,hi/orical ,lit]ature 9 ,agriculture 7,,*la71 ,cornell ,univ]sity7 ,,mu%rooms3 ,h[ to ,gr[ ,!m4 ,a ,,practical ,,treatise ,,on ,mu%room ,culture = ,pr(it & ,pleasure4 ,,by ,,william ,,falcon]4 ,,illu/rat$4 ,,new ,,york1 ,,orange ,,judd ,,co4 #ahib4 ,ent]$1 accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #ahia1 by ! ,,orange ,,judd ,,company1 ,9 ! ,(fice ( ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress1 at ,wa%+ton4 ,,preface ,mu%rooms & _! ext5sive & pr(itable culture %\ld conc]n e "o4 ,= home consumption !y are a heal?ful & grateful food1 & = m>ket1 :5 successfully gr[n1 !y become a mo/ pr(itable crop4 ,we c h 9 ,am]ica ! be/ m>ket 9 ! _w = fre% mu%rooms2 ! dem& = !m is increas+1 & ! supply has always be5 inadequate4 ,! price = !m "h is m ?an d\ble t paid 9 any o!r c\ntry1 & we h no fe> ( =eign competition1 = all attempts1 s f>1 to import fre% mu%rooms f ,europe h be5 unsuccessful4 ,9 ! mo/ prosp]\s & progressive ( all c\ntries1 ) a population ( ne>ly sev5ty millions ( p al]t to e pr(itable1 legitimate bus9ess1 mu%room-gr[+1 "o ( ! simple/ & mo/ remun]ative ( indu/ries1 is almo/ unkn[n4 ,! m>ket gr[] already engag$ 9 gr[+ mu%rooms appreciates 8 situation & zeal\sly gu>ds 8 me?ods ( cultivation f ! public4 ,?is only incites int]e/ & inquisitiv5ess1 & ! p are becom+ alive to ! fact t !re is money 9 mu%rooms & an e>ne/ dem& has be5 creat$ = in=mation ab\t gr[+ !m4 ,! rais+ ( mu%rooms is )9 ! rea* ( ne>ly e "o4 ,good mat]ials to "w ) & c>eful att5tion to all practical details %\ld give good returns4 ,! indu/ry is "o 9 :i* wom5 & *ildr5 c take "p z well z m54 ,x furni%es indoor employm5t 9 w9t]1 & !re is v little h>d labor atta*$ to x1 :ile x c be made subsidi>y to almo/ any o!r bus9ess1 & ev5 a recreation z well z a s\rce ( pr(it4 ,9 ?is book ! endeavor has be51 ev5 at ! risk ( repetition1 to make ! be/ me?ods z pla9 z possible4 ,! facts h]e9 pres5t$ are ! results ( my own practical exp]i5ce & obs]vation1 toge!r ) ^? obta9$ by ext5sive read+1 travel & correspond5ce4 ,to ,mr4 ,*>les ,a4 ,dana1 ! proprietor ( ! ,dosoris mu%room cell>s & e/ate1 ,i am greatly indebt$ = opportunities to prep>e ?is book4 ,= ! pa/ eight ye>s ev]y?+ has be5 un/9t$ly plac$ at my disposal by him to gr[ mu%rooms 9 e way ,i wi%$1 & to exp]im5t to my he>t's cont5t4 ,to ,mr4 ,william ,rob9son1 editor ( ,! ,g>d51 ,london1 ,i am especially indebt$ = _m c\rtesies--p]mission to quote f ,! ,g>d51 ,p>ks & ,g>d5s ( ,p>is1 & 8 o!r works1 & to illu/rate ! *apt]s 9 ?is book on ,mu%room-gr[+ 9 ! ,london m>ket g>d5s & ! ,p>is caves1 ) ! orig9al beautiful plates f 8 own books4 ,! recipes giv5 9 ! *apt] on ,cook+ ,mu%rooms1 except ^? prep>$ = ?is "w by ,mrs4 ,amm]sley1 al?\gh bas$ on ! ones giv5 by ,mr4 ,rob9son1 h be5 consid]ably modifi$ by me & repeat$ly us$ 9 my own family4 ,my ?anks are also due to ,mr4 ,john ,f4 ,b>t]1 ( ,london1 ! l>ge/ gr[] ( mu%rooms 9 ,engl&1 = in=mation giv5 me reg>d+ 8 sy/em ( cultivation2 to ,mr4 ,john ,g4 ,g>dn]1 ( ,job/[n1 ,n4 ,j41 "o ( ! mo/ not$ gr[]s = m>ket 9 ?is c\ntry1 = facilities all[$ me to exam9e 8 me?od ( rais+ mu%rooms2 & to ,messrs4 ,a4 ,h4 ,)+ton1 ,samuel ,h5%aw1 ,george ,grant1 ,john ,cull51 & o!r successful gr[]s = assi/ance k9dly r5d]$4 ,,william ,,falcon]4 ,,dosoris1 ,l4 ,i41 #ahia4 ,,table ,,( ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,i4--,,^? ,,:o ,,%\ld ,,gr[ ,,mu%rooms #i ,m>ket ,g>d5]s-- ,flori/s-- ,private ,g>d5]s-- ,village ,p & ,suburban ,resid5ts-- ,f>m]s4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4--,,gr[+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,cell>s #ae ,und]gr\nd ,cell>s-- ,9 ,dwell+ ,h\se-- ,mr4 ,g>dn]'s ,me?od-- ,mr4 ,d5ton's ,me?od-- ,mr4 ,van ,sicl5's ,me?od-- ,! ,dosoris ,mu%room ,cell>4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4--,,gr[+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,mu%room ,,h\ses #cd ,build+ ! ,h\se-- ,mrs4 ,osborne's ,mu%room ,h\se-- ,int]ior ,arrangem5t ( ,mu%room ,h\ses-- ,mr4 ,samuel ,h5%aw's ,mu%room ,h\se4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4--,,gr[+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,%$s #ci ,! ,temp]ature ( ,int]ior ( ! ,b$-- ,%elf ,b$s-- ,! ,use ( ! ,t]m ,%$4 ,,*apt] ,v4--,,gr[+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,gre5h\ses #da ,cool ,gre5h\ses-- ,on ,gre5h\se ,b5*es-- ,9 ,frames 9 ! ,gre5h\ses-- ,or*>d ,h\ses-- ,"u ,gre5h\se ,b5*es-- ,among ,o!r ,plants on ,gre5h\se ,b5*es-- ,gr[+ ,mu%rooms 9 ,rose ,h\ses-- ,drip f ! ,b5*es-- ,ammonia ,aris+4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4--,,gr[+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,! ,,fields #ed ,mu%rooms (t5 appe> ,spontane\sly-- ,wild ,mu%rooms-- ,mr4 ,h5%aw's ,plan-- ,brick ,spawn 9 ,pa/ures4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4--,,manure ,,= ,,mu%room ,,b$s #eg ,horse ,manure-- ,fre%] ! ,bett]-- ,manure ( ,mules-- ,cell> ,manure-- ,city ,/able ,manure-- ,bal$ ,manure-- ,c[ ,manure-- ,g]man ,peat ,moss ,/able ,manure = ,mu%room ,b$s-- ,sawdu/ ,/able ,manure = ,mu%room ,b$s-- ,tree ,leaves-- ,sp5t ,hops4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4--,,prep>ation ,,( ,,! ,,manure #fi ,prep>+ out ( ,doors-- ,w>m ,sun%9e-- ,fire-fang-- ,gu>d ,aga9/ ,ov] ,moi/5+-- ,! ,prop] ,condition ( ! ,manure-- ,loam & ,manure ,mix$4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4--,,mak+ ,,up ,,! ,,mu%room ,,b$s #gd ,! ,?ickness ( ! ,b$s-- ,%ape ( ! ,b$s-- ,bottom-heat ,!rmomet]s-- ,! ,prop] ,temp]ature-- ,too ,high ,temp]ature-- ,keep ! ,h\se at #ee4 ,,*apt] ,x4--,,mu%room ,,spawn #gh ,:at is ,mu%room ,spawn8-- ,! ,mu%room ,plant-- ,spawn ,obta9$ at any ,se$ ,/ore-- ,import$ f ,europe-- ,! ,great ,mu%room-gr[+ ,c5t] ( ! ,c\ntry-- ,engli% ,spawn-- ,mill-track ,mu%room ,spawn-- ,flake or ,fr5* ,spawn-- ,virg9 ,spawn-- ,h[ to ,keep ,spawn-- ,new ,v]sus ,old ,spawn-- ,h[ to ,di/+ui% ,good f ,poor ,spawn-- ,am]ican-made ,spawn-- ,h[ to make ,brick ,spawn-- ,h[ to make ,fr5* 7flake7 ,spawn-- ,mak+ ,fr5* ,virg9 ,spawn-- ,a ,second ,me?od-- ,?ird ,me?od-- ,relative ,m]its ( ,flake & ,brick ,spawn4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4--,,spawn+ ,,! ,,b$s #if ,prep>+ ! ,spawn-- ,/eep$ ,spawn-- ,flake ,spawn-- ,transplant+ ,work+ ,spawn4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4--,,loam ,,= ,,! ,,b$s #ajj ,cavities 9 ! ,surface ( ,b$s-- ,! ,be/ ,k9d ( ,loam-- ,common ,loam-- ,ord9>y ,g>d5 ,soil-- ,roadside ,dirt-- ,s&y ,soil-- ,peat ,soil or ,swamp ,muck-- ,heavy1 ,clayey ,loam-- ,loam ,conta9+ ,old ,manure4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4--,,e>?+ ,,ov] ,,! ,,b$s #ajc ,loam is ,indisp5sable-- ,! ,be/ ,soil-- ,prop] ,"t to ,case ,b$s-- ,ins]t+ ! ,spawn-- ,sift+ ! ,soil-- ,firm+ ! ,soil-- ,gre5 ,sods4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4--,,topdress+ ,,) ,,loam #ajg ,b$s t are 9 ,full ,be>+-- ,fill+ up ! ,holes-- ,firm+ ! ,dress+ to ! ,b$-- ,b$s 9 :i* ,black ,spot has ,appe>$4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4--,,! ,,prop] ,,temp]ature #aji ,cov]+ ! ,b$s ) ,hay-- ,a ,high ,temp]ature-- ,9 a ,temp]ature ( #ej-- ,9 a ,temp]ature ( #ee-- ,box+ ,ov] ! ,b$4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4--,,wat]+ ,,mu%room ,,b$s #aaa ,artificially ,heat$ ,mu%room ,h\ses-- ,spr9kl+ ,wat] ov] ,mul*+-- ,wat]+ ,pots-- ,manure ,wat]-- ,prep>+ ,manure ,wat]-- ,common ,salt-- ,spr9kl+ ! ,floors-- ,h\ses ,heat$ by ,smoke ,flues-- ,manure ,/eam = ,moi/5+ ! ,atmosph]e4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4--,,ga!r+ ,,& ,,m>ket+ ,,mu%rooms #aae ,:5 ,mu%rooms are ,fit to ,pick-- ,pick+-- ,! ,advantages ( ,pull+ ov] ,cutt+-- ,pull$ ,mu%rooms-- ,ga!r+ ,field or ,wild ,mu%rooms-- ,m>ket+ ,mu%rooms4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4--,,re-,,invigorat+ ,,old ,,b$s #abj ,worn ,out ,b$s-- ,spurts ( ,increas$ ,f]tility-- ,a ,sp5t ,mu%room ,b$-- ,liv+ ,spawn4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4--,,insect ,,& ,,o!r ,,enemies #abb ,maggots-- ,black ,spot-- ,manure ,flies-- ,slugs-- ,bullet or ,%ot ,holes-- ,wood ,lice-- ,mites-- ,mice & ,rats-- ,toads-- ,fogg+ ,(f-- ,flock-- ,clean+ ! ,mu%room ,h\ses4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4--,,gr[+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,ridges ,,out ,,( ,,doors ,,ar\nd ,,london #acf ,ridges 9 ! ,op5 ,field-- ,b$ ,mak+-- ,manure ,obta9$ f ,city ,/ables-- ,! ,site = ,b$s-- ,plant+ ! ,spawn-- ,dr5*+ ,ra9s-- ,russia ,mats-- ,! ,fir/ ,b$s-- ,! ,fir/ ,cutt+-- ,wat]+4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4--,,mu%room ,,gr[+ ,,9 ,,! ,,p>is ,,caves #adc ,caves & ,subt]ranean ,passages-- ,! ,manure ,us$-- ,prep>ation ( ! ,manure-- ,mak+ ! ,b$s-- ,! ,spawn-- ,/ratify+ ! ,spawn-- ,*ips & ,p[d] ( ,/one-- ,e>?+ ,ov] ! ,b$s-- ,temp]ature 9 ,high-ro($ ,caves-- ,:5 ! ,mu%rooms are ,ga!r$-- ,prop] ,v5tilation4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4--,,cook+ ,,mu%rooms #aej ,bak$ ,mu%rooms-- ,/ew$ ,mu%rooms-- ,soy]'s ,breakfa/ ,mu%rooms-- ,mu%rooms la ,crme-- ,curri$ ,mu%rooms-- ,broil$ ,mu%rooms-- ,mu%room ,s\p-- ,mu%room ,/ews-- ,pott$ ,mu%rooms-- ,gilb]t's ,breakfa/ ,mu%rooms-- ,bak$ ,mu%rooms-- ,mu%rooms la ,casse1 ,t\t-- ,broil$ ,beef/eak & ,mu%rooms-- ,to ,pres]ve ,mu%rooms-- ,mu%room ,p[d]-- ,to ,dry ,mu%rooms-- ,dri$ ,mu%rooms-- ,mu%room ,ket*up-- ,pickl$ ,mu%rooms4 ,,illu/rations ,mu%room ,cell> "u a ,b>n1 #af ,box$-up ,frame ) ,/raw ,cov]+1 #ai ,cross ,section ( ! ,dosoris ,mu%room ,cell>1 #bg ,gr\nd ,plan ( ! ,dosoris ,cell>1 #bh ,base-burn+ ,wat] ,heat]1 #cb ,v]tical ,section ( ,base-burn+ ,wat] ,heat]1 #cb ,mu%room ,h\se ,built ,aga9/ a ,nor?-fac+ ,wall1 #cd ,section ( ,mrs4 ,osborne's ,mu%room ,h\se1 #ce ,gr\nd ,plan ( ,mrs4 ,osborne's ,mu%room ,h\se1 #cf ,int]ior ,view ( ,mr4 ,s4 ,h5%aw's ,mu%room ,h\se1 #ch ,box$ ,mu%room ,b$ "u ,gre5h\se ,b5*1 #da ,mu%rooms ,gr[n on ,gre5h\se ,b5*es1 #dc ,wide ,b$ ) ,pa?way ,above1 #dd ,mu%rooms on ,gre5h\se ,b5*es "u ,tomatoes1 #de ,mr4 ,wm4 ,wilson's ,mu%room ,b$s1 #ea ,mu%room ,b$ ,built ,flat ^u ! ,gr\nd1 #eb ,ridg$ ,mu%room ,b$1 #ec ,bank$ ,b$ aga9/ a ,wall1 #ec ,p]spective ,view ( ! ,dosoris ,mu%room ,cell>1 #eh ,bale ( ,g]man ,peat ,moss1 #ff ,brick ,spawn1 #hj ,flake1 or ,fr5* ,spawn1 #hb ,brick ,spawn ,cut 9 ,pieces = ,plant+1 #ig ,a ,p]fect ,mu%room1 #aaf ,mu%rooms ,affect$ ) ,black ,spot1 #abe ,a ,flock-,diseas$ ,mu%room1 #acc ,! ,cov]$ ,ridges1 #adj ,9 ! ,mu%room ,caves ( ,p>is1 #adg ,ga!r+ ,mu%rooms 9 ! ,p>is ,caves = ,m>ket1 #adi ,,mu%rooms1 ,,h[ ,,to ,,gr[ ,,!m4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,^? ,,:o ,,%\ld ,,gr[ ,,mu%rooms4 ,m>ket ,g>d5]s4--,! mu%room is a highly priz$ article ( food :i* c be z easily gr[n z _m o!r vegetable products ( ! soil--& ) z mu* pleasure & pr(it4 ,bel[ x is %[n1 9 p>ticul>1 t ?is peculi> plant is s+ul>ly well adapt$ to ! conditions t surr\nd _m classes ( p]sons1 & by :om ! mu%room might become a /&>d crop = home use1 ! city m>ket1 or bo?4 ,x is directly 9 _! l9e ( bus9ess2 is a w9t] crop1 requir+ _! c>e :5 outdoor op]ations are at a /&/ill1 & !y c mo/ conv5i5tly att5d to gr[+ mu%rooms4 ,!y h ! manure ne$$ = _! o!r crops1 & !y may well use x fir/ = a mu%room crop4 ,aft] hav+ borne a crop ( mu%rooms x is ?or\ghly rott$ & 9 good condition = e>ly spr+ crops2 & = se$ b$s ( tomatoes1 lettuces1 cabbages1 caulifl[]s1 & o!r vegetables1 x is ! be/ k9d ( manure4 ,ye>s ago m>ket g>d5+ ne> ,new ,york 9 w9t] 0 c>ri$ on 9 r a desultory way1 & ! supply ( salads & o!r =c$ vegetables 0 limit$ & mo/ly rais$ 9 hotb$s & o!r frames1 & prices ran high4 ,b ( rec5t ye>s our m>kets 9 w9t] h be5 s lib]ally suppli$ f ! ,s\!rn ,/ates1 t1 9 ord] to save !mselves1 our m>ket g>d5]s h be5 compell$ to take up a fre% l9e 9 _! bus9ess1 & r5\nce ! w9t] frames 9 favor ( gre5h\ses1 & gr[ crops :i* _m ( !m did n h&le be=e4 ,^! gre5h\ses are mo/ly long1 wide 7eighte5 to tw5ty feet71 l[1 hip-ro($ 7#cj7 /ructures4 ,9 mo/ ( !m ! salad b$s are made ^u ! floor1 & ! pa?ways are sunk5 a little s z to give headroom 9 walk+ & work+4 ,o!rs ( ^! gre5h\ses are built a little high]1 & middle & side b5*es are erect$ )9 !m1 z 9 ! case ( flori/s' gre5h\ses1 & ) ! view ( gr[+ salad plants on ^! b5*es z flori/s d c>nations1 & mu%rooms "u ! b5*es4 ,! mu%rooms are protect$ f sunlight by a cov]+ ( light bo>ds1 or hay1 or ! space "u ! b5*es is entirely %ut 91 cupbo>d fa%ion1 ) wood5 %utt]s4 ,! temp]ature is v favorable = mu%rooms1--/eady & mod]ately cool1 & easily correct$ by ! cov]+-9 ( ! b$s2 & ! moi/ure ( ! atmosph]e ( a lettuce h\se is ab\t "r = mu%rooms4 ,9 su* a h\se ! day temp]ature may run up1 ) sun%9e1 to #fe or #gj 9 w9t]1 b an artificial night temp]ature ( only #de to #ej is ma9ta9$4 ,"u ^! conditions1 ) ! b$s ab\t fifte5 in*es ?ick1 !y %\ld cont9ue to yield a good crop ( %ort-/emm$1 /\t mu%rooms = two or ?ree mon?s1 possibly long]4 ,besides gr[+ ! mu%rooms 9 gre5h\ses our m>ket g>d5]s are v mu* 9 e>ne/ 9 cultivat+ !m 9 cell>s4 ,"s ( ^! cell>s are ord9>y b>n cell>s1 o!rs--l>ge & commodi\s--h be5 built "u b>ns & gre5h\ses1 purposely = ! cultivation ( mu%rooms4 ,sev]al ( ^! mu%room cell>s may be f\nd on ,long ,isl& betwe5 ,jamaica & ,woodhav54 ,flori/s4--,9 midw9t] ! cut fl[] season is at its height & ! flori/ endeavors to make all ! money out ( 8 gre5h\ses t he possibly c2 e available in* ( space expos$ to ! light is occupi$ by gr[+ plants1 & "u ! b5*es alongside ( ! pa?ways dahlias1 cannas1 caladiums1 & o!r tub]s & bulbs are /or$1 also ivies1 palms1 succul5ts & ! l4 ,9 ord] t ! plants may be m fully expos$ to ! sunlight1 !y are gr[n on b5*es rais$ above ! gr\nd s z to br+ !m ne> to ! glass2 & ! gre5h\se seems to be full to ov]fl[+4 ,b "r "h we h ! be/ k9d ( a mu%room h\se4 ,! space "u ! b5*es1 :i* is ne>ly useless = o!r purposes1 is admirably adapt$ = mu%room b$s1 & ! w>m? & moi/ure ( ! gre5h\se are exceptionally cong5ial conditions = ! cultivation ( mu%rooms4 ,flori/s ne$ ! loam & manure anyway1 & ^! are j z good = pott+ purposes--bett] = "y /ock--aft] hav+ be5 us$ 9 ! mu%room b$s ?an !y 7 be=e1 s t ! additional exp5se 9 connection ) ! crop is ! labor 9 mak+ ! b$s & ! price ( ! spawn4 ,mu%rooms are n a bulky crop2 !y require no space or c>e 9 summ]1 are easily gr[n1 h&l$1 & m>ket$1 & !re is always a dem& = !m at a good price4 ,if ! crop turns out well x is ne>ly all pr(it2 if x is a complete failure v little is lo/1 & x mu/ be a bad failure t w n yield en\gh to pay = its co/4 ,:y %\ld ! flori/ conf9e himself to "o crop at a "t 9 ! gre5h\se :5 he may equally well h two crops 9 x at ! same "t1 & bo? ( !m pr(itable8 ,he c h 8 roses on ! b5*es & mu%rooms "u ! b5*es1 & nei!r int]f]es ) ! o!r4 ,let u take a v l[ e/imate3 ,9 a gre5h\se a hundr$ feet long make a five foot wide mu%room b$ "u ! ma9 b5*2 ?is w give #ejj squ>e feet ( b$1 & half a p\nd to ! foot w give #bej p\nds ( mu%rooms1 :i*1 sold at fifty c5ts a p\nd net1 br+s #abe4 ,?is am\nt ! flori/ w\ld n h realiz$ )\t gr[+ ! mu%rooms4 ,private ,g>d5]s4--,x is a "p ( _! r\t9e duty1 & success 9 mu%room gr[+ is z satisfactory to !mselves z x is gratify+ to _! employ]s4 ,fre% mu%rooms1 l good fruit & h&some fl[]s1 are a product ( ! g>d5 t is always acceptable4 ,"o ( ! pr9cipal pleasures 9 hav+ a l>ge g>d5 & keep+ a g>d5] consi/s 9 be+ able to give to o!rs a "p ( ! *oice/ g>d5 products4 ,9 mo/ pret5ti\s g>d5s !re is a regul> mu%room h\se1 & ! gr[+ ( mu%rooms is an easy matt]2 9 o!rs !re is no su* conv5i5ce1 & ! g>d5] has to tru/ to 8 own +5uity :]e & h[ he is to gr[ ! mu%rooms4 ,b s long z he has an abundance ( fre% manure he c usually f9d a place 9 :i* to make ! b$s4 ,9 ! tool-%$1 ! pott+-%$1 ! wood-%$1 ! /oke-hole1 ! fruit-room1 ! vegetable-cell>1 or 9 "s o!r out-build+ he c surely f9d a corn]2 or1 h&i] /ill1 conv5i5t room "u ! gre5h\se b5*es1 :]e he c make "s b$s4 ,fail+ all ( ^! he c />t 9 ,augu/ or ,septemb] & make b$s outside1 z ! ,london m>ket g>d5]s d4 ,9 fruit-=c+ h\ses1 especially e>ly grap]ies1 g>d5]s h a prejudice aga9/ gr[+ any o!r plants ?an ! grapev9es le/ r$ spid]s1 ?rips1 or mealy bugs are introduc$ ) ! plants1 b 9 ! case ( mu%rooms no su* gr\nds are t5able4 ,z ! v9es h yield$ _! fruit by midsumm] & rip5$ _! wood e>ly s z to be ready = />t+ into gr[? aga9 9 ,decemb] or ,janu>y1 ! grap]y is kept cool & v5tilat$ 9 ! fall & e>ly w9t]1 b ?is ne$ n int]f]e ) ! mu%room crop4 ,box up ! b$s or make !m 9 frames inside ! grap]y2 ! w>m manure w af=d ! mu%rooms heat en\gh until x is "t to />t ! v9es1 :5 ! increas$ temp]ature & moi/ure ( ! h\se w be 9 favor ( ! mu%rooms because ( ! decl9+ heat 9 ! manure b$s4 ,! mu%rooms h no delet]i\s effect :atev] ^u ! v9es1 nor h ! v9es ^u ! mu%rooms4 ,village ,p & ,suburban ,resid5ts4--,^? :o keep horses %\ld1 at lea/1 gr[ mu%rooms = _! own family use &1 if ne$ be1 = m>ket z well4 ,!y are s easily rais$1 & !y take up s little space t !y comm5d !mselves p>ticul>ly to ^? :o h only a village or suburban lot1 &1 9 fact1 only a b>n4 ,& !y are n a crop = :i* we h to make a great prep>ation & ne$ a l>ge quantity ( manure4 ,no matt] h[ small ! b$ may be1 x w be> mu%rooms2 & if we desire we c add to ! b$ week aft] week1 z our /ore ( manure increases1 & 9 ?is way keep up a cont9u\s succession ( mu%rooms4 ,a b$ may be made 9 ! c[-h\se or horse-/able1 ! c>riage-h\se1 b>n-cell>1 wood%$1 or h\se-cell>2 or if we c n sp>e mu* room any:]e1 make a b$ 9 a big box & move x to :]e x w be lea/ 9 ! way4 ,b ! be/ place is1 p]haps1 ! cell>4 ,an empty /all 9 a horse-/able is a capital place1 & n only af=ds room = a full b$ on ! floor1 b = rack-b$s z well4 ,f>m]s4--,no "o c gr[ mu%rooms bett] or m economically ?an ! f>m]4 ,he has already ! cell>-room1 ! fre% manure & ! loam at home1 & all he ne$s is "s spawn ) :i* to plant ! b$s4 ,no?+ is lo/4 ,! manure1 aft] hav+ be5 us$ 9 mu%room b$s1 is n exhau/$ ( its f]tility1 b1 in/ead1 is well rott$ & 9 a bett] condition to apply to ! l& ?an x 0 be=e be+ prep>$ = ! mu%room crop4 ,! f>m] w n feel ! little labor t x takes4 ,!re is no secret :atev] connect$ ) x1 & skill$ labor is unnecess>y to make x successful4 ,! commone/ f>m h& c d ! "w1 :i* consi/s ( turn+ ! manure once e day or two = ab\t ?ree weeks1 !n build+ x into a b$ & spawn+ & mold+ x4 ,ne>ly all ! labor = ! next t5 or twelve weeks consi/s 9 ma9ta9+ an ev5 temp]ature & ga!r+ & m>ket+ ! crop4 ,_m wom5 are se>*+ = remun]ative & pleasant employm5t ^u ! f>m1 & :at c be m int]e/+1 pleasant & pr(itable "w = !m ?an mu%room-gr[+8 ,aft] ! f>m] makes up ! mu%room b$ 8 wife or daught] c att5d to its managem5t1 ) sc>cely any tax ^u h] "t1 & )\t int]f]+ ) h] o!r dome/ic duties4 ,& x is clean "w2 !re is no?+ m5ial ab\t x4 ,no lady 9 ! l& w\ld hesitate to pick ! mu%rooms 9 ! op5 fields1 h[ mu* less1 !n1 %\ld %e hesitate to ga!r ! fre% mu%rooms f ! clean b$s 9 h] own clean cell>8 ,mu%rooms are a w9t] crop2 !y come :5 we ne$ !m mo/4 ,! supply ( eggs 9 ! w9t] season is limit$ en\gh1 & p9-money (t5 proportionately %ort2 b ) an insatiable m>ket dem& = mu%rooms all w9t] long1 at good prices1 no f>m]'s wife ne$ c>e :e!r ! h5s lay eggs at ,*ri/mas or n4 ,:5 mu%room-gr[+ is intellig5tly conduct$ !re is m money 9 x ?an 9 h5s1 & ) less tr\ble4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,gr[+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,cell>s4 ,und]gr\nd ,cell>s4--,mu%rooms require a uni=m mod]ately l[ temp]ature & moi/ atmosph]e1 & w n ?rive :]e draughts1 or sudd5 fluctuations ( temp]ature or moi/ure prevail4 ,!re=e an und]gr\nd cell> is ! be/ ( all /ructures 9 :i* to gr[ mu%rooms4 ,! cell> is ev]ybody's mu%room h\se4 ,cell>s are "u dwell+s1 b>ns1 & (t5 "u o!r out-build+s4 ,^! cell>s are imp]ative = dome/ic purposes1 = /or+ apples1 potatoes & o!r root crops & p]i%able produce2 & = ^! uses we ne$ to make !m fro/ pro( & dry4 ,^! cell>s are ideal mu%room h\ses1 & any "o :o has a good cell> c gr[ mu%rooms 9 x4 ,9 fact1 our m>ket g>d5]s :o are mak+ money out ( mu%rooms f9d x pays !m to excavate & build cell>s expressly = gr[+ mu%rooms4 ,inde$1 "s ( our m>ket g>d5]s :o h nev] gr[n a mu%room or se5 "o gr[n1 b :o "k well t "s ( _! neighbors are mak+ money out ( ?is bus9ess1 in/9ctively feel t ! fir/ /ep 9 mu%room-gr[+ is a cell>4 ,x is almo/ incr$ible h[ secretly ! m>ket gr[]s gu>d ev]y?+ 9 connection ) mu%room-gr[+ f ! outside _w1 & ev5 f "o ano!r2 9 fact1 9 "s cases _! next-door neighbors & life-long intimate fri5ds h nev] be5 inside _! mu%room cell>s4 ,if a cell> is to be :olly devot$ to mu%room-gr[+ x %\ld be made z w>m z possible ) d\ble w9d[s1 & d\ble doors1 :]e ! entrance is f ! outside1 b if f ano!r build+ s+le doors w suffice4 ,a *imney-l %aft or %afts ris+ f ! ceil+ %\ld be us$ z v5tilators 9 w9t]1 :5 we c n v5tilate f doors or w9d[s2 inde$1 side v5tilation at anytime :5 ! b$s are 9 be>+ condition is r prec>i\s4 ,!re %\ld be "s indoor way ( gett+ into ! cell>1 z by a /airway f ! build+ above x4 ,also an easy way ( gett+ 9 fre% mat]ials = ! b$s1 & remov+ ! exhau/$ mat]ial4 ,?is is1 p]haps1 be/ obta9$ by hav+ a door t op5s to ! outside1 or a mod]ately l>ge "o f ! build+ above4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4 ,,mu%room ,,cell> ,,"u ,a ,,b>n4 ,! int]ior arrangem5t ( ! cell> is a matt] ( *oice ) ! gr[]1 b ! simple/ way is to h b$s ?ree or f\r feet wide ar\nd ! inside ( ! walls1 & b$s six feet wide1 ) pa?ways two1 or two & "o-half feet wide betwe5 !m runn+ p>allel along ! middle ( ! cell>4 ,above ^! floor-b$s1 %elf-b$s 9 ti]s ( "o1 two1 or ?ree1 accord+ to ! height ( ! cell>1 may be =m$1 always leav+ a space ( two & "o-half or ?ree feet betwe5 ! bottom ( "o b$ & ! bottom ( ! next4 ,?is is v necess>y1 9 ord] to admit ( mak+ & t5d+ ! b$s & ga!r+ ! crop1 & empty+ ! b$s :5 !y are exhau/$4 ,provision %\ld also be made = ! artificial heat+ ( ^! cell>s1 & room giv5 = ! heat+ pipes :]ev] !y are to run4 ,b :]ev] fire heat is us$ 9 heat+ ^! cell>s1 if practicable1 ! furnace itself %\ld be box$ (f1 by a ?9 brick wall1 f ! ma9 cell>1 & ! pipes only introduc$4 ,?is does away ) ! du/ & noxi\s gas1 & modifies ! p>*+ heat4 ,b 9 a snug1 w>m cell>1 artificial heat is n absolutely necess>y4 ,we c gr[ capital crops ( mu%rooms 9 su* a cell> )\t any furnace heat1 simply by us+ a l>g] body ( mat]ial 9 mak+ ! b$s1--en\gh to ma9ta9 a /eady w>m? = a long "t4 ,b ?is1 obs]ve1 is a wa/e ( mat]ial1 = no m mu%rooms c be gr[n 9 a b$ two feet ?ick ?an 9 "o a foot ?ick4 ,9 an unheat$ cell> ! mu%rooms gr[ l>ge & solid1 b !y d n come s quickly nor 9 su* l>ge numb]s z 9 a heat$ "o4 ,& a little artificial w>m? has ! effect ( dispell+ t cold1 raw1 damp air peculi> to a p5t-up cell> 9 w9t]1 & purifies ! atmosph]e by assi/+ v5tilation4 ,in/ead ( us+ box b$s1 "s gr[]s spread ! b$ all ov] ! floor ( ! cell>1 & leave no pa?way :atev]1 /epp+-bo>ds or rais$ pa?ways be+ us$ in/ead4 ,( c\rse1 9 ^! in/ances1 no %elf b$s are us$4 ,o!rs make ridge b$s all ov] ! cell> floor1 z ! ,p>isians d 9 ! caves4 ,! ridges are two feet wide at bottom1 two feet high1 & six or eight in*es wide at top1 & !re is a foot alley betwe5 !m4 ,"h1 aga91 no %elf b$s are us$4 ,"o ( ! *ief tr\bles ) flat-ro($ mu%room cell>s is ! drip f ! cond5s$ moi/ure ris+ f ! b$s1 & ?is is m app>5t 9 unheat$ ?an 9 heat$ cell>s1--! wet ga!rs ^u ! ceil+ &1 hav+ no slope to run (f1 drips d[n aga94 ,oil$ pap] or calico /rung along ,symbol3 ,inv]t$ ,v wise above ! upp] b$s protects !m p]fectly2 :atev] falls ^u ! passage-ways ^u ! floor does no h>m4 ,9 any o!r ou?\se cell>1 z well z 9 "o completely giv5 ov] to ?is use1 we c make up b$s & gr[ good mu%rooms4 ,mr4 ,james ,vick told me t at 8 se$ f>m ne> ,ro*e/] he raises _m mu%rooms 9 w9t] 9 8 potato cell>s2 & s c any "o 9 simil> places4 ,mr4 ,john ,cull51 ( ,s\? ,be?lehem1 ,pa41 a v successful cultivator1 tells me t 8 pres5t mu%room cell> us$ to be a l>ge und]gr\nd ci/]n1 b ) a little fix+1 & op5+ a passage-way to x f a neighbor+ cell>1 he has conv]t$ x into an excell5t cell> = mu%rooms1 & surely ! imm5se crops t ,i h se5 9 t cave ( total d>kness ju/ify 8 good op9ion ( x4 ,9 ,dwell+ ,h\se4--,! cell> ( a dwell+ h\se is a capital place = mu%room b$s1 & c be us$ 9 :ole or "p = ?is purpose4 ,9 ! case ( private families :o wi% to gr[ a few mu%rooms only = _! own use x is n necess>y to devote a :ole cell> to x2 b p>tition (f a "p ( x ) bo>ds & make ! b$s 9 ?is4 ,or make a b$ alongside ( ! wall any:]e & box x 9 to protect x f cold & draughts1 & mice & rats4 ,y c h %elves above x = dome/ic purposes1 j z y w\ld 9 any o!r "p ( ! cell>4 ,be> 9 m9d t mu%rooms ?rive be/ 9 an atmosph]ic temp]ature ( f #ej to #fj1 & if y c give !m ?is 9 y\r h\se-cell> y ought to get pl5ty ( good mu%rooms4 ,b if su* a high temp]ature c n be ma9ta9$ )\t impair+ ! usefulness ( ! cell> = o!r purposes1 box up ! b$s tightly1 & f ! heat ( ! b$ itself1 :5 ?us conf9$1 !re usually w be w>m? en\gh = ! mu%rooms1 b if n spread a piece ( old c>pet or matt+ ov] ! box+4 ,! b$s may be made ^u ! floor1 & flat1 or ridg$1 or bank$ aga9/ ! wall1 t5 or twelve in*es deep 9 a w>m cell>1 & fifte5 to tw5ty in*es or m deep 9 a cool cell>1 & ab\t ?ree feet wide & any l5g? to suit4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4 ,,box$-,,up ,,frame ,,) ,,/raw ,,cov]+4 ,! box+ may consi/ ( any k9d ( bo>ds = sides & ends1 & be built ab\t six or t5 in*es high] ?an ! top ( ! b$s1 s z to give ! mu%rooms pl5ty headroom2 ! top ( ! box+ may be a lid hung on h+es or /raps1 or o!rwise arrang$1 to admit ( be+ easily rais$ or remov$ at w1 & made ( light lumb]1 say "o-half in* ?ick bo>ds4 ,9 ?is way1 by op5+ ! lid1 ! mu%rooms are "u obs]vation & c be ga!r$ )\t any tr\ble4 ,:5 ! lid is %ut !y are secure f cold & v]m94 ,?us protect$ ! cell>s c be v5tilat$ )\t int]f]+ ) ! welf>e ( ! mu%rooms4 ,a light wood5 frame cov]$ ) calico or oil$ pap] w\ld also make a good top = ! box+1 only x w\ld n be pro( aga9/ mu* cold1 or rats or mice4 ,if desirable1 9 w>m cell>s1 %elf b$s c\ld be built above ! floor b$s1 b 9 cool1 airy cell>s ?is w\ld n be advisable4 ,manure b$s 9 ! dwell+-h\se cell> may seem highly improp] to _m p1 b 9 tru?1 :5 rightly h&l$1 ^! b$s emit no bad odor4 ,! manure %\ld be prep>$ away f ! h\se1 & :5 ready = mak+ into b$s x c be spread out ?91 s z to become p]fectly cool & free f /eam4 ,:5 x has la9 = two days 9 ?is condition x may be br\ght into ! cell> & made into b$s4 ,hav+ be5 well sweet5$ by previ\s prep>ation1 x is n[ cool & free f /eam1 & almo/ odorless2 aft] a few days x w w>m up a little1 & may !n be spawn$ & e>!d ov] at once4 ,d n bury ! spawn 9 ! manure1 m]ely set x 9 ! surface ( ! manure2 ?is saves ! spawn f be+ de/roy$ by too great a heat1 %\ld ! b$ become unduly w>m4 ,?is1 if ! manure has be5 well prep>$1 is n likely to occur4 ,! coat+ ( loam prev5ts ! escape ( any fur!r /eam or odor f ! manure4 ,on ! #ad? ( ,janu>y la/1 ,mr4 ,w4 ,rob9son1 editor ( ! ,london ,g>d51 9 writ+ to me1 m5tion$ ! foll[+ v int]e/+ case ( gr[+ mu%rooms 9 ! cell> ( a dwell+ h\se3 ,i w5t out ! o!r day to see ,mr4 ,horace ,cox1 ! manag] ( ! ,field newspap]1 :o lives at ,h>r[1 ne> ! fam\s s*ool4 ,8 h\se is heat$ by a hot-wat] sy/em call$ ,kei?'s1 & ! boil] is 9 a *amb] 9 ! h\se 9 ! basem5t4 ,! sy/em int]e/$ me & ,i w5t d[n to see ! boil]1 :i* is a v simple "o work$ ) coke refuse4 ,h[ev]1 ,i 0 pleas$ to see all ! floor ( ! room n occupi$ by ! boil] cov]$ ) little flat mu%room b$s & be>+ a v good crop4 ,tru? to tell1 ,i us$ to fe> gr[+ mu%rooms 9 dwell+ h\ses might be objectionable 9 v>i\s ways2 b ?is in/ance is v int]e/+1 z !re is n ev5 ! slighte/ unpleasant smell 9 ! *amb] itself4 ,! b$s are small1 sc>cely a foot high1 & p]fectly odorless2 s t x is q cle> t "o may cultivate mu%rooms 9 "o's h\se1 9 su* a case z ?is1 )\t ! slighte/ (f5ce4 ,mr4 ,g>dn]'s ,me?od4--,mr4 ,j4 ,g4 ,g>dn]1 ( ,job/[n1 ,n4 ,j41 uses an ord9>y cell>1 su* z any f>m] 9 ! c\ntry has1 & ! little t has be5 done to x to d>k5 ! w9d[s & make !m tight1 s z to r5d] !m bett] = mu%rooms1 any f>m] ) a h&-saw1 an ax1 a hamm] & a few nails & "s bo>ds c d4 ,mr4 ,g>dn] is a m>ket g>d5]1 & has n ! am\nt ( fre% manure ^u 8 own place t he ne$s = mu%room-gr[+1 b he buys x1 common horse manure1 9 ,new ,york1 & x is %ipp$ to him1 ov] sev5ty miles1 by rail4 ,& ?is pays2 & if x w pay a man to get manure at su* a co/ = mu%room-gr[+1 h[ mu* m w mu%room-gr[+ pay ! f>m] :o has ! cell> & ! manure z well8 ,mr4 ,g>dn] raises mu%rooms1 & lots ( !m4 ,:5 ,i visit$ him la/ ,novemb]1 in/ead ( try+ to hide any?+ 9 _! cultivation f me1 he took p>ticul> pa9s to %[ & expla9 to me ev]y?+ ab\t 8 way ( gr[+ !m4 ,& he assures me t by adopt+ simple means ( prep>+ ! manure & fix+ = ! crop1 & avoid+ all complicat$ me?ods1 "o c get good crops & make fair pr(its4 ,8 cell> is sixty feet long1 tw5ty-f\r feet wide1 & n9e feet high f floor to ceil+4 ,! floor is an e>!n "o1 b p]fectly dry4 ,x is well suppli$ ) w9d[ v5tilators & doors1 & 9 ! ceil+ 9 ! middle ( ! cell> op5s a tall %aft or *imney-l v5tilator t passes /raight up ?r\gh ! ro( above4 ,:ile ! b$s are be+ made full v5tilation by doors1 w9d[s & %aft is giv51 b z soon z !re is any sign ( ! mu%rooms appe>+ all v5tilators except ! %aft 9 ! middle are %ut & kept clos$4 ,! b$ occupies ! :ole surface ( ! cell> floor & 0 all made up 9 "o day4 ,z a pa?way1 a s+le r[ ( bo>ds is laid on ! top ( ! b$1 runn+ l5g?wise along ! middle ( ! cell> f ! door to ! f>!r end1 & "h & !re betwe5 ?is n>r[ pa? & ! walls on ei!r side a few pieces ( slate are laid d[n on ! b$ to /ep ^u :5 ga!r+ ! mu%rooms4 ,"h is ! odde/ ?