,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,ext]nal ,,affairs1     
,,melb\rne4        ,,au/ralia3 ,! ,dairy
 ,c\ntry        ,dairy ,f>m]s are       
specially invit$ & assi/$ to come to    
,au/ralia because x is consid]$ t 9 a   
progressive "y      ,c\ntry ) s mu*     
,t]ritory adapt$ = ,dairy+ su* ,settl]s 
w advance ! int]e/ ( ! ,c\ntry & (      
!mselves4        ,,publi%$ ,,"u ,,!     
,,au?ority ,,( ,,! ,,m9i/] ,,( ,,/ate   
,,= ,,ext]nal      ,,affairs1           
,,melb\rne1 ,,au/ralia 4 4 4 4 #aiae4   
,by ,au?ority3 ,mc,c,a,r,r,o,n1 ,,bird  
,,co41 ,pr9t]s4 #dgi ,coll9s ,/reet1    
,melb\rne4   ,illu/ration3 ,note ! ,%$d+
 is ( v light description4              
,,cont5ts4                              
,,page       ,bacon-,cur+               
#dh      ,bee ,f>m+                     
#ba      ,bre$s ( ,cattle 9 ,use        
#cc      ,butt] ,export$                
#aa      ,*eese-mak+                    
#dg      ,cle>+ ,l&                     
#de      ,cond5s$ ,milk                 
#cf      ,conditions ( ,selection       

#de      ,co-op4 ,factories1 ,facilities
 giv5       #cf      ,co/ ( ,/>t+ a ,f>m
                  #bg1 #cd      ,dairy  
,h]ds                              #dg  
,exp]i5ces ( ,f>m]s                     
#ce      ,facilities ,(f]$ to ,dairym5  
#ca1 #ch1 #db      ,gov'mnt4 ,assi/ance 
to ! ,f>m]        #ca      ,grasses     
#ce      ,gr[? ( ! ,indu/ry             
#aj      ,lab\r ,conditions             
#e      ,l& = ,dairy ,f>m+              
#bf1 #ca1 #cb1 #dc      ,l&1 ,price (   
#bf1 #cc1 #dc      ,monet>y ,aid to     
,settl]s                 #be      ,new  
,s\? ,wales                             
#bf-bg      ,pig ,rais+                 
#ad      ,p\ltry ,f>m+                  
#bj      ,pr(it p] ,c[                  
#cc1 #dj      ,que5sl&                  
#ca-cf      ,seasons                    
#g      ,s\? ,au/ralia                  
#cg-dj      ,%>e ,sy/em ( ,dairy+       
#bb      ,size ( ,av]age ,h]d           
#cd      ,/ate ,sup]vision              
#ab      ,/ock1 ,price (                

#cc      ,tasmania                      
#dd-dh      ,victoria                   
#bg-ca      ,we/]n ,au/ralia            
#dj-dd      ,w9t] ,fe$                  
#ce          ,in=mation ,conc]n+        
,,au/ralia      may be obta9$ on        
application to--        ,,9 ,,am]ica3   
,,au/ralian ,,pavilion1      ,,panama   
,,pacific ,,exhibition4       ,,niel    
,,niels51 ,esq41      ,trade &          
,immigration ,commission] = ,new ,s\?   
,wales1      #dai ,m>ket ,/reet1 ,san   
,francisco4       ,f4 ,t4 ,a4 ,,fricke1 
,esq41      ,l& & ,immigration ,ag5t =  
,victoria1      #fhg ,m>ket ,/reet1 ,san
 ,francisco4        ,,9 ,,london3       
,! ,high ,commission] =      ,,!        
,,commonweal? ,,( ,,au/ralia1      #gb  
,victoria ,/reet1 ,we/m9/]1 ,london1    
,s4,w4        ,,9 ,,au/ralia3       ,,! 
,,secret>y1      ,,dep>tm5t ,,(         
,,ext]nal ,,affairs1      ,coll9s &     
,spr+ ,/reets1 ,melb\rne4     ,!        
suitability ( ,au/ralia z a c\ntry = !  
dairyman is ref]r$ to 9 ! report ( !    

,scotti% ,agricultural ,commission1,a :o
 t\r$ ! ,/ates ( ! ,commonweal? 9       
#aiaj-aa1 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3--            
,illu/ration3 ,an up-to-date ,milk+     
,y>d4       ,! practice ( dairy+1 9 a   
limit$ dome/ic s5se1 z appli$      to ! 
milk+ ( a few c[s & ! mak+ ( a little   
butt] &      *eese = family use1 is z   
old z ! hi/ory ( mank9d1 & 9      t     
re/rict$ mean+ dairy+ has be5 c>ri$ on 9
 ,au/ralia      s9ce ! arrival ( ! fir/ 
settl]s4 ,b ! indu/ry z      exi/+ !re  
to-day is a va/ly diff]5t matt]1 be+    
already      ( great importance1 &      
promis+ rapid & ext5sive developm5t4    
,x is a "y indu/ry1 s rec5tly out ( its 
infancy t if ?is      report _h be5     
writt5 fifte5 ye>s ago ! section on     
dairy+      might h be5 almo/ z brief z 
! fam\s *apt] on snakes 9      ,irel&4  
,illu/ration3 ,cream ,c>ts at !         
,factory4       ,! live /ock br\ght to  
,sydney by ,capta9 ,phillip 9 #aghh1 &  
s5t to propagate _! k9d at ,f>m ,cove1  
consi/$ ( "o bull1      f\r c[s1 "o     

calf1 & sev5 pigs4 ,_! desc5dants 9     
#aijh      includ$ ab\t t5 & a-half     
millions ( cattle1 ( :i* ne>ly      two 
millions 7 dairy c[s4 ,?is is ab\t "o c[
 = e two      p]sons 9 ! ,commonweal?1  
:i* seems a l>ge proportion1 b z      x 
means only "o c[ = e two squ>e miles 9  
,au/ralia1      !re is ample room =     
expansion4 ,9 ,great ,brita9 we h ab\t  
tw5ty-six c[s = e squ>e mile1 & only "o 
c[ = e      fifte5 p4 ,^! figures       
indicate t 9 proportion to its          
population ,au/ralia is mu* m ( a dairy+
 c\ntry ?an ,great      ,brita91 b t 9  
proportion to its area1 x has develop$ !
      indu/ry mu* less ext5sively1 & is 
/ill capable ( mak+      enorm\s gr[?4  
,until )9 comp>atively rec5t ye>s !re 0 
little dairy+ any:]e 9 ! ,commonweal?1 &
 :at little !re      0 appe>s to h be5  
c>ri$ on by some:at primitive me?ods4   
,mod]n developm5ts1 ! spread ( sci5tific
 k1 !      fo/]+ c>e ( ,gov]nm5t1 &1    
above ev]y?+1 ! adv5t (      ! sep>ator1
 ( ! milk+ ma*9e1 & ( ! freez] h        

*ang$ all t4 ,to-day ! indu/ry is       
prosp]+ & full (      promise4444       
,!re is no d5y+ ! fact t e ,/ate 9 !    
,commonweal?      has ext5sive di/ricts 
:]e dairy+ c\ld be c>ri$ on v           
pr(itably4 ,inde$ !re mu/ be v few p>ts 
( ! _w :]e      ,nature does s mu* to   
help & s little to h9d] ! provid5t      
& indu/ri\s produc] ( milk4       ,! mo/
 important advantage ( all is und\bt$ly 
! climate1      & t1 l _m ano!r ?+ (    
value1 is a good s]vant1 b      a bad   
ma/]4 ,x w\ld n be easy to ov]/ate !    
b5efit a      dairyman receives f be+   
reliev$ ( ! ne$ = h\s+1      h&-fe$+1 & 
t5d+ 8 c[s dur+ a long w9t]4 ,8 c[s     
are heal?i]1 _! fe$+ co/s less1 !re is  
no clean+ (      byres1 no wa%+ (       
floors1 no prep>+ ( food1 no nev]-end+  
c>t+ ( turnips1 no fill+ ( %$s ) hay or 
/raw4 ,8      anxiety1 8 "w1 & 8 exp5se 
are r$uc$ by half1 ?r\gh !      simple  
ag5cy ( a fri5dly climate4 ,& yet ?is   
same climate is      also 8 mo/ dang]\s 
enemy4       ,!re are c]ta9ly also      

adv]se influ5ces :i* mu/ n be           
=gott51 b a c>eful exam9ation ( ! :ole  
position w      probably lead to !      
conclusion t ,au/ralia is1 on ! :ole1 a 
good dairyman's c\ntry4       ,!        
advantages include3--7#a7 ,*eap l&1 7#b7
 *eap c[s1 7#c7      inexp5sive build+s1
 7#d7 a climate p]mitt+ c[s to be 9 !   
op5 all ! ye> r\nd1 7#e7 a conv5i5t     
m>ket & a fair price      at !          
factories1 7#f7 helpful ,gov]nm5t       
sup]vision4       ,! disadvantages      
are3--7#a7 ,de> & sc>ce lab\r1 7#b7 an  
inf]ior /ock ( milk c[s1 7#c7 occasional
 dry seasons1 & 7#d7      ! f>m]'s      
inexp]i5ce & ignorance ( sci5tific      
dairy+4  ,^! sev]al po9ts are t\*$ on 9 
?is pamphlet 9 ! *apt]s deal+ ) !       
individual ,/ates1 b "s g5]al rem>ks are
 (f]$ "h 9 reg>d to ! f\r po9ts m5tion$ 
z op]at+ disadvantage\sly4  7#a7 ,de> & 
,sc>ce ,lab\r4--,e "y c\ntry at times   
exp]i5ces ! difficulty ( procur+        
suffici5t skill$ assi/ance to keep pace 
) ! rapid expansion ( its indu/ries4    

,au/ralia is no exception4 ,dairy f>m]s 
!re h n always be5 able to obta9        
exp]i5c$ milk]s4 ,! f>m] ) *ildr5 old   
en\gh to assi/ him is at a great        
advantage1 & "s ( ! mo/ successful dairy
 f>ms 9 ! ,commonweal? are work$ ma9ly  
by ! own]s & _! families4 ,b :]e ! h]d  
is too l>ge1 or ! family too small1 !   
milk+ ma*9e1 :i* is really a valuable   
aid to ! dairyman1 has be5 press$ into  
use1 ) satisfactory results4            
,illu/ration3 ,a f9e h]d ( ,hol/e9s4    
,!re is no d\bt t rapid z has be5 !     
expansion ( ?is indu/ry 9 ,au/ralia1 its
 developm5t has be5 di/9ctly ret>d$ by !
 want ( reliable milk]s4  ,b :at is !   
f>m]'s bane is ! f>m lab\r]'s boon4 ,!  
sc>city ( lab\r has *eck$ ! f>m]'s      
op]ations1 b x gives ! man seek+        
employm5t a wid] field4  ,compet5t      
milk]s readily f9d employm5t at #d4hj to
 #f4jj p] week & keep4 ,9 e important   
di/rict good dairy h&s also h facilities
 ext5d$ to !m = ent]+ into arrangem5ts =
 dairy+ on %>es1 ) pr(it to !mselves    

7see pp4 #af-ah74  7#b7 ,an ,inf]ior    
,/ock ( ,milk ,c[s4--,! fact t :ile 9 _m
 di/ricts !re are to be f\nd dairy h]ds 
av]ag+ b>ely #cjj gallons p] c[ p]      
annum1 ) a butt] fat p]c5tage ( little  
ov] #c4e1 c>ri$ on ! same class ( l& z  
h]ds :i* av]age ov] #ejj gallons p] c[1 
) ov] #d p] c5t4 butt] fat1 w enable any
 dairy f>m] to realise h[ mu* room !re  
is = improvem5t 9 ?is ?riv+ "y indu/ry1 
& :at scope !re is = ! man accu/om$ to  
get ! be/ results f 8 l& & 8 h]d4 ,b !  
,gov]nm5ts ( ! respective ,/ates af=d   
special facilities by way ( import+ &   
plac+ at ! disposal ( f>m]s /ud cattle (
 ! highe/ /&>ds4 ,private p]sons are    
also do+ a great deal 9 import+ & bre$+ 
high-class animals4 ,h]d-te/+           
associations are becom+ m num]\s4 ,f>m]s
 are le>n+ t x is pr(itable to keep milk
 records & to cull out ( _! h]ds ! c[s t
 d n give payable yields1 & pron\nc$    
advancem5t is be+ made 9 ?is direction4 
7#c7 ,occasional ,dry ,seasons4--,!     
effects ( dry spells1 :i* sometimes     

occur ev5 9 ! be/-wat]$ dairy+ di/ricts1
 c be greatly m9imis$ by ! cons]vation (
 fodd]1 by *eap & easy me?ods ( silage4 
,s ri* is ! c\ntry 9 succul5t natural   
grasses1 & s cong5ial is ! climate1 t   
f>m]s exhibit a t5d5cy to rely too mu*  
on ! b\nty ( ! seasons4 ,?is is :at !   
,scotti% ,commission meant :5 !y ref]r$ 
to ! fri5dly climate z be+ ! dairyman's 
mo/ dang]\s enemy4 ,x is true t 9 normal
 ye>s mil* c[s may depa/ure ! :ole ye>  
long on ! natural pa/ures1 & on ?is food
 alone yield milk ( magnific5t flav\r1  
produc+ butt] & *eese ( ! highe/        
quality4 ,b !re %\ld be put by to       
supplem5t ! natural fodd] dur+ dry times
 a supply ( food ei!r z hay or silage4  
,! exp]ts ( ! v>i\s agricultural        
dep>tm5ts /rongly advocate ! use ( !    
silo1 b ! advice has n yet be5 g5]ally  
adopt$4  ,z ! loss 9 ! silo is          
insignificant1 x c be realis$ h[ *eaply 
ample /ores ( ! be/ class ( /&-by fodd] 
c be cons]v$4 ,silos to hold #ajj tons  
co/ ab\t #dhj4jj to con/ruct1 & a cutt] 

