,,"*  ,by ,samuel ,smiles     ,,*apt]   
,i4--,,influ5ce ,,( ,,"*4               
,unless above himself he c ,erect       
himself1 h[ poor a ?+      is           
man--,,daniel4       ,"* is moral ord]  
se5 ?r\gh ! m$ium1 ( an      individual 
nature4444 ,m5 ( "* are ! consci5ce (   
! society to :i* !y belong4--,,em]son4  
,! prosp]ity ( a c\ntry dep5ds1 n on !  
abundance      ( its rev5ues1 nor on !  
/r5g? ( its =tifications1      nor on ! 
beauty ( its public build+s2 b x consi/s
      9 ! numb] ( its cultivat$ citiz5s1
 9 its m5 (      education1 enlight5m5t1
 & "*2 "h are to be      f\nd its true  
int]e/1 its *ief /r5g?1 its real        
p[]4--,,m>t9 ,,lu!r4   ,"* is "o ( !    
greate/ motive p[]s 9 ! _w4 ,9 its      
noble/ embodim5ts1 x exemplifies human  
nature 9 its highe/ =ms1 = x exhibits   
man at 8 be/4  ,m5 ( g5u9e excell5ce1 9 
e /ation ( life--m5 ( indu/ry1 (        
integrity1 ( high pr9ciple1 ( /]l+      
hone/y ( purpose--comm& ! spontane\s    
homage ( mank9d4 ,x is natural to       

believe 9 su* m51 to h confid5ce 9 !m1 &
 to imitate !m4 ,all t is good 9 ! _w is
 upheld by !m1 & )\t _! pres5ce 9 x ! _w
 w\ld n be wor? liv+ 94  ,al?\gh g5ius  
always comm&s admiration1 "* mo/ secures
 respect4 ,! =m] is m ! product (       
bra9-p[]1 ! latt] ( he>t-p[]2 & 9 ! long
 run x is ! he>t t rules 9 life4 ,m5 (  
g5ius /& to society 9 ! relation ( its  
intellect1 z m5 ( "* ( its consci5ce2 & 
:ile ! =m] are admir$1 ! latt] are      
foll[$4  ,great m5 are always           
exceptional m52 & greatness itself is b 
comp>ative4 ,inde$1 ! range ( mo/ m5 9  
life is s limit$1 t v few h !           
opportunity ( be+ great4 ,b ea* man c   
act 8 "p hone/ly & hon\rably1 & to ! be/
 ( 8 ability4 ,he c use 8 gifts1 & n    
abuse !m4 ,he c /rive to make ! be/ (   
life4 ,he c be true1 j1 hone/1 &        
fai?ful1 ev5 9 small ?+s4 ,9 a ^w1 he c 
d 8 ,duty 9 t sph]e 9 :i* ,provid5ce has
 plac$ him4  ,commonplace ?\gh x may    
appe>1 ?is do+ ( "o's ,duty embodies !  
highe/ ideal ( life & "*4 ,!re may be   

no?+ h]oic ab\t x2 b ! common lot ( m5  
is n h]oic4 ,& ?\gh ! abid+ s5se ( ,duty
 upholds man 9 8 highe/ attitudes1 x    
also equally su/a9s him 9 ! transaction 
( ! ord9>y affairs ( ev]yday exi/5ce4   
,man's life is c5tr$ 9 ! sph]e ( common 
duties4 ,! mo/ influ5tial ( all !       
virtues are ^? :i* are ! mo/ 9 reque/ = 
daily use4 ,!y we> ! be/1 & la/ !       
longe/4 ,sup]f9e virtues1 :i* are above 
! /&>d ( common m51 may only be s\rces (
 temptation & dang]4 ,burke has truly   
said t ! human sy/em :i* re/s = its     
basis on ! h]oic virtues is sure to h a 
sup]/ructure ( weakness or ( pr(ligacy4 
,:5 ,dr4 ,abbot1 aft]w>ds ,ar*bi%op (   
,cant]bury1 drew ! "* ( 8 deceas$ fri5d 
,?omas ,sackville1 #aja he did n dwell  
^u 8 m]its z a /atesman1 or 8 g5ius z a 
poet1 b ^u 8 virtues z a man 9 relation 
to ! ord9>y duties ( life4 ,h[ _m r>e   
?+s 7 9 him6 said he4 ,:o m lov+ unto 8 
wife8 ,:o m k9d unto 8 *ildr58--,:o m   
fa/ unto 8 fri5d8--,:o m mod]ate unto 8 
enemy8--,:o m true to 8 ^w8 ,inde$1 we c

 always bett] und]/& & appreciate a     
man's real "* by ! mann] 9 :i* he       
conducts himself t[>ds ^? :o are ! mo/  
ne>ly relat$ to him1 & by 8 transaction 
( ! seem+ly commonplace details ( daily 
duty1 ?an by 8 public exhibition (      
himself z an au?or1 an orator1 or a     
/atesman4  ,at ! same "t1 :ile ,duty1 = 
! mo/ "p1 applies to ! conduct ( affairs
 9 common life by ! av]age ( common m51 
x is also a su/a9+ p[] to m5 ( ! v      
highe/ /&>d ( "*4 ,!y may n h ei!r      
money1 or prop]ty1 or le>n+1 or p[]2 &  
yet !y may be /rong 9 he>t & ri* 9      
_s--hone/1 tru?ful1 dutiful4 ,& :oev]   
/rives to d 8 duty fai?fully is fulfill+
 ! purpose = :i* he 0 creat$1 & build+  
up 9 himself ! pr9ciples ( a manly "*4  
,!re are _m p]sons ( :om x may be said t
 !y h no o!r possession 9 ! _w b _! "*1 
& yet !y /& z firmly ^u x z any cr[n$   
k+4  ,intellectual culture has no       
necess>y relation to purity or excell5ce
 ( "*4 ,9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 appeals are  
con/antly made to ! he>t ( man & to ! _s

 we are (1 :il/ allusions to ! intellect
 are ( v r>e occurr5ce4 ,a h&ful ( good 
life1 says ,george ,h]b]t1 is wor? a    
bu%el ( le>n+4 ,n t le>n+ is to be      
despis$1 b t x mu/ be alli$ to goodness4
 ,intellectual capacity is sometimes    
f\nd associat$ ) ! meane/ moral "* )    
abject s]vility to ^? 9 high places1 &  
arrogance to ^? ( l[ e/ate4 ,a man may  
be accompli%$ 9 art1 lit]ature1 &       
sci5ce1 & yet1 9 hone/y1 virtue1        
tru?fulness1 & ! _s ( duty1 be entitl$  
to take rank aft] _m a poor & illit]ate 
peasant4  ,y insi/1 wrote ,p]!s to a    
fri5d1 on respect = le>n$ m54 ,i say1   
,am56 ,b1 at ! same "t1 don't =get t    
l>g5ess ( m9d1 dep? ( ?\ght1            
appreciation ( ! l(ty1 exp]i5ce ( ! _w1 
delicacy ( mann]1 tact & en]gy 9 action1
 love ( tru?1 hone/y1 & amiability--t   
all ^! may be want+ 9 a man :o may yet  
be v le>n$4 #ajb  ,:5 "s "o1 9 ,sir     
,walt] ,scott's he>+1 made a rem>k z to 
! value ( lit]>y tal5ts & accompli%m5ts1
 z if !y 7 above all ?+s to be e/eem$ & 

hon\r$1 he obs]v$1 ,god help u6 :at a   
poor _w ?is w\ld be if t 7 ! true       
doctr9e6 ,i h read books en\gh1 & obs]v$
 & conv]s$ ) en\gh ( em95t &            
spl5didly-cultur$ m9ds1 too1 9 my "t2 b 
,i assure y1 ,i h he>d high] s5tim5ts f 
! lips ( poor ,,un$ucat$ m5 & wom51 :5  
ex]t+ ! _s ( sev]e yet g5tle h]oism "u  
difficulties & afflictions1 or speak+ _!
 simple ?\ghts z to circum/ances 9 ! lot
 ( fri5ds & neighb\rs1 ?an ,i ev] yet   
met ) out ( ! ,bible4 ,we %all nev] le>n
 to feel & respect our real call+ &     
de/9y1 unless we h taught ourselves to  
consid] ev]y?+ z moon%9e1 comp>$ ) !    
education ( ! he>t4 #ajc  ,/ill less has
 weal? any necess>y connection )        
elevation ( "*4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is mu* 
m frequ5tly ! cause ( its corruption &  
degradation4 ,weal? & corruption1 luxury
 & vice1 h v close aff9ities to ea* o!r4
 ,weal?1 9 ! h&s ( m5 ( weak purpose1 ( 
defici5t self-control1 or ( ill-regulat$
 passions1 is only a temptation & a     
sn>e--! s\rce1 x may be1 ( inf9ite      

mis*ief to !mselves1 & (t5 to o!rs4  ,on
 ! contr>y1 a condition ( comp>ative    
pov]ty is compatible ) "* 9 its highe/  
=m4 ,a man may possess only 8 indu/ry1 8
 frugality1 8 integrity1 & yet /& high 9
 ! rank ( true manhood4 ,! advice :i*   
,burns's fa!r gave him 0 ! be/3     ,he 
bade me act a manly "p1 ?\gh ,i _h ne'er
 a f>?+1    ,= )\t an hone/ manly he>t  
no man 0 wor? reg>d+4  ,"o ( ! pure/ &  
noble/ *>act]s ! writ] ev] knew 0 a     
lab\r+ man 9 a nor!rn c\nty1 :o br\ght  
up 8 family respectably on an income    
nev] am\nt+ to m ?an t5 %ill+s a week4  
,?\gh possess$ ( only ! rudim5ts (      
common education1 obta9$ at an ord9>y   
p>i% s*ool1 he 0 a man full ( wisdom &  
?\ghtfulness4 ,8 libr>y consi/$ ( !     
,bible1 ',flavel1' & ',bo/on'--books    
:i*1 except+ ! fir/1 probably few read]s
 h ev] he>d (4 ,?is good man might h sat
 = ! portrait ( ,wordswor?'s well-kn[n  
',w&]]4' ,:5 he _h liv$ 8 mode/ life (  
"w & wor%ip1 & f9ally w5t to 8 re/1 he  
left beh9d him a reputation = practical 

wisdom1 = g5u9e goodness1 & =           
helpfulness 9 e good "w1 :i* great] &   
ri*] m5 might h envi$4  ,:5 ,lu!r di$1  
he left beh9d him1 z set =? 9 8 w1 no   
ready money1 no treasure ( co9 ( any    
description4 ,he 0 s poor at "o "p ( 8  
life1 t he 0 "u ! necessity ( e>n+ 8    
bread by turn+1 g>d5+1 & clockmak+4     
,yet1 at ! v "t :5 he 0 ?us work+ ) 8   
h&s1 he 0 m\ld+ ! "* ( 8 c\ntry2 & he 0 
morally /rong]1 & va/ly m hon\r$ &      
foll[$1 ?an all ! pr9ces ( ,g]many4  ,"*
 is prop]ty4 ,x is ! noble/ (           
possessions4 ,x is an e/ate 9 ! g5]al   
goodwill & respect ( m52 & !y :o inve/ 9
 x--?\gh !y may n become ri* 9 ?is _w's 
goods--w f9d _! rew>d 9 e/eem &         
reputation fairly & hon\rably won4 ,& x 
is "r t 9 life good qualities %\ld      
tell--t indu/ry1 virtue1 & goodness %\ld
 rank ! highe/--& t ! really be/ m5 %\ld
 be =emo/4  ,simple hone/y ( purpose 9 a
 man goes a long way 9 life1 if f\nd$ on
 a j e/imate ( himself & a /eady ob$i5ce
 to ! rule he kn[s & feels to be "r4 ,x 

holds a man /raight1 gives him /r5g? &  
su/5ance1 & =ms a ma9spr+ ( vigor\s     
action4 ,no man1 once said ,sir ,b5jam9 
,rudy>d1 is b\nd to be ri* or           
great1--no1 nor to be wise2 b e man is  
b\nd to be hone/4 #ajd  ,b ! purpose1   
besides be+ hone/1 mu/ be inspir$ by    
s\nd pr9ciples1 & pursu$ ) undeviat+    
adh]5ce to tru?1 integrity1 &           
uprightness4 ,)\t pr9ciples1 a man is l 
a %ip )\t rudd] or compass1 left to     
drift hi!r & ?i!r ) e w9d t bl[s4 ,he is
 z "o )\t law1 or rule1 or ord]1 or     
gov]nm5t4 ,moral pr9ciples1 says ,hume1 
are social & univ]sal4 ,!y =m1 9 a      
mann]1 ! ,,p>ty ( humank9d aga9/ vice & 
disord]1 its common enemy4  ,epictetus  
once receiv$ a visit f a c]ta9          
magnific5t orator go+ to ,rome on a     
lawsuit1 :o wi%$ to le>n f ! /oic some?+
 ( 8 philosophy4 ,epictetus receiv$ 8   
visitor coolly1 n believ+ 9 8 s9c]ity4  
,y w only criticise my /yle1 said he2 n 
really wi%+ to le>n pr9ciples4--,well1  
b1 said ! orator1 if ,i att5d to t sort 

( ?+2 ,i %all be a m]e paup]1 l y1 ) no 
plate1 nor equipage1 nor l&4--,i don't  
,,want su* ?+s1 repli$ ,epictetus2 &    
besides1 y are poor] ?an ,i am1 aft]    
all4 ,patron or no patron1 :at c>e ,i8  
,y ,,d c>e4 ,i am ri*] ?an y4 ,i don't  
c>e :at ,caes> ?9ks ( me4 ,i flatt] no  
"o4 ,?is is :at ,i h1 in/ead ( y\r gold 
& silv] plate4 ,y h silv] vessels1 b    
e>!nw>e reasons1 pr9ciples1 appetites4  
,my m9d to me a k+dom is1 & x furni%es  
me ) abundant & happy occupation 9 lieu 
( y\r re/less idl5ess4 ,all y\r         
possessions seem small to y2 m9e seem   
great to me4 ,y\r desire is             
insatiate--m9e is satisfi$4 #aje  ,tal5t
 is by no means r>e 9 ! _w2 nor is ev5  
g5ius4 ,b c ! tal5t be tru/$8--c !      
g5ius8 ,n unless bas$ on tru?fulness--on
 v]acity4 ,x is ?is quality m ?an any   
o!r t comm&s ! e/eem & respect1 &       
secures ! confid5ce ( o!rs4 ,tru?fulness
 is at ! f\ndation ( all p]sonal        
excell5ce4 ,x exhibits itself 9 conduct4
 ,x is rectitude--tru? 9 action1 & %9es 

?r\gh e ^w & de$4 ,x means reliabl5ess1 
& conv9ces o!r m5 t x c be tru/$4 ,& a  
man is already ( consequ5ce 9 ! _w :5 x 
is kn[n t he c be reli$ on1--t :5 he    
says he kn[s a ?+1 he does "k x1--t :5  
he says he w d a ?+1 he c d1 & does x4  
,?us reliabl5ess becomes a passport to !
 g5]al e/eem & confid5ce ( mank9d4  ,9 !
 affairs ( life or ( bus9ess1 x is n    
intellect t tells s mu* z "*1--n bra9s s
 mu* z he>t1--n g5ius s mu* z           
self-control1 pati5ce1 & discipl9e1     
regulat$ by judgm5t4 ,h5ce !re is no    
bett] provision = ! uses ( ei!r private 
or public life1 ?an a fair %>e ( ord9>y 
good s5se guid$ by rectitude4 ,good     
s5se1 discipl9$ by exp]i5ce & inspir$ by
 goodness1 issues 9 practical wisdom4   
,inde$1 goodness 9 a measure implies    
wisdom--! highe/ wisdom--! union ( !    
worldly ) ! spiritual4 ,! correspond5ces
 ( wisdom & goodness1 says ,sir ,h5ry   
,taylor1 are manifold2 & t !y w         
accompany ea* o!r is to be inf]r$1 n    
only because m5's wisdom makes !m good1 

b because _! goodness makes !m wise4    
#ajf  ,x is because ( ?is controll+ p[] 
( "* 9 life t we (t5 see m5 ex]cise an  
am\nt ( influ5ce app>5tly out ( all     
proportion to _! intellectual end[m5ts4 
,!y appe> to act by means ( "s lat5t    
p[]1 "s res]v$ =ce1 :i* acts secretly1  
by m]e pres5ce4 ,z ,burke said ( a      
p[]ful nobleman ( ! la/ c5tury1 8       
virtues 7 8 means4 ,! secret is1 t !    
aims ( su* m5 are felt to be pure &     
noble1 & !y act ^u o!rs ) a con/ra9+    
p[]4  ,?\gh ! reputation ( m5 ( g5u9e "*
 may be ( sl[ gr[?1 _! true qualities _c
 be :olly conceal$4 ,!y may be          
misrepres5t$ by "s1 & misund]/ood by    
o!rs2 mis=tune & adv]sity may1 = a "t1  
ov]take !m b1 ) pati5ce & endurance1 !y 
w ev5tually inspire ! respect & comm& ! 
confid5ce :i* !y really des]ve4  ,x has 
be5 said ( ,%]idan t1 _h he possess$    
reliabl5ess ( "*1 he might h rul$ ! _w2 
:]eas1 = want ( x1 8 spl5did gifts 7    
comp>atively useless4 ,he dazzl$ &      
amus$1 b 0 )\t weight or influ5ce 9 life

 or politics4 ,ev5 ! poor pantomimi/ (  
,drury ,lane felt himself 8 sup]ior4    
,?us1 :5 ,delp9i "o day press$ ! manag] 
= arre>s ( sal>y1 ,%]idan %>ply reprov$ 
him1 tell+ him he _h =gott5 8 /ation4   
,no1 inde$1 ,monsieur ,%]idan1 ,i h n1  
retort$ ,delp9i2 ,i "k ! diff]5ce betwe5
 u p]fectly well4 ,9 bir?1 p>5tage1 &   
education1 y are sup]ior to me2 b 9     
life1 "*1 & behavi\r1 ,i am sup]ior to  
y4  ,unlike ,%]idan1 ,burke1 8          
c\ntryman1 0 a great man ( "*4 ,he 0    
?irty-five be=e he ga9$ a seat 9        
,p>liam5t1 yet he f\nd "t to c>ve 8 "n  
deep 9 ! political hi/ory ( ,engl&4 ,he 
0 a man ( great gifts1 & ( transc5d5t   
=ce ( "*4 ,yet he _h a weakness1 :i*    
prov$ a s]i\s defect--x 0 8 want (      
temp]2 8 g5ius 0 sacrific$ to 8         
irritability4 ,& )\t ?is app>5tly m9or  
gift ( temp]1 ! mo/ spl5did end[m5ts may
 be comp>atively valueless to _!        
possessor4  ,"* is =m$ by a v>iety (    
m9ute circum/ances1 m or less "u !      
regulation & control ( ! individual4 ,n 

a day passes )\t its discipl9e1 :e!r =  
good or = evil4 ,!re is no act1 h[ev]   
trivial1 b has its tra9 ( consequ5ces1 z
 !re is no hair s small b ca/s its %ad[4
 ,x 0 a wise say+ ( ,mrs4               
,s*immelp5n9ck's "m1 nev] to give way to
 :at is little2 or by t little1 h[ev] y 
may despise x1 y w be practically       
gov]n$4  ,e action1 e ?\ght1 e feel+1   
contributes to ! education ( ! temp]1 ! 
habits1 & und]/&+2 & ex]cises an        
inevitable influ5ce ^u all ! acts ( our 
future life4 ,?us "* is und]go+ con/ant 
*ange1 = bett] or = worse--ei!r be+     
elevat$ on ! "o h&1 or degrad$ on ! o!r4
 ,!re is no fault nor folly ( my life1  
says ,mr4 ,rusk91 t does n rise up aga9/
 me1 & take away my joy1 & %ort5 my p[] 
( possession1 ( sight1 ( und]/&+4 ,& e  
pa/ ef=t ( my life1 e gleam ( rightness 
or good 9 x1 is ) me n[1 to help me 9 my
 grasp ( ?is art & its vision4 #ajg  ,! 
me*anical law1 t action & reaction are  
equal1 holds true also 9 morals4 ,good  
de$s act & react on ! do]s ( !m2 & s d  

evil4 ,n only s3 !y produce l effects1  
by ! influ5ce ( example1 on ^? :o are ! 
subjects ( !m4 ,b man is n ! creature1 s
 mu* z he is ! creator1 ( circum/ances3 
#ajh &1 by ! ex]cise ( 8 freewill1 he c 
direct 8 actions s t !y %all be         
productive ( good r ?an evil4 ,no?+ c "w
 me damage b myself1 said ,/4 ,b]n>d2 ! 
h>m t ,i su/a9 ,i c>ry ab\t ) me2 & ,i  
am nev] a real suff]] b by my own fault4
  ,! be/ sort ( "*1 h[ev]1 _c be =m$ )\t
 ef=t4 ,!re ne$s ! ex]cise ( con/ant    
self-wat*fulness1 self-discipl9e1 &     
self-control4 ,!re may be mu* falt]+1   
/umbl+1 & tempor>y defeat2 difficulties 
& temptations manifold to be battl$ ) & 
ov]come2 b if ! _s be /rong & ! he>t be 
upright1 no "o ne$ despair ( ultimate   
success4 ,! v ef=t to advance--to arrive
 at a high] /&>d ( "* ?an we h rea*$--is
 inspir+ & invigorat+2 & ev5 ?\gh we may
 fall %ort ( x1 we _c fail to be improv$
 by e1 hone/ ef=t made 9 an upw>d       
direction4  ,& ) ! light ( great        
examples to guide u--repres5tatives (   

humanity 9 its be/ =ms--e "o is n only  
ju/ifi$1 b b\nd 9 duty1 to aim at rea*+ 
! highe/ /&>d ( "*3 n to become ! ri*e/ 
9 means1 b 9 _s2 n ! greate/ 9 worldly  
position1 b 9 true hon\r2 n ! mo/       
intellectual1 b ! mo/ virtu\s2 n ! mo/  
p[]ful & influ5tial1 b ! mo/ tru?ful1   
upright1 & hone/4  ,x 0 v *>act]i/ic ( !
 late ,pr9ce ,consort--a man himself ( !
 pure/ m9d1 :o p[]fully impress$ &      
influ5c$ o!rs by ! %e] =ce ( 8 own      
b5evol5t nature--:5 draw+ up !          
conditions ( ! annual prize to be giv5  
by ,h] ,maje/y at ,well+ton ,college1 to
 det]m9e t x %\ld be aw>d$1 n to !      
clev]e/ boy1 nor to ! mo/ booki% boy1   
nor to ! mo/ precise1 dilig5t1 & prud5t 
boy1--b to ! noble/ boy1 to ! boy :o    
%\ld %[ ! mo/ promise ( becom+ a        
l>ge-he>t$1 high-motiv$ man4 #aji  ,"*  
exhibits itself 9 conduct1 guid$ &      
inspir$ by pr9ciple1 integrity1 &       
practical wisdom4 ,9 its highe/ =m1 x is
 ! individual w act+ en]getically "u !  
influ5ce ( religion1 morality1 & reason4

 ,x *ooses its way consid]ately1 &      
pursues x /eadfa/ly2 e/eem+ duty above  
reputation1 & ! approval ( consci5ce m  
?an ! _w's praise4 ,:ile respect+ !     
p]sonality ( o!rs1 x pres]ves its own   
individuality & indep5d5ce2 & has !     
c\rage to be morally hone/1 ?\gh x may  
be unpopul>1 tru/+ tranquilly to "t &   
exp]i5ce = recognition4  ,al?\gh ! =ce (
 example w always ex]cise great influ5ce
 ^u ! =mation ( "*1 ! self-orig9at+ &   
su/a9+ =ce ( "o's own _s mu/ be !       
ma9/ay4 ,?is alone c hold up ! life1 &  
give individual indep5d5ce & en]gy4     
,unless man c erect himself above       
himself1 said ,daniel1 a poet ( !       
,elizabe?an era1 h[ poor a ?+ is man6   
,)\t a c]ta9 degree ( practical effici5t
 =ce--comp\nd$ ( w1 :i* is ! root1 &    
wisdom1 :i* is ! /em ( "*--life w be    
indef9ite & purposeless--l a body (     
/agnant wat]1 in/ead ( a runn+ /ream do+
 useful "w & keep+ ! ma*9]y ( a di/rict 
9 motion4  ,:5 ! elem5ts ( "* are br\ght
 into action by det]m9ate w1 &1 influ5c$

 by high purpose1 man ent]s ^u &        
c\rage\sly p]sev]es 9 ! pa? ( duty1 at  
:atev] co/ ( worldly int]e/1 he may be  
said to approa* ! summit ( 8 be+4 ,he !n
 exhibits "* 9 its mo/ intrepid =m1 &   
embodies ! highe/ idea ( manl9ess4 ,!   
acts ( su* a man become repeat$ 9 ! life
 & action ( o!rs4 ,8 v words live &     
become actions4 ,?us e ^w ( ,lu!r's rang
 ?r\gh ,g]many l a trumpet4 ,z ,ri*t]   
said ( him1 ,8 words 7 half-battles4 ,& 
?us ,lu!r's life became transfus$ into !
 life ( 8 c\ntry1 & /ill lives 9 ! "* ( 
mod]n ,g]many4  ,on ! o!r h&1 en]gy1 )\t
 integrity & a s\l ( goodness1 may only 
repres5t ! embodi$ pr9ciple ( evil4 ,x  
is obs]v$ by ,novalis1 9 8 ',?\ghts on  
,morals1' t ! ideal ( moral p]fection   
has no m dang]\s rival to cont5d ) ?an !
 ideal ( ! highe/ /r5g? & ! mo/ en]getic
 life1 ! maximum ( ! b>b>ian--:i* ne$s  
only a due admixture ( pride1 ambition1 
& selfi%ness1 to be a p]fect ideal ( !  
devil4 ,among/ m5 ( su* /amp are f\nd ! 
greate/ sc\rges & deva/ators ( ! _w--^? 

elect sc\ndrels :om ,provid5ce1 9 its   
inscrutable designs1 p]mits to fulfil _!
 mission ( de/ruction ^u e>?4 #ajaj  ,v 
diff]5t is ! man ( en]getic "* inspir$  
by a noble _s1 ^: actions are gov]n$ by 
rectitude1 & ! law ( ^: life is duty4   
,he is j & upright1--9 8 bus9ess deal+s1
 9 8 public action1 & 9 8 family        
life--ju/ice be+ z ess5tial 9 ! gov]nm5t
 ( a home z ( a nation4 ,he w be hone/ 9
 all ?+s--9 8 words & 9 8 "w4 ,he w be  
g5]\s & m]ciful to 8 oppon5ts1 z well z 
to ^? :o are weak] ?an himself4 ,x 0    
truly said ( ,%]idan--:o1 ) all 8       
improvid5ce1 0 g5]\s1 & nev] gave       
pa9--t1       ,8 wit 9 ! combat1 z g5tle
 z bright1      ,nev] c>ri$ a he>t-/a9  
away on its blade4  ,su* also 0 ! "* (  
,fox1 :o comm&$ ! affection & s]vice (  
o!rs by 8 uni=m he>t9ess & sympa?y4 ,he 
0 a man :o c\ld always be mo/ easily    
t\*$ on ! side ( 8 hon\r4 ,?us1 ! /ory  
is told ( a tradesman call+ ^u him "o   
day = ! paym5t ( a promissory note :i*  
he pres5t$4 ,fox 0 engag$ at ! "t 9     

c\nt+ out gold4 ,! tradesman ask$ to be 
paid f ! money be=e him4 ,no1 said ,fox1
 ,i owe ?is money to ,%]idan2 x is a    
debt ( hon\r2 if any accid5t happ5$ to  
me1 he w\ld h no?+ to %[4 ,!n1 said !   
tradesman1 ,i *ange ,,my debt into "o ( 
hon\r2 & he tore up ! note4 ,fox 0      
conqu]$ by ! act3 he ?ank$ ! man = 8    
confid5ce1 & paid him1 say+1 ,!n ,%]idan
 mu/ wait2 y\rs is ! debt ( old] /&+4   
,! man ( "* is consci5ti\s4 ,he puts 8  
consci5ce into 8 "w1 into 8 words1 into 
8 e action4 ,:5 ,cromwell ask$ !        
,p>liam5t = soldi]s 9 lieu ( ! decay$   
s]v+-m5 & tap/]s :o fill$ !             
,commonweal?'s army1 he requir$ t !y    
%\ld be m5 :o made "s consci5ce ( :at !y
 did2 & su* 7 ! m5 ( :i* 8 celebrat$    
regim5t ( ,ironsides 0 compos$4  ,! man 
( "* is also rev]5tial4 ,! possession ( 
?is quality m>ks ! noble/1 & highe/ type
 ( manhood & womanhood3 rev]5ce = ?+s   
consecrat$ by ! homage ( g5]ations--=   
high objects1 pure ?\ghts1 & noble      
aims--= ! great m5 ( =m] times1 & !     

highm9d$ work]s among/ our              
contempor>ies4 ,rev]5ce is alike        
indisp5sable to ! happ9ess (            
individuals1 ( families1 & ( nations4   
,)\t x !re c be no tru/1 no fai?1 no    
confid5ce1 ei!r 9 man or ,god--nei!r    
social peace nor social progress4 ,=    
rev]5ce is b ano!r ^w = religion1 :i*   
b9ds m5 to ea* o!r1 & all to ,god4  ,!  
man ( noble _s1 says ,sir ,?omas        
,ov]bury1 conv]ts all occurr5ces into   
exp]i5ce1 betwe5 :i* exp]i5ce & 8 reason
 !re is m>riage1 & ! issue are 8        
actions4 ,he moves by affection1 n =    
affection2 he loves glory1 scorns %ame1 
& gov]ne? & obeye? ) "o c\nt5ance1 = x  
comes f "o consid]ation4 ,kn[+ reason to
 be no idle gift ( nature1 he is !      
/e]sman ( 8 own de/9y4 ,tru? is 8       
goddess1 & he takes pa9s to get h]1 n to
 look l h]4 ,unto ! society ( m5 he is a
 sun1 ^: cle>ness directs _! /eps 9 a   
regul> motion4 ,he is ! wise man's      
fri5d1 ! example ( ! indiff]5t1 ! m$ic9e
 ( ! vici\s4 ,?us "t goe? n f him1 b )  

him1 & he feels age m by ! /r5g? ( 8 s\l
 ?an by ! weakness ( 8 body4 ,?us feels 
he no pa91 b e/eems all su* ?+s z       
fri5ds1 t desire to file (f 8 fett]s1 & 
help him out ( prison4 #ajaa  ,en]gy (  
w--self-orig9at+ =ce--is ! s\l ( e great
 "*4 ,:]e x is1 !re is life2 :]e x is n1
 !re is fa9tness1 helplessness1 &       
despond5cy4 ,! /rong man & ! wat]fall1  
says ! prov]b1 *annel _! own pa?4 ,!    
en]getic lead] ( noble _s n only w9s a  
way = himself1 b c>ries o!rs ) him4 ,8 e
 act has a p]sonal significance1        
indicat+ vig\r1 indep5d5ce1 &           
self-reliance1 & unconsci\sly comm&s    
respect1 admiration1 & homage4 ,su*     
intrepidity ( "* *>act]is$ ,lu!r1       
,cromwell1 ,wa%+ton1 ,pitt1 ,well+ton1 &
 all great lead]s ( m54  ,i am conv9c$1 
said ,mr4 ,glad/one1 9 describ+ !       
qualities ( ! late ,"l ,palm]/on 9 !    
,h\se ( ,commons1 %ortly aft] 8 dea?--,i
 am conv9c$ t x 0 ! =ce ( w1 a s5se (   
duty1 & a det]m9ation n to give 91 t    
enabl$ him to make himself a model = all

 ( u :o yet rema9 & foll[ him1 ) feeble 
& unequal /eps1 9 ! dis*>ge ( our       
duties2 x 0 t =ce ( w t 9 po9t ( fact   
did n s mu* /ruggle aga9/ ! infirmities 
( old age1 b actually repell$ !m & kept 
!m at a di/ance4 ,& "o o!r quality !re  
is1 at lea/1 t may be notic$ )\t !      
smalle/ risk ( /irr+ 9 any brea/ a      
pa9ful emotion4 ,x is ?is1 t ,"l        
,palm]/on _h a nature incapable ( endur+
 ang] or any s5tim5t ( wra?4 ,?is fre$om
 f wra?ful s5tim5t 0 n ! result ( pa9ful
 ef=t1 b ! spontane\s fruit ( ! m9d4 ,x 
0 a noble gift ( 8 orig9al nature--a    
gift :i* beyond all o!rs x 0 delightful 
to obs]ve1 delightful also to rememb] 9 
connection ) him :o has left u1 & ) :om 
we h no long] to d1 except 9 endeav\r+  
to pr(it by 8 example :]ev] x c lead u 9
 ! pa? ( duty & ( "r1 & ( be/[+ on him  
^? tributes ( admiration & affection :i*
 he des]ves at our h&s4  ,! great lead] 
attracts to himself m5 ( k9dr$ "*1 draw+
 !m t[>ds him z ! load/one draws iron4  
,?us1 ,sir ,john ,moore e>ly di/+ui%$ ! 

?ree bro!rs ,napi] f ! cr[d ( (fic]s by 
:om he 0 surr\nd$1 & !y1 on _! "p1      
repaid him by _! passionate admiration4 
,!y 7 captivat$ by 8 c\rtesy1 8 brav]y1 
& 8 l(ty dis9t]e/$ness2 & he became !   
model :om !y resolv$ to imitate1 &1 if  
possible1 to emulate4 ,moore's influ5ce1
 says ! biograph] ( ,sir ,william       
,napi]1 _h a signal effect 9 =m+ &      
matur+ _! *>act]s2 & x is no small glory
 to h be5 ! h]o ( ^? ?ree m51 :ile 8    
e>ly discov]y ( _! m5tal & moral        
qualities is a pro( ( ,moore's own      
p5etration & judgm5t ( "*4  ,!re is a   
contagi\sness 9 e example ( en]getic    
conduct4 ,! brave man is an inspiration 
to ! weak1 & compels !m1 z x 71 to foll[
 him4 ,?us ,napi] relates t at ! combat 
( ,v]a1 :5 ! ,spani% c5tre 0 brok5 & 9  
flight1 a "y (fic]1 nam$ ,havelock1     
sprang =w>d1 &1 wav+ 8 hat1 call$ ^u !  
,spani>ds )9 sight to foll[ him4 ,putt+ 
spurs to 8 horse1 he leapt ! abbatis :i*
 protect$ ! ,fr5* front1 & w5t headlong 
aga9/ !m4 ,! ,spani>ds 7 electrifi$2 9 a

 mom5t !y da%$ aft] him1 *e]+ = ,,el    
,,*ico ,,blanco6 #aj! fair boy1 & ) "o  
%ock !y broke ?r\gh ! ,fr5* & s5t !m    
fly+ d[nhill4 #ajab  ,& s x is 9 ord9>y 
life4 ,! good & ! great draw o!rs aft]  
!m2 !y light5 & lift up all :o are )9   
rea* ( _! influ5ce4 ,!y are z s _m liv+ 
c5tres ( b5efic5t activity4 ,let a man (
 en]getic & upright "* be appo9t$ to a  
position ( tru/ & au?ority1 & all :o    
s]ve "u him become1 z x 71 consci\s ( an
 increase ( p[]4 ,:5 ,*a?am 0 appo9t$   
m9i/]1 8 p]sonal influ5ce 0 at once felt
 ?r\gh all ! ramifications ( (fice4 ,e  
sailor :o s]v$ "u ,nelson1 & knew he 0 9
 comm&1 %>$ ! inspiration ( ! h]o4  ,:5 
,wa%+ton cons5t$ to act z comm&]-9-*ief1
 x 0 felt z if ! /r5g? ( ! ,am]ican =ces
 _h be5 m ?an d\bl$4 ,_m ye>s late2 9   
#agih1 :5 ,wa%+ton1 gr[n old1 _h )drawn 
f public life & 0 liv+ 9 retirem5t at   
,m\nt ,v]non1 & :5 x seem$ probable t   
,france w\ld decl>e w> aga9/ ! ,unit$   
,/ates1 ,presid5t ,adams wrote to him1  
say+1 ,we mu/ h y\r "n1 if y w p]mit u  

to use x2 !re w be m efficacy 9 x ?an 9 
_m an army4 ,su* 0 ! e/eem 9 :i* ! great
 ,presid5t's noble "* & em95t abilities 
7 held by 8 c\ntrym56 #ajac  ,an incid5t
 is relat$ by ! hi/orian ( ! ,p59sul>   
,w>1 illu/rative ( ! p]sonal influ5ce   
ex]cis$ by a great comm&] ov] 8 foll[]s4
 ,! ,briti% army lay at ,sauror51 be=e  
:i* ,s\lt 0 advanc+1 prep>$ to attack1 9
 =ce4 ,well+ton 0 abs5t1 & 8 arrival 0  
anxi\sly look$ =4 ,sudd5ly a s+le       
horseman 0 se5 rid+ up ! m\nta9 alone4  
,x 0 ! ,duke1 ab\t to jo9 8 troops4 ,"o 
( ,campbell's ,portuguese battalions    
fir/ descri$ him1 & rais$ a joyful cry2 
!n ! %rill clam\r1 caught up by ! next  
regim5t1 soon swell$ z x ran along ! l9e
 into t appall+ %\t :i* ! ,briti% soldi]
 is wont to give ^u ! edge ( battle1 &  
:i* no enemy ev] he>d unmov$4 ,sudd5ly  
he /opp$ at a conspicu\s po9t1 = he     
desir$ bo? armies %\ld "k he 0 !re1 & a 
d\ble spy :o 0 pres5t po9t$ out ,s\lt1  
:o 0 s ne> t 8 features c\ld be         
di/+ui%$4 ,att5tively ,well+ton fix$ 8  

eyes on t =midable man1 &1 z if speak+  
to himself1 he said3 ,yond] is a great  
comm&]2 b he is cauti\s1 & w delay 8    
attack to asc]ta9 ! cause ( ^? *e]s2 t w
 give "t = ! ,six? ,division to arrive1 
& ,i %all beat him--:i* he did4 #ajad   
,9 "s cases1 p]sonal "* acts by a k9d ( 
talismanic influ5ce1 z if c]ta9 m5 7 !  
organs ( a sort ( sup]natural =ce4 ,if  
,i b /amp on ! gr\nd 9 ,italy1 said     
,pompey1 an army w appe>4 ,at ! voice ( 
,pet] ! ,h]mit1 z describ$ by !         
hi/orian1 ,europe arose1 & precipitat$  
itself ^u ,asia4 ,x 0 said ( ! ,caliph  
,om> t 8 walk+-/ick /ruck m t]ror into  
^? :o saw x ?an ano!r man's sword4 ,! v 
names ( "s m5 are l ! s\nd ( a trumpet4 
,:5 ! ,d\glas lay mortally w\nd$ on !   
field ( ,ott]burn1 he ord]$ 8 "n to be  
%\t$ /ill l\d] ?an be=e1 say+ !re 0 a   
tradition 9 8 family t a dead ,d\glas   
%\ld w9 a battle4 ,8 foll[]s1 inspir$ by
 ! s\nd1 ga!r$ fre% c\rage1 ralli$1 &   
conqu]$2 & ?us1 9 ! words ( ! ,scotti%  
poet3--  ,! ,d\glas dead1 8 "n ha? won !

 field4 #ajae  ,!re h be5 "s m5 ^:      
greate/ conque/s h be5 a*iev$ aft] !y   
!mselves 7 dead4 ,nev]1 says ,mi*elet1 0
 ,caes> m alive1 m p[]ful1 m t]rible1   
?an :5 8 old & worn-out body1 8 )]$     
corpse1 lay pi]c$ ) bl[s2 he appe>$ !n  
purifi$1 r$eem$1--t :i* he _h be51      
despite 8 _m /a9s--! man ( humanity4    
#ajaf ,nev] did ! great "* ( ,william ( 
,orange1 surnam$ ! ,sil5t1 ex]cise      
great] p[] ov] 8 c\ntrym5 ?an aft] 8    
assass9ation at ,delft by ! emiss>y ( ! 
,jesuits4 ,on ! v day ( 8 murd] !       
,e/ates ( ,holl& resolv$ to ma9ta9 !    
good cause1 ) ,god's help1 to ! utt]mo/1
 )\t sp>+ gold or blood2 & !y kept _!   
^w4  ,! same illu/ration applies to all 
hi/ory & morals4 ,! c>e] ( a great man  
rema9s an endur+ monum5t ( human en]gy4 
,! man dies & disappe>s2 b 8 ?\ghts &   
acts survive1 & leave an indelible /amp 
^u 8 race4 ,& ?us ! _s ( 8 life is      
prolong$ & p]petuat$1 m\ld+ ! ?\ght & w1
 & !reby contribut+ to =m ! "* ( !      
future4 ,x is ! m5 t advance 9 ! highe/ 

& be/ directions1 :o are ! true beacons 
( human progress4 ,!y are z lights set  
^u a hill1 illum9+ ! moral atmosph]e    
ar\nd !m2 & ! light ( _! _s cont9ues to 
%9e ^u all succe$+ g5]ations4  ,x is    
natural to admire & rev]e really great  
m54 ,!y hall[ ! nation to :i* !y belong1
 & lift up n only all :o live 9 _! "t1 b
 ^? :o live aft] !m4 ,_! great example  
becomes ! common h]itage ( _! race2 & _!
 great de$s & great ?\ghts are ! mo/    
glori\s ( legacies to mank9d4 ,!y       
connect ! pres5t ) ! pa/1 & help on !   
increas+ purpose ( ! future2 hold+ al(t 
! /&>d ( pr9ciple1 ma9ta9+ ! dignity (  
human "*1 & fill+ ! m9d ) traditions &  
in/9cts ( all t is mo/ wor?y & noble 9  
life4  ,"*1 embodi$ 9 ?\ght & de$1 is ( 
! nature ( immortality4 ,! solit>y ?\ght
 ( a great ?9k] w dwell 9 ! m9ds ( m5 = 
c5turies until at l5g? x works itself   
into _! daily life & practice4 ,x lives 
on ?r\gh ! ages1 speak+ z a voice f !   
dead1 & influ5c+ m9ds liv+ ?\s&s ( ye>s 
ap>t4 ,?us1 ,moses & ,david & ,solomon1 

,plato & ,socrates & ,x5ophon1 ,s5eca & 
,cic]o & ,epictetus1 /ill speak to u z f
 _! tombs4 ,!y /ill arre/ ! att5tion1 & 
ex]cise an influ5ce ^u "*1 ?\gh _!      
?\ghts be convey$ 9 languages unspok5 by
 !m & 9 _! "t unkn[n4 ,!odore ,p>k] has 
said t a s+le man l ,socrates 0 wor? m  
to a c\ntry ?an _m su* /ates z ,s\?     
,c>ol9a2 t if t /ate w5t out ( ! _w     
to-day1 %e w\ld n h done s mu* = ! _w z 
,socrates4 #ajag  ,great work]s & great 
?9k]s are ! true mak]s ( hi/ory1 :i* is 
b cont9u\s humanity influ5c$ by m5 (    
"*--by great lead]s1 k+s1 prie/s1       
philosoph]s1 /atesm51 & patriots--! true
 ari/ocracy ( man4 ,inde$1 ,mr4 ,c>lyle 
has broadly /at$ t ,univ]sal ,hi/ory is1
 at bottom1 b ! hi/ory ( ,great ,m54 ,!y
 c]ta9ly m>k & designate ! epo*s (      
national life4 ,_! influ5ce is active1 z
 well z reactive4 ,?\gh _! m9d is1 9 a  
measure2 ! product ( _! age1 ! public   
m9d is also1 to a great ext5t1 _!       
creation4 ,_! individual action         
id5tifies ! cause--! in/itution4 ,!y ?9k

 great ?\ghts1 ca/ !m abroad1 & ! ?\ghts
 make ev5ts4 ,?us ! e>ly ,re=m]s        
initiat$ ! ,re=mation1 & ) x ! lib]ation
 ( mod]n ?\ght4 ,em]son has said t e    
in/itution is to be reg>d$ z b ! l5g!n$ 
%ad[ ( "s great man3 z ,islamism (      
,mahomet1 ,puritanism ( ,calv91         
,jesuitism ( ,loyola1 ,quak]ism ( ,fox1 
,me?odism ( ,wesley1 ,abolitionism (    
,cl>kson4  ,great m5 /amp _! m9d ^u _!  
age & nation--z ,lu!r did ^u mod]n      
,g]many1 & ,knox ^u ,scotl&4 #ajah ,& if
 !re be "o man m ?an ano!r t /amp$ 8 m9d
 on mod]n ,italy1 x 0 ,dante4 ,dur+ !   
long c5turies ( ,italian degradation 8  
burn+ words 7 z a wat*fire & a beacon to
 all true m54 ,he 0 ! h]ald ( 8 nation's
 lib]ty--brav+ p]secution1 exile1 &     
dea?1 = ! love ( x4 ,he 0 always ! mo/  
national ( ! ,italian poets1 ! mo/ lov$1
 ! mo/ read4 ,f ! "t ( 8 dea? all       
educat$ ,italians _h 8 be/ passages by  
he>t2 & ! s5tim5ts !y en%r9$ inspir$ _! 
lives1 & ev5tually influ5c$ ! hi/ory (  
_! nation4 ,! ,italians1 wrote ,byron 9 

#ahba1 talk ,dante1 write ,dante1 & ?9k 
& dream ,dante1 at ?is mom5t1 to an     
excess :i* w\ld be ridicul\s1 b t he    
des]ves _! admiration4 #ajai  ,a        
succession ( v>i\sly gift$ m5 9 diff]5t 
ages--ext5d+ f ,alfr$ to ,alb]t--has 9 l
 mann] contribut$1 by _! life & example1
 to %ape ! multi=m "* ( ,engl&4 ,( ^!1  
probably ! mo/ influ5tial 7 ! m5 ( !    
,elizabe?an & ,cromwellian1 & !         
int]m$iate p]iods--among/ :i* we f9d !  
great names ( ,%akspe>e1 ,raleigh1      
,burleigh1 ,sidney1 ,bacon1 ,milton1    
,h]b]t1 ,hampd51 ,pym1 ,eliot1 ,vane1   
,cromwell1 & _m m--"s ( !m m5 ( great   
=ce1 & o!rs ( great dignity & purity (  
"*4 ,! lives ( su* m5 h become "p ( !   
public life ( ,engl&1 & _! de$s & ?\ghts
 are reg>d$ z among ! mo/ *]i%$         
bequea?m5ts f ! pa/4  ,s ,wa%+ton left  
beh9d him1 z "o ( ! greate/ treasures ( 
8 c\ntry1 ! example ( a /a9less life--( 
a great1 hone/1 pure1 & noble "*--a     
model = 8 nation to =m !mselves by 9 all
 "t to come4 ,& 9 ! case ( ,wa%+ton1 z 9

 s _m o!r great lead]s ( m51 8 greatness
 did n s mu* consi/ 9 8 intellect1 8    
skill1 & 8 g5ius1 z 9 8 hon\r1 8        
integrity1 8 tru?fulness1 8 high &      
controll+ s5se ( duty--9 a ^w1 9 8 g5u9e
 nobility ( "*4  ,m5 su* z ^! are ! true
 lifeblood ( ! c\ntry to :i* !y belong4 
,!y elevate & uphold x1 =tify & ennoble 
x1 & %$ a glory ov] x by ! example (    
life & "* :i* !y h bequea!d4 ,! names & 
memories ( great m51 says an able writ]1
 are ! d[ry ( a nation4 ,wid[hood1      
ov]?r[1 des]tion1 ev5 slav]y1 _c take   
away f h] ?is sacr$ inh]itance4444      
,:5ev] national life beg9s to quick54444
 ! dead h]oes rise 9 ! memories ( m51 & 
appe> to ! liv+ to /& by 9 solemn       
spectator%ip & approval4 ,no c\ntry c be
 lo/ :i* feels h]self ov]look$ by su*   
glori\s witnesses4 ,!y are ! salt ( !   
e>?1 9 dea? z well z 9 life4 ,:at !y did
 once1 _! desc5dants h /ill & always a  
"r to d aft] !m2 & _! example lives 9 _!
 c\ntry1 a cont9ual /imulant &          
enc\ragem5t = him :o has ! s\l to adopt 

x4 #ajbj  ,b x is n great m5 only t h to
 be tak5 into acc\nt 9 e/imat+ !        
qualities ( a nation1 b ! "* t p]vades !
 great body ( ! p4 ,:5 ,wa%+ton ,irv+   
visit$ ,abbots=d1 ,sir ,walt] ,scott    
introduc$ him to _m ( 8 fri5ds &        
fav\rites1 n only among/ ! neighb\r+    
f>m]s1 b ! lab\r+ peasantry4 ,i wi% to  
%[ y1 said ,scott1 "s ( our really      
excell5t pla9 ,scot* p4 ,! "* ( a nation
 is n to be le>nt f its f9e folks1 its  
f9e g5tlem5 & ladies2 su* y meet        
ev]y:]e1 & !y are ev]y:]e ! same4 ,:ile 
/atesm51 philosoph]s1 & div9es repres5t 
! ?9k+ p[] ( society1 ! m5 :o f\nd      
indu/ries & c>ve out new c>e]s1 z well z
 ! common body ( work+-p1 f :om !       
national /r5g? & _s are f "t to "t      
recruit$1 mu/ necess>ily furni% ! vital 
=ce & con/itute ! real backbone ( e     
nation4  ,nations h _! "* to ma9ta9 z   
well z individuals2 & "u con/itutional  
gov]nm5ts--:]e all classes m or less    
p>ticipate 9 ! ex]cise ( political      
p[]--! national "* w necess>ily dep5d m 

^u ! moral qualities ( ! _m ?an ( ! few4
 ,& ! same qualities :i* det]m9e ! "* ( 
individuals1 also det]m9e ! "* (        
nations4 ,unless !y are highm9d$1       
tru?ful1 hone/1 virtu\s1 & c\rage\s1 !y 
w be held 9 light e/eem by o!r nations1 
& be )\t weight 9 ! _w4 ,to h "*1 !y mu/
 ne$s also be rev]5tial1 discipl9$1     
self-controll+1 & devot$ to duty4 ,!    
nation t has no high] god ?an pleasure1 
or ev5 doll>s or calico1 mu/ ne$s be 9 a
 poor way4 ,x 7 bett] to rev]t to       
,hom]'s gods ?an be devot$ to ^!2 = !   
hea!n deities at lea/ imag$ human       
virtues1 & 7 some?+ to look up to4  ,z =
 in/itutions1 h[ev] good 9 !mselves1 !y 
w avail b little 9 ma9ta9+ ! /&>d (     
national "*4 ,x is ! individual m51 & ! 
_s :i* actuates !m1 t det]m9e ! moral   
/&+ & /ability ( nations4 ,gov]nm5t1 9 !
 long run1 is usually no bett] ?an ! p  
gov]n$4 ,:]e ! mass is s\nd 9 consci5ce1
 morals1 & habit1 ! nation w be rul$    
hone/ly & nobly4 ,b :]e !y are corrupt1 
self-seek+1 & di%one/ 9 he>t1 b\nd nei!r

 by tru? nor by law1 ! rule ( rogues &  
wirepull]s becomes inevitable4  ,! only 
true b>ri] aga9/ ! despotism ( public   
op9ion1 :e!r x be ( ! _m or ( ! few1 is 
enlight5$ individual fre$om & purity (  
p]sonal "*4 ,)\t ^! !re c be no vigor\s 
manhood1 no true lib]ty 9 a nation4     
,political rights1 h[ev] broadly fram$1 
w n elevate a p individually deprav$4   
,inde$1 ! m complete a sy/em ( popul>   
suffrage1 & ! m p]fect its protection1 !
 m completely w ! real "* ( a p be      
reflect$1 z by a mirror1 9 _! laws &    
gov]nm5t4 ,political morality c nev] h  
any solid exi/5ce on a basis (          
individual immorality4 ,ev5 fre$om1     
ex]cis$ by a debas$ p1 w\ld come to be  
reg>d$ z a nuisance1 & lib]ty ( ! press 
b a v5t = lic5ti\sness & moral          
abom9ation4  ,nations1 l individuals1   
d]ive support & /r5g? f ! feel+ t !y    
belong to an illu/ri\s race1 t !y are ! 
heirs ( _! greatness1 & ought to be !   
p]petuators ( _! glory4 ,x is ( mom5t\s 
importance t a nation %\ld h a great pa/

 #ajba to look back ^u4 ,x /eadies !    
life ( ! pres5t1 elevates & upholds x1 &
 light5s & lifts x up1 by ! memory ( !  
great de$s1 ! noble suff]+s1 & ! valor\s
 a*ievem5ts ( ! m5 ( old4 ,! life (     
nations1 z ( m51 is a great treasury (  
exp]i5ce1 :i*1 wisely us$1 issues 9     
social progress & improvem5t2 or1       
misus$1 issues 9 dreams1 delusions1 &   
failure4 ,l m51 nations are purifi$ &   
/r5g!n$ by trials4 ,"s ( ! mo/ glori\s  
*apt]s 9 _! hi/ory are ^? conta9+ !     
record ( ! suff]+s by means ( :i* _! "* 
has be5 develop$4 ,love ( lib]ty &      
patriotic feel+ may h done mu*1 b trial 
& suff]+ nobly borne m ?an all4  ,a     
great deal ( :at passes by ! "n (       
patriotism 9 ^! days consi/s ( ! m]e/   
bigotry & n>r[-m9d$ness2 exhibit+ itself
 9 national prejudice1 national conceit1
 amid national hatr$4 ,x does n %[      
itself 9 de$s1 b 9 boa/+s--9 h[l+s1     
ge/iculations1 & %riek+ helplessly =    
help--9 fly+ flags & s++ songs--& 9     
p]petual gr9d+ at ! hurdy-gurdy (       

long-dead grievances & long-rem$i$      
wrongs4 ,to be infe/$ by ,,su* a        
patriotism z ?is is1 p]haps1 among/ !   
greate/ curses t c befall any c\ntry4   
,b z !re is an ignoble1 s is !re a noble
 patriotism--! patriotism t invigorates 
& elevates a c\ntry by noble "w--t does 
its duty tru?fully & manfully--t lives  
an hone/1 sob]1 & upright life1 & /rives
 to make ! be/ use ( ! opportunities =  
improvem5t t pres5t !mselves on e side2 
& at ! same "t a patriotism t *]i%es !  
memory & example ( ! great m5 ( old1 :o1
 by _! suff]+s 9 ! cause ( religion or (
 fre$om1 h won = !mselves a dea?less    
glory1 & = _! nation ^? privileges (    
free life & free in/itutions ( :i* !y   
are ! inh]itors & possessors4  ,nations 
are n to be judg$ by _! size any m ?an  
individuals3      x is n gr[+ l a tree  
,9 bulk1 do? make ,man bett] be4  ,= a  
nation to be great1 x ne$ n necess>ily  
be big1 ?\gh bigness is (t5 conf\nd$ )  
greatness4 ,a nation may be v big 9 po9t
 ( t]ritory & population & yet be devoid

 ( true greatness4 ,! p ( ,israel 7 a   
small p1 yet :at a great life !y        
develop$1 & h[ p[]ful ! influ5ce !y h   
ex]cis$ on ! de/9ies ( mank9d6 ,greece 0
 n big3 ! entire population ( ,attica 0 
less ?an t ( ,s\? ,lanca%ire4 ,a!ns 0   
less popul\s ?an ,new ,york2 & yet h[   
great x 0 9 art1 9 lit]ature1 9         
philosophy1 & 9 patriotism6 #ajbb  ,b x 
0 ! fatal weakness ( ,a!ns t its citiz5s
 _h no true family or home life1 :ile   
its freem5 7 greatly outnumb]$ by its   
slaves4 ,its public m5 7 loose1 if n    
corrupt1 9 morals4 ,its wom51 ev5 ! mo/ 
accompli%$1 7 un*a/e4 ,h5ce its fall    
became inevitable1 & 0 ev5 m sudd5 ?an  
its rise4  ,9 l mann] ! decl9e & fall ( 
,rome 0 attributable to ! g5]al         
corruption ( its p1 & to _! engross+    
love ( pleasure & idl5ess--"w1 9 ! lat] 
days ( ,rome1 be+ reg>d$ only z fit =   
slaves4 ,its citiz5s ceas$ to pride     
!mselves on ! virtues ( "* ( _! great   
=efa!rs2 & ! empire fell because x did n
 des]ve to live4 ,& s ! nations t are   

idle & luxuri\s--t w r lose a p\nd (    
blood1 z old ,burton says1 9 a s+le     
combat1 ?an a drop ( sweat 9 any hone/  
lab\r--mu/ inevitably die out1 &        
labori\s en]getic nations take _! place4
  ,:5 ,l\is ,,xiv4 ask$ ,colb]t h[ x 0  
t1 rul+ s great & popul\s a c\ntry z    
,france1 he _h be5 unable to conqu] s   
small a c\ntry z ,holl&1 ! m9i/] repli$3
 ,because1 ,sire1 ! greatness ( a c\ntry
 does n dep5d ^u ! ext5t ( its t]ritory1
 b on ! "* ( its p4 ,x is because ( !   
indu/ry1 ! frugality1 & ! en]gy ( !     
,dut* t y\r ,maje/y has f\nd !m s       
difficult to ov]come4  ,x is also relat$
 ( ,sp9ola & ,ri*>det1 ! ambassadors s5t
 by ! ,k+ ( ,spa9 to negotiate a treaty 
at ! ,hague 9 #afjh1 t "o day !y saw "s 
eight or t5 p]sons l& f a little boat1  
&1 sitt+ d[n ^u ! grass1 proce$ to make 
a meal ( bread-&-*eese & be]4 ,:o are ^?
 travell]s8 ask$ ! ambassadors ( a      
peasant4 ,^! are wor%ipful ma/]s1 !     
deputies f ! ,/ates1 0 8 reply4 ,sp9ola 
at once :isp]$ to 8 companion1 ,we mu/  

make peace3 ^! are n m5 to be conqu]$4  
,9 f9e1 /ability ( in/itutions mu/ dep5d
 ^u /ability ( "*4 ,any numb] ( deprav$ 
units _c =m a great nation4 ,! p may    
seem to be highly civilis$1 & yet be    
ready to fall to pieces at fir/ t\* (   
adv]sity4 ,)\t integrity ( individual   
"*1 !y c h no real /r5g?1 cohesion1     
s\ndness4 ,!y may be ri*1 polite1 &     
arti/ic2 & yet hov]+ on ! br9k ( ru94   
,if liv+ = !mselves only1 & ) no end b  
pleasure--ea* little self 8 own little  
god--su* a nation is doom$1 & its decay 
is inevitable4  ,:]e national "* ceases 
to be upheld1 a nation may be reg>d$ z  
next to lo/4 ,:]e x ceases to e/eem & to
 practise ! virtues ( tru?fulness1      
hone/y1 integrity1 & ju/ice1 x does n   
des]ve to live4 ,& :5 ! "t arrives 9 any
 c\ntry :5 weal? has s corrupt$1 or     
pleasure s deprav$1 or faction s        
infatuat$ ! p1 t hon\r1 ord]1 ob$i5ce1  
virtue1 & loyalty h seem+ly become ?+s (
 ! pa/2 !n1 amid/ ! d>kness1 :5 hone/   
m5--if1 haply1 !re be su* left--are     

grop+ ab\t & feel+ = ea* o!r's h&s1 _!  
only rema9+ hope w be 9 ! re/oration &  
elevation ( ,individual ,"*2 = by t     
alone c a nation be sav$2 & if "* be    
irrecov]ably lo/1 !n inde$ !re w be no?+
 left wor? sav+4     ,,*apt]            
,,ii4--,,home ,,p[]4            ,s build
 we up ! be+ t we are1          ,?us    
deeply dr9k+ 9 ! s\l ( ?+s1          ,we
 %all be wise p]=ce4  ,,wordswor?4      
,! mill/reams t turn ! clapp]s ( ! _w   
arise 9 solit>y places4--,,helps4       
,9 ! c\rse ( a conv]sation ) ,madame    
,campan1      ,napoleon ,buonap>te      
rem>k$3 ',! old sy/ems (      in/ruction
 seem to be wor? no?+2 :at is yet want+ 
9      ord] t ! p %\ld be prop]ly       
educat$8'      ',,mo!rs1' repli$ ,madame
 ,campan4 ,! reply /ruck !      ,emp]or4
 ',yes6' said he '"h is a sy/em (       
education 9      "o ^w4 ,be x y\r c>e1  
!n1 to tra9 up mo!rs :o      %all "k h[ 
to educate _! *ildr54'--,,aime ,,m>t94  
,"l6 ) :at c>e ha/ ,?\ begirt u r\nd6   
,p>5ts fir/ season u4  ,!n s*oolma/]s   

,deliv] u to laws4  ,!y s5d u b\nd      
,to rules ( reason4--,,george ,,h]b]t4  
,,home is ! fir/ & mo/ important s*ool (
 "*4 ,x is !re t e human be+ receives 8 
be/ moral tra9+1 or 8 wor/2 = x is !re t
 he imbibes ^? pr9ciples ( conduct :i*  
endure ?r\gh manhood1 & cease only )    
life4  ,x is a common say+ t ,mann]s    
make ! man2 & !re is a second1 t ,m9d   
makes ! man2 b tru] ?an ei!r is a ?ird1 
t ,home makes ! man4 ,= ! home-tra9+    
includes n only mann]s & m9d1 b "*4 ,x  
is ma9ly 9 ! home t ! he>t is op5$1 !   
habits are =m$1 ! intellect is awak5$1 &
 "* m\ld$ = good or = evil4  ,f t s\rce1
 be x pure or impure1 issue ! pr9ciples 
& maxims t gov]n society4 ,law itself is
 b ! reflex ( homes4 ,! t9ie/ bits (    
op9ion s[n 9 ! m9ds ( *ildr5 9 private  
life aft]w>ds issue =? to ! _w1 & become
 its public op9ion2 = nations are ga!r$ 
out ( nurs]ies1 & !y :o hold !          
lead+-/r+s ( *ildr5 may ev5 ex]cise a   
great] p[] ?an ^? :o wield ! re9s (     
gov]nm5t4 #aaa  ,x is 9 ! ord] ( nature 

t dome/ic life %\ld be prep>atory to    
social1 & t ! m9d & "* %\ld fir/ be =m$ 
9 ! home4 ,!re ! individuals :o aft]w>ds
 =m society are dealt ) 9 detail1 &     
fa%ion$ "o by "o4 ,f ! family !y ent]   
life1 & advance f boyhood to citiz5%ip4 
,?us ! home may be reg>d$ z ! mo/       
influ5tial s*ool ( civilisation4 ,=1    
aft] all1 civilisation ma9ly resolves   
itself into a "q ( individual tra9+2 &  
accord+ z ! respective memb]s ( society 
are well or ill-tra9$ 9 y\?1 s w !      
community :i* !y con/itute be m or less 
humanis$ & civilis$4  ,! tra9+ ( any    
man1 ev5 ! wise/1 _c fail to be p[]fully
 influ5c$ by ! moral surr\nd+s ( 8 e>ly 
ye>s4 ,he comes into ! _w helpless1 &   
absolutely dep5d5t ^u ^? ab\t him =     
nurture & culture4 ,f ! v fir/ brea? t  
he draws1 8 education beg9s4 ,:5 a "m   
once ask$ a cl]gyman :5 %e %\ld beg9 !  
education ( h] *ild1 !n f\r ye>s old1 he
 repli$3 ,madam1 if y h n begun already1
 y h lo/ ^? f\r ye>s4 ,f ! fir/ smile t 
gleams ^u an infant's *eek1 y\r         

opportunity beg9s4  ,b ev5 9 ?is case ! 
education _h already begun2 = ! *ild    
le>ns by simple imitation1 )\t ef=t1    
almo/ ?r\gh ! pores ( ! sk94 ,a figtree 
look+ on a figtree become? fruitful1    
says ! ,arabian prov]b4 ,& s x is )     
*ildr52 _! fir/ great in/ructor is      
example4  ,h[ev] app>5tly trivial !     
influ5ces :i* contribute to =m ! "* ( ! 
*ild1 !y endure ?r\gh life4 ,! *ild's "*
 is ! nucleus ( ! man's2 all            
aft]-education is b sup]position2 ! =m (
 ! cry/al rema9s ! same4 ,?us ! say+ ( !
 poet holds true 9 a l>ge degree1 ,!    
*ild is fa!r ( ! man2 or1 z ,milton puts
 x1 ,! *ildhood %[s ! man1 z morn+ %[s !
 day4 ,^? impulses to conduct :i* la/ ! 
longe/ & are root$ ! deepe/1 always h _!
 orig9 ne> our bir?4 ,x is !n t ! g]ms (
 virtues or vices1 ( feel+s or s5tim5ts1
 are fir/ implant$ :i* det]m9e ! "* =   
life4  ,! *ild is1 z x 71 laid at ! gate
 ( a new _w1 & op5s 8 eyes ^u ?+s all ( 
:i* are full ( novelty & wond]m5t4 ,at  
fir/ x is en\gh = him to gaze2 b by-&-by

 he beg9s to see1 to obs]ve1 to comp>e1 
to le>n1 to /ore up impressions & ideas2
 & "u wise guidance ! progress :i* he   
makes is really wond]ful4 ,"l ,br\gham  
has obs]v$ t betwe5 ! ages ( eighte5 &  
?irty mon?s1 a *ild le>ns m ( ! mat]ial 
_w1 ( 8 own p[]s1 ( ! nature ( o!r      
bodies1 & ev5 ( 8 own m9d & o!r m9ds1   
?an he acquires 9 all ! re/ ( 8 life4 ,!
 k :i* a *ild accumulates1 & ! ideas    
g5]at$ 9 8 m9d1 dur+ ?is p]iod1 are s   
important1 t if we c\ld imag9e !m to be 
aft]w>ds oblit]at$1 all ! le>n+ ( a     
s5ior wrangl] at ,cambridge1 or a       
fir/-classman at ,ox=d1 w\ld be z no?+  
to x1 & w\ld lit]ally n enable its      
object to prolong 8 exi/5ce = a week4   
,x is 9 *ildhood t ! m9d is mo/ op5 to  
impressions1 & ready to be k9dl$ by !   
fir/ sp>k t falls into x4 ,ideas are !n 
caught quickly & live la/+ly4 ,?us      
,scott is said to h receiv$1 8 fir/ b5t 
t[>ds ballad lit]ature f 8 "m's &       
gr&mo!r's recitations 9 8 he>+ long be=e
 he himself _h le>n$ to read4 ,*ildhood 

is l a mirror1 :i* reflects 9 aft]-life 
! images fir/ pres5t$ to x4 ,! fir/ ?+  
cont9ues = ev] ) ! *ild4 ,! fir/ joy1 ! 
fir/ sorr[1 ! fir/ success1 ! fir/      
failure1 ! fir/ a*ievem5t1 ! fir/       
misadv5ture1 pa9t ! =egr\nd ( 8 life4   
,all ?is :ile1 too1 ! tra9+ ( ! "* is 9 
progress--( ! temp]1 ! w1 & ! habits--on
 :i* s mu* ( ! happ9ess ( human be+s 9  
aft]-life dep5ds4 ,al?\gh man is end[$ )
 a c]ta9 self-act+1 self-help+ p[] (    
contribut+ to 8 own developm5t1         
indep5d5t ( surr\nd+ circum/ances1 & (  
react+ ^u ! life ar\nd him1 ! bias giv5 
to 8 moral "* 9 e>ly life is ( imm5se   
importance4 ,place ev5 ! highe/-m9d$    
philosoph] 9 ! mid/ ( daily discom=t1   
immorality1 & vil5ess1 & he w ins5sibly 
gravitate t[>ds brutality4 ,h[ mu* m    
susceptible is ! impressionable &       
helpless *ild amid/ su* surr\nd+s6 ,x is
 n possible to re> a k9dly nature1      
s5sitive to evil1 pure 9 m9d & he>t1    
amid/ co>s5ess1 discom=t1 & impurity4   
,?us homes1 :i* are ! nurs]ies ( *ildr5 

:o gr[ up into m5 & wom51 w be good or  
bad accord+ to ! p[] t gov]ns !m4 ,:]e !
 _s ( love & duty p]vades ! home--:]e   
head & he>t be> rule wisely !re--:]e !  
daily life is hone/ & virtu\s--:]e !    
gov]nm5t is s5sible1 k9d1 & lov+1 !n may
 we expect f su* a home an issue (      
heal?y1 useful1 & happy be+s1 capable1 z
 !y ga9 ! requisite /r5g?1 ( foll[+ !   
foot/eps ( _! p>5ts1 ( walk+ uprightly1 
gov]n+ !mselves wisely1 & contribut+ to 
! welf>e ( ^? ab\t !m4  ,on ! o!r h&1 if
 surr\nd$ by ignorance1 co>s5ess1 &     
selfi%ness1 !y w unconsci\sly assume !  
same "*1 & gr[ up to adult ye>s rude1   
uncultivat$1 & all ! m dang]\s to       
society if plac$ amid/ ! manifold       
temptations ( :at is call$ civilis$     
life4 ,give y\r *ild to be educat$ by a 
slave1 said an anci5t ,greek1 & in/ead (
 "o slave1 y w !n h two4  ,! *ild _c    
help imitat+ :at he sees4 ,ev]y?+ is to 
him a model--( mann]1 ( ge/ure1 ( spee*1
 ( habit1 ( "*4 ,= ! *ild1 says ,ri*t]1 
! mo/ important era ( life is t (       

*ildhood1 :5 he beg9s to col\r & m\ld   
himself by companion%ip ) o!rs4 ,e new  
educator effects less ?an 8 pr$ecessor2 
until at la/1 if we reg>d all life z an 
educational in/itution1 a               
circumnavigator ( ! _w is less influ5c$ 
by all ! nations he has se5 ?an by 8    
nurse4 #aab ,models are !re=e ( e       
importance 9 m\ld+ ! nature ( ! *ild2 & 
if we w\ld h f9e *>act]s1 we mu/        
necess>ily pres5t be=e !m f9e models4   
,n[1 ! model mo/ con/antly be=e e *ild's
 eye is ! ,"m4  ,"o good "m1 said       
,george ,h]b]t1 is wor? a hundr$        
s*oolma/]s4 ,9 ! home %e is load/one to 
all he>ts1 & load/> to all eyes4        
,imitation ( h] is con/ant--imitation1  
:i* ,bacon lik5s to a globe ( precepts4 
,b example is f> m ?an precept4 ,x is   
in/ruction 9 action4 ,x is tea*+ )\t    
words1 (t5 exemplify+ m ?an tongue c    
tea*4 ,9 ! face ( bad example1 ! be/ (  
precepts are ( b little avail4 ,!       
example is foll[$1 n ! precepts4 ,inde$1
 precept at v>iance ) practice is worse 

?an useless1 inasmu* z x only s]ves to  
tea* ! mo/ c[>dly ( vices--hypocrisy4   
,ev5 *ildr5 are judges ( consi/5cy1 & ! 
lessons ( ! p>5t :o says "o ?+ & does ! 
opposite1 are quickly se5 ?r\gh4 ,!     
tea*+ ( ! fri> 0 n wor? mu*1 :o prea*$ !
 virtue ( hone/y ) a /ol5 goose 9 8     
sleeve4  ,by imitation ( acts1 ! "*     
becomes sl[ly & imp]ceptibly1 b at l5g? 
decid$ly =m$4 ,! sev]al acts may seem 9 
!mselves trivial2 b s are ! cont9u\s    
acts ( daily life4 ,l sn[flakes1 !y fall
 unp]ceiv$2 ea* flake add$ to ! pile    
produces no s5sible *ange1 & yet !      
accumulation ( sn[flakes makes !        
avalan*e4 ,s d repeat$ acts1 "o foll[+  
ano!r1 at l5g? become consolidat$ 9     
habit1 det]m9e ! action ( ! human be+ = 
good or = evil1 &1 9 a ^w1 =m ! "*4  ,x 
is because ! "m1 f> m ?an ! fa!r1       
influ5ces ! action & conduct ( ! *ild1 t
 h] good example is ( s mu* great]      
importance 9 ! home4 ,x is easy to      
und]/& h[ ?is %\ld be s4 ,! home is !   
woman's doma9--h] k+dom1 :]e %e ex]cises

 entire control4 ,h] p[] ov] ! little   
subjects %e rules !re is absolute4 ,!y  
look up to h] = ev]y?+4 ,%e is ! example
 & model con/antly be=e _! eyes1 :om !y 
unconsci\sly obs]ve & imitate4  ,c[ley1 
speak+ ( ! influ5ce ( e>ly example1 &   
ideas e>ly implant$ 9 ! m9d1 comp>es !m 
to lett]s cut 9 ! b>k ( a "y tree1 :i*  
gr[ & wid5 ) age4 ,! impressions !n     
made1 h[soev] slight !y may seem1 are   
nev] effac$4 ,! ideas !n implant$ 9 !   
m9d are l se$s dropp$ into ! gr\nd1 :i* 
lie !re & g]m9ate = a "t1 aft]w>ds spr++
 up 9 acts & ?\ghts & habits4 ,?us ! "m 
lives aga9 9 h] *ildr54 ,!y unconsci\sly
 m\ld !mselves aft] h] mann]1 h] spee*1 
h] conduct1 & h] me?od ( life4 ,h]      
habits become !irs2 & h] "* is visibly  
repeat$ 9 !m4  ,?is mat]nal love is !   
visible provid5ce ( our race4 ,its      
influ5ce is con/ant & univ]sal4 ,x beg9s
 ) ! education ( ! human be+ at !       
out-/>t ( life1 & is prolong$ by virtue 
( ! p[]ful influ5ce :i* e good "m       
ex]cises ov] h] *ildr5 ?r\gh life4 ,:5  

laun*$ into ! _w1 ea* to take "p 9 its  
lab\rs1 anxieties1 & trials1 !y /ill    
turn to _! "m = consolation1 if n =     
c\nsel1 9 _! "t ( tr\ble & difficulty4  
,! pure & good ?\ghts %e has implant$ 9 
_! m9ds :5 *ildr51 cont9ue to gr[ up    
into good acts1 long aft] %e is dead2 & 
:5 !re is no?+ b a memory ( h] left1 h] 
*ildr5 rise up & call h] bless$4  ,x is 
n say+ too mu* to av] t ! happ9ess or   
mis]y1 ! enlight5m5t or ignorance1 !    
civilisation or b>b>ism ( ! _w1 dep5ds 9
 a v high degree ^u ! ex]cise ( woman's 
p[] )9 h] special k+dom ( home4 ,inde$1 
,em]son says1 broadly & truly1 t a      
suffici5t measure ( civilisation is !   
influ5ce ( good wom54 ,po/]ity may be   
said to lie be=e u 9 ! p]son ( ! *ild 9 
! "m's lap4 ,:at t *ild w ev5tually     
become1 ma9ly dep5ds ^u ! tra9+ &       
example :i* he has receiv$ f 8 fir/ &   
mo/ influ5tial educator4  ,woman1 above 
all o!r educators1 educates humanly4    
,man is ! bra91 b woman is ! he>t (     
humanity2 he its judgm5t1 %e its feel+2 

he its /r5g?1 %e its grace1 ornam5t1 &  
solace4 ,ev5 ! und]/&+ ( ! be/ woman    
seems to "w ma9ly ?r\gh h] affections4  
,& ?us1 ?\gh man may direct ! intellect1
 woman cultivates ! feel+s1 :i* ma9ly   
det]m9e ! "*4 ,:ile he fills ! memory1  
%e occupies ! he>t4 ,%e makes u love :at
 he c only make u believe1 & x is *iefly
 ?r\gh h] t we are enabl$ to arrive at  
virtue4  ,! respective influ5ces ( !    
fa!r & ! "m on ! tra9+ & developm5t (   
"*1 are rem>kably illu/rat$ 9 ! life (  
,/4 ,augu/9e4 ,:ile ,augu/9e's fa!r1 a  
poor freeman ( ,?aga/e1 pr\d ( 8 son's  
abilities1 endeav\r$ to furni% 8 m9d ) !
 highe/ le>n+ ( ! s*ools1 & 0 extoll$ by
 8 neighb\rs = ! sacrifices he made ) t 
object beyond ! ability ( 8 means--8 "m 
,monica1 on ! o!r h&1 s\ght to lead h]  
son's m9d 9 ! direction ( ! highe/ good1
 & ) pi\s c>e c\nsell$ him1 entreat$    
him1 advis$ him to *a/ity1 &1 amid/ mu* 
angui% & tribulation1 because ( 8 wick$ 
life1 nev] ceas$ to pray = him until h] 
pray]s 7 he>d & answ]$4 ,?us h] love at 

la/ triumph$1 & ! pati5ce & goodness ( !
 "m 7 rew>d$1 n only by ! conv]sion ( h]
 gift$ son1 b also ( h] husb&4 ,lat] 9  
life1 & aft] h] husb&'s dea?1 ,monica1  
drawn by h] affection1 foll[$ h] son to 
,milan1 to wat* ov] him2 & !re %e di$1  
:5 he 0 9 8 ?irty-?ird ye>4 ,b x 0 9 !  
e>li] p]iod ( 8 life t h] example &     
in/ruction made ! deepe/ impression ^u 8
 m9d1 & det]m9$ 8 future "*4  ,!re are  
_m simil> in/ances ( e>ly impressions   
made ^u a *ild's m9d1 spr++ up into good
 acts late 9 life1 aft] an int]v5+ p]iod
 ( selfi%ness & vice4 ,p>5ts may d all t
 !y c to develope an upright & virtu\s  
"* 9 _! *ildr51 & app>5tly 9 va94 ,x    
seems l bread ca/ ^u ! wat]s & lo/4 ,&  
yet sometimes x happ5s t long aft] !    
p>5ts h gone to _! ,re/--x may be tw5ty 
ye>s or m--! good precept1 ! good       
example set be=e _! sons & daught]s 9   
*ildhood1 at l5g? spr+s up & be>s fruit4
  ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable ( su* in/ances 0
 t ( ! ,rev]5d ,john ,newton ( ,olney1 !
 fri5d ( ,c[p] ! poet4 ,x 0 long        

subsequ5t to ! dea? ( bo? 8 p>5ts1 &    
aft] lead+ a vici\s life z a y\? & z a  
seaman1 t he became sudd5ly awak5$ to a 
s5se ( 8 depravity2 & !n x 0 t ! lessons
 :i* 8 "m _h giv5 him :5 a *ild sprang  
up vividly 9 8 memory4 ,h] voice came to
 him z x 7 f ! dead1 & l$ him g5tly back
 to virtue & goodness4  ,ano!r in/ance  
is t ( ,john ,r&olph1 ! ,am]ican        
/atesman1 :o once said3 ,i %\ld h be5 an
 a!i/ if x _h n be5 = "o recollection--&
 t 0 ! memory ( ! "t :5 my dep>t$ "m us$
 to take my little h& 9 h]s1 & cause me 
on my knees to say1 ',our ,fa!r :o art 9
 heav56'  ,b su* in/ance mu/1 on ! :ole1
 be reg>d$ z exceptional4 ,z ! "* is    
biass$ 9 e>ly life1 s x g5]ally rema9s1 
gradually assum+ its p]man5t =m z       
manhood is rea*$4 ,live z long z y may1 
said ,s\!y1 ! fir/ tw5ty ye>s are !     
longe/ half ( y\r life1 & !y are by f> !
 mo/ pregnant 9 consequ5ces4 ,:5 !      
worn-out sl&]] & voluptu>y1 ,dr4        
,wolcot1 lay on 8 dea?b$1 "o ( 8 fri5ds 
ask$ if he c\ld d any?+ to gratify him4 

,yes1 said ! dy+ man1 eag]ly1 give me   
back my y\?4 ,give him b t1 & he w\ld   
rep5t--he w\ld re=m4 ,b x 0 all too     
late6 ,8 life _h become b\nd & en?rall$ 
by ! *a9s ( habit4' #aac  ,gretry1 !    
musical compos]1 ?\ght s highly ( !     
importance ( woman z an educator ( "*1 t
 he describ$ a good "m z ,nature's      
,,*ef-,d',,oeuvre4 ,& he 0 "r3 = good   
mo!rs1 f> m ?an fa!rs1 t5d to ! p]petual
 r5ovation ( mank9d1 creat+1 z !y d1 !  
moral atmosph]e ( ! home1 :i* is !      
nutrim5t ( man's moral be+1 z ! physical
 atmosph]e is ( 8 corporeal frame4 ,by  
good temp]1 suavity1 & k9dness1 direct$ 
by intellig5ce1 woman surr\nds !        
indwell]s ) a p]vad+ atmosph]e (        
*e]fulness1 cont5tm5t1 & peace1 suitable
 = ! gr[? ( ! pure/ z ( ! manlie/       
natures4  ,! poore/ dwell+1 presid$ ov] 
by a virtu\s1 ?rifty1 *e]ful1 & cleanly 
woman1 may ?us be ! abode ( com=t1      
virtue1 & happ9ess2 x may be ! sc5e ( e 
ennobl+ relation 9 family life2 x may be
 ende>$ to a man by _m delightful       

associations2 furni%+ a sanctu>y = !    
he>t1 a refuge f ! /orms ( life1 a sweet
 re/+-place aft] lab\r1 a consolation 9 
mis=tune1 a pride 9 prosp]ity1 & a joy  
at all times4  ,! good home is ?us ! be/
 ( s*ools1 n only 9 y\? b 9 age4 ,!re "y
 & old be/ le>n *e]fulness1 pati5ce1    
self-control1 & ! _s ( s]vice & ( duty4 
,izaak ,walton1 speak+ ( ,george        
,h]b]t's "m1 says %e gov]n$ h] family ) 
judici\s c>e1 n rigidly nor s\rly1 b )  
su* a sweetness & compliance ) !        
recreations & pleasures ( y\?1 z did    
incl9e !m to sp5d mu* ( _! "t 9 h]      
company1 :i* 0 to h] great cont5t4  ,!  
home is ! true s*ool ( c\rtesy1 ( :i*   
woman is always ! be/ practical         
in/ructor4 ,)\t woman1 says ! ,prov5cal 
prov]b1 m5 7 b ill-lick$ cubs4          
,philan?ropy radiates f ! home z f a    
c5tre4 ,to love ! little platoon we     
belong to 9 society1 said ,burke1 is !  
g]m ( all public affections4 ,! wise/ & 
! be/ h n be5 a%am$ to own x to be _!   
greate/ joy & happ9ess to sit beh9d !   

heads ( *ildr5 9 ! inviolable circle (  
home4 ,a life ( purity & duty !re is n !
 lea/ effectual prep>ative = a life (   
public "w & duty2 & ! man :o loves 8    
home w n ! less fondly love & s]ve 8    
c\ntry4 ,b :ile homes1 :i* are !        
nurs]ies ( "*1 may be ! be/ ( s*ools1 !y
 may also be ! wor/4 ,betwe5 *ildhood & 
manhood h[ incalculable is ! mis*ief :i*
 ignorance 9 ! home has ! p[] to cause6 
,betwe5 ! draw+ ( ! fir/ brea? & ! la/1 
h[ va/ is ! moral suff]+ & disease      
occasion$ by incompet5t mo!rs & nurses6 
,commit a *ild to ! c>e ( a wor?less    
ignorant woman1 & no culture 9 aft]-life
 w rem$y ! evil y h done4 ,let ! "m be  
idle1 vici\s1 & a slatt]n2 let h] home  
be p]vad$ by cavill+1 petulance1 &      
discont5t1 & x w become a dwell+ (      
mis]y--a place to fly f1 r ?an to fly   
to2 & ! *ildr5 ^: mis=tune x is to be   
br\ght up !re1 w be morally dw>f$ &     
de=m$--! cause ( mis]y to !mselves z    
well z to o!rs4  ,napoleon ,buonap>te 0 
accu/om$ to say t ! future good or bad  

conduct ( a *ild dep5d$ entirely on !   
"m4 ,he himself attribut$ 8 rise 9 life 
9 a great measure to ! tra9+ ( 8 w1 8   
en]gy1 & 8 self-control1 by 8 "m at     
home4 ,nobody _h any comm& ov] him1 says
 "o ( 8 biograph]s1 except 8 "m1 :o f\nd
 means1 by a mixture ( t5d]ness1        
sev]ity1 & ju/ice1 to make him love1    
respect1 & obey h]3 f h] he le>nt !     
virtue ( ob$i5ce4  ,a curi\s illu/ration
 ( ! dep5d5ce ( ! "* ( *ildr5 on t ( !  
"m incid5tally occurs 9 "o ( ,mr4       
,tufnell's s*ool reports4 ,! tru?1 he   
obs]ves1 is s well e/abli%$ t x has ev5 
be5 made subs]vi5t to m]cantile         
calculation4 ,i 0 in=m$1 he says1 9 a   
l>ge factory1 :]e _m *ildr5 7 employ$1 t
 ! manag]s be=e !y engag$ a boy always  
inquir$ into ! "m's "*1 & if t 0        
satisfactory !y 7 tol]ably c]ta9 t h]   
*ildr5 w\ld conduct !mselves cr$itably4 
,,no ,,att5tion ,,0 ,,paid ,,to ,,! ,,"*
 ,,( ,,! ,,fa!r4 #aad  ,x has also be5  
obs]v$ t 9 cases :]e ! fa!r has turn$   
out badly--become a drunk>d1 & gone to !

 dogs--provid$ ! "m is prud5t & s5sible1
 ! family w be kept toge!r1 & ! *ildr5  
probably make _! way hon\rably 9 life2  
:]eas 9 cases ( ! opposite sort1 :]e !  
"m turns out badly1 no matt] h[         
well-conduct$ ! fa!r may be1 ! in/ances 
( aft]-success 9 life on ! "p ( ! *ildr5
 are comp>atively r>e4  ,! great] "p ( !
 influ5ce ex]cis$ by wom5 on ! =mation (
 "* necess>ily rema9s unkn[n4 ,!y       
accompli% _! be/ "w 9 ! quiet seclusion 
( ! home & ! family1 by su/a9$ ef=t &   
pati5t p]sev]ance 9 ! pa? ( duty4 ,_!   
greate/ triumphs1 because private &     
dome/ic1 are r>ely record$2 & x is n    
(t51 ev5 9 ! biographies ( di/+ui%$ m51 
t we he> ( ! %>e :i* _! mo!rs h _h 9 !  
=mation ( _! "*1 & 9 giv+ !m a bias     
t[>ds goodness4 ,yet are !y n on t      
acc\nt )\t _! rew>d4 ,! influ5ce !y h   
ex]cis$1 ?\gh unrecord$1 lives aft] !m1 
& goes on propagat+ itself 9 consequ5ces
 = ev]4  ,we d n (t5 he> ( great wom51 z
 we d ( great m54 ,x is ( good wom5 t we
 mo/ly he>2 & x is probable t by det]m9+

 ! "* ( m5 & wom5 = good1 !y are do+ ev5
 great] "w ?an if !y 7 to pa9t great    
pictures1 write great books1 or compose 
great op]as4 ,x is q true1 said ,joseph 
de ,mai/re1 t wom5 h produc$ no         
,,*efs-,,doeuvre4 ,!y h writt5 no       
',iliad1' nor ',j]usalem ,deliv]$1' nor 
',hamlet1' nor ',pha$re1' nor ',p>adise 
,lo/1' nor ',t>tuffe2' !y h design$ no  
,*ur* ( ,/4 ,pet]'s1 compos$ no         
',messiah1' c>v$ no ',apollo ,belvid]e1'
 pa9t$ no ',la/ ,judgm5t2' !y h inv5t$  
nei!r algebra1 nor telescopes1 nor      
/eam-eng9es2 b !y h done some?+ f>      
great] & bett] ?an all ?is1 = x is at _!
 knees t upright & virtu\s m5 & wom5 h  
be5 tra9$--! mo/ excell5t productions 9 
! _w4  ,de ,mai/re1 9 8 lett]s & writ+s1
 speaks ( 8 own "m ) imm5se love &      
rev]5ce4 ,h] noble "* made all o!r wom5 
v5]able 9 8 eyes4 ,he describ$ h] z 8   
sublime "m--an angel to :om ,god _h l5t 
a body = a brief season4 ,to h] he      
attribut$ ! b5t ( 8 "*1 & all 8 bias    
t[>ds good2 & :5 he _h gr[n to mature   

ye>s1 :ile act+ z ambassador at ! ,c\rt 
( ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 he ref]r$ to h] noble 
example & precepts z ! rul+ influ5ce 9 8
 life4  ,"o ( ! mo/ *>m+ features 9 ! "*
 ( ,samuel ,johnson1 not)/&+ 8 r\gh &   
%aggy ext]ior1 0 ! t5d]ness ) :i* he    
inv>iably spoke ( 8 "m #aae--;a woman ( 
/rong und]/&+1 :o firmly implant$ 9 8   
m9d1 z he himself ackn[l$ges1 8 fir/    
impressions ( religion4 ,he 0 accu/om$1 
ev5 9 ! "t ( 8 greate/ difficulties1 to 
contribute l>gely1 out ( 8 sl5d] means1 
to h] com=t2 & "o ( 8 la/ acts ( filial 
duty 0 to write ',rasselas' = ! purpose 
( pay+ h] little debts & defray+ h]     
fun]al *>ges4  ,george ,wa%+ton 0 only  
elev5 ye>s ( age--! elde/ ( five        
*ildr5--:5 8 fa!r di$1 leav+ 8 "m a     
wid[4 ,%e 0 a woman ( r>e               
excell5ce--full ( res\rces1 a good woman
 ( bus9ess1 an excell5t manag]1 &       
possess$ ( mu* /r5g? ( "*4 ,%e _h h]    
*ildr5 to educate & br+ up1 a l>ge      
h\sehold to gov]n1 & ext5sive e/ates to 
manage1 all ( :i* %e accompli%$ )       

complete success4 ,h] good s5se1        
assiduity1 t5d]ness1 indu/ry1 &         
vigilance1 enabl$ h] to ov]come e       
ob/acle2 & z ! ri*e/ rew>d ( h]         
solicitude & toil1 %e _h ! happ9ess to  
see all h] *ildr5 come =w>d ) a fair    
promise into life1 fill+ ! sph]es       
allott$ to !m 9 a mann] equally         
hon\rable to !mselves1 & to ! p>5t :o _h
 be5 ! only guide ( _!1 pr9ciples1      
conduct1 & habits4 #aaf  ,! biograph] ( 
,cromwell says little ab\t !            
,protector's fa!r1 b dwells ^u ! "* ( 8 
"m1 :om he describes z a woman ( r>e    
vig\r & decision ( purpose3 ,a woman1 he
 says1 possess$ ( ! glori\s faculty (   
self-help :5 o!r assi/ance fail$ h]2    
ready = ! dem&s ( =tune 9 its extreme/  
adv]se turn2 ( _s & en]gy equal to h]   
mildness & pati5ce2 :o1 ) ! lab\r ( h]  
own h&s1 gave d[ries to five daught]s   
suffici5t to m>ry !m into families z    
hon\rable b m weal?y ?an _! own2 ^: s+le
 pride 0 hone/y1 & ^: passion 0 love2 :o
 pres]v$ 9 ! gorge\s palace at ,:itehall

 ! simple ta/es t di/+ui%$ h] 9 ! old   
brew]y at ,hunt+don2 & ^: only c>e1     
amid/ all h] spl5d\r1 0 = ! safety ( h] 
son 9 8 dang]\s em95ce4 #aag  ,we h     
spok5 ( ! "m ( ,napoleon ,buonap>te z a 
woman ( great =ce ( "*4 ,n less s 0 ! "m
 ( ! ,duke ( ,well+ton1 :om h] son      
/rik+ly resembl$ 9 features1 p]son1 &   
"*2 :ile 8 fa!r 0 pr9cipally di/+ui%$ z 
a musical compos] & p]=m]4 #aah ,b1     
/range to say1 ,well+ton's "m mi/ook him
 = a dunce2 &1 = "s reason or o!r1 he 0 
n su* a fav\rite z h] o!r *ildr51 until 
8 great de$s 9 aft]-life con/ra9$ h] to 
be pr\d ( him4  ,! ,napi]s 7 bless$ 9   
bo? p>5ts1 b especially 9 _! "m1 ,lady  
,s>ah ,l5nox1 :o e>ly s\ght to inspire  
h] sons' m9ds ) elevat+ ?\ghts1         
admiration ( noble de$s1 & a *ivalr\s   
_s1 :i* became embodi$ 9 _! lives1 &    
cont9u$ to su/a9 !m1 until dea?1 9 ! pa?
 ( duty & ( hon\r4  ,among /atesm51     
lawy]s1 & div9es1 we f9d m>k$ m5tion    
made ( ! mo!rs ( ,"l ,*ancellors ,bacon1
 ,ersk9e1 & ,br\gham--all wom5 ( great  

ability1 &1 9 ! case ( ! fir/1 ( great  
le>n+2 z well z ( ! mo!rs ( ,cann+1     
,curran1 & ,presid5t ,adams--( ,h]b]t1  
,paley1 & ,wesley4 ,"l ,br\gham speaks 9
 t]ms almo/ approa*+ rev]5ce ( 8        
gr&mo!r1 ! si/] ( ,pr(essor ,rob]tson1 z
 hav+ be5 ma9ly in/rum5tal 9 in/ill+    
into 8 m9d a /rong desire = in=mation1 &
 ! fir/ pr9ciples ( t p]sev]+ en]gy 9 ! 
pursuit ( e k9d ( k :i* =m$ 8 prom95t   
*>act]i/ic ?r\gh\t life4  ,cann+'s "m 0 
an ,iri%woman ( great natural ability1 =
 :om h] gift$ son ent]ta9$ ! greate/    
love & respect to ! close ( 8 c>e]4 ,%e 
0 a woman ( no ord9>y intellectual p[]4 
,inde$1 says ,cann+'s biograph]1 7 we n 
o!rwise assur$ ( ! fact f direct s\rces1
 x w\ld be impossible to contemplate 8  
pr(\nd & t\*+ devotion to h]1 )\t be+ l$
 to conclude t ! object ( su* un*ang+   
atta*m5t mu/ h be5 possess$ ( r>e &     
comm&+ qualities4 ,%e 0 e/eem$ by !     
circle 9 :i* %e liv$1 z a woman ( great 
m5tal en]gy4 ,h] conv]sation 0 animat$ &
 vigor\s1 & m>k$ by a di/9ct orig9ality 

( mann] & a *oice ( topics fre% & /rik+1
 & out ( ! commonplace r\t9e4 ,to p]sons
 :o 7 b slightly acqua9t$ ) h]1 ! en]gy 
( h] mann] _h ev5 some?+ ( ! air (      
ecc5tricity4 #aai  ,curran speaks )     
great affection ( 8 "m1 z a woman (     
/rong orig9al und]/&+1 to ^: wise       
c\nsel1 consi/5t piety1 & lessons (     
hon\rable ambition1 :i* %e dilig5tly    
en=c$ on ! m9ds ( h] *ildr51 he himself 
pr9cipally attribut$ 8 success 9 life4  
,! only inh]itance1 he us$ to say1 t ,i 
c\ld boa/ ( f my poor fa!r1 0 ! v scanty
 "o ( an unattractive face & p]son2 l 8 
own2 & if ! _w has ev] attribut$ to me  
some?+ m valuable ?an face or p]son1 or 
?an e>?ly weal?1 x 0 t ano!r & a de>]   
p>5t gave h] *ild a portion f ! treasure
 ( h] m9d4 #aaaj  ,:5 ex-,presid5t      
,adams 0 pres5t at ! exam9ation ( a     
girls' s*ool at ,bo/on1 he 0 pres5t$ by 
! pupils ) an address :i* deeply affect$
 him2 & 9 ackn[l$g+ x1 he took !        
opportunity ( ref]r+ to ! la/+ influ5ce 
:i* womanly tra9+ & association _h      

ex]cis$ ^u 8 own life & "*4 ,z a *ild1  
he said1 ,i enjoy$ p]haps ! greate/ (   
bless+s t c be be/[$ on man--t ( a "m1  
:o 0 anxi\s & capable to =m ! *>act]s ( 
h] *ildr5 rightly4 ,f h] ,i d]iv$ :atev]
 in/ruction #aareligi\s especially1 &   
moral has p]vad$ a long life--,i w n say
 p]fectly1 or z x ought to be2 b ,i w   
say1 because x is only ju/ice to !      
memory ( h] ,i rev]e1 t1 9 ! c\rse ( t  
life1 :atev] imp]fection !re has be51 or
 deviation f :at %e taught me1 ! fault  
is m9e1 & n h]s4  ,! ,wesleys 7         
peculi>ly l9k$ to _! p>5ts by natural   
piety1 ?\gh ! "m1 r ?an ! fa!r1 influ5c$
 _! m9ds & develop$ _! *>act]s4 ,! fa!r 
0 a man ( /rong w1 b occasionally h>% & 
tyrannical 9 8 deal+s ) 8 family2 #aaaa 
:ile ! "m1 ) mu* /r5g? ( und]/&+ & ard5t
 love ( tru?1 0 g5tle1 p]suasive1       
affectionate1 & simple4 ,%e 0 ! tea*] & 
*e]ful companion ( h] *ildr51 :o        
gradually became m\ld$ by h] example4 ,x
 0 ?r\gh ! bias giv5 by h] to h] sons'  
m9ds 9 religi\s matt]s t !y acquir$ !   

t5d5cy :i*1 ev5 9 e>ly ye>s1 drew to !m 
! "n ( ,me?odi/s4 ,9 a lett] to h] son1 
,samuel ,wesley1 :5 a s*ol> at ,we/m9/] 
9 #agji1 %e said3 ,i w\ld advise y z mu*
 z possible to ?r[ y\r bus9ess into a   
c]ta9 ,,me?od1 by :i* means y w le>n to 
improve e preci\s mom5t1 & f9d an       
unspeakable facility 9 ! p]=mance ( y\r 
respective duties4 ,?is me?od %e w5t on 
to describe1 exhort+ h] son 9 all ?+s to
 act ^u pr9ciple2 & ! society :i* !     
bro!rs ,john & ,*>les aft]w>ds f\nd$ at 
,ox=d is suppos$ to h be5 9 a great     
measure ! result ( h] exhortations4  ,9 
! case ( poets1 lit]>y m51 & arti/s1 !  
influ5ce ( ! "m's feel+ & ta/e has      
d\btless _h great effect 9 direct+ !    
g5ius ( _! sons2 & we f9d ?is especially
 illu/rat$ 9 ! lives ( ,gray1 ,?omson1  
,scott1 ,s\!y1 ,bulw]1 ,s*ill]1 & ,goe!4
 ,gray inh]it$1 almo/ complete1 8 k9d & 
lov+ nature f 8 "m1 :ile 8 fa!r 0 h>% & 
unamiable4 ,gray 01 9 fact1 a fem99e    
man--%y1 res]v$1 & want+ 9 en]gy1--b    
?or\ghly irreproa*able 9 life & "*4 ,!  

poet's "m ma9ta9$ ! family1 aft] h]     
unwor?y husb& _h des]t$ h]2 &1 at h]    
dea?1 ,gray plac$ on h] grave1 9 ,/oke  
,pogis1 an epitaph describ+ h] z !      
c>eful t5d] "m ( _m *ildr51 "o ( :om    
alone _h ! mis=tune to survive h]4 ,!   
poet himself 01 at 8 own desire1 int]r$ 
beside h] wor%ipp$ grave4  ,goe!1 l     
,s*ill]1 ow$ ! bias ( 8 m9d & "* to 8   
"m1 :o 0 a woman ( extraord9>y gifts4   
,%e 0 full ( joy\s fl[+ "m-wit1 &       
possess$ 9 a high degree ! art (        
/imulat+ "y & active m9ds1 in/ruct+ !m 9
 ! sci5ce ( life out ( ! treasures ( h] 
abundant exp]i5ce4 #aaab ,aft] a l5g!n$ 
int]view ) h]1 an en?usia/ic travell]   
said1 ,n[ d ,i und]/& h[ ,goe! has      
become ! man he is4 ,goe! himself       
affectionately *]i%$ h] memory4 ,%e 0   
wor?y ( life6 he once said ( h]2 & :5 he
 visit$ ,frank=t1 he s\ght out e        
individual :o _h be5 k9d to 8 "m1 &     
?ank$ !m all4  ,x 0 ,ary ,s*eff]'s      
"m--^: beautiful features ! pa9t] s lov$
 to reproduce 9 8 pictures ( ,beatrice1 

,/4 ,monica1 & o!rs ( 8 works--t        
enc\rag$ 8 /udy ( art1 & by great       
self-d5ial provid$ him ) ! means (      
pursu+ x4 ,:ile liv+ at ,dordre*t1 9    
,holl&1 %e fir/ s5t him to ,lille to    
/udy1 & aft]w>ds to ,p>is2 & h] lett]s  
to him1 :ile abs5t1 7 always full ( s\nd
 mo!rly advice1 & affectionate womanly  
sympa?y4 ,if y c\ld b see me1 %e wrote  
on "o occasion1 kiss+ y\r picture1 !n1  
aft] a :ile1 tak+ x up aga91 &1 ) a te> 
9 my eye1 call+ y 'my belov$ son1' y    
w\ld compreh5d :at x co/s me to use     
sometimes ! /]n language ( au?ority1 &  
to occasion to y mom5ts ( pa94 99 99 99 
,"w dilig5tly--be1 above all1 mode/ &   
humble2 & :5 y f9d y\rself excell+ o!rs1
 !n comp>e :at y h done ) ,nature       
itself1 or ) ! 'ideal' ( y\r own m9d1 & 
y w be secur$1 by ! contra/ :i* w be    
app>5t1 aga9/ ! effects ( pride &       
presumption4  ,long ye>s aft]1 :5 ,ary  
,s*eff] 0 himself a gr&fa!r1 he rememb]$
 ) affection ! advice ( 8 "m1 & repeat$ 
x to 8 *ildr54 ,& ?us ! vital p[] ( good

 example lives on f g5]ation to         
g5]ation1 keep+ ! _w ev] fre% & "y4     
,writ+ to 8 daught]1 ,madame ,m>jol91 9 
#ahdf1 8 dep>t$ "m's advice recurr$ to  
him1 & he said3 ,! ^w ,,mu/--fix x well 
9 y\r memory1 de> *ild2 y\r gr&mo!r     
seldom _h x out ( h]s4 ,! tru? is1 t    
?r\gh our lives no?+ br+s any good fruit
 except :at is e>n$ by ei!r ! "w ( !    
h&s1 or by ! ex]tion ( "o's self-d5ial4 
,sacrifices mu/1 9 %ort1 be ev] go+ on  
if we w\ld obta9 any com=t or happ9ess4 
,n[ t ,i am no long] "y1 ,i decl>e t few
 passages 9 my life af=d me s mu*       
satisfaction z ^? 9 :i* ,i made         
sacrifices1 or d5i$ myself enjoym5ts4   
',das ,entsag5' #aa! =bidd5 is ! motto (
 ! wise man4 ,self-d5ial is ! quality ( 
:i* ,jesus ,*ri/ set u ! example4 #aaac 
,! ,fr5* hi/orian ,mi*elet makes !      
foll[+ t\*+ ref]5ce to 8 "m 9 ! ,preface
 to "o ( 8 mo/ popul> books1 ! subject (
 mu* embitt]$ controv]sy at ! "t at :i* 
x appe>$3--  ,:il/ writ+ all ?is1 ,i h  
_h 9 my m9d a woman1 ^: /rong & s]i\s   

m9d w\ld n h fail$ to support me 9 ^!   
cont5tions4 ,i lo/ h] ?irty ye>s ago    
#aa;,i 0 a *ild !n--nev]!less1 ev] liv+ 
9 my memory1 %e foll[s me f age to age4 
,%e suff]$ ) me 9 my pov]ty1 & 0 n all[$
 to %>e my bett] =tune4 ,:5 "y1 ,i made 
h] sad1 & n[ ,i _c console h]4 ,i "k n  
ev5 :]e h] bones are3 ,i 0 too poor !n  
to buy e>? to bury h]6  ,& yet ,i owe h]
 mu*4 ,i feel deeply t ,i am ! son (    
woman4 ,e in/ant1 9 my ideas & words    
#aan to m5tion my features & ge/ures1 ,i
 f9d aga9 my "m 9 myself4 ,x is my "m's 
blood :i* gives me ! sympa?y ,i feel =  
bygone ages1 & ! t5d] remembrance ( all 
^? :o are n[ no m4  ,:at return !n c\ld 
,i1 :o am myself advanc+ t[>ds old age1 
make h] = ! _m ?+s ,i owe h]8 ,"o1 = :i*
 %e w\ld h ?ank$ me--?is prote/ 9 fav\r 
( wom5 & mo!rs4 #aaad  ,b :ile a "m may 
greatly influ5ce ! poetic or arti/ic m9d
 ( h] son = good1 %e may also influ5ce x
 = evil4 ,?us ! *>act]i/ics ( ,"l       
,byron--! wayw>dness ( 8 impulses1 8    
defiance ( re/ra9t1 ! bitt]ness ( 8     

hate1 & ! precipitancy ( 8 res5tm5ts--7 
traceable 9 no small degree to ! adv]se 
influ5ces ex]cis$ ^u 8 m9d f 8 bir? by 8
 caprici\s1 viol5t1 & head/rong "m4 ,%e 
ev5 taunt$ h] son ) 8 p]sonal de=mity2 &
 x 0 no unfrequ5t occurr5ce1 9 ! viol5t 
qu>rels :i* occurr$ betwe5 !m1 = h] to  
take up ! pok] or tongs1 & hurl !m aft] 
him z he fl$ f h] pres5ce4 #aaae ,x 0   
?is unnatural treatm5t t gave a morbid  
turn to ,byron's aft]-life2 &1 c>eworn1 
unhappy1 great1 & yet weak z he 01 he   
c>ri$ ab\t ) him ! "m's poison :i* he _h
 suck$ 9 8 infancy4 ,h5ce he exclaims1 9
 8 ',*ilde ,h>old'3--        ,yet mu/ ,i
 ?9k less wildly3--,i h ?\ght           
,too long & d>kly1 till my bra9 became1 
,9 its own eddy boil+ & o'erwr\ght1     
,a :irl+ gulf ( phantasy & flame3       
,& ?us1 ,,untaught ,,9 ,,y\? ,,my ,,he>t
 ,,to ,,tame1         ,,my ,,spr+s ,,(  
,,life ,,7 ,,poison$4  ,9 l mann]1 ?\gh 
9 a diff]5t way1 ! "* ( ,mrs4 ,foote1 ! 
actor's "m1 0 curi\sly repeat$ 9 ! life 
( h] joy\s1 jovial-he>t$ son4 ,?\gh %e  

_h be5 heiress to a l>ge =tune1 %e soon 
sp5t x all1 & 0 at l5g? imprison$ =     
debt4 ,9 ?is condition %e wrote to ,sam1
 :o _h be5 all[+ h] a hundr$ a ye> out (
 ! proce$s ( 8 act+3-,de> ,sam1 ,i am 9 
prison = debt2 come & assi/ y\r lov+ "m1
 ,e4 ,foote4 ,to :i* h] son             
*>act]i/ically repli$--,de> "m1 s am ,i2
 :i* prev5ts 8 duty be+ paid to 8 lov+  
"m by h] affectionate son1 ,sam ,foote4 
,a fooli% "m may also spoil a gift$ son1
 by imbu+ 8 m9d ) uns\nd s5tim5ts4 ,?us 
,lam>t9e's "m is said to h tra9$ him 9  
altoge!r errone\s ideas ( life1 9 !     
s*ool ( ,r\sseau & ,b]n>d9 de           
,/4-,pi]re1 by :i* 8 s5tim5talism1      
suffici5tly /rong by nature1 0 exagg]at$
 in/ead ( repress$3 #aaaf & he became ! 
victim ( te>s1 affectation1 &           
improvid5ce1 all 8 life long4 ,x almo/  
sav\rs ( ! ridicul\s to f9d ,lam>t9e1 9 
8 ',confid5ces1' repres5t+ himself z a  
/atue ( ,adolesc5ce rais$ z a model = "y
 m54 #aaag ,z he 0 8 "m's spoilt *ild1 s
 he 0 ! spoilt *ild ( 8 c\ntry to ! end1

