,transcrib]'s ,note3   ,spell+ &        
punctuation are un*ang$4 ,exceptions are
 not$   at ! end ( ! text4              
,illu/ration                            
,a                      ,,treatise      
on !                        ,,art       
(                      ,,danc+4         
,by ,giovanni-,&rea ,gall9i4            
,,london3              ,pr9t$ = !       
,,au?or2     ,& ,sold by ,r4 ,,dodsley1 
9 ,pall-,mall2  ,t4 ,,becket & ,p4 ,a4  
,,de ,,hondt1 9 ! ,/r&2       ,j4       
,,dixwell1 9 ,/4 ,m>t9's-,lane1         
ne> ,*>+-,cross2                       &
      ,at ,mr4 ,,bremn]'s ,music ,%op1  
opposite        ,som]set-,h\se1 9 !     
,/r&4                     ,,mdcclxxii4  
,! ,,table    ( ,,cont5ts4     ,( !     
,anti5t ,dance                          
p4 #ag    ,( ,danc+ 9 ,g5]al            
#di    ,( sundry ,requisites = !        
,p]fection     ( ! ,art ( ,danc+        
#hi    ,"s ,?\ghts on ! ,utility (      
,le>n+ to ,dance1     & especially ^u ! 
,m9uet                          #aci    

,summ>y ,acc\nt ( v>i\s ,k9ds ( ,dances 
9 diff]5t ,p>ts ( ! ,_w                 
#aha    ,( ,pantomimes                  
#bbg     ,,adv]tisem5t4   ,:at ,i h "h  
to say is r 9 ! nature ( an apology ?an 
( a preface or adv]tisem5t4 ,! v title (
 a ,treatise ^u ! art ( danc+ by a      
danc+-ma/]1 implicitly ?reat5s s mu*    
ei!r ( ! exag]ation ( ! pr(ession1 or ( 
! recomm5dation ( himself1 & mo/        
probably ( bo?1 t x _c be improp] = me  
to bespeak ! read]'s favorable          
precaution aga9/ s natural a prejudice4 
,my pr9cipal motive = haz>d+ ?is        
production is1 indisputably1 gratitude4 
,! approbation ) :i* my endeav\rs to    
please 9 ! dances ( my composition h be5
 honor$1 inspir$ me ) no s5tim5t s      
/rongly z t ( desir+ to prove to !      
public1 t s5sibility ( its favor2 :i*1 9
 an arti/1 is m ?an a duty4 ,x is ev5 "o
 ( ! means ( obta9+ its favor1 by its   
inspir+ t aim at p]fection1 9 ord] to ! 
des]v+ x1 :i* is unkn[n to a m]ely      
m]c5>y _s4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( t s5tim5t1 x

 occurr$ to me1 t x might n be unpleas+ 
to ! public to h a fair /ate ( !        
pret5tions ( ?is art to its enc\ragem5t1
 & ev5 to its e/eem1 laid be=e x1 by a  
practition] ( ?is art4 ,9 /at+ ^!       
pret5tions1 !re is no?+ ,i %all m avoid 
?an ! en?usiasm aris+ f t vanity or     
self-conceit1 :i* leads p into !        
ridicule ( ov]-rat+ ! m]it or importance
 ( _! pr(ession4 ,i %all n1 = example1  
presume to recomm5d danc+ z a virtue2 b 
,i may1 )\t presumption1 repres5t x z "o
 ( ! pr9cipal graces1 &1 9 ! j light1 ( 
be+ employ$ 9 adorn+ & mak+ ,virtue     
amiable1 :o is f> f reject+ su*         
assi/5ce4 ,9 ! view ( a g5teel ex]cise1 
x /r5g!ns ! body2 9 ! view ( a lib]al   
accompli%m5t1 x visibly diffuses a      
graceful agility ?r\gh x2 9 ! view ( a  
private or public ent]ta9m5t1 x is n    
only a g5]al in/9ct ( nature1 express+  
heal? & joy by no?+ s /rongly z by      
danc+2 b is susceptible )all ( ! mo/    
elegant collat]al embelli%m5ts ( ta/e1 f
 poetry1 music1 pa9t+1 & ma*9]y4  ,"o ( 

! greate/ & mo/ admir$ in/itutors ( y\?1
 ^: f9e ta/e has be5 all[$ cle> f ! lea/
 t9cture ( p$antry1 ,qu9tilian recomm5ds
 especially ! tal5t ( danc+1 z conducive
 to ! =mation ( orators2 n1 z he v ju/ly
 obs]ves1 t an orator %\ld reta9 any ?+ 
( ! air ( a danc+-ma/]1 9 8 motion or   
ge/ure2 b t ! impression f ! graces ( t 
art %\ld h ins5sibly /oln into 8 mann]1 
& fa%ion$ x to please4  ,ev5 t au/]e    
critic1 ,scalig]1 made ! pr9ciples ( x s
 f> 8 conc]n1 t he 0 able p]sonally to  
satisfy an ,emp]or's curiosity1 z to !  
nature & mean+ ( ! ,pirrhic dance1 by   
execut+ x be=e him4  ,all ?is ,i m5tion 
purely to obviate ! prepossession ( !   
art be+ s frivol\s1 s unwor?y ( !       
att5tion ( ! manly & grave1 z x is      
vulg>ly1 or on a sup]ficial view1       
imag9$4 ,x is n high notions ( x t ,i am
 s weak z to aim at impress+2 all t ,i  
wi% is to give j ones3 x be+ p]haps z   
little eligible1 = want ( consid]ation1 
to see less 9 ?is art ?an x really      
des]ves1 ?an1 f a fond p>tiality = x1 to

 see m ?an !re is 9 x4                  
,a                      ,,treatise      
on !                  ,,art ( ,,danc+4  
,( ! ,,anti5t ,dance4   ,9 mo/ ( !      
nations among ! anti5ts1 danc+ 0 n only 
mu* practis$1 b con/itut$ n ev5 an      
inconsid]able "p ( _! religi\s rites &  
c]emonies4 ,! acc\nts we h ( ! sacr$    
dances1 ( ! ,jews especially1 z well z (
 o!r nations1 evid5tly atte/ x4  ,!     
,greeks1 :o probably took _! fir/ ideas 
( ?is art1 z !y did ( mo/ o!rs1 f       
,egypt1 :]e x 0 9 great e/eem &         
practice1 c>ri$ x up to a v high pit*4  
,!y 7 9 g5]al1 9 _! bodies1 extremely   
well con=m$1 & dispos$ = ?is ex]cise4   
,_m ( !m piqu$ !mselves on rivall+1 9   
excell5ce ( execution1 ! mo/ celebrat$  
ma/]s ( ! art4 ,t maje/ic air1 s natural
 to !m1 :ile !y pres]v$ _! lib]ty1 !    
delicacy ( _! ta/e1 & ! cultivat$       
agility ( _! limbs1 all qualifi$ !m =   
mak+ an agreeable figure 9 ?is k9d (    
ent]ta9m5t4 ,no?+ c\ld be m graceful ?an
 ! motion ( _! arms4 ,!y did n s mu*    

reg>d ! nimbl5ess & cap]+ ) ! legs &    
feet1 on :i* we lay s great a /ress4    
,attitude1 grace1 expression1 7 _!      
pr9cipal object4 ,!y execut$ sc>ce any  
?+ 9 danc+1 )\t special reg>d to t      
expression :i* may be t]m$ ! life & s\l 
( x4  ,_! /eps & motions 7 all di/9ct1  
cle>1 & neat2 proce$+ f a /r5g? s       
suppl$1 z to give _! jo9ts all !        
requisite flexibility & ob$i5ce to      
comm&4  ,!y did n s mu* affect !        
mod]ately comic1 or half s]i\s1 z !y did
 ! great1 ! pomp\s1 or h]oic /ile (     
dance4 ,!y sp>$ = no pa9s nor co/1 t[>ds
 ! p]fection ( _! dances4 ,! figures 7  
exquisite4 ,! lea/ numb] ( ! figur]s 7  
=ty or fifty4 ,_! dresses 7 magnific5t &
 9 ta/e4 ,_! decorations 7 sublime4 ,a  
compet5t skill 9 ! !atrical1 or actor's 
art1 & a great "o 9 t ( danc+1 0        
necess>y = be+ admitt$ into ! numb] (   
figur]s4 ,9 %ort1 e ?+ 0 9 ! highe/     
ord]1 & v fit to prove ! mi/ake ( ^? :o 
imag9e t ! dances are1 9 op]as =        
example1 no m ?an a k9d ( necess>y      

expletive ( ! int]vals ( ! acts1 = !    
repose ( ! s+]s4  ,! ,greeks consid]$   
danc+ 9 ano!r po9t ( light2 all _!      
fe/ivals & games1 :i* 7 9 great] numb]  
?an 9 o!r c\ntries1 7 int]mix$ &        
height5$ ) dances peculi>ly compos$ 9   
honor ( _! deities4 ,f be=e _! alt>s1 & 
f _! places ( wor%ip1 !y 7 soon         
introduc$ ^u _! !atres1 to :i* !y 7     
und\bt$ly a prior inv5tion4 ,! /rophe1  
anti/rophe1 & epode1 7 no?+ b c]ta9     
measures p]=m$ by a *orus ( danc]s1 9   
h>mony ) ! voice2 c]ta9 movem5ts 9 danc+
 correspond5t to ! subject1 :i* 7 all   
along consid]$ z a con/itutive "p ( !   
p]=mance4 ,! danc+ ev5 gov]n$ ! measure 
( ! /anzas2 z ! signification ( ! words 
/rophe & anti/rophe1 pla9ly imports1 !y 
might be prop]ly call$ danc$ himns4 ,!  
tru? is1 t trag$y & com$y1 made also    
orig9ally to be sung1 b :i*1 9 process (
 "t1 ^u tru] pr9ciples ( nature1 came to
 be act$ & declaim$1 7 b sup]-inductions
 to ! *oruses1 ( :i*1 9 trag$y          
especially1 ! tragic-writ]s1 c\ld n well

 get rid1 z be+ "p ( ! religi\s c]emony4
  ,?is solves1 9 a great measure1 !     
seem+ absurdity ( _! int]f]5ce ) !      
subject ( ! drama3 be+ deem$ s          
indisp5sable a "p ( ! p]=mance1 t ! sc5e
 itself 0 h>dly m s3 consequ5tly1 !re 0 
no secret suppos$ to be m violat$ by    
speak+ be=e !m1 ?an be=e ! inanimate    
sc5e itself4 ,b :at 0 at lea/ excusable1
 on ?is foot+1 9 ! anti5ts1 w\ld be an  
unp>donable absurdity 9 ! mod]ns4       
,a!nu1 :o has left u an acc\nt ( _m ( ! 
anti5t dances1 z ! ,mactrismus1 a dance 
entirely = ! female sex1 ! ,molossic1 ! 
,p]sian ,sic9nis1 c4 obs]ves1 t 9 !     
e>lie/ ages ( antiquity1 danc+ 0 e/eem$ 
an ex]cise1 n only n inconsi/5t ) dec5cy
 & gravity1 b practis$ by p]sons ( !    
greate/ wor? & honor4 ,socrates himself1
 le>nt ! art1 :5 he 0 already advanc$ 9 
ye>s4  ,cauti\s z ,i am ( us+ a false   
argum5t1 ,i %\ld say1 t ! mak+ dances a 
"p ( _! religi\s c]emonies1 0 a m>k ( _!
 attribut+ ev5 a degree ( sanctity to   
!m2 b t ,i am aw>e !re 7 _m ?+s t f\nd a

 place 9 _! fe/ivals & games1 :i*1 among
 ^? hea!ns1 7 s f> f hav+ any ?+ ( sacr$
 9 !m1 t !y did n ev5 %[ a respect =    
common dec5cy or morality4  ,b z to     
danc+1 x may be presum$1 t t ex]cise 0  
consid]$ z hav+ no?+ intr9sically 9 x1  
contr>y to purity ( mann]s or *a/ity1   
s9ce x made a consid]able "p ( ! wor%ip 
paid to ! presid+ goddess ( t virtue1   
,diana1 9 ! fe/ivals consecrat$ to h]4  
,h] alt> 0 held 9 ! highe/ v5]ation by !
 anti5ts4 ,temples ( ! greate/          
magnific5ce 7 erect$ 9 honor ( ?is      
goddess4 ,:o does n "k ! great ,diana ( 
,ephesus8 ,! assemblies 9 h] temples 7  
solemn1 & at /at$ p]iods4 ,none 7       
admitt$ b virg9s ( ! mo/ spotless "*4   
,!y execut$ dances be=e ! alt>1 9 honor 
( ! deity1 ) a mo/ graceful dec5cy2     
invok+ h] cont9ual inspiration ( pure   
?\ghts1 & h] protection ( _! *a/ity4 ,^?
 ( !m1 :o di/+ui%$ !mselves above ! re/1
 by sup]ior graces ( p]=mance1 receiv$  
rew>ds n only f ! prie/ess ( ,diana1 b f
 _! own p>5ts4 ,nor 7 ! "y m5 b curi\sly

 inquisitive1 z to :o p>ticul>ly excell$
 on ^! occasions4 ,di/9ction 9 ^! dances
 0 a great inc5tive to love1 & produc$  
_m happy unions4  ,su* ( ^! virg9s z    
m>ri$1 reta9$1 9 quality ( wives1 su* a 
v5]ation = ?is sort ( wor%ip1 t !y =m$  
an assembly ( matrons1 :o on set days1  
p]=m$ mu* ! same devotion1 implor+1 9   
conc]t1 ( ! goddess1 a cont9uance ( h]  
gifts1 & ( t _s ( purity1 ! fitte/ to   
make !m edify+ examples ( conjugal love 
& mat]nal t5d]ness4  ,innoc5t amusem5ts 
hav+ be5 ev] reput$ all[able1 & ev5     
necess>y exp$i5ts = relax+ bo? m9d &    
body f ! fatigue ( s]i\s or robu/       
occupations1 ,diana _h h] temples1      
especially 9 c\ntries prop] = hunt+1 :]e
 ! p>5ts us$ to resort ) _! *ildr51 &   
enc\rag$ !m to p>take ( ! div]sions 9   
:i* danc+ _h a pr9cipal %>e4  ,! anti5ts
 h left u an unacc\ntable description ( 
! ,bac*analians1 ^: deportm5t =ms a     
/rik+ contra/ to ! dec5t regul>ity      
obs]v$ 9 ! wor%ip ( ,diana4 ,!          
,bac*analians /roll$ ! c\ntry1 &1 9 !   

c\rse ( t vagabond s*eme1 erect$        
tempor>y huts1 _! resid5ce be+ always   
%ort :]ev] !y came4 ,9 _! intoxication  
!y seem$ to defy all dec5cy & ord]2     
affect+ noise1 & a k9d ( tumultu\s1     
boi/]\s joy1 9 :i* !re c\ld nev] be any 
true pleasure or h>mony4 ,!y 71 9 !     
lic5ti\sness ( _! mann]s1 a nuisance to 
society2 :i* !y sc&aliz$ & di/urb$ by _!
 riots1 _! mad frolics1 & ev5 by _!     
qu>rels4 ,_! heads & wai/s 7 b\nd ) ivy1
 & 9 _! h&s !y br&i%$ a ?irsus1 or k9d (
 lance1 g>ni%$ ) v9e-leaves4 ,:5 by any 
f\lness ( wea!r !y 7 driv5 into _! huts1
 !y pass$ _! "t 9 a k9d ( noisy m]rim5t1
 ( %\t+s & di?irambic cat*es1 accompani$
 by timpanums1 by cymbals1 by si/rums1 &
 o!r in/rum5ts1 9 :i* noise 0 m consult$
 ?an music1 & correspond$ to ! sort ( "t
 !y kept to !m1 9 ! frantic agitations (
 _! ,bac*ic en?usiasm4 ,! ,corybantes 7 
call$ s f _! disord]ly danc+ z !y w5t   
along4  ,! ,pirrhic dance diff]s n mu* f
 ,plato's milit>y dance4 ,! inv5tion ( x
 is mo/ g5]ally attribut$ to ,pirrhus1  

son ( ,a*illes2 at lea/ ?is op9ion is   
c\nt5anc$ by ,lucian1 9 8 treatise ^u   
danc+2 ?\gh x is mo/ probably d]iv$ f ! 
,memphitic dance ( ,egypt4 ,! mann] ( x 
0 to dance arm$ to ! s\nd ( in/rum5ts4  
,x5ophon takes notice ( ^! dances 9     
arm\r1 especially among ! ,?racians1 :o 
7 s w>like a p4 ,9 _! dance to music1 !y
 exhibit$ ! imitation ( a battle4 ,!y   
execut$ v>i\s evolutions2 !y seem$ to   
w\nd ea* o!r mortally1 "s fall+ d[n z if
 !y _h receiv$ _! dea?-w\nd2 :ile ^? :o 
_h giv5 ! bl[ sung to ! song ( triumph1 
call$ ,sitalia1 & !n )drew1 leav+ ! re/ 
to take up _! seem+ dead comrade1 & to  
make prep>ations = 8 mock-fun]al1 9 !   
pantomime /ile ( dance4 ,he has also    
describ$ ! dance ( ! ,magnesians1 9 :i* 
!y repres5t$ _! till+ ! gr\nd1 9 an     
attitude1 & 9 read9ess = def5ce1 aga9/  
expect$ morod]s4 ,!y put !mselves 9 a   
po/ure ( protect+ _! pl\gh1 ) o!r       
motions expressive ( _! resolution &    
c\rage1 all adapt$ to ! s\nd ( ! flute4 
,! morod]s arrive1 prevail1 & b9d !     

husb&m5 to _! pl\gh1 & ?is t]m9ates !   
dance4 ,sometimes ! dance v>ies1 & !    
husb&m5 prevail+1 b9d ! morod]s4  ,!    
same au?or m5tions also ! ,mysians :o   
danc$ 9 arm\r1 & us$ a p>ticul> sort (  
pelt or t>gets1 on :i* !y receiv$ !     
bl[s4 ,9 %ort1 ^! arm$ dances _h diff]5t
 names be/[$ ^u !m1 accord+ to !        
c\ntries 9 :i* !y 7 us$4  ,! ,egyptians 
& ,greeks 7 extravagantly exp5sive 9 _! 
public fe/ivals1 ( :i*1 danc+ always    
con/itut$ a consid]able "p4  ,! ,romans1
 among :om ! m co>se & lic5ti\s dances  
d]iv$ f ! ,hetruscans1 _h at fir/       
prevail$1 came at l5g? to adopt !       
improvem5ts ( ta/e1 & consequ5tly (     
dec5cy & regul>ity2 ! fe/ivals1 ( :i*   
danc+ 0 to compose ! pr9cipal           
ent]ta9m5t1 7 adapt$ to ! season ( !    
ye>4  ,e autumn1 = example1 x 0 a       
con/ant cu/om1 = ^? :o c\ld af=d !      
exp5ce1 to build a magnific5t saloon 9 !
 mid/ ( a delightful g>d54 ,?is         
ball-room 0 decorat$ 9 ! mo/ brilliant  
mann]3 ,at "o end ( ! ball-room /ood a  

/atue ( ,pomona1 surr\nd$ ) a great     
numb] ( baskets made 9 ! neate/ mann]1 &
 full ( all ! f9e/ fruits t ! season    
produc$4 ,^!1 ) ! /atue1 7 plac$ "u a   
canopy hung r\nd ) clu/]s ( real grapes 
& v9e-leaves1 s artfully dispos$ z to   
appe> ( ! natural gr[?4 ,^! s]v$ to     
refre% bo? ! eye & m\?4 ,! p]=m]s ( !   
ball w5t up to ?is "p ( ! saloon1 9     
c\ples1 processionally1 to avoid        
confusion4 ,ea* y\? took c>e to help 8  
p>tn] to :at %e lik$ be/1 & !n return$1 
9 ! same regul> mann]1 to ! o!r end ( ! 
room1 :5 !y s]v$ :at rema9$ to ! re/ ( !
 spectators4 ,aft] :i* ! ball imm$iately
 began4  ,i 0 %[n1 by an ,italian pa9t]1
 a curi\s picture 9 8 possession1 ( !   
anti5ts celebrat+ "o ( ?is k9d (        
fe/ivals4 ,! attitudes into :i* !       
figures 7 put1 & :i* appe>$ to h be5    
drawn = ! conclusion ( ! ball1 7        
beautiful beyond imag9ation4  ,9 w9t]   
!re 7 balls 9 ! city ( ,rome2 = :i* !   
appropriat$ ap>tm5ts 7 commodi\s2 & :]e 
! illum9ations 7 s great1 t not)/&+ !   

usual rigor ( t season1 ! room 0        
suffici5tly w>m4  ,r\nd ! room !re 7    
tables & /&s1 on :i* 0 plac$ ! des]t2 & 
!re 7 g5]ally twelve p]sons *os5 to     
di/ribute ! refre%m5ts1 & d ! honors ( !
 ball4 ,! :ole 0 conduct$ ) ! utmo/     
dec5cy & regul>ity1 :ile ,rome pres]v$  
h] respect = virtue & innoc5ce ( mann]s4
  ,by ! be/ acc\nts procurable1 _! s]i\s
 dances 7 prop]ly int]sp]s$ & inliv5$ ) 
comic movem5ts4 ,_! fir/ /eps 7 solemn &
 maje/ic1 &1 by c\ples !y turn$ "u ea*  
o!r's arms2 & :5 ! :ole ?us turn$       
toge!r1 !y c\ld n b af=d a pleas+ sight4
 ,aft] :i* !y resum$ ! s]i\s aga91 & s  
proce$$ alt]nately till !y conclud$ !   
dance4  ,9 ! spr+1 ! c\ntry became      
naturally ! sc5e ( _! dances4 ,! be/    
companies resort$1 especially to su*    
villages z 7 not$ = ! mo/ pure &        
salubri\s spr+s ( wat]4 ,if ! wea!r 0   
mild1 !y danc$ ^u an op5 gre52 if n1 !y 
=m$ a l>ge cov]$ pavilion1 9 ! middle ( 
:i* !y plac$ ! /atue ( ,flora1 ornam5t$ 
) fl[]s1 r\nd :i* !y p]=m$ _! dances4   

,fir/ ! y\?1 !n ^? ( rip] ye>s2 & la/ly1
 ^? ( a m advanc$ age4 ,aft] ea* ( ^!   
divisions _h danc$ sep>ately1 !y all    
jo9$ & =m$ "o great circle4 ,! mo/      
di/+ui%$ = excell5ce 9 ! p]=m+ ^!       
dances1 _h = rew>d ! privilege ( tak+ a 
fl[]1 ) great solemnity1 f ! /atue ( !  
goddess4 ,?is 0 e/eem$ s high an honor1 
t x is sc>ce imag9able h[ great an      
emulation ?is inspir$2 z ?is privilege 0
 to be obta9$ by ! imp>tial det]m9ation 
( ! be/ judges4  ,summ] 0 h[ev] ! season
 9 :i* ! pleasure ( danc+ 0 c>ri$ to !  
highe/ pit*4 ,= ! sc5e ( x1 !y *ose a   
%ady & delightful "p ( a wood1 :]e !    
sun%9e c\ld n incommode !m1 & :]e c>e 0 
tak5 to cle> ! gr\nd und]foot1 = _!     
p]=mance4 ,a "y lady ( ! mo/ em95ce =   
rank & beauty 0 *os5 to p]sonate !      
goddess ,c]es4 ,h] dress 0 ( an         
exquisite ta/e1 ornam5t$ ) tufts ( gold1
 9 imitation ( :eat-%eaves3 :ile h] head
 0 deck$ ) a k9d ( cr[n compos$ (       
spangles1 repres5t+ ! e>s ( ripe corn1 &
 p]haps1 = ! great] simplicity1 ( !     

natural gra9 itself4 ,^? :o danc$ r\nd  
h]1 all wore wrea?s ( ! *oice/ fl[]s1 & 
7 dress$ 9 :ite1 ) _! hair fl[+ loose1 9
 ! /ile ( wood-nimphs4 ,on ?is occasion1
 !re 0 always a great cr\d ( spectators2
 & ! joy t appe>$ 9 ea* p>5t's eye1 :5  
_! daught]s 7 applaud$1 made no small "p
 ( ! ent]ta9m5t4 ,z g>l&s1 & wrea?s (   
fl[]s compos$ ! pr9cipal ornam5t ( !    
p]sons :o p]=m$ 9 ?is dance1 su* a      
respect 0 _h = x by ! p 9 g5]al1 t !y   
ab/a9$ f ga!r+ any fl[]s1 till aft] ?is 
fe/ival 0 ov]4  ,i h myself se5 a draw+ 
( ?is rural dance1 9 :i* ,i c\nt$ no    
less ?an sixty p]=m]s4  ,! celebrat$    
,pilades is m5tion$ to h be5 ! great    
improv] ( ?is dance4 ,he exclud$ f x all
 jump+ or cap]+1 = fe> ( violat+ or (   
disfigur+ ! graceful regul>ity ( ! :ole1
 :i* he consid]$ z ! mo/ ess5tial t[>ds 
pres]v+ a pleas+ effect4  ,n less ?an   
two mon?s 7 ! usual "t ( prep>ation =   
?is dance1 to :i* !re 0 always a        
conflu5ce ( p]sons f all ! neighb\r+    
p>ts4 ,b none 7 all[$ ! lib]ty ( danc+1 

except p]sons ( ! fir/ rank & di/9ction 
9 ! c\ntry2 ! :ole be+ regulat$ by "s   
p]son act+ 9 quality ( *oragus1 or      
director ( ! dance4  ,! reign ( ,augu/us
 ,cs> 0 und\bt$ly ! epo*1 ( ! e/abli%m5t
 9 ,rome1 ( ! art ( danc+ 9 its greate/ 
spl5dor4 ,cahusac1 an +5i\s ,fr5* au?or1
 9 8 hi/orical treatise ( ?is art1      
assigns to t emp]or a deep political    
design 9 giv+ x s great an enc\ragem5t z
 he und\bt$ly did2 t ( div]t+ ! ,romans 
f s]i\s ?\ghts on ! loss ( _! lib]ty2   
especially 9 fom5t+ a diss5tion among   
!m1 ab\t s frivol\s an object z !       
competition betwe5 ^? two celebrat$     
danc]s1 ,pilades & ,ba?illus4 ,t some?+ 
( ?is sort might be ! design ( t emp]or1
 is n to be d\bt$2 b ,cahusac1          
ov]-heat$1 p]haps1 by 8 subject1        
exag]ates ! importance ( x beyond !     
b\nds ( cool reason4 ,s mu* h[ev] is    
true1 t ^? two danc]s 7 extremely em95t 
9 _! art1 & may be e/eem$ ! f\nd]s ( t  
!atrical danc+1 or pantomime execution1 
= :i* x is n suffici5t to be only a good

 danc]1 b !re is also requir$ ! be+ a   
good actor2 9 bo? :i* lights1 ^! two    
arti/s 7 all[$ to excel1 ,pilades 9 !   
s]i\s or tragic dance1 ,ba?illus 9 !    
comic4  ,^! also f\nd$ a k9d ( academies
 ( danc+1 :i* produc$ sev]al em95t      
arti/s1 b none t ev] equall$ !mselves 9 
p]=mance or reputation4 ,:at hi/ory     
records ( !m1 & ( _! p[]s1 z well z ( t 
!atrical pantomime dance1 ( :i* !y 7 !  
introductors1 9 ,rome1 w\ld exce$       
belief1 if x 0 n atte/$ by su* a numb] (
 au?ors z leave no room to ?9k x an     
imposition4  ,b z to danc+ itself1 ei!r 
consid]$ 9 a religi\s1 or 9 only an     
amusive light1 x may be pron\nc$ to h   
be5 among ! ,romans1 z old z ,rome      
itself1 & l t rude 9 its beg9n+s1 b to h
 receiv$ gradual improvem5t1 z fa/ z !  
o!r arts & sci5ces ga9$ gr\nd4          
,processional dances 7 also mu* 9 vogue 
among t p4 ,!y _h especially an         
anniv]s>y c]emony or procession1 call$1 
f its pre-em95ce1 s+ly1 ,,pompa1 or !   
,pomp4  ,x 0 celebrat$1 9 commemoration 

( a victory obta9$ ov] ! ,latians1 !    
news ( :i* 0 said to h be5 br\ght by    
,ca/or & ,pollux1 9 p]son4 ,?is fe/ival1
 01 at fir/1 consecrat$ to ,jupit]1     
,juno1 & ,m9]va4 ,b x 0 aft]w>ds made m 
g5]al1 & celebrat$ 9 honor ( all !      
,gods4 ,?is procession 0 9 ! mon? (     
,septemb]4 ,x began at ! temple (       
,jupit] ,capitol9us1 proce$$ to ! ,=um  
,romanum1 f !nce to ! ,velabrum1 &      
aft]w>ds to ! ,gr& ,circus4 ,y h 9      
,onuphrius ,panv9ius1 ! ord] ( ?is      
procession at l>ge1 ( :i* ! directors 7 
! *ief magi/rates ( ! city3 ! sons ( !  
nobility lead+ ! van4 ,^? ( ! ,eque/rian
 ord]1 ^: fa!rs 7 wor? a hundr$ & fifty 
?\s& se/]ces1 foll[$ on horseback4 ,x   
w\ld be "h =eign f my purpose to give ! 
:ole description ( ?is procession1 & (  
^? :o compos$ x4 ,x is suffici5t to     
obs]ve1 t processional danc+ con/itut$ a
 consid]able "p ( x4 ,! ,pirrhic dance1 
execut$ to a m>tial air1 call$ !        
,proceleumaticus1 employ$ ! m5 ( arms4  
,^! 7 foll[$ by p]sons :o danc$ & leap$1

 9 ! mann] ( ,satirs1 "s ( !m 9 ! dress 
ascrib$ to ,sil5us1 att5d$ by p]=m]s on 
in/rum5ts adapt$ to t "* ( dance4 ,^!   
made ! comic "p ( ! procession1 & !     
p]sons repres5t+ ,satirs1 took c>e to   
div]t ! p by leaps1 by a display (      
agility1 & by odd unc\? attitudes1 su* z
 7 9 ! "* !y _h assum$4 ,!re 7 also 9   
ano!r "p ( ! procession twelve ,salii1  
or prie/s ( ,m>s1 s call$ f _! mak+     
sacr$ dances 9 honor ( t ,god1 ! mo/    
consid]able "p ( _! wor%ip2 ^! 7 head$  
by _! ma/] or ,prsul1 ! lead] ( ! dance1
 a t]m aft]w>ds assum$ by ! ,*ri/ian    
,prelates4 ,!re 7 also ! ,salian virg9s1
 besides ano!r division ( ! ,salii call$
 ,agon5ses or ,coll9i4  ,nor is !       
processional danc+ any ?+ surpriz+2     
conc]n+ t among ! hea!ns1 & ev5 among ! 
,hebrews1 !y 7 greatly 9 use4 ,:o does n
 "k t ,david's danc+ be=e ! ar* 0 b 9   
consequ5ce ( its be+ "o ( ! religi\s    
c]emonies on t occasion8  ,! hea!ns us$ 
especially to =m dances be=e _! alt>s1 &
 r\nd ! /atues ( _! gods4 ,! ,salii1 or 

prie/s ( ,m>s1 ^: dances 7 s fram$ z to 
give an idea ( milit>y ex]cise &        
activity1 ?rew into _! p]=mance /eps s  
expressive & maje/ic1 z n only to def5d 
_! motions & ge/ures f any idea ( levity
 & burlesque1 :i* x is s natural = !    
mod]ns to associate ) t ( danc+1 b ev5  
to inspire ! behold]s ) respect & a     
religi\s awe4 ,! prie/s *os5 = ?is      
function1 7 always p]sons ( ! noble/    
aspect1 suitable to ! dignity ( !       
sac]dotal m9i/ry4 ,& s little ne$s t    
dignity ( ! hea!n m9i/ry be ?\ght to be 
w\nd$ or violat$ by ! act ( danc+1 9    
religi\s wor%ip1 t dances 7 actually 9  
use among ! primitive ,*ri/ians1 9 _!   
religi\s assemblies4 ,!re 0 a place 9 _!
 *ur*es1 especially allott$ = ^!        
consecrat$ dances1 ^u solemn fe/ivals1  
:i* ev5 gave ! "n ( *oir to ^? p>ts ( ! 
*ur* n[ only appropriat$ to ! read+ ( ! 
div9e s]vice1 & to s++4 ,9 ,spa91 x long
 rema9$ an e/abli%$ cu/om = ,*ri/ians to
 assemble 9 ! *ur*-por*es1 :]e1 9 honor 
( ,god1 !y sang sacr$ himns1 & to !     

