,a ,,book ,,= ,,all ,,read]s ,,design$ ,,z ,,an ,,aid ,,to ,,! ,,collection1 ,,use1 ,,& ,,pres]vation ,,( ,,books ,,& ,,! ,,=mation ,,( ,,public ,,& ,,private ,,libr>ies ,,by ,,a9swor? ,,r& ,,sp(=d ,g4 ,p4 ,,putnam',s ,,sons ,,new ,,york ,,london #aijj ,,copyright #aijj ,,by ,a ,r ,,sp(=d ,,table ,,( ,,cont5ts4 ,*apt] ,page #a4 ,,! ,,*oice ,,( ,,books1 #c #b4 ,,book ,,buy+1 #cc #c4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,book ,,b9d+1 #ej #d4 ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,! ,,%elves3 ,,book ,,plates1 ,c41 #hh #e4 ,,! ,,enemies ,,( ,,books1 #aja #f4 ,,re/oration ,,& ,,reclamation ,,( ,,books1 #aai #g4 ,,pamphlet ,,lit]ature1 #ade #h4 ,,p]iodical ,,lit]ature1 #aeg #i4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,read+1 #aga #aj4 ,,aids ,,to ,,read]s1 #aij #aa4 ,,access ,,to ,,libr>y ,,%elves1 #bae #ab4 ,,! ,,faculty ,,( ,,memory1 #bbf #ac4 ,,qualifications ,,( ,,libr>ians1 #bdb #ad4 ,,"s ,,( ,,! ,,uses ,,( ,,libr>ies1 #bge #ae4 ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,libr>ies1 #bhg #af4 ,,libr>y ,,build+s ,,& ,,furni%+s1 #cba #ag4 ,,libr>y ,,manag]s ,,or ,,tru/ees1 #ccc #ah4 ,,libr>y ,,regulations1 #cda #ai4 ,,libr>y ,,reports ,,& ,,adv]tis+1 #cdi #bj4 ,,! ,,=mation ,,( ,,libr>ies1 #ceg #ba4 ,,classification1 #cfb #bb4 ,,catalogues1 #cgc #bc4 ,,copyright ,,& ,,libr>ies1 #djj #bd4 ,,poetry ,,( ,,! ,,libr>y1 #dag #be4 ,,humors ,,( ,,! ,,libr>y1 #dcj #bf4 ,,r>e ,,books1 #ddd #bg4 ,,bibliography1 #dei ,,index1 #eja ,a ,,book ,,= ,,all ,,read]s ,,*apt] #a4 ,,! ,,*oice ,,( ,,books4 ,:5 we survey ! really illimitable field ( human k1 ! va/ accumulation ( works already pr9t$1 & ! ev]-increas+ flood ( new books p\r$ out by ! mod]n press1 ! fir/ feel+ :i* is apt to arise 9 ! m9d is "o ( dismay1 if n ( despair4 ,we ask--:o is suffici5t = ^! ?+s8 ,:at life is long en\gh--:at intellect /rong en\gh1 to ma/] ev5 a ti! ( ! le>n+ :i* all ^! books conta98 ,b ! reflection comes to our aid t1 aft] all1 ! really important books be> b a small proportion to ! mass4 ,mo/ books are b repetitions1 9 a diff]5t =m1 ( :at has already be5 _m times writt5 & pr9t$4 ,! r>e/ ( lit]>y qualities is orig9ality4 ,mo/ writ]s are m]e e*oes1 & ! great] "p ( lit]ature is ! p\r+ out ( "o bottle into ano!r4 ,if y c get hold ( ! few really be/ books1 y c well af=d to be ignorant ( all ! re/4 ,! read] :o has ma/]$ ,kames's ,elem5ts ( ,criticism1 ne$ n sp5d 8 "t ov] ! multitud9\s treatises ^u rhetoric4 ,he :o has read ,plut>*'s ,lives ?or\ghly has be=e him a gall]y ( h]oes :i* w g f>!r to in/ruct him 9 ! elem5ts ( "* ?an a :ole libr>y ( mod]n biographies4 ,! /ud5t ( ! be/ plays ( ,%akespe>e may save 8 "t by lett+ o!r & inf]ior dramati/s alone4 ,he ^: imag9ation has be5 f$ ^u ,hom]1 ,dante1 ,milton1 ,burns1 & ,t5nyson1 ) a few ( ! _w's ma/]-pieces 9 s+le poems l ,gray's ,elegy1 may disp5se ) ! :ole race ( poeta/]s4 ,until y h read ! be/ fictions ( ,scott1 ,?ack]ay1 ,dick5s1 ,haw?orne1 ,george ,eliot1 & ,victor ,hugo1 y %\ld n be hungry aft] ! la/ new novel1--sure to be =gott5 9 a ye>1 :ile ! =m] are p]5nial4 ,! ta/e :i* is once =m$ ^u models su* z h be5 nam$1 w n be satisfi$ ) ! tra%y book1 or ! spasmodic s*ool ( writ+4 ,:at k9d ( books %\ld =m ! pr$om9ant "p 9 ! selection ( our read+1 is a "q admitt+ ( widely diff]+ op9ions4 ,rigid utilit>ians may hold t only books ( fact1 ( hi/ory & sci5ce1 works cramm$ full ( k1 %\ld be enc\rag$4 ,o!rs w plead 9 behalf ( light] read+1 or = a univ]sal range4 ,x mu/ be admitt$ t ! mo/ attractive read+ to ! mass ( p is n sci5tific or philosophical4 ,b !re are _m v attractive books outside ! field ( sci5ce1 & outside ! realm ( fiction1 books capable ( yield+ pleasure z well z in/ruction4 ,!re are few books t r5d] a m sub/antial b5efit to read]s ( any age ?an good biographies4 ,9 !m we f9d ^? p]sonal exp]i5ces & adv5tures1 ^? traits ( "*1 t environm5t ( social & dome/ic life1 :i* =m ! *ief int]e/ 9 works ( fiction4 ,9 fact1 ! novel1 9 its be/ e/ate1 is only biography amplifi$ by imag9ation1 & enliv5$ by dialogue4 ,& ! novel is successful only :5 x succe$s 9 depict+ ! mo/ truly ! sc5es1 circum/ances1 & *>act]s ( real life4 ,a well writt5 biography1 l t ( ,dr4 ,johnson1 by ,boswell1 ,walt] ,scott1 by ,lockh>t1 or ,*>les ,dick5s1 by ,=/]1 gives ! read] an insight into ! hi/ory ( ! times !y liv$ 91 ! social1 political1 & lit]>y environm5t1 & ! impress ( _! fam\s writ+s ^u _! contempor>ies4 ,9 ! autobiography ( ,dr4 ,frankl91 "o ( ! mo/ *>m+ n>ratives ev] writt51 we are tak5 into ! writ]'s confid5ce1 sympa?ize ) 8 e>ly /ruggles1 mi/akes1 & successes1 & le>n h[ he made himself1 f a poor boy sell+ ballads on ,bo/on /reets1 into a lead] among m51 :om two worlds h delight$ to honor4 ,ano!r mo/ int]e/+ book ( biography is t ( ! bro!rs ,william & ,rob]t ,*amb]s1 ! fam\s publi%]s ( ,ed9burgh1 :o did m to diffuse useful k1 & to educate ! p1 by _! manifold *eap issues ( improv+ & ent]ta9+ lit]ature1 ?an 0 ev] done by ! ,briti% ,useful ,k ,society itself4 ,! ,fr5* nation has1 ( all o!rs1 ! greate/ g5ius = p]sonal memoirs1 & ! pa/ two c5turies are br\ght f> m vividly be=e u 9 ^! free-spok5 & (t5 amus+ *ronicles1 ?an 9 all ! =mal hi/ories4 ,among ! mo/ readable ( ^! 7comp>atively few hav+ be5 translat$ into ,engli%7 are ! ,memoirs ( ,m>montel1 ,r\sseau1 ,madame ,rmusat1 ,amiel1 & ,madame ,de ,/al4 ,! rec5tly publi%$ memoirs by ,imb]t de ,/4 ,am&1 ( c\rt life 9 ,france 9 ! times ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 ,joseph9e1 ,m>ie ,l\ise1 & o!r p]iods1 :ile ha/ily writt5 & n always accurate1 are lively & ent]ta9+4 ,! ,engli% p fall f> beh9d ! ,fr5* 9 biographic skill1 & _m ( _! memoirs are z heavy & dull z ! p]sons :om !y commemorate4 ,b !re are bright exceptions1 9 ! lives ( lit]>y m5 & wom51 & 9 "s ( ^? ( not$ public m5 9 *ur* & /ate4 ,?us1 !re are few books m enjoyable ?an ,sydney ,smi?'s ,memoirs & ,lett]s1 or ,greville's ,j\rnals cov]+ ! p]iod includ+ ,george ,,iv to ,victoria1 or ! ,life & ,lett]s ( ,macaulay1 or ,mrs4 ,gaskell's ,*>lotte ,bront1 or ! memoirs ( ,h>riet ,m>t9eau1 or ,boswell's ,life ( ,dr4 ,johnson4 ,among ! brief] biographies wor?y ( special m5tion are ! s]ies ( ,engli% ,m5 ( ,lett]s1 edit$ by ,john ,morley1 & writt5 by "s ( ! be/ ( contempor>y ,briti% writ]s4 ,!y embrace memoirs ( ,*auc]1 ,sp5s]1 ,bacon1 ,sidney1 ,milton1 ,de ,foe1 ,swift1 ,/]ne1 ,field+1 ,locke1 ,dryd51 ,pope1 ,johnson1 ,gray1 ,addison1 ,goldsmi?1 ,burke1 ,hume1 ,gibbon1 ,bunyan1 ,b5tley1 ,%]idan1 ,burns1 ,c[p]1 ,s\!y1 ,scott1 ,byron1 ,lamb1 ,col]idge1 ,keats1 ,%elley1 ,wordswor?1 ,de ,qu9cey1 ,macaulay1 ,l&or1 ,dick5s1 ,?ack]ay1 ,haw?orne1 & ,c>lyle4 ,^! biographies1 be+ q comp5di\s1 & 9 ! ma9 v well writt51 af=d to busy read]s a %ort-h& me?od ( acqua9t+ !mselves ) mo/ ( ! notable writ]s ( ,brita91 _! p]sonal *>act]i/ics1 _! relation to _! contempor>ies1 & ! quality & influ5ce ( _! works4 ,am]icans h n z yet illu/rat$ ! field ( biographic lit]ature by _m notably skilful examples4 ,we are especially defici5t 9 good autobiographies1 s t ,dr4 ,frankl9's /&s almo/ alone 9 s+ul> m]it 9 t class4 ,we h an abundance ( lives ( notable g5]als1 pr(essional m51 & politicians1 9 :i* indiscrim9ate eulogy & p>tisan%ip too (t5 usurp ! place ( actual facts1 & ! tru? ( hi/ory is di/ort$ to glorify ! m]its ( ! subject ( ! biography4 ,! great success ( ,g5]al ,grant's own ,memoirs1 too1 has l$ publi%]s to tempt _m public m5 9 milit>y or civil life1 into ! field ( p]sonal memoirs1 n z yet ) di/+ui%$ success4 ,x 7 to be wi%$ t m writ]s possess$ ( "s lit]>y skill1 :o h borne a "p 9 ! wond]ful drama involv+ m5 & ev5ts enact$ 9 ?is c\ntry dur+ ! c5tury n[ draw+ to a close1 _h giv5 u _! s9c]e p]sonal impressions 9 autobiographic =m4 ,su* n>ratives1 9 proportion z !y are tru?ful1 are f> m tru/wor?y ?an hi/ory writt5 long aft] ! ev5t by au?ors :o 7 nei!r obs]v]s nor p>ticipants 9 ! sc5es :i* !y describe4 ,among ,am]ican biographies :i* w help ! read] to ga9 a tol]ably wide acqua9tance ) ! m5 & affairs ( ! pa/ c5tury 9 ?is c\ntry1 are ! s]ies ( ,lives ( ,am]ican ,/atesm51 ( :i* ?irty volumes h be5 publi%$4 ,^! include ,wa%+ton1 ! ,adamses1 ,jeff]son1 ,frankl91 ,hamilton1 ,jay1 ,madison1 ,m>%all1 ,monroe1 ,h5ry1 ,gallat91 ,morris1 ,r&olph1 ,jackson1 ,van ,bur51 ,web/]1 ,clay1 ,calh\n1 ,cass1 ,b5ton1 ,sew>d1 ,l9coln1 ,*ase1 ,/ev5s1 & ,sumn]4 ,:ile ^! ,memoirs are ( v unequal m]it1 !y are suffici5tly in/ructive to be valuable to all /ud5ts ( our national hi/ory4 ,ano!r v useful s]ies is t ( ,am]ican ,m5 ( ,lett]s1 edit$ by ,*>les ,dudley ,w>n]1 9 fifte5 volumes1 :i* already includes ,frankl91 ,bryant1 ,coop]1 ,irv+1 ,noah ,web/]1 ,simms1 ,poe1 ,em]son1 ,ripley1 ,m>g>et ,full]1 ,willis1 ,?oreau1 ,taylor1 & ,curtis4 ,9 ! dep>tm5t ( hi/ory1 ! be/ books = le>n]s are n always ! mo/ fam\s4 ,any m]e synopsis ( univ]sal hi/ory is necess>ily dry read+1 b = a con/ant help 9 ref]5ce1 guid+ "o to ! be/ orig9al s\rces1 "u ea* c\ntry1 & ) v readable extracts f ! be/ writ]s treat+ on ea* p]iod1 ! late "w ( ,j4 ,n4 ,l>n$1 ,hi/ory = ,ready ,ref]5ce1 five volumes1 w be f\nd invaluable4 ,brew]'s ,hi/oric ,note ,book1 9 a s+le volume1 answ]s _m hi/oric qu]ies 9 a s+le glance at ! alphabet4 ,= ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ei!r ,john ,fiske's or ,eggle/on's is an excell5t comp5d1 :ile = ! fulle/ treatm5t1 ,bancr(t's cov]s ! p]iod f ! discov]y ( ,am]ica up to ! adoption ( ! con/itution 9 #aghi1 9 a /yle at once full1 classical1 & picturesque4 ,= cont9uations1 ,mc,master's ,hi/ory ( ! ,p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates cov]s ! p]iod f #aghi to #ahbd1 & is be+ cont9u$4 ,james ,s*\l] has writt5 a ,hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates f #aghi to #ahfa1 9 five volumes1 :ile ,j4 ,f4 ,rhodes ably cov]s ! ye>s #ahej to ! ,civil ,w> ) a mu* m copi\s n>rative4 ,= ! annals ( ,engl&1 ! ,%ort ,hi/ory ( ,engl& by ,j4 ,r4 ,gre5 is a mo/ excell5t comp5d4 ,= m elaborate works1 ! hi/ories ( ,hume & ,macaulay br+ ! /ory ( ! ,briti% ,empire d[n to ab\t #agjj4 ,= ! m mod]n p]iod1 ,lecky's ,hi/ory ( ,engl& 9 ! #ah? c5tury is excell5t1 & = ! pres5t c5tury1 ,mc,carthy's ,hi/ory ( ,our ,own ,"t1 & ,miss ,m>t9eau's ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 #ahae-eb1 are well writt5 works4 ,fr5* hi/ory is briefly treat$ 9 ! ,/ud5t's ,hi/ory ( ,france1 :ile ,guizot's complete ,hi/ory1 9 eight volumes1 gives a mu* full] acc\nt1 f ! beg9n+s ( ,france 9 ! ,roman p]iod1 to ! ye> #ahdh4 ,c>lyle's ,fr5* ,revolution is a spl5did picture ( t wond]ful epo*1 & ,sloane's ,hi/ory ( ,napoleon gives v full details ( ! lat] p]iod4 ,= ! hi/ory ( ,g]many1 ,au/ria1 ,russia1 ,france1 ,spa91 ,italy1 ,holl&1 & o!r c\ntries1 ! v>i\s works 9 ! ,/ory ( ! ,nations s]ies1 are excell5t brief hi/ories4 ,motley's ,rise ( ! ,dut* ,republic & 8 ,unit$ ,ne!rl&s are highly important & well writt5 hi/orical works4 ,! annals ( ! anci5t _w are elaborately & ably set =? 9 ,grote's ,hi/ory ( ,greece1 ,m]ivale's ,rome1 & ,gibbon's ,decl9e & ,fall ( ! ,roman ,empire4 ,ano!r class ( books closely alli$ to biography & hi/ory1 is ! correspond5ce ( public m51 & m5 ( lett]s1 ) fri5ds & contempor>ies4 ,^! famili> lett]s frequ5tly give u views ( social1 public1 & pr(essional life :i* are ( absorb+ int]e/4 ,among ! be/ lett]s ( ?is class may be reckon$ ! correspond5ce ( ,horace ,walpole1 ,madame de ,svign1 ! poets ,gray & ,c[p]1 ,"l ,macaulay1 ,"l ,byron1 & ,*>les ,dick5s4 ,writt5 = ! mo/ "p ) un/udi$ ease & unres]ve1 !y ent]ta9 ! read] ) con/ant v>iety ( incid5t & "*1 :ile at ! same "t !y ?r[ innum]able side-lights ^u ! society & ! hi/ory ( ! "t4 ,next1 we may come to ! ma/]-pieces ( ! essay-writ]s4 ,y w (t5 f9d t ! be/ treatise on any subject is ! briefe/1 because ! writ] is put ^u cond5sation & po9t$ /atem5t1 by ! v =m & limitations ( ! essay1 or ! review or magaz9e article4 ,book-writ]s are apt to be diffuse & episodical1 hav+ s ext5sive a canvas to cov] ) _! lit]>y designs4 ,among ! f9e/ ( ! essayi/s are ,montaigne1 ,"l ,bacon1 ,addison1 ,goldsmi?1 ,macaulay1 ,sir ,james ,/eph51 ,c>d9al ,newman1 ,de ,qu9cey1 ,*>les ,lamb1 ,wa%+ton ,irv+1 ,em]son1 ,fr\de1 ,l[ell1 & ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes4 ,y may sp5d _m a delightful h\r 9 ! p]usal ( any "o ( ^! au?ors4 ,we come n[ to poetry1 :i* "s p consid] v unsub/antial pabulum1 b :i* =ms "o ( ! mo/ preci\s & inspir+ portions ( ! lit]ature ( ! _w4 ,9 all ages1 ! true poet has ex]cis$ an influ5ce ^u m5's m9ds t is unsurpass$ by t ( any o!r class ( writ]s4 ,& ! reason is n f> to seek4 ,poetry deals ) ! highe/ ?\ghts1 9 ! mo/ expressive language4 ,x gives utt]ance to all ! s5tim5ts & passions ( humanity 9 rhy?mic & h>moni\s v]se4 ,! poet's l9es are rememb]$ long aft] ! f9e/ compositions ( ! writ]s ( prose are =gott54 ,!y fa/5 !mselves 9 ! memory by ! v fl[ & cad5ce ( ! v]se1 & !y m9i/] to t s5se ( melody t dwells 9 e human bra94 ,:at ! _w owes to its great poets c nev] be fully measur$4 ,b "s fa9t idea ( x may be ga9$ f ! wondr\s /imulus giv5 ?r\gh !m to ! imag9ative p[]1 & f ! fact t ^? s5tim5ts ( human sympa?y1 ju/ice1 virtue1 & fre$om1 :i* inspire ! be/ poetry ( all nations1 become soon] or lat] inc>nat$ 9 _! in/itutions4 ,?is is ! real significance ( ! (t-quot$ say+ ( ,&rew ,flet*]1 t /\t ,scot* republican ( two c5turies ago1 t if "o 7 p]mitt$ to make all ! ballads ( a nation1 he ne$ n c>e :o %\ld make ! laws4 ,9 ! be/ poetry1 ! felicity ( its expressions ( ?\ght1 jo9$ ) _! rhy?mical =m1 makes x easy = ! read] to lay up almo/ unconsci\sly a /ore 9 ! memory ( ! noble/ poetic s5tim5ts1 to com=t or to div]t him 9 _m a we>y or tr\bl$ h\r4 ,h5ce "t is well sp5t 9 read+ ov] & ov] aga9 ! great poems ( ! _w4 ,f> bett] & wis] is ?is1 ?an to wa/e x ^u ! newe/ tra% t captivates ! popul> fancy1 = ! la/ w only tickle ! intellectual palate = an h\r1 or a day1 & be !n =gott51 :ile ! =m] w make "o bett] & wis] = all "t4 ,nor ne$ "o seek to read ! works ( v _m writ]s 9 ord] to fill 8 m9d ) images ( tru? & beauty :i* w dwell ) him =ev]4 ,! really great poets 9 ! ,engli% tongue may be c\nt$ ^u ! f+]s4 ,%akespe>e fitly heads ! li/--a _w's classic1 unsurpass$ = rea* ( imag9ation1 v>iety ( sc5es & *>act]s1 pr(\nd insight1 ideal p[]1 l(ty eloqu5ce1 moral purpose1 ! mo/ mov+ pa?os1 alt]nat+ ) ! f9e/ humor1 & diction unequall$ = /r5g? & beauty ( expression4 ,milton1 too1 9 8 m9or poems1 has giv5 u "s ( ! noble/ v]se 9 ! language4 ,!re is poetry en\gh 9 8 ,l',allegro & ,il ,p5s]oso to furni% =? a :ole galaxy ( poets4 ,sp5s] & ,pope1 ,gray & ,campbell1 ,goldsmi? & ,burns1 ,wordswor? & ! ,br[n+s1 ,t5nyson & ,longfell[1--^! are among ! o!r =emo/ names 9 ! catalogue ( poets :i* none c af=d to neglect4 ,add to ^! ! be/ translations ( ,hom]1 ,virgil1 ,horace1 ,dante1 & ,goe!1 & "o ne$ n want = intellectual company & solace 9 y\? or age4 ,among ! books :i* comb9e ent]ta9m5t ) in=mation1 ! be/ n>ratives ( travell]s & voyag]s hold an em95t place4 ,9 !m ! read] enl>ges ! b\nds ( 8 horizon1 & travels 9 companion%ip ) 8 au?or all ov] ! globe4 ,:ile _m1 if n ! mo/1 ( ! books ( mod]n travell]s are fill$ ) petty incid5ts & p]sonal obs]vations ( no importance1 !re are "s wond]fully good books ( ?is attractive class4 ,su* are ,k+lake's ,eo!n1 or traces ( travel 9 ! ,ea/1 ,hel5 ,hunt ,jackson's ,bits ( ,travel1 a volume ( ke5 & amus+ sket*es ( ,g]man & ,fr5* exp]i5ces1 ! books ( ,de ,amicus on ,holl&1 ,con/ant9ople1 & ,p>is1 ^? on ,engl& by ,em]son1 ,haw?orne1 ,william ,w9t]1 & ,ri*>d ,grant ,:ite1 ,curtis's ,nile ,notes1 ,h[ell's ,v5etian ,life1 & ,ta9e's ,italy1 ,rome & ,naples4 ,! wide doma9 ( sci5ce c be b cursorily t\*$ ^u4 ,_m read]s get s ?or\gh a di/a/e = sci5ce 9 e>ly life--ma9ly f ! fe>fully & wond]fully dry text-books 9 :i* our s*ools & colleges h ab\nd$--t !y nev] op5 a sci5tific book 9 lat] ye>s4 ,?is is a pr(\nd mi/ake1 s9ce no "o c af=d to rema9 ignorant ( ! _w 9 :i* we live1 ) its myriad wond]s1 its inexhau/ible beauties1 & its unsolv$ problems4 ,& !re are n[ works produc$ 9 e dep>tm5t ( sci5tific rese>* :i* give 9 a popul> & (t5 9 a fasc9at+ /yle1 ! revelations ( nature :i* h come ?r\gh ! /udy & inve/igation ( man4 ,su* books are ,! ,/>s & ! ,e>?1 ,k+sley's ,glaucus1 or ,wond]s ( ! ,%ore1 ,clodd's ,/ory ( ,creation1 7a cle> acc\nt ( ! evolution !ory7 ,figui]'s ,vegetable ,_w1 & ,pr(essor ,langley's ,new ,a/ronomy4 ,!re are wise speciali/s ^: publi%$ labors h illum9at$ = ! un9=m$ read] e nook & prov9ce ( ! my/]ies ( creation1 f ! w+ ( a beetle to ! orbits ( ! planet>y worlds4 ,!re are few pursuits m fasc9at+ ?an ^? t br+ u acqua9t$ ) ! secrets ( nature1 :e!r dragg$ up f ! dep?s ( ! sea1 or demon/rat$ 9 ! sub/ance & g>niture ( ! gre5 e>?1 or wrung f ! f>-(f worlds 9 ! %9+ heav5s4 ,a ^w only c be sp>$ to ! wide & attractive realm ( fiction4 ,9 ?is field1 ^? are ! be/ books :i* h longe/ kept _! hold ^u ! public m9d4 ,x is a wise plan to neglect ! novels ( ! ye>1 & to read 7or to re-read 9 _m cases7 ! ma/]-pieces :i* h /ood ! te/ ( "t1 & criticism1 & *ang+ fa%ions1 by ! sure v]dict ( a call = cont9ually new editions4 ,ouida & ,trilby may endure = a day1 b ,?ack]ay & ,walt] ,scott are p]5nial4 ,x is bett] to read a f9e old book ?r\gh ?ree times1 ?an to read ?ree new books ?r\gh once4 ,( books m especially devot$ to ! hi/ory ( lit]ature1 9 times anci5t & mod]n1 & 9 v>i\s nations1 ! "n is legion4 ,i c\nt up1 ( hi/ories ( ,engli% lit]ature alone 7leav+ out ! ,am]ican7 no less ?an "o hundr$ & ?irty au?ors on ?is great field or "s portion ( x4 ,to "k :at ones ( ^! to /udy1 & :at to leave alone1 w\ld require critical judgm5t & "t n at my comm&4 ,i c only sugge/ a few kn[n by me to be good4 ,= a succ9ct yet mo/ skilfully writt5 summ>y ( ,engli% writ]s1 !re is no book t c comp>e ) ,/op=d ,a4 ,brooke's ,prim] ( ,engli% ,lit]ature4 ,= m full & detail$ treatm5t1 ,ta9e's ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,lit]ature1 or ,*amb]s' ,cyclopa$ia ( ,engli% ,lit]ature1 two volumes1 ) specim5s ( ! writ]s ( e p]iod1 are ! be/4 ,e4 ,c4 ,/$man's ,victorian ,poets is admirable1 z is also 8 ,poets ( ,am]ica4 ,= a bird's eye view ( ,am]ican au?ors & _! works1 ,c4 ,f4 ,ri*>dson's ,prim] ( ,am]ican ,lit]ature c be /udi$ to advantage1 :ile = m full ref]5ce to our au?ors1 ) specim5s ( ea*1 ,/$man's ,libr>y ( ,am]ican ,lit]ature 9 elev5 volumes1 %\ld be consult$4 ,m4 ,c4 ,tyl]'s v int]e/+ critical ,hi/ory ( ! ,e>ly ,am]ican ,lit]ature1 s little kn[n1 comes d[n 9 its f\r? volume only to ! close ( ! revolution 9 #aghc4 ,= classical lit]ature1 ! importance ( a good g5]al k ( :i* c h>dly be ov]rat$1 ,j4 ,p4 ,mahaffy's ,hi/ory ( ,greek ,lit]ature1 two volumes1 & ,g4 ,a4 ,simcox's ,lat9 ,lit]ature1 two volumes1 may be comm5d$4 ,on ! lit]ature ( mod]n languages1 to ref] only to works writt5 9 ,engli%1 ,sa9tsbury's ,prim] ( ,fr5* ,lit]ature is good1 & ,r4 ,g>nett's ,hi/ory ( ,italian ,lit]ature is admirable 7by ! =m] ,keep] ( ,pr9t$ ,books 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y74 ,lubl9's ,prim] ( ,g]man ,lit]ature is excell5t = a cond5s$ survey ( ! writ]s ( ,g]many1 :ile ,w4 ,s*]]'s ,hi/ory ( ,g]man ,lit]ature1 two volumes1 cov]s a f> wid] field4 ,= ,spani% ,lit]ature 9 its full ext5t1 !re is no "w at all equal to ,george ,ticknor's ?ree volumes1 b = a brief] hi/ory1 ,h4 ,b4 ,cl>k's ,h&-book ( ,spani% ,lit]ature1 ,london1 #ahic1 may be us$4 ,i make no allusion "h to ! _m works ( ref]5ce 9 ! =m ( catalogues & bibliographical works1 :i* may be h]eaft] not$4 ,my aim has be5 only to indicate ! be/ & late/ treatises cov]+ ! lead+ lit]atures ( ! _w1 hav+ no space = ! ,sc&9avian1 ,dut*1 ,portuguese1 ,russian1 or any ( ! ,slavonic or ori5tal tongues4 ,^? :o f9d no "t = /udy+ ! m ext5d$ works nam$1 w f9d mu* pr(it 9 devot+ _! h\rs to ! articles 9 ! ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica ^u ! lit]atures ( ! v>i\s c\ntries4 ,^! are )9 rea* ( ev]yone4 ,! select li/ ( books nam$ 9 ?is *apt] does n by any means aim to cov] ^? :i* are well wor? read+2 b only to indicate a few1 a v few1 ( ! be/4 ,x is bas$ on ! supposition t intellig5t read]s w give f> less "t to fiction ?an to ! m solid food ( hi/ory1 biography1 essays1 travels1 lit]>y hi/ory1 & appli$ sci5ce4 ,! select li/ ( books 9 ! fields already nam$ is design$ to include only ! mo/ improv+ & well-execut$ works4 ,_m w n f9d _! favorites 9 ! li/1 :i* is purposely kept )9 n>r[ limits1 z a sugge/ion only ( a few ( ! be/ books = a home libr>y or = g5]al read+4 ,y w f9d x wise to own1 z e>ly 9 life z possible1 a few ( ! *oice/ productions ( ! great writ]s ( ! _w4 ,^? :o c af=d only a selection f a selection1 c beg9 ) nev] s few ( ! au?ors mo/ desir$1 or :i* !y h n already1 putt+ 9 practice ! advice ( ,%akespe>e3 ,9 brief1 sir1 /udy :at y mo/ affect4 ,says ,john ,rusk93 ,i w\ld urge ^u e "y man to obta9 z soon z he c1 by ! sev]e/ economy1 a re/rict$ & /eadily increas+ s]ies ( books1 = use ?r\gh life2 mak+ 8 little libr>y1 ( all 8 furniture1 ! mo/ /udi$ & decorative piece4 ,& ,h5ry ,w>d ,bee*] urg$ x z ! mo/ important e>ly ambition = cl]ks1 work+ m5 & wom51 & all :o are /ruggl+ up 9 life1 to =m gradually a libr>y ( good books4 ,x is a man's duty1 says he1 to h books4 ,a libr>y is n a luxury1 b "o ( ! necess>ies ( life4 ,& says ,bi%op ,hur/1 urg+ ! vital importance ( wise selection 9 *oos+ our read+3 ,if two-?irds ( ! %elves ( ! typical dome/ic libr>y 7 empti$ ( _! burd51 & *oice books put 9 _! /ead1 !re w\ld be re=mation 9 intellig5ce & ?\ght ?r\gh\t ! civiliz$ _w4 ,,selection ,,( ,,books ,,= ,,public ,,libr>ies4 ,let u n[ consid] ! subject ( books fitt$ = public libr>ies4 ,at ! outset1 x is mo/ important t ea* selection %\ld be made on a well consid]$ plan4 ,no hap-haz>d1 or fitfully1 or ha/ily made collection c answ] ! two ends con/antly to be aim$ at--namely1 fir/1 to select ! be/ & mo/ useful books1 &1 secondly1 to economize ! funds ( ! libr>y4 ,no money %\ld be wa/$ ^u :ims & exp]im5ts1 b e doll> %\ld be devot$ to ! acquisition ( improv+ books4 ,z to ! pr9ciples t %\ld gov]n & ! limitations to be laid d[n1 ^! w dep5d mu* ^u ! scope ( ! libr>y1 & ! am\nt ( its funds4 ,no libr>y ( ! limit$ & mod]ate class commonly f\nd 9 our public t[n libr>ies c af=d to aim at ! univ]sal range ( a national libr>y1 nor ev5 at ! broad selections prop] to a lib]ally end[$ city libr>y4 ,b its aims1 :ile mode/1 %\ld be compreh5sive en\gh to provide a complete selection ( :at may be t]m$ /&>d lit]ature1 = ! read+ public4 ,if ! funds are inadequate to d ?is 9 ! beg9n+1 x %\ld be kept con/antly 9 view1 z ! mon?s & ye>s g on4 ,e great & notable book %\ld be 9 ! libr>y soon] or lat]1 & if possible at its f\ndation4 ,?us w its utility & attractiv5ess bo? be well secur$4 ,tak+ fir/ ! case ( a small public libr>y ab\t to be />t$1 let u see 9 a few lead+ outl9es :at x w ne$4 #a4 ,a selection ( ! be/ works ( ref]5ce %\ld be ! corn]-/one ( e libr>y collection4 ,9 *oos+ ^!1 reg>d mu/ be _h to secure ! late/ z well z ! be/4 ,nev] buy ! fir/ edition ( ,s\le's ,synonymes because x is *eap1 b insi/ ^u ! revis$ & enl>g$ edition ( #ahib4 ,nev] acquire an antiquat$ ,lempri]e's or ,an?on's ,classical ,diction>y1 because "s v5]able libr>y director1 :o us$ x 9 8 boyhood1 sugge/s x1 :5 y c get ,pr(essor ,h4 ,t4 ,peck's ,diction>y ( ,classical ,antiquities1 publi%$ 9 #ahig4 ,nev] be tempt$ to buy an old edition ( an encyclopa$ia at half or qu>t] price1 = x w be sure to lack ! populations ( ! la/ c5sus1 besides be+ a qu>t] ( a c5tury or m 9 arre>s 9 its o!r in=mation4 ,:5 consult+ sale catalogues to select ref]5ce books1 look closely at ! dates ( publication1 & make sure by y\r ,am]ican or ,engli% catalogues t no lat] edition has appe>$4 ,x goes )\t say+ t y w h ^! ess5tial bibliographies1 z well z ,l[ndes' ,manual ( ,engli% ,lit]ature fir/ ( all1 :e!r y are able to buy ,watt & ,brunet or n4 #b4 ,)\t "h /opp+ to treat ( books ( ref]5ce 9 detail1 :i* w appe> 9 ano!r place1 let me ref] to "s o!r great classes ( lit]ature 9 :i* e libr>y %\ld be /rong4 ,hi/ory /&s fairly at ! head1 & :ile a newly e/abli%$ libr>y _c hope to possess at once all ! not$ writ]s1 x %\ld beg9 by secur+ a f9e selection1 embrac+ g5]al hi/ory1 anci5t & mod]n1 & ! hi/ory ( ea* c\ntry1 at lea/ ( ! important nations4 ,= comp5di\s %ort hi/ories1 ! ,/ory ( ! ,nations s]ies1 by v>i\s writ]s1 %\ld be secur$1 & ! m ext5sive works ( ,gibbon1 ,grote1 ,momms51 ,duruy1 ,fyffe1 ,gre51 ,macaulay1 ,fr\de1 ,mc,carthy1 ,c>lyle1 ,?i]s1 ,bancr(t1 ,motley1 ,prescott1 ,fiske1 ,s*\l]1 ,mc,master1 ,buckle1 ,guizot1 etc41 %\ld be acquir$4 ,! copi\s li/s ( hi/orical works app5d$ to ,l>n$'s ,hi/ory = ,ready ,ref]5ce w be useful "h4 #c4 ,biography /&s close to hi/ory 9 int]e/ & importance4 ,= g5]al ref]5ce1 or ! biography ( all nations1 ,lipp9cott's ,univ]sal ,pron\nc+ ,diction>y ( ,biography is ess5tial1 z well z ,appleton's ,cyclopa$ia ( ,am]ican ,biography1 = our own c\ntry4 ,= ,great ,brita91 ! ,diction>y ( ,national ,biography is a m9e ( in=mation1 & %\ld be add$ if funds are suffici5t4 ,c]ta9 sets ( collective biographies :i* are important are ,am]ican ,/atesm51 #bf vols41 ,engli%m5 ( ,lett]s1 -- vols41 ,autobiography1 #cc vols41 ,fam\s ,wom5 s]ies1 #ba vols41 ,h]oes ( ! ,nation s]ies1 #bd vols41 ,am]ican ,pione]s & ,patriots1 #ab vols41 & ,plut>*'s ,lives4 ,!n ( indisp5sable s+le biographies !re are ,boswell's ,johnson1 ,lockh>t's ,scott1 ,fr\de's ,c>lyle1 ,trevelyan's ,macaulay1 ,fr\de's ,caes>1 ,lewes' ,goe!1 etc4 #d4 ,( notable essays1 a high class ( lit]ature 9 :i* !re are _m names1 may be nam$ ,addison1 ,montaigne1 ,bacon1 ,goldsmi?1 ,em]son1 ,lamb1 ,de ,qu9cey1 ,holmes1 ,l[ell1 etc4 #e4 ,poetry /&s at ! head ( all ! lit]ature ( imag9ation4 ,"s p ( highly utilit>ian views decry poetry1 & desire to fe$ all read]s ^u facts4 ,b t ?is is a great mi/ake w be app>5t :5 we consid] t ! highe/ expressions ( moral & intellectual tru? & ! mo/ f9ely wr\ght examples ( lit]ature 9 e nation are 9 poetic =m4 ,take out ( ! _w's lit]ature ! works ( its great poets1 & y w\ld leave x poor inde$4 ,poetry is ! only great s\rce = ! nurture ( imag9ation1 & )\t imag9ation man is a poor creature4 ,i read ! o!r day a dictum ( a c]ta9 writ]1 alleg+ t ,dick5s's ,*ri/mas ,c>ol is f> m effective z a piece ( writ+ ?an ,milton's noble ode ,on ! ,morn+ ( ,*ri/'s ,nativity4 ,su* comp>isons are ( small value4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 no libr>y c sp>e ei!r ( !m4 ,i ne$ n repeat ! famili> names ( ! great poets2 !y are f\nd 9 all /yles ( production1 & "s ( ! be/ are among ! lea/ exp5sive4 #f4 ,travels & voyages =m a v ent]ta9+ z well z highly in/ructive "p ( a libr>y4 ,a good selection ( ! m notable w prove a valuable res\rce to read]s ( ne>ly e age4 #g4 ,! wide field ( sci5ce %\ld be c>efully glean$ = a good range ( approv$ text-books 9 ea* dep>tm5t4 ,s progressive is ! mod]n _w t ! late/ books are apt to be ! be/ 9 ea* sci5ce1 some?+ :i* is by no means true 9 lit]ature4 #h4 ,9 law1 m$ic9e1 !ology1 political sci5ce1 sociology1 economics1 art1 ar*itecture1 music1 eloqu5ce1 & language1 ! libr>y %\ld be provid$ ) ! lead+ mod]n works4 #i4 ,we come n[ to fiction1 :i* ! exp]i5ce ( all libr>ies %[s is ! favorite pabulum ( ab\t ?ree read]s out ( f\r4 ,! great dem& = ?is class ( read+ r5d]s x all ! m important to make a wise & improv+ selection ( t :i* =ms ! m9ds ( multitudes1 & especially ( ! "y4 ,?is selection pres5ts to e libr>ian & libr>y director or tru/ee "s p]plex+ problems4 ,to buy indiscrim9ately ! new novels ( ! day1 good1 bad1 & indiff]5t 7! la/ nam$ greatly pr$om9at+7 w\ld be a v poor dis*>ge ( ! duty devolv+ ^u ^? :o are ! responsible *oos]s ( ! read+ ( any community4 ,conc$+1 z we mu/1 ! va/ influ5ce & untold value ( fiction z a vehicle ( ent]ta9m5t & in/ruction1 ! "q arises--:]e c ! l9e be drawn betwe5 ! good & improv+ novels1 & novels :i* are nei!r good nor improv+8 ,?is involves some?+ m ?an ! moral tone & influ5ce ( ! fictions3 x involves _! m]its & dem]its z lit]ature also4 ,i hold x to be ! b\nd5 duty ( ^? :o select ! read+ ( a community to ma9ta9 a /&>d ( good ta/e1 z well z ( good morals4 ,!y h no bus9ess to fill ! libr>y ) wret*$ models ( writ+1 :5 !re are ?\s& ( good models ready1 9 numb]s f> great] ?an !y h money to pur*ase4 ,weak & flabby & silly books t5d to make weak & flabby & silly bra9s4 ,:y %\ld libr>y guides put 9 circulation su* /uff z ! dime novels1 or ,old ,sleu? /ories1 or ! slip-slop novels ( ,! ,du*ess1 :5 ! great ma/]s ( romantic fiction h end[$ u ) s _m books replete ) intellectual & moral p[]8 ,to furni% immature m9ds ) ! mis]able tra% :i* does n des]ve ! "n ( lit]ature1 is z blamewor?y z to put be=e !m books full ( fev]i% excitem5t1 or /ories ( successful crime4 ,we are told1 inde$ 7& "s libr>ians ev5 h said x7 t = un=m$ read]s to read a bad book is bett] ?an to read none at all4 ,i d n believe x4 ,y might z well say t x is bett] = "o to swall[ poison ?an n to swall[ any ?+ at all4 ,i hold t libr>y provid]s are z mu* b\nd to furni% :olesome food = ! m9ds ( ! "y :o resort to !m = guidance1 z _! p>5ts are to provide :olesome food = _! bodies4 ,b ! "q returns ^u u--:at is :olesome food8 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is t great body ( fiction :i* has borne ! te/1 bo? ( critical judgm5t1 & ( popul>ity ) successive g5]ations ( read]s4 ,x is ! novels ( ,scott1 ,au/51 ,dick5s1 ,?ack]ay1 ,george ,eliot1 ,coop]1 ,haw?orne1 ,k+sley1 ,mulock-,craik1 & _m m1 su* z no p>5ts ne$ blu% to put into ! h&s ( _! daught]s4 ,9 ! next place1 x is su* a selection f ! myriads ( /ories t h p\r$ f ! press ( ?is g5]ation z h be5 approv$ by ! be/ read]s1 & ! critical judgm5t ( a responsible press4 ,z to books ( que/ionable morality1 ,i am aw>e t contr>y op9ions prevail on ! "q :e!r any su* books %\ld be all[$ 9 a public libr>y1 or n4 ,! "q is a diff]5t "o = ! small t[n libr>ies & = ! great ref]5ce libr>ies ( ! _w4 ,! =m] are really educational in/itutions1 support$ at ! p's exp5se1 l ! free s*ools1 & %\ld be held to a responsibility f :i* ! ext5sive ref]5ce libr>ies 9 ! city are free4 ,! latt] may & ought to pres]ve e =m ( lit]ature1 &1 if national libr>ies1 !y w\ld be d]elict 9 _! duty to po/]ity if !y did n acquire & pres]ve ! :ole lit]ature ( ! c\ntry1 & h& x d[n complete to future g5]ations4 ,! function ( ! public t[n libr>y is diff]5t4 ,x mu/ indisp5sably make a selection1 s9ce its means are n adequate to buy "o-t5? ( ! annual product ( ! press1 :i* am\nts 9 only f\r nations 7,engl&1 ,france1 ,g]many1 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 to m ?an ?irty-five ?\s& new volumes a ye>4 ,its selection1 ma9ly ( ,am]ican & ,engli% books1 mu/ be small1 & ! small] x is1 ! great] is ! ne$ ( c>e 9 buy+4 ,9 fact1 x is 9 mo/ cases1 compell$ to be a selection f a selection4 ,!re=e1 9 ! _m cases ( d\bt aris+ z to ! fit "* ( a book1 let ! d\bt be resolv$ 9 favor ( ! fund1 ?us pres]v+ ! *ance ( gett+ a bett] book = ! money4 ,) ?is c>eful & limit$ selection ( ! be/1 out ( ! multitude ( novels t sw>m f ! press1 ! read+ public w h e reason to be satisfi$4 ,no excuse c be alleg$ = fill+ up our libr>ies ) poor books1 :ile !re is no de>? :atev] ( good ones4 ,x is n ! bus9ess ( a public libr>y to compete ) ! news /&s or ! daily press 9 furni%+ ! late/ %ort /ories = popul> consumption2 a class ( lit]ature ^: survival is likely to be q z %ort z ! /ories !mselves4 ,take an object lesson z to ! mis*iefs ( read+ ! wret*$ /uff :i* "s p pret5d is bett] ?an no read+ at all f ! boy ,jesse ,pom]oy1 :o p]petrat$ a murd] ( peculi> atrocity 9 ,bo/on4 ,pom]oy confess$ t he _h always be5 a great read] ( 'blood & ?und]' /ories1 hav+ read probably sixty dime novels1 all treat+ ( scalp+ & de$s ( viol5ce4 ,! boy said t he _h no d\bt t ! read+ ( ^? books _h a great deal to d ) 8 c\rse1 & he w\ld advise all boys to leave !m alone4 ,9 "s libr>ies1 :]e ! p]nici\s effect ( ! l[] class ( fiction has be5 obs]v$1 ! directors h )drawn f circulation a l>ge proportion ( ! novels1 :i* _h be5 b\ght by reason ( _! popul>ity4 ,9 o!r newly />t$ libr>ies only fiction ( ! highe/ grade has be5 plac$ 9 ! libr>y f ! />t1 & ?is is by f> ! be/ c\rse4 ,if read]s inquire = inf]ior or immoral books1 & are told t ! libr>y does n h !m1 al?\gh !y w express surprise & disappo9tm5t1 !y w take o!r & improv+ read+1 ?us fulfill+ ! true function ( ! libr>y z an educator4 ,libr>ians & libr>y bo>ds _c be too c>eful ab\t :at con/itutes ! collection :i* is to =m ! pabulum ( s _m ( ! ris+ g5]ation4 ,?is does n imply t !y are to be c5sors1 or prudes1 b ) ! va/ field ( lit]ature be=e !m f :i* to *oose1 !y are b\nd to *oose ! be/4 ,! ,am]ican ,libr>y ,association has _h ?is subject "u discussion repeat$ly1 & :ile mu* diff]5ce ( op9ion has aris5 f ! difficulty ( f9d+ any absolute /&>d ( excell5ce1 ne>ly all h agre$ t z to c]ta9 books1 read]s %\ld look else:]e ?an to ! public free libr>y = !m4 ,at "o "t a li/ ( au?ors 0 made out1 _m ( ^: works 7 deem$ objectionable1 ei!r f _! highly s5sational "*1 or _! bad /yle1 or _! highly wr\ght & morbid pictures ( human passions1 or _! immoral t5d5cy4 ,?is li/ no d\bt w surprise _m1 z includ+ writ]s ^: books ev]ybody1 almo/1 has read1 or has be5 accu/om$ to ?9k well (4 ,x embraces ! foll[+ popul> au?ors1 _m ( ^: novels h _h a wide circulation1 & t pr9cipally ?r\gh popul> libr>ies4 ,"h foll[ ! names3 ,m>y ,j4 ,holmes1 ,mrs4 ,h5ry ,wood1 ,c4 ,l4 ,h5tz1 ,m4 ,p4 ,f9ley1 ,mrs4 ,a4 ,s4 ,/eph5s1 ,e4 ,d4 ,e4 ,n4 ,s\?wor?1 ,mrs4 ,=re/]1 ,rhoda ,br\ghton1 ,hel5 ,ma!rs1 ,jessie ,fo!rgill1 ,m4 ,e4 ,braddon1 ,flor5ce ,m>ryat1 ,ouida1 ,horatio ,alg]1 ,mayne ,reid1 ,oliv] ,optic1 ,w4 ,h4 ,s4 ,k+/on1 ,e4 ,kellogg1 ,g4 ,w4 ,m4 ,reynolds1 ,c4 ,fosdick1 ,edmund ,yates1 ,g4 ,a4 ,lawr5ce1 ,gr5ville ,murray1 ,w4 ,h4 ,a9swor?1 ,wilkie ,coll9s1 ,e4 ,l4 ,bulw]-,lytton1 ,w4 ,h4 ,?omes1 & ,augu/a ,evans ,wilson4 ,be> 9 m9d1 t only ,engli% & ,am]ican novels are includ$1 & ^? only ( ! pres5t c5tury3 also1 t z to _m :i* are includ$1 no imputation ( immorality 0 made4 ,su* a black li/ is obvi\sly op5 to ! *>ge ( do+ great inju/ice to ! good repute ( writ]s nam$1 s9ce only a "p ( ! works writt5 by "s ( !m c prop]ly be object$ to1 & ^! are n specially nam$4 ,bulw]-,lytton1 = example1 ^: ,paul ,clif=d is a v improp] book to g into ! h&s ( "y p1 has writt5 at lea/ a doz5 o!r fictions ( noble moral purpose1 & high lit]>y m]it4 ,out ( sev5ty public libr>ies to :i* ! li/ 0 s5t1 ) inquiry :e!r ! au?ors nam$ 7 admitt$ z books ( circulation1 ?irty libr>ies repli$4 ,all ( !m admitt$ ,bulw]-,lytton & ,wilkie ,coll9s1 all b two ,oliv] ,optic's books1 & all b six ,augu/a ,evans ,wilson's4 ,reynolds' novels 7 exclud$ by tw5ty libr>ies1 ,mrs4 ,s\?wor?'s by elev51 ,ouida's by n9e1 & ,mrs4 ,/eph5s's & ,mrs4 ,h5ry ,wood's by eight4 ,o!r details _c f9d space = notice "h4 ,?is in/ance is "o among _m ( endeavors con/antly be+ made by associat$ libr>ians to /em ! ev] increas+ flood ( poor fiction :i* ?reat5s to subm]ge ! bett] class ( books 9 our public libr>ies4 ,t no su* :olesome attempt c be :olly successful is evid5t en\gh4 ,! passion = read+ fiction is bo? epidemic & *ronic2 & 9 say+ ?is1 d n inf] t ,i reckon x z a disease4 ,a libr>ian has no "r to bani% fiction because ! appetite = x is abus$4 ,he is n to set up any ideal & impossible /&>d ( selection4 ,8 mo/ useful & b5efic5t function is to turn into bett] *annels ! univ]sal hung] = read+ :i* is ent]ta9+4 ,d read]s want an excit+ novel8 ,:at c be m excit+ ?an ,les ,mis]ables ( ,victor ,hugo1 a book ( exceptional lit]>y excell5ce & p[]8 ,lit]ature is full ( fasc9at+ /ories1 admirably told1 & !re is no excuse = load+ our libr>ies ) tra%1 go+ into ! slums = models1 or fe$+ "y m9ds ^u ! unclean brood ( pessimi/ic novels4 ,if x is said t p w h tra%1 let !m buy x1 & let ! libr>ies wa% _! h&s ( x1 & refuse to circulate ! /uff :i* no boy nor girl c t\* )\t be+ contam9at$4 ,^? :o claim t we might z well let ! libr>ies d[n to ! level ( ! poore/ books1 because un=m$ & ignorant m9ds are capable ( no?+ bett]1 %\ld be told t p are nev] rais$ by giv+ !m no?+ to look up to4 ,to dev\r inf9ite tra% is n ! road to le>n wisdom1 or virtue1 or ev5 to atta9 g5u9e amusem5t4 ,to ^? :o are afraid t if ! libr>ies are purifi$1 ! masses w get no?+ t !y c read1 ! answ] is1 h !y n got ! entire _w ( magaz9es1 ! weekly1 daily1 & ,sunday newspap]s1 :i* supply a :ole libr>y ( fiction almo/ daily8 ,add to ^! pl5ty ( imag9ative lit]ature 9 fiction & 9 poetry1 on e libr>y's %elves1 :i* all :o c read c compreh5d1 & :at excuse rema9s = buy+ :at is nei!r dec5t nor improv+8 ,take an example ( ! b\ndless capacity = improvem5t t exi/s 9 ! human m9d & human ta/e1 f ! spread ( ! f9e arts among ! p4 ,?irty ye>s ago1 _! h\ses1 if hav+ any decoration at all1 exhibit$ ^? fe>ful & wond]ful color$ li?ographs & *romos 9 :i* bad draw+1 bad portraiture1 & bad color+ vi$ ) ea* o!r to produce pictures :i* x w\ld be a mild use ( t]ms to call dete/able4 ,!n came ! two great int]national art expositions at ,philadelphia & ,*icago1 ea* greatly advanc+ by ! f9e/ models1 ! /&>d ( ta/e 9 art1 & by new economies ( reproduction plac+ ! mo/ beautiful /atues & pictures )9 ! rea* ( ! mo/ mod]ate purse4 ,:at has be5 ! result8 ,an incalculable improvem5t 9 ! public ta/e1 educat$ by ! diffusion ( ! be/ models1 until ev5 ! poor f>m] ( ! backwoods w no long] tol]ate ! *eap & na/y horrors t once disfigur$ 8 walls4 ,! lesson 9 art is good 9 lit]ature also4 ,give ! common p good models1 & !re is no dang] b !y w appreciate & und]/& !m4 ,nev] /oop to p&] to a deprav$ ta/e1 no matt] :at speci\s pleas y may he> = tol]at+ ! l[ 9 ord] to lead to ! high1 or = mak+ y\r libr>y contribute to ! survival ( ! unfitte/4 ,is x ask$1 h[ c ! libr>ian f9d out1 among ! _w ( novels f :i* he is to select1 :at is pure & :at is n1 :at is :olesome & :at unheal?y1 :at is improv+ & :at is tra%8 ,! answ] is--!re are "s li/s :i* w be mo/ useful 9 ?is discrim9ation1 :ile !re is no li/ :i* is infallible4 ,mr4 ,f4 ,leypoldt's little catalogue ( ,books = all ,"t has no?+ t any libr>y ne$ d )\t4 ,ano!r comp5di\s li/ is publi%$ by ! ,am]ican ,libr>y ,association4 ,& ! m ext5sive catalogue prep>$ = ! ,_w's ,fair 9 #ahic1 & embrac+ ab\t #e1jjj volumes1 entitl$ ,catalogue ( ,a4 ,l4 ,a4 ,libr>y3 #e1jjj vols4 = a popul> libr>y1 :ile x has _m mi/akes & omissions1 is a tol]ably safe guide 9 mak+ up a popul> libr>y4 ,i may note t ! li/ ( novels 9 ?is l>ge catalogue put =? by ! ,am]ican ,libr>y ,association has ! names ( five only out ( ! tw5ty-eight writ]s ( fiction h]et(ore pron\nc$ objectionable1 & names a select few only ( ! books ( ^! five4 ,z = ! lat] issues ( ! press1 & especially ! new novels1 let him skim !m = himself1 unless 9 cases :]e tru/wor?y critical judgm5ts are f\nd 9 j\rnals4 ,runn+ ?r\gh a book to te/ its /yle & moral drift is no difficult task = ! practic$ eye4 ,let u suppose t y are cursorily p]us+ a novel :i* has made a great s5sation1 & y come ^u ! foll[+ s5t5ce3 ,eighte5 millions ( ye>s w\ld level all 9 "o huge1 common1 %apeless ru94 ,p]i% ! microcosm 9 ! limitless macrocosm6 & s9k ?is feeble e>?ly segregate 9 ! b\ndless ru%+ *oral aggregation6 ,?is is 9 ,augu/a ,j4 ,evans ,wilson's /ory ,mac>ia1 & _m equally extraord9>y examples ( prose run mad are f\nd 9 ! novels ( ?is once not$ writ]4 ,:at k9d ( a model is t to =m ! /yle ( ! y\?ful neophyte1 to :om "o book is z good z ano!r1 s9ce x 0 f\nd on ! %elves ( ! public libr>y8 ,i am n insi/+ t all books admitt$ %\ld be models ( /yle2 ev5 a puri/ mu/ admit t "o ( ! greate/ *>ms ( lit]ature is its inf9ite v>iety4 ,b :5 book aft] book is fill$ ) su* specim5s ( lit]>y lunacy z ?is1 "o is tempt$ to believe t ,hom] & ,%akespe>e1 to say no?+ ( ,?ack]ay & ,haw?orne1 h liv$ 9 va94 ,nev] fe> criticism ( ^? :o f9d fault ) ! abs5ce f y\r libr>y ( books t y "k to be ne>ly wor?less2 _! abs5ce w be a sil5t b eloqu5t prote/ aga9/ !m1 sure to be v9dicat$ by ! utt] oblivion into :i* !y w fall4 ,_m a flam+ reputation has be5 ext+ui%$ aft] dazzl+ call[ admir]s = six mon?s1 or ev5 less4 ,d n dread ! empty s>casm1 t may gr[ out ( ! exclusion ( fre%ly pr9t$ tra%1 t y\r libr>y is a back numb]4 ,to "s poor s\ls e ?+ t is great & good 9 ! _w's lit]ature is a back numb]2 & ! ,bible itself1 ) its immortal poetry & sublimity1 is ! olde/ back numb] ( all4 ,x is no "p ( y\r bus9ess z a libr>ian to cat] to ! ta/es ( ^? :o act z if ! read+ ( endless novels ( s5sation 7 ! *ief end ( man4 ,z "o f$ on highly spic$ vi&s & /imulat+ dr9ks surely loses ! appetite = :olesome & n\ri%+ food1 s "o :o reads only excit+ & highly wr\ght fictions loses ! ta/e = ! ma/]-pieces ( prose & poetry4 ,let n ! fe> ( mak+ _m mi/akes be a bug-be> 9 y\r pa?4 ,if y are told t y\r libr>y is too exclusive1 reply t x has n means en\gh to buy all ! good books t are want$1 & _c af=d to sp5d money on bad or ev5 on d\btful ones4 ,if y h exclud$ any highly-s\ght-= book on insuffici5t evid5ce1 nev] fail to revise ! judgm5t4 ,all t c be expect$ ( any libr>y is approximately j & wise selection1 hav+ reg>d to m]it1 int]e/1 & moral tone1 m ?an to novelty or popul>ity4 ,9 ! matt] ( *oice1 individual op9ions are ( small value4 ,nev] buy a book simply because "s read] extols x z v f9e1 or spl5did1 or p]fectly lovely4 ,su* praises are commonly to be di/ru/$ 9 direct proportion to _! extravagance4 ,a good lesson to libr>ies is furni%$ 9 ! exp]i5ce ( ! ,clevel& 7,ohio7 ,public ,libr>y4 ,9 #ahgh1 out ( #af1jjj volumes 9 t libr>y1 no less ?an #f1jjj 7 novels4 ,! gov]n+ bo>d1 on ! plea ( giv+ p :at !y want$1 b\ght ne>ly all new books ( fiction1 & w5t s f>1 ev51 z to buy ( ,p9k]ton's ,detective /ories1 fifte5 copies ea*1 fifte5 ( all ,mrs4 ,s\?wor?'s novels1 etc4 ,b a *ange took place 9 ! bo>d1 & ! libr>ian 0 p]mitt$ to /op ! gr[+ flood ( wor?less fiction1 & z fa/ z ! books 7 worn out1 !y 7 replac$ by useful read+4 ,x result$ t f\r ye>s lat]1 ) #dj1jjj volumes 9 ! libr>y1 only #g1jjj 7 novels1 or less ?an "o-fif?1 in/ead ( m ?an "o-?ird ( ! :ole collection1 z =m]ly4 ,9 ! same "t1 ! p]c5tage ( fiction drawn out 0 r$uc$ f #fi p] c5t4 ( ! aggregate books read1 to #ej p] c5t4 ,libr>ies are always compla9+ t !y _c buy _m valuable books f lack ( funds4 ,yet "s ( !m buy a great _m t are valueless 9 spite ( ?is lack4 ,c any ?+ be conceiv$ m valueless ?an a set ( ,sylvanus ,cobb's novels1 repr9t$ to ! numb] ( ?irty-five to =ty1 f ! ,new ,york ,l$g]8 ,yet ^! h be5 b\ght = scores ( libr>ies1 :i* c\ld n af=d ! late/ books 9 sci5ce & art1 or biography1 hi/ory1 or travel4 ,!re are libr>ies 9 :i* ! late/ books on electricity1 or sew]age1 or sanit>y plumb+1 might h sav$ _m lives1 b :i* mu/ g )\t !m1 because ! money has be5 squ&]$ on vapid & p]nici\s lit]ature4 ,9 almo/ e libr>y1 :ile "s bran*es ( k are fairly repres5t$1 o!rs are n repres5t$ at all4 ,ne>ly all pres5t gl>+ defici5cies1 & ^! are (t5 caus$ by want ( sy/ematic plan 9 build+ up ! collection4 ,bo>ds ( manag]s are frequ5tly *ang$1 & ! policy ( ! libr>y ) !m4 ,all ! m important is x t ! libr>ian %\ld be s well equipp$ ) a def9ite aim1 & ) k & skill compet5t to urge t aim consi/5tly1 z to pres]ve "s unity ( plan4 ,i ne$ n add t a libr>ian %\ld be always wide awake to ! ne$s ( 8 libr>y 9 e direction4 ,x %\ld be tak5 = grant$ t its g5]al aim is to include ! be/ books 9 ! :ole range ( human k4 ,) ! va/ area ( book production be=e him1 he %\ld /r5g!n e ye> "s dep>tm5t1 tak+ !m 9 ord] ( importance4 ,"s s*ol>ly writ]s tell u t v few books are ess5tial to a good education4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell nam$ five1 :i* 9 8 view embrac$ all ! ess5tials2 namely1 ,hom]1 ,dante1 ,%akespe>e1 ,c]vantes1 & ,goe!'s ,fau/4 ,pr(4 ,*>les ,e4 ,norton ( ,h>v>d rem>k$ t ?is li/ might ev5 be abridg$ s z to embrace only ,hom]1 ,dante & ,%akespe>e4 ,i c only reg>d su* exclusiv5ess z mislead+1 ?\gh conc$+ ! _m-sid$ness ( ^! great writ]s4 ,to ext5d ! li/ is ! function ( all public libr>ies1 z well z ( mo/ ( ! private ones4 ,next aft] ! really ess5tial books1 t libr>y w be do+ its public good s]vice :i* acquires all ! important works t record ! hi/ory ( man4 ,?is w include biography1 travels & voyages1 sci5ce1 & mu* besides1 z well z hi/ory4 ,special pa9s %\ld be tak5 9 e libr>y to h e ?+ produc$ 9 its own t[n1 c\nty1 & ,/ate4 ,n only books1 b all pamphlets1 p]iodicals1 newspap]s1 & ev5 broadsides or circul>s1 %\ld be s\ght = & /or$ up z memorials ( ! pres5t age1 t5d+ 9 l>ge "p rapidly to disappe>4 ,9 select+ editions ( /&>d au?ors1 "o %\ld always discrim9ate1 s z to secure = ! libr>y1 if n ! be/1 at lea/ good1 cle> type1 s\nd1 ?ick pap]1 & durable b9d+4 ,*eap & poor editions we> out quickly1 & h to be ?r[n away = bett] ones1 :i* wise economy %\ld h select$ 9 ! fir/ place4 ,= example1 a widely circulat$ edition ( ,scott's novels1 f\nd 9 mo/ libr>ies1 has ! type s worn & batt]$ by ! _m l>ge editions pr9t$ f ! plates1 t _m lett]s & words are want+1 ?us spoil+ n only ! pleasure b abridg+ ! pr(it ( ! read] 9 p]us+ ! novels4 ,! same is true ( "o edition ( ,coop]4 ,!n !re are _m *eap repr9ts ( ,engli% novels 9 ! ,seaside & o!r libr>ies :i* ab\nd 9 typographical errors4 ,a close exam9ation ( a *eap edition ( a lead+ ,engli% noveli/'s works reveal$ m ?an #c1jjj typographical errors 9 ! "o set ( books6 ,x w\ld be unp>donable c>elessness to buy su* books = g5]al read+ because !y are *eap4 ,libr>ians %\ld avoid :at are kn[n z subscription books1 z a rule1 ?\gh "s valid exceptions exi/4 ,mo/ ( su* books are pr(usely illu/rat$ & 9 gaudy b9d+s1 gott5 up to dazzle ! eye4 ,if works ( m]it1 x is bett] to wait = !m1 ?an to subscribe = an unf9i%$ "w1 :i* p]haps may nev] rea* completion4 ,a libr>ian or book collector %\ld be ev] obs]vant ( :at he may f9d to enri* 8 collection4 ,:5 9 a book-/ore1 or a private or public libr>y1 he %\ld make notes ( su* works se5 z are new to him1 ) any *>act]i/ics :i* _! cu/odian may rem>k ^u4 ,su* p]sonal exam9ation is m in=m+ ?an any catalogue4 ,i ?9k ea* public libr>y %\ld possess1 besides a complete set ( ! ,engli% translations ( ! ,greek & ,lat9 classics1 a full set ( ! orig9als1 = ! b5efit ( s*ol>ly read]s4 ,^! classic texts c be _h complete 9 mod]n editions = a v mod]ate price4 ,h[ f> duplicate volumes %\ld be b\ght %\ld dep5d ^u dem&1 & ! views ( ! pur*as+ p[]s4 ,!re is a real ne$ ( m ?an "o copy ( almo/ e /&>d "w1 else x w be p]petually out1 giv+ occasion = num]\s compla9ts f ^? :o use ! libr>y4 ,x w\ld be a good rule to keep "o copy always 91 & at ! s]vice ( read]s1 ( e lead+ hi/ory1 /&>d poet1 or popul> novel4 ,!n ! duplicate copies = circulation may be "o or m1 z exp]i5ce & ability to provide may det]m9e4 ,a libr>y :i* cat]s to ! novel-read+ habit z ext5sively z ! ,new ,york ,m]cantile 7a subscription libr>y7 has to buy fifty to "o hundr$ copies ( ,trilby1 = example1 to keep up ) ! dem&4 ,no su* obligation exi/s = ! free public libr>ies4 ,!y1 h[ev]1 (t5 buy half a doz5 to a doz5 copies ( a v popul> /ory1 :5 new1 & sell !m out aft] ! dem& has slack5$ or di$ away4 ,! me?ods ( selection & pur*ase 9 public libr>ies are v v>i\s4 ,9 ! ,worce/] 7,mass47 ,public ,libr>y1 ! libr>ian makes a li/ ( desid]ata1 has x manifold$1 & s5ds a copy to ea* ( ! ?irte5 memb]s ( ! ,bo>d ( directors4 ,?is li/ is report$ on by ! memb]s at ! next mon?ly meet+ ( ! ,bo>d1 & g5]ally1 9 ! ma91 approv$4 ,novels & /ories are n b\ght until "t has %[n ( :at value !y may be4 ,! aim is ma9ly educational at ! ,worce/] libr>y1 v special pa9s be+ tak5 to aid all ! pupils & tea*]s 9 ! public s*ools1 by c>eful selection1 & provid+ duplicate or m copies ( important works4 ,9 ! ,public ,libr>y ( ,clevel&1 ,ohio1 !re is appo9t$ out ( ! gov]n+ ,bo>d a book-committee ( ?ree4 ,to "o ( ^! are ref]r$ ,engli% books want$1 to ano!r ,fr5*1 & to ! ?ird ,g]man books4 ,?is sub-committee approves or am5ds ! ,libr>ian's recomm5dations1 at its discretion2 b exp5sive works are ref]r$ to ! :ole bo>d = det]m9ation4 ,9 ! ,new ,york ,m]cantile ,libr>y1 :i* mu/ keep cont9ually up to date 9 its supply ( new books1 ! ann\ncem5ts 9 all ! morn+ pap]s are daily scann$1 & books j out secur$ by imm$iate ord]4 ,_m publi%]s s5d 9 books on approval1 :i* are frequ5tly b\ght4 ,an ag5t 9 ,london is requir$ to s5d on ! day ( publication all new books on c]ta9 subjects4 ,! libr>y bo>ds ( managem5t meet weekly 9 ,new ,york & ,philadelphia1 b mon?ly 9 mo/ c\ntry libr>ies4 ,! selection ( books made by committees introduces (t5 an elem5t ( *ance1 n q favorable to ! unity ( plan 9 develop+ ! res\rces ( ! libr>y4 ,b ) a libr>ian ( l>ge in=mation1 discretion1 & skill1 !re ne$ seldom be any difficulty 9 secur+ approval ( 8 selections1 or ( mo/ ( !m4 ,9 "s libr>ies ! libr>ian is au?oriz$ to buy at discretion additions ( books 9 c]ta9 l9es1 to be report$ at ! next meet+ ( ! bo>d2 & to fill up all defici5cies 9 p]iodicals t are tak54 ,?is is an important concession to 8 judgm5t1 made 9 ! int]e/ ( complet5ess 9 ! libr>y1 sav+ a delay ( days & sometimes weeks 9 wait+ = ! bo>d ( directors4 ,all ord]s s5t out = accessions %\ld previ\sly be comp>$ ) ! alphabet$ ord]-c>d li/1 z well z ) ! g5]al catalogue ( ! libr>y1 to avoid duplication4 ,aft] ?is ! titles are to be incorporat$ 9 ! alphabet ( all out/&+ ord]s1 to be )drawn only on receipt ( ! books4 ,! libr>y %\ld invite sugge/ions f all frequ5t+ x1 ( books recomm5d$ & n f\nd 9 ! collection4 ,a blank record-book = ?is purpose1 or an equival5t 9 ord]-c>ds1 %\ld be always kept on ! c\nt] ( ! libr>y4 ,,*apt] #b4 ,,book ,,buy+4 ,! buy+ ( books is to "s m5 a pa/ime2 to o!rs x is a passion2 b to ! libr>ian & ! intellig5t book collector x is bo? a bus9ess & a pleasure4 ,! man :o is end[$ ) a zeal = k is eag] to be cont9ually add+ to ! /ores :i* w enable him to acquire & to disp5se t k4 ,h5ce ! p]usal ( catalogues is to him an ev] fre% & fasc9at+ pursuit4 ,h[ev] hamp]$ he may be by ! lack ( funds1 ! ze/ ( be+ cont9ually 9 que/ ( "s covet$ volumes gives him an int]e/ 9 e sale catalogue1 :e!r ( booksell] or ( auctione]4 ,he is l$ on by ! p]5nial hope t he may f9d "o or m ( ! long-wi%$ = & wait$-= desid]ata 9 ! ?9 pamphlet ^: solid columns bri/le ) book-titles 9 e v>iety ( abbreviation & arrangem5t4 ,x is a good plan1 if "o c possibly comm& ! "t1 to read e catalogue ( ! book auctions1 & ( ! second-h& book deal]s1 :i* comes to h&4 ,y w ?us f9d a _w ( books *ronicl$ & (f]$ :i* y d n want1 because y h got !m already3 y w f9d _m1 also1 :i* y want1 b :i* y "k y _c h2 & y may f9d "s ( ! v volumes :i* y h s\ght ?r\gh _m ye>s 9 va94 ,9 any case1 y w h acquir$ valuable in=mation--:e!r y acquire any books or n2 s9ce !re is h>dly a pric$ catalogue1 ( any consid]able ext5t1 f :i* y _c reap k ( "s k9d--k ( editions1 k ( prices1 & k ( ! comp>ative sc>city or full supply ( _m books1 ) a glimpse ( titles :i* y may nev] h met be=e4 ,! value ( ! /udy ( catalogues z an education 9 bibliography c nev] be ov]-e/imat$4 ,! l>ge numb] ( active & discrim9at+ book-buy]s f ,am]ica has = ye>s pa/ awak5$ ! int]e/ & jeal\sy ( collectors abroad1 :]e x has v l>gely enhanc$ ! price ( all fir/-class editions1 & r>e works4 ,no long]1 z 9 ! e>ly days ( ,dibd9 & ,heb]1 is ! competition = ! curiosities ( old ,engli% lit]ature conf9$ to a half-score ( native amateurs4 ,true1 we h no su* omnivor\s ga!r]s ( lit]>y rubbi% z t magnific5t helluo librorum1 ,ri*>d ,heb]1 :o amass$ :at 0 claim$ to be ! l>ge/ collection ( books ev] =m$ by a s+le individual4 ,end[$ ) a pr9cely =tune1 & an undy+ passion = ! possession ( books1 he sp5t ne>ly a million doll>s 9 _! acquisition4 ,8 libr>y1 v>i\sly /at$ at f #aje1jjj volumes 7by ,dr4 ,dibd97 to #adf1jjj volumes 7by ,dr4 ,allibone7 0 br\ght to ! hamm] 9 #ahcd4 ,! catalogue fill$ #ac octavo volumes1 & ! sale occupi$ #baf days4 ,! insatiable own] 7:o 0 a bro!r ( ,reg9ald ,heb]1 ,bi%op ( ,calcutta7 di$ :ile /ill collect+1 at ! age ( sixty1 leav+ 8 enorm\s libr>y1 :i* no s+le h\se ( ord9>y size c\ld hold1 scatt]$ 9 half a doz5 mansions 9 ,london1 ,ox=d1 ,p>is1 ,antw]p1 ,brussels & ,gh5t4 ,yet ! own] ( ?is va/ mass ( m+l$ nons5se & erudition1 ?is libr>y ( ! curiosities ( lit]ature1 0 z g5]\s 9 imp>t+ z 9 acquir+ 8 lit]>y treasures4 ,no ,engli% s*ol> b 0 freely welcome to ! loan ( 8 volumes2 & 8 own ta/e & critical k are said to h be5 ( ! fir/ ord]4 ,f ?is1 probably ! mo/ ext5sive private libr>y ev] ga!r$1 let u turn to ! l>ge/ s+le pur*ase1 9 numb] ( volumes1 made at "o "t = a public libr>y4 ,:5 ,dr4 ,j4 ,g4 ,cogswell w5t abroad 9 #ahdh1 to lay ! f\ndations ( ! ,a/or ,libr>y1 he took ) him cr$5tials = ! exp5diture ( #ajj1jjj2 &1 :at 0 ( ev5 great] importance1 a ?or\ghly dige/$ catalogue ( desid]ata1 embrac+ ! mo/ important books 9 e dep>tm5t ( lit]ature & sci5ce4 ,no su* opportunity ( buy+ ! f9e/ books at ! l[e/ prices is likely ev] to occur aga91 z ! =tuit\s conc\rse ( ev5ts br\ght to ,dr4 ,cogswell4 ,x 0 ! ye> ( revolutions--! ye> :5 ! ?rones 7 tott]+ or fall+ all ov] ,europe1 :5 ! weal?y & privileg$ classes 7 trembl+ = _! possessions1 & anxi\s to turn !m into ready money4 ,9 e "t ( panic1 political or f9ancial1 ! prices ( books1 z well z ( all articles ( luxury1 are ! fir/ to fall4 ,_m ( ! *oice/ collections came to ! hamm]2 multitudes 7 eag] to sell--b !re 7 few buy]s except ! book m]*ants1 :o 7 all ready to sell aga94 ,! result 0 t "s #hj1jjj volumes 7 ga!r$ = ! ,a/or ,libr>y1 embrac+ a v l>ge %>e ( ! be/ editions & ! mo/ exp5sive works1 ) _m books /rictly d5om9at$ r>e1 & ne>ly all b\nd 9 sup]ior /yle1 at an av]age co/ ( ab\t #a4dj p] volume4 ,?is extraord9>y good =tune enabl$ ! ,a/or ,libr>y to be op5$ on a v small end[m5t1 m spl5didly equipp$ = a libr>y ( ref]5ce ?an any new in/itution c\ld be today ) f\r or five times ! money4 ,comp>$ ) su* opportunities z ^!1 y may consid] ! exp]i5ces ( ! little libr>ies1 & ! n>r[ means ( recruitm5t g5]ally f\nd1 z v lit]ally ! day ( small ?