+ ab\t ,mr4 ,g>dn]'s mu%room-gr[+4 ,he does n give ! manure any prep>atory treatm5t = ! b$s4 ,he hauls x f ! c>s to ! cell>1 at once spreads x ^u ! floor & packs x solid into a b$4 ,= example1 on "o occasion ! manure arriv$ at ,job/[n1 ,july #h?2 x 0 haul$ home & ! b$ made up ! same day1 & ! fir/ mu%rooms 7 ga!r$ f ?is b$ ! second week 9 ,septemb]1--j two mon?s f ! "t ! manure left ! ,new ,york or ,j]sey ,city /ables4 ,! b$ 0 fifte5 in*es ?ick4 ,9 mak+ x ! manure 0 fir/ %ak5 up loosely to admit ( its be+ m ev5ly spread ?an if pit*$ out 9 heavy =kfuls1 & x 0 !n tramp$ d[n firmly ) ! feet4 ,! b$ 0 !n m>k$ (f into halves4 ,on "o half 7,no4 #a7 a lay] ( a little ov] ?ree in*es ( loam 0 at once plac$ ov] ! manure2 on ! o!r half 7,no4 #b7 no loam 0 us$ at ?is "t1 b ! manure on ! surface ( ! b$--ab\t ?ree in*es deep--0 =k$ ov] loosely4 ,twelve days aft] hav+ be5 put 9 ! temp]ature ( ! b$ ,no4 #b1 ?ree in*es deep1 0 #ij1 & !n x 0 spawn$4 ,on ! next day ! soil f b$ ,no4 #a1 spawn$ f\r days e>li]1 0 ?r[n ^u b$ ,no4 #b1 & !n "p ( ! soil t 0 ?r[n on ,no4 #a 0 ?r[n back aga9 on ,no4 #b1 s t n[ a coat+ ( loam an in* & a half deep cov]$ ! :ole surface ( ! b$4 ,:5 f9i%$ ! surface 0 tamp$ g5tly ) a tamp] ) a face ( p9e plank sixte5 in*es long by twelve in*es wide4 ,mr4 ,g>dn] does n believe 9 ! alleg$ advantages ( a h>d-pack$ surface on ! mu%room b$1 b is incl9$ to favor a mod]ately firm "o4 ,he uses ! ,engli% brick spawn1 :i* is sold by our se$sm54 ,he has tri$ mak+ 8 own spawn1 b ow+ to n hav+ prop] means = dry+ x1 he has _h r indiff]5t success4 ,almo/ all gr[]s ins]t ! pieces ( spawn ab\t two to ?ree in*es "u ! surface ( ! manure1 "o piece at a "t1 & at regul> int]vals ( n9e in*es or !reab\ts ap>t ea* way--l5g?wise & crosswise4 ,b "h1 aga91 ,mr4 ,g>dn] displays 8 individuality4 ,he breaks up ! spawn 9 ! usual way1 9 pieces "o or two in*es squ>e4 ,( c\rse1 9 break+ x up !re is a good deal ( f9e p>ticles besides ! lumps4 ,) an angul>-po9t$ hoe he draws drills eighte5 in*es ap>t & two & "o-half to ?ree in*es deep l5g?wise along ! b$1 & 9 ! r[s he s[s ! spawn1 z if he 7 s[+ pea* /ones1 or walnuts1 or snap beans1 & cov]s x 9 z if x 7 se$s4 ,mr4 ,g>dn] reg>ds #eg z ! mo/ suitable temp]ature = a mu%room h\se or cell>1 &1 if possible1 ma9ta9s t )\t ! aid ( fire-heat4 ,he has hot-wat] pipes connect$ ) ! contigu\s gre5h\se heat+ arrangem5t 9 8 cell>1 b he nev] uses !m = heat+ ! mu%room cell> except :5 oblig$ to4 ,by mul*+ 8 b$ ) /raw he gets along )\t any fire-heat1 b ?is is v awkw>d :5 ga!r+ ! mu%rooms4 ,aft] ! b$ has borne a little :ile x is top-dress$ all ov] ) a half-in* lay] ( f9e soil4 ,be=e us+1 ?is soil has be5 kept 9 a close place--pit1 frame1 %$1 or l>ge box--9 :i* !re 01 at ! same "t1 a lot ( /eam+-hot manure1 s t x might become ?or\ghly *>g$ ) mu%room food absorb$ f ! /eam f ! f]m5t+ mat]ial4 ,%\ld any portion ( ! b$ get v dry1 wat] ( a temp]ature ( #ij is giv5 g5tly & some:at sp>+ly ?r\gh a f9e-spray+ wat]-pot rose1 or syr+e4 ,en\gh wat] is nev] giv5 at any "o "t to p5etrate ?r\gh ! cas+ into ! manure bel[ or ! spawn 9 ! manure4 ,b r ?an make a practice ( wat]+ ! b$s1 ,mr4 ,g>dn] f9ds x is bett] to ma9ta9 a moi/ atmosph]e1 & ?us less5 ! necessity = wat]+4 ,mr4 ,g>dn] firmly believes t ! mu%rooms d]ive mu* n\ri%m5t f ! /eam ( f]m5t+ fre% horse manure1 & by us+ ?is /eam 9 our mu%room h\ses we c ma9ta9 an atmosph]e almo/ moi/ en\gh to be able to disp5se ) ! use ( ! syr+e1 & ! mu%rooms are fatt] & heavi] = x4 ,& he practices :at he prea*es4 ,9 "o end ( 8 mu%room cell> he has a v l>ge1 deep1 op5 box1 half fill$ ) /eam+ fre% horse-dropp+s1 & once or twice a day he tosses ^! ov] ) a dung-=k1 9 ord] to raise a /eam1 :i* x c]ta9ly does4 ,x is also = ?is purpose t he introduces ! loam s soon :5 mak+ ! b$s1 s t x may become *>g$ ) food t o!rwise w\ld be dissipat$ 9 ! atmosph]e4 ,!re is a m>k$ diff]5ce betwe5 ! mu%rooms rais$ f ! ,fr5* flake spawn & ^? f ! ,engli% brick spawn1 b he has nev] obs]v$ any di/9ct v>ieties f ! same k9d ( spawn4 ,sometimes a few mu%rooms w appe> t are some:at diff]5tly =m$ f ^? ( ! g5]al crop1 b ?is he reg>ds z ! result ( cultural conditions r ?an ( true v>ietal diff]5ces4 ,8 la/ ye>'s b$ began be>+ e>ly 9 ,novemb]1 & cont9u$ to be> a good crop until ! fir/ ( ,may4 ,aft] t "t1 no matt] :at ! crop may be1 ! mu%rooms become s infe/$ ) maggots z to be p]fectly wor?less1 & !y are cle>$ out4 ,x is on acc\nt ( ! l>ge body ( manure 9 ! b$1 & ! l[1 g5ial1 & equable temp]ature ( ! cell> t ! b$s 9 ?is h\se always cont9ue s long 9 good cropp+ condition4 ,"s ye>s ago ! mu%rooms 7 n ga!r$ till _! heads _h op5$ out flat1 b n[adays ! m>ketm5 l to get !m :5 !y are q "y & be=e ! sk9 ( ! frill betwe5 ! cup & ! /em has brok5 ap>t4 ,a good m>ket is f\nd 9 ,new ,york1 ,philadelphia & ,bo/on4 ,mr4 ,d5ton's ,me?od4--,mr4 ,w4 ,h4 ,d5ton1 ( ,woodhav51 ,l4 ,i41 is an ext5sive m>ket g>d5] ab\t t5 miles f ,new ,york4 ,dur+ ! summ] mon?s he gr[s outdoor vegetables = ! ,new ,york & ,brooklyn m>kets1 & 9 w9t] mu%rooms 9 cell>s4 ,he has no gre5h\ses4 ,"u 8 b>ns he has two l>ge cell>s :i* he devotes entirely to mu%room-gr[+ 9 w9t]4 ,! cell>s are sev5 & "o-half feet high inside2 ! b$s five feet wide1 n9e in*es deep1 two feet ap>t1 & run p>allel to "o ano!r ! :ole l5g? ( ! cell>4 ,! b$s are ?ree deep1 t is1 "o b$ is made ^u ! floor1 & ! o!r two1 rack or %elf fa%ion1 are made above ! floor b$1 & two & "o-half feet ap>t f ! bottom ( ! "o b$ to ! bottom ( ! "o above x4 ,! %elves altoge!r are tempor>y /ructures built ( ord9>y r\gh scantl+ & hemlock bo>ds1 & ! b$s are all "o bo>d deep4 ,a common iron /ove & /r+ ( %eet iron smoke pipes are us$ = heat+ ! cell>s4 ,b he tells me ! p>*+ effect is v visible on ! b$s1 x dries !m up on ! surface v mu*1 & he has to spr9kle !m frequ5tly ) wat] to keep !m moi/ en\gh4 ,dur+ ! late summ] & fall mon?s1 on 8 return trips f ! ,brooklyn m>kets1 ,mr4 ,d5ton hauls home fre% horse manure f ! ,city /ables4 ,all t he c put on a wagon co/s him ab\t tw5ty-five c5ts2 & ?is is :at he uses = mu%rooms4 ,he prep>es x 9 a l>ge op5 %$ j above ! cell>1 & :5 x is fit = use he adds ab\t "o-?ird ( its bulk ( loam4 ,! loam is ! ord9>y field soil f 8 m>ket g>d54 ,he tells me he has bett] success ) b$s made up 9 ?is way ?an :5 manure alone is us$4 ,we all "k h[ v heavily m>ket g>d5]s manure _! l&1 also h[ vigor\sly mo/ writ]s on mu%room culture d5\nce ! use ( manure-fatt$ loam 9 mu%room b$s1 b "h is ,mr4 ,d5ton1 ! mo/ successful gr[] ( mu%rooms = m>ket 9 ! neighborhood ( ,new ,york1 practic+ ! v ?+ t is d5\nc$6 ,:ile he likes good lively manure to beg9 ) he is v c>eful n to use x soon en\gh to run any risk ( ov]heat+ 9 ! b$s4 ,! loam 9 ! manure c\nt]acts ?is /rong heat+ t5d5cy1 also ) ! loam mixture ! %elf-b$s c be built mu* m firmly ?an ) pla9 manure on ! spr+y bo>ds4 ,:5 ! temp]ature falls to #ij he spawns ! b$s4 ,he uses bo? ,fr5* & brick spawn1 b leans ) mo/ favor to ! latt]1 ( :i* 9 ! fall #ahhi he us$ #djj lbs4 ,he m>kets f #agjj to #bejj lbs4 ( mu%rooms a ye> f ^! two cell>s4 ,mr4 ,d5ton believes emphatically 9 cleanl9ess 9 ! mu%room cell>1 & ascribes 8 be/ successes to 8 mo/ ?or\gh clean+4 ,e summ] he cleans out 8 cell>s & limewa%es all ov]4 ,mr4 ,van ,sicl5's ,me?od4--,mr4 ,abram ,van ,sicl51 ( ,jamaica1 ,l4 ,i41 also gr[s mu%rooms v ext5sively 9 und]gr\nd cell>s1 ^: arrangem5ts d n diff] mat]ially f ^? ( ,mr4 ,d5ton's1 except 9 8 mann] ( heat+4 ,he runs an imm5se gre5h\se vegetable-gr[+ e/abli%m5t1 z well z a summ] truck f>m1 & uses hot wat] heat+ app>atus1 also smoke flues z employ$ ord9>ily 9 gre5h\ses1 especially lettuce h\ses4 ,! %eet iron pipes1 except 9 squa% h\ses1 he does n hold 9 mu* favor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4 ,,cross-,,section ,,( ,,! ,,dosoris ,,mu%room ,,cell>4 ,! ,dosoris ,mu%room ,cell>4--,?is is a subt]ranean tunnel or cell> t 0 excavat$ & ar*$ "s t5 ye>s ago1 expressly = ! cultivation ( mu%rooms4 ,x is situat$ 9 an op51 sunny "p ( ! g>d51 & its extreme l5g? f outside ( end walls is eighty-?ree feet2 b ( ?is space n9e feet at ei!r end are giv5 up to entrance pits & a heat+ app>atus2 & ! full l5g? ( ! mu%room cell> prop] inside ! inn] walls is sixty-?ree feet4 ,! walls & ar* are ( brick1 & ! top ( ! ar* is two & "o-half feet bel[ ! surface ( ! soil4 ,?is tunnel or ar* is sev5 feet high 9 ! middle & eight feet wide )91 b a rais$ two-feet-wide pa?way along ! middle less5s ! height to six & "o-half feet4 ,betwe5 ?is pa?way & ! sides ( ! build+ !re is only an e>!n floor1 b x is q dry1 z ! cell> is p]fectly dra9$4 ,?ree v5tilators sixte5 feet ap>t _h be5 built 9 ! top ( ! ar*1 b ?is 0 a mi/ake1 z ! cond5sation 9 ! cell> 9 w9t] f ^! v5tilators always keeps ! place "u !m cold & wet & r unproductive4 ,"o tall wood5 *imney-l %aft w\ld h be5 a bett] v5tilator ?an ! ?ree v5tilat+ holes n[ !re1 :i* are cov]$ ov] ) an iron & glass grat+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4 ,,gr\nd ,,plan ,,( ,,! ,,dosoris ,,cell>4 ,at "o end ( ! h\se & beh9d ! /airs desc5d+ into ! pit is ! heat+ app>atus1 f :i* a f\r-in* hot-wat] pipe passes ar\nd inside ! h\se ne> ! wall & only f\r in*es above gr\nd4 ,a ?ree-feet wide hemlock floor+ = ! b$ to re/ on is laid along ea* side & ab\t f\r in*es above ! pipe1 leav+ ! ap]ture betwe5 ! e>? floor & ! bottom ( ! b$ along ! pa?way op5 = ! escape ( ! artificial heat4 ,"o might ?9k t ! hot wat] pipe "u1 & s ne> ! b$1 w\ld dry x up & de/roy x1 b su* is n ! case4 ,9 a cell> ( ?is k9d v little fire heat is ne$$ to ma9ta9 ! requir$ temp]ature1 & ,i d n "k :]e else ! pipes c\ld be put :]e !y w\ld d ! "w any bett] & be m out ( ! way4 ,^! b$s1 = conv5i5ce 9 build+ !m1 spawn+ !m1 mold+ !m ov]1 ga!r+ ! crop & wat]+ ! b$s1 & remov+ ! manure aft] ! b$s are exhau/$1 are built aga9/ ! wall & ) a r\nd$ face1 ?us giv+ a ?ree & "o-half feet wide surface ( b$ 9 place ( "o ?ree feet wide1 7 x built flat4 ,?is ga9 9 sup]ficial area is n s important z x might seem1 = ! "p imm$iately next to ! edge ( ! pa?way seldom yields v mu*4 ,above ^! b$s a /r+ ( %elf b$s is arrang$ :i* runs ! full l5g? ( bo? sides ( ! cell>4 ,f ! floor ( ! "u b$ to ! floor ( ! top b$ is ?ree feet1 & ! upp] b$s are j z wide z ! l[] ones4 ,! %elves = ! b$s are tempor>y affairs1 put up & tak5 d[n e ye>4 ,! cross-b>s re/ 9 sockets 9 ! wall made by cutt+ out half a brick e f\r feet along ! wall1 & on upright /rips or feet "o & "o-f\r? by f\r in*es wide1 or two by ?ree in*es1 set "u ! inside ends ( ! cross-b>s & re/+ on ! cem5t floor close up aga9/ ! l[] b$4 ,by hav+ ?is foot end a qu>t] ( an in* high] ?an ! wall end ! heavy weight ( ! b$ is ?r[n t[>d ! wall4 ,loose hemlock bo>ds set close toge!r =m ! floor+1 = !re is no ne$ ( nail+ any ( !m except ! "o next to ! upright face bo>d1 :i* is t5 in*es wide1 & nail$ along ! front1 by ! pa?way1 to ! po/s & %elf bo>d4 ,by tilt+ ! weight to ! wall ! upright bo>d is firm en\gh to hold its place aga9/ any press+ out 9 build+ ! b$s4 ,! support+ legs ( ! %elves are also nail$ to ! face bo>d ( ! l[] b$1 & ?is holds !m p]fectly solid 9 place4 ,! %elf b$s are eight in*es deep at front1 b c be made ( any dep? desir$ aga9/ ! walls at ! back4 ,! cold wall has no injuri\s effect ^u ! be>+ ( ! b$1 & _m f9e mu%rooms gr[ close aga9/ ! walls4 ,! entrance pits are n9e & "o-half feet deep f gr\nd level1 ?ree feet eight in*es wide1 n9e feet long1 & are cov]$ ov] ) fold+ doors on /rong h+es1 & desc5d$ into by means ( wood5 movable /airs4 ,^! dim5sions are ne$$ at ! end :]e ! heat+ app>atus is plac$1 b at ! o!r end1 al?\gh x is conv5i5t 9 h&l+ ! manure1 a space two or ?ree feet less w\ld h answ]$ j z well4 ,a close door at ei!r end ( ! mu%room cell> prop] sep>ates x f ! end pits4 ,! cell> is divid$ 9 ! middle by a p>tition4 ,?is gives1 :5 x is 9 full work+ ord]1 eight b$s1 ea* ?irty-"o & "o-half feet long1 or a cont9u\s run ( #beb feet or #gef squ>e feet ( surface1 & z ! b$s are r5ew$ twice a ye> ?is gives #ejd runn+ feet ( b$1 or #aeab squ>e feet ( surface4 ,a common av]age crop is ?ree-fif?s ( a p\nd ( mu%rooms to ! squ>e foot ( b$1 & a good fair av]age is f\r-fif?s ( a p\nd4 ,?is w\ld give ov] a ?\s& p\nds ( mu%rooms a season f ?is cell> :5 x is 9 full runn+ capacity4 ,b z ! aim is to h a /eady supply ( mu%rooms f ,octob] until ,may1 & n a flu% at any "o "t & a sc>city at ano!r1 only two b$s are made at a "t1 all[+ a mon? to int]v5e betwe5 e two4 ,= ! two b$s1 ,no4 #a1 prep>+ ! manure beg9s 9 ,july1 ! b$s are made up 9 ,augu/1 & ga!r+ ( ! crop comm5ces 9 ,octob]2 "w on ! two b$s1 ,no4 #b1 beg9s 9 ,augu/1 ! b$s are made up 9 ,septemb]1 & ! mu%rooms ga!r$ 9 ,novemb]2 prep>+ = ! two b$s1 ,no4 #c1 beg9s 9 ,septemb]1 ! b$s are made up 9 ,octob]1 ga!r+ comm5ces 9 ,decemb]2 = ! two b$s1 ,no4 #d1 "w beg9s 9 ,octob]1 ! b$s are made up 9 ,novemb]1 & ! crop is ga!r$ 9 ,janu>y2 = ! two b$s1 ,no4 #e 7,no4 #a r5ew$71 "w beg9s 9 ,novemb]1 ! b$s are made up 9 ,decemb]1 & ! crop is ga!r$ 9 ,febru>y2 = ! two b$s1 ,no4 #f 7,no4 #b r5ew$71 "w beg9s 9 ,decemb]1 ! b$s are made up 9 ,janu>y1 & ! crop is ga!r$ 9 ,m>*2 = ! two b$s1 ,no4 #g 7,no4 #c r5ew$71 "w beg9s 9 ,janu>y1 ! b$s are made up 9 ,febru>y1 & ! crop is ga!r$ 9 ,april2 = ! two b$s1 ,no4 #h 7,no4 #d r5ew$71 "w beg9s 9 ,febru>y1 ! b$s are made up 9 ,m>*1 & ! mu%rooms ga!r$ 9 ,may4 ,aft] ?is "t ( ye> ! summ] heat r5d]s mu%room-gr[+ unc]ta91 & ! maggots de/roy ! mu%rooms4 ,?is sy/em all[s ea* b$ a be>+ p]iod ( two mon?s4 ,aft] yield+ a crop = "s sev5 to n9e weeks ! b$s are pretty well exhau/$ & h>dly wor? reta9+ long]4 ,!y might drag along 9 a desultory way = weeks1 b z soon z !y /op yield+ a pay+ crop we cle> !m out & />t afre%4 ,& :5 ! mu%room season is clos$ we lift out & remove ! manure1 clean ! bo>ds us$ 9 %elv+1 & give ! cell> a ?or\gh clean+1--:itewa% its walls & pa9t its woodwork ) k]os5e to de/roy noxi\s insects & fungi4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4 ,,base-,,burn+ ,,wat] ,,heat]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f4 ,,v]tical ,,section4 ,! heat+ app>atus consi/s ( "o ( ,hit*+s' base-burn] boil]s ) a f\r-in* hot-wat] pipe t passes ar\nd inside ! cell>1 & x des]ves special m5tion because ( its economy1 effici5cy1 & ! satisfaction x gives g5]ally4 ,?is boil] ne$s no deep or spaci\s /oke-hole4 ,"h x is set "u ! /airway 9 a pit f\r & "o-half feet long1 by ?ree feet wide1 by eighte5 in*es deep2 x is n 9 ! way1 & !re is pl5ty ( room to att5d to x4 ,! heat]1 l a common p>lor /ove1 has a magaz9e = ! supply ( coal4 ,x has a d\ble cas+ ) ! wat] space betwe5 & d[n to ! bottom ( x1 s t :5 set 9 a %all[ pit !re is no difficulty :atev] ab\t ! circulation ( ! wat] 9 ! pipes4 ,! hot wat] passes f ! boil] to an op5 iron tank plac$ two feet above x1 z %[n 9 ! engrav+1 & !nce d[n ?r\gh a p]p5dicul> pipe till x rea*es & ent]s ! horizontal pipes t pass ar\nd ! cell> &1 return+1 ent]s ! boil] aga9 ne> its base4 ,! boil] & pipes are fill$ f ?is tank1 :i* %\ld always be kept at lea/ half full ( wat]1 & look$ into e day :5 9 use1 s t :5 ! wat] gets l[] ?an half full x may be fill$ up aga94 ,ab\t #acd runn+ feet ( f\r-in* pipe are includ$ inside ! cell> 7sixty-f\r feet on ea* side & six feet across at fur!r end72 ?is gives #acd squ>e feet ( heat+ surface1 or a proportion ( ab\t a squ>e foot ( heat+ surface = e fifte5 cubic feet ( air space 9 ! cell>4 ,?is proportion is m ?an ample 9 ! colde/ wea!r1 b b5eficial 9 s f> t !re is no ne$ to fire h>d to ma9ta9 ! prop] temp]ature4 ,a ?ree-in* pipe w\ld h giv5 heat en\gh1 b ! heat w\ld n h be5 s /eady4 ,bo? nut & /ove coal is us$ 9 ?is heat]1 & 9 ! sev]e/ w9t] wea!r x burns n m ?an a common hodful 9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,x is s easily regulat$ t ! temp]ature ( ! cell> day or night1 or 9 mild or sev]e wea!r1 nev] v>ies m ?an ?ree degrees1 namely f #eg to #fj4 ,9 a close und]gr\nd cell> :]e ! temp]ature 9 midw9t] )\t any artificial heat does n fall bel[ #dj or #de x is an easy matt]1 ) su* a heat] z ?is is1 to ma9ta9 any desir$ temp]ature4 ,if ! grates are r5ew$ n[ & !n1 ! heat] %\ld la/ 9 good condition = tw5ty ye>s4 ,) ! ord9>y /ove !re is dang] ( fire1 ( escap+ gas & ( sudd5 *anges ( temp]ature1 & ! evil influ5ce ( a dry1 p>*+ heat--j :at mu%rooms mo/ dislike--is ev] pres5t4 ,! fir/ co/ ( a hot wat] app>atus may be m ?an t ( an old /ove & %eet iron pipes1 b :]e mu%rooms are gr[n ext5sively1 z a matt] ( economy1 effici5cy1 & conv5i5ce1 ! advantages are altoge!r on ! side ( ! hot wat] app>atus4 ,fur!rmore1 hot wat] pipes c be run :]e x w\ld be unsafe to put smoke pipes4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,gr[+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,mu%room ,,h\ses4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #g4 ,,mu%room ,,h\se ,,built ,,aga9/ ,a ,,nor?-,,fac+ ,,wall4 ,a mu%room h\se is a build+ erect$ purposely = mu%room culture4 ,x may be :olly or p>tly above gr\nd1 & built ( wood1 brick1 or /one1 & ext5d to any desir$ dim5sions4 ,b a few g5]al pr9ciples %\ld be borne 9 m9d4 ,mu%rooms 9 h\ses are a w9t] & n a summ] crop1 & !y are impati5t ( sudd5 *anges ( temp]ature & ( a hot or arid atmosph]e4 ,!re=e1 build ! h\ses :]e !y w be w>m & well-%elt]$ 9 w9t]1 s z to get ! advantage ( ! natural w>m?1 & sp>e ! artificial heat4 ,!y %\ld be ent]$ f an adjo9+ build+1 or ?r\gh a por* on ! s\? side1 s z to gu>d aga9/ cold draughts or bla/s 9 w9t] :5 ! door w\ld be op5$ 9 go+ into or com+ out ( ! h\se4 ,at ! same "t1 d n lose sight ( conv5i5ce 9 h&l+ ! manure1 ei!r 9 br++ x into ! h\se or tak+ x out1 & ) ?is 9 view x may be necess>y to h a door op5+ to ! outside4 ,all outside doors %\ld be d\ble & securely pack$ ar\nd 9 w9t]4 ,side w9d[ v5tilators are n necess>y1 at ! same "t !y are useful 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! season & 9 summ] "t2 !y %\ld be d\ble & tightly pack$ 9 w9t]4 ,! walls1 if made ( brick1 %\ld be holl[1 if ( wood1 d\ble2 inde$1 walls built z if = an ice h\se are ! v be/ = a mu%room h\se1 & %\ld be bank$ ) e>?1 tree leaves1 or /rawy manure 9 w9t]1 to help keep ! int]ior ( ! h\se a little w>m]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #h4 ,,section ,,( ,,mrs4 ,c4 ,j4 ,,osborne',s ,,mu%room ,,h\se4 ,! floor %\ld be p]fectly dry2 t is1 s well dra9$ t wat] w n /& ^u x1 b x is immat]ial :e!r ! floor is an ord9>y e>!n "o or ( wood or cem5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #i4 ,,gr\nd ,,plan ,,( ,,mrs4 ,,osborne',s ,,mu%room ,,h\se4 ,! ro( %\ld be d\ble & always slop+1--nev] flat4 ,! ho> fro/ t appe>s 9 sev]e wea!r inside a s+le ro( is likely to melt z ! heat ( ! day increases1 & ?is cold drip fall+ ^u ! b$s bel[ is v prejudicial to ! mu%room crop4 ,a d\ble ro( saves ! b$s f ?is drip1 & x also r5d]s ! h\se w>m]1 & less fire is ne$$ to ma9ta9 ! requisite temp]ature4 ,"o might ?9k t a s+le ro( l t ( a dwell+ h\se1 & !n a flat ceil+ "u x1 w\ld be equival5t to a d\ble slop+ ro(1 b x is n4 ,! moi/ure aris+ f ! int]ior ( ! h\se cond5ses ^u ! flat ceil+1 & ! wat]1 hav+ no way ( runn+ (f1 drips d[n ^u ! b$s4 ,) a slop+ ceil+ or inside ro( ! wat] runs d[n ! ceil+ to ! walls4 ,a v po9t$ example ( ?is may be se5 9 ,mrs4 ,c4 ,j4 ,osborne's excell5t mu%room h\se at ,mam>oneck1 ,n4 ,y4 ,x _h be5 built 9 ! mo/ sub/antial mann]1 ) a slop+ ro( & a flat ceil+ "u ! ro(1 b s mu* annoyance 0 caus$ by ! drip fall+ f x ^u ! b$s bel[ t h] g>d5] _h ! flat ceil+ remov$ & a slop+ "o built in/ead1 & n[ x works spl5didly1 & a few mon?s ago ,i saw z f9e a crop ( mu%rooms 9 t h\se z "o c\ld wi% to look at4 ,! int]ior arrangem5t ( ! mu%room h\se may resemble t ( ! mu%room cell>4 ,b$s may be made alongside ( ! walls &1 if !re is room1 also along ! middle ( ! h\se1 & %elves erect$ 9 ! same way z 9 ! cell>4 ,b 9 ! case ( cold1 ?9 outside walls1 ! %elf-b$s %\ld n be built close aga9/ !m1 b in/ead box$ (f ab\t two in*es f ! walls1 s z to remove ! b$s f ! *ill+ t\* ( ! wall 9 w9t]4 ,economy may sugge/ ! advisability ( high mu%room h\ses1 s t "o may be able to build "o %elf above ano!r1 until ! %elves are two1 ?ree1 or f\r deep4 ,b ?is is a mi/ake4 ,! artificial heat requir$ to ma9ta9 a temp]ature ( #ee 9 midw9t] 9 a h\se built high above gr\nd w\ld be too p>*+ & un/eady = ! good ( ! mu%rooms2 besides1 a second %elf is inconv5i5t en\gh1 & :5 x comes to a ?ird or a f\r? ! inconv5i5ce w\ld be too great1 & ov]rea* any advantage hop$ = 9 economy ( space4 ,an unheat$ mu%room h\se mu/ be reg>d$ z a %$1 & treat$ simil>ly1 z describ$ 9 ! foll[+ *apt]4 ,9 l>ge1 well appo9t$1 private g>d5s1 a mu%room h\se is consid]$ an almo/ indisp5sable adjunct to ! glas%\se e/abli%m5t1 & is g5]ally built aga9/ ! nor?-fac+ wall ( a gre5h\se4 ,9 ?is way x gets ! b5efit ( ! w>m wall1 & may be easily heat$ by introduc+ "o or two hot-wat] pipes f ! gre5h\se sy/em2 besides1 9 w9t] ! h\se may be ent]$ f ! glass h\se or adjac5t %$1 & 9 ?is way be exempt$ f ! inclem5t brea? ( ! fro/y air t w\ld be admitt$ 9 op5+ ! outside door4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aj4 ,,int]ior ,,view ,,( ,,mr4 ,s4 ,,h5%aw',s ,,mu%room ,,h\se4 ,mr4 ,samuel ,h5%aw's ,mu%room ,h\se4--,mr4 ,h5%aw has rais$ mu%rooms sev]al ye>s at 8 place on ,/at5 ,isl&4 ,8 mu%room h\se is n9e feet wide & sixty feet long4 ,"o side is a brick wall & ! o!r is d\ble bo>d$4 ,! ro( is ( t91 9 :i* !re are ?ree sa%es ea* two by five feet1 supply+ ample light4 ,at ea* end is a door giv+ conv5i5t access to ! int]ior1 = c>ry+ 9 & remov+ mat]ial )\t di/urb+ ! be>+ b$s4 ,9 w9t] ! ro( is cov]$ ) a coat+ ( salt hay1 to pres]ve an equable temp]ature & prev5t ! moi/ure f cond5s+ on ! ceil+ & fall+ 9 drops on ! b$s4 ,! floor is ( e>?1 :i*1 :5 well dra9$1 he ?9ks pref]able to ei!r brick or lumb]4 ,! floor is entirely cov]$ ) b$s1 no %elves or walks be+ us$4 ,?is makes x necess>y to /ep on ! b$s1 b z no cov]+ is employ$ x is always easy to avoid /epp+ on ! clu/]s ( "y mu%rooms1 & s long z !y are left un9jur$ ! b$ is seldom1 if ev]1 impair$ by ! compact+ effect ( ! tread+4 ,9 ord] to ma9ta9 a necess>y w9t] temp]ature ( #fj a f\r-in* hot-wat] pipe ext5ds ! :ole l5g? ( ! h\se ab\t two feet f ! floor4 ,on ! o!r side ( ! brick wall is a gre5h\se :i*1 by keep+ ! wall w>m1 helps to keep ! mu%room h\se w>m4 ,mr4 ,h5%aw divides ?is h\se into ?ree equal b$s4 ,! "p at ! fur!r end ( ! h\se is made up 9 ! fall & comes into be>+ 9 ,decemb]2 ! middle "p a mon? lat] to come 9 a mon? lat]1 & ! ne> end /ill a mon? lat]1 to foll[ z ano!r succession4 ,!n1 if ne$ be1 & he wi%es to r5ew ! b$ at ! fur!r end ( ! h\se1 he cle>s x out & supplies fre% mat]ial = ! new b$4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,gr[+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,%$s4 ,any "o :o has a snug1 w>m %$1 may h a good mu%room h\se1 b x is imp]ative t ! floor %\ld be dry1 & ! ro( wat]-tight4 ,( c\rse a close %$1 z a tool-h\se or a c>riage-h\se1 is bett] ?an an op5 %$1 b ev5 a %$ t is op5 on ! s\? side1 if closely wall$ on ! o!r sides1 c also be made ( good use = mu%room b$s4 ,:ile op5 %$s are good en\gh = b$s t yield _! crop be=e ,*ri/mas1 !y are ill-adapt$ = midw9t] b$s4 ,! temp]ature ( ! int]ior ( a mu%room b$ %\ld be ab\t #fj dur+ ! be>+ p]iod1 & ! temp]ature ( ! surface ( ! b$ #de to #ej at lea/2 if l[] ?an t ! mycelium has a t5d5cy to re/1 & ! crop /agnates4 ,n[ ?is temp]ature c n be ma9ta9$ 9 an op5 %$1 9 h>d fro/y wea!r1 )\t m tr\ble ?an ! crop is wor?4 ,! b$s w\ld h to be box$ up & mul*$ v heavily4 ,& ev5 9 a close1 w>m %$1 protection 9 ?is way w\ld h to be giv51 b ! b$ %\ld n be "u ! p5etrat+ influ5ce ( pi]c+ w9ds & draughts4 ,! mu%room b$s %\ld !re=e be made 9 ! w>me/ p>ts ( ! w>me/ %$s4 ,! b$s %\ld be made ^u ! floor & z mu* to "o side z possible1 s z to be out ( ! way1 & 9 =m flat on ! gr\nd1 or r\nd$ up aga9/ ! sides ( ! %$2 9 ! latt] case ! h\se %\ld be well bank$ ar\nd on ! outside ) litt] or tree leaves or e>?1 s z to exclude fro/ f ! l[] "p ( ! walls1 & !reby prev5t ! manure 9 ! b$s f gett+ badly *ill$4 ,! b$s %\ld be made deep] 9 a cool %$ ?an 9 a cell> or w>m mu%room h\se1 s t !y may reta9 _! heat = a long "t4 ,%elf b$s %\ld n be us$ 9 unheat$ %$s1 because ( ! difficulty 9 keep+ !m w>m 9 w9t]4 ,z a rule1 %elf b$s are n made z deep z are ^? ^u ! floor2 h5ce !y d n hold _! heat s long4 ,:5 cold wea!r sets 9 x is easy to box up & cov] ov] ! l[] b$s to keep !m w>m1 b 9 ! case ( %elf b$s1 t are expos$ above & bel[1 x is m tr\ble to protect !m suffici5tly aga9/ cold ?an !y are wor?4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ! t]m %$ is appli$ to unheat$1 simple wood5 /ructures2 = in/ance1 ! wood-%$1 ! tool-%$1 a c>riage-h\se1 or a hay-b>n4 ,b we (t5 use ! "n %$ to designate heat$ build+s1 z ! pott+ & pack+ %$s ( flori/s4 ,7 x n t ^! heat$ %$s are simply workrooms1 & :]e !re is a great deal ( go+ out & 91 &1 consequ5tly1 draughts & sudd5 & frequ5t fluctuations ( temp]ature1 ! treatm5t ( mu%room b$s made 9 !m w\ld be ! same z t advis$ = regul> mu%room h\ses2 b z ! circum/ances are some:at diff]5t ! treatm5t1 too1 %\ld n be ! same4 ,a w>m pott+ %$ is an excell5t place = mu%room b$s4 ,"h !y %\ld be made "u ! b5*es & cov]$ up 9 front ) ?ick calico1 plant-protect+ clo?1 or light wood5 %utt]s1 to exclude cold curr5ts & sudd5 atmosph]ic *anges1 & gu>d aga9/ ! b$s dry+ too quickly4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,gr[+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,gre5h\ses4 ,any "o :o has a gre5h\se c gr[ mu%rooms 9 x4 ,& x does n matt] :at k9d ( gre5h\se x is1 :e!r a fruit h\se1 a fl[] h\se1 or a vegetable h\se1 x is available = mu%rooms4 ,"o ( ! advantages ( rais+ mu%rooms 9 a gre5h\se is t !y gr[ to p]fection 9 p>ts ( ! gre5h\se t are ne>ly wor?less = o!r purposes2 = in/ance1 "u ! /ages1 :]e no?+ else gr[s well1 al?\gh rhub>b & asp>agus might be =c$ !re1 & a little *icory & d&elion blan*$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aa4 ,,box$ ,,mu%room ,,b$ ,,"u ,,gre5h\se ,,b5*4 ,cool gre5h\ses1 9 all cases1 are bett] = mu%rooms ?an ho?\ses4 ,cool h\ses are seldom kept at a l[] temp]ature ?an #de or #ej 9 w9t]1 :ile ho?\ses run f #fj to #gj at night1 ) a rise ( t5 to tw5ty degrees by day1 & ?is is too hot = mu%rooms4 ,x is a v easy matt]1 by means ( cov]+ ) hay or box+ ov] & cov]+ ! box+ ) hay or matt+1 to keep a mu%room b$ 9 a cool h\se w>m & free f m>k$ *anges 9 temp]ature2 b x is a difficult matt] to keep a mu%room b$ 9 a ho?\se cool en\gh & prev5t sudd5 rises 9 temp]ature4 ,on ,gre5h\se ,b5*es4--,x sometimes happ5s t ! b$s are =m$ on ! gre5h\se b5*es1 & ! mu%rooms occupy ! same place t might be assign$ to roses or any o!r plant$-out crop4 ,! b$s on ! b5*es are made "o bo>d deep1 t is1 eight to t5 in*es ( %ort1 fre% manure1 & o!rwise z 9 ! case ( b$s any:]e else4 ,aft] ! b$s are spawn$ & cas$ ) soil1 by cov]+ !m ov] ) a lay] ( /raw litt] or hay1 sudd5 dry+ out ( ! surface is prev5t$1 & 9 ord] to fur!r prev5t ?is dry+ x is a good plan to spr9kle "s wat] ov] ! mul*+ e day or two1 b n en\gh to soak ?r\gh into ! b$4 ,ab\t ! "t ! "y mu%rooms comm5ce to %[ !mselves1 remove ! mul*+ & replace x ) a cov]+ ( %utt]s rais$ ano!r bo>d's height above ! b$1 or ) /rong calico or plant-protect+ clo? hung curta9-fa%ion ov] ! b$s4 ,! accompany+ illu/ration1 ,fig4 #ab1 = :i* ,i am indebt$ to ,h5ry ,a4 ,dre]1 ( ,philadelphia1 gives an excell5t idea ( h[ mu%rooms may be gr[n & c>$ = on gre5h\se b5*es4 ,?is illu/ration1 ,mr4 ,dre] writes3 is made f a photograph ( a crop gr[n on ! gre5h\se b5*es at ! ,model ,f>m1 by ,mr4 ,mc,caffrey1 g>d5] to ,j4 ,e4 ,k+sley1 ,esq41 ( ! ,cont95tal ,hotel4444 ,no cov]+ ( litt] is us$1 b ! requisite %ad+ on sunny days is secur$ by ! use ( cotton clo? /ret*$ ov] ! top ( ! b$1 z %[n 9 ! engrav+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ab4 ,,mu%rooms ,,gr[n ,,on ,,gre5h\se ,,b5*es ,,at ,,mr4 ,j4 ,e4 ,,k+sley',s ,,model ,,f>m4 ,my pr9cipal objection to mu%room b$s on gre5h\se b5*es is _! liability to frequ5t & m>k$ *anges ( atmosph]ic temp]ature & moi/ure1 & to dry+ out4 ,9 midw9t] !y may be all "r1 b z spr+ advances & ! sun's brightness & heat increase1 ! susceptibility ( ! b$s to become dry also increases4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ac4 ,,wide ,,b$ ,,) ,,pa?way ,,above4 ,9 ,frames 9 ! ,gre5h\ses4--,mr4 ,j4 ,g4 ,g>dn] has a range ( gre5h\ses "s #ijj feet long--! longe/ unbrok5 /r+ ( glas%\ses t ,i "k (--= ! =c+ ( fruit & vegetables 9 w9t]2 grapes1 pea*es1 nect>9es1 figs1 tomatoes1 cucumb]s1 snap beans1 peas1 lettuce4 ,?is range is divid$ into sev]al comp>tm5ts1 to accommodate ! diff]5t v>ieties ( crops1 also s t "s c be run z succession h\ses4 ,9 ord] to make ! mo/ ( ev]y?+1 m>ket-g>d5]-l1 he d\bles up 8 crops :]ev] possible1 & = ?is end he f9ds no crop m am5able & pr(itable ?an mu%rooms4 ,x matt]s no?+ to him :e!r ! h\se is cold or w>m1 he c gr[ mu%rooms 9 x anyway1 & 9 ord] to be ma/] ( ! situation he makes 8 mu%room b$s 9 hotb$ frames inside ! gre5h\ses4 ,by att5d+ to v5tilat+ or keep+ close1 or cov]+ up or leav+ b>e1 he c prop]ly regulate ! temp]ature ( ! mu%room b$1 no matt] h[ hot or cold ! atmosph]e ( ! gre5h\se may be4 ,9 ! same way--by %ad+ ! panes or un%ad+ !m--he gov]ns ! light admitt$ to ! mu%rooms4 ,! gre5h\ses 9 :i* ! mu%rooms are gr[n are or*>d h\ses1 t is1 glas%\ses 9 :i* pea* & nect>9e trees are gr[n & =c$4 ,z ^! trees fruit & f9i% _! gr[? e>ly1 x is necess>y t !y be kept z cool & inactive z possible 9 ! fall & e>ly w9t]1 & />t$ aga9 into gr[? 9 late w9t]4 ,9 ! fall1 !re=e1 ! f]m5t+ mat]ial be+ conf9$ 9 frames reta9s w>m? en\gh = ! prop] developm5t ( ! mu%rooms1 & z ! w9t] advances & ! heat 9 ! frames beg9s to wane x becomes necess>y to beg9 heat+ ! gre5h\ses 9 ord] to />t ! trees into bloom & gr[?1 & ?us are provid$ v favorable conditions = ! cont9u$ production ( ! mu%room crop4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ad4 ,,mu%rooms ,,on ,,gre5h\se ,,b5*es ,,"u ,,tomatoes4 ,! frames us$ are common hotb$ box frames sev5 feet wide & c>ry+ ?ree & "o-half feet wide sa%es4 ,a /r+ ( !m is run along ! middle ( ! gre5h\ses1 = gre5h\se aft] gre5h\se is occupi$ by !m4 ,!y are flat ^u ! floor1 & 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! season alone 9 ! gre5h\ses4 ,b z ! w9t] advances a tempor>y /ag+ is erect$ ov] ^! frames1 on :i* spirz1 peas1 beans1 or o!r fl[]s or vegetables are to be gr[n4 ,^! love ! light & a position ne> ! glass1 :]eas ! mu%rooms gr[ p]fectly well 9 ! d>k qu>t]s ( ! frames "u ! /ages4 ,if he did n gr[ mu%rooms "u ^! /ages ! room w\ld be unoccupi$1 h5ce unproductive2 b by occupy+ x ) mu%rooms he n only gets pea*es & snap beans at once out ( ! same gre5h\se1 b also a crop ( mu%rooms1 (t5 wor? z mu* z ! o!r two4 ,9 prep>+ ! b$s 9 ! frames !y 7 made up a foot deep1 v firm1 & ) ,new ,york /able manure br\ght direct f ! c>s4 ,!re 0 no prelim9>y prep>ation ( ! manure4 ,a lay] ( loam "o & "o-half in*es deep 0 !n spread ov] ! surface & =k$ into ! b$ ( manure "o & "o-half in*es deep1 s z to =m an e>?y mat ?ree in*es deep4 ,?is 0 !n pack$ solid ) ! feet1 & a two-in* lay] ( loose manure add$ all ov]4 ,9 ab\t t5 days ! temp]ature ?ree in*es bel[ ! surface 0 ab\t #ie1 & ! b$s 7 !n spawn$4 ,9 spawn+1 drills 7 drawn across ! b$s ab\t a foot ap>t & j deep en\gh to t\* b n p5etrate ! e>?y mat be=e ref]r$ to4 ,! brok5 spawn 0 !n s[n 9 ! drills & cov]$ ) a lay] ( loam "o & "o-half to two in*es deep1 :i* 0 tamp$ slightly4 ,! sa%es 7 !n put on & tilt$ up a little to let ! moi/ure escape4 ,by ! "t ! mu%rooms appe>$ !re 0 v little ne$ ( v5tilat+1 z ! cond5sation ( moi/ure on ! glass 0 sc>cely app>5t2 b v5tilation is easily guid$ by ! appe>ance ( moi/ure on ! glass1 ! m ( ?is ! m v5tilation %\ld be giv54 ,to beg9 )1 !re 0 no attempt at %ad+ ! frames2 b z soon z ! mu%rooms began to appe> ! b$s 7 %ad$1 & mo/ly by ! crops ( o!r plants on ! /ages above !m4 ,^! frame b$s 7 made up la/ ,octob]1 & began be>+ 9 ,decemb]1 & on ,m>* #ad ,mr4 ,g>dn] wrote me3 ,! mu%rooms 9 my frames h done gr&ly4 ,i cut l>ge basketfuls to-day ( ! f9e/ mu%rooms ,i h ev] se51 "s ( !m measur+ five in*es 9 diamet] be=e be+ fully exp&$4 ,& fur!r1 9 submitt+ ! above notes to him = v]ification1 he adds3 ,!re is "o vital po9t we %\ld impress ^u all :o gr[ mu%rooms 9 frames or "u gre5h\se b5*es1 namely1 t sudd5 *anges ( temp]ature mu/ be avoid$4 ,:ile light1 9 my op9ion1 is good = mu%rooms1 x causes a rise ( temp]ature1 & ?is we mu/ gu>d aga9/4 ,9 ord] to ma9ta9 a uni=m temp]ature all glass expos$ to light or heat 9 any o!r way %\ld be cov]$ ) "s non-conduct+ mat]ial4 ,rye /raw is ! be/ ?