tunes ( !m1 p]=m$ dances1 t 7 extremely 
pleas+1 = ! dec5t & beautiful simplicity
 ( ! execution4 ,all :i* ,i m5tion      
purely to salve t inconsi/5ce1 ( !      
levity ( danc+ ) ! gravity ( div9e      
wor%ip4 ,an inconsi/5ce ( :i* ! anti5ts 
_h no idea2 s9ce1 on t occasion1 !y     
almo/ con/antly jo9$ danc+ to s++4  ,!y 
are bo? natural expressions ( joy &     
fe/ivity2 & z su* !y ?\ght nei!r ( !m   
improp] 9 an address ( gratulation to ! 
deity1 :om !y suppos$ r pleas$ at su*   
innoc5t oblations ( ! he>t1 exult+ 9 8  
manifold b\nties & bless+s4  ,f be=e !  
alt>1 among ! hea!ns1 ! admission (     
dances ^u ! !atre1 0 r an ext5sion ( _! 
p[] to ent]ta91 ?an a total *ange ( _!  
de/9ation2 s9ce ! !atres !mselves 7     
d$icat$ to ! wor%ip ( ! hea!n deities1 (
 :i* _! mak+ a "p 0 "o ( ! pr9cipal     
objections ( ! primitive ,*ri/ians to ! 
!atres !mselves4 ,h[ev]1 x 0 f ! !atres 
t danc+ receiv$ its great & capital     
improvem5t4  ,z an ex]cise1 ! virtue (  
danc+ 0 well kn[n to ! anti5ts1 = its   

keep+ up ! /r5g? & agility ( ! human    
body4 ,!re is a rem>k :i* ,i submit to !
 consid]ation ( ! read]1 t x is n       
impossible b t ! anti5t ,romans1 :o 71  
g5]ally speak+1 l[ 9 /ature1 & yet 7    
em95tly /rong1 ow$ t advantage to _!    
cultivation ( bodily ex]cise4 ,?is kept 
_! limbs supple1 & r5d]$ _! con/itution 
/\t & h>dy4 ,n[1 v labori\s ex]cises    
w\ld r we> out ! ma*9e ?an !y w\ld      
invigorate x1 if !re 0 n a due          
relaxation1 :i* %\ld n1 h[ev]1 be too   
abrupt a transition f ! mo/ fatigu+     
ex]cises to a /ate ( absolute re/4      
,:]eas t danc+1 ( :i* !y 7 s fond1 af=d$
 !m1 n only a pleas+ employ ( vacant    
h\rs1 b1 )all1 9 its keep+ up !         
pliability ( _! limbs1 made !m f9d m    
ease 9 ! application ( !mselves to m    
a?letic1 or to m viol5t ex]cises1 ei!r (
 w> or ( ! *ace3 :ile all toge!r br$ t  
firmness ( _! muscles1 t robu/          
compactness & vigor ( body1 :i* enabl$  
!m to at*ieve t milit>y valor1 to :i* !y
 ow$ all _! conque/s & _! glory4  ,c]ta9

 x is !n1 t among ! ,romans1 ev5 9 ! mo/
 m>tial days ( t republic1 ! art ( danc+
 0 taught1 z "o ( ! po9ts ( accompli%m5t
 necess>y to ! education ( y\?2 & 0 ev5 
practis$ among ! ex]cises ( ! ,circus4  
,i ne$ n obs]ve1 t !re 7 also v>i\s     
abuses ( danc+1 :i* !y v ju/ly acc\nt$  
di%onorable to ^? :o practis$ !m1 :e!r 9
 public or private4 ,^!1 9 ! deg5]ate   
days ( ,rome1 grew to an enorm\s excess4
 ,b ,i presume no "o w judge ( an art by
 ! abuse t may be made ( x4             
,(                       ,,danc+        
,9 ,g5]al4   ,?is is "o ( ! arts1 9 :i*1
 z 9 all ! re/1 ! /udy ( nature is      
especially to be recomm5d$4 ,%e is an   
un]r+ guide4 ,%e gives t h>mony1 t p[] (
 pleas+ to ! productions ( ^? :o consult
 h]1 :i* su* z neglect h] mu/ nev]      
expect4 ,!y w furni% no?+ b mon/]s &    
discordances2 or1 at ! be/1 b sometimes 
lucky hits1 )\t mean+ or connexion4     
,all ! imitative arts ackn[l$ge ?is     
pr9ciple4  ,9 ,poetry1 a happy *oice ( !
 mo/ prop] words = express+ ! s5tim5ts &

 images drawn f ! obs]vation ( nature1  
con/itutes ! pr9cipal object ( ! poet4  
,9 ,pa9t+1 ! disposition ( ! subject1 ! 
resemblance ( ! color+ to t ( ! orig9al1
 9 %ort ! greate/ possible adh]5ce to   
nature1 is ! m]it ( t art4  ,9 ,music1 t
 expression ( ! passions :i* %\ld raise 
! same 9 ! he>]1 :e!r ( joy1 affliction1
 t5d]ness1 or pity1 c nev] h its effect 
)\t m>k+ & adopt+ ! respective s\nds (  
ea* passion z !y are furni%$ by nature4 
,9 ,danc+1 ! attitudes1 ge/ures1 &      
motions d]ive also _! pr9ciple f nature1
 :e!r !y c>act]ise joy1 rage1 or        
affection1 9 ! bodily expression        
respectively appropriat$ to ! diff]5t   
affections ( ! s\l4 ,a consid]ation ?is1
 :i* cle>ly proves ! mi/ake ( ^?1 :o    
imag9e ! art ( danc+ solely conf9$ to ! 
legs1 or ev5 arms2 :]eas ! expression ( 
x %\ld be pantomimically diffus$ ?r\gh !
 :ole body1 ! face especially includ$4  
,monsieur ,cahusac1 9 8 +5i\s treatise  
on ?is art1 has v ju/ly obs]v$1 t bo?   
s++ & danc+ mu/ h exi/$ f ! primeval    

times2 t is to say1 f ! fir/ ( ! exi/5ce
 ( human-k9d itself4    ,obs]ve1 says   
he1 ! t5d] *ildr51 f _! entry   into !  
_w1 to ! mom5t 9 :i* _! reason unfolds  
itself1 & y w see t x is primitive      
nature   h]self1 t manife/s h]self 9 !  
s\nd ( _!1   voice 9 ! features ( _!    
face1 9 _! looks1 9   all _! motions4   
,m>k _! sudd5 pal5ess1 _! quick         
contortions1 _! pi]c+ cries1 :5 _! s\l  
is   affect$ by a s5sation ( pa94       
,obs]ve aga91 _!   engag+ smile1 _!     
sp>kl+ eyes1 _! rapid motions1   :5 x is
 mov$ by a s5tim5t ( pleasure4 ,y w !n  
be cle>ly p]suad$ ( ! pr9ciples ( music 
& danc+   proce$+ f ! beg9n+ ( ! _w d[n 
to u4  ,c]ta9 x is1 t ev5 9 *ildr51 !   
motions & ge/ure1 /rongly pa9t nature2 &
 _! infant9e graces are n unwor?y !     
rem>ks ( an arti/1 :o w be sure to f9d  
excell5ce 9 no way m obta9able ?an by a 
rational /udy ( h]1 :]e %e is ! pure/4  
,! cultivation ( ! natural graces1 & a  
p>ticul> c>e to %un all affectation1 all
 c>icature1 unless 9 comic or grotesque 

dances1 _c be too mu* recomm5d$ to ^? :o
 wi% to make any figure 9 ?is art4 ,x is
 do+ a great inju/ice to x1 to place its
 excell5ce 9 cap]s1 9 brilliant motions 
( ! legs1 or 9 ! execution ( difficult  
/eps1 )\t mean+ or significance1 :i*    
require little m ?an /r5g? & agility4   
,i h already obs]v$1 t ! ,greeks1 :o 7 s
 fam\s = ?is art1 z inde$ = mo/ o!rs1   
:i* is no wond]1 s9ce all ! arts h s    
ackn[l$g$ an aff9ity ) ea* o!r1 /udi$   
especially grace & dignity 9 ! execution
 ( _! dances4 ,t levity ( cap]+1 t      
nimbl5ess ( ! legs1 :i* we s mu* admire1
 held no rank 9 _! op9ion4 ,!y 7        
inconsi/5t ) t cle>ness ( expression1 & 
neatness ( motion1 ( :i* !y pr9cipally  
made a po9t4 ,! great beauty ( movem5ts1
 or /eps1 is1 = e "o ( !m to be di/9ct2 
n huddl$ & runn+ into "o ano!r1 s z t "o
 %\ld beg9 be=e ! prec$5t "o is f9i%$4  
,?is s necess>y avoidance ( puzzl$ or   
ambigu\s motion1 c only be compass$ by  
an att5tion to significance & ju/ness ( 
action4 ,?is simplicity w arise f       

s5sibility1 f be+ actuat$ by feel+s4 ,no
 "o has m ?an "o pr$om9ant actual feel+ 
at a "t2 :5 t is express$ cle>ly1 !     
effect is z sure z x is in/antane\s4 ,! 
movem5t x gives1 nei!r int]f]es ) !     
imm$iately prec$5t1 nor ! imm$iately    
foll[+ "o1 ?\gh x is prep>$ or introduc$
 by ! "o1 & prep>es or introduces ! o!r4
  ,?is ! ,greeks c\ld ! bett]           
effectuate1 f _! pref]5ce ( ! sublime1  
or s]i\s /ile2 :i*1 hav+ s mu* less (   
quickness or rapidity ( execution1 ?an !
 comic dance1 admits ( m att5tion to !  
neat expressiv5ess ( e motion1 ge/ure1  
attitude1 or /ep4  ,z to ! great nicety 
( ! ,greeks1 9 ! ord]+ & dispos+ _!     
dances1 ,i ref] to :at ,i h be=e said1 =
 its be+ to be obs]v$1 h[ mu* at pres5t 
?is art is fall5 %ort ( _! p]fection 9  
x1 & h[ difficult x mu/ be = a compos] (
 dances to produce !m 9 t ma/]ly mann]  
!y 7 us$ to be p]=m$ among ! anti5ts4   
,let 8 tal5t = inv5tion or composition  
be nev] s ri* or f]tile1 x w be         
impossible = him to d x ju/ice 9 !      

display1 unless he is second$ by p]=m]s 
well v]s$ 9 ! art1 & especially exp]t 9 
giv+ ! expression ( _! "p 9 ! dance2 n  
to m5tion ! collat]al aids ( music1     
ma*9]y1 & decoration1 :i* x is s        
requisite to adapt to ! subject4  ,b :]e
 all ^! po9ts s necess>y are duly       
suppli$1 & danc+ is execut$ 9 all its   
brilliancy1 x w\ld be no long] look$ ^u1
 especially at ! ,op]a1 z m]ely an      
expletive betwe5 ! acts1 j to af=d !    
s+]s a little brea?+ "t4 ,! dances might
 recov] _! =m] lu/re1 & give ! public ! 
same pleasure z to ! ,greeks & ,romans1 
:o made ( !m "o ( _! mo/ favorite       
ent]ta9m5ts1 & c>ri$ !m up to ! highe/  
pit* ( ta/e & excell5ce4  ,! ,romans    
seem to h foll[$ ! ,greeks1 9 ?is       
passion = danc+2 & ! !atrical dances1 ^u
 ! pantomime plan1 7 9 ,rome pu%$ to su*
 a degree ( p]fection z is ev5 h>d to   
conceive4 ,:ole trag$ies plaid1 act by  
act1 sc5e by sc5e1 9 pantomime          
expression1 give an idea ( ?is art1 v   
diff]5t f t :i* is at pres5t commonly   

receiv$4  ,e /ep 9 danc+ has its "n &   
value4 ,b n "o %\ld be employ$ 9 a vague
 unmean+ mann]4 ,all ! movem5ts %\ld be 
con=mable to ! expression requir$1 & 9  
h>mony ) "o ano!r4 ,! /eps regul>1 &    
prop]ly v>i$1 ) a graceful suppl5ess 9 !
 limbs1 a c]ta9 /r5g?1 address1 &       
agility2 j positions exhibit$ ) ease1   
delicacy1 & above all1 ) propriety1     
c>act]ise ! ma/]ly danc]1 & 9 _! union1 
give to 8 execution its due beauty4 ,!  
lea/ neglig5ce1 9 any ( ^! po9ts1 is    
imm$iately felt1 & detracts f ! m]it ( !
 p]=mance4 ,e /ep or motion t is n      
natural1 or has any ?+ ( /iffness1      
con/ra9t1 or affectation1 is in/9ctively
 p]ceiv$ by ! spectator4 ,! body mu/    
con/antly pres]ve its prop] position1   
)\t ! lea/ contortion1 well adju/$ to ! 
/eps2 :ile ! motion ( ! arms1 mu/ be    
agreeable to t ( ! legs1 & ! head to be 
9 conc]t ) ! :ole4  ,b 9 ?is obs]vation 
,i pret5d to no m ?an j furni%+ a g5]al 
idea ( ! requisites t[>ds ! execution3 !
 p>ticul>s1 x is impossible1 to give 9  

v]bal description1 or ev5 by *oregraphy 
or dances 9 score4  ,_m :o pret5d to    
und]/& ! art ( danc+1 conf\nd motions ( 
/r5g?1 ) ^? ( agility1 mi/ak+ /r5g? =   
slight1 or slight = /r5g?2 ?o' s diff]5t
 9 _! nature4 ,x is ! spr+ ( ! body1 9  
h>mony ) s5se1 t gives ! great p[] to   
please & surprize4 ,! same x is ) !     
managem5t ( ! arms2 b all ?is requires  
bo? ! !ory ( ! art1 & ! practice ( x4   
,"o w h>dly suffice )\t ! o!r2 :i* makes
 excell5ce 9 x s r>e4  ,! motion ( !    
arms is z ess5tial1 at lea/1 z t ( !    
legs1 = an expressive attitude3 & bo?   
receive _! ju/ness f ! nature ( !       
passions !y are meant to express4 ,!    
passions are ! spr+s :i* mu/ actuate !  
ma*9e1 :ile a close obs]vation ( nature 
furni%es ! art ( giv+ to ^? motions !   
grace ( ease & exp]tness4 ,any ?+ t1 on 
! /age especially1 has ! air ( be+ =c$1 
or improp]1 _c fail ( hav+ a bad effect4
 ,a frivol\s1 affect$ turn ( ! wri/1 is 
surely no grace4  ,"o ( ! mo/ nice &    
difficult po9ts ( ! art ( danc+ is1     

c]ta9ly1 ! managem5t & display ( ! arms2
 ! adapt+ _! motion to ! "* ( ! dance4  
,9 ?is _m are too arbitr>y 9 =m+ rules  
to !mselves1 )\t consult+ nature1 :i*   
w\ld n fail ( sugge/+ to !m ! ju/e/     
movem5ts4 ,= want ( ?is appropriation ( 
ge/ure & attitude1 ! movem5ts fit = "o  
"* are indi/9ctly employ$ 9 !           
repres5tation ( ano!r4 ,& into ?is error
 ^? w be sure to fall1 :o deviate f !   
un]r+ pr9ciples ( nature2 :i* has = e "*
 an appropriate /ra9 ( motion & ge/ure4 
,no?+ !n has a worse effect1 ?an any    
impropriety 9 ! managem5t ( ! arms3 x   
gives to ! eye1 ! same pa9 t discordance
 9 music does to ! e>4  ,!re are "s :o  
move _! arms ) a tol]ably natural grace1
 )\t kn[+ ! true rules ris+ out ( nature
 into art3 b :]e ! advantage ( !ory     
gives yet a great] security1 consequ5tly
 a great] ease & a nobl] fre$om to !    
motions ( ! p]=m]2 ! p]=mance _c b meet 
) full] approbation4 ,& yet x may be z  
bad to %[ too mu* art1 z to h too       
little4 ,! po9t is to employ no m ( art 

?an j :at s]ves to grace nature1 b nev] 
to hide or obscure h]4  ,great is !     
diff]5ce betwe5 ! anti5t & ! mod]n      
dances4 ,! anti5t ones 7 full ( sublime 
simplicity4 ,b t simplicity 0 f> f      
exclud+ ! delicate1 ! graceful1 & ev5 ! 
brilliant4 ,! mod]ns are s accu/om$ to  
^? dances f :i* nature is bani%$1 &     
false ref9em5ts sub/itut$ 9 h] room1 t x
 is to be que/ion$ :e!r !y w\ld reli% ! 
return+ 9 practice to ! pur] pr9ciples (
 ! art4 ,myself kn[+ bett]1 & s5sible t 
! pr9ciples ( nature are ! only true    
ones1 h be5 sometimes =c$ to yield to ! 
torr5t ( fa%ion1 & to adopt 9 practice  
^? flori%+s ( art1 :i* 9 !ory ,i        
despis$2 & ju/ly1 = surely ! pla9e/     
imitation ( nature mu/ be ! gr\nds f :i*
 alone ! p]=mance c be c>ri$ up to any  
degree ( excell5ce4 ,x is ) our art1 z 9
 ar*itecture1 if ! f\ndation is n "r1 ! 
sup]/ructure w be wrong4  ,?is primitive
 s\rce !n mu/ be /udi$1 kn[n1 & well    
att5d$ to2 or we only foll[ ! art       
bl9dly1 & )\t c]ta9ty4 ,!nce ! common   

indiff]5ce ( s _m p]=m]s1 :o m9d no?+ m 
?an a rote ( ! art1 )\t trac+ x to its  
orig91 nature4  ,to succe$1 we mu/ ab&on
 ! false ta/e1 & embrace ! true2 :i* is 
n only ! be/ guide to p]fection2 b :5   
r5d]$ famili>1 by mu* ! mo/ easy & ! mo/
 delightful4 ,x has all ! advantages t  
tru? has ov] fal%ood4  ,! great] !      
simplicity ( /eps 9 a dance1 ! m        
beautiful x is2 & requires ! m att5tion 
9 ! p]=m] to exactness & delicacy2 =    
sl[ness & neatness be+ 9 ! "* (         
simplicity1 af=d ! spectator bo? leisure
 & di/9ctness = 8 exam9ation3 :]eas     
dances ( intricate evolutions1 or quick 
motions1 9 _! confusion & hurry1 all[ no
 cle>ness1 or "t = p>ticul> obs]vation4 
,if ! m]it ( a !atrical danc] 7 to      
consi/1 z _m imag9e1 9 no?+ b 9 !       
motions ( ! legs1 9 cutt+ lively or     
brilliant cap]s1 9 surpriz+ /eps1 9 !   
agility ( ! body1 9 vigor\s spr+s1 9    
vault+1 9 a tol]able managem5t ( ! arms1
 & especially 9 be+ well acqua9t$ ) ^?  
p>ts ( ! /age :]e ! p]spective gives him

 ! greate/ advantage2 ! art ( danc+     
might be1 z x is g5]ally look$ ^u to be1
 an art easily acquir$4 ,:]eas1 = !     
atta9+ to a j p]fection 9 x1 !re are _m 
o!r po9ts requir$1 b none s mu* z !     
close imitation ( beautiful nature2 & t 
especially 9 its greate/ simplicity4    
,nor %\ld x be imag9$ t ! simplicity ,i 
recomm5d1 t5ds to save ! compos] (      
dances any tr\ble ( inv5tion3 on !      
contr>y1 t sort ( simplicity ( execution
 int5d$ to produce1 by means ( its      
adh]5ce to nature1 ! greate/ effect1 w  
co/ him m pa9s1 m ex]tion ( g5ius1 ?an  
^? dances ( :i* ! false brilliants (    
extravagant decoration1 & ( m]e agility 
)\t mean+ or expression1 con/itute !    
m]it4 ,x is ) ! composition ( dances1 z 
) t ( music1 ! pla9e/ & ! mo/ /rik+1 are
 ev] ! mo/ difficult to ! compos]4  ,!  
comic1 or grottesque danc]s1 inde$ are 9
 possession ( a bran* ( ?is art1 9 :i*  
!y are disp5s$ f exhibit+ ! s]i\s or    
pa!tic2 h[ev]1 !y may be o!rwise z well 
acqua9t$ ) ! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( !   

art1 z ! be/ ma/]s4 ,b z _! success     
dep5ds *iefly on awak5+ ! risible       
faculty1 !y commonly *use to ?r[ _! :ole
 p[]s ( execution into ^? motions1      
ge/ures1 grimaces1 & contortions1 :i*   
are fitte/ to give pleasure by ! rais+ a
 laugh4 ,& c]ta9ly ?is has its m]it2 b 9
 no o!r proportion to ! tru? ( ! art1   
:i* consi/s 9 mov+ ! nobl] passions1 ?an
 z f>ce is to trag$y or to g5teel com$y4
 ,!y are 9 ?is art ( danc+1 :at         
,hemskirk & ,t5i]s are 9 t ( pa9t+4  ,! 
pa9t]1 c only 9 8 draught pres5t "o s+le
 unv>i$ attitude 9 ea* p]sonage t he    
pa9ts3 b x is ! duty ( ! danc]1 to give1
 9 8 own p]son1 a succession (          
attitudes1 all l ^? ( ! pa9t]1 tak5 f   
nature4  ,?us a pa9t] :o %\ld pa9t      
,ore/es agitat$ by ! furies1 c only give
 him "o s+le expression ( 8 c\nt5ance & 
po/ure3 b a danc]1 *>g$ ) !             
repres5tation ( t "*1 c1 second$ by a   
well-adapt$ music1 execute a succession 
( motions & attitudes1 t w m /rongly &  
surely ) m livel9ess1 convey ! idea ( t 

"*1 ) all its transports ( fury &       
disord]4  ,x 0 9 ?is light1 t ! anti5ts 
requir$ ! union ( ! actor & ( ! danc] 9 
! same p]son4 ,!y expect$1 on ! !atre   
especially1 dances ( "*1 t %\ld express 
to ! eye ! s5sations ( ! s\l3 )\t :i*1  
!y consid]$ x z no?+ b an art t _h left 
nature beh9d x2 a m]e corpse )\t !      
animat+ _s2 or at ! be/1 c>ry+ ) x a "* 
( falsity or ta/elessness4 ,a ?or\gh    
ma/] ( danc+1 %\ld1 9 e motion ( e limb1
 convey "s mean+2 or r be all expression
 or pantomime1 to 8 v f+]s ends4  ,h[ _m
 requisites mu/ concur to =m an         
accompli%$ possession ( ?is tal5t6 ,x is
 n en\gh t ! head %\ld play on ! %\ld]s 
) all ! grace ( a f9e connection2 nor t 
8 c\nt5ance %\ld be enliv5$ )           
significance & expression2 t 8 eyes %\ld
 give =? ! j language ( ! passions      
belong+ to ! "* he repres5ts2 t 8 %\ld]s
 h ! easy fall !y ought to h2 let ev5 ! 
motions ( 8 arms be true2 let 8 elb[s & 
wri/s h t delicate turn ( :i* ! grace is
 s s5sible2 let ! movem5t ( ! :ole p]son

 be free1 g5teel1 & easy2 let !         
attitudes ( ! b5d+ turn be agreeable2 8 
*e/ be nei!r too full nor too n>r[2 8   
sides clean made1 /rong1 & well turn$2 8
 knees well articulat$1 & supple2 8 legs
 nei!r too l>ge1 nor too small1 b f9ely 
=m$2 8 in/ep furni%$ ) ! /r5g? necess>y 
to execute & ma9ta9 ! spr+s he makes2 8 
feet 9 j proportion to ! support ( !    
:ole frame2 all ^!1 accompani$ ) a      
regul>ity ( motion2 & yet all ^!1 h[ev] 
ess5tial1 con/itute b a small "p ( !    
tal5t4 ,t[>ds ! p]fection ( x1 !re is   
yet m1 mu* m requir$1 9 t s5sibility (  
s\l1 :i* has 9 x s mu* m ( ! gift (     
nature1 ?an ( ! acquisition ( art2 & is 
p]haps 9 ?is1 :at x is 9 mo/ o!r arts & 
sci5ces1 if n g5ius itself1 an          
indisp5sable f\ndation ( g5ius4 ,!re is 
no execut+ well ) ! body1 :at is n duly 
felt by ! s\l3 s5tim5t gives life to !  
execution1 & propriety to ! looks1      
motions & ge/ures4  ,^? :o w\ld make any
 consid]able progress 9 ?is art1 %\ld1  
above all ?+s1 /udy ju/ness ( action4   

,!y _c !re=e too closely att5d to !     
repres5tation ( nature1 ei!r ^u ! /age1 
or 9 life4 ,i _c too (t5 repeat x2 ^? :o
 keep mo/ ! great orig9al1 ,nature1 9   
view1 w ev] be ! greate/ ma/]s ( ?is    
art4  ,z to ! diff]5t *>act]s ( dances1 
!re are1 prop]ly speak+1 f\r divisions (
 ! *>act]s ( dances3 ! s]i\s1 ! half    
s]i\s1 ! comic1 & ! grottesque2 b =     
execut+ any ( !m ) grace1 ! arti/ %\ld  
be well gr\nd$ 9 ! pr9ciples ( ! s]i\s  
dance1 :i* w give him :at may be call$ a
 delicacy ( mann] 9 all ! re/4  ,b z "o 
( ^! divisions may be m adapt$ to !     
humor1 g5ius1 or p[]s ( an arti/1 ?an   
ano!r1 he %\ld1 if he aims at excell5ce1
 exam9e c>efully = :i* x is t he is !   
mo/ fit4  ,aft] det]m9+ :i*1 :atev]     
imp]fections he may h f nature1 he mu/  
set ab\t correct+1 z well z he c1 by    
art4 ,no?+ w h>dly be f\nd impossible = 
him to subdue1 by an un%ak5 resolution1 
& an int5se application4  ,happy inde$  
is t arti/1 9 :om bo? ! requisites (    
nature & art are unit$3 b :]e ! fir/ is 

n grossly defici5t1 x may be supplem5t$ 
by ! second4 ,h[ev] well a beg9n] may be
 qualifi$ = ?is pr(ession by nature1 if 
he does n cultivate ! tal5t duly1 he w  
be surpass$ by ano!r1 inf]ior to him 9  
natural end[m5ts1 b :o %all h tak5 pa9s 
to acquire :at 0 want+ to him1 or to    
improve :]e defici5t4 ,! exp]i5ce ( all 
ages atte/s ?is4  ,! helps ( a lively   
imag9ation1 jo9$ to great & assidu\s    
practice1 c>ry ! art to ! highe/        
p]fection4 ,b practice w give no em95t  
di/9ction )\t /udy4 ,:oev] %all flatt]  
himself ) =m+ himself by practice alone1
 )\t ! true pr9ciples & suffici5t gr\nds
 ( ! art1 c only proce$ ^u a rote (     
tradition1 :i* may appe> infallible to  
him4 ,b ?is adoption ( unexam9$ rules1 &
 ?is plodd+ on 9 a beat5 track1 w nev]  
lead to any ?+ great or em95t4 ,x c>ries
 ) x always some?+ ( ! /iffness ( a     
copy1 )\t any ?+ ( ! graceful boldness (
 orig9ality1 or ( ! /rokes ( g5ius4     
,vanity %\ld nev] mislead a man 9 !     
judgm5t he =ms ( 8 own tal5ts3 mu* less 

%\ld an arti/ resort to ! meanness (    
dep5d+ 9 ! support ( cabals3 x mu/ be ! 
g5]al approbation t mu/ seal 8 pat5t (  
m]it4  ,i h be=e obs]v$ t ! grave or    
s]i\s /ile ( danc+1 is ! great gr\nd-"w 
( ! art4 ,x is also ! mo/ difficult4    
,firmness ( /ep1 a graceful & regul>    
motion ( all ! p>ts1 suppl5ess1 easy    
b5d+s & ris+s1 ! :ole accompani$ ) a    
good air1 & manag$ ) ! greate/ ease (   
exp]tness & dext]ity1 con/itute ! m]it (
 ?is k9d ( danc+4 ,! s\l itself %\ld be 
se5 9 e motion ( ! body1 & express      
some?+ naturally noble1 & ev5 h]oic4 ,e 
/ep %\ld h its beauty4  ,! pa9t] draws1 
or ought to draw 8 copy1 ! actor 8      
action1 & ! /atu>y 8 model1 all f ! tru?
 ( nature4 ,!y are all respectively     
pr(essors ( imitative arts2 & ! danc]   
may well presume to take rank among !m1 
s9ce ! imitation ( nature is n less 8   
duty ?an !irs2 ) ?is diff]5ce1 t !y h "s
 advantages ( :i* ! danc] is de/itute4  
,! ,pa9t] has "t to settle & correct 8  
attitudes1 b ! danc] mu/ be exactly b\nd

 to ! "t ( ! music4 ,! actor has !      
assi/ance ( spee*1 & ! /atu>y has all ! 
"t requisite to model 8 "w4 ,! danc]'s  
effect is n only t ( a mom5t1 b he mu/ e
 mom5t repres5t a succession ( motions &
 attitudes1 adapt$ to 8 "*1 :e!r 8      
subject be h]oic or pa/oral1 or 9 :atev]
 k9d ( danc+ he exhibits himself4 ,he is
 by ! expressiv5ess ( 8 dumb %[ to      
supplem5t ! want ( spee*1 & t )         
cle>ness2 t :atev] he aims at repres5t+ 
may be in/antane\sly appreh5d$ by !     
spectator1 :o mu/ n be p]plex$ ) hamm]+ 
out to himself ! mean+ ( "o /ep1 :ile ! 
danc] %all h already begun ano!r4  ,9 ! 
half-s]i\s /ile we obs]ve vigor1        
lightness1 agility1 brilliant spr+s1 ) a
 /ead9ess & comm& ( ! body4 ,x is ! be/ 
k9d ( danc+ = express+ ! m g5]al        
!atrical subjects4 ,x also pleases m    
g5]ally4  ,! gr& pa!tic ( ! s]i\s /ile (
 danc+ is n :at e "o ent]s into4 ,b all 
are pleas$ ) a brilliant execution1 9 ! 
quick motion ( ! legs1 & ! high spr+s ( 
! body4 ,a pa/oral dance1 repres5t$ 9   

all ! pantomime art1 w be commonly      
pref]r$ to ! m s]i\s /ile1 ?\gh ?is la/ 
requires d\btless ! greate/ excell5ce3 b
 x is an excell5ce ( :i* few b !        
connoisseurs are judges2 :o are r>ely   
num]\s en\gh to enc\rage ! compos] (    
dances to =m !m entirely 9 t /ile4 ,all 
t he c d is to take a great "p ( 8      
attitudes f ! s]i\s /ile1 b to give !m  
ano!r turn & air 9 ! composition2 t he  
may avoid conf\nd+ ! two diff]5t /iles (
 s]i\s & half-s]i\s4 ,= ?is la/1 x is   
impossible to h too mu* agility &       
briskness4  ,! comic danc] is n ti$ up  
to ! same rules or obs]vations z are    
necess>y to ! s]i\s & half s]i\s /iles4 
,he is n s mu* oblig$ to /udy :at may be
 call$ nature 9 high life4 ,! rural     
sports1 & ex]cises2 ! ge/ures ( v>i\s   
me*anics or artific]s w supply him )    
ideas = ! execution ( *>ract]s 9 ?is    
bran*4 ,! m 8 motions1 /eps1 & attitudes
 are tak5 f nature1 ! m !y w be sure to 
please4  ,! comic dance has = object !  
excit+ mir?2 :]eas1 on ! contr>y1 !     