+s4 ,b a wise apportionm5t ( small funds1 comb9$ ) a good k ( ! comm]cial value ( books1 & p]petual vigilance 9 us+ opportunities1 w g v f> t[>d enl>g+ any collection 9 ! mo/ desirable directions4 ,comp>e = a mom5t ) ! results /at$ ( ! ,a/or ,libr>y's e>ly pur*ases1 ! av]age prices paid by ,briti% ,libr>ies = books pur*as$ f #ahbf to #ahed1 z publi%$ 9 a p>liam5t>y return4 ,! av]age co/ p] volume v>i$ f #afs or ab\t #d a volume1 = ! ,univ]sity ,libr>y ( ,ed9burgh1 to #ds #f;d1 or #a4aj a volume = ! ,man*e/] ,free ,libr>y4 ,! latt]1 h[ev]1 7 *iefly popul> new books1 publi%$ at l[ prices1 :ile ! =m] includ$ _m co/ly old works1 law books1 etc4 ,! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y's av]age 0 #hs #e;d or ab\t #b4jj p] volume4 ,^? figures repres5t clo? b9d+1 :ile ! ,a/or's pur*ases 7 mo/ly 9 p]man5t lea!r b9d+s4 ,av]ages are v unc]ta9 /&>ds ( comp>ison1 z a s+le book r>ity (t5 co/s m ?an a hundr$ volumes ( ! new books ( ! day2 b 9 a libr>y fill$ ) ! be/ editions ( classical & sci5tific works1 & ref]5ce books1 ,i presume t two doll>s a volume is n too high an e/imate ( av]age co/1 9 ^! days repres5t$ by ! la/ tw5ty ye>s4 ,= a circulat+ libr>y1 on ! o!r h&1 compos$ *iefly ( :at ! public mo/ seek to read1 half t av]age w\ld p]haps express ! full comm]cial value ( ! collection4 ,( its intr9sic value ,i w n "h pause to speak4 ,!re are _m me?ods ( book buy+1 ( :i* we may indicate ! pr9cipal z foll[s3 #a4 ,by direct ord]s f book deal]s4 #b4 ,by competition on select li/s ( wants4 #c4 ,by ord] f pric$ catalogues4 #d4 ,by pur*ase at auction sales4 #e4 ,by p]sonal rese>* among book /ocks4 #f4 ,by li/s & samples ( books s5t on approval4 ,ea* ( ^! me?ods has its advantages--&1 ,i may add1 its disadvantages likewise4 ,! collector :o comb9es !m1 z opportunity pres5ts1 is mo/ likely to make 8 funds g ! f>!/1 & to enri* 8 collection ! mo/4 ,direct ord]s = pur*ase are necess>y = mo/ new books want$1 except 9 ! case ( ! "o gov]nm5t libr>y1 :i* 9 mo/ c\ntries1 receives !m "u copyright provision4 ,an advantage\s arrangem5t c usually be made ) "o or m book-deal]s1 to supply all new books at a fairly lib]al disc\nt f retail prices4 ,& x is wise managem5t to di/ribute pur*ases :]e good t]ms are made1 z !reby ! trade w feel an int]e/ 9 ! libr>y1 & a mutuality ( int]e/ w secure m opportunities & bett] b>ga9s4 ,! submission ( li/s ( books want$1 to h\ses hav+ l>ge /ocks or good facilities1 helps to make funds g z f> z possible ?r\gh competition4 ,by ! typewrit] su* li/s c n[ be manifold$ mu* m *eaply ?an !y c be writt5 or pr9t$4 ,selection f pric$ catalogues pres5ts a con/antly recurr+ opportunity ( buy+ volumes ( ! greate/ consequ5ce1 to fill gaps 9 any collection1 & (t5 at surpris+ly l[ prices4 ,mu* z book values h be5 enhanc$ ( late ye>s1 !re are yet catalogues issu$ by ,am]ican1 ,engli% & cont95tal deal]s :i* quote books bo? ( ! /&>d & second>y class at v *eap rates4 ,ev5 n[ ,engli% books are sold by ! ,mudie & ! ,w4 ,h4 ,smi? l5d+ libr>ies 9 ,london1 aft] a v few mon?s1 at "o-half to "o-f\r? _! orig9al publi%+ price4 ,^! mu/ usually be reb\nd1 b by in/ruct+ y\r ag5t to select copies :i* are clean )91 all ! soil ( ! edges w disappe> ) ! light trimm+ ( ! b9d]4 ,pur*ase at auction supplies a means ( recruit+ libr>ies bo? public & private ) _m r>e works1 & ) ! be/ editions ( ! /&>d au?ors1 (t5 f9ely b\nd4 ,! *oice private libr>ies ( ! c\ntry1 z well z ! poor ones1 t5d to p\r !mselves soon] or lat] into public auctions4 ,! collectors ( books1 ^: e>ly avidity to amass libr>ies ( f9e editions 0 ph5om5al1 r>ely p]si/ 9 cultivat+ ! passion ?r\gh life4 ,sometimes !y are ov]tak5 by mis=tune--sometimes by indiff]5ce--! bibliomania n be+ a p]5nial inspiration1 b (t5 an acute & fi]y attack1 :i* 9 a few ye>s burns out4 ,ev5 if ! libr>y ga!r$ ) s mu* money & pa9s desc5ds to ! heirs ( ! collector1 ! passion = books is v seldom an inh]it$ "o4 ,?us ! public libr>ies are con/antly recruit$ by ! opportunities ( selection furni%$ by ! =c$ sale ( ! private ones4 ,"h1 public competition frequ5tly runs up ! price ( c]ta9 books to an exorbitant degree1 :ile ^? n want$ (t5 sell = ! m]e/ trifle4 ,"o %\ld h a pretty cle> idea ( ! approximate comm]cial value ( books1 be=e compet+ = !m at public sale4 ,he may1 h[ev]1 if well p]suad$ 9 8 own m9d z to ! importance or ! relative unimportance to 8 own collection ( any "w1 regulate 8 bids by t /&>d1 reg>dless ( comm]cial value1 except z a limit beyond :i* he w n g4 ,few libr>ians c p]sonally att5d auction sales--nor is x ne$ful1 :5 limits c s easily be set to ord]s4 ,x is nev] safe to s5d an unlimit$ bid1 z !re may be o!rs )\t limit1 9 :i* case ! book is commonly aw>d$ to ! mo/ remote bidd]4 ,!re are _m curiosities ( ! auction room1 "o ( !m be+ ! frequ5t re-appe>ance ( book r>ities :i* h be5 ?r\gh sev]al auctions1 sometimes at int]vals ( ye>s1 ke5ly compet$ = by rival bibliophiles1 & c>ri$ (f 9 triumph by "s ard5t collector1 :o little ?\ght at ! "t h[ soon 8 own collection w\ld come to ! hamm]4 ,!re are also _m curiosities ( compilation 9 auction catalogues4 ,n to "n errors ( commission1 l giv+ ! au?or%ip ( books to ! wrong "n1 & errors ( omission1 l giv+ no au?or's "n at all1 "s catalogues are ?ickly /rewn ) ! epi!ts r>e--& v r>e1 :5 ! books are suffici5tly common 9 "o or ! o!r m>ket4 ,d n be misl$ by ^! surface indications4 ,books are (t5 attribut$ 9 catalogues to _! editor or translator1 & ! unw>y buy] may ?us f9d himself saddl$ ) a duplicate already 9 8 own collection4 ,!re has be5 mu* improvem5t 9 late ye>s 9 ! c>e ) :i* auction catalogues are edit$1 & no important collection at lea/ is (f]$1 )\t hav+ fir/ pass$ ?r\gh ! h&s ( an exp]t1 famili> ) bibliography4 ,x is ! m9or book sales :]e ! catalogues receive no c>eful edit+1 & :]e ! dates & editions are frequ5tly omitt$1 t x is necess>y to gu>d aga9/4 ,x is well to refra9 f s5d+ any bids out ( su* li/s1 because !y furni% no c]ta9 id5tification ( ! books1 & if all w\ld d ! same1 ?us dim9i%+ ! competition & ! pr(it ( ! auctione]1 he might le>n nev] to pr9t a catalogue )\t date1 place ( publication1 & full "n ( au?or ( e book (f]$4 ,nev] be too eag] to acquire an auction book1 unless y are v ?or\ghly assur$ t x is "o ( ! k9d truly designat$ r>issimus4 ,an em95t & ?or\ghly in=m$ book collector1 ) an exp]i5ce ( =ty ye>s devot$ to book auctions & book catalogues1 assur$ me t x 0 8 exp]i5ce t almo/ e book w\ld turn up on ! av]age ab\t e sev5 ye>s4 ,( c\rse !re are notable exceptions--& especially among ! class ( books kn[n z incunabula1 7or cradle-books pr9t$ 9 ! infancy ( pr9t+7 & ( e>ly ,am]icana3 b x is n ^! :i* ! majority ( libr>ies are mo/ 9 se>* (4 ,rememb] always1 if y lose a covet$ volume1 t !re w be ano!r *ance--p]haps _m ( !m4 ,! private collector1 :o c>ries x (f aga9/ y1 has _h no =m] opportunity to get ! r>e volume1 & may nev] h ano!r4 ,he is !re=e ju/ifi$ 9 pay+ :at is to ord9>y judgm5t an extraord9>y price4 ,individual collectors die1 b public libr>ies are immortal4 ,if y become ?or\ghly conv]sant ) pric$ catalogues1 y w make few] mi/akes ?an mo/ private buy]s4 ,n only catalogues ( notable collections1 ) ! prices obta9$ at auction1 b ! l>ge & v copi\s catalogues ( su* ,london book-deal]s z ,qu>it* & ,so!ran1 are accessible 9 ! great city libr>ies4 ,^! are ( ! highe/ use 9 sugge/+ ! proximate prices at :i* important books h be5 or may be acquir$4 ,s9ce #ahie1 annual volumes entitl$ ,am]ican ,book ,prices ,curr5t h be5 issu$1 giv+ ! figures at :i* books h be5 sold at all ! pr9cipal auction sales ( ! ye>4 ,!re is no ^w s mu* abus$ z ! t]m r>e1 :5 appli$ to books4 ,libr>ians "k well ! unsophi/icat$ citiz5 :o wants to sell at a high price a r>e volume ( div9ity a hundr$ & fifty ye>s old 7wor? possibly tw5ty-five c5ts to half a doll>17 & ! p]si/5t woman :o has ! r>e/ old bible 9 ! c\ntry1 :i* %e values any:]e f fifty to five hundr$ doll>s1 & :i* turns out on inspection to be an imp]fect copy ( "o ( ,b>k]'s multitud9\s editions ( #afab to '#ah1 :i* may be pick$ up at five to eight %ill+s 9 any old ,london book-%op4 ,! confid5t ass]tions s (t5 p>ad$1 ev5 9 catalogues1 only ?ree copies kn[n1 & ! l1 are to be receiv$ ) absolute incr$ulity1 & ! claims ( ignorant own]s ( books :o fancy t _! little pet goose is a f9e swan1 because !y nev] saw ano!r1 are z ridicul\s z ! laudation be/[$ by a sapi5t collector ^u two ( 8 mo/ valu$ nuggets4 ,?is1 sir1 is unique1 b n s unique z ! o!r4 ,buy+ books by actual inspection at ! book-%ops is ev5 m fasc9at+ employm5t ?an buy+ !m ?r\gh catalogues4 ,y ?us come ^u ! mo/ unexpect$ volumes unaw>es4 ,y op5 ! cov]s1 scan ! title-pages1 get a glimpse ( ! plates1 & flit f book to book1 l a bee ga!r+ honey = its hive4 ,x is a good way to recruit y\r libr>y economically1 to run ?r\gh ! /ock ( a book-deal] sy/ematically--neglect+ no %elf1 b select+ ?r\gh\t ! :ole /ock1 & lay+ aside :at y ?9k y may want4 ,:5 ?is is done1 y w h q a pile ( lit]ature ^u :i* to negotiate ) ! proprietor4 ,x is *eap] to buy ?us at :olesale ?an by piecemeal1 because ! booksell] w make y a l>g] disc\nt on a r\nd lot ( :i* y relieve 8 %elves4 ,ano!r me?od ( recruit+ y\r libr>y is ! exam9ation ( books on approval4 ,mo/ book-deal]s w be s oblig+ z to s5d 9 p>cels ( books = ! inspection ( a libr>ian or collector1 :o c ?us exam9e !m leisurely & ) m ?or\ghness ?an 9 a book /ore1 )\t leav+ 8 bus9ess4 ,all books1 by :atev] c\rse !y may be pur*as$1 are indisp5sably to be collat$ be=e !y are accept$ & paid =4 ,neglect ( ?is w fill any libr>y ) imp]fections1 s9ce second-h& books are liable to h miss+ leaves1 or plates1 or maps1 :ile new books may lack signatures or plates1 or be wrongly b\nd toge!r4 ,9 ! case ( new books1 or books /ill 9 pr9t1 ! publi%] is b\nd to make good an imp]fection4 ,9 old books1 ?is is usually impossible1 & ! only rem$y is to return ! imp]fect books ^u ! sell]'s h&s1 unless !re may be a reason1 su* z ! r>ity ( ! volume1 or its comp>ative little co/1 or ! trifl+ nature ( ! imp]fection1 = reta9+ x4 ,! equities 9 ^! cases are 9 favor ( ! buy]1 :o is presum$ to h pur*as$ a p]fect copy4 ,b ! "r ( reclamation mu/ be ex]cis$ promptly1 or x may be =feit$ by lapse ( "t4 ,if an imp]fection 9 any book y ord] is not$ 9 ! catalogue1 x is n subject to return4 ,i h ev] f\nd ! book auctione]s mo/ c\rte\s & consid]ate 9 _! deal+s--& ! same c be said ( ! book trade g5]ally1 among :om in/ances ( lib]ality to libr>ies are by no means r>e4 ,"o ( ! *oice/ pleasures ( ! book collector1 :e!r private /ud5t or libr>ian1 is to visit ! second-h& book-%ops ( any city1 & exam9e ! /ock ) c>e4 ,:ile he may f9d b few notable treasures 9 "o collection1 a se>* ?r\gh sev]al %ops w be almo/ sure to rew>d him4 ,"h are f\nd _m ( ! outp\r+s ( ! private libr>ies1 =m$ by speciali/s or amateurs1 & ei!r pur*as$ by ! second-h& deal] en bloc1 or bid (f by him at "s auction sale4 ,ev5 r>e books are pick$ up 9 ?is way1 no copies ( :i* c be _h by ord]1 because long s9ce out ( pr9t4 ,! /ock 9 ^! %ops is con/antly *ang+1 ?us add+ a piquant & sometimes excit+ elem5t to ! book-hunt]1 :o is wise 9 proportion z he seizes quickly ^u all opportunities ( new f9ds by frequ5t visits4 ,to m\rn ov] a lo/ *ance 9 r>e books is (t5 m griev\s to ! zeal\s collector1 ?an to lose a l>ge %>e out ( 8 =tune2 :ile to exult ov] a lit]>y nugget long s\ght & at l5g? f\nd is a pleasure to :i* few o!rs c be comp>$4 ,( ! _m b\qu9i/es ^: op5-air %ops l9e ! quays ( ,p>is along ! ,se9e1 numb]+ once z _m z a hundr$ & fifty deal]s 9 second-h& books1 ,i h no room to treat2 books h be5 writt5 ab\t !m1 & ! littrateurs ( ,france1 ( ,europe1 & ( ,am]ica h pr(it$ by c\ntless b>ga9s 9 _! le>n$ w>es4 ,nor c ,i dwell ^u ! lit]>y weal? ( ,london book-%ops1 d>k & d+y1 b ev] attractive to ! hungry s*ol>1 or ! devotee ( bibliomania4 ,( ! _m second-h& booksell]s 7or r sell]s ( second-h& books7 9 ,am]ican cities1 ! m notable h pass$ f ! /age ( action 9 ! la/ qu>t] ( a c5tury4 ,old ,william ,g[ans1 a qua9t1 intellig5t ,scot*man1 9 %abby clo!s & a /rong face deeply m>k$ ) small pox1 0 = _m ye>s ! dean ( ?is frat]nity 9 ,new ,york4 ,8 ext5sive book-%op 9 ,nassau /reet1 ) its d>k cell>1 0 cr[d$ & pack$ ) books on %elves1 on /airways & on ! floors1 heap$ & pil$ 9 enorm\s masses1 amid :i* ! visitor c\ld h>dly f9d room to move4 ,on "o ( ! piles y might f9d ! proprietor seat$-- ,books to ! "r ( him1 ,books to ! left ( him1 ,books beh9d him1 ,volley$ & tumbl$1 :ile he answ]$ inquiries = books f cl]gym5 & /ud5ts1 or gruffly b>ga9$ ) a boy or an old woman = a dilapidat$ lot ( old books4 ,he _h a curi\s quizzical way ) /rang]s1 :o at once set him d[n z an oddity1 & 8 impati5ce ) ignoramuses & bores gave him ! repute ( cru/9ess1 :i* 0 r$eem$ by suavity en\gh :5ev] he met ) p ( intellig5ce4 ,g[ans issu$ scores ( catalogues ( 8 /ock1 9 :i* titles 7 (t5 illu/rat$ by notes1 always curi\s & (t5 amus+1 cr$it$ to ,we/]n ,memorabilia1 a "w :i* no booksell] or man ( lett]s _h ev] he>d (1 b :i* 0 %rewdly suspect$ to h be5 a project$ scrap-book ( ! obs]vations & op9ions ( ,william ,g[ans4 ,!re 0 ano!r ecc5tric book-deal]'s %op 9 ,nassau /reet kept by "o ,john ,doyle1 :o aim$ s high 9 8 pr(ession z to po/ ov] 8 door a sign read+ ,! ,moral ,c5tre ( ! ,intellectual ,univ]se4 ,?is e/abli%m5t 0 notably full ( old editions ( books ( ,engli% hi/ory & controv]sial !ology4 ,! mo/ fam\s second-h& book-%op 9 ,bo/on 0 ,burnham's1 ^: =e-"n 0 ,?omas ,oliv] ,haz>d ,p]ry1 %ort5$ into ,p]ry ,burnham by 8 famili>s4 ,he 0 a little1 pale-fac$1 wiry1 n]v\s man1 ) pi]c+ black eyes & v brusque mann]s4 ,9 old & mu/y books he liv$ & mov$ & _h 8 be+1 = m ?an a g5]ation4 ,he ex*ang$ a /uffy1 n>r[ %op 9 ,cornhill = m spaci\s qu>t]s 9 ,wa%+ton /reet1 ne> ,s*ool /reet1 :]e he b\ght & sold books ) an assidu\s devotion to bus9ess1 nev] tru/+ to o!rs :at he c\ld d himself4 ,he 0 pr\d ( 8 collection & its ext5t4 ,he b\ght books & pamphlets at auction lit]ally by ! c>t-load1 e ?+ t nobody else want$ be+ bid (f to ,burnham at an insignificant price1 almo/ nom9al4 ,he got a wide reputation = sell+ *eaply1 b he always knew :5 to *>ge a /iff price = a book1 & to /ick to x4 ,once :5 ,i 0 pric+ a lot ( miscellane\s books pick$ out = pur*ase1 mo/ly "u a doll> a volume1 we came to a copy ( ,! ,con/itutions ( ! ,sev]al ,indep5d5t ,/ates ( ,am]ica1 #a/ edition1 ,philadelphia1 #agha1 ( :i* two hundr$ copies only 7 pr9t$1 by ord] ( ,congress4 ,?is copy 0 9 ! orig9al bo>ds1 uncut1 & ) ! autograph ( ,timo?y ,pick]+ on ! title page4 ,if ! ,congress ,libr>y wants t book1 said ,mr4 ,burnham1 x w h to pay eight doll>s = x4 ,i took x1 well pleas$ to secure :at ye>s ( se>* _h fail$ to br+4 ,! next ye> my satisfaction 0 enhanc$ :5 an inf]ior copy ( ! same book 0 (f]$ at tw5ty doll>s4 ,burnham di$ a weal?y man1 hav+ amass$ a million doll>s 9 trade & by rise 9 real e/ate1 z he own$ ! l& on :i* ! ,p>k] ,h\se /&s 9 ,bo/on4 ,among ,philadelphia deal]s 9 second-h& books1 "o ,john ,p5+ton 0 recogniz$ z mo/ intellig5t & honorable4 ,he 0 a book-lov] & a s*ol>1 & "o in/9ctively rank$ him n z a booksell]1 b z a g5tleman :o dealt 9 books4 ,on 8 %elves "o always f\nd books ( sci5ce & volumes 9 =eign languages4 ,ano!r notable deal] 0 ,john ,campbell1 a jolly1 he>ty ,iri%-,am]ican1 ) a ta/e = good books1 & an antipa?y to negroes1 z ke5 z ! prov]bial hatr$ ( ! devil = holy wat]4 ,campbell wrote a book entitl$ ,negromania1 publi%$ 9 #ahea1 9 :i* 8 cre$ 0 set =? 9 /rong language4 ,he 0 a regul> bidd] at book auctions1 :]e 8 burly =m & l\d voice made him a prom95t figure4 ,( notable auction sales ( books1 & ( ! extravagant prices obta9$ = c]ta9 editions by ambiti\s & eag] competition1 !re is little room to treat4 ,! (t-told /ory ( ! ,vald>f] ,boccaccio ( #adga1 c>ri$ (f at ! ,roxburghe sale 9 #ahab1 at #b1bfj f ,e>l ,sp5c] by ! ,m>quis ( ,bl&=d1 & re-pur*as$ sev5 ye>s aft] at ano!r auction = #iah1 has be5 f> surpass$ 9 mod]n bibliomania4 ,! s\nd ( t hamm]1 wrote ! melodramatic ,dibd91 e*o$ ?r\gh ,europe3 b :at w\ld he h said ( ! ,maz>9 ,bible ( ,gut5b]g & ,fu/ 7#adej-ee7 sold 9 #ahig1 at ! ,a%burnham sale1 = f\r ?\s& p\nds1 or ( ! ,lat9 ,psalt] ( ,fu/ & ,s*oeff]1 #b;d ed4 #adei1 :i* br\ght #d1iej at ! ,sy/on ,p>k sale 9 #ahhd8 ,?is la/ sum 7ab\t tw5ty-f\r ?\s& doll>s7 is ! l>ge/ price ev] yet record$ z receiv$ = a s+le volume4 ,among books ( less r>ity1 ?\gh always eag]ly s\ght1 is ! fir/ folio ,%akespe>e ( #afbc1 a v f9e & p]fect copy ( :i* br\ght #gaf4b at ,daniel's sale 9 #ahfd4 ,copies w>rant$ p]fect h s9ce be5 sold 9 ,london = #dae to #dgj4 ,9 ,new ,york1 a p]fect b n tall copy br\ght #d1bjj 9 #ahia at auction4 ,walton's ,compleat ,angl]1 ,london1 #a/ ed4 #afec1 a little book ( only #bej pages1 sold = #caj 9 #ahia4 ,x 0 publi%$ = "o %ill+ & sixp5ce4 ,! fir/ edition ( ,rob9son ,crusoe br\ght #ge at ! ,crampton sale 9 #ahif4 ,! rage = fir/ editions ( v mod]n books rea*$ :at might be call$ high-wat] m>k "s "t s9ce1 & has be5 on ! decl9e4 ,%elley's ,que5 ,mab1 #a/ ed4 #ahac1 0 sold at ,london = #bb4aj1 & 8 ,refutation ( ,deism1 #ahad1 0 sold at #cc1 at a ,london sale 9 #ahhg4 ,9 ,new ,york1 _m fir/ editions ( ,%elley's poems br\ght ! foll[+ enorm\s prices 9 #ahig4 ,%elley's ,adonais1 #a/ ed4 ,pisa1 ,italy1 #ahba1 #cce4 ,ala/or1 ,london1 #ahaf1 #acj4 ,! ,c5ci1 ,italy1 #ahai1 #fe4 ,hellas1 ,london1 #ahbb1 #ac4 ,b ^! 7 purely adv5titi\s prices1 z 0 cle>ly %[n 9 ! sale at ! same auction rooms1 a ye> or two e>li]1 ( ! foll[+3 ,%elley's ,adonais1 #a/ ed4 ,pisa1 #ahba1 #ai4 ,ala/or1 ,london1 #ahaf1 #cb4 ,! ,c5ci1 ,italy1 #ahai1 #ba4 ,hellas1 ,london1 #ahbb1 #b4 ,! sales occasionally made at auction ( c]ta9 books at extraord9>y prices1 prove no?+ :atev] z to ! real m>ket value1 = ^! reasons3 7#a7 ,! auctione] (t5 has an unlimit$ bid1 & ! price is c>ri$ up to an inord9ate height4 7#b7 ,two or m bidd]s pres5t1 infatuat$ by ! idea ( extreme r>ity1 bid aga9/ "o ano!r until all b "o succumb1 :5 ! price has rea*$ a figure :i* x is a mild use ( t]ms to call absurd4 7#c7 ,descriptions 9 sale catalogues1 ?\gh (t5 entirely unf\nd$1 *>act]is+ a book z excessively r>e2 only -- copies kn[n1 v sc>ce1 nev] be=e (f]$ at our sales1 etc41 may c>ry ! bidd+ on a book up to an unhe>d-( price4 ,! appeal always lies to ! ye>s aga9/ ! h\rs2 & _m a poor book-mad en?usia/ has _h to rue 8 too easy cr$ulity 9 giv+ an extravagant sum = books :i* he discov]s lat] t he c\ld h b\ght = z _m %ill+s z he has paid doll>s4 ,n t ! r>issimi ( e>ly pr9t$ books c ev] be pur*as$ = a trifle2 b x %\ld ev] be rememb]$ t ev5 at ! sales :]e a few--a v few--br+ ! enorm\s prices t are bruit$ abroad1 ! mass ( ! books (f]$ are knock$ d[n at v mod]ate figures1 or are ev5 sacrific$ at rates v f> bel[ _! co/4 ,! possessor ( "o ( ! books s adv]tis$ z sold at "s auction = a hundr$ doll>s or upw>ds1 if he expects to realise a ti! ( ! figure quot$1 w spe$ily f9d himself 9 ! vocative4 ,:ile !re are almo/ priceless r>ities n to be f\nd 9 ! m>ket by any buy]1 let ! book collector be consol$ by ! k t good books1 9 good editions1 7 nev] s easy to come by z n[4 ,a f9e libr>y c be ga!r$ by any "o ) v mod]ate means1 supplem5t$ by a fair am\nt ( sagacity & common s5se4 ,! buy] ) a c>efully dige/$ li/ ( books want$ w f9d t to buy !m wisely takes m "t & less money ?an he _h anticipat$4 ,! "t is requir$ to acqua9t himself ) ! _m compet+ editions1 ) _! respective m]its & dem]its4 ,?is involves a comp>ison ( type1 pap]1 & b9d+1 z well z ! comp>ative prices ( v>i\s deal]s = ! same books4 ,no "o :o is himself gift$ ) good p]ceptions & good ta/e1 %\ld tru/ to o!r h&s ! selection ( 8 libr>y4 ,8 enjoym5t ( x w be proportion$ to ! ext5t to :i* x is 8 own creation4 ,! passion = nobly writt5 books1 h&somely pr9t$1 & clo!d 9 a fitt+ g>b1 :5 x has once dawn$1 is n to be defraud$ ( its satisfaction by hir+ a commission m]*ant to appease x4 ,:at we d = ourselves1 9 ! acquirem5t ( any k1 is apt to be well done3 :at is done = u by o!rs is ( little value4 ,we h he>d ( "s un9=m$ p>v5us1 gr[n sudd5ly ri*1 :o h fir/ ord]$ a magnific5t libr>y room fitt$ ) rose-wood1 m>ble & gild$ trapp+s1 & !n ord]$ x to be fill$ ) spl5didly b\nd volumes at s mu* p] volume4 ,& x is an au!ntic fact1 t a booksell] to ! ,cz> ( ,russia "o ,klo/]mann1 actually sold books at fifty to "o hundr$ r\bles by ! y>d1 accord+ to ! b9d+4 ,! =ce ( folly c\ld no f>!r g1 to debase ! aims & degrade ! intellect ( man4 ,9 ! *apt] ^u r>e books1 ! read] w f9d in/ances 9 great v>iety ( ! causes t contribute to ! sc>city & enhancem5t ( prices ( c]ta9 books1 )\t at all affect+ _! intr9sic value1 :i* may be ( ! smalle/4 ,,*apt] #c4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,book ,,b9d+4 ,9 ^! sugge/ions ^u ! important "q ( ! b9d+ ( books1 ,i %all h no?+ to say ( ! hi/ory ( ! art1 & v little ( its ae/hetics4 ,! pla9e/ & mo/ practical h9ts w be aim$ at1 & if my exp]i5ce %all prove ( value to any1 ,i %all be well rew>d$ = giv+ x "h4 ,= o!r matt]s read]s w naturally consult "s ( ! num]\s manuals ( book-b9d+ 9 ,engli%1 ,fr5* & ,g]man4 ,! sumptu\s b9d+s execut$ 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 "u ! patronage & ! eyes ( ,groli]1 ! fam\s tool$ ma/]pieces ( ,d]ome1 ,le ,gascon1 ,padel\p1 ,trautz & o!r ,fr5* arti/s1 & ! beautiful gems ( ! b9d]'s art f ! h&s ( ,rog] ,payne1 ,lewis1 ,mack5zie1 ,hayday & ,b$=d1 are !y n celebrat$ 9 ! pages ( ,dibd91 ,lacroix1 ,f\rni]1 ,:eatley1 & ,rob]t ,hoe8 ,!re are "s pr(ess$ lov]s ( books :o affect ei!r indiff]5ce or contempt = ! /yle 9 :i* _! favorites are dress$4 ,a well kn[n epigram ( ,burns is sometimes quot$ aga9/ ! fondness = f9e b9d+s :i* widely prevails 9 ! pres5t day1 z x did 9 t ( ! ,scotti% ,poet4 ,a c]ta9 ,scotti% nobleman1 end[$ ) m weal? ?an bra9s1 0 va9 ( 8 spl5didly b\nd ,%akespe>e1 :i*1 h[ev]1 he nev] read4 ,burns1 on op5+ ! folio1 f\nd ! leaves sadly worm-eat51 & wrote ^! l9es on ! fly-leaf3 ,?r\gh & ?r\gh ?' inspir$ leaves1 ,ye maggots make y\r w9d+s2 ,b ,o respect 8 lord%ip's ta/e1 ,& sp>e ! gold5 b9d+s6 ,yet no real book-lov] fails to appreciate ! neatness & beauty ( a ta/eful b9d+1 any m ?an he is indiff]5t to ! same qualities 9 lit]>y /yle4 ,slov5ly b9d+ is almo/ z (f5sive to a cultivat$ eye z slov5ly composition4 ,no d\bt bo? are m]e ext]nals1 z we are told1 & s are ! spl5dors ( sc5]y1 ! beauty ( fl[]s1 & ! comel9ess ( ! human =m1 or features1 or co/ume4 ,talk z m5 w ( ! insignificance ( dress1 x con/itutes a l>ge %>e ( ! attractiv5ess ( ! _w 9 :i* we live4 ,! two prime requisites ( good b9d+ = libr>ies are neatness & solidity4 ,x is pleasant to note ! /eady improvem5t 9 ,am]ican b9d+s ( late ye>s4 ,z ! old /yle ( ,half clo? bo>ds1 ( half a c5tury ago1 ) pap] titles pa/$ on ! backs1 has giv5 way to ! neat1 emboss$1 full musl9 gilt1 s ! clumsy & homely %eep-sk9 b9d+ has be5 supplant$ by ! half-roan or morocco1 ) m>ble or musl9 sides4 ,few books are issu$1 h[ev]1 ei!r "h or abroad1 9 :at may be call$ p]man5t b9d+s4 ,! *eapness dem&$ by buy]s ( popul> books =bids ?is1 :ile x leaves to ! ta/e & fancy ( e "o ! selection ( ! libr>y /yle 9 :i* he w h 8 collection p]man5tly dress$4 ,:at is ! be/ /yle ( b9d+ = a select or a public libr>y8 is a "q (t5 discuss$1 ) wide discrepancies ( op9ion4 ,! s univ]sally preval5t clo? b9d+ is too flimsy = books subject$ to mu* use--z mo/ volumes 9 public collections & _m 9 private libr>ies are likely to be4 ,! *oice ( ! m sub/antial b9d+s lies betwe5 calf & morocco1 & betwe5 half or full b9d+s ( ei!r4 ,= ne>ly all books1 half b9d+1 if well execut$1 & ) clo? sides1 is q z elegant1 & v ne>ly z solid & la/+ z full lea!r2 = if a book is s worn z to ne$ reb9d+1 x is g5]ally 9 a "p :]e ! full b9d+ we>s out q z fa/ z ! o!r4 ,t is1 x gets worn at ! h+es & on ! back1 :e!r full or half-b\nd4 ,! exceptions are ! heavy diction>ies1 encyclopa$ias1 & o!r works ( ref]5ce1 :i* are subject$ to mu* we> & te> at ! sides1 z well z at ! back & corn]s4 ,full lea!r is mu* m exp5sive ?an half b9d+1 ?\gh n d\bly s4 ,e libr>ian or book collector %\ld und]/& some?+ ( book-b9d+ & its t]ms1 s t he may be able to give cle> directions z to e item involv$ 9 b9d+1 repair+1 or re-lett]+1 & to detect imp]fect or slight$ "w4 ,! qualities t we always expect to f9d 9 a well-b\nd book are solidity1 flexibility1 & elegance4 ,special exam9ation %\ld be direct$ t[>d ea* ( ^! po9ts 9 revis+ any lot ( books return$ f a b9d]4 ,look at ea* book ) reg>d to3-- #a4 ,flexibility 9 op5+4 #b4 ,ev5ness ( ! cov]1 :i* %\ld lie flat & smoo?--ea* edge be+ j p>allel ) ! o!rs ?r\gh\t4 #c4 ,compactness--see t ! volumes are ?or\ghly press$--solid1 & n loose or spongy4 #d4 ,correct & ev5 lett]+ ( titles1 & o!r tool+4 #e4 ,good wide m>g9s4 ,a well-b\nd book always op5s out flat1 & /ays op54 ,x also %uts up completely1 & :5 clos$ /ays %ut4 ,b h[ _m books d we see always bulg+ op5 at ! sides1 or /iffly resi/+ be+ op5$ by too great tightness 9 ! back8 ,if ! books y h _h b\nd d n meet all ^! requirem5ts1 x is "t to look = ano!r b9d]4 ,! diff]5t /yles ( dress+ books may all be summ$ up 9 ! foll[+ mat]ials3 ,bo>ds1 clo?1 vellum1 %eep1 bock1 pig-sk91 calf1 ,russia1 & morocco--to :i* may be add$ ( rec5t ye>s1 buckram1 duck1 l9oleum1 & ! imitations ( lea!r1 su* z lea!rette & morocco pap]1 & ( p>*m5t4 ,i take no acc\nt "h ( obsolete /yles--z ivory1 wood1 brass1 silv] & o!r metals1 nor ( velvet1 sat91 & o!r occasional luxuries ( ! b9d]'s art4 ,^! belong to ! doma9 ( ! amateur1 ! antiqu>y1 or ! book-fanci]--n to t ( ! libr>ian or ! ord9>y book-collector4 ,roan lea!r is no?+ b %eep-sk91 /a9$ or color$2 basil or basan is %eepsk9 tann$ 9 b>k1 :ile roan is tann$ 9 sumac1 & mo/ ( ! s call$ moroccos are also %eep1 +5i\sly gra9$ by a me*anical process4 ,z all ! manufactures 9 ! _w are full ( %oddy1 or %am mat]ials1 ! bookb9d]'s art af=ds no exception4 ,b if ! libr>ian or collector patronises %ams1 he %\ld at lea/ d x ) 8 eyes op51 & ) due c\nt+ ( ! co/4 ,n[ z to ! relative m]its & dem]its ( mat]ials = b9d+4 ,no "o w *oose bo>ds cov]$ ) pap] = any book :i* is to be subject$ to p]usal1 & clo? is too flimsy & %aky 9 its atta*m5t to ! book1 h[ev] *eap1 = any libr>y volumes :i* are to be con/antly 9 use4 ,x is true t s9ce ! bulk ( ! new books com+ into any libr>y are b\nd 9 clo?1 !y may be safely left 9 x until well worn2 & by ?is rule1 all ! books :i* nobody ev] reads may be expect$ to la/ _m ye>s1 if n = g5]ations4 ,clo? is a v durable mat]ial1 & w outla/ "s ( ! lea!rs1 b any wett+ de/roys its beauty1 & all colors b ! d>ke/ soon become soil$ & repulsive1 if 9 con/ant use4 ,9 mo/ libr>ies1 ,i hold t e clo?-b\nd book :i* is read1 mu/ soon] or lat] come to h a /\t lea!r jacket4 ,x may g = ye>s1 especially if ! book is well sew$1 b to reb9d+ x mu/ come at la/2 & ! l>g] ! volume1 ! soon] x becomes %aky1 or brok5 at "s weak spot4 ,! _m beautiful new =ms ( clo? b9d+ %\ld h a ^w ( praise1 b ! _m m :i* we see ( gaudy1 fanta/ic1 & m]etrici\s b9d+s1 & frightful comb9ations ( colors mu/ be view$ ) a %udd]4 ,vellum1 =m]ly mu* us$ = book-b9d+s1 is ! mod]n "n = p>*m5t4 ,p>*m5t 0 ! only kn[n writ+ mat]ial up to ! #ab? c5tury1 :5 pap] 0 fir/ inv5t$4 ,!re are two k9ds--animal & vegetable4 ,! vegetable is made f cotton fibre or pap]1 by dipp+ x 9 a solution ( sulphuric acid & sometimes gelat9e1 !n remov+ ! acid by a weak solution ( ammonia1 & smoo? f9i%+ by roll+ ! %eets ov] a heat$ cyl9d]4 ,vegetable p>*m5t is us$ to b9d _m booklets :i* x is desir$ to dress 9 an elegant or da9ty /yle1 b is highly unsuitable = libr>y books4 ,vellum prop] is a mu* ?ick] mat]ial1 made f ! sk9s ( calves1 %eep1 or lambs1 soak$ 9 lime-wat]1 & smoo!d & h>d5$ by burni%+ ) a h>d in/rum5t1 or pumice-/one4 ,! common vellum is made f %eep-sk9 splits1 or skiv]s1 b ! be/ f :ole calf-sk9s4 ,! h>d1 /rong texture ( vellum is 9 its favor1 b its :ite color & t5d5cy to w>p are fatal objections to x z a b9d+ mat]ial4 ,vellum is :olly unfit = ! %elves ( a libr>y2 ! elegant :ite b9d+ soils ) du/1 or ! use ( ! h&s1 m quickly ?an any o!r2 & ! vellum w>ps 9 a dry climate1 or curls up 9 a heat$ room1 s z to be unmanageable ^u ! %elves1 & a nuisance 9 ! eyes ( libr>ian & read] alike4 ,! ?9 vegetable p>*m5t lately 9 vogue = "s books & booklets is too unsub/antial = any?+ b a lady's b\doir1 :]e x may h its little day--a ?+ ( beauty1 b by no means a joy =ev]4 ,%eepsk9--once ! full b9d+ = mo/ s*ool-books1 & = a l>ge %>e ( law & miscellane\s works = libr>ies1 is n[ b little us$1 except 9 its disguis$ =ms4 ,x is too s(t a lea!r = h>d we> & te>1 & :at ) abrasion & break+ at ! h+es 7t]m$ by b9d]s ! jo9ts71 x w give little satisfaction 9 ! long run4 ,"u ! effect ( gas & heat$ atmosph]es %eep crumbles & turns to p[d]4 ,its *eapness is ab\t its only m]it1 & ev5 ?is is d\btful economy1 s9ce no b9d+ c be call$ *eap t has to be reb\nd or repair$ e few ye>s4 ,9 ! =m ( half-roan or bock1 color$ %eep pres5ts a h&some appe>ance on ! %elf1 & 9 volumes or sets :i* are reasonably secure f frequ5t h&l+1 "o is sometimes ju/ifi$ 9 adopt+ x1 z x is f> less exp5sive ?an morocco4 ,pig-sk9 has be5 rec5tly reviv$ z a b9d+ mat]ial1 b ?\gh extremely h>d & durable1 x is f\nd to w>p badly on ! %elves4 ,calf b9d+s h always be5 great favorites ) book-lov]s1 & !re are few ?+s m beautiful--prima facie1 ?an a volume da9tily b\nd 9 light ,fr5* calf1 z smoo? z glass1 z f9e z silk1 ) elegant gold tool+ )\t & )91 gilt edges1 & fly-leaves ( f9e/ sat94 ,i said beautiful1 prima facie--& ?is calls to m9d ! def9ition ( t law t]m by a le>n$ ,v]mont juri/1 :o said3 ,g5tlem5 ( ! jury1 ,i mu/ expla9 to y t a prima facie case is a case t is v good 9 front1 b may be v bad 9 ! re>4 ,s ( our s mu* laud$ & really lovely calf b9d+s3 !y develop qualities 9 use :i* give u pause4 ,calf is ! mo/ brittle ( ! lea!rs--h5ce x is always break+ at ! h+es2 x is a v smoo? lea!r--h5ce x %[s e scrat* in/antly2 x is a light & delicate lea!r--h5ce x %[s soils & /a9s m quickly ?an any o!r4 ,out ( e hundr$ calf-b\nd volumes 9 any well-us$ libr>y1 !re w n rema9 t5 :i* h n _h to be re-b\nd or repair$ at ! end ( tw5ty or ?irty ye>s4 ,heavy volumes b\nd 9 calf or half-calf lea!r w break by _! own weight on ! %elves1 )\t any use at all2 & small] volumes are sure to h _! brittle jo9ts snapp$ asund] by h&l+ soon] or lat]--x is only a "q ( "t4 ,next comes ,russia lea!r1 :i* is v ?ick & /rong1 be+ made ( ! hides ( cattle1 color$1 & p]fum$ by ! oil ( bir*1 & made *iefly 9 ,russia4 ,! objections to ?is lea!r are its great co/1 its /iffness & want ( ela/icity1 & its t5d5cy to desiccate & lose all its t5acity 9 ! dry or heat$ atmosph]e ( our libr>ies4 ,x w break at ! h+es--?\gh n s readily z calf4 ,la/ly1 we h ! morocco lea!r1 s call$ because x 0 br\ght f ,morocco1 9 ,africa1 & /ill we get ! be/ f !nce1 & f ! ,m$it]ranean ports ( ! ,levant--:5ce comes ano!r "n = ! be/ ( ?is favorite lea!r1 ,levant morocco1 :i* is ! sk9 ( ! m\nta9 goat1 & reckon$ sup]ior to all o!r lea!rs4 ,! *>act]i/ics ( ! g5u9e morocco1 sometimes call$ ,turkey morocco1 hav+ a pebbl$ gra91 di/+ui%+ x f ! smoo? morocco1 are its t\ghness & durability1 comb9$ ) s(tness & flexibility4 ,x has a v t5aci\s fibre1 & ,i h nev] f\nd a real morocco b9d+ brok5 at ! h+es4 ,! old prov]b--!re is no?+ l lea!r--is pregnant ) mean+1 & especially applies to ! be/ morocco4 ,z no mat]ial yet discov]$ 9 s _m ages c take ! place ( lea!r = foot-we> & = h>ness1 su* is its t5acity & ela/icity--s = book cov]+s1 to )/& we> & te>1 good lea!r is indisp5sable4 ,!re are ?or\ghly-b\nd books exi/+ :i* are five c5turies old--repres5t+ ab\t ! "t :5 lea!r began to replace wood & metals = b9d+4 ,! ?ree great enemies ( books are too great heat1 too mu* moi/ure1 & coal gas1 :i* produces a sulphur\s acid v de/ructive to b9d+s1 & %\ld nev] be us$ 9 libr>ies4 ,f ! dang]s :i* de/roy calf & ,russia lea!r1 morocco is measurably free4 ,z to color1 ,i usually *oose r$ = books :i* come to b9d+ or reb9d+1 = ^! reasons4 ,! bulk ( e libr>y is ( d>k & sombre color1 be+ compos$ ( ! old-fa%ion$ calf b9d+s1 :i* gr[ d>k] ) age1 m+l$ ) ! clo? b9d+s ( our own day1 9 :i* d>k colors pr$om9ate4 ,n[ ! int]mixture ( r$ morocco1 9 all or mo/ ( ! newly b\nd books1 relieves ! monotony ( s mu* blackness1 lights up ! %elves1 & gives a m *e]ful aspect to ! :ole libr>y4 ,"s !re are :o insi/ ^u v>y+ ! colors ( b9d+s ) ! subjects ( ! books--& ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y actually once b\nd all works on botany 9 gre51 poetry 9 yell[1 hi/ory 9 r$1 & !ology 9 blue2 b ?is is m fanciful ?an important4 ,a second reason = pref]r+ r$ 9 moroccos is t1 be+ dy$ ) co*9eal1 x holds its color m p]man5tly ?an any o!r--! moroccos n color$ r$ turn+ to a d+y1 disagreeable br[n aft] =ty or fifty ye>s1 :ile ! r$ are f\nd to be fa/ colors4 ,?is 0 fir/ discov]$ 9 ! ,national ,libr>y ( ,france1 & ev] s9ce mo/ books 9 t great collection h be5 b\nd 9 r$4 ,a celebrat$ b9d] hav+ recomm5d$ ?is color to a connoisseur :o 0 hav+ f9e morocco b9d+ done1 in/anc$ ! example ( ! ,p>is ,libr>y1 ^: books1 said he1 are mo/ly r$1 to :i* ! amateur repli$ t he hop$ !y 74 ,add to ! m]its ( morocco lea!r ! fact t x is n easily scrat*$ nor /a9$1 t x is v t\gh 9 we>1 & resi/s bett] ?an any o!r ! moi/ure & soil+ ( ! h&s--& we h a mat]ial wor?y ( all acceptance4 ,9 half-b9d+ *os5 = ! great majority ( books because x is mu* *eap] ?an full lea!r1 ! sides are cov]$ ) musl9 or ) "s k9d ( color$ pap]--usually m>ble4 ,! f\r corn]s ( e book1 h[ev]1 %\ld always be protect$ by lea!r or1 bett] /ill1 by vellum1 :i* is a firm] mat]ial--o!rwise !y w rapidly we> (f1 & ! bo>ds w break easily at _! corn]s4 ,z to ! relative m]its ( clo? & pap] = ! sides ( books1 clo? is f> m durable1 ?\gh x co/s m4 ,pap] becomes quickly fray$ at ! edges1 or is liable to peel :]e pa/$ on1 ?\gh x may be r5ew$ at small exp5se1 & may prop]ly be us$ except ^u ! mu*-read portion ( ! libr>y4 ,! clo? or pap] %\ld always h>monize 9 color ) ! lea!r to :i* x is atta*$4 ,!y ne$ n be ! same1 b !y %\ld be ( simil> %ade4 ,"o m reason = pref]r+ morocco to o!r lea!rs is t y c always disp5se ) lett]+-pieces or pat*es 9 gild+ ! titles on ! back4 ,all light-color$ b9d+s 7includ+ law calf7 are op5 to ! objection t gold lett]+ is h>dly legible ^u !m4 ,h5ce ! necessity ( /amp+ ! titles ^u d>k] pieces ( lea!r1 :i* are fa/5$ to ! backs4 ,^! lett]+-pieces become loose 9 ov]-heat$ libr>ies1 & t5d cont9ually to peel (f1 entail+ ! exp5se ( repair+ or re-lett]+4 ,e morocco b\nd book c be lett]$ directly ^u ! lea!r4 ,bock is made ( ! sk9 ( ! ,p]sian %eep1 & is call$ ,p]sian 9 ,london4 ,x is a p>tially unsuccessful imitation ( morocco1 becom+ easily abrad$1 l all ! %eep-sk9 lea!rs1 & al?\gh x is to be _h 9 all colors1 & looks fairly h&some = a "t1 & is t\gh] ?an skiv] 7or split %eep-sk971 ! books t are b\nd 9 x w soon] or lat] become an eyesore ^u ! %elves4 ,a sk9 ( ,p]sian lea!r co/s ab\t "o-?ird ! price ( g5u9e morocco1 or goat4 ,b ! actual sav+ 9 b9d+ is 9 a f> less ratio--! diff]5ce be+ only six to eight c5ts p] volume4 ,x is really mu* *eap] to use morocco 9 ! fir/ place1 ?an to und]go all ! risks ( det]ioration & re-b9d+4 ,( ! v>i\s imitations ( lea!r1 or sub/itutes = x1 we h lea!rette1 lea!r-clo?1 duck1 fibrette1 felt9e1 & buckram4 ,buckram & duck are /rong cotton or l95 fabricks1 made ( diff]5t colors1 & sometimes figur$ or emboss$ to give !m some:at ! look ( lea!r4 ,hi!rto1 !y are made mo/ly 9 ,engl&1 & ,i h le>n$ ( no ,am]ican exp]i5ce 9 _! favor except ! use ( /\t duck = cov]+ blank books & b9d+ newspap]s4 ,! use ( buckram has be5 mo/ly ab&on$ by ! libr>ies4 ,morocco clo? is ,am]ican1 b has no advantage ov] pla9 musl9 or book clo?1 t ,i am aw>e (4 ,lea!rette1 made pr9cipally ( pap]1 color$ & emboss$ to simulate morocco lea!r1 appe>s to h dropp$ out ( use almo/ z fa/ z x came 91 hav+ no quality ( p]man5ce1 elegance1 or ev5 ( great *eapness to comm5d x4 ,lea!rette te>s easily1 & lacks bo? t5acity & smoo?ness4 ,bo? felt9e & fibrette are made ( pap]--te> quickly1 & are unfit = use on any book t is ev] likely to be read4 ,all ^! imitations ( lea!r are made ( pap] z _! basis1 & h5ce c nev] be prop] sub/itutes = lea!r4 ,all torn leaves or plates 9 books %\ld be at once m5d$ by pa/+ a v ?9 onion-sk9 pap] on bo? sides ( ! torn leaf1 & press+ g5tly betwe5 leaves ( siz$ pap] until dry4 ,corn]s made ( vellum or p>*m5t are m durable ?an any lea!r4 ,:5 dry1 ! p>*m5t becomes z h>d almo/ z iron & resi/s falls or abrasion4 ,to use x on books :]e ! backs are ( lea!r is a dep>ture f ! uni=mity or h>mony ( /yle insi/$ ^u by _m1 b 9 b9d+ books t are to be greatly worn1 use %\ld come be=e beauty4 ,9 reb9d+1 all maps or fold$ plates %\ld be m\nt$ on ?9 canvas1 l951 or musl91 /rong & f9e1 to protect !m f inevitable te>+ by long use4 ,if a co>se or ?ick clo? is us$1 ! maps w n fold or op5 easily & smoo?ly4 ,! cutt+ or trimm+ ( ! edges ( books ne$s to be wat*$ ) jeal\s c>e4 ,few h reflect$ t ! m m>g9 a b9d] cuts (f1 ! great] 8 pr(it on any job1 :ite pap] %av+s hav+ a v appreciable price by ! p\nd4 ,a /rictly uncut book is 9 _m ,am]ican libr>ies a r>ity4 ,& ( ! books :i* g a second "t to ! b9d]1 al?\gh at fir/ uncut1 h[ _m reta9 _! fair proportions ( m>g9 :5 !y come back8 ,y h all se5 books 9 :i* ! text has be5 cut into by ! ru?less knife-ma*9e ( ! b9d]4 ,?is is call$ ble$+ a book1 & !re are no words /rong en\gh to d5\nce ?is murd]\s & cold-blood$ atrocity4 ,! trimm+ ( all books %\ld be held )9 ! n>r[e/ limits--= ! life ( a book dep5ds l>gely ^u its pres]v+ a good m>g94 ,its only *ance ( be+ able to /& a second reb9d+ may dep5d ^u its be+ v little trimm$ at its fir/4 ,if x mu/ be cut at all1 *>ge y\r b9d] to take (f ! m]e/ %av+ f ei!r edge4 ,e new book or magaz9e add$ to ! libr>y1 if uncut1 %\ld be c>efully cut ) a pap]-knife be=e x goes into ! h&s ( any read]4 ,spoil$ or torn or ragg$ edges w be ! p5alty ( neglect+ ?is4 ,y h se5 p te> op5 ! leaves ( books & magaz9es ) _! f+]s--a b>b>ism :i* r5d]s him :o w\ld be guilty ( x wor?y ( bani%m5t f ! resorts ( civilization4 ,9 cutt+ books1 ! leaves %\ld always be held firmly d[n--& ! knife press$ ev5ly ?r\gh ! uncut leaves to ! f>!/ v]ge ( ! back4 ,books :i* are cut 9 ! loose fa%ion :i* _m use are left ) r\gh or ragg$ edges always1 & (t5 a slice is g\g$ out ( ! m>g9 by ! mis-direct$ knife4 ,nev] tru/ a book to a novice to be cut1 )\t %[+ him h[ to d x1 & h[ n to d x4 ,! collation ( new books 9 clo? or bro* %\ld be done be=e cutt+1 provid$ !y are issu$ to read]s untrimm$4 ,9 collat+ books 9 two or m volumes d\ble wat*fulness is ne$$ to gu>d aga9/ a miss+ signature1 :i* may h its place fill$ by ! same pages belong+ to ano!r volume--a mixture sometimes made 9 b9d]ies1 9 ga!r+ ! %eets1 & :i* makes x necess>y to see t ! signatures are "r z well z ! pages4 ,! collator %\ld *eck (f all plates & maps call$ = by ! table ( cont5ts to make sure t ! copy is p]fect4 ,books )\t pag9ation are ( c\rse to h _! leaves c\nt$1 :i* is done fir/ 9 detail1 "o by "o1 & !n v]ifi$ by a rapid c\nt+ 9 sections1 9 ! mann] us$ by pr9t]s & b9d]s 9 c\nt+ pap] by ! quire4 ,! b9d+ ( books may be divid$ into two /yles or me?ods1 namely1 ma*9e-made book-b9d+s1 & h&-made b9d+s4 ,b9d+ by ma*9]y is :olly a mod]n art1 & is appli$ to all or ne>ly all new books com+ f ! press4 ,z ^! are1 9 m ?an n9e cases out ( t51 b\nd 9 clo? cov]s1 & ^! cov]s1 or cases1 are cut out & /amp$ by ma*9]y1 su* books are call$ case-made4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ?is me?od ( b9d+ & ! h& me?od is t 9 ! =m] ! case is made sep>ately f ! book1 :i* is !n put into x4 ,aft] ! %eets ( any book come press$ & dri$ f ! pr9t+ (fice1 ! fir/ /ep is to fold !m f ! l>ge flat %eets into book =m4 ,?is is sometimes done by h&-fold]s ( bone or "s o!r h>d mat]ial1 b 9 l>ge e/abli%m5ts = mak+ books1 x is done by a fold+ ma*9e4 ,?is w fold t5 ?\s& or m %eets 9 a day4 ,! fold$ %eets are next plac$ 9 piles or r[s1 9 _! num]ical sequ5ce1 & ga!r$ by h&1 i4 e43 a b9d]y h& picks up ! %eets "o by "o1 ) great rapidity1 until "o :ole book is ga!r$ & collat$1 & ! process is repeat$ s long z any %eets rema94 ,next1 ! books are ?or\ghly press$ or sma%$ z x is call$1 9 a p[]ful sma%+-ma*9e1 giv+ solidity to ! book1 :i* be=e press+ 0 loose & spongy4 ,!n ! books are saw$ or groov$ 9 ! back by ano!r ma*9e1 op]at+ a swiftly mov+ saw1 & sew$ on cords by /ill ano!r ma*9e1 at ab\t half ! co/ ( h&-sew+4 ,next1 !y are cut or trimm$ on ! ?ree edges 9 a cutt+-ma*9e4 ,! backs ( ! books are made r\nd by a r\nd+-ma*9e1 leav+ ! back convex & ! front concave 9 =m1 z se5 9 all f9i%$ books4 ,! books are n[ ready = ! cov]s4 ,^! consi/ ( b9d]s' bo>d or mill-bo>d1 cut out ( l>ge %eets into prop] size1 ) lightn+-l rapidity1 by ano!r ma*9e call$ a rot>y bo>d-cutt]4 ,! clo? :i* is to =m ! back & sides ( ! book is cut out1 ( prop] size = ! bo>ds1 f great rolls ( /amp$ or ribb$ or emboss$ musl91 by ano!r ma*9e4 ,! use ( clo?1 n[ s univ]sal = book-b9d+1 dates back little m ?an half a c5tury4 ,ab\t #ahbe1 ,mr4 ,leighton1 ( ,london1 introduc$ x z a sub/itute = ! drab-color$ pap] !n us$ on ! sides1 & = ! pr9t$ titles on ! backs4 ,! bo>ds are firmly glu$ to ! clo?1 ! edges ( :i* are turn$ ov] ! bo>ds1 & fa/5$ on ! inside ( ! cov]s4 ,! ornam5tal /amps or figures se5 on ! cov]s1 bo? at ! back & sides are /amp$ 9 ) a heat$ die ( brass1 or o!r metal1 work$ by ma*9]y4 ,! lett]+ ( ! title is done 9 ! same way1 only t gold-leaf is appli$ be=e ! die falls4 ,la/ly1 ! book is pa/$ by its fly leaves or end-leaves1 7sometimes ) ! addition ( a clo? gu>d7 to ! inside ( ! clo? case or cov]1 & ! book is done1 aft] a f9al press+4 ,by ^! rapid ma*9e me?ods a s+le book-manufactur+ h\se c turn out t5 ?\s& volumes 9 a day1 ) a rapidity :i* almo/ takes ! brea? away f ! behold]4 ,!re is a k9d ( b9d+ :i* disp5ses entirely ) sew+ ! %eets ( a book4 ,! backs are soak$ ) a solution ( india-rubb]1 & ea* %eet mu/ be ?or\ghly agglut9at$ to ! backs1 s z to adh]e firmly to its fell[s4 ,?is requires t all ! %eets %all be fold$ z s+le leaves or folios1 o!rwise ! inn] leaves ( ! %eets1 hav+ no sew+1 w\ld drop out4 ,?is me?od is employ$ on volumes ( plates1 music1 or any books made up ( l>ge sep>ate %eets4 ,9 notable contra/ to ^! rapid me?ods ( b9d+ :at are t]m$ case-made books1 comes ! h&-made process1 :]e only p>tial use ( ma*9]y is possible4 ,! reb9d+ process is divid$ into ?ree bran*es3 prep>+1 =w>d+1 & f9i%+4 ,! mo/ vital di/9ction betwe5 a ma*9e-made & a h&-made b9d+1 is t ! clo? or case-made book is n fa/5$ into its cov] 9 a firm & p]man5t way1 z 9 lea!r-back$ books4 ,x is simply pa/$ or glu$ to its bo>ds--n int]lac$ by ! cords or b&s on :i* x is sew$4 ,h5ce "o c easily te> (f ! :ole cov] ( a clo?