,,mak+ ,a   ,,rock ,,g>d5       ,,!     
,,h\se  ,,g>d5   ,,mak+   ,,books   ,x  
is ! int5tion ( ! publi%]s to make ?is  
s]ies ( little volumes1 ( :i* ,mak+ a   
,rock ,g>d5 is "o1 a complete libr>y (  
au?oritative & well illu/rat$ h&books   
deal+ ) ! activities ( ! home-mak] &    
amateur g>d5]4 ,text1 pictures &        
diagrams w1 9 ea* respective book1 aim  
to make p]fectly cle> ! possibility (   
hav+1 & ! means ( hav+1 "s ( ! m        
important features ( a mod]n c\ntry or  
suburban home4 ,among ! titles already  
issu$ or plann$ = e>ly publication are !
 foll[+3 ,mak+ a ,rose ,g>d52 ,mak+ a   
,lawn2 ,mak+ a ,t5nis ,c\rt2 ,mak+ a    
,fireplace2 ,mak+ ,pa?s & ,driveways2   
,mak+ a ,p\ltry ,h\se2 ,mak+ a ,g>d5 )  
,hotb$ & ,coldframe2 ,mak+ ,built-9     
,bookcases1 ,%elves & ,seats2 ,mak+ a   
,g>d5 to ,bloom ,?is ,ye>2 ,mak+ a ,wat]
 ,g>d52 ,mak+ a ,g>d5 ( ,p]5nials2 ,mak+
 ! ,gr\nds ,attractive ) ,%rubb]y2 ,mak+
 a ,naturaliz$ ,bulb ,g>d52 ) o!rs to be
 ann\nc$ lat]4   ,illu/ration3 ,a ne>ly 

buri$ b\ld] is easily conv]t$ into a    
beautiful little rock g>d54 ,fill 9     
depressions ) soil & plant !re & ar\nd !
 edges ( ! b\ld] ,phlox subulata1 s$um1 
arabis1 etc4       ,,mak+ ,a   ,,rock   
,,g>d5    ,by ,h4 ,s4 ,,adams           
,decoration    ,,new ,,york             
,mc,b,r,i,d,e1 ,,na/  ,,company   #aiab 
,,copyright1 #aiab1 ,,by   ,,mcbride1   
,,na/  ,,co4    ,publi%$ ,may1 #aiab    
,,cont5ts                               
,,page    ,,! ,,rock ,,g>d5             
#a    ,,! ,,*oice ,,( ,a ,,site         
#f    ,,! ,,"w ,,( ,,con/ruction        
#ac    ,,plant+ ,,! ,,g>d5              
#bd    ,,plants ,,= ,a ,,rock ,,g>d5    
#cb    ,,! ,,wall ,,g>d5                
#de    ,,wat] ,,& ,,bog ,,g>d5s         
#ej     ,,! ,,illu/rations    ,,an      
,,outcropp+ ,,b\ld] ,,conv]t$           
,frontispiece     ,,into ,a ,,rock      
,,g>d5                                  
,,fac+                                  
,,page    ,a ,,flight ,,( ,,/eps ,,?r\gh
 ,,rock ,,"w                  #h    ,,an

 ,,example ,,( ,,good ,,rock ,,g>d5+    
#af    ,a ,,small ,,bit ,,( ,,rock ,,"w 
,,:]e ,,two ,,pa?s ,,div]ge    #bf      
,,foam ,,fl[] ,,& ,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,small] 
,,f]ns            #cd    ,,! ,,rock     
,,g>d5 ,,built ,,along ,a ,,ma9 ,,curv+ 
,,pa?     #db    ,a ,,wall ,,g>d5       
,,plant$ ,,9 ,,colonies                 
#df    ,a ,,f\nta9 ,,9 ,a ,,wall ,,g>d5 
#ej          ,,mak+ ,a   ,,rock ,,g>d5  
,mak+ a ,rock ,g>d5  ,,! ,,rock ,,g>d5  
,9 ,europe1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,engl&1 ! rock 
g>d5 is an e/abli%$ in/itution ) a      
di/9ct foll[+4 ,! ,engli% works on !    
subject alone =m a consid]able          
bibliography4  ,on ?is side ( !         
,atlantic1 ! rock g>d5 is s little      
und]/ood t x is an almo/ unconsid]$     
factor 9 ! beautify+ ( ! home gr\nds4   
,!re are a few notable rock g>d5s 9 ?is 
c\ntry1 all on l>ge e/ates1 & 9 m       
in/ances "s excell5t "w has be5 done on 
a small] & less complicat$ scale ei!r by
 actual creation or by tak+ advantage ( 
natural opportunities4 ,b = ! mo/ "p    

,am]ica has conf9$ its rock g>d5 vision 
pr9cipally to ! s-call$ rock]y4  ,n[ a  
rock]y1 ) all ! good int5tions ly+ beh9d
 x1 is n a rock g>d54 ,x is no m a rock 
g>d5 ?an a l9e ( c$>s plant$ 9 an exact 
circle w\ld be a wood4 ,a rock]y is     
g5]ally a lot ( /ones /uck 9 a pile (   
soil or1 worse yet1 a circul> array (   
/ones fill$ 9 ) soil4  ,a rock g>d51    
above all else1 is n artificial2 at     
lea/1 s f> z appe>ance goes4 ,x is a    
g>d5 ) rocks4 ,! rocks may be few or _m1
 !y may h be5 dispos$ by nature or ! h& 
( man2 b always ! effect is naturali/ic1
 if n actually natural4 ,! rock g>d5's  
"o & only cre$ is nature4  ,rock g>d5s  
are ( s _m legitimate--9 o!r words1     
natural--types1 t !re is n ! slighte/   
excuse = a rock]y4 ,ev5 t commone/ (    
excuses1 f9d+ a use = /ray /ones1 falls 
to ! gr\nd4 ,any close obs]v] ( nature  
is famili> ) ^! types4 ,! natural rock  
g>d5s range f ! pat*es ( alp9e plants   
above ! timb] l9e 9 high m\nta9s d[n !  
l[] slopes & ?r\gh defiles to fields on 

