ld h remov$ ^? bags m]ely = ! sake ( appe>ance1 b ,i 0 lazy & all[$ ! bags to rema9 = two or ?ree weeks4 ,:5 !y 7 f9ally remov$1 x 0 f\nd t ! bran*es _h set q full ( fruit1 al?\gh n s full z o!r bran*es t _h be5 poll5iz$ f oaks4 ,we 7 evid5tly deal+ ) an in/ance ( p>!nog5esis4 ,! fl[]s t _h receiv$ oak poll5 did n %[ any oak p>5tage lat] 9 _! prog5y1 & x 0 obs]v$ 9 o!r exp]im5ts 9 o!r ye>s t almo/ any cupulif]\s poll5 w\ld />t cells ( ! *9quap9 ov>y into division & into ! developm5t ( f]tile nuts1 b )\t inclusion ( ! poll5 cell 9 a gamete4 ,= purposes ( conv5i5ce 9 ?9k+ ,i h tempor>ily call$ ?is ph5om5on /]eo*emic p>!nog5esis4 ,app>5tly ! prop9quity ( =eign poll5 s]ves to /imulate a female cell into division1 al?\gh ! poll5 cell reta9s fix$ molecul> id5tity1 & does n fuse ) ! female cell4 ,i ne$ n br+ up ab/ruse que/ions ( *romat9 or ( subatomic influ5ce "h4 ,at ,/am=d ! bu% *9quap9s beg9 to blossom regul>ly ab\t ! twelf? ( ,june1 irrespective ( wea!r conditions4 ,! tree *9quap9s blossom a little lat]1 b ! ald]-leav$ *e/nut may n blossom until ,july1 lat] ?an ! common ,am]ican *e/nut4 ,! bu% *9quap9s beg9 to op5 _! burs v regul>ly ab\t ! fifte5? ( ,septemb]2 e>li] ?an any o!r *e/nuts4 ,!y be> at an e>ly age1 sometimes 9 _! fif? summ]4 ,graft+ & budd+ is easily done among all ( ! *e/nuts z a rule1 & ?is ye> ,i employ$ = ! fir/ "t a l>ge *9quap9 bu% = top-work+ ) ! *oice ,m]ribrooke v>iety ( ! common *e/nut4 ,e "o ( ! grafts caught1 & "s ( !m h gr[n trem5d\sly4 ,?is introduces an int]e/+ "q4 ,may we graft ! common ,am]ican *e/nut ^u bu% *9quap9 /ocks & secure precoci\s be>+8 ,9 t case we %all h trees l ! dw>f apple & pe> trees t are readily prun$ & spray$4 ,! *9quap9 is practically immune to ! blight 7,endo?ia p>asitica47 ,easily blight+ v>ieties ( *oice ,am]ican *e/nuts may be graft$ ^u ^! blight resi/ant /ocks 9 or*>d =m if my exp]im5t proves to be a success4 ,x w n less5 ! vuln]ability ( ! ,am]ican *e/nut1 b dw>f trees w be )9 rea* ( ! horticulturi/'s prun+ knife & spray outfit4 ,or*>ds ( f9e v>ieties ( ! common *e/nut may p]haps be ma9ta9$ 9 ?is way until ! pres5t epidemic ( ,endo?ia has exp5d$ its protoplasmic en]gy1 or until x has succumb$ to microbic p>asites ( its own4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,are !re any que/ions to put to ,dr4 ,morris8 ,,! ,,secret>y3 ,i v5ture to say t a good _m p h tri$1 9 ! nor?1 to raise ! *9quap91 & ,i w\ld l to h ,dr4 ,morris tell u :at to d to get x to gr[ be/1 :e!r to buy ! trees f ! nurs]ym51 or to plant ! nuts1 & j h[ to d x4 ,,pr(4 ,c4 ,p4 ,,close3 ,i w\ld l to ask ,dr4 ,morris ab\t ^? *9quap9s t set )\t ! application ( poll51 :e!r !y fill well & :e!r !y spr\t at plant+8 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,) u out 9 ,m>yl& x isn't a "q ( produc+ ! *9quap92 we cut ! bu%es d[n e ye> by ! ?\s&s2 we h no?+ at all aga9/ x1 b we h f\nd t ! weevil has be5 absolutely unsurm\ntable ) u4 ,x is ! only disc\rag+ ?+ ab\t x 9 ?is "p ( ! c\ntry4 ,ar\nd ,wa%+ton ! *9quap9 is a we$ tree1 & if y ga!r a peck ( *9quap9s y w f9d t ! :ole peck1 9 two weeks1 h turn$ to weevils4 ,p]haps ,dr4 ,morris c tell u :at to d ab\t t1 & put u on ! road to success4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i %\ld l to ask ,dr4 ,morris two que/ions1 fir/1 z to ! possibility ( utiliz+ ! we/]n tree *9quap9s z /ocks = ! l>g] ea/]n *9quap9s ) nuts ( *e/nut size4 ,is !re a possibility ?us ( gett+ a l>g] tree8 ,! second "q is ak9 to t--utilization ( ! we/]n tree z a /ock = a hybrid *9quap9 :i* might h arboreal possibilities & en\gh *9quap9 qualities to be blight-resi/ant4 ,,dr4 ,,/abl]3 ,i am v mu* int]e/$ 9 ,dr4 ,morris' proposition to produce dw>f *e/nut trees by graft+ on *9quap9 /ocks4 ,n[1 ! difficulty ,i w\ld expect to enc\nt] is ! same z :5 pecans are graft$ on hickory1 & :5 sweet *]ries are graft$ on ,mahaleb1 namely1 t ! root is n suffici5tly vigor\s to support ! top4 ,! fact t 8 grafts grew s trem5d\sly :5 put on ! *9quap9 roots w\ld look z ?\gh t might occur4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,! audi5ce seems to h run out ( que/ions4 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,all "r1 sir4 ,fir/1 h[ are we to gr[ *9quap9s8 ,plant z soon z ! nuts h fall54 ,put !m 9 a cage4 ,i h wire cages t are ab\t eight in*es high1 & ab\t two feet wide & ?ree feet long4 ,i plant all ! nuts !re4 ,!y h wire me% tops to keep out ! rod5ts2 t is ! important ?+4 ,all nuts1 ,i f9d1 are be/ plant$ "u conditions :i* simulate ! normal conditions4 ,our nut trees are n z yet dome/icat$4 ,!y hav5't le>n$ bad habits1 & !y dep5d ^u peculi>ly favorable conditions ( moi/ure1 w>m? & light4 ,y plant a nut two in*es bel[ ! surface1 b nature doesn't d any?+ l t4 ,consequ5tly1 t nut is surpris$1 doesn't "k :at to d1 & /ays d[n !re look+ = some?+ to happ54 ,b if y put t nut s x is ab\t half buri$ 9 ! s&1 s t x is damp on "o side & ! sun /rikes x on ! o!r side1 & ! fro/ & sn[ affect x naturally1 ! nut does j :at y want x to d4 ,x gets out ( t uncom=table condition & beg9s to gr[4 7,laught]47 ,:5 plant+ any nuts1 ,i place !m 9 ! s& & leave "o side expos$ to light1 moi/ure1 fro/1 & ! obs]vation ( visitors4 ,:5 ,i h spr\t$ *9quap9s 9 ! nor? & !re is dang] ( _! n lignify+ :5 ! gr\nd beg9s to freeze1 ,i put a lot ( little /icks upright among/ !m1 s t my mul* w n be> too heavily ^u ! *9quap9s1 & !n cov] !m ) sev]al in*es ( oak leaves1 or any good1 /rong leaves t w n pack too tightly4 ,t mul* ( loose leaves w protect ! spr\t$ nuts p]fectly dur+ ! w9t] 9 ,connecticut1 s !y all />t gr[+ 9 ! next spr+4 ,ano!r way is to buy *9quap9 /ocks f any ( ! nurs]ym51 /ocks two or ?ree ye>s old1 :i* beg9 to be> :5 f\r or five ye>s ( age4 ,pr(essor ,close1 ,i ?9k x 01 :o ask$ if ! nuts 7 f]tile1 bo? ! ones t develop$ )\t f]tilization by any poll5 & ! ones t develop$ by /]eo*emic p>!nog5esis--by ! influ5ce ( neighbor+ poll54 ,bo? sorts are f]tile1 & ,i presume t ! effect ( t w\ld be simil> to ! effect ( close inbre$+4 ,9 o!r words1 we w\ld h int5sification ( *>act]i/ics ( "s "o p>5t4 ,if y get p>!nog5esis ?r\gh two or ?ree g5]ations ,i presume t same peculi> feature ( ! orig9al p>5t w\ld become s int5sifi$ z to become a m>k$ feature ( ! prog5y4 ,?is (f]s a new l9e ( cleavage = horticultural inve/igation4 ,i am v glad t y rais$ t "q4 ,answ]+ ,mr4 ,littlepage1 ,i h app>5tly manag$ to get "s crosses back & =? betwe5 *e/nuts1 & oaks1 & bee*1 ?is ye>4 ,i h a numb] ( ^? crosses n[ "u way t are app>5tly good hybrids4 ,,dr4 ,,/abl]3 ,a cross betwe5 a *e/nut & a bee*8 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,yes1 ,i ?9k s4 ,y see1 ,i h got to wait a ye> or s until ! plants develop lat] *>act]i/ics4 ,all ( ^! p>5t trees are pretty closely relat$1 y see4 ,! bloom+ p]iod betwe5 ! diff]5t ones may be z mu* z two or ?ree weeks1 or ?ree mon?s ap>t1 9 fact4 ,i h cross poll9at$ hazels & oaks1 ?is ye>4 ,! way to d t is to f9d correspond5ts at ! extreme limit ( ! blossom+ range ( ! species1 :o w s5d poll54 ,= in/ance1 ,pr(essor ,hume1 9 ,florida1 s5ds me *e/nut poll5 9 "t to cross my oaks1 & ,pr(essor ,cons]1 ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,ma9e1 has "s bee*es t blossom 9 "t = me to cross ) *9quap9s & oak trees4 ,t is "o way to d x4 ,ano!r way is to put y\r poll5 9 cold /orage ) "s sphagnum moss1 j put a little damp moss 9 y\r box ) ! poll5 & put x 9 cold /orage1 & keep x at j ab\t =ty1 above ! freez+ po9t4 ,ano!r way is to put bran*es ) dormant fl[] buds 9 cold /orage4 ,hazels1 = in/ance1 may be kept = six mon?s 9 ?is way4 ,put !m 9 wat]1 9 ! sun1 & y soon h fl[]s furni%+ poll54 ,i w\ld take up ! :ole session ( two days "h if y 7 to ask too _m que/ions along t l9e4 7,laught]47 ,mr4 ,littlepage's "q ab\t ! weevils4 ,! "q may be settl$ v easily :]e !re are n _m *9quap9 trees4 ,t is ! case 9 ,connecticut4 ,collect all ! nuts1 & y collect all ( ! weevil l>vae4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 ! common *e/nut weevil1 t _h become v abundant1 has disappe>$ locally ) ! disappe>ance ( our ,am]ican *e/nut1 & has n attack$ our *9quap9s4 ,if y h an or*>d ( *9quap9s & collect all ! nuts y w soon dispose ( ! weevils4 ,t is ! only way t ,i "k ( = dispos+ ( ! weevils4 ,eat !m up4 7,laught]47 ,y c pick out ! weevil *e/nuts fairly well if y toss all ( ! nuts into a cup ( wat] & pick out ! ones t float4 ,p\nd !m up ) a mallet & ?r[ !m into ! *ick5 coop4 ,dr4 ,smi? asks if ! use ( ! tree *9quap9 z a /ock = ! ,am]ican *e/nut w\ld give good-siz$ trees4 ,und\bt$ly1 &1 besides t1 if x is us$ = hybridiz+ purposes1 we %all probably f9d t we h1 n[ & !n1 an individual t is v mu* l>g] ?an ! ,am]ican *e/nut or ! tree *9quap94 ,x is a peculi>ity ( hybrids to %[ ecc5tricities1 & _m hybrids t occur are v ?rifty & l>g] ?an ei!r p>5t4 ,t is ! case ) ! ,royal walnut t !y h said s mu* ab\t 9 ,cali=nia4 ,x gr[s s rapidly !re t ev5 ,cali=nians d n d>e to tell ab\t x4 7,laught]47 ,ano!r "q1 ! la/ "o--w ! effect ( us+ a bu% *9quap9 /ock = ! ,am]ican *e/nut be l t ( gr[+ s\r *]ries ^u /ocks :i* d n c>ry !m well8 ,n[1 we h !re :at ! lawy]s call a "q ( fact1 & we %all h to "w t out4 ,"s tops w exhau/ a root4 ,"s tops w grab a root by ! back ( ! neck & drag x "r along4 ,"s tops w adju/ !mselves philosophically to almo/ any sort ( unusual conditions1 & g on & be> fruit l true philosoph]s4 ,we h an in/ance ( t 9 ! dw>f apple1 :i* is a success4 ,we h an in/ance ( failure 9 "s ( ! *]ries :i* exhau/ !mselves4 ,we h an example ( dragg+ ! small] /ock along :5 we graft ! ,royal walnut ^u ! common black walnut4 ,! ,royal walnut j drags ! black walnut along :]e x doesn't want to g at all4 ,s !re we h ?ree in/ances ( graft+ a =eign visitor ^u ano!r /ock4 ,i h tak5 m ?an my %>e ( "t1 ,mr4 ,*airman1 b ! discussion has be5 v int]e/+1 inde$4 7,applause47 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i am go+ to take ! lib]ty ( ask+ ,dr4 ,morris "o m "q1 :i*1 p]haps1 is ( int]e/ to o!rs4 ,9 y\r exp]i5ce ) ! gold5-leaf$ *9quap9s1 f h[ f> ,s\? h y secur$ /ock1 & h[ f> ,nor? w ! gold5-leaf$ *9quap9 gr[8 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,my specim5s ,i got f a deal] 9 ,portl&1 ,oregon1 & !y grew pretty f> ,nor?4 ,! tree ranges f ,oregon & ,wa%+ton d[n ?r\gh ! l[] extremities ( ! ,coa/ range1 b we _h bett] get ! nor!rn =ms1 & !re is "o man1 ,c>l ,purdy1 ( ,ukiah1 ,cali=nia1 :o has ! gold5 *9quap9 = sale4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,! next subject on ! programme is ! ,am]ican black walnut4 ,we h s5t to ! memb]%ip a s]ies ( que/ions ab\t ! black walnut :i* ,i w read = ! b5efit ( ^? :o hav5't ?is programme4 ,fir/4 ,:at evid5ce is !re to %[ t ! black walnut may become a valuable nut comm]cially8 ,second4 ,is quality important ) ! black walnut1 & is !re mu* diff]5ce 9 ! quality ( diff]5t nuts8 ,?ird4 ,:at v>ieties ( black walnut are mo/ promis+8 ,f\r?4 ,is ! ,?omas black walnut bett] ?an _m o!rs t h be5 br\ght to notice8 ,fif?4 ,:at are ! be/ me?ods ( propagat+8 ,n[1 we h no set pap] on t subject4 ,i w call on ex-,presid5t ,littlepage to make a few sallies conc]n+ ! black walnut4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ! black walnut ought to be ! easie/ subject 9 ! _w to talk ab\t4 ,x is a "q ( h[ mu* "o ought n to say1 h[ev]1 9 a limit$ "t4 ,! pecan tree 0 my fir/ love4 ,i %all always /ick to ! pecan4 ,b if ,i 7 call$ ^u today1 to po9t out to ?is ,association or to any prospective gr[] :o actually wants to make money rais+ nuts1 & :o wants some?+ t w pay ! groc]y bill & 8 sixty or n9ety day notes1 ,i ?9k ,i %\ld tell !m to plant ! black walnut4 ,& ,i don't ?9k1 ei!r1 t t is treason1 because ,i ?9k1 z we g ?r\gh ) ?is programme1 ! pecan w be prop]ly tak5 c>e (4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! black walnut is a native tree4 ,i h se5 x gr[+1 too1 on ! ,gulf ( ,mexico1 & 9 ! ,dom9ion ( ,canada4 ,mo/ native trees are immune to fung\s & bact]ial diseases t de/roy s _m trees4 ,! black walnut is a h>dy tree1 & a f9e timb] proposition4 ,9 ! second place1 x is a fa/ gr[+ tree4 ,i don't knew j h[ quickly "o c\ld actually produce a black walnut or*>d1 b1 outside ( a few trees1 su* z ! black locu/ & a numb] ( o!rs t d n produce nuts1 ! black walnut is "o ( ! fa/e/ gr[]s4 ,if y w fe$ a "y walnut tree a small application ( wood a%es & "s /able manure x w commonly make a gr[? ( six or sev5 feet a ye>4 ,!re=e1 y don't h to wait a long "t = walnut trees to come into be>+4 ,x is easy to propagate ! black walnut4 ,cleft graft+ is "o ( ! simple/ me?ods 9 ! spr+4 ,dormant wood1 cut 9 ,febru>y or ,m>* & put 9 cold /orage1 & cleft graft$ 9 ! spr+1 ought to give f sixty to sev5ty p] c5t ( success4 ,i hav5't _h exp]i5ce budd+1 b ^? :o h say x is easy4 ,mr4 ,rop] says x is1 b graft+ is easy & simple4 ,! walnut1 l o!r nut trees1 mu/ be propagat$ by budd+ or graft+ 9 ord] to come true4 ,x w n come true f se$4 ,up until a few ye>s ago ,i seldom saw a :ole half ( a black walnut4 ,! ord9>y black walnut cracks ab\t l ?is 7%[+ picture74 ,"h is a black walnut crack$ ) two halves1 & y c't ev5 see ! k]nel4 ,! two upp] pictures %[ v beautiful walnuts1 b !y defy y to get out a :ole k]nel4 ,n[1 !n1 :5 y come to a black walnut l ?is 7%[+ picture71 :]e y c crack out any:]e f fifty to sev5ty-five p] c5t ( :ole halves1 & _m entirely :ole k]nels1 ! mo/ important problem is solv$1 & ! black walnut has come into ! competition4 ,?is v>iety 0 discov]$ by ,h5ry ,/abl]1 & ,i nam$ x aft] him4 ,p]haps "o out ( e t5 ( ^! nuts furni%es a :ole1 solid1 undivid$ k]nel4 ,! o!r walnut is ! ord9>y field walnut t has little comm]cial value = ! reason t y c't get ! k]nels out4 ,x w\ldn't make any diff]5ce if ! nuts grew z big z pumpk9s & a million ( !m on a tree if y c\ldn't get ! meat out ( !m4 ,i suppose no "o w "q t ! black walnut w gr[ & be> almo/ any:]e4 ,x is a we$ tree 9 ?is "p ( ! c\ntry4 ,on ,presid5t ,smi?'s f>m la/ ye> ,i saw !m gr[+ ev]y:]e4 ,!y gr[ & be> all ov] ! fields4 ,&1 z ,i said1 ! "q ( propagation is r simple4 ,i ?9k ! great tr\ble we are up aga9/ on ! f>m 9 ,am]ica is labor1 & t is because y _c af=d to pay good labor4 ,y want a sup]abundance ( labor]s 9 ! summ] "t = two or ?ree mon?s1 & expect !m to loaf all w9t]4 ,! f>m proposition isn't a pr(itable "o1 v l>gely because ( ! "q ( labor1 & ! f>m]s ( ?is c\ntry mu/ produce some?+ pr(itable en\gh to enable !m to hire & pay high-grade labor ! ye> r\nd1 or !y w g broke4 ,!y mu/ raise su* crops z ,alfalfa t !y c fe$ to _! dairy cattle1 & tree crops t !y c use _! labor on 9 ! w9t] "t4 ,n9e m5 are leav+ ! f>m today = e "o go+ !re4 ,if y don't believe x1 read ! c5sus /ati/ics4 ,! reason is labor & because y c't af=d to pay x4 ,i don't ?9k !re is any pr(it 9 sell+ ! black walnut z a nut1 b !re w be pr(it 9 ga!r+ t nut1 /or+ x1 &1 :5 y\r f>m crops are all 9 & y are ready to dis*>ge ! labor1 put up an ord9>y *eap crack+ %$ & let !m crack ! nuts = y1 & sell ! meats4 ,t solves ! "q ( :at to d ) f>m labor 9 ! w9t] "t4 ,! walnuts return ab\t t5 p\nds ( meat to a bu%el1 & a good crack] ought to crack f f\r to six bu%els ( nuts a day4 ,suppose y get only tw5ty-five c5ts a p\nd = ! meats & y\r m5 crack only ?ree bu%els a day1 ea* !re is #g4ej a day com+ 9 f ea* crack]1 &1 besides1 y h made a valuable employm5t = y\r labor ?r\gh ! w9t]1 & y c af=d to pay !m = _! "w4 ,t is :y ,i say ! black walnut is1 to my m9d1 "o ( ! be/ comm]cial propositions4 ,i don't "k h[ soon y c br+ a black walnut or*>d into be>+4 ,"h is a picture ( a tree probably sev5 or eight ye>s old1 load$ ) nuts4 ,t is a se$l+ tree4 ,i %\ld ?9k a budd$ tree w\ld be> soon] ?an t4 ,i don't "k mu* ab\t walnut v>ieties4 ,! ,ru% & ,?omas are excell5t nuts4 ,b ?is ,/abl] walnut1 9 my op9ion1 is 9 a class by itself 9 crack+ possibilities4 ,x is simply a crack+ proposition ) ! black walnut1 & t is1 to my m9d1 ab\t all !re is to x4 ,p]haps1 o!r good v>ieties w be discov]$4 ,!n1 suppose we f9d1 aft] a :ile1 an ,engli% walnut mu* bett] & m pr(itable ?an we h at pres5t1 & "o t is blight resi/ant4 ,if y h an or*>d ( black walnuts y h an ideal /ock to top-"w to ,engli%4 ,i w %[ y "o on my f>m ) a l>g] top ?an ,i cut (f gr[n 9 two summ]s1 & x set "s nuts la/ spr+4 ,s1 if y want a f\ndation = an ,engli% walnut or*>d1 y c't make any mi/ake 9 plant+ ! budd$ or graft$ v>ieties ( ^! black walnuts4 ,! black walnut is a beautiful roadside tree4 ,!re are diff]5t types1 ! same z ) ! pecan tree4 ,"h is a picture ( curly black walnut wood4 ,! logs 7 cut f a tree 9 ,k5tucky4 ,x took ?ree wagons to haul ?is "o tree to m>ket1 & x br\ght ?irty-five hundr$ doll>s4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i wi% to pres5t ,mr4 ,/abl] z ! orig9al propagator ( ! tree t be>s 8 "n4 ,! nuts ( ! ,/abl] black walnut h be5 pron\nc$ by a good _m au?orities z ! be/ v>iety ?us f> discov]$4 ,,mr4 ,,h5ry ,,/abl]3 ,dr4 ,smi? has j introduc$ me z ! discov]] ( ?is walnut4 ,?is is h>dly fair to ,mr4 ,littlepage1 :o fir/ introduc$ &1 probably1 fir/ propagat$ ?is walnut4 ,x 0 discov]$ by my gr&fa!r a little ov] =ty ye>s ago4 ,no?+ 0 done ) x at t "t = ! reason t no?+ c\ld be done1 b ,i 0 n ! fir/ "o to get ! idea ( propagat+ x1 because my fa!r1 :o is "h today1 attempt$ to graft ^! walnuts1 & e cion fail$4 ,x seems to me t ,mr4 ,littlepage /rikes ! key-note 9 8 article 9 ,! ,c\ntry ,g5tleman la/ spr+ :5 he says t3 ,?r\gh ! ef=ts ( ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association !re 0 rec5tly discov]$ a black walnut tree 9 ,h[>d ,c\nty1 ,m>yl&1 produc+ nuts t crack out sev5ty-five to eighty p] c5t ( :ole halves4 ,! meat ( ?is v>iety1 ! ,/abl]1 weighs =ty-sev5 p] c5t ( ! :ole nut4 ,t's x1 g5tlem54 ,i did n discov] ?is walnut1 & )\t ! organization ( ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association ,i c\ld n h done any m ) x ?an my gr&fa!r 0 able to d =ty ye>s ago1 b1 z x 01 we j took up sev]al samples & ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s did ! re/4 ,! walnut has be5 attract+ m & m att5tion ev] s9ce4 ,consid]+ ! black walnut z timb]1 "h is a picture ( a black walnut log1 publi%$ 9 ,f>m]s' ,bullet9 ,no4 #gae1 ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture4 ,! orig9al own]1 a f>m]1 sold ! :ole tree1 /&+1 = fifty doll>s2 ! buy] fell$ x at a co/ ( fifte5 doll>s1 & sold x !re = #ach4bf4 ,x 0 resold1 )\t be+ remov$1 = #afd4hd1 & lat] sold 7! la/ price is n publi%$7 to a l>ge sew+ ma*9e factory1 b x c]ta9ly br\ght m ?an t la/ price :i* is pr9t$1 ( #afd4hd4 ,we occasionally he> ( prices ( #ajj or s be+ paid = black walnut trees on ! /ump4 ,! reason we don't he> ( su* prices be+ paid m frequ5tly is because ! f>m] 9 n m ?an "o case out ( tw5ty gets real value = 8 black walnut trees4 ,!re is a v highly organiz$ & effici5t sy/em 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ga!r+ up ! black walnut trees :i* are l>ge en\gh to use = furniture & o!r purposes & pay+ = !m z little z possible2 b !y make a practice ( gett+ !m ev5 if !y d h to pay m4 ,!re 0 a man liv+ n s f> f :]e ,i live1 up 9 our c\ntry1 :o _h a v f9e black walnut tree /&+ 9 8 y>d4 ,"o day a man came ar\nd & ent]$ into conv]sation ) him1 & said1 ,mr4 ,h>d]1 :at w y take = t tree 9 y\r y>d8 ,x isn't = sale1 said ,mr4 ,h>d]4 ,well1 said ! man1 ,i'll give y a hundr$ doll>s = x4 ,mr4 ,h>d] m]ely %ook 8 head4 ,! buy] dick]$ along a little bit m & aft] a :ile said1 ,i'll tell y :at ,i'll d2 ,i'll give y #aej = t tree4 ,mr4 ,h>d] said ,if y don't get (f ?is place1 sir1 imm$iately1 ,i'll %oot y4 ,i am prep>$ to say t if y are go+ to plant trees = timb] !re is no o!r tree :i* w give su* a yield z ! black walnut1 ) ! exception ( ! catalpa1 &1 p]haps1 ! black locu/4 ,x is ! mo/ valuable tree we h1 & x is ! mo/ valuable wood gr[n 9 ! ,nor?4 ,i don't believe1 ei!r1 ! black walnut w ev] be less valuable ?an x is4 ,i "k positively t ! ,/abl] tree is n ov] sixty-five ye>s old1 p]haps1 n ov] sixty1 & yet t tree1 judg+ f ! prices ,i h se5 paid = o!r trees ( simil> size1 is wor? f #abe to #aej on ! /ump4 ,f ! "t t tree />t$ until n[1 x has increas$ 9 value at ! rate ( two doll>s a ye>1 = timb] alone1 to say no?+ ( ! nut4 ,suppose ! tree _h be5 pur*as$ sixty ye>s ago at two doll>s f ! nurs]yman4 ,x w\ld h paid "o hundr$ p] c5t annually on ! inve/m5t4 ,x be>s1 z a regul> ?+1 a crop e o!r ye>4 ,z to :at ,mr4 ,pom]oy said ab\t ! black walnut n crack+ well & crumbl+ up :5 x gets to be old1 ,i h "s specim5s "h ( ! ,/abl] walnut ,i crack$ ?is morn+1 :i* are ( ! #aiae crop4 ,! k]nel ( ^! old nuts keeps its flavor & sweetness wond]fully4 ,!re is h>dly any *ange 9 quality )9 "o ye>1 :]eas "s o!r nuts1 z ! hazel & "s v>ieties ( ! pecan1 become rancid aft] keep+ six mon?s4 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,i w\ld l to say "o ^w ab\t ! curly walnut4 ,9 ,ma9e1 n long ago1 ,i saw a "y man :o _h b\ght a bird's eye maple1 p]haps fifty ye>s ( age1 t he paid #a1ejj =4 ,i ask$ him :y he didn't graft "o million ord9>y maples f t tree & sell ! /ock at #bjj p] tree1 & !n he w\ld h #bjj1jjj1jjj at j ab\t ! "t ( life :5 he c\ld enjoy x4 ,well1 t hadn't occurr$ to him4 ,n[1 if ,mr4 ,littlepage w hunt up ?is curly black walnut /ump t sold = #c1ejj1 & if he w graft a million trees f t he w be able to raise a family ( t5 *ildr5 7,laught]47 ,,dr4 ,,/abl]3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,i j want to call att5tion to an omission 9 ! little talk t my son gave ab\t ! *>act]i/ics ( ?is ,/abl] tree1 namely1 its beauty z a %ade tree4 ,he didn't m5tion t1 & ,i don't ?9k any "o has m5tion$ x 9 connection ) ! black walnut4 ,n[1 ! black walnut trees1 z we meet !m along ! roadsides1 v>y exce$+ly 9 habit ( gr[?4 ,! majority ( !m h v few ma9 limbs1 p]haps n ov] half a doz5 ma9 limbs on a tree1 & !y w be gaunt1 unga9ly ?+s1 /ret*$ out /raight1 l great arms rea*+ out ) v little beauty4 ,n[1 if y plant se$l+s1 t is :at y are likely to get on y\r lawn4 ,y may h some?+ t is n pretty except z a trunk1 b ! tree t produces ^! v rem>kable nuts is also "o ( ! mo/ beautiful 9 its con=mation4 ,x is %ap$ j l an umbrella1 r l[1 v spread+1 & v frequ5tly ) a v mu* l>g] numb] ( limbs ?an almo/ any black walnut tree t ,i h ev] se51 & its habit ( gr[+ 9 ! nurs]y confirms t op9ion--t x produces a v l>ge numb] ( buds & bran*es f ea* graft4 ,mr4 ,littlepage has 9 8 f5ce r[1 uncultivat$ & surr\nd$ by bu%es ( e k9d1 a small se$l+ walnut t he graft$ ?is ye> ) ! ,/abl] walnut4 ,:5 he graft$ ! se$l+ x 0 a little ov] an in* 9 diamet]4 ,i measur$ ! gr[? f t graft rec5tly1 & five %oots measur$ ov] five feet long1 & o!rs ov] f\r feet long4 ,f\r mon?'s gr[?--five %oots ov] five feet long6 ,n[1 ,i don't "k ( any o!r walnut or any o!r nut tree t w\ld h produc$ t _m %oots f a s+le graft4 ,x makes a v beautiful %ade tree & has a top :i* is capable ( produc+ v l>ge crops ( fruit4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,x sometimes makes me feel a%am$ ( my race :5 ,i realize our limitations 9 comp>ison ) ! trees4 ,we run across a valuable type ( tree g5us1 & we c make millions l x 9 a %ort "t4 ,b :5 a rem>kable specim5 ( ! g5us homo1 arises1 he /ays ) u b a %ort :ile be=e we c>t him (f to ! cemet]y1 & t is ! la/ ( him4 ,does any "o else wi% to make a contribution to ! black walnut8 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,mr4 ,littlepage made ! rem>k t x is v easy to propagate ! black walnut4 ,we hav5't f\nd x s4 ,we h made almo/ a complete failure ( bo? budd+ & graft+4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,well1 ,i 0 speak+ ( my exp]i5ce 9 graft+ ?is spr+4 ,i ?9k ,i rem>k$ t my p]sonal exp]i5ce 9 budd+ _h n gone f> en\gh to tell def9itely :at ! results are go+ to be4 ,b ,i put 9 ab\t fifty-five grafts1 & ,i _h fifty ( !m to gr[1 & ( t fifty !re 7 probably t5 or twelve knock$ out--?r[n out at ! fir/ cultivation--& probably ?irty-five are gr[+ !re yet4 ,i don't "k :at ,mr4 ,:ite's exp]i5ce 0 9 ,indiana4 ,i ?9k x 01 p]haps1 n z good z he expect$1 because ( ! fact t a lot ( ! bud-wood dri$ out1 b ,i ?9k ,mr4 ,mc,coy c give "s exp]i5ce4 ,n[1 ,mr4 ,rop] "h1 has _h exp]i5ce 9 budd+ ! black walnut1 hav5't y8 ,,mr4 ,w4 ,n4 ,,rop]3 ,we only put 9 ab\t a doz5 buds a %ort "t ago4 ,i ?9k half ( ^? are gr[+4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,well1 we budd$1 p]haps1 two or ?ree hundr$ ?is summ]1 & ,i don't "k really h[ !y are com+ out1 b1 f ! way ^! grafts behav$ ?is spr+1 ,i don't see any reason :y x is go+ to be v difficult4 ,:at d y "k ab\t x1 ,mr4 ,mc,coy8 ,,mr4 ,r4 ,l4 ,,mccoy3 ,mr4 ,/abl]'s grafts didn't take v well1 b s f> z budd+ ! black walnut is conc]n$1 x is j z easy z h&l+ ! pea*2 !re is no?+ to x :5 y get ! bud-wood2 b fir/ y h got to h ! bud-wood4 ,y c't jump on to any old tree & get buds t w give satisfactory results4 ,n[1 if ,mr4 ,re$ & 8 fa!r _h to g into ,wiscons9 & ,mi*igan to get _! bud-wood1 & cut x f "s old *]ry trees1 we'll say1 & came back to ,indiana & tri$ to produce trees f ^? buds 9 ! nurs]y1 !y w\ld fail4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,well1 ! net result1 app>5tly1 ( ! discussion on propagation seems to be t ,mr4 ,mc,coy1 9 ,indiana1 has _h great success ) buds2 ,mr4 ,littlepage1 9 ,m>yl&1 has _h great success ) grafts2 ,i also _h great success ) grafts put 9 by a man :o c\ld nei!r read nor write1 b :o 0 taught ! te*nique z taught by ?is ,society4 ,is !re any fur!r discussion8 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,pr(essor ,hutt ought to "k some?+ ab\t ! black walnut4 ,he kn[s some?+ ab\t ev]y?