-b\nd book1 by a slight ef=t1 & su* volumes t5d to come to pieces e>ly1 "u con/ant we> & te> ( libr>y s]vice4 ,let u n[ turn to ! practical /eps pursu$ 9 ! treatm5t ( books = libr>y use4 ,9 re-b9d+ a book1 ! fir/ /ep is to take ! book ap>t1 or1 z x is sometimes call$1 to take x to pieces4 ,?is is done by fir/ /ripp+ (f its cov]1 if x has "o4 ,clo? cov]s easily come (f1 z _! bo>ds are n ti$ to ! cords on :i* ! book is sew$1 b are simply fa/5$ by pa/e or glue to ! bo>ds by a musl9 gu>d1 or else ! clo? is glu$ to ! back ( ! book4 ,if ! book is lea!r-cov]$1 or half-b\nd1 i4 e43 ) a lea!r back & 7usually7 lea!r on its f\r corn]s1 tak+ x to pieces is a some:at sl[] process4 ,! b9d]'s knife is us$ to cut ! lea!r at ! jo9ts or h+es ( ! volume1 s t ! bo>ds may be remov$4 ,! cords t tie ! bo>ds to ! volume are cut at ! same "t4 ,if ! book has a loose or flexible back1 ! :ole cov] comes easily (f3 if b\nd ) a tight back1 ! glu$ lea!r back mu/ be soak$ ) a sponge full ( wat]1 till x is s(t en\gh to peel (f1 & let ! %eets be easily sep>at$4 ,! book is n[ /ripp$ ( its =m] b9d+1 & ! next /ep is to take x ap>t1 signature by signature4 ,a signature is t numb] ( leaves :i* make up "o %eet ( ! book 9 h&4 ,?us1 an octavo volume1 or a volume pr9t$ 9 eights1 z x is call$1 has eight leaves1 or sixte5 pages to a signature2 a qu>to f\r leaves2 a duodecimo1 or #ab mo4 twelve leaves4 ,! t]m signature 7f ,lat4 sign>e1 a sign7 is also appli$ to a lett] or figure pr9t$ at ! foot ( ! fir/ page ( ea* %eet or section ( ! book4 ,if ! lett]s are us$1 ! signatures beg9 ) ,a4 & foll[ 9 regul> sequ5ce ( ! alphabet4 ,if ! book is a v ?ick "o1 7or m ?an tw5ty-six signatures7 !n aft] signature ,z1 x is cu/om>y to duplicate ! lett]s--,a4 ,a4--etc41 = ! rema9+ signatures4 ,if figures are us$ in/ead ( lett]s1 ! signatures run on to ! la/1 9 ord] ( numb]s4 ,^! lett]s1 indicat+ signatures are an aid to ! b9d]1 9 fold+1 ga!r+1 & collat+ ! consecutive %eets ( any book1 sav+ con/ant ref]5ce to ! pag9ation1 z x is t]m$1 or ! pag+ ( ! volume1 :i* w\ld take mu* m "t4 ,9 _m books1 y f9d ! signature repeat$ 9 ! inset1 or ! inn] leaves ( ! %eet1 ) a /> or a figure to m>k ! sequ5ce4 ,_m books1 h[ev]1 are n[ pr9t$ )\t any signature m>ks :atev]4 ,to return3 9 tak+ ap>t ! %eets or signatures1 :]e !y are /uck toge!r at ! back by adhesive glue or pa/e1 ! knife is fir/ us$ to cut ! ?read 9 ! grooves1 :]e ! book is sew$ on cords or tape4 ,!n ! back is aga9 soak$1 ! %eets are c>efully sep>at$1 & ! adh]+ sub/ance remov$ by ! knife or f+]s4 ,c>e has to be tak5 to lay ! signatures 9 /rict ord] or sequ5ce ( pages1 or ! book may be b\nd up wrongly4 ,! ?reads are next to be remov$ f ! inside ( e %eet4 ,! %eets be+ all sep>at$1 ! book is next press$1 to r5d] all ! leaves smoo?1 & ! book solid = b9d+4 ,=m]ly1 books 7 beat5 by a p[]ful hamm]1 to accompli% ?is1 b x is mu* m quickly & effectively done 9 mo/ b9d]ies by ! ord9>y screw press4 ,e press+ ( books %\ld leave !m "u pressure at lea/ eight h\rs4 ,aft] press+1 ! next /ep is to sew ! %eets on to cords or tw9e1 set v]tically at prop] di/ances 9 a frame1 call$ a sew+ b5*1 = ?is purpose4 ,no book c be ?or\ghly well b\nd if ! sew+ is slight$ 9 any degree4 ,insi/ ^u /rong1 hone/ l95 ?read--if x breaks ) a slight pull x is n fit to be us$ 9 a book4 ,! book is prep>$ = ! sew] by saw+ sev]al grooves across ! back ) a common saw4 ,! two end grooves are light & n>r[1 ! c5tral ones wid] & deep]4 ,into ^! inn] grooves1 ! cords fit easily1 & ! book be+ tak51 %eet by %eet1 is firmly sew$ ar\nd ! cords1 by alt]nate movem5ts ( ! ne$le & ?read1 always along ! middle ( ! %eet1 ! ?read mak+ a firm knot at ea* end 7call$ ! kettle-/it*7 z x is return$ = sew+ on ! next %eet4 ,sometimes ! backs are n saw$ at all1 b ! %eets ( ! book are sew$ ar\nd ! cords1 :i* ?us project a little f ! back1 & =m ! b&s1 se5 9 rais$ =m on ! backs ( "s books4 ,books %\ld be sew$ on ?ree to six cords1 accord+ to _! size4 ,?is rais$-b& sew+ is reckon$ by "s a feature ( excell5t b9d+4 ,! sunk5-b& /yle is apt to give a /iff back1 :ile ! rais$ b&s are usually treat$ ) a flexible back4 ,:5 sew$1 ! book is deta*$ f its fell[s1 :i* may h be5 sew$ on ! same b5*1 by slipp+ x along ! cords1 !n cutt+ !m ap>t1 s z to leave "s two in*es ( ea* cord project+1 z ends to be fa/5$ lat] to ! bo>d4 ,9 c>eful b9d+1 ! ?read is sew$ all along1 i4 e43 ea* %eet by itself1 in/ead ( two on1 z x is call$4 ,! next process is t]m$ l9+ up1 & consi/s ( putt+ on ! prop] fly-leaves or end-leaves1 at ! beg9n+ & end ( ! volume4 ,^! usually consi/ ( f\r leaves ( ord9>y :ite pr9t+ pap] at ea* end1 sometimes f9i%$ out ) two leaves ( color$ or m>bl$ pap]1 to add a t\* ( beauty to ! book :5 op5$4 ,m>bl$ pap] is m durable 9 color ?an ! t9t$1 & does n /a9 s easily4 ,"o ( ^! end-leaves is pa/$ d[n to ! inside cov]1 :ile ! o!r is left fly+--:5ce fly-leaf4 ,aft] ?is comes ! cutt+ ( ! book at ! edges4 ,?is is done by screw+ x firmly 9 a cutt+-ma*9e1 :i* works a %>p knife rapidly1 %av+ (f ! edges successively ( ! head1 front & end1 or tail z x is call$ 9 book-b9d+ p>lance4 ,?is trimm+ us$ to be done by h&1 ) a %>p cutt+ knife call$ by b9d]s a pl\gh4 ,n[1 !re are _m =ms ( cutt+ ma*9es1 "s ( :i* are call$ guillot9es = an obvi\s reason4 ,9 b9d+ "s books1 :i* x is desir$ to pres]ve ) wide m>g9s1 only a m]e %av+ is tak5 (f ! head1 s z to leave x smoo? at ! top1 lett+ ! front & tail leaves rema9 uncut4 ,b 9 case ( re-b9d+ mu*-us$ books1 ! edges are commonly s mu* soil$ t trimm+ all ar\nd may be requir$1 9 ord] t !y may pres5t a dec5t appe>ance4 ,yet 9 no case %\ld ! b9d] be all[$ to cut any book deeply1 s z to de/roy a good1 fair m>g94 ,c>e mu/ also be tak5 to cut ! m>g9s ev5ly1 at "r angles1 avoid+ any crook$ l9es4 ,aft] cutt+ ! book comes r\nd+1 or giv+ ! back ( ! book a curv$ in/ead ( its flat %ape4 ,?is process is done ) ! h&1 by a hamm]1 or 9 a r\nd+ press1 ) a metallic roll]4 ,be=e r\nd+1 ! back ( ! book is glu$ up1 t is1 receives a coat+ ( melt$ glue ) a glue+ bru%1 to hold ! sections toge!r1 & r5d] ! back firm1 & a ?or\gh rubb+ ( ! back ) hot glue betwe5 ! sections gives /r5g? to ! volume4 ,next comes ! treatm5t ( ! edges ( ! book1 hi!rto all :ite1 9 ord] to protect !m f %[+ soil 9 long use4 ,sometimes 7& ?is is ! *eap] process7 ! books are simply spr9kl$ at ! edges ) a bru% dipp$ 9 a d>k fluid made ( burnt umb] or r$ o*re1 & %ak5 ) a quick concussion ne> ! edges until !y receive a spr9kle ( color f ! bru%4 ,o!r books receive :at is call$ a solid color on ! edges1 ! books be+ screw$ into a press1 & ! color appli$ ) a sponge or bru%4 ,b a m>bl$ edge pres5ts a f> m h&some appe>ance1 & %\ld h>monize 9 color & figure ) ! m>bl$ pap] ( ! end leaves4 ,m>bl+1 s call$ f its imitation ( ri*ly ve9$ color$ m>ble1 is /a9+ pap] or book edges ) v>iegat$ colors4 ,! process ( m>bl+ is highly curi\s1 bo? *emically & ae/hetically1 & may be briefly describ$4 ,a l>ge %all[ tr\gh or vat is fill$ ) prep>$ gum wat] 7gum-tragacan? be+ us$72 on ! surface ( ?is gum-wat] bright colors1 mix$ ) a little ox-gall1 to be us$ 9 produc+ ! composite effect aim$ at 9 ! m>bl+ are ?r[n or spr9kl$ 9 liquid =m4 ,!n !y are deftly /irr$ or agitat$ on ! surface ( ! wat]1 ) an implem5t %ap$ to produce a c]ta9 patt]n4 ,! mo/ commonly us$ "o is a long metallic comb1 :i* is drawn across ! surface ( ! comb9$ liquids1 leav+ its patt]n impress$ ^u ! ductile fluid4 ,! edges ( ! book to be m>bl$ are !n t\*$ or dipp$ on ! top ( ! wat]1 on :i* ! color+ matt] floats1 & at once )drawn1 exhibit+ on ! edge ! precise patt]n ( comb$ m>ble desir$1 s9ce ! v>i\s colors--r$1 yell[1 blue1 :ite1 etc41 h adh]$ to ! surface ( ! book-edges4 ,! s]rat$ & div]sifi$ effect ( mo/ comb-m>bl+ is due to /rok+ ! comb 9 wav$ l9es ov] ! surface4 ,! spott$ effect s mu* admir$ 9 o!r =ms1 is produc$ by ?r[+ ! colors on ) a bru%1 at ! fancy ( ! skill$ workman1 or arti/1 z y may call him4 ,m>bl$ pap] is made 9 ! same way1 by dipp+ "o surface ( ! :ite %eet1 held 9 a curv$ =m1 ) great c>e on ! surface ( ! color+ vat4 ,?is is t]m$ %ell & wave m>bl+1 z di/+ui%$ f comb-m>bl+4 ,! pap] or ! book edges are next f9i%$ by siz+ & burni%+1 :i* gives !m a bright gli/5+ appe>ance4 ,a /ill m ornate effect 9 a book is atta9$ by gild+ ! edges4 ,frequ5tly ! head ( a book is gilt1 leav+ ! front & tail ( an uncut book )\t ornam5t1 & ?is is e/eem$ a v elegant /yle by book connoisseurs1 :o are1 or %\ld be solicit\s ( wide m>g9s4 ,! gild+ ( ! top edge is a p>tial protection f du/ fall+ inside1 to :i* ! o!r edges are n s liable4 ,to gild a book edge1 x is plac$ 9 a press1 ! edges scrap$ or smoo!d1 & coat$ ) a r$-color$ fluid1 :i* s]ves to height5 ! effect ( ! gold4 ,!n a siz+ is appli$ by a camel's-hair bru%1 be+ a /icky sub/ance1 usually ! :ite ( an egg1 mix$ ) wat] 7t]m$ by b9d]s glaire7 & ! gold-leaf is laid smoo?ly ov] x4 ,:5 ! siz+ is dry1 ! gold is burni%$ ) a tool1 tipp$ ) an agate or blood-/one1 drawn =cibly ov] ! edge until x assumes a gli/5+ appe>ance4 ,aft] ! edges h be5 treat$ by :atev] process1 !re foll[s :at is t]m$ ! back+ ( ! book4 ,! volume is press$ betwe5 iron clamps1 & ! back is hamm]$ or roll$ :]e x jo9s ! sides1 s z to =m a groove to hold ! bo>ds =m+ ! solid portion ( ! cov] ( e book4 ,a back+-ma*9e is sometimes us$ = ?is process1 mak+ by pressure ! jo9t or groove = ! bo>ds4 ,!n ! head-b& is glu$ on1 be+ a silk braid or color$ musl91 fa/5$ ar\nd a cord1 :i* projects a little above ! head & ! tail1 at ! back ( ! book1 giv+ x a m f9i%$ appe>ance4 ,at ! same "t1 a book-m>k = keep+ ! place is sometimes ins]t$ & fa/5$ l ! head-b&4 ,?is is (t5 a n>r[ ribbon ( color$ silk1 or sat91 & helps to give a f9i% to ! book1 z well z to furni% ! read] a tru/wor?y guide to keep a place--z x w n fall out l bits ( pap] ins]t$ = t purpose4 ,next1 ! mill-bo>ds are appli$1 cut s z to project ab\t an eigh? to a qu>t] ( an in* f ! edges ( ! book on ?ree sides4 ,! book is held to ! bo>ds by ! ends ( its cords be+ int]lac$1 i4 e43 pass$ twice ?r\gh holes pi]c$ 9 ! bo>ds1 ! loose ends ( ! cords be+ !n wet ) pa/e & hamm]$ d[n flat to ! surface ( ! bo>ds4 ,! be/ t>-bo>ds %\ld be us$1 :i* are made ( old rope2 no bo>d made ( /raw is fit to be us$ on any book4 ,/raw bo>ds are an abom9ation--a *eap exp$i5t :i* co/s de>ly 9 ! end4 ,! b9d] %\ld use heavy bo>ds on ! l>g] & ?ick] volumes1 b ?9 ones on all duodecimos & small] sizes4 ,next1 ! books are subject$ to a second press+1 aft] :i* ! l9+ ( ! back is 9 ord]4 ,good ?ick br[n pap] is g5]ally us$ = ?is1 cut to ! l5g? ( ! book1 & is firmly glu$ to ! back1 & rubb$ d[n closely ) a bone fold]4 ,a clo? jo9t1 or piece ( l95 7t]m$ musl9 sup]17 is (t5 glu$ to ! back1 ) two n>r[ flaps to be pa/$ to ! bo>ds1 on ea* side1 ?us giv+ great] t5acity to ! cov]+4 ,if ! book is to be back$ s z to op5 freely1 t is1 to h a spr+ back or ela/ic back1 two ?icknesses ( a firm1 /rong pap]1 or ?9 c>d-bo>d are us$1 "o ?ickness ( ! pap] be+ glu$ to ! back ( ! book1 :ile ! o!r--op5 9 ! middle1 b fa/5$ at ! edges1 is to be glu$ to ! lea!r ( :i* ! back is to be made4 ,aft] ?is1 comes putt+ ! book 9 lea!r4 ,if full b\nd a piece ( lea!r cut full size ( ! volume1 ) ab\t half an in* ov]1 is firmly glu$ or pa/$ to ! bo>ds & ! back1 ! lea!r be+ turn$ ov] ! edges ( ! bo>ds1 & nicely glu$ on _! inside m>g94 ,x is ( great importance t ! edges ( ! lea!r %\ld be smoo?ly p>$ d[n ) a %>p knife1 s z to pres5t an ev5 edge :]e ! lea!r jo9s ! bo>ds1 n a protub]ance--:i* makes an ugly & clumsy piece ( "w1 in/ead ( a neat "o4 ,= half-b9d+1 a piece ( lea!r is tak5 l>ge en\gh to cov] ! back l5g?wise1 & turn 9 at ! head & tail1 :ile ! wid? %\ld be su* z to all[ f "o to "o & a half in*es ( ! lea!r to be firmly glu$ to ! bo>ds next ! back4 ,! f\r corn]s ( ! bo>ds are next to be lea!r$1 ! edges ( ! lea!r be+ c>efully p>$ d[n1 to give a smoo? surface1 ev5 ) ! bo>ds1 :5 turn$ 94 ,! lea!r is usually wet1 prep>atory to be+ manipulat$ ?us1 :i* r5d]s x m flexible & ductile ?an 9 its dry /ate4 ,! clo? or m>bl$ pap] is aft]w>ds pa/$ or glu$ to ! sides ( ! book1 & turn$ neatly ov] ! edge ( ! bo>ds4 ,x may be add$1 t ! edges ( ! bo>ds1 9 b9d+ nice books1 are sometimes gr\nd (f on a swiftly revolv+ em]y-:eel1 giv+ ! book a bevel$ edge1 :i* is reg>d$ z h&som] & m f9i%$ ?an a /raight rectangul> edge4 ,all ! processes hi!rto describ$ are call$ =w>d+ ! book3 we n[ come to :at is d5om9at$ f9i%+4 ,?is includes ! lett]+ ( ! title1 & ! embelli%+ ( ! back & sides1 ) or )\t gild+1 z ! case may be4 ,be=e ?is is tak5 9 h&1 ! lea!r ( ! book mu/ be p]fectly dry4 ,= ! lett]+1 copp]-fac$ types are us$ to set up ! desir$ sequ5ce ( lett]s & words1 & c>e & ta/e %\ld be ex]cis$ to h 7#a7 ,types nei!r too l>ge1 :i* pres5t a clumsy appe>ance1 nor too small1 :i* are difficult to read4 7#b7 ,prop] spac+ ( ! words & l9es1 & balanc+ ! compon5t p>ts ( ! lett]+ on ! back1 s z to pres5t a neat & h>moni\s effect to ! eye4 ,a ^w %\ld nev] be divid$ or hyph5at$ 9 lett]+1 :5 x c be avoid$4 ,9 ! case ( q ?9 volumes1 ! title may be lett]$ l5g?wise along ! back1 9 pla91 legible type1 in/ead ( 9 v small lett]s across ! back1 :i* are (t5 illegible4 ,! me?od ( apply+ gold lett]+ is z foll[s3 ! back ( ! book :]e ! title is to g1 is fir/ moi/5$ ) a /icky sub/ance1 z album5 or glaire1 h]et(ore m5tion$1 laid on ) a camel's hair bru%4 ,! type 7or ! die z ! case may be7 is heat$ 9 a b9d]'s *>coal furnace1 or gas /ove1 to insure ! adhesion ( ! gold leaf4 ,! ?9 gold leaf 7:i* comes pack$ 9 little squ>e books1 "o %eet betwe5 e two leaves7 is !n cut ! prop] size by ! broad ?9 knife ( ! f9i%]1 & c>efully laid ov] ! siz$ spot to receive ! lett]+4 ,usually1 two ?icknesses ( gold leaf are laid "o above ano!r1 :i* ensures a bright] & m decid$ effect 9 ! lett]+4 ,! type metal or die is !n press$ firmly & ev5ly d[n ^u ! gold-leaf1 & ! surplus %av+s ( ! gold c>efully bru%$ (f & husb&$1 = ?is leaf is wor? money4 ,! gold leaf g5]ally 9 use co/s ab\t #f4ej = #ejj little squ>es or %eets4 ,x is almo/ inconceivably ?91 ! ?ickness ( "o gold leaf be+ e/imat$ at ab\t #a_/bhjjjj ( an in*4 ,besides ! lett]+1 _m books receive gold ornam5tation on ! back or side ( a m or less elaborate "*4 ,designs ( great arti/ic beauty1 & 9 c\ntless v>iety1 h be5 devis$ = book ornam5ts1 & ,fr5* & ,engli% book-b9d]s h vi$ ) ea* o!r = g5]ations 9 ! production ( decorative bord]s1 fillets1 c5tre-pieces1 rolls1 & ! mo/ exquisite gold-tool+1 ( :i* ! art is capable4 ,^! v>i$ patt]ns ( book ornam5tation are cut 9 brass or /eel1 & appli$ by ! emboss+ press ) a rapidity f> exce$+ t ( ! h&-"w =m]ly execut$ by ! gild]s ( books4 ,b = *oice books & select jobs1 only ! h&s are employ$1 ) su* fillets1 /amps1 pallets1 rolls1 & poli%+ irons z may aid 9 ! nice execution ( ! "w4 ,if a book is to be b\nd 9 :at is call$ morocco antique1 x is to be bl9d-tool$1 i4 e43 ! hot iron :eels :i* impress ! fillets or rolls1 are to be work$ 9 blank1 or )\t gold-leaf ornam5tation4 ,?is is a ri* & ta/eful b9d+1 especially ) c>efully bevel$ bo>ds1 & gild$ edges4 ,on "s books1 money has be5 lavi%$ on ! b9d+ to an am\nt exce$+ by _m fold ! co/ ( ! book itself4 ,elegant book-b9d+ has come to be reckon$ z a f9e art1 & :y %\ld n ! art pres]vative ( all o!r arts--pr9t+--be pres]v$ 9 p]man5t & sumptu\s1 if n spl5did /yle1 9 its environm5t8 ,specim5s ( ,fr5* arti/ic b9d+ f ! libr>y ( ,groli]1 t celebrat$ & munific5t patron ( art1 :o di$ 9 #aefe1 h pass$ ?r\gh ! h&s ( _m eag] connoisseurs1 always at advanc+ prices4 ,! ,groli] b9d+ 0 notable = ! elegant f9i% ( its int]lac$ ornam5ts 9 gold-leaf1 a delicacy ( t\*1 & an inimitable fl[+ grace1 :i* mod]n b9d]s h /ruggl$ aft] 9 va94 ,at ! ,beck=d ,libr>y sale 9 ,london1 9 #ahhd1 !re 0 a great array ( f9e ,fr5* b9d+s ( e>ly date4 ,a book f ,groli]'s libr>y1 ! ,toison d',or1 #aefc1 br\ght #dje1 or ov] #b1jjj1 & a ,heptam]on1 :i* _h belong$ to ,l\is ,,xiv1 9 beautiful br[n morocco1 ) cr[n1 fleur-de-lys1 a /ag1 a cock1 & />s1 z ornam5ts1 all exquisitely work$ 9 gold1 l9$ ) vellum1 0 sold = #djj4 ,foll[+ ! ,groli] patt]ns1 came ano!r highly decorative /yle1 by ! ,fr5* b9d]s1 :i* 0 notable = ! v delicate gold tool+1 cov]+ ! :ole sides ( ! book ) exquisite scroll-"w1 & bran*es ( laurel4 ,! mo/ celebrat$ ( ,engli% book-b9d]s 0 ,rog] ,payne1 :o 0 notable = ! c>eful labor be/[$ on ! =w>d+ & f9i%+ ( 8 books1 specim5s ( :i* are /ill reckon$ among ! *efs-d'oeuvre ( ! art4 ,8 favorite /yle 0 a r\ghly-gra9$ r$ morocco1 always full-b\nd1 & he kept 9 view :at _m b9d]s =get1 t ! lea!r is ! ma9 ?+ 9 a f9ely execut$ b9d+1 n to be ov]laid by too mu* gild+ & decoration4 ,he *>g$ twelve gu9eas ea* 7ov] #fj7 = b9d+ "s small volumes 9 8 be/ /yle4 ,payne's mo/ notable successors h be5 ,lewis1 ,hayday1 ,b$=d1 & ,zaehnsdorf1 ! latt] ( :om is ! au?or ( a treatise on book-b9d+4 ,at ! art exhibition ( #ahfb1 a book b\nd by ,b$=d 0 exhibit$1 :i* took two mon?s m]ely to f9i%1 & ! b9d+ co/ =ty gu9eas2 & a ,dor's ,dante1 exquisitely b\nd by ,zaehnsdorf1 9 ,groli] /yle1 co/ "o hundr$ gu9eas4 ,a decorative treatm5t n yet m5tion$ is appli$ to ! cov]s ( "s books1 :i* are b\nd 9 elegant full calf4 ,to give to ?is lea!r ! elegant f9i% kn[n z tree-calf b9d+1 x is fir/ wa%$ ) glaire or album54 ,! bo>ds ( ! book are !n b5t to a convex %ape1 & wat] spr9kl$ ov]1 until x runs d[n f ! c5tre 9 _m little bran*es or rivulets4 ,:ile runn+1 a solution ( copp]as is spr9kl$ on1 & c>ri$ along ! bran*es :i* radiate f ! c5tral trunk1 produc+ ! d>k-mottl$ color$ effect :i* resembles1 m or less ne>ly1 a tree ) its spread+ bran*es4 ,to make ! book beautiful %\ld be ! unit$ aim ( all :o are conc]n$ 9 its manufacture--! pap]-mak]1 ! pr9t]1 & ! book-b9d]4 ,:ile utility comes fir/ 9 ! art ( book-mak+ = libr>ies1 yet neatness & ev5 elegance %\ld always be unit$ ) x4 ,an ill-=w>d$ book1 or a badly f9i%$ "o1 pres5ts a clumsy1 unattractive look to ! eye2 :ile an ev5ly made piece ( "w1 & a c>eful & ta/eful ornam5tation 9 ! gild+1 attract e disc]n+ read] by _! beauty4 ,"o writ] ^u book-b9d+ t]ms ! =w>d] ( ! book an artizan1 & ! f9i%] an arti/2 b bo? %\ld h ! true arti/'s ta/e1 9 ord] to produce ! "w t %all comm5d itself by intr9sic excell5ce4 ,! =m & %ape ( ! book dep5d :olly1 inde$1 on ! =w>d]4 ,we are told t ! great beauty ( ! ,groli] b9d+s lay 9 ! lavi% & ta/eful adornm5t ( ! sides4 ,9 fact1 mu* dep5ds ^u ! design1 9 e piece ( decorative "w4 ,! pretty scroll patt]ns1 ! int]lac$ figures1 ! delicate trac]y1 ! circles1 rosettes1 & />s1 ! lovely arabesques1 ! fl[]s & leaves borr[$ f ! floral k+dom1 ! geometric l9es1 ! embroid]$ bord]s1 l f9e lace-"w1--all ^! l5d _! sep>ate individual *>ms to ! f9i% ( ! v>i$ specim5s ( ! b9d]'s art4 ,!re are "s books t look z brilliant z jewels 9 _! ri*1 lu/r\s adornm5t1 ! design sometimes p[d]$ ) gold po9ts & />s4 ,"s gems ( art are l9$ ) ri* color$ lea!r 9 ! inside cov]s1 :i* are /amp$ & figur$ 9 gold4 ,?is is t]m$ d\bl by ! ,fr5*4 ,"s h _! edges gild$ ov] m>bl+1 a ref9em5t ( beauty :i* adds ri*ness to ! "w1 ! m>ble design %[+ ?r\gh ! brilliant gold1 :5 ! edge is turn$4 ,o!rs h pictorial designs drawn on ! edges1 :i* are !n gild$ ov] ! pictures4 ,?is complex /yle ( gild+1 ! ,fr5* t]m gaufr4 ,x 0 =m]ly mu* 9 vogue1 b is latt]ly out ( fa%ion4 ,_m gems ( b9d+ are adorn$ ) fly-leaves ( moire silk1 or ri* color$ sat94 ,color1 int]sp]s$ ) gold 9 ! f9i% ( a book cov]+1 height5s ! effect4 ,! morocco ( ! side-cov] is sometimes cut1 & inlaid ) lea!r ( a diff]5t color4 ,inlay+ ) morocco or kid is ! ri*e/ /yle ( decoration :i* ! art has yet rea*$4 ,beautiful b9d+s h be5 9 great] reque/ dur+ ! pa/ tw5ty ye>s ?an ev] be=e4 ,!re 0 a r5aissance ( ! anci5t /yles ( decoration 9 ,france1 & ! *oice ,groli] & ,maioli patt]ns 7 reviv$ ) ! g5]al applause ( ! lov]s ( f9e books4 ,9 vivid contra/ to ^! lovely specim5s ( ! b9d]'s art1 are f\nd innum]able bibliopegic horrors1 on ! %elves ( c\ntless libr>ies1 public & private4 ,among ^! are to be reckon$ mo/ law books1 clad 9 t dead monotony ( ugl9ess1 :i* ,*>les ,dick5s has describ$ z t "u-done pie-cru/ cov]1 :i* is te*nically kn[n z law calf4 ,!re are o!r unc\? & un:olesome specim5s ev]y:]e abroad1 :om ,satan ha? b\nd1 to borr[ ,mr4 ,h5ry ,/ev5s's witty application ( a well-kn[n ,scripture text4 ,su* repellant b9d+s are only fit to s]ve z models to be avoid$ by ! libr>ian4 ,! b9d+ t is execut$ by ma*9]y is sometimes call$ comm]cial b9d+4 ,x is also kn[n z edition b9d+1 because ! :ole edition ( a book is b\nd 9 uni=m /yle ( cov]4 ,:ile ! mod]n figur$ clo? b9d+ orig9at$ 9 ,engl&1 x has _h its fulle/ developm5t 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,"h1 ^? +5i\s & p[]ful ma*9es :i* execute e bran* ( ! fold+ & =w>d+ ( a book1 & ev5 ! f9i%+ ( ! cov]s1 ) almo/ lightn+ spe$1 7 mo/ly inv5t$ & appli$4 ,v vivid is ! contra/ betwe5 ! quiet1 humdrum air ( ! old-fa%ion$ b9d]y h&-"w1 & ! ceaseless clang & ro> ( ! ma*9]y :i* turns out ?\s&s ( volumes 9 a day4 ,n z ours ! books ( old1 ,?+s t /eam c /amp & fold4 ,i believe t ,i fail$ to notice1 among ! v>ieties ( mat]ial = book-b9d+s h]et(ore enum]at$1 "s ( ! r>] & m s+ul> /yles4 ,?us1 books h be5 b\nd 9 enamel1 7ri*ly v>iegat$ 9 color7 9 ,p]sian silk1 9 seal-sk91 9 ! sk9 ( ! rabbit1 :ite-be>1 crocodile1 cat1 dog1 mole1 tig]1 ott]1 buffalo1 wolf1 & ev5 rattle-snake4 ,a favorite mod]n lea!r = purses & sat*els1 alligator-sk91 has be5 also appli$ to ! clo?+ ( books4 ,_m ecc5tric fancies h be5 exemplifi$ 9 book-b9d+1 b ! acme ( gruesome oddity has be5 rea*$ by b9d+ books 9 human sk91 ( :i* _m examples are on record4 ,x is p]haps ?ree c5turies old1 b ! fir/ consid]able in/ance ( its use grew out ( ! horrors ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,9 ,engl&1 ! ,bri/ol law libr>y has sev]al volumes b\nd 9 ! sk9 ( local crim9als1 flay$ aft] execution1 & specially tann$ = ! purpose4 ,x is describ$ z r d>k] ?an vellum4 ,a ,russian poet is said to h b\nd 8 sonnets 9 human lea!r--8 own sk9--tak5 f a brok5 ?igh--& ! book he pres5t$ to ! lady ( 8 affections6 ,su* gh\li% incid5ts z ^! af=d curi\s ?\gh repulsive glimpses ( ! endless vag>ies ( human nature4 ,x is said t ! inv5tion ( half-b9d+ orig9at$ among ! economi/s ( ,g]many2 & "s weal?y bibliophiles h /igmatiz$ ?is /yle ( dress+ books z g5teel pov]ty4 ,b its utility & economy h be5 demon/rat$ too long to admit ( any d\bt t half-b9d+ has come to /ay2 :ile1 z we h se51 x is also capable ( attractive ae/hetic features4 ,mr4 ,william ,mat!ws1 p]haps ! =emo/ ( ,am]ican b9d]s1 said t a book :5 neatly =w>d$1 & cleanly cov]$1 is 9 a v satisfactory condition )\t any f9i%+ or decorat+4 ,x 0 ?is same b9d] :o exhibit$ at ! ,new ,york ,_w's ,fair ,exhibition ( #ahec1 a copy ( ,ow5 ,jones's ,alhambra1 b\nd by him 9 full ,russia1 inlaid ) blue & r$ morocco1 ) gold tool+ all execut$ by h&1 tak+ six mon?s to complete1 & co/+ ! b9d] no less ?an five hundr$ doll>s4 ,book lett]+1 or /amp+ ! prop] title on ! back ( ! book1 is a matt] ( ! fir/ importance4 ,z ! titles ( mo/ books are mu* too long to g on ! back1 a c>eful selection ( ! mo/ di/9ctive words becomes necess>y4 ,"h ! ta/e & judgm5t ( ! libr>ian come indisp5sably into play4 ,to select ! lett]+ ( a book %\ld nev] be left to ! b9d]1 because x is n 8 bus9ess1 & because1 9 mo/ cases1 he w make a mi/ake some:]e 9 ! matt]4 ,f want ( c>e on ?is po9t1 _m libr>ies are fill$ ) wrongly lett]$ books1 mislead+ titles1 & blund]s z ludicr\s z !y are di/ress+4 ,i h _h to h ?\s&s ( volumes 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress re-lett]$4 ,a copy ( ,"l ,bacon's ,sylva ,sylv>um1 = example1 0 lett]$ ,v]lum's ,sylva--because ! sapi5t b9d] read on ! title-page ,by ,b>on ,v]ulam1 & x 0 n 8 bus9ess to f9d out t ?is 0 ! title ( honor :i* ,bacon bore2 s1 by a comp\nd blund]1 he conv]t$ ,v]ulam into ,v]lum1 & gave ! book to an unkn[n writ]4 ,?is is p]haps an extreme case1 b y w f9d _m to mat* x4 ,ano!r folio1 ,ro*e=t's ,hi/ory ( ! ,c>ibby ,isl&s1 0 lett]$ ,davies' ,c>riby ,isl&s1 because ! title bore ! /atem5t ,r5d]$ into ,engli% by ,john ,davies4 ,9 ano!r libr>y1 ! great "w ( ! naturali/1 ,buffon1 0 actually lett]$ ,buffoon's ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,nei!r ( ^! blund]s 0 z bad z t ( ! own] ( an elegant black-lett] edition ( a ,lat9 classic1 :i* 0 pr9t$ )\t title-page1 l mo/ fifte5? c5tury books1 & began at ! top ( ! fir/ leaf1 9 l>ge lett]s--,,hoc ,,incipit1 signify+ ,?is beg9s1 foll[$ by ! title or subject ( ! book4 ,! wiseacre :o own$ x _h ! book ri*ly b\nd1 & direct$ x to be lett]$ on ! back--,works ( ,hoc ,incipit1 ,rome1 #adij4 ,?is is a true /ory1 & ! h]o ( x might p]haps1 on ! /r5g? ( own+ s _m le>n$ works1 h pass$ = a philosoph]1 if he _h n tak5 ! pa9s to adv]tise himself z a blockhead4 ,"s ( ! commone/ blund]s are /amp+ on ! back ! translator's or ! editor's "n1 in/ead ( t ( ! au?or ( ! book2 putt+ on adjectives in/ead ( sub/antives = titles2 mod]niz+ anci5t & *>act]i/ic spell+1 f\nd 9 ! title1 7! exact or?ography ( :i* %\ld always be foll[$72 mix+ up ! numb] & ! case ( ,lat9 titles1 & ^? 9 o!r =eign languages2 leav+ (f entirely ! "n ( ! writ]2 & lett]+ p]iodicals by putt+ on ! volume )\t ! ye>1 or ! ye>1 )\t ! numb] ( ! volume4 ,no "o b an idiot1 said ,mr4 ,c4 ,wal=d to ! ,london ,libr>ians' ,conf]5ce1 w\ld s5d 8 books to ! b9d]1 )\t indicat+ ! lett]+ he desires on ! backs4 ,! only safe-gu>d is = ! libr>ian or own] to prescribe on a writt5 slip 9 ea* volume1 a title = e book1 be=e x goes to ! b9d]1 :o w be only too glad to h 8 own "t sav$--s9ce "t is money to him4 ,i w\ld n und]rate ! book-b9d]s1 :o are a mo/ wor?y & intellig5t class1 numb]+ 9 _! ranks m5 :o are s*ol>s z well z arti/s2 b !y are conc]n$ *iefly ) ! me*anics & n ) ! metaphysics ( _! art1 & moreov]1 !y are n b\nd by t rigid rule :i* %\ld gov]n ! libr>ian--namely--to h no ignoramus ab\t ! premises4 ,9 writ+ lett]+s 7= ,i take x t no "o w\ld be guilty ( defac+ 8 title-pages by m>k+ !m up ) directions to ! b9d]7 y %\ld def9itely write out ! p>ts ( ! title z !y are to run on ! back ( ! book1 spac$ l9e ^u l9e1 & n run toge!r4 ,i ?9k t ! "n ( ! au?or %\ld always /& fir/ at ! head ( ! lett]+1 because x af=ds ! quicke/ guide to ! eye 9 f9d+ any book1 z well z 9 replac+ x ^u ! %elves4 ,especially useful & "t-sav+ is ?is1 :]e classes ( books are arrang$ 9 alphabetical sequ5ce4 ,is n ! "n ( ! au?or commonly upp]mo/ 9 ! m9d ( ! se>*]8 ,!n1 let x be upp]mo/ on ! book s\ght also4 ,foll[ ! "n ( ! au?or by ! briefe/ possible words select$ f ! title :i* w suffice to *>act]ize ! subject ( ! "w4 ,?us1 ! title--,on ! ,orig9 ( ,species by means ( ,natural ,selection1 by ,*>les ,d>w91 %\ld be abbreviat$ into ,d>w9 -------- ,orig9 ( ,species4 ,"h are no sup]flu\s words1 to consume ! b9d]'s "t & gold-leaf1 & to be *>g$ 9 ! bill2 or to consume ! "t ( ! book-se>*]1 9 /opp+ to read a lot ( surplusage on ! back ( ! book1 be=e seiz+ x = imm$iate use4 ,books 9 sev]al volumes %\ld h ! numb] ( ea* volume pla9ly m>k$ 9 ,arabic 7n ,roman7 num]als on ! back4 ,! old-fa%ion$ me?od ( express+ num]als by lett]s1 in/ead ( figures1 is too cumbr\s & "t-consum+ to be tol]at$4 ,y want to lett]1 we w say1 vol4 #hh ( ,blackwood's ,magaz9e4 ,if y foll[ ! title-page ( t book1 z pr9t$1 y h to write ,volume ,,lxxxviii1 eight lett]s1 = ! numb] ( ! volume1 in/ead ( two simple figures--?us--#hh4 ,n[ c any "o give a valid reason = ! awkw>d & t$i\s me?od ( notation exhibit$ 9 ! ,roman num]als8 ,if x 7 only ! lo/ "t ( ! p]son :o writes x1 or ! b9d]'s f9i%] :o lett]s x1 x w\ld be comp>atively insignificant4 ,b ?9k ( ! "t wa/$ by ! :ole _w ( read]s1 :o mu/ g ?r\gh a m or less tr\blesome process ( notation be=e !y get a cle> notion ( :at all ?is sup]flu\s /uff /&s = in/ead ( ! quick intuition ) :i* !y take 9 ! ,arabic figures2 & :o mu/ moreov]1 by ! antiquat$ me?od1 take valuable "t to write out ,,lxxxviii1 eight figures in/ead ( two1 to say no?+ ( ! add$ liability to error1 :i* increases 9 ! exact ratio ( ! numb] ( figures to be writt54 ,:i* ( ^! two =ms ( expression is m quickly writt51 or /amp$1 or read8 ,by :i* me?od ( notation w ! libr>y mess5g] boys or girls soone/ f9d ! book8 ,?is leads me to say :at _c be too /rongly insi/$ ^u2 all libr>y me?ods %\ld be "t-sav+ me?ods1 & s devis$ = ! b5efit alike ( ! libr>ian1 ! assi/ants1 & ! read]s4 ,until "o has le>n$ ! supreme value ( mom5ts1 he w n be fit = a libr>ian4 ,! same me?od by ,arabic num]als only1 %\ld be us$ 9 all ref]5ces to books2 & x w\ld be well if ! legal fa%ion ( cit+ au?orities by volume & page1 n[ adopt$ 9 mo/ law books1 7 ext5d$ to all lit]ature--?us3 #c ,macaulay's ,engl&1 #dha4 ,n4 ,y4 #ahed1 in/ead ( ,macaulay's ,engl&1 ,n4 ,y4 ed4 #ahed4 vol4 #c1 page #dha4 ,x is a matt] ( congratulation to all libr>ians1 z well z to ! read+ public1 t ,poole's ,indexes to ,p]iodical ,lit]ature h wisely adopt$ ,arabic figures only1 bo? = volume & page4 ,! valuable "t ?us sav$ to all is q incalculable4 ,e book :i* is lea!r-b\nd has its back divid$ (f into panels or sections1 by ! b& across ! back or by ! gold or pla9 fillet or roll =m+ "p ( ! f9i% ( ! book4 ,^! panels are usually five or six 9 numb]1 ! =m] be+ ! m common4 ,n[ x is ! libr>ian's function to prescribe 9 :i* ( ^! panels ! lett]+ ( ! book--especially :]e !re is d\ble lett]+--%all g4 ,?us ,,c\s9 ---- ,,new #bnd ,,hi/ory #d? ,,wight ,end ,,york1 panel ,,( panel #aheb4 ,,mod]n ,,philosophy4 ,_m books1 especially dramatic works1 & ! collect$ works ( au?ors require ! cont5ts ( ! v>i\s volumes to be brief$ on ! back4 ,"h is a ,%akespe>e1 = example1 9 #aj volumes1 or a ,swift 9 #ai1 or ,c>lyle 9 #cc1 & y want to f9d ,k+ ,le>1 or ,gulliv]'s ,travels1 or ,h]oes & ,h]o ,wor%ip4 ,! o!r volumes conc]n y n--b y want ! %orte/ road to ^!4 ,if ! "n ( ea* play is brief$ by ! fir/ ^w ^u ! diff]5t volumes ( y\r ,%akespe>e1 or ! cont5ts ( ea* volume ^u ! ,swift & ! ,c>lyle1--z !y %\ld be--y f9d in/antly :at y want1 ) "o glance ( ! eye along ! backs4 ,if put to ! tr\ble ( op5+ e volume to f9d ! cont5ts1 or ( hunt+ x 9 ! index1 or ! libr>y catalogue1 y lose preci\s "t1 :ile read]s wait1 ?us mak+ ! ne$less delay cumulative1 & z x mu/ be (t5 repeat$1 indef9ite4 ,ea* volume %\ld h its date & place ( publication pla9ly lett]$ at ! l[] end1 or :at b9d]s t]m ! tail ( ! book4 ,?is (t5 saves "t1 z y may n want an edition ( old date1 or vice v]sa1 :ile ! place & date enable read]s' tickets to be fill$ out quickly )\t ! book4 ,! "n ( ! libr>y might well be lett]$ also on ! back1 be+ m obvi\s z a p]man5t means ( id5tification ?an ! book-plate or inside /amp4 ,books %\ld nev] be us$ :5 fre% f ! b9d]'s h&s4 ,! cov]s are !n always damp1 & w>p on exposure to air & heat4 ,unless press$ firmly 9 %elves1 or 9 piles1 = at lea/ two weeks1 !y may become incurably w>p$ out ( %ape4 ,_m an o!rwise h&somely b\nd book is ru9$ by neglect ( ?is caution1 = once ?or\ghly dri$ 9 its w>p$ condition1 !re is no rem$y save ! co/ly "o ( reb9d+4 ,books are frequ5tly lett]$ s c>elessly t ! titles in/ead ( align+1 or be+ 9 /raight horizontal l9es1 run obliquely upw>d or d[nw>d1 ?us defac+ ! volume4 ,errors 9 spell+ words are also liable to occur4 ,all crook$ lett]+ & all mi/akes 9 spell+ %\ld at once be reject$1 & ! faulty books return$ to ! b9d]1 to be correct$ at 8 own exp5se4 ,?is sev]e revision ( all books :5 newly b\nd1 be=e !y are plac$ ^u ! %elves1 %\ld be done by ! libr>ian's or own]'s own eye--n entru/$ to subord9ates1 unless to "o ?or\ghly skill$4 ,"o %\ld nev] receive back books f a b9d] )\t collat+ !m1 to see if all are p]fect z to pages1 & if all plates or maps are 9 place4 ,if defici5cies are f\nd1 ! b9d]1 & n ! libr>y is responsible1 provid$ ! book 0 kn[n to be p]fect :5 s5t = b9d+4 ,9 ! ,congressional ,libr>y ,i _h ! p]iodicals :i* are analyz$ 9 ,poole's ,index ( ,p]iodical ,lit]ature ?or\ghly comp>$ & re-lett]$1 :]ev] necess>y1 to make ! s]ies ( volumes correspond ) ! ref]5ces 9 t invaluable & labor-sav+ index4 ,= in/ance1 ! ,eclectic ,review1 z publi%$ 9 ,london1 _h eight di/9ct & successive s]ies 7?us confus+ ref]5ce by mak+ eight diff]5t volumes call$ #a1 #b1 #c1 etc47 ea* ) a diff]5t numb]+1 ,fir/ s]ies1 #b;d s]ies1 etc41 :i* ,poole's ,index v prop]ly consolidat$ into "o1 = conv5i5t ref]5ce4 ,by add+ ! figures z s*$ul$ 9 t "w--prefix$ by ! words ,poole's ,index ,no4 ---- or simply ,poole1 9 small lett]s1 foll[$ by ! figure ( ! volume z giv5 9 t index1 y w f9d a sav+ ( "t 9 hunt+ & supply+ ref]5ces t is almo/ incalculable4 ,if y _c af=d to h ?is re-numb]+ done by a b9d] 9 gilt lett]s1 x w _m times repay ! co/ & "t ( do+ x on ?9 manila pap] titles1 writt5 or pr9t$ by a numb]+ ma*9e & pa/$ on ! backs ( ! volumes4 ,9 all p]iodicals1--magaz9es & s]ials ( e k9d1--! cov]s & _! adv]tisem5ts %\ld be b\nd 9 _! prop] place1 ) ea* mon? or numb] ( ! p]iodical1 ?\gh x may int]rupt ! cont9uity ( ! pag+4 ,?us w be pres]v$ valuable contempor>y records respect+ prices1 bibliographical in=mation1 etc41 :i* %\ld nev] be de/roy$1 z x is illu/rative ( ! life & hi/ory ( ! p]iod4 ,! cov]s ( ! magaz9es1 too1 frequ5tly conta9 ! table ( cont5ts ( ! numb]1 :i* ( c\rse mu/ be prefix$ to x1 9 ord] to be ( any use4 ,if adv]tis+ pages are v num]\s & bulky1 7z 9 _m popul> p]iodicals ( late ye>s7 !y may well be b\nd at ! end ( ! volume1 or1 if s _m z to make ! volume excessively ?ick1 !y might be b\nd 9 a supplem5t>y volume4 ,9 all books1 half-titles or ba/>d titles1 z !y are call$1 %\ld be b\nd 91 z !y are a "p ( ! book4 ,) ea* lot ( books to be b\nd1 !re %\ld always be s5t a sample volume ( good "w z a patt]n1 t ! b9d] may h no excuse = ha/y or inf]ior workman%ip4 ,! ,groli] ,club 0 f\nd$ 9 ,new ,york 9 #ahhd1 hav+ = its objects to promote ! lit]>y /udy & progress ( ! arts p]ta9+ to ! production ( books4 ,x has publi%$ m ?an tw5ty books 9 sumptu\s /yle1 & mo/ly 9 qu>to =m1 ! editions be+ limit$ to #aej copies at fir/1 s9ce increas$ to #cjj1 "u ! rapidly enl>g+ memb]%ip ( ! ,club4 ,mo/ ( ^! books relate to f9e b9d+1 f9e pr9t+1 or f9e illu/ration ( books1 or are int5d$ to exemplify !m1 & by _! means1 by lectures1 & exhibitions ( f9e book-"w1 ?is society has contribut$ mu* t[>d ! diffusion ( correct ta/e4 ,m c>e has be5 be/[$ ^u f9e b9d+ 9 ,new ,york ?an 9 ,london itself4 ,9 fact1 elegant book-b9d+ is com+ to be recogniz$ z "o ( ! =emo/ ( ! decorative arts4 ,! art ( design+ book-cov]s & patt]ns = gild+ books has engag$ ! tal5ts ( _m arti/s1 among :om may be nam$ ,edw9 ,a4 ,abbey1 ,h[>d ,pyle1 ,/an=d ,:ite1 & ,elihu ,v$d]4 ,nor h skilful designs be5 want+ among wom51 z witness ,mrs4 ,:itman's elegant tea-leaf bord] = ! cov] ( ,dr4 ,o4 ,w4 ,holmes's ,ov] ! ,tea-cups1 & ,miss ,alice ,morse's arabesques & m$allions = ,lafcadio ,he>n's ,two ,ye>s 9 ! ,fr5* ,we/ ,indies4 ,miss ,may ,morris design$ _m ta/eful lett]s = ! f9e b9d+s execut$ by ,mr4 ,cobd5-,s&]son ( ,london1 & ,kate ,gre5away's _m exquisite little books = little p h become widely kn[n = _! qua9t & curi\s cov] designs4 ,a new field ?us op5s = skill$ cultivators ( ! beautiful :o h an eye = ! art ( draw+4 ,mr4 ,william ,mat!ws1 ! accompli%$ ,new ,york b9d]1 9 an address be=e ! ,groli] ,club 9 #ahie1 said3 ,i h be5 a/oni%$ t s few wom5--9 ,am]ica1 ,i "k none--are enc\rag]s ( ! art2 !y c]ta9ly c\ld n be/[ _! ta/e on any?+ t w\ld d !m m cr$it1 or z a /udy1 give !m m satisfaction4 ,x is b fair to add t s9ce ?is judgm5t 0 put =?1 its impli$ reproa* is no long] applicable3 a numb] ( ,am]ican wom5 h int]e/$ !mselves 9 ! /udy ( b9d+ z a f9e art2 & "s few 9 practical "w z b9d]s ( books4 ,!re is no "q t read]s take a great] int]e/ 9 books t are neatly & attractively b\nd1 ?an 9 volumes dress$ 9 a mean g>b4 ,no book own] or libr>ian ) any k ( ! incurable defects ( calf1 %eep1 or roan lea!r1 if he has any reg>d = ! usefulness or ! economies ( 8 libr>y1 w use !m 9 b9d+ books t are to possess p]man5t value 9 p]sonal or public use4 ,true economy lies 9 employ+ ! be/ description ( b9d+ 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,:5 x is consid]$ t ! purpos$ object ( book-b9d+ is to pres]ve 9 a %ape at once attractive & p]man5t1 ! be/ & noble/ ?\ghts ( man1 x rises to a high rank among ! arts4 ,side by side ) pr9t+1 x /rives aft] t p]fection :i* %all ensure ! p]petuity ( human ?\ght4 ,?us a book1 clo!d 9 morocco1 is n a m]e piece ( me*anism1 b a vehicle 9 :i* ! intellectual life ( writ]s no long] on e>? is transmitt$ f age to age4 ,& x is ! art ( book-b9d+ :i* r5d]s libr>ies possible4 ,:at ! au?or1 ! pr9t]1 & ! b9d] create1 ! libr>y takes *>ge ( & pres]ves4 ,x is ?us t ! mat]ial & ! practical l9k !mselves indissolubly ) ! ideal4 ,& ! ideal ( e true libr>ian %\ld be s to c>e = ! embodim5ts ( intellig5ce entru/$ to 8 gu>dian%ip1 t !y may become 9 ! highe/ degree useful to mank9d4 ,9 ?is s5se1 ! c>e be/[$ ^u ?or\gh & endur+ b9d+ c h>dly be ov]rat$1 s9ce ! life ( ! book dep5ds ^u x4 ,,*apt] #d4 ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,! ,,%elves3 ,,book ,,plates1 ,,etc4 ,:5 any lot ( books is acquir$1 :e!r by pur*ase f book-deal]s or f auction1 or by pres5tation1 ! fir/ /ep to be tak51 aft] see+ t !y agree ) ! bill1 & h be5 collat$1 9 accordance ) me?ods else:]e giv51 %\ld be to /amp & label ea* volume1 z ! prop]ty ( ! libr>y4 ,^! two processes are q di/9ct1 & may be p]=m$ by "o or two p]sons1 accord+ to conv5i5ce1 or to ! libr>y =ce employ$4 ,! /amp may be ! ord9>y rubb] "o1 ink$ by /rik+ on a pad1 & ink ( any color may be us$1 al?\gh black or blue ink has ! neate/ appe>ance4 ,! /amp %\ld be> ! "n ( ! libr>y1 9 cle>1 legible1 pla9 type1 ) ye> ( acquisition ( ! book 9 ! c5tre1 foll[$ by ! mon? & day if desir$4 ,a m p]man5t k9d ( /amp is ! emboss+ /amp1 :i* is a /eel die1 ! lett]s cut 9 relief1 b x is v exp5sive & sl[1 requir+ ! leaf to be ins]t$ betwe5 ! two p>ts ( ! /amp1 ?\gh ! impression1 once made1 is practically indelible4 ,! size ( ! /amp 7:i* is pref]ably oval 9 %ape7 %\ld n exce$ #a to #a in*es 9 diamet]1 z a l>ge1 co>se /amp nev] pres5ts a neat appe>ance on a book4 ,inde$1 _m books are too small to admit any b a /amp ( v mod]ate dim5sions4 ,! books %\ld be /amp$ on ! v]so 7rev]se7 ( ! title page1 or if pref]r$1 on ! wide/ unpr9t$ portion ( ! title-page1 pref]ably on ! "r h& ( ! c5tre1 or j bel[ ! c5tre on ! "r4 ,?is1 because its impression is f> m legible on ! pla9 :ite surface ?an on any "p ( ! pr9t$ title4 ,9 a circulat+ libr>y1 ! /amps %\ld be impress$ on "o or m pages 9 ! body ( ! book1 z well z on ! la/ page1 z a means ( id5tification if ! book is /ol5 or o!rwise lo/2 z x is v easy to erase ! impression ( a rubb] /amp f ! title-page1 & !reby commit a fraud by appropriat+ or sell+ ! book4 ,9 su* a case1 ! duplicate or triplicate impression ( ! /amp on "s subsequ5t page 7say page #e or #af1 _m books hav+ b few pages7 z fix$ ^u by ! libr>ian1 is q likely to escape notice ( ! ?ief1 :ile x rema9s a safe-gu>d1 enabl+ ! libr>ian to reclaim ! book1 :]ev] f\nd4 ,! law w en=ce ?is "r ( free reclamation 9 favor ( a public libr>y1 9 ! case ( /ol5 books1 no matt] 9 :at h&s f\nd1 & ev5 ?\gh ! la/ hold] may be an innoc5t pur*as]4 ,all libr>ies are victimiz$ at "s "t by unscrupul\s or di%one/ read]s1 :o w appropriate books1 ?9k+ !mselves safe f detection1 & sometimes eas+ _! consci5ces1 7if !y h any7 by ! plea t ! book is 9 a measure public prop]ty4 ,9 ^! cases1 !re is no absolute safe-gu>d1 z x is easy to c>ry (f a book "u "o's coat1 & ! libr>ian & 8 few aids are f> too busy to act z detectives 9 wat*+ read]s4 ,/ill1 a vigilant libr>ian w almo/ always f9d out1 by "s suspici\s circum/ance--su* z ! hid+ ( books away1 or a c]ta9 furtive action obs]v$ 9 a read]--:o are ! p]sons t %\ld be wat*$1 & :5 x is advisable to call 9 ! policeman4 ,! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y1 :i* has no circulation or book l5d+1 en=ces a rule t no "o mak+ 8 exit c h a book ) him1 unless *eck$ z 8 own prop]ty1 all ov]coats & o!r wraps be+ ( c\rse *eck$ at ! door4 ,x is a melan*oly fact1 duly record$ 9 a ,massa*usetts pap]1 t no less ?an two hundr$ & fifty volumes1 duly label$ & /amp$ z public libr>y books1 7 /ol5 f a s+le libr>y 9 a s+le ye>1 & sold to second-h& booksell]s4 ,! impression ( ! /amp 9 ! middle ( a c]ta9 page1 kn[n to ! libr>ian1 r5d]s x less liable to detection by o!rs1 :ile if /amp$ on ! l[] unpr9t$ m>g91 x might be cut out by a design+ p]son4 ,next to ! /amp+1 comes ! label+ ( ! books to be add$ to ! libr>y4 ,?is is a me*anical process1 & yet "o ( mu* importance4 ,^u its be+ done neatly & prop]ly1 dep5ds ! good or bad appe>ance ( ! libr>y books1 z labels ) r\gh or ragg$ edges1 or put on askew1 or trimm$ irregul>ly at _! m>g9s1 pres5t an ugly & unf9i%$ aspect1 (f5sive to ! eye ( good ta/e1 & reflect+ discr$it on ! managem5t4 ,a libr>ian %\ld take pride 9 see+ all details ( 8 "w c>efully & neatly c>ri$ out4 ,if he _c h p]fection1 f want ( "t1 he %\ld always aim at x1 at lea/1 & !n only w he come ne> to a*iev+ x4 ,! label1 or book-plate 7= !y are "o & ! same ?+7 %\ld be ( conv5i5t size to g into books bo? small & l>ge2 & a good size is approximately #b in*es wide by #a in*es high :5 trimm$4 ,z comp>atively few libr>ies c>e to g to ! exp5se1 :i* is ab\t t5 times t ( pr9t+1 ( an engrav$ label 7al?\gh su* "w adds to ! attractiv5ess ( ! books conta9+ x7 x %\ld be pr9t$ 9 cle>1 n ornam5tal type1 ) ! "n ( ! libr>y1 t ( ! city or t[n 9 :i* x is locat$ 7unless =m+ a "p ( ! title7 & ! abbreviation ,no4 = numb]1 ) su* o!r spaces = section m>ks or divisions1 %elf-m>ks1 etc41 z ! classification adopt$ may require4 ,! :ole %\ld be enclos$ 9 an ornam5tal bord]--n too ornate = good ta/e4 ,! labels1 nicely trimm$ to uni=m size by a cutt+ ma*9e1 7if t is n 9 ! libr>y equipm5t1 any b9d] w d x = y7 are next to be pa/$ or gumm$1 z pref]r$4 ,?is process is a nice "o1 requir+ pati5ce1 c>e1 & practice4 ,mo/ libr>ies are full ( books imp]fectly labell$1 pa/$ on 9 crook$ fa%ion1 or p]haps damag+ ! end-leaves by an ov]-use ( pa/e1 caus+ ! leaves to adh]e to ! page labell$--:i* %\ld always be ! inside left h& cov] ( ! book4 ,?is slov5ly "w is unwor?y ( a skill$ libr>ian1 :o %\ld n suff] torn wa/e leaves1 nor daubs ( ov]-runn+ pa/e 9 any ( 8 books4 ,to prev5t bo? ^! blund]s 9 libr>y economy1 x is only ne$ful to in/ruct any intellig5t assi/ant ?or\ghly1 by practical example h[ to d x--accompani$ by a c\nt]-example h[ n to d x4 ,! way to d x is to h y\r pa/e z ?9 z t us$ by b9d]s 9 pa/+ _! fly-leaves1 or _! lea!r1 or ab\t ! consi/5cy ( porridge or pea s\p4 ,!n lay ! label or book-plate face d[nw>d on a bo>d or table cov]$ ) blott+ pap]1 dip y\r pa/e bru% 7a half in* bri/le bru% is ! be/7 9 ! pa/e1 /roke x 7to remove too mu* adh]+ matt]7 on ! inn] side ( y\r pa/e cup1 !n apply x across ! :ole surface ( ! label1 ) light1 ev5 /rokes ( ! bru%1 until y see t x is all moi/5$ ) pa/e4 ,next1 take up ! label & lay x ev5ly 9 ! middle ( ! left inn] cov] page ( ! book to be labell$1 & ) a small piece ( pap] 7n ) ! nak$ f+]s7 laid ov] x1 /roke x d[n firmly 9 its place1 by rubb+ ov] a few times ! incumb5t pap]4 ,?is be+ prop]ly done 7& x is done by an exp]t1 once le>n$1 v rapidly7 y\r book-plate w be firmly & smoo?ly pa/$ 91 ) no exud+ ( pa/e at ! edges1 to spoil ! fly-leaves1 & no curl+ up ( edges because insuffici5tly pa/$ d[n4 ,s mu* = ! book-plate--= ! inside ( ! volumes2 n[ let u turn att5tion to ! outside label4 ,?is is necess>ily v mu* small] ?an ! book-plate3 9 fact1 x %\ld n be l>g] ?an ?ree-qu>t]s or sev5-eigh?s ( an in* 9 diamet]1 & ev5 small] = ! ?9n] volumes1 :ile 9 ! case ( ! v smalle/1 or ?9ne/ ( books1 x becomes necess>y to pa/e ! labels on ! side1 in/ead ( on ! back4 ,?is label is to conta9 ! section & %elf-m>k ( ! book1 m>k$ by pla9 figures1 accord+ to ! plan ( classification adopt$4 ,:5 well done1 x is an inexpressible com=t to any libr>ian1 because x %[s at "o glance ( ! eye1 & )\t op5+ ! book at all1 j :]e 9 ! wide range ( ! miscellane\s libr>y x is to g4 ,?us ! book s]vice ( e day is incalculably aid$1 & ! books are bo? f\nd :5 s\ght on ! %elves1 & replac$ !re1 ) no tr\ble ( op5+ !m4 ,?is out]-label sy/em once e/abli%$1 9 /rict correspond5ce ) ! catalogue1 ! only "p ( ! libr>ian's "w rema9+ to be prescrib$ 9 ?is field1 conc]ns ! k9d ( label to be select$1 & ! me?od ( affix+ !m to ! books4 ,! adhesive gumm$ labels furni%$ by ! ,libr>y ,bureau1 or ^? manufactur$ by ! ,d5nison ,company ( ,new ,york h ! requisite qualities = practical use4 ,!y may be pur*as$ 9 %eets1 or cut ap>t1 z conv5i5t h&l+ may dictate4 ,hav+ fir/ writt5 9 ink 9 pla9 figures1 z l>ge z ! labels w be>1 ! prop] locality m>ks1 take a label moi/5] 7a holl[ tube fill$ ) wat]1 provid$ ) a bit ( sponge at ! end & sold by /ation]s7 & wet ! label ?r\gh\t its surface1 !n fix x on ! back ( ! book1 on ! smoo? "p ( ! b9d+ ne> ! l[] end1 & ) a piece ( pap] 7n ! f+]s7 press x d[n firmly to its place by repeat$ rubb+s4 ,if ?or\ghly done1 ! labels w n peel (f nor curl up at ! edges = a long "t4 ,"u mu* usage ( ! volumes1 h[ev]1 !y mu/ occasionally be r5ew$4 ,:5 ! books be+ prep>$ = ! %elves h all be5 duly collat$1 labell$ & /amp$1 processes :i* %\ld prec$e catalogu+ !m1 !y are next ready = ! catalogu]4 ,8 functions hav+ be5 else:]e describ$1 x ne$ only be said t ! books :5 catalogu$ & h&$ ov] to ! revis]1 7or :oev] is to scrut9ize ! titles & assign !m _! prop] places 9 ! libr>y classification7 are to h ! %elf-m>ks ( ! c>d-titles writt5 on ! inside labels1 z well z ^u ! outside4 ,:5 ?is is done1 ! title-c>ds c be )drawn & alphabet$ 9 ! catalogue draw]s4 ,next1 all ! books ?us catalogu$1 labell$1 & suppos$ to be ready = ! %elves1 %\ld be exam9$ ) ref]5ce to ?ree po9ts3 #a/4 ,:e!r any ( ! volumes ne$ re-lett]+4 #bnd4 ,:e!r any ( !m require re-b9d+4 #crd4 ,if any ( ! b9d+s are 9 ne$ ( repair4 ,9 any lot ( books pur*as$ or pres5t$1 are almo/ always to be f\nd "s t are wrongly or imp]fectly lett]$ on ! back4 ,be=e ^! are ready = ! %elves1 !y %\ld be c>efully gone ?r\gh )1 & all errors or %ortcom+s correct$4 ,x is ne$ful to s5d to ! b9d] #a/4 ,all books :i* lack ! "n ( ! au?or on ! back4 ,?is %\ld be /amp$ by ! b9d] at ! head1 if !re is room--if n1 9 ! middle panel on ! back ( ! book4 #bnd4 ,all books lett]$ ) mis-spell$ words4 #crd4 ,all volumes 9 sets1 embrac+ sev]al di/9ct works--to h ! "n ( ea* book 9 ! cont5ts pla9ly /amp$ on ! outside4 #d?4 ,all books :olly )\t titles on ! back1 ( :i* _m are publi%$--! title be+ frequ5tly giv5 on ! side only1 or 9 ! int]ior alone4 #e?4 ,all p]iodicals hav+ ! volume on ! back1 )\t ! ye>1 to h ! ye> lett]$2 & p]iodicals hav+ ! ye>1 b n ! volume1 are to h ! numb] ( ! volume add$4 ,if ^! ?+s1 all ess5tial to good managem5t & prompt libr>y s]vice1 are n done be=e ! books g to _! %elves1 ! *ances are t !y w n be done at all4 ,! second requisite to be att5d$ to is to exam9e :e!r any ( ! volumes catalogu$ require to be b\nd or re-b\nd4 ,9 any lot ( books ( consid]able ext5t1 !re w always be "s 7especially if f auction sales7 dilapidat$ & %ak51 s z to unfit !m = use4 ,!re w be o!rs s soil$ 9 ! b9d+s or ! edges z to be positively %abby1 & !y %\ld be re-b\nd to r5d] !m pres5table4 ,! ?ird po9t dem&+ att5tion is to see :at volumes ne$ repair4 ,x v (t5 happ5s t books o!rwise pretty well b\nd h torn corn]s1 or rubb$ or %op-worn backs1 or %abby m>bl$ pap] fray$ at ! sides1 or "s o!r defect1 :i* may be cur$ by m5d+ or furbi%+ up1 )\t re-b9d+4 ,?is a skilful b9d] is always compet5t to take 9 *>ge2 & z 9 ! o!r cases1 x %\ld h att5tion imm$iately ^u ! acquisition ( ! books4 ,all books com+ into a libr>y :i* conta9 autographs1 book-plates ( =m] own]s1 coats ( arms1 pres5tation inscriptions f ! au?or1 monograms1 or o!r di/+ui%+ features1 %\ld pres]ve !m z ( int]e/ to ! pres5t or ! future4 ,& all pr9t$ pap] cov]s %\ld be c>efully pres]v$ by b9d+ !m inside ! new cov] :i* ! book receives1 ?us pres]v+ au!ntic evid5ce ( ! =m 9 :i* ! book 0 fir/ issu$ to ! public1 & (t5 its orig9al price4 ,9 l mann]1 :5 a clo?-b\nd book comes to re-b9d+1 its side & back cov]s may be b\nd 9 at ! end ( ! book1 z %[+ ! /yle 9 :i* x 0 orig9ally issu$1 frequ5tly display+ mu* arti/ic beauty4 ,:oev] receives back any books :i* h be5 out 9 circulation1 :e!r x be ! libr>ian or assi/ant1 mu/ exam9e ea* volume1 to see if x is 9 app>5t good ord]4 ,if x is f\nd 7z frequ5tly happ5s7 t x is %aky & loose1 or if leaves are ready to drop out1 or if ! cov] is ne>ly (f1 x %\ld nev] be all[$ to g back to ! %elves1 b laid aside = re-b9d+ or repair ) ! next lot s5t to ! b9d]4 ,only prompt vigilance on ?is po9t1 comb9$ ) ! requirem5t ( spe$y return by ! b9d]1 w save ! loss or injury beyond repair ( _m books4 ,x w also save ! patrons ( ! libr>y f ! frequ5t inconv5i5ce ( hav+ to d )\t books1 :i* %\ld be on ! %elves = _! use4 ,h[ frequ5t ?is s5d+ ( books to repair %\ld be1 _c be settl$ by any arbitr>y rule2 b x w\ld be wise1 9 ! int]e/ ( all1 to d x z (t5 z two or ?ree doz5 damag$ books are accumulat$4 ,if y f9d o!r injury to a book return$1 ?an ! natural we> & te> t ! libr>y mu/ assume1 if a book1 = example1 is blot*$ ) ink1 or soil$ ) grease1 or has be5 s f> wet z to be badly /a9$ 9 ! leaves1 or if x is f\nd torn 9 any "p on a ha/y inspection1 or if a plate or a map is miss+1 or ! b9d+ is viol5tly brok5 7z sometimes happ5s7 !n ! damage %\ld be borne by ! read]1 & n by ! libr>y4 ,?is w sometimes require ! pur*ase ( a fre% copy ( ! book1 :i* no fair-m9d$ read] c object to pay1 :o is favor$ ) ! privileges ( free enjoym5t ( ! treasures ( a public libr>y4 ,inde$1 x w be f\nd 9 ! majority ( cases t hone/ read]s !mselves call att5tion to su* injuries z books h accid5tally receiv$ :ile 9 _! possession1 ) volunt>y (f] to make good ! damage4 ,all unb\nd or pap] cov]$ volumes %\ld be res]v$ f ! %elves1 & n suppli$ to read]s until b\nd4 ,?is rule may be relax$ 7z !re is almo/ no rule )\t "s valid exception7 9 ! case ( a popul> new book1 issu$ only 9 pap] cov]s1 if x is desir$ to give an opportunity ( e>ly p]usal to read]s frequ5t+ ! libr>y4 ,b su* books %\ld n be p]mitt$ to circulate1 z !y w\ld soon be worn to pieces by h&l+4 ,only books dress$ 9 a sub/antial cov]+ are fit to be loan$ out ( any libr>y4 ,9 prep>+ = ! b9d]y any new books1 or old ones to be re-b\nd or repair$1 li/s %\ld be made ( any conv5i5t numb] set ap>t = ! purpose1 prompt return %\ld be requir$1 & all %\ld be *eck$ (f on ! li/ :5 return$4 ,no %elf 9 a well-regulat$ libr>y %\ld be unprovid$ ) book-supports1 9 ord] to prev5t ! volumes f sagg+ & /ra9+ by fall+ aga9/ "o ano!r1 9 a long r[ ( books4 ,num]\s diff]5t devices are 9 ! m>ket = ?is purpose1 f ! solid brick to ! light %eet-iron support2 b x is important to protect ! end ( e r[ f /ra9 on ! b9d+s1 & ! co/ ( book supports is indef9itely less ?an t ( ! re-b9d+ entail$ by neglect+ to use !m4 ,"s libr>ies ( circulation make x a rule to cov] all _! books ) pap] or ?9 musl9 cov]s1 be=e !y are plac$ on ! %elves = use4 ,?is me?od has its advantages & its drawbacks4 ,x d\btless protects ! b9d+s f soil+1 & :]e books circulate widely & long1 no "o :o has se5 h[ f\l ) dirt !y become1 c d\bt ! exp$i5cy ( at lea/ try+ ! exp]im5t ( clean cov]s4 ,!y %\ld be ( ! firme/ ?9 b t\gh ,manila pap]1 & x is claim$ t tw5ty r5ewals ( clean pap] cov]s actually co/ less ?an "o re-b9d+4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is n to be d5i$ t books ?us cov]$ look %abby1 monoton\s1 & un9t]e/+4 ,9 ! libr>y us$ = ref]5ce & read+ only1 )\t circulation1 cov]s are q out ( place4 ,book-plates hav+ be5 briefly ref]r$ to above1 a few words z to _! /yles & uses may "h be p]t95t4 ,! "n book-plate is a clumsy & mislead+ title1 sugge/+ to ! un9itiat$ ! illu/rations or plates :i* embelli% ! text ( a book4 ,! "n ,ex libris1 two lat9 words us$ = book-plate 9 all ,european languages1 is cle>]1 b /ill n exact1 z a def9ition ( ! ?+1 signify+ simply out ( books4 ,a book-plate is ! own]'s or ! libr>y's di/9ctive m>k ( own]%ip1 pa/$ ^u ! inside cov]1 :e!r x be a simple "n-label1 or an elaborately engrav$ h]aldic or pictorial device4 ,! e>lie/ kn[n book-plates date back to ! fifte5? c5tury1 & are ( ,g]man orig91 ?\gh ,engli% plates are kn[n z e>ly z #agjj4 ,9 ,france1 specim5s appe> = ! fir/ "t betwe5 #afjj & #afej4 ,=eign book-plates are1 z a rule1 h]aldic 9 design1 z are also ! e>ly ,am]ican plates1 repres5t+ ! coat ( arms or family cre/ ( ! own] ( ! books1 ) a motto ( "s k9d4 ,! fa%ion ( collect+ ^! own]s' m>ks1 z su*1 irrespective ( ! books conta9+ !m1 is a rec5t & v possibly a pass+ mania4 ,/ill1 !re is some?+ ( int]e/ 9 e>ly ,am]ican plates1 & 9 ^? us$ by di/+ui%$ m51 aside f ! collector's fad4 ,"s ( ! fir/ ,am]ican engrav]s %[$ _! skill 9 ^! designs1 & a sign$ & dat$ plate engrav$ by ,na?aniel ,hurd1 = example1 ( ,bo/on1 is ( "s hi/oric value z an example ( e>ly ,am]ican art4 ,he engrav$ _m plates ab\t ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury1 & di$ 9 #aggg4 ,paul ,rev]e1 :o 0 an engrav]1 design$ & execut$ "s few plates1 :i* are r>e1 & highly priz$1 m = 8 "n ?an = 8 skill1 =1 z g5]ally kn[n1 he 0 a not$ patriot ( ! ,revolution>y p]iod1 belong+ by 8 acts to ! h]oic age ( ,am]ican hi/ory4 ,a book ( ,george ,wa%+ton's conta9+ 8 book-plate has an add$ int]e/1 ?\gh ! plate itself is an armorial design1 n at all well execut$4 ,its motto is exitus acta probat--! ev5t ju/ifies ! de$4 ,f its r>ity & ! high price x comm&s1 x has probably be5 ! only ,am]ican book-plate ev] c\nt]feit$4 ,at an auction sale ( books 9 ,wa%+ton 9 #ahfc1 ?is c\nt]feit plate _h be5 plac$ 9 _m books to give a fictiti\s value1 b ! fraud 0 discov]$ & ann\nc$ by ! pres5t writ]1 j be=e ! books 7 sold4 ,yet ! sale 0 att5d$ by _m attract$ to bid ^u books said to h be5 own$ by ,wa%+ton1 & among !m ! late ,dr4 ,w4 ,f4 ,poole1 !n libr>ian ( ! ,bo/on ,a!naeum1 :i* possesses mo/ ( ! libr>y au!ntically kn[n to h be5 at ,m\nt ,v]non4 ,john ,adams & ,john ,qu9cy ,adams us$ book-plates1 & ,james ,monroe & ,john ,tyl] ea* _h a pla9 "n-label4 ,^! are all ( our presid5ts kn[n to h us$ !m1 except ,g5]al ,g>field1 :o _h a pr9t$ book-plate ( simple design1 ) ! motto int] folia fructus4 ,elev5 ( ! sign]s ( ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce are kn[n to h _h ^! signs ( g5tle bir?--= 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! ,am]ican ,colonies1 x 0 only ! families ( ari/ocratic connection & s*ol>ly ta/es :o indulg$ 9 :at may be t]m$ a sup]flu\s luxury4 ,! plates us$ among ! ,s\!rn settl]s 7 g5]ally ord]$ f ,engl&1 & n at all ,am]ican4 ,! ,nor!rn plates 7 m frequ5tly ( native design & execution1 & !re=e ( mu* great] value & int]e/1 ?\gh f> inf]ior 9 /yle ( workman%ip & elaboration ( ornam5t to ! be/ ,european ones4 ,! ord9>y libr>y label is also a book-plate1 & "s ( ! e>ly libr>ies & small collections h elaborate designs4 ,! e>ly ,h>v>d ,college libr>y plate 0 a l>ge & f9e piece ( engrav+ by ,hurd4 ,! ,h>v>d ,libr>y _h "s few ( ?is f9e engrav$ label pr9t$ 9 r$ ink1 & plac$ 9 ! r>] books ( ! libr>y--z a rem9d] t ! works conta9+ ! rubricat$ book-plates 7 n to be drawn out by /ud5ts4 ,! le>n$ bibliophile & libr>ian ( ,flor5ce1 ,magliabec*i1 :o di$ 9 #agad1 devis$ = 8 libr>y ( ?irty ?\s& volumes1 :i* he bequea!d to ! ,gr& ,duke ( ,tuscany1 a book-plate repres5t+ 8 own pr(ile on a m$al surr\nd$ ) books & oak b\ghs1 ) ! inscription--,antonius ,magliabec*ius ,flor5t9us4 ,"s book-plates embody designs ( great beauty4 ,! late ,george ,bancr(t's1 engrav$ on copp]1 repres5t$ a w+$ *]ub 7f ,raphael7 gaz+ sun-w>d1 hold+ a tablet ) ! inscription ,eis phaos1 t[>d ! light4 ,"s ,fr5* book-plates aim at humor or c>icature4 ,"o famili> example repres5ts an old book-worm m\nt$ on a tall ladd] 9 a libr>y1 pr(\ndly absorb$ 9 read+1 & utt]ly unconsci\s t ! room b5ea? him is on fire4 ,to ^? :o ask ( :at possible utility x c be to cultivate s unfruitful a pursuit z ! devis+ or ! collect+ ( book-plates1 x may be p]t95t to /ate ! claim made 9 behalf ( ! amateurs ( ?is art1 by a connoisseur1 namely1 ,book-plates fo/] ! /udy ( art1 hi/ory1 g5ealogy1 & human "*4 ,on ?is !ory1 we may add1 ! coat ( arms or family cre/ tea*es h]aldry2 ! mottoes or inscriptions *os5 cultivate ! ta/e = language & s5t5ti\s lit]ature2 ! engrav+ appeals to ! s5se ( ! arti/ic2 ! names ( e>ly or anci5t families :o are (t5 ?us commemorat$ tea* biography1 hi/ory1 or g5ealogy2 :ile ! great v>iety ( s5tim5ts select$ = ! plates illu/rate ! "* & ta/e ( ^? select+ !m4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x mu/ be said t ! coat ( arms fails to indicate individual ta/e or g5ius1 & might bett] be supplant$ by orig9al & *>act]i/ic designs1 especially su* z relate to books1 libr>ies1 & le>n+4 ,,*apt] #e4 ,,! ,,enemies ,,( ,,books4 ,we h se5 9 =m] *apt]s h[ ! books ( a libr>y are acquir$1 h[ !y are prep>$ = ! %elves1 or = use1 & h[ !y are or %\ld be b\nd4 ,let u n[ consid] ! important que/ions :i* involve ! c>e1 ! protection1 & ! pres]vation ( ! books4 ,e libr>ian or book own] %\ld be some?+ m ?an a cu/odian ( ! books 9 8 collection4 ,he %\ld also ex]cise p]petual vigilance ) reg>d to _! safety & condition4 ,! books ( e libr>y are beset by dang]s & by enemies4 ,"s ( ^! are op5 & palpable2 o!rs are secret1 illusive1 little suspect$1 & liable to come unlook$ = & )\t w>n+4 ,"s ( ^! enemies are imp]sonal & immat]ial1 b none ! less deadly2 o!rs are p]sonally human 9 =m1 b mo/ inhuman 9 _! c>eless & brutal treatm5t ( books4 ,h[ f> & h[ fatally ! books ( _m libr>ies h be5 injur$ by ^! ev] active & p]si/5t enemies c nev] be adequately told4 ,b we may po9t out :at ! sev]al dang]s are :i* beset !m1 & h[ f> ! wat*ful c>e ( ! libr>ian & 8 assi/ants may =e-/all or prev5t !m4 ,"o ( ! =emo/ ( ! inanimate enemies ( books is du/4 ,9 "s libr>ies ! atmosph]e is du/-lad51 to a degree :i* seems incr$ible until y witness its results 9 ! deposits ^u books1 :i* soil y\r f+]s1 & contam9ate ! air y brea!1 z y bru% or bl[ x away4 ,peculi>ly liable to du/ are libr>y rooms locat$ 9 popul\s t[ns1 or 9 bus9ess /reets1 & built close to ! av5ues ( traffic4 ,"h1 ! du/ is driv5 9 at ! w9d[s & doors by e breeze t bl[s4 ,x is an omnipres5t evil1 t _c be escap$ or v l>gely rem$i$4 ,z prev5tive measures1 c>e %\ld be tak5 n to build libr>ies too ne> ! /reet1 b to h ample front & side y>ds to isolate ! books z f> z may be consi/5t ) conv5i5t access4 ,:]e ! libr>y is already locat$ imm$iately on ! /reet1 a subscription = spr9kl+ ! ?or\ghf>e ) wat]1 ! ye> r\nd1 w\ld be true economy4 ,9 "s cities1 ! evils ( /reet du/ are supplem5t$ by ! mis*iefs ( coal smoke1 to an aggravat$ degree4 ,:]ev] s(t coal is burn$ z ! pr9cipal fuel1 a black1 fulig9\s sub/ance goes float+ ?r\gh ! air1 & soils e ?