,transcribers notes3 ,a few images have been repaired where damage was obvious1 such as specks on the original plate or voids in the printing process4 ,a gamma correction of #j4h has been applied to compensate for aging of the ink4 ,the index has been moved from the back of the book to the front and linked to the named pages4 ,the images shown are compressed to #fjj,x#djj to load quickly and fit on any computer screen4 ,click on the #abjj below the picture to see the #abjj,x#hjj image4 ,click on #dhjj or the image itself to see the original #dhjj,x#cbjj image and marvel at the detail of these #ahic photographs4 ,signs and flags are easily read4 ,the only technical flaw is the long exposure to produce the crisp detail and depth of field4 ,occasionally the moving leg of a pedestrian is blurred4 ,find the man mowing the grass in plate #fc4 ,click ,back on your browser to return to this list4 ,to see the full detail of the #dhjj,x#cbjj image in your browser1 turn off ,resize large images to fit or ,enable automatic image resizing4 ,files names ,,xxx4jpg are the original #fjj ,,dpi1 ,,xxx#be4;jpg are #be of the original 7#aej ,,dpi71 and ,,xxx#ab are #ab 7#ge ,,dpi74 ,chapter ,v1 ,the ,world's ,columbian ,exposition from ,volume ,v of ,history of the ,united ,states by ,e4 ,benjamin ,andrews 7#aije7 is included to provide a contemporary description of the ,exposition4 ,,official ,,views ,,of ,,the ,,world',s ,,columbian ,,exposition ,,issued ,,by ,,the ,,department ,,of ,,photography ,c4 ,d4 ,,arnold ,h4 ,d4 ,,higinbotham ,official ,photographers #ahic ,,press ,,chicago ,,photo-,,gravure ,,co4 ,,index4 ,scene ,plate ,administration ,building #bc1 #be1 #cc ,agricultural ,building #ah ,arabian ,village #aab1 #aac1 #aad ,austrian ,exhibit #i ,band ,stand #bf ,battle ,ship ,illinois #fi ,belgian ,exhibit4 #aj ,bell ,telephone ,exhibit #cb ,blarney ,castle #ic ,brazilian ,building #gd ,cafe de la ,marine #eb ,cairo ,street #ajc ,ceylon ,building #gi ,chocolate ,pavilion #ad ,choral ,hall #db ,cliff ,dwellers #ij ,colonnade #bj ,columbian ,fountain #bd1 #bh ,columbus' ,caravels #he1 #hf ,court of ,honor #ae1 #aae ,dahomey ,village #aaj ,donegal ,castle4 #ie ,electricity ,building #bh1 #bi1 #cj1 #ca1 #cb ,ferris ,wheel #ia1 #aje ,fine ,arts ,palace #ei1 #fj1 #fa ,fisheries ,building #df1 #ec ,french ,exhibit #aj ,french ,government ,building #gc ,general ,views #d1 #af1 #ag1 #ai1 #ba4 #bg1 #bh1 #cc1 #ch1 #dd1 #df1 #dh1 #fb1 #ff1 #fh1 #ig1 #ih ,german ,government ,building #gb ,german ,exhibits #h1 #dj1 #hg ,german ,village #ii1 #ajj ,government ,buildings #ed1 #ga1 #gb1 #gc1 #gd1 #ge1 #gf1 #gg1 #gh1 #gi ,guatemala ,building #gh ,hagenbeck's ,arena #id ,hayti ,building #ge ,horticultural ,building #dc1 #eg ,illinois ,building #dg ,indian ,pavilion #ha ,indians' ,wigwams1 etc4 #hh1 #hi ,japanese ,exhibits #di1 #ej1 #ea1 #ed1 #ee ,johore ,bungalow #aja ,krupp ,building #hg ,lapland ,village #aaa ,manufactures and ,liberal ,arts ,building #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 #e1 #f1 #g1 #h1 #i1 #aj1 #aa1 #ba1 #bd1 #ef ,machinery ,hall #bb1 #bd1 #be ,merchant ,tailors ,building #eh ,midway ,views #ia1 #ib1 #ic1 #id1 #ie1 #if1 #ig1 #ih1 #ii1 #ajj1 #aja1 #ajb1 #ajc1 #ajd1 #aje1 #ajf1 #ajg1 #ajh1 #aji1 #aaj1 #aaa1 #aab1 #aac1 #aad ,mines ,building #cd1 #ce ,movable ,sidewalk #hc ,new ,south ,wales ,building #ge ,new ,york ,building #fd ,norwegian ,exhibit #aa ,old ,vienna #ajf1 #ajg1 #ajh1 #aji ,pennsylvania ,building #fe ,peristyle #ab ,peristyle and ,quadriga #ac ,rabida ,convent #hd ,russian ,exhibit #g ,samoan ,village #if ,spanish ,building #gb ,state ,buildings #dg1 #fc1 #fd1 #fe ,swedish ,building #ge ,terminal ,station #cf ,tiffany and ,gorham ,exhibits #f ,train of #ahca #cg ,transportation ,building #ci1 #dj1 #da ,turkish ,building #gg ,turkish ,village #ajb1 #ajd ,u4 ,s4 ,government ,building #ed ,u4 ,s4 ,life ,saving ,station #fg ,venezuela ,building #gf ,venetian ,boat #ce ,victoria ,house #ga ,viking ,ship #gb ,whaleback at ,pier #hh ,west ,point ,cadets ,encampment #fg ,woman's ,building #de1 #dj ,wooded ,island #eb ,world's ,congress of ,beauty #ih ,,plate #a--,,manufactures ,,and ,,liberal ,,arts ,,building4 ,,plate #b--,,northern ,,facade ,,of ,,liberal ,,arts ,,building4 ,,plate #c--,,liberal ,,arts ,,building--,,west ,,entrance4 ,,plate #d--;,,birds ,,eye ,,view ,,looking ,,northwest ,,from ,,liberal ,,arts ,,building4 ,,plate #e--,,southwest ,,pavilion ,,of ,,liberal ,,arts ,,building4 ,,plate #f--,,tiffany ,,and ,,gorham ,,exhibits--,,manufactures ,,building4 ,,plate #g--,,russian ,,exhibit--,,manufactures ,,building4 ,,plate #h--;,,entrance ,,to ,,german ,,exhibit--,,liberal ,,arts ,,building4 ,,plate #i--;,,austrian ,,exhibit--,,manufactures ,,building4 ,,plate #aj--;,,french ,,and ,,belgian ,,sections--,,manufactures ,,building4 ,,plate #aa--,,norwegian ,,exhibit--,,manufactures ,,building4 ,,plate #ab--,,the ,,peristyle4 ,,plate #ac--,,peristyle ,,and ,,quadriga4 ,,plate #ad--;,a ,,chocolate ,,pavilion4 ,,plate #ae--,,the ,,court ,,of ,,honor4 ,,plate #af--;,a ,,view ,,near ,,the ,,peristyle4 ,,plate #ag--,,looking ,,west ,,from ,,peristyle4 ,,plate #ah--;,,agricultural ,,building4 ,,plate #ai--;,,general ,,view--,,looking ,,towards ,,colonnade4 ,,plate #bj--,,the ,,colonnade4 ,,plate #ba--,,the ,,liberal ,,arts ,,building ,,from ,,colonnade4 ,,plate #bb--,,palace ,,of ,,mechanic ,,arts4 ,,plate #bc--;,,administration ,,building4 ,,plate #bd--,,the ,,columbian ,,fountain4 ,,plate #be--,,section ,,of ,,palace ,,of ,,mechanic ,,arts ,,and ,,administration ,,building4 ,,plate #bf--;,,band ,,stand ,,at ,,administration ,,building4 ,,plate #bg--,,view ,,from ,,electricity ,,building--,,looking ,,southeast4 ,,plate #bh--;,,electricity ,,building ,,and ,,columbian ,,fountain4 ,,plate #bi--;,,electricity ,,building4 ,,plate #cj--;,,interior ,,of ,,electricity ,,building4 ,,plate #ca--;,,base ,,of ,,electric ,,tower4--,,electricity ,,building4 ,,plate #cb--;,,bell ,,telephone ,,exhibit--,,electricity ,,building4 ,,plate #cc--;,,administration ,,building ,,from ,,wooded ,,island4 ,,plate #cd--,,mines ,,building--,,from ,,the ,,north4 ,,plate #ce--,,venetian ,,boat ,,on ,,the ,,lagoon ,,at ,,north ,,entrance ,,of ,,mines ,,building4 ,,plate #cf--,,the ,,terminal ,,station4 ,,plate #cg--;,,first ,,train ,,in ,,state ,,of ,,new ,,york1 ,,run ,,on ,,the ,,mohawk ,,hudson ,r4 ,r41 #ahca4 ,,plate #ch--,,looking ,,north ,,from ,,terminal ,,station4 ,,plate #ci--,,transportation ,,building4 ,,plate #dj--;,a ,,german ,,gateway ,,in ,,wrought ,,iron--,,transportation ,,building4 ,,plate #da--,,the ,,golden ,,door1 ,,transportation ,,building4 ,,plate #db--;,,choral ,,hall4 ,,plate #dc--;,,horticultural ,,building ,,from ,,wooded ,,island4 ,,plate #dd--,,looking ,,south ,,from ,,loggia ,,of ,,woman',s ,,building4 ,,plate #de--,,woman',s ,,building4 ,,plate #df--;,,brazil ,,sweden ,,cafe ,,de ,,la ,,marine ,,fisheries ,,looking ,,east ,,from ,,woman',s ,,building4 ,,plate #dg--,,the ,,illinois ,,building4 ,,plate #dh--,,looking ,,west ,,from ,,cafe ,,de ,,la ,,marine4 ,,plate #di--,,view ,,of ,,japanese ,,tea ,,garden--,,from ,,lagoon4 ,,plate #ej--,,the ,,japanese ,,tea ,,garden4 ,,plate #ea--;,,japanese ,,boat ,,on ,,the ,,lagoon4 ,,plate #eb--;,,cafe ,,de ,,la ,,marine4 ,,plate #ec--;,,fisheries ,,building ,,from ,,wooded ,,island4 ,,plate #ed--,,united ,,states ,,government ,,building ,,and ,,japanese ,,ho-,o-,,den4 ,,plate #ee--,,the ,,japanese ,,ho-,o-,,den4 ,,plate #ef--,,liberal ,,arts ,,building ,,from ,,wooded ,,island4 ,,plate #eg--,,wooded ,,island ,,near ,,horticultural ,,building4 ,,plate #eh--,,merchant ,,tailors ,,building4 ,,plate #ei--,,palace ,,of ,,fine ,,arts4 ,,plate #fj--,,palace ,,of ,,fine ,,arts--,,section ,,of ,,south ,,front4 ,,plate #fa--;,,interior ,,of ,,palace ,,of ,,fine ,,arts4 ,,plate #fb--;,,feeding ,,the ,,ducks4 ,,plate #fc--;,,avenue ,,of ,,state ,,buildings4 ,,plate #fd--,,new ,,york ,,state ,,building4 ,,plate #fe--,,pennsylvania ,,building4 ,,plate #ff--,,looking ,,west ,,from ,,life ,,saving ,,station4 ,,plate #fg--,,united ,,states ,,life ,,saving ,,station4 ,,plate #fh--;,,encampment ,,of ,,west ,,point ,,cadets1 ,,government ,,plaza4 ,,plate #fi--;,,battle ,,ship ,,illinois4 ,,plate #gj--,,the ,,viking ,,ship4 ,,plate #ga--;,,great ,,britain1 ,,victoria ,,house4 ,,plate #gb--;,,buildings ,,of ,,spanish ,,and ,,german ,,governments4 ,,plate #gc--;,,government ,,building1 ,,france4 ,,plate #gd--,,the ,,brazilian ,,building4 ,,plate #ge--;,,government ,,buildings1 ,,sweden1 ,,hayti ,,and ,,new ,,south ,,wales4 ,,plate #gf--;,,government ,,building1 ,,venezuela4 ,,plate #gg--,,turkish ,,building4 ,,plate #gh--;,,guatemala ,,building4 ,,plate #gi--,,the ,,ceylon ,,building4 ,,plate #hj--,,on ,,the ,,beach--,,east ,,of ,,manufactures ,,building4 ,,plate #ha--,,the ,,indian ,,pavilion4 ,,plate #hb--,,whaleback ,,at ,,exposition ,,pier4 ,,plate #hc--,,the ,,moving ,,sidewalk ,,on ,,pier4 ,,plate #hd--;,,convent ,,of ,,la ,,rabida4 ,,plate #he--,,the ,,santa ,,maria4 ,,plate #hf--,,the ,,nina ,,and ,,pinta4 ,,plate #hg--,,the ,,krupp ,,building4 ,,plate #hh--;,,birchbark ,,wigwams ,,of ,,penobscot ,,indians4 ,,plate #hi--;,,houses ,,and ,,totem ,,poles ,,of ,,alaskan ,,indians4 ,,plate #ij--,,the ,,cliff ,,dwellers4 ,,plate #ia--,,the ,,ferris ,,wheel4 ,,plate #ib--,,world',s ,,congress ,,of ,,beauty1 ,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #ic--;,,blarney ,,castle1 ,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #id--;,,hagenbeck',s ,,arena--,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #ie--;,,donegal ,,castle1 ,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #if--,,the ,,samoan ,,village--,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #ig--,,the ,,midway1 ,,looking ,,west4 ,,plate #ih--,,the ,,midway1 ,,from ,,ferris ,,wheel1 ,,looking ,,east4 ,,plate #ii--;,,entrance ,,to ,,the ,,german ,,village1 ,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #ajj--;,,german ,,village--,,midway4 ,,plate #aja--,,the ,,johore ,,bungalow--,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #ajb--;,,in ,,the ,,turkish ,,bazaar4 ,,plate #ajc--;,a ,,minaret ,,in ,,the ,,cairo ,,street--,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #ajd--,,turkish ,,ladies ,,in ,,turkish ,,village--,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #aje--;,,ferris ,,wheel--,,from ,,the ,,west4 ,,plate #ajf--;,,entrance ,,to ,,old ,,vienna--,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #ajg--,,sausage ,,vender--,,old ,,vienna4 ,,plate #ajh--,,old ,,vienna--,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #aji--;,,east ,,court ,,in ,,old ,,vienna4 ,,plate #aaj--;,,dahomey ,,village--,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #aaa--,,the ,,lapland ,,village--,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #aab--,,types ,,of ,,the ,,arabian ,,village--,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #aac--,,scene ,,at ,,arabian ,,village--,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #aad--;,,in ,,the ,,arabian ,,village--,,on ,,the ,,midway4 ,,plate #aae--;,,court ,,of ,,honor ,,from ,,administration ,,building4 ,end of ,,official ,,views ,,of ,,the ,,world',s ,,columbian ,,exposition ,excerpt from ,history of the ,united ,states4 ,,chapter ,v4 ,,the ,,world',s ,,columbian ,,exposition ,illustration3 ,parade4 ,columbian ,celebration1 ,new ,york1 ,april #bh1 #ahic4 ,parade passing ,fifth ,avenue ,hotel4 ,the thought of celebrating by a world's fair the third centennial of ,columbus's immortal deed anticipated the anniversary by several years4 ,congress organized the exposition so early as #ahij1 fixing ,chicago as its seat4 ,that city was commodious1 central1 typically ,american4 ,a ,national ,commission was appointed2 also an ,executive ,committee1 a ,board of ,reference and ,control1 a ,chicago ,local ,board1 and a ,board of ,lady ,managers4 ,the task of preparation was herculean4 ,jackson ,park had to be changed from a dreary lakeside swamp into a lovely city1 with roads1 lawns1 groves and flowers1 canals1 lagoons and bridges1 a dozen palaces1 and ten score other edifices4 ,an army of workmen1 also fire1 police1 ambulance1 hospital1 and miscellaneous service was organized4 ,wednesday1 ,october #ba 7,old ,style1 ,october #ab71 #ahib1 was observed as ,columbus ,day1 marking the four hundredth anniversary of ,columbus's discovery4 ,a reception was held in the ,chicago ,auditorium1 followed by dedication of the buildings and grounds at ,jackson ,park and an award of medals to artists and architects4 ,many cities held corresponding observances4 ,new ,york chose ,october #abth for the anniversary4 ,on ,april #bf-bh1 #ahic1 again1 the eastern metropolis was enlivened by grand parades honoring ,columbus4 ,in the naval display1 ,april #bb;d1 thirty-five war ships and more than #aj1jjj men of divers flags1 took part4 ,illustration3 ,three small ships4 ,pinta1 ,santa ,maria1 ,nina1 lying in the ,north ,river1 ,new ,york4 ,the caravels which crossed from ,spain to be present at the ,world's ,fair at ,chicago4 ,between ,columbus ,day and the opening of the ,exposition came the presidential election of #ahib4 ,ex-,president ,cleveland had been nominated on the first ballot1 in spite of the ,hill delegation sent from his home ,state to oppose4 ,harrison1 too1 had overcome ,platt1 ,hill's ,republican counterpart in ,new ,york1 and in ,pennsylvania had preferred ,john ,wanamaker to ,quay4 ,but ,harrison was not magnetic like ,blaine4 ,with what politicians call the boy element of a party1 he was especially weak4 ,stalwarts complained that he was ready to profit by their services1 but abandoned them under fire4 ,the circumstances connected with the civil service that so told against ,cleveland four years before1 now hurt ,harrison equally4 ,though no doubt sincerely favoring reform1 he had1 like his predecessor1 succumbed to the machine in more than one instance4 ,the campaign was conducted in good humor and without personalities4 ,owing to ,australian voting and to a more sensitive public opinion1 the election was much purer than that of #ahhh4 ,the ,republicans defended ,mc,kinley protection1 boasting of it as sure1 among other things1 to transfer the tin industry from ,wales to ,america4 ,free sugar was also made prominent4 ,some cleavage was now manifest between ,east and ,west upon the tariff issue4 ,in the ,west reciprocity was the ,republican slogan2 in the ,east1 protection4 ,near the ,atlantic1 ,democrats contented themselves with advocacy of freer raw materials 2 those by the ,mississippi denounced ,republican protection as fraud and robbery4 ,if the platform gave color to the charge that ,democrats wished ,british free trade1 ,mr4 ,cleveland's letter of acceptance was certainly conservative4 ,populism1 emphasizing ,state aid to industry1 particularly in behalf of the agricultural class1 made great gains in the election4 ,general ,weaver was its presidential nominee4 ,in ,colorado1 ,idaho1 ,kansas1 and ,wyoming most ,democrats voted for him4 ,partial fusion of the sort prevailed also in ,north ,dakota1 ,nevada1 ,minnesota1 and ,oregon4 ,weaver carried all these ,states save the two last named4 ,in ,louisiana and ,alabama ,republicans fused with ,populists4 ,the ,tillman movement in ,south ,carolina1 nominally ,democratic1 was akin to ,populism1 but was complicated with the color question1 and later with novel liquor legislation4 ,it was a revolt of the ordinary whites from the traditional dominance of the aristocracy4 ,in ,alabama a similar movement1 led by ,reuben ,f4 ,kolb1 was defeated1 as he thought1 by vicious manipulation of votes in the ,black ,belt4 ,illustration3 ,large building in the background1 foot bridge in the foreground4 ,the ,manufactures and liberal ,arts ,building1 seen from the southwest4 ,of the total four hundred and forty-four electoral votes ,cleveland received two hundred and seventy-seven1 a plurality of one hundred and thirty-two4 ,the ,senate now held forty-four ,democrats1 thirty-seven ,republicans1 and four ,populists2 the ,house two hundred and sixteen ,democrats1 one hundred and twenty-five ,republicans1 and eleven ,populists4 ,early on the opening day of the ,exposition1 ,may #a1 #ahic1 the ,chief ,magistrate of the nation sat beside ,columbus's descendant1 the ,duke of ,veragua4 ,patient multitudes were waiting for the gates of ,jackson ,park to swing4 ,it only remains for you1 ,mr4 ,president1 said the ,director-,general1 concluding his address1 if in your opinion the ,exposition here presented is commensurate in dignity with what the world should expect of our great country1 to direct that it shall be opened to the public4 ,when you touch this magic key the ponderous machinery will start in its revolutions and the activity of the ,exposition will begin4 ,after a brief response ,mr4 ,cleveland laid his finger on the key4 ,a tumult of applause mingled with the jubilant melody of ,handel's ,hallelujah ,chorus4 ,myriad wheels revolved1 waters gushed and sparkled1 bells pealed and artillery thundered1 while flags and gonfalons fluttered forth4 ,the ,exposition formed a huge quadrilateral upon the westerly shore of ,lake ,michigan1 from whose waters one passed by the ,north ,inlet into the ,north ,pond1 or by the ,south ,inlet into the ,south ,pond4 ,these united with the central ,grand ,basin in the peerless ,court of ,honor4 ,the grounds and buildings were of surpassing magnitude and splendor4 ,interesting but simple features were the village of ,states1 the ,nations' tabernacles1 lying almost under the guns of the facsimile battleship ,illinois1 and the pigmy caravels1 ,nina1 ,pinta1 and ,santa ,maria1 named and modelled after those that bore ,columbus to the ,new ,world4 ,these1 like their originals1 had fared from ,spain across the ,atlantic1 and then had come by the ,st1 ,lawrence and the ,lakes1 without portage1 to their moorings at ,chicago4 ,illustration3 ,large domed building4 ,horticultural ,building1 with ,illinois ,building in the background4 ,near the centre of the ground stood the ,government ,building1 with a ready-made look out of keeping with the other architecture4 ,critics declared it the only discordant note in the symphony1 ,looking from the ,illinois ,building across the ,north pond1 one saw the ,art ,palace1 of pure ,ionic style1 perfectly proportioned1 restful to view1 contesting with the ,administration ,building for the architectural laurels of the ,fair4 ,south of the ,illinois ,building rose the ,woman's ,building1 and next ,horticultural ,hall1 with dome high enough to shelter the tallest palms4 ,the ,manufactures and ,liberal ,arts ,building1 of magnificent proportions1 did not tyrannize over its neighbors1 though thrice the size of ,st4 ,peter's at ,rome1 and able easily to have sheltered the ,vendome ,column4 ,it was severely classical1 with a long perspective of arches1 broken only at the corners and in the centre by portals fit to immortalize ,alexander's triumphs4 ,the artistic jewel of the ,exposition was the ,court of ,honor4 ,down the ,grand ,basin you saw the noble statue of the ,republic1 in dazzling gold1 with the peristyle beyond1 a forest of columns surmounted by the ,columbus quadriga4 ,on the right hand stood the ,agricultural ,building1 upon whose summit the ,diana of ,augustus ,st4 ,gaudens had alighted4 ,to the left ,to the left stood the enormous ,hall of ,manufactures4 ,looking from the peristyle the eye met the ,administration ,building1 a rare exemplification of the ,french school1 the dome resembling that of the ,hotel des lnvalides in ,paris4 ,illustration3 ,many pedestrians surrounded by large classical building4 ,a view toward the ,peristyle from ,machinery ,hall4 ,a most unique conception was the ,cold ,storage ,building1 where a hundred tons at ice were made daily4 ,save for the entrance1 flanked by windows1 and the fifth floor1 designed for an ice skating rink1 its walls were blank4 ,four corner towers set off the fifth1 which rose from the centre sheer to a height of #bbe feet4 ,the cheering coolness of this building was destined not to last4 ,early in the afternoon of ,july #ajth flames burst out from the top of the central tower4 ,delaying his departure until he had provided against explosion1 the brave engineer barely saved his life4 ,firemen were soon on hand4 ,sixteen of them forthwith made their way to the balcony near the blazing summit4 ,suddenly their retreat was cut off by a burst of fire from the base of the tower4 ,the rope and hose parted and precipitated a number who were sliding back to the roof4 ,others leaped from the colossal torch4 ,in an instant1 it seemed1 the whole pyre was swathed in flames4 ,as it toppled1 the last wretched form was seen to poise and plunge with it into the glowing abyss4 ,the ,fisheries ,building received much attention4 ,its pillars were twined with processions of aquatic creatures and surmounted by capitals quaintly resembling lobster-pots4 ,its balustrades were supported by small fishy caryatids4 ,if wonder fatigued the visitor1 he reached sequestered shade and quiet upon the ,wooded ,island1 where nearly every variety of ,american tree and shrub might be seen4 ,the ,government's