or ne> sea level4 ,n infrequ5tly !y come
 d[n to ! v sea1 :ile sweet wat]s       
commonly def9e &1 :at is bett]1 are n[ &
 !n incorporat$ 91 !m--"h a pool1 !re a 
brook4 ,! bog1 too1 ! hea? & ! des]t1 !y
 take unto !mselves1 ?\gh p]haps only ! 
ne>] edge4 ,& does man1 by pond]\s ef=t1
 raise up massive masonry 9 ord]ly      
fa%ion2 "o day disord] comes & nature   
makes ?+s look natural by ano!r k9d (   
rock g>d54 ,rome's ,coliseum & ! ru9s ( 
,k5ilwor? ,ca/le are only two ( !       
unnumb]$ examples ( ?is4  ,"h1 9 a      
nut%ell1 are n only ! natural v>iations 
( ! rock g>d51 b ! inspiration4 ,no rock
 g>d5 wor?y ( ! "n has ev] be5 creat$ by
 man t did n dep5d ^u a /udy ( ^? t     
nature has giv5 ! _w 9 prodigal         
abundance4 ,!re 7 ! :y & ! h[ ( x all1 &
 man simply saw & made use ( 8          
obs]vations4  ,! advantages ( a rock    
g>d5 are1 prim>ily1 an elem5t (         
picturesqu5ess t no?+ else c provide1 & 
! possession ( a place 9 :i* c be gr[n  
"s ( ! lovelie/ fl[]s on e>? t1 if !y   

fl\ri% at all1 w nev] d z well 9 !      
ord9>y g>d5 z 9 conditions m or less    
approximat+ _! natural habitat4 ,also x 
may be made a pleasance ( extraord9>y   
attractiv5ess4 ,occasionally--& "h is "o
 ( ! mo/ important ?+s to be le>n$ ab\t 
! rock g>d5--x is ! v]itable key to !   
g>d5 situation2 !re are small places :]e
 no o!r k9d is wor? :ile1 if inde$ x is 
possible4     ,,! ,,*oice ,,( ,a ,,site 
,! be/ site = a rock g>d5 is :]e x ought
 to be4 ,t is a sad tru?1 = x elim9ates 
"s homes f ! game2 b useless wa/e ( "t w
 be sav$ if ?is is recogniz$ at !       
outset4 ,fir/ ca/ y\r eye ab\t & see if 
y h a spot :]e a rock g>d5 w\ld look z  
if x belong$ !re2 t is ! supreme te/4   
,if "o does n seem to belong !re1 give  
up ! idea philosophically & take x out 9
 enjoy+ ! rock g>d5s ( o!r p4  ,z a rule
 a rock g>d5 %\ld n be ne> ! h\se2 x is 
some?+ savor+ ( ! wild t does n fit 9 ) 
mo/ ar*itecture4 ,exceptions are :5 !   
h\se is on a rocky site t makes su*     
plant+ desirable1 if n imp]ative1 & a   

slope f ! re> or "o side ( a h\se t     
seems decid$ en\gh to p]mit ( a %>p     
break 9 ! g5]al l&scape treatm5t4 ,save 
9 ^! circum/ances1 x is bett] t x %\ld n
 be 9 sight ( ! h\se4 ,?is is n s h>d z 
x s\nds2 ev5 on a small place1 ! spot is
 easily conceal$ by a plant+ ( %rubb]y4 
,nor %\ld ! rock g>d51 any m ?an !      
rock]y1 be 9 ! lawn unless x is depress$
 & !re=e out ( sight1 or ma9ly s1 f !   
level4 ,! depression may be a natural or
 an artificial "o1 x may be a brook )   
high banks or x may be a sunk5 pa?way4  
,! edge ( a lawn is bett]1 a corn] ( x  
is bett] yet1 & pref]able to ei!r is a  
bank slop+ d[n f x4 ,! bank on ei!r side
 ( /eps lead+ f "o lawn level to ano!r  
is also a possibility to be consid]$4   
,trees ne$ n be altoge!r avoid$2        
sometimes !y are ess5tial to ! pictorial
 effect4 ,x is n well1 h[ev]1 to place a
 rock g>d5 ne> v l>ge trees4 ,! drip is 
bad1 especially = alp9es1 & ! gre$y     
roots n only rob ! plants ( n\ri%m5t b  
are v apt to dislocate ! /ones4         

,some:]e j outside ! real g>d5 is ! be/ 
place2 !n x is only a /ep f "o little _w
 into ano!r t is altoge!r diff]5t4 ,if !
 rock g>d5 leads to a bit ( wood1 ei!r  
directly or ?r\gh a wild g>d51 !re w be 
all ! m to rejoice ov]4 ,! m irregul>ity
 ! site has1 or sugge/s1 ! bett]2 a rock
 g>d5 n only %\ld h no /raight l9es1 b x
 is n well t all ( x %\ld be compreh5d$ 
9 a s+le view--no matt] :e!r ! area be  
l>ge or small4  ,illu/ration3 ,:]ev]    
possible make ! entrance to ! rock g>d5 
a r\gh flight ( /eps4 ,excavate if      
necess>y4 ,plant ! /ep crevices z well z
 ^? ( ! side walls  ,:at con/itutes a   
good site is well illu/rat$ by "o ( !   
exi/+ ,am]ican rock g>d5s4 ,! place is  
l>ge1 & 9 ! re> ( ! h\se ! gr\nds are   
level = a consid]able di/ance & !n drop 
) a fairly /eep bank to a driveway1 bel[
 :i* ano!r t]race leads to a mead[4     
,in/ead ( be+ cont9u\s1 h[ev]1 ! bank   
above ! driveway is brok5 by a little   
gl51 seem+ly lead+ n[h]e1 b actually an 
entrance to bo? ! re> lawn & ! =mal     

g>d54 ,9 ?is gl5 is ! rock g>d51 or r ! 
ma9 "p ( x4 ,?\gh b\nd$ on ! nor?--x    
runs ea/ & we/--by ! =mal g>d5 & on !   
s\? by ! lawn1 ! rock g>d5 c be se5 f   
nei!r ( ^!1 nor f ! h\se4 ,x is         
conv5i5tly ne> all ?ree1 yet di/9ctly   
ap>t f all4 ,a ?9 plant+ ( ev]gre5s     
scre5s x on ! s\? & ea/ sides1 & !re is 
a l[ h$ge betwe5 x & ! =mal g>d54 ,!    
rock g>d5 ov]fl[s ! gl5 & runs along !  
bank on ei!r side1 ! %ady section be+   
devot$ to an ext5sive collection ( h>dy 
f]ns4 ,across ! driveway !re is m rock  
g>d5 & !n a %ort /ret* ( dry wall g>d54 
,su* a site z ?is does n h to be f\nd   
all made4 ,giv5 any gr\nds ) a bank1 & a
 little imag9ation1 & a gl5 is a m]e    
matt] ( %ovel+ soil4 ,call x a gorge1 if
 y pref]4 ,ei!r1 9 m9iature1 is a favor$
 rock g>d5 =m2 s are hill & cre/4  ,?us 
f> ! assumption has be5 t ! rocks h to  
be ga!r$ up f v>i\s p>ts ( ! place or   
br\ght 9 f ! outside4 ,b _m gr\nds1     
especially ^? ( c\ntry places1 h !      
rocks2 (t5 m ?an are want$4 ,al?\gh     