& elevator ab\t #add4jj4 ,to ?is w\ld h 
to be add$ ! co/ ( a horse-works or     
eng9e1 b until a settl] is 9 a position 
to indulge 9 ! mo/ up-to-date outfit1 he
 c foll[ ! usual practice ( s]v+ 8      
gre5/uff 9 ! =m ( /ack silage1 :i*      
entails a v mod]ate outlay4             
,illu/ration3 ,silos1 ,victoria4  ,_m   
crops excell5t = silage are easily gr[n1
 & ! cultivation areas ne$ nev] be idle 
= a day at any "t ( ! ye>4 ,z "o crop   
becomes fit to use1 ! l& c be replant$  
irrespective ( wea!r conditions4 ,=     
in/ance1 9 spr+ 7,septemb]7 maize or    
sorghum c be s[n1 ei!r ov] ! :ole area  
at once or at int]vals ( a week or a    
mon? up to ,janu>y4 ,9 ?ree to ?ree &   
a-half mon?s1 dur+ :i* "t ! pa/ures are 
at _! be/1 & !re is no ne$ = supplem5t>y
 fodd]1 ! fir/ ( ! areas w be ready =   
use z gre5 fodd]1 or = conv]sion into   
silage to s]ve z a *eap & juicy w9t]    
fodd]4 ,9 _m di/ricts z soon z !        
e>lie/-s[n maize crop is h>ve/$ a second
 maize or sorghum crop is plant$1 & by !

 "t t is ready to cut1 b>ley & vet*es or
 field peas c be plant$ to come 9 to    
supplem5t ! /ores ( w9t] fodd]4         
,illu/ration3 ,a f9e gr[? (             
,sorghum--,victoria4--,an excell5t fodd]
 crop4  ,maize is h>ve/$ = silage :5 !  
cobs are well fill$1 & ! gra9 is beg9n+ 
to glaze2 at ?is /age a normal crop w   
yield ab\t #bj tons gre5/uff p] acre4   
,sorghum w produce ab\t #ae tons1 &     
b>ley & vet*es or peas ab\t #aj tons p] 
acre4 ,:eat & oats are (t5 gr[n 9 ord]  
to be cut = hay1 & make an excell5t     
fodd]4  ,ano!r mo/ valuable crop to !   
dairyman is luc]ne1 :i* w keep 9 a      
well-built /ack = an indef9ite "t4  7#d7
 ,! ,f>m]'s inexp]i5ce & ignorance (    
,sci5tific ,dairy+4--,to ?is la/ po9t ! 
,scotti% ,commission]s furni% a reply 9 
_! report4  ,illu/ration3 ,a typical    
,au/ralian ,dairy ,f>m4  ,a great _m1 ! 
report /ates1 ( ^? engag$ 9 produc+ milk
 h _h no tra9+ 9 ! bus9ess4 ,if a man c 
milk a c[1 or is will+ to le>n1 he ?9ks 
himself q able to run a dairy f>m4 ,9   

"t1 if he is intellig5t & obs]vant1 he  
becomes z exp]t at 8 trade z if he _h   
nev] done any?+ else2 b 8 exp]i5ce has  
c]ta9ly co/ him a good deal4 ,! m5 :o   
are nei!r intellig5t nor obs]vant le>n  
little f exp]i5ce1 & _! dairy me?ods    
leave mu* to be desir$4 ,x is !y :o bre$
 _! c[s anyh[1 :o keep no k9d ( milk    
records1 :o ?9k x economy to br+ 9 _!   
c[s to ! calv+ z h>d z wood1 :o dep5d   
entirely on pa/ure = food1 :o make no   
provision = dr\ght1 :o h no?+ to le>n f 
anybody1 & :o are keep+ ! reputation ( !
 ,au/ralian c[ at a level mu* bel[      
respectability4 ,by-&-by1 no d\bt1 ?is  
type ( man w become sc>c]4 ,! ,/ate     
,gov]nm5ts are do+ :at is possible to   
spread abroad sci5tific k 9 dairy+      
matt]s1 & a y\ng] g5]ation is gr[+ up t 
has be5 made famili> bo? ) ! practice & 
! !ory ( milk production4 ,:5 _! "t     
comes x is c]ta9 !y w make dairy+ highly
 pr(itable4 ,! fact t1 ) an av]age milk 
yield ( 'some?+ "u #bej gallons p]      
annum1' ! indu/ry z a :ole is 9 a       

prosp]\s condition af=ds ! mo/ rem>kable
 te/imony possible to ! excell5ce (     
,au/ralia z a dairyman's c\ntry4 ,:at w 
happ5 :5 ! av]age d\bles itself1 &      
atta9s1 z x surely w1 ! mod]ate figure (
 #ejj gallons p] annum8   ,a ,ph5om5al  
,gr[?4  ,/>t+ out ) spl5did natural     
advantages--a wide range ( soils ( great
 f]tility1 indig5\s grasses ( high food 
value1 & a cong5ial climate--! dairy+   
indu/ry 9 ,au/ralia has made ph5om5al   
/rides4  ,! e/abli%m5t ?r\gh\t ! *ief   
di/ricts ( co-op]ative factories1 own$ &
 manag$ by ! f>m]s !mselves1 & !        
introduction ( cold /orage greatly      
/imulat$ its gr[?4 ,dur+ ! la/ decade   
its advancem5t has be5 rem>kable4 ,!    
,au/ralian dairy indu/ry is bas$ on !   
_w's m>kets4 ,e ye> ! dem& 9 v>i\s      
c\ntries = ,au/ralian & o!r dairy &     
f>my>d products increases1 & ! l>ge home
 m>ket is also exp&+4  ,! facilities =  
sup]vision1 h&l+1 & transportation are  
improv+1 & ,au/ralian dairym5 to-day    
obta9 high prices 9 bo? local & outside 

m>kets = _! produce4 ,x is /at$ t 9 ,s\?
 ,au/ralia dairym5 :o deliv]$ good cream
 7 able to secure f ! factories an      
av]age ( #j4bb p] lb4 f ! butt] made    
!refrom4  ,! foll[+ table %[s at once ! 
advance ( ! dairy+ indu/ry 7includ+     
p\ltry f>m+ & bee culture73--           
,,t5 ,,ye>s4                            
----------------------------------------
--------------------------              
#aijb4           #aiab4     ,increase4  
----------------------------------------
--------------------------     ,dairy   
,c[s          ,no    #a1aac1iaa         
#b1jhf1hhe      #hg4cd       ,pigs      
,no      #ggg1bhi          #hde1bee     
#h4hh       ,hives               ,no    
#hj1aaa          #afg1dda     #aji4ja   
,production 7quantity7--                
,butt]                 #gi1egb1cbg lbs4 
#ahg1aid1afa lbs4#ace4be         ,*eese 
#aj1jje1ghg lbs4  #af1afj1dia lbs4      
#fa4ej         ,bacon & ,ham            
#cj1fjh1cde lbs4  #ed1aib1age lbs4      
#gg4je         ,honey                   

#b1hgc1gfc lbs4   #h1jjg1dib lbs4#agh4fc
         ,beeswax                       
#fh1bdc lbs4     #acj1iei lbs4 #ia4ij   
----------------------------------------
--------------------------              
,,five ,,ye>s4                          
----------------------------------------
--------------------------              
#aijg4           #aiab4     ,increase4  
----------------------------------------
--------------------------              
,production 7total value7 #gd1hjc1bjj4jj
  #ig1cdd1jjj4jj   #cj4ac               
----------------------------------------
--------------------------              
,,t5 ,,ye>s4                            
----------------------------------------
--------------------------              
#aijb4           #aiab4     ,increase4  
----------------------------------------
--------------------------     ,exports 
7,value7--                              
,butt]                  #a1hbj1cga4bj   
#af1jdd1fha4fj                  ,*eese  
#bj1eib4jj        #bg1fdh4jj            

,cond5s$ ,milk             #ee1fhi4fj   
#ib1cjh4hj                  ,bacon &    
,hams             #cg1jfj4hj            
#cbh1had4dj                  ,l>d       
#f1ajj4hj       #agg1ijb4dj             
,froz5 ,pork                #gj1cci4bj  
#gi1igb4hj                  ,honey      
#g1hia4bj         #i1bce4bj             
,o!r items               #bfi1bdf4dj    
#gh1hei4bj                              
----------------------------------------
--------------------------              
,total            #b1bhg1bia4bj         
#af1hci1dbb4dj  #fcf4ba                 
----------------------------------------
--------------------------              
,illu/ration3 ,9 ! ,butt] ,factory4  ,! 
,unit$ ,k+dom pur*ases ! great bulk (   
,au/ralian butt]--ab\t #hh p] c5t4--b   
consid]able quantities also g to        
,canada1 ,ceylon1 ,*9a1 ! ,dut* ,ea/    
,indies1 ,egypt1 ,hongkong1 ! ,isl&s ( !
 ,pacific1 ,japan1 ,philipp9e ,isl&s1 ! 
,/raits ,settlem5ts & ,s\? ,africa4     
,besides ! co-op]ative factories !re are

 _m propriet>y conc]ns1 & ! f>m] is     
b5efit$ by ! ke5 competition betwe5 !m4 
,! e/abli%m5ts 9 ! ,commonweal? :]e !   
manufacture ( butt]1 *eese1 & cond5s$   
milk is c>ri$ on numb] sev]al hundr$s4  
,!y are di/ribut$ ?r\gh\t all ! ,/ates1 
b !y are l>g] & m num]\s 9 ,new ,s\?    
,wales1 ,victoria1 & ,que5sl&4          
,illu/ration3 ,9 ! ,*eese ,factory4     
,cream sep>ation & butt]-mak+ are (t5   
c>ri$ on toge!r "u ! co-op]ative sy/em4 
,! creation ( l>ge c5tral butt]         
factories1 suppli$ by num]\s sep>at+    
e/abli%m5ts or cream]ies1 has result$ 9 
a consid]able r$uction 9 ! co/ (        
manufacture1 s9ce improv$ appliances1   
su* z refrig]ators1 may be pr(itably    
work$ at ! l>g] e/abli%m5ts4 ,! product 
is also ( a m uni=m quality4 ,! numb] ( 
f>m]s :o adh]e to h& processes is       
rapidly dim9i%+4 ,=m]ly ! av]age        
quantity ( milk us$ p] lb4 ( h&-made    
butt] 0 ab\t #c gallons1 b sep>ator     
butt] requires only ab\t #b4f gallons4  
,/ate ,sup]vision4  ,ea* ( ! ,/ate      

,agricultural ,dep>tm5ts ex]cises       
consid]able sup]vision 9 reg>d to !     
indu/ry4 ,dairy exp]ts are employ$ to   
give in/ruction 9 approv$ me?ods (      
production1 to exam9e animals1 to       
inspect ! build+s us$ = milk+1 sep>at+ &
 butt]-mak+1 & to exam9e ! m>ketable    
produce4 ,a high /&>d ( dairy hygi5e1   
cleanl9ess ( p]sonnel & mat]iel & purity
 ( produce h also be5 insi/$ ^u "u ,/ate
 laws4 ,f9ancial assi/ance has be5 giv5 
to facilitate ! economic h&l+ ( dairy   
products1 & mu* b5efit has result$1 !   
advances hav+ g5]ally be5 promptly      
repaid4  ,= ! ma9t5ance ( ! purity &    
quality ( ,au/ralian butt] & o!r dairy  
produce1 ! ,comm]ce ,act pass$ by !     
,commonweal? ,gov]nm5t requires t ea* ( 
^! articles %all con=m to c]ta9 /&>ds4  
,butt] int5d$ = %ipm5t ov]sea mu/ be    
cov]$ ) a true trade description1 & t ! 
foll[+ in=mation %\ld appe> on ea*      
box3--,! ^w ,au/ralia1 ! "n ( ! ,/ate 9 
:i* x 0 produc$1 net weight1            
manufactur]'s or export]'s "n or regi/]$