 :i* 0 bitt] & sad4 ,sa9te-,beuve says (
 him3 ,he 0 ! cont9ual object ( ! ri*e/ 
gifts1 :i* he _h n ! p[] ( manag+1      
scatt]+ & wa/+ !m--all1 except+1 ! gift 
( words1 :i* seem$ inexhau/ible1 & on   
:i* he cont9u$ to play to ! end z on an 
en*ant$ flute4 #aaah  ,we h spok5 ( ! "m
 ( ,wa%+ton z an excell5t woman (       
bus9ess2 & to possess su* a quality z   
capacity = bus9ess is n only compatible 
) true womanl9ess1 b is 9 a measure     
ess5tial to ! com=t & wellbe+ ( e       
prop]ly-gov]n$ family4 ,habits ( bus9ess
 d n relate to trade m]ely1 b apply to  
all ! practical affairs ( life--to      
ev]y?+ t has to be arrang$1 to be       
organis$1 to be provid$ =1 to be done4  
,& 9 all ^! respects ! managem5t ( a    
family1 & ( a h\sehold1 is z mu* a matt]
 ( bus9ess z ! managem5t ( a %op or ( a 
c\nt+-h\se4 ,x requires me?od1 accuracy1
 organization1 indu/ry1 economy1        
discipl9e1 tact1 k1 & capacity = adapt+ 
means to ends4 ,all ?is is ( ! ess5ce ( 
bus9ess2 & h5ce bus9ess habits are z    

necess>y to be cultivat$ by wom5 :o w\ld
 succe$ 9 ! affairs ( home--9 o!r words1
 :o w\ld make home happy--z by m5 9 !   
affairs ( trade1 ( comm]ce1 or (        
manufacture4  ,! idea has1 h[ev]1       
h]et(ore prevail$1 t wom5 h no conc]n ) 
su* matt]s1 & t bus9ess habits &        
qualifications relate to m5 only4 ,take1
 = in/ance1 ! k ( figures4 ,mr4 ,bright 
has said ( boys1 ,tea* a boy ari?metic  
?or\ghly1 & he is a made man4 ,&        
:y8--,because x tea*es him me?od1       
accuracy1 value1 proportions1 relations4
 ,b h[ _m girls are taught ari?metic    
well8--,v few inde$4 ,& :at is !        
consequ5ce8--,:5 ! girl becomes a wife1 
if %e kn[s no?+ ( figures1 & is innoc5t 
( addition & multiplication1 %e c keep  
no record ( income & exp5diture1 & !re w
 probably be a succession ( mi/akes     
committ$ :i* may be prolific 9 dome/ic  
cont5tion4 ,! woman1 n be+ up to h]     
bus9ess--t is1 ! managem5t ( h] dome/ic 
affairs 9 con=mity ) ! simple pr9ciples 
( ari?metic--w1 ?r\gh %e] ignorance1 be 

apt to commit extravagances1 ?\gh       
un9t5tional1 :i* may be mo/ injuri\s to 
h] family peace & com=t4  ,me?od1 :i* is
 ! s\l ( bus9ess1 is also ( ess5tial    
importance 9 ! home4 ,"w c only be got  
?r\gh by me?od4 ,muddle flies be=e x1 & 
hugg]-mugg] becomes a ?+ unkn[n4 ,me?od 
dem&s punctuality1 ano!r em95tly bus9ess
 quality4 ,! unpunctual woman1 l !      
unpunctual man1 occasions dislike1      
because %e consumes & wa/es "t1 &       
provokes ! reflection t we are n (      
suffici5t importance to make h] m       
prompt4 ,to ! bus9ess man1 "t is money2 
b to ! bus9ess woman1 me?od is m--x is  
peace1 com=t1 & dome/ic prosp]ity4      
,prud5ce is ano!r important bus9ess     
quality 9 wom51 z 9 m54 ,prud5ce is     
practical wisdom1 & comes ( ! cultivat$ 
judgm5t4 ,x has ref]5ce 9 all ?+s to    
fitness1 to propriety2 judg+ wisely ( ! 
"r ?+ to be done1 & ! "r way ( do+ x4 ,x
 calculates ! means1 ord]1 "t1 & me?od (
 do+4 ,prud5ce le>ns f exp]i5ce1 quick5$
 by k4  ,= ^!1 among/ o!r reasons1      

habits ( bus9ess are necess>y to be     
cultivat$ by all wom51 9 ord] to _! be+ 
effici5t help]s 9 ! _w's daily life &   
"w4 ,fur!rmore1 to direct ! p[] ( ! home
 aright1 wom51 z ! nurses1 tra9]s1 &    
educators ( *ildr51 ne$ all ! help &    
/r5g? t m5tal culture c give !m4  ,m]e  
in/9ctive love is n suffici5t4 ,in/9ct1 
:i* pres]ves ! l[] creatures1 ne$s no   
tra9+2 b human intellig5ce1 :i* is 9    
con/ant reque/ 9 a family1 ne$s to be   
educat$4 ,! physical heal? ( ! ris+     
g5]ation is entru/$ to woman by         
,provid5ce2 & x is 9 ! physical nature t
 ! moral & m5tal nature lies en%r9$4 ,x 
is only by act+ 9 accordance ) ! natural
 laws1 :i* be=e %e c foll[ woman mu/    
ne$s und]/&1 t ! bless+s ( heal? ( body1
 & heal? ( m9d & morals1 c be secur$ at 
home4 ,)\t a k ( su* laws1 ! "m's love  
too (t5 f9ds its recomp5ce only 9 a     
*ild's c(f94 #aaai  ,x is a m]e truism  
to say t ! intellect ) :i* woman z well 
z man is end[$1 has be5 giv5 = use &    
ex]cise1 & n to fu/ 9 h] unus$4 ,su*    

end[m5ts are nev] conf]r$ )\t a purpose4
 ,! ,creator may be lavi% 9 ,8 gifts1 b 
he is nev] wa/eful4  ,woman 0 n meant to
 be ei!r an un?9k+ drudge1 or ! m]ely   
pretty ornam5t ( man's leisure4 ,%e     
exi/s = h]self1 z well z = o!rs2 & !    
s]i\s & responsible duties %e is call$  
^u to p]=m 9 life1 require ! cultivat$  
head z well z ! sympa?is+ he>t4 ,h]     
highe/ mission is n to be fulfill$ by ! 
ma/]y ( fleet+ accompli%m5ts1 on :i* s  
mu* useful "t is n[ wa/$2 =1 ?\gh       
accompli%m5ts may enhance ! *>ms ( y\? &
 beauty1 ( !mselves suffici5tly *>m+1 !y
 w be f\nd ( v little use 9 ! affairs ( 
real life4  ,! highe/ praise :i* !      
anci5t ,romans c\ld express ( a noble   
matron 0 t %e sat at home &             
span--,,domum ,,mansit1 ,,lanam ,,fecit4
 ,9 our own "t1 x has be5 said t *emi/ry
 en\gh to keep ! pot boil+1 & geography 
en\gh to "k ! diff]5t rooms 9 h] h\se1 0
 sci5ce en\gh = any woman2 :il/ ,byron1 
^: sympa?ies = woman 7 ( a v imp]fect   
k9d1 pr(ess$ t he w\ld limit h] libr>y  

to a ,bible & a cook]y-book4 ,b ?is view
 ( woman's "* & culture is z absurdly   
n>r[ & un9tellig5t1 on ! "o h&1 z !     
opposite view1 n[ s mu* 9 vogue1 is     
extravagant & unnatural on ! o!r--t     
woman ought to be educat$ s z to be z   
mu* z possible ! equal ( man2           
undi/+ui%able f him1 except 9 sex2 equal
 to him 9 rights & votes2 & 8 competitor
 9 all t makes life a fi]ce & selfi%    
/ruggle = place & p[] & money4  ,speak+ 
g5]ally1 ! tra9+ & discipl9e t are mo/  
suitable = ! "o sex 9 e>ly life1 are    
also ! mo/ suitable = ! o!r2 & !        
education & culture t fill ! m9d ( ! man
 w prove equally :olesome = ! woman4    
,inde$1 all ! argum5ts :i* h yet be5    
advanc$ 9 fav\r ( ! high] education (   
m51 plead equally /rongly 9 fav\r ( !   
high] education ( wom54 ,9 all !        
dep>tm5ts ( home1 intellig5ce w add to  
woman's usefulness & effici5cy4 ,x w    
give h] ?\ght & =e?\ght1 enable h] to   
anticipate & provide = ! cont+5cies (   
life1 sugge/ improv$ me?ods ( managem5t1

 & give h] /r5g? 9 e way4 ,9 discipl9$  
m5tal p[] %e w f9d a /rong] & saf]      
protection aga9/ deception & impo/ure   
?an 9 m]e innoc5t & unsuspect+          
ignorance2 9 moral & religi\s culture %e
 w secure s\rces ( influ5ce m p[]ful &  
endur+ ?an 9 physical attractions2 & 9  
due self-reliance & self-dep5d5ce %e w  
discov] ! true/ s\rces ( dome/ic com=t &
 happ9ess4  ,b :ile ! m9d & "* ( wom5   
ought to be cultivat$ ) a view to _! own
 wellbe+1 !y ought n ! less to be       
educat$ lib]ally ) a view to ! happ9ess 
( o!rs4 ,m5 !mselves _c be s\nd 9 m9d or
 morals if wom5 be ! rev]se2 & if1 z we 
hold to be ! case1 ! moral condition ( a
 p ma9ly dep5ds ^u ! education ( ! home1
 !n ! education ( wom5 is to be reg>d$ z
 a matt] ( national importance4 ,n only 
does ! moral "* b ! m5tal /r5g? ( man   
f9d _! be/ safegu>d & support 9 ! moral 
purity & m5tal cultivation ( woman2 b ! 
m completely ! p[]s ( bo? are develop$1 
! m h>moni\s & well-ord]$ w society     
be--! m safe & c]ta9 its elevation &    

advancem5t4  ,:5 ab\t fifty ye>s s9ce1 !
 fir/ ,napoleon said t ! great want (   
,france 0 mo!rs1 he meant1 9 o!r words1 
t ! ,fr5* p ne$$ ! education ( homes1   
provid$ ov] by good1 virtu\s1 intellig5t
 wom54 ,inde$1 ! fir/ ,fr5* ,revolution 
pres5t$ "o ( ! mo/ /rik+ illu/rations ( 
! social mis*iefs result+ f a neglect ( 
! purify+ influ5ce ( wom54 ,:5 t great  
national outbreak occurr$1 society 0    
imp5etrat$ ) vice & pr(ligacy4 ,morals1 
religion1 virtue1 7 swamp$ by s5sualism4
 ,! "* ( woman _h become deprav$4       
,conjugal fidelity 0 disreg>d$2 mat]nity
 0 held 9 reproa*2 family & home 7 alike
 corrupt$4 ,dome/ic purity no long] b\nd
 society toge!r4 ,france 0 mo!rless2 !  
*ildr5 broke loose2 & ! ,revolution bur/
 =?1 amid/ ! yells & ! fi]ce viol5ce (  
wom54 #aabj  ,b ! t]rible lesson 0      
disreg>d$1 & aga9 & aga9 ,france has    
griev\sly suff]$ f ! want ( t discipl9e1
 ob$i5ce1 self-control1 & self-respect  
:i* c only be truly le>nt at home4 ,x is
 said t ! ,?ird ,napoleon attribut$ !   

rec5t p[]lessness ( ,france1 :i* left h]
 helpless & ble$+ at ! feet ( h]        
conqu]ors1 to ! frivolity & lack (      
pr9ciple ( ! p1 z well z to _! love (   
pleasure--:i*1 h[ev]1 x mu/ be confess$1
 he himself did n a little to fo/]4 ,x  
w\ld ?us seem t ! discipl9e :i* ,france 
/ill ne$s to le>n1 if %e w\ld be good & 
great1 is t indicat$ by ! ,fir/         
,napoleon--home education by good mo!rs4
  ,! influ5ce ( woman is ! same ev]y:]e4
 ,h] condition influ5ces ! morals1      
mann]s1 & "* ( ! p 9 all c\ntries4 ,:]e 
%e is debas$1 society is debas$2 :]e %e 
is morally pure & enlight5$1 society w  
be proportionately elevat$4  ,h5ce1 to  
in/ruct woman is to in/ruct man2 to     
elevate h] "* is to raise 8 own2 to     
enl>ge h] m5tal fre$om is to ext5d &    
secure t ( ! :ole community4 ,= ,nations
 are b ! outcomes ( ,homes1 & ,peoples (
 ,mo!rs4  ,b :ile x is c]ta9 t ! "* ( a 
nation w be elevat$ by ! enlight5m5t &  
ref9em5t ( woman1 x is mu* m ?an d\btful
 :e!r any advantage is to be d]iv$ f h] 

ent]+ into competition ) man 9 ! r\gh "w
 ( bus9ess & polities4 ,wom5 c no m d   
m5's special "w 9 ! _w ?an m5 c d       
wom5's4 ,& :]ev] woman has be5 )drawn f 
h] home & family to ent] ^u o!r "w1 !   
result has be5 socially disa/r\s4       
,inde$1 ! ef=ts ( "s ( ! be/            
philan?ropi/s h ( late ye>s be5 devot$  
to )draw+ wom5 f toil+ alongside ( m5 9 
coalpits1 factories1 nail%ops1 &        
bricky>ds4  ,x is /ill n uncommon 9 !   
,nor? = ! husb&s to be idle at home1    
:ile ! mo!rs & daught]s are work+ 9 !   
factory2 ! result be+1 9 _m cases1 an   
entire subv]sion ( family ord]1 (       
dome/ic discipl9e1 & ( home rule4 #aaba 
,& = _m ye>s pa/1 9 ,p>is1 t /ate ( ?+s 
has be5 rea*$ :i* "s wom5 desire to     
effect among/ ourselves4 ,! wom5 !re    
ma9ly att5d to bus9ess--s]v+ !          
,,b\tique1 or presid+ at !              
,,comptoir--:ile ! m5 l\nge ab\t !      
,b\lev>ds4 ,b ! result has only be5     
homelessness1 deg5]acy1 & family &      
social decay4  ,nor is !re any reason to

 believe t ! elevation & improvem5t (   
wom5 are to be secur$ by inve/+ !m )    
political p[]4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 9 ^!    
days1 _m believ]s 9 ! pot5tiality (     
votes1 #aabb :o anticipate "s indef9ite 
good f ! enfran*isem5t ( wom54 ,x is n  
necess>y "h to ent] ^u ! discussion (   
?is "q4 ,b x may be suffici5t to /ate t 
! p[] :i* wom5 d n possess politically  
is f> m ?an comp5sat$ by t :i* !y       
ex]cise 9 private life--by _! tra9+ 9 ! 
home ^? :o1 :e!r z m5 or z wom51 d all !
 manly z well z womanly "w ( ! _w4 ,!   
,radical ,b5?am has said t man1 ev5 if  
he w\ld1 _c keep p[] f woman2 = t %e    
already gov]ns ! _w ) ! :ole p[] ( a    
despot1 #aabc ?\gh ! p[] t %e ma9ly     
gov]ns by is love4 ,& to =m ! "* ( !    
:ole human race1 is c]ta9ly a p[] f>    
great] ?an t :i* wom5 c\ld ev] hope to  
ex]cise z vot]s = memb]s ( ,p>liam5t1 or
 ev5 z lawmak]s4  ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "o    
special dep>tm5t ( woman's "w dem&+ !   
e>ne/ att5tion ( all true female re=m]s1
 ?\gh x is "o :i* has hi!rto be5        

unacc\ntably neglect$4 ,we mean ! bett] 
economiz+ & prep>ation ( human food1 !  
wa/e ( :i* at pres5t1 = want ( ! mo/    
ord9>y cul9>y k1 is little %ort (       
sc&al\s4 ,if t man is to be reg>d$ z a  
b5efactor ( 8 species :o makes two /alks
 ( corn to gr[ :]e only "o grew be=e1 n 
less is %e to be reg>d$ z a public      
b5efactor :o economizes & turns to ! be/
 practical acc\nt ! food-products (     
human skill & lab\r4 ,! improv$ use (   
ev5 our exi/+ supply w\ld be equival5t  
to an imm$iate ext5sion ( ! cultivable  
acreage ( our c\ntry--n to speak ( !    
increase 9 heal?1 economy1 & dome/ic    
com=t4 ,7 our female re=m]s only to turn
 _! en]gies 9 ?is direction ) effect1 !y
 w\ld e>n ! gratitude ( all h\seholds1 &
 be e/eem$ z among ! greate/ ( practical
 philan?ropi/s4     ,,*apt]             
,,iii4--,,companion%ip ,,& ,,examples   
,keep good company1 & y %all be ( !     
numb]4                                  
-- ,,george ,,h]b]t4      ,= m9e own "p1
     ,i ,%all be glad to le>n ( noble   

m54--,,%akspe>e      ,examples prea* to 
?' eye--,c>e !n1 m9e says1     ,n h[ y  
end b h[ y sp5d y\r days4               
,,h5ry ,,m>t5--',,la/ ,,?\ghts4'        
,dis moi qui t'admire1 et je dirai qui  
tu es4--,,sa9te-,,beuve       ,he t     
means to be a good limn] w be sure to   
draw      aft] ! mo/ excell5t copies &  
guide e /roke (      8 p5cil by ! bett] 
patt]n t lays be=e him2 s he      t     
desires t ! table ( 8 life may be fair1 
w be      c>eful to propose ! be/       
examples1 & w nev] be      cont5t till  
he equals or excels !m4--,,ow5 ,,fel?am 
,! natural education ( ! ,home is       
prolong$ f> into life--inde$1 x nev]    
entirely ceases4 ,b ! "t arrives1 9 !   
progress ( ye>s1 :5 ! ,home ceases to   
ex]cise an exclusive influ5ce on !      
=mation ( "*2 & x is succe$$ by ! m     
artificial education ( ! s*ool & !      
companion%ip ( fri5ds & comrades1 :i*   
cont9ue to m\ld ! "* by ! p[]ful        
influ5ce ( example4  ,m51 "y & old--b ! 
"y m ?an ! old--_c help imitat+ ^? ) :om

 !y associate4 ,x 0 a say+ ( ,george    
,h]b]t's "m1 int5d$ = ! guidance ( h]   
sons1 t z our bodies take a n\ri%m5t    
suitable to ! meat on :i* we fe$1 s d   
our s\ls z ins5sibly take 9 virtue or   
vice by ! example or conv]sation ( good 
or bad company4  ,inde$1 x is impossible
 t association ) ^? ab\t u %\ld n       
produce a p[]ful influ5ce 9 ! =mation ( 
"*4 ,= m5 are by nature imitators1 & all
 p]sons are m or less impress$ by !     
spee*1 ! mann]s1 ! gait1 ! ge/ures1 & ! 
v habits ( ?9k+ ( _! companions4 ,is    
example no?+8 said ,burke4 ,x is ev]y?+4
 ,example is ! s*ool ( mank9d1 & !y w   
le>n at no o!r4 ,burke's gr& motto1 :i* 
he wrote = ! tablet ( ! ,m>quis (       
,rock+ham1 is wor? repeat+3 x 01        
,rememb]--resemble--p]sev]e4  ,imitation
 is = ! mo/ "p s unconsci\s t its       
effects are almo/ unhe$$1 b its influ5ce
 is n ! less p]man5t on t acc\nt4 ,x is 
only :5 an impressive nature is plac$ 9 
contact ) an impressionable "o1 t !     
alt]ation 9 ! "* becomes recognisable4  

,yet ev5 ! weake/ natures ex]cise "s    
influ5ce ^u ^? ab\t !m4 ,! approximation
 ( feel+1 ?\ght1 & habit is con/ant1 & !
 action ( example unceas+4  ,em]son has 
obs]v$ t ev5 old c\ples1 or p]sons :o h 
be5 h\semates = a c\rse ( ye>s1 gr[     
gradually l ea* o!r2 s t1 if !y 7 to    
live long en\gh1 we %\ld sc>cely be able
 to "k !m ap>t4 ,b if ?is be true ( !   
old1 h[ mu* m true is x ( ! "y1 ^:      
pla/ic natures are s mu* m s(t &        
impressionable1 & ready to take ! /amp (
 ! life & conv]sation ( ^? ab\t !m6     
,!re has be51 obs]v$ ,sir ,*>les ,bell 9
 "o ( 8 lett]s1 a good deal said ab\t   
education1 b !y appe> to me to put out (
 sight ,,example1 :i* is all-9-all4 ,my 
be/ education 0 ! example set me by my  
bro!rs4 ,!re 01 9 all ! memb]s ( !      
family1 a reliance on self1 a true      
indep5d5ce1 & by imitation ,i obta9$ x4 
#aba  ,x is 9 ! nature ( ?+s t !        
circum/ances :i* contribute to =m ! "*1 
%\ld ex]cise _! pr9cipal influ5ce dur+ !
 p]iod ( gr[?4 ,z ye>s advance1 example 

& imitation become cu/om1 & gradually   
consolidate into habit1 :i* is ( s mu*  
pot5cy t1 almo/ be=e we "k x1 we h 9 a  
measure yield$ up to x our p]sonal      
fre$om4  ,x is relat$ ( ,plato1 t on "o 
occasion he reprov$ a boy = play+ at "s 
fooli% game4 ,?\ reprove/ me1 said !    
boy1 = a v little ?+4 ,b cu/om1 repli$  
,plato1 is n a little ?+4 ,bad cu/om1   
consolidat$ into habit1 is su* a tyrant 
t m5 sometimes cl+ to vices ev5 :ile !y 
curse !m4 ,!y h become ! slaves ( habits
 ^: p[] !y are impot5t to resi/4 ,h5ce  
,locke has said t to create & ma9ta9 t  
vig\r ( m9d :i* is able to conte/ !     
empire ( habit1 may be reg>d$ z "o ( !  
*ief ends ( moral discipl9e4  ,?\gh mu* 
( ! education ( "* by example is        
spontane\s & unconsci\s1 ! "y ne$ n     
necess>ily be ! passive foll[]s or      
imitators ( ^? ab\t !m4 ,_! own conduct1
 f> m ?an ! conduct ( _! companions1    
t5ds to fix ! purpose & =m ! pr9ciples (
 _! life4 ,ea* possesses 9 himself a p[]
 ( w & ( free activity1 :i*1 if         

c\rage\sly ex]cis$1 w enable him to make
 8 own individual selection ( fri5ds &  
associates4 ,x is only ?r\gh weakness ( 
purpose t "y p1 z well z old1 become !  
slaves ( _! incl9ations1 or give        
!mselves up to a s]vile imitation (     
o!rs4  ,x is a common say+ t m5 are kn[n
 by ! company !y keep4 ,! sob] d n      
naturally associate ) ! drunk51 ! ref9$ 
) ! co>se1 ! dec5t ) ! dissolute4 ,to   
associate ) deprav$ p]sons argues a l[  
ta/e & vici\s t5d5cies1 & to frequ5t _! 
society leads to inevitable degradation 
( "*4 ,! conv]sation ( su* p]sons1 says 
,s5eca1 is v injuri\s2 = ev5 if x does  
no imm$iate h>m1 x leaves its se$s 9 !  
m9d1 & foll[s u :5 we h gone f !        
speak]s--a plague sure to spr+ up 9     
future resurrection4  ,if "y m5 are     
wisely influ5c$ & direct$1 &            
consci5ti\sly ex]t _! own free en]gies1 
!y w seek ! society ( ^? bett] ?an      
!mselves1 & /rive to imitate _! example4
 ,9 companion%ip ) ! good1 gr[+ natures 
w always f9d _! be/ n\ri%m5t2 :ile      

companion%ip ) ! bad w only be fruitful 
9 mis*ief4 ,!re are p]sons :om to "k is 
to love1 hon\r1 & admire2 & o!rs :om to 
"k is to %un & despise1--,,dont ,,le    
,,savoir ,n',,e/ ,,que ,,bet]ie1 z says 
,rabelais :5 speak+ ( ! education (     
,g>gantua4 ,live ) p]sons ( elevat$     
*>act]s1 & y w feel lift$ & light$ up 9 
!m3 ,live ) wolves1 says ! ,spani%      
prov]b1 & y w le>n to h[l4  ,int]c\rse )
 ev5 commonplace1 selfi% p]sons1 may    
prove mo/ injuri\s1 by induc+ a dry1    
dull res]v$1 & selfi% condition ( m9d1 m
 or less inimical to true manl9ess &    
bread? ( "*4 ,! m9d soon le>ns to run 9 
small grooves1 ! he>t gr[s n>r[ &       
contract$1 & ! moral nature becomes     
weak1 irresolute1 & accommodat+1 :i* is 
fatal to all g5]\s ambition or real     
excell5ce4  ,on ! o!r h&1 association ) 
p]sons wis]1 bett]1 & m exp]i5c$ ?an    
ourselves1 is always m or less inspir+ &
 invigorat+4 ,!y enhance our own k (    
life4 ,we correct our e/imates by !irs1 
& become p>tn]s 9 _! wisdom4 ,we enl>ge 

our field ( obs]vation ?r\gh _! eyes1   
pr(it by _! exp]i5ce1 & le>n n only f   
:at !y h enjoy$1 b--:i* is /ill m       
in/ructive--f :at !y h suff]$4 ,if !y   
are /rong] ?an ourselves1 we become     
p>ticipators 9 _! /r5g?4 ,h5ce          
companion%ip ) ! wise & en]getic nev]   
fails to h a mo/ valuable influ5ce on ! 
=mation ( "*--increas+ our res\rces1    
/r5g!n+ our resolves1 elevat+ our aims1 
& enabl+ u to ex]cise great] dext]ity & 
ability 9 our own affairs1 z well z m   
effective helpfulness ( o!rs4  ,i h (t5 
deeply regrett$ 9 myself1 says ,mrs4    
,s*immelp5n9ck1 ! great loss ,i h       
exp]i5c$ f ! solitude ( my e>ly habits4 
,we ne$ no worse companion ?an our      
unreg5]ate selves1 &1 by liv+ alone1 a  
p]son n only becomes :olly ignorant ( ! 
means ( help+ 8 fell[-creatures1 b is   
)\t ! p]ception ( ^? wants :i* mo/ ne$  
help4 ,association ) o!rs1 :5 n on s    
l>ge a scale z to make h\rs ( retirem5t 
impossible1 may be consid]$ z furni%+ to
 an individual a ri* multipli$ exp]i5ce2

 & sympa?y s drawn =?1 ?\gh1 unlike     
*>ity1 x beg9s abroad1 nev] fails to br+
 back ri* treasures home4 ,association )
 o!rs is useful also 9 /r5g!n+ ! "*1 & 9
 enabl+ u1 :ile we nev] lose sight ( our
 ma9 object1 to ?read our way wisely &  
well4 #abb  ,an entirely new direction  
may be giv5 to ! life ( a "y man by a   
happy sugge/ion1 a timely h9t1 or !     
k9dly advice ( an hone/ fri5d4 ,?us !   
life ( ,h5ry ,m>tyn ! ,indian mission>y1
 seems to h be5 s+ul>ly influ5c$ by a   
fri5d%ip :i* he =m$1 :5 a boy1 at ,truro
 ,gramm> ,s*ool4 ,m>tyn himself 0 (     
feeble frame1 & ( a delicate n]v\s      
temp]am5t4 ,want+ 9 animal spirits1 he  
took b little pleasure 9 s*ool sports2 &
 be+ ( a some:at petulant temp]1 ! bigg]
 boys took pleasure 9 provok+ him1 & "s 
( !m 9 bully+ him4 ,"o ( ! bigg] boys1  
h[ev]1 conceiv+ a fri5d%ip = ,m>tyn1    
took him "u 8 protection1 /ood betwe5   
him & 8 p]secutors1 & n only f\ght 8    
battles = him1 b help$ him ) 8 lessons4 
,?\gh ,m>tyn 0 r a backw>d pupil1 8 fa!r

 0 desir\s t he %\ld h ! advantage ( a  
college education1 & at ! age ( ab\t    
fifte5 he s5t him to ,ox=d to try = a   
,corpus s*ol>%ip1 9 :i* he fail$4 ,he   
rema9$ = two ye>s m at ! ,truro ,gramm> 
,s*ool1 & !n w5t to ,cambridge1 :]e he 0
 ent]$ at ,/4 ,john's ,college4 ,:o %\ld
 he f9d already settl$ !re z a /ud5t b 8
 old *ampion ( ! ,truro ,gramm> ,s*ool8 
,_! fri5d%ip 0 r5ew$2 & ! eld] /ud5t f t
 "t =w>d act$ z ! ,m5tor1 ( ! y\ng] "o4 
,m>tyn 0 fitful 9 8 /udies1 excitable & 
petulant1 & occasionally subject to fits
 ( almo/ uncontrollable rage4 ,8 big    
fri5d1 on ! o!r h&1 0 a /eady1 pati5t1  
h>dwork+ fell[2 & he nev] ceas$ to wat* 
ov]1 to guide1 & to advise = good 8     
irritable fell[-/ud5t4 ,he kept ,m>tyn  
out ( ! way ( evil company1 advis$ him  
to "w h>d1 n = ! praise ( m51 b = !     
glory ( ,god2 & s successfully assi/$   
him 9 8 /udies1 t at ! foll[+ ,*ri/mas  
exam9ation he 0 ! fir/ ( 8 ye>4 ,yet    
,m>tyn's k9d fri5d & ,m5tor nev] a*iev$ 
any di/9ction himself2 he pass$ away    

into obscurity1 lead+1 mo/ probably1 a  
useful ?\gh an unkn[n c>e]2 8 greate/   
wi% 9 life hav+ be5 to %ape ! "* ( 8    
fri5d1 to inspire 8 s\l ) ! love ( tru?1
 & to prep>e him = ! noble "w1 on :i* he
 %ortly aft] ent]$1 ( an ,indian        
mission>y4  ,a some:at simil> incid5t is
 said to h occurr$ 9 ! college c>e] (   
,dr4 ,paley4 ,:5 a /ud5t at ,*ri/'s     
,college ,cambridge1 he 0 di/+ui%$ = 8  
%rewdness z well z 8 clums9ess1 & he 0  
at ! same "t ! fav\rite & ! butt ( 8    
companions4 ,?\gh 8 natural abilities 7 
great1 he 0 ?\ghtless1 idle1 & a        
sp5d?rift2 & at ! comm5cem5t ( 8 ?ird   
ye> he _h made comp>atively little      
progress4 ,aft] "o ( 8 usual            
night-dissipations1 a fri5d /ood by 8   
b$side on ! foll[+ morn+4 ,paley1 said  
he1 ,i h n be5 able to sleep = ?9k+ ab\t
 y4 ,i h be5 ?9k+ :at a fool y are6 ,i h
 ! means ( dissipation1 & c af=d to be  
idle3 ,,y are poor1 & _c af=d x4 ,i c\ld
 d no?+1 probably1 ev5 7 ,i to try3 ,,y 
are capable ( do+ any?+4 ,i h la9 awake 

all night ?9k+ ab\t y\r folly1 & ,i h n[
 come solemnly to w>n y4 ,inde$1 if y   
p]si/ 9 y\r indol5ce1 & g on 9 ?is way1 
,i mu/ r5\nce y\r society altoge!r6  ,x 
is said t ,paley 0 s p[]fully affect$ by
 ?is admonition1 t f t mom5t he became  
an alt]$ man4 ,he =m$ an entirely new   
plan ( life1 & dilig5tly p]sev]$ 9 x4   
,he became "o ( ! mo/ indu/ri\s (       
/ud5ts4 ,"o by "o he di/anc$ 8          
competitors1 & at ! end ( ! ye> he came 
out ,s5ior ,wrangl]4 ,:at he aft]w>ds   
accompli%$ z an au?or & a div9e is      
suffici5tly well kn[n4  ,no "o recognis$
 m fully ! influ5ce ( p]sonal example on
 ! "y ?an did ,dr4 ,arnold4 ,x 0 ! great
 lev] ) :i* he work$ 9 /riv+ to elevate 
! "* ( 8 s*ool4 ,he made x 8 pr9cipal   
object1 fir/ to put a "r _s into ! lead+
 boys1 by attract+ _! good & noble      
feel+s2 & !n to make !m in/rum5tal 9    
propagat+ ! same _s among ! re/1 by !   
influ5ce ( imitation1 example1 &        
admiration4 ,he endeav\r$ to make all   
feel t !y 7 fell[-work]s ) himself1 &   

%>]s ) him 9 ! moral responsibility = ! 
good gov]nm5t ( ! place4 ,"o ( ! fir/   
effects ( ?is highm9d$ sy/em ( managem5t
 01 t x inspir$ ! boys ) /r5g? &        
self-respect4 ,!y felt t !y 7 tru/$4    
,!re 71 ( c\rse1 ,,mauvais ,,sujets at  
,rugby1 z !re are at all s*ools2 & ^! x 
0 ! ma/]'s duty to wat*1 to prev5t _!   
bad example contam9at+ o!rs4 ,on "o     
occasion he said to an assi/ant-ma/]3 ,d
 y see ^? two boys walk+ toge!r8 ,i nev]
 saw !m toge!r be=e4 ,y %\ld make an    
especial po9t ( obs]v+ ! company !y     
keep3 no?+ s tells ! *anges 9 a boy's   
"*4  ,dr4 ,arnold's own example 0 an    
inspiration1 z is t ( e great tea*]4 ,9 
8 pres5ce1 "y m5 le>n$ to respect       
!mselves2 & out ( ! root ( self-respect 
!re grew up ! manly virtues4 ,8 v       
pres5ce1 says 8 biograph]1 seem$ to     
create a new spr+ ( heal? & vig\r )9 !m1
 & to give to life an int]e/ & elevation
 :i* rema9$ ) !m long aft] !y _h left   
him2 & dwelt s habitually 9 _! ?\ghts z 
a liv+ image1 t1 :5 dea? _h tak5 him    

away1 ! bond appe>$ to be /ill unbrok51 
& ! s5se ( sep>ation almo/ lo/ 9 ! /ill 
deep] s5se ( a life & a ,union          
inde/ructible4 #abc ,& ?us x 0 t ,dr4   
,arnold tra9$ a ho/ ( manly & noble     
*>act]s1 :o spread ! influ5ce ( 8       
example 9 all p>ts ( ! _w4  ,s also 0 x 
said ( ,dugald ,/ew>t1 t he brea!d !    
love ( virtue into :ole g5]ations (     
pupils4 ,to me1 says ! late ,"l         
,cockburn1 8 lectures 7 l ! op5+ ( !    
heav5s4 ,i felt t ,i _h a s\l4 ,8 noble 
views1 unfold$ 9 glori\s s5t5ces1       
elevat$ me into a high] _w444 ,!y *ang$ 
my :ole nature4 #abd  ,"* tells 9 all   
conditions ( life4 ,! man ( good "* 9 a 
work%op w give ! tone to 8 fell[s1 &    
elevate _! entire aspirations4 ,?us     
,frankl91 :ile a workman 9 ,london1 is  
said to h re=m$ ! mann]s ( an entire    
work%op4 ,s ! man ( bad "* & debas$     
en]gy w unconsci\sly l[] & degrade 8    
fell[s4 ,capta9 ,john ,br[n--! m>*+-on  
,br[n--once said to ,em]son1 t = a      
settl] 9 a new c\ntry1 "o good believ+  

man is wor? a hundr$1 nay1 wor? a ?\s&  
m5 )\t "*4 ,8 example is s contagi\s1 t 
all o!r m5 are directly & b5eficially   
influ5c$ by him1 & he ins5sibly elevates
 & lifts !m up to 8 own /&>d ( en]getic 
activity4  ,communication ) ! good is   
inv>iably productive ( good4 ,! good "* 
is diffusive 9 8 influ5ce4 ,i 0 common  
clay till roses 7 plant$ 9 me1 says "s  
aromatic e>? 9 ! ,ea/]n fable4 ,l begets
 l1 & good makes good4 ,x is a/oni%+1   
says ,canon ,moseley1 h[ mu* good       
goodness makes4 ,no?+ t is good is      
alone1 nor any?+ bad2 x makes o!rs good 
or o!rs bad--& t o!r1 & s on3 l a /one  
?r[n into a pond1 :i* makes circles t   
make o!r wid] ones1 & !n o!rs1 till !   
la/ rea*es ! %ore4444 ,almo/ all ! good 
t is 9 ! _w has1 ,i suppose1 ?us come   
d[n to u traditionally f remote times1 &
 (t5 unkn[n c5tres ( good4 #abe ,s ,mr4 
,rusk9 says1 ,t :i* is born ( evil      
begets evil2 & t :i* is born ( val\r &  
hon\r1 tea*es val\r & hon\r4  ,h5ce x is
 t ! life ( e man is a daily inculcation

 ( good or bad example to o!rs4 ,! life 
( a good man is at ! same "t ! mo/      
eloqu5t lesson ( virtue & ! mo/ sev]e   
repro( ( vice4 ,dr4 ,hook] describ$ !   
life ( a pi\s cl]gyman ( 8 acqua9tance z
 visible rhetoric1 conv9c+ ev5 ! mo/    
godless ( ! beauty ( goodness4 ,& s !   
good ,george ,h]b]t said1 on ent]+ ^u ! 
duties ( 8 p>i%3 ,above all1 ,i w be    
sure to live well1 because ! virtu\s    
life ( a cl]gyman is ! mo/ p[]ful       
eloqu5ce1 to p]suade all :o see x to    
rev]5ce & love1 &--at lea/ to desire to 
live l him4 ,& ?is ,i w d1 he add$1     
because ,i "k we live 9 an age t ha? m  
ne$ ( good examples ?an precepts4 ,x 0 a
 f9e say+ ( ! same good prie/1 :5       
reproa*$ ) do+ an act ( k9dness to a    
poor man1 consid]$ b5ea? ! dignity ( 8  
(fice1--t ! ?\ght ( su* actions w\ld    
prove music to him at midnight4 #abf    
,izaak ,walton speaks ( a lett] writt5  
by ,george ,h]b]t to ,bi%op ,&rewes1    
ab\t a holy life1 :i* ! latt] put into 8
 bosom1 & aft] %[+ x to 8 s*ol>s1 did   

always return x to ! place :]e he fir/  
lodg$ x1 & cont9u$ x s1 ne> 8 he>t1 till
 ! la/ day ( 8 life4  ,great is ! p[] ( 
goodness to *>m & to comm&4 ,! man      
inspir$ by x is ! true k+ ( m51 draw+   
all he>ts aft] him4 ,:5 ,g5]al ,ni*olson
 lay w\nd$ on 8 dea?b$ be=e ,delhi1 he  
dictat$ ?is la/ message to 8 equally    
noble & gallant fri5d1 ,sir ,h]b]t      
,edw>des3--,tell him1 said he1 ,i %\ld h
 be5 a bett] man if ,i _h cont9u$ to    
live ) him1 & our heavy public duties _h
 n prev5t$ my see+ m ( him privately4 ,i
 0 always ! bett] = a resid5ce ) him & 8
 wife1 h[ev] %ort4 ,give my love to !m  
bo?6  ,!re are m5 9 ^: pres5ce we feel z
 if we brea!d a spiritual ozone1 refre%+
 & invigorat+1 l inhal+ m\nta9 air1 or  
enjoy+ a ba? ( sun%9e4 ,! p[] ( ,sir    
,?omas ,m's g5tle nature 0 s great t x  
subdu$ ! bad at ! same "t t x inspir$ ! 
good4 ,"l ,brooke said ( 8 deceas$      
fri5d1 ,sir ,philip ,sidney1 t 8 wit &  
und]/&+ beat ^u 8 he>t1 to make himself 
& o!rs1 n 9 ^w or op9ion1 b 9 life &    

action1 good & great4  ,! v sight ( a   
great & good man is (t5 an inspiration  
to ! "y1 :o _c help admir+ & lov+ !     
g5tle1 ! brave1 ! tru?ful1 ! magnanim\s6
 ,*ateaubri& saw ,wa%+ton only once1 b x
 inspir$ him = life4 ,aft] describ+ !   
int]view1 he says3 ,wa%+ton sank into ! 
tomb be=e any little celebrity _h atta*$
 to my "n4 ,i pass$ be=e him z ! mo/    
unkn[n ( be+s4 ,he 0 9 all 8 glory--,i 9
 ! dep? ( my obscurity4 ,my "n probably 
dwelt n a :ole day 9 8 memory4 ,happy1  
h[ev]1 0 ,i t 8 looks 7 ca/ ^u me4 ,i h 
felt w>m$ = x all ! re/ ( my life4 ,!re 
is a virtue ev5 9 ! looks ( a great man4
  ,:5 ,niebuhr di$1 8 fri5d1 ,fr$]ick   
,p]!s1 said ( him3 ,:at a contempor>y6  
,! t]ror ( all bad & base m51 ! /ay (   
all ! /]l+ & hone/1 ! fri5d & help] (   
y\?4 ,p]!s said on ano!r occasion3 ,x   
does a wre/l+ man good to be con/antly  
surr\nd$ by tri$ wre/l]s2 evil ?\ghts   
are put to flight :5 ! eye falls on !   
portrait ( "o 9 ^: liv+ pres5ce "o w\ld 
h blu%$ to own !m4 ,a ,ca?olic          

money-l5d]1 :5 ab\t to *eat1 0 wont to  
draw a veil ov] ! picture ( 8 fav\rite  
sa9t4 ,s ,hazlitt has said ( ! portrait 
( a beautiful female1 t x seem$ z if an 
unh&some action w\ld be impossible 9 its
 pres5ce4 ,x does "o good to look ^u 8  
manly hone/ face1 said a poor ,g]man    
woman1 po9t+ to a portrait ( ! great    
,re=m] hung ^u ! wall ( h] humble       
dwell+4  ,ev5 ! portrait ( a noble or a 
good man1 hung up 9 a room1 is          
companion%ip aft] a sort4 ,x gives u a  
clos] p]sonal int]e/ 9 him4 ,look+ at ! 
features1 we feel z if we knew him      
bett]1 & 7 m ne>ly relat$ to him4 ,x is 
a l9k t connects u ) a high] & bett]    
nature ?an our own4 ,& ?\gh we may be f>
 f rea*+ ! /&>d ( our h]o1 we are1 to a 
c]ta9 ext5t1 su/a9$ & =tifi$ by 8       
depict$ pres5ce con/antly be=e u4  ,fox 
0 pr\d to ackn[l$ge h[ mu* he ow$ to !  
example & conv]sation ( ,burke4 ,on "o  
occasion he said ( him1 t if he 0 to put
 all ! political in=mation he _h ga9$ f 
books1 all t he _h le>n$ f sci5ce1 or t 

! k ( ! _w & its affairs taught him1    
into "o scale1 & ! improvem5t he _h     
d]iv$ f ,mr4 ,burke's conv]sation &     
in/ruction into ! o!r1 ! latt] w\ld     
prepond]ate4  ,pr(essor ,tyndall speaks 
( ,f>aday's fri5d%ip z en]gy &          
inspiration4 ,aft] sp5d+ an ev5+ ) him  
he wrote3 ,8 "w excites admiration1 b   
contact ) him w>ms & elevates ! he>t4   
,"h1 surely1 is a /rong man4 ,i love    
/r5g?1 b let me n =get ! example ( its  
union ) mode/y1 t5d]ness1 & sweetness1 9
 ! "* ( ,f>aday4  ,ev5 ! g5tle/ natures 
are p[]ful to influ5ce ! "* ( o!rs =    
good4 ,?us ,wordswor? seems to h be5    
especially impress$ by ! "* ( 8 si/]    
,doro?y1 :o ex]cis$ ^u 8 m9d & he>t a   
la/+ influ5ce4 ,he describes h] z !     
bless+ ( 8 boyhood z well z ( 8 manhood4
 ,?\gh two ye>s y\ng] ?an himself1 h]   
t5d]ness & sweetness contribut$ greatly 
to m\ld 8 nature1 & op5 8 m9d to !      
influ5ces ( poetry3          ,%e gave me
 eyes1 %e gave me e>s1          ,&      
humble c>es1 & delicate fe>s2           

,a he>t1 ! f\nta9 ( sweet te>s1         
,& love & ?\ght & joy4  ,?us ! g5tle/   
natures are enabl$1 by ! p[] ( affection
 & intellig5ce1 to m\ld ! *>act]s ( m5  
de/9$ to influ5ce & elevate _! race     
?r\gh all "t4  ,sir ,william ,napi]     
attribut$ ! e>ly direction ( 8 "*1 fir/ 
to ! impress made ^u x by 8 "m1 :5 a    
boy2 & aft]w>ds to ! noble example ( 8  
comm&]1 ,sir ,john ,moore1 :5 a man4    
,moore e>ly detect$ ! qualities ( ! "y  
(fic]2 & he 0 "o ( ^? to :om ! ,g5]al   
address$ ! enc\ragem5t1 ,well done1 my  
majors6 at ,corunna4 ,writ+ home to 8   
"m1 & describ+ ! little c\rt by :i*     
,moore 0 surr\nd$1 he wrote1 ,:]e %all  
we f9d su* a k+8 ,x 0 to 8 p]sonal      
affection = 8 *ief t ! _w is ma9ly      
indebt$ to ,sir ,william ,napi] = 8     
great book1 ',! ,hi/ory ( ! ,p59sul>    
,w>4' ,b he 0 /imulat$ to write ! book  
by ! advice ( ano!r fri5d1 ! late ,"l   
,langdale1 :ile "o day walk+ ) him      
across ! fields on :i* ,belgravia is n[ 
built4 ,x 0 ,"l ,langdale1 he says1 :o  

fir/ k9dl$ ! fire )9 me4 ,& ( ,sir      
,william ,napi] himself1 8 biograph]    
truly says1 t no ?9k+ p]son c\ld ev]    
come 9 contact ) him )\t be+ /rongly    
impress$ ) ! g5ius ( ! man4  ,! c>e] ( !
 late ,dr4 ,m>%all ,hall 0 a lifelong   
illu/ration ( ! influ5ce ( "* 9 =m+ "*4 
,_m em95t m5 /ill liv+ trace _! success 
9 life to 8 sugge/ions & assi/ance1 )\t 
:i* sev]al valuable l9es ( /udy &       
inve/igation might n h be5 ent]$ on1 at 
lea/ at s e>ly a p]iod4 ,he w\ld say to 
"y m5 ab\t him1 ,take up a subject &    
pursue x well1 & y _c fail to succe$4 ,&
 (t5 he w\ld ?r[ out a new idea to a "y 
fri5d1 say+1 ,i make y a pres5t ( x2 !re
 is =tune 9 x1 if y pursue x ) en]gy4   
,en]gy ( "* has always a p[] to evoke   
en]gy 9 o!rs4 ,x acts ?r\gh sympa?y1 "o 
( ! mo/ influ5tial ( human ag5cies4 ,!  
zeal\s en]getic man unconsci\sly c>ries 
o!rs along ) him4 ,8 example is         
contagi\s1 & compels imitation4 ,he     
ex]cises a sort ( electric p[]1 :i* s5ds
 a ?rill ?r\gh e fibre--fl[s into !     

nature ( ^? ab\t him1 & makes !m give   
out sp>ks ( fire4  ,dr4 ,arnold's       
biograph]1 speak+ ( ! p[] ( ?is k9d     
ex]cis$ by him ov] "y m51 says3 ,x 0 n s
 mu* an en?usia/ic admiration = true    
g5ius1 or le>n+1 or eloqu5ce1 :i* /irr$ 
)9 !m2 x 0 a sympa!tic ?rill1 caught f a
 _s t 0 e>ne/ly at "w 9 ! _w--^: "w 0   
heal?y1 su/a9$1 & con/antly c>ri$ =w>d 9
 ! fe> ( ,god--a "w t 0 f\nd$ on a deep 
s5se ( its duty & its value4 #abg  ,su* 
a p[]1 ex]cis$ by m5 ( g5ius1 evokes    
c\rage1 en?usiasm1 & devotion4 ,x is ?is
 int5se admiration = individuals--su* z 
"o _c conceive ent]ta9$ = a             
multitude--:i* has 9 all times produc$  
h]oes & m>tyrs4 ,x is ?us t ! ma/]y ( "*
 makes itself felt4 ,x acts by          
inspiration1 quick5+ & vivify+ ! natures
 subject to its influ5ce4  ,great m9ds  
are ri* 9 radiat+ =ce1 n only ex]t+ p[]1
 b communicat+ & ev5 creat+ x4 ,?us     
,dante rais$ & drew aft] him a ho/ (    
great spirits--,petr>*1 ,boccacio1      
,tasso1 & _m m4 ,f him ,milton le>nt to 

be> ! /+s ( evil tongues & ! contumely (
 evil days2 & long ye>s aft]1 ,byron1   
?9k+ ( ,dante "u ! p9e-trees ( ,rav5na1 
0 incit$ to attune 8 h>p to l(ti] /ra9s 
?an he _h ev] attempt$ be=e4 ,dante     
inspir$ ! greate/ pa9t]s (              
,italy--,giotto1 ,orcagna1 ,mi*ael      
,angelo1 & ,raphael4 ,s ,ario/o &       
,titian mutually inspir$ "o ano!r1 &    
light$ up ea* o!r's glory4  ,great &    
good m5 draw o!rs aft] !m1 excit+ !     
spontane\s admiration ( mank9d4 ,?is    
admiration ( noble "* elevates ! m9d1 & 
t5ds to r$eem x f ! bondage ( self1 "o (
 ! greate/ /umbl+ blocks to moral       
improvem5t4 ,! recollection ( m5 :o h   
signalis$ !mselves by great ?\ghts or   
great de$s1 seems z if to create = ! "t 
a pur] atmosph]e ar\nd u3 & we feel z if
 our aims & purposes 7 unconsci\sly     
elevat$4  ,tell me :om y admire1 said   
,sa9te-,beuve1 & ,i w tell y :at y are1 
at lea/ z reg>ds y\r tal5ts1 ta/es1 &   
"*4 ,d y admire mean m58--y\r own nature
 is mean4 ,d y admire ri* m58--y are ( !

 e>?1 e>?y4 ,d y admire m5 ( title8--y  
are a toad-eat]1 or a tuft-hunt]4 #abh  
,d y admire hone/1 brave1 & manly m58--y
 are y\rself ( an hone/1 brave1 & manly 
_s4  ,x is 9 ! season ( y\?1 :ile ! "*  
is =m+1 t ! impulse to admire is !      
greate/4 ,z we advance 9 life1 we       
cry/allize into habit2 & ,,nil ,,admir>i
 too (t5 becomes our motto4 ,x is well  
to enc\rage ! admiration ( great *>act]s
 :ile ! nature is pla/ic & op5 to       
impressions2 = if ! good are n admir$--z
 "y m5 w h _! h]oes ( "s sort--mo/      
probably ! great bad may be tak5 by !m =
 models4 ,h5ce x always rejoic$ ,dr4    
,arnold to he> 8 pupils express+        
admiration ( great de$s1 or full (      
en?usiasm = p]sons or ev5 sc5]y4 ,i     
believe1 said he1 t ',,nil ,,admir>i' is
 ! devil's fav\rite text2 & he c\ld n   
*oose a bett] to introduce 8 pupils into
 ! m esot]ic p>ts ( 8 doctr9e4 ,&1      
!re=e1 ,i h always look$ ^u a man       
infect$ ) ! disord] ( anti-romance z "o 
:o has lo/ ! f9e/ "p ( 8 nature1 & 8 be/

 protection aga9/ ev]y?+ l[ & fooli%4   
#abi  ,x 0 a f9e trait 9 ! "* ( ,pr9ce  
,alb]t t he 0 always s ready to express 
g5]\s admiration ( ! good de$s ( o!rs4  
,he _h ! greate/ delight1 says ! able/  
del9eator ( 8 "*1 9 anybody else say+ a 
f9e say+1 or do+ a great de$4 ,he w\ld  
rejoice ov] x1 & talk ab\t x = days2 &  
:e!r x 0 a ?+ nobly said or done by a   
little *ild1 or by a vet]an /atesman1 x 
gave him equal pleasure4 ,he delight$ 9 
humanity do+ well on any occasion & 9   
any mann]4 #abaj  ,no quality1 said ,dr4
 ,johnson1 w get a man m fri5ds ?an a   
s9c]e admiration ( ! qualities ( o!rs4  
,x indicates g5]osity ( nature1         
frankness1 cordiality1 & *e]ful         
recognition ( m]it4 ,x 0 to ! s9c]e--x  
might almo/ be said !                   
rev]5tial--admiration ( ,johnson by     
,boswell1 t we owe "o ( ! be/           
biographies ev] writt54 ,"o is dispos$  
to ?9k t !re mu/ h be5 "s g5u9e good    
qualities 9 ,boswell to h be5 attract$  
by su* a man z ,johnson1 & to h kept    

fai?ful to 8 wor%ip 9 spite ( rebuffs & 
snubb+s innum]able4 ,macaulay speaks (  
,boswell z an altoge!r contemptible     
p]son--z a coxcomb & a bore--weak1 va91 
pu%+1 curi\s1 g>rul\s2 & )\t wit1 hum\r1
 or eloqu5ce4 ,b ,c>lyle is d\btless m j
 9 8 *>act]isation ( ! biograph]1 9     
:om--va9 & fooli% ?\gh he 0 9 _m        
respects--he sees a man p5etrat$ by !   
old rev]5t feel+ ( disciple%ip1 full (  
love & admiration = true wisdom &       
excell5ce4 ,)\t su* qualities1 ,c>lyle  
insi/s1 ! ',life ( ,johnson' nev] c\ld h
 be5 writt54 ,boswell wrote a good book1
 he says1 because he _h a he>t & an eye 
to disc]n wisdom1 & an utt]ance to r5d] 
x =?2 because ( 8 free insight1 8 lively
 tal5t1 &1 above all1 ( 8 love &        
*ildlike op5m9d$ness4  ,mo/ "y m5 (     
g5]\s m9d h _! h]oes1 especially if !y  
be book-read]s4 ,?us ,allan ,cunn+ham1  
:5 a mason's appr5tice 9 ,ni?sdale1     
walk$ all ! way to ,ed9burgh = ! sole   
purpose ( see+ ,sir ,walt] ,scott z he  
pass$ along ! /reet4 ,we unconsci\sly   

admire ! en?usiasm ( ! lad1 & respect ! 
impulse :i* impell$ him to make !       
j\rney4 ,x is relat$ ( ,sir ,jo%ua      
,reynolds1 t :5 a boy ( t51 he ?ru/ 8 h&
 ?r\gh int]v5+ r[s ( p to t\* ,pope1 z  
if !re 7 a sort ( virtue 9 ! contact4   
,at a mu* lat] p]iod1 ! pa9t] ,haydon 0 
pr\d to see & to t\* ,reynolds :5 on a  
visit to 8 native place4 ,rog]s ! poet  
us$ to tell ( 8 ard5t desire1 :5 a boy1 
to see ,dr4 ,johnson2 b :5 8 h& 0 on !  
knock] ( ! h\se 9 ,bolt ,c\rt1 8 c\rage 
fail$ him1 & he turn$ away4 ,s ! late   
,isaac ,disraeli1 :5 a y\?1 call$ at    
,bolt ,c\rt = ! same purpose2 & ?\gh he 
,,_h ! c\rage to knock1 to 8 dismay he 0
 in=m$ by ! s]vant t ! great            
lexicograph] _h brea!d 8 la/ only a few 
h\rs be=e4  ,on ! contr>y1 small &      
ung5]\s m9ds _c admire he>tily4 ,to _!  
own great mis=tune1 !y _c recognise1 mu*
 less rev]5ce1 great m5 & great ?+s4 ,! 
mean nature admires meanly4 ,! toad's   
highe/ idea ( beauty is 8 toadess4 ,!   
small snob's highe/ idea ( manhood is ! 

great snob4 ,! slave-deal] values a man 
accord+ to 8 muscles4 ,:5 a ,gu9ea trad]
 0 told by ,sir ,godfrey ,knell]1 9 !   
pres5ce ( ,pope1 t he saw be=e him two (
 ! greate/ m5 9 ! _w1 he repli$3 ,i     
don't "k h[ great y may be1 b ,i don't l
 y\r looks4 ,i h (t5 b\ght a man mu*    
bett] ?an bo? ( y toge!r1 all bones &   
muscles1 = t5 gu9eas6  ,al?\gh          
,ro*ef\cauld1 9 "o ( 8 maxims1 says t   
!re is some?+ t is n altoge!r           
disagreeable to u 9 ! mis=tunes ( ev5   
our be/ fri5ds1 x is only ! small &     
ess5tially mean nature t f9ds pleasure 9
 ! disappo9tm5t1 & annoyance at !       
success ( o!rs4 ,!re are1 unhappily1 =  
!mselves1 p]sons s con/itut$ t !y h n ! 
he>t to be g5]\s4 ,! mo/ disagreeable ( 
all p are ^? :o sit 9 ! seat ( ! scorn]4
 ,p]sons ( ?is sort (t5 come to reg>d ! 
success ( o!rs1 ev5 9 a good "w1 z a k9d
 ( p]sonal (f5ce4 ,!y _c be> to he>     
ano!r prais$1 especially if he belong to
 _! own art1 or call+1 or pr(ession4 ,!y
 w p>don a man's failures1 b _c =give 8 

do+ a ?+ bett] ?an !y c d4 ,& :]e !y h  
!mselves fail$1 !y are f\nd to be ! mo/ 
m]ciless ( detractors4 ,! s\r critic    
?9ks ( 8 rival3      ,:5 ,heav5 ) su*   
p>ts has ble/ him1     ,h ,i n reason to
 dete/ him8  ,! mean m9d occupies itself
 ) sne]+1 c>p+1 & fault-f9d+2 & is ready
 to sc(f at ev]y?+ b impud5t effront]y  
or successful vice4 ,! greate/          
consolation ( su* p]sons are ! defects (
 m5 ( "*4 ,if ! wise err$ n1 says       
,george ,h]b]t1 x w\ld g h>d ) fools4   
,yet1 ?\gh wise m5 may le>n ( fools by  
avoid+ _! errors1 fools r>ely pr(it by !
 example :i*1 wise m5 set !m4 ,a ,g]man 
writ] has said t x is a mis]able temp] t
 c>es only to discov] ! blemi%es 9 ! "* 
( great m5 or great p]iods4 ,let u r    
judge !m ) ! *>ity ( ,bol+broke1 :o1 :5 
rem9d$ ( "o ( ! alleg$ weaknesses (     
,m>lbor\gh1 obs]v$1--,he 0 s great a man
 t ,i =got he _h t defect4  ,admiration 
( great m51 liv+ or dead1 naturally     
evokes imitation ( !m 9 a great] or less
 degree4 ,:ile a m]e y\?1 ! m9d (       

,!mi/ocles 0 fir$ by ! great de$s ( 8   
contempor>ies1 & he long$ to di/+ui%    
himself 9 ! s]vice ( 8 c\ntry4 ,:5 !    
,battle ( ,m>a?on _h be5 f\ght1 he fell 
into a /ate ( melan*oly2 & :5 ask$ by 8 
fri5ds z to ! cause1 he repli$ t !      
trophies ( ,miltiades w\ld n suff] him  
to sleep4 ,a few ye>s lat]1 we f9d him  
at ! head ( ! ,a!nian army1 defeat+ !   
,p]sian fleet ( ,x]xes 9 ! battles (    
,artemisium & ,salamis1--8 c\ntry       
gratefully ackn[l$g+ t x _h be5 sav$    
?r\gh 8 wisdom & val\r4  ,x is relat$ ( 
,?ucydides t1 :5 a boy1 he bur/ into    
te>s on he>+ ,h]odotus read 8 ,hi/ory1 &
 ! impression made ^u 8 m9d 0 su* z to  
det]m9e ! b5t ( 8 own g5ius4 ,&         
,demo/h5es 0 s fir$ on "o occasion by ! 
eloqu5ce ( ,calli/ratus1 t ! ambition 0 
r\s$ )9 him ( becom+ an orator himself4 
,yet ,demo/h5es 0 physically weak1 _h a 
feeble voice1 indi/9ct articulation1 &  
%ortness ( brea?--defects :i* he 0 only 
enabl$ to ov]come by dilig5t /udy &     
inv9cible det]m9ation4 ,b1 ) all 8      

practice1 he nev] became a ready speak]2
 all 8 orations1 especially ! mo/ fam\s 
( !m1 exhibit+ indications ( c>eful     
elaboration1--! art & indu/ry ( ! orator
 be+ visible 9 almo/ e s5t5ce4  ,simil> 
illu/rations ( "* imitat+ "*1 & m\ld+   
itself by ! /yle & mann] & g5ius ( great
 m51 are to be f\nd p]vad+ all hi/ory4  
,w>riors1 /atesm51 orators1 patriots1   
poets1 & arti/s--all h be51 m or less   
unconsci\sly1 nurtur$ by ! lives &      
actions ( o!rs liv+ be=e !m or pres5t$ =
 _! imitation4  ,great m5 h evok$ !     
admiration ( k+s1 popes1 & emp]ors4     
,francis de ,m$icis nev] spoke to       
,mi*ael ,angelo )\t uncov]+1 & ,julius  
,,iii4 made him sit by 8 side :ile a    
doz5 c>d9als 7 /&+4 ,*>les ,v4 made way 
= ,titian2 & "o day1 :5 ! bru% dropp$ f 
! pa9t]'s h&1 ,*>les /oop$ & pick$ x up1
 say+1 ,y des]ve to be s]v$ by an       
emp]or4 ,leo ,x4 ?reat5$ )              
excommunication :oev] %\ld pr9t & sell !
 poems ( ,ario/o )\t ! au?or's cons5t4  
,! same pope att5d$ ! dea?b$ ( ,raphael1

 z ,francis ,i4 did t ( ,leon>do da     
,v9ci4  ,?\gh ,haydn once ar*ly obs]v$ t
 he 0 lov$ & e/eem$ by ev]ybody except  
pr(essors ( music1 yet all ! greate/    
musicians 7 unusually ready to recognise
 ea* o!r's greatness4 ,haydn himself    
seems to h be5 entirely free f petty    
jeal\sy4 ,8 admiration ( ! fam\s        
,porpora 0 su*1 t he resolv$ to ga9     
admission to 8 h\se1 & s]ve him z a     
valet4 ,hav+ made ! acqua9tance ( !     
family ) :om ,porpora liv$1 he 0 all[$  
to (ficiate 9 t capacity4 ,e>ly ea*     
morn+ he took c>e to bru% ! vet]an's    
coat1 poli% 8 %oes1 & put 8 ru/y wig 9  
ord]4 ,at fir/ ,porpora gr[l$ at !      
intrud]1 b 8 asp]ity soon s(t5$1 &      
ev5tually melt$ into affection4 ,he     
quickly discov]$ 8 valet's g5ius1 &1 by 
8 in/ructions1 direct$ x into ! l9e 9   
:i* ,haydn ev5tually acquir$ s mu*      
di/9ction4  ,haydn himself 0 en?usia/ic 
9 8 admiration ( ,h&el4 ,he is ! fa!r ( 
u all1 he said on "o occasion4 ,sc>latti
 foll[$ ,h&el 9 admiration all ov]      

,italy1 &1 :5 8 "n 0 m5tion$1 he cross$ 
himself 9 tok5 ( v5]ation4 ,moz>t's     
recognition ( ! great compos] 0 n less  
he>ty4 ,:5 he *ooses1 said he1 ,h&el    
/rikes l ! ?und]bolt4 ,bee?ov5 hail$ him
 z ,! mon>* ( ! musical k+dom4 ,:5      
,bee?ov5 0 dy+1 "o ( 8 fri5ds s5t him a 
pres5t ( ,h&el's works1 9 =ty volumes4  
,!y 7 br\ght into 8 *amb]1 &1 gaz+ on !m
 ) reanimat$ eye1 he exclaim$1 po9t+ at 
!m ) 8 f+]1 ,!re--!re is ! tru?6  ,haydn
 n only recognis$ ! g5ius ( ! great m5  
:o _h pass$ away1 b ( 8 "y              
contempor>ies1 ,moz>t & ,bee?ov54 ,small
 m5 may be envi\s ( _! fell[s1 b really 
great m5 seek out & love ea* o!r4 ,(    
,moz>t1 ,haydn wrote ,i only wi% ,i c\ld
 impress on e fri5d ( music1 & on great 
m5 9 p>ticul>1 ! same dep? ( musical    
sympa?y1 & pr(\nd appreciation (        
,moz>t's inimitable music1 t ,i myself  
feel & enjoy2 !n nations w\ld vie ) ea* 
o!r to possess su* a jewel )9 _!        
fronti]s4 ,prague ought n only to /rive 
to reta9 ?is preci\s man1 b also to     

remun]ate him2 = )\t ?is ! hi/ory ( a   
great g5ius is sad inde$4444 ,x enrages 
me to ?9k t ! unp>allel$ ,moz>t is n yet
 engag$ by "s imp]ial or royal c\rt4    
,=give my excitem5t2 b ,i love ! man s  
de>ly6  ,moz>t 0 equally g5]\s 9 8      
recognition ( ! m]its ( ,haydn4 ,sir1   
said he to a critic1 speak+ ( ! latt]1  
if y & ,i 7 bo? melt$ d[n toge!r1 we    
%\ld n furni% mat]ials = "o ,haydn4 ,&  
:5 ,moz>t fir/ he>d ,bee?ov51 he obs]v$3
 ,li/5 to t "y man2 be assur$ t he w yet
 make a great "n 9 ! _w4  ,buffon set   
,newton above all o!r philosoph]s1 &    
admir$ him s highly t he _h always 8    
portrait be=e him :ile he sat at "w4 ,s 
,s*ill] look$ up to ,%akspe>e1 :om he   
/udi$ rev]5tly & zeal\sly = ye>s1 until 
he became capable ( compreh5d+ nature at
 fir/-h&1 & !n 8 admiration became ev5 m
 ard5t ?an be=e4  ,pitt 0 ,cann+'s ma/] 
& h]o1 :om he foll[$ & admir$ ) atta*m5t
 & devotion4 ,to "o man1 :ile he liv$1  
said ,cann+1 ,i 0 devot$ ) all my he>t &
 all my s\l4 ,s9ce ! dea? ( ,mr4 ,pitt  

,i ackn[l$ge no lead]2 my political     
allegiance lies buri$ 9 8 grave4 #abaa  
,a ,fr5* physiologi/1 ,m4 ,r\x1 0       
occupi$ "o day 9 lectur+ to 8 pupils1 :5
 ,sir ,*>les ,bell1 ^: discov]ies 7 ev5 
bett] kn[n & m highly appreciat$ abroad 
?an at home1 /roll$ into 8 class-room4  
,! pr(essor1 recognis+ 8 visitor1 at    
once /opp$ 8 exposition1 say+3          
,,messieurs1 ,c',,e/ ,,assez ,,p\r      
,,auj\rd',,hui1 ,,v\s ,,avez ,,vu ,,sir 
,,*>les ,,bell6  ,! fir/ acqua9tance ) a
 great "w ( art has usually prov$ an    
important ev5t 9 e "y arti/'s life4 ,:5 
,correggio fir/ gaz$ on ,raphael's      
',sa9t ,cecilia1' he felt )9 himself an 
awak5$ p[]1 & exclaim$1 ,& ,i too am a  
pa9t] ,s ,con/able us$ to look back on 8
 fir/ sight ( ,claude's picture (       
',hag>1' z =m+ an epo* 9 8 c>e]4 ,sir   
,george ,beaumont's admiration ( ! same 
picture 0 su* t he always took x ) him 9
 8 c>riage :5 he travell$ f home4  ,!   
examples set by ! great & good d n die2 
!y cont9ue to live & speak to all !     

g5]ations t succe$ !m4 ,x 0 v           
impressively obs]v$ by ,mr4 ,disraeli1 9
 ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 %ortly aft] ! dea? 
( ,mr4 ,cobd53--,!re is ?is consolation 
rema9+ to u1 :5 we rememb] our unequall$
 & irrep>able losses1 t ^? great m5 are 
n altoge!r lo/ to u--t _! words w (t5 be
 quot$ 9 ?is ,h\se--t _! examples w (t5 
be ref]r$ to & appeal$ to1 & t ev5 _!   
expressions w =m "p ( our discussions & 
debates4 ,!re are n[1 ,i may say1 "s    
memb]s ( ,p>liam5t :o1 ?\gh !y may n be 
pres5t1 are /ill memb]s ( ?is ,h\se--:o 
are indep5d5t ( dissolutions1 ( !       
caprices ( con/itu5cies1 & ev5 ( ! c\rse
 ( "t4 ,i ?9k t ,mr4 ,cobd5 0 "o ( ^?   
m54  ,x is ! great lesson ( biography to
 tea* :at man c be & c d at 8 be/4 ,x   
may ?us give ea* man r5ew$ /r5g? &      
confid5ce4 ,! humble/1 9 sight ( ev5 !  
greate/1 may admire1 & hope1 & take     
c\rage4 ,^! great bro!rs ( ours 9 blood 
& l9eage1 :o live a univ]sal life1 /ill 
speak to u f _! graves1 & beckon u on 9 
! pa?s :i* !y h trod4 ,_! example is    

/ill ) u1 to guide1 to influ5ce1 & to   
direct u4 ,= nobility ( "* is a p]petual
 beque/2 liv+ f age to age1 & con/antly 
t5d+ to reproduce its l4  ,! sage1 say !
 ,*9ese1 is ! in/ructor ( a hundr$ ages4
 ,:5 ! mann]s ( ,loo are he>d (1 ! /upid
 become intellig5t1 & ! wav]+ det]m9$4  
,?us ! act$ life ( a good man cont9ues  
to be a gospel ( fre$om & emancipation  
to all :o succe$ him3            ,to    
live 9 he>ts we leave beh9d1            
is n to die4  ,! gold5 words t good m5 h
 utt]$1 ! examples !y h set1 live ?r\gh 
all "t3 !y pass into ! ?\ghts & he>ts ( 
_! successors1 help !m on ! road ( life1
 & (t5 console !m 9 ! h\r ( dea?4 ,& !  
mo/ mis]able or mo/ pa9ful ( dea?s1 said
 ,h5ry ,m>t51 ! ,commonweal? man1 :o di$
 9 prison1 is z no?+ comp>$ ) ! memory (
 a well-sp5t life2 & great alone is he  
:o has e>n$ ! glori\s privilege (       
bequea?+ su* a lesson & example to 8    
successors6     ,,*apt] ,,iv4--,,"w4    
,arise !re=e1 & be do+1 & ! ,"l be ) !e4
      --l ,,*ronicles xxii4 #af4        

,"w z if ?\ had/ to live = aye2         
,wor%ip z if ?\ w]t to die              
to-day4--,,tuscan ,,prov]b4             
,c'e/ p> le travail qu'on regne4--,,l\is
 ,,xiv         ,ble/ "w6 if ev] ?\ w]t  
curse ( ,god1         ,:at mu/ ,8 bless+
 be6--,j4 ,b4 ,,selkirk4       ,let e   
man be ,,occupi$1 & occupi$ 9 ! highe/  
employm5t ( :i* 8 nature is capable1 &  
die ) !      consci\sness t he has done 
8 be/--,sydney ,smi?4   ,,"w is "o ( !  
be/ educators ( practical "*4 ,x evokes 
& discipl9es ob$i5ce1 self-control1     
att5tion1 application1 & p]sev]ance2    
giv+ a man deftness & skill 9 8 special 
call+1 & aptitude & dext]ity 9 deal+ ) !
 affairs ( ord9>y life4  ,"w is ! law ( 
our be+--! liv+ pr9ciple t c>ries m5 &  
nations onw>d4 ,! great] numb] ( m5 h to
 "w ) _! h&s1 z a matt] ( necessity1 9  
ord] to live2 b all mu/ "w 9 "o way or  
ano!r1 if !y w\ld enjoy life z x ought  
to be enjoy$4  ,lab\r may be a burd5 & a
 *a/isem5t1 b x is also an hon\r & a    
glory4 ,)\t x1 no?+ c be accompli%$4    

,all t is great 9 man comes ?r\gh "w2 & 
civilisation is its product4 ,7 lab\r   
aboli%$1 ! race ( ,adam 7 at once /rick5
 by moral dea?4  ,x is idl5ess t is !   
curse ( man--n lab\r4 ,idl5ess eats !   
he>t out ( m5 z ( nations1 & consumes !m
 z ru/ does iron4 ,:5 ,alex&] conqu]$ ! 
,p]sians1 & _h an opportunity ( obs]v+  
_! mann]s1 he rem>k$ t !y did n seem    
consci\s t !re c\ld be any?+ m s]vile   
?an a life ( pleasure1 or m pr9cely ?an 
a life ( toil4  ,:5 ! ,emp]or ,sev]us   
lay on 8 dea?b$ at ,york1 :i!r he _h be5
 borne on a litt] f ! foot ( !          
,grampians1 8 f9al wat*word to 8 soldi]s
 01 ,,laboremus we mu/ "w2 & no?+ b     
con/ant toil ma9ta9$ ! p[] & ext5d$ !   
au?ority ( ! ,roman g5]als4  ,9 describ+
 ! e>li] social condition ( ,italy1 :5 !
 ord9>y occupations ( rural life 7      
consid]$ compatible ) ! highe/ civic    
dignity1 ,pl9y speaks ( ! triumphant    
g5]als & _! m51 return+ cont5t$ly to !  
pl\gh4 ,9 ^? days ! l&s 7 till$ by ! h&s
 ev5 ( g5]als1 ! soil exult+ b5ea? a    

pl\gh%>e cr[n$ ) laurels1 & guid$ by a  
husb&man grac$ ) triumphs3 ,,ipsorum    
,,tunc ,,manibus ,,imp]atorum           
,,colebantur ,,agri3 ,,ut ,,fas ,,e/    
,,cr$]e1 ,,gaud5te ,,t]ra ,,vom]e       
,,laureato ,,et ,,triumphali ,,aratore4 
#aca ,x 0 only aft] slaves became       
ext5sively employ$ 9 all dep>tm5ts (    
indu/ry t lab\r came to be reg>d$ z     
di%on\rable & s]vile4 ,& s soon z       
indol5ce & luxury became ! *>act]i/ics (
 ! rul+ classes ( ,rome1 ! d[nfall ( !  
empire1 soon] or lat]1 0 inevitable4    
,!re is1 p]haps1 no t5d5cy ( our nature 
t has to be m c>efully gu>d$ aga9/ ?an  
indol5ce4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,gurney ask$ an      
intellig5t =eign] :o _h travell$ ov] !  
great] "p ( ! _w1 :e!r he _h obs]v$ any 
"o quality :i*1 m ?an ano!r1 c\ld be    
reg>d$ z a univ]sal *>act]i/ic ( our    
species1 8 answ] 01 9 brok5 ,engli%1 ,me
 t9k dat all m5 ,,love ,,lazy4 ,x is    
*>act]i/ic ( ! savage z ( ! despot4 ,x  
is natural to m5 to endeav\r to enjoy ! 
products ( lab\r )\t its toils4 ,inde$1 

s univ]sal is ?is desire1 t ,james ,mill
 has argu$ t x 0 to prev5t its indulg5ce
 at ! exp5se ( society at l>ge1 t !     
exp$i5t ( ,gov]nm5t 0 orig9ally inv5t$4 
#acb  ,indol5ce is equally degrad+ to   
individuals z to nations4 ,slo? nev]    
made its m>k 9 ! _w1 & nev] w4 ,slo?    
nev] climb$ a hill1 nor ov]came a       
difficulty t x c\ld avoid4 ,indol5ce    
always fail$ 9 life1 & always w4 ,x is 9
 ! nature ( ?+s t x %\ld n succe$ 9     
any?+4 ,x is a burd51 an incumbrance1 & 
a nuisance--always useless1 compla9+1   
melan*oly1 & mis]able4  ,burton1 9 8    
qua9t & curi\s1 book--! only "o1        
,johnson says1 t ev] took him out ( b$  
two h\rs soon] ?an he wi%$ to           
rise--describes ! causes ( ,melan*oly z 
h+e+ ma9ly on ,idl5ess4 ,idl5ess1 he    
says1 is ! bane ( body & m9d1 ! nurse ( 
naught9ess1 ! *ief "m ( all mis*ief1 "o 
( ! sev5 deadly s9s1 ! devil's cu%ion1 8
 pill[ & *ief reposal4444 ,an idle dog w
 be mangy2 & h[ %all an idle p]son      
escape8 ,idl5ess ( ! m9d is mu* worse   

?an t ( ! body3 wit1 )\t employm5t1 is a
 disease--! ru/ ( ! s\l1 a plague1 a    
hell itself4 ,z 9 a /&+ pool1 worms &   
fil?y creep]s increase1 s d evil &      
corrupt ?\ghts 9 an idle p]son2 ! s\l is
 contam9at$4444 ,?us mu* ,i d>e boldly  
say3 he or %e t is idle1 be !y ( :at    
condition !y w1 nev] s ri*1 s well      
alli$1 =tunate1 happy--let !m h all ?+s 
9 abundance & felicity t he>t c wi% &   
desire1 all cont5tm5t--s long z he1 or  
%e1 or !y1 are idle1 !y %all nev] be    
pleas$1 nev] well 9 body or m9d1 b we>y 
/ill1 sickly /ill1 vex$ /ill1 loa?+     
/ill1 weep+1 sigh+1 griev+1 suspect+1   
(f5d$ ) ! _w1 ) e object1 wi%+ !mselves 
gone or dead1 or else c>ri$ away ) "s   
fooli% phantasie or o!r4 #acc  ,burton  
says a great deal m to ! same effect2 ! 
burd5 & lesson ( 8 book be+ embodi$ 9 ! 
pregnant s5t5ce ) :i* x w9ds up3--,only 
take ?is = a coroll>y & conclusion1 z ?\
 t5d]e/ ?9e own welf>e 9 ?is1 & all o!r 
melan*oly1 ?y good heal? ( body & m9d1  
obs]ve ?is %ort precept1 ,give n way to 

solit>9ess & idl5ess4 ,,be ,,n          
,,solit>y--,,be ,,n ,,idle4 #acd  ,!    
indol5t1 h[ev]1 are n :olly indol5t4    
,?\gh ! body may %irk lab\r1 ! bra9 is n
 idle4 ,if x d n gr[ corn1 x w gr[      
?i/les1 :i* w be f\nd spr++ up all along
 ! idle man's c\rse 9 life4 ,! gho/s (  
indol5ce rise up 9 ! d>k1 ev] />+ !     
recreant 9 ! face1 & torm5t+ him3       
,! gods are j1 & ( our pleasant vices1  
,make in/rum5t to sc\rge u4  ,true      
happ9ess is nev] f\nd 9 torpor ( !      
faculties1 #ace b 9 _! action & useful  
employm5t4 ,x is indol5ce t exhau/s1 n  
action1 9 :i* !re is life1 heal?1 &     
pleasure4 ,! spirits may be exhau/$ &   
we>i$ by employm5t1 b !y are utt]ly wa/$
 by idl5ess4 ,h5se a wise physician 0   
accu/om$ to reg>d occupation z "o ( 8   
mo/ valuable rem$ial measures4 ,no?+ is 
s injuri\s1 said ,dr4 ,m>%all ,hall1 z  
unoccupi$ "t4 ,an ar*bi%op ( ,may5ce us$
 to say t ! human he>t is l a mill/one3 
if y put :eat "u x1 x gr9ds ! :eat into 
fl\r2 if y put no :eat1 x gr9ds on1 b !n

 'tis itself x we>s away4  ,indol5ce is 
usually full ( excuses2 & ! slugg>d1    
?\gh unwill+ to "w1 is (t5 an active    
sophi/4 ,!re is a lion 9 ! pa?2 or ,!   
hill is h>d to climb2 or ,!re is no use 
try+--,i h tri$1 & fail$1 & _c d x4 ,to 
! sophi/ries ( su* an excus]1 ,sir      
,samuel ,romilly once wrote to a "y     
man3--,my attack ^u y\r indol5ce1 loss (
 "t1 c41 0 mo/ s]i\s1 & ,i really ?9k t 
x c be to no?+ b y\r habitual want (    
ex]tion t c be ascrib$ y\r us+ su*      
curi\s argum5ts z y d 9 y\r def5ce4 ,y\r
 !ory is ?is3 ,e man does all ! good t  
he c4 ,if a p>ticul> individual does no 
good1 x is a pro( t he is incapable (   
do+ x4 ,t y don't write proves t y c't2 
& y\r want ( incl9ation demon/rates y\r 
want ( tal5ts4 ,:at an admirable        
sy/em6--& :at b5eficial effects w\ld x  
be att5d$ )1 if x 7 b univ]sally        
receiv$6  ,x has be5 truly said1 t to   
desire to possess1 )\t be+ burd5$ ) !   
tr\ble ( acquir+1 is z mu* a sign (     
weakness1 z to recognise t ev]y?+ wor?  

hav+ is only to be got by pay+ its      
price1 is ! prime secret ( practical    
/r5g?4 ,ev5 leisure _c be enjoy$ unless 
x is won by ef=t4 ,if x h n be5 e>n$ by 
"w1 ! price has n be5 paid = x4 #acf    
,!re mu/ be "w be=e & "w beh9d1 )       
leisure to fall back ^u2 b ! leisure1   
)\t ! "w1 c no m be enjoy$ ?an a        
surfeit4 ,life mu/ ne$s be disgu/+ alike
 to ! idle ri* man z to ! idle poor man1
 :o has no "w to d1 or1 hav+ "w1 w n d  
x4 ,! words f\nd tattoo$ on ! "r arm ( a
 s5tim5tal begg> ( =ty1 und]go+ 8 eigh? 
imprisonm5t 9 ! gaol ( ,b\rges 9        
,france1 might be adopt$ z ! motto ( all
 idl]s3 ,,le ,,passe ,m',a ,,trompe2    
,,le ,,pres5t ,,me ,,t\rm5te2 ,l',,av5ir
 ,m',,ep\vante2--#ac,! pa/ has deceiv$  
me2 ! pres5t torm5ts me2 ! future       
t]rifies me  ,! duty ( indu/ry applies  
to all classes & conditions ( society4  
,all h _! "w to d 9 ! irrespective      
conditions ( life--! ri* z well z !     
poor4 #acg ,! g5tleman by bir? &        
education1 h[ev] ri*ly he may be end[$ )

 worldly possessions1 _c b feel t he is 
9 duty b\nd to contribute 8 quota (     
endeav\r t[>ds ! g5]al wellbe+ 9 :i* he 
%>es4 ,he _c be satisfi$ ) be+ f$1 clad1
 & ma9ta9$ by ! lab\r ( o!rs1 )\t mak+  
"s suitable return to ! society t       
upholds him4 ,an hone/ highm9d$ man w\ld
 revolt at ! idea ( sitt+ d[n to &      
enjoy+ a fea/1 & !n go+ away )\t pay+ 8 
%>e ( ! reckon+4 ,to be idle & useless  
is nei!r an hon\r nor a privilege2 &    
?\gh p]sons ( small natures may be      
cont5t m]ely to consume--,,fruges       
,,consum]e ,,nati--m5 ( av]age end[m5t1 
( manly aspirations1 & ( hone/ purpose1 
w feel su* a condition to be            
incompatible ) real hon\r & true        
dignity4  ,i don't believe1 said ,"l    
,/anley #acn[ ,e>l ( ,d]by at ,glasg[1 t
 an unemploy$ man1 h[ev] amiable &      
o!rwise respectable1 ev] 01 or ev] c be1
 really happy4 ,z "w is our life1 %[ me 
:at y c d1 & ,i w %[ y :at y are4 ,i h  
spok5 ( love ( "o's "w z ! be/ prev5tive
 ( m]ely l[ & vici\s ta/es4 ,i w g      

fur!r1 & say t x is ! be/ pres]vative   
aga9/ petty anxieties1 & ! annoyances t 
arise out ( indulg$ self-love4 ,m5 h    
?\ght be=e n[ t !y c\ld take refuge f   
tr\ble & vexation by %elt]+ !mselves z x
 7 9 a _w ( _! own4 ,! exp]im5t has1 (t5
 be5 tri$1 & always ) "o result4 ,y _c  
escape f anxiety & lab\r--x is ! de/9y (
 humanity4444 ,^? :o %irk f fac+ tr\ble1
 f9d t tr\ble comes to !m4 ,! indol5t   
may contrive t he %all h less ?an 8 %>e 
( ! _w's "w to d1 b ,nature proportion+ 
! in/9ct to ! "w1 contrives t ! little  
%all be mu* & h>d to him4 ,! man :o has 
only himself to please f9ds1 soon] or   
lat]1 & probably soon] ?an lat]1 t he   
has got a v h>d ma/]2 & ! excessive     
weakness :i* %r9ks f responsibility has 
its own puni%m5t too1 = :]e great       
int]e/s are exclud$ little matt]s become
 great1 & ! same we> & te> ( m9d t might
 h be5 at lea/ usefully & heal?fully    
exp5d$ on ! real bus9ess ( life is (t5  
wa/$ 9 petty & imag9>y vexations1 su* z 
bre$ & multiply 9 ! unoccupi$ bra94 #ach

  ,ev5 on ! l[e/ gr\nd--t ( p]sonal     
enjoym5t--con/ant useful occupation is  
necess>y4 ,he :o lab\rs n1 _c enjoy !   
rew>d ( lab\r4 ,we sleep s\nd1 said ,sir
 ,walt] ,scott1 & our wak+ h\rs are     
happy1 :5 !y are employ$2 & a little    
s5se ( toil is necess>y to ! enjoym5t ( 
leisure1 ev5 :5 e>n$ by /udy & sanction$
 by ! dis*>ge ( duty4  ,x is true1 !re  
are m5 :o die ( ov]work2 b _m m die (   
selfi%ness1 indulg5ce1 & idl5ess4 ,:]e  
m5 break d[n by ov]work1 x is mo/       
commonly f want ( duly ord]+ _! lives1 &
 neglect ( ! ord9>y conditions (        
physical heal?4 ,"l ,/anley 0 probably  
"r :5 he said1 9 8 address to ! ,glasg[ 
/ud5ts above m5tion$1 t he d\bt$ :e!r   
h>d "w1 /eadily & regul>ly c>ri$ on1 ev]
 yet hurt anybody4  ,!n1 aga91 l5g? (   
,,ye>s is no prop] te/ ( l5g? ( ,,life4 
,a man's life is to be measur$ by :at he
 does 9 x1 & :at he feels 9 x4 ,! m     
useful "w ! man does1 & ! m he ?9ks &   
feels1 ! m he really lives4 ,! idle     
useless man1 no matt] to :at ext5t 8    

life may be prolong$1 m]ely vegetates4  
,! e>ly tea*]s ( ,*ri/ianity ennobl$ !  
lot ( toil by _! example4 ,he t w n "w1 
said ,sa9t ,paul1 nei!r %all he eat2 &  
he glorifi$ himself 9 t he _h lab\r$ ) 8
 h&s1 & _h n be5 *>geable to any man4   
,:5 ,/4 ,boniface l&$ 9 ,brita91 he came
 ) a gospel 9 "o h& & a c>p5t]'s rule 9 
! o!r2 & f ,engl& he aft]w>ds pass$ ov] 
into ,g]many1 c>ry+ ?i!r ! art ( build+4
 ,lu!r also1 9 ! mid/ ( a multitude (   
o!r employm5ts1 work$ dilig5tly = a     
liv+1 e>n+ 8 bread by g>d5+1 build+1    
turn+1 & ev5 clockmak+4 #aci  ,x 0      
*>act]i/ic ( ,napoleon1 :5 visit+ a "w (
 me*anical excell5ce1 to pay great      
respect to ! inv5tor1 & on tak+ 8 leave1
 to salute him ) a l[ b[4 ,once at ,/4  
,hel5a1 :5 walk+ ) ,mrs4 ,balcombe1 "s  
s]vants came along c>ry+ a load4 ,!     
lady1 9 an angry tone1 ord]$ !m out ( ! 
way1 on :i* ,napoleon int]pos$1 say+1   
,respect ! burd51 madam4 ,ev5 ! drudg]y 
( ! humble/ lab\r] contributes t[>ds !  
g5]al wellbe+ ( society2 & x 0 a wise   

say+ ( a ,*9ese ,emp]or1 t if !re 0 a   
man :o did n "w1 or a woman t 0 idle1   
somebody mu/ suff] cold or hung] 9 !    
empire4  ,! habit ( con/ant useful      
occupation is z ess5tial = ! happ9ess & 
wellbe+ ( woman z ( man4 ,)\t x1 wom5   
are apt to s9k into a /ate ( li/less    
,,ennui & uselessness1 accompani$ by    
sick heada*e & attacks ( n]ves4 ,c>ol9e 
,p]!s c>efully w>n$ h] m>ri$ daught]    
,l\isa to bew>e ( giv+ way to su*       
li/lessness4 ,i myself1 %e said1 :5 !   
*ildr5 are gone out = a half-holiday1   
sometimes feel z /upid & dull z an owl  
by daylight2 b "o mu/ n yield to ?is1   
:i* happ5s m or less to all "y wives4 ,!
 be/ relief is ,,"w1 engag$ 9 ) int]e/ &
 dilig5ce4 ,"w1 !n1 con/antly &         
dilig5tly1 at some?+ or o!r2 = idl5ess  
is ! devil's sn>e = small & great1 z y\r
 gr&fa!r says1 & he says true4 #acaj    
,con/ant useful occupation is ?us       
:olesome1 n only = ! body1 b = ! m9d4   
,:ile ! slo?ful man drags himself       
indol5tly ?r\gh life1 & ! bett] "p ( 8  

nature sleeps a deep sleep1 if n morally
 & spiritually dead1 ! en]getic man is a
 s\rce ( activity & enjoym5t to all :o  
come )9 rea* ( 8 influ5ce4 ,ev5 any     
ord9>y drudg]y is bett] ?an idl5ess4    
,full] says ( ,sir ,francis ,drake1 :o 0
 e>ly s5t to sea1 & kept close to 8 "w  
by 8 ma/]1 t su* pa9s & pati5ce 9 8 y\? 
knit ! jo9ts ( 8 s\l1 & made !m m solid 
& compact4 ,s*ill] us$ to say t he      
consid]$ x a great advantage to be      
employ$ 9 ! dis*>ge ( "s daily me*anical
 duty--"s regul> r\t9e ( "w1 t r5d]$    
/eady application necess>y4  ,?\s&s c   
be> te/imony to ! tru? ( ! say+ (       
,greuze1 ! ,fr5* pa9t]1 t "w--employm5t1
 useful occupation--is "o ( ! great     
secrets ( happ9ess4 ,casaubon 0 once    
induc$ by ! entreaties ( 8 fri5ds to    
take a few days entire re/1 b he return$
 to 8 "w ) ! rem>k1 t x 0 easi] to be>  
illness do+ some?+1 ?an do+ no?+4  ,:5  
,*>les ,lamb 0 releas$ = life f 8 daily 
drudg]y ( desk-"w at ! ,india ,(fice1 he
 felt himself ! happie/ ( m54 ,i w\ld n 

g back to my prison1 he said to a fri5d1
 t5 ye>s long]1 = t5 ?\s& p\nds4 ,he    
also wrote 9 ! same ec/atic mood to     
,b]n>d ,b>ton3 ,i h sc>ce /ead9ess (    
head to compose a lett]1 he said2 ,i am 
free6 free z air6 ,i w live ano!r fifty 
ye>s4444 ,w\ld ,i c\ld sell y "s ( my   
leisure6 ,positively ! be/ ?+ a man c d 
is--,no?+2 & next to t1 p]haps1 ,good   
,works4 ,two ye>s--two long & t$i\s ye>s
 pass$2 & ,*>les ,lamb's feel+s _h      
und]gone an entire *ange4 ,he n[        
discov]$ t (ficial1 ev5 humdrum "w--!   
appo9t$ r\nd1 ! daily task--_h be5 good 
= him1 ?\gh he knew x n4 ,"t _h =m]ly   
be5 8 fri5d2 x _h n[ become 8 enemy4 ,to
 ,b]n>d ,b>ton he aga9 wrote3 ,i assure 
y1 ,,no "w is worse ?an ov]work2 ! m9d  
preys on itself--! mo/ un:olesome (     
food4 ,i h ceas$ to c>e = almo/         
any?+4444 ,nev] did ! wat]s ( heav5 p\r 
d[n ^u a =lorn] head4 ,:at ,i c d1 &    
ov]do1 is to walk4 ,i am a sangu9>y     
murd]] ( "t4 ,b ! oracle is sil5t4  ,no 
man c\ld be m s5sible ( ! practical     

importance ( indu/ry ?an ,sir ,walt]    
,scott1 :o 0 himself "o ( ! mo/ labori\s
 & indefatigable ( m54 ,inde$1 ,lockh>t 
says ( him t1 tak+ all ages & c\ntries  
toge!r1 ! r>e example ( indefatigable   
en]gy1 9 union ) s]5e self-possession ( 
m9d & mann]1 su* z ,scott's1 mu/ be     
s\ght = 9 ! roll ( great sov]eigns or   
great capta9s1 r ?an 9 t ( lit]>y g5ius4
 ,scott himself 0 mo/ anxi\s to impress 
^u ! m9ds ( 8 own *ildr5 ! importance ( 
indu/ry z a means ( usefulness &        
happ9ess 9 ! _w4 ,to 8 son ,*>les1 :5 at
 s*ool1 he wrote3--,i _c too mu* impress
 ^u y\r m9d t ,,lab\r is ! condition :i*
 ,god has impos$ on u 9 e /ation ( life2
 !re is no?+ wor? hav+ t c be _h )\t x1 
f ! bread :i* ! peasant w9s ) ! sweat ( 
8 br[1 to ! sports by :i* ! ri* man mu/ 
get rid ( 8 ,,ennui4444 ,z = k1 x c no m
 be plant$ 9 ! human m9d )\t lab\r ?an a
 field ( :eat c be produc$ )\t ! previ\s
 use ( ! pl\gh4 ,!re is1 inde$1 ?is     
great diff]5ce1 t *ance or circum/ances 
may s cause x t ano!r %all reap :at !   

f>m] s[s2 b no man c be depriv$1 :e!r by
 accid5t or mis=tune1 ( ! fruits ( 8 own
 /udies2 & ! lib]al & ext5d$            
acquisitions ( k :i* he makes are all = 
8 own use4 ,lab\r1 !re=e1 my de> boy1 & 
improve ! "t4 ,9 y\? our /eps are light1
 & our m9ds are ductile1 & k is easily  
laid up2 b if we neglect our spr+1 our  
summ]s w be useless & contemptible1 our 
h>ve/ w be *aff1 & ! w9t] ( our old age 
unrespect$ & desolate4 #acaa  ,s\!y 0 z 
labori\s a work] z ,scott4 ,inde$1 "w   
might almo/ be said to =m "p ( 8        
religion4 ,he 0 only n9ete5 :5 he wrote 
^! words3--,n9ete5 ye>s6 c]ta9ly a f\r? 
"p ( my life2 p]haps h[ great a "p6 &   
yet ,i h be5 ( no s]vice to society4 ,! 
cl[n :o sc>es cr[s = twop5ce a day is a 
m useful man2 he pres]ves ! bread :i* ,i
 eat 9 idl5ess4 ,& yet ,s\!y _h n be5   
idle z a boy--on ! contr>y1 he _h be5 a 
mo/ dilig5t /ud5t4 ,he _h n only read   
l>gely 9 ,engli% lit]ature1 b 0 well    
acqua9t$1 ?r\gh translations1 ) ,tasso1 
,ario/o1 ,hom]1 & ,ovid4 ,he felt1      

h[ev]1 z if 8 life _h be5 purposeless1 &
 he det]m9$ to d some?+4 ,he began1 & f 
t "t =w>d he pursu$ an unremitt+ c>e] ( 
lit]>y lab\r d[n to ! close ( 8         
life--daily progress+ 9 le>n+1 to use 8 
own words--n s le>n$ z he is poor1 n s  
poor z pr\d1 n s pr\d z happy4  ,!      
maxims ( m5 (t5 reveal _! "*4 #acab ,t (
 ,sir ,walt] ,scott 01 ,nev] to be do+  
no?+4 ,rob]tson ! hi/orian1 z e>ly z 8  
fifte5? ye>1 adopt$ ! maxim ( ,,vita    
,,s9e ,,lit]is ,,mors ,,e/ #ac,life )\t 
le>n+ is dea?4 ,voltaire's motto 01     
,,t\j\rs ,,au ,,travail #ac;,always at  
"w4 ,! fav\rite maxim ( ,lacep$e1 !     
naturali/1 01 ,,vivre ,c',,e/ ,,veill]  
#ac,to live is to obs]ve3 x 0 also !    
maxim ( ,pl9y4 ,:5 ,bossuet 0 at        
college1 he 0 s di/+ui%$ by 8 ard\r 9   
/udy1 t 8 fell[ /ud5ts1 play+ ^u 8 "n1  
designat$ him z ,,bos-,,suetus ,,aratro 
#ac,! ox us$ to ! pl\gh4 ,! "n (        
,,vita-,,lis #ac,life a /ruggle1 :i* !  
,sw$i% poet ,sjob]g assum$1 z ,fr$]ik   
von ,h>d5b]g assum$ t ( ,,nova-,,lis1   

describ$ ! aspirations & ! lab\rs ( bo? 
^! m5 ( g5ius4  ,we h spok5 ( "w z a    
discipl9e3 x is also an educator ( "*4  
,ev5 "w t produces no results1 because x
 ,,is "w1 is bett] ?an torpor1--inasmu* 
z x educates faculty1 & is ?us          
prep>atory to successful "w4 ,! habit ( 
work+ tea*es me?od4 ,x compels economy (
 "t1 & ! disposition ( x ) judici\s     
=e?\ght4 ,& :5 ! art ( pack+ life )     
useful occupations is once acquir$ by   
practice1 e m9ute w be turn$ to acc\nt2 
& leisure1 :5 x comes1 w be enjoy$ ) all
 ! great] ze/4  ,col]idge has truly     
obs]v$1 t if ! idle are describ$ z kill+
 "t1 ! me?odical man may be ju/ly said  
to call x into life & moral be+1 :ile he
 makes x ! di/9ct object n only ( !     
consci\sness1 b ( ! consci5ce4 ,he      
organizes ! h\rs & gives !m a s\l2 & by 
t1 ! v ess5ce ( :i* is to fleet & to h  
be51 he communicates an imp]i%able &    
spiritual nature4 ,( ! good & fai?ful   
s]vant1 ^: en]gies ?us direct$ are ?us  
me?odiz$1 x is less truly affirm$ t he  

lives 9 "t ?an t "t lives 9 him4 ,8 days
 & mon?s & ye>s1 z ! /ops & punctual    
m>ks 9 ! record ( duties p]=m$1 w       
survive ! wreck ( worlds1 & rema9 extant
 :5 "t itself %all be no m4 #acac  ,x is
 because application to bus9ess tea*es  
me?od mo/ effectually1 t x is s useful z
 an educator ( "*4 ,! highe/ work+      
qualities are be/ tra9$ by active &     
sympa!tic contact ) o!rs 9 ! affairs (  
daily life4 ,x does n matt] :e!r !      
bus9ess relate to ! managem5t ( a       
h\sehold or ( a nation4 ,inde$1 z we h  
endeav\r$ to %[ 9 a prec$+ *apt]1 ! able
 h\sewife mu/ necess>ily be an effici5t 
woman ( bus9ess4 ,%e mu/ regulate &     
control ! details ( h] home1 keep h]    
exp5diture )9 h] means1 arrange ev]y?+  
accord+ to plan & sy/em1 & wisely manage
 & gov]n ^? subject to h] rule4         
,effici5t dome/ic managem5t implies     
indu/ry1 application1 me?od1 moral      
discipl9e1 =e?\ght1 prud5ce1 practical  
ability1 insight into "*1 & p[] (       
organization--all ( :i* are requir$ 9 ! 

effici5t managem5t ( bus9ess ( :atev]   
sort4  ,bus9ess qualities h1 inde$1 a v 
l>ge field ( action4 ,!y mean aptitude =
 affairs1 compet5cy to deal successfully
 ) ! practical "w ( life--:e!r ! spur ( 
action lie 9 dome/ic managem5t1 9 !     
conduct ( a pr(ession1 9 trade or       
comm]ce1 9 social organization1 or 9    
political gov]nm5t4 ,& ! tra9+ :i* gives
 effici5cy 9 deal+ ) ^! v>i\s affairs is
 ( all o!rs ! mo/ useful 9 practical    
life4 #acad ,moreov]1 x is ! be/        
discipl9e ( "*2 = x involves ! ex]cise (
 dilig5ce1 att5tion1 self-d5ial1        
judgm5t1 tact1 k ( & sympa?y ) o!rs4    
,su* a discipl9e is f> m productive (   
happ9ess z well z useful effici5cy 9    
life1 ?an any am\nt ( lit]>y culture or 
m$itative seclusion2 = 9 ! long run x w 
usually be f\nd t practical ability     
c>ries x ov] intellect1 & temp] & habits
 ov] tal5t4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 he add$ t ?is
 is a k9d ( culture t c only be acquir$ 
by dilig5t obs]vation & c>efully improv$
 exp]i5ce4 ,to be a good blacksmi?1 said

 ,g5]al ,tro*u 9 a rec5t publication1 "o
 mu/ h =g$ all 8 life3 to be a good     
adm9i/rator "o %\ld h pass$ 8 :ole life 
9 ! /udy & practice ( bus9ess4  ,x 0    
*>act]i/ic ( ,sir ,walt] ,scott to      
ent]ta9 ! highe/ respect = able m5 (    
bus9ess2 & he pr(ess$ t he did n consid]
 any am\nt ( lit]>y di/9ction z entitl$ 
to be spok5 ( 9 ! same brea? ) a ma/]y 9
 ! high] dep>tm5ts ( practical          
life--lea/ ( all ) a fir/-rate capta94  
,! great comm&] leaves no?+ to *ance1 b 
provides = e cont+5cy4 ,he condesc5ds to
 app>5tly trivial details4 ,?us1 :5     
,well+ton 0 at ! head ( 8 army 9 ,spa91 
he direct$ ! precise mann] 9 :i* !      
soldi]s 7 to cook _! provisions4 ,:5 9  
,india1 he specifi$ ! exact spe$ at :i* 
! bullocks 7 to be driv52 e detail 9    
equipm5t 0 c>efully arrang$ be=eh&4 ,&  
?us n only 0 effici5cy secur$1 b !      
devotion ( 8 m51 & _! b\ndless confid5ce
 9 8 comm&4 #acae  ,l o!r great capta9s1
 ,well+ton _h an almo/ b\ndless capacity
 = "w4 ,he drew up ! heads ( a ,dubl9   

,police ,bill #ac;be+ /ill ! ,secret>y =
 ,irel&1 :5 toss+ (f ! m\? ( ! ,mondego1
 ) ,junot & ! ,fr5* army wait+ = him on 
! %ore4 ,s ,caes>1 ano!r ( ! greate/    
comm&]s1 is said to h writt5 an essay on
 ,lat9 ,rhetoric :ile cross+ ! ,alps at 
! head ( 8 army4 ,& ,wall5/e9 :5 at !   
head ( #fj1jjj m51 & 9 ! mid/ ( a       
campaign ) ! enemy be=e him1 dictat$ f  
headqu>t]s ! m$ical treatm5t ( 8        
p\ltry-y>d4  ,wa%+ton1 also1 0 an       
indefatigable man ( bus9ess4 ,f 8       
boyhood he dilig5tly tra9$ himself 9    
habits ( application1 ( /udy1 & (       
me?odical "w4 ,8 manuscript s*ool-books1
 :i* are /ill pres]v$1 %[ t1 z e>ly z ! 
age ( ?irte51 he occupi$ himself        
volunt>ily 9 copy+ out su* ?+s z =ms (  
receipts1 notes ( h&1 bills ( ex*ange1  
bonds1 ind5tures1 leases1 l&-w>rants1 & 
o!r dry docum5ts1 all writt5 out ) great
 c>e4 ,& ! habits :i* he ?us e>ly       
acquir$ 71 9 a great measure1 !         
f\ndation ( ^? admirable bus9ess        
qualities :i* he aft]w>ds s successfully

 br\ght to be> 9 ! affairs ( gov]nm5t4  
,! man or woman :o a*ieves success 9 !  
managem5t ( any great affair ( bus9ess  
is entitl$ to hon\r1--x may be1 to z mu*
 z ! arti/ :o pa9ts a picture1 or !     
au?or :o writes a book1 or ! soldi] :o  
w9s a battle4 ,_! success may h be5 ga9$
 9 ! face ( z great difficulties1 & aft]
 z great /ruggles2 & :]e !y h won _!    
battle1 x is at lea/ a peaceful "o1 &   
!re is no blood on _! h&s4  ,! idea has 
be5 ent]ta9$ by "s1 t bus9ess habits are
 incompatible ) g5ius4 ,9 ! ,life (     
,ri*>d ,lovell ,edgewor?1 #acaf x is    
obs]v$ ( a ,mr4 ,bicknell--a respectable
 b ord9>y man1 ( :om little is kn[n b t 
he m>ri$ ,sabr9a ,sidney1 ! ,,eleve (   
,?omas ,day1 au?or ( ',s&=d & ,m]ton'--t
 he _h "s ( ! too usual faults ( a man (
 g5ius3 he dete/$ ! drudg]y ( bus9ess4  
,b !re _c be a great] mi/ake4 ,! greate/
 g5iuses h1 )\t exception1 be5 ! greate/
 work]s1 ev5 to ! ext5t ( drudg]y4 ,!y h
 n only work$ h>d] ?an ord9>y m51 b     
br\ght to _! "w high] faculties & a m   

ard5t _s4 ,no?+ great & durable 0 ev]   
improvis$4 ,x is only by noble pati5ce &
 noble lab\r t ! ma/]pieces ( g5ius h   
be5 a*iev$4  ,p[] belongs only to !     
work]s2 ! idl]s are always p[]less4 ,x  
is ! labori\s & pa9/ak+ m5 :o are !     
rul]s ( ! _w4 ,!re has n be5 a /atesman 
( em95ce b 0 a man ( indu/ry4 ,x is by  
toil1 said ev5 ,l\is ,,xiv41 t k+s      
gov]n4 ,:5 ,cl>5don describ$ ,hampd51 he
 spoke ( him z ( an indu/ry & vigilance 
n to be tir$ out or we>i$ by ! mo/      
labori\s1 & ( p>ts n to be impos$ on by 
! mo/ subtle & %>p1 & ( a p]sonal c\rage
 equal to 8 be/ p>ts4 ,:ile 9 ! mid/ ( 8
 labori\s ?\gh self-impos$ duties1      
,hampd51 on "o occasion1 wrote to 8 "m3 
,my lyfe is no?+ b toyle1 & ha? be5 = _m
 ye>es1 n[e to ! ,commonweal?1 n[e to ! 
,k+e4444 ,n s mu* tyme left z to doe my 
dutye to my de>e p>5ts1 nor to s5de to  
!m4 ,inde$1 all ! /atesm5 ( !           
,commonweal? 7 great toil]s2 & ,cl>5don 
himself1 :e!r 9 (fice or out ( x1 0 a   
man ( indefatigable application &       

indu/ry4  ,! same en]getic vitality1 z  
display$ 9 ! p[] ( work+1 has di/+ui%$  
all ! em95t m5 9 our own z well z 9 pa/ 
times4 ,dur+ ! ,anti-,corn ,law movem5t1
 ,cobd51 writ+ to a fri5d1 describ$     
himself z work+ l a horse1 ) n a mom5t  
to sp>e4 ,"l ,br\gham 0 a rem>kable     
in/ance ( ! indefatigably active &      
labori\s man2 & x might be said ( ,"l   
,palm]/on1 t he work$ h>d] = success 9 8
 extreme old age ?an he _h ev] done 9 ! 
prime ( 8 manhood--pres]v+ 8 work+      
faculty1 8 good-hum\r & ,,bonhommie1    
unimpair$ to ! end4 #acag ,he himself 0 
accu/om$ to say1 t be+ 9 (fice1 &       
consequ5tly full ( "w1 0 good = 8 heal?4
 ,x rescu$ him f ,,ennui4 ,helvetius ev5
 held1 t x is man's s5se ( ,,ennui t is 
! *ief cause ( 8 sup]iority ov] !       
brute1--t x is ! necessity :i* he feels 
= escap+ f its intol]able suff]+ t =ces 
him to employ himself actively1 & is    
h5ce ! great /imulus to human progress4 
,inde$1 ?is liv+ pr9ciple ( con/ant "w1 
( abundant occupation1 ( practical      

contact ) m5 9 ! affairs ( life1 has 9  
all times be5 ! be/ rip5] ( ! en]getic  
vitality ( /rong natures4 ,bus9ess      
habits1 cultivat$ & discipl9$1 are f\nd 
alike useful 9 e pursuit--:e!r 9        
politics1 lit]ature1 sci5ce1 or art4    
,?us1 a great deal ( ! be/ lit]>y "w has
 be5 done by m5 sy/ematically tra9$ 9   
bus9ess pursuits4 ,! same indu/ry1      
application1 economy ( "t & lab\r1 :i* h
 r5d]$ !m useful 9 ! "o sph]e (         
employm5t1 h be5 f\nd equally available 
9 ! o!r4  ,mo/ ( ! e>ly ,engli% writ]s 7
 m5 ( affairs1 tra9$ to bus9ess2 = no   
lit]>y class z yet exi/$1 except+ x     
might be ! prie/hood4 ,*auc]1 ! fa!r (  
,engli% poetry1 0 fir/ a soldi]1 &      
aft]w>ds a comptroll] ( petty cu/oms4 ,!
 (fice 0 no s9ecure ei!r1 = he _h to    
write up all ! records ) 8 own h&2 & :5 
he _h done 8 reckon+s at ! cu/om-h\se1  
he return$ ) delight to 8 fav\rite      
/udies at home--por+ ov] 8 books until 8
 eyes 7 daz$ & dull4  ,! great writ]s 9 
! reign ( ,elizabe?1 dur+ :i* !re 0 su* 

a developm5t ( robu/ life 9 ,engl&1 7 n 
lit]>y m5 accord+ to ! mod]n acceptation
 ( ! ^w1 b m5 ( action tra9$ 9 bus9ess4 
,sp5s] act$ z secret>y to ! ,"l ,deputy 
( ,irel&2 ,raleigh 01 by turns1 a       
c\rti]1 soldi]1 sailor1 & discov]]2     
,sydney 0 a politician1 diplomati/1 &   
soldi]2 ,bacon 0 a labori\s lawy] be=e  
he became ,"l ,keep] & ,"l ,*ancellor2  
,sir ,?omas ,br[ne 0 a physician 9      
c\ntry practice at ,norwi*2 ,hook] 0 !  
h>dwork+ pa/or ( a c\ntry p>i%2         
,%akspe>e 0 ! manag] ( a !atre1 9 :i* he
 0 himself b an indiff]5t actor1 & he   
seems to h be5 ev5 m c>eful ( 8 money   
inve/m5ts ?an he 0 ( 8 intellectual     
(fspr+4 ,yet ^!1 all m5 ( active bus9ess
 habits1 are among ! greate/ writ]s (   
any age3 ! p]iod ( ,elizabe? & ,james   
,i4 /&+ out 9 ! hi/ory ( ,engl& z ! era 
( its greate/ lit]>y activity & spl5d\r4
  ,9 ! reign ( ,*>les ,i41 ,c[ley held  
v>i\s (fices ( tru/ & confid5ce4 ,he    
act$ z private secret>y to sev]al ( !   
royali/ lead]s1 & 0 aft]w>ds engag$ z   

private secret>y to ! ,que51 9 ciph]+ & 
deciph]+ ! correspond5ce :i* pass$      
betwe5 h] & ,*>les ,i42 ! "w occupy+ all
 8 days1 & (t5 8 nights1 dur+ sev]al    
ye>s4 ,& :ile ,c[ley 0 ?us employ$ 9 !  
royal cause1 ,milton 0 employ$ by !     
,commonweal?1 ( :i* he 0 ! ,lat9        
secret>y1 & aft]w>ds secret>y to ! ,"l  
,protector4 ,yet1 9 ! e>li] "p ( 8 life1
 ,milton 0 occupi$ 9 ! humble vocation (
 a tea*]4 ,dr4 ,johnson says1 t 9 8     
s*ool1 z 9 ev]y?+ else :i* he und]took1 
he lab\r$ ) great dilig5ce1 !re is no   
reason = d\bt+ ,x 0 aft] ! ,re/oration1 
:5 8 (ficial employm5t ceas$1 t ,milton 
ent]$ ^u ! pr9cipal lit]>y "w ( 8 life2 
b be=e he und]took ! writ+ ( 8 great    
epic1 he deem$ x indisp5sable t to      
indu/ri\s & select read+ he %\ld add    
/eady obs]vation & insight into all     
seemly & g5]\s arts & affairs4 #acah    
,locke held (fice 9 diff]5t reigns3 fir/
 "u ,*>les ,,ii4 z ,secret>y to ! ,bo>d 
( ,trade & aft]w>ds "u ,william ,,iii4 z
 ,commission] ( ,appeals & ( ,trade &   