+ x t\*es4 ,x p5etrates into h\ses & public build+s1 (t5 int5sifi$ by _! own int]ior use ( ! same g5]ator ( dirt1 & cov]s ! books ( ! libr>y ) its f\l deposits4 ,y may see1 9 ! public libr>ies ( "s we/]n cities1 h[ ?is p]petual curse ( coal smoke has p5etrat$ ! leaves ( all ! books1 resi/+ all ef=ts to keep x out1 & sl[ly b surely det]iorat+ bo? pap] & b9d+s4 ,"h1 prev5tive measures are impossible1 unless "s device = consum+ ! coal smoke ( *imneys & factories 7 made compulsory1 or ! evil some:at mitigat$ by us+ a less dang]\s fuel )9 ! libr>y4 ,b1 aside f ^! afflictions ( du/1 9 its mo/ aggravat$ =m1 e libr>y & e room 9 any build+ is subject to its p]si/5t visitations4 ,:]ev] c>pets or rugs cov] ! floors1 !re du/ has an assur$ abid+-place1 & x is diffus$ ?r\gh\t ! ap>tm5t 9 impalpable cl\ds1 at e sweep+ ( ! floors4 ,h5ce x w\ld be wise to adopt 9 public libr>ies a floor-cov]+ l l9oleum1 or "s sub/ance o!r ?an wool51 :i* w\ld be measurably free f du/1 :ile s(t en\gh to dead5 ! s\nd ( feet ^u ! floors4 ,ev5 ) ?is prev5tive precaution1 !re w always be du/ en\gh1 & too mu* = com=t1 or = ! heal? ( ! books4 ,only a ?or\gh du/+1 c>ri$ on if possible daily1 c prev5t an accumulation ( du/1 at once delet]i\s to ! durability ( ! books1 & to ! com=t bo? ( libr>ians & read]s4 ,du/ is an insidi\s foe1 /eal+ on its m>* sil5tly & unobs]v$1 yet1 h[ev] impalpable 9 ! atmosph]e ( a libr>y1 x w settle ^u ! tops ( e %elf ( books1 x w p5etrate _! inn] leaves1 x w lodge ^u ! b9d+s1 soil+ books & read]s1 & con/itut+ a p]petual annoyance4 ,x is n en\gh to du/ ! tops ( ! books p]iodically2 a m full & radical rem$y is requir$1 to r5d] libr>y books pres5table4 ,at no long int]vals1 !re %\ld be a ?or\gh libr>y clean+1 z dra/ic & complete z ! h\se-clean+ :i* neat h\sewives in/itute twice a ye>1 ) su* :olesome results4 ,! books are to be tak5 d[n f ! %elves1 & subject$ to a %ak+-up process1 :i* w remove m ( ! du/ !y h absorb$ ?an any bru% c rea*4 ,to d ?is effectually1 take !m1 if ( mod]ate ?ickness1 by ! half-doz5 at a "t f ! %elf1 hold !m loosely on a table1 _! fronts d[nw>d1 backs upp]mo/1 !n ) a h& at ei!r side ( ! little pile1 /rike !m sm>tly toge!r a few times1 until ! du/1 :i* w fly f !m 9 a v palpable cl\d1 ceases to fall4 ,!n lay !m on _! ends1 ) ! tops upp]mo/ on ! table1 & repeat ! concussion 9 t po/ure1 :5 y w elim9ate a fre% crop ( du/1 ?\gh n s ?ick z ! fir/4 ,aft] ?is1 let ea* volume ( ! lot be bru%$ ov] at ! sides & back ) a s(t 7nev] /iff7 bru%1 or else ) a piece ( cotton or wool5 clo?1 & s re/or$ clean to ! %elves4 ,:ile ?is ?or\gh me?od ( cleans+ w take "t & pa9s1 x w pay 9 ! long run4 ,x w n elim9ate all ! du/ 7:i* 9 a l>ge collection is a physical impossibility7 b x w r$uce x to a m9imum4 ,fai?fully c>ri$ out1 z a p]iodical supplem5t to a daily du/+ ( ! books z !y /& on ! %elves1 x w imm5sely relieve ! libr>ian or book-own]1 :o c !n1 7& !n only7 feel t he has done 8 :ole duty by 8 books4 ,ano!r dang]\s enemy ( ! libr>y book is damp1 already briefly ref]r$ to4 ,books kept 9 any basem5t room1 or ne> any wall1 absorb moi/ure ) avidity2 bo? pap] & b9d+s becom+ mildew$1 & (t5 cov]$ ) blue m\ld4 ,if long left 9 ?is p]il\s condition1 sure de/ruction foll[s2 ! glue or pa/e :i* fa/5s ! cov] s(t5s1 ! lea!r loses its t5acity1 & ! leaves sl[ly rot1 until ! wor?less volumes smell to heav54 ,books ?us injur$ may be p>tially recov]$1 be=e ! advanc$ /age ( decomposition1 by removal to a dry atmosph]e1 & by tak+ ! volumes ap>t1 dry+ ! %eets1 & reb9d+--a v exp5sive1 b necess>y rem$y1 provid$ ! books are deem$ wor? pres]v+4 ,b a true rem$y is ! prev5tive "o4 ,no libr>y %\ld ev] be kept1 ev5 9 "p1 9 a basem5t /ory1 nor %\ld any books ev] be locat$ ne> ! wall ( a build+4 ,all walls absorb1 reta91 & give out moi/ure1 & are dang]\s & (t-times fatal neighbors to books4 ,let ! %elves be locat$ at "r angles to e wall--) ! end ne>e/ to x at lea/ twelve to eighte5 in*es remov$1 & ! dang] w be obviat$4 ,a ?ird enemy ( ! book is heat4 ,mo/ libr>ies are un=tunately ov]-heat$1--sometimes f defective means ( controll+ ! temp]ature1 & sometimes f c>elessness or want ( ?\ght 9 ! att5dant4 ,a high temp]ature is v de/ructive to books4 ,x w>ps _! cov]s1 s t volumes unprotect$ by _! fell[s1 or by a book support1 t5d to curl up1 & /ay w>p$ until !y become a nuisance4 ,x also injures ! pap] ( ! volumes by ov]-heat+1 & weak5+ ! t5acity ( ! leaves held toge!r by ! glue on ! back1 besides dry+ to an extreme ! lea!r1 till x cracks or crumbles "u ! heat4 ,! upp] %elves or gall]ies ( any libr>y are mo/ s]i\sly affect$ by ov]-heat+1 because ! natural law causes ! heat to rise t[>d ! ceil+4 ,if y put y\r h& on "s books occupy+ ! highe/ places 9 "s libr>y rooms1 9 mid-w9t]1 :5 ! fires are kept at _! maximum1 ! heat ( ! volume w almo/ burn y\r f+]s4 ,if ^! books 7 s5ti5t be+s1 & c\ld speak1 w\ld !y n say--our suff]+s are intol]able8 ,! rem$y is ( c\rse a prev5tive "o2 nev] to suff] ! libr>y to become ov]-heat$1 & to h prop] v5tilation on e floor1 communicat+ ) ! air outside4 ,sev5ty degrees ,fahr5heit is a safe & prop] maximum temp]ature = books & libr>ian4 ,! mis*ief aris+ f gas exhalations is ano!r s]i\s s\rce ( dang] to books4 ,9 _m well-light$ libr>ies1 ! heat itself f ! num]\s gas-burn]s is suffici5t to injure !m1 & !re is besides a sulphuric acid escap+ f ! coal-gas fluid1 9 combu/ion1 :i* is mo/ delet]i\s to b9d+s4 ,! only rem$y appe>s to be1 :]e libr>ies are op5 ev5+s1 to furni% !m ) electric lights4 ,?is improv$ mode ( illum9ation is n[ s p]fect$1 & s widely diffus$1 t x may be reckon$ a positive boon to public libr>ies1 9 sav+ _! books f "o ( _! wor/ & mo/ de/ructive enemies4 ,ano!r ( ! pot5t enemies ( books is fire4 ,i ref]1 n to ov]-heat+ ! rooms !y occupy1 b to ! risk !y cont9ually run1 9 mo/ libr>ies1 ( total de/ruction4 ,! *ronicle ( burn$ libr>ies w\ld make a long & melan*oly record1 on :i* !re is no space "h to ent]4 ,irrep>able losses ( manuscripts & e>ly pr9t$ books1 & preci\s volumes pr9t$ 9 small editions1 h aris5 f m5's neglect ( build+ our book-repositories fire-pro(4 ,9 all libr>ies n provid$ ) iron or /eel %elves1 !re is p]petual dang]4 ,books d n burn easily1 unless surr\nd$ ) combu/ibles1 b ^! are furni%$ 9 ne>ly all libr>ies1 by surr\nd+ ! books on ?ree sides ) wood5 %elves1 :i* ne$ only to be ignit$ at any po9t to put ! :ole collection 9 a blaze4 ,!n foll[s ! usual abortive endeavor to save ! libr>y by ! aid ( fire eng9es1 :i* flood ! build+1 until ! wat] spoils ne>ly all :i* ! fire does n consume4 ,! incalculable losses :i* ! cause ( le>n+ has su/a9$ f ! burn+ ( public1 univ]sity & ecclesia/ical libr>ies are f> great] ?an ! co/ :i* ! provision ( fire-pro( repositories w\ld h entail$4 ,( late ye>s1 !re has be5 a p>tial re=m 9 libr>y con/ruction4 ,"s h be5 built fire-pro( ?r\gh\t1 ) only /one1 brick1 concrete & iron mat]ial1 ev5 to ! floors & w9d[ cas+s4 ,_m m h _h iron %elves & iron /acks to hold ! %elves con/ruct$1 & !re are n[ sev]al compet+ manufactur]s ( ^! invaluable safegu>ds to books4 ,! fir/ libr>y int]ior con/ruct$ :olly ( iron 0 t ( ! ,libr>y ( ,congress at ,wa%+ton1 :i* _h be5 twice consum$1 fir/ :5 ! ,capitol 0 burn$ by ! ,briti% army 9 #ahad1 & aga9 9 #ahea1 ?r\gh a defective flue1 :5 only #bj1jjj volumes 7 sav$ f ! flames1 out ( a total ( #ee1jjj4 ,! example ( iron con/ruction has be5 sl[ly foll[$1 until n[ ! l>ge cities h mo/ ( _! newly-con/ruct$ libr>ies approximately fire-pro(1 al?\gh _m are expos$ to fire 9 p>ts1 ow+ to a nigg>dly & false economy4 ,! lesson t :at is wor? do+ at all is wor? do+ well1 & t e neglect ( security br+s soon] or lat] irrep>able loss1 is v sl[ly le>n$4 ,:ole hecatombs ( books h be5 sacrific$ to ! _s ( comm]cial gre$1 bl9d or %ort-sight$ en\gh n to see t secure protection to public prop]ty1 ?\gh co/li] at fir/1 is f> *eap] 9 ! end4 ,y may speak ( insurance aga9/ libr>y losses by fire1 b :at insurance c\ld re/ore ! r>e & co/ly ,%akespe>ean treasures ( ! ,birm+ham ,free ,libr>y1 or ! unique & priceless manuscripts t w5t up 9 flames 9 ! city libr>y ( ,/rasburg1 9 #ahgj1 or ! _m preci\s & irreplaceable manuscript ar*ives ( s _m ( our ,/ates1 burn$ 9 ! conflagration ( _! capitols8 ,"o w\ld ?9k t ! civiliz$ _w _h _h lessons en\gh1 ev] s9ce t sev5? c5tury burn+ ( ! ,alex&rian libr>y by ! ,caliph ,om>1 ) t fam\s b apocryphal rhetorical dilemma1 put 9 8 m\? p]haps by "s nimble-witt$ report]3--,if ^! books agree ) ! ,koran1 !y are useless1 & %\ld be burn$3 if n1 !y are p]nici\s1 & mu/ n be sp>$4 ,b ! he$less _w goes c>elessly on1 deaf to ! voice ( reason1 & ! lessons ( hi/ory1 amid ! holocau/s ( lit]ature & ! wreck ( blaz+ libr>ies1 utt]+ l\d newspap] wails at ea* new in/ance ( de/ruction1 =gott5 9 a week1 !n *e]fully r5ew+ ! bus9ess ( build+ libr>ies t invite ! flames4 ,no?+ "h said %\ld be int]pret$ z advice n to insure any libr>y1 9 all cases :]e x is n provid$ ) iron cases = ! books1 or a fire-pro( build+4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! m5ac$ de/ruction ( books or manuscripts t _c be replac$ %\ld lead to secur+ means 9 advance = replac+ all ! re/ 9 case ( loss by fire4 ,& ! exp]i5ce ( ! pa/ po9ts ! wisdom ( locat+ e libr>y 9 an isolat$ build+1 :]e risks ( fire f o!r build+s are r$uc$ to a m9imum1 in/ead ( 9 a block ^: build+s 7z 9 mo/ comm]cial /ructures7 are l9$ ) wood4 ,y w p]haps atta* b small importance at fir/ ?\ght1 to ! next insidi\s foe to libr>y books t ,i %all "n--t is1 wett+ by ra94 ,yet mo/ build+s leak at ! ro(1 sometime1 & "s old build+s are subject to leaks all ! "t4 ,ev5 "u ! ro( ( ! ,capitol at ,wa%+ton1 at e melt+ ( a heavy sn[-fall1 & on occasion ( viol5t & protract$ ra9s1 !re h be5 leaks p\r+ d[n wat] into ! libr>ies locat$ 9 ! old "p ( ! build+4 ,ea* ( ^! saturat$ & injur$ its quota ( books1 "s ( :i* c\ld only be re/or$ to available use by re-b9d+1 & ev5 !n ! leaves 7 left wat]-/a9$ 9 "p4 ,see to x t y\r libr>y ro( is wat]-tight1 or ! cont5ts ( y\r libr>y w be con/antly expos$ to damage aga9/ :i* !re is no insurance4 ,ano!r besett+ dang] to ! books ( our libr>ies arises f insects & v]m94 ,^! animat$ foes appe> *iefly 9 ! =m ( book-worms1 cockroa*es1 & mice4 ,! fir/-nam$ is r>e 9 ,am]ican libr>ies1 ?\gh its ravages h ext5d$ f> & wide among ! old ,european ones4 ,?is m9ute little insect1 ^: sci5tific "n is ! anobium paniceum1 bores ?r\gh ! leaves ( old volumes1 mak+ sometimes holes :i* deface & mutilate ! text4 ,all our public libr>ies1 d\btless1 h on _! %elves old folios 9 vellum or lea!r b9d+s1 :i* pres5t ^u op5+ ! disagreeable vision ( leaves eat5 ?r\gh 7usually be=e !y cross$ ! sea7 by ^! p]nici\s little bor]s4 ,x is com=t+ to add1 t ,i h nev] kn[n ( any book-worm 9 ! ,congressional ,libr>y--except ! human v>iety1 :i* is frequ5tly 9 evid5ce4 ,georget[n ,college libr>y once s5t me a specim5 ( ! insect1 :i* 0 f\nd alive 9 "o ( its volumes1 b ! unit$ te/imony ( libr>ians is t ?is pe/ is r>e 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,z to rem$ies1 ! prev5tive "o ( spr9kl+ ! %elves twice a ye> ) a mixture ( p[d]$ camphor & snuff1 or ! vapor ( b5z9e or c>bolic acid1 or o!r repellant *emicals1 is resort$ to abroad1 b ,i h n he>d ( any simil> practice 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,i may rem>k 9 pass+1 t ! t]m book-worm is a misnom]1 s9ce x is n a worm at all1 b an insect4 ,a m s]i\s insect m5ace is ! cockroa*1 a hungry1 unclean little bea/1 :i* frequ5ts a good _m libr>ies1 & dev\rs b9d+s 7especially fre% ones7 to get at ! pa/e or savory p>ts ( ! b9d+4 ,! rem$y = ?is evil1 :5 once f\nd to exi/1 is to scatt] ! mo/ effective roa* poison t c be f\nd1 :i* may arre/ fur!r ravages4 ,ano!r insect pe/ is ! ,croton bug1 7,blatta ,g]manica7 :i* eats into clo? b9d+s to get at ! siz+ or album54 ,! late em95t entomologi/1 ,dr4 ,c4 ,v4 ,riley1 pron\nc$ !m ! wor/ pe/ kn[n 9 libr>ies1 b obs]v$ t !y d n attack books b\nd 9 lea!r1 & conf9e _! ravages to ! outside ( clo?-b\nd books1 nev] tr\bl+ ! leaves4 ,! rem$y prescrib$ is a p[d] 9 :i* pyre?rum is ! *ief +r$i5t1 spr9kl$ ab\t ! %elves4 ,among ! rod5ts1 mice are apt to be busy & mis*iev\s infe/]s ( libr>ies4 ,!y are extremely fond ( pa/e1 & be+ 9 a *ronic /ate ( hung]1 !y wat* opportunities ( gett+ at any libr>y receptacle ( x4 ,!y w gnaw any fre% b9d+1 :e!r ( clo?1 bo>d1 or lea!r1 to get at ! covet$ food4 ,!y w also gnaw "s books1 & ev5 pamphlets1 )\t any app>5t temptation ( a succul5t nature4 ,a good libr>y cat or a s]ies ( m\se traps1 skilfully bait$1 may rid y ( ?is evil4 ,! injury t comes to libr>y books f insuffici5t c>e 9 protect+ !m on ! %elves is great & incalculable4 ,!re are to be se5 9 e libr>y1 volumes all twi/$ out ( %ape by ! sagg+ or lean+1 to :i* ! end-book is subject$1 & :i* is (t5 %>$ by all its neighbors on ! %elf4 ,! inevitable result is t ! book is n only spoil$ 9 its good looks1 b 7:i* is va/ly m important7 x is injur$ 9 its b9d+1 :i* is /ra9$ & weak5$ j 9 proportion to ! l5g? ( "t 9 :i* x is subject$ to su* risks4 ,! pla9 rem$y is to take c>e t e volume is support$ upright ^u ! %elf1 9 "s way4 ,:5 ! %elf is full1 ! books w support "o ano!r4 ,b :5 volumes are )drawn1 or :5 a %elf is only p>tly fill$ ) books1 ! unsupport$ volumes tumble by =ce ( gravitation1 & ^? next !m sag & lean1 or fall l a r[ ( bricks1 pu%+ "o ano!r ov]4 ,no %elf ( books c safely be left 9 ?is condition4 ,"s "o ( ! num]\s book-supports t h be5 contriv$ %\ld be always ready1 to hold up ! volumes :i* are liable to lean & fall4 ,we come n[ to ! active human enemies ( books1 & ^! are unhappily f\nd among "s ( ! read]s :o frequ5t our libr>ies4 ,^! abuses are manifold & f>-rea*+4 ,mo/ ( !m are committ$ ?r\gh ignorance1 & c be correct$ by ! c\rte\s b firm int]position ( ! libr>ian1 in/ruct+ ! del9qu5t h[ to treat a book 9 h&4 ,o!rs are wilful & unp>donable (f5ces aga9/ prop]ty rights & public morals1 ev5 if n made p5al (f5ces by law4 ,"o ( ^! is book mutilation1 v widely practic$1 b r>ely detect$ until ! mis*ief is done1 & ! culprit gone4 ,i h f\nd :ole pages torn out ( translations1 9 ! volumes ( ,bohn's ,classical ,libr>y1 d\btless by /ud5ts want+ ! translat$ text z a crib 9 _! /udy ( ! orig9al tongue4 ,"s read]s w wat* _! opportunity1 & mutilate a book by cutt+ out plates or a map1 to please _! fancy1 or p]haps to make up a defective copy ( ! same "w4 ,^? consult+ b\nd files ( newspap]s w ru?lessly despoil !m by cutt+ out articles or correspond5ce1 or adv]tisem5ts1 & c>ry+ (f ! /ol5 extracts1 to save !mselves ! tr\ble ( copy+4 ,o!rs1 bold] /ill1 if n m unscrupul\s1 w delib]ately c>ry (f a libr>y book "u a coat1 or 9 a pocket1 p]haps sign+ a false "n to a read]'s ticket to hide ! !ft1 or escape detection4 ,aga9/ ^! sc&al\s practices1 !re is no absolute safegu>d 9 any libr>y4 ,ev5 :]e a police wat* is kept1 !fts are p]petrat$1 & 9 mo/ libr>ies :]e no wat*man is employ$1 ! libr>ian & 8 assi/ants are commonly f> too busy to ex]cise close scrut9y ( all read]s4 ,z "o safegu>d1 no r>e or specially co/ly book %\ld be entru/$ to a read] except "u ! imm$iate eye ( ! libr>ian or assi/ant4 ,ord9>y books c be replac$ if c>ri$ (f1 & by wat*+ ! r>ities1 risk ( !ft c be r$uc$ to a m9imum4 ,:5 newspap]s are giv5 out to read]s1 x %\ld always be 9 a "p ( ! libr>y :]e ^? us+ !m are consci\s ( a surveillance ex]cis$ ov] _! movem5ts4 ,! p5alty ( neglect+ ?is may at any "t be ! mutilation ( an important file1 & x mu/ be rememb]$ t su* damage1 once done1 _c be repair$4 ,y c replace a mutilat$ book usually by buy+ a new "o1 b a newspap] c almo/ nev] be replac$4 ,ev5 9 ! city ( ,bo/on1 ! libr>ian ( ! ,a!naeum libr>y records ! disgraceful fact1 t ! temptation to avoid ! tr\ble ( copy+1 by cutt+ out articles f newspap]s is too /rong = ! hone/y ( a consid]able "p ( ! public4 ,& x 0 record$ by ! cu/odian ( a public libr>y 9 ,albany t all ! plates 7 miss+ f c]ta9 books1 t ! poetry & be/ illu/rations 7 cut f magaz9es be=e !y _h la9 on ! tables a week1 & /range to say1 t _m ( ^! depr$ations 7 committ$ by wom54 ,x is a difficult problem h[ to prev5t su* outrages to dec5cy1 & su* irrep>able depr$ations on ! books 9 our libr>ies z de/roy1 9 great "p1 _! value4 ,a po/$ notice1 rem9d+ read]s t mutilation ( books or p]iodicals is a p5al (f5ce1 w w>n (f _m1 if n all1 f su* acts ( v&alism4 ,if !re is no law puni%+ ! (f5ce1 agitate until y get "o4 ,expose ?r\gh ! press su* !fts & mutilations z are discov]$4 ,int]e/ read]s :om y "k1 to be wat*ful ( ^? y d n "k1 & to quietly report any obs]v$ violation ( rules4 ,:5 a culprit is detect$1 pu% ! case to prompt legal he>+1 & let ! p5alty ( ! law be en=c$4 ,let x be kn[n t ! public prop]ty 9 books is too sacr$ a "r to be violat$ ) impunity4 ,inculcate by e means & on e opportunity ! s5tim5t t read]s :o freely b5efit by ! books suppli$ %\ld !mselves feel p]sonal conc]n 9 _! cleanl9ess & pres]vation1 & t ! int]e/ ( ! libr>y is really ! int]e/ ( all4 ,a daily abuse practic$ by _m read]s 9 libr>ies1 ?\gh )\t wrongful int5t1 is ! pil+ ( "o book on top ( ano!r :ile op54 ,?is is inexcusable ill-treatm5t1 = x subjects ! op5 book ?us burd5$1 to injury1 besides probably soil+ its pages ) du/4 ,especially h>mful is su* c>eless treatm5t ( l>ge volumes ( newspap]s or illu/rat$ works4 ,c>eless use ( ink is ! cause ( mu* injury to libr>y books4 ,z a rule 7to :i* ! v fewe/ exceptions %\ld be made7 p5cils only %\ld be all[$ to read]s1 :o mu/ =ego ! use ( ink1 ) ! inevitable risk ( dropp+ x ^u ! book to its irrep>able injury4 ,! use ( ink 9 f\nta9 p5s is less objectionable4 ,trac+ ( maps or plates %\ld n be all[$1 unless ) a s(t p5cil4 ,"u no circum/ances %\ld trac+ ) a p5 or o!r h>d in/rum5t be p]mitt$ to any read]4 ,failure to en=ce ?is rule may result 9 ru9 ( valuable engrav+s or maps4 ,!re is "o class ( books :i* dem& special & wat*ful c>e at ! h&s ( ! libr>ian4 ,^! are ! f9e illu/rat$ works1 mo/ly 9 l>ge folio1 :i* include ! engrav+s ( ! art gall]ies ( ,europe1 & _m o!r specially r>e or co/ly publications4 ,^! %\ld be c>efully %elv$ 9 cases :]e !y c lie on _! sides1 n plac$ upright1 z 9 "s collections1 to lean ov]1 &1 soon] or lat] to break _! backs1 & necessitate reb9d+4 ,:5 suppli$ to read]s1 !re %\ld n be m ?an "o volume at a "t giv5 out1 to avoid ! risk1 always ?reat5+1 ( c>eless h&l+ or ( op5+ "o volume on top ( ano!r t is op54 ,!re %\ld also be a pr9t$ notice or label affix$ to ! side cov] ( e illu/rat$ "w read+1 ,nev] t\* an engrav+1 or an equival5t w>n+4 ,?is w g f>1 by its pla9 rem9d]1 to prev5t soil+ ! pages by ! f+]s1 a practice :i* rapidly det]iorates f9e books1 & if long cont9u$1 r5d]s !m unfit to be exhibit$ to clean-h&$ read]s4 ,all plates %\ld be /amp$ at "s portion ( _! surface 7x is (t5 done on ! back7 ) ! emboss+ /amp ( ! libr>y1 z a means ( id5tification if ab/ract$ f ! volume to :i* !y belong4 ,su* books %\ld1 moreov]1 be consult$ on a l>ge table1 or bett] an adju/able /& 7to avoid frequ5t lift+ or %ift+ ( ! position ( ! volume :5 inspect+ ! plates7 & always "u ! eye ( ! libr>ian or an assi/ant n f> remov$4 ,^! precautions w insure f> m c>eful treatm5t1 & w result 9 h&+ d[n to a new g5]ation ( read]s _m a r>e & preci\s volume1 :i* w\ld o!rwise be de/roy$ or irretrievably injur$ 9 a v few ye>s4 ,! libr>y treasures :i* co/ s mu* to br+ toge!r %\ld nev] be p]mitt$ to suff] f want ( c>e to pres]ve !m4 ,all writ+ ^u ! m>g9s ( books %\ld be prohibit$--o!r ?an simple p5cil corrections ( ! text1 z to an errone\s date1 "n1 etc41 :i* corrections ( errors %\ld n only be p]mitt$1 b welcom$1 ^u due v]ification4 ,! m>k+ ( passages = copy+ or citation %\ld be tol]at$ only ^u ! rigid condition t e us] ( ! book rubs out 8 own p5cil m>ks be=e return+ x4 ,i h se5 lawy]s & o!rs ?\ghtless en\gh ( "r & wrong to m>k long passages 9 p5 & ink 9 books belong+ to public libr>ies4 ,?is is a practice to be /]nly repress$1 ev5 at ! co/ ( d5y+ fur!r libr>y privileges to ! (f5d]4 ,turn+ d[n leaves 9 a book to keep ! place is "o ( ! easily besett+ s9s ( too _m read]s4 ,^? :o ?us dogs-e> a volume %\ld be taught t ! vile practice weak5s & we>s out ! leaves ?us fold$ d[n1 & makes ! book a m easy prey to du/ & dis9tegration4 ,h[ev] busy ,i may be1 ,i in/9ctively turn back e turn$-d[n leaf ,i notice 9 any book1 be=e us+ x1 or h&+ x to ano!r4 ,a good safe-gu>d w\ld be to provide a supply ( little n>r[ /rips ( pap]1 9 ! ticket boxes at ! libr>y tables to s]ve z ! book-m>k]s s frequ5tly ne$$ by read]s4 ,= ?is purpose1 no ?ick or smoo? cal5d]$ pap] %\ld be us$1 :i* falls out ( any loosely b\nd book too readily--b a ?9 s(t pap] un-siz$1 :i* w be apt to reta9 its place4 ,i h lo/ valuable "t 7:i* ,i %all nev] see aga97 9 try+ to f9d ! pages m>k$ = me by a se>*] :o _h ?\ghtlessly ins]t$ bits ( c>d-bo>d z m>k]s--:i* kept fall+ out by _! own weight4 ,! book-m>ks %\ld be at lea/ two in*es long1 & n m ?an half an in* wide2 & r\gh edges are bett] ?an smoo? ones1 = !y w adh]e bett] to ! head ( ! volume :]e plac$4 ,bett] /ill x is1 to provide pap] book-m>ks =k$ at ! l[] end by slitt+1 !n d\bl$ s t ! m>k w g on bo? sides ( ! leaf at once4 ,?is is ! only sure safe-gu>d aga9/ ^! bits ( pap] fall+ out1 & ?us los+ ! place4 ,nev] put c>ds1 or lett]s1 or docum5ts1 or any solid sub/ance into a book4 ,x weak5s ! b9d+1 & if cont9u$1 (t5 breaks ! back4 ,! fact t mo/ ( ! injuries to :i* books are expos$ are un9t5tional injuries does n alt] ! fact t !y are none ! less injuries to be gu>d$ aga9/4 ,wilful p]petration ( ! _m abuses ref]r$ to may be r>e1 b ! unconsci\s p]petrators %\ld be in/ruct$ h[ to use books by a vigilant libr>ian4 ,& !y :o h ?us be5 taught to be c>eful ( ! books 9 a public libr>y w le>n to be m c>eful ( _! own1 :i* is a great /ep 9 ! education ( any "o4 ,x ought n to be ne$ful to *>ge any "o nev] to wet ! f+] to turn ov] ! leaves ( a book--a *ildi% habit1 ak9 to runn+ out ! tongue :5 writ+1 or mov+ ! lips :5 read+ to "o's self4 ,! only prop] way to turn ! leaf is at ! upp] "r-h& corn]1 & ! index-f+] ( ! "r h& w always be f\nd compet5t to t duty4 ,/ill less %\ld x be ne$ful to insi/ ^u ! importance to e read] ( books1 ( com+ to _! p]usal clean-h&$4 ,:5 y reflect t n9e-t5?s ( ! soil+ & spoil+ :i* books und]go comes f ! dirty h&s ( _m read]s1 ?is becomes a vital po9t4 ,f\quet1 a le>n$ book collector ( ,france1 us$ to keep a pile ( :ite gloves 9 ! ante-room ( 8 libr>y1 & no visitor 0 all[$ to cross ! ?re%old1 or to h&le a book )\t putt+ on a pair1 le/ he %\ld soil ! preci\s volumes ) nak$ h&s4 ,su* a ref9em5t ( c>e to keep books immaculate is n to be expect$ 9 ?is age ( ! _w2 & yet1 a libr>ian :o respects 8 call+ is (t5 tempt$ to wi% t !re 7 "s means ( compell+ p to be m c>eful ab\t books ?an !y are4 ,x ought n ev] to be true t an enemy to ! welf>e ( libr>y books is f\nd 9 ! libr>ian himself1 or 9 any ( 8 assi/ants1 yet !re h be5 ^? employ$ 9 ! c>e ( books :o h abus$ _! positions & ! volumes entru/$ to _! *>ge1 n only by neglect ( c>e1 7:i* is a negative injury7 b by positive & cont9ual ill treatm5t4 ,?is may arise f ignorance ( bett] me?ods1 b ignorance is a poor excuse = "o cr$it$ ) ! intellig5ce ( a libr>ian4 ,9 "s libr>ies1 books are treat$ ) positive indignity1 & are p]man5tly injur$ by tightly w$g+ !m toge!r4 ,nev] cr[d books by ma9 =ce into %elves too %ort or too small = !m4 ,x /ra9s ! backs1 & s]i\sly injures ! b9d+s4 ,e book %\ld slip easily pa/ its fell[s on ! %elf4 ,if a volume is too tall to g 9 its place1 x %\ld be relegat$ to l[] %elves = l>g] books1 nev] lett+ its head be cr[d$ aga9/ ! %elf above x4 ,"o %\ld nev] pull books out f ! %elf by _! head-b&s1 or by pull+ at ! b9d+1 b place ! f+] firmly on ! top ( ! book1 next to ! b9d+1 & press d[n :ile draw+ out ! volume4 ,f failure to obs]ve ?is simple precaution1 y w f9d 9 all libr>ies multitudes ( torn or brok5 b9d+s at ! top--a :olly ne$less defacem5t & wa/e4 ,nev] p]mit a book to be turn$ d[n on its face to keep ! place4 ,?is easily besett+ habit weak5s ! book1 & frequ5tly soils its leaves by contact ) a du/y table4 ,= ! same reason1 "o volume %\ld n be plac$ )9 ! leaves ( ano!r to keep ! place :]e a book-m>k ( pap]1 s easily suppli$1 %\ld always be us$4 ,books %\ld n be turn$ d[n on ! =e-edges or fronts on ! libr>y tables1 z practic$ 9 mo/ book-/ores1 9 ord] to bett] display ! /ock4 ,! same habit prevails 9 _m libr>ies1 f c>eless inatt5tion4 ,:5 necess>y1 9 ord] to bett] read ! titles1 !y %\ld nev] be left long 9 su* position4 ,?is treatm5t weak5s ! back infallibly1 & if long cont9u$ breaks x4 ,libr>ians1 ( all p]sons 9 ! _w1 %\ld le>n1 & %\ld lead o!rs to le>n1 nev] to treat a book ) indignity1 & h[ truly ! life ( a book dep5ds ^u prop] treatm5t1 z well z t ( an animat$ be+4 ,^! ?+s1 & o!rs ( my sugge/ions1 may seem trifles to "s2 b to ^? :o consid] h[ mu* success 9 life dep5ds ^u att5tion to :at are call$ trifles--nay1 h[ mu* bo? human ta/e & human happ9ess are promot$ by c>e reg>d+ trifles1 !y w n appe> unimportant4 ,! exi/5ce ( s*ools to tea* libr>y sci5ce1 & ( manuals devot$ to simil> laudable aims1 is an auspici\s om5 ( ! new reign ( ref9$ ta/e 9 ^? nobl] arts ( life :i* connect !mselves ) lit]ature1 & are to be hail$ z au!ntic evid5ces ( ! onw>d progress ( civilization4 ,,*apt] #f4 ,,! ,,re/oration ,,& ,,reclamation ,,( ,,books4 ,we are n[ to consid] c>efully ! re/oration & ! reclamation ( ! books ( a libr>y1 :e!r public or private4 ,no?+ c be m important ?an ! means ( re/or+ or reclaim+ libr>y books t are lo/ or injur$1 s9ce e su* re/oration w save ! funds ( ! libr>y or collector f replac+ !m ) fre% or newly b\ght copies1 & w enable x to furni% its /ores ) z _m new books z ! money ?us sav$ repres5ts4 ,! c>d9al ?+ to be kept always 9 view is a wise economy ( means4 ,an e-day prud5ce is ! price ( successful adm9i/ration4 ,a managem5t :i* p]mits any ( ! enemies ( books to de/roy or damage !m1 !reby wa/+ ! sub/ance ( ! libr>y )\t repair1 is a fatally defective managem5t1 :i* %\ld be *ang$ z soon z possible4 ,?is consid]ation assumes add$ importance :5 x is rememb]$ t ! means ( ne>ly all our libr>ies are v limit$ & inadequate to ! drafts ^u !m1 ye> by ye>4 ,a great _m libr>ies are compell$ to let _! books ne$+ reb9d+ accumulate1 f ! m]e want ( money to pay = reclo?+ ! ne>ly worn-out volumes1 ?us depriv+ ! read]s = a consid]able "t1 ( ! use ( _m covet$ books4 ,& ev5 ) ^? :i* h l>ge means1 ,i h nev] yet he>d ( a libr>y t _h en\gh1 ei!r to satisfy ! eag] desire ( ! libr>ian to fill up defici5cies1 or to meet fully ! manifold wants ( read]s4 ,s mu* ! m important1 !n1 is x to husb& e doll> t c be sav$1 to keep ! books 9 su* good condition t !y w n ne$ frequ5t reb9d+1 & to r$uce to a m9imum all ! evils :i* beset !m1 m5ac+ _! safety1 or injur+ _! condition4 ,to atta9 ^! great ends1 ! libr>ian :o is qualifi$ = 8 responsible position1 mu/ be bo? a pres]v] & a re/or] ( books4 ,if n p]sonally able to g ?r\gh ! me*anical processes :i* belong to ! art ( re/oration1 7& ?is is ! case 9 all libr>ies except ! smalle/7 he %\ld at lea/ le>n all ab\t !m1 s z to be able to tea* !m ?or\ghly & intellig5tly to an assi/ant4 ,x is frequ5tly made an excuse = ! soil$ & slov5ly & ev5 torn condition ( books & b9d+s 9 a mu* us$ public libr>y1 t nei!r ! libr>ian nor 8 aids h any "t to look into ! condition ( ! books1 mu* less to repair any ( ! num]\s damages !y su/a94 ,b x %\ld be rememb]$ t 9 mo/ libr>ies1 ev5 ! busie/1 !re are seasons ( ! day1 or p]iods ( v /ormy wea!r1 :5 ! frequ5tation ( read]s is q small4 ,^? times %\ld always be seiz$ ^u to take hold ( volumes :i* h _h to be laid aside z damag$1 9 ! hurry ( bus9ess4 ,to arre/ su* damages at ! ?re%old is ! duty & ! int]e/ ( ! libr>y4 ,a torn leaf c be quickly m5d$1 a slightly brok5 b9d+ c be pa/$ or glu$1 turn$-d[n leaves c be re/or$ :]e !y belong1 a plate or map t is />t$ c be fa/5$ 91 by devot+ a few m9utes at ! prop] "t1 & ) ! prop] appliances ready at h&4 ,multitudes ( volumes c be s treat$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! ye>1 ?us sav+ ! heavy co/ ( reb9d+4 ,x is ! prov]bial /it* 9 "t t saves n9e4 ,nev] wait1 9 su* matt]s1 = ! leisure day t nev] comes1 b seize ! gold5 mom5t z x flies1 :5 no read] is int]rupt+ y1 & cle> (f at lea/ "o ( ! little jobs t are await+ y\r att5tion4 ,no "o :o does n "k h[ to use ! odd mom5ts is qualifi$ = ! duties ( a libr>ian4 ,i h se51 9 c\ntry libr>ies1 ! libr>ian & 8 lady assi/ant absorb$ 9 read+ newspap]s1 ) no o!r read]s 9 ! room4 ,?is is a use ( valuable "t nev] to be indulg$ 9 dur+ libr>y h\rs4 ,if !y _h giv5 ^? mom5ts to prop] c>e ( ! books "u _! *>ge1 _! %elves w\ld n h be5 f\nd fill$ ) neglect$ volumes1 _m ( :i* _h be5 pla9ly badly treat$ & injur$1 b n beyond reclamation by timely & provid5t c>e4 ,x is amaz+ h[ any "o c expect long employm5t z a libr>ian1 :o takes no int]e/ 9 ! condition ( ! books "u 8 *>ge4 ,! way to build up a libr>y1 & to e/abli% ! reputation ( a libr>ian at ! same "t1 is to devote e en]gy & intellig5ce to ! great "w 9 h&4 ,conv9ce ! libr>y directors1 by incessant c>e ( ! condition ( ! books1 t y are n only a fit1 b an indisp5sable cu/odian ( !m4 ,let !m see y\r me?ods ( pres]v+ & re/or+1 & !y w be induc$ to give y e facility ( :i* y /& 9 ne$4 ,%[ !m h[ ! co/ ( b9d+ or re-buy+ _m books c be sav$ by timely repair )9 ! libr>y1 & !n ask = ano!r assi/ant to be always employ$ on su* "w at v mod]ate co/4 ,libr>y directors & tru/ees are commonly int5sely practical m51 & quick to see into ! he>t ( good managem5t4 ,!y d n want a libr>ian :o has a great reputation z a l+ui/1 or an educator1 or a book-worm1 b "o :o kn[s & c>es ab\t mak+ _! funds g z f> z possible1 & c %[ !m h[ he has sav$ by re/or+ old books1 en\gh money to pay = a great _m new ones4 ,no?+ is m common 9 public l5d+ libr>ies ?an to f9d torn leaves 9 "s ( ! books4 ,if ! leaf is simply brok51 )\t be+ absolutely deta*$1 or if "p is torn (f1 & rema9s on h&1 ! volume may be re/or$ by a v simple process4 ,keep always at h& 9 "s draw]1 a few %eets ( ?9 onion-sk9 pap]1 or ! transp>5t adhesive pap] suppli$ by ! ,libr>y ,bureau4 ,pa/e ?is on ei!r side ( ! torn leaf1 see+ t x laps ov] all ! po9ts ( juncture :]e ! te> occurr$1 & t ! fitt+ ( ! text or read+ matt] is complete & p]fect4 ,! pap] be+ transp>5t1 !re w be no difficulty 9 read+ ! torn page ?r\gh x4 ,?is little piece ( re/oration %\ld always be effect$ imm$iately on discov]y1 bo? t ! torn piece or fragm5t may be sav$1 & t ! volume may be re/or$ to use4 ,9 case ( absolute loss ( a leaf or a "p ( a page1 !re are only ?ree rem$ies kn[n to me4 #a4 ,! book may be condemn$ z imp]fect1 & a new copy pur*as$4 #b4 ,! miss+ "p may be re/or$ f a p]fect copy ( ! same "w1 by copy+ ! portions ( ! text want+1 & ins]t+ !m :]e !y belong4 ,?is c be done ) a p51 & ! writt5 defici5cy neatly ins]t$1 9 fac-simile ( ! type1 or 9 ord9>y script h&2 or else ! "p want+ may be photograph$ or heliotyp$ by ! be/ mod]n process f a duplicate copy ( ! book4 #c4 ,if ! book is ( v rec5t issue1 ! publi%]s may furni% a signature or %eet :i* w\ld make good ! defici5cy1 f ! imp]fections left 9 ! b9d]y1 aft] mak+ up ! edition ( ! "w4 ,9 mo/ cases1 ! la/ nam$ means ( replacem5t w n be f\nd available4 ,! fir/1 or buy+ a fre% copy1 may entail a great] exp5se ?an ! libr>y au?orities w\ld deem prop] at ! "t1 & x might be pref]r$ to cont9ue ! book 9 use1 ) a slight imp]fection4 ,! second me?od1 m or less tr\blesome accord+ to circum/ances1 or ! ext5t ( ! matt] to be copi$ is sometimes ! mo/ economical4 ,( c\rse1 x is subject to ! drawback ( n be+1 :5 done1 a bona fide or g5u9e copy ( ! book z publi%$4 ,?is dim9i%es ! comm]cial value ( ev5 ! r>e/ book1 al?\gh s fully re/or$ z to text t ! read] has x all be=e him1 s t x supplies e requisite ( a p]fect copy = ! purposes ( a public libr>y1 or a private own] :o is n a connoisseur 9 books4 ,:5 ! corn]s ( a book are f\nd to be brok5 7z (t5 happ5s by fall+ to ! floor or sev]e h&l+7 ! book may be re/or$ by a treatm5t :i* w give x new lea!r corn]s4 ,) pa/e or glue well rubb$ 91 apply ?ick br[n pap] on ! corn]s1 :i*1 :5 dry1 w be z h>d z desir$1 & ready to receive ! lea!r4 ,!n ! sides may be cov]$ ) m>bl$ pap] or clo?1 & ! volume is re/or$4 ,:5 ! back ( a book becomes loose1 ! rem$y is to take x out ( ! cov]1 re-sew x1 & glue x firmly into ! =m] back4 ,?is w ( c\rse r5d] ! back ( ! volume m rigid1 b1 9 comp5sation1 x w be m durable4 ,9 ^! cases ( loose or brok5 backs1 ! /udy %\ld be to save ! lea!r cov] & ! bo>ds or sides ( ! book intact1 s z to dim9i% by m ?an "o-half ! co/ ( repair4 ,z ! volume _c be re/or$ to a solid & safe condition )\t be+ re-sew$1 x may be c>efully sep>at$ f ! cov] by cutt+ ! cords or b&s at _! junction ) ! bo>ds1 !n sl[ly /ripp+ ! book out ( its cov]1 little by little1 & treat+ ! %eets :5 sep>at$ z already indicat$ 9 ! *apt] on reb9d+4 ,"o ( ! mo/ common defacem5ts :i* libr>y books und]go is m>k+ up ! m>g9s ) comm5ts or ref]5ces 9 p5cil4 ,( c\rse no ?\ghtful read] w\ld be guilty ( ?is practice1 b ?\ghtless read]s are (t5 9 ! majority1 & ! books !y read or fancy t !y read1 get su* silly comm5t>ies on ! m>g9s z ^!3 beautiful1 v sad1 p]fectly spl5did1 ,i ?9k ,becky is horrid1 or1 ?is book ends badly4 ,su* vile practices or defacem5ts are n always traceable to ! true (f5d]1 especially 9 a circulat+ libr>y1 :]e ! h\rs are s busy z to prev5t ! libr>ian f look+ ?r\gh ! volumes z !y come 9 f ! read]s4 ,b if detect$1 z !y may be aft] a few trials ( suspect$ p>ties1 by giv+ !m out books kn[n to be clean & free f p5cil m>ks :5 issu$ to !m1 ! read] %\ld be requir$ always to rub out 8 own m>ks1 z a :olesome object-lesson = ! future4 ,! same c\rse %\ld be pursu$ ) any read] detect$ 9 scribbl+ on ! m>g9 ( any book :i* is be+ read )9 ! libr>y4 ,incorrigible cases1 am\nt+ to malici\s m>k+ up ( books1 %\ld be visit$ by sev]e p5alties--ev5 to ! d5ial ( fur!r libr>y privileges to ! (f5d]4 ,n long ago1 ,i b\ght at an auction sale a copy ( ! fir/ edition ( ,t5nyson's ,9 ,memoriam1 :i* 0 f\nd on receipt to be defac$ by m>k+ doz5s ( v]ses 9 ! m>g9 ) black l9es drawn along !m1 absolutely ) p5 & ink6 ,! own] ( t book1 :o did ! ru?less de$1 nev] reflect$ t x might fall into h&s :]e 8 indelible folly w\ld be %>ply d5\nc$4 ,! libr>ian or assi/ant libr>ian :o w in/9ctively rub out all p5cil m>ks obs]v$ 9 a libr>y book des]ves well ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,x is "t well sp5t4 ,! writ+ on book-m>g9s is s common a practice1 & s de/ructive ( ! com=t & satisfaction :i* read]s ( ta/e %\ld f9d 9 _! p]usal ( books1 t no legitimate means ( arre/+ x or repair+ x %\ld be neglect$4 ,9 a public libr>y 9 ,massa*usetts1 a "y woman ( eighte5 :o 0 detect$ z hav+ m>k$ a libr>y copy ( ,middlem>* ) gu%+ effusions1 0 requir$ to read ! /atute prescrib+ f9e & imprisonm5t = su* (f5ses1 ) v te>ful effect1 & und\bt$ly ) a :olesome & p]man5t improvem5t 9 h] relations to books & libr>ies4 ,9 "s libr>ies1 a w>n+ notice is po/$ up l ?is3 ,read]s f9d+ a book injur$ or defac$1 are requir$ to report x at once to ! libr>ian1 o!rwise !y w be held responsible = ! damage done4 ,?is rule1 :ile its object is highly comm5dable1 may lead 9 practice to inju/ice to "s read]s4 ,s long z ! read] uses ! book inside ( ! libr>y walls1 he %\ld ( c\rse report su* defects z meet 8 eye 9 read+1 :e!r miss+ pages1 plates1 or maps1 or s]i\s int]nal soil+1 torn leaves1 etc4 ,b 9 ! case ( draw+ out books = home read+1 ! rule might emb>rass any read]1 h[ev] well dispos$1 if too /rictly con/ru$4 ,a read] f9d+ any s]i\s defect 9 a libr>y volume us$ at home1 %\ld simply place a m>k or slip 9 ! prop] place ) ! ^w damag$1 or defective writt5 on x4 ,!n1 on return+ ! book to ! libr>y1 8 simple /atem5t ( f9d+ x damag$ or defective :5 he came to read x %\ld be accept$ by ! libr>ian z exon]at+ him f blame = any damage4 ,& ?is gives po9t to ! importance ( exam9+ e book1 at lea/ by cursory inspection1 be=e x is h&$ out = use4 ,a volume c be run ?r\gh quickly by a practic$ h&1 s z to %[ 9 a mom5t or two any leaves />t$ or torn1 or1 usually1 any o!r important injury4 ,if any su* is f\nd1 ! volume %\ld "u no circum/ances be giv5 out1 b at once subject$ to repair or re/oration4 ,?is degree ( c>e w n only save ! books ( ! libr>y f rapid det]ioration1 b w also save ! feel+s ( read]s1 :o might be anxi\s le/ !y be unju/ly *>g$ ) damag+ :ile 9 _! h&s4 ,! treatm5t ( _! imp]fect books 7:i* t5d p]petually to accumulate7 is v diff]5t 9 diff]5t libr>ies4 ,"s libr>ies1 :]e funds are ample en\gh to enable !m to d x1 condemn any book t has s mu* z a s5t5ce torn out1 & replace x on ! %elves ) a new copy4 ,! imp]fect volumes are sold = wa/e pap]1 or put into "s sale ( duplicate books1 m>k$ z imp]fect1 ) note ( ! damage ^u a slip ins]t$ at ! prop] place 9 ! book1 & also 9 ! catalogue1 if sold at auction or 9 a pr9t$ li/ ( duplicates (f]$ by ! libr>y4 ,?is notice ( :at imp]fection exi/s is necess>y1 s t no incauti\s pur*as] may ?9k t he is secur+ a p]fect copy ( ! "w4 ,o!r libr>ies n bless$ ) means to pursue ?is c\rse1 d z be/ !y c af=d1 supply+ :at is defici5t :5 possible )\t mu* co/ ( "t or money1 or else cont9u+ ! damag$ book 9 use ) all its imp]fections on its head4 ,! loss ( a s+le plate does n de/roy ! value ( ! book = read]s1 h[ev] to be regrett$ z dim9i%+ ! satisfaction to be d]iv$ f ! volume4 ,& "o c sometimes p>don ! loss ( a "p ( a page 9 a mutilat$ book1 especially :5 he is made aw>e ( ! fact t ! libr>y :i* welcomes him to ! free enjoym5t ( its treasures _c well af=d to buy ano!r4 ,x is di%e>t5+ to read1 9 an annual report ( a public libr>y ( circulation 9 ,massa*usetts1 t _m ( its popul> books are s soil$ & defac$1 aft] a few read+s1 z to be unfit = fur!r s]vice2 t books ( poetry are despoil$ by ! scissors to save tr\ble ( copy+ v]ses want$2 t plates are (t5 ab/ract$1 & t _m magaz9es seem to be tak5 f ! libr>y = no o!r reason ?an t private scrap-books may be enri*$ or re/less *ildr5 amus$4 ,! only rem$y sugge/$ is to exam9e ea* book be=e aga9 giv+ x out1 &1 if return$ defac$1 to hold ! borr[] responsible4 ,! art ( clean+ books t are /a9$ or dirty1 is a matt] n widely kn[n1 & 9 ?is c\ntry !re are few exp]ts at x4 ,"s ( ^! keep closely gu>d$ ! me?ods !y use to cleanse a book4 ,comp>atively few libr>ies avail !mselves ( ! practice ( wa%+ _! soil$ volumes1 z ! process is too exp5sive = mo/ ( !m1 & s !y are accu/om$ to let ! libr>y books rema9 9 use & re-issue !m aga9 & aga91 until !y become s fil?y z to be q unfit to be se5--mu* less h&l$ by any read]4 ,b !re are (t5 valuable or r>e works :i* h su/a9$ int]ior injury1 & :i* x is desir$ to re/ore to a clean condition4 ,! be/ me?od is to take ! book ap>t z ! fir/ /ep4 ,:5 sep>at$ into %eets1 ^? leaves :i* are m]ely dirty %\ld be plac$ 9 a ba? compos$ ( ab\t f\r ounces ( *loride ( lime1 dissolv$ 9 a qu>t ( wat]4 ,!y %\ld soak until all /a9s are remov$1 & ! pap] is re/or$ to its prop] color4 ,!n ! pages %\ld be wa%$ 9 cold wat]--runn+ wat] is pref]able--& all[$ to soak ab\t six h\rs4 ,?is removes all traces ( ! lime1 :i* w\ld o!rwise t5d to rot or injure ! book4 ,aft] ?is1 ! %eets are to be siz$1 i4 e41 dipp$ 9 a ba? ( size & wat]1 & laid out to dry4 ,?is process gives firmness & consi/5cy to ! pap]1 :i* w\ld o!rwise rema9 too s(t to h&le4 ,! %eets %\ld be press$ a few h\rs betwe5 glaz$ pa/e-bo>ds1 z us$ 9 pr9t+ (fices4 ,a *eap & simple size = ?is purpose may be made by mix+ :ite gelat9e ) wat]1 & ?is may be kept 9 a bottle1 s z to be always conv5i5tly at h&4 ,! art ( re/or+ & r5d]+ fit = h&l+ books & r>e e>ly pamphlets by siz+ all ! leaves is 9 con/ant use 9 ,europe4 ,by ?is means1 & by piec+ out m>g9s1 ! mo/ rott5 pap]1 ready to drop ap>t 9 turn+ ! leaves1 may be re/or$ to use1 if n q to its pri/9e condition4 ,ink-spots or mildew /a9s may be :olly remov$1 :5 fre%ly made1 by apply+ a solution ( oxalic or citric acid1 & !n wa%+ ! leaf ) a wet sponge4 ,x is m effectual to foll[ ! ba? ( oxalic acid by apply+ a solution ( "o "p hydro*loric acid to six p>ts ( wat]1 aft] :i* ba! 9 cold wat]1 & dry sl[ly4 ,or an infusion ( hypo*lorite ( pota% 9 twice its volume ( wat] may be us$ in/ead ( ! prec$+4 ,if a lea!r-b\nd book has grease on its cov]1 x c be remov$ by scrap+ ,fr5* *alk or magnesia ov] ! place1 & iron+ ) a w>m 7n hot7 iron4 ,a simpl] me?od is to apply b5z9e to ! grease spots1 7:i* dissolves ! fatty mat]ial7 & !n dry ! spot quickly ) a f9e clo?4 ,?is op]ation may be repeat$1 if n effectual at ! fir/ trial4 ,! same me?od ( apply+ b5z9e to oily spots ^u plates or engrav+s1 w remove ! /a9s4 ,ink-/a9s may also be tak5 (f f ! lea!r cov]s ( books b\nd 9 calf or morocco by ! use ( oxalic acid4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 fir/ to try ! acid on a piece ( simil> lea!r or on a disc>d$ book ( ! same color4 ,if ! lea!r is discolor$ aft] remov+ ! black spot1 "o may apply1 aft] tak+ out ! traces ( oxalic acid by "s alkali1 a color+ matt] simil> to ! t9t ( ! lea!r4 ,spots or /a9s ( grease or oil are (t5 f\nd 9 books4 ,!y may be :olly remov$ by apply+ c>bonate ( magnesia on bo? sides ( ! leaf /a9$1 back$ by pap]1 & press+ ) a hot iron1 aft] :i* ! %eets %\ld be wa%$ & left "u pressure ov] night4 ,ano!r me?od is to dilute spirits ( salts ) five times its bulk ( wat]1 !n let ! /a9$ leaves lie 9 ! liquid f\r m9utes1 aft] :i* !y are to be wa%$4 ,/ill ano!r me?od is to make a mixture ( "o p\nd ( soap1 half a p\nd ( clay & two ounces ( lime1 dissolv$ 9 wat] to a prop] consi/5cy2 apply x to ! spots2 fifte5 m9utes aft]1 dip ! leaf 9 a ba? ( w>m wat] = half an h\r1 aft] :i* dry & press until smoo?4 ,/a9s left by mud on ! leaves ( a book 7a n uncommon fate ( volumes fall+ 9 a wet /reet7 c be remov$ ?us3 spread ov] ! spots a jelly compos$ ( :ite soap & wat]1 lett+ x rema9 ab\t half an h\r4 ,!n dip ! leaf 9 cle> wat]1 & remove ! soap ) a f9e sponge dipp$ 9 w>m wat]2 all ! mud /a9s w disappe> at ! same "t4 ,to remove ! la/ traces ( ! soap1 dip a second "t 9 cle> wat]1 place ! leaf betwe5 two %eets ( blott+ pap]1 & dry sl[ly 9 a cool & %ady place4 ,! same process1 ( wa%+ 9 soap & wat]1 w remove :at are d\btless ! mo/ common ( all ! soil+s t libr>y books und]go1 namely1 ! soil t comes f ! dirty h&s & f+]s ( read]s4 ,x is sometimes necess>y to color ! %eets t h be5 wa%$ :ite1 s z to correspond 9 t9t ) ! re/ ( ! volume1 :i* has n ne$$ t treatm5t4 ,an infusion ( *eap tobacco leaves1 or a ba? ( br[n /\t w effect ?is4 ,9 all ^! me?ods ( remov+ soil f ! pages ( books1 x is absolutely necess>y to give att5tion to ?or\gh wa%+ aft] ! *emicals are us$4 ,o!rwise !re w rema9 an elem5t ( de/ruction :i* w soon] or lat] spoil ! book1 to re/ore :i* s mu* pa9s may h be5 exp5d$4 ,& "o c readily le>n h[ to re/ore a valuable book by ^! me?ods4 ,he %\ld1 h[ev]1 fir/ practice on ! re/oration ( a volume ( little wor?--& v5ture ^u ! treatm5t ( a preci\s volume only aft] practice has made him an exp]t4 ,to re/ore a fre%] look to volumes ^: b9d+s are mu* rubb$ or scuff$ z x is sometimes call$1 "o may spread ov] _! surface a little wet />* pretty ?ick1 ) a little alum add$1 appli$ ) an old lea!r glove4 ,) ?is ! back ( ! book1 & ! sides & edges ( ! bo>ds %\ld be sm>tly rubb$1 aft] :i*1 ) a f9e rag rub (f ! ?ick] "p ( ! />*1 & ! book w pres5t a mu* bright] appe>ance1 besides be+ rid ( du/ & soil4 ,!re w rema9 on ! volume a v slight deposit ( gelat9e or glut52 be=e x dries completely1 ! palm ( ! h& may be pass$ ov] x at all po9ts1 & ! lea!r1 :i* may h assum$ a dull color f ! />*1 w resume a bright br[n or o!r t9t4 ,if ?is fails to appe>1 a bit ( flannel1 impregnat$ ) a few drops ( v>ni%1 %\ld be rubb$ ov] ! lea!r1 & :5 ne>ly dry1 rub ) a :ite rag slightly t\*$ ) olive oil1 & a brilliant appe>ance w be giv5 to ! b9d+4 ,:5 leaves are />t$1 or a signature becomes loose 9 any volume1 x %\ld be at once )drawn f circulation1 or ! loss ( an important "p ( ! book may result4 ,! rem$y commonly resort$ to1 ( pat*+ up ! book by pa/+ 9 ! loose leaves1 is a m]e make%ift :i* w n la/4 ,! cause ( a loose signature is g5]ally to be f\nd 9 a brok5 ?read 9 ! sew+1 & ! only p]man5t cure is to take ! book out ( its cov]1 & re-sew x1 :5 x may usually be re-ins]t$ 9 ! same b9d+4 ,?is is = clo?-b\nd books4 ,:5 b\nd 9 lea!r1 x is be/ to take out ! loose %eet1 ov]ca/ x1 t is1 secure all ! leaves by sew+1 !n c>efully lay "s pa/e along ! out] edge or back ( ! %eet1 ins]t ! %eet 9 its place1 press+ x firmly ) a pap] knife along ! middle ( ! %eet1 & ! volume w be re/or$ ready = use aft] a few days dry+ "u weight4 ,on occasion ( a fire next to ! ,m]cantile ,libr>y rooms 9 ,philadelphia1 9 #ahgg1 great damage 0 done1 f wat] ?r[n by ! fire-eng9es1 to _m ?\s&s ( books4 ,! libr>y au?orities tri$ v>i\s me?ods ( re/or+ ! volumes1 & among o!rs1 dry+ !m 9 ov5s 0 resort$ to4 ,?is 0 f\nd1 h[ev]1 to dry ! books s rapidly1 t ! b9d+s crack$1 & 9 _m cases came (f1 :ile _m volumes 7 mu* w>p$4 ,! mo/ advantage\s me?od t 0 adopt$ 0 to prep>e a l>ge numb] ( frames on :i* _m wires 7 /rung horizontally across a l>ge room4 ,! wet books 7_m ( :i* 7 soak$ ?r\gh7 7 susp5d$ on ^! wires 9 su* a way z to dry !m by degrees1 ! temp]ature ( ! room be+ rais$ consid]ably by furnace heat4 ,! condition 9 :i* ! books 7 f\nd aft] ! wett+ v>i$ greatly4 ,ne>ly all t 7 pr9t$ on s(t pap] 7 wet ?r\gh1 :ile ^? next to !m pr9t$ on ?ick pap]1 & ) solid lea!r b9d+s1 7 sc>cely damag$ at all4 ,! wat] /a9s con/itut$ ! mo/ s]i\s injury to ! volumes1 & multitudes ( f9e books t 7 wet w always be> ! m>ks ( ! /a94 ,"s ( ! m co/ly books 7 re/or$ by tak+ !m ap>t1 wa%+ !m ?or\ghly1 !n plac+ !m 9 a heat$ press1 & dry+ !m1 s t ! wat]-/a9s 7 remov$4 ,all ! books1 h[ev] diff]5t ! degree ( damage f ! wat]1 reta9$ _! legibility1 & 7 put to ! same uses 9 ! libr>y z be=e ! fire occurr$4 ,none 7 burn$1 ! actual fire be+ conf9$ to ! neighbor+ build+s ( ! block 9 ! mid/ ( :i* ! libr>y 0 un=tunately locat$4 ,! :ole numb] ( volumes damag$ 0 ab\t #ee1jjj1 & ! insurance1 :i* 0 assess$ by ref]ees at ! am\nt ( #db1jjj1 w\ld ne>ly h replac$ ! books by new ones4 ,_m ( ! volumes _h to be reb\nd z ! damage by wett+ ! glue & pa/e :i* are su* important elem5ts 9 b9d+ securely1 l$ to ! fall+ ap>t ( ! cov]s4 ,!re are multitudes ( books re/or$ by "s "o ( ! processes :i* h be5 +5i\sly contriv$ to make an old book z good z new1 or an imp]fect volume p]fect4 ,! art ( reproduc+ 9 facsimile1 by m]e manual dext]ity ) ! p51 lett]s1 words1 & :ole pages1 has be5 c>ri$ to a high degree ( p]fection1 notably 9 ,london4 ,a celebrat$ book re/or] nam$ ,h>ris1 ga9$ a great reputation among book lov]s & libr>ians by 8 consummate skill 9 ! reproduction ( ! text ( black-lett] r>ities & e>ly-pr9t$ books ( e k9d4 ,to su* p]fection did he c>ry ! art ( imitat+ an orig9al t 9 _m cases "o c\ld n di/+ui% ! orig9al f ! imitation1 & ev5 exp]ts h ann\nc$ a ,h>ris facsimile 9 a ,%akespe>e folio to be ! pr9t$ orig9al4 ,! art has ev5 be5 ext5d$ to engrav+s1 ) su* success t ! fam\s ,droe%\t portrait ( ,%akespe>e1 :i* illu/rates ! title-page ( ! fir/ folio ( #afbc1 has be5 multipli$ 9 p5-made facsimile1 s z to deceive ! mo/ c>eful scrut9y4 ,?is nice & difficult art is n widely pursu$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 ?\gh !re are "s exp]ts among ,new ,york & ,philadelphia book-b9d]s1 :o practice x4 ,! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y has a corps ( work]s engag$ 9 ! re/oration bo? ( books & ( manuscripts 7z well z engrav+s7 :o are m5 ( ! highe/ tra9+ & skill4 ,! process is necess>ily q exp5sive1 because ( ! "t requir$ & ( ! small numb] ( compet+ arti/s 9 ?is field4 ,x is *iefly conf9$ to ! re/oration ( imp]fect copies ( e>ly pr9t$ & r>e books1 :i* are s frequ5tly f\nd 9 imp]fect condition1 (t5 want+ title-pages or ! f9al leaves1 or p>ts ( pages 9 any "p ( ! volume4 ,s co/ly1 inde$1 is ?is skilful h&-re/oration ( imp]fect books1 t x has be5 a great boon to ! collectors ( libr>ies & r>e works1 to see ! arts ( photography s develop$ 9 rec5t ye>s1 z to reproduce ) almo/ exact fidelity pr9t$ matt] ( any k9d f ! pages ( books4 ,! co/ ( su* facsimiles ( c\rse v>ies ) ! locality1 ! "w1 ! skill1 or ! competition involv$4 ,b x may be said 9 g5]al t ! av]age co/ ( book-page facsimiles by photographic process ne$ n exce$ "o doll> a page4 ,an entire edition ( ! ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica has be5 pr9t$ f plates made 9 replica f photographs ( ! orig9al text ( ! ,ed9burgh edition4 ,! reproduction 9 ?is case c h>dly be comm5d$1 z x is try+ to ! eyes to read1 :5 comp>$ ) ! orig9al1 pres5t+ a some:at blurr$ & irregul> aspect to ! eyes4 ,x is v difficult to lay d[n rules :i* %all be effective 9 *eck+ ! abuse ( books :i* compels ex]cise ( ! means ( re/oration4 ,writ+ ^u m>g9s 7already ref]r$ to7 may sometimes be *eck$ by putt+ a pr9t$ slip 9 e libr>y book be>+ ! w>n+--,nev] write 9 a libr>y book4 ,to ?is may be add$--,nev] turn d[n leaves1 an equally important injunction4 ,inde$1 a :ole li/ ( ,dont's might be ins]t$1 b = ! *ance t too _m w>n+s might op]ate to w>n (f a read] f absorb+ any ( !m4 ,?us-- ,don't soil any book ,don't write on m>g9s ,don't turn d[n leaves ,don't lay a book on its face op5 ,don't wet f+]s to turn leaves ,don't fail to use ! book-m>k ,don't read ) unclean h&s4 ,z a loose slip is liable to fall out1 "s su* rem9d] %\ld be pa/$ into ! fly-leaf ( e book1 next ! book-plate4 ,a self-respect+ read] w g5]ally he$ su* h9ts1 :i* a mom5t's reflection w tea* him are meant to pres]ve ! libr>y book clean & pres5table = 8 own use1 z well z = t ( o!rs4 ,b !re w always be "s rude1 boori% p :o w p]si/ 9 _! brutal & de/ructive treatm5t ( books1 9 ! face ( :atev] w>n+s4 ,h[ to deal ) su* unwelcome p]sons is an ev]-pres5t problem ) ! libr>ian4 ,if su/a9$ by ! o!r libr>y au?orities1 a really effectual rem$y is to d5y ! fur!r use ( ! libr>y to any (f5d] cle>ly prov5 to h subject$ libr>y books to damage :ile 9 8 h&s4 ,"s libr>ians g s f> z to po/ ! names ( su* (f5d]s 9 ! libr>y hall1 /at+ t !y are d5i$ ! privileges ( ! libr>y by ! au?orities1 = mutilat+ books4 ,9 any case1 great c>e mu/ be tak5 to h ! cle>e/ pro(1 be=e proce$+ to fa/5 ! (f5se ^u a p>ticul> individual4 ,?is involves1 :]e ! injury is n committ$ 9 ! pres5ce ( any libr>y (fic]1 s z to be obs]v$1 b has be5 done :ile ! book 0 drawn out1 an exam9ation ( ea* volume be=e giv+ x out4 ,if ?is rule 7 to be obs]v$ z to all1 x w\ld entail an exp5se t few libr>ies c\ld af=d4 ,9 a l>ge circulat+ libr>y 9 a city1 x might require ! entire "t ( two assi/ants to collate ! books be=e re-issu+ !m4 ,! circum/ances ( ea* libr>y mu/ det]m9e h[ to deal ) ?is matt]4 ,probably ! majority w limit ! close exam9ation ( books be=e giv+ !m out1 to cases :]e !re is reason to suspect wilful cont9u$ soil+1 scribbl+1 or dog's-e>+4 ,a few su* cases once detect$ & dealt ) w h a mo/ salut>y re/ra9+ influ5ce ^u o!rs1 especially if re-en=c$ by frequ5t & judici\s p>agraphs 9 ! local press1 sett+ =? ! (f5se & ! rem$y4 ,b all 9 va9 w be ! endeavor to abate ^! defacem5ts & consequ5t wa/e ( ! libr>y books1 unless x is en=c$ by a positive law1 ) p5al provisions1 to puni% (f5d]s :o mutilate or deface books t are public prop]ty4 ,a good model ( su* a /atute is ! foll[+1 slightly abridg$ z to v]biage1 f an act ( ,congress1 ( :i* we procur$ ! enactm5t 9 ! ye> #ahgh3 ,any p]son :o /eals1 defaces1 injures1 mutilates1 te>s1 or de/roys any book1 pamphlet1 "w ( art1 or manuscript1 belong+ to any public libr>y1 or to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 %all be f9$ t5 doll>s to "o hundr$ doll>s1 & puni%$ by imprisonm5t f "o to twelve mon?s1 = e su* (f5se4 ,?is act w be f\nd 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,/atutes at ,l>ge1 ,vol4 #bj1 p4 #aga4 ,x w\ld be well if ! t]m p]iodical 7 add$ to ! li/ ( objects to be protect$1 to avoid all risk ( a failure to puni% ! mutilation ( newspap]s & magaz9es1 by plead+ te*nical po9ts1 ( :i* lawy]s are prone to avail !mselves 9 aid+ (f5d]s to escape conviction4 ,x w be obs]v$1 t ! ^w deface1 employ$ 9 ?is /atute1 actually cov]s ! m>k+ ( m>g9s by any read]1 all su* m>k+ con/itut+ a defacem5t )9 ! mean+ ( ! law4 ,:ile ! great multitude ( read]s :o frequ5t our public libr>ies are hone/ & tru/wor?y1 !re are always "s :o are conspicu\sly ! rev]se4 ,x is r>ely safe 9 a l>ge public libr>y to admit read]s to ! %elves1 )\t ! company or ! surveillance ( an att5dant4 ,& x is n alone ! uncultivat$ read] :o _c be tru/$2 ! exp]i5ce ( libr>ians is almo/ uni=m to ! effect t lit]>y m51 & special s*ol>s1 z well z ! collectors ( r>e books1 are among ^? :o wat* ! opportunity to purlo9 :at !y wi% to save !mselves ! co/ ( buy+4 ,sometimes1 y may f9d y\r mo/ valuable "w on co9s mutilat$ by ! ab/raction ( a plate1 c>ri$ (f by "s /ud5t ( numismatics4 ,sometimes1 y may discov] a f9e picture or portrait ab/ract$ f a book by "s lov] ( art or collector ( portraits4 ,aga91 y may be horrifi$ by f9d+ a :ole s]mon torn out ( a volume ( !ology by a !ological /ud5t or ev5 a cl]gyman4 ,all ^! ?