 br&1 & ! words pure cream]y butt]1     
pa/ry butt]1 mill$ butt] 7t is1 butt]   
:i* is a mixture or bl5d ( two or m     
butt]s ord9>ily pack$ alone & "u sep>ate
 names or br&s71 or repack$ butt]1 z !  
case may require4 ,o!r matt]s may be    
add$1 b mu/ be true1 & n liable to      
mislead4 ,m>g>9e mu/ be s /amp$ or m>k$4
 ,all butt] & o!r dairy products int5d$ 
= export mu/ be s5t = inspection to     
appo9t$ places4 ,! inspect+ (fic] issues
 a c]tificate on ! au?oris$ =m t x is up
 to ! /&>d4  ,! regulations n[ 9 =ce    
conta9 important provisions 9 reg>d to !
 /&>d = export dairy products4 ,by means
 ( ^! provisions purity & quality are   
gu>ante$4 ,trade is also facilitat$1    
s9ce quantities ( butt] are pur*as$     
solely on ! c]tificate issu$1 )\t       
inspection4 ,! /&>d = butt]1 ! mo/      
important dairy article1 is z           
foll[s3--,butt] :i* conta9s only--,no   
fat o!r ?an butt] fat1 n m ?an #af p]   
c5t4 ( wat]1 #c p] c5t4 ( case91 #j4e p]
 c5t4 ( boric acid1 #d p] c5t4 ( salt1  

or less ?an #hb p] c5t4 ( butt] fat2 or 
any col\r+ matt] deem$ by ! ,m9i/] =    
,trade & ,cu/oms to be h>mless4         
,illu/ration3 ,luc]ne ,hay4   ,subsidi>y
 ,indu/ries4  ,pig-,rais+4--,n lea/     
among ! rural indu/ries await+ a f> wid]
 developm5t 9 ,au/ralia is t ( pig      
rais+4 ,= v _m ye>s ! numb] ( ^! animals
 rais$ 9 ! diff]5t ,/ates %[$ no        
appreciable increase1 ?\gh ( m rec5t    
ye>s improvem5ts 9 ?is direction h be5  
noticeable4 ,yet ! rate ( progress is q 
unequal to ! requirem5ts ( local dem& & 
( ! export bus9ess4  ,pig rais+ = ye>s  
has be5 a k9d ( subsidi>y indu/ry to    
dairy+1 & z su* has seldom receiv$ !    
att5tion w>rant$ by ! returns yield$4   
,to "s ext5t x has be5 ! ease ) :i* ^!  
pr(its h be5 obta9$ t has br\ght ab\t ! 
condition ( affairs exi/5t to )9 a few  
ye>s ago4 ,pig rais+ n[1 in/ead ( be+   
reg>d$ m]ely z an adjunct to dairy+1 is 
be+ look$ ^u mu* 9 ! same light z is a  
ma9 l9e :e!r connect$ ) dairy+ or g5]al 
f>m+4 ,?is is indicat$ by ! fact t :]e  

previ\sly any description ( bo> or s[ 0 
good en\gh to produce a litt]1 n[ bo?   
f>m]s & dairym5 are us+ *iefly ! p$igree
 /ock1 & are giv+ att5tion to ! diff]5t 
crosses mo/ likely to give ! l>ge/      
litt]s suitable = bacon production1 :i* 
c be br\ght into condition = m>ket 9 !  
quicke/ "t4 ,! introduction ( ^!        
bus9esslike me?ods has naturally result$
 9 great] ga9s1 & has fur!r giv5 a      
/imulus to ! pig-rais+ indu/ry4  ,!     
policy ( clos] settlem5t :i* is ent]+   
freely into ! rural developm5t ( ! v>i\s
 ,/ates is fur!rmore caus+ f>m]s &      
settl]s to give m c>eful att5tion to any
 side indu/ry :i* c be made to return a 
good m>g9 ( pr(it on ! lab\r exp5d$4 ,9 
o!r words1 ! mod]n f>m] is becom+ m     
alive to ! bus9ess possibilities ( :at  
may be t]m$ specialis$ production4 ,x is
 9 ?is fact t ! future developm5t ( !   
pig-rais+ indu/ry dep5ds4 ,a dairyman1  
g5]al f>m]1 irrigationi/1 & ev5 !       
fruitgr[] f9ds ! pig ( ine/imable value 
9 us+ up ! wa/e produce1 & turn+ x into 

a commodity :i* w return high int]e/ 9 a
 rem>kably %ort space ( "t4  ,?is turn (
 ev5ts is mak+ itself felt 9 o!r        
directions4 ,bacon-cur+ e/abli%m5ts &   
co-op]ative factories are com+ into     
exi/5ce :]e =m]ly supplies w\ld nev] h  
ju/ifi$ _! pres5ce1 & ! result is t ^?  
:o h suitable classes ( pigs to dispose 
( f9d no difficulty 9 turn+ !m ov] at   
lucrative prices4  ,?is1 h[ev]1 c only  
be reg>d$ z a comm5cem5t 9 ! turn (     
affairs1 = ) ! increas$ dem& & add$     
facilities ( m>ket+1 ! s\nd e/abli%m5t (
 ! indu/ry is ea* ye> becom+ m assur$4  
,illu/ration3 #a4 ,a ,mod]n ,pigg]y4    
,illu/ration3 #b4 ,fe$+ pigs ) corn gr[n
 on ! f>m4  ,z an in/ance ( ! value (   
?is side l9e to ! settl]1 ! exp]i5ce ( a
 ,victorian irrigat$ block own]1 z      
relat$ 9 ! columns ( ! ,melb\rne ,argus1
 is wor? record+4 ,writ+ f ,ro*e/]1     
,vic41 ! local correspond5t report$ z   
foll[s3--,! pig indu/ry is becom+ (     
great & gr[+ importance on our          
irrigation hold+s1 & t settl]s are      

recognis+ its great value z an adjunct  
to dairy+ is prov$ by ! fact t !re are  
n[ on ! settlem5ts f\r times z _m pigs z
 !re 7 a ye> ago4 ,a lead+ auctione]    
e/imates t1 ) improv$ facilities1 !     
sales 9 ,ro*e/] w\ld 9 ! ne> future     
am\nt to #ajjj a mon?4 ,! me?ods adopt$ 
on ! irrigation f>m ( ,messrs4 ,jacob & 
,k5n$y1 at ,nannulla1 %[ t pig rais+ is 
a lead+ factor 9 _! success4 ,mr4 ,jacob
 demon/rat$ t #aib p] acre a ye> c be   
realis$ f pigs re>$ almo/ :olly on      
luc]ne1 = half an acre suffices = !     
su/5ance ( a brood s[ & h] prog5y ( ab\t
 #bj p] annum till !y are fit = m>ket4  
,well-br$ animals pay be/1 especially 9 
! case ( ! sire1 = :i* a ,york%ire is   
recomm5d$4 ,mr4 ,jacob is prep>$ to     
submit 8 books & returns to ^? int]e/$1 
z he did to ! writ]4444 ,x has to be    
obs]v$ t pig rais+ does n require ei!r !
 capital or exp]i5ce dem&$ 9 ! case (   
%eep4  ,^! facts relate 9 a g5]al way to
 ! indu/ry z x is possible to be c>ri$  
on 9 all p>ts ( ! ,commonweal?4 ,a dairy

 man or mix$ f>m] f9ds t ! c>ry+ on ( 8 
"w at a maximum ( pr(it involves ! gr[? 
( a numb] ( diff]5t crops ) :i* to      
supplem5t ! rations ( 8 dairy h]d4      
,peas1 b>ley1 :eat1 maize1 pumpk9s1     
c>rots1 mangolds1 luc]ne1 rape1 & o!r   
crops are m or less us$ = a succession4 
,ea* "o ( ^! is ( special value f !     
pig-rais]'s /&po9t4 ,bo? peas & b>ley h 
a high value = fatt5+ purposes1 & "s ( !
 successful bre$]s ma9ta9 t ! addition (
 :eat contributes l>gely t[>ds rapid    
developm5t4 ,simil>ly ! root crops play 
an important "p 9 ! g5]al rations1 :]eas
 luc]ne & rape make an admirable pa/ure 
= ! runn+ ( /ores & bre$+ s[s4 ,g5]al   
exp]i5ce has %[n t :5 pigs :i* are be+  
fatt5$ = m>ket h ! run ( a good pa/ure (
 ^! crops !y d bett] & fatt5 on mu* less
 food4 ,consequ5tly ) "s "o or ano!r or 
sev]al ( ^! crops to supplem5t ! skim   
milk provid$ by ! dairy+ op]ations1 no m
 fav\rable conditions c\ld well exi/ = !
 developm5t ( ?is adjunct to ! dairy+   
indu/ry4  ,) suitable root & pa/ure     

crops !re is no reason :y pig rais+ %\ld
 rema9 m]ely z an (f%oot ( dairy+ & f>m+
 op]ations4 ,x is suffici5tly           
remun]ative ev5 :5 all food has to be   
pur*as$ on ! op5 m>ket to ju/ify        
att5tion be+ devot$ to rais+ alone4 ,b  
su* circum/ances d n ent] into !        
op]ation ( ! indu/ry z manag$ 9         
,au/ralia4 ,! close proximity ( sep>at+ 
factories w\ld 9 _m di/ricts make x     
possible = a bre$] to entirely ignore ! 
dairy+ side ( ! "q4 ,f ^! s\rces su*    
supplies ( skim milk z 7 consid]$ an    
advisable supplem5t to ! ord9>y rations 
might easily be obta9$4 ,) only v limit$
 supplies ( skim milk pig rais+ & fatt5+
 af=ds wide scope = ! inve/m5ts ( m5 )  
limit$ capital4 ,f4 ,c4 ,grace1 (       
,w>rnambool1 ,victoria1 :o rec5tly w5t  
into ! matt] ( ! co/ ( produc+ pork1    
indicates ! possibilities ( ! bacon     
indu/ry 9 a report furni%$ to ! ,/ate   
,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture4 ,9 ?is acc\nt 
he /ates3--,ov] #f tons ( live pork h   
be5 produc$1 & ! av]age co/ p] p\nd =   

all rations ) pigs ( all ages has be5 #d
 c5ts4 ,! actual sell+ price has be5 #aj
 c5ts p] p\nd1 b a numb] ( ! pigs 7 sold
 z /uds1 some:at above m>ket price4     
,tak+ ! av]age ( all pigs sold 9 ! op5  
y>ds = bacon purposes1 ab\t #d-a_/b     
tons1 ! sell+ price 0 #aj c5ts p]       
p\nd--a m>g9 ( ov] #f c5ts p] p\nd ov] &
 above ! co/ ( fe$4  ,?is /atem5t is (  
int]e/ z %[+ ! position ( ! indu/ry :5  
ev]y?+ has be5 paid = at well above     
m>ket rates = ! produce1 & 9 a degree   
s]ves to emphasise ! mu*-improv$        
position ( ! bre$] :o1 ) root crops &   
pa/ure l&1 is able to disp5se ) ! co/s  
incurr$ 9 pur*as+ foods = fatt5+        
purposes on ! op5 m>ket4  ,illu/ration3 
,a ,happy ,family4  ,?r\gh\t !          
,commonweal? !re is a diff]5ce ( op9ion 
reg>d+ ! relative value ( ! mann] 9 :i* 
! pr$om9at+ bre$s1 ! ,b]k%ire &         
,york%ire1 are cross$ 9 rais+ pigs =    
m>ket4 ,?is no d\bt w always exi/1 ow+  
to pr$ilection ( bre$]s t[>ds p>ticul>  
types1 & to ! relative m]its result+ f !

 v>i\s crosses4 ,! ma9 po9t is t bo?    
bre$s are wond]fully well suit$ to      
,au/ralian conditions1 & t !y are       
prolific4 ,brood s[s w1 if kept 9 an    
ord9>ily ?rifty condition1 f>r[ two     
litt]s ( pigs 9 ! ye>1 :i* w numb] f    
eight to twelve pigs to ! litt]4 ,if    
any?+1 ! pr$om9at+ cross fav\rs ! use ( 
! ,york%ire bo> ) ! ,b]k%ire s[4 ,!     
cross has ?is advantage t ! litt]s w    
consi/ ( all :ite pigs4 ,! bo> us$ %\ld 
be pure & ! s[ ( good type1 pref]ably   
?ree-qu>t] br$4 ,! av]age litt] f su* a 
cross is eight4 ,^!1 if kept until ab\t 
five mon?s1 w weigh out at ab\t #adj    
lbs41 & at #ab c5ts p] lb41 ! rul+      
price1 w return approximately #af4hj    
apiece1 or #bfh4hj p] ye> f ea* s[4 ,9  
"s in/ances z _m z five litt]s may be   
obta9$ dur+ a p]iod ( two ye>s1 b :5 ?is
 is done too mu* is tak5 out ( ! "m4    
,ano!r aspect wor? consid]+ 9 ! *oice ( 
cross+ ^! two bre$s is t ! ,york%ire s[ 
is a bett] "m ?an ! ,b]k%ire1 & ! litt]s
 produc$ are l>g]4 ,9 ?is case !re is a 