,plantations4 ,_m lit]>y m5 ( em95ce    
held (fice 9 ,que5 ,anne's reign4 ,?us  
,addison 0 ,secret>y ( ,/ate2 ,/eele1   
,commission] ( ,/amps2 ,prior1          
,"u-,secret>y ( ,/ate1 & aft]w>ds       
,ambassador to ,france2 ,tickell1       
,"u-,secret>y ( ,/ate1 & ,secret>y to ! 
,lords ,ju/ices ( ,irel&2 ,congreve1    
,secret>y ( ,jamaica21 & ,gay1 ,secret>y
 ( ,legation at ,hanov]4  ,inde$1 habits
 ( bus9ess1 in/ead ( unfitt+ a cultivat$
 m9d = sci5tific or lit]>y pursuits1 are
 (t5 ! be/ tra9+ = !m4 ,voltaire insi/$ 
) tru? t ! real _s ( bus9ess & lit]ature
 are ! same2 ! p]fection ( ea* be+ !    
union ( en]gy & ?\ghtfulness1 (         
cultivat$ intellig5ce & practical       
wisdom1 ( ! active & contemplative      
ess5ce--a union comm5d$ by ,"l ,bacon z 
! conc5trat$ excell5ce ( man's nature4  
,x has be5 said t ev5 ! man ( g5ius c   
write no?+ wor? read+ 9 relation to     
human affairs1 unless he has be5 9 "s   
way or o!r connect$ ) ! s]i\s ev]yday   
bus9ess ( life4  ,h5ce x has happ5$ t _m

 ( ! be/ books1 extant h be5 writt5 by  
m5 ( bus9ess1 ) :om lit]ature 0 a pa/ime
 r ?an a pr(ession4 ,gif=d1 ! editor ( !
 ',qu>t]ly1' :o knew ! drudg]y ( writ+ =
 a liv+1 once obs]v$ t a s+le h\r (     
composition1 won f ! bus9ess ( ! day1 is
 wor? m ?an ! :ole day's toil ( him :o  
works at ! trade ( lit]ature3 9 ! "o    
case1 ! _s comes joyfully to refre%     
itself1 l a h>t to ! wat]brooks2 9 !    
o!r1 x pursues its mis]able way1 pant+ &
 jad$1 ) ! dogs & hung] ( necessity     
beh9d4 #acai  ,! fir/ great m5 ( lett]s 
9 ,italy 7 n m]e m5 ( lett]s2 !y 7 m5 ( 
bus9ess--m]*ants1 /atesm51 diplomati/s1 
judges1 & soldi]s4 ,villani1 ! au?or ( !
 be/ ,hi/ory ( ,flor5ce1 0 a m]*ant2    
,dante1 ,petr>*1 & ,boccacio1 7 all     
engag$ 9 m or less important embassies2 
& ,dante1 be=e becom+ a diplomati/1 0 = 
"s "t occupi$ z a *emi/ & druggi/4      
,galileo1 ,galvani1 & ,f>9i 7           
physicians1 & ,goldoni a lawy]4         
,ario/o's tal5t = affairs 0 z great z 8 
g5ius = poetry4 ,at ! dea? ( 8 fa!r1 he 

0 call$ ^u to manage ! family e/ate = ! 
b5efit ( 8 y\ng] bro!rs & si/]s1 :i* he 
did ) ability & integrity4 ,8 g5ius =   
bus9ess hav+ be5 recognis$1 he 0 employ$
 by ! ,duke ( ,f]r>a on important       
missions to ,rome & else:]e4 ,hav+      
aft]w>ds be5 appo9t$ gov]nor ( a        
turbul5t m\nta9 di/rict1 he succe$$1 by 
firm & j gov]nm5ts 9 r$uc+ x to a       
condition ( comp>ative good ord] &      
security4 ,ev5 ! b&its ( ! c\ntry       
respect$ him4 ,be+ arre/$ "o day 9 !    
m\nta9s by a body ( outlaws1 he m5tion$ 
8 "n1 :5 !y at once (f]$ to escort him 9
 safety :]ev] he *ose4  ,x has be5 !    
same 9 o!r c\ntries4 ,vattel1 ! au?or ( 
! ',rights ( ,nations1' 0 a practical   
diplomati/1 & a fir/-rate man ( bus9ess4
 ,rabelais 0 a physician1 & a successful
 practition]2 ,s*ill] 0 a surgeon2      
,c]vantes1 ,lope de ,vega1 ,cald]on1    
,camo5s1 ,desc>tes1 ,maup]tius1 ,la     
,ro*ef\cauld1 ,lacep$e1 ,lam>k1 7       
soldi]s 9 ! e>ly "p ( _! respective     
lives4  ,9 our own c\ntry1 _m m5 n[ kn[n

 by _! writ+s1 e>n$ _! liv+ by _! trade4
 ,lillo sp5t ! great] "p ( 8 life z a   
work+ jewell] 9 ! ,p\ltry2 occupy+ !    
int]vals ( 8 leisure 9 ! production (   
dramatic works1 "s ( !m ( ackn[l$g$ p[] 
& m]it4 ,izaak ,walton 0 a l95drap] 9   
,fleet ,/reet1 read+ mu* 9 8 leisure    
h\rs1 & /or+ 8 m9d ) facts = future use 
9 8 capacity ( biograph]4 ,de ,foe 0 by 
turns horse-factor1 brick & tile mak]1  
%opkeep]1 au?or1 & political ag5t4      
,samuel ,ri*>dson successfully comb9$   
lit]ature1 ) bus9ess2 writ+ 8 novels 9 8
 back-%op 9 ,salisbury ,c\rt1 ,fleet    
,/reet1 & sell+ !m ov] ! c\nt] 9 8      
front-%op4 ,william ,hutton1 (          
,birm+ham1 also successfully comb9$ !   
occupations ( booksell+ & au?or%ip4 ,he 
says1 9 8 ,autobiography1 t a man may   
live half a c5tury & n be acqua9t$ ) 8  
own "*4 ,he did n "k t he 0 an antiqu>y 
until ! _w in=m$ him ( x1 f hav+ read 8 
',hi/ory ( ,birm+ham1' & !n1 he said1 he
 c\ld see x himself4 ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 0 
alike em95t z a pr9t] & booksell]--an   

au?or1 a philosoph] & a /atesman4  ,com+
 d[n to our own "t1 we f9d ,eb5ez]      
,elliott successfully c>ry+ on ! bus9ess
 ( a b>-iron m]*ant 9 ,%effield1 dur+   
:i* "t he wrote & publi%$ ! great] numb]
 ( 8 poems2 & 8 success 9 bus9ess 0 su* 
z to enable him to retire into ! c\ntry 
& build a h\se ( 8 own1 9 :i* he sp5t ! 
rema9d] ( 8 days4 ,isaac ,taylor1 !     
au?or ( ! ',natural ,hi/ory (           
,en?usiasm1' 0 an engrav] ( patt]ns =   
,man*e/] calico-pr9t]s2 & o!r memb]s (  
?is gift$ family 7 foll[]s ( ! same     
bran* ( art4  ,! pr9cipal e>ly works (  
,john ,/u>t ,mill 7 writt5 9 ! int]vals 
( (ficial "w1 :ile he held ! (fice (    
pr9cipal exam9] 9 ! ,ea/ ,india         
,h\se1--9 :i* ,*>les ,lamb1 ,peacock !  
au?or ( ',headlong ,hall1' & ,edw9      
,norris ! philologi/1 7 also cl]ks4     
,macaulay wrote 8 ',lays ( ,anci5t      
,rome' 9 ! ,w> ,(fice1 :ile hold+ ! po/ 
( ,secret>y ( ,w>4 ,x is well kn[n t !  
?\ghtful writ+s ( ,mr4 ,helps are       
lit]ally ,essays writt5 9 ! ,int]vals ( 

,bus9ess4 ,_m ( our be/ liv+ au?ors are 
m5 hold+ important public (fices--su* z 
,sir ,h5ry ,taylor1 ,sir ,john ,kaye1   
,an?ony ,trollope1 ,tom ,taylor1 ,mat!w 
,arnold1 & ,samuel ,w>r54  ,mr4 ,proctor
 ! poet1 bett] kn[n z ,b>ry ,cornwall1 0
 a b>ri/] & commission] 9 lunacy4 ,mo/  
probably he assum$ ! pseudonym = ! same 
reason t ,dr4 ,p>is publi%$ 8           
',philosophy 9 ,sport made ,sci5ce 9    
,e>ne/' anonym\sly--because he appreh5d$
 t1 if kn[n1 x might compromise 8       
pr(essional position4 ,= x is by no     
means an uncommon prejudice1 /ill       
preval5t among/ ,city m51 t a p]son :o  
has writt5 a book1 & /ill m "o :o has   
writt5 a poem1 is good = no?+ 9 ! way ( 
bus9ess4 ,yet ,%>on ,turn]1 ?\gh an     
excell5t hi/orian1 0 no worse a         
solicitor on t acc\nt2 :ile ! bro!rs    
,horace & ,james ,smi?1 au?ors ( ',!    
,reject$ ,addresses1' 7 m5 ( su* em95ce 
9 _! pr(ession1 t !y 7 select$ to fill !
 important & lucrative po/ ( solicitors 
to ! ,admiralty1 & !y fill$ x admirably4

  ,x 0 :ile ! late ,mr4 ,brod]ip1 !     
b>ri/]1 0 act+ z a ,london police       
magi/rate1 t he 0 attract$ to ! /udy (  
natural hi/ory1 9 :i* he occupi$ !      
great] "p ( 8 leisure4 ,he wrote !      
pr9cipal articles on ! subject = !      
',p5ny ,cyclopa$ia1' besides sev]al     
sep>ate works ( great m]it1 m p>ticul>ly
 ! ',zoological ,recreations1' &        
',leaves f ! ,notebook ( a ,naturali/4' 
,x is record$ ( him t1 ?\gh he devot$ s 
mu* ( 8 "t to ! production ( 8 works1 z 
well z to ! ,zoological ,society & _!   
admirable e/abli%m5t 9 ,reg5t's ,p>k1 ( 
:i* he 0 "o ( ! f\nd]s1 8 /udies nev]   
int]f]$ ) ! real bus9ess ( 8 life1 nor  
is x kn[n t a s+le "q 0 ev] rais$ ^u 8  
conduct or 8 decisions4 ,& :ile ,mr4    
,brod]ip devot$ himself to natural      
hi/ory1 ! late ,"l ,*ief ,b>on ,pollock 
devot$ 8 leisure to natural sci5ce1     
recreat+ himself 9 ! practice (         
photography & ! /udy ( ma!matics1 9 bo? 
( :i* he 0 ?or\ghly pr(ici5t4  ,among   
lit]>y bank]s we f9d ! names ( ,rog]s1 !

 poet2 ,roscoe1 ( ,liv]pool1 ! biograph]
 ( ,lor5zo de ,m$ici2 ,ric>do1 ! au?or (
 ',political ,economy & ,taxation2 #acbj
 ,grote1 ! au?or ( ! ',hi/ory (         
,greece2' ,sir ,john ,lubbock1 !        
sci5tific antiqu>ian2 #acba & ,samuel   
,bailey1 ( ,%effield1 ! au?or ( ',essays
 on ! ,=mation & ,publication (         
,op9ions1' besides v>i\s important works
 on e?ics1 political economy1 &         
philosophy4  ,nor1 on ! o!r h&1 h       
?or\ghly-tra9$ m5 ( sci5ce & le>n+ prov$
 !mselves ineffici5t z fir/-rate m5 (   
bus9ess4 ,culture ( ! be/ sort tra9s !  
habit ( application & indu/ry1          
discipl9es ! m9d1 supplies x ) res\rces1
 & gives x fre$om & vig\r ( action--all 
( :i* are equally requisite 9 !         
successful conduct ( bus9ess4 ,?us1 9 "y
 m51 education & s*ol>%ip usually       
indicate /ead9ess ( "*1 = !y imply      
cont9u\s att5tion1 dilig5ce1 & ! ability
 & en]gy necess>y to ma/] k2 & su*      
p]sons w also usually be f\nd possess$ (
 m ?an av]age promptitude1 address1     

res\rce1 & dext]ity4  ,montaigne has    
said ( true philosoph]s1 t if !y 7 great
 9 sci5ce1 !y 7 yet mu* great] 9        
action2444 & :5ev] !y h be5 put ^u !    
pro(1 !y h be5 se5 to fly to s high a   
pit*1 z made x v well appe> _! s\ls 7   
/rangely elevat$ & enri*$ ) ! k ( ?+s4  
#acbb  ,at ! same "t1 x mu/ be ackn[l$g$
 t too exclusive a devotion to          
imag9ative & philosophical lit]ature1   
especially if prolong$ 9 life until !   
habits become =m$1 does to a great ext5t
 incapacitate a man = ! bus9ess (       
practical life4 ,speculative ability is 
"o ?+1 & practical ability ano!r2 & !   
man :o1 9 8 /udy1 or ) 8 p5 9 h&1 %[s   
himself capable ( =m+ l>ge views ( life 
& policy1 may1 9 ! out] _w1 be f\nd     
altoge!r unfitt$ = c>ry+ !m into        
practical effect4  ,speculative ability 
dep5ds on vigor\s ?9k+--practical       
ability on vigor\s act+2 & ! two        
qualities are usually f\nd comb9$ 9 v   
unequal proportions4 ,! speculative man 
is prone to indecision3 he sees all !   

sides ( a "q1 & 8 action becomes susp5d$
 9 nicely weigh+ ! pros & cons1 :i* are 
(t5 f\nd pretty ne>ly to balance ea*    
o!r2 :]eas ! practical man ov]leaps     
logical prelim9>ies1 arrives at c]ta9   
def9ite convictions1 & proce$s =?) to   
c>ry 8 policy into action4 #acbc  ,yet  
!re h be5 _m great m5 ( sci5ce :o h     
prov$ effici5t m5 ( bus9ess4 ,we d n    
le>n t ,sir ,isaac ,newton made a worse 
,ma/] ( ! ,m9t because he 0 ! greate/ ( 
philosoph]s4 ,nor 7 !re any compla9ts z 
to ! effici5cy ( ,sir ,john ,h]s*el1 :o 
held ! same (fice4 ,! bro!rs ,humboldt 7
 alike capable m5 9 all t !y            
und]took--:e!r x 0 lit]ature1           
philosophy1 m9+1 philology1 diplomacy1  
or /atesman%ip4  ,niebuhr1 ! hi/orian1 0
 di/+ui%$ = 8 en]gy & success z a man ( 
bus9ess4 ,he prov$ s effici5t z secret>y
 & acc\ntant to ! ,african consulate1 to
 :i* he _h be5 appo9t$ by ! ,dani%      
,gov]nm5t1 t he 0 aft]w>ds select$ z "o 
( ! commission]s to manage ! national   
f9ances2 & he quitt$ t (fice to und]take

 ! jo9t director%ip ( a bank at ,b]l94  
,x 0 9 ! mid/ ( 8 bus9ess occupations t 
he f\nd "t to /udy ,roman hi/ory1 to    
ma/] ! ,arabic1 ,russian1 & o!r         
,sclavonic languages1 & to build up !   
great reputation z an au?or by :i* he is
 n[ *iefly rememb]$4  ,hav+ reg>d to !  
views pr(ess$ by ! ,fir/ ,napoleon z to 
m5 ( sci5ce1 x 0 to h be5 expect$ t he  
w\ld endeav\r to /r5g!n 8 adm9i/ration  
by call+ !m to 8 aid4 ,"s ( 8 appo9tm5ts
 prov$ failures1 :ile o!rs 7 completely 
successful4 ,?us ,laplace 0 made ,m9i/] 
( ! ,int]ior2 b he _h no soon] be5      
appo9t$ ?an x 0 se5 t a mi/ake _h be5   
made4 ,napoleon aft]w>ds said ( him1 t  
,laplace look$ at no "q 9 its true po9t 
( view4 ,he 0 always se>*+ aft]         
subtleties2 all 8 ideas 7 problems1 & he
 c>ri$ ! _s ( ! inf9itesimal calculus   
into ! managem5t ( bus9ess4 ,b          
,laplace's habits _h be5 =m$ 9 ! /udy1 &
 he 0 too old to adapt !m to ! purposes 
( practical life4  ,) ,d>n x 0 diff]5t4 
,b ,d>n _h ! advantage ( "s practical   

tra9+ 9 bus9ess1 hav+ s]v$ z an int5dant
 ( ! army 9 ,switz]l& "u ,mass5a1 dur+  
:i* he also di/+ui%$ himself z an au?or4
 ,:5 ,napoleon propos$ to appo9t him a  
c\ncillor ( /ate & int5dant ( ! ,imp]ial
 ,h\sehold1 ,d>n hesitat$ to accept !   
(fice4 ,i h pass$ ! great] "p ( my life1
 he said1 among books1 & h n _h "t to   
le>n ! functions ( a c\rti]4 ,( c\rti]s1
 repli$ ,napoleon1 ,i h pl5ty ab\t me2  
!y w nev] fail4 ,b ,i want a m9i/]1 at  
once enlight5$1 firm1 & vigilant2 & x is
 = ^! qualities t ,i h select$ y4 ,d>n  
compli$ ) ! ,emp]or's wi%es1 & ev5tually
 became 8 ,prime ,m9i/]1 prov+ ?or\ghly 
effici5t 9 t capacity1 & rema9+ ! same  
mode/1 hon\rable1 & dis9t]e/$ man t he  
_h ev] be5 ?r\gh life4  ,m5 ( tra9$     
work+ faculty s contract ! habit ( lab\r
 t idl5ess becomes intol]able to !m2 &  
:5 driv5 by circum/ances f _! own       
special l9e ( occupation1 !y f9d refuge 
9 o!r pursuits4 ,! dilig5t man is quick 
to f9d employm5t = 8 leisure2 & he is   
able to make leisure :5 ! idle man f9ds 

none4 ,he ha? no leisure1 says ,george  
,h]b]t1 :o use? x n4 ,! mo/ active or   
busy man t ha? be5 or c be1 says ,bacon1
 ha?1 no "q1 _m vacant times ( leisure1 
:ile he expecte? ! tides & returns (    
bus9ess1 except he be ei!r t$i\s & ( no 
despat*1 or lightly & unwor?ily ambiti\s
 to m$dle ) ?+s t may be bett] done by  
o!rs4 ,?us _m great ?+s h be5 done dur+ 
su* vacant times ( leisure1 by m5 to :om
 indu/ry _h become a second nature1 & :o
 f\nd x easi] to "w ?an to be idle4     
,ev5 hobbies are useful z educators ( ! 
work+ faculty4 ,hobbies evoke indu/ry ( 
a c]ta9 k9d1 & at lea/ provide agreeable
 occupation4 ,n su* hobbies z t (       
,domitian1 :o occupi$ himself 9 cat*+   
flies4 ,! hobbies ( ! ,k+ ( ,mac$on :o  
made lan?orns1 & ( ! ,k+ ( ,france :o   
made locks1 7 ( a m respectable ord]4   
,ev5 a r\t9e me*anical employm5t is felt
 to be a relief by m9ds act+ "u         
high-pressure3 x is an int]mission (    
lab\r--a re/--a relaxation1 ! pleasure  
consi/+ 9 ! "w itself r ?an 9 ! result4 

,b ! be/ ( hobbies are intellectual     
ones4 ,?us m5 ( active m9d retire f _!  
daily bus9ess to f9d recreation 9 o!r   
pursuits--"s 9 sci5ce1 "s 9 art1 & !    
great] numb] 9 lit]ature4 ,su*          
recreations are among ! be/ pres]vatives
 aga9/ selfi%ness & vulg> worldl9ess4   
,we believe x 0 ,"l ,br\gham :o said1   
,bless$ is ! man t ha? a hobby6 & 9 !   
abundant v]satility ( 8 nature1 he      
himself _h _m1 rang+ f lit]ature to     
optics1 f hi/ory & biography to social  
sci5ce4 ,"l ,br\gham is ev5 said to h   
writt5 a novel2 & ! rem>kable /ory ( !  
',man 9 ! ,bell1' :i* appe>$ _m ye>s ago
 9 ',blackwood1' is reput$ to h be5 f 8 
p54 ,intellectual hobbies1 h[ev]1 mu/ n 
be ridd5 too h>d--else1 in/ead (        
recreat+1 refre%+1 & invigorat+ a man's 
nature1 !y may only h ! effect ( s5d+   
him back to 8 bus9ess exhau/$1 en]vat$1 
& depress$4  ,_m labori\s /atesm5       
besides ,"l ,br\gham h occupi$ _!       
leisure1 or consol$ !mselves 9 retirem5t
 f (fice1 by ! composition ( works :i* h

 become "p ( ! /&>d lit]ature ( ! _w4   
,?us ',caes>'s ,comm5t>ies' /ill survive
 z a classic2 ! p]spicu\s & =cible /yle 
9 :i* !y are writt5 plac+ him 9 ! same  
rank ) ,x5ophon1 :o also successfully   
comb9$ ! pursuit ( lett]s ) ! bus9ess ( 
active life4  ,:5 ! great ,sully 0      
disgrac$ z a m9i/]1 & driv5 into        
retirem5t1 he occupi$ 8 leisure 9 writ+ 
out 8 ',memoirs1' 9 anticipation ( !    
judgm5t ( po/]ity ^u 8 c>e] z a         
/atesman4 ,besides ^!1 he also compos$  
"p ( a romance aft] ! mann] ( ! ,scud]i 
s*ool1 ! manuscript ( :i* 0 f\nd among/ 
8 pap]s at 8 dea?4  ,turgot f\nd a      
solace = ! loss ( (fice1 f :i* he _h be5
 driv5 by ! intrigues ( 8 enemies1 9 !  
/udy ( physical sci5ce4 ,he also rev]t$ 
to 8 e>ly ta/e = classical lit]ature4   
,dur+ 8 long j\rneys1 & at nights :5    
tortur$ by ! g\t1 he amus$ himself by   
mak+ ,lat9 v]ses2 ?\gh ! only l9e ( 8 t 
has be5 pres]v$ 0 t int5d$ to designate 
! portrait ( ,b5jam9 ,frankl93          
,eripuit caelo fulm51 sceptrumque       

tyrannis4  ,among m rec5t ,fr5*         
/atesm5--) :om1 h[ev]1 lit]ature has be5
 _! pr(ession z mu* z politics--may be  
m5tion$ ,de ,tocqueville1 ,?i]s1        
,guizot1 & ,lam>t9e1 :ile ,napoleon     
,,iii4 *all5g$ a place 9 ! ,academy by 8
 ',life ( ,caes>4'  ,lit]ature has also 
be5 ! *ief solace ( our greate/ ,engli% 
/atesm54 ,:5 ,pitt retir$ f (fice1 l 8  
great contempor>y ,fox1 he rev]t$ )     
delight to ! /udy ( ! ,greek & ,roman   
classics4 ,inde$1 ,gr5ville consid]$    
,pitt ! be/ ,greek s*ol> he _h ev] kn[n4
 ,cann+ & ,wellesley1 :5 9 retirem5t1   
occupi$ !mselves 9 translat+ ! odes &   
satires ( ,horace4 ,cann+'s passion =   
lit]ature ent]$ into all 8 pursuits1 &  
gave a col\r to 8 :ole life4 ,8         
biograph] says ( him1 t aft] a d9n] at  
,pitt's1 :ile ! re/ ( ! company 7       
disp]s$ 9 conv]sation1 he & ,pitt w\ld  
be obs]v$ por+ ov] "s old ,grecian 9 a  
corn] ( ! draw+-room4 ,fox also 0 a     
dilig5t /ud5t ( ! ,greek au?ors1 &1 l   
,pitt1 read ,lycophron4 ,he 0 also !    

au?or ( a ,hi/ory ( ,james ,,ii41 ?\gh !
 book is only a fragm5t1 &1 x mu/ be    
confess$1 is r a disappo9t+ "w4  ,"o ( !
 mo/ able & labori\s ( our rec5t        
/atesm5--) :om lit]ature 0 a hobby z    
well z a pursuit--0 ! late ,sir ,george 
,cornewall ,lewis4 ,he 0 an excell5t man
 ( bus9ess--dilig5t1 exact1 & pa9/ak+4  
,he fill$ by turns ! (fices ( ,presid5t 
( ! ,poor ,law ,bo>d--! ma*9]y ( :i* he 
creat$1--,*ancellor ( ! ,ex*equ]1 ,home 
,secret>y1 & ,secret>y at ,w>2 & 9 ea*  
he a*iev$ ! reputation ( a ?or\ghly     
successful adm9i/rator4 ,9 ! int]vals ( 
8 (ficial lab\rs1 he occupi$ himself )  
inquiries into a wide range (           
subjects--hi/ory1 politics1 philology1  
an?ropology1 & antiqu>ianism4 ,8 works  
on ',! ,a/ronomy ( ! ,anci5ts1' &       
',essays on ! ,=mation ( ! ,romanic     
,languages1' might h be5 writt5 by !    
pr(\nde/ ( ,g]man ,,savans4 ,he took    
especial delight 9 pursu+ ! ab/rus]     
bran*es ( le>n+1 & f\nd 9 !m 8 *ief     
pleasure & recreation4 ,"l ,palm]/on    

sometimes remon/rat$ ) him1 tell+ him he
 0 tak+ too mu* out ( himself by lay+   
aside (ficial pap]s aft] (fice-h\rs 9   
ord] to /udy books2 ,palm]/on himself   
decl>+ t he _h no "t to read books--t ! 
read+ ( manuscript 0 q en\gh = him4     
,d\btless ,sir ,george ,lewis rode 8    
hobby too h>d1 & b = 8 devotion to /udy1
 8 useful life w\ld probably h be5      
prolong$4 ,:e!r 9 or out ( (fice1 he    
read1 wrote1 & /udi$4 ,he rel9qui%$ !   
editor%ip ( ! ',ed9burgh ,review' to    
become ,*ancellor ( ! ,ex*equ]2 & :5 no 
long] occupi$ 9 prep>+ budgets1 he      
proce$$ to copy out a mass ( ,greek     
manuscripts at ! ,briti% ,museum4 ,he   
took p>ticul> delight 9 pursu+ any      
difficult inquiry 9 classical antiquity4
 ,"o ( ! odd subjects ) :i* he occupi$  
himself 0 an exam9ation into ! tru? (   
report$ cases ( longevity1 :i*1 accord+ 
to 8 cu/om1 he d\bt$ or disbeliev$4 ,?is
 subject 0 upp]mo/ 9 8 m9d :ile pursu+ 8
 canvass ( ,h]e=d%ire 9 #aheb4 ,on      
apply+ to a vot] "o day = 8 support1 he 

0 met by a decid$ refusal4 ,i am sorry1 
0 ! c&idate's reply1 t y c't give me y\r
 vote2 b p]haps y c tell me :e!r anybody
 9 y\r p>i% has di$ at an extraord9>y   
age6  ,! contempor>ies ( ,sir ,george   
,lewis also furni% _m /rik+ in/ances ( !
 consolations af=d$ by lit]ature to     
/atesm5 we>i$ ) ! toils ( public life4  
,?\gh ! door ( (fice may be clos$1 t (  
lit]ature /&s always op51 & m5 :o are at
 dagg]s-drawn 9 politics1 jo9 h&s ov] ! 
poetry ( ,hom] & ,horace4 ,! late ,e>l (
 ,d]by1 on retir+ f p[]1 produc$ 8 noble
 v]sion ( ',! ,iliad1' :i* w probably   
cont9ue to be read :5 8 spee*es h be5   
=gott54 ,mr4 ,glad/one simil>ly occupi$ 
8 leisure 9 prep>+ = ! press 8 ',/udies 
on ,hom]1' #acbd & 9 edit+ a translation
 ( ',f>9i's ,roman ,/ate2' :ile ,mr4    
,disraeli signalis$ 8 retirem5t f (fice 
by ! production ( 8 ',lo?air4' ,among   
/atesm5 :o h figur$ z noveli/s1 besides 
,mr4 ,disraeli1 are ,"l ,russell1 :o has
 also contribut$ l>gely to hi/ory &     
biography2 ! ,m>quis ( ,norm&y1 & !     

vet]an noveli/1 ,"l ,lytton1 ) :om1     
inde$1 politics may be said to h be5 8  
recreation1 & lit]ature ! *ief employm5t
 ( 8 life4  ,to conclude3 a fair measure
 ( "w is good = m9d z well z body4 ,man 
is an intellig5ce su/a9$ & pres]v$ by   
bodily organs1 & _! active ex]cise is   
necess>y to ! enjoym5t ( heal?4 ,x is n 
"w1 b ov]work1 t is hurtful2 & x is n   
h>d "w t is injuri\s s mu* z monoton\s  
"w1 fagg+ "w1 hopeless "w4 ,all hopeful 
"w is heal?ful2 & to be usefully &      
hopefully employ$ is "o ( ! great       
secrets ( happ9ess4 ,bra9-"w1 9         
mod]ation1 is no m we>+ ?an any o!r k9d 
( "w4 ,duly regulat$1 x is z promotive (
 heal? z bodily ex]cise2 &1 :]e due     
att5tion is paid to ! physical sy/em1 x 
seems difficult to put m ^u a man ?an he
 c be>4 ,m]ely to eat & dr9k & sleep    
"o's way idly ?r\gh life is va/ly m     
injuri\s4 ,! we>-&-te> ( ru/ is ev5 fa/]
 ?an ! te>-&-we> ( "w4  ,b ov]work is   
always bad economy4 ,x is1 9 fact1 great
 wa/e1 especially if conjo9$ ) worry4   

,inde$1 worry kills f> m ?an "w does4 ,x
 frets1 x excites1 x consumes ! body--z 
s& & grit1 :i* occasion excessive       
friction1 we> out ! :eels ( a ma*9e4    
,ov]work & worry h bo? to be gu>d$      
aga9/4 ,= ov]-bra9-"w is /ra9-"w2 & x is
 exhau/+ & de/ructive accord+ z x is 9  
excess ( nature4 ,& ! bra9-work] may    
exhau/ & ov]balance 8 m9d by excess1 j z
 ! a?lete may ov]/ra9 8 muscles & break 
8 back by attempt+ feats beyond ! /r5g? 
( 8 physical sy/em4     ,,*apt]         
,v4--,,c\rage4           ,x is n b !    
tempe/ t do? %[          ,! seaman's    
cunn+2 b ! field t tries          ,!    
capta9's c\rage2 & we come to "k        
,be/ :at m5 are1 9 _! wor/              
jeop>dies4--,,daniel4      ,if ?\ can/  
plan a noble de$1      ,& nev] flag till
 x succe$1      ,?\gh 9 ! /rife ?y he>t 
%\ld ble$1      ,:atev] ob/acles        
control1      ,?9e h\r w come--g on1    
true s\l6      ,?\'lt w9 ! prize1 ?\'lt 
rea* ! goal4--,c4 ,,mackay4       ,!    
h]oic example ( o!r days is 9 great "p !

      s\rce ( ! c\rage ( ea* g5]ation2 &
 m5 walk up      compos$ly to ! mo/     
p]il\s ent]prises1 beckon$      onw>ds  
by ! %ades ( ! brave t 74--,,helps4     
,t :i* we are1 we are1       ,"o equal  
temp] ( h]oic he>ts1       ,made weak by
 "t & fate1 b /rong 9 w       ,to /rive1
 to seek1 to f9d1 & n to                
yield4--,,t5nyson4   ,,! _w owes mu* to 
its m5 & wom5 ( c\rage4 ,we d n mean    
physical c\rage1 9 :i* man is at lea/   
equall$ by ! bulldog2 nor is ! bulldog  
consid]$ ! wise/ ( 8 species4  ,! c\rage
 t displays itself 9 sil5t ef=t &       
endeav\r--t d>es to endure all & suff]  
all = tru? & duty--is m truly h]oic ?an 
! a*ievem5ts ( physical val\r1 :i* are  
rew>d$ by hon\rs & titles1 or by laurels
 sometimes /eep$ 9 blood4  ,x is moral  
c\rage t *>act]ises ! highe/ ord] (     
manhood & womanhood--! c\rage to seek & 
to speak ! tru?2 ! c\rage to be j2 !    
c\rage to be hone/2 ! c\rage to resi/   
temptation2 ! c\rage to d "o's duty4 ,if
 m5 & wom5 d n possess ?is virtue1 !y h 

no security :atev] = ! pres]vation ( any
 o!r4  ,e /ep ( progress 9 ! hi/ory (   
our race has be5 made 9 ! face (        
opposition & difficulty1 & be5 a*iev$ & 
secur$ by m5 ( intrepidity & val\r--by  
lead]s 9 ! van ( ?\ght--by great        
discov]]s1 great patriots1 & great      
work]s 9 all walks ( life4 ,!re is      
sc>cely a great tru? or doctr9e b has _h
 to fight its way to public recognition 
9 ! face ( detraction1 calumny1 &       
p]secution4 ,ev]y:]e1 says ,he9e1 t a   
great s\l gives utt]ance to its ?\ghts1 
!re also is a ,golgo?a4      ,_m lov$   
,tru? & lavi%$ life's be/ oil1          
,amid ! du/ ( books to f9d h]1          
,cont5t at la/1 = gu]don ( _! toil1     
,) ! ca/ mantle %e _h left beh9d h]4    
,_m 9 sad fai? s\ght = h]1     ,_m )    
cross$ h&s sigh$ = h]1     ,b ^!1 our   
bro!rs1 f\ght = h]1     ,at life's de>  
p]il wr\ght = h]1     ,s lov$ h] t !y   
di$ = h]1     ,ta/+ ! raptur$ fleetness 
,( h] div9e complet5ess4 #ada  ,socrates
 0 condemn$ to dr9k ! hemlock at ,a!ns 9

 8 sev5ty-second ye>1 because 8 l(ty    
tea*+ ran c\nt] to ! prejudices &       
p>ty-_s ( 8 age4 ,he 0 *>g$ by 8 accus]s
 ) corrupt+ ! y\? ( ,a!ns by incit+ !m  
to despise ! tutel>y deities ( ! /ate4  
,he _h ! moral c\rage to brave n only ! 
tyranny ( ! judges :o condemn$ him1 b ( 
! mob :o c\ld n und]/& him4 ,he di$     
disc\rs+ ( ! doctr9e ( ! immortality ( !
 s\l2 8 la/ words to 8 judges be+1 ,x is
 n[ "t t we dep>t--,i to die1 y to live2
 b :i* has ! bett] de/9y is unkn[n to   
all1 except to ! ,god4  ,h[ _m great m5 
& ?9k]s h be5 p]secut$ 9 ! "n (         
religion6 ,bruno 0 burnt alive at ,rome1
 because ( 8 exposure ( ! fa%ionable b  
false philosophy ( 8 "t4 ,:5 ! judges ( 
! ,inquisition condemn$ him1 to die1    
,bruno said pr\dly3 ,y are m afraid to  
pron\nce my s5t5ce ?an ,i am to receive 
x4  ,to him succe$$ ,galileo1 ^: "* z a 
man ( sci5ce is almo/ eclips$ by t ( !  
m>tyr4 ,d5\nc$ by ! prie/s f ! pulpit1  
because ( ! views he taught z to !      
motion ( ! e>?1 he 0 summon$ to ,rome1 9

 8 sev5tie? ye>1 to answ] = 8 het]odoxy4
 ,& he 0 imprison$ 9 ! ,inquisition1 if 
he 0 n actually put to ! torture !re4   
,he 0 pursu$ by p]secution ev5 :5 dead1 
! ,pope refus+ a tomb = 8 body4  ,rog]  
,bacon1 ! ,franciscan monk1 0 p]secut$  
on acc\nt ( 8 /udies 9 natural          
philosophy1 & he 0 *>g$ )1 deal+ 9      
magic1 because ( 8 inve/igations 9      
*emi/ry4 ,8 writ+s 7 condemn$1 & he 0   
?r[n into prison1 :]e he lay = t5 ye>s1 
dur+ ! lives ( f\r successive ,popes4 ,x
 is ev5 av]r$ t he di$ 9 prison4        
,ockham1 ! e>ly ,engli% speculative     
philosoph]1 0 excommunicat$ by ! ,pope1 
& di$ 9 exile at ,muni*1 :]e he 0       
protect$ by ! fri5d%ip ( ! !n ,emp]or ( 
,g]many4  ,! ,inquisition br&$ ,vesalius
 z a h]etic = reveal+ man to man1 z x _h
 be=e br&$ ,bruno & ,galileo = reveal+ !
 heav5s to man4 ,vesalius _h ! boldness 
to /udy ! /ructure ( ! human body by    
actual dissection1 a practice until !n  
almo/ entirely =bidd54 ,he laid !       
f\ndations ( a sci5ce1 b he paid = x ) 8

 life4 ,condemn$ by ! ,inquisition1 8   
p5alty 0 commut$1 by ! int]cession ( !  
,spani% k+1 into a pilgrimage to ! ,holy
 ,l&2 & :5 on 8 way back1 :ile /ill 9 ! 
prime ( life1 he di$ mis]ably at ,zante1
 ( fev] & want--a m>tyr to 8 love (     
sci5ce4  ,:5 ! ',novum ,organon' appe>$1
 a hue-&-cry 0 rais$ aga9/ x1 because ( 
its alleg$ t5d5cy to produce dang]\s    
revolutions1 to subv]t gov]nm5ts1 & to  
ov]turn ! au?ority ( religion2 #adb & "o
 ,dr4 ,h5ry ,/ubbe #ad^: "n w\ld o!rwise
 h be5 =gott5 wrote a book aga9/ ! new  
philosophy1 d5\nc+ ! :ole tribe (       
exp]im5tali/s z a ,bacon-fac$ g5]ation4 
,ev5 ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,royal ,society 0 
oppos$1 on ! gr\nd t exp]im5tal         
philosophy is subv]sive ( ! ,*ri/ian    
fai?4  ,:ile ! foll[]s ( ,cop]nicus 7   
p]secut$ z infidels1 ,kepl] 0 br&$ ) !  
/igma ( h]esy1 because1 said he1 ,i take
 t side :i* seems to me to be consonant 
) ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,ev5 ! pure & simplem9d$
 ,newton1 ( :om ,bi%op ,burnet said t he
 _h ! ,,:ite/ ,,s\l he ev] knew--:o 0 a 

v infant 9 ! purity ( 8 m9d--ev5 ,newton
 0 accus$ ( de?ron+ ! ,deity by 8       
sublime discov]y ( ! law ( gravitation2 
& a simil> *>ge 0 made aga9/ ,frankl9 = 
expla9+ ! nature ( ! ?und]bolt4  ,sp9oza
 0 excommunicat$ by ! ,jews1 to :om he  
belong$1 because ( 8 views ( philosophy1
 :i* 7 suppos$ to be adv]se to religion2
 & 8 life 0 aft]w>ds attempt$ by an     
assass9 = ! same reason4 ,sp9oza rema9$ 
c\rage\s & self-reliant to ! la/1 dy+ 9 
obscurity & pov]ty4  ,! philosophy (    
,desc>tes 0 d5\nc$ z lead+ to           
irreligion2 ! doctr9es ( ,locke 7 said  
to produce mat]ialism2 & 9 our own day1 
,dr4 ,buckl&1 ,mr4 ,s$gwick1 & o!r lead+
 geologi/s1 h be5 accus$ ( ov]turn+     
revelation ) reg>d to ! con/itution &   
hi/ory ( ! e>?4 ,inde$1 !re has sc>cely 
be5 a discov]y 9 a/ronomy1 9 natural    
hi/ory1 or 9 physical sci5ce1 t has n   
be5 attack$ by ! bigot$ & n>r[-m9d$ z   
lead+ to infidelity4  ,o!r great        
discov]]s1 ?\gh !y may n h be5 *>g$ )   
irreligion1 h _h n less obloquy ( a     

pr(essional & public nature to enc\nt]4 
,:5 ,dr4 ,h>vey publi%$ 8 !ory ( !      
circulation ( ! blood1 8 practice fell  
(f1 #adc & ! m$ical pr(ession /igmatis$ 
him z a fool4 ,! few good ?+s ,i h be5  
able to d1 said ,john ,hunt]1 h be5     
accompli%$ ) ! greate/ difficulty1 &    
enc\nt]$ ! greate/ opposition4 ,sir     
,*>les ,bell1 :ile employ$ 9 8 important
 inve/igations z to ! n]v\s sy/em1 :i*  
issu$ 9 "o ( ! greate/ ( physiological  
discov]ies1 wrote to a fri5d3 ,if ,i 7 n
 s poor1 & _h n s _m vexations to       
enc\nt]1 h[ happy w\ld ,i be6 ,b he     
himself obs]v$ t 8 practice s5sibly fell
 (f aft] ! publication ( ea* successive 
/age ( 8 discov]y4  ,?us1 ne>ly e       
enl>gem5t ( ! doma9 ( k1 :i* has made u 
bett] acqua9t$ ) ! heav5s1 ) ! e>?1 & ) 
ourselves1 has be5 e/abli%$ by ! en]gy1 
! devotion1 ! self-sacrifice1 & ! c\rage
 ( ! great spirits ( pa/ times1 :o1     
h[ev] mu* !y h be5 oppos$ or revil$ by  
_! contempor>ies1 n[ rank among/ ^? :om 
! enlight5$ ( ! human race mo/ delight  

to hon\r4  ,nor is ! unju/ intol]ance   
display$ t[>ds m5 ( sci5ce 9 ! pa/1 )\t 
its lesson = ! pres5t4 ,x tea*es u to be
 =be>ant t[>ds ^? :o diff] f u1 provid$ 
!y obs]ve pati5tly1 ?9k hone/ly1 & utt] 
_! convictions freely & tru?fully4 ,x 0 
a rem>k ( ,plato1 t ! _w is ,god's      
epi/le to mank9d2 & to read & /udy t    
epi/le1 s z to elicit its true mean+1 c 
h no o!r effect on a well-ord]$ m9d ?an 
to lead to a deep] impression ( ,8 p[]1 
a cle>] p]ception ( ,8 wisdom1 & a m    
grateful s5se ( ,8 goodness4  ,:ile su* 
has be5 ! c\rage ( ! m>tyrs ( sci5ce1 n 
less glori\s has be5 ! c\rage ( ! m>tyrs
 ( fai?4 ,! passive endurance ( ! man or
 woman :o1 = consci5ce sake1 is f\nd    
ready to suff] & to endure 9 solitude1  
)\t s mu* z ! enc\ragem5t ( ev5 a s+le  
sympa?is+ voice1 is an exhibition (     
c\rage ( a f> high] k9d ?an t display$ 9
 ! ro> ( battle1 :]e ev5 ! weake/ feels 
enc\rag$ & inspir$ by ! en?usiasm (     
sympa?y & ! p[] ( numb]s4 ,"t w\ld fail 
to tell ( ! dea?less names ( ^? :o ?r\gh

 fai? 9 pr9ciples1 & 9 ! face (         
difficulty1 dang]1 & suff]+1 h wr\ght   
righte\sness & wax$ valiant 9 ! moral   
w>f>e ( ! _w1 & be5 cont5t to lay d[n _!
 lives r ?an prove false to _!          
consci5ti\s convictions ( ! tru?4  ,m5 (
 ?is /amp1 inspir$ by a high s5se (     
duty1 h 9 pa/ times exhibit$ "* 9 its   
mo/ h]oic aspects1 & cont9ue to pres5t  
to u "s ( ! noble/ spectacles to be se5 
9 hi/ory4 ,ev5 wom51 full ( t5d]ness &  
g5tl5ess1 n less ?an m51 h 9 ?is cause  
be5 f\nd capable ( exhibit+ ! mo/       
unfl9*+ c\rage4 ,su*1 = in/ance1 z t (  
,anne ,askew1 :o1 :5 rack$ until h]     
bones 7 dislocat$1 utt]$ no cry1 mov$ no
 muscle1 b look$ h] torm5tors calmly 9 !
 face1 & refus$ ei!r to confess or to   
recant2 or su* z t ( ,latim] & ,ridley1 
:o1 in/ead ( bewail+ _! h>d fate & beat+
 _! brea/s1 w5t z *e]fully to _! dea? z 
a bridegroom to ! alt>--! "o bidd+ ! o!r
 to be ( good com=t1 = t we %all ?is day
 light su* a c&le 9 ,engl&1 by ,god's   
grace1 z %all nev] be put out2 or su*1  

aga91 z t ( ,m>y ,dy]1 ! ,quak]ess1     
hang$ by ! ,puritans ( ,new ,engl& =    
prea*+ to ! p1 :o asc5d$ ! scaffold ) a 
will+ /ep1 &1 aft] calmly address+ ^? :o
 /ood ab\t1 resign$ h]self into ! h&s ( 
h] p]secutors1 & di$ 9 peace & joy4  ,n 
less c\rage\s 0 ! behavi\r ( ! good ,sir
 ,?omas ,m1 :o m>*$ will+ly to !        
scaffold1 & di$ *e]fully !re1 r ?an     
prove false to 8 consci5ce4 ,:5 ,m _h   
made 8 f9al decision to /& ^u 8         
pr9ciples1 he felt z if he _h won a     
victory1 & said to 8 son-9-law ,rop]3   
,son ,rop]1 ,i ?ank ,our ,"l1 ! field is
 won6 ,! ,duke ( ,norfolk told him ( 8  
dang]1 say+3 ,by ! mass1 ,ma/] ,m1 x is 
p]il\s /riv+ ) pr9ces2 ! ang] ( a pr9ce 
br+s dea?64 ,is t all1 my "l8 said ,m2  
!n ! diff]5ce betwe5 y & me is ?is--t ,i
 %all die to-day1 & y to-morr[4  ,:ile x
 has be5 ! lot ( _m great m51 9 times ( 
difficulty & dang]1 to be *e]$ &        
support$ by _! wives1 ,m _h no su*      
consolation4 ,8 helpmate did any?+ b    
console him dur+ 8 imprisonm5t 9 ! ,t[]4

 #add ,%e c\ld n conceive t !re 0 any   
suffici5t reason = 8 cont9u+ to lie !re1
 :5 by m]ely do+ :at ! ,k+ requir$ (    
him1 he might at once enjoy 8 lib]ty1   
toge!r ) 8 f9e h\se at ,*elsea1 8       
libr>y1 8 or*>d1 8 gall]y1 & ! society (
 8 wife & *ildr54 ,i m>vel1 said %e to  
him "o day1 t y1 :o h be5 alway hi!rto  
tak5 = wise1 %\ld n[ s play ! fool z to 
lie "h 9 ?is close fil?y prison1 & be   
cont5t to be %ut up among/ mice & rats1 
:5 y might be abroad at y\r lib]ty1 if y
 w\ld b d z ! bi%ops h done8 ,b ,m saw 8
 duty f a diff]5t po9t ( view3 x 0 n a  
m]e matt] ( p]sonal com=t ) him2 & !    
expo/ulations ( 8 wife 7 ( no avail4 ,he
 g5tly put h] aside1 say+ *e]fully1 ,is 
n ?is h\se z nigh heav5 z my own8--to   
:i* %e contemptu\sly rejo9$3 ,tilly     
vally--tilly vally6  ,m's daught]1      
,m>g>et ,rop]1 on ! contr>y1 enc\rag$ h]
 fa!r to /& firm 9 8 pr9ciples1 &       
dutifully consol$ & *e]$ him dur+ 8 long
 conf9em5t4 ,depriv$ ( p5-&-ink1 he     
wrote 8 lett]s to h] ) a piece ( coal1  

say+ 9 "o ( !m3 ,if ,i 7 to decl>e 9    
writ+ h[ mu* pleasure y\r daught]ly lov+
 lett]s gave me1 a ,,peck ,,( ,,coals   
w\ld n suffice to make ! p5s4 ,m 0 a    
m>tyr to v]acity3 he w\ld n swe> a false
 oa?2 & he p]i%$ because he 0 s9c]e4 ,:5
 8 head _h be5 /ruck (f1 x 0 plac$ on   
,london ,bridge1 9 accordance ) ! b>b>\s
 practice ( ! times4 ,m>g>et ,rop] _h ! 
c\rage to ask = ! head to be tak5 d[n & 
giv5 to h]1 &1 c>ry+ h] affection = h]  
fa!r beyond ! grave1 %e desir$ t x might
 be buri$ ) h] :5 %e di$2 & long aft]1  
:5 ,m>g>et ,rop]'s tomb 0 op5$1 !       
preci\s relic 0 obs]v$ ly+ on ! du/ (   
:at _h be5 h] bosom4  ,m>t9 ,lu!r 0 n   
call$ ^u to lay d[n 8 life = 8 fai?2 b1 
f ! day t he decl>$ himself aga9/ !     
,pope1 he daily ran ! risk ( los+ x4 ,at
 ! beg9n+ ( 8 great /ruggle1 he /ood    
almo/ entirely alone4 ,! odds aga9/ him 
7 trem5d\s4 ,on "o side1 said he        
himself1 are le>n+1 g5ius1 numb]s1      
gr&eur1 rank1 p[]1 sanctity1 miracles2  
on ! o!r ,wycliffe1 ,lor5zo ,valla1     

,augu/9e1 & ,lu!r--a poor creature1 a   
man ( ye/]day1 /&+ wellnigh alone ) a   
few fri5ds4 ,summon$ by ! ,emp]or to    
appe> at ,worms2 to answ] ! *>ge made   
aga9/ him ( h]esy1 he det]m9$ to answ] 9
 p]son4 ,^? ab\t him told him t he w\ld 
lose 8 life if he w5t1 & !y urg$ him to 
fly4 ,no1 said he1 ,i w repair ?i!r1    
?\gh ,i %\ld f9d !re ?rice z _m devils z
 !re are tiles ^u ! h\setops6 ,w>n$     
aga9/ ! bitt] enmity ( a c]ta9 ,duke    
,george1 he said--,i w g !re1 ?\gh = n9e
 :ole days runn+ x ra9$ ,duke ,georges4 
,lu!r 0 z good z 8 ^w2 & he set =? ^u 8 
p]il\s j\rney4 ,:5 he came 9 sight ( !  
old bell-t[]s ( ,worms1 he /ood up 9 8  
*>iot & sang1 ,,e9 ,,fe/e ,,burg ,,i/   
,,uns] ,,gott4--! ',m>seillaise' ( !    
,re=mation--! words & music ( :i* he is 
said to h improvis$ only two days be=e4 
,%ortly be=e ! meet+ ( ! ,diet1 an old  
soldi]1 ,george ,freundesb]g1 put 8 h&  
^u ,lu!r's %\ld]1 & said to him3 ,good  
monk1 good monk1 take he$ :at ?\ doe/2  
?\ art go+ into a h>d] fight ?an any ( u

 h ev] yet be5 94 ,b ,lu!r's only answ] 
to ! vet]an 01 t he _h det]m9$ to /& ^u 
! ,bible & 8 consci5ce4  ,lu!r's        
c\rage\s def5ce be=e ! ,diet is on      
record1 & =ms "o ( ! mo/ glori\s pages 9
 hi/ory4 ,:5 f9ally urg$ by ! ,emp]or to
 retract1 he said firmly3 ,sire1 unless 
,i am conv9c$ ( my error by ! te/imony (
 ,scripture1 or by manife/ evid5ce1 ,i  
_c & w n retract1 = we mu/ nev] act     
contr>y to our consci5ce4 ,su* is my    
pr(ession ( fai?1 & y mu/ expect none   
o!r f me4 ,,hi] ,,/ehe ,,i*3 ,,i* ,,kann
 ,,ni*t ,,&]s3 ,,gott ,,helfe ,,mir6    
#ad;,"h /& ,i3 ,i _c d o!rwise3 ,god    
help me64 ,he _h to d 8 duty--to obey ! 
ord]s ( a ,p[] high] ?an t ( k+s2 & he  
did x at all haz>ds4  ,aft]w>ds1 :5 h>d 
press$ by 8 enemies at ,augsburg1 ,lu!r 
said t if he _h five hundr$ heads1 he   
w\ld lose !m all r ?an recant 8 article 
conc]n+ fai?4 ,l all c\rage\s m51 8     
/r5g? only seem$ to gr[ 9 proportion to 
! difficulties he _h to enc\nt] &       
ov]come4 ,!re is no man 9 ,g]many1 said 

,hutt51 :o m utt]ly despises dea? ?an   
does ,lu!r4 ,& to 8 moral c\rage1 p]haps
 m ?an to t ( any o!r s+le man1 d we owe
 ! lib]ation ( mod]n ?\ght1 & !         
v9dication ( ! great rights ( ! human   
und]/&+4  ,! hon\rable & brave man does 
n fe> dea? comp>$ ) ignom9y4 ,x is said 
( ! ,royali/ ,e>l ( ,/raf=d t1 z he     
walk$ to ! scaffold on ,t[] ,hill1 8 /ep
 & mann] 7 ^? ( a g5]al m>*+ at ! head (
 an army to secure victory1 r ?an ( a   
condemn$ man to und]go s5t5ce ( dea?4 ,s
 ! ,commonweal?'s man1 ,sir ,john       
,eliot1 w5t alike bravely to 8 dea? on !
 same spot1 say+3 ,t5 ?\s& dea?s r ?an  
defile my consci5ce1 ! *a/ity & purity (
 :i* ,i value beyond all ?is _w4        
,eliot's greate/ tribulation 0 on acc\nt
 ( 8 wife1 :om he _h to leave beh9d4 ,:5
 he saw h] look+ d[n ^u him f ! ,t[]    
w9d[1 he /ood up 9 ! c>t1 wav$ 8 hat1 & 
cri$3 ,to heav51 my love6--to heav56--& 
leave y 9 ! /orm6 ,z he w5t on 8 way1 "o
 9 ! cr[d call$ out1 ,t is ! mo/ glori\s
 seat y ev] sat on2 to :i* he repli$3 ,x

 is s1 inde$6 & rejoic$ exce$+ly4 #ade  
,al?\gh success is ! gu]don = :i* all m5
 toil1 !y h nev]!less (t5 to lab\r on   
p]sev]+ly1 )\t any glimm] ( success 9   
sight4 ,!y h to live1 mean:ile1 ^u _!   
c\rage--s[+ _! se$1 x may be1 9 ! d>k1 9
 ! hope t x w yet take root & spr+ up 9 
a*iev$ result4 ,! be/ ( causes h _h to  
fight _! way to triumph ?r\gh a long    
succession ( failures1 & _m ( !         
assailants h di$ 9 ! brea* be=e ! =tress
 has be5 won4 ,! h]oism !y h display$ is
 to be measur$1 n s mu* by _! imm$iate  
success1 z by ! opposition !y h         
enc\nt]$1 & ! c\rage ) :i* !y h ma9ta9$ 
! /ruggle4  ,! patriot :o fights an     
always-los+ battle--! m>tyr :o goes to  
dea? amid/ ! triumphant %\ts ( 8        
enemies--! discov]]1 l ,columbus1 ^:    
he>t rema9s undaunt$ ?r\gh ! bitt] ye>s 
( 8 long w&]+ woe--are examples ( !     
moral sublime :i* excite a pr(\nd]      
int]e/ 9 ! he>ts ( m5 ?an ev5 ! mo/     
complete & conspicu\s success4 ,by !    
side ( su* in/ances z ^!1 h[ small by   

comp>ison seem ! greate/ de$s ( val\r1  
incit+ m5 to ru% ^u dea? & die amid/ !  
fr5zi$ excitem5t ( physical w>f>e6  ,b !
 great] "p ( ! c\rage t is ne$$ 9 ! _w  
is n ( a h]oic k9d4 ,c\rage may be      
display$ 9 ev]yday life z well z 9      
hi/oric fields ( action4 ,!re ne$s1 =   
example1 ! common c\rage to be hone/--! 
c\rage to resi/ temptation--! c\rage to 
speak ! tru?--! c\rage to be :at we     
really are1 & n to pret5d to be :at we  
are n--! c\rage to live hone/ly )9 our  
own means1 & n di%one/ly ^u ! means (   
o!rs4  ,a great deal ( ! unhapp9ess1 &  
mu* ( ! vice1 ( ! _w is ow+ to weakness 
& indecision ( purpose--9 o!r words1 to 
lack ( c\rage4 ,m5 may "k :at is "r1 &  
yet fail to ex]cise ! c\rage to d x2 !y 
may und]/& ! duty !y h to d1 b w n      
summon up ! requisite resolution to p]=m
 x4 ,! weak & undiscipl9$ man is at !   
m]cy ( e temptation2 he _c say ,no1 b   
falls be=e x4 ,& if 8 companion%ip be   
bad1 he w be all ! easi] l$ away by bad 
example into wrongdo+4  ,no?+ c be m    

c]ta9 ?an t ! "* c only be su/a9$ &     
/r5g!n$ by its own en]getic action4 ,!  
w1 :i* is ! c5tral =ce ( "*1 mu/ be     
tra9$ to habits ( decision--o!rwise x w 
nei!r be able to resi/ evil nor to foll[
 good4 ,decision gives ! p[] ( /&+      
firmly1 :5 to yield1 h[ev] slightly1    
might be only ! fir/ /ep 9 a d[nhill    
c\rse to ru94  ,call+ ^u o!rs = help 9  
=m+ a decision is worse ?an useless4 ,a 
man mu/ s tra9 8 habits z to rely ^u 8  
own p[]s & dep5d ^u 8 own c\rage 9      
mom5ts ( em]g5cy4 ,plut>* tells ( a ,k+ 
( ,mac$on :o1 9 ! mid/ ( an action1     
)drew into ! adjo9+ t[n "u pret5ce (    
sacrific+ to ,h]cules2 :il/ 8 oppon5t   
,emilius1 at ! same "t t he implor$ !   
,div9e aid1 s\ght = victory sword 9 h&1 
& won ! battle4 ,& s x ev] is 9 !       
actions ( daily life4  ,_m are ! valiant
 purposes =m$1 t end m]ely 9 words2 de$s
 int5d$1 t are nev] done2 designs       
project$1 t are nev] begun2 & all = want
 ( a little c\rage\s decision4 ,bett] f>
 ! sil5t tongue b ! eloqu5t de$4 ,= 9   

life & 9 bus9ess1 despat* is bett] ?an  
disc\rse2 & ! %orte/ answ] ( all is1    
,,do+4 ,9 matt]s ( great conc]n1 & :i*  
mu/ be done1 says ,tillotson1 !re is no 
sur] argum5t ( a weak m9d ?an           
irresolution--to be undet]m9$ :5 ! case 
is s pla9 & ! necessity s urg5t4 ,to be 
always int5d+ to live a new life1 b nev]
 to f9d "t to set ab\t x1--?is is z if a
 man %\ld put (f eat+ & dr9k+ & sleep+ f
 "o day to ano!r1 until he is />v$ &    
de/roy$4  ,!re ne$s also ! ex]cise ( no 
small degree ( moral c\rage to resi/ !  
corrupt+ influ5ces ( :at is call$       
,society4 ,al?\gh ,mrs4 ,grundy may be a
 v vulg> & commonplace p]sonage1 h]     
influ5ce is nev]!less prodigi\s4 ,mo/   
m51 b especially wom51 are ! moral      
slaves ( ! class or ca/e to :i* !y      
belong4 ,!re is a sort ( unconsci\s     
conspiracy exi/+ among/ !m aga9/ ea*    
o!r's individuality4 ,ea* circle &      
section1 ea* rank & class1 has its      
respective cu/oms & obs]vances1 to :i*  
con=mity is requir$ at ! risk ( be+     

taboo$4 ,"s are immur$ )9 a ba/ile (    
fa%ion1 o!rs ( cu/om1 o!rs ( op9ion2 &  
few !re are :o h ! c\rage to ?9k outside
 _! sect1 to act outside _! p>ty1 & to  
/ep out into ! free air ( individual    
?\ght & action4 ,we dress1 & eat1 &     
foll[ fa%ion1 ?\gh x may be at ! risk ( 
debt1 ru91 & mis]y2 liv+ n s mu* accord+
 to our means1 z accord+ to ! sup]/iti\s
 obs]vances ( our class4 ,?\gh we may   
speak contemptu\sly ( ! ,indians :o     
flatt5 _! heads1 & ( ! ,*9ese :o cramp  
_! toes1 we h only to look at !         
de=mities ( fa%ion among/ ourselves1 to 
see t ! reign ( ,mrs4 ,grundy is        
univ]sal4  ,b moral c[>dice is exhibit$ 
q z mu* 9 public z 9 private life4      
,snobbism is n conf9$ to ! toady+ ( !   
ri*1 b is q z (t5 display$ 9 ! toady+ ( 
! poor4 ,=m]ly1 sycophancy %[$ itself 9 
n d>+ to speak ! tru? to ^? 9 high      
places2 b 9 ^! days x r %[s itself 9 n  
d>+ to speak ! tru? to ^? 9 l[ places4  
,n[ t ! masses #adf ex]cise political   
p[]1 !re is a gr[+ t5d5cy to fawn ^u !m1

 to flatt] !m1 & to speak no?+ b smoo?  
words to !m4 ,!y are cr$it$ ) virtues   
:i* !y !mselves "k !y d n possess4 ,!   
public enunciation ( :olesome because   
disagreeable tru?s is avoid$2 &1 to w9  
_! fav\r1 sympa?y is (t5 pret5d$ =      
views1 ! c>ry+ out ( :i* 9 practice is  
kn[n to be hopeless4  ,x is n ! man ( ! 
noble/ "*--! highe/-cultur$ &           
be/-condition$ man--^: fav\r is n[      
s\ght1 s mu* z t ( ! l[e/ man1 !        
lea/-cultur$ & wor/-condition$ man1     
because 8 vote is usually t ( !         
majority4 ,ev5 m5 ( rank1 weal?1 &      
education1 are se5 pro/rat+ !mselves    
be=e ! ignorant1 ^: votes are ?us to be 
got4 ,!y are ready to be unpr9cipl$ &   
unju/ r ?an unpopul>4 ,x is s mu* easi] 
= "s m5 to /oop1 to b[1 & to flatt]1 ?an
 to be manly1 resolute1 & magnanim\s2 & 
to yield to prejudices ?an run c\nt] to 
!m4 ,x requires /r5g? & c\rage to swim  
aga9/ ! /ream1 :ile any dead fi% c float
 ) x4  ,?is s]vile p&]+ to popul>ity has
 be5 rapidly on ! increase ( late ye>s1 

& its t5d5cy has be5 to l[] & degrade ! 
"* ( public m54 ,consci5ces h become m  
ela/ic4 ,!re is n[ "o op9ion = ! *amb]1 
& ano!r = ! plat=m4 ,prejudices are p&]$
 to 9 public1 :i* 9 private are despis$4
 ,pret5d$ conv]sions--:i* inv>iably jump
 ) p>ty int]e/s are m sudd52 & ev5      
hypocrisy n[ appe>s to be sc>cely ?\ght 
discr$itable4  ,! same moral c[>dice    
ext5ds d[nw>ds z well z upw>ds4 ,!      
action & reaction are equal4 ,hypocrisy 
& times]v+ above are accompani$ by      
hypocrisy & times]v+ bel[4 ,:]e m5 (    
high /&+ h n ! c\rage ( _! op9ions1 :at 
is to be expect$ f m5 ( l[ /&+8 ,!y w   
only foll[ su* examples z are set be=e  
!m4 ,!y too w skulk1 & dodge1 &         
prev>icate--be ready to speak "o way &  
act ano!r--j l _! bett]s4 ,give !m b a  
seal$ box1 or "s hole-&-corn] to hide _!
 act 91 & !y w !n enjoy _! lib]ty6      
,popul>ity1 z won 9 ^! days1 is by no   
means a presumption 9 a man's fav\r1 b  
is q z (t5 a presumption aga9/ him4 ,no 
man1 says ! ,russian prov]b1 c rise to  

hon\r :o is curs$ ) a /iff backbone4 ,b 
! backbone ( ! popul>ity-hunt] is (     
gri/le2 & he has no difficulty 9 /oop+ &
 b5d+ himself 9 any direction to cat* ! 
brea? ( popul> applause4  ,:]e popul>ity
 is won by fawn+ ^u ! p1 by )hold+ !    
tru? f !m1 by writ+ & speak+ d[n to !   
l[e/ ta/es1 & /ill worse by appeals to  
class-hatr$1 #adg su* a popul>ity mu/ be
 simply contemptible 9 ! sight ( all    
hone/ m54 ,j]emy ,b5?am1 speak+ ( a     
well-kn[n public "*1 said3 ,8 cre$ (    
politics results less f love ( ! _m ?an 
f hatr$ ( ! few2 x is too mu* "u !      
influ5ce ( selfi% & dissocial affection4
 ,to h[ _m m5 9 our own day might n !   
same description apply8  ,m5 ( /]l+ "* h
 ! c\rage to speak ! tru?1 ev5 :5 x is  
unpopul>4 ,x 0 said ( ,colonel ,hut*9son
 by 8 wife1 t he nev] s\ght aft] popul> 
applause1 or prid$ himself on x3 ,he m  
delight$ to d well ?an to be prais$1 &  
nev] set vulg> comm5dations at su* a    
rate z to act contr>y to 8 own consci5ce
 or reason = ! obta9+ !m2 nor w\ld he   

=be> a good action :i* he 0 b\nd to1    
?\gh all ! _w dislik$ x2 = he ev] look$ 
on ?+s z !y 7 9 !mselves1 n ?r\gh ! dim 
spectacles ( vulg> e/imation4 #adh      
,popul>ity1 9 ! l[e/ & mo/ common s5se1 
said ,sir ,john ,pak+ton1 on a rec5t    
occasion1 #adi is n wor? ! hav+4 ,d y\r 
duty to ! be/ ( y\r p[]1 w9 !           
approbation ( y\r own consci5ce1 &      
popul>ity1 9 its be/ & highe/ s5se1 is  
sure to foll[4  ,:5 ,ri*>d ,lovell      
,edgewor?1 t[>ds ! close ( 8 life1      
became v popul> 9 8 neighb\rhood1 he    
said "o day to 8 daught]3 ,m>ia1 ,i am  
gr[+ dreadfully popul>2 ,i %all be good 
= no?+ soon2 a man _c be good = any?+ :o
 is v popul>4 ,probably he _h 9 8 m9d at
 ! "t ! ,gospel curse ( ! popul> man1   
,woe unto y1 :5 all m5 %all speak well (
 y6 = s did _! fa!rs to ! false         
prophets4  ,intellectual intrepidity is 
"o ( ! vital conditions ( indep5d5ce &  
self-reliance ( "*4 ,a man mu/ h !      
c\rage to be himself1 & n ! %ad[ or !   
e*o ( ano!r4 ,he mu/ ex]cise 8 own p[]s1

 ?9k 8 own ?\ghts1 & speak 8 own        
s5tim5ts4 ,he mu/ elaborate 8 own       
op9ions1 & =m 8 own convictions4 ,x has 
be5 said t he :o d>e n =m an op9ion1 mu/
 be a c[>d2 he :o w n1 mu/ be an idl]2  
he :o _c1 mu/ be a fool4  ,b x is       
precisely 9 ?is elem5t ( intrepidity t s
 _m p]sons ( promise fall %ort1 &       
disappo9t ! expectations ( _! fri5ds4   
,!y m>* up to ! sc5e ( action1 b at e   
/ep _! c\rage oozes out4 ,!y want !     
requisite decision1 c\rage1 &           
p]sev]ance4 ,!y calculate ! risks1 &    
weigh ! *ances1 until ! opportunity =   
effective ef=t has pass$1 x may be nev] 
to return4  ,m5 are b\nd to speak ! tru?
 9 ! love ( x4 ,i _h r suff]1 said ,john
 ,pym1 ! ,commonweal? man1 = speak+ !   
tru?1 ?an t ! tru? %\ld suff] = want (  
my speak+4 ,:5 a man's convictions are  
hone/ly =m$1 aft] fair & full           
consid]ation1 he is ju/ifi$ 9 /riv+ by  
all fair means to br+ !m into action4   
,!re are c]ta9 /ates ( society &        
conditions ( affairs 9 :i* a man is b\nd

 to speak out1 & be antagoni/ic--:5     
con=mity is n only a weakness1 b a s94  
,great evils are 9 "s cases only to be  
met by resi/ance2 !y _c be wept d[n1 b  
mu/ be battl$ d[n4  ,! hone/ man is     
naturally antagoni/ic to fraud1 !       
tru?ful man to ly+1 ! ju/ice-lov+ man to
 oppression1 ! purem9d$ man to vice &   
iniquity4 ,!y h to d battle ) ^!        
conditions1 & if possible ov]come !m4   
,su* m5 h 9 all ages repres5t$ ! moral  
=ce ( ! _w4 ,inspir$ by b5evol5ce &     
su/a9$ by c\rage1 !y h be5 ! ma9/ays (  
all social r5ovation & progress4 ,b = _!
 cont9u\s antagonism to evil conditions1
 ! _w 7 = ! mo/ "p giv5 ov] to ! dom9ion
 ( selfi%ness & vice4 ,all ! great      
re=m]s & m>tyrs 7 antagoni/ic           
m5--enemies to falsehood & evildo+4 ,!  
,apo/les !mselves 7 an organis$ b& (    
social antagoni/s1 :o cont5d$ ) pride1  
selfi%ness1 sup]/ition1 & irreligion4 ,&
 9 our own "t ! lives ( su* m5 z        
,cl>kson & ,granville ,%>pe1 ,fa!r ,ma!w
 & ,ri*>d ,cobd51 inspir$ by s+l5ess (  

purpose1 h %[n :at highm9d$ social      
antagonism c effect4  ,x is ! /rong &   
c\rage\s m5 :o lead & guide & rule ! _w4
 ,! weak & timid leave no trace beh9d   
!m2 :il/ ! life ( a s+le upright &      
en]getic man is l a track ( light4 ,8   
example is rememb]$ & appeal$ to2 & 8   
?\ghts1 8 _s1 & 8 c\rage cont9ue to be !
 inspiration ( succe$+ g5]ations4  ,x is
 en]gy--! c5tral elem5t ( :i* is w--t   
produces ! miracles ( en?usiasm 9 all   
ages4 ,ev]y:]e x is ! ma9spr+ ( :at is  
call$ =ce ( "*1 & ! su/a9+ p[] ( all    
great action4 ,9 a righte\s cause !     
det]m9$ man /&s ^u 8 c\rage z ^u a      
granite block2 &1 l ,david1 he w g =? to
 meet ,golia?1 /rong 9 he>t ?\gh an ho/ 
be encamp$ aga9/ him4  ,m5 (t5 conqu]   
difficulties because !y feel !y c4 ,_!  
confid5ce 9 !mselves inspires !         
confid5ce ( o!rs4 ,:5 ,caes> 0 at sea1 &
 a /orm began to rage1 ! capta9 ( ! %ip 
:i* c>ri$ him became unmann$ by fe>4    
,:at art ?\ afraid (8 cri$ ! great      
capta92 ?y vessel c>ries ,caes>6 ,!     

c\rage ( ! brave man is contagi\s1 &    
c>ries o!rs along ) x4 ,8 /rong] nature 
awes weak] natures into sil5ce1 or      
inspires !m ) 8 own w & purpose4  ,!    
p]si/5t man w n be baffl$ or repuls$ by 
opposition4 ,diog5es1 desir\s ( becom+ !
 disciple ( ,anti/h5es1 w5t & (f]$      
himself to ! cynic4 ,he 0 refus$4       
,diog5es /ill p]si/+1 ! cynic rais$ 8   
knotty /aff1 & ?reat5$ to /rike him if  
he did n dep>t4 ,/rike6 said ,diog5es2 y
 w n f9d a /ick h>d en\gh to conqu] my  
p]sev]ance4 ,anti/h5es1 ov]come1 _h n   
ano!r ^w to say1 b =?) accept$ him z 8  
pupil4  ,en]gy ( temp]am5t1 ) a mod]ate 
degree ( wisdom1 w c>ry a man fur!r ?an 
any am\nt ( intellect )\t x4 ,en]gy     
makes ! man ( practical ability4 ,x     
gives him ,,vis1 =ce1 ,,mom5tum4 ,x is !
 active motive p[] ( "*2 & if comb9$ )  
sagacity & self-possession1 w enable a  
man to employ 8 p[]s to ! be/ advantage 
9 all ! affairs ( life4  ,h5ce x is t1  
inspir$ by en]gy ( purpose1 m5 (        
comp>atively m$iocre p[]s h (t5 be5     

enabl$ to accompli% su* extraord9>y     
results4 ,= ! m5 :o h mo/ p[]fully      
influ5c$ ! _w h n be5 s mu* m5 ( g5ius z
 m5 ( /rong convictions & endur+        
capacity = "w1 impell$ by irresi/ible   
en]gy & inv9cible det]m9ation3 su* m51 =
 example1 z 7 ,mahomet1 ,lu!r1 ,knox1   
,calv91 ,loyola1 & ,wesley4  ,c\rage1   
comb9$ ) en]gy & p]sev]ance1 w ov]come  
difficulties app>5tly insurm\ntable4 ,x 
gives =ce & impulse to ef=t1 & does n   
p]mit x to retreat4 ,tyndall said (     
,f>aday1 t 9 8 w>m mom5ts he =m$ a      
resolution1 & 9 8 cool ones he made t   
resolution good4 ,p]sev]ance1 work+ 9 ! 
"r direction1 gr[s ) "t1 & :5 /eadily   
practis$1 ev5 by ! mo/ humble1 w r>ely  
fail ( its rew>d4 ,tru/+ 9 ! help ( o!rs
 is ( comp>atively little use4 ,:5 "o ( 
,mi*ael ,angelo's pr9cipal patrons di$1 
he said3 ,i beg9 to und]/& t ! promises 
( ! _w are = ! mo/ "p va9 phantoms1 & t 
to confide 9 "o's self1 & become some?+ 
( wor? & value1 is ! be/ & safe/ c\rse4 
,c\rage is by no means incompatible )   

t5d]ness4 ,on ! contr>y1 g5tl5ess &     
t5d]ness h be5 f\nd to *>act]ise ! m51 n
 less ?an ! wom51 :o h done ! mo/       
c\rage\s de$s4 ,sir ,*>les ,napi] gave  
up sport+1 because he c\ld n be> to hurt
 dumb creatures4 ,! same g5tl5ess &     
t5d]ness *>act]is$ 8 bro!r1 ,sir        
,william1 ! hi/orian ( ! ,p59sul> ,w>4  
#adaj ,su* also 0 ! "* ( ,sir ,james    
,outram1 pron\nc$ by ,sir ,*>les ,napi] 
to be ! ,bay>d ( ,india1 ,,sans ,,peur  
,,et ,,sans ,,repro*e--"o ( ! brave/ &  
yet g5tle/ ( m52 respectful & rev]5t to 
wom51 t5d] to *ildr51 helpful ( ! weak1 
/]n to ! corrupt1 b k9dly z summ] to !  
hone/ & des]v+4 ,moreov]1 he 0 himself z
 hone/ z day1 & z pure z virtue4 ,( him 
x might be said ) tru?1 :at ,fulke      
,greville said ( ,sidney3 ,he 0 a true  
model ( wor?--a man fit = conque/1      
re=mation1 plantation1 or :at action    
soev] is ! greate/ & h>de/ among m52 8  
*ief ends )al be+ above all ?+s ! good (
 8 fell[s1 & ! s]vice ( 8 sov]eign &    
c\ntry4  ,:5 ,edw>d ! ,black ,pr9ce won 

! ,battle ( ,poicti]s1 9 :i* he took    
prison] ! ,fr5* k+ & 8 son1 he ent]ta9$ 
!m 9 ! ev5+ at a banquet1 :5 he insi/$  
on wait+ ^u & s]v+ !m at table4 ,!      
gallant pr9ce's knightly c\rtesy &      
demean\r won ! he>ts ( 8 captives z     
completely z 8 val\r _h won _! p]sons2  
=1 not)/&+ 8 y\?1 ,edw>d 0 a true       
knight1 ! fir/ & brave/ ( 8 "t--a noble 
patt]n & example ( *ivalry2 8 two       
mottoes1 ',ho*mu?' & ',i* di5' #ad;high 
_s & rev]5t s]vice n inaptly express+ 8 
prom95t & p]vad+ qualities4  ,x is !    
c\rage\s man :o c be/ af=d to be g5]\s2 
or r1 x is 8 nature to be s4 ,:5        
,fairfax1 at ! ,battle ( ,naseby1 seiz$ 
! col\rs f an ensign :om he _h /ruck d[n
 9 ! fight1 he h&$ !m to a common soldi]
 to take c>e (4 ,! soldi]1 unable to    
resi/ ! temptation1 boa/$ to 8 comrades 
t he _h himself seiz$ ! col\rs1 & ! boa/
 0 repeat$ to ,fairfax4 ,let him reta9 !
 hon\r1 said ! comm&]2 ,i h en\gh       
beside4  ,s :5 ,d\glas1 at ! ,battle (  
,bannockburn1 saw ,r&olph1 8 rival1     

outnumb]$ & app>5tly ov]p[]$ by ! enemy1
 he prep>$ to ha/5 to 8 assi/ance2 b1   
see+ t ,r&olph 0 already driv+ !m back1 
he cri$ out1 ,hold & halt6 ,we are come 
too late to aid !m2 let u n less5 !     
victory !y h won by affect+ to claim a  
%>e 9 x4  ,q z *ivalr\s1 ?\gh 9 a v     
diff]5t field ( action1 0 ! conduct (   
,laplace to ! "y philosoph] ,biot1 :5 ! 
latt] _h read to ! ,fr5* ,academy 8     
pap]1 ,,sur ,,les ,,equations ,,aux     
,,diff]5ce ,,melees4 ,! assembl$        
,,savans1 at its close1 felicitat$ !    
read] ( ! pap] on 8 orig9ality4 ,monge 0
 delight$ at 8 success4 ,laplace also   
prais$ him = ! cle>ness ( 8             
demon/rations1 & invit$ ,biot to        
accompany him home4 ,arriv$ !re1        
,laplace took f a closet 9 8 /udy a     
pap]1 yell[ ) age1 & h&$ x to ! "y      
philosoph]4 ,to ,biot's surprise1 he    
f\nd t x conta9$ ! solutions1 all work$ 
out1 = :i* he _h j ga9$ s mu* applause4 
,) r>e magnanimity1 ,laplace )held all k
 ( ! circum/ance f ,biot until ! latt]  

_h initiat$ 8 reputation be=e !         
,academy2 moreov]1 he enjo9$ him to     
sil5ce2 & ! incid5t w\ld h rema9$ a     
secret _h n ,biot himself publi%$ x1 "s 
fifty ye>s aft]w>ds4  ,an incid5t is    
relat$ ( a ,fr5* artisan1 exhibit+ !    
same *>act]i/ic ( self-sacrifice 9 ano!r
 =m4 ,9 front ( a l(ty h\se 9 c\rse (   
erection at ,p>is 0 ! usual scaffold1   
load$ ) m5 & mat]ials4 ,! scaffold1 be+ 
too weak1 sudd5ly broke d[n1 & ! m5 ^u x
 7 precipitat$ to ! gr\nd--all except   
two1 a "y man & a middle-ag$ "o1 :o hung
 on to a n>r[ l$ge1 :i* trembl$ "u _!   
weight1 & 0 evid5tly on ! po9t ( giv+   
way4 ,pi]re1 cri$ ! eld] ( ! two1 let g2
 ,i am ! fa!r ( a family4 ,c',,e/       
,,ju/e6 said ,pi]re2 &1 in/antly lett+ g
 8 hold1 he fell & 0 kill$ on ! spot4 ,!
 fa!r ( ! family 0 sav$4  ,! brave man  
is magnanim\s z well z g5tle4 ,he does n
 take ev5 an enemy at a disadvantage1   
nor /rike a man :5 he is d[n & unable to
 def5d himself4 ,ev5 9 ! mid/ ( deadly  
/rife su* in/ances ( g5]osity h n be5   

uncommon4 ,?us1 at ! ,battle ( ,dett+51 
dur+ ! heat ( ! action1 a squadron (    
,fr5* cavalry *>g$ an ,engli% regim5t2 b
 :5 ! "y ,fr5* (fic] :o l$ !m1 & 0 ab\t 
to attack ! ,engli% lead]1 obs]v$ t he  
_h only "o arm1 ) :i* he held 8 bridle1 
! ,fr5*man salut$ him c\rte\sly ) 8     
sword1 & pass$ on4 #adaa  ,x is relat$ (
 ,*>les ,v41 t aft] ! siege & capture ( 
,witt5burg by ! ,imp]iali/ army1 ! mon>*
 w5t to see ! tomb ( ,lu!r4 ,:ile read+ 
! inscription on x1 "o ( ! s]vile       
c\rti]s :o accompani$ him propos$ to op5
 ! grave1 & give ! a%es ( ! h]etic to ! 
w9ds4 ,! mon>*'s *eek flu%$ ) hone/     
indignation3 ,i w> n ) ! dead1 said he2 
let ?is place be respect$4  ,! portrait 
:i* ! great hea!n1 ,ari/otle1 drew ( !  
,magnanim\s ,man1 9 o!r words ! ,true   
,g5tleman1 m ?an two ?\s& ye>s ago1 is z
 fai?ful n[ z x 0 !n4 ,! magnanim\s man1
 he said1 w behave ) mod]ation "u bo?   
good =tune & bad4 ,he w "k h[ to be     
exalt$ & h[ to be abas$4 ,he w nei!r be 
delight$ ) success nor griev$ by        

failure4 ,he w nei!r %un dang] nor seek 
x1 = !re are few ?+s :i* he c>es =4 ,he 
is retic5t1 & some:at sl[ ( spee*1 b    
speaks 8 m9d op5ly & boldly :5 occasion 
calls = x4 ,he is apt to admire1 = no?+ 
is great to him4 ,he ov]looks injuries4 
,he is n giv5 to talk ab\t himself or   
ab\t o!rs2 = he does n c>e t he himself 
%\ld be prais$1 or t o!r p %\ld be      
blam$4 ,he does n cry out ab\t trifles1 
& craves help f none4  ,on ! o!r h&1    
mean m5 admire meanly4 ,!y h nei!r      
mode/y1 g5]osity1 nor magnanimity4 ,!y  
are ready to take advantage ( ! weakness
 or def5celessness ( o!rs1 especially   
:]e !y h !mselves succe$$1 by           
unscrupul\s me?ods1 9 climb+ to         
positions ( au?ority4 ,snobs 9 high     
places are always mu* less tol]able ?an 
snobs ( l[ degree1 because !y h m       
frequ5t opportunities ( mak+ _! want (  
manl9ess felt4 ,!y assume great] airs1 &
 are pret5ti\s 9 all t !y d2 & ! high]  
_! elevation1 ! m conspicu\s is !       
incongruity ( _! position4 ,! high] !   

monkey climbs1 says ! prov]b1 ! m he %[s
 8 tail4  ,mu* dep5ds on ! way 9 :i* a  
?+ is done4 ,an act :i* might be tak5 z 
a k9dness if done 9 a g5]\s _s1 :5 done 
9 a grudg+ _s1 may be felt z /+y1 if n  
h>% & ev5 cruel4 ,:5 ,b5 ,jonson lay    
sick & 9 pov]ty1 ! k+ s5t him a paltry  
message1 accompani$ by a gratuity4 ,!   
/urdy pla9spok5 poet's reply 03 ,i      
suppose he s5ds me ?is because ,i live 9
 an alley2 tell him 8 s\l lives 9 an    
alley4  ,f :at we h said1 x w be obvi\s 
t to be ( an endur+ & c\rage\s _s1 is ( 
great importance 9 ! =mation ( "*4 ,x is
 a s\rce n only ( usefulness 9 life1 b (
 happ9ess4 ,on ! o!r h&1 to be ( a timid
 &1 /ill m1 ( a c[>dly nature is "o ( ! 
greate/ mis=tunes4 ,a4 wise man 0       
accu/om$ to say t "o ( ! pr9cipal       
objects he aim$ at 9 ! education ( 8    
sons & daught]s 0 to tra9 !m 9 ! habit (
 fe>+ no?+ s mu* z fe>4 ,& ! habit (    
avoid+ fe> is1 d\btless1 capable ( be+  
tra9$ l any o!r habit1 su* z ! habit (  
att5tion1 ( dilig5ce1 ( /udy1 or (      

*e]fulness4  ,mu* ( ! fe> t exi/s is !  
(fspr+ ( imag9ation1 :i* creates !      
images ( evils :i* ,,may happ51 b p]haps
 r>ely d2 & ?us _m p]sons :o are capable
 ( summon+ up c\rage to grapple ) &     
ov]come real dang]s1 are p>alys$ or ?r[n
 into con/]nation by ^? :i* are imag9>y4
 ,h5ce1 unless ! imag9ation be held "u  
/rict discipl9e1 we are prone to meet   
evils m ?an halfway--to suff] !m by     
=e/alm5t1 & to assume ! burd5s :i* we   
ourselves create4  ,education 9 c\rage  
is n usually includ$ among/ ! bran*es ( 
female tra9+1 & yet x is really ( great]
 importance ?an ei!r music1 ,fr5*1 or ! 
use ( ! globes4 ,contr>y to ! view (    
,sir ,ri*>d ,/eele1 t wom5 %\ld be      
*>act]is$ by a t5d] fe>1 & an inf]iority
 :i* makes h] lovely1 we w\ld h wom5    
educat$ 9 resolution & c\rage1 z a means
 ( r5d]+ !m m helpful1 m self-reliant1 &
 va/ly m useful & happy4  ,!re is1      
inde$1 no?+ attractive 9 timidity1 no?+ 
loveable 9 fe>4 ,all weakness1 :e!r (   
m9d or body1 is equival5t to de=mity1 & 

! rev]se ( int]e/+4 ,c\rage is graceful 
& dignifi$1 :il/ fe>1 9 any =m1 is mean 
& repulsive4 ,yet ! utmo/ t5d]ness &    
g5tl5ess are consi/5t ) c\rage4 ,ary    
,s*eff]1 ! arti/1 once wrote to 8       
daught]3-,de> daught]1 /rive to be (    
good c\rage1 to be g5tle-he>t$2 ^! are !
 true qualities = woman4 ',tr\bles'     
ev]ybody mu/ expect4 ,!re is b "o way ( 
look+ at fate--:atev] t be1 :e!r bless+s
 or afflictions--to behave ) dignity "u 
bo?4 ,we mu/ n lose he>t1 or x w be !   
worse bo? = ourselves & = ^? :om we     
love4 ,to /ruggle1 & aga9 & aga9 to r5ew
 ! conflict--,,?is is life's inh]itance4
 #adab  ,9 sickness & sorr[1 none are   
brav] & less compla9+ suff]]s ?an wom54 
,_! c\rage1 :]e _! he>ts are conc]n$1 is
 inde$ prov]bial3        ,oh6 femmes    
c'e/ a tort qu'on v\s nommes timides1   
,a la voix de vos coeurs v\s etes       
intrepides4  ,exp]i5ce has prov$ t wom5 
c be z endur+ z m51 "u ! heavie/ trials 
& calamities2 b too little pa9s are tak5
 to tea* !m to endure petty t]rors &    

frivol\s vexations ) =titude4 ,su*      
little mis]ies1 if pett$ & indulg$1     
quickly run into sickly s5sibility1 &   
become ! bane ( _! life1 keep+ !mselves 
& ^? ab\t !m 9 a /ate ( *ronic discom=t4
  ,! be/ corrective ( ?is condition (   
m9d is :olesome moral & m5tal discipl9e4
 ,m5tal /r5g? is z necess>y = !         
developm5t ( woman's "* z ( man's4 ,x   
gives h] capacity to deal ) ! affairs ( 
life1 & pres5ce ( m9d1 :i* enable h] to 
act ) vig\r & effect 9 mom5ts ( em]g5cy4
 ,"*1 9 a woman1 z 9 a man1 w always be 
f\nd ! be/ safegu>d ( virtue1 ! be/     
nurse ( religion1 ! be/ corrective (    
,"t4 ,p]sonal beauty soon passes2 b     
beauty ( m9d & "* increases 9           
attractiv5ess ! old] x gr[s4  ,b5       
,jonson gives a /rik+ portraiture ( a   
noble woman 9 ^! l9es3--     ,i meant %e
 %\ld be c\rte\s1 facile1 sweet1        
,free f t solemn vice ( greatness1      
pride2     ,i meant ea* s(t$ virtue !re 
%\ld meet1       ,fit 9 t s(t] bosom to 
abide4     ,only a le>n$ & a manly s\l1 

,i purpos$ h]1 t %\ld ) ev5 p[]s1     ,!
 rock1 ! sp9dle1 & ! %e>s control       
,( de/9y1 & sp9 h] own free h\rs4  ,!   
c\rage ( woman is n ! less true because 
x is = ! mo/ "p passive4 ,x is n        
enc\rag$ by ! *e]s ( ! _w1 = x is mo/ly 
exhibit$ 9 ! recesses ( private life4   
,yet !re are cases ( h]oic pati5ce &    
endurance on ! "p ( wom5 :i*            
occasionally come to ! light ( day4 ,"o 
( ! mo/ celebrat$ in/ances 9 hi/ory is t
 ( ,g]trude ,von d] ,w>t4 ,h] husb&1    
falsely accus$ ( be+ an accomplice 9 !  
murd] ( ! ,emp]or ,alb]t1 0 condemn$ to 
! mo/ frightful ( all puni%m5ts--to be  
brok5 alive on ! :eel4 ,) mo/ pr(\nd    
conviction ( h] husb&'s innoc5ce !      
fai?ful woman /ood by 8 side to ! la/1  
wat*+ ov] him dur+ two days & nights1   
brav+ ! empress's ang] & ! inclem5cy ( !
 wea!r1 9 ! hope ( contribut+ to soo! 8 
dy+ agonies4 #adac  ,b wom5 h n only    
di/+ui%$ !mselves = _! passive c\rage3  
impell$ by affection1 or ! s5se ( duty1 
!y h occasionally become h]oic4 ,:5 ! b&

 ( conspirators1 :o s\ght ! life (      
,james ,,ii4 ( ,scotl&1 bur/ into 8     
lodg+s at ,p]?1 ! k+ call$ to ! ladies1 
:o 7 9 ! *amb] outside 8 room1 to keep !
 door z well z !y c\ld1 & give him "t to
 escape4 ,! conspirators _h previ\sly   
de/roy$ ! locks ( ! doors1 s t ! keys   
c\ld n be turn$2 & :5 !y rea*$ ! ladies'
 ap>tm5t1 x 0 f\nd t ! b> also _h be5   
remov$4 ,b1 on he>+ !m approa*1 ! brave 
,ca!r9e ,d\glas1 ) ! h]$it>y c\rage ( h]
 family1 boldly ?ru/ h] arm across !    
door in/ead ( ! b>2 & held x !re until1 
h] arm be+ brok51 ! conspirators bur/   
into ! room ) drawn swords & dagg]s1    
ov]?r[+ ! ladies1 :o1 ?\gh un>m$1 /ill  
endeav\r$ to resi/ !m4  ,! def5ce (     
,la?om ,h\se by ,*>lotte de la          
,trem\ille1 ! wor?y desc5dant ( ,william
 ( ,nassau & ,admiral ,coligny1 0 ano!r 
/rik+ in/ance ( h]oic brav]y on ! "p ( a
 noble woman4 ,:5 summon$ by !          
,p>liam5t>y =ces to surr5d]1 %e decl>$ t
 %e _h be5 entru/$ by h] husb& ) !      
def5ce ( ! h\se1 & t %e c\ld n give x up

 )\t h] de> "l's ord]s1 b tru/$ 9 ,god =
 protection & deliv]ance4 ,9 h]         
arrangem5ts = ! def5ce1 %e is describ$ z
 hav+ left no?+ ) h] eye to be excus$   
aft]w>ds by =tune or neglig5ce1 & add$  
to h] =m] pati5ce a mo/ resolv$ =titude4
 ,! brave lady held h] h\se & home good 
aga9/ ! enemy = a :ole ye>--dur+ ?ree   
mon?s ( :i* ! place 0 /rictly besieg$ & 
bomb>d$--until at l5g? ! siege 0 rais$1 
aft] a mo/ gallant def5ce1 by ! advance 
( ! ,royali/ army4  ,nor c we =get !    
c\rage ( ,lady ,frankl91 :o p]sev]$ to !
 la/1 :5 ! hopes ( all o!rs _h di$ out1 
9 prosecut+ ! se>* aft] ! ,frankl9      
,exp$ition4 ,on ! occasion ( ! ,royal   
,geographical ,society det]m9+ to aw>d !
 ,f\nd]'s ,m$al to ,lady ,frankl91 ,sir 
,rod]ick ,mur*ison obs]v$1 t 9 ! c\rse (
 a long fri5d%ip ) h]1 he _h abundant   
opportunities ( obs]v+ & te/+ ! /]l+    
qualities ( a woman :o _h prov$ h]self  
wor?y ( ! admiration ( mank9d4 ,no?+    
daunt$ by failure aft] failure1 ?r\gh   
twelve long ye>s ( hope def]r$1 %e _h   

p]sev]$1 ) a s+l5ess ( purpose & a s9c]e
 devotion :i* 7 truly unp>allel$4 ,& n[ 
t h] "o la/ exp$ition ( ! ,,fox1 "u !   
gallant ,m',cl9tock1 _h realis$ ! two   
great facts--t h] husb& _h trav]s$ wide 
seas unkn[n to =m] navigators1 & di$ 9  
discov]+ a nor?-we/ passage--!n1 surely1
 ! adjudication ( ! m$al w\ld be hail$  
by ! nation z "o ( ! _m recomp5ces to   
:i* ! wid[ ( ! illu/ri\s ,frankl9 0 s   
em95tly entitl$4  ,b t devotion to duty 
:i* m>ks ! h]oic "* has m (t5 be5       
exhibit$ by wom5 9 de$s ( *>ity & m]cy4 
,! great] "p ( ^! are nev] kn[n1 = !y   
are done 9 private1 out ( ! public      
sight1 & = ! m]e love ( do+ good4 ,:]e  
fame has come to !m1 because ( ! success
 :i* has att5d$ _! lab\rs 9 a m g5]al   
sph]e1 x has come uns\ght & unexpect$1 &
 is (t5 felt z a burd54 ,:o has n he>d (
 ,mrs4 ,fry & ,miss ,c>p5t] z prison    
visitors & re=m]s2 ( ,mrs4 ,*i%olm &    
,miss ,rye z promot]s ( emigration2 & ( 
,miss ,night+ale & ,miss ,g>rett z      
apo/les ( hospital nurs+8  ,t ^! wom5   

%\ld h em]g$ f ! sph]e ( private &      
dome/ic life to become lead]s 9         
philan?ropy1 indicates no small1 degree 
( moral c\rage on _! "p2 = to wom51     
above all o!rs1 quiet & ease & retirem5t
 are mo/ natural & welcome4 ,v few wom5 
/ep beyond ! b\nd>ies ( home 9 se>* ( a 
l>g] field ( usefulness4 ,b :5 !y h     
desir$ "o1 !y h _h no difficulty 9 f9d+ 
x4 ,! ways 9 :i* m5 & wom5 c help _!    
neighb\rs are innum]able4 ,x ne$s b !   
will+ he>t & ready h&4 ,mo/ ( !         
philan?ropic work]s we h nam$1 h[ev]1 h 
sc>cely be5 influ5c$ by *oice4 ,! duty  
lay 9 _! way--x seem$ to be ! ne>e/ to  
!m--& !y set ab\t do+ x )\t desire =    
fame1 or any o!r rew>d b ! approval ( _!
 own consci5ce4  ,among prison-visitors1
 ! "n ( ,s>ah ,m>t9 is mu* less kn[n ?an
 t ( ,mrs4 ,fry1 al?\gh %e prec$$ h] 9 !
 "w4 ,h[ %e 0 l$ to und]take x1 furni%es
 at ! same "t an illu/ration ( womanly  
truehe>t$ness & e>ne/ womanly c\rage4   
,s>ah ,m>t9 0 ! daught] ( poor p>5ts1 & 
0 left an orphan at an e>ly age4 ,%e 0  

br\ght up by h] gr&mo!r1 at ,cai/or1 ne>
 ,y>m\?1 & e>n$ h] liv+ by go+ out to   
families z assi/ant-dressmak]1 at a     
%ill+ a day4 ,9 #ahai1 a woman 0 tri$ & 
s5t5c$ to imprisonm5t 9 ,y>m\? ,gaol1 = 
cruelly beat+ & illus+ h] *ild1 & h]    
crime became ! talk ( ! t[n4 ,! "y      
dressmak] 0 mu* impress$ by ! report ( !
 trial1 & ! desire ent]$ h] m9d ( visit+
 ! woman 9 gaol1 & try+ to reclaim h]4  
,%e _h (t5 be=e1 on pass+ ! walls ( !   
bor\gh gaol1 felt impell$ to seek       
admission1 ) ! object ( visit+ !        
inmates1 read+ ! ,scriptures to !m1 &   
endeav\r+ to lead !m back to ! society  
^: laws !y _h violat$4  ,at l5g? %e c\ld
 n resi/ h] impulse to visit ! "m4 ,%e  
ent]$ ! gaol-por*1 lift$ ! knock]1 &    
ask$ ! gaol] = admission4 ,= "s reason  
or o!r %e 0 refus$2 b %e return$1       
repeat$ h] reque/1 & ?is "t %e 0        
admitt$4 ,! culprit "m %ortly /ood be=e 
h]4 ,:5 ,s>ah ,m>t9 told ! motive ( h]  
visit1 ! crim9al bur/ into te>s1 & ?ank$
 h]4 ,^? te>s & ?anks %ap$ ! :ole c\rse 

( ,s>ah ,m>t9's aft]-life2 & ! poor     
seam/ress1 :ile ma9ta9+ h]self by h]    
ne$le1 cont9u$ to sp5d h] leisure h\rs 9
 visit+ ! prison]s1 & endeav\r+ to      
alleviate _! condition4 ,%e con/itut$   
h]self _! *apla9 & s*oolmi/ress1 = at t 
"t !y _h nei!r2 %e read to !m f !       
,scriptures1 & taught !m to read &      
write4 ,%e gave up an entire day 9 !    
week = ?is purpose1 besides ,sundays1 z 
well z o!r int]vals ( sp>e "t1 feel+1 %e
 says1 t ! bless+ ( ,god 0 ^u h]4 ,%e   
taught ! wom5 to knit1 to sew1 & to cut 
out2 ! sale ( ! articles enabl+ h] to   
buy o!r mat]ials1 & to cont9ue !        
indu/rial education ?us begun4 ,%e also 
taught ! m5 to make /raw hats1 m5's &   
boys' caps1 gray cotton %irts1 & ev5    
pat*work--any?+ to keep !m out (        
idl5ess1 & f prey+ on _! own ?\ghts4    
,out ( ! e>n+s ( ! prison]s 9 ?is way1  
%e =m$ a fund1 :i* %e appli$ to furni%+ 
!m ) "w on _! dis*>ge2 ?us enabl+ !m    
aga9 to beg9 ! _w hone/ly1 & at ! same  
"t af=d+ h]1 z %e h]self says1 !        

advantage ( obs]v+ _! conduct4  ,by     
att5d+ too exclusively to ?is prison-"w1
 h[ev]1 ,s>ah ,m>t9's dressmak+ bus9ess 
fell (f2 & ! "q arose ) h]1 :e!r 9 ord] 
to recov] h] bus9ess %e 0 to susp5d h]  
prison-"w4 ,b h] decision _h already be5
 made4 ,i _h c\nt$ ! co/1 %e said1 & my 
m9d1 0 made up4 ,if1 :il/ imp>t+ tru? to
 o!rs1 ,i became expos$ to temporal     
want1 ! privations s mom5t>y to an      
individual w\ld n admit ( comp>ison )   
foll[+ ! ,"l1 9 ?us adm9i/]+ to o!rs4   
,%e n[ devot$ six or sev5 h\rs e day to 
! prison]s1 conv]t+ :at w\ld o!rwise h  
be5 a sc5e ( dissolute idl5ess into a   
hive ( ord]ly indu/ry4 ,newly-admitt$   
prison]s 7 sometimes refractory1 b h]   
p]si/5t g5tl5ess ev5tually won _!       
respect & co-op]ation4 ,m5 old 9 ye>s & 
crime1 p]t ,london pickpockets1 deprav$ 
boys & dissolute sailors1 pr(ligate     
wom51 smuggl]s1 poa*]s1 & ! promiscu\s  
horde ( crim9als :i* usually fill ! gaol
 ( a seaport & c\nty t[n1 all submitt$  
to ! b5ign influ5ce ( ?is good woman2 & 

"u h] eyes !y might be se51 = ! fir/ "t 
9 _! lives1 /riv+ to hold a p51 or to   
ma/] ! *>act]s 9 a p5ny prim]4 ,%e ent]$
 into _! confid5ces--wat*$1 wept1 pray$1
 & felt = all by turns4 ,%e /r5g!n$ _!  
good resolutions1 *e]$ ! hopeless &     
despair+1 & endeav\r$ to put all1 & hold
 all1 9 ! "r road ( am5dm5t4  ,= m ?an  
tw5ty ye>s ?is good & truehe>t$ woman   
pursu$ h] noble c\rse1 ) little         
enc\ragem5t1 & n mu* help2 almo/ h] only
 means ( subsi/5ce consi/+ 9 an annual  
income ( t5 or twelve p\nds left by h]  
gr&mo!r1 ek$ out by h] little e>n+s at  
dressmak+4 ,dur+ ! la/ two ye>s ( h]    
m9i/rations1 ! bor\gh magi/rates (      
,y>m\?1 kn[+ t h] self-impos$ lab\rs    
sav$ !m ! exp5se ( a s*oolma/] & *apla9 
#ad:i* !y _h become b\nd by law to      
appo9t1 made a proposal to h] ( an      
annual sal>y ( #ab,l4 a ye>2 b !y did x 
9 s indelicate a mann] z greatly to w\nd
 h] s5sitive feel+s4 ,%e %rank f becom+ 
! sal>i$ (ficial ( ! corporation1 &     
b>t]+ = money ^? s]vic$ :i* _h ?r\gh\t  

be5 lab\rs ( love4 ,b ! ,gaol ,committee
 co>sely in=m$ h]1 t if !y p]mitt$ h] to
 visit ! prison %e mu/ submit to _!     
t]ms1 or be exclud$4 ,= two ye>s1 !re=e1
 %e receiv$ ! sal>y ( #ab,l4 a ye>--!   
ackn[l$gm5t ( ! ,y>m\? corporation = h] 
s]vices z gaol *apla9 & s*oolmi/ress6   
,%e 0 n[1 h[ev]1 becom+ old & infirm1 & 
! unheal?y atmosph]e ( ! gaol did mu*   
t[>ds f9ally disabl+ h]4 ,:ile %e lay on
 h] dea?b$1 %e resum$ ! ex]cise ( a     
tal5t %e _h occasionally practis$ be=e 9
 h] mom5ts ( leisure--! composition (   
sacr$ poetry4 ,z works ( art1 !y may n  
excite admiration2 yet nev] 7 v]ses     
writt5 tru] 9 _s1 or full] ( ,*ri/ian   
love4 ,b h] own life 0 a nobl] poem ?an 
any %e ev] wrote--full ( true c\rage1   
p]sev]ance1 *>ity1 & wisdom4 ,x 0 inde$ 
a comm5t>y ^u h] own words3        ,!   
high desire t o!rs may be ble/          
,sav\rs ( heav54     ,,*apt]            
,,vi4--,,self-,,control4        ,hon\r &
 pr(it d n always lie 9 ! same sack4--  
,,george ,,h]b]t4       ,! gov]nm5t (   

"o's self is ! only true fre$om =      !
 ,individual4--,,fr$]ick ,,p]!s4        
,x is 9 l5g? ( pati5ce1 & endurance1 &  
=be>ance1 t s mu* ( :at is good 9 mank9d
 &      womank9d is %[n4--,,ar?ur       
,,helps4                                
,temp]ance1 pro(       ,aga9/ all       
trials2 indu/ry sev]e       ,& con/ant z
 ! motion ( ! day2       ,/]n self-d5ial
 r\nd him spread1 ) %ade       ,t might 
be deem$ =bidd+1 did n !re       ,all   
g5]\s feel+s fl\ri% & rejoice2          
,=be>ance1 *>ity inde$ & ?\ght1       ,&
 resolution compet5t to take       ,out 
( ! bosom ( simplicity       ,all t h]  
holy cu/oms recomm5d4--,,wordswor?4     
,self-control is only c\rage "u ano!r   
=m4 ,x may almo/ be reg>d$ z ! prim>y   
ess5ce ( "*4 ,x is 9 virtue ( ?is       
quality t ,%akspe>e def9es man z a be+  
look+ be=e & aft]4 ,x =ms ! *ief        
di/9ction betwe5 man & ! m]e animal2 &1 
inde$1 !re c be no true manhood )\t x4  
,self-control is at ! root ( all !      
virtues4 ,let a man give ! re9s to 8    

impulses & passions1 & f t mom5t he     
yields up 8 moral fre$om4 ,he is c>ri$  
along ! curr5t ( life1 & becomes ! slave
 ( 8 /ronge/ desire = ! "t be+4  ,to be 
morally free--to be m ?an an animal--man
 mu/ be able to resi/ in/9ctive impulse1
 & ?is c only be done by ! ex]cise (    
self-control4 ,?us x is ?is p[] :i*     
con/itutes ! real di/9ction betwe5 a    
physical & a moral life1 & t =ms !      
prim>y basis ( individual "*4  ,9 !     
,bible praise is giv51 n to ! /rong man 
:o take? a city1 b to ! /rong] man :o   
rule? 8 own _s4 ,?is /rong] man is he   
:o1 by discipl9e1 ex]cises a con/ant    
control ov] 8 ?\ghts1 8 spee*1 & 8 acts4
 ,n9e-t5?s ( ! vici\s desires t degrade 
society1 & :i*1 :5 indulg$1 swell into !
 crimes t disgrace x1 w\ld %r9k into    
insignificance be=e ! advance ( valiant 
self-discipl9e1 self-respect1 &         
self-control4 ,by ! wat*ful ex]cise ( ^!
 virtues1 purity ( he>t & m9d become    
habitual1 & ! "* is built up 9 *a/ity1  
virtue1 & temp]ance4  ,! be/ support (  

"* w always be f\nd 9 habit1 :i*1       
accord+ z ! w is direct$ rightly or     
wrongly1 z ! case may be1 w prove ei!r a
 b5ignant rul] or a cruel despot4 ,we   
may be its will+ subject on ! "o h&1 or 
its s]vile slave on ! o!r4 ,x may help u
 on ! road to good1 or x may hurry u on 
! road to ru94  ,habit is =m$ by c>eful 
tra9+4 ,& x is a/oni%+ h[ mu* c be      
accompli%$ by sy/ematic discipl9e &     
drill4 ,see h[1 = in/ance1 out ( ! mo/  
unpromis+ mat]ials--su* z r\ghs pick$ up
 9 ! /reets1 or raw unkempt c\ntry lads 
tak5 f ! pl\gh--/eady discipl9e & drill 
w br+ out ! unsuspect$ qualities (      
c\rage1 endurance1 & self-sacrifice2 &  
h[1 9 ! field ( battle1 or ev5 on ! m   
try+ occasions ( p]ils by sea--su* z !  
burn+ ( ! ,,s>ah ,,s&s or ! wreck ( !   
,,birk5head--su* m51 c>efully discipl9$1
 w exhibit ! unmi/akable *>act]i/ics (  
true brav]y & h]oism6  ,nor is moral    
discipl9e & drill less influ5tial 9 !   
=mation ( "*4 ,)\t x1 !re w be no prop] 
sy/em & ord] 9 ! regulation ( ! life4   

,^u x dep5ds ! cultivation ( ! s5se (   
self-respect1 ! education ( ! habit (   
ob$i5ce1 ! developm5t ( ! idea ( duty4  
,! mo/ self-reliant1 self-gov]n+ man is 
always "u discipl9e3 & ! m p]fect !     
discipl9e1 ! high] w be 8 moral         
condition4 ,he has to drill 8 desires1 &
 keep !m 9 subjection to ! high] p[]s ( 
8 nature4 ,!y mu/ obey ! ^w ( comm& ( ! 
int]nal monitor1 ! consci5ce--o!rwise !y
 w be b ! m]e slaves ( _! incl9ations1 !
 sport ( feel+ & impulse4  ,9 !         
supremacy ( self-control1 says ,h]b]t   
,sp5c]1 consi/s "o ( ! p]fections ( !   
ideal man4 ,n to be impulsive--n to be  
spurr$ hi!r & ?i!r by ea* desire t 9    
turn comes upp]mo/--b to be             
self-re/ra9$1 self-balanc$1 gov]n$ by ! 
jo9t decision ( ! feel+s 9 c\ncil       
assembl$1 be=e :om e action %all h be5  
fully debat$ & calmly det]m9$--t x is   
:i* education1 moral education at lea/1 
/rives to produce4 #aea  ,! fir/ sem9>y 
( moral discipl9e1 & ! be/1 z we h      
already %[n1 is ! home2 next comes !    

s*ool1 & aft] t ! _w1 ! great s*ool (   
practical life4 ,ea* is prep>atory to ! 
o!r1 & :at ! man or woman becomes1      
dep5ds = ! mo/ "p ^u :at has gone be=e4 
,if !y h enjoy$ ! advantage ( nei!r !   
home nor ! s*ool1 b h be5 all[$ to gr[  
up untra9$1 untaught1 & undiscipl9$1 !n 
woe to !mselves--woe to ! society ( :i* 
!y =m "p6  ,! be/-regulat$ home is      
always t 9 :i* ! discipl9e is ! mo/     
p]fect1 & yet :]e x is ! lea/ felt4     
,moral discipl9e acts ) ! =ce ( a law ( 
nature4 ,^? subject to x yield !mselves 
to x unconsci\sly2 & ?\gh x %apes & =ms 
! :ole "*1 until ! life becomes         
cry/alliz$ 9 habit1 ! influ5ce ?us      
ex]cis$ is = ! mo/ "p unse5 & almo/     
unfelt4  ,! importance ( /rict dome/ic  
discipl9e is curi\sly illu/rat$ by a    
fact m5tion$ 9 ,mrs4 ,s*immelp5n9ck's   
,memoirs1 to ! foll[+ effect3 t a lady  
:o1 ) h] husb&1 _h inspect$ mo/ ( !     
lunatic asylums ( ,engl& & ! ,cont95t1  
f\nd ! mo/ num]\s class ( pati5ts 0     
almo/ always compos$ ( ^? :o _h be5 only