+s h happ5$1 & are liable to happ5 aga94 ,no libr>y is safe t is n closely wat*$ & gu>d$4 ,9 ! ,a/or libr>y a lit]>y man actually tore out sixty pages ( ! ,revue de ,p>is1 & add$ to ! !ft ! fraud ( plagi>ism1 by translat+ f ! /ol5 leaves an article :i* he sold to ,appleton's ,j\rnal z an orig9al production6 ,9 ?is case1 ! culprit1 ?\gh detect$1 c\ld n be puni%$1 ! law ( ,new ,york requir+ ! po/+ 9 ! libr>y ( ! /atute prohibit+ mutilation or o!r injury to ! books1 & ?is po/+ _h n be5 done4 ,! law has s9ce be5 am5d$1 to make ! p5alties absolute & unconditional4 ,9 ! ,a/or ,libr>y1 ov] six hundr$ volumes 7 discov]$ to h be5 mutilat$1 includ+ art works1 ,pat5t (fice reports1 magaz9es1 newspap]s1 & ev5 encyclopa$ias4 ,! books /ol5 f t libr>y _h be5 _m1 until sev]al exposures & puni%m5t ( ?ieves inspir$ a :olesome dread ( a simil> fate4 ,at a meet+ ( ! ,am]ican ,libr>y ,association1 "o memb] inquir$ :e!r !re 0 any effectual way to prev5t ! ab/raction ( books4 ,he 0 answ]$ by ano!r libr>ian 7f ,c9c9nati7 :o repli$ t he knew ( only "o effectual me?od1 & t 0 to keep a man /&+ ov] ea* book ) a club4 ,( c\rse ?is 0 a humor\s p>adox1 n to be tak5 lit]ally1 b x po9ts a moral4 ,s]i\sly1 h[ev]1 ! evil may be greatly curtail$1 7?\gh we may be hopeless ( absolute prev5tion7 by adopt+ ! precautions already ref]r$ to4 ,9 ! ,libr>y ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 a great libr>y ( ref]5ce1 f :i* no book is p]mitt$ to be tak5 "u any circum/ances1 ! evil ( mutilation 0 mu* r$uc$ by prosecut+ & po/+ ! (f5d]s publicly4 ,aft] a few ye>s1 ! obnoxi\s practice _h s f> ceas$1 t ! plac>ds1 hav+ an unpleasant aspect1 7 tak5 d[n4 ,b on r5ewal ( su* depr$ations & defacem5ts ( books by read]s1 ! plac>ds 7 r5ew$1 & "s ( ! mutilat$ books1 suitably labell$1 7 po/$ 9 ! great read+ room be=e ! eyes ( all4 ,! au?orities ( ! ,briti% ,museum are conv9c$ ( ! salut>y effects ( su* w>n+s1 ?\gh books are sometimes /ol5 or mutilat$ "u ! lib]al managem5t :i* leaves sev]al ?\s& volumes op5 = ref]5ce1 )\t tickets4 ,! late ,dr4 ,wm4 ,f4 ,poole1 ! ,*icago libr>ian1 record$ 8 exp]i5ce 9 deal+ ) "s cl]gym51 :o1 said he1 seem to h z reg>ds books1 an imp]fect appreciation ( ! laws ( meum & tuum4 ,he _h f\nd m9i/]s m remiss 9 return+ books ?an any o!r class ( m54 ,he w\ld by no means reflect on a noble & sacr$ pr(ession by *>g+ ! d]elictions ( a few ^u ! _m4 ,b he _h _h unpleasant exp]i5ces ) m5 ( t pr(ession1 :o _h absolutely purlo9$ books f ! ,public ,libr>y1 remov$ ! book-plates & libr>y /amp1 & cov]$ ! volumes ) pap] c>efully pa/$ d[n inside ( ! cov]s4 ,a libr>ian 9 ,massa*usetts te/ifi$ t x 0 common exp]i5ce t cl]gym5 & pr(essional m5 gave ! mo/ tr\ble4 ,second-h& book-deal]s 9 ,bo/on _h f\nd a judge ( ! c\rt purlo9+ r>e pamphlets1 & m9i/]s mak+ away ) pamphlet s]mons "u _! coats4 ,)\t insi/+ "h ^u any su* ext5uations ( su* practices z ! preval5ce ( kleptomania1 x has be5 made abundantly manife/ t !ft & mutilation ( books are suffici5tly common to demon/rate ! weakness ( human nature1 & ! necessity ( e safegu>d :i* public libr>ies c provide aga9/ su* abuses ( _! treasures4 ,a ,bo/on libr>ian /at$ t ! ?ieves or mutilators ( books includ$ s*ool-boys1 cl]ks1 /ud5ts1 tea*]s1 soldi]s1 physicians1 lawy]s1 cl]gym51 etc4 ,9 only "o case 0 ! crime committ$ ?r\gh want or suff]+4 ,yet1 ?\gh ! (f5d]s _h be5 prov5 guilty 9 e in/ance1 only two cases 7 kn[n 9 :i* ! p5alty ( ! law _h be5 en=c$4 ,does n ?is bespeak laxity ( public morals 9 ,bo/on 9 reg>d to su* abuses ( libr>y prop]ty8 ,! ,union ,!ological ,sem9>y at ,new ,york record$ its exp]i5ce ) m9i/]s & !ological /ud5ts1 to ! effect t its libr>y _h lo/ m ?an a ?\s& volumes1 tak5 & n return$4 ,?is ( c\rse includ$ :at 7 *>g$ out1 b c\ld n be recov]$4 ,a libr>ian 9 ,auburn1 ,n4 ,y41 return+ f vacation1 f\nd t ! ,am]ican ,ar*itect1 an important illu/rat$ weekly1 _h be5 mutilat$ 9 sev5 diff]5t volumes1 & t #acj pages 9 all _h be5 /ol54 ,=tunately1 %e 0 able to trace ! read] :o _h be5 us+ ! "w1 & succe$$ 9 recov]+ ! ab/ract$ plates4 ,! (f5d] 0 prosecut$ to conviction1 & _h to pay a f9e ( fifty doll>s4 ,x (t5 happ5s t books :i* disappe> my/]i\sly f a public libr>y re-appe> q z my/]i\sly4 ,^? tak+ !m1 f9d+ t ! rules d n all[ c]ta9 books to leave ! libr>y1 make a law unto !mselves1 c>ry (f ! book want$1 keep x until read1 & !n return x surreptiti\sly1 by replac+ x on "s %elf or table1 :5 no "o is look+4 ,?is is :]e no int5tion ( /eal+ ! book exi/s1 & ! borr[] wilfully makes 8 own conv5i5ce ov]ride ! libr>y regulations1 9 ! belief t he w n be f\nd out4 ,! ,buffalo ,"y ,m5's ,libr>y report$ 9 "o ye> eighte5 illu/rat$ works on ! f9e arts1 res]v$ f be+ tak5 out by its by-laws1 z disappe>+ = weeks1 b br\ght back 9 ?is und]h&$ mann]4 ,9 o!r cases ( su* return1 x is likely t ! purpose 0 to keep ! book1 b t consci5ce or bett] ?\ghts1 or fe> ( detection prevail$1 & secur$ its return4 ,"s in/ances :]e l5i5cy has be5 ex]cis$ to save book ?ieves f p5alties may be in/ructive4 ,"o man :o _h c>ri$ (f & sold two volumes f ! ,a/or ,libr>y 0 trac$ & arre/$1 :5 he plead$ t absolute want _h driv5 him to ! act4 ,he _h a wife ill & />v+ at 8 home1 & ?is on inve/igation prov+ true1 he 0 p>don$ & sav$ fur!r mis]y4 ,9 ano!r case1 a poor ,g]man _h /ol5 a volume ( ! classics :i* he pawn$ = a small sum to get bread = himself1 be+ long out ( "w1 & 9 a condition bord]+ closely ^u />vation4 ,he 0 releas$1 ! book reclaim$1 & ! (f5d] turn$ ov] to ! ag5cies ( public *>ity4 ,a libr>ian ( ,new ,york gave x z 8 exp]i5ce t "s m9i/]s are n to be tru/$ any m ?an o!r p4 ,"s ( !m l to write _! op9ions on ! m>g9s ( ! books4 ,he f\nd "o ( ! libr>y books writt5 on 9 ?irty pages1 recogniz$ ! h&-writ+1 & wrote to ! rev]5d g5tleman ask+ an int]view4 ,he came1 admitt$ ! fact1 & said t 8 notes made ! book m valuable4 ,?is +5i\s excuse did n satisfy ! libr>ian1 :o said1 o!rs d n ?9k s1 sir2 s if y w get u a new book1 y may keep ! m valuable "o4 ,he soon br\ght 9 a new copy1 & ! matt] end$4 ,at ! ,new ,york ,m]cantile ,libr>y1 a "y lady1 amply able to buy all ! books %e c\ld want1 0 discov]$ go+ out ( ! libr>y ) "o book 9 h] h& :i* %e 0 entitl$ to1 x be+ *>g$1 & ) five o!rs hidd5 "u h] cloak1 )\t p]mission4 ,mr4 ,melvil ,dewey has truly said t x is v h>d to tell a libr>y ?ief at sight4 ,well-dress$1 g5tlemanly1 ev5 sanctimoni\s look+ m5 are among !m1 & ! wife ( a well-kn[n college pr(essor1 detect$ 9 purlo9+ books1 begg$ s h>d n to be expos$1 t %e 0 reluctantly p>don$1 & ev5 re/or$ to libr>y privileges4 ,a prom95t lawy] ( ,brooklyn1 ( di/+ui%$ appe>ance & f9e mann]s1 did n /eal books1 b 8 specialty 0 magaz9es & newspap]s1 :i* he c>ri$ (f frequ5tly4 ,be+ caught at x "o day1 & accus$ by ! libr>ian1 he put on an air ( dignity1 decl>$ he 0 insult$1 & walk$ out4 ,! libr>ian f\nd ! p]iodical he _h tak5 ?r[n d[n 9 ! entry1 & he nev] aft] frequ5t$ t libr>y4 ,x is curi\s & in/ructive to "k ! exp]i5ce ( "s libr>ies reg>d+ ! !ft or mutilation ( books4 ,?us1 9 ! public libr>y ( ,woburn1 ,mass41 a case ( mutilation occurr$ by ! cutt+ out ( a picture f ,drake's ,hi/oric ,fields & ,mansions ( ,middlesex ,c\nty4 ,on discov]y ( ! loss1 a rew>d ( #aj 0 (f]$ = in=mation lead+ to detection ( ! culprit4 ,?is 0 publi%$ 9 ! t[n pap]1 & an article 0 pr9t$ call+ att5tion to ^! libr>y !fts & abuses1 foll[$ by cit+ ! ,/ate law mak+ su* depr$ations a p5al (f5se4 ,)9 a week ! miss+ plate came back to ! libr>ian ?r\gh ! mail--anonym\sly ( c\rse1 ! p]son :o _h ab/ract$ x f9d+ t x 0 r an unsafe picture to keep or exhibit1 & s *oos+ to make 8 be/ policy hone/y1 ?\gh r t>dy 9 com+ to t wise conclusion4 ,?is exp]i5ce1 & o!rs "h cit$1 may s]ve z a h9t :at c\rse to pursue "u simil> circum/ances1 9 ! reclamation ( libr>y books4 ,9 ! ,libr>y ( ! ,london ,in/itution1 cont9u\s !fts ( valuable editions ( ! classics _h occurr$4 ,putt+ a detective 9 ! libr>y1 a "y man ( suspici\s demeanor 0 soon id5tifi$ z ! ?ief1 & 0 foll[$ & arre/$ 9 ! v act ( sell+ a libr>y book4 ,he prov$ to be a "y man ( good family1 education & previ\s good "*2 b ! libr>y _h suff]$ su* losses f 8 depr$ations1 t no m]cy 0 %[n1 & he receiv$ & und]w5t ! s5t5ce to two mon?s imprisonm5t4 ,x may be add$ z an in/ance ( me?ods avail$ ( 9 ,london to trace miss+ books1 t ! libr>ian1 kn[+ f ! vacancies on ! %elves :at books _h be5 ab/ract$1 pr9t$ a li/ ( !m1 s5t x to e second-h& book-deal] 9 ,london1 at ! same "t supply+ x to ! police1 :o circulate daily a li/ ( miss+ prop]ty among all ! pawn-brok]s' %ops 9 ! city1 & recov]$ all ! books )9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,! ,m]cantile ,libr>y ( ,philadelphia miss$ a numb] ( valuable books f its %elves1 & on a wat* be+ set1 a physician 9 ! mo/ respectable rank 9 society 0 detect$ z ! purlo9]1 & m ?an fifty volumes recov]$ f him4 ,a libr>y at ,lanca/]1 ,pa41 report$ ! almo/ incr$ible incid5t ( a ?ief hav+ hidd5 "u 8 coat1 & c>ri$ (f1 a ,web/]'s ,unabridg$ ,diction>y6 ,9 mo/ cases ( detect$ !ft or mutilation ( books1 /rong appeals are made by ! culprit or 8 fri5ds to save exposure by public prosecution4 ,^! are commonly1 9 ! case ( p]sons 9 v respectable circum/ances 9 life1 n s mu* to avoid pay+ f9es impos$ by law z to avoid ! disgrace atta*$ to publicity1 & ! consequ5t damage done to ! "* ( ! individual4 ,x is probably true t 9 a majority ( cases1 su* influ5ces h be5 /rong en\gh to ov]come ! det]m9ation ( ! libr>ian or libr>y au?orities to let ! law take its c\rse4 ,n[1 :ile x mu/ be admitt$ t !re is no rule )\t "s valid exception t may be made1 x is nev]!less to be insi/$ ^u t due protection to public prop]ty 9 libr>ies dem&s ! en=cem5t ( ! laws enact$ to t end4 ,! consequ5ce ( l5i5cy to ! majority ( book ?ieves w\ld be n only an indirect enc\ragem5t to ! culprits to cont9ue _! depr$ations1 b x w\ld also lead to a lax & dang]\s notion ( ! obligations ( read]s1 & ! sacr$ness ( su* prop]ty1 9 ! public m9d4 ,en=cem5t ( ! p5alties ( wrong-do+1 on ! o!r h&1 t5ds unque/ionably to det] o!rs1 bo? by ! fe> ( publicity :i* mu/ foll[ detection1 & by t]ror ( ! p5alty :i* is or may be imprisonm5t = a consid]able t]m1 besides ! impos+ ( a f9e4 ,at ! ,worce/]1 ,mass41 ,public ,libr>y1 a "y man ( tw5ty-two 0 detect$ 9 /eal+ a book1 oblig$ to confess1 & prosecut$4 ,mu* pressure 0 br\ght to be> by 8 family & fri5ds1 v respectable p1 to save him f ! p5alty4 ,! ,c\rt1 h[ev]1 impos$ a f9e ( ?irty doll>s1 & x be+ repres5t$ t 8 relatives w\ld h to pay ! am\nt1 ?\gh innoc5t p>ties1 ! judge susp5d$ ! s5t5ce until ! "y man %\ld pay x 9 in/alm5ts f 8 own e>n+s1 "o ( ! family giv+ bail4 ,! valuable lesson 0 9 ?is way n lo/1 ei!r to ! (f5d] or to ! community2 ! law 0 en=c$1 & ! "y man p]haps sav$ f a life ( wrong-do+1 :ile if he _h be5 let (f scot-free1 9 def]5ce to ! influ5ce ex]t$ to t end1 he might h gone f bad to worse4 ,at ! ,pratt ,in/itute ,free ,libr>y 9 ,brooklyn1 books _h be5 disappe>+ f ! ref]5ce dep>tm5t at int]vals ( ab\t a week1 & a wat* 0 in/itut$4 ,aft] "s weeks' fruitless wat*+1 a "y man :o came frequ5tly to consult books 0 s+l$ out z ! probable (f5d]1 & ! eyes ( ! libr>y /aff 7 c5t]$ ^u him4 ,! janitor wat*$ 8 movem5ts = "s days1 f a conceal$ po/ ( obs]vation1 z ! "y man walk$ back & =? betwe5 ! book /acks1 & "o day caught him 9 ! act ( slipp+ a book into 8 pocket1 & arre/$ him z he 0 leav+ ! build+4 ,he _h /ol5 a doz5 books f ! libr>y1 all b ?ree ( :i* 7 recov]$4 ,he claim$ to be a !ological /ud5t1 & t he _h tak5 ! books m]ely = ! purposes ( /udy4 ,mu* sympa?y 0 express$ = him by p :o believ$ t ?is 0 8 motive1 & t x 0 "s p>tial atonem5t = 8 (f5se4 ,! grief ( 8 relatives at 8 disgrace 0 int5se4 ,! ,c\rt s5t5c$ him to eight ye>s 9 ! p5it5ti>y1 b susp5d$ ! s5t5ce 9 view ( ! fact t x 0 a fir/ (f5se1 by a y\? ( tw5ty-"o ye>s4 ,he 0 put "u police surveillance = 8 good behavior 7equival5t to be+ p>ol$7 b ! s5t5ce becomes active ^u any fur!r transgression ( ! law on 8 "p4 ,x may be ga!r$ f ^! _m cases ( libr>y depr$ations1 t !y are v common1 t p]petual vigilance is ! price ( safety1 t puni%m5t 9 ne>ly all cases is wis] ?an p>don1 & t ! few exceptions made %\ld be mo/ly conf9$ to (f5d]s :o /eal books "u desp]ate necessity or actual want4 ,,*apt] #g4 ,,pamphlet ,,lit]ature4 ,:at is a pamphlet8 is a "q :i* is by no means capable ( be+ sci5tifically answ]$4 ,yet1 to ! libr>ian deal+ cont9ually ) a mass ( pamphlets1 books1 & p]iodicals1 x becomes important to def9e some:]e1 ! b\nd>y l9e betwe5 ! pamphlet & ! book4 ,! diction>ies w n aid u1 = !y all call ! pamphlet a few %eets ( pr9t$ pap] /it*$ toge!r1 b n b\nd4 ,suppose 7z (t5 happ5s7 t y b9d y\r pamphlet1 does x !n cease to be a pamphlet1 & become a book8 ,aga91 mo/ pamphlets n[ publi%$ are n /it*$ at all1 b /abb$ & wir$ to fa/5 ! leaves toge!r4 ,! orig9 ( ! ^w pamphlet1 is 9 great d\bt4 ,a plausible d]ivation is f two ,fr5* words1 paume1 & feuillet1 lit]ally a h&-leaf2 & ano!r d]ives ! ^w f a corruption ( ,lat9--papyrus1 pap]1 into pampilus1 or panfletus1 :5ce pamphlet4 ,! ^w is 9 ,%akespe>e3 ,come/ ?\ ) deep prem$itat$ l9es1 ,) writt5 pamphlets /udi\sly devis$8 ,b we also f9d pamphlets & bookys1 9 a "w pr9t$ by ,caxton 9 #adij1 a hundr$ ye>s be=e ,%akespe>e4 ,:atev] ! orig91 ! common acceptation ( ! ^w is pla91 signify+ a little book1 ?\gh :]e ! pamphlet ends1 & ! book beg9s1 is unc]ta94 ,! rule ( ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y calls e pr9t$ publication ( "o hundr$ pages or less1 a pamphlet4 ,?is is arbitr>y1 & s w\ld any o!r rule be4 ,z t libr>y b9ds its pamphlets sep>ately1 & c\nts !m 9 its aggregate ( volumes1 ! reason = any di/9ction 9 ! matt] is n pla94 ,"s ( ! gov]nm5t libr>ies 9 ,europe are greatly ov]rat$ num]ically by reckon+ pamphlets z volumes4 ,?us1 ! ,royal ,libr>y at ,muni*1 9 ,bav>ia1 has be5 rank$ f\r? among ! libr>ies ( ! _w1 claim+ ov] a million volumes1 b z x reckons e univ]sity !sis1 or discussion ( "s special topic by c&idates = degrees1 z a volume1 & has p]haps #djj1jjj ( ?is prolific class ( publications1 x is actually n s l>ge z "s ,am]ican libr>ies1 :i* c\nt _! pamphlets z di/9ct f books 9 _! returns4 ,! pamphlet1 or ?9 book1 or tract 7z "s pref] to call x7 is reckon$ by "s libr>ians z a nuisance1 & by o!rs z a treasure4 ,t x =ms r a tr\blesome asset 9 ! weal? ( a libr>y _c be d\bt$4 ,pamphlets tak5 s+ly1 w n /& ^u ! %elves2 !y w curl up1 become dogs-e>$1 accumulate du/1 & get 9 ! way ( ! books4 ,if kept 9 piles1 z is mo/ frequ5t1 x is v h>d to get at any "o t is want$ 9 ! mass4 ,!n x is object$ to !m1 t ! majority ( !m are wor?less1 t !y co/ altoge!r too mu* money1 & "t1 & pa9s1 to catalogue !m1 & t !y are useless if n catalogu$2 t if kept b\nd1 !y co/ ! libr>y a sum out ( all proportion to _! value2 t !y accumulate s rapidly 7mu* fa/]1 9 fact1 ?an books7 z to outrun ! means at ! disposal ( any libr>y to deal ) !m2 9 %ort1 t !y co/ m ?an !y come to1 if b\nd1 & if unb\nd1 !y vex ! s\l ( ! libr>ian day by day4 ,?is is "o side ( ! pamphlet "q2 & x may be c&idly admitt$1 t 9 mo/ libr>ies1 ! accumulation ( uncatalogu$ & unb\nd pamphlets is "o ( ! *ief among ^? arre>s :i* =m ! skeleton 9 ! closet ( ! libr>ian4 ,b !re is ano!r side to ! matt]4 ,x is always possible to divide y\r pamphlets into two classes--! important1 & ! insignificant4 ,"s ( !m h great hi/orical1 or economic1 or intellectual value2 o!rs are z ne>ly wor?less z x is possible = any pr9t$ matt] to be4 ,:y %\ld y treat a pamphlet ^u ,pe>s's soap1 or a quack m$ic9e1 or adv]tis+ ! ,columbia bicycle1 ) ! same att5tion :i* y w\ld naturally give to an essay on int]national politics by ,glad/one1 or a review ( ! ,cuban "q by a prom95t ,spani>d1 or a tract on ,*9ese immigration by ,m9i/] ,sew>d1 or ! pamphlet g5ealogy ( an ,am]ican family8 ,take out ( ! mass ( pamphlets1 z !y come 91 :at appe> to y ! m valuable1 or ! m liable to be call$ =2 catalogue & b9d !m1 or file !m away1 accord+ to ! use :i* !y are likely to h3 relegate ! re/1 assort$ always by subject-matt]s or classes1 to m>k$ piles1 or to pamphlet cases1 accord+ to y\r means2 & ! problem is approximately solv$4 ,to condemn any pamphlet to innocu\s desuetude1 or to p]man5t bani%m5t f among ! intellectual /ores ( a libr>y1 m]ely because x is innoc5t ( a /iff cov]1 is to despoil ! temple ( le>n+ & reject ! good ?+s ( ,provid5ce4 ,:at great & influ5tial publications h appe>$ 9 ! _w 9 ! guise ( pamphlets6 ,milton's immortal ,areopagitica1 or ,plea = ,unlic5c$ ,pr9t+1 0 a pamphlet ( only =ty pages2 ,web/]'s spee* = ! ,union1 9 reply to ,hayne1 0 a pamphlet2 e play ( ,%akespe>e1 t 0 pr9t$ 9 8 life-"t1 0 a pamphlet2 ,*>les ,sumn]'s disc\rse on ,! ,true ,gr&eur ( ,nations 0 a pamphlet2 ! ,crisis & ,common ,s5se ( ,?omas ,pa9e1 :i* fir$ ! ,am]ican he>t 9 ! ,revolution1 7 pamphlets4 ,/rike out ( lit]ature1 anci5t & mod]n1 :at 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 pamphlets1 & y w\ld leave x ! poor] & weak] to an incalculable degree4 ,pamphlets are n only vehicles ( ?\ght & op9ion1 & propag&i/s ( new ideas2 !y are (t5 also /ore-h\ses ( facts1 repositories ( hi/ory1 annals ( biography1 records ( g5ealogy1 treasuries ( /ati/ics1 *ronicles ( inv5tion & discov]y4 ,!y sometimes ?r[ an unexpect$ light ^u obscure que/ions :]e all books are sil5t4 ,be+ publi%$ = ! mo/ "p ^u "s subject t 0 int]e/+ ! public m9d :5 writt51 !y reflect1 z 9 a mirror1 ! social1 political1 & religi\s _s & life ( ! "t4 ,z mu* z newspap]s1 !y illu/rate ! civilization 7or want ( x7 ( an epo*1 & multitudes ( !m1 pres]v$ 9 great libr>ies1 exhibit ?is at ^? e>ly p]iods :5 no newspap]s exi/$ z vehicles ( public op9ion4 ,_m ( ! gov]nm5t libr>ies ( ,europe h be5 buy+ up = _m ye>s pa/1 ! r>e1 e>ly-pr9t$ pamphlets ( _! respective c\ntries1 pay+ enorm\s prices = :at1 a c5tury ago1 !y w\ld h slight$1 ev5 z a gift4 ,:5 ,?omas ,c>lyle und]took to write ! life ( ,oliv] ,cromwell1 & to resurrect f ! du/-b9s ( two c5turies1 ! lett]s & spee*es ( ! great ,protector1 he f\nd 8 ri*e/ qu>ry 9 a collection ( pamphlets 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y4 ,an indefatigable patriot & booksell]1 nam$ ,?omason1 _h c>efully ga!r$ & kept e pamphlet1 book1 p]iodical1 or broadside t appe>$ f ! ,briti% press1 dur+ ! :ole "t f ,a4 ,d4 #afdi to #affj1 ! p]iod ( ! int]regnum 9 ! ,engli% mon>*y1 repres5t$ by ,cromwell & ! ,commonweal?4 ,?is va/ collection1 numb]+ ov] #bj1jjj pamphlets1 b\nd 9 #b1jjj volumes1 aft] escap+ ! p]ils ( fire1 & ( bo? ho/ile armies1 0 f9ally pur*as$ by ! ,k+1 & aft]w>d pres5t$ to ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y4 ,its complet5ess is "o great s\rce ( its value1 furni%+1 z x does1 to ! hi/orical /ud5t ( t exce$+ly int]e/+ revolution1 ! mo/ preci\s memorials ( ! _s ( ! times1 _m ( :i* h be5 utt]ly lo/1 except ! s+le copy pres]v$ 9 ?is collection4 ,sev]al great ,european libr>ies numb] z _m pamphlets z books 9 _! collections4 ,! pr9t$ catalogue ( ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y is widely s\ght by hi/orical /ud5ts1 because ( ! enorm\s am\nt ( pamphlet lit]ature x conta9s1 t is describ$ n[h]e else4 ,& ! ,libr>ian ( ! ,bo/on ,a!naeum said t "s read]s f\nd ! great int]e/ 9 8 catalogue ( t collection lay 9 its e>ly ,am]ican pamphlets4 ,z ano!r in/ance ( ! value to ! hi/orical /ores ( a public libr>y ( ?is ephem]al lit]ature1 x may be not$ t ! great collection ( pr9t$ matt]1 mo/ly ( a fugitive "*1 relat+ to ! ,fr5* ,revolution>y p]iod1 ga!r$ by ! late ,m4 de ,la ,b$oyre1 am\nt$ to #ae1jjj volumes & pamphlets4 ,fifty ye>s ( ! life ( ! weal?y & en?usia/ic collector1 besides a v l>ge sum ( money1 7 sp5t 9 amass+ ?is collection4 ,) an avidity almo/ incr$ible1 he ransack$ e book-/ore1 quay1 & private %elf t might contribute a fre% morsel to 8 /ores2 & :5 ,p>is 0 exhau/$1 _h 8 ag5ts & purveyors busy 9 execut+ 8 ord]s all ov] ,europe4 ,rival collectors1 & p>ticul>ly ,m4 ,des*i5s1 :o _h be5 a contempor>y 9 ! ,revolution1 & _h laid aside ev]y?+ t appe>$ 9 8 day1 only contribut$ at _! decease1 to swell ! preci\s /ores ( ,m4 de ,la ,b$oyre4 ,?is va/ collection1 s preci\s = ! hi/ory ( ,france at its mo/ memorable p]iod1 conta9$ sev]al ?\s&s ( volumes ( newspap]s & ephem]al j\rnals1 & 0 acquir$ 9 ! ye> #ahfc1 = ! ,national ,libr>y ( ,france1 :]e x w ev] rema9 a monum5t to ! enlight5$ & f>-sight$ _s ( its projector4 ,9 l mann]1 ! late ,pet] ,=ce1 ,mayor ( ,wa%+ton ,city1 & hi/oriograph] ( ! ,am]ican ,ar*ives1 devot$ =ty ye>s to amass+ an ext5sive collection ( ,am]icana1 or books1 pamphlets1 newspap]s1 manuscripts1 & maps1 relat+ to ! discov]y1 hi/ory1 topography1 natural hi/ory1 & biography ( ,am]ica4 ,he c>ri$ (f at auction sales1 f all competitors1 six great collections ( e>ly ,am]ican pamphlets1 =m$ by ,eb5ez] ,haz>d1 ,william ,duane1 ,oliv] ,wolcott1 etc41 repres5t+ ! copi\s lit]ature ( all s*ools ( political op9ion4 ,he s$ul\sly laid aside & pres]v$ e pamphlet t appe>$ at ! capital or else:]e1 on :i* he c\ld lay h&s1 & 8 ri* hi/orical collection1 pur*as$ by ! gov]nm5t 9 #ahff1 ?irty-?ree ye>s ago1 n[ =ms an invaluable portion ( ! ,congressional ,libr>y4 ,( ! multitud9\s lit]ature ( pamphlets x is n necess>y to speak at l5g?4 ,suffice x to say t ! libr>y :i* neglects ! acquisition & prop] pres]vation & b9d+ ( ^! publications is f> beh9d its duty1 bo? to ^? ( its own g5]ation1 & to ^? :i* are to foll[4 ,! pamphlet lit]ature ( e p]iod (t5 furni%es ! mo/ preci\s mat]ial to illu/rate ! hi/ory & developm5t ( t p]iod4 ,! new ideas1 ! critical sagacity1 ! political controv]sies1 ! me*anical & indu/rial developm5t1 ! religi\s ?\ght1 & ! social "* ( _m epo*s1 f9d _! be/ expression 9 ! pamphlets t sw>m$ f ! press :ile ^? ag5cies 7 op]at+4 ,! fact t multitudes ( ^! productions are anonym\s1 does n detract f _! value z mat]ials = /ud5ts4 ,pamphlets1 f _! peculi> /yle ( publication1 & ! difficulty ( pres]v+ !m1 t5d to disappe> m quickly ?an any class ( publications except newspap]s1 & broad-sides1 & h&-bills4 ,!y are f> less likely to be pres]v$ 9 ! h&s ( private hold]s ?an ev5 reviews & magaz9es4 ,x is ! common exp]i5ce ( libr>ians t a pamphlet is f> m difficult to procure ?an a book4 ,multitudes ( pamphlets are annually lo/ to ! _w1 f ! want ( any pres]v+ h& to ga!r !m & deposit !m p]man5tly 9 "s libr>y4 ,s mu* ! m important is x t ! cu/odians ( all our public libr>ies %\ld =m z complete collections z possible ( all pamphlets1 at lea/1 t appe> 9 _! own city or neighborhood4 ,h[ to d ?is is a problem n unatt5d$ ) difficulty4 ,pamphlets are r>ely furni%$ = sale 9 ! same mann] z books1 & :5 !y are1 book-sell]s treat !m ) su* indignity t !y are commonly ?ru/ aside z wa/e pap]1 almo/ z soon z !y h appe>$ f ! press4 ,if all ! writ]s ( pamphlets w\ld take pa9s to pres5t !m to ! public libr>ies ( ! c\ntry1 & especially to ^? 9 _! own neighborhood1 !y w\ld at once enri* ^! collections1 & provide = ! p]petuity ( _! own ?\ght4 ,a vigilant libr>ian %\ld invite & collect f private libr>ies all ! pamphlets :i* _! own]s w "p )4 ,x w\ld also be a wise practice to engage ! pr9t+-(fices :]e ^! fugitive leaves ( lit]ature are put 9 type1 to lay aside "o copy ( ea* = ! libr>y mak+ ! collection4 ,our local libr>ies %\ld ea* & all make x a settl$ object to pres]ve n only full sets ( ! reports ( all societies1 corporations1 *>ity organizations1 *ur*es1 railroads1 etc41 9 _! own neighborhood1 b all catalogues ( educational in/itutions1 all s]mons or memorial addresses1 & 9 %ort1 e fugitive publication :i* helps to a k ( ! p or ! region 9 :i* ! libr>y is situat$4 ,! b9d+ ( pamphlets is a moot$ po9t 9 all libr>ies4 ,:ile ! ,briti% ,museum & ! ,libr>y ( ,congress treat ! pamphlets z a book1 b9d+ all sep>ately1 ?is is deem$ 9 "s qu>t]s too vexati\s & tr\blesome1 z well z ne$lessly exp5sive4 ,x mu/ be consid]$1 h[ev]1 t ! cr[d+ toge!r ( a het]og5\s mass ( a doz5 or tw5ty pamphlets1 by diff]5t au?ors1 & on v>i\s subjects1 into a s+le cov]1 is j z objectionable z b9d+ books on unrelat$ subjects toge!r4 ,mu* "t is consum$ 9 f9d+ ! pamphlet want$1 among ! doz5 or m t prec$e or foll[ x1 &1 if valuable or mu* s\ght-= pamphlets are ?us b\nd1 _m read]s may be kept wait+ = "s ( !m1 :ile "o read] engrosses ! volume conta9+ all4 ,besides1 if sep>ately b\nd1 a s+le pamphlet c be f> m easily replac$ 9 case ( loss ?an c a :ole volume ( !m4 ,pamphlets may be lightly b\nd 9 pa/e-bo>d1 /it*$1 ) clo? backs1 at a small co/2 & ! comp5sat+ advantage ( be+ able to classify !m l books ^u ! %elves1 %\ld weigh mat]ially 9 ! decision ( ! "q4 ,if _m are b\nd toge!r1 !y %\ld inv>iably be assort$ into classes1 & ^? only on ! same g5]al topic %\ld be embrac$ 9 ! same cov]4 ,! long s]ies ( annual reports ( societies & in/itutions1 corporations1 annual catalogues1 etc41 ne$ n be b\nd sep>ately1 b %\ld be b\nd 9 *ronological s]ies1 ) five to t5 ye>s 9 a volume1 accord+ to ?ickness4 ,s may sev]al pamphlets1 by ! same writ]1 if pref]r$1 be b\nd toge!r4 ,libr>ies :i* acquire _m b\nd volumes ( pamphlets %\ld divide !m into s]ies1 & numb] !m ?r\gh\t ) /rict ref]5ce to ! catalogue4 ,!re w ?us be accumulat$ a con/antly increas+ s]ies ( !ological1 political1 agricultural1 m$ical1 educational1 sci5tific1 & o!r pamphlets1 :ile ! rema9+ mass1 :i* _c be ?us classifi$1 may be designat$ 9 a consecutive s]ies ( volumes1 z ,miscellane\s ,pamphlets4 ,:5 catalogu$1 ! title-page or beg9n+ ( ea* pamphlet 9 ! volume1 %\ld be m>k$ by a ?9 slip ( unsiz$ pap]1 project$ above ! top ( ! book1 to facilitate quick ref]5ce 9 f9d+ ea* "o )\t turn+ _m leaves to get at ! titles4 ,9 all cases1 ! cont5ts ( ea* volume ( pamphlets %\ld be brief$ 9 num]ical ord] ^u ! fly-leaf ( ! volume1 & its correspond+ numb]1 or sequ5ce 9 ! volumes writt5 9 p5cil on ! title page ( ea* pamphlet1 to correspond ) ! figures ( ?is brief li/4 ,!n ! catalogue ( ea* %\ld indicate its exact location1 ?us3 ,wilkeson 7,samuel7 ,h[ our ,national ,debt may become a ,national ,bless+1 #ba pp4 #hvo4 ,phila41 #ahfc ,miscellane\s pamphlets1 v4 #cdg3c1 mean+ t ?is is ! ?ird pamphlet b\nd 9 vol4 #cdg4 ,! only objection to sep>ate b9d+ ( ea* pamphlet1 is ! increas$ exp5se4 ,! advantage ( di/9ct treatm5t may or may n outweigh ?is1 accord+ to ! importance ( ! pamphlet1 ! circum/ances ( ! libr>y1 & ! funds at its comm&4 ,if b\nd sub/antially 9 good half-lea!r1 ) lea!r corn]s1 ! co/ is reckon$ at #as4 #d;d4 ea*1 9 ,london4 ,"h1 !y co/ ab\t ?irty c5ts ) clo? sides1 :i* may be r$uc$ by ! use ( m>ble or ,manila pap]1 to tw5ty c5ts ea*4 ,black roan is p]haps ! be/ lea!r = pamphlets1 z x br+s out ! lett]+ on ! backs m di/9ctly--always a c>d9al po9t 9 a libr>y4 ,b !re is a m economical me?od1 :i* disp5ses ) lea!r entirely4 ,z no pat5t is claim$ = ! inv5tion1 or r ! modification ( well-kn[n me?ods1 x may be briefly describ$4 ,! ?9ne/ t>-bo>d is us$ = ! sides1 :i*1 i4 e41 ! bo>ds1 are cut d[n to ne>ly ! size ( ! pamphlet to be b\nd4 ,! latt] is prep>$ = ! bo>ds by add+ two or m wa/e leaves to ! front & back1 & back+ x ) a /rip ( common musl91 :i* is firmly pa/$ ! full l5g? ( ! back1 & ov]laps ! sides to ! wid? ( an in* or m4 ,! pamphlet has to be /it*$ ?r\gh1 or /abb$ & fa/5$ ) wire1 9 ! mann] commonly practic$ ) ?9 books2 aft] :i* x is ready to receive ! bo>ds4 ,^! are glu$ to a /rip ( book musl91 :i* con/itutes ! ultimate back ( ! book1 be+ turn$ 9 neatly at ea* end1 s z to =m1 ) ! bo>ds1 a skeleton cov]1 into :i* ! pamphlet is ins]t$1 & held 9 its place by ! inn] /rip ( musl9 be=e describ$1 :i* is pa/$ or glu$ to ! inside ( ! bo>ds4 ,! bo>ds are !n cov]$ ) m>bl$ pap]1 turn$ 9 at ea* edge1 & ! wa/e leaves pa/$ smoo?ly d[n to ! bo>ds on ! inside4 ,! only rema9+ process is ! lett]+1 :i* is done by pr9t+ ! titles 9 bronze ^u glaz$ color$ pap]1 :i* is pa/$ l5g?wise on ! back4 ,a small font ( type1 ) a h&-press1 w suffice = ?is1 & a /abb+ ma*9e1 ) a small pair ( b9d+ %e>s1 con/itutes ! only o!r app>atus requir$4 ,! co/ ( b9d+ pamphlets 9 ?is /yle v>ies f sev5 to twelve c5ts ea*1 accord+ to ! mat]ial employ$1 & ! am\nt ( labor paid =4 ,! advantages ( ! me?od are too obvi\s to all acqua9t$ ) books to require exemplification4 ,two /ill *eap] me?ods ( b9d+ may be nam$4 ,:at is kn[n z ! ,h>v>d b9d]1 employ$ 9 t libr>y at ,cambridge1 ,mass41 consi/s simply ( ?9 bo>d sides ) musl9 back1 & /ubs also ( clo? on ! inside4 ,! pamphlet is ins]t$ & held 9 place by pa/e or glue4 ,! co/ ( ea* b9d+ is /at$ at six c5ts4 ,! *eape/ /yle ( sep>ate treatm5t = pamphlets yet sugge/$ is ( /iff ,manila pap]1 ) clo? back1 co/+ ab\t ?ree c5ts ea*4 ,i ?9k t ! rule ( nev] mix+ incongru\s subjects )9 ! same cov] %\ld be adh]$ to4 ,! exp5se1 by ! *eap] me?od ( b9d+ ref]r$ to1 is b slightly great] ?an mu/ be incurr$ by b9d+ sev]al 9 a volume1 9 solid half morocco /yle4 ,b1 :5ev] pamphlets are b\nd toge!r1 ! orig9al pr9t$ pap] cov]s %\ld nev] be de/roy$1 b %\ld be b\nd 94 ,ano!r me?od ( pres]v+ pamphlets is to file !m away 9 select$ lots1 plac$ inside ( clo? cov]s1 ( consid]able ?ickness4 ,^! may be _h f any book-b9d]1 be+ ! reject$ cov]s 9 :i* books s5t = re-b9d+ 7 orig9ally b\nd4 ,if kept 9 ?is way1 ea* volume1 or case ( pamphlets1 %\ld be firmly ti$ ) cord 7or bett] ) tape7 fa/5$ to ! front edge ( ! clo? cov]4 ,nev] use rubb] or ela/ic b&s = ?is1 or any o!r purpose :]e "t & security ( fa/5+ are involv$1 because ! rubb] w surely rot 9 a few weeks or mon?s1 & be useless z a means ( hold+ toge!r any objects :atev]4 ,/ill ano!r means ( assort+ & keep+ pamphlets is to use ,woodruff's file-hold]s1 "o ( :i* holds f t5 to ?irty pamphlets accord+ to _! ?ickness4 ,!y %\ld be arrang$ 9 classes1 plac+ 9 ea* file case only pamphlets on simil> subjects1 9 ord] ( ! au?ors' names1 arrang$ alphabetically4 ,ea* pamphlet %\ld be pla9ly numb]$ at its head by color$ p5cil1 ) ! figure ( its place 9 ! volume1 & ! numb] ( ! case1 conta9+ x1 :i* %\ld also be volum$1 & assign$ to %elves conta9+ books on relat$ subjects4 ,i ne$ n add t all ^! numb]s %\ld correspond ) ! catalogue-title ( ea* pamphlet4 ,!n1 :5 any "o pamphlet is want$1 s5d = ! case conta9+ x1 f9d x & )draw x at once by its numb]1 place x 9 "o ( ! ,ko* spr+-back b9d]s1 & give x to ! read] precisely l any book t is s]v$ at ! libr>y c\nt]4 ,a m economical plan /ill1 = libr>ies :i* _c af=d ! exp5se ( ! ,woodruff file-hold]s1 is to cut out cases = ! pamphlets1 ( suitable size1 f t\gh ,manila bo>d1 :i* ne$ n co/ m ?an ab\t ?ree c5ts ea* case4 ,9 :atev] way ! unb\nd pamphlets are treat$1 y %\ld always m>k !m z su* on ! left-h& m>g9 ( ea* catalogue-c>d1 by ! designation ub4 7unb\nd7 9 p5cil4 ,if y decide lat]1 to b9d any ( !m1 ?is p5cil-m>k %\ld be eras$ f ! c>ds1 on ! return ( ! pamphlets f ! b9d]y4 ,,*apt] #h4 ,,p]iodical ,,lit]ature4 ,! libr>ian :o desires to make ! managem5t ( 8 libr>y 9 ! highe/ degree successful1 mu/ give special att5tion to ! important field ( p]iodical lit]ature4 ,m & m1 z ! ye>s roll on1 ! p]iodical becomes ! successful rival ( ! book 9 ! claim = public att5tion4 ,inde$1 we he> n[ & !n1 d5unciations ( ! ev]-swell+ flood ( magaz9es & newspap]s1 z t5d+ to drive out ! book4 ,read]s1 we are told1 are s$uc$ f solid & improv+ read+1 by ! mass ( daily1 weekly1 & mon?ly p]iodicals :i* lie 9 wait = !m on e h&4 ,b no indiscrim9ate c5sure ( p]iodicals or ( _! read+1 c bl9d u to ! fact ( _! great value4 ,because "s p]sons devote an inord9ate am\nt ( "t to !m1 is no reason :y we %\ld fail to use !m judici\sly ourselves1 or to aid o!rs 9 do+ s4 ,& because _m p]iodicals 7& ev5 ! va/ majority7 are ( little importance1 & are fill$ ) trifl+ & ephem]al matt]1 t fact does n discr$it ! m]itori\s ones4 ,c\nt]feit curr5cy does n dim9i% ! value ( ! true co92 x is v sure to f9d its own j level at la/2 & s ! wret*$ or ! s5sational p]iodical1 h[ev] pret5ti\s1 w fall into inevitable neglect & failure 9 ! long run4 ,x is true t ! figures z to ! relative issues ( books & p]iodicals 9 ! publi%+ _w are />tl+ en\gh to give u pause4 ,x has be5 comput$ t ( ! annual product ( ! ,am]ican press1 eighty-two p] c5t4 consi/s ( newspap]s1 t5 p] c5t4 ( magaz9es & reviews1 & only eight p] c5t4 ( books4 ,yet ?is va/ r$undancy ( p]iodical lit]ature is by no means su* a m5ace to our p]man5t lit]ature z x appe>s at fir/ sight2--& t = ?ree reasons3 7#a7 a l>ge %>e ( ! books actually publi%$1 appe> 9 ! fir/ in/ance 9 ! p]iodicals 9 s]ial or casual =m2 7#b7 ! p]iodicals conta9 v mu* matt] ( p]man5t value2 7#c7 ! /eady increase ( c>efully prep>$ books 9 ! publi%+ _w1 :ile x may n keep pace ) ! rapid increase ( p]iodicals1 ev9ces a gr[? 9 ! "r direction4 ,x is no long] s easy to get a crude or a poor book publi%$1 z x 0 a g5]ation ago4 ,! /&>d ( critical ta/e has ris51 & f> m read]s are judges ( :at con/itutes a really good book ?an ev] be=e4 ,:ile x is true t our p]iodical product has s gr[n1 t :]eas !re 7 tw5ty ye>s ago1 9 #ahgh1 only #g1ieh diff]5t newspap]s & magaz9es publi%$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 !re are n[1 9 #ahii1 ov] #bj1ejj issu$1 x c also be /at$ t ! annual product ( books has increas$ 9 ! same tw5ty ye>s f less ?an two ?\s& to m ?an five ?\s& volumes ( new issues 9 a ye>4 ,:atev] may be ! future ( our ,am]ican lit]ature1 x c h>dly be d\bt$ t ! t5d5cy is /eadily t[>d ! production ( m books1 & bett] ones4 ,:e!r a public libr>y be l>ge or small1 its value to /ud5ts w dep5d greatly ^u ! c>e & complet5ess ) :i* its selection ( p]iodical works is made1 & kept up f ye> to ye>4 ,no?+ is m common 9 all libr>ies1 public & private1 ?an imp]fect & p>tially b\nd sets ( s]ials1 :e!r newspap]s1 reviews1 magaz9es or ! proce$+s & reports ( sci5tific & o!r societies4 ,no?+ c be m annoy+ ?an to f9d ! sets ( su* publications brok5 at ! v po9t :]e ! ref]5ce or ! wants ( ^? consult+ !m require satisfaction4 ,9 ^! matt]s1 p]petual vigilance is ! price ( complet5ess2 & ! libr>ian :o is n will+ or able to devote ! "t & means requisite to complete ! files ( p]iodical publications "u 8 *>ge is to be c5sur$ or commis]at$1 accord+ to ! causes ( ! failure4 ,! fir/ ess5tial 9 keep+ up ! complet5ess ( files ( ephem]al publications1 next to vigilance on ! "p ( _! cu/odian1 is room = ! arrangem5t ( ! v>i\s p>ts1 & means = b9d+ ) promptitude4 ,"s libr>ies1 & among !m a few ( ! l>ge/1 are s hamp]$ = want ( room1 t _! s]ials are pil$ 9 heaps )\t ord] or arrangem5t1 & are ?us comp>atively useless until b\nd4 ,9 ! m =tunate in/itutions1 :i* possess adequate space = ! ord]ly arrangem5t ( all _! /ores1 !re c be no excuse = fail+ to supply any p]iodical1 :e!r b\nd or unb\nd1 at ! mom5t x is call$ =4 ,x is simply necess>y to devote suffici5t "t ea* day to ! sy/ematic arrangem5t ( all receipts3 to keep ea* file toge!r 9 *ronological ord]2 to supply !m = ! p]usal ( read]s1 ) a prop] *eck or receipt1 & to make sure ( b9d+ ea* new volume z fa/ z ! publication ( titles & index enables x to be done prop]ly4 ,:ile "s libr>ies receive sev]al ?\s&s ( s]ials1 ! p]iodical publications tak5 by o!rs am\nt to a v small numb]2 b 9 ei!r case1 ! importance ( prompt collation & imm$iate supply ( miss+ p>ts or numb]s is equally imp]ative4 ,:ile defici5cies 9 daily newspap]s c r>ely be made up aft] ! week1 & sometimes n aft] ! day ( _! appe>ance1 ! miss+ p>ts ( (ficial & o!r publications1 z well z ( reviews & magaz9es appe>+ at less frequ5t int]vals1 c usually be suppli$ )9 ! ye>1 al?\gh a m prompt secur+ ( !m is (t5 necess>y4 ,9 ^! publications1 z 9 ! acquisition ( books = any libr>y1 ! collation ( ea* "p or numb] is imp]ative1 9 ord] to avoid imp]fections :i* may be irrep>able4 ,fir/ 9 ! ranks ( ^! ephem]al publications1 9 ord] ( numb]1 if n ( importance1 come ! j\rnals ( all classes1 daily & weekly1 political1 illu/rat$1 lit]>y1 sci5tific1 me*anical1 pr(essional1 agricultural1 f9ancial1 etc4 ,f ! obscure & fugitive beg9n+s ( j\rnalism 9 ! sixte5? c5tury to ! e/abli%m5t ( ! fir/ cont9u\s newspap]--! ,london ,weekly ,news1 9 #afbb1 & ,r5audot's ,gazette 7aft]w>ds ! ,gazette de ,france7 9 #afca1 foll[$ by ! issue ( ! fir/ daily newspap]1 ! ,london ,daily ,c\rant1 9 #agjb1 & ! ,bo/on ,weekly ,news-lett] 9 #agjd1 7! fir/ ,am]ican j\rnal7--to ! wond]ful fecundity ( ! mod]n p]iodical press1 :i* scatt]s ! leaves ( m ?an ?irty ?\s& diff]5t j\rnals broadca/ ov] ! _w1 !re is a long & int]e/+ hi/ory ( ! trials & triumphs ( a free press4 ,9 :atev] respect ,am]ican libr>ies may fall beh9d ^? ( old] l&s 7& _! defici5cies are va/1 &1 9 _m directions p]man5t7 x may be said ) confid5ce1 t 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! newspap] has receiv$ its wide/ & mo/ complete developm5t4 ,num]ically1 ! fulle/ approximate return ( ! newspap] & p]iodical press gives a total numb] ( #ba1ejj p]iodical publications1 regul>ly appe>+ )9 ! limits ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,:ile no "o libr>y1 h[ev] l>ge & compreh5sive1 has ei!r ! space or ! means to accumulate a ti! ( ! p]iodicals t sw>m f a productive press1 !re are valid reasons :y m att5tion %\ld be paid by ! libr>ian to a c>eful pres]vation ( a wise selection ( ! be/ ( all ?is curr5t lit]ature4 ,! mod]n newspap] & o!r p]iodical publications af=d ! fulle/ & true/1 & on ! :ole1 ! mo/ imp>tial image ( ! age we live 91 t c be d]iv$ f a s+le s\rce4 ,tak5 toge!r1 !y af=d ! ri*e/ mat]ial = ! hi/orian1 or ! /ud5t ( politics1 ( society1 ( lit]ature1 & ( civilization 9 all its v>i$ aspects4 ,:at preci\s memorials ( ! day1 ev5 ! adv]tisem5ts & brief p>agraphs ( ! newspap]s ( a c5tury ago af=d u6 ,:ile 9 a field s va/1 x is impossible = any "o libr>y to be m ?an a glean]1 no su* in/itution c af=d to neglect ! collection & pres]vation ( at lea/ "s ( ! m important newspap]s f ye> to ye>4 ,a public libr>y is n = "o g5]ation only1 b x is = all "t4 ,opportunities once neglect$ ( secur+ ! curr5t p]iodicals ( any age 9 cont9u\s & complete =m seldom or nev] recur4 ,! pr9ciple ( selection w ( c\rse v>y 9 diff]5t libr>ies & localities4 ,:ile ! safe/ g5]al rule is to secure ! be/ & mo/ repres5tative ( all ! j\rnals1 reviews1 & magaz9es )9 ! limit ( ! funds :i* c be devot$ to t purpose1 !re is ano!r pr9ciple :i* %\ld l>gely guide ! selection4 ,9 ea* locality1 x %\ld be "o lead+ object ( ! pr9cipal libr>y to ga!r )9 its walls ! fulle/ repres5tation possible1 ( ! lit]ature relat+ to its own ,/ate & neighborhood4 ,9 e city & l>ge t[n1 ! local j\rnals & o!r p]iodicals %\ld =m an indisp5sable "p ( a public libr>y collection4 ,:]e ! means are want+ to pur*ase ^!1 ! proprietors w frequ5tly furni% !m free ( exp5se1 = public use2 b no occasion %\ld be lo/ ( secur+1 imm$iately on its issue f ! press1 e publication1 l>ge or small1 :i* relates to ! local hi/ory or int]e/s ( ! place :]e ! libr>y is ma9ta9$4 ,:ile ! files ( ! j\rnals ( any p]iod furni% unque/ionably ! be/ in/rum5ts = ! hi/ory ( t epo*1 x is lam5table to reflect t s little c>e has ev] be5 tak5 to pres]ve a fair repres5tation ( ^? ( any age4 ,! de/9y ( ne>ly all newspap]s is swift de/ruction2 & ev5 ^? :i* are pres]v$1 commonly survive 9 a lam5tably fragm5t>y /ate4 ,! obvi\s causes ( ! rapid disappe>ance ( p]iodical lit]ature1 are its great volume1 necess>ily increas+ ) e ye>1 ! difficulty ( lodg+ ! files ( any long p]iod 9 our n>r[ ap>tm5ts1 & ! cont9ual dem& = pap] = ! uses ( trade4 ,to ^! mu/ be add$ ! great co/ ( b9d+ files ( j\rnals1 increas+ 9 ! direct ratio ( ! size ( ! volume4 ,z s =midable an exp5se c be incurr$ by v few private subscrib]s to p]iodicals1 s mu* ! m important is x t ! public libr>ies %\ld n neglect a duty :i* !y owe to _! g5]ation1 z well z to ^? t are to foll[4 ,^! poor j\rnals ( to-day1 :i* ev]ybody is will+ to /igmatize z tra%1 n wor? ! room to /ore or ! money to b9d1 are ! v mat]ials :i* ! man ( ! future w se>* = ) eag]ness1 & = "s ( :i* he w be ready to pay _! weight 9 gold4 ,^! repres5tatives ( ! comm]cial1 indu/rial1 inv5tive1 social1 lit]>y1 political1 moral & religi\s life ( ! times1 %\ld be pres]v$ & h&$ d[n to po/]ity ) s$ul\s c>e4 ,no hi/orian or o!r writ] on any subject :o w\ld write consci5ti\sly or ) full in=mation1 c af=d to neglect ?is fruitful m9e ( ! j\rnals1 :]e 8 ri*e/ mat]ials are frequ5tly to be f\nd4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( any great libr>y ( j\rnals1 or ( t univ]sal libr>y :i* e nation %\ld possess1 x becomes ! m important to assemble 9 ! v>i\s local libr>ies all ^? ephem]al publications1 :i*1 if n ?us pres]v$ contemporane\sly ) _! issue1 w disappe> utt]ly1 & elude ! se>* ( future hi/orical inquir]s4 ,& t libr>y :i* %all mo/ s$ul\sly ga!r & pres]ve su* fugitive memorials ( ! life ( ! p among :i* x is situat$ w be f\nd to h be/ subs]v$ its purpose to ! succe$+ g5]ations ( m54 ,n less important ?an ! pres]vation ( newspap]s is t ( reviews & magaz9es4 ,9 fact1 ! latt] are almo/ univ]sally recogniz$ z f> m important ?an ! m fugitive lit]ature ( ! daily & weekly press4 ,?\gh inf]ior to ! j\rnals z hi/orical & /ati/ical mat]ials1 reviews & magaz9es supply ! l>ge/ fund ( discussion conc]n+ su* topics ( sci5tific1 social1 lit]>y1 & religi\s int]e/ z occupy ! public m9d dur+ ! "t 9 :i* !y appe>4 ,m & m ! be/ ?\ght ( ! times gets reflect$ 9 ! pages ( ?is portion ( ! p]iodical press4 ,no inve/igator 9 any dep>tm5t c af=d to ov]look ! ri* /ores contribut$ to ?\ght 9 reviews & magaz9es4 ,^! articles are commonly m cond5s$ & full ( matt] ?an ! av]age books ( ! p]iod4 ,:ile e libr>y1 !re=e1 %\ld possess = ! curr5t use & ultimate ref]5ce ( its read]s a selection ( ! be/1 z l>ge z its means w p]mit1 a great & compreh5sive libr>y1 9 ord] to be repres5tative ( ! national lit]ature1 %\ld possess !m all4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! sali5t fact t ! p]iodical press absorbs1 ye> by ye>1 m ( ! tal5t :i* might o!rwise be exp5d$ ^u lit]ature ( m p]man5t =m is abundantly obvi\s4 ,?is t5d5cy has bo? its good & its evil results4 ,on ! "o h&1 ! be/ writ+ ability is (t5 drawn out by magaz9es & j\rnals1 :i* are ke5 competitors = attractive matt]1 & = kn[n reputations1 & sometimes !y secure bo? 9 comb9ation4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is a notable fact t writ]s capable ( excell5t "w (t5 d great inju/ice to _! reputations by produc+ too ha/ily articles writt5 to ord]1 in/ead ( ! well-consid]$1 ripe fruits ( _! lit]>y skill4 ,:e!r ! brief article answ]+ ! limits ( a magaz9e or a review is apt to be m or less sup]ficial ?an a book treat+ ! same topic1 is a "q admitt+ ( diff]5t views4 ,if ! writ] is capable ( skilful cond5sation1 )\t loss ( grace ( composition1 or ( graphic p[]1 !n ! article1 measur$ by its influ5ce ^u ! public m9d1 mu/ be pref]r$ to ! m diffuse treatise ( ! book4 ,x has ! imm5se advantage ( dem&+ f> less ( ! read]'s "t2 & :5ev] its conclusions are /at$ 9 a ma/]ly way1 its impression %\ld be q z la/+ z t ( any book treat+ a simil> !me4 ,su* is d\btless ! effect ( ! abl] articles writt5 = p]iodicals1 :i* are m cond5s$ & full ( matt] 9 spe$ily available =m1 ?an ! av]age book ( ! p]iod4 ,9 ?is s5se x is a misuse ( t]ms to call ! review article ephem]al1 or to treat ! p]iodicals conta9+ !m z p]i%able lit]>y commodities1 :i* s]ve _! t]m ) ! mon? or ye> t produc$ !m4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! exp]i5ce ( libr>ians %[s t ! mo/ s\ght-=1 & ! mo/ useful contributions to any subject are frequ5tly f\nd1 n 9 ! books writt5 ^u x1 b 9 ! files ( curr5t p]iodicals1 or 9 ^? ( =m] ye>s4 ,x is especially to be not$ t ! book may frequ5tly lose its adaptation & usefulness by lapse ( "t1 & ! onw>d m>* ( sci5ce1 :ile ! article is apt to reflect ! late/ light :i* c help to illu/rate ! subject4 ,:ile1 !re=e1 !re is always a liability ( f9d+ _m crude & sket*y contributions 9 ! lit]ature ( ! p]iodical press1 its conductors are ev] on ! al]t to r$uce to a m9imum ! weak or unwor?y (f]+s1 & to secure a maximum ( articles embody+ mature ?\ght & fit expression4 ,! pron\nc$ t5d5cy t[>d %ort me?ods 9 e *annel ( human activity1 is reflect$ 9 ! con/antly multiply+ s]ies ( p]iodical publications4 ,! publi%+ activities ( ! times are tak+ on a c]ta9 cop]ative elem5t1 :i* 0 n =m]ly kn[n4 ,?us1 ! lit]>y syndicate has be5 develop$ by degrees into "o ( ! mo/ f>-rea*+ ag5cies = popul> ent]ta9m5t4 ,! ta/e = %ort /ories1 9 place ( ! anci5t ?ree volume novel1 has be5 cultivat$ ev5 9 cons]vative ,engl&1 & has become s wide-spread 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 t v few p]iodicals :i* deal 9 fiction at all1 are )\t _! /ories begun & f9i%$ 9 a s+le issue4 ,! tal5t requir$ to produce a fasc9at+ & successful fiction 9 ?is n>r[ compass is a peculi> "o1 & :ile !re are num]\s failures1 !re are also a surpris+ numb] ( successes4 ,well writt5 descriptive articles1 too1 are 9 dem&1 & special crav+s = p]sonal gossip & lively sket*es ( notable liv+ *>act]s are manife/4 ,t p]5nial int]e/ :i* mank9d & womank9d ev9ce 9 e individual ^: "n1 = :atev] reason1 has become famili>1 supplies a basis = an inexhau/ible s]ies ( light p>agraphic articles4 ,ano!r fruitful field = ! syndicate composition is brief essays ^u any topic ( ! times1 ! fa%ions1 notable ev5ts1 or new inv5tions1 public *>ities1 education1 gov]nm5tal do+s1 curr5t political movem5ts1 etc4 ,^! appe> almo/ simultane\sly1 9 _m diff]5t p]iodicals1 scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 "u ! copyright imprimatur1 :i* w>ns (f all j\rnals f republi%+1 :i* h n subscrib$ to ! special syndicate engag+ !m4 ,?us ea* p]iodical secures1 at extremely mod]ate rates1 contributions :i* are frequ5tly writt5 by ! mo/ not$ & popul> liv+ writ]s1 :o1 9 _! turn1 are mu* bett] remun]at$ = _! "w ?an !y w\ld be = ! same am\nt ( writ+ if publi%$ 9 book =m4 ,:e!r ?is n[ popul> me?od ( atta9+ a wide & remun]ative circulation = _! productions w prove p]man5t1 is less c]ta9 ?an t _m au?ors n[ f9d x ! sure/ road to pr(itable employm5t ( _! p5s4 ,! fact t x r>ely s]ves to introduce unkn[n writ]s ( tal5t to ! read+ _w1 may be laid to ! acc\nt ( ! eag]ness ( ! syndicates to secure names t already enjoy notoriety4 ,! be/ me?od = fil+ newspap]s = curr5t read+ is a vex$ "q 9 libr>ies4 ,9 ! l>ge ones1 :]e room en\gh exi/s1 l>ge read+-/&s ) slop+ sides furni% ! mo/ conv5i5t access1 provid$ ) movable metal rods to keep ! pap]s 9 place4 ,:]e no room exi/s = ^! /&s1 "s ( ! num]\s portable newspap]-file inv5tions1 or racks1 may be sub/itut$1 all[+ "o to ea* pap] receiv$ at ! libr>y4 ,= fil+ curr5t magaz9es1 reviews1 & ! small] newspap]s1 l ! lit]>y & te*nical j\rnals1 v>i\s plans are 9 use4 ,all ( ^! h advantages1 :ile none is free f objection4 ,"s libr>ies use ! ord9>y pamphlet case1 9 :i* ! successive numb]s are kept until a volume is accumulat$ = b9d+4 ,?is requires a sep>ate case = ea* p]iodical1 & :]e _m are tak51 is exp5sive1 ?