lack ( uni=mity 9 ! col\r ( ! litt]s1 a 
fact :i* no d\bt mu/ (t5 cause slight   
depreciation :5 ! m>ket+ ( l>ge numb]s (
 pigs is tak5 into consid]ation4 ,f     
exp]i5ce 9 ! ,commonweal? ! middle      
,york%ire ( a pure /ra9 is m fav\r$ =   
bre$+ purposes4 ,he is a quick] gr[]1 ( 
h>dy con/itution1 & z a rule a bett]    
%ap$ pig = m>ket requirem5ts4           
,illu/ration3 ,typical ,dairy ,c\ntry4  
,b :ile !re are diff]5ces ( op9ion 9 !  
matt] ( bre$s = cross+ purposes1 x is   
cle> t ?is subject has nev] be5         
exhau/ively det]m9$4 ,= example1 :ile   
!re are advocates = ! ma9t5ance ( pure  
/ra9s1 & ! cross+ ( ! ,tamwor? ) bo? !  
black & :ite pigs1 ! l>ge :ite ,york%ire
 is practically an unkn[n quantity4 ,bo?
 9 ,great ,brita9 & 9 ,d5m>k ?is bre$   
has done m to e/abli% ! bacon indu/ry   
?an any o!r bre$4 ,its value is indors$ 
by exp]i5ce at ,dookie ,college1 :]e !  
only pure /ra9 ( ! bre$ 9 ,victoria is  
locat$4 ,! ,b]k%ire s[ us$ ) ! l>ge :ite
 bo> produces a %apely (fspr+1 :i* takes

 on ! %ort sn\t ( ! s[ ) ! pure :ite    
col\r+ ( ! bo>4 ,! cross is a long] pig 
?an ! ,b]k%ire1 clean] 9 ! %\ld]1 b )   
mu* ! same con=mation else:]e4 ,a common
 plan is to use all ! longe/ & deepe/   
s[s ( ! fir/ cross = bre$+ bacon]s4 ,!  
pure l>ge ,york%ire is n z economical z 
! ,b]k%ire if gr[+ pigs = ! pork trade1 
z x takes long] to mature4 ,! s[s1      
h[ev]1 av]age ab\t t5 to ! litt]1 & "s h
 fifte5 or sixte54 ,only ! f9e-hair$    
ones seem to scald1 o!rwise !y /& ! sun 
z well z ! ,b]ks4 ,!y are good do]s "u a
 wide range ( conditions1 prolific1     
vigor\s1 & m likely to d well "u ! r\gh 
circum/ances to :i* !y are accu/om$ on  
mo/ f>ms ?an ! m delicate ,b]k%ires4 ,:5
 sold at ! same "t z o!r bre$s &        
crosses1 !y always top ! m>ket2 & a     
half-truck realis$ ov] #bj4jj p] head :5
 sold 9 ,melb\rne "u six mon?s old4  ,s 
f> z ,au/ralian exp]i5ce has gone !re is
 ev]y?+ to indicate t pig rais+1 :ile an
 extremely pr(itable occupation1 has n  
yet atta9$ ! results :i* may be expect$ 

to foll[ z m att5tion is giv5 to ! *oice
 ( bre$s1 ! selection ( ! hogs1 &       
fecundity on ! "p ( ! s[4 ,^! are all   
matt]s :i* f ! ord9>y f>m+ /&po9t h nev]
 be5 gone into ?or\ghly4 ,t pig rais+ w 
pay & does yield h&some returns is      
admitt$1 yet :5 s _m av5ues ( improvem5t
 are op51 x _c be said t ! indu/ry is   
receiv+ ! att5tion x des]ves4 ,up to !  
pres5t f>m]s & dairym5 h be5 *iefly     
conc]n$ ) rais+ ! pigs1 dispos+ ( !m    
p]haps at two mon?s1 or1 z m (t5 is !   
case1 ( keep+ !m on till f\r mon?s1 :5  
!y are topp$ (f & s5t to m>ket to br+   
:at c be realis$4 ,_m s5d away _! pigs  
too fat1 & few engag$ 9 ! g5]al bran*es 
( agriculture really give ! animals full
 att5tion ov] ! gr[+ p]iod4             
,illu/ration3 ,dam1 ,we/]n ,au/ralia4   
,) ! adv5t ( ! factories :i* are spr++  
up 9 all ! ,/ates1 ?is condition ( ?+s w
 no d\bt give place to bett] me?ods4 ,9 
! fir/ place bre$]s w be assur$ ( m>kets
 = all ! pigs produc$1 &1 secondly1 !   
diff]5ces 9 values ( prime bacon]s w    

direct m att5tion to ! great] pr(its =  
?is class ( produce4  ,illu/ration3 ,a  
well-e/abli%$ ,dairy ,f>m1 ,new ,s\?    
,wales ,coa/4  ,t !re is opportunity = a
 great increase 9 pig rais+ is %[n by ! 
fact t ,great ,brita9 pays annually to  
=eign c\ntries #ia1bjj1jjj4jj = pig     
products4 ,/ati/ics %[ t two great      
s\rces ( supply to ! ,briti% m>ket      
7,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada7 are gradually 
b surely decl9+1 & be=e long mu/ cease  
altoge!r on acc\nt ( ! rapid increase 9 
population1 & ! consequ5t increas$ food 
requirem5ts 9 ^? c\ntries4 ,9 ,d5m>k we 
_c expect to see any great increase 9   
production1 z ! limit also has be5 ne>ly
 rea*$4 ,holl& & ,sw$5 are ! only o!r   
,european c\ntries f :i* we may         
anticipate competition4 ,! rapid gr[? ( 
! population 9 ,c5tral ,europe increases
 ! food requirem5ts ( ^? c\ntries1 :]e  
!re is already a %ort supply ( animal   
foods g5]ally4 ,! pres5t condition ( !  
indu/ry %[s t !re is a possibility ( !  
,commonweal? build+ up a l>ge export    

trade1 ev5 ?\gh local dem&s are         
increas+1 at prices :i* are high] ?an !y
 7 t5 or twelve ye>s ago1 :5 ! numb] (  
pigs 9 ! ,commonweal? 0 sc>cely a ?\s&  
head m ?an at ! pres5t "t4 ,at !        
,franco-,briti% ,exhibition ! gr&       
*ampion prize aga9/ ! _w 0 secur$ by    
,au/ralia = pig products 9 ! =m ( froz5 
pork1 z well z 9 hams & bacon4          
,p\ltry-f>m+4--,! fact t ,au/ralian h5s 
& ducks h brok5 all records 9 lay+      
competitions s]ves to indicate !        
suitability ( ! c\ntry = p\ltry-rais+4  
,on g5]al f>ms1 :]e ! birds live on food
 t may o!rwise be wa/$1 p\ltry are a    
s\rce ( consid]able pr(it4 ,! op9ion ( !
 ,scotti% ,commission 0 t ,au/ralia     
possesses natural conditions ( almo/    
unequall$ value = ! pr(itable keep+ (   
p\ltry4 ,9 climate1 soil1 %elt]1 & 9    
natural food %e has ! ess5tial          
attributes to success4 ,p\ltry-f>m+ is  
c>ri$ on toge!r ) :eat or dairy+ or pig 
f>m+1 b 9 _m places ! rais+ ( p\ltry is 
c>ri$ on z a s+le l9e4 ,p\ltry =        

consumption is ext5sively re>$1 & !     
egg-produc+ qualities ( ! birds h also  
be5 greatly improv$ by c>eful bre$+4    
,egg collect+ circles h be5 =m$ 9 "s    
c\ntry di/ricts1 to develop 7"u         
,gov]nm5t sup]vision & ) ,gov]nm5t aid  
until ! organisation is self-support+7 !
 indu/ry on co-op]ative l9es4 ,a memb] (
 ! circle is elect$ to act z secret>y1 &
 he receives all ! eggs f ! memb]s1     
te/s1 packs1 & =w>ds !m to !            
metropolitan depot = %ipm5t4 ,only clean
 & fre% eggs are to be deliv]$ to !     
secret>y "u p5alty ( f9e & expulsion f !
 circle4 ,ano!r me?od ( collect+ &      
m>ket+ ! eggs is ?r\gh ! local butt]    
factories1 :]e eggs are deliv]$ by !    
suppli]s ( milk & cream a numb] ( times 
ea* week4  ,illu/ration3 ,gov]nm5t      
,f>m4--,p5s at ,burnley1 ,victoria1 =   
,egg-lay+ ,competition4                 
,bee-f>m+4--,bee-f>m+ has ord9>ily be5  
an adjunct to ! agricultural or dairy+  
indu/ries1 & c h>dly yet be said to h   
be5 organis$ z a di/9ct indu/ry4 ,!re   

are _m prosp]\s bee f>ms 9 !            
,commonweal?4 ,! indig5\s flora is ri* 9
 nect>1 & ! quantities ( honey /or$ 9   
s+le hives are a/oni%+ly l>ge1 sometimes
 rea*+ #djj lbs4  ,illu/ration3 ,:ite   
,leghorns4  ,) ! f>my>d & dairy products
 ( ! ,commonweal? /&+ n[ at ov]         
#if1jjj1jjj4jj p] annum1 ! indu/ry may  
be said to be well 9 its infancy4  ,"u !
 l>ge irrigation projects be+ c>ri$ out 
9 sev]al ( ! ,/ates !re are spl5did     
opportunities op5+ up = ! c>ry+ on ( all
 ^! indu/ries1 ei!r sep>ately or 9      
conjunction4   ,%>e ,f>m+4  ,! sy/em (  
f>m+ on %>es is common 9 sev]al bran*es 
( ,au/ralian f>m+1 includ+ dairy+4 ,to !
 intellig5t & indu/ri\s man ) a limit$  
am\nt ( capital1 ! sy/em (f]s _m        
opportunities = success4 ,practical     
dairym51 & especially ^? ) *ildr5 ov]   
f\rte5 ye>s ( age1 may obta9 a f>m on   
%>es4 ,! arrangem5ts made betwe5 l&lords
 & _! t5ants on %>es are n uni=m4 ,!y   
diff] consid]ably 9 individual cases1 b 
! foll[+ broad outl9es ( ! arrangem5ts  

made betwe5 ! p>ties may be set d[n z   
hav+ a m or less univ]sal application4  
,z a g5]al rule ! l&lord provides--     
7a7 ,! l& cle>$ & f5c$ into conv5i5t    
paddocks4      7b7 ,! dairy h]d4        
7c7 ,c[bails & pigg]ies4      7d7 ,all  
necess>y ut5sils & implem5ts4      7e7  
,dwell+4  ,on ! o!r h&1 ! t5ant         
supplies--       7a7 ,all ! lab\r--milks
 ! c[s1 sep>ates ! cream & c>ts         
x to ! ne>e/ butt] factory4      7b7 ,8 
own horse & c>t4      7c7 ,cultivates   
suffici5t l& to gr[ gre5 fodd] = ! w9t]4
  ,9 "s in/ances ! %>e f>m] buys 8 own  
dairy ut5sils1 b 9 ! great] numb] (     
cases ! l&[n] provides !m & keeps !m 9  
repair4 ,! %>+ ( ! pr(its dep5ds l>gely 
^u ! "* ( ! f>m4 ,z a g5]al rule ! t5ant
 receives f "o-?ird to "o-half ( !      
proce$s ( all cream or butt] sold4 ,he  
also receives f "o-?ird to "o-half !    
value ( ! pigs rais$1 & f #a4bj to #a4hj
 p] head = ea* calf re>$ to ! age ( six 
mon?s4 ,a man is g5]ally giv5 z _m c[s  
to milk z he c conv5i5tly manage & c>e  

=4  ,illu/ration3 ,9 ! ,*eese ,factory4 
,!re are cases :i* c be po9t$ to :]e a  
t5ant f>m] aft] ev5 pay+ = assi/ance1   
makes a pr(it ( f #fg4bj to #if4jj e    
mon?4  ,x is n possible to /ate         
def9itely ! size ( h]d t any individual 
c manage1 b x is by no means uncommon to
 see a h]d ( =ty head1 ) f tw5ty-five to
 ?irty c[s 9 milk at a "t1 manag$       
com=tably by a man & 8 wife & "o /urdy  
boy or girl ( fifte5 or sixte5 ye>s (   
age4 ,! av]age returns f a fairly good  
h]d1 9 ! majority ( di/ricts1 may be    
/at$ at #d4hj p] head p] mon?1 & z ea*  
c[ w be milk+ = sev5 to eight mon?s at  
lea/1 & !re w be ! calves & ample       
sep>at$ milk = a good _m pigs1 x w be   
se5 t !re is at lea/ a fair liv+ to be  
made1 especially :5 x is rememb]$ t !   
%>e dairy f>m]1 "u ! ord9>y arrangem5ts1
 is liv+ r5t free & "u conditions :i*   
enable him to keep h\sehold exp5ses at a
 m9imum4  ,! conditions reg>d+ cropp+ & 
keep+ ! f>m implem5ts 9 repair & c>+ = !
 dairy h]d are n on]\s1 & are su* z no  

good t5ant c\ld object to4              
,illu/ration3 ,an ,ext5sive ,milk+ ,%$4 
,m5 :o contemplate und]tak+ ?is class ( 
f>m+ %\ld submit ! fulle/ possible      
details ( _! exp]i5ce & qualification to
 enable ! (fic]s ( ! ,gov]nm5t          
,in=mation ,bureau to make arrangem5ts  
:i* w p]mit ( settlem5t imm$iately on   
arrival4 ,x is ne$less to rem9d exp]i5c$
 dairym5 t any own] ( dairy c[s         
naturally feels x necess>y to "k a good 
deal ab\t anyone to :om he is to entru/ 
! sole managem5t ( a good h]d4          
,illu/ration3 ,"y ,dairy ,/ock4         
,monet>y ,aid to ,settl]s4  ,besides    
aid+ ! settl] 9 ! v>i\s ways already    
m5tion$1 viz41 by provid+ ! exp]t       
p]sonal in/ruction & advice ( (fic]s ( !
 ,agricultural ,dep>tm5ts1 9 reg>d to   
fe$+1 bre$+1 managem5t1 & o!r matt]s1 by
 ! importation ( high-class /ud cattle1 
& mak+ !m available at *eap rates = h]d 
improvem5t1 & 9 ! grant+ ( facilities = 
! transportation & m>ket+ ( 8 produce1 !
 ,gov]nm5ts ( ! ,au/ralian ,/ates assi/ 