s]i\s /ile aims m at soo?+ & captivat+  
by ! h>mony & ju/ness ( its movem5ts2 by
 ! grace & dignity ( its /eps2 by !     
pa?os ( ! execution4  ,! comic /ile1    
h[ev] its aim may be laught]1 requires  
ta/e1 delicacy1 & inv5tion2 & t ! mir? x
 creates %\ld n ev5 be )\t wit4 ,?is    
dep5ds n only ^u ! execution1 b on !    
*oice ( ! subject4 ,x is n en\gh to     
value oneself ^u a close imitation (    
nature1 if ! subject *os5 = imitation is
 n wor? imitat+1 or improp] to repres5t2
 t is to say1 ei!r trivial1 indiff]5t1  
consequ5tly un9t]e/+2 or disgu/ful &    
unpleas+4 ,! "o tires1 ! o!r %ocks4 ,ev5
 9 ! l[e/ classes ( life1 ! compos] mu/ 
seize only :at is ! fitte/ to give      
satisfaction2 & omit :atev] c excite    
disagreeable ideas4 ,x is f ! animal joy
 ( me*anics or peasants 9 _! cessations 
f labor1 or f _! celebration ( fe/ivals1
 t ! arti/ w select 8 matt] (           
composition2 n f any circum/ances (     
unjoy\s pov]ty or loa?some di/ress4 ,he 
mu/ cull ! fl[]s ( life1 n pres5t !     

roots ) ! soil & dirt /ick+ to !m4  ,ev5
 contra/+ *>act]s1 :i* are s seldom     
attempt$ on ! /age1 9 !atrical dances1  
might n h a bad effect2 :]eas mo/ ( !   
figures 9 !m are simmetrically c\pl$4 ,(
 ! fir/ ,i once saw 9 ,g]many a /rik+   
in/ance2 an in/ance t s]v$ to confirm t 
aff9ity betwe5 ! arts :i* r5d]s !m s    
s]viceable to "o ano!r4  ,pass+ ?r\gh ! 
,electorate ( ,cologne1 ,i obs]v$ a     
numb] ( p]sons ( all ages1 assembl$ on a
 conv5i5t spot1 & dispos$1 9 c\ples1 9  
ord] = danc+2 b s odly pair$ t ! mo/    
ugly old man1 _h = 8 p>tn] ! mo/        
beautiful & y\nge/ girl 9 ! company1    
:ile1 on ! contr>y1 ! mo/ decrepid1     
de=m$ old woman1 0 l$ by ! mo/ h&some & 
vigor\s y\?4 ,inquir+ ! reason ( s      
/range a gr\pe ( figures1 ,i 0 told t x 
0 ! humor ( an em95t pa9t]1 :o 0 prep>+ 
a picture = ! gall]y at ,dusseldorp1 !  
subject ( :i* 0 to be ?is contra/2 & t 9
 ord] to take 8 draught f nature1 he _h 
giv5 a treat to ?is ru/ic company1 9 !  
design ( exhibit+ at "o view1 !         

floridness ( y\? contra/$ to ! weakness 
& infirmities ( old age1 9 a moral      
light1 ( expos+ ! impropriety ( ^?      
mat*es1 9 :i* ! objection ( a disp>ity (
 ye>s %\ld n be duly respect$4  ,i h    
m5tion$ ?is purely to po9t out a new    
res\rce ( inv5tion1 t may ?r[ a pleas+  
v>iety into ! composition ( dances2 &   
save !m f too con/ant a simmetry1 or    
uni=mity1 ei!r ( dress or figure1 9 !   
pair+ ! danc]s3 by :i* ,i am z f> f     
mean+ t t simmetry %\ld be always       
neglect$1 z t x %\ld be always obs]v$4  
,! comic dance1 hav+ !n ! div]sion ( !  
spectator1 9 ! way ( laugh+1 = its      
object1 %\ld pres]ve a mod]ately buffoon
 simplicity1 & ! danc]1 aid$ by a       
natural g5ius1 b especially by ?r[+ z   
mu* nature z possible into 8 execution1 
may promise himself to amuse & please ! 
spectator2 ev5 ?\gh he %\ld n be v deep 
9 ! gr\nds ( 8 art2 provid$ he has a    
good e>1 & "s pretty or brilliant /eps  
to v>y ! dance4 ,! spectators require no
 m4  ,z to ! grotesque /ile ( dance1 !  

effect ( x *iefly dep5ds on ! leaps &   
height ( ! spr+s4 ,!re is m ( bodily    
/r5g? requir$ 9 x ?an ev5 ( agility &   
flight4 ,x is m calculat$ to surprize ! 
eye1 !n to ent]ta9 x4 ,x has some?+ ( ! 
tumbl]'s1 or wire-danc]'s m]it (        
difficulty & dang]1 r ?an ( art4 ,b !   
wor/ ( x is1 t ?is vigor & agility la/  
no long] ?an ! season ( y\?1 or r       
decrease 9 proportion z age advances1 &1
 by ?is means1 leave ^? :o h tru/$      
solely to t vigor & agility depriv$ ( _!
 ess5tial m]it4 ,:]eas su* z %all h jo9$
 to t vigor & agility1 a prop] /udy ( ! 
pr9ciples ( _! art2 t tal5t w /ill rema9
 z a res\rce = !m4 ,commonly ^? danc]s  
:o h f nature em95tly ^? gifts :i*      
enable !m to %9e 9 ! grottesque bran*1 d
 n *use to give !mselves ! tr\ble ( go+ 
to ! bottom ( _! art1 & acquir+ its     
p]fection4 ,cont5t ) _! bodily p[]s1 & )
 ! applause _! p]=mances actually d     
receive f ! public1 !y look no fur!r1 & 
rema9 9 ignorance ( ! re/ ( _! duty4    
,aga9/ ?is dissipation !n1 :i* keeps !m 

always sup]ficial1 !y _c be too mu*1 =  
_! own advantage1 admoni%$4  ,!y w n    
o!rwise get at ! tru? ( _! art1 l him :o
 qualifies himself = mak+ a figure 9 !  
s]i\s1 & half-s]i\s /iles1 :i* also     
contribute to diffuse a grace ov] e o!r 
k9d ( danc+1 h[ev] diff]5t f !m4  ,b    
?\gh ! grotesque may be a c>icature (   
nature1 x is nev] to lose sight ( x4 ,x 
mu/ ev] be> a due relation to ! objects 
( :i* x attempts to exhibit ! imitation1
 h[ev] exag]at$4 ,b 9 ?is x is = g5ius  
to direct ! arti/4 ,& x is v c]ta9 t ?is
 k9d ( danc+1 well execut$1 af=ds to !  
public1 great ent]ta9m5t 9 ! way1 if :at
 may be call$ broad mir?2 especially :]e
 ! figure ( ! grotesque danc]1 8        
ge/ures1 dress1 & ! decorations1 all    
contribute to ! creation ( ! laugh4 ,he 
mu/ also avoid any ?+ /udi$ or affect$ 9
 8 action4 ,e ?+ mu/ appe> z natural z  
possible1 ev5 amid/ ! grimaces1         
contortions1 & extravagancies ( ! "*4   
,(                 ,,sundry             
,,requisites1                        =  

,,p]fection ,,( ,,!                     
,,art                         (         
,,danc+4   ,i h already obs]v$ h[       
necess>y x is t all ! /eps1 9 ! !atrical
 dances1 :i* h imitation = _! object1   
%\ld be intelligible at ! fir/ glance ( 
! eye4 ,?is _c be too mu* inculcat$4 ,! 
passions & mann]s ( mank9d1 h all a     
diff]5t expression1 :i* _c be pres5t$   
too pla91 & too obvi\s4 ,! adju/m5t ( ! 
motions to ! "* mu/ be obs]v$ ?r\gh e   
/ile ( danc+1 ! s]i\s1 ! half-s]i\s1 !  
comic1 & ! grotesque4 ,! v>i\s beauties 
( ^! diff]5t k9ds ( dances1 all c5t] 9 !
 propriety or tru? ( nature4 ,looks1    
movem5ts1 attitudes1 ge/ures1 %\ld 9 !  
danc]1 all h an appropriate mean+2 s    
pla9ly express$ z to be in/antane\sly   
und]/ood by ! spectator1 )\t giv+ him ! 
tr\ble ( unriddl+ !m3 o!rwise1 x is l   
talk+ to !m 9 a =eign language = :i* an 
int]pretor is ne$$4  ,b to give a       
s5tim5t1 a man mu/ h x fir/3 :]e a      
pa!tic s5tim5t is well possess$ ( ! m9d1
 ! expression ( x is diffus$ ov] ! :ole 

body4  ,! !atre %[s to advantage a well 
proportion$ danc]4 ,a tall p]son appe>s 
! m maje/ic on x2 b ^? ( a middl+ /ature
 are m g5]ally fit = e "*2 & may make up
 9 gracefulness :at !y want 9 size4 ,!  
rem>kably tall commonly want ! graces to
 be se5 9 ^? ( ! m g5]al /&>d4  ,a "y   
danc] :o displays a dawn ( g5ius1 _c be 
too mu* exhort$ to deliv] himself up to 
! p[] ( nature2 s t acquir+ a p>ticul>  
mann] ( 8 own1 he may himself proce$ on 
orig9al4 ,if he w\ld hope to arrive at  
any em95ce 9 ! art1 he mu/ break !      
%ackles ( a s]vile imitation1 & pres]ve 
no?+ b ! pr9ciples & gr\nds ( 8 art1 :i*
 w be s f> f fett]+ him1 t !y w assi/ 8 
so>+ ^u ! w+s ( 8 own g5ius4  ,:]e a    
danc] und]takes to repres5t a subject on
 ! !atre1 he mu/ gr\nd 8 plan ( p]=mance
 on ! select+ all ! mo/ prop] situations
 = furni%+ ! mo/ /rik+ly pictures1      
prospects1 & consequ5tly1 produc+ !     
greate/ effect4  ,?is 0 d\btless ! great
 secret ( ,pilades1 ! f\nd]1 at lea/ 9  
,rome1 ( ! pantomime art4 ,x 0 on ?is   

*oice ( situations1 t ! und]/&+ :ole    
pieces1 bo? tragic & comic1 execut$ 9   
dances1 entirely dep5ds4  ,& "h1 ^u     
m5tion+ ! pantomime art1 be x all[$ me  
to def5d x aga9/ ! objections made to x1
 by ^? :o consid] x only "u a p>tial or 
vulg> po9t ( view4  ,if any "o %\ld     
pret5d t ! pantomime art is sup]ior to !
 actor's p[] ( repres5tation 9 trag$y or
 com$y1 or t su* an ent]ta9m5t ( dumb %[
 ought to exclude t ( speak+ *>act]s2   
no?+ c\ld be m ridicul\s or absurd ?an  
su* a proposition4  ,t inde$ w\ld be    
reject+ "o ( ! mo/ noble improvem5ts (  
nature1 9 favor ( an art r calculat$ = !
 relaxation ( ! m9d ?an = ! in/ruction (
 x2 9 :i* x c only claim a subord9ate   
%>e4  ,^? subjects1 :e!r s]i\s or comic1
 :i* are execut$ by dances1 or 9 !      
pantomime /ra91 are *iefly int5d$ = !   
?r[+ a v>iety into !atrical ent]ta9m5ts1
 )\t disput+ any honors ( rank4  ,! v   
same p]son :o %all h at "o "t1 tak5     
pleasure 9 see+ & he>+ ! noble & pa!tic 
s5tim5ts ( trag$y1 or ! ridicule ( human

 follies 9 a good com$y1 f9ely          
repres5t$1 may1 )\t any sort (          
inconsi/5ce1 n be displeas$ at see+1 at 
ano!r "t1 a subject execut$ 9 dances1   
:ile ! music1 ! decorations1 all        
contribute to ! happy div]sification ( 8
 ent]ta9m5t4 ,ought he !re=e ei!r to    
call 8 own ta/e to an acc\nt = 8 be+    
pleas$1 or to grudge to o!rs a pleasure1
 :i* nature itself ju/ifies1 9 8 hav+   
giv5 to mank9d a love ( v>iety8  ,nor is
 !re p]haps1 9 ! _w1 an art m ! g5u9e   
(fspr+ ( ,nature1 m "u h] imm$iate      
comm&1 ?an ! art ( danc+4 ,= to say no?+
 ( t danc+1 :i* has no relation to !    
!atre1 & :i* is h] pr9cipal             
demon/rations ( joy & fe/ivity1 !       
!atrical bran* ackn[l$ges h] = its great
 & capital guide4 ,all ! motions1 all ! 
ge/ures1 all ! attitudes1 all ! looks1 c
 h no m]it1 b 9 _! fai?ful imitation (  
,nature3 :ile man himself1 man1 ! noble/
 ( h] productions1 is ev] ! subject :i* 
! danc] pa9ts ?r\gh all 8 passions &    
mann]s4  ,! pa9t] pres5ts man 9 "o fix$ 

attitude1 ) no m ( life ?an ! draught & 
colors c give to 8 figure3 ! danc]      
exhibits him 9 a succession ( attitudes1
 &1 in/ead ( pa9t+ ) ! bru%1 pa9ts1     
surely m to ! life1 ) 8 own p]son4 ,a   
dance 9 action1 is n only a mov+        
picture1 b an animat$ "o3 :ile to !     
eloqu5ce ( ! tongue1 x sub/itutes t ( ! 
:ole body4  ,! art1 view$ 9 ?is light1  
%[s h[ comp>atively little ! m]ely      
me*anical "p ( x1 ! agility ( ! legs &  
body1 contributes to ! accompli%m5t ( ! 
danc]2 h[ev] necess>y t also is4 ,we    
might soon =m a danc]1 if ! art consi/$ 
only 9 8 be+ taught to %ake 8 legs 9    
cad5ce1 to ballance 8 body1 or to move 8
 arms unmean+ly4 ,b if he has n a g5ius1
 susceptible ( cultivation1 & :i* is    
itself f> ! mo/ ess5tial gift1 he w make
 no progress t[>ds ! desirable          
di/9ction3 he is a body )\t a s\l3 8    
p]=mance w h m ( ! poppet mov$ by wires1
 ?an ( ! actor giv+ t life to ! "*1 :i* 
himself receives f ! s5sibility ( g5ius4
  ,!re are _m "y beg9n]s1 :o1 look+ on  

?is art z a good way ( livelihood1 ent] 
on ! rudim5ts ( x1 ) great ardor4 ,b ?is
 ardor soon abates1 9 proportion1 z !y  
advance1 & f9d !re is m /udy & pa9s     
requir$ f !m ?an !y expect$ to f9d1     
t[>ds _! arrival at any tol]able degree 
( p]fection4 ,hav+ consid]$ ?is art z   
purely a me*anical "o1 !y are surpris$  
at ! discov]y ( its exact+ ?\ght &      
reflection1 = :i* _! ideas ( x _h n     
prep>$ !m4 ,a man :o has n suffici5t %>e
 ( g5ius to attempt ! vanqui%+ ^!       
difficulties1 ( :i*1 9 8 false          
conception ( ?+s1 he has =m$ to himself 
no notion2 ei!r treats ^! great         
ess5tials ( ! art1 z innovations1 & su* 
z he is n b\nd to admit1 or 9 ! despair 
( acquir+ !m1 sits d[n cont5t$ ) 8      
m$iocrity4 ,x is well if he does n rail 
at1 or attempt to turn into ridicule1   
p]fections :i* are beyond 8 rea*4 ,& to 
say ! tru?1 ! art has n great] enemies  
?an ^? pr(essors ( x1 :o /ick at !      
surface1 & want ! _s necess>y to g to ! 
bottom ( x4 ,9 va9 does ! public refuse 

its applause to _! indiff]5t1 ord9>y1   
un9t]e/+ p]=mance3 r ?an all[ ! fault to
 be 9 !mselves1 _! vanity w lay x on !  
public3 !y nev] refuse !mselves t       
approbation :i* o!rs c see no reason =  
be/[+ on !m4 ,!y are p]fectly satisfi$ )
 hav+ execut$ 9 _! little mann]1 !      
little !y "k or are capable (2 !y h no  
idea ( any ?+ beyond _! %ort rea*4      
,c]ta9ly ! be/ season ( life1 = ! /udy (
 ?is art1 is1 z = t ( mo/ o!rs1 = obvi\s
 reasons1 ! "t ( "o's y\?4 ,x is ! be/  
"t ( lay+ ! f\ndation bo? ( !ory &      
practice4  ,b ! !ory %\ld especially be 
att5d$ to1 )\t h[ev] neglect+ !         
practice4 ,= ?\gh a danc]1 by an        
assidu\s practice1 may1 at ! fir/       
unexam9+ glance1 appe> z well 9 ! eyes (
 ! public1 z he :o possesses ! rules2 ! 
illusion w n be la/+2 x w soon be       
dissipat$1 especially :]e !re is pres5t 
an object ( comp>ison4 ,he ^: motions   
are dirrect$ only by rote & cu/om1 w    
soon be discov]$ ess5tially inf]ior to  
him ^: practice is gov]n$ by a k ( !    

pr9ciples ( 8 art4  ,a ma/] does n d 8  
duty by 8 pupil1 9 ?is art1 if he fails 
( /rongly inculcat+ to him ! necessity (
 /udy+ ^? pr9ciples2 & ( k9dl+ 9 him t  
ardor = atta9+ to excell5ce1 :i* if x is
 n itself g5ius1 x is c]ta9 t no g5ius w
 d mu* )\t x4  ,inv5tion is also z mu* a
 requisite 9 our art z 9 any o!r4 ,b to 
save ! pa9s ( /udy1 we (t5 borr[ & copy 
f "o ano!r4 ,indol5ce is ! bane ( our   
art4 ,! tr\ble ( ?9k+ necess>y to !     
inv5tion & composition ( dances1 appe>s 
to _m too great a fatigue3 ?is engages  
!m to appropriate to !mselves ! fruits (
 o!r peoples inv5tion2 & !y appe> to    
!mselves well provid$ at a small exp5ce1
 :5 !y h made free ) ! productions (    
o!rs4 ,"s aga91 in/ead ( cultivat+ _!   
tal5t1 *use indol5tly to foll[ ! great  
torr5t ( ! fa%ion1 & /ick to ! old      
tracks1 )\t d>+ to /rike out any ?+ new1
 s t _! prejudices are1 9 fact1 !       
pr9ciples by :i* !y are gov]n$1 & :i*   
sometimes s]ves !m = _! excuse2 s9ce !y 
"k bett]1 b d n c>e to give !mselves !  

tr\ble ( act+ up to _! k4 ,?us !y plod 9
 ! safe1 & broad road ( m$iocrity1 b )\t
 any reputation or "n4 ,!y are nei!r    
envi$ nor applaud$4  ,z = ^? :o borr[ f 
o!rs1 cont5t ) be+ copies1 :5 !y ought  
to /rive to be orig9als2 no?+ c m       
ob/ruct _! progress 9 ! discov]ies ( !  
dep?s ( _! art1 ?an ?is s*eme ( subsi/+ 
on ! m]it ( o!rs4  ,_m1 besides ^? :o   
are incapable ( inv5tion1 are tempt$ at 
once by _! indol5ce1 & by ! hope ( n be+
 discov]$ or m9d$ 9 _! borr[+ f o!rs1 to
 give /ale or hackney$ compositions1 :i*
 hav+ se5 9 "o c\ntry1 !y flatt]        
!mselves !y may palm = new & orig9al ^u 
! public 9 ano!r4 ,!nce x is t ! audi5ce
 is cloy$ ) repetitions ( pantomime     
dances2 p]haps "s ( !m v pretty at _!   
fir/ appe>ance1 b :i* _c fail ( tir+ :5 
too (t5 repeat$2 or :5 ! same gr\nds or 
subject ( action is only sup]ficially or
 slightly div]sifi$4  ,x is ?is b>r5ness
 ( inv5tion t ! +5i\s ,goldoni has s    
well expos$ 9 "o ( 8 plays1 9 ! foll[+  
spee*1 address$ to a "y man4    99 ,=   

example1 y1 z ! female danc] w come ^u  
! /age1 ) a di/aff1 twirl+ x1 or ) a    
pail to   draw wat]2 or ) a spade =     
digg+4 ,y\r companion w   come next     
p]haps driv+ a :eel-b>r[1 or ) a sickle 
to m[ corn1 or ) a pipe a-smoak+2 & ?\gh
 ! sc5e   %\ld be a saloon1 no matt]1 x 
w come soon to be   fill$ ) ru/ics or   
sailors4 ,y\r companion to be sure   w n
 h se5 y1 at fir/2 t is ! rule2 ^u   :i*
 y w make up to him1 & he w s5d y a     
pack+4 ,y w tap him on ! %\ld] ) "o h&1 
& he w give a spr+ f y to ! o!r side ( !
   /age4 ,y w run aft] him2 he1 on 8 "p 
w scamp]   away f y1 & y w take pet at  
x4 ,:5 he sees y   angry1 he w take x   
into 8 head to make peace2 he w   sue to
 y1 & y 9 y\r turn w s5d him ab\t 8     
bus9ess4 ,y w run f him1 & he aft] y4   
,he w   be d[n on 8 knees to y2 peace w 
be made2 !n1   %ak+ y\r footsies1 y w   
invite him to dance4 ,he also   w answ] 
y ) 8 feet1 z mu* z to say1 come1 let   
u dance4    ,!n h&+ y backw>ds to ! top 
( ! /age1 y   w beg9 gaily a            

,pas-de-deux1 or ,duet dance4 ,! fir/   
"p w be lively1 ! second grave2 ! ?ird a
 jig4 ,y   w h tak5 c>e to procure six  
or sev5 ( ! be/   airs = a dance1 put   
toge!r1 t c be imag9$4 ,y   w execute   
all ! /eps t y are mi/ress (2 & let     
y\r "* 9 ! ,pas-de-deux1 be t ( a c\ntry
   w5*1 a g>d5]'s s]vant1 a granadi]'s  
trull1 or a   /atue2 ! /eps w be always 
! same2 & ! same   actions = ev]        
repeat$2 su* z runn+ aft] "o   ano!r1   
dodg+1 cry+1 fall+ 9 a passion1 mak+    
peace   aga91 br++ ! arms ov] ! head1   
jump+ 9 & out   ( "t1 %ak+ legs & arms1 
! head1 ! body1 !   %\ld]s1 & especially
 smirk+ & ogl+ r\nd y2 n   =gett+ g5tle 
inflexions ( ! neck1 z y pass close   "u
 ! lights1 nor to make pretty faces to !
 audi5ce1   & !n1 hey = a f9e curtesy at
 ! end ( ! dance6      ,footnote 993 ,p]
 esempio v5dra =a la ball]9a1 colla     
rocca1 fil&o1  con un sec*io  tr>       
l'acqua1  con una     zappa  zapp>4 ,el 
vo/ro compagno v5dra =a  colla          
c>iola  port> qual*e cosa1  colla falce 

tagli> il     grano1  colla pipa a fum>1
 e si b51 *e la sc5a fosse     una sala1
 tanto e tanto1 se vi5 a f> da contad9i 
da     m>9>i4 ,el vo/ro compagno non vi 
v$ra3 voi &>ete a     c]c>lo1 e el vi   
scacci]a via4 ,gli batt]ete una man su  
la spalla1 ed el con un salto &]        
dall'altra b&a4 ,voi     gli corr]ete   
dietro1 lui se scamp]a1 e voi &]ete 9   
coll]a4 ,qu&o voi s>ete 9 coll]a1 a lui 
le v5dra la     voglia di f> pace1 e lui
 vi pregh]a1 voi lo scacci>ete4         
,scamp>ete via1 e lui vi corr]a dietro4 
,el se     +9oc*i]a1 f>ete pace1 voi1   
m5&o ,i p$9i1     l'invit>ete a ball>3  
an*e ello1 m5&o ,i pi$i1     a segni    
dira1 balliamo1 e tir&ovi indietro      
allegram5te com9ci>ete el ,pas-de-deux4 
,la prima p>te     allegra1 la segonda  
grave1 la t]za una giga4 ,procur>ete    
di cacci>gli d5tro sei o sette delle    
migliori arie di     ballo *e s'abbiano 
s5tito2 f>ete tutti i passi *e          
sapete f>e1 e *e sia il ,pas-de-deux o  
da paesana1 o da     gi>d9]a1 o da      

,granati]a1 o da /atue1 i passi s>anno  
sempre gli i/essi1 corr]se dietro1      
scamp>1 piang]1     &> 9 coll]a1 f>     
pace1 tir> i bracci sopra la te/a1      
salt> 9 tempo e =a di tempo1 m5> gli    
bracci1 e le     gambe1 e la te/a1 e la 
vita1 e le spalle1 e sopra tutto        
rid] sempre col popolo1 e /orc] un      
po*etto il collo     qu&o si passa      
prossimo i lumi1 e f>e delle belle      
smorfie all udi5za1 e una bella riv]5za 
9 ultima4  ,no?+ h[ev] w\ld m ob/ruct ! 
progress ( ?is art1 ?an ?us cont5t+ "o  
self ) adopt+ ! productions ( o!rs4 ,x  
ev5 w\ld1 9 ! disgu/ :i* repetition     
occasions1 br+ on ! decl9e ( ?is        
ent]ta9m5t1 9 ! op9ion ( a public :i* is
 always fond ( novelty4  ,& ( novelty1 !
 beauties ( nature furni% an            
inexhau/ible fund1 9 _! inf9ite v>iety4 
,among ^! x is ! bus9ess ( ! arti/ to   
*use su* z c be br\ght ^u ! sc5e1 &     
!atrically adapt$ to ! execution ( 8    
art4 ,b = ?is he mu/ be possess$ ( ta/e1
 :i* is a qualification z necess>y to   

him1 z a compos]1 z t ( ! graces are to 
him z a p]=m]4 ,bo? are gifts4 ,b if a  
due ex]cise ( ! art c add to ! natural  
graces1 ta/e does n /& less 9 ne$ (     
cultivation3 x ref9es itself by a       
judici\s obs]vation ( ! beauties &      
delicacies ( nature4 ,^! he mu/         
incessantly /udy1 9 ord] to transplant  
into 8 art su* z are capable ( produc+ !
 mo/ pleas+ effect4 ,he mu/ p>ticul>ly  
consult ! fitness ( "t1 place & mann]s2 
o!rwise :at w\ld please 9 "o dance might
 displease 9 ano!r4 ,propriety is !     
great rule ( ?is art1 z ( all o!rs4 ,a  
discordance 9 music hurts a nice e>2 a  
false attitude or motion 9 danc+ equally
 (f5ds ! judici\s eye4  ,! looks ( !    
danc] are f> f insignificant to ! "* he 
is repres5t+4 ,_! expression %\ld be    
/rictly con=mable to 8 subject4 ,! eye  
especially %\ld speak4 ,!nce x is t !   
,italian cu/om ( danc+ ) uncov]$ faces1 
_c b be m advantage\s ?an t ( danc+     
mask$1 z is commonly done 9 ,france2 :5 
! passions c nev] be s well repres5t$ z 

by ! *anges ( expression1 :i* ! danc]   
%\ld ?r[ into 8 c\nt5ance4  ,& x is by  
^! *anges ( c\nt5ance1 z well z (       
attitude & ge/ure1 t ! danc] c express !
 gradations ( ! passions2 :]eas ! pa9t] 
is conf9$ intirely to "o passion1 t ( ! 
p>ticul> mom5t 9 :i* he w h *os5 to draw
 a "*4 ,= example1 a pa9t]1 :o means to 
repres5t a c\ntry-maid1 "u ! influ5ce ( 
! passion ( love1 c only aim at express+
 "s p>ticul> degree ( t passion1        
suitable to ! circum/ances ( ! re/ ( 8  
picture1 or to ! situation 9 :i* he %all
 h plac$ h]4 ,b a danc] may successively
 repres5t all ! gradations ( love2 su* z
 surprize at fir/ sight1 admiration1    
timidity1 p]plexity1 agitation1 languor1
 desire1 ardor1 eag]ness1 impati5ce1    
tumult\s transports1 ) all ! ext]nal    
simptoms ( t passion4 ,all ^! may be    
execut$ 9 ! mo/ lively mann]1 9 "t &    
cad5ce1 to a correspond5t music or      
simphany4 ,& s ( all ! o!r passions1    
:e!r ( fe>1 rev5ge1 joy1 hatr$1 :i* h   
all _! subdivisions expressible1 by !   