+ else ,i h ev] talk$ to him ab\t4 ,i believe he wrote me1 9 connection ) "s ( 8 te/s1 t =ty-sev5 p] c5t ( ! ,/abl] nuts 7 meat4 ,,pr(4 ,w4 ,n4 ,,hutt3 ,i ?9k s4 ,i ?9k x 0 pretty close to a half4 ,!re 7 no brok5 halves at all1 & "s ( !m came out entirely :ole4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,we want to he> f ,dr4 ,dem+4 ,,! ,,secret>y3 ,i j want to call att5tion to "o ( ! que/ions on our li/4 ,:at c we d to *eap5 nuts & nut meats 9 ! retail m>ket s z to make ?is valuable food available to p]sons ( small means8 ,x seems to me t we are go+ to d t ) su* nuts z ! black walnut4 ,i ?9k we ought to "w = ! "t :5 ! black walnut c be sold 9 quantity 9 ,new ,york ,city1 & 9 all ! l>g] cities = ar\nd a doll> a bu%el4 ,p]haps ! %ellb>k hickory is also go+ to be a nut ( ! same k9d1 a nut t c be put on ! m>ket 9 l>ge quantities at a small price1 = ! man ( limit$ means to buy & crack out himself4 ,dr4 ,morris1 speak+ ( "s t\gh nut1 once said x 0 s t\gh t x 0 only ( int]e/ to squirrels & m5 out ( "w4 ,t expression ab\t m5 out ( "w made me ?9k1 z d s _m ?+s t ,dr4 ,morris says4 ,if a man out ( "w c buy a bu%el ( black walnuts = a doll>1 & if he c crack out sev]al bu%els a day1 or ev5 only "o bu%el a day1 he c make m wages j crack+ out t bu%el ( black walnuts ?an at ord9>y labor+ "w4 ,i ?9k t we ought to get on ! m>ket a supply ( *eap nuts = ! man ( limit$ means & t we ought to educate ! p to a k ( ! value ( su* nuts4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,x is always well to put ! brakes on4 ,i hav5't he>d a ?+ ab\t ?is black walnut except virtues4 ,i believe ,mr4 ,mc,murran1 ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 is pres5t1 & ,i ?9k he has be5 giv+ p>ticul> att5tion to ! black walnut1 & p]haps he w tell u ( "s ( its enemies1 ei!r animal or vegetable4 ,,mr4 ,s4 ,m4 ,,mcmurran3 ,well1 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 un=tunately1 ,i hav5't giv5 mu* att5tion to ! black walnut4 ,my "t has be5 giv5 to ! pecan until ?is summ]1 :5 ,i work$ on ! p]sian walnut to "s ext5t1 b ,i c say1 g5]ally1 t ! black walnut hasn't got any v s]i\s enemies4 ,ev]y?+ x has got is "r "h n[4 ,!re isn't any reason to suppose t x w\ld h any s]i\s disease if we cultivat$ x on an ext5sive scale4 ,z to ! insects1 ,i am n able to /ate4 ,i h nev] notic$ any p>ticul>ly on ! nut s9ce a boy4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,i ?9k ,mr4 ,mc,murran has cov]$ ! diseases ( ! black walnut4 ,i ?9k ! obs]vation ( e "o w confirm :at ,mr4 ,mc,murran has said4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,! *air w deviate f p>liam5t>y practice = a mom5t by dismiss+ ! "q4 ,i wi% to contribute ?ree small facts4 ,"o is ) ref]5ce to ! special gr[? ( ! black walnut "u f]tilization4 ,! m5 on my place h to cut bu%es ar\nd apple trees1 & "s /ray black walnuts plant$ by nature "u ^? trees h be5 cut = #aj ye>s b = ! la/ two seasons h be5 left alone4 ,!y h promptly come up ?r\gh ^? apple trees1 "u ! influ5ce ( nitrate ( soda1 l a /e] go+ ?r\gh a bu%4 ,!y h gr[n five or six feet ea* season4 ,ano!r po9t is ! great v>iation1 app>5tly1 ( ! black walnut ) reg>d to its keep+ qualities4 ,i recall putt+ away 9 a g>ret1 9 #ahid1 a numb] ( bu%els ( a nut ( p>ticul> m]it1 & !y 7 p]fectly sweet & edible z mu* z sev5 ye>s lat]4 ,n[ x is only occasionally t y w f9d "o t w keep z long z t1 b ) ! trees be>+ e two ye>s1 x is q possible t ! fruit w\ld be m>ketable = two or ?ree1 or ev5 f\r ye>s aft]w>ds1 if kept prop]ly4 ,!re is no reason to ?9k t ! ,/abl] is ! be/ nut gr[+ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x m]ely grew )9 rea* ( ! eyes ( obs]v+ m54 ,! filb]t & ! almond we hope to cov] briefly be=e adj\rn+4 ,i w ask ,mr4 ,re$ to give u a %ort contribution on ! almond4 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,?is almond 7exhibit+ specim5s7 we receiv$ scions ( f ,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,re$1 ( ! ,dep>tm5t a few ye>s ago4 ,x 0 ?ree ye>s ago ?is summ] t we top-work$ x1 & we pick$ almo/ half a bu%el ( almonds f x ?is summ]4 ,! almond has a ?ick %ell1 k]nel ( good flavor1 b ,i don't ?9k x w am\nt to any?+ v mu* except = home use4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,h[ old 0 ! tree t bore !m8 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,top-work$ ?ree ye>s ago ?is summ]4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,& bore h[ _m8 ,,mr4 ,w4 ,c4 ,,re$3 ,bore a half a bu%el ?is la/ summ]4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,if any "o "h w\ld l bud-wood ( t almond ,i w be glad to s5d x to !m4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,mr4 ,littlepage (f]s to s5d ^? pres5t bud-wood ( t tree1 :i* c be1 ) great ease1 top-work$ on ! pea* by ! ord9>y process ( %ield budd+4 ,,dr4 ,,ira ,,ulman3 ,i h graft$ scions ( ?is nut on ,amygdalus ,davidiana1 ! new ,*9ese pea* ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 & ! gr[? is m>vel\s4 ,x does j exactly z ,mr4 ,re$ told y4 ,,dr4 ,,/abl]3 ,i w\ld l to ask :e!r ! almond is attack$ by ! same insects & diseases t affect ! pea*1 :e!r x is affect$ by pea* yell[s & :e!r x is affect$ by ! pea* bor]4 ,i und]/& t ! apricot is1 9 a measure1 immune to ! pea* bor] at lea/1 & possibly also to ! pea* yell[s4 ,if ! almond is to be %ort-liv$ l ! pea* tree1 x may n be ne>ly z valuable z if x 7 a h>dy tree4 ,if y place x ^u pea* /ock x seems to me y mu/ expect x to be attack$ by ! pea* bor]4 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,i believe t ! orig9al tree ( ?is v>iety is some?+ ov] sixty ye>s old4 ,n v _m pea* trees live to be t old1 & 9 ! nurs]y x is a v vigor\s gr[]4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,! comm]cial almond is a r long-liv$ tree 9 ! c\ntries :]e x is gr[n4 ,( c\rse1 "h is a "q ( te*nique & individual behavior :i* only exp]i5ce c answ]4 ,we ought to take "s ( ^! nuts home t ,mr4 ,re$ has giv5 u4 ,i %\ld l to "k :y ,mr4 ,re$ s deprecates a tree :i* be>s s mu* fruit 9 s %ort a "t4 ,if ! fruit is good1 :y c't x be h&l$ comm]cially8 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,x is ! crack+ quality4 ,x has a v ?ick %ell4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,is t a problem t ma*9es _c solve8 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,no1 sir4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,h[ is ! flavor8 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,! flavor is good4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,i 0 j go+ to say1 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 t ,i visit$ ,mr4 ,re$'s place ?is summ]1 & x is utt]ly surpris+ h[ fa/ & beautifully ?is h>dy almond grew4 ,he took me out at ! edge ( ! g>d5 :]e he has !m gr[+1 & ,i c\ld h>dly realize t !y 7 only ?ree-ye>-old trees4 ,!y 7 z full ( little almonds z ! pea* trees 7 ( pea*es1 only !y 7 mu* long] & ) v r$ leaves4 ,v9c5nes1 ,indiana1 is on ! ?irty-n9? p>allel1 :i* is ! nor!rn b\nd>y ( ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 & x gets mu* cold] !re ?an "h1 & ^? trees hav5't ! slighte/ sign ( w9t]-kill+4 ,i don't "k any?+ ab\t ! quality ( ! meat1 b !y are c]ta9ly wond]ful be>]s4 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,i f9d t 9 ! region ( ,/am=d1 ,connecticut1 h>d %ell$ almonds d pretty well if y look aft] !m pretty closely1 b !y take all y\r "t4 ,!y h s _m diff]5t blights on !m t ,i am glad m9e di$ a long "t ago4 ,!y bore heavily1 b !y 7 too mu* tr\ble4 ,!y blossom s e>ly 9 our locality t ! blossoms are apt to be caught by fro/4 ,y may ov]come t if y set ! trees on ! nor? side ( a /one wall :]e ! gr\nd reta9s ! fro/ = f "o to two weeks lat] ?an on ! s\? side4 ,i f9d1 t by do+ ?is y c ret>d _! "t ( blossom+ suffici5tly to mat]ially less5 ! dang] ( _! be+ caught by spr+ fro/s4 ,,mr4 ,,h>ry ,r4 ,,web]3 ,w y get ! same results if y put a mul* "u ! tree8 ,won't t prev5t ?aw+ & hold ! tree = a week or two8 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,yes1 sir4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,h y us$ ?is p>ticul> almond8 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,"o v mu* l x1 & x 0 a mighty good almond--h>d to get at b good4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i w\ld l to ask ,mr4 ,re$ z to ! bloom+ "t ( ?is p>ticul> tree 9 comp>ison ) "s /&>d pea* l ! ,elb]ta4 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,x bloom$ ab\t a week e>li] ?an ! ,elb]ta1 & ! pea* crop is light4 ,,mr4 ,,h5ry ,,/abl]3 ,i h be5 associat$ = ! pa/ ?ree or f\r ye>s occasionally ) ,mr4 ,m4 ,b4 ,waite1 ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 & ,i h _h a good *ance to /udy ! effect ( spray+ on pea*es 9 prev5t+ br[n rot & curculio4 ,at ,mr4 ,littlepage's ,i obs]v$ an almond tree t />t$1 ,i %\ld ?9k1 ) tw5ty-five or ?irty almonds on x ?is spr+4 ,^? almonds gradually succumb$ to ! curculio & br[n rot until1 at la/1 only "o 0 left1 & x seems to me t1 if ?is almond is to be gr[n comm]cially 9 ?is climate1 we w h to use ! same me?ods ( gr[+ z ) pea*es1 & we w h to spray !m4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i ?9k ! *ief b5efit ( ! discussion ( ! almond w\ld be to get m ( u to try x1 & ! fact t we h "o :i* is only "o week e>li] ?an ! ,elb]ta pea* 9 bloom+ %[s t we h a good *ance1 possibly1 ( ev5 exce$+ ! possibilities ( ! pea*es4 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,i notice a good _m almonds bloom ab\t ! same "t z ,elb]ta pea*es4 ,i h probably tw5ty-five trees ( ?is almond t ,mr4 ,re$ spoke (1 & ,i ?9k !y 7 9 bloom at ! "t ! pea*es 74 ,x is v productive1 j z he says4 ,i h notic$ "s ( ! old trees ar\nd 9 our neighborhood h borne good crops = sev]al ye>s1 & ,i don't notice mu* disease on !m ei!r4 ,,dr4 ,,/abl]3 ,i ask$ ! "q :e!r anybody kn[s :e!r ! almond is affect$ by pea* yell[s1 & nobody seems to "k1 b pea* yell[s is some?+ connect$ ) climate4 ,!re is a yell[s l9e t has rema9$ def9ite & di/9ct = ! la/ tw5ty-five ye>s1 & y c describe t l9e on ! map1 & x /ays "r :]e y put x4 ,all nor? ( t l9e ! pea* trees are affect$ by yell[s1 & s\? !y are n4 ,t l9e runs ?r\gh ,m\nt ,v]non & ,annapolis1 & across ,*esapeake ,bay to ,*e/]t[n4 ,n[1 bel[ t iso!rmal l9e !re is a little p59sula s\? ( ,*e/]t[n1 9 ,k5t c\nty1 a little p59sula !re--a little long neck t runs out into ! bay bel[ ,*e/]t[n--:]e !y h nev] _h any pea* yell[s1 & yet at ,*e/]t[n ! trees h always be5 affect$ by pea* yell[s1 & x is probable t x w be f\nd1 if ! almond is affect$ by pea* yell[s1 t ! same laws apply to x4 ,t is1 s\? !y w h ! yell[s1 & nor? !y w n4 ,n[1 at ,v9c5nes1 ,i suppose t !y are nor? ( ! yell[s l9e = pea*es4 ,d y\r pea* trees h pea* yell[s8 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,no1 sir4 ,,dr4 ,,/abl]3 ,p]haps y are nor? ( x1 !n4 ,if s1 ! almond hasn't be5 tri$ out z to yell[s4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,?is association is greatly indebt$ to ,dr4 ,morris1 :o help$ to get x toge!r1 = 8 indefatigable se>*+ ( ! corn]s ( ! e>? = specim5s1 species & v>ieties ( trees 9 8 ambition to get to 8 ,/am=d place all ( ! v>ieties ( nut-be>+ trees4 ,sev]al ( our memb]s h tak5 a little int]e/ 9 ! "q ( ! hazel-filb]t family4 ,dr4 ,morris has tak5 a lot ( int]e/4 ,la/ ye> he gave u a mo/ exhil>at+ pres5tation ( ! subject1 & he is ?is ye> go+ to give u "s brief notes on ! progress ( 8 k conc]n+ ! hazels & filb]ts4 ,dr4 ,morris4 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,j a ^w1 9 ord] to />t ! discussion4 ,i h tri$ to "w out dur+ ! pa/ ye> two or ?ree po9ts t came up = discussion la/ ye>4 ,i /at$ t 9 ,connecticut ! common ,am]ican hazel w\ld probably n become a horticultural proposition = ! reason t ! ma9 /ock seldom lives m ?an sev5 or eight ye>s1 & !n dies4 ,new /olons1 />t+ f ! root1 make abundant new /ocks4 ,9 t way1 dy+ at ! c5t]1 & gr[+ at ! p]iph]y1 l a r+ worm1 "o plant may ext5d s widely z to drive c[s out ( ! pa/ure lot4 7,laught]74 ,dr4 ,dem+ und]/ood me to say t x spread s rapidly z to drive ! c[s out ( a lot4 ,i said widely1 n rapidly4 7,laught]74 ,= t reason a plant ( our common hazel be>s a few nuts ab\t ! ?ird ye>2 x be>s a good crop ab\t ! f\r? ye> & sometimes 9 ! fif? ye>4 ,x !n beg9s to die & is gone by ! sev5? or eigh? ye>1 :ile new /olons1 com+ up on all sides1 are ready to p]petuate t rotation4 ,t1 at lea/1 is ord9>y hazel hi/ory 9 my "p ( ,connecticut4 ,s ,i d\bt if ?is species w ev] be a good horticultural proposition4 ,?is ye>1 = ! fir/ "t1 ,i h budd$ ! ,european hazel ^u our common /ock = ! purpose ( obs]v+ :e!r ! "* ( ! gue/ w *ange ! "* ( ! ho/4 ,n[ ano!r po9t4 ,_m ( ! ,european hazels t h be5 br\ght to ?is c\ntry1 ,i f9d1 d n be> = ! reason t !y fl[] s e>ly t ! /am9ate fl[]s are caught by fro/--n ! pi/illate4 ,! pi/illates w hold out aga9/ fro/ = a long "t & make good4 ,!re are two or ?ree ways = ov]com+ ?is difficulty4 ,we may select = cultivation ^? k9ds :i* bloom a week or two1 or ev5 ?ree weeks lat] ?an o!rs1 z 9 ! case ( ! ,bony ,bu% v>iety4 ,!re is h>dly any m valuable tree 9 ,c5tral ,europe ?an ! purple leaf$ hazel4 ,i nev] h se5 "o be>+ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,its /am9ate fl[]s come out too e>ly 9 ,connecticut4 ,i h n[ "s 9 :i* ,i h graft$ ! ,bony ,bu%1 :i* fl[]s s mu* lat] t ,i hope to h my purple hazels be>+ nuts at ,m]ribrooke4 ,on ! :ole1 mo/ ( ! po9ts h be5 simply confirmatory ( po9ts previ\sly consid]$4 ,we ne$ n fe> hazel blight because x is v easily controll$1 & _m ( ! ,european hazels w furni% an imm5sely valuable crop = almo/ all p>ts ( temp]ate ,am]ica4 ,we may develop1 by bre$+ & by cultivation1 types :i* w be h>dy1 :i* w give u l>ge1 valuable1 m>ketable crops1 & :i* w be desirable f ! m>ket man's po9t ( view4 ,,dr4 ,,/abl]3 ,c y get /ocks t are free f blight8 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,la/ ye> ,i %[$ specim5s ( blight4 ,! blight1 =tunately1 beg9s ^u a fairly l>ge /em--^u a "p ( ! /em t is 9 pla9 sight4 ,x takes f two to f\r ye>s = a pat* ( t blight to encircle a limb4 ,if "o w g ov] 8 hazel or*>d once a ye> &1 :]e a bit ( blight appe>s1 cut x out ) 8 jack-knife & lat] pa9t ! spot ) a little :ite pa9t1 "o c v readily control hazel blight4 ,x is s easily done t we ne$ n fe> x at all4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,dr4 ,ulman1 ,i believe1 is a hazel en?usia/4 ,,dr4 ,,ulman3 ,i h attempt$ to ga!r z mu* in=mation z ,i c\ld by seek+ out ! failures ) hazel because ,i _h f\nd no "o report+ success4 ,9 answ] to a l>ge numb] ( lett]s :i* ,i s5t out ,i receiv$ "s #bij replies :i* report$ failures ) ! ,european hazel4 ,dr4 ,morris tells u t blight c be readily controll$4 ,s f>1 t does n seem to be ! exp]i5ce ( o!rs1 b x is only fair to say t !y d n "k h[ to get rid ( x 9 ! way t ,dr4 ,morris has told u4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,dr4 ,ulman1 ,i %\ld l to ask if x is n true t ! hazels gr[+ at ,ro*e/] c\ld be add$ to y\r collection ( #bij & *ange ?is complexion a little bit4 ,c]ta9ly la/ ye> we saw hazel trees almo/ ! diamet] ( ?is room :i* appe>$ to be p]fectly heal?y4 ,,! ,,secret>y3 ,c we recomm5d ! hazel to be plant$ comm]cially8 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,if ! hazel propagates by und]gr\nd /olons automatically1 :y c we n take ! /olons & plant !m 9 ! places t ! trees h ab&on$1 lett+ !m run on else:]e8 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,9 reg>d to ,dr4 ,dem+'s "q1 gre5 ,european hazel nuts are n[ sell+ 9 ,new ,york1 out ( cold /orage1 at sev5ty-five c5ts a p\nd4 ,gre5 hazel nuts l gre5 almonds are priz$ by ! g\rmet4 ,all ( ! ,european hazels w ev5tually furni% a good comm]cial proposition provid$ t ! m>ket is l>ge en\gh1 & ! m>ket w probably gr[1 is gr[+ 9 fact4 ,ripe filb]ts br+1 approximately1 f t5 to fifte5 c5ts a p\nd4 ,! trees be> well1 & ,i don't "k ( any reason :y ! hazel proposition %\ld n be a fir/ rate "o "r n[4 ,! ?+ to d is to select k9ds :i* we "k are valuable "h4 ,"o may g ?r\gh ! se$l+ or*>ds at ,ro*e/] & select "o p>5t :i* be>s l>ge nuts prolifically1 & !n propagate any numb] ( ,european hazels f t "o /ock4 ,my ,bony ,bu% is probably a desirable hazel4 ,9 reg>d to ! "q ( bre$+ f /olons1 if we c keep t ?+ go+ x w\ld be all "r1 b x requires s mu* "w ,i d\bt if we %all d any?+ 9 t way ) ! ,am]ican hazel4 ,! ,european hazels don't travel by /olons4 ,t is ! advantage4 ,s ,i h giv5 up ! common ,am]ican hazel z a comm]cial proposition4 ,a numb] ( ,european & ,asiatic hazels w be comm]cially pr(itable1 unque/ionably1 j z soon z we c>e to develop !m4 ,,mr4 ,,web]3 ,:at d y "k ab\t ! hazels ( ! ,we/]n coa/8 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,v pr(itable 9 p>ts ( ,oregon & ,wa%+ton4 ,!y h a l>ge1 good crop1 :i* sells locally1 b1 l mo/ ,pacific ,coa/ fruits1 ! nuts lack flavor & quality4 ,!y h size & beauty1 b lack quality4 ,! fruits & nuts gr[n on ! ,pacific ,coa/ all lack a c]ta9 f95ess ( "*1 = "s reason yet unkn[n4 ,y h got to look aft] y\r ,european hazels1 & n neglect ! or*>d4 ,i rememb] see+ "s v beautiful apple trees 9 c5tral ,ma9e n v long ago--no blight--no codl+ mo?1 & ! trees free f almo/ ev]y?+ 9 ! way ( insects or fung\s tr\bles--beautiful1 cultivat$ trees1 & beautiful apples on !m4 ,i ask$ ano!r man1 "o ( my acqua9tances !re1 an old f>m]1 :y he didn't set out a lot ( simil> trees & make a good income4 ,he said1 ,well1 x won't g4 ,he _h a pa/ure ab\t eight miles nor? ( !re1 &1 said he1 ,i sp5t ?irty doll>s = apple trees to put into an or*>d1 & ,i _h great ideas ab\t ^? apples4 ,i set ! trees out 9 t or*>d ab\t ?ree or f\r ye>s ago1 & la/ ye> :5 ,i w5t up to look at !m1 !re 7 h>dly any apple trees left4 ,he hadn't look$ at !m = ?ree or f\r ye>s4 7,laught]47 ,y c't raise hazels t way4 ,,! ,,secret>y3 ,! reason ,i ask$ ab\t ! comm]cial value ( ! hazel is t my own exp]i5ce has be5 v unsatisfactory4 ,i got "s hazels f ,gillet1 on ! ,pacific ,coa/ six or sev5 ye>s ago1 set !m out ar\nd my place1 & !y h gr[n beautifully4 ,i hav5't be5 able to detect any blight on !m any:]e4 ,"s ( !m are fifte5 feet high1 h gr[n luxuriantly1 & blossom e ye>1 b ,i hav5't se5 "o nut yet4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! o!r day ,i visit$ a man ne> my home1 :o told me t he _h rais$ "s trees f nuts :i* he _h b\ght f an ,italian groc]y on ! corn]4 ,he gets ! nuts :5 ! crop fir/ comes 91 & /ratifies 9 wet s& all w9t]1 & he says !y all gr[4 ,he _h "s beautiful hazel trees4 ,"o ,i e/imat$ to be tw5ty feet high4 ,i nev] saw a hazel tree :i* approa*$ x4 ,he said x 0 only five or six ye>s old4 ,la/ ye> he _h a f9e crop ( nuts f x4 ,?is ye>1 h[ev]1 he said t dur+ a w>m spell 9 ! w9t] ! /am9ate bloom came out & 0 kill$1 & !re 7 no nuts on ! trees4 ,n[ x seems to me t !re is great unc]ta9ty ab\t ! hazels1 & ,i don't "k exactly :at to advise p to d4 ,p ask me = advice z to :at nuts to plant comm]cially4 ,i don't "k :e!r to advise !m to plant hazels or n1 & ,i don't "k :at v>ieties to advise p to plant4 ,i don't "k h[ to advise !m to ov]come ?is difficulty ( ! e>ly /am9ate bloom & ! w9t] kill+4 ,i c't n[ consci5ti\sly recomm5d p to plant hazel nuts comm]cially4 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,g to ,ro*e/] & get "s !re t bloom e ye> & t bloom lat]4 ,my ,bony ,bu% blossoms "s ?ree weeks lat] ?an ! o!rs1 ,i presume4 ,x is a bu% t be>s well e o!r ye>1 app>5tly4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,are !re any fur!r que/ions ab\t ?is l>ge family ( nut trees ( :i* we h b a small corn] ( k8 ,if n1 we may look to an adj\rnm5t4 ,fir/1 ,i wi% to ann\nce t ?is aft]noon we are go+ to devote to an excursion ar\nd ! city1 to see "s ( ! mo/ rem>kable ,p]sian walnut trees :i* ,i ?9k may be f\nd any:]e4 ,i am ask$ by ,pr(4 ,close to say t ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture has an exhibit ( nuts on ! f\r? floor at #bbj ,f\rte5? ,/reet1 ,s\?we/4 ,meet+ adj\rn$4 ,,friday1 ,,septemb] #h,,?1 #b ,p4 ,m4 ,meet+ call$ to ord] by ! ,presid5t4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,dr4 ,metcalf1 ,*ief ( ! ,bureau ( ,=e/ ,pa?ology1 ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 has be5 9 *>ge ( ! inve/igations conc]n+ ! *e/nut blight = a numb] ( ye>s4 ,,dr4 ,,hav5 ,,metcalf3 ,mr4 ,*airman & ,memb]s ( ! ,society3 ,i w pres5t1 fir/1 a few g5]al facts reg>d+ ! pres5t /atus ( ! *e/nut b>k disease1 &1 = ! great] "p ( ! in=mation y desire1 ,i w rely on y to ask me que/ions4 ,! *e/nut b>k disease is gett+ to be an old /ory1 b t plant hyph5ate1 t objectionable import$ disease1 is m ( a live issue today ?an x ev] has be5 be=e4 ,all my att5tion dur+ rec5t mon?s has be5 tak5 up ) ano!r import$ plant disease1 ! :ite p9e bli/] ru/1 ( :i* y h he>d1 & :i* does n conc]n ! special subject matt] 9 :i* ?is ,association is int]e/$1 unless1 p]haps1 y may be int]e/$ 9 ! p9on nut z ! p9on p9e may ultimately be subject to attack by bli/] ru/4 ,h[ev]1 ?is disease1 l ! *e/nut blight1 is an example ( :at a relatively h>mless1 or at lea/1 n s]i\s disease 9 a =eign c\ntry c d :5 x is p]mitt$ to get into ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is br+s u to ! "q ( ! orig9 ( ! *e/nut b>k disease1 :i*1 al?\gh ! /ory has be5 told _m times be=e1 has be5 ! subject ( s mu* dispute t ,i probably _h bett] recapitulate t matt]4 ,x has be5 prov$ beyond "q t ! *e/nut b>k disease is a native ( ea/]n ,asia1 ,*9a1 ,japan & ,korea2 t x 0 introduc$ into ?is c\ntry 9 ! '#ij's1 ^u diseas$ *e/nut nurs]y /ock4 ,x 0 n critically obs]v$ until #aijd1 b ! condition ( trees :i* 7 obs]v$ at t "t %[s conclusively 7provid$ ! disease progress$ 9 ^? e>ly ye>s z x has s9ce7 t x 0 introduc$ into ! c\ntry z e>ly z ! late #ij's4 ,! f9al demon/ration ( ! fact t ! disease is a =eign disease & a native ( ,asia we owe to ,mr4 ,frank ,mey]1 ( ! ,(fice ( ,se$ & ,plant ,introduction1 ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture4 ,mr4 ,mey]'s obs]vations are s int]e/+ t ,i w pass ar\nd a few pictures illu/rative ( 8 obs]vations 9 ,*9a1 ! fir/ picture %[+ ! c\ntry t is ! home ( ! *e/nut b>k disease4 ,! second picture %[s a *e/nut or*>d 9 ,*9a :]e ! trees h1 ) *>act]i/ic ?rift1 be5 plant$ ar\nd human burial m\nds4 ,! rema9+ pictures %[ h[ ! *e/nut blight acts 9 ,*9a--v diff]5tly f ! way x acts 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,9 ,*9a1 x produces1 z ! pictures %[1 def9ite cank]s1 :i* d n girdle ! tree1 :i* kill "y trees occasionally1 mutilate old trees1 kill bran*es1 b ! cank]s d n girdle ! trees4 ,t disease has be5 kn[n 9 ,*9a we h no idea h[ _m ye>s1 &1 :ile x does a c]ta9 am\nt ( h>m1 is said by ,mr4 ,mey] n to be really s]i\s 9 ,*9a4 ,y c readily see1 ^u exam9+ ^! pictures1 t !re is a %>p contra/ 9 ! behavior ( ! disease z obs]v$ 9 ,*9a & its behavior z obs]v$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 :]e x w girdle a comp>atively l>ge tree & ! fungus spread all ?r\gh ! b>k1 completely cov]+ x1 & do+ t 9 a v %ort "t4 ,( c\rse1 !n1 ! *e/nut blight is "o ( ^? cases ( :i* we h s _m1 :]e a disease1 pass+ to a new c\ntry1 f9ds new surr\nd+s1 ho/s m favorable to its developm5t1 & progresses rapidly4 ,! natural range ( ! *e/nut b>k disease at ! pres5t "t--t is1 ,i mean1 its range on ! native *e/nut & ! range ?r\gh :i* x is n[ spread+ by non-human ag5cies1 is1 on ! nor?1 practically co-ext5sive ) ! range ( ! native *e/nut4 ,! disease is f\nd 9 ,ma9e1 ,new ,hamp%ire1 ,v]mont1 z f> s\? z ,virg9ia1 & z f> we/ z we/]n ,p5nsylvania & ea/]n ,we/ ,virg9ia4 ,?r\gh\t ?is area x is spread+ by :at ,i may call natural means1 & ! disease has be5 %[n to be unusually well provid$ ) means ( dissem9ation4 ,i w speak a little lat] ab\t ! spread ( ! disease outside ( ?is area--t is1 we/ & s\?1 s9ce 9 ! ,we/ & 9 ! ,s\? x is be+ spread1 z f> z we "k1 exclusively by human ag5cies4 ,! "q is (t5 ask$ me1 ,:at is ! future ( ! *e/nut--t is1 ! native *e/nut--9 ?is c\ntry8 ,:at is ! c\rse ( ! disease go+ to be8 ,! only way 9 :i* we c answ] t is to look 9 ! p>ts ( ! c\ntry :]e ! disease has be5 pres5t longe/--,long ,isl&1 = example2 ,we/*e/] c\nty1 ,new ,york2 ,b]g5 c\nty1 ,new ,j]sey2 ,fairfield c\nty1 ,conn4 ,^u a rec5t exam9ation ( ^? areas ,i f\nd no *e/nut trees surviv+ 9 a heal?y condition4 ,we h1 ( c\rse1 f ! beg9n+1 hunt$1 & hunt$ h>d1 to f9d individual *e/nut trees t might be immune to ! disease--native ,am]ican *e/nuts4 ,we expect$ to f9d su* trees1 b up to date we h n f\nd !m4 ,x is a v extraord9>y fact & an almo/ unp>allel$ fact1 because ) ! majority ( plants affect$1 by any giv5 disease1 we c f9d "s individuals t are n only resi/ant1 b immune4 ,n[1 9 ^! old areas1 p>ticul>ly on ,long ,isl&1 9 #aijg1 :5 ! disease fir/ came "u my obs]vation1 ,i m>k$ c]ta9 trees 9 ord] to obs]ve h[ long ! /umps ( ^! trees or ! dead trees w\ld cont9ue to s5d up spr\ts f ! gr\nd4 ,x is an int]e/+ fact t "s ( ^? trees :i* 7 dead 9 #aijg are /ill putt+ up spr\ts4 ,! spr\t+ capacity ( ! *e/nut tree is inde$ m>vel\s1 b ,i am sorry to say t ,i hav5't be5 able to f9d any heal?y spr\ts ov] ?ree ye>s old4 ,i hav5't be5 able to f9d any liv+ spr\ts m ?an f\r ye>s old4 ,! disease seems to be foll[+ up ! spr\ts z x foll[$ up ! orig9al /em4 ,"r !re1 9 ! behavior ( ! disease t[>d ! spr\ts1 we h an int]e/+ fact4 ,dur+ ! fir/ ye> ( its life ! *e/nut tree or ! *e/nut spr\t is immune to ?is disease1 or practically s4 ,y c r>ely f9d a se$l+ or spr\t ( ! fir/ ye> t is attack$ by ! disease1 & ev5 9 ! second or ?ird ye>s a comp>atively small p] c5t ( !m are attack$4 ,x is ?us possible to produce *e/nut nurs]y /ock t = sev]al ye>s does n %[ ! disease4 ,s f> z ,i c see1 ! *e/nut blight is n /opp+ naturally 9 its c\rse any:]e4 ,i _c get a p>ticle ( reliable evid5ce t x is4 ,9 ?is "p ( ! c\ntry & to ! s\? ( "h1 9 ,virg9ia1 = example1 ! p>asite has m mon?s 9 ! ye> dur+ :i* x c gr[1 x appe>s to be utiliz+ t "t 9 spread+ m rapidly1 at lea/ kill+ trees m quickly1 ?an to ! nor? ( ?is area4 ,f ! /&po9t ( ! gr[] ( nuts1 ! important "q is1 ( c\rse1 :e!r ! disease c be controll$4 ,i ?9k y\r ,secret>y1 9 a rec5t article1 summ$ ! situation up z cle>ly & briefly z c be done4 ,he said1 9 an article entitl$ ,! ,progress ( ,nut ,culture 9 ! ,ea/3 ,( ! *e/nut we h excell5t v>ieties su* z ! ,ro*e/]1 ,boone & ,p>agon1 b all developm5t 9 ! culture ( ?is nut is be+ held up by ! blight4 ,ev]ybody is await+ ! results ( ! gov]nm5t "w 9 bre$+ immune hybrids4 ,!re may be great opportunities1 nev]!less1 9 *e/nut gr[+ outside its native area1 :]e ! blight c be controll$4 ,!re is no d\bt t 9 an or*>d tree1 9 *e/nut or*>ds1 ! disease c be controll$ )9 reason by ! cutt+ out me?od t has long be5 advocat$1 b ! po9t is t ! m>g9 ( pr(it on ! *e/nut is n suffici5t to make t me?od pay1 & :5ev] memb]s ( ?is ,association or o!rs int]e/$ 9 ! propagation ( *e/nuts h writt5 to me = advice ,i h simply advis$ !m n to plant *e/nuts at pres5t4 ,i _c see at ! pres5t "t1 t any attempt at control is pr(itable4 ,t is a v diff]5t ?