\gh by ?is me?od ! magaz9es are kept neat & 9 ord]4 ,o!rs use small newspap] files or tapes = p]iodicals4 ,o!rs /ill arrange !m alphabetically on %elves1 9 :i* case ! late/ issues are f\nd on top1 if ! *ronology is pres]v$4 ,9 s]v+ p]iodicals to read]s1 tickets %\ld be requir$ 7z = books7 ) title & date1 z a precaution aga9/ loss1 or c>eless leav+ ^u tables4 ,:e!r curr5t p]iodicals are ev] all[$ to be drawn out1 mu/ dep5d ^u sev]al weighty consid]ations4 ,:5 only "o copy is tak51 no circulation %\ld be p]mitt$1 s t ! magaz9es & j\rnals may be always 91 at ! s]vice ( read]s frequ5t+ ! libr>y4 ,b 9 "s l>ge public libr>ies1 :]e sev]al copies ( ea* ( ! m popul> s]ials are subscrib$ to1 x is ! cu/om to keep "o copy 7sometimes two7 always 91 & to all[ ! duplicate copies to be drawn out4 ,?is circulation %\ld be limit$ to a p]iod mu* %ort] ?an is all[$ = keep+ books4 ,9 no case1 %\ld ! b\nd volumes ( magaz9es1 reviews1 & j\rnals ( :atev] k9d be all[$ to leave ! libr>y4 ,?is is a rule :i* %\ld be en=c$ = ! common b5efit ( all ! read]s1 s9ce to l5d to "o read] any p]iodical or "w ( g5]al ref]5ce is to deprive all ! re/ ( its use j s long z x is out ( ! libr>y4 ,?is has become all ! m important s9ce ! publication ( ,poole's ,indexes to p]iodical lit]ature has put ! :ole read+ community on ! que/ = in=mation to be f\nd only 79 cond5s$ =m1 or 9 ! late/ treatm5t7 9 ! volumes ( ! p]iodical press4 ,& x is really no h>d%ip to any quick1 intellig5t read]1 to require t ^! valuable s]ials %\ld be us$ )9 ! libr>y only4 ,an article is n l a book2--a long & p]haps s]i\s /udy1 requir+ _m h\rs or days to ma/] x4 ,! magaz9e or review article1 :atev] o!r virtues x may lack1 has ! supreme m]it ( brevity4 ,! only valid exception :i* w ju/ify loan+ ! s]ial volumes ( p]iodicals outside ! libr>y1 is :5 !re are duplicate sets ( any ( !m4 ,"s l>ge libr>ies hav+ a wide popul> circulation are able to buy two or m sets ( ! magaz9es mo/ 9 dem&1 & s to l5d "o out1 :ile ano!r is kept con/antly 9 = use & ref]5ce4 ,& ev5 a libr>y ( small means might secure = its %elves duplicate sets ( _m p]iodicals1 by simply mak+ kn[n t x w\ld be glad to receive f any families or o!r own]s1 all ! numb]s ( _! magaz9es1 etc41 :i* !y no long] ne$ = use4 ,?is w\ld br+ 91 9 any l>ge t[n or city1 a copi\s supply ( p]iodicals :i* h\se-keep]s1 tir$ ( keep+1 /or+ & du/+ su* unsightly prop]ty1 w\ld be glad to be/[ :]e !y w\ld d ! mo/ good4 ,:atev] p]iodicals are tak51 x is ess5tial to wat* ov] _! complet5ess by keep+ a fai?fully revis$ *eck-li/4 ,?is %\ld be rul$ to furni% blank spaces = ea* issue ( all s]ials tak51 :e!r qu>t]ly1 mon?ly1 weekly1 or daily1 & no week %\ld elapse )\t complete scrut9y ( ! li/1 & ord]+ all miss+ numb]s f ! publi%]s4 ,mail failures are common1 & unceas+ vigilance is ! price t mu/ be paid = complet5ess4 ,! same *eck-li/1 by o!r spaces1 %\ld %[ ! "t ( expiration ( subscriptions1 & ! price paid p] ye>4 ,& :]e a l>ge numb] ( p]iodicals are receiv$1 cov]+ _m p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 !y %\ld be li/$1 n only by an alphabet ( titles1 b by ano!r alphabet ( places :]e publi%$1 z well4 ,if a new libr>y is to be =m$1 hav+ no sets ( p]iodicals on :i* to build1 ef=t %\ld be made to secure full sets f ! beg9n+ ( z _m ( ! prom95t magaz9es & reviews1 ,am]ican & =eign1 z ! funds w p]mit4 ,x is exp$i5t to wait a little1 r ?an to take up ) incomplete sets1 z full ones are pretty sure to turn up1 & competition betwe5 ! _m deal]s %\ld br+ d[n prices to a fair m$ium4 ,9 fact1 _m old sets ( magaz9es are (f]$ surpris+ly *eap1 & usually well-b\nd4 ,b vigilant c>e mu/ be ex]cis$ to secure p]fect sets1 z numb]s are (t5 mutilat$1 or defici5t 9 "s pages or illu/rations4 ,?is object c only be secur$ by collation ( e volume1 page by page1 ) due att5tion to ! li/ ( illu/rations1 if any are publi%$4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( ,briti% bibliographical ent]prise 7a want mu* to be deplor$7 x has fall5 to ! lot ( ,am]ican libr>ians to produce ! only g5]al index ( subjects to ,engli% p]iodical lit]ature :i* exi/s4 ,poole's ,index to ,p]iodical ,lit]ature is call$ by ! "n ( its s5ior editor1 ! late ,dr4 ,wm4 ,f4 ,poole1 & 0 contribut$ to by _m libr>ians on a cop]ative division ( labor1 9 index+1 "u direction ( ,mr4 ,wm4 ,i4 ,flet*]1 libr>ian ( ,amh]/ ,college4 ,?is index to lead+ p]iodicals is lit]ally invaluable1 & indisp5sable z an aid to rese>*4 ,its fir/ volume indexes 9 "o alphabet ! p]iodicals embrac$1 f _! fir/ issues up to #ahhb4 ,! second volume runs f #ahhb to #ahhg1 & ! ?ird cov]s ! p]iod f #ahhg to #ahia1 :ile a f\r? volume indexes ! p]iodicals f #ahib to #ahif1 inclusive4 ,= #ahig1 & ea* ye> aft]1 an annual index to ! publications ( ! ye> is issu$4 ,besides ?is1 ! ,review ( ,reviews publi%es mon?ly an index to "o mon?'s lead+ p]iodicals1 & also an annual index1 v full1 9 a s+le alphabet4 ,& ! ,cumulative ,index1 issu$ bo? mon?ly & qu>t]ly1 by ,w4 ,h4 ,brett1 ! ,clevel&1 ,ohio1 libr>ian1 is an admirably full means ( keep+ our keys to p]iodical lit]ature up to date4 ,!re are o!r indexes to p]iodicals1 publi%$ mon?ly or qu>t]ly1 too num]\s to be notic$ "h4 ,! annual ,new ,york ,tribune ,index 7! only daily j\rnal1 except ! ,london ,times1 :i* pr9ts an index7 is highly useful1 & may be us$ = o!r newspap]s z well1 = ! mo/ important ev5ts or discussions1 enabl+ "o to se>* ! dailies = himself1 ! date once be+ fix$ by aid ( ! index4 ,m5tion %\ld also be made "h ( ! admirably compreh5sive annual ,r[ell's ,newspap] ,directory1 :i* %\ld r be call$ ! ,am]ican ,p]iodical ,directory1 s9ce x has a classifi$ catalogue ( all p]iodicals publi%$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada4 ,,*apt] #i4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,read+4 ,! true ,univ]sity ( ^! days1 says a great s*ol> ( our c5tury1 ,?omas ,c>lyle1 is a collection ( books1 & all education is to tea* u h[ to read4 ,if !re 7 any volume1 out ( ! multitude ( books ab\t books t h be5 writt51 :i* c\ld illum9ate ! pa?way ( ! unskill$ read]1 s z to guide him into all k by ! %orte/ road1 :at a boon t book w\ld be6 ,:5 we survey ! va/ & rapidly gr[+ product ( ! mod]n press1--:5 we see ^! ho/s ( poets )\t imag9ation1 hi/orians )\t accuracy1 critics )\t disc]nm5t1 & noveli/s )\t inv5tion or /yle1 9 %ort1 ! :ole prolific brood ( writ]s :o d n "k h[ to write1--we are tempt$ to e*o ! s5tim5t ( ,wordswor?3-- ,! intellectual p[]1 ?r\gh words & ?+s1 ,goes s\nd+ on a dim & p]il\s way4 ,! mo/ t any "o c hope to d = o!rs is to sugge/ to !m a clue :i*1 h[ev] feeble1 has help$ to guide 8 unc]ta9 foot/eps ?r\gh ! labyr9?ian maze ( folly & wisdom :i* we call lit]ature4 ,! k acquir$ by a ,libr>ian1 :ile x may be v wide & v v>i$1 runs mu* risk ( be+ z sup]ficial z x is div]sifi$4 ,!re is a v preval5t1 b v errone\s notion :i* conceives ( a libr>ian z a k9d ( animat$ encyclopa$ia1 :o1 if y tap him 9 any direction1 f ,a to ,z1 w /raightway p\r =? a flood ( k ^u any subject 9 hi/ory1 sci5ce1 or lit]ature4 ,?is popul> ideal1 h[ev] f9e 9 !ory1 has to und]go :at comm]cial m5 call a heavy disc\nt :5 r$uc$ to practice4 ,! libr>ian is a con/ant & busy work] 9 f> o!r fields ?an explor+ ! cont5ts ( books4 ,8 day is fill$ ) catalogu+1 arrang+ & classify+ !m1 se>*+ catalogues1 select+ new books1 correspond5ce1 direct+ assi/ants1 keep+ libr>y records1 adju/+ acc\nts1 etc41 9 ! mid/ ( :i* he is con/antly at ! call ( ! public = books & in=mation4 ,:at "t has he1 we>i$ by ! day's multif>i\s & exact+ labors1 = any ?or\gh /udy ( books8 ,s1 :5 anyone beg9s an inquiry )1 ,y "k ev]y?+2 c y tell me1--,i say3 ,/op a mom5t2 omnisci5ce is n a human quality2 ,i really "k v few ?+s1 & am n q sure ( "s ( !m4 ,!re are _m m51 & wom51 too1 9 almo/ e community1 ^: range ( k is m ext5d$ ?an t ( mo/ libr>ians4 ,! idea1 !n1 t because "o lives p]petually among books1 he absorbs all ! le>n+ t !y conta91 mu/ be ab&on$ z a popul> delusion4 ,to "k a little ^u _m subjects is q compatible ) n kn[+ mu* ab\t any "o4 ,bew>e ( ! man ( "o book1 is an anci5t prov]b1 pregnant ) mean+4 ,! man ( "o book1 if x is wisely *os51 & if he kn[s x all1 c sometimes conf\nd a :ole assembly ( s*ol>s4 ,an ,am]ican poet once decl>$ to me t all leisure "t is lo/ t is n sp5t 9 read+ ,%akespe>e4 ,& we rememb] ,em]son's panegyric ^u ,plato's writ+s1 borr[+ f ! ,caliph ,om> 8 fam\s 7b apocryphal7 s5t5ce aga9/ all books b ! ,koran3 ,burn all ! libr>ies1 = _! value is 9 ?is book4 ,s ,%effield1 duke ( ,buck+ham3 ,read ,hom] once1 & y c read no m1 ,= all books else appe> s tame1 s poor1 ,v]se w seem prose1 b /ill p]si/ to read1 ,& ,hom] w be all ! books y ne$4 ,( c\rse ,i am f> f design+ to say any?+ aga9/ ! wide/ /udy1 :i* great libr>ies exi/ to supply & to enc\rage2 & all utt]ances ( a half-tru?1 l ! maxim ,i h quot$1 are exagg]ations4 ,b ! say+ po9ts a moral--& t is1 ! supreme importance ( ?or\ghness 9 all t we und]take4 ,! poetical wiseacre :o end[$ ! _w ) ! maxim1 ,a little le>n+ is a dang]\s ?+1 does n appe> to h reflect$ ^u ! logical sequ5ce ( ! dictum1 namely3 t if a little le>n+ ^u any subject is dang]\s1 !n less mu/ be /ill m dang]\s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! art ( read+ to ! be/ advantage implies ! comm& ( adequate "t to read4 ,! art ( hav+ "t to read dep5ds ^u kn[+ h[ to make ! be/ use ( our days4 ,days are %ort1 & "t is fleet+1 b no "o's day ev] holds less ?an #bd h\rs4 ,engross+ z "o's occupation may be1 x ne$ nev] consume all ! "t rema9+ f sleep1 refre%m5t & social int]c\rse4 ,! half h\r be=e breakfa/1 ! fifte5 m9utes wait+ = d9n]1 giv5 to ! book y wi% to read1 w soon f9i% x1 & make room = ano!r4 ,! busie/ m5 ,i h kn[n h (t5 be5 ! mo/ intellig5t1 & ! wide/ read]s4 ,! idle p]son nev] kn[s h[ to make use ( odd mom5ts2 ! busy "o always kn[s h[4 ,yet ! va/ majority ( p g ?r\gh life )\t ev] le>n+ ! great lesson ( ! supreme value ( mom5ts4 ,let u suppose t y det]m9e to devote two h\rs e day to read+4 ,t is equival5t to m ?an sev5 hundr$ h\rs a ye>1 or to ?ree mon?s ( work+ "t ( eight h\rs a day4 ,:at c\ld y n d 9 ?ree mon?s1 if y _h all ! "t to y\rself8 ,y c\ld almo/ le>n a new language1 or ma/] a new sci5ce2 yet ?is two h\rs a day1 :i* w\ld give y ?ree mon?s ( free "t e ye>1 is fritt]$ away1 y sc>cely "k h[1 9 aimless matt]s t lead to no?+4 ,a fam\s writ] ( our c5tury1 "s ( ^: books y h read1--,edw>d ,bulw] ,lytton1--devot$ only f\r h\rs a day to writ+2 yet he produc$ m ?an sixty volumes ( fiction1 poetry1 drama & criticism1 ( s+ul> lit]>y m]it4 ,! great naturali/1 ,d>w91 a *ronic suff]] f a depress+ malady1 c\nt$ two h\rs a =tunate day's "w = him2 yet he accompli%$ results 9 ! _w ( sci5ce :i* r5d] 8 "n immortal4 ,be n ov] p>ticul> z to h\rs1 or ! "t ( day1 & y w soon f9d t all h\rs are good = ! muse4 ,h a purpose1 & adh]e to x ) good-humor$ p]t9acity4 ,be indep5d5t ( ! advice & op9ions ( o!rs2 ! _w ( books1 l ! _w ( nature1 0 made = y2 possess x 9 y\r own way4 ,if y f9d no good 9 anci5t hi/ory or 9 metaphysics1 let !m alone & read books ( art1 or poetry1 or biography1 or voyages & travels4 ,! wide doma9 ( k & ! _w ( books are s relat$1 t all roads cross & conv]ge1 l ! pa?s t c>ry u ov] ! surface ( ! globe on :i* we live4 ,_m a read] has le>n$ m ( pa/ times f good biographies1 ?an f any =mal hi/ory2 & x is a fact t _m owe to ! plays ( ,%akespe>e & ! novels ( ,walt] ,scott ne>ly all ! k :i* !y possess ( ! hi/ory ( ,engl& & ,scotl&4 ,x is unhappily true t books d n tea* ! use ( books4 ,! art ( extract+ :at is important or in/ructive 9 any book1 f ! mass ( v]biage t commonly ov]lays x1 _c be le>n$ by !ory4 ,invaluable z ! art ( read+ is1 z a means ( enlight5m5t1 its highe/ uses c only be obta9$ by a c]ta9 me?od ( read+1 :i* w sep>ate ! :eat f ! *aff4 ,diff]5t read]s w1 ( c\rse1 possess diff]5t capacities = do+ ?is4 ,"y or undiscipl9$ m9ds c read only 9 "o way1--& t way is1 to m5tally pron\nce e ^w1 & dwell equally ^u all ! p>ts ( e s5t5ce4 ,?is comes naturally 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 f ! m]e me?od ( le>n+ to read1 9 :i* e ^w is a spok5 symbol1 & has to be s\nd$1 :e!r x is ess5tial to ! s5se1 or n4 ,?is habit ( read+1 :i* may be t]m$ ! lit]al me?od1 goes ) mo/ p]sons ?r\gh life4 ,once le>n$1 x is v h>d to unle>n4 ,!re are multitudes :o _c read a newspap]1 ev51 )\t dwell+ ^u e ^w1 & com+ to a full /op at ! end ( e s5t5ce4 ,n[ ?is me?od ( read+1 :ile x may be indisp5sable to all read]s at "s "t1 & to "s read]s at all times1 is too sl[ & fruitless = ! /ud5t :o aims to absorb ! l>ge/ am\nt ( k 9 ! briefe/ space ( "t4 ,life is too %ort to be wa/$ ov] ! rhetoric or ! p]iods ( an au?or ^: k we want z all t conc]ns u4 ,d\btless !re are classes ( lit]ature 9 :i* =m or expression pr$om9ates1 & we _c read poetry1 = example1 or ! drama1 or ev5 ! high] class ( fiction1 )\t l+]+ ^u ! f9] passages1 to get ! full impression ( _! beauty4 ,9 read+ works ( ! imag9ation1 we read n = ideas alone1 b = expression also1 & to enjoy ! rhy?m & melody ( ! v]se1 if x be poetry1 or1 if prose1 ! f9i%$ rhetoric1 & ! pleas+ cad5ce ( ! /yle4 ,x is "h t ! lit]>y skill ( an accompli%$ writ]1 & all t we und]/& by rhetoric1 becomes important1 :ile 9 read+ = in=mation only1 we may ei!r ignore words & phrases entirely1 or subord9ate !m to ! ideas :i* !y convey4 ,9 read+ any book = ! k x conta9s1 ,i %\ld z soon ?9k ( spell+ out all ! words1 z ( read+ out all ! s5t5ces4 ,j z1 9 li/5+ to a sl[ speak]1 y div9e ! :ole mean+ ( :at he is ab\t to say1 be=e he has got half ?r\gh 8 s5t5ce1 s1 9 read+1 y c ga!r ! full s5se ( ! ideas :i* any s5t5ce conta9s1 )\t /opp+ to acc5tuate ! words4 ,leav+ aside ! purely lit]>y works1 9 :i* =m or /yle is a pr$om9ant elem5t1 let u come to books ( sci5ce1 hi/ory1 biography1 voyages1 travels1 etc4 ,9 ^!1 ! primal aim is to convey in=mation1 & ?us ! /yle ( expression is little or no?+--! ?\ght or ! fact is all4 ,yet mo/ writ]s envelop ! ?\ght or ! fact 9 s mu* v]biage1 complicate x ) s _m episodes1 beat x out ?91 by s mu* it]ation & reit]ation1 t ! /ud5t mu/ ne$s le>n ! art ( skipp+1 9 self-def5se4 ,to "o 9 zeal\s pursuit ( k1 to read mo/ books ?r\gh is pay+ !m too extravagant a complim5t4 ,he has to read betwe5 ! l9es1 z x 71 to note d[n a fact "h1 or a ?\ght !re1 or an illu/ration else:]e1 & leaves alone all t contributes no?+ to 8 special purpose4 ,z ! quick1 practic$ eye glances ov] ! visible signs ( ?\ght1 page aft] page is rapidly absorb$1 & a book :i* w\ld occupy an ord9>y read] _m days 9 read+1 is ma/]$ 9 a few h\rs4 ,! habit ( read+ :i* ,i h outl9$1 & :i* may be t]m$ ! intuitive me?od1 or1 if y pref] x1 ! %ort-h& me?od1 w m ?an d\ble ! work+ p[] ( ! read]4 ,x is n difficult to practice1 especially to a busy man1 :o does ) all 8 might :at he has got to d4 ,b x %\ld be le>n$ e>ly 9 life1 :5 ! faculties are fre%1 ! m9d full ( zeal = k1 & ! m5tal habits are ductile1 n fix$4 ,) x "o's capacity = acquir+ k1 & consequ5tly 8 accompli%m5t1 :e!r z writ]1 tea*]1 libr>ian1 or private /ud5t1 w be immeasureably increas$4 ,d\btless x is true t "s native or intuitive gifts mu/ be conjo9$ ) mu* m5tal discipl9e & p]sev]ance1 9 ord] to rea* ! highe/ result1 9 ?is me?od ( read+1 z 9 any o!r /udy4 ,non omnia possumus omnes1 ,virgil says2 & !re are intellects :o c\ld no m ma/] su* a me?od1 ?an !y c\ld und]/& ! b9omial !orem1 or calculate ! orbit ( ,uranus4 ,if x be true1 z has be5 epigramatically said1 t a great book is a great evil1 let x be r$uc$ to a small "o by ! skilful use ( ! art ( skipp+4 ,!n1 he t runs may read z he runs--:ile1 )\t ?is refuge1 he t reads w (t5 assur$ly be tempt$ to run4 ,:at ,i said1 j n[1 9 deprecation ( set c\rses ( read+1 0 design$ = private /ud5ts only1 :o s (t5 f9d a /]eotyp$ sequ5ce ( books b>r5 or un9t]e/+4 ,x 0 n int5d$ to disc\rage ! pursuit ( a special c\rse ( /udy 9 ! s*ool1 or ! society1 or ! read+ class4 ,?is is1 9 fact1 "o ( ! be/ means ( intellectual progress4 ,"h1 !re is ! opportunity to discuss ! /yle1 ! m]its1 & ! *>act]i/ics ( ! au?or 9 h&1 & by ! attrition ( m9d ) m9d1 to in=m & ent]ta9 ! :ole circle ( read]s4 ,9 an association ( ?is k9d1 embrac+ "o or two acute m9ds1 ! excell5t practice ( read+ al\d f9ds its be/ results4 ,"h1 too1 ! art ( expression becomes important1 h[ to adapt ! s\nd to ! s5se1 by a j emphasis1 intonation1 & modulation ( ! voice4 ,9 %ort1 ! value ( a book ?us read & discuss$1 9 an appreciative circle1 may be m ?an d\bl$ to ea* read]4 ,x is almo/ lit]ally true t no book1 und]tak5 m]ely z task "w1 ev] help$ ! read] to k ( p]man5t or mat]ial value4 ,h[ _m p]sons1 /ruck by ,mr4 ,em]son's exalt$ praise ( ! writ+s ( ,plato1 h und]tak5 to g ?r\gh ! ,dialogues4 ,alas6 = ! va9 ambition to be or to seem le>n$6 ,aft] try+ to und]/& ! ,pha$o1 or fall+ asleep ov] ! ,gorgias1 ! book has be5 dropp$ z ha/ily z x 0 tak5 up4 ,x 0 n p]ceiv$ t 9 ord] to enjoy or compreh5d a philosoph]1 "o mu/ h a capacity = ideas4 ,x requires almo/ z mu* intellig5ce to appreciate an idea z to conceive "o4 ,"o w br+ no?+ home f ! mo/ p]si/5t cruise aft] k1 unless he c>ries some?+ out4 ,9 ! realm ( le>n+1 we recognize ! full mean+ ( t ,scripture1 t to him t ha?1 %all be giv52 & he t ha? n1 ?\gh nev] s anxi\s to read & und]/& ,plato1 w quickly return to ! p]usal ( 8 daily newspap]4 ,x 7 easi]1 p]haps1 9 "o s5se1 to tell :at n to read1 ?an to recomm5d :at is be/ wor? read+4 ,9 ! publi%+ _w1 ?is is ! age ( compilation1 n ( creation4 ,if we seek = great orig9al works1 if we mu/ g to ! :olesale m]*ants to buy k1 s9ce retail g5iuses are wor? b little1 "o mu/ g back _m ye>s = 8 ma9 selection ( books4 ,x w\ld n be a bad rule = ^? :o c read b little1 to read no book until x has be5 publi%$ at lea/ a ye> or two4 ,?is fev] = ! newe/ books is n a :olesome condition ( ! m9d4 ,& s9ce a selection mu/ indisp5sably be made1 & t selection mu/ be1 = ! great mass ( read]s1 s rigid & s small1 :y %\ld preci\s "t be wa/$ ^u ! ephem]al productions ( ! h\r8 ,:at bus9ess1 = example1 has "o to be read+ ,rid] ,hagg>d1 or ,amlie ,rives1 or ,ian ,macl>51 :o has nev] read ,hom]1 or ,dante1 or ev5 s mu* z half-a-doz5 plays ( ,%akespe>e8 ,"o he>s ) dismay t ab\t ?ree-f\r?s ( ! books drawn f our popul> libr>ies are novels4 ,n[1 :ile su* aimless read+1 m]ely to be amus$1 is d\btless bett] ?an no read+ at all1 x is unque/ionably true t ov]-mu* read+ ( fiction1 especially at an e>ly age1 en]vates ! m9d1 weak5s ! w1 makes dream]s in/ead ( ?9k]s & work]s1 & fills ! imag9ation ) morbid & unreal views ( life4 ,yet ! va/ consumption ( novels is due m to ! *eapness & wide diffusion ( su* works1 & ! want ( wise direction 9 o!r fields1 ?an to any orig9al t5d5cy on ! "p ( ! "y4 ,p w always read ! mo/1 t :i* is mo/ put be=e !m1 if only ! /yle be attractive4 ,! mis*ief t is done by improp] books is lit]ally immeasureable4 ,! sup]abundance ( *eap fictions 9 ! m>kets creates & supplies an appetite :i* %\ld be direct$ by wise guidance into m improv+ fields4 ,a two-fold evil foll[s ^u ! read+ ( e unwor?y book2 9 ! fir/ place1 x absorbs ! "t :i* %\ld be be/[$ ^u a wor?y "o2 & secondly1 x leaves ! m9d & he>t unimprov$1 in/ead ( conduc+ to ! b5efit ( bo?4 ,z !re are few books m elevat+ ?an a really good novel1 s !re are none m fruitful ( evil ?an a bad "o4 ,& :at ( ! newspap]8 x may be ask$4 ,:5 ,i consid] = h[ mu* really good lit]ature we are behold5 to ! daily & weekly press1 h[ indisp5sable is its function z purveyor ( ! news ( ! _w1 h[ widely x has be5 improv$ 9 rec5t ye>s1 ,i _c advise qu>rel+ ) ! bridge t br+s s _m across ! gulf ( ignorance4 ,yet ! newspap]1 l ! book1 is to be read sp>+ly1 & ) judgm5t4 ,x is to be us$1 n abus$4 ,i call t an abuse :i* squ&]s ! preci\s & unreturn+ h\rs ov] long *ronicles ( depravity4 ,! murd]s1 ! suicides1 ! executions1 ! divorces1 ! crim9al trials1 are ea* & all s l "o ano!r t x is only a wanton wa/e ( "t to read !m4 ,! morbid /yle 9 :i* social disord]s ( all k9ds are writt5 up 9 ! s5sational press1 ) />+ headl9es to attract att5tion1 ought to w>n (f e heal?y m9d f _! p]usal4 ,e sc&al 9 society t c be br\ght to ! surface is eag]ly caught up & p>ad$1 :ile ! millions ( p :o lead blameless lives ( c\rse g unnotic$ & un*ronicl$4 ,su* j\rnals ?us inculcate ! vile/ pessimism1 in/ead ( a :olesome & hone/ belief 9 ! av]age dec5cy ( human nature4 ,! prolixity ( ! n>rative1 too1 is always 9 mon/r\s disproportion to its importance4 ,does n ! burn+ ( a metropolitan !atre1 says a great writ]1 take above a million times z mu* tell+ z ! creation ( a _w8 ,"h is :]e ! art ( skipp+ is to be rigor\sly appli$4 ,read ! newspap] by headl9es only1--skipp+ all ! murd]s1 all ! fires1 all ! executions1 all ! crimes1 all ! news1 except ! mo/ important & imm$iately int]e/+1--& y w sp5d p]haps fifte5 or tw5ty m9utes ^u :at w\ld o!rwise occupy h\rs4 ,x is no exagg]ation to say t mo/ p]sons h sp5t "t en\gh ov] ! newspap]s1 to h giv5 !m a lib]al education4 ,z all read]s _c h ! same gifts1 s all _c enjoy ! same books4 ,!re are ^? :o c see no greatness 9 ,%akespe>e1 b :o ?9k ,tupp]'s ,prov]bial ,philosophy sublime4 ,"s w eag]ly dev\r e novel ( ,miss ,braddon's1 or ,! ,du*ess1 or ! woman call+ h]self ,ouida1 b !y _c appreciate ! ma/]ly fictions ( ,?ack]ay4 ,i h kn[n v good p :o c\ld n1 = ! life ( !m1 f9d any humor 9 ,dick5s1 b :o actually enjoy$ ! /ra9$ wit ( ,mrs4 ,p>t+ton & ,bill ,nye4 ,read]s :o c\ld n get ?r\gh a volume ( ,gibbon w read ) admiration a s-call$ ,hi/ory ( ,napoleon by ,abbott4 ,& ,i fe> t y w f9d _m a "y lady ( to-day1 :o is cont5t to be ignorant ( ,hom] & ,%akespe>e1 b :o is ravi%$ by ! *>ms ( ,trilby or ! ,heav5ly ,tw9s4 ,b ta/e 9 lit]ature1 z 9 art1 or 9 any?+ else1 c be cultivat$4 ,lay d[n ! rule1 & adh]e to x1 to read none b ! be/ books1 & y w soon lose all reli% = ! poor ones4 ,y c educate read]s into good judges1 9 no long "t1 by fe$+ !m on ! ma/]pieces ( ,engli% prose & poetry4 ,surely1 we all h cause to deprecate ! remorseless flood ( fictiti\s lit]ature 9 :i* bett] books are dr[n$4 ,be n dismay$ at ! va/ multitude ( books1 nor fe> t1 ) y\r small leisure1 y w nev] be able to ma/] any appreciable %>e ( !m4 ,few & f> betwe5 are ! great books ( ! _w4 ,! works :i* x is necess>y to "k1 may be compris$ 9 a comp>atively small compass4 ,! re/ are to be pres]v$ 9 ! great lit]>y cons]vatories1 "s z records ( ! pa/1 o!rs z *ronicles ( ! times1 & n a few z models to be avoid$4 ,! ,congressional ,libr>y at ,wa%+ton is our great ,national cons]vatory ( books4 ,z ! libr>y ( ! gov]nm5t--t is1 ( ! :ole p1--x is inclusive ( all ! lit]ature :i* ! c\ntry produces1 :ile all ! o!r libr>ies are & mu/ be m or less exclusive4 ,no ,national ,libr>y c ev] be too l>ge4 ,9 ord] t ! complet5ess ( ! collection %all n fail1 & to pres]ve ! :ole ( our lit]ature1 x is put into ! ,/atute ( ,copyright1 z a condition prec$5t ( ! exclusive "r to multiply copies ( any book1 t x %all be deposit$ 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress4 ,appreh5sion is sometimes express$ t our ,national ,libr>y w become ov]load$ ) tra%1 & s fail ( its usefulness4 ',tis a lo/ fe>4 ,!re is no act ( ,congress requir+ all ! books to be read4 ,! public s5se is cont9ually w9n[+ & sift+ ! lit]ature ( e p]iod1 & to books & _! au?ors1 e day is ! day ( judgm5t4 ,n[h]e 9 ! _w is ! inexorable law ( ! survival ( ! fitte/ m rigidly appli$ ?an 9 ! _w ( books4 ,! works :i* are ! mo/ frequ5tly re-pr9t$ 9 successive ages are ! ones :i* x is safe to /& by4 ,books may be divid$ into ?ree classes3 #a/1 acqua9tances2 #b;d1 fri5ds2 & #c;d1 intimates4 ,x is well en\gh to h an acqua9tance ) a multitude ( books1 z ) _m p2 ?\gh 9 ei!r case mu* "t %\ld n be giv5 to m]ely pleasant int]c\rse1 t leads to no result4 ,) our lit]>y fri5ds1 we c sp5d m "t1 = !y awak5 ke5 int]e/1 & are to be read ) ze/1 & consequ5tly ) pr(it4 ,b = our *os5 intimates1 our he>t-companions1 we res]ve our highe/ reg>d1 & our be/ h\rs4 ,*oice & sacr$ is ! book t makes an era 9 ! life ( ! read]2 ! book :i* fir/ r\ses 8 high] nature1 & awak5s ! reason or ! imag9ation4 ,su* a volume w _m a "o rememb]2 ! book :i* fir/ excit$ 8 own ?\ght1 made him consci\s ( untri$ p[]s1 & op5$ to 8 *>m$ vision a new _w4 ,su* a book has ,c>lyle's ,s>tor ,res>tus be5 to _m2 or ! play ( ,hamlet1 read = ! fir/ "t2 or ! ,fau/ ( ,goe!2 or ! ,confessions ( ,/4 ,augu/9e2 or an essay ( ,em]son2 or ,john ,rusk92 or ! ,div9e ,com$y ( ,dante2 or ev5 an exquisite "w ( fiction1 l ,john ,halifax1 or ,h5ry ,esmond4 ,:at ! book is t works su* miracles is nev] ( s mu* importance z ! epo* 9 ! m9d ( ! read] :i* x signalizes4 ,x 7 va9 to s+le out any "o writ]1 & say to all read]s--,"h is ! book t mu/ indisp5sably be read2 = ! same book w h totally diff]5t effects ^u diff]5t m9ds1 or ev5 ^u ! same m9d1 at diff]5t /ages ( developm5t4 ,:5 ,i h be5 ask$ to contribute to ! once popul> symposia ^u ,books :i* h help$ me1--,i h decl9$1 = su* catalogues ( intellectual aids are liable to be v mislead+4 ,?us1 if ,i 7 to "n ! book :i* did m ?an mo/ o!rs = my own m9d1 ,i %\ld say t x 0 ! ,emile ( ,r\sseau1 read at ab\t ! age ( sev5te54 ,?is "w1 writt5 ) t m>vell\s eloqu5ce :i* *>act]ises all ! be/ productions ( ,jean ,jacques1 fir/ br\ght me acqua9t$ ) ^? advanc$ ideas ( education :i* h p5etrat$ ! :ole mod]n _w4 ,yet ! ,emile w\ld probably appe> to mo/ ( my read]s trite & common-place1 z x w\ld n[ to me1 = ! reason t we h long pass$ ! p]iod ( developm5t :5 its ideas 7 new to u4 ,b ! =mative p[] ( books c nev] be ov]-rat$3 _! subtle ma/]y to /imulate all ! g]ms ( intellectual & moral life t lie enfold$ 9 ! m9d4 ,z ! poet s+s-- ,books are n seldom talismans & spells4 ,:y %\ld !y n be s8 ,!y furni% u ! means1 & ! only means1 :]eby we may hold communion ) ! ma/]-spirits ( all ages4 ,!y br+ u acqua9t$ ) ! be/ ?\ghts :i* ! human m9d has produc$1 express$ 9 ! noble/ language4 ,books create = u ! _m-sid$ _w1 c>ry u abroad1 out ( our n>r[ prov9cial horizons1 & reveal to u new sc5]y1 new m51 new languages1 & new modes ( life4 ,z we read1 ! m9d exp&s ) ! horizon1 & becomes broad z ! blue heav5 above u4 ,) ,hom]1 we brea! ! fre% air ( ! pri/9e _w1 :5 ! light ( poetry gild$ e m\nta9 top1 & peopl$ ! e>? ) h]oes & demigods4 ,) ,plut>*1 we walk 9 company ) sages1 w>riors1 & /atesm51 & k9dle ) admiration ( _! virtues1 or are r\s$ to indignation at _! crimes4 ,) ,sophocles1 we s\nd ! dep?s ( human passion1 & le>n ! sublime lesson ( endurance4 ,we are *>m$ ) an ode ( ,horace1 p]fect 9 rhy?m1 p]fect 9 s5tim5t1 p]fect 9 diction1 & p]fect 9 moral2 ! cond5s$ ess5ce ( volumes 9 a s+le page4 ,we walk ) ,dante ?r\gh ! ne!r _w1 aw$ by ! trem5d\s p[] ) :i* he depicts = u ! secrets ( ! prison h\se4 ,) ,milton1 we m\nt heav5-w>d1 & 9 ! immortal v]se ( 8 m9or poems1 f9] ev5 ?an ! /ately m>* ( ,p>adise ,lo/1 we he> cele/ial music1 & brea! div9] air4 ,) t sov]eign arti/1 ,%akespe>e1 full equally ( delight & ( maje/y1 we sweep ! horizon ( ?is complex human life1 & become compreh5sive s*ol>s & citiz5s ( ! _w4 ,! ma/]s ( fiction en?rall u ) _! fasc9at+ pages1 "o mom5t %ak+ u ) uncontrollable laught]1 & ! next1 dissolv+ u 9 te>s4 ,9 ! pres5ce ( all ^! emanations ( g5ius1 ! wise read] may fe$ on nect> & ambrosia1 & =get ! petty c>es & vexations ( to-day4 ,!re are "s books t *>m u by _! wit or _! sweetness1 o!rs t surprise & captivate u by _! /r5g?3 books t refre% u :5 we>y3 books t com=t u :5 afflict$3 books t /imulate u by _! robu/ heal?3 books t exalt & ref9e our natures1 z x 71 to a f9] m\ld3 books t r\se u l ! s\nd ( a trumpet3 books t illum9e ! d>ke/ h\rs1 & fill all our day ) delight4 ,x is books t record ! advance & ! decl9e ( nations1 ! exp]i5ce ( ! _w1 ! a*ievem5ts & ! possibilities ( mank9d4 ,x is books t reveal to u ideas & images almo/ above ourselves1 & g f> to op5 = u ! gates ( ! invisible4 ,a riv] ( ?\ght1 says ,em]son1 is cont9ually fl[+ out ( ! invisible _w into ! m9d ( man3 & we may add t books conta9 ! mo/ fruitful & p]man5t ( ! curr5ts ( t mighty riv]4 ,i am n dispos$ to celebrate ! praises ( all books1 nor to recomm5d to read]s ( any age a habit ( indiscrim9ate read+3 b = ! books :i* are true help]s & tea*]s1 ! ?\ghts ( ! be/ poets1 hi/orians1 publici/s1 philosoph]s1 orators1--if _! value is n real1 !n !re are no realities 9 ! _w4 ,v true is x1 nev]!less1 t ! _m-sid$ man _c be cultivat$ by books alone4 ,"o may le>n by he>t :ole libr>ies1 & yet be pr(\ndly unacqua9t$ ) ! face ( nature1 or ! life ( man4 ,! pale /ud5t :o gives himself :olly to books pays ! p5alty by los+ t robu/ en]gy ( "*1 t sympa?y ) 8 k9d1 t ke5 s5se ( ! *>ms ( e>? & sky1 t are ess5tial to complete developm5t4 ,! _w's great m51 says ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes1 h n commonly be5 great s*ol>s1 nor its s*ol>s great m54 ,to "k :at o!r m5 h said ab\t ?+s is n always ! mo/ important "p ( k4 ,!re is no?+ t c disp5se u f ! indep5d5t use ( our own faculties4 ,m$itation & obs]vation are m valuable ?an m]e absorption2 & k itself is n wisdom4 ,! true way to use books is to make !m our s]vants--n our ma/]s4 ,v helpful1 *e]+1 & pr(itable w !y become1 :5 !y fall naturally into our daily life & gr[?--:5 !y tally ) ! moods ( ! m9d4 ,! habits & me?ods ( read]s are z v>i\s z ^? ( au?ors4 ,?us1 !re are "s read]s :o gobble a book1 z ,boswell tells u ,dr4 ,johnson us$ to gobble 8 d9n]--eag]ly1 & ) a furi\s appetite1 sugge/ive ( dyspepsia1 & ! non-assimilation ( food4 ,!n !re are sl[ read]s1 :o plod along ?r\gh a book1 s5t5ce by s5t5ce1 putt+ 9 a m>k consci5ti\sly :]e !y left (f to-day1 s z to beg9 at ! self-same spot to-morr[2 fa/ read]s1 :o gallop ?r\gh a book1 z y w\ld ride a fly+ bicycle on a race2 dr[sy read]s1 to :om a book is only a cov]t apology = a nap1 & :o pret5d to be read+ ,macaulay or ,h]b]t ,sp5c] only to dream betwe5 ! leaves2 s5sitive read]s1 :o _c abide ! lea/ noise or int]ruption :5 read+1 & to ^: n]ves a foot-fall or a conv]sation is an exquisite torture2 absorb$ read]s1 :o are s pre-occupi$ ) _! pursuit t !y =get all _! surr\nd+s--! "t ( day1 ! pres5ce or ! voices ( o!rs1 ! h\r = d9n]1 & ev5 _! own exi/5ce2 cr$ul\s read]s1 :o believe ev]y?+ !y read because x is pr9t$ 9 a book1 & swall[ )\t w9k+ ! mo/ colossal ly+2 critical & capti\s read]s1 :o qu>rel ) ! blund]s or ! beliefs ( _! au?or1 & :o _c refra9 f call+ him an idiot or an ass--& p]haps ev5 writ+ him d[n s on 8 own pages2 admir+ & receptive read]s1 :o f9d fre% beauties 9 a favorite au?or e "t !y p]use him1 & ev5 discov] beautiful swans 9 ! /upide/ geese t ev] cackl$ along ! fl[]y meads ( lit]ature2 rev]5t read]s1 :o treat a book z !y w\ld treat a great & good man1 consid]ately & politely1 c>efully bru%+ ! du/ f a belov$ volume ) ! sleeve1 or t5d]ly lift+ a book fall5 to ! floor1 z if !y ?\ght x suff]$1 or felt h>m2 c>eless & r\gh read]s1 :o w turn d[n books on _! faces to keep ! place1 tumble !m ov] 9 heaps1 cram !m into %elves nev] meant = !m1 scribble ^u ! m>g9s1 dogs-e> ! leaves1 or ev5 cut !m ) _! f+]s--all brutal & intol]able practices1 totally unwor?y ( any "o pret5d+ to civilization4 ,to ^? :o h well le>n$ ! art ( read+1 :at inexhau/ible delights does ! _w ( books conta96 ,) ,milton1 to behold ! bright c\nt5ance ( tru?1 9 ! quiet & /ill air ( delightful /udies2 to j\rney ?r\gh f> c\ntries ) ,m>co ,polo2 to /e] across an unkn[n sea ) ,columbus1 or to brave ! dang]s ( ! froz5 ocean ) ,nans5 or ,dr4 ,kane2 to /udy ! mann]s ( anci5t nations ) ,h]odotus2 to live ov] aga9 ! life ( ,greece & ,rome ) ,plut>*'s h]oes2 to trace ! decl9e ( empires ) ,gibbon & ,momms52 to pursue ! /ory ( ! mod]n _w 9 ! pages ( ,hume1 ,macaulay1 ,?i]s & ,sismondi1 & our own ,prescott1 ,motley1 & ,bancr(t2 to enjoy afre% ! eloqu5ce ( ,demo/h5es1 & ! poli%$ & spl5did diction ( ,cic]o2 to dr9k 9 ! wisdom ( philosoph]s1 & to walk ) ,socrates1 ,plato & ! /oics ?r\gh ! groves ( ,academia2 to be k9dl$ by ! sa9tly utt]ances ( prophets & apo/les1 ,/4 ,paul's high reason+ ( immortality1 or ! s]aphic visions ( ,/4 ,john2 to /udy ! laws t gov]n communities ) ! great publici/s1 or ! economy ( nations ) ,adam ,smi? & ,/u>t ,mill2 ) ! naturali/s1 to s\nd ! dep?s ( ! argum5t z to ! orig9 ( species & ! g5esis ( man2 ) ! a/ronom]s1 to leave ! n>r[ b\nds ( e>?1 & explore ! illimitable spaces ( ! univ]se1 9 :i* our sol> sy/em is b a speck2 ) ! ma!maticians1 to quit ! unc]ta9 realm ( speculation & assumption1 & plant our feet firmly on ! rock ( exact sci5ce3--to come back anon to light] !mes1 & to revel 9 ! grotesque humor ( ,dick5s1 ! philosophic page ( ,bulw]1 ! *ivalric romances ( ,walt] ,scott1 ! ideal creations ( ,haw?orne1 ! f9i%$ life-pictures ( ,george ,eliot1 ! p[]ful imag9ation ( ,victor ,hugo1 & ! ma/]ly del9eations ( ,?ack]ay2 to hang ov] ! absorb+ biographies ( ,dr4 ,frankl91 ,walt] ,scott & ,dr4 ,johnson2 to p]use ) fre% delight ! ma/]pieces ( ,irv+ & ,goldsmi?1 & ! be/ essays ( ,hazlitt1 ,de ,qu9cey1 ,*>les ,lamb1 & ,montaigne2 to feel ! inspiration ( ! great poets ( all ages1 f ,hom] d[n to ,t5nyson2 to read ,%akespe>e--a book t is 9 itself almo/ a univ]sity3--is n all ?is satisfaction en\gh = human appetite1 h[ev] crav+1 solace en\gh = tr\ble1 h[ev] bitt]1 occupation en\gh = life1 h[ev] long8 ,!re are pleasures t p]i% 9 ! us+2 b ! pleasure :i* ! art ( read+ c>ries ) x is p]5nial4 ,he :o c fea/ on ! intellectual spoils ( c5turies ne$ fe> nei!r pov]ty nor hung]4 ,9 ! society ( ^? immortals :o /ill rule our spirits f _! urns1 we become assur$ t ?\gh heav5 & e>? may pass away1 no true ?\ght %all ev] pass away4 ,! great orator1 on ^: lips once hung multitudes1 dies & is =gott52 ! great actor passes swiftly (f ! /age1 & is se5 no m2 ! great s+]1 ^: voice *>m$ li/5+ cr[ds by its melody1 is hu%$ 9 ! grave2 ! great prea*] survives b a s+le g5]ation 9 ! memory ( m52 all we :o n[ live & act mu/ be1 9 a little :ile1 ) ye/]day's sev5 ?\s& ye>s3--b ! book ( ! great writ] lives on & on1 inspir+ age aft] age ( read]s1 & has 9 x m ( ! se$s ( immortality ?an any?+ ^u e>?4 ,,*apt] #aj4 ,,aids ,,to ,,read]s4 ,!re is "o v5]able ,lat9 prov]b :i* des]ves a wid] recognition ?an x has yet receiv$4 ,x is to ! effect t ! be/ "p ( le>n+ is to "k :]e to f9d ?+s4 ,f lack ( ?is k1 an unskill$ read] w (t5 sp5d h\rs 9 va9ly se>*+ = :at a skill$ read] c f9d 9 less ?an five m9utes4 ,n[1 libr>ians are presum$ to be skill$ read]s1 al?\gh x w\ld n be q safe to apply ?is designation to all ( t pr(ession1 s9ce !re are ^? among libr>ians1 or _! assi/ants1 :o are m]e novices 9 ! art ( read+ to advantage4 ,manife/ly1 "o _c tea* :at he does n "k3 & s ! libr>ian :o has n previ\sly travell$ ! same road1 w n be able to guide ! inquir+ read] :o asks him to po9t out ! way4 ,b if ! way has once be5 f\nd1 ! libr>ian1 ) only a fairly good memory1 kept 9 con/ant ex]cise by 8 vocation1 c f9d x aga94 ,/ill m surely1 if he has be5 ?r\gh x _m times1 w he "k x intuitively1 ! mom5t any "q is ask$ ab\t x4 ,x is true ( ! great majority ( read]s resort+ to a libr>y1 t !y h a mo/ imp]fect idea1 bo? ( :at !y want1 & ( ! prop] way to f9d x4 ,! _w ( k1 !y "k1 is va/1 & !y are q bewild]$ by ! _m pa?s t lead to "s "p or o!r ( x1 cross+ ea* o!r 9 all directions4 ,& among ! w\ld-be read]s may be f\nd e %ade ( intellig5ce1 & e degree ( ignorance4 ,!re is ! timid v>iety1 too mode/ or diffid5t to ask = any help at all1 & s feel+ ab\t among ! catalogues or o!r ref]5ce-books 9 a baffl$ se>* = in=mation4 ,!re is ! scioli/ v>iety1 :o kn[s x all1 or imag9es t he does1 & :o asks = pro( ( impossible facts1 ) an assurance born ( ! pr(\nde/ ignorance4 ,!n1 too1 !re is ! half-in=m$ read]1 :o is 9 se>* ( a book he once read1 b has clean =gott51 :i* _h a rem>kable description ( a tornado 9 ! ,we/1 or a /orm & %ip-wreck at sea1 or a wond]ful tropical g>d51 or a ?rill+ escape f prison1 or a desc5t into ! b[els ( ! e>?1 or a trem5d\s sn[-/orm1 or a sw>m+ flight ( migratory birds1 or a mausoleum ( dep>t$ k+s1 or a haunt$ *amb] hung ) tape/ry1 or ! fatal cav+-9 ( a coal-m9e1 or a widely de/ructive flood1 or a hair-bread? escape f cannibals1 or a race = life1 pursu$ by wolves1 or a wondr\s sub-m>9e grotto1 or a t]rible =e/ fire1 or any "o ( a hundr$ sc5es or descriptions1 all ( :i* ! libr>ian is presum$1 n only to h read1 b to h reta9$ 9 8 memory ! au?or1 ! title1 & ! v *apt] ( ! book :i* conta9$ x4 ,to give "s idea ( ! ext5t & v>iety ( in=mation :i* a libr>ian is suppos$ to possess1 ,i h be5 ask$1 almo/ at ! same "t1 to ref] a read] to ! orig9 ( ,c&lemas day1 to def9e ! ,pragmatic ,sanction1 to give1 out ( h&1 ! aggregate weal? ( ,great ,brita91 comp>$ ) t ( half-a-doz5 o!r nations1 to def9e ! limits ( neutrality or bellig]5t rights1 to expla9 :at is meant by ! ,gre%am law1 to tell :at %ip has made ! quicke/ voyage to ,europe1 :5 %e made x1 & :at ! "t 01 to elucidate ! mean+ ( ! ,c>ol9a doctr9e1 to expla9 ! "* & objects ( ! ,knights ( ! ,gold5 ,circle1 to tell h[ l>ge are ! end[m5ts ( ! ,briti% ,univ]sities1 to give ! orig9 ( ! cu/om ( egg-roll+1 to tell ! mean+ ( ! ciph] dispat*es1 to expla9 :o 0 ,extra ,billy ,smi?1 to tell ! aggregate numb] kill$ on all sides dur+ ! ,napoleonic w>s1 to c]tify :o wrote ! ,ve/iges ( ,creation1 or1 f9ally1 to give ! au?or ( "o ( ^? innum]able anci5t prov]bs1 :i* float ab\t ! _w )\t a fa!r4 ,! great numb] & v>iety ( su* inquiries z are prop\nd$ by read]s %\ld n appal "o4 ,nor %\ld "o too readily take refuge f a tr\blesome read] by ! plea1 h[ev] conv5i5t1 t ! libr>y conta9s no?+ on t subject4 ,:ile ?is may unque/ionably be true1 especially z reg>ds a small public libr>y1 x %\ld nev] be put =w>d z a c]ta9ty1 until "o has look$4 ,mo/ inquir+ read]s are v pati5t1 & be+ fully s5sible h[ mu* !y owe to ! free enjoym5t ( ! libr>y treasures1 & to ! aid ( ! sup]9t5d5t ( !m1 !y are will+ to wait = in=mation4 ,h[ev] busy y may be at ! mom5t1 ! read] c be ask$ to wait1 or to call at a less busy "t1 :5 y w be prep>$ ) a m satisfactory answ] ?an c be giv5 on ! spur ( ! mom5t4 ,:at _c be done to-day1 may (t5 be done to-morr[4 ,rememb] always1 t read]s are entitl$ to ! be/ & mo/ c>eful s]vice1 = a libr>ian is n only ! keep]1 b ! int]pret] ( ! intellectual /ores ( ! libr>y4 ,x is a good & a safe rule to let no opportunity ( aid+ a read] escape4 ,"o %\ld be p>ticul>ly c>eful to volunte] help to ^? :o are too new or too timid to ask3 & x is !y :o w be mo/ grateful = any assi/ance4 ,! libr>ian has only to put himself 9 _! place--7! gold5 rule = a libr>ian1 z = all ! _w besides71 & to consid] h[ (t51 9 8 own se>*es 9 libr>ies1 9 ! cont9ual1 nev]-end+ que/ ( k1 he w\ld h be5 ?ankful = a h9t f "s "o :o knew1 or _h be5 ov] ! gr\nd ( 8 se>* be=e2 & !n he w feel ! full value to ! novice1 ( su* k z he c imp>t4 ,he is n to =get t 8 sup]ior opportunities = le>n+ all ab\t ?+s1 ) a :ole libr>y at comm&1 & )9 elb[-rea* e h\r ( ! day1 %\ld impose ^u him a high] /&>d ( atta9m5t ?an mo/ read]s are suppos$ to h rea*$4 ,9 ! int]vals ( libr>y "w1 ,i am accu/om$ to consid] ! look+ up ( subjects or au?orities z "o ( my v be/ recreations4 ,x is z int]e/+ z a game ( :i/1 & mu* m pr(itable4 ,x is m welcome ?an r\t9e labor1 = x re/s or div]ts ! m9d1 by its v v>iety1 :ile1 to note ! diff]5t views or expressions ( writ]s on ! same subject1 af=ds almo/ endless ent]ta9m5t4 ,9 trac+ d[n a quotation also1 or ! half-rememb]$ l9e ( "s v]se 9 poetry1 y enc\nt] a ho/ ( p>allel poetic images or expressions1 :i* contribute to aid ! memory1 or to fe$ ! imag9ation4 ,or1 9 pursu+ a s\ght-= fact 9 hi/ory1 ?r\gh _m volumes1 y le>n collat]ally mu* t may nev] h met y\r eye be=e4 ,full1 z all libr>ies are1 ( :at we call tra%1 !re is almo/ no book :i* w n give u some?+1--ev5 ?\gh x be only ! negative virtue ( a model to be avoid$4 ,"o may n1 inde$1 always f9d :at he seeks1 because x may n exi/ at all1 or x may n be f\nd 9 ! limit$ range ( 8 small libr>y1 b he is almo/ sure to f9d some?+ :i* gives food = ?\ght1 or = memory to note4 ,& ?is is "o ( ! =emo/ attractions1 let me add1 ( ! libr>ian's call+2 x is m full ( intellectual v>iety1 ( wide-op5 av5ues to k1 ?an any o!r vocation :atev]4 ,8 daily que/s 9 pursuit ( in=mation to lay be=e o!rs1 br+ him acqua9t$ ) passages t are full ( endless sugge/ion = himself4 ,he may n be able to pursue any ( ^! av5ues at ! mom5t2 b he %\ld make a m5tal or a writt5 note ( !m1 = future b5efit4 ,8 daily bus9ess be+ le>n+1 :y %\ld he n 9 "t1 become le>n$8 ,!re are1 ( c\rse1 among ! inf9itude ( que/ions1 t come be=e ! libr>ian1 "s t are really insoluble problems4 ,"o ( ^! is to be f\nd among ! topics ( inquiry ,i j n[ sugge/$2 namely3 :at is ! aggregate weal? ( ,great ,brita91 or t ( o!r nations8 ,?is is a "q frequ5tly ask$ by inquir+ ,congressm51 :o imag9e t an answ] may readily be _h f "o ( ^? gift$ libr>ians :o is inve/$ ) t apocryphal attribute1 commonly call$ omnisci5ce4 ,b ! inquir] is sudd5ly confront$ by ! fact 7& a v /ubborn fact x is7 t n a s+le =eign nation has ev] tak5 any c5sus ( weal? :atev]4 ,9 ,great ,brita9 7ab\t :i* c\ntry inquiry z to ! national res\rces m l>gely c5tres7 ! gov]nm5t wisely lets alone ! attempt to tabulate ! value ( private weal?1 kn[+ t su* an object is utt]ly impracticable4 ,b1 :ile ! ,briti% c5sus makes no attempt at e/imat+ ! prop]ty ( ! p1 ! indep5d5t e/imates ( /ati/ical writ]s v>y hopelessly & irreconcilably4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,r4 ,mc,culloch1 "o ( ! =emo/ accr$it$ writ]s on economic sci5ce1 lays x d[n z a dictum1 t sixty ye>s is ! %orte/ "t 9 :i* ! capital ( an old & d5sely-peopl$ c\ntry c be expect$ to be d\bl$4 ,yet ,joseph ,l[e assumes ! weal? ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom to h d\bl$ 9 eighte5 ye>s1 f #ahbc to #ahda2 :ile ,george ,r4 ,port]1 9 8 widely-accr$it$ book on ! ,progress ( ! ,nation1 & ,leoni ,levi1 a publici/ ( high reputation1 make out1 7by comb9+ _! e/imates7 t ! private weal? ( ,engl& increas$ fifty p] c5t4 9 sev5te5 ye>s1 at :i* rate x w\ld d\ble 9 ab\t tw5ty-n9e ye>s1 in/ead ( sixty1 z laid d[n by ,mr4 ,mc,culloch4 ,mr4 ,levi calculates ! aggregate private weal? ( ,great ,brita9 9 #aheh1 at #bi1agh1jjj1jjj1 be+ a fraction less ?an ! guesses ( ! c5sus enum]ators at ! national weal? ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 twelve ye>s lat]1 9 #ahgj4 ,c "o guess be said to be any ne>] ! fact ?an ! o!r8 ,may we n be p>don$ = treat+ all e/imates z utt]ly fallaci\s t are n bas$ ^u kn[n facts & figures8 ,:y d we he> s mu* ( ! approximate correctness ( s _m /ati/ical tables1 :51 9 po9t ( fact1 ! prim>y data are incapable ( pro(1 & ! av]ages & conclusions built ^u !m are all assum$8 ,/ati/icians1 says "o ( ! frat]nity1 are g5]ally held to be em95tly practical p2 on ! contr>y1 !y are m giv5 to !oriz+ ?an any o!r class ( writ]s2 & are g5]ally less exp]t 9 x4 ,9 ! pres5ce ( su* gross discrepancies z ^!1 by /ati/icians ( ! highe/ repute1 & among su* a practical p z ! ,engli%1 :at value c be atta*$ to ! m]e e/imates ( weal? :i* h be5 attempt$ 9 ! c5sus ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates8 ,! c>eful ,sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,c5sus ( #ahgj & #ahhj1 ! late ,francis ,a4 ,walk]1 writes conc]n+ x3 ,at ! be/1 ^! figures repres5t b ! op9ion ( "o man1 or ( a body ( m51 9 ! collection ( mat]ial1 & 9 ! calculation ( ! sev]al elem5ts ( ! public weal?4 ,& 9 ! la/ ,c5sus ,report = #ahij1 ! results ( ! s-call$ c5sus ( weal?1 are cauti\sly submitt$1 z %[+ 9 a g5]al way a cont9u\s increase 9 ! weal? ( ! nation1 ! exact proportions ( :i* _c be measur$4 ,n[1 :at are we to conclude reg>d+ ! attempt to elevate to a rank 9 /ati/ical sci5ce1 m]e e/imates ( private weal?1 = a l>ge portion ( :i*1 by ! /atem5ts ( ^? :o make !m1 no actual /ati/ical data exi/8 ,& :5 ?is is confess$ly ! case 9 our own c\ntry1 ! only "o attempt+ ! impossible task ( tabulat+ ! weal? ( ! p1 :at %all we say ( ! dem& t is made ^u our cr$ulity ( accept+ ! guesses ( ,mr4 ,giff51 or ,mr4 ,mulhall1 z to ,briti% weal?8 ,are we n ju/ifi$ 9 apply+ ! old ,lat9 maxim--,de non app>5tibus1 et de non exi/5tibus1 eadem e/ ratio1 & reply+ to ^? :o dem& ( u to "k h[ mu* any nation is wor?1 t x is sometimes an important "p ( k to "k t no?+ c be kn[n8 ,among ! lit]ally innum]able inquiries liable to be made ( a libr>ian1 "h is "o :i* may give him m ?an a mom5t's pause1 unless he is uncommonly well v]s$ 9 ,am]ican political hi/ory--namely1 ,:at 0 ! ,o/5d ,manife/o8 ,to a m9d n previ\sly in/ruct$ ^! two words ,o/5d ,manife/o1 convey absolutely no mean+4 ,y turn to ! /&>d encyclopa$ias1 ,appleton's1 ,johnson's ,univ]sal1 & ! ,britannica1 & y f9d an acc\nt ( ,o/5d1 a little ,belgian city1 its locality1 comm]ce1 & population1 b absolutely no?+ ab\t an ,o/5d manife/o4 ,b 9 ,j4 ,n4 ,l>n$'s ,hi/ory = ,ready ,ref]5ce1 a useful book 9 five volumes1 arrang$ 9 alphabetical ord]1 y get a clue4 ,x ref]s y f ,o/5d1 "u lett] ,o1 to ,cuba1 :]e y le>n t ?is =midable ,o/5d manife/o 0 no?+ m nor less ?an a pap] drawn up & sign$ by ,messrs4 ,bu*anan1 ,mason1 & ,slidell1 ,m9i/]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to ,great ,brita91 ,france1 & ,spa91 respectively1 :5 at ! wat]+-place ( ,o/5d1 9 #ahed1 import+ t ! isl& ( ,cuba ought to1 & "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 mu/ belong to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,look+ a little f>!r1 z ! manife/o is n publi%$ 9 ,l>n$1 y f9d ! text ( ! docum5t itself 9 ,cluskey's ,political ,text-,book1 ( #ahfj1 & 9 "s ( ! ,am]ican newspap]s ( #ahed4 ,?is is a case ( pursu+ a once notori\s1 b m rec5tly obscure topic1 ?r\gh _m works ( ref]5ce until f\nd4 ,9 _m se>*es = names ( p]sons1 x becomes highly important to "k be=e-h& :]e to look1 & equally important :]e n to look1 = c]ta9 biographies4 ,?us1 if y seek = ! "n ( any liv+ "*1 x is necess>y to "k t x w\ld be useless to look 9 ! ,encyclopdia ,britannica1 because ! rule ( compilation ( t "w purposely conf9$ its sket*es ( notable p]sons to ^? :o 7 already deceas$ :5 its volumes appe>$4 ,s y save ! "t ( hunt+ 9 at lea/ "o conspicu\s "w ( ref]5ce1 be=e y beg91 by simply kn[+ its plan4 ,9 l mann]1 y %\ld "k t x is useless to se>* = two classes ( names 9 ! ,diction>y ( ,national ,biography1 ! mo/ copi\s biographical diction>y ( ,briti% p]sonages ev] publi%$1 begun 9 #ahhe1 "u ,leslie ,/eph51 & rea*+ its sixty-fir/ volume1 & lett] ,w 9 #ahii1 "u ! editor%ip ( ,sidney ,lee4 ,^! two classes ( names are fir/1 all p]sons n ,briti%1 t is1 n ei!r ,engli%1 ,scotti% or ,iri%2 & secondly1 names ( ,briti% p]sons n[ liv+4 ,?is is because ?is great "w1 l ! ,britannica1 purposely conf9es itself to ! names ( notables deceas$2 &1 unlike ! ,britannica1 x fur!r limits its biographies to p]sons connect$ by bir? or long resid5ce ) ! ,briti% k+dom4 ,kn[+ ?is fact be=e-h&1 w save any "t wa/$ 9 se>*+ ! ,diction>y ( ,national ,biography = any p]sons n[ liv+1 or = any ,am]ican or ,european names4 ,ano!r caveat may prop]ly be int]pos$ z reg>ds se>*es = in=mation 9 t mo/ widely adv]tis$ & circulat$ ( all works ( ref]5ce1--! ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica4 ,! plan ( t "w 0 to furni% ! read+ public ) ! v be/ treatises ^u lead+ topics 9 sci5ce1 hi/ory1 & lit]ature1 by em95t s*ol>s & speciali/s 9 v>i\s fields4 ,pursuant to ?is g5]al s*eme1 ea* great subject has a mo/ elaborate1 & sometimes almo/ exhau/ive article--z1 = example1 *emi/ry1 geology1 etc41 :ile ! m9or divisions ( ea* topic d n appe> 9 ! alphabet at all1 or appe> only by cross-ref]5ce to ! g5]ic "n "u :i* !y are treat$4 ,x results1 t :ile y f9d1 = example1 a mo/ ext5sive article ^u ,anatomy1 fill+ a l>ge "p ( a volume ( ! ,britannica1 y look 9 va9 9 ! alphabet = su* subjects z blood1 bra91 c>tilage1 s9ew1 tissue1 etc41 :i* are describ$ only 9 ! article ,anatomy4 ,?is me?od has to be well compreh5d$ 9 ord] = any read] to make use ( ?is great ,cyclopa$ia und]/&+ly4 ,ev5 by ! aid ( ! ,engli% index to ! "w1 issu$ by its =eign publi%]s1 ! read] :o is 9 ha/y que/ ( in=mation 9 ! ,britannica1 w mo/ frequ5tly be baffl$ by n f9d+ any m9or subject 9 ! index4 ,! ,engli% nation1 judg$ by mo/ ( ! productions ( its lit]>y & sci5tific m5 9 t field1 has small g5ius = index+4 ,x 0 res]v$ to an ,am]ican to prep>e & pr9t a ?or\gh index1 at once alphabetical & analytical1 to ?is great ,engli% !saurus ( in=mation--an index t5 times m copi\s1 & !re=e m useful to ! /ud5t1 ?an ! meagre "o issu$ 9 ,engl&4 ,?is index fills #c1ijj closely pr9t$ columns1 =m+ ! :ole ( volume #be ( ! ,philadelphia edition ( ! "w4 ,by its aid1 e "n & e topic1 treat$ any:]e 9 ?is va/ repository ( human k c be trac$ out & appropriat$2 :ile )\t x1 ! ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1 ) all its great m]its1 mu/ rema9 v mu* 9 ! nature ( a seal$ book to ! read] :o /&s 9 ne$ ( imm$iate use & ref]5ce4 ,we h to take x = :at x is--a collection ( ma/]ly treatises1 r ?an a h&y diction>y ( k4 ,! usefulness & success ( any libr>y w dep5d v l>gely ^u ! sympa?y1 s to speak1 betwe5 ! read]s & ! libr>ian4 ,:5 ?is is well e/abli%$1 ! re/ is v easy4 ,! libr>ian %\ld n seclude himself s z to be practically inaccessible to read]s1 nor tru/ :olly to assi/ants to answ] _! inquiries4 ,?is may be necess>y 9 "s l>ge libr>ies1 :]e great & div]sifi$ int]e/s connect$ ) ! build+ up ( ! collection1 ! catalogue sy/em1 & ! libr>y managem5t & adm9i/ration are all conc]n$4 ,9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y1 no "o ev] sees ! ,pr9cipal ,libr>ian2 ev5 ! next (fic]1 :o is call$ ! keep] ( ! pr9t$ books1 is n usually visible 9 ! read+-room at all4 ,a libr>ian :o is really desir\s ( do+ ! greate/ good to ! greate/ numb] ( p1 w be n only will+1 b anxi\s to answ] inquiries1 ev5 ?\gh !y may appe> to him trivial & unimportant4 ,/ill1 he %\ld also economise "t by cultivat+ ! habit ( putt+ 8 answ]s into ! fewe/ & pla9e/ words4 ,h[ f> ! libr>ian %\ld place himself 9 direct communication ) read]s1 mu/ dep5d l>gely ^u ! ext5t ( ! libr>y1 ! labor requir$ 9 manag+ its v>i\s dep>tm5ts1 ! am\nt & value ( assi/ance at 8 comm&1 & ^u v>i\s o!r circum/ances1 dep5d+ ^u ! diff]5t conditions ) diff]5t libr>ians4 ,b x may be laid d[n z a safe g5]al rule1 t ! libr>ian %\ld hold himself p]petually z a public s]vant1 ready & anxi\s to answ] 9 "s way1 all inquiries t may come to him4 ,?us1 & ?us only1 c he make himself1 & ! collection ( books "u 8 *>ge1 useful 9 ! highe/ degree to ! public4 ,he w n inde$1 9 any ext5sive libr>y1 f9d x conv5i5t1 or ev5 possible1 to answ] all inquiries 9 p]son2 b he %\ld always be ready to enable 8 assi/ants to answ] !m1 by 8 sup]ior k z to ! be/ s\rces ( in=mation1 :5ev] !y fail to trace out :at is want$4 ,9 any small libr>y1 he %\ld be always accessible1 at or ne> ! place :]e p are accu/om$ to h _! wants = books or in=mation suppli$3 & ! public resort+ to ! libr>y w ?us come n only to rely ^u him = aid 9 _! intellectual rese>*es1 b to appreciate & respect him = ! wide ext5t ( 8 k1 & to consid] him1 9 "t1 an indisp5sable guide1 if n lead]1 9 ! community4 ,8 reputation1 9 fact1 w dep5d ^u ! ext5t to :i* he has be5 able to help o!rs1 z well z ^u ! numb] ( p :om he has ?us aid$4 ,9 a v high s5se1 ! true libr>ian is an educator2 8 s*ool is z l>ge z ! t[n 9 :i* 8 libr>y is situat$4 ,v few p 9 t t[n "k :at he is always presum$ to "k1--namely--to :at books to g to get answ]s to ! que/ions !y want answ]$4 ,9 supply+ cont9ually ! means ( answ]+ ^! c\ntless que/ions1 ! libr>y becomes actually a popul> univ]sity1 9 :i* ! libr>ian is ! pr(essor1 ! tuition is free1 & ! c\rse is optional1 bo? z to /udy & z to "t4 ,mo/ p]sons :o come to make any inve/igation 9 a public libr>y require a good deal ( assi/ance4 ,= example1 a read] is 9 ne$ ( ! late/ in=mation z to ! am\nt ( /eel & iron made 9 ?is c\ntry1 & :at ,/ate produces ^! important manufactures4 ,he has n ! fa9te/ idea :]e to look = ! in=mation1 except t x may be 9 ! c5sus1 b ! c5sus is n9e ye>s old1 & he wants rec5t facts4 ,x is va9 to turn him ov] to ! cyclopa$ias1 = !re is n "o ^: in=mation ^u su* /ati/ics comes any:]e ne> up to date4 ,y h to put be=e him a pamphlet annual1 publi%$ by ! ,am]ican ,iron & ,/eel ,association1 :i* conta9s exactly :at he wants2 & no o!r s\rce ( in=mation does conta9 x4 ,ano!r inquir] seeks to "k h[ to treat "s disease4 ,9 su* cases1 ( c\rse1 ! libr>ian %\ld n g f>!r ?an to put be=e ! read] a "w on dome/ic m$ic9e1 = x is n 8 function to deal 9 recomm5dations ( ?is1 t1 or ! o!r me?od ( treatm5t1 any m ?an x is to give legal op9ions1 if ask$--al?\gh he may h /udi$ law4 ,s1 if ! read] wants to "k ab\t ! religi\s t5ets ( ! ,presbyt]ians1 or ! ,mormons1 or ! ,buddhi/s1 or ! doctr9es ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & asks ! libr>ian's op9ion ab\t any controv]t$ "q ( belief1 he is to be answ]$ only by ! /atem5t t ! libr>y is !re to supply in=mation1 n op9ions1 & !n po9t$ to ! religi\s cyclopa$ias1 :i* give full summ>ies ( all ! sects4 ,he may frequ5tly be ask$ = in=mation on a subject :i* he kn[s no?