! dairyman ) loans ( *eap money4 ,!     
,advances to ,settl]s' ,bo>d or         
,agricultural ,bank 9 ea* ( ! ,/ates1   
l5d money to settl]s = ! purpose (      
repay+ exi/+ debts1 = build+ homes1 =   
pur*as+ /ock1 or = improv+ & develop+ _!
 hold+s4 ,! sums :i* may be advanc$ & ! 
t]ms & conditions ( ! loans v>y 9       
diff]5t ,/ates4 ,broadly speak+1 h[ev]1 
a settl] may obta9 on ! security ( 8 l& 
or ( 8 improvem5ts sums rang+ f #abj4jj 
to #ifjj4jj at rates ( int]e/ v>y+ f #d 
p] c5t4 to #f p] c5t4 on easy t]ms (    
repaym5t ext5d+ ov] a long p]iod ( ye>s 
up to1 z 9 ! ,/ates ( ,new ,s\? ,wales &
 ,s\? ,au/ralia1 ?irty-"o ye>s4         
,,new ,,s\? ,,wales4   ,9 ! coa/al      
di/ricts ( ,new ,s\? ,wales & ?r\gh\t a 
va/ ext5t ( ! nor!rn & c5tral tablel&   
di/ricts dairy f>m+ is a pr(itable &    
con/antly-exp&+ indu/ry4  ,9 ! old]     
settl$ di/rict ( ,illaw>ra1 compris+ !  
great] portion ( ! s\? coa/ di/rict1    
dairy+ has be5 ! ma9 indu/ry = _m ye>s1 
& !re is n mu* fir/-class l& unoccupi$4 

,!re is1 h[ev]1 9 ?is di/rict ample     
scope = t5ant f>m]s & = dairy+ on %>es  
on sev]al l>ge e/ates :]e ! exp]i5c$ man
 ( small means ) *ildr5 old en\gh to    
help 9 ! "w c make a good liv+1 & save )
 ! object ( lat] on obta9+ a f>m ( 8    
own4 ,9 ! nor? coa/ di/rict ! /rides be+
 made 9 dairy+ are ph5om5al4 ,!re is a  
fair am\nt ( fir/-class unimprov$ bu%   
c\ntry available = settlem5t on ! upp]  
rea*es ( ! ,twe$ & ,ri*mond ,riv]s1 &   
l>ge e/ates h be5 subdivid$ by private  
own]s1 & (f]$ = sale on v easy t]ms at f
 #ai4bj to #bh4hj p] acre4 ,_m f>m]s :o 
f9d t bett] returns c be obta9$ by c>ry+
 a decreas$ numb] ( specially good c[s  
on a small area int5sively work$ are    
ready to dispose ( areas1 s t a new-com]
 ) capital necess>y to acquire l& 9 ?is 
highly-fav\r$ di/rict c soon be suit$4  
,ow+ to ! big returns f dairy+ 9 ! be/  
p>ts ( ! settl$ portions ( ! nor? coa/1 
l& values are high1 rang+ to ov] #if4jj 
p] acre4  ,suitable areas ( ,cr[n l&s   
are br\ght =w>d f "t to "t 9 di/ricts   

adapt$ = dairy+ at prices1 z a rule1 l[]
 ?an ! l&s 9 private subdivisions4  ,9 !
 c5tral & nor? coa/ di/rict !re are     
sev]al l>ge private subdivisions (      
excell5t dairy l&4 ,9 ! tablel&         
di/ricts1 :]e ! ra9fall av]ages #cj 94  
p] annum1 dairy f>m+ has tak5 firm hold4
 ,private own]s are also cutt+ up tracts
 ( spl5did p>tially-improv$ l&1 & (f]+ x
 at f #ai4bj to #bh4hj p] acre1 on      
lib]al t]ms4  ,! natural grasses ( ,new 
,s\? ,wales1 especially 9 ! well-wat]$  
di/ricts along ! coa/1 gr[ 9 great      
luxuriance1 & are ri* 9 milk-produc+    
qualities4 ,9 _m di/ricts import$       
grasses1 su* z ,rhodes1 ,paspalum       
dilatatum1 & ,phil>is1 rye grass & r$   
clov] h be5 introduc$1 & soon become    
well e/abli%$4 ,9 ! mo/ fav\rable       
portions ( ! ,/ate f>m]s are able to    
dep5d almo/ solely on ! graz+ qualities 
( _! f>ms1 al?\gh ! exp]ts ( ! ,dep>tm5t
 /rongly ass]t ! wisdom ( gr[+ w9t] fe$4
  ,new ,s\? ,wales has _m f9e h]ds ( all
 ! approv$ bre$s4 ,! ,j]sey is p]haps ! 

mo/ popul>1 b !re are also _m good h]ds 
( ,ayr%ires1 ,gu]nseys1 ,hol/e9s1 & o!r 
approv$ bre$s4  ,! co-op]ative sy/em    
fl\ri%es 9 ,new ,s\? ,wales4 ,e         
important c5tre has its own co-op]ative 
butt]1 *eese or bacon factory4 ,! ,byron
 ,bay ,co-op]ative ,company1 situat$ 9 !
 he>t ( ! ri* nor? coa/ di/rict1 has an 
enorm\s turnov] 9 ! neighb\rhood (      
#d1hjj1jjj4jj /]l+ ea* ye>1 & is at lea/
 "o ( ! l>ge/ conc]ns ( its k9d 9 ! _w4 
,illu/ration3 ,calm ,,ii4--,*ampion     
,j]sey ,c[4  ,to /ock a dairy f>m ( #ajj
 acres1 ! detail$ co/ ( /ock & plant    
necess>y to make a good />t1 exclusive (
 a bull1 is giv5 by practical f>m]s z   
foll[s3--                               
#cj ,c[s at #ca4bj                      
#icf4jj      #aj ,heif]s1 spr++1 at     
#bd4jj                           #bdj4jj
      #b ,pl\gh ,horses at #hf4dj       
#agb4hj      ,h>ness = pl\gh horses     
#ca4bj      ,pigs--#b s[s at #aj4jh2 "o 
hog at #ae4fj                   #ce4bh  
,sep>ator1 cans1 buckets1 etc4          

#bdj4jj      ,c>t & h>ness              
#hf4dj      ,pl\gh1 #ba4fj2 h>r[1       
#ad4dj2 cultivator1 #ab4jj              
#dh4jj      ,sundry tools1 etc4         
#bd4jj                                  
--------                                
#ahac4fh       ,includ+ ! bull ! co/    
might r\ghly be put d[n at #aibj4jj     
,,victoria4   ,= ! pa/ tw5ty ye>s dairy 
f>m+ 9 ,victoria has be5 /eadily        
advanc+4 ,! indu/ry has prov$ v         
successful1 s t ?\s&s ( f>m]s are n only
 mak+ a com=table liv+ f x1 b 9 _m cases
 x has rais$ h>d-work+ families into    
positions ( comp>ative weal?4 ,!        
pr9cipal m>kets suppli$ are ^? ( ,great 
,brita91 ,s\? ,africa1 ,india1 & ! ,ea/4
 ,at pres5t ! indu/ry is only 9 its     
infancy4 ,x is capable ( almo/ unlimit$ 
expansion4 ,s f>1 f>m]s h conf9$ _!     
att5tion almo/ exclusively to butt]1 b !
 fir/ /eps h also be5 successfully tak5 
to manufacture *eese & cond5s$ milk1 &  
to op5 up a regul> m>ket = fre% pork1   
hams1 & bacon4  ,illu/ration3 ,h[ !     

,dairy ,fodd] ,"q is ,settl$ 9          
,au/ralia4  ,a l>ge portion ( ,victoria 
is suitable = dairy f>m+ on acc\nt ( !  
suitability ( soil = ! production (     
pa/ure & fodd] crops1 & ! mild climatic 
conditions4 ,= ! mo/ "p ! c[s are f$    
solely on ! natural pa/ures1 little     
provision ei!r 9 ! way ( food or %elt]  
be+ ?\ght necess>y4 ,progressive f>m]s1 
h[ev]1 f9d t x pays !m to gr[ fodd] = _!
 h]d & to %elt] ! animals 9 ! w9t]1 &   
anyone beg9n+ 9 ,victoria is advis$ to  
make up 8 m9d to cultivate a c]ta9 area 
( 8 l& f ! fir/1 in/ead ( tru/+ to graz+
 alone4  ,illu/ration3 ,%or?orn ,cattle4
  ,! s\!rn half ( ,victoria is divid$1  
r\ghly speak+1 into ! ,we/]n ,di/rict & 
,gippsl&4 ,two-?irds ( ! dairy c[s are  
kept 9 ^! portions ( ! ,/ate4 ,! ,we/]n 
,di/rict is fam$ = its ri* soil (       
volcanic orig94 ,e t[n & hamlet has its 
butt] factory4  ,gippsl& is a di/rict ( 
roll+ hills & d[ns1 & ( a comp>atively  
heavy ra9fall4 ,_m p>ts 7 once cov]$ )  
d5se =e/s1 b ^! are rapidly pass+ away  

be=e ! pione]4 ,practically e railway   
/ation has become a c5tre ( ! dairy+    
indu/ry1 & cans ( cream are always 9    
evid5ce on ! plat=ms4 ,ow+ to its       
suitable climate ,gippsl& has become !  
c5tre ( maize gr[+ 9 ! ,/ate1 & mu* (   
?is crop rea*es ! m>ket 9 ! =m ( butt] &
 pork4  ,9 ! nor? ! summ]s are w>m] &   
dri]1 b ! soil is p]haps ev5 m prolific 
?an 9 ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,victoria4 ,l>ge   
areas are suitable = dairy f>m+ "u      
ord9>y conditions1 & ext5sive wat]      
/orage works h be5 provid$ = !          
irrigation ( l>ge tracts ( c\ntry :i* is
 be+ made available 9 suitable areas =  
dairy+ "u v lib]al conditions4  ,!      
manufactur+ & m>ket+ ( ! butt] is c>ri$ 
on1 to a v l>ge ext5t1 on a co-op]ative 
basis1 ! factories be+ own$ & manag$ by 
! f>m]s :o supply ! cream4 ,two hundr$  
factories are scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! ,/ate1 !
 l>ge/ ( !m produc+ upw>ds ( #dj tons ( 
butt] p] week 9 ! height ( ! season4    
,:]e ! f>m is close to ! factory ! milk 
is tak5 to ! cream]y1 :]e x is sep>at$1 

& ! correspond+ quantity ( skim milk is 
return$ to ! f>m]4 ,9 o!r cases ! f>m]  
owns 8 sep>ator1 ! milk is pass$ ?r\gh !
 ma*9e z soon z ! c[s are milk$1 & !    
cream is s5t to ! factory by road or    
rail e day or two1 accord+ to ! size ( !
 f>m4  ,illu/ration3 ,dairy             
,factory--,refrig]at+ ,butt] ,tra94     
,gov]nm5t ,assi/ance to ! ,f>m]4  ,e    
bran* ( ! produc+ int]e/s is /eadily    
fo/]$ by ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,victoria 9 a way
 t may s\nd /range to ! ,briti% f>m]4   
,besides ! facilities = acquir+ f>ms &  
homes1 ! ,gov]nm5t employs dairy        
sup]visors1 :o assi/ ! f>m] ) in=mation 
& advice on matt]s relat+ to ! f>m &    
h]d4 ,! produce is convey$ by ! railways
 7:i* belong to ! ,gov]nm5t7 at special 
l[ rates4 ,x is receiv$ into ! ,gov]nm5t
 cool /ores1 :]e x is grad$ & froz5     
ready = export4 ,! ,/ate has contracts )
 ! pr9cipal l9es ( /eam-%ips1 secur+    
regul> despat*1 a m9imum temp]ature1 & a
 v l[ rate ( freight = ! ,briti% m>kets4
 ,x co/s less to s5d butt] f a f>m 9    