+ f say+ t x c n be done1 or t x may n lat] become pr(itable4 ,a few words reg>d+ ! me?od ( spread ( ! disease4 ,9 #aijh1 :5 ! (fice ( :i* ,i h *>ge 0 fir/ organiz$1 ,pr(essor ,coll9s1 :o has address$ ?is ,association a numb] ( times reg>d+ ?is disease1 visit$ a numb] ( or*>ds & nurs]ies 9 ! ,ea/]n ,/ates1 go+ z f> z s\!rn ,virg9ia to ! s\?1 & we/ z f> z ,york c\nty1 ,p5nsylvania1 ,al?\gh t 0 comp>atively e>ly 9 ! progress ( ! disease1 :]ev] he w5t1 )\t exception1 :]e !re 0 a nurs]y1 he f\nd ! disease pres5t & spread+ onto ! native trees4 ,!re 71 h[ev]1 sev]al e/abli%$ or*>ds :i* he visit$ :]e t 0 n ! case1 :]e ! disease 0 n pres5t4 ,x has be5 br\ght out repeat$ly t1 :ile ! *e/nut blight is m>vel\sly adapt$ to spread by natural means--w9d1 birds1 insects1 ra91 all ! ways 9 :i* a plant disease ord9>ily spreads--! way 9 :i* x spreads ov] great areas & ?r\gh great di/ances is on *e/nut nurs]y /ock4 ,9 t connection1 !n1 ,i may briefly discuss ! pres5t range ( ! disease s f> z we "k x1 outside ( ! natural range ( ! *e/nut tree4 ,s\? ( ,virg9ia1 s f> z we "k1 ! disease is pres5t at only "o po9t 7,gre5sboro1 ,n4 ,c471 :]e x 0 introduc$ 9 a nurs]y & spread to native trees4 ,9 /at+ ?is area ( di/ribution1 ,i ought to say t = ab\t a ye> & a half we h made no special ef=t to det]m9e ! range ( ?is disease4 ,i mean we h n gone out ( our way to d x4 ,we h simply collect$ su* evid5ce z has come to h& casually1 & s x may be t !re are n[ o!r po9ts ( infection 9 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 or s\? ( !re1 b1 if s1 we d n "k ( !m4 ,9 ,ohio1 ! disease is pres5t at ?ree po9ts1 ( :i* "o is a l>ge & s]i\s infection at ,pa9esville4 ,9 ,i[a1 x is pres5t at "o po9t1 ,%5&oah1 9 a nurs]y4 ,9 ,indiana1 x is pres5t at five po9ts2 9 ,nebraska1 at two po9ts4 ,9 ,mi*igan1 "o po9t has be5 report$4 ,9 all ( ^! cases x is 9 nurs]ies1 or on v rec5tly plant$ trees4 ,!re is1 or 01 an int]e/+ po9t ( infection 9 ,briti% ,columbia4 ,probably ! trees !re are all dead by ?is "t1 b t po9t is v int]e/+ z be+ probably an indep5d5t importation f ! ,ori5t4 ,!re ne$s to be little said z to h[ ! disease is spread+ 9 ?is area4 ,p]haps ! be/ ?+ ,i c d is to read "s lett]s t h come to my att5tion3 ,,mi*igan ,,agricultural ,,college1 ,,ea/ ,,lans+1 ,aug4 #ah1 #aiaf4 ,dr4 ,hav5 ,metcalf1 ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,de> ,mr4 ,metcalf3 ,la/ ,decemb]1 ! ,=e/ry ,dep>tm5t ( ?is ,college ord]$ ( ,gl5 ,bros41 ,gl5wood ,nurs]ies1 ,ro*e/]1 ,new ,york1 five #f-;foot trees ( ! ,sob] ,p>agon *e/nut4 ,^! 7 %ipp$ to !m ,april #d? & 7 almo/ imm$iately plant$ 9 ! ,=e/ry ,nurs]y "h4 ,ab\t six or eight weeks ago1 ! ,=e/ry ,dep>tm5t notic$ t ^! trees 7 dy+ & call$ our att5tion to ?is matt] ab\t f\r weeks ago4 ,i exam9$ ! trees 9 company ) ,mr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,muncie1 "o ( our assi/ants1 & f\nd all ! ext]nal appe>ances ( ,*e/nut ,blight )1 h[ev]1 only a v few imp]fectly develop$ pycnidia4 ,we br\ght pieces ( ! b>k ( ^! trees into ! laboratory & made cultures & obta9$ ! typical mycelium ( *e/nut blight4 ,! trees h be5 remov$ & we n[ h !m 9 our laboratory4 ,i am call+ ?is to y\r att5tion z ! trees 7 d\btless infect$ :5 %ipp$4 ,i feel t y ought to "k t ?is firm is s5d+ out diseas$ trees4 ,v truly y\rs1 7,sign$17 ,,erne/ ,a4 ,,bessey1 ,pr(essor ( ,botany4 ,! foll[+ is an extract f a lett] f ,frank ,n4 ,wallace1 ,/ate ,entomologi/ ( ,indiana1 dat$ ,july #ac1 #aiaf3 ,my ,de> ,sir3 ,"u sep>ate cov] ,i am s5d+ y "s samples ( *e/nut blight :i* ,i secur$ f "s trees %ipp$ by ,mr4 ,c4 ,k4 ,sob]1 ,lewisburg1 ,pa4 ,mr4 ,sob] d\bts t we h ev5 se5 a case ( *e/nut blight & want$ "s samples & ,i s5t him ! o!r half ( ! samples :i* ,i am s5d+ y4 ,i h be5 try+ to *eck up on "s ( ,mr4 ,sob]'s trees & s f> ,i h f\nd ne>ly fifty p] c5t ( !m h di$ f *e/nut blight disease4 ,! samples s5t ) ?is lett] %[$ typical *e/nut blight4 ,"s mon?s ago ,dr4 ,w4 ,h4 ,long1 ( ,albuqu]que1 ,new ,mexico1 became int]e/$ 9 ! possibility ( gr[+ *e/nuts 9 t c\ntry & communicat$ ) ,gl5 ,bro!rs1 ( ,ro*e/]1 ,n4 ,y41 to secure c]ta9 in=mation reg>d+ !m4 ,he secur$ ! in=mation he want$ & also "s t 0 slightly gratuit\s4 ,i w read extracts f ! two lett]s3 ,9 reg>d to ! blight1 :i* y call ! ,ea/]n ,*e/nut ,cank]1 w\ld say t ?is tree is practically immune f ?is disease1 & y w\ld /& no m *ance ( hav+ y\r *e/nut trees infect$ ) ! blight %\ld y plant !m1 ?an y w\ld if y plant$ apple trees1 ( hav+ !m infect$ ) ! ,san ,jose ,scale or pea* trees1 ( ! ,pea* ,blight4 ,!re are ov] half a million trees at ! fam\s ,sob] or*>d 9 ,pax9os1 ,pa41 none ( :i* h ! blight1 & yet ! blight rages all ar\nd !m 9 ! ,am]ican ,sweet ,*e/nut groves t are all ?r\gh ! m\nta94 ,fur!r evid5ce ( its immunity f ?is disease we _c gu>antee4 ,we ?9k ?is speaks = itself4 ,we believe t if y w\ld inve/igate ?is v>iety t y w\ld plant an or*>d ( ,sob] ,p>agon ,*e/nut trees1 ev5 if n a v l>ge "o4 ,we %\ld l v mu*1 inde$1 to s]ve y & %all give our p]sonal att5tion to ! selection & %ipm5t ( su* trees z y may require4 ,v truly y\rs1 ,,gl5 ,,bros41 ,,inc4 ,,gm-,,ab 7s7 ,,john ,g4 ,,mayo4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,w\ld y m9d giv+ u ! date ( t la/ lett]8 ,,dr4 ,,metcalf3 ,t is ,octob] #bj1 #aiae4 ,! o!r lett] sign$ by ,mr4 ,mayo is z foll[s1 & is dat$ ,oct4 #bi1 #aiae3 ,reply+ to y\r ,octob] #be? lett] we d n ?9k t y or y\r fri5d ne$ h ! lea/ anxiety on acc\nt ( ! *e/nut blight rea*+ y\r section4 ,?is disease seems to be conf9$ to a v small area 9 nor!a/]n ,new ,j]sey1 s\!a/]n ,new ,york1 & s\?we/]n ,connecticut4 ,! disease has be5 9 exi/5ce 9 ?is c\ntry s9ce #ahdb1 x has made v little progress1 & ! highe/ au?orities n[ /ate t x seems to be on ! wane4 7,laught]47 99 99 99 99 99 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,d ! exp]im5ts ( ! ,dep>tm5t %[ any possibility ( control ( ! disease8 ,,dr4 ,,metcalf3 ,i don't ?9k t !re are any me?ods ( control :i* c pr(itably be appli$ to or*>d trees "u pres5t comm]cial conditions4 ,if a man has a few or*>d trees :i* he reg>ds z novelties & to :i* he is prep>$ to give v c>eful att5tion1 ,i ?9k ! disease c be controll$4 ,s f> z ,i c see1 ! only hope ( comm]cial control lies 9 none ( ! pres5t v>ieties1 b 9 ,dr4 ,van ,fleet's hybrids1 possibly 9 ! ,*9ese *e/nut1 &1 aside f ! objectionable qualities ( ! ,japanese nut 9 c]ta9 /ra9s ( ,japanese4 ,) ! rapid )drawal ( ! wild *e/nuts f ! m>ket1 h[ev]1 ! price ( *e/nuts may rise1 & control me?ods 9 or*>ds become practicable4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,mr4 ,mc,coy has be5 9 ,p5nsylvania & has come back ) ! v optimi/ic idea t ! *e/nut blight 0 "u control up !re4 ,i took him out on my f>m 9 ,m>yl& & %[$ him my trees1 & t ! only ?+ t c\ld de/roy ! trees fa/] ?an ! blight is a =e/ fire4 ,,dr4 ,,metcalf3 ,exactly4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i believe1 ,dr4 ,metcalf1 y conduct$ a s]ies ( spray+ exp]im5ts rec5tly1 & ,i und]/& t o!rs h done ! same ?+4 ,mr4 ,p4 ,a4 ,dupont1 ,i believe1 on 8 f9e e/ate ne> ,wilm+ton1 tri$ to spray a few *e/nut trees ) ,bordeaux mixture1 & ,i und]/& he gave x up z a physical failure1 to say no?+ ( ! co/4 ,am ,i "r ab\t t8 ,,dr4 ,,metcalf3 ,t is my und]/&+1 t he 0 deal+ ) l>ge trees & fail$4 ,a ,,memb]3 ,well1 did y succe$ ) small ones8 ,,dr4 ,,metcalf3 ,9 ! l9e ( spray+8 ,t is a long /ory1 & ,i sugge/ t ,mr4 ,hunt answ] t4 ,,mr4 ,,hunt3 ,9 ! spray+ "w conduct$ on ,dr4 ,smi?'s place at ,bluemont1 ,va41 we _h #bejj numb]$ trees "u obs]vation2 ab\t #aejj ( !m be+ spray$4 ,equal numb]s ( trees 7 spray$ ) ,bordeaux & ) lime-sulphur4 ,! numb] ( spray+s giv5 diff]5t lots ( trees v>i$1 b ev5 trees spray$ z (t5 z e fifte5 days blight$ 9 a numb] ( in/ances4 ,:ile ,i did n get a greatly r$uc$ p]c5tage ( blight 7approximately #ej p] c5t7 among ! spray$ trees tak5 z a :ole1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 individual plots seem$ to dep5d r on location 9 ! or*>d1 z "s blocks ( unspray$ trees %[$ practically no blight & "s blocks ( spray$ trees %[$ consid]able blight4 ,i might say t ! graft$ trees did n blight ne>ly s heavily z ! ungraft$ trees4 ,s f> z any real success is conc]n$ !re 0 none4 ,x w\ld co/ ov] "o hundr$ doll>s p] acre p] ye> to spray z (t5 z "s ( ! trees 7 spray$1 & x w\ldn't control ! blight4 ,s ,i w\ldn't consid] x at all practicable4 ,,! ,,secret>y3 ,:at is ! reason t ! graft$ trees blight$ less ?an ! ungraft$8 ,,mr4 ,,hunt3 ,well1 ,i w\ldn't pret5d to say z to t1 except t x is s4 ,i _h ea* tree numb]$ & kept an individual record ( all ! trees1 & ,i f\nd--,i h =gott5 ! exact figures--b !re 0 ab\t ?ree-fif?s z mu* blight among ! graft$ trees z among ! ungraft$ trees4 ,( c\rse1 !y are an import$ v>iety1 ,i believe1 & x may be t on t acc\nt !y may h develop$ "s resi/ance4 ,b ,mr4 ,van ,fleet may "k m ab\t t4 ,,dr4 ,,metcalf3 ,!re seems to be "s evid5ce t ! import$ ,european v>ieties h a slight degree ( resi/ance1 n en\gh to c\nt1 b en\gh to %[ 9 t fraction t ,mr4 ,hunt gave4 ,,! ,,secret>y3 ,x is only a v>ietal condition1 !n1 n f ! fact ( graft+1 b simply because ( a diff]5t v>iety8 ,,mr4 ,,hunt3 ,oh1 yes1 ,i ?9k s4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 9 view ( ?is in=mation ab\t ! *e/nut1 is !re ! slighte/ use 9 ! _w = ?is ,association to enc\rage anybody to plant *e/nuts any:]e 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates8 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,dr4 ,kell]man is "h1 & ,i wi% to ref] to him ,mr4 ,littlepage's "q ) a slight addition4 ,is !re1 fir/1 any prospect ( any place /ay+ immune8 ,second1 w\ld x n be to ! advantage ( ! c\ntry if ! sale ( *e/nut /ock 7 /opp$8 ,,dr4 ,,k>l ,f4 ,,kell]man3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 to answ] ^? que/ions involves a r l>ge contract on my "p4 7,laught]74 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! problem ( gr[+ & m>ket+ *e/nuts1 ,i ?9k1 is "o t ,i c\ld h>dly be expect$ fairly to discuss4 ,i am "h r to expla9 ! attitude & action ( ! ,f$]al ,horticultural ,bo>d ?an to try to give any con/ructive advice to ! nut gr[]s4 ,! ,f$]al ,horticultural ,bo>d is a bo>d ( five m5 to advise ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture 9 e/abli%+ plant qu>ant9es1 ei!r on ! introduction ( plant mat]ial into ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or on ! movem5t ( plant mat]ial inside ! ,unit$ ,/ates )9 ! qu>ant9$ areas4 ,! ,horticultural ,bo>d1 !re=e1 has to deal m ) actual conditions ?an ) outl9+ su* policies z y\r *airman has ask$ me to outl9e4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,excuse me1 ,dr4 ,kell]man1 b we wi% to "k if !re is1 9 y\r op9ion1 any prospect ( any region rema9+ immune8 ,,dr4 ,,kell]man3 ,well1 ev5 t is go+ r fur!r ?an ,i w\ld l to g1 & yet ! negative answ] to t "q is practically ! basis on :i* ! ,f$]al ,horticultural ,bo>d decid$ t x 0 impracticable to qu>ant9e infect$ areas at ! pres5t "t4 ,! evid5ce at h& appe>s to indicate conclusively t if ! trees t are to be gr[n are di/9ctly susceptible to ! disease !y w almo/ c]ta9ly h an opportunity to become infect$1 no matt] :at "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates !y may be gr[n 94 ,n[1 :e!r t infection w\ld be a matt] ( a few mon?s1 or a few ye>s1 or a few decades1 ( c\rse1 w\ld be altoge!r a matt] ( *ance1 b1 ) ! wide di/ribution ( nurs]y /ock t is infect$1 ) native *e/nuts r g5]ally infect$ & cont9u+ to be infect$1 & ) practically no *ance ( prev5t+ ! cont9uation ( ! disease 9 ! native *e/nuts1 abundant s\rces = infection ( susceptible mat]ial appe> to exi/4 ,= t reason1 x appe>s to be1 f an economic /&po9t1 inadvisable to attempt to *eck ! disease ?r\gh ! e/abli%m5t ( qu>ant9es4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,dr4 ,kell]man1 y h answ]$ my fir/ "q to p]fection1 & n[ ,i want to ask ! second "o4 ,if ?is blight is practically a sure-kill1 isn't x wrong to p]mit p to sp5d money 9 ! hope t1 9 "s way1 !y are go+ to escape x8 ,& if t is ! case1 :y %\ldn't ! :ole traffic 9 *e/nut trees be /opp$1 ) ! possible exception ( exp]im5tal ?+s1 :i* might be all[$ ) ! direct p]mission ( "s gov]nm5tal bo>d8 ,,dr4 ,,kell]man3 ,t is a "q t is v mu* h>d] to answ]4 ,!re might be favor$ regions :]e or*>d culture ( ! *e/nut c\ld g on = a consid]able t]m ( ye>s be=e infections became g5]al & be=e ! indu/ry w\ld be /ifl$ because ( ?is disease4 ,t is m]ely a matt] ( conjecture1 z ,i see x4 ,we h s little evid5ce z to ! spe$ ) :i* a pay+ or*>d bus9ess c be develop$ 9 a new locality1 s little evid5ce z to h[ ! disease may act "u widely sep>at$ climatic conditions1 t ,i don't feel t we are prep>$ to say def9itely t ! indu/ry is b\nd to fail 9 e place :]e x is tri$4 ,p]sonally1 ,i ?9k t x ought to be consid]$ only on an exp]im5tal basis1 b t repres5ts m]ely my p]sonal op9ion1 & ,i d\bt :e!r !re is any effective means = e/abli%+ a policy ( t sort4 ,x might be possible = ! g5]al advice to be giv5 t !re 0 dang] 9 any or*>d plant+ ( *e/nuts1 no matt] :]e x might be und]tak51 & ( a comp>atively rapid loss ?r\gh ! *e/nut blight4 ,i d\bt :e!r m ?an t w\ld be feasible4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i h be5 en?usia/ic ov] ! *e/nut = tw5ty ye>s ?is season1 & ^! are matt]s 9 :i* ,i am greatly int]e/$4 ,z ,i see x1 ! problem is "o t is really mu* bigg] ?an ! *e/nut4 ,! :ole field ( nut gr[+1 :i* is n[ on ! edge ( great accompli%m5ts1 is likely to be s]i\sly injur$1 because ! mo/ conspicu\s ?+ 9 nut gr[+ is ! tak+ adv]tisem5t ( ! firm ^: bad trees h be5 ref]r$ to by ,dr4 ,metcalf4 ,i ?9k we d n appreciate ! s]i\sness ( ! situation4 ,! firm ,dr4 ,metcalf ref]r$ to is sell+ trees t are diseas$ 9 places :]e !y are sure to die quickly4 ,o!r m5 are simil>ly sell+ trees1 ) less skillful adv]tis+1 p]haps1 b probably no less diseas$4 ,mo/ ( ^! nurs]ym5 may be hone/ 9 _! belief t !y are putt+ out /ock t is n diseas$4 ,b 9 ! infant trees x is almo/ impossible to detect ! blight1 s t ! tree goes out look+ l a p]fectly good "o4 ,x may be two or ?ree seasons be=e x dies4 ,n[1 ! economic aspects are ^!3 ,:o %\ld /& ! loss1 ! man 9 ! nurs]y or ! man 9 ! or*>d8 ,x is a toss-up1 x seems to me at pres5t1 ) ! results app>5tly 9 favor ( ! nurs]yman r ?an 9 favor ( ! citiz54 ,! p :o h an int]e/ 9 nut gr[+ are go+ to h t int]e/ less5$ or de/roy$ by beg9n+ ) a bad k9d ( tree4 ,!re are possibilities ( a great national injury1 z ,i see x1 if we let ?is ?+ g on4 ,,dr4 ,,kell]man3 ,well1 z a con/ructive policy = aid+ 9 ! e/abli%m5t ( nut culture1 ,i ?9k y\r policy is s\nd1 b z a "q ( economics ( op]ation1 ,i d\bt :e!r any plan ( t sort c be e/abli%$1 beyond ! plan ( m]ely giv+ ! g5]al advice t su* plant+ is att5d$ ) v grave risks4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,h y n au?ority1 or does n au?ority exi/1 to prohibit %ipm5t8 ,,dr4 ,,kell]man3 ,! plant qu>ant9e act gives ! ,dep>tm5t au?ority to qu>ant9e infect$ areas & to place c]ta9 re/rictions on %ipm5ts4 ,to place any su* re/riction1 h[ev]1 x mu/ be pla9ly e/abli%$ t b5eficial results are go+ to result1 n to a p>ticul> indu/ry necess>ily1 b to ! g5]al public4 ,! difficulty 9 e/abli%+ a qu>ant9e on ! %ipm5t ( nurs]y /ock is ! app>5t impossibility ( say+ t t is go+ to /op ! spread ( ! disease4 ,t is "o "q4 ,! o!r problem is ! difficulty ( det]m9+ :at is infect$ t]ritory & :at is n4 ,we h v s]i\s difficulty 9 mak+ regulations1 except+ z betwe5 def9itely infect$ t]ritory & def9itely clean t]ritory4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,& y don't h ! au?ority to make a sweep+1 blanket prohibition ( ! %ipm5t ( a c]ta9 ?+8 ,,dr4 ,,kell]man3 ,no1 we hav5't t au?ority4 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,we put a clause 9 ! pr9t$ matt] t goes out ) all ( our %ipm5ts say+ t *e/nuts are subject to blight1 & t we don't recomm5d _! plant+4 ,i ?9k if nurs]ym5 all foll[$ t pr9ciple ev]ybody w\ld buy ) _! eyes op54 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i am sorry y are s lonely 9 ! bus9ess4 7,laught]47 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,z reg>ds ! possibility1 or ! impossibility1 ( do+ any good to ! *e/nut indu/ry by qu>ant9+ x1 ,i fully agree ) ,dr4 ,kell]man4 ,i ?9k any attempt ( ! ,bo>d to qu>ant9e1 s f> z b5efit to ! prospective *e/nut gr[] is conc]n$1 is p]fectly useless4 ,,dr4 ,,rob]t ,t4 ,,morris3 ,x seems to me x may be resolv$ into a v simple proposition4 ,n[1 *e/nuts may be rais$ 9 or*>d =m if we spray ) ,bordeaux mixture1 & cut out blight :5 x appe>s4 ,i d x4 ,!y live4 ,^? t are n spray$ die1 unless giv5 tiresome att5tion4 ,t settles t "q = my "p4 ,*e/nuts may n be rais$ 9 =e/ =m because x does n pay to spray & cut to t ext5t4 ,b *e/nuts may be rais$ pr(itably 9 or*>d =m by p :o are will+ to take ! tr\ble to spray !m1 & to cut out blight e>ly4 ,x seems to me t p %\ld be prop]ly w>n$ t !y may plant *e/nuts 9 or*>d =m provid$ !y are will+ to look aft] !m1 o!rwise we ought to gu>d aga9/ ! public buy+ *e/nut trees1 unw>n$4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,dr4 ,morris1 7 y 9 :5 ,mr4 ,hunt made 8 /atem5t8 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,i got 9 late4 ,,mr4 ,,hunt3 ,i spray$ fifte5 times1 e two or ?ree days dur+ ! blossom+ season4 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,i us$ ars5ate ( lead ) my ,bordeaux mixture = ! reason t x is conv5i5t4 ,t makes x /ick ev] s mu* tight]4 ,n[1 t may be a feature ( my confid5ce4 ,?ree or f\r heavy /orms w n wa% (f my ,bordeaux mix$1 appli$ 9 t way1 ) ars5ate ( lead4 ,,mr4 ,,hunt3 ,well1 my trees are dy+ "r along4 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,i am "r 9 ! mid/ ( ! wor/ *e/nut blight conditions4 ,! only k9ds ,i h t are n blight$ are spray$ trees1 & *e/nuts ( k9d t resi/ ! blight4 ,i _h tw5ty-six k9ds f diff]5t p>ts ( ! _w to te/ out 9 ! blight "q4 ,"o k9d f ,man*uria is v blight-resi/ant4 ,i f9d t our ,am]ican *9quap91 bo? our ea/]n =m & ! we/]n tree =m are bo? blight-resi/ant4 ,also ! ald]-leaf *e/nut4 ,t is my exp]i5ce4 ,^? f\r *e/nuts are practically immune1 & on my prop]ty ,am]ican *e/nuts dy+ all ar\nd !m4 ,i h "o p>ticul> v>iety ( ,am]ican *e/nut t ,i ?9k a great deal (4 ,x 0 "o ( ! fir/ trees to g d[n f ! blight4 ,/ump spr\ts f ?is tree ,i h graft$ on o!r /ocks1 on ! common ,am]ican1 & rec5tly on *9quap94 ,! spray$ ones are all alive2 ! unspray$ ones are n alive4 ,n[1 t is a matt] ( locality1 p]haps4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,dr4 ,morris1 ,i detect a possible explanation = diff]5ce ( results4 ,mr4 ,hunt's trees 7 sixte5 or sev5te5 ye>s old4 ,dr4 ,metcalf tells u1 h[ev]1 t "y trees are relatively immune4 ,h[ old are y\rs8 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,n ov] twelve ye>s4 ,no grafts on !m ov] f\r ye>s4 ,t w\ld make a diff]5ce4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,well1 ,mr4 ,hunt did a good job ( spray+4 ,i saw 8 trees1 & !y 7 saturat$4 ,,mr4 ,,web]3 ,d !y ev] use a /ick] 9 ! ,bordeaux8 ,a ,,memb]3 ,:at prep>ation ( ,bordeaux mixture d y use1 ,dr4 ,morris8 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,i use a comm]cial prep>ation call$ ,pyrox4 ,,mr4 ,,c>l ,j4 ,,poll3 ,w ! *e/nut blight attack any o!r trees besides ! *e/nut8 ,,dr4 ,,metcalf3 ,outside ( ! *e/nut g5us1 t is1 ! g5us ,ca/anea1 ! disease goes on to a few o!r trees4 ,a curi\s fact is t x w g on to ! sweet gum1 a tree n relat$ at all1 & x w g on to a few oaks1 9 no case en\gh to s]i\sly damage !m z x does ! *e/nuts1 b en\gh s t ^? trees c easily be c>ri]s ( ! disease4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i ?9k we might pass f ?is fun]al4 ,we h a pap] by ,dr4 ,van ,fleet1 ^: "w1 ,i suppose1 is kn[n to ev]ybody "h4 ,! pap] has be5 prep>$ by ,dr4 ,van ,fleet & w be read by ! ,secret>y4 ,,hybrids ,,& ,,o!r ,,new ,,*e/nuts ,,= ,,blight ,,di/ricts4 ,,dr4 ,,walt] ,,van ,,fleet1 ,,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,! s9i/] spread ( *e/nut blight1 z ! b>k disease caus$ by ! fungus ,endo?ia p>asitica is popul>ly call$1 )9 little m ?an #aj ye>s1 f its place ( app>5t orig9 ne> ,new ,york ,city into #ac /ates1 practically rea*+ ! ea/]n & nor!rn limits ( our native *e/nut /&s1 & sp>+ 9 its c\rse no individual trees expos$ to infection1 has ab\t conv9c$ ev5 ! mo/ optimi/ic obs]v]s t )\t ! int]v5tion ( natural *ecks ! ,am]ican *e/nut z a =e/ asset w soon pass away4 ,!re is no pres5t indication ( dim9ution 9 ! virul5ce ( ! fungus p>asite & little reason to hope its progress z a timb] de/roy] c be /ay$ by any ag5cy 9 ! control ( man4 ,already ! losses1 direct & indirect1 occasion$ by *e/nut blight are comput$ z high z #ej1jjj1jjj1 ab\t half ( ! e/imat$ value ( ! entire /&4 ,) ! v reasonable assumption t our native *e/nut is doom$ to virtual ext9ction x is well to consid] 9 "t if x c be replac$ z a timb] & nut-produc+ tree by o!r *e/nut species or comb9ations ( species less subject to injury by ?is disease-produc+ organism4 ,! ,endo?ia fungus1 z a de/ructive p>asite1 is app>5tly conf9$ to ! *e/nut1 r>ely if ev] h>mfully affect+ g5]a ev5 z closely alli$ z ! oak 7,qu]cus7 or ,ca/anopsis4 ,( ! v>i\s species ( *e/nut or ,ca/anea ^? native to ,japan & ,c5tral ,*9a appe> mo/ resi/ant1 probably hav+ be5 = ages accu/om$ to ! pres5ce ( ! fungus1 :ile ! ,european *e/nut1 ,ca/anea sativa1 our native ,c4 ,am]icana1 & our *9quap91 fall easy victims :5 expos$ to infection4 ,( ! ,asiatic =ms ,ca/anea cr5ata ( ,japan & ,ea/]n ,*9a & ,c4 molissima ( ! int]ior are mo/ promis+ 9 ?is respect1 ?\gh ! latt] is /ill an almo/ unkn[n quantity z reg>ds cultivation 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,ca/anea cr5ata1 commonly kn[n z ,japan *e/nut1 9 its m typical =ms is highly resi/ant1 s seldom %[+ mat]ial injury t1 = practical purposes1 x may be reg>d$ z immune4 ,japan *e/nut se$l+s rais$ f nuts gr[n 9 proximity to our native *e/nut & expos$ to ! influ5ce ( its poll5 are at times m s]i\sly affect$1 b are r>ely de/roy$ by ! b>k disease4 ,! ,japan *e/nut is ( comp>atively l[ gr[?1 ( small value = timb] purposes1 b z a nut-produc] is v fruitful & precoci\s1 be>+ great crops at an e>ly age4 ,! nuts are (t5 v l>ge b usually ( poor quality4 ,! species1 h[ev]1 proves q pla/ic 9 ! h&s ( ! plant bre$]1 be+ readily modifi$ 9 ! directions mo/ desir$ by ! ord9>y me?ods ( cross-poll9ation & selection4 ,x freely hybridizes ) all o!r *e/nut species & v>ieties t h be5 tri$1 & =ms ! basis ( ! mo/ hopeful "w 9 bre$+ = disease-resi/ance t has yet be5 attempt$4 ,ca/anea molissima is ( mu* tall] gr[? & be>s nuts ( mod]ate size1 b ( really good quality 9 ! types t h rea*$ ?is c\ntry4 ,x c be infect$ by ,endo?ia p>asitica b ! disease progresses sl[ly & 9 "s in/ances results 9 little h>m4 ,! species has be5 s rec5tly e/abli%$ 9 ,am]ica t practically no?+ is kn[n ( its bre$+ capabilities1 b if its disease-resi/ance "u our climatic conditions is assur$ x w\ld appe> mo/ hopeful mat]ial = replac+ our vani%+ native species4 ,explor]s report !re is a /ill m promis+ *e/nut 9 ,*9a1 rea*+ ne>ly #ajj feet 9 height "u =e/ conditions1 b x has n yet be5 secur$ = trial 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,ca/ania sativa1 ! comm]cial *e/nut ( ,europe1 9 _m v>ieties has long be5 cultivat$ 9 ,am]ica & = nut production is )\t d\bt ! be/ ( ! well-kn[n exotic species4 ,x has no great timb] value1 h[ev]1 & its disease-resi/ance1 ?\gh high] ?an ,c4 ,am]icana1 is sc>cely great en\gh to w>rant ext5d$ use z bre$+ mat]ial4 ,! native *9quap91 ,ca/anea pumila1 9 its bu% & tree =ms rema9s z ! only promis+ *e/nut n f\nd 9 ! ,ori5t4 ,:ile readily inoculat$ by artificial means1 ! *9quap9s1 especially v>ieties ( ! nor!rn bu% =ms1 q (t5 escape natural infection1 d\btless because ( _! small size1 smoo? b>k1 & less liability to insect attacks4 ,*e/nut bre$+ = nut improvem5t1 *iefly by selection ( native ,european & ,japanese species1 has be5 c>ri$ on 9 sev]al div]se localities 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ) di/9ctly promis+ results b int]-poll9ations h also be5 effect$ betwe5 mo/ species & v>ieties1 ! outcome indicat+ t rapid improvem5t along ! desir$ l9es may be expect$ f cross+ ! really desirable types4 ,9 #aijc & succe$+ ye>s ! writ] made _m c>eful poll9ations ( ! native *e/nut & ! bu% *9quap9 ) ,european & ,japanese *e/nuts 9 _m v>ieties4 ,"s hundr$s ( se$l+s result$1 mo/ly %[+ a high level ( promise z judg$ by _! initial ?rift & vigor ( gr[?1 b ! appe>ance 9 #aijg ( ! ,endo?ia disease among ! plant+s soon put an end to ! "w ) ! native & ,european *e/nuts1 z1 ) sc>cely an exception1 !y quickly became infect$4 ,! crosses ( *9quap9 & ,japan *e/nut1 h[ev]1 %[$ consid]able resi/ance z a :ole1 & a numb] ( individuals h resi/$ infection until ! pres5t "t1 ?