+ = ?is purpose t ,i "k (4 ,inde$1 neglect ( ?is simple matt]1 9 cases :]e sunlight & heat f hot-wat] pipes come 9 contact ) ! "y mu%rooms or mycelium on ! surface ( ! b$s1 is ! cause ( _m failures 9 gr[+ 9 frames & gre5h\ses4 ,"u ,gre5h\se ,b5*es4--,op5 empty spaces "u ! /ages any:]e are good places = mu%room b$s4 ,h[ev]1 c>efully obs]ve a few po9ts1 to wit3 ,a dry floor "u ! b$s is imp]ative1 = a wet floor soaks & *ills ! b$s1 & r5d]s !m unheal?y = ! spawn2 b ! common e>? floor is good en\gh1 provid$ wat] does n /& ^u x at any "t2 if x does1 ! floor to be "u ! b$s c be r5d]$ dry by rais+ x a little high] ?an ! g5]al level1 or us+ a floor+ ( old bo>ds4 ,b$s %\ld n be built close up aga9/ hot-wat] pipes1 /eam pipes1 or smoke flues1 z ! heat f ^! :5 !y are 9 work+ condition w bake ! p>ts ( ! b$s next to !m & r5d] !m unproductive1 & also crack & spoil ! caps ( ! mu%rooms t come up )9 a foot or two ( ! pipes4 ,b ?is injury f hot pipes & flues c be less5$ greatly by box+ ! pipes1 s z to %ut (f ! heat f ! mu%room b$s & all[+ x full escape upw>d2 !n ! b$s c be made1 ) safety1 up to )9 a foot ( ! pipes4 ,z a rule1 hot-wat] pipes are run ar\nd "u ! front b5*es ( a gre5h\se1 !n x w\ld n be advisable to make b$s "u ^? b5*es4 ,! middle b5* is ! "o mo/ commonly free f pipes1 h5ce ! "o be/ adapt$ = b$s4 ,x has m headroom1 & !re=e easi] work+ facilities4 ,/eam-heat$ gre5h\ses g5]ally pres5t ! be/ accommodations = mu%room b$s1 because ! pipes occupy less room "u ! b5*es ?an d ^? = hot wat]1 & !y are always kept high] f ! gr\nd4 ,among ,o!r ,plants on ,gre5h\se ,b5*es4--,x sometimes happ5s t mu%rooms spr+ up spontane\sly among ! roses1 c>nations1 violets1 mignonette1 & o!r crops t are gr[n plant$ out on ! b5*es1 & ?is is p>ticul>ly ! case :]e fre% soil _h j be5 us$1 9 :ole or "p1 = fill+ ! b5* b$s4 ,^! mu%rooms come f natural spawn conta9$ 9 ! loam or manure be=e !y 7 br\ght indoors1 & :i* is apt to be true virg9 spawn4 ,! mu%rooms are g5]ally ( ! common k9d1 gr[n f brick spawn1 b occasionally a mu* l>g] & heavi] sort is produc$1 & ?is is ! horse mu%room4 ,x is p]fectly good to eat1 only ( co>s] quality ?an ! o!r4 ,a fair & c]ta9 crop c be obta9$ by plant+ pieces ( spawn 9 ! b$s "h & !re betwe5 ! plants & :]e !y w be lea/ likely to be soak$ ) wat]4 ,9 ord] to fur!r insure ! developm5t ( ! spawn1 holes ab\t ! size ( a p9t cup %\ld be scoop$ out "h & !re ov] ! b$1 & fill$ up solidly ) q fre% b dry horse dropp+s1 ) ! piece ( spawn 9 ! middle1 & cov]$ ov] on top ) an in* ( loam1 s z to leave ! :ole surface ( ! b$ level4 ,s small a quantity ( dry manure surr\nd$ ) cold e>? w n heat p]ceptibly1 & ! moi/ure ( ! loam ab\t x w soon moi/5 x1 no matt] h[ dry x may be4 ,! dry1 fre% dropp+s are ! v be/ mat]ial = />t+ ! mycelium into gr[?4 ,gr[+ ,mu%rooms 9 ,rose ,h\ses4--,george ,savage1 ! head g>d5] at ,mr4 ,kimball's gre5h\ses1 ,ro*e/]1 ,n4 ,y41 gr[s mu%rooms v successfully "u ! b5*es ( ! rose h\ses4 ,:5 he makes up 8 e>lie/ mu%room b$s 9 ! fall ! rose h\se is kept cool1 & ?is is an advantage to ! mu%room b$s1 :i* get all ! w>m? !y ne$ f ! f]m5t+ manure2 b z ,novemb] advances1 & ! heat 9 ! b$s beg9s to wane ! rose h\ses are />t$1 & ?is artificial w>m? comes 9 good season to b5efit ! gr[+ mu%rooms4 ,! roses1 9 ?is case1 are plant$ out on b5*es1 h5ce !re is sc>cely any dripp+ ( wat] f above ^u ! mu%room b$s bel[4 ,mr4 ,george ,grant1 ( ,mam>oneck1 ,n4 ,y41 :o gr[s mu%rooms 9 ! gre5h\se1 ,i call$ to see la/ ,janu>y1 & 0 v mu* pleas$ ) 8 simple & successful me?od4 ,! b$s 7 !n 9 f9e be>+1 v full1 & ! crop 0 ( ! be/ quality4 ,! b$s 7 made ^u ! e>!n floor ( 8 tomato-=c+ h\se & "u ! back b5*4 ,! b$ 0 flat1 sev5 to eight in*es deep1 ) a cas+ ( a t5-in*-wide hemlock bo>d set on edge at ! back1 & ano!r ( same size aga9/ ! front4 ,! b$ 0 made ( horse dropp+s1 six in*es deep1 & mold$ ov] ) fre% loam "o & "o-half in* deep4 ,ov] ! :ole1 & re/+ on ! edges ( ! hemlock bo>ds1 0 a light cov]+ ( o!r bo>ds1 ) a spr9kl+ ( hay on top ( !m to arre/ & %$ drip1 & ma9ta9 an equable temp]ature 9 ! b$4 ,mr4 ,abram ,van ,sicl51 ( ,jamaica1 ,long ,isl&1 is "o ( ! l>ge/ mu%room gr[]s = m>ket 9 ! c\ntry1 z well z "o ( ! mo/ ext5sive gr[]s ( m>ket-g>d5 truck "u glass ar\nd ,new ,york4 ,he devotes an imm5se area "u 8 lettuce-h\se b5*es to ! cultivation ( mu%rooms4 ,! b$s are made ^u ! floor 9 ! usual way1 only = conv5i5ce' sake1 to admit ( pl5ty ( room 9 mak+ up ! b$s & ga!r+ ! crop1 besides avoid+ ! necessity = build+ high] /ructures ?an ! ord9>y lettuce gre5h\ses1 ! mu%room b$s are sunk5 ab\t eighte5 to tw5ty-f\r in*es "u ! level ( ! pa?ways4 ,z ! lettuces are plant$ out ^u ! b5*es !re is v little drip f !m1 h5ce ! sunk5 b$s are well en\gh4 ,& ! temp]ature ( a lettuce h\se is ab\t "r = a long-la/+ mu%room b$4 ,light is exclud$ by a simple cov]+ ( salt hay laid ov] ! b$s1 & sometimes by light wood5 %utt]s set up aga9/ ! ap]ture betwe5 ! lettuce b5*es & ! floor1 9 ?is way box+ 9 ! mu%rooms 9 total d>kness4 ,mr4 ,william ,wilson1 ( ,a/oria1 has an imm5se gre5h\se e/abli%m5t ne> ,new ,york4 ,9 8 gre5h\ses1 "u bo? ! side & middle b5*es1 he gr[s mu%rooms1 & :5 ,i saw !m 9 ,janu>y !re 7 ab\t #cjj squ>e y>ds ( b$s4 ,! b$s 7 flat1 ab\t n9e in*es ?ick1 built ^u ! gr\nd1 & protect$ f /rong light by hav+ musl9 tack$ ov] ! op5+s betwe5 ! b5*es & ! b$s alongside ! pa?ways4 ,b 8 crop 0 suff]+ f drip4 ,mr4 ,wilson told me he c\ld n beg9 to supply ! dem&4 ,he says :atev] he makes on mu%rooms is mo/ly cle> ga94 ,!y occupy space t o!rwise w\ld rema9 unoccupi$1 & he ne$s ! manure & ! loam 9 8 flori/ bus9ess1 & x is 9 bett] condition = pott+ aft] x has be5 rott$ 9 ! mu%room b$s ?an x 0 be=e x 0 us$ = ?is purpose4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ae4 ,,mr4 ,,wm4 ,,wilson',s ,,mu%room ,,b$s4 ,drip f ! ,b5*es4--,?is mu/ be prev5t$ f ! b$s above1 else x w soak or *ill1 & 9 a l>ge measure kill ! spawn4 ,i h se5 _m examples ( ?is evil4 ,! b$s w\ld be full ( drip holes all ov] _! surface1 & al?\gh a good _m mu%rooms "h & !re ab\t ! b$ might p]fect !mselves1 multitudes only rea* ! p9-head condition--or possibly ! size ( peas--& !n fogg (f 9 pat*es4 ,x is n "o or two little mu%rooms 9 a clump t fogg (f1 b :]e "o foggs (f all ( ! little ones 9 t pat* g1 = x is n a disease ( ! individual mu%room1 b ( ! mycelium or mu%room plant t runs 9 ! b$1 & :5 ?is is injur$ or kill$ all ! little mu%rooms aris+ f ?is p>ticul> pat* ( plant are robb$ ( su/5ance & mu/ p]i%4 ,9 gre5h\ses :]e ! b5*es are occupi$ ) roses1 c>nations1 b\v>dias1 violets1 or lettuces1 plant$ out1 z comm]cial flori/s & g>d5]s g5]ally gr[ !m1 !re is v little drip1 because :ile ! plants on ^! b5*es are freely wat]$1 ! soil is nev] soak$ en\gh = ! wat] to dra9 f x 9 dripp+ /reamlets1 z is cont9ually ! case 9 gre5h\ses :]e pott$ plants are gr[n on ! /ages4 ,"u ^! plant$ out b5*es1 if c>e is ex]cis$1 mu%rooms c be gr[n 9 op5 b$s2 9 fact1 x is ab\t ! be/ place & condition = !m 9 a gre5h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #af4 ,,mu%room ,,b$ ,,built ,,flat ,,^u ,,! ,,gr\nd4 ,) /ages occupi$ by plants 9 pots provision ne$s to be made to w>d (f ! drip f ! mu%room b$s1 by erect+ ov]1 & conv5i5tly high above !m1 a light wood5 framework1 on :i* re/ light wood5 frames cov]$ ) oil$ pap]1 oil$ musl91 or plant-protect+ clo?4 ,9 fact1 ?ree light wood5 /rips run ov] ! b$1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ab1 or ?ree /r+s ( /\t cord or wire run 9 ! same mann] w answ] = small b$s1 & act z a support = ! oil$ musl9 or plant-protect+ clo?4 ,build+ pap] is sometimes us$ = ! same purpose4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,g4 ,g>dn] uses ord9>y hotb$ frames & sa%es1 z describ$ 9 a previ\s *apt]4 ,light wood5 %utt]s--made ( "o-half in* or five-eigh?s in* p9e--may be us$ = ! same end1 & w la/ = _m ye>s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ag4 ,,ridg$ ,,mu%room ,,b$4 ,! b$s "u ! gre5h\se b5*es may be made up 9 ! same way z are b$s any:]e else2 t is1 flat ^u ! floor & betwe5 two bo>ds set on edge1 z se5 9 ,fig4 #af1 or 9 ridges "u ! high or middle b5*es1 z 9 ,fig4 #ag1 or 9 bank$ b$s aga9/ ! back wall1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ah4 ,g5]ally ! flat b$ is ! mo/ conv5i5t to make & take c>e (4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ah4 ,,bank$ ,,b$ ,,aga9/ ,a ,,wall4 ,9 op51 airy gre5h\ses x is always well to inclose ! mu%room b$s 9 box cas+s & ) sa% or %utt] cov]+s1 to prev5t draughts & fluctuations ( temp]ature & atmosph]ic moi/ure4 ,?is c easily be done by mak+ ! sides a bo>d & a half 7fifte5 in*es71 or two bo>ds 7tw5ty in*es7 high1 & cov]+ ov] ) light wood5 %utt]s1 sa%es1 or musl9 or pap]-cov]$ light frames4 ,see ,fig4 #aa4 ,ammonia ,aris+4--,ammonia aris+ f ! manure ( ! mu%room b$s 9 ! gre5h\se may be injuri\s to ! o!r inmates ( ! gre5h\se4 ,if ! manure has be5 well prep>$ be=e x 0 introduc$ into ! gre5h\se1 ! ammonia aris+ f x w n1 9 ! lea/ degree1 injure any o!r plants or fl[]s t may be 9 ! h\se2 b if ! manure is fre%1 hot1 & rank1 ! opposite w be ! case4 ,b$s 9 gre5h\ses %\ld always be made up ( manure t has be5 well prep>$ be=eh& out ( doors or 9 a %$1 & z x is br\ght into ! gre5h\se x %\ld at once be built solidly into ! b$s4 ,!n v little /eam w arise f ! b$s2 9 fact1 x w be imp]ceptible to sight or smell4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,gr[+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,! ,,fields4 ,"u suitable conditions we c gr[ mu%rooms easily & abundantly 9 ! op5 fields1 & ! plant+ ( ! spawn is all ! tr\ble !y w cause u4 ,dur+ ! late summ] & fall mon?s mu%rooms (t5 appe> spontane\sly & 9 great quantity 9 our op5 pa/ures1 b 9 _! natural condition !y are an unc]ta9 crop1 z 9 "o ye> !y may occur 9 ! greate/ abundance1 & 9 ! next p]haps none c be f\nd 9 ! fields 9 :i* !y _h be5 s num]\s ! previ\s ye>4 ,:y ?is %\ld be s is n v cle>4 ,! popul> op9ion is t aft] a dry summ] mu%rooms ab\nd 9 ! fields1 b aft] a wet summ] !y are a v sc>ce crop2 & ! inf]5ce is t ! moi/ure has kill$ ! spawn 9 ! gr\nd4 ,?is may be true to a c]ta9 ext5t1 b h[ does x happ5--z x c]ta9ly (t5 does--t good spawn plant$ by h& 9 ! fields 9 e>ly summ] w produce mu%rooms t[>d fall no matt] :e!r ! summ] has be5 wet or dry8 ,at ! same "t1 x is true t a wet spell imm$iately succe$+ ! plant+ ( ! spawn w kill a great deal ( x4 ,z a rule1 wild mu%rooms ab\nd mo/ 9 ri*1 old1 well-dra9$1 roll+ pa/ure l&s1 & avoid dry1 s&y1 or wet places1 or ! neighborhood ( trees & bu%es4 ,9 attempt+ to cultivate !m 9 ! op5 fields we %\ld endeavor to provide simil> conditions4 ,!n ! *ief requisite is good spawn1 = )\t ?is we c n raise mu%rooms4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ,june take a %>p spade 9 ! pa/ure1 make ,v or ,t-%ap$ cuts 9 ! grass sod ab\t f\r in*es deep & raise "o side en\gh to all[ ! ins]tion ( a bit ( spawn two to ?ree in*es squ>e "u x1 s t x %all be ab\t two in*es bel[ ! surface1 !n tamp ! sod d[n4 ,by cutt+ & rais+ ! sod 9 ?is way1 )\t break+ x (f1 x is n z likely to die ( dr\ght 9 summ]4 ,9 ?is way plant z mu* or little z may be desir$ & at di/ances ( ?ree1 f\r1 or m feet ap>t4 ,dur+ ! foll[+ ,augu/ or ,septemb] ! mu%rooms %\ld %[ !mselves1 & cont9ue 9 be>+ = sev]al weeks4 ,mr4 ,h5%aw1 ( ,/at5 ,isl&1 :o has be5 v successful 9 gr[+ mu%rooms 9 ! fields z well z indoors1 writes to me z foll[s3 ,y ask me to give y my plan ( gr[+ mu%rooms 9 ! fields dur+ ! summ]4 ,x is v simple4 ,ab\t ! end ( ,june1 or z soon z dry wea!r sets 91 we remove ! old b$s f our mu%room h\se1 & if !re %\ld be any live spawn 9 ! bottom ( our b$s we put x 9 a :eelb>r[ & take x to ! field1 :]e we plant x 9 ! op5 places1 b nev] "u trees4 ,9 plant+1 we lift a sod & put a %ovelful ( ! manure conta9+ ! spawn 9 ! hole1 !n replace ! sod & beat x d[n firm2 ?is we d at di/ances ( twelve feet ap>t4 ,if we h no live spawn f our indoor b$s we take ! common brick spawn1 & put ab\t a qu>t] ( a brick into ea* hole1 return+ & beat+ d[n ! sod z already /at$4 ,?is is all t is done4 ,if !re comes a dry "t aft] ! spawn is put 9 ! pa/ure we are sure to h a good supply ( mu%rooms 9 ! fall4 ,a few ye>s ago ,c>t] ,co41 se$sm51 ,london1 s5t ?is to "o ( ! g>d5+ p]iodicals3 ,! foll[+ mode ( gr[+ mu%rooms 9 mead[s by "o ( our cu/om]s may be int]e/+ to y\r read]s3 ,9 ,m>* 7,may w\ld be soon en\gh "h7 he beg9s to collect dropp+s f ! /ables4 ,^!1 :5 en\gh h be5 ga!r$ toge!r1 are tak5 into ! mead[1 :]e holes dug "h & !re ab\t "o foot or eighte5 in*es squ>e are fill$ ) !m1 ! soil remov$ be+ scatt]$ ov] ! surr\nd+ grass4 ,:5 all ! holes h be5 fill$ & made solid he !n places two or ?ree pieces ( spawn ab\t "o in* squ>e 9 ea* hole1 treads all d[n firmly1 replaces ! turf & beats x tightly d[n4 ,"u ?is sy/em1 9 ,augu/ & ,septemb] mu%rooms appe> )\t fail 9 abundance & )\t any fur!r c>e4 ,! me?od is simple & ! result c]ta94 ,!re=e all :o happ5 to h a mead[1 paddock1 or grass field1 & are fond ( mu%rooms1 %\ld try ! exp]im5t4444 ,9 ! case 9 "q fre% holes 7 spawn$ e ye>4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,manure ,,= ,,mu%room ,,b$s4 ,9 ord] to gr[ mu%rooms successfully & pr(itably a supply ( fre% horse manure is ne$$1 & ?is %\ld be ! v be/ t is made1 ei!r at home or b\ght f o!r /ables4 ,! que/ions ( manure & spawn are ! mo/ important t we h to deal )4 ,v few make _! own spawn1 z x is b\ght & accept$ ^u its good looks1--(t5 r deceptive1--b ! manure bus9ess is entirely 9 our own h&s1 & success ) x dep5ds absolutely ^u ourselves4 ,we c n reasonably expect good results f poor manure nor f ill-prep>$ manure4 ,x is only f ! v be/ ( horse manure prep>$ 9 ! v be/ fa%ion t we c hope = ! v be/ crops ( ! be/ mu%rooms4 ,horse ,manure4--,!re are v>i\s k9ds ( horse manure1 diff]+ mat]ially 9 _! wor? = mu%room b$s4 ,! k9d ( manure dep5ds ^u ! condition ( ! horses1 h[ !y are h\s$1 f$1 & b$d$1 & h[ ! manure is tak5 c>e (4 ,b :ile ! manure ( all heal?y animals is useful = our purpose1 !re /ill is a great *oice 9 horse manure4 ,if we are dep5d5t ^u our home supply we may use & make ! be/ ( :at we h1 b if we h to buy ! manure we %\ld be v p>ticul> to select ! be/ k9d ( manure & accept ( no o!r4 ,! v be/ manure is t f /rong1 heal?y1 h>d-work$1 well-kept animals t are lib]ally f$ ) h>d food1 z timo?y hay & gra91 & b$d$ ) /raw4 ,& if ! b$d+ be pretty well wett$ ) ur9e & trampl$ "u ! horses' feet1 s mu* ! bett]2 inde$1 ?is is "o reason :y manure f f>m & team/]s' /ables is bett] ?an t f /yli% e/abli%m5ts1 :]e ev]y?+ is kept s scrupul\sly dry & clean4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ai4 ,,p]spective ,,view ,,( ,,! ,,dosoris ,,mu%room ,,cell>4 ,! fre%] ! manure is ! bett]1 /ill manure t is n p]fectly fre% may also be q good4 ,/able manure may accumulate 9 a cell> = a c\ple ( mon?s1 & /ill be fir/ rate4 ,aft] our hotb$ season is ov] ,i /ack our /able manure high 9 ! y>d1 & f ,june until ,augu/1 z ! manure is tak5 away f ! /able ea* day1 x is pil$ on ! top ( ?is /ack4 ,my object is to keep x s dry t x c nei!r heat nor rot4 ,9 ,augu/ ! /ack is brok5 d[n & ! be/ manure %ak5 out to "o side = mu%rooms1 & ! long /raw & rott$ p>ts ?r[n to ! o!r side4 ,?is %ort manure1 :5 moi/5$ ) wat] & ?r[n into a heap1 expos$ to ! sun = a day or two1 w heat up briskly4 ,! b$s illu/rat$ 9 ,fig4 #ai 7 made f manure prep>$ 9 ?is way 9 ,augu/4 ,9 ! case ( q fre% manure1 let x accumulate = a few days1 or a =tnight1 ev51 until !re is en\gh ( x to make up a b$1 & !n prep>e x4 ,be v p>ticul> to prev5t1 f ! fir/1 its heat+ viol5tly or burn+ :ile accumulat+ 9 ! pile4 ,b$s made f v fre% manure respond quickly & g5]\sly4 ,! crop comes 9 heavily to beg9 )1 & cont9ues be>+ l>gely :ile x la/s1 b its duration is usually %ort] ?an 9 ! case ( a b$ made up ( less fre% manure4 ,b altoge!r x yields a bett] & heavi] crop ?an a b$ t comes 9 m gradually & la/s long]1 & ! mu%rooms are ( ! f9e/ quality4 ,"s gr[]s use ! dropp+s only1 & reject all ( ! /rawy "p1 or z mu* ( x z !y c conv5i5tly %ake out4 ,?is gives !m an excell5t manure & p]haps ! v be/ = use on a small scale or 9 small b$s4 ,:5 mu%rooms are to be gr[n 9 boxes1 n>r[ tr\ghs1 half b>rels1 & o!r conf9$ qu>t]s1 x is well to conc5trate ! manure z mu* z possible--use all ! dropp+s & z little /raw z y c4 ,b dropp+s alone = l>ge b$s w\ld take too mu* manure & co/ too mu*1 & !y w\ld n be any bett] ?an ) a r\gh] manure4 ,always pres]ve ! wet1 /rawy "p ( ! manure1 along ) ! dropp+s1 & mix & f]m5t !m toge!r1 & 9 ?is way n only add l>gely to ! bulk ( ! pile1 b secure ! b5efits af=d$ by ! ur9e )\t r$uc+1 9 any way1 ! /r5g? or f]m5t+ prop]ties ( ! manure4 ,%ake out all ! rank1 dry1 /rawy "p ( ! manure & lay x aside = o!r purposes4 ,?is may be ( fur!r use z b$d+ 9 ! /ables1 cov]+ ! mu%room b$s aft] !y h be5 made up1 or = hotb$s2 if well wett$ ) /able dra9+s1 or ev5 pla9 wat]1 x =ms a ready heat+ mat]ial4 ,_m a "t :5 we h be5 %ort ( home-made manure ,i h b\ght "s loads "h & !re f diff]5t /ables 9 ! village1 & mix$ all toge!r & made x into b$s ) excell5t results4 ,sometimes :5 ! manure "u prep>ation _h be5 r old & cool1 ,i h add$ a fif? or t5? "p ( fre% dropp+s to x1 ) v quick5+ effect 9 heat+ & app>5t b5efit to ! crop4 ,x is g5]ally believ$ t ! manure ( entire horses is bett] = mu%rooms ?an t ( o!r horses1 b positive evid5ce 9 ?is direction has nev] come "u my obs]vation4 ,"s practical m5 ass]t t !re is no diff]5ce4 ,mr4 ,john ,g4 ,g>dn]1 at ! ,rancocas ,f>m1 :o has _h abundant opportunity to te/ ?is matt]1 tells me t he has giv5 x a fair trial & be5 unable to f9d any diff]5ce 9 ! quality or quantity ( mu%rooms rais$ f b$s made f ! manure ( entire horses & ^? rais$ f b$s made f ! manure ( o!r equally z well f$ animals4 ,b ! ,p>isian gr[]s insi/ t !re is a diff]5ce 9 favor ( entire horses1 especially 9 ! case ( h>d-work$ animals su* z are engag$ 9 heavy c>t+4 ,manure ( horses t are l>gely f$ ) c>rots is emphatically condemn$ by mo/ writ]s on ! cultivation ( mu%rooms2 inde$1 x is "o ( ! po9ts 9 e book on mu%rooms :i* ,i h read4 ,let u look at a few practical facts3 ,!re are at ,dosoris two %elf b$s 9 "o cell>2 ea* is ?irty feet long1 ?ree feet wide1 & n9e in*es deep1 & bo? are be>+ a v ?ick crop ( mu%rooms4 ,! mat]ial 9 ^! b$s consi/s ( horse manure ?ree p>ts & *opp$ sod loam "o "p1 :i* _h be5 mix$ & f]m5t$ toge!r f ! fir/ prep>ation4 ,! manure 0 sav$ f ! /ables on ! place 9 ,novemb]1 '#hh1 ! mat]ials prep>$ 9 ,decemb]1 ! b$s built ,dec4 #ag1 spawn$ ,dec4 #bd1 mold$ ov] ,dec4 #ca1 & fir/ mu%rooms ga!r$ ,feb4 #g1 #ahhi4 ,^! b$s bore well until ! middle ( ,april4 ,! mu%rooms did n av]age z l>ge z !y did on ! deep] b$s ^u ! floor ( ! cell>1 b !y ran ab\t ?ree-f\r?s to "o ounce apiece1 & a good _m 7 m ?an ?is4 ,x is mo/ always ! case1 h[ev]1 t ! crop on ?9 %elf b$s av]ages less ?an x does on ?ick floor b$s1 & especially is ?is noticeable aft] ! fir/ flu% ( ! crop has be5 ga!r$1 no matt] :at k9d ( f]m5t+ mat]ial _h be5 us$4 ,at ! "t :5 ! manure us$ = ^! b$s 0 be+ sav$ at ! /able ! horses 7 only v lightly work$1 & to ea* horse 0 f$1 9 addition to hay & "s oats & bran1 ab\t a ?ird ( a bu%el ( c>rots a day4 ,& ?is is ! manure us$ = ! late mu%room b$s1 & yet good crops & good mu%rooms are produc$4 ,?is is n only ! exp]i5ce ( "o ye>'s practice b ! regul> r\t9e ( _m4 ,p]haps "s "o w\ld l to ask3 ,d y consid] ! manure ( c>rot-f$ horses z good z ! manure ( animals to :i* no c>rots or o!r root crops _h be5 f$8 ,my answ] is--decid$ly n4 ,:ile ! manure ( c>rot-f$ animals is n ! be/1 at ! same "t x is good1 & any "o hav+ pl5ty ( x c also h pl5ty ( mu%rooms4 ,! complete d5unciation ( ! manure ( c>rot-f$ horses s emphatically /]eotyp$ ^u ! m9ds & p5s ( horticultural writ]s is n always f\nd$ on fact4 ,manure ( ,mules4--,?is is reg>d$ z be+ next 9 value to t ( entire horses1 & "s ,fr5* gr[]s g s f> z to say t x is q z good4 ,mr4 ,john ,g4 ,g>dn] tells me ( an extraord9>y crop ( mu%rooms he once _h :i* a/oni%$ t vet]an1 ,samuel ,h5%aw1 & t x 0 f b$s made ( manure f mule /ables4 ,c]ta9ly ! heavie/ crop ( mu%rooms ,i ev] did see 0 at ,mr4 ,wilbur's place at ,s\? ,be?lehem1 ,pa41 f\r ye>s ago1 & ! b$s 7 ( clean mule dropp+s f ! coal m9es4 ,mule manure c be _h 9 quantity at our mule /ock y>ds1 :i* are 9 ne>ly e l>ge city 9 ! ,middle & ,s\!rn ,/ates4 ,gett+ x f ! m9es co/s m ?an x is wor?1 except z a fancy article2 ! m5 w n collect & save x = any reasonable price4 ,cell> ,manure4--,_m /ables h cell>s "u !m into :i* ! manure & ur9e are dropp$ at e day's clean+4 ,^! cell>s are n g5]ally clean$ out be=e a good deal ( manure has accumulat$ 9 !m1 say a few weeks'1 or a few mon?s'1 or a w9t]'s ga!r+1 & x is commonly pretty well moi/5$ by ! ur9e4 ,if ?is manure has n become too dry & fire-fang$ 9 ! cell> x is spl5did = mu%rooms4 ,we buy a good deal ( x1 b are p>ticul> to reject ! v dry & :ite-burn$ p>ts4 ,sometimes ! manure f ! c[-/ables1 z well z f ! horse-/ables1 is dropp$ toge!r into ! cell>2 !n ,i w\ld give less = ! manure1 especially if ! c[ manure pr$om9at$1 because 9 ! work+ x keeps too cold & wet & pa/y2 b if !re is n c[ manure en\gh to give ! mass a pa/y "* x w make capital mu%room b$s4 ,pigs (t5 h ! run ( ! manure-cell>1 z is g5]ally ! case 9 f>my>ds4 ,i w\ld n use any "p ( ?is mix$ pig manure4 ,mycelium evades hog manure2 besides x is impure & malodor\s1 & a propagat+ b$ = noxi\s insect v]m94 ,x matt]s v little :at k9d ( b$d+ is us$1 9 ! case ( cell> manure1 b ,i w\ld n buy x if sawdu/ or salt hay _h be5 us$ z b$d+4 ,nei!r ( ^! mat]ials1 9 limit$ quantity1 is delet]i\s to ! mu%rooms2 at ! same "t1 !y are f> less desirable ?an /raw1 field hay1 ,g]man peat moss1 or corn /alks1 & !re are risks en\gh 9 mu%room-gr[+ )\t c\rt+ any t we c z well avoid4 ,city ,/able ,manure4--,ar\nd ,new ,york ?is c always be _h 9 any quantity at a reasonable rate1 & x is fir/-rate manure = mu%room b$s4 ,m>ket g>d5]s haul 9 a load ( vegetables to m>ket & br+ back a load ( manure2 o!rs may buy & haul home manure 9 ! same way1 or make arrangem5ts ) a team/] to d x = !m4 ,b ! :ole matt] ( city manure is n[ s deftly h&l$ by ag5ts1 :o make a special bus9ess ( x1 t we c get any quantity ( manure1 f a #ejj lb bale to an unlimit$ numb] ( loads1 & ( mo/ any quality1 deliv]$ ne> or f>1 inl& or coa/wise1 at a fairly mod]ate price4 ,x is ! city /able manure t ne>ly all our l>ge m>ket gr[]s use = _! mu%room b$s4 ,:5 !y get x at ! /ables & c>t x home !mselves !y "k :at !y are h&l+1 & %\ld take only fre% horse dung4 ,9 ord]+ x ( an ag5t be p>ticul> to arrange = ! fre%e/ & cleane/1 pure horse manure4 ,!y w get x = y4 ,we get sev]al hundr$s ( loads ( ?is select$ manure f !m e ye> = hotb$s1 & f9d x excell5t4 ,we also get #ajjj to #bjjj loads ( ! common ,new ,york /able manure a ye> = our g5]al outdoor crops1 & x also is capital manure 9 its way1 b n s good z ! select$ manure = mu%rooms4 ,x is mix$ a little & smells v rank1 & 9 mu%room b$s usually produces a good deal ( spuri\s fungi4 ,mo/ all ( our l>ge/ mu%room gr[]s1 ,van ,sicl5 ( ,jamaica1 ,d5ton ( ,woodhav51 ,conn>d ( ,hobok51 & o!rs1 live )9 easy haul+ di/ance ( ! city1 & are able to select & get ! v *oice/ manure at a v *eap rate4 ,bal$ ,manure4--,)9 a ye> or two a good deal ( our city horse manure has be5 put up 9 bales & ?us %ipp$ & sold4 ,ea* bale conta9s f #cej to ne>ly #ejj lbs1 & is made up1 press$ & ti$ 9 ab\t ! same way z bal$ hay4 ,! pr9cipal advantages ( ! bales are ^!3 ,only ! cleane/ horse manure is put up 9 ?is way2 c[ manure1 (fal1 sp5t hops1 or o!r %ort or s(t manures are n includ$ 9 ! bales1 nor1 on acc\nt ( %ipp+ consid]ations1 are malodor\s manures ( any sort p]mitt$ 9 !m4 ,! railroads all[ bal$ manure to be put (f on _! plat=ms1 & clos] to _! /ations ?an !y w\ld all[ loose manure2 & x (t5 happ5s t an ag5t w s5d a c>load to a railroad /ation & dump x (f !re s t ! p ar\nd :o h only small g>d5 lots c h an opportunity ( buy+ "o or m bales1 j z !y ne$ x1 & )\t1 z is g5]ally ! case1 hav+ to buy a :ole load :5 !y ne$ only half a load4 ,^! bales are q a boon to p :o w\ld l to h a small b$ ( mu%rooms 9 _! cell> & :o h no o!r manure4 ,br+ home "o or m bales1 op5 !m1 spread out ! manure a little1 & :5 x heats turn x a few times1 & x w soon be ready = use4 ,or if y d n wi% to litt] up ! place1 roll ! bales into ! cell>1 %$1 or :]ev] else y wi% to make use ( !m1 & mix ab\t "o-f\r? ( _! bulk ( loam ) ! manure & make up ! b$ at once4 ,! ,bo>d ( ,heal? ( ,new ,york city is v emphatic 9 its endeavors to rid ! city ( any accumulation ( manure &1 a ye> ago1 _h "u consid]ation a plan to compel ! manure ag5ts1 = sanit>y reasons1 to bale ! /able manure4 ,& p]haps ?is is ! reason :y x is s easily procur$1 to wit3 ,a ,new ,york g5tleman1 desir\s ( engag+ 9 ! mu%room-gr[+ bus9ess1 writes me3 ,i get my manure f ! city 9 bales4 ,all x co/s me is ! freight to my place at ,:ite ,pla9s4 ,lucky g5tleman6 ,) any am\nt ( ! be/ k9d ( /able manure gratis1 no wond] he wi%es to emb>k 9 ! mu%room %ip4 ,c[ ,manure4--,?is is sometimes us$ ) horse manure 9 =m+ ! mat]ials = a mu%room b$1 & sev]al ,european writ]s are emphatic 9 advocat+ its use4 ,b ,i h tri$ x "t & "t aga91 & 9 v>i\s ways1 & am satisfi$ t x has no advantage :atev] ov] pla9 horse manure1 if1 inde$1 x is z good4 ,x is n us$ by ! m>ket gr[]s 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! be/ k9d ( c[ manure is said to be ! dry *ips ga!r$ f ! op5 pa/ures2 ^! are br\ght home1 *opp$ up f9e & mix$ ) horse manure4 ,! "t & exp5se incurr$ 9 collect+ & *opp+ ^! *ips completely ov]rea* any advantages t might be d]iv$ f !m1 no matt] h[ desirable !y may be4 ,! next be/ k9d ( c[ manure is t ( /all-f$ cattle1 to :i* dry food only1 z hay & gra91 is f$4 ,?is is seldom obta9able except 9 w9t]1 & is !n available = spr+ b$s only4 ,?is ,i h us$ freely4 ,"o-?ird ( x to two-?irds ( dry horse manure works up v well1 heats mod]ately1 reta9s its w>m? a long "t1 also its moi/ure )\t any t5d5cy to pa/9ess2 ! mycelium travels ?r\gh x beautifully1 & x be>s f9e mu%rooms4 ,/ill1 x is no bett] ?an pla9 horse manure4 ,! poore/ k9d ( c[ manure is ! fre% manure ( cattle f$ ) gre5 grass1 ensilage1 & root crops2 inde$1 su* manure c n be us$ alone2 x ne$s to be freely mix$ ) "s absorb5t1 z dry loam1 ,g]man moss1 dry horse dropp+s1 & ! l1 & ev5 !n ,i h utt]ly fail$ to p]ceive its advantages2 x is a dirty mass to "w1 & q cold4 ,9 ! manufacture ( spawn1 h[ev]1 c[ manure is a requisite +r$i5t1 & "h aga9 ! manure ( dry f$ animals is bett] ?an t ( ^? f$ ) gre5 & o!r s(t food4 ,b my *ief objection to ! use ( c[ manure 9 ! mu%room b$s is t x is a favorite bre$+ & fe$+ place = ho/s ( p]nici\s bugs & grubs & e>? worms1--creatures t we _h bett] repel f1 r ?an enc\rage 91 our mu%room b$s4 ,g]man ,peat ,moss ,/able ,manure = ,mu%room ,b$s4--,al?\gh ,i h n yet _h an opportunity ( try+ ?is mat]ial = mu%room b$s1 ,mr4 ,g>dn]1 ( ,job/[n1 has great fai? 9 x2 s1 too1 has t pr9ce ( ,engli% mu%room gr[]s1 ,ri*>d ,gilb]t1 ( ,burghley1 :o relates 8 success ) x 9 gr[+ mu%rooms 9 ! ,engli% g>d5 pap]s4 ,?is peat moss is a comp>atively new ?+ 9 ?is c\ntry1 & is us$ 9 place ( /raw = b$d+ horses4 ,x is a great absorb5t & soaks up mu* ( ! ur9e t1 7 /raw us$ in/ead1 w\ld be likely to pass (f into ! dra9s4 ,to ?is is ascrib$ its great virtue 9 mu%room culture4 ,x %\ld be mix$ ) loam :5 us$ = mu%room b$s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bj4 ,,bale ,,( ,,g]man ,,peat ,,moss4 ,sawdu/ ,/able ,manure = ,mu%room ,b$s4--,?is is ! manure obta9$ f /ables :]e sawdu/ has be5 us$ = b$d+ = ! horses4 ,x is a good absorb5t & reta9s consid]able ( ! /able wett+s4 ,su* manure f]m5ts well1 makes up nicely into b$s1 ! mycelium runs well 9 x1 & good mu%rooms are produc$ f x4 ,b if ,i c\ld get any o!r fairly good manure ,i w\ldn't use x4 ,i rememb] see+ x at ,mr4 ,h5%aw's place "s ye>s ago4 ,he _h b\ght a quantity ( fre% /able manure f ! ,brighton coal y>ds1 :]e sawdu/ _h be5 us$ = b$d+ = ! horses1 & ?is he us$ = 8 mu%room b$s4 ,i w5t back aga9 9 a few mon?s to see ! b$ 9 be>+1 b x 0 n a success4 ,at ! same "t1 "s ,european gr[]s record great success ) sawdu/ /able manure4 ,george ,bolas1 ,hopton1 ,wirkewor?1 ,engl&1 s5t specim5s ( mu%rooms t he grew on sawdu/ manure b$s to ! editor ( ! ,g>d51 :o pron\nc$ !m 9 e way excell5t4 ,mr4 ,bolas says3 ,9 mak+ up ! b$ ,i mix$ ab\t "o-?ird ( burnt e>? ) ! sawdu/1 s&1 & dropp+s4 ,! mu%rooms 7 long] 9 com+ up ?an usual1 ! b$ be+ 9 a close %$1 )\t any heat :atev]4 ,!y h1 h[ev]1 f> exce$$ my expectations4 ,ri*>d ,gilb]t1 ( ,burghley1 also wrote to ! ,g>d51 ,april #be1 #ahhe3 ,!re is no?+ new 9 gr[+ mu%rooms 9 sawdu/4 ,i h done x "h = ye>s pa/2 t is to say1 aft] x _h done s]vice z a b$ = horses1 & got int]mix$ ) _! dropp+s4 ,i h nev] be5 able to detect ! lea/ diff]5ce 9 size or quality betwe5 mu%rooms gr[n 9 sawdu/ & ^? produc$ 9 ! ord9>y way4 ,tree ,leaves4--,=e/ tree leaves are (t5 us$ = mu%room b$s1 sometimes alone1 in/ead ( manure1 b m frequ5tly mix$ ) horse manure to increase ! bulk ( ! f]m5t+ mat]ial4 ,oak tree leaves are ! be/2 quick-rott+ leaves1 l ^? ( ! *e/nut1 maple1 or l9d51 are n s good1 & ^? ( conif]\s trees are ( no use :atev]4 ,z ! leaves mu/ be 9 a condition to heat readily !y %\ld be fre%2 su* are easily secur$ be=e w9t] sets 91 b 9 spr+1 aft] ly+ out "u ! w9t]'s sn[ & ra91 _! vitality is mo/ly gone4 ,b we c secure a l>ge lot ( dry leaves 9 ! fall & pile !m :]e !y w keep dry until requir$ = use4 ,z ne$$ we c prep>e a "p ( ?is pile by wett+ ! leaves1 tak+ !m "u cov] to a w>m s\?-fac+ %$1 & o!rwise assi/+ f]m5tation j z if we 7 prep>+ = a hotb$4 ,:ile moi/5+ ! leaves ) clean wat] w induce a good f]m5tation1 wett+ !m ) liquid f ! horse-/able ur9e tanks w cause a brisk heat1 & = mu%rooms produce m g5ial conditions4 ,mu%room b$s compos$ 9 :ole or "p ( f]m5t+ tree leaves %\ld be mu* deep] ?an w\ld be necess>y 7 horse manure alone us$2 = half leaves & half manure1 say fifte5 in*es deep2 = all leaves1 say tw5ty to ?irty in*es deep4 ,:ile mu%room spawn w run freely 9 leaf b$s & we c get good mu%rooms f !m1 my exp]i5ce has satisfi$ me t we d n get z f9e crops f ^! b$s or any modification ( !m z f ! ord9>y /able manure b$s4 ,& we c n wond] mu* at ?is1 consid]+ t ! wild mu%room is sc>cely ev] f\nd 9 ! neighborhood ( trees or :]e leaf mold deposits occur4 ,sp5t ,hops4--,we c make good use ( ?is 9 "o way4 ,if we are %ort ( good mat]ials = a mu%room b$1 we c fir/ make up ! b$s eight or t5 in*es deep ) f]m5t+ sp5t hops1 & above ?is lay a f\r or five in* lay] ( horse manure1 or ?is & loam mix$4 ,! hops w keep up ! w>m?1 & ! manure af=ds a cong5ial home = ! mu%room spawn4 ,b we %\ld nev] use sp5t hops alone1 nor s ne> ! surface ( ! b$s t ! spawn w h to travel ?r\gh x4 ,sp5t hops c be _h = no?+1 & our city brew]s ev5 pay a premium to ! manure ag5ts to take ! hops away4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,prep>ation ,,( ,,! ,,manure4 ,get z good a quality ( fre% horse manure z y c1 & 9 suffici5t quantity = ! am\nt ( b$ or b$s y wi% to make4 ,next get x into suitable condition = mak+ up into b$s4 ,?is c be done out ( doors or "u cov] ( a %$1 b pref]ably 9 ! %$4 ,out ( doors ! manure is "u ! dry+ influ5ce ( sun & w9d1 & x is also liable to become ov]-wett$ by ra91 b "u cov] we h full control ( its condition4 ,all ! manure = b$s betwe5 ,july & ! end ( ,octob] is prep>$ out ( doors on a dry piece ( gr\nd1 b :at is us$ aft] ! fir/ ( ,novemb]1 all ?r\gh ! w9t]1 is h&l$ 9 a %$ op5 to ! s\?4 ,dur+ ! autumn mon?s we get along v well ) x out ( doors2 aft] e turn+ cov] ! heap ) /rawy litt] to save x f ! dry+ influ5ces ( sun & w9d4 ,remove ?is cov]+ :5 next turn$1 & lay light wood5 %utt]s on top ( x z a precaution aga9/ ra94 ,9 ! %$ 9 w9t] ! manure is protect$ aga9/ ra9 & sn[ & we c always "w x conv5i5tly2 :5 ! %$ is op5 to ! s\?