 *ildr51 & ^: wills _h !re=e r>ely be5  
?w>t$ or discipl9$ 9 e>ly life2 :il/ ^? 
:o 7 memb]s ( l>ge families1 & :o _h be5
 tra9$ 9 self-discipl9e1 7 f> less      
frequ5t victims to ! malady4  ,al?\gh ! 
moral "* dep5ds 9 a great degree on     
temp]am5t & on physical heal?1 z well z 
on dome/ic & e>ly tra9+ & ! example (   
companions1 x is also 9 ! p[] ( ea*     
individual to regulate1 to re/ra91 & to 
discipl9e x by wat*ful & p]sev]+        
self-control4 ,a compet5t tea*] has said
 ( ! prop5sities & habits1 t !y are z   
tea*able z ,lat9 & ,greek1 :ile !y are  
mu* m ess5tial to happ9ess4  ,dr4       
,johnson1 ?\gh himself con/itutionally  
prone to melan*oly1 & afflict$ by x z   
few h be5 f 8 e>lie/ ye>s1 said t a     
man's be+ 9 a good or bad hum\r v mu*   
dep5ds ^u 8 w4 ,we may tra9 ourselves 9 
a habit ( pati5ce & cont5tm5t on ! "o   
h&1 or ( grumbl+ & discont5t on ! o!r4  
,we may accu/om ourselves to exagg]ate  
small evils1 & to und]e/imate great     
bless+s4 ,we may ev5 become ! victim (  

petty mis]ies by giv+ way to !m4 ,?us1  
we may educate ourselves 9 a happy      
disposition1 z well z 9 a morbid "o4    
,inde$1 ! habit ( view+ ?+s *e]fully1 & 
( ?9k+ ab\t life hopefully1 may be made 
to gr[ up 9 u l any o!r habit4 #aeb ,x 0
 n an exagg]at$ e/imate ( ,dr4 ,johnson 
to say1 t ! habit ( look+ at ! be/ side 
( any ev5t is wor? f> m ?an a ?\s& p\nds
 a ye>4  ,! religi\s man's life is      
p]vad$ by rigid self-discipl9e &        
self-re/ra9t4 ,he is to be sob] &       
vigilant1 to es*ew evil & d good1 to    
walk 9 ! _s1 to be ob$i5t unto dea?1 to 
)/& 9 ! evil day1 & hav+ done all1 to   
/&2 to wre/le aga9/ spiritual wick$ness1
 & aga9/ ! rul]s ( ! d>kness ( ?is _w2  
to be root$ & built up 9 fai?1 & n to be
 we>y ( well-do+2 = 9 due season he %all
 reap1 if he fa9t n4  ,! man ( bus9ess  
also mu/ ne$s be subject to /rict rule &
 sy/em4 ,bus9ess1 l life1 is manag$ by  
moral lev]age2 success 9 bo? dep5d+ 9 no
 small degree ^u t regulation ( temp] & 
c>eful self-discipl9e1 :i* give a wise  

man n only a comm& ov] himself1 b ov]   
o!rs4 ,=be>ance & self-control smoo? !  
road ( life1 & op5 _m ways :i* w\ld     
o!rwise rema9 clos$4 ,& s does          
self-respect3 = z m5 respect !mselves1 s
 w !y usually respect ! p]sonality (    
o!rs4  ,x is ! same 9 politics z 9      
bus9ess4 ,success 9 t sph]e ( life is   
a*iev$ less by tal5t ?an by temp]1 less 
by g5ius ?an by "*4 ,if a man h n       
self-control1 he w lack pati5ce1 be     
want+ 9 tact1 & h nei!r ! p[] ( gov]n+  
himself nor ( manag+ o!rs4 ,:5 ! quality
 mo/ ne$$ 9 a ,prime ,m9i/] 0 ! subject 
( conv]sation 9 ! pres5ce ( ,mr4 ,pitt1 
"o ( ! speak]s said x 0 ,eloqu5ce2 ano!r
 said x 0 ,k2 & a ?ird said x 0 ,toil1  
,no1 said ,pitt1 x is ,pati5ce6 ,&      
pati5ce means self-control1 a quality 9 
:i* he himself 0 sup]b4 ,8 fri5d ,george
 ,rose has said ( him t he nev] once saw
 ,pitt out ( temp]4 #aec ,yet1 al?\gh   
pati5ce is usually reg>d$ z a sl[       
virtue1 ,pitt comb9$ ) x ! mo/          
extraord9>y read9ess1 vig\r1 & rapidity 

( ?\ght z well z action4  ,x is by      
pati5ce & self-control t ! truly h]oic  
"* is p]fect$4 ,^! 7 among ! mo/ prom95t
 *>act]i/ics ( ! great ,hampd51 ^: noble
 qualities 7 g5]\sly ackn[l$g$ ev5 by 8 
political enemies4 ,?us ,cl>5don        
describ$ him z a man ( r>e temp] &      
mode/y1 naturally *e]ful & vivaci\s1 &  
above all1 ( a fl[+ c\rtesy4 ,he 0 k9d &
 intrepid1 yet g5tle1 ( unblameable     
conv]sation1 & 8 he>t gl[$ ) love to all
 m54 ,he 0 n a man ( _m words1 b1 be+ ( 
unimpea*able "*1 e ^w he utt]$ c>ri$    
weight4 ,no man _h ev] a great] p[] ov] 
himself4444 ,he 0 v temp]ate 9 diet1 & a
 supreme gov]nor ov] all 8 passions &   
affections2 & he _h !reby great p[] ov] 
o!r m5's4 ,sir ,philip ,w>wick1 ano!r ( 
8 political oppon5ts1 incid5tally       
describes 8 great influ5ce 9 a c]ta9    
debate3 ,we _h cat*$ at ea* o!r's locks1
 & %ea!d our swords 9 ea* o!r's b[els1  
_h n ! sagacity & great calmness ( ,mr4 
,hampd51 by a %ort spee*1 prev5t$ x1 &  
l$ u to def] our angry debate until !   

next morn+4  ,a /rong temp] is n        
necess>ily a bad temp]4 ,b ! /rong] !   
temp]1 ! great] is ! ne$ (              
self-discipl9e & self-control4 ,dr4     
,johnson says m5 gr[ bett] z !y gr[     
old]1 & improve ) exp]i5ce2 b ?is dep5ds
 ^u ! wid?1 & dep?1 & g5]\sness ( _!    
nature4 ,x is n m5's faults t ru9 !m s  
mu* z ! mann] 9 :i* !y conduct !mselves 
aft] ! faults h be5 committ$4 ,! wise w 
pr(it by ! suff]+ !y cause1 & es*ew !m =
 ! future2 b !re are ^? on :om exp]i5ce 
ex]ts no rip5+ influ5ce1 & :o only gr[  
n>r[] & bitt]] & m vici\s ) "t4  ,:at is
 call$ /rong temp] 9 a "y man1 (t5      
indicates a l>ge am\nt ( unripe en]gy1  
:i* w exp5d itself 9 useful "w if ! road
 be fairly op5$ to x4 ,x is said (      
,/eph5 ,g]>d1 a ,fr5*man1 :o pursu$ a   
rem>kably successful c>e] 9 ! ,unit$    
,/ates1 t :5 he he>d ( a cl]k ) a /rong 
temp]1 he w\ld readily take him into 8  
employm5t1 & set him to "w 9 a room by  
himself2 ,g]>d be+ ( op9ion t su* p]sons
 7 ! be/ work]s1 & t _! en]gy w\ld exp5d

 itself 9 "w if remov$ f ! temptation to
 qu>rel4  ,/rong temp] may only mean a  
/rong & excitable w4 ,uncontroll$1 x    
displays itself 9 fitful outbreaks (    
passion2 b controll$ & held 9           
subjection--l /eam p5t-up )9 ! organis$ 
me*anism ( a /eam-eng9e1 ! use ( :i* is 
regulat$ & controll$ by slide-valves &  
gov]nors & lev]s--x may become a s\rce (
 en]getic p[] & usefulness4 ,h5ce1 "s ( 
! greate/ *>act]s 9 hi/ory h be5 m5 (   
/rong temp]1 b ( equally /rong          
det]m9ation to hold _! motive p[] "u    
/rict regulation & control4  ,! fam\s   
,e>l ( ,/raf=d 0 ( an extremely *ol]ic &
 passionate nature1 & _h great /ruggles 
) himself 9 8 endeav\rs to control 8    
temp]4 ,ref]r+ to ! advice ( "o ( 8     
fri5ds1 old ,secret>y ,cooke1 :o 0 hone/
 en\gh to tell him ( 8 weakness1 & to   
caution him aga9/ indulg+ x1 he wrote3  
,y gave me a good lesson to be pati5t2  
&1 inde$1 my ye>s & natural incl9ations 
give me heat m ?an en\gh1 :i*1 h[ev]1 ,i
 tru/ m exp]i5ce %all cool1 & a wat* ov]

 myself 9 "t altoge!r ov]come2 9 !      
meantime1 9 ?is at lea/ x w set =?      
itself m p>donable1 because my e>ne/ness
 %all ev] be = ! hon\r1 ju/ice1 & pr(it 
( my ma/]2 & x is n always ang]1 b !    
misapply+ ( x1 t is ! vice s blameable1 
& ( disadvantage to ^? t let !mselves   
loose !re-unto4 #aed  ,cromwell1 also1  
is describ$ z hav+ be5 ( a wayw>d &     
viol5t temp] 9 8 y\?--cross1            
untractable1 & ma/]less--) a va/        
quantity ( y\?ful en]gy1 :i* explod$ 9 a
 v>iety ( y\?ful mis*iefs4 ,he ev5      
obta9$ ! reputation ( a roy/]] 9 8      
native t[n1 & seem$ to be rapidly go+ to
 ! bad1 :5 religion1 9 "o ( its mo/     
rigid =ms1 laid hold ^u 8 /rong nature1 
& subject$ x to ! iron discipl9e (      
,calv9ism4 ,an entirely new direction 0 
?us giv5 to 8 en]gy ( temp]am5t1 :i* =c$
 an outlet = itself into public life1 & 
ev5tually became ! dom9at+ influ5ce 9   
,engl& = a p]iod ( ne>ly tw5ty ye>s4  ,!
 h]oic pr9ces ( ! ,h\se ( ,nassau 7 all 
di/+ui%$ = ! same qualities (           

self-control1 self-d5ial1 & det]m9ation 
( purpose4 ,william ! ,sil5t 0 s call$1 
n because he 0 a taciturn man--= he 0 an
 eloqu5t & p[]ful speak] :]e eloqu5ce 0 
necess>y--b because he 0 a man :o c\ld  
hold 8 tongue :5 x 0 wisdom n to speak1 
& because he c>efully kept 8 own c\nsel 
:5 to h reveal$ x might h be5 dang]\s to
 ! lib]ties ( 8 c\ntry4 ,he 0 s g5tle & 
conciliatory 9 8 mann] t 8 enemies ev5  
describ$ him z timid & pusillanim\s4    
,yet1 :5 ! "t = action came1 8 c\rage 0 
h]oic1 8 det]m9ation unconqu]able4 ,!   
rock 9 ! ocean1 says ,mr4 ,motley1 !    
hi/orian ( ! ,ne!rl&s1 tranquil amid    
rag+ bill[s1 0 ! fav\rite emblem by :i* 
8 fri5ds express$ _! s5se ( 8 firmness4 
,mr4 ,motley comp>es ,william ! ,sil5t  
to ,wa%+ton1 :om he 9 _m respects       
resembl$4 ,! ,am]ican1 l ! ,dut*        
patriot1 /&s out 9 hi/ory z ! v         
imp]sonation ( dignity1 brav]y1 purity1 
& p]sonal excell5ce4 ,8 comm& ov] 8     
feel+s1 ev5 9 mom5ts ( great difficulty 
& dang]1 0 su* z to convey ! impression1

 to ^? :o did n "k him intimately1 t he 
0 a man ( inborn calmness & almo/       
impassiv5ess ( disposition4 ,yet        
,wa%+ton 0 by nature ard5t & impetu\s2 8
 mildness1 g5tl5ess1 polit5ess1 &       
consid]ation = o!rs1 7 ! result ( rigid 
self-control & unwe>i$ self-discipl9e1  
:i* he dilig5tly practis$ ev5 f 8       
boyhood4 ,8 biograph] says ( him1 t 8   
temp]am5t 0 ard5t1 8 passions /rong1 &  
amid/ ! multipli$ sc5es ( temptation &  
excitem5t ?r\gh :i* he pass$1 x 0 8     
con/ant ef=t1 & ultimate triumph1 to    
*eck ! "o & subdue ! o!r4 ,& aga93 ,8   
passions 7 /rong1 & sometimes !y broke  
out ) vehem5ce1 b he _h ! p[] ( *eck+ !m
 9 an in/ant4 ,p]haps self-control 0 !  
mo/ rem>kable trait ( 8 "*4 ,x 0 9 "p ! 
effect ( discipl9e2 yet he seems by     
nature to h possess$ ?is p[] 9 a degree 
:i* has be5 d5i$ to o!r m54 #ae99e  ,!  
,duke ( ,well+ton's natural temp]1 l t (
 ,napoleon1 0 irritable 9 ! extreme2 & x
 0 only by wat*ful self-control t he 0  
enabl$ to re/ra9 x4 ,he /udi$ calmness &

 coolness 9 ! mid/ ( dang]1 l any       
,indian *ief4 ,at ,wat]loo1 & else:]e1  
he gave 8 ord]s 9 ! mo/ critical mom5ts1
 )\t ! slighte/ excitem5t1 & 9 a tone ( 
voice almo/ m ?an usually subdu$4 #aef  
,wordswor? ! poet 01 9 8 *ildhood1 ( a  
/iff1 moody1 & viol5t temp]1 & p]v]se & 
ob/9ate 9 defy+ *a/isem5t4 ,:5 exp]i5ce 
( life _h discipl9$ 8 temp]1 he le>nt to
 ex]cise great] self-control2 b1 at !   
same "t1 ! qualities :i* di/+ui%$ him z 
a *ild 7 aft]w>ds useful 9 enabl+ him to
 defy ! criticism ( 8 enemies4 ,no?+ 0 m
 m>k$ ?an ,wordswor?'s self-respect &   
self-det]m9ation1 z well z 8            
self-consci\sness ( p[]1 at all p]iods (
 8 hi/ory4  ,h5ry ,m>tyn1 ! mission>y1 0
 ano!r in/ance ( a man 9 :om /r5g? (    
temp] 0 only s mu* p5t-up1 unripe en]gy4
 ,z a boy he 0 impati5t1 petulant1 &    
p]v]se2 b by con/ant wre/l+ aga9/ 8     
t5d5cy to wronghead$ness1 he gradually  
ga9$ ! requisite /r5g?1 s z to entirely 
ov]come x1 & to acquire :at he s greatly
 covet$--! gift ( pati5ce4  ,a man may  

be feeble 9 organization1 b1 bless$ ) a 
happy temp]am5t1 8 s\l may be great1    
active1 noble1 & sov]eign4 ,pr(essor    
,tyndall has giv5 u a f9e picture ( ! "*
 ( ,f>aday1 & ( 8 self-d5y+ lab\rs 9 !  
cause ( sci5ce--exhibit+ him z a man (  
/rong1 orig9al1 & ev5 fi]y nature1 & yet
 ( extreme t5d]ness & s5sibility4       
,und]nea? 8 sweetness & g5tl5ess1 he    
says1 0 ! heat ( a volcano4 ,he 0 a man 
( excitable & fi]y nature2 b1 ?r\gh high
 self-discipl9e1 he _h conv]t$ ! fire   
into a c5tral gl[ & motive p[] ( life1  
in/ead ( p]mitt+ x to wa/e itself 9     
useless passion4  ,!re 0 "o f9e feature 
9 ,f>aday's "* :i* is wor?y ( notice--"o
 closely ak9 to self-control3 x 0 8     
self-d5ial4 ,by devot+ himself to       
analytical *emi/ry1 he might h spe$ily  
realis$ a l>ge =tune2 b he nobly resi/$ 
! temptation1 & pref]r$ to foll[ ! pa? (
 pure sci5ce4 ,tak+ ! duration ( 8 life 
into acc\nt1 says ,mr4 ,tyndall1 ?is son
 ( a blacksmi? & appr5tice to a bookb9d]
 _h to decide betwe5 a =tune (          

,l4#aej1jjj on ! "o side1 & 8 und[]$    
sci5ce on ! o!r4 ,he *ose ! latt]1 & di$
 a poor man4 ,b 8 0 ! glory ( hold+ al(t
 among ! nations ! sci5tific "n ( ,engl&
 = a p]iod ( =ty ye>s4 #aeg  ,take a l  
in/ance ( ! self-d5ial ( a ,fr5*man4 ,! 
hi/orian ,anquetil 0 "o ( ! small numb] 
( lit]>y m5 9 ,france :o refus$ to b[ to
 ! ,napoleonic yoke4 ,he sank into great
 pov]ty1 liv+ on bread-&-milk1 & limit+ 
8 exp5diture to only ?ree s\s a day4 ,i 
h /ill two s\s a day left1 said he1 = ! 
conqu]or ( ,m>5go & ,au/]litz4 ,b if y  
fall sick1 said a fri5d to him1 y w ne$ 
! help ( a p5sion4 ,:y n d z o!rs d8    
,pay c\rt to ! ,emp]or--y h ne$ ( him to
 live4 ,i d n ne$ him to die1 0 !       
hi/orian's reply4 ,b ,anquetil did n die
 ( pov]ty2 he liv$ to ! age ( n9ety-f\r1
 say+ to a fri5d1 on ! eve ( 8 dea?1    
,come1 see a man :o dies /ill full (    
life6  ,sir ,james ,outram exhibit$ !   
same *>act]i/ic ( noble self-d5ial1 ?\gh
 9 an altoge!r diff]5t sph]e ( life4 ,l 
! great ,k+ ,ar?ur1 he 0 emphatically a 

man :o =bore 8 own advantage4 ,he 0     
*>act]is$ ?r\gh\t 8 :ole c>e] by 8 noble
 unselfi%ness4 ,?\gh he might p]sonally 
disapprove ( ! policy he 0 occasionally 
ord]$ to c>ry out1 he nev] once falt]$ 9
 ! pa? ( duty4 ,?us he did n approve ( !
 policy ( invad+ ,sc9de2 yet 8 s]vices  
?r\gh\t ! campaign 7 ackn[l$g$ by ,g5]al
 ,sir ,c4 ,napi] to h be5 ( ! mo/       
brilliant "*4 ,b :5 ! w> 0 ov]1 & ! ri* 
spoils ( ,sc9de lay at ! conqu]or's     
feet1 ,outram said3 ,i disapprove ( !   
policy ( ?is w>--,i w accept no %>e ( ! 
prize-money6  ,n less m>k$ 0 8 g5]\s    
self-d5ial :5 despat*$ ) a /rong =ce to 
aid ,havelock 9 fight+ 8 way to ,luckn[4
 ,z sup]ior (fic]1 he 0 entitl$ to take 
^u himself ! *ief comm&2 b1 recognis+   
:at ,havelock _h already done1 ) r>e    
dis9t]e/$ness1 he left to 8 junior (fic]
 ! glory ( complet+ ! campaign1 (f]+ to 
s]ve "u him z a volunte]4 ,) su*        
reputation1 said ,"l ,clyde1 z          
,major-,g5]al ,outram has won = himself1
 he c af=d to %>e glory & hon\r ) o!rs4 

,b t does n less5 ! value ( ! sacrifice 
he has made ) su* dis9t]e/$ g5]osity4   
,if a man w\ld get ?r\gh life hon\rably 
& peaceably1 he mu/ necess>ily le>n to  
practise self-d5ial 9 small ?+s z well z
 great4 ,m5 h to be> z well z =be>4 ,!  
temp] has to be held 9 subjection to !  
judgm5t2 & ! little demons ( ill-hum\r1 
petulance1 & s>casm1 kept resolutely at 
a di/ance4 ,if once !y f9d an entrance  
to ! m9d1 !y are v apt to return1 & to  
e/abli% = !mselves a p]man5t occupation 
!re4  ,x is necess>y to "o's p]sonal    
happ9ess1 to ex]cise control ov] "o's   
words z well z acts3 = !re are words t  
/rike ev5 h>d] ?an bl[s2 & m5 may speak 
dagg]s1 ?\gh !y use none4 ,,un ,,c\p    
,,de ,,langue1 says ! ,fr5* prov]b1 ,,e/
 ,,pire ,,qu',,un ,,c\p ,,de ,,lance4 ,!
 /++ rep>tee t rises to ! lips1 & :i*1  
if utt]$1 might cov] an adv]s>y )       
confusion1 h[ difficult x sometimes is  
to resi/ say+ x6 ,heav5 keep u1 says    
,miss ,brem] 9 h] ',home1' f ! de/roy+  
p[] ( words6 ,!re are words :i* sev]    

he>ts m ?an %>p swords d2 !re are words 
! po9t ( :i* /+ ! he>t ?r\gh ! c\rse ( a
 :ole life4  ,?us "* exhibits itself 9  
self-control ( spee* z mu* z 9 any?+    
else4 ,! wise & =be>ant man w re/ra9 8  
desire to say a sm>t or sev]e ?+ at !   
exp5se ( ano!r's feel+s2 :ile ! fool    
blurts out :at he ?9ks1 & w sacrifice 8 
fri5d r ?an 8 joke4 ,! m\? ( a wise man1
 said ,solomon1 is 9 8 he>t2 ! he>t ( a 
fool is 9 8 m\?4  ,!re are1 h[ev]1 m5 :o
 are no fools1 t are headlong 9 _!      
language z 9 _! acts1 because ( _! want 
( =be>ance & self-re/ra9+ pati5ce4 ,!   
impulsive g5ius1 gift$ ) quick ?\ght &  
incisive spee*--p]haps c>ri$ away by !  
*e]s ( ! mom5t--lets fly a s>ca/ic      
s5t5ce :i* may return ^u him to 8 own   
inf9ite damage4 ,ev5 /atesm5 might be   
nam$1 :o h fail$ ?r\gh _! inability to  
resi/ ! temptation ( say+ clev] &       
spiteful ?+s at _! adv]s>y's exp5se4 ,! 
turn ( a s5t5ce1 says ,b5?am1 has decid$
 ! fate ( _m a fri5d%ip1 &1 = aught t we
 "k1 ! fate ( _m a k+dom4 ,s1 :5 "o is  

tempt$ to write a clev] b h>% ?+1 ?\gh x
 may be difficult to re/ra9 x1 x is     
always bett] to leave x 9 ! ink/&4 ,a   
goose's quill1 says ! ,spani% prov]b1   
(t5 hurts m ?an a lion's claw4  ,c>lyle 
says1 :5 speak+ ( ,oliv] ,cromwell1 ,he 
t _c )al keep 8 m9d to himself1 _c      
practise any consid]able ?+ :atsoev]4 ,x
 0 said ( ,william ! ,sil5t1 by "o ( 8  
greate/ enemies1 t an arrogant or       
indiscreet ^w 0 nev] kn[n to fall f 8   
lips4 ,l him1 ,wa%+ton 0 discretion     
itself 9 ! use ( spee*1 nev] tak+       
advantage ( an oppon5t1 or seek+ a      
%ortliv$ triumph 9 a debate4 ,& x is    
said t 9 ! long run1 ! _w comes r\nd to 
& supports ! wise man :o kn[s :5 & h[ to
 be sil5t4  ,we h he>d m5 ( great       
exp]i5ce say t !y h (t5 regrett$ hav+   
spok51 b nev] once regrett$ hold+ _!    
tongue4 ,be sil5t1 says ,py?agoras1 or  
say some?+ bett] ?an sil5ce4 ,speak     
fitly1 says ,george ,h]b]t1 or be sil5t 
wisely4 ,/4 ,francis de ,sales1 :om     
,leigh ,hunt /yl$ ! ,g5tleman ,sa9t1 has

 said3 ,x is bett] to rema9 sil5t ?an to
 speak ! tru? ill-hum\r$ly1 & s spoil an
 excell5t di% by cov]+ x ) bad sauce4   
,ano!r ,fr5*man1 ,lacordaire1           
*>act]i/ically puts spee* fir/1 & sil5ce
 next4 ,aft] spee*1 he says1 sil5ce is !
 greate/ p[] 9 ! _w4 ,yet a ^w spok5 9  
season1 h[ p[]ful x may be6 ,z ! old    
,wel% prov]b has x1 ,a gold5 tongue is 9
 ! m\? ( ! bless$4  ,x is relat$1 z a   
rem>kable in/ance ( self-control on ! "p
 ( ,de ,leon1 a di/+ui%$ ,spani% poet ( 
! sixte5? c5tury1 :o lay = ye>s 9 !     
dungeons ( ! ,inquisition )\t light or  
society1 because ( 8 hav+ translat$ a "p
 ( ! ,scriptures into 8 native tongue1 t
 on be+ lib]at$ & re/or$ to 8           
pr(essor%ip1 an imm5se cr[d att5d$ 8    
fir/ lecture1 expect+ "s acc\nt ( 8 long
 imprisonm5t2 b ,d ,leon 0 too wise &   
too g5tle to indulge 9 recrim9ation4 ,he
 m]ely resum$ ! lecture :i*1 five ye>s  
be=e1 _h be5 s sadly int]rupt$1 ) !     
accu/om$ =mula ,,h]i ,,dicebamus1 & w5t 
directly into 8 subject4  ,!re are1 (   

c\rse1 times & occasions :5 ! expression
 ( indignation is n only ju/ifiable b   
necess>y4 ,we are b\nd to be indignant  
at falsehood1 selfi%ness1 & cruelty4 ,a 
man ( true feel+ fires up naturally at  
bas5ess or meanness ( any sort1 ev5 9   
cases :]e he may be "u no obligation to 
speak out4 ,i w\ld h no?+ to d1 said    
,p]!s1 ) ! man :o _c be mov$ to         
indignation4 ,!re are m good p ?an bad 9
 ! _w1 & ! bad get ! upp] h& m]ely      
because !y are bold]4 ,we _c help be+   
pleas$ ) a man :o uses 8 p[]s )         
decision2 & we (t5 take 8 side = no o!r 
reason ?an because he does s use !m4 ,no
 d\bt1 ,i h (t5 rep5t$ speak+2 b n less 
(t5 h ,i rep5t$ keep+ sil5ce4 #aeh  ,"o 
:o loves "r _c be indiff]5t to wrong1 or
 wrongdo+4 ,if he feels w>mly1 he w     
speak w>mly1 out ( ! fulness ( 8 he>t4  
,z a noble lady #aei has writt53        
,a noble he>t do? tea* a virtu\s scorn--
       ,to scorn to owe a duty ov]long1 
,to scorn to be = b5efits =borne1       
,to scorn to lie1 to scorn to d a wrong1

       ,to scorn to be> an injury 9 m9d1
       ,to scorn a freeborn he>t slave-l
 to b9d4  ,we h1 h[ev]1 to be on our    
gu>d aga9/ impati5t scorn4 ,! be/ p are 
apt to h _! impati5t side2 & (t51 ! v   
temp] :i* makes m5 e>ne/1 makes !m also 
intol]ant4 #aeaj ,( all m5tal gifts1    
says ,miss ,julia ,w$gwood1 ! r>e/ is   
intellectual pati5ce2 & ! la/ lesson (  
culture is to believe 9 difficulties :i*
 are invisible to ourselves4  ,! be/    
corrective ( intol]ance 9 disposition1  
is increase ( wisdom & enl>g$ exp]i5ce (
 life4 ,cultivat$ good s5se w usually   
save m5 f ! entanglem5ts 9 :i* moral    
impati5ce is apt to involve !m2 good    
s5se consi/+ *iefly 9 t temp] ( m9d :i* 
enables its possessor to deal ) !       
practical affairs ( life ) ju/ice1      
judgm5t1 discretion1 & *>ity4 ,h5ce m5 (
 culture & exp]i5ce are inv>iably1 f\nd 
! mo/ =be>ant & tol]ant1 z ignorant &   
n>r[m9d$ p]sons are f\nd ! mo/ un=giv+ &
 intol]ant4 ,m5 ( l>ge & g5]\s natures1 
9 proportion to _! practical wisdom1 are

 dispos$ to make all[ance = ! defects & 
disadvantages ( o!rs--all[ance = !      
controll+ p[] ( circum/ances 9 ! =mation
 ( "*1 & ! limit$ p[] ( resi/ance ( weak
 & fallible natures to temptation &     
error4 ,i see no fault committ$1 said   
,goe!1 :i* ,i also might n h committ$4  
,s a wise & good man exclaim$1 :5 he saw
 a crim9al drawn on 8 hurdle to ,tyburn3
 ,!re goes ,jona?an ,brad=d--b = ! grace
 ( ,god6  ,life w always be1 to a great 
ext5t1 :at we ourselves make x4 ,!      
*e]ful man makes a *e]ful _w1 ! gloomy  
man a gloomy "o4 ,we usually f9d b our  
own temp]am5t reflect$ 9 ! dispositions 
( ^? ab\t u4 ,if we are ourselves       
qu]ul\s1 we w f9d !m s2 if we are       
un=giv+ & un*>itable to !m1 !y w be !   
same to u4 ,a p]son return+ f an ev5+   
p>ty n long ago1 compla9$ to a policeman
 on 8 beat t an ill-look+ fell[ 0 foll[+
 him3 x turn$ out to be only 8 own %ad[6
 ,& su* usually is human life to ea* (  
u2 x is1 = ! mo/ "p1 b ! reflection (   
ourselves4  ,if we w\ld be at peace )   

o!rs1 & ensure _! respect1 we mu/ h     
reg>d = _! p]sonality4 ,e man has 8     
peculi>ities ( mann] & "*1 z he has     
peculi>ities ( =m & feature2 & we mu/ h 
=be>ance 9 deal+ ) !m1 z we expect !m to
 h =be>ance 9 deal+ ) u4 ,we may n be   
consci\s ( our own peculi>ities1 yet !y 
exi/ nev]!less4 ,!re is a village 9 ,s\?
 ,am]ica :]e gotos or goitres are s     
common t to be )\t "o is reg>d$ z a     
de=mity4 ,"o day a p>ty ( ,engli%m5     
pass$ ?r\gh ! place1 :5 q a cr[d        
collect$ to je] !m1 %\t+3 ,see1 see ^!  
p--!y h got ,,no ,,gotos6  ,_m p]sons   
give !mselves a great deal ( fidget     
conc]n+ :at o!r p ?9k ( !m & _!         
peculi>ities4 ,"s are too mu* dispos$ to
 take ! illnatur$ side1 &1 judg+ by     
!mselves1 inf] ! wor/4 ,b x is v (t5 !  
case t ! un*>itabl5ess ( o!rs1 :]e x    
really exi/s1 is b ! reflection ( our   
own want ( *>ity & want ( temp]4 ,x /ill
 (t5] happ5s1 t ! worry we subject      
ourselves to1 has its s\rce 9 our own   
imag9ation4 ,& ev5 ?\gh ^? ab\t u may   

?9k ( u un*>itably1 we %all n m5d matt]s
 by exasp]at+ ourselves aga9/ !m4 ,we   
may !reby only expose ourselves         
unnecess>ily to _! illnature or caprice4
 ,! ill t comes out ( our m\?1 says     
,h]b]t1 (ttimes falls into our bosom4   
,! great & good philosoph] ,f>aday      
communicat$ ! foll[+ piece ( admirable  
advice1 full ( practical wisdom1 !      
result ( a ri* exp]i5ce ( life1 9 a     
lett] to 8 fri5d ,pr(essor ,tyndall3-   
,let me1 z an old man1 :o ought by ?is  
"t to h pr(it$ by exp]i5ce1 say t :5 ,i 
0 y\ng] ,i f\nd ,i (t5 misrepres5t$ !   
int5tions ( p1 & t !y did n mean :at at 
! "t ,i suppos$ !y meant2 & fur!r1 t1 z 
a g5]al rule1 x 0 bett] to be a little  
dull ( appreh5sion :]e phrases seem$ to 
imply pique1 & quick 9 p]ception :51 on 
! contr>y1 !y seem$ to imply k9dly      
feel+4 ,! real tru? nev] fails          
ultimately to appe>2 & oppos+ p>ties1 if
 wrong1 are soon] conv9c$ :5 repli$ to  
=be>+ly1 ?an :5 ov]:elm$4 ,all ,i mean  
to say is1 t x is bett] to be bl9d to ! 

results ( p>tisan%ip1 & quick to see    
goodwill4 ,"o has m happ9ess 9 "o's self
 9 endeav\r+ to foll[ ! ?+s t make =    
peace4 ,y c h>dly imag9e h[ (t5 ,i h be5
 heat$ 9 private :5 oppos$1 z ,i h ?\ght
 unju/ly & sup]cili\sly1 & yet ,i h     
/riv51 & succe$$1 ,i hope1 9 keep+ d[n  
replies ( ! l k9d4 ,& ,i "k ,i h nev]   
lo/ by x4 #aeaa  ,:ile ! pa9t] ,b>ry 0  
at ,rome1 he involv$ himself1 z 0 8     
wont1 9 furi\s qu>rels ) ! arti/s &     
dilettanti1 ab\t picture-pa9t+ &        
picture-deal+1 ^u :i* 8 fri5d &         
c\ntryman1 ,edmund ,burke--always !     
g5]\s fri5d ( /ruggl+ m]it--wrote to him
 k9dly & s5sibly3 ,believe me1 de>      
,b>ry1 t ! arms ) :i* ! ill-dispositions
 ( ! _w are to be combat$1 & ! qualities
 by :i* x is to be reconcil$ to u1 & we 
reconcil$ to x1 are mod]ation1 g5tl5ess1
 a little indulg5ce to o!rs1 & a great  
deal ( di/ru/ ( ourselves2 :i* are n    
qualities ( a mean _s1 z "s may possibly
 ?9k !m1 b virtues ( a great & noble    
k9d1 & su* z dignify our nature z mu* z 

!y contribute to our repose & =tune2 =  
no?+ c be s unwor?y ( a well-compos$ s\l
 z to pass away life 9 bick]+s &        
litigations--9 sn>l+ & scuffl+ ) e "o   
ab\t u4 ,we mu/ be at peace ) our       
species1 if n = _! sakes1 at lea/ v mu* 
= our own4 #aeab  ,no "o knew ! value ( 
self-control bett] ?an ! poet ,burns1 & 
no "o c\ld tea* x m eloqu5tly to o!rs2 b
 :5 x came to practice1 ,burns 0 z weak 
z ! weake/4 ,he c\ld n d5y himself !    
pleasure ( utt]+ a h>% & clev] s>casm at
 ano!r's exp5se4 ,"o ( 8 biograph]s     
obs]ves ( him1 t x 0 no extravagant     
ari?metic to say t = e t5 jokes he made 
himself a hundr$ enemies4 ,b ?is 0 n    
all4 ,poor ,burns ex]cis$ no control ov]
 8 appetites1 b freely gave !m re93     
,?us ?\ghtless follies laid him l[      
,& /a9$ 8 "n4  ,nor _h he ! self-d5ial  
to resi/ giv+ publicity to compositions 
orig9ally int5d$ = ! delight ( !        
tap-room1 b :i* cont9ue secretly to s[  
pollution broadca/ 9 ! m9ds ( y\?4      
,inde$1 not)/&+ ! _m exquisite poems (  

?is writ]1 x is n say+ too mu* to av] t 
8 immoral writ+s h done f> m h>m ?an 8  
pur] writ+s h done good2 & t x w\ld be  
bett] t all 8 writ+s %\ld be de/roy$ &  
=gott5 provid$ 8 indec5t songs c\ld be  
de/roy$ ) !m4  ,! rem>k applies alike to
 ,b]ang]1 :o has be5 /yl$ ,! ,burns (   
,france4 ,b]ang] 0 ( ! same bright      
incisive g5ius2 he _h ! same love (     
pleasure1 ! same love ( popul>ity2 &    
:ile he flatt]$ ,fr5* vanity to ! top ( 
its b5t1 he also pa9t$ ! vices mo/ lov$ 
by 8 c\ntrym5 ) ! p5 ( a ma/]4 ,b]ang]'s
 songs & ,?i]s' ,hi/ory probably did m  
?an any?+ else to ree/abli% !           
,napoleonic dyna/y 9 ,france4 ,b t 0 a  
small evil comp>$ ) ! moral mis*ief :i* 
_m ( ,b]ang]'s songs are calculat$ to   
produce2 =1 circulat+ freely z !y d 9   
,fr5* h\seholds1 !y exhibit pictures (  
na/9ess & vice1 :i* are en\gh to pollute
 & de/roy a nation4  ,"o ( ,burns's f9e/
 poems1 writt51 9 8 tw5ty-eigh? ye>1 is 
entitl$ ',a ,b>d's ,epitaph4' ,x is a   
description1 by anticipation1 ( 8 own   

life4 ,wordswor? has said ( x3 ,"h is a 
s9c]e & solemn av[al2 a public          
decl>ation f 8 own w2 a confession at   
once dev\t1 poetical & human2 a hi/ory 9
 ! %ape ( a prophecy4 ,x concludes ) ^! 
l9es3--        ,read]1 att5d--:e!r ?y   
s\l        ,so>s fancy's flights beyond 
! pole1        ,or d>kl+ grubs ?is e>?ly
 hole                            ,9 l[  
pursuit2        ,"k--prud5t1 cauti\s    
self-control1                           
,is ,wisdom's root4  ,"o ( ! vices be=e 
:i* ,burns fell--& x may be said to be a
 ma/]-vice1 because x is productive ( s 
_m o!r vices--0 dr9k+4 ,n t he 0 a      
drunk>d1 b because he yield$ to !       
temptations ( dr9k1 ) its degrad+       
associations1 & !reby l[]$ & deprav$ 8  
:ole nature4 #aeac ,b poor ,burns did n 
/& alone2 =1 alas6 ( all vices1 !       
unre/ra9$ appetite = dr9k 0 9 8 "t1 z x 
cont9ues to be n[1 ! mo/ preval5t1      
popul>1 degrad+1 & de/ructive4  ,7 x    
possible to conceive ! exi/5ce ( a      
tyrant :o %\ld compel 8 p to give up to 

him "o-?ird or m ( _! e>n+s1 & require  
!m at ! same "t to consume a commodity t
 %\ld brutalise & degrade !m1 de/roy !  
peace & com=t ( _! families1 & s[ 9     
!mselves ! se$s ( disease & premature   
dea?--:at indignation meet+s1 :at mon/] 
processions !re w\ld be6 ',:at eloqu5t  
spee*es & apo/rophes to ! _s (          
lib]ty6--:at appeals aga9/ a despotism s
 mon/r\s & s unnatural6 ,& yet su* a    
tyrant really exi/s among/ u--! tyrant (
 unre/ra9$ appetite1 :om no =ce ( arms1 
or voices1 or votes c resi/1 :ile m5 are
 will+ to be 8 slaves4  ,! p[] ( ?is    
tyrant c only be ov]come by moral       
means--by self-discipl9e1 self-respect1 
& self-control4 ,!re is no o!r way (    
)/&+ ! despotism ( appetite 9 any ( its 
=ms4 ,no re=m ( in/itutions1 no ext5d$  
p[] ( vot+1 no improv$ =m ( gov]nm5t1 no
 am\nt ( s*ola/ic in/ruction1 c possibly
 elevate ! "* ( a p :o volunt>ily ab&on 
!mselves to s5sual indulg5ce4 ,! pursuit
 ( ignoble pleasure is ! degradation (  
true happ9ess2 x saps ! morals1 de/roys 

! en]gies1 & degrades ! manl9ess &      
robu/ness ( individuals z ( nations4  ,!
 c\rage ( self-control exhibits itself 9
 _m ways1 b 9 none m cle>ly ?an 9 hone/ 
liv+4 ,m5 )\t ! virtue ( self-d5ial are 
n only subject to _! own selfi% desires1
 b !y are usually 9 bondage to o!rs :o  
are likem9d$ ) !mselves4 ,:at o!rs d1 !y
 d4 ,!y mu/ live accord+ to ! artificial
 /&>d ( _! class1 sp5d+ l _! neighb\rs1 
reg>dless ( ! consequ5ces1 at ! same "t 
t all are1 p]haps1 aspir+ aft] a /yle ( 
liv+ high] ?an _! means4 ,ea* c>ries !  
o!rs along ) him1 & !y h n ! moral      
c\rage to /op4 ,!y _c resi/ ! temptation
 ( liv+ high1 ?\gh x may be at ! exp5se 
( o!rs2 & !y gradually become reckless (
 debt1 until x en?rals !m4 ,9 all ?is   
!re is great moral c[>dice1             
pusillanimity1 & want ( manly indep5d5ce
 ( "*4  ,a rightm9d$ man w %r9k f seem+ 
to be :at he is n1 or pret5d+ to be ri*]
 ?an he really is1 or assum+ a /yle (   
liv+ t 8 circum/ances w n ju/ify4 ,he w 
h ! c\rage to live hone/ly )9 8 own     

means1 r ?an di%one/ly ^u ! means ( o!r 
p2 = he :o incurs debts 9 /riv+ to      
ma9ta9 a /yle ( liv+ beyond 8 income1 is
 9 _s z di%one/ z ! man :o op5ly picks  
y\r pocket4  ,to _m1 ?is may seem an    
extreme view1 b x w be> ! /ricte/ te/4  
,liv+ at ! co/ ( o!rs is n only         
di%one/y1 b x is untru?fulness 9 de$1 z 
ly+ is 9 ^w4 ,! prov]b ( ,george ,h]b]t1
 t debtors are li>s1 is ju/ifi$ by      
exp]i5ce4 ,%aftesbury some:]e says t a  
re/lessness to h some?+ :i* we h n1 & to
 be some?+ :i* we are n1 is ! root ( all
 immorality4 #aead ,no reliance is to be
 plac$ on ! say+--a v dang]\s "o--(     
,mirabeau1 t ,,la ,,petite ,,morale     
,,etait ,l',,ennemie ,,de ,,la ,,gr&e4  
,on ! contr>y1 /rict adh]5ce to ev5 !   
smalle/ details ( morality is !         
f\ndation ( all manly & noble "*4  ,!   
hon\rable man is frugal ( 8 means1 &    
pays 8 way hone/ly4 ,he does n seek to  
pass himself (f z ri*] ?an he is1 or1 by
 runn+ into debt1 op5 an acc\nt ) ru94  
,z t man is n poor ^: means are small1 b

 ^: desires are uncontroll$1 s t man is 
ri* ^: means are m ?an suffici5t = 8    
wants4 ,:5 ,socrates saw a great        
quantity ( ri*es1 jewels1 & furniture ( 
great value1 c>ri$ 9 pomp ?r\gh ,a!ns1  
he said1 ,n[ d ,i see h[ _m ?+s ,i d ,,n
 desire4 ,i c =give ev]y?+ b selfi%ness1
 said ,p]!s4 ,ev5 ! n>r[e/ circum/ances 
admit ( greatness ) ref]5ce to 'm9e &   
?9e'2 & none b ! v poore/ ne$ fill _!   
daily life ) ?\ghts ( money1 if !y h b  
prud5ce to arrange _! h\sekeep+ )9 !    
limits ( _! income4  ,a man may be      
indiff]5t to money because ( high]      
consid]ations1 z ,f>aday 01 :o sacrific$
 weal? to pursue sci5ce2 b if he w\ld h 
! enjoym5ts t money c pur*ase1 he mu/   
hone/ly e>n x1 & n live ^u ! e>n+s (    
o!rs1 z ^? d :o habitually incur debts  
:i* !y h no means ( pay+4 ,:5 ,mag9n1   
always dr[n$ 9 debt1 0 ask$ :at he paid 
= 8 w9e1 he repli$ t he did n "k1 b he  
believ$ !y put some?+ d[n 9 a book4     
#aeae  ,?is putt+-d[n 9 a book has prov$
 ! ru9 ( a great _m weakm9d$ p1 :o _c   

resi/ ! temptation ( tak+ ?+s ^u cr$it  
:i* !y h n ! pres5t means ( pay+ =2 & x 
w\ld probably prove ( great social      
b5efit if ! law :i* enables cr$itors to 
recov] debts contract$ "u c]ta9         
circum/ances 7 altoge!r aboli%$4 ,b1 9 !
 competition = trade1 e enc\ragem5t is  
giv5 to ! incurr+ ( debt1 ! cr$itor     
rely+ ^u ! law to aid him 9 ! la/       
extremity4 ,:5 ,sydney ,smi? once w5t   
into a new neighb\rhood1 x 0 giv5 out 9 
! local pap]s t he 0 a man ( high       
connections1 & he 0 bes\ght on all sides
 = 8 cu/om4 ,b he spe$ily undeceiv$ 8   
new neighb\rs4 ,we are n great p at all1
 he said3 we are only common hone/ p--p 
t pay our debts4  ,hazlitt1 :o 0 a      
?or\ghly hone/ ?\gh r ?riftless man1    
speaks ( two classes ( p]sons1 n unlike 
ea* o!r--^? :o _c keep _! own money 9 _!
 h&s1 & ^? :o _c keep _! h&s f o!r p's4 
,! =m] are always 9 want ( money1 = !y  
?r[ x away on any object t fir/ pres5ts 
itself1 z if to get rid ( x2 ! latt]    
make away ) :at !y h ( _! own1 & are    

p]petual borr[]s f all :o w l5d to !m2 &
 _! g5ius = borr[+1 9 ! long run1       
usually proves _! ru94  ,%]idan 0 "o (  
su* em95t un=tunates4 ,he 0 impulsive & 
c>eless 9 8 exp5diture1 borr[+ money1 & 
runn+ into debt ) ev]ybody :o w\ld tru/ 
him4 ,:5 he /ood = ,we/m9/]1 8          
unpopul>ity arose *iefly f 8 g5]al      
indebt$ness4 ,numb]s ( poor p1 says ,"l 
,palm]/on 9 "o ( 8 lett]s1 cr[d$ r\nd ! 
hu/+s1 dem&+ paym5t = ! bills he ow$ !m4
 ,9 ! mid/ ( all 8 difficulties1 ,%]idan
 0 z ligh!>t$ z ev]1 & crack$ _m a good 
joke at 8 cr$itors' exp5se4 ,"l         
,palm]/on 0 actually pres5t at ! d9n]   
giv5 by him1 at :i* ! %]iff's 9         
possession 7 dress$ up & (ficiat$ z     
wait]s  ,yet h[ev] loose ,%]idan's      
morality may h be5 z reg>d$ 8 private   
cr$itors1 he 0 hone/ s f> z ! public    
money 0 conc]n$4 ,once1 at d9n]1 at :i* 
,"l ,byron happ5$ to be pres5t1 an      
obs]vation happ5$ to be made z to !     
/urd9ess ( ! ,:igs 9 resi/+ (fice1 &    
keep+ to _! pr9ciples--on :i* ,%]idan   

turn$ %>ply & said3 ,sir1 x is easy = my
 ,"l ?is1 or ,e>l t1 or ! ,m>quis (     
t'o!r1 ) ?\s&s ^u ?\s&s a ye>1 "s ( x   
ei!r pres5tly d]iv$ or inh]it$ 9 s9ecure
 or acquisitions f ! public money1 to   
boa/ ( _! patriotism1 & keep alo( f     
temptation2 b !y d n "k f :at temptation
 ^? h kept alo( :o _h equal pride1 at   
lea/ equal tal5ts1 & n unequal passions1
 & nev]!less knew n1 9 ! c\rse ( _!     
lives1 :at x 0 to h a %ill+ ( _! own4 ,&
 ,"l ,byron adds1 t1 9 say+ ?is1 ,%]idan
 wept4 #aeaf  ,! tone ( public morality 
9 money-matt]s 0 v l[ 9 ^? days4        
,political peculation 0 n ?\ght         
discr$itable2 & heads ( p>ties did n    
hesitate to secure ! adhesion ( _!      
foll[]s by a free use ( ! public money4 
,!y 7 g5]\s1 b at ! exp5se ( o!rs--l t  
great local magnate1 :o1           ,out 
( 8 great b\nty1       ,built a bridge  
at ! exp5se ( ! c\nty4  ,:5 ,"l         
,cornwallis 0 appo9t$ ,"l-,lieut5ant (  
,irel&1 he press$ ^u ,colonel ,napi]1 ! 
fa!r ( ,,! ,napi]s1 ! comptroll]%ip (   

army acc\nts4 ,i want1 said 8 ,lord%ip1 
,,an ,,hone/ ,,man1 & ?is is ! only ?+  
,i h be5 able to wre/ f ! h>pies ar\nd  
me4  ,x is said t ,"l ,*a?am 0 ! fir/ to
 set ! example ( disda9+ to gov]n by    
petty l>c5y2 & 8 great son 0 alike hone/
 9 8 adm9i/ration4 ,:ile millions (     
money 7 pass+ ?r\gh ,pitt's h&s1 he     
himself 0 nev] o!rwise ?an poor2 & he   
di$ poor4 ,( all 8 rancor\s libell]s1 n 
"o ev] v5tur$ to call 9 "q 8 hone/y4  ,9
 =m] times1 ! pr(its ( (fice 7 sometimes
 enorm\s4 ,:5 ,audley1 ! fam\s          
annuity-mong] ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 0 ask$
 ! value ( an (fice :i* he _h pur*as$ 9 
! ,c\rt ( ,w>ds1 he repli$3--,"s ?\s&s  
to any "o :o wi%es to get to heav5      
imm$iately2 twice z mu* to him :o does n
 m9d be+ 9 purgatory2 & nobody kn[s :at 
to him :o is n afraid ( ! devil4  ,sir  
,walt] ,scott 0 a man :o 0 hone/ to !   
core ( 8 nature & 8 /r5u\s & det]m9$    
ef=ts to pay 8 debts1 or r ! debts ( !  
firm ) :i* he _h become involv$1 has    
always appe>$ to u "o ( ! gr&e/ ?+s 9   

biography4 ,:5 8 publi%] & pr9t] broke  
d[n1 ru9 seem$ to />e him 9 ! face4 ,!re
 0 no want ( sympa?y = him 9 8 great    
mis=tune1 & fri5ds came =w>d :o (f]$ to 
raise money en\gh to enable him to      
arrange ) 8 cr$itors4 ,no6 said he1     
pr\dly2 ?is "r h& %all "w x all (f6 ,if 
we lose ev]y?+ else1 he wrote to a      
fri5d1 we w at lea/ keep our hon\r      
unblemi%$4 #aeag ,:ile 8 heal? 0 already
 becom+ und]m9$ by ov]work1 he w5t on   
writ+ l a tig]1 z he himself express$ x1
 until no long] able to wield a p52 &   
?\gh he paid ! p5alty ( 8 supreme ef=ts 
) 8 life1 he nev]!less sav$ 8 hon\r & 8 
self-respect4  ,ev]ybody kn[s b[ ,scott 
?rew (f ',wood/ock1' ! ',life (         
,napoleon' #ae:i* he ?\ght w\ld be 8    
dea? #aeah1 articles = ! ',qu>t]ly1'    
',*ronicles ( ! ,canongate1' ',prose    
,miscellanies1' & ',tales ( a           
,gr&fa!r'--all writt5 9 ! mid/ ( pa91   
sorr[1 & ru94 ,! proce$s ( ^? v>i\s     
works w5t to 8 cr$itors4 ,i c\ld n h    
slept s\nd1 he wrote1 z ,i n[ c1 "u !   

com=table impression ( receiv+ ! ?anks (
 my cr$itors1 & ! consci\s feel+ (      
dis*>g+ my duty z a man ( hon\r &       
hone/y4 ,i see be=e me a long1 t$i\s1 & 
d>k pa?1 b x leads to /a9less           
reputation4 ,if ,i die 9 ! h>r[s1 z is v
 likely1 ,i %all die ) hon\r4 ,if ,i    
a*ieve my task1 ,i %all h ! ?anks ( all 
conc]n$1 & ! approbation ( my own       
consci5ce4 #aeai  ,& !n foll[$ m        
articles1 memoirs1 & ev5 s]mons--',!    
,fair ,maid ( ,p]?1' a completely revis$
 edition ( 8 novels1 ',anne ( ,gei]/e91'
 & m ',tales ( a ,gr&fa!r'--until he 0  
sudd5ly /ruck d[n by p>alysis4 ,b he _h 
no soon] recov]$ suffici5t /r5g? to be  
able to hold a p51 ?an we f9d him aga9  
at 8 desk writ+ ! ',lett]s on           
,demonology & ,wit*craft1' a volume (   
,scotti% ,hi/ory = ',l>dn]'s            
,cyclopa$ia1' & a f\r? s]ies ( ',tales (
 a ,gr&fa!r' 9 8 ,fr5* ,hi/ory4 ,9 va9 8
 doctors told him to give up "w2 he w\ld
 n be dissuad$4 ,z = bidd+ me n "w1 he  
said to ,dr4 ,ab]crombie1 ,molly might j

 z well put ! kettle on ! fire & say1   
',n[1 kettle1 don't boil2' to :i* he    
add$1 ,if ,i 7 to be idle ,i %\ld g mad6
  ,by means ( ! pr(its realis$ by ^!    
trem5d\s ef=ts1 ,scott saw 8 debts 9    
c\rse ( rapid dim9ution1 & he tru/$ t1  
aft] a few m ye>s' "w1 he w\ld aga9 be a
 free man4 ,b x 0 n to be4 ,he w5t on   
turn+ out su* works z 8 ',c\nt ,rob]t ( 
,p>is' ) greatly impair$ skill1 until he
 0 pro/rat$ by ano!r & sev]] attack (   
palsy4 ,he n[ felt t ! pl\gh 0 ne>+ !   
end ( ! furr[2 8 physical /r5g? 0 gone2 
he 0 n q himself 9 all ?+s1 & yet 8     
c\rage & p]sev]ance nev] fail$4 ,i h    
suff]$ t]ribly1 he wrote 9 8 ,di>y1 ?\gh
 r 9 body ?an 9 m9d1 & ,i (t5 wi% ,i    
c\ld lie d[n & sleep )\t wak+4 ,b ,i ,,w
 ,,fight ,,x ,,out ,,if ,i ,,c4 ,he aga9
 recov]$ suffici5tly to be able to write
 ',ca/le ,dang]\s1' ?\gh ! cunn+ ( !    
workman's h& _h dep>t$4 ,& !n !re 0 8   
la/ t\r to ,italy 9 se>* ( re/ & heal?1 
dur+ :i*1 :ile at ,naples1 9 spite ( all
 remon/rances1 he gave sev]al h\rs e    

morn+ to ! composition ( a new novel1   
:i*1 h[ev]1 has n se5 ! light4  ,scott  
return$ to ,abbots=d to die4 ,i h se5   
mu*1 he said on 8 return1 b no?+ l my   
own h\se--give me "o turn m4 ,"o ( ! la/
 ?+s he utt]$1 9 "o ( 8 lucid int]vals1 
0 wor?y ( him4 ,i h be51 he said1 p]haps
 ! mo/ volum9\s au?or ( my day1 & x ,,is
 a com=t to me to ?9k t ,i h tri$ to    
unsettle no man's fai?1 to corrupt no   
man's pr9ciples1 & t ,i h writt5 no?+   
:i* on my dea?b$ ,i %\ld wi% blott$ out4
 ,8 la/ injunction to 8 son-9-law 03    
,lockh>t1 ,i may h b a m9ute to speak to
 y4 ,my de>1 be virtu\s--be religi\s--be
 a good man4 ,no?+ else w give y any    
com=t :5 y come to lie "h4  ,! devot$   
conduct ( ,lockh>t himself 0 wor?y ( 8  
great relative4 ,! ',life ( ,scott1' :i*
 he aft]w>ds wrote1 occupi$ him sev]al  
ye>s1 & 0 a rem>kably successful "w4    
,yet he himself d]iv$ no pecuni>y       
advantage f x2 h&+ ov] ! pr(its ( ! :ole
 und]tak+ to ,sir ,walt]'s cr$itors 9   
paym5t ( debts :i* he 0 9 no way        

responsible1 b influ5c$ entirely by a _s
 ( hon\r1 ( reg>d = ! memory ( !        
illu/ri\s dead4     ,,*apt]             
,,vii4--,,duty--,,tru?fulness4          
,i slept1 & dreamt t life 0 ,beauty2 ,i 
woke1 & f\nd      t life 0 ,duty4       
,duty6 wondr\s ?\ght1 t worke/ nei!r by 
fond      ins9uation1 flatt]y1 nor by   
any ?reat1 b m]ely by      hold+ up ?y  
nak$ law 9 ! s\l1 & s extort+ =         
?yself always rev]5ce1 if n always      
ob$i5ce2 be=e      :om all appetites are
 dumb1 h[ev] secretly !y rebel--        
,,kant4              ,h[ happy is he    
born & taught1               ,t s]ve? n 
ano!r's w6             ,^: arm\r is 8   
hone/ ?\ght1               ,& simple    
tru? 8 utmo/ skill6              ,^:    
passions n 8 ma/]s are1                 
,^: s\l is /ill prep>$ = dea?2          
,unti'd unto ! _w by c>e                
,( public fame1 or private brea?4       
,?is man is fre$ f s]vile b&s1          
,( hope to rise1 or fe> to fall3        
,"l ( himself1 ?\gh n ( l&2             

,& hav+ no?+1 yet ha? all4--,,wotton4   
,8 nay 0 nay )\t recall2              ,8
 yea 0 yea1 & p[]ful all2           ,he 
gave 8 yea ) c>eful he$1             ,8 
?\ghts & words 7 well agre$2            
,8 ^w1 8 bond & seal4                   
,,inscription ,,on ,,b>on ,,/e9',s      
,,tomb4   ,,duty is a ?+ t is due1 & mu/
 be paid by e man :o w\ld avoid pres5t  
discr$it & ev5tual moral insolv5cy4 ,x  
is an obligation--a debt--:i* c only be 
dis*>g$ by volunt>y ef=t & resolute     
action 9 ! affairs ( life4  ,duty       
embraces man's :ole exi/5ce4 ,x beg9s 9 
! home1 :]e !re is ! duty :i* *ildr5 owe
 to _! p>5ts on ! "o h&1 & ! duty :i*   
p>5ts owe to _! *ildr5 on ! o!r4 ,!re   
are1 9 l mann]1 ! respective duties (   
husb&s & wives1 ( ma/]s & s]vants2 :ile 
outside ! home !re are ! duties :i* m5 &
 wom5 owe to ea* o!r z fri5ds &         
neighb\rs1 z employ]s & employ$1 z      
gov]nors & gov]n$4  ,r5d]1 !re=e1 says  
,/4 ,paul1 to all _! dues3 tribute to   
:om tribute is due2 cu/om to :om cu/om2 

fe> to :om fe>2 hon\r to :om hon\r4 ,owe
 no man any?+1 b to love "o ano!r2 = he 
t love? ano!r ha? fulfill$ ! law1  ,?us 
duty r\nds ! :ole ( life1 f our entrance
 into x until our exit f x--duty to     
sup]iors1 duty to inf]iors1 & duty to   
equals--duty to man1 & duty to ,god4    
,:]ev] !re is p[] to use or to direct1  
!re is duty4 ,= we are b z /ew>ds1      
appo9t$ to employ ! means entru/$ to u =
 our own & = o!rs' good4  ,! abid+ s5se 
( duty is ! v cr[n ( "*4 ,x is ! uphold+
 law ( man 9 8 highe/ attitudes4 ,)\t x1
 ! individual tott]s & falls be=e ! fir/
 puff ( adv]sity or temptation2 :]eas1  
inspir$ by x1 ! weake/ becomes /rong &  
full ( c\rage4 ,duty1 says ,mrs4        
,jameson1 is ! cem5t :i* b9ds ! :ole    
moral edifice toge!r2 )\t :i*1 all p[]1 
goodness1 intellect1 tru?1 happ9ess1    
love itself1 c h no p]man5ce2 b all !   
fabric ( exi/5ce crumbles away f "u u1 &
 leaves u at la/ sitt+ 9 ! mid/ ( a ru91
 a/oni%$ at our own desolation4  ,duty  
is bas$ ^u a s5se ( ju/ice--ju/ice      

inspir$ by love1 :i* is ! mo/ p]fect =m 
( goodness4 ,duty is n a s5tim5t1 b a   
pr9ciple p]vad+ ! life3 & x exhibits    
itself 9 conduct & 9 acts1 :i* are ma9ly
 det]m9$ by man's consci5ce & freewill4 
,! voice ( consci5ce speaks 9 duty done2
 & )\t its regulat+ & controll+         
influ5ce1 ! brighte/ & greate/ intellect
 may be m]ely z a light t leads a/ray4  
,consci5ce sets a man ^u 8 feet1 :ile 8 
w holds him upright4 ,consci5ce is !    
moral gov]nor ( ! he>t--! gov]nor ( "r  
action1 ( "r ?\ght1 ( "r fai?1 ( "r     
life--& only ?r\gh its dom9at+ influ5ce 
c ! noble & upright "* be fully         
develop$4  ,! consci5ce1 h[ev]1 may     
speak nev] s l\dly1 b )\t en]getic w x  
may speak 9 va94 ,! w is free to *oose  
betwe5 ! "r c\rse & ! wrong "o1 b !     
*oice is no?+ unless foll[$ by imm$iate 
& decisive action4 ,if ! s5se ( duty be 
/rong1 & ! c\rse ( action cle>1 !       
c\rage\s w1 upheld by ! consci5ce1      
enables a man to proce$ on 8 c\rse      
bravely1 & to accompli% 8 purposes 9 !  

face ( all opposition & difficulty4 ,&  
%\ld failure be ! issue1 !re w rema9 at 
lea/ ?is satisfaction1 t x has be5 9 !  
cause ( duty4  ,be & cont9ue poor1 "y   
man1 said ,he9zelmann1 :ile o!rs ar\nd y
 gr[ ri* by fraud & disloyalty2 be )\t  
place or p[] :ile o!rs beg _! way       
upw>ds2 be> ! pa9 ( disappo9t$ hopes1   
:ile o!rs ga9 ! accompli%m5t ( !irs by  
flatt]y2 =ego ! graci\s pressure ( ! h&1
 = :i* o!rs cr+e & crawl4 ,wrap y\rself 
9 y\r own virtue1 & seek a fri5d & y\r  
daily bread4 ,if y h 9 y\r own cause    
gr[n gray ) unblea*$ hon\r1 bless ,god &
 die6  ,m5 inspir$ by high pr9ciples are
 (t5 requir$ to sacrifice all t !y e/eem
 & love r ?an fail 9 _! duty4 ,! old    
,engli% idea ( ?is sublime devotion to  
duty 0 express$ by ! loyali/ poet to 8  
swee!>t1 on tak+ up arms = 8 sov]eign3--
            ,i c\ld love !e1 de>1 s mu*1
           ,lov$ ,i n hon\r m4 #afa  ,& 
,s]torius has said3 ,! man :o has any   
dignity ( "*1 %\ld conqu] ) hon\r1 & n  
use any base means ev5 to save 8 life4  

,s ,/4 ,paul1 inspir$ by duty & fai?1   
decl>$ himself z n only ready to be     
b\nd1 b to die at ,j]usalem4  ,:5 !     
,m>quis ( ,pesc>a 0 entreat$ by ! pr9ces
 ( ,italy to des]t ! ,spani% cause1 to  
:i* he 0 9 hon\r b\nd1 8 noble wife1    
,vittoria ,colonna1 rem9d$ him ( 8 duty4
 ,%e wrote to him3 ,rememb] y\r hon\r1  
:i* raises y above =tune & above k+s2 by
 t alone1 & n by ! spl5d\r ( titles1 is 
glory acquir$--t glory :i* x w be y\r   
happ9ess & pride to transmit unspott$ to
 y\r po/]ity4 ,su* 0 ! dignifi$ view :i*
 %e took ( h] husb&'s hon\r2 & :5 he    
fell at ,pavia1 ?\gh "y & beautiful1 &  
bes\ght by _m admir]s1 %e betook h]self 
to solitude1 t %e might lam5t ov] h]    
husb&'s loss & celebrate 8 exploits4    
#afb  ,to live really1 is to act        
en]getically4 ,life is a battle to be   
f\ght valiantly4 ,inspir$ by high &     
hon\rable resolve1 a man mu/ /& to 8    
po/1 & die !re1 if ne$ be4 ,l ! old     
,dani% h]o1 8 det]m9ation %\ld be1 to   
d>e nobly1 to w /rongly1 & nev] to falt]

 9 ! pa? ( duty4 ,! p[] ( w1 be x great 
or small1 :i* ,god has giv5 u1 is a     
,div9e gift2 & we ought nei!r to let x  
p]i% = want ( us+ on ! "o h&1 nor pr(ane
 x by employ+ x = ignoble purposes on ! 
o!r4 ,rob]tson1 ( ,brighton1 has truly  
said1 t man's real greatness consi/s n 9
 seek+ 8 own pleasure1 or fame1 or      
advancem5t--n t e "o %all save 8 own    
life1 n t e man %all seek 8 own glory--b
 t e man %all d 8 own duty4  ,:at mo/   
/&s 9 ! way ( ! p]=mance ( duty1 is     
irresolution1 weakness ( purpose1 &     
indecision4 ,on ! "o side are consci5ce 
& ! k ( good & evil2 on ! o!r are       
indol5ce1 selfi%ness1 love ( pleasure1  
or passion4 ,! weak & ill-discipl9$ w   
may rema9 susp5d$ = a "t betwe5 ^!      
influ5ces2 b at l5g? ! balance incl9es  
"o way or ! o!r1 accord+ z ! w is call$ 
into action or o!rwise4 ,if x be all[$  
to rema9 passive1 ! l[] influ5ce (      
selfi%ness or passion w prevail2 & ?us  
manhood suff]s abdication1 individuality
 is r5\nc$1 "* is degrad$1 & ! man      

p]mits himself to become ! m]e passive  
slave ( 8 s5ses4  ,?us1 ! p[] ( ex]cis+ 
! w promptly1 9 ob$i5ce to ! dictates ( 
consci5ce1 & !reby resi/+ ! impulses ( !
 l[] nature1 is ( ess5tial importance 9 
moral discipl9e1 & absolutely necess>y =
 ! developm5t ( "* 9 its be/ =ms4 ,to   
acquire ! habit ( well-do+1 to resi/    
evil prop5sities1 to fight aga9/ s5sual 
desires1 to ov]come inborn selfi%ness1  
may require a long & p]sev]+ discipl9e2 
b :5 once ! practice ( duty is le>nt1 x 
becomes consolidat$ 9 habit1 & !nce-=w>d
 is comp>atively easy4  ,! valiant good 
man is he :o1 by ! resolute ex]cise ( 8 
freewill1 has s discipl9$ himself z to h
 acquir$ ! habit ( virtue2 z ! bad man  
is he :o1 by all[+ 8 freewill to rema9  
inactive1 & giv+ ! bridle to 8 desires &
 passions1 has acquir$ ! habit ( vice1  
by :i* he becomes1 at la/1 b\nd z by    
*a9s ( iron4  ,a man c only a*ieve /r5g?
 ( purpose by ! action ( 8 own freewill4
 ,if he is to /& erect1 x mu/ be by 8   
own ef=ts2 = he _c be kept propp$ up by 

! help ( o!rs4 ,he is ma/] ( himself & (
 8 actions4 ,he c avoid falsehood1 & be 
tru?ful2 he c %un s5sualism1 & be       
cont95t2 he c turn aside f do+ a cruel  
?+1 & be b5evol5t & =giv+4 ,all ^! lie  
)9 ! sph]e ( individual ef=ts1 & come )9
 ! range ( self-discipl9e4 ,& x dep5ds  
^u m5 !mselves :e!r 9 ^! respects !y w  
be free1 pure1 & good on ! "o h&2 or    
enslav$1 impure1 & mis]able on ! o!r4   
,among ! wise say+s ( ,epictetus we f9d 
! foll[+3 ,we d n *oose our own p>ts 9  
life1 & h no?+ to d ) ^? p>ts3 our      
simple duty is conf9$ to play+ !m well4 
,! slave may be z free z ! consul2 &    
fre$om is ! *ief ( bless+s2 x dw>fs all 
o!rs2 beside x all o!rs are             
insignificant2 ) x all o!rs are ne$less2
 )\t x no o!rs are possible4444 ,y mu/  
tea* m5 t happ9ess is n :]e1 9 _!       
bl9dness & mis]y1 !y seek x4 ,x is n 9  
/r5g?1 = ,myro & ,(ellius 7 n happy2 n 9
 weal?1 = ,croesus 0 n happy2 n 9 p[]1 =
 ! ,consuls 7 n happy2 n 9 all ^!       
toge!r1 = ,n]o & ,s>danapulus &         

,agamemnon sigh$ & wept & tore _! hair1 
& 7 ! slaves ( circum/ances & ! dupes ( 
semblances4 ,x lies 9 y\rselves2 9 true 
fre$om1 9 ! abs5ce or conque/ ( e       
ignoble fe>2 9 p]fect self-gov]nm5t2 & 9
 a p[] ( cont5tm5t & peace1 & ! ev5 fl[ 
( life amid pov]ty1 exile1 disease1 & ! 
v valley ( ! %ad[ ( dea?4 #afc  ,! s5se 
( duty is a su/a9+ p[] ev5 to a c\rage\s
 man4 ,x holds him upright1 & makes him 
/rong4 ,x 0 a noble say+ ( ,pompey1 :5 8
 fri5ds tri$ to dissuade him f emb>k+ = 
,rome 9 a /orm1 tell+ him t he did s at 
! great p]il ( 8 life3 ,x is necess>y = 
me to g1 he said2 x is n necess>y = me  
to live4 ,:at x 0 "r t he %\ld d1 he    
w\ld d1 9 ! face ( dang] & 9 defiance ( 
/orms4  ,z might be expect$ ( ! great   
,wa%+ton1 ! *ief motive p[] 9 8 life 0 !
 _s ( duty4 ,x 0 ! regal & comm&+ elem5t
 9 8 "* :i* gave x unity1 compactness1 &
 vig\r4 ,:5 he cle>ly saw 8 duty be=e   
him1 he did x at all haz>ds1 & )        
inflexible integrity4 ,he did n d x =   
effect2 nor did he ?9k ( glory1 or (    

fame & its rew>ds2 b ( ! "r ?+ to be    
done1 & ! be/ way ( do+ x4  ,yet        
,wa%+ton _h a mo/ mode/ op9ion (        
himself2 & :5 (f]$ ! *ief comm& ( !     
,am]ican patriot army1 he hesitat$ to   
accept x until x 0 press$ ^u him4 ,:5   
ackn[l$g+ 9 ,congress ! hon\r :i* _h be5
 done him 9 select+ him to s important a
 tru/1 on ! execution ( :i* ! future ( 8
 c\ntry 9 a great measure dep5d$1       
,wa%+ton said3 ,i beg x may be rememb]$1
 le/ "s unlucky ev5t %\ld happ5         
unfav\rable to my reputation1 t ,i ?is  
day decl>e1 ) ! utmo/ s9c]ity1 ,i d n   
?9k myself equal to ! comm& ,i am hon\r$
 )4  ,& 9 8 lett] to 8 wife1 communicat+
 to h] 8 appo9tm5t z ,comm&]-9-,*ief1 he
 said3 ,i h us$ e endeav\r 9 my p[] to  
avoid x1 n only f my unwill+ness to "p )
 y & ! family1 b f a consci\sness ( its 
be+ a tru/ too great = my capacity2 & t 
,i %\ld enjoy m real happ9ess 9 "o mon? 
) y at home1 ?an ,i h ! mo/ di/ant      
prospect ( f9d+ abroad1 if my /ay 7 to  
be sev5 times sev5 ye>s4 ,b1 z x has be5

 a k9d ( de/9y t has ?r[n me ^u ?is     
s]vice1 ,i %all hope t my und]tak+ x is 
design$ = "s good purpose4 ,x 0 utt]ly  
out ( my p[] to refuse ! appo9tm5t1 )\t 
expos+ my "* to su* c5sures z w\ld h    
reflect$ di%on\r ^u myself1 & giv5 pa9  
to my fri5ds4 ,?is1 ,i am sure1 c\ld n1 
& ought n1 to be pleas+ to y1 & mu/ h   
less5$ me consid]ably 9 my own e/eem4   
#afd  ,wa%+ton pursu$ 8 upright c\rse   
?r\gh life1 fir/ z ,comm&]-9-,*ief1 &   
aft]w>ds z ,presid5t1 nev] falt]+ 9 !   
pa? ( duty4 ,he _h no reg>d = popul>ity1
 b held to 8 purpose1 ?r\gh good & ?r\gh
 evil report1 (t5 at ! risk ( 8 p[] &   
influ5ce4 ,?us1 on "o occasion1 :5 !    
ratification ( a treaty1 arrang$ by ,mr4
 ,jay ) ,great ,brita91 0 9 "q1 ,wa%+ton
 0 urg$ to reject x4 ,b 8 hon\r1 & !    
hon\r ( 8 c\ntry1 0 committ$1 & he      
refus$ to d s4 ,a great outcry 0 rais$  
aga9/ ! treaty1 & = a "t ,wa%+ton 0 s   
unpopul> t he is said to h be5 actually 
/on$ by ! mob4 ,b he1 nev]!less1 held x 
to be 8 duty to ratify ! treaty2 & x 0  

c>ri$ out1 9 despite ( petitions &      
remon/rances f all qu>t]s4 ,:ile ,i     
feel1 he said1 9 answ] to ! remon/rants1
 ! mo/ lively gratitude = ! _m in/ances 
( approbation f my c\ntry1 ,i c no      
o!rwise des]ve x ?an by obey+ ! dictates
 ( my consci5ce4 ,well+ton's wat*word1 l
 ,wa%+ton's1 0 duty2 & no man c\ld be m 
loyal to x ?an he 04 #afe ,!re is little
 or no?+1 he once said1 9 ?is life wor? 
liv+ =2 b we c all ( u g /raight =w>d & 
d our duty4 ,none recognis$ m *e]fully  
?an he did ! duty ( ob$i5ce & will+     
s]vice2 = unless m5 c s]ve fai?fully1 !y
 w n rule o!rs wisely4 ,!re is no motto 
t becomes ! wise man bett] ?an ,,i*     
,,di51 ,i s]ve2 & ,!y also s]ve :o only 
/& & wait4  ,:5 ! mortification ( an    
(fic]1 because ( 8 be+ appo9t$ to a     
comm& inf]ior to :at he consid]$ to be 8
 m]its1 0 communicat$ to ! ,duke1 he    
said3 ,9 ! c\rse ( my milit>y c>e]1 ,i h
 gone f ! comm& ( a brigade to t ( my   
regim5t1 & f ! comm& ( an army to t ( a 
brigade or a division1 z ,i 0 ord]$1 &  

)\t any feel+ ( mortification4  ,:il/   
comm&+ ! alli$ army 9 ,portugal1 !      
conduct ( ! native population did n seem
 to ,well+ton to be ei!r becom+ or      
dutiful4 ,we h en?usiasm 9 pl5ty1 he    
said1 & pl5ty ( cries ( ',,viva6' ,we h 
illum9ations1 patriotic songs1 & ,,fetes
 ev]y:]e4 ,b :at we want is1 t ea* 9 8  
own /ation %\ld d 8 duty fai?fully1 &   
pay implicit ob$i5ce to legal au?ority4 
,?is abid+ ideal ( duty seem$ to be !   
gov]n+ pr9ciple ( ,well+ton's "*4 ,x 0  
always upp]mo/ 9 8 m9d1 & direct$ all ! 
public actions ( 8 life4 ,nor did x fail
 to communicate itself to ^? "u him1 :o 
s]v$ him 9 ! l _s4 ,:5 he rode into "o (
 8 infantry squ>es at ,wat]loo1 z its   
dim9i%$ numb]s clos$ up to receive a    
*>ge ( ,fr5* cavalry1 he said to ! m51  
,/& /eady1 lads2 ?9k ( :at !y w say ( u 
9 ,engl&2 to :i* ! m5 repli$1 ,nev] fe>1
 sir--we "k our duty4  ,duty 0 also !   
dom9ant idea 9 ,nelson's m9d4 ,! _s 9   
:i* he s]v$ 8 c\ntry 0 express$ 9 !     
fam\s wat*word1 ,engl& expects e man to 

d 8 duty1 signall$ by him to ! fleet    
be=e go+ into action at ,trafalg>1 z    
well z 9 ! la/ words t pass$ 8 lips1--,i
 h done my duty2 ,i praise ,god = x6  ,&
 ,nelson's companion & fri5d--! brave1  
s5sible1 homely-m9d$ ,coll+wood--he :o1 
z 8 %ip bore d[n into ! great sea-fight1
 said to 8 flag-capta91 ,j ab\t ?is "t  
our wives are go+ to *ur* 9             
,engl&1--,coll+wood too 01 l 8 comm&]1  
an ard5t devotee ( duty4 ,d y\r duty to 
! be/ ( y\r ability1 0 ! maxim :i* he   
urg$ ^u _m "y m5 />t+ on ! voyage (     
life4 ,to a mid%ipman he once gave !    
foll[+ manly & s5sible advice3- ,y may  
dep5d ^u x1 t x is m 9 y\r own p[] ?an 9
 anybody else's to promote bo? y\r com=t
 & advancem5t4 ,a /rict & unwe>i$       
att5tion to y\r duty1 & a complac5t &   
respectful behavi\r1 n only to y\r      
sup]iors b to ev]ybody1 w ensure y _!   
reg>d1 & ! rew>d w surely come2 b if x  
%\ld n1 ,i am conv9c$ y h too mu* good  
s5se to let disappo9tm5t s\r y4 ,gu>d   
c>efully aga9/ lett+ discont5t appe> 9  

y4 ,x w be sorr[ to y\r fri5ds1 a       
triumph to y\r competitors1 & _c be     
productive ( any good4 ,conduct y\rself 
s z to des]ve ! be/ t c come to y1 & !  
consci\sness ( y\r own prop] behavi\r w 
keep y 9 spirits if x %\ld n come4 ,let 
x be y\r ambition to be =emo/ 9 all     
duty4 ,d n be a nice obs]v] ( turns1 b  
ev] pres5t y\rself ready = ev]y?+1 &1   
unless y\r (fic]s are v inatt5tive m51  
!y w n all[ o!rs to impose m duty on y  
?an !y %\ld4  ,?is devotion to duty is  
said to be peculi> to ! ,engli% nation2 
& x has c]ta9ly m or less *>act]is$ our 
greate/ public m54 ,probably no comm&] (
 any o!r nation ev] w5t into action )   
su* a signal fly+ z ,nelson at          
,trafalg>--n ,glory1 or ,victory1 or    
,hon\r1 or ,c\ntry--b simply ,duty6 ,h[ 
few are ! nations will+ to rally to su* 
a battle-cry6  ,%ortly aft] ! wreck ( ! 
,,birk5head (f ! coa/ ( ,africa1 9 :i* !
 (fic]s & m5 w5t d[n fir+ a             
,,feu-,,de-,,joie aft] see+ ! wom5 &    
*ildr5 safely emb>k$ 9 !                

boats1--,rob]tson ( ,brighton1 ref]r+ to
 ! circum/ance 9 "o ( 8 lett]s1 said3   
,yes6 ,goodness1 ,duty1 ,sacrifice1--^! 
are ! qualities t ,engl& hon\rs4 ,%e    
gapes & wond]s e n[ & !n1 l an awkw>d   
peasant1 at "s o!r ?+s--railway k+s1    
electro-biology1 & o!r trump]ies2 b no?+
 /irs h] gr& old he>t d[n to its c5tral 
deeps univ]sally & long1 except ! ,"r4  
,%e puts on h] %awl v badly1 & %e is    
awkw>d en\gh 9 a conc]t-room1 sc>ce kn[+
 a ,sw$i% night+ale f a jackdaw2        
b--bless+s l>ge & long ^u h]6--%e kn[s  
h[ to tea* h] sons to s9k l m5 amid/    
%>ks & bill[s1 )\t p>ade1 )\t display1 z
 if ,duty 7 ! mo/ natural ?+ 9 ! _w2 &  
%e nev] mi/akes long an actor = a h]o1  
or a h]o = an actor4 #aff  ,x is a gr&  
?+1 aft] all1 ?is p]vad+ _s ( ,duty 9 a 
nation2 & s long z x survives1 no "o ne$
 despair ( its future4 ,b :5 x has      
dep>t$1 or become dead5$1 & be5         
supplant$ by ?ir/ = pleasure1 or selfi% 
aggr&isem5t1 or glory--!n woe to t      
nation1 = its dissolution is ne> at h&6 

,if !re be "o po9t on :i* intellig5t    
obs]v]s are agre$ m ?an ano!r z to !    
cause ( ! late deplorable collapse (    
,france z a nation1 x 0 ! utt] abs5ce ( 
?is feel+ ( duty1 z well z (            
tru?fulness1 f ! m9d1 n only ( ! m51 b (
 ! lead]s ( ! ,fr5* p4 ,! unprejudic$   
te/imony ( ,b>on ,/(fel1 ,fr5* milit>y  
atta*e at ,b]l91 be=e ! w>1 is          
conclusive on ?is po9t4 ,9 8 private    
report to ! ,emp]or1 f\nd at !          
,tuil]ies1 :i* 0 writt5 9 ,augu/1 #ahfi1
 ab\t a ye> be=e ! outbreak ( ! w>1     
,b>on ,/(fel po9t$ out t !              
highly-educat$ & discipl9$ ,g]man p 7   
p]vad$ by an ard5t s5se ( duty1 & did n 
?9k x b5ea? !m to rev]5ce s9c]ely :at 0 
noble & l(ty2 :]eas1 9 all respects1    
,france pres5t$ a melan*oly contra/4    
,!re ! p1 hav+ sne]$ at ev]y?+1 _h lo/ !
 faculty ( respect+ any?+1 & virtue1    
family life1 patriotism1 hon\r1 &       
religion1 7 repres5t$ to a frivol\s     
g5]ation z only fitt+ subjects =        
ridicule4 #afg ,alas6 h[ t]ribly has    

,france be5 puni%$ = h] s9s aga9/ tru? &
 duty6  ,yet ! "t 01 :5 ,france possess$
 _m great m5 inspir$ by duty2 b !y 7 all
 m5 ( a comp>atively remote pa/4 ,! race
 ( ,bay>d1 ,duguescl91 ,coligny1        
,duquesne1 ,tur5ne1 ,colb]t1 & ,sully1  
seems to h di$ out & left no l9eage4    
,!re has be5 an occasional great        
,fr5*man ( mod]n times :o has rais$ !   
cry ( ,duty2 b 8 voice has be5 z t ( "o 
cry+ 9 ! wild]ness4 ,de ,tocqueville 0  
"o ( su*2 b1 l all m5 ( 8 /amp1 he 0    
proscrib$1 imprison$1 & driv5 f public  
life4 ,writ+ on "o occasion to 8 fri5d  
,k]gorlay1 he said3 ,l y1 ,i become m & 
m alive to ! happ9ess :i* consi/s 9 !   
fulfilm5t ( ,duty4 ,i believe !re is no 
o!r s deep & s real4 ,!re is only "o    
great object 9 ! _w :i* des]ves our     
ef=ts1 & t is ! good ( mank9d4 #afh     
,al?\gh ,france has be5 ! unquiet _s    
among ! nations ( ,europe s9ce ! reign (
 ,l\is ,,xiv41 !re h f "t to "t be5     
hone/ & fai?ful m5 :o h lift$ up _!     
voices aga9/ ! turbul5t w>like t5d5cies 

( ! p1 & n only prea*$1 b endeav\r$ to  
c>ry into practice1 a gospel ( peace4 ,(
 ^!1 ! ,abbe de ,/4-,pi]re 0 "o ( ! mo/ 
c\rage\s4 ,he _h ev5 ! boldness to      
d5\nce ! w>s ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 & to d5y t 
mon>*'s "r to ! epi!t ( ',great1' = :i* 
he 0 puni%$ by expulsion f ! ,academy4  
,! ,abbe 0 z en?usia/ic an agitator = a 
sy/em ( int]national peace z any memb] (
 ! mod]n ,society ( ,fri5ds4 ,z ,joseph 
,/urge w5t to ,/4 ,pet]sburg to conv]t !
 ,emp]or ( ,russia to 8 views1 s ! ,abbe
 w5t to ,utre*t to conv]t ! ,conf]5ce   
sitt+ !re1 to 8 project = a ,diet2 to   
secure p]petual peace4 ,( c\rse he 0    
reg>d$ z an en?usia/1 ,c>d9al ,dubois   
*>act]is+ 8 s*eme z ! dream ( an hone/  
man4 ,yet ! ,abbe _h f\nd 8 dream 9 !   
,gospel2 & 9 :at bett] way c\ld he      
exemplify ! _s ( ! ,ma/] he s]v$ ?an by 
endeav\r+ to abate ! horrors &          
abom9ations ( w>8 ,! ,conf]5ce 0 an     
assemblage ( m5 repres5t+ ,*ri/ian      
,/ates3 & ! ,abbe m]ely call$ ^u !m to  
put 9 practice ! doctr9es !y pr(ess$ to 

believe4 ,x 0 ( no use3 ! pot5tates & _!
 repres5tatives turn$ to him a deaf e>4 
,! ,abbe de ,/4-,pi]re liv$ sev]al      
hundr$ ye>s too soon4 ,b he det]m9$ t 8 
idea %\ld n be lo/1 & 9 #agac he publi%$
 8 ',project ( ,p]petual ,peace4' ,he   
!re propos$ ! =mation ( a ,european     
,diet1 or ,s5ate1 to be compos$ (       
repres5tatives ( all nations1 be=e :i*  
pr9ces %\ld be b\nd1 be=e resort+ to    
arms1 to /ate _! grievances & require   
r$ress4 ,writ+ ab\t eighty ye>s aft] !  
publication ( ?is project1 ,volney ask$3
 ,:at is a p8--an individual ( ! society
 at l>ge4 ,:at a w>8--a duel betwe5 two 
individual p4 ,9 :at mann] ought a      
society to act :5 two ( its memb]s      
fight8--,int]f]e1 & reconcile or repress
 !m4 ,9 ! days ( ! ,abbe de ,/4-,pi]re1 
?is 0 treat$ z a dream2 b1 happily = !  
human race1 x beg9s to be realis$4 ,alas
 = ! pr$iction ( ,volney6 ,! tw5ty-five 
ye>s t foll[$ ! date at :i* ?is passage 
0 writt51 7 di/+ui%$ by m deva/at+ &    
furi\s w>s on ! "p ( ,france ?an _h ev] 

be5 kn[n 9 ! _w be=e4  ,! ,abbe 0 n1    
h[ev]1 a m]e dream]4 ,he 0 an active    
practical philan?ropi/ & anticipat$ _m  
social improvem5ts :i* h s9ce become    
g5]ally adopt$4 ,he 0 ! orig9al f\nd] ( 
indu/rial s*ools = poor *ildr51 :]e !y n
 only receiv$ a good education1 b le>n$ 
"s useful trade1 by :i* !y might e>n an 
hone/ liv+ :5 !y grew up to manhood4 ,he
 advocat$ ! revision & simplification ( 
! :ole code ( laws--an idea aft]w>ds    
c>ri$ out by ! ,fir/ ,napoleon4 ,he     
wrote aga9/ duell+1 aga9/ luxury1 aga9/ 
gambl+1 aga9/ mona/icism1 quot+ ! rem>k 
( ,segrais1 t ! mania = a mona/ic life  
is ! smallpox ( ! m9d4 ,he sp5t 8 :ole  
income 9 acts ( *>ity--n 9 almsgiv+1 b 9
 help+ poor *ildr51 & poor m5 & wom51 to
 help !mselves4 ,8 object always 0 to   
b5efit p]man5tly ^? :om he assi/$4 ,he  
cont9u$ 8 love ( tru? & 8 fre$om ( spee*
 to ! la/4 ,at ! age ( eighty he said3  
,if life is a lott]y = happ9ess1 my lot 
has be5 "o ( ! be/4 ,:5 on 8 dea?b$1    
,voltaire ask$ him h[ he felt1 to :i* he

 answ]$1 ,z ab\t to make a j\rney into !
 c\ntry4 ,& 9 ?is peaceful frame ( m9d  
he di$4 ,b s outspok5 _h ,/4-,pi]re be5 
aga9/ corruption 9 high places1 t       
,maup]tius1 8 ,successor at ! ,academy1 
0 n p]mitt$ to pron\nce 8 ,,eloge2 nor 0
 x until ?irty-two ye>s aft] 8 dea? t   
?is hon\r 0 done to 8 memory by         
,d',alemb]t4 ,! true & emphatic epitaph 
( ! good1 tru?-lov+1 tru?-speak+ ,abbe 0
 ?is--,,he ,,lov$ ,,mu*6  ,duty is      
closely alli$ to tru?fulness ( "*2 & !  
dutiful man is1 above all ?+s1 tru?ful 9
 8 words z 9 8 actions4 ,he says & he   
does ! "r ?+1 9 ! "r way1 & at ! "r "t4 
,!re is probably no say+ ( ,"l          
,*e/]field t comm5ds itself m /rongly to
 ! approval ( manly-m9d$ m51 ?an t x is 
tru? t makes ! success ( ! g5tleman4    
,cl>5don1 speak+ ( "o ( ! noble/ & pure/
 g5tlem5 ( 8 age1 says ( ,falkl&1 t he 0
 s sev]e an ador] ( tru? t he c\ld z    
easily h giv5 himself leave to /eal z to
 dissemble4  ,x 0 "o ( ! f9e/ ?+s t     
,mrs4 ,hut*9son c\ld say ( h] husb&1 t  

he 0 a ?or\ghly tru?ful & reliable man3 
,he nev] pr(ess$ ! ?+ he int5d$ n1 nor  
promis$ :at he believ$ out ( 8 p[]1 nor 
fail$ 9 ! p]=mance ( any?+ t 0 9 8 p[]  
to fulfil4  ,well+ton 0 a sev]e admir] (
 tru?4 ,an illu/ration may be giv54 ,:5 
afflict$ by deafness he consult$ a      
celebrat$ auri/1 :o1 aft] try+ all      
rem$ies 9 va91 det]m9$1 z a la/ res\rce1
 to inject into ! e> a /rong solution ( 
cau/ic4 ,x caus$ ! mo/ int5se pa91 b !  
pati5t bore x ) 8 usual equanimity4 ,!  
family physician accid5tally call+ "o   
day1 f\nd ! ,duke ) flu%$ *eeks &       
blood%ot eyes1 & :5 he rose he /agg]$   
ab\t l a drunk5 man4 ,! doctor ask$ to  
be p]mitt$ to look at 8 e>1 & !n he f\nd
 t a furi\s inflammation 0 go+ on1 :i*1 
if n imm$iately *eck$1 mu/ %ortly rea* !
 bra9 & kill him4 ,vigor\s rem$ies 7 at 
once appli$1 & ! inflammation 0 *eck$4  
,b ! he>+ ( t e> 0 completely de/roy$4  
,:5 ! auri/ he>d ( ! dang] 8 pati5t _h  
run1 ?r\gh ! viol5ce ( ! rem$y he _h    
employ$1 he ha/5$ to ,apsley ,h\se to   

express 8 grief & mortification2 b !    
,duke m]ely said3 ,d n say a ^w m ab\t  
x--y did all = ! be/4 ,! auri/ said x   
w\ld be 8 ru9 :5 x became kn[n t he _h  
be5 ! cause ( s mu* suff]+ & dang] to 8 
,grace4 ,b nobody ne$ "k any?+ ab\t x3  
keep y\r own c\nsel1 &1 dep5d ^u x1 ,i  
won't say a ^w to any "o4 ,!n y\r ,grace
 w all[ me to att5d y z usual1 :i* w %[ 
! public t y h n )drawn y\r confid5ce f 
me8 ,no1 repli$ ! ,duke1 k9dly b firmly2
 ,i c't d t1 = t w\ld be a lie4 ,he w\ld
 n act a falsehood any m ?an he w\ld    
speak "o4 #afi  ,ano!r illu/ration (    
duty & tru?fulness1 z exhibit$ 9 !      
fulfilm5t ( a promise1 may be add$ f !  
life ( ,blu*]4 ,:5 he 0 ha/5+ ) 8 army  
ov] bad roads to ! help ( ,well+ton1 on 
! #ah? ( ,june1 #ahae1 he enc\rag$ 8    
troops by words & ge/ures4 ,=w>ds1      
*ildr5--=w>ds6 ,x is impossible2 x c't  
be done1 0 ! answ]4 ,aga9 & aga9 he urg$
 !m4 ,*ildr51 we mu/ get on2 y may say x
 c't be done1 b x ,,mu/ be done6 ,i h   
promis$ my bro!r ,well+ton--,,promis$1 d

 y he>8 ,y w\ldn't h me ,,break ,,my    
,,^w6 ,& x 0 done4  ,tru? is ! v bond ( 
society1 )\t :i* x mu/ cease to exi/1 & 
dissolve into an>*y & *aos4 ,a h\sehold 
_c be gov]n$ by ly+2 nor c a nation4    
,sir ,?omas ,br[ne once ask$1 ,d !      
devils lie8 ,no1 0 8 answ]2 = !n ev5    
hell c\ld n subsi/4 ,no consid]ations c 
ju/ify ! sacrifice ( tru?1 :i* ought to 
be sov]eign 9 all ! relations ( life4   
,( all mean vices1 p]haps ly+ is !      
meane/4 ,x is 9 "s cases ! (fspr+ (     
p]v]sity & vice1 & 9 _m o!rs ( %e] moral
 c[>dice4 ,yet _m p]sons ?9k s lightly (
 x t !y w ord] _! s]vants to lie = !m2  
nor c !y feel surpris$ if1 aft] su*     
ignoble in/ruction1 !y f9d _! s]vants   
ly+ = !mselves4  ,sir ,h>ry ,wotton's   
description ( an ambassador z an hone/  
man s5t to lie abroad = ! b5efit ( 8    
c\ntry1 ?\gh meant z a satire1 br\ght   
him into disfav\r ) ,james ,i4 :5 x     
became publi%$2 = an adv]s>y quot$ x z a
 pr9ciple ( ! k+'s religion4 ,t x 0 n   
,wotton's real view ( ! duty ( an hone/ 

man1 is obvi\s f ! l9es quot$ at ! head 
( ?is *apt]1 on ',! ,"* ( a ,happy      
,life1' 9 :i* he eulogises ! man        
,^: arm\r is 8 hone/ ?\ght1             
,& simple tru? 8 utmo/ skill4  ,b ly+   
assumes _m =ms--su* z diplomacy1        
exp$i5cy1 & moral res]vation2 &1 "u "o  
guise or ano!r1 x is f\nd m or less     
p]vad+ all classes ( society4 ,sometimes
 x assumes ! =m ( equivocation or moral 
dodg+--twi/+ & s /at+ ! ?+s said z to   
convey a false impression--a k9d ( ly+  
:i* a ,fr5*man once describ$ z walk+    
r\nd ab\t ! tru?4  ,!re are ev5 m5 (    
n>r[ m9ds & di%one/ natures1 :o pride   
!mselves ^u _! jesuitical clev]ness 9   
equivocation1 9 _! s]p5t-wise %irk+ ( ! 
tru? & gett+ out ( moral back-doors1 9  
ord] to hide _! real op9ions & evade !  
consequ5ces ( hold+ & op5ly pr(ess+ !m4 
,in/itutions or sy/ems bas$ ^u any su*  
exp$i5ts mu/ necess>ily prove false &   
holl[4 ,?\gh a lie be ev] s well dress$1
 says ,george ,h]b]t1 x is ev] ov]come4 
,d[nright ly+1 ?\gh bold] & m vici\s1 is

 ev5 less contemptible ?an su* k9d (    
%uffl+ & equivocation4  ,untru?fulness  
exhibits itself 9 _m o!r =ms3 9 retic5cy
 on ! "o h&1 or exagg]ation on ! o!r2 9 
disguise or concealm5t2 9 pret5d$       
concurr5ce 9 o!rs op9ions2 9 assum+ an  
attitude ( con=mity :i* is deceptive2 9 
mak+ promises1 or all[+ !m to be impli$1
 :i* are nev] int5d$ to be p]=m$2 or ev5
 9 refra9+ f speak+ ! tru? :5 to d s is 
a duty4 ,!re are also ^? :o are all ?+s 
to all m51 :o say "o ?+ & d ano!r1 l    
,bunyan's ,mr4 ,fac+-bo?-ways2 only     
deceiv+ !mselves :5 !y ?9k !y are       
deceiv+ o!rs--& :o1 be+ ess5tially      
ins9c]e1 fail to evoke confid5ce1 &     
inv>iably 9 ! end turn out failures1 if 
n impo/ors4  ,o!rs are untru?ful 9 _!   
pret5ti\sness1 & 9 assum+ m]its :i* !y d
 n really possess4 ,! tru?ful man is1 on
 ! contr>y1 mode/1 & makes no p>ade (   
himself & 8 de$s4 ,:5 ,pitt 0 9 8 la/   
illness1 ! news rea*$ ,engl& ( ! great  
de$s ( ,well+ton 9 ,india4 ,! m ,i he> (
 8 exploits1 said ,pitt1 ! m ,i admire !

 mode/y ) :i* he receives ! praises he  
m]its = !m4 ,he is ! only man ,i ev]    
knew t 0 n va9 ( :at he _h done1 & yet  
_h s mu* reason to be s4  ,s x is said (
 ,f>aday by ,pr(essor ,tyndall1 t       
pret5ce ( all k9ds1 :e!r 9 life or 9    
philosophy1 0 hateful to him4 ,dr4      
,m>%all ,hall 0 a man ( l _s--c\rage\sly
 tru?ful1 dutiful1 & manly4 ,"o ( 8 mo/ 
intimate fri5ds has said ( him t1 :]ev] 
he met ) untru?fulness or s9i/] motive1 
he w\ld expose x1 say+--,i nei!r w1 nor 
c1 give my cons5t to a lie4 ,! "q1 "r or
 wrong1 once decid$ 9 8 own m9d1 ! "r 0 
foll[$1 no matt] :at ! sacrifice or !   
difficulty--nei!r exp$i5cy nor          
incl9ation weigh+ "o jot 9 ! balance4   
,!re 0 no virtue t ,dr4 ,arnold lab\r$ m
 s$ul\sly to in/il into "y m5 ?an !     
virtue ( tru?fulness1 z be+ ! manlie/ ( 
virtues1 z inde$ ! v basis ( all true   
manl9ess4 ,he designat$ tru?fulness z   
moral transp>5cy1 & he valu$ x m highly 
?an any o!r quality4 ,:5 ly+ 0 detect$1 
he treat$ x z a great moral (f5ce2 b :5 

a pupil made an ass]tion1 he accept$ x )
 confid5ce4 ,if y say s1 t is q en\gh2  
,,( ,,c\rse ,i believe y\r ^w4 ,by ?us  
tru/+ & believ+ !m1 he educat$ ! "y 9   
tru?fulness2 ! boys at l5g? com+ to say 
to "o ano!r3 ,x's a %ame to tell ,arnold
 a lie--he always believes "o4 #afaj    
,"o ( ! mo/ /rik+ in/ances t c\ld be    
giv5 ( ! "* ( ! dutiful1 tru?ful1       
labori\s man1 is pres5t$ 9 ! life ( !   
late ,george ,wilson1 ,pr(essor (       
,te*nology 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ed9burgh4  
#afaa ,?\gh we br+ ?is illu/ration "u ! 
head ( ,duty1 x might equally h /ood "u 
t ( ,c\rage1 ,*e]fulness1 or ,indu/ry1 =
 x is alike illu/rative ( ^! sev]al     
qualities4  ,wilson's life 01 inde$1 a  
m>vel ( *e]ful labori\sness2 exhibit+ ! 
p[] ( ! s\l to triumph ov] ! body1 &    
almo/ to set x at defiance4 ,x might be 
tak5 z an illu/ration ( ! say+ ( !      
:al+-capta9 to ,dr4 ,kane1 z to ! p[] ( 
moral =ce ov] physical3 ,bless y1 sir1 !
 s\l w any day lift ! body out ( its    
boots6  ,a fragile b bright & lively    

boy1 he _h sc>cely ent]$ manhood ere 8  
con/itution began to exhibit signs (    
disease4 ,z e>ly1 inde$1 z 8 sev5te5?   
ye>1 he began to compla9 ( melan*oly &  
sleeplessness1 suppos$ to be ! effects (
 bile4 ,i don't ?9k ,i %all live long1  
he !n said to a fri5d2 my m9d w--mu/ "w 
itself out1 & ! body w soon foll[ x4 ,a 
/range confession = a boy to make6 ,b he
 gave 8 physical heal? no fair *ance4 ,8
 life 0 all bra9-"w1 /udy1 &            
competition4 ,:5 he took ex]cise x 0 9  
sudd5 bur/s1 :i* did him m h>m ?an good4
 ,long walks 9 ! ,highl&s jad$ & exhau/$
 him2 & he return$ to 8 bra9-"w unre/$ &
 unrefre%$4  ,x 0 dur+ "o ( 8 =c$ walks 
( "s tw5ty-f\r miles 9 ! neighb\rhood ( 
,/irl+1 t he injur$ "o ( 8 feet1 & he   
return$ home s]i\sly ill4 ,! result 0 an
 abscess1 disease ( ! ankle-jo9t1 & long
 agony1 :i* end$ 9 ! amputation ( ! "r  
foot4 ,b he nev] relax$ 9 8 lab\rs4 ,he 
0 n[ writ+1 lectur+1 & tea*+ *emi/ry4   
,rheumatism & acute inflammation ( ! eye
 next attack$ him2 & 7 treat$ by cupp+1 

blisetr+1 & col*icum4 ,unable himself to
 write1 he w5t on prep>+ 8 lectures1 :i*
 he dictat$ to 8 si/]4 ,pa9 haunt$ him  
day & night1 & sleep 0 only =c$ by      
morphia4 ,:ile 9 ?is /ate ( g5]al       
pro/ration1 symptoms ( pulmon>y disease 
began to %[ !mselves4 ,yet he cont9u$ to
 give ! weekly lectures to :i* he /ood  
committ$ to ! ,ed9burgh ,s*ool ( ,arts4 
,n "o 0 %irk$1 ?\gh _! deliv]y1 be=e a  
l>ge audi5ce1 0 a mo/ exhau/+ duty4     
,well1 !re's ano!r nail put into my     
c(f91 0 ! rem>k made on ?r[+ (f 8       
top-coat on return+ home2 & a sleepless 
night almo/ inv>iably foll[$4  ,at      
tw5ty-sev51 ,wilson 0 lectur+ t51 elev51
 or m h\rs weekly1 usually ) setons or  
op5 bli/]-w\nds ^u him--8 bosom fri5ds1 
he us$ to call !m4 ,he felt ! %ad[ (    
dea? ^u him2 & he work$ z if 8 days 7   
numb]$4 ,don't be surpris$1 he wrote to 
a fri5d1 if any morn+ at breakfa/ y he> 
t ,i am gone4 ,b :ile he said s1 he did 
n 9 ! lea/ degree indulge 9 ! feel+ (   
sickly s5tim5tality4 ,he work$ on z     

*e]fully & hopefully z if 9 ! v fulness 
( 8 /r5g?4 ,to none1 said he1 is life s 
sweet z to ^? :o h lo/ all fe> to die4  
,sometimes he 0 compell$ to desi/ f 8   
lab\rs by %e] debility1 occasion$ by    
loss ( blood f ! lungs2 b aft] a few    
weeks' re/ & *ange ( air1 he w\ld return
 to 8 "w1 say+1 ,! wat] is ris+ 9 ! well
 aga96 ,?\gh disease _h fa/5$ on 8      
lungs1 & 0 spread+ !re1 & ?\gh suff]+ f 
a di/ress+ c\gh1 he w5t on lectur+ z    
usual4 ,to add to 8 tr\bles1 :5 "o day  
endeav\r+ to recov] himself f a /umble  
occasion$ by 8 lam5ess1 he ov]/ra9$ 8   
arm1 & broke ! bone ne> ! %\ld]4 ,b he  
recov]$ f 8 successive accid5ts &       
illnesses 9 ! mo/ extraord9>y way4 ,!   
re$ b5t1 b did n break3 ! /orm pass$1 & 
x /ood erect z be=e4  ,!re 0 no worry1  
nor fev]1 nor fret ab\t him2 b in/ead1  
*e]fulness1 pati5ce1 & unfail+          
p]sev]ance4 ,8 m9d1 amid/ all 8 suff]+s1
 rema9$ p]fectly calm & s]5e4 ,he w5t   
ab\t 8 daily "w ) an app>5tly *>m$ life1
 z if he _h ! /r5g? ( _m m5 9 him4 ,yet 

all ! :ile he knew he 0 dy+1 8 *ief     
anxiety be+ to conceal 8 /ate f ^? ab\t 
him at home1 to :om ! k ( 8 actual      
condition w\ld h be5 inexpressibly      
di/ress+4 ,i am *e]ful among /rang]s1 he
 said1 & try to live day by day z a dy+ 
man4 #afab  ,he w5t on tea*+ z          
be=e--lectur+ to ! ,ar*itectural        
,in/itute & to ! ,s*ool ( ,arts4 ,"o    
day1 aft] a lecture be=e ! latt]        
in/itute1 he lay d[n to re/1 & 0 %ortly 
awak5$ by ! rupture ( a bloodvessel1 :i*
 occasion$ him ! loss ( a consid]able   
quantity ( blood4 ,he did n exp]i5ce !  
despair & agony t ,keats did on a l     
occasion2 #afac ?\gh he equally knew t !
 mess5g] ( dea? _h come1 & 0 wait+ =    
him4 ,he appe>$ at ! family meals z     
usual1 & next day he lectur$ twice1     
punctually fulfill+ 8 engagem5ts2 b !   
ex]tion ( speak+ 0 foll[$ by a second   
attack ( haemorrhage4 ,he n[ became     
s]i\sly ill1 & x 0 d\bt$ :e!r he w\ld   
survive ! night4 ,b he did survive2 &   
dur+ 8 convalesc5ce he 0 appo9t$ to an  

important public (fice--t ( ,director ( 
! ,scotti% ,indu/rial ,museum1 :i*      
involv$ a great am\nt ( lab\r1 z well z 
lectur+1 9 8 capacity ( ,pr(essor (     
,te*nology1 :i* he held 9 connection ) !
 (fice4  ,f ?is "t =w>d1 8 de> museum1 z
 he call$ x1 absorb$ all 8 surplus      
en]gies4 ,:ile busily occupi$ 9 collect+
 models & specim5s = ! museum1 he fill$ 
up 8 odds-&-ends ( "t 9 lectur+ to      
,ragg$ ,s*ools1 ,ragg$ ,kirks1 & ,m$ical
 ,mission>y ,societies4 ,he gave himself
 no re/1 ei!r ( m9d or body2 & to die   
work+ 0 ! fate he envi$4 ,8 m9d w\ld n  
give 91 b 8 poor body 0 =c$ to yield1 & 
a sev]e attack ( haemorrhage--ble$+ f   
bo? lungs & /oma* #afad--;compell$ him  
to relax 9 8 lab\rs4 ,= a mon?1 or "s   
=ty days1 he wrote--a dreadful ,l5t--!  
m9d has bl[n geographically f ',araby ! 
ble/1' b !rmometrically f ,icel& !      
accurs$4 ,i h be5 made a prison] ( w>1  
hit by an icicle 9 ! lungs1 & h %iv]$ & 
burn$ alt]nately = a l>ge portion ( !   
la/ mon?1 & spat blood till ,i grew pale

 ) c\gh+4 ,n[ ,i am bett]1 & to-morr[ ,i
 give my conclud+ lecture #afon         
,te*nology1 ?ankful t ,i h contriv$1    
not)/&+ all my tr\bles1 to c>ry on )\t  
miss+ a lecture to ! la/ day ( !        
,faculty ( ,arts1 to :i* ,i belong4     
#afae  ,h[ long 0 x to la/8 ,he himself 
began to wond]1 = he _h long felt 8 life
 z if ebb+ away4 ,at l5g? he became     
languid1 we>y1 & unfit = "w2 ev5 ! writ+
 ( a lett] co/ him a pa9ful ef=t1 &4 he 
felt z if to lie d[n & sleep 7 ! only   
?+s wor? do+4 ,yet %ortly aft]1 to help 
a ,sunday-s*ool1 he wrote 8 ',five      
,gateways ( ,k1' z a lecture1 & aft]w>ds
 exp&$ x into a book4 ,he also recov]$  
/r5g? suffici5t to enable him to proce$ 
) 8 lectures to ! in/itutions to :i* he 
belong$1 besides on v>i\s occasions     
und]tak+ to d o!r p's "w4 ,i am look$ ^u
 z good z mad1 he wrote to 8 bro!r1     
because1 on a ha/y notice1 ,i took a    
default+ lectur]'s place at !           
,philosophical ,in/itution1 & disc\rs$  
on ! ,pol>ization ( ,light4444 ,b ,i l  

"w3 x is a family weakness4  ,!n foll[$ 
*ronic malaise--sleepless nights1 days (
 pa91 & m spitt+ ( blood4 ,my only      
pa9less mom5ts1 he says1 7 :5 lectur+4  
,9 ?is /ate ( pro/ration & disease1 !   
indefatigable man und]took to write !   
',life ( ,edw>d ,=bes'2 & he did x1 l   
ev]y?+ he und]took1 ) admirable ability4
 ,he proce$$ ) 8 lectures z usual4 ,to  
an association ( tea*]s he deliv]$ a    
disc\rse on ! educational value (       
indu/rial sci5ce4 ,aft] he _h spok5 to 8
 audi5ce = an h\r1 he left !m to say    
:e!r he %\ld g on or n1 & !y *e]$ him on
 to ano!r half-h\r's address4 ,x is     
curi\s1 he wrote1 ! feel+ ( hav+ an     
audi5ce1 l clay 9 y\r h&s1 to m\ld = a  
season z y please4 ,x is a t]ribly      
responsible p[]4444 ,i d n mean = a     
mom5t to imply t ,i am indiff]5t to !   
good op9ion ( o!rs--f> o!rwise2 b to ga9
 ?is is mu* less a conc]n ) me ?an to   
des]ve x4 ,x 0 n s once4 ,i _h no wi% = 
unm]it$ praise1 b ,i 0 too ready to     
settle t ,i did m]it x4 ,n[1 ! ^w ,,duty

 seems to me ! bigge/ ^w 9 ! _w1 & is   
upp]mo/ 9 all my s]i\s do+s4  ,?is 0    
writt5 only ab\t f\r mon?s be=e 8 dea?4 
,a little lat] he wrote1 ,i sp9 my ?read
 ( life f week to week1 r ?an f ye> to  
ye>4 ,con/ant attacks ( ble$+ f ! lungs 
sapp$ 8 little rema9+ /r5g?1 b did n    
altoge!r disable him f lectur+4 ,he 0   
amus$ by "o ( 8 fri5ds propos+ to put   
him "u tru/ees = ! purpose ( look+ aft] 
8 heal?4 ,b he w\ld n be re/ra9$ f      
work+1 s long z a ve/ige ( /r5g? rema9$4
  ,"o day1 9 ! autumn ( #ahei1 he       
return$ f 8 cu/om>y lecture 9 !         
,univ]sity ( ,ed9burgh ) a sev]e pa9 9 8
 side4 ,he 0 sc>cely able to crawl      
up/airs4 ,m$ical aid 0 s5t =1 & he 0    
pron\nc$ to be suff]+ f pleurisy &      
inflammation ( ! lungs4 ,8 enfeebl$     
frame 0 ill able to resi/ s sev]e a     
disease1 & he sank peacefully to ! re/  
he s long$ =1 aft] a few days' illness3 
,wrong n ! dead ) te>s6           ,a    
glori\s bright to-morr[       ,ende? a  
we>y life ( pa9 & sorr[4  ,! life (     