sometimes ?is is ! be/ ( luck1 n[ & !n !
 tr\ble ( bla/+ & re>rang+ is ab\t z    
great z if all ! /one _h to be f\nd4 ,x 
does1 nev]!less1 make easi] ! *oice ( a 
site2 :]e rocks are naturally1 !re !y   
ought to be4 ,occasionally ! rocks are s
 dispos$ t !re is no *oice2 ! site      
settles itself & x is up to y to make ! 
mo/ ( x4  ,a s+le b\ld]1 a few scatt]$  
rocks1 or a rocky bank c be conv]t$ into
 a simple rock g>d5 )\t mov+ a /one4 ,a 
little judici\s plant+ & ! trans=mation 
is complete4  ,a rock g>d5 ) wat] is a  
rock g>d5 glorifi$4 ,:]ev] possible1 )\t
 injury to ! ma9 s*eme1 ! g>d5 %\ld be  
br\ght to ! wat]4 ,fail+ t1 br+ ! wat]  
to x1 if ?is is practicable2 :i* c be   
det]m9$ :5 ! site is pick$ out4     ,,! 
,,"w ,,( ,,con/ruction   ,spr+ is ! be/ 
"t to make a rock g>d54 ,:5 ! important 
matt] ( ! prop] site has be5 put 9 !    
pa/1 a def9ite s*eme mu/ be plann$4 ,^u 
! def9it5ess ( ?is s*eme1 mu* ( !       
success ( ! rock g>d5 w dep5d4 ,"h      
desire w h to be subs]vi5t to !         

situation4 ,x is n s mu* :at y want z   
:at is be/ 9 ! circum/ances4  ,d n      
attempt slavi%ly to copy ! rock g>d5 (  
"s "o else4 ,all ! money 9 ! _w w\ld n  
create an exact duplicate = y1 s9ce     
nature has made no two rocks precisely  
alike4 ,/udy !m1 ( c\rse2 get all !     
ideas y c4 ,b /udy fir/1 & mo/1         
nature--m p>ticul>ly its ways 9 y\r own 
neighborhood4 ,any:]e !re is abundant   
opportunity4 ,take a leaf or two f !    
book ( ! ,japanese g>d5]s4 ,!y are      
pa/-ma/]s ( ! art ( mak+ rock g>d5s1 ) a
 bit ( wat] ?r[n 94 ,!y make use (      
comp>atively few blossom+ plants1 b _!  
example is invaluable 9 ! disposition ( 
rocks ) simple effectiv5ess1 9 !        
simulation ( height & di/ance1 9 ! prop]
 employm5t ( turf1 & 9 ! plant+ ( su*   
small trees & %rubs z are suitable = a  
rock g>d5 s*eme4  ,measure c>efully !   
space at comm&1 & !n lay out ! plan on  
cross-rul$ pap]4 ,call ea* ( ! little   
squ>es a squ>e foot & ! labor w be made 
easy4 ,next1 figure out a good entrance1

 &1 if possible1 an equally good exit--!
 "o invisible f ! o!r4 ,!n outl9e ! ma9 
pa?1 :i* %\ld be z devi\s z ! situation 
all[s1 &1 if byways _c be add$1 provide 
= bays1 or m pron\nc$ recesses4 ,rememb]
 t y are n m]ely to simulate nature2 y  
are1 by a process ( compress+ mu* 9     
little1 to epitomize x4  ,!n comes !    
selection ( ! rocks4 ,usually ! rock    
close at h&1 p]haps on ! v gr\nds1 w    
answ] e purpose4 ,if y are n =tunate    
en\gh to own any1 v likely !re is m ?an 
"o t[nsman :o w be glad to give y all ! 
b\ld]s & small] rocks t y want1 if y w  
only remove !m f spots :]e !y are n     
desir$4 ,! co/ ( removal1 ev5 9 ! case (
 b\ld]s ( fair size1 is n great4  ,b>r+ 
qu>tz rock1 :i* does n look well1 almo/ 
any k9d ( natural /one may be made use (
 to ! be/ advantage4 ,artificial /one   
%\ld be %unn$ l ! plague4 ,lime/one &   
s&/one are good mat]ials2 granite is    
bett]4 ,granite1 h[ev]1 does n /ratify1 
& if /ratifi$ effects are desir$1 ano!r 
/one mu/ be select$4 ,a good plan is to 

use m ?an "o k9d1 b to keep !m prop]ly  
ap>t4 ,wea!r-beat5 granite is excell5t  
mat]ial1 &1 9 g5]al1 x is well to h !   
rock look any?+ b newly qu>ri$4 ,pick   
out "s rocks ) a gr[? ( li*5 on !m1 & be
 sure t ?is is n di/urb$ by ! mov+4     
,illu/ration3 ,good rock g>d5 plant+4   
,ea* ( ! pr9cipal species has a soil    
pocket to itself4 ,note ! effective     
backgr\nd & irregul> crevices  ,b\ld]s  
may run up to sev]al tons 9 weight4 ,:]e
 none is readily obta9able1 "o c be     
simulat$ by +5i\sly comb9+ a few small  
ones & conceal+ ! jo9ts by ! plant+ (   
su* ?+s z /onecrops 9 e>?--:i*1 save 9  
r>e cases ( %e] necessity1 is always us$
 9 ! con/ruction ( a rock g>d5 9 place (
 mort>4  ,if ! site is level1 ! next /ep
 is to *ange all t--fir/ on pap]4       
,unless ! lay ( ! l& is all "r at !     
outset1 ! configuration ( ! rock g>d5   
mu/ n dep5d :olly ^u ! upbuild+2 !re mu/
 be "s excavations1 b no depressions    
deep en\gh to cat* & hold wat] j :]e y w
 want to walk4  ,aside f ! pa? levels1  

build+ beg9s ) ! rocks1 n ) ! soil4 ,?is
 is a highly important po9t4 ,place !   
b\ld]s fir/2 !y are ! big effects4      
,aside f t1 ! heavie/ "w w be out ( !   
way4 ,!n />t 9 ) ! outl9+ base rocks4   
,^! %\ld be plac$ ) ! l>ge/ surface to !
 gr\nd & %\ld v>y 9 size4 ,x is n       
ess5tial t ! l[e/ rocks %\ld be slightly
 buri$ 9 ! gr\nd1 b t c\rse is          
pref]able4  ,:5 ! pa?s & out] m>g9s h   
be5 ?us def9$1 scatt] m rocks ov] !     
int]v5+ surface1 plac+ !m fairly ?ick b 
n close toge!r4 ,next1 fill 9 ) soil1   
pack+ x firmly & ramm+ x h>d into e     
crevice4 ,if x fits 9 ) ! day's "w1 x is
 n a bad plan to wat] ! rock "w well 9  
ord] to pack ! soil1 & :5 resum+ ! labor
 on ! morr[1 to add m soil1 well press$ 
d[n1 be=e proce$+ ) ! second lay] (     
rock4  ,?is second lay] %\ld h ! rocks  
plac$ ) ! front edge slightly back f t (
 ! l[] r[ 9 ord] to =m a slope1 ?\gh an 
occasional ov]hang may be fa%ion$ if    
requir$ = a c]ta9 plant kn[n to abhor a 
drip f above4 ,! con/ruction !n proce$s 