--z wagon & wood-%$s (t5 are--we get ! b5efit ( ! w>m sun%9e 9 ! daytime 9 />t+ f]m5tation 9 ! manure1 b 9 ! ev5t ( dull1 cold wea!r1 cov] up ! pile q snugly ) /raw & %utt]s to />t ! heat 9 x4 ,altoge!r1 a w>m1 close %$ w\ld be bett]4 ,x seldom happ5s t "o c get all ! manure he wants at "o "t2 x accumulates by degrees4 ,?is is ! case ) ! m>ket gr[] :o uses _m tons1 & hauls x home f ! city /ables a little at a "t2 also ) ! private gr[]1 :o uses only a few bu%els or half a cord1 & has x accumulate = days or weeks f 8 own /able4 ,z ! manure accumulates ?r[ x into a pile1 /raw & all1 b n into su* a big pile t x w heat viol5tly2 & p>ticul>ly obs]ve t x %all n fire-fang or burn 9 ! heap4 ,if x %[s any t5d5cy to d ?is1 turn x ov] loosely1 spr9kle x freely ) wat]1 spread x out a little1 & aft] a few h\rs1 or :5 x has cool$ (f nicely1 ?r[ x up into a pile aga9 & tread x firmly to keep x moi/ & f heat+ ha/ily4 ,:5 en\gh manure has accumulat$ = a b$1 prep>e x 9 ! foll[+ way3 ,turn x ov]1 %ak+ x up loosely & mix+ x all well toge!r4 ,?r[ aside ! dry1 /rawy "p1 also any :ite burnt manure t may be 9 x1 & all extrane\s matt]1 z /icks1 /ones1 old t9s1 bones1 lea!r /raps1 rags1 scraps ( iron1 or su* o!r tra% z we usually f9d 9 manure heaps1 b d n ?r[ out any ( ! wet /raw2 inde$1 we %\ld aim to reta9 all ! /raw t has be5 well wett$ 9 ! /able4 ,if ! manure is too dry d n hesitate to spr9kle x freely ) wat]1 & x w take a good deal ( wat] to well moi/5 a heap ( dry manure4 ,!n ?r[ x into a compact oblong pile ab\t ?ree or f\r feet high1 & tread x d[n a little4 ,?is is to prev5t ha/y & viol5t heat+ & burn+1 = firmly pack$ manure does n heat up s readily or :it5 s quickly z does a pile loosely ?r[n toge!r4 ,leave x undi/urb$ until f]m5tation has />t$ briskly1 :i* 9 e>ly fall may be 9 two or ?ree days1 or 9 w9t] 9 six to t5 days1 !n turn x ov] aga91 %ak+ x up ?or\ghly & loosely & keep+ :at 0 outside be=e inside n[1 & :at 0 inside be=e t[>d ! outside n[2 & if !re are any unduly dry p>ts moi/5 !m z y g along4 ,trim up ! heap into ! same %ape z y _h be=e1 & aga9 tread x d[n firmly4 ,?is compact+ ( ! pile at e turn+ r$uces ! numb] ( requir$ turn+s4 ,:5 hot manure is turn$ & ?r[n loosely into a pile x rega9s its great heat s rapidly t x w ne$ turn+ aga9 )9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 9 ord] to save x f burn+1 & all practical m5 "k t at e turn+ ammonia is wa/$1--! mo/ pot5t food ( ! mu%room4 ,we %\ld !re=e endeavor to get along ) z few turn+s z possible2 at ! same "t1 nev] all[ any "p ( ! manure to burn1 ev5 if we h to turn ! heap e day4 ,^! turn+s %\ld be cont9u$ until ! manure has lo/ its t5d5cy to heat viol5tly1 & its hot1 rank smell is gone1--usually 9 ab\t ?ree weeks' "t4 ,if ! manure1 or any "p ( x1 is too dry at any turn+1 ! dry "p %\ld be spr9kl$ ) wat] & kept 9 ! middle ( ! heap4 ,pla9 wat] is :at is g5]ally us$ = moi/5+ ! manure1 b ,i sometimes use liquid f ! /able tanks1 :i* n only answ]s ! purpose ( wett+ ! dry mat]ials1 b x also is a p[]ful /imulant & welcome addition to ! manure4 ,b ! greate/ vigilance %\ld be obs]v$ to gu>d aga9/ ov]moi/5+ ! manure2 f> bett] fail on ! side ( dryness ?an on t ( wetness4 ,if ! manure is too wet to beg9 ) x %\ld be spread out ?9ly & loosely & expos$ to sun & w9d1 if practicable1 to dry4 ,dry+ by exposure 9 ?is way is n z en]vat+ z burn+ 9 a hot pile1 & bett] h rec\rse to any me?od ( dry+ ! manure ?an use x wet4 ,if1 on acc\nt ( ! wea!r or lack ( conv5i5ce = dry+1 ! manure c n be dri$ en\gh1 add dry loam1 dry s&1 dry half-rott$ leaves1 dry peat moss1 dry *aff1 or dry f9ely cut hay or /raw1 & mix toge!r4 ,! prop] condition ( ! manure1 z reg>ds dryness or moi/ness1 c readily be kn[n by h&l+ x4 ,take a h&ful ( ! manure & squeeze x tight2 x %\ld be unctu\s en\gh to hold toge!r 9 a lump1 & s dry t y c n squeeze a drop ( wat] out ( x4 ,"s private g>d5]s 9 ,engl& lay p>ticul> /ress ^u collect+ ! fre% dropp+s at ! /ables e day1 & spread+ !m out ^u a %$ or b>n floor to dry1 & 9 ?is way keep+ !m dry & f heat+ until en\gh has accumulat$ = a b$1 :5 ! b$ is made up entirely ( ?is mat]ial1 or ( "p ( ?is & "p ( loam4 ,b m>ket g>d5]s1 ! ones ^: bread & butt] dep5d ^u ! crops !y raise1 nev] practice ?is me?od1 & t patri>* 9 ! bus9ess1 ,ri*>d ,gilb]t1 d5\nces ! practice un/9t$ly4 ,diff]5t gr[]s h diff]5t ideas ( prep>+ manure = mu%room b$s1 b ! aim ( all is to get x into ! be/ possible condition ) ! lea/ labor & exp5se1 & to gu>d aga9/ depriv+ x ( any m ammonia ?an c be help$4 ,see ,mr4 ,g>dn]'s me?od ( prep>+ manure1 p4 #bb4 ,loam & ,manure ,mix$4--,mu%room b$s are (t5 =m$ ( loam & manure mix$ toge!r1 say "o-?ird or "o-f\r? "p ( ! :ole be+ loam1 & ! o!r two-?irds or ?ree-f\r?s manure2 if a l>g] proportion ( loam is us$ x w r5d] ! b$s r cold unless !y are made unusually deep4 ,i am n prep>$ to affirm or d5y t ?is mix$ mat]ial has any advantages ov] pla9 manure2 ,i use x consid]ably e ye> & ) good results2 at ! same "t1 ,i get z good crops f ! pla9 manure b$s4 ,b x has _m w>m fri5ds :o are excell5t gr[]s4 ,9 prep>+ ?is mix$ mat]ial ,i use fre% sod loam well *opp$ up1 & add x to ! manure 9 ?is way3 ,fir/ select ! manure & ?r[ x into a heap to f]m5t1 z be=e expla9$2 !n aft] ! fir/ turn+ cov] ! heap ) a lay] ( ?is loam ab\t ?ree or f\r in*es ?ick1 en\gh to arre/ ! /eam2 at ! next turn+ mix ?is cas+ ( loam ) ! manure1 & :5 ! heap is squ>$ (f add ano!r coat+ ( loam ( ! same ?ickness 9 ! same way z be=e1 & s on at ea* turn+ until ! :ole mass is fit = use1 & ! full complem5t ( loam1 say "o-f\r? ! full bulk1 has be5 add$4 ,9 ?is way mu* ( ! ammonia t o!rwise w\ld be evaporat$ f ! manure is arre/$ & reta9$4 ,"s gr[]s1 :5 !y fir/ %ake out _! fre% manure1 add ! full complem5t ( loam to x at once & mix !m toge!r4 ,o!rs1 aga91 ,mr4 ,d5ton1 ( ,woodhav51 = in/ance1 prep>e ! manure 9 ! ord9>y way & :5 ready = use add ! quota ( loam4 ,i use good sod loam = two reasons1 namely1 because x is ! v be/ t c be us$ = ! purpose1 &1 also1 aft] be+ us$ 9 ! mu%room b$s x is a capital mat]ial1 & 9 f9e condition = use 9 pott+ s(t-wood$ plants4 ,b ! loam commonly us$ to mix ) ! manure is ord9>y field soil4 ,if ! loam is ord9>ily moi/ to beg9 )1 & also ! manure1 !re is v little likelihood ( any ( ! mat]ial gett+ too dry dur+ ! prep>ation4 ,& mu* less prep>ation is ne$$1 = ! pres5ce ( ! loam less5s1 consid]ably1 ! probability ( ha/y1 viol5t f]m5tation4 ,mr4 ,)+ton1 ( ,s\? ,amboy1 ,n4 ,j41 uses r a /9t$ am\nt ( loam 9 8 manure4 ,he writes me3 ,we made up our b$s ?is ye> ) a proportion ( loam 9 ! manure1 say "o "p loam to eight p>ts manure1 b h always us$ cle> manure h]et(ore1 & ,i ?9k ! b$s hold out long] ?an :5 only manure is us$4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,mak+ ,,up ,,! ,,mu%room ,,b$s4 ,! place 9 ! cell>1 %$1 h\se1 or else:]e1 :]e we int5d to gr[ ! mu%rooms1 %\ld be 9 read9ess z soon z ! manure has be5 well prep>$ & is 9 prop] condition = use4 ,! b$ or b$s %\ld be made up at once4 ,! ?ickness ( ! b$s dep5ds a good deal ^u circum/ances1 su* z ! quality ( ! manure1--:e!r x is pla9 horse manure1 or manure & loam mix$ toge!r1--or :e!r ! b$s are to be made 9 heat$ or unheat$ build+s1 & on ! floor or on %elves4 ,floor b$s are g5]ally n9e to fifte5 in*es deep2 ab\t n9e in*es 9 ! case ( manure alone1 9 w>m qu>t]s1 & t5 to f\rte5 in*es :5 manure & loam are us$4 ,9 cool h\ses ! b$s are made a few in*es deep] ?an ?is s z to keep up a /eady1 mild w>m? = a long "t4 ,! b$s may be made flat1 or ridg$1 or l a r\nd$ bank aga9/ ! wall2 b ! flat =m is ! commone/1 & ! mo/ conv5i5t :]e %elves are also us$ 9 ! same build+4 ,%elf b$s are g5]ally n9e in*es deep2 t is1 ! dep? ( "o bo>d4 ,9 mak+ up ! b$s1 br+ 9 ! manure & %ake x up loosely & spread x ev5ly ov] ! b$1 beat+ x d[n firmly ) ! back ( ! =k z y g along1 & cont9ue 9 ?is way until ! desir$ dep? is atta9$4 ,if x is a floor b$ & !re is no imp$im5t1 z a %elf ov]head1 tread ! manure d[n firmly & ev5ly2 if ! manure is fairly dry & 9 good condition x w be pretty firm & /ill spr+y1 b if x is too moi/ & poorly prep>$ tread+ w pack x toge!r l wet rott5 dung4 ,n[ pi]ce a hole 9 ! b$ & ins]t a !rmomet]4 ,!re are gr\nd or bottom-heat !rmomet]s1 z g>d5]s call !m1 = ?is purpose1 b any common !rmomet] w d well en\gh2 & aft] two or ?ree days exam9e ?is !rmomet] daily to see :at is ! temp]ature ( ! manure 9 ! b$4 ,9 roomy or airy /ructures or :]e only a small b$ has be5 made x may1 9 ! meantime1 be left 9 ?is condition4 ,b 9 a tight cell> ,i f9d t ! w>m moi/ure aris+ f ! b$ cond5ses 9 ! atmosph]e & settles on ! top ( ! manure1 mak+ x p]fectly wet4 ,9 ord] to c\nt]act ?is1 z soon z ! b$ is made up ,i spread "s /raw or hay ov] x loosely2 ! moi/ure settles on ! cov]+ & does n rea* ?r\gh to ! manure4 ,bew>e ( ov]cov]+1 z su* induces ov]heat+ inside ! b$4 ,at spawn+ "t remove ?is cov]+4 ,! b$ w !n h become s cool 7#hj or #ij7 t !re is v little evaporation f x1 consequ5tly little dang] ( surface-wett+4 ,! ,prop] ,temp]ature4--,?is1 9 mu%room b$s1 dep5ds ^u ! mat]ials ( :i* !y are compos$1 _! ?ickness1 h[ !y are built1 ! situation !y are 91 & o!r circum/ances4 ,if ! manure 0 good & fre% to beg9 )1 c>efully prep>$ & us$ z soon z ready1 ! b$ 9 a few days w w>m up to #abe1 or a little m or less1 & ?is is v good4 ,my be/ b$s h always %[n a maximum heat ( betwe5 #abj & #abe4 ,_h ! manure be5 us$ a few days too soon ! heat w\ld rise high]1 p]haps to #ace1 b ?is is too w>m2 9 ?is case ,i w\ld =k ov] ! surface ( ! b$ a few in*es deep to let ! heat escape1 & aft] a c\ple ( days compact ! b$ aga94 ,bor+ holes all ov] ! surface ( ! b$s ) a cr[b> is ! common way ( r$uc+ a too high temp]ature1 & :5 ! heat has subsid$ suffici5tly fill up ^! holes ) f9ely pulv]iz$ dry loam4 ,) loam we c fill !m up p]fectly1 b we c n d ?is ) manure1 & if left op5 !y rema9 z wet sweat holes t are v delet]i\s to ! spread+ spawn4 ,a too high temp]ature 9 ! b$s %\ld be s$ul\sly gu>d$ aga9/1 = x wa/es ! sub/ance ( ! manure1 dries up ! int]ior ( ! b$1 & ! mu%room crop mu/ necess>ily be />v$ & %ort4 ,provid$ t ! manure is fre% & good & has be5 well prep>$1 if ! b$s1 aft] be+ made up1 d n indicate m ?an #ajj or #aaj no al>m ne$ be felt1 = excell5t crops w likely be produc$ by ^! b$s4 ,! ?ick] ! b$s are ! high] ! heat w probably rise 9 !m4 ,firmly built b$s w>m up m sl[ly ?an d loosely built ones1 & !y keep _! heat long]4 ,if ! mat]ials are q cool :5 built solidly into b$s !y are n apt to become v w>m aft]w>d4 ,b ,i always l to make up ! b$s ) mod]ately w>m manure4 ,x sometimes happ5s t circum/ances may prev5t ! mak+ up ( ! b$s j z soon z ! manure is 9 prime condition1 & ev5 aft] !y are made up ! heat does n rise above #ge or #hj4 ,9 su* a case if ! manure is o!rwise 9 good condition & fre%1 x is well en\gh & a good crop may be expect$4 ,b if ! manure1 to beg9 )1 _h be5 a little /ale1 rott5 & in]t1 ,i c]ta9ly w\ld n hesitate to at once break up ! b$1 add "s fre% horse dropp+s to x1 mix ?or\ghly1 !n make x up aga94 ,or a fair heat may be />t$ 9 su* a /ale b$ by spr9kl+ x ov] r freely ) ur9e f ! b>ny>d1 !n =k+ ! surface ov] two or ?ree in*es deep & aft]w>d compact+ x slightly ) ! back ( ! =k4 ,spread a lay] ( hay1 /raw1 or /rawy /able litt] a few in*es deep ov] ! b$ till ! heat rises4 ,if ! manure _h be5 moi/ en\gh ?is spr9kl+ %\ld n be resort$ to1 b ! fre% dropp+s add$ in/ead4 ,:5 x is appli$1 h[ev]1 great c>e %\ld be tak5 to prev5t ov]heat+2 a less5+ or entire removal ( ! /rawy cov]+1 & aga9 firmly compact+ ! surface ( ! b$ w r$uce ! temp]ature4 ,"s saltpet]1 or nitrate ( soda1 an ounce to ?ree gallons ( liquid1 w enc\rage ! spread ( ! mycelium aft] ! spawn is ins]t$2 a mu* /rong] solution ( ^! salts c n[ be us$ ?an w\ld be safe to apply aft] ! mycelium is runn+ 9 ! b$4 ,:5 loam & manure mix$ toge!r comprise ! mat]ials ( :i* ! b$ is made1 ! temp]ature is n likely to rise s high z :5 manure alone is us$1 b ?is matt]s n s long z ! mat]ials ( :i* ! b$ is compos$ are sweet & fre% & n ov]-moi/4 ,b if ! mat]ials are cold & /ale treat z recomm5d$ = a manure b$1 always be>+ 9 m9d t x is bett] to h a cold b$ t is fairly dry ?an "o t is wet1 or1 inde$1 a w>m "o t is wet4 ,mr4 ,)+ton1 ( ,s\? ,amboy1 has a good ^w to say = b$s ( a l[ temp]ature4 ,he writes me3 ,our b$s kept 9 good be>+ two mon?s1 ?\gh !y h borne 9 a desultory way a mon? long]4 ,our be/ b$ ?is season 0 "o t 0 kept at an ev5 temp]ature4 ,! manure nev] rose above #ge :5 made up1 & decreas$ to ab\t #fj soon aft] spawn+4 ,kept ! h\se at #ee4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,mu%room ,,spawn4 ,:at is mu%room spawn8 ,is x a se$ or a root8 ,d y plant x or s[ x1 or h[ d y prep>e x8 are "s ( ! que/ions ask$ me n[ & aga94 ,to ! g5]al public !re seems to be "s great my/]y surr\nd+ ?is spawn "q2 9 fact1 x appe>s to be ! *ief enigma connect$ ) mu%room-gr[+4 ,n[1 ! tru? is1 !re is no my/]y at all ab\t ! matt]4 ,:at practical mu%room gr[]s call spawn1 botani/s t]m mycelium4 ,! spawn is ! true mu%room plant & p]meates ! gr\nd1 manure1 or o!r mat]ial 9 :i* x may be gr[+2 & :at we "k z mu%rooms is ! fruit ( ! mu%room plant4 ,! spawn is repres5t$ by a delicate :ite mold-l network ( :iti% ?reads :i* trav]se ! soil or manure4 ,"u favorable circum/ances x gr[s & spreads rapidly1 & 9 due "t produces fruit1 or mu%rooms z we call !m4 ,! mu%rooms be> myriads ( spores :i* are analog\s to se$s1 & ^! spores become diffus$ 9 ! atmosph]e & fall ^u ! gr\nd4 ,x is reasonable to suppose t !y are ! orig9 ( ! spawn :i* produces ! natural mu%rooms 9 ! fields1 also ! spawn we f9d 9 manure heaps4 ,b we nev] h be5 able to produce spawn artificially f spores1 or 9 o!r words1 mu%rooms h nev] be5 gr[n by man1 s f> z ,i c f9d any au!ntic record1 f se$4 ,h[1 !n1 d we get ! spawn8 ,by propagation by division4 ,we take ! mu%room plant or spawn1 z we call x1 & break x up into pieces1 & plant ^! pieces sep>ately 9 a prep>$ b$ ( manure or o!r mat]ial1 "u conditions favorable = _! gr[?1 & we f9d t ^! pieces ( spawn develop into vigor\s plants t be> fruit 7mu%rooms7 9 ab\t two mon?s f plant+ "t4 ,:5 ! spawn has borne its full crop ( fruit x dies4 ,well1 !n1 if we c n produce spawn f spores1 & ! spawn 9 ! b$s t h borne mu%rooms has di$ out1 h[ are we to get ! spawn = our future crops8 is a "q t may sugge/ itself to ! inexp]i5c$4 ,by secur+ x :5 x is 9 its mo/ vigor\s condition1 :i* is be=e x beg9s to %[ signs ( =m+ mu%rooms1 & dry+ x1 & keep+ x dry till requir$ = use4 ,b 9 ord] to secure ! spawn we ne$ to take & keep ) x ! manure to :i* x adh]es or 9 :i* x is spread+4 ,9 ?is way x c be kept 9 good condition = sev]al ye>s & )\t its vitality be+ p]ceptibly impair$4 ,keep+ x dry m]ely susp5ds its gr[?2 z soon z x is aga9 submitt$ to favorable conditions ( moi/ure & heat its pri/9e activity returns4 ,mu%room spawn c be obta9$ at any se$ /ore4 ,our se$sm5 always keep x 9 /ock1 bo? ! brick 7,engli%71 & ! flake 7,fr5*7 spawn4 ,x is retail$ 9 quantities ( "o p\nd or m1 & z ! article is p]fectly dry x c be easily s5t by mail 9 small quantities4 ,! se$sm5 import x f ,europe e ye> along ) _! se$s4 ,a prom95t ,bo/on se$sman writes me3 ,we get our supply ?r\gh ! ,london :olesale se$sm51 = ! sake ( conv5i5ce & *eap] ocean freight1 etc4 ,com+ ) a %ipm5t ( o!r goods & on same bill ( lad+ br+s ! freight *>ges d[n4 ,! l[ price at :i* mu%room spawn is sold 9 quantity c only be ma9ta9$ ) l[ freight rates1 z !re is a duty "h ( #bj on ! article4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ba4 ,,brick ,,spawn4 ,by direct inquiry ( ! lead+ import]s 9 diff]5t cities ,i f9d t we import ab\t #dejj lbs ( ,fr5* or flake spawn1 & #djjj bu%els1 or #fd1jjj lbs ( ,engli% or brick spawn1 & t fully a half ( ?is :ole importation is h&l$ by ! se$sm5 ( ,new ,york city4 ,9 ,new ,york "o firm alone1 :o make a specialty ( supply+ m>ket g>d5]s1 has 9 "o ye> import$ #aejj bu%els ( brick spawn4 ,b ! vic9ity ( ,new ,york is ! great mu%room-gr[+ c5t] ( ! c\ntry1 also ! be/ m>ket = mu%rooms 9 ! c\ntry4 ,"o g>d5] at ,jamaica1 ,l4 ,i41 b\ght #ajjj lbs ( brick spawn at "o "t1 & a neighbor ( 8 b\ght #djj lbs2 ?is %[s :at a l>ge quantity ( spawn m>ket g>d5]s require4 ,& ! dem& ?is ye> is unprec$5t$2 "s ( our lead+ import]s _h sold out _! supply be=e ! fir/ ( ,novemb]4 ,& x is n private gr[]s s mu* z m>ket gr[]s :o are ! cause ( ?is2 ! m>ket m5 f9d !re is money 9 gr[+ mu%rooms & !y are go+ into x4 ,spawn comes 9 ! =m ( dry1 h>d1 solid manure bricks1 & also 9 ! =m ( flakes ( half rott$ /rawy manure4 ,^! bricks & flakes are completely p]meat$ ) ! mu%room mycelium4 ,! brick spawn is commonly kn[n z ,engli% spawn1 & :at is import$ into ?is c\ntry is made 9 ,engl&1 mo/ly ab\t ,london4 ,! bricks made by ! diff]5t manufactur]s v>y a little 9 size & weight2 9 "s cases t5 bricks g to ! bu%el1 9 o!rs f\rte51 & 9 o!rs sixte54 ,?is la/ is ! commone/ siz$ brick1 & weighs exactly a p\nd1 & measures ab\t eight & "o-half in*es long1 five & "o-f\r? in*es wide1 & "o & "o-f\r? in*es ?ick2 x is :at ! ,london spawn mak]s call a #ix#fx#b in* brick1 b x %r9ks 9 dry+4 ,9 retail+ brick spawn 9 ?is c\ntry x is sold by weight & n by measure4 ,mill-track mu%room spawn is adv]tis$ by "s ( our se$sm51 b :at !y sell "u ?is "n is only ! ord9>y ,engli% brick spawn4 ,"o ( our prom95t se$ firms :o adv]tise x write me3 ,g5u9e mill-track spawn us$ to be ! be/ 9 ,engl&1 b x has be5 sup]s$$1 al?\gh ,european g>d5]s /ill call = ,engli% spawn "u ! "n ( 'mill-track4' ,! real mill-track spawn is ! natural spawn t has spread ?r\gh ! ?or\ghly amalgamat$ horse dropp+s 9 mill-tracks or ! clean+s f mill-tracks4 ,x is usually sold 9 l>ge1 irregul>1 some:at s(t lumps1 & is mu* e/eem$ by spawn mak]s = impregnat+ _! bricks1 b n[adays1 t horses h giv5 place to /eam z a motive p[] 9 mills1 we h no fur!r supply ( mill-track spawn = use 9 spawn+ our mu%room b$s4 ,we d n feel ?is loss1 h[ev]1 z ! spawn n[ manufactur$ by our be/ mak]s w produce z good a crop ( mu%rooms z ! old mill-track natural spawn us$ to d4 ,! flake spawn is :at is g5]ally kn[n z ,fr5* spawn1 & is import$ into ?is c\ntry f ,france4 ,b ! manufacture ( ,fr5* spawn = sale1 h[ev]1 is n /rictly conf9$ to ,france4 ,x is put up 9 two ways1 namely1 nicely pack$ 9 ?9 wood5 boxes1 ea* conta9+ two or ?ree p\nds ( spawn1 & also loose 9 bulk :5 x is sold by weight or measure4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bb4 ,,flake ,,or ,,fr5* ,,spawn4 ,virg9 spawn is :at we call natural spawn or wild spawn2 t is1 ! spawn t occurs naturally 9 ! fields1 9 manure piles1 or else:]e1 & )\t any artificial aid4 ,x is suppos$ to be produc$ directly f ! mu%room spores1 & is n a new gr[? ( surviv+ p>ts ( old spawn t may h liv$ ov] 9 ! gr\nd4 ,x is f> m vigor\s ?an made spawn1 & spawn mak]s always endeavor to get x to use 9 spawn+ ! artificial spawn4 ,x is seldom us$ = spawn+ mu%room b$s because n easy to obta94 ,n[ & aga9 we come ^u a lot ( x 9 a manure pile2 x looks l a nett$ mass ( :ite /r+s trav]s+ ! manure4 ,z soon z discov]$ secure all y c f9d1 br+ x indoors to a l(t1 %$1 or room1 & spread x out to dry2 aft] dry+ x ?or\ghly keep x dry & pres]ve & use x z y w\ld ,fr5* spawn1 = x is ! be/ k9d ( flake spawn4 ,9 us+ virg9 spawn = spawn+ b$s ,i h obta9$ l>g] & heavi] mu%rooms ?an f made spawn1 & ! b$s la/$ long] 9 good be>+1 b ! weight ( ! :ole crop has n be5 m ?an f artificial spawn4 ,h[ to ,keep ,spawn4--,spawn %\ld be kept 9 a dry1 airy place1 some:at d>k1 if conv5i5t1 & 9 a temp]ature betwe5 #ce & #fe4 ,:]ev] ?+s w mu/1 z 9 a cell>1 cupbo>d aga9/ a wall1 or 9 a close1 damp build+1 is a v poor place = keep+ spawn4 ,if ! spawn is p]fectly dry & kept 9 a dry1 airy place1 & n 9 l>ge bulk1 & cov]$1 x w be> a high temp]ature ) app>5t impunity1 b :5ev] dampness1 ev5 ( ! atmosph]e1 is c\pl$ ) heat1 ! mycelium beg9s to gr[1 & ?is1 9 ! /or]oom1 is ru9\s to ! spawn4 ,judg+ f our natural mu%room crops1 ! spawn = :i* mu/ be alive 9 ! gr\nd 9 w9t]1 "o concludes t fro/ %\ld n be injuri\s to ! artificial spawn1 /ill my exp]i5ce is t h>d fro/ de/roys ! vitality ( bo? brick & flake spawn4 ,& ?is is "o reason :y ,i get our full supply ( spawn 9 ! fall & keep x myself r ?an submit x to ! m]cy ( ! se$ /ore4 ,new ,v]sus ,old ,spawn4--,h[ long spawn may be kept )\t its vitality becom+ impair$ is an unsettl$ "q1 b !re is no d\bt1 if prop]ly kept1 x w rema9 good = sev]al ye>s4 ,b ,i c n impress too /rongly ^u ! read] ! importance ( us+ fre% spawn4 ,d n use any old spawn at any price2 d n accept x gratis & ru9 y\r prospect ( success by us+ x4 ,x takes ?ree mon?s f ! "t :5 ! manure is ga!r$ = ! b$s until ! mu%rooms are h>ve/$4 ,c y1 !re=e1 af=d to sp5d ?is "t1 & und]go ! c>e & tr\ble & exp5se1 & c\rt a failure by us+ old spawn8 ,we h risks en\gh ) new spawn1 let alone old spawn4 ,i d n use any m old spawn1 b ,i h us$ x (t5 & long en\gh to be conv9c$ ( its g5]al wor?lessness1 unless pres]v$ ) ! greate/ c>e4 ,h[ to ,di/+ui% ,good f ,poor ,spawn4--,?is is a v difficult matt]1 not)/&+ :at p may say to ! contr>y4 ,if we c\ld positively tell good f bad spawn1 we w\ld nev] use bad spawn1 &1 !re=e1 ) ord9>y c>e1 h v few failures 9 mu%room-gr[+2 = good spawn is ! root ( success 9 ?is bus9ess4 ,spawn diff]s v mu* 9 its appe>ance2 sometimes ! bricks %[ v little appe>ance ( ! pres5ce ( spawn1 & /ill are p]fectly good2 & aga91 we may get bricks t are pretty well int]lac$ & cl\d$ ) blui% :ite mold or f9e ?reads1 & ?is1 too1 is good4 ,:5 ! bricks are freely p]vad$ ) pron\nc$ :ite ?reads ?is is no sign t ! spawn is bad4 ,bricks dri$ z h>d z a bo>d may be p]fectly good2 s1 too1 may be ^? t are comp>atively s(t4 ,mu%room spawn %\ld h a decid$ smell ( mu%rooms1 & :atev] cobweb-l mold may be app>5t %\ld be ( a fre% blui% :ite color1 & ! f9e ?reads cle> :ite4 ,prom95t yell[i% ?reads or ve9s are a sign t ! mycelium _h />t$ to gr[ & be5 kill$4 ,di/9ct :ite mold pat*es on ! surface ( ! bricks indicate ! pres5ce ( "s o!r fung\s p>asite on ! mu%room mycelium2 ! abs5ce ( any mu%room smell 9 ! spawn indicates its wor?lessness & t ! mycelium is dead4 ,"o famili> ) mu%room spawn c tell ) consid]able c]ta9ty v liv+ spawn & v dead spawn1 b ,i am f> f conv9c$ t any "o c decide unhesitat+ly 9 ! case ( middl+ or weak spawn4 ,mr4 ,s4 ,h5%aw1 9 ,h5d]son's ,h&book ( ,plants1 tells u3 ,! quality ( ! spawn may be v easily detect$ by ! mu%room-l smell1 444 & ,i %\ld h no hesitation 9 pick+ out good spawn 9 ! d>k4 ,sangu9e1 surely1 b ,i h tri$ x & f\nd ! te/ want+4 ,m4 ,la*aume says t good spawn %[s an abundance ( blui%-:ite filam5ts well fitt$ toge!r1 & giv+ (f a /rongly m>k$ odor ( mu%rooms4 ,all ^? portions :i* %[ traces ( :ite or yell[ mold or h a fl\ry appe>ance1 %\ld be reject$ & de/roy$4 ,mr4 ,wright says3 ,a brick may be a mass ( mold9ess1 & yet be q wor?less2 & if ! mold has a spott$ appe>ance1 z if f9e :ite s& _h be5 dr$g$ on & ?r\gh ! mass1 x is c]ta9 !re is no mu%room-gr[+ p[] !re4444 ,if ?ick ?reads pass ?r\gh ! mass & !re are signs ( m9iature tub]cles on !m1 !n ! spawn may be reg>d$ z too f> gone4444 ,clu/]s ( :ite specks on ! spawn d5ote /]ility4 ,mr4 ,a4 ,d4 ,c[an1 ( ,new ,york1 :o has ! reputation ( be+ an excell5t judge ( mu%room spawn1 writes me3 ,to correctly judge ! quality ( brick spawn by its appe>ance requires exp]i5ce 9 h&l+ x1 & a tra9$ eye :i* enables "o quickly to detect good f bad1 fair to middl+4 ,z two lots seldom come exactly or ne>ly alike 9 appe>ance1 x is h>dly possible to give precise rules to foll[1 except+ ! nev]-fail+ requisite :i* ! spawn mu/ possess to be good1 namely1 ! moldy appe>ance on ! surface1 ! m ! bett]1 )\t %[+ ?reads4 ,too _m ( ^! to a giv5 space are a sure indication ( exhau/$ vitality1 aris+ g5]ally f ! bricks be+ heap$ toge!r :5 9 process ( manufacture1 be=e !y are suffici5tly dri$4 ,heal?y bricks are usually ( a du/y br[n color1 & ( light weight4 ,black color$ spawn is to be avoid$1 z a rule1 & :5 ! black appe>ance is v preval5t 9 a c>go ( bricks x is a /rong indication t ! spawn has n run its c\rse2 & z x is n expect$ to d s aft] x has rea*$ ! h&s ( ! retail] x is economy to ca/ x aside4 ,"s p]sons break a brick into sev]al pieces to see h[ x looks inside4 ,to ! exp]i5c$ eye ?is is n necess>y1 or ev5 to lay h&s ^u x1 z ! outw>d moldy appe>ance is ! be/ ( all evid5ce ( its heal?y vitality1 & ?is nev] exi/s if ! bricks h lo/ _! g]m9at+ p[]1 except+1 ( c\rse1 :]e !y h be5 kept damp1 & ! spawn has sp5t its p[]1 :i* is detect$ by ! :ite ?reads appe>+ 9 great quantity4 ,am]ican-made ,spawn4--,s f> z ,i h be5 able to f9d out by dilig5t inquiry1 mu%room spawn is n made = sale 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,b ,i am in=m$ t a few gr[]s d save & use _! own flake spawn4 ,"s ( our pr9cipal gr[]s1 ,van ,sicl51 ,g>dn]1 & ,h5%aw1 = in/ance1 9 "t pa/ attempt$ to make _! own spawn1 b ) only p>tial success1 & n[ !y conf9e !mselves to ! import$ article4 ,b ?is /ate ( affairs c n long cont9ue4 ,! dem& "h = fre% mu%rooms is s great1 ! indu/ry ( mu%room-gr[+ s important1 ! price ( import$ spawn s high1 & ! quantity ( =eign spawn import$ annually into ?is c\ntry is s l>ge1 t1 be=e long1 we hope "s "o w f9d x to 8 advantage to make a specialty ( gr[+ mu%room spawn 9 ?is c\ntry to supply ! ,am]ican m>ket4 ,!re is no practical op]ation 9 connection ) ! cultivation ( mu%rooms s little kn[n or und]/ood by ! g5]al gr[] z ! gr[+ 7or mak+1 z x is commonly call$7 & pres]v+ ( mu%room spawn4 ,g5]al cultivators 9 ,engl& & ,france 7outside ( ! ,p>is caves7 d n make _! own spawn2 x is a di/9ct bran* ( ! bus9ess1 & c>ri$ on by speciali/s :o gr[ mu%rooms = sale 9 w9t]1 & spawn 9 summ]4 ,! "t & att5tion requir$ to produce a small quantity ( fir/-class spawn are wor? m ?an ! co/ ( ! spawn at ! se$ /ore4 ,9 ord] to make spawn pr(itably we mu/ make x 9 l>ge quantity1 & we ne$ n attempt to make x unless we h good mat]ials & conditions = its prop] prep>ation1 & w give x e att5tion possible = its be/ developm5t4 ,because spawn may be made 9 ,am]ica is no reason :atev] :y ! ,am]ican p w buy x4 ,we mu/ produce1 at lea/1 z good an article z ! be/ 9 ,europe be=e we c f9d c\nt5ance 9 our home m>ket4 ,x is n ! %ape ( ! manure brick1 its size1 f9e f9i%1 h>dness1 s(tness1 or fre%ness1 t c\nts 9 ?is case2 x is ! fullness & vitality ( ! mass ( mycelium or mu%room plant t is conta9$ )9 x4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,brick ,,spawn4 ,z ! mak+ ( brick spawn = sale is n yet an ,am]ican indu/ry1 b almo/ entirely conf9$ to ,engl&1 ,i ?9k x be/ to re/rict myself to describ+ h[ x is made 9 ,engl&4 ,mr4 ,john ,f4 ,b>t]1 ( ,lancefield /reet1 ,london1 is "o ( ! mo/ successful mu%room gr[]s & spawn mak]s 9 ,great ,brita94 ,he writes me t he conf9es himself entirely to ! mu%room bus9ess2 he makes 8 liv+ by x4 ,he gr[s mu%rooms 9 ! w9t] mon?s & makes spawn 9 ! summ] mon?s2 he employs m5 = mu%room b$ mak+ f ,augu/ until ,m>*1 !n1 to keep on ! same h&s dur+ summ]1 he makes spawn = sale4 ,he gr[s = & sells 9 ! ,london m>ket ab\t #ba1jjj p\nds ( mu%rooms a ye>1 & 9 summ] makes "s #aj1jjj bu%els1 equal to #afj1jjj p\nds1 ( brick spawn = sale4 ,! am\nt ( spawn made 9 a ye> by ?is "o manufactur] is ab\t ?ree times z mu* z ! total annual importation ( mu%room spawn ( all k9ds into ?is c\ntry4 ,& he is only "o mak] among sev]al4 ,?is fact alone mu/ conv9ce u t mu%room-gr[+ is c>ri$ on to a va/ly great] ext5t 9 ,european c\ntries ?an x is "h1 :]e we h z good facilities z !y h1 & an imm5sely bett] m>ket4 ,! mann] ( mak+ ! spawn diff]s a little ) ! diff]5t manufactur]s1 & no "o c become pr(ici5t 9 x )\t practical k4 ,i ask$ ,mr4 ,b>t] if he ?\ght spawn c\ld be made pr(itably 9 ?is c\ntry1 pay+1 z we d1 #a4ej a day = labor]s1 & )\t any c]ta9ty ( ! same m5 /ay+ ) u p]man5tly4 ,he writes me3 ,unc]ta9 labor w\ld be ( no use4 ,( c\rse ! wages y pay w\ld n affect x mu*1 z ,i pay ne>ly z mu* z t = my lead+ m54 ,b to beg9 )1 y mu/ h a man t has _h "s exp]i5ce4 ,ab\t ! simple/ & be/ way ( mak+ brick spawn t ,i f9d describ$ is ! foll[+ f ,! ,g>d5]s' ,assi/ant4 ,i may "h /ate t ,rob]t ,?ompson1 ! au?or ( ?is "w1 0 = _m ye>s ! sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,royal ,horticultural ,society's g>d5s at ,*iswick1 ne> ,london1 &1 9 8 day1 0 reg>d$ z )\t a pe] 9 practical horticulture1 & liv$ 9 ! mid/ ( ! m>ket g>d5s ( ,london & ! pr9cipal mu%room-gr[+ di/rict4 ,fre% horse dropp+s1 c[ dung1 & a little loam mix$ & beat5 up ) z mu* /able dra9+s z may be necess>y to r$uce ! :ole to ! consi/5ce ( mort>4 ,x may !n be spread on ! floor ( an op5 %$1 & :5 some:at firm x may be cut into cakes ( six in*es squ>e4 ,^! %\ld be plac$ on edge 9 a dry1 airy place1 & mu/ be frequ5tly turn$ & protect$ f ra94 ,:5 half dry make a hole 9 ! broadside ( ea*1 l>ge en\gh to admit ( ab\t an in* squ>e ( good old spawn be+ ins]t$ s deep z to be a little bel[ ! surface2 close x ) "s moi/ mat]ial ! same z us$ 9 mak+ ! bricks4 ,:5 ! bricks are ne>ly dry make1 on a dry bottom1 a lay] n9e in*es ?ick ( horse dung prep>$ z = a hotb$1 & on ?is pile ! bricks r op5ly4 ,cov] ) litt] s t ! /eam & heat ( ! lay] ( dung may circulate among ! bricks4 ,! temp]ature1 h[ev]1 %\ld n rise above #fj2 !re=e1 if x is likely to d s1 ! cov]+ mu/ be r$uc$ accord+ly4 ,! spawn w soon beg9 to run ?r\gh ! bricks1 :i* %\ld be frequ5tly exam9$ :il/ ! process ( spawn+ is go+ on1 & :51 on break+1 ! spawn appe>s ?r\gh\t pretty abundantly1 l a :ite mold1 ! process has gone f> en\gh4 ,if all[$ to proce$ ! spawn w\ld =m ?reads & small tub]cles1 :i* is a /age too f> advanc$ = ! ret5tion ( its vegetative p[]s4 ,!re=e1 :5 ! spawn is obs]v$ to p]vade ! bricks ?r\gh\t l a :ite mold1 & be=e x assumes ! ?read-l =m1 x %\ld be remov$ & all[$ to dry 9 ord] to arre/ ! fur!r progress ( vegetation till requir$ = use4 ,x ought to be kept 9 a d>k & p]fectly dry place4 ,i w\ld add1 d n keep x :]e x is apt to become mu/y or moldy 9 summ]2 also keep x 9 z cool a dry place z possible 9 summ]1 & always above #ce 9 w9t]4 ,^! o!r recipes are also giv53 #a4 ,horse dropp+s "o "p1 c[ dung "o-f\r?1 loam "o tw5tie?4 #b4 ,fre% horse dropp+s mix$ ) %ort litt] "o "p1 c[ dung "o-?ird1 & a small portion ( loam4 #c4 ,equal p>ts ( horse dung1 c[ dung1 & %eep's dung1 ) ! addition ( "s rott5 leaves or old hotb$ dung4 #d4 ,horse dung "o "p1 c[ dung two p>ts1 %eep's dung "o "p4 #e4 ,horse dropp+s f ! roads "o "p1 c[ dung two p>ts1 mix$ ) a little loam4 #f4 ,horse dung1 c[ dung1 & loam1 9 equal p>ts4 ,f ! above x appe>s t horse dung & c[ dung are ! pr9cipals 9 spawn bricks2 ! loam is add$ = ! purpose ( mak+ ! o!r mat]ials hold toge!r2 x also absorbs ! ammonia1 :i* o!rwise w\ld pass (f4 ,j4 ,burton's ,me?od4 ,f ,! ,kit*5 & ,m>ket ,g>d54--,make ! spawn 9 e>ly spr+4 ,z c[ manure is ! pr9cipal +r$i5t us$ 9 mak+ ! bricks ?is %\ld be secur$ be=e ! animals get any gre5 food4 ,/ore x on ! floor ( an op51 dry1 airy %$1 & turn x e few days = a week or two4 ,!n add an equal "p ( ! foll[+3 ,fre% horse dropp+s1 a little loam1 & *opp$ /raw1 mix$ toge!r4 ,! :ole %\ld !n be work$ well toge!r & !n trodd5 d[n1 aft] :i* x may be all[$ to rema9 = a few days1 :5 x w be requir$ to be turn$ two or ?ree times a week4 ,if ! wea!r be f9e & dry ! mass w soon be 9 a fit condition = mold+ into bricks1 :i* process c be p]=m$ by us+ a mold 9 ! same way z ! brick mak]s1 or1 444 ! manure may be spread ev5ly on ! floor to a ?ickness ( six in*es1 & !n be firmly trodd5 & beat5 d[n ev5ly ) ! back ( ! spade4 ,x %\ld !n be l9$ out to ! requir$ size ( ! bricks1 & be cut ) a %>p spade or turf+ iron4 ,9 a few days ! bricks w be suffici5tly dry to h&le1 :5 !y %\ld be set up edgeways to dry ?or\ghly1 & if expos$ to ! sun = two or ?ree days !y w be ready to receive ! spawn4 ,9 introduc+ ! spawn two holes l>ge en\gh to admit a piece ( spawn z big z a pigeon's egg %\ld be cut 9 ea* brick at equal di/ances4 ,?is %\ld be well beat5 9 & ! surface made ev5 ) a little manure4 ,! bricks %\ld !n be collect$ toge!r 9 a heap & cov]$ ) en\gh %ort manure to cause a g5tle heat1 be+ c>eful t !re is no rank heat or /eam to kill ! spawn4 ,?is mu/ be c>efully att5d$ to until ! spawn is f\nd to h p5etrat$ ?r\gh ! :ole ( ! bricks1 aft] :i* !y %\ld be /ack$ away 9 any conv5i5t dry place4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,fr5* 7flake7 ,,spawn4 ,i c n d bett] ?an to let a practical ,fr5*man engag$ 9 ! bus9ess tell ?is /ory4 ,9 ,vol4 ,,xiii ( ! ,london ,g>d5 ,i f9d an ,engli% translation ( ,m4 ,la*aume's book1 ,! ,cave ,mu%room1 & ?is comm5t by ! editor3 ,! mo/ complete acc\nt ( ! cave culture ( mu%rooms :i* has be5 publi%$ by any cultivator on ! spot well acqua9t$ ) ! subject is t rec5tly publi%$ by ,m4 ,la*aume4 ,la*aume says3 ,! be/ spawn to use is :at is call$ 'virg9 spawn'2 t is to say1 :i* has n yet produc$ mu%rooms4 ,9 ?is c\ntry ?is k9d ( spawn may be procur$ ( any respectable nurs]yman1 "u ! "n ( ',fr5* spawn4' ,x diff]s f ,engli% spawn by be+ 9 ! =m ( small tufty cakes1 in/ead ( 9 compact blocks4 ,l>ge mu%room gr[]s1 h[ev]1 always provide !mselves ) _! own spawn by tak+ x f a b$ :i* is j ab\t to produce its crop1 or :i* has already produc$ a few small mu%rooms4444 ,x is true t by ?us 'bre$+ 9 & 91' z x 71 ! mu%rooms %[ a t5d5cy to det]iorate aft] a "t2 new spawn mu/ !re=e be obta9$ z soon z any signs ( det]ioration beg9 to manife/ !mselves4 ,mak+ ,fr5* ,virg9 ,spawn4--,cond5s$ f ,la*aume's book on mu%rooms4 ,take five or six b>r[ loads ( horse dropp+s t h la9 9 a heap = "s "t1 & lo/ _! heat1 & mix !m ) "o-f\r? ( _! bulk ( %ort /able litt]4 ,!n1 9 ,april1 op5 a tr5* two feet wide1 tw5ty in*es deep1 & l5g? to suit1 at ! foot (1 b eight in*es di/ant f1 a wall fac+ nor?4 ,9 ! bottom ( ! tr5* spread a lay] ?ree to f\r in*es deep ( *opp$ /raw1 !n an equally ?ick lay] ( ! prep>$ manure1 all press$ firmly by tread+ x d[n4 ,! two lay]s mu/ n[ be g5tly wat]$1 & !n ano!r d\ble lay] ( *opp$ /raw & dropp+s mu/ be laid1 trodd5 d[n & wat]$1 & s on until ! top ( ! tr5* is rea*$4 ,! b$ ought to rise above ! level ( ! gr\nd & be r\nd$ (f l ! top ( a trunk4 ,to prev5t excessive dampness f heavy ra9 cov] ! m\nd ) a ?ick lay] ( /able litt]4 ,?ree mon?s aft] fill+ ! tr5* x %\ld be op5$ at ! side or end4 ,if ! pieces ( manure are well cov]$ ) masses ( blui%-:ite filam5ts1 giv+ (f ! odor ( mu%rooms1 ! op]ation has succe$$1 & ! spawn is fit = use or = dry+ to pres]ve = future use4 ,b if ! ?reads are only sp>+ly scatt]$ ?r\gh ! mass1 ! tr5* %\ld be cov]$ up aga9 & left = ano!r mon?4 ,9 sav+ ! spawn ! flakes ( manure conta9+ ! l>ge/ am\nt ( spawn filam5ts %\ld be reta9$1 & ^? %[+ a br[n appe>ance reject$4 ,9 ord] to facilitate ! dry+ ( ! spawn ! flakes %\ld be brok5 into pieces1 weigh+ f "o to two p\nds2 !y are !n plac$ 9 a well v5tilat$ %$1 b !y mu/ n be pil$ ^u ea* o!r4 ,prop]ly prep>$ & dri$ ?is spawn keeps good = t5 ye>s4 ,a ,second ,me?od 7by ,la*aume74 ,?is is g5]ally adopt$ by mu%room gr[]s4 ,! =mation ( ! spawn is accel]at$ by add+ pieces ( old spawn "h & !re4444 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ,april we mu/ *oose a piece ( gr\nd situat$ at ! foot ( a wall fac+ nor?4444 ,! soil ought to be v op5 & light r ?an heavy1 s z to avoid dampness4 ,tak+ advantage ( a f9e day1 we op5 a tr5* sixte5 in*es wide & at ab\t eight in*es f ! foot ( ! wall1 & ( a l5g? adapt$ to ! quantity ( spawn we desire to produce4 ,! e>? is ?r[n out on ! side opposite ! wall4 ,manure :i* has be5 prep>$ = a mu%room b$1 & has j come into condition is !n fill$ into ! tr5*1 leav+1 h[ev]1 a space at "o end ( x ab\t two feet & six in*es 9 l5g? = ! =mation ( a mu%room b$1 :i* is made by toss+ ! manure ab\t & %ak+ x up ) ! h&s1 aft] :i* x is press$ d[n ) ! h&s & knees4 ,z soon z ! lay] ( manure rea*es six in*es 9 ?ickness we place along ! edge a numb] ( lumps ( spawn at ab\t "o foot ap>t4 ,^! lumps are plac$ level ) ! manure on ! edge fac+ ! wall4 ,?is portion ( ! surface ( ! manure ought to be rais$ v]tically1 & %\ld lean aga9/ ! e>!n wall ( ! tr5*4 ,! o!r half ( ! surface ought to slope g5tly t[>d ! wall1 leav+ a space ( ?ree or f\r in*es betwe5 x & ! side ( ! tr5*1 s t x may be trimm$4 ,! lumps ( spawn on ?is surface %\ld be plac$ a little backw>d1 s t !y may n be brok5 :5 ! b$ is trimm$4 ,! b$ is !n cov]$ ) m manure1 until ! fir/ lumps ( spawn are buri$ ?ree or f\r in*es deep4 ,a second r[ ( lumps ( spawn is !n ins]t$1 z describ$ 9 ! directions = mak+ ! fir/ r[1 & ! b$ is fill$ up level ) ! surface ( ! soil4 ,x is f9i%$ by cov]+ x up ) a lay] ( f9e1 dry soil ?ree or f\r in*es ?ick4 ,! spawn ought to be v dry1 o!rwise we %all get a premature crop ( mu%rooms in/ead ( fre% spawn4 ,at ! end ( six weeks or a c\ple ( mon?s ! new spawn ought to make its appe>ance1 a fact :i* we may le>n by op5+ ! b$4 ,"o sign1 :i* w save u ! tr\ble ( op5+ up ! b$s1 is ! appe>ance ( "y mu%rooms on ! surface4 ,! lay] ( e>? is fir/ remov$1 & !n ! cakes ( spawn are treat$ z describ$ 9 ! directions giv5 = ! fir/ me?od ( mak+ spawn4 ,?ird ,me?od 7by ,la*aume74 ,by fill+ 9 a tr5* l t describ$ 9 ! fir/ me?od1 by a s]ies ( lay]s ( "o-?ird ( pigeon or f[l guano1 & two-?irds ( %ort manure1 conta9+ a l>ge proportion ( sp5t horse dropp+s1 tread+ x d[n firmly1 wat]+ x if x is too dry1 & f9i%+ up ) a lay] ( soil1 z describ$ already1 we may1 at ! end ( a c\ple ( mon?s1 or ev5 a little long]1 procure a supply ( well-=m$ cakes ( spawn ( excell5t quality1 :i* may be us$ 9 ! ord9>y mann]4 ,f ,mr4 ,rob9son's ,mu%room ,culture4 ,?is 7,fr5*7 spawn is obta9$ by prep>+ a little b$1 z if = mu%rooms1 9 ! ord9>y way1 & spawn+ x ) morsels ( virg9 spawn1 if t is obta9able2 & !n :5 ! spawn has spread ?r\gh x1 ! b$ is brok5 up & us$ = spawn+ b$s 9 ! caves1 or dri$ & pres]v$ = sale4 ,f ,mr4 ,wright's book on mu%rooms4 ,fr5* spawn 444 is conta9$ 9 flakes ( manure4 ,nei!r is x virg9 spawn1 nor d]iv$ imm$iately f x1 444 b is spawn tak5 f "o b$ = impregnat+ ano!r4 ,relative ,m]its ( ,flake & ,brick ,spawn4--,! flake or ,fr5* spawn co/s ab\t ?ree times z mu* z ! brick or ,engli% spawn1 &1 z x is s mu* :it] ) mycelium ?an is ! brick spawn1 _m believe t x is m pot5t & well wor? ! additional co/4 ,9 spawn+ ! b$s ,i use two p\nds ( flake spawn to plant ! same space = :i* ,i w\ld use five p\nds ( brick spawn1 & ?is gives a capital crop1 ) numb] ( mu%rooms a little 9 favor ( ! flake spawn1 b on acc\nt ( ! l>g] size ( ! mu%rooms ! weight ( crop is consid]ably 9 favor ( ! brick spawn4 ,& ,i f9d m c]ta9ty ( a crop 9 ! case ( ! brick spawn ?an 9 ! o!r4 ,reg>d+ ! respective m]its ( brick & flake spawn1 ,mr4 ,b>t]1 9 response to my inquiry1 writes me3 ,i h tri$ !m bo?1 & "k brick spawn to be f> ! be/4 ,y see1 ,i d no?