\gh con/antly expos$ to ! disease1 bo? at _! locality ( orig9 9 ,new ,j]sey & s9ce at ,arl+ton f>m1 to :i* !y 7 transf]r$ 9 ! second & ?ird ye>s ( gr[?4 ,o!rs h be5 attack$ 9 great] or less degree1 b %[ great p[]s ( recup]ation1 s5d+ up suck]s t (t5 fruit well by ! ?ird ye>4 ,! resi/ant v>ieties %[ great promise z nut produc]s1 com+ into be>+ :5 ?ree or f\r ye>s old f se$ & produc+ abundant crops ( h&some nuts1 ( excell5t quality1 f\r to six times z l>ge & heavy z ^? borne by ! *9quap9 p>5t1 rip5+ 9 e>ly ,septemb] be=e *e/nuts ( any k9d h appe>$ 9 ! m>ket4 ,^! nuts h ?ick] %ells ?an o!r *e/nuts1 are mu* less subject to attacks ( ! *e/nut weevil & pres]ve _! fre% & invit+ appe>ance long] :5 ga!r$4 ,! flavor v>ies some:at accord+ to ! p>ticul> poll5 p>5t ( ! diff]5t v>ieties1 b is always agreeable 9 ! fre% /ate :5 ! nuts are prop]ly cur$4 ,:5 boil$ or roa/$ !y are p>ticul>ly sweet & pleasant to ! ta/e4 ,! trees are q vigor\s 9 gr[?1 consid]+ _! r dw>f type1 rea*+ #aj or m feet 9 height at #f to #h ye>s f ! g]m9ation ( ! se$s & ) sc>cely an exception be> regul> & increas+ crops aft] ! ?ird ye>4 ,propagation ( ! mo/ promis+ v>ieties has be5 effect$ by graft+ & budd+ on ,ca/anea molissima se$l+s z resi/ant /ocks1 b x _c be said t ^! processes1 :5 p]=m$ "u gre5h\se conditions1 give ideal unions4 ,x is hop$ to make fairly ext5sive trials ( ,c4 molissima & ,c4 cr5ata z /ocks = field graft+ ! com+ season4 ,b ! mo/ enc\rag+ feature ( ^! *9quap9-cr5ata crosses is ! excell5ce ( _! se$l+s z gr[n f *ance or self-poll9at$ nuts4 ,fifte5 direct or second g5]ation se$l+s & "o ( ! ?ird g5]ation h fruit$ to date4 ,all h reta9$ 9 gr[? & fruitage ! *>act]s ( _! imm$iate p>5t & x almo/ appe>s z if ! good qualities ( ^! hybrids may be p]petuat$ f se$s1 ?us disp5s+ 9 a great measure ) vegetative propagation--always co/ly & unc]ta9 ) nut trees4 ,sev]al hundr$ ( ^! se$l+s are "u obs]vation & x sc>cely appe>s too mu* to hope t !y may inh]it ! disease-resi/+ "* ( _! p>5ts z well z o!r desirable qualities4 ,selection "w ) a precoci\s /ra9 ( ,japan *e/nuts ( app>5tly pure type has be5 cont9u$ ?r\gh #d g5]ations ( se$l+s aft] an initial cross-poll9ation ( two p>ticul>ly desirable v>ieties _h be5 made 9 #aijc4 ,^! se$l+s %[ great] range ( v>iation ?an ! hybrids ) *9quap91 b all be> nuts ( m>ketable value 9 #b to #d ye>s f g]m9ation4 ,none h be5 attack$ by ! ,endo?ia fungus1 ?\gh _m h con/antly be5 expos$ to infection4 ,not)/&+ _! extreme precocity trees ( ?is ,asiatic /ra9 gr[ /eadily & if ?ickly plant$ 9 favorable localities may 9 "t produce timb] ( local value1 b x is to ! tall] gr[+ species ( middle ,*9a t we mu/ look = mat]ial to replace our vani%+ native =e/ /&s4 ,! pres]vation 9 ?is c\ntry ( ! *e/nut z a nut-be>+ tree appe>s assur$ 9 view ( ! progress already made & x %\ld n be too mu* to hope t resi/ant /ra9s ( ! timb] type may yet be develop$ by sy/ematic bre$+ exp]im5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,inasmu* z ! au?or ( ! pap] is n pres5t to answ] que/ions1 ! only ?+ t may be done is to ask fur!r contributions ( k 9 ! same field4 ,has anyone any contribution to make8 ,,miss ,,l\ise ,,littlepage3 ,i w\ld l to ask h[ long ! *e/nut tree has be5 able to live ) ! blight8 ,,dr4 ,,metcalf3 ,d y ref] to ! ,asiatic ones or to ! ones t gr[ "h 9 ,am]ica8 ,,miss ,,littlepage3 ,! ,am]ican4 ,,dr4 ,,metcalf3 ,x is almo/ impossible to answ] t "q because y h to def9e j :at y mean by liv+4 ,if ! *e/nut tree is attack$ fir/ or e>ly on ! trunk1 x is girdl$ & dies %ortly1 b if x is attack$ fir/ on ! top !re develop conditions l :at is %[n 9 ?is picture 7%[+ photograph74 ,i am n c]ta9 t y c see ^! bun*es ( suck]s a little way up ! tree4 ,n[ ^? trees w sometimes exi/ f\r or five ye>s4 ,i c say safely t ,i h se5 trees la/ five ye>s4 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,i c add ?ree ye>s to t4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,if !re is no fur!r discussion1 we may adj\rn4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,friday1 ,,septemb] #h,,?1 ,,at #h4ae ,p4 ,m4 ,meet+ call$ to ord] by ! ,presid5t4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,to my m9d nut gr[+ is "p ( a l>g] field1 a field ( cons]vation1 "o :i* is go+ to develop a :ole new s]ies ( tree crops1 ( :i* ! nuts are b a "p4 ,,presid5t',s ,,address4 ,,dr4 ,j4 ,,russell ,,smi?4 ,agriculture is usually symboliz$ by a picture %[+ a man1 a pl[1 & a %eaf ( :eat4 ,i w\ld make ! symbolization d\ble by add+ to x "s k9d ( a nut tree 9 fruit4 ,i h long _h a vision ( wav+1 /urdy1 fruitful trees yield+ nuts & o!r valuable fruit1 & /&+ on our hilly & rocky l& :]e n[ ! gully & o!r signs ( pov]ty1 de/ruction & desolation gape at u4 ,?is vision ( ! fruitful tree also ext5ds to ! arid l&s1 !re also va/ly increas+ our productive areas4 ,beyond a d\bt ! tree is ! greate/ eng9e ( production nature has giv5 u1 & 9 its ability to yield h>ve/s )\t soil injury on r\gh1 rocky1 & /eep l&s1 & on arid l&s1 c>ries ! possibility ( ! approximate d\bl+ ( ! area ( fir/-class cropp+ l& 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 also probably 9 _m o!r c\ntries4 ,tw5ty-"o ye>s ago ?is spr+ ,i began 9 a small way to br+ into reality ?is vision ( ! tree-cov]$ fruitful hills1 al?\gh my int]e/ 9 ! matt] goes back at lea/ f\r ye>s fur!r to ! "t :5 ,i fill$ my pockets ) ! l>ge graft$ ,european *e/nuts gr[n along 8 lanes by ! late ,edw9 ,satt]?waite1 ( ,j5k9t[n1 ,pa4 ,my fir/ essay at nut tree cropp+ 0 %ort b n sweet4 ,i plant$ an acre & a half ( ,p]sian walnuts1 se$l+s be+ ! only ?+s !n to be f\nd4 ,!re be+ no "o )9 my rea* to guide me mu*1 if any1 ,i b\ght su* se$l+s z 7 to be _h f a ,new ,j]sey nurs]yman4 ,i mul*$ !m1 & saw !m ea* ye> gr[ less & less until ! ?ird season !y disappe>$4 ,i h1 h[ev]1 "s survival f ?is attempt 9 ! =m ( black walnuts1 :i* ,i _h ! =esight to plant z nuts imm$iately beside ! ,p]sian walnuts :5 !y 7 plant$ z trees4 ,"s ( ^! walnuts are n[ q /urdy "y trees ready to be top-work$ to "s good /ra94 ,my second attempt 0 ! ,p>agon *e/nut4 ,9 #ahig ,i />t$ 9 on a #ajj-;acre tract on ! ,blue ,ridge ,m\nta9s1 ne> ,bluemont1 ,va41 mu* ( x too rocky = any cultivat$ crop1 b admirably fitt$ to native *e/nuts1 & cov]$ ) a p]fect /&4 ,i _h a good _m acres well e/abli%$1 :51 9 #aijh1 ! *e/nut blight conv9c$ me t fur!r ext5sion 0 p]il\s4 ,my or*>d has s9ce be5 giv5 ov] to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture z ! sc5e ( _! exp]im5ts 9 fight+ ! *e/nut blight1 b !y h giv5 x up1 )drawn _! ef=ts1 & half ! or*>d is n[ cut d[n & plant$ to ,w9esap & ,grimes ,gold5 ,apples1 :i* t5 ye>'s exp]i5ce has %[n me c be gr[n on su* l& )\t cultivation if mul*$ ) ! we$s & bu%es t gr[ ar\nd !m1 & giv5 "s comm]cial f]tiliz]4 ,i h a numb] ( su* "y trees plant$ 9 #aijg 9 l& ( ?is "* t are n[ full ( f9e quality fruit4 ,my ?ird nut-gr[+ attempt 0 ) m select /ra9s ( se$l+ ,engli% walnuts ?an ! mis]able *ancel+s ) :i* ,i began4 ,"o tree f ! magnific5t specim5s at #caae ,o /reet1 ,n4 ,w41 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 & sev]al f ,pom]oy1 promptly p]i%$1 app>5tly f w9t]-kill+1 & my nut hopes 7 at a v l[ ebb :5 ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association came ^u my intellectual horizon4 ,f x ,i h le>n$ h[ to graft ! walnut1 ! pecan & o!r hickories1 & ,i h aga9 />t$ 9 on ! ,engli% walnut1 us+ ! ,mayette1 ,franquette1 & sev]al ( ! ea/]n se$l+s4 ,aft] ! usual disa/r\s failures at top-work+1 ,i 0 ?is ,june 9 su* a l>ge condition ( hope t ,i 0 9 s]i\s ne$ ( be+ hoop$ to keep myself d[n to normal size4 ,su* artificial aids to ! ma9t5ance ( normal size are1 h[ev]1 no long] necess>y aft] ?is summ]'s exp]i5ces1 dur+ :i* ! bud-worm has cut ! ends ( my ,p]sian walnut %oots & ! blight app>5tly has )]$ up my "y grafts s t an #ah in* %oot ( ,july #a/ is n[ #ag in*es black & #a in* br[ni% gre51 & 9 o!r cases entirely dead4 ,alas :at a slaught]6 ,?is app>5tly puts my ,p]sian walnut hopes into a /ate ( neutrality4 ,i hope x is b5evol5t neutrality4 ,s f> z actual expect+ is conc]n$1 h[ev]1 ,i am n do+ any j n[4 ,i wait4 ,! graft$ black walnuts1 h[ev]1 h met ) none ( ^! accid5ts1 & ^! are a sub/antial & solid hope1 z is ! pecan1 :i* is behav+ h&somely on its own roots & also on ! hickory roots4 ,tree ,crops ,insurance4 ,z my exp]i5ce ) nut trees well %[s1 !re is little d\bt t we are n[ 9 a p]iod ( great activity ( plant enemies4 ,!y are inde$ a by-product ( ! spl5did "w n[ be+ done 9 br++ to u ! crop plants ( all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,along ) ! ,*9ese & ,japanese products :i* h already be5 s valuable & promise u s mu* m = ,am]ican horticulture1 we h receiv$ ! ,san ,jose scale1 ! *e/nut blight1 & probably o!rs w foll[4 ,= ! next tw5ty-five or fifty ye>s :ile ! nut indu/ries are 9 :at may be prop]ly consid]$ ! exp]im5tal /age1 ,i wi% to urge ! great necessity ( "s k9d ( crop insurance = ! man :o plants out any k9d ( nut tree4 ,say :at y please1 ! nuts are n z well kn[n & z reliable z ! o!r fruits1 su* z ! apple1 & ev5 apples are unc]ta9 en\gh4 ,crop ,insurance ,?r\gh ,two-,/ory ,f>m+4 ,by ! t]m crop insurance ,i mean hav+ some?+ else on ! same l& t w make a pr(it ye> aft] ye>1 :e!r ! tree pays or n4 ,if ?is is n feasible1 !re %\ld be some?+ else :i* c be quickly conv]t$ into a crop if ! ma9 hope sudd5ly disappe>s4 ,= ! man :o is gr[+ nuts on level1 arable l&1 ,i believe ,i _c emphasize too /rongly ! pa/ur$ pig4 ,pigs bel[ trees 7& nuts maybe above74 ,?is is m]ely ! two-/ory f>m+ t ,europe 0 practis+ :5 ,columbus 0 a boy4 ,^u all good nut gr[]s ,i urge ! pig = ! fir/ /ory4 ,?is unromantic b v practical aid to income = ! nut-gr[] has _h ! great honor to be accept$ by a presid5t ( ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association1 ,mr4 ,littlepage1 & by a presid5t ( ! ,national ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association1 ,colonel ,van ,duzee4 ,colonel ,van ,duzee1 f ! f9ancial /&po9t1 really does n h to h 8 pecan trees ei!r to live or be>4 ,he is mak+ money out ( ! oats1 c[peas1 crimson clov]1 vet*1 soy beans1 velvet beans1 & o!r =age crops :i* he is gr[+ betwe5 ! pecan trees1 & :i* ! pigs are h>ve/+ = him & conv]t+ into salable products4 ,( c\rse ?is makes ! pecan trees gr[ l we$s1 b ,i am n[ talk+ ab\t ! crop insurance aspect ( x4 ,?is crop insurance aspect ( ,colonel ,van ,duzee's la/ plant+ _c be too /rongly emphasiz$4 ,he has plant$ ! trees #ajj feet ap>t1 practically f\r & "o-qu>t] trees to ! acre1 & has !n proce$$ to ! hog f>m+ bus9ess z ?\gh ! trees 7 n !re4 ,?is may s\nd some:at fanta/ic to ! man ( ! ,nor?4 ,p]haps x s\nds well-nigh crim9al to ! man :o is try+ to sell pecan tree l& to s*oolm>ms1 talk+ fifty pecan trees to ! acre4 ,:5 a tree has ! habit ( spread+ two or ?ree or f\r feet p] ye> :5 well f$1 & keep+ x up an indef9ite "t1 ! "q ( ultimate size is "o to be reckon$ )4 ,t ! pecan tree c atta9 great size 9 ! ,nor?1 z well z 9 ! ,s\?1 is atte/$ by ! record ( a tree 9 nor!rn ,m>yl& on ,spesutia ,isl&1 ne> ! head ( ,*esapeake ,bay4 ,! tree is describ$ by "o ( our memb]s1 ,mr4 ,wilm] ,p4 ,hoopes1 z be+ eighty-f\r ye>s old1 hale & he>ty4 ,?is tree is #ajf feet tall1 ) a spread ( #aaj feet1 has two limbs1 respectively #eg & #fj feet long & is #ac feet 9 circumf]5ce1 #c feet above gr\nd1 & is an annual be>] ( ?9 %ell1 nuts t1 ?\gh r small n[1 are mighty good to eat4 ,if nut trees are go+ to gr[ into t size1 we mu/ plant v wide or make up our m9ds to a v h]oic & v difficult act1 "o :i* _m m5 9 ! ,s\? %\ld d ?is m9ute1 namely1 cut d[n half or ?ree-qu>t]s ( ! nut trees on a giv5 acre4 ,i wi% to emphasize ! heal? aspect f ! /&po9t ( ! tree ( ?is v wide plant+4 ,x is g5]ally recogniz$ by horticultural au?ority t trees develop sickness & disease :5 cr[d$ 9 l>ge numb]s4 ,! pecan trees #ajj feet ap>t may p]haps escape ?is dang] & h ! sun on all p>ts ( _! leaf surface1 a fact1 by ! way1 :i* is necess>y to crop production on ?is & o!r nut trees4 ,?is wide plant+ is practically ! me?od foll[$ 9 mo/ ( ! important ,fr5* ,p]sian walnut di/ricts4 ,) v few exceptions _! trees are isolat$1 a man hav+ two or tw5ty1 or ?irty1 scatt]$ ab\t 8 f>m1 usually 9 ! mid/ ( 8 fields :]e !y c develop to p]fection1 take ! tillage ( ! crops1 & br+ 9 "s extra money1 :i* "o ( ! own]s v significantly told me is income )\t ef=t4 ,?is income )\t ef=t aspect ( ! matt] takes ! =m ( a man hav+ to pay z mu* r5t = a good walnut tree 9 ! dep>tm5t ( ,dordogne1 z he does = an acre ( good :eat l& alongside4 ,r\gh ,l& ,tree ,crops ,insurance4 ,:at k9d ( tree crops insurance might ,i h _h = my *e/nuts graft$ n9ete5 ye>s ago8 ,_h ,i kn[n !n z mu* z ,i n[ "k ab\t nut trees1 except+ ! *e/nut blight1 ,i %\ld h plant$ t place ?ickly ) black walnut nuts & nor!rn pecan nuts1 unless ! squirrels 7 too quick = me1 9 :i* case ,i %\ld h us$ little se$l+s4 ,^! ,i w\ld h kept 9 a subm]g$ b hopeful condition by occasionally cutt+ !m d[n4 ,?is w\ld keep !m f cr[d+ ! *e/nut trees1 b w\ld by no means h kept me out ( a /& ( vigor\s pecans & black walnuts ready to graft at v %ort notice4 ,:5 ! blight blew its signal ( national al>m 9 #aijh1 ,i c\ld h gone to graft+ ^? trees & !y w\ld by ?is "t probably h be5 9 be>+ & ready to replace ! *e/nuts :i* are n[ dy+ ) ! blight4 ,if any "o wi%es to contradict my /atem5t ab\t ^! trees liv+ ) su* treatm5t1 ,i w admit t ,i am n speak+ f exp]i5ce ) reg>d to ! pecan1 b ,i believe ! exp]i5ce ( o!rs admirably v]ifies ! /atem5t ,i h made4 ,i am1 h[ev]1 speak+ lit]ally f my own exp]i5ce :5 ,i ref] to ! black walnut4 ,= t5 summ]s pa/ ,i h 9 ,july & ,augu/ scy!d (f a c]ta9 tract ( /ump l& plant$ to apples4 ,ea* ye> black walnuts & butt] nuts h be5 cut1 & n[ at ! end ( t "t ! /ubs are /ill annually ?r[+ up vigor\s %oots #b-a_/b to #d feet 9 l5g?1 & if !y are all[$ to escape = a season1 !y d>t pa/ a man's head s fa/ he wond]s :at has happ5$4 ,:ile ,i hope to exp]im5t = =ty m ye>s on my m\nta9 side 9 ! attempt to cov] x ) wav+ fruitful trees t are s immune to pe/s z n to ne$ spray+1 ,i %all nev] aga9 be caught ) only "o possibility ^u a giv5 piece ( l&4 ,if ,i %\ld top-"w my native hickories to %agb>k1 :i* ,i "k involves consid]able wait+ & consid]able unc]ta9ty1 ,i c1 ) v little exp5se1 put ^u ! same gr\nd a full /& ( graft$ black walnuts & a full /& ( budd$ pecans1 or if ,i d n c>e to g to t mu* tr\ble1 ,i c graft my hickories & plant my native black walnuts & m]ely keep !m !re 9 subm]g$ condition z res]ve trees ready to be graft$ at any "t4 ,= a pecan or*>d ,i c d exactly ! same ?+1 us+ black walnuts z fill]s1 possible successors1 or z ungraft$ res]ves4 ,= ! ,p]sian walnut1 ! black walnut c aga9 come 9 z a fill] or z a res]ve1 & = graft$ blacks ( any v>iety1 o!r blacks c be kept wait+ = ! arrival ( possible bett] v>ieties :i* c\ld easily become ! head ( ! corn]4 ,my exp]i5ce ) transplant+ se$l+ pecans %[s t !y1 too1 c1 )\t s]i\s difficulty1 be plant$ out 9 su* r\gh l& & kept wait+ !re = ye>s until ! day ( possible utilization4 ,la/ly1 ,i wi% to emphasize "o m possible crop insurance tree = ! man :o is plant+ nuts on l& difficult ( cultivation1 or entirely untillable1 & t is ! p]simmon4 ,i h paid my respects above to ! till$ crops & ! pa/ur$ pig = ! arable l&1 & = ! un>able l& ,i w\ld /ill emphasize ! pig & give him o!r s\rces ( food to supplem5t pa/ure4 ,among ^! possible foods is ! p]simmon :i* z yet has be5 little appreciat$ 9 an ext5sive way1 al?\gh hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( m5 "k x is highly priz$ =age & ( consid]able fatt5+ value4 ,x has a crop insurance virtue1 h[ev]1 o!r ?an its acceptability z pig fe$4 ,t is ! h>d9ess ( ! tree & ! ease ( e/abli%+ x4 ,9 my pa/ure lot ! ,angora goat1 ev5 :5 pu%$ ) hung]1 has n t\*$ p]simmon wood or leaves4 ,! same is practically true ( ! black walnut & ( ! butt]nut4 ,?is fact is "o ( great importance1 because x means t we c keep r\gh l& 9 pa/ures1 ev5 goat pa/ure1 dur+ ! p]iod :5 we are plant+ out tall-head$ nut trees ( almo/ any v>iety1 & at ! same "t h a p]fect /& ( two k9ds ( crop insurance trees com+ along1 namely1 walnuts & p]simmons4 ,9 ?is connection x is desirable to po9t out ! relation ( ?is recomm5dation to ! actual practice 9 nut gr[+ regions ( ,europe4 ,!y d n plant a little two or ?ree foot tree4 ,!y plant an eight or n9e-foot tree (t5 s slight x c n hold itself up1 & is kept 9 place by "o or two /iff poles4 ,?is tall-head$ fell[ /&s out 9 ! middle ( ! :eat field1 ! v9ey>d1 ! hay field1 ! goat pa/ure1 ! c[ pa/ure1 ) its head entirely out ( rea* ( ! pa/ur+ animal1 its trunk protect$ by "o or two /\t /icks1 & 9 due "t x takes hold4 ,) ! trees prop]ly develop$ 9 ! nurs]y1 ,i "k ( no reason :y ! same practice _c prevail "h1 & ,i h at lea/ "o ,buss]on pecan tree t has gone safely ?r\gh ! fir/ summ] ( x4 ,! practice ( "o pecan gr[] 9 ,texas1 report$ 9 ! ,nut ,j\rnal1 is sugge/ive ( a crop insurance practice capable ( wide use 9 ! ,nor?1 namely1 plant+ ( fill] trees ( quick-yield+ v>ieties4 ,!re is no reason :y ! nor!rn nut trees might n be plant$ #dj1 #fj1 or #hj feet ap>t 9 pea* or ev5 apple or*>ds1 z did ! ,texas man ) 8 nut trees #gb feet ap>t1 occupy+ e f\r? place 9 an #ah-;foot spac$ fig or*>d4 ,i w\ld call att5tion ( ,nor!rn]s1 h[ev]1 to ! desirability ( ! mulb]ry1 ! mo/ rapid gr[+ & *eape/ ( all our fruit trees1 do+ well 9 ,c>ol9a at a space ( #cj feet1 :i* w\ld enable ! ,nor!rn]1 by a little v>iation ( ! int]val betwe5 8 mulb]ry trees1 to plant nut trees any:]e f #fj to #ajj feet ap>t4 ,sod ,mul* ,nut ,or*>ds4 ,i "k t any sugge/ions ( ! production ( trees )\t pl[+ is unor?odox1 & !re=e n likely to be he>d /raight1 & p>ticul>ly p]il\s 9 ! pres5ce ( pr(essional horticulturi/s 9 /ate or national employ4 ,to su* ,i wi% to call att5tion to ! fact t ,i h emphasiz$ 9 ?is matt]1 fir/1 ! tillage me?ods1 & t ,i am mak+ no knock aga9/ cultivation4 ,we all "k t x works "u "s conditions1 & we all also "k t !re are "s conditions 9 :i* x w n "w4 ,if ,i liv$ on level1 s&y loam1 ,i'd be a furi\s till] ( tree crops fifte5 times a ye>4 ,b ,i 0 born ^u a rocky hill1 & n[ ,i live ^u ano!r t is high] & rocki]1 & ,i don't believe 9 till+ x fifte5 times a ye>4 ,mu/ ,i ab&on x1 or adopt uses to its conditions8 ,out ( ^! conditions mul* or*>d+ has come4 ,despite ! or?odox1 ,i "k t ! gr[+ ( "s k9ds ( fruit trees )\t cultivation has pass$ ! exp]im5tal /age4 ,at ?is mom5t millions ( b>rels ( apples are approa*+ p]fection 9 or*>ds 9 ,virg9ia & o!r ea/]n /ates t h n be5 pl[$ = m ?an "o1 & sometimes = m ?an five seasons4 ,! application ( ?is me?od to nut trees is /ill 9 ! embryonic /age1 ) !oretic factors favor+ x4 ,i d n "k h[ f> ! mul*-f]tiliz] me?od c g1 b ,i am sure x may g mu* f>!r ?an mo/ pr(essional horticulturi/s w admit4 ,i f9d t ! pecan tree />ts (f nicely "u ! mul* f]tiliz] conditions ( ! apple4 ,! walnut tree has c]ta9ly done x = ages ) less aid1 & ,i believe x is up to u to f9d me?ods ( h&l+ l& & trees & moi/ure :i* w enable u to avoid ! dang]1 co/s1 & difficulties ( pl[+ r\gh l& & /ill get good trees4 ,= example1 ! abs5ce ( cultivation does n necess>ily imply ! abs5ce ( f]tiliz]4 ,! way a few black walnut trees 9 my apple or*>d h snapp$ _! buds & gr[n 9 response to ! nitrate ( soda t has be5 put ^u ! apple trees beside has be5 little %ort ( a/\nd+4 ,! way a poor little />vel+ p]simmon wakes up :5 ! same treatm5t comes along1 is equally int]e/+4 ,i _c speak def9itely yet ab\t ! influ5ce ( f]tiliz] on ! ,p]sian walnut or ! pecan4 ,9 connection ) ! f]tilization matt]1 x is well kn[n t a crop ( clov] or o!r legumes is v important z a "p ( ! rotation ( crops 9 pl[ agriculture4 ,simil>ly ,i expect great value c be obta9$ 9 our pa/ur$ & f]tiliz$ nut or*>ds if we s treat ! soil ) lime1 phosphor\s1 & :atev] else is ne$$1 to give a good mat ( :ite clov] & o!r legumes :i* are und\bt$ly a good nitrog5 supply = trees ^: roots int]lace ) !irs4 ,simil>ly ,i see great possibilities 9 ! int]plant+ ( "s legum9\s crop tree su* z ! honey locu/ or ! ,k5tucky c(fee bean 9 our nut or*>ds4 ,x is true nei!r ( ^! trees has yet be5 select$ & develop$ to ! crop po9t1 b !y are mu* m promis+ ?an ,s>g5t says ! wild ,p]sian walnut 0 at its beg9n+4 ,x is an e/abli%$ fact t a non-legum9\s plant c take n\ri%m5t f ! nitrate-be>+ nodules on ! roots ( adjac5t liv+ legumes1 to say no?+ ( its well-kn[n ability to fe$ ^u ! nitrate collections ( legumes t h liv$ 9 pa/ seasons )9 rea* ( its roots4 ,?us ! int]plant+ ( a legume & a nut tree seems to promise a cont9u\s supply ( ! all-important nitrates = ! nut tree4 ,! ,"q ( ,moi/ure4 ,x is n necess>ily true t a tree gets a l[ p]c5tage ( ! local ra9fall because x is n pl[$4 ,! la/ palliation1 or is x provocation1 t ,i w\ld ?r[ into ! camp ( ! or?odox & ! wor%ipp]s ( ! pl[1 is ! wat]-pocket1 or small field res]voir1 dra9+ a few squ>e rods & hold+ h>d by ! roots ( a tree a few gallons or a few b>rels ( wat] :i* w\ld o!rwise run away4 ,i %[$ ?is association a numb] ( photographs ( ^! wat]-pockets la/ ye>4 ,_! mo/ ext5sive ,am]ican us]1 ,dr4 ,may]1 consid]s !m successful f ! tree's /&po9t & pr(itable f ! economic /&po9t4 ,s9ce ! great virtue ( cultivation is ! cons]vation ( moi/ure1 ,i w submit t ?is device1 work$ out & us$ = ?ree c5turies by ! olive gr[]s ( ,tunis1 = tw5ty ye>s by ,dr4 ,may]1 ( ,p5nsylvania1 & ab\t ! same l5g? ( "t by ,colonel ,freeman ,?orpe1 ,m9nesota1 c f ! po9t ( !ory & p]haps also f ! po9t ( practice1 equal tillage on "s soils1 & ) less labor & mu* great] economy 9 f>m managem5t1 = ! mak+ ( wat] pots is a job = odd times1 ! bane ( agriculture1 & tillage all comes 9 a pile--ano!r bane ( agriculture4 ,^u ! :ole1 ,i ?9k my #ba ye>s ( nut lov+ h run me directly & indirectly into t5 ?\s& h>d e>n$1 & z yet1 p>tly n e>n$ doll>s4 ,r a deep /+ = a p$agogue4 ,:5 ! la/ ( my graft$ *e/nut trees come d[n next ye>1 ,i w h little to %[ = t t5 ?\s&1 b an exp]im5tal nurs]y & "s exp]im5tal trees scatt]$ ab\t ! hillside4 ,b ! exp]im5ts are /ill int]e/+4 ,i /ill h hope1 & ,i /ill love trees4 ,i am /ill ahead4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i believe e o!r man "h today has def5d$ 8 !sis4 ,i w n claim any exemption4 ,,dr4 ,,/abl]3 ,! ,presid5t has m5tion$ ! comb9ation ( apple & walnut trees4 ,i w\ld l to ask him if he has se5 any delet]i\s effects ^u ! apple f ! proximity ( walnut roots4 ,n[1 "s ( my fri5ds 9 ,montgom]y c\nty h ! idea t an apple tree w n live )9 fifty feet ( a walnut tree4 ,i h1 myself1 se5 a numb] ( apple trees die1 app>5tly because !y 7 neighbors ( walnut trees4 ,i wasn't sure t t 0 ! cause ( dea?1 b !y di$1 & walnut trees situat$ 9 an apple or*>d w h a r+ ( dead apple trees ar\nd !m4 ,n[ t is "o case t ,i "k ( :]e ! walnut tree acts injuri\sly ^u ! vegetation to :i* x is neighbor4 ,all ( ! f>m crops1 :eat1 corn1 grass1 & oats1 & rye1 etc41 seem to ?rive j z well "u ! limbs ( a black walnut z !y d away f x4 ,9 fact1 frequ5tly y see ! grass gre5] & m luxuriant "r up to ! trunk ( ! tree ?an any:]e else1 b x doesn't seem to be true ( ! apple4 ,n[1 ,i w\ld l to he> f ! ,presid5t4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i simply made t z a sugge/ion & ref]r$ to ?is in/ance z an illu/ration ( ! effect ( f]tilization on ! walnut4 ,,dr4 ,,augu/us ,,/abl]3 ,well1 h[ are ^? apple trees do+8 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i _h en\gh tr\ble )\t look+ = m by mix+ walnut & apple trees4 ,! walnut trees are small1 m]ely ! gr[? f /ubs repeat$ly cut4 ,! next on our program is a pap] by ,mr4 ,mc,murran1 ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 ^u ! "q ( diseases ( ! ,engli% walnut4 ,mr4 ,mc,murran4 ,,mr4 ,s4 ,m4 ,,mcmurran3 ,i am sorry t 9 ?is1 my fir/ appe>ance be=e ?is ,association ,i hav5't a m optimi/ic & enc\rag+ subject to talk on ?an diseases4 ,y m5 & wom5 :o are burd5$ ) e/abli%+ ?is indu/ry h en\gh on y )\t cont5d+ ) diseases1 & x 0 n my int5tion to talk ^u diseases at ?is meet+1 b ,mr4 ,littlepage1 ,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,re$1 & ,mr4 ,jones1 & sev]al o!rs1 h be5 urg+ ! matt] /rongly1 :i* expla9s my appe>ance at ?is "t4 ,walnut blight is a v common & s]i\s disease on ! ,pacific ,coa/4 ,x may be a native disease1 ?\gh x has nev] be5 report$ on native black walnuts1 & x has prov$ a v s]i\s m5ace to ! se$l+ ,engli% walnut groves on ! ,pacific ,coa/4 ,?is little piece ( "w ,i want to tell y ab\t tonight 0 done ?r\gh ! co-op]ation ( ,mr4 ,jones & ,mr4 ,ru%1 at ,lanca/]1 ,pa41 & has j be5 complet$ )9 ! la/ few days4 ,i made a trip ?r\gh ,new ,j]sey1 ,delaw>e1 & ,p5nsylvania1 ab\t ! fir/ ( ,augu/1 & f\nd a numb] ( nuts t _h all ! appe>ance ( be+ infect$ ) ! walnut blight g]m4 ,!y _h ! same appe>ance z ^? nuts t y saw ?is aft]noon 9 ,georget[n4 ,i br\ght !m back "h & made cultures f !m 9 ! laboratory1 & aft] t ! problem 0 absurdly easy4 ,! g]m 0 obta9$ )\t difficulty1 ,i obta9$ a pure culture1 & !n ,i w5t up to ,mr4 ,ru%'s place1 at ,lanca/]1 & made a numb] ( inoculations1 ( :i* ^! few ,i h "h are typical4 ,?is nut t y see "h 0 inoculat$ f a pure culture along ) a numb] ( o!rs1 & ! condition is z y see x1 aft] ab\t a mon?4 ,inoculations 7 also made into twigs1 & ,i w pass ^! ar\nd = y\r exam9ation4 ,! "o m>k$1 inoculat$1 has a little cank] on x1 & on ! o!r y w h difficulty 9 f9d+ ! ne$le punctures1 b y w see !m if y look closely4 ,n[1 ,i h>dly "k :at to say ab\t ?is disease at ?is "t4 ,z ,i h /at$ be=e1 my "w has be5 9 ! ,s\? = ! pa/ sev]al ye>s1 & no "w has be5 done on ?is disease 9 ! ,ea/ prior to ?is summ]4 ,t x mu/ h be5 "h = a long "t seems almo/ a =egone conclusion1 because ( its wide di/ribution4 ,mr4 ,jones 0 a little bit consci5ce-/rick5 = fe> he br\ght x "h ) him4 ,/ill x is 9 ,delaw>e & ,m>yl& z well z ,p5nsylvania1 & y c't blame ,mr4 ,jones = t4 ,i ?9k1 too1 x is less actively pa?og5ic ?an on ! ,pacific ,coa/1 or we w\ld h he>d ( x be=e4 ,t x %\ld prove a s]i\s m5ace to ! developm5t ( ! walnut indu/ry 9 ! ,ea/1 is too mu* to assume at ?is "t4 ,x w und\bt$ly elim9ate a numb] ( ! v>ieties t are consid]$ promis+ n[1 b ! c\rse t w h to be tak5 w be to propagate only v>ieties :i* are highly resi/ant or totally immune to ! disease4 ,j :at ^! v>ieties are go+ to be 9 ! ,ea/ we d n "k z yet1 ( c\rse4 ,we %\ld avoid ! mi/akes t ! gr[]s on ! ,pacific ,coa/ h made ( plant+ se$l+ trees1 & tak+ ! *ance ( _! be+ resi/ant to ! disease4 ,a great _m v>ieties w be automatically elim9at$ :5 ! nurs]ym5 be> 9 m9d t ?is disease is "o to be consid]$1 & ,i want to say1 t1 9 addition to ?is1 ! ,dep>tm5t w take pleasure 9 mak+ artificial inoculations & te/s on all ^? conc]n+ :i* !re is any "q4 ,we h ! g]m 9 culture n[ & w ma9ta9 x1 & anyone :o discov]s a new v>iety1 or has an old "o !y w\ld l to propagate1 c communicate ) u1 & we w take pleasure 9 te/+ its susceptibility4 ,i ?9k t is ab\t all t c be said on ! subject at ?is "t4 ,?is disease has be5 /udi$ v c>efully on ! ,pacific ,coa/ & a numb] ( publications issu$ f ! ,cali=nia ,exp]im5t ,/ation conc]n+ x4 ,= ^? :o are int]e/$ 9 look+ ! lit]ature up1 ,i h "h ! foll[+ ref]5ces3 ,cal4 ,/ation ,bullet9s1 #ahd1 #bjc1 #bah1 #bca1 & ,circul>s #ajg & #aca4 ,a ,,memb]3 ,is spray+ ( any avail8 ,,mr4 ,,mcmurran3 ,x has help$ some:at1 b x has n prov$ economical on ! coa/4 ,a ,,memb]3 ,9 ord] to h t te/ made1 w\ld x be necess>y to s5d ! ?