+ ab\t2 & ,i h he>d a libr>ian decl>e1 t he (t5 f\nd himself able to give full] & bett] in=mation on a subject ( :i* he 0 previ\sly ignorant1 ?an ^u "o he _h long be5 famili> )4 ,! reason 0 t 9 ! "o case he _h fre%ly look$ up all ! au?orities1 & put !m be=e ! read]1 :ile 9 ! o!r1 giv+ ! ref]5ces f a memory1 m or less imp]fect1 he _h ov]look$ "s ( ! mo/ important means ( in=mation4 ,! con/ant ex]cise ( ! habit ( supply+ helps to read]s is a spl5did intellectual s*ool = ! libr>ian himself4 ,?r\gh x1 8 memory is quick5$ & consequ5tly improv$1 7z e faculty is by use7 8 habits ( m5tal classification & analysis are =m$ or /r5g!n$1 & 8 m9d is kept on ! al]t to utilize ! :ole ars5al ( ! k he has already acquir$1 or to acquire new k4 ,ano!r v important b5efit d]iv$ by ! libr>ian f 8 con/antly recurr+ att5tion to ! calls ( read]s = aid1 is ! sugge/ion !reby furni%$ ( ! defici5cies 9 ! collection 9 8 *>ge4 ,?is w be a cont9ual rem9d] to him1 ( :at he mo/ ne$s1 namely1 h[ to equip ! libr>y ) ! be/ & mo/ rec5t s\rces ( in=mation 9 e field ( inquiry4 ,:e!r ! libr>y be a l>ge or a small "o1 its defici5cies 9 "s directions are sure to be v consid]able3 & ^! gaps are m conspicu\sly reveal$ 9 try+ to supply read]s ) ! means ( mak+ :at may be t]m$ an exhau/ive rese>* ^u a giv5 subject1 ?an 9 any o!r way4 ,y f9d1 = example1 9 look+ up y\r au?orities 9 :at has come to be call$ ,egyptology1 t :ile y h ,wilk9son's ,anci5t ,egypt1 & ,lane's ,mod]n ,egyptians1 bo? ( :i* are v valuable works1 y h n ! m mod]n books ( ,brugs*-,bey1 or ( ,a4 ,h4 ,sayce1 or ( ,masp]o4 ,y may also f9d out1 by m+l+ freely ) a good "p ( ! read]s1 :at subjects are mo/ frequ5tly look$ into or inquir$ ab\t1 & y c ?us secure valuable in=mation z to ! directions 9 :i* ! libr>y mo/ ne$s /r5g!n+4 ,?us1 9 a community l>gely made up ( p connect$ ) manufactur+ int]e/s1 ! inquiries are liable to be mu* conc]n$ ) ! me*anic arts2 & y w\ld !re=e naturally seek to acquire a lib]al selection ( ! be/ & late/ works 9 te*nical sci5ce1 or ! useful arts4 ,if y h1 on ! o!r h&1 v few inquiries1 inde$1 = !ological works1 y take x z "s evid5ce t t dep>tm5t ( ! collection ne$s little enl>gem5t1 & y may devote y\r funds 9 o!r directions4 ,!n too1 ! great value ( popul>is+ ! libr>y by ! he>ty int]e/ %[n by ! libr>ian 9 ! wants ( ! p c h>dly be ov]-rat$4 ,?is int]e/1 be+ a p]5nial "o1 & cont9u$ ?r\gh a s]ies ( ye>s1 ! numb] ( citiz5s & _! families assi/$ w be con/antly on ! increase1 & ! public op9ion ( ! t[n w come 9 "t1 to reg>d ! libr>y z a great popul> necessity4 ,h5ce1 if x is an in/itution support$ 9 :ole or 9 "p by t[n or municipal funds1 its claims to lib]al consid]ation w be immeasurably /r5g!n$4 ,if an enl>gem5t ( room = ! books1 or ev5 a new libr>y build+ comes to be ne$$1 its *ances = secur+ ! funds requisite w be excell5t4 ,if a m lib]al supply ( new books1 or an ext5d$ range ( old] ones ( great value is report$ by ! libr>ian z want$ to increase ! usefulness ( ! libr>y1 ! au?orities w m *e]fully consid] ! claim4 ,& if x is propos$ t additional & compet5t assi/ance %all be giv5 to ! libr>ian1 or t he %\ld be m lib]ally comp5sat$ = 8 highly useful & important labors1 t1 too1 may be accompli%$--especially if x has come to be recogniz$ t by 8 wide k1 & skilful managem5t1 & helpful devotion to ! s]vice ( ! read+ public1 he has r5d]$ himself indisp5sable4 ,9 ! supply ( in=mation desir$ by read]s1 x is bett] to leave !m to _! own se>*1 once y h put be=e !m ! prop] au?orities1 ?an to sp5d y\r "t 9 turn+ = !m to ! volume & page4 ,?is1 = two reasons--fir/1 x leaves y\r own "t free to help o!r read]s1 or to att5d to ! ev]-wait+ libr>y "w2 &1 secondly1 x induces habits ( rese>* & self-help on ! "p ( ! read]4 ,x is en\gh = ! libr>ian to act z an intellig5t guide-po/1 to po9t ! way2 to travel ! road is ! bus9ess ( ! read] himself4 ,!re=e1 let ! visitor 9 que/ ( a quotation1 look x out 9 ! index ( ! volumes y put be=e him4 ,if he fails to f9d x1 x w !n be "t = y to int]v5e1 & l5d ! aid ( y\r m practic$ eye1 & sup]ior k ( h[ to se>*2 or else1 let ! read] look = x 9 "s m copi\s an?ology1 :i* y may put be=e him4 ,!re are multitudes ( inquiries = ! au?ors ( poems1 :i* are 9 no s5se famili> quotations1 nor ev5 select quotations1 b :i* are m]ely common-place s5tim5ts express$ 9 language q unpoetic1--& n ! "w ( any notable writ] at all4 ,!y are ei!r ! production ( "s utt]ly obscure au?or ( a volume ( v]se1 q unkn[n to fame1 or1 /ill m probably1 ! half-rememb]$ v]ses ( "s anonym\s contributor to ! poet's corn] ( ! newspap] or magaz9e4 ,9 su* cases1 :]e y see no poetic beauty or imag9ative p[] 9 ! l9es1 x is well to in=m ! inquir] at once t y d n ?9k !m ! production ( any not$ writ]1 & ?us end ! fruitless se>* = memoriz+ :at is n at all memorable4 ,:at may /rike uncultivat$ read]s z beautiful1 may be set d[n z tra%1 by a m9d t has be5 f$ ^u ! ma/]pieces ( poetry4 ,n t ! libr>ian is to assume ! air ( an oracle or a c5sor1 7some?+ to be 9 all circum/ances avoid$7 or to pron\nce positive judgm5t ^u :at is submitt$3 he %\ld in=m any admir+ read] ( a passage n ref]r$ to 9 any ( ! an?ologies1 & n possess+ app>5t poetic m]it1 t he believes ! au?or is unkn[n to fame4 ,t %\ld be suffici5t = any reasonably dispos$ read]1 :o1 aft] se>* duly complet$1 w g away answ]$1 if n satisfi$4 ,i gave "s in/ances ( ! s+ul> v>iety ( que/ions ask$ ( a libr>ian4 ,let me add "o1 report$ by ,mr4 ,rob]t ,h>rison1 ( ! ,london ,libr>y1 z ask$ ( him by ,william ,m4 ,?ack]ay4 ,! di/+ui%$ au?or ( ,esmond & ,! ,virg9ians want$ a book t w\ld tell ( ,g5]al ,wolfe1 ! h]o ( ,quebec4 ,i don't want to "k ab\t 8 battles1 said ! noveli/4 ,i c get all t f ! hi/ories4 ,i want some?+ t w tell me ! color ( ! bree*es he wore4 ,aft] due se>*1 ! libr>ian 0 oblig$ to confess t !re 0 no su* book4 ,a libr>ian is likely to be con/antly 9 a position to aid ! un9=m$ read] h[ to use ! books ( ref]5ce :i* e public libr>y conta9s4 ,! "y p]son :o is new to ! habit ( inve/igation1 or ! adult :o has nev] le>n$ ! me?od ( f9d+ ?+s1 ne$s to be %[n h[ to use ev5 s simple a ?+ z an index4 ,d n be impati5t ) 8 ignorance1 al?\gh y may f9d him fumbl+ ov] ! pages 9 ! body ( ! book 9 va91 to f9d :at y1 ) y\r acquir$ k ( indexes & _! use1 c f9d 9 half a m9ute or less4 ,practice alone c make "o p]fect 9 ! art ( se>* & spe$y f9d+4 ,! tyro :o tries y\r pati5ce ?is ye>1 w v likely become an exp]t read] ! next4 ,wide z is ! doma9 ( ignorance1 !re are few among ^? intellig5t en\gh to resort to a libr>y at all1 :o _c le>n4 ,y w f9d "s :o come to ! libr>y s unskill$1 t !y w turn ov] ! leaves ev5 ( an index1 9 a bl9d1 hap-haz>d way1 evid5tly at a loss h[ to use x4 ,^! mu/ be in/ruct$ fir/1 t ! index is arrang$ j l a diction>y1 9 ! alphabetical ord] ( ! names or subjects treat$1 & secondly1 t aft] f9d+ ! ^w !y seek 9 x1 !y mu/ turn to ! page indicat$ by ! figure atta*$ to t ^w4 ,?is is ! v prim] ( le>n+ 9 ! use ( a libr>y1 b ! libr>y 9 any t[n1 us$ z x is by _m boys & girls ( all ages1 has to be a prim>y s*ool = beg9n]s1 z well z a univ]sity = advanc$ /ud5ts4 ,despise n ! day ( small ?+s1 h[ev] y may f9d x m agreeable to be occupi$ ) great ones4 ,on ! o!r h&1 y w f9d at ! o!r extreme ( intellig5ce1 among y\r cli5tage ( read]s1 ^? :o are completely famili> ) books & _! uses4 ,!re are "s read]s frequ5t+ public libr>ies1 :o n only d n ne$ assi/ance !mselves1 b :o are fully compet5t to in/ruct ! libr>ian4 ,9 meet+ ! calls ( su* skill$ read]s1 :o always "k :at !y require1 x is nev] good policy to obtrude advice or sugge/ion1 b simply to supply :at !y call =4 ,y w readily recognize & discrim9ate su* exp]ts f ! mass ( read]s1 if y h good disc]nm5t4 ,sometimes !y are q z s5sitive z !y are intellig5t1 & x may annoy !m to h (f]$ !m books !y d n want1 9 ! abs5ce ( :at !y require4 ,an (fici\s1 or sup]-s]viceable libr>ian or assi/ant1 may sometimes prejudice su* a read] by pr(f]+ help :i* he does n want1 in/ead ( wait+ = 8 own call or occasion4 ,let u look at a few examples ( ! num]\s calls at a popul> libr>y4 ,= example1 a read] asks to see a book1 giv+ an acc\nt ( ! m>riage ( ! ,adriatic4 ,y "k t ?is conc]ns ! hi/ory ( ,v5ice & its ,doges1 & y turn to v>i\s books on ,v5ice1 & its hi/ory1 until y f9d a description ( ! /range fe/ival4 ,x may be1 & probably is ! case1 t ! books1 l mo/ descriptive works & n>ratives ( travell]s1 are )\t index4 ,?is is a disability 9 ! use ( books :i* y mu/ cont9ually enc\nt]1 s9ce multitudes ( volumes1 old & new1 are s5t out )\t a ve/ige ( an index to _! cont5ts4 ,"s writ]s h urg$ t a law %\ld be made refus+ copyright to ! au?or ( any book :o fail$ to provide x ) an index2 a requirem5t highly desirable1 b also highly impracticable4 ,yet y w f9d 9 mo/ books1 a division ( ! cont5ts into *apt]s1 & 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! volume a table ( ! cont5ts ( ea* *apt]1 giv+ its lead+ topics4 ,?is is a sub/itute = an index1 al?\gh 7n be+ arrang$ 9 alphabetical ord]7 x is f> less useful ?an t "t-sav+ aid to rese>*4 ,b y h to le>n to take advantage ( ev5 poor & inf]ior helps1 :5 y _c h ! be/1 7z a poor guide is bett] ?an no guide at all1 unless x misguides17 & s y run y\r eye quickly ?r\gh ! table ( cont5ts to f9d :at y seek4 ,9 ! case suppos$1 ( ! c]emony at ,v5ice1 y w be aid$ 9 ! se>* by hav+ 9 m9d t ! cat*-words involv$ are ,adriatic1 & ,doge1 & z ^! beg9 ) capital lett]s1 :i* /& out1 z x 71 f ! monoton\s l[] case type 7z pr9t]s call all ! lett]s t are n capitals7 y\r se>* w be mu* abridg$ by omitt+ to read ?r\gh all ! s5t5ces ( y\r table ( cont5ts1 & seiz+ only ! passage or passages :]e ,doge1 or ,adriatic1 may occur4 ,?is rem>k w apply z well to num]\s o!r se>*es :i* y w h to make 9 books4 ,! table ( cont5ts w commonly take note ( all ! m sali5t topics t are treat$ 9 ! book1 :e!r ( p]sons1 ( places1 ( notable sc5es1 hi/oric ev5ts1 etc41 & s w aid y 9 f9d+ :at y seek4 ,9 ! la/ resort only1 9 ! books ^: table ( cont5ts fails y1 w y h to turn ! leaves page by page1 :i*1 :ile n equival5t to read+ ! book ?r\gh1 is a "t-consum+ bus9ess4 ,( c\rse no libr>ian c devote h\rs ( 8 preci\s "t to se>*es 9 su* detail = read]s4 ,!y are to be suppli$ ) ! books likely to conta9 :at !y are 9 se>* (1 & left to seek x 9 _! own way1 ) su* h9ts & cautions z to sav+ "t by tak+ ! %orte/ road1 z ! exp]i5ce ( ! libr>ian enables him to supply4 ,! sugge/ions "h giv5 are n ne$$ by s*ol>ly read]s1 b are ! fruits ( long exp]i5ce 9 se>*+ books = :at !y conta94 ,aga91 let u take ! case ( a call by a read] :o happ5s to be a decorative pa9t]1 = patt]ns :i* may furni% him h9ts 9 f9i%+ an int]ior ( a h\se4 ,( c\rse he wants color--t is1 n !ory only1 b illu/ration1 or practical examples4 ,s y put be=e him ,ow5 ,jones's ,gramm> ( ,ornam5t1 or ,rac9et's ,l',ornem5t poly*rome1 bo? illu/rat$ ) _m beautiful designs 9 color1 :i* he is delight$ to f9d4 ,ano!r read] is anxi\s to see a picture ( ,/4 ,george & ! ,dragon4 ,if y h ! ,museum ( ,pa9t+ & ,sculpture1 9 #ag volumes1 or ,*ampl9's ,cyclopa$ia ( ,pa9t]s & ,pa9t+1 a diction>y ( art 9 f\r volumes1 y f9d x 9 ei!r "w1 9 ! alphabet1 "u ,/4 ,george1 & 8 want is satisfi$4 ,a y\ng/] wants to "k h[ to build a boat1 & y f9d him ,folk>d on ,boats1 or ,fraz>'s ,sail-boats1 :i* describe & figure v>i\s /yles ( wat]-craft4 ,p]haps an inquisitive read] wants to f9d out all ab\t ! families ( ! v>i\s languages1 & :at is kn[n ( _! orig91 & y supply him ) ,w4 ,d4 ,:itney's ,life & ,gr[? ( ,language1 or ,max ,mll]'s ,sci5ce ( ,language1 ei!r ( :i* furni%es full in=mation4 ,ano!r inquir] seeks = in=mation ab\t ! aggregate debts ( nations4 ,y give him ! great qu>to volume ( ! la/ ,c5sus on ,weal? & ,indebt$ness1 or = /ill lat] in=mation ! ,/atesman's ,ye> ,book = #ahii1 or ! ,almana* de ,go?a = ! curr5t ye>1 bo? ( :i* conta9 ! comp>ative debts ( nations at ! late/ dates4 ,! inquir] :o seeks to "k ! rates ( wages paid = all k9ds ( labor 9 a s]ies ( sev]al ye>s1 c be suppli$ ) ! elaborate ,report on ,labor & ,wages = fifty-two ye>s1 publi%$ by ! ,u4 ,s4 ,gov]nm5t 9 #ahic1 9 f\r volumes4 ,ano!r read] wi%es1 we w suppose1 to hunt up ! draw+s ( all pat5ts t h be5 issu$ on type-writ]s1 & type-writ+ inv5tions4 ,y put be=e him ! _m indexes to ! ,pat5t ,specifications & ,pat5t ,(fice ,gazette2 he makes out f ^! 8 li/ ( volumes want$1 :i* are at once suppli$1 & he falls to "w on 8 long1 b to him int]e/+ job4 ,a read] :o has se5 9 ! libr>y or else:]e a book he w\ld mu* l to own1 b _c f9d a copy 9 t[n1 wants to "k :at x w co/3 y turn to y\r ,am]ican or =eign catalogue1 cov]+ ! ye> ( publication1 & give him n only ! price1 b ! publi%]'s "n f :om he c ord] x1 & he goes on 8 way rejoic+4 ,an arti/ engag$ ^u a pa9t+ 9 :i* he wi%es to introduce a de]1 or a gr\p ( rabbits1 or an ,am]ican eagle1 or a peacock1 asks = an accurate picture ( ! bird or animal want$4 ,y put be=e him ,j4 ,s4 ,k+sley's ,riv]side ,natural ,hi/ory1 9 six volumes1 & 8 desire is satisfi$4 ,9 deal+ ) books ( ref]5ce1 !re w (t5 be f\nd v important discrepancies ( /atem5t1 diff]5t works giv+ diff]5t dates1 = example1 = ! same ev5t 9 hi/ory or biography4 ,next to a bible & a diction>y ( language1 !re is no book1 p]haps1 m common ?an a biographical diction>y4 ,our int]e/ 9 our fell[-m5 is p]5nial2 & we seek to "k n only _! *>act]i/ics1 & ! di/+ui%+ ev5ts ( _! lives1 b also ! "t ( _! bir? into ! _w & _! exit f x4 ,?is is a species ( /ati/ics ^u :i* "o naturally expects c]ta9ty1 s9ce no p]son em95t en\gh to be record$ at all is likely to h ! epo* ( 8 dea?1 at lea/1 unrem>k$4 ,yet ! seek] aft] exact in=mation 9 ! biographical diction>ies w f9d1 if he ext5ds 8 que/ among v>i\s au?orities1 t he is afloat on a sea ( unc]ta9ties4 ,n only c he n f9d out ! date ( decease ( "s fam\s navigators1 l ,sir ,john ,frankl9 & ,la ,p]\se1 :o sail$ into unexplor$ regions ( ! globe1 & 7 nev] he>d ( m1 b ! m5 :o di$ at home1 9 ! mid/ ( fri5ds & families1 are frequ5tly record$ z deceas$ at dates s discrepant t no +5uity c reconcile !m4 ,9 ,haydn's ,diction>y ( ,dates1 ,sir ,h5ry ,havelock 0 said to h di$ ,novemb] #be?1 #aheg1 :ile ,maund]'s ,treasury ( ,biography gives ,novemb] #ba/1 ! ,london ,almanac1 ,novemb] #bg?1 & ! ,life ( ,havelock1 by 8 bro!r-9-law1 ,novemb] #bd?4 ,"h are f\r di/9ct dates ( dea? giv51 by au?orities app>5tly equally accr$it$1 to a celebrat$ g5]al1 :o di$ )9 =ty ye>s ( our own "t4 ,( ! dea? ( ! notori\s ,robespi]re1 guillot9$ 9 #agid1 we f9d 9 ,*alm]s' ,biographical ,diction>y t he di$ ,july #aj?1 9 ,rees's ,cyclopa$ia1 ,july #bh?1 & 9 ,alison's ,hi/ory ( ,europe1 ,july #bi?4 ,d\btless x is "s com=t to reflect1 9 view ( 8 _m crimes1 t ! bloody tyrant ( ! ,jacob9s is really dead1 irrespective ( ! date1 ab\t :i* biograph]s may dispute4 ,( ! ,engli% me*anician ,joseph ,bramah1 inv5tor ( ! ,bramah lock1 we le>n f ! ,engli% ,cyclopa$ia1 t he di$ 9 #ahad1 & f ,rose's ,biographical ,diction>y1 t he di$ 9 #ahae4 ,n[1 al?\gh a l>ge %>e ( ! errors & discrepancies t ab\nd 9 biographical diction>ies & o!r books ( ref]5ce may be acc\nt$ = by mispr9ts1 o!rs by reckon+ old /yle in/ead ( new1 & _m m by c>elessness ( writ]s & transcrib]s1 x is pla9 t all ! v>iations _c be ?us acc\nt$ =4 ,no?+ is m common 9 pr9t+ (fices ?an to f9d a figure #f inv]t$ s]v+ z a #i1 a #e = a #c1 or a #c = an #h1 :ile #h1 #i1 & ,o1 are frequ5tly int]*ang$4 ,9 su* cases1 a ke5-ey$ pro(-read] may n always be pres5t to prev5t ! falsification ( hi/ory2 & x is a fact1 n suffici5tly recogniz$1 t to ! untir+ vigilance1 intellig5ce1 & h>d1 consci5ti\s labors ( pro(-read]s1 ! _w owes a deep] debt ( gratitude ?an x does to _m a fam\s mak] ( books4 ,x is easy en\gh to make books1 ,heav5 kn[s1 b to make !m correct1 ,hic labor1 hoc opus e/4 ,a high au?ority 9 encyclopa$ical lore tells u t ! be/ accr$it$ au?orities are at odds ) reg>d to ! bir? or dea? ( individuals 9 ! enorm\s ratio ( f tw5ty to tw5ty-five p] c5t4 ( ! :ole numb] 9 ! biographical diction>ies4 ,! ,portuguese poet ,camo5s is said by "s au?orities to h be5 born 9 #aeag1 & by o!rs 9 #aebe2 a discrepancy ( eight ye>s4 ,*ateaubri& is decl>$ by ! ,engli% ,cyclopa$ia to h be5 born ,septemb] #d?1 #agfh2 ,septemb] #ad?1 #agfh1 by ! ,n\velle ,biographie gnrale ( ,dr4 ,hoef]2 & ,septemb] #d?1 #agfi1 by ! ,conv]sations-,lexicon4 ,( c\rse x is cle> t all ^! au?orities _c be "r2 b :i* ( ! ?ree is s1 is matt] ( extreme d\bt1 leav+ ! /ud5t ( facts p]plex$ & unc]ta9 at ! v po9t :]e c]ta9ty is n only mo/ important1 b mo/ confid5tly expect$4 ,( ano!r k9d are ! errors t sometimes creep into works ( ref]5ce ( high cr$it1 by accept+ too confid5tly /atem5ts publicly made4 ,9 "o edition ( ! ,diction>y ( ,congress a c]ta9 honorable memb] f ,p5nsylvania1 9 uncommonly robu/ heal?1 0 a/oni%$ to f9d himself record$ z hav+ di$ ( ! ,national ,hotel disease1 contract$ at ,wa%+ton 9 #ahef4 ,9 ?is case1 ! editor ( ! "w 0 a victim ( too mu* confid5ce 9 ! newspap]s4 ,9 ! ,congressional ,directory1 :]e brief biographies ( ,congressm5 are giv51 "o di/+ui%$ memb] 0 pr9t$ z hav+ be5 elect$ to ,congress at a "t :i*1 tak5 9 connection ) 8 bir?-date 9 ! same p>agraph1 made him precisely "o ye> old :5 he took 8 seat 9 ,congress4 ,ev5 9 report+ ! cont5ts ( public & private libr>ies1 exagg]ation holds sway4 ,! libr>y ( ,george ! ,f\r?1 inh]it$ by t graceless ignoramus f a book-collect+ fa!r1 & pres5t$ to ! ,briti% nation ) o/5tati\s lib]ality only aft] he _h fail$ to sell x to ,russia1 0 said 9 ! publications ( ^? times to conta9 ab\t #abj1jjj volumes4 ,b an actual enum]ation :5 ! books 7 lodg$ 9 ! ,k+'s libr>y at ! ,briti% ,museum1 :]e !y h ev] s9ce rema9$1 %[$ t !re 7 only #fe1bej volumes1 be+ b little m ?an half ! report$ numb]4 ,_m libr>ies1 public & private1 are equally ov]-e/imat$4 ,x is s mu* easi] to guess ?an to c\nt1 & ! /]n te/ ( ari?metic is too seldom appli$1 not)/&+ ! fact t #ajj1jjj volumes c easily be c\nt$ 9 a day by a s+le p]son1 & s on 9 ! same proportion4 ,"h1 z 9 ! /ati/ics ( population1 ! same prov]b holds good1 t ! unkn[n is always ! magnific5t1 & on ! surface ( ! globe we inhabit1 ! unexplor$ c\ntry is always ! mo/ m>vell\s1 s9ce ! _w began4 ,^! discrepancies 9 au?orities1 & exagg]ations ( writ]s1 are n ref]r$ to = ! purpose ( ca/+ d\bt ^u all publi%$ hi/ory1 b only to po9t out t we _c tru/ implicitly to :at we f9d 9 books4 ,be>+ 9 m9d always1 t accuracy is p]haps ! r>e/ ( human qualities1 we %\ld hold our judgm5t 9 res]ve ^u controv]t$ /atem5ts1 tru/+ no writ] implicitly1 unless su/a9$ by orig9al au?orities4 ,:5 ask$ to recomm5d ! be/ book ^u any subject1 d n too confid5tly ass]t ! m]its ( ! "o y may ?9k ! be/1 b say simply t x is well accr$it$1 or v popul>4 ,x is n always safe to recomm5d books1 & ! libr>ian does well to speak ) prop] res]vations z to mo/ ( !m1 & to recomm5d only :at are well kn[n to him to be good1 by 8 own intimate acqua9tance ) !m1 or1 :i* is ! sure/ te/ ( all1 by ! v]dicts ( critical reviews1 or by ! con/ant repr9t+ ( !m 9 _m successive ye>s4 ,x 0 ! well-nigh unanim\s report at a ,conf]5ce ( ,am]ican libr>ians1 ^u ! subject ( aids to read]s1 t no?+ c take ! place ( an intellig5t & oblig+ assi/ant at ! desk4 ,?is 0 aft] a ?or\gh canvass ( ! relative m]its ( ! v>i\s ref]5ce books & helps to read]s 9 book =m4 ,n only ! casual read]1 & ! read] ) a purpose may be con/antly aid$ by ! libr>ian's k1 & l>g] exp]i5ce 9 ! art ( f9d+ ?+s1 b tea*]s 9 ! s*ools1 cl]gym5 prep>+ disc\rses1 & e "o seek+ to "k any?+1 %\ld f9d ! libr>ian a liv+ catalogue4 ,!re is no?+ s effective 9 ! _w z individual ef=t4 ,,*apt] #aa4 ,,access ,,to ,,libr>y ,,%elves4 ,! matt] ( free or unre/rict$ access to ! books on ! %elves is a vex$ "q 9 libr>ies4 ,op5 & unprotect$ %elves1 ei!r 9 alcoves or ! ma9 read+ room1 :ile !y appe> to be a boon to read]s1 :o c ?us br[se at w ?r\gh ! lit]>y pa/ures1 & turn ov] volumes at _! pleasure1 furni% by no means good security = ! books4 ,"s ( ! small] public libr>ies protect _! books f access by glass doors 9 front ( ! %elves1 :i* =m also a p>tial protection aga9/ du/4 ,o!rs aga91 use wire scre5 doors1 op5$1 l ! o!rs1 by lock & key :5 books are want$4 ,bo? ( ^! arrangem5ts give to read]s ! advantage ( read+ ! titles on ! backs ( mo/ ( ! books 9 ! libr>y1 :ile protect+ !m f be+ h&l$1 dis>rang$1 or remov$4 ,b !y are also op5 to ! objection t !y ob/ruct ! prompt s]vice ( ! books1 by j ! am\nt ( "t x takes to op5 ! doors or scre5s1 & close !m aga94 ,?is tr\ble & delay may ov]balance ! suppos$ advantages4 ,c]ta9ly !y mu/ d s 9 all l>ge libr>ies1 :]e ! frequ5tation is great1 & :]e e mom5t's delay 9 ! book s]vice works disadvantage to num]\s read]s4 ,:ile private libr>ies1 or q small public ones1 c indulge 9 ! luxury ( glass cases1 no ext5sive collection c be manag$ ) ! requisite promptitude "u _! ob/ructions4 ,b h[ to avoid ! indiscrim9ate & usually c>eless h&l+ ( ! books on %elves1 by ! p frequ5t+ ! libr>y1 & /ill ext5d to read]s prompt & full s]vice ( all ! books !y wi% to consult on any subject1 is a problem4 ,9 a few ( ! great libr>ies1 :]e t mod]n improvem5t1 ! /ack sy/em1 prevails1 ! difficulty is solv$ by ! /or+ ( ! books 9 ! outside repositories1 or iron book-/acks to :i* read]s are n admitt$4 ,9 ?is case ! read+ room is only = books 9 use by ^? frequ5t+ x1 or is suppli$ ) a selection ( ref]5ce books simply1 ! /acks be+ drawn ^u = all ! re/4 ,?is ( c\rse secures ! books bo? f misplacem5t & f pillage4 ,9 small] libr>ies :i* h no /ack sy/em 7& ?is includes by f> ! great] numb]7 a v>iety ( treatm5t prevails4 ,mo/ ( !m are unprovid$ ) any effective means ( gu>d+ ! books on ! %elves f h&l+4 ,! result is great insecurity1 & inevitable misplacem5t ( books1 am\nt+ (t5 to confusion & *aos on ! %elves1 unless correct$ by mu* daily re-arrangem5t by ! libr>ian or assi/ants4 ,?is consumes mu* valuable "t1 :i* ought to be devot$ to o!r press+ duties4 ,"o rem$y is to gu>d ! %elves by a rail+ ( "s k9d1 :i* _c be pass$1 except at ! gates or passage-ways provid$ = ! att5dants4 ,?is simple provision w protect ! ord]ly arrangem5t z well z ! safety ( ! libr>y--two objects bo? ( c>d9al importance4 ,absolutely free access to all ! %elves means1 soon] or lat]1 loss to ! libr>y4 ,& ! books mo/ c]ta9 to be tak5 or mutilat$ are ^? :i* x is co/ly1 or difficult1 or 9 "s cases1 impossible to replace4 ,! *ances ( ab/ract+ engrav+s f books are mu* great] 9 ! %ad[ ( ! %elves1 ?an 9 ! op5 read+-room1 "u ! eyes ( _m4 ,9 any libr>y b ! small] ones1 ! difficulties & dang]s ( unre/rict$ h&l+ ( all ! books by ! public w be develop$ 9 ! direct ratio ( ! size ( ! libr>y4 ,nor w x d to admit "o class ( read]s to ! %elves1 & exclude o!rs4 ,x (t5 happ5s t p]sons claim+ to h special lit]>y or sci5tific objects1 & :o pr(ess t !y _c get along at all by hav+ books br\ght to !m1 are favor$ 9 _! wi% to g to ! %elves1 :ile o!rs are disfavor$4 ,?is raises at once ! j compla9t t invidi\s di/9ctions are made4 ,! only safe rule to foll[ is t ( univ]sal free access1 or imp>tial & uni=m exclusion f ! %elves4 ,9 ! latt] case1 no "o c compla91 especially :5 made aw>e t he c h all ! works on a giv5 subject br\ght to 8 seat 9 a brief "t1 & c "w ^u !m to mu* great] com=t & advantage1 seat$ :]e !re is good light & ample room1 ?an if /&+ up 9 ! %ad[ ( ! %elves to pursue 8 rese>*es4 ,x is also to be consid]$ t su* dis>rangem5t ( books z inevitably foll[s free admission to ! %elves deprives ! v p]sons :o claim ?is privilege1 ( f9d+ :at !y seek1 until a complete replacem5t takes place1 ?r\gh\t ! libr>y1 & ?is is necess>ily a "w ( "t4 ,t x involves mu* m "t & consequ5t delay ?an is occasion$ by ! re-%elv+ ( books us$ 9 a day1 is app>5t :5 we consid] t 9 ! latt] case1 only ! numb] ( volumes actually )drawn f %elves by ! libr>y att5dants h to be replac$1 & t ^! are 9 conv5i5tly assort$ piles all ready to g to _! respective %elves2 :ile 9 ! o!r case1 ! displacem5t is made by _m h&s1 mo/ ( !m c>eless ( any conv5i5ce b _! own1 & moreov]1 ! dis>rang$ books are1 or are liable to be1 scatt]$ on ! wrong %elves1 ?us ?r[+ ! entire libr>y into disord]1 requir+ great pa9s1 k1 & "t to repair4 ,9 any well-regulat$ libr>y1 ! abs5ce ( any book f its place c almo/ always be acc\nt$ =4 ,?us x is ei!r--#a4 ,9 ! read+ room1 9 use2 or #b4 ,*>g$ out to a borr[]2 or #c4 ,s5t to ! b9d] = reb9d+1 or repair2 or #d4 ,res]v$ = "s read]'s use2 or #e4 ,9 tempor>y use by a catalogu]1 or "s o!r libr>y assi/ant2 or #f4 ,among ! books n yet re-%elv$ f rec5t use4 ,n[ ea* ( ^! is a legitimate reason = ! abs5ce ( any book n f\nd 9 its place4 ,by se>* "u ea* ( ^! heads1 s]iatim1 aid$ by ! memory ( libr>ian & assi/ants1 ! miss+ volume %\ld be readily locat$1 & soon avail$ ( = use4 ,b 9 ! case ( books misplac$ by read]s1 no su* trac+ out ( ! :]eab\ts ( any volume is effectual1 = ! reason t ! book may h be5 7& probably is7 put on "s %elf :]e x does n belong4 ,& ! "q1 :]e 9 an ext5sive collection1 a book-hunt] admitt$ to freely range ov] all ! %elves1 & a /rang] to ! m9ute classification ( books1 has misplac$ ! miss+ volumes1 is an insoluble problem1 except by hunt+ ov] or h&l+ ! entire libr>y4 ,9 ?is close practical view ( ! case we h to add to ! long li/ ( ! enemies ( books1 =m]ly enum]at$1 ^? :o dem& a "r to br[se 7z !y t]m x7 among ! %elves ( a public libr>y1 & :o displace ! books !y take d[n to gratify1 x may be1 only an idle curiosity4 ,_! (f5ce consi/s1 n 9 be+ anxi\s to see ! books1 b 9 prev5t+ o!rs f see+ !m1 by segregat+ !m :]e nei!r libr>ian nor assi/ants may be able to f9d !m1 :5 call$ =4 ,! :ole "q is summ$ up 9 ! /atem5t t ! ability to produce libr>y books :5 call$ =1 dep5ds /rictly ^u keep+ !m 9 _! prop] place3 & ?is is q incompatible ) promiscu\s h&l+ ^u ! %elves4 ,! pres]vation ( ord] is alike 9 ! int]e/ ( ! read+ public1 ( ! libr>ian & 8 assi/ants1 & ( ! v p]sons :o compla9 ( x z depriv+ !m ( libr>y facilities4 ,if libr>y facilities consi/ 9 r5d]+ ! books 9 x unf9dable1 & !re=e unavailable to any read]1 !n ! argum5t = free range ( ! %elves arrives at a r$uctio ad absurdum4 ,! true libr>y facilities consi/ 9 a classification & a catalogue :i* arrange ! books 9 sy/ematic ord]1 & keep !m !re1 save :5 call$ into use4 ,?us1 & ?us only1 c ^? :o resort to a public libr>y = actual rese>*1 be assur$ ( f9d+ :at !y want1 j :5 !y want x4 ,! "t sav$ to all read]s by ! sure & /eady pres]vation ( an ord]ly arrangem5t ( ! books1 is simply incalculable4 ,multiply ! numb] ( volumes out ( place by ! numb] ( read]s :o call = !m1 & y h "s idea ( ! mis*ief t may be done ?r\gh ! c>elessness ( a few favor$ read]s1 to ! :ole community ( s*ol>s4 ,( c\rse ! consid]ations "h set =? pre-suppose an active & intellig5t libr>ian1 & zeal\s & will+ att5dants1 all ev] ready to aid ! rese>*es ( read]s by ! mo/ prompt & helpful sugge/ions1 & by dispat* 9 plac+ be=e !m :at !y mo/ ne$4 ,! "o c>d9al design ( a libr>y--to supply ! l>ge/ am\nt ( in=mation 9 ! %orte/ "t1 is subv]t$ by any disorganiz+ s*eme4 ,if ! libr>y be adm9i/]$ on ! j pr9ciple ( ! greate/ good to ! greate/ numb]1 !n su* individual favoritism %\ld nev] be all[$4 ,x may1 inde$1 be claim$ t !re is no rule )\t "s valid exceptions2 b ^! exceptions %\ld nev] be p]mitt$ to defeat ! c>d9al object ( ! rule--:i* is to keep e book /rictly 9 its own place4 ,let ! exception be conf9$ to all[+ an occasional inspection ( ! %elves 9 ! company ( a libr>y att5dant1 & !re w be no tr\ble4 ,b !re is ano!r dang]1 aside f ! misplacem5t ( books4 ,exp]i5ce has %[n t !fts or mutilations ( books h be5 num]\s1 9 direct proportion to ! ext5sion ( fre$om & opportunity to ^? frequ5t+ ! libr>y4 ,lit]>y m5 & book-lov]s are frequ5tly book-collectors also2 & ! temptation to take :at is (t5 too loosely consid]$ public prop]ty is sometimes yield$ to by p]sons ^: "* & /&+ may r5d] !m ! lea/ suspect$4 ,9 "o ( ! l>ge/ l5d+ libr>ies 9 ?is c\ntry1 ! purlo9+ ( books _h be5 c>ri$ s f>1 t ! au?orities _h to provide a wire f5ce all ar\nd ! read+ room1 to keep ! read]s f access to ! %elves4 ,! result 0 soon se5 9 ! r$uction ( ! numb] ( books /ol5 f #gjj volumes to #cjj volumes a ye>4 ,aft] sev]al ye>s' exp]i5ce ( ! ,a/or ,libr>y 9 op5+ its alcoves to read]s 7am\nt+ to practical free admission to ! %elves to all call+ !mselves special /ud5ts7 ! losses & mutilations ( books became s s]i\s1 t alcove admissions h be5 greatly curtail$4 ,at ! ,conf]5ce ( ,libr>ians 9 ,london1 9 #ahgg1 ! subject ( admission or non-admission to ! %elves 0 discuss$ ) ! result t op9ions 7 prepond]antly adv]se to ! free range ( ! libr>y by read]s4 ,x 0 po9t$ out t libr>ies are e/abli%$ & ma9ta9$ at great co/ = s]i\s purposes ( read+ & /udy1 & t ^! ends are be/ subs]v$ by sy/ematic s]vice at a common c5tre--n by lett+ ! read]s scatt] !mselves ab\t ! libr>y %elves4 ,to "o speak] :o held t e "o 9 a free public libr>y _h ! "r to g to ! %elves1 & *oose 8 books = himself1 x 0 answ]$ t ?is 0 equival5t to say+ t x is ! idl]'s "r to /roll ab\t 9 e place devot$ to a special bus9ess1 & int]rupt t bus9ess at 8 pleasure4 ,at ! ,int]national ,conf]5ce ( #ahig1 an able def5ce ( op5 %elves 0 pres5t$1 claim+ t x saves mu* libr>ians' "t 9 f9d+ books1 if read]s are all[$ to f9d !m = !mselves2 t !fts & mutilations are inconsid]able2 t x makes an appeal to ! honor ( p to respect ! books2 t ! op5 %elf sy/em does bett] educational "w2 t x is economical by requir+ few] libr>y att5dants2 t x has gr[n /eadily 9 favor 9 ,am]ica1 & t x gives ! p ! same "r 9 ! libr>y :i* is _! own1 z ! individual has 9 8 own4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x 0 urg$ t ! argum5ts = op5 %elves 7 all argum5ts = an>*y2 t ! read]s :o want to rummage ab\t = :at !y want lack prop] discipl9e ( ! m9d2 t ! numb] ( books lo/ "u x has be5 v l>ge2 t libr>ians are cu/odians & cons]v]s1 z well z disp5s]s ( books2 t all books misplac$ are practically lo/ to ! libr>y = ! "t be+2 t ! op5 %elf sy/em requires f> m space1 & is m exp5sive2 & t1 h[ev] desirable1 its g5]al adoption is utt]ly impracticable4 ,! practice ( libr>ies 9 ?is p>ticul> ( adm9i/ration diff]s widely1 z d ! op9ions ( libr>ians reg>d+ x4 ,9 mo/ colleges & univ]sities free access is all[$2 & 9 "s public free libr>ies1 bo? ea/ & we/1 ! read]s are all[$ to h&le ! books on ! %elves4 ,?is is comp>atively safe 9 ! small] t[n libr>ies1 :]e ! books are 9 compact %ape1 & ! unavoidable misplacem5t c be correct$ daily 9 no long "t4 ,! exp]i5ce ( op5 %elves 9 su* collections has be5 s favorable t _! libr>ians h te/ifi$ t ! losses 7 insignificant :5 comp>$ ) ! great public conv5i5ce result+4 ,b ! difficulty & confusion aris+ f free h&l+ ( ! books on %elves increases 9 ! direct ratio ( ! size ( ! libr>y1 until1 9 an ext5sive collection1 x rea*es an intol]able result4 ,:at is enc\nt]$ cont9ually 9 en=c+ ! rule ( exclusion f %elves is ! almo/ univ]sal conceit t "s read] is entitl$ to exemption f su* a rule4 ,expla9 to him nev] s c\rte\sly t exp]i5ce has prov$ t a libr>y is ?r[n into confusion by su* admission2 t :ile he may be c>eful to replace e book h&l$ 9 ! same spot1 ne>ly all read]s are c>eless1 & he w insi/ t he is ! exception1 & t he is always c>eful4 ,t is human nature1 ! _w ov]--to believe t "o c d ?+s bett] ?an any "o else4 ,b if su* importunities prevail1 ! *ances are t books w be misplac$ by ! v lit]>y exp]t :o has solemnly ass]t$ 8 infallibility4 ,on ! :ole1 op5 %elves may be view$ z an op5 "q4 ,x may be be/ = small libr>ies1 z to all ! books1 & = all libr>ies z to "s classes ( books4 ,b make x g5]al1 & ord] & arrangem5t are at an end1 :ile *aos takes ! place ( cosmos4 ,! real /ud5t is bett] s]v$ by ! k & aid ( ! libr>ian1 ?us sav+ 8 "t = /udy1 ?an he c be by rang+ ab\t d>k %elves to f9d1 among multitudes ( books he does n want1 ! ones t he actually does want4 ,! bus9ess ( ! libr>ian1 & 8 highe/ use1 is to br+ ! res\rces ( ! libr>y to ! read]4 ,if ?is takes a hundr$ or m volumes a day1 he is to h !m2 b to give him ! "r to ?r[ a libr>y into confusion by br[s+ ar\nd1 is to sacrifice ! rights ( ! public to prompt s]vice1 to ! :im ( "o man4 ,^? :o ?9k t br[s+ is an education %\ld reflect t x is l any o!r w&]+ employm5t1 fatal to fixity ( purpose4 ,l desultory read+ ( inf9ite p]iodicals1 x t5ds r to dissipate ! "t & ! att5tion ?an to in=m & /r5g!n ! m9d4 ,9 libr>ies ( wide circulation 9 ,am]ica1 _m h op5 %elves1 & _m m free access to c]ta9 classes ( books4 ,! ,new>k ,free ,libr>y op5s all dep>tm5ts except fiction2 o!rs op5 fiction & curr5t lit]ature only4 ,"s libr>ies1 notably 9 ,engl&1 h a safe-gu>d$ op5-%elf sy/em1 by :i* ! public are giv5 free range inside ! libr>y1 :ile ! libr>ians take po/ at ! outside rail+1 to *>ge books drawn1 & *eck (f depr$ations4 ,?is me?od may be /yl$ e "o 8 own libr>ian1 & is claim$ by its orig9ators to "w well4 ,at ! ,conf]5ce ( ! ,am]ican ,libr>y ,association 9 #ahii1 aft] discussion1 votes 7 tak51 %[+ #ej libr>ians 9 favor ( free access to %elves = small libr>ies1 z aga9/ only #aj = unre/rict$ access 9 l>ge libr>ies4 ,! debate br\ght out curi\s & in/ructive facts z to losses ( books :]e free range is all[$4 ,! ,d5v] ,public ,libr>y lo/ 9 "o ye> #iee volumes2 ! ,buffalo ,public ,libr>y #gjj books 9 sev5te5 mon?s2 ! ,m9neapolis1 #cjj 9 a ye>2 & ! ,/4 ,l\is ,public ,libr>y #a1jfb volumes 9 two ye>s1 out ( a v limit$ op5 %elf collection4 ,"o libr>ian1 e/imat+ ! loss ( books at #a1jjj wor? 9 two ye>s1 said ! libr>y bo>d 7 p]fectly satisfi$1 & t unless we lose #b1ejj wor? ( books a ye>1 ! op5-%elf sy/em pays 9 its sav+ ( ! exp5ses ( att5dance4 ,x does n appe> to h occurr$ to !m t a public libr>y owes any?+ to ! public morality1 nor t a libr>y los+ its books by ! ?\s&1 to save ! co/ ( prop] managem5t1 may be hold+ out a premium to :olesale robb]y4 ,!re is ano!r precaution ess5tial to be obs]v$ reg>d+ ! m co/ly & r>e possessions ( ! libr>y4 ,su* books %\ld n be plac$ ^u ! %elves ) ! ord9>y books ( ! collection1 b provid$ = 9 a repository "u lock & key4 ,9 a l>ge libr>y1 :]e _m hundr$ volumes ( books ( especial r>ity & value are to be f\nd1 a sep>ate room %\ld always exi/ = ?is class ( books4 ,!y w prop]ly include 7#a7 ,incunabula1 or e>ly pr9t$ books2 7#b7 ,manuscripts1 or unique specim5s1 su* z collections ( autographs ( notable p2 7#c7 ,illum9at$ books1 usually writt5 on vellum1 or pr9t$ 9 color2 7#d7 ,e>ly & r>e ,am]icana1 or books ( ,am]ican discov]y1 hi/ory1 etc41 :i* are sc>ce & difficult to replace2 7#e7 ,any books kn[n to be out ( pr9t2 & 7#f7 ,_m co/ly illu/rat$ works :i* %\ld be kept ap>t = only occasional inspection by read]s4 ,:]e no sep>ate room exi/s = safe cu/ody ( su* treasures1 !y %\ld be provid$ ) a lock$ book-case or cases1 accord+ to _! numb]4 ,:5 any ( ^! res]v$ books are call$ =1 !y %\ld be suppli$ to read]s "u special injunctions ( c>eful h&l+4 ,neglect ( precaution may at any "t be ! means ( los+ to ! libr>y a preci\s volume4 ,x is easy = an unkn[n read] :o calls = su* a r>e or co/ly "w1 to sign 8 ticket ) a false "n1 & slip ! book "u 8 coat :5 unobs]v$1 & s leave ! libr>y un*all5g$4 ,b ! libr>ian or assi/ant :o supplies ! book1 if put on 8 gu>d by hav+ to fet* x f a lock$ repository1 %\ld keep ! read] "u obs]vation1 unless well kn[n1 until ! volume is safely return$4 ,design+ & di%one/ p]sons are ev] hov]+ ab\t public libr>ies1 & "s ( ! mo/ dang]\s among !m are m5 :o "k ! value ( books4 ,?is class ( res]v$ books %\ld n be giv5 out 9 circulation1 "u any circum/ances4 ,n only are !y subject to injury by be+ h&l$ 9 h\seholds :]e !re are *ildr5 or c>eless p]sons1 :o soil or deface !m1 b !y are expos$ to ! cont9ual p]il ( fire1 & consequ5t loss to ! libr>y4 ,!re are (t5 books among ^! r>ities1 :i* money _c replace1 because no copies c be f\nd :5 want$4 ,9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 !re is a v salut>y safe-gu>d ?r[n ar\nd ! mo/ valuable books 9 ! =m ( a libr>y regulation :i* provides t no manuscript :atev]1 & no pr9t$ book ( special r>ity & value %all be tak5 out ( ! libr>y by any p]son4 ,?is re/riction ( c\rse applies to ,memb]s ( ,congress1 z well z to ^? (ficials :o h ! legal "r to draw books f ! libr>y4 ,,*apt] #ab4 ,,! ,,faculty ,,( ,,memory4 ,to e read] no?+ c be m important ?an t faculty ( ! m9d :i* we call memory4 ,! ret5tive memory in/9ctively /ores up ! facts1 ideas1 imag]y1 & (t5 ! v language f\nd 9 books1 s cle>ly t !y become available at any mom5t 9 aft] life4 ,! t5acity ( ?is hold ^u ! intellectual treasures :i* books conta9 dep5ds l>gely ^u ! /r5g? ( ! impression made ^u ! m9d :5 read+4 ,& ?is1 9 turn1 dep5ds mu* ^u ! =ce1 cle>ness & beauty ( ! au?or's /yle or expression4 ,a crude1 or feeble1 or wordy1 r$undant /atem5t makes little impression1 :ile a t]se1 cle>1 well-balanc$ s5t5ce fixes ! att5tion1 & s fa/5s itself 9 ! memory4 ,h5ce ! books :i* are be/ rememb]$ w be ^? :i* are ! be/ writt54 ,great z is ! p[] ( ?\ght1 we are (t5 oblig$ to confess t ! p[] ( expression is great] /ill4 ,:5 ! sub/ance & ! /yle ( any writ+ concur to make a h>moni\s & /rong impression on ! read]'s m9d1 ! writ] has a*iev$ success4 ,all our /udy ( lit]ature t5ds to confirm ! conviction ( ! supreme importance ( an effective /yle4 ,we mu/ set d[n a good memory z a c>d9al qualification ( ! libr>ian4 ,?is faculty ( ! m9d1 9 fact1 is m important to him ?an to ! memb]s ( any o!r pr(ession :atev]1 because x is m incessantly drawn ^u4 ,e h\r 9 ! day1 & sometimes e m9ute 9 ! h\r1 he has to recall ! names ( c]ta9 books1 ! au?ors ( ! same1 includ+ bo? _! surnames & ,*ri/ian or =5ames1 ! subjects pr9cipally treat$ 9 !m1 ! words ( "s prov]b or quotation1 or elegant extract 9 poetry or prose1 ! p]iod ( "t ( an au?or or o!r not$ p]son1 ! /&>d measurem5ts & weights 9 use1 ) _! equival5ts1 ! moneys ( =eign nations & _! ,am]ican values1 ! "t ( c]ta9 notable ev5ts 9 hi/ory1 :e!r =eign or ,am]ican1 anci5t or mod]n1 ! names & succession ( rul]s1 ! prices ( _m books1 ! rules obs]v$ 9 ! catalogue1 bo? ( au?ors & subjects1 ! names & s*ools ( great arti/s1 ) _! p]iod1 ! mean+ 9 v>i\s =eign languages ( c]ta9 words1 ! geographical location ( any place on ! e>?'s surface1 ! region ( ! libr>y 9 :i* any book is locat$--&1 9 %ort1 an inf9itude ( items ( in=mation :i* he wants to "k out ( h&1 = 8 own use1 or 9 aid ( ,libr>y read]s or assi/ants4 ,! imm5se v>iety ( ^! drafts ^u 8 memory seldom p]plexes "o :o is well end[$ ) a natural gift 9 t direction4 ,9 fact1 x seems actually true ( su* m9ds1 t ! m num]\s ! calls ^u ! memory1 ! m ready is ! response4 ,! metaphysicians h sp5t _m words 9 attempt+ to def9e ! v>i\s qualities ( ! m9d1 & to acc\nt = a /rong or a weak memory2 b aft] all is said1 we f9d t ! surpris+ diff]5ce betwe5 diff]5t memories is unacc\nt$ =2 z unacc\ntable1 inde$1 z :at diff]5ces ! man ( g5ius f ! m]e plodd]4 ,! pr9ciple ( association ( ideas is d\btless ! lead+ elem5t 9 a memory :i* is n m]ely v]bal4 ,we associate 9 our m9ds1 almo/ in/9ctively1 ideas ( "t1 or space1 or p]sons1 or ev5ts1 & ^! connect or comp>e "o ) ano!r1 s t :at we want is call$ up or recall$ 9 memory1 by a tra9 ( endless sugge/ion4 ,we all h ?is k9d ( memory1 :i* may be t]m$ ! rational or ideal1 z di/+ui%$ f ! v]bal & ! local memory4 ,! v]bal memory is t :i* reta9s 9 ! m9d1 & reproduces at w :at has be5 said 9 our he>+ by o!rs1 or :at we h read :i* has made a m>k$ impression ^u u4 ,?us1 "s p]sons c repeat ) almo/ exact accuracy1 e ^w ( a long conv]sation held ) ano!r4 ,o!rs c repeat :ole poems1 or long passages 9 prose f favorite au?ors1 aft] read+ !m ov] two or ?ree times1 & c reta9 !m p]fectly 9 memory = half a c5tury or m4 ,!re h ev5 be5 p]sons to :om "o s+le read+ ( any production 0 suffici5t to enable !m to repeat x v]batim4 ,^! in/ances ( a great v]bal memory are by no means r>e1 al?\gh "s ( !m appe> almo/ incr$ible4 ,john ,locke tells u ( ! ,fr5* philosoph] ,pascal1 t he nev] =got any?+ ( :at he _h done1 said1 or ?\ght1 9 any "p ( 8 natural life4 ,& ! same ?+ is record$ ( t great s*ol> ( ,holl&1 ,hugo ,grotius4 ,! ma!matician ,eul] c\ld repeat ! ,a5eid ( ,virgil f beg9n+ to end1 conta9+ ne>ly n9e ?\s& l9es4 ,moz>t1 ^u he>+ ! ,mis]]e ( ,allegri play$ 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel at ,rome1 only once1 w5t to 8 hotel1 & wrote x all d[n f memory1 note = note4 ,c>d9al ,mezz(anti bo? wrote & spoke ?irty languages1 & 0 q famili> ) m ?an a hundr$4 ,he said t if he once he>d ! mean+ ( a ^w 9 any language1 he nev] =got x4 ,yet he 0 ( ! op9ion1 t al?\gh he _h tw5ty words = "o idea1 x 0 bett] to h tw5ty ideas = "o ^w2 :i* is no d\bt true1 s f> z real intellectual culture is conc]n$4 ,"l ,macaulay1 :o _h a ph5om5al memory1 said t if all ! copies ( ,milton's ,p>adise ,lo/ 7 to be de/roy$1 he c\ld reproduce ! book complete1 f memory4 ,9 e>ly life he 0 a great admir] ( ,walt] ,scott's poetry1 & especially ! ,lay ( ! ,la/ ,m9/rel1 & c\ld repeat ! :ole ( t long poem1 m ?an six hundr$ l9es1 f memory4 ,& at ! age ( fifty-sev5 he records--,i walk$ 9 ! portico1 & le>n$ by he>t ! noble f\r? act ( ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice4 ,!re are f\r hundr$ l9es4 ,i made myself p]fect ma/] ( ! :ole 9 two h\rs4 ,x 0 said ( him t e incid5t he he>d (1 & e page he read1 assum$ 9 8 m9d a concrete spectral =m4 ,b ! memory = names & words has be5 sometimes call$ ! l[e/ =m ( memory4 ,p]sons ( defective or impair$ intellect frequ5tly h /rong & ret5tive v]bal memories4 ,mrs4 ,som]ville records ! case ( an idiot :o c\ld repeat a :ole s]mon v]batim1 aft] once he>+ x1 b :o 0 /upid & ignorant z to e ?+ else4 ,& !re are _m in/ances 9 ! books to ! same effect4 ,ano!r k9d ( memory may be call$1 = want ( a bett] "n1 ! local memory4 ,a p]son :o has ?is /rongly develop$1 if he once goes to a place1 :e!r a room1 or a /reet 9 a city1 or a road 9 any "p ( ! c\ntry1 kn[s ! way aga91 & c f9d x by in/9ct ev] aft]4 ,9 ! same way any "o gift$ ) ?is almo/ un]r+ s5se ( locality1 c f9d any book on any %elf 9 any "p ( a libr>y :]e he has once be54 ,he kn[s1 9 l mann]1 on :i* side ( ! page he saw any giv5 passage 9 a book1 :i* impress$ him at ! "t1 al?\gh he may nev] h _h ! volume 9 8 h& m ?an once4 ,he may n rememb] ! numb] ( ! page1 b he is sure ( 8 recollection t x 0 ! left or ! "r h& "o1 z ! case may be1 & ?is k w abridge 8 labor & "t 9 f9d+ x aga9 by j "o half4 ,?is local memory is invaluable to a libr>ian or an assi/ant 9 %ort5+ ! labor ( f9d+ ?+s4 ,if y h a good local memory1 y c1 9 no long "t1 come to disp5se ) ! catalogue & its %elf-m>ks or classification m>ks1 almo/ entirely1 9 f9d+ y\r books4 ,al?\gh ?is special gift ( memory--! s5se ( locality--is unque/ionably a l[] faculty ( ! m9d ?an "s o!rs nam$1 & al?\gh !re are illit]ate p]sons :o c readily f9d & produce any books 9 a libr>y :i* h (t5 pass$ ?r\gh _! h&s1 yet x is a faculty by no means to be despis$4 ,x is "o ( ! labor-sav+1 "t-sav+ gifts1 :i* %\ld be welcom$ by e libr>ian4 ,! "t sav$ f se>*+ ! catalogues = location-m>ks ( ! outside ( books1 w enable him to make _m a rese>* 9 _! inside4 ,?is faculty1 ( c\rse1 is indef9itely /r5g!n$ & improv$ by use--& ! same is true ( ! o!r bran*es ( ! s5se :i* we call memory4 ,! (t5] y h be5 to any place1 ! bett] y "k ! way4 ,! m frequ5tly y h f\nd & produc$ a giv5 book f its prop] receptacle1 ! easi] & ! quick] w be y\r f9d+ x aga94 ,ano!r faculty or phase ( memory is f\nd 9 ! ability to call up ! impression made by any object once se5 by ! eye1 s z to reproduce x accurately 9 spee* or writ+4 ,?is may be t]m$ ! intuitive memory4 ,!re are _m applications or illu/rations ( ?is faculty4 ,?us1 = example1 y see a book on "s %elf 9 y\r libr>y4 ,y take 9 its size1 its b9d+1 bo? ! mat]ial & ! color1 & its title z lett]$ on ! back4 ,all ?is y absorb ) "o glance ( ! eye4 ,y rememb] x by ! pr9ciple ( association--t is1 y associate ) t p>ticul> book1 9 connection ) its title1 a c]ta9 dim5sion1 color1 & /yle ( b9d+4 ,n[1 :5 y h occasion to look up t special volume aga91 y n only g1 aid$ by y\r memory ( locality1 to ! v section & %elf ( ! libr>y :]e x belongs1 b y take ) y in/9ctively1 y\r memory or m5tal image ( ! book's appe>ance4 ,?us1 y p]haps di/9ctly rememb] 7#a7 t x 0 an octavo1 & y\r eye 9 glanc+ along ! %elf :]e x belongs1 rejects intuitively all ! duodecimos or books ( less] size1 to come to ! octavos4 7#b7 ,!n y also rememb] t x 0 b\nd 9 lea!r1 consequ5tly y pass quickly by all ! clo? b\nd volumes on ! %elf4 7#c7 9 ! ?ird place y "k t its color 0 r$2 & y pay no att5tion :atev] to books ( any o!r color1 b quickly seize y\r r$ lea!r-b\nd octavo1 & be> x (f to ! read+-room 9 triumph4 ,( c\rse !re are circum/ances :]e ?is quick op]ation ( ! faculties ( memory & intuition comb9$1 w\ld n be s easy4 ,= example1 all ! books 7or ne>ly all7 on a giv5 %elf might be octavos2 or !y might all be lea!r-b\nd2 or a majority ( !m ) r$ backs2 & ! pres5ce ( "o or m ( ^! conditions w\ld elim9ate "o or m ( ! facilities = mo/ rapidly pick+ out ! book want$4 ,b take a pile ( books1 we w say return$ by _m read]s1 on ! libr>y c\nt]4 ,y are se>*+ among !m = a p>ticul> volume t is aga9 want$4 ,!re is no ord] or arrangem5t ( ! volumes1 b y di/9ctly rememb]1 f hav+ h&l$ x1 its size bo? z to height & ?ickness1 its color1 & h[ x 0 b\nd4 ,y "k x 0 a ?9 #abmo4 9 gre5 clo? b9d+4 ,d y1 9 y\r se>*1 take up e book 9 t mass1 to scrut9ize its title1 & see if x is ! "o y seek8 ,by no means4 ,y quickly ?ru/ aside1 "o by "o1 or by ! half-doz51 all ! volumes :i* are n gre51 clo?-b\nd1 ?9 duodecimos1 )\t s mu* z glanc+ at !m4 ,y\r special volume is quickly f\nd among hundr$s ( volumes1 & y\r faculty ( memory & intuition has sav$ y p]haps a qu>t] ( an h\r ( valuable "t1 :i*1 )\t t faculty1 might h be5 wa/$ 9 se>*4 ,aga91 ano!r circum/ance :i* might int]v5e to dim9i% ! frequ5cy ( application ( ! memory ref]r$ to1 z to ! physical features or appe>ance ( a book s\ght =1 is :]e ! %elf-arrangem5t is alphabetical1 by au?ors' names1 or by ! names ( ! subjects ( ! books1 if x is an alphabet ( biographies4 ,"h1 ! sure/ & ! quicke/ guide to ! book is ( c\rse ! alphabetical ord]1 9 :i* x mu/ necess>ily be f\nd4 ,?is memory ( ! aspect ( any object once look$ at1 is fur!r well illu/rat$ 9 ! v v>i$ facilities = ! spell+ ( words f\nd 9 diff]5t p]sons4 ,?us1 !re are p :o1 :5 !y once see any ^w 7we w say a prop] "n7 writt5 or pr9t$1 c always aft]w>ds spell t ^w un]r+ly1 no matt] h[ uncommon x may be4 ,! m5tal ret9a1 s to speak1 receives s cle> & exact an impression ( ! =m ( t ^w f ! eye1 t x reta9s & reproduces x at w4 ,b !re are o!rs1 7& among !m p]sons ( mu* le>n+ 9 "s directions7 ^u :om ! =m or or?ography ( a ^w makes little or no impression1 h[ev] frequ5tly x meets ! eye 9 read+4 ,i h kn[n sev]al f9e s*ol>s1 & among !m ! head ( an in/itution ( le>n+1 :o c\ld n = ! life ( !m spell correctly2 & ?is infirmity ext5d$ ev5 to "s ( ! commone/ words 9 ! language4 ,:y ?is inaptitude on ! "p ( _m1 & ?is extraord9>y facility on ! "p ( o!rs1 9 ! memoriz+ faculty1 is a ph5om5on :i* may be not$ d[n1 b n solv$4 ,t vivid m5tal picture :i* is se5 by ! inw>d eye ( ! p]son favor$ ) a good memory1 is :olly want+1 or se5 only dimly & r>ely 9 ! case ( "o :o easily =gets4 ,s vital & important is memory1 t x has be5 ju/ly d5om9at$ by ! ,g]man philosoph]1 ,kant1 ! mo/ wond]ful ( our faculties4 ,)\t x1 ! words ( a book w\ld be un9telligible to u1 s9ce x is memory alone :i* furni%es u ) ! sev]al mean+s to be atta*$ to !m4 ,"s writ]s on ! sci5ce ( m9d ass]t t !re is no su* ?+ ) any ( u z absolutely =gett+ any?+ t has once be5 9 ! m9d4 ,all m5tal activities1 all k :i* ev] exi/$1 p]si/s4 ,we nev] :olly lose !m1 b !y become fa9t & obscure4 ,"o m5tal image effaces ano!r4 ,b ^? :i* h ?us disappe>$ may be recall$ by an act ( rem9isc5ce4 ,:ile x may sometimes be impossible to recov] "o ( !m at ! mom5t :5 want$1 by an act ( volunt>y recollection1 "s association may br+ x unexpect$ly & vividly be=e u4 ,memory plays u _m /range tricks1 bo? :5 we wake & :5 we dream4 ,x revives1 by an involunt>y process1 an inf9ite v>iety ( pa/ sc5es1 faces1 ev5ts1 ideas1 emotions1 passions1 conv]sations1 & writt5 or pr9t$ pages1 all ( :i* we may h fanci$ _h pass$ =ev] f our consci\sness4 ,! aids to memory suppos$ to be furni%$ by ! v>i\s mnemonic sy/ems may n[ be briefly consid]$4 ,^! me?ods ( supply+ ! defects ( a naturally weak memory1 or ( /r5g!n+ a fairly good "o1 are "o & all artificial4 ,?is might n be a conclusive objection to !m1 7 !y really effective & p]man5t helps1 enabl+ "o :o has le>n$ !m to recall ) c]ta9ty ideas1 names1 dates1 & ev5ts :i* he is unable to recall by o!r means4 ,!ory ap>t1 x is conc$$ t a sy/em ( memoriz+ :i* _h prov$ widely or g5]ally successful 9 mak+ a good memory out ( a poor "o1 w\ld des]ve mu* cr$it4 ,b exp]i5ce ) ^! sy/ems has z yet fail$ to %[1 by ! /]n te/ ( practical utility1 t !y c give sub/antial 7& /ill less p]man5t7 aid 9 cur+ ! defects ( memory4 ,mo/ ( ! sy/ems ( mnemonics t h be5 inv5t$ are con/ruct$ on ! pr9ciple ( locality1 or ( utiliz+ objects :i* appeal to ! sight4 ,!re is no?+ new 9 ^! me?ods1 = ! pr9ciple is z old z ,simonides1 :o liv$ 9 ! fif? c5tury be=e ,*ri/1 & :o devis$ a sy/em ( memoriz+ by locality4 ,"o ( ! mo/ preval5t sy/ems n[ taught is to select a numb] ( rooms 9 a h\se 79 ! m9d's eye1 ( c\rse7 & divide ! walls & ! floors ( ea* room into n9e equal p>ts or squ>es1 ?ree 9 a r[4 ,!n ,on ! front wall--t opposite ! entrance ( ! fir/ room--are ! units1 on ! "r-h& wall ! t5s1 on ! left h& ! tw5ties1 on ! f\r? wall ! ?irties1 & on ! floor ! =ties4 ,numb]s #aj1 #bj1 #cj1 & #dj1 ea* f9d a place on ! ro( above _! respective walls4 ,"o room w ?us furni% #ej places1 & t5 rooms z _m z #ejj1 :ile #ej occupies ! c5tre ( ! ro(4 ,hav+ fix$ ^! cle>ly 9 ! m9d1 s z to be able readily & at once to tell ! exact position ( ea* place or numb]1 x is !n necess>y to associate ) ea* ( !m "s famili> object 7or symbol7 s t ! object be+ sugge/$1 its place may be in/antly rememb]$1 or :5 ! place is be=e ! m9d1 its object may imm$iately spr+ up4 ,:5 ?is has be5 done ?or\ghly1 ! objects c be run ov] 9 any ord] f beg9n+ to end1 or f end to beg9n+1 or ! place ( any p>ticul> "o c at once be giv54 ,all t is fur!r necess>y is to associate ! ideas we wi% to rememb] ) ! objects 9 ! v>i\s places1 by :i* means !y are readily rememb]$1 & c be gone ov] 9 any ord]4 ,9 ?is way1 "o may le>n to repeat sev]al hundr$ disconnect$ words or ideas 9 any ord]1 aft] he>+ !m only once4 ,?is r complicat$ ma*9]y = aid+ ! memory is q too me*anical to comm5d itself to any "o accu/om$ to reflect or to take note ( 8 own m5tal processes4 ,su* an elaborate sy/em cr[ds ! m9d ) a lot ( useless furniture1 & h9d]s r ?an helps a rational & /raight=w>d habit ( memoriz+4 ,x too mu* resembles ! feat ( try+ to jump ov] a wall by runn+ back a hundr$ or m y>ds to acquire a good />t or mom5tum4 ,! v complication ( ! sy/em is fitt$ to puzzle r ?an to aid ! memory4 ,x is bas$ on me*anical or ari?metical associations--n f\nd$ on nature1 & is ( v small practical utility4 ,x does n /r5g!n or improve ! habit ( memoriz+1 :i* %\ld always be bas$ ^u close att5tion1 & a logical me?od ( classify+1 associat+1 & analyz+ facts or ideas4 ,"l ,bacon1 m ?an two c5turies ago1 wisely *>act]iz$ mnemonic sy/ems z b>r5 & useless4 ,he wrote1 ,= imm$iately to repeat a multitude ( names or words once repeat$ be=e1 ,i e/eem no m ?an rope-danc+1 antic po/ures1 & feats ( activity2 &1 inde$1 !y are ne>ly ! same ?+1 ! "o be+ ! abuse ( ! bodily1 z ! o!r is ( m5tal p[]s2 & ?\gh !y may cause admiration1 !y _c be highly e/eem$4 ,9 fact1 ^! mnemonical sy/ems are only a k9d ( crut*es1 sometimes useful to p :o _c walk1 b actual imp$im5ts to ^? hav+ ! use ( _! limbs1 & :o by prop] ex]cise c ma9ta9 _! heal?y & natural use indef9itely4 ,i h giv5 y an acc\nt ( "o ( ^! artificial sy/ems ( memory1 or sy/ems ( artificial memory1 z y may *oose to call !m4 ,!re h be5 inv5t$ m ?an "o hundr$ diff]5t sy/ems ( mnemonics1 all pr(ess+ to be invaluable1 & "s claim+ to be infallible4 ,x appe>s to be a fatal objection to ^! memory-sy/ems t !y sub/itute a :olly artificial association ( ideas = a natural "o4 ,! habit ( look+ = accid5tal or arbitr>y relations ( names & ?+s is cultivat$1 & ! p[] ( logical1 spontane\s ?\ght is injur$ by neglect+ ess5tial = uness5tial relations4 ,^! artificial associations ( ideas "w endless mis*ief by cr[d+ out ! natural ones4 ,h[ !n1 y may ask1 is a weak memory to be /r5g!n$1 or a fairly good memory to be cultivat$ into a bett] "o8 ,! answ] is1 by con/ant practice1 & = ?is ! vocation ( a libr>ian furni%es f> m opportunities ?an any o!r4 ,at ! basis ( ?is practice ( ! memory1 lies ! habit ( att5tion4 ,all memory dep5ds ^u ! /r5g? or vividness ( ! impression made ^u ! m9d1 by ! object1 ! "n1 ! ^w1 ! date1 :i* is s\ght to be rememb]$4 ,& ?is1 9 turn1 dep5ds on ! degree ( att5tion ) :i* x 0 fir/ reg>d$4 ,if ! att5tion 0 s fix$ t a cle> m5tal image 0 =m$1 !re w be no difficulty 9 rememb]+ x aga94 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 y 7 inatt5tive1 or li/less1 or pre-occupi$ ) o!r ?