+ b ?is mu%room bus9ess = a liv+1 s1 ( c\rse1 w\ld use ! be/ k9d ( spawn = my crop4 ,g5]ally ! ,fr5* spawn produces "o-?ird less mu%rooms ?an does ! brick spawn f ! same l5g? ( b$1 besides1 ^? f ! brick spawn are by f> ! heavie/ & fle%ie/4 ,i w\ld "h obs]ve t ,mr4 ,b>t]'s rem>ks apply m to ridge b$s out ( doors ?an b$s 9 ! cell> or mu%room h\se4 ,& x is odd1 b true1 t ! flake spawn does n produce z good results 9 outdoor b$s z x does 9 ^? "u cov]4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,spawn+ ,,! ,,b$s4 ,aft] ! mu%room b$ is made up x %\ld1 )9 a few days1 w>m to a temp]ature ( #aaj to #abj4 ,c>efully obs]ve ?is1 & nev] spawn a b$ :5 ! heat is ris+1 or :5 x is w>m] ?an #ajj1 b always :5 x is on ! decl9e & "u #ij4 ,9 ?is !re is p]fect safety4 ,h a gr\nd !rmomet] & keep x plung$ 9 ! b$2 by pull+ x out & look+ at x "o c "k exactly ! temp]ature ( ! b$4 ,h a few /raight1 smoo? /akes1 l %ort walk+ canes1 & /ick ! end ( ^! into ! b$1 twelve to tw5ty feet ap>t2 by pull+ !m out & feel+ !m ) ! h& "o c tell pretty closely :at ! temp]ature ( ! b$ is4 ,all practical mu%room gr[]s "k t if ! temp]ature ( a twelve in* ?ick b$ at sev5 in*es f ! surface is #ajj1 t )9 an in* ( ! surface ( ! b$ w only be ab\t #ie indoors1 & #he to #ij out ( doors4 ,also1 t :5 ! heat ( ! manure is on ! decl9e x falls q rapidly1 five1 (t5 t5 degrees1 a day1 till x rea*es ab\t #ge1 & betwe5 t & #fe x may re/ = weeks4 ,"s ye>s ago ,i gave consid]able att5tion to ?is matt] ( spawn+ b$s at diff]5t temp]atures4 ,spawn plant$ z soon z ! b$ 0 made 7five days aft] spawn+ ! heat 9 int]ior ( b$ ran up to #abc7 yield$ no mu%rooms1 ! mycelium be+ kill$4 ,! same 0 ! case 9 all b$s :]e ! spawn _h be5 plant$ be=e ! heat 9 ! b$s _h atta9$ its maximum 7#abj or ov]74 ,:]e ! heat 9 ! middle ( ! b$ nev] rea*$ #aae1 ! spawn put 9 :5 ! b$ 0 made1 & mold$ ov] ! same day1 yield$ a small crop ( mu%rooms4 ,a b$ 9 :i* ! heat 0 decl9+ 0 spawn$ at #aaj2 ?is bore a v good crop1 & at #ajj & "u to #fe good crops 9 e case 7 secur$1 ) sev]al days' delay 9 be>+ 9 ! case ( ! l[e/ temp]atures4 ,b not)/&+ ^! facts1 my advice to all beg9n]s 9 mu%room gr[+ is1 wait until ! heat ( ! b$ is on ! decl9e & fall5 to at lea/ #ij1 be=e ins]t+ ! spawn4 ,writ+ to me ab\t spawn+ 8 b$s1 ,mr4 ,)+ton1 ( ,new ,j]sey1 says3 ,i believe a b$ spawn$ at #fj to #gj1 & kept at #ee aft] ! mu%rooms appe>1 w give bett] results ?an "o spawn$ at a high] temp]ature1 say #ij4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bc4 ,,brick ,,spawn ,,cut ,,9 ,,pieces ,,= ,,plant+4 ,prep>+ ! ,spawn4--,if brick spawn is us$ cut up ! bricks 7/&>d size7 into t5 or twelve pieces ) a %>p hat*et1 & avoid1 z mu* z possible1 mak+ _m crumbs1 z is ! case g5]ally :5 a hamm] or mallet is us$ 9 break+ ! bricks4 ,extra l>ge pieces ( spawn are apt to produce l>ge clumps ( mu%rooms1 b ?is is n always an advantage1 z :5 _m mu%rooms gr[ toge!r 9 a clump !y are apt to be some:at und]siz$1 & 9 ga!r+ we c n pluck !m all out clean en\gh s z n to leave a "p ( ! root 9 ! gr\nd to poison ! balance ( ! clump1 9 cases :]e sev]al or _m ( !m spr+ f "o common base4 ,ins]t+ ! ,spawn4--,:5 brick spawn is us$ plant ! lumps ab\t an in* deep "u ! surface ( ! manure1 & ab\t t5 in*es ap>t ea* way4 ,if ! spawn looks v good1 & ! lumps are l>ge d n plant !m q s close z :5 ! spawn %[s less mycelium 9 x1 & ! lumps are small4 ,nev] use a dibb] 9 plant+ spawn2 simply make a hole 9 ! manure ) ! f+]s1 ins]t ! lump & cov] x ov] at once1 & z soon z ! b$ has be5 plant$ firm x well all ov]4 ,al?\gh ! lumps are buri$ only an in* deep "u ! manure1 we h to make a hole ?ree or f\r in*es deep to pu% ! lump into to get x buri$4 ,fr5* or flake spawn is ins]t$ 9 mu* ! same way & at ab\t ! same di/ance1 only1 in/ead ( cutt+ x up into lumps1 we m]ely break x into flaky pieces ab\t ?ree in*es long by an in* ?ick1 & 9 plant+ x 9 ! b$s1 9 place ( pu%+ x into ! hole1 lay 9 ! flake on its flat side & at once cov] x4 ,_m gr[]s plant spawn a good deal deep] ?an ,i d1 b ,i h nev] f\nd any advantage 9 deep plant+4 ,9 mod]ately w>m b$s1 or b$s t are likely to reta9 _! heat = a consid]able "t1 ,i am satisfi$ t %all[ plant+ is bett] ?an deep plant+4 ,:5 we want to mold ov] our b$s soon aft] spawn+ !m1 %all[ plant+ is to be recomm5d$4 ,b if ! b$s are only #ge to #gh1 be=e be+ spawn$2 !n ,i ?9k deep plant+ is bett] ?an %all[ plant+1 because ! g5ial temp]ature gives ! mycelium a bett] />t 9 life ?an w\ld ! cool] manure ne>] ! surface4 ,if !re is any likelihood ( ! surface manure gett+ wet f ! cond5s$ moi/ure ( ! atmosph]e1 ,i w\ld aga9 cov] ov] ! b$s ) "s hay or /raw1 & let x rema9 on until mold+ "t4 ,& if ! b$ is a little sluggi%1--t is1 cool1--?is cov]+ w help 9 keep+ x w>m4 ,outside b$s %\ld be mold$ ov] 9 ?ree or f\r days aft] spawn+2 inside b$s 9 eight to t5 days4 ,/eep$ ,spawn4--,z brick spawn is s h>d & dry ,i h tri$ ! effect ( /eep+ x 9 tepid wat] be=e plant+2 "s pieces 7 m]ely dipp$ 9 ! wat]1 & o!rs all[$ to soak 9 ! pails "o-half1 "o1 five1 & t5 h\rs4 ,! effect 0 prejudicial 9 e in/ance & ru9\s 9 ! case ( ! long-soak$ pieces4 ,flake ,spawn4--,?is is produc$ by break+ up ! brick spawn into pieces ab\t two in*es squ>e & mix+ !m 9 a heap ( manure t is f]m5t+ g5tly4 ,aft] ly+ 9 ?is heap ab\t ?ree weeks x w be f\nd "o mass ( spawn1 & j 9 ! "r condition = runn+ vigor\sly all ?r\gh ! b$ 9 a v %ort "t4444 ,:5 flake spawn is us$ ! appe>ance ( ! crop is f two to ?ree weeks e>li] ?an :5 brick spawn is us$4--,mr4 ,h5%aw1 9 fir/ edition ( ,h5d]son's ,h&book ( ,plants4 ,i h tri$ ?is me?od & giv5 x c>eful att5tion1 b ! results 7 inf]ior to ^? obta9$ :]e pla91 common brick spawn _h be5 us$ at once4 ,9 all my practice ,i h f\nd t any di/urbance ( ! spawn :5 9 active gr[? :i* w\ld cause a break+1 expos+1 or arre/+ ( ! ?reads ( ! mycelium has always _h a weak5+ influ5ce ^u x4 ,i h transplant$ pieces ( work+ spawn f "o b$ to ano!r1 z ! ,fr5* gr[]s d1 b am satisfi$ t ,i get bett] crops & l>g] mu%rooms f b$s spawn$ ) dry spawn ?an f b$s plant$ ) work+ spawn f any o!r b$s4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,loam ,,= ,,! ,,b$s4 ,9 gr[+ mu%rooms we ne$ loam = cas+ ! b$s aft] !y are spawn$1 topdress+ ! be>+ b$s :5 !y fir/ %[ signs ( exhau/ion1 fill+ up ! cavities 9 ! surface ( ! b$s caus$ by ! removal ( ! mu%room /umps1 & = mix+ ) manure to =m ! b$s4 ,! selection ( soil dep5ds a good deal on :at k9d ( soil we h at h&1 or c readily obta94 ,! be/ k9d ( loam = e purpose 9 connection ) mu%room-gr[+ is ri*1 fre%1 mell[ soil1 su* z flori/s eag]ly seek = pott+ & o!r gre5h\se purposes4 ,9 e>ly fall ,i get toge!r a pile ( fre% sod loam1 t is1 ! top spit f a pa/ure field1 b d n add any manure to x4 ,( c\rse1 :ile ?is conta9s a good deal ( grassy sod !re is mu* f9e soil among x1 & ?is is :at ,i use = mu%rooms4 ,be=e us+ x ,i break up ! sods ) a spade or =k1 ?r[ aside ! v t\ghe/ p>ts ( !m1 & use ! f9] e>?y portion1 b always 9 its r\gh /ate1 & nev] sift$4 ,! gre51 soddy p>ts t are n too r\gh are all[$ to rema9 9 ! soil1 = !y d no h>m :atev]1 ei!r 9 arre/+ ! mycelium or *eck+ ! mu%rooms1 & !re is no dang] t ! grass w\ld gr[ up & smo!r ! mu%rooms4 ,common loam f an op51 well-dra9$ fall[ field is good1 &1 if ! soil is naturally ri*1 excell5t = any purpose4 ,b d n take x f ! wet p>ts ( ! fields4 ,reject all /ones1 r\gh clods1 tussocks1 & ! l4 ,su* loam may be us$ at once4 ,ord9>y g>d5 soil is us$ m frequ5tly ?an any o!r sort1 & altoge!r ) highly satisfactory results4 ,! greate/ objection ,i h to x is ! am\nt ( insects x is apt to conta9 on acc\nt ( its (t5 repeat$ heavy manur+s4 ,roadside dirt1 :e!r loamy or gritty1 may also be us$ ) good results4 ,if free f we$s1 /icks1 /ones & r\gh drift1 x may be us$ at once1 b x is mu* bett] to /ack x 9 a pile to rot = a few mon?s be=e us+4 ,s&y soil1 su* z occurs 9 ! wat]-%$ drifts along ! roads & :]e x has be5 wa%$ into ! fields1 is mu* inf]ior to /iff] & m fibr\s e>?4 ,i h us$ ! ri* d>k color$ soil f slopes & dry holl[s 9 woods1 &1 odd ?\gh x may appe>1 z mu%rooms d n naturally gr[ 9 woods1 ) success4 ,b x is n z good z loam f ! op5 field4 ,peat soil or swamp muck t has be5 compo/$ = two or ?ree ye>s has fail$ to give me good returns4 ,! mu%rooms w come up ?r\gh x all "r1 b !y d n take k9dly to x4 ,heavy1 clayey loam is1 9 "o way1 excell5t1 9 ano!r1 n s good4 ,s long z we c keep x equably moi/ )\t mak+ x muddy x is all "r1 b if we let x get a little too dry x cracks1 & 9 ?is way breaks ! ?reads ( ! spawn & ru9s ! mu%rooms t 7 f$ ?r\gh !m4 ,loam ,conta9+ ,old ,manure4--,loam 9 :i* !re is a good deal ( old1 undecompos$ manure1 su* z ! ri* soil ( our vegetable g>d5s1 is unqualifi$ly condemn$ by "s writ]s because ( ! quantity ( spuri\s & noxi\s fungi x is suppos$ to produce :5 us$ 9 mu%room b$s4 ,b ,i c n jo9 9 ?is d5unciation because my exp]i5ce does n ju/ify x4 ,?is e>? is ! only k9d us$ by _m m>ket g>d5]s1 z !y h no o!r1 & c]ta9ly )\t app>5t injuri\s effect4 ,:5 ,i 0 connect$ ) ! ,london m>ket g>d5s1 "s tw5ty ye>s ago1 ,/eele1 ,bagley1 ,broadb5t1 & ! o!r l>ge mu%room gr[]s 9 ! ,fulham ,fields cas$ all ( _! b$s ) ! common g>d5 soil--p]haps ! mo/ manure-fill$ soil on ! face ( ! e>?--& spuri\s fungi nev] tr\bl$ !m4 ,inde$1 ,i c n und]/& :y x %\ld produce baneful crops ( toad/ools :5 us$ 9 mu%room b$s1 & no toad/ools :5 us$ = o!r horticultural purposes1 z on our c>nation b5*es 9 gre5h\ses1 9 our lettuce or cucumb] b$s1 or 9 ! case ( pott$ plants4 ,true1 spuri\s fungi may appe> 9 ! e>? on our gre5h\se b5*es or frame b$s or mu%room b$s at any "t & 9 m or less quantity1 b ,i am conv9c$ t ! ri* e>? ( ! vegetable g>d5 has no m to d ) produc+ toad/ools ?an has any o!r good soil1 & old manure has f> less to d ) x ?an has fre% manure4 ,all practical g>d5]s "k h[ apt hotb$s1 9 spr+ :5 _! heat is on ! decl9e1 are to produce a numb] ( toad/ools2 &1 also1 t :5 ! b$ is sp5t1 t is1 :5 ! heat is altoge!r gone1 ! t5d5cy to be> toad/ools has gone too4 ,?is peculi>ity is m app>5t 9 spr+ ?an 9 fall4 ,all mu%room gr[]s "k t spuri\s fungi1 :5 !y appe> at all1 are mo/ num]\s ?ree to two weeks be=e x is "t = ! mu%rooms to come 9 sight4 ,! same gr[? appe>s 9 ! manure piles out 9 ! y>d2 a few weeks aft] ! /rong heat ( ! manure has gone lots ( toad/ools may be obs]v$ on & ab\t ! heaps1 b on ! piles ( well-rott$ cold manure we seldom f9d toad/ools at all4 ,! fre%1 clean /able manure us$ 9 mu%room-gr[+ is n apt to be *>g$ ) ! spores ( p]nici\s toad/ools2 _! pres5ce is always mo/ m>k$ 9 ! case ( mix$ manures4 ,& !re is a curr5t idea t mu%rooms w n ?rive 9 b$s 9 :i* old manure ab\nds1 ei!r 9 ! loam or f]m5t+ mat]ial2 t x kills ! mycelium4 ,?is1 too1 ,i mu/ refute4 ,i h se5 heavy crops ( spontane\s mu%rooms come up 9 violet & c>nation b$s 9 w9t]1 & :]e ! soil consi/$ ( at lea/ "o-f\r? ( rott$ manure well mix$ ) ! e>?4 ,9 cucumb] & lettuce b$s ! same ?+ has tak5 place4 ,& 9 simil> b$s t h be5 plant$ artificially ) spawn1 good crops ( mu%rooms h also be5 rais$1 & ! mycelium1 in/ead ( evad+ ! lumps ( old manure 9 ! soil (t5 =ms a :ite web "r ?r\gh !m4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,e>?+ ,,ov] ,,! ,,b$s4 ,?is is an important op]ation 9 mu%room-gr[+1 & ! "o = :i* loam is indisp5sable4 ,x consi/s 9 cov]+ ! manure b$s1 aft] !y h be5 spawn$1 ) a coat+1 or cas+ z x is m commonly call$1 ( loam4 ,! spawn spreads 9 ! manure & rises up into ! cas+1 :]e mo/ ( ! "y mu%rooms develop1 & all f9d a firm foo?old4 ,! loam also contributes to _! su/5ance4 ,& x protects ! manure1 h5ce ! spawn1 f sudd5 fluctuations ( temp]ature1 & pres]ves x f undue wett+ or dry+4 ,! be/ soil to use = ?is purpose is ri*1 fibr\s1 mell[ loam1 su* z is describ$1 page #ajj4 ,if ! manure is fre% & 9 good condition & ! b$s are 9 a snug cell> or clos$ mu%room h\se1 ,i w\ld n case !m until ! second week aft] spawn+1 say ab\t ! eigh? or t5? day2 b 7 ^! same b$s 9 an op51 airy %$ or o!r build+ ,i w\ld case !m ov] "s days e>li]1 say ! f\r? or fif? day4 ,a fe> is (t5 express$ t :5 b$s are cas$ )9 ?ree or f\r days aft] be+ spawn$ ! close exclusion ( ! manure f ! air is apt to raise ! heat ( ! manure 9 ! b$1 & !reby de/roy ! spawn2 b ,i h nev] kn[n ( any tru? 9 ?is !ory1 & ) well-prep>$ manure ,i am satisfi$ no brisk reheat+ takes place1 at lea/ ! !rmomet] does n indicate x4 ,! great dang] ( e>ly cas+ is 9 kill+ ! spawn by bury+ x too deep 9 damp mat]ial & be=e x has begun to run ?r\gh ! manure4 ,i h conduct$ sev]al exp]im5ts 9 ord] to satisfy myself reg>d+ :5 is ! prop] "t to case ! b$s1 & h f\nd no diff]5ce 9 results betwe5 b$s t 7 cas$ ov] z soon z !y 7 spawn$ & o!rs t 7 n cas$ ov] until ! f\r?1 sev5?1 t5?1 or f\rte5? day aft] spawn+4 ,! good or bad results 9 ! "t ( cas+ dep5d on ! condition ( ! manure 9 ! b$s1 ! dep? at :i* ! spawn has be5 ins]t$1 ! op5ness or clos5ess ( ! place 9 :i* ! b$s are situat$1 & o!r cultural conditions4 ,b to delay cas+ z late z ! fifte5? or sixte5? day aft] spawn+ is injuri\s to ! crop1 because 9 apply+ ! cov]+ ( soil we are sure to break _m ( ! mycelium ?reads t h by ?is "t s freely p]meat$ ! surface ( ! manure4 ,aft] ! f\r? week little :ite knots may be obs]v$ "h & !re on ! spawn ?reads2 ^! are =m+ mu%rooms1 & to delay cas+ ! b$ until ?is "t w\ld smo!r ^! little p9heads1 & greatly m> our prospects ( a good crop4 ,pet] ,h5d]son1 9 8 invaluable "w1 ,g>d5+ = ,pr(it1 has giv5 rise to a deep seat$ prejudice aga9/ mold+ ov] mu%room b$s z soon z !y are spawn$ by tell+ u t 9 8 fir/ attempt at mu%room-gr[+ he _h labor$ = two ye>s )\t be+ able to produce a s+le mu%room1 & all because he mold$ ov] 8 b$s ) a two-in* cas+ ( loam j z soon z he _h spawn$ !m4 ,!n he *ang$ 8 tactics1 & did n mold ov] ! b$s until ! t5? or twelf? day aft] spawn+1 & 0 rew>d$ ) good crops ( mu%rooms4 ,n[1 not)/&+ ,mr4 ,h5d]son's exp]i5ce1 x is a fact t _m excell5t gr[]s spawn & mold _! b$s ! same day1 & ) success4 ,b ,mr4 ,h4 has done mu* good 9 display+ a rock aga9/ :i* _m might be wreck$1 s mu* dep5ds ^u o!r cultural conditions4 ,! old practice ( ins]t+ ! spawn ?ree or m in*es deep into ! manure b$ & !n mold+ x at once ) two in*es deep ( loam 0 en\gh to de/roy ! mo/ pot5t spawn2 n[adays we b>ely cov] ! spawn ) ! manure1 & ?is is h[ mold+ ov] at once is s successful4 ,all ! prep>ation necess>y is to h ! loam 9 m$ium dry1 mell[ condition1 well brok5 up ) ! spade or digg+ =k1 & fre$ f /icks1 /ones1 big roots1 clods1 *unks ( old manure1 & ! l4 ,sift+ ! soil = cas+ ! b$s is labor lo/4 ,sift$ soil has no advantage ov] unsift$ e>?1 except :5 x is to be us$ = topdress+ ! be>+ b$s or fill+ up ! holes 9 _! surface4 ,! condition ( ! soil %\ld be mell[ b incl9$ to moi/4 ,if wet x c only be us$ clumsily & spread ) difficulty2 if dry x c be spread easily b n made firm1 & on ridge b$s c n be put on ev5ly4 ,b :5 mod]ately moi/ x c be spread easily & ev5ly on flat or r\nd$ surfaces1 & made firm & smoo?4 ,h[ deep ! mold %all be put ^u ! b$ is also an unsettl$ "q4 ,"s gr[]s recomm5d ?ree-f\r?s ( an in*1 o!rs "o1 "o & "o-half1 two1 or two & "o-half in*es1 & "s ( our be/ gr[]s ( fifty or sev5ty-five ye>s ago 7 emphatic 9 ass]t+ ?ree in*es z ! prop] dep?1 b among rec5t writ]s ,i d n f9d any :o g beyond two & "o-half in*es4 ,my own exp]i5ce is 9 favor ( a heavy cov]+1 say "o & "o-half to two in*es4 ,9 ! case ( a ?9 cov]+ ! mu%rooms come up all "r b _! texture is n z solid z x is 9 ! case ( a heavy cov]+1 nor d ! b$s cont9ue z long 9 be>+2 besides1 fogg+ (f is mu* m preval5t "u ?9ly cov]$ ?an "u heavily cov]$ b$s2 also1 :5 ! coat+ ( loam is heavy a great _m m ( ! p9heads develop into full siz$ mu%rooms ?an 9 ! case ( ?9ly mold$ b$s4 ,op9ions diff] z to firm+ ! soil4 ,i am 9 favor ( pack+ ! soil q firm1 & h nev] se5 good mu%rooms t c\ld n come ?r\gh a well firm$ cas+ ( loam1 & ,i nev] knew ( an in/ance :]e firm cas+ /opp$ or *eck$ ! spread+ ( ! mycelium or ! developm5t ( ! mu%rooms4 ,9 ! case ( flat b$s1--= in/ance1 ^? made on %elves & floors1--a slightly compact$ coat+ 7& ?is is all ,mr4 ,j4 ,g4 ,g>dn] uses7 may be all "r1 b 9 ! case ( alongside-(-walls1 ridge1 & o!r r\nd$ b$s ,i mu* pref] & always use solidly compact$ cas+s4 ,mr4 ,h5%aw has = sev]al ye>s us$ gre5 sods ab\t two in*es ?ick1 put all ov] ! b$1 grass side d[n1 & beat5 firmly4 ,! advantage ( us+ sods in/ead ( soil1 he ?9ks1 is t ! "y clu/]s ( mu%rooms nev] damp or fogg (f z !y are apt to d :5 soil is us$4 ,i h giv5 ?is gre5 sods me?od repeat$ & c>eful trials1 & am satisfi$ t x has no advantages1 9 any way1 ov] common fibr\s loam2 inde$1 x is n z good4 ,no matt] h[ firmly a sod1 hav+ its gre5 side d[n1 may be beat5 on to a b$ ( manure1 !re is b>ely any union betwe5 ! two2 ! sod m]ely re/s ^u ! dung1 b s closely t ! mycelium ent]s x freely4 ,a slight movem5t or displacem5t ( ! sod aft] ! spawn ent]s x w break ! ?reads ( mycelium betwe5 ! manure & ! sod1 & ?is w de/roy ! immature mu%rooms =m+ 9 ! sod4 ,?is gave me a good deal ( tr\ble4 ,/epp+ on ! sod w\ld di/urb x4 ,a clump ( /rong mu%rooms =m$ "u x sometimes displaces x 9 =c+ _! way to ! surface4 ,sods are only fit = use on flat b$s :]e !y c lie solid2 on r\nd$ or ridge b$s !y are too liable to be di/urb$4 ,& ! tr\ble & exp5se ( procur+ sods are too great to w>rant _! use1 ev5 if !y _h any advantages4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,topdress+ ,,) ,,loam4 ,9 b$s t are 9 full be>+ or a little pa/ _! be/ we (t5 f9d multitudes ( v small or :at we call p9head mu%rooms1 t seem to be sitt+ "r on ! top ( ! loam1 or clumps t h be5 rais$ a little above ! surface by gr[+ 9 bun*es1 or :at we t]m rocks2 n[ a topdress+ ( f9ely sift$ fre% loam1 ab\t "o-f\r? to "o-half in* ?ick1 spread all ov] ! b$1 w help ^! mu%rooms mat]ially )\t do+ any ( !m h>m4 ,b :ile ?is topdress+ assi/s all mu%rooms t are visible above gr\nd1 no matt] h[ small !y may be :5 ! dress+ is appli$1 ,i am n conv9c$ t x induces great] f]tility 9 ! spawn1 or1 9 o!r words1 induces ! spawn to spread fur!r & produce m mu%rooms ?an x w\ld 7 no topdress+ appli$4 ,i "k t ?is is contr>y to ! op9ions & writ+s ( _m1 at ! same "t x is accord+ to my own obs]vation4 ,g ov] ! b$ v c>efully & pick out e s(t or fogg$-(f mu%room1 no matt] h[ small x may be1 & root out e bit ( old mu%room /em or t\gh spongy mat]ial =m$ by x1 & 9 ?is way get ! b$ ?or\ghly clean$4 ,!n fill up all ! holes caus$ by pull+ ! mu%rooms or root+ out ! old /umps1 & :5 ! :ole surface is level apply ! topdress+ ev5ly all ov] ! face ( ! b$1 avoid+1 z mu* z possible1 bury+ ! well advanc$ mu%rooms4 ,:ile x w\ld be v well to pack ! dress+ smoo?ly ov] ! b$1 x is impracticable2 we may press x g5tly ) ! back ( ! h& on ! b>e spots betwe5 ! mu%rooms1 b we %\ld n ev5 d ?is ov] ! mu%rooms1 no matt] h[ t9y !y may be1 else _m ( ! p9heads w be injur$ & cause fogg+ (f4 ,b we c firm ! dress+ to ! b$ by wat]+ x1 :i* may be done ov] ! :ole surface ( ! b$1 & )\t sp>+ ! mu%rooms1 l>ge or small4 ,use cle> wat] & apply x g5tly ?r\gh a wat]-pot rose4 ,i always d ?is1 & h nev] kn[n x to injure ! "y mu%rooms4 ,9 ! case ( mu%room b$s 9 :i* black spot has appe>$ 9 ! crop1 ,i h f\nd t a topdress+ ( f9e1 fre% e>? appli$ ev5ly all ov] ! b$ acts1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 z a prev5tive ( fur!r attack1 b ( c\rse has no effect ^u any ( ! already affect$ mu%rooms1 l>ge or small4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,! ,,prop] ,,temp]ature4 ,! be/ temp]ature at :i* to keep ! mu%room h\se or cell> is #ee to #eg4 ,b mu* dep5ds ^u ! me?od ( gr[+ ! escul5t2 ! con/ruction ( ! h\se or cell>1 & o!r circum/ances4 ,mu%rooms c be successfully gr[n 9 build+s 9 :i* ! temp]ature may be z l[ z #bj or z high z #fe4 ,by cov]+ ! b$s well ) hay or o!r protect+ mat]ial !y c be kept w>m1 ev5 9 %>p fro/y wea!r1 z ! ,london m>ket g>d5]s d ) _! outdoor b$s 9 w9t]2 b :5 ! temp]ature 9 ! /ructure 9 :i* ! mu%rooms are gr[n av]ages z high z #gj we c n hope = success2 inde$1 #fe is too high4 ,a high temp]ature 9 a close h\se or cell> is injuri\s2 x hurries 9 ! crop & =ces up ! mu%rooms weak & ?9-fle%$ & ) unga9ly1 long /ems2 x soon exhau/s ! b$4 ,! "t :5 its evil effects are lea/ visible is e>ly 9 ! fall & late 9 spr+ :5 ! outside temp]ature is high1 & :5 ! b$s are 9 some:at airy r ?an close qu>t]s4 ,9 ! ,dosoris cell>s !re is a /eady diff]5ce ( ab\t #e 9 ! temp]ature betwe5 ! end next ! boil]1 :i* is kept at #fj precisely1 & t ( ! f>!r end1 :i* regi/]s #ee /eadily4 ,!re is v little diff]5ce 9 ! weight ( crop produc$ on ! b$s at ei!r end ( ^! cell>s1 b :at little !re is is 9 favor ( ! cool] end4 ,at #fj ! crop beg9s to come 9 9 six to sev5 weeks aft] spawn+1 la/s = ?ree to f\r weeks 9 heavy be>+ & a week or m long] 9 light be>+1 & !n x gradually dw9dles4 ,9 a temp]ature ( #ee x may be sev5 weeks aft] spawn+ be=e ! mu%rooms appe>4 ,9 a temp]ature ( #ej !y may take a few days long] 9 appe>+1 b1 z a rule1 !y are firm1 heavy1 %ort-/emm$1 & p]haps a little furry on top & clammy to ! t\*1 & ! b$s la/ 9 good be>+ = two mon?s2 inde$1 (t5 a :ole w9t] long4 ,b ,i h fail$ to f9d t ! :ole crop f a b$ 9 a #de to #ej temp]ature 0 any great] ?an t ( a l b$ 9 a #ee to #eg temp]ature2 x is m]ely a case ( gett+ 9 six weeks f ! w>m] h\se :at x takes t5 weeks to get f ! cool] "o4 ,9 a temp]ature ( #ej x is n necess>y to cov] ! b$s to increase _! w>m?1 nor is x ne$ful ev5 9 "o ( #de1 if !re is a fair w>m? 9 ! body ( ! b$ to keep ! spawn work+2 b if ! w>m? ( ! int]ior ( ! b$ falls "u #eg1 & ! atmosph]ic temp]ature "u #de1 ! b$ %\ld be kept w>m by cov]+ ) hay1 /raw1 matt+1 or o!r mat]ial1 or bett] /ill by box+ x ov] & lay+ ?is cov]+ on ! outside ( ! box+4 ,:5 cold ?ick5 ! cov]+1 :5 w>m less5 x4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,wat]+ ,,mu%room ,,b$s4 ,if ! b$s get dry !y %\ld be wat]$1 = mu%rooms w n gr[ well 9 dry b$s or 9 a dry atmosph]e4 ,wat]+ is an op]ation requir+ mu* c>e4 ,9 prop]ly-made b$s ! manure %\ld rema9 moi/ en\gh f fir/ to la/1 & :atev] dryness is evid5t %\ld be 9 ! loam cas+ ( ! b$s & ! atmosph]e4 ,9 all artificially heat$ mu%room h\ses ! b$s & atmosph]e are apt to get too dry at "o "t or ano!r2 9 und]gr\nd h\ses or cell>s ?is is less app>5t ?an 9 above-gr\nd /ructures2 9 %ad$ nor?-fac+ h\ses dryness is less tr\blesome ?an 9 h\ses m op5ly plac$4 ,endeavor by all fair means to less5 ! necessity = wat]+ ! b$s1 b :5 wat] is ne$$ nev] hesitate to give x freely4 ,mul*+ ! b$s & ma9ta9+ a moi/ atmosph]e are ! be/ prev5tives4 ,aft] ! b$s are spawn$ & mold$ x is a good plan to cov] !m ) a light coat+ ( /rawy litt] or hay to prev5t dry+1 b ?is mul*+ %\ld be remov$ :5 x is ne> "t = ! "y mu%rooms to appe>4 ,a light spr9kl+ ( wat] ov] ?is mul*+ e few days1 b nev] en\gh to rea* ! soil1 assi/s 9 pres]v+ en\gh moi/ure 9 ! b$ "u ! mul* & also 9 ! atmosph]e ( ! h\se4 ,clean1 s(t wat] at a temp]ature ( #hj or #ij2 a little w>m] or a little cold] w n hurt1 b d n use wat] high] ?an #aaj1 z x might injure ! little p9heads1 nor l[] ?an ! av]age temp]ature ( ! h\se1 z x w\ld *ill ! b$1 & ?is %\ld always be avoid$4 ,use a small or m$ium-siz$ wat]+ pot ) a long sp\t & a f9e rose spr9kl]4 ,apply ! wat] 9 a g5tle %[] ov] ! b$1 mu%rooms & all1 b nev] use en\gh to all[ x to settle 9 pools or run (f 9 little /reams4 ,clean wat] spr9kl$ ov] ! mu%rooms does n appe> to hurt !m1 b !y %\ld nev] be t\*$ ) manure wat]1 z x /a9s !m4 ,j z soon z ! surface ( ! b$ %[s signs ( dryness give x wat]1 ! quantity dep5d+ ^u ! condition ( ! b$4 ,nev] let a b$ get v dry be=e wat]+ x4 ,to ?or\ghly moi/5 a v dry b$ requires a heavy wat]+2 s mu*1 inde$1 t ! sudd5 *ange might injuri\sly affect ! "y mu%rooms & spawn4 ,give en\gh wat] at a "t to mod]ately moi/5 ! soil1 n to soak x1 b nev] suffici5t to pass ?r\gh ! soil into ! manure4 ,clean wat] only %\ld be us$ until ! b$s come into be>+1 b aft] t "t manure wat] may be employ$ ) advantage2 h[ev]1 ?is is n at all imp]ative2 inde$1 excell5t crops c be & are cont9ually be+ produc$ )\t ! aid ( manure wat] at all4 ,9 ! case ( b$s 9 full be>+1 manure wat] is b5eficial to ! crop4 ,apply x f a small wat]+ pot ) a long n>r[ sp\t b no rose1 & p\r ! liquid on g5tly ov] ! surface ( ! b$1 runn+ x freely betwe5 ! clumps b nev] t\*+ any ( ! mu%rooms4 ,= ?is reason a rose %\ld n be us$4 ,i h always us$ manure wat] = mu%rooms m or less1 b dur+ ! pa/ two seasons--'#hg-'hh & '#hh-'hi--;,i h exp]im5t$ ) x cont9u\sly & v c>efully1 us+ x 9 "s =m or o!r on "p ( e b$1 & am satisfi$ t manure wat] made f fre% horse dropp+s is ! be/1 & ! d>k color$ liquid1 ! dra9+s f manure piles1 is ! poore/2 9 fact1 ?is latt] is n z good z pla9 wat]1 = x seems to h a dead5+ r ?an quick5+ effect ^u ! b$s4 ,c[ manure & %eep manure make a good liquid manure1 b /ill ,i pref] ! horse manure1 & al?