+s to ! ,dep>tm5t8 ,,mr4 ,,mcmurran3 ,no2 x w\ld be necess>y = me to come to y & te/ !m on ! trees4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,did ^? walnuts 9 ,mr4 ,br[n's y>d look to y z ?\gh !y _h ! blight8 ,,mr4 ,,mcmurran3 ,yes1 !y look$ l ?is 7%[+ specim574 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,did y notice t tree j across ! f5ce8 ,! reason ,i ask ! "q is t if t is blight out !re1 !n t tree "r across ! f5ce is v likely resi/ant1 because ,i h notic$ t ^? walnuts h _h ?is on & (f = six or sev5 ye>s4 ,! limbs ( ! two trees are )9 tw5ty feet ( ea* o!r4 ,,mr4 ,,mcmurran3 ,well1 t is a v enc\rag+ po9t4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,i didn't ?9k t 0 blight4 ,all ^? trees at ,georget[n t ,i h obs]v$ h t condition on !m1 m or less1 except t "o tree4 ,,mr4 ,,mcmurran3 ,yet1 isn't x true t !y bore pretty good crops ( nuts1 nev]!less8 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,oh1 yes4 ,,mr4 ,,mcmurran3 ,well1 t 0 ! po9t ,i _h 9 m9d4 ,( ! two trees "o be>s e o!r ye>1 & ! o!r be>s heavy crops e ye>4 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,y see ! same ?+ at ! ,exp]im5t ,/ation 9 s\!rn ,cali=nia4 ,"o tree w be absolutely resi/ant to blight2 ! o!r w be all kill$4 ,& d[n at ,:itti]1 p]haps1 sev5-t5?s ( all ! trees w be badly affect$ ) ! bact]iosis1 & ! o!rs n v mu* affect$1 s t1 app>5tly1 x is l>gely a matt] ( ?is cynips1 :i* introduces ! bact]ia1 select+ c]ta9 trees4 ,c]ta9 walnuts are v mu* affect$1 & ! involucre looks v mu* l t ( ^! nuts 7%[+ specim5s71 b1 on exam9+ !m1 ,i f\nd a v l>ge numb] ( small l>vae b5ea? ! involucre4 ,i s5t "s ( !m to ! ,connecticut ,exp]im5t ,/ation & "s to ,wa%+ton1 b !y didn't tell me :at !y 74 ,^? same l>vae ,i f\nd 9 "o black walnut on my place1 :i* is v heavily infe/$ ) !m4 ,mo/ ( ! nuts drop because ( ! injury to ! involucre4 ,i hav5't det]m9$ ! species yet4 ,i don't "k :e!r ! l>vae come fir/ & ! bact]iosis second1 or :e!r x's ! o!r way ar\nd4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,are !re o!r p]sons :o wi% to give !mselves a *ance ( ask+ ,mr4 ,mc,murran a "q8 ,i h a "q t is tr\bl+ me4 ,p]haps ! h\se c ?r[ light ^u x4 ,i _h a numb] ( ,p]sian walnuts1 ,vrooman ,franquette & ,mayette1 graft$ on black1 & by ! ,f\r? ( ,july !y 7 gr[+ nicely1 ) tops all ! way f f\r to tw5ty-f\r in*es long1 & !n ! tip got black & ! blackness w5t d[n4 ,i s5t a sample to ,mr4 ,mc,murran4 ,! leaves fir/ di$ & !n ! twigs4 ,,mr4 ,,mcmurran3 ,i receiv$ t1 b x 0 s dri$ :5 ,i got x x 0 impossible to make any?+ out ( x4 ,i h se5 ! same ?+ on pecans1 only 9 ^? cases ! leaves j got black & fell (f1 & we nev] h be5 able to assign a reason = x4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,am ,i ! only man t has _h t exp]i5ce8 ,a ,,memb]3 ,i _h ?is ye> ! same ?+ on ! ,vrooman ,franquette1 b x recov]$ & has made excell5t gr[? s9ce4 ,,mr4 ,,mcmurran3 ,h y\rs subsequ5tly liv$8 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,no1 !y subsequ5tly di$4 7,laught]47 ,,mr4 ,j4 ,f4 ,,jones3 ,i _h t exp]i5ce ?is summ]4 ,! new gr[? 0 v t5d] & took blight v readily4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,well1 ?is doesn't appe> to be blight4 ,,mr4 ,,jones3 ,if ! ,engli% walnut />ts late & ! t5d] gr[? comes 9 ! hot wea!r1 ! sun w kill x4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,y h describ$ my conditions4 ,^! are late grafts4 ,h y _h t same exp]i5ce ) late grafts & n ) e>ly ones8 ,,mr4 ,,jones3 ,yes1 sir4 ,! blight w %[ itself 9 ! specks on ! twig4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,well1 d y mean on ?is sunburn8 ,,mr4 ,,jones4 ,no1 sir4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,!re 7 no specks 9 ?is case4 ,has any o!r memb] any "q on ! blight8 ,i want to call att5tion to ! fact t we h "h 9 ?is room tonight ne>ly e "o :o is /udy+ ! "q 9 ! ea/]n ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,,mr4 ,,mcmurran3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,i w\ld l to say t we w\ld l to get all ! in=mation we c on x4 ,a ,,memb]3 ,accord+ to my obs]vation1 ! blight is n go+ to d mu* to ! tree1 because ! tree "h makes its gr[? & h>d5s up be=e ! blight comes4 ,! blight1 y see1 mu/ h moi/ure & heat to "w1 b x comes 9 j "r to cat* ! nuts4 ,,mr4 ,r4 ,l4 ,,mccoy3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 "s mighty /range ?+s happ5 ) graft$ & budd$ ,engli% walnuts1 & ,i believe ,i c\ld ask que/ions t w\ld puzzle a s*ool ( wise m54 ,n[1 none ( ! answ]s "h w /& up v well4 ,= in/ance1 ,mr4 ,jones says ?is die+ back is due to late graft+4 ,well1 ,i _h "s ,hold5s t we budd$ ?is la/ ,june a ye> ago1 t sudd5ly1 all at once1 along 9 ,july ?is ye>1 proce$$ to quit bus9ess1 & quit cle> d[n1 & ! root di$1 too1 ! black walnut root4 ,x is a s]i\s "q 9 my m9d :e!r ! black is ! be/ /ock to be us$ or n4 ,mr4 ,jones & ,mr4 ,re$ h good success graft+ ! ,engli% on ! black4 ,we don't d[n our way4 ,bo? ( ^? m5 are 9 regions :]e ! l& is incl9$ to be alkali4 ,! l& :]e my or*>d is1 & :]e ,mr4 ,littlepage's & ,mr4 ,wilk9son's or*>ds are1 is incl9$ to be acid4 ,i am ( ! op9ion t1 to make a success ( ! ,engli% walnut1 we are go+ to h to use lime1 & use x ext5sively1 n only 9 ! nurs]y1 b until ! "t :5 ! trees beg9 to be>4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,x is "o ( ! common pieces ( k ( all ! agriculturi/s ( ,france t ! walnut does well on lime soils1 & !y don't expect x to d well on acid soils4 ,,mr4 ,,jones3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,i ?9k1 if ,mr4 ,mc,coy w exam9e 8 trees1 he w f9d t ! root dies fir/4 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,well1 :y %\ld !y rot8 ,,mr4 ,,jones3 ,t is l a good _m o!r ?+s1 ,mr4 ,mc,coy4 ,we don't "k :y4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,a pecan top-work$ on a wat] hickory w sometimes kill ! :ole tree1 top & all4 ,x is ! top t does x4 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,?is ye> we made "s obs]vations ( diff]5t v>ieties1 z to "t ( leaf+ out1 & we f\nd ! ,ea/]n v>ieties leaf$ out ab\t ! fir/ ( ,april1 & ! ,franquette & ,mayette ab\t ! fif? ( ,may1 & "o v>iety we got f ! ,dep>tm5t1 ,no4 #ci1hhd1 didn't leaf out until ! tw5ty-fif? ( ,may4 ,t seem$ to indicate t ! ,fr5* v>ieties 7 go+ to prove bett] ?an ! ,ea/]n v>ieties1 because late fro/s _c hurt ! blossoms4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,t is correct4 ,i wat*$ !m ?is spr+ at ,mr4 ,mc,coy's4 ,franquette & ,mayette1 ov] !re & ) u1 7 any:]e f t5 days to two weeks lat] leaf+ out4 ,"s ( ! buds 7 entirely dormant & "s j bur/+ :5 _m ( our ,ea/]n v>ieties 7 9 full leaf4 ,b my exp]i5ce "h 9 ,m>yl& on walnut trees f all sections 0 t e "o w9t]-kill$ except "o ,nebo tree & a top-work$ ,potomac4 ,i h a ,potomac :i* has made t5 to twelve feet ( gr[?1 & x didn't w9t]-kill ! slighte/1 & my ,nebo tree hasn't w9t]-kill$ any1 b ! ,franquette1 ! ,meylan1 ! ,ru%1 ! ,hold51 & sev]al o!rs w9t]-kill$ v badly4 ,at lea/1 ,mr4 ,mc,murran said t 0 :at x 01 & ,i ?\ght x 01 too4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,well1 ,mr4 ,littlepage1 isn't w9t]-kill+ r a relative t]m1 dep5d5t p>tly ^u ! climate & p>tly ^u ! condition ( ! tree at ! end ( ! gr[+ season8 ,0 !re any?+ back ( y\r /atem5t1 any late gr[+1 or some?+ ( t sort8 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,well1 !y didn't gr[ any lat] ?an ! ,potomac grew1 b t tree 0 top-work$ ab\t five or six feet above ! gr\nd & ,i ?9k t makes !m h>di]4 ,a ,,memb]3 ,7 ! w9t]-kill$ trees cultivat$ late8 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,yes2 & f]tiliz$ heavily4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,hav5't y answ]$ y\r own "q8 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,well1 ,i won't gr[ trees if !y d n gr[ bett] ?an t4 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,mr4 ,littlepage may ?9k he has answ]$ ?is "q1 & ^! o!r g5tlem5 may ?9k !y h answ]$ x 9 a diff]5t way1 b !re are "s r peculi> ph5om5a !re4 ,i don't "q ! s9c]ity ( ^! g5tlem51 b ,i don't ?9k !y h answ]$ ! "q4 ,:5ev] y transplant ^! trees & :5ev] y get to gr[+ !m 9 big quantities1 y w h c]ta9 peculi> ph5om5a t y are n c]ta9 at fir/ z to j :at is ! cause4 ,mr4 ,:ite is j z ne> "r :5 he says !y kill 9 ,july z ,mr4 ,littlepage :5 he says !y w9t]-kill 9 ,decemb]4 ,& ,i w j say to p :o buy walnut trees f our firm t :5 !y transplant !m "u ! same conditions z ,mr4 ,littlepage1 !y may expect simil> results4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,i h nev] se5 a nor!rn pecan w9t]-kill4 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,oh1 ,i h4 ,,mr4 ,,mcmurran3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ?is t]m w9t]-kill+ is a little bit mislead+1 & x has be5 a matt] ( discussion 9 ! ,national ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association = sev]al ye>s & a great loss to _m ,s\!rn pecan gr[]s4 ,a v common /atem5t t "o he>s d[n !re is ,:y1 our trees don't w9t]-kill4 ,we don't h cold sev]e en\gh to kill !m4 ,b !y d4 ,x isn't a "q ( sev]ity ( cold1 b sudd5ness ( *ange4 ,= in/ance1 9 s\!rn ,georgia "o ye>1 we _h a ra9y p]iod 9 ,octob]2 ab\t ,novemb] #bj? !re 0 a h>d freeze4 ,a numb] ( or*>ds :i* _h be5 f]tiliz$ late 9 ! fall 7 almo/ wip$ out4 ,if x 7 n due to ! fact t ! t]m is too long1 & we c\ld say damage due to sudd5 temp]ature *ange1 x w\ld convey ! idea exactly4 ,i saw trees injur$ 9 ! fall ( #aiad t didn't die until ,septemb] ( ! foll[+ ye>1 & ,i h a numb] ( photographs 9 my (fice4 ,,dr4 ,,/abl]3 ,i believe1 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 t ! /imulation ( gr[? late 9 ! season has a great deal to d ) ! w9t]-kill+ ( trees & o!r plants4 ,i h notic$ x 9 clov] & alfalfa1 & ,i h notic$ x 9 pea* trees4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i ?9k ,dr4 ,/abl] has /at$ a v well-kn[n pr9ciple1 n only ( horticulture1 b also ( agriculture4 ,la/ ye> we que/ion$ ,mr4 ,w4 ,c4 ,re$ z to ! condition ( a c]ta9 top-work$1 heavily =c$1 black-walnut we _h se5 ! ye> be=e at ,v9c5nes4 ,we 7 confirm$ 9 our belief t ! tree 0 dead1 b t ano!r tree budd$ at ! same "t ) ! same bud-wood & n =c$1 liv$4 ,we _h a dry summ] t ye>1 a wet fall1 tw5ty degrees bel[ z]o at ,*ri/mas1 dead apple trees4 ,i suspect t ,mr4 ,littlepage has a problem 9 ! balance ( tillage & top-work+4 ,,dr4 ,,/abl]3 ,i ?9k if he visits 8 neighbor1 ,pr(essor ,waite1 he w f9d out h[ to manage trees s !y won't w9t]-kill1 because he kn[s h[ to fix x4 7,laught]47 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,i treat$ ! trees j l ! pecan4 ,i h nev] se5 x possible yet to ov]-/imulate a pecan & w9t]-kill x4 ,i don't say x isn't possible1 b ,i h nev] se5 x4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i c %[ y a few4 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 we h t condition 9 ! nurs]y r[4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,well1 ^? are graft$1 are !y n8 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,grafts & buds1 bo?4 ,,dr4 ,,morris3 ,9 reg>d to ! graft+ ( ! ,p]sian walnut ^u black walnut /ock4 ,9 ,connecticut1 we h ?ree species ( mice--! common field m\se1 ! p9e m\se1 & ! :ite-foot$ m\se4 ,^! mice all foll[ 9 ! holes ( ! moles1 & !y are v fond ( ! b>k ( ! ,p]sian walnut1 & w de/roy a good _m ( !m4 ,n[1 ) ! black walnut1 on ! o!r h&1 :5 "o ( ^! mice comes along & takes a bite ( t1 he %uts "o eye1 cleans 8 tee?1 & !n goes on to some?+ else4 7,laught]47 ,n[1 9 our c\ntry ! soil is practically all acid4 ,! black walnut w gr[ 9 pretty acid soil4 ,! ,p]sian walnut almo/ dem&s a neutral or alkal9e soil4 ,s1 = ,connecticut !re is no d\bt t we really ne$ ! black walnut /ock = ! ,p]sian walnut4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,any fur!r problems t are vex+ ! or*>di/ ) reg>d to ! ,p]sian walnut8 ,if n1 ,i ?9k ?is is a suitable "t to bury x until next ye>4 ,col4 ,van ,duzee1 a man :o has _h m exp]i5ce ) ! pecan ?an almo/ any "o else 9 ! room1 has k9dly cons5t$ to make 8 contribution at ?is "t4 ,col4 ,van ,duzee4 ,,col4 ,,van ,,duzee3 ,!re is a long+ on ! "p ( a l>ge p]c5tage ( m5 & wom5 t ,i meet to escape f conditions :i* d n seem to be especially favorable 9 ! l>ge cities1 & to get away into ! safety ( ! c\ntry4 ,i believe t nut tree gr[+ (f]s "o ( ! safe/ ( ^? outlets4 ,i believe t a nut or*>d %\ld be a "p ( a g5]al f>m+ op]ation4 ,i want to give y my ideas ab\t int]-crops4 ,fifte5 ye>s ago ! doctors gave me ?ree mon?s to live1 drove me out ( my bus9ess1 & away f my home to prolong ! agony = a few weeks or mon?s1 & ,i f\nd1 among my or*>d trees1 a reasonable am\nt ( heal? :i*1 to me1 repays a great] value ?an ,i c\ld reckon 9 doll>s & c5ts4 ,x has giv5 me ! privilege & ! opportunity ( remov+ myself f ! turmoil ( ! city & ! conflict ( ! bus9ess _w to a peaceful1 quiet exi/5ce1 t1 to me1 is v mu* m satisfactory4 ,n[1 t is an int]-crop4 ,d[n 9 ,florida1 :5 we us$ to get toge!r 9 our citrus sem9>s & 9 our horticultural & agricultural meet+s we us$ to try & make a man say on :at class ( soil 8 home or or*>d 0 locat$1 s t we might get 8 viewpo9t4 ,= ! successful nut or*>di/1 9 a small way1 mu/1 ( necessity1 be a successful agriculturi/4 ,he mu/ und]/& soils4 ,y c't h successful int]-cropp+ )\t und]/&+ soils1 &1 !re=e1 ,i c't tell y def9itely :at w\ld be good = y\r nor!rn soils4 ,b ,i c tell y ?is1 t ! fir/ ?+ to d :5 y h an or*>d problem to consid] is to make an exhau/ive survey ( ! "* ( ! soil4 ,if x is a fre%1 rec5tly cle>$ piece ( f]tile soil1 "u favorable conditions1 ,i am satisfi$ y don't ne$ v mu* 9 ! way ( int]-cropp+4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if y select = y\r or*>d site a piece ( l& t has be5 work$ to dea?1 ,i believe x w\ld be well to inaugurate a sy/em ( int]-cropp+ t w\ld h = its object ! build+ up ( t soil & ! improvem5t ( ! environm5t = ! roots ( ^? trees4 ,9 ! ,s\?1 we are favor$ ) twelve mon?s ( gr[+ wea!r4 ,we plant our crops ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,i am j ab\t beg9n+ n[ to pl[ = my oat plant+4 ,i am go+ to pa/ure ^? oats all w9t] ) hogs & cattle4 ,we w h>ve/ our oats 9 ,may4 ,we !n foll[ !m ) a legume :i* w re/ore ! f]tility to t soil4 ,9 ! pres5t condition ( ! m>ket = comm]cial f]tiliz]s1 ,i believe we h gone beyond ! po9t :]e any man c af=d to use comm]cial f]tiliz]s to any great ext5t on ord9>y crops4 ,i believe x is possible to g too f> 9 ! /imulation ( a gr[+ or*>d4 ,my op9ion is t a s]ies ( int]-crops t results ev5tually 9 a l>ge deposit ( nitrog51 su* z we get f sev]al legum9\s crops pl[$ "u1 w h a t5d5cy to br+ t or*>d into a condition--,i am speak+ n[1 y und]/&1 ( ! pecan---:]e x w be susceptible to disease & w9t]-kill+4 ,if y h foll[$ me z f> z ,i h gone 9 ?is1 y w beg9 to see at once t ! m5 :o are go+ to be successful 9 solv+ ^! problems are ! m5 :o are go+ to le>n ! game4 ,among ! human family1 y "k1 we h a /ock phrase t we use sometimes :5 a man dies & we don't und]/& ! cause ( 8 dea?4 ,we say ,he di$ ( he>t failure4 ,t is a conv5i5t ?+ to hide beh9d4 ,w9t]-kill+1 to my m9d1 is ano!r su* t]m4 ,x is us$1 = in/ance1 9 a case :]e an individual tree1 = "s reason or o!r n q und]/ood1 pass$ away4 7,laught]47 ,i h be5 fifte5 ye>s 9 ! gr[+ ( pecan trees 9 ! ,s\?1 & ,i am free to confess t ! mo/ di/urb+ elem5t 9 my life at ! pres5t "t is ! fact t we h kn[n s _m ?+s t w]5't true4 ,we h gone ahead fully believ+ t our c\rse 0 ju/ifi$1 t x 0 well dige/$1 desirable 9 e way1 & sudd5ly wak$ up to f9d t we 7 radically wrong1 or1 at lea/1 t !re 0 a v op5 "q z to :e!r we 7 n absolutely wrong4 ,to ! p]son ( limit$ means ! idea ( be+ able to produce a nut or*>d at v little exp5se is v attractive1 & my he>t goes out to p 9 t condition because ,i h be5 9 t condition myself & pass$ ?r\gh x4 ,t5 ye>s ago ,i b\ght a piece ( l& = =ty doll>s an acre1 & plant$ sev5te5 pecan trees on ea* acre4 ,x co/ me tw5ty-five doll>s an acre to lay (f ! l&1 dig ! holes1 & plant ! trees nicely1 ) ab\t a half p\nd ( bone meal mix$ 9 ! soil 9 ea* hole4 ,i c>ri$ t nut or*>d on1 us+ "s int]-crops1 up to "o ye> ago1 :5 x f9i%$ its eigh? ye> ( gr[?1 &1 )\t burd5+ y ) ! m9ute figures1 ,i am go+ to say we h sixty-five doll>s *>g$ up to x1 & x w take #ahe m4 ,n[1 !re is #bej1 if ,i hav5't made any mi/ake4 ,i plant$ among ^? trees nurs]y /ock1 & ,i sold (f1 dur+ ! "t t ^? trees 7 gr[+1 nurs]y /ock to ! value (1 we w say1 #bej1 mak+ my int]-crops pay ! exp5se ( cultivation & int]e/ on ! inve/m5t up to t "t4 ,s don't =get t4 ,n[1 ?is is a case :]e we are go+ to balance our books1 z e bus9ess man does1 & e f>m] ought to4 ,i h1 up to ! "t ^? trees 7 eight ye>s ( age1 inve/$ approximately #bej1 & h receiv$ back n only t1 b ! int]e/ on ! inve/m5t4 ,s1 at eight ye>s ( age ! or*>d co/ me no?+4 ,n[1 t w\ld be ! way a great _m p w\ld figure t proposition4 ,i c't d x t way4 ,i am go+ to *>ge t or*>d ) #bej an acre = sup]vision4 ,n[1 above t l9e 7indicat+ on black-bo>d7 x looks z ?\gh t or*>d _h be5 built up = no?+1 & bel[ ! l9e y see a debit ( #bej *>g$ aga9/ t or*>d4 ,!re is n "o man 9 a hundr$ t contemplates a proposition ( ?is k9d t is will+ to *>ge 8 or*>d up ) ! gray matt] t he puts into x4 ,b !re 0 an int]-crop 9 t or*>d1 ( heal? & satisfaction1 :i* is wor? m to me ?an my s]vices1 s ,i w put t 9 "h z #bej4 7,laught] & applause47 ,n[1 ,i walk$ across ?is morn+--,i l to walk1 & ,i came across ! p>k4 ,i saw a monum5t "r ov] "h 9 a little iron circul> enclosure1 erect$ 9 honor ( ,&rew ,jackson ,donald1 a man :o di$ sev]al ye>s ago1 ! man :o 0 p>tly responsible = ! magnific5t l&scape g>d5+ effect ( :i* ?is build+ is a "p4 ,x said on ! monum5t ?is3 ,8 life 0 devot$ to ! improvem5t ( ! national ta/e 9 rural art4 ,d[n bel[ x said3 ,8 m9d 0 s+ul>ly j1 p5etrat+ & orig9al4 ,any man ought to be pr\d to h t sort ( ?+ engrav$ ^u 8 monum5t1 &1 g5tlem51 any man :o w g out & plant nut trees l ^? y saw ?is aft]noon1 ought to h a monum5t "u ^? trees express+ s5tim5ts simil> to ^!1 because he has done some?+ :i* rema9s aft] him1 & x is "o ( ! mo/ wor?-:ile ?+s t any human be+ c d4 ,t is "o ( ! o!r valuable ?+s ab\t a nut or*>d4 ,n[1 ?is nut or*>d--?is is no my?--?is is a practical proposition4 ,i 0 practically bankrupt :5 ,i w5t !re4 ,x is pay+ n[ 9 a small way1 & w pay m lat] on1 & ,i am go+ to leave x to my *ildr5 z "o ( ! safe/ & sane/ inve/m5ts t ,i c\ld leave !m1 & ,i want to say1 ladies & g5tlem51 t ! consci\sness ( possess+ some?+ ( t sort1 :i* c't be /ol51 c't run away1 is ano!r int]-crop t is gr[n among ^? trees4 ,i sometimes tell a /ory ( a little two-horse f>m d[n 9 ! ,s\?4 ,i drove f\rte5 miles out into ! wild]ness to f9d "s se$ nuts to plant ?is nurs]y ) ye>s ago4 ,i f\nd !re an old home :i* 0 ! c5tral home ( a l>ge plantation 9 days gone by1 & !re 7 half a doz5--p]haps sev5 or eight--magnific5t1 great pecan trees ab\t ! lot1 & a vegetable g>d5 at ! back ( ! home4 ,^? trees 7 load$ ) nuts4 ,!re 0 a "y man !re--"o ( ! mo/ pitiful ?+s t ,i ev] saw 9 my life--a f9e "y man--magnific5t "*1 & rec5tly m>ri$1 mak+ 8 home 9 ?is old tumble-d[n h\se1 mak+ 8 />t 9 ! _w !re4 ,he didn't own ?is l&--r5t$ ?is fifty or sixty acres ( op5 l&1 & ^! trees w5t ) ! two-horse f>m4 ,i said1 ,my fri5d1 y mu/ receive q a little income f ^? nuts4 ,yes1 he said1 ,i sell ! nuts f ^? trees e ye>1 = m money ?an ,i make f ! two-horse f>m4 ,i he>d ( ano!r case d[n 9 nor? ,florida :]e two girls 7 left absolutely dep5d5t ^u _! own ex]tions1 & !y 7 girls :o _h be5 re>$1 z "s ( ! ,s\!rn ladies h be5 re>$1 to be dep5d5t on o!rs4 ,!y didn't "k h[ to g & fight ! _w = a place4 ,!y 7 a little too f> along1 p]haps1 to take up t sort ( battle4 ,!re 7 two pecan trees 9 front ( t old home/ead1 & ! old home/ead 0 all t 0 left ( ! family =tune4 ,x 0 furni%$1 _h a c[ 9 ! back y>d1 & a g>d51 & a few ,scupp]nong grape v9es4 ,^! two pecan trees 9 ! front y>d gave ^? two wom5 approximately ?ree hundr$ doll>s wor? ( nuts p] annum4 ,!y 7 magnific5t1 great1 big pecan trees1 & !y liv$ f !m ! balance ( _! lives practically1 ) ! help ( ! o!r ?+s ,i h m5tion$4 ,int]-crops are no?+ m nor less ?an ! evid5ces ( ! ma/] m9d direct+ ! problem ( h&l+ ! soil 9 :i* ! or*>d is gr[+4 ,n[1 j simply g "r d[n deep "u ev]y?+1 pay absolutely no att5tion to ! wond]ful /ories t ! promot]s tell y 7laught]71 keep y\r money1 save x1 use x1 & sp5d x--yes1 b recognize ?is "o ?+1 t ! mo/ important elem5t 9 success 9 ! small or*>d1 z "p ( ! rural or suburban home1 is a k ( agriculture & horticulture4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ fasc9at+ /udies 9 ! _w1 & ,i h no d\bt b :at y w f9d t y c g "r along int]-cropp+ ) vegetables & o!r crops1 bu% fruits1 /rawb]ries1 & all ^? ?+s = ! fir/ few ye>s aft] y plant y\r nut trees1 & ev5 if !y all die y w h be5 able to break ev5 on ! comm]cial side ( ! proposition1 & !n y w h ! additional ye>s ( exp]i5ce1 :i* no nut or*>di/ c disp5se )4 ,y c't buy x ) money or get x out ( books4 ,y h got to dig x out ( ! gr\nd y\rself4 7,applause47 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i am go+ to take ! lib]ty ( emphasiz+ "o po9t ! ,colonel made4 ,he told y ab\t ! great numb] ( ?+s !y knew d[n ,s\? t 7 n s4 ,i wi% to give "s geographical spread to 8 g5]alities4 ,we are 9 ! same condition 9 ! ,nor?4 ,if y w /op & look cle> ?r\gh an agricultural idea1 y w be a/oni%$1 ladies & g5tlem51 absolutely a/oni%$1 to see h[1 mo/ly1 we don't "k x4 ,! o!r day ,i happ5$ to be walk+ ?r\gh an apple or*>d ) ! (ficial horticulturi/1 & 9 response to "s rem>k he made ,i ask$3 ,d y "k t1 or d y ?9k x8 ,has t be5 exp]im5tally prov58 ,he answ]$3 ,no1 x has n4 ,mo/ ( ! ?+s we read 9 ! books & he> 9 ?is place & o!r places we don't "k4 ,we ?9k we "k1 b :5 we come to a %[-d[n we really hav5't got exp]im5tal data4 ,i "k ( no p to :om t ?+ ne$s to be emphasiz$ m ?an to ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association4 ,,saturday1 ,,septemb] #i,,?1 ,,at #aj4cj ,a4 ,m4 ,meet+ call$ to ord] by ! ,presid5t4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,! fir/ ord] ( bus9ess1 ,i believe1 w be ! report ( ! ,nom9at+ ,committee4 ,,! ,,secret>y3 ,! report ( ! ,nom9at+ ,committee is ! foll[+3 ,= ,presid5t1 ,w4 ,c4 ,re$1 ,v9c5nes1 ,indiana2 ,vice-,presid5t1 ,w4 ,n4 ,hutt1 ,raleigh1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a2 ,secret>y-,treasur]1 ,dr4 ,w4 ,c4 ,dem+1 ,georget[n1 ,connecticut4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,i move t ! report ( ?is ,nom9at+ ,committee be accept$ & adopt$1 & ^! (fic]s decl>$ elect$4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,d ,i he> a second8 ,a ,,memb]3 ,second ! motion4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,! nom9ation ( ?is li/ is mov$ & second$4 ,is !re any discussion8 ,if n1 all ^? 9 favor w say aye2 oppos$1 l sign1 x is c>ri$1 & !y are elect$4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,:ile ,i am on ! floor1 ,i want to read a resolution :i* ,i h draft$1 & ,i w read ! clauses sep>ately3 ,ow+ to ! fatal "*1 ! un*eck$ & rapid spread ( ! *e/nut blight1 is !re any "q ab\t t8 ,if t is n true1 let somebody hold up 8 h&4 ,ow+ to ! fact t x has be5 widely dissem9at$ ?r\gh ! %ipm5t ( nurs]y /ock2 is t correct8 ,ow+ to ! fact t 9 ! fir/ /ages ! disease _c be easily detect$2 is t true8 ,ow+ to ! fact t ! "y trees app>5tly h a tempor>y immunity f ! disease2 ,!re=e1 ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association believes t ! cont9u$ free %ipm5t ( *e/nut nurs]y /ock w be productive ( endless de/ruction ( prop]ty 9 ^? places :]e ! *e/nut trees hav5't yet ! disease4 ,if t is uns\nd1 :y1 somebody say s4 ,!re=e1 be x resolv$1 t we1 ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association1 sugge/ t ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture prohibit ! %ipm5t ( *e/nut nurs]y /ock1 except 9 ! localities kn[n to h ! blight1 & t ) ea* p]mit = %ipm5t %all g a bullet9 or circul> giv+ ! important facts ab\t ! *e/nut blight4 ,! only exception to ?is regulation %all be ! %ipm5ts = exp]im5tal purposes1 & su* %ipm5ts mu/ h ! above m5tion$ p]mit1 & ! "n ( ! nurs]y f :i* su* trees h come1 & mu/ be inspect$ by ,f$]al inspectors4 ,i assume1 ( c\rse1 t inspection is a g5]al inspection4 ,i don't mean ea* p>ticul> %ipm5t4 ,if !re are any que/ions ab\t t1 :y1 ,i w let ! *air answ] !m4 ,,dr4 ,,ulman3 ,mr4 ,littlepage1 ,i w\ld l to ask a "q1 or1 r1 (f] a criticism4 ,if ,i und]/& y rightly1 y say1 except 9 ! di/ricts :]e blight is preval5t4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 sir1 ! p>ticul> nurs]y t adv]tises ! *e/nut tree works )9 a radius ( possibly #bej miles ( ,ro*e/]1 9 a di/rict :]e !re are _m prospective horticulturi/s4 ,"o ( ! ?+s t impress$ me m ?an any?