quick %ift & succession ( /eps1 ge/ures1
 attitudes1 & looks1 respectively adapt$
 to ea* gradation4  ,a mask !n _c b hide
 a great "p ( ! necess>y expression1 or 
ju/ness ( action4 ,x c only be favorable
 to ^? :o h contract$ ill habits (      
grimac+ or ( contortions ( ! face :ile  
!y p]=m4  ,!re are h[ev] "s *>act]s 9   
:i* a mask is ev5 necess>y3 b !n great  
c>e %\ld be tak5 to model & fit x z     
exactly z possible to ! face1 z well z  
to h x p]fectly natural to ! "*         
repres5t$4 ,! ,fr5* are p>ticul>ly1 & n 
)\t reason1 curi\s 9 ?is po9t4  ,!      
female danc]s h naturally a great] ease 
( expression ?an ! m54 ,m pliable 9 _!  
limbs1 ) m s5sibility 9 ! delicacy ( _! 
frame2 all _! motions & actions are m   
t5d]ly pa!tic1 m int]e/+ ?an 9 our sex4 
,we are besides prepossess$ 9 _! favor1 
& less dispos$ to rem>k or cavil at _!  
faults4 ,:ile on ! o!r h&1 t s natural  
desire !y h ( pleas+1 indep5d5tly ( _!  
pr(ession1 makes !m /udi\sly avoid any  
motion or ge/ure t might be             

disagreeable1 & consequ5tly any         
contortion ( ! face4 ,!y1 in/9ctively   
!n1 "o may say1 make a po9t ( ! mo/     
graceful expression4  ,a woman1 :o %\ld 
only dep5d on ! ex]tion ( /r5g? 9 h]    
legs or limbs1 )\t att5tion to          
expression1 w\ld possess b a v defective
 tal5t4 ,su* an "o might surprize !     
public1 by ! mascul9e vigor ( h] spr+s2 
b %\ld %e attempt to execute a dance1   
:]e t5d] expressions are requisite1 %e  
w\ld c]ta9ly fail ( pleas+4  ,! female  
danc]s h also an advantage ov] ! m51 9 t
 ! petticoat c conceal _m defects 9 _!  
execution2 ev51 if ! indulg5ce due to t 
amiable sex1 did n only make great      
all[ances1 b give to ! lea/ agreeable   
/eps 9 !m1 ! p[] ( obta9+ applause4  ,at
 ! ,italian !atres at ,rome1 9 !        
,c>naval1 :]e ! female danc]s are n     
suff]$ to p]=m ! dances1 & :]e ! p>ts ( 
! wom5 are p]=m'd by m5 9 ! dresses (   
wom51 x appe>s pla9ly1 h[ mu* !         
execution suff]s by ?is exp$i5t4 ,h[ev] 
well !y may be disguis$1 !re is an      

inh]5t clums9ess 9 !m1 :i* x is         
impossible = !m to %ake (f1 s z to      
repres5t ) ju/ness ! sprightly graces & 
delicacy ( ! female sex4 ,! v idea (    
see+ m5 effem9at$ by su* a dress1       
inv9cibly disgu/s4 ,an effem9ate man    
appe>s ev5 worse ?an a mascul9e woman4  
,b h[ev] ! consult+ a look+-glass gives 
to m51 9 g5]al1 ! air ( fops or         
coxcombs2 x is to ^? :o w\ld make a     
figure 9 danc+ a po9t ( necessity4 ,a   
glass is to !m1 :at reflexion is to a   
?9k+ p]son2 x s]ves to make !m acqua9t$ 
) _! defects1 & to correct !m4 ,to      
practice !n be=e x is ev5 recomm5dable1 
t practice w give ! advantage (         
exp]tness1 & exp]tness w give ! grace ( 
ease1 :i* is invaluable2 no?+ be+ su* an
 enemy to ! graces z /iffness or        
affectation4 ,?is is a g5]al rule bo? = 
composition & p]=mance4  ,education has 
d\btless a great %>e 9 giv+ e>ly to !   
body a comm& ( graceful positions1      
especially = ! gr& & s]i\s dances1 :i*1 
z ,i h be=e obs]v$1 are ! pr9cipal      

gr\nds ( ! art4 ,& once m1 ! great po9t 
is n to /ick at m$iocrity2 b to aim at  
an excell5ce 9 ! art1 t may give at lea/
 ! be/ *ance = n be+ conf\nd$ ) ! cr\d4 
,if x is true1 t1 among ! tal5ts1 ^? :i*
 are calculat$ = pleas+1 are n ^? t are 
! lea/ sure ( enc\ragem5t2 x is also    
equally true1 t = any dep5d5ce to be _h 
on !m1 x is some?+ m ?an an ord9>y      
degree ( m]it 9 !m t is requir$4  ,9    
support ( ?is admonition1 ,i am "h      
tempt$ to enliv5 ?is essay ) ! n>rative 
( an adv5ture 9 real life1 t may s]ve to
 break ! too long a l9e ( an attempt at 
in/ruction4  ,a celebrat$ female danc] 9
 ,italy1 design+ to p]=m at a c]ta9     
capital1 wrote to h] correspond5t !re to
 provide h] an ap>tm5t suitable to !    
g5teel figure :i* %e _h always made 9   
life4 ,on h] arrival1 h] acqua9tance    
see+ %e _h br\ght no?+ ) h]1 b h] own   
p]son & two s]vants1 ask$ h] :5 %e      
expect$ h] baggage4 ,%e answ]$1 ) a     
smile1 ,if y w come to-morr[ morn+ &    
breakfa/ ) me1 y1 & :oev] y w br+ ) y1  

%all see x1 & ,i promise y x is wor? y\r
 :ile see+1 be+ a sort ( m]*&ize t is v 
mu* 9 fa%ion4  ,curiosity c>ri$ a numb] 
e>ly to ! r5dezv\s1 :]e1 aft] an elegant
 breakfa/1 %e got up1 & danc$ be=e !m 9 
a mo/ surpriz+ly *>m+ mann]4  ,^!1 said 
%e1 7po9t+ at h] legs17 are all !       
baggage ,i h left2 ! ,alps h swall[$ up 
all ! re/4 ,! tru? 01 %e _h be5 really  
robb$ ( h] baggage 9 h] j\rney1 & !     
m]*&ize on :i* %e n[ dep5d$1 0 h] tal5t 
at danc+4 ,nor 0 %e deceiv$1 = h]       
inimitable p]=mance1 jo9$ to ! vivacity 
) :i* %e bore h] mis=tunes1 9 ! _s ( !  
old ,philosoph]1 :o valu$ himself ^u    
c>ry+ 8 all ab\t him1 made h] _m fri5ds1
 ^: g5]\s compassion soon enabl$ h] to  
appe> 9 h] =m] /ate4  ,z to !           
composition ( dances1 x is impossible = 
a pr(essor ( ?is art1 to make any figure
 )\t a compet5t /ock ( orig9al ideas1   
r$ucible into practice4 ,a dance %\ld be
 a k9d ( regul> dramatic poem to be     
execut$ by danc+1 9 a mann] s cle>1 z to
 give to ! und]/&+ ( ! spectator no     

tr\ble 9 mak+ out ! mean+ ( ! :ole1 or (
 any "p ( x4 ,all ambiguity be+ z great 
a fault ( /ile 9 su* compositions1 z 9  
writ+4 ,x is ev5 h>d] to be repair$2 = a
 false expression 9 ! motions1 ge/ures1 
or looks1 may confuse & bewild] !       
spectator s z t he w n easily recov] !  
clue or ?read ( ! fable int5d$ to be    
repres5t$4  ,cle>ness !n is "o ( !      
pr9cipal po9ts ( m]it :i* ! compos] %\ld
 h 9 view2 if ! effect1 result+ f !     
*oice & disposition ( ! gr\nd-"w ( 8    
drama1 does honor to 8 inv5tiv5ess or   
ta/e2 ! ju/ness1 ) :i* e "* is to be    
p]=m$1 is n less ess5tial to ! success (
 8 production1 :5 c>ri$ into execution4 
,to be well assur$ ( ?is1 x _c b be     
necess>y t ! compos] ( ! dance or       
ballet-ma/]1 %\ld be himself a good     
p]=m]1 or at lea/ und]/& ! gr\nds ( 8   
art4  ,he mu/ also1 9 8 composition1 be 
pre-assur$ ( all ! necess>ies = _!      
complete execution4 ,o!rwise decorations
 ei!r defici5t or n well adapt$2 an     
insuffici5t numb] ( p]=m]s1 or _! be+   

bad ones2 or1 9 %ort1 ! fault ( a       
manag]1 :o1 ?r\gh a misplac$ economy1   
w\ld n all[ ! requisite exp5ces2 all ^!1
 or any ( ^!1 might ru9 ! composition1 &
 ! compos] might1 aft] tak+ all         
imag9able pa9s to please1 f9d 8 labor   
abortive1 & himself condemn$ = :at he   
c\ld n help4 ,!re is no exhibit+ )      
success any ent]ta9m5t ( ?is sort )\t   
hav+ all ! necess>y p]=m]s &            
accompanim5ts4 ,x w be 9 a great measure
 p]fect or imp]fect 9 proportion z !y   
are suppli$ or )held4  ,a good          
ballet-ma/] mu/ especially h reg>d to   
bo? poetical & picturesque inv5tion2 8  
aim be+ to unite bo? ^? arts "u "o      
exhibition4 ,! poetical "p ( !          
composition be+ necess>y to furni% a    
well-compos$ piece t %all beg9 ) a cle> 
exposition1 & proce$ unfold+ itself to !
 conclusion1 9 situations well *os51 &  
well express$4 ,! picturesque "p is also
 highly ess5tial = ! =mation ( ! /eps1  
attitudes1 ge/ures1 looks1 gr\p+ !      
p]=m]s1 & plann+ _! evolutions2 all = ! 

greate/ & ju/e/ effect4  ,he %\ld       
himself be ?or\ghly /ruck ) 8 initial   
idea1 :i* w lead him to ! second1 & s on
 me?odically until ! :ole is conclud$1  
)\t hav+ rec\rse to a me?od ju/ly       
explod$ by ! be/ ma/]s1 t ( *oregraphy  
or not+ dances1 :i* only s]ves to       
ob/ruct & infrigidate ! fire (          
composition4 ,:5 he %all h f9i%$ 8      
composition1 he may !n coolly review x1 
& make :at disposition & arrangem5t ( ! 
p>ts %all appe> ! be/ to him4 ,e        
int]ruption is to be avoid$1 9 ^?       
mom5ts1 :5 ! imag9ation is at its highe/
 pit* ( inv5t+ & project+4 ,!re are few 
arti/s :o h n1 at times1 exp]i5c$ 9     
!mselves a m ?an ord9>y disposition or  
aptitude1 = ?is op]ation ( ! m9d2 & x is
 ^! critical mom5ts1 :i* may o!rwise be 
irretrievable1 !y ought p>ticul>ly to   
improve1 ) z little div]sion f !m z     
possible4 ,!y %\ld pursue a ?\ght1 or a 
h9t ( a ?\ght1 f its fir/ crudity to its
 utmo/ maturity4  ,a man ( true g5ius 9 
any ( ! imitative arts1 & !re is n "o t 

has a ju/] claim to t title ?an ! art ( 
danc+1 s5sible t nature is ! v>i$ &     
abundant spr+ ( all objects ( imitation1
 consid]s h] & all h] effects ) a f>    
diff]5t eye f ^? :o h no int5tion (     
avail+ !mselves ( ! matt] %e furni%es = 
obs]vation4 ,he w discov] ess5tial      
diff]5ces betwe5 objects1 :]e a         
sup]ficial behold] sees no?+ b sam5ess2 
& 9 8 imitation he w s well "k h[ to    
r5d] ^? diff]5ces disc]nible1 t 9 !     
composition ( 8 dance1 ! mo/ trite      
subject w assume ! air ( novelty ) !    
grace ( v>iety4  ,!re is no?+ disgu/s s 
mu* z repetitions ( ! same ?+2 & a      
compos] ( dances w avoid !m z /udi\sly z
 pa9t]s d 9 _! pieces1 or writ]s        
tautology4  ,! public compla9s1 ) great 
reason1 t dances are frequ5tly void (   
action1 :i* is ! fault ( ! p]=m]s n giv+
 !mselves ! tr\ble to /udy j ones3      
satisfi$ ) ! m me*anical "p ( danc+1 !y 
nev] ?9k ( connect+ ! "p ( ! actor ) x1 
:i* h[ev] is indisp5sably necess>y to   
give to _! p]=mance1 _s1 & animation4   

,a dance )\t mean+ is a v insipid bot*4 
,! subject ( ! composition %\ld always  
be /rictly connect$ to ! dances1 s z t  
!y %\ld be 9 equal correspond5ce to "o  
ano!r4 ,&1 :]e a dance is expletively   
introduc$ 9 ! int]vals ( ! acts1 !      
subject ( x %\ld h1 at lea/1 "s aff9ity 
to ! piece4 ,a long cu/om has made !    
want ( ?is att5tion pass unnotic$4 ,x is
 surely an absurd & an unnatural        
pat*work1 betwe5 ! acts ( a deep trag$y1
 to br+ on1 abruptly by way ( div]sion1 
a comic dance4 ,by ?is contra/ bo?      
ent]ta9m5ts are hurt2 ! abruptness ( !  
transition is intol]able to ! audi5ce2 &
 ! ?read1 especially ( ! tragic fable1  
is unpleas+ly brok54 ,! spectators _c   
be> to be s sudd5ly toss$ f ! s]i\s to !
 mir?ful1 & f ! mir?ful to ! s]i\s4 ,9  
%ort1 su* an het]og5e\s adult]ation has 
all ! absurdity reproa*$ to ! motley    
mixture 9 tragi-com$y1 )\t any ?+ ( t   
connection :i* is pres]v$ 9 t k9d (     
ju/ly explod$ dramatic composition4 ,h[ 
easy too to avoid ?is defect1 by adapt+ 

! subjects ( ! dances to ! diff]5t      
exig5ces ( ! diff]5t dramas1 :e!r s]i\s1
 comic1 or f>cical6  ,"o great s\rce (  
?is disord]1 is probably ! manag]s      
consid]+ dances 9 no?+ bett] ?an 9 !    
light ( m]ely a me*anical execution = ! 
amusem5t ( ! eye1 & incapable ( speak+  
to ! m9d4 ,& 9 ?is mi/ake !y are c]ta9ly
 ju/ifiable by ! great deg5]acy ( ?is   
art1 f ! pit* ( p]fection to :i* x 0    
anti5tly c>ri$1 & to :i* ! enc\ragem5t (
 ! public c\ld n fail to re/ore x4 ,!   
manag]s w\ld !n see _! int]e/ too cle>ly
 9 consult+ ! great] pleasure ( !       
public1 n to af=d to ?is art1 !         
requisite cultivation & means (         
improvem5t4  ,! compos]1 :o mu/ ev5 h   
some?+ ( ! poet 9 him2 ! musician1 !    
pa9t]1 ! me*anic1 are ess5tially        
necess>y to ! contribution ( _!         
respective arts1 t[>ds ! h>mony &       
p]fection ( composition1 9 a f9e        
dramatic dance2 ev5 ! dresses are no    
inconsid]able "p ( ! ent]ta9m5t4 ,!     
co/ume1 or 9 a m g5]al t]m1 propriety1  

%\ld h ! direction ( !m4 ,x is n        
magnific5ce1 t is ! great po9t1 b _! be+
 well assort$ to "* & circum/ances4 ,!  
,fr5* are notori\sly faulty 9 ov]-dress+
 _! *>act]s1 & 9 mak+ !m f9e & %[y1 :]e 
_! simplicity w\ld be _! greate/        
ornam5t4 ,i d n mean a simplicity t %\ld
 h any ?+ mean1 l[ or indiff]5t 9 x2 b1 
= example1 9 rural *>act]s1 ! simplicity
 ( nature1 if ,i may use ! expression1 9
 h] holy-day-cloa?s4  ,z to !           
decorations & ma*9es especially1 ,i "k (
 no place :]e !re is less excuse = _!   
be+ defici5t 9 !m ?an 9 ,london1 :]e !y 
are too manife/ly1 to be> any suspicion 
( flatt]y 9 ! attribut+ x to !m1 execut$
 to a p]fection t is n kn[n 9 any o!r "p
 ( ,europe4 ,! quickness ) :i* ! %ifts &
 deceptions 9 ! pantomime ent]ta9m5ts   
are p]=m$ "h1 h be5 attempt$ 9 _m o!r   
p>ts2 b ! p]sons !re employ$1 n hav+ !  
same skill & dep? 9 me*anics z ! arti/s 
"h1 _c come up to !m 9 ?is po9t4 ,& x is
 9 ?is po9t precisely t a compos] (     
dances may be furni%$ ) great assi/5ce 9

 ! effects f ! !atrical illusion4 ,& 9  
an ent]ta9m5t1 :]e by an e/abli%$ tacit 
agreem5t betwe5 ! audi5ce & p]=m]s1 !re 
is su* a latitude ( introduc+ sup]human 
p]sonages1 ei!r ( ! hea!n deities1 or ( 
fairy-hood1 in*ant]s1 & ! l1 ^?         
trans=mations & deceptions ( ! sight are
 ev5 9 ! ord] ( natural consequ5ces1 f !
 pre-suppos$ & all[$ p[] ( su* *>act]s  
to op]ate !m4 ,at ! same "t ! rules (   
probability mu/ ev5 !re be obs]v$4 ,nor 
is x amiss to be v sp>+ & res]v$ 9 !    
composition ( ^? dances1 gr\nd$ on !    
introduction ( purely imag9>y be+s1 su* 
z ! allegorical imp]sonation ( ! moral  
,be+s1 :e!r ! ,virtues or ! ,vices4     
,unless ! inv5tion is v int]e/+ inde$1 !
 *>act]s di/9ctly m>k$1 & ! application 
v j & obvi\s2 _! effect is r>ely        
answ]able to expectation1 especially on 
! audi5ces ( ?is c\ntry4 ,! ta/e "h = ^?
 airy ideal *>act]s is n v high1 &      
p]haps n ! worse = n be+ s4  ,among ! _m
 losses :i* ?is art has su/a9$1 "o      
surely1 n ! lea/ regrettable1 ev5 = our 

!atres1 0 t ( ! dances 9 arm\r1 practis$
 by ! ,greeks1 :i* !y us$ by way (      
div]sion & ( ex]cise = invigorat+ _!    
bodies4 ,sometimes !y _h only buckl]s & 
javel9s 9 _! h&s3 b1 on c]ta9 occasions 
!y p]=m$ 9 panoply1 or complete suits ( 
arm\r4 ,/r5g!n$ by _! daily & v>i\s     
manly ex]cises1 !y 7 enabl$ to execute  
^! dances1 ) a surpris+ exactness &     
dext]ity4 ,! m>tial simphony t          
accompani$ !m1 0 p]=m$ by a num]\s b& ( 
music2 = ! cla% ( _! arms be+ s l\d1    
w\ld else h dr[n$ ! tune or airs ( !    
musicians4 ,x is impossible to imag9e a 
m sublime1 spl5did & picturesque sight  
?an :at ^! dances af=d$1 9 ! brilliancy 
( _! arms1 & ! v>iety ( _! evolutions2  
:ile ! delight !y took 9 x1 inspir$ !m )
 z mu* m>tial fire1 z if !y _h be5      
actually go+ to meet ! enemy4 ,& inde$  
?is div]sion 0 s mu* ( ! nature ( !     
milit>y ex]cise1 t none c\ld be admitt$ 
:o 7 n ?or\ghly exp]t 9 all m>tial      
tra9+4 ,9 "t ( peace1 ?is k9d ( dance 0 
consid]$ z ev5 necess>y to keep up t    

suppl5ess & a?letic disposition ( body1 
to be> action & fatigue1 ess5tial to !  
milit>y pr(ession4 ,if ! practice _h be5
 neglect$1 b = a few days1 !y obs]v$ a  
numbness ins5sibly diffuse itself ov] ! 
:ole body4 ,!y 7 p]suad$ !n t ! be/ way 
( pres]v+ _! heal?1 & fitness = action1 
& consequ5tly to qualify !m = ! mo/     
h]oic ent]prizes1 0 to keep up ?is k9d (
 ex]cise1 9 ! =m ( div]sion4  ,^! m>tial
 dances1 h1 9 "s op]as ( ,italy1 be5    
attempt$ to be imitat$1 ) "s degree (   
success3 b z ! p]=m]s _h n be5 tra9$ up 
to su* an ex]cise1 l ! ,greeks1 x 0 n to
 be expect$ t ! repres5tation %\ld h !  
same p]fection1 or color ( life4  ,!    
composition ( ! music1 & ! suit+ ! airs 
to ! int5d$ execution ( a dance1 is a   
po9t ( :i* x is sc>ce ne$ful to insi/ on
 ! importance1 f its be+ s obvi\s & s   
well kn[n4 ,no?+ c produce a m          
disagreeable discordance ?an a p]=m]'s  
danc+ out ( "t4 ,& "h x may be obs]v$1  
h[ mu* lies ^u a danc]1 9 8 be+ at once 
oblig$ to adapt 8 motions exactly to !  

music & to ! "*3 :i* =ms a d\ble        
incumb5ce1 nei!r po9t ( :i* he c        
neglect1 )\t fall+ into unp>donable     
errors4  ,:]e dances are well compos$1  
!y may give a picture1 to ! life1 ( !   
mann]s & g5ius ( ea* nation & ea* age1 9
 con=mity to ! subject respectively     
*os54 ,b !n ! tru? ( ! co/ume1 & (      
natural & hi/orical repres5tation mu/ be
 /rictly pres]v$4 ,objects mu/ be nei!r 
exag]at$ beyond probability1 nor dim9i%$
 s z n to please or affect4 ,a real     
g5ius w n be affraid ( /rik+ out ( !    
common pa?s1 &1 s5sible t inv5tiv5ess is
 a m]it1 he w create new !atrical       
subjects1 or produce v>i$ comb9ations ( 
old ones4 ,& :]e ! decorations1 or      
requisite accompanim5ts are n suppli$ z 
he c\ld wi%1 he mu/ endeav\r to make !  
mo/ ( :at he c get1 t[>ds ! exhibition (
 8 production2 if n ) all ! advantage ( 
:i* x is susceptible1 at lea/ ) all ^?  
he c procure = x4 ,:]e ! be/ _c be      
obta9$1 he mu/ be cont5t ) ! lea/ bad4  
,b especially a compos] ( dances %\ld   

nev] lose sight ( 8 duty 9 pres]v+ to 8 
art its p[] ( competition1 z well z its 
aff9ity ) ! o!r imitative arts1 9 !     
expression ( nature2 all ! passions &   
s5tim5ts be+ manife/ly to be m>k$ by    
motion1 ge/ures1 & attitudes1 to ! "t ( 
a correspond5t & well adapt$ music4     
,:ile all ?is aid$ & set (f1 by !       
accompanim5ts ( prop] decorations (     
pa9t+1 &1 :]e necess>y1 ( ma*9]y1 makes 
t1 a well compos$ dance1 may v ju/ly be 
deem$ a small poem1 ?r[n into ! mo/     
lively action imag9able2 into an action 
s expressive z n to ne$ ! aid ( words1 =
 convey+ its mean+2 b to make ! want (  
!m r a pleasure ?an matt] ( regret2 f   
its ex]cis+1 )\t fatigu+1 ! m9d ( !     
spectator1 to :i* x c nev] be b an      
agreeable ent]ta9m5t1 to h some?+ left =
 its own mak+ out1 always provid$ t !re 
be no p]plex+ difficulty or ambiguity4  
,no?+ ( :i* is impossible to an arti/ :o
 has ! tal5t ( mak+ a "r *oice among !  
mo/ pleas+ objects ( nature2 (          
suffici5tly feel+ :at he aims at        

express+2 ( kn[+ h[ f> x is all[able = 8
 art1 to proce$ t[>ds ! embelli%+       
nature1 & :]e x %\ld /op to avoid its   
becom+ an imp]t95ce2 & especially (     
agreeably dispos+ 8 subject1 9 ! mo/    
neat & intelligible mann] t c be desir$4
                           ,"s          
,,?\ghts                 ,on ! ,,utility
 (                 ,,le>n+ ,,to ,,dance1
              ,& ,especially ^u !       
,,m9uet4   ,0 ,i1 9 quality ( a         
danc+-ma/]1 to (f] ev5 ! /ronge/ reasons
 ( inducem5t to le>n ?is art1 !y c\ld n 
b ju/ly lose mu*1 if n all1 ( _! weight1
 f my suppos$ int]e/ 9 ! (f]+ !m2       
besides ! p>tiality e arti/ has = 8 art4
  ,x w\ld h[ev] exce$ ! b\nds prescrib$ 
to mode/y itself1 7 ,i to neglect avail+
 myself ( ! au?ority ( o!rs1 :o 7 n only
 f> f be+ pr(essors ( ?is art1 b :o hold
 ! highe/ rank 9 ! public op9ion =      
solidity ( und]/&+1 & purity ( morals1 &
 :o yet did n disda9 to give _! op9ion 9
 favor ( an art only imag9$ frivol\s1 = 
want ( consid]+ x 9 a j & inl>g$ view4  

,aft] ?is introduction1 ,i ne$ n be     
a%am$ ( quot+ ,mr4 ,locke1 9 8 judici\s 
treatise ( education4    ,no?+ 7says he7
 appe>s to me to give *ildr5 s mu*      
becom+ confid5ce & behavi\r1 & s to     
raise !m to   ! conv]sation ( ^? above  
_! age1 z danc+4   ,i ?9k !y %\ld be    
taught to dance z soon z !y are         
capable ( le>n+ x2 = ?\gh ?is consi/s   
only 9   outw>d gracefulness ( motion1  
yet1 ,i "k n h[1 x   gives *ildr5 manly 
?\ghts & c>riage m ?an any   ?+4  ,9    
ano!r place1 he says1    ,danc+ be+ t   
:i* gives graceful motions to all our   
lives1 & above all ?+s1 manl9ess1 & a   
becom+   confid5ce to "y *ildr51 ,i ?9k 
x _c be le>n$   too e>ly1 aft] !y are   
once capable ( x4 ,b y mu/   be sure to 
h a good ma/]1 t kn[s & c tea* :at   is 
graceful & becom+1 & :at gives a fre$om 
&   eas9ess to all ! motions ( ! body4  
,"o t tea*es   n ?is1 is worse ?an none 
at all2 natural awkw>dness   be+ mu*    
bett] ?an api% affect$ po/ures3 & ,i ?9k
   x mu* m passable1 to put (f ! hat1 & 

make a leg   l an hone/ c\ntry-g5tleman1
 ?an l an ill-fa%ion$   danc+-ma/]4 ,= z
 = ! jigg+1 & ! figures (   dance1 ,i   
c\nt t little or no?+ bett] ?an z x     
t5ds to p]fect graceful c>riage4  ,!    
,*evali] ,de ,ramsay1 au?or ( ,cyrus's  
travels1 9 8 plan ( education = a "y    
,pr9ce1 has 7page #ad47 ! foll[+ passage
 to ?is purpose4    ,to ! /udy ( poetry1
 %\ld be jo9$ t ( ! ?ree   arts (       
imitation4 ,! anti5ts repres5t$ !       
passions1 by   ge/s1 colors & s\nds4    
,x5ophon tells u ( "s   wond]ful effects
 ( ! ,grecian dances1 & h[ !y mov$   &  
express$ ! passions4 ,we h n[ lo/ !     
p]fection   ( t art2 all t rema9s1 is   
only :at is necess>y to   give a h&some 
action & airs to a "y g5tleman4 ,?is    
ought n to be neglect$1 because ^u !    
ext]nal figure   & appe>ance1 dep5ds (t5
 ! reg>d we h to !   int]nal qualities (
 ! m9d4 ,a graceful behavi\r1 9 !   h\se
 ( ,lords or ,commons1 comm&s ! att5tion
 ( a :ole   assembly4  ,& mo/ c]ta9ly 9 
?is la/ allegation ( advantage to be    

obta9$ by a compet5t skill1 or at lea/  
t9cture ( ! art1 ! ,*evali] ,ramsay1 has
 n exag]at$ its utility4 ,qu9tilian has 
recomm5d$ x1 especially 9 e>ly ye>s1 :5 
! limbs are ! mo/ pliable1 = procur+ t s
 necess>y accompli%m5t1 9 ! =mation (   
orators ge/ure3 obs]v+ )all1 t :]e t is 
n becom+1 no?+ else h>dly pleases4  ,b  
ev5 indep5d5t ( t consid]ation1 no?+ is 
m g5]ally confess$1 ?an t ?is bran* (   
bre$+ qualifies p]sons = pres5t+        
!mselves ) a good grace4 ,to :om c x be 
unkn[n t a favorable prepossession at ! 
fir/ sight is (t5 ( ! highe/ advantage2 
& t ! p[] ( fir/ impressions is n easily
 surm\ntable8  ,9 assemblies or places (
 public resort1 :5 we see a p]son ( a   
g5teel c>riage or pres5ce1 he attracts  
our reg>d & lik+1 :e!r he be a =eign] or
 "o ( ?is c\ntry4 ,at c\rt1 ev5 a       
graceful address1 & an air ( ease1 w m  
di/+ui% a man f ! cr\d1 ?an ! ri*e/     
cloa?s t money may pur*ase2 b c nev]    
give t air to be acquir$ only by        
education4  ,!re are inde$ :o1 f        

indol5ce or self-suffici5cy1 affect a   
sort ( c>elessness 9 _! gait1 z disda9+ 
to be oblig$ to any "p ( _! education1 =
 _! ext]nal appe>ance1 :i* !y ab&on to  
itself "u ! notion ( its be+ natural1   
free1 & easy4  ,b :ile !y avoid1 z !y   
imag9e1 ! affectation ( ov]-nicety1 !y  
run into t ( a vici\s extreme (         
neglig5ce1 :i* proves no?+ b ei!r a     
defici5cy ( bre$+1 or if n t1 a high    
op9ion ( !mselves1 ) :at is n at all    
unconsequ5tial to t1 a contempt ( o!rs4 
,su* are c]ta9ly mu* mi/ak51 if !y      
imag9e t an art1 :i* is pr9cipally      
design$ to correct defects1 %\ld leave s
 capital an "o subsi/+ z t ( want (     
ease1 & fre$om1 9 ! ge/ure & gait4 ,on !
 contr>y1 x is z great an enemy to      
/iffness1 z x is to loos5ess ( c>riage1 
& air4 ,x equally reprobates an unga9ly 
ru/icity1 & a m9c+1 tripp+1 ov]-s(t     
mann]4 ,its *ief aim is to br+ =? !     
natural graces1 & n to smo!r !m )       
appe>ances ( /udy & art4  ,b ( all ! p 9
 ! _w1 ! ,briti% w\ld c]ta9ly be ! mo/ 9

 ! wrong = n lay+ a great en\gh /ress on
 ?is "p ( education2 s9ce none h m      
conspicu\sly ! m]it ( figure & p]son2 & 
x w\ld 9 !m be a sort ( +ratitude to    
,nature1 :o has done s mu* = !m1 n to d 
a little m = !mselves1 9 acquir+ an     
accompli%m5t1 ! utility ( :i* has be5   
ackn[l$g$ 9 all ages1 & 9 all c\ntries1 
& especially by ! greate/ & mo/ s5sible 
m5 9 _! own4  ,z to ! ladies1 !re is "o 
light 9 :i* p]haps !y w\ld n d amiss to 
view ! practice ( ?is art1 besides t (  
m]e div]sion or improvem5t ( _!         
deportm5t3 x is t ( its be+ highly      
s]viceable to _! heal?1 & to :at x c    
nev] be expect$ !y %\ld be indiff]5t    
ab\t1 _! beauty1 x be+ ! be/ & sure/ way
 ( pres]v+1 or ev5 giv+ x to _! :ole    
p]son4  ,x is 9 hi/ory a settl$ po9t1 t 
beauty 0 no :]e m flori%+1 nor less r>e1
 ?an among su* p z enc\rag$ & cultivat$ 
ex]cise1 especially 9 ! fair sex4 ,!    
v>i\s prov9ces & gov]nm5ts 9 ,greece1   
all agre$1 "s 9 a less1 "s 9 a great]   
degree1 9 mak+ ex]cise a po9t ( female  

education4 ,! ,sp>tans c>ri$ ?is to     
p]haps an excess1 s9ce ! tra9+ ( !      
*ildr5 ( t sex1 h>dly yield$ to t ( !   
male 9 labori\sness & fatigue4 ,be ?is  
confess$ to be an extreme3 b !n x 0 9 "s
 measure comp5sat$ by its be+ univ]sally
 all[$1 t ! ,sp>tan wom5 ow$ to x t     
beauty 9 :i* !y excell$ ! re/ ( !       
,grecian wom51 :o 7 !mselves held1 9 t  
po9t1 pref]able to ! re/ ( ! _w4 ,hell5 
0 a ,sp>tan4 ,yet ! legislator ( t p1   
did n s mu* z consid] ?is advantage     
among ! ends propos$ 9 prescrib+ s h>dy 
an education to ! weak] sex4 ,8 views 7 
= giv+ !m t heal? & vigor ( body1 :i*   
might enable !m to produce a race ( m5 !
 fitte/ to s]ve _! c\ntry 9 w>4  ,b z ! 
be/ habit ( body is ev] insep>able f !  
greate/ p]fection ( beauty1 ( :i* its   
possessor is susceptible1 x v naturally 
foll[$1 t ! good plight to :i* ex]cise  
br\ght & pres]v$ ! females1 gave also to
 _! %ape1 t delicacy & suppl5ess1 & to  
_! e motion1 t graceful agility :i*     
c>act]iz$ ! ,grecian beauties1 &        

di/+ui%$ !m = t nymph-/ile ( figure1 :i*
 we to ?is day admire 9 ! description ( 
_! hi/orians1 ( _! poets1 or 9 !        
repres5tations t yet rema9 to u 9 _!    
/atues1 or o!r monum5ts ( antiquity4  ,b
 omitt+ to insi/ on ! ,sp>tan au/]ity1 &
 especially on _! gimna/ic tra9+ = bo?  
sexes1 & to take ! mild] me?ods (       
ex]cise 9 use among ! ,grecians1 we f9d 
t ! *ace1 t foot-races1 & especially    
danc+1 pr9cipally compos$ ! amusem5t ( !
 "y ladies ( t c\ntry2 :]e1 9 ! great   
days ( ,greece1 no maxim ev] m          
practically prevail$1 ?an t slo? or     
inactivity 0 equally ! p>5t ( diseases (
 ! body1 z ( vices ( ! m9d4 ,agreeable  
to :i* idea1 "o ( ! greate/ physicians  
n[ 9 ,europe1 ! celebrat$ ,tron*91 :ile 
at ,p>is1 vehem5tly declaim$ aga9/ ?is  
false delicacy & av]sion aga9/ ex]cise2 
f :i* ! ladies1 especially ( ! high]    
rank ( life1 d]iv$ _! bad habits ( body1
 _! pale color1 ) all ! pr9ciples (     
weakness1 & ( a puny diseas$            
con/itution1 :i* !y necess>ily intail on