displays were of extreme interest4 ,the ,war ,department exhibits showed our superiority in heavy ordnance1 likewise that of ,europe in small arms4 ,a first-class post-office was operated on the grounds4 ,a combination postal car1 manned by the most expert sorters and operators1 interested vast crowds4 ,close by was an ancient mail coach once actually captured by the ,indians1 with effigies of the pony express formerly so familiar on the ,western plains1 of a mail sledge drawn by dogs1 and of a mail carrier mounted on a bicycle4 ,models of a quaint little ,mississippi mail steamer and of the ocean steamer ,paris stood side by side4 ,illustration3 ,two large domed buildings4 ,the ,administration ,building1 seen from the ,agricultural ,building4 ,swarms visited the ,midway ,plaisance1 a long avenue out from the fair grounds proper1 lined with shows4 ,here were villages transported from the ends of the earth1 animal shows1 theatres1 and bazaars4 ,cairo ,street boasted #b1bej1jjj visitors1 and the ,hagenbeck ,circus over #b1jjj1jjj4 ,the chief feature was the ,ferris ,wheel1 described in engineering terms as a cantilever bridge wrought around two enormous bicycle wheels4 ,the axle1 supported upon steel pyramids1 alone weighed more than a locomotive4 ,in cars strung upon its periphery passengers were swung from the ground far above the highest buildings4 ,illustration3 ,several hundred guests4 ,midway ,plaisance1 ,world's ,fair1 ,chicago4 ,facilitating passenger transportation to and from the ,fair remarkable railway achievements were made4 ,one train from ,new ,york to ,chicago covered over #dh miles an hour1 including stops4 ,in preparation for the event the ,illinois ,central raised its tracks for two and a half miles over thirteen city streets1 built #cjj special cars1 and erected many new stations4 ,these improvements cost over #b1jjj1jjj4 ,the ,fair increased ,illinois ,central traffic over #bjj per cent4 ,save the ,art ,building1 the structures at the ,fair were designed to be temporary1 and they were superfluous when the occasion which called them into being had passed4 ,the question of disposing of them was summarily solved4 ,one day some boys playing near the ,terminal ,station saw a sinister leer of flame inside4 ,a high wind soon blew a conflagration1 which enveloped the structures1 leaving next day naught but ashes1 tortured iron work1 and here and there an arch1 to tell of the regal ,white ,city that had been4 ,illustration3 ,smoke pouring from a large building4 ,electricity ,building4 ,mines and ,mining ,building4 ,the ,burning of the ,white ,city4 ,the financial backers of the ,fair showed no mercenary temper4 ,the architects1 too1 worked with public spirit and zeal which money never could have elicited4 ,notwithstanding the ,world's ,fair was not financially a success1 this was rather to the credit of its unstinted magnificence than to the want of public appreciation4 ,the paid admissions were over #ba1jjj1jjj1 a daily average of #abj1jjj4 ,the gross attendance exceeded by nearly a million the number at the ,paris ,exposition of #ahhi for the corresponding period1 though rather more than half a million below the total at the ,french capital4 ,the monthly average at ,chicago increased from #a1jjj1jjj at first to #g1jjj1jjj in ,october4 ,the crowd was typical of the best side of ,american life2 orderly1 good-natured1 intelligent1 sober4 ,the grounds were clean1 and there was no ruffianism4 ,of the #cb1ihh worth of property reported stolen1 #ca1hge was recovered and restored4