+ else 9 ! report ( ! ,secret>y 0 ! fact t we h lo/ a l>ge numb] ( memb]s1 & t we hav5't attract$ to ourselves _m new memb]s4 ,s f> z my p]sonal exp]i5ce goes1 if ,i 7 to *oose ! "o me?od ( be+ mo/ ?or\ghly dislik$1 x w\ld be to ask my neighbors1 p>ticul>ly ^? :o d n "k me1 to become memb]s ( any k9d ( a nut association4 ,!re is a glam\r ab\t plant+1 & x is a sort ( a disease ) "s p1 ye> aft] ye>1 to seek = novelties4 ,^! nut tree adv]tisem5ts t read s well attract _m pur*as]s4 ,"r "h 9 ?is section p are buy+ nut trees t !y are go+ to plant 9 a blight$ di/rict1 & ^! p1 :5 !y see :at utt] failures !y h1 w be s disgu/$ ) nut gr[+ t :5 y approa* !m y _c talk nuts to !m1 & y w nev] h !m jo9 ! ,association4 ,m & m are leav+ ! ,association1 & v few new ones are com+ 9 to take _! places4 ,s ,i ?9k ! resolution ought to be *ang$4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,9 :at respect w\ld y h x *ang$8 ,,dr4 ,,ulman3 ,to apply g5]ally4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,yes4 ,well1 ,i agree v l>gely ) :at ! doctor says4 ,i h always felt t ! success ( ?is organization--! success ( ! nut indu/ry z a :ole--dep5d$ ^u its be+ ^u an entirely tru?ful1 fair & hone/ basis4 ,i w\ld r see a crook$ ca%i] 9 a bank ?an a crook$ nurs]yman or tree man4 ,! ca%i] y c *eck up at #d3cj e aft]noon2 y c't *eck up ! crook$ tree man = ab\t t5 ye>s4 ,i ?9k ! wor/ ( all disc\rag+ ?+s to p :o want to g to ! c\ntry to build up f>ms & homes is to run into allur+1 b mislead+1 adv]tisem5ts4 ,i h an ab\nd+ fai? 9 tree culture4 ,i ?9k t ! pecan tree1 ! black walnut1 v>ieties ( ! ,engli% walnut & ( a numb] ( o!r nut trees1 are go+ to make x mo/ possible & m desirable = m5 to g to ! c\ntry1 b ,i ?9k ! success ( ^? ?+s dep5ds ^u giv+ ^? p1 z f> z possible1 facts1 & n mislead+ !m4 ,:]ev] a man sets a tree t is a failure y h a man z a failure g5]ally z a tree man1 & :]ev] y get a man to set a tree t succe$s1 y h a liv+1 walk+ advocate ( ! tree bus9ess4 ,?is ,association has be5 =tunate all along 9 its policies4 ,x has always /ood aga9/ ! fraudul5t promotions2 x has always /ood aga9/ fraudul5t nurs]y /ock2 x has always /ood aga9/ fraudul5t repres5tations1 & ,i ?9k1 = t reason1 t its future is reasonably safe1 assum+ t is its cont9u$ policy4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,d y accept ,dr4 ,ulman's am5dm5t8 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,i accept x4 ,,mr4 ,,jones3 ,z ,i und]/& ! resolution1 x applies to nurs]ies 9 ! infect$ areas4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,yes4 ,,mr4 ,,jones3 ,i believe x is practically impossible to gr[ trees 9 an infect$ area )\t s5d+ out ! blight1 b if a man is isolat$1 l ,mr4 ,riehl1 at ,alton1 ,ill9ois1 he c gr[ trees )\t dang] ( s5d+ out ! blight4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,well1 ! resolution p]mits him to d t4 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,did ,i und]/& ,mr4 ,kell]man to say ! ,dep>tm5t hasn't au?ority to qu>ant9e aga9/ su* ?+s8 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,no4 ,! po9t br\ght up 0 ! !ory t lay back ( ! qu>ant9e4 ,! speak] made ! po9t t %ipm5t ( infect$ trees 0 kill+ ! tree aspirations ( ! p :o ought to be develop+ ! nut indu/ry4 ,e "t a man buys a *e/nut tree & x dies ) blight t man is *ill$ out ( bus9ess4 ,n[ ?is resolution doesn't cov] t man4 ,x is bas$ on ! gr\nd ( injury to ! indu/ry4 ,y c't v well def9e ! limits ( :]e ! blight is n1 b x c be fairly well def9$ z to :]e x is1 & t is up to ! ,dep>tm5t4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,! resolutions are (f]$ 9 a sugge/ive way1 ,mr4 ,presid5t4 ,if ! ,secret>y wants to turn ! sugge/ion d[n1 we w meet aga9 next ye> any way4 ,,pr(4 ,,close3 ,i w\ld l "s in=mation z to h[ y propose to take ?is matt] up ) ! ,dep>tm5t4 ,i 0 pres5t a ye> or s ago at a he>+ be=e ! ,f$]al ,horticultural ,bo>d--,i don't "k :e!r any "o else pres5t 0 !re at ! "t--b ! :ole ?+ h+$ l>gely on ,colonel ,sob]'s attitude 9 propagat+ & s5d+ out ! ,p>agon *e/nut1 & ,i ?9k ! ,dep>tm5t--! ,f$]al ,horticultural ,bo>d--orig9at$ ! "q t y are discuss+ n[1 & ,colonel ,sob] came !re ) a :ole lot ( pretty good in=mation1 & p to back up :at he said1 & ! ,dep>tm5t put up a mighty poor %[1 ,i tell y4 ,i 0 a%am$ ( :at ! ,dep>tm5t m5 _h to say1 & ,colonel ,sob] won out h&s d[n4 ,n[1 if ?is "q comes up aga91 x w be ref]r$1 no d\bt1 to ! ,f$]al ,horticultural ,bo>d1 & y w ne$ a good1 /rong repres5tation1 ) pl5ty ( facts back ( y1 & if y c put up a /rong en\gh case !re is no d\bt b :at y c e/abli% ?is qu>ant9e4 ,b ,i w\ld hate to see ! "q tak5 up aga9 & floor$ z easily z x 0 at t "t4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,pr(4 ,close1 ,i h read "p ( ! te/imony4--,i 0 n pres5t at ! meet+--& :5 "o consid]s ! numb] ( ?+s t 7 said at t meet+ t are n s1 & ! am\nt ( o!r evid5ce t has come up s9ce1 ,i ?9k ! def5d]s ( ! public w h ! mat]ial to make a mu* /rong] pres5tation ?an !y did !n1 &1 :at is m1 ,i ?9k "s ( !m w be !re4 ,( c\rse1 :5 a man has a possibility ( gett+ a qu>t] ( a million doll>s out ( a lot ( junk1 he c sp5d money to hire p to say ?+s1 & :5 ! de> public is pay+ nobody to g1 z 0 ! case la/ "t1 nobody goes4 ,if t he>+ comes aga91 ,i ?9k "s f ?is ,association w be pres5t4 ,,pr(4 ,,close3 ,t is j ! po9t ,i want to br+ up4 ,y h got to be !re ) ! in=mation4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,i j want to say a ^w1 r endors+ :at ,pr(essor ,close has _h to say4 ,! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 ! qu>ant9e bo>d1 or anybody else1 c't g out ( _! limitations & get te/imony4 ,if we ?9k !re ought to be a qu>ant9e1 !n1 :5ev] !re is a public invitation s5t out1 su* z 0 s5t out be=e1 we ought to h ! n]ve to g d[n !re be=e ! ,dep>tm5t (ficials & tell !m ! tru?4 ,x is v easy = u to /& up "h & write pap]s & articles criticis+ ! qu>ant9e bo>d & ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture4 ,if we h any?+ to say ab\t ^! ?+s we ought to g d[n !re & say x4 ,if o!r p come !re & pres5t facts z a matt] ( record1 ! ,bo>d c't entirely g outside ( ^? facts & decide a case "r out ( ! cle> sky4 ,if ?is organization wants to be effective1 x ought to appo9t a committee to pres5t ^? ?+s be=e t ,bo>d4 ,resolution adopt$4 ,,! ,,secret>y3 ,i h _h 9 m9d "s "t ! idea involv$ 9 ?is resolution1 :i* ,i h ha/ily drawn up4 ,s9ce ! pr9ciples und]ly+ ! successful & economical propagation ( nut trees are n yet ?or\ghly und]/ood or g5]ally kn[n1 & mu* ef=t is be+ wa/$ & mu* disappo9tm5t incurr$ 9 unsuccessful or p>tially successful ef=ts 9 propagation4 ,resolv$1 t x is ! s5se ( ?is meet+ t sy/ematic & controll$ exp]im5ts be made1 "u ! direction ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 = ! purpose ( det]m9+ ! pr9ciples und]ly+ ! successful propagation ( nut trees 9 all sections ( ! c\ntry4 ,,dr4 ,,ulman3 ,second t motion4 7,c>ri$47 ,,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$3 ,i w\ld l to pres5t an invitation to meet at ,battle ,creek4 ,,mr4 ,,rop]3 ,pet]sburg invites u to meet at ,pet]sburg4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,^? matt]s are settl$ by ! ,executive ,committee4 ,,mr4 ,t4 ,p4 ,,littlepage3 ,w\ld x n be well1 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 to det]m9e ^u a meet+ place n[1 & let x be kn[n1 s t ev]ybody c prep>e = x8 ,be+ a memb] ( ! ,executive ,committee1 ,i w\ld pref] myself t ! ,association take ! responsibility = decid+ ! meet+ place4 ,if ^! meet+ places are select$ 9 advance1 x makes x possible = a good _m p to plan _! vacation trips to fit 94 ,9 ord] to get ! matt] be=e ! ,association1 ,i move t ! ,society det]m9e "r n[ ! next meet+ place4 7,second$47 ,,mr4 ,,olcott3 ,i ?9k ,mr4 ,littlepage's motion is ( m ?an ord9>y importance4 ,! ,association1 h]et(ore1 has left t matt]1 v prop]ly1 p]haps1 to ! ,executive ,committee4 ,! result is t little or no att5tion is giv5 to ! place ( meet+ until ?irty or n9ety days be=e ! date ( t meet+4 ,x w\ld be v mu* bett] if we knew sev]al mon?s ahead ab\t ! meet+1 & ,i ?9k we w\ld h a l>g] att5dance & m en?usiasm4 ,! ,am]ican ,association ( ,nurs]ym5 names ! date at ! "t ( _! meet+ = ! foll[+ meet+1 & mo/ o!r organizations d ! same1 & ! results are q p]ceptible4 7,motion c>ri$47 ,,! ,,secret>y3 ,we h an invitation f ! ,evansville ,*amb] ( ,comm]ce1 "o f ! ,san ,francisco ,conv5tion ,league1 to meet at ,san ,francisco1 "o f ,se>s1 ,roebuck ,company1 to meet 9 ,*icago1 & enjoy a lun*eon at _! exp5se & a trip ?r\gh _! plant2 "o f ,dr4 ,morris to meet at 8 place1 or to meet at ,/am=d & sp5d z mu* "t z possible on 8 place4 ,we c\ld meet 9 ,new ,york ,city & visit ,dr4 ,morris' place v com=tably4 ,we h an invitation f ,pet]sburg1 ,va42 "o to meet ) ,dr4 ,kellogg1 at ,battle ,creek1 ,mi*41 & "o f ,mr4 ,ru% to meet at ,lanca/]1 ,pa4 ,we h _h "u consid]ation a proposition to meet some:]e 9 ! ,s\?1 possibly ) ! ,s\!rn ,nut ,gr[]s4 ,^? are all ! invitations t ,i "k (4 ,,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$3 ,may ,i make a rem>k "r "h8 ,x seems to me t be=e we decide on ! place ( meet+ we ought to take into consid]ation :at we are go+ to any ( ^! places to accompli%1 & ! "t ( ye> t we want to g !re4 ,n[1 if we g to ,lanca/]1 or to almo/ any ( ^! o!r places1 we ought to h a summ] meet+ :5 we c g out & see ! trees1 b if we g up to ,battle ,creek we c\ld j z well g !re 9 ! w9t] "t4 ,! purpose ( go+ !re1 z ,i und]/& x1 w\ld be to lay emphasis on ! subject ( nuts = food4 ,:e!r we want to take our "t n[ = a meet+1 to emphasize t1 or :e!r we want to see nut trees gr[+ & discuss cultural problems1 is a "q to be decid$4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,9 ! abs5ce ( a def9ite me?od ( proc$ure on ?is "q1 :i* we nev] be=e h&l$ 9 ?is way1 ! *air is entirely will+ to receive in/ructions1 b ,i sugge/ t we h a ris+ vote = "o place aft] ano!r1 & t ! place receiv+ ! greate/ numb] ( votes gets ! conv5tion4 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,we h se5 trees 9 nurs]ies = sev]al ye>s1 & ,i ?9k t n[ we ought to select "s place :]e we c get o!r & broad] ideas on nuts4 ,i ?9k ,battle ,creek w\ld be ! be/ place4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,does any o!r favorite son or neighbor wi% to make a spee* 9 favor ( 8 own or ne>by city8 ,,mr4 ,,h5ry ,,/abl]3 ,x appeals to me v /rongly to see ,dr4 ,morris' exp]im5tal gr\nds at ,/am=d1 ,connecticut4 ,z ,i und]/& x1 he has ! greate/ collection ( nut-be>+ trees 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & look+ ov] ?is w\ld help u 9 a f9e way4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,h4 ,,kyn]3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,i am n a memb] ( ?is ,association1 b = a numb] ( ye>s ,i h be5 try+ to gr[ nuts4 ,i am v mu* int]e/$ 9 ! subject1 & ,i w\ld l to "k if ,i h any rights on ?is floor4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,x co/s y two doll>s to vote4 ,,mr4 ,,kyn]3 ,all "r1 ,i w j give two doll>s4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,i move t ! g5tleman be accept$ z a full memb] n[ & h full au?ority to make spee*es4 7,laught]47 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,! g5tleman w proce$ to ! mak+ ( 8 spee*4 ,,mr4 ,,kyn]3 ,i h no spee*4 ,i simply want to vote aye = ,/am=d & ,new ,york4 7,vote tak547 ,,! ,,secret>y3 ,! result is z foll[s3 ,= ,evansville1 #b2 ,/am=d1 #aj2 ,battle ,creek1 #c2 ,pet]sburg1 #c2 ,lanca/]1 #a2 = ,*icago1 ,san ,francisco & ! ,national ,nut ,gr[]s1 #j4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,we are n[ ready1 ,i believe1 to proce$ ) ! te*nical "p ( ! programme4 ,! *air w\ld l to call = in=mation z to ! relative behavior ( ! ,nor!rn pecans1 top-work$ or transplant$4 ,is !re1 = example1 any evid5ce any:]e z to ! fruit+ ( any ,nor!rn pecan except on ! p>5t tree8 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,mr4 ,wilk9son1 9 ,indiana1 has "s top-work$ be>+ trees4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,un=tunately1 !y are "r at home4 ,:at v>ieties has he8 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,! ,major4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,& h[ old 0 x be=e he top-work$ x8 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,?ree ye>s1 ,i ?9k4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,on pecan8 ,a ,,memb]3 ,yes1 sir4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,! ,major bore ! f\r? ye>1 ?ree ye>s old4 ,i believe t is ! fir/ record we h ( t sort4 ,has any o!r borne8 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,a good _m ( my "y trees bloom 9 ! nurs]y1 b ,i don't ?9k !y succe$$ 9 sett+ any nuts4 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,we h _h "s two-ye> trees 9 nurs]y1 graft$4 ,mo/ all ( !m bloom$ :5 two ye>s old--! /am9ate b n ! pe/illate blossoms4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i _h a /am9ate blossom ! ?ird season on ,butt]ick 9 nor!rn ,virg9ia4 ,,mr4 ,,h5ry ,,/abl]3 ,is !re any diff]5ce betwe5 trees budd$ f "y trees 9 ! nurs]y r[ :i* are n 9 be>+1 :i* h a gr[? v mu* resembl+ wat]-spr\ts1 & ^? budd$ f be>+ trees8 ,,pr(4 ,,hutt3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,i c't give any exp]im5tal data on t l9e1 b ! common practice ( nurs]ym5 9 tak+ _! bud-wood f ! nurs]y /ock has be5 9 use = ye>s & ye>s1 z ) pea*es4 ,v seldom d ! nurs]ym5 g to ! orig9al trees & get _! buds1 b x is cut f nurs]y /ock1 because x is 9 a f9e condition to "w4 ,i ?9k t trees propagat$ f "y1 vigor\s wood1 cut 9 ! nurs]y1 are all "r4 ,i am n s sure z to h[ long x is be=e !y come into be>+4 ,,mr4 ,,h5ry ,,/abl]3 ,i don't mean to say x is an undesirable practice to bud f ! nurs]y r[1 b is !re any diff]5ce 9 ! "t ( com+ into be>+8 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i sp5t a v consid]able am\nt ( "t & money 9 t belief1 b at ,/ate ,college1 !y made an elaborate te/1 & !y h f\nd no diff]5ce betwe5 ! tree f a wat]-spr\t & "o f ! be>+ tree4 ,,mr4 ,,jones3 ,x is n practicable to propagate v l>gely f "y trees1 ei!r fruit trees or nut trees1 b !re is a good deal 9 maturity ( ! wood4 ,! plan we foll[ is to h mature plots & graft f ^! old trees4 ,t gives ! be/ wood = nurs]y propagation4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,keep+ ! same tree8 ,,mr4 ,,jones3 ,yes1 "r along4 ,t co/s a little m money ?an to propagate f ! nurs]y1 b we ?9k x is bett]4 ,we get bett] results4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,h[ h ! diff]5t v>ieties ( ! nor!rn pecan %[n up ) reg>d to spe$ ( gr[?8 ,at ! pres5t "t we are practically ignorant z to :i* ( sev5 or eight nam$ & propagat$ v>ieties to c\nt on4 ,app>5tly1 ! ,buss]on has ! record = e>ly be>+1 ) ! ,major z second4 ,:at ab\t ! record ( ! trees = mak+ wood1 n 9 ! nurs]y r[1 b aft] x has be5 transplant$ & put 9 ! field8 ,is !re any di/9ct lead]%ip ( "o ,nor!rn pecan ov] ano!r 9 mak+ wood8 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,if ! memb]s :o g out to my place ?is aft]noon w obs]ve closely !y w h a *ance to see some?+ ( ! tree gr[? = ! fir/ ?ree ye>s4 ,!y w h a *ance to obs]ve ! ,indiana1 ! ,buss]on1 ! ,k5tucky1 ! ,gre5 ,riv]1 ! ,major & ! ,posey1 ) ?ree ye>'s gr[?4 ,!y w see a r[ ( ,gre5 ,riv]s1 "s trees n9e feet high1 & o!rs t hav5't gr[n two feet4 ,t is ! individual tree v>iation1 h[ev]4 ,!y w see c]ta9 *>act]i/ics runn+ cle> ?r\gh4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,well1 ,mr4 ,littlepage1 x is a job to g & get exact results f ano!r man's exp]im5tal gr\nd4 ,:i* is ! w9n] = spe$1 ,mr4 ,mc,coy8 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,well1 ,i "k m ab\t h[ !y gr[ 9 ! nurs]y ?an ,i d :5 transplant$4 ,i hav5't transplant$ z _m trees z ,mr4 ,littlepage1 b1 ( c\rse1 ! tree w act v simil>ly 9 ! nurs]y to :at x does aft] y transplant x4 ,we h le>n$ at a glance to tell ! diff]5ce 9 ! v>ieties4 ,we don't h to g to ! books or to ! /akes to tell ea* p>ticul> v>iety1 z ea* v>iety has its di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ics4 ,= in/ance1 ! ,k5tucky & ! ,butt]ick & ! ,buss]on are all incl9$ to gr[ up4 ,i don't "k :y t %\ld be true1 b !y all h ! lumb] *>act]i/ics4 ,! ,k5tucky gr[s 9 ! riv] bottoms surr\nd$ by lumb] trees4 ,n[1 ! ,posey doesn't gr[ v tall1 b x gr[s a wond]ful /ocky1 /urdy tree1 & has leaf /ems z long z my arm 9 ! nurs]y4 ,( c\rse1 ea* p>ticul> wood has its color *>act]i/ics4 ,b "o ?+ ,i obs]v$ 0 t 9 ! o!r nurs]ies !y don't color up z !y d 9 m9e4 ,= in/ance1 at ,mr4 ,jones'1 x w puzzle me sometimes to tell :i* v>iety x is by look+ at ! wood4 ,( c\rse1 aft] he w\ld say ,?is is ,butt]ick or ,buss]on1 ,i c\ld see1 probably1 ! *>act]i/ics1 b !re is a little diff]5ce 9 ! color ( ! wood4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,h y f\nd any diff]5ce betwe5 ^! ?ree trees z to atta9m5t ( height8 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,well1 ,i suspect t ! ,butt]ick is ! fa/e/ gr[] ( !m4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,:at is ! sl[e/8 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,! ,indiana1 ,i guess4 ,a ,,memb]3 ,h[ does ! ,major behave8 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,! ,major is a v sl5d]1 tall tree4 ,! ,gre5 ,riv] is incl9$ to be spread+4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,t te/imony z to ! ,indiana be+ a sl[ gr[]--does anybody v]ify x8 ,,mr3 ,,littlepage3 ,same ?+ 9 ,m>yl&1 ,mr4 ,presid5t--sl[e/ gr[] ,i h4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,is t suffici5tly m>k$ to make x be/ = u to hold up its propagation until x has %[n "s reason = be+ gr[n8 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,i don't "k4 ,! ,buss]on & ! ,indiana1 :i* is suppos$ to be a se$l+ ( ! ,buss]on--! ,buss]on outgr[s ! ,indiana 9 ,m>yl& five times4 ,b ! ,indiana is a ?9-husk$ nut4 ,! ,buss]on1 on ! o!r h&1 is a ?ick-husk$ nut1 a f9e place = ! nut worm if he ev] gets bad4 ,!re are a lot ( su* ?+s t y h to ?9k (4 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,i visit$ mo/ ( ^! p>5t trees ?is ye>4 ,!y are all c5t]$ ar\nd ,evansville4 ,!re is no crop on ! ,buss]on4 ,! ,indiana w1 p]haps1 h a peck4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,may1 9 ,k5tucky1 & ,indiana1 & ,ill9ois1 we _h ra9s cont9ually4 ,i h (t5 he>d ! expression f ! ,s\!rn nurs]ym5 t ! pecan is caught ) ! fro/4 ,n[1 t is cle> out ( place ) u4 ,we all smile at ! idea t an ,ill9ois1 ,indiana or ,k5tucky pecan w\ld be caught ) ! fro/1 :i* nev] affects !m4 ,b ! ra9s always affect !m4 ,if ! mon? ( ,may is a beautiful1 dry1 cle> mon?1 y c gamble on ! pecan crop4 ,n[1 ?is ye> we won't h mu* ( a crop4 ,! ,w>wick w h a gallon or two1 & ! ,k5tucky crop is a failure4 ,! ,gre5 ,riv] & ,major we didn't get to1 b ,i suspect t v few ( our own trees w h a crop ?is ye>4 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,mr4 ,mc,coy1 ,i 0 up !re la/ week1 & ! ,buss]on has probably f\r times z _m nuts z ! ,indiana4 ,x has a light crop1 :ile ! ,indiana has a v light crop4 7,laught]47 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,:5 7 y !re1 ,mr4 ,re$8 ,,mr4 ,m4 ,p4 ,,re$3 ,la/ ,sunday4 ,,mr4 ,,jones3 ,y c't judge a pecan by ! gr[? ( ! tree4 ,y take a pecan t makes a ?ick head & lots ( limbs1 & x is v likely to be a heavy be>]4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a nurs]yman likes a v>iety t makes a tree1 y "k4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,on y\r crit]ion ( a bun*$ top1 :i* ( ^! eight v>ieties we are n[ propagat+ is ! mo/ promis+8 ,,mr4 ,,jones3 ,! ,butt]ick appeals to me4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,is ! ,posey 9 ! same class8 ,,mr4 ,,jones3 ,! ,indiana makes a ?ick head4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,does any o!r d t8 ,,mr4 ,,jones3 ,! ,gre5 ,riv] is incl9$ to on ! mature block1 b n ! fir/ ye> 9 ! nurs]y4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 9 view ( ! fact t ?is meet+ is report$1 & t :at we say w g into ! (ficial records to be read by lots ( p :o c't come & exam9e u1 x might be und]/ood t !re w\ld be "s "q ab\t ! be>+ ( ^! ,nor!rn pecan trees4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ,i am surpris$ t any ( !m bore any nuts ?is ye> :5 ,i ?9k h[ h>d ,mr4 ,mc,coy & ,mr4 ,re$ & myself h cut !m = bud-wood4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 our op9ion is t ^! ,nor!rn pecan trees are all excell5t be>]s1 z ! be>+ reputation goes ) pecan trees4 ,i h wat*$ !m pretty c>efully1 & ! be/ evid5ce ( :at ,i ?9k ( !m is t ,i am sett+ !m 9 my or*>d4 ,= fe> t ! m9utes may leave ! impression ) "s casual read] lat] t ^! trees be> a qu>t1 & two gallons1 ,i j want to say t if ^! g5tlem5 put into ! record ! am\nt ( nuts t !y "k ! ,gre5 ,riv]1 ! ,butt]ick1 ! ,posey & ,major h borne--= in/ance1 six weeks ago ,i b\ght sixty p\nds ( ,posey nuts f a c]ta9 tree4 ,! man :o c\nt$ !m c\nt$ #abj p\nds on ! tree1 & if ! boys ar\nd 7 z active z :5 ,i 0 a boy1 ,i bet he didn't get m ?an half ( !m4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,?is is ! "t ( ye> :5 ! squirrels get nuts1 & ,i expect !y got aft] ! trees1 too4 ,,miss ,,l\ise ,,littlepage3 ,:y does ! ra9 affect ! nuts1 & :y 9 t c]ta9 "o mon?8 ,,mr4 ,,mccoy3 ,9 our latitude ! pecan blooms some:]e ne> ! tw5tie? ( ,may1 f t probably up to ! tw5ty-fif?1 & ! poll5 is scatt]$ by ! w9ds1 &1 if x ra9s at t p>ticul> "t1 ! female bloom p]i%es1 & we h no pecans4 ,i ?9k ! pecan dep5ds entirely ^u ! w9ds4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,we h be5 hop+ all ! "t t we w\ld h a *ance to he> f ,pr(4 ,hutt on ! relation ( ! hickory /ock to ! pecan top4 ,a good _m p]sons h exp]im5t$ ) x1 & pap]s are giv+1 f "t to "t1 gl[+ acc\nts ( ! pecan tree on hickory roots4 ,we w\ld l to he> f ,pr(4 ,hutt4 ,,pr(4 ,,hutt3 ,we hav5't mu* data matur$ on t at pres5t1 ,mr4 ,presid5t4 ,x takes s long to get data on ^? subjects4 ,we h a lot ( trees budd$ on ! /ocks ( wat] hickory & on ! pecan1 & we are te/+ !m out4 ,my !ory 0 t ! ,hicoria aquatica1 gr[+ 9 wet1 s\r l&s1 w\ld enl>ge ! range ( probable production ( pecans on su* l&s1 & on l&s on :i* ! pecan1 on its own roots1 c\ld n normally be gr[n1 b our data are n matur$ yet4 ,i ?9k !y h be5 ?ree ye>s 9 ! nurs]y & two ye>s set 9 ! or*>d4 ,x w probably be f\r or five ye>s be=e we get any exact data on t subject4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,p]haps1 ,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,re$ has inve/igat$ "s ( ! lat] top-work$ hickories4 ,,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$3 ,t is an old "q--pecan on hickory4 ,x has be5 tri$ all ov] ! ,s\? & ! ,s\?we/1 & y w see "s ?is aft]noon at ,mr4 ,littlepage's place4 ,z a usual ?+1 ! en?usiasm ov] pecan on hickory has run high :ile ! exp]im5t 0 new4 ,! propagator has f\nd t x 0 n a difficult ?+ to make ! scions live1 &1 s long z ! hickory /ock is l>g] ?an ! pecan scion1 s t ! fe$+ capacity is equal to1 or ev5 great] ?an1 ! consum+ capacity ( ! scion1 ! outlook has be5 v satisfactory & enc\rag+1 & :ile t /age has be5 go+ on a great deal has be5 writt54 ,a little lat] y he> less ab\t x1 & less & less1 until1 f9ally1 y he> almo/ no?+4 ,b ,i w say ?is1 t !re are sections 9 ! ,s\?we/ :]e !re is consid]able en?usiasm ov] x j n[4 ,j rec5tly an article 0 publi%$ by ,judge ,frank ,gwynn :i* 0 q enc\rag+1 & f 8 po9t ( view x is4 ,he is on high1 hilly l&1 :]e he has no pecan trees1 & he has be5 able to get nuts consid]ably soon] by top-work+ ^! dryl& hickories--! mock] nut1 or bull nut1 z x is kn[n d[n !re--& s f> he is gett+ v satisfactory crops4 ,b x is ! cons5sus ( op9ion ov] ! entire ,s\?1 s f> z ,i h obs]v$ x1 t :]e !re are pecan trees suitable = top-work+1 !y answ] mu* bett]1 & ! f9al outcome is v mu* m satisfactory ) pecan on pecan ?an ) pecan on hickory4 ,n[1 ) pecan on ,hicoria aquatica1 :i* ,pr(4 ,hutt spoke (1 ,i c cite y "o in/ance :i* is v int]e/+ s\? ( ,morgan ,city1 ,l\isiana4 ,mr4 ,frank ,beadle1 ,i believe1 0 ! "n1 top-work$ a numb] ( trees t 7 /&+ 9 wat]1 & he also top-work$ "s t he _h transplant$ f ! wet bottom to high] l&4 ,^? t 7 transplant$ liv$ & bore nuts = q a numb] ( ye>s4 ,! la/ ,i knew !y 7 be>+ q satisfactory crops1 b ^? t 7 all[$ to rema9 9 ! /&+ wat] di$ v %ortly aft] ! pecan top began to develop4 ,! entire tree di$4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,t is1 ! pecan top kill$ ! native "r 9 its own habitat4 ,,mr4 ,c ,a4 ,,re$3 ,t's "r4 ,,dr4 ,,/abl]3 ,h[ ab\t ! acidity ( ! soil on t high] l&8 ,0 t te/$8 ,,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$3 ,well1 !re w\ld be s v little diff]5ce 9 ! level ( ! soil t ,i imag9e ! acidity w\ld be ab\t ! same4 ,:5 ,i said high l& ,i meant l& t wasn't ov]-fl[$4 ,,dr4 ,,/abl]3 ,oh1 yes4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,mr4 ,re$1 y made ! qualifi$ /atem5t a:ile ago t :]e a man _h a *oice betwe5 hickory & pecan /ock = top-work+1 he %\ld take ! pecan4 ,n[1 9 ! ,nor? !re are magnific5t /&s ( native hickory--! ,appala*ians are full ( x f end to end4 ,w\ld y advise him n to bo!r ) t8 ,,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$3 ,!re is ano!r "q t ent]s !re4 ,i don't believe t y c gr[ good pecans on hickory /ocks on upl&s :]e !re is n moi/ure en\gh 9 ! soil to gr[ good pecans on pecan /ocks4 ,x takes moi/ure to make pecans1 & if !re isn't en\gh 9 ! upl& soil to gr[ pecan trees on pecan roots ,i don't believe !re is any evid5ce to indicate t y c get !m on hickory roots4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ! hickory only gr[s ab\t six or eight weeks e summ]1 & ! pecan gr[s all summ]4 ,i ?9k t answ]s ! "q4 ,,pr(4 ,,hutt3 ,a case came up la/ ye> 9 ! ,national ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association t 0 q int]e/+4 ,mr4 ,smi?wick1 ( ,am]icus1 ,georgia1 br\ght to ! meet+ & exhibit$ a numb] ( v>ieties ( pecan gr[n on hickory--f\rte5 v>ieties1 /&>d v>ieties1 graft$ on a hickory tree1 & !y 7 rem>kable = _! small size4 ,!y 7 rem>kably small--small] ?an ord9>y1 woods-gr[n se$l+ pecans4 ,!re 7 ,s*leys & ,delmas1 & v>i\s o!r v>ieties t y c\ld recognize by ! =m ( ! nuts1 b exce$+ly small4 ,i believe ,mr4 ,re$'s po9t is ! crux ( ! :ole situation1 t if y h a good supply ( moi/ure !y w make nuts ( a pretty fair size1 b unless ! moi/ure supply is v l>ge y get dim9utive nuts4 ,^! 