z be=e1 until ! desir$ height is rea*$4 
,! height is entirely arbitr>y1 b "s    
po9ts %\ld be at lea/ z high z ! l9e (  
vision1 z "o ( ! great advantages ( a   
rock g>d5 is ! pleasure ( enjoy+ "s ( ! 
typical rock plants )\t /oop+4 ,! rocks 
us$ z fill]s %\ld ov]lap "h & !re to    
give /r5g?1 b c>e mu/ be tak5 to        
contrive pl5ty ( long soil runs4        
,eighte5 in*es %\ld be ! v lea/4 ,a     
plant l ! alp9e &rosace is a t9y        
rosette1 seem+ly requir+ no m ?an an in*
 or two ( soil1 b its roots are likely  
to be f\nd foll[+ an e>?-fill$ crevice 9
 ! rocks to ! dep? ( a y>d or s4 ,x is  
because ( ?is deep p5etration ( roots t 
! soil %\ld be pack$ s v firm2 ! roots  
mu/ be 9 no dang] ( loose soil or (     
/rik+ a hidd5 holl[4  ,illu/ration3 ,:]e
 a rock w\ld be> too heavily on ! "o    
bel[ x1 ev5 ) soil betwe51 ! pressure   
may be reliev$ by ! use ( small /ones4  
,! soil run ne$ n be /raight1 b x mu/ be
 cont9u\s1 s t ! roots ( ! plant may f9d
 _! way f ,a ?r\gh to ,b  ,at no po9t   

betwe5 two /ones %\ld ! lay] ( soil be  
less ?an two or ?ree in*es ?ick aft] be+
 pack$ h>d4 ,if an upp] /one is likely  
to be> d[n too heavily & cru% ! plant   
roots1 ?is may be avoid$ by plac+ small 
/ones "h & !re 9 ! lay] ( soil4 ,! roots
 w "w betwe5 ^! /ones1 b !re mu/ be a   
cont9u\s1 ?\gh n necess>ily /raight1    
soil run f ! front ( ! rock "w to !     
solid fill+ ( e>?4 ,! run %\ld slope    
d[nw>d slightly4  ,rocks calculat$ to   
simulate a natural /ratification ought  
to be laid on an incl9e = prop] dra9age4
 ,su* pieces ( rock may also be employ$ 
sp>sely 9 w$g+1 & 9 ! mak+ ( ! s-call$  
pockets4  ,^! pockets are ( prime       
importance 9 ! con/ruction ( a rock     
g>d54 ,!y hold ! only consid]able spaces
 ( soil & are ! *ief means ( coloniz+   
plants1 ?us provid+ = pron\nc$ color    
effects4 ,!y %\ld break ! slopes & be   
irregul> 9 size1 %ape1 & di/ribution4 ,!
 l>ge ones may be easily subdivid$ by   
small /ones :5 ! plant+ is done if a    
fur!r sep>ation ( species is desirable4 

,! soil mu/ slope a little f ! top1 s t 
!re w be no /&+ wat]4  ,illu/ration3    
,cross-section ( rock g>d5 con/ruction1 
%[+ %all[ 7,a7 & deep 7,b7 soil pockets2
 tilt+ & w$g+ ( rocks 7,c72 bridg+ 7,d71
 & p]p5dicul> crevice soil run 7,e74    
,two to ?ree in*es ( soil betwe5 all    
jo9ts4 ,! l[e/ rocks are p>tly buri$  ,!
 dra9age ( a rock g>d5 is ( vital       
importance4 ,!re mu/ be pl5ty ( moi/ure 
/[$ away beh9d ! rocks aga9/ ! heat (   
summ]1 b all excess mu/ be c>ri$ away4  
,! g>d5 %\ld dra9 naturally1 z ! hills  
d4 ,if any d\bt exi/s1 make a dra9age b$
 ( eight in*es ( cl9k]s be=e />t+ to lay
 ! /ones4  ,! soil %\ld be a good loam )
 a little peat1 & /ones v>y+ 9 size f a 
mu/>d se$ to an almond4 ,a little manure
 may be us$1 b x mu/ be old4            
,,plant+ ,,! ,,g>d5   ,!re are two ways 
( plant+ a rock g>d54 ,"o is to d all ! 
crevice plant+ along ) ! build+1 & !    
o!r1 ( c\rse1 is to def] ev]y?+ until ! 
rocks are 9 place & ! soil ?or\ghly     
settl$4  ,! =m] plan is a s+ul>ly       

appeal+1 z well z practical1 "o4 ,!re is
 some?+ fasc9at+ 9 f9i%+ completely a "p
 ( ! "w z "o goes along4 ,! practical   
advantage lies *iefly 9 ! fact t by ?is 
me?od good-siz$ plants may be firmly    
e/abli%$ 9 crevices at ! v outset4 ,!   
soil 9 t case %\ld be put "p way 9 !    
crevice & pack$ d[n4 ,!n "s loose soil  
spr9kl$ on top1 & ! plant1 ) ! e>? well 
%ak5 f ! roots1 unless x has a tap root1
 laid d[n horizontally ) ! cr[n j       
outside ! edge ( ! soil4 ,next spread ! 
roots to foll[ ! soil run2 fill up !    
crevice ) m soil1 pack$ well1 & foll[ ) 
m plants ( ! same k9d4 ,use small /ones 
to w$ge plants :]e x appe>s necess>y4   
,plants t hang d[n %\ld be plac$ 9 !    
high] crevices2 ?is mu/ be all ?\ght out
 be=eh&4  ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! plant+   
plan _c be too ?or\ghly ?\ght out 9     
advance4 ,at po9t aft] po9t x dovetails 
) ! /ructural plan1 :i* mu/ accord ) !  
requirem5ts ( :at may be call$ ! m      
difficult rock plants--! alp9es1 "s ( ! 
f]ns1 & ^? plants t fit 9 well ) rock "w