 _! innoc5t *ildr54 ,!nce x 0 t he      
condemn$ ! us+ oneself too mu* to coa*es
 or *airs1 :i*1 he obs]v$1 l[]s !       
spirits1 ?ick5s ! humors1 numbs ! n]ves1
 & cramps ! lib]ty ( circulation4       
,consid]+ ! efficacy ( ex]cise1 & t     
fa%ion has aboli%$ or at lea/ conf9$    
among a v few1 ! m robu/ me?ods (       
amusem5t1 x c h>dly n be eligible to    
cultivate & enc\rage an art1 s innoc5t &
 s agreeable z t ( danc+1 & :i* at once 
unites 9 itself ! ?ree great ends1 (    
bodily improvem5t1 ( div]sion1 & (      
heal?y ex]cise4 ,z to ?is la/           
especially1 x has ?is advantage1 its be+
 susceptible at pleasure1 ( e           
modification1 ( be+ c>ri$ f ! g5tle/    
degree ( motion1 up to t ( ! mo/ viol5t 
activity4 ,& :]e rid+ is prescrib$      
purely = ! sake ( ! p[] ( ! concussion  
result+ f x1 to prev5t or to dissipate  
ob/ructions1 ! spr+s & agitations ( !   
bodily frame1 9 ! m active k9d ( dances1
 c h>dly n answ] ! same purpose1        
especially z ! motion is m equitably    

diffus$1 & suff]s no *ecks or p>tiality 
f keep+ ! seat1 z ei!r 9 rid+1 or any   
o!r me?od ( conveyance4 ,at lea/1 su* an
 ent]ta9m5t1 "o w\ld imag9e1 pref]able1 
= _m reasons1 to an excess ( su* s$5t>y 
amusem5ts z ^? ( c>ds1 & ! l4  ,c]ta9ly 
^? ( ! fair sex :o use ex]cise1 w1 9 _! 
exemption f a deprav$ or defici5t       
appetite1 9 ! fre%ness or 9 ! gl[ ( _!  
color1 9 ! firmness ( _! make1 9 !      
advantages to _! %ape1 9 ! goodness 9   
g5]al ( _! con/itution1 f9d !mselves n  
ill repaid = conqu]+ any ill-habit (    
false delicacy & slo?1 to :i* s _m1     
o!rwise f9e "y ladies1 owe ! disord]s ( 
_! /oma*1 _! pale sickly hue1 & t       
languid /ate ( heal? :i* mu/ poison all 
_! pleasures1 & ev5 endang] _! lives4   
,^! are n /ra9$ nor f>-fet*$            
consequ5ces4  ,b ev5 z to ^? ( ei!r sex1
 ! practice ( danc+ is att5d$ ) obvi\sly
 good effects4 ,su* z are bless$ by     
nature ) a graceful %ape & are          
clean-limb$1 receive /ill great] ease & 
grace f x2 :ile at ! same "t1 x prev5ts 

! ga!r+ ( ^? gross & foggy humors :i* 9 
"t =m a disagreeable & inconv5i5t       
corpul5ce4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ^? ^: make &   
con/itution occasion a k9d ( heavy      
proportion1 ^: muscul> texture is n     
di/9ct1 ^: necks are %ort1 %\ld]s r\nd1 
*e/ n>r[1 & :o1 9 %ort are1 :at may be  
call$1 r clumsy figures2 ^! w greatly   
f9d _! acc\nt 9 a compet5t ex]cise ( !  
art ( danc+1 n only z x w give !m a     
fre$om & ease "o w\ld n1 at ! fir/      
sight1 imag9e compatible ) _! figure1 b 
may contribute mu* to ! cure1 or at lea/
 to ! ext5uation ( su* bodily defects1  
by giv+ a m free circulation to ! blood1
 a habit ( sprightl9ess & agility to !  
limbs1 & prev5t+ ! accumulation ( gross 
humors1 & especially ( fat1 :i* is      
itself n among ! lea/ diseases1 :]e x   
prevails to an excess4 ,n t ,i "h mean  
any ?+ s fooli%ly p>tial1 z t no?+ b    
danc+ c\ld op]ate all ?is2 b only place 
x among n ! lea/ efficaci\s means4      
,no?+ is m c]ta9 ?an t ex]cises 9 g5]al1
 div]sions1 su* z t ( hunt+1 & ! games (

 dext]ity1 keep up ! natural /&>d (     
/r5g? & beauty1 :i* luxury & slo? are   
sure to debase4  ,danc+ furni%es !n to !
 fair-sex1 ^: sph]e ( ex]cise is        
naturally m conf9$ ?an t ( ! m51 at once
 a salut>y amusem5t1 & an opportunity ( 
display+ _! native graces4 ,b z to m51  
f5c+1 rid+ & _m o!r improvem5ts h also  
d\btless _! respective m]it1 & answ] v  
valuable purposes4  ,b :]e only ! g5tle/
 ex]cise is requisite1 ! m9uet (f]s its 
s]vices1 ) ! greate/ effect2 & :5       
elegantly execut$1 =ms "o ( ! mo/       
agreeable fights ei!r 9 private or      
public assemblies1 or1 occasionally1 ev5
 on ! !atre itself4  ,yet ,i speak n (  
?is dance "h ) any purpose ( specify+   
rules = its atta9m5t4 ,su* an attempt   
w\ld be va9 & impracticable4 ,:o does n 
"k t almo/ e individual le>n] requires  
diff]5t in/ructions8 ,! lay+ a /ress on 
"s p>ticul> motion or air :i* may be    
prop] to be recomm5d$ to "o1 mu/ be     
/rictly =bidd5 to ano!r4 ,9 "s1 _!      
natural graces ne$ only to be call$ =?2 

9 o!rs ! de/roy+ !m by affectation is to
 be c>efully *eck$4 ,:]e defects are    
uncurable1 ! tea*] mu/ %[ h[ !y may be  
palliat$ & sometimes ev5 conv]t$ into   
graces4 ,x w easily !n be grant$ t !re  
is no su* ?+ z le>n+ a m9uet1 or inde$  
any dance m]ely by book4 ,! dead-lett] (
 x c only be convey$ by ! not+ or       
description ( ! figure & ( ! me*anical  
"p ( x2 b ! _s ( x 9 ! graces ( ! air & 
ge/ure1 & ! c>riage ( ! danc] c only be 
practically taught by a good ma/]4  ,i h
 m5tion$ ! di/9ction ( a good ma/]1 mo/ 
assur$ly n 9 ! way ( a va9 silly h9t (  
self-recomdation2 b purely = ! sake (   
giv+ a caution1 too (t5 neglect$1 aga9/ 
p>5ts1 or ^? *>g$ ) ! education ( y\?1  
plac+ *ildr51 at ! age :5 _! muscles are
 mo/ flexible1 _! limbs ! mo/ supple1 & 
_! m9ds ! mo/ ductile1 & :o are         
consequ5tly susceptible ( ! be/         
impressions1 "u su* pret5d$ ma/]s ( ?is 
art1 :o c only give !m ! wor/1 & :o1    
in/ead ( tea*+1 /& !mselves 9 ne$ ( be+ 
taught4 ,! consequ5ce !n ( su* a bad    

*oice1 is1 t "y p ( ! f9e/ disposition 9
 ! _w1 contract1 "u su* tea*]s1 bad1    
awkw>d habits1 t are n aft]w>ds easily  
curable4  ,^? ma/]s :o possess ! real   
gr\nds ( _! art1 f9d 9 _! unit+ _!      
practice ) _! k1 res\rces ev5 aga9/ !   
usual depr$ations ( age2 :i*1 ?\gh x may
 deprive !m ( some:at ( _! y\?ful vigor1
 has sc>ce a s5sible influ5ce on _!     
mann] ( p]=mance4 ,!re w /ill long rema9
 to !m ! traces ( _! =m] excell5ce4  ,i 
h myself se5 ! celebrat$ ,dupr1 at ne> !
 age ( sixty1 dance at ,p>is1 ) all !   
agility & sprightl9ess ( y\?1 & ) su*   
p[]s ( pleas+1 z if ! graces 9 him _h   
brav$ sup]annuation4  ,su* is !         
advantage ( n hav+ be5 cont5t ) a       
sup]ficial t9cture ( ?is art2 or ) a m]e
 rote ( imitation1 )\t an aim at        
excell5ce or orig9ality4  ,b ?\gh !re is
 no necessity = mo/ le>n]s to ent] s    
deep into ! gr\nds & pr9ciples ( ! art1 
z ^? :o are to make x _! pr(ession1 x is
 at lea/ b do+ ju/ice to "o's s*ol>s to 
give !m ^? ess5tial in/ructions z to !  

graces ( air1 position1 & ge/ure2 )\t   
:i* !y c nev] be b indiff]5t p]=m]s4  ,=
 example1 in/ead ( be+ s (t5 told to    
turn _! toes out1 !y %\ld be admoni%$ to
 turn _! knees out1 :i* w consequ5tly   
give ! true direction to ! feet4 ,a due 
att5tion %\ld also be giv5 to ! motion (
 ! in/ep1 to ! air ( s9k+ & ris+2 to !  
position ( ! hips1 %\ld]s1 & body2 to ! 
graceful managem5t ( ! arms1 &          
p>ticul>ly to ! giv+ ! h& ) a g5teel    
mann]1 to ! inflections ( ! neck & head1
 & especially to ! s captivat+ mode/y ( 
! eye2 9 %ort1 to ! diffus+ ov] ! :ole  
execution1 an air ( noble ease1 & (     
natural gracefulness4  ,x might be too  
trite to m5tion "h :at is s indisp5sable
 & s mu* 9 c\rse1 ! /rict reg>d to be   
paid to ! keep+ "t ) ! music4  ,no?+ has
 a bett] effect1 nor m prepossess+ 9    
favor ( ! p]=mance to foll[1 ?an ! b[ or
 curtsy at ! op5+ ! dance1 made ) an air
 ( dignity & fre$om4 ,on ! contr>y1 no?+
 is m disgu/ful ?an t initial /ep ( !   
m9uet1 :5 auckw>dly execut$4 ,x gives   

su* an ill impression z is n easily     
remov$ by ev5 a good p]=mance 9 ! rema9+
 "p ( ! dance4  ,!re is ano!r po9t (    
great importance to all1 b to ! ladies  
especially1 :i* is ev] /rictly recomm5d$
 9 ! tea*+ ( ! m9uet2 b :i* 9 fact1 l   
mo/ ( ! o!r graces ( t dance1 ext5ds to 
o!r occasions ( appe>ance 9 life4 ,?is  
po9t is ! easy & noble port ( ! head4   
,_m v pretty ladies lose mu* ( ! effect 
( _! beauty1 & ( ! signal p[] ( ! fir/  
impressions1 z !y ent] a room1 or a     
public assembly1 by a vulg> or improp]  
c>riage ( ! head1 ei!r pok+ ! neck1 or  
/oop+ ! head1 or 9 ! o!r extreme1 (     
hold+ x up too /iff1 on ! ,mama's       
p]petually teiz+ remon/rance1 ( hold up 
y\r head1 ,miss1 )\t consid]+ t m]ely   
bridl+1 )\t ! easy grace ( a free play1 
is a worse fault ?an t ( :i* %e w h be5 
correct$4  ,c]ta9ly no?+ c give a m     
noble air to ! :ole p]son ?an ! head    
f9ely set1 & turn+ gracefully1 ) e      
natural occasion = turn+ x1 & especially
 )\t affectation1 or /ifly po9t+ ! *91 z

 if to %[ :i* way ! w9d sits4  ,b x mu/ 
be impossible = ^? :o /oop _! heads d[n1
 to give _! figure any air ( dignity1 or
 grace ( polit5ess4 ,!y mu/ always reta9
 some?+ ( ignoble 9 _! mann]4 ,no?+ !n  
is m recomm5dable ?an = ^? :o are       
naturally incl9$ to ?is defect1 to      
endeavor ! avoid+ x by a p>ticul>       
att5tion to ?is capital in/ruction 9    
le>n+ ! m9uet4 ,x is also n en\gh to    
take ! m9uet-/eps true to "t1 to turn   
out _! knees1 & to slide _! /ep neatly1 
if t flexibility1 or rise & fall f !    
graceful b5d+ ( ! in/ep1 is n att5d$ to1
 :i* gives s elegant an air to !        
execution ei!r ( ! m9uet1 or ( ! s]i\s  
!atrical dances4 ,no?+ c m ?an t1 set (f
 or %[ ! beauty ( ! /eps4  ,x %\ld also 
be recomm5d$ to ! danc]s ( ! m9uet1 ev] 
to h an expression ( t sort ( gaity &   
*e>fulness 9 ! c\nt5ance1 :i* w give x  
an amiable & ev5 a noble frankness4     
,no?+ c be m out ( "*1 or ev5 displeas+1
 ?an a fr[>d or too p5sive a look4 ,!re 
may be a sprightly vacancy1 an op5ness 9

 ! face1 )\t ! lea/ t9cture ( any       
indec5t air ( levity3 z !re may be a    
captivat+ mode/y1 )\t any ( t ba%fulness
 :i* arises ei!r f l[ bre$+1 wrong      
bre$+1 or no bre$+ at all4  ,b to       
execute a m9uet 9 a v sup]ior mann]1 x  
is recomm5dable to ent] into "s         
acqua9tance1 at lea/1 ) ! pr9ciples ( ! 
s]i\s or grave dances1 ) a naturally    
g5teel p]son1 a sup]ficial k ( ! /eps1 &
 a smatt]+ ( ! rules1 any "o almo/ may  
soon be made to acquit himself tol]ably 
( a m9uet2 b to make a di/+ui%$ figure1 
"s notion ( ! dep?s & ref9em5ts ( ! art1
 illu/rat$ by prop] practice1 are       
requir$4  ,x is especially incumb5t on  
an arti/1 n to re/ satisfi$ ) hav+      
pleas$3 he %\ld1 f 8 k ( ! gr\nds ( 8   
art1 be able to tell himself :y he has  
pleas$2 & ?us by build+ ^u solid        
pr9ciples1 pref]ably to m]e lucky hits1 
or to transi5t & accid5tal advantages ( 
=m or mann]1 insure ! p]man5cy ( 8 p[]  
to please4  ,!re is a vice 9 danc+1     
aga9/ :i* pupils _c be too c>efully     

gu>d$2 x is t ( affectation4 ,x is      
ess5tially diff]5t f t desire ( pleas+1 
:i* is s natural & s consi/5t ev5 ) !   
greate/ mode/y1 9 t x always builds on  
"s falsity1 mi/ak5 = a means ( pleas+1  
?\gh no?+ c m surely defeat t int5tion2 
!re is n an axiom m true ?an t ! graces 
are incompatible ) affectation4 ,!y     
vani% at ! fir/ appe>ance ( x3 & ! curse
 ( affectation is1 t x nev] b lets      
itself be se51 & :]ev] x is se51 x is   
sure to (f5d1 & to fru/rate its own     
design4  ,! simplicity ( nature is !    
great f\nta9 ( all ! graces2 f :i* !y   
fl[ spontane\s1 :5 un*eck$ by           
affectation1 :i* at once poisons & dries
 !m up4  ,nature does n refuse          
cultivation1 b %e w n be> be+ =c$4 ,!   
great art ( ! danc+-ma/] is n to give   
graces1 = t is impossible1 b to call =? 
into a nobly mode/ display ^? lat5t ones
 9 8 s*ol>s1 :i* may h be5 buri$ = want 
( opportunities or ( education to break 
=? 9 _! native lu/re1 or :i* h be5      
spoil$ or p]v]t$1 by wrong in/ruction1  

or by bad models ( imitations4 ,9 ?is   
la/ case1 ! ma/]'s bus9ess is r to      
extirpate ?an to plant2 to cle> ! gr\nd 
( poison\s exotics1 & to make way = !   
pleas+ productions ( nature4  ,?is      
admirable pr]ogative ( pleas+1          
insep>able f ! natural graces1 unpoison$
 by affectation1 is 9 no?+ m /rongly    
exemplifi$1 ?an 9 ! rural dances1 :]e   
simplicity ( mann]s1 a sprightly ease1 &
 an exemption f all design b t ( innoc5t
 mir?1 give to ! "y & h&some villag]s1  
or c\ntry-maids1 ^? inimitable graces = 
ev] unkn[n to artifice & affectation4 ,n
 b1 ev5 9 ^? rural assemblies1 !re may  
be f\nd "s *>act]s ta9t$ ) affectation2 
b !n 9 ! c\ntry !y are exceptions1 :]eas
 9 t[n !y con/itute ! g5]ality1 :o are s
 apt to mi/ake airs = graces1 ?\gh no?+ 
c be m ess5tially diff]5t4  ,b h[ %all  
^? ma/]s gu>d a s*ol> suffici5tly aga9/ 
affectation1 :o are !mselves notori\sly 
infect$ ) x8 ,nay1 ?is is s common to   
!m1 t x is ev5 ! f\ndation ( a prov]bial
 rem>k1 t no g5tleman c be said to dance

 well1 :o dances l a danc+-ma/]4 ,^?    
false ref9em5ts1 t f9ical1 affect$ air s
 ju/ly reproa*$ to ! g5]ality ( tea*]s1 
a ma/] %\ld correct 9 himself be=e he c 
well give lessons = avoid+ !m to 8      
pupils4 ,&1 9 tru?1 !y are b wret*$     
sub/itutes to ! true gr\nds & pr9ciples 
( ! art1 9 :i* no?+ is m /rongly        
inculcat$ ?an ! total neglect ( !m1 & ! 
reliance on ! engag+ & noble simplicity 
( nature4  ,x is !n no p>adox to say t !
 m deep y are 9 ! art1 ! less w x /ifle 
nature4 ,on ! contr>y1 x w1 9 ! noble   
assurance :i* a compet5t skill is sure  
to br+ ) x1 give to ! natural graces a  
great] fre$om & ease ( display4         
,imp]fection ( !ory & practice cramps ! 
faculties2 & gives ei!r an unpleas+     
fault]+ness to ! air1 /eps1 & ge/ures1  
or wrong execution4 ,& z ! m9uet d]ives 
its m]it f an obs]vation ( ! mo/        
agreeable /eps1 well *os5 9 nature &    
well comb9$ by art1 !re is no           
inconsi/5ce 9 av]+ t art may1 9 ?is1 z 9
 _m o!r objects ( imitative skill1      

ess5tially assi/ nature1 & place h] 9 ! 
mo/ advantage\s po9t ( light4  ,! tru? (
 ?is w be easily grant$1 by numb]s :o h 
felt ! pleasure ( see+ a m9uet          
gracefully execut$ by a c\ple :o        
und]/ood ?is dance p]fectly4 ,nay1      
excell5ce 9 ! p]=mance ( x1 has giv5 to 
an indiff]5t figure1 at lea/ a tempor>y 
advantage ov] a mu* sup]ior "o 9 po9t ( 
p]son only2 & sometimes an advantage (  
:i* ! impression has be5 m p]man5t4  ,b 
besides ! effect ( ! mom5t 9 pleas+ !   
spectators2 ! be+ well v]s$ 9 ?is dance 
especially contributes greatly to =m !  
gait1 & address1 z well z ! mann] 9 :i* 
we %\ld pres5t ourselves4 ,x has a      
s5sible influ5ce 9 ! poli%+ & fa%ion+ ! 
air & deportm5t 9 all occasions (       
appe>ance 9 life4 ,x helps to we> (f any
 ?+ ( cl[ni%ness 9 ! c>riage ( ! p]son1 
& brea!s itself into o!rwise ! mo/      
indiff]5t actions1 9 a g5teel &         
agreeable mann] ( p]=m+ !m4  ,?is secret
 & relative influ5ce ( ! m9uet1 ,m>cel1 
my ev] respect$ ma/]1 :om 8 own m]it 9 8

 pr(ession1 & ! humor\s m5tion ( him by 
,helvetius1 9 8 fam\s book ,,de         
,l',,esprit1 h made s well kn[n1        
con/antly kept 9 view1 9 8 me?od ( tea*+
 x4 ,8 s*ol>s 7 g5]ally kn[n & di/+ui%$ 
f ^? ( o!r ma/]s1 n only by _! excell5ce
 9 actual danc+1 b by a c]ta9 sup]ior   
air ( easy-g5teelness at o!r times4 ,he 
himself danc$ ! m9uet to its utmo/      
p]fection4 ,n t he conf9$ 8 practice to 
t dance alone2 on ! contr>y1 he confess$
 himself oblig$ = 8 greate/ skill 9 t1  
to 8 hav+ a g5]al k ( all ! o!r dances1 
:i* he _h practis$1 b especially ^? ( ! 
s]i\s /ile4  ,b c]ta9ly x is n only to !
 pr(ess$ danc]1 t danc+ 9 ! s]i\s /ile1 
or ! m9uet1 ) grace & ease1 is ess5tial4
 ,! possess+ ?is bran* ( danc+ is (     
great s]vice on ! !atre1 ev5 to an      
actor4 ,! effect ( x /eals into 8 mann]1
 & gait1 & gives him an air ( pres5t+   
himself1 t is sure to prepossess 9 8    
favor4 ,p]sons ( e size or %ape are     
susceptible ( grace & improvem5t f x4 ,!
 %\ld]s s drawn back z n to protub]ate  

be=e1 b z x 71 to retreat f sight1 or z 
! ,fr5* express x bi5 effaces1 ! knees  
well turn+ outw>ds1 ) a free play2 ! air
 ( ! %ape noble & dis5gag$2 ! turns &   
movem5ts easy2 9 %ort1 all ! graces t   
*>act]ise a good execution ( ! m9uet1 w1
 ins5sibly on all o!r occasions1        
di/ribute ?r\gh e limb & "p ( ! body1 a 
c]ta9 lib]ty & agreeabl5ess ( motion    
easi] to be conceiv$ ?an def9$4 ,to !   
actor1 9 all *>act]s1 x gives1 z ,i h j 
be=e obs]v$1 a graceful mi5 & pres5ce2  
b1 9 s]i\s *>act]s1 x especially sugge/s
 t /rik+ portl9ess1 t maje/ic tread ( ! 
/age1 = :i* "s actors f ! v fir/ ( _!   
appe>ance s happily dispose ! public to 
a favorable reception ( _! m]it 9 ! re/ 
( _! "p4 ,an influ5ce ( ! fir/          
impression1 :i* a good actor w h>dly    
despise1 especially ) due precaution    
aga9/ 8 contract+ any ?+ =c$ or affect$ 
9 8 air or /eps1 f 8 att5tion to 8      
improvem5t by danc+1 z ! v be/ ?+s may  
be ev5 p]nici\s by a misuse4 ,:atev] is 
n natural1 free1 & easy1 w und\bt$ly1 on

 ! /age1 z e :]e else1 h a bad effect4  
,a v little matt] ( excess w1 f 8 aim at
 a grace1 produce a ridicul\s c>icature4
 ,too /iff a regulation ( 8 motions or  
ge/ures1 by measure & cad5ce1 w\ld ev5  
be worse ?an ab&on+ e ?+ to *ance2 :i*  
might1 l ! ,eolian h>p1 sometimes suff] 
lucky hits to escape him2 :]eas         
affectation is z sure =ev] to displease1
 z x is n to escape ! be+ se5 :]e x     
exi/s4  ,among ! _m reasons = ?is dance 
( ! m9uet hav+ become g5]al1 is !       
possibility ( danc+ x to s _m diff]5t   
airs1 ?\gh ! /eps are inv>iable4 ,if "o 
tune does n please a p]=m]1 he may call 
= ano!r2 ! m9uet /ill rema9+ unalt]able4
  ,!re is no occasion h[ev] = a le>n] to
 be conf9$ to ?is dance4 ,he %\ld r be  
enc\rag$1 or h a curiosity be excit$ 9  
him1 to le>n especially ^? dances1 :i*  
are ( ! m t5d] or s]i\s "*1 contribut+1 
z !y greatly d1 to p]fect "o 9 ! m9uet2 
indep5d5tly ( ! pleasure !y besides give
 bo? 9 ! p]=mance & to ! sight4 ,!      
dances ! mo/ 9 reque/ are1 ! ,s>ab&1 !  

,bretagne ! ,furlana1 ! ,passepi$1 !    
,folie d',espagne1 ! ,rigaudon1 ! ,m9uet
 du ,dauph9 ! ,l\vre1 ,la ,m>ie1 :i* is 
always danc$ at ! ,op]a ( ,rol& at      
,p>is4 ,"s ( ^! are p]=m$ solo1 o!rs are
 duet-dances4 ,! ,l\vre is held by _m ! 
mo/ pleas+ ( !m all1 especially :5 well 
execut$ by bo? p]=m]s1 9 a j conc]t (   
motions2 no dance af=d+ ! arms m        
occasion = a graceful display ( !m1 or a
 m delicate regul>ity ( ! /eps2 be+     
compos$ ( ! mo/ select ones f !atrical  
dances1 & =m$ ^u ! true/ pr9ciples ( !  
art4 ,?is dance is execut$ 9 mo/        
c\ntries ( ,europe )\t any v>iation4 ,x 
is g5]ally foll[$ or t]m9at$ by a m9uet2
 & ^! two dances1 ! ,l\vre & ! m9uet1   
are at pres5t ! mo/ univ]sally 9 fa%ion1
 & w1 9 all probability1 cont9ue s1 f _!
 be+ bo? pleas+ beyond all o!rs1 to !   
p]=m]s1 z well z to ! spectators1 & f _!
 n be+ difficult to le>n1 if ! s*ol> has
 b common docility4  ,y\? be+ = le>n+   
?is art und\bt$ly ! be/ season1 =       
reasons z ,i h be=e obs]v$1 too obvi\s  

to ne$ insi/+ on1 ! ma/] _c pay too mu* 
att5tion to ! avail+ himself ( ! pliancy
 ( t age1 to give 8 s*ol>s ! necess>y   
in/ructions = prep>+ & well-dispos+ _!  
limbs4 ,?is holds good1 p>ticul>ly )    
reg>d to t prop5sity innate to mo/      
p]sons ( turn+ 9 _! toes4 ,i h already  
m5tion$ ! exp$i5cy ( cur+ ?is defect1 by
 ! direct+ !m to acquire a habit ( turn+
 ! knees outw>d1 to :i* ,i h to add1 t  
on ! prop] turn ( ! knee1 *iefly dep5d !
 graces ( ! "u "p ( ! figure1 t is to   
say1 f ! foot to ! hip4  ,frequ5t       
practice also ( danc+1 or ( any salut>y 
ex]cise1 is also highly recomm5dable =  
obta9+ a firmness ( body2 = a tott]+    
danc] c nev] plant 8 /eps s z to af=d a 
pleas+ execution4 ,x may s\nd a little  
odd1 b1 ! tru? is1 t 9 danc+1           
sprightl9ess & agility are pr9cipally   
produc$ by bodily /r5g?2 :ile on !      
contr>y1 weakness1 or infirmity1 mu/    
give e /ep & spr+1 n only a tott]+1 b a 
heavy air4 ,! legs t be> ) ! mo/ ease ! 
weight ( ! body1 w naturally make x seem

 ! lighte/4                             
,a                  ,,summ>y ,,acc\nt   
,( v>i\s k9ds (                         
,,dances          ,9 diff]5t ,p>ts ( !  
,,_w4       ,cantatur et saltatur apud  
omnes g5tes1          aliquo saltem     
modo1                                   
,,qu9t4       ,9 ,,europe4   ,z almo/ e 
c\ntry has dances p>ticul> to x1 or1 at 
lea/1 s naturaliz$ by adoption f o!rs1 t
 9 l5g? ( "t !y pass = orig9als2 a      
slight sket* ( ! mo/ rem>kable ( !m may 
s]ve to ?r[ a light ^u ?is subject1     
ent]ta9+ to "s1 & bo? ent]ta9+ & useful 
to o!rs4  ,9 ,,brita91 y h ! hornpipe1 a
 dance :i* is held an orig9al ( ?is     
c\ntry4 ,"s ( ! /eps ( x are us$ 9 !    
c\ntry-dances "h1 :i* are !mselves a k9d
 ( dance execut$ ) m v>iety &           
agreeabl5ess ?an 9 any "p ( ,europe1 :]e
 !y are also imitatively p]=m$1 z 9     
,italy1 ,g]many & 9 sev]al o!r c\ntries4
 ,nor is x )\t reason !y obta91 "h !    
pref]5ce ov] ! l 9 o!r places4 ,!y are  
no :]e s well execut$4 ,! music is      

extremely well adapt$1 & ! /eps 9 g5]al 
are v pleas+4 ,"s =eign comic danc]s1 on
 _! com+ "h1 apply !mselves ) great     
att5tion to ! true /udy ( ! hornpipe1 & 
by con/ant practice acquire ! ability ( 
p]=m+ x ) success 9 =eign c\ntries1 :]e 
x always meets ) ! highe/ applause1 :5  
ma/]ly execut$4 ,!re 0 an in/ance ( ?is1
 sometime ago at ,v5ice1 at an op]a !re1
 :5 ! !atre 0 z well provid$ ) good s+]s
 & danc]s1 z any o!r4 ,b !y _h n ! good 
=tune to please ! public4 ,a danc]      
luckily = ! manag]1 pres5t$ himself1 :o 
danc$ ! hornpipe 9 its due p]fection4   
,?is novelty took s1 & made su* full    
h\ses1 t ! manag]1 :o _h begun ) great  
loss1 soon saw himself repair$1 & 0 a   
ga9] :5 he little expect$ x4  ,x is to !
 ,,highl&]s 9 ,nor?-,brita91 t ,i am    
told we are indebt$ = a dance 9 ! comic 
ve91 call$ ! ,scot* ,reel1 execut$      
g5]ally1 & ,i believe always 9 trio1 or 
by ?ree4 ,:5 well danc$1 x has a v      
pleas+ effect3 & inde$ no?+ c be imag9$ 
m agreeable1 or m lively & brilliant1   