7 matur$ 9 ! ,s\?4 ,! hickory is su* a sl[ gr[] 9 comp>ison ) ! pecan--t is1 ! common v>ieties--t x c't keep up ) ! pecan top4 ,,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$3 ,"s ( ! nuts f t tree 7 on exhibition :]e y 7 ?is morn+4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,!n y h1 practically1 a dw>f+1 ) ! dw>f+ manife/+ itself 9 ! fruit r ?an 9 ! wood4 ,,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$3 ,x did 9 t "o in/ance1 b1 on ! o!r h&1 we h se5 pecans gr[n on top-work$ hickories t y c\ld h>dly tell f typical specim5s ( pecans gr[n on pecan /ocks4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,isn't ! bitt]nut sev]al times z rapid 9 gr[? z ! %agb>k1 or "s o!rs8 ,t is1 probably1 "o ( ! be/ /ocks = ! hickories if "o wi%es to exp]im5t4 ,,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$3 ,,z ,colonel ,van ,duzee said la/ night1 !re are a lot ( ?+s we don't "k4 ,?is is "o ( !m4 ,i might quote a numb] ( m5 :o are "r "h 9 ?is audi5ce to conv9ce y t we don't any ( u "k mu* ab\t nut culture today4 ,i w quote ,dr4 ,morris & ,mr4 ,littlepage4 ,we 7 talk+ ab\t hickory nut v>ieties 9 ,dr4 ,morris' (fice "o night ab\t ! fir/ ( ?is ye>1 :5 ,mr4 ,littlepage made ! rem>k t ! man :o didn't *ange 8 m9d e ?ree ye>s on nut culture didn't keep up ) ! game1 & ,dr4 ,morris repli$ t he _h *ang$ 8 m9d s mu* 9 ! la/ five ye>s he _h no respect = any man :o believ$ :at he said4 ,n[1 :5 y c't believe ,dr4 ,morris1 ,colonel ,van ,duzee1 or ,dr4 ,smi?1 :at are y go+ to d ) ! re/ ( u8 ,,col4 ,,van ,,duzee3 ,mr4 ,re$1 ,i didn't say :at y said ,i did4 ,i said3 ,!re are s _m ?+s y already "k t are n true4 7,laught]47 ,,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$3 ,well1 n[1 ,i w quote ano!r man1 ,dr4 ,curtis1 "o ( ! be/ kn[n pecan m5 9 ! ,s\?4 ,x 0 ,dr4 ,curtis t ,i w5t to = my initial exp]i5ce 9 pecans4 ,! fir/ ,i ev] saw 7 9 8 or*>d 9 ,florida1 & ,i ask$ him q a good _m que/ions1 & he w\ld tell me a /ory & g away4 ,& ,i call$ him up "o day1 w5t into 8 or*>d 9 h>ve/ "t :5 he 0 ga!r+ ! nuts 9 ! hulls & tak+ !m to ! pack+ h\se4 ,& ,i said ,:at is t =8 ,& he said ,don't y see ^? %uck worms all ?r\gh ! hulls "h8 ,i am ?r[+ !m out !re to let ! *ick5s get !m4 ,well1 said ,i1 c y say y are gett+ rid ( ! %uck worms by do+ t8 ,& he repli$1 ,i c see1 "o ye> ) ano!r1 t !y are gradually gett+ less4 ,a ye> lat] ,i w5t d[n !re be=e he did4 ,he 0 9 ,ma9e at ! "t1 b 8 or*>d trees 7 j alive ) %uck worms1 e v>iety almo/ eat5 up ) !m4 ,i said to him1 :5 he came back1 ,i ?\ght y 7 go+ to get rid ( ^? %uck worms by fe$+ !m to ! *ick5s8 ,well1 !re x goes1 he said1 y get a nice !ory all work$ out & "s "o comes along & asks y a simple little "q t knocks x all 9 ! head4 ,& t is almo/ ! unanim\s exp]i5ce4 ,:at y "k y h got to qualify if y talk at all4 ,i am gett+ to be su* a pessimi/ ,i am n mu* good 9 ! gov]nm5t any m4 7,laught]47 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,! "o hope a college pr(essor ( my acqua9tance has is :5 a /ud5t comes ar\nd & says he believes he doesn't "k mu*4 ,he reg>ds t z ! beg9n+ ( k1 & ,i ?9k t ,mr4 ,re$'s confessions1 & incrim9ations ( ! re/ ( u1 %[ "o ?+1 p]haps1 bett] ?an any?+ else1 & t is ! great necessity ( organizations ( ?is sort 9 :i* _m m5 :o are try+ _m ?+s 9 _m ways come toge!r & give ! results ( _! obs]vations4 ,no d\bt1 ?is :ole "q ( agriculture 9 g5]al1 & nuts 9 p>ticul>1 is s complex1 x is s run ?r\gh & ?r\gh ) s _m diff]5t controll+ factors1 &1 ) !m1 s _m new ?+s are con/antly com+ along1 t we are all go+ to be h&+ d[n to our *ildr5 & gr&*ildr5 a great &1 p]haps1 increas+ ho/ ( problems to be inve/igat$1 & new realms 9 :i* k c be pil$ up = ! b5efit ( ^? :o wi% to use x4 ,,col4 ,,van ,,duzee3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 may ,i talk half a m9ute8 ,i c't help b feel t1 p]haps1 !re may be "s good bro!r or si/] :o may h be5 ov]-impress$ ) ! difficulties1 :o might h be5 disc\rag$1 :o might h left ?is meet+1 p]haps1 & fail$ to see :at ?is meet+ is =--to /imulate ! plant+ ( nut trees4 ,not)/&+ ! emphasis t has be5 put on all ^! ?+s1 not)/&+ ! difficulties & disappo9tm5ts t we are all labor+ "u at ! pres5t "t1 ,i feel t we h a wond]ful indu/ry ahead ( u4 ,i c't see any reason 9 ! _w :y we %\ld n g on )9 our means1 wisely plant+ nut trees4 ,x doesn't make any diff]5ce if y are sev5ty-five or eighty ye>s old1 plant nut trees1 because !y w be a con/ant pleasure to y1 &1 ultimately1 a b5efit to "s "o else4 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,mr4 ,presid5t-- ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,?is is ,mr4 ,littlepage1 ladies & g5tlem54 7,laught]47 ,,mr4 ,,littlepage3 ,t is a v important sugge/ion t y j made4 ,if y 7 to ask ! av]age groc]yman 9 ,wa%+ton ,city :e!r he want$ 8 son to g into ! groc]y bus9ess he w\ld say no4 ,if y ask$ a lawy] if y %\ld make a lawy] out ( y\r son1 if ! lawy] looks back ov] ! drudg]y & ye>s ( toil t x takes to make a lawy]1 he w\ld und\bt$ly hesitate to recomm5d x1 & if y ask$ a doctor or a college pr(essor a simil> "q1 !y1 no d\bt1 w\ld /e] y cle> away f a univ]sity4 ,& s1 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 if y /& back on ! difficulties 9 ^! ?+s1 !re w\ld be n only no groc]ym51 b no lawy]s1 no doctors1 no d5ti/s1 &1 p]haps1 nobody work+ = ! gov]nm5t4 7,laught] & applause47 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,i want to take ! lib]ty ( us+ ?irty seconds 9 ?is p]iod ( exhortation & confession to come 9 on ! same /ra94 ,aft] all1 :at is life =8 ,h[ _m ( u want ! ?+ t is dead easy1 & h[ _m ( u want ! job ) no?+ to d8 ,we all1 9 a c]ta9 lazy mood1 say we want some?+ easy & want to re/1 b if !re is any?+ on e>? t a man %uns above all else x is t little room ) absolutely no?+ to d1 namely1 a cell4 ,:5 !y want to break a man !y don't put him at h>d labor on ! /one pile2 !y put him 9 a little room ) no?+ to d4 ,! y\ng/] :o plays doesn't want a dead easy game4 ,he builds a h\se1 &1 :5 he has done ) x1 bang1 he doesn't want ! h\se he want$ to build4 ,& ,i mu/ confess t if x 7 p]fectly pla9 sail+ & y c\ld plant out all ^! nut trees & h !m gr[ l fury1 x w\ld n be mu* fun4 ,x is a fact t m5 l to a*ieve & exp]im5t2 m5 l ef=t4 ,suppose ev]ybody 9 ?is c\ntry retir$ & c\ld put up 8 feet & d no?+1 !re w\ldn't be a "n 9 ! pap] ! next morn+4 ,mr4 ,hughes1 ,presid5t ,wilson1 ,mr4 ,taft1 ,mr4 ,br&ies1 & all ( ! great m5 :o are do+ ?+s 9 ?is _w w\ld all be gone fann+ !mselves quietly4 ,?is _w is run by m5 :o don't h to "w2 !y "w = fun4 ,s ,i wi% to submit t ! tree--if a man happ5s to be built to love plants t gr[--t ! tree is "o ( ! great av5ues ( fun4 ,,mr4 ,,web]3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 along ! same l9e ( ?\ght1 ,i wi% to express my views ) :at ,colonel ,van ,duzee has _h to say4 ,if we 7 to att5d a conv5tion ( surgeons & he> diff]5t diseases & ailm5ts ( ! body discuss$1 we w\ld probably all be dispos$ to ?9k t we 7 /&+ on ! tip-end ( ! div+ bo>d into et]nity beyond4 ,b p keep on liv+ j ! same1 not)/&+ ! knock+ ( ! doctors1 & ! diseases to :i* we are subject1 & trees w keep on gr[+ j ! same1 not)/&+ _! diseases & v>i\s o!r tr\bles1 & s ,i ?9k no "o %\ld be disc\rag$4 ,,! ,,secret>y3 ,i j want to add my little enc\ragem5t4 ,9 spite ( all ! failure t ,i h _h1 & !y h be5 _m1 9 spite ( ! reports ( failures ( o!rs & ! pessimism ( o!rs1 ,i h ! same abid+ fai? 9 ! future ( nut gr[+1 & j ! same en?usiasm = x t ,i _h 9 ! beg9n+1 if n great]4 7,applause47 ,,mr4 ,,kyn]3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,i came "h to get in=mation on a matt] t ,i am v mu* int]e/$ 94 ,at sev5ty ye>s ( age ,i h become int]e/$ 9 nut gr[+--9 nut culture4 7,applause47 ,i am n plant+ p>ticul>ly = myself1 n t ,i expect to get any h>ve/ f ^! trees1 b ,i d want to see !m be> fruit--be> nuts4 ,i want to plant ! "r k9d ( trees4 ,i h jo9$ ?is ,association2 ,i int5d to reta9 a memb]%ip 9 x z long z ! ,association lives4 7,laught]47 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,my de> sir1 t w co/ y tw5ty doll>s = a life memb]%ip4 7,laught]47 ,,mr4 ,,kyn]3 ,& ,i want to get all ! in=mation t ! ,association has4 ,n[1 if ,i c get x 9 fifte5 or tw5ty m9utes1 :y1 let me h x4 7,laught]47 ,i b\ght ,p]sian walnuts at a nurs]y1 cultivat$ !m1 & wat*$ !m1 walk$ ar\nd !m & look$ at !m1 & along came a w9t] & kill$ !m4 ,i b\ght !m f a ,ro*e/] nurs]y4 ,n[1 !y didn't gr[ !m !re4 ,!y mu/ h gr[n !m some:]e else4 ,if !y _h be5 gr[n 9 a ,ro*e/] nurs]y !y w\ld h )/ood ! sev]ity ( a ,m>yl& w9t]4 ,n[1 !re is some?+ wrong !re4 ,?is ,association %\ld take ?is matt] up ) t nurs]y4 ,!y %\ld n be all[$ to take p's money & give !m *aff = x4 ,i am say+ ?is = ! b5efit ( "s ( our memb]s "h :o are gr[+ nut trees = sale4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,may ,i give y a bit ( in=mation "h8 ,we h a li/ ( accr$it$ nurs]ym54 ,?is ,association has a li/ ( nurs]ym5 9 ^: trees we ?9k we c place m confid5ce ?an 9 "s o!rs4 ,,mr4 ,,kyn]3 ,i w\ld l to get t4 ,b n[ ,i h set out a :ole lot ( ^! ,p]sian walnuts1 & pecans1 filb]ts1 ,japanese walnuts1 etc41 & ,i guess e "o ( !m is a se$l+1 & ,i don't "k :at ,i h1 & ,i don't "k h[ _m v>ieties ( ,japanese walnuts !re are4 ,i suppos$ a ,japanese walnut 0 a ,japanese walnut1 & t t 0 all !re 0 to x4 ,b ,i get "s trees f "o nurs]y1 & "s f ano!r1 & !y gr[ up & ar5't alike at all4 ,n[1 ,i hav5't s v awfully long to be 9 ! bus9ess ( sett+ out nut gr[+ trees1 & ,i want to get ! "r k9d1 & ,i want ?is ,association's assi/ance 9 t matt]1 & :ile y are assi/+ me y are assi/+ p all ov] ! c\ntry4 ,m5 & wom5 ev]y:]e are int]e/$ 9 nut gr[+4 ,!y want nut trees1 b h[ are !y go+ to "k t !y are gett+ :at !y want8 ,i believe x is up to ?is ,association to help !m get ! "r k9d ( /uff4 ,i came 9 "h purposely to get y\r help4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,y g on ! excursion ?is aft]noon & y w f9d pl5ty ( m5 !re t w take pleasure 9 expla9+ "s ( ^! ?+s to y4 ,our plan is to g at "o o'clock f ! corn] ( ,f\rte5? & ,h /reets to ! gr\nds ( ,mr4 ,littlepage1 :o has practically all ! good v>ieties ( nor!rn pecans gr[+ !re1 & on ! trip w be m5 :o c answ] mo/ e "q y want to "k4 ,i ?9k t br+s u to ! po9t ( adj\rnm5t4 ,,col4 ,,van ,,duzee3 ,mr4 ,presid5t1 ,i move we adj\rn4 ,a ,,memb]3 ,second ! motion4 ,,! ,,presid5t3 ,! meet+ /&s adj\rn$4 ,,app5dix4 ,lett] ,f ,w4 ,c4 ,re$1 ,vice-,presid5t ( ! ,association4 ,,fell[ ,,memb]s ,,& ,,fri5ds3 ,x is ) ! deepe/ feel+s ( regret t ,i am compell$ to be abs5t f :at ,i tru/ may be "o ( ! mo/ pr(itable meet+s ( ! ,association4 ,x is impossible = me to be pres5t1 ow+ to ! fact t ,i h be5 summon$ on a case 9 c\rt 9 ,wiscons94 ,hav+ be5 honor$ z y\r ,vice-,presid5t1 ,i felt x my duty to att5d & d :at ,i c\ld to help make ?is our be/ meet+1 b fate rul$ o!rwise4 ,?\gh abs5t 9 p]son1 ,i assure y my ?\ghts & be/ wi%es w be ) y :ile w&]+ ab\t ! ,nation's ,capital1 view+ its magnific5t p>ks & bask+ "u ! %ade ( its /ately ,p]sian walnuts4 ,! int]e/ 9 nut culture is widespread4 ,we h _h inquiries f _m =eign c\ntries1 "o ( ! la/ f ne> ,bombay1 ,briti% ,india4 ,i h arrang$ ) ! ,indiana ,apple ,%[1 :i* is to be held at ,we/ ,bad51 ,indiana1 ,novemb] #ad? to #bj?1 = ample space = a nut exhibit4 ,anyone hav+ nuts = exhibition %\ld s5d !m to me at ,v9c5nes prior to ^! dates1 or write = in=mation1 & ,i w try & arrange = premiums4 ,,review ,,( ,,pa/ ,,ye>4 ,! pres5t summ] has be5 ( extremes1 v cold & wet e>ly1 foll[$ by extreme heat & dr\?4 ,foliage ( all k9ds n z good z usual4 ,nut trees1 h[ev]1 h made a v good gr[?1 n z heavy z la/ ye> on y\ng] trees4 ,w9t]1 #aiae-af1 :ile n extremely cold1 0 v h>d on _m k9ds ( trees1 ow+ to ! fact t ! previ\s summ] & fall 7 v wet4 ,mo/ fruit trees w5t into w9t] full ( sap1 ) buds 9 weak5$ condition4 ,pecan buds came ?r\gh 9 good %ape ) a v fair /& 9 nurs]y1 & "o-ye> trees 7 n injur$ a p>ticle4 ,pecan bloom 0 v fair1 crop1 g5]ally seems to be light1 9 fact su* is ! case ) all k9ds ( nut trees1 g5]ally1 & mo/ fruit trees4 ,pecan trees set 9 or*>d #b & #c ye>s ago are mak+ a good gr[?4 ,,engli% ,,walnuts4 ,/& ( buds 9 nurs]y poor2 /& ( grafts ?is spr+ v good :]e we us$ good1 /rong scions ( well matur$ wood1 #fj to #ge p] c5t1 & 9 "s cases ,mayette 0 bett] ?an t4 ,:]e ,ea/]n scions 7 us$ f old trees1 /& ( grafts v poor4 ,all "o-ye> ,engli% walnut trees 9 nurs]y came ?r\gh 9 good %ape4 ,ea/]n v>ieties began to vegetate or bur/ into gr[? ,april #ae2 ,mayette & ,franquette1 ,may #a2 ,p>isi5ne1 ,may #e1 & "o tree f ,gr5oble1 ,france1 gr[n f scion s5t f ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 ,may #be4 ,^! ,fr5* v>ieties1 ,i feel1 are v promis+1 ow+ to ! fact t !y w escape late fro/s4 ,engli% walnut trees 9 or*>d set #c ye>s ago1 f\r? summ]s gr[?1 do+ spl5didly1 #b to #d feet ( gr[?1 foliage p]fect1 v>ieties1 ,hall1 ,ru%1 ,nebo & ,burl+ton4 ,top-work$ trees1 #c-ye> tops do+ nicely ( ,hall1 ,ru%1 ,mayette & two or ?ree o!r ,ea/]n v>ieties4 ,graft+ 9 nurs]y done f ,may #ae to #be1 0 be/ aft] /ocks 7 9 full leaf4 ,,pecan ,,graft+4 ,we h usually _h be/ success graft+ ,may #e to #ab1 b ?is ye>1 be+ a late spr+1 we did n comm5ce g5]al graft+ ( pecans until ! #ab?1 & x seems to h be5 too late4 ,/& v poor1 a few grafts set e>ly 9 ,may ) old wood1 ab\t #dj p] c5t4 /&4 ,we f9d old wood gives mu* bett] /& on pecans1 & new wood on ,engli% walnuts4 ,,black ,,walnuts4 ,graft$ q a numb] ( ,/abl] ,black ,walnuts1 :i* 7 almo/ a failure4 ,?omas done bett]1 b /ill poor4 ,h[ev]1 l>g] scions gave be/ results & h made spl5did gr[?1 _m #e to #f feet1 v /rong4 ,buds ( ,?omas set la/ fall fail$ to />t well4 ,x seems we h some?+ to le>n 9 ! propagation ( ! ,black ,walnut1 z x has prov$ m difficult ?an ! ,engli%4 ,,h>dy ,,almond4 ,two ye>s ago we receiv$ "s buds ( ! ,rid5hau] ,almond f ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture4 ,"s ( ^! buds 7 set on a be>+ pea* tree2 ^! h borne a good crop ?is summ]1 & 7 ga!r$ ,augu/ #bj1 "s ( :i* are on ! exhibition tables4 ,^! seem to be> v "y1 ( good quality1 a v /rong gr[] & v h>dy2 d n consid] !m ( any comm]cial value1 b = family use are v good4 ,,be>+ ,,pecans ,,9 ,,nebraska4 ,dur+ ! pa/ ye> ,i h receiv$ photographs & description ( ! pecan trees #ab miles s\? ( ,l9coln1 ,nebraska1 & ( two trees on ! gr\nds ( ,e4 ,y4 ,grupe1 ( ,l9coln4 ,^! trees are #bj ye>s old1 "s hav+ be5 be>+ regul> crops = ! pa/ #aj ye>s4 ,?is season's crop is a failure ow+ to cont9u\s cold ra9 at bloom+ "t4 ,! nuts on "o ( ^! trees are ( fair size & quality4 ,) k9de/ reg>ds to ! _m fri5ds 9 ! ,association1 & tru/+ t ,i may h ! pleasure ( greet+ all at our next annual meet+1 ,i am1 ,respectfully y\rs1 ,w4 ,c4 ,,re$4 ,,! ,,food ,,value ,,( ,,nuts4 ,,dr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,,kellogg1 ,,battle ,,creek1 ,,mi*igan4 ,( all really valuable food/uffs nuts are ! lea/ us$ & ! lea/ appreciat$4 ,9 fact1 nuts c h>dly be said to con/itute a "p ( ! national bill ( f>e = ! reason t :5 eat5 at all !y are tak5 z luxuries or des]ts & n z /aple foods4 ,b ! nut possesses special prop]ties :i* entitle x to fir/ consid]ation z a food/uff1 & ! writ] has no d\bt t "s "t 9 ! future nuts w become a lead+ con/itu5t ( ! national bill ( f>e1 & 9 s do+1 w displace c]ta9 food/uffs :i* today are held 9 high e/eem1 b :i* 9 ! broad] light ( ! next c5tury w be reg>d$ z objectionable & inf]ior foods & w give place to ! products ( ! v>i\s v>ieties ( nut trees :i* w !n be e/imat$ at _! true wor?1 ! v *oice/ ( all sub/ances capable ( su/a9+ human life4 ,botanically1 a nut is a fruit1 b nuts diff] s widely bo? 9 composition & appe>ance f ! foods commonly call$ fruits t !y are prop]ly plac$ 9 a class by !mselves4 ,9 nutritive value ! nut f> exce$s all o!r food sub/ances2 = example1 ! av]age numb] ( food units p] p\nd furni%$ by half a doz5 ( ! m common v>ieties ( nuts is #cbca calories1 :ile ! av]age ( ! same numb] ( v>ieties ( c]eals is #afed calories1 half ! value ( nuts4 ,! av]age food value ( ! be/ vegetables is #cjj calories p] p\nd & ( ! be/ fre% fruits gr[n 9 ?is c\ntry is #bgh calories4 ,! av]age food value ( ! six pr9cipal fle% foods is #haj calories p] p\nd1 or "o-f\r? t ( nuts4 ,! sup]ior nutritive value ( nuts is cle>ly %[n by ! accompany+ tables bas$ ^u ! analyses ( ,atwat] & o!r au?orities4 ,,table ,i4 ,,composition ,,( ,,nuts 7,c4 ,f4 ,,langwor?y74 ,composition & ,fuel ,value ( ! ,edible ,portion4 ,food ,edible ,c>bohy- ,value ,refuse4 ,portion4 ,wat]4 ,prote94 ,fats4 drates4 ,a%4 p] lb4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,cal4 ,almonds #fd4h #ce4b #d4h #ba4j #ed4i #ag4c #b4j #c1jcj ,brazil nuts #di4f #ej4d #e4c #ag4j #ff4h #g4j #c4i #c1cbh ,filb]ts #eb4a #dg4i #c4g #ae4f #fe4c #ac4j #b4d #c1dcb ,hickory nuts #fb4b #cg4h #c4g #ae4d #fg4d #aa4d #b4a #c1die ,pecan nuts #ec4b #df4h #c4j #aa4j #ga4b #ac4c #a4e #c1fcc ,engli% walnuts4 #eh4j #db4j #b4h #af4g #fd4d #ad4h #a4c #c1cje ,*e/nuts1 fre%4 #af4j #hd4j #de4j #f4b #e4d #db4a #a4c #a1abe ,*e/nuts1 dri$4 #bd4j #gf4j #e4i #aj4g #g4j #gd4b #b4b #a1hge ,acorns #ce4f #fd4d #d4a #h4a #cg4d #dh4j #b4d #b1gah ,bee*nuts #dj4h #ei4b #d4j #ba4i #eg4d #ac4b #c4e #c1bfc ,butt]nuts #hf4d #ac4f #d4e #bg4i #fa4b #c4d #c4j #c1cga ,walnuts #gd4a #be4i #b4e #bg4f #ef4c #aa4g #a4i #c1aje ,cocoanuts #dh4h #ea4b #ad4a #e4g #ej4f #bg4i #a4g #b1ihf ,cocoanuts1 %r$d$1 444 #ajj4j #c4e #f4c #eg4c #ca4f #a4c #c1abe ,pi/a*ios1 k]nels 444 #ajj4j #d4b #bb4f #ed4e #ae4f #c4a #c1jaj ,p9e nuts or p9ons #dj4f #ei4d #c4d #ad4f #fa4i #ag4c #b4h #c1cfd ,peanuts1 raw #bd4e #ge4e #i4b #be4h #ch4f #bd4d #b4j #b1efj ,peanuts1 roa/$ #cb4f #fg4d #a4f #cj4e #di4b #af4b #b4e #c1agg ,lit*i nuts #da4f #eh4d #ag4i #b4i 4#b #gg4e #a4e #a1dec ,,table ,,ii4 ,,composition ,,( ,,meats 7,,atwat] ,,& ,,langwor?y74 ,calories ,wat]4 ,prote94 ,fat4 p] lb4 ,beef ribs #dc4h #ac4i #ba4b #a1ace ,port]h\rse /eak #eb4d #ai4a #af4a #ige ,veal cutlet #fh4c #bj4a #g4e #fie ,mutton #ea4b #ae4a #ad4g #hij ,mutton *ops #db4 #ac4e #bh4c #a1dae ,lamb #eb4i #ae4i #ac4f #hfj ,pork *ops #da4h #ac4d #bd4b #a1bde ,ham1 smok$ #cd4h #ad4b #cc4d #a1fce ,bacon1 smok$ #ag4d #i4a #fb4b #b1gae ,sausage1 ,frank=t #eg4b #ai4f #ah4i #a1aee ,beef s\p #ib4i #d4d #j4d #abj ,*ick5 7f[l7 #dg4a #ac4g #ab4c #gfe ,goose #ch4e #ac4d #bi4h #a1dge ,turkey #db4d #af4a #ah4d #a1jfj ,duck #ea4g #ad4c #cc4d #a1hje ,squab #eh4 #ah4f #bb4a #a1dhj ,gu9ea h5 #fi4a #bc4a #f4e #hgj ,quail #fe4i #be4 #f4h #ice ,,table ,,iii4 ,,composition ,,( ,,c]eal ,,food 7,,langwor?y74 ,c>bohy- ,food ,prote94 ,fat4 drates4 ,a%4 ,value ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 p] lb4 ,fl\r1 meal1 etc43 ,entire :eat fl\r #ac4h #a4i #ga4i #a4j #a1fej ,graham fl\r #ac4c #b4b #ga4d #a4h #a1fde ,:eat ,fl\r1 pat5t roll] process --high grade & m$ium #aa4d #a4j #ge4a 4#e #a1fce ,mac>oni1 v]micelli1 etc4 #ac4d 4#i #gd4a #a4c #a1fde ,:eat breakfa/ food #ab4a #a4h #ge4b #a4c #a1fhj ,buck:eat fl\r #f4d #a4b #gg4i 4#i #a1fje ,rye fl\r #f4h #j4i #gh4g 4#g #a1fbj ,corn meal #i4b #a4i #ge4d #a4j #a1fce ,oat breakfa/ food #af4g #g4c #ff4b #b4a #a1hjj ,rice #h4j 4#c #gi4j 4#d #a1fbj ,tapioca 4#d 4#a #hh4j 4#a #a1fej ,/>* 44 44 #ij4j 44 #a1fge ,,table ,,iv4 ,,composition ,,( ,,vegetables 7,,edible ,,portion74 ,c>bohy- ,wat]4 ,prote94 ,fat4 drates4 ,calories ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 p] lb4 ,beans1 dri$ #ab4f #bb4e #a4h #ei4f #a1ebj ,beans1 lima 444 444 44 444 4444 ,beans1 /r+ #hc4j #b4a 4#c #f4i #agj ,beets #gj4j #a4c 4#a #g4g #afj ,cabbage #gg4g #a4d 4#b #d4h #aae ,cel]y #ge4f 4#i 4#a #b4f #fe ,corn1 gre5 7sweet71 edible portion #ge4d #c4a #a4a #ai4g #ddj ,cucumb]s #ha4a 4#g 4#b #b4f #fe ,lettuce #hj4e #a4j 4#b #b4e #fe ,mu%rooms #hh4a #c4e 4#d #f4h #ahe ,onions #gh4i #a4d 4#c #h4i #aij ,p>snips #ff4d #a4c 4#d #aj4h #bcj ,peas #gd4f #g4j #j4e #af4i #ddj ,potatoes #fb4f #a4h 4#a #ad4g #bie ,rhub>b #ef4f 4#d 4#d #b4b #fj ,sweet potatoes #ee4b #a4d 4#f #ba4i #ddj ,sp9a* #ib4c #b4a 4#c #c4b #ie ,squa% #dd4b 4#g 4#b #d4e #ajj ,tomatoes #id4c 4#i 4#d #c4i #ajj ,,table ,v4 ,,composition ,,( ,,fruits1 ,,ye>book ,,( ,,dept4 ,,( ,,agriculture1 #aiae4 7,c4 ,j4 ,,langwor?y74 ,k9d ( ,fruit4 ,nitrog5- ,c>bo- ,fuel ,e!r free hy- ,crude value ,wat]4 ,prote94 extract extract4 drates4 fib]4 ,a%4 p] lb4 ,fre% ,fruits4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,p] ct4 ,cal4 ,apples #hd4f #j4d #j4e #ac4j 444 #a4b #j4c #bij ,apricots #he4j #a4a 444 444 #ac4d 444 4#e #bgj ,avocado #ha4a #a4j #aj4b 444 #f4h 444 4#i #eab ,bananas #ge4c #a4c 4#f #ba4j 444 #a4j 4#h #dfj ,blackb]ries #hf4c #a4h #a4j #h4d 444 #b4e 4#e #bgj ,cactus fruit #gi4b #a4d #a4c #aa4g 444 #c4g #b4g #cge ,*]ries #hj4i #a4j 4#h #af4e 444 4#b 4#f #cfe ,cranb]ries #hh4i 4#d 4#f #h4d 444 #a4e 4#b #bae ,currants #he4j #a4e 444 444 #ab4h 444 4#g #bfe ,figs #gi4a #a4e 444 444 #ah4h 444 4#f #chj ,gooseb]ries #he4f #a4j 444 444 #ac4a 444 4#c #bee ,grapes #gg4d #a4c #a4f #ad4i 444 #d4c 4#e #dej ,guava #hb4i #a4c 4#g #h4j 444 #f4f 4#e #cae ,huckleb]ries #ha4i 4#f 4#f 444 #af4f 444 4#c #cde ,lemons #hi4c #a4j 4#g #g4d 444 #a4a 4#e #bje ,mango #hg4d 4#f 4#d #i4i 444 #a4b 4#e #bbj ,muskmelons #hi4e 4#f 444 #g4b 444 #b4a 4#f #ahe ,nect>9es #hb4i 4#f 444 444 #ae4i 444 4#f #cje ,olives #fg4j #b4e #ag4a #e4g 444 #c4c #d4d #djg ,oranges #hf4i 4#h 4#b 444 #aa4f 444 4#e #bdj ,pea*es #hi4d 4#g 4#a #e4h 444 #c4f 4#d #aij ,pe>s #hj4i #a4j 4#e #ae4g 444 #a4e 4#d #afc ,p]simmons 7,japanese7 #hj4b #a4d 4#f #ae4a 444 #b4a 4#f #agd ,p9eapples #hi4c 4#d 4#c #i4c 444 4#d 4#c #bjj ,plums #gh4d #a4j 444 444 #bj4a 444 4#e #cie ,pomegranates #gf4h #a4e #a4f #af4h 444 #b4g 4#f #dfa ,prunes #gi4f 4#i 444 444 #ah4i 444 4#f #cgj ,raspb]ries 7r$7 #he4h #a4j 444 #i4g 444 #b4i 4#f #bee ,rhub>b /alks #id4d 4#f 4#g #b4e 444 #a4a 4#g #aje ,/rawb]ries #ij4d #a4j 4#f #f4j 444 #a4d 4#f #ahj ,wat]melons #ib4d 4#d 4#b 444 #f4g 444 4#c #adj ,) ! exception ( smok$ bacon1 !re is no fle% food :i* ev5 approa*es ! nut 9 nutritive value1 & bacon owes its high value to ! fact t x consi/s almo/ exclusively ( fat4 ,t ! nut is appreciat$ z a da9ty is atte/$ by ! frequ5cy ) :i* x appe>s z a des]t & ! ext5sive use ( v>i\s nuts z confections4 ,t nuts d n hold a m prom95t place 9 ! national bill ( f>e is due *iefly to two causes2 fir/1 ! popul> idea t nuts are highly indige/ible1 & second1 _! comp>atively high price4 ,! notion t nuts are difficult ( dige/ion has really no f\ndation 9 fact4 ,! idea is probably ! natural outgr[? ( ! cu/om ( eat+ nuts at ! close ( a meal :5 an abundance1 m likely a sup]abundance1 ( highly nutriti\s foods has already be5 eat5 & ! equally injuri\s cu/om ( eat+ nuts betwe5 meals4 ,neglect ( ?or\gh ma/ication mu/ also be m5tion$ z a possible cause ( indige/ion foll[+ ! use ( nuts4 ,nuts are g5]ally eat5 dry & h a firm h>d fle% :i* requires ?or\gh use ( ! organs ( ma/ication to prep>e !m = ! action ( ! sev]al dige/ive juices4 ,exp]im5ts made 9 ,g]many %[$ t nuts are n dige/$ at all b pass ?r\gh ! alim5t>y canal l =eign bodies unless r$uc$ to a smoo? pa/e 9 ! m\?4 ,p>ticles ( nuts ! size ( small se$s :olly escap$ dige/ion4 ,hav+ be5 = m ?an fifty ye>s actively int]e/$ 9 promot+ ! use ( nuts z a /aple food1 ,i h giv5 consid]able ?\ght & /udy to _! dietetic value & h made _m exp]im5ts4 ,ab\t tw5ty-five ye>s ago x occurr$ to me t "o ( ! above objections to ! ext5sive dietetic use ( nuts might be ov]come by me*anical prep>ation ( ! nut be=e s]v+ s z to r$uce x to a smoo? pa/e & ?us insure ! prep>ation = dige/ion :i* ! av]age eat] is prone to neglect4 ,! result 0 a product :i* ,i call$ peanut butt]4 ,i 0 mu* surpris$ at ! read9ess ) :i* ! product sprang into public favor4 ,sev]al ye>s ago ,i 0 in=m$ by a :olesale groc] ( ,*icago t ! firm's sales ( peanut butt] am\nt$ on an av]age to a c>load a week4 ,i ?9k x is safe to e/imate t n less ?an "o ?\s& c>loads ( ?is product are annually consum$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! increas$ dem& = peanuts = mak+ peanut butt] l$ to ! developm5t ( corn]s 9 ! peanut m>ket & m ?an d\bl$ ! price & mu/ h _h an equally m>k$ influ5ce ^u ! annual production4 ,i am cit+ my exp]i5ce ) ! peanut n = ! purpose ( recomm5d+ ?is product1 = ,i am oblig$ to confess t ,i 0 soon compell$ to ab&on ! use ( peanut butt] prep>$ f roa/$ nuts1 = ! reason t ! process ( roa/+ r5d]s ! nut indige/ible to su* a degree t x 0 n adapt$ to ! use ( invalids1 b simply z an illu/ration ( ! read9ess ) :i* ! public accepts a new dietetic idea :5 x happ5s to /rike ! popul> fancy4 ,ways mu/ be f\nd to r5d] ! use ( nuts practical by adapt+ !m to our cul9>y & dietetic cu/oms & to ov]come ! popul> objections to _! use by a widespread & effici5t campaign ( education4 ,att5tion has already be5 call$ to ! sup]ior nutritive value ( ! nut4 ,x has o!r excell5cies well wor?y ( consid]ation2 = example1 ! prote9 ( nuts is ( ! v *oice/ "*4 ,rec5t inve/igations by ,rubn]1 ,osborne1 ,m5del1 & o!rs h %[n t e plant produces its own special v>ieties ( prote9s4 ,!re is inde$ a wide diff]5ce ev5 betwe5 ! prote9s ( v>i\s c]eals & ! prote9s ( _m vegetables diff] s widely 9 "* f ^? ( ! human body t x is d\btful :e!r to any ext5t !y c be utiliz$ = human nutrition4 ,=tunately ! potato is 9 ?is reg>d an exception & furni%es a v excell5t type ( prote94 ,?is objection does n apply to nuts4 ,! prote9s ( nuts are 9 fact s v closely alli$ to ^? ( ! animal body t food *emi/s ( a g5]ation ago ref]r$ to ! prote9 ( nuts z vegetable case9 because ( its exce$+ly close resemblance to ! prote9 ( milk4 ,! fats ( nuts1 _! lead+ food pr9ciple1 are ! mo/ dige/ible ( all =ms ( fat4 ,hav+ a high melt+ po9t1 !y are f> m dige/ible ?an animal fats ( any sort4 ,! indige/ibility ( beef & mutton fat has long be5 recogniz$4 ,! fat ( nuts mu* m closely resembles human fat ?an d fats ( ! sort m5tion$4 ,! importance ( ?is w be appreciat$ :5 att5tion is call$ to ! fact t fats ent]+ ! body d n und]go ! trans=mation *anges :i* take place 9 o!r food/uffs2 = example1 prote9 9 ! process ( dige/ion is brok5 into its ultimate molecul> units4 ,/>* is trans=m$ into sug>1 :i* s]ves z fuel to ! body1 b fats are s slightly modifi$ 9 ! process ( dige/ion & absorption t aft] rea*+ ! blood & ! tissues !y are recon/ruct$ into ! orig9al =m 9 :i* !y are eat52 t is1 beef fat is deposit$ 9 ! tissues z beef fat )\t und]go+ any *emical *ange :atev]2 mutton fat is deposit$ z mutton fat2 l>d z pig fat1 etc4 ,:5 ! body makes its own fat f />* & sug>1 ! natural s\rce ( ?is tissue elem5t1 ! product =m$ is sui g5]is & mu/ be bett] adapt$ to ! body uses ?an ! animal fat :i* 0 sui g5]is to a pig1 a %eep1 or a goat4 ,x is c]ta9ly a pleasant ?