 b dem& m ?an ! ord9>y g>d5 moi/ure4 ,! 
be/ way is to decide :at plants are mo/ 
desirable 9 ! circum/ances1 omitt+1 z a 
rule1 ! difficult or f9icky ones2 !re w 
be pl5ty ( "t to exp]im5t ) ^? :5 y h m 
exp]i5ce4 ,make a face plan ( ! sev]al  
sections ( ! rock "w & m>k on x :]e !   
plants are to g4 ,use numb]s1 ea*       
correspond+ to a species4  ,illu/ration3
 ,:]e only a small effect is desir$1 a  
tongue ( rock "w l ?is is an easy       
solution ( ! problem4 ,note ! avoidance 
( /raight l9es  ,! g5]al idea is t all !
 soil %all be conceal$1 n necess>ily at 
! mom5t ( plant+1 b at ! end ( "o or two
 seasons' gr[?4 ,unless y are a         
collector1 v>iety is ( little           
importance4 ,! ma9 ?+ is t !re %all be  
beauty z a :ole1 a few m>k$ seasonal    
effects ( color ) mass$ bloom & "s gre5 
! ye> r\nd2 ! g>d5 mu/ nev] be b>e at   
any "t1 z nature w %[ y4 ,plants clu/]$ 
"h & s+le !re is a good plant+ rule4    
,colonies1 always ( m>k$ irregul>ity1   
ought to m]ge into "o ano!r1 b !y %\ld n

 s ov]run ! rock "w t no /ones are 9    
sight4 ,n infrequ5tly "s ( ! be/ effects
 are obta9$ :]e m rock ?an fl[]s is se54
 ,a b\ld]1 = example1 calls = ! contra/ 
( plants1 p]haps only a few l[-gr[+ ones
 9 a natural pocket1 r ?an a            
semi-eclipse4 ,z a rule1 plant "o hundr$
 ( half a doz5 or s suitable1 & easy1   
species 9 pref]5ce to fifty or m k9ds4  
,/udy at ! same "t ! =m ( ! plants t are
 to be us$2 "s quickly resolve !mselves 
into a c>pet1 "s nev] get beyond m]e    
tufts1 "s always gr[ /raight up1 "s     
pref] to hang d[n1 & "s h foliage t is  
ev]gre5 or ne>ly s4 ,to be m specific1  
"o plant ( ,sapon>ia ocymoides w spread 
out ov] f\r squ>e feet ( soil1 & ?us    
fill completely a mod]ate-siz$ pocket1  
:]eas to conceal ! same am\nt ( gr\nd   
?ree doz5 auriculas might h to be us$4  
,! same is true ( ! :ite rock cress     
7,arabis albida74 ,s1 too1 ) a crevice4 
,a s+le plant ( "o ( ! trail+ /onecrops 
w\ld fill x1 p]haps1 :5 a numb] (       
rosettes ( ! small] k9ds ( h\se leek    

w\ld be call$ =4  ,tall plants1 l !     
foxglove1 may sometimes be us$1 9 a     
small gr\p1 at ! end ( a bay on ! level 
( ! pa?2 b !y are be/ plac$ beh9d ! rock
 "w1 z a backgr\nd1 or z dom9at+        
features ( ! entrance or exit ( ! g>d54 
,at ! entrance or exit su* bold plants  
make a good bridge betwe5 ! rock g>d5 & 
! out] gr\nds4 ,spread+ & trail+ plants 
%\ld be plac$ a foot or m above ! pa?   
level & mo/ plants ) tufts or rosettes (
 foliage4 ,if ! pa? is broad en\gh "s ( 
! wide-spread+ plants may g at ! base ( 
! rocks1 b ! rule !re is to use ^? (    
mod]ate spread1 ) a few tuft$ plants &  
"s t gr[ upright1 b are n tall1 to l5d  
v>iety4 ,:5 ! pa? is ( flat /ones1      
irregul> 9 bo? size & plac+1 ?is gr[?   
%\ld fill all ! soil space--ev5 betwe5 !
 /ones4 ,su* a pa? w be f\nd m ?an wor? 
:ile1 & n z mu* ( an und]tak+ z x may   
seem4  ,obvi\s consid]ations are t      
plants ) a decid$ hank]+ aft] moi/ure or
 %ade %\ld be favor$ 9 ! matt] (        
location1 ?\gh x is a/oni%+ h[ adaptive 

_m ( !m are4  ,d n plant ! weak next to 
! /rong4 ,unless y are a g>d5] ( et]nal 
vigilance1 ! weak w h ! wor/ ( x be=e y 
realize :at a mi/ake y h made4  ,f9ally1
 d n =get t plant+ is n ! end2 x is only
 ! beg9n+--( plant+4 ,s long z ! rock   
g>d5 exi/s !re w always be plant+4      
,normal mortality w necessitate "s1 !re 
w be ?9n+ out1 & "t w sugge/ additions &
 m or less re>rangem5t4  ,& ) ! plant+  
goes on ! cont9ual c>e1 mu* ( :i* c be  
done 9 ! c\rse ( ! daily walk 9 ! g>d51 
& !re=e ! loss ( "t w n be felt4 ,wat] 9
 case ( a real dr\ght1 b use a spr9kl]1 
& d n /op until ! gr\nd has be5 soak$ to
 a dep? ( a few in*es4 ,m]e surface     
wat]+ is bad en\gh 9 ! ord9>y g>d52 9 a 
rock g>d5 x is a fatal error1 z ! gr[? (
 roots ne> ! top ( ! soil leaves !      
plants 9 no condition to /& ! full =ce (
 ! summ] sun4  ,g ov] ! g>d5 ?or\ghly   
once a ye> & all ! "t keep a %>p look\t 
= we$s4 ,if ! soil is heavy1 top-dress )
 grit 9 ! fall4 ,grit is good = rock    
plants4 ,/one *ips plac$ ar\nd a plant w

 prev5t too mu* dampness lodg+ ab\t !   
coll> 9 w9t]4 ,wat* out = weak spots    
aft] v heavy ra9s4     ,,plants ,,= ,a  
,,rock ,,g>d5   ,s _m plants are        
suitable = a rock g>d5 t ! range ( *oice
 is bewild]+4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 ! lay+ out ( !
 g>d51 advisability takes prec$5ce ov]  
pure p]sonal desire1 ?\gh1 v =tunately1 
x is (t5 n difficult to make ! two g h& 
9 h&2 a little intellig5t ?\ght helps a 
lot4  ,to ! beg9n]1 no bett] advice c be
 giv5 ?an t :i* applies to ! pick+ out (
 ! rocks--use ! mat]ial :i* is close at 
h&4 ,?is is n1 by any means1 a m]e      
sugge/ion to foll[ ! l9es ( lea/        
resi/ance4 ,x is f> m4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 
!re is always an endless am\nt (        
beautiful & suitable plant life to be _h
 )\t go+ f> afield4 ,!n aga91 natural   
h>moni\s effects 9 y\r imm$iate         
neighborhood are pretty sure to be      
appropriate to y\r gr\nds4 ,f9ally1 y c 
see = y\rself h[ ?+s gr[1 & z = !       
h>d9ess ( plants1 y h x already te/$ =  
y4 ,?is ref]s n alone to ! natural      