,george ,wilson--s admirably &          
affectionately relat$ by 8 si/]--is     
probably "o ( ! mo/ m>vell\s records (  
pa9 & longsuff]+1 & yet ( p]si/5t1      
noble1 & useful "w1 t is to be f\nd 9 ! 
:ole hi/ory ( lit]ature4 ,8 entire c>e] 
0 inde$ b a prolong$ illu/ration ( !    
l9es :i* he himself address$ to 8       
deceas$ fri5d1 ,dr4 ,john ,reid1 a      
likem9d$ man1 ^: memoir he wrote3--     
,?\ w]t a daily lesson             ,(   
c\rage1 hope1 & fai?2           ,we     
wond]$ at !e liv+1             ,we envy 
!e ?y dea?4            ,?\ w]t s meek & 
rev]5t1             ,s resolute ( w1    
,s bold to be> ! utt]mo/1             ,&
 yet s calm & /ill4     ,,*apt]         
,,viii4--,,temp]4         ,temp] is     
n9e-t5?s ( ,*ri/ianity4--,,bi%op        
,,wilson4          ,heav5 is a temp]1 n 
a place4--,,dr4 ,,*alm]s4          ,&   
%\ld my y\?1 z y\? is apt ,i "k1        
,"s h>%ness %[2         ,all va9        
asp]ities ,i day by day                 
,w\ld we> away1         ,till ! smoo?   

temp] ( my age %\ld be         ,l ! high
 leaves ^u ! ,holly ,tree--,,s\!y4      
,ev5 ,p[] itself ha? n "o-half ! might (
 ,g5tl5ess                              
--,,leigh ,,hunt4   ,x has be5 said t m5
 succe$ 9 life q z mu* by _! temp] z by 
_! tal5ts4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 x is c]ta9
 t _! happ9ess 9 life dep5ds ma9ly ^u _!
 equanimity ( disposition1 _! pati5ce & 
=be>ance1 & _! k9dness & ?\ghtfulness = 
^? ab\t !m4 ,x is really true :at ,plato
 says1 t 9 seek+ ! good ( o!rs we f9d   
our own4  ,!re are "s natures s happily 
con/itut$ t !y c f9d good 9 ev]y?+4 ,!re
 is no calamity s great b !y c educe    
com=t or consolation f x--no sky s black
 b !y c discov] a gleam ( sun%9e issu+  
?r\gh x f "s qu>t] or ano!r2 & if ! sun 
be n visible to _! eyes1 !y at lea/     
com=t !mselves ) ! ?\ght t x ,,is !re1  
?\gh veil$ f !m = "s good & wise        
purpose4  ,su* happy natures are to be  
envi$4 ,!y h a beam 9 ! eye--a beam (   
pleasure1 gladness1 religi\s *e]fulness1
 philosophy1 call x :at y w4 ,sun%9e is 

ab\t _! he>ts1 & _! m9d gilds ) its own 
hues all t x looks ^u4 ,:5 !y h burd5s  
to be>1 !y be> !m *e]fully--n rep9+1 nor
 frett+1 nor wa/+ _! en]gies 9 useless  
lam5tation1 b /ruggl+ onw>d manfully1   
ga!r+ up su* fl[]s z lie along _! pa?4  
,let x n = a mom5t be suppos$ t m5 su* z
 ^? we speak ( are weak & unreflective4 
,! l>ge/ & mo/ compreh5sive natures are 
g5]ally also ! mo/ *e]ful1 ! mo/ lov+1 !
 mo/ hopeful1 ! mo/ tru/ful4 ,x is !    
wise man1 ( l>ge vision1 :o is ! quicke/
 to disc]n ! moral sun%9e gleam+ ?r\gh !
 d>ke/ cl\d4 ,9 pres5t evil he sees     
prospective good2 9 pa91 he recognises !
 ef=t ( nature to re/ore heal?2 9       
trials1 he f9ds correction & discipl9e2 
& 9 sorr[ & suff]+1 he ga!rs c\rage1 k1 
& ! be/ practical wisdom4  ,:5 ,j]emy   
,taylor _h lo/ all--:5 8 h\se _h be5    
plund]$1 & 8 family driv5 out-(-doors1 &
 all 8 worldly e/ate _h be5             
seque/rat$--he c\ld /ill write ?us3 ,i  
am fall5 into ! h&s ( publicans &       
seque/rators1 & !y h tak5 all f me2 :at 

n[8 ,let me look ab\t me4 ,!y h left me 
! sun & moon1 a lov+ wife1 & _m fri5ds  
to pity me1 & "s to relieve me2 & ,i c  
/ill disc\rse1 &1 unless ,i li/1 !y h n 
tak5 away my m]ry c\nt5ance & my *e]ful 
_s1 & a good consci5ce2 !y h /ill left  
me ! provid5ce ( ,god1 & all ! promises 
( ! ,gospel1 & my religion1 & my hopes (
 heav51 & my *>ity to !m1 too2 & /ill ,i
 sleep & dige/1 ,i eat & dr9k1 ,i read &
 m$itate4444 ,& he t ha? s _m causes (  
joy1 & s great1 is v mu* 9 love ) sorr[ 
& peevi%ness1 :o loves all ^! pleasures1
 & *ooses to sit d[n ^u 8 little h&ful (
 ?orns4 #aga  ,al?\gh *e]fulness (      
disposition is v mu* a matt] ( inborn   
temp]am5t1 x is also capable ( be+ tra9$
 & cultivat$ l any o!r habit4 ,we may   
make ! be/ ( life1 or we may make ! wor/
 ( x2 & x dep5ds v mu* ^u ourselves :e!r
 we extract joy or mis]y f x4 ,!re are  
always two sides ( life on :i* we c     
look1 accord+ z we *oose--! bright side 
or ! gloomy4 ,we c br+ ! p[] ( ! w to   
be> 9 mak+ ! *oice1 & ?us cultivate !   

habit ( be+ happy or ! rev]se4 ,we c    
enc\rage ! disposition ( look+ at !     
brighte/ side ( ?+s1 in/ead ( ! d>ke/4  
,& :ile we see ! cl\d1 let u n %ut our  
eyes to ! silv] l9+4  ,! beam 9 ! eye   
%$s brightness1 beauty1 & joy ^u life 9 
all its phases4 ,x %9es ^u coldness1 &  
w>ms x2 ^u suff]+1 & com=ts x2 ^u       
ignorance1 & enlight5s x2 ^u sorr[1 &   
*e]s x4 ,! beam 9 ! eye gives lu/re to  
intellect1 & bright5s beauty itself4    
,)\t x ! sun%9e ( life is n felt1 fl[]s 
bloom 9 va91 ! m>vels ( heav5 & e>? are 
n se5 or ackn[l$g$1 & creation is b a   
dre>y1 lifeless1 s\lless blank4  ,:ile  
*e]fulness ( disposition is a great     
s\rce ( enjoym5t 9 life1 x is also a    
great safegu>d ( "*4 ,a devotional writ]
 ( ! pres5t day1 9 answ] to ! "q1 ,h[   
are we to ov]come temptations8 says3    
,*e]fulness is ! fir/ ?+1 *e]fulness is 
! second1 & *e]fulness is ! ?ird4 ,x    
furni%es ! be/ soil = ! gr[? ( goodness 
& virtue4 ,x gives brightness ( he>t &  
ela/icity ( _s4 ,x is ! companion (     

*>ity1 ! nurse ( pati5ce ! "m ( wisdom4 
,x is also ! be/ ( moral & m5tal tonics4
 ,! be/ cordial ( all1 said ,dr4 ,m>%all
 ,hall to "o ( 8 pati5ts1 is *e]fulness4
 ,& ,solomon has said t a m]ry he>t doe?
 good l a m$ic9e4 ,:5 ,lu!r 0 once      
appli$ to = a rem$y aga9/ melan*oly1 8  
advice 03 ,gaiety & c\rage--innoc5t     
gaiety1 & rational hon\rable c\rage--are
 ! be/ m$ic9e = "y m51 & = old m51 too2 
= all m5 aga9/ sad ?\ghts4 #agb ,next to
 music1 if n be=e x1 ,lu!r lov$ *ildr5 &
 fl[]s4 ,! great gn>l$ man _h a he>t z  
t5d] z a woman's4  ,*e]fulness is also  
an excell5t we>+ quality4 ,x has be5    
call$ ! bright wea!r ( ! he>t4 ,x gives 
h>mony ( s\l1 & is a p]petual song )\t  
words4 ,x is tantam\nt to repose4 ,x    
enables nature to recruit its /r5g?2    
:]eas worry & discont5t debilitate x1   
involv+ con/ant we>-&-te>4 ,h[ is x t we
 see su* m5 z ,"l ,palm]/on gr[+ old 9  
h>ness1 work+ on vigor\sly to ! end8    
,ma9ly ?r\gh equanimity ( temp] &       
habitual *e]fulness4 ,!y h educat$      

!mselves 9 ! habit ( endurance1 ( n be+ 
easily provok$1 ( be>+ & =be>+1 ( he>+  
h>% & ev5 unju/ ?+s said ( !m )\t       
indulg+ 9 undue res5tm5t1 & avoid+      
worret+1 petty1 & self-torm5t+ c>es4 ,an
 intimate fri5d ( ,"l ,palm]/on1 :o     
obs]v$ him closely = tw5ty ye>s1 has    
said t he nev] saw him angry1 ) p]haps  
"o exception2 & t 0 :5 ! m9i/ry         
responsible = ! calamity 9 ,affghani/an1
 ( :i* he 0 "o1 7 unju/ly accus$ by _!  
oppon5ts ( falsehood1 p]jury1 & wilful  
mutilation ( public docum5ts4  ,s f> z c
 be le>nt f biography1 m5 ( ! greate/   
g5ius h be5 = ! mo/ "p *e]ful1 cont5t$  
m5--n eag] = reputation1 money1 or      
p[]--b reli%+ life1 & ke5ly susceptible 
( enjoym5t1 z we f9d reflect$ 9 _!      
works4 ,su* seem to h be5 ,hom]1        
,horace1 ,virgil1 ,montaigne1 ,%akspe>e1
 ,c]vantes4 ,heal?y s]5e *e]fulness is  
app>5t 9 _! great creations4 ,among !   
same class ( *e]ful-m9d$ m5 may also be 
m5tion$ ,lu!r1 ,m1 ,bacon1 ,leon>do da  
,v9ci1 ,raphael1 & ,mi*ael ,angelo4     

,p]haps !y 7 happy because con/antly    
occupi$1 & 9 ! pleasante/ ( all "w--t ( 
creat+ out ( ! fulness & ri*ness ( _!   
great m9ds4  ,milton1 too1 ?\gh a man ( 
_m trials & suff]+s1 mu/ h be5 a man (  
great *e]fulness & ela/icity ( nature4  
,?\gh ov]tak5 by bl9dness1 des]t$ by    
fri5ds1 & fall5 ^u evil days--d>kness   
be=e & dang]'s voice beh9d--yet did he n
 bate he>t or hope1 b /ill bore up &    
/e]$ "r onw>d4  ,h5ry ,field+ 0 a man   
borne d[n ?r\gh life by debt1 &         
difficulty1 & bodily suff]+2 & yet ,lady
 ,m>y ,wortley ,montague has said ( him 
t1 by virtue ( 8 *e]ful disposition1 %e 
0 p]suad$ he _h kn[n m happy mom5ts ?an 
any p]son on e>?4  ,dr4 ,johnson1 ?r\gh 
all 8 trials & suff]+s & h>d fights )   
=tune1 0 a c\rage\s & *e]ful-natur$ man4
 ,he manfully made ! be/ ( life1 & tri$ 
to be glad 9 x4 ,once1 :5 a cl]gyman 0  
compla9+ ( ! dulness ( society 9 !      
c\ntry1 say+ !y only talk ( runts #ag"y 
c[s1 ,johnson felt flatt]$ by !         
obs]vation ( ,mrs4 ,?rale's "m1 :o said1

 ,sir1 ,dr4 ,johnson w\ld le>n to talk (
 runts--mean+ t he 0 a man :o w\ld make 
! mo/ ( 8 situation1 :atev] x 04        
,johnson 0 ( op9ion t a man grew bett] z
 he grew old]1 & t 8 nature mell[$ )    
age4 ,?is is c]ta9ly a mu* m *e]ful view
 ( human nature ?an t ( ,"l ,*e/]field1 
:o saw life ?r\gh ! eyes ( a cynic1 &   
held t ! he>t nev] gr[s bett] by age3 x 
only gr[s h>d]4 ,b bo? say+s may be true
 accord+ to ! po9t f :i* life is view$1 
& ! temp] by :i* a man is gov]n$2 = :ile
 ! good1 pr(it+ by exp]i5ce1 & discipl9+
 !mselves by self-control1 w gr[ bett]1 
! ill-condition$1 un9flu5c$ by exp]i5ce1
 w only gr[ worse4  ,sir ,walt] ,scott 0
 a man full ( ! milk ( human k9dness4   
,ev]ybody lov$ him4 ,he 0 nev] five     
m9utes 9 a room ere ! little pets ( !   
family1 :e!r dumb or lisp+1 _h f\nd out 
8 k9dness = all _! g5]ation4 ,scott     
relat$ to ,capta9 ,basil ,hall an       
incid5t ( 8 boyhood :i* %[$ ! t5d]ness (
 8 nature4 ,"o day1 a dog com+ t[>ds    
him1 he took up a big /one1 ?rew x1 &   

hit ! dog4 ,! poor creature _h /r5g?    
en\gh left to crawl up to him & lick 8  
feet1 al?\gh he saw its leg 0 brok54 ,! 
incid5t1 he said1 _h giv5 him ! bitt]e/ 
remorse 9 8 aft]-life2 b he add$1 ,an   
e>ly circum/ance ( t k9d1 prop]ly       
reflect$ on1 is calculat$ to h ! be/    
effect on "o's "* ?r\gh\t life4  ,give  
me an hone/ laugh]1 ,scott w\ld say2 &  
he himself laugh$ ! he>t's laugh4 ,he _h
 a k9d ^w = ev]ybody1 & 8 k9dness act$  
all r\nd him l a contagion1 dispell+ !  
res]ve & awe :i* 8 great "n 0 calculat$ 
to inspire4 ,he'll come "h1 said ! keep]
 ( ! ru9s ( ,melrose ,abbey to ,wa%+ton 
,irv+--he'll come "h "s-times1 wi' great
 folks 9 8 company1 & ! fir/ ,i'll "k ( 
x is he>+ 8 voice call+ out1 ',johnny6  
,johnny ,b[]6' ,& :5 ,i g out ,i'm sure 
to be greet$ wi' a joke or a pleasant   
^w4 ,he'll /& & crack & laugh wi' me1 j 
l an auld wife2 & to ?9k t ( a man t has
 ,,su* ,,an ,,awfu' ,,k ,o' ,,hi/ory6   
,dr4 ,arnold 0 a man ( ! same he>ty     
cordiality ( mann]--full ( human        

sympa?y4 ,!re 0 n a p>ticle (           
affectation or pret5ce ( condesc5sion   
ab\t him4 ,i nev] knew su* a humble man 
z ! doctor1 said ! p>i% cl]k at         
,laleham2 he comes & %akes u by ! h& z  
if he 0 "o ( u4 ,he us$ to come into my 
h\se1 said an old woman ne> ,fox ,h[1 & 
talk to me z if ,i 7 a lady4  ,sydney   
,smi? 0 ano!r illu/ration ( ! p[] (     
*e]fulness4 ,he 0 ev] ready to look on !
 bright side ( ?+s2 ! d>ke/ cl\d _h to  
him its silv] l9+4 ,:e!r work+ z c\ntry 
curate1 or z p>i% rector1 he 0 always   
k9d1 labori\s1 pati5t1 & exempl>y2      
exhibit+ 9 e sph]e ( life ! _s ( a      
,*ri/ian1 ! k9dness ( a pa/or1 & ! hon\r
 ( a g5tleman4 ,9 8 leisure he employ$ 8
 p5 on ! side ( ju/ice1 fre$om1         
education1 tol]ation1 emancipation2 & 8 
writ+s1 ?\gh full ( common-s5se & bright
 hum\r1 are nev] vulg>2 nor did he ev]  
p&] to popul>ity or prejudice4 ,8 good  
spirits1 ?anks to 8 natural vivacity &  
/am9a ( con/itution1 nev] =sook him2 & 9
 8 old age1 :5 borne d[n by disease1 he 

wrote to a fri5d3 ,i h g\t1 a/hma1 &    
sev5 o!r maladies1 b am o!rwise v well4 
,9 "o ( ! la/ lett]s he wrote to ,lady  
,c>lisle1 he said3 ,if y he> ( sixte5 or
 eighte5 p\nds ( fle% want+ an own]1 !y 
belong to me4 ,i look z if a curate _h  
be5 tak5 out ( me4  ,great m5 ( sci5ce h
 = ! mo/ "p be5 pati5t1 labori\s1       
*e]ful-m9d$ m54 ,su* 7 ,galileo1        
,desc>tes1 ,newton1 & ,laplace4 ,eul] ! 
ma!matician1 "o ( ! greate/ ( natural   
philosoph]s1 0 a di/+ui%$ in/ance4      
,t[>ds ! close ( 8 life he became       
completely bl9d2 b he w5t on writ+ z    
*e]fully z be=e1 supply+ ! want ( sight 
by v>i\s +5i\s me*anical devices1 & by !
 increas$ cultivation ( 8 memory1 :i*   
became exce$+ly t5aci\s4 ,8 *ief        
pleasure 0 9 ! society ( 8 gr&*ildr51 to
 :om he taught _! little lessons 9 !    
int]vals ( 8 sev]] /udies4  ,9 l mann]1 
,pr(essor ,robison ( ,ed9burgh1 ! fir/  
editor ( ! ',encyclopa$ia ,britannica1' 
:5 disabl$ f "w by a l+]+ & pa9ful      
disord]1 f\nd 8 *ief pleasure 9 !       

society ( 8 gr&*ild4 ,i am inf9itely    
delight$1 he wrote to ,james ,watt1 )   
obs]v+ ! gr[? ( its little s\l1 &       
p>ticul>ly ) its numb]less in/9cts1 :i* 
=m]ly pass$ unhe$$4 ,i ?ank ! ,fr5*     
!ori/s = m =cibly direct+ my att5tion to
 ! f+] ( ,god1 :i* ,i disc]n 9 e awkw>d 
movem5t & e wayw>d :im4 ,!y are all     
gu>dians ( 8 life & gr[? & p[]4 ,i      
regret inde$ t ,i h n "t to make infancy
 & ! developm5t ( its p[]s my sole /udy4
  ,"o ( ! sore/ trials ( a man's temp] &
 pati5ce 0 t :i* befell ,abauzit1 !     
natural philosoph]1 :ile resid+ at      
,g5eva2 resembl+ 9 _m respects a simil> 
calamity :i* occurr$ to ,newton1 & :i*  
he bore ) equal resignation4 ,among/ o!r
 ?+s1 ,abauzit devot$ mu* /udy to !     
b>omet] & its v>iations1 ) ! object (   
d$uc+ ! g5]al laws :i* regulat$         
atmosph]ic pressure4 ,dur+ tw5ty-sev5   
ye>s he made num]\s obs]vations daily1  
record+ !m on %eets prep>$ = ! purpose4 
,"o day1 :5 a new s]vant 0 in/all$ 9 !  
h\se1 %e imm$iately proce$$ to display  

h] zeal by putt+ ?+s to-rights4         
,abauzit's /udy1 among/ o!r rooms1 0    
made tidy & set 9 ord]4 ,:5 he ent]$ x1 
he ask$ ( ! s]vant1 ,:at h y done ) !   
pap] t 0 r\nd ! b>omet]8 ,oh1 sir1 0 !  
reply1 x 0 s dirty t ,i burnt x1 & put 9
 its place ?is pap]1 :i* y w see is q   
new4 ,abauzit cross$ 8 arms1 & aft] "s  
mom5ts ( int]nal /ruggle1 he said1 9 a  
tone ( calmness & resignation3 ,y h     
de/roy$ ! results ( tw5ty-sev5 ye>s     
lab\r2 9 future t\* no?+ :atev] 9 ?is   
room4  ,! /udy ( natural hi/ory m ?an t 
( any o!r bran* ( sci5ce1 seems to be   
accompani$ by unusual *e]fulness &      
equanimity ( temp] on ! "p ( its        
vot>ies2 ! result ( :i* is1 t ! life (  
naturali/s is on ! :ole m prolong$ ?an t
 ( any o!r class ( m5 ( sci5ce4 ,a memb]
 ( ! ,l9naean ,society has in=m$ u t (  
f\rte5 memb]s :o di$ 9 #ahgj1 two 7 ov] 
n9ety1 five 7 ov] eighty1 & two 7 ov]   
sev5ty4 ,! av]age age ( all ! memb]s :o 
di$ 9 t ye> 0 sev5ty-five4  ,adanson1 ! 
,fr5* botani/1 0 ab\t sev5ty ye>s old :5

 ! ,revolution broke out1 & amid/ ! %ock
 he lo/ ev]y?+--8 =tune1 8 places1 & 8  
g>d5s4 ,b 8 pati5ce1 c\rage1 &          
resignation nev] =sook him4 ,he became  
r$uc$ to ! greate/ /raits1 & ev5 want$  
food & clo?+2 yet 8 ard\r ( inve/igation
 rema9$ ! same4 ,once1 :5 ! ,in/itute   
invit$ him1 z be+ "o ( its olde/ memb]s1
 to assi/ at a ,,seance1 8 answ] 0 t he 
regrett$ he c\ld n att5d = want ( %oes4 
,x 0 a t\*+ sight1 says ,cuvi]1 to see !
 poor old man1 b5t ov] ! emb]s ( a      
decay+ fire1 try+ to trace *>act]s ) a  
feeble h& on ! little bit ( pap] :i* he 
held1 =gett+ all ! pa9s ( life 9 "s new 
idea 9 natural hi/ory1 :i* came to him l
 "s b5efic5t fairy to *e] him 9 8       
lonel9ess4 ,! ,directory ev5tually gave 
him a small p5sion1 :i* ,napoleon d\bl$2
 & at l5g?1 easeful dea? came to 8      
relief 9 8 sev5ty-n9? ye>4 ,a clause 9 8
 w1 z to ! mann] ( 8 fun]al1 illu/rates 
! "* ( ! man4 ,he direct$ t a g>l& (    
fl[]s1 provid$ by fifty-eight families  
:om he _h e/abli%$ 9 life1 %\ld be !    

only decoration ( 8 c(f9--a slight b    
t\*+ image ( ! m durable monum5t :i* he 
_h erect$ = himself 9 8 works4  ,su* are
 only a few in/ances1 ( !               
*e]ful-work+-ness ( great m51 :i* might1
 inde$1 be multipli$ to any ext5t4 ,all 
l>ge heal?y natures are *e]ful z well z 
hopeful4 ,_! example is also contagi\s &
 diffusive1 bright5+ & *e]+ all :o come 
)9 rea* ( _! influ5ce4 ,x 0 said ( ,sir 
,john ,malcolm1 :5 he appe>$ 9 a sadd5$ 
camp 9 ,india1 t x 0 l a gleam (        
sunlight14444 no man left him )\t a     
smile on 8 face4 ,he 0 'boy ,malcolm'   
/ill4 ,x 0 impossible to resi/ !        
fasc9ation ( 8 g5ial pres5ce4 #agc  ,!re
 0 ! same joy\sness ( nature ab\t       
,edmund ,burke4 ,once at a d9n] at ,sir 
,jo%ua ,reynolds's1 :5 ! conv]sation    
turn$ ^u ! suitability ( liquors =      
p>ticul> temp]am5ts1 ,johnson said1     
,cl>et is = boys1 port = m51 & br&y =   
h]oes4 ,!n1 said ,burke1 let me h cl>et3
 ,i love to be a boy1 & to h ! c>eless  
gaiety ( boyi% days4 ,& s x is1 t !re   

are old "y m51 & "y old m5--"s :o are z 
joy\s & *e]ful z boys 9 _! old age1 &   
o!rs :o are z morose & *e]less z sadd5$ 
old m5 :ile /ill 9 _! boyhood4  ,9 !    
pres5ce ( "s priggi% y\?s1 we h he>d a  
*e]ful old man decl>e t1 app>5tly1 !re  
w\ld soon be no?+ b old boys left4      
,*e]fulness1 be+ g5]\s & g5ial1 joy\s & 
he>ty1 is nev] ! *>act]i/ic ( prigs4    
,goe! us$ to exclaim ( goody-goody      
p]sons1 ,oh6 if !y _h b ! he>t to commit
 an absurdity6 ,?is 0 :5 he ?\ght !y    
want$ he>t9ess & nature4 ,pretty dolls6 
0 8 expression :5 speak+ ( !m1 & turn+  
away4  ,! true basis ( *e]fulness is    
love1 hope1 & pati5ce4 ,love evokes     
love1 & begets lov+ k9dness4 ,love      
*]i%es hopeful & g5]\s ?\ghts ( o!rs4 ,x
 is *>itable1 g5tle1 & tru?ful4 ,x is a 
disc]n] ( good4 ,x turns to ! brighte/  
side ( ?+s1 & its face is ev] direct$   
t[>ds happ9ess4 ,x sees ! glory 9 !     
grass1 ! sun%9e on ! fl[]4 ,x enc\rages 
happy ?\ghts1 & lives 9 an atmosph]e (  
*e]fulness4 ,x co/s no?+1 & yet is      

invaluable2 = x blesses its possessor1 &
 gr[s up 9 abundant happ9ess 9 ! bosoms 
( o!rs4 ,ev5 its sorr[s are l9k$ )      
pleasures1 & its v te>s are sweet4      
,b5?am lays x d[n z a pr9ciple1 t a man 
becomes ri* 9 8 own /ock ( pleasures 9  
proportion to ! am\nt he di/ributes to  
o!rs4 ,8 k9dness w evoke k9dness1 & 8   
happ9ess be increas$ by 8 own b5evol5ce4
 ,k9d words1 he says1 co/ no m ?an unk9d
 ones4 ,k9d words produce k9d actions1 n
 only on ! "p ( him to :om !y are       
address$1 b on ! "p ( him by :om !y are 
employ$2 & ?is n incid5tally only1 b    
habitually1 9 virtue ( ! pr9ciple (     
association44444 ,x may inde$ happ51 t !
 ef=t ( b5efic5ce may n b5efit ^? = :om 
x 0 int5d$2 b :5 wisely direct$1 x ,,mu/
 b5efit ! p]son f :om x emanates4 ,good 
& fri5dly conduct may meet ) an unwor?y 
& ungrateful return2 b ! abs5ce (       
gratitude on ! "p ( ! receiv] _c de/roy 
! self-approbation :i* recomp5ses !     
giv]1 & we may scatt] ! se$s ( c\rtesy &
 k9dl9ess ar\nd u at s little exp5se4   

,"s ( !m w inevitably fall on good      
gr\nd1 & gr[ up into b5evol5ce 9 ! m9ds 
( o!rs2 & all ( !m w be> fruit (        
happ9ess 9 ! bosom :5ce !y spr+4 ,once  
ble/ are all ! virtues always2 twice    
ble/ sometimes4 #agd  ,! poet ,rog]s us$
 to tell a /ory ( a little girl1 a great
 fav\rite ) e "o :o knew h]4 ,"s "o said
 to h]1 ,:y does ev]ybody love y s mu*8 
,%e answ]$1 ,i ?9k x is because ,i love 
ev]ybody s mu*4 ,?is little /ory is     
capable ( a v wide application2 = our   
happ9ess z human be+s1 g5]ally speak+1 w
 be f\nd to be v mu* 9 proportion to !  
numb] ( ?+s we love1 & ! numb] ( ?+s t  
love u4 ,& ! greate/ worldly success1   
h[ev] hone/ly a*iev$1 w contribute      
comp>atively little to happ9ess1 unless 
x be accompani$ by a lively b5evol5ce   
t[>ds e human be+4  ,k9dness is inde$ a 
great p[] 9 ! _w4 ,leigh ,hunt has truly
 said t ,p[] itself ha? n "o half !     
might ( g5tl5ess4 ,m5 are always be/    
gov]n$ ?r\gh _! affections4 ,!re is a   
,fr5* prov]b :i* says t1 ,,les ,,hommes 

,,se ,,pr5n5t ,,p> ,,la ,,d\ceur1 & a   
co>s] ,engli% "o1 to ! effect t ,m wasps
 are caught by honey ?an by v9eg>4 ,e   
act ( k9dness1 says ,b5?am1 is 9 fact an
 ex]cise ( p[]1 & a /ock ( fri5d%ip laid
 up2 & :y %\ld n p[] ex]cise itself 9 ! 
production ( pleasure z ( pa98  ,k9dness
 does n consi/ 9 gifts1 b 9 g5tl5ess &  
g5]osity ( _s4 ,m5 may give _! money :i*
 comes f ! purse1 & )hold _! k9dness :i*
 comes f ! he>t4 ,! k9dness t displays  
itself 9 giv+ money1 does n am\nt to    
mu*1 & (t5 does q z mu* h>m z good2 b ! 
k9dness ( true sympa?y1 ( ?\ghtful help1
 is nev] )\t b5efic5t results4  ,! good 
temp] t displays itself 9 k9dness mu/ n 
be conf\nd$ ) s(tness or sill9ess4 ,9   
its be/ =m1 x is n a m]ely passive b an 
active condition ( be+4 ,x is n by any  
means indiff]5t1 b l>gely sympa!tic4 ,x 
does n *>act]ise ! l[e/ & mo/ gelat9\s  
=ms ( human life1 b ^? t are ! mo/      
highly organiz$4 ,true k9dness *]i%es & 
actively promotes all reasonable        
in/rum5talities = do+ practical good 9  

its own "t2 &1 look+ into futurity1 sees
 ! same _s work+ on = ! ev5tual         
elevation & happ9ess ( ! race4  ,x is ! 
k9dly-disposition$ m5 :o are ! active m5
 ( ! _w1 :ile ! selfi% & ! sceptical1 :o
 h no love b = !mselves1 are its idl]s4 
,buffon us$ to say1 t he w\ld give no?+ 
= a "y man :o did n beg9 life ) an      
en?usiasm ( "s sort4 ,x %[$ t at lea/ he
 _h fai? 9 some?+ good1 l(ty1 & g5]\s1  
ev5 if unatta9able4  ,egotism1          
scepticism1 & selfi%ness are always     
mis]able companions 9 life1 & !y are    
especially unnatural 9 y\?4 ,! egoti/ is
 next-door to a fanatic4 ,con/antly     
occupi$ ) self1 he has no ?\ght to sp>e 
= o!rs4 ,he ref]s to himself 9 all ?+s1 
?9ks ( himself1 & /udies himself1 until 
8 own little self becomes 8 own little  
god4  ,wor/ ( all are ! grumbl]s &      
gr[l]s at =tune--:o f9d t :atev] is is  
wrong1 & w d no?+ to set matt]s "r--:o  
decl>e all to be b>r5 f ,dan ev5 to     
,be]%eba4 ,^! grumbl]s are inv>iably    
f\nd ! lea/ effici5t help]s 9 ! s*ool ( 

life4 ,z ! wor/ workm5 are usually !    
readie/ to /rike1 s ! lea/ indu/ri\s    
memb]s ( society are ! readie/ to       
compla94 ,! wor/ :eel ( all is ! "o t   
creaks4  ,!re is su* a ?+ z ! *]i%+ (   
discont5t until ! feel+ becomes morbid4 
,! jaundic$ see ev]y?+ ab\t !m yell[4 ,!
 ill-condition$ ?9k all ?+s awry1 & !   
:ole _w out-(-jo9t4 ,all is vanity &    
vexation ( _s4 ,! little girl 9 ,,pun*1 
:o f\nd h] doll /uff$ ) bran1 & =?)     
decl>$ ev]y?+ to be holl[ & want$ to g  
into a nunn]y1 _h h] c\nt]p>t 9 real    
life4 ,_m full-gr[n p are q z morbidly  
unreasonable4 ,!re are ^? :o may be said
 to enjoy bad heal?2 !y reg>d x z a sort
 ( prop]ty4 ,!y c speak ( ,,my          
heada*e--,,my backa*e1 & s =?1 until 9  
c\rse ( "t x becomes _! mo/ *]i%$       
possession4 ,b p]haps x is ! s\rce to !m
 ( mu* covet$ sympa?y1 )\t :i* !y might 
f9d !mselves ( comp>atively little      
importance 9 ! _w4  ,we h to be on our  
gu>d aga9/ small tr\bles1 :i*1 by       
enc\rag+1 we are apt to magnify into    

great ones4 ,inde$1 ! *ief s\rce ( worry
 9 ! _w is n real b imag9>y evil--small 
vexations & trivial afflictions4 ,9 !   
pres5ce ( a great sorr[1 all petty      
tr\bles disappe>2 b we are too ready to 
take "s *]i%$ mis]y to our bosom1 & to  
pet x !re4 ,v (t5 x is ! *ild ( our     
fancy2 &1 =getful ( ! _m means (        
happ9ess :i* lie )9 our rea*1 we indulge
 ?is spoilt *ild ( ours until x ma/]s u4
 ,we %ut ! door aga9/ *e]fulness1 &     
surr\nd ourselves ) gloom4 ,! habit     
gives a col\r+ to our life4 ,we gr[     
qu]ul\s1 moody1 & unsympa!tic4 ,our     
conv]sation becomes full ( regrets4 ,we 
are h>% 9 our judgm5t ( o!rs4 ,we are   
unsociable1 & ?9k ev]ybody else is s4   
,we make our brea/ a /oreh\se ( pa91 :i*
 we inflict ^u ourselves z well z ^u    
o!rs4  ,?is disposition is enc\rag$ by  
selfi%ness3 inde$1 x is = ! mo/ "p      
selfi%ness unm+l$1 )\t any admixture (  
sympa?y or consid]ation = ! feel+s ( ^? 
ab\t u4 ,x is simply wilfulness 9 !     
wrong direction4 ,x is wilful1 because x

 might be avoid$4 ,let ! necessit>ians  
argue z !y may1 fre$om ( w & action is !
 possession ( e man & woman4 ,x is      
sometimes our glory1 & v (t5 x is our   
%ame3 all dep5ds ^u ! mann] 9 :i* x is  
us$4 ,we c *oose to look at ! bright    
side ( ?+s1 or at ! d>k4 ,we c foll[    
good & es*ew evil ?\ghts4 ,we c be      
wronghead$ & wronghe>t$1 or ! rev]se1 z 
we ourselves det]m9e4 ,! _w w be to ea* 
"o ( u v mu* :at we make x4 ,! *e]ful   
are its real possessors1 = ! _w belongs 
to ^? :o enjoy x4  ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be    
admitt$ t !re are cases beyond ! rea* ( 
! morali/4 ,once1 :5 a mis]able-look+   
dyspeptic call$ ^u a lead+ physician &  
laid 8 case be=e him1 ,oh6 said !       
doctor1 y only want a good he>ty laugh3 
g & see ,grimaldi4 ,alas6 said !        
mis]able pati5t1 ,i am ,grimaldi6 ,s1 :5
 ,smollett1 oppress$ by disease1        
travell$ ov] ,europe 9 ! hope ( f9d+    
heal?1 he saw ev]y?+ ?r\gh 8 own        
jaundic$ eyes4 ,i'll tell x1 said       
,smellfungus1 to ! _w4 ,y _h bett] tell 

x1 said ,/]ne1 to y\r physician4 ,!     
re/less1 anxi\s1 dissatisfi$ temp]1 t is
 ev] ready to run & meet c>e half-way1  
is fatal to all happ9ess & peace ( m9d4 
,h[ (t5 d we see m5 & wom5 set !mselves 
ab\t z if ) /iff bri/les1 s t "o d>e    
sc>cely approa* !m )\t fe> ( be+ prick$6
 ,= want ( a little occasional comm& ov]
 "o's temp]1 an am\nt ( mis]y is        
occasion$ 9 society :i* is positively   
frightful4 ,?us enjoym5t is turn$ into  
bitt]ness1 & life becomes l a j\rney    
b>efoot$ among/ ?orns & bri]s &         
prickles4 ,?\gh sometimes small evils1  
says ,ri*>d ,%>p1 l invisible insects1  
inflict great pa91 & a s+le hair may /op
 a va/ ma*9e1 yet ! *ief secret ( com=t 
lies 9 n suff]+ trifles to vex u2 & 9   
prud5tly cultivat+ an und]gr[? ( small  
pleasures1 s9ce v few great ones1 alas6 
are let on long leases4 #age  ,/4       
,francis de ,sales treats ! same topic f
 ! ,*ri/ian's po9t ( view4 ,h[ c>efully1
 he says1 we %\ld *]i% ! little virtues 
:i* spr+ up at ! foot ( ! ,cross6 ,:5 ! 

sa9t 0 ask$1 ,:at virtues d y mean8 he  
repli$3 ,humility1 pati5ce1 meekness1   
b5ignity1 be>+ "o ano!r's burd51        
condesc5sion1 s(tness ( he>t1           
*e]fulness1 cordiality1 compassion1     
=giv+ injuries1 simplicity1 c&\r--all1 9
 %ort ( t sort ( little virtues4 ,!y1 l 
unobtrusive violets1 love ! %ade2 l !m  
are su/a9$ by dew2 & ?\gh1 l !m1 !y make
 little %[1 !y %$ a sweet od\r on all   
ar\nd4 #agf  ,& aga9 he said3 ,if y w\ld
 fall into any extreme1 let x be on !   
side ( g5tl5ess4 ,! human m9d is s      
con/ruct$ t x resi/s rig\r1 & yields to 
s(tness4 ,a mild ^w qu5*es ang]1 z wat] 
qu5*es ! rage ( fire2 & by b5ignity any 
soil may be r5d]$ fruitful4 ,tru?1 utt]$
 ) c\rtesy1 is heap+ coals ( fire on !  
head--or r1 ?r[+ roses 9 ! face4 ,h[ c  
we resi/ a foe ^: weapons are pe>ls &   
diamonds8 #agg  ,meet+ evils by         
anticipation is n ! way to ov]come !m4  
,if we p]petually c>ry our burd5s ab\t )
 u1 !y w soon be> u d[n "u _! load4 ,:5 
evil comes1 we mu/ deal ) x bravely &   

hopefully4 ,:at ,p]!s wrote to a "y man1
 :o seem$ to him incl9$ to take trifles 
z well z sorr[s too mu* to he>t1 0      
d\btless good advice3 ,g =w>d ) hope &  
confid5ce4 ,?is is ! advice giv5 !e by  
an old man1 :o has _h a full %>e ( !    
burd5 & heat ( life's day4 ,we mu/ ev]  
/& upright1 happ5 :at may1 & = ?is end  
we mu/ *e]fully resign ourselves to !   
v>i$ influ5ces ( ?is _m-col\r$ life4 ,y 
may call ?is levity1 & y are p>tly "r2 =
 fl[]s & col\rs are b trifles light z   
air1 b su* levity is a con/itu5t portion
 ( our human nature1 )\t :i* x w\ld s9k 
"u ! weight ( "t4 ,:ile on e>? we mu/   
/ill play ) e>?1 & ) t :i* blooms &     
fades ^u its brea/4 ,! consci\sness (   
?is mortal life be+ b ! way to a high]  
goal1 by no means precludes our play+ ) 
x *e]fully2 &1 inde$1 we mu/ d s1       
o!rwise our en]gy 9 action w entirely   
fail4 #agh  ,*e]fulness also accompanies
 pati5ce1 :i* is "o ( ! ma9 conditions (
 happ9ess & success 9 life4 ,he t w be  
s]v$1 says ,george ,h]b]t1 mu/ be       

pati5t4 ,x 0 said ( ! *e]ful & pati5t   
,k+ ,alfr$1 t good =tune accompani$ him 
l a gift ( ,god4 ,m>lbor\gh's expectant 
calmness 0 great1 & a pr9cipal secret ( 
8 success z a g5]al4 ,pati5ce w ov]come 
all ?+s1 he wrote to ,godolph91 9 #agjb4
 ,9 ! mid/ ( a great em]g5cy1 :ile      
baffl$ & oppos$ by 8 allies1 he said1   
,hav+ done all t is possible1 we %\ld   
submit ) pati5ce4  ,la/ & *iefe/ (      
bless+s is ,hope1 ! mo/ common (        
possessions2 =1 z ,?ales ! philosoph]   
said1 ,ev5 ^? :o h no?+ else h hope4    
,hope is ! great help] ( ! poor4 ,x has 
ev5 be5 /yl$ ! poor man's bread4 ,x is  
also ! su/a9] & inspir] ( great de$s4 ,x
 is record$ ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 t :5 he 
succe$$ to ! ?rone ( ,mac$on1 he gave   
away among/ 8 fri5ds ! great] "p ( !    
e/ates :i* 8 fa!r _h left him2 & :5     
,p]diccas ask$ him :at he res]v$ =      
himself1 ,alex&] answ]$1 ,! greate/     
possession ( all1--,hope6  ,! pleasures 
( memory1 h[ev] great1 are /ale comp>$ )
 ^? ( hope2 = hope is ! p>5t ( all ef=t 

& endeav\r2 & e gift ( noble orig9 is   
brea!d ^u by ,hope's p]petual brea?4 ,x 
may be said to be ! moral eng9e t moves 
! _w1 & keeps x 9 action2 & at ! end (  
all !re /&s be=e u :at ,rob]tson (      
,ellon /yl$ ,! ,great ,hope4 ,if x 7 n =
 ,hope1 said ,byron1 :]e w\ld ! ,future 
be8--9 hell6 ,x is useless to say :]e ! 
,pres5t is1 = mo/ ( u "k2 & z = ! ,pa/1 
,,:at pr$om9ates 9 memory8--,hope       
baffl$4 ,,ergo1 9 all human affairs x is
 ,hope1 ,hope1 ,hope6 #agi     ,,*apt]  
,,ix4--,,mann]--,,art4         ,we mu/  
be g5tle1 n[ we are                     
g5tlem54--,,%akspe>e4            ,mann]s
 are n idle1 b ! fruit            ,(    
noble nature & ( loyal m9d4--,,t5nyson4 
,a beautiful behavi\r is bett] ?an a    
beautiful =m2 x      gives a high]      
pleasure ?an /atues & pictures2 x is !  
f9e/ ( ! f9e arts4--,,em]son4           
,mann]s are (t5 too mu* neglect$2 !y are
 mo/      important to m51 no less ?an  
to wom54444 ,life is too      %ort to   
get ov] a bad mann]2 besides1 mann]s are

 !      %ad[s ( virtues4--,,! ,,rev4    
,,sidney ,,smi?4   ,mann] is "o ( !     
pr9cipal ext]nal graces ( "*4 ,x is !   
ornam5t ( action1 & (t5 makes ! commone/
 (fices beautiful by ! way 9 :i* x p]=ms
 !m4 ,x is a happy way ( do+ ?+s1 adorn+
 ev5 ! smalle/ details ( life1 &        
contribut+ to r5d] x1 z a :ole1         
agreeable & pleasant4  ,mann] is n s    
frivol\s or unimportant z "s may ?9k x  
to be2 = x t5ds greatly to facilitate ! 
bus9ess ( life1 z well z to sweet5 &    
s(t5 social int]c\rse4 ,virtue itself1  
says ,bi%op ,middleton1 (f5ds1 :5 c\pl$ 
) a =bidd+ mann]4  ,mann] has a good    
deal to d ) ! e/imation 9 :i* m5 are    
held by ! _w2 & x has (t5 m influ5ce 9 !
 gov]nm5t ( o!rs ?an qualities ( mu*    
great] dep? & sub/ance4 ,a mann] at once
 graci\s & cordial is among ! greate/   
aids to success1 & _m !re are :o fail = 
want ( x4 #aha ,= a great deal dep5ds ^u
 fir/ impressions2 & ^! are usually     
fav\rable or o!rwise accord+ to a man's 
c\rte\sness & civility4  ,:ile rud5ess &

 gruffness b> doors & %ut he>ts1 k9dness
 & propriety ( behavi\r1 9 :i* good     
mann]s consi/1 act z an op5 sesame      
ev]y:]e4 ,doors unb> be=e !m1 & !y are a
 passport to ! he>ts ( ev]ybody1 "y &   
old4  ,!re is a common say+ t ,mann]s   
make ! man2 b ?is is n s true z t ,man  
makes ! mann]s4 ,a man may be gruff1 &  
ev5 rude1 & yet be good at he>t & ( /]l+
 "*2 yet he w\ld d\btless be a mu* m    
agreeable1 & probably a mu* m useful    
man1 7 he to exhibit t suavity (        
disposition & c\rtesy ( mann] :i* always
 gives a f9i% to ! true g5tleman4  ,mrs4
 ,hut*9son1 9 ! noble portraiture ( h]  
husb&1 to :i* we h already _h occasion  
to ref]1 ?us describes 8 manly          
c\rte\sness & affability (              
disposition3--,i _c say :e!r he 7 m     
truly magnanim\s or less pr\d2 he nev]  
disda9$ ! meane/ p]son1 nor flatt]$ !   
greate/2 he _h a lov+ & sweet c\rtesy to
 ! poore/1 & w\ld (t5 employ _m sp>e    
h\rs ) ! commone/ soldi]s & poore/      
lab\r]s2 b /ill s ord]+ 8 famili>ity1 t 

x nev] rais$ !m to a contempt1 b        
ent]ta9$ /ill at ! same "t a rev]5ce &  
love ( him4 #ahb  ,a man's mann]1 to a  
c]ta9 ext5t1 indicates 8 "*4 ,x is !    
ext]nal expon5t ( 8 inn] nature4 ,x     
indicates 8 ta/e1 8 feel+s1 & 8 temp]1 z
 well z ! society to :i* he has be5     
accu/om$4 ,!re is a conv5tional mann]1  
:i* is ( comp>atively little importance2
 b ! natural mann]1 ! outcome ( natural 
gifts1 improv$ by c>eful self-culture1  
signifies a great deal4  ,grace ( mann] 
is inspir$ by s5tim5t1 :i* is a s\rce ( 
no slight enjoym5t to a cultivat$ m9d4  
,view$ 9 ?is light1 s5tim5t is ( almo/ z
 mu* importance z tal5ts & acquirem5ts1 
:ile x is ev5 m influ5tial 9 giv+ !     
direction to a man s ta/es & "*4        
,sympa?y is ! gold5 key t unlocks !     
he>ts ( o!rs4 ,x n only tea*es polit5ess
 & c\rtesy1 b gives insight & unfolds   
wisdom1 & may almo/ be reg>d$ z ! cr[n+ 
grace ( humanity4  ,artificial rules (  
polit5ess are ( v little use4 ,:at      
passes by ! "n ( ,etiquette is (t5 ( !  

ess5ce ( unpolit5ess & untru?fulness4 ,x
 consi/s 9 a great measure (            
po/ure-mak+1 & is easily se5 ?r\gh4 ,ev5
 at be/1 etiquette is b a sub/itute =   
good mann]s1 ?\gh x is (t5 b _! m]e     
c\nt]feit4  ,good mann]s consi/1 = ! mo/
 "p1 9 c\rte\sness & k9dness4 ,polit5ess
 has be5 describ$ z ! art ( %[+1 by     
ext]nal signs1 ! int]nal reg>d we h =   
o!rs4 ,b "o may be p]fectly polite to   
ano!r )\t necess>ily hav+ a special     
reg>d = him4 ,good mann]s are nei!r m   
nor less ?an beautiful behavi\r4 ,x has 
be5 well said1 t a beautiful =m is bett]
 ?an a beautiful face1 & a beautiful    
behavi\r is bett] ?an a beautiful =m2 x 
gives a high] pleasure ?an /atues or    
pictures--x is ! f9e/ ( ! f9e arts4  ,! 
true/ polit5ess comes ( s9c]ity4 ,x mu/ 
be ! outcome ( ! he>t1 or x w make no   
la/+ impression2 = no am\nt ( poli% c   
disp5se ) tru?fulness4 ,! natural "* mu/
 be all[$ to appe>1 fre$ ( its          
angul>ities & asp]ities4 ,?\gh          
polit5ess1 9 its be/ =m1 %\ld #ah;z ,/4 

,francis de ,sales says resemble        
wat]--be/ :5 cle>e/1 mo/ simple1 & )\t  
ta/e1--yet g5ius 9 a man w always cov]  
_m defects ( mann]1 & mu* w be excus$ to
 ! /rong & ! orig9al4 ,)\t g5u95ess &   
individuality1 human life w\ld lose mu* 
( its int]e/ & v>iety1 z well z its     
manl9ess & robu/ness ( "*4  ,true       
c\rtesy is k9d4 ,x exhibits itself 9 !  
disposition to contribute to ! happ9ess 
( o!rs1 & 9 refra9+ f all t may annoy   
!m4 ,x is grateful z well z k9d1 &      
readily ackn[l$ges k9d actions4         
,curi\sly en\gh1 ,capta9 ,speke f\nd ?is
 quality ( "* recognis$ ev5 by ! natives
 ( ,ug&a on ! %ores ( ,lake ,nyanza1 9 !
 he>t ( ,africa1 :]e1 he says4          
,+ratitude1 or neglect+ to ?ank a p]son 
= a b5efit conf]r$1 is puni%able4  ,true
 polit5ess especially exhibits itself 9 
reg>d = ! p]sonality ( o!rs4 ,a man w   
respect ! individuality ( ano!r if he   
wi%es to be respect$ himself4 ,he w h   
due reg>d = 8 views & op9ions1 ev5 ?\gh 
!y diff] f 8 own4 ,! well-mann]$ man    

pays a complim5t to ano!r1 & sometimes  
ev5 secures 8 respect1 by pati5tly li/5+
 to him4 ,he is simply tol]ant &        
=be>ant1 & refra9s f judg+ h>%ly2 & h>% 
judgm5ts ( o!rs w almo/ inv>iably       
provoke h>% judgm5ts ( ourselves4  ,!   
unpolite impulsive man w1 h[ev]1        
sometimes r lose 8 fri5d ?an 8 joke4 ,he
 may surely be pron\nc$ a v fooli% p]son
 :o secures ano!r's hatr$ at ! price ( a
 mom5t's gratification4 ,x 0 a say+ (   
,brunel ! eng9e]--himself "o ( !        
k9de/-natur$ ( m5--t spite & ill-nature 
are among ! mo/ exp5sive luxuries 9     
life4 ,dr4 ,johnson once said3 ,sir1 a  
man has no m "r to ,,say an uncivil ?+  
?an to ,,act "o--no m "r to say a rude  
?+ to ano!r ?an to knock him d[n4  ,a   
s5sible polite p]son does n assume to be
 bett] or wis] or ri*] ?an 8 neighb\r4  
,he does n boa/ ( 8 rank1 or 8 bir?1 or 
8 c\ntry2 or look d[n ^u o!rs because !y
 h n be5 born to l privileges ) himself4
 ,he does n brag ( 8 a*ievem5ts or ( 8  
call+1 or talk %op :5ev] he op5s 8 m\?4 

,on ! contr>y1 9 all t he says or does1 
he w be mode/1 unpret5ti\s1 unassum+2   
exhibit+ 8 true "* 9 p]=m+ r ?an 9      
boa/+1 9 do+ r ?an 9 talk+4  ,want (    
respect = ! feel+s ( o!rs usually       
orig9ates 9 selfi%ness1 & issues 9      
h>dness & repulsiv5ess ( mann]4 ,x may n
 proce$ f malignity s mu* z f want (    
sympa?y & want ( delicacy--a want ( t   
p]ception (1 & att5tion to1 ^? little & 
app>5tly trifl+ ?+s by :i* pleasure is  
giv5 or pa9 occasion$ to o!rs4 ,inde$1 x
 may be said t 9 self-sacrific+ness1 s  
to speak1 9 ! ord9>y int]c\rse ( life1  
ma9ly consi/s ! diff]5ce betwe5 be+ well
 & ill br$4  ,)\t "s degree (           
self-re/ra9t 9 society1 a man may be    
f\nd almo/ insuff]able4 ,no "o has      
pleasure 9 hold+ int]c\rse ) su* a      
p]son1 & he is a con/ant s\rce (        
annoyance to ^? ab\t him4 ,= want (     
self-re/ra9t1 _m m5 are engag$ all _!   
lives 9 fight+ ) difficulties ( _! own  
mak+1 & r5d]+ success impossible by _!  
own crossgra9$ ung5tl5ess2 :il/ o!rs1 x 

may be mu* less gift$1 make _! way &    
a*ieve success by simple pati5ce1       
equanimity1 & self-control4  ,x has be5 
said t m5 succe$ 9 life q z mu* by _!   
temp] z by _! tal5ts4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1
 x is c]ta9 t _! happ9ess dep5ds ma9ly  
on _! temp]am5t1 especially ^u _!       
disposition to be *e]ful2 ^u _!         
complaisance1 k9dl9ess ( mann]1 &       
will+ness to oblige o!rs--details (     
conduct :i* are l ! small-*ange 9 !     
int]c\rse ( life1 & are always 9 reque/4
  ,m5 may %[ _! disreg>d ( o!rs 9 v>i\s 
unpolite ways--z1 = in/ance1 by neglect 
( propriety 9 dress1 by ! abs5ce (      
cleanl9ess1 or by indulg+ 9 repulsive   
habits4 ,! slov5ly dirty p]son1 by r5d]+
 himself physically disagreeable1 sets !
 ta/es & feel+s ( o!rs at defiance1 & is
 rude & uncivil only "u ano!r =m4       
,david ,ancillon1 a ,hugu5ot prea*] (   
s+ul> attractiv5ess1 :o /udi$ & compos$ 
8 s]mons ) ! greate/ c>e1 0 accu/om$ to 
say t x 0 %[+ too little e/eem = !      
public to take no pa9s 9 prep>ation1 & t

 a man :o %\ld appe> on a c]emonial-day 
9 8 nightcap & dress+-g[n1 c\ld n commit
 a great] brea* ( civility4  ,!         
p]fection ( mann] is ease--t x attracts 
no man's notice z su*1 b is natural &   
unaffect$4 ,artifice is incompatible )  
c\rte\s frankness ( mann]4 ,ro*ef\cauld 
has said t no?+ s mu* prev5ts our be+   
natural z ! desire ( appe>+ s4 ,?us we  
come r\nd aga9 to s9c]ity & tru?fulness1
 :i* f9d _! outw>d expression 9         
graci\sness1 urbanity1 k9dl9ess1 &      
consid]ation = ! feel+s ( o!rs4 ,! frank
 & cordial man sets ^? ab\t him at _!   
ease4 ,he w>ms & elevates !m by 8       
pres5ce1 & w9s all he>ts4 ,?us mann]1 9 
its highe/ =m1 l "*1 becomes a g5u9e    
motive p[]4  ,! love & admiration1 says 
,canon ,k+sley1 :i* t truly brave & lov+
 man1 ,sir ,sydney ,smi?1 won f e "o1   
ri* & poor1 ) :om he came 9 contact     
seems to h aris5 f ! "o fact1 t )\t1    
p]haps1 hav+ any su* consci\s int5tion1 
he treat$ ri* & poor1 8 own s]vants & ! 
noblem5 8 gue/s1 alike1 & alike         

c\rte\sly1 consid]ately1 *e]fully1      
affectionately--s leav+ a bless+1 &     
reap+ a bless+1 :]ev] he w5t4  ,good    
mann]s are usually suppos$ to be !      
peculi> *>act]i/ic ( p]sons g5tly born &
 br$1 & ( p]sons mov+ 9 ! high] r ?an 9 
! l[] sph]es ( society4 ,& ?is is no    
d\bt to a great ext5t true1 because ( ! 
m fav\rable surr\nd+s ( ! =m] 9 e>ly    
life4 ,b !re is no reason :y ! poore/   
classes %\ld n practise good mann]s     
t[>ds ea* o!r z well z ! ri*e/4  ,m5 :o 
toil ) _! h&s1 equally ) ^? :o d n1 may 
respect !mselves & respect "o ano!r2 & x
 is by _! demean\r to ea* o!r--9 o!r    
words1 by _! mann]s--t self-respect z   
well z mutual respect are indicat$4 ,!re
 is sc>cely a mom5t 9 _! lives1 !       
enjoym5t ( :i* might n be enhanc$ by    
k9dl9ess ( ?is sort--9 ! work%op1 9 !   
/reet1 or at home4 ,! civil workman w   
ex]cise increas$ p[] among/ 8 class1 &  
gradually induce !m to imitate him by 8 
p]si/5t /ead9ess1 civility1 & k9dness4  
,?us ,b5jam9 ,frankl91 :5 a work+-man1  

is said to h re=m$ ! habits ( an entire 
work%op4  ,"o may be polite & g5tle ) v 
little money 9 8 purse4 ,polit5ess goes 
f>1 yet co/s no?+4 ,x is ! *eape/ ( all 
commodities4 ,x is ! humble/ ( ! f9e    
arts1 yet x is s useful & s             
pleasure-giv+1 t x might almo/ be rank$ 
among/ ! humanities4  ,e nation may le>n
 some?+ ( o!rs2 & if !re be "o ?+ m ?an 
ano!r t ! ,engli% work+-class might af=d
 to copy ) advantage f _! ,cont95tal    
neighb\rs1 x is _! polit5ess4 ,! ,fr5* &
 ,g]mans1 ( ev5 ! humble/ classes1 are  
graci\s 9 mann]1 complaisant1 cordial1 &
 well-br$4 ,! =eign workman lifts 8 cap 
& respectfully salutes 8 fell[-workman 9
 pass+4 ,!re is no sacrifice ( manl9ess 
9 ?is1 b grace & dignity4 ,ev5 ! l[e/   
pov]ty ( ! =eign workpeople is n mis]y1 
simply because x is *e]ful4 ,?\gh n     
receiv+ "o-half ! income :i* our        
work+-classes d1 !y d n s9k into        
wret*$ness & dr[n _! tr\bles 9 dr9k2 b  
contrive to make ! be/ ( life1 & to     
enjoy x ev5 amid/ pov]ty4  ,good ta/e is

 a true economi/4 ,x may be practis$ on 
small means1 & sweet5 ! lot ( lab\r z   
well z ( ease4 ,x is all ! m enjoy$1    
inde$1 :5 associat$ ) indu/ry & !       
p]=mance ( duty4 ,ev5 ! lot ( pov]ty is 
elevat$ by ta/e4 ,x exhibits itself 9 ! 
economies ( ! h\sehold4 ,x gives        
brightness & grace to ! humble/ dwell+4 
,x produces ref9em5t1 x eng5d]s         
goodwill1 & creates an atmosph]e (      
*e]fulness4 ,?us good ta/e1 associat$ ) 
k9dl9ess1 sympa?y1 & intellig5ce1 may   
elevate & adorn ev5 ! l[lie/ lot4  ,!   
fir/ & be/ s*ool ( mann]s1 z ( "*1 is   
always ! ,home1 :]e woman is ! tea*]4 ,!
 mann]s ( society at l>ge are b ! reflex
 ( ! mann]s ( our collective homes1     
nei!r bett] nor worse4 ,yet1 ) all !    
disadvantages ( ung5ial homes1 m5 may   
practise self-culture ( mann] z (       
intellect1 & le>n by good examples to   
cultivate a graceful & agreeable        
behavi\r t[>ds o!rs4 ,mo/ m5 are l s _m 
gems 9 ! r\gh1 :i* ne$ poli%+ by contact
 ) o!r & bett] natures1 to br+ out _!   

full beauty & lu/re4 ,"s h b "o side    
poli%$1 suffici5t only to %[ ! delicate 
gra9+ ( ! int]ior2 b to br+ out ! full  
qualities ( ! gem ne$s ! discipl9e (    
exp]i5ce1 & contact ) ! be/ examples (  
"* 9 ! int]c\rse ( daily life4  ,a good 
deal ( ! success ( mann] consi/s 9 tact1
 & x is because wom51 on ! :ole1 h      
great] tact ?an m51 t !y prove its mo/  
influ5tial tea*]s4 ,!y h m self-re/ra9t 
?an m51 & are naturally m graci\s &     
polite4 ,!y possess an intuitive        
quickness & read9ess ( action1 h a ke5] 
insight into "*1 & exhibit great]       
discrim9ation & address4 ,9 matt]s (    
social detail1 aptness & dext]ity come  
to !m l nature2 & h5ce well-mann]$ m5   
usually receive _! be/ culture by mix+ 9
 ! society ( g5tle & adroit wom54  ,tact
 is an intuitive art ( mann]1 :i* c>ries
 "o ?r\gh a difficulty bett] ?an ei!r   
tal5t or k4 ,tal5t1 says a public writ]1
 is p[]3 tact is skill4 ,tal5t is       
weight3 tact is mom5tum4 ,tal5t kn[s :at
 to d3 tact kn[s h[ to d x4 ,tal5t makes

 a man respectable3 tact makes him      
respect$4 ,tal5t is weal?3 tact is      
ready-money4  ,! diff]5ce betwe5 a man (
 quick tact & ( no tact :atev] 0        
exemplifi$ 9 an int]view :i* once took  
place betwe5 ,"l ,palm]/on & ,mr4       
,behnes1 ! sculptor4 ,at ! la/ sitt+ :i*
 ,"l ,palm]/on gave him1 ,behnes op5$ ! 
conv]sation )--,any news1 my ,"l1 f     
,france8 ,h[ d we /& ) ,l\is ,napoleon8 
,! ,=eign ,secret>y rais$ 8 eyebr[s = an
 in/ant1 & quietly repli$1 ,really1 ,mr4
 ,behnes1 ,i don't "k3 ,i h n se5 !     
newspap]s6 ,poor ,behnes1 ) _m excell5t 
qualities & mu* real tal5t1 0 "o ( ! _m 
m5 :o entirely miss$ _! way 9 life ?r\gh
 want ( tact4  ,su* is ! p[] ( mann]1   
comb9$ ) tact1 t ,wilkes1 "o ( ! uglie/ 
( m51 us$ to say1 t 9 w9n+ ! graces ( a 
lady1 !re 0 n m ?an ?ree days' diff]5ce 
betwe5 him & ! h&some/ man 9 ,engl&4  ,b
 ?is ref]5ce to ,wilkes rem9ds u t too  
mu* importance mu/ n be atta*$ to mann]1
 = x does n af=d any g5u9e te/ ( "*4 ,! 
well-mann]$ man may1 l ,wilkes1 be m]ely

 act+ a "p1 & t = an immoral purpose4   
,mann]1 l o!r f9e arts1 gives pleasure1 
& is exce$+ly agreeable to look ^u2 b x 
may be assum$ z a disguise1 z m5 assume 
a virtue ?\gh !y h x n4 ,x is b !       
ext]ior sign ( good conduct1 b may be no
 m ?an sk9-deep4 ,! mo/ highly-poli%$   
p]son may be ?or\ghly deprav$ 9 he>t2 & 
8 sup]f9e mann]s may1 aft] all1 only    
consi/ 9 pleas+ ge/ures & 9 f9e phrases4
  ,on ! o!r h&1 x mu/ be ackn[l$g$ t "s 
( ! ri*e/ & mo/ g5]\s natures h be5     
want+ 9 ! graces ( c\rtesy & polit5ess4 
,z a r\gh r9d sometimes cov]s ! sweete/ 
fruit1 s a r\gh ext]ior (t5 conceals a  
k9dly & he>ty nature4 ,! blunt man may  
seem ev5 rude 9 mann]1 & yet1 at he>t1  
be hone/1 k9d1 & g5tle4  ,john ,knox &  
,m>t9 ,lu!r 7 by no means di/+ui%$ = _! 
urbanity4 ,!y _h "w to d :i* ne$$ /rong 
& det]m9$ r ?an well-mann]$ m54 ,inde$1 
!y 7 bo? ?\ght to be unnecess>ily h>% & 
viol5t 9 _! mann]4 ,& :o art ?\1 said   
,m>y ,que5 ( ,scots to ,knox1 t presume/
 to s*ool ! nobles & sov]eign ( ?is     

realm8--,madam1 repli$ ,knox1 a subject 
born )9 ! same4 ,x is said t 8 boldness1
 or r\ghness1 m ?an once made ,que5 ,m>y
 weep4 ,:5 ,reg5t ,morton he>d ( ?is1 he
 said1 ,well1 'tis bett] t wom5 %\ld    
weep ?an be>d$ m54  ,z ,knox 0 retir+ f 
! ,que5's pres5ce on "o occasion1 he    
ov]he>d "o ( ! royal att5dants say to   
ano!r1 ,he is n afraid6 ,turn+ r\nd ^u  
!m1 he said3 ,& :y %\ld ! pleas+ face ( 
a g5tleman fright5 me8 ,i h look$ on !  
faces ( angry m51 & yet h n be5 afraid  
beyond measure4 ,:5 ! ,re=m]1 worn-out  
by excess ( lab\r & anxiety1 0 at l5g?  
laid to 8 re/1 ! ,reg5t1 look+ d[n into 
! op5 grave1 exclaim$1 9 words :i* made 
a /rong impression f _! aptness &       
tru?--,!re lies he :o nev] fe>$ ! face (
 man6  ,lu!r also 0 ?\ght by "s to be a 
m]e comp\nd ( viol5ce & rugg$ness4 ,b1 z
 9 ! case ( ,knox1 ! times 9 :i* he liv$
 7 rude & viol5t2 & ! "w he _h to d c\ld
 sc>cely h be5 accompli%$ ) g5tl5ess &  
suavity4 ,to r\se ,europe f its le?>gy1 
he _h to speak & to write ) =ce1 & ev5  

vehem5ce4 ,yet ,lu!r's vehem5ce 0 only 9
 words4 ,8 app>5tly rude ext]ior cov]$ a
 w>m he>t4 ,9 private life he 0 g5tle1  
lov+1 & affectionate4 ,he 0 simple &    
homely1 ev5 to commonness4 ,fond ( all  
common pleasures & enjoym5ts1 he 0 any?+
 b an au/]e man1 or a bigot2 = he 0     
he>ty1 g5ial1 & ev5 jolly4 ,lu!r 0 !    
common p's h]o 9 8 lifetime1 & he rema9s
 s 9 ,g]many to ?is day4  ,samuel       
,johnson 0 rude & (t5 gruff 9 mann]4 ,b 
he _h be5 br\ght up 9 a r\gh s*ool4     
,pov]ty 9 e>ly life _h made him acqua9t$
 ) /range companions4 ,he _h w&]$ 9 !   
/reets ) ,savage = nights toge!r1 unable
 betwe5 !m to raise money en\gh to pay =
 a b$4 ,:5 8 indomitable c\rage &       
indu/ry at l5g? secur$ = him a foot+ 9  
society1 he /ill bore ^u him ! sc>s ( 8 
e>ly sorr[s & /ruggles4 ,he 0 by nature 
/rong & robu/1 & 8 exp]i5ce made him    
unaccommodat+ & self-ass]t+4 ,:5 he 0   
once ask$ :y he 0 n invit$ to d9e out z 
,g>rick 01 he answ]$1 ,because great    
lords & ladies did n l to h _! m\?s     

/opp$2 & ,johnson 0 a notori\s          
m\?-/opp]1 ?\gh :at he said 0 always    
wor? li/5+ to4  ,johnson's companions   
spoke ( him z ,ursa ,major2 b1 z        
,goldsmi? g5]\sly said ( him1 ,no man   
alive has a m t5d] he>t2 he has no?+ ( !
 be> ab\t him b 8 sk94 ,! k9dl9ess (    
,johnson's nature 0 %[n on "o occasion  
by ! mann] 9 :i* he assi/$ a suppos$    
lady 9 cross+ ,fleet ,/reet4 ,he gave h]
 8 arm1 & l$ h] across1 n obs]v+ t %e 0 
9 liquor at ! "t4 ,b ! _s ( ! act 0 n ! 
less k9d on t acc\nt4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !   
conduct ( ! booksell] on :om ,johnson   
once call$ to solicit employm5t1 & :o1  
reg>d+ 8 a?letic b unc\? p]son1 told him
 he _h bett] g buy a port]'s knot & c>ry
 trunks1 9 h[soev] bl& tones ! advice   
might h be5 communicat$1 0 simply       
brutal4  ,:ile capti\sness ( mann]1 & ! 
habit ( disput+ & contradict+ ev]y?+    
said1 is *ill+ & repulsive1 ! opposite  
habit ( ass5t+ to1 & sympa?is+ )1 e     
/atem5t made1 or emotion express$1 is   
almo/ equally disagreeable4 ,x is       

unmanly1 & is felt to be di%one/4 ,x may
 seem difficult1 says ,ri*>d ,%>p1 to   
/e] always betwe5 bluntness &           
pla9-deal+1 betwe5 giv+ m]it$ praise &  
lavi%+ indiscrim9ate flatt]y2 b x is v  
easy--good-hum\r1 k9dhe>t$ness1 & p]fect
 simplicity1 be+ all t are requisite to 
d :at is "r 9 ! "r way4 #ahc  ,at ! same
 "t1 _m are unpolite--n because !y mean 
to be s1 b because !y are awkw>d1 &     
p]haps "k no bett]4 ,?us1 :5 ,gibbon _h 
publi%$ ! second & ?ird volumes ( 8     
',decl9e & ,fall1' ! ,duke ( ,cumb]l&   
met him "o day1 & acco/$ him )1 ,h[ d y 
d1 ,mr4 ,gibbon8 ,i see y are always    
,,at ,,x 9 ! old way--,,scribble1       
,,scribble1 ,,scribble6 ,! ,duke        
probably int5d$ to pay ! au?or a        
complim5t1 b did n "k h[ bett] to d x1  
?an 9 ?is blunt & app>5tly rude way4    
,aga91 _m p]sons are ?\ght to be /iff1  
res]v$1 & pr\d1 :5 !y are only %y4      
,%yness is *>act]i/ic ( mo/ p (         
,teutonic race4 ,x has be5 /yl$ !       
,engli% mania1 b x p]vades1 to a great] 

or less degree1 all ! ,nor!rn nations4  
,! ord9>y ,engli%man1 :5 he travels     
abroad1 c>ries 8 %yness ) him4 ,he is   
/iff1 awkw>d1 ungraceful1               
undemon/rative1 & app>5tly unsympa!tic2 
& ?\gh he may assume a brusqu5ess (     
mann]1 ! %yness is !re1 & _c be :olly   
conceal$4 ,! naturally graceful &       
int5sely social ,fr5* _c und]/& su* a   
"*2 & ! ,engli%man is _! /&+ joke--!    
subject ( _! mo/ ludicr\s c>icatures4   
,george ,s& attributes ! rigidity ( !   
natives ( ,albion to a /ock ( ,,fluide  
,,britannique :i* !y c>ry ab\t ) !m1 t  
r5d]s !m impassive "u all circum/ances1 
& z imp]vi\s to ! atmosph]e ( ! regions 
!y trav]se z a m\se 9 ! c5tre ( an      
exhau/$ receiv]4 #ahd  ,! av]age        
,fr5*man or ,iri%man excels ! av]age    
,engli%man1 ,g]man1 or ,am]ican 9       
c\rtesy & ease ( mann]1 simply because x
 is 8 nature4 ,!y are m social & less   
self-dep5d5t ?an m5 ( ,teutonic orig91 m
 demon/rative & less retic5t2 !y are m  
communicative1 conv]sational1 & fre] 9  

_! int]c\rse ) ea* o!r 9 all respects2  
:il/ m5 ( ,g]man race are comp>atively  
/iff1 res]v$1 %y1 & awkw>d4 ,at ! same  
"t1 a p may exhibit ease1 gaiety1 &     
sprightl9ess ( "*1 & yet possess no     
deep] qualities calculat$ to inspire    
respect4 ,!y may h e grace ( mann]1 &   
yet be he>tless1 frivol\s1 selfi%4 ,! "*
 may be on ! surface only1 & )\t any    
solid qualities = a f\ndation4  ,!re c  
be no d\bt z to :i* ( ! two sorts ( p--!
 easy & graceful1 or ! /iff & awkw>d--x 
is mo/ agreeable to meet1 ei!r 9        
bus9ess1 9 society1 or 9 ! casual       
int]c\rse ( life4 ,:i* make ! fa/e/     
fri5ds1 ! true/ m5 ( _! ^w1 ! mo/       
consci5ti\s p]=m]s ( _! duty1 is an     
entirely diff]5t matt]4  ,! dry ,,gau*e 
,engli%man--to use ! ,fr5* phrase1      
,l',,anglais ,,empetre--is c]ta9ly a    
some:at disagreeable p]son to meet at   
fir/4 ,he looks z if he _h swall[$ a    
pok]4 ,he is %y himself1 & ! cause (    
%yness 9 o!rs4 ,he is /iff1 n because he
 is pr\d1 b because he is %y2 & he _c   

%ake x (f1 ev5 if he w\ld4 ,inde$1 we   
%\ld n be surpris$ to f9d t ev5 ! clev] 
writ] :o describes ! ,engli% ,phili/9e 9
 all 8 enormity ( awkw>d mann] & abs5ce 
( grace1 7 himself z %y z a bat4  ,:5   
two %y m5 meet1 !y seem l a c\ple (     
icicles4 ,!y sidle away & turn _! backs 
on ea* o!r 9 a room1 or :5 travell+     
creep into ! opposite corn]s ( a        
railway-c>riage4 ,:5 %y ,engli%m5 are   
ab\t to />t on a j\rney by railway1 !y  
walk along ! tra91 to discov] an empty  
comp>tm5t 9 :i* to be/[ !mselves2 & :5  
once ensconc$1 !y inw>dly hate ! next   
man :o comes 94 ,s2 on ent]+ ! d9+-room 
( _! club1 ea* %y man looks out = an    
unoccupi$ table1 until sometimes--all ! 
tables 9 ! room are occupi$ by s+le     
d9]s4 ,all ?is app>5t unsociabl5ess is  
m]ely %yness--! national *>act]i/ic ( ! 
,engli%man4  ,! disciples ( ,confucius1 
obs]ves ,mr4 ,ar?ur ,helps1 say t :5 9 !
 pres5ce ( ! pr9ce1 8 mann] display$    
,,respectful ,,uneas9ess4 ,!re c\ld     
h>dly be giv5 any two words :i* m fitly 

describe ! mann] ( mo/ ,engli%m5 :5 9   
society4 ,p]haps x is due to ?is feel+ t
 ,sir ,h5ry ,taylor1 9 8 ',/atesman1'   
recomm5ds t1 9 ! managem5t ( int]views1 
! m9i/] %\ld be z ne> to ! door z       
possible2 &1 in/ead ( b[+ 8 visitor out1
 t he %\ld take refuge1 at ! end ( an   
int]view1 9 ! adjo9+ room4 ,timid &     
emb>rass$ m51 he says1 w sit z if !y 7  
root$ to ! spot1 :5 !y are consci\s t !y
 h to trav]se ! l5g? ( a room 9 _!      
retreat4 ,9 e case1 an int]view w f9d a 
m easy & pleas+ t]m9ation ,,:5 ,,!      
,,door ,,is ,,at ,,h& z ! la/ words are 
spok54 #ahe  ,! late ,pr9ce ,alb]t1 "o (
 ! g5tle/ & mo/ amiable1 0 also "o ( !  
mo/ retir+ ( m54 ,he /ruggl$ mu* aga9/ 8
 s5se ( %yness1 b 0 nev] able ei!r to   
conqu] or conceal x4 ,8 biograph]1 9    
expla9+ its causes1 says3 ,x 0 ! %yness 
( a v delicate nature1 t is n sure x w  
please1 & is )\t ! confid5ce & ! vanity 
:i* (t5 g to =m *>act]s t are outw>dly m
 g5ial4 #ahf  ,b ! ,pr9ce %>$ ?is defect
 ) "s ( ! greate/ ( ,engli%m54 ,sir     

,isaac ,newton 0 probably ! %ye/ man ( 8
 age4 ,he kept secret = a "t "s ( 8     
greate/ discov]ies1 = fe> ( ! notoriety 
!y might br+ him4 ,8 discov]y ( !       
,b9omial ,!orem & its mo/ important     
applications1 z well z 8 /ill great]    
discov]y ( ! ,law ( ,gravitation1 7 n   
publi%$ = ye>s aft] !y 7 made2 & :5 he  
communicat$ to ,coll9s 8 solution ( !   
!ory ( ! moon's rotation r\nd ! e>?1 he 
=bade him to ins]t 8 "n 9 connection ) x
 9 ! ',philosophical ,transactions1'    
say+3 ,x w\ld1 p]haps1 increase my      
acqua9tance--! ?+ :i* ,i *iefly /udy to 
decl9e4  ,f all t c be le>nt (          
,%akspe>e1 x is to be inf]r$ t he 0 an  
exce$+ly %y man4 ,! mann] 9 :i* 8 plays 
7 s5t into ! _w--= x is n kn[n t he     
edit$ or au?oriz$ ! publication ( a s+le
 "o ( !m--& ! dates at :i* !y           
respectively appe>$1 are m]e matt]s (   
conjecture4 ,8 appe>ance 9 8 own plays 9
 second & ev5 ?ird-rate p>ts--8         
indiff]5ce to reputation1 & ev5 8 app>5t
 av]sion to be held 9 repute by 8       

contempor>ies--8 disappe>ance f ,london 
#ah! seat & c5tre ( ,engli% hi/rionic   
art s soon z he _h realis$ a mod]ate    
compet5cy--& 8 retirem5t ab\t ! age (   
=ty1 = ! rema9d] ( 8 days1 to a life (  
obscurity 9 a small t[n 9 ! midl&       
c\nties--all seem to unite 9 prov+ !    
%r9k+ nature ( ! man1 & 8 unconqu]able  
%yness4  ,x is also probable t1 besides 
be+ %y--& 8 %yness may1 l t ( ,byron1 h 
be5 increas$ by 8 limp--,%akspe>e did n 
possess 9 any high degree ! gift ( hope4
 ,x is a rem>kable circum/ance1 t :il/ !
 great dramati/ has1 9 ! c\rse ( 8      
writ+s1 copi\sly illu/rat$ all o!r      
gifts1 affections1 & virtues1 ! passages
 are v r>e 9 :i* ,hope is m5tion$1 & !n 
x is usually 9 a despond+ & despair+    
tone1 z :5 he says3        ,! mis]able  
ha? no o!r m$ic9e1 ,b only ,hope4  ,_m (
 8 sonnets brea! ! _s ( despair &       
hopelessness4 #ahg ,he lam5ts 8 lam5ess2
 #ahh apologizes = 8 pr(ession z an     
actor2 #ahi expresses 8 fe> ( tru/ 9    
himself1 & 8 hopeless1 p]haps misplac$1 

affection2 #ahaj anticipates a c(f9'd   
doom2 & utt]s 8 pr(\ndly pa!tic cry =   
re/ful dea?4  ,x might naturally be     
suppos$ t ,%akspe>e's pr(ession ( an    
actor1 & 8 repeat$ appe>ances 9 public1 
w\ld spe$ily ov]come 8 %yness1 did su*  
exi/4 ,b inborn %yness1 :5 /rong1 is n s
 easily conqu]$4 #ahaa ,:o c\ld h       
believ$ t ! late ,*>les ,ma!ws1 :o      
ent]ta9$ cr[d$ h\ses night aft] night1 0
 naturally "o ( ! %ye/ ( m58 ,he w\ld   
ev5 make long circuits #ahlame ?\gh he 0
 along ! byelanes ( ,london to avoid    
recognition4 ,8 wife says ( him1 t he   
look$ %eepi% & confus$ if recognis$2 & t
 8 eyes w\ld fall1 & 8 col\r w\ld m\nt1 
if he he>d 8 "n ev5 :isp]$ 9 pass+ along
 ! /reets4 #ahab  ,nor w\ld x at fir/   
sight h be5 suppos$ t ,"l ,byron 0      
affect$ ) %yness1 & yet he 0 a victim to
 x2 8 biograph] relat+ t1 :ile on a     
visit to ,mrs4 ,pigot1 at ,s\?well1 :5  
he saw /rang]s approa*+1 he w\ld        
in/antly jump out ( ! w9d[1 & escape on 
to ! lawn to avoid !m4  ,b a /ill m     

rec5t & /rik+ in/ance is t ( ! late     
,ar*bi%op ,:ately1 :o1 9 ! e>ly "p ( 8  
life1 0 pa9fully oppress$ by ! s5se (   
%yness4 ,:5 at ,ox=d1 8 :ite r\gh coat &
 :ite hat obta9$ = him ! s\briquet ( ,! 
,:ite ,be>2 & 8 mann]s1 accord+ to 8 own
 acc\nt ( himself1 correspond$ ) !      
appellation4 ,he 0 direct$1 by way (    
rem$y1 to copy ! example ( ! be/-mann]$ 
m5 he met 9 society2 b ! attempt to d   
?is only increas$ 8 %yness1 & he fail$4 
,he f\nd t he 0 all ! :ile ?9k+ (       
himself1 r ?an ( o!rs2 :]eas ?9k+ (     
o!rs1 r ?an ( "o's self1 is ( ! true    
ess5ce ( polit5ess4  ,f9d+ t he 0 mak+  
no progress1 ,:ately 0 driv5 to utt]    
despair2 & !n he said to himself3 ,:y   
%\ld ,i endure ?is torture all my life  
to no purpose8 ,i w\ld be> x /ill if !re
 0 any success to be hop$ =2 b s9ce !re 
is n1 ,i w die quietly1 )\t tak+ any m  
doses4 ,i h tri$ my v utmo/1 & f9d t ,i 
mu/ be z awkw>d z a be> all my life1 9  
spite ( x4 ,i w endeav\r to ?9k z little
 ab\t x z a be>1 & make up my m9d to    

endure :at c't be cur$4 ,f ?is "t =? he 
/ruggl$ to %ake (f all consci\sness z to
 mann]1 & to disreg>d c5sure z mu* z    
possible4 ,9 adopt+ ?is c\rse1 he says3 
,i succe$$ beyond my expectations2 = ,i 
n only got rid ( ! p]sonal suff]+ (     
%yness1 b also ( mo/ ( ^? faults ( mann]
 :i* consci\sness produces2 & acquir$ at
 once an easy & natural mann]--c>eless1 
inde$1 9 ! extreme1 f its orig9at+ 9 a  
/]n defiance ( op9ion1 :i* ,i _h conv9c$
 myself mu/ be ev] aga9/ me2 r\gh &     
awkw>d1 = smoo?ness & grace are q out ( 
my way1 &1 ( c\rse1 tutorially p$antic2 
b unconsci\s1 & !re=e giv+ expression to
 t goodwill t[>ds m5 :i* ,i really feel2
 & ^!1 ,i believe1 are ! ma9 po9ts4     
#ahac  ,wa%+ton1 :o 0 an ,engli%man 9 8 
l9eage1 0 also "o 9 8 %yness4 ,he is    
describ$ incid5tally by ,mr4 ,josiah    
,qu9cy1 z a little /iff 9 8 p]son1 n a  
little =mal 9 8 mann]1 & n p>ticul>ly at
 ease 9 ! pres5ce ( /rang]s4 ,he _h !   
air ( a c\ntry g5tleman n accu/om$ to   
mix mu* 9 society1 p]fectly polite1 b n 

easy 9 8 address & conv]sation1 & n     
graceful 9 8 movem5ts4  ,al?\gh we are n
 accu/om$ to ?9k ( mod]n ,am]icans z %y1
 ! mo/ di/+ui%$ ,am]ican au?or ( our "t 
0 probably ! %ye/ ( m54 ,na?aniel       
,haw?orne 0 %y to ! ext5t ( morbidity4  
,we h obs]v$ him1 :5 a /rang] ent]$ !   
room :]e he 01 turn 8 back = ! purpose (
 avoid+ recognition4 ,& yet1 :5 ! cru/ (
 8 %yness 0 brok51 no man c\ld be m     
cordial & g5ial ?an ,haw?orne4  ,we     
obs]ve a rem>k 9 "o ( ,haw?orne's       
lately-publi%$ ',notebooks1' #ahad t on 
"o occasion he met ,mr4 ,helps 9        
society1 & f\nd him cold4 ,& d\btless   
,mr4 ,helps ?\ght ! same ( him4 ,x 0    
only ! case ( two %y m5 meet+1 ea* ?9k+ 
! o!r /iff & res]v$1 & p>t+ be=e _!     
mutual film ( %yness _h be5 remov$ by a 
little fri5dly int]c\rse4 ,be=e pron\nc+
 a ha/y judgm5t 9 su* cases1 x w\ld be  
well to be> 9 m9d ! motto ( ,helvetius1 
:i* ,b5?am says prov$ su* a real        
treasure to him3 ,,p\r ,,aim] ,,les     
,,hommes1 ,,il ,,faut ,,att5dre ,,peu4  

,we h ?us f> spok5 ( %yness z a defect4 
,b !re is ano!r way ( look+ at x2 = ev5 
%yness has its bright side1 & conta9s an
 elem5t ( good4 ,%y m5 & %y races are   
ungraceful & undemon/rative1 because1 z 
reg>ds society at l>ge1 !y are          
comp>atively unsociable4 ,!y d n possess
 ^? elegances ( mann]1 acquir$ by free  
int]c\rse1 :i* di/+ui% ! social races1  
because _! t5d5cy is to %un society r   
?an to seek x4 ,!y are %y 9 ! pres5ce ( 
/rang]s1 & %y ev5 9 _! own families4 ,!y
 hide _! affections "u a robe ( res]ve1 
& :5 !y d give way to _! feel+s1 x is   
only 9 "s v hidd5 inn]-*amb]4 ,& yet !  
feel+s ,,are !re1 & n ! less heal?y &   
g5u9e t !y are n made ! subject (       
exhibition to o!rs4  ,x 0 n a little    
*>act]i/ic ( ! anci5t ,g]mans1 t ! m    
social & demon/rative peoples by :om !y 
7 surr\nd$ %\ld h *>act]is$ !m z !      
,,niemec1 or ,dumb m54 ,& ! same        
designation might equally apply to !    
mod]n ,engli%1 z comp>$1 = example1 ) _!
 nimbl]1 m communicative & vocal1 & 9   

all respects m social neighb\rs1 ! mod]n
 ,fr5* & ,iri%4  ,b !re is "o *>act]i/ic
 :i* m>ks ! ,engli% p1 z x did ! races f
 :i* !y h ma9ly sprung1 & t is _! int5se
 love ( ,home4 ,give ! ,engli%man a     
home1 & he is comp>atively indiff]5t to 
society4 ,= ! sake ( a hold+ :i* he c   
call 8 own1 he w cross ! seas1 plant    
himself on ! prairie or amid/ ! primeval
 =e/1 & make = himself a home4 ,!       
solitude ( ! wild]ness has no fe>s =    
him2 ! society ( 8 wife & family is     
suffici5t1 & he c>es = no o!r4 ,h5ce x  
is t ! p ( ,g]manic orig91 f :om !      
,engli% & ,am]icans h alike sprung1 make
 ! be/ ( coloniz]s1 & are n[ rapidly    
ext5d+ !mselves z emigrants & settl]s 9 
all p>ts ( ! habitable globe4  ,! ,fr5* 
h nev] made any progress z coloniz]s1   
ma9ly because ( _! int5se social        
in/9cts--! secret ( _! graces (         
mann]1--& because !y c nev] =get t !y   
are ,fr5*m54 #ahae ,x seem$ at "o "t )9 
! limits ( probability t ! ,fr5* w\ld   
occupy ! great] "p ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican   

cont95t4 ,f ,l[] ,canada _! l9e ( =ts   
ext5d$ up ! ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 & f ,fond du  
,lac on ,lake ,sup]ior1 along ! ,riv]   
,/4 ,croix1 all d[n ! ,mississippi1 to  
its m\? at ,new ,orleans4 ,b ! great1   
self-reliant1 indu/ri\s ,niemec1 f a    
fr+e ( settlem5ts along ! seacoa/1      
sil5tly ext5d$ we/w>d1 settl+ & plant+  
!mselves ev]y:]e solidly ^u ! soil2 &   
ne>ly all t n[ rema9s ( ! orig9al ,fr5* 
occupation ( ,am]ica1 is ! ,fr5* colony 
( ,acadia1 9 ,l[] ,canada4  ,& ev5 !re  
we f9d "o ( ! mo/ /rik+ illu/rations ( t
 int5se sociability ( ! ,fr5* :i* keeps 
!m toge!r1 & prev5ts _! spread+ ov] &   
plant+ !mselves firmly 9 a new c\ntry1 z
 x is ! in/9ct ( ! m5 ( ,teutonic race  
to d4 ,:ile1 9 ,upp] ,canada1 ! coloni/s
 ( ,engli% & ,scot* desc5t p5etrate !   
=e/ & ! wild]ness1 ea* settl] liv+1 x   
may be1 miles ap>t f 8 ne>e/ neighb\r1 !
 ,l[] ,canadians ( ,fr5* desc5t cont9ue 
clu/]$ toge!r 9 villages1 usually       
consi/+ ( a l9e ( h\ses on ei!r side ( !
 road1 beh9d :i* ext5d _! long /rips (  

f>m-l&1 divid$ & subdivid$ to an extreme
 t5uity4 ,!y will+ly submit to all !    
inconv5i5ces ( ?is me?od ( f>m+ = ! sake
 ( ea* o!r's society1 r ?an betake      
!mselves to ! solit>y backwoods1 z      
,engli%1 ,g]mans1 & ,am]icans s readily 
d4 ,inde$1 n only does ! ,am]ican       
backwoodsman become accu/om$ to         
solitude1 b he pref]s x4 ,& 9 ! ,we/]n  
,/ates1 :5 settl]s come too ne> him1 & !
 c\ntry seems to become ov]cr[d$1 he    
retreats be=e ! advance ( society1 &1   
pack+ up 8 ?+s 9 a waggon1 he sets out  
*e]fully1 ) 8 wife & family1 to f\nd =  
himself a new home 9 ! ,f> ,we/4  ,?us !
 ,teuton1 because ( 8 v %yness1 is !    
true coloniz]4 ,engli%1 ,scot*1 ,g]mans1
 & ,am]icans are alike ready to accept  
solitude1 provid$ !y c b e/abli% a home 
& ma9ta9 a family4 ,?us _! comp>ative   
indiff]5ce to society has t5d$ to spread
 ?is race ov] ! e>?1 to till & to subdue
 x2 :ile ! int5se social in/9cts ( !    
,fr5*1 ?\gh issu+ 9 mu* great]          
gracefulness ( mann]1 has /ood 9 _! way 

z coloniz]s2 s t1 9 ! c\ntries 9 :i* !y 
h plant$ !mselves--z 9 ,algi]s &        
else:]e--!y h rema9$ little m ?an       
g>risons4 #ahaf  ,!re are o!r qualities 
besides ^!1 :i* gr[ out ( ! comp>ative  
unsociabl5ess ( ! ,engli%man4 ,8 %yness 
?r[s him back ^u himself1 & r5d]s him   
self-reliant & self-dep5d5t4 ,society n 
be+ ess5tial to 8 happ9ess1 he takes    
refuge 9 read+1 9 /udy1 9 inv5tion2 or  
he f9ds pleasure 9 indu/rial "w1 &      
becomes ! be/ ( me*anics4 ,he does n fe>
 to entru/ himself to ! solitude ( !    
ocean1 & he becomes a fi%]man1 a sailor1
 a discov]]4 ,s9ce ! e>ly ,nor?m5 sc\r$ 
! nor!rn seas1 discov]$ ,am]ica1 & s5t  
_! fleets along ! %ores ( ,europe & up !
 ,m$it]ranean1 ! seaman%ip ( ! m5 (     
,teutonic race has always be5 9 !       
asc5dant4  ,! ,engli% are in>ti/ic = !  
same reason t !y are unsociable4 ,!y may
 make good coloni/s1 sailors1 &         
me*anics2 b !y d n make good s+]s1      
danc]s1 actors1 arti/es1 or modi/es4 ,!y
 nei!r dress well1 act well1 speak well1

 nor write well4 ,!y want /yle--!y want 
elegance4 ,:at !y h to d !y d 9 a       
/raight=w>d mann]1 b )\t grace4 ,?is 0  
/rik+ly exhibit$ at an ,int]national    
,cattle ,exhibition held at ,p>is a few 
ye>s ago4 ,at ! close ( ! ,exhibition1 !
 competitors came up ) ! prize animals  
to receive ! prizes4 ,fir/ came a gay & 
gallant ,spani>d1 a magnific5t man1     
beautifully dress$1 :o receiv$ a prize (
 ! l[e/ class ) an air & attitude t w\ld
 h become a gr&ee ( ! highe/ ord]4 ,!n  
came ,fr5*m5 & ,italians1 full ( grace1 
polit5ess1 & ,,*ic--!mselves elegantly  
dress$1 & _! animals decorat$ to ! horns
 ) fl[]s & col\r$ ribbons h>moni\sly    
bl5d$4 ,& la/ ( all came ! exhibitor :o 
0 to receive ! fir/ prize--a sl\*+ man1 
pla9ly dress$1 ) a pair ( f>m]'s gait]s 
on1 & )\t ev5 a fl[] 9 8 buttonhole4 ,:o
 is he8 ask$ ! spectators4 ,:y1 he is ! 
,engli%man1 0 ! reply4 ,! ,engli%man6--t
 ! repres5tative ( a great c\ntry6 0 !  
g5]al exclamation4 ,b x 0 ! ,engli%man  
all ov]4 ,he 0 s5t !re1 n to exhibit    

himself1 b to %[ ! be/ bea/1 & he did x1
 c>ry+ away ! fir/ prize4 ,yet he w\ld h
 be5 no?+ ! worse = ! fl[] 9 8          
buttonhole4  ,to rem$y ?is admitt$      
defect ( grace & want ( arti/ic ta/e 9 !
 ,engli% p1 a s*ool has sprung up among/
 u = ! m g5]al diffusion ( f9e art4 ,!  
,beautiful has n[ its tea*]s & prea*]s1 
& by "s x is almo/ reg>d$ 9 ! light ( a 
religion4 ,! ,beautiful is ! ,good--,!  
,beautiful is ! ,true--,! ,beautiful is 
! prie/ ( ! ,b5evol5t1 are among _!     
texts4 ,x is believ$ t by ! /udy ( art !
 ta/es ( ! p may be improv$2 t by       
contemplat+ objects ( beauty _! nature w
 become purifi$2 & t by be+ !reby )drawn
 f s5sual enjoym5ts1 _! "* w be ref9$ & 
elevat$4  ,b ?\gh su* culture is        
calculat$ to be elevat+ & purify+ 9 a   
c]ta9 degree1 we mu/ n expect too mu* f 
x4 ,grace is a sweet5] & embelli%] (    
life1 & z su* is wor?y ( cultivation4   
,music1 pa9t+1 danc+1 & ! f9e arts1 are 
all s\rces ( pleasure2 & ?\gh !y may n  
be s5sual1 yet !y are s5su\s1 & (t5 no?+

 m4 ,! cultivation ( a ta/e = beauty (  
=m or col\r1 ( s\nd or attitude1 has no 
necess>y effect ^u ! cultivation ( ! m9d
 or ! developm5t ( ! "*4 ,!             
contemplation ( f9e works ( art w       
d\btless improve ! ta/e1 & excite       
admiration2 b a s+le noble action done 9
 ! sight ( m5 w m influ5ce ! m9d1 &     
/imulate ! "* to imitation1 ?an ! sight 
( miles ( /atu>y or acres ( pictures4 ,=
 x is m9d1 s\l1 & he>t--n ta/e or art--t
 make m5 great4  ,x is inde$ d\btful    
:e!r ! cultivation ( art--:i* usually   
m9i/]s to luxury--has done s mu* = human
 progress z is g5]ally suppos$4 ,x is   
ev5 possible t its too exclusive culture
 may effem9ate r ?an /r5g!n ! "*1 by    
lay+ x m op5 to ! temptations ( ! s5ses4
 ,x is ! nature ( ! imag9ative temp]am5t
 cultivat$ by ! arts1 says ,sir ,h5ry   
,taylor1 to und]m9e ! c\rage1 &1 by     
abat+ /r5g? ( "*1 to r5d] m5 m easily   
subs]vi5t--,,sequaces1 ,,c]eos1 ,,et    
,,ad ,,m&ata ,,ductiles4 #ahag ,! gift (
 ! arti/ greatly diff]s f t ( ! ?9k]2 8 

highe/ idea is to m\ld 8 subject--:e!r x
 be ( pa9t+1 or music1 or               
lit]ature--into t p]fect grace ( =m 9   
:i* ?\ght #ah;x may n be ( ! deepe/ f9ds
 its apo!osis & immortality4  ,art has  
usually fl\ri%$ mo/ dur+ ! decad5ce (   
nations1 :5 x has be5 hir$ by weal? z ! 
m9i/] ( luxury4 ,exquisite art & degrad+
 corruption 7 contempor>y 9 ,greece z   
well z 9 ,rome4 ,phidias & ,ikt9os _h   
sc>cely complet$ ! ,p>!non1 :5 ! glory (
 ,a!ns _h dep>t$2 ,phidias di$ 9 prison2
 & ! ,sp>tans set up 9 ! city !         
memorials ( _! own triumph & ( ,a!nian  
defeat4 ,x 0 ! same 9 anci5t ,rome1 :]e 
art 0 at its greate/ height :5 ! p 7 9  
_! mo/ degrad$ condition4 ,n]o 0 an     
arti/1 z well z ,domitian1 two ( !      
greate/ mon/]s ( ! ,empire4 ,if !       
,beautiful _h be5 ! ,good1 ,commodus mu/
 h be5 "o ( ! be/ ( m54 ,b accord+ to   
hi/ory he 0 "o ( ! wor/4  ,aga91 !      
greate/ p]iod ( mod]n ,roman art 0 t 9  
:i* ,pope ,leo ,x4 fl\ri%$1 ( ^: reign x
 has be5 said1 t pr(ligacy &            

lic5ti\sness prevail$ among/ ! p &      
cl]gy1 z !y _h done almo/ uncontroll$   
ev] s9ce ! pontificate ( ,alex&] ,,vi4  
,9 l mann]1 ! p]iod at :i* art rea*$ its
 highe/ po9t 9 ! ,l[ ,c\ntries 0 t :i*  
imm$iately succe$$ ! de/ruction ( civil 
& religi\s lib]ty1 & ! pro/ration ( !   
national life "u ! despotism ( ,spa94   
,if art c\ld elevate a nation1 & !      
contemplation ( ,! ,beautiful 7         
calculat$ to make m5 ,! ,good--!n ,p>is 
ought to conta9 a population ( ! wise/ &
 be/ ( human be+s4 ,rome also is a great
 city ( art2 & yet !re1 ! ,,virtus or   
val\r ( ! anci5t ,romans has            
*>act]i/ically deg5]at$ into ,,v]tu1 or 
a ta/e = knicknacks2 :il/1 accord+ to   
rec5t acc\nts1 ! city itself is         
inexpressibly f\l4 #ahah  ,art w\ld     
sometimes ev5 appe> to h a close        
connection ) dirt2 & x is said ( ,mr4   
,rusk91 t :5 se>*+ = works ( art 9      
,v5ice1 8 att5dant 9 8 explorations w\ld
 sniff an ill-od\r1 & :5 x 0 /rong w\ld 
say1 ,n[ we are com+ to some?+ v old &  

f9e6--mean+ 9 art4 #ahai ,a little      
common education 9 cleanl9ess1 :]e x is 
want+1 w\ld probably be mu* m improv+1 z
 well z :olesome1 ?an any am\nt (       
education 9 f9e art4 ,ruffles are all v 
well1 b x is folly to cultivate !m to ! 
neglect ( ! %irt4  ,:il/1 !re=e1 grace (
 mann]1 polit5ess ( behavi\r1 elegance (
 demean\r1 & all ! arts t contribute to 
make life pleasant & beautiful1 are     
wor?y ( cultivation1 x mu/ n be at !    
exp5se ( ! m solid & endur+ qualities ( 
hone/y1 s9c]ity1 & tru?fulness4 ,!      
f\nta9 ( beauty mu/ be 9 ! he>t2 m ?an 9
 ! eye1 & if art d n t5d to produce     
beautiful life & noble practice1 x w be 
( comp>atively little avail4 ,polit5ess 
( mann] is n wor? mu*1 unless accompani$
 by polite action4 ,grace may be b      
sk9-deep--v pleasant & attractive1 & yet
 v he>tless4 ,art is a s\rce ( innoc5t  
enjoym5t1 & an important aid to high]   
culture2 b unless x leads to high]      
culture1 x w probably be m]ely s5su\s4  
,& :5 art is m]ely s5su\s1 x is enfeebl+

 & demoraliz+ r ?an /r5g!n+ or elevat+4 
,hone/ c\rage is ( great] wor? ?an any  
am\nt ( grace2 purity is bett] ?an      
elegance2 & cleanl9ess ( body1 m9d1 &   
he>t1 ?an any am\nt ( f9e art4  ,9 f9e1 
:ile ! cultivation ( ! graces is n to be
 neglect$1 x %\ld ev] be held 9 m9d t   
!re is some?+ f> high] & nobl] to be    
aim$ at--great] ?an pleasure1 great] ?an
 art1 great] ?an weal?1 great] ?an p[]1 
great] ?an intellect1 great] ?an        
g5ius--& t is1 purity & excell5ce ( "*4 
,)\t a solid /]l+ basis ( individual    
goodness1 all ! grace1 elegance1 & art 9
 ! _w w\ld fail to save or to elevate a 
p4     ,,*apt] ,x--,,companion%ip ,,(   
,,books4                                
,books1 we "k1       ,are a sub/antial  
_w1 bo? pure & good1       ,r\nd :i*1 ) 
t5drils /rong z fle% & blood1       ,our
 pa/ime & our happ9ess c                
gr[4--,,wordswor?4       ,n only 9 !    
common spee* ( m51 b 9 all art too--    
:i* is or %\ld be ! conc5trat$ & cons]v$
 ess5ce      ( :at m5 c speak &         

%[--,biography is almo/ ! "o      ?+    
ne$ful --,,c>lyle4        ,i read all   
biographies ) int5se int]e/4 ,ev5 a man 
)\t a he>t1 l ,cav5di%1 ,i ?9k ab\t1 &  
read      ab\t1 & dream ab\t1 & picture 
to myself 9 all      possible ways1 till
 he gr[s into a liv+ be+ beside me1     
& ,i put my feet into 8 %oes1 & become =
 ! "t      ,cav5di%1 & ?9k z he ?\ght1 &
 d z he did4      --,,george ,,wilson4  
,my ?\ghts are ) ! dead2 ) !m           
,i live 9 long-pa/ ye>s2           ,_!  
virtues love1 _! faults condemn2        
,p>take _! hopes & fe>s2           ,& f 
_! lessons seek & f9d                   
,in/ruction ) a humble m9d4--,,s\!y4  ,a
 man may usually be kn[n by ! books he  
reads1 z well z by ! company he keeps2 =
 !re is a companion%ip ( books z well z 
( m52 & "o %\ld always live 9 ! be/     
company1 :e!r x be ( books or ( m54  ,a 
good book may be among ! be/ ( fri5ds4  
,x is ! same to-day t x always 01 & x w 
nev] *ange4 ,x is ! mo/ pati5t & *e]ful 
( companions4 ,x does n turn its back ^u

 u 9 times ( adv]sity or di/ress4 ,x    
always receives u ) ! same k9dness2     
amus+ & in/ruct+ u 9 y\?1 & com=t+ &    
consol+ u 9 age4  ,m5 (t5 discov] _!    
aff9ity to ea* o!r by ! mutual love !y h
 = a book--j z two p]sons sometimes     
discov] a fri5d by ! admiration :i* bo? 
ent]ta9 = a ?ird4 ,!re is an old prov]b1
 ,love me1 love my dog4 ,b !re is m     
wisdom 9 ?is3 ,love me1 love my book4 ,!
 book is a tru] & high] bond ( union4   
,m5 c ?9k1 feel1 & sympa?ise ) ea* o!r  
?r\gh _! fav\rite au?or4 ,!y live 9 him 
toge!r1 & he 9 !m4  ,books1 said        
,hazlitt1 w9d into ! he>t2 ! poet's v]se
 slides into ! curr5t ( our blood4 ,we  
read !m :5 "y1 we rememb] !m :5 old4 ,we
 read !re ( :at has happ5$ to o!rs2 we  
feel t x has happ5$ to ourselves4 ,!y   
are to be _h ev]y:]e *eap & good4 ,we   
brea! b ! air ( books4 ,we owe ev]y?+ to
 _! au?ors1 on ?is side b>b>ism4  ,a    
good book is (t5 ! be/ urn ( a life1    
en%r9+ ! be/ ?\ghts ( :i* t life 0      
capable2 = ! _w ( a man's life is1 = !  

mo/ "p1 b ! _w ( 8 ?\ghts4 ,?us ! be/   
books are treasuries ( good words &     
gold5 ?\ghts1 :i*1 rememb]$ & *]i%$1    
become our abid+ companions & com=t]s4  
,!y are nev] alone1 said ,sir ,philip   
,sidney1 t are accompani$ by noble      
?\ghts4 ,! good & true ?\ght may 9 "t ( 
temptation be z an angel ( m]cy purify+ 
& gu>d+ ! s\l4 ,x also en%r9es ! g]ms ( 
action1 = good words almo/ inv>iably    
inspire to good works4  ,?us ,sir ,h5ry 
,lawr5ce priz$ above all o!r            
compositions ,wordswor?'s ',"* ( !      
,happy ,w>rior1' :i* he endeav\r$ to    
embody 9 8 own life4 ,x 0 ev] be=e him z
 an exempl>4 ,he ?\ght ( x cont9ually1 &
 (t5 quot$ x to o!rs4 ,8 biograph] says3
 ,he tri$ to con=m 8 own life & to      
assimilate 8 own "* to x2 & he succe$$1 
z all m5 succe$ :o are truly 9 e>ne/4   
#aia  ,books possess an ess5ce (        
immortality4 ,!y are by f> ! mo/ la/+   
products ( human ef=t4 ,temples crumble 
into ru92 pictures & /atues decay2 b    
books survive4 ,"t is ( no acc\nt )     

great ?\ghts1 :i* are z fre% to-day z :5
 !y fir/ pass$ ?r\gh _! au?ors' m9ds    
ages ago4 ,:at 0 !n said & ?\ght /ill   
speaks to u z vividly z ev] f ! pr9t$   
page4 ,! only effect ( "t has be5 to    
sift & w9n[ out ! bad products2 = no?+ 9
 lit]ature c long survive b :at is      
really good4 #aib  ,books introduce u   
into ! be/ society2 !y br+ u into !     
pres5ce ( ! greate/ m9ds t h ev] liv$4  
,we he> :at !y said & did2 we see !m z  
if !y 7 really alive2 we are            
p>ticipators 9 _! ?\ghts2 we sympa?ise )
 !m1 enjoy ) !m1 grieve ) !m2 _!        
exp]i5ce becomes ours1 & we feel z if we
 7 9 a measure actors ) !m 9 ! sc5es :i*
 !y describe4  ,! great & good d n die1 
ev5 9 ?is _w4 ,embalm$ 9 books _!       
spirits walk abroad4 ,! book is a liv+  
voice4 ,x is an intellect to :i* "o /ill
 li/5s4 ,h5ce we ev] rema9 "u ! influ5ce
 ( ! great m5 ( old3           ,! dead b
 sceptr$ sovrans1 :o /ill rule          
,our spirits f _! urns4  ,! imp]ial     
intellects ( ! _w are z mu* alive n[ z  

!y 7 ages ago4 ,hom] /ill lives2 & ?\gh 
8 p]sonal hi/ory is hidd5 9 ! mi/s (    
antiquity1 8 poems are z fre% to-day z  
if !y _h be5 newly writt54 ,plato /ill  
tea*es 8 transc5d5t philosophy2 ,horace1
 ,virgil1 & ,dante /ill s+ z :5 !y liv$2
 ,%akspe>e is n dead3 8 body 0 buri$ 9  
#afaf1 b 8 m9d is z mu* alive 9 ,engl&  
n[1 & 8 ?\ght z f>-rea*+1 z 9 ! "t ( !  
,tudors4  ,! humble/ & poore/ may ent] !
 society ( ^! great spirits )\t be+     
?\ght intrusive4 ,all :o c read h got ! 
,,entree4 ,w\ld y laugh8--,c]vantes or  
,rabelais w laugh ) y4 ,d y grieve8--!re
 is ,?omas a ,kempis or ,j]emy ,taylor  
to grieve ) & console y4 ,always x is to
 books1 & ! spirits ( great m5 embalm$ 9
 !m1 t we turn1 = ent]ta9m5t1 =         
in/ruction & solace--9 joy & 9 sorr[1 z 
9 prosp]ity & 9 adv]sity4  ,man himself 
is1 ( all ?+s 9 ! _w1 ! mo/ int]e/+ to  
man4 ,:atev] relates to human life--its 
exp]i5ces1 its joys1 its suff]+s1 & its 
a*ievem5ts--has usually attractions =   
him beyond all else4 ,ea* man is m or   

less int]e/$ 9 all o!r m5 z 8           
fell[-creatures--z memb]s ( ! great     
family ( humank9d2 & ! l>g] a man's     
culture1 ! wid] is ! range ( 8 sympa?ies
 9 all t affects ! welf>e ( 8 race4     
,m5's int]e/ 9 ea* o!r z individuals    
manife/s itself 9 a ?\s& ways--9 !      
portraits :i* !y pa9t1 9 ! bu/s :i* !y  
c>ve1 9 ! n>ratives :i* !y relate ( ea* 
o!r4 ,man1 says ,em]son1 c pa9t1 or     
make1 or ?9k1 no?+ b ,man4 ,mo/ ( all is
 ?is int]e/ %[n 9 ! fasc9ation :i*      
p]sonal hi/ory possesses = him4 ,man s  
sociality ( nature1 says ,c>lyle1 ev9ces
 itself1 9 spite ( all t c be said1 )   
abundance ( evid5ce1 by ?is "o fact1 7  
!re no o!r3 ! unspeakable delight he    
takes 9 ,biography4  ,great1 inde$1 is !
 human int]e/ felt 9 biography6 ,:at are
 all ! novels t f9d su* multitudes (    
read]s1 b s _m fictiti\s biographies8   
,:at are ! dramas t p cr[d to see1 b s  
mu* act$ biography8 ,/range t ! highe/  
g5ius %\ld be employ$ on ! fictiti\s    
biography1 & s mu* commonplace ability  

on ! real6  ,yet ! au!ntic picture ( any
 human be+'s life & exp]i5ce ought to   
possess an int]e/ greatly beyond t :i*  
is fictiti\s1 inasmu* z x has ! *>m (   
reality4 ,e p]son may le>n some?+ f !   
record$ life ( ano!r2 & ev5 comp>atively
 trivial de$s & say+s may be inve/$ )   
int]e/1 z be+ ! outcome ( ! lives ( su* 
be+s z we ourselves are4  ,! records ( !
 lives ( good m5 are especially useful4 
,!y influ5ce our he>ts1 inspire u )     
hope1 & set be=e u great examples4 ,& :5
 m5 h done _! duty ?r\gh life 9 a great 
_s1 _! influ5ce w nev] :olly pass away4 
,! good life1 says ,george ,h]b]t1 is   
nev] out ( season4  ,goe! has said t !re
 is no man s commonplace t a wise man   
may n le>n some?+ f him4 ,sir ,walt]    
,scott c\ld n travel 9 a coa* )\t glean+
 "s in=mation or discov]+ "s new trait (
 "* 9 8 companions4 #aic ,dr4 ,johnson  
once obs]v$ t !re 0 n a p]son 9 ! /reets
 b he %\ld l to "k 8 biography--8       
exp]i5ces ( life1 8 trials1 8           
difficulties1 8 successes1 & 8 failures4