?an ! /eps 9 _m ( ! ,scot* dances4 ,!re 
is a great v>iety ( v natural & v pleas+
 ones4 ,& a compos] ( comic dances1     
might1 ) great advantage to himself1 ^u 
a judici\s assemblage ( su* /eps z he   
might pick out ( _! dances1 =m a dance  
t1 ) well adapt$ dresses1 correspond5t  
music1 & figures capable ( a j p]=mance1
 c\ld h>dly fail ( a great success ^u ! 
!atre4  ,i d n "k :e!r ,i %all n /& 9   
ne$ ( an apology = m5tion+ "h a dance   
once popul> 9 ,engl&1 b to :i* ! idea ( 
l[ is n[ curr5tly annex$4 ,x 0 orig9ally
 adapt$ f ! ,moors1 & is /ill kn[n by ! 
"n ( ,morris-danc+1 or ,moresc-dance4 ,x
 is danc$ ) swords1 by p]sons odly      
disguis$1 ) a great deal ( antic rural  
m]rim5t3 x is true t ?is div]sion is n[ 
almo/ explod$1 be+ entirely conf9$ to ! 
l[] classes ( life1 & only kept up 9 "s 
c\nties4 ,:at ! reason may be ( its go+ 
out ( use1 ,i _c say2 b am v sure1 !re 0
 n only a great deal ( natural mir? 9 x1
 b t x is susceptible en\gh (           
improvem5t1 to rescue x f ! contempt x  

may h incurr$1 ?r\gh its be+ *iefly 9   
use among ! vulg>2 ?\gh mo/ probably x  
may h desc5d$ among !m f ! high] ranks4 
,= c]ta9ly ( !m x 0 n q unwor?y1 = !    
,pirrhic or milit>y air x c>ries ) x1 & 
:i* probably 0 ! cause ( its            
introduction among s m>tial a p4 ,rude1 
z x 01 x might require ref9em5t1 b x did
 n1 p]haps1 des]ve to become q obsolete4
  ,9 ,,spa91 !y h a dance1 call$1 ,les  
,folies d',espagne1 :i* is p]=m$ ei!r by
 "o or by two1 ) ca/anets4 ,!re is a    
dress peculi>ly adapt$ to x1 :i* has a v
 pleas+ effect1 z well z ! dance itself4
  ,9 ,,france1 _! ,contre-dances1 are   
drawn f ! true pr9ciples ( ! art1 & !   
figures & /eps are g5]ally v agreeable4 
,no nation cultivates ?is art ) m ta/e &
 delicacy4 ,_! ,prov5ale dance1 is mo/  
delightfully sprightly1 & well imag9$4  
,! /eps seem to correspond ) ! natural  
vivacity & gaiety ( ! ,prov5als4 ,?is   
dance is commonly p]=m$ to ! pipe &     
tabor4  ,! ,,flemi% dances run 9 ! mo/  
droll ve9 ( true rural humor4 ,! p]=m]s 

seem to be made = ! dances1 & ! dances =
 ! p]=m]s2 s well assort$ are ! figures 
to ! repres5tation4 ,sev]al em95t pa9t]s
 9 ! grotesque /ile1 ,t5i]s especially1 
h =m$ _m div]t+ pictures tak5 f life1 ^u
 ?is subject4  ,at ,,naples1 !y h v>i\s 
grotesque dances1 :i* are orig9als 9 _! 
k9d1 be+ extremely difficult to execute1
 n only = ! v>iety ( ! /eps1 b = !      
intricacy & uncommonness1 or r s+ul>ity 
( !m4  ,b :ile ,i am m5tion+ ,naples1 ,i
 ought n to omit t effect ( danc+1 :i*  
is attribut$ to x1 ^u ^? :o are bitt5 ) 
! ,t>antula4 ,! orig9al ( ?is op9ion1 0 
probably ow+ to "s s5sible physician1   
prescrib+ su* a viol5t motion1 m likely 
to be kept up 9 ! pati5t1 by ! p[] (    
music1 ?an by any ?+ else1 z might      
enable him to expel ! poison1 by be+    
!reby ?r[n into a copi\s sweat1 & by o!r
 b5efits f su* a vehem5t agitation4     
,?is1 x is suppos$1 0 aft]w>ds abus$ &  
turn$ into a m]e trick1 to assemble a   
cr\d & get money1 ei!r by %am bites1 or 
by mak+ a k9d ( %[ ( ?is me?od (        

practice 9 real ones4 ,h[ev]1 t may be1 
! v>i\s grimaces or contortions1 leaps &
 irregul> /eps1 commonly us$ on ?is     
occasion1 to be execut$ to t sort (     
music1 or airs adapt$ to x1 might af=d a
 good subject = a grotesque dance1 to be
 =m$ ^u ! plan ( a burlesque or         
mock-imitation3 & ,i am n q sure t !    
idea ( su* a dance1 has n be5 already   
c>ri$ into execution4  ,! ca/anets !    
,,neapolitans mo/ frequ5tly use1 are ( !
 l>ge/ size4 ,x is also f ,naples t we h
 tak5 ! ,pun*9ello dance4  ,at          
,,flor5ce1 !y h a dance1 call$1 il      
,tres*one4 ,! c\ntry-wom51 9 ! villages1
 are v fond ( x4 ,!y are g5]ally speak+1
 v robu/1 & capable ( hold+ out !       
fatigue ( ?is dance1 = a long "t4 ,to   
make !mselves m light = x1 !y (t5 pull  
(f _! %oes4 ,! dance is op5$ by a c\ple1
 "o ( ea* sex4 ,! woman holds 9 h] h& a 
h&k]*ief1 :i* %e fl+s to him :om %e     
*uses = h] next p>tn]1 :o1 9 8 turn has 
an equal "r to dispose ( x 9 ! same     
mann]1 to any woman ( ! company he      

*uses4 ,?us is ! dance c>ri$ on )\t any 
int]ruption till ! assembly breaks up4  
,! favorite dance ( ! ,,v5etians1 is :at
 !y call ! ,furlana1 :i* is p]=m$ by two
 p]sons danc+ a-r\nd ) ! greate/        
rapidity4 ,^? :o h a good e>1 keep "t ) 
! cross+ _! feet beh9d2 & "s add a      
motion ( _! h&s1 z if !y 7 r[+ or tugg+ 
at an o>4 ,?is dance is practic$ 9      
sev]al o!r p>ts ( ,italy4  ,! ,peasants 
( ,,tirol1 h "o ( ! mo/ pleasant &      
grotesque dances t c be imag9$4 ,!y p]=m
 x 9 a sort ( holy-day dress1 made (    
sk9s1 & adorn$ ) ribbons4 ,!y we> wood5 
%oes1 n uncuri\sly pa9t$2 & ! wom5      
especially express a k9d ( rural        
simplicity & frolic mir?1 :i* has a v   
agreeable effect4  ,! ,,grisons are 9   
possession ( an old dance1 :i* is n )\t 
its m]it1 & :i* !y w\ld n ex*ange = !   
polite/ 9 ,europe2 !y be+ z inv>iably   
atta*$ to x1 z to _! dress4  ,!         
,,hung>ians are v noisy 9 _! dances1 )  
_! iron heels1 b :5 !y are ( an equal   
size1 & dress$ 9 _! uni=ms1 ! agility ( 

_! /eps1 & ! regul>ity ( dress 9 !      
p]=m]s1 r5d] !m n a disagreeable sight4 
,! ,,g]mans h a dance call$ ! ,allem&e1 
9 :i* ! m5 & wom5 =m a r+4 ,ea* man     
hold+ 8 p>tn] r\nd ! wai/1 makes h] :irl
 r\nd ) almo/ inconceivable rapidity3 !y
 dance 9 a gr& circle1 seem+ to pursue  
"o ano!r3 9 ! c\rse ( :i* !y execute    
sev]al leaps1 & "s p>ticul>ly pleas+    
/eps1 :5 !y turn1 b s v difficult z to  
appe> su* ev5 to pr(ess$ danc]s         
!mselves4 ,:5 ?is dance is p]=m$ by a   
num]\s company1 x furni%es "o ( ! mo/   
pleas+ sights t c be imag9$4  ,! ,,poli%
 nobility h a dance1 to :i* !           
magnific5ce ( _! dress1 & ! elegance ( !
 /eps1 ! gracefulness ( ! attitudes1 !  
fitness ( ! music1 all contribute to    
produce a great effect4 ,7 x p]=m$ "h on
 ! !atre1 x w\ld h>dly fail ( a g5]al   
applause4  ,! ,,cossacs1 h1 amid/ all _!
 unc\? b>b>ism1 a sort ( danc+1 :i* !y  
execute to ! s\nd ( an in/rum5t1 some:at
 resembl+ a ,m&ol9e1 b consid]ably l>g]1
 & :i* is highly div]t+1 f ! extreme    

vivacity ( ! /eps1 & ! oddity ( !       
contortions & grimaces1 ) :i* !y exhibit
 x4 ,= a grotesque dance !re c h>dly be 
imag9$ any ?+ m ent]ta9+4  ,!           
,,russians1 af=d no?+ rem>kable 9 _!    
dances1 :i* !y n[ *iefly take f o!r     
c\ntries4 ,! dance ( dw>fs ) :i* ! ,cz> 
,pet] ! ,great1 solemniz$ ! nuptials ( 8
 niece to ! ,duke ( ,c\rl&1 01 probably 
r a p>ticul> :im ( 8 own1 ?an a national
 usage4       ,9 ,,asia4   ,9 ,,turky1  
dances h be51 z ( old 9 ,greece1 &      
else:]e in/itut$ 9 =m ( a religi\s      
c]emony4 ,! ,d]vi%es :o are a k9d (     
devotioni/s execute a dance1 call$ !    
,semaat 9 a circle1 to a /range         
wild-simphony1 :5 hold+ "o ano!r by !   
h&1 !y turn r\nd ) su* rapidity1 t1 )   
pure gidd9ess1 !y (t5 fall d[n 9 heaps  
^u "o ano!r4  ,!y h also 9 ,turky1 z    
well z ,india & ,p]sia1 pr(ess$ danc]s1 
especially ( ! female sex1 "u ! "n (    
danc+-girls1 :o are br$ up1 f _!        
*ildhood1 to ! pr(ession2 & are always  
s5t = to any great ent]ta9m5t1 public or

 private1 z at fea/s1 w$d+s1 c]emonies (
 circumcision1 &1 9 %ort1 on all        
occasions ( fe/ivity & joy4 ,!y execute 
_! dances to a simphony ( v>i\s         
in/rum5ts1 extremely resembl+ ! anti5t  
ones1 ! tympanum1 ! crotala1 ! cimbals1 
& ! l1 z well z to songs1 be+ a k9d (   
small dramatic compositions1 or :at may 
prop]ly be call$ ballads1 :i* is a true 
^w = a song at once sung & danc$3 ball>e
 signify+ to dance2 & ballata1 a song1  
compos$ to be danc$4 ,x is probable t f 
^! ea/]n k9d ( dances1 :i* are und\bt$ly
 v anti5t1 came ! "n1 among ! ,romans1 (
 balatrones4 ,no?+ c be imag9$ m        
graceful1 nor m expressive1 ?an !       
ge/ures & attitudes ( ^? danc+-girls1   
:i* may prop]ly be call$ ! eloqu5ce ( ! 
body1 9 :i* inde$ mo/ ( ! ,asiatics &   
inhabitants ( ! s\?r5 climates          
con/itutionally excel1 f a s5sibility m 
exquisite ?an is ! attribute ( ! m      
nor!rn p2 b a s5sibility ballanc$ by too
 _m disadvantages to be envi$ !m4 ,!    
,siamese1 we are told1 h ?ree dances1   

call$ ! ,cone1 ! ,lacone1 & ! ,raban4 ,!
 ,cone is a figure-dance1 9 :i* !y use  
p>ticul>ly a /r+-in/rum5t 9 ! nature ( a
 viol91 ) "s o!rs ( ! ,asiatic make4 ,^?
 :o dance are arm$ & mask$1 & seem to be
 a fight+ r ?an danc+4 ,x is a k9d (    
,indian ,pirrhic4 ,_! masks repres5t !  
mo/ frightful hide\s c\nt5ances (       
wild-bea/s1 or demons1 t fancy c inv5t4 
,9 ! ,lacone ! p]=m]s s+ commutually    
/anzes ( v]ses conta9+ ! hi/ory ( _!    
c\ntry4 ,! ,raban is a mix$ dance1 ( m5 
& wom51 n m>tial1 nor hi/orical1 b      
purely gallant2 9 :i* ! danc]s h all    
long false nails ( copp]4 ,!y s+ 9 ?is  
dance1 :i* is only a sl[ m>* )\t any    
high motions1 b ) a great _m contortions
 ( body & arms4 ,^? :o dance 9 ! ,raban 
& ,cone h high gilt caps l sug>-loaves4 
,! dance ( ! ,lacone is appropriat$ to !
 d$ication ( _! temples1 :5 a new /atue 
( _! ,sommona-codom is set up4  ,9 _m   
p>ts ( ! ,ea/1 at _! w$d+s1 9 conduct+ !
 bride f h] h\se to ! bridegroom's1 z 9 
,p]sia especially1 !y make use (        

processional music & danc+4 ,b1 9 !     
religi\s c]emonies ( ! ,g5toos1 :51 at  
/at$ times1 !y draw ! triumphal c>1 9   
:i* ! image ( ! deity ( ! fe/ival is    
c>ri$1 ! procession is int]mix$ ) troops
 ( danc]s ( bo? sexes1 :o1 proce$1 9    
*orus1 leap+1 danc+1 & fall+ into /range
 antics1 z ! procession moves along1 (  
:i* !y compose a "p2 ^! adapt _! ge/ures
 & /eps to ! s\nds ( v>i\s in/rum5ts (  
music4  ,consid]+ )al t ! ,romans1 9 _! 
mo/ solemn processions1 z 9 t call$ !   
,pompa1 :i* ,i h be=e m5tion$1 9 :i* n  
only ! ,pirrhic dance 0 processionally  
execut$1 b o!r dances1 9 masqu]ade1 by  
m5 :o1 9 _! habits1 by leap+ & by feats 
( agility1 repres5t$ satirs1 ! ,sil5i1 &
 ,fauni1 & 7 att5d$ by m9/rels play+ on 
! flute & guit>2 besides :i*1 !re 7     
,salian prie/s1 & ,salian virg9s1 :o    
foll[$1 9 _! ord]1 & execut$ _!         
respective religi\s dances2 x may be> a 
"q :e!r n an unpleas+ use might n be    
made1 on ! !atres1 ( processional dances
 prop]ly introduc$1 & connect$1         

especially 9 ! burlesque way4 ,9 e      
c\ntry1 & p>ticul>ly 9 ?is1 processions 
are e/eem$ an agreeable amusem5t to !   
eye2 & c]ta9ly !y mu/ receive m life &  
animation f a prop] int]mixture (       
dances1 ?an :at a m]e solemn m>* c      
repres5t1 :]e !re is no?+ to amuse b a  
long tra9 ( p]sonages 9 v>i\s habits1   
walk+ 9 p>ade4 ,i only m5tion ?is h[ev] 
z a h9t n impossible to be improv$1 &   
r$uc$ into practice4  ,b ev51 :]e x     
might be improp] or ridicul\s to ?9k (  
mix+ dances ) a procession1 ?\gh x 7 b 9
 burlesque1 :i* mu/1 if at all1 be !    
pref]able way ( mix+ !m1 ! pleasure ( ^?
 :o delight 9 see+ processions &        
pageantry exhibit$ on ! !atre1 might be 
gratifi$1 )\t any viol5ce to propriety1 
by mak+ !m introductory to ! dances ( ! 
gr&e/ k9d4 ,= example2 :]e a dance 9    
,*9ese *>act]s is int5d$1 a procession  
might be previ\sly br\ght 91 (          
p]sonages1 ( :om ! habits1 *>actures1 & 
mann]s might be fai?fully copi$ f       
nature1 & f ! tru? ( ?+s1 & convey to ! 

spectator a ju/] notion1 ( ! p f :i* !  
repres5tation 0 tak51 ( _! dress &      
public processions1 ?an any v]bal       
description1 or ev5 pr9ts or pictures4  
,aft] :i*1 ! dance might naturally take 
place1 9 celebration ( ! fe/ival1 ( :i*1
 ! procession might be suppos$ !        
occasion4  ,9 ord] to give a m di/9ct   
idea ( ?is h9t1 ,i h h]eto annex$ ! pr9t
 ( a ,*9ese procession tak5 f !         
description ( a travell] into t c\ntry2 
by :i* a good compos] w\ld well "k h[ to
 make a prop] *oice ( :at might be      
exhibit$1 & :at 0 fit to be left out2   
especially accord+ z ! dance %\ld be1   
s]i\s or burlesque4 ,9 ! la/ case2 ev5 !
 horses might be repres5t$ by a !atrical
 imitation4 ,& c]ta9ly1 br++ ! p]sonages
 on 9 su* a regul> procession at fir/1  
w\ld give a bett] opportunity ( obs]v+  
_! dresses1 ?an 9 ! huddl$1 confus$     
mann] ( gr\p+ !m1 t has be5 sometimes   
practis$3 to say no?+ ( ! pleasure af=d$
 to ! eye by ! procession itself4  ,!   
pr9t annex$ repres5ts ! procession ( a  

,*9ese ,m&>9 ( ! fir/ ord]4 ,fir/ appe> 
two m5 :o /rike ea* ^u a copp] in/rum5t 
call$ a gongh1 resembl+ a holl[ di% )\t 
a bord]1 :i* has pretty mu* ! effect ( a
 kettle-drum4  ,foll[ ! ensign-be>]s1 on
 ^: flags are writt5 9 l>ge *>act]s !   
,m&>9's titles ( hon\r4 ,next f\rte5    
/&>ds1 ^u :i* appe> ! prop] simbols ( 8 
(fice1 su* z ! dragon1 tig]1 pho5ix1    
fly+ tortoise1 & o!r w+$ creatures (    
fancy1 emblematically exhibit$4  ,six   
(fic]s1 be>+ a /aff head$ by an oblong  
squ>e bo>d1 rais$ high1 :]eon are writt5
 9 l>ge gold5 *>act]s ! p>ticul>        
qualities ( ?is ,m&>94  ,two o!rs be>1 !
 "o a l>ge umbrella ( yell[ silk 7!     
imp]ial color7 ( ?ree folds1 "o above ! 
o!r2 ! o!r (fic] c>ries ! case 9 :i* !  
umbrella is kept4  ,two ar*]s on        
horseback1 at ! head ( ! *ief gu>d3 !n !
 gu>ds1 arm$ ) l>ge hooks1 adorn$ ) silk
 fr+e1 9 f\r r[s "o above ano!r2 two o!r
 files ( m5 9 armor1 "s be>+ maces )    
long h&les2 o!rs1 maces 9 ! =m ( a h&1  
or ( a s]p5t3 o!rs1 equipp$ ) l>ge      

hamm]s & long hat*ets l a cresc5t4 ,o!r 
gu>ds be>+ %>p axes3 "s1 weapons l      
scy!s1 only /rait4 ,soldi]s c>ry+       
?ree-edg$ halb]ds4  ,two port]s1 c>ry+ a
 spl5did c(f]1 conta9+ ! seal ( 8 (fice4
  ,two o!r m51 beat+ ea* a gongh1 :i*   
gives notice ( ! ,m&>9's approa*4  ,two 
(fic]s1 arm$ ) /aves1 to keep (f ! cr\d4
  ,two mace-be>]s ) gilt maces 9 ! %ape 
( dragons1 & a numb] ( (fic]s ( ju/ice1 
"s equip$ ) bamboes1 a k9d ( flat       
cudgels1 to give ! ba/9ado3 o!rs ) *a9s1
 :ips1 cutlasses1 & hang]s4  ,two       
/&>d-be>]s1 & ! capta9 ( ! gu>d4  ,all  
?is equipage prec$es ! ,m&>9 or ,vic]oy1
 :o is c>ri$ 9 8 *air1 surr\nd$ ) pages 
& footm51 hav+ ne> 8 p]son an (fic] :o  
c>ries a l>ge fan 9 ! %ape ( a          
h&-fire-scre54  ,he is foll[$ by gu>ds1 
"s arm$ ) maces1 & o!rs ) long-h&l$     
sabres2 aft] :om come sev]al ensigns &  
cornets1 ) a great numb] ( dome/ics on  
horseback1 e "o be>+ "s necess>y belong+
 to ! ,m&>93 z = example1 a p>ticul>    
,t>t>ian cap1 if ! wea!r %\ld oblige him

 to *ange ! "o he has on4  ,f ! above1 x
 may appe>1 :at scope or range a compos]
 may h = ! exhibition ( processions &   
pageantry ( o!r nations1 z well z ( !   
,*9ese2 9 all :i*1 no?+ is m            
recomm5dable ?an adh]+1 9 !             
repres5tation1 z mu* z ! limitations ( !
 !atre w admit1 to ! tru? ( ?+s1 z !y   
actually pass 9 ! c\ntries :]e ! sc5e is
 laid3 :i* is b1 9 say+ o!r words1 9    
?is1 z 9 e o!r imitative bran*1 /rike to
 nature z close z possible4       ,9    
,,africa4   ,! _s ( danc+ prevails1     
almo/ beyond imag9ation1 among bo? m5 & 
wom51 9 mo/ p>ts ( ,africa4 ,x is ev5 m 
?an in/9ct1 x is a rage1 9 "s c\ntries (
 t "p ( ! globe4  ,^u ! ,gold-coa/      
especially1 ! inhabitants are s         
passionately fond ( x1 t 9 ! mid/ ( _!  
h>de/ labor1 if !y he> a p]son s+1 or   
any musical in/rum5t plaid1 !y _c refra9
 f danc+4  ,!re are ev5 well atte/$     
/ories ( "s ,negroes fl++ !mselves at ! 
feet ( an ,european play+ on a fiddle1  
entreat+ him to desi/1 unless he _h a   

m9d to tire !m to dea?2 x be+ impossible
 = !m to cease danc+1 :ile he cont9u$   
play+4 ,su* is ! irresi/ible passion =  
danc+ among !m4  ,) su* an innate       
fondness = ?is art1 "o w\ld imag9e t    
*ildr5 tak5 f ?is c\ntry1 s /rong-made &
 s well-limb$ z !y g5]ally are1 & s     
f9ely dispos$ by nature1 might1 if duly 
in/ruct$1 g great l5g?s t[>ds p]fection 
9 ! art4 ,b ,i d n rememb] to h he>d t !
 exp]im5t 0 ev] made ^u any ( !m1 by "s 
ma/] capable ( giv+ !m su* an           
improvem5t1 z "o w\ld suppose !m        
susceptible (4  ,^u ! ,gold-coa/1 !re   
long exi/$ & probably /ill exi/s a      
cu/om1 = ! great] "p ( ! inhabitants ( a
 t[n or village to assemble toge!r1 mo/ 
ev5+s ( ! ye>1 at ! m>ket-place to      
dance1 s+1 & make m]ry = an h\r or two1 
be=e b$-"t4 ,on ?is occasion1 !y appe> 9
 _! be/ attire4 ,! wom51 :o come be=e ! 
m51 h a numb] ( little bells t9kl+ at _!
 feet4 ,! m5 c>ry little fans or r :isks
 9 _! h& made ( ! tails ( elephants &   
horses1 mu* l ! bru%es us$ to bru%      

pictures2 only t !irs are gilt at bo?   
ends4 ,!y meet usually ab\t sunset4 ,_! 
music consi/s ( horn-bl[]s or trumpet]s1
 drumm]s1 play]s on ! flute1 & ! l2 be+ 
plac$ a-"p by !mselves4 ,! m5 & wom51 :o
 compose ! dance1 divide into c\ples1   
fac+ ea* o!r1 z 9 our c\ntry-dances1 &  
=m+ a g5]al dance1 fall into _m wild    
ridicul\s po/ures1 advanc+ & retreat+1  
leap+1 /amp+ on ! gr\nd1 b[+ _! heads1 z
 !y pass1 to ea* o!r1 & mutt]+ c]ta9    
words2 !n snapp+ _! f+]s1 sometimes     
speak+ l\d1 at o!r times :isp]+1 mov+ n[
 sl[1 n[ quick1 & %ak+ _! fans4  ,artus 
& ,villault add1 t !y /rike ea* ano!r's 
%\ld]s alt]nately ) ^? fans2 also t !   
wom51 lay+ /raw-ropes 9 circles on !    
gr\nd1 jump into or dance r\nd !m2 &    
click+ !m up ) _! toes1 ca/ !m 9 ! air1 
cat*+ !m z !y fall ) _! h&s4  ,!y are   
/rangely delight$ ) ^! gambols2 b d n   
c>e to be se5 at !m by /rang]s1 :o c    
sc>ce refra9 laugh+1 & consequ5tly putt+
 !m out ( c\nt5ance4  ,aft] an h\r or   
two sp5t 9 ?is k9d ( ex]cise1 !y retire 

to _! respective homes4  ,_! dances v>y 
accord+ to times1 occurr5ces1 & places4 
,^? :i* are 9 honor ( _! religi\s       
fe/ivals1 are m grave & s]i\s4 ,!re h   
be5 sometimes public dances in/itut$ by 
ord] ( _! ,k+s1 z at ,abrambo1 a l>ge   
t[n 9 ,widaw1 :]e annually1 = eight days
 toge!r1 !re resort$ a multitude ( bo?  
sexes f all p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,?is 0     
call$ ! danc+-season4 ,to ?is solemnity 
all came dress$ 9 ! be/ mann]1 accord+  
to _! respective ability4 ,! dance 0    
ridicul\s en\gh2 b x s]v$ to keep up _! 
agility ( body4 ,& amid/ all ! unc\?    
b>b>ism ( _! ge/ures & attitudes1 nature
 breaks out into "s expressions ( joy1  
or ( ! passions1 t w\ld n be unwor?y (  
an ,european's obs]vation4  ,!y h also  
_! k9d ( ,pirrhic dances1 :i* !y execute
 by mock-skirmi%+ 9 cad5ce1 & /rik+ on  
_! t>gets ) _! cutlasses4  ,i h already 
m5tion$ t x is f ,africa1 !             
,moresc-dances orig9ally came4 ,b :at is
 some:at surpris+1 ! ,portugueze        
!mselves1 among :om ,i w n h[ev] include

 ! high] ranks ( life 9 t nation1 b1 at 
lea/1 ! numb] ( ! p :o adopt$1 f !      
,caffrees1 or ,negroes ( _! ,african    
possessions1 a dance call$ by !m        
,las,cheganz1 7,approa*es7 0 s great t !
 late ,k+ ( ,portugal 0 oblig$ to       
prohibit x by a =mal edict4 ,! reason ( 
:i* 01 t "s ( ! motions & ge/ures _h s  
lascivi\s an air1 & 7 s contr>y to      
mode/y1 t ! celebrat$ ,frey ,gasp>1 a   
natural son1 if ,i mi/ake n1 ( ! late   
,k+ ( ,portugal1 repres5t$ s            
efficaci\sly to 8 ,portugueze ,maje/y1 !
 %ame & sc&al ( ?is dance be+ any long] 
suff]$1 t x 0 put d[n by royal au?ority4
 ,nor 0 ?is done )\t occasion+ heavy    
compla9ts aga9/ ,frey ,gasp>1 aga9/ :om 
!re 7 lampoons & ballads publickly sung1
 ^u 8 hav+ us$ 8 influ5ce to procure t  
prohibition4       ,9 ,,am]ica4   ,9 ?is
 "p ( ! _w1 s lately discov]$1 no?+ is a
 /rong] pro( ( ! univ]sality ( danc+1 ( 
its be+1 9 %ort1 r an human in/9ct1 ?an 
an art1 ?an ! fondness = danc+ e :]e    
diffus$ ov] ?is va/ cont95t4  ,9        

,,brazil1 ! danc]s1 :e!r m5 or wom51    
make a po9t ( danc+ b>e-head$4 ,! reason
 ( ?is is n m5tion$3 x _c h[ev] be ?\ght
 a v s]i\s "o1 s9ce no?+ c be m comical 
?an _! ge/ures1 _! contortions ( body1 &
 ! signs !y make ) ! head to ea* o!r4   
,9 ,,mexico1 !y h also _! dances &      
music1 b 9 ! mo/ unc\? & b>b>ian /ile4  
,= _! simphony !y h wood5 drums1 some?+ 
9 =m ( a kettle-drum1 ) a k9d ( pipe or 
flageolet1 made ( a holl[ cane or re$1 b
 v grat+ to an ,european e>4 ,x is      
obs]v$ !y love e ?+ t makes a noise h[  
disagreeable soev] ! s\nd is4 ,!y w also
 hum ov] some?+ l a tune1 :5 !y dance   
?irty or =ty 9 a circle1 /ret*+ out _!  
h&s1 & lay+ !m on ea* o!rs %\ld]s4 ,!y  
/amp & jump1 & use ! mo/ antic ge/ures =
 sev]al h\rs1 till !y are he>tily we>y4 
,& "o or two ( ! company sometimes /ep  
out ( ! r+1 to make sport = ! re/1 by   
%[+ feats ( activity1 ?r[+ up _! lances 
into ! air1 cat*+ !m aga91 b5d+         
backw>ds1 & spr++ =w>ds ) great agility4
 ,!n :5 !y are 9 a viol5t sweat1 f ?is  

ex]cise1 !y w frequ5tly jump into !     
wat]1 )\t ! lea/ bad consequ5ces to _!  
heal?4 ,_! wom5 h _! danc+ & music too  
by !mselves2 b nev] m+le 9 ^? ( ! m54   
,9 ,,virg9ia1 accord+ to ! au?or ( !    
hi/ory ( t c\ntry1 !y h two diff]5t k9ds
 ( danc+2 ! fir/1 ei!r s+le1 or at ! mo/
 9 small companies2 or1 secondly1 9     
great numb]s toge!r1 b )\t hav+ any     
reg>d ei!r to "t or figure4  ,9 ! fir/  
k9d "o p]son only dances1 or two1 or    
?ree at mo/4 ,:ile dur+ _! p]=mance1 !  
re/1 :o are seat$ r\nd !m 9 a r+1 s+ z  
l\d z !y c scream1 & r+ _! little bells4
 ,sometimes ! danc]s !mselves s+1 d>t   
t]ribly ?reat5+ looks1 /amp _! feet ^u !
 gr\nd1 & exhibit a ?\s& antic po/ures &
 grimaces4  ,9 ! o!r dance1 consi/+ ( a 
m num]\s company ( p]=m]s1 ! dance is   
execut$ r\nd /akes set 9 ! =m ( a       
circle1 adorn$ ) "s sculpture1 or r\nd  
ab\t a fire1 :i* !y light 9 a conv5i5t  
place4 ,e "o has 8 little bell1 8 b[ &  
arr[ 9 8 h&4 ,!y also cov] !mselves )   
leaves1 & ?us equipp$1 beg9 _! dance4   

,sometimes !y set ?ree "y wom5 9 ! mid/ 
( ! circle4  ,9 ,,p]u1 ! mann] ( danc+  
has some?+ v p>ticul>4 ,in/ead ( lay+   
any /ress on ! motion ( ! arms1 9 mo/ ( 
_! dances1 _! arms hang d[n1 or are     
wrapp$ up 9 a k9d ( mantle1 s t no?+ is 
se5 b ! b5d+ ( ! body1 & ! activity ( ! 
feet2 !y h h[ev] _m figure-dances1 9 :i*
 !y lay aside _! cloaks or mantles1 b ! 
graces !y add1 are r actions ?an        
ge/ures4  ,! ,,p]uvian ,creolians dance 
aft] ! same mann]1 )\t lay+ aside _!    
long swords1 ! po9t ( :i* !y contrive to
 keep up be=e !m s t x may n h9d] !m f  
ris+1 or 9 c\pee+1 :i* is sometimes to  
su* a degree t x looks l kneel+4  ,!y h 
a dance !re1 adopt$ f ! natives1 :i* !y 
call ,zapatas1 7%oes7 because 9 danc+ !y
 alt]nately /rike ) ! heels & toes1 tak+
 "s /eps1 & c\pee+1 z !y trav]se _!     
gr\nd4  ,among ! savages (              
,nor?-,am]ica1 we are told !re are v>i\s
 dances practis$1 su* z t ( ! calumet1 !
 lead]s dance1 ! w>-dance1 !            
m>riage-dance1 ! sacrifice-dance1 all   