conditions2 !re is a second wide field 9
 ! g>d5s--! h>dy g>d5s--( o!rs1 :]e y c 
at once *oose f ! _m & le>n :e!r c]ta9  
plants are too t5d] or require too mu*  
c>e = y\r use4  ,s f> z plants native to
 ! imm$iate neighborhood are conc]n$1 _!
 value to ! rock g>d5 ( ! av]age p]son )
 limit$ "t1 :o is n obsess$ ) ! idea (  
gr[+ ! r>e & curi\s1 _c be ov]e/imat$4  
,& !y are s _m2 m ?an mo/ realize1 & (t5
 ( an individual beauty n always        
appreciat$ 9 ! bewild]+ pr(usion ( !    
wild b pla9ly app>5t :5 an individual1  
or a little gr\p1 is op5 to close /udy 9
 a rock g>d54 ,d n make ! r common      
mi/ake ( ?9k+ t !y are too famili> to be
 int]e/+2 !y are nev] likely to be4 ,&1 
hone/ly1 c y say 9 y\r he>t t !y are8   
,= a ,connecticut rock g>d5 ! ,greek    
val]ian 7,polemonium reptans7 mu/ be    
pur*as$1 unless a neighbor c sp>e "s f 8
 collection ( old-fa%ion$ fl[]s2 !re x  
belongs 9 t category4 ,b :y %\ld y (    
,m9nesota or ,miss\ri d5y s beautiful a 
fl[] a place 9 y\r rock g>d51 simply    

because y h only to g to ! woods = x8 ,!
 ,engli% en?usia/ br+s home primroses f 
! ,himalayas1 g5tians f ! ,swiss ,alps1 
& ,dryas ,drummondi f ! ,canadian       
,rockies = 8 rock g>d51 b he does n fail
 to take advantage ( "s ( ! common ?+s  
ne>-by--ev5 ! pale primrose & ! c[slip4 
,illu/ration3 ,native plants are        
excell5t mat]ial = ! rock g>d54 ,! foam 
fl[] 7,ti>ella cordifolia7 at ! top1 &  
"o ( ! small] f]ns at ! bottom  ,f f]ns 
alone1 or f only plants ( %rubby gr[?1 a
 mo/ beautiful native rock g>d5 may be  
made4 ,& add+ small fl[]+ plants1 or    
exclud+ all else1 !re are limitless     
opportunities4 ,x goes )\t say+ t ,a's  
rock g>d5 9 ,ma9e w n be l ,b's 9       
,l\isiana2 b !re is no law compell+ x to
 be4  ,among ! common wild fl[]s ( !    
,ea/ t take on unexpect$ new beauty :5  
transf]r$ to ! rock g>d5 are ! cel&9e   
7,*elidonium majus71 /rawb]ry 7,frag>ia 
,virg9ica71 cranesbill 7,g]anium        
maculatum71 toadflax 7,l9>ia vulg>is71  
orange hawkwe$ 7,hi]acium auranticum71  

h]b ,rob]t 7,g]anium ,rob]tianum71      
coltsfoot 7,tussilago ,f>f>a71          
,solomon's seal 7,polygonatum biflorum71
 foam fl[] 7,ti>ella cordifolia71       
bloodroot 7,sangu9>ia ,canad5sis71 & "s 
( ! violets4 ,^! are b a few names1 &   
r&om ones at t4 ,"s ( !m1 ! coltsfoot1  
cranesbill1 cel&9e1 & toadflax1 spread  
too rapidly1 b by c>eful wat*+ & n all[+
 ! se$ to rip51 !y may be kept )9 b\nds4
 ,!re are _m su* plants t w take all !  
room 9 sight if !y are all[$ to1 & !y   
mu/ be wat*$ closely1 or else disc>d$   
altoge!r4 ,"s ( !m answ] a good purpose 
by giv+ ! rock g>d5 a quick />t1 aft]   
:i* !y may easily be r$uc$ or ?r[n out  
altoge!r4 ,!re ne$ be no compunction    
ab\t disc>d+4 ,c]ta9 plants1 l c]ta9    
fri5ds1 y enjoy hav+ = a visit1 b d n   
c>e to see rema9 =ev] & a day4  ,annuals
 z a class are n desirable = ! rock     
g>d52 = "o ?+1 ! c>e ( r5ewal is too    
great4 ,bi5nials are almo/ z mu* c>e1 b 
9 ea* case !re w always be exceptions t 
are a matt] ( individual pref]5ce4 ,few1

 = example1 w\ld h ! he>t to reject !   
da9ty little purple toadflax ( ,switz]l&
 7,l9>ia alp9a71 j because x is a       
bi5nial4 ,! ma9 dep5d5ce1 h[ev]1 mu/ be 
plac$ on p]5nials--! plants t1 b>r+     
accid5ts1 la/ indef9itely4 ,^! %\ld be  
mo/ly species2 if horticultural1 d n use
 ! biz>re--,d>w9 tulips1 = example1 or !
 ,madame ,*]eau iris4 ,nor1 ) r>e       
exceptions1 %\ld d\ble fl[]s be us$4 ,a 
d\ble daffodil looks horribly out (     
place1 :ile ! d\ble :ite rock cress     
7,arabis albida7 w pass4  ,! easy rock  
g>d5 plants1 :]e ! mat]ial is n tak5 f !
 wild1 are to be f\nd 9 mo/ ( ! l>ge    
h>dy g>d5s ( ! ,ea/4 ,"s ( !m are       
natives ( ,europe or ,asia1 & m ?an is  
commonly suspect$ are at home 9 o!r p>ts
 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,among ! be/ ( ^! = 
c>pets ( bloom are ,phlox subulata1     
,phlox amoena1 ,aubrietia deltoidea1    
maid5 p9k 7,dian?us deltoides71 blue    
bugle 7,ajuga ,g5ev5sis71 :ite bugle    
7,ajuga reptans71 woolly *ickwe$        
7,c]a/ium tom5tosum71 creep+ ?yme       