 ,h[ mu* m truly might ?is be said ( !  
m5 :o h made _! m>k 9 ! _w's hi/ory1 & h
 creat$ = u t great inh]itance (        
civilization ( :i* we are ! possessors6 
,:atev] relates to su* m5--to _! habits1
 _! mann]s1 _! modes ( liv+1 _! p]sonal 
hi/ory1 _! conv]sation1 _! maxims1 _!   
virtues1 or _! greatness--is always full
 ( int]e/1 ( in/ruction1 ( enc\ragem5t1 
& ( example4  ,! great lesson (         
,biography is to %[ :at man c be & d at 
8 be/4 ,a noble life put fairly on      
record acts l an inspiration to o!rs4 ,x
 exhibits :at life is capable ( be+     
made4 ,x refre%es our _s1 enc\rages our 
hopes1 gives u new /r5g? & c\rage &     
fai?--fai? 9 o!rs z well z 9 ourselves4 
,x /imulates our aspirations1 r\ses u to
 action1 & incites u to become co-p>tn]s
 ) !m 9 _! "w4 ,to live ) su* m5 9 _!   
biographies1 & to be inspir$ by _!      
example1 is to live ) ! be/ ( m51 & to  
mix 9 ! be/ ( company4  ,at ! head ( all
 biographies /&s ! ,great ,biography1 ! 
,book ( ,books4 ,& :at is ! ,bible1 !   

mo/ sacr$ & impressive ( all books--!   
educator ( y\?1 ! guide ( manhood1 & !  
consol] ( age--b a s]ies ( biographies (
 great h]oes & patri>*s1 prophets1 k+s1 
& judges1 culm9at+ 9 ! greate/ biography
 ( all1 ! ,life embodi$ 9 ! ,new        
,te/am5t8 ,h[ mu* h ! great examples !re
 set =? done = mank9d6 ,h[ _m h drawn f 
!m _! true/ /r5g?1 _! highe/ wisdom1 _! 
be/ nurture & admonition6 ,truly does a 
great ,roman ,ca?olic writ] describe !  
,bible z a book ^: words live 9 ! e> l a
 music t c nev] be =gott5--l ! s\nd (   
*ur* bells :i* ! conv]t h>dly kn[s h[ he
 c =ego4 ,its felicities (t5 seem to be 
almo/ ?+s r ?an m]e words4 ,x is "p ( ! 
national m9d1 & ! an*or ( national      
s]i\sness4 ,! memory ( ! dead passes    
into x1 ,! pot5t traditions ( *ildhood  
are /]eotyp$ 9 its v]ses4 ,! p[] ( all !
 griefs & trials ( man is hidd5 b5ea?   
its words4 ,x is ! repres5tative ( 8 be/
 mom5ts1 & all t has be5 ab\t him ( s(t1
 & g5tle1 & pure1 & p5it5t1 & good1     
speaks to him = ev] out ( 8 ,engli%     

,bible4 ,x is 8 sacr$ ?+1 :i* d\bt has  
nev] dimm$ & controv]sy nev] soil$4 ,9 !
 l5g? & bread? ( ! l& !re is n a        
,prote/ant ) "o sp>k ( religi\sness ab\t
 him ^: spiritual biography is n 9 8    
,saxon ,bible4 #aid  ,x w\ld1 inde$1 be 
difficult to ov]e/imate ! influ5ce :i* !
 lives ( ! great & good h ex]cis$ ^u !  
elevation ( human "*4 ,! be/ biography1 
says ,isaac ,disraeli1 is a reunion )   
human exi/5ce 9 its mo/ excell5t /ate4  
,inde$1 x is impossible = "o to read !  
lives ( good m51 mu* less inspir$ m51   
)\t be+ unconsci\sly light$ & lift$ up 9
 !m1 & gr[+ ins5sibly ne>] to :at !y    
?\ght & did4 ,& ev5 ! lives ( humbl]    
p]sons1 ( m5 ( fai?ful & hone/ _s1 :o h 
done _! duty 9 life well1 are n )\t an  
elevat+ influ5ce ^u ! "* ( ^? :o come   
aft] !m4  ,hi/ory itself is be/ /udi$ 9 
biography4 ,inde$1 hi/ory is            
biography--collective humanity z        
influ5c$ & gov]n$ by individual m54 ,:at
 is all hi/ory1 says ,em]son1 b ! "w (  
ideas1 a record ( ! incomp>able en]gy   

:i* 8 inf9ite aspirations infuse into   
man8 ,9 its pages x is always p]sons we 
see m ?an pr9ciples4 ,hi/orical ev5ts   
are int]e/+ to u ma9ly 9 connection ) ! 
feel+s1 ! suff]+s1 & int]e/s ( ^? by :om
 !y are accompli%$4 ,9 hi/ory we are    
surr\nd$ by m5 long dead1 b ^: spee* &  
^: de$s survive4 ,we almo/ cat* ! s\nd (
 _! voices2 & :at !y did con/itutes !   
int]e/ ( hi/ory4 ,we nev] feel p]sonally
 int]e/$ 9 masses ( m52 b we feel &     
sympa?ise ) ! individual actors1 ^:     
biographies af=d ! f9e/ & mo/ real t\*es
 9 all great hi/orical dramas4  ,among !
 great writ]s ( ! pa/1 probably ! two t 
h be5 mo/ influ5tial 9 =m+ ! *>act]s (  
great m5 ( action & great m5 ( ?\ght1 h 
be5 ,plut>* & ,montaigne--! "o by       
pres5t+ h]oic models = imitation1 ! o!r 
by prob+ que/ions ( con/ant recurr5ce 9 
:i* ! human m9d 9 all ages has tak5 !   
deepe/ int]e/4 ,& ! works ( bo? are = ! 
mo/ "p ca/ 9 a biographic =m1 _! mo/    
/rik+ illu/rations consi/+ 9 !          
exhibitions ( "* & exp]i5ce :i* !y      

conta94  ,plut>*'s ',lives1' ?\gh writt5
 ne>ly eighte5 hundr$ ye>s ago1 l       
,hom]'s ',iliad1' /ill holds its gr\nd z
 ! greate/ "w ( its k9d4 ,x 0 ! fav\rite
 book ( ,montaigne2 & to ,engli%m5 x    
possesses ! special int]e/ ( hav+ be5   
,%akspe>e's pr9cipal au?ority 9 8 great 
classical dramas4 ,montaigne pron\nc$   
,plut>* to be ! greate/ ma/] 9 t k9d (  
writ+--! biographic2 & he decl>$ t he   
c\ld no soon] ca/ an eye ^u him b he    
purlo9$ ei!r a leg or a w+4  ,alfi]i 0  
fir/ drawn ) passion to lit]ature by    
read+ ,plut>*4 ,i read1 said he1 ! lives
 ( ,timoleon1 ,caes>1 ,brutus1          
,pelopidas1 m ?an six times1 ) cries1 ) 
te>s1 & ) su* transports1 t ,i 0 almo/  
furi\s4444 ,e "t t ,i met ) "o ( ! gr&  
traits ( ^! great m51 ,i 0 seiz$ ) su*  
vehem5t agitation z to be unable to sit 
/ill4 ,plut>* 0 also a fav\rite ) p]sons
 ( su* v>i\s m9ds z ,s*ill] & ,b5jam9   
,frankl91 ,napoleon & ,madame ,rol&4 ,! 
latt] 0 s fasc9at$ by ! book t %e c>ri$ 
x to *ur* ) h] 9 ! guise ( a missal1 &  

read x surreptiti\sly dur+ ! s]vice4  ,x
 has also be5 ! nurture ( h]oic s\ls su*
 z ,h5ry ,,iv4 ( ,france1 ,tur5ne1 & !  
,napi]s4 ,x 0 "o ( ,sir ,william        
,napi]'s fav\rite books :5 a boy4 ,8 m9d
 0 e>ly imbu$ by x ) a passionate       
admiration = ! great h]oes ( antiquity2 
& its influ5ce _h1 d\btless1 mu* to d ) 
! =mation ( 8 "*1 z well z ! direction (
 8 c>e] 9 life4 ,x is relat$ ( him1 t 9 
8 la/ illness1 :5 feeble & exhau/$1 8   
m9d w&]$ back to ,plut>*'s h]oes2 & he  
descant$ = h\rs to 8 son-9-law on !     
mighty de$s ( ,alex&]1 ,hannibal1 &     
,caes>4 ,inde$1 if x 7 possible to poll 
! great body ( read]s 9 all ages ^: m9ds
 h be5 influ5c$ & direct$ by books1 x is
 probable t--except+ always ! ,bible--! 
imm5se majority ( votes w\ld be ca/ 9   
fav\r ( ,plut>*4  ,& h[ is x t ,plut>*  
has succe$$ 9 excit+ an int]e/ :i*      
cont9ues to attract & rivet ! att5tion (
 read]s ( all ages & classes to ?is day8
 ,9 ! fir/ place1 because ! subject ( 8 
"w is great m51 :o occupi$ a prom95t    

place 9 ! _w's hi/ory1 & because he _h  
an eye to see & a p5 to describe ! m    
prom95t ev5ts & circum/ances 9 _! lives4
 ,& n only s1 b he possess$ ! p[] (     
portray+ ! individual "* ( 8 h]oes2 = x 
is ! pr9ciple ( individuality :i* gives 
! *>m & int]e/ to all biography4 ,! mo/ 
engag+ side ( great m5 is n s mu* :at !y
 d z :at !y are1 & does n dep5d ^u _!   
p[] ( intellect b on _! p]sonal         
attractiv5ess4 ,?us1 !re are m5 ^: lives
 are f> m eloqu5t ?an _! spee*es1 & ^:  
p]sonal "* is f> great] ?an _! de$s4  ,x
 is also to be obs]v$1 t :ile ! be/ &   
mo/ c>efully-drawn ( ,plut>*'s portraits
 are ( life-size1 _m ( !m are little m  
?an bu/s4 ,!y are well-proportion$ b    
compact1 & )9 su* reasonable compass t !
 be/ ( !m--su* z ! lives ( ,caes> &     
,alex&]--may be read 9 half an h\r4     
,r$uc$ to ?is measure1 !y are1 h[ev]1   
greatly m impos+ ?an a lifeless         
,colossus1 or an exagg]at$ giant4 ,!y   
are n ov]laid by disquisition &         
description1 b ! *>act]s naturally      

unfold !mselves4 ,montaigne1 inde$1     
compla9$ ( ,plut>*'s brevity4 ,no d\bt1 
he add$1 b 8 reputation is ! bett] = x1 
?\gh 9 ! meantime we are ! worse4       
,plut>* w\ld r we %\ld applaud 8 judgm5t
 ?an comm5d 8 k1 & _h r leave u ) an    
appetite to read m ?an glutt$ ) :at we h
 already read4 ,he knew v well t a man  
may say too mu* ev5 on ! be/            
subjects4444 ,su* z h lean & sp>e bodies
 /uff !mselves out ) clo!s2 s !y :o are 
defective 9 matt]1 endeav\r to make     
am5ds ) words4 #aie  ,plut>* possess$ ! 
art ( del9eat+ ! m delicate features (  
m9d & m9ute peculi>ities ( conduct1 z   
well z ! foibles & defects ( 8 h]oes1   
all ( :i* is necess>y to fai?ful &      
accurate portraiture4 ,to see him1 says 
,montaigne1 pick out a light action 9 a 
man's life1 or a ^w1 t does n seem to be
 ( any importance1 is itself a :ole     
disc\rse4 ,he ev5 condesc5ds to in=m u (
 su* homely p>ticul>s z t ,alex&] c>ri$ 
8 head affect$ly on "o side2 t          
,alcibiades 0 a d&y1 & _h a lisp1 :i*   

became him1 giv+ a grace & p]suasive    
turn to 8 disc\rse2 t ,cato _h r$ hair &
 gray eyes1 & 0 a usur] & a screw1 sell+
 (f 8 old slaves :5 !y became unfit =   
h>d "w2 t ,caes> 0 bald & fond ( gay    
dress2 & t ,cic]o #ail ,"l ,br\gham _h  
involunt>y twit*+s ( 8 nose4  ,su* m9ute
 p>ticul>s may by "s be ?\ght b5ea? !   
dignity ( biography1 b ,plut>* ?\ght !m 
requisite = ! due f9i% ( ! complete     
portrait :i* he set himself to draw2 & x
 is by small details ( "*--p]sonal      
traits1 features1 habits1 &             
*>act]i/ics--t we are enabl$ to see be=e
 u ! m5 z !y really liv$4 ,plut>*'s     
great m]it consi/s 9 8 att5tion to ^!   
little ?+s1 )\t giv+ !m undue           
prepond]ance1 or neglect+ ^? :i* are (  
great] mom5t4 ,sometimes he hits (f an  
individual trait by an anecdote1 :i*    
?r[s m light ^u ! "* describ$ ?an pages 
( rhetorical description w\ld d4 ,9 "s  
cases1 he gives u ! fav\rite maxim ( 8  
h]o2 & ! maxims ( m5 (t5 reveal _!      
he>ts4  ,!n1 z to foibles1 ! greate/ (  

m5 are n visually symmetrical4 ,ea* has 
8 defect1 8 twi/1 8 craze2 & x is by 8  
faults t ! great man reveals 8 common   
humanity4 ,we may1 at a di/ance1 admire 
him z a demigod2 b z we come ne>] to    
him1 we f9d t he is b a fallible man1 & 
our bro!r4 #aif  ,nor are ! illu/rations
 ( ! defects ( great m5 )\t _! uses2 =1 
z ,dr4 ,johnson obs]v$1 ,if no?+ b !    
bright side ( *>act]s 7 %[n1 we %\ld sit
 d[n 9 despond5cy1 & ?9k x utt]ly       
impossible to imitate !m 9 any?+4       
,plut>*1 himself ju/ifies 8 me?od (     
portraiture by av]r+ t 8 design 0 n to  
write hi/ories1 b lives4 ,! mo/ glori\s 
exploits1 he says1 d n always furni% u )
 ! cle>e/ discov]ies ( virtue or ( vice 
9 m54 ,sometimes a matt] ( mu* less     
mom5t1 an expression or a je/1 bett]    
in=ms u ( _! *>act]s & incl9ations ?an  
battles ) ! slaught] ( t5s ( ?\s&s1 & ! 
greate/ arrays ( armies or sieges (     
cities4 ,!re=e1 z portrait-pa9t]s are m 
exact 9 _! l9es & features ( ! face & ! 
expression ( ! eyes1 9 :i* ! "* is se51 

)\t tr\bl+ !mselves ab\t ! o!r p>ts ( ! 
body1 s ,i mu/ be all[$ to give my m    
p>ticul> att5tion to ! signs &          
indications ( ! s\ls ( m52 & :ile ,i    
endeav\r by ^! means to portray _!      
lives1 ,i leave important ev5ts & great 
battles to be describ$ by o!rs4  ,?+s   
app>5tly trifl+ may /& = mu* 9 biography
 z well z hi/ory1 & slight circum/ances 
may influ5ce great results4 ,pascal has 
rem>k$1 t if ,cleopatra's nose _h be5   
%ort]1 ! :ole face ( ! _w w\ld probably 
h be5 *ang$4 ,b = ! am\rs ( ,pep9 !     
,fat1 ! ,s>ac5s might h ov]run ,europe2 
z x 0 8 illegitimate son1 ,*>les ,m>tel1
 :o ov]?rew !m at ,t\rs1 & ev5tually    
drove !m out ( ,france4  ,t ,sir ,walt] 
,scott %\ld h spra9$ 8 foot 9 runn+ r\nd
 ! room :5 a *ild1 may seem unwor?y (   
notice 9 8 biography2 yet ',ivanhoe1'   
',old ,mortality1' & all ! ,wav]ley     
novels dep5d$ ^u x4 ,:5 8 son intimat$ a
 desire to ent] ! army1 ,scott wrote to 
,s\!y1 ,i h no title to combat a *oice  
:i* w\ld h be5 my own1 _h n my lam5ess  

prev5t$4 ,s t1 _h n ,scott be5 lame1 he 
might h f\ght all ?r\gh ! ,p59sul> ,w>1 
& _h 8 brea/ cov]$ ) m$als2 b we %\ld   
probably h _h none ( ^? works ( 8 :i* h 
made 8 "n immortal1 & %$ s mu* glory ^u 
8 c\ntry4 ,talleyr& also 0 kept out ( ! 
army1 = :i* he _h be5 de/9$1 by 8       
lam5ess2 b direct+ 8 att5tion to ! /udy 
( books1 & ev5tually ( m51 he at l5g?   
took rank among/ ! greate/ diplomati/s (
 8 "t4  ,byron's clubfoot _h probably n 
a little to d ) det]m9+ 8 de/9y z a     
poet4 ,_h n 8 m9d be5 embitt]$ & made   
morbid by 8 de=mity1 he might nev] h    
writt5 a l9e--he might h be5 ! noble/   
fop ( 8 day4 ,b 8 mis%ap5 foot /imulat$ 
8 m9d1 r\s$ 8 ard\r1 ?rew him ^u 8 own  
res\rces--& we "k ) :at result4  ,s1    
too1 ( ,sc>ron1 to ^: hun*back we       
probably owe 8 cynical v]se2 & ( ,pope1 
^: satire 0 9 a measure ! outcome ( 8   
de=mity--= he 01 z ,johnson describ$    
him1 protub]ant beh9d & be=e4 ,:at ,"l  
,bacon said ( de=mity is d\btless1 to a 
great ext5t1 true4 ,:oev]1 said he1 ha? 

any?+ fix$ 9 8 p]son t do? induce       
contempt1 ha? also a p]petual spur 9    
himself to rescue & deliv] himself f    
scorn2 !re=e1 all de=m$ p]sons are      
extremely bold4  ,z 9 portraiture1 s 9  
biography1 !re mu/ be light & %ade4 ,!  
portrait-pa9t] does n pose 8 sitt] s z  
to br+ out 8 de=mities2 nor does !      
biograph] give undue prom95ce to !      
defects ( ! "* he portrays4 ,n _m m5 are
 s outspok5 z ,cromwell 0 :5 he sat to  
,coop] = 8 m9iature3 ,pa9t me z ,i am1  
said he1 w>ts & all4 ,yet1 if we w\ld h 
a fai?ful lik5ess ( faces & *>act]s1 !y 
mu/ be pa9t$ z !y are4 ,biography1 said 
,sir ,walt] ,scott1 ! mo/ int]e/+ ( e   
species ( composition1 loses all its    
int]e/ ) me :5 ! %ades & lights ( !     
pr9cipal *>act]s are n accurately &     
fai?fully detail$4 ,i c no m sympa?ise )
 a m]e eulogi/1 ?an ,i c ) a rant+ h]o  
on ! /age4 #aig  ,addison lik$ to "k z  
mu* z possible ab\t ! p]son & "* ( 8    
au?ors1 inasmu* z x increas$ ! pleasure 
& satisfaction :i* he d]iv$ f ! p]usal (

 _! books4 ,:at 0 _! hi/ory1 _!         
exp]i5ce1 _! temp] & disposition8 ,did  
_! lives resemble _! books8 ,!y ?\ght   
nobly--did !y act nobly8 ,%\ld we n     
delight1 says ,sir ,eg]ton ,brydges1 to 
h ! frank /ory ( ! lives & feel+s (     
,wordswor?1 ,s\!y1 ,col]idge1 ,campbell1
 ,rog]s1 ,moore1 & ,wilson1 relat$ by   
!mselves8--) :om !y liv$ e>ly2 h[ _! b5t
 took a decid$ c\rse2 _! likes &        
dislikes2 _! difficulties & ob/acles2 _!
 ta/es1 _! passions2 ! rocks !y 7       
consci\s ( hav+ split ^u2 _! regrets1 _!
 complac5cies1 & _! self-ju/ifications8 
#aih  ,:5 ,mason 0 reproa*$ = publi%+ ! 
private lett]s ( ,gray1 he answ]$1 ,w\ld
 y always h my fri5ds appe> 9           
full-dress8 ,johnson 0 ( op9ion t to    
write a man's life truly1 x is necess>y 
t ! biograph] %\ld h p]sonally kn[n him4
 ,b ?is condition has be5 want+ 9 "s ( !
 be/ writ]s ( biographies extant4 #aii  
,9 ! case ( ,"l ,campbell1 8 p]sonal    
intimacy ) ,lords ,lyndhur/ & ,br\gham  
seems to h be5 a positive disadvantage1 

lead+ him to dw>f ! excell5ces & to     
magnify ! blots 9 _! *>act]s4 ,aga91    
,johnson says3 ,if a man pr(ess to write
 a life1 he mu/ write x really z x 04 ,a
 man's peculi>ities1 & ev5 8 vices1 %\ld
 be m5tion$1 because !y m>k 8 "*4 ,b !re
 is always ?is difficulty1--t :ile m9ute
 details ( conduct1 fav\rable or        
o!rwise1 c be/ be giv5 f p]sonal k1 !y  
_c always be publi%$1 out ( reg>d = !   
liv+2 & :5 ! "t arrives :5 !y may at    
l5g? be told1 !y are !n no long]        
rememb]$4 ,johnson himself express$ ?is 
reluctance to tell all he knew ( ^?     
poets :o _h be5 8 contempor>ies1 say+ t 
he felt z if walk+ ^u a%es "u :i* ! fire
 0 n ext+ui%$4  ,= ?is reason1 among/   
o!rs1 we r>ely obta9 an unv>ni%$ picture
 ( "* f ! ne> relatives ( di/+ui%$ m52  
&1 int]e/+ ?\gh all autobiography is1   
/ill less c we expect x f ! m5 !mselves4
 ,9 writ+ 8 own memoirs1 a man w n tell 
all t he kn[s ab\t himself4 ,augu/9e 0 a
 r>e exception1 b few !re are :o w1 z he
 did 9 8 ',confessions1' lay b>e _!     

innate vici\sness1 deceitfulness1 &     
selfi%ness4 ,!re is a ,highl& prov]b :i*
 says1 t if ! be/ man's faults 7 writt5 
on 8 =ehead he w\ld pull 8 bonnet ov] 8 
br[4 ,!re is no man1 said ,voltaire1 :o 
has n some?+ hateful 9 him--no man :o   
has n "s ( ! wild bea/ 9 him4 ,b !re are
 few :o w hone/ly tell u h[ !y manage _!
 wild bea/4 ,r\sseau pret5d$ to unbosom 
himself 9 8 ',confessions2' b x is      
manife/ t he held back f> m ?an he      
reveal$4 ,ev5 ,*am=t1 "o ( ! la/ m5 to  
fe> :at 8 contempor>ies might ?9k or say
 ( him1 once obs]v$3--,x seems to me    
impossible1 9 ! actual /ate ( society1 =
 any man to exhibit 8 secret he>t1 !    
details ( 8 "* z kn[n to himself1 &1    
above all1 8 weaknesses & 8 vices1 to   
ev5 8 be/ fri5d4  ,an autobiography may 
be true s f> z x goes2 b 9 communicat+  
only "p ( ! tru?1 x may convey an       
impression t is really false4 ,x may be 
a disguise--sometimes x is an           
apology--exhibit+ n s mu* :at a man     
really 01 z :at he w\ld h lik$ to be4 ,a

 portrait 9 pr(ile may be correct1 b :o 
kn[s :e!r "s sc> on ! (f-*eek1 or "s    
squ9t 9 ! eye t is n se51 might n h     
entirely alt]$ ! expression ( ! face if 
br\ght into sight8 ,scott1 ,moore1      
,s\!y1 all began autobiographies1 b !   
task ( cont9u+ !m 0 d\btless felt to be 
too difficult z well z delicate1 & !y 7 
ab&on$4  ,fr5* lit]ature is especially  
ri* 9 a class ( biographic memoirs1 (   
:i* we h few c\nt]p>ts 9 ,engli%4 ,we   
ref] to _! ,,memoires ,,p\r ,,s]vir1 su*
 z ^? ( ,sully1 ,de ,com9es1 ,lauzun1   
,de ,retz1 ,de ,?\1 ,ro*ef\calt1 c41 9  
:i* we h record$ an imm5se mass ( m9ute 
& circum/antial in=mation relative to _m
 great p]sonages ( hi/ory4 ,!y are full 
( anecdotes illu/rative ( life & "*1 & (
 details :i* might be call$ frivol\s1 b 
t !y ?r[ a flood ( light on ! social    
habits & g5]al civilisation ( ! p]iods  
to :i* !y relate4 ,! ,,memoires (       
,sa9t-,simon are some?+ m3 !y are       
m>vell\s dissections ( "*1 & con/itute !
 mo/ extraord9>y collection ( anatomical

 biography t has ev] be5 br\ght toge!r4 
,sa9t-,simon might almo/ be reg>d$ 9 !  
light ( a po/hum\s c\rt-spy ( ,l\is !   
,f\rte5?4 ,he 0 possess$ by a passion = 
read+ "*1 & endeav\r+ to deciph] motives
 & int5tions 9 ! faces1 expressions1    
conv]sation1 & byplay ( ^? ab\t him4 ,i 
exam9e all my p]sonages closely1 said   
he--wat* _! m\?1 eyes1 & e>s con/antly4 
,& :at he he>d & saw he not$ d[n )      
extraord9>y vividness & da%4 ,acute1    
ke51 & obs]vant1 he pi]c$ ! masks ( !   
c\rti]s1 & detect$ _! secrets4 ,! ard\r 
) :i* he prosecut$ 8 fav\rite /udy ( "* 
seem$ insatiable1 & ev5 cruel4 ,! eag]  
anatomi/1 says ,sa9te-,beuve1 0 n m     
ready to plunge ! scalpel into !        
/ill-palpitat+ bosom 9 se>* ( ! disease 
t _h baffl$ him4  ,la ,bruy]e possess$ !
 same gift ( accurate & p5etrat+        
obs]vation ( "*4 ,he wat*$ & /udi$      
ev]ybody ab\t him4 ,he s\ght to read _! 
secrets2 &1 retir+ to 8 *amb]1 he       
delib]ately pa9t$ _! portraits1 return+ 
to !m f "t to "t to correct "s prom95t  

feature--hang+ ov] !m z fondly z an     
arti/ ov] "s fav\rite /udy--add+ trait  
to trait1 & t\* to t\*1 until at l5g? ! 
picture 0 complete & ! lik5ess p]fect4  
,x may be said t mu* ( ! int]e/ (       
biography1 especially ( ! m famili>     
sort1 is ( ! nature ( gossip2 z t ( !   
,,memoires ,,p\r ,,s]vir is ( ! nature (
 sc&al1 :i* is no d\bt true4 ,b bo?     
gossip & sc&al illu/rate ! /r5g? ( !    
int]e/ :i* m5 & wom5 take 9 ea* o!r's   
p]sonality2 & :i*1 exhibit$ 9 ! =m (    
biography1 is capable ( communicat+ !   
highe/ pleasure1 & yield+ ! be/         
in/ruction4 ,inde$ biography1 because x 
is in/9ct ( humanity1 is ! bran* (      
lit]ature :i*--:e!r 9 ! =m ( fiction1 ( 
anecdotal recollection1 or ( p]sonal    
n>rative--is ! "o t inv>iably comm5ds   
itself to by f> ! l>ge/ class ( read]s4 
,!re is no room = d\bt t ! surpass+     
int]e/ :i* fiction1 :e!r 9 poetry or    
prose1 possesses = mo/ m9ds1 arises     
ma9ly f ! biographic elem5t :i* x       
conta9s4 ,hom]'s ',iliad' owes its      

m>vell\s popul>ity to ! g5ius :i* its   
au?or display$ 9 ! portrayal ( h]oic "*4
 ,yet he does n s mu* describe 8        
p]sonages 9 detail z make !m develope   
!mselves by _! actions4 ,!re are 9      
,hom]1 said ,dr4 ,johnson1 su* *>act]s (
 h]oes & comb9ation ( qualities ( h]oes1
 t ! unit$ p[]s ( mank9d ev] s9ce h n   
produc$ any b :at are to be f\nd !re4   
,! g5ius ( ,%akspe>e also 0 display$ 9 !
 p[]ful del9eation ( "*1 & ! dramatic   
evolution ( human passions4 ,8 p]sonages
 seem to be real--liv+ & brea?+ be=e u4 
,s too ) ,c]vantes1 ^: ,san*o ,panza1   
?\gh homely & vulg>1 is int5sely human4 
,! *>act]s 9 ,le ,sage's ',gil ,blas1' 9
 ,goldsmi?'s ',vic> ( ,wakefield1' & 9  
,scott's m>vell\s mu/]-roll1 seem to u  
almo/ z real z p]sons :om we h actually 
kn[n2 & ,de ,foe's greate/ works are b s
 _m biographies1 pa9t$ 9 m9ute detail1 )
 reality s app>5tly /amp$ ^u e page1 t x
 is difficult to believe 8 ,rob9son     
,crusoe & ,colonel ,jack to h be5       
fictiti\s in/ead ( real p]sons4  ,?\gh !

 ri*e/ romance lies enclos$ 9 actual    
human life1 & ?\gh biography1 because x 
describes be+s :o h actually felt ! joys
 & sorr[s1 & exp]i5c$ ! difficulties &  
triumphs1 ( real life1 is capable ( be+ 
made m attractive1 ?an ! mo/ p]fect     
fictions ev] wov51 x is rem>kable t s   
few m5 ( g5ius h be5 attract$ to !      
composition ( works ( ?is k9d4 ,great   
works ( fiction ab\nd1 b great          
biographies may be c\nt$ on ! f+]s4 ,x  
may be = ! same reason t a great pa9t] (
 portraits1 ! late ,john ,philip1       
,r4,a41 expla9$ 8 pref]5ce =            
subject-pa9t+1 because1 said he1        
,portrait-pa9t+ does n pay4 ,biographic 
portraiture involves labori\s           
inve/igation & c>eful collection (      
facts1 judici\s rejection & skilful     
cond5sation1 z well z ! art ( pres5t+ ! 
"* portray$ 9 ! mo/ attractive &        
lifelike =m2 :]eas1 9 ! "w ( fiction1 ! 
writ]'s imag9ation is free to create &  
to portray "*1 )\t be+ trammell$ by     
ref]5ces1 or held d[n by ! actual       

details ( real life4  ,!re is1 inde$1 no
 want among u ( pond]\s b lifeless      
memoirs1 _m ( !m little bett] ?an       
inv5tories1 put toge!r ) ! help ( !     
scissors z mu* z ( ! p54 ,:at ,con/able 
said ( ! portraits ( an inf]ior         
arti/--,he takes all ! bones & bra9s out
 ( 8 heads--applies to a l>ge class (   
portraiture1 writt5 z well z pa9t$4 ,!y 
h no m life 9 !m ?an a piece ( waxwork1 
or a clo!s-dummy at a tailor's door4    
,:at we want is a picture ( a man z he  
liv$1 & lo6 we h an exhibition ( !      
biograph] himself4 ,we expect an embalm$
 he>t1 & we f9d only clo!s4  ,!re is    
d\btless z high art display$ 9 pa9t+ a  
portrait 9 words1 z !re is 9 pa9t+ "o 9 
col\rs4 ,to d ei!r well requires ! see+ 
eye & ! skilful p5 or bru%4 ,a common   
arti/ sees only ! features ( a face1 &  
copies !m2 b ! great arti/ sees ! liv+  
s\l %9+ ?r\gh ! features1 & places x on 
! canvas4 ,johnson 0 once ask$ to assi/ 
! *apla9 ( a deceas$ bi%op 9 writ+ a    
memoir ( 8 lord%ip2 b :5 he proce$$ to  

inquire = in=mation1 ! *apla9 c\ld      
sc>cely tell him any?+4 ,h5ce ,johnson 0
 l$ to obs]ve t few p :o h liv$ ) a man 
"k :at to rem>k ab\t him4  ,9 ! case (  
,johnson's own life1 x 0 ! see+ eye (   
,boswell t enabl$ him to note & treasure
 up ^? m9ute details ( habit &          
conv]sation 9 :i* s mu* ( ! int]e/ (    
biography consi/s4 ,boswell1 because ( 8
 simple love & admiration ( 8 h]o1      
succe$$ :]e probably great] m5 w\ld h   
fail$4 ,he desc5d$ to app>5tly          
insignificant1 b yet mo/ *>act]i/ic1    
p>ticul>s4 ,?us he apologizes = in=m+ ! 
read] t ,johnson1 :5 j\rney+1 c>ri$ 9 8 
h& a l>ge ,engli% oak-/ick3 add+1 ,i    
rememb] ,dr4 ,adam ,smi?1 9 8 rhetorical
 lectures at ,glasg[1 told u he 0 glad  
to "k t ,milton wore lat*ets 9 8 %oes   
in/ead ( buckles4 ,boswell lets u "k h[ 
,johnson look$1 :at dress he wore1 :at 0
 8 talk1 :at 7 8 prejudices4 ,he pa9t$  
him ) all 8 sc>s1 & a wond]ful portrait 
x is--p]haps ! mo/ complete picture ( a 
great man ev] limn$ 9 words4  ,b = !    

accid5t ( ! ,scot* advocate's intimacy )
 ,johnson1 & 8 devot$ admiration ( him1 
! latt] w\ld n probably h /ood ne>ly s  
high 9 lit]ature z he n[ does4 ,x is 9 !
 pages ( ,boswell t ,johnson really     
lives2 & b = ,boswell1 he might h rema9$
 little m ?an a "n4 ,o!rs !re are :o h  
bequea!d great works to po/]ity1 b ( ^: 
lives next to no?+ is kn[n4 ,:at w\ld we
 n give to h a ,boswell's acc\nt (      
,%akspe>e8 ,we positively "k m ( !      
p]sonal hi/ory ( ,socrates1 ( ,horace1 (
 ,cic]o1 ( ,augu/9e1 ?an we d ( t (     
,%akspe>e4 ,we d n "k :at 0 8 religion1 
:at 7 8 politics1 :at 7 8 exp]i5ces1 :at
 7 8 relations to 8 contempor>ies4 ,! m5
 ( 8 own "t d n seem to h recognis$ 8   
greatness2 & ,b5 ,jonson1 ! c\rt poet1  
^: blank-v]se ,%akspe>e 0 cont5t to     
commit to memory & recite z an actor1   
/ood high] 9 popul> e/imation4 ,we only 
"k t he 0 a successful !atrical manag]1 
& t 9 ! prime ( life he retir$ to 8     
native place1 :]e he di$1 & _h ! hon\rs 
( a village fun]al4 ,! great] "p ( !    

biography :i* has be5 con/ruct$ respect+
 him has be5 ! result1 n ( contempor>y  
obs]vation or ( record1 b ( inf]5ce4 ,! 
be/ inn] biography ( ! man is to be f\nd
 9 8 sonnets4  ,m5 d n always take an   
accurate measure ( _! contempor>ies4 ,! 
/atesman1 ! g5]al1 ! mon>* ( to-day     
fills all eyes & e>s1 ?\gh to ! next    
g5]ation he may be z if he _h nev] be54 
,& :o is k+ to-day8 ! pa9t] ,greuze w\ld
 ask ( 8 daught]1 dur+ ! ?roes ( ! fir/ 
,fr5* ,revolution1 :5 m51 great = ! "t1 
7 sudd5ly ?r[n to ! surface1 & z sudd5ly
 dropt out ( sight aga91 nev] to        
reappe>4 ,& :o is k+ to-day8 ,aft] all1 
,greuze w\ld add1 ,citiz5 ,hom] &       
,citiz5 ,raphael w outlive ^? great     
citiz5s ( ours1 ^: names ,i h nev] be=e 
he>d (4 ,yet ( ! p]sonal hi/ory ( ,hom] 
no?+ is kn[n1 & ( ,raphael comp>atively 
little4 ,ev5 ,plut>*1 :o wrote ! lives (
 o!rs3 s well1 has no biography1 none ( 
! em95t ,roman writ]s :o 7 8            
contempor>ies hav+ s mu* z m5tion$ 8 "n4
 ,& s ( ,correggio1 :o del9eat$ !       

features ( o!rs s well1 !re is n kn[n to
 exi/ an au!ntic portrait4  ,!re h be5  
m5 :o greatly influ5c$ ! life ( _! "t1  
^: reputation has be5 mu* great] )      
po/]ity ?an x 0 ) _! contempor>ies4 ,(  
,wickliffe1 ! patri>* ( ! ,re=mation1   
our k is extremely small4 ,he 0 b z a   
voice cry+ 9 ! wild]ness4 ,we d n really
 "k :o 0 ! au?or ( ',! ,imitation (     
,*ri/'--a book t has _h an imm5se       
circulation1 & ex]cis$ a va/ religi\s   
influ5ce 9 all ,*ri/ian c\ntries4 ,x is 
usually attribut$ to ,?omas a ,kempis b 
!re is reason to believe t he 0 m]ely   
its translator1 & ! book t is really    
kn[n to be 81 #aiaj is 9 all respects s 
inf]ior1 t x is difficult to believe t  
',! ,imitation' proce$$ f ! same p54 ,x 
is consid]$ m probable t ! real au?or 0 
,john ,g]son1 ,*ancellor ( ! ,univ]sity 
( ,p>is1 a mo/ le>n$ & dev\t man1 :o di$
 9 #adbi4  ,"s ( ! greate/ m5 ( g5ius h 
_h ! %orte/ biographies4 ,( ,plato1 "o (
 ! great fa!rs ( moral philosophy1 we h 
no p]sonal acc\nt4 ,if he _h wife &     

*ildr51 we he> no?+ ( !m4 ,ab\t ! life (
 ,ari/otle !re is ! greate/ div]sity (  
op9ion4 ,"o says he 0 a ,jew2 ano!r1 t  
he only got 8 in=mation f a ,jew3 "o    
says he kept an apo!c>y's %op2 ano!r1 t 
he 0 only ! son ( a physician3 "o       
alleges t he 0 an a!i/2 ano!r1 t he 0 a 
,tr9it>ian1 & s =?4 ,b we "k almo/ z    
little ) respect to _m m5 ( comp>atively
 mod]n times4 ,?us1 h[ little d we "k ( 
! lives ( ,sp5s]1 au?or ( ',! ,fa]ie    
,que51' & ( ,butl]1 ! au?or (           
',hudibras1' beyond ! fact t !y liv$ 9  
comp>ative obscurity1 & di$ 9 extreme   
pov]ty6 ,h[ little1 comp>atively1 d we  
"k ( ! life ( ,j]emy ,taylor1 ! gold5   
prea*]1 ( :om we %\ld l to h kn[n s mu*6
  ,! au?or ( ',philip ,van ,artevelde'  
has said t ! _w kn[s no?+ ( its greate/ 
m54 ,& d\btless oblivion has enwrapt 9  
its folds _m great m5 :o h done great   
de$s1 & be5 =gott54 ,augu/9e speaks (   
,romanianus z ! greate/ g5ius t ev]     
liv$1 & yet we "k no?+ ( him b 8 "n2 he 
is z mu* =gott5 z ! build]s ( !         

,pyramids4 ,gordiani's epitaph 0 writt5 
9 five languages1 yet x suffic$ n to    
rescue him f oblivion4  ,_m1 inde$1 are 
! lives wor?y ( record t h rema9$       
unwritt54 ,m5 :o h writt5 books h be5 ! 
mo/ =tunate 9 ?is respect1 because !y   
possess an attraction = lit]>y m5 :i* ^?
 ^: lives h be5 embodi$ 9 de$s d n      
possess4 ,?us !re h be5 lives writt5 (  
,poets ,laureate :o 7 m]e m5 ( _! "t1 & 
( _! "t only4 ,dr4 ,johnson includes "s 
( !m 9 8 ',lives ( ! ,poets1' su* z     
,edmund ,smi? & o!rs1 ^: poems are n[ no
 long] kn[n4 ,! lives ( "s m5 (         
lett]s--su* z ,goldsmi?1 ,swift1 ,/]ne1 
& ,/eele--h be5 writt5 aga9 & aga91 :il/
 great m5 ( action1 m5 ( sci5ce1 & m5 ( 
indu/ry1 are left )\t a record4 #aiaa   
,we h said t a man may be kn[n by !     
company he keeps 9 8 books4 ,let u      
m5tion a few ( ! fav\rites ( ! be/-kn[n 
m54 ,plut>*'s admir]s h already be5     
ref]r$ to4 ,montaigne also has be5 !    
companion ( mo/ m$itative m54 ,al?\gh   
,%akspe>e mu/ h /udi$ ,plut>* c>efully1 

inasmu* z he copi$ f him freely1 ev5 to 
8 v words1 x is rem>kable t ,montaigne  
is ! only book :i* we c]ta9ly "k to h   
be5 9 ! poet's libr>y2 "o ( ,%akspe>e's 
exi/+ autographs hav+ be5 f\nd 9 a copy 
( ,florio's translation ( ',! ,essays1' 
:i* also conta9s1 on ! flyleaf1 !       
autograph ( ,b5 ,jonson4  ,milton's     
fav\rite books 7 ,hom]1 ,ovid1 &        
,euripides4 ,! latt] book 0 also !      
fav\rite ( ,*>les ,james ,fox1 :o reg>d$
 ! /udy ( x z especially useful to a    
public speak]4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,pitt took 
especial delight 9 ,milton--:om ,fox did
 n appreciate--tak+ pleasure 9 recit+1 f
 ',p>adise ,lo/1' ! gr& spee* ( ,belial 
be=e ! assembl$ p[]s ( ,p&emonium4      
,ano!r ( ,pitt's fav\rite books 0       
,newton's ',pr9cipia4' ,aga91 ! ,e>l (  
,*a?am's fav\rite book 0 ',b>r['s       
,s]mons1' :i* he read s (t5 z to be able
 to repeat !m f memory2 :ile ,burke's   
companions 7 ,demo/h5es1 ,milton1       
,bol+broke1 & ,"y's ',night ,?\ghts4'   
,curran's fav\rite 0 ,hom]1 :i* he read 

?r\gh once a ye>4 ,virgil 0 ano!r ( 8   
fav\rites2 8 biograph]1 ,phillips1 say+ 
t he once saw him read+ ! ',a5eid' 9 !  
cab9 ( a ,holyhead packet1 :ile e "o    
ab\t him 0 pro/rate by seasickness4  ,( 
! poets1 ,dante's fav\rite 0 ,virgil2   
,corneille's 0 ,lucan2 ,s*ill]'s 0      
,%akspe>e2 ,gray's 0 ,sp5s]2 :il/       
,col]idge admir$ ,coll9s & ,b[les4      
,dante himself 0 a fav\rite ) mo/ great 
poets1 f ,*auc] to ,byron & ,t5nyson4   
,"l ,br\gham1 ,macaulay1 & ,c>lyle h    
alike admir$ & eulogiz$ ! great         
,italian4 ,! =m] advis$ ! /ud5ts at     
,glasg[ t1 next to ,demo/h5es1 ! /udy ( 
,dante 0 ! be/ prep>ative = ! eloqu5ce (
 ! pulpit or ! b>4 ,rob]t ,hall s\ght   
relief 9 ,dante f ! rack+ pa9s ( sp9al  
disease2 & ,sydney ,smi? took to ! same 
poet = com=t & solace 9 8 old age4 ,x 0 
*>act]i/ic ( ,goe! t 8 fav\rite book    
%\ld h be5 ,sp9oza's ',e?ics1' 9 :i* he 
said he _h f\nd a peace & consolation   
su* z he _h be5 able to f9d 9 no o!r "w4
 #aiab  ,b>r['s fav\rite 0 ,/4          

,*ryso/om2 ,bossuet's 0 ,hom]4 ,bunyan's
 0 ! old leg5d ( ,sir ,bevis (          
,s\?ampton1 :i* 9 all probability gave  
him ! fir/ idea ( 8 ',pilgrim's         
,progress4' ,"o ( ! be/ prelates t ev]  
sat on ! ,engli% b5*1 ,dr4 ,john ,%>p1  
said--,%akspe>e & ! ,bible h made me    
,ar*bi%op ( ,york4 ,! two books :i* mo/ 
impress$ ,john ,wesley :5 a "y man1 7   
',! ,imitation ( ,*ri/' & ,j]emy        
,taylor's ',holy ,liv+ & ,dy+4' ,yet    
,wesley 0 accu/om$ to caution 8 "y      
fri5ds aga9/ ov]mu* read+4 ,bew>e y be n
 swall[$ up 9 books1 he w\ld say to !m2 
an ounce ( love is wor? a p\nd ( k4     
,wesley's own ,life has be5 a great     
fav\rite ) _m ?\ghtful read]s4 ,col]idge
 says1 9 8 preface to ,s\!y's ',life (  
,wesley1' t x 0 m (t5 9 8 h&s ?an any   
o!r 9 8 ragg$ book-regim5t4 ,to ?is "w1 
& to ! ,life ( ,ri*>d ,baxt]1 he says1  
,i 0 us$ to resort :5ev] sickness &     
languor made me feel ! want ( an old    
fri5d ( ^: company ,i c\ld nev] be tir$4
 ,h[ _m & _m an h\r ( self-oblivion d ,i

 owe to ?is ,life ( ,wesley2 & h[ (t5 h 
,i argu$ ) x1 que/ion$1 remon/rat$1 be5 
peevi%1 & ask$ p>don2 !n aga9 li/5$1 &  
cri$1 ',"r6 ,excell5t6' & 9 yet heavi]  
h\rs entreat$ x1 z x 71 to cont9ue talk+
 to me2 = t ,i he>d & li/5$1 & 0 soo!d1 
?\gh ,i c\ld make no reply6 #aiac       
,s\met _h only a v few hooks 9 8 libr>y1
 b !y 7 ( ! be/--,hom]1 ,virgil1 ,dante1
 ,camo5s1 ,tasso1 & ,milton4 ,de        
,qu9cey's fav\rite few 7 ,donne1        
,*ill+wor?1 ,j]emy ,taylor1 ,milton1    
,s\?1 ,b>r[1 & ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne4 ,he  
describ$ ^! writ]s z a pleiad or        
con/ellation ( sev5 gold5 />s1 su* z 9  
_! class no lit]ature c mat*1 & f ^:    
works he w\ld und]take to build up an   
entire body ( philosophy4  ,fr$]ick !   
,great ( ,prussia manife/$ 8 /rong ,fr5*
 lean+s 9 8 *oice ( books2 8 pr9cipal   
fav\rites be+ ,bayle1 ,r\sseau1         
,voltaire1 ,roll91 ,fleury1 ,malebran*e1
 & "o ,engli% au?or--,locke4 ,8 especial
 fav\rite 0 ,bayle's ,diction>y1 :i* 0 !
 fir/ book t laid hold ( 8 m9d2 & he    

?\ght s highly ( x1 t he himself made an
 abridgm5t & translation ( x into       
,g]man1 :i* 0 publi%$4 ,x 0 a say+ (    
,fr$]ick's1 t books make up no small "p 
( true happ9ess4 ,9 8 old age he said1  
,my late/ passion w be = lit]ature4  ,x 
seems odd t ,m>%al ,blu*]'s fav\rite    
book %\ld h be5 ,klop/ock's ',messiah1' 
& ,napoleon ,buonap>te's fav\rites1     
,ossian's ',poems' & ! ',sorr[s (       
,w]!r4' ,b ,napoleon's range ( read+ 0 v
 ext5sive4 ,x includ$ ,hom]1 ,virgil1   
,tasso2 novels ( all c\ntries2 hi/ories 
( all times2 ma!matics1 legislation1 &  
!ology4 ,he dete/$ :at he call$ ! bomba/
 & t9sel ( ,voltaire4 ,! praises ( ,hom]
 & ,ossian he 0 nev] we>i$ ( s\nd+4     
,read aga91 he said to an (fic] on bo>d 
! ,,bell]opho--read aga9 ! poet (       
,a*illes2 dev\r ,ossian4 ,^? are ! poets
 :o lift up ! s\l1 & give to man a      
colossal greatness4 #aiad  ,! ,duke (   
,well+ton 0 an ext5sive read]2 8        
pr9cipal fav\rites 7 ,cl>5don1 ,bi%op   
,butl]1 ,smi?'s ',weal? ( ,nations1'    

,hume1 ! ,ar*duke ,*>les1 ,leslie1 & !  
,bible4 ,he 0 also p>ticul>ly int]e/$ by
 ,fr5* & ,engli% memoirs--m especially !
 ,fr5* ,,memoires ,,p\r ,,s]vir ( all   
k9ds4 ,:5 at ,walm]1 ,mr4 ,gleig says1 !
 ,bible1 ! ,pray] ,book1 ,taylor's      
',holy ,liv+ & ,dy+1' & ,caes>'s        
',comm5t>ies1' lay )9 ! ,duke's rea*2 &1
 judg+ by ! m>ks ( use on !m1 !y mu/ h  
be5 mu* read & (t5 consult$4  ,:ile     
books are among ! be/ companions ( old  
age1 !y are (t5 ! be/ inspir]s ( y\?4 ,!
 fir/ book t makes a deep impression on 
a "y man's m9d1 (t5 con/itutes an epo* 9
 8 life4 ,x may fire ! he>t1 /imulate ! 
en?usiasm1 & by direct+ 8 ef=ts into    
unexpect$ *annels1 p]man5tly influ5ce 8 
"*4 ,! new book1 9 :i* we =m an intimacy
 ) a new fri5d1 ^: m9d is wis] & rip]   
?an our own1 may ?us =m an important    
/>t+-po9t 9 ! hi/ory ( a life4 ,x may   
sometimes almo/ be reg>d$ 9 ! light ( a 
new bir?4  ,f ! day :5 ,james ,edw>d    
,smi? 0 pres5t$ ) 8 fir/ botanical      
lesson-book1 & ,sir ,joseph ,banks fell 

9 ) ,g]>d's ',h]bal'--f ! "t :5 ,alfi]i 
fir/ read ,plut>*1 & ,s*ill] made 8 fir/
 acqua9tance ) ,%akspe>e1 & ,gibbon     
dev\r$ ! fir/ volume ( ',! ,univ]sal    
,hi/ory'--ea* dat$ an inspiration s     
exalt$1 t !y felt z if _! real lives _h 
only !n begun4  ,9 ! e>li] "p ( 8 y\?1  
,la ,fonta9e 0 di/+ui%$ = 8 idl5ess1 b  
he>+ an ode by ,malh]be read1 he is said
 to h exclaim$1 ,i too am a poet1 & 8   
g5ius 0 awak5$4 ,*>les ,bossuet's m9d 0 
fir/ fir$ to /udy by read+1 at an e>ly  
age1 ,font5elle's ',eloges' ( m5 (      
sci5ce4 ,ano!r "w ( ,font5elle's--',on !
 ,plurality ( ,worlds'--influ5c$ ! m9d (
 ,lal&e 9 mak+ *oice ( a pr(ession4 ,x  
is ) pleasure1 says ,lal&e himself 9 a  
preface to ! book1 :i* he aft]w>ds      
edit$1 t ,i ackn[l$ge my obligation to x
 = t dev\r+ activity :i* its p]usal fir/
 excit$ 9 me at ! age ( sixte51 & :i* ,i
 h s9ce reta9$4  ,9 l mann]1 ,lacep$e 0 
direct$ to ! /udy ( natural hi/ory by ! 
p]usal ( ,buffon's ',hi/oire            
,naturelle1' :i* he f\nd 9 8 fa!r's     

libr>y1 & read ov] & ov] aga9 until he  
almo/ knew x by he>t4 ,goe! 0 greatly   
influ5c$ by ! read+ ( ,goldsmi?'s ',vic>
 ( ,wakefield1' j at ! critical mom5t ( 
8 m5tal developm5t2 & he attribut$ to x 
mu* ( 8 be/ education4 ,! read+ ( a     
prose ',life ( ,gotz v\ ,b]li*+5'       
aft]w>ds /imulat$ him to del9eate 8 "* 9
 a poetic =m4 ,! figure ( a rude1       
well-mean+ self-help]1 he said1 9 a wild
 an>*ic "t1 excit$ my deepe/ sympa?y4   
,keats 0 an insatiable read] :5 a boy2 b
 x 0 ! p]usal ( ! ',fa]ie ,que51' at !  
age ( sev5te51 t fir/ lit ! fire ( 8    
g5ius4 ,! same poem is also said to h   
be5 ! inspir] ( ,c[ley1 :o f\nd a copy (
 x accid5tally ly+ on ! w9d[ ( 8 "m's   
ap>tm5t2 & read+ & admir+ x1 he became1 
z he relates1 irrecov]ably a poet4      
,col]idge speaks ( ! great influ5ce :i* 
! poems ( ,b[les _h 9 =m+ 8 own m9d4 ,! 
works ( a pa/ age1 says he1 seem to a "y
 man to be ?+s ( ano!r race2 b ! writ+s 
( a contempor>y possess a reality = him1
 & inspire an actual fri5d%ip z ( a man 

= a man4 ,8 v admiration is ! w9d :i*   
fans & fe$s 8 hope4 ,! poems !mselves   
assume ! prop]ties ( fle% & blood4 #aiae
  ,b m5 h n m]ely be5 /imulat$ to       
und]take special lit]>y pursuits by !   
p]usal ( p>ticul> books2 !y h be5 also  
/imulat$ by !m to ent] ^u p>ticul> l9es 
( action 9 ! s]i\s bus9ess ( life4 ,?us 
,h5ry ,m>tyn 0 p[]fully influ5c$ to ent]
 ^u 8 h]oic c>e] z a mission>y by p]us+ 
! ,lives ( ,h5ry ,bra9]d & ,dr4 ,c>ey1  
:o _h op5$ up ! furr[s 9 :i* he w5t =?  
to s[ ! se$4  ,b5?am has describ$ !     
extraord9>y influ5ce :i* ! p]usal (     
',telema*us' ex]cis$ ^u 8 m9d 9 boyhood4
 ,ano!r book1 said he1 & ( f> high] "*  
#ai?an a collection ( ,fairy ,tales1 to 
:i* he ref]s1 0 plac$ 9 my h&s4 ,x 0    
',telema*us4' ,9 my own imag9ation1 & at
 ! age ( six or sev51 ,i id5tifi$ my own
 p]sonality ) t ( ! h]o1 :o seem$ to me 
a model ( p]fect virtue2 & 9 my walk (  
life1 :atev] x may come to be1 :y       
#aisaid ,i to myself e n[ & !n--:y %\ld 
n ,i be a ,telema*us84444 ,t romance may

 be reg>d$ z ,,! ,,f\ndation-,,/one ,,( 
,,my ,,:ole ,,"*--! />t+-po/ f :5ce my  
c>e] ( life comm5c$4 ,! fir/ dawn+ 9 my 
m9d ( ! ',pr9ciples ( ,utility' may1 ,i 
?9k1 be trac$ to x4 #aiaf  ,cobbett's   
fir/ fav\rite1 because 8 only book1 :i* 
he b\ght = ?reep5ce1 0 ,swift's ',tale (
 a ,tub1' ! repeat$ p]usal ( :i* _h1    
d\btless1 mu* to d ) ! =mation ( 8 pi?y1
 /raight=w>d1 & h>d-hitt+ /yle ( writ+4 
,! delight ) :i* ,pope1 :5 a s*oolboy1  
read ,ogilvy's ',hom]' 01 mo/ probably1 
! orig9 ( ! ,engli% ',iliad2' z ! ',p]cy
 ,reliques' fir$ ! juv5ile m9d ( ,scott1
 & /imulat$ him to ent] ^u ! collection 
& composition ( 8 ',bord] ,ballads4'    
,keightley's fir/ read+ ( ',p>adise     
,lo/1' :5 a boy1 l$ to 8 aft]w>ds       
und]tak+ 8 ,life ( ! poet4 ,! read+1 he 
says1 ( ',p>adise ,lo/' = ! fir/ "t =ms1
 or %\ld =m1 an era 9 ! life ( e "o     
possess$ ( ta/e & poetic feel+4 ,to my  
m9d1 t "t is ev] pres5t4444 ,ev] s9ce1 !
 poetry ( ,milton has =m$ my con/ant    
/udy--a s\rce ( delight 9 prosp]ity1 (  

/r5g? & consolation 9 adv]sity4  ,good  
books are ?us among ! be/ ( companions2 
&1 by elevat+ ! ?\ghts & aspirations1 !y
 act z pres]vatives aga9/ l[            
associations4 ,a natural turn = read+ & 
intellectual pursuits1 says ,?omas      
,hood1 probably pres]v$ me f ! moral    
%ipwreck s apt to befal ^? :o are       
depriv$ 9 e>ly life ( _! p>5tal         
pilotage4 ,my books kept me f ! r+1 !   
dogpit1 ! tav]n1 ! saloon4 ,! closet    
associate ( ,pope & ,addison1 ! m9d     
accu/om$ to ! noble ?\gh sil5t disc\rse 
( ,%akspe>e & ,milton1 w h>dly seek or  
put up ) l[ company & slaves4  ,x has   
be5 truly said1 t ! be/ books are ^? :i*
 mo/ resemble good actions4 ,!y are     
purify+1 elevat+1 & su/a9+2 !y enl>ge & 
lib]alize ! m9d2 !y pres]ve x aga9/     
vulg> worldl9ess2 !y t5d to produce     
highm9d$ *e]fulness & equanimity ( "*2  
!y fa%ion1 & %ape1 & humanize ! m9d4 ,9 
! ,nor!rn univ]sities1 ! s*ools 9 :i* ! 
anci5t classics are /udi$1 are          
appropriately /yl$ ,! ,humanity         

,classes4 #aiag  ,erasmus1 ! great      
s*ol>1 0 ev5 ( op9ion t books 7 !       
necess>ies ( life1 & clo!s ! luxuries2 &
 he frequ5tly po/pon$ buy+ ! latt] until
 he _h suppli$ himself ) ! =m]4 ,8      
greate/ fav\rites 7 ! works ( ,cic]o1   
:i* he says he always felt himself !    
bett] = read+4 ,i c nev]1 he says1 read 
! works ( ,cic]o on ',old ,age1' or     
',fri5d%ip1' or 8 ',tusculan            
,disputations1' )\t f]v5tly press+ !m to
 my lips1 )\t be+ p5etrat$ ) v5]ation = 
a m9d little %ort ( inspir$ by ,god     
himself4 ,x 0 ! accid5tal p]usal (      
,cic]o's ',hort5sius' :i* fir/ deta*$   
,/4 ,augu/9e--until !n a pr(ligate &    
ab&on$ s5suali/--f 8 immoral life1 &    
/>t$ him ^u ! c\rse ( inquiry & /udy :i*
 l$ to 8 becom+ ! greate/ among ! ,fa!rs
 ( ! ,e>ly ,*ur*4 ,sir ,william ,jones  
made x a practice to read ?r\gh1 once a 
ye>1 ! writ+s ( ,cic]o1 ^: life inde$1  
says 8 biograph]1 0 ! great exempl> ( 8 
own4  ,:5 ! good old ,puritan ,baxt]    
came to enum]ate ! valuable & delightful

 ?+s ( :i* dea? w\ld deprive him1 8 m9d 
rev]t$ to ! pleasures he _h d]iv$ f     
books & /udy4 ,:5 ,i die1 he said1 ,i   
mu/ dep>t1 n only f s5sual delights1 b f
 ! m manly pleasures ( my /udies1 k1 &  
conv]se ) _m wise & godly m51 & f all my
 pleasure 9 read+1 he>+1 public &       
private ex]cises ( religion1 & su* l4 ,i
 mu/ leave my libr>y1 & turn ov] ^?     
pleasant books no m4 ,i mu/ no m come   
among ! liv+1 nor see ! faces ( my      
fai?ful fri5ds1 nor be se5 ( man2 h\ses1
 & cities1 & fields1 & c\ntries1 g>d5s1 
& walks1 w be z no?+ to me4 ,i %all no m
 he> ( ! affairs ( ! _w1 ( man1 or w>s1 
or o!r news2 nor see :at becomes ( t    
belov$ int]e/ ( wisdom1 piety1 & peace1 
:i* ,i desire may prosp]4  ,x is        
unnecess>y to speak ( ! enorm\s moral   
influ5ce :i* books h ex]cis$ ^u ! g5]al 
civilization ( mank9d1 f ! ,bible       
d[nw>ds4 ,!y conta9 ! treasur$ k ( !    
human race4 ,!y are ! record ( all      
lab\rs1 a*ievem5ts1 speculations1       
successes1 & failures1 9 sci5ce1        

philosophy1 religion1 & morals4 ,!y h   
be5 ! greate/ motive p[]s 9 all times4  
,f ! ,gospel to ! ,contrat ,social1 says
 ,de ,bonald1 x is books t h made       
revolutions4 ,inde$1 a great book is (t5
 a great] ?+ ?an a great battle4 ,ev5   
works ( fiction h occasionally ex]cis$  
imm5se p[] on society4 ,?us ,rabelais 9 
,france1 & ,c]vantes 9 ,spa91 ov]turn$  
at ! same "t ! dom9ion ( monk]y &       
*ivalry1 employ+ no o!r weapons b       
ridicule1 ! natural contra/ ( human     
t]ror4 ,! p laugh$1 & felt reassur$4 ,s 
',telema*us' appe>$1 & recall$ m5 back  
to ! h>monies ( nature4  ,poets1 says   
,hazlitt1 are a long]-liv$ race ?an     
h]oes3 !y brea! m ( ! air ( immortality4
 ,!y survive m entire 9 _! ?\ghts &     
acts4 ,we h all t ,virgil or ,hom] did1 
z mu* z if we _h liv$ at ! same "t ) !m4
 ,we c hold _! works 9 our h&s1 or lay  
!m on our pill[s1 or put !m to our lips4
 ,sc>cely a trace ( :at ! o!rs did is   
left ^u ! e>?1 s z to be visible to     
common eyes4 ,! "o1 ! dead au?ors1 are  

liv+ m51 /ill brea?+ & mov+ 9 _! writ+s2
 ! o!rs1 ! conqu]ors ( ! _w1 are b !    
a%es 9 an urn4 ,! sympa?y #ais to speak 
betwe5 ?\ght & ?\ght is m intimate &    
vital ?an t betwe5 ?\ght & action4      
,?\ght is l9k$ to ?\ght z flame k9dles  
into flame2 ! tribute ( admiration to ! 
,,manes ( dep>t$ h]oism is l burn+      
inc5se 9 a m>ble monum5t4 ,words1 ideas1
 feel+s1 ) ! progress ( "t h>d5 into    
sub/ances3 ?+s1 bodies1 actions1 m\ld]  
away1 or melt into a s\nd--into ?9      
air4444 ,n only a man's actions are     
effac$ & vani% ) him2 8 virtues & g5]\s 
qualities die ) him also4 ,8 intellect  
only is immortal1 & bequea!d unimpair$  
to po/]ity4 ,words are ! only ?+s t la/ 
= ev]4 #aiah     ,,*apt]                
,,xi4--,,companion%ip ,,9 ,,m>riage4    
,k9dness 9 wom51 n _! beaute\s looks1   
,%all w9 my love4--,,%akspe>e4       ,9 
! husb& ,wisdom1 ,9 ! wife              
,g5tl5ess4--,,george      ,,h]b]t4      
,if ,god _h design$ woman z man's ma/]1 
,he w\ld h      tak5 h] f 8 head2 ,if z 

8 slave1 ,he w\ld h      tak5 h] f 8    
feet2 b z ,he design$ h] = 8            
companion & equal1 ,he took h] f 8      
side4--,,sa9t      ,,augu/9e4--',,de    
,,civitate ,,dei4'       ,:o c f9d a    
virtu\s woman8 = h] price is f> above   
rubies4444 ,h] husb& is kn[n 9 ! gates1 
& he sitte?      among ! eld]s ( !      
l&4444 ,/r5g? & hon\r are h]      clo?+1
 & %e %all rejoice 9 "t to come4 ,%e    
op5e?      h] m\? ) wisdom1 & 9 h]      
tongue is ! law (      k9dness4 ,%e     
looke? well to ! ways ( h] husb&1 &     
eate? n ! bread ( idl5ess4 ,h] *ildr5   
arise up &      call h] bless$2 h] husb&
 also1 & he praise? h]4--      ,,prov]bs
 ,,( ,,solomon4   ,,! "* ( m51 z ( wom51
 is p[]fully influ5c$ by _! companion%ip
 9 all ! /ages ( life4 ,we h already    
spok5 ( ! influ5ce ( ! "m 9 =m+ ! "* (  
h] *ildr54 ,%e makes ! moral atmosph]e 9
 :i* !y live1 & by :i* _! m9ds & s\ls   
are n\ri%$1 z _! bodies are by !        
physical atmosph]e !y brea!4 ,& :ile    
woman is ! natural *]i%] ( infancy & !  

in/ructor ( *ildhood1 %e is also ! guide
 & c\nsellor ( y\?1 & ! confidant &     
companion ( manhood1 9 h] v>i\s         
relations ( "m1 si/]1 lov]1 & wife4 ,9  
%ort1 ! influ5ce ( woman m or less      
affects1 = good or = evil1 ! entire     
de/9ies ( man4  ,! respective social    
functions & duties ( m5 & wom5 are      
cle>ly def9$ by nature4 ,god creat$ man 
,,& woman1 ea* to d _! prop] "w1 ea* to 
fill _! prop] sph]e4 ,nei!r c occupy !  
position1 nor p]=m ! functions1 ( ! o!r4
 ,_! sev]al vocations are p]fectly      
di/9ct4 ,woman exi/s on h] own acc\nt1 z
 man does on 81 at ! same "t t ea* has  
intimate relations ) ! o!r4 ,humanity   
ne$s bo? = ! purposes ( ! race1 & 9 e   
consid]ation ( social progress bo? mu/  
necess>ily be includ$4  ,?\gh companions
 & equals1 yet1 z reg>ds ! measure ( _! 
p[]s1 !y are unequal4 ,man is /rong]1 m 
muscul>1 & ( r\gh] fibre2 woman is m    
delicate1 s5sitive1 & n]v\s4 ,! "o      
excels 9 p[] ( bra91 ! o!r 9 qualities (
 he>t2 & ?\gh ! head may rule1 x is !   

he>t t influ5ces4 ,bo? are alike adapt$ 
= ! respective functions !y h to p]=m 9 
life2 & to attempt to impose woman's "w 
^u man w\ld be q z absurd z to attempt  
to impose man's "w ^u woman4 ,m5 are    
sometimes womanlike1 & wom5 are         
sometimes manlike2 b ^! are only        
exceptions :i* prove ! rule4  ,al?\gh   
man's qualities belong m to ! head1 &   
woman's m to ! he>t--yet x is n less    
necess>y t man's he>t %\ld be cultivat$ 
z well z 8 head1 & woman's head         
cultivat$ z well z h] he>t4 ,a he>tless 
man is z mu* out-(-keep+ 9 civiliz$     
society z a /upid & un9tellig5t woman4  
,! cultivation ( all p>ts ( ! moral &   
intellectual nature is requisite to =m !
 man or woman ( heal?y & well-balanc$   
"*4 ,)\t sympa?y or consid]ation = o!rs1
 man 7 a poor1 /unt$1 sordid1 selfi%    
be+2 & )\t cultivat$ intellig5ce1 ! mo/ 
beautiful woman 7 little bett] ?an a    
well-dress$ doll4  ,x us$ to be a       
fav\rite notion ab\t woman1 t h]        
weakness & dep5d5cy ^u o!rs con/itut$ h]

 pr9cipal claim to admiration4 ,if we 7 
to =m an image ( dignity 9 a man1 said  
,sir ,ri*>d ,/eele1 we %\ld give him    
wisdom & val\r1 z be+ ess5tial to ! "* (
 manhood4 ,9 l mann]1 if y describe a "r
 woman 9 a laudable s5se1 %e %\ld h     
g5tle s(tness1 t5d] fe>1 & all ^? p>ts (
 life :i* di/+ui% h] f ! o!r sex1 ) "s  
subord9ation to x1 b an inf]iority :i*  
makes h] lovely4 ,?us1 h] weakness 0 to 
be cultivat$1 r ?an h] /r5g?2 h] folly1 
r ?an h] wisdom4 ,%e 0 to be a weak1    
fe>ful1 te>ful1 *>act]less1 inf]ior     
creature1 ) j s5se en\gh to und]/& ! s(t
 no?+s address$ to h] by ! sup]ior sex4 
,%e 0 to be educat$ z an ornam5tal      
appanage ( man1 r z an indep5d5t        
intellig5ce--or z a wife1 "m1 companion1
 or fri5d4  ,pope1 9 "o ( 8 ',moral     
,essays1' ass]ts t mo/ wom5 h no *>act]s
 at all2 & aga9 he says3--              
,ladies1 l v>iegat$ tulips1 %[3         
',tis to _! *anges half _! *>ms we owe1 
,f9e by defect & delicately weak4  ,?is 
satire *>act]i/ically occurs 9 ! poet's 

',epi/le to ,m>?a ,bl\nt1' ! h\sekeep]  
:o s tyrannically rul$ him2 & 9 ! same  
v]ses he spitefully girds at ,lady ,m>y 
,wortley ,montague1 at ^: feet he _h    
?r[n himself z a lov]1 & be5            
contemptu\sly reject$4 ,b ,pope 0 no    
judge ( wom51 nor 0 he ev5 a v wise or  
tol]ant judge ( m54  ,x is /ill too mu* 
! practice to cultivate ! weakness (    
woman r ?an h] /r5g?1 & to r5d] h]      
attractive r ?an self-reliant4 ,h]      
s5sibilities are develop$ at ! exp5se ( 
h] heal? ( body z well z ( m9d4 ,%e     
lives1 moves1 & has h] be+ 9 ! sympa?y (
 o!rs4 ,%e dresses t %e may attract1 &  
is burd5$ ) accompli%m5ts t %e may be   
*os54 ,weak1 trembl+1 & dep5d5t1 %e     
incurs ! risk ( becom+ a liv+ embodim5t 
( ! ,italian prov]b--s good t %e is good
 = no?+4  ,on ! o!r h&1 ! education ( "y
 m5 too (t5 errs on ! side ( selfi%ness4
 ,:ile ! boy is incit$ to tru/ ma9ly to 
8 own ef=ts 9 pu%+ 8 way 9 ! _w1 ! girl 
is enc\rag$ to rely almo/ entirely ^u   
o!rs4 ,he is educat$ ) too exclusive    

ref]5ce to himself & %e is educat$ ) too
 exclusive ref]5ce to him4 ,he is taught
 to be self-reliant & self-dep5d5t1 :ile
 %e is taught to be di/ru/ful ( h]self1 
dep5d5t1 & self-sacrific+ 9 all ?+s4    
,?us1 ! intellect ( ! "o is cultivat$ at
 ! exp5se ( ! affections1 & ! affections
 ( ! o!r at ! exp5se ( ! intellect4  ,x 
is unque/ionable t ! highe/ qualities ( 
woman are display$ 9 h] relation%ip to  
o!rs1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( h] affections4 ,%e
 is ! nurse :om nature has giv5 to all  
humank9d4 ,%e takes *>ge ( ! helpless1 &
 n\ri%es & *]i%es ^? we love4 ,%e is !  
presid+ g5ius ( ! fireside1 :]e %e      
creates an atmosph]e ( s]5ity &         
cont5tm5t suitable = ! nurture & gr[? ( 
"* 9 its be/ =ms4 ,%e is by h] v        
con/itution compassionate1 g5tle1       
pati5t1 & self-d5y+4 ,lov+1 hopeful1    
tru/ful1 h] eye %$s brightness ev]y:]e4 
,x %9es ^u coldness & w>ms x1 ^u suff]+ 
& relieves x1 ^u sorr[ & *e]s x3--      
,h] silv] fl[           ,( subtle-pac$  
c\nsel 9 di/ress1         ,"r to ! he>t 

& bra91 ?\gh undescri$1           ,w9n+ 
its way ) extreme g5tl5ess              
,?r\gh all ! outworks ( suspicion's     
pride4  ,woman has be5 /yl$ ! angel ( ! 
un=tunate4 ,%e is ready to help ! weak1 
to raise ! fall51 to com=t ! suff]+4 ,x 
0 *>act]i/ic ( woman1 t %e %\ld h be5 ! 
fir/ to build & end[ an hospital4 ,x has
 be5 said t :]ev] a human be+ is 9      
suff]+1 8 sighs call a woman to 8 side4 
,:5 ,mungo ,p>k1 lonely1 fri5dless1 &   
fami%$1 aft] be+ driv5 =? f an ,african 
village by ! m51 0 prep>+ to sp5d !     
night "u a tree1 expos$ to ! ra9 & !    
wild bea/s :i* !re ab\nd$1 a poor negro 
woman1 return+ f ! lab\rs ( ! field1    
took compassion ^u him1 conduct$ him    
into h] hut1 & !re gave him food1       
succ\r1 & %elt]4 #bja  ,b :ile ! mo/    
*>act]i/ic qualities ( woman are        
display$ ?r\gh h] sympa?ies &           
affections1 x is also necess>y = h] own 
happ9ess1 z a self-dep5d5t be+1 to      
develope & /r5g!n h] "*1 by due         
self-culture1 self-reliance1 &          

self-control4 ,x is n desirable1 ev5 7 x
 possible1 to close ! beautiful av5ues (
 ! he>t4 ,self-reliance ( ! be/ k9d does
 n involve any limitation 9 ! range (   
human sympa?y4 ,b ! happ9ess ( woman1 z 
( man1 dep5ds 9 a great measure ^u h]   
individual complet5ess ( "*4 ,& t       
self-dep5d5ce :i* spr+s f ! due         
cultivation ( ! intellectual p[]s1      
conjo9$ ) a prop] discipl9e ( ! he>t &  
consci5ce1 w enable h] to be m useful 9 
life z well z happy2 to disp5se bless+s 
intellig5tly z well z to enjoy !m2 & mo/
 ( all ^? :i* spr+ f mutual dep5d5ce &  
social sympa?y4  ,to ma9ta9 a high /&>d 
( purity 9 society1 ! culture ( bo?     
sexes mu/ be 9 h>mony1 & keep equal     
pace4 ,a pure womanhood mu/ be          
accompani$ by a pure manhood4 ,! same   
moral law applies alike to bo?4 ,x w\ld 
be loos5+ ! f\ndations ( virtue1 to     
c\nt5ance ! notion t because ( a        
diff]5ce 9 sex1 man 7 at lib]ty to set  
morality at defiance1 & to d t )        
impunity1 :i*1 if done by a woman1 w\ld 

/a9 h] "* = life4 ,to ma9ta9 a pure &   
virtu\s condition ( society1 !re=e1 man 
z well z woman mu/ be pure & virtu\s2   
bo? alike %unn+ all acts imp++ on !     
he>t1 "*1 & consci5ce--%unn+ !m z       
poison1 :i*1 once imbib$1 c nev] be     
entirely ?r[n out aga91 b m5tally       
embitt]s1 to a great] or less ext5t1 !  
happ9ess ( aft]-life4  ,& "h we w\ld    
v5ture to t\* ^u a delicate topic4 ,?\gh
 x is "o ( univ]sal & engross+ human    
int]e/1 ! morali/ avoids x1 ! educator  
%uns x1 & p>5ts taboo x4 ,x is almo/    
consid]$ indelicate to ref] to ,love z  
betwe5 ! sexes2 & "y p]sons are left to 
ga!r _! only notions ( x f ! impossible 
love-/ories t fill ! %elves ( circulat+ 
libr>ies4 ,?is /rong & absorb+ feel+1   
?is ,,beso9 ,d',,aim]--:i* nature has = 
wise purposes made s /rong 9 woman t x  
col\rs h] :ole life & hi/ory1 ?\gh x may
 =m b an episode 9 ! life ( man--is     
usually left to foll[ its own           
incl9ations1 & to gr[ up = ! mo/ "p     
un*eck$1 )\t any guidance or direction  

:atev]4  ,al?\gh nature spurns all =mal 
rules & directions 9 affairs ( love1 x  
might at all ev5ts be possible to       
implant 9 "y m9ds su* views ( ,"* z %\ld
 enable !m to discrim9ate betwe5 ! true 
& ! false1 & to accu/om !m to hold 9    
e/eem ^? qualities ( moral purity &     
integrity1 )\t :i* life is b a sc5e (   
folly & mis]y4 ,x may n be possible to  
tea* "y p to love wisely1 b !y may at   
lea/ be gu>d$ by p>5tal advice aga9/ !  
frivol\s & despicable passions :i* s (t5
 usurp its "n4 ,love1 x has be5 said1 9 
! common acceptation ( ! t]m1 is folly2 
b love1 9 its purity1 its l(t9ess1 its  
unselfi%ness1 is n only a consequ5ce1 b 
a pro(1 ( our moral excell5ce4 ,!       
s5sibility to moral beauty1 !           
=getfulness ( self 9 ! admiration       
eng5d]$ by x1 all prove its claim to a  
high moral influ5ce4 ,x is ! triumph ( !
 unselfi% ov] ! selfi% "p ( our nature4 
,x is by means ( ?is div9e passion t !  
_w is kept ev] fre% & "y4 ,x is !       
p]petual melody ( humanity4 ,x %$s an   

effulg5ce ^u y\?1 & ?r[s a halo r\nd    
age4 ,x glorifies ! pres5t by ! light x 
ca/s backw>d1 & x light5s ! future by ! 
beams x ca/s =w>d4 ,! love :i* is !     
outcome ( e/eem & admiration1 has an    
elevat+ & purify+ effect on ! "*4 ,x    
t5ds to emancipate "o f ! slav]y ( self4
 ,x is altoge!r unsordid2 itself is its 
only price4 ,x inspires g5tl5ess1       
sympa?y1 mutual fai?1 & confid5ce4 ,true
 love also 9 a measure elevates !       
intellect4 ,all love r5d]s wise 9 a     
degree1 says ! poet ,br[n+1 & ! mo/     
gift$ m9ds h be5 ! s9c]e/ lov]s4 ,great 
s\ls make all affections great2 !y      
elevate & consecrate all true delights4 
,! s5tim5t ev5 br+s to light qualities  
be=e ly+ dormant & unsuspect$4 ,x       
elevates ! aspirations1 exp&s ! s\l1 &  
/imulates ! m5tal p[]s4 ,"o ( ! f9e/    
complim5ts ev] paid to a woman 0 t (    
,/eele1 :5 he said ( ,lady ,elizabe?    
,ha/+s1 t to h lov$ h] 0 a lib]al       
education4 ,view$ 9 ?is light1 woman is 
an educator 9 ! highe/ s5se1 because1   

above all o!r educators1 %e educates    
humanly & lov+ly4  ,x has be5 said t no 
man & no woman c be reg>d$ z complete 9 
_! exp]i5ce ( life1 until !y h be5      
subdu$ into union ) ! _w ?r\gh _!       
affections4 ,z woman is n woman until %e
 has kn[n love1 nei!r is man man4 ,bo?  
are requisite to ea* o!r's complet5ess4 
,plato ent]ta9$ ! idea t lov]s ea* s\ght
 a lik5ess 9 ! o!r1 & t love 0 only !   
divorc$ half ( ! orig9al human be+ ent]+
 into union ) its c\nt]p>t4 ,b          
philosophy w\ld "h seem to be at fault1 
= affection q z (t5 spr+s f unlik5ess z 
f lik5ess 9 its object4  ,! true union  
mu/ ne$s be "o ( m9d z well z ( he>t1 & 
bas$ on mutual e/eem z well z mutual    
affection4 ,no true & endur+ love1 says 
,fi*te1 c exi/ )\t e/eem2 e o!r draws   
regret aft] x1 & is unwor?y ( any noble 
human s\l4 ,"o _c really love ! bad1 b  
always some?+ t we e/eem & respect z    
well z admire4 ,9 %ort1 true union mu/  
re/ on qualities ( "*1 :i* rule 9       
dome/ic z 9 public life4  ,b !re is     

some?+ f> m ?an m]e respect & e/eem 9 ! 
union betwe5 man & wife4 ,! feel+ on :i*
 x re/s is f> deep] & t5d]]--su*1 inde$1
 z nev] exi/s betwe5 m5 or betwe5 wom54 
,9 matt]s ( affection1 says ,na?aniel   
,haw?orne1 !re is always an impassable  
gulf betwe5 man & man4 ,!y c nev] q     
grasp ea* o!r's h&s1 & !re=e man nev]   
d]ives any intimate help1 any           
he>t-su/5ance1 f 8 bro!r man1 b f       
woman--8 "m1 8 si/]1 or 8 wife4 #bjb    
,man ent]s a new _w ( joy1 & sympa?y1 & 
human int]e/1 ?r\gh ! por* ( love4 ,he  
ent]s a new _w 9 8 home--! home ( 8 own 
mak+--altoge!r diff]5t f ! home ( 8     
boyhood1 :]e ea* day br+s ) x a         
succession ( new joys & exp]i5ces4 ,he  
ent]s also1 x may be1 a new _w ( trials 
& sorr[s1 9 :i* he (t5 ga!rs 8 be/      
culture & discipl9e4 ,family life1 says 
,sa9te-,beuve1 may be full ( ?orns &    
c>es2 b !y are fruitful3 all o!rs are   
dry ?orns4 ,& aga93 ,if a man's home1 at
 a c]ta9 p]iod ( life1 does n conta9    
*ildr51 x w probably be f\nd fill$ )    

follies or ) vices4 #bjc  ,a life       
exclusively occupi$ 9 affairs ( bus9ess 
ins5sibly t5ds to n>r[ & h>d5 ! "*4 ,x  
is ma9ly occupi$ ) self-wat*+ =         
advantages1 & gu>d+ aga9/ %>p practice  
on ! "p ( o!rs4 ,?us ! "* unconsci\sly  
t5ds to gr[ suspici\s & ung5]\s4 ,! be/ 
corrective ( su* influ5ces is always !  
dome/ic2 by )draw+ ! m9d f ?\ghts t are 
:olly ga9ful1 by tak+ x out ( its daily 
rut1 & br++ x back to ! sanctu>y ( home 
= refre%m5t & re/3            ,t true/1 
r>e/ light ( social joy1           ,:i* 
gleams ^u ! man ( _m c>es4  ,bus9ess1   
says ,sir ,h5ry ,taylor1 does b lay wa/e
 ! approa*es to ! he>t1 :il/ m>riage    
g>risons ! =tress4 ,& h[ev] ! head may  
be occupi$1 by lab\rs ( ambition or (   
bus9ess--if ! he>t be n occupi$ by      
affection = o!rs & sympa?y ) !m--life1  
?\gh x may appe> to ! out] _w to be a   
success1 w probably be no success at    
all1 b a failure4 #bjd  ,a man's real "*
 w always be m visible 9 8 h\sehold ?an 
any:]e else2 & 8 practical wisdom w be  

bett] exhibit$ by ! mann] 9 :i* he be>s 
rule !re1 ?an ev5 9 ! l>g] affairs (    
bus9ess or public life4 ,8 :ole m9d may 
be 9 8 bus9ess2 b1 if he w\ld be happy1 
8 :ole he>t mu/ be 9 8 home4 ,x is !re t
 8 g5u9e qualities mo/ surely display   
!mselves--!re t he %[s 8 tru?fulness1 8 
love1 8 sympa?y1 8 consid]ation = o!rs1 
8 uprightness1 8 manl9ess--9 a ^w1 8 "*4
 ,if affection be n ! gov]n+ pr9ciple 9 
a h\sehold1 dome/ic life may be ! mo/   
intol]able ( despotisms4 ,)\t ju/ice1   
also1 !re c be nei!r love1 confid5ce1   
nor respect1 on :i* all true dome/ic    
rule is f\nd$4  ,erasmus speaks ( ,sir  
,?omas ,m's home z a s*ool & ex]cise ( !
 ,*ri/ian religion4 ,no wrangl+1 no     
angry ^w 0 he>d 9 x2 no "o 0 idle2 e "o 
did 8 duty ) alacrity1 & n )\t a        
temp]ate *e]fulness4 ,sir ,?omas won all
 he>ts to ob$i5ce by 8 g5tl5ess4 ,he 0 a
 man clo!d 9 h\sehold goodness2 & he    
rul$ s g5tly & wisely1 t 8 home 0 p]vad$
 by an atmosph]e ( love & duty4 ,he     
himself spoke ( ! h\rly int]*ange ( !   

small] acts ( k9dness ) ! sev]al memb]s 
( 8 family1 z hav+ a claim ^u 8 "t z    
/rong z ^? o!r public occupations ( 8   
life :i* seem$ to o!rs s mu* m s]i\s &  
important4  ,b ! man ^: affections are  
quick5$ by home-life1 does n conf9e 8   
sympa?ies )9 t comp>atively n>r[ sph]e4 
,8 love enl>ges 9 ! family1 & ?r\gh !   
family x exp&s into ! _w4 ,love1 says   
,em]son1 is a fire t1 k9dl+ its fir/    
emb]s 9 ! n>r[ nook ( a private bosom1  
caught f a w&]+ sp>k out ( ano!r private
 he>t1 gl[s & enl>ges until x w>ms &    
beams ^u multitudes ( m5 & wom51 ^u !   
univ]sal he>t ( all1 & s lights up !    
:ole _w & nature ) its g5]\s flames4  ,x
 is by ! regim5 ( dome/ic affection t ! 
he>t ( man is be/ compos$ & regulat$4 ,!
 home is ! woman's k+dom1 h] /ate1 h]   
_w--:]e %e gov]ns by affection1 by      
k9dness1 by ! p[] ( g5tl5ess4 ,!re is   
no?+ :i* s settles ! turbul5ce ( a man's
 nature z 8 union 9 life ) a highm9d$   
woman4 ,!re he f9ds re/1 cont5tm5t1 &   
happ9ess--re/ ( bra9 & peace ( _s4 ,he w

 also (t5 f9d 9 h] 8 be/ c\nsellor1 = h]
 in/9ctive tact w usually lead him "r :5
 8 own unaid$ reason might be apt to g  
wrong4 ,! true wife is a /aff to lean ^u
 9 times ( trial & difficulty2 & %e is  
nev] want+ 9 sympa?y & solace :5 di/ress
 occurs or =tune fr[ns4 ,9 ! "t ( y\?1  
%e is a com=t & an ornam5t ( man's life2
 & %e rema9s a fai?ful helpmate 9 matur]
 ye>s1 :5 life has ceas$ to be an       
anticipation1 & we live 9 its realities4
  ,:at a happy man mu/ ,edmund ,burke h 
be51 :5 he c\ld say ( 8 home1 ,e c>e    
vani%es ! mom5t ,i ent] "u my own ro(6  
,& ,lu!r1 a man full ( human affection1 
speak+ ( 8 wife1 said1 ,i w\ld n ex*ange
 my pov]ty ) h] = all ! ri*es ( ,croesus
 )\t h]4 ,( m>riage he obs]v$3 ,! utmo/ 
bless+ t ,god c conf] on a man is !     
possession ( a good & pi\s wife1 ) :om  
he may live 9 peace & tranquillity--to  
:om he may confide 8 :ole possessions1  
ev5 8 life & welf>e4 ,& aga9 he said1   
,to rise betimes1 & to m>ry "y1 are :at 
no man ev] rep5ts ( do+4  ,= a man to   

enjoy true repose & happ9ess 9 m>riage1 
he mu/ h 9 8 wife a s\l-mate z well z a 
helpmate4 ,b x is n requisite t %e %\ld 
be m]ely a pale copy ( himself4 ,a man  
no m desires 9 8 wife a manly woman1 ?an
 ! woman desires 9 h] husb& a fem99e    
man4 ,a woman's be/ qualities d n reside
 9 h] intellect1 b 9 h] affections4 ,%e 
gives refre%m5t by h] sympa?ies1 r ?an  
by h] k4 ,! bra9-wom51 says ,oliv]      
,w5dell ,holmes1 nev] int]e/ u l !      
he>t-wom54 #bje ,m5 are (t5 s we>i$ )   
!mselves1 t !y are r pr$ispos$ to admire
 qualities & ta/es 9 o!rs diff]5t f _!  
own4 ,if ,i 7 sudd5ly ask$1 says ,mr4   
,helps1 to give a pro( ( ! goodness (   
,god to u1 ,i ?9k ,i %\ld say t x is mo/
 manife/ 9 ! exquisite diff]5ce ,he has 
made betwe5 ! s\ls ( m5 & wom51 s z to  
create ! possibility ( ! mo/ com=t+ &   
*>m+ companion%ip t ! m9d ( man c       
imag9e4 #bjf ,b ?\gh no man may love a  
woman = h] und]/&+1 x is n ! less       
necess>y = h] to cultivate x on t       
acc\nt4 #bjg ,!re may be diff]5ce 9 "*1 

b !re mu/ be h>mony ( m9d & s5tim5t--two
 intellig5t s\ls z well z two lov+      
he>ts3            ,two heads 9 c\ncil1  
two beside ! he>?1           ,two 9 !   
tangl$ bus9ess ( ! _w1           ,two 9 
! lib]al (fices ( life4  ,!re are few m5
 :o h writt5 s wisely on ! subject (    
m>riage z ,sir ,h5ry ,taylor4 ,:at he   
says ab\t ! influ5ce ( a happy union 9  
its relation to successful /atesman%ip1 
applies to all conditions ( life4 ,!    
true wife1 he says1 %\ld possess su*    
qualities z w t5d to make home z mu* z  
may be a place ( repose4 ,to ?is end1 %e
 %\ld h s5se en\gh or wor? en\gh to     
exempt h] husb& z mu* z possible f !    
tr\bles ( family managem5t1 & m         
especially f all possibility ( debt4 ,%e
 %\ld be pleas+ to 8 eyes & to 8 ta/e3 !
 ta/e goes deep into ! nature ( all     
m5--love is h>dly ap>t f x2 & 9 a life (
 c>e & excitem5t1 t home :i* is n ! seat
 ( love _c be a place ( repose2 re/ = ! 
bra91 & peace = ! _s1 be+ only to be _h 
?r\gh ! s(t5+ ( ! affections4 ,he %\ld  

look = a cle> und]/&+1 *e]fulness1 &    
alacrity ( m9d1 r ?an gaiety &          
brilliancy1 & = a g5tle t5d]ness (      
disposition 9 pref]5ce to an impassion$ 
nature4 ,lively tal5ts are too /imulat+ 
9 a tir$ man's h\se--passion is too     
di/urb+4444                             
,h] love %\ld be       ,a love t cl+s n1
 nor is exig5t1       ,encumb]s n !     
active purposes1       ,nor dra9s _!    
s\rce2 b pr(]s ) free grace             
,pleasure at pleasure t\*$1 at pleasure 
waiv$1       ,a wa%+ ( ! we>y travell]'s
 feet1       ,a qu5*+ ( 8 ?ir/1 a sweet 
repose1       ,alt]nate & prep>ative2 9 
groves       ,:]e1 lov+ mu* ! fl[] t    
loves ! %ade1       ,& lov+ mu* ! %ade t
 t fl[] loves1       ,he yet is         
unbewild]$1 un5slav$1       ,!nce />t+  
light1 & pleasantly let g       ,:5     
s]i\s s]vice calls4 #bjh  ,"s p]sons are
 disappo9t$ 9 m>riage1 because !y expect
 too mu* f x2 b _m m1 because !y d n br+
 into ! co-p>tn]%ip _! fair %>e (       
*e]fulness1 k9dl9ess1 =be>ance1 & common

 s5se4 ,_! imag9ation has p]haps pictur$
 a condition nev] exp]i5c$ on ?is side  
,heav52 & :5 real life comes1 ) its     
tr\bles & c>es1 !re is a sudd5 wak+-up z
 f a dream4 ,or !y look = some?+        
approa*+ p]fection 9 _! *os5 companion1 
& discov] by exp]i5ce t ! faire/ (      
*>act]s h _! weaknesses4 ,yet x is (t5 !
 v imp]fection ( human nature1 r ?an its
 p]fection1 t makes ! /ronge/ claims on 
! =be>ance & sympa?y ( o!rs1 &1 9       
affectionate & s5sible natures1 t5ds to 
produce ! close/ unions4  ,! gold5 rule 
( m>ri$ life is1 ,be> & =be>4 ,m>riage1 
l gov]nm5t1 is a s]ies ( compromises4   
,"o mu/ give & take1 refra9 & re/ra91   
endure & be pati5t4 ,"o may n be bl9d to
 ano!r's fail+s1 b !y may be borne )    
good-natur$ =be>ance4 ,( all qualities1 
good temp] is ! "o t we>s & works ! be/ 
9 m>ri$ life4 ,conjo9$ ) self-control1 x
 gives pati5ce--! pati5ce to be> & =be>1
 to li/5 )\t retort1 to refra9 until !  
angry fla% has pass$4 ,h[ true x is 9   
m>riage1 t ! s(t answ] turne? away wra?6

  ,burns ! poet1 9 speak+ ( ! qualities 
( a good wife1 divid$ !m into t5 p>ts4  
,f\r ( ^! he gave to good temp]1 two to 
good s5se1 "o to wit1 "o to beauty--su* 
z a sweet face1 eloqu5t eyes1 a f9e     
p]son1 a graceful c>riage2 & ! o!r two  
p>ts he divid$ among/ ! o!r qualities   
belong+ to or att5d+ on a wife--su* z   
=tune1 connections1 education #bjt is1 (
 a high] /&>d ?an ord9>y1 family blood1 
c42 b he said3 ,divide ^? two degrees z 
y please1 only rememb] t all ^! m9or    
proportions mu/ be express$ by          
fractions1 = !re is n any "o ( !m t is  
entitl$ to ! dignity ( an integ]4  ,x   
has be5 said t girls are v good at mak+ 
nets1 b t x w\ld be bett] /ill if !y    
w\ld le>n to make cages4 ,m5 are (t5 z  
easily caught z birds1 b z difficult to 
keep4 ,if ! wife _c make h] home bright 
& happy1 s t x %all be ! cleane/1       
sweete/1 *e]fule/ place t h] husb& c f9d
 refuge 9--a retreat f ! toils & tr\bles
 ( ! out] _w--!n ,god help ! poor man1 =
 he is virtually homeless6  ,no wise    

p]son w m>ry = beauty ma9ly4 ,x may     
ex]cise a p[]ful attraction 9 ! fir/    
place1 b x is f\nd to be ( comp>atively 
little consequ5ce aft]w>ds4 ,n t beauty 
( p]son is to be und]e/imat$1 =1 o!r ?+s
 be+ equal1 h&som5ess ( =m & beauty (   
features are ! outw>d manife/ations (   
heal?4 ,b to m>ry a h&some figure )\t   
"*1 f9e features unbeautifi$ by s5tim5t 
or good-nature1 is ! mo/ deplorable (   
mi/akes4 ,z ev5 ! f9e/ l&scape1 se5     
daily1 becomes monoton\s1 s does ! mo/  
beautiful face1 unless a beautiful      
nature %9es ?r\gh x4 ,! beauty ( to-day 
becomes commonplace to-morr[2 :]eas     
goodness1 display$ ?r\gh ! mo/ ord9>y   
features1 is p]5nially lovely4 ,moreov]1
 ?is k9d ( beauty improves ) age1 & "t  
rip5s r ?an de/roys x4 ,aft] ! fir/ ye>1
 m>ri$ p r>ely ?9k ( ea* o!r's features1
 & :e!r !y be classically beautiful or  
o!rwise4 ,b !y nev] fail to be cognisant
 ( ea* o!r's temp]4 ,:5 ,i see a man1   
says ,addison1 ) a s\r rivell$ face1 ,i 
_c =be> pity+ 8 wife2 & :5 ,i meet ) an 

op5 +5u\s c\nt5ance1 ,i ?9k ( ! happ9ess
 ( 8 fri5ds1 8 family1 & 8 relations4   
,we h giv5 ! views ( ! poet ,burns z to 
! qualities necess>y 9 a good wife4 ,let
 u add ! advice giv5 by ,"l ,burleigh to
 8 son1 embody+ ! exp]i5ce ( a wise     
/atesman & practis$ man ( ! _w4 ,:5 x   
%all please ,god1 said he1 to br+ !e to 
man's e/ate1 use great provid5ce &      
circumspection 9 *oos+ ?y wife2 = f !nce
 w spr+ all ?y future good or evil4 ,& x
 is an action ( ?y life1 l unto a       
/ratagem ( w>1 :]e9 a man c err b       
once4444 ,enquire dilig5tly ( h]        
disposition1 & h[ h] p>5ts h be5 incl9$ 
9 _! y\?4 #bji ,let h] n be poor1 h[    
g5]\s #bjwell-born soev]2 = a man c buy 
no?+ 9 ! m>ket ) g5tility4 ,nor *oose a 
base & uncomely creature altoge!r =     
weal?2 = x w cause contempt 9 o!rs1 &   
loa?+ 9 !e4 ,nei!r make *oice ( a dw>f1 
or a fool2 = by ! "o ?\ %alt beget a    
race ( pigmies1 :ile ! o!r w be ?y      
cont9ual disgrace1 & x w yirke #bj;irk  
!e to he> h] talk4 ,= ?\ %alt f9d x to  

?y great grief1 t !re is no?+ m fulsome 
#bj;disgu/+ ?an a %e-fool4  ,a man's    
moral "* is1 necess>ily1 p[]fully       
influ5c$ by 8 wife4 ,a l[] nature w drag
 him d[n1 z a high] w lift him up4 ,!   
=m] w dead5 8 sympa?ies1 dissipate 8    
en]gies1 & di/ort 8 life2 :ile ! latt]1 
by satisfy+ 8 affections1 w /r5g!n 8    
moral nature1 & by giv+ him repose1 t5d 
to en]gise 8 intellect4 ,n only s1 b a  
woman ( high pr9ciples w ins5sibly      
elevate ! aims & purposes ( h] husb&1 z 
"o ( l[ pr9ciples w unconsci\sly degrade
 !m4 ,de ,tocqueville 0 pr(\ndly        
impress$ by ?is tru?4 ,he ent]ta9$ !    
op9ion t man c\ld h no su* ma9/ay 9 life
 z ! companion%ip ( a wife ( good temp] 
& high pr9ciple4 ,he says t 9 ! c\rse ( 
8 life1 he _h se5 ev5 weak m5 display   
real public virtue1 because !y _h by _! 
side a woman ( noble "*1 :o su/a9$ !m 9 
_! c>e]1 & ex]cis$ a =tify+ influ5ce on 
_! views ( public duty2 :il/1 on !      
contr>y1 he _h /ill (t5] se5 m5 ( great 
& g5]\s in/9cts trans=m$ into vulg>     

self-seek]s1 by contact ) wom5 ( n>r[   
natures1 devot$ to an imbecile love (   
pleasure1 & f ^: m9ds ! gr& motive (    
,duty 0 altoge!r abs5t4  ,de            
,tocqueville himself _h ! good =tune to 
be bless$ ) an admirable wife3 #bjaj & 9
 8 lett]s to 8 intimate fri5ds1 he spoke
 mo/ gratefully ( ! com=t & support he  
d]iv$ f h] su/a9+ c\rage1 h] equanimity 
( temp]1 & h] nobility ( "*4 ,! m1      
inde$1 t ,de ,tocqueville saw ( ! _w & (
 practical life1 ! m conv9c$ he became (
 ! necessity ( heal?y dome/ic conditions
 = a man's gr[? 9 virtue & goodness4    
#bjaa ,especially did he reg>d m>riage z
 ( ine/imable importance 9 reg>d to a   
man's true happ9ess2 & he 0 accu/om$ to 
speak ( 8 own z ! wise/ action ( 8 life4
 ,_m ext]nal circum/ances ( happ9ess1 he
 said1 h be5 grant$ to me4 ,b m ?an all1
 ,i h to ?ank ,heav5 = hav+ be/[$ on me 
true dome/ic happ9ess1 ! fir/ ( human   
bless+s4 ,z ,i gr[ old]1 ! portion ( my 
life :i* 9 my y\? ,i us$ to look d[n ^u1
 e day becomes m important 9 my eyes1 & 

w\ld n[ easily console me = ! loss ( all
 ! re/4 ,& aga91 writ+ to 8 bosom-fri5d1
 ,de ,k]gorlay1 he said3 ,( all !       
bless+s :i* ,god has giv5 to me1 !      
greate/ ( all 9 my eyes is to h light$  
on ,m>ie4 ,y _c imag9e :at %e is 9 great
 trials4 ,usually s g5tle1 %e !n becomes
 /rong & en]getic4 ,%e wat*es me )\t my 
kn[+ x2 %e s(t5s1 calms1 & /r5g!ns me 9 
difficulties :i* di/urb ,,me1 b leave h]
 s]5e4 #bjab ,9 ano!r lett] he says3 ,i 
_c describe to y ! happ9ess yield$ 9 !  
long run by ! habitual society ( a woman
 9 ^: s\l all t is good 9 y\r own is    
reflect$ naturally1 & ev5 improv$4 ,:5  
,i say or d a ?+ :i* seems to me to be  
p]fectly "r1 ,i read imm$iately 9       
,m>ie's c\nt5ance an expression ( pr\d  
satisfaction :i* elevates me4 ,& s1 :5  
my consci5ce reproa*es me1 h] face      
in/antly cl\ds ov]4 ,al?\gh ,i h great  
p[] ov] h] m9d1 ,i see ) pleasure t %e  
awes me2 & s long z ,i love h] z ,i d   
n[1 ,i am sure t ,i %all nev] all[      
myself to be drawn into any?+ t is      

wrong4  ,9 ! retir$ life :i* ,de        
,tocqueville l$ z a lit]>y              
man--political life be+ clos$ aga9/ him 
by ! inflexible indep5d5ce ( 8 "*--8    
heal? fail$1 & he became ill1 irritable1
 & qu]ul\s4 ,:ile proce$+ ) 8 la/ "w1   
',l',anci5 ,regime et la ,revolution1'  
he wrote3 ,aft] sitt+ at my desk = five 
or six h\rs1 ,i c write no long]2 !     
ma*9e refuses to act4 ,i am 9 great want
 ( re/1 & ( a long re/4 ,if y add all ! 
p]plexities t besiege an au?or t[>ds !  
end ( 8 "w1 y w be able to imag9e a v   
wret*$ life4 ,i c\ld n g on ) my task if
 x 7 n = ! refre%+ calm ( ,m>ie's       
companion%ip4 ,x w\ld be impossible to  
f9d a disposition =m+ a happi] contra/  
to my own4 ,9 my p]petual irritability (
 body & m9d1 %e is a provid5tial res\rce
 t nev] fails me4 #bjac  ,m4 ,guizot 01 
9 l mann]1 su/a9$ & enc\rag$1 amid/ 8 _m
 vicissitudes & disappo9tm5ts1 by 8     
noble wife4 ,if he 0 treat$ ) h>%ness by
 8 political enemies1 8 consolation 0 9 
! t5d] affection :i* fill$ 8 home )     

sun%9e4 ,?\gh 8 public life 0 brac+ &   
/imulat+1 he felt1 nev]!less1 t x 0 cold
 & calculat+1 & nei!r fill$ ! s\l nor   
elevat$ ! "*4 ,man longs = a happ9ess1  
he says 9 8 ',memoires1' m complete & m 
t5d] ?an t :i* all ! lab\rs & triumphs (
 active ex]tion & public importance c   
be/[4 ,:at ,i "k to-day1 at ! end ( my  
race1 ,i h felt :5 x began1 & dur+ its  
cont9uance4 ,ev5 9 ! mid/ ( great       
und]tak+s1 dome/ic affections =m ! basis
 ( life2 & ! mo/ brilliant c>e] has only
 sup]ficial & incomplete enjoym5ts1 if a
 /rang] to ! happy ties ( family &      
fri5d%ip4  ,! circum/ances connect$ )   
,m4 ,guizot's c\rt%ip & m>riage are     
curi\s & int]e/+4 ,:ile a "y man liv+ by
 8 p5 9 ,p>is1 writ+ books1 reviews1 &  
translations1 he =m$ a casual           
acqua9tance ) ,mademoiselle ,paul9e de  
,meulan1 a lady ( great ability1 !n     
editor ( ! ,,publici/e4 ,a sev]e dome/ic
 calamity hav+ befall5 h]1 %e fell ill1 
& 0 unable = a "t to c>ry on ! heavy    
lit]>y "w connect$ ) h] j\rnal4 ,at ?is 

juncture a lett] )\t any signature rea*$
 h] "o day1 (f]+ a supply ( articles1   
:i* ! writ] hop$ w\ld be wor?y ( !      
reputation ( ! ,,publici/e4 ,! articles 
duly arriv$1 7 accept$1 & publi%$4 ,!y  
dealt ) a great v>iety ( subjects--art1 
lit]ature1 !atricals1 & g5]al criticism4
 ,:5 ! editor at l5g? recov]$ f h]      
illness1 ! writ] ( ! articles disclos$  
himself3 x 0 ,m4 ,guizot4 ,an intimacy  
sprang up betwe5 !m1 :i* rip5$ into     
mutual affection1 & be=e long           
,mademoiselle de ,meulan became 8 wife4 
,f t "t =w>d1 %e %>$ 9 all h] husb&'s   
joys & sorr[s1 z well z 9 _m ( 8 lab\rs4
 ,be=e !y became unit$1 he ask$ h] if %e
 ?\ght %e %\ld ev] become dismay$ at !  
vicissitudes ( 8 de/9y1 :i* he !n saw   
loom+ be=e him4 ,%e repli$ t he might   
assure himself t %e w\ld always         
passionately enjoy 8 triumphs1 b nev]   
heave a sigh ov] 8 defeats4 ,:5 ,m4     
,guizot became fir/ m9i/] ( ,l\is       
,philippe1 %e wrote to a fri5d3 ,i n[   
see my husb& mu* less ?an ,i desire1 b  