\gh hav+ giv5 h5 & pigeon manure & guano fair te/s ,i am n satisfi$ t !y h b5efit$ ! crop1 & !re is always a risk 9 _! use4 ,liquid manure made f ! cont5ts ( ! b>ny>d tank has n done mu* good1 b fre% ur9e f ! horse & c[ /ables dilut$ twelve to fifte5 times its bulk has giv5 favorable results4 ,mu%rooms n only be> ) impunity b appe> to enjoy a /rong] liquid manure m ?an d any o!r cultivat$ plants1 & ,i am satisfi$ t ! weak liquids usually recomm5d$ = pot & g>d5 plants w\ld be b>ely m efficaci\s ?an pla9 wat] = mu%rooms4 ,! manure wat] t has giv5 me mo/ satisfaction is prep>$ z foll[s3 ,dump two bu%els ( fre% horse dropp+s into a =ty-five gallon b>rel & fill up ) wat]2 /ir x up well & let x settle ov] night4 ,dra9 (f ! liquid ! next day & add a p\nd ( saltpet] to x4 ,= use1 to a pailful ( ?is liquid add a pailful ( w>m wat]4 ,wat] ( ab\t #hj to #ij is be/ = mu%room b$s4 ,saltpet] is an excell5t f]tiliz] = mu%rooms4 ,i use x 9 two ways1 namely3 ,fir/1 p[d]$ & mix$ 9 ! soil = cas+ ! b$s1 at ! rate ( two ounces ( saltpet] to ! bu%el ( e>?4 ,second1 dissolv$ 9 wat] at ! rate ( two ounces ( saltpet] to eight gallons ( wat]1 & spr9kl$ ov] ! b$s4 ,common salt ,i use z an insecticide & also z a f]tiliz]1 & am satisfi$ t x proves b5eficial 9 bo? ways4 ,sometimes ,i spr9kle x broadca/ on ! surface ( ! b$s1 always on ! b>e places1 nev] t\*+ ! mu%rooms1 & leave x !re = a day or two1 !n ) a f9e1 g5tle spr9kl+ ( wat] wa% x into ! soil4 ,?is is to help de/roy ! anguillul4 ,z a f]tiliz] only dissolve f\r ounces ( salt 9 t5 gallons ( wat]1 & ) ?is spr9kle ! b$s4 ,a too dry atmosph]e c be rem$i$ by spr9kl+ ! floors1 walls1 or litt] cov]+s on ! b$s ) wat]1 n heavily or copi\sly1 b g5tly & only en\gh to wet ! surfaces2 bett] moi/5 9 ?is way frequ5tly ?an dr5* ! place at any "o "t4 ,b ,i v mu* dislike spr9kl+ ! b$s 9 ord] to moi/5 ! atmosph]e4 ,an exp]i5c$ man c tell 9 a mom5t :e!r or n ! atmosph]e ( ! mu%room h\se is too dry4 ,! air 9 ! mu%room h\se %\ld always feel moi/1 at ! same "t n raw or *illy1 & ! floor & wall surfaces %\ld pres5t a sl[ t5d5cy to dry up1 & ! e>? on ! b$s %\ld reta9 its d>k1 moi/ appe>ance4 ,! lea/ t5d5cy to dryness %\ld at once be reliev$ by damp+ ! wall & floor surfaces4 ,9 h\ses heat$ by smoke flues1 or /ill m by ord9>y /oves & %eet iron pipes1 x may be necess>y to damp5 ! floors & walls once or sev]al times a day to ma9ta9 a suffici5tly moi/ atmosph]e1 b :]e hot wat] pipes are us$ & ! h\ses are tight en\gh to require b little artificial heat1 su* frequ5t spr9kl+ w n be necess>y4 ,9 ! case ( b$s 9 unheat$ /ructures ! ord9>y atmosph]e is g5]ally moi/ en\gh4 ,manure ,/eam = ,moi/5+ ! ,atmosph]e4--,! late ,james ,b>nes1 ( ,engl&1 a gr& old g>d5]1 writ+ 9 ! ,london ,g>d51 ,vol4 ,,iii1 page #dhf1 describes 8 me?od ( gr[+ mu%rooms sixty ye>s ago1 & says3 ,9 w9t] a nice moi/ heat 0 ma9ta9$ by plac+ hot /able manure inside1 & (t5 turn+ x ov]4 ,mr4 ,john ,g4 ,g>dn]1 ( ,job/[n1 ,n4 ,j41 is "o ( ,mr4 ,b>nes's old pupils & a mo/ successful mu%room gr[]1 & he n[ practices ?is same me?od ( moi/5+ ! atmosph]e by hot manure /eam4 ,see page #ba4 ,9 damp+ ! floors ( ! mu%room h\se1 z well z ! b$s1 ,i use a m$ium-siz$ wat]+ pot & f9e rose2 b 9 spr9kl+ ! walls & o!r p>ts n readily accessible by ! wat]+ pot ,i use a common g>d5 syr+e4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,ga!r+ ,,& ,,m>ket+ ,,mu%rooms4 ,?is is an important po9t 9 ! cultivation ( ?is escul5t1 & %\ld be att5d$ to ) pa9/ak+ discretion4 ,:5 mu%rooms are fit to pick dep5ds ^u sev]al conditions2 = in/ance1 :e!r = m>ket or = home use1 & if = ! latt]1 :e!r !y are want$ = s\ps or /ews4 ,= fre% & attractive appe>ance & be/ appreciation 9 ! m>ket1 pick !m :5 !y are plump & fre% & j be=e ! frill connect+ ! cap ) ! /em breaks ap>t4 ,! ,fr5* mu%rooms %\ld always be ga!r$ be=e ! frill bur/s2 ! ,engli% mu%rooms also look be/ :5 ga!r$ at ?is "t1 b !y are admissible if ga!r$ :5 ! frill beg9s to bur/ & be=e ! cap has op5$ out flat4 ,if ! mu%rooms display a t5d5cy to produce long /ems pick !m some:at e>li]1 soon en\gh to get !m ) %ort %anks1 = long /ems are dislik$ 9 m>ket2 s1 too1 are d>k or discolor$ or old mu%rooms ( any sort4 ,sometimes we may n h en\gh mu%rooms ready at "o ga!r+ to make x wor? :ile s5d+ !m to m>ket1 & are tempt$ to let !m /ay unga!r$ until to-morr[1 :5 !y h gr[n l>g] & _m m %all h gr[n big en\gh to ga!r4 ,?is %\ld nev] be done4 ,x w give an unfavor$1 unequal lot1 "s big1 "s little1 "s old1 "s "y4 ,f> bett] pick e "o ! mom5t x is ready to ga!r1 & keep all safe 9 a cool place & cov]$ until "s m are ready = use1 & 9 ?is way h a uni=m appe>+ lot ( "y produce4 ,mu%rooms = s\ps %\ld always be ga!r$ be=e !y bur/ _! gills2 inde$1 !y are mo/ly ga!r$ :5 9 a button /ate2 t is1 :5 !y are ab\t ! size ( m>bles4 ,9 ?is condition1 :5 cook$1 !y reta9 _! :ite appe>ance & d n discolor ! s\p4 ,immature mu%rooms are defici5t 9 flavor4 ,= home use1 = bak+1 /ew+1 broil+1 or = cook+ 9 any way 9 :i* ! t5d]ness ( ! fle% & ! delici\s aroma ( ! mu%rooms are desirable 9 _! f9e/ condition1 let ! mu%rooms atta9 _! full size & bur/ _! frills1 z se5 9 ,fig4 #bd1 & ga!r !m be=e ! caps op5 out flat1 or ! gills lose any ( _! bright p9k color4 ,if y let !m get old en\gh = ! gills to turn br[n be=e ga!r+1 ! mu%rooms w become lea!ry 9 texture1 & lose 9 flavor & d>k5 sadly 9 cook+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bd4 ,a ,,p]fect ,,mu%room4 ,9 pick+1 always pull ! mu%rooms out by ! root1 & nev]1 if practicable to avoid x1 cut !m ov] ) a knife4 ,9 ga!r+1 take hold ( ! mu%rooms & give !m a %>p b g5tle twi/1 press+ !m d[n at ! same "t1 & !y g5]ally "p f ! b$ )\t any tr\ble2 !n place !m 9 ! baskets1 root-end d[n1 s z to keep !m p]fectly clean & free f grit4 ,sometimes :5 sev]al mu%rooms are jo9$ toge!r 9 "o root-/ock & x is impossible to remove "o )\t di/urb+ ! :ole1 cut x ov] r ?an pull x out4 ,9 ! case ( clumps ( "y mu%rooms1 :]e "o c n be pull$ out )\t displac+ "s ( ! o!rs also1 cut x out r ?an pull x4 ,!re is a knack 9 pull+ mu%rooms1 easily atta9$ by practice4 ,& ev5 :5 !y come up 9 ?ick bun*es & x w\ld appe> impossible to pull out ! full-gr[n ones )\t di/urb+ ! o!rs1 a practic$ h& w give !m a twit* & a pull--!y (t5 "p f ! b$ by ! g5tle/ t\*--& get !m out )\t unfa/5+ any ( ! multitude ( small buttons t may be gr[+ ar\nd !m4 ,! advantages ( pull+ ov] cutt+ are sev]al3 ,x b5efits ! b$4 ,if we cut ov] a mu%room & leave its /ump 9 ! gr\nd1 9 a few days decay sets 9 & a fluffy or spongy sub/ance gr[s ar\nd ! old butt1 :i* de/roys _m ( ! little mu%rooms ar\nd x1 z well z e ?read ( mycelium t comes 9 contact ) x4 ,"o %\ld be p>ticul> to scoop out ^! /umps ) a knife be=e ?is condition takes place1 & g ov] ! b$s e few days to fill up ! holes1 made 9 scoop+ out ! old /umps1 ) fre% loam4 ,pull$ mu%rooms always keep fre% long] ?an d ^? t h be5 cut4 ,9 ! int]e/ ( ! m>ket gr[] !y h ano!r advantage4 ,mu%rooms are b\ght & sold by weight1 & z ! /ems are always reta9$ to ! caps all are weigh$ toge!r2 if "p ( ! /ems _h be5 cut (f ! weight w\ld h be5 r$uc$1 &1 9 l proportion1 ! price2 b if ! /ems are reta9$ entire n only are ! mu%rooms b5efit$1 b ! weight1 & ) x ! price1 is also increas$4 ,ga!r+ ,field or ,wild ,mu%rooms4--,g 9 se>* ( !m 9 ! morn+ be=e ! sun%9e gets w>m & !y become too op5 or old4 ,if y wi% to ga!r & pres]ve !m 9 _! mo/ p]fect condition pull !m up by ! roots1 c>efully remove any soil f !m1 & !n lay !m ord]ly 9 ! basket1 ! root end d[n2 & by spread+ a /\t %eet ( pap] ov] ! lay]1 ano!r may be arrang$ above x 9 ! same way1 & s on until ! basket is full4 ,b if y are n s p>ticul> & wi% !m = imm$iate use1 or = ket*up or dry+1 ! common way ( cutt+ !m (f & c>ry+ !m home 9 bulk w answ] well en\gh4 ,m>ket+ ,mu%rooms4--,mo/ m>ket gr[]s :o live imm$iately ar\nd ,new ,york ,city sell direct1 & deliv] _! mu%rooms to hotels1 re/aurants1 & fancy fruit]]s4 ,b "s ( !m1 also mo/ ( ^? :o live at a consid]able di/ance f ! city1 sell _! mu%rooms ?r\gh commission m]*ants 9 ,new ,york2 !y1 9 turn1 sell 9 quantities to suit cu/om]s4 ,mu%rooms are sold by ! p\nd1 & come into m>ket 9 boxes made ( /rong undress$ pap]4 ,"s gr[]s h light wood5 boxes made t hold f "o to f\r p\nds ( mu%rooms ea*1 & ^! make conv5i5t & /rong packages = %ipp+ by express4 ,!y may be s5t s+ly1 or1 z is ! case ) ! pap] boxes1 sev]al pack$ toge!r 9 crates or boxes4 ,9 s5d+ directly to hotels1 *eap baskets1 hold+ "o or sev]al p\nds--,mr4 ,g>dn]'s baskets hold twelve p\nds--are (t5 us$1 b 9 s5d+ to commission m]*ants1 :o h to deal !m out 9 quantities to suit cu/om]s1 mu%rooms %\ld always be pack$ 9 "o1 two1 ?ree or f\r p\nd boxes or baskets1 pref]ably "o p\nd4 ,mu%rooms are n l potatoes or apples1 t c be h&l$1 remeasur$1 & repack$ )\t damag+ !m4 ,ea* reh&l+ w c]ta9ly discolor & p]haps break a good _m ( !m1 r5d]+ !m unsalable1 if n wor?less4 ,! utmo/ c>e 9 ga!r+ & pack+ ( mu%rooms = %ipp+ is ( prim>y importance4 ,ga!r !m ! mom5t !y are 9 be/ condition1 no matt] :e!r or n !y are to be pack$ & %ipp$ ! same day2 nev] let !m bl[ op5 be=e ga!r+ !m2 & nev] cut (f %ort /ems4 ,long /ems h to be %ort5$1 b n until ev]y?+ is ready to pack !m4 ,) a v s(t hair bru% du/ (f any e>? t may /ick to ! cap ( ! mu%room1 & ) a h>d] bru% or ! back ( a knife rub ! e>? (f ( ! root end ( ! /em4 ,!n sort ! mu%rooms1--! big ones by !mselves1 ! middle-siz$ by !mselves1 ! small or button-siz$ ones by !mselves1 & pack ea* k9d by itself4 ,pack v firmly )\t bruis+1 & s z to %[ ! pretty caps to ! be/ advantage4 ,nev] pack mu%rooms m ?an two deep )\t us+ pl5ty ( s(t pap] betwe5 ! lay]s1 & nev] put a heavy bulk ( !m into "o box or basket4 ,!y discolor s easily t1 all ?+s consid]$1 ab\t a p\nd is en\gh 9 a box1 if we wi% !m to c>ry safely & reta9 _! bright1 fre% sk9 )\t t>ni%+4 ,mr4 ,b>t]1 ( ,london1 writes me3 ,! punnets we use = m>ket+ our mu%rooms 9 are ! same t are us$ = /rawb]ries or pea*es4 ,^! hold j "o p\nd1 b x is becom+ m cu/om>y n[ to h little boxes made hold+ f ?ree to five p\nds1 z ^! are bett] = pack+ 9 l>g] cases = long j\rneys4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,re-,,invigorat+ ,,old ,,b$s4 ,!re is a wide-spread impression among horticulturi/s t worn out b$s :i* h ceas$ to be> may1 by means ( wat]+ & c]ta9 /imulants & w>m+ up aga91 be s re-invigorat$ z to />t into full be>+1 & yield a second & a good crop4 ,i h giv5 ?is "q mu* pa9/ak+ & practical consid]ation1 & h absolutely fail$ to revive a dead b$4 ,i h n be5 able to d x myself1 & any in/ance ( its hav+ be5 done has nev] come "u my obs]vation4 ,?is may appe> h]esy an5t ! multitud9\s writ+s to ! contr>y4 ,a mu%room b$ may keep on be>+ 9 a desultory way = _m mon?s1 & n[ & aga9 %[ spurts ( increas$ f]tility2 b ?is is no second crop2 x is m]ely a prolong$ dribbl+ ( ! fir/ crop4 ,a b$1 by reason ( cold or dryness1 may1 z x 71 /& /ill or p>tially /op be>+1 & soon aft] x is remoi/5$1 w>m$1 & o!rwise submitt$ to cong5ial conditions1 w display r5ew$ en]gy2 b ?is is no second crop2 x is m]ely a spurt ( ! fir/ crop caus$ by extra favorable cultural conditions4 ,b to %[ h[ vaguely ?is "q :i* is s mu* writt5 ab\t is reg>d$1 let me quote f a lett] to me by ,mr4 ,j4 ,b>t]1 :o gr[s #ba1jjj lbs ( mu%rooms a ye> = ! ,london m>ket3 ,y ask me1 ',d y ev] get a second crop8' ,my b$s la/ 9 be>+1 on an av]age1 ea* ?ree mon?s1 & t ,i reckon to be ?ree crops4 ,b :e!r x be ?ree or six mon?s1 ! weight ( mu%rooms is ab\t ! same4 ,z !re is 91 say a ton ( manure1 only s mu* mu%room-produc+ p[]1 if y =ce x to produce t weight 9 two mon?s y are a ga9]1 z y !reby save 9 labor2 b :5 t produc+-p[] is exhau/$ x w produce no m mu%rooms4 ,a sp5t mu%room b$ is "o t has be5 kept 9 be>+ condition "u ! mo/ favorable circum/ances at our comm&1 & x has borne a good crop1 la/$ "s two mon?s 9 be>+1 & n[ x has /opp$ be>+ 7except 9 a meag]ly1 desultory way7 because ! spawn or mycelium has exhau/$ itself & is dead4 ,!n1 )\t liv+ spawn 9 ! b$ h[ are we to get mu%rooms8 ,"s bits ( mycelium are /ill alive & yield ! desultory few1 b e mu%room t !y yield is prey+ on _! vitality1 & aft] a "t !y too %all die & ! b$ be completely b>r51 = ! mycelium is altoge!r dead1 & )\t mycelium mu%rooms are an impossibility4 ,we c keep mu%room mycelium 9 active gr[? ! ye> r\nd1 & ye> aft] ye>1 provid+ we nev] let x be> mu%rooms4 ,?is is done by tak+ ! mycelium1 j be=e x beg9s be>+1 f "o manure b$ & plant x 9 ano!r1 & s on f b$ to b$4 ,at e fre% transplant+ ! mycelium ex]ts itself into r5ew$ gr[?1 = x mu/ become a /rong plant be=e x has /r5g? en\gh to produce & support a mu%room4 ,our utmo/ ef=ts h nev] r5d]$ mycelium 9 a mu%room-be>+ condition p]5nial4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,insect ,,& ,,o!r ,,enemies4 ,! mu%room gr[] has 8 full %>e ( insects to cont5d )1 & 9 ord] to ov]come !m "o %\ld acqua9t himself ) !m1 & "k :at !y are1 :at !y d1 :5ce !y came1 & h[ to de/roy !m4 ,"o %\ld /udy ! diseases & mi%aps ( 8 crop & endeavor to "k _! cause4 ,if we "k ! cause ( fail+ heal? 9 plants1 ev5 9 mu%rooms1 we c probably /op or devise a rem$y = ! disease or means to prev5t its recurr5ce1 & if we c n b5efit ! pres5t subject we are =ew>n$ aga9/ future attacks4 ,b !re is a deal ( my/]i\s tr\ble 9 ?is direction 9 mu%room-gr[+4 ,we are likely to "k some?+ ab\t ! depr$ations committ$ by insects or p>asitic molds above gr\nd1 b ,i am sure !re is a good deal ( mis*ief go+ on "u gr\nd ( :i* we "k v little1 if any?+4 ,! ills to :i* ! mycelium is subject are n at all fully und]/ood4 ,maggots4--,?is is ! common "n among practical mu%room gr[]s = ! l>v ( a species ( fly 7,dipt]a7 :i* f ,april on ?r\gh ! w>m summ] mon?s r5d]s mu%room-gr[+ unpr(itable4 ,x is unavoidable1 & s f> has prov$ inv9cible4 ,x attacks ! mu%rooms 9 deep cell>s1 above-gr\nd h\ses1 gre5h\ses1 or frames1 & is (t5 q common 9 e>ly appe>+ crops 9 ! op5 fields4 ,we sometimes read t x does n occur 9 unheat$ cell>s1 b ?is is a mi/ake1 = 9 our unheat$ tunnel cell>s1 :]e ! temp]ature 9 ,april does n exce$ #ee1 maggots always appe> ab\t ! end ( ?is mon?4 ,b x is true t 9 ! case ( cool h\ses & :]e ! b$s are cov]$ ov] ) hay or /raw maggots d n appe> z e>ly 9 ! season z !y d 9 w>m h\ses & op5 b$s4 ,:ile rigid cleanl9ess1 & c>e 9 keep+ ! h\se or cell> clos$1 no d\bt h mu* to d 9 less5+ ! tr\ble1 ,i h nev] be5 able to ov]come x1 & "k ( no "o :o has4 ,we simply /op gr[+ mu%rooms 9 summ]4 ,! maggots or l>v are ab\t ?ree-sixte5?s to f\r-sixte5?s ( an in* long1 :ite ) black head1 & appe> 9 all p>ts ( ! mu%room1 b mo/ly 9 ! cap & at ! base ( ! /em1 & p]=ate hi!r & ?i!r leav+ beh9d !m a disgu/+ network ( burr[s4 ,! t9y buttons1 ab\t z soon z !y appe> at ! surface ( ! gr\nd1 are infe/$1 b ?is does n *eck _! gr[?1 & :5 !y become mu%rooms l>ge en\gh = ga!r+1 unless x be = a d>k look+ puncture or trac+ n[ & !n visible on ! outside ( ! caps & /ems1 !re are b few signs to indicate to ! inexp]i5c$ eye ! pres5ce ( maggots4 ,& ?is is :y maggoty mu%rooms are s (t5 f\nd expos$ = sale 9 summ]4 ,b 9 l>ge or full-gr[n mu%rooms1 & especially ! :ite-sk9n$ v>ieties1 _! pres5ce is visible en\gh4 ,al?\gh v repugnant1 h[ev]1 & utt]ly unfit = food1 maggoty mu%rooms are n poison\s4 ,b all ! mu%rooms ( summ] crops are n maggoty1 only a l>ge proportion ( !m2 ! evil beg9s 9 ,april1 & increases z ! summ] advances1 until ,augu/1 :5 x decreases1 & 9 ,octob] completely /ops--at lea/ ?is is my exp]i5ce4 ,a solution ( salt1 saltpet]1 or ammonia spr9kl$ ov] ! surface ( ! b$s does n1 9 ?is case1 d any good z an insecticide1 pyre?rum p[d] diffus$ ?r\gh ! atmosph]e1 & tobacco smoke1 h be5 ineffectual4 ,burn+ a lamp set 9 a bas9 ( wat] ) a little k]os5e float+ on ! surface is a mo/ d\btful op]ation4 ,multitudes ( flies are de/roy$ by ?is lamp trap1 b !y are ! poor little innoc5t manure flies1 & ! atmosph]e ( ! h\se is vitiat$ & r5d]$ unheal?y = ! crop4 ,i h tri$ ^! lamp traps season aft] season1 & nev] knew ( _! do+ any good2 t is1 ! maggots seem$ j z num]\s 9 ! lamp-trapp$ cell> z 9 ! o!r cell> 9 :i* no lamp trap _h be5 us$4 ,reg>d+ ?is maggots "q1 ,mr4 ,j4 ,f4 ,b>t]1 ( ,london1 writes me3 ,dur+ ! summ] mon?s ! outdoor mu%rooms get maggoty be=e !y are big en\gh to ga!r1 b ( c\rse !y c be gr[n 9 cool cell>s all ! ye> r\nd4444 ,i "k ( no sure cure = !m 7! maggots72 ( c\rse a slight spr9kl+ ( salt ) manure or mold does prev5t1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 b x mu/ be us$ v c>efully4 ,n[ my exp]i5ce is1 z ,i h already said1 t x is impossible to gr[ mu%rooms "h 9 summ]1 ev5 9 cool cell>s1 )\t hav+ !m m or less maggoty4 ,z reg>ds ! salt & loam prev5tive1 ,i h tri$ x lightly & heavily1 b )\t any app>5t good effect4 ,black ,spot4--,all mu%room gr[]s are famili> ) ?is disease1 b unless x appe>s 9 pron\nc$ =m v little notice is tak5 ( x1 ev5 by m>ket m51 = we see spott$ mu%rooms cont9ually expos$ = sale4 ,x appe>s z d>k br[n spots1 /reaks1 or freckles1 on ! top ( ! mu%room caps1 & increases 9 di/9ctness & bread? ) age4 ,fig4 #be4 ,x is caus$ by eel worms 7,anguillul74 ,^! m9ute creatures ent] ! mu%rooms :5 ! latt] are 9 _! t9ie/ p9 =m & be=e !y em]ge f ! gr\nd4 ,if a button arises clean x rema9s clean1 if diseas$ x cont9ues to be diseas$1 & x is a fact t if "o mu%room 9 a clump has black spot we usually f9d t e mu%room 9 ! clump has x4 ,b mu%rooms gr[+ f ! same bit ( spawn & t come up an in* or two away f ! spott$ ones may be p]fectly clean4 ,black spot has nev] occurr$ ) me 9 new b$s1 & seldom 9 ^? 9 vigor\s be>+1 b x g5]ally appe>s 9 b$s t h be5 9 be>+ condition = "s weeks or are decl9+4 ,x does n conf9e itself to any p>ticul> spot or "p ( ! b$1 & sometimes x is mu* m pl5tiful ?an at o!rs4 ,betwe5 ,octob] & ,m>* we h v little black spot1 b z ! spr+ op5s ?is disease increases4 ,dur+ ! w9t] season1 ) c>eful att5tion1 p]haps n s mu* z "o p] c5t w %[ black spot1 b z ! w>m wea!r sets 9 ! p] c5tage increases until 9 ,may1 :5 z _m z tw5ty p] c5t may be affect$ by x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #be4 ,,mu%room ,,affect$ ,,) ,,black ,,spot4 ,black spot is a disease1 h[ev]1 t c be controll$4 ,keep ev]y?+ 9 & ab\t ! mu%room h\ses rigidly clean1 & z soon z a b$ has ceas$ to be> a crop wor? pick+ cle> x out1 lime-wa% ! place x occupi$1 & make up ano!r b$4 ,c>efully obs]ve t no old loam or manure is all[$ to accumulate any:]e1 or gre5 scum =ms ^u ! bo>ds1 pa?s1 or walls2 boil+ wat] impregnat$ ) alum p\r$ ov] ! bo>ds1 walls1 & o!r scum-cov]$ surfaces1 w kill ! eel worms1 b x %\ld n be all[$ to t\* ! mu%room b$s t are 9 be>+ or com+ into be>+4 ,mu* c be done to protect ! be>+ b$s f ! ravages ( ?is pe/3 ,9 ga!r+ ! mu%rooms remove e ve/ige ( old /ump & fogg$-(f mu%rooms1 keep ! holes fill$ up ) fre% loam1 & :5 ! b$ has be5 9 be>+ condition = a =tnight spr9kle x ov] ) a solution ( salt1 & next day topdress ) a half-in* coat+ ( f9ely sift$ fre% loam2 firm x to ! b$ ) ! back ( ! h&1 = x c n be press$ on ) a spade on acc\nt ( ! gr[+ mu%rooms4 ,is black spot un:olesome8 ,i d n ?9k s4 ,i h nev] kn[n any ill effects f eat+ x4 ,! spott$ p>ts are m]ely flavorless & ta/eless4 ,b x is a v disgu/+ disease1 & no "o1 ,i am sure1 w\ld c>e to eat eel worms ) _! mu%rooms4 ,until q rec5tly ,i us$ to reg>d ! black spot z ! m>k ( "s p>asitic fungus1 &1 act+ "u ?is impression1 s5t affect$ mu%rooms to ,dr4 ,w4 ,g4 ,f>l[1 ,pr(4 ( ,cryptogamic ,botany at ,h>v>d ,univ]sity1 = 8 op9ion4 ,he wrote me3 ,i f9d t ! tr\ble is due to ,anguillul1 & ,i f9d an abundance ( ^! animals 9 ! br[n spots4 ,he advis$ me to submit !m to an exp]t 9 worms4 ,i !n s5t samples to my k9d fri5d1 ,mr4 ,william ,saund]s1 ( ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 :o submitt$ !m1 = me1 to ,dr4 ,?omas ,taylor1 ! microscopi/ to ! ,u4 ,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 & :o repli$3 ,i recomm5d t y use a spr9kl+ ( scald+ wat] ?or\ghly ov] ! entire surface ( ! b$1 especially ! portion next to ! box+4 ,! scald+ wat] %\ld be appli$ be=e ! buttons appe>1 b n p5etrate m ?an "o-eigh? ( an in* bel[ ! surface4 ,anguillul ab\nd :]ev] decay+ vegetable matt] exi/s4444 ,! gre5 alg on ! outside ( fl[] pots ab\nds 9 ! anguillul4 ,manure ,flies4--,?is is ! "n we give to ! little flies 7a species ( ,sci>a7 t appe> 9 l>ge numb]s 9 spr+ & summ] 9 our mu%room h\ses1 or1 inde$1 9 hotb$s or /ructures ( any sort :]e manure is us$1 z well z ab\t ! manure heaps 9 ! y>d4 ,on acc\nt ( _! habits !y are reg>d$ ) mu* ill-favor4 ,!y hop ab\t ! h\se & are cont9ually runn+ ov] ! mu%rooms1 b$s1 & walls1 9 ! mo/ suspici\s mann]4 ,b1 not)/&+ ?is1 ,i am incl9$ to reg>d !m z p]fectly h>mless s f> z injur+ ! mu%room crop is conc]n$1 except ! fact t !y soil ! mu%rooms some:at by _! travel+ ov] !m ) _! muddy feet4 ,9 attempt+ to get rid ( ! maggot fly ,i h de/roy$ l>ge numb]s ( ^! little innoc5ts1 b )\t any app>5t dim9ution 9 _! numb]s4 ,la*aume recomm5ds3 ,^! flies may be de/roy$ by plac+ ab\t a numb] ( pans fill$ ) wat] to :i* a few drops ( oil ( turp5t9e h be5 add$4 ,! flies are attract$ by ! odor & dr[n !mselves4 ,!y may also be caught ) a float+ light1 9 :i* !y w burn _! w+s & fall into ! wat]4 ,i h f\nd t pure buha* p[d] du/$ into ! air or burn$ on a hot %ovel 9 ! mu%room h\se has be5 m effective 9 de/roy+ ^! flies ?an ei!r ! lamp or dr[n+ process4 ,slugs4--,^! are s]i\s pe/s 9 ! mu%room h\se1 especially 9 above-gr\nd /ructures1 & !y also occur 9 annoy+ numb]s 9 cell>s4 ,:]ev] hay or /raw is us$ 9 cov]+ ! b$s1 or !re is mu* woodwork ab\t ! h\se1 slugs appe> to be mo/ num]\s4 ,!y are v fond ( mu%rooms & attack !m 9 all /ages1 f ! t9y button j em]g+ f ! gr\nd to ! fully develop$ plant4 ,9 ! case ( ! buttons or small mu%rooms !y usually eat out a piece on ! top or side ( ! cap1 & z ! mu%room advances 9 gr[? ^! w\nds spread op5 & display an ugly sc> or disfigurem5t4 ,!y also bite into ! /ems4 ,b 9 ! case ( fre%1 full gr[n mu%rooms !y seem to h a p>ticul> lik+ = ! gills1 & eat pat*es out ( !m "h & !re4 ,bullet or ,%ot ,holes4--,my att5tion 0 fir/ call$ to ^! by ,mr4 ,a4 ,h4 ,)+ton1 ( ,new ,j]sey4 ,!y are little holes cut cle> ?r\gh ! mu%room caps1 z if p]=at$ by a buck%ot1 & are evid5tly ! "w ( "s insect4 ,he _h1 be=e !n1 submitt$ "s ( ^! p]=at$ mu%rooms to ,pr(4 ,s4 ,lockwood1 :o s5t !m to ,pr(4 ,c4 ,v4 ,riley = 8 op9ion4 ,pr(4 ,riley repli$ t3 ,x is q likely t ! damage 0 done by "s myriapod1 possibly a ,julus1 or "s ( its allies4 ,only obs]vation on ! spot w det]m9e ?is po9t4 ,z ,i nev] _h any tr\ble ) myriapods attack+ mu%rooms & _h se5 no?+ ( ?is bullet hole "w 9 our own b$s ,i 0 mu* int]e/$ 9 ! "q & det]m9$ to look out = x1 s ,i m>k$ (f a "p ( a b$ & left t unc>$ =4 ,i soon f\nd out ! tr\ble4 ,^! holes are ! "w ( slugs :i* ,i h f\nd & wat*$ 9 ! act ( eat+ out ! holes4 ,to f9d ! slugs at "w1 "o has to take 8 lant]n & g out & look = !m at night4 ,& to f9d out ab\t plant p>asites--be !y fungus1 or insect--"o has to let !m alone & wat* !m4 ,_h we kept up our unsp>+ hunt = slugs1 probably we %\ld n yet h kn[n :at caus$ ^! bullet holes1 = no slug w\ld h be5 left alive long en\gh to eat a hole ?r\gh a mu%room cap4 ,slugs mu/ be caught & kill$4 ,we c f9d !m at night by hunt+ = !m by lamp-light2 _! slimy track gli/5s & reveals _! pres5ce4 ,a few small bits ( slate or half rott5 bo>ds ) a p9* ( bran on !m laid "h & !re ab\t ! b$s are h&y traps2 ! slugs ga!r to eat ! bran1 hide b5ea? ! rott5 wood1 & c !n be caught & kill$4 ,fre% lettuce leaves make a capital trap1 b lettuces 9 ,janu>y or ,febru>y are ab\t z sc>ce z mu%rooms !mselves4 ,a dress+ ( salt is di/a/eful to slugs1 & n injuri\s to mu%rooms4 ,/rong1 fre% lime wat] may be freely spr9kl$ ov] woodwork1 pa?ways1 walls1 or else:]e :]e slugs might ga!r & hide !mselves2 b ?is solution %\ld n be us$ ^u ! mu%room b$s4 ,rigid cleanl9ess1 h[ev]1 ab\t ! mu%room h\se1 & an ev]-al]t eye = slugs1 %\ld keep !m "u4 ,wood ,lice4--,^! are sure to be m or less abundant 9 e mu%room h\se1 ev5 9 ! cell>s4 ,!y crawl 9 ?r\gh doors1 v5tilators1 or o!r int]/ices1 & are br\ght 9 ) ! manure1 & f9d %elt] ab\t ! woodwork1 manure1 or any bits ( dry litt] t may be ar\nd4 ,!y attack ! p9head & small button mu%rooms by bit+ out little pat*es 9 _! tops & sides2 & al?\gh ^! pat*es are small to beg9 )1 ! blemi% spreads z ! mu%room gr[s1 & is an objectionable feature4 ,trapp+ & kill+ ! insects is ! *ief rem$y4 ,put "p ( a half boil$ potato 7= :i* no salt _h be5 us$7 into a little pa/ebo>d box1 & cov] ! potato ) "s v dry swamp moss1 lay ! box on its side1 & op5 at ! end on ! b$4 ,! wood lice w ga!r to eat ! potato1 & rema9 aft] fea/+ because ! dry moss af=ds !m a cozy hid+ place4 ,sev]al ( ^! little boxes c be us$4 ,g ?r\gh ! h\se 9 ! morn+1 lift ! little traps quickly1 & %ake out any wood lice t may be 9 !m into a t9 pail 7an old l>d pail w d71 :i* %\ld conta9 a little wat] & k]os5e4 ,^! traps may be us$ = any l5g? ( "t1 m]ely obs]v+ to *ange ! potato n[ & aga9 to h x 9 appetiz+ condition4 ,hot wat] or /rong k]os5e emulsion may be p\r$ ab\t ! woodwork1 walls1 & pa?ways1 to de/roy ! wood lice1 b %\ld n be all[$ to t\* ! b$s4 ,poison$ sweet apples1 potatoes1 & p>snips h be5 recomm5d$ z baits = ^! pe/s1 b ,i mu/ disc\rage us+ poisons ( any sort 9 ! mu%room h\se4 ,six or eight in* squ>e pieces ( half rott5 v dry bo>ds laid 9 pairs1 "o above ! o!r1 also make capital traps2 ! wood lice ga!r !re to hide !mselves2 ^! traps %\ld be exam9$ frequ5tly & ! insects %ak5 into ! pail conta9+ wat] & k]os5e4 ,mites4--,two k9ds ( mites are v common ab\t mu%rooms 9 spr+ & summ]2 "o is :iti% & small] ?an a r$ spid] 7"o ( ! commone/ insect pe/s among g>d5 plants71 & ! o!r is yell[i% & z l>ge z or l>g] ?an a r$ spid]4 ,b ,i d n ?9k t ei!r ( ^! mites is wor? consid]+ z a mu%room pe/4 ,! yell[ mite 7probably ,lyroglyphus infe/ans7 is extremely common 9 /rawy litt] on ! surface ( hotb$s1 & ,i h no d\bt f9ds its way into ! mu%room h\se z manure v]m9 r ?an a mu%room p>asite4 ,!y are ! effect & n ! cause ( injury to ! crop4 ,:5 mu%rooms are w\nd$ or crack$1 p>ticul>ly ab\t ! /em1 ! crevices (t5 become abundantly inhabit$ ) ^! mites1 b !y d no mat]ial damage4 ,mice & ,rats4--,^! rod5ts are v fond ( mu%rooms1 & :]e !y h access to ! b$s are tr\blesome & de/ructive4 ,bo? ! common h\se m\se & ! :ite-belli$ f5ce m\se are mu%room de/roy]s1 b1 s f>1 ! nimble b timid field m\se 7among g>d51 op5 air1 & frame crops g5]ally7 has nev] yet tr\bl$ our mu%rooms1 b ,i c n believe t ?is immunity is volunt>y on its "p4 ,! mice bite a little piece "h & !re out ( ! caps ( ! "y mu%rooms1 & ^! bite-m>ks1 z ! mu%rooms advance 9 gr[?1 spread op5 & become unsightly disfigurem5ts4 ,9 ! case ( op5 mu%rooms1 h[ev]1 ! mice1 l slugs1 pref] ! gills to ! fle%y caps4 ,rats are f> m de/ructive ?an mice4 ,trapp+ is ! only rem$y ,i use1 & w\ld n use poison 9 ! mu%room h\ses = ^! creatures = obvi\s reasons4 ,b we %\ld make our h\ses secure aga9/ _! inroads4 ,toads4--,^! are recomm5d$ z good insect traps to be us$ 9 mu%room h\ses1 b ,i d n want !m !re2 ! cure is z bad z ! disease4 ,! mu%room b$ is a little p>adise = ! toad4 ,he gets ^u x & burr[s or elb[s out a snug little hole = himself :]ev] he wi%es1 & _m ( !m1 too1 & c>es no?+ ab\t :e!r1 9 8 ef=ts to make himself com=table1 he has heav$ out ! f9e/ clumps ( "y mu%rooms 9 ! b$s4 ,fogg+ ,(f4--,?is is "o ( ! commone/ ailm5ts peculi> to cultivat$ mu%rooms4 ,x consi/s 9 ! s(t5+1 %rivel+1 & p]i%+ ( "p ( ! "y mu%rooms1 :i* also usually assume a br[ni% color4 ,^! )]$ mu%rooms d n occur s+ly "h & !re ov] ! face ( ! b$1 b 9 pat*es2 g5]ally all or ne>ly all ( ! v small mu%rooms 9 a clump w turn br[n & s(t1 & !re is no help = !m2 !y nev] w recov] _! plumpness4 ,"s writ]s attribute fogg+ (f to unfavorable atmosph]ic conditions1--! temp]ature may be too cold1 or too hot1 or ! atmosph]e too moi/1 or too dry4 ,i am conv9c$ t fogg+ (f is due to ! de/ruction ( ! mycelium ?reads t support$ ^! mu%rooms2 x is a disease ( ! root1 to use ?is expression2 ! roots hav+ be5 kill$1 ! tops mu/ necess>ily p]i%4 ,if x 7 caus$ by unfavorable conditions above gr\nd we %\ld expect all ( ! crop to be m or less injuri\sly affect$2 b ?is does n occur2 ! mu%rooms 9 "o clump may be )]$1 & contigu\s clumps p]fectly heal?y4 ,any?+ t w kill ! spawn or mycelium ?reads w cause fogg+ (f to ov]take e little mu%room t _h be5 atta*$ to ^! mycelium ?reads4 ,keep+ ! b$ or "p ( x cont9u\sly wet or dry w cause fogg+ (f1 s w drip2 wat]+ ) v cold wat] is also said to cause x1 b ?is ,i h n f\nd to be ! case4 ,unfa/5+ ! gr\nd by abruptly pull+ up ! l>ge mu%rooms w de/roy _m ( ! small mu%rooms & p9heads atta*$ to ! same clump2 & :5 l>ge mu%rooms pu% up ?r\gh ! soil & displace "s ( ! e>?1 all ! small mu%rooms s displac$ w probably wa/e away1 z ! ?reads ( mycelium to :i* !y 7 atta*$ = support h be5 sev]$4 ,a common reason ( fogg+ (f is caus$ by cutt+ (f ! mu%rooms 9 ga!r+ !m & leav+ ! /umps 9 ! gr\nd2 9 a few days' "t ^! /umps develop a :ite fluff or flecky sub/ance1 :i* seems to poison e ?read ( mycelium lead+ to x1 & all ! mu%rooms1 pres5t & to come1 t are atta*$ to ?is arre/$ web ( mycelium are affect$ by ! poison ( ! decay+ old mu%room /ump1 & fogg (f4 ,any impure matt] 9 ! b$ ) :i* ! mycelium comes 9 contact w de/roy ! spawn & fogg (f ! "y mu%rooms4 ,la*aume compla9s ab\t ! l>v ( two beetles1 namely ,aphodius fimet>ius & ,d]me/es tessellatus1 :i* cause great damage by eat+ ! spawn1 !reby break+ up ! reproductive filam5ts4 ,damage ( ?is sort by ^! or any o!r insect v]m9 w cause fogg+ (f4 ,b ,i h n notic$ ei!r ( ! above beetles or _! l>v ab\t our b$s4 ,flock4--,?is is ! wor/ ( all mu%room diseases & common :]ev] mu%rooms are gr[n artificially4 ,x is n a new disease2 ,i h kn[n x = tw5ty-five ye>s1 & x 0 z common !n z x is n[1 & practical g>d5]s h always call$ x ,flock4 ,i say wor/ ( all diseases because ,i "k t mu%rooms affect$ by x are bo? un:olesome & indige/ible1 & ,i c readily believe t 9 aggravat$ cases !y are poison\s4 ,x is caus$ by o!r fungi :i* infe/ ! gills & frills ( ! mu%rooms1 & r5d] !m a h>d1 flocky mass2 sometimes ! affect$ mu%rooms pres]ve _! :ite sk91 color1 & normal =m1 at o!r times ! cap becomes m or less di/ort$4 ,! illu/ration1 ,fig4 #bf1 is f life1 & a good av]age ( a flock-infe/$ mu%room4 ,9 ga!r+ mu%rooms ! gr[]s %\ld insi/ t e flock-infe/$ mu%room be disc>d$1 & consum]s ( mu%rooms %\ld famili>ize !mselves ) ?is disease s z to "k & reject e mu%room %[+ a trace ( x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bf4 ,a ,,flock-,,diseas$ ,,mu%room4 ,flock does n affect all ! mu%rooms 9 a b$ at any "t1 & ,i d n believe x spreads 9 ! b$1 or1 to use ! expression1 becomes contagi\s4 ,if "o spot ( mildew appe>s ^u a cucumb]1 rose1 or grape v9e indoors1 & is n *eck$1 x soon becomes g5]al all ov] ! plant or plants1 & if "o spot ( mold occurs 9 a propagat+ b$ & is n *eck$ at once x soon spreads ov] a l>ge space & de/roys e cutt+ or se$l+ )9 its rea*1 b ?is is n ! case ) flock 9 a mu%room b$4 ,if "o mu%room is affect$ ) flock e mu%room produc$ f t piece ( spawn is affect$1 b n "o mu%room produc$ f ! pieces ( spawn ins]t$ next to ?is "o is affect$ by x2 n ev5 if ! mycelium f ! sev]al lumps ( spawn =ms an int]lac+ web4 ,if ! flock is conf9$ to ! mu%rooms produc$ f a c]ta9 bit ( spawn "s may ask1 w ! o!r pieces ( spawn brok5 f ! same brick produce flock-infe/$ mu%rooms8 ,no4 ,i h giv5 ?is po9t p>ticul> att5tion1 h kept ! pieces ( ea* brick close toge!r1 & :]e flock has appe>$ ,i h fail$ to f9d t ! o!r pieces ( spawn f t brick are m liable to produce flock-infe/$ mu%rooms ?an are ! pieces ( ! bricks t1 z yet1 h n %[n any sign ( diseas$ produce4 ,h[ g5]al is ?is disease8 ,9 a b$ say ?ree feet wide by ?irty feet long & ( two mon?s' be>+ "o may get z few z five or z _m z fifty flocky mu%rooms2 "o or two may occur to-day1 & we may n f9d ano!r = a week or two1 :5 we may get a :ole clump ( !m1 & s on4 ,x is n ! l>ge numb] ( !m t makes !m dang]\s1 = !y nev] appe> 9 quantity4 ,!y sometimes appe> among ! e>lie/ mu%rooms 9 ! b$1 b g5]ally n until aft] ! b$ has be5 9 be>+ condition = a week or two4 ,:at conditions are mo/ favorable or unfavorable to ! gr[? ( ?is disease ,i d n "k2 b x is c]ta9ly n caus$ by debility 9 ! mu%room itself1 z ! p>asite attacks heal?y1 robu/ mu%rooms & debilitat$ ones indiscrim9ately4 ,?is flocky condition is caus$ by "o or m saprophytic & p>asitic fungi ( l[ly orig91 ^: v>i\s p>ts are r$uc$ to m]e ?reads1 simple or bran*$1 & divid$ into tubul> cells at int]vals1 or else !y are long1 cont9u\s microscopic tubes )\t any p>titions1 except at ^? occasional po9ts :]e a bran*1 de/9$ to produce spores1 is giv5 (f4 ,g5]ally two or m species ( ^! ?read-fungi are pres5t at ! same "t on ! mu%room ho/1 & by ! multipli$ cross+ & int]weav+ ( _! ?reads & bran*es produce1 ?r\gh _! great numb]s1 ! :iti%1 felt$ mass ( flock2 :ile z individuals ! ?reads are s m9ute z to be sc>cely or n at all visible to ! nak$ eye4 ,simil> ?read-fungi may (t5 be f\nd 9 ! woods among damp leaves1 "u rott5 logs1 & on ^? por\s fungi :i* project1 %elf-l1 f ! trunks ( trees4 ,at pres5t !re is no way kn[n = de/roy+ ! flock1 except to take up & de/roy e clump ( mu%rooms attack$ by x4 ,=tunately ! disease is n v s]i\s if prop] precautions are obs]v$2 =1 9 our own cell>s1 :]e mu%rooms h be5 gr[n ye> aft] ye> = ! pa/ elev5 ye>s1 we get b few flocky mu%rooms 9 any b$'s be>+4 ,! disease is n m common to-day ?an x 0 9 any =m] ye>4 ,b we give our cell>s a ?or\gh clean+ e summ]4 ,clean+ ! ,mu%room ,h\ses4--,aft] ! season's cropp+ is f9i%$ ! mu%room h\ses & cell>s %\ld be ?or\ghly clean$4 ,cle> out ! old b$s1 & br+ outside all ! movable floor & %elf bo>ds1 scrape up e bit ( loose litt] or dirt 9 ! place & ?r[ x out1 broom d[n ! walls & :atev] bo>d+ is left4 ,:itewa% ! walls ) hot lime wa%1 & pa9t e bit ( woodwork lib]ally ) crude oil or k]os5e4 ,?is is to de/roy anguillul & o!r insect & fungus p>asites4 ,if y wi% to use aga9 ! bo>ds br\ght outside1 broom !m ov] & pa9t !m copi\sly ) k]os5e4 ,& if y\r cell> or h\se has a dirt floor1 a heavy spr9kl+ ( v cau/ic lime wat] all ov] x w d good 9 ridd+ x ( v]m94 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,gr[+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,ridges ,,out ,,( ,,doors ,,ar\nd ,,london4 ,9 ! preface to ,kit*5 & ,m>ket ,g>d5+ 7,london7 is ! foll[+3 ,mr4 ,w4 ,falcon] & ,mr4 ,c4 ,w4 ,%aw made1 9 connection ) ! ,london ,g>d51 :at we believe to be ! fir/ attempt at long & sy/ematic obs]vation ( ! be/ culture z x is 9 ,london m>ket g>d5s4 ,?is is m5tion$ to indicate t ! writ] speaks on ?is subject f exp]i5ce4 ,& al?\gh x is n[ sev5te5 ye>s s9ce ,i became disconnect$ ) ! ,london m>ket g>d5s1 by revisit+ !m a few ye>s ago1 & by correspond5ce & ! horticultural press1 ,i h endeavor$ to keep in=m$ ( all *anges ( me?ods & improvem5ts 9 culture z practic$ !re4 ,at t "t ,/eele1 ,bagley1 ,broadb5t1 ,danc]1 ,pocock & ,myatt 7 among ! l>ge/ & be/ g>d5]s ar\nd ,london1 & s9ce !n sev]al ( ^! gr& old g5tlem5 h pass$ away & _! fields h be5 cut up & built ^u4 ,at t "t mu%rooms 7 "o ( ! g5]al crops1 z 7 snap beans or caulifl[]1 & 9 _! season 7 plant$ z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,to-day !y h become a specialty1 & "s g>d5]s devote _! :ole en]gy to mu%room-gr[+ alone1 & make f #bjjj to #ejjj a ye> cle> pr(it f "o acre ( mu%rooms1 & t1 too1 f ridges 9 ! op5 field6 ,!re is no o!r field crop t yields su* a l>ge pr(it4 ,!re !y get tw5ty-f\r to =ty-eight c5ts a p\nd = _! fre% mu%rooms1 "h we get fifty c5ts to a doll> a p\nd = ours4 ,b z mu%room-gr[+ !re is conf9$ to fall1 w9t] & spr+1 ^? g>d5]s :o re/rict !mselves to mu%rooms only devote ! summ] mon?s to mak+ mu%room spawn = _! own use1 & also = sale4 ,mr4 ,john ,f4 ,b>t]1 ( ,lancefield /reet1 ,london1 ! k+ ( ,london mu%room gr[]s1 writes me "u date ( ,dec4 #aj1 #ahhh3 ,i employ m5 = mu%room b$-mak+ f ,augu/ to ,m>*2 !n1 9 ord] to keep on ! same /aff1 ,i get ab\t #aj1jjj bu%els ( brick spawn made up = sale4444 ,by ! sale ( spawn ,i make j half ( my liv+4 ,n[ let u see3 #aj1jjj bu%els #afj1jjj bricks1 & ea* brick weighs a p\nd1 ?us we h #afj1jjj p\nds4 ,at t5 c5ts a p\nd 7retail price7 ! total is #af1jjj2 at five c5ts a p\nd 7suppos$ :olesale price7 #hjjj1 or at ?ree & a half c5ts a p\nd 7suppos$ manufactur]'s price7 #efjj4 ,! manure is obta9$ f ! city /ables & haul$ home by ! g>d5]s on _! return trips f m>ket4 ,! manure collect$ aft] midsumm] is us$ = mu%rooms1 & an ef=t is made to save ! v be/ horse manure = ?is purpose4 ,:5 en\gh has accumulat$ = a b$ ! manure is turn$ & well %ak51 remov+ only ! r\gh] "p ( ! /raw1 & ?r[n into a l>ge pyramidal pile to heat2 ?is %ape is adopt$ z be+ bett] ?an ! flat =m = keep+ out ra94 ,9 ?ree or f\r days ! manure is aga9 turn$1 %ak5 out & pil$ up z be=e2 aft] ?is x is turn$ e second day1 unless x ra9s1 until x has be5 turn$ six or sev5 times 9 all4 ,x %\ld !n be ready = mak+ into ridges4 ,! site = ! b$s %\ld be a w>m1 well-%elt]$ piece ( gr\nd1 ei!r 9 ! op5 field or or*>d2 mu* pa9s %\ld be ex]cis$ to protect x f cold w9ds4 ,al?