,victoria to ,london ?an x does to s5d x
 f a f>m 9 ,irel&4  ,illu/ration3 ,miss 
,prim1 ,*ampion ,ayr%ire ,c[4           
,,que5sl&4   ,que5sl& z a ,dairy+       
,c\ntry4  ,que5sl&1 especially 9 its    
s\!rn portions & along its coa/al areas1
 is p>ticul>ly well adapt$ = dairy+4    
,l>ge areas ( magnific5t soil exi/1 su* 
z ! ,d>l+ ,d[ns1 ,locky]1 ,/anley1      
,rosewood1 ,fassif]n1 ,logan1 ,alb]t1   
,wide ,bay1 ,burnett1 & o!r di/ricts1   
:i*1 9 addition to be+ well wat]$ by    
riv]s & creeks1 enjoy a p]fect w9t]     
climate4 ,x is 9 ^! localities t dairy+ 
pr9cipally fl\ri%es4  ,:ile 9 ,s\!rn    
,que5sl& & on "s ( ! nor!rn tablel&s x  
is desirable to rug mil* c[s dur+ ! w9t]
 mon?s1 up nor?1 along ! ea/]n coa/l&1 x
 is n necess>y4  ,along ! ea/]n seabo>d1
 :i* is well wat]$ by runn+ riv]s &     
creeks1 ! ,blackall ,range is becom+ an 
important dairy c5tre4 ,?is di/rict lies
 to ! nor? ( ,brisbane1 & is a m\nta9\s 
region conta9+ exce$+ly f]tile soil4    
,fur!r nor? aga91 on ! coa/1 !re are    

l>ge areas 9 ! ,burnett1 ,glad/one1     
,rockhampton1 & ,b[5 di/ricts suitable =
 dairy+1 & 9 ^! localities x is rapidly 
ext5d+4 ,despite ?is1 !re /ill rema9    
imm5se tracts z yet unt\*$ by ! dairy   
f>m]1 :i* are capable ( be+ successfully
 br\ght "u ! ,butt] ,indu/ry4           
,consid]able portions ( ! nor!rn        
tablel&s1 & p>ts ( ,c5tral ,que5sl&1 are
 also suitable = dairy+1 & a beg9n+ has 
already be5 made 9 ^! localities4 ,l>ge 
numb]s ( dairy cattle are be+ import$   
into ! ,a!rton di/rict 9 ! ,nor?4  ,z   
yet1 only a fractional "p ( ! c\ntry    
able to support a l>ge dairy+ population
 has be5 t\*$4   ,dairy ,l& & ,/ock4  ,!
 class ( l& *iefly us$ = dairy+ is op5  
=e/ c\ntry1 pla9 scrub l&1 & ri*        
alluvial flats4 ,! scrub l&s h fir/ to  
be cle>$ by fell+ ! scrub & burn+ x (f  
:5 dry4 ,:5 cle>$1 scrub soils are m    
prolific ?an any o!r4 ,co/ ( cle>+ is   
ab\t #g4bj to #i4fj p] acre1 & 9 "s     
cases m4  ,illu/ration3 ,ayr%ire ,dairy 
,c[s ,graz+4  ,! price v>ies accord+ to 

locality4 ,remot5ess or proximity to    
m>ket h to be consid]$4 ,x is ess5tial =
 ! dairy f>m] to be ne> a railway4 ,!   
int5d+ settl] c ei!r select ,cr[n l&s f 
! ,gov]nm5t1 at prices v>y+ f #j4fj to  
#d4hj & upw>ds1 or if he has "s capital 
he c pur*ase a freehold f>m4 ,good dairy
 freehold l& c be b\ght f #ad4dj to     
#bd4jj p] acre1 b close to ! railway 9 !
 old] f>m+ di/ricts x rea*es up to      
#if4jj p] acre4  ,illu/ration3          
,ladylike1 ,ayr%ire ,dairy ,c[4  ,9     
ord9>y times #bd4jj to #ch4dj is paid = 
a good av]age c[2 heif]s up to #ba4fj4  
,simil> prices rule1 g5]ally speak+1 9  
reg>d to all ! ,/ates4 ,an ord9>y c[    
w\ld e>n f #b4dj to #d4bj2 & a good c[ f
 #d4hj to #f4jj a mon?1 :il/ 9 pr(it1 on
 an eight mon?s' av]age milk+4   ,dairy 
,bre$s 9 ,use4  ,! milk+ bre$s mo/ 9 use
 9 ,que5sl& are ! ,ayr%ire1 ,j]sey1 &   
,milk+ ,%or?orns4 ,h]ds ( ,hol/e9s1     
,gu]nseys1 & o!r bre$s h also be5       
e/abli%$4 ,"s f9e specim5s ( ^! dairy   
cattle are to be se5 ?r\gh\t ! ,/ate1 & 

at ! l>ge annual %[s ( pure-br$ /ock1   
held at ,brisbane1 ,to[oomba1 & o!r     
c5tres4  ,! ,que5sl& ,agricultural      
,college1 a ,/ate in/itution1 bre$s     
high-class dairy bulls = sale to f>m]s1 
& h]ds are be+ also rais$ on ! ,/ate    
,f>ms4  ,c[s %\ld br+ 9 n less ?an #c4jj
 p] mon?1 or be turn$ out z useless4 ,! 
av]age is ab\t #c4gb4 ,up-to-date m5 w n
 keep a c[ :o does n av]age ?is = h]    
milk+4   ,co/ ( ,/>t+ on #afj ,acres4   
,?is1 ( c\rse1 v>ies ) ! circum/ances ( 
! case1 & dep5ds l>gely on :e!r a man   
has ! capital to pu% =w>d 8 op]ations1  
or is cont5t to gradually get 8 l& into 
work+ ord]4 ,a man ) #gbj4jj to #ajcb4jj
 c\ld make a good />t4 ,if ! l& 0 tak5  
up at #b4dj p] acre f ! ,cr[n1 8 fir/   
ye>'s deposit w\ld be #ah4bd1 & he w\ld 
h suffici5t to f5ce ! l&1 buy "s c[s1 & 
put up "s sort ( a h\se4 ,necess>ily a  
settl] does n sp5d mu* on 8 h\se at fir/
 until he has made "s money4 ,on ! o!r  
h&1 _m ( ! mo/ prosp]\s f>m]s 9 ,que5sl&
 h />t$ ) only a few p\nds1 suffici5t to

 pay _! fir/ ye>'s r5t4 ,by f5c+ 8 l&   
himself1 ! settl] c save a good deal (  
exp5se4 ,& by work+ = neighb\r+ f>m]s1  
he c gradually acquire money to buy /ock
 f "t to "t4  ,on ! o!r h&1 if he wi%es 
to beg9 /raight away1 & has a little    
money1 he c get assi/ance f !           
,agricultural ,bank1 a ,gov]nm5t        
in/itution1 :i* advances #j4fj 9 !      
t[>ds improvem5ts1 & #j4ej 9 !  = /ock1 
ma*9]y1 & implem5ts1 *>g+ #e p] c5t4    
simple int]e/4                ,,co/ ,,( 
,,/>t+ ,a ,,dairy ,,f>m ,,on #afj       
,,acres4                                
,r5t--#a/ ye>'s deposit & survey fee    
#ah4bd      ,f5c+--#b miles at #if4jj p]
 mile        7po/s #ab feet ap>t & #c   
b>bs7                     #aib4jj       
#ab ,c[s at #bh4hj p] c[                
#cde4fj      #b ,horses at #gb4jj       
#add4jj      ,pl\gh                     
#bh4hj      ,h>ness                     
#bd4jj      ,sw+le b>s & *a9s           
#f4jj      ,h\se--#bd  #ab feet1 slabb$ 
& floor$1        at #d4hj p] foot       

#aae4bj      ,milk+-%$                  
#bd4jj      ,y>d                        
#dh4jj      #cj-;gallon ,sep>ator       
#fj4jj      ,c>t 7second-h&7            
#bd4jj  ,"s small items1 su* z rations1 
milk-room1 t9w>e1 c41 h n be5 includ$ 9 
! e/imate4 ,if ! f5c+ 7 erect$          
p]sonally1 ! co/ w\ld be mat]ially      
r$uc$4 ,if ! settl] built 8 own h\se1 x 
w\ld co/ him little m ?an 8 own lab\r & 
! iron = ! ro(4  ,_m beg9n]s put up *eap
 sapl+ y>ds = a />t1 & at a nom9al co/4 
,?is w\ld mat]ially r$uce ?is e/imate4  
,! ,av]age ,h]d4  ,! av]age h]d is ab\t 
?irty head1 b _m f>m]s milk f #hj to    
#aej c[s daily4 ,! numb] ( c[s t c\ld be
 kept on an av]age f>m (1 say1 #afj     
acres dep5ds entirely on ! l&1 & ! am\nt
 ( cultivation or area "u artificial    
grasses4 ,f ?irty to eighty head w\ld be
 ab\t a fair e/imate t good l& w\ld     
c>ry4  ,"o dairy f>m] 9 ! ,we/ ,moreton1
 :o l&$ 9 ,que5sl& tw5ty-five ye>s ago )
 #j4cf 9 8 pocket1 n[ has #afj acres (  
freehold1 ( :i* he cultivates #ej acres 

= fe$ = 8 c[s & pigs4 ,he began by work+
 = 8 neighb\rs = ! fir/ few ye>s1 & ?us 
ga9$ bo? ca% & exp]i5ce4 ,he n[ milks   
?irty to fifty c[s ! :ole ye> r\nd1 & he
 makes f #gbj4jj to #hfd4jj a ye> f 8   
pigs4 ,8 income f all s\rces is f       
#aibj4jj to #bdjj4jj p] annum4 ,six or  
sev5 ye>s ago he paid #ebhj4jj = !      
place1 b to-day he w\ld n take          
#ad1djj4jj = x1 & !re is n a p5ny ( debt
 on ! prop]ty4  ,illu/ration3 ,an       
up-to-date ,milk+ ,%$4   ,grasses4  ,!  
natural grasses ( ,que5sl& are suffici5t
 9 ord9>y seasons dur+ ! summ] mon?s = !
 dairy /ock1 b no f>m] c successfully   
c>ry on dairy op]ations 9 dry times1 or 
9 w9t]1 by means ( ! grass alone4 ,he   
requires to supplem5t ! grass by gr[+   
fodd] = ! w9t] mon?s4  ,spl5did results 
h be5 obta9$ by s[+ artificial grasses1 
su* z ,paspalum dilatatum1 ,rhodes1     
,prairie1 ,gu9ea1 & ,giant ,c\* grasses4
   ,w9t] ,fe$4  ,b>ley1 luc]ne1 :eat1   
rye1 sorghum1 c41 c be gr[n = w9t] fe$4 
,on l& :i* w gr[ luc]ne1 a c]ta9 supply 

( fodd] c be cons]v$4 ,luc]ne 7or       
alfalfa1 z x is call$ 9 ,am]ica71 once  
plant$1 w la/ f five to t5 ye>s4  ,!    
butt] factories 7 fir/ />t$ by          
propriet>y companies1 & _! cream depots 
7 scatt]$ all ov] ! f>m+ di/ricts4      
,competition 0 exce$+ly ke51 & 9 "s ( ! 
t[n%ips !re 7 f\r or five rival cream   
depots1 all endeav\r+ to get ! bigge/   
%>es ( ! cream4  ,illu/ration3 ,j]sey   
,c[s4  ,( late1 a numb] ( co-op]ative   
factories run by ! f>m]s h />t$1 & prov$
 v successful1 enabl+ _! %>ehold]s to   
get a high] price = _! cream ?an hi!rto4
 ,!y are admirably manag$1 are          
ess5tially popul> in/itutions1 & h done 
spl5did "w4  ,! f>m]s e/abli%1 manage1 &
 "w !m1 & ! pr(its1 in/ead ( go+ into ! 
pockets ( ! middlem51 are di/ribut$     
among ! %>ehold]s4   ,/ate ,aid to      
,co-op]ative ,factories4  ,"u a vote by 
,p>liam5t ! ,/ate makes advances to     
f>m]s to e/abli% co-op]ative dairy      
factories4 ,! loans ext5d ov] a p]iod ( 
f\rte5 ye>s1 & #d p] c5t4 int]e/ is     

*>g$4   ,cond5s$ ,milk4  ,! ,pres]v$ &  
,cond5s$ ,milk ,indu/ry promises to     
become important 9 ! ne> future4 ,six   
factories are n[ 9 op]ation4  ,messrs4  
,ne/le & ,co41 ! _w-r5[n$ firm1 h inve/$
 #dhj1jjj4jj 9 _! ,pres]v$ ,milk        
,indu/ry 9 ,que5sl&4 ,x speaks well = a 
c\ntry :5 an old-_w firm su* z ?is is   
prep>$ to inve/ s l>gely4     ,,s\?     
,,au/ralia4   ,a l>ge area ( ,s\?       
,au/ralia is em95tly adapt$ to          
successful dairy+1 & :ile ! summ] is    
dry1 r5d]+ x necess>y to make provision 
= succul5t fe$ = sev]al mon?s1 !        
temp]ate nature ( ! climate enables !   
dairyman to keep 8 c[s 9 ! op5 "r ?r\gh 
! ye>1 ! natural %elt] 9 timb] c\ntry   
be+ suffici5t1 except on a limit$ numb] 
( days ( extreme wet & cold4 ,/all fe$+ 
= weeks at a "t is unkn[n2 ! necess>y   
%elt] %$s c be *eaply provid$1 :ile !   
lab\r ( fe$+ is1 "u ^! conditions1 r$uc$
 to a m9imum4 ,9 ! nor!rn di/ricts      
conditions are n s fav\rable z 9 ! s\?1 
b ev5 "h dairy+ c be pr(itably c>ri$ on2