:i*1 respectively diff] 9 ! movem5ts1 & 
"s1 amid/ all ! wildness ( _! p]=mance1 
are n )\t _! graces4 ,b ! dance ( !     
calumet is e/eem$ ! f9e/2 ?is is us$ at 
! reception ( /rang]s :om !y mean to    
honor1 or ( ambassadors to !m on public 
occasions4 ,?is dance is commonly       
execut$ 9 an oval figure4  ,!           
,,am]icans1 9 "s p>ts1 prescribe ?is    
ex]cise by way ( phisic1 9 _! di/emp]s3 
a me?od ( treatm5t1 n1 x seems unkn[n to
 ! anti5ts3 b1 9 g5]al1 _! motive =     
danc+1 is ! same z ) ! re/ ( ! _w1 to   
give demon/rations ( joy & welcome to _!
 gue/s1 or to div]t !mselves4 ,on "s    
occasions inde$1 !y make !m "p ( !      
c]emony at _! assemblies ^u affairs1 :5 
ev5 _! public debates are prec$$ by     
danc+1 z if !y expect$ t t ex]cise w\ld 
r\se _! m5tal faculties1 & cle> _!      
heads4 ,! w>-dance is also us$ by !m1 by
 way ( proclamation ( w> aga9/ _!       
enemies4  ,! =ego+ summ>y sket* ( "s ( !
 v>i\s dances1 :i* are practis$ 9       
diff]5t p>ts ( ! globe1 & :i*1 to       

describe univ]sally & m9utely1 w\ld fill
 :ole volumes1 may s]ve to %[ t nature  
has1 9 all p>ts ( ! inhabit$ _w1 giv5 to
 man ! in/9ct ( danc+1 z well z (       
speak+1 or ( s++4 ,b x c]ta9ly dep5ds on
 ! nations :o enc\rage ! polite arts1   
once m to c>ry x up to t pit* (         
excell5ce1 ( :i* ! hi/ory ( ! ,greeks & 
,romans %[s x to h be5 susceptible1     
among ! anti5ts1 h[ev] ! mod]ns may h   
long fall5 %ort ( x4 ,!re has inde$     
lately appe>$ a dawn+ hope ( its        
recov]y2 :i*1 t x may n be fru/rat$1 is 
! int]e/ ( all :o wi% well to an innoc5t
 & ev5 useful pleasure4       ,(        
,,pantomimes4  ,z ?is bran* ( ! art (   
danc+ is (t5 m5tion$1 especially 9 ?is  
c\ntry1 )\t a j idea be+ affix$ to x1 or
 any o!r idea ?an :at is vulg>ly tak5 f 
a species ( compositions :i* are        
sometimes exhibit$ aft] ! play1 on !    
!atre "h1 7n to m5tion ,sadl]'s wells7 &
 g by ! "n ( pantomime ent]ta9m5ts2 x   
may n be unacceptable to ! read]1 my    
lay+ d[n be=e him ! true gr\nds & nature

 ( ?is div]sion1 :i* once made s great a
 figure 9 ! !atrical sph]e ( action4  ,&
 z1 on ?is po9t1 ,monsieur ,cahusac1 an 
+5i\s ,fr5* writ]1 has treat$ !         
hi/orical "p ( x ) s mu* accuracy1 t x 0
 h>dly possible to (f] any ?+ new ^u x1 
beyond :at he has furni%$2 & t n to make
 use ( 8 rese>*es w\ld only betray me   
into a fruitless affectation (          
orig9ality1 ,i am v ready to confess1 t 
= ! be/ & greate/ "p ( :at ,i am n[ go+ 
to (f] ^u ?is subject ,i am indebt$ to 8
 production4  ,t prodigi\s p]fection to 
:i* ! anti5ts c>ri$ ! pantomime art1    
appe>$ s extraord9>y to ! celebrat$     
abbot ,du ,bos1 t1 n be+ able to        
contradict ! au?orities :i* e/abli% !   
tru? ( x1 he 0 tempt$ to consid] ! art (
 danc+ 9 ^? times z some?+ :olly diff]5t
 f :at is at pres5t und]/ood by danc+4  
,! *evali] ,ramsay places x also among !
 lo/ arts4 ,bo?1 no d\bt1 gr\nd+ _!     
op9ion on t defici5cy ( execution on !  
mod]n !atres1 comp>$ to :at is          
inconte/ably transmitt$ to u1 by hi/ory1

 ( ! excell5ce ( ! anti5t pantomimes4   
,b none h m contribut$ to e/abli% !     
op9ion ( ! pantomime art be+ an art     
totally diff]5t f t ( danc+1 & n m]ely  
an improvem5t ( x1 z 0 c]ta9ly ! case1  
?an "s ( ! pr(essors ( ! art !mselves1  
:o ev5 exclaim$ aga9/ ,m4 ,cahusac1 = 8 
attempts to give ju/] notions1 & to     
recomm5d ! revival ( x4  ,we are too apt
 to pron\nce ^u possibilities f our own 
measure ( k1 or ( capacity4 ,no?+ is m  
common ?an to he> m5 ( a pr(ession      
decl>e l\dly aga9/ any practice attempt$
 to be e/abli%$ = ! improvem5t ( _! art1
 & p]emptorily to av] su* a practice be+
 impossible1 = no o!r reason ?an t _!   
own /udy & ef=ts _h n be5 able to       
procure !m ! atta9m5t ( x4 ,9 ?is too !y
 are second$ by t cr\d ( sup]ficial p :o
 frequ5t ! !atres1 & :o c believe no?+  
beyond :at !mselves h se53 any ?+ above 
! rea* ( :at !y are accu/om$ or         
habituat$ to admire1 always seems to !m 
a *im]a4  ,! reproa* ( incr$ulity is    
commonly made to m5 ( ! greate/ k1      

because !y are n ov]-apt to admit any   
proposition )\t pro(3 b ?is reproa* may1
 ) m ju/ice1 be (t5e/ made to !         
ignorant1 :o g5]ally reject1 )\t        
discussion1 e ?+ beyond _! own n>r[     
conception4  ,to ^! x may s\nd m ?an    
/range2 x may appe> incr$ible1 t on !   
!atre ( ,a!ns1 ! dance ( ! ,eum5ides1 or
 ,furies1 _h s expressive a "*1 z to    
/rike ! spectators ) irresi/ible t]ror4 
,! ,areopagus itself %udd]$ ) horror &  
affright2 m5 gr[n old 9 ! pr(ession (   
arms1 trembl$2 ! multitude ran out2 wom5
 ) *ild misc>ri$2 p imag9$ !y saw 9     
e>ne/ ^? b>b>\s deities commission$ ) ! 
v5geance ( heav51 pursue & puni% !      
crimes ( ! e>?4  ,?is passage ( hi/ory  
is furni%$ by ! same au?ors1 :o tell u1 
t ,sophocles 0 a g5ius2 t no?+ c\ld )/& 
! eloqu5ce ( ,demo/h5es2 t ,!mi/ocles 0 
a h]o2 t ,socrates 0 ! wise/ ( m52 & x 0
 9 ! "t ( ! mo/ fam\s ( ! ,greeks t ev5 
^u ^? highly privileg$ s\ls1 9 sight (  
irreproa*able witnesses1 ! art ( danc+  
produc$ su* great effects4  ,at ,rome1 9

 ! be/ days ( ?is art1 all ! s5tim5ts   
:i* ! danc]s express$1 _h ea* a "* (    
tru?1 s great a p[]1 su* pa!tic en]gy1 t
 ! multitude 0 m ?an once se5 hurri$    
away by ! illusion1 & me*anically to    
take "p 9 ! diff]5t emotions pres5t$ to 
!m by ! animat$ picture ) :i* !y 7      
/ruck4 ,9 ! repres5tation ( ,ajax 9 a   
fr5zy1 ! spectators took su* viol5t     
impressions f ! act+-danc] :o repres5t$ 
him1 t !y p]fectly broke out1 into      
outcries2 /ripp$1 z x 71 to fight1 &    
actually came to bl[s among ea* o!r1 z  
if !y _h caught _! rage f :at 0 pass+ on
 ! !atre4  ,at ano!r "t !y melt$ into   
te>s at ! t5d] affliction ( ,hecuba4  ,&
 ^u :om 7 ^! lively impressions produc$8
 ,^u ! cotempor>ies ( ,mec5as1 (        
,lucullus1 ,augu/us1 ,virgil1 ,pollio2  
^u m5 ( ! mo/ ref9$ ta/e1 ^: criticism 0
 z sev]e z _! approbation honorable2 :o 
nev] sp>$ _! c5sure nor _! applause1 :]e
 ei!r 0 due4 ,h[1 especially "u ! eyes (
 ,horace1 c\ld any ?+ pass ! approbation
 ( ! public1 unless "u ! seal (         

excell5ce 9 po9t ( art & good ta/e8     
,w\ld ,augu/us h decl>$ himself !       
special patron ( a k9d ( ent]ta9m5t t _h
 be5 defici5t z to probability & g5ius8 
,w\ld ,mec5as1 ! protector ( ,virgil1 & 
( all ! f9e arts1 h be5 pleas$ ) a sight
 t 0 n a /rik+ imitation ( beautiful    
nature8  ,! pro(s %[n ( ! p]fection (   
danc+ at ,a!ns1 & "u ! reign ( ,augu/us1
 be+ inconte/able1 x is pla9 t :at n[   
passes = ! art ( danc+1 is z yet only 9 
its infancy4 ,to display ! arms         
gracefully1 to pres]ve ! equilibrium 9 !
 positions1 to =m /eps ) a lightness (  
air2 to unfold all ! spr+s ( ! body 9   
h>mony to ! music1 all ^! po9ts1        
suffici5t to :at may be call$ private1  
or to assembly-danc+1 are little m ?an !
 alphabet ( ! !atrical dances1 or (     
pantomime execution4 ,! /eps & figures  
are b ! lett]s & words ( ?is art4 ,a    
writ+-ma/] is "o :o tea*es ! me*anical  
"p ( =m+ lett]s4 ,a m]e danc+-ma/] is an
 arti/ :o tea*es to =m /eps4 ,b ! fir/  
is n m diff]5t f :at we call a man (    

lett]s1 or a writ]1 ?an ! second is f   
:at may des]ve on ! !atre1 ! "n (       
pr9cipal danc]4  ,besides ! necessity ( 
le>n+ 8 art elem5tally1 a danc]1 l a    
writ]1 %\ld h a /ile ( 8 own1 an orig9al
 /ile3 m or less valuable1 accord+ z he 
c exhibit1 express1 & pa9t ) elegance a 
great] or less] quantity ( ?+s          
admirable1 agreeable1 & useful4  ,spee* 
is sc>ce m expressive1 ?an ! ge/ual     
language4 ,! art ( pa9t+1 :i* places    
be=e our eyes ! mo/ pa!tic1 or ! mo/ gay
 images ( human life1 composes !m ( no?+
 b ( attitudes1 ( positions ( ! arms1   
expressions ( ! c\nt5ance1 & ( all ^!   
p>ts danc+ is compos$1 z well z pa9t+4  
,b1 z ,i h be=e obs]v$1 pa9t+ c express 
no m ?an an in/ant ( action4 ,!atrical  
danc+ c exhibit all ! successive in/ants
 x *uses to pa9t4 ,its m>* proce$s f    
picture to picture1 to :i*1 motion gives
 life4 ,9 pa9t+1 life is only imitat$2 9
 danc+1 x is always ! reality itself4   
,danc+ is1 evid5tly1 9 its nature1 an   
action ^u ! !atres2 no?+ is want+ to x b

 mean+3 x moves to ! "r1 to ! left2 x   
retrogrades1 x advances1 x =ms /eps1 x  
del9eates figures4 ,!re is only want+ to
 all ?is an arrangem5t ( ! motions1 to  
furni% to ! eye a !atrical action ^u any
 subject :atev]4  ,! hi/ory ( ! art     
proves t ! danc]s ( g5ius1 _h no o!r    
means or assi/ance 9 ! _w b ?is to      
express all ! human passions1 & !       
possibilities ( x are 9 all times1 ! v  
same4  ,bo? "h1 & 9 ,france1 !re h be5  
"s ( ^! dramatic pieces 9 action1 by    
dance1 attempt$1 :i* h be5 well receiv$ 
by ! public4  ,"s ye>s ago1 ! ,dut*ess (
 ,ma9e ord]$ simphonies to be compos$ = 
! sc5e ( ! f\r? act ( ! ,horatii2 9 :i* 
! "y ,horatius kills ,camilla4 ,two     
danc]s1 "o ( ea* sex1 repres5t$ ?is     
action at ,sceaux2 & _! dance pa9t$ x ) 
all ! en]gy & pa?os ( :i* x 0           
susceptible4  ,9 ,italy especially _m   
subjects ( a :at may be call$ l[ com$y1 
are v naturally express$ by danc+4 ,9   
%ort1 !re is h>dly any comic action b   
:at !y repres5t ^u _! !atres1 if n )    

p]fection1 at lea/ satisfactorily4 ,&   
c]ta9ly ! dance 9 action has ! same     
sup]iority ov] %e] unmean+ danc+1 t a   
f9e hi/ory-piece has ov] cutt+ fl[]s 9  
pap]4 ,9 ! la/ !re is little m requir$  
?an me*anical nicety1 &1 at ! be/1 x    
af=ds no great pret5tion to m]it4 ,b x  
is only = g5ius to ord]1 di/ribute &    
compose1 9 ! o!r4 ,a ,raphael is all[$  
to take place 9 ! ,temple ( ,fame1 by a 
,virgil2 & ! art ( danc+ is capable (   
hav+ its ,raphaels too4 ,pilades1 &     
,ba?illus 7 pa9t]s1 & great ones1 9 _!  
way4 ,picturesque composition is n less 
! duty ( a compos] ( dances1 ?an ( a    
pa9t]4  ,among ! anti5ts1 t ,pro!us1 (  
:om fabul\s hi/ory records su* wond]s1 0
 only "o ( _! danc]s1 :o1 by ! rapidity 
( 8 /eps1 by ! /r5g? ( 8 expression1 &  
by ! employm5t ( ! !atrical deceptions1 
seem$ at e in/ant1 to *ange 8 =m4 ,!    
celebrat$ ,empusa 0 a female danc]1 ^:  
agility 0 s prodigi\s t %e appe>$ &     
vani%$ l a _s4  ,b x 0 at ,rome t !     
,pantomime art receiv$ its highe/       

improvem5t4 ,pilades born 9 ,cilicia1 & 
,ba?illus ( ,alex&ria1 :]e ! two mo/    
surpris+ g5iuses1 :o1 "u ! reigns (     
,augu/us ,cs>1 display$ _! tal5ts 9 _!  
utmo/ lu/re4 ,! fir/ inv5t$ ! solemn1   
grave & pa!tic dances4 ,! compositions (
 ,ba?illus 7 9 ! lively1 gay1 &         
sprightly /ile4  ,ba?illus _h be5 !     
slave ( ,mec5as1 :o _h giv5 him 8 fre$om
 9 favor ( 8 tal5ts4 ,hav+ se5 ,pilades 
9 ,cilicia1 he engag$ him to come to    
,rome1 :]e he _h dispos$ ,mec5as 9 8    
favor1 :o1 becom+ ! decl>$ protector (  
bo?1 procur$ to !m ! enc\ragem5t ( !    
,emp]or4  ,a !atre 0 built = !m3 !      
,romans flock$ to x1 & saw1 ) surprise1 
a complete trag$y2 all ! passions pa9t$ 
) ! mo/ vigor\s /rokes ( repres5tation3 
! exposition1 plot1 cata/rophe express$ 
9 ! cle>e/ & mo/ pa!tic mann]1 )\t any  
o!r means or assi/5ce b t ( danc+1      
execut$ to ! simphonies ! be/ adapt$1 & 
f> sup]ior to any t _h be5 be=e he>d 9  
,rome4  ,_! surprise 0 n to end "h4 ,to 
?is a second ent]ta9m5t succe$$2 9 :i*  

an +5i\s action1 )\t ne$+ ! voice or    
spee*1 pres5t$ all ! *>act]s1 all !     
pleasant /rokes1 & humor\s pictures ( a 
good com$y4  ,& 9 bo? ^! k9ds1 !        
executive tal5ts ( ,pilades & ,ba?illus 
correspond$ to ! boldness & beauty ( !  
k9d ( compositions !y _h v5tur$ to br+  
on ! /age4  ,pilades especially1 :o 0 at
 ! head ( ?is project1 0 ! mo/ s+ul> man
 t _h till !n appe>$ on ! !atre4 ,8     
f]tile imag9ation con/antly suppli$ him 
) new means ( p]fect+ 8 art & embelli%+ 
8 ent]ta9m5ts4 ,a!nu m5tions 8 hav+     
writt5 a book mu* e/eem$ on ! dep?s &   
pr9ciples ( 8 art4  ,be=e him1 "s flutes
 compos$ ! or*e/ra ( ! ,romans4 ,he     
re9=c$ x ) all ! kn[n in/rum5ts4 ,he    
add$ *oruses ( dances to 8              
repres5tations1 & took c>e t _! /eps &  
figures1 %\ld always h "s relation or   
aff9ity to ! pr9cipal action4 ,he       
provid$ !m ) dresses 9 ! highe/ ta/e (  
propriety1 & omitt$ no?+ t[>ds produc+1 
keep+ up1 & pu%+ to ! highe/ pit*1 ! *>m
 ( ! !atrical illusion4  ,! actions on !

 ,roman !atres 7 tragic1 comic1 or      
satirical2 ^! la/ pretty ne>ly answ]+ to
 :at we und]/& by grotesque or f>cical4 
,esopus & ,roscius _h be51 f _!         
excell5ce 9 declamation1 ! delight &    
admiration ( ,rome4 ,b on _! leav+ no   
successors to _! degree ( m]it2 ! ta/e =
 dramatic poetry :i* 0 no long] support$
 by actors equal to !m1 began to decl9e2
 & ! !atrical dances "u su* great ma/]s 
z ,pilades & ,ba?illus1 ei!r by _!      
novelty1 or by _! m]it1 or by bo?1 made 
! ,romans ! less feel _! loss ( ^?      
incomp>able actors4 ,! ge/ual language  
took place ( t :i* 0 declaim$2 & produc$
 regul> pieces act$ 9 ! ?ree k9ds (     
trag$y1 com$y1 & f>ce or grotesque4 ,!  
spectators grew pleas$ ) su* an ex]cise 
( _! und]/&+4 ,/eps1 motions1 attitudes1
 figures1 positions1 n[ 7 sub/itut$ to  
spee*2 & !re result$ f !m an expression 
s natural1 images s resembl+1 a pa?os s 
mov+1 or a pleasantry s agreeable1 t p  
imag9$ !y he>d ! actions !y saw4 ,!     
ge/ures alone suppli$ ! place ( !       

sweetness ( ! voice1 ( ! en]gy ( spee*1 
& ( ! *>ms ( poetry499      ,footnote   
993 ,hanc p>tem ,music discipl9 ,majores
     mutam nom9runt1 qu ore clauso      
loquitur1 et quibusdam                  
ge/iculationibus facit intelligi1 quod  
vix n>rante     l+ua1 aut scriptur textu
 possit agnosci4          ,cassiod1 v>4 
#a4 #bj4      ,loquacissimas manus1     
l+uosos digitos1 sil5tium     clamosum1 
expositionem tacitam4          ,idem4   
,?is k9d ( ent]ta9m5t1 s new1 ?\gh =m$  
^u a gr\nd-"w already kn[n1 plann$ &    
execut$ by g5ius1 & adopt$ ) a          
passionate fondness by ! ,romans1 0     
call$ ! ,italic dance2 & 9 ! transports 
( pleasures x caus$ !m1 !y gave to !    
actors ( x1 ! title ( ,pantomimes4 ,?is 
0 no m ?an a lively1 & n at all exag]at$
 expression1 ( ! tru? ( _! action1 :i* 0
 "o cont9ual picture to ! eyes ( !      
spectators4 ,_! motion1 _! feet1 _! h&s1
 _! arms1 7 b s _m diff]5t p>ts ( !     
picture2 none ( !m 7 to rema9 idle2 b   
all1 ) propriety1 7 to concur to !      

=mation ( t assemblage1 f :i* result !  
h>mony1 &1 ) p>don = ! expression1 !    
happy all-toge!r ( ! composition &      
p]=mance4 ,a danc] le>n$ f 8 v "n (     
pantomime1 t he c\ld be 9 no e/eem 9    
,rome1 b s f> z he %\ld be all ! actor4 
,&1 9 fact1 ?is art 0 c>ri$ to a po9t ( 
p]fection h>d to believe2 b = su* a     
numb] ( concurr5t & au!ntic te/imonies4 
,x appe>s also cle>ly f hi/ory1 t ?is   
art1 9 its orig91 7s favor$ by an       
arbitr>y pr9ce1 & :o also made "s use ( 
x1 t[>ds e/abli%+ 8 despotism1 nay ev5  
primordially introduc$ by ,ba?illus1 a  
slave7 c\ld no long] pres]ve its great  
excell5ce1 ?an ! _s ( lib]ty 0 n :olly  
worn out 9 ! ,roman brea/s2 &1 l its o!r
 si/] arts1 gradually decay$ & sunk "u !
 subsequ5t emp]ors4  ,pilades gave a    
memorable in/ance ( ! 7z yet7 unext+ui%$
 _s ( lib]ty1 :51 ^u 8 be+ bani%$ ,rome1
 = "s "t1 by ,augu/us ,ces>1 ^u acc\nt (
 ! di/urbances ! pantomime p>ties       
occasion$1 he told him pla9ly to 8 face1
 t he 0 ungrateful = ! good 8 p[]       

receiv$1 by ! div]sion to ! ,romans f m 
s]i\s ?\ghts on ! loss ( _! lib]ty4 ,:y 
d n y1 says he1 let ! p amuse !mselves )
 our qu>rels8  ,?is danc] _h su* great  
p[]s 9 all 8 trag$ies1 t he c\ld draw   
te>s f ev5 ^? ( ! spectators ! lea/ us$ 
to ! melt+ mood4  ,b 9 tru?1 ! effect ( 
^! pantomimes1 9 g5]al1 0 prodigi\s4    
,te>s & sobs int]rupt$ (t5 !            
repres5tation ( ! trag$y ( ,glaucus1 9  
:i* ! pantomime ,plancus play$ !        
pr9cipal "*4  ,ba?illus1 9 pa9t+ ! am\rs
 ( ,l$a1 nev] fail$ ( excit+ ! utmo/    
s5sibility 9 ! ,roman ladies4  ,b :at is
 m surpris+ yet1 ,memphir1 a ,pi?agorean
 philosoph]1 z ,a!nu tells u1 express$1 
by danc+1 all ! excell5ce ( ! philosophy
 ( ,pi?agoras1 ) m elegance1 m cle>ness 
& en]gy1 ?an ! mo/ eloqu5t pr(essor (   
philosophy c\ld h done4  ,^u consid]+   
all ?is1 "o is almo/ tempt$ to say1 )   
,m4 ,cahusac1 ,we h1 ^u ! /age1 excell5t
 feet1 lively legs1 admirable arms3 :at 
a pity x is1 t ) all ?is we h s little (
 ! art ( danc+6  ,our trag$y & our com$y

 h an ext5t & duration :i* are support$ 
by ! *>ms ( spee*1 by ! int]e/+ness (   
n>ration1 by ! v>iety ( ! sallies ( wit4
 ,! action is divid$ into acts1 ea* act 
into sc5es1 ^! sc5es successively pres5t
 new situations1 & ^! situations keep up
 ! w>m? ( int]e/ & att5tion1 =m ! plot1 
lead to ! conclusion or unravelm5t1 &   
prep>e x4  ,su* mu/ h be51 or su* mu/   
be1 7b ) m precision & m>k+ness7        
trag$ies or com$ies repres5t$ by danc+2 
z ge/ure is some?+ m m>k+ & succ9ct ?an 
spee*4 ,!re are requir$ _m words to     
express a ?\ght1 b "o s+le motion may   
pa9t sev]al ?\ghts1 & situations4  ,9   
su* compositions1 !n1 made to be danc$1 
! !atrical action mu/ g =w>d ) ! utmo/  
rapidity3 !re mu/ n be "o unmean+ entry1
 figure1 or /ep 9 !m4 ,su* a piece ought
 to be a close cr\d$ ab/ract ( "s       
excell5t writt5 dramatic piece4  ,danc+1
 l pa9t+1 c only pres5t situations to ! 
eye2 & e truly !atrical situation is    
no?+ b a liv+ picture4  ,if a compos] ( 
dances %\ld und]take to repres5t ^u !   

/age any great action or !atrical       
subject1 he mu/ beg9 by mak+ an extract 
f x1 ( all ! mo/ picturesque situations4
 ,no o!r p>ts beside ^! c ent] into 8   
plan2 all ! o!rs are defective or       
useless1 !y c only emb>ras1 p]plex1     
conf\nd1 & r5d] x cold & insipid4       
,:]eas1 if ! situations succe$ "o ano!r 
naturally1 & 9 great numb]2 if _! be+   
well l9k$ toge!r conducts !m ) rapidity1
 f ! fir/ situation to ! la/1 :i* mu/   
cle>ly & /rik+ly unravel ! :ole2 ! *oice
 is complete1 & ! !atrical effect w be  
sure4  ,x is t f9al effect1 ( :i*1 9 !  
execution1 ! compos] & p]=m] mu/ nev]   
lose sight4 ,successive pictures mu/ be 
exhibit$1 & animat$ ) all ! expression t
 c result f ! impassion$ motions ( !    
dance4  ,?is 0 d\btless ! great secret (
 ! art ( ,pilades1 :o s highly excell$ 9
 8 ideas ( !atrical expression3 ?is is1 
p]haps1 too = all k9ds ( !atrical       
composition1 :e!r to be declaim$1 or to 
be execut$ by danc+1 a g5]al rule t is n
 to be slight$4  ,"o in/ance ( ! reg>d  

%ewn by ,pilades to !atrical propriety  
is pres]v$ to u1 & n unwor?y ( att5tion4
 ,he _h be5 publickly *all5g$ by ,hilas1
 once a pupil ( 81 to repres5t !        
greatness ( ,agamemnon3 ,hilas came ^u !
 /age ) busk9s1 :i*1 9 ! nature ( /ilts1
 made him ( an artificial height2 9     
consequ5ce ( :i* he greatly ov]-topp$ ! 
cr\d ( actors :o surr\nd$ him4 ,?is     
pass$ well en\gh1 'till ,pilades appe>$ 
) an air1 /]n & maje/ic4 ,8 s]i\s /eps1 
8 arms a-cross1 8 motion sometimes sl[1 
sometimes animat$1 ) pauses full (      
mean+1 8 looks n[ fix$ on ! gr\nd1 n[   
lift$ to heav51 ) all ! attitudes (     
pr(\nd p5siv5ess1 pa9t$ /rongly a man   
tak5 up ) great ?+s1 :i* he 0 m$itat+1  
weigh+1 & comp>+1 ) all ! dignity ( k+ly
 importance4 ,! spectators1 /ruck ) !   
ju/ness1 ) ! en]gy & real elevation ( s 
expressive a portraiture1 unanim\sly    
adjudg$ ! pref]5ce to ,pilades1 :o1     
coolly turn+ to ,hilas1 said to him1 ,"y
 man1 we _h to repres5t a k+ :o comm&$  
ov] tw5ty k+s3 y made him tall3 ,i %[$  

him great4  ,x 0 9 ! reign ( ,n]o1 t a  
c9ical mock-philosoph]1 call$           
,demetrius1 saw1 = ! fir/ "t1 "o ( ^!   
pantomime compositions4 ,/ruck ) ! tru? 
( ! repres5tation1 he c\ld n help       
express+ ! greate/ m>ks ( a/oni%m5t3 b  
:e!r 8 pride made him feel a sort ( %ame
 = ! admiration he _h involunt>ily %ewn1
 or :e!r naturally envi\s & selfi%1 he  
c\ld n be> ! cruel pa9 ( be+ =c$ to     
approve any ?+ b 8 own s+ul>ities2 he   
attribut$ to ! music ! /rong impression 
t has be5 made ^u him3 z1 9 t reign1 a  
false philosophy v naturally _h a great]
 influ5ce ?an ! real1 ?is man 01 x      
seems1 ( consequ5ce en\gh = ! manag]s ( 
! dances to take notice ( ?is p>tiality1
 or at lea/ to be piqu$ en\gh1 = _! own 
honor1 to lay a s*eme = undeceiv+ him4  
,he 0 once m br\ght to _! !atre1 & seat$
 9 a conspicu\s "p ( ! h\se1 )\t 8 hav+ 
be5 acqua9t$ ) _! int5tion4  ,! or*e/ra 
began3 an actor op5s ! sc5e3 on ! mom5t 
( 8 entrance1 ! simphony ceases1 & !    
repres5tation cont9ues4 ,)\t any aid b t

 ( ! /eps1 ! positions ( ! body1 !      
movem5ts ( ! arms1 ! piece is p]=m$1 9  
:i* are successively repres5t$ ! am\rs (
 ,m>s & ,v5us1 ! ,sun discov]+ !m to !  
jeal\s husb& ( ! goddess1 ! sn>es :i* he
 sets = 8 fai?less sp\se & h] =midable  
gallant1 ! quick effect ( ! trea*]\s    
net1 :i*1 :ile x compleats ! rev5ge (   
,vulcan1 only publi%es 8 %ame1 !        
confusion ( ,v5us1 ! rage ( ,m>s1 ! ar* 
mir? ( ! gods1 :o came to enjoy ! sight4
  ,! :ole audi5ce gave to ! excell5ce ( 
! p]=mance its due applause1 b ! ,c9ic1 
out ( himself1 c\ld n help cry+ out1 9 a
 transport ( delight2 ,no6 ?is is n a   
repres5tation2 x is ! v ?+ itself4  ,mu*
 ab\t ! same "t a danc] repres5t$ !     
labors ( ,h]cules4 ,he retrac$ 9 s true 
a mann] all ! diff]5t situations ( t    
h]o1 t a k+ ( ,pontus1 !n at ,rome1 & :o
 _h nev] se5 su* a sight be=e1 easily   
foll[$ ! ?read ( ! action1 & *>m$ ) x1  
ask$ ) great e>ne/ness ( ! emp]or1 t he 
w\ld let him h ) him t extraord9>y      
danc]1 :o _h made su* an impression ^u  

him4    ,d n1 says he to ,n]o1 be       
surpris$ at my reque/4 ,i h   = bord]]s 
^u my k+dom1 "s ,b>b>ian nations ^:     
language none ( my p c\ld und]/&1 nor !y
 le>n   ours4 ,su* a man z ?is danc]    
w\ld be an admirable   int]pret] betwe5 
u4  ,x w\ld !n surely be a great error  
to imag9e1 t an habitual dext]ity1 a    
daily practice1 ) _! arms1 _! legs &    
feet1 7 ! only tal5ts ( ^! pantomime    
danc]s4 ,_! execution1 )\t d\bt1 requir$
 all ^! advantages ( ! body 9 ! mo/     
em95t degree2 b _! compositions suppos$1
 & indisp5sably impli$ an inf9ite numb] 
( comb9ations :i* belong intirely to !  
m9d1 or intellectual faculties2 z =     
example1 especially an att5tive &       
judici\s disc]nm5t ( ! mo/ int]e/+ tru?s
 ( human nature4 ,h[ ext5sive a /udy ?is
 exacts1 x is m easy to conceive ?an to 
atta94  ,& surely !re is an evid5t      
necessity = /udy+ m51 be=e "o c und]take
 to pa9t or repres5t !m4 ,x is n till   
aft] a pr(\nd exam9ation ( ! passions1 t
 "o ought to flatt] "o's self )         

*>act]is+ !m purely by ! p[]s ( ext]nal 
signs ( actions4 ,all ! passions h      
aff9ities to ea* o!r1 :i* x is only = a 
great ju/ness ( und]/&+ to seize2 !y h  
%ades t di/+ui% !m1 :i* no?+ b a nice   
eye c p]ceive1 & :i* easily escape a    
sup]ficial obs]v]4  ,9 s]i\s danc+1 :]e 
! "* ( a h]o is to be giv51 !re are 9 8 
actions1 9 ! c\rse ( 8 life1 c]ta9 m>k+ 
/rokes1 c]ta9 incid5ts or extraord9>y   
passages1 :i* are subjects prop] = !    
/age1 & :i* mu/ be sep>at$ f o!rs p]haps
 m brilliant 9 hi/ory1 b :i* w\ld       
infrigidate a !atrical composition4  ,9 
! /ate ( danc+ ( our days1 ! danc]s1 &  
ev5 ! compos]s ( dances1 aspire to      
little m ?an ! me*anical "p ( _! art2 &1
 inde$1 !y h>dly "k any ?+ beyond t1 &  
_c 9 c\rse1 cultivate :at !y h no       
conception (4  ,:5 ,m4 ,cahusac wrote1  
he obs]v$ t ?is 0 suffici5t = !         
spectators1 :o requir$ no?+ m ?an a     
brilliant execution f ! danc]s 9 ! old  
track ( /eps & cap]s2 & ?is is1 9 fact1 
true ( ! great] numb] n[4 ,b lately1 !  

ta/e = dances ( action1 animat$ ) mean+ 
& convey+ ! idea ( "s fable or subject1 
has begun to ga9 gr\nd4 ,p are less tir$
 ) a dance1 9 :i* ! und]/&+ is ex]cis$1 
)\t ! fatigue ( p]plexity1 ?an by m]ely 
see+ a succession ( lively /eps1 &      
cabriols1 h[ev] well execut$2 :i*1 9    
po9t ( m]it1 be> no m proportion to t ( 
a well-compos$ dance1 ?an a tiresome    
repetition ( vignettes1 ( head-pieces & 
tail-pieces1 w\ld d to ! grav+s (       
hi/orical pieces aft] a ,raphael1 a     
,mi*ael ,angelo1 or a ,correggio4  ,z   
hi!rto ! compos] ( ! dances ( action1 h 
n be5 able to recov] t height (         
p]fection to :i* ! anti5t pantomimes    
c>ri$ _! art2 ! mo/ t any compos]s c\ld 
d1 ,i mean ) success1 7= !re h be5 "s   
attempts made1 t1 = want ( a prop] plan 
& execution1 fail$17 0 to furni% c]ta9  
dances1 9 ! nature ( poemetti or small  
dramatic poems1 :i*1 :]e ! subject (    
action has be5 cle>ly & intelligibly    
execut$1 h ev] be5 receiv$ ) ! mo/      
enc\rag+ applause by ! public4  ,& "h ! 