7,?ymus s]pyllum71 dw>f spe$well        
7,v]onica rep5s71 ,sapon>ia ocymoides1  
alp9e m9t 7,calam9?a alp9a71 & p9k1     
:ite1 & yell[ /onecrops 7s$um74 ,all (  
!m fairly hug ! gr\nd4 ,!re are o!r     
plants t =m a c>pet ( foliage1 b ! fl[] 
/alks rise high]4 ,^! include :ite rock 
cress 7,arabis albida71 ! p]missible    
d\ble butt]cup 7,ranunculus acris fl4   
pl471 ! also p]missible d\ble ,g]man    
cat*fly 7,ly*nis visc>ia71 ano!r d\ble  
fl[]1 fair maids ( ,france 7,ranunculus 
aconitifolius71 ,c>pa?ian bellfl[]      
7,campanula ,c>patica71 grass p9k       
7,dian?us plum>ius71 ,iris pumila1 cre/$
 iris 7,iris cri/ata71 ,*ri/mas rose    
7,helleborus nig]71 ,phlox div>icata1   
,phlox ovata1 ,phlox rep5s1 foam fl[]   
7,ti>ella cordifolia71 ,v]onica incana1 
,alyssum saxatile1 ,saxifraga           
cordifolia1 & v>i\s av5s 7geum74        
,sev]al ( ! primulas give a l effect if 
! plant+ is close--z x %\ld be 9 a      
pocket4 ,! be/ are ! ,engli% primrose   
7,primula vulg>is71 c[slip 7,p4 v]is71  

oxlip 7,p4 elatior71 bird's eye 7,p4    
f>9osa71 yell[ auricula 7,p4 auricula71 
,p4 d5ticulata1 & ,p4 ,cortusoides4     
,simil>ly1 spr+ bulbs may be employ$2   
plant !m1 = ! mo/ "p1 "u a gr\nd cov] s 
t ! soil w n %[ :5 !y die d[n4 ,( !     
tulips1 s+le ones ( ! e>ly & cottage    
types may be us$1 if 9 a solid color1 b 
mo/ to be pref]r$ are ! species1 su* z !
 sweet yell[ 7,flor5t9e7 tulip ( ,s\!rn 
,europe & ! little lady tulip 7,tulipa  
,clusiana74 ,crocuses are also be/ 9    
type =ms1 & ! small1 s+le1 yell[ trumpet
 k9ds are ! f9e/ daffodil mat]ial4 ,s+le
 :ite or blue hyac9?s may be us$1 b     
bett] ?an ! /iff spikes ( bloom ( new   
bulbs w be ! loos] clu/]s ( bulbs t h   
begun to run out 9 ! bord]4 ,o!r        
valuable bulbs are ! sn[drop1 ,scilla   
,sibirica1 glory-(-!-sn[ 7,*ionodoxa    
,lucili71 gu9ea-h5 fl[] 7,fritill>ia    
,meleagris71 grape hyac9? 7,musc>i      
botryoides71 ,triteleia uniflora1       
,allium ,moly1 & ! wood & ,spani%       
hyac9?s 7,scilla nutans & campanulata74 

,tall] plants t may be work$ 91 (t5times
 be/ ) only a s+le specim5 or small     
clump1 are autumn aconite 7,aconitum    
autumnale71 ,yucca filam5tosa1 leop>d's 
bane 7doronicum71 s+le peonies 7ei!r    
h]bace\s or tree71 ,g]man1 ,japanese1 & 
,sib]ian iris1 z well z ! yell[ flag    
7,iris pseudacorus71 s+le columb9es1    
,anemone ,japonica1 ,hem]ocallis flava1 
,s$um spectabile1 ,dielytra spectabile1 
,dielytra =mosa1 ,jacob's ladd]         
7,polemonium ,ri*>dsonii71 frax9ella1   
,an!mis t9ctoria1 s+le ,campanula       
p]sicifolia1 ,campanula rapunculoides1  
,campanula glom]ata1 globe fl[]         
7trollius71 snapdragon 7antirrh9um71    
platycodon1 lav5d] 7:]e x is prov5      
h>dy71 & musk mall[ 7,malva mos*ata74   
,( ! lilies1 ,lilium ,philadelphicum1   
,l4 elegans1 ,l4 speciosum1 & ,l4       
longiflorum are all desirable1 & !y     
?rive 9 p>tial %ade1 ?\gh 9 ,japan ,l4  
elegans w be f\nd /&+ out f ! rocks 9   
full sun%9e4 ,= pe]+ ov] into ! rock    
g>d51 r ?an be+ plac$ 9 x1 ,l4          

,canad5se1 ,l4 tigr9um1 & ,l4 sup]bum   
are recomm5d$4  ,illu/ration3 ,a rock   
g>d5 m]g+ into woodl&4 ,a curv$ pa? is  
desirable1 z x af=ds a great] numb] (   
vi/as  ,! pick ( ! l[ %rubs are ! *>m+  
,daphne cneorum1 :i* fl\ri%es bett] =   
be+ lift$ above ! ord9>y g>d5 level1 &  
,azalea amoena4 ,! latt]1 h[ev]1 %\ld be
 s plac$ t its try+ solf]9o does n make 
a bad color cla%4 ,rhodod5drons & m\nta9
 laurel fr+e a rock g>d5 well1 & ) "o   
trail+ junip] 7,junip]us procumb5s7 w   
provide a great deal ( ! refre%+ w9t]   
gre54  ,s+le roses1 ! species1 fit 9    
well :]e !re is room = !m4 ,good ones   
are ,r4 setig]a1 ,r4 rubig9osa1 ,r4     
,wi*uraiana1 all rampant1 & ! l[ ,r4    
bl&a4 ,! roses w\ld bett] be at or ne> !
 entrance or exit1 or f> en\gh above !  
rock "w n to ramble ov] small plants4   
,! plants 9 ?is li/ cov] all seasons &  
v>y some:at 9 _! soil & moi/ure         
requirem5ts4 ,b ! v>iation is no?+      
beyond ! ord9>y g>d5 k4 ,mo/ w d bett]  
if _! pref]5ces are consid]$1 b none is 

apt to p]i% ) av]age c>e4  ,alp9es1 z a 
class1 w\ld bett] be left to ! amateur )
 ! "t1 money1 & disposition to          
specialize4 ,mo/ ( !m take k9dly to be+ 
transf]r$ f a mile or m up 9 ! air to   
sea level2 ! edelweiss1 = "o1 gr[s "h   
readily f se$1 & ! exquisitely beautiful
 ,g5tiana acaulis ?rives 9 ,am]ican rock
 g>d5s4 ,b1 on ! :ole1 alp9es d n d z   
well "h z 9 ,engl&1 :]e ! summ] climate 
is n s h>d on !m4 ,:5 !y fl\ri% "h1 x is
 at ! co/ ( a great am\nt ( pr(essional 
c>e4     ,,! ,,wall ,,g>d5   ,a wall    
g>d5 is a p]p5dicul> rock g>d54 ,b :]eas
 a rock g>d5 is ( all ?+s irregul>1 a   
wall g>d5 has regul>ity4 ,! wall ne$ n  
be a /raight l9e2 x is bett] t "o end   
%\ld describe a curve1 & rocks at ! base
 may give x fur!r irregul>ity4 ,yet x c 
nev] q lose ! air ( man's h&iwork4 ,!   
prime object ( ! g>d5+ on x is to r$uce 
?is air to a m9imum4  ,! way to make a  
wall g>d5 is to build a dry wall ( r\gh 
/ones--t is1 a wall )\t mort>4 ,in/ead  
use soil & pack x tight 9 e crevice z   