/ill ,i see him4444 ,if ,god sp>es u to 
ea* o!r1 ,i %all always be1 9 ! mid/ ( e
 trial & appreh5sion1 ! happie/ ( be+s4 
,little m ?an six mon?s aft] ^! words 7 
writt51 ! devot$ wife 0 laid 9 h] grave2
 & h] sorr[+ husb& 0 left !nce=? to     
tread ! j\rney ( life alone4  ,burke 0  
especially happy 9 8 union ) ,miss      
,nug5t1 a beautiful1 affectionate1 &    
highm9d$ woman4 ,! agitation & anxiety (
 8 public life 0 m ?an comp5sat$ by 8   
dome/ic happ9ess1 :i* seems to h be5    
complete4 ,x 0 a say+ ( ,burke1 ?or\ghly
 illu/rative ( 8 "*1 t to love ! little 
platoon we belong to 9 society is ! g]m 
( all public affections4 ,8 description 
( 8 wife1 9 h] y\?1 is probably "o ( !  
f9e/ ^w-portraits 9 ! language3--  ,%e  
is h&some2 b x is a beauty n aris+ f    
features1 f complexion1 or f %ape4 ,%e  
has all ?ree 9 a high degree1 b x is n  
by ^! %e t\*es ! he>t2 x is all t       
sweetness ( temp]1 b5evol5ce1 innoc5ce1 
& s5sibility1 :i* a face c express1 t   
=ms h] beauty4 ,%e has a face t j raises

 y\r att5tion at fir/ sight2 x gr[s on y
 e mom5t1 & y wond] x did no m ?an raise
 y\r att5tion at fir/4  ,h] eyes h a    
mild light1 b !y awe :5 %e pleases2 !y  
comm&1 l a good man out ( (fice1 n by   
au?ority1 b by virtue4  ,h] /ature is n 
tall2 %e is n made to be ! admiration ( 
ev]ybody1 b ! happ9ess ( "o4  ,%e has   
all ! firmness t does n exclude         
delicacy2 %e has all ! s(tness t does n 
imply weakness4  ,h] voice is a s(t l[  
music--n =m$ to rule 9 public           
assemblies1 b to *>m ^? :o c di/+ui% a  
company f a cr[d2 x has ?is             
advantage--,,y ,,mu/ ,,come ,,close ,,to
 ,,h] ,,to ,,he> ,,x4  ,to describe h]  
body describes h] m9d--"o is !          
transcript ( ! o!r2 h] und]/&+ is n %[n 
9 ! v>iety ( matt]s x ex]ts itself on1 b
 9 ! goodness ( ! *oice %e makes4  ,%e  
does n display x s mu* 9 say+ or do+    
/rik+ ?+s1 z 9 avoid+ su* z %e ought n  
to say or d4  ,no p]son ( s few ye>s c  
"k ! _w bett]2 no p]son 0 ev] less      
corrupt$ by ! k ( x4  ,h] polit5ess fl[s

 r f a natural disposition to oblige1   
?an f any rules on t subject1 & !re=e   
nev] fails to /rike ^? :o und]/& good   
bre$+ & ^? :o d n4  ,%e has a /eady &   
firm m9d1 :i* takes no m f ! solidity ( 
! female "* ?an ! solidity ( m>ble does 
f its poli% & lu/re4 ,%e has su* virtues
 z make u value ! truly great ( our own 
sex4 ,%e has all ! w9n+ graces t make u 
love ev5 ! faults we see 9 ! weak &     
beautiful1 9 h]s4  ,let u give1 z a     
companion picture1 ! n less beautiful   
del9eation ( a husb&1 t ( ,colonel      
,hut*9son1 ! ,commonweal? man1 by 8     
wid[4 ,%ortly be=e 8 dea?1 he enjo9$ h] 
n to grieve at ! common rate ( desolate 
wom54 ,&1 fai?ful to 8 injunction1      
in/ead ( lam5t+ 8 loss1 %e indulg$ h]   
noble sorr[ 9 depict+ h] husb& z he _h  
liv$4  ,!y :o dote on mortal excell5ces1
 %e says1 9 h] ,introduction to !       
',life1' :51 by ! inevitable fate ( all 
?+s frail1 _! ador$ idols are tak5 f !m1
 may let loose ! w9ds ( passion to br+ 9
 a flood ( sorr[1 ^: ebb+ tides c>ry    

away ! de> memory ( :at !y h lo/2 & :5  
com=t is essay$ to su* m\rn]s1 commonly 
all objects are remov$ out ( _! view :i*
 may ) _! remembrance r5ew ! grief2 & 9 
"t ^! rem$ies succe$1 & oblivion's      
curta9 is by degrees drawn ov] ! dead   
face2 & ?+s less lovely are lik$1 :ile  
!y are n view$ toge!r ) t :i* 0 mo/     
excell5t4 ,b ,i1 t am "u a comm& n to   
grieve at ! common rate ( desolate wom51
 #bjad :ile ,i am /udy+ :i* way to      
mod]ate my woe1 & if x 7 possible to    
augm5t my love1 ,i c = ! pres5t f9d out 
none m j to y\r de> fa!r1 nor           
consolatory to myself1 ?an ! pres]vation
 ( 8 memory1 :i* ,i ne$ n gild ) su*    
flatt]+ comm5dations z hir$ prea*]s d   
equally give to ! truly & titul>ly      
hon\rable4 ,a nak$ undress$ n>rative1   
speak+ ! simple tru? ( him1 w deck him )
 m sub/antial glory1 ?an all !          
panegyrics ! be/ p5s c\ld ev] consecrate
 to ! virtues ( ! be/ m54  ,! foll[+ is 
! wife's portrait ( ,colonel ,hut*9son z
 a husb&3--  ,= conjugal affection to 8 

wife1 x 0 su* 9 him z :osoev] w\ld draw 
out a rule ( hon\r1 k9dness1 & religion1
 to be practis$ 9 t e/ate1 ne$ no m b   
exactly draw out 8 example4 ,nev] man _h
 a great] passion = a woman1 nor a m    
hon\rable e/eem ( a wife3 yet he 0 n    
uxori\s1 nor remitt$ he t j rule :i* x 0
 h] hon\r to obey1 b manag$ ! re9s (    
gov]nm5t ) su* prud5ce & affection1 t %e
 :o c\ld n delight 9 su* an hon\rable & 
advantageable subjection1 mu/ h want$ a 
reasonable s\l4  ,he gov]n$ by          
p]suasion1 :i* he nev] employ$ b to ?+s 
hon\rable & pr(itable to h]self2 he lov$
 h] s\l & h] hon\r m ?an h] outside1 &  
yet he _h ev] = h] p]son a con/ant      
indulg5ce1 exce$+ ! common tempor>y     
passion ( ! mo/ uxori\s fools4 ,if he   
e/eem$ h] at a high] rate ?an %e 9      
h]self c\ld h des]v$1 he 0 ! au?or ( t  
virtue he doat$ on1 :ile %e only        
reflect$ 8 own glories ^u him4 ,all t %e
 01 0 ,,him1 :ile he 0 "h1 & all t %e is
 n[1 at be/1 is b 8 pale %ade4  ,s      
lib]al 0 he to h]1 & ( s g5]\s a temp]1 

t he hat$ ! m5tion ( sev]$ purses1 8    
e/ate be+ s mu* at h] disposal t he nev]
 w\ld receive an acc\nt ( any?+ %e      
exp5d$4 ,s con/ant 0 he 9 8 love1 t :5  
%e ceas$ to be "y & lovely he began to  
%[ mo/ fondness4 ,he lov$ h] at su* a   
k9d & g5]\s rate z words _c express4    
,yet ev5 ?is1 :i* 0 ! highe/ love he or 
any man c\ld h1 0 b\nd$ by a sup]ior3 he
 lov$ h] 9 ! ,"l z 8 fell[-creature1 n 8
 idol2 b 9 su* a mann] z %[$ t an       
affection1 f\nd$ on ! j rules ( duty1 f>
 exce$s e way all ! irregul> passions 9 
! _w4 ,he lov$ ,god above h]1 & all !   
o!r de> pl$ges ( 8 he>t1 & = 8 glory    
*e]fully resign$ !m4 #bjae  ,lady ,ra*el
 ,russell is ano!r ( ! wom5 ( hi/ory    
celebrat$ = h] devotion & fai?fulness z 
a wife4 ,%e lab\r$ & plead$ = h] husb&'s
 release s long z %e c\ld d s ) hon\r2 b
 :5 %e saw t all 0 9 va91 %e collect$ h]
 c\rage1 & /rove by h] example to /r5g!n
 ! resolution ( h] de> "l4 ,& :5 8 la/  
h\r _h ne>ly come1 & 8 wife & *ildr5    
wait$ to receive 8 p>t+ embrace1 %e1    

brave to ! end1 t %e might n add to 8   
di/ress1 conceal$ ! agony ( h] grief "u 
a seem+ composure2 & !y p>t$1 aft] a    
t5d] adieu1 9 sil5ce4 ,aft] %e _h gone1 
,"l ,william said1 ,n[ ! bitt]ness (    
dea? is pass$6 #bjaf  ,we h spok5 ( !   
influ5ce ( a wife ^u a man's "*4 ,!re   
are few m5 /rong en\gh to resi/ !       
influ5ce ( a l[] "* 9 a wife4 ,if %e d n
 su/a9 & elevate :at is highe/ 9 8      
nature1 %e w spe$ily r$uce him to h] own
 level4 ,?us a wife may be ! mak+ or !  
unmak+ ( ! be/ ( m54 ,an illu/ration (  
?is p[] is furni%$ 9 ! life ( ,bunyan4  
,! pr(ligate t9k] _h ! good =tune to    
m>ry1 9 e>ly life1 a wor?y "y woman (   
good p>5tage4 ,my m]cy1 he himself says1
 0 to light ^u a wife ^: fa!r & "m 7    
acc\nt$ godly4 ,?is woman & ,i1 ?\gh we 
came toge!r z poor z poor might be #bjn 
hav+ s mu* h\sehold /uff z a di% or a   
spoon betwixt u bo?1 yet %e _h = h] "p1 
',! ,pla9 ,man's ,pa?way to ,heav51' &  
',! ,practice ( ,piety1' :i* h] fa!r _h 
left h] :5 he di$4 ,& by read+ ^! & o!r 

good books2 help$ by ! k9dly influ5ce ( 
8 wife1 ,bunyan 0 gradually reclaim$ f 8
 evil ways1 & l$ g5tly into ! pa?s (    
peace4  ,ri*>d ,baxt]1 ! ,noncon=mi/    
div9e1 0 f> advanc$ 9 life be=e he met !
 excell5t woman :o ev5tually became 8   
wife4 ,he 0 too labori\sly occupi$ 9 8  
vocation ( m9i/] to h any "t to sp>e =  
c\rt%ip2 & 8 m>riage 01 z 9 ! case (    
,calv91 z mu* a matt] ( conv5i5ce z (   
love4 ,miss ,*>lton1 ! lady ( 8 *oice1 0
 ! own] ( prop]ty 9 h] own "r2 b le/ x  
%\ld be ?\ght t ,baxt] m>ri$ h] =       
covet\sness1 he reque/$1 fir/1 t %e %\ld
 give ov] to h] relatives ! pr9cipal "p 
( h] =tune1 & t he %\ld h no?+ t be=e h]
 m>riage 0 h]s2 secondly1 t %e %\ld s   
arrange h] affairs z t he might be      
entangl$ 9 no lawsuits2 &1 ?irdly1 t %e 
%\ld expect none ( ! "t t 8 m9i/]ial "w 
might require4 ,^! sev]al conditions !  
bride hav+ compli$ )1 ! m>riage took    
place1 & prov$ a happy "o4 ,we liv$1    
said ,baxt]1 9 inviolat$ love & mutual  
complac5cy1 s5sible ( ! b5efit ( mutual 

help1 ne>ly n9ete5 ye>s4 ,yet ! life (  
,baxt] 0 "o ( great trials & tr\bles1   
aris+ f ! unsettl$ /ate ( ! times 9 :i* 
he liv$4 ,he 0 hunt$ ab\t f "o "p ( !   
c\ntry to ano!r1 & = sev]al ye>s he _h  
no settl$ dwell+-place4 ,! wom51 he     
g5tly rem>ks 9 8 ',life1' h mo/ ( t sort
 ( tr\ble1 b my wife easily bore x all4 
,9 ! six? ye> ( 8 m>riage ,baxt] 0      
br\ght be=e ! magi/rates at ,br5t=d1 =  
hold+ a conv5ticle at ,acton1 & 0 s5t5c$
 by !m to be imprison$ 9 ,cl]k5well     
,gaol4 ,!re he 0 jo9$ by 8 wife1 :o     
affectionately nurs$ him dur+ 8         
conf9em5t4 ,%e 0 nev] s *e]ful a        
companion to me1 he says1 z 9 prison1 & 
0 v mu* aga9/ me seek+ to be releas$4   
,at l5g? he 0 set at lib]ty by ! judges 
( ! ,c\rt ( ,common ,pleas1 to :om he _h
 appeal$ aga9/ ! s5t5ce ( ! magi/rates4 
,at ! dea? ( ,mrs4 ,baxt]1 aft] a v     
tr\bl$ yet happy & *e]ful life1 h] husb&
 left a t\*+ portrait ( ! graces1       
virtues1 & ,*ri/ian "* ( ?is excell5t   
woman--"o ( ! mo/ *>m+ ?+s to be f\nd 9 

8 works4  ,! noble ,c\nt ,z9z5dorf 0    
unit$ to an equally noble woman1 :o bore
 him up ?r\gh life by h] great _s1 &    
su/a9$ him 9 all 8 lab\rs by h] unfail+ 
c\rage4 ,tw5ty-f\r ye>s' exp]i5ce has   
%[n me1 he said1 t j ! helpmate :om ,i h
 is ! only "o t c\ld suit my vocation4  
,:o else c\ld h s c>ri$ ?r\gh my family 
affairs8--:o liv$ s spotlessly be=e !   
_w8 ,:o s wisely aid$ me 9 my rejection 
( a dry morality84444 ,:o w\ld1 l %e1   
)\t a murmur1 h se5 h] husb& enc\nt] su*
 dang]s by l& & sea8--:o und]tak5 ) him1
 & su/a9$1 su* a/oni%+ pilgrimages8 ,:o1
 amid su* difficulties1 c\ld h held up  
h] head & support$ me84444 ,& f9ally1   
:o1 ( all human be+s1 c\ld s well und]/&
 & int]pret to o!rs my inn] & out] be+ z
 ?is "o1 ( su* nobl5ess 9 h] way ( ?9k+1
 su* great intellectual capacity1 & free
 f ! !ological p]plexities t s (t5      
envelop$ me8  ,"o ( ! brave ,dr4        
,liv+/one's greate/ trials dur+ 8       
travels 9 ,s\? ,africa 0 ! dea? ( 8     
affectionate wife1 :o _h %>$ 8 dang]s1 &

 accompani$ him 9 s _m ( 8 w&]+s4 ,9    
communicat+ ! intellig5ce ( h] decease  
at ,%upanga1 on ! ,riv] ,zambesi1 to 8  
fri5d ,sir ,rod]ick ,mur*ison1 ,dr4     
,liv+/one said3 ,i mu/ confess t ?is    
heavy /roke q takes ! he>t out ( me4    
,ev]y?+ else t has happ5$ only made me m
 det]m9$ to ov]come all difficulties2 b 
aft] ?is sad /roke ,i feel cru%$ & void 
( /r5g?4 ,only ?ree %ort mon?s ( h]     
society1 aft] f\r ye>s sep>ation6 ,i    
m>ri$ h] = love1 & ! long] ,i liv$ ) h] 
,i lov$ h] ! m4 ,a good wife1 & a good1 
brave1 k9dhe>t$ "m 0 %e1 des]v+ all !   
praises y be/[$ ^u h] at our p>t+ d9n]1 
= tea*+ h] own & ! native *ildr51 too1  
at ,kolob5g4 ,i try to b[ to ! bl[ z f  
our ,heav5ly ,fa!r1 :o ord]s all ?+s =  
u4444 ,i %all d my duty /ill1 b x is ) a
 d>k5$ horizon t ,i aga9 set ab\t x4    
,sir ,samuel ,romilly left beh9d him1 9 
8 ,autobiography1 a t\*+ picture ( 8    
wife1 to :om he attribut$ no small      
measure ( ! success & happ9ess t        
accompani$ him ?r\gh life4 ,= ! la/     

fifte5 ye>s1 he said1 my happ9ess has   
be5 ! con/ant /udy ( ! mo/ excell5t (   
wives3 a woman 9 :om a /rong und]/&+1 ! 
noble/ & mo/ elevat$ s5tim5ts1 & ! mo/  
c\rage\s virtue1 are unit$ to ! w>me/   
affection1 & to ! utmo/ delicacy ( m9d &
 he>t2 & all ^! intellectual p]fections 
are grac$ by ! mo/ spl5did beauty t     
human eyes ev] beheld4 #bjag ,romilly's 
affection & admiration = ?is noble woman
 endur$ to ! end2 & :5 %e di$1 ! %ock   
prov$ great] ?an 8 s5sitive nature c\ld 
be>4 ,sleep left 8 eyelids1 8 m9d became
 unh+$1 & ?ree days aft] h] dea? ! sad  
ev5t occurr$ :i* br\ght 8 own valu$ life
 to a close4 #bjah  ,sir ,francis       
,burdett1 to :om ,romilly _h be5 (t5    
politically oppos$1 fell into su* a /ate
 ( pr(\nd melan*oly on ! dea? ( 8 wife1 
t he p]si/5tly refus$ n\ri%m5t ( any    
k9d1 & di$ be=e ! removal ( h] rema9s f 
! h\se2 & husb& & wife 7 laid side by   
side 9 ! same grave4  ,x 0 grief = !    
loss ( 8 wife t s5t ,sir ,?omas ,graham 
into ! army at ! age ( =ty-?ree4 ,e "o  

kn[s ! picture ( ! newly-w$d$ pair by   
,ga9sbor\gh--"o ( ! mo/ exquisite ( t   
pa9t]'s works4 ,!y liv$ happily toge!r =
 eighte5 ye>s1 & !n %e di$1 leav+ him   
inconsolable4 ,to =get 8 sorr[--&1 z "s 
?\ght1 to get rid ( ! we>9ess ( 8 life  
)\t h]--,graham jo9$ ,"l ,hood z a      
volunte]1 & di/+ui%$ himself by !       
recklessness ( 8 brav]y at ! siege (    
,t\lon4 ,he s]v$ all ?r\gh ! ,p59sul>   
,w>1 fir/ "u ,sir ,john ,moore1 &       
aft]w>ds "u ,well+ton2 ris+ ?r\gh !     
v>i\s grades ( ! s]vice1 until he rose  
to be second 9 comm&4 ,he 0 commonly    
kn[n z ! h]o ( ,b>ossa1 because ( 8     
fam\s victory at t place2 & he 0        
ev5tually rais$ to ! pe]age z ,"l       
,lyn$o*1 end+ 8 days peacefully at a v  
advanc$ age4 ,b to ! la/ he t5d]ly *]i%$
 ! memory ( 8 dead wife1 to ! love ( :om
 he may be said to h ow$ all 8 glory4   
,nev]1 said ,%]idan ( him1 :5 pron\nc+ 8
 eulogy 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons--nev] 0 !re
 seat$ a l(ti] _s 9 a brav] he>t4  ,& s 
h noble wives *]i%$ ! memory ( _!       

husb&s4 ,!re is a celebrat$ monum5t 9   
,vi5na1 erect$ to ! memory ( "o ( ! be/ 
g5]als ( ! ,au/rian army1 on :i* !re is 
an inscription1 sett+ =? 8 great s]vices
 dur+ ! ,sev5 ,ye>s' ,w>1 conclud+ ) !  
words1 ,,non ,,patria1 ,,nec ,,imp]ator1
 ,,s$ ,,conjux ,,posuit4 ,:5 ,sir ,alb]t
 ,morton di$1 8 wife's grief 0 su* t %e 
%ortly foll[$ him1 & 0 laid by 8 side4  
,wotton's two l9es on ! ev5t h be5      
celebrat$ z conta9+ a volume 9 sev5te5  
words3            ,he fir/ deceas$2 %e =
 a little tri$           ,to live )\t   
him1 lik$ x n1 & di$4  ,s1 :5 ,wa%+ton's
 wife 0 in=m$ t h] de> "l _h suff]$ 8   
la/ agony--_h drawn 8 la/ brea?1 &      
dep>t$--%e said3 ',tis well2 all is n[  
ov]4 ,i %all soon foll[ him2 ,i h no m  
trials to pass ?r\gh4  ,n only h wom5   
be5 ! be/ companions1 fri5ds1 &         
consol]s1 b !y h 9 _m cases be5 ! mo/   
effective help]s ( _! husb&s 9 _!       
special l9es ( "w4 ,galvani 0 especially
 happy 9 8 wife4 ,%e 0 ! daught] (      
,pr(essor ,galeazzi2 & x is said to h   

be5 ?r\gh h] quick obs]vation ( !       
circum/ance ( ! leg ( a frog1 plac$ ne> 
an electrical ma*9e1 becom+ convuls$ :5 
t\*$ by a knife1 t h] husb& 0 fir/ l$ to
 inve/igate ! sci5ce :i* has s9ce become
 id5tifi$ ) 8 "n4 ,lavoisi]'s wife also 
0 a woman ( real sci5tific ability1 :o n
 only %>$ 9 h] husb&'s pursuits1 b ev5  
und]took ! task ( engrav+ ! plates t    
accompani$ 8 ',elem5ts4'  ,! late ,dr4  
,buckl& _h ano!r true help] 9 8 wife1 :o
 assi/$ him ) h] p51 prep>$ & m5d$ 8    
fossils1 & furni%$ _m ( ! draw+s &      
illu/rations ( 8 publi%$ works4 ,not)/&+
 h] devotion to h] husb&'s pursuits1    
says h] son1 ,frank ,buckl&1 9 ! preface
 to "o ( 8 fa!r's works1 %e did n       
neglect ! education ( h] *ildr51 b      
occupi$ h] morn+s 9 sup]9t5d+ _!        
in/ruction 9 s\nd & useful k4 ,! /]l+   
value ( h] lab\rs !y n[1 9 aft]-life1   
fully appreciate1 & feel mo/ ?ankful t  
!y 7 bless$ ) s good a "m4 #bjai  ,a    
/ill m rem>kable in/ance ( helpfulness 9
 a wife is pres5t$ 9 ! case ( ,hub]1 !  

,g5eva naturali/4 ,hub] 0 bl9d f 8      
sev5te5? ye>1 & yet he f\nd means to    
/udy & ma/] a bran* ( natural hi/ory    
dem&+ ! close/ obs]vation & ! ke5e/     
eyesight4 ,x 0 ?r\gh ! eyes ( 8 wife t 8
 m9d work$ z if !y _h be5 8 own4 ,%e    
enc\rag$ h] husb&'s /udies z a means (  
alleviat+ 8 privation1 :i* at l5g? he   
came to =get2 & 8 life 0 z prolong$ &   
happy z is usual ) mo/ naturali/s4 ,he  
ev5 w5t s f> z to decl>e t he %\ld be   
mis]able 7 he to rega9 8 eyesight4 ,i   
%\ld n "k1 he said1 to :at ext5t a p]son
 9 my situation c\ld be belov$2 besides1
 to me my wife is always "y1 fre%1 &    
pretty1 :i* is no light matt]4 ,hub]'s  
great "w on ',bees' is /ill reg>d$ z a  
ma/]piece1 embody+ a va/ am\nt ( orig9al
 obs]vation on _! habits & natural      
hi/ory4 ,inde$1 :ile read+ 8            
descriptions1 "o w\ld suppose t !y 7 !  
"w ( a s+ul>ly ke5sight$ man1 r ?an ( "o
 :o _h be5 entirely bl9d = tw5ty-five   
ye>s at ! "t at :i* he wrote !m4  ,n    
less t\*+ 0 ! devotion ( ,lady ,hamilton

 to ! s]vice ( h] husb&1 ! late ,sir    
,william ,hamilton1 ,pr(essor ( ,logic &
 ,metaphysics 9 ! ,univ]sity (          
,ed9burgh4 ,aft] he _h be5 /rick5 by    
p>alysis ?r\gh ov]work at ! age (       
fifty-six1 %e became h&s1 eyes1 m9d1 &  
ev]y?+ to him4 ,%e id5tifi$ h]self ) 8  
"w1 read & consult$ books = him1 copi$  
out & correct$ 8 lectures1 & reliev$ him
 ( all bus9ess :i* %e felt h]self       
compet5t to und]take4 ,inde$1 h] conduct
 z a wife 0 no?+ %ort ( h]oic2 & x is   
probable t b = h] devot$ & m ?an wifely 
help1 & h] r>e practical ability1 !     
greate/ ( h] husb&'s works w\ld nev] h  
se5 ! light4 ,he 0 by nature unme?odical
 & disord]ly1 & %e suppli$ him ) me?od &
 ord]l9ess4 ,8 temp]am5t 0 /udi\s b     
indol5t1 :ile %e 0 active & en]getic4   
,%e ab\nd$ 9 ! qualities :i* he mo/     
lack$4 ,he _h ! g5ius1 to :i* h] vigor\s
 nature gave ! =ce & impulse4  ,:5 ,sir 
,william ,hamilton 0 elect$ to 8        
,pr(essor%ip1 aft] a sev]e & ev5 bitt]  
conte/1 8 oppon5ts1 pr(ess+ to reg>d him

 z a vision>y1 pr$ict$ t he c\ld nev]   
tea* a class ( /ud5ts1 & t 8 appo9tm5t  
w\ld prove a total failure4 ,he det]m9$1
 ) ! help ( 8 wife1 to ju/ify ! *oice ( 
8 support]s1 & to prove t 8 enemies 7   
false prophets4 ,hav+ no /ock ( lectures
 on h&1 ea* lecture ( ! fir/ c\rse 0    
writt5 out day by day1 z x 0 to be      
deliv]$ on ! foll[+ morn+4 ,8 wife sat  
up ) him night aft] night1 to write out 
a fair copy ( ! lectures f ! r\gh %eets1
 :i* he draft$ 9 ! adjo9+ room4 ,on "s  
occasions1 says 8 biograph]1 ! subject (
 ! lectures w\ld prove less easily      
manag$ ?an on o!rs2 & !n ,sir ,william  
w\ld be f\nd writ+ z late z n9e o'clock 
9 ! morn+1 :ile 8 fai?ful b we>i$       
amanu5sis _h fall5 asleep on a s(a4     
#bjbj  ,sometimes ! f9i%+ t\*es to !    
lecture 7 left to be giv5 j be=e !      
class-h\r4 ,?us help$1 ,sir ,william    
complet$ 8 c\rse2 8 reputation z a      
lectur] 0 e/abli%$2 & he ev5tually      
became recognis$ ?r\gh\t ,europe z "o ( 
! lead+ intellects ( 8 "t4 #bjba  ,!    

woman :o soo!s anxiety by h] pres5ce1 :o
 *>ms & allays irritability by h]       
sweetness ( temp]1 is a consol] z well z
 a true help]4 ,niebuhr always spoke ( 8
 wife z a fell[-work] ) him 9 ?is s5se4 
,)\t ! peace & consolation :i* be f\nd 9
 h] society1 8 nature w\ld h frett$ 9   
comp>ative uselessness4 ,h] sweetness ( 
temp] & h] love1 said he1 raise me above
 ! e>?1 & 9 a mann] sep>ate me f ?is    
life4 ,b %e 0 a help] 9 ano!r & m direct
 way4 ,niebuhr 0 accu/om$ to discuss ) 8
 wife e hi/orical discov]y1 e political 
ev5t1 e novelty 9 lit]ature2 & x 0 ma9ly
 = h] pleasure & approbation1 9 ! fir/  
in/ance1 t he lab\r$ :ile prep>+ himself
 = ! in/ruction ( ! _w at l>ge4  ,! wife
 ( ,john ,/u>t ,mill 0 ano!r wor?y help]
 ( h] husb&1 ?\gh 9 a m ab/ruse dep>tm5t
 ( /udy1 z we le>n f 8 t\*+ d$ication ( 
! treatise ',on ,lib]ty'3--,to ! belov$ 
& deplor$ memory ( h] :o 0 ! inspir]1 & 
9 "p ! au?or1 ( all t is be/ 9 my       
writ+s--! fri5d & wife1 ^: exalt$ s5se (
 tru? & "r 0 my /ronge/ incitem5t1 & ^: 

approbation 0 my *ief rew>d1 ,i d$icate 
?is volume4 ,n less t\*+ is ! te/imony  
borne by ano!r great liv+ writ] to ! "* 
( 8 wife1 9 ! inscription ^u ! tomb/one 
( ,mrs4 ,c>lyle 9 ,hadd+ton ,*ur*y>d1   
:]e are inscrib$ ^! words3--,9 h] bright
 exi/5ce1 %e _h m sorr[s ?an are common1
 b also a s(t amiability1 a capacity (  
disc]nm5t1 & a noble loyalty ( he>t1 :i*
 are r>e4 ,= =ty ye>s %e 0 ! true & lov+
 helpmate ( h] husb&1 & by act & ^w     
unwe>i$ly =w>d$ him z none else c\ld1 9 
all ( wor?y t he did or attempt$4  ,!   
m>ri$ life ( ,f>aday 0 em95tly happy4 ,9
 8 wife he f\nd1 at ! same "t1 a true   
helpmate & s\l-mate4 ,%e support$1 *e]$1
 & /r5g!n$ him on 8 way ?r\gh life1 giv+
 him ! cle> cont5tm5t ( a he>t at ease4 
,9 8 di>y he speaks ( 8 m>riage z a     
s\rce ( hon\r & happ9ess f> exce$+ all !
 re/4 ,aft] tw5tyeight ye>s' exp]i5ce1  
he spoke ( x z an ev5t :i*1 m ?an any   
o!r1 _h contribut$ to 8 e>?ly happ9ess &
 heal?y /ate ( m9d4444 ,! union #bjsaid 
he has 9 n[ise *ang$1 except only 9 !   

dep? & /r5g? ( its "*4 ,& = six-&-=ty   
ye>s did ! union cont9ue unbrok52 ! love
 ( ! old man rema9+ z fre%1 z e>ne/1 z  
he>t-:ole1 z 9 ! days ( 8 impetu\s y\?4 
,9 ?is case1 m>riage 0 z--  ,a gold5 *a9
 let d[n f heav51 ,^: l9ks are bright & 
ev52 ,t falls l sleep on lov]s1 &       
comb9es ,! s(t & sweete/ m9ds ,9 equal  
knots4  ,besides be+ a help]1 woman is  
emphatically a consol]4 ,h] sympa?y is  
unfail+4 ,%e soo!s1 *e]s1 & com=ts4     
,nev] 0 ?is m true ?an 9 ! case ( ! wife
 ( ,tom ,hood1 ^: t5d] devotion to him1 
dur+ a life t 0 a prolong$ illness1 is  
"o ( ! mo/ affect+ ?+s 9 biography4 ,a  
woman ( excell5t good s5se1 %e          
appreciat$ h] husb&'s g5ius1 &1 by      
enc\ragem5t & sympa?y1 *e]$ & he>t5$ him
 to r5ew$ ef=t 9 _m a we>y /ruggle =    
life4 ,%e creat$ ab\t him an atmosph]e (
 hope & *e]fulness1 & n[h]e did ! sun%9e
 ( h] love seem s bright z :5 light+ up 
! c\* ( h] invalid husb&4  ,nor 0 he    
unconsci\s ( h] wor?4 ,9 "o ( 8 lett]s  
to h]1 :5 abs5t f 8 side1 ,hood said3 ,i

 nev] 0 any?+1 ,de>e/1 till ,i knew y2 &
 ,i h be5 a bett]1 happi]1 & m prosp]\s 
man ev] s9ce4 ,lay by t tru? 9 lav5d]1  
,sweete/1 & rem9d me ( x :5 ,i fail4 ,i 
am writ+ w>mly & fondly1 b n )\t good   
cause4 ,fir/1 y\r own affectionate      
lett]1 lately receiv$2 next1 !          
remembrance ( our de> *ildr51           
pl$ges--:at d>l+ ones6--( our old       
famili> love2 !n1 a delici\s impulse to 
p\r out ! ov]fl[+s ( my he>t into y\rs2 
& la/1 n lea/1 ! k t y\r de> eyes w read
 :at my h& is n[ writ+4 ,p]haps !re is  
an aft]?\ght t1 :atev] may befall me1 ! 
wife ( my bosom w h ! ackn[l$gm5t ( h]  
t5d]ness1 wor?1 excell5ce--all t is     
wifely or womanly1 f my p54 ,9 ano!r    
lett]1 also writt5 to 8 wife dur+ a     
brief abs5ce1 !re is a natural t\*1 %[+ 
8 deep affection = h]3 ,i w5t & retrac$ 
our walk 9 ! p>k1 & sat d[n on ! same   
seat1 & felt happi] & bett]4  ,b n only 
0 ,mrs4 ,hood a consol]1 %e 0 also a    
help] ( h] husb& 9 8 special "w4 ,he _h 
su* confid5ce 9 h] judgm5t1 t he read1 &

 re-read1 & correct$ ) h] assi/ance all 
t he wrote4 ,_m ( 8 pieces 7 fir/       
d$icat$ to h]2 & h] ready memory (t5    
suppli$ him ) ! necess>y ref]5ces &     
quotations4 ,?us1 9 ! roll ( noble wives
 ( m5 ( g5ius1 ,mrs4 ,hood w always be  
entitl$ to take a =emo/ place4  ,n less 
effective z a lit]>y help] 0 ,lady      
,napi]1 ! wife ( ,sir ,william ,napi]1  
hi/orian ( ! ,p59sul> ,w>4 ,%e enc\rag$ 
him to und]take ! "w1 & )\t h] help he  
w\ld h exp]i5c$ great difficulty 9      
complet+ x4 ,%e translat$ & epitomiz$ ! 
imm5se mass ( orig9al docum5ts1 _m ( !m 
9 ciph]1 on :i* x 0 9 a great measure   
f\nd$4 ,:5 ! ,duke ( ,well+ton 0 told ( 
! art & indu/ry %e _h display$ 9        
deciph]+ ,k+ ,joseph's portfolio1 & !   
imm5se mass ( correspond5ce tak5 at     
,vittoria1 he at fir/ w\ld h>dly believe
 x1 add+--,i w\ld h giv5 #bj1jjj,l4 to  
any p]son :o c\ld h done ?is = me 9 !   
,p59sula4 ,sir ,william ,napi]'s h&writ+
 be+ almo/ illegible1 ,lady ,napi] made 
out 8 r\gh int]l9$ manuscript1 :i* he   

himself c\ld sc>cely read1 & wrote out a
 full fair copy = ! pr9t]2 & all ?is va/
 lab\r %e und]took & accompli%$1 accord+
 to ! te/imony ( h] husb&1 )\t hav+ = a 
mom5t neglect$ ! c>e & education ( a    
l>ge family4 ,:5 ,sir ,william lay on 8 
dea?b$1 ,lady ,napi] 0 at ! same "t     
dang]\sly ill2 b %e 0 :eel$ into 8 room 
on a s(a1 & ! two took _! sil5t f>ewell 
( ea* o!r4 ,! husb& di$ fir/2 9 a few   
weeks ! wife foll[$ him1 & !y sleep side
 by side 9 ! same grave4  ,_m o!r simil>
 truehe>t$ wives rise up 9 ! memory1 to 
recite ^: praises w\ld m ?an fill up our
 rema9+ space--su* z ,flaxman's wife1   
,ann ,d5ham1 :o *e]$ & enc\rag$ h] husb&
 ?r\gh life 9 ! prosecution ( 8 art1    
accompany+ him to ,rome1 %>+ 9 8 lab\rs 
& anxieties1 & f9ally 9 8 triumphs1 & to
 :om ,flaxman1 9 ! =tie? ye> ( _! m>ri$ 
life1 d$icat$ 8 beautiful designs       
illu/rative ( ,fai?1 ,hope1 & ,*>ity1 9 
tok5 ( 8 deep & undimm$ affection2--su* 
z ,ka!r9e ,b\t*]1 d>k-ey$ ,kate1 ! wife 
( ,william ,blake1 :o believ$ h] husb&  

to be ! fir/ g5ius on e>?1 work$ (f !   
impressions ( 8 plates & col\r$ !m      
beautifully ) h] own h&1 bore ) him 9   
all 8 erratic ways1 sympa?is$ ) him 9 8 
sorr[s & joys = =ty-five ye>s1 & com=t$ 
him until 8 dy+ h\r--8 la/ sket*1 made 9
 8 sev5ty-fir/ ye>1 be+ a lik5ess (     
himself1 be=e mak+ :i*1 see+ 8 wife cry+
 by 8 side1 he said1 ,/ay1 ,kate6 j keep
 z y are2 ,i w draw y\r portrait1 = y h 
ev] be5 an angel to me2--su* aga9 z     
,lady ,frankl91 ! true & noble woman1 :o
 nev] re/$ 9 h] endeav\rs to p5etrate ! 
secret ( ! ,pol> ,sea & prosecute ! se>*
 = h] long-lo/ husb&--undaunt$ by       
failure1 & p]sev]+ 9 h] det]m9ation ) a 
devotion & s+l5ess ( purpose altoge!r   
unp>allel$2--or su* aga9 z ! wife (     
,zimm]mann1 ^: int5se melan*oly %e /rove
 9 va9 to assuage1 sympa?iz+ ) him1     
li/5+ to him1 & endeav\r+ to und]/&     
him--& to :om1 :5 on h] dea?b$1 ab\t to 
leave him = ev]1 %e address$ ! t\*+     
words1 ,my poor ,zimm]mann6 :o w n[     
und]/& !e8  ,wives h actively help$ _!  

husb&s 9 o!r ways4 ,be=e ,we9sb]g       
surr5d]$ to its besieg]s1 ! wom5 ( !    
place ask$ p]mission ( ! captors to     
remove _! valuables4 ,! p]mission 0     
grant$1 & %ortly aft]1 ! wom5 7 se5     
issu+ f ! gates c>ry+ _! husb&s on _!   
%\ld]s4 ,"l ,ni?sdale ow$ 8 escape f    
prison to ! address ( 8 wife1 :o *ang$  
g>m5ts ) him1 s5d+ him =? 9 h] /ead1 &  
h]self rema9+ prison]1--an example :i* 0
 successfully repeat$ by ,madame de     
,lavalette4  ,b ! mo/ rem>kable in/ance 
( ! release ( a husb& ?r\gh ! devotion (
 a wife1 0 t ( ! celebrat$ ,grotius4 ,he
 _h la9 = ne>ly tw5ty mon?s 9 ! /rong   
=tress ( ,loeve/e91 ne> ,gorcum1 hav+   
be5 condemn$ by ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$   
,prov9ces to p]petual imprisonm5t4 ,8   
wife1 hav+ be5 all[$ to %>e 8 cell1     
greatly reliev$ 8 solitude4 ,%e 0       
p]mitt$ to g into ! t[n twice a week1 & 
br+ h] husb& books1 ( :i* he requir$ a  
l>ge numb] to enable him to prosecute 8 
/udies4 ,at l5g? a l>ge *e/ 0 requir$ to
 hold !m4 ,?is ! s5tries at fir/ exam9$ 

) great /rictness1 b1 f9d+ t x only     
conta9$ books #bj;among/ o!rs ,arm9ian  
books & l951 !y at l5g? gave up ! se>*1 
& x 0 all[$ to pass out & 9 z a matt] ( 
c\rse4 ,?is l$ ,grotius' wife to        
conceive ! idea ( releas+ him2 & %e     
p]suad$ him "o day to deposit himself 9 
! *e/ in/ead ( ! outgo+ books4 ,:5 ! two
 soldi]s appo9t$ to remove x took x up1 
!y felt x to be consid]ably heavi] ?an  
usual1 & "o ( !m ask$1 je/+ly1 ,h we got
 ! ,arm9ian himself "h8 to :i* !        
ready-witt$ wife repli$1 ,yes1 p]haps "s
 ,arm9ian books4 ,! *e/ rea*$ ,gorcum 9 
safety2 ! captive 0 releas$2 & ,grotius 
escap$ across ! fronti] into ,brabant1 &
 aft]w>ds into ,france1 :]e he 0 rejo9$ 
by 8 wife4  ,trial & suff]+ are ! te/s (
 m>ri$ life4 ,!y br+ out ! real "*1 &   
(t5 t5d to produce ! close/ union4 ,!y  
may ev5 be ! spr+ ( ! pure/ happ9ess4   
,un9t]rupt$ joy1 l un9t]rupt$ success1  
is n good = ei!r man or woman4 ,:5      
,he9e's wife di$1 he began to reflect ^u
 ! loss he _h su/a9$4 ,!y _h bo? kn[n   

pov]ty1 & /ruggl$ ?r\gh x h&-9-h&2 & x 0
 8 greate/ sorr[ t %e 0 tak5 f him at ! 
mom5t :5 =tune 0 beg9n+ to smile ^u him1
 b too late = h] to %>e 9 8 prosp]ity4  
,alas ,i said he1 among/ my griefs mu/  
,i reckon ev5 h] love--! /ronge/1 true/1
 t ev] inspir$ ! he>t ( woman--:i* made 
me ! happie/ ( mortals1 & yet 0 to me a 
f\nta9 ( a ?\s& di/resses1 inquietudes1 
& c>es8 ,to entire *e]fulness1 p]haps1  
%e nev] atta9$2 b = :at unspeakable     
sweetness1 :at exalt$1 enraptur+ joys1  
is n love indebt$ to sorr[6 ,amid/ gr[+ 
anxieties1 ) ! torture ( angui% 9 my    
he>t1 ,i h be5 made1 ev5 by ! loss :i*  
caus$ me ?is angui% & ^! anxieties1     
inexpressibly happy6 ,:5 te>s fl[$ ov]  
our *eeks1 did n a nameless1 seldom-felt
 delight /ream ?r\gh my brea/1 oppress$ 
equally by joy & sorr[6  ,!re is a      
degree ( s5tim5t 9 ,g]man love :i* seems
 /range to ,engli% read]s1--su* z we f9d
 depict$ 9 ! lives ( ,novalis1 ,jung    
,/ill+1 ,fi*te1 ,jean ,paul1 & o!rs t   
might be nam$4 ,! ,g]man betro?al is a  

c]emony ( almo/ equal importance to !   
m>riage itself2 & 9 t /ate ! s5tim5ts   
are all[$ free play1 :il/ ,engli% lov]s 
are re/ra9$1 %y1 & z if a%am$ ( _!      
feel+s4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! case (      
,h]d]1 :om 8 future wife fir/ saw 9 !   
pulpit4 ,i he>d1 %e says1 ! voice ( an  
angel1 & s\l's words su* z ,i _h nev]   
he>d be=e4 ,9 ! aft]noon ,i saw him1 &  
/amm]$ out my ?anks to him2 f ?is "t =? 
our s\ls 7 "o4 ,!y 7 betro!d long be=e  
_! means w\ld p]mit !m to m>ry2 b at    
l5g? !y 7 unit$4 ,we 7 m>ri$1 says      
,c>ol9e1 ! wife1 by ! rose-light ( a    
beautiful ev5+4 ,we 7 "o he>t1 "o s\l4  
,h]d] 0 equally ec/atic 9 8 language4 ,i
 h a wife1 he wrote to ,jacobi1 t is !  
tree1 ! consolation1 & ! happ9ess ( my  
life4 ,ev5 9 fly+ transi5t ?\ghts #bj:i*
 (t5 surprise u1 we are "o6  ,take1     
aga91 ! case ( ,fi*te1 9 ^: hi/ory 8    
c\rt%ip & m>riage =m a beautiful        
episode4 ,he 0 a poor ,g]man /ud5t1 liv+
 ) a family at ,zuri* 9 ! capacity (    
tutor1 :5 he fir/ made ! acqua9tance (  

,johanna ,m>ia ,hahn1 a niece (         
,klop/ock4 ,h] position 9 life 0 high]  
?an t ( ,fi*te2 nev]!less1 %e reg>d$ him
 ) s9c]e admiration4 ,:5 ,fi*te 0 ab\t  
to leave ,zuri*1 8 tro? plight$ to h]1  
%e1 kn[+ him to be v poor1 (f]$ him a   
gift ( money be=e sett+ out4 ,he 0      
inexpressibly hurt by ! (f]1 &1 at fir/1
 ev5 d\bt$ :e!r %e c\ld really love him2
 b1 on second ?\ghts1 he wrote to h]1   
express+ 8 deep ?anks1 b1 at ! same "t1 
! impossibility ( 8 accept+ su* a gift f
 h]4 ,he succe$$ 9 rea*+ 8 de/9ation1   
?\gh entirely de/itute ( means4 ,aft] a 
long & h>d /ruggle ) ! _w1 ext5d+ ov] _m
 ye>s1 ,fi*te 0 at l5g? e>n+ money en\gh
 to enable him to m>ry4 ,9 "o ( 8 *>m+  
lett]s to 8 betro!d he said3--,& s1     
de>e/1 ,i solemnly devote myself to !e1 
& ?ank !e t ?\ ha/ ?\ght me n unwor?y to
 be ?y companion on ! j\rney ( life4444 
,!re is no l& ( happ9ess "h bel[--,i "k 
x n[--b a l& ( toil1 :]e e joy b /r5g!ns
 u = great] lab\r4 ,h&-9-h& we %all     
trav]se x1 & enc\rage & /r5g!n ea* o!r1 

until our spirits--oh1 may x be         
toge!r6--%all rise to ! et]nal f\nta9 ( 
all peace4  ,! m>ri$ life ( ,fi*te 0 v  
happy4 ,8 wife prov$ a true & highm9d$  
helpmate4 ,dur+ ! ,w> ( ,lib]ation %e 0 
assidu\s 9 h] att5tion to ! w\nd$ 9 !   
hospitals1 :]e %e caught a malignant    
fev]1 :i* ne>ly c>ri$ h] (f4 ,fi*te     
himself caught ! same disease1 & 0 = a  
"t completely pro/rat$2 b he liv$ = a   
few m ye>s & di$ at ! e>ly age (        
fifty-two1 consum$ by 8 own fire4  ,:at 
a contra/ does ! c\rt%ip & m>ri$ life ( 
! blunt & practical ,william ,cobbett   
pres5t to ! ae/hetical & s5tim5tal love 
( ^! highly ref9$ ,g]mans6 ,n less      
hone/1 n less true1 b1 z "s w\ld ?9k1   
comp>atively co>se & vulg>4 ,:5 he fir/ 
set eyes ^u ! girl t 0 aft]w>ds to      
become 8 wife1 %e 0 only ?irte5 ye>s    
old1 & he 0 tw5ty-"o--a s]geant-major 9 
a foot regim5t /ation$ at ,/4 ,john's 9 
,new ,brunswick4 ,he 0 pass+ ! door ( h]
 fa!r's h\se "o day 9 w9t]1 & saw ! girl
 out 9 ! sn[1 scrubb+ a wa%+-tub4 ,he   

said at once to himself1 ,t's ! girl =  
me4 ,he made h] acqua9tance1 & resolv$ t
 %e %\ld be 8 wife s soon z he c\ld get 
dis*>g$ f ! army4  ,on ! eve ( ! girl's 
return to ,woolwi* ) h] fa!r1 :o 0 a    
s]geant-major 9 ! artill]y1 ,cobbett s5t
 h] a hundr$ & fifty gu9eas :i* he _h   
sav$1 9 ord] t %e might be able to live 
)\t h>d "w until 8 return to ,engl&4 ,! 
girl dep>t$1 tak+ ) h] ! money2 & five  
ye>s lat] ,cobbett obta9$ 8 dis*>ge4 ,on
 rea*+ ,london1 he made ha/e to call ^u 
! s]geant-major's daught]4 ,i f\nd1 he  
says1 my little girl a s]vant-(-all-"w  
#bj;& h>d "w x 01 at five p\nds a ye>1 9
 ! h\se ( a ,capta9 ,brisac2 &1 )\t     
h>dly say+ a ^w ab\t ! matt]1 %e put    
into my h&s ! :ole ( my hundr$ & fifty  
gu9eas1 unbrok54 ,admiration ( h]       
conduct 0 n[ add$ to love ( h] p]son1 & 
,cobbett %ortly aft] m>ri$ ! girl1 :o   
prov$ an excell5t wife4 ,he 01 inde$1   
nev] tir$ ( speak+ h] praises1 & x 0 8  
pride to attribute to h] all ! com=t &  
mu* ( ! success ( 8 aft]-life4  ,?\gh   

,cobbett 0 reg>d$ by _m 9 8 lifetime z a
 co>se1 h>d1 practical man1 full (      
prejudices1 !re 0 yet a /rong und]curr5t
 ( poetry 9 8 nature2 &1 :ile he        
declaim$ aga9/ s5tim5t1 !re 7 few m5 m  
?or\ghly imbu$ ) s5tim5t ( ! be/ k9d4   
,he _h ! t5d]e/ reg>d = ! "* ( woman4   
,he respect$ h] purity & h] virtue1 & 9 
8 ',advice to ,"y ,m51' he has pa9t$ !  
true womanly woman--! helpful1 *e]ful1  
affectionate wife--) a vividness &      
brightness1 &1 at ! same "t1 a =ce (    
good s5se1 t has nev] be5 surpass$ by   
any ,engli% writ]4 ,cobbett 0 any?+ b   
ref9$1 9 ! conv5tional s5se ( ! ^w2 b he
 0 pure1 temp]ate1 self-d5y+1 indu/ri\s1
 vigor\s1 & en]getic1 9 an em95t degree4
 ,_m ( 8 views 71 no d\bt1 wrong1 b !y 7
 8 own1 = he insi/$ on ?9k+ = himself 9 
ev]y?+4 ,?\gh few m5 took a firm] grasp 
( ! real ?an he did1 p]haps /ill few] 7 
m sway$ by ! ideal4 ,9 ^w-pictures ( 8  
own emotions1 he is unsurpass$4 ,inde$1 
,cobbett might almo/ be reg>d$ z "o ( ! 
greate/ prose poets ( ,engli% real life4

     ,,*apt] ,,xii--,,! ,,discipl9e ,,( 
,,exp]i5ce4          ,i w\ld ! great    
w\ld gr[ l !e4         ,:o grewe/ n     
alone 9 p[]         ,& k1 b by ye> & h\r
       ,9 rev]5ce & 9 *>ity4--,,t5nyson4
        ,n to be unhappy is             
unhappynesse1       ,& mis]y n t'h kn[n 
mis]ie2       ,= ! be/ way unto         
discretion is       ,! way t leades u by
 adv]sitie2       ,& m5 are bett] %ew'd 
:at is amisse1       ,by ?'exp]t f+] (  
calamitie1       ,?an !y c be ) all t   
=tune br+s1       ,:o nev] %ewes !m !   
true face ( ?+s4--,,daniel4        ,a   
lump ( wo affliction is1       ,yet !nce
 ,i borr[ lumps ( bliss2       ,?\gh few
 c see a bless+ 9't1       ,x is my     
furnace & my m9t4                       
--,,ersk9e',s ,,gospel ,,sonnets4       
,crosses gr[ an*ors1 be> z ?\ %\ld/ s   
,?y cross1 & t cross gr[s an an*or      
too4--,,donne4          ,be ! day we>y1 
or be ! day long1         ,at l5g? x    
r+e? to ,ev5song4--,,anci5t ,,c\plet4   
,practical wisdom is only to be le>nt 9 

! s*ool ( exp]i5ce4 ,precepts &         
in/ructions are useful s f> z !y g1 b1  
)\t ! discipl9e ( real life1 !y rema9 ( 
! nature ( !ory only4 ,! h>d facts (    
exi/5ce h to be fac$1 to give t t\* (   
tru? to "* :i* c nev] be imp>t$ by read+
 or tuition1 b only by contact ) ! broad
 in/9cts ( common m5 & wom54  ,to be    
wor? any?+1 "* mu/ be capable ( /&+ firm
 ^u its feet 9 ! _w ( daily "w1         
temptation1 & trial2 & able to be> !    
we>-&-te> ( actual life4 ,cloi/]$       
virtues d n c\nt = mu*4 ,! life t       
rejoices 9 solitude may be only rejoic+ 
9 selfi%ness4 ,seclusion may indicate   
contempt = o!rs2 ?\gh m usually x means 
indol5ce1 c[>dice1 or self-indulg5ce4   
,to e human be+ belongs 8 fair %>e (    
manful toil & human duty2 & x _c be     
%irk$ )\t loss to ! individual himself1 
z well z to ! community to :i* he       
belongs4 ,x is only by mix+ 9 ! daily   
life ( ! _w1 & tak+ "p 9 its affairs1 t 
practical k c be acquir$1 & wisdom      
le>nt4 ,x is !re t we f9d our *ief sph]e

 ( duty1 t we le>n ! discipl9e ( "w1 & t
 we educate ourselves 9 t pati5ce1      
dilig5ce1 & endurance :i* %ape &        
consolidate ! "*4 ,!re we enc\nt] !     
difficulties1 trials1 & temptations :i*1
 accord+ z we deal ) !m1 give a col\r to
 our entire aft]-life2 & !re1 too1 we   
become subject to ! great discipl9e (   
suff]+1 f :i* we le>n f> m ?an f ! safe 
seclusion ( ! /udy or ! cloi/]4         
,contact ) o!rs is also requisite to    
enable a man to "k himself4 ,x is only  
by mix+ freely 9 ! _w t "o c =m a prop] 
e/imate ( 8 own capacity4 ,)\t su*      
exp]i5ce1 "o is apt to become conceit$1 
puff$-up1 & arrogant2 at all ev5ts1 he w
 rema9 ignorant ( himself1 ?\gh he may  
h]et(ore h enjoy$ no o!r company4       
,swift once said3 ,x is an uncontrov]t$ 
tru?1 t no man ev] made an ill-figure :o
 und]/ood 8 own tal5ts1 nor a good "o :o
 mi/ook !m4 ,_m p]sons1 h[ev]1 are      
readi] to take measure ( ! capacity (   
o!rs ?an ( !mselves4 ,br+ him to me1    
said a c]ta9 ,dr4 ,tron*91 ( ,g5eva1    

speak+ ( ,r\sseau--,br+ him to me1 t ,i 
may see :e!r he has got any?+ 9 him6--! 
probability be+ t ,r\sseau1 :o knew     
himself bett]1 0 mu* m likely to take   
measure ( ,tron*9 ?an ,tron*9 0 to take 
measure ( him4  ,a due am\nt ( self-k   
is1 !re=e1 necess>y = ^? :o w\ld ,,be   
any?+ or ,,d any?+ 9 ! _w4 ,x is also "o
 ( ! fir/ ess5tials to ! =mation (      
di/9ct p]sonal convictions4 ,fr$]ic     
,p]!s once said to a "y fri5d3 ,y "k    
only too well :at y ,,c d2 b till y h   
le>n$ :at y ,,_c d1 y w nei!r accompli% 
any?+ ( mom5t1 nor "k inw>d peace4  ,any
 "o :o w\ld pr(it by exp]i5ce w nev] be 
above ask+ = help4 ,he :o ?9ks himself  
already too wise to le>n ( o!rs1 w nev] 
succe$ 9 do+ any?+ ei!r good or great4  
,we h to keep our m9ds & he>ts op51 &   
nev] be a%am$ to le>n1 ) ! assi/ance (  
^? :o are wis] & m exp]i5c$ ?an         
ourselves4  ,! man made wise by exp]i5ce
 endeav\rs to judge correctly ( ! ?ugs  
:i* come "u 8 obs]vation1 & =m ! subject
 ( 8 daily life4 ,:at we call common    

s5se is1 = ! mo/ "p1 b ! result ( common
 exp]i5ce wisely improv$4 ,nor is great 
ability necess>y to acquire x1 s mu* z  
pati5ce1 accuracy1 & wat*fulness4       
,hazlitt ?\ght ! mo/ s5sible p to be met
 ) are intellig5t m5 ( bus9ess & ( ! _w1
 :o argue f :at !y see & "k1 in/ead (   
sp9n+ cobweb di/9ctions ( :at ?+s ought 
to be4  ,= ! same reason1 wom5 (t5      
display m good s5se ?an m51 hav+ few]   
pret5sions1 & judg+ ( ?+s naturally1 by 
! involunt>y impression !y make on !    
m9d4 ,_! intuitive p[]s are quick]1 _!  
p]ceptions m acute1 _! sympa?ies m      
lively1 & _! mann]s m adaptive to       
p>ticul> ends4 ,h5ce _! great] tact z   
display$ 9 ! managem5t ( o!rs1 wom5 (   
app>5tly sl5d] intellectual p[]s (t5    
contriv+ to control & regulate ! conduct
 ( m5 ( ev5 ! mo/ impracticable nature4 
,pope paid a high complim5t to ! tact & 
good s5se ( ,m>y1 ,que5 ( ,william      
,,iii41 :5 he describ$ h] z possess+1 n 
a sci5ce1 b #ba:at 0 wor? all else      
prud5ce4  ,! :ole ( life may be reg>d$ z

 a great s*ool ( exp]i5ce1 9 :i* m5 &   
wom5 are ! pupils4 ,z 9 a s*ool1 _m ( ! 
lessons le>nt !re mu/ ne$s be tak5 on   
tru/4 ,we may n und]/& !m1 & may        
possibly ?9k x h>d t we h to le>n !m1   
especially :]e ! tea*]s are trials1     
sorr[s1 temptations1 & difficulties2 &  
yet we mu/ n only accept _! lessons1 b  
recognise !m z be+ div9ely appo9t$4  ,to
 :at ext5t h ! pupils pr(it$ by _!      
exp]i5ce 9 ! s*ool ( life8 ,:at         
advantage h !y tak5 ( _! opportunities =
 le>n+8 ,:at h !y ga9$ 9 discipl9e (    
he>t & m9d8--h[ mu* 9 gr[? ( wisdom1    
c\rage1 self-control8 ,h !y pres]v$ _!  
integrity amid/ prosp]ity1 & enjoy$ life
 9 temp]ance & mod]ation8 ,or1 has life 
be5 ) !m a m]e fea/ ( selfi%ness1 )\t   
c>e or ?\ght = o!rs8 ,:at h !y le>nt f  
trial & adv]sity8 ,h !y le>nt pati5ce1  
submission1 & tru/ 9 ,god8--or h !y     
le>nt no?+ b impati5ce1 qu]ul\sness1 &  
discont5t8  ,! results ( exp]i5ce are1 (
 c\rse1 only to be a*iev$ by liv+2 &    
liv+ is a "q ( "t4 ,! man ( exp]i5ce    

le>ns to rely ^u ,"t z 8 help]4 ,"t & ,i
 aga9/ any two1 0 a maxim ( ,c>d9al     
,maz>94 ,"t has be5 describ$ z a        
beautifi] & z a consol]2 b x is also a  
tea*]4 ,x is ! food ( exp]i5ce1 ! soil (
 wisdom4 ,x may be ! fri5d or ! enemy ( 
y\?2 & ,"t w sit beside ! old z a       
consol] or z a torm5tor1 accord+ z x has
 be5 us$ or misus$1 & ! pa/ life has be5
 well or ill sp5t4  ,"t1 says ,george   
,h]b]t1 is ! rid] t breaks y\?4 ,to !   
"y1 h[ bright ! new _w looks6--h[ full (
 novelty1 ( enjoym5t1 ( pleasure6 ,b z  
ye>s pass1 we f9d ! _w to be a place (  
sorr[ z well z ( joy4 ,z we proce$ ?r\gh
 life1 _m d>k vi/as op5 ^u u--( toil1   
suff]+1 difficulty1 p]haps mis=tune &   
failure4 ,happy !y :o c pass ?r\gh &    
amid/ su* trials ) a firm m9d & pure    
he>t1 enc\nt]+ trials ) *e]fulness1 &   
/&+ erect b5ea? ev5 ! heavie/ burd56  ,a
 little y\?ful ard\r is a great help 9  
life1 & is useful z an en]getic motive  
p[]4 ,x is gradually cool$ d[n by ,"t1  
no matt] h[ gl[+ x has be51 :ile x is   

tra9$ & subdu$ by exp]i5ce4 ,b x is a   
heal?y & hopeful indication ( "*1--to be
 enc\rag$ 9 a "r direction1 & n to be   
sne]$ d[n & repress$4 ,x is a sign ( a  
vigor\s unselfi% nature1 z egotism is ( 
a n>r[ & selfi% "o2 & to beg9 life )    
egotism & self-suffici5cy is fatal to   
all bread? & vig\r ( "*4 ,life1 9 su* a 
case1 w\ld be l a ye> 9 :i* !re 0 no    
spr+4 ,)\t a g5]\s se$time1 !re w be an 
unfl[]+ summ] & an unproductive h>ve/4  
,& y\? is ! spr+time ( life1 9 :i*1 if  
!re be n a fair %>e ( en?usiasm1 little 
w be attempt$1 & /ill less done4 ,x also
 consid]ably helps ! work+ quality1     
inspir+ confid5ce & hope1 & c>ry+ "o    
?r\gh ! dry details ( bus9ess & duty )  
*e]fulness & joy4  ,x is ! due admixture
 ( romance & reality1 said ,sir ,h5ry   
,lawr5ce1 t be/ c>ries a man ?r\gh      
life444 ,! quality ( romance or         
en?usiasm is to be valu$ z an en]gy     
imp>t$ to ! human m9d to prompt & su/a9 
its noble/ ef=ts4 ,sir ,h5ry always urg$
 ^u "y m51 n t !y %\ld repress          

en?usiasm1 b s$ul\sly cultivate & direct
 ! feel+1 z "o implant$ = wise & noble  
purposes4 ,:5 ! two faculties ( romance 
& reality1 he said1 are duly bl5d$1     
reality pursues a /raight r\gh pa? to a 
desirable & practicable result2 :ile    
romance beguiles ! road by po9t+ out its
 beauties--by be/[+ a deep & practical  
conviction t1 ev5 9 ?is d>k & mat]ial   
exi/5ce1 !re may be f\nd a joy ) :i* a  
/rang] int]m$dle? n--a light t %9e? m & 
m unto ! p]fect day4 #baa  ,x 0         
*>act]i/ic ( ,joseph ,lanca/]1 :5 a boy 
( only f\rte5 ye>s ( age1 aft] read+    
',cl>kson on ! ,slave ,trade1' to =m !  
resolution ( leav+ 8 home & go+ out to !
 ,we/ ,indies to tea* ! poor blacks to  
read ! ,bible4 ,& he actually set out ) 
a ,bible & ',pilgrim's ,progress' 9 8   
bundle1 & only a few %ill+s 9 8 purse4  
,he ev5 succe$$ 9 rea*+ ! ,we/ ,indies1 
d\btless v mu* at a loss h[ to set ab\t 
8 propos$ "w2 b 9 ! meantime 8 di/ress$ 
p>5ts1 hav+ discov]$ :i!r he _h gone1 _h
 him spe$ily br\ght back1 yet ) 8       

en?usiasm unabat$2 & f t "t =w>d he     
unceas+ly devot$ himself to ! truly     
philan?ropic "w ( educat+ ! de/itute    
poor4 #bab  ,!re ne$s all ! =ce t       
en?usiasm c give to enable a man to     
succe$ 9 any great ent]prise ( life4    
,)\t x1 ! ob/ruction & difficulty he has
 to enc\nt] on e side might compel him  
to succumb2 b ) c\rage & p]sev]ance1    
inspir$ by en?usiasm1 a man feels /rong 
en\gh to face any dang]1 to grapple )   
any difficulty4 ,:at an en?usiasm 0 t ( 
,columbus1 :o1 believ+ 9 ! exi/5ce ( a  
new _w1 brav$ ! dang]s ( unkn[n seas2 & 
:5 ^? ab\t him despair$ & rose up aga9/ 
him1 ?reat5+ to ca/ him into ! sea1 /ill
 /ood firm ^u 8 hope & c\rage until !   
great new _w at l5g? rose ^u ! horizon6 
,! brave man w n be baffl$1 b tries &   
tries aga9 until he succe$s4 ,! tree    
does n fall at ! fir/ /roke1 b only by  
repeat$ /rokes & aft] great lab\r4 ,we  
may see ! visible success at :i* a man  
has arriv$1 b =get ! toil & suff]+ &    
p]il ?r\gh :i* x has be5 a*iev$4 ,:5 a  

fri5d ( ,m>%al ,lefevre 0 complim5t+ him
 on 8 possessions & good =tune1 ! ,m>%al
 said3 ,y envy me1 d y8 ,well1 y %all h 
^! ?+s at a bett] b>ga9 ?an ,i _h4 ,come
 into ! c\rt3 ,i'll fire at y ) a gun   
tw5ty times at ?irty paces1 & if ,i     
don't kill y1 all %all be y\r own4 ,:at6
 y won't6 ,v well2 recollect1 !n1 t ,i h
 be5 %ot at m ?an a ?\s& times1 & mu*   
ne>]1 be=e ,i arriv$ at ! /ate 9 :i* y  
n[ f9d me6  ,! appr5tice%ip ( difficulty
 is "o :i* ! greate/ ( m5 h _h to s]ve4 
,x is usually ! be/ /imulus & discipl9e 
( "*4 ,x (t5 evokes p[]s ( action t1 b =
 x1 w\ld h rema9$ dormant4 ,z comets are
 sometimes reveal$ by eclipses1 s h]oes 
are br\ght to light by sudd5 calamity4  
,x seems z if1 9 c]ta9 cases1 g5ius1 l  
iron /ruck by ! fl9t1 ne$$ ! %>p & sudd5
 bl[ ( adv]sity to br+ out ! div9e sp>k4
 ,!re are natures :i* blossom & rip5    
amid/ trials1 :i* w\ld only )] & decay 9
 an atmosph]e ( ease & com=t4  ,?us x is
 good = m5 to be r\s$ into action &     
/iff5$ into self-reliance by difficulty1

 r ?an to slumb] away _! lives 9 useless
 apa?y & indol5ce4 #bac ,x is ! /ruggle 
t is ! condition ( victory4 ,if !re 7 no
 difficulties1 !re w\ld be no ne$ (     
ef=ts2 if !re 7 no temptations1 !re w\ld
 be no tra9+ 9 self-control1 & b little 
m]it 9 virtue2 if !re 7 no trial &      
suff]+1 !re w\ld be no education 9      
pati5ce & resignation4 ,?us difficulty1 
adv]sity1 & suff]+ are n all evil1 b (t5
 ! be/ s\rce ( /r5g?1 discipl9e1 &      
virtue4  ,= ! same reason1 x is (t5 (   
advantage = a man to be "u ! necessity (
 hav+ to /ruggle ) pov]ty & conqu] x4   
,he :o has battl$1 says ,c>lyle1 7 x    
only ) pov]ty & h>d toil1 w be f\nd     
/rong] & m exp]t ?an he :o c\ld /ay at  
home f ! battle1 conceal$ among !       
provision waggons1 or ev5 re/           
unwat*fully 'abid+ by ! /uff4'  ,s*ol>s 
h f\nd pov]ty tol]able comp>$ ) !       
privation ( intellectual food4 ,ri*es   
weigh mu* m heavily ^u ! m9d4 ,i _c b   
*oose say to ,pov]ty1 said ,ri*t]1 ,be  
welcome6 s t ?\ come n too late 9 life4 

,pov]ty1 ,horace tells u1 drove him to  
poetry1 & poetry introduc$ him to ,v>us 
& ,virgil & ,maec5as4 ,ob/acles1 says   
,mi*elet1 are great inc5tives4 ,i liv$ =
 :ole ye>s ^u a ,virgil1 & f\nd myself  
well (f4 ,an odd volume ( ,rac9e1       
pur*as$ by *ance at a /all on ! quay1   
creat$ ! poet ( ,t\lon4  ,! ,spani>ds   
are ev5 said to h meanly rejoic$ !      
pov]ty ( ,c]vantes1 b = :i* !y suppos$ !
 production ( 8 great works might h be5 
prev5t$4 ,:5 ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,tol$o visit$
 ! ,fr5* ambassador at ,madrid1 !       
g5tlem5 9 ! suite ( ! latt] express$ _! 
high admiration ( ! writ+s ( ! au?or (  
',don ,quixote1' & intimat$ _! desire ( 
becom+ acqua9t$ ) "o :o _h giv5 !m s mu*
 pleasure4 ,! answ] !y receiv$ 01 t     
,c]vantes _h borne arms 9 ! s]vice ( 8  
c\ntry1 & 0 n[ old & poor4 ,:at6        
exclaim$ "o ( ! ,fr5*m51 is n ,s5or     
,c]vantes 9 good circum/ances8 ,:y is he
 n ma9ta9$1 !n1 out ( ! public treasury8
 ,heav5 =bid6 0 ! reply1 t 8 necessities
 %\ld be ev] reliev$1 if x is ^? :i*    

make him write2 s9ce x is 8 pov]ty t    
makes ! _w ri*6 #bad  ,x is n prosp]ity 
s mu* z adv]sity1 n weal? s mu* z       
pov]ty1 t /imulates ! p]sev]ance ( /rong
 & heal?y natures1 r\ses _! en]gy &     
developes _! "*4 ,burke said ( himself3 
,i 0 n rock$1 & swaddl$1 & d&l$ into a  
legislator4 ',,nitor ,,9 ,,adv]sum' is !
 motto = a man l y4 ,"s m5 only require 
a great difficulty set 9 _! way to      
exhibit ! =ce ( _! "* & g5ius2 & t      
difficulty once conqu]$ becomes "o ( !  
greate/ inc5tives to _! fur!r progress4 
,x is a mi/ake to suppose t m5 succe$   
?r\gh success2 !y mu* (t5] succe$ ?r\gh 
failure4 ,by f> ! be/ exp]i5ce ( m5 is  
made up ( _! rememb]$ failures 9 deal+ )
 o!rs 9 ! affairs ( life4 ,su* failures1
 9 s5sible m51 incite to bett]          
self-managem5t1 & great] tact &         
self-control1 z a means ( avoid+ !m 9 ! 
future4 ,ask ! diplomati/1 & he w tell y
 t he has le>n$ 8 art ?r\gh be+ baffl$1 
defeat$1 ?w>t$1 & circumv5t$1 f> m ?an f
 hav+ succe$$4 ,precept1 /udy1 advice1 &

 example c\ld nev] h taught !m s well z 
failure has done4 ,x has discipl9$ !m   
exp]im5tally1 & taught !m :at to d z    
well z :at ,,n to d--:i* is (t5 /ill m  
important 9 diplomacy4  ,_m h to make up
 _! m9ds to enc\nt] failure aga9 & aga9 
be=e !y succe$2 b if !y h pluck1 !      
failure w only s]ve to r\se _! c\rage1 &
 /imulate !m to r5ew$ ef=ts4 ,talma1 !  
greate/ ( actors1 0 hiss$ (f ! /age :5  
he fir/ appe>$ on x4 ,lacordaire1 "o ( !
 greate/ prea*]s ( mod]n times1 only    
acquir$ celebrity aft] repeat$ failures4
 ,montalemb]t said ( 8 fir/ public      
appe>ance 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,ro*3 ,he     
fail$ completely1 & on com+ out e "o    
said1 ',?\gh he may be a man ( tal5t1 he
 w nev] be a prea*]4' ,aga9 & aga9 he   
tri$ until he succe$$2 & only two ye>s  
aft] 8 ,,debut1 ,lacordaire 0 prea*+ 9  
,notre ,dame to audi5ces su* z few ,fr5*
 orators h address$ s9ce ! "t ( ,bossuet
 & ,massillon4  ,:5 ,mr4 ,cobd5 fir/    
appe>$ z a speak]1 at a public meet+ 9  
,man*e/]1 he completely broke d[n1 & !  

*airman apologiz$ = 8 failure4 ,sir     
,james ,graham & ,mr4 ,disraeli fail$ & 
7 d]id$ at fir/1 & only succe$$ by d9t (
 great lab\r & application4 ,at "o "t   
,sir ,james ,graham _h almo/ giv5 up    
public speak+ 9 despair4 ,he said to 8  
fri5d ,sir ,francis ,b>+3 ,i h tri$ x e 
way--extempore1 f notes1 & committ+ all 
to memory--& ,i c't d x4 ,i don't "k :y 
x is1 b ,i am afraid ,i %all nev]       
succe$4 ,yet1 by d9t ( p]sev]ance1      
,graham1 l ,disraeli1 liv$ to become "o 
( ! mo/ effective & impressive (        
p>liam5t>y speak]s4  ,failures 9 "o     
direction h sometimes _h ! effect ( =c+ 
! f>see+ /ud5t to apply himself 9 ano!r4
 ,?us ,prideaux's failure z a c&idate = 
! po/ ( p>i%-cl]k ( ,ugboro1 9 ,devon1  
l$ to 8 apply+ himself to le>n+1 & to 8 
ev5tual elevation to ! bi%opric (       
,worce/]4 ,:5 ,boileau1 educat$ = ! b>1 
plead$ 8 fir/ cause1 he broke d[n amid/ 
%\ts ( laught]4 ,he next tri$ ! pulpit1 
& fail$ !re too4 ,& !n he tri$ poetry1 &
 succe$$4 ,font5elle & ,voltaire bo?    

fail$ at ! b>4 ,s ,c[p]1 ?r\gh 8        
diffid5ce & %yness1 broke d[n :5 plead+ 
8 fir/ cause1 ?\gh he liv$ to revive !  
poetic art 9 ,engl&4 ,montesquieu &     
,b5?am bo? fail$ z lawy]s1 & =sook ! b> 
= m cong5ial pursuits--! latt] leav+    
beh9d him a treasury ( legislative      
proc$ure = all "t4 ,goldsmi? fail$ 9    
pass+ z a surgeon2 b he wrote ! ',des]t$
 ,village' & ! ',vic> ( ,wakefield2'    
:il/ ,addison fail$ z a speak]1 b       
succe$$ 9 writ+ ',sir ,rog] de          
,cov]ley1' & 8 _m fam\s pap]s 9 !       
',spectator4'  ,ev5 ! privation ( "s    
important bodily s5se1 su* z sight or   
he>+1 has n be5 suffici5t to det]       
c\rage\s m5 f zeal\sly pursu+ ! /ruggle 
( life4 ,milton1 :5 /ruck by bl9dness1  
/ill bore up & /e]$ "r onw>d4 ,8 greate/
 works 7 produc$ dur+ t p]iod ( 8 life 9
 :i* he suff]$ mo/--:5 he 0 poor1 sick1 
old1 bl9d1 sl&]$1 & p]secut$4  ,! lives 
( "s ( ! greate/ m5 h be5 a cont9u\s    
/ruggle ) difficulty & app>5t defeat4   
,dante produc$ 8 greate/ "w 9 p5ury &   

exile4 ,bani%$ f 8 native city by !     
local faction to :i* he 0 oppos$1 8 h\se
 0 giv5 up to plund]1 & he 0 s5t5c$ 9 8 
abs5ce to be burnt alive4 ,:5 in=m$ by a
 fri5d t he might return to ,flor5ce1 if
 he w\ld cons5t to ask = p>don &        
absolution1 he repli$3 ,no6 ,?is is n ! 
way t %all lead me back to my c\ntry4 ,i
 w return ) ha/y /eps if y1 or any o!r1 
c op5 to me a way t %all n d]ogate f !  
fame or ! hon\r ( ,dante2 b if by no su*
 way ,flor5ce c be ent]$1 !n to ,flor5ce
 ,i %all nev] return4 ,8 enemies rema9+ 
implacable1 ,dante1 aft] a bani%m5t (   
tw5ty ye>s1 di$ 9 exile4 ,!y ev5 pursu$ 
him aft] dea?1 :5 8 book1 ',de          
,mon>*ia1' 0 publicly burnt at ,bologna 
by ord] ( ! ,papal ,legate4  ,camo5s    
also wrote 8 great poems mo/ly 9        
bani%m5t4 ,tir$ ( solitude at ,sant>em1 
he jo9$ an exp$ition aga9/ ! ,moors1 9  
:i* he di/+ui%$ himself by 8 brav]y4 ,he
 lo/ an eye :5 bo>d+ an enemy's %ip 9 a 
sea-fight4 ,at ,goa1 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1  
he witness$ ) indignation ! cruelty     

practis$ by ! ,portuguese on ! natives1 
& expo/ulat$ ) ! gov]nor aga9/ x4 ,he 0 
9 consequ5ce bani%$ f ! settlem5t1 & s5t
 to ,*9a4 ,9 ! c\rse ( 8 subsequ5t      
adv5tures & mis=tunes1 ,camo5s suff]$   
%ipwreck1 escap+ only ) 8 life & !      
manuscript ( 8 ',lusiad4' ,p]secution & 
h>d%ip seem$ ev]y:]e to pursue him4 ,at 
,macao he 0 ?r[n into prison4 ,escap+ f 
x1 he set sail = ,lisbon1 :]e he arriv$1
 aft] sixte5 ye>s' abs5ce1 poor &       
fri5dless4 ,8 ',lusiad1' :i* 0 %ortly   
aft] publi%$1 br\ght him mu* fame1 b no 
money4 ,b = 8 old ,indian slave         
,antonio1 :o begg$ = 8 ma/] 9 ! /reets1 
,camo5s mu/ h p]i%$4 #bae ,z x 01 he di$
 9 a public alm%\se1 worn out by disease
 & h>d%ip4 ,an inscription 0 plac$ ov] 8
 grave3--,"h lies ,luis de ,camo5s3 he  
excell$ all ! poets ( 8 "t3 he liv$ poor
 & mis]able2 & he di$ s1 ,,mdlxxix4 ,?is
 record1 disgraceful b tru?ful1 has s9ce
 be5 remov$2 & a ly+ & pomp\s epitaph1 9
 hon\r ( ! great national poet (        
,portugal1 has be5 sub/itut$ 9 its /ead4

  ,ev5 ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 expos$1 dur+ ! 
great] "p ( 8 life1 to ! p]secutions ( !
 envi\s--vulg> nobles1 vulg> prie/s1 &  
sordid m5 ( e degree1 :o c\ld nei!r     
sympa?ise ) him1 nor compreh5d 8 g5ius4 
,:5 ,paul ,,iv4 condemn$ "s ( 8 "w 9 ',!
 ,la/ ,judgm5t1' ! arti/ obs]v$ t ,!    
,pope w\ld d bett] to occupy himself )  
correct+ ! disord]s & indec5cies :i*    
disgrace ! _w1 ?an ) any su*            
hyp]criticisms ^u 8 art4  ,tasso also 0 
! victim ( almo/ cont9ual p]secution &  
calumny4 ,aft] ly+ 9 a madh\se = sev5   
ye>s1 he became a w&]] ov] ,italy2 & :5 
on 8 dea?b$1 he wrote3 ,i w n compla9 ( 
! malignity ( =tune1 because ,i d n     
*oose to speak ( ! +ratitude ( m5 :o h  
succe$$ 9 dragg+ me to ! tomb ( a       
m5dicant4  ,b ,"t br+s ab\t /range      
rev5ges4 ,! p]secutors & ! p]secut$ (t5 
*ange places2 x is ! latt] :o are       
great--! =m] :o are infam\s4 ,ev5 !     
names ( ! p]secutors w\ld probably long 
ago h be5 =gott51 b = _! connection ) ! 
hi/ory ( ! m5 :om !y h p]secut$4 ,?us1  

:o w\ld n[ h kn[n ( ,duke ,alfonso (    
,f]r>a1 b = 8 imprisonm5t ( ,tasso8 ,or1
 :o w\ld h he>d ( ! exi/5ce ( ! ,gr&    
,duke ( ,wurtemburg ( "s n9ety ye>s     
back1 b = 8 petty p]secution ( ,s*ill]8 
,sci5ce also has _h its m>tyrs1 :o h    
f\ght _! way to light ?r\gh difficulty1 
p]secution1 & suff]+4 ,we ne$ n ref]    
aga9 to ! cases ( ,bruno1 ,galileo1 &   
o!rs1 #baf p]secut$ because ( ! suppos$ 
het]odoxy ( _! views4 ,b !re h be5 o!r  
un=tunates among/ m5 ( sci5ce1 ^: g5ius 
has be5 unable to save !m f ! fury ( _! 
enemies4 ,?us ,bailly1 ! celebrat$ ,fr5*
 a/ronom] #ba:o _h be5 mayor ( ,p>is1 & 
,lavoisi]1 ! great *emi/1 7 bo?         
guillot9$ 9 ! fir/ ,fr5* ,revolution4   
,:5 ! latt]1 aft] be+ s5t5c$ to dea? by 
! ,commune1 ask$ = a few days' respite1 
to enable him to asc]ta9 ! result ( "s  
exp]im5ts he _h made dur+ 8 conf9em5t1 !
 tribunal refus$ 8 appeal1 & ord]$ him =
 imm$iate execution--"o ( ! judges say+1
 t ! ,republic _h no ne$ ( philosoph]s4 
,9 ,engl& also1 ab\t ! same "t1 ,dr4    

,prie/ley1 ! fa!r ( mod]n *emi/ry1 _h 8 
h\se burnt ov] 8 head1 & 8 libr>y       
de/roy$1 amid/ %\ts ( ,no philosoph]s6 &
 he fl$ f 8 native c\ntry to lay 8 bones
 9 a =eign l&4  ,! "w ( "s ( ! greate/  
discov]]s has be5 done 9 ! mid/ (       
p]secution1 difficulty1 & suff]+4       
,columbus1 :o discov]$ ! ,new ,_w & gave
 x z a h]itage to ! ,old1 0 9 8 lifetime
 p]secut$1 malign$1 & plund]$ by ^? :om 
he _h enri*$4 ,mungo ,p>k's dr[n+ agony 
9 ! ,african riv] he _h discov]$1 b :i* 
he 0 n to live to describe2 ,clapp]ton's
 p]i%+ ( fev] on ! banks ( ! great lake1
 9 ! he>t ( ! same cont95t1 :i* 0       
aft]w>ds to be r$iscov]$ & describ$ by  
o!r explor]s2 ,frankl9's p]i%+ 9 !      
sn[--x might be aft] he _h solv$ !      
long-s\ght problem ( ! ,nor?-we/        
,passage--are among ! mo/ melan*oly     
ev5ts 9 ! hi/ory ( ent]prise & g5ius4   
,! case ( ,fl9d]s ! navigator1 :o suff]$
 a six ye>s' imprisonm5t 9 ! ,isle (    
,france1 0 "o ( peculi> h>d%ip4 ,9      
#ahja1 he set sail f ,engl& 9 !         

,,inve/igator1 on a voyage ( discov]y & 
survey1 provid$ ) a ,fr5* pass1 requir+ 
all ,fr5* gov]nors #banot)/&+ t ,engl& &
 ,france 7 at w> to give him protection 
& succ\r 9 ! sacr$ "n ( sci5ce4 ,9 !    
c\rse ( 8 voyage he survey$ great "p (  
,au/ralia1 ,van ,diem5's ,l&1 & !       
neighb\r+ isl&s4 ,! ,,inve/igator1 be+  
f\nd leaky & rott51 0 condemn$1 & !     
navigator emb>k$ z pass5g] 9 !          
,,porpoise = ,engl&1 to lay ! results ( 
8 ?ree ye>s' lab\rs be=e ! ,admiralty4  
,on ! voyage home ! ,,porpoise 0 wreck$ 
on a reef 9 ! ,s\? ,seas1 & ,fl9d]s1 )  
"p ( ! crew1 9 an op5 boat1 made = ,port
 ,jackson1 :i* !y safely rea*$1 ?\gh    
di/ant f ! sc5e ( ! wreck n less ?an    
#gej miles4 ,!re he procur$ a small     
s*oon]1 ! ,,cumb]l&1 no l>g] ?an a      
,graves5d sail+-boat1 & return$ = !     
rema9d] ( ! crew1 :o _h be5 left on !   
reef4 ,hav+ rescu$ !m1 he set sail =    
,engl&1 mak+ = ! ,isle ( ,france1 :i* ! 
,,cumb]l& rea*$ 9 a s9k+ condition1 be+ 
a wret*$ little craft badly f\nd4 ,to 8 

surprise1 he 0 made a prison] ) all 8   
crew1 & ?r[n into prison1 :]e he 0      
treat$ ) brutal h>%ness1 8 ,fr5* pass   
prov+ no protection to him4 ,:at        
aggravat$ ! horrors ( ,fl9d]s' conf9em5t
 01 t he knew t ,baud91 ! ,fr5*         
navigator1 :om he _h enc\nt]$ :ile mak+ 
8 survey ( ! ,au/ralian coa/s1 w\ld rea*
 ,europe fir/1 & claim ! m]it ( all !   
discov]ies he _h made4 ,x turn$ out z he
 _h expect$2 & :ile ,fl9d]s 0 /ill      
imprison$ 9 ! ,isle ( ,france1 ! ,fr5*  
,atlas ( ! new discov]ies 0 publi%$1 all
 ! po9ts nam$ by ,fl9d]s & 8 precursors 
be+ nam$ afre%4 ,fl9d]s 0 at l5g?       
lib]at$1 aft] six ye>s' imprisonm5t1 8  
heal? completely brok52 b he cont9u$    
correct+ 8 maps1 & writ+ out 8          
descriptions to ! la/4 ,he only liv$    
long en\gh to correct 8 f9al %eet = !   
press1 & di$ on ! v day t 8 "w 0        
publi%$6  ,c\rage\s m5 h (t5 turn$ en=c$
 solitude to acc\nt 9 execut+ works (   
great pi? & mom5t4 ,x is 9 solitude t ! 
passion = spiritual p]fection be/ nurses

 itself4 ,! s\l communes ) itself 9     
lonel9ess until its en]gy (t5 becomes   
int5se4 ,b :e!r a man pr(its by solitude
 or n w ma9ly dep5d ^u 8 own temp]am5t1 
tra9+1 & "*4 ,:ile1 9 a l>ge-natur$ man1
 solitude w make ! pure he>t pur]1 9 !  
small-natur$ man x w only s]ve to make !
 h>d he>t /ill h>d]3 = ?\gh solitude may
 be ! nurse ( great spirits1 x is !     
torm5t ( small ones4  ,x 0 9 prison t   
,boetius wrote 8 ',consolations (       
,philosophy1' & ,grotius 8 ',comm5t>y on
 ,/4 ,mat!w1' reg>d$ z 8 ma/]work 9     
,biblical ,criticism4 ,bu*anan compos$ 8
 beautiful ',p>aphrases on ! ,psalms'   
:ile imprison$ 9 ! cell ( a ,portuguese 
mona/]y4 ,campanella1 ! ,italian patriot
 monk1 suspect$ ( treason1 0 immur$ =   
tw5ty-sev5 ye>s 9 a ,neapolitan dungeon1
 dur+ :i*1 depriv$ ( ! sun's light1 he  
s\ght high] light1 & !re creat$ 8       
',civitas ,solis1' :i* has be5 s (t5    
repr9t$ & reproduc$ 9 translations 9 mo/
 ,european languages4 ,dur+ 8 ?irte5    
ye>s' imprisonm5t 9 ! ,t[]1 ,raleigh    

wrote 8 ',hi/ory ( ! ,_w1' a project (  
va/ ext5t1 ( :i* he 0 only able to f9i% 
! fir/ five books4 ,lu!r occupi$ 8      
prison h\rs 9 ! ,ca/le ( ,w>tburg 9     
translat+ ! ,bible1 & 9 writ+ ! fam\s   
tracts & treatises ) :i* he inundat$ all
 ,g]many4  ,x 0 to ! circum/ance ( ,john
 ,bunyan hav+ be5 ca/ into gaol t we    
probably owe ! ',pilgrim's ,progress4'  
,he 0 ?us driv5 9 ^u himself2 hav+ no   
opportunity = action1 8 active m9d f\nd 
v5t 9 e>ne/ ?9k+ & m$itation2 & inde$1  
aft] 8 enl>gem5t1 8 life z an au?or     
virtually ceas$4 ,8 ',grace ,ab\nd+' & !
 ',holy ,w>' 7 also writt5 9 prison4    
,bunyan lay 9 ,b$=d ,gaol1 ) a few      
int]vals ( prec>i\s lib]ty1 dur+ n less 
?an twelve ye>s2 #bag & x 0 mo/ probably
 to 8 prolong$ imprisonm5t t we owe :at 
,macaulay has *>act]is$ z ! f9e/        
allegory 9 ! _w4  ,all ! political      
p>ties ( ! times 9 :i* ,bunyan liv$1    
imprison$ _! oppon5ts :5 !y _h !        
opportunity & ! p[]4 ,bunyan's prison   
exp]i5ces 7 pr9cipally 9 ! "t ( ,*>les  

,,ii4 ,b 9 ! prec$+ reign ( ,*>les ,i41 
z well z dur+ ! ,commonweal?1 illu/ri\s 
prison]s 7 v num]\s4 ,! prison]s ( ! =m]
 includ$ ,sir ,john ,eliot1 ,hampd51    
,seld51 ,prynne #bah #ba;a mo/ volum9\s 
prison-writ]1 & _m m4 ,x 0 :ile "u /rict
 conf9em5t 9 ! ,t[]1 t ,eliot compos$ 8 
noble treatise1 ',! ,mon>*y ( ,man4'    
,george ,)]1 ! poet1 0 ano!r prison] (  
,*>les ! ,fir/1 & x 0 :ile conf9$ 9 !   
,m>%alsea t he wrote 8 fam\s ',satire to
 ! ,k+4' ,at ! ,re/oration he 0 aga9    
imprison$ 9 ,newgate1 f :i* he 0        
transf]r$ to ! ,t[]1 & he is suppos$ by 
"s to h di$ !re4  ,! ,commonweal? also  
_h its prison]s4 ,sir ,william ,dav5ant1
 because ( 8 loyalty1 0 = "s "t conf9$ a
 prison] 9 ,c[es ,ca/le1 :]e he wrote ! 
great] "p ( 8 poem ( ',gondib]t'3 & x is
 said t 8 life 0 sav$ pr9cipally ?r\gh !
 g5]\s int]cession ( ,milton4 ,he liv$  
to repay ! debt1 & to save ,milton's    
life :5 ,*>les enjoy$ 8 own aga94       
,lovelace1 ! poet & cavali]1 0 also     
imprison$ by ! ,r\ndheads1 & 0 only     

lib]at$ f ! ,gateh\se on giv+ an enorm\s
 bail4 ,?\gh he suff]$ & lo/ all = !    
,/u>ts1 he 0 =gott5 by !m at !          
,re/oration1 & di$ 9 extreme pov]ty4    
,besides ,)] & ,bunyan1 ,*>les ,,ii4    
imprison$ ,baxt]1 ,h>r+ton #ba! au?or ( 
',oceana'1 ,p5n1 & _m m4 ,all ^! m5     
solac$ _! prison h\rs ) writ+4 ,baxt]   
wrote "s ( ! mo/ rem>kable passages ( 8 
',life & ,times' :ile ly+ 9 ! ,k+'s ,b5*
 ,prison2 & ,p5n wrote 8 ',no ,cross no 
,cr[n' :ile imprison$ 9 ! ,t[]4 ,9 !    
reign ( ,que5 ,anne1 ,mat!w ,prior 0 9  
conf9em5t on a vamp$-up *>ge ( treason =
 two ye>s1 dur+ :i* he wrote 8 ',alma1  
or ,progress ( ! ,s\l4'  ,s9ce !n1      
political prison]s ( em95ce 9 ,engl& h  
be5 comp>atively few 9 numb]4 ,among !  
mo/ illu/ri\s 7 ,de ,foe1 :o1 besides   
/&+ ?ree times 9 ! pillory1 sp5t mu* ( 8
 "t 9 prison1 writ+ ',rob9son ,crusoe'  
!re1 & _m ( 8 be/ political pamphlets4  
,!re also he wrote 8 ',hymn to !        
,pillory1' & correct$ = ! press a       
collection ( 8 volum9\s writ+s4 #bai    

,smollett wrote 8 ',sir ,lancelot       
,greaves' 9 prison1 :ile und]go+        
conf9em5t = libel4 ,( rec5t             
prison-writ]s 9 ,engl&1 ! be/ kn[n are  
,james ,montgom]y1 :o wrote 8 fir/      
volume ( poems :ile a prison] 9 ,york   
,ca/le2 & ,?omas ,coop]1 ! ,*>ti/1 :o   
wrote 8 ',purgatory ( ,suicide' 9 ,/af=d
 ,gaol4  ,silvio ,pellico 0 "o ( ! late/
 & mo/ illu/ri\s ( ! prison writ]s (    
,italy4 ,he lay conf9$ 9 ,au/rian gaols 
= t5 ye>s1 eight ( :i* he pass$ 9 !     
,ca/le ( ,spielb]g 9 ,moravia4 ,x 0 !re 
t he compos$ 8 *>m+ ',memoirs1' ! only  
mat]ials = :i* 7 furni%$ by 8 fre% liv+ 
habit ( obs]vation2 & out ( ev5 !       
transi5t visits ( 8 gaol]'s daught]1 & !
 col\rless ev5ts ( 8 monoton\s daily    
life1 he contriv$ to make = himself a   
little _w ( ?\ght & heal?y human int]e/4
  ,kaz9sky1 ! great reviv] ( ,hung>ian  
lit]ature1 sp5t sev5 ye>s ( 8 life 9 !  
dungeons ( ,buda1 ,brunne1 ,kuf/e91 &   
,munkacs1 dur+ :i* he wrote a ',di>y ( 8
 ,imprisonm5t1' & among/ o!r ?+s        

translat$ ,/]no's ',s5tim5tal ,j\rney2' 
:il/ ,kossu? beguil$ 8 two ye>s'        
imprisonm5t at ,buda 9 /udy+ ,engli%1 s 
z to be able to read ,%akspe>e 9 !      
orig9al4  ,m5 :o1 l ^!1 suff] ! p5alty (
 law1 & seem to fail1 at lea/ = a "t1 d 
n really fail4 ,_m1 :o h seem$ to fail  
utt]ly1 h (t5 ex]cis$ a m pot5t & endur+
 influ5ce ^u _! race1 ?an ^? ^: c>e] has
 be5 a c\rse ( un9t]upt$ success4 ,! "* 
( a man does n dep5d on :e!r 8 ef=ts are
 imm$iately foll[$ by failure or by     
success4 ,! m>tyr is n a failure if !   
tru? = :i* he suff]$ acquires a fre%    
lu/re ?r\gh 8 sacrifice4 #baaj ,!       
patriot :o lays d[n 8 life = 8 cause1   
may !reby ha/5 its triumph2 & ^? :o seem
 to ?r[ _! lives away 9 ! van ( a great 
movem5t1 (t5 op5 a way = ^? :o foll[ !m1
 & pass ov] _! dead bodies to victory4  
,! triumph ( a j cause may come late2 b 
:5 x does come1 x is due z mu* to ^? :o 
fail$ 9 _! fir/ ef=ts1 z to ^? :o       
succe$$ 9 _! la/4  ,! example ( a great 
dea? may be an inspiration to o!rs1 z   

well z ! example ( a good life4 ,a great
 act does n p]i% ) ! life ( him :o p]=ms
 x1 b lives & gr[s up into l acts 9 ^?  
:o survive ! do] !re( & *]i% 8 memory4  
,( "s great m51 x might almo/ be said t 
!y h n begun to live until !y h di$4  ,!
 names ( ! m5 :o h suff]$ 9 ! cause (   
religion1 ( sci5ce1 & ( tru?1 are ! m5 (
 all o!rs ^: memories are held 9 !      
greate/ e/eem & rev]5ce by mank9d4 ,!y  
p]i%$1 b _! tru? surviv$4 ,!y seem$ to  
fail1 & yet !y ev5tually succe$$4 #baaa 
,prisons may h held !m1 b _! ?\ghts 7 n 
to be conf9$ by prison-walls4 ,!y h bur/
 ?r\gh1 & defi$ ! p[] ( _! p]secutors4  
,x 0 ,lovelace1 a prison]1 :o wrote3    
,/one walls d n a prison make1          
,nor iron b>s a cage2           ,m9ds   
innoc5t & quiet take             ,t = a 
h]mitage4  ,x 0 a say+ ( ,milton t1 :o  
be/ c suff] be/ c d4 ,! "w ( _m ( !     
greate/ m51 inspir$ by duty1 has be5    
done amid/ suff]+ & trial & difficulty4 
,!y h /ruggl$ aga9/ ! tide1 & rea*$ !   
%ore exhau/$1 only to grasp ! s& &      

expire4 ,!y h done _! duty1 & be5 cont5t
 to die4 ,b dea? ha? no p[] ov] su* m52 
_! hall[$ memories /ill survive1 to soo!
 & purify & bless u4 ,life1 said ,goe!1 
to u all is suff]+4 ,:o save ,god alone 
%all call u to our reckon+8 ,let n      
reproa*es fall on ! dep>t$4 ,n :at !y h 
fail$ 91 nor :at !y h suff]$1 b :at !y h
 done1 ought to occupy ! survivors4     
,?us1 x is n ease & facility t tries m51
 & br+s out ! good t is 9 !m1 s mu* z   
trial & difficulty4 ,adv]sity is !      
t\*/one ( "*4 ,z "s h]bs ne$ to be cru%$
 to give =? _! sweete/ od\r1 s "s       
natures ne$ to be tri$ by suff]+ to     
evoke ! excell5ce t is 9 !m4 ,h5ce      
trials (t5 unmask virtues1 & br+ to     
light hidd5 graces4 ,m5 app>5tly useless
 & purposeless1 :5 plac$ 9 positions (  
difficulty & responsibility1 h exhibit$ 
p[]s ( "* be=e unsuspect$2 & :]e we be=e
 saw only pliancy & self-indulg5ce1 we  
n[ see /r5g?1 val\r1 & self-d5ial4  ,z  
!re are no bless+s :i* may n be p]v]t$  
into evils1 s !re are no trials :i* may 

n be conv]t$ into bless+s4 ,all dep5ds  
on ! mann] 9 :i* we pr(it by !m or      
o!rwise4 ,p]fect happ9ess is n to be    
look$ = 9 ?is _w4 ,if x c\ld be secur$1 
x w\ld be f\nd pr(itless4 ,! holl[e/ (  
all gospels is ! gospel ( ease & com=t4 
,difficulty1 & ev5 failure1 are f> bett]
 tea*]s4 ,sir ,humphry ,davy said3 ,ev5 
9 private life1 too mu* prosp]ity ei!r  
injures ! moral man1 & occasions conduct
 :i* ends 9 suff]+2 or x is accompani$  
by ! work+s ( envy1 calumny1 &          
malevol5ce ( o!rs4  ,failure improves   
temp]s & /r5g!ns ! nature4 ,ev5 sorr[ is
 9 "s my/]i\s way l9k$ ) joy & associat$
 ) t5d]ness4 ,john ,bunyan once said h[1
 if x 7 lawful1 he c\ld ev5 pray =      
great] tr\ble1 = ! great] com=t's sake4 
,:5 surprise 0 express$ at ! pati5ce ( a
 poor ,arabian woman "u heavy           
affliction1 %e said1 ,:5 we look on     
,god's face we d n feel ,8 h&4  ,suff]+ 
is d\btless z div9ely appo9t$ z joy1    
:ile x is mu* m influ5tial z a discipl9e
 ( "*4 ,x *a/5s & sweet5s ! nature1     

tea*es pati5ce & resignation1 & promotes
 ! deepe/ z well z ! mo/ exalt$ ?\ght4  
#baab                        ,! be/ ( m5
       ,t e'er wore e>? ab\t ,him 0 a   
suff]]2       ,a s(t1 meek1 pati5t1     
humble1 tranquil _s       ,! fir/ true  
g5tleman t ev] brea!d4 #baac  ,suff]+   
may be ! appo9t$ means by :i* ! highe/  
nature ( man is to be discipl9$ &       
develop$4 ,assum+ happ9ess to be ! end (
 be+1 sorr[ may be ! indisp5sable       
condition ?r\gh :i* x is to be rea*$4   
,h5ce ,/4 ,paul's noble p>adox          
descriptive ( ! ,*ri/ian life1--z *a/5$1
 & n kill$2 z sorr[ful1 yet always      
rejoic+2 z poor1 yet mak+ _m ri*2 z hav+
 no?+1 & yet possess+ all ?+s4  ,ev5 pa9
 is n all pa9ful4 ,on "o side x is      
relat$ to suff]+1 & on ! o!r to         
happ9ess4 ,= pa9 is rem$ial z well z    
sorr[ful4 ,suff]+ is a mis=tune z view$ 
f ! "o side1 & a discipl9e z view$ f !  
o!r4 ,b = suff]+1 ! be/ "p ( _m m5's    
nature w\ld sleep a deep sleep4 ,inde$1 
x might almo/ be said t pa9 & sorr[ 7 ! 

indisp5sable conditions ( "s m5's       
success1 & ! necess>y means to evoke !  
highe/ developm5t ( _! g5ius4 ,%elley   
has said ( poets3        ,mo/ wret*$ m5 
are cradl$ into poetry by wrong1        
,!y le>n 9 suff]+ :at !y tea* 9 song4   
,does any "o suppose t ,burns w\ld h    
sung z he did1 _h he be5 ri*1           
respectable1 & kept a gig2 or ,byron1 if
 he _h be5 a prosp]\s1 happily-m>ri$ ,"l
 ,privy ,seal or ,po/ma/]-,g5]al8       
,sometimes a he>tbreak r\ses an         
impassive nature to life4 ,:at does he  
"k1 said a sage1 :o has n suff]$8 ,:5   
,dumas ask$ ,reb\l1 ,:at made y a poet8 
8 answ] 01 ,suff]+6 ,x 0 ! dea?1 fir/ ( 
8 wife1 & !n ( 8 *ild1 t drove him into 
solitude = ! indulg5ce ( 8 grief1 &     
ev5tually l$ him to seek & f9d relief 9 
v]se4 #baad ,x 0 also to a dome/ic      
affliction t we owe ! beautiful writ+s (
 ,mrs4 ,gaskell4 ,x 0 z a recreation1 9 
! highe/ s5se ( ! ^w1 says a rec5t      
writ]1 speak+ f p]sonal k1 z an escape f
 ! great void ( a life f :i* a *]i%$    

pres5ce _h be5 tak51 t %e began t s]ies 
( exquisite creations :i* has s]v$ to   
multiply ! numb] ( our acqua9tances1 &  
to enl>ge ev5 ! circle ( our fri5d%ips4 
#baae  ,mu* ( ! be/ & mo/ useful "w done
 by m5 & wom5 has be5 done amid/        
affliction--sometimes z a relief f x1   
sometimes f a s5se ( duty ov]p[]+       
p]sonal sorr[4 ,if ,i _h n be5 s great  
an invalid1 said ,dr4 ,d>w9 to a fri5d1 
,i %\ld n h done ne>ly s mu* "w z ,i h  
be5 able to accompli%4 ,s ,dr4 ,donne1  
speak+ ( 8 illnesses1 once said3 ,?is   
advantage y & my o!r fri5ds h by my     
frequ5t fev]s is1 t ,i am s mu* ! (t5]  
at ! gates ( ,heav52 & by ! solitude &  
close imprisonm5t !y r$uce me to1 ,i am 
s mu* ! (t5] at my pray]s1 9 :i* y & my 
o!r de> fri5ds are n =gott54  ,s*ill]   
produc$ 8 greate/ trag$ies 9 ! mid/ (   
physical suff]+ almo/ am\nt+ to torture4
 ,h&el 0 nev] great] ?an :51 w>n$ by    
palsy ( ! approa* ( dea?1 & /ruggl+ )   
di/ress & suff]+1 he sat d[n to compose 
! great works :i* h made 8 "n immortal 9

 music4 ,moz>t compos$ 8 great op]as1 & 
la/ ( all 8 ',requiem1' :5 oppress$ by  
debt1 & /ruggl+ ) a fatal disease4      
,bee?ov5 produc$ 8 greate/ works amid/  
gloomy sorr[1 :5 oppress$ by almo/ total
 deafness4 ,& poor ,s*ub]t1 aft] 8 %ort 
b brilliant life1 laid x d[n at ! e>ly  
age ( ?irty-two2 8 sole prop]ty at 8    
dea? consi/+ ( 8 manuscripts1 ! clo!s he
 wore1 & sixty-?ree flor9s 9 money4 ,"s 
( ,lamb's f9e/ writ+s 7 produc$ amid/   
deep sorr[1 & ,hood's app>5t gaiety (t5 
sprang f a suff]+ he>t4 ,z he himself   
wrote1        ,!re's n a /r+ attun$ to  
mir?1        ,b has its *ord 9          
melan*oly4  ,aga91 9 sci5ce1 we h !     
noble in/ance ( ! suff]+ ,wolla/on1 ev5 
9 ! la/ /ages ( ! mortal disease :i*    
afflict$ him1 devot+ 8 numb]$ h\rs to   
putt+ on record1 by dictation1 ! v>i\s  
discov]ies & improvem5ts he _h made1 s t
 any k he _h acquir$1 calculat$ to      
b5efit 8 fell[-creatures1 might n be    
lo/4  ,afflictions (t5 prove b bless+s 9
 disguise4 ,fe> n ! d>kness1 said !     