 ! fact t l& is mu* *eap] comp5sates = !
 %ort] p]iod dur+ :i* ! natural h]bage  
supplies practically all ! fe$ requir$4 
,9 "s ( ! drie/ ( our f>m+ areas dairy+ 
has l>gely replac$ :eat-gr[+1 &1 al?\gh 
! yield p] c[ is naturally n s high z "u
 m fav\rable conditions1 /ill l[ r5ts & 
l>ge areas ( natural pa/ure enable !    
f>m] to make a fair pr(it4              
,illu/ration3 ,! ,cream ,c>t1 ,nor?     
,coa/1 ,n4,s4,w4  ,! ,dairy ,indu/ry1   
?\gh ( consid]able magnitude1 has n made
 z mu* progress z 0 anticipat$4 ,?is is 
probably due to ! fact t :eat-gr[+ &    
%eep-bre$+ comb9$ (f] great] attractions
 to ! f>m]4 ,^! indu/ries require a     
great deal less lab\r ?an dairy+1       
besides :i* ! "w is n s cont9u\s4 ,s    
long z highly pr(itable returns c be    
obta9$ f ! production ( c]eals & ! bre$+
 ( lambs1 ! ,dairy+ ,indu/ry is h>dly   
likely to make ! progress t w\ld o!rwise
 be possible1 ?\gh !re has ( late ye>s  
be5 /eady & cont9u$ developm5t 9 !      
indu/ry1 especially 9 ! nor!rn di/ricts4

 ,9 ! s\? & s\?-ea/1 :]e conditions are 
m suitable1 !re has1 on ! o!r h&1 be5 v 
little ext5sion4  ,l>ge quantities (    
butt] are export$ to ,brok5 ,hill & ,we/
 ,au/ralia ?r\gh\t ! ye>1 :ile dur+ !   
spr+ mon?s %ipm5ts are made to ,great   
,brita94  ,butt] is export$ 9 increas+  
quantities to ,great ,brita9 ea* ye>4 ,9
 normal ye>s f #adjj to #afjj tons are  
%ipp$4  ,*eese is n made on su* an      
ext5sive scale proportionately to butt]2
 inde$1 9 "s seasons suffici5t = local  
consumption is n produc$4 ,practically  
all ! *eese is manufactur$ on ! ,*$d>   
sy/em1 & an article ( v high quality is 
produc$ 9 ! be/ factories4  ,special    
facilities are af=d$ by ! railways = !  
conveyance ( p]i%able goods1 & cream is 
=w>d$ by ! dairyman to ! city factories 
f di/ricts #cjj miles di/ant4 ,paym5t is
 usually made on ! butt]-fat p]c5tages2 
& 9 ord] to af=d suppli]s an opportunity
 ( *eck+ ! returns receiv$ f private    
factories ! ,gov]nm5t e/abli%$ a butt]  
factory 9 connection ) ! export freez+  

works at ,port ,adelaide4 ,at ?is       
factory e c ( cream is sampl$1 & !      
quantity ( butt] x w produce is asc]ta9$
 by ! usual me?ods1 & ! suppli] is paid 
accord+ly4  ,a consid]able numb] ( butt]
 factories h be5 erect$ 9 ,s\?          
,au/ralia1 & ! butt] produc$ is g5]ally 
( high quality4 ,! butt] made f ! milk (
 c[s graz+ on ! natural h]bage ( !      
c\ntry is ( spl5did quality & col\r4 ,h&
 sep>ators are 9 g5]al use1 ! cream be+ 
s5t to ! factories = treatm5t4 ,!       
p]c5tage ( butt]-fat 9 ! milk ( c[s     
graz+ on ! natural pa/ures is unusually 
high4  ,practically ! :ole ( ! midl&1   
c5tral1 & s\?-ea/ di/ricts1 except+ t   
portion ea/ ( ! ,murray1 are suitable = 
dairy+ practice :5 c>ri$ out on         
sy/ematic l9es4 ,! prices = su* l& =    
dairy+ w\ld range f #bd4jj to #bdj4jj p]
 acre accord+ to location1 soil1 &      
ra9fall4 ,no special t]ms are (f]$ by ! 
,gov]nm5t = ! occupation ( dairy l&s4   
,mo/ ( ! repur*as$ e/ates are 9 di/ricts
 suitable = dairy+1 & ^! are allott$ "u 

cov5ant to pur*ase4 ,! pur*ase money is 
paid (f 9 sev5ty half-ye>ly in/alm5ts 7!
 fir/ t5 be>+ int]e/ only at ! rate ( #d
 p] c5t4 on pur*ase money74 ,pur*ase    
money may be complet$ at any "t aft] n9e
 ye>s4 ,reliable p>ticul>s ( successful 
dairy+ are difficult to obta94 ,x is    
safe to say t !re are _m hundr$s (      
dairym5 mak+ com=table liv+s ?r\gh\t !  
,/ate4  ,illu/ration3 ,fodd]            
,crops--,luc]ne1 ,mangels1 ,rape4       
,capital may be safely exp5d$ = dairy   
practice1 especially by c>eful &        
intellig5t m5 :o h families1 & !y may   
dep5d ^u mak+ a good liv+1 especially :5
 !y comb9e dairy practice ) pig-rais+4  
,!re are _m in/ances :]e gross returns  
are obta9$ ( f #ch4dj to #gb4jj p] c[ p]
 annum1 & ?is 9 di/ricts :]e ! milk is  
sold to ! local co-op]ative or private  
factories1 b :]e !y are situat$ )9 =ty  
miles ( ,adelaide1 & are able to take   
advantage ( a good tra9 s]vice1 !y c    
deliv] _! milk to ! capital & obta9     
gross returns equal to ab\t #gf4hj to   

#if4jj p] c[ p] annum4  ,illu/ration3   
,int]ior ( a ,*eese ,factory4           
,,we/]n ,,au/ralia4   ,! ,dairy+        
,indu/ry has n develop$ z rapidly z o!r 
bran*es ( f>m+ 9 ! ,/ate dur+ rec5t     
ye>s4 ,! cause ( ?is is attributable to 
v>i\s reasons1 "o ( ! numb] ( :i* has   
be5 ! difficulty ( obta9+ suitable f>m  
lab\r]s4 ,! majority ( "y m5 :o h emb>k$
 9 f>m+ 9 ! ,we/]n ,/ate dur+ ! la/     
decade h fav\r$ ! lightly-timb]$ belts m
 suitable = :eat & %eep rais+ 9 pref]5ce
 to ! heavily-timb]$ l& suitable =      
dairy+ situat$ 9 ! coa/al di/ricts ( !  
s\?-we/4 ,t !re is 9 ! ,/ate an enorm\s 
area ( l& :i* is em95tly adaptable to ! 
gr[+ ( fodd]s necess>y = successful     
dairy+ has be5 amply demon/rat$4 ,s9ce  
#aije indefatigable ef=ts to advance !  
,dairy+ ,indu/ry h be5 made4 ,an e/ate  
at ,brunswick1 9 ! vic9ity ( ,bunbury1  
ab\t #ajj miles s\? ( ,p]?1 0 pur*as$ by
 ! ,gov]nm5t1 & #hjj acres ( x 0 ve/$ 9 
! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture = ! purpose (
 a ,/ate ,dairy ,f>m1 on l9es t c\ld be 

copi$ by a practical dairy f>m]2 also-- 
7#a7 ,= supply+ /ud /ock ( ! be/ /ra9s  
procurable at           reasonable      
prices to dairy f>m]s4      7#b7 ,to    
demon/rate t ) ! assi/ance ( irrigation 
a small           acreage ( l& c be made
 to c>ry a l>ge numb] ( /ock4      7#c7 
,:]e a v>iety ( fodd] crops c be        
introduc$1 &           exp]im5t$ ) s z  
to asc]ta9 _! value = fe$+-(f1          
bo? 9 a gre5 /ate = cur+ into hay or =  
pres]v+ into           big silos 9 a    
succul5t =m4  ,capaci\s c[ & calf       
/ables1 suitable %$s1 & pigg]ies 7      
design$ & con/ruct$ z an example to be  
foll[$ 9 />t+ an up-to-date dairy f>m4  
,a h]d ( dairy c[s1 ( "s ( ! be/        
,ayr%ire /ra9s 9 ,au/ralia1 0 collect$1 
z well z a f9e numb] ( ,b]k%ire pigs1   
pur*as$ f ! mo/ successful bre$]s &     
import]s4 ,?ree l>ge tub silos1 capable 
( hold+ #bej tons ( fodd]1 7 erect$ 9   
:i* to /ore w9t]-gr[n crops z well z !  
summ] crops "u irrigation4              
,illu/ration3 ,cr[n ,pr9ce1 ,gu]nsey    

,bull4  ,an irrigation s*eme 0 c>ri$    
out1 & ! results h be5 mo/ successful4  
,! foll[+ dairy fodd] crops h yield$    
prolifically3--,oats1 rye1 maize1       
sorghum1 pe>l millet1 vet*es1 field     
peas1 c[ peas1 luc]ne1 mu/>d1 ,j]sey    
kale1 field cabbage1 turnips1 sw$es1    
mangel wurzel1 silv] beet1 buck:eat1    
potatoes1 l9se$1 pig melon1 paspalum1   
,italian can>y grass4 ,! irrigation     
plant is capable ( deal+ ) #hj acres (  
l& 9 ! summ] mon?s4 ,"s ( ! l& ?us      
treat$ is ! ri* d>k alluvial on ! riv]  
bank1 :ile a portion is on ! high] clay 
plateau1 & consi/s ( l& typical ( _m    
?\s&s ( acres 9 ! same locality4 ,! l& 9
 its virg9 /ate 0 timb]$ ) r$ gum &     
flood$ gum1 & co/ ab\t #ch4dj an acre to
 grub & cle>1 & on su* l& ) irrigation 9
 ! summ] two heavy crops a ye> c be     
dep5d$ on4  ,illu/ration3 ,milk+ ,%$4   
,%ortly aft] ! ,/ate ,f>m 0 e/abli%$ !  
,gov]nm5t pur*as$ ov] #ejj dairy c[s 9 !
 ea/]n ,/ates1 & ^! 7 sold to ,we/]n    
,au/ralian f>m]s 9 lots ( t5 at co/     

price on two-ye> t]ms1 ) #e p] c5t4     
int]e/ add$4  ,! ,gov]nm5t engag$ a     
highly-qualifi$ dairy exp]t 9 ! p]son ( 
,mr4 ,k9sella1 ( ,new ,zeal&1 to visit !
 di/ricts mo/ likely to give att5tion to
 ! dairy+ indu/ry 9 ! imm$iate future1 &
 by means ( p]sonal int]views1          
addresses1 leaflets1 & concisely-writt5 
pamphlets1 ,mr4 ,k9sella did valuable "w
 9 di/ribut+ in=mation & direct+ !      
beg9n] on ! "r road to successful       
dairy+4 ,mr4 ,k9sella subsequ5tly sev]$ 
8 connection ) ! dep>tm5t1 & he has be5 
rec5tly succe$$ by ,mr4 ,ab]ne?y1 :o has
 obta9$ ! v highe/ diplomas 9 ,engl& 9  
connection ) dairy+4 ,mr4 ,ab]ne?y      
rec5tly arriv$ f ,great ,brita91 & has  
n[ ent]$ ^u 8 duties1 & x is confid5tly 
believ$ t 8 ef=ts w result 9 a numb] (  
f>m]s be+ induc$ to emb>k 9 ! indu/ry on
 s\nd & practical l9es4 ,! new selector 
w also h ! b5efit & ! advice ( !        
,director ( ,agriculture1 ,mr4          
,mc,nulty1 on all matt]s conc]n+ 8 soil1
 8 /ock1 & ! m>ket+ ( 8 produce4   ,l&s 

= ,dairy ,f>m+4  ,) a view to settl+    
practical f>m]s ) limit$ means on ! ri* 
& heavily-timb]$ l&s 9 ! s\!rn portion (
 ! ,/ate ! ,gov]nm5t h a l>ge numb] (   
surveyors at "w survey+ ! l& into       
suitable siz$ blocks1 rang+ f #bjj to   
#gjj acres ea*4 ,ma9 roads h be5 cle>$  
to s]ve ^! areas1 & a proposal to cle>  
#aj acres on ea* block = ! pl\gh is n[  
"u consid]ation4 ,railways w be pu%$    
?r\gh ?is c\ntry z rapidly z possible4  
,! annual av]age ra9fall ov] ?is c\ntry 
av]ages f #ce 94 to #dj 941 & ! l&      
conta9s "s ( ! ri*e/ soil 9 ! ,/ate4    
,price ( ,l&4  ,! price ( l& ranges f   
ab\t #d4hj to #ai4bj an acre1 & ea* new 
selector ov] sixte5 ye>s ( age w h ! "r 
to practically a free grant ( #afj      
acres1 additional l& be+ available at   
approximately ! prices quot$1 ! paym5ts 
= :i* w be spread ov] tw5ty ye>s )\t    
int]e/4 ,! selector w also h ! privilege
 ( borr[+ f ! ,/ate ,agricultural ,bank 
= r+b>k+1 cle>+1 wat] cons]vation1 &    
subsequ5tly = /ock & implem5ts1 ! loan  

be+ repaid ov] a t]m ( ?irty ye>s1 = !  
fir/ five ye>s ( :i* int]e/ only at !   
rate ( #e p] c5t4 p] annum w be payable4
 ,prior to ! blocks be+ ?r[n op5 !      
prices w be adv]tis$ & ! am\nt ( loan ! 
bank is prep>$ to advance to suitable   
applicants on ea* block w be fix$4      
,illu/ration3 ,devon ,cattle 9          
,au/ralia4  ,illu/ration3 ,prime ,h]d ( 
,j]seys4   ,butt] ,factories4  ,at !    
pres5t "t !re are ?ree butt] factories  
op]at+ 9 ! ,/ate1 & no d\bt :5 ! ,dairy+
 ,indu/ry has develop$ suffici5tly a    
numb] ( co-op]ative factories w be />t$4
  ,! m5 :o decide to devote _! en]gies  
to ! ,dairy+ ,indu/ry w h ! advantage ( 
a magnific5t local m>ket to />t on1 z at
 ! pres5t "t ,we/]n ,au/ralia is s5d+   
some?+ l #dhjj4jj a day to ! ea/]n      
,/ates = dairy produce4     ,,tasmania4 
,! conditions ( ,tasmania are em95tly   
fav\rable = dairy f>m+4 ,up till rec5t  
ye>s ! indu/ry did n receive mu*        
att5tion1 b n[ t a />t has be5 made     
butt] production is advanc+ rapidly4    