+5i\s au?or to :om ,i am s mu* oblig$ 9 
?is *apt]1 furni%es me ) rules (        
composition = ! dances ( action1 :i* c  
h>dly be too mu* recomm5d$4  ,all       
!atrical compositions ought to h ?ree   
ess5tial p>ts4  ,by a lively dialogue1 9
 a piece made to be spok51 or by an     
incid5t dextr\sly introduc$ 9 "o made = 
a dance 9 action1 ! spectator is to be  
prep>$ = ! subject t is to be repres5t$1
 & to h "s acqua9tance ( ! "*1 quality1 
& mann]s ( ! p]sons ( ! drama3 ?is is   
:at is call$ ! exposition4  ,!          
circum/ances1 ! ob/acles :i* arise out (
 ! gr\nd-"w ( ! subject1 embroil x1 &   
ret>d its m>* )\t /opp+ x4 ,a sort (    
emb>rasm5t =ms itself out ( ! actions ( 
! *>act]s1 :i* p]plexes ! curiosity ( ! 
spectators1 f ^: ev5 guess-"w1 ! mann]  
h[ all is to be ultimately unravell$ is 
to be kept z great a secret z possible3 
& ?is emb>rasm5t is :at is call$ ! plot4
  ,f ?is emb>rasm5t1 "o sees            
successively break =? lights1 ! m       
unexpect$1 ! bett]4 ,!y unfold ! action1

 & conduct x by ins5sible degrees to an 
+5i\s conclusion3 ?is is :at is call$ ! 
unravelm5t4  ,if any ( ^! ?ree p>ts is  
defective1 ! !atrical m]it is imp]fect4 
,if !y are all ?ree 9 due proportion1 ! 
action is complete1 & ! *>m ( !         
repres5tation is infallible4  ,z !      
!atrical dance !n is a repres5tation1 x 
mu/ be =m$ ( ^! ?ree ess5tially         
con/itutive p>ts4 ,?us x w be m or less 
p]fect1 accord+ z its exposition %all be
 m or less cle>1 its plot m or less     
+5i\s1 its unravelm5t m or less /rik+4  
,b ?is division is n ! only "o t %\ld be
 kn[n & practis$4 ,a dramatic "w is     
commonly compos$ ( five or few] acts2 & 
an act is compos$ ( sc5es 9 dialogue or 
soliloquy4 ,n[ e act1 e sc5e1 %\ld h1   
subord9ately1 its exposition1 its plot1 
& its unravelm5t1 j z ! total ( ! piece 
has1 ( :i* !y are ! p>ts4  ,s ought1    
also e repres5tation 9 danc+ to h ^?    
?ree p>ts1 :i* con/itute e ?+ t is      
action4 ,)\t _! union1 !re is no action 
t is p]fect3 a fault 9 "o ( ^? p>ts w h 

a bad effect on ! o!rs2 ! *a9 is broke2 
! picture1 :atev] beauty x may h 9 o!r  
respects1 is )\t any !atrical m]it4     
,besides ^! g5]al laws ( ! !atre1 :i*   
are 9 common to ^? compositions (       
dances1 t are to be execut$ on x1 !y are
 subject$ to o!r p>ticul> rules1 :i* are
 d]iv$ f ! primitive pr9ciples ( ! art4 
,z ! art ( danc+ ess5tially consi/s 9   
pa9t+ by ge/ures & attitudes1 !re is    
no?+ ( :at w\ld be reject$ by a pa9t] ( 
good ta/e1 t ! danc] c admit2 &1        
consequ5tially1 e ?+ t su* a pa9t] w\ld 
*use1 ought to be laid hold (1          
di/ribut$1 & prop]ly plac$ 9 a dance (  
action4  ,"h1 on ?is po9t1 recurs t nev]
 too (t5 repeat$ rule1 z infallible z x 
is pla93 let nature1 9 e ?+1 be ! guide 
( art2 & let art1 9 e ?+1 aim at imitat+
 nature3 a rule ?is1 ?an :i* !re is n "o
 m trite1 m hackney$ 9 ! !ory1 nor less 
reg>d$ 9 ! practice4  ,nature !n be+    
always ,nature1 always inv>iable 9 h]   
op]ations & productions2 !re is no false
 conclusion1 nor /ra9+ inf]5ces1 9 av]+1

 t ! art ( danc+ c\ld n b be a great    
ga9] by a revival ( ! ta/e ( ! anti5ts =
 ! pantomime bran*2 :i*1 ^u ! !atre1    
conv]t$ a transi5t fla%y amusem5t ( !   
eye1 into a rational or s5sible         
ent]ta9m5t1 & made ( danc]s1 :o are     
o!rwise1 a m]e me*anical composition (  
feet1 legs1 & arms1 )\t _s or mean+1    
arti/s =m$ to pa9t ) ! mo/ pa!tic       
expression1 ! mo/ /rik+ situations (    
human nature3 ,i am n afraid ( us+ "h ! 
t]m ( ! mo/ pa!tic expression1          
injuri\sly to ! great p[] ( !atrical    
declamation2 because ! great effect &   
*>m ( ! mom5t is1 evid5tly1 ! m likely  
to be produc$ by attitudes or ge/ures   
alone1 unsecond$ by ! voice2 = t !      
pleasure ( ! spectator w h be5 ! great] 
= ! quickness ( 8 appreh5sion n hav+    
ne$$ t help to und]/& ! mean+ ( !m4 ,&  
?is is s true ( ! =ce ( impression      
dep5d+ on t "p ( bodily eloqu5ce1 t ev5 
9 oratory1 action 01 by "o ( ! greate/  
judges ( t art1 pron\nc$ to be ! mo/    
ess5tial "p ( x4  ,?is may be1 p]haps1  

an exagg]ation3 b :5 p resort to a !atre
 to unb5d1 or relax1 !y w h>dly ?9k _!  
pleasure ta/elesly div]sifi$ by a f9e   
pantomime execution ( a dramatic        
composition1 to ! p]fection ( :i*1      
poetry1 music1 pa9t+1 decoration1 &     
ma*9]y w h all contribut$ _! respective 
cont+5ts4  ,= ! subjects ( ^! poetical  
dances1 ! compos] w und\bt$ly f9d ^? :i*
 are ! mo/ likely to please1 9 fabul\s  
hi/ory1 especially = ! s]i\s1 or pa!tic 
/ile4 ,?is we f9d 0 ! great res\rce ( ! 
anti5ts1 :o _h1 9 t po9t1 a consid]able 
advantage1 f :i* ! mod]ns are exclud$1  
by ! anti5t mi?ology hav+ lo/ t effect1 
& w>m? ( int]e/1 :i* accompani$ all     
transactions tak5 f x by _! poets1 &    
br\ght ^u ! !atre4 ,! h]oes ( antiquity1
 ! m>vell\s ( _! deities1 & ! hi/ories (
 _! am\rs1 or ( _! exploits1 c nev] make
 ! same impression on ! mod]ns s        
?or\ghly diff]+ 9 mann]s & ways ( ?9k+1 
f ^?1 to :om su* exhibitions 7 a k9d (  
dome/ic1 & ev5 religi\s remembranc]s4 ,!
 spectators ( ^? times 7 m at home to   

:at !y saw repres5t$ ^u _! !atres2 !    
gr\nd-"w ( ! fable repres5t$ to !       
audi5ce be+ g5]ally =ekn[n1 contribut$  
greatly to ! quickness ( _! appreh5sion2
 & its be+ "p ( _! receiv$ !ology1 & (t5
 ( ! hi/ory ( _! own c\ntry1 procur$ x !
 m favorable att5tion4  ,! greate/ "p ( 
^! advantages are want+ 9 ! employm5t ( 
^! fictions among ! mod]ns2 & to :i*    
h[ev] !y are1 9 "s measure1 compell$ to 
h rec\rse1 = want ( !atrical subjects   
/rik+ en\gh to be agreeably ?r[n into a 
dance2 by :i* ,i d n mean to exclude all
 subjects t h n ^? poetical fictions (  
,greek & ,roman antiquity = a basis2 on 
! contr>y1 x might ju/ly pass = a       
b>r5ness ( inv5tion1 ! be+ r$uc$        
con/antly to borr[ f !m1 b purely to    
po9t out a treasure1 ev] op5 to ! arti/ 
:o %all "k h[ to make a selection )     
judgm5t & ta/e3 always rememb]+1 t ! m  
univ]sally ! fable is =ekn[n1 ! m easy w
 ! task be ( r5d]+ x intelligible 9 !   
execution4  ,!re are1 d\btless1 "s p>ts 
( ! anti5t mi?ology s obscure1 & s      

little kn[n1 t any plan tak5 f !m1 w\ld1
 to ! g5]ality ( ! spectators1 be z     
great a novelty1 z if ! compos] _h      
himself inv5t$ ! subject4 ,!re are o!rs 
aga9 ( :i* all ! int]e/ is entirely     
antiquat$ & explod$4  ,z to ! pieces (  
composition 9 ! comic ve91 !re is no?+ l
 tak+ ! subject ( !m f ! mo/ agreeable &
 ! mo/ m>k+ occurr5ces 9 real1 curr5t   
life2 & ! /rong] !y are ( ! mann]s &    
practice ( ! times1 ! ne>] !y w seem to 
! tru? ( nature1 & ! sur] at once to be 
und]/ood1 & to h a pleas+ effect4  ,& "h
 ,i %all take ! lib]ty ( conclud+ ) (f]+
 two in/ances ( poetic dances2 ! "o 9 ! 
s]i\s1 ! o!r 9 ! comic ve91 :i* are     
furni%$ r z h9ts ( ! improvable nature (
 su* compositions1 ?an 9 ! lea/ meant = 
models ( !m4     ,! fir/ has = title1   
,,v5us & ,,adonis4  ,! decoration       
repres5ts a wood int]sect$ by sev]al    
walks1 :i* =m an agreeable p]spective ( 
di/ances4 ,at ! bottom ( ! !atre1 & 9 ! 
middle1 !re is a gr& walk1 t]m9at$ by a 
small m\nt1 on ! summit ( :i* is se5 a  

colonnade1 t =ms ! p]i/ile ( a temple4  
,v5us1 prec$$ by ! ,graces & sev]al     
nimphs1 comes out ( ! temple1 desc5ds ! 
m\nt1 & advances to ! front ( ! wood2 ! 
simphony to be ! mo/ agreeable &        
melodi\s imag9able1 to ann\nce ! arrival
 ( ! goddess ( love4  ,! ,graces & !    
nimphs op5 ! action1 &1 by _! ge/ures & 
/eps1 express _! endeav\r to soo? !     
impati5ce ( ,v5us on ! abs5ce ( ,adonis4
 ,! agitation 9 :i* %e is1 ought to be  
pa9t$ on h] c\nt5ance1 & express$ by !  
discomposure ( h] /eps1 m>k+ h] anxiety 
& desire ( see+ h] lov]4  ,! s\nd ( !   
*ace is he>d1 :i* betok5s ! approa* (   
,adonis4 ,joy breaks =? 9 ! eyes1 !     
ge/ures1 & /eps ( ,v5us & h] tra94      
,adonis1 foll[$ by sev]al hunt]s1 ent]s 
?r\gh "o ( ! side-walks ( ! wood4 ,v5us 
runs to meet him1 & seems to *ide him = 
hav+ be5 s long away4 ,he %[s h] ! head 
( a /ag1 :i* he has kill$1 & :i* is     
c>ri$1 z 9 triumph1 ^u a hunt+-pole1 by 
"o ( ! hunt]s2 & (f]s x1 z ! fruit ( 8  
*ace1 9 homage to ! goddess1 :o is      

pres5tly appeas$1 & graci\sly receives 8
 (f]+4 ,^! two lov]s !n express 9 a     
pas-de-deux1 _! mutual satisfaction4  ,!
 hunt]s mix ) ! ,graces & nimphs1 & =m a
 dance :i* *>act]ises _! h>mony4  ,soon 
a noisy simphony1 ( milit>y in/rum5tal  
music1 gives w>n+ ( ! arrival ( ,m>s4   
,v5us1 ,adonis1 ! ,graces1 ! nimphs1 &  
hunt]s1 %[ signs ( uneas9ess & t]ror4   
,m>s1 foll[$ by sev]al w>riors1 ent]s   
precipitately ?r\gh a walk opposite to t
 by :i* ,adonis & ! hunt]s came4 ,v5us  
sep>ates f ,adonis1 hav+ insi/$ on 8    
gett+ out ( ! way ( ! =midable god ( w>4
 ,he )draws ) 8 tra9 by ! same way z he 
came4 ,m>s1 inrag$ ) jeal\sy1 makes a   
%ew ( go+ to pursue ,adonis4 ,v5us /ops 
him1 & employs1 9 h] soo?+ & c>esses1   
all ! usual arts ( appeas+ & bl9d+ a    
jeal\s lov]4 ,%e prevails at l5g?1 n    
only to dissipate 8 passion1 b to make  
him believe himself 9 ! wrong = hav+ be5
 jeal\s4  ,! w>riors address !mselves to
 ! ,graces & nimphs1 & =m toge!r a dance
 expressive ( a sort ( reconciliation2  

aft] :i* ,m>s & 8 tra9 return by ! same 
way z !y came4  ,v5us1 ! ,graces1 & !   
nimphs1 see !m g1 & :5 !y are got a     
little di/ance f !m1 te/ify _!          
satisfaction at hav+ got s well ov] ?is 
int]ruption4  ,adonis returns alone3    
,v5us spr+s to meet him1 & gives him to 
und]/& t he has n[ no?+ to fe>2 t ,m>s w
 n return 9 ha/e4  ,9 ! same walk f :i* 
,adonis came1 ! hunt]s ( 8 tra9 are se5 
pursu+ a wild bo>1 t tries to escape j  
by :]e ! ,graces & ! nimphs are1 :o1 9  
_! fright1 attempt to fly f him3 b he is
 already s ne> !m1 t !y d n "k h[ to    
avoid him4 ,adonis runs ha/ily to pi]ce 
! bo> ) 8 javel92 b ! bo> gets him      
himself d[n4 ,! hunt]s arrive at t      
in/ant1 & kill ! bo>2 b ,adonis is      
nev]!less mortally w\nd$1 & expires4    
,"h x is t ! music & ! dance are to     
display _! respective p[]s3 ! "o by !   
mo/ pla9tive m\rnful s\nds2 ! o!r by    
ge/ures & /eps 9 :i* grief & despair are
 /rongly *>act]is$1 ought to express !  
pr(\nd affection into :i* ,v5us is      

plung$1 & ! %>e ! ,graces1 ! nimphs1 & !
 hunt]s take 9 x4  ,v5us appe>s to      
implore ! aid ( all ! gods1 to re/ore h]
 lov] to h]4 ,%e ba!s him ) h] te>s1 &  
^? preci\s te>s h su* a virtue1 t       
,adonis appe>s all ( a sudd5 trans=m$   
into an anemony or w9d-fl[]4  ,! ,graces
 & ! nimphs express _! surprise2 b !    
a/oni%m5t ( ! hunt]s %\ld be yet m      
/rongly m>k$4  ,v5us h]self is n ! m    
com=t$ by ?is metamorphosis4 ,a fl[] _c 
well supply ! place ( h] lov]4 ,%e turns
 !n h] eyes t[>ds ! e>?1 & seems to     
invoke ! p[] ( "s deity inhabitant ( its
 b[els4  ,! fl[] disappe>s2 ! e>? op5s1 
& ,pros]p9e rises out ( x1 sitt+ on a   
*>iot drawn by black horses1 & hav+ at  
h] side ,adonis re/or$ to life4  ,x is  
natural to imag9e ! joy t is at ?is to  
be express$1 by ! simphony1 by !        
ge/ures1 & /eps ( ,v5us1 ( ! ,graces1 ! 
nimphs1 & hunt]s4  ,pros]p9e1 gett+ out 
( h] *>iot1 hold+ ,adonis by ! h&1      
pres5ts him to ,v5us4 ,a pas-de-trois or
 trio-dance foll[s1 9 :i* ! joy ( ! two 

lov]s at see+ "o ano!r aga9 is to be    
*>act]is$ by all ! expression1 & all !  
graces ( ! mo/ pleas+ dance1 :ile       
,pros]p9e te/ifies h] satisfaction at   
hav+ produc$ ! re-union3 aft] :i*1 %e   
gets into h] *>iot1 & re-desc5ds into ! 
e>?4  ,! ,graces1 ! nimphs1 & hunt]s1   
express h[ highly !y are *>m$ at see+   
,adonis aga92 ,v5us & ,adonis =m a      
pas-de-deux1 or duet-dance1 9 :i* !     
,goddess takes (f h] girdle or ce/us1 & 
puts x ^u ,adonis1 9 ! way ( a          
%\ld]-belt1 or z n[ ! ribbons ( mo/     
ord]s ( knight-hood are worn1 :i* is to 
him a simbol ( immortality4  ,! ,graces 
& nimphs te/ify to ,adonis h[ pleas$ !y 
are to see him receiv$ into ! numb] ( ! 
demi-gods3 ! hunt]s pay _! homage to    
him1 & ! :ole concludes by a g5]al      
c\ntry-dance4     ,! o!r specim5 has =  
title1    ,! ,,coquette ,,puni%$4  ,!   
decoration repres5ts a delici\s g>d51 9 
:i* !re are sev]al comp>tm5ts1 sep>at$  
by canals & jet-d'eaux4 ,?is sc5]y %\ld 
exhibit ! prospect ( at once a          

pleasure-g>d51 & a fruit-"o4  ,9 !      
bottom ( ?is p]spective1 !re appe>      
sev]al g>d5]s busi$1 "s 9 prun+ ! h$ges1
 o!rs 9 s[+ & plant+3 m t[>ds ! front   
are se51 "s wom5 at "w1 ty+ up ! fl[]s1 
or clean+ !m f p]nici\s leaves2 o!rs    
sett+ roots 9 vases4 ,all ?is =ms !     
sc5ical picture at ! draw+ up ! curta94 
,a simphony mix$ ) ! mo/ rural in/rum5ts
 ( music1 beg9s ) s(t & soo?+ airs4  ,"o
 ( ! female g>d5]s1 m %[i%ly dress$ ?an 
! o!rs1 & :o is employ$ ^u "s necess>y  
task ab\t ! fl[]-vases1 seems h[ev] m   
att5tive to ! admir+ ! fl[]s1 ?an to d  
h] "w3 & z %e is /&+ ne> a canal1 %e is1
 :5 %e imag9es none are tak+ notice (   
h]1 look+ at h] figure 9 ! wat]y mirror1
 admir+ h]self1 & adju/+ h] dress4 ,?\gh
 %e does all ?is by /eal?1 h] companions
 rem>k h] coquettry1 make signs to ea*  
o!r1 & po9t h] out to ! g>d5]s1 :o jo9 !
 laugh at h]1 )\t ! coquet's p]ceiv+ x1 
:o is too mu* tak5 up ) h]self4  ,!     
simphony %\ld express by ! s\nds1 z     
ne>ly z possible1 ! mock]y & bur/s (    

laught] f ! re/ ( ! g>d5]s4  ,! coquet  
is sadly tempt$ to ga!r "s ( ! fl[]s =  
h] own use1 b d>es n4 ,9 ! mom5t t %e is
 express+ ! greate/ m9d = x1 ent]s a    
g>d5]1 :o is n "o ( ^? employ$ at "w1 & 
:o makes up to h]1 %[s h] a f9e nosegay1
 & signifies to h] t he is come on      
purpose to (f] x h]4 ,! coquet          
imm$iately leaves (f h] "w2 & ?is       
pas-de-deux beg9s by all ! little       
grimaces & false coyness t ! coquette   
opposes to h] acceptance ( ! nosegay1 b 
:i* at ! same "t only ! m betray ! m9d  
%e has = x4 ,! g>d5] keeps press+ h] to 
receive x4 ,h] companions1 curi\s to see
 h[ ?is w end1 advance little by little 
t[>ds !m3 ! g>d5]s foll[ !m2 & all      
surr\nd+ ! coquette & h] swa91 =m a     
dance1 9 :i* ! m5 seem to excite ! lov] 
n to take a d5ial1 & ! wom5 want to     
engage ! coquette to receive ! nosegay2 
b all ?is1 ) a bant]+ air3 at l5g? !    
coquette accepts x1 /icks "s ( ! fl[]s 9
 h] hair1 & ! re/ 9 h] bosom4 ,h]       
companions & ! g>d5]s1 %ew by _! signs1 

t !y 7 v sure %e w\ld take ! nosegay &  
return to _!1 "w4  ,ano!r g>d5] n[      
ent]s1 on ! side opposite to t on :i* ! 
fir/ came1 & advanc+ ) an air ( gaiety1 
pres5ts to ! coquette1 a small basket ( 
f9e fruit4 ,9 ?is pas-de-trois1 %e      
a-fre% makes a great _m faces1 ab\t :e!r
 %e w take ! fruit or n4 ,! swa9 ( !    
nosegay expresses 8 vexation at !       
int]v5tion ( ?is rival1 b ! coquette    
manages s well t %e pacifies 8 jeal\sy1 
& accepts ! o!r's basket ( fruit1 :i* %e
 hangs ^u h] arm4 ,! g>d5]s d n quit _! 
"w1 b !y give to und]/& by %rewd signs1 
:at !y ?9k ( ! coquette's game4  ,x is  
easy to conceive1 t ! compos] ( ?is     
music w1 9 ! airs made = ! pas-de-deux1 
& pas-de-trois1 pay att5tion to !       
diff]5t affections t are to be *>act]is$
 by ! dance4  ,:ile ! g>d5] :o br\ght ! 
nosegay1 & ! o!r :o pres5t$ ! fruit1 & !
 coquette1 are all seem+ly 9 good       
h>mony1 ent]s a ?ird g>d5]1 gallantly   
dress$1 ( a mo/ engag+ figure1 hav+ 9 8 
h&s "s p9k-&-silv] ribbons4  ,! simphony

 %\ld ann\nce ! arrival ( ?is amiable   
g>d5]1 by an air all expressive (       
briskness & gay gallantry4  ,! gallant  
g>d5] approa*es ! coquette1 & %ews h] ^?
 glitt]+ ribbons1 :i* at once cat* h]   
eye1 & give h] a viol5t long+ = !m4 ,?is
 new-com] takes notice ( ! fl[]s 9 h]   
hair & bosom1 & ( ! fruit-basket hung ^u
 h] arm4 ,he gives h] pla9ly to und]/& t
 %e mu/ return all ?is to 8 rivals1 if  
%e has a m9d to h ! ribbons4 ,^! beg9 to
 express _! res5tm5t2 b ! coquette is s 
transport$ ) ! pleasure ( b$iz5+ h]self 
) ^? ribbons1 t no reg>d c )-hold h]3 %e
 returns ! fl[]s to ! "o1 & ! fruit to !
 o!r1 & takes ! ribbons4 ,! two g>d5]s1 
:o see !mselves slight$ 9 ?is mann]1    
?reat5 him :o has giv5 ! ribbons1 & ?r[ 
!mselves into attitudes ( fall+ ^u him2 
at :i* he puts on a resolute look1 &    
does n seem to fe> !m4 ,h] companions & 
! g>d5]s leave _! "w1 & advance "s /eps 
=w>ds1 be+ curi\s to see h[ ! sc5e w    
end4  ,! simphony %\ld "h express1 by   
diff]5t airs1 ! res5tm5t ( ! two fir/   

swa9s1 & ! res5tm5t ( ! gallant g>d5]4  
,! coquette uses h] be/ arts to pacify !
 two angry g>d5]s2 b x is all 9 va92 !y 
express _! indignation1 & are det]m9$ to
 take _! rev5ge ^u _! rival4 ,j 9 !     
in/ant t !y are prep>+ to attack him1 & 
t he is /\tly /&+ ^u 8 def5ce1 comes 9 a
 female g>d5]1 amiable1 lively1 b )\t   
any m>k ( coquettry 9 h] looks or dress2
 :o1 by ! eag] & fright5$ air ) :i* %e  
int]poses1 & places h]self betwe5 !     
gallant g>d5] & ! o!rs1 to prev5t _!    
hurt+ him1 discov]s ! t5d] reg>d %e has 
= him4  ,! two o!rs1 9 respect to ?is   
*>m+ girl1 d>e n proce$2 b !y give h] to
 und]/& t ! coquette has be5 s base z to
 return ! fl[]s to ! "o1 & ! fruit to ! 
o!r1 t %e might get ! ribbons f ! g>d5] 
:om %e is protect+ f _! j res5tm5t4  ,at
 ?is ! (f5d$ fair "o expresses to h]    
lov] h] indignation1 b does n ! less = t
 make ! o!rs s5sible t %e w n suff] !m  
to hurt him4 ,%e snat*es next1 f !      
coquette1 ! ribbons4 ,! :ole company    
r\nd te/ify _! approbation ( :at %e has 

done1 ev5 ! two g>d5]s1 :o 71 ! mom5t   
be=e1 s angry1 bur/ out a-laugh+ = joy1 
to see ! coquette s well puni%$1 be+ n[ 
left )\t fl[]s1 fruit1 or ribbons2 at   
:i* %e )draws1 ov]:elm$ ) confusion1 & )
 ! l\d laugh & rally+ ge/ures ( h]      
companions & ! o!r g>d5]s4  ,! gay      
g>d5]1 vex$ at hav+ be5 surpris$ by 8   
mi/ress1 9 an act ( gallantry to ano!r  
woman1 wants to pass x (f to h] z m]ely 
a s*eme to amuse himself1 & to laugh at 
! coquette4 ,at fir/ %e w n he> him2 %e 
treads ! ribbons "u h] feet1 & is go+   
away 9 a passion4 ,he /ops h]1 &        
entreats h] =giv5ess ) an air s mov+ &  
p5etrat$1 t1 little by little1 %e is    
dis>m$ ( h] ang]1 & p>dons him1 9 sign (
 :i* %e gives him h] h&4  ,!re is no ne$
 ( specify+ "h :at ! dance 9 action1    
accompani$ by ! music1 %\ld express 9   
?is pas-de-deux2 x is too obvi\s4  ,!   
g>d5]s1 m5 & wom51 te/ify _! rejoic+ at 
?is reconciliation1 & ! dance becomes   
g5]al4      ,,f9is4          99       99
       99       99       99             

99       99       99       99        99 
99       99       99       99   ,,spell+
 ,,notes3  ,! ^w ,salii 0 consi/5tly    
pr9t$ z ,sal 7u ) umlaut72 x has be5    
correct$ = ! e-text4 ,! ^w ,prsul 0     
pr9t$ 9 italics & may h read ,proesul   
7oe = ae ligature72 x is "h giv5 ! /&>d 
spell+4  ,a numb] ( words usually spell$
 ) y are writt5 ) i 9 ?is text3 nimph1  
mi?1 simbol2 & names su* z ,pilades1    
,hilas4  ,! =m ,hetruscans is us$       
consi/5tly4   ,"s ,v>iations &          
,anomalies3    "* is sometimes spell$   
*>ract] or c>act]   direct & dirrect bo?
 occur   )all is m common ?an )al       
emb>ras is consi/5tly spell$ ) "o s     
exag]ate is almo/ always spell$ ) "o g  
*oregraphy is always writt5 )\t ! second
 o   ge/ual is n an error = ge/ural b a 
diff]5t ^w   ,,errors1 not$ or correct$3
    ,all duplications occur across a l9e
 break 7( _/ ( 44474    div]t+ ! ,romans
 f s]i\s ?\ghts  ?\ghs   twirl+ x1 or ) 
a pail to draw wat]  a a pail   ,voi gli
 corr]ete dietro  ,voigli   ,!n h&+ y   

backw>ds     cat*word has ,!re = ,!n    
specify+ rules = its atta9m5t  = =   mu/
 be /rictly =bidd5  fobidd5   a va9     
silly h9t ( self-recomdation2     text  
un*ang$3 recom_/dation at l9e break     
no?+ is m /rongly inculcat$  /ongly     
,p]sons ( e size or %ape  ( (           
inhabitants ( ! s\?r5 climates  spell+  
un*ang$   call$ by !m ,las,cheganz1     
spac+ un*ang$   7n to m5tion ,sadl]'s   
wells7  capitalization un*ang$   n be+  
able to contradict ! au?orities         
pr9t$ be_/+ at l9e break )\t hyph5      
adopt$ ) a passionate fondness by !     
,romans  adop$   ! ob/acles :i* arise   
out ( ! gr\nd-"w      pr9t$ our (1      
correct$ by h& to out (   & /eps ( ,v5us
  ( (