\gh a great _m mu%room ridges are made "u ! p>tial %ade ( apple & pe> trees1 ,i always pref]r$ mak+ !m 9 ! op5 gr\nd4 ,! l& %\ld be dry & ( a slightly elevat$ or slop+ nature1 s t no pools ( wat] c possibly collect on ! surface4 ,hav+ ! gr\nd cle>$1 level$1 & ready1 m>k x (f into /rips two feet wide & six feet wide alt]nately4 ,! two feet wide space is = ! mu%room b$1 ! six feet wide "o = ! space betwe5 ! b$s2 b aft] ! ridges are built1 e>!d ov] & cov]$ ) /raw1 !y are almo/ six feet wide at ! base4 ,! common sizes ( ridges are two feet wide by two feet high1 & two & "o-half feet wide by two & "o-half feet high1 & tap] to six or eight in*es wide at top4 ,! manure be+ ready & ! site = ! b$s l9$ (f1 ! manure is c>t$ to ! place & :eel$ ^u ! b$s4 ,9 mak+ ! b$ %ake out ! manure well & ev5ly to cause x to hold toge!r1 tamp x ) ! back ( ! =k z y g along1 & two or ?ree times be=e ! ridges are complet$ walk ^u & tread ! manure d[n solidly ) ! feet1 & trim d[n ! sides to turn ! ra9 wat]4 ,two days aft] ! b$ is made up "s holes %\ld be bor$ f ! top to ne>ly ! bottom ) a small iron b> to let ! heat (f & prev5t ! inside ( ! b$ f becom+ too dry4 ,make !m ab\t n9e in*es ap>t all along ! c5t] ( ! b$4 ,! old g>d5]s did n use ! cr[b>4 ,!y 7 v p>ticul> n to build _! ridges be=e ! *ances ( ov]heat+ 7 consid]$ pa/2 b not)/&+ all _! c>e "s ( _! b$s w\ld get ov]w>m1 :51 )\t a mom5t's hesitation1 !y toss$ !m ov]1 "p to ! "r & "p to ! left1 & left ! manure ?us expos$ = a day or two to cool1 & !n make up ! b$s aga9 on ! same site4 ,brick spawn is always us$4 ,"s ( ^? :o make a specialty ( mu%rooms also make spawn = sale z well z = _! own use2 b ! majority ( ! g>d5]s pref] to buy r ?an make _! own spawn4 ,:5 ! heat has fall5 to betwe5 #hj & #ij ! ridges are spawn$1 ! pieces ins]t$ 9 ?ree r[s along ea* side1 leav+ ab\t n9e in*es betwe5 ! pieces4 ,a dibb] %\ld n be us$ on any acc\nt4 ,! spawn is put 9 tightly ) ! h& & ! manure press$ d[n4 ,x %\ld be put 9 level ) ! face ( ! b$1 s t ! mold may j t\* x :5 ! b$ is cas$4 ,9 ! ev5t ( cold or wet wea!r1 j z soon z ! b$s are spawn$ a slight cov]+ ( rank litt] is laid ov] !m4 ,aft] a few days ?is is remov$ & ! b$s are mold$ ov] ) mold f gr\nd to :i* manure has n be5 appli$ = "s "t4 ,b ! g5]al m>ket g>d5]s d n make ?is di/9ction2 !y use ! e>? f betwe5 ! ridges1 :i* has be5 manur$ regul>ly e ye> = a c\ple ( hundr$ ye>s or m4 ,! mold is put on ev5ly ) ! spade & is ab\t two in*es ?ick at ! base ( ! ridge & "o in* ?ick at top1 & well firm$ by beat+ ) ! back ( ! spade2 inde$1 ! ridges are n[ commonly wat]$ ?r\gh a wat]-pot rose1 aga9 beat5 v firmly & ! surface left smoo? & ev54 ,?is smoo? surface readily %$s ra9 wat]1 b ,i "q if x has any advantage ov] a well-firm$ unglaz$ surface4 ,aft] mold+ ! b$s are cov]$ ) litt]1 t is1 ! ranke/ /raw t _h be5 %ak5 out ( ! manure1 to a dep? ( f\r1 six1 eight1 or t5 in*es1 accord+ to ! /ate ( ! b$ & wea!r2 if ! b$ is incl9$ to be cool or if ! wea!r is cold1 ?ick5 ! cov]+4 ,dr5*+ or long drizzl+ ra9s are m injuri\s to ! b$s ?an is cold1 & 9 ord] to w>d !m (f old ,russia mats & any o!r sort ( clo? or c>pet cov]+ obta9able is laid ov] ! litt] on ! b$s & weight$ d[n ) poles1 bo>ds1 /ones1 or any?+ else t is conv5i5t4 ,d n di/urb ?is cov]+ = ab\t f\r weeks1 & !n on a dry day /rip x (f & %ake up ! litt] loosely s z to dry x4 ,if !re is any :ite mold on ! surface ( ! soil take a h&ful ( /raw & rub x (f4 ,if ! b$ is r cold put a lay] ( clean1 dry hay next ! b$1 & on top ( ?is replace ! litt]y cov]+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bg4 ,,! ,,cov]$ ,,ridges4 ,! fir/ b$s are made 9 ,augu/1 & "o or m e mon? aft] till ,m>*1 j z "t1 conv5i5ce & mat]ial p]mit4 ,summ] b$s are n attempt$ unless 9 exceptional cases4 ,! bulk ( ! b$s are g5]ally put 9 9 ,septemb] & ,octob]4 ,9 e>ly fall1 also 9 spr+1 b$s yield mu%rooms 9 ab\t six weeks aft] spawn+2 9 w9t] !y take eight or n9e weeks or m1 mu* dep5d+ on ! wea!r4 ,9 cold wea!r ! mu%rooms are ga!r$ at noon-day2 if ! wea!r is w9dy & x is possible to po/pone ga!r+ = ano!r day ?is is done1 z ! litt] c n be replac$ satisfactorily 9 w9dy wea!r4 ,9 ga!r+ ! mu%rooms "o man c>efully pulls ! /raw d[n f ! top ( ! b$1 roll+ x t[>d him2 ano!r ga!rs ! mu%rooms 7pull+ !m out by ! roots1 nev] cutt+ !m7 into baskets1 & a ?ird man cov]s up ! b$4 ,9 ?is way ! ?ree m5 g up "o side ( ! ridge & d[n ! o!r1 & ! "w is done exp$iti\sly & well1 )\t expos+ any "p ( ! b$ m ?an a m9ute or two at a "t4 ,x is necess>y t ! uncov]+ be done by roll+ ! /raw d[n f ! top ( ! ridge2 if x 7 roll$ up ! cov]+ on ! o!r side ( ! ridge w\ld be sure to slip d[n a little1 & break (f _m small mu%rooms4 ,! mu%rooms z ga!r$ are ( ?ree grades2 ! l>ge or wide-spread ones are call$ broil]s1 ! full-siz$ ones ^: neck frill is m]ely brok5 ab\t half an in* wide are cups1 & ! small :ite ones ^: frills are n brok5 at all are t]m$ buttons4 ,all ( ^! are kept sep>ate4 ,!y are m>ket$ 9 diff]5t ways1 b ! gr[]s :o make mu%rooms a specialty assort & pack !m 9 *ip baskets1 boxes1 or o!rwise1 z ! metropolitan & prov9cial m>kets dem& or sugge/4 ,mr4 ,john ,f4 ,b>t]1 writ+ to me f ,london1 says3 ,z to punnetts1 we use ! same z = /rawb]ries or pea*es 7! abundance ( pea*es we h 9 ,am]ica is unkn[n ov] !re71 !y hold j "o p\nd4 ,b x is gett+ m g5]al n[ to h little boxes made to hold say ?ree to five p\nds ea*2 ^! are bett] = pack+ 9 l>g] cases = long j\rneys4 ,! fir/ cutt+ is a light "o4 ,aft] ?is ! b$ is cut twice a week = ?ree weeks 9 mild wea!r1 or once a week 9 inclem5t wea!r4 ,! la/ two or ?ree pick+s are ?9 & only secur$ once a week4 ,altoge!r t5 or elev5 good pick+s are ga!r$ f ea* b$4 ,i nev] knew ( a s+le in/ance 9 :i* any attempt 0 made to r5ovate an old or worn-out b$4 ,b :5 ! b$s become s dry z to ne$ wat]+ a small h&ful ( salt is dissolv$ 9 a l>ge pailful ( wat] & ) ?is solution ! b$s are freely wat]$ ov] ! /raw cov]+1 b nev]1 to my k1 "u x4 ,my old fri5ds1 ,george ,/eele & ,mr4 ,bagley1 ( ,fulham ,fields1 us$ to run "p ( _! b$s ea/ & we/1 n only = conv5i5ce sake s f> z ! b$s !mselves 7 conc]n$1 b ) ! view ( gr[+ e>ly tomatoes aga9/ ! s\? side ( ^! b$s 9 summ]1 & "h !y got _! f9e/ & e>lie/ crops1 = ! ,london g>d5]s c n gr[ tomatoes out ( doors 9 ! op5 fields z we c 9 ,am]ica4 ,o!r g>d5]s cle> away ! manure = use else:]e 9 _! fields1 & z x is s well rott$ x is 9 capital condition = caulifl[]1 lettuces1 snap beans1 & o!r crops4 ,b z ! mu%room gr[]s :o re/rict !mselves entirely to mu%rooms1 & :o1 aft] ! mu%room b$s h f9i%$ be>+1 h no fur!r use = ! manure 9 ! sp5t b$s1 are always able to dispose ( x at "o-half ! co/ price4 ,x is excell5t = g>d5 crops & z a topdress+ = lawns1 on acc\nt ( its f95ess & fre$om f all rubbi% z /icks1 /ones1 old bottles1 old %oes1 & ! l1 is 9 mu* dem&4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,mu%room ,,gr[+ ,,9 ,,! ,,p>is ,,caves4 ,9 caves & subt]ranean passages und]nea? ! city ( ,p>is & its environs1 ?\s&s ( tons ( mu%rooms are artificially produc$ e ye>4 ,^! und]gr\nd caves & tunnels are ab&on$ qu>ries f :i* :ite build+ /one & pla/] h be5 excavat$1 & z ! ve9s ( /one p]meat$ ?r\gh ! b[els ( ! e>?1 #dj to #abe feet deep1 s 7 !y qu>ri$1 & ! blocks br\ght to ! surface ?r\gh v]tical %afts4 ,x is ^! tunnels1 v>y+ 9 height & wid? z ! ve9s ( /one v>i$1 t are n[ us$ = mu%room-gr[+4 ,m4 ,la*aume1 9 8 book1 ,! ,cave ,mu%room1 tells u3 ,9 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,se9e !re are #cjjj qu>ries2 ^? :i* h be5 ab&on$ & :i* are situat$ close to ,p>is at ,montr\ge1 ,bagneux1 ,vaugir>d1 ,mry1 ,*tillon1 ,vitry1 ,honilles1 & ,/4 ,d5is1 are us$ by ! #bej mu%room-gr[]s ( ! ,dep>tm5t4 ,!re are sev]al ( ^! qu>ries ) horizontal gall]ies driv5 into ! calc>e\s rock f ! level ( ! road1 :i* are mo/ly l>ge en\gh to accommodate a good siz$ c>t1 b ! majority c only be ent]$1 l _m coal m9es1 by v]tical %afts #ajj to #abe feet deep1 d[n :i* ev]y?+ has to pass4 ,! labor]s climb up & d[n a ladd]1 & ! fre% manure is %ovel$ d[n ! %aft f above1 ! wa/e /uff & mu%rooms be+ haul$ up 9 baskets f b5ea? by means ( a w9dlass4 ,! manure us$ is obta9$ f ! ,p>is /ables & furni%$ by contractors1 ) :om ! mu%room gr[]s make special b>ga9s because !y are v p>ticul> ab\t ! k9d & quality ( ! manure !y use4 ,"s ( ^! gr[]s use z mu* z #bjjj to #cejj tons ( manure ea* a ye> = _! mu%room b$s4 ,to ! caves 9 ! imm$iate neighborhood ( ,p>is ! manure is haul$ out 9 c>ts1 b to ,mry & o!r places too f> di/ant to be )9 easy c>t+ di/ance x is s5t by rail4 ,! mu%room gr[]s consid] t ! manure f animals t are work$ h>d & abundantly f$ on dry1 good food is ! be/2 ! dropp+s f ^! are always dry & ri* 9 ammonia1 nitrog5 & phosphates4 ,! manure f entire horses t are work$ h>d !y reg>d z ! be/1 &1 next 9 value1 t f mules4 ,! manure f horses kept = pleasure1 su* z c>riage & rid+ horses1 is reg>d$ z poor1 not)/&+ ! high fe$+ ( ^! animals1 & ! manure f horses f$ on grass or roots1 also t ( c[s1 z wor?less4 ,/ress is laid on ! importance ( hav+ a good deal ( ur9e-soak$ /raw 9 ! manure1 & ?is is ano!r reason :y manure f draught horses is pref]r$ to t f animals kept = pleasure1 z ! b$d+ ( ! =m] is n apt to be kept s clean z t 9 ari/ocratic /ables4 ,! prep>ation ( ! manure is conduct$ ne> ! m\? ( ! caves or %afts on a level1 dry piece ( gr\nd1 & altoge!r out ( doors4 ,z soon z suffici5t manure = a pile is obta9$ x is =k$ ov]1 ?or\ghly %ak5 up & int]mix$1 dive/$ ( all extrane\s matt] su* z /icks1 /ones1 bottles1 scrap iron1 old %oes1 & ! l we f9d 9 city /able manure1 & any dry /raw is moi/5$ ) wat]4 ,x is !n squ>$ (f into a heap =ty in*es high & trodd5 d[n to ?irty in*es high4 ,9 ?is /ate x is left = ab\t six days1 :5 x is turn$1 %ak5 up loosely1 ! outside turn$ to ! inside1 & all dry p>ts wat]$2 ! same %all[ squ>e =m is reta9$1 & x is aga9 trodd5 d[n firm4 ,9 ab\t six days m x is aga9 turn$1 %ak5 up1 wat]$1 squ>$ (f1 & trodd5 z be=e4 ,9 ab\t ?ree days aft] ?is x %\ld be fit = use & may be turn$1 %ak5 up loosely1 & dump$ d[n ! %aft into ! cave & c>ri$ to ! spot :]e ! b$s are to be =m$4 ,( c\rse ^! op]ations mu/ be modifi$ accord+ to circum/ances & ! condition ( ! manure4 ,9 mak+ ! b$s ! gr\nd is fir/ m>k$ (f4 ,! fir/ b$ is made alongside ( ! wall1 & r\nd$ to ! front2 ! o!r b$s run p>allel ) ?is & may be /raight1 crook$1 or wavy1 z ! int]ior ( ! cave may sugge/4 ,! b$s are all ridge-%ap$1 eighte5 to tw5ty in*es wide at ! base1 eighte5 to tw5ty in*es high 9 ! middle1 six in*es wide at top1 & ! sides slop+4 ,pa?ways twelve in*es wide run betwe5 ! b$s4 ,! workm5 build ! b$s by piece-"w & receive "o-half c5t p] runn+ foot4 ,a good workman c make #bdj feet a day 7,la*aume74 ,! b$s are built neatly & firmly & ) mu* nicety z reg>ds size & proportions4 ,b ! workm5 d n use a =k or any o!r tool 9 ! con/ruction ( ! b$s2 !y lift1 %ake up1 spread & build ! manure ) _! nak$ h&s & pack x firm ) _! knees4 ,! spawn is obta9$ f ! work+ b$s & is :at ! mu%room gr[]s !re call virg9 spawn1 ?\gh n at all :at we "k by t t]m4 ,z a succession ( b$s is kept up all ! ye> r\nd x is an easy matt] = ! gr[]s to get _! spawn at any "t4 ,! be/ "t to get ! spawn is :5 ! "y mu%rooms are fir/ appe>+4 ,a b$ or "p ( a b$ 9 capital work+ ord] is select$ & brok5 up & ! cakes ( manure ?or\ghly matt$ up ) ! active mycelium are select$ = spawn+ ! fre% b$s4 ,x is ass]t$ t f ?is active spawn crops ( mu%rooms appe> 9 tw5ty days' less "t ?an if dry spawn 7 us$4 ,! ,fr5* spawn is us$4 ,some:]e betwe5 ! sev5? & f\rte5? day aft] mak+ ! b$ x w be 9 condition = spawn+4 ,break ! spawn into pieces betwe5 two & ?ree in*es long1 two in*es wide1 & ?ree-f\r?s ( an in* ?ick1 & ins]t ^! pieces 9 two r[s along ! sides ( ! ridges2 ! fir/ r[ eight in*es above ! gr\nd1 ! second r[ eight in*es above ! fir/1 & ! pieces put 9 qu9cunx fa%ion eight in*es ap>t 9 ! r[4 ,! manure is firmly pack$ 9 ^u ! spawn1 ! surface left smoo? & ev5 & )\t be+ fur!r di/urb$ until e>?+ "t4 ,mu* /ress is laid ^u /ratify+ ! spawn be=e us+1 :5 dry spawn is employ$4 ,ab\t eight days be=e a b$ is to be spawn$ ! dry spawn is spread out 9 a r[ on ! floor ( ! cave or cell> s t x may absorb moi/ure & ! mycelium beg9 to run4 ,at spawn+ "t ^! cakes or flakes are brok5 up & us$ 9 ! ord9>y way1 &1 x is claim$1 ) a week's diff]5ce 9 favor ( ! e>ly appe>+ ( ! mu%rooms4 ,b no m spawn ?an is necess>y = imm$iate use %\ld be /ratifi$1 = x w n be> be+ dri$ & damp$ aga94 ,! *ips & p[d] ( ! /one :i* has be5 tak5 out ( ! qu>ry & :i* c be _h 9 abundance on ! floor ( ! qu>ry or on ! surface ( ! gr\nd ar\nd ! %aft1 are sift$1 & ! f9] "p sav$ & mix$ ) e>? 9 ! proportion ( ?ree p>ts ( /one du/ to "o ( e>?1 & ) ?is ! b$s are mold$ ov]4 ,! p[d]$ /one is /rongly impregnat$ ) salts1 s advantage\s to ! mu%rooms4 ,9 sev5 to n9e days aft] spawn+1 ! b$s are ready = e>?+ ov]4 ,?is dep5ds ^u ! condition ( ! spawn & h[ well x has run 9 ! manure4 ,be=e be+ e>!d ov] ! outside surface ( ! b$s %\ld be cov]$ ) :ite filam5ts radiat+ 9 all directions :i* give to ! b$s a blui% appe>ance4 ,:5 ! b$ is 9 ! prop] /ate = be+ cov]$ ) e>? ! mold is laid on equally & firmly ov] ! surface ab\t ?ree-f\r?s ( an in* deep4 ,x is !n ?or\ghly wat]$ ?r\gh a f9e-ros$ wat]+ pot & all[$ to settle until ! next day1 :5 x is beat5 solid by ! back ( a wood5 %ovel4 ,! b$ n[ ne$s no fur!r c>e until ! "y mu%rooms appe>1 except a light occasional wat]+ %\ld x get dry4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bh4 ,,9 ,,! ,,mu%room ,,caves ,,( ,,p>is4 ,9 spaci\s1 high-ro($ caves ! mean temp]ature is ab\t #eb ,f41 :ile 9 n>r[1 l[-ro($ ones x is ab\t #fh4 ,( c\rse ?is makes a wide diff]5ce 9 ! "t ( be>+ & duration ( ! b$s made 9 ! diff]5t caves2 ^? 9 ! w>m caves come into be>+ soon] & /op be>+ quick] ?an d ^? 9 ! high-ro($ caves4 ,on an av]age ! fir/ mu%rooms appe> 9 ab\t =ty days aft] ! b$s are spawn$1 & ! b$s cont9ue be>+ = =ty or sixty days1 b t[>d ! end ( t "t ! yield dim9i%es v rapidly4 ,!y are ga!r$ once a day1 usually ab\t midnight1 s t !y may rea* ! ,p>is m>ket e>ly 9 ! morn+4 ,9 size ! mu%rooms range f ?ree-f\r?s to "o & five-eigh?s in*es 9 diamet] ( top1 & are pure :ite 9 color4 ,! workm5 always ga!r ! mu%rooms by pluck+ !m out by ! roots1 & nev] by cutt+ !m2 ! ga!r]s h two baskets1 c>ri$ knapsack fa%ion on _! back2 "o is to receive ! mu%rooms z !y are pick$1 ! o!r conta9s mold ) :i* to fill 9 ! little holes made by pull+ ! mu%rooms out ( ! b$4 ,9 "s caves "o man ga!rs ! mu%rooms & leaves !m 9 little piles on ! b$ z he goes along1 a woman comes aft] him & places !m 9 a basket1 & a man foll[s h] & fills up ! holes ) e>?4 ,be=e br++ ! mu%rooms up out ( ! caves !y are cov]$ ov] ) a clo? to avoid contact ) ! out] air1 :i* is apt to turn !m br[n4 ,!y are !n plac$ 9 baskets t conta9 tw5ty-?ree to tw5ty-five p\nds & s5t to m>ket1 :]e !y are sold at auction z !y arrive4 ,or !y may be s5t to pres]v$-vegetable manufactur]s1 :o contract = !m at an all r\nd price4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bi4 ,,ga!r+ ,,mu%rooms ,,9 ,,! ,,p>is ,,caves ,,= ,,m>ket4 ,prop] v5tilation is reg>d$ z be+ ( great importance1 n only = ! sake ( ! workm51 b also = ! mu%rooms1 :i* w n ?rive 9 an impure atmosph]e4 ,v5tilation is af=d$ by means ( n>r[ %afts surm\nt$ by tall wood5 *imneys ^: upp] ends are cut at an angle s t ! bevel$ side faces nor?4 ,9 ord] to avoid sudd5 *anges ( temp]ature & /rong draughts1 fires1 trap doors1 & o!r means employ$ 9 assi/+ ! v5tilation ( coal m9es are adopt$4 ,to /op /rong draughts1 too1 9 ! passages1 tall1 /raw-?at*$ hurdles are set up4 ,9 n>r[ caves ! brea? ( ! workm51 ! gases giv5 (f by f]m5tation1 & ! products ( combu/ion ( ! lamps w\ld soon s vitiate ! atmosph]e z to r5d] ! caves un9habitable 7 !y n prop]ly v5tilat$4 ,inde$1 x frequ5tly occurs t caves 9 :i* mu%rooms h be5 gr[n cont9u\sly = "s ye>s h to be ab&on$ = a ye> or two because ! crop has ceas$ to prosp] 9 !m4 ,b aft] !y h be5 ?or\ghly cle>$ ( all b$s & ! surface soil t w\ld h be5 likely to be t\*$ or affect$ by ! manure1 & v5tilat$ & re/$ = a ye> or two1 mu%rooms c aga9 be gr[n 9 !m successfully4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,cook+ ,,mu%rooms4 ,fre% mu%rooms1 well cook$ & well s]v$1 are "o ( ! mo/ delici\s ( all vegetables4 ,if we gr[ our own mu%rooms we c ga!r !m 9 _! f9e/ =m1 cook !m z we please1 & enjoy !m 9 _! mo/ delightful condition4 ,if we are dep5d5t ^u ! fields we %\ld be c>eful to ga!r only su* mu%rooms z are "y1 plump1 & fre%1 & reject all t are old or discolor$1 or betray any signs ( ! pres5ce ( disease or insects4 ,& 9 ! case ( /ore mu%rooms1 t is1 ! ones we get at ! fruit]]'s or o!r provision /ore1 we %\ld exam9e !m critically be=e us+ !m to see t !y are p]fectly free f flock1 black spot1 maggots1 or o!r ailm5t1 & disc>d all t h any symptoms ( disease4 ,! small1 %ort-/emm$1 :ite-sk9n$ mu%rooms (f]$ = sale are ( ! v>iety kn[n z ,fr5* mu%rooms1 & on acc\nt ( _! :ite appe>ance are pref]r$ by _m2 ! long]-/emm$1 broad]-head$1 & d>k]-color$ k9d t we also f9d (f]$ = sale is :at is kn[n z ! ,engli% mu%room4 ,! ,fr5* mu%rooms are ! mo/ attractive 9 appe>ance & pref]r$ 9 ! m>ket1 b ! ,engli% v>iety is ! be/ flavor$ & g5]ally ! mo/ lik$ = home use4 ,z soon z ! frill ar\nd ! neck breaks ap>t ! mu%room is fit to ga!r2 keep+ x long] may add to its size a little1 b surely w detract f its t5d]ness4 ,! gills ( ! mu%rooms w reta9 _! p9k t+e = a day aft] ! frill breaks op51 b !y soon gr[ br[n] & black]1 until 9 a few days !y are unfit = food4 ,9 ga!r+1 ! mu%rooms %\ld be pull$ & nev] cut1 & kept 9 ?is way until ready to prep>e !m = cook+4 ,by reta9+ ! /em uncut ! mu%room holds its fre%ness & plumpness mu* long] ?an x w\ld 7 ! /ems remov$4 ,keep !m 9 a cool1 d>k place1 & 9 an e>!nw>e vessel ) a cov] or a ?ick1 damp clo? ?r[n ov] x2 ?is w pres]ve _! plumpness4 ,if ! frill is brok5 wide ap>t :5 ! mu%rooms are ga!r$1 ! caps are apt to op5 out flat 9 a day or two1 & ! gills d>k5 & spread _! spores1 j z if ! mu%rooms 7 /ill unsev]$ f ! gr\nd4 ,c>efully inspect ! mu%rooms be=e cook+ !m4 ,if ! gills are black & ! mu%rooms are too old d n use !m2 if ! cap is p]=at$ by insects disc>d x1 z x is v likely !re are maggots inside2 or if !re are d>k br[n spots 7black spot7 on ! top ( ! caps ?r[ ! mu%rooms away4 ,old mu%rooms are t\gh1 ill-look+1 bad-ta/+ & indige/ible1 & ^? infe/$ by insects1 al?\gh n poison\s1 are v repugnant1 & %\ld n be us$4 ,b ! dang]\s mu%room is ! "o affect$ by ,flock4 ,mu%rooms %\ld be ga!r$ free f grit2 if at all gritty !y require wa%+1 :i* spoils !m4 ,all l>ge mu%rooms %\ld be peel$ be=e !y are cook$2 ! sk9 ( ! cap p>ts freely f ! fle%1 b ! sk9 ( ! /em mu/ be rubb$ or scrap$ (f4 ,! gills %\ld n be remov$ z !y are ! mo/ delicate meat ( ! mu%room1 b if ! mu%rooms are old & int5d$ = s\p ! gills %\ld be scrap$ out ) ! view ( gett+ rid ( _! d>k5+ influ5ce 9 ! s\p4 ,9 ! case ( small button mu%rooms1 :i* c n be readily sk9n$1 !y %\ld be rubb$ ov] ) a s(t clo? dipp$ 9 v9eg>1 s z to remove ! out] "p ( ! sk94 ,:ile ! /ems may be reta9$ ) ! buttons1 !y %\ld always be remov$ f ! full-gr[n mu%rooms4 ,mu%rooms %\ld always be s]v$ hot1 & !y %\ld be eat5 z soon z cook$4 ,9 ! case ( bak$ mu%rooms & o!rs prep>$ 9 a some:at simil> way !y %\ld be cov]$ 9 ! ov5 by an inv]t$ di%1 s\p plate1 bas91 or ! l1 & if possible br\ght to ! table 9 ?is way & )\t ! cov] remov$4 ,set ! t9 ^u a mat or cold plate ^u ! table1 !n uncov] & s]ve on hot plates4 ,by ?is means ! delici\s aroma is pres]v$4 ,bak$ ,mu%rooms4--,peel & /em ! mu%rooms1 rub & spr9kle a little salt on ! gills1 & lay ! mu%rooms1 gills up1 on a %all[ bak+ t9 & put a small piece ( butt] on ea* mu%room4 ,place an inv]t$ sauc] or deep plate ov] !m 9 ! t91 & put !m into a brisk ov5 = ab\t tw5ty m9utes4 ,!n take !m out & s]ve ^u a hot plate1 )\t spill+ any ( ! juice t has collect$ 9 ! middle ( ea* mu%room4 ,s5d to table & eat at once4 ,?is is ! common way ( cook+ mu%rooms1 & by x is secur$ ! true mu%room aroma & ta/e 9 _! p]fection4 ,/ew$ ,mu%rooms4--,peel & /em ! mu%rooms4 ,take an enamel$ saucepan1 put a lump ( butt] 9 x & melt x1 !n put 9 ! mu%rooms1 & season ) salt & pepp] & a small piece ( p\nd$ mace 7if y l x71 !n cov] ! saucepan tightly & /ew ! mu%rooms g5tly until !y are t5d]1 :i* w be 9 ab\t half an h\r4 ,h ready "s toa/1 ei!r dry or fri$ 9 butt]1 z pref]r$2 spread out ^u a hot di%1 place ! mu%rooms ^u ! toa/1 ) ! gills upp]mo/1 p\r ! juice ov] !m1 & s]ve hot4 ,button mu%rooms are ! ones usually select$ = /ew+1 b :ile nic] & :it] !y are n s f9ely flavor$ z ! full siz$ ones4 ,ano!r way ( prep>+ /ew$ mu%rooms is to /em & peel !m2 dip 9 wat] conta9+ lemon juice 7?is is to prev5t _! becom+ d>k-color$ 9 cook+1 or giv+ a d>k color to ! /ew71 & dra9 !m dry4 ,put !m into a /ewpan1 ) a good-siz$ lump ( butt] & "s nice gravy1 & let !m /ew = ab\t t5 m9utes4 ,take a little /ock or cream1 beat up "s fl\r 9 x q smoo?1 & add a little lemon juice & grat$ nutmeg4 ,add ?is to ! mu%rooms & cook briskly = ab\t t5 m9utes long]1 or until t5d]4 ,soy]'s ,breakfa/ ,mu%rooms4--,place "s fre%ly-made toa/1 divid$1 on a di%1 & put ! mu%rooms1 /emm$ & peel$1 gills upw>d ^u x2 add a little pepp] & salt & put a small bit ( butt] 9 ! middle ( ea* mu%room4 ,p\r a teaspoonful ( cream ov] ea*1 & add "o clove = ! :ole di%4 ,put an inv]t$ bas9 ov] ! :ole4 ,bake = tw5ty or tw5ty-five m9utes1 & d n remove ! bas9 until ! di% is br\ght to ! table1 s z to pres]ve ! grateful aroma4 ,a delightful di%4 ,mu%rooms la ,crme4--,peel & /em ! mu%rooms1 roll a lump ( butt] 9 fl\r & put x into ! saucepan1 !n add ! mu%rooms & "s salt1 :ite pepp]1 a little sug> & f9ely *opp$ p>sley4 ,/ew = t5 m9utes4 ,take ! yolks ( two eggs beat5 up ) two l>ge spoonfuls ( cream1 & add ! mixture gradually to ! /ew2 cook = a few m9utes long]1 & s]ve hot4 ,?is is a delici\s di%1 b ! f9e mu%room flavor is n z pron\nc$ 9 x z x is 9 ! pla9 bake or /ew4 ,curri$ ,mu%rooms4--,peel & /em a p\nd ( mu%rooms1 spr9kle ) salt1 add a little butt]1 & /ew g5tly = fifte5 or tw5ty m9utes 9 a little good /ock or gravy4 ,!n add f\r tablespoonfuls ( cream & "o teaspoonful ( good curry p[d] previ\sly well mix$ ) two teaspoonfuls ( :eat fl\r4 ,mix c>efully & cook = five or t5 m9utes long]1 & s]ve on hot toa/ on hot plates4 ,a capital di% mu* enjoy$ by ^? :o l curry4 ,broil$ ,mu%rooms4--,select l>ge1 op51 fre% mu%rooms1 /em & peel !m4 ,put !m on ! gridiron1 /em side d[n1 ov] a bright b n v hot fire1 & cook = ?ree m9utes4 ,!n turn !m & put a small piece ( butt] 9 ! middle ( ea*1 & broil = ab\t t5 m9utes long]4 ,put !m 9 hot plates1 gills upw>d1 & place ano!r small piece ( butt] on ea* mu%room1 toge!r ) a little pepp] & salt1 & flavor ) lemon juice or ,*ili v9eg>1 & put !m into ! ov5 = a m9ute or two4 ,!n s5d !m to table4 ,mu%room ,s\p4--,take a quantity ( fre% "y mu%rooms1 & peel & /em !m4 ,/ew !m ) a little butt]1 pepp] & salt1 & "s good /ock1 till t5d]2 take !m out & *op !m up q small2 prep>e a good /ock1 z = any o!r s\p1 & add x to ! mu%rooms & ! liquor !y h be5 /ew$ 94 ,boil all toge!r1 & s]ve4 ,if :ite s\p is requir$ use :ite button mu%rooms & a good veal /ock1 add+ a spoonful ( cream or a little milk z ! color may require4 ,?is is a nice s\p & ta/es good4 ,if ! mu%rooms are v "y !y h b little flavor2 if !y are full gr[n !y d>k5 ! s\p1 & if !y are br[n 9 ! gills :5 us$ ! s\p w be disagreeably d>k4 ,if1 aft] prep>+1 b be=e cook+ ! mu%rooms1 y p\r "s boil+ wat] ov] !m & into ?is drop a little v9eg> or lemon juice1 !n dra9 !m (f ?r\gh a col&]1 y c prev5t1 to a great ext5t1 _! d>k5+ influ5ce on ! s\p1 b always at ! exp5se ( _! flavor4 ,mu%room ,/ems4--,! /ems ( "y1 fre% mu%rooms are excell5t to eat1 b ^? ( old or /ale mu%rooms are unfit = food4 ,9 ! case ( plump1 fre%1 full-siz$ mu%rooms1 ! upp] "p ( ! /em1 t is1 ! portion betwe5 ! frill & ! socket 9 ! cap1 is us$1 b ! portion bel[ ! frill1 t is1 ! root end1 is disc>d$4 ,any "p ( ! /em t is discolor$ or t\gh or woody %\ld be reject$1 & only ! portion t is succul5t & brittle & ( a clean :ite color at any "t us$4 ,! /ems are ne>ly always reta9$ 9 button mu%rooms :5 !y are cook$1 & ! upp] or succul5t p>ts ( ! /ems ( plump1 fre%1 full-gr[n mu%rooms are (t5 cook$ along ) ! caps1 b :5 cook+ full-gr[n mu%rooms we pref]1 9 all cases1 to completely remove ! /ems f ! mu%rooms1 & cook bo? sep>ately4 ,! /ems are n s t5d] or delici\sly flavor$ z are ! caps1 b are excell5t = ket*up1 or flavor+1 or a sauce = eat+ ) boil$ f[l4 ,9 cook+ ! /ems !y %\ld be peel$ by scrap+1 = !y c n be sk9n$ l ! caps4 ,pott$ ,mu%rooms4--,select nice button or unop5 mu%rooms1 & to a qu>t ( ^! add ?ree ounces ( fre% butt]1 & /ew g5tly 9 an enamel$ saucepan1 %ak+ !m frequ5tly to prev5t burn+4 ,aft] a few m9utes du/ a little f9ely p[d]$ salt1 a little spice1 & a few gra9s ( cay5ne ov] !m1 & /ew until t5d]4 ,:5 cook$ turn !m into a col&] /&+ 9 a bas91 & leave !m !re until cold2 !n press !m into small pott+-j>s1 & fill up ! j>s ) w>m cl>ifi$ butt]1 & cov] ) pap] ti$ d[n & bru%$ ov] ) melt$ suet to exclude ! air4 ,keep 9 a cool1 dry place4 ,! gravy %\ld be reta9$ = flavor+ o!r gravies1 sauces1 etc4 ,gilb]t's ,breakfa/ ,mu%rooms4--,get half gr[n mu%rooms1 peel !m & lay !m1 gills-side upw>d1 on a plate2 put to ea* a small piece ( butt]1 b only "o lay] ?ick2 pepp] & salt to ta/e2 add two tablespoonfuls ( ket*up & "o ( wat]2 press r\nd ! rim ( ! plate a /rip ( pa/e1 get ano!r plate ( ! same size press$ firmly 9 ! pa/e2 put ! :ole 9 a brisk ov5 = tw5ty-five m9utes4 ,! top plate %\ld be left on until s]v$4 ,bak$ ,mu%rooms4--7,a breakfa/1 lun*eon1 or supp] di%47 ,+r$i5ts3 ,sixte5 or tw5ty mu%room flaps1 butt]1 pepp] to ta/e4 ,mode4 ,= ?is mode ( cook+ ! mu%room flaps are bett] ?an ! buttons1 & %\ld n be too l>ge4 ,cut (f a portion ( /alk1 peel ! top1 & wipe ! mu%rooms c>efully ) a piece ( flannel & a little f9e salt4 ,put !m into a t9 bak+ di%1 ) a v small piece ( butt] plac$ on ea* mu%room2 spr9kle ov] a little pepp]1 & let !m bake = ab\t tw5ty m9utes1 or long] %\ld ! mu%rooms be v l>ge4 ,h ready a v hot di%1 pile ! mu%rooms high 9 ! c5t]1 p\r ! gravy r\nd1 & s5d !m to table quickly on v hot plates4 ,broil$ ,mu%rooms4--7,a breakfa/1 lun*eon1 or supp] di%47 ,+r$i5ts3 ,mu%rooms1 pepp] & salt to ta/e1 butt]1 lemon juice4 ,mode4 ,cleanse ! mu%rooms by wip+ !m ) a piece ( flannel & a little salt2 cut (f a portion ( ! /alk & peel ! tops2 broil !m ov] a cle> fire1 turn+ !m once1 & arrange !m on a v hot di%4 ,put a small piece ( butt] on ea* mu%room1 season ) pepp] & salt & squeeze ov] !m a few drops ( lemon juice4 ,place ! di% be=e ! fire1 & :5 ! butt] is melt$ s]ve v hot & quickly4 ,mod]ate siz$ flaps are bett] suit$ to ?is mode ( cook+ ?an ! buttons2 ! latt] are bett] 9 /ews4 ,mu%rooms la ,casse1 ,t\t4--,+r$i5ts3 ,mu%rooms1 toa/1 two ounces ( butt]1 pepp] & salt4 ,mode4 ,cut a r\nd ( bread "o-half an in* ?ick1 & toa/ x nicely2 butt] bo? sides & place x 9 a clean bak+ %eet or t92 cleanse ! mu%rooms z 9 prec$+ recipe1 & place !m on ! toa/1 head d[nw>ds1 lightly pepp] & salt !m1 & place a piece ( butt] ! size ( a nut on ea* mu%room2 cov] !m ) a f+] glass & let !m cook close to ! fire = t5 or twelve m9utes4 ,slip ! toa/ into a hot di%1 b d n remove ! glass cov] until !y are on ! table4 ,all ! aroma & flavor ( ! mu%rooms are pres]v$ by ?is me?od4 ,! "n ( ?is excell5t recipe ne$ n det] ! c>eful h\sekeep] f try+ x4 ,) mod]ate c>e ! glass cov] w n crack4 ,9 w9t] x %\ld be r9s$ 9 w>m wat] be=e us+4 ,/ew$ ,mu%rooms4--,+r$i5ts4 ,"o p9t mu%room buttons1 ?ree ounces ( fre% butt]1 :ite pepp] & salt to ta/e1 lemon juice1 "o teaspoonful ( fl\r1 cream or milk1 "o-f\r? teaspoonful ( grat$ nutmeg4 ,mode4 ,cut (f ! ends ( ! /alks & p>e neatly a p9t ( mu%room buttons2 put !m into a bas9 ( wat] ) a little lemon juice z !y are done4 ,:5 all are prep>$ take !m f ! wat] ) ! h&s1 to avoid ! s$im5t1 & put !m into a /ewpan ) ! fre% butt]1 :ite pepp]1 salt1 & ! juice ( "o-half a lemon2 cov] ! pan closely & let ! mu%rooms /ew g5tly f tw5ty to tw5ty-five m9utes1 !n ?ick5 ! butt] ) ! above proportion ( fl\r1 add gradually suffici5t cream1 or cream & milk1 to make ! sauce ( a prop] consi/5cy1 & put 9 ! grat$ nutmeg4 ,if ! mu%rooms are n p]fectly t5d] /ew !m = five m9utes long]1 remove e p>ticle ( butt] :i* may be float+ on ! top1 & s]ve4 ,broil$ ,beef/eak & ,mu%rooms4--,+r$i5ts3 ,two or ?ree doz5 small button mu%rooms1 "o ounce ( butt]1 salt & cay5ne to ta/e1 "o tablespoonful ( mu%room ket*up4 ,mode4 ,wipe ! mu%rooms free f grit ) a piece ( flannel1 & salt2 put !m 9 a /ewpan ) ! butt]1 season+1 & ket*up2 /ir ov] ! fire until ! mu%rooms are q done4 ,h ! /eak nicely broil$1 & p\r ov]4 ,! above is v good ) ei!r broil$ or /ew$ /eak4 ,to ,pres]ve ,mu%rooms4--,+r$i5ts3 ,to ea* qu>t ( mu%rooms all[ ?ree ounces ( butt]1 pepp] & salt to ta/e1 ! juice ( "o lemon1 cl>ifi$ butt]4 ,mode4 ,peel ! mu%rooms1 put !m into cold wat]1 ) a little lemon juice2 take !m out & dry !m v c>efully 9 a clo?4 ,put ! butt] into a /ewpan capable ( hold+ ! mu%rooms2 :5 x is melt$ add ! mu%rooms1 lemon juice1 & a season+ ( pepp] & salt2 draw !m d[n ov] a sl[ fire1 & let !m rema9 until _! liquor is boil$ away & !y h become q dry1 b be c>eful 9 n all[+ !m to /ick to ! bottom ( ! /ewpan4 ,:5 done put !m into pots & p\r ov] ! top cl>ifi$ butt]4 ,if want$ = imm$iate use !y w keep good a few days )\t be+ cov]$ ov]4 ,to rew>m !m put ! mu%rooms into a /ewpan1 /ra9 ! butt] f !m1 & !y w be ready = use4 ,mu%room ,p[d]4--7,a valuable addition to sauces & gravies :5 fre% mu%rooms are n obta9able47 ,+r$i5ts3 ,"o-half peck ( l>ge mu%rooms1 two onions1 twelve cloves1 "o-f\r? ounce ( p\nd$ mace1 two teaspoonfuls ( :ite pepp]4 ,mode4 ,peel ! mu%rooms1 wipe !m p]fectly free f grit & dirt1 remove ! black fur1 & reject all ^? t are at all worm-eat52 put !m into a /ewpan ) ! above +r$i5ts1 b )\t wat]2 %ake !m ov] a cle> fire till all ! liquor is dri$ up1 & be c>eful n to let !m burn2 arrange !m on t9s & dry !m 9 a sl[ ov52 p\nd !m to a f9e p[d]1 :i* put into small dry bottles2 cork well1 seal ! corks1 & keep x 9 a dry place4 ,9 us+ ?is p[d]1 add x to ! gravy j be=e s]v+1 :5 x w require "o boil up4 ,! flavor imp>t$ by ?is means to ! gravy ought to be exce$+ly good4 ,?is %\ld be made 9 ,septemb]1 or at ! beg9n+ ( ,octob]1 & if ! mu%room p[d] bottle 9 :i* x is /or$ away is n p]fectly dry x w spe$ily det]iorate4 ,mu%room ,p[d]4--,?is is = use z a condim5t4 ,! f9e/ full-gr[n mu%rooms--:i* are ! be/ flavor$--%\ld be select$ & prep>$ = dry+1 & dri$ z /at$ "u ! head+ ( ,dri$ ,mu%rooms1 except t x is bett] to dry !m 9 an ov5 or dry+ ma*9e s t !y may be dri$ quickly & become brittle4 ,grate or o!rwise r$uce !m to a f9e p[d]1 & pres]ve ?is 9 tightly-cork$ bottles4 ,to ,dry ,mu%rooms4--,wipe !m clean1 take away ! br[n "p & peel (f ! sk92 lay !m on %eets ( pap] to dry1 9 a cool ov51 :5 !y w %rivel consid]ably4 ,keep !m 9 pap] bags1 :i* hang 9 a dry place4 ,:5 want$ = use put !m into cold gravy1 br+ !m gradually to simm]1 & x w be f\nd t !y w rega9 ne>ly _! usual size4 ,dri$ ,mu%rooms4--,9 ! flu% ( ! pa/ure-mu%room season ga!r a l>ge numb] ( mu%rooms ( all sizes & see t !y are ?or\ghly clean2 remove & disc>d ! /ems & peel ! caps4 ,/ir !m ar\nd = a few m9utes 9 boil+ wat] to :i* a little lemon juice or v9eg> has be5 add$ to prev5t !m f turn+ d>k color$4 ,"s p use pla9 cold wat]1 or cold wat] ) lemon juice or v9eg> 9 x4 ,b nev] use salt 9 prep>+ mu%rooms = dry+1 or else ! salt$ mu%rooms w absorb moi/ure f ! atmosph]e & spoil4 ,take ! mu%rooms out ( ! wat] & dra9 !m on a sieve1 !n /r+ !m & hang !m up to dry & season 9 an op51 airy %$1 z "o w\ld /r+s ( dry+ fruit4 ,!y may also be dri$ 9 a dry+ ma*9e or ov5 z "o w\ld d ) apples or pea*es4 ,!y are us$ z a sub/itute = fre% mu%rooms :5 ! latt] c n be obta9$4 ,9 prep>+ dri$ mu%rooms = use /eep !m 9 tepid wat] or milk until !y become q s(t & plump1 !n dra9 !m dry & cook !m 9 ! same way z fre% mu%rooms4 ,:ile !y are a good sub/itute = ! fre% article !y are defici5t 9 flavor4 ,mu%room ,ket*up4--,to ea* peck ( mu%rooms add "o-half p\nd ( salt2 to ea* qu>t ( mu%room liquor "o-half ounce ( allspice1 "o-half ounce ( g+]1 two blades ( p\nd$ mace1 "o-f\r? ounce ( cay5ne4 ,*oose full-gr[n mu%room flaps1 & be c>eful t !y are p]fectly fre%-ga!r$ :5 ! wea!r is tol]ably dry2 = if !y are pick$ dur+ ra9 ! ket*up made f !m is liable to get mu/y1 & w n keep long4 ,put a lay] ( !m 9 a deep pan1 spr9kle salt ov] !m1 !n ano!r lay] ( mu%rooms & s on alt]nately4 ,let !m rema9 = a few h\rs1 & break !m up ) ! h&2 put !m 9 a cool place = ?ree days1 occasionally /irr+ & ma%+ !m well to extract f !m z mu* juice z possible4 ,measure ! quantity )\t /ra9+1 & to ea* qu>t all[ ! above proportion ( spices1 etc4 ,put all into a /one j>1 cov] x up v closely1 put x 9 a saucepan ( boil+ wat]1 set x ov] ! fire & let x boil = ?ree h\rs4 ,h ready a clean /ewpan2 turn into x ! cont5ts ( ! j>1 & let ! :ole simm] v g5tly = half an h\r2 p\r x into a pit*]1 :]e x %\ld /& 9 a cool place until ! next day2 !n p\r x (f into ano!r pit*] & /ra9 x into v dry clean bottles1 & d n squeeze ! mu%rooms4 ,to ea* p9t ( ket*up add a few drops ( br&y4 ,be c>eful n to %ake ! cont5ts1 b leave all ! s$im5t beh9d 9 ! pit*]2 cork well1 & ei!r seal or ros9 ! cork1 s z to exclude ! air p]fectly4 ,:5 a v cle>1 bright ket*up is want$ ! liquor mu/ be /ra9$ ?r\gh a v f9e hair sieve or flannel bag aft] x has be5 v g5tly p\r$ (f2 if ! op]ation is n successful x mu/ be repeat$ until y h q a cle> liquor4 ,x %\ld be exam9$ occasionally1 & if x is spoil+ %\ld be reboil$ ) a few pepp]corns4 ,seasonable f ! beg9n+ ( ,septemb] to ! middle ( ,octob]1 :5 ?is ket*up %\ld be made4 ,mu%room ,ket*up4--,?is flavor+ +r$i5t1 if g5u9e & well prep>$1 is "o ( ! mo/ useful /ore sauces to ! exp]i5c$ cook1 & no tr\ble %\ld be sp>$ 9 its prep>ation4 ,d\ble ket*up is made by r$uc+ ! liquor to half ! quantity2 = example1 "o qu>t mu/ be boil$ d[n to "o p9t4 ,?is goes fur!r ?an ord9>y ket*up1 z s little is requir$ to flavor a good quantity ( gravy4 ,! s$im5t may also be bottl$ = imm$iate use1 & w be f\nd to answ] = flavor+ ?ick s\ps or gravies4 ,mu%room ,ket*up4--,9 mak+ ket*up use ! v be/ mu%rooms1 full gr[n b "y & fre%1 z x is highly important to secure f9e flavor1 & ?is we c n get f inf]ior mu%rooms4 ,take a measure ( f9e fre% mu%rooms & see t !y are clean & free f grit2 /em & peel !m2 cut !m into v ?9 slices & place a lay] ( ^! on ! bottom ( a deep di% or ture52 spr9kle ?is lay] ) f9e salt1 !n put 9 ano!r lay] & spr9kle ) salt z be=e1 & s on until ! di% is full4 ,! :ite succul5t "p ( ! /ems may also be us$ 9 ! ket*up1 b nev] any discolor$1 t\gh or /r+y "p4 ,on ! top ( all /rew a lay] ( fre% walnut r9d cut into small pieces4 ,place ! di% 9 a cool cell> = f\r or five days1 to all[ ! cont5ts to mac]ate4 ,:5 ! :ole mass has become ne>ly liquid pass x ?r\gh a col&]4 ,!n boil d[n ! /ra9$ liquor to half ( its bulk & add its own weight ( calf's-foot jelly2 season ) allspice or :ite pepp] & boil d[n to ! consi/5ce ( jelly4 ,p\r into /onew>e j>s & keep 9 a cool place4 ,pickl$ ,mu%rooms4--,use suffici5t v9eg> to cov] ! mu%rooms2 to ea* qu>t ( mu%rooms two blades ( p\nd$ mace1 "o ounce ( gr\nd pepp]1 salt to ta/e4 ,*oose "y button mu%rooms = pickl+1 & rub (f ! sk9 ) a piece ( flannel & salt1 & cut (f ! /alks2 if v l>ge take out ! r$ gills & reject ! black ones1 z !y are too old4 ,put !m 9 a /ewpan1 spr9kle salt ov] !m1 ) p\nd$ mace & pepp] 9 ! above proportion2 %ake !m well ov] a cle> fire until ! liquor fl[s1 & keep !m !re until x is all dri$ up aga92 !n add z mu* v9eg> z w cov] !m2 let x simm] = "o m9ute1 & /ore x away 9 /one j>s = use4 ,:5 cold tie d[n ) bladd] & keep 9 a dry place2 !y w rema9 good = a long "t1 & are g5]ally consid]$ delici\s4 ,make ?is ! same "t z ket*up1 f ! beg9n+ ( ,septemb] to ! middle ( ,octob]4 ,! above recipes are furni%$ by ,mrs4 ,george ,amb]ley1 ( ,new ,york ,city4 ,,index4 ,ammonia ,aris+1 #ed ,anguillul1 #abd ,9 ,decay+ ,vegetation1 #abf ,scald+ ,wat] to ,kill1 #abf ,to ,de/roy1 #aad ,app>atus1 ,hot ,wat]1 #cc ,atmosph]e1 ,manure ,/eam = ,moi/5+1 #aad ,rem$y+ a too ,dry1 #aad ,b>n ,cell>s1 #aj ,b$d+1 ,wett$ ) ,ur9e1 #eh ,b$s1 #af ,alongside ( ,wall1 #ah ,bank$ ,aga9/ a ,wall1 #ec ,be>+ 9 ,novemb]1 #be ,black ,spot 9 !1 #ajh ,bor+ ,holes 91 to ,r$uce ,temp]ature1 #gf ,bottom (1 #ag ,box1 #ag ,cas+1 aft] ,spawn+1 #ajj ,cas+ !1 #ajd ,e>?