,p]sian sage2 x conceals p]haps ! spr+s 
( ! wat]s ( life4 ,exp]i5ce is (t5      
bitt]1 b :olesome2 only by its tea*+ c  
we le>n to suff] & be /rong4 ,"*1 9 its 
highe/ =ms1 is discipl9$ by trial1 &    
made p]fect ?r\gh suff]+4 ,ev5 f !      
deepe/ sorr[1 ! pati5t & ?\ghtful m9d w 
ga!r ri*] wisdom ?an pleasure ev]       
yield$4  ,! s\l's d>k cottage1 batt]'d &
 decay$1 ,lets 9 new light ?r\gh *9ks t 
,"t has made4  ,consid]1 said ,j]emy    
,taylor1 t sad accid5ts1 & a /ate (     
afflictions1 is a s*ool ( virtue4 ,x    
r$uces our spirits to sob]ness1 & our   
c\nsels to mod]ation2 x corrects levity1
 & int]rupts ! confid5ce ( s9n+4444     
,god1 :o 9 m]cy & wisdom gov]ns ! _w1   
w\ld nev] h suff]$ s _m sadnesses1 & h  
s5t !m1 especially1 to ! mo/ virtu\s & !
 wise/ m51 b t ,he int5ds !y %\ld be !  
sem9>y ( com=t1 ! nurs]y ( virtue1 !    
ex]cise ( wisdom1 ! trial ( pati5ce1 !  
v5tur+ = a cr[n1 & ! gate ( glory4 #baaf
  ,& aga93--,no man is m mis]able ?an he
 t ha? no adv]sity4 ,t man is n tri$1   

:e!r he be good or bad2 & ,god nev]     
cr[ns ^? virtues :i* are only           
,,faculties & ,,dispositions2 b e act ( 
virtue is an +r$i5t unto rew>d4 #baag   
,prosp]ity & success ( !mselves d n     
conf] happ9ess2 inde$1 x n unfrequ5tly  
happ5s t ! lea/ successful 9 life h !   
greate/ %>e ( true joy 9 x4 ,no man c\ld
 h be5 m successful ?an ,goe!--possess$ 
( spl5did heal?1 hon\r1 p[]1 &          
suffici5cy ( ?is _w's goods--& yet he   
confess$ t he _h n1 9 ! c\rse ( 8 life1 
enjoy$ five weeks ( g5u9e pleasure4 ,s !
 ,caliph ,abdalrahman1 9 survey+ 8      
successful reign ( fifty ye>s1 f\nd t he
 _h enjoy$ only f\rte5 days ( pure &    
g5u9e happ9ess4 #baah ,aft] ?is1 might x
 n be said t ! pursuit ( m]e happ9ess is
 an illusion8  ,life1 all sun%9e )\t    
%ade1 all happ9ess )\t sorr[1 all       
pleasure )\t pa91 7 n life at all--at   
lea/ n human life4 ,take ! lot ( !      
happie/--x is a tangl$ y>n4 ,x is made  
up ( sorr[s & joys2 & ! joys are all !  
sweet] because ( ! sorr[s2 b]eavem5ts & 

bless+s1 "o foll[+ ano!r1 mak+ u sad &  
bless$ by turns4 ,ev5 dea? itself makes 
life m lov+2 x b9ds u m closely toge!r  
:ile "h4 ,dr4 ,?omas ,br[ne has argu$ t 
dea? is "o ( ! necess>y conditions (    
human happ9ess2 & he supports 8 argum5t 
) great =ce & eloqu5ce4 ,b :5 dea? comes
 into a h\sehold1 we d n                
philosophise--we only feel4 ,! eyes t   
are full ( te>s d n see2 ?\gh 9 c\rse ( 
"t !y come to see m cle>ly & brightly   
?an ^? t h nev] kn[n sorr[4  ,! wise    
p]son gradually le>ns n to expect too   
mu* f life4 ,:ile he /rives = success by
 wor?y me?ods1 he w be prep>$ =         
failures1 he w keep 8 m9d op5 to        
enjoym5t1 b submit pati5tly to suff]+4  
,wail+s & compla9+s ( life are nev] (   
any use2 only *e]ful & cont9u\s work+ 9 
"r pa?s are ( real avail4  ,nor w ! wise
 man expect too mu* f ^? ab\t him4 ,if  
he w\ld live at peace ) o!rs1 he w be> &
 =be>4 ,& ev5 ! be/ h (t5 foibles ( "*  
:i* h to be endur$1 sympa?is$ )1 &      
p]haps piti$4 ,:o is p]fect8 ,:o does n 

suff] f "s ?orn 9 ! fle%8 ,:o does n /& 
9 ne$ ( tol]ation1 ( =be>ance1 (        
=giv5ess8 ,:at ! poor imprison$ ,que5   
,c>ol9e ,matilda ( ,d5m>k wrote on h]   
*apel-w9d[ ought to be ! pray] (        
all1--,oh6 keep me innoc5t6 make o!rs   
great4  ,!n1 h[ mu* does ! disposition (
 e human be+ dep5d ^u _! innate         
con/itution & _! e>ly surr\nd+s2 ! com=t
 or discom=t ( ! homes 9 :i* !y h be5   
br\ght up2 _! inh]it$ *>act]i/ics2 & !  
examples1 good or bad1 to :i* !y h be5  
expos$ ?r\gh life6 ,reg>d = su*         
consid]ations %\ld tea* *>ity & =be>ance
 to all m54  ,at ! same "t1 life w      
always be to a l>ge ext5t :at we        
ourselves make x4 ,ea* m9d makes its own
 little _w4 ,! *e]ful m9d makes x       
pleasant1 & ! discont5t$ m9d makes x    
mis]able4 ,my m9d to me a k+dom is1     
applies alike to ! peasant z to ! mon>*4
 ,! "o may be 9 8 he>t a k+1 z ! o!r may
 be a slave4 ,life is = ! mo/ "p b !    
mirror ( our own individual selves4 ,our
 m9d gives to all situations1 to all    

=tunes1 high or l[1 _! real *>act]s4 ,to
 ! good1 ! _w is good2 to ! bad1 x is   
bad4 ,if our views ( life be elevat$--if
 we reg>d x z a sph]e ( useful ef=t1 (  
high liv+ & high ?9k+1 ( work+ = o!rs'  
good z well z our own--x w be joyful1   
hopeful1 & bless$4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 we
 reg>d x m]ely z af=d+ opportunities =  
self-seek+1 pleasure1 & aggr&isem5t1 x w
 be full ( toil1 anxiety1 &             
disappo9tm5t4  ,!re is mu* 9 life t1    
:ile 9 ?is /ate1 we c nev] compreh5d4   
,!re is1 inde$1 a great deal ( my/]y 9  
life--mu* t we see z 9 a glass d>kly4 ,b
 ?\gh we may n appreh5d ! full mean+ ( !
 discipl9e ( trial ?r\gh :i* ! be/ h to 
pass1 we mu/ h fai? 9 ! complet5ess ( ! 
design ( :i* our little individual lives
 =m a "p4  ,we h ea* to d our duty 9 t  
sph]e ( life 9 :i* we h be5 plac$4 ,duty
 alone is true2 !re is no true action b 
9 its accompli%m5t4 ,duty is ! end & aim
 ( ! highe/ life2 ! true/ pleasure ( all
 is t d]iv$ f ! consci\sness ( its      
fulfilm5t4 ,( all o!rs1 x is ! "o t is  

mo/ ?or\ghly satisfy+1 & ! lea/         
accompani$ by regret & disappo9tm5t4 ,9 
! words ( ,george ,h]b]t1 ! consci\sness
 ( duty p]=m$ gives u music at midnight4
  ,& :5 we h done our "w on e>?--(      
necessity1 ( lab\r1 ( love1 or (        
duty1--l ! silkworm t sp9s its little   
cocoon & dies1 we too dep>t4 ,b1 %ort   
?\gh our /ay 9 life may be1 x is !      
appo9t$ sph]e 9 :i* ea* has to "w out ! 
great aim & end ( 8 be+ to ! be/ ( 8    
p[]2 & :5 t is done1 ! accid5ts ( ! fle%
 w affect b little ! immortality we %all
 at la/ put on3          ,!re=e we c g  
die z sleep1 & tru/                     
,half t we h                      ,unto 
an hone/ fai?ful grave2         ,mak+   
our pill[s ei!r d[n or du/6             
,,footnotes3  ,footnote #aja3           
,sackville1 ,"l ,buckhur/1 ,"l ,high    
,treasur] "u ,elizabe? & ,james ,i4     
,footnote #ajb3 ',life ( ,p]!s1' ii4    
#bag4  ,footnote #ajc3 ,lockh>t's ',life
 ( ,scott4'  ,footnote #ajd3 ,debate on 
! ,petition ( ,"r1 ,a4,d4 #afbh4        

,footnote #aje3 ,! ,rev4 ,f4 ,w4 ,f>r]'s
 ',seek]s aft] ,god1' p4 #bda4          
,footnote #ajf3 ',! ,/atesman1' p4 #cj4 
,footnote #ajg3 ',que5 ( ! ,air1' p4    
#abg  ,footnote #ajh3 ,in/ead ( say+ t  
man is ! creature ( ,circum/ance1 x w\ld
 be ne>] ! m>k to say t man is !        
ar*itect ( ,circum/ance4 ,x is ,"* :i*  
builds an exi/5ce out ( ,circum/ance4   
,our /r5g? is measur$ by our pla/ic p[]4
 ,f ! same mat]ials "o man builds       
palaces1 ano!r hovels3 "o w>eh\ses1     
ano!r villas4 ,bricks & mort> are mort> 
& bricks1 until ! ar*itect c make !m    
some?+ else4 ,?us x is t 9 ! same       
family1 9 ! same circum/ances1 "o man   
re>s a /ately edifice1 :ile 8 bro!r1    
vacillat+ & incompet5t1 lives = ev] amid
 ru9s3 ! block ( granite1 :i* 0 an      
ob/acle on ! pa?way ( ! weak1 becomes a 
/epp+-/one on ! pa?way ( ! /rong4--,g4  
,h4 ,lewes1 ,,life ,,( ,,goe!4          
,footnote #aji3 ,introduction to ',!    
,pr9cipal ,spee*es & ,addresses (       
,h4,r4,h4 ! ,pr9ce ,consort' #ajahfb1   

pp4 #ci-dj4  ,footnote #ajaj3 ,among !  
late/ ( ^! 0 ,napoleon ! ,great1 a man (
 ab\nd+ en]gy1 b de/itute ( pr9ciple4   
,he _h ! l[e/ op9ion ( 8 fell[m54 ,m5   
are hogs1 :o fe$ on gold1 he once said3 
,well1 ,i ?r[ !m gold1 & lead !m        
:i!rsoev] ,i w4 ,:5 ! ,abbe de ,pradt1  
,ar*bi%op ( ,mal9es1 0 sett+ out on 8   
embassy to ,pol& 9 #ahab1 ,napoleon's   
p>t+ in/ruction to him 01 ,t5ez bonne   
table et soignez les femmes1--( :i*     
,b5jam9 ,con/ant said t su* an          
obs]vation1 address$ to a feeble prie/ (
 sixty1 %[s ,buonap>te's pr(\nd contempt
 = ! human race1 )\t di/9ction ( nation 
or sex4  ,footnote #ajaa3 ,cond5s$ f    
,sir ,?omas ,ov]bury's ',*>act]s'       
#ajafad4  ,footnote #ajab3 ',hi/ory ( ! 
,p59sul> ,w>1' v4 #cai4--,napi] m5tions 
ano!r /rik+ illu/ration ( ! influ5ce (  
p]sonal qualities 9 "y ,edw>d ,fre]1 ( !
 same regim5t #aj! #dcrd1 :o1 :5 he fell
 at ! age ( n9ete51 at ! ,battle ( !    
,nivelle1 _h already se5 m combats &    
sieges ?an he c\ld c\nt ye>s4 ,s slight 

9 p]son1 & ( su* surpass+ beauty1 t !   
,spani>ds (t5 ?\ght him a girl disguis$ 
9 man's clo?+1 he 0 yet s vigor\s1 s    
active1 s brave1 t ! mo/ d>+ & exp]i5c$ 
vet]ans wat*$ 8 looks on ! field (      
battle1 &1 implicitly foll[+ :]e he l$1 
w\ld1 l *ildr51 obey 8 slighte/ sign 9 !
 mo/ difficult situations4  ,footnote   
#ajac3 ,:5 ! dissolution ( ! ,union at  
"o "t seem$ imm95t1 & ,wa%+ton wi%$ to  
retire into private life1 ,jeff]son     
wrote to him1 urg+ 8 cont9uance 9 (fice4
 ,! confid5ce ( ! :ole ,union1 he said1 
c5tres 9 y4 ,y\r be+ at ! helm w be m   
?an an answ] to e argum5t :i* c be us$  
to al>m & lead ! p 9 any qu>t] into     
viol5ce & secession4444 ,!re is         
sometimes an em95ce ( "* on :i* society 
has su* peculi> claims z to control !   
pr$ilection ( ! individual = a p>ticul> 
walk ( happ9ess1 & re/ra9 him to t alone
 aris+ f ! pres5t & future b5$ictions ( 
mank9d4 ,?is seems to be y\r condition1 
& ! law impos$ on y by ,provid5ce 9 =m+ 
y\r "* & fa%ion+ ! ev5ts on :i* x 0 to  

op]ate2 & x is to motives l ^!1 & n to  
p]sonal anxieties ( m9e or o!rs1 :o h no
 "r to call on y = sacrifices1 t ,i     
appeal f y\r =m] det]m9ation1 & urge a  
revisal ( x1 on ! gr\nd ( *ange 9 !     
aspect ( ?+s4--,sp>ks' ,life ( ,wa%+ton1
 i4 #dhj4  ,footnote #ajad3 ,napi]'s    
',hi/ory ( ! ,p59sul> ,w>1' v4 #bbf4    
,footnote #ajae3 ,sir ,w4 ,scott's      
',hi/ory ( ,scotl&1' vol4 i4 *ap4 xvi4  
,footnote #ajaf3 ,mi*elet's ',hi/ory (  
,rome1' p4 #cgd4  ,footnote #ajag3      
,erasmus s rev]5c$ ! "* ( ,socrates t he
 said1 :5 he consid]$ 8 life & doctr9es1
 he 0 incl9$ to put him 9 ! cal5d> (    
sa9ts1 & to exclaim1 ,,sancte           
,,socrates1 ,,ora ,,pro ,,nobis4 7,holy 
,socrates1 pray = u67  ,footnote #ajah3 
,hon\r to all ! brave & true2 ev]la/+   
hon\r to ,john ,knox "o ( ! true/ ( !   
true6 ,t1 9 ! mom5t :ile he & 8 cause1  
amid civil broils1 9 convulsion &       
confusion1 7 /ill b /ruggl+ = life1 he  
s5t ! s*oolma/] =? to all corn]s1 &     
said1 ',let ! p be taught3' ?is is b "o1

 &1 & inde$1 an inevitable &            
comp>atively inconsid]able item 9 8     
great message to m54 ,?is message1 9 its
 true compass1 01 ',let m5 "k t !y are  
m5 creat$ by ,god1 responsible to ,god  
:o "w 9 any meane/ mom5t ( "t :at w la/ 
?r\gh et]nity444' ,?is great message    
,knox did deliv]1 ) a man's voice &     
/r5g?2 & f\nd a p to believe him4 ,( su*
 an a*ievem5t1 7 x to be made once only1
 ! results are imm5se4 ,?\ght1 9 su* a  
c\ntry1 may *ange its =m1 b _c g out2 ! 
c\ntry has atta9$ ,,majority ?\ght1 & a 
c]ta9 manhood1 ready = all "w t man c d1
 endures !re4444 ,! ,scot* national "*  
orig9at$ 9 _m circum/ances3 fir/ ( all1 
9 ! ,saxon /uff !re 0 to "w on2 b next1 
& beyond all else except t1 is !        
,presbyt]ian ,gospel ( ,john            
,knox4--7,c>lyle's ,,miscellanies1 iv4  
#aah47  ,footnote #ajai3 ,moore's ',life
 ( ,byron1' #hvo4 ed4 p4#dhd4--;,dante 0
 a religi\s z well z a political re=m]4 
,he 0 a re=m] ?ree hundr$ ye>s be=e !   
,re=mation1 advocat+ ! sep>ation ( !    

spiritual f ! civil p[]1 & decl>+ !     
temporal gov]nm5t ( ! ,pope to be a     
usurpation4 ,! foll[+ memorable words 7 
writt5 ov] five hundr$ & sixty ye>s ago1
 :ile ,dante 0 /ill a memb] ( ! ,roman  
,ca?olic ,*ur*3--,e ,div9e law is f\nd 9
 "o or o!r ( ! two ,te/am5ts2 b 9 nei!r 
c ,i f9d t ! c>e ( temporal matt]s 0    
giv5 to ! prie/hood4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,i  
f9d t ! fir/ prie/s 7 remov$ f !m by    
law1 & ! lat] prie/s1 by comm& ( ,*ri/1 
to ,8 disciples4--,,de ,,mon>*ia1 lib4  
iii4 cap4 xi4  ,dante also1 /ill cl++ to
 '! ,*ur* he wi%$ to re=m1' ?us         
anticipat$ ! fundam5tal doctr9e ( !     
,re=mation3-,be=e ! ,*ur* are ! ,old &  
,new ,te/am5t2 aft] ! ,*ur* are         
traditions4 ,x foll[s1 !n1 t ! au?ority 
( ! ,*ur* dep5ds1 n on traditions1 b    
traditions on ! ,*ur*4  ,footnote #ajbj3
 ',blackwood's ,magaz9e1' ,june1 #ahfc1 
art4 ',girolamo ,savon>ola4'  ,footnote 
#ajba3 ,"o ( ! la/ passages 9 ! ,di>y ( 
,dr4 ,arnold1 writt5 ! ye> be=e 8 dea?1 
0 z foll[s3--,x is ! mis=tune ( ,france 

t h] 'pa/' _c be lov$ or respect$--h]   
future & h] pres5t _c be w$d$ to x2 yet 
h[ c ! pres5t yield fruit1 or ! future h
 promise1 except _! roots be fix$ 9 !   
pa/8 ,! evil is inf9ite1 b ! blame re/s 
) ^? :o made ! pa/ a dead ?+1 out ( :i* 
no heal?ful life c\ld be                
produc$4--,,life1 ii4 #chg-h1 ,ed4      
#aheh4  ,footnote #ajbb3 ,a public      
orator lately spoke ) contempt ( !      
,battle ( ,m>a?on1 because only #aib    
p]i%$ on ! side ( ! ,a!nians1 :]eas by  
improv$ me*anism & de/ructive *emicals1 
"s #ej1jjj m5 or m may n[ be de/roy$ )9 
a few h\rs4 ,yet ! ,battle ( ,m>a?on1 & 
! h]oism display$ 9 x1 w probably       
cont9ue to be rememb]$ :5 ! gigantic    
but*]ies ( mod]n times h be5 =gott54    
,footnote #aaa3 ,civic virtues1 unless  
!y h _! orig9 & consecration 9 private &
 dome/ic virtues1 are b ! virtues ( !   
!atre4 ,he :o has n a lov+ he>t = 8     
*ild1 _c pret5d to h any true love =    
humanity4--,jules ,simon's ,,le         
,,devoir4  ,footnote #aab3 ',levana2 or1

 ,! ,doctr9e ( ,education4'  ,footnote  
#aac3 ,speak+ ( ! =ce ( habit1 ,/4      
,augu/9e says 9 8 ',confessions' ,my w !
 enemy held1 & !nce _h made a *a9 = me1 
& b\nd me4 ,= ( a fr[>d w 0 a lu/ made2 
& a lu/ s]v$ became cu/om2 & cu/om n    
resi/$ became necessity4 ,by :i* l9ks1 z
 x 71 jo9$ toge!r #aa:5ce ,i call$ x a  
*a9 a h>d bondage held me en?rall$4     
,footnote #aad3 ,mr4 ,tufnell1 9        
',reports ( ,inspectors ( ,p>o*ial      
,s*ool ,unions 9 ,engl& & ,wales1'      
#ahej4  ,footnote #aae3 ,see ! lett]s   
#aa;,janu>y #ac?1 #af?1 #ah?1 #bj?1 &   
#bcrd1 #agei1 writt5 by ,johnson to 8 "m
 :5 %e 0 n9ety1 & he himself 0 9 8      
fiftie? ye>4--,crok]s ,,boswell1 #hvo4  
,ed4 pp4 #aac1 #aad4  ,footnote #aaf3   
,j>$ ,sp>ks' ',life ( ,wa%+ton4'        
,footnote #aag3 ,=/]'s ',em95t ,briti%  
,/atesm5' #aa;,cab9et ,cyclop4 vi4 #h4  
,footnote #aah3 ,! ,e>l ( ,morn+ton1    
compos] ( ',"h 9 cool grot1' c4         
,footnote #aai3 ,rob]t ,bell's ',life ( 
,cann+1' p4 #cg4  ,footnote #aaaj3      

',life ( ,curran1' by 8 son1 p4 #d4     
,footnote #aaaa3 ,! fa!r ( ! ,wesleys _h
 ev5 det]m9$ at "o "t to ab&on 8 wife   
because h] consci5ce =bade h] to ass5t  
to 8 pray]s = ! !n reign+ mon>*1 & he 0 
only sav$ f ! consequ5ces ( 8 ra%       
resolve by ! accid5tal dea? ( ,william  
,,iii4 ,he display$ ! same ov]be>+      
disposition 9 deal+ ) 8 *ildr52 =c+ 8   
daught] ,mehetabel to m>ry1 aga9/ h] w1 
a man :om %e did n love1 & :o prov$     
entirely unwor?y ( h]4  ,footnote #aaab3
 ,goe! himself says--,vom ,vat] hab' i* 
die ,/atur1 ,des ,leb5s ern/es ,fuhr52  
,von ,mutt]*5 die ,frohnatur ,und ,lu/  
zu fabulir54  ,footnote #aaac3 ,mrs4    
,grote's ',life ( ,ary ,s*eff]1' p4     
#aed4  ,footnote #aaad3 ,mi*elet1 ',on  
,prie/s1 ,wom51 & ,families4'  ,footnote
 #aaae3 ,mrs4 ,byron is said to h di$ 9 
a fit ( passion1 br\ght on by read+ h]  
uphol/]]'s bills4  ,footnote #aaaf3     
,sa9te-,beuve1 ',caus]ies du ,lundi1' i4
 #bc4  ,footnote #aaag3 ,ibid4 i4 #bb4  
,footnote #aaah3 ,ibid4 #a4 #bc4        

,footnote #aaai3 ,t ab\t "o-?ird ( all !
 *ildr5 born 9 ?is c\ntry die "u five   
ye>s ( age1 c only he attributable to   
ignorance ( ! natural laws1 ignorance ( 
! human con/itution1 & ignorance ( !    
uses ( pure air1 pure wat]1 & ( ! art ( 
prep>+ & adm9i/]+ :olesome food4 ,!re is
 no su* mortality among/ ! l[] animals4 
,footnote #aabj3 ,beaum>*ais' ',fig>o1' 
:i* 0 receiv$ ) su* en?usiasm 9 ,france 
%ortly be=e ! outbreak ( ! ,revolution1 
may be reg>d$ z a typical play2 x       
repres5t$ ! av]age morality ( ! upp] z  
well z ! l[] classes ) respect to !     
relations betwe5 ! sexes4 ,label m5 h[ y
 please1 says ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 ) titles ( 
'upp]' & 'middle' & 'l[]1' y _c prev5t  
!m f be+ units ( ! same society1 act$ ^u
 by ! same _s ( ! age1 m\ld$ aft] ! same
 type ( "*4 ,! me*anical law1 t action &
 reaction are equal1 has its moral      
analogue4 ,! de$ ( "o man to ano!r t5ds 
ultimately to produce a l effect ^u bo?1
 be ! de$ good or bad4 ,d b put !m 9    
relation%ip1 & no division into ca/es1  

no diff]5ces ( weal?1 c prev5t m5 f     
assimilat+4444 ,! same influ5ces :i*    
rapidly adapt ! individual to 8 society1
 ensure1 ?\gh by a sl[] process1 ! g5]al
 uni=mity ( a national "*4444 ,& s long 
z ! assimilat+ influ5ces productive ( x 
cont9ue at "w1 x is folly to suppose any
 "o grade ( a community c be morally    
diff]5t f ! re/4 ,9 :i*ev] rank y see   
corruption1 be assur$ x equally p]vades 
all ranks--be assur$ x is ! symptom ( a 
bad social dia!sis4 ,:il/ ! virus (     
depravity exi/s 9 "o "p ( !             
body-politic1 no o!r "p c rema9         
heal?y4--,,social ,,/atics1 *ap4 xx4 #g4
  ,footnote #aaba3 ,"s tw5ty-eight ye>s 
s9ce1 ! au?or wrote & publi%$ ! foll[+  
passage1 n )\t practical k ( ! subject2 
& not)/&+ ! great amelioration 9 ! lot (
 factory-work]s1 effect$ ma9ly ?r\gh !  
noble ef=ts ( ,"l ,%aftesbury1 !        
description is /ill to a l>ge ext5t     
true3--,! factory sy/em1 h[ev] mu* x may
 h add$ to ! weal? ( ! c\ntry1 has _h a 
mo/ delet]i\s effect on ! dome/ic       

condition ( ! p4 ,x has invad$ !        
sanctu>y ( home1 & brok5 up family &    
social ties4 ,x has tak5 ! wife f !     
husb&1 & ! *ildr5 f _! p>5ts4           
,especially has its t5d5cy be5 to l[] ! 
"* ( woman4 ,! p]=mance ( dome/ic duties
 is h] prop] (fice1--! managem5t ( h]   
h\sehold1 ! re>+ ( h] family1 !         
economiz+ ( ! family means1 ! supply+ ( 
! family wants4 ,b ! factory takes h] f 
all ^! duties4 ,homes become no long]   
homes4 ,*ildr5 gr[ up un$ucat$ &        
neglect$4 ,! f9] affections become      
blunt$4 ,woman is no m ! g5tle wife1    
companion1 & fri5d ( man1 b 8           
fell[-lab\r] & fell[-drudge4 ,%e is     
expos$ to influ5ces :i* too (t5 efface t
 mode/y ( ?\ght & conduct :i* is "o ( ! 
be/ safegu>ds ( virtue4 ,)\t judgm5t or 
s\nd pr9ciples to guide !m1             
factory-girls e>ly acquire ! feel+ (    
indep5d5ce4 ,ready to ?r[ (f ! con/ra9t 
impos$ on !m by _! p>5ts1 !y leave _!   
homes1 & spe$ily become initiat$ 9 !    
vices ( _! associates4 ,! atmosph]e1    

physical z well z moral1 9 :i* !y live1 
/imulates _! animal appetites2 !        
influ5ce ( bad example becomes contagi\s
 among !m & mis*ief is propagat$ f> &   
wide4--,,! ,,union1 ,janu>y1 #ahdc4     
,footnote #aabb3 ,a ,fr5* satiri/1 po9t+
 to ! repeat$ ,,plebiscites & p]petual  
vot+ ( late ye>s1 & to ! gr[+ want (    
fai? 9 any?+ b votes1 said1 9 #ahgj1 t  
we seem$ to be rapidly approa*+ ! p]iod 
:5 ! only pray] ( man & woman w\ld be1  
,give u ?is day our daily vote6         
,footnote #aabc3 ,( primeval & necess>y 
& absolute sup]iority1 ! relation ( ! "m
 to ! *ild is f> m complete1 ?\gh less  
seldom quot$ z an example1 ?an t ( fa!r 
& son4444 ,by ,sir ,rob]t ,film]1 !     
suppos$ necess>y z well z absolute p[] (
 ! fa!r ov] 8 *ildr51 0 tak5 z !        
f\ndation & orig91 & !nce ju/ify+ cause1
 ( ! p[] ( ! mon>* 9 e political /ate4  
,) m propriety he might h /at$ !        
absolute dom9ion ( a woman z ! only     
legitimate =m ( gov]nm5t4--,,deontology1
 ii4 #aha4  ,footnote #aba3 ',lett]s (  

,sir ,*>les ,bell1' p4 #aj4 #abb3       
',autobiography ( ,m>y ,anne            
,s*immelp5n9ck1' p4 #agi4  ,footnote    
#abc3 ,dean ,/anley's ',life ( ,dr4     
,arnold1' i4 #aea #ab;,ed4 #aheh4       
,footnote #abd3 ,"l ,cockburn's         
',memorials1' pp4 #be-f4  ,footnote     
#abe3 ,f a lett] ( ,canon ,moseley1 read
 at a ,memorial ,meet+ held %ortly aft] 
! dea? ( ! late ,"l ,h]b]t ( ,lea4      
,footnote #abf3 ,izaak ,walton's ',life 
( ,george ,h]b]t4'  ,footnote #abg3     
,/anley's ',life & ,lett]s ( ,dr4       
,arnold1' i4 #cc4  ,footnote #abh3      
,philip de ,com9es gives a curi\s       
illu/ration ( ! subs]vi5t1 ?\gh en=c$1  
imitation ( ,philip1 ,duke ( ,burgundy1 
by 8 c\rti]s4 ,:5 t pr9ce fell ill1 & _h
 8 head %av$1 he ord]$ t all 8 nobles1  
five hundr$ 9 numb]1 %\ld 9 l mann] %ave
 _! heads2 & "o ( !m1 ,pi]re de         
,hag5ba*1 to prove 8 devotion1 no soon] 
caught sight ( an un%av5 nobleman1 ?an  
he =?) _h him seiz$ & c>ri$ (f to !     
b>b]6--,philip de ,com9es #ab;,bohn's   

,ed41 p4 #bdc4  ,footnote #abi3 ',life1'
 i4 #cdd4  ,footnote #abaj3             
,introduction to ',! ,pr9cipal ,spee*es 
& ,addresses ( ,h4,r4,h4 ! ,pr9ce       
,consort1' p4 #cc4  ,footnote #abaa3    
,spee* at ,liv]pool1 #ahab4  ,footnote  
#aca3;,9 ! ?ird *apt] ( 8 ,natural      
,hi/ory1 ,pl9y relates 9 :at high hon\r 
agriculture 0 held 9 ! e>li] days (     
,rome2 h[ ! divisions ( l& 7 measur$ by 
! quantity :i* c\ld be pl\gh$ by a yoke 
( ox5 9 a c]ta9 "t #ac;,,jug]um1 9 "o   
day2 ,,actus1 at "o spell2 h[ ! greate/ 
recomp5ce to a g5]al or valiant citiz5 0
 a ,,jug]um2 h[ ! e>lie/ surnames 7     
d]iv$ f agriculture 7,pilumnus1 f       
,,pilum1 ! pe/le = p\nd+ corn2 ,piso1 f 
,,piso1 to gr9d co92 ,fabius1 f ,,faba1 
a bean2 ,l5tulus1 f ,,l5s1 a l5til2     
,cic]o1 f ,,cic]1 a *ickpea2 ,babulcus1 
f ,,bos1 c472 h[ ! highe/ complim5t 0 to
 call a man a good agriculturi/1 or a   
good husb&man 7,,locuples1 ri*1 ,,loci  
,,pl5us1 ,,pecunia1 f ,,pecus1 c472 h[ !
 pa/ur+ ( cattle secretly by night ^u   

unripe crops 0 a capital (f5ce1         
puni%able by hang+2 h[ ! rural tribes   
held ! =emo/ rank1 :ile ^? ( ! city _h  
discr$it ?r[n ^u !m z be+ an indol5t    
race2 & h[ ,,gloriam ,,d5ique ,,ipsam1  
,a ,,f>ris ,,honore1 ',,adoream'        
,,appellabant2 ,,adorea1 or ,glory1 !   
rew>d ( val\r1 be+ d]iv$ f ,ador1 or    
spelt1 a k9d ( gra94  ,footnote #acb3   
',essay on ,gov]nm5t1' 9 ',encyclopa$ia 
,britannica4'  ,footnote #acc3 ,burton's
 ',anatomy ( ,melan*oly1' ,"p i41 ,mem4 
#b1 ,sub4 #f4  ,footnote #acd3 ,ibid4   
,end ( conclud+ *apt]4  ,footnote #ace3 
,x is *>act]i/ic ( ! ,h9doos to reg>d   
entire inaction z ! mo/ p]fect /ate1 &  
to describe ! ,supreme ,be+ z ,!        
,unmoveable4  ,footnote #acf3 ,less+ 0 s
 impress$ ) ! conviction t /agnant      
satisfaction 0 fatal to man1 t he w5t s 
f> z to say3 ,if ! ,all-p[]ful ,be+1    
hold+ 9 "o h& ,tru?1 & 9 ! o!r ! se>* = 
,tru?1 said to me1 ',*oose1' ,i w\ld    
answ] ,him1 ',o ,all-p[]ful1 keep =     
,?yself ! ,tru?2 b leave to me ! se>* = 

x1 :i* is ! bett] = me4' ,on ! o!r h&1  
,bossuet said3 ,si je concevais une     
nature purem5t intellig5te1 il me semble
 que je n'y mettrais qu'ent5dre et aim] 
la v]ite1 et que cela seul la r5drait   
heureux4  ,footnote #acg3 ,! late ,sir  
,john ,patteson1 :5 9 8 sev5tie? ye>1   
att5d$ an annual pl\gh+-mat* d9n] at    
,f5iton1 ,devon1 at :i* he ?\ght x wor? 
8 :ile to combat ! notion1 /ill too     
preval5t1 t because a man does n "w     
m]ely ) 8 bones & muscles1 he is !re=e n
 entitl$ to ! appellation ( a work+man4 
,9 recollect+ simil> meet+s to ! pres5t1
 he said1 ,i rememb] my fri5d1 ,john    
,pyle1 r ?r[+ x 9 my tee? t ,i _h n     
work$ = no?+2 b ,i told him1 ',mr4      
,pyle1 y d n "k :at y are talk+ ab\t4   
,we are all work]s4 ,! man :o pl\ghs !  
field & :o digs ! h$ge is a work]2 b !re
 are o!r work]s 9 o!r /ations ( life z  
well4 ,= myself1 ,i c say t ,i h be5 a  
work] ev] s9ce ,i h be5 a boy4'444 ,!n  
,i told him t ! (fice ( judge 0 by no   
means a s9ecure1 = t a judge work$ z h>d

 z any man 9 ! c\ntry4 ,he has to "w at 
v difficult que/ions ( law1 :i* are     
br\ght be=e him cont9ually1 giv+ him    
great anxiety2 & sometimes ! lives ( 8  
fell[-creatures are plac$ 9 8 h&s1 & are
 dep5d5t v mu* ^u ! mann] 9 :i* he      
places ! facts be=e ! jury4 ,t is a     
matt] ( no little anxiety1 ,i c assure  
y4 ,let any man ?9k z he w1 !re is no   
man :o has be5 ?r\gh ! ordeal = ! l5g? (
 "t t ,i h1 b mu/ feel consci\s ( !     
importance & gravity ( ! duty :i* is ca/
 ^u a judge4  ,footnote #ach3 ,"l       
,/anley's ,address to ! ,/ud5ts (       
,glasg[ ,univ]sity1 on 8 in/allation z  
,"l ,rector1 #ahfi4  ,footnote #aci3    
,writ+ to an abbot at ,nuremb]g1 :o _h  
s5t him a /ore ( turn+-tools1 ,lu!r     
said3 ,i h made consid]able progress 9  
clockmak+1 & ,i am v mu* delight$ at x1 
= ^! drunk5 ,saxons ne$ to be con/antly 
rem9d$ ( :at ! real "t is2 n t !y       
!mselves c>e mu* ab\t x1 = z long z _!  
glasses are kept fill$1 !y tr\ble       
!mselves v little z to :e!r clocks1 or  

clockmak]s1 or ! "t itself1 g           
"r4--,mi*elet's ,,lu!r #ac;,bogue ,ed41 
p4 #bjj4  ,footnote #acaj3 ,life (      
,p]!s1 ii4 #bj4  ,footnote #acaa3       
,lockh>t's ',life ( ,scott' #achvo4     
,ed41 p4 #ddb4  ,footnote #acab3 ,s\!y  
expresses ! op9ion 9 ',! ,doctor'1 t !  
"* ( a p]son may be bett] kn[n by !     
lett]s :i* o!r p]sons write to him ?an  
by :at he himself writes4  ,footnote    
#acac3 ',diss]tation on ! ,sci5ce (     
,me?od4'  ,footnote #acad3 ,! foll[+    
passage1 f a rec5t article 9 ! ,,pall   
,,mall ,,gazette1 w comm5d itself to    
g5]al aproval3--,!re c be no "q n[adays1
 t application to "w1 absorption 9      
affairs1 contact ) m51 & all ! /ress :i*
 bus9ess imposes on u1 gives a noble    
tra9+ to ! intellect1 & spl5did         
opportunity = discipl9e ( "*4 ,x is an  
utt]ly l[ view ( bus9ess :i* reg>ds x z 
only a means ( gett+ a liv+4 ,a man's   
bus9ess is 8 "p ( ! _w's "w1 8 %>e ( !  
great activities :i* r5d] society       
possible4 ,he may l x or dislike x1 b x 

is "w1 & z su* requires application1    
self-d5ial1 discipl9e4 ,x is 8 drill1 & 
he _c be ?or\gh 9 8 occupation )\t putt+
 himself into x1 *eck+ 8 fancies1       
re/ra9+ 8 impulses1 & hold+ himself to !
 p]petual r\nd ( small details--)\t1 9  
fact1 submitt+ to 8 drill4 ,b ! p]petual
 call on a man's read9ess1 sell-control1
 & vig\r :i* bus9ess makes1 ! con/ant   
appeal to ! intellect1 ! /ress ^u ! w1 !
 necessity = rapid & responsible ex]cise
 ( judgm5t--all ^! ?+s con/itute a high 
culture1 ?\gh n ! highe/4 ,x is a       
culture :i* /r5g!ns & invigorates if x  
does n ref9e1 :i* gives =ce if n        
poli%--! ,,=tit] ,,9 ,,re1 if n !       
,,suavit] ,,9 ,,modo4 ,x makes /rong m5 
& ready m51 & m5 ( va/ capacity =       
affairs1 ?\gh x does n necess>ily make  
ref9$ m5 or g5tlem54  ,footnote #acae3  
,on ! fir/ publication ( 8 ',despat*es1'
 "o ( 8 fri5ds said to him1 on read+ !  
records ( 8 ,indian campaigns3 ,x seems 
to me1 ,duke1 t y\r *ief bus9ess 9      
,india 0 to procure rice & bullocks4 ,& 

s x 01 repli$ ,well+ton3 = if ,i _h rice
 & bullocks1 ,i _h m52 & if ,i _h m51 ,i
 knew ,i c\ld beat ! enemy4  ,footnote  
#acaf3 ,m>ia ,edgewor?1 ',memoirs ( ,r4 
,l4 ,edgewor?1' ii4 #id4  ,footnote     
#acag3 ,a fri5d ( ,"l ,palm]/on has     
communicat$ to u ! foll[+ anecdote4     
,ask+ him "o day :5 he consid]$ a man to
 be 9 ! prime ( life1 8 imm$iate reply  
01 ,sev5ty-n9e6 ,b1 he add$1 ) a tw9kle 
9 8 eye1 z ,i h j ent]$ my eightie? ye>1
 p]haps ,i am myself a little pa/ x4    
,footnote #acah3 ',reasons ( ,*ur*      
,gov]nm5t1' ,book ,,ii4  ,footnote      
#acai3 ,col]idge's advice to 8 "y fri5ds
 0 mu* to ! same effect4 ,) ! exception 
( "o extraord9>y man1 he says1 ,i h nev]
 kn[n an individual1 lea/ ( all an      
individual ( g5ius1 heal?y or happy )\t 
a pr(ession3 i4e41 "s regul> employm5t  
:i* does n dep5d on ! w ( ! mom5t1 & :i*
 c be c>ri$ on s f> me*anically1 t an   
av]age quantum only ( heal?1 spirits1 & 
intellectual ex]tion are requisite to   
its fai?ful dis*>ge4 ,?ree h\rs (       

leisure1 unalloy$ by any ali5 anxiety1 &
 look$ =w>d to ) delight z a *ange &    
recreation1 w suffice to realise 9      
lit]ature a l>g] product ( :at is truly 
g5ial1 ?an weeks ( compulsion4444 ,if   
facts are requir$ to prove ! possibility
 ( comb9+ weighty p]=mances 9 lit]ature 
) full & indep5d5t employm5t1 ! works ( 
,cic]o & ,x5ophon1 among ! anci5ts--(   
,sir ,?omas ,m1 ,bacon1 ,baxt]1 or #acto
 ref] at once to lat] & contempor>y     
in/ances ,d>w9 & ,roscoe1 are at once   
decisive ( ! "q4--,,biographia          
,,lit]>ia1 ,*ap4 xi4  ,footnote #acbj3  
,mr4 ,ric>do publi%$ 8 celebrat$ ',!ory 
( ,r5t1' at ! urg5t recomm5dation (     
,james ,mill #acl 8 son1 a *ief cl]k 9 !
 ,india ,h\se1 au?or ( ! ',hi/ory (     
,briti% ,india4' ,:5 ! ',!ory ( ,r5t' 0 
writt51 ,ric>do 0 s dissatisfi$ ) x t he
 wi%$ to burn x2 b ,mr4 ,mill urg$ him  
to publi% x1 & ! book 0 a great success4
  ,footnote #acba3 ,! late ,sir ,john   
,lubbock1 8 fa!r1 0 also em95t z a      
ma!matician & a/ronom]4  ,footnote      

#acbb3 ,?ales1 once inveigh+ 9 disc\rse 
aga9/ ! pa9s & c>e m5 put !mselves to1  
to become ri*1 0 answ]$ by "o 9 !       
company t he did l ! fox1 :o f\nd fault 
) :at he c\ld n obta94 ,!reupon ,?ales  
_h a m9d1 = ! je/'s sake1 to %[ !m !    
contr>y2 & hav+ ^u ?is occasion = once  
made a mu/] ( all 8 wits1 :olly to      
employ !m 9 ! s]vice ( pr(it1 he set a  
traffic on foot1 :i* 9 "o ye> br\ght him
 9 s great ri*es1 t ! mo/ exp]i5c$ 9 t  
trade c\ld h>dly 9 _! :ole lives1 ) all 
_! indu/ry1 h rak$ s mu* toge!r4        
--,montaignes ,,essays1 ,book ,i41 *ap4 
#bd4  ,footnote #acbc3 ,! und]/&+1 says 
,mr4 ,bailey1 t is accu/om$ to pursue a 
regul> & connect$ tra9 ( ideas1 becomes 
9 "s measure incapacitat$ = ^? quick &  
v]satile movem5ts :i* are le>nt 9 !     
comm]ce ( ! _w1 & are indisp5sable to ^?
 :o act a "p 9 x4 ,deep ?9k+ & practical
 tal5ts require inde$ habits ( m9d s    
ess5tially dissimil>1 t :ile a man is   
/riv+ aft] ! "o1 he w be unavoidably 9  
dang] ( los+ ! o!r4 ,!nce1 he adds1 d we

 s (t5 f9d m51 :o are 'giants 9 !       
closet1' prove b '*ildr5 9 !            
_w4'--',essays on ! ,=mation &          
,publication ( ,op9ions1' pp4#bea-c4    
,footnote #acbd3 ,mr4 ,glad/one is z    
great an en?usia/ 9 lit]ature z ,cann+  
04 ,x is relat$ ( him t1 :ile he 0 wait+
 9 8 committee-room at ,liv]pool = !    
returns com+ 9 on ! day ( ! ,s\?        
,lanca%ire poll+1 he occupi$ himself 9  
proce$+ ) ! translation ( a "w :i* he 0 
!n prep>+ = ! press4  ,footnote #ada3   
,james ,russell ,l[ell4  ,footnote #adb3
 ,yet ,bacon himself _h writt51 ,i w\ld 
r believe all ! fai?s 9 ! ,leg5d1 & !   
,talmud1 & ! ,alcoran1 ?an t ?is        
univ]sal frame is )\t a m9d4  ,footnote 
#adc3 ,aubrey1 9 8 ',natural ,hi/ory (  
,wilt%ire1' allud+ to ,h>vey1 says3 ,he 
told me himself t ^u publi%+ t book he  
fell 9 8 practice extremely4  ,footnote 
#add3 ,sir ,?omas ,m's fir/ wife1 ,jane 
,colt1 0 orig9ally a "y c\ntry girl1 :om
 he himself in/ruct$ 9 lett]s1 & m\ld$  
to 8 own ta/es & mann]s4 ,%e di$ "y1    

leav+ a son & ?ree daught]s1 ( :om !    
noble ,m>g>et ,rop] mo/ resembl$ ,m     
himself4 ,8 second wife 0 ,alice        
,middleton1 a wid[1 "s sev5 ye>s old]   
?an ,m1 n beautiful--= he *>act]iz$ h] z
 ,,nec ,,bella1 ,,nec ,,puella--b a     
%rewd worldly woman1 n by any means     
dispos$ to sacrifice com=t & good *e] = 
consid]ations su* z ^? :i* s p[]fully   
influ5c$ ! m9d ( h] husb&4  ,footnote   
#ade3 ,be=e be+ behead$1 ,eliot said1   
,dea? is b a little ^w2 b ''tis a great 
"w to die4' ,9 8 ',prison ,?\ghts' be=e 
8 execution1 he wrote3 ,he t fe>s n to  
die1 fe>s no?+4444 ,!re is a "t to live1
 & a "t to die4 ,a good dea? is f> bett]
 & m eligible ?an an ill life4 ,a wise  
man lives b s long z 8 life is wor? m   
?an 8 dea?4 ,! long] life is n always ! 
bett]4  ,footnote #adf3 ,mr4 ,j4 ,s4    
,mill1 9 8 book ',on ,lib]ty1' describes
 ! masses1 z collective m$iocrity4 ,!   
initiation ( all wise or noble ?+s1 he  
says1 comes1 & mu/ come1 f              
individuals--g5]ally at fir/ f "s "o    

individual4 ,! hon\r & glory ( ! av]age 
man is t he is capable ( foll[+ t       
imitation2 t he c respond int]nally to  
wise & noble ?+s1 & be l$ to !m ) 8 eyes
 op54444 ,9 ?is age1 ! m]e example (    
noncon=mity1 ! m]e refusal to b5d ! knee
 to cu/om1 is itself a s]vice4          
,precisely because ! tyranny ( op9ion is
 su* z to make ecc5tricity a reproa*1 x 
is desirable1 9 ord] to break ?r\gh t   
tyranny1 t p %\ld be ecc5tric4          
,ecc5tricity has always ab\nd$ :5 & :]e 
/r5g? ( "* has ab\nd$2 & ! am\nt (      
ecc5tricity 9 a society has g5]ally be5 
proportional to ! am\nt ( g5ius1 m5tal  
vig\r1 & moral c\rage :i* x conta9$4 ,t 
s few n[ d>e to be ecc5tric1 m>ks ! *ief
 dang] ( ! "t4--,pp4 #abj-a4  ,footnote 
#adg3 ,mr4 ,ar?ur ,helps1 9 "o ( 8      
?\ghtful books1 publi%$ 9 #ahde1 made "s
 obs]vations on ?is po9t1 :i* are n less
 applicable n[4 ,he !re said3 x is a    
griev\s ?+ to see lit]ature made a      
vehicle = enc\rag+ ! enmity ( class to  
class4 ,yet ?is1 unhappily1 is n        

unfrequ5t n[4 ,"s great man summ$ up !  
nature ( ,fr5* novels by call+ !m !     
,lit]ature ( ,despair2 ! k9d ( writ+ t  
,i deprecate may be call$ ! ,lit]ature (
 ,envy4444 ,su* writ]s l to ?r[ _!      
influ5ce1 z !y might say1 into ! weak]  
scale4 ,b t is n ! prop] way ( look+ at 
! matt]4 ,i ?9k1 if !y saw ! ung5]\s    
nature ( _! proce$+s1 t alone w\ld /op  
!m4 ,!y %\ld recollect t lit]ature may  
fawn ^u ! masses z well z ! ari/ocracy2 
& 9 ^! days ! temptation is 9 ! =m]     
direction4 ,b :at is mo/ griev\s 9 ?is  
k9d ( writ+ is ! mis*ief x may d to !   
work+-p !mselves4 ,if y h _! true welf>e
 at he>t1 y w n only c>e = _! be+ f$ &  
clo!d1 b y w be anxi\s n to enc\rage    
unreasonable expectations 9 !m--n to    
make !m ungrateful or gre$y-m9d$4 ,above
 all1 y w be solicit\s to pres]ve "s    
self-reliance 9 !m4 ,y w be c>eful n to 
let !m ?9k t _! condition c be :olly    
*ang$ )\t ex]tion ( _! own4 ,y w\ld n   
desire to h x s *ang$4 ,once elevate y\r
 ideal ( :at y wi% to happ5 among/ !    

lab\r+ population1 & y w n easily admit 
any?+ 9 y\r writ+s t may injure _! moral
 or _! m5tal "*1 ev5 if y ?\ght x might 
ha/5 "s physical b5efit = !m4 ,t is !   
way to make y\r g5ius mo/ s]viceable to 
mank9d4 ,dep5d ^u x1 hone/ & bold ?+s   
require to be said to ! l[] z well z !  
high] classes2 & ! =m] are 9 ^! times   
mu* less likely to h1 su* ?+s address$  
to !m4-,claims ( ,lab\r1 pp4 #bec-d4    
,footnote #adh3 ',memoirs ( ,colonel    
,hut*9son' #ad;,bohn's ,ed41 p4 #cb4    
,footnote #adi3 ,at a public meet+ held 
at ,worce/]1 9 #ahfg1 9 recognition (   
,sir ,j4 ,pak+ton's s]vices z ,*airman (
 ,qu>t] ,sessions = a p]iod ( tw5ty-f\r 
ye>s1 ! foll[+ rem>ks1 made by ,sir     
,john on ! occasion1 are j & valuable z 
!y are mode/3-,i am indebt$ = :atev]    
measure ( success ,i h atta9$ 9 my      
public life1 to a comb9ation ( mod]ate  
abilities1 ) hone/y ( int5tion1 firmness
 ( purpose1 & /ead9ess ( conduct4 ,if ,i
 7 to (f] advice to any "y man anxi\s to
 make himself useful 9 public life1 ,i  

w\ld sum up ! results ( my exp]i5ce 9   
?ree %ort rules--rules s simple t any   
man may und]/& !m1 & s easy t any man   
may act ^u !m4 ,my fir/ rule w\ld       
be--leave x to o!rs to judge ( :at      
duties y are capable1 & = :at position y
 are fitt$2 b nev] refuse to give y\r   
s]vices 9 :atev] capacity x may be !    
op9ion ( o!rs :o are compet5t to judge t
 y may b5efit y\r neighb\rs or y\r      
c\ntry4 ,my second rule is--:5 y agree  
to und]take public duties1 conc5trate e 
en]gy & faculty 9 y\r possession ) !    
det]m9ation to dis*>ge ^? duties to !   
be/ ( y\r ability4 ,la/ly1 ,i w\ld      
c\nsel y t1 9 decid+ on ! l9e :i* y w   
take 9 public affairs1 y %\ld be guid$ 9
 y\r decision by t :i*1 aft] mature     
delib]ation1 y believe to be "r1 & n by 
t :i*1 9 ! pass+ h\r1 may happ5 to be   
fa%ionable or popul>4  ,footnote #adaj3 
,! foll[+ illu/ration ( "o ( 8 m9ute    
acts ( k9dness is giv5 9 8              
biography3--,he 0 "o day tak+ a long    
c\ntry walk ne> ,fre%=d1 :5 he met a    

little girl1 ab\t five ye>s old1 sobb+  
ov] a brok5 b[l2 %e _h dropp$ & brok5 x 
9 br++ x back f ! field to :i* %e _h    
tak5 h] fa!r's d9n] 9 x1 & %e said %e   
w\ld be beat5 on h] return home = hav+  
brok5 x2 :51 ) a sudd5 gleam ( hope1 %e 
innoc5tly look$ up into 8 face1 & said1 
',b yee c m5d x1 c't ee8'  ,my fa!r     
expla9$ t he c\ld n m5d ! b[l1 b !      
tr\ble he c\ld1 by ! gift ( a sixp5ce to
 buy ano!r4 ,h[ev]1 on op5+ 8 purse x 0 
empty ( silv]1 & he _h to make am5ds by 
promis+ to meet 8 little fri5d 9 ! same 
spot at ! same h\r next day1 & to br+ ! 
sixp5ce ) him1 bidd+ h]1 mean:ile1 tell 
h] "m %e _h se5 a g5tleman :o w\ld br+  
h] ! money = ! b[l next day4 ,! *ild1   
entirely tru/+ him1 w5t on h] way       
com=t$4 ,on 8 return home he f\nd an    
invitation await+ him to d9e 9 ,ba? !   
foll[+ ev5+1 to meet "s "o :om he       
specially wi%$ to see4 ,he hesitat$ = "s
 little "t1 try+ to calculate !         
possibility ( giv+ ! meet+ to 8 little  
fri5d ( ! brok5 b[l & ( /ill be+ 9 "t = 

! d9n]-p>ty 9 ,ba?2 b f9d+ ?is c\ld n   
be1 he wrote to decl9e accept+ !        
invitation on ! plea ( 'a               
pre-engagem5t1' say+ to u1 ',i _c       
disappo9t h]1 %e tru/$ me s implicitly4'
  ,footnote #adaa3 ,miss ,flor5ce       
,night+ale has relat$ ! foll[+ incid5t z
 hav+ occurr$ be=e ,seba/opol3--,i      
rememb] a s]geant :o1 on picket1 ! re/ (
 ! picket kill$ & himself batt]$ ab\t ! 
head1 /umbl$ back to camp1 & on 8 way   
pick$ up a w\nd$ man & br\ght him 9 on 8
 %\ld]s to ! l9es1 :]e he fell d[n      
ins5sible4 ,:51 aft] _m h\rs1 he recov]$
 8 s5ses1 ,i believe aft] trepann+1 8   
fir/ words 7 to ask aft] 8 comrade1 ',is
 he alive8' ',comrade1 inde$2 yes1 he's 
alive--x is ! g5]al4' ,at t mom5t !     
g5]al1 ?\gh badly w\nd$1 appe>$ at !    
b$side4 ',oh1 g5]al1 x's y1 is x1 ,i    
br\ght 98 ,i'm s glad2 ,i didn't "k y\r 
hon\r4 ,b1 ----1 if ,i'd kn[n x 0 y1    
,i'd h sav$ y all ! same4' ,?is is !    
true soldi]'s _s4  ,9 ! same lett]1     
,miss ,night+ale says3 ,engl&1 f h] gr& 

m]cantile & comm]cial successes1 has be5
 call$ sordid2 ,god kn[s %e is n4 ,!    
simple c\rage1 ! endur+ pati5ce1 ! good 
s5se1 ! /r5g? to suff] 9 sil5ce--:at    
nation %[s m ( ?is 9 w> ?an is %[n by h]
 commone/ soldi]8 ,i h se5 m5 dy+ (     
dys5t]y1 b scorn+ to report !mselves    
sick le/ !y %\ld !reby ?r[ m lab\r on _!
 comrades1 g d[n to ! tr5*es & make !   
tr5*es _! dea?b$4 ,!re is no?+ 9 hi/ory 
to comp>e ) x4444  ,say :at m5 w1 !re is
 some?+ m truly ,*ri/ian 9 ! man :o     
gives 8 "t1 8 /r5g?1 8 life1 if ne$ be1 
= some?+ n himself--:e!r he call x 8    
,que51 8 c\ntry1 or 8 col\rs--?an 9 all 
! asceticism1 ! fa/s1 ! humiliations1 & 
confessions :i* h ev] be5 made3 & ?is _s
 ( giv+ "o's life1 )\t call+ x a        
sacrifice1 is f\nd n[h]e s truly z 9    
,engl&4  ,footnote #adab3 ,mrs4 ,grote's
 ',life ( ,ary ,s*eff]1' pp4 #aed-e4    
,footnote #adac3 ,! suff]+s ( ?is noble 
woman1 toge!r ) ^? ( h] un=tunate husb&1
 7 t\*+ly describ$ 9 a lett] aft]w>ds   
address$ by h] to a female fri5d1 :i* 0 

publi%$ "s ye>s ago at ,ha>lem1 entitl$1
 ',g]trude von d] ,w>t2 or1 ,fidelity   
unto ,dea?4' ,mrs4 ,hemans wrote a poem 
( great pa?os & beauty1 commemorat+ !   
sad /ory 9 h] ',records ( ,woman4'      
,footnote #aea3 ',social ,/atics1' p4   
#ahe4  ,footnote #aeb3 ,9 all cases1    
says ,j]emy ,b5?am1 :5 ! p[] ( ! w c be 
ex]cis$ ov] ! ?\ghts1 let ^? ?\ghts be  
direct$ t[>ds happ9ess4 ,look out = !   
bright1 = ! brighte/ side ( ?+s1 & keep 
y\r face con/antly turn$ to x4444 ,a    
l>ge "p ( exi/5ce is necess>ily pass$ 9 
inaction4 ,by day #aeto take an in/ance 
f ! ?\s& 9 con/ant recurr5ce1 :5 9      
att5dance on o!rs1 & "t is lo/ by be+   
kept wait+2 by night :5 sleep is unwill+
 to close ! eyelids1 ! economy (        
happ9ess recomm5ds ! occupation (       
pleasurable ?\ght4 ,9 walk+ abroad1 or 9
 re/+ at home1 ! m9d _c be vacant2 its  
?\ghts may be useful1 useless1 or       
p]nici\s to happ9ess4 ,direct !m aright2
 ! habit ( happy ?\ght w spr+ up l any  
o!r habit4 ,,deontology1 ii4 #aje-f4    

,footnote #aec3 ,! foll[+ extract f a   
lett] ( ,m4 ,boyd1 ,esq41 is giv5 by    
,e>l ,/anhope 9 8 ',miscellanies'3--,!re
 0 a circum/ance told me by ! late ,mr4 
,*ri/mas1 :o = _m ye>s held an important
 (ficial situation 9 ! ,bank ( ,engl&4  
,he 01 ,i believe1 9 e>ly life a cl]k 9 
! ,treasury1 or "o ( ! gov]nm5t (fices1 
& = "s "t act$ = ,mr4 ,pitt z 8         
confid5tial cl]k1 or tempor>y private   
secret>y4 ,*ri/mas 0 "o ( ! mo/ oblig+  
m5 ,i ev] knew2 &1 f !1 position he     
occupi$1 0 con/antly expos$ to          
int]ruptions1 yet ,i nev] saw 8 temp] 9 
! lea/ ruffl$4 ,"o day ,i f\nd him m ?an
 usually engag$1 hav+ a mass ( acc\nts  
to prep>e = "o ( ! law-c\rts--/ill !    
same equanimity1 & ,i c\ld n resi/ !    
opportunity ( ask+ ! old g5tleman !     
secret4 ',well1 ,mr4 ,boyd1 y %all "k x4
 ,mr4 ,pitt gave x to me3--,,n ,,to     
,,lose ,,my ,,temp]1 ,,if ,,possible1   
,,at ,,any ,,"t1 ,,& ,,nev] ,,dur+ ,,!  
,,h\rs ,,( ,,bus9ess4 ,my lab\rs "h     
#ae;,bank ( ,engl& comm5ce at n9e & end 

at ?ree2 &1 act+ on ! advice ( !        
illu/ri\s /atesman1 ,i ,,nev] ,,lose    
,,my ,,temp] ,,dur+ ,,^? ,,h\rs4'       
,footnote #aed3 ',/raf=d ,pap]s1' i4    
#hg4  ,footnote #aee3 ,j>$ ,sp>ks'      
',life ( ,wa%+ton1' pp4 #g1 #ecd4       
,footnote #aef3 ,brialmont's ',life (   
,well+ton4'  ,footnote #aeg3 ,pr(essor  
,tyndall1 on ',f>aday z a ,discov]]1' p4
 #aef4  ,footnote #aeh3 ',life ( ,p]!s1'
 ii4 #baf4  ,footnote #aei3 ,lady       
,elizabe? ,c>ew4  ,footnote #aeaj3      
,francis ,horn]1 9 "o ( 8 lett]s1 says3 
,x is among ! v s9c]e & zeal\s fri5ds ( 
lib]ty t y w f9d ! mo/ p]fect specim5s (
 wronghead$ness2 m5 ( a diss5t+1        
prov9cial ca/ ( virtue--:o #ae;accord+  
to "o ( ,%>pe's fav\rite phrases ,,w    
drive a w$ge ! broad end =emo/--utt]    
/rang]s to all mod]ation 9 political    
bus9ess4--,francis ,horn]'s ,,life ,,&  
,,correspond5ce #aeahdc1 ii4 #acc4      
,footnote #aeaa3 ,pr(essor ,tyndall on  
',f>aday z a ,discov]]1' pp4 #dj-a4     
,footnote #aeab3 ,yet ,burke himself2   

?\gh capable ( giv+ ,b>ry su* excell5t  
advice1 0 by no means immaculate z      
reg>d$ 8 own temp]4 ,:5 he lay ill at   
,beaconsfield1 ,fox1 f :om he _h become 
sep>at$ by political diff]5ces aris+ out
 ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 w5t d[n to see 8
 old fri5d4 ,b ,burke w\ld n grant him  
an int]view2 he positively refus$ to see
 him4 ,on 8 return to t[n1 ,fox told 8  
fri5d ,coke ! result ( 8 j\rney2 & :5   
,coke lam5t$ ,burke's ob/9acy1 ,fox only
 repli$1 goodnatur$ly3 ,ah6 nev] m9d1   
,tom2 ,i always f9d e ,iri%man has got a
 piece ( potato 9 8 head4 ,yet ,fox1 ) 8
 usual g5]osity1 :5 he he>d ( ,burke's  
imp5d+ dea?1 wrote a mo/ k9d & cordial  
lett] to ,mrs4 ,burke1 expressive ( 8   
grief & sympa?y2 & :5 ,burke 0 no m1    
,fox 0 ! fir/ to propose t he %\ld be   
int]r$ ) public hon\rs 9 ,we/m9/]       
,abbey--:i* only ,burke's own express   
wi%1 t he %\ld be buri$ at              
,beaconsfield1 prev5t$ be+ c>ri$ out4   
,footnote #aeac3 ,:5 ,curran1 ! ,iri%   
b>ri/]1 visit$ ,burns's cab9 9 #ahaj1 he

 f\nd x conv]t$ into a public h\se1 & ! 
l&lord :o %[$ x 0 drunk4 ,!re1 said he1 
po9t+ to a corn] on "o side ( ! fire1 ) 
a mo/ ,,malapropos laugh-!re is ! v spot
 :]e ,rob]t ,burns 0 born4 ,! g5ius & ! 
fate ( ! man1 says ,curran1 7 already   
heavy on my he>t2 b ! drunk5 laugh ( !  
l&lord gave me su* a view ( ! rock on   
:i* he _h f\nd]$1 t ,i c\ld n /& x1 b   
bur/ into te>s4  ,footnote #aead3 ,!    
*apla9 ( ,horsemong]lane ,gaol1 9 8     
annual report to ! ,surrey ju/ices1 ?us 
/ates ! result ( 8 c>eful /udy ( !      
causes ( di%one/y3 ,f my exp]i5ce (     
pr$atory crime1 f\nd$ ^u c>eful /udy ( !
 "* ( a great v>iety ( prison]s1 ,i     
conclude t habitual di%one/y is to be   
ref]r$ nei!r to ignorance1 nor to       
drunk5ness1 nor to pov]ty1 nor to       
ov]cr[d+ 9 t[ns1 nor to temptation f    
surr\nd+ weal?--nor1 inde$1 to any "o ( 
! _m indirect causes to :i* x is        
sometimes ref]r$--b ma9ly ,,to ,a       
,,disposition ,,to ,,acquire ,,prop]ty  
,,) ,a ,,less ,,degree ,,( ,,lab\r ,,?an

 ,,ord9>y ,,indu/ry4 ,! italics are !   
au?or's4  ,footnote #aeae3 ,s4 ,c4      
,hall's ',memories4'  ,footnote #aeaf3  
,moore's ',life ( ,byron1' #hvo4 ,ed41  
p4 #ahb4  ,footnote #aeag3 ,capta9      
,basil ,hall records ! foll[+           
conv]sation ) ,scott3-,x occurs to me1  
,i obs]v$1 t p are apt to make too mu*  
fuss ab\t ! loss ( =tune1 :i* is "o ( ! 
smalle/ ( ! great evils ( life1 & ought 
to be among ! mo/ tol]able4--,d y call x
 a small mis=tune to be ru9$ 9          
money-matt]s8 he ask$4 ,x is n s pa9ful1
 at all ev5ts1 z ! loss ( fri5ds4--,i   
grant t1 he said4 ,z ! loss ( "*8--,true
 aga94 ,z ! loss ( heal?8--,ay1 !re y h 
me1 he mutt]$ to himself1 9 a tone s    
melan*oly t ,i wi%$ ,i _h n spok54 ,:at 
is ! loss ( =tune to ! loss ( peace (   
m9d8 ,i cont9u$4 ,9 %ort1 said he1      
playfully1 y w make x out t !re is no   
h>m 9 a man's be+ plung$ ov]-head-&-e>s 
9 a debt he _c remove4 ,mu* dep5ds1 ,i  
?9k1 on h[ x 0 incurr$1 & :at ef=ts are 
made to r$eem x--at lea/1 if ! suff]] be

 a rightm9d$ man4 ,i hope x does1 he    
said1 *e]fully & firmly4--,,fragm5ts ,,(
 ,,voyages ,,& ,,travels1 #crd s]ies1   
pp4 #cjh-i4  ,footnote #aeah3 ,^!       
battles1 he wrote 9 8 ,di>y1 h be5 !    
dea? ( _m a man1 ,i ?9k !y w be m9e4    
,footnote #aeai3 ,scott's ,di>y1        
,decemb] #ag?1 #ahbg4  ,footnote #afa3  
,f ,lovelace's l9es to ,lucu/a #af,lucy 
,sa*ev]ell1 ',go+ to ! ,w>s4'  ,footnote
 #afb3 ,among/ o!r great m5 ( g5ius1    
,ario/o & ,mi*ael ,angelo devot$ to h]  
_! s]vice & _! muse4  ,footnote #afc3   
,see ! ,rev4 ,f4 ,w4 ,f>r>'s admirable  
book1 entitl$ ',seek]s aft] ,god'       
#af,sunday ,libr>y4 ,! au?or !re says3  
,epictetus 0 n a ,*ri/ian4 ,he has only 
once allud$ to ! ,*ri/ians 9 8 works1 & 
!n x is "u ! opprobri\s title (         
',galileans1' :o practis$ a k9d (       
ins5sibility 9 pa9ful circum/ances1 & an
 indiff]5ce to worldly int]e/s1 :i*     
,epictetus unju/ly sets d[n to 'm]e     
habit4' ,unhappily1 x 0 n grant$ to ^!  
hea!n philosoph]s 9 any true s5se to "k 

:at ,*ri/ianity 04 ,!y ?\ght t x 0 an   
attempt to imitate ! results (          
philosophy1 )\t hav+ pass$ ?r\gh !      
necess>y discipl9e4 ,!y view$ x )       
suspicion1 !y treat$ x ) inju/ice4 ,&   
yet 9 ,*ri/ianity1 & 9 ,*ri/ianity      
alone1 !y w\ld h f\nd an ideal :i* w\ld 
h surpass$ _! l(tie/ anticipations4     
,footnote #afd3 ,sp>ks' ',life (        
,wa%+ton1' pp4 #ada-b4  ,footnote #afe3 
,well+ton1 l ,wa%+ton1 _h to pay !      
p5alty ( 8 adh]5ce to ! cause he ?\ght  
"r1 9 8 loss ( popul>ity4 ,he 0 mobb$ 9 
! /reets ( ,london1 & _h 8 w9d[s sma%$  
by ! mob1 :ile 8 wife lay dead 9 ! h\se4
 ,sir ,walt] ,scott also 0 hoot$ & pelt$
 at ,hawick by ! p1 amid/ cries ( ,burke
 ,sir ,walt]6  ,footnote #aff3          
,rob]tson's ',life & ,lett]s1' ii4 #aeg4
  ,footnote #afg3 ,we select ! foll[+   
passages f ?is rem>kable report ( ,b>on 
,/(fel1 z be+ ( m ?an m]ely tempor>y    
int]e/3--,:o t has liv$ "h #af;,b]l9 w  
d5y t ! ,prussians are en]getic1        
patriotic1 & teem+ ) y\?ful vig\r2 t !y 

are n corrupt$ by s5sual pleasures1 b   
are manly1 h e>ne/ convictions1 d n ?9k 
x b5ea? !m to rev]5ce s9c]ely :at is    
noble & l(ty8 ,:at a melan*oly contra/  
does ,france (f] 9 all ?is8 ,hav+ sne]$ 
at ev]y?+1 %e has lo/ ! faculty (       
respect+ any?+4 ,virtue1 family life1   
patriotism1 hon\r1 religion1 are        
repres5t$ to a frivol\s g5]ation z fitt+
 subjects ( ridicule4 ,! !atres h become
 s*ools ( %amelessness & obsc5ity4 ,drop
 by drop1 poison is in/ill$ into ! v    
core ( an ignorant & en]vat$ society1   
:i* has nei!r ! insight nor ! en]gy left
 to am5d its in/itutions1 nor--:i* w\ld 
be ! mo/ necess>y /ep to take--become   
bett] in=m$ or m moral4 ,"o aft] ! o!r !
 f9e qualities ( ! nation are dy+ out4  
,:]e is ! g5]osity1 ! loyalty1 ! *>m (  
our ,,esprit1 & our =m] elevation ( s\l8
 ,if ?is goes on1 ! "t w come :5 ?is    
noble race ( ,france w be kn[n only by  
its faults4 ,& ,france has no idea t    
:ile %e is s9k+1 m e>ne/ nations are    
/eal+ ! m>* ^u h]1 are di/anc+ h] on !  

road to progress1 & are prep>+ = h] a   
second>y position 9 ! _w4  ,i am afraid 
t ^! op9ions w n be reli%$ 9 ,france4   
,h[ev] correct1 !y diff] too mu* f :at  
is usually said & ass]t$ at home4 ,i    
%\ld wi% "s enlight5$ & unprejudic$     
,fr5*m5 to come to ,prussia & make ?is  
c\ntry _! /udy4 ,!y w\ld soon discov] t 
!y 7 liv+ 9 ! mid/ ( a /rong1 e>ne/1 &  
intellig5t nation1 entirely de/itute1 x 
is true1 ( noble & delicate feel+s1 (   
all fasc9at+ *>ms1 b end[$ ) e solid    
virtue1 & alike di/+ui%$ = untir+       
indu/ry1 ord]1 & economy1 z well z =    
patriotism1 a /rong s5se ( duty1 & t    
consci\sness ( p]sonal dignity :i* 9 _! 
case is s happily bl5d$ ) respect =     
au?ority & ob$i5ce to ! law4 ,!y w\ld   
see a c\ntry ) firm1 s\nd1 & moral      
in/itutions1 ^: upp] classes are wor?y (
 _! rank1 &1 by possess+ ! highe/ degree
 ( culture1 devot+ !mselves to ! s]vice 
( ! ,/ate1 sett+ an example (           
patriotism1 & kn[+ h[ to pres]ve !      
influ5ce legitimately _! own4 ,!y w\ld  

f9d a ,/ate ) an excell5t adm9i/ration  
:]e ev]y?+ is 9 its "r place1 & :]e !   
mo/ admirable ord] prevails 9 e bran* ( 
! social & political sy/em4 ,prussia may
 be well comp>$ to a massive /ructure ( 
l(ty proportions & a/\nd+ solidity1 :i*1
 ?\gh x has no?+ to delight ! eye or    
speak to ! he>t1 _c b impress u ) its   
gr& symmetry1 equally obs]vable 9 its   
broad f\ndations z 9 its /rong & %elt]+ 
ro(4  ,& :at is ,france8 ,:at is ,fr5*  
society 9 ^! latt] days8 ,a hurly-burly 
( disord]ly elem5ts1 all mix$ & jumbl$  
toge!r2 a c\ntry 9 :i* ev]ybody claims !
 "r to occupy ! highe/ po/s1 yet few    
rememb] t a man to be employ$ 9 a       
responsible position ought to h a       
well-balanc$ m9d1 ought to be /rictly   
moral1 to "k some?+ ( ! _w1 & possess   
c]ta9 intellectual p[]s2 a c\ntry 9 :i* 
! highe/ (fices are frequ5tly held by   
ignorant & un$ucat$ p]sons1 :o ei!r boa/
 "s special tal5t1 or ^: only claim is  
social position & "s v]satility &       
address4 ,:at a baneful & degrad+ /ate (

 ?+s6 ,& h[ natural t1 :ile x la/s1     
,france %\ld be full ( a p )\t a        
position1 )\t a call+1 :o d n "k :at to 
d ) !mselves1 b are none ! less eag] to 
envy & malign e "o :o does4444  ,! ,fr5*
 d n possess 9 any v m>k$ degree !      
qualities requir$ to r5d] g5]al         
conscription acceptable1 or to turn x to
 acc\nt4 ,conceit$ & egoti/ic z !y are1 
! p w\ld object to an innovation ^:     
invigorat+ =ce !y are unable to         
compreh5d1 & :i* _c be c>ri$ out )\t    
virtues :i* !y d n                      
possess--self-abnegation1 consci5ti\s   
recognition ( duty1 & a will+ness to    
sacrifice p]sonal int]e/s to ! l(ti]    
dem&s ( ! c\ntry4 ,z ! "* ( individuals 
is only improv$ by exp]i5ce1 mo/ nations
 require a *a/isem5t be=e !y set ab\t   
reorganis+ _! political in/itutions4 ,s 
,prussia want$ a ,j5a to make h] ! /rong
 & heal?y c\ntry %e is4  ,footnote #afh3
 ,yet ev5 9 ,de ,tocqueville's b5evol5t 
nature1 !re 0 a p]vad+ elem5t (         
impati5ce4 ,9 ! v lett] 9 :i* ! above   

passage occurs1 he says3 ,"s p]sons try 
to be ( use to m5 :ile !y despise !m1 & 
o!rs because !y love !m4 ,9 ! s]vices   
r5d]$ by ! fir/1 !re is always some?+   
incomplete1 r\gh1 & contemptu\s1 t      
inspires nei!r confid5ce nor gratitude4 
,i %\ld l to belong to ! second class1 b
 (t5 ,i _c4 ,i love mank9d 9 g5]al1 b ,i
 con/antly meet ) individuals ^: bas5ess
 revolts me4 ,i /ruggle daily aga9/ a   
univ]sal contempt = my fell[1           
creatures4--,,memoirs ,,& ,,rema9s ,,(  
,,de ,,tocqueville1 vol4 i4 p4 #hac4    
,footnote #af,lett] to ,k]gorlay1 ,nov4 
#ac?1 #ahcc4  ,footnote #afi3 ,gleig's  
',life ( ,well+ton1' pp4 #cad1 #cae4    
,footnote #afaj3 ',life ( ,arnold1' i4  
#id4  ,footnote #afaa3 ,see ! ',memoir (
 ,george ,wilson1 ,m4,d41 ,f4,r4,s4,e4' 
,by 8 si/] ,footnote #af;,ed9burgh1     
#ahfj4  ,footnote #afab3 ,su* cases are 
n unusual4 ,we p]sonally knew a "y lady1
 a c\ntrywoman ( ,pr(essor ,wilson1     
afflict$ by canc] 9 ! brea/1 :o conceal$
 ! disease f h] p>5ts le/ x %\ld        

occasion !m di/ress4 ,an op]ation became
 necess>y2 & :5 ! surgeons call$ = !    
purpose ( p]=m+ x1 %e h]self answ]$ !   
door1 receiv$ !m ) a *e]ful c\nt5ance1  
l$ !m up/airs to h] room1 & submitt$ to 
! knife2 & h] p>5ts knew no?+ ( !       
op]ation until x 0 all ov]4 ,b ! disease
 _h become too deeply seat$ = recov]y1 &
 ! noble self-d5y+ girl di$1 *e]ful &   
uncompla9+ to ! end4  ,footnote #afac3  
,"o night1 ab\t elev5 o'clock1 ,keats   
return$ home 9 a /ate ( /range physical 
excitem5t--x might h appe>$1 to ^? :o   
did n "k him1 "o ( fi]ce intoxication4  
,he told 8 fri5d he _h be5 outside !    
/age-coa*1 _h receiv$ a sev]e *ill1 0 a 
little fev]$1 b add$1 ',i don't feel x  
n[4' ,he 0 easily p]suad$ to g to b$1 & 
z he leapt into ! cold %eets1 be=e 8    
head 0 on ! pill[1 he slightly c\gh$ &  
said1 ',t is blood f my m\?2 br+ me !   
c&le2 let me see ?is blood' ,he gaz$    
/eadfa/ly = "s mom5ts at ! ruddy /a91 & 
!n1 look+ 9 8 fri5d's face ) an         
expression ( sudd5 calmness nev] to be  

=gott51 said1 ',i "k ! col\r ( t        
blood--x is art]ial blood4 ,i _c be     
deceiv$ 9 t col\r2 t drop is my         
dea?-w>rant4 ,i mu/ die6'--,h\ghton's   
,,life ,,( ,,keats1 ,ed4 #ahfg1 p4 #bhi4
  ,9 ! case ( ,george ,wilson1 ! ble$+ 0
 9 ! fir/ in/ance f ! /oma*1 ?\gh he    
aft]w>ds suff]$ f lung haemorrhage l    
,keats4 ,wilson aft]w>ds1 speak+ ( !    
,lives ( ,lamb & ,keats1 :i* _h j       
appe>$1 said he _h be5 read+ !m ) great 
sadness4 ,!re is1 said he1 some?+ 9 !   
noble bro!rly love ( ,*>les to bright51 
& hall[1 & relieve t sadness2 b ,keats's
 dea?b$ is ! blackness ( midnight1      
unmitigat$ by "o ray ( light6  ,footnote
 #afad3 ,on ! doctors1 :o att5d$ him 9 8
 fir/ attack1 mi/ak+ ! haemorrhage f !  
/oma* = haemorrhage f ! lungs1 he wrote3
 ,x w\ld h be5 b poor consolation to h  
_h z an epitaph3--        ,"h lies      
,george ,wilson1         ,ov]tak5 by    
,nemesis2       ,he di$ n (             
,haemoptysis1         ,b (              
,haematemesis4  ,footnote #afae3        

',memoir1' p4 #dbg4  ,footnote #aga3    
,j]emy ,taylor's ',holy ,liv+4'         
,footnote #agb3 ',mi*elet's ',life (    
,lu!r1' pp4 #daa-ab4  ,footnote #agc3   
,sir ,john ,kaye's ',lives ( ,indian    
,(fic]s4'  ,footnote #agd3              
',deontology1' pp4 #acj-a1 #add4        
,footnote #age3 ',lett]s & ,essays1' p4 
#fg4  ,footnote #agf3 ',beauties ( ,/4  
,francis de ,sales4'  ,footnote #agg3   
,ibid4  ,footnote #agh3 ',life ( ,p]!s1'
 ii4 #ddi4  ,footnote #agi3 ,moore's    
',life ( ,byron1' #hvo4 ,ed41 p4 #dhc4  
,footnote #aha3 ,locke ?\ght x ( great] 
importance t an educator ( y\? %\ld be  
well-br$ & well-temp]$1 ?an t he %\ld be
 ei!r a ?or\gh classici/ or man (       
sci5ce4 ,writ+ to ,"l ,pet]bor\gh on 8  
son's education1 ,locke said3 ,y\r      
,lord%ip w\ld h y\r son's tutor a ?or\gh
 s*ol>1 & ,i ?9k x n mu* matt] :e!r he  
be any s*ol> or no3 if he b und]/& ,lat9
 well1 & h a g5]al s*eme ( ! sci5ces1 ,i
 ?9k t en\gh4 ,b ,i w\ld h him          
,,well-,,br$ & ,,well-,,temp]$4         

,footnote #ahb3 ,mrs4 ,hut*9son's       
',memoir ( ! ,life ( ,lieut4-,colonel   
,hut*9son1' p4 #cb4  ,footnote #ahc3    
',lett]s & ,essays1' p4 #ei4  ,footnote 
#ahd3 ',lettres d'un ,voyageur4'        
,footnote #ahe3 ,sir ,h5ry ,taylor's    
',/atesman1' p4 #ei4  ,footnote #ahf3   
,introduction to ! ',pr9cipal ,spee*es &
 ,addresses ( ,8 ,royal ,highness !     
,pr9ce ,consort1' #ahfb4  ,footnote     
#ahg3      ,:5 9 disgrace ) =tune & m5's
 eyes1        ,i all alone bewe5 my     
outca/ /ate1     ,& tr\bl$ deaf heav5 ) 
my bootless cries1        ,& look ^u    
myself & curse my fate2     ,,wi%+ ,,me 
,,l ,,to ,,"o ,,m ,,ri* ,,9 ,,hope1     
,featur$ l him1 l him ) fri5ds possess$1
     ,desir+ ?is man's art1 & t man's   
scope1        ,) :at ,i mo/ enjoy1      
cont5t$ lea/2     ,yet 9 ^! ?\ghts1     
,,myself ,,almo/ ,,despis+1             
,haply ,i ?9k on !e1 c4--,,sonnet       
,,xxix4      ,s ,i1 ,,made ,,lame by    
sorr['s de>e/ spite1 c4--,,sonnet       
,,xxxvi  ,footnote #ahh3 ,& /r5g?1 by   

,,limp+ sway disabl$1 c4--,,sonnet      
,,lxvi4      ,speak ( ,,my ,,lam5ess1 & 
,i /raight w halt4--,,sonnet ,,lxxxix4  
,footnote #ahi3       ,alas6 'tis true1 
,i h gone "h & !re1        ,& ,,made    
,,myself ,a ,,motley ,,to ,,! ,,view1   
,gor$ m9e own ?\ghts1 sold *eap :at is  
mo/ de>1        ,made old (f5ces (      
affections new1 c4--,,sonnet ,,cx4      
,oh1 = my sake d y ) =tune *ide6        
,! guilty goddess ( my h>mful de$s1     
,t did n bett] = my life provide1       
,,?an ,,public ,,means1 ,,:i* ,,public  
,,mann]s ,,bre$2      ,!nce comes x t my
 "n receives a br&1        ,& almo/ !nce
 my nature is subdu$1      ,to :at x    
works 9 l ! dy]'s h&1 c4--,,sonnet      
,,cxi4  ,footnote #ahaj3       ,9 our   
two loves !re is b "o respect1          
,?\gh 9 our loves a sep>able spite1     
,:i* ?\gh x alt] n loves sole effect2   
,yet do? x /eal sweet h\rs f love's     
delight1      ,i may n ev]more ackn[l$ge
 !e1         ,le/ ,,my ,,bewail$ ,,guilt
 ,,%\ld ,,d ,,!e ,,%ame4--,,sonnet      

,,xxxvi4  ,footnote #ahaa3 ,x is relat$ 
( ,g>rick1 t :5 subpo5a$ on ,b>etti's   
trial1 & requir$ to give 8 evid5ce be=e 
! c\rt--?\gh he _h be5 accu/om$ = ?irty 
ye>s to act ) ! greate/ self-possession 
9 ! pres5ce ( ?\s&s--he became s p]plex$
 & confus$1 t he 0 actually s5t f !     
witness-box by ! judge1 z a man f :om no
 evid5ce c\ld be obta9$4  ,footnote     
#ahab3 ,mrs4 ,ma!ws' ',life &           
,correspond5ce ( ,*>les ,ma!ws1'        
#ah;,ed4 #ahfj3 p4 #bcb4  ,footnote     
#ahac3 ,ar*bi%op ,:ately's ',commonplace
 ,book4'  ,footnote #ahad3 ,em]son is   
said to h _h ,na?aniel ,haw?orne 9 8 m9d
 :5 writ+ ! foll[+ passage 9 8 ',society
 & ,solitude3'--,! mo/ agreeable        
complim5t y c\ld pay him 01 to imply t y
 _h n obs]v$ him 9 a h\se or a /reet :]e
 y _h met him4 ,:il/ he suff]$ at be+   
se5 :]e he 01 he consol$ himself ) !    
delici\s ?\ght ( ! inconceivable numb] (
 places :]e he 0 n4 ,all he wi%$ ( 8    
tailor 0 to provide t sob] mean ( col\r 
& cut :i* w\ld nev] deta9 ! eye = a     

mom5t4444 ,he _h a remorse1 runn+ to    
despair1 ( 8 social ,,gau*]ies1 & walk$ 
miles & miles to get ! twit*+s out ( 8  
face1 & ! />ts & %rugs out ( 8 arms &   
%\ld]s4 ',god may =give s9s1' he said1  
'b awkw>dness has no =giv5ess 9 heav5 or
 e>?4'  ,footnote #ahae3 ,9 a s]ies (   
clev] articles 9 ! ,,revue ,,des ,,deux 
,,mondes1 entitl$1 ',six mille ,lieues a
 t\te ,vapeur1' giv+ a description ( 8  
travels 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 ,maurice ,s&   
ke5ly obs]v$ ! comp>atively anti-social 
proclivities ( ! ,am]ican comp>$ ) !    
,fr5*man4 ,! "o1 he says1 is inspir$ by 
! _s ( individuality1 ! o!r by ! _s (   
society4 ,9 ,am]ica he sees ! individual
 absorb+ society2 z 9 ,france he sees   
society absorb+ ! individual4 ,ce peuple
 ,anglo-,saxon1 he says1 qui tr\vait    
devant lui la t]re1 l'in/rum5t de       
travail1 s9on inepuisable1 du mons      
inepuise1 s'e/ mis a l'exploit] s\s     
l'inspiration de l'egoisme2 et n\s      
autres ,francais1 n\s n'avons ri5 su en 
faire1 p>ceque ,,n\s ,,ne ,,p\vons ,,ri5

 ,,dans ,l',,isolem5t4444 ,l',am]ica9   
supporte la solitude avec un /oicisme   
admirable1 mais effrayant2 il ne l'aime 
pas1 il ne songe qu'a la detruire4444   
,le ,francais e/ t\t autre4 ,il aime son
 p>5t1 son ami1 son compagnon1 et       
jusqu'a son vois9 d'omnibus ou de !atre1
 si sa figure lui e/ sympa!tique4       
,p\rquoi8 ,p>ce qu'il le reg>de et *]*e 
son ame1 p>ce qu'il vit dans son        
semblable autant qu'en lui-meme4 ,qu& il
 e/ longtemps seul1 il dep]it1 et qu& il
 e/ t\j\rs seul1 x meurt4  ,all ?is is  
p]fectly true1 & x expla9s :y !         
comp>atively unsociable ,g]mans1        
,engli%1 & ,am]icans1 are spread+ ov] ! 
e>?1 :ile ! int5sely sociable ,fr5*m51  
unable to enjoy life )\t ea* o!r's      
society1 pref] to /ay at home1 & ,france
 fails to ext5d itself beyond ,france4  
,footnote #ahaf3 ,! ,iri% h1 9 _m       
respects1 ! same /rong social in/9cts z 
! ,fr5*4 ,9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates !y clu/]    
naturally 9 ! t[ns1 :]e !y h _! ,iri%   
,qu>t]s1 z 9 ,engl&4 ,!y are ev5 m ,iri%

 !re ?an at home1 & c no m =get t !y are
 ,iri%m5 ?an ! ,fr5* c t !y are ,fr5*m54
 ,i delib]ately ass]t1 says ,mr4        
,maguire1 9 8 rec5t "w on ',! ,iri% 9   
,am]ica1' t x is n )9 ! p[] ( language  
to describe adequately1 mu* less to     
exagg]ate1 ! evils consequ5t on !       
unhappy t5d5cy ( ! ,iri% to congregate 9
 ! l>ge t[ns ( ,am]ica4 ,x is ?is int5se
 socialism ( ! ,iri% t keeps !m 9 a     
comp>atively h&-to-m\? condition 9 all !
 ,/ates ( ! ,union4  ,footnote #ahag3   
',! ,/atesman1' p4 #ce4  ,footnote      
#ahah3 ,na?aniel ,haw?orne1 9 8 ',fir/  
,impressions ( ,france & ,italy1' says 8
 op9ion ( ! uncleanly "* ( ! mod]n      
,romans is s unfav\rable t he h>dly kn[s
 h[ to express x ,b ! fact is t ?r\gh ! 
,=um1 & ev]y:]e out ( ! commone/        
foot-track & roadway1 y mu/ look well to
 y\r /eps4444 ,p]haps !re is some?+ 9 ! 
m9ds ( ! p ( ^! c\ntries t enables !m to
 dissev] small ugl9ess f great sublimity
 & beauty4 ,!y spit ^u ! glori\s pavem5t
 ( ,/4 ,pet]'s1 & :]ev] else !y l2 !y   

place paltry-look+ wood5 confessionals  
b5ea? its sublime ar*es1 & ornam5t !m ) 
*eap little col\r$ pr9ts ( !            
,crucifixion2 !y hang t9 he>ts1 & o!r   
t9sel & trump]y1 at ! gorge\s %r9es ( ! 
sa9ts1 9 *apels t are encru/$ ) gems1 or
 m>bles almo/ z preci\s2 !y put pa/ebo>d
 /atues ( sa9ts b5ea? ! dome ( !        
,pan!on2--9 %ort1 !y let ! sublime & !  
ridicul\s come close toge!r1 & are n 9 !
 lea/ tr\bl$ by ! proximity4  ,footnote 
#ahai3 ,edw9 ,*adwick's ',address to !  
,economic ,sci5ce & ,/ati/ic ,section1' 
,briti% ,association #ah,meet+1 #ahfb4  
,footnote #aia3 ',kaye's ',lives (      
,indian ,(fic]s4'  ,footnote #aib3      
,em]son1 9 8 ',society & ,solitude1'    
says ,9 contempor>ies1 x is n s easy to 
di/+ui% betwe5 notoriety & fame4 ,be    
sure1 !n1 to read no mean books4 ,%un ! 
spawn ( ! press or ! gossip ( ! h\r4444 
,! ?ree practical rules ,i h to (f] are 
^!3--#a4 ,nev] read a book t is n a ye> 
old2 #b4 ,nev] read any b fam$ books2   
#c4 ,nev] read any b :at y l4 ,"l       

,lytton's maxim is3 ,9 sci5ce1 read by  
pref]5ce ! newe/ books2 9 lit]ature1 !  
olde/4  ,footnote #aic3 ,a fri5d ( ,sir 
,walt] ,scott1 :o _h ! same habit1 &    
prid$ himself on 8 p[]s ( conv]sation1  
"o day tri$ to draw out a fell[-pass5g] 
:o sat beside him on ! outside ( a coa*1
 b ) indiff]5t success4 ,at l5g? !      
conv]sationali/ desc5d$ to expo/ulation4
 ,i h talk$ to y1 my fri5d1 said he1 on 
all ! ord9>y subjects--lit]ature1 f>m+1 
m]*&ise1 gam+1 game-laws1 horse-races1  
suits at law1 politics1 & sw9dl+1 &     
blasphemy1 & philosophy3 is !re any "o  
subject t y w fav\r me by op5+ ^u8 ,!   
wight wri!d 8 c\nt5ance into a gr93     
,sir1 said he1 c y say any?+ clev] ab\t 
,,b5d-,,lea!r8 ,z might be expect$1 !   
conv]sationali/ 0 completely nonpluss$4 
,footnote #aid3 ,col]idge1 9 8 ',lay    
,s]mon1' po9ts out1 z a fact ( hi/ory1  
h[ l>ge a "p ( our pres5t k &           
civilization is ow+1 directly or        
indirectly1 to ! ,bible2 t ! ,bible has 
be5 ! ma9 lev] by :i* ! moral &         

intellectual "* ( ,europe has be5 rais$ 
to its pres5t comp>ative height2 & he   
specifies ! m>k$ & prom95t diff]5ce (   
?is book f ! works :i* x is ! fa%ion to 
quote z guides & au?orities 9 morals1   
politics1 & hi/ory4 ,9 ! ,bible1 he     
says1 e ag5t appe>s & acts z a          
self-sub/itut+ individual3 ea* has a    
life ( its own1 & yet all are 9 life4 ,!
 elem5ts ( necessity & freewill are     
reconcil$ 9 ! high] p[] ( an omnipres5t 
,provid5ce1 t pr$e/9ates ! :ole 9 !     
moral fre$om ( ! integral p>ts4 ,( ?is !
 ,bible nev] suff]s u to lose sight4 ,! 
root is nev] deta*$ f ! gr\nd1 x is ,god
 ev]y:]e2 & all creatures con=m to ,8   
decrees--! righte\s by p]=mance ( ! law1
 ! disob$i5t by ! suff]ance ( ! p5alty4 
,footnote #aie3 ,montaigne's ,essay     
#ai;,book ,i4 *ap4 xxv4--',( !          
,education ( ,*ildr54'  ,footnote #aif3 
,tant il e/ vrai1 says ,voltaire1 que   
les hommes1 qui sont audessus des autres
 p> les tal5ts1 s'en ,,rappro*5t        
,,presque ,,t\j\rs ,,p> ,,les           

,,faiblesses2 c> p\rquoi les tal5ts n\s 
mettrai5t-ils audess\s de               
l'humanite4--,,vie ,,de ,,moli]e4       
,footnote #aig3 ',life1' #hvo ,ed41 p4  
#ajb4  ,footnote #aih3 ',autobiography (
 ,sir ,eg]ton ,brydges1 ,b>t41' vol4 i4 
p4 #ia4  ,footnote #aii3 ,x 0 want+ 9   
,plut>*1 9 ,s\!y #ai',life ( ,nelson'1 &
 9 ,=/] #ai',life ( ,goldsmi?'2 yet x   
mu/ be ackn[l$g$ t p]sonal k gives !    
pr9cipal *>m to ,tacitus's ',agricola1' 
,rop]'s ',life ( ,m1' ,johnson's ',lives
 ( ,savage & ,pope1' ,boswell's         
',johnson1' ,lockh>t's ',scott1'        
,c>lyle's ',/]l+1' & ,moore's ',byron1' 
,footnote #aiaj3 ,! ',dialogus          
,novitiorum de ,contemptu ,mundi4'      
,footnote #aiaa3 ,! ,life ( ,sir ,*>les 
,bell1 "o ( our greate/ physiologi/s1 0 
left to be writt5 by ,am$ee ,pi*ot1 a   
,fr5*man2 & ?\gh ,sir ,*>les ,bell's    
lett]s to 8 bro!r h s9ce be5 publi%$1 8 
,life /ill rema9s to be writt54 ,x may  
also be add$ t ! be/ ,life ( ,goe! has  
be5 writt5 by an ,engli%man1 & ! be/    

,life ( ,fr$]ick ! ,great by a          
,scot*man4  ,footnote #aiab3 ,x is n a  
little rem>kable t ! pi\s ,s*lei]ma*]   
%\ld h concurr$ 9 op9ion ) ,goe! z to ! 
m]its ( ,sp9oza1 ?\gh he 0 a man        
excommunicat$ by ! ,jews1 to :om he     
belong$1 & d5\nc$ by ! ,*ri/ians z a man
 little bett] ?an an a!i/4 ,! ,great ,_s
 ( ! _w1 says ,s*lei]ma*]1 9 8 ,,r$e    
,,ub] ,,die ,,religion1 p5etrat$ ! holy 
b repudiat$ ,sp9oza2 ! ,inf9ite 0 8     
beg9n+ & 8 end2 ! univ]se 8 only &      
et]nal love4 ,he 0 fill$ ) religion &   
religi\s feel+3 & !re=e is x t he /&s   
alone unapproa*able1 ! ma/] 9 8 art1 b  
elevat$ above ! pr(ane _w1 )\t adh]5ts1 
& )\t ev5 citiz5%ip4  ,c\s9 also says ( 
,sp9oza3--,! au?or :om ?is pret5d$ a!i/ 
mo/ resembles is ! unkn[n au?or ( ',!   
,imitation ( ,jesus ,*ri/4'  ,footnote  
#aiac3 ,preface to ,s\!ys ',life (      
,wesley' #aiahfd4  ,footnote #aiad3     
,napoleon also read ,milton c>efully1 & 
x has be5 relat$ ( him by ,sir ,col9    
,campbell1 :o resid$ ) ,napoleon at     

,elba1 t :5 speak+ ( ! ,battle (        
,au/]litz1 he said t a p>ticul>         
disposition ( 8 artill]y1 :i*1 9 its    
results1 _h a decisive effect 9 w9n+ !  
battle1 0 sugge/$ to 8 m9d by !         
recollection ( f\r l9es 9 ,milton4 ,!   
l9es occur 9 ! six? book1 & are         
descriptive ( ,satan's artifice dur+ !  
w> ) ,heav54                  ,9 holl[  
cube        ,tra9+ 8 devili% eng9'ry1   
impal'd        ,on e side ,,) ,,%ad[+   
,,squadrons ,,deep        ,,to ,,hide   
,,! ,,fraud4  ,! indubitable fact1 says 
,mr4 ,edw>ds1 9 8 book ',on ,libr>ies1' 
t ^! l9es h a c]ta9 apposit5ess to an   
important manoeuvre at ,au/]litz1 gives 
an indep5d5t int]e/ to ! /ory2 b x is   
highly imag9ative to ascribe ! victory  
to t manoeuvre4 ,& = ! o!r prelim9>ies (
 ! tale1 x is un=tunate t ,napoleon _h  
le>n$ a good deal ab\t w> long be=e he  
_h le>n$ any?+ ab\t ,milton4  ,footnote 
#aiae3 ',biographia ,lit]>ia1' *ap4 i4  
,footnote #aiaf3 ,sir ,john ,b[r+'s     
',memoirs ( ,b5?am1' p4 #aj4  ,footnote 

#aiag3 ,not)/&+ rec5t c5sures (         
classical /udies z a useless wa/e ( "t1 
!re c be no d\bt t !y give ! highe/ f9i%
 to intellectual culture4 ,! anci5t     
classics conta9 ! mo/ consummate models 
( lit]>y art2 & ! greate/ writ]s h be5  
_! mo/ dilig5t /ud5ts4 ,classical       
culture 0 ! in/rum5t ) :i* ,erasmus & ! 
,re=m]s purifi$ ,europe4 ,x di/+ui%$ !  
great patriots ( ! sev5te5? c5tury2 & x 
has ev] s9ce *>act]is$ our greate/      
/atesm54 ,i "k n h[ x is1 says an       
,engli% writ]1 b _! comm]ce ) ! anci5ts 
appe>s to me to produce1 9 ^? :o        
con/antly practise x1 a /eady+ & compos+
 effect ^u _! judgm5t1 n ( lit]>y works 
only1 b ( m5 & ev5ts 9 g5]al4 ,!y are l 
p]sons :o h _h a weighty & impressive   
exp]i5ce2 !y are m truly ?an o!rs "u !  
empire ( facts1 & m indep5d5t ( !       
language curr5t among ^? ) :om !y live4 
,footnote #aiah3 ,hazlitt's ,,table     
,,talk3 ',on ,?\ght & ,action4'         
,footnote #bja3 ,mungo ,p>k decl>$ t he 
0 m affect$ by ?is incid5t ?an by any   

o!r t befel him 9 ! c\rse ( 8 travels4  
,z he lay d[n to sleep on ! mat spread =
 him on ! floor ( ! hut1 8 b5efactress  
call$ to ! female "p ( ! family to      
resume _! task ( sp9n+ cotton1 9 :i* !y 
cont9u$ employ$ f> into ! night4 ,!y    
light5$ _! lab\r ) songs1 says !        
travell]1 "o ( :i* 0 compos$ extempore1 
= ,i 0 myself ! subject ( x2 x 0 sung by
 "o ( ! "y wom51 ! re/ jo9+ 9 a *orus4  
,! air 0 sweet & pla9tive1 & ! words1   
lit]ally translat$1 7 ^!3 ',! w9ds ro>$1
 & ! ra9s fell4 ,! poor :ite man1 fa9t &
 we>y1 came & sat "u our tree4 ,he has  
no "m to br+ him milk1 no wife to gr9d 8
 corn4' ,*orus--',let u pity ! :ite man1
 no "m has he6' ,trifl+ z ?is recital   
may appe>1 to a p]son 9 my situation !  
circum/ance 0 affect+ 9 ! highe/ degree4
 ,i 0 s oppress$ by su* unexpect$       
k9dness1 t sleep fl$ be=e my eyes4      
,footnote #bjb3 ',trans=mation1 or      
,monte ,b5i4'  ,footnote #bjc3          
',portraits ,contempora9s1' iii4 #eai4  
,footnote #bjd3 ,mr4 ,ar?ur ,helps1 9 "o

 ( 8 ,essays1 has wisely said3 ,y obs]ve
 a man becom+ day by day ri*]1 or       
advanc+ 9 /ation1 or increas+ 9         
pr(essional reputation1 & y set him d[n 
z a successful man 9 life4 ,b if 8 home 
is an ill-regulat$ "o1 :]e no l9ks (    
affection ext5d ?r\gh\t ! family--^: =m]
 dome/ics #bj;& he has _h m ( !m ?an he 
c well rememb] look back ^u _! soj\rn ) 
him z "o unbless$ by k9d words or       
de$s--,i cont5d t t man has n be5       
successful4 ,:atev] good =tune he may h 
9 ! _w1 x is to be rememb]$ t he has    
always left "o important =tress untak5  
beh9d him4 ,t man's life does n surely  
read well ^: b5evol5ce has f\nd no      
c5tral home4 ,x may h s5t =? rays 9     
v>i\s directions1 b !re %\ld h be5 a w>m
 focus ( love--t home-ne/ :i* is =m$    
r\nd a good mans he>t4--,,claims ,,(    
,,lab\r4  ,footnote #bje3 ,! r$ he>t    
s5ds all its in/9cts up to ! :ite bra91 
to be analys$1 *ill$1 blan*$1 & s become
 pure reason--:i* is j exactly :at we d 
,,n want ( wom5 z wom54 ,! curr5t %\ld  

run ! o!r way4 ,! nice1 calm1 cold      
?\ght1 :i*1 9 wom51 %apes itself s      
rapidly t !y h>dly "k x z ?\ght1 %\ld   
always travel to ! lips ,,via ! he>t4 ,x
 does s 9 ^? wom5 :om all love &        
admire4444 ,! bra9-wom5 nev] int]e/ u l 
! he>t-wom52 :ite roses please less ?an 
r$4--,,! ,,pr(essor ,,at ,,! ,,breakfa/ 
,,table1 by ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes4     
,footnote #bjf3 ',! ,w> & ,g5]al        
,culture1' #ahga4  ,footnote #bjg3      
,dep5d ^u x1 m5 set m value on !        
cultivat$ m9ds ?an on ! accompli%m5ts ( 
wom51 :i* !y are r>ely able to          
appreciate4 ,x is a common error1 b x is
 an error1 t lit]ature unfits wom5 = !  
ev]yday bus9ess ( life4 ,x is n s ) m54 
,y see ^? ( ! mo/ cultivat$ m9ds        
con/antly devot+ _! "t & att5tion to !  
mo/ homely objects4 ,lit]ature gives    
wom5 a real & prop] weight 9 society1 b 
!n !y mu/ use x ) discretion4--,,!      
,,rev4 ,,sydney ,,smi?4  ,footnote #bjh3
 ',! ,/atesman1' pp4 #gc-ge4  ,footnote 
#bji3 ,full]1 ! ,*ur* hi/orian1 ) 8     

usual homely "m-wit1 speak+ ( ! *oice ( 
a wife1 said briefly1 ,take ! daught] ( 
a good "m4  ,footnote #bjaj3 ,%e 0 an   
,engli%woman--a ,miss ,motley4 ,x maybe 
m5tion$ t among/ o!r di/+ui%$ ,fr5*m5 :o
 h m>ri$ ,engli% wives1 7 ,sismondi1    
,alfr$ de ,vigny1 & ,lam>t9e4  ,footnote
 #bjaa3 ,plus je r\le dans ce monde1 et 
plus je suis am5e a p5s] qu'il n'y a que
 le bonheur dome/ique qui signifie      
quelque *ose4--,,oeuvres ,,et           
,,correspond5ce4  ,footnote #bjab3 ,de  
,tocqueville's ',memoir & ,rema9s1' vol4
 i4 p4 #djh4  ,footnote #bjac3 ,de      
,tocqueville's ',memoir & ,rema9s1' vol4
 ii4 p4 #dh4  ,footnote #bjad3 ,colonel 
,hut*9son 0 an uncompromis+ republican1 
?or\ghly brave1 highm9d$1 & pi\s4 ,at ! 
,re/oration1 he 0 dis*>g$ f ,p>liam5t1 &
 f all (fices ( /ate = ev]4 ,he retir$  
to 8 e/ate at ,ow?orp1 ne> ,nott+ham1 b 
0 %ortly aft] arre/$ & imprison$ 9 !    
,t[]4 ,f !nce he 0 remov$ to ,s&[n      
,ca/le1 ne> ,deal1 :]e he lay = elev5   
mon?s1 & di$ on ,septemb] #aa?1 #affd4  

,! wife petition$ = leave to %>e 8      
prison1 b 0 refus$4 ,:5 he felt himself 
dy+1 kn[+ ! deep sorr[ :i* 8 dea? w\ld  
occasion to 8 wife1 he left ?is message1
 :i* 0 convey$ to h]3 ,let h]1 z %e is  
above o!r wom51 %[ h]self on ?is        
occasion a good ,*ri/ian1 & above ! pit*
 ( ord9>y wom54 ,h5ce ! wife's allusion 
to h] husb&'s comm& 9 ! above passage4  
,footnote #bjae3 ,mrs4 ,lucy ,hut*9son  
to h] *ildr5 conc]n+ _! fa!r3 ',memoirs 
( ! ,life ( ,col4 ,hut*9son' #bj;,bohn's
 ,ed41 pp4 #bi-cj4  ,footnote #bjaf3 ,on
 ! ,decl>ation ( ,am]ican ,indep5d5ce1 !
 fir/ ,john ,adams1 aft]w>ds ,presid5t (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b\ght a copy ( !      
',life & ,lett]s ( ,lady ,russell1' &   
pres5t$ x to 8 wife1 ) an express int5t 
& desire #bj;z /at$ by himself1 t %e    
%\ld consid] x a mirror 9 :i* to        
contemplate h]self2 =1 at t "t1 ,i ?\ght
 x extremely probable1 f ! d>+ & dang]\s
 c>e] ,i 0 det]m9$ to run1 t %e w\ld "o 
day f9d h]self 9 ! situation ( ,lady    
,russell1 h] husb& )\t a head3 ,speak+ (

 8 wife 9 connection ) ! fact1 ,mr4     
,adams add$3 ,l ,lady ,russell1 %e nev]1
 by ^w or look1 disc\rag$ me f runn+ all
 haz>ds = ! salvation ( my c\ntry's     
lib]ties4 ,%e 0 will+ to %>e ) me1 & t  
h] *ildr5 %\ld %>e ) u bo?1 9 all !     
dang]\s consequ5ces we _h to haz>d4     
,footnote #bjag3 ',memoirs ( ! ,life (  
,sir ,samuel ,romily1' vol4 i4 p4 #da4  
,footnote #bjah3 ,x is a s+ul>          
circum/ance t 9 ! p>i% *ur* ( ,/4       
,bride1 ,fleet ,/reet1 !re is a tablet  
on ! wall ) an inscription to ! memory (
 ,isaac ,romilly1 ,f4,r4,s41 :o di$ 9   
#agei1 ( a brok5 he>t1 sev5 days aft] ! 
decease ( a belov$ wife--,,*amb]s'      
,,book ,,( ,,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #eci4    
,footnote #bjai3 ,mr4 ,frank ,buckl&    
says ,dur+ ! long p]iod t ,dr4 ,buckl& 0
 engag$ 9 writ+ ! book :i* ,i n[ h !    
hon\r ( edit+1 my "m sat up night aft]  
night1 = weeks & mon?s consecutively1   
writ+ to my fa!r's dictation2 & ?is (t5 
till ! sun's rays1 %9+ ?r\gh ! %utt]s at
 e>ly morn1 w>n$ ! husb& to cease f     

?9k+1 & ! wife to re/ h] we>y h&4 ,n    
only ) h] p5 did %e r5d] mat]ial        
assi/ance1 b h] natural tal5t 9 ! use ( 
h] p5cil enabl$ h] to give accurate     
illu/rations & f9i%$ draw+s1 _m ( :i*   
are p]petuat$ 9 ,dr4 ,buckl&'s works4   
,%e 0 also p>ticul>ly clev] & neat 9    
m5d+ brok5 fossils2 & !re are _m        
specim5s 9 ! ,ox=d ,museum1 n[ exhibit+ 
_! natural =ms & beauty1 :i* 7 re/or$ by
 h] p]sev]ance to %ape f a mass ( brok5 
& almo/ comm9ut$ fragm5ts4  ,footnote   
#bjbj3 ,veit*'s ',memoirs ( ,sir        
,william ,hamilton4'  ,footnote #bjba3  
,! foll[+ extract f ,mr4 ,veit*'s       
biography w give "o an idea ( !         
extraord9>y lab\rs ( ,lady ,hamilton1 to
 ^: unfail+ devotion to ! s]vice ( h]   
husb& ! _w ( intellect has be5 s mu*    
indebt$3 ,! numb] ( pages 9 h] h&writ+1 
says ,mr4 ,veit*1--fill$ ) ab/ruse      
metaphysical matt]1 orig9al & quot$1    
bri/l+ ) proportional & syllogi/ic      
=mulae--t are /ill pres]v$1 is p]fectly 
m>vell\s4 ,ev]y?+ t 0 s5t to ! press1 & 

all ! c\rses ( lectures1 7 writt5 by h]1
 ei!r to dictation1 or f a copy4 ,?is "w
 %e did 9 ! true/ _s ( love & devotion4 
,%e _h a p[]1 moreov]1 ( keep+ h] husb& 
up to :at he _h to d4 ,%e cont5d$ wisely
 aga9/ a sort ( en]getic indol5ce :i*   
*>act]is$ him1 & :i*1 :ile he 0 always  
lab\r+1 made him apt to put aside ! task
 actually be=e him--sometimes div]t$ by 
subjects ( inquiry sugge/$ 9 ! c\rse (  
/udy on ! matt] 9 h&1 sometimes         
disc\rag$ by ! difficulty ( r$uc+ to    
ord] ! imm5se mass ( mat]ials he _h     
accumulat$ 9 connection ) x4 ,!n h]     
resolution & *e]ful disposition su/a9$ &
 refre%$ him1 & nev] m s ?an :51 dur+ ! 
la/ twelve ye>s ( 8 life1 8 bodily /r5g?
 0 brok51 & 8 _s1 ?\gh languid1 yet     
ceas$ n f m5tal toil4 ,! tru? is1 t ,sir
 ,william's m>riage1 8 comp>atively     
limit$ circum/ances1 & ! "* ( 8 wife1   
suppli$ to a nature t w\ld h be5 cont5t$
 to sp5d its mighty en]gies 9 "w t      
br\ght no rew>d b 9 ! do+ ( x1 & t might
 nev] h be5 made publicly kn[n or       

available1 ! practical =ce & impulse :i*
 enabl$ him to accompli% :at he actually
 did 9 lit]ature & philosophy4 ,x 0 ?is 
influ5ce1 )\t d\bt1 :i* sav$ him f utt] 
absorption 9 8 _w ( r>e1 noble1 &       
elevat$1 b ev]-increas+ly unatta9able   
ideas4 ,b = x1 ! s]5e sea ( ab/ract     
?\ght might h held him becalm$ = life2 &
 9 ! abs5ce ( all utt]ance ( def9ite k (
 8 conclusions1 ! _w might h be5 left to
 an ignorant & my/]i\s wond] ab\t !     
unpr(itable s*ol>4  ,footnote #baa3     
',calcutta ,review1' article on         
',romance & ,reality ( ,indian ,life4'  
,footnote #bab3 ,joseph ,lanca/] 0 only 
tw5ty ye>s ( age :5 #ba;9 #agih3 he op5$
 8 fir/ s*ool 9 a sp>e room 9 8 fa!r's  
h\se1 :i* 0 soon fill$ ) ! de/itute     
*ildr5 ( ! neighb\rhood4 ,! room 0      
%ortly f\nd too small = ! numb]s seek+  
admission1 & "o place aft] ano!r 0 hir$1
 until at l5g? ,lanca/] _h a special    
build+ erect$1 capable ( accommodat+ a  
?\s& pupils2 outside ( :i* 0 plac$ !    
foll[+ notice3--,all t w1 may s5d _!    

*ildr5 "h1 & h !m educat$ freely2 & ^? t
 d n wi% to h education = no?+1 may pay 
= x if !y please4 ,?us ,joseph ,lanca/] 
0 ! precursor ( our pres5t sy/em (      
,national ,education4  ,footnote #bac3  
,a great musician once said ( a promis+ 
b passionless cantatrice--,%e s+s well1 
b %e wants some?+1 & 9 t some?+ ev]y?+4 
,if ,i 7 s+le1 ,i w\ld c\rt h]2 ,i w\ld 
m>ry h]2 ,i w\ld maltreat h]2 ,i w\ld   
break h] he>t2 & 9 six mon?s %e w\ld be 
! greate/ s+] 9 ,europe6--,,blackwood',s
 ,,magaz9e4  ,footnote #bad3 ,prescot's 
',essays1' art4 ,c]vantes4  ,footnote   
#bae3 ,a cavali]1 nam$ ,ruy de ,cam]a1  
hav+ call$ ^u ,camo5s to furni% a       
poetical v]sion ( ! sev5 p5it5tial      
psalms1 ! poet1 rais+ 8 head f 8        
mis]able pallet1 & po9t+ to 8 fai?ful   
slave1 exclaim$3 ,alas6 :5 ,i 0 a poet1 
,i 0 "y1 & happy1 & ble/ ) ! love (     
ladies2 b n[1 ,i am a =lorn des]t$      
wret*6 ,see--!re /&s my poor ,antonio1  
va9ly supplicat+ ,,f\rp5ce to pur*ase a 
little coals4 ,i h n !m to give him6 ,! 

cavali]1 ,s\sa qua9tly relates1 9 8     
',life ( ,camo5s1' clos$ 8 he>t & 8     
purse1 & quitt$ ! room4 ,su* 7 ! gr&ees 
( ,portugal6--,"l ,/rang=d's ,,rem>ks   
,,on ,,! ,,life ,,& ,,writ+s ,,(        
,,camo5s1 #ahbd4  ,footnote #baf3 ,see  
*apt] v4 p4 #abe4  ,footnote #bag3 ,a   
,quak] call$ on ,bunyan "o day ) a      
message f ! ,"l1 say+ he _h be5 to half 
! gaols ( ,engl&1 & 0 glad at la/ to h  
f\nd him4 ,to :i* ,bunyan repli$3 ,if ! 
,"l s5t !e1 y w\ld n h ne$$ to take s   
mu* tr\ble to f9d me out1 = ,he knew t  
,i h be5 9 ,b$=d ,gaol ^! sev5 ye>s pa/4
  ,footnote #bah3 ,prynne1 besides /&+ 9
 ! pillory & hav+ 8 e>s cut (f1 0       
imprison$ by turns 9 ! ,t[]1 ,mont      
,orgueil #ba;,j]sey1 ,dun/] ,ca/le1     
,taunton ,ca/le1 & ,p5d5nis ,ca/le4 ,he 
aft]-w>ds plead$ zeal\sly = !           
,re/oration1 & 0 made ,keep] ( !        
,records by ,*>les ,,ii4 ,x has be5     
comput$ t ,prynne wrote1 compil$1 &     
pr9t$ ab\t eight qu>to pages = e        
work+-day ( 8 life1 f 8 rea*+ man's     

e/ate to ! day ( 8 dea?4 ,?\gh 8 books 7
 = ! mo/ "p appropriat$ by ! trunkmak]s1
 !y n[ comm& almo/ fabul\s prices1      
*iefly because ( _! r>ity4  ,footnote   
#bai3 ,he also project$ 8 ',review' 9   
prison--! fir/ p]iodical ( ! k9d1 :i*   
po9t$ ! way to ! ho/ ( ',tatl]s1'       
',gu>dians1' & ',spectators1' :i* foll[$
 x4 ,! ',review' consi/$ ( #ajb numb]s1 
=m+ n9e qu>to volumes1 all ( :i* 7      
writt5 by ,de ,foe himself1 :ile engag$ 
9 o!r & v>i\s lab\rs4  ,footnote #baaj3 
,a passage 9 ! ,e>l ( ,c>lisles ,lecture
 on ,pope--',heav5 0 made = ^? :o h     
fail$ 9 ?is _w'--/ruck me v =cibly      
sev]al ye>s ago :5 ,i read x 9 a        
newspap]1 & became a ri* ve9 ( ?\ght1 9 
:i* ,i (t5 qu>ri$1 especially :5 !      
s5t5ce 0 int]pret$ by ! ,cross1 :i* 0   
failure app>5tly4--,,life ,,& ,,lett]s  
,,( ,,rob]tson #ba( ,brighton1 ii4 #id4 
,footnote #baaa3        ,n all :o seem  
to fail1 h fail$ inde$2       ,n all :o 
fail h !re=e work$ 9 va93       ,= all  
our acts to _m issues lead2       ,& out

 ( e>ne/ purpose1 pure & pla91          
,en=c$ by hone/ toil ( h& or bra91      
,! ,"l w fa%ion1 9 ,8 own good "t1      
#ba;,be ?is ! lab\r]'s pr\dly-humble    
cre$1       ,su* ends z1 to ,8 wisdom1  
fitlie/ *ime       ,) ,8 va/ love's     
et]nal h>monies4       ,!re is no       
failure = ! good & wise3       ,:at ?\gh
 ?y se$ %\ld fall by ! wayside       ,& 
! birds snat* x2--yet ! birds are f$2   
,or !y may be> x f> across ! tide1      
,to give ri* h>ve/s aft] ?\ art dead4   
,,politics ,,= ,,! ,,p1 #ahdh4          
,footnote #baab3 ,:at is x1 says ,mr4   
,helps1 t promotes ! mo/ & ! deepe/     
?\ght 9 ! human race8 ,x is n le>n+2 x  
is n ! conduct ( bus9ess2 x is n ev5 !  
impulse ( ! affections4 ,x is suff]+2 & 
t1 p]haps1 is ! reason :y !re is s mu*  
suff]+ 9 ! _w4 ,! angel :o w5t d[n to   
tr\ble ! wat]s & to make !m heal+1 0 n1 
p]haps1 entru/$ ) s great a boon z !    
angel :o b5evol5tly inflict$ ^u !       
suff]]s ! disease f :i* !y              
suff]$4--,,brevia4  ,footnote #baac3 ,^!

 l9es 7 writt5 by ,deck>1 9 a _s (      
boldness equal to its piety4 ,hazlitt   
has or said ( !m1 t !y ought to embalm 8
 memory to e "o :o has a s5se ei!r (    
religion1 or philosophy1 or humanity1 or
 true g5ius4  ,footnote #baad3 ,reb\l1  
orig9ally a bak] ( ,nismes1 0 ! au?or ( 
_m beautiful poems--among/ o!rs1 ( !    
exquisite piece kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry by its
 ,engli% translation1 entitl$ ',! ,angel
 & ! ,*ild4'  ,footnote #baae3          
',cornhill ,magaz9e1' vol4 xvi4 p4 #cbb4
  ,footnote #baaf3 ',holy ,liv+ & ,dy+1'
 *4 ii4 sect4 #f4  ,footnote #baag3     
,ibid41 *4 iii4 sect4 #f4  ,footnote    
#baah3 ,gibbon's ',decl9e & ,fall ( !   
,roman ,empire1' vol4 x4 p4 #dj4