\ght t "o :o r\nds out 8 figure ) ! lusci\s fatness ( nuts may felicitate himself ^u ! fact t 8 tissues are p>ticipat+ 9 ! sweetness ( ! nut r ?an ! relics ( ! /y & ! %ambles4 ,x is true t nuts are poor 9 c>bohydrates2 t is1 !y conta9 no />* & little sug>1 b ?is defici5cy c be easily suppli$ by fruits1 z w be readily se5 by ref]5ce to ,table ,v4 ,( ! ?ree great food pr9ciples requir$ = human nutrition1 prote91 fats1 & c>bohydrates1 ! nut supplies two--prote9 & fats 9 ri* abundance1 & ( v f9e/ quality4 ,! am\nt ( prote9 f\nd 9 fruits ) v few exceptions is s small z to be insignificant2 fats are practically :olly abs5t f fruits1 :ile sug> & dextr9e are abundant4 ,fruits are ?us ! natural complem5t ( nuts4 ,! am\nt ( prote9 conta9$ 9 nuts is1 ) two or ?ree exceptions1 small z comp>$ ) meats1 & ev5 "s ( ! c]eals2 b ! /udies ( nutrition :i* h be5 made )9 ! la/ score ( ye>s by ,*itt5d5 & num]\s o!r inve/igators h cle>ly e/abli%$ ! fact t prote9 :i* is *iefly repres5t$ 9 ! ord9>y bill ( f>e by lean meat1 is ne$$ only 9 v small am\nt4 ,if ! am\nt ( prote9 eat5 equals t5 p] c5t ( ! total ration ! body w receive an abundant supply ( mat]ial = repair+ its nitrog5\s tissues1 ! only function = :i* prote9 is ess5tial4 ,"s nuts1 z ! p9e nut & ! peanut1 are ri* 9 prote94 ,a p\nd ( p9e nuts conta9s z mu* prote9 z a p\nd & a half ( lean meat1 besides furni%+ ! equival5t to two-?irds ( a p\nd ( butt]4 ,! almond is also ri* 9 prote94 ,b nuts h ano!r special excell5ce :i* is wor?y ( consid]ation4 ,rec5t rese>*es h %[n ! p>am\nt importance ( vitam9es--c]ta9 subtle elem5ts :i* are ne$$ to activate or set 9 op]ation v>i\s processes )9 ! body :i* are ess5tial to complete nutrition4 ,! vitam9es ( rice & o!r c]eals are remov$ ) ! bran2 h5ce an exclusive diet ( poli%$ rice gives rise to b]ib]i4 ,meat conta9s vitam9es 9 v small am\nts1 = vitam9es are produc$ only by plants4 ,! vitam9es f\nd 9 fle% foods repres5t only ! small residue ( ! supplies :i* ! animal ga!r$ f ! grass1 corn & o!r vegetable products :i* con/itute its food4 ,tw5ty ye>s ago1 :5 ! diet ( sailors consi/$ *iefly ( salt pork1 scurvy 0 a dread sc\rge :i* (t5 disabl$ :ole %ip crews & s5t _m a poor seaman into ,davy ,jones' lock]4 ,! cook+ ( animal foods de/roys ! vitam9es :i* !y conta94 ,infants suff] f scurvy :5 f$ on /]iliz$ or pa/euriz$ milk4 ,!re is good reason = believ+ t pellagra is due to a defici5cy ( vitam9es1 :i* are conspicu\sly abs5t f a diet>y consi/+ ( s[ belly1 molasses1 tea1 c(fee1 l>d1 cornmeal1 f9e fl\r & poli%$ rice4 ,nuts are ri* 9 vitam9es4 ,9 fact1 ! nut consi/s ( ! *oice/ aggregation ( all ! mat]ials ess5tial = ! build+ ( s\nd human tissues1 done up 9 a h]metically seal$ package ready to be deliv]$ by ! graci\s h& ( ,nature to ^? :o are =tunate en\gh to appreciate ! value ( ?is *oice/ ( all e>?'s b\nties4 ,z already not$1 nuts consi/ almo/ :olly ( ! two pr9ciples1 fat & prote94 ,! same is true ( meats4 ,nuts conta9 m fat & less prote9 & 9 ?is p>ticul> z well z o!rs :i* h be5 m5tion$ are bett] prep>$ to s]ve z nutri5ts to ! body ?an are meats4 ,besides1 nuts h ! advantage ( be+ clean1 free f ! products ( disease & putrefaction4 ,meats ( all sorts1 z f\nd 9 ! m>ket1 ) ! exception ( cann$ meats1 ab\nd ) putrefactive bact]ia to an a/oni%+ degree4 ,?is is true ( dri$1 smok$ & salt$ meats z well z ( ! fre% meats & game :i* are display$ ^u ! walls ( ! meat %op4 ,an exam9ation ( v>i\s meats made "s "t ago by ,a4 ,w4 ,nelson1 bact]iologi/ ( ! ,battle ,creek ,sanit>ium1 %[$ ! pres5ce ( putrefactive bact]ia 9 almo/ unbelievable numb]s1 z w be se5 by an inspection ( ! foll[+ table3 ,,table ,,vi4 ,no4 ,putrefactive ,specim54 ,bact]ia p] ounce4 #a4 ,l>ge sausage #ab1fjj1jjj1jjj #b4 ,small sausage #ai1hij1jjj1jjj #c4 ,r\nd /eak #af1hjj1jjj1jjj #d4 ,roa/ beef #af1hjj1jjj1jjj #e4 ,smok$ ham #a1bic1fjj1jjj #f4 ,hamburg] /eak #c1hgj1jjj1jjj #g4 ,pork #c1gha1bjj1jjj #h4 ,port]h\se /eak #ijj1jjj1jjj #i4 ,sirlo9 /eak #aa1cdj1jjj1jjj #aj4 ,t5d]lo9 7well done7 #gef1jjj1jjj #aa4 ,t5d]lo9 7r>e7 #e1jdj1jjj1jjj ,repeat$ subsequ5t exam9ations h giv5 simil> results4 ,^! results also agree ) obs]vations made by v>i\s o!r ,g]man & ,am]ican bact]iologi/s4 ,decomposition ( animal fle% beg9s imm$iately aft] ! animal dies4 ,)9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs aft] kill+1 ev5 ?\gh ! c>cass is kept 9 an ice box or refrig]at]1 ! :ole mass is p]meat$ ) putrefactive bact]ia4 ,refrig]ation ev5 to a po9t close to freez+ delays b does n prev5t ! gr[? ( putrefactive organisms al?\gh at l[] temp]atures ! usual volatile products :i* give notice ( ! pres5ce ( putrefaction by an odor ( decay are n produc$4 ,p]sons ^: /oma*s manufacture a lib]al am\nt ( hydro*loric acid1 an ess5tial con/itu5t ( heal?y ga/ric juice1 are able to dis9fect ev5 highly putresc5t meat1 s t !y app>5tly d n suff] any imm$iate injury :5 su* meat ent]s ! /oma*4 ,9 a /oma* :i* produces little or no hydro*loric acid1 ! process ( putrefaction cont9ues all ! way ?r\gh ! alim5t>y canal1 giv+ rise to ! same poison\s sub/ances :i* are pres5t 9 ! putrefy+ c>cass ( a dead rat or any o!r dead animal1 & produces inte/9al or alim5t>y toxemia ) ! multitude ( mis*iefs :i* gr[ out ( ?is condition1 among :i* may be m5tion$ all sorts ( sk9 tr\bles1 high blood-pressure1 apoplexy1 premature s5ility1 ,bright's disease1 he>t failure1 gall/ones--a li/ :i* might be increas$ by ! addition ( scores ( o!r common1 *ronic maladies4 ,:5 "o recalls ! /atem5t made be=e ! congressional committee by ! *ief ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates meat inspection s]vice t if all animals1 any "p ( :i* 0 diseas$1 7 reject$ by inspectors1 n m ?an "o 9 a hundr$ w\ld pass mu/]2 & :5 "o also reflects ^u ! wide preval5ce ( tub]culosis 9 animals1--at lea/ t5 p] c5t ( all ! c[s 9 ! c\ntry are kn[n to be tub]cul\s1--& ! gr[+ preval5ce ( tapeworm & tri*9ae1 diseases :i* are exclusively d]iv$ f ! eat+ ( fle%1 & !n contemplates ! purity & p]fection ( ! *oice little food packets :i* we call nuts1 x is easy to be p]suad$ t a sub/itution ( nuts = fle% foods1 ev5 on a v l>ge scale1 w\ld be n only a p]fectly safe proc$ure1 b "o :i* w\ld be foll[$ by ! mo/ desirable results4 ,! use ( nuts z a /aple article ( food is n an exp]im5t4 ,all ! high] apes1 man's ne>e/ relatives 9 ! animal _w1 ?rive on nuts4 ,_m savage tribes live almo/ entirely on nuts4 ,! ,indians ( ! foo?ills ( ,cali=nia ga!r e fall l>ge quantities ( nuts :i* !y /ore = w9t] use4 ,! e>ly settl]s ( ,cali=nia report$ also t _m tribes ( ,indians 9 t "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates liv$ almo/ :olly ^u acorns4 ,be=e ! great oak =e/s ( ?is c\ntry 7 cut d[n = lumb]1 millions ( hogs 7 fatt5$ on ma/1 & ! price ( pork dep5d$ m ^u ! acorn crop ?an on ! corn crop4 ,! peasantry ( s\!rn ,france & nor!rn ,italy dur+ half ! ye> make two meals a day on *e/nuts4 ,! objection commonly urg$1 t nuts are too exp5sive to ent] l>gely into ! ord9>y bill ( f>e1 at fir/ sight appe>s to be valid1 b ^u exam9ation ?is objection almo/1 if n :olly1 disappe>s4 ,= example1 a p\nd ( p9e nuts :i* is m ?an ! equival5t 9 nutritive value to two & a half p\nds ( ! be/ beef/eak & two-?irds ( a p\nd ( butt]1 c be b\ght :olesale = tw5ty-five c5ts4 ,! co/ ( ! equival5t food value 9 meat & butt] w\ld be at lea/ sixty to sev5ty c5ts1 or m ?an d\ble ! co/ ( ! nuts4 ,a p\nd ( almonds c be b\ght at :olesale = =ty c5ts1 & has food value equal to t ( meat :i* w\ld co/ a doll> or m4 ,a p\nd ( peanuts c be b\ght at :olesale = sev5 or eight c5ts1 & furni%es nutritive value equival5t to m ?an a p\nd ( beef/eak & a half a p\nd ( butt]1 :i* w\ld co/ =ty-five to fifty c5ts1 or sev5 times z mu*4 ,no objection c be (f]$ to ! fact t we are comp>+ :olesale ) retail prices1 = ! reason t nuts d n readily spoil z d meat & butt]1 b w keep 9 p]fect condition = mon?s4 ,fur!r x is entirely reasonable to suppose t ! price ( nuts may sometime 9 ! future be consid]ably r$uc$ :5 ! cultivation ( nuts becomes m g5]al1 & especially :5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,=e/ry ,dep>tm5t becomes conv9c$ t x w\ld be a s5sible ?+ to cov] ) nut trees "s ( ! l>ge areas :i* h 9 ! la/ fifty ye>s be5 laid wa/e by de=e/ation4 ,! plant+ ( nut trees along all ! public highways ( ! c\ntry w\ld 9 less ?an tw5ty ye>s result 9 a crop1 ! food value ( :i* w\ld be great] ?an t at pres5t produc$ by ! entire live/ock indu/ry ( ! c\ntry4 ,! high price ( meat ( :i* s mu* compla9t has be5 made 9 rec5t ye>s is n likely to rec$e4 ,! high price is n due to manipulations ( ! m>ket1 b to natural causes1 ! *ief ( :i* is ! limitation ( pa/urage & is ! consequ5ce ( a decrease 9 ! numb] ( live/ock4 ,z ! c\ntry becomes m & m d5sely settl$1 ! difficulty ( supply+ ! dem& = meat w increase1 & 9 "t ! necessity = utiliz+ e foot ( gr\nd 9 ! mo/ effici5t mann]1 w necess>ily br+ ab\t a *ange 9 ! dietetic habits ( ! p4 ,n a s+le example c be f\nd 9 ! _w ( a d5sely populat$ c\ntry dep5d5t ^u its own res\rces 9 :i* fle% foods con/itute any consid]able "p ( ! national bill ( f>e4 ,s9ce ,g]many has be5 ne>ly %ut (f f ! outside _w by ! pres5t w>1 ! gov]nm5t has f\nd x necess>y to re/rict ! consumption ( meat to "o-half p\nd p] week = ea* adult4 ,all o!r ,european c\ntries are equally dep5d5t on outside s\rces = _! meat supply4 ,! "t w c]ta9ly come :5 nuts & nut trees w become a mo/ important food res\rce4 ,if a re=m 9 ?is direction c\ld be effect$ )9 ! next t5 ye>s1 ! result w\ld be a disappe>ance to a l>ge ext5t ( ! compla9t ( ! high co/ ( liv+4 ,mr4 ,hill said ! basis = compla9t 0 n ! high co/ ( liv+1 b ! co/ ( high liv+4 ,i %\ld pref] to say t ! real cause = compla9t 0 wrong liv+ r ?an high liv+1 or necess>ily high co/4 ,) "r liv+ ! co/ w be automatically r$uc$4 ,= example1 suppose a p]son 7 cont5t to *oose ! peanut z 8 s\rce = prote9 & fat1 ! elim9ation ( ! but*]'s bill = meat & ! groc]'s bill = butt] w\ld at once cut out two-?irds ( ! exp5se incurr$ = food4 ,:5 a /ud5t 9 college m ?an =ty ye>s ago1 ,i 0 already mak+ dietetic exp]im5ts & liv$ ?ree mon?s on a diet su* z ,i h sugge/$1 at an av]age exp5se ( exactly six c5ts a day4 ,?is 0 ! total am\nt exp5d$ = raw food/uffs4 ,i paid my l&lady five times z mu* = prep>+ & s]v+ ! food1 & _h reason = believ+ t "s portion ( my supplies 0 utiliz$ by o!rs ?an myself4 ,z evid5ce ( ! fact t ! exp]im5t 0 n dang]\s1 ,i may add t ,i h pursu$ ! same meatless diet>y dur+ my entire lifetime s9ce1 z ,i _h done = t5 ye>s be=e1 & ,i am /ill alive & h>d at "w4 ,man is naturally a frugivor\s animal4 ,accord+ to ,cuvi]1 ! great ,fr5* naturali/1 ! natural diet ( human be+s1 l t ( ^? o!r primates1 ! orang\tang1 ! *impanzee1 & ! gorilla1 consi/s ( fruits1 nuts1 t5d] %oots & c]eals4 ,a /urdy ,scot* highl&] in=m$ me t 8 diet consi/$ ( brose1 bannocks1 & potatoes1 & t he r>ely ev] ta/$ meat4 ,:5 ask$ :at he f$ 8 dogs1 he repli$1 ,! same z ,i eat myself1 sir4 ,! high-br$ foxh\nds ( ! s\!rn /ates are f$ on cornmeal1 oatmeal & bread1 & r>ely ta/e fle% ( any sort4 ,dogs ?us f$ are h>di]1 heal?i]1 h m endurance1 bett] w9d1 ke5] sc5t1 great] intellig5ce1 & are m easily tra9$ ?an meat-f$ dogs4 ,a diet :i* is safe = c>nivor\s animals1 mu/ c]ta9ly be safe = human be+s1 :o belong to a class ( animals all repres5tatives ( :i*1 ) ! exception ( man are fle% ab/a9]s4 ,"s ye>s ago ,i exp]im5t$ ) v>i\s sorts ( c>nivor\s animals = ! purpose ( asc]ta9+ :e!r nuts c\ld be made a complete sub/itute = meat4 ,among ! v>i\s animals utiliz$ = ! exp]im5t 0 a "y wolf f ! nor?we/ t _h nev] eat5 any?+ b fre% raw meat4 ,aft] giv+ ! animal "o day to get accu/om$ to its new surr\nd+s & to acquire a good appetite1 ,i gave him a breakfa/ ( nuts prop]ly prep>$ & 0 delight$ to f9d t he took to ! new ration )\t ! slighte/ hesitation & rema9$ 9 excell5t heal? dur+ ! sev]al mon?s ( ! exp]im5t4 ,i succe$$ p]fectly 9 sub/itut+ nuts = meat ) all ! animals exp]im5t$ ^u1 includ+ a fi% hawk1 ) ! s+le exception ( an old bald-head$ eagle1 :i* refus$ to be conv]t$4 ,i h a suspicion t ! s-call$ c>nivor\s animals 7 all at "s remote "t nut eat]s2 ! s-call$ c>nivor\s tee? w\ld be z useful 9 te>+ (f ! husks ( cocoanuts & simil> fruits1 z = te>+ & eat+ fle%4 ,an economic argum5t = ! g5]al adoption ( nuts z a suitable article ( food is ! enorm\s increase 9 food res\rces :i* su* a *ange w\ld br+ ab\t4 ,"s ye>s ago1 an exp]i5c$ /ock-rais] in=m$ ! writ] t x takes two acres ( l& & two ye>s to produce a /e] weigh+ #fjj p\nds :5 dress$4 ,fre% meat is ?ree-f\r?s wat]2 h5ce ! food mat]ial actually repres5t$ by su* an animal w\ld be consid]ably less ?an "o hundr$ & fifty p\nds1 all[+ = ! weight ( ! bones4 ,! food value1 e/imat$ z dri$ meat1 w\ld be ab\t sixte5 hundr$ calories p] p\nd1 or ! same z an equal quantity ( :eat meal4 ,t is1 an acre ( l& w\ld produce 9 ! =m ( beef1 ! food equival5t ( sev5ty-five p\nds ( :eat 9 two ye>s1 :]eas1 a s+le acre ( gra9 w\ld produce on an av]age1 ev5 :5 poorly cultivat$1 9 two crops n less ?an ?irty-two bu%els ( m ?an #aijj p\nds ( :eat1 or m ?an tw5ty-five times z mu* food z ! same l& w\ld produce 9 ! same l5g? ( "t 9 ! =m ( beef4 ,humboldt %[$ t ! banana w\ld furni% su/5ance = tw5ty-five times z _m p z c\ld be n\ri%$ by ! :eat produc$ by ! same area ( l&2 & accord+ to ,hut*9son1 ! *e/nut tree is capable ( produc+ on a giv5 area a /ill l>g] am\nt ( nutri5t mat]ial ?an ! banana4 ,9 o!r words1 an acre ( gr\nd cov]$ ) *e/nut trees 9 full be>+ w furni% food = m ?an six hundr$ times z _m p z c\ld be support$ by ! same area devot$ to meat production4 ,z a s\rce ( prote9 & fats ! nut is va/ly sup]ior to ! ox & ! pig4 ,! nut is sweet]1 clean]1 saf]1 heal?i] & *eap] ?an any possible s\rce ( animal products4 ,?is *oice/ product ( ,nature's laboratory is j beg9n+ to be appreciat$4 ,:5 ! ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association celebrates its "o hundr$? anniv]s>y1 x is safe to pr$ict t ! desc5dants ( ! pres5t g5]ation ( nut gr[]s :o h foll[$ ! example ( _! =ebe>s1 w be liv+ 9 opul5ce & w be reg>d$ z ! saviors ( _! c\ntry1 :ile ! great abattoirs & meat pack+ e/abli%m5ts w h ceas$ to exi/1 & ! m]ry click ( ! nut crack] w be he>d ?r\gh\t ! l&4 ,,extracts ,,f ,a ,,lett] ,,f ,,colonel ,j4 ,c4 ,,coop]1 ,,( ,mc,m,i,n,n,v,i,l,l,e1 ,,oregon1 ,,presid5t ,,( ,,! ,,we/]n ,,walnut ,,association4 7,prep>$ by ,w4 ,j4 ,,spillman1 ,*ief ( ! ,(fice ( ,f>m ,managem5t ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agr41 to be read at ! #g? ,annual ,meet+ ( ! ,n4 ,n4 ,g4 ,a47 ,x is probable t ! prom95ce giv5 ! walnut gr[+ indu/ry 9 ,oregon & ! ,nor?we/ is great] ?an ! f9i%$ product w ju/ify at pres5t1 yet x is gr[+ all ! "t 9 spite ( ! me?ods 9 use4 ,i say 9 spite ( ! me?ods r ?an because ( ! me?ods 9 use1 = ! reason t hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( trees h be5 set out 9 ! la/ t5 or twelve ye>s1 a majority ( :i* h fail$ to meet ! expectations ( ! w\ld-be gr[]s4 ,^! expectations1 h[ev]1 h be5 bas$ l>gely on ! /atem5ts ( boom lit]ature ( ^? :o h trees & l&s = sale4 ,we h mu* l& 9 ,we/]n ,oregon t is suit$ to ! gr[+ ( walnuts1 & "s trees & or*>ds t are do+ well1 b !re are m individual trees t are giv+ _! own]s pr(its ?an !re are or*>ds4 ,! indu/ry w cont9ue to gr[1 ,i w repeat aga91 9 spite ( ! cultural me?ods we use1 b we mu/ c]ta9ly *ange our me?ods or our trees1 or bo?4 ,! excell5ce ( ! ,oregon walnut is beyond "q4 ,! gold & silv] m$als t we h captur$1 z well z ! te/imony ( deal]s :o are bidd+ = our product = _! fancy trade1 is evid5ce ( its excell5t quality4 ,b !re are _m ?+s t ent] 9 ! mak+ ( ! p]fect nut4 ,ev5 aft] ! tree has ca/ d[n its gold5 %[] ( ! f9e/ product1 ! ga!r+1 wa%+ & dry+ makes = ! sweetness ( ! nut4 ,:5 ,i see m5 :o make a success 9 o!r l9es ( horticulture & f>m+ pull+ out walnut trees because !y h plant$ a *eap lot or are too impati5t = ! h>ve/1 & o!rs br++ sackfulls ( ! f9e/ nuts to m>ket1 discolor$ & dirty f hav+ la9 on ! wet gr\nd = days & weeks1 ,i sometimes ?9k t x is a long1 long way to ,tipp]>y4 ,b my he>t's "r !re1 & our association is do+ h]oic "w1 al?\gh b two ye>s old2 we get our committees toge!r two or ?ree times a ye>1 comp>e notes & crack ! :ip = ano!r run4 ,!n :5 we get toge!r 9 annual conv5tion !re is some?+ do+4 ,we cut out ! frills & get at once to bus9ess4 ,no welcomes by ! mayor & response by ,colonel ,long ,b[ ) a brass b&1 b r l ! wom5 at ! fi% m>ket3 ,h yees any nice fi%1 ,mrs4 ,maloney8 ,indade1 ,i h1 ,mrs4 ,flanigan4 ,!y /9k4 ,y lie4 ,& t is ! way our fight usually />ts1 only n s vigor\sly1 ( c\rse4 ,we h "o committee t is all important & is do+ f9e "w4 ,! committee on se$l+ v>ieties is mak+ a survey ( ! we/]n /ates to f9d a v>iety or v>ieties be/ suit$ to ! soil & climate ( ! diff]5t localities4 ,?is committee includes ! be/ m5 available = t "w2 ,h4 ,m4 ,williamson1 secret>y ( our /ate bo>d ( horticulture1 *airman2 ,c4 ,i4 ,lewis1 *ief ( division ( horticulture1 ,corvallis2 ,leon ,d4 ,bat*elor1 exp]im5t /ation1 ,riv]side1 ,cali=nia2 ,a4 ,a4 ,qu>nb]g1 gr[] & exp]im5t]1 ,vanc\v]1 ,wa%+ton2 ,e4 ,w4 ,ma!ws1 ext5sive plant]1 ,portl&1 & ,*>les ,l4 ,mc,nary1 plant]1 ,salem4 ,mr4 ,mc,nary told me ye/]day t he _h made a survey ( ?irty-five v f9e trees1 on blank c>ds simil> to ! "o enclos$4 ,we expect to h ! record ( at lea/ #bjj trees by ! "t ( our conv5tion4 ,only ^? t approa* ! /&>d want$ are li/$4 ,to give ! product ( ! walnut crop ( ! /ate w\ld only be a wild guess4 ,! sy/em & ma*9]y t we h = f9d+ out h[ mu* we raise is only 9 embryo4 ,! e/imates rea* all ! way f #ajj1jjj to #ejj1jjj p\nds4 ,!re is a good crop ?is ye> & ! output = ! m>ket is gr[+ rapidly4 ,we ne$ education m ?an we d gr[]s4 ,b we are le>n+4 ,i want to give y "s facts ( ?+s t ,i f9d4 ,ye/]day at ! or*>d ( ,alex ,lafollette1 ,/ate ,s5ator f ,m>ion c\nty1 & pea* k+ ( ! ,willamette ,valley1 ,i f\nd sev5-ye>-old walnut trees plant$ 9 r[s among 8 pea* trees1 walnut trees plant$ sixte5 feet ap>t6 ,he said t 8 trees 7 full ( little walnuts 9 ! spr+1 b !y all dropp$ (f1 & he did n ?9k !y w\ld d well !re4 ,he said !re 7 no catk9s on ! little trees1 :i* acc\nts = ! failure ( 8 crop4 ,?is he did n "k4 ,& he did n "k t ! trees w\ld produce ! catk9s 9 a ye> or s & rem$y ! failures4 ,9 ! fam\s ,dundee or*>ds ,i pick$ up h&fuls ( little fibr\s roots1 photo ( :i* ,i s5t y1 t _h be5 torn up by ! pl[ & h>r[ :5 cultivat+ ! walnut trees4 ,bales ( ^! roots c\ld be ga!r$ up f ! gr\nd "u ! trees4 ,! own] said t x did ! trees good to treat !m t way4 ,ano!r black walnut tree t ,i visit$ 9 a cultivat$ field ( good deep1 ri* soil1 ,i f\nd walnut roots protrud+ f ! pl[$ gr\nd z f> away z #ajh feet f ! tree4 ,! tree 0 ?irty or =ty ye>s old4 ,x w\ld add greatly to ! walnut indu/ry ( ! future if ! ,=e/ ,s]vice w\ld plant black walnuts 9 ! hills & m\nta9s betwe5 "h & ! coa/4 ,y "k 9 t burnt timb] section & v>i\s localities 9 ! coa/ m\nta9s !re are _m places :]e eight or t5 nut trees to ! acre w\ld soon give a good acc\nt ( !mselves4 ,if prop]ly plant$1 9 five or t5 ye>s !y c\ld be topgraft$ to a good ,engli% v>iety & add greatly to ! value ( ! public doma9 z well z ! food products ( ! nation4 ,we h no native walnuts1 b almo/ e v>iety "u ! sun w gr[ "h4 ,,we/]n ,,walnut ,,association4 ,,se$l+ ,,walnut ,,tree ,,record4 ,no4444444 ,made4444444444444 #aia44444444 by4444444444444444444444444 ,own]44444444444444444444444444444444444 444444444444444444444444444 ,p4 ,o44444444444444444444 ,/ate44444444444444 ,r\te44444444444444444 ,exact location44444444444444444444444444444444 444444444444444444444 ,,nut--,orig9444444444444444444444444444 44444444444444444444444444444 ,v>iety444444444444444444444444444444444 4444 plant$444444444444444 ,,tree--,orig944444444444444444444444444 444444 age n[444444444444444 ,transplant$ #ai4444444444444444 ,dia4 trunk4444444444444444444444444 ,height444444444444444444444444444444444 spread444444444444444444444 ,,dates--( budd+ out4444444444444444444444444444444444444 444444444 catk9 blooms4444444444444444444444444 nut blooms444444444444444444 leaves fall444444444444444444444444444 nuts fall4444444444444444444 9 #a-lb4 k]nel wt444444444444444 oz4 %ell wt44444444444444444 oz4 ,,nuts--,p] tree44444444444 lbs4 ,9 clu/]444444444444 9 lb4444444 r\nd144 oval144 po9t$144 smoo?14444 n well seal$444444444444 ,,k]nel--light1 d>k1 n easily remov$ f %ell4 ,tann9--little excessive4 ,tree vigor444444444444 ,blight4444444444444444 p] c5t4444444444444 ,,pres5t ,,at #aiaf ,,meet+ ,l4 ,h4 ,ott1 #agdf ,t ,/41 ,wa%+ton ,j4 ,c4 ,smi?1 ,h\se ( ,rep4 ,p4 ,o4 ,fr$4 ,l4 ,fi%back1 #fji ,union ,tru/ ,bldg41 ,wa%+ton ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,w4 ,e4 ,*amb]l91 #dd ,r ,/41 ,n4 ,e4 ,dr4 ,taylor1 ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture ,dr4 ,true1 ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture ,miss ,f4 ,cadel1 ,%ep>d ,/41 ,*evy ,*ase1 ,md4 ,f4 ,s4 ,holmes1 ,ag4 ,ex4 ,/a41 ,college ,p>k1 ,md4 ,dr4 ,hassall1 ,b[ie1 ,md4 ,m4 ,p4 ,re$1 ,v9c5nes1 ,ind4 ,c>l ,poll1 ,danville ,h>ry ,r4 ,web]1 ,c9c9nati ,j4 ,russell ,smi?1 ,r\nd ,hill ,e4 ,b4 ,crockett1 ,monroe1 ,va4 ,r4 ,t4 ,morris1 ,n4 ,y4 ,city ,w4 ,c4 ,dem+1 ,conn4 ,mrs4 ,w4 ,c4 ,dem+ ,jacob ,l4 ,rife1 ,camp ,hill1 ,pa41 ,r4 ,d4 #a ,paul ,:ite1 ,b[ie1 ,md4 ,john ,h4 ,fi%]1 ,jr4 ,mrs4 ,john ,h4 ,fi%]1 ,jr41 ,brad%aw1 ,md4 ,miss ,ell5 ,m4 ,littlepage ,miss ,l\ise ,littlepage ,john ,littlepage ,c4 ,a4 ,van ,duzee ,w4 ,n4 ,hutt ,w4 ,n4 ,rop] ,r4 ,t4 ,olcott ,t4 ,p4 ,littlepage ,dr4 ,van ,fleet1 ,gl5dale1 ,md4 ,a4 ,c4 ,%eph]d1 ,wa%+ton ,*as4 ,s4 ,hayd51 ,baltimore ,c4 ,a4 ,re$1 ,wa%+ton ,mrs4 ,re$ ,w4 ,ba?on1 ,/> report] ,h5ry ,/abl]1 ,wa%+ton ,h4 ,m4 ,simpson1 ,v9c5nes ,c4 ,s4 ,ridgway1 ,lumb]ton ,mrs4 ,ridgway ,c4 ,p4 ,close ,m4 ,b4 ,waite ,r4 ,l4 ,mc,coy ,dr4 ,ira ,ulman ,rev4 ,e4 ,n4 ,kirby1 ,ball/on1 ,va4 ,s4 ,m4 ,mc,murran1 ,wa%+ton ,dr4 ,augu/us ,/abl]1 #de ,r ,/41 ,n4 ,e41 ,wa%+ton ,c4 ,m4 ,/e>ns1 #ahcc ,dumont ,/41 ,wa%+ton ,e4 ,c4 ,pom]oy ,a4 ,d4 ,rob9son1 ,wa%+ton ,james ,t9daw1 ,wat]bury1 ,md4 ,miss ,ka!r9e ,/u>t1 ,alex&ria1 ,va4 ,h5ry ,t4 ,f9ley1 ,rockville1 ,md4 ,mrs4 ,f9ley ,mrs4 ,f4 ,l4 ,mul=d1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,b4 ,eyre1 ,wa%+ton ,mrs4 ,eyre ,j4 ,g4 ,ru% ,j4 ,f4 ,jones ,dr4 ,kell]mann ,dr4 ,hav5 ,metcalf ,miss ,m>?a ,ru% ,miss ,s>ah ,g>v91 ,lanca/] ,h4 ,a4 ,/ew>t1 ,jeann]ette1 ,la4 ,mr4 ,bryan1 ,b[ie ,miss ,edna ,mc,naughton1 ,middleville1 ,mi*4 ,mr4 ,c4 ,e4 ,emig1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,a4 ,c4 ,br[n1 ,lanham1 ,md4 ,v9c5nes ,nurs]ies ,w4 ,c4 ,,re$1 ,proprietor ,,v9c5nes1 ,,indiana1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 ,,propagators ,,& ,,introduc]s ,budd$ & ,graft$ ,pecans1 ,h>dy ,nor!rn ,v>ieties ,engli% 7,p]sian7 ,walnut ,graft$ on ,black ,walnut ,be/ ,nor!rn & ,fr5* ,v>ieties ,graft$ ,?omas ,black ,walnut ,graft$ ,p]simmons1 be/ sorts ,h>dy ,almonds ,filb]ts & ,hazelnuts ,also ,g5]al ,l9e ,nurs]y ,/ock ,,special ,,nut ,,catalogue ,,on ,,reque/ 99 99 99 99 99 ,,jones' ,,p5nsylvania ,,gr[n ,,nut ,,trees ,,w ,,succe$ ,,) ,,y4 ,,write ,,= ,a ,,copy ,,( ,,my #aiag ,,catalogue ,,& ,,new ,,price ,,li/ ,if int]e/$ 9 ! propagation ( nut trees or top-work+ se$l+ trees1 ask = a copy ( my booklet on propagation & li/ ( tools444 ,j4 ,f4 ,,jones1 ,! ,nut ,tree ,speciali/ ,,lanca/]1 ,,pa4 ,nor!rn ,nut ,trees ,:y ,plant ,nut ,trees8 ,v>ieties3 ,,pecans4 ,,black ,,walnuts4 ,,engli% ,,walnuts4 ,,hickory ,,nuts4 ,,:5 ,,to ,,set ,,nut ,,trees4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,set ,,nut ,,trees4 ,,di/ance ,,ap>t ,,to ,,set ,,nut ,,trees4 ,,soil ,,= ,,nut ,,trees4 ,,f]tiliz] ,,= ,,nut ,,trees4 ,,nut ,,trees ,,z ,,ornam5tals4 ,,nut ,,trees ,,= ,,pr(it4 ,d y want to "k ab\t all ( ! above8 ,if s1 write = our beautiful illu/rat$ catalogue = #aiag4 ,m>yl& ,nut ,nurs]ies ,,b[ie1 ,,m>yl&4 ,,?omas ,p4 ,,littlepage ,,paul ,,:ite ,p4 ,s4 ,we =got to say t we n only h ! answ]s to ! above b we also h ! trees4 ,m4 ,n4 ,n4 ,,*e/] ,,valley ,,nurs]ies ,,e/abli%$ #ahec ,*oice ,fruit & ,ornam5tal ,trees1 ,*]ry ,trees on ,mazz>d ,roots1 ,h>dy ,ev]gre5s1 ,fl[]+ ,%rubs1 ,h$ge ,plants1 etc4 ,orig9ators ( ! ,,?omas ,,black ,,walnut ,,jos4 ,w4 ,,?omas ,,sons1 ,k+ ( ,prussia ,p4 ,o41 ,,montgom]y ,,co41 ,,p5na4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,good ,,way ,,to ,,keep ,,po/$ ,,is ,,to ,,read ,,! ,,mon?ly ,,am]ican ,,nut ,,j\rnal ,,(ficial ,,j\rnal ,,( ,,! ,,nor!rn ,,association ,,subscription--#a4be p] ye>2 ,,adv]tis+-#af ,c5ts p] ,agate ?ree ye>s1 #c4jj2 ,canada l9e2 #b4aj p] in*4 & =eign1 #ej;c4 extra4 ,,am]ican ,,fruits ,,publi%+ ,,co41 ,inc41 ,,ro*e/]1 ,n4 ,y4