,! ,l& ,requir$4  ,! f\ndation ( !      
,dairy+ ,indu/ry is grass1 & to get     
grass1 good l& & pl5ty ( moi/ure is     
requir$4 ,!re=e anyone propos+ to g into
 ?is bus9ess %\ld endeav\r to secure ! v
 be/ l& obta9able4 ,!re is a l>ge       
quantity available1 especially 9 !      
nor?-we/]n & nor?-ea/]n p>ts ( ! isl&4  
,!re is a great deal also 9 ! s\!rn     
di/ricts4 ,in=mation c always be obta9$ 
f ! ,l&s ,dep>tm5t & ! di/rict          
surveyors1 & no difficulty %\ld be      
exp]i5c$ by ! int5d+ dairy f>m] 9 f9d+  
l& suitable = 8 purpose4 ,! m op5 p>ts (
 ! ,/ate1 su* z ! midl&s & ! ea/ coa/1  
:]e !re is natural grass1 h l>gely pass$
 into private h&s1 & lat] selectors h _h
 to take up1 cle>1 & lay d[n 9 pa/ure ! 
m heavily-timb]$ portions4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 
is n altoge!r ! h&icap x appe>s at fir/ 
sight1 z ! returns f ! v ri* scrub l&s  
are by f> ! highe/4 ,x is easy to judge 
( ! quality ( l& by ! indig5\s timb] ^u 
x4 ,ri* l&1 suitable = lay+ d[n 9 grass1
 is cov]$ ) a d5se gr[? ( sassafras1    

tree-f]n1 musk1 & pe> tree1 ) l>ge blue 
or swamp gums1 & an und]bu% ( :at are   
kn[n z ca!ad f]ns4 ,/r+y-b>k trees mean 
a poor] soil1 & any l& be>+ !m %\ld be  
avoid$ if possible4  ,any p]son (       
eighte5 ye>s ( age & upw>ds may select  
an area n exce$+ #bjj acres ( fir/-class
 l&1 provid$ he does n hold l& on cr$it 
"u any previ\s ,act4 ,he is requir$ to  
pay a ca% deposit ( #j4jd an acre at !  
"t ( sale1 an in/alm5t ( #j4jf an acre =
 ea* ( ! two foll[+ ye>s1 #j4bd an acre 
annually = ! next f\r ye>s1 #j4cf an    
acre = ! next f\r ye>s1 & #j4dh p] acre 
= ! next eight ye>s4 ,! survey fee is   
paid1 "o-fif? 9 ca% & ! balance by f\r  
equal annual paym5ts1 ) int]e/ add$1    
unless ! selector elects to pay x (f at 
once1 :5 int]e/ is remitt$4 ,e          
enc\ragem5t %ort ( giv+ ! fee simple ( !
 l& away = no?+ is af=d$ ! int5d+       
settl]1 & he c acquire a freehold on    
easi] t]ms 9 ,tasmania ?an any:]e else4 
,illu/ration3 ,ayr%ire ,h]d1 ,new ,s\?  
,wales4   ,cle>+ ! ,l&4  ,cle>+ a       

selection = dairy f>m+ is a v diff]5t   
op]ation f ! cle>+ requir$ = fruit-gr[+4
 ,:]e ! l& is to be laid d[n 9 pa/ure1  
no pl\gh+ has to be done1 consequ5tly ! 
co/ is v mu* less4 ,9 cle>+ l& = grass x
 is ! be/ plan to fir/ ( all r+ all !   
eucalyptus trees4 ,?is consi/s 9 cutt+ a
 r+ r\nd ! tree ) axes ?r\gh ! b>k &    
sapwood1 or alburnum1 into ! br[n wood  
b5ea?4 ,! crude sap1 be>+ 9 solution !  
v>i\s organic matt]s :i* ! roots h      
extract$ f ! soil1 asc5ds by ! out] lay]
 ( wood imm$iately b5ea? ! b>k to !     
leaves1 :]e x is elaborat$ into plant   
food4 ,:5 ?is lay] is cut ?r\gh1 ! food 
supply is imm$iately /opp$1 & ! tree    
dies4 ,! op]ation ( r++ is be/ done dur+
 ! w9t]1 :5 ! sap is d[n1 & if prop]ly  
p]=m$ at ! "r "t ! tree always dies v   
soon4 ,if possible1 ! r++ %\ld be done a
 ye> or two be=e ! g5]al cle>+ is       
comm5c$1 z all ! dead leaves1 small     
bran*es1 & dead b>k h "t to fall1 & are 
!n burn$ (f ) ! re/ ( ! scrub4 ,! next  
op]ation is to cut d[n all ! bru%wood & 

small] gr[?s ) bill-hooks1 & !n ! re/ ( 
! scrub is fell$ ) axes1 & all[$ to lie 
until q dry1 :5 x is burn$ (f4 ,a good  
burn %\ld leave v little to be cle>$ up1
 b sometimes1 :]e !re is su* vegetation 
z sassafras or fall5 tree-f]ns1 a good  
deal ( pick+-up has to be done4 ,?is    
means t all ! unburnt timb] on ! gr\nd  
has to be roll$ toge!r & burnt4         
,tree-f]ns %\ld n be fell$1 z !y d n    
burn well4 ,! be/ way ( kill+ !m is to  
cut (f ! fronds j bel[ :]e !y spr+ f !  
/em4 ,"s knack is requir$ to cut 9 j !  
"r place1 b x is easily acquir$4 ,!re   
are c]ta9 precautions to be obs]v$ 9    
burn+-(f1 :i* ! settl] %\ld make himself
 acqua9t$ )4 ,in=mation on ?is po9t & 9 
reg>d to any matt]s ( practical int]e/  
to ! beg9n] w be furni%$ gladly & )\t   
*>ge by exp]i5c$ (fic]s ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( 
,agriculture4  ,illu/ration3 ,cle>+ !   
,l&4  ,z soon z ! l& is burnt (f ! grass
 may be s[n ^u x4 ,no cultivation is    
usually giv51 ! grass-se$ be+ s[n ^u !  
a%es rema9+ f ! burnt scrub1 :i* =ms v  

effective manure4 ,cocksfoot is ! grass 
p> excell5ce = ?is "w1 z x is v h>dy &  
nutriti\s1 & n attack$ by insect pe/s to
 ! same ext5t z o!rs4 ,sometimes a      
mixture ( cocksfoot1 ,engli% rye-grass1 
& :ite clov] is us$1 or ! two grasses   
alone are plant$4 ,local in=mation is ! 
be/ guide obta9able z to :at x is be/ to
 plant4 ,dairy+ ?us becomes practicable 
9 a ye> or two1 & returns are receiv$   
mu* soon] ?an f any o!r bran* (         
agriculture4 ,x w1 ( c\rse1 be necess>y 
to cle> a c]ta9 am\nt ( ! selection =   
cultivation1 s t crops may be gr[n1 & x 
is (t5 bett] & *eap] 9 ! end to devote !
 poor] & less heavily timb]$ p>ts ( !   
hold+ to ?is purpose1 & buy manure4 ,"s 
selectors clean up a "p ( ! gr\nd (     
roots & logs1 leav+ all ! big r+$ timb] 
/&+1 & pl\gh x up4 ,x requires "s skill 
to /e] a pl\gh "u ^! conditions1 b v    
good crops c be gr[n 9 ?is way4   ,butt]
 ,factories4  ,prop]ly equipp$ butt]    
factories are situat$ at ,launce/on     
7#b71 ,delora9e1 ,burnie1 ,emu ,bay1    

,wyny>d1 ,/anley1 ,smi?ton1 ,wilmot1    
,r+>ooma1 ,d]by1 & ,py5gana4 ,9 ! s\?   
!re are only two ( any magnitude1 "o 9  
,hob>t1 & ! o!r at ,bream ,creek4 ,a    
well-equipp$ factory has be5 e/abli%$ on
 ,k+ ,isl&1 9 ,bass ,/raits1 a locality 
t has be5 f\nd v suitable = dairy+4     
,dairy ,h]ds4  ,! dairy h]ds ( ! ,/ate  
until a few ye>s ago 7 ( a some:at      
nondescript type1 v few f>m]s hav+      
realis$ ! necessity ( improv+ !         
butt]-yield+ capacity ( _! /ock4        
,rec5tly1 h[ev]1 great improvem5ts h    
tak5 place1 z ! dairy+ indu/ry has      
advanc$1 until n[ _m ,tasmanian dairym5 
own h]ds ( ! highe/ /&>d4 ,! "w (       
improv+ ! milk+ /ra9s ( cattle is 9 !   
h&s ( ! f>m]s !mselves1 b advice &      
assi/ance are always obta9able f !      
,gov]nm5t ,dairy ,exp]t4   ,*eese-mak+4 
,?is is a highly pr(itable bran* ( dairy
 f>m+1 & ! product is s small 9 bulk    
comp>$ ) its value t x is em95tly       
portable4 ,*eese-mak+ c !re=e be c>ri$  
on "u conditions :]e o!r =ms (          

production w\ld be difficult4 ,"s skill 
& k are requir$1 b ! ,dairy ,exp]t      
regul>ly gives lectures & demon/rations 
on ! subject 9 all ! pr9cipal           
agricultural c5tres1 s t any intellig5t 
p]son c easily obta9 all ! in=mation he 
requires4  ,! pr9cipal *eese factories 9
 ! ,/ate are situat$ at ,/4 ,m>y's1     
,py5gana1 ,emu ,bay1 ,devonport1 &      
,circul> ,head4  ,! *eese produc$ is v  
good 9 quality1 & a consid]able export  
trade w soon be develop$ 9 x4           
,bacon-cur+4  ,! production ( hams &    
bacon is "o ( ! collat]al indu/ries     
connect$ ) dairy+1 z ! skim-milk & wa/e 
products =m a v valuable food = fatt5+  
pigs4 ,excell5t bacon is produc$ 9      
,tasmania1 & a good deal is export$1 b n
 ne>ly :at might be produc$4            
,illu/ration3 ,gr\p ( ,prize ,bulls4    
,dairy ,factories4  ,x is ! introduction
 ( ! dairy factory sy/em t has solv$ !  
problem ( success or failure = ! dairy  
f>m]4 ,^! in/itutions are becom+ fairly 
num]\s ?r\gh\t ! ,/ate1 & are all       

equipp$ ) ! mo/ mod]n ma*9]y & manag$ by
 exp]t m54 ,! f>m] ne>ly always1        
n[adays1 has 8 cream sep>ator1 & all he 
has to take to ! factory is ! cream1 :i*
 does n occupy mu* space1 :ile ! skimm$ 
milk rema9s on ! f>m = fe$+ pigs or     
calves4 ,"s ( ! dairy factories 9 !     
,/ate are propriet>y1 b o!rs are on !   
co-op]ative sy/em1 "u :i* ! f>m]s are ! 
own]s1 & %>e 9 ! g5]al pr(its1 z well z 
be+ paid = _! cream4   ,mc,c,a,r,r,o,n1 
,,bird  ,,co41 ,pr9t]s1 #dgi ,coll9s    
,/reet1 ,melb\rne4     ,footnote ,a3 ,! 
p]sonnel ( ! ,commission 0 z            
foll[s3--,sir ,t4 ,c>law ,m>t91         
,ed9burgh 7,*airman72 ,sir ,john ,r4 ,g4
 ,s9clair1 ,b>t41 ,b>rock ,h\se1 ,wick  
7,vice ,*airman72 ,dr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,wilson1 
,f4,r4,s4,e41 ,/4 ,&rew's ,univ]sity2   
,dr4 ,%irra ,gibb ,boon1 ,laud]2        
,william ,b>b]1 ,m4,a41 ,t]]ran1        
,moniaive2 ,j4 ,mc,hutchen ,dobbie1     
,camp5d1 ,dalkei?2 ,james ,dunlop1      
,kilm>nock2 ,r4 ,b4 ,greig1             
,f4,r4,s4,e41 ,cults2 ,william ,h5d]son1

 ,lawton1 ,c\p>-,angus2 ,james ,kei?1   
,pitm$dan1 ,udny2 ,e4 ,e4 ,morrison1    
,m4,a41 ,bonn+ton1 ,siravi?ie2 & ,alex4 
,m4 ,pra91 ,errol 7,secret>y74