+ ,ov] !1 #ajc ,exp]im5ts z to ,prop] ,"t to ,case1 #ajd ,fifte5 ,in*es ,?ick1 #bb ,firmly ,built1 #gf ,flat1 #ej ,flat1 ,sods fit only =1 #ajg ,floor1 #ai ,floor+ = !1 #bh ,gre5 ,sods1 ,me?od ( ,cas+1 #ajf ,kill+ ! ,mycelium 91 #if ,loam =1 #ajj ,manure1 #bj ,maximum ,heat ( ,be/1 #ge ,midw9t]1 #ci ,mul*+1 #bc ,mu%room1 #ab ,nev] ,spawn1 :5 ,heat is ,ris+1 #if ,odorless1 9 ,dwell+ ,h\se ,cell>s1 #ba ,( ,l[ ,temp]ature1 #gg ,on ! ,floor1 #ac ,outside1 #ab ,p>*+ ,effect ,visible on1 #bf ,pick+ ,fogg$-(f ,mu%rooms f1 #ajh ,rack1 #ac ,re-,invigorat+ ,old1 #abj ,r5ovat+ ,old1 9 ,engl&1 #adb ,ridge1 #ag ,second ,crop f1 #abj ,%elf1 #af1 #bi ,spawn$ at #ff to #gj1 #ig ,spawn+ & ,mold+1 #ad ,spawn+ !1 #if ,sp5t ,mu%room1 #aba ,/ale1 #gf ,tamp+ ,surface (1 #bc ,temp]ature ( a ,twelve ,in* ,?ick ,b$1 #if ,t5 or ,twelve ,in*es ,deep1 #ai ,t5d+ !1 #ag ,?ree ,feet ,deep1 #be ,to ,keep1 ,w>m1 #aji ,topdress$1 #bc ,"u ,gre5h\se ,b5*es1 ,to make1 #ec ,wat]+1 #bd ,wat]+ !1 #ajh ,wat]+ ,mu%room1 #aaa ,:5 ,dry to be ,wat]$1 #aaa ,wide1 ,) ,pa?way ,above199 #dd ,worn ,out1 #abj ,beetles1 ,l>v ( ,two1 ,de/roy+ ,mycelium1 #acb ,b5*es ,cov]$1 #dj ,black ,spot1 #abd ,a ,disease1 #abe ,9 ,b$s 9 ,vigor\s ,be>+1 #abe ,9 ,new ,b$s1 #abe ,is ,un:olesome1 #abf ,to ,prev5t1 #abe ,bo>ds1 ,/epp+1 #ag ,boil] & ,pipes1 #cb ,boil]s1 ,hit*+'s ,base-burn]1 #ca ,box+1 #ai ,lid =1 #ai ,old ,c>pet or ,matt+ ,ov]1 #ai ,bullet or ,%ot ,holes 9 ,mu%rooms1 #abh ,bugs1 ,mealy1 #ab ,calico1 #ah ,caves1 #ag ,caves ( ,p>is1 ,9 !199 #adg ,p>is1 ,description (1 #adc ,fr5* ,spawn ,us$ 91 #adf ,ga!r+ ,mu%rooms = ,m>ket 9 !1 #adi ,mak+ ,b$s 9 !1 #ade ,manure ,us$ 9 !1 #add ,mat]ial ,us$ = & ,me?od ( ,e>?+ ,ov] 91 #adf ,me?ods ( ,regulat+ ,draughts 9 !1 #aej ,prep>ation ( ,manure = !1 #add ,p>is1 ,spawn ,us$ 9 !1 & ,h[ ,obta9$1 #ade ,/ratify+ ,spawn ,be=e ,us+ 9 !1 #adf ,temp]ature 9 ,spaci\s1 ,high ,ro($1 #adg ,v5tilation 9 !1 #adh ,:5 & ,h[ ,mu%rooms are ,ga!r$ 9 !1 #adh ,ceil+1 ,flat1 #cg ,slop+1 #cf ,wet1 #ah ,cell>1 ,b>n1 #ac ,cleanl9ess 9 ! ,mu%room1 #bf ,cool1 #ai ,cross-section ( ! ,dosoris ,mu%room199 #bg ,dosoris ,mu%room1 #bg ,divid$1 #cj ,gr\nd ,plan ( ! ,dosoris199 #bh ,height (1 #ag ,h\se1 #ac ,int]ior ,arrangem5ts (1 #af ,mu%room1 ,"u a ,b>n199 #af ,( ,dwell+ ,h\se1 #ah ,ord9>y1 #ba ,ou?\se1 #ah ,p5t-up1 #ag ,unheat$1 #ag ,vegetable1 #ab ,w>m1 #ai ,:olly ,devot$ to ,mu%room ,gr[+1 #ae ,cell>s1 #aj ,artificial ,heat+1 #ag ,cool1 ,airy1 #bj ,flat ,ro($ ,mu%room1 #ah ,mu%rooms 91 #be ,potato1 #ah ,und]gr\nd1 #ae1 #bg ,ci/]n1 ,l>ge ,und]gr\nd1 #ah ,coal1 ,nut & ,/ove1 #cc ,cold & ,v]m91 #ai ,cook+ ,mu%rooms1 #aej ,crop1 ,common ,av]age1 #cj ,ga!r+ !1 #ag ,m>ket+ !1 #ad ,yield+1 #ca ,crops1 ,capital1 #ag ,cut ,fl[] ,season1 #aa ,dirt1 ,roadside1 #aja ,doors1 ,d\ble1 #af ,outside1 #ce ,s+le1 #af ,drip1 ,cold1 ,fall+ ^u ,b$s1 #cf ,crop ,suff]+ ,f1 #ea ,f ,b5*es1 ! ,effects (1 #ea ,9 ,comm]cial ,gre5h\ses1 #eb ,plan = ,w>d+ (f1 #eb ,du/ & ,noxi\s ,gas1 #ag ,entrance1 #af ,entrance ,pits1 #cj ,economy1 ,false1 #cg ,families1 ,private1 #ah ,f>m]s1 #ac ,flies1 ,manure1 #abf ,manure1 ,ill-favor (1 #abf ,manure ,p]fectly ,h>mless1 #abg ,fire1 ,dang] (1 #cc ,flock1 #acb ,h[ ,g5]al is1 #acd ,! ,cause (1 #acc ,! ,habits & ,mann] ( ,gr[? (1 #acc ,! ,wor/ ,mu%room ,disease1 #acb ,:at x ,looks ,l1 #acd ,:at is1 #acc ,floor1 ,a ,dry1 ,necess>y1 #dg ,common ,e>?1 #dg ,dry1 #ce1 #ci ,e>!n1 #ba ,floor+1 #bi ,fogg+ ,(f1 #ajf1 #aca ,favorable ,conditions =1 #acb ,! ,cause (1 #aca ,flori/s1 #aa ,flori/s' ,gre5h\ses1 #aj ,frame1 ,box$-up ) ,/raw ,cov]+199 #ai ,cov]$ ) ,calico1 #bj ,cov]$ ) ,oil$ ,pap]1 #bj ,common ,hotb$ ,box1 #de ,prep>+ ,b$s 9 !1 #df ,%ad+ !1 #dg ,spawn+ 91 #df ,fro/1 ,ho>1 #ce ,to ,exclude1 #dj ,fruit ,room1 #ab ,furnace1 ,box$ (f1 #ag ,g>d5s1 ,private1 #cg ,grap]y1 ,b$s & ,frames ,inside !1 #ac ,gre5h\se ,b5*1 ,box$ ,mu%room ,b$ ,"u199 #da ,gre5h\se ,b5*es1 ,among ,o!r ,plants on1 #dh ,gre5h\se ,b5*es1 ,on1 #db ,gre5h\se ,b5*es1 ,"u1 #dg ,gre5h\ses1 ,b$s 9 ,op51 ,airy1 #ec ,cool1 #da ,gr[+ ,mu%rooms 91 #da ,9 ,frames 91 #dd ,/eam-heat$1 #dh ,gr[]s1 ,p>isian1 #fj ,heat1 ,artificial n ,absolutely ,necess>y1 #ag ,fire1 #ag ,p>*+1 #ag ,heat]1 ,base-burn+ ,wat]199 #cb ,v]tical ,section199 #cb ,heat+ ,app>atus1 #bh ,hoe1 ,angul>-po9t$1 #bc ,hops1 ,sp5t1 #fh ,sp5t1 ,co/ ,no?+1 #fi ,horses1 ,^? :o ,keep1 #ac ,hotb$ ,frames1 #dd ,h\se1 ,a ,mu%room1 #cd ,c[1 #ac ,gr\nd ,plan ( ,mrs4 ,osborne's ,mu%room199 #cf ,9 ,dwell+1 #ah ,int]ior ,arrangem5t ( ,mu%room1 #cg ,int]ior ,view ( ,mr4 ,h5%aw's ,mu%room199 #cc ,mr4 ,samuel ,h5%aw's1 #cg ,mu%room1 ,built ,aga9/ ,nor?-fac+ ,wall199 #cd ,section ( ,mrs4 ,osborne's199 #ce ,h\ses1 ,fruit-=c+1 #ab ,gr[+ ,mu%rooms 9 ,rose1 #di ,lettuce1 ,mu%rooms 91 #ej ,tomato-=c+1 ,mu%rooms 91 #di ,well-%elt]$ 9 ,w9t]1 #cd ,insecticide1 ,common ,salt z an1 #aac ,leaves1 ,condition (1 to ,heat1 #fh ,f]m5t+1 ,b$s ,compos$ (1 #fh ,oak1 ! ,be/1 #fg ,quick-rott+1 #fg ,tree1 #fg ,lettuce ,h\se1 ,moi/ure (1 #aj ,lice1 ,wood1 #abi ,loam & ,manure1 #aa ,mix$1 #gb ,mix$1 ,temp]ature (1 #gg ,mix$1 ,to ,prep>e1 #gc ,loam1 ,coat+1 #bj ,common1 = ,cas+1 #ajj ,conta9+ ,old ,manure1 #aja ,fibr\s1 ,mell[1 ,be/ = ,e>?+ ,ov]1 #ajc ,fre% ,sod1 #ajj ,heavy1 ,clayey1 #aja ,ord9>y ,field ,soil1 #bf ,sod1 ,reasons = ,use (1 #gc ,topdress+ )1 #ajg ,lot1 ,village or ,suburban1 #ac ,manure1 #ac ,bal$1 #fd ,cell>1 #fb ,city ,/able1 #fc ,common ,horse1 #ba ,c[1 #fe ,c[1 ,necess>y 9 ,manufacture ( ,spawn1 #ff ,dry+ by ,exposure1 #ga ,f]m5t+ ,fre% ,horse1 #bd ,fire-fang$1 #fb ,firmly ,pack$1 #gj ,flies1 #abd1 #abf ,fre%1 #ab ,fre%] ! ,bett]1 #eh ,f ,city ,/ables1 #bf ,g]man ,peat ,moss ,/able1 #ff ,h&l+1 #ce ,homemade1 #fj ,horse1 #eg ,hog1 ,mycelium ,evades1 #fc ,liquid1 #aac ,liquid1 ,c[ & ,%eep1 #aac ,( ,entire ,horses1 #fj ,( ,horses f$ ) ,c>rots1 #fa ,( ,mules1 #fb ,prep>ation ( !1 #fi ,pres]ve ! ,wet & ,/rawy ,"p1 #fj ,prop] ,condition (1 #gb ,sawdu/ ,/able1 #ff ,select$1 #fc ,/eam+ ,hot1 #bd ,! ,be/1 #eg ,to ,prev5t fire-fang 91 #gj ,turn+ !1 #ad1 #ga ,w>m1 #ac ,well-rott$1 #ad ,)\t ,prep>atory ,treatm5t1 #bb ,m>ket1 ,a ,good1 #be ,g>d5]1 #i1 #ae ,g>d5+ ne> ,new ,york1 #i ,m>kets1 ,brooklyn1 #bf ,9 ,w9t]1 #aj ,mat]ials1 ,exhau/$1 #af ,= ,b$s1 ,fre%1 #af ,wa/e (1 #ag ,me?od1 ,mr4 ,d5ton's1 #be ,mr4 ,g>dn]'s1 #ba ,mr4 ,van ,sicl5's1 #bg ,me?ods1 ,avoid+ ,complicat$1 #ba ,mice & ,rats1 #acj ,diff]5t ,k9ds (1 #acj ,fond ( ,mu%rooms1 #acj ,mice1 ,h[ !y ,disfigure ,mu%rooms1 #acj ,mites n a ,mu%room ,pe/1 #acj ,! ,home (1 #acj ,two ,k9ds (1 ,common1 #acj ,moi/ure1 ,cond5sation (1 #df ,mold on ,b$s1 ,h[ ,deep to ,put1 #aje ,money1 ,p9- #ad ,mu%room1 ,a ,p]fect199 #aaf ,affect$ ) ,black ,spot199 #abe ,b$ ,built ,flat on ! ,gr\nd199 #eb ,b$ ,five ,feet ,wide1 ,pr(it f1 #ab ,b$1 ,rigid199 #ec ,b$s1 #aa ,b$s 9 ,engl&1 ,h[ made1 #acg ,b$s1 ,mak+ up !1 #gd ,b$s1 ,manure-fatt$ ,loam 91 #bf ,b$s1 ,manure =1 #eg ,b$s1 ,mr4 ,wilson's199 #ea ,b$s on ,gre5h\se ,b5*es1 ,objection to1 #db ,b$s1 ,sites = ,ar\nd ,london1 #acg ,cell>1 ,p]spective ,view ( ! ,dosoris199 #eh ,crop1 #ac ,flock-,diseas$199 #acc ,food1 #bd ,gr[+ 9 ! ,p>is ,caves1 #adc ,gr[+ ,out ( ,doors a ,specialty1 #acf ,gr[+1 ,pr(it (1 ,ar\nd ,london1 #acf ,gr[+1 ,success 91 #ab ,h\se1 ,a ,regul>1 #ab ,h\se1 ,be/ ,k9d (1 #aa ,h\se1 ,cell> ,ev]ybody's1 #ae ,h\se1 ,damp+ ,floors (1 #aae ,h\ses1 ,clean+ !1 #ace ,h\ses1 ,gr[+ ,mu%rooms 91 #cd ,h\ses1 ,ideal1 #ae ,h\ses1 ,:itewa%+1 #ace ,season ,clos$1 #ca ,spawn1 #gh ,! ,horse1 #dh ,a ,w9t] ,crop1 #ad ,advantages ( ,pull+ ov] ,cutt+1 #aag ,aft] a ,dry ,summ]1 #ee ,& ,grapev9es1 #ac ,black ,spot 91 #abd ,cause ( ,black ,spot 91 #abd ,engli%1 #aae ,fill+ ,/ump ,holes ) ,fre% ,loam1 #aag ,five ,in* ,diamet] be=e ,exp&+1 #dg ,= ,family ,use1 #ac ,= ,s\ps1 ,:5 to ,pick1 #aaf ,fre%1 #ab ,f ,natural ,spawn1 #dh ,f ,octob] ,until ,may1 #cj ,ga!r+ & ,m>ket+1 #aae ,ga!r+ ,field & ,wild1 #aah ,ga!r+ 9 ,cold ,wea!r1 #adj ,good1 #ai ,gr[+ 9 ,cell>s1 #ae ,gr[+ 9 ,fields1 #ed ,gr[+1 9 ,n>r[ ,tr\ghs1 #ei ,gr[+ 9 ,ridges ,ar\nd ,london1 #acf ,gr[+ 9 ,sawdu/1 #fg ,gr[n on ,gre5h\se ,b5*es199 #dc ,gr[? ( f ,spawn+ "u ,diff]5t ,temp]atures1 #aaj ,head ,room1 #ai ,importance ( ,c>e 9 ,ga!r+ & ,pack+ = ,%ipm5t1 #aai ,9 ,augu/ & ,septemb]1 #ef ,9 ,crates & ,baskets1 #aah ,9 ! ,fields1 ,plan ( ,gr[+1 #ee ,insect & ,o!r ,enemies (1 #abb ,knack 9 ,pull+1 #aag ,maggots 91 #abb1 #abd ,maggots 91 appe> 9 ,april1 #abc ,maggots1 ,size (1 91 #abc ,m>ket$ 9 ,pap] ,boxes1 #aah ,m>ket+1 #aah ,n a ,bulky ,crop1 #aa ,on ,gre5h\se ,b5* ,"u ,tomatoes1 #de ,pack$ 9 ,punnets = ,london ,m>ket1 #aai ,pick+ s z n to ,di/urb ,buttons1 #aag ,p9-,head1 #ajg ,pr(it on1 ,cle> ,ga91 #ea ,prop] ,mann] ( ,pick+1 #aaf ,pull$1 ,keep+ ,qualities (1 #aag ,scoop+ ,out ! ,/umps1 #aag ,sold by ! ,p\nd1 #aah ,sort+ & ,pack+ = ,m>ket1 9 ,engl&1 #ada ,summ] ,crops (1 #abc ,"u ! ,b5*es1 #aa ,:5 ,fit to ,pick1 #aae ,:o ,%\ld ,gr[1 #i ,wild1 #ee ,mul*+1 ,:5 to ,remove1 #db ,mycelium1 ,liquid to ,enc\rage ,spread (1 #gg ,odor1 ,bad1 #bj ,outbuild+s1 #ab ,pap]1 ,build+1 #eb ,oil$1 #ah ,passage-ways1 #ah ,pa?ways1 #af ,peat ,moss1 ,bale ( ,g]man1 #ff ,pipes1 ,heat+1 #ag ,hot1 ,injury f1 #dh ,hot ,wat]1 #bc ,%eet ,iron1 #bg ,smoke1 #cc ,private ,g>d5]s1 #ab ,rats1 ,m ,de/ructive ?an ,mice1 #aca ,recipes = ,cook+ & ,pres]v+ ,mu%rooms1 #aej ,a la ,casse1 ,t\t1 #aeg ,a la ,crme1 #aed ,bak$1 #aeb1 #aef ,broil$1 #aed1 #aef ,broil$ ,beef/eak &1 #aeh ,cook$1 ,g5]al ,directions = ,s]v+1 #aeb ,cook+1 #aej ,cook+1 ,g5]al ,prep>ation (1 =1 #aea ,curri$1 #aed ,dri$1 #afj ,gilb]t's ,breakfa/1 #aef ,ket*up1 #afj1 #afa1 #afb ,k9d (1 to ,select =1 #aej ,pickl$1 #afb ,pott$1 #aee ,p[d]1 #aei ,s\p1 #aed ,soy]'s ,breakfa/1 #aec ,/ems1 #aee ,/ew$1 #aec1 #aeg ,to ,dry1 #aei ,to ,pres]ve1 #aeh ,ridges1 #ag ,cas+ !1 #aci ,cov]+ !1 #adj ,cov]+ ) ,litt]1 #aci ,dr5*+ ,ra9s ,injuri\s to1 #aci ,fir/ made 9 ,augu/1 #adj ,= ,gr[+ ,mu%rooms 9 ,op5 ,field1 #ach ,me?od ( ,ga!r+ ,mu%rooms f1 #ada ,smoo?+ !1 #aci ,! ,cov]$199 #adj ,wat]+ !1 #aci ,ro(1 #ce ,ro(s wat]-tight1 #ci ,( ,t91 #ch ,) ,coat+ ( ,salt ,hay1 #ch ,salad ,plants1 #aj ,sa%es1 #df ,secret1 ,no1 #ad ,%ad+ on ,sunny ,days1 #db ,%aft1 ,*imney-l1 #af ,%aft1 ,tall1 ,wood51 #bh ,%$1 ,op5 on ,s\? ,side1 #ci ,pott+1 #ab ,w>m ,pott+1 #dj ,! ,t]m ,appli$1 #dj ,tool1 #ab ,wood1 #ab ,%$s1 ,gr[+ ,mu%rooms 91 #ci ,unheat$1 #dj ,%elves1 ,tempor>y ,/ructures1 #be ,%utt]s1 ,light ,wood51 #ec ,slugs1 #abg ,attack ,mu%rooms 9 all ,/ages1 #abg ,bit+ into ,/ems ( ,mu%rooms1 #abg ,fond ( ,mu%rooms1 #abg ,h[ to ,cat* & ,kill1 #abh ,salt ,di/a/eful to1 #abh ,! ,cause ( ,bullet or ,%ot ,holes1 #abh ,soil1 ,conditions ( = ,cas+1 #aje ,firm+ !1 #ajf ,f ,slopes & ,dry ,holl[s 9 ,woods1 #aja ,ord9>y ,g>d51 #aja ,peat1 or ,swamp ,muck1 #aja ,s&y1 #aja ,sift+1 = ,cas+1 #aje ,s\!rn ,/ates1 #aj ,spawn1 #ac ,am]ican-made1 #hf ,am\nt ( ,import$1 #hj ,ano!r ,me?od by ,la*aume1 #id ,black ,color$ to be ,avoid$1 #hf ,break+1 #bc ,brick199 #hj ,brick1 ,cut 9 ,pieces = ,plant+199 #ig ,brick1 ,h[ to ,make1 #hg ,brick1 ! ,be/1 #ie ,dep? to ,plant1 #ih ,effect ( ,heat & ,moi/ure ,^u1 #hc ,effect ( ,sev]e ,fro/ ,^u1 #hc ,engli%1 #ha ,engli% ,brick1 #bc ,flake1 #hb1 #ii ,flake1 ,does ,be/ "u ,cov]1 #ie ,flake or ,fr5*199 #hb ,fr5*1 #hb ,fr5* ,flake1 #bd ,homemade ,ar\nd ,london1 #acg ,h[ to ,di/+ui% ,good f ,poor1 #hd ,h[ to ,get1 #gi ,h[ to ,keep1 #hc ,h[ to make ,fr5* 7,flake71 #ia ,import$ f ,europe1 #gi ,9 ,leaf ,b$s1 #fh ,9 ,manure1 ,d n ,bury1 #aj ,ins]t+ ,fr5* or ,flake1 #ih ,ins]t+ m ?an ,?ree ,in*es ,deep1 #aje ,insur+ ,developm5t (1 #di ,la*aume's ,me?od ( ,mak+1 #ic ,mak+1 ,di/9ct ,bran*1 #hg ,mak+ ,fr5* ,virg91 #ib ,mill-track1 #ha ,mr4 ,j4 ,burton's ,me?od ( ,mak+1 #ij ,natural1 #ha ,new ,v]sus ,old1 #hc ,nev] use ,dibb] 9 ,plant+1 #ih ,o!r ,recipes = ,mak+1 #hi ,plant+ ( 9 ,op5 ,fields1 #ed ,prep>+ !1 #ig ,pr9cipal ,am]ican ,gr[]s (1 #hf ,relative ,m]its ( ,flake & ,brick1 #id ,signs ( ,/]ility 91 #he ,simple/ ,way ( ,mak+1 #hh ,/eep$1 #ii ,! ,way 9 :i* x ,comes1 #ha ,to tell ,quality by ,smell (1 #he ,transplant+ ,pieces ( ,work+1 #ii ,v ,dead1 #hd ,v ,liv+1 #hd ,virg91 #hb1 #ia ,:at is ,mu%room1 #gh ,:]e ,obta9$1 #gi ,spid]s1 ,r$1 #ab ,spores1 ,myriads (1 #gh ,spuri\s ,fungi1 #ajb ,/able1 ,empty ,/all 9 ,horse1 #ac ,/ag+1 ,erect+ ,tempor>y1 #df ,/airway1 #af ,9 ,pit1 #cb ,/&>d ,crop1 #i ,/oke-hole1 #ab ,/ove1 ,common ,iron1 #bf ,/raw1 ,rye1 #dg ,sunlight1 ,protection f1 #aj ,temp]ature1 #aj ,at ,night1 #da ,ab\t #eg ,suitable1 #bc ,fluctuations (1 #ae ,f #ej to #fj1 #ah ,high1 #ai ,9 ,dosoris ,cell>s1 #aji ,9 ,midw9t]1 #cc ,l[1 #ae ,prop]1 #ge1 #aji ,sudd5 ,*anges to be ,avoid$1 #dg ,too ,high1 ,gu>d ,aga9/1 #gf ,w9t]1 #fj ,necess>y1 #ch ,?rips1 #ab ,toads1 #aca ,n to be ,recomm5d$1 #aca ,upheav+ ,clumps ( ,mu%rooms1 #aca ,toad/ools1 #ajb ,on ,hotb$s1 #ajb ,on ,manure ,piles1 #ajb ,trapp+ ,rats & ,mice1 #aca ,traps = ,wood ,lice1 #abi ,tunnel1 ,subt]ranean1 #bg ,v5tilation1 ,assi/+1 #ag ,v5tilator1 ,*imney-l1 #bb ,v5tilators1 #af1 #bh ,side ,w9d[1 #ce ,w9d[ & ,doors1 #ba ,village ,p & ,suburban ,resid5ts1 #ac ,wall1 ,cold1 n ,injuri\s #cj ,walls #ce ,w>m?1 ,artificial1 #ag ,/eady1 #ag ,wat]1 ,manure1 = ,b$s 9 ,full ,be>+1 #aab ,space & ,d\ble ,cas+1 #cb ,wat]+1 ,endeavor to ,less5 ,necessity (1 #aaa ,=1 use ,clean1 ,s(t ,wat]1 #aaa ,ov] ,mul*+1 #aaa ,pot1 ,size to use1 #aab ,wife1 ,f>m]'s1 #ad ,w9d[s1 #af ,w9ds1 ,pi]c+1 & ,draughts1 #ci ,wom5 ,se>*+ = ,remun]ative ,employm5t1 #ad ,wood ,lice1 #abi ,abundant 9 ,mu%room ,h\ses1 #abi ,eat+ ,potato1 #abi ,h[ to ,trap1 #abi ,"w1 ,clean1 #ad ,a ,valuable ,p]iodical = ev]ybody 9 ,city1 ,village1 & ,c\ntry4 ,! ,am]ican ,agriculturi/4 7,,e/abli%$ #ahdb47 ,,! ,,lead+ ,,int]national ,,publication ,,= ,,! ,,f>m1 ,,g>d51 ,,& ,,h\sehold4 ,illu/ration ,a ,,mon?ly ,,magaz9e ( f #dh to #fd pages 9 ea* numb]1 conta9+ 9 ea* volume upw>d ( #gjj pages & ov] #ajjj orig9al engrav+s ( typical & prize-w9n+ ,horses1 ,cattle1 ,%eep1 ,sw9e1 & ,f[ls2 ,new ,fruits1 ,vegetables1 & ,fl[]s2 ,h\se & ,b>n ,plans2 ,new ,implem5ts & ,labor-sav+ ,contrivances2 & _m pleas+ & in/ructive pictures = "y & old4 ,,! ,,/&>d ,,au?ority 9 all matt]s p]ta9+ to ,agriculture1 ,horticulture1 & ,rural ,arts1 & ! olde/ & mo/ ably edit$ p]iodical ( its class 9 ! _w4 ,,be/ ,,rural ,,p]iodical ,,9 ,,! ,,_w4 ,! ?\s&s ( h9ts & sugge/ions giv5 9 e volume are prep>$ by practical1 intellig5t f>m]s1 :o "k :at !y write ab\t4 ,! ,h\sehold ,dep>tm5t is valuable to e h\sekeep]1 af=d+ v _m useful h9ts & directions calculat$ to light5 & facilitate indoor "w4 ,! ,dep>tm5t = ,*ildr5 & ,y\? 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,ev]gre5 & ,decidu\s1 ) ,notes on a l>ge numb] ( ! mo/ valuable ,exotic ,species4 ,by ,&rew ,s4 ,full]1 au?or ( ,grape ,culturi/ ,small ,fruit ,culturi/ etc4 #a4ej ,! ,dairyman's ,manual4 ,by ,h5ry ,/ew>t1 au?or ( ,! ,%eph]d's ,manual1 ,irrigation1 etc4 ,a useful & practical "w by a writ] :o is well kn[n z ?or\ghly famili> ) ! subject ( :i* he writes4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #b4jj ,truck ,f>m+ at ! ,s\?4 ,a "w giv+ ! exp]i5ce ( a successful gr[] ( vegetables or gra9 truck = ,nor!rn m>kets4 ,ess5tial to any "o :o contemplates ent]+ ?is promis+ field ( ,agriculture4 ,by ,a4 ,oeml]1 ( ,georgia4 ,illu/rat$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4ej ,h>ris on ! ,pig4 ,new edition4 ,revis$ & enl>g$ by ! au?or4 ,! po9ts ( ! v>i\s ,engli% & ,am]ican bre$s are ?or\ghly discuss$1 & ! great advantage ( us+ ?or\ghbr$ males cle>ly %[n4 ,! "w is equally valuable to ! f>m] :o keeps b few pigs1 & to ! bre$] on an ext5sive scale4 ,by ,joseph ,h>ris4 ,illu/rat$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4ej ,jones's ,peanut ,plant--,its ,cultivation & ,uses4 ,a practical ,book1 in/ruct+ ! beg9n] h[ to raise good crops ( ,peanuts4 ,by ,b4 ,w4 ,jones1 ,surry ,co41 ,va4 ,pap] ,cov]1 4#ej ,b>ry's ,fruit ,g>d54 ,by ,p4 ,b>ry4 ,a /&>d "w on fruit & fruit-trees2 ! au?or hav+ _h ov] ?irty ye>s' practical exp]i5ce at ! head ( "o ( ! l>ge/ nurs]ies 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,new edition1 revis$ up to date4 ,invaluable to all fruit-gr[]s4 ,illu/rat$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #b4jj ,! ,propagation ( ,plants4 ,by ,&rew ,s4 ,full]4 ,illu/rat$ ) num]\s engrav+s4 ,an em95tly practical & useful "w4 ,describ+ ! process ( hybridiz+ & cross+ species & v>ieties1 & also ! _m diff]5t modes by :i* cultivat$ plants may be propagat$ & multipli$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4ej ,/ew>t's ,%eph]d's ,manual4 ,a ,valuable ,practical ,treatise on ! ,%eep = ,am]ican f>m]s & %eep gr[]s4 ,x is s pla9 t a f>m]1 or a f>m]'s son1 :o has nev] kept a %eep1 may le>n f its pages h[ to manage a flock successfully1 & yet s complete t ev5 ! exp]i5c$ %eph]d may ga!r _m sugge/ions f x4 ,! results ( p]sonal exp]i5ce ( "s ye>s ) ! *>act]s ( ! v>i\s mod]n bre$s ( %eep1 & ! %eep-rais+ capabilities ( _m portions ( our ext5sive t]ritory & t ( ,canada--& ! c>eful /udy ( ! diseases to :i* our %eep are *iefly subject1 ) ^? by :i* !y may ev5tually be afflict$ ?r\gh un=ese5 accid5ts--z well z ! me?ods ( managem5t call$ = "u our circum/ances1 are "h ga!r$4 ,by ,h5ry ,/ew>t4 ,illu/rat$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4ej ,all5's ,am]ican ,cattle4 ,_! ,hi/ory1 ,bre$+1 & ,managem5t4 ,by ,lewis ,f4 ,all54 ,?is ,book w be consid]$ indisp5sable by e bre$] ( live /ock4 ,! l>ge exp]i5ce ( ! au?or 9 improv+ ! "* ( ,am]ican h]ds adds to ! weight ( 8 obs]vations1 & has enabl$ him to produce a "w :i* w at once make good 8 claims z a /&>d au?ority on ! subject4 ,new & revis$ edition4 ,illu/rat$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #b4ej ,full]'s ,grape ,culturi/4 ,by4 ,a4 ,s4 ,full]4 ,?is is "o ( ! v be/ ( works on ! culture ( ! h>dy grapes1 ) full directions = all dep>tm5ts ( propagation1 culture1 etc41 ) #aej excell5t engrav+s1 illu/rat+ plant+1 tra9+1 graft+1 etc4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4ej ,:ite's ,cranb]ry ,culture4 ,,cont5ts3--,natural ,hi/ory4-- ,hi/ory ( ,cultivation4-- ,*oice ( ,location4-- ,prep>+ ! ,gr\nd4-- ,plant+ ! ,v9es4-- ,managem5t ( ,mead[s4-- ,flood+-- ,enemies & ,difficulties ,ov]come4-- ,pick+4-- ,keep+4-- ,pr(it & ,loss4-- ,lett]s f ,practical ,gr[]s4-- ,insects ,injuri\s to ! ,cranb]ry4 ,by ,joseph ,j4 ,:ite4 ,a practical gr[]4 ,illu/rat$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 ,new & revis$ edition4 #a4be ,h]b]t's ,h9ts to ,horse-,keep]s4 ,?is is "o ( ! be/ & mo/ popul> works on ! ,horse 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,a ,complete ,manual = ,horsem51 embrac+3 ,h[ to ,bre$ a ,horse2 ,h[ to ,buy a ,horse2 ,h[ to ,break a ,horse2 ,h[ to ,use a ,horse2 ,h[ to ,fe$ a ,horse2 ,h[ to ,physic a ,horse 7,allopa?y or ,homoepa?y72 ,h[ to ,groom a ,horse2 ,h[ to ,drive a ,horse2 ,h[ to ,ride a ,horse1 etc4 ,by ! late ,h5ry ,william ,h]b]t 7,frank ,=e/]71 ,beautifully ,illu/rat$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4ge ,h5d]son's ,practical ,floriculture4 ,by ,pet] ,h5d]son4 ,a guide to ! successful propagation & cultivation ( flori/s' plants4 ,! "w is n "o = flori/s & g>d5]s only1 b ! amateur's wants are con/antly kept 9 m9d1 & we h a v complete treatise on ! cultivation ( fl[]s "u glass1 or 9 ! op5 air1 suit$ to ^? :o gr[ fl[]s = pleasure z well z ^? :o make !m a matt] ( trade4 ,! "w is *>act]iz$ by ! same radical common s5se t m>k$ ! au?or's ,g>d5+ = ,pr(it1 & x holds a high place 9 ! e/imation ( lov]s ( agriculture4 ,beautifully illu/rat$4 ,new & enl>g$ edition4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4ej ,h>ris's ,talks on ,manures4 ,by ,joseph ,h>ris1 ,m4 ,s41 au?or ( ,walks & ,talks on ! ,f>m1 ,h>ris on ! ,pig4 etc4 ,revis$ & enl>g$ by ! au?or4 ,a s]ies ( famili> & practical talks betwe5 ! au?or & ! deacon1 ! doctor1 & o!r neighbors1 on ! :ole subject ( manures & f]tiliz]s2 includ+ a *apt] specially writt5 = x by ,sir ,john ,b5net ,lawes1 ( ,ro?am/$1 ,engl&4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4ge ,w>+'s ,dra9+ = ,pr(it & ,dra9+ = ,heal?4 ,?is book is a v complete & practical treatise1 ! directions 9 :i* are pla91 & easily foll[$4 ,! subject ( ?or\gh f>m dra9age is discuss$ 9 all its be>+s1 & also t m ext5sive l& dra9age by :i* ! sanit>y condition ( any di/rict may be greatly improv$1 ev5 to ! bani%m5t ( fev] & ague1 typhoid & mal>i\s fev]4 ,by ,geo4 ,e4 ,w>+1 ,jr4 ,illu/rat$4 ,clo? #abmo4 #a4ej ,! ,practical ,rabbit-,keep]4 ,by ,cuniculus4 ,illu/rat$4 ,a compreh5sive "w on keep+ & rais+ ,rabbits = pleasure z well z = pr(it4 ,! book is abundantly illu/rat$ ) all ! v>i\s ,c\rts1 ,w>r5s1 ,hut*es1 ,f5c+1 etc41 & also ) excell5t portraits ( ! mo/ important species ( rabbits ?r\gh\t ! _w4 #abmo4 #a4ej ,qu9by's ,new ,bee-,keep+4 ,! ,my/]ies ( ,bee-keep+ ,expla9$4 ,comb9+ ! results ( ,fifty ,ye>s' ,exp]i5ce1 ) ! late/ discov]ies & inv5tions1 & pres5t+ ! mo/ approv$ me?ods1 =m+ a complete "w4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4ej ,pr(its 9 ,p\ltry4 ,useful & ,ornam5tal ,bre$s & _! ,pr(itable ,managem5t4 ,?is excell5t "w conta9s ! comb9$ exp]i5ce ( a numb] ( practical m5 9 all dep>tm5ts ( p\ltry rais+4 ,x is pr(usely illu/rat$ & =ms an unique & important addition to our p\ltry lit]ature4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4jj ,b>n ,plans & ,outbuild+s4 ,two ,hundr$ & ,fifty-sev5 ,illu/rations4 ,a mo/ ,valuable ,"w1 full ( ,ideas1 ,h9ts1 ,sugge/ions1 ,plans1 etc41 = ! ,con/ruction ( ,b>ns & ,outbuild+s1 by ,practical writ]s4 ,*apt]s are devot$1 among o!r subjects1 to ! ,economic ,erection & ,use ( ,b>ns4 ,gra9 ,b>ns1 ,h\se ,b>ns1 ,cattle ,b>ns1 ,%eep ,b>ns1 ,corn ,h\ses1 ,smoke ,h\ses1 ,ice ,h\ses1 ,pig ,p5s1 ,gran>ies1 etc4 ,!re are likewise *apt]s ^u ,bird ,h\ses1 ,dog ,h\ses1 ,tool ,%$s1 ,v5tilators1 ,ro(s & ,ro(+1 ,doors & ,fa/5+s1 ,"w ,%ops1 ,p\ltry ,h\ses1 ,manure ,%$s1 ,b>n ,y>ds1 ,root ,pits1 etc4 ,rec5tly publi%$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4ej ,p>sons on ! ,rose4 ,by ,samuel ,b4 ,p>sons4 ,a treatise on ! propagation1 culture1 & hi/ory ( ! rose4 ,new & revis$ edition4 ,9 8 "w ^u ! rose1 ,mr4 ,p>sons has ga!r$ up ! curi\s leg5ds conc]n+ ! fl[]1 & gives u an idea ( ! e/eem 9 :i* x 0 held 9 =m] times4 ,a simple g>d5 classification has be5 adopt$1 & ! lead+ v>ieties "u ea* class enum]at$ & briefly describ$4 ,! *apt]s on multiplication1 cultivation1 & tra9+ are v full1 & ! "w is altoge!r "o ( ! mo/ complete be=e ! public4 ,illu/rat$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4jj ,he9ri*'s ,w9d[ ,fl[] ,g>d54 ,! au?or is a practical flori/1 & ?is ent]pris+ volume embodies 8 p]sonal exp]i5ces 9 ,w9d[ ,g>d5+ dur+ a long p]iod4 ,new & enl>g$ edition4 ,by ,julius ,j4 ,he9ri*4 ,fully ,illu/rat$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 4#ge ,liaut>d's ,*>t ( ! ,age ( ! ,dome/ic ,animals4 ,adopt$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,army4 ,enables "o to accurately det]m9e ! age ( horses1 cattle1 %eep1 dogs1 & pigs4 4#ej ,p$d]'s ,l& ,measur] = ,f>m]s4 ,a conv5i5t ,pocket ,companion1 %[+ at once ! cont5ts ( any piece ( l&1 :5 its l5g? & wid? are kn[n1 up to #a1ejj feet ei!r way1 ) v>i\s o!r useful f>m tables4 ,clo?1 #ahmo2 4#fj ,h[ to ,plant & ,:at to ,d ) ! ,crops4 ,) o!r valuable h9ts = ! ,f>m1 ,g>d5 & ,or*>d4 ,by ,m>k ,w4 ,johnson4 ,illu/rat$4 ,,cont5ts3 ,times = ,s[+ ,se$s2 ,cov]+ ,se$s2 ,field ,crops2 ,g>d5 or ,vegetable ,se$s1 ,sweet ,h]bs1 etc42 ,tree ,se$s2 ,fl[] ,se$s2 ,fruit ,trees2 ,di/ances ,ap>t = ,fruit ,trees & ,%rubs2 ,pr(itable ,f>m+2 ,gre5 or ,manur+ ,crops2 ,root ,crops2 ,=age ,plants2 ,:at to d ) ! ,crops2 ,! ,rotation ( ,crops2 ,v>ieties2 ,pap] ,cov]s1 po/-paid4 4#ej ,y\r ,plants4 ,pla9 & ,practical ,directions = ! ,treatm5t ( ,t5d] & ,h>dy ,plants 9 ! ,h\se & 9 ! ,g>d54 ,by ,james ,%eehan4 ,! above title well describes ! "* ( ! "w--,pla9 & ,practical4 ,! au?or1 a comm]cial flori/ & g>d5]1 has endeavor$1 9 ?is "w1 to answ] ! _m que/ions ask$ by 8 cu/om]s1 z to ! prop] treatm5t ( plants4 ,! book %[s all ?r\gh t its au?or is a practical man1 & he writes z "o ) a l>ge /ore ( exp]i5ce4 ,! "w bett] meets ! wants ( ! amateur :o gr[s a few plants 9 ! w9d[1 or has a small fl[] ,g>d51 ?an a l>g] treatise int5d$ = ^? :o cultivate plants ^u a m ext5d$-scale4 ,price1 po/-paid1 pap] cov]s4 4#dj ,husmann's ,am]ican ,grape-,gr[+ & ,w9e-,mak+4 ,by ,george ,husmann ( ,talcoa v9ey>ds1 ,napa1 ,cali=nia4 ,new & enl>g$ edition4 ,) contributions f well-kn[n grape-gr[]s1 giv+ a wide range ( exp]i5ce4 ,! au?or ( ?is book is a recogniz$ au?ority on ! subject4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4ej ,! ,sci5tific ,angl]4 ,a g5]al & in/ructive "w on ,arti/ic ,angl+1 by ! late ,david ,fo/]4 ,compil$ by 8 ,sons4 ,) an ,introductory ,*apt] & ,copi\s ,foot ,notes1 by ,william ,c4 ,h>ris1 ,editor ( ! ,am]ican ,angl]4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4ej ,keep+ ,"o ,c[4 ,a collection ( ,prize ,essays1 & selections f a numb] ( o!r ,essays1 ) editorial notes1 sugge/ions1 etc4 ,?is book gives ! late/ in=mation1 & 9 a cle> & cond5s$ =m1 ^u ! managem5t ( a s+le ,mil* ,c[4 ,illu/rat$ ) full-page engrav+s ( ! mo/ fam\s dairy c[s4 ,rec5tly publi%$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4jj ,law's ,vet]9>y ,advis]4 ,a ,guide to ! ,prev5tion & ,treatm5t ( ,disease 9 ,dome/ic ,animals4 ,?is is "o ( ! be/ works on ?is subject1 & is especially design$ to supply ! ne$ ( ! busy ,am]ican ,f>m]1 :o c r>ely avail himself ( ! advice ( a ,sci5tific ,vet]9>ian4 ,x is br\ght up to date & treats ( ! ,prev5tion ( ,disease1 z well z ( ! ,rem$ies4 ,by ,pr(4 ,jas4 ,law4 ,clo?1 ,cr[n #hvo4 #c4jj ,gu5on's ,treatise on ,mil* ,c[s4 ,a ,treatise on ! ,bov9e ,species 9 ,g5]al4 ,an entirely new translation ( ! la/ edition ( ?is popul> & in/ructive book4 ,by ,?os4 ,j4 ,h&1 ,secret>y ( ! ,am]ican ,j]sey ,cattle ,club4 ,) ov] #ajj ,illu/rations1 especially engrav$ = ?is "w4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4jj ,! ,cid] ,mak]'s ,h&book4 ,a complete guide = mak+ & keep+ pure cid]4 ,by ,j4 ,m4 ,tr[bridge4 ,fully ,illu/rat$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #a4jj ,long's ,ornam5tal ,g>d5+ = ,am]icans4 ,a treatise on ,beautify+ ,homes1 ,rural ,di/ricts1 & ,cemet]ies4 ,a pla9 & practical "w at a mod]ate price1 ) num]\s illu/rations1 & in/ructions s pla9 t !y may be readily foll[$4 ,by ,elias ,a4 ,long4 ,l&scape ,ar*itect4 ,illu/rat$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #b4jj ,! ,dogs ( ,great ,brita91 ,am]ica & ,o!r ,c\ntries4 ,new1 enl>g$ & revis$ edition4 ,_! bre$+ tra9+ & managem5t1 9 heal? & disease2 compris+ all ! ess5tial p>ts ( ! two /&>d works on ! dog1 by ,/oneh5ge1 !reby furni%+ = #b :at once co/ #aa4be4 ,conta9s ,li/s ( all ,premiums giv5 at ! la/ ,dog ,%[s4 ,x ,describes ! ,be/ ,game & ,hunt+ ,gr\nds 9 ,am]ica4 ,conta9s ov] ,"o ,hundr$ ,beautiful ,engrav+s1 embrac+ mo/ not$ ,dogs 9 bo? ,cont95ts1 mak+ toge!r1 ) ,*apt]s by ,am]ican ,writ]s1 ! mo/ ,complete ,dog ,book ev] publi%$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #b4jj ,/ew>t's ,fe$+ ,animals4 ,by ,elliot ,w4 ,/ew>t4 ,a new & valuable practical "w ^u ! laws ( animal gr[?1 specially appli$ to ! re>+ & fe$+ horses1 cattle1 di>y c[s1 %eep & sw9e4 ,illu/rat$4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #b4jj ,h[ to ,co-op]ate4 ,a ,manual = ,co-op]ators4 ,by ,h]b]t ,myrick4 ,?is book describes ! h[ r ?an ! :]e=e ( co-op]ation4 ,9 o!r words x tells h[ to manage a co-op]ative /ore1 f>m or factory1 & co-op]ative dairy+1 bank+ & fire insurance1 & co-op]ative f>m]s' & wom5's ex*anges = bo? buy+ & sell+4 ,! directions giv5 are bas$ on ! actual exp]i5ce ( successful co-op]ative ent]prises 9 all p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! "* & usefulness ( ! book comm5d x to ! att5tion ( all m5 & wom5 :o desire to bett] _! condition4 #abmo4 ,clo?4 #a4ej ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 #a4 ,*ang$ ,page #a to ,page #i 9 ,table ( ,cont5ts ,*apt] ,i4 #b4 ,a/]isks are us$ 9 ! index to ref] to illu/rations4