well z beh9d ! /ones1 :i* %\ld be tilt$ 
back a little to c>ry wat] into ! soil4 
,?is tilt+ may be accompli%$ ) small    
/one w$ges4 ,! be/ k9d is a five-foot   
reta9+ wall1 z !re is !n a good body (  
soil beh9d to :i* ! roots c rea* out    
?r\gh ! crevices4 ,b a d\ble-fac$ wall  
may be made1 if ! situation dem&s x1 by 
con/ruct+ p>allel l9es ( /ones & fill+ 9
 solidly ) soil4  ,illu/ration3 ,plant+ 
plan ( dry wall1 ! d>k portions         
repres5t+ ! *ief e>?-fill$ crevices4 ,! 
plants are3 #a--;,arabis albida2        
#b--;,alyssum saxatile2 #c--;,h\se leek 
7semp]vivum72 #d--,viola tricolor2      
#e--;,arm]ia m>itima  ,illu/ration3 ,a  
wall g>d5 plant$ 9 colonies--! bett]    
way4 ,if n too vigor\s ( gr[?1 v9es may 
be plant$ z %[n "h at ! base  ,al?\gh ! 
face ( ! wall 9 ei!r case may be /rictly
 p]p5dicul>1 x is bett] t ea* lay] %\ld 
rec$e a bit4 ,con/ruct x aft] ! mann] ( 
! rock g>d51 lay+ ! /ones s t ! top w be
 level1 or approximately s4             
,illu/ration3 ,dry wall = reta9+ bank4  

,cross-section1 %[+ crevices1 soil runs 
& tilt+ ( rocks  ,9 plant+ also1 foll[ !
 same rules4 ,x is bett] to plant z ! "w
 progresses4 ,ei!r plants or se$ may be 
us$4 ,if x is se$1 press c>efully into !
 soil 9 ! front ( ! crevices4 ,small se$
 may be mix$ 9 ?9 mud & ?is pla/]$ on ! 
soil4 ,= a t9y crevice make a pill ( !  
mixture4  ,illu/ration3 ,d\ble-fac$ dry 
wall4 ,a few rocks are us$ ) ! soil     
fill+ & "h & !re "o on top ( x  ,! range
 ( reliable plants t d n call = special 
c>e is n great s f> z ! crevices are    
conc]n$4 ,all ! /onecrops1 ! h\se leeks1
 ,arabis albida1 r$ val]ian 7,c5tran?us 
rub]71 aubrietia1 ,alyssum saxatile1    
snapdragon1 wallfl[] 7,*eiran?us        
,*eiri71 ,k5ilwor? ivy1 ,viola tricolor1
 ,dian?us plum>ius1 & ,dian?us deltoides
 are all v s]viceable4 ,beh9d ! wall1 at
 ! top1 a /rip ( e>? %\ld be left & !re 
a wid] v>iety ( plants c be gr[n4 ,s+le 
,m>gu]ite c>nations & grass p9ks w =m a 
sort ( cascade ( foliage & bloom !re if 
plant$ close to ! wall or 9 ! crevices (

 ! top1 & a simil> effect1 b mu* bold]1 
c be creat$ ) ! p]5nial pea 7,la?yrus   
latifolius74  ,if ! dry wall is already 
made1 ! crevices c be plugg$ ) soil if  
c>e & pati5ce are us$4 ,ev5 a cem5t$    
wall is n hopeless2 "h & !re ! mort> c  
be *isel$ out & an occasional small /one
 %\ld be remov$4  ,a wall g>d5 has ^!   
advantages ov] a rock g>d52 x is m      
easily con/ruct$1 x is ( practical use1 
& x is sometimes a possibility :]e ! o!r
 is n4     ,,wat] ,,& ,,bog ,,g>d5s     
,nei!r ! wat] nor ! bog g>d5 is dep5d5t 
on rocks4 ,ei!r or bo?1 h[ev]1 may j z  
well be an adjunct ( ! rock g>d54 ,!y   
solve ! wet spot problem admirably1     
p]mit ! culture ( native wat] lilies1   
or*ids1 & num]\s o!r beautiful plants1 &
 c]ta9ly contribute _! %>e (            
picturesqu5ess4 ,if wat] is lack+1 x may
 (t5 be introduc$ at little exp5se4     
,illu/ration3 ,a little grotto ) trickl+
 wat] makes a picturesque break 9 a wall
 g>d54 ,if %ady1 plant f]ns g5]\sly  ,9 
mo/ cases x w be f\nd t "s cem5t        

con/ruction is necess>y1 b n a bit ( x  
%\ld %[4 ,?is is easily manag$ by build+
 a cem5t %\ld] on ! sides ( ! pool or   
/ream a little bel[ :at w be ! level ( !
 wat]1 & !n sett+ r\gh /ones on t4 ,a   
cem5t bottom = %all[ wat] may be        
disguis$ by imb$d+ pebbles & small /ones
 9 ! cem5t be=e x sets4  ,illu/ration3  
,to conceal ! cem5t$ bank ( a pool or   
/ream1 make a %\ld] eight in*es or s    
wide & ab\t six in*es bel[ ! wat] l9e4  
,!n place small rocks on ! %\ld]        
,dispose ! rocks v irregul>ly1 b !y may 
be s few z to be m]e notes4 ,avoid      
/agnant wat]1 & if mosquitoes are fe>$  
introduce "s goldfi%4 ,!y l mosquito    
l>v4  ,wat] lilies & sagitt>ia--"o plant
 w d if ! pool is small--9 ! wat] & ne> 
x1 b n 9 /&+ wat]1 ,japanese iris1 yell[
 flag1 globe fl[]1 & ,ly?rum roseum are 
good selections4 ,=get-me-n is "o ( !   
f9e/ plants = ! banks4 ,use ! p]5nial   
k9d 7,myosotis palu/ris semp]flor5s74   
,! bog g>d5 simply reproduces bog       
conditions4 ,z a rock g>d5 adjunct x may

 be a small spot ) ! p]petually moi/ &  
moss-cov]$ soil 9 :i* ! native          
cyprip$iums & pit*] plants fl\ri%4      
,eighte5 or tw5ty in*es ( suitable soil1
 a mixture ( leaf mold1 peat1 & loam1 9 
:i* has be5 /irr$ "s s& & gravel1 mu/ be
 provid$4 ,if an artificial bog1 !      
bottom may be made ( cem5t or puddl$    
clay4         99       99       99      
99       99  ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,two  
oe ligatures 9 ! orig9al book h be5     
r5d]$ z oe4 ,a spell+ error 9 ! orig9al 
has also be5 correct$3 ,polemonicum to  
,polemonium 7,page #da3 444 ,jacob's    
ladd] 7,polemonium ,ri*>dsonii7 4447    
,italics are r5d]$ z und]scores4