\ghts1 :5 y enc\nt]$ ! object1 y\r impression ( x w\ld be hazy & indi/9ct1 & no ef=t ( memory w\ld be likely to recall x4 ,att5tion has be5 def9$ z ! fix+ ( ! m9d int5tly ^u "o p>ticul> object1 to ! exclusion = a "t1 ( all o!r objects solicit+ notice4 ,x is ess5tial to ^? :o w\ld h a good memory1 to cultivate assidu\sly ! habit ( conc5tration ( ?\ght4 ,z ! scatt]+ %ot hits no m>k1 s ! scatt]+ & r&om ?\ghts t sweep ?r\gh an unoccupi$ bra9 lead to no memorable result1 simply f want ( att5tion or ( fixation ^u "s "o m5tal vision or idea4 ,) y\r att5tion fa/5$ ^u any subject or object1 y see x m cle>ly1 & x impresses itself m vividly 9 ! memory1 z a natural consequ5ce4 ,n only s1 b its relat$ objects or ideas are br\ght up by ! pr9ciple ( association1 & !y too make a deep] impression & are m closely rememb]$4 ,9 fact1 "o ?+ c>efully obs]v$ & memoriz$1 leads almo/ ins5sibly to ano!r t is relat$ to x1 & ?us ! faculty ( association is /r5g!n$1 ! memory is /imulat$1 & ! se$s ( k are deeply plant$ 9 t complex organism :i* we call ! m9d4 ,?is p[] ( att5tion1 ( keep+ an object or a subject /eadily 9 view until x is absorb$ or ma/]$1 is held by "s to be ! mo/ di/9ctive elem5t 9 g5ius4 ,mo/ p h n ?is habit ( conc5tration ( ! m9d1 b all[ x to w&] aimlessly on1 flitt+ f subject to subject1 )\t ma/]+ any2 b !n1 mo/ p are n g5iuses4 ,! habit to be cultivat$ is t ( ?9k+ p]si/5tly ( only "o ?+ at a "t1 /]nly prev5t+ ! att5tion f w&]+4 ,x may be laid d[n z an axiom t ! two corn]-/ones ( memory are att5tion & association4 ,& bo? ( ^! mu/ act 9 h>mony1 ! habit ( fix$ att5tion be+ =m$ or guid$ by ! w1 be=e a normal or ret5tive memory becomes possible4 ,:at is call$ cultivat+ ! memory1 !re=e1 does n mean any?+ m ?an close att5tion to :atev] we wi% to rememb]1 ) :atev] associations naturally cl+ to x1 until x is actually ma/]$4 ,if "o has n an in/9ctive or naturally /rong memory1 he %\ld n re/ satisfi$ ) lett+ ! days g by until he has improv$ x4 ,! way to improve x1 is to beg9 at ! f\ndation1 & by ! con/ant ex]cise ( ! w-p[]1 to take up e subject ) fix$ att5tion1 & "o at a "t1 exclud+ e o!r = ! "t be+4 ,!re is no d\bt :atev] t ! memory is capable ( indef9ite improvem5t2 & ?\gh "o's fir/ ef=ts 9 t direction may prove a disappo9tm5t1 because only p>tially successful1 he %\ld try1 & try aga91 until he is rew>d$ ) ! full fruits ( e>ne/ intellectual ef=t1 9 :atev] field4 ,he may h1 at ! />t1 in/ead ( a f9e memory1 :at a le>n$ pr(essor call$1 a f9e =gett]y1 b let him p]sev]e to ! end4 ,none ( u 7 made to sit d[n 9 despair because we are n end[$ ) an all-embrac+ memory1 or because we _c speak ) ! tongues ( m5 & ( angels1 & d n "k all my/]ies & all k4 ,x r becomes u to make ! be/ & highe/ use1 day by day1 ( ! tal5ts t are be/[$ ^u u1 rememb]+ t h[ev] %ort ( p]fection !y may be1 we are yet f> m gift$ ?an myriads ( our fell[-creatures 9 ?is v imp]fect _w4 ,!re is no "q t ! prop] cultivation ( ! memory is1 or ought to be1 ! *ief aim ( education4 ,all else is s dep5d5t ^u ?is1 t x may be truly affirm$ t1 )\t memory1 k itself w\ld be impossible4 ,by giv+ up oneself ) fix$ att5tion to :at "o seeks to rememb]1 & tru/+ ! memory1 ?\gh x may (t5 fail1 any p]son c increase 8 p[]s ( memory & consequ5tly ( le>n+1 to an indef9ite degree4 ,to improve & /r5g!n ! memory1 x mu/ be con/antly ex]cis$4 ,let x be suppli$ ) new k frequ5tly1 & call$ on daily to reproduce x4 ,if rememb]$ only imp]fectly or 9 "p1 refre% x by ref]5ce to ! s\rce :5ce ! k came2 & repeat ?is c>efully & ?or\ghly1 until memory becomes actually ! /ore-h\se ( :at y "k on t subject4 ,if !re are c]ta9 k9ds ( facts & ideas :i* y m easily =get ?an o!rs1 x is a good way to practice ^u !m1 tak+ up a few daily1 & add+ to !m by degrees4 ,dr4 ,w4 ,t4 ,h>ris1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,commission] ( ,education1 gave 8 p]sonal exp]i5ce to ! effect t he always f\nd x h>d to rememb] dates4 ,he resolv$ to improve a feeble memory 9 ?is respect by le>n+ ! succession ( ,engli% ,k+s1 f ,william ! ,conqu]or1 d[n to ,victoria4 ,) 8 *>act]i/ic ?or\ghness1 he began by le>n+ ?ree or f\r dates ( accession only1 ! fir/ day2 two new ones 7 add$ ! second day2 !n "o new k+ add$ ! ?ird day2 & !reaft] ev5 less frequ5cy 0 obs]v$ 9 le>n+ ! *ronology4 ,by ?is me?od he _h ! :ole table ( ?irty-six sov]eigns le>n$1 & made famili> by con/ant review4 ,x _h to be le>n$ anew "o ye> aft]1 & once aga9 aft] ye>s ( neglect4 ,b 8 memory = dates /eadily grew1 & )\t consci\s ef=t1 dates & numb]s soon came to be seiz$ ) a firm] grasp ?an be=e4 ,?is k9d ( memory1 he adds1 n[ improves or increases ) him f ye> to ye>4 ,"h is an in/ance ( cultivation ( memory by a notable s*ol>1 :o adds a monition to le>n]s ) weak memories1 n to und]take to memorize too mu* at once4 ,le>n+ a succession ( fifty names sl[ly1 he says1 w s discipl9e ! memory = names1 z to p>tially or ev5 p]man5tly remove all emb>rassm5t f t s\rce4 ,i may add t a long table ( names or dates1 or any prolong$ extract 9 v]se or prose1 if le>n$ by repeat+ x ov] & ov] z a :ole1 w be less t5aci\sly reta9$ 9 memory1 ?an if committ$ 9 p>ts4 ,! highe/ =m ( memory is actually unconsci\s1 i4 e41 t 9 :i* :at we w\ld recall comes to u spontane\sly1 )\t ef=t or lapse ( "t 9 ?9k+ ab\t x4 ,x is ?is k9d ( memory t has be5 possess$ by all ! notable p]sons :o h be5 cr$it$ ) kn[+ ev]y?+1 or ) nev] =gett+ any?+4 ,x is n to be reckon$ to _! cr$it1 s mu* z to _! good =tune4 ,:at m]it is !re 9 hav+ a good memory1 :5 "o _c help rememb]+8 ,!re is "o caution to be giv5 to ^? :o are le>n+ to improve a memory naturally weak4 ,:5 su* a "o tries to recall a date1 or "n1 or place1 or idea1 or book1 x frequ5tly happ5s t ! endeavor fails utt]ly4 ,! m he tries1 ! m ob/9ately ! desir$ object fails to respond4 ,z ! poet ,pope wrote ab\t ! witless au?or3 ,y beat y\r pate1 & fancy wit w come2 ,knock z y please1 !re's nobody at home4 ,9 ^! cases1 no attempt to =ce ! memory %\ld be made1 nor %\ld ! att5tion be kept long on ! subject1 = ?is c\rse only injures ! faculty1 & leads to confusion ( m9d4 ,to p]si/ 9 a con/antly baffl$ ef=t to recov] a ^w1 or o!r =gott5 l9k 9 memory1 is a labori\s attempt :i* is itself likely to cause failure1 & induce a di/ru/ ( ! memory :i* is f> f rational4 ,! =gott5 object w probably recur 9 no long "t aft]1 :5 lea/ expect$4 ,mu* discursive read+ is n only injuri\s to ! faculty ( memory1 b may be positively de/ructive ( x4 ,! va/ ext5t ( our mod]n _w ( reviews1 magaz9es & newspap]s1 ) _! imm5se v>iety ( subjects1 dissipates ! att5tion in/ead ( conc5trat+ x1 & becomes fatal to sy/ematic ?\ght1 t5aci\s memory1 & ! acquirem5t ( real k4 ,! m9d t is f$ ^u a diet ( morn+ & ev5+ newspap]s1 ma9ly or solely1 w become flabby1 unc]ta91 illogical1 frivol\s1 &1 9 fact1 little bett] ?an a scatt]bra9s4 ,z "o :o li/5s to an endless dribble ( small talk lays up no?+ out ( all ! palav]1 :i*1 to use a common phrase1 goes 9 at "o e>1 & out at ! o!r1 s ! read] :o cont9u\sly absorbs all ! /uff :i* ! daily press1 "u ! pretext ( pr9t+ ! news1 inflicts ^u u1 is no?+ b5efit$ 9 intellectual gifts or p]man5t k4 ,:at does he le>n by 8 assidu\s pursuit ( ^! ephem]al w o' ! wisps1 t only lead to bewild]1 & dazzle to bl9d8 ,he absorbs an incr$ible am\nt ( empty gossip1 d\btful ass]tions1 trifl+ descriptions1 apocryphal news1 & "s useful1 b m useless k4 ,! only visible object ( sp5d+ valuable "t ov] ^! pap]s appe>s to be to satisfy a mom5t>y curiosity1 & !n ! mass ( mat]ial read passes almo/ :olly out ( ! m9d1 & is nev] m ?\ght (4 ,says ,col]idge1 "o ( ! =emo/ ( ,engli% ?9k]s3 ,i believe ! habit ( p]us+ p]iodical works may be prop]ly add$ to ! catalogue ( anti-mnemonics1 or weak5]s ( ! memory4 ,if read sp>+ly1 & = actual ev5ts1 newspap]s h a value :i* is all _! own2 b to sp5d h\rs ^u !m1 z _m d1 is m]e m5tal dissipation4 ,,*apt] #ac4 ,,qualifications ,,( ,a ,,libr>ian4 ,9 direct+ att5tion to "s ( ! m important elem5ts :i* %\ld ent] into ! "* & acquirem5ts ( a libr>ian1 ,i %all p]haps n treat !m 9 ! ord] ( _! relative importance4 ,?us1 "s p]sons might consid] ! =emo/ qualification = "o aspir+ to ! position ( a libr>ian to be wide k 9 lit]ature & sci5ce3 o!rs w\ld say t ! possession ( s\nd common s5se is above all ?+s ess5tial2 o!rs an excell5t & ret5tive memory2 /ill o!rs might insi/ t bus9ess habits & adm9i/rative faculty are all-important2 & o!rs aga91 a zeal = le>n+ & = communicat+ x to o!rs4 ,i %all n v5ture to pron\nce :at1 among ! multitude ( tal5ts t are requisite to con/itute a good libr>ian is ! mo/ requisite4 ,suffice x to say1 t all ( !m :i* ,i %all notice are important1 & t ! ord] ( _! treatm5t det]m9es no?+ z to :i* are m & :i* are less important4 ,s mu* is expect$ ( libr>ians t x actually appe>s z if a l>ge portion ( ! public 7 ( ! op9ion t x is ! duty ( him :o has a libr>y 9 *>ge to possess himself1 9 "s occult or my/]i\s way1 unkn[n to ! common m9d1 ( all ! k :i* all ! books comb9e4 ,! ,libr>ian ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 speak+ to a conf]5ce ( libr>ians 9 ,london1 quot$ a rem>k ( ,pattison1 9 8 ,life ( ,casaubon1 t ! libr>ian :o reads is lo/4 ,?is 0 c]ta9ly true ( t great s*ol> ,casaubon1 :o 9 8 love = ! cont5ts ( ! books "u 8 *>ge1 =got 8 duties z a libr>ian4 ,& x is to a l>ge degree true ( libr>ians 9 g5]al1 t ^? :o pursue _! own p]sonal read+ or /udy dur+ libr>y h\rs d x at ! exp5se ( _! usefulness z libr>ians4 ,!y mu/ be cont5t ) su* snat*es ( read+ z come 9 ! def9ite pursuit ( "s object ( rese>* incid5t to _! libr>y "w1 supplem5t$ by su* read+ "t z unoccupi$ ev5+s1 ,sundays1 & annual vacations may give !m4 ,yet no?+ is m common ?an = applicants = ! position ( libr>ians or assi/ant libr>ians to base _! aspiration ^u ! fooli% plea t !y are s fond ( read+1 or t !y h always be5 9 love ) books4 ,s f> f ?is be+ a qualification1 x may become a disqualification4 ,unless comb9$ ) habits ( practical1 s]i\s1 unremitt+ application to labor1 ! ta/e = read+ may s$uce its possessor into sp5d+ ! m9utes & ! h\rs :i* belong to ! public1 9 8 own private gratification4 ,! consci5ti\s1 ! useful libr>ian1 liv+ amid ! ri* intellectual treasures ( c5turies1 ! va/ majority ( :i* he has nev] read1 mu/ be cont5t daily to enact ! "p ( ,tantalus1 9 ! pres5ce ( a tempt+ & appetiz+ banquet :i* is virtually beyond 8 rea*4 ,b he may console himself by ! reflection t comp>atively few ( ! books ^u 8 %elves are s f> wor? read+ z to be ess5tial4 ,if ,i _h read z _m books z o!r m51 said ,hobbes ( ,malmesbury1 ,i %\ld h be5 z ignorant z !y4 ,if ! libr>ian1 9 ! preci\s "t :i* is indisputably 81 reads a wise selection ( ! be/ books1 ! ma/]pieces ( ! lit]ature ( all l&s1 :i* h be5 consecrat$ by "t & ! suffrages ( successive g5]ations ( read]s1 he c well af=d to apply to ! re/1 ! %ort-h& me?od recomm5d$ 9 a =m] *apt]1 & skim !m 9 ! int]vals ( 8 daily "w1 in/ead ( read+ !m4 ,?us he w become suffici5tly famili> ) ! new books ( ! day 7toge!r ) ! in=mation ab\t _! cont5ts & m]its furni%$ by ! lit]>y reviews1 :i* he mu/ read1 h[ev] sp>+ly1 9 ord] to keep up ) 8 pr(ession7 to be able to furni% read]s ) "s ^w ( comm5t z to mo/ books com+ into ! ,libr>y4 ,?is c\rse1 or z close an approximation to x z 8 multif>i\s duties w p]mit1 w g f> to solve ! problem t confronts e libr>ian :o is expect$ to be an expon5t ( univ]sal k4 ,always refra9+ f unqualifi$ praise ( books 7especially ( new ones7 always ma9ta9+ t imp>tial attitude t[>d m5 & op9ions :i* becomes ! libr>ian1 he %\ld act ! "p ( a lib]al1 eclectic1 ca?olic guide to inquir]s ( e k9d4 ,& "h let me emphasize ! great importance to e libr>ian or assi/ant ( e>ly le>n+ to make ! mo/ ( 8 work+ faculties4 ,he _c af=d to plod along ?r\gh a book1 s5t5ce by s5t5ce1 l an ord9>y read]4 ,he mu/ le>n to read a s5t5ce at a glance4 ,! mom5t 8 eye lights ^u a title-page he %\ld be able to take x all 9 by a compreh5sive & intuitive m5tal process4 ,too mu* /ress _c be laid ^u ! e-day habit or me?od ( read+4 ,x makes all ! diff]5ce betwe5 "t sav$1 & "t wa/$2 betwe5 effici5cy & ineffici5cy2 betwe5 rapid progress & /&+ /ill1 9 "o's daily "w4 ,no pa9s %\ld be sp>$1 be=e ent]+ ^u ! all-engross+ "w ( a libr>y1 to acquire ! habit ( rapid read+4 ,an em95t libr>ian ( "o ( ! l>ge/ libr>ies 0 ask$ :e!r he did n f9d a great deal ( "t to read8 ,8 reply 0--,i wi% t ,i c\ld ev] get z mu* z "o h\r a day = read+--b ,i h nev] be5 able to d x4 ,( c\rse e libr>ian mu/ sp5d mu* "t 9 special rese>*es2 & 9 ?is way a good deal ( "s ( 8 days w be sp5t 9 acqua9t+ himself ) ! res\rces ( 8 libr>y2 b ?is is incid5tal & n sy/ematic read+4 ,9 view+ ! ess5tial qualifications ( a libr>ian1 x is necess>y to say at ! outset t a libr>y is no place = un$ucat$ p4 ,! requirem5ts ( ! position are su* z to dem& n only native tal5t above ! av]age1 b also intellectual acquirem5ts above ! av]age4 ,! m a libr>ian kn[s1 ! m he is wor?1 & ! conv]se ( ! proposition is equally true1 t ! less he kn[s ! less he is wor?4 ,be=e und]tak+ ! ardu\s task ( guid+ o!rs 9 _! intellectual pursuits1 "o %\ld make sure t he is himself s well-gr\nd$ 9 le>n+ t he c f9d ! way 9 :i* to guide !m4 ,to d ?is1 he mu/ indisp5sably h some?+ m ?an a smatt]+ ( ! k t lies at ! f\ndation ( 8 pr(ession4 ,he mu/ be1 if n widely read1 at lea/ c>efully gr\nd$ 9 hi/ory1 sci5ce1 lit]ature1 & art4 ,:ile he may n1 l ,"l ,bacon1 take all k to be 8 prov9ce1 because he is n a ,"l ,bacon1 nor if he 71 c\ld he beg9 to grasp ! illimitable doma9 ( books ( sci5ce & lit]ature :i* h be5 add$ to human k 9 ! two c5turies & a half s9ce ,bacon wrote1 he c at lea/1 by wise selection1 ma/] en\gh ( ! lead+ works 9 ea* field1 to make him a well-in=m$ s*ol>4 ,t great treasury ( in=mation on ! :ole circle ( ! sci5ces1 & ! entire range ( lit]ature1 ! ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1 judici\sly /udi$1 w alone give :at w\ld appe> to ! av]age m9d1 a v lib]al education4 ,"o ( ! mo/ common & mo/ inconsid]ate que/ions prop\nd$ to a libr>ian is ?is3 ,d y ev] expect to read all ^! books ?r\gh8 & x is well answ]$ by prop\nd+ ano!r "q1 namely--,did y ev] read y\r diction>y ?r\gh8 ,a great libr>y is ! s*ol>'s diction>y--n to be read ?r\gh1 b to enable him to put 8 f+] on ! fact he wants1 j :5 x is want$4 ,a k ( "s at lea/ ( ! =eign languages is indisp5sable to ! skill$ libr>ian4 ,9 fact1 any "o aspir+ to become an assi/ant 9 any l>ge libr>y1 or ! head ( any small "o1 %\ld fir/ acquire at lea/ an elem5t>y k ( ,fr5* & ,lat94 ,aside f books 9 o!r languages ?an ,engli% :i* necess>ily =m "p ( e consid]able libr>y1 !re are innum]able quotations or words 9 =eign tongues scatt]$ ?r\gh books & p]iodicals 9 ,engli%1 :i* a libr>ian1 appeal$ to by read]s :o are n s*ol>s1 w\ld be mortifi$ if f\nd unable to int]pret !m4 ,! libr>ian :o does n und]/& sev]al languages w be cont9ually at a loss 9 8 daily "w4 ,a great _m important catalogues1 & bibliographies1 ess5tial p>ts ( ! equipm5t ( a libr>y1 w be lo/ to him z aids1 & he c nei!r select =eign books intellig5tly nor catalogue !m prop]ly4 ,if he dep5ds ^u ! aid ( o!rs m exp]t1 8 position w be f> f agreeable or satisfactory4 ,h[ _m & :at =eign languages %\ld be le>n$ may be matt] = wide diff]5ce ( op9ion4 ,b s f>-rea*+ is ! preval5ce ( ! ,lat91 z "o ( ! pr9cipal s\rces ( our own language1 & ( o!r mod]n tongues1 t a k ( x is mo/ important4 ,& s ri* is ! lit]ature ( ,france1 to say no?+ ( ! va/ numb] ( ,fr5* words con/antly f\nd 9 curr5t ,engli% & ,am]ican books & p]iodicals1 t at lea/ a fairly ?or\gh ma/]y ( t language %\ld be acquir$4 ,! same may be said ( ! ,g]man1 :i* is ev5 m important 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & :i* has a lit]ature mo/ copi\s & valuable 9 e v>i$ dep>tm5t ( k4 ,) ^! ?ree tongues once famili>1 ! ,italian1 ,spani%1 ,portuguese1 ,dut*1 & ,sc&9avian languages may be1 ?r\gh ! aid ( diction>ies1 s f> utiliz$ z to enable "o to read titles & catalogue books 9 any ( !m1 al?\gh a k ( all1 s z to be able to read books 9 !m1 is highly desirable4 ,9 ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y1 ! assi/ants are requir$ to possess an adequate k ( ,lat91 ,fr5*1 & ,g]man4 ,& all c&idates = positions 9 ! read+-room ( ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y mu/ und]go a ?or\gh te/ exam9ation z to _! k ( ! ,lat9 language4 ,opportunities = acquir+ =eign languages are n[ s abundant t !re is small excuse = any "o :o wants to "k ,fr5*1 ,lat9 or ,g]man1 & yet goes ?r\gh life )\t le>n+ !m4 ,!re are ev5 ways ( le>n+ ^! languages ) suffici5t ?or\ghness = read+ purposes )\t a tea*]1 & sometimes )\t a text-book4 ,two assi/ant libr>ians taught !mselves ,fr5* & ,g]man 9 _! ev5+s1 by sett+ out to read famili> works ( ,engli% fiction 9 translations into ^? languages1 & soon acquir$ a good work+ k ( bo?1 s z to be able to read any "w 9 ei!r1 ) only occasional aid f ! diction>y = ! less common words4 ,x is surpris+ h[ soon "o c acquire a suffici5t vocabul>y 9 any language1 by read+ any ( its great writ]s4 ,a good way = a beg9n] to le>n ,fr5* )\t a ma/] is to take a ,fr5* ,new ,te/am5t1 & read ! f\r ,gospels ?r\gh4 ,aft] do+ ?is ?ree or f\r times1 almo/ any "o :o is at all famili> ) ! ,scriptures1 w be able to read mo/ books 9 ! ,fr5* language ) facility4 ,9 ! great art ( le>n+1 all doors are easily unlock$--by ^? :o h ! key4 ,x %\ld g )\t say+ t ! libr>ian %\ld possess a wide k ( books4 ,?is k %\ld include 7#a7 an acqua9tance ) anci5t & mod]n lit]ature1 s z to be able to *>act]ize ! notable writ]s 9 ea* ( ! lead+ languages ( ! _w2 7#b7 a k ( hi/ory ext5sive en\gh to enable him to locate all ! great *>act]s1 includ+ au?ors1 9 _! prop] c5tury & c\ntry2 7#c7 a k ( editions1 s z to discrim9ate betwe5 ! old & ! new1 ! full & ! abridg$1 ! be/ edit$1 be/ pr9t$1 etc42 7#d7 an acqua9tance ) ! intr9sic value or ! subject & scope ( mo/ ( ! great books ( ! _w2 7#e7 a k ( comm]cial values1 s z to be able to bid or to buy und]/&+ly1 & ) prop] economy2 7#f7 a famili>ity ) :at con/itutes condition 9 libr>y books1 & ) b9d+ & repair+ processes1 = ! re/oration ( imp]fect volumes = use4 ,! libr>ian %\ld be "o :o has _h ! b5efit ( ?or\gh prelim9>y tra9+1 = no novice is qualifi$ to und]take ! role ( an exp]t1 & any attempt to d s c result only 9 disappo9tm5t & failure4 ,no "o :o has read little or no?+ b novels s9ce leav+ s*ool ne$ ev] hope to succe$4 ,no libr>ian c "k too mu*1 s9ce 8 "w br+s him into relation ) ! b\ndless doma9 ( human k4 ,he %\ld n be a speciali/ 9 sci5ce 7except 9 ! "o sci5ce ( bibliography7 b mu/ be cont5t ) kn[+ a little ab\t a great _m ?+s1 r ?an kn[+ ev]y?+ ab\t "o ?+4 ,mu* conv]se ) books mu/ fill him ) a s5se ( 8 own ignorance4 ,! m he comes to "k1 ! wid] w op5 be=e him ! illimitable realm ( :at is yet to be kn[n4 ,9 ! l[e/ deep :i* rese>* ! mo/ pr(\nd c rea*1 !re is a l[] deep /ill unatta9$--p]haps1 ev51 unatta9able4 ,b ! fact t he _c by any possibility ma/] all human k %\ld n det] ! /ud5t f mak+ ev] advanc+ inroads ^u t doma94 ,! va/ ext5t ( ! _w ( books only emphasizes ! ne$ ( mak+ a wise selection f ! mass4 ,we are br\ght inevitably back to t precept by e excursion t we make into :atev] field ( lit]ature4 ,! libr>ian %\ld possess1 besides a wide acqua9tance ) books1 a faculty ( adm9i/ration1 & ?is re/s ^u c>eful bus9ess habits4 ,he %\ld h a sy/em 9 all ! libr>y "w4 ,e assi/ant %\ld h a prescrib$ task1 & be requir$ to le>n & to practice all ! me?ods peculi> to libr>y economy1 includ+ ! economy ( "t4 ,ea* day's bus9ess %\ld be s organiz$ z to %[ an advance at ! end4 ,! libr>y mu/ ( c\rse h rules1 & e rule %\ld be s simple & s reasonable t x w comm5d itself to e consid]ate read] or libr>y assi/ant4 ,all que/ions ( d\bt or dispute z to ! obs]vance ( any regulation1 %\ld be decid$ at once1 c\rte\sly b firmly1 & 9 a few words4 ,no?+ c be m unseemly ?an a wrangle 9 a public libr>y ov] "s rule or its application1 di/urb+ read]s :o are entitl$ to sil5ce1 & consum+ "t t %\ld be giv5 to ! s]vice ( ! public4 ,:5 ,?omas ,c>lyle1 "o ( ! great s*ol>s ( mod]n times1 te/ifi$ 9 #ahdh be=e a ,p>liam5t>y ,commission ^u ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y1 he ?us spoke ( ! qualifications ( a libr>ian3 ,all mu/ dep5d ^u ! k9d ( managem5t y get )9 ! libr>y itself4 ,y mu/ get a good pilot to /e] ! %ip1 or y w nev] get into ! h>bor4 ,y mu/ h a man to direct :o kn[s well :at ! duty is t he has to d1 & :o is det]m9$ to g ?r\gh t1 9 spite ( all clamor rais$ aga9/ him2 & :o is n anxi\s to obta9 approbation1 b is satisfi$ t he w obta9 x by & by1 provid$ he acts +5u\sly & fai?fully4 ,ano!r quality mo/ important 9 a libr>ian is an ev5 temp]4 ,he %\ld be always & unfail+ly c\rte\s1 n only to s*ol>s & visitors ( high consid]ation1 b to e read]1 h[ev] humble or ignorant1 & to e employee1 h[ev] subord9ate 9 position4 ,!re is no?+ :i* m detracts f "o's usefulness ?an a qu]ul\s temp]4 ,its possessor is seldom happy himself1 & is ! frequ5t cause ( unhapp9ess 9 o!rs4 ,visitors & que/ions %\ld nev] be met ) a cl\d$ br[4 ,a *e]ful good-morn+ goes a great way (t5times4 ,_m libr>y visitors come 9 a compla9+ mood--x may be f long wait+ to be s]v$1 or f mi/ake 9 supply+ !m ) ! wrong books1 or f errors 9 *>g+ _! acc\nts1 or f "s fanci$ neglect or slight1 or f any o!r cause4 ,! way to meet su* ill-humor$ or (f5d$ read]s is to g5tly expla9 ! matt]1 ) t s(t answ] :i* turne? away wra?4 ,_m a fooli% & useless alt]cation may ?us be avoid$1 & ! compla9ant re/or$ to *e]fulness1 if n to c\rtesy2 :]eas1 if ! libr>ian 7 to meet ! case ) a %>p or haughty answ]1 x w\ld probably end )\t satisfaction on ei!r side4 ,:atev] y d1 nev] p]mit y\rself to be irritable1 & resolve nev] to be irritat$4 ,x w make y unhappy1 & w bre$ irritation 9 o!rs4 ,*e]fulness "u all circum/ances1 h[ev] difficult1 is ! duty & ! int]e/ ( ! libr>ian4 ,?us he w cultivate successfully an oblig+ disposition1 :i* is a prime requisite to 8 success ) ! public & 8 usefulness z a libr>ian4 ,x ought n to be requisite to insi/ ^u good heal? z a condition prec$5t = any "o aspir+ to be a libr>ian4 ,s v mu* dep5ds ^u ?is1 t x %\ld =m a "p ( ! consci5ti\s duty ( e "o to acquire & ma9ta9 a s\nd condition ( physical heal?1 z a mo/ important adjunct ( a ?or\ghly s\nd & heal?y condition ( ! m9d4 ,?is is easi] ?an mo/ p]sons are aw>e4 ,if we except inh]it$ con/itutional weaknesses1 or maladies ( a s]i\s "*1 !re is almo/ no "o :o is n able by prop] diet1 regim51 & daily ex]cise1 to ma9ta9 a degree ( heal? :i* w enable him to use 8 bra9 to its full work+ capacity4 ,x dem&s an intellig5t & wat*ful c>e ( ! daily regim51 s t only simple & :olesome food & dr9k may be tak5 into ! sy/em1 & :at is equally important1 adequate sleep1 & habitual mod]ate ex]cise4 ,no "o c ma9ta9 p]fect heal? )\t brea?+ good unadult]at$ air1 & ex]cis+ 9 x ) great frequ5cy4 ,"o's walks to & f ! libr>y may be suffici5t to give ?is1 & x is well to h ! motive ( su* a walk1 s9ce ex]cise tak5 = ! m]e purpose ( x is ( f> less value4 ,! habit ( tak+ drugs1 or go+ to a doctor = e little malady1 is mo/ p]nici\s4 ,e "o1 & especially a libr>ian1 :o is suppos$ 7h[ev] errone\sly7 to "k ev]y?+1 %\ld "k m ( 8 own con/itution ?an any physician4 ,) a few judici\s exp]im5ts 9 daily regim51 & a little ab/95ce n[ & !n1 he c subdue head-a*es1 cat>rhs & dige/ive tr\bles1 & by ex]cis+ an intellig5t w1 c g5]ally prev5t _! recurr5ce4 ,if "o f9ds himself 9 ! morn+ 9 a /ate ( languor & lassitude1 be sure he has abus$ "s physical function1 & apply a rem$y4 ,an invalid w make a poorly equipp$ libr>ian4 ,h[ c a dyspeptic :o dwells 9 ! d>kness ( a disease1 be a guid+ light to ! multitudes :o beset him e h\r8 ,!re are few call+s dem&+ z mu* m5tal & physical s\ndness & al]tness z ! c>e ( a public libr>y4 ,s\nd common s5se is z ess5tial to ! libr>ian z s\nd heal?4 ,he %\ld always take ! practical /raight=w>d view ( e item ( libr>y bus9ess & managem5t1 rememb]+ t ! /raight road is always ! %orte/ way betwe5 two po9ts4 ,:ile he may be full ( ideas1 he %\ld be nei!r an ideali/ nor a dream]4 ,9 libr>y me?ods1 ! c>d9al requisites to be aim$ at1 are utility & conv5i5ce4 ,a p]son ( ! mo/ p]fect education1 & ! highe/ lit]>y atta9m5ts1 b de/itute ( common s5se1 w n succe$ 9 ! conduct ( a libr>y4 ,t intuitive judgm5t1 :i* sees ! reason ( ev]y?+ at a glance1 & applies ! prop] ag5cies to ! case 9 h&1 is want+ 9 8 composition4 ,multitudes ( em]g5cies arise 9 libr>y s]vice1 :]e ! prompt & practical s5se ( ! libr>ian is requir$ to settle a dispute1 adju/ a difficulty1 or to direct :at is to be done 9 "s arrangem5t or re-arrangem5t ( books1 or "s libr>y appliance or repair4 ,9 su* cases1 ! unpractical or impracticable man w be v likely to decide wrongly1 *oos+ ! inconv5i5t me?od in/ead ( ! conv5i5t1 ! m co/ly in/ead ( ! m economical1 ! labori\s 9 place ( ! obvi\s & easy2 9 %ort1 "s way ( do+ ! "w or settl+ ! difficulty :i* w n p]mit x to /ay settl$1 or w require ! "w to be done ov] aga94 ,! man ( common-s5se me?ods1 on ! o!r h&1 w at once see ! end f ! beg9n+1 anticipate e difficulty1 & decide ^u ! prop] c\rse )\t tr\ble or hesitation1 f9d+ 8 judgm5t fully v9dicat$ by ! result4 ,! libr>ian 9 :om ! quality ( common s5se is well develop$ w be ev] ready to devise or to accept improvem5ts 9 libr>y me?ods4 ,nev] a slave to r$ tape1 he w promptly cut x :]ev] & :5ev] x /&s 9 ! way ( ! readie/ s]vice ( books & in=mation to all com]s4 ,ano!r quality :i* e libr>ian or assi/ant 9 a libr>y %\ld possess is a ?or\gh love ( 8 "w4 ,he %\ld *]i% a noble en?usiasm = ! success & usefulness ( ! in/itution ) :i* he has *os5 to be associat$4 ,nor %\ld ?is _s be by any means limit$ to ! lit]>y & sci5tific aid :i* he is enabl$ to ext5d to o!rs1 nor to ! acquisition ( ! k requisite to meet ! endless inquiries t are made ( him4 ,he %\ld take z mu* int]e/ 9 re/or+ a brok5 b9d+1 or 9 see+ t a torn leaf is repair$1 z 9 in=m+ a great s*ol> :at ! libr>y conta9s ^u any subject4 ,no "o :o is li/less or indiff]5t 9 ! dis*>ge ( daily duties is fit = a place 9 a public libr>y4 ,!re %\ld be an esprit de corps1 a zeal = 8 pr(ession1 :i* w lead him to make almo/ any sacrifice ( outside int]e/s to become pr(ici5t 9 x4 ,?us only w he r5d] himself indisp5sable 9 8 place1 & d ! greate/ am\nt ( s]vice to ! greate/ numb] ( read]s4 ,i h se5 employees 9 libr>ies s utt]ly c>eless ( :at belongs to _! vocation1 z to let books1 totally unfit = use1 ragg$ or brok51 or ) plates loos5$1 ready to drop out & disappe>1 g back to ! %elves unrepair$1 to pursue ! d[nw>d road t[>d de/ruction4 ,& ,i h be5 9 _m libr>ies 9 :i* ! books ^u ! %elves exhibit$ su* utt] want ( c>e1 su* dis>rangem5t1 su* tumbl+ ab\t & upside-d[n *aos1 & su* want ( cleanl9ess1 z fairly to make "o's he>t a*e4 ,9 "s cases ?is may h be5 due 9 great "p to unwise free admission ( ! public to ! %elves1 & consequ5t inevitable disord]2 9 o!rs1 x may be p>tially excus$ by ! libr>ian's absolute want ( ! ne$ful help or "t1 to keep ! libr>y 9 ord]2 b 9 o!rs1 x 0 too app>5t t ! libr>ian 9 *>ge took no int]e/ 9 ! condition ( ! books4 ,too _m libr>ians 7at lea/ ( ! pa/1 h[ev] x may n[ be7 h be5 ( ! class describ$ by ,dr4 ,poole1 ! ,*icago libr>ian4 ,he said t libr>y tru/ees too (t5 appe>$ to ?9k t anybody almo/ w\ld d = a libr>ian2 m5 :o h fail$ 9 ev]y?+ else1 brok5-d[n cl]gym51 or unsuccessful tea*]s1 & ! l4 ,pass+ n[ to o!r ne$ful qualifications ( libr>ians & libr>y assi/ants1 let me say t "o ( ! =emo/ is accuracy4 ,p]haps ,i h be=e ?is rem>k$ t exact accuracy is "o ( ! r>e/ ( human qualities4 ,ev5 an approximation to x is r>e1 & absolute accuracy is /ill r>]4 ,bew>e ( ! p]son :o is sure ( e ?+--:o retails to y a conv]sation he has he>d1 affect+ to give ! exact words ( a ?ird p]son1 or :o quotes passages 9 v]se or 9 prose1 ) glib assurance1 z ! production ( "s well-kn[n writ]4 ,! *ances are t5 to "o t ! conv]sation is ma9ly manufactur$ 9 ! bra9 ( ! n>rator1 & t ! quotation is ei!r n writt5 by ! au?or to :om x is attribut$1 or else is a trave/y ( 8 real language4 ,x is ,"l ,byron :o tells ( t num]\s class ( scioli/s :om "o f9ds ev]y:]e-- ,) j en\gh ( le>n+ to misquote4 ,! books "o reads ab\nd 9 errone\s dates1 mi/ak5 names1 g>bl$ extracts1 & blund]+ quotations4 ,s mu* ! m important is x to ! libr>ian1 :o is s cont9ually drawn ^u = correct in=mation ^u e subject1 to make sure ( 8 facts1 be=e communicat+ !m4 ,:5 7z frequ5tly happ5s7 he has no way ( v]ify+ !m1 he %\ld report !m1 n z 8 own conclusions1 b on ! au?ority ( ! book or p]iodical :]e f\nd4 ,?is w relieve him ( all responsibility1 if !y turn out to be errone\s4 ,:5ev] ,i f9d a wrong date or "n 9 a pr9t$ book1 or an errone\s ref]5ce 9 ! index1 or a mis-spell$ ^w1 ,i always p5cil ! correct date1 or "n1 or page ( ref]5ce 9 ! m>g94 ,?is ,i d z a matt] ( in/9ct1 z well z ( duty1 = ! b5efit ( future inquir]s1 s t !y may n be misl$4 ,i speak "h ( errors :i* are palpable1 or ( ! inaccuracy ( :i* ,i h positive k2 if 9 d\bt1 ,i ei!r let ! matt] g entirely1 or write a qu]y 9 p5cil at ! place1 ) ! presum$ correct sub/itute app5d$4 ,nev] be too sure ( :at y f9d 9 books2 b prove all ?+s & hold fa/ to ^? only :i* y f9d to be beyond dispute4 ,?us w y save y\rself f fall+ into _m errors1 & f recant+ _m op9ions4 ,x is ! me?od ( ord9>y education to take ev]y?+ = grant$2 x is ! me?od ( sci5ce to take no?+ = grant$4 ,i may ref] "h to ano!r rule always to be obs]v$1 & p]ta9+ to ! !me ( /rict accuracy 9 y\r daily "w4 ,t is1 ! necessity ( c>efully exam9+ e piece ( "w y may h done1 be=e x leaves y\r h&s1 = ! purpose ( correct+ errors4 ,all ( u are n only liable to make mi/akes1 b all ( u d make !m2 & if any "o has a conceit ( 8 own accuracy1 ! sure/ way to take x out ( him is to let him s]ve an appr5tice%ip 9 "s libr>y1 :]e !re is compet5t revision ( all ! labor p]=m$4 ,!re are multitudes ( assi/ants 9 libr>ies :o _c write a lett]1 ev51 )\t mak+ "o or m errors4 ,h[ (t5 d y leave out a ^w 9 y\r writ+ exp]i5ce1 :i* may *ange ! mean+ ( a :ole s5t5ce8 ,s1 9 writ+ titles1 :e!r = ! catalogue1 or = a libr>y ord]1 or = ! in=mation ( "s inquir]1 y are liable to make errors ( date1 or edition1 or place ( publication1 or size1 or to misplace or omit or sub/itute "s ^w 9 ! description ( ! book4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! _w q s easy z to be mi/ak53 & ! only rem$y 7& x is an all-ess5tial "o7 is to g ov] e l9e & e ^w ( :at y h writt51 be=e x leaves y\r h&s4 ,z second ?\ghts are prov]bially be/1 s a second c>eful glance ov] a piece ( writ+ w almo/ always reveal "s error or omission to be correct$4 ,?9k ( ! mortification y mu/ feel at f9d+ an unv]ifi$ piece ( "w return$ ^u y\r h&s1 ) sev]al gl>+ mi/akes m>k$ by ! revis]6 ,?9k1 on ! o!r h&1 ( ! inw>d satisfaction exp]i5c$ :5 y h done y\r be/1 writt5 & revis$ y\r own "w1 & f\nd x always pass$ z p]fect4 ,i h tri$ _m p]sons by _m te/s1 & :ile ,i h f\nd a great numb] :o 7 indu/ri\s1 intellig5t1 zeal\s1 consci5ti\s1 good-temp]$1 & exp$iti\s1 ,i h f\nd sc>cely "o :o 0 always accurate4 ,"o ( ! r>e/ ?+s 9 a libr>y is to f9d an assi/ant :o has an un]r+ s5se ( ! ,fr5* acc5ts4 ,?is k1 to "o exp]t 9 t language1 ev5 if he does n speak x1 %\ld be z intuitive z ! art ( spell+ correctly1 ei!r 9 ,engli% or ,fr5*4 ,he %\ld write ! prop] acc5t ov] a lett] j z infallibly z he writes ! prop] lett]s 9 a ^w4 ,b1 /range to say1 x is v common1 ev5 ) good ,fr5* s*ol>s 79 ! book-s5se or lit]>y s5se ( s*ol>%ip7 to f9d !m putt+ ! acute acc5t = ! grave ov] a v[el1 or ! grave in/ead ( ! acute1 or omitt+ ! circumflex acc5t entirely1 & s on4 ,e "o commits errors1 b ! wise man is he :o le>ns by 8 mi/akes1 & applies ! rem$y4 ,! be/ rem$y 7z ,i said 9 ! case ( memory 9 ano!r *apt]17 is to cultivate a habit ( tra9$ att5tion 9 :atev] we d4 ,yet _m p 7& ,i am afraid we mu/ say mo/ p7 g on ?r\gh life1 mak+ ! same blund]s1 & repeat+ !m4 ,x appe>s z if ! habit ( inaccuracy 7 innate 9 ! human race1 & only to be re=m$ by ! utmo/ pa9/ak+1 & ev5 ) ! aid ( t1 only by a few4 ,i h _h to obs]ve & correct su* numb]less errors 9 ! "w ( well-educat$1 adult1 & o!rwise accompli%$ p]sons1 z fill$ me ) despair4 ,yet !re is no m d\bt ( ! improvability ( ! av]age m9d1 h[ev] inaccurate at ! />t1 ?an ( ! p[] ( ! w to correct o!r bad habits into :i* p unconsci\sly fall4 ,"o ( ! requisites ( a successful libr>ian is a faculty ( ord] & sy/em1 appli$ ?r\gh\t all ! details ( libr>y adm9i/ration4 ,)\t ^!1 ! "w w be p]=m$ 9 a hap-haz>d1 slov5ly mann]1 & ! libr>y itself w t5d to become a *aos4 ,be> 9 m9d ! great ext5t & v>iety ( ! objects :i* come "u ! c>e ( ! libr>ian1 all ( :i* are to be classifi$ & r$uc$ to ord]4 ,^! include n only books ^u e e>?ly subject 7& v _m ^u une>?ly ones7 b a possibly wide range ( newspap]s & p]iodicals1 a great mass ( miscellane\s pamphlets1 sometimes ( maps & *>ts1 ( manuscripts & broadsides1 & frequ5tly collections ( engrav+s1 photographs1 & o!r pictures1 all ( :i* come 9 to =m a "p ( mo/ libr>ies4 ,?is great complexity ( mat]ial1 too1 exhibits only ! physical aspect ( ! libr>ian's labors4 ,!re are1 besides1 ! prep>ation1 arrangem5t & cont9uation ( ! catalogue1 9 its ?ree or m =ms1 ! *>g+ & cr$it+ ( ! books 9 circulation1 ! se>*+ ( _m book li/s = pur*ases1 ! libr>y bills & acc\nts1 ! sup]vision & revision ( ! "w ( assi/ants1 ! libr>y correspond5ce1 (t5 requir+ wide rese>*es to answ] inquiries1 ! cont9ual aid to read]s1 & a multitude ( m9or objects ( att5tion q too num]\s to "n4 ,is x any ov]-/atem5t ( ! case to say t ! libr>ian :o has to organize & provide = all ?is physical & intellectual labor1 %\ld be sy/ematic & ord]ly 9 a high degree8 ,t portion ( 8 responsible task :i* p]ta9s to ! arrangem5t & classification ( books has be5 else:]e treat$4 ,b !re is requir$ 9 addition1 a faculty ( arrang+ 8 "t1 s z to meet seasonably ! multif>i\s drafts ^u x4 ,he %\ld e>ly le>n n only ! supreme value ( mom5ts1 b h[ to make all ! libr>y h\rs fruitful ( results4 ,to ?is end ! "t %\ld be apportion$ ) c>eful ref]5ce to ea* dep>tm5t ( libr>y s]vice4 ,"o h\r may be set = revis+ "o k9d ( "w ( assi/ants2 ano!r = a diff]5t "o2 ano!r = p]us+ sale catalogues1 & m>k+ desid]ata to be look$ up 9 ! libr>y catalogue2 ano!r = rese>*es 9 aid ( read]s or correspond5ts2 /ill ano!r = answ]+ lett]s on ! _m subjects ab\t :i* libr>ians are con/antly address$2 & /ill ano!r = a survey ( all ! v>i$ int]e/s ( ! libr>y & its frequ5t]s1 to see :at features ( ! s]vice ne$ /r5g!n+1 :at improvem5ts c be made1 :at errors correct$1 & h[ its g5]al usefulness c be increas$4 ,s to apportion "o's "t z to get out ( ! day 7:i* is all too %ort = :at is to be done 9 x7 ! utmo/ ( accompli%m5t is a problem requir+ mu* skill1 z well z ! ability to pr(it by exp]i5ce4 ,"o has always to be subject to int]ruptions--& ^! mu/ be all[$ =1 & 9 "s way made up =4 ,rememb]1 :5 y h lo/ valuable "t ) "s visitor ^: claims to y\r att5tion are p>am\nt1 t :5 to-morr[ comes "o %\ld take up e>ly ! arre>s ( "w po/pon$1 & make progress ) !m1 ev5 ?\gh unable to f9i% !m4 ,ano!r sugge/ion2 prop] sy/em 9 ! managem5t & control ( "o's "t dem&s t none ( x be absorb$ by trifles or trifl]s2 & s e libr>ian mu/ indisp5sably "k h[ to get rid ( bores4 ,"o may almo/ always manage to effect ?is )\t giv+ (f5se1 & at ! same "t )\t wa/+ any "t ^u !m1 :i* is ! "o ?+ ne$ful4 ,! bore is commonly "o :o1 hav+ little or no?+ to d1 inflicts himself ^u ! busy p]sons ( 8 acqua9tance1 & especially ^u ! ones :om he cr$its ) kn[+ ! mo/--to wit1 ! libr>ians4 ,receive him c\rte\sly1 b keep on /eadily at ! "w y are do+ :5 he ent]s4 ,if y are skilful1 y c easily d two ?+s at once1 = example1 answ] y\r idl] fri5d or y\r bore1 & revise title-c>ds1 or m>k a catalogue1 or collate a book1 or look up a quotation1 or write a lett]1 at ! same "t4 ,nev] lose y\r good humor1 nev] say t y\r "t is valuable1 or t y are v busy2 nev] h9t at 8 go+ away2 b nev] quit y\r "w1 answ] que/ions *e]fully1 & keep on1 all[+ no?+ to take y\r eyes (f y\r bus9ess4 ,by & by he w take ! h9t1 if n :olly pa*yd]mat\s1 & g away ( 8 own accord4 ,by pursu+ ?is c\rse ,i h sav$ inf9ite "t1 & got rid ( inf9ite bores1 by "o & ! same process4 ,! faculty ( organiz+ "o's "w is ess5tial1 9 ord] to effici5cy & accompli%m5t4 ,if y d n h a plan & adh]e to x1 if y let ?is1 t1 & ! o!r p]son int]rupt y ) trifl+ gossip1 or unnecess>y reque/s1 y w nev] get ahead ( y\r "w2 on ! contr>y1 y\r "w w always get ahead ( y4 ,! same result w foll[ if y int]rupt y\rself1 by yield+ to ! temptation ( read+ j a page or a p>agraph ( some?+ t attracts y\r eye :ile at "w4 ,?is dissipation ( "t1 to say no?+ ( its unfair appropriation ( :at belongs to ! libr>y1 defeats ! prompt accompli%m5t ( ! "w 9 h&1 & fo/]s ! evil habit ( scatt]+ y\r =ces1 9 idl5ess & procra/9ation4 ,x ought n to be ne$ful to urge habits ( neatness & ! love ( ord] ^u c&idates = places 9 libr>ies4 ,h[ mu* a neat & c>efully arrang$ %elf ( books appeals to "o's ta/e1 ,i ne$ n say1 nor urge ! po9t h[ mu* an ord]ly & neatly kept room1 or desk1 or table adds to "o's com=t4 ,! libr>ian :o has ! prop] _s ( 8 call+ %\ld take pa9s to make ! :ole libr>y look neat & attractive1 to h a place = ev]y?+1 & ev]y?+ 9 its place4 ,?is1 ) adequate space exi/+1 w be f\nd easi] ?an to h ! books & o!r mat]ial scatt]$ ab\t 9 confusion1 ?us requir+ mu* m "t to f9d !m :5 want$4 ,a slov5ly-kept libr>y is c]ta9 to provoke public criticism1 & ?is always tells to ! disadvantage ( ! libr>ian2 :ile a neatly kept1 c>efully arrang$ collection ( books is n only pleas+ to ! eye1 b elicits favorable judgm5t f all visitors4 ,among ! qualities t %\ld ent] into ! composition ( a successful libr>ian mu/ be reckon$ an inexhau/ible pati5ce4 ,he w be sorely tri$ 9 8 endeavors to satisfy 8 own ideals1 & sometimes /ill m sorely 9 8 ef=ts to satisfy ! public4 ,aga9/ ! mi/akes & %ort-com+s ( assi/ants1 ! ignorance ( _m read]s1 & ! unreasonable expectations ( o!rs1 ! hamp]+s ( libr>y au?orities1 & ! frequ5tly unf\nd$ criticisms ( ! press1 he %\ld arm himself ) a pati5ce & equanimity t are unfail+4 ,:5 he kn[s he is "r1 he %\ld nev] be di/urb$ at compla9t1 nor suff] a too s5sitive mood to ruffle 8 feel+s4 ,:5 !re is any f\ndation = c5sure1 h[ev] slight1 he %\ld le>n by x & apply ! rem$y4 ,! _m & v>i$ *>act]s :o come )9 ! compreh5sive sph]e ( ! libr>ian necess>ily include p ( all temp]s & dispositions1 z well z ( e degree ( culture4 ,to be graci\s & c\rte\s to all is 8 int]e/ z well z 8 duty4 ,) ! ignorant he w (t5 h to ex]cise a va/ am\nt ( pati5ce1 b he %\ld nev] betray a sup]cili\s air1 z ?\gh look+ d[n ^u !m f ! height ( 8 own sup]ior intellig5ce4 ,to be always amiable t[>d inf]iors1 sup]iors1 & equals1 is to conciliate ! reg>d ( all4 ,c\rtesy co/s s little1 & makes s l>ge a return 9 proportion to ! inve/m5t1 t x is surpris+ n to f9d x univ]sal4 ,yet x is s f> f be+ s t we he> p prais+ "o ^: mann]s are always affable1 z if he 7 des]v+ ( special cr$it = x1 z an exception to ! g5]al rule4 ,x is frequ5tly obs]v$ t a p]son ( brusque address or cru/y spee* begets cru/9ess 9 o!rs4 ,!re are subtle curr5ts ( feel+ 9 human int]c\rse1 n easy to def9e1 b none ! less pot5t 9 effect4 ,a p]son ( m>k$ suavity ( spee* & be>+ radiates ab\t him an atmosph]e ( good humor1 :i* ins5sibly influ5ces ! mann]s & ! spee* ( o!rs4 ,!re w (t5 come into a public libr>y a man ^: :ole mann] is aggressive & ov]-be>+1 :o acts & talks z if he _h a "r to ! :ole place1 includ+ ! libr>ian4 ,no d\bt1 be+ a citiz51 he has e "r1 except ! "r to violate ! rules--or to make himself disagreeable4 ,! way to meet him is to be nei!r aggressive1 nor submissive & def]5tial1 b ) a cool & pleasant c\rtesy1 ignor+ any idea ( unpleasant feel+ on y\r "p4 ,y w ?us at lea/ tea* a lesson 9 good mann]s1 :i* may or may n be le>n$1 accord+ to circum/ances & ! hopeful or hopeless "* ( ! pupil4 ,closely alli$ to ! virtue ( pati5ce1 is t ( unfail+ tact4 ,?is w be f\nd an important adjunct 9 ! adm9i/ration ( a public libr>y4 ,h[ to meet ! innum]able inquiries made ( him ) j ! prop] answ]1 say+ nei!r too mu*1 nor too little1 to be civil to all1 )\t ne$less multiplication ( words1 ?is requires "o to hold 8 faculties well 9 h&1 nev] to =get himself1 & to %[ t no dem& :atev] c vex or flu/] him4 ,! libr>ian %\ld "k h[1 or le>n h[ to adapt himself to all read]s1 & h[ to aid _! rese>*es )\t devot+ mu* "t to ea*4 ,?is requires a f9e quality ( tact1 ( adapt+ "o's self quickly to ! v>i$ circum/ances ( ! case 9 h&4 ,"o :o has x well develop$ w g ?r\gh ! manifold labors & int]views & annoyances ( ! day )\t friction1 :ile "o :o is )\t tact w be worri$ & frett$ until life seems to him a burd54 ,ne$ ,i m5tion1 aft] all t has be5 said ( ! exact+ labors t cont9ually wait ^u ! libr>ian1 t he %\ld be possess$ bo? ( en]gy & untir+ indu/ry8 ,by ! v nature ( ! call+ to :i* he is d$icat$1 he is pl$g$ to e>ne/ & ?or\gh "w 9 x4 ,he _c af=d to be a trifl] or a loit]] on ! way1 b mu/ pu% on cont9ually4 ,he %\ld f9d "t = play1 x is true1 & = read+ = 8 own recreation & in/ruction1 b t "t %\ld be out ( libr>y h\rs4 ,& a vigilant & det]m9$ economy ( "t 9 libr>y h\rs w be f\nd a prime necessity4 ,i h dwelt else:]e ^u ! importance ( *oos+ ! %orte/ me?ods 9 e piece ( "w to be accompli%$4 ,equally important is x to cultivate economy ( spee*1 or ! habit ( cond5s+ in/ructions to assi/ants1 & answ]s to inquiries into ! fewe/ words4 ,a libr>y %\ld nev] be a circumlocution (fice4 ,! faculty ( cond5s$ expression1 ?\gh some:at r>e1 c be cultivat$4 ,9 ! relations exi/+ betwe5 libr>ian & assi/ants !re %\ld be mutual confid5ce & support4 ,all are equally int]e/$ 9 ! cr$it & success ( ! in/itution :i* engages _! s]vices1 & all %\ld labor h>moni\sly to t end4 ,loyalty to "o's employ]s is bo? ! duty & ! int]e/ ( ! employ$3 & ! reciprocal duty ( fai?fulness to ^? employ$1 & int]e/ 9 _! improvem5t & success %\ld m>k ! int]c\rse ( ! libr>ian ) 8 assi/ants4 ,he %\ld nev] be too old nor too wise to le>n1 & %\ld welcome sugge/ions f e intellig5t aid4 ,i h sugge/$ ! importance ( an ev5 temp] 9 ! relations betwe5 libr>ians & read]s2 & x is equally important z betwe5 all ^? associat$ 9 ! adm9i/ration ( a libr>y4 ,e "o has faults & weaknesses2 & ^? enc\nt]$ 9 o!rs w be view$ ) ! mo/ *>ity by ^? :o are duly consci\s ( _! own4 ,e "o makes mi/akes1 & ^! are (t5 provok+ or irritat+ to "o :o kn[s bett]2 b a mild & pleasant explanation ( ! error is f> m likely to lead to am5dm5t1 ?an a %>p repro(1 leav+ h>d feel+ or bitt]ness beh9d4 ,"u no circum/ances is peevi%ness or passion ju/ifiable4 ,libr>y assi/ants 9 _! be>+ t[>d ea* o!r1 %\ld suppress all feel+s ( c5sori\sness1 fault-f9d+ or jeal\sy1 if !y h !m1 9 favor ( civility & good mann]s1 if n ( good fell[%ip4 ,!y are all public s]vants engag$ 9 a common cause1 aim+ at ! enlight5m5t & improvem5t ( ! community2 !y %\ld *]i% a j pride 9 be+ select$ = ?is great s]vice1 & to help "o ano!r 9 e /ep ( ! "w1 %\ld be _! gold5 rule4 ,ev]y?+ %\ld be done = ! success & usefulness ( ! libr>y1 & all p]sonal consid]ations %\ld be m]g$ 9 public ones4 ,turn+ n[ to :at rema9s ( sugge/ion reg>d+ ! qualities :i* %\ld ent] into ! "*1 or =m a "p ( ! equipm5t ( a libr>ian1 let me urge ! importance ( 8 possess+ a truly lib]al & imp>tial m9d4 ,x is due to all :o frequ5t a public libr>y to f9d all ^? 9 *>ge ready & will+ to aid _! rese>*es 9 :atev] direction !y may lie4 ,_! attitude %\ld be "o ( con/ant & s9c]e op5-m9d$ness4 ,!y are to rememb] t x is ! function ( ! libr>y to supply ! writ+s ( all k9ds ( au?ors1 on all sides ( all que/ions4 ,9 do+ ?is1 x is no "p ( a libr>ian's function to int]pose any judgm5ts ( 8 own ^u ! au?ors ask$ =4 ,he has no "r z a libr>ian to be an advocate ( any !ories1 or a propag&i/ ( any op9ions4 ,8 attitude %\ld be "o ( /rict & absolute imp>tiality4 ,a public libr>y is ! "o common prop]ty ( all1 ! "o neutral gr\nd :]e all v>ieties ( "*1 & all s*ools ( op9ion meet & m+le4 ,)9 its hall[$ prec9cts1 sacr$ to lit]ature & sci5ce1 ! voice ( controv]sy %\ld be hu%$4 ,:ile ! libr>ian may & %\ld hold 8 own private op9ions ) firmness & entire indep5d5ce1 he %\ld keep !m private--z reg>ds ! frequ5t]s ( ! libr>y4 ,he may1 = example1 be pr(\ndly conv9c$ ( ! tru? ( ! ,*ri/ian religion2 & he is call$ on1 we w suppose1 = books attack+ ,*ri/ianity1 l ,?omas ,pa9e's ,age ( ,reason1 or ,rob]t ,g4 ,+]soll's lectures on ,my? & ,miracle4 ,x is 8 simple duty to supply ! writ]s ask$ =1 )\t comm5t1 = 9 a public libr>y1 ,*ri/ian & ,jew1 ,mahometan & ,agno/ic1 /& on ! same level ( absolute equality4 ,! libr>y has ! ,koran1 & ! ,book ( ,mormon1 z well z ! ,scriptures ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t1 & "o is to be z freely suppli$ z ! o!r4 ,a libr>y is an in/itution ( univ]sal range--( encyclopa$ic k1 :i* ga!rs 9 & disp5ses to all com]s1 ! v>i\s & conflict+ op9ions ( all writ]s ^u religion1 sci5ce1 politics1 philosophy1 & sociology4 ,! libr>ian may *ance to be an ard5t ,republican or a zeal\s ,democrat2 b 9 ei!r case1 he %\ld %[ z mu* alacrity 9 furni%+ read]s ) ,w4 ,j4 ,bryan's book ,! ,fir/ ,battle1 z ) ,mc,kinley's spee*es1 or ! ,republican ,h&-,book4 ,a libr>y is no place = dogmatism2 ! libr>ian is pl$g$1 by ! v nature ( 8 pr(ession1 :i* is t ( a disp5s] ( all k--n ( a "p ( x--to entire lib]ality1 & absolute imp>tiality4 ,rememb]+ ! axiom t all errors may be safely tol]at$1 :ile reason is left free to combat !m1 he %\ld be ev] ready to furni% out ( ! intellectual ars5al "u 8 *>ge1 ! be/ & /ronge/ weapons to ei!r side 9 any conflict ( op9ion4 ,x w h be5 ga!r$ f :at has gone be=e1 9 recapitulation ( ! duties & responsibilities ( ! libr>ian's call+1 t x is "o dem&+ a high ord] ( tal5t4 ,! bus9ess ( successfully conduct+ a public libr>y is complex & difficult4 ,x is full ( nev]-end+ detail1 & ! "w accompli%$ does n %[ = :at x is really wor?1 except 9 ! eyes ( ! m ?\ghtful & disc]n+ obs]v]s4 ,i may "h br+ into view "s ( ! drawbacks & disc\ragem5ts incid5t to ! libr>ian's vocation1 toge!r ) an outl9e ( ! advantages :i* belong to x4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !re is little money 9 x4 ,no "o :o looks ^u ! acquisition ( money z "o ( ! *ief aims ( life1 %\ld ?9k = a mom5t ( ent]+ on a libr>ian's c>e]4 ,! prizes 9 ! pr(ession are few--s few inde$1 z to be q out ( ! "q = mo/ aspirants4 ,! sal>ies paid 9 subord9ate positions are v l[ 9 mo/ libr>ies1 & ev5 ^? ( head-libr>ians are n su* t "o c lay up money on !m4 ,a lady assi/ant libr>ian 9 "o city said %e _h f\nd t "o ( a libr>ian's prop] qualifications 0 to be able to live on two meals a day4 ,?is d\btless 0 a humor\s exagg]ation1 b x is true t ! av]age sal>ies hi!rto paid 9 our public libr>ies1 ) few exceptions1 d n q come up to ^? ( public s*ool tea*]s1 tak+ ! v>i\s grades into acc\nt4 ,mo/ ( ! newly =m$ libr>ies are poor1 & h to be economical4 ,b !re is "s reason to hope t z libr>ies multiply & _! unspeakable advantages become m fully appreciat$1 ! /&>d ( comp5sation = all skill$ libr>ians w rise4 ,i say skill$1 because tra9+ & exp]i5ce are ! lead+ elem5ts :i* comm& ! bett] sal>ies1 9 ?is1 z 9 o!r pr(essions4 ,ano!r drawback to be recogniz$ 9 ! libr>ian's call+1 is t !re are peculi> trials & vexations connect$ ) x4 ,!re are almo/ no limits to ! dem&s made ^u ! k & ! "t ( ! libr>ian4 ,9 o!r pr(essions1 tea*+ = example1 !re are prescrib$ & well-def9$ r\t9es ( ! in/ruction to be giv51 & ! tea*] :o ?or\ghly ma/]s ?is c\rse1 & br+s ! pupils ?r\gh x cr$itably1 has no?+ to d beyond4 ,! libr>ian1 on ! o!r h&1 mu/ be1 z x 71 a tea*] ( all sci5ces & lit]atures at once4 ,! field to be cov]$ by ! wants ( read]s1 & ! inquiries t he is expect$ to answ]1 are lit]ally illimitable4 ,he _c re/ satisfi$ ) :at he has already le>n$1 h[ev] exp]t or le>n$ he may h become2 b he mu/ keep on le>n+ =ev]more4 ,! new books t are cont9ually flood+ him1 ! new sci5ces or new developm5ts ( old ones t arise1 mu/ be s f> assimilat$ t he c give "s acc\nt ( ! scope ( all ( !m to inquir+ read]s4 ,9 ! ?ird place1 !re are special annoyances 9 ! s]vice ( a public1 :i* includes always "s inconsid]ate & _m ignorant p]sons1 & ^! w frequ5tly try "o's pati5ce1 h[ev] angelic & =be>+4 ,s1 too1 ! %ort-com+s ( libr>y assi/ants or associates may (t5 annoy him1 b z all ^! trials h be5 be=e ref]r$ to1 x may be add$ t !y are n peculi> to libr>y s]vice1 b are liable to occur 9 ! pr(ession ( tea*+ or 9 any o!r4 ,9 ! next place1 ! peculi> v>iety & great numb] ( ! calls incessantly made ^u ! libr>ian's k1 con/itute a =midable draft ^u any b ! /ronge/ bra94 ,!re is no escape f ^! cont9ual drafts ^u 8 n]v\s en]gy = "o :o has delib]ately *os5 to s]ve 9 a public libr>y4 ,& he w sometimes f9d1 we>i$ z he (t5 mu/ be ) _m c>es & a p]fect flood ( que/ions1 t ! mo/ welcome h\r ( ! day is ! h\r ( clos+ ! libr>y4 ,ano!r ( ! libr>ian's vexations is frequ5tly ! int]f]5ce ) 8 prop] "w by ! libr>y au?orities4 ,committees or tru/ees to ov]see ! managem5t & sup]vise exp5ditures are necess>y to any public libr>y4 ,sometimes !y are quick-sight$ & intellig5t p]sons1 & recognize ! importance ( lett+ ! libr>ian "w out ev]y?+ 9 8 own way1 :5 once satisfi$ t !y h got a compet5t head 9 *>ge4 ,b !re are sometimes m5 on a bo>d ( libr>y control :o are self-conceit$ & pragmatical1 ?9k+ t !y "k ev]y?+ ab\t h[ a libr>y %\ld be manag$1 :5 9 fact1 !y are pr(\ndly ignorant ( ! fir/ rudim5ts ( libr>y sci5ce4 ,su* m5 w sometimes ov]be> _! fell[s1 :o may be m intellig5t1 b n s self-ass]t+1 & s manage z to ov]rule ! be/ & wise/ plans1 or ! mo/ exp$i5t me?ods1 & vex ! v s\l ( ! libr>ian4 ,9 su* cases ! only rem$y is pati5ce & tact4 ,"s day1 :at has be5 decid$ wrongly may be rev]s$1 or :at has be5 d5i$ ! libr>ian may be grant$1 ?r\gh ! conv]sion ( a m9ority ( ! tru/ees into a majority1 by ! g5tle suasion & skilful reason+ ( ! libr>ian4 ,!re are o!r drawbacks & discom=ts 9 ! c\rse ( a libr>ian's duties :i* h be5 ref]r$ to 9 deal+ ) ! daily "w "u 8 *>ge4 ,!re rema9s ! fact t ! pr(ession is no b$ ( roses1 b a labori\s & exact+ call+1 ! price ( success 9 :i* is an unremitt+ indu/ry1 & en]gy inexhau/ible4 ,b ^! w n appe> v =midable requisites to ^? :o h a native love ( "w1 & x is a fact n to be d\bt$ t "w ( "s k9d is ! only salvation ( e human creature4 ,^u ! :ole1 if ! call+ ( ! libr>ian involves _m trials & vexations1 x has also _m notable comp5sations4 ,=emo/ among ^! is to be reckon$ ! fact t x op5s m & wid] av5ues to intellectual culture ?an any o!r pr(ession :atev]4 ,?is comes 9 a two-fold way3 fir/1 ?r\gh ! /imulus to rese>* giv5 by ! incessant inquiries ( read]s1 & by ! v necessity ( 8 be+1 z a libr>ian2 & secondly1 by ! r>e facilities = inve/igation & improvem5t suppli$ by ! ample & v>i$ /ores ( ! libr>y always imm$iately at h&4 ,o!r s*ol>s c commonly comm& b few books1 unless able to possess a l>ge private libr>y3 _! rese>*es 9 ! public "o are hamp]$ by ! rule t no works ( ref]5ce c be )drawn1 & t con/itutes a v l>ge & ess5tial class1 con/antly ne$$ by e s*ol> & writ]4 ,! libr>ian1 on ! o!r h&1 has !m all at 8 elb[4 ,9 ! next place1 !re are few pr(essions :i* are 9 !mselves s attractive z libr>ian%ip4 ,its t5d5cy is bo? to absorb & to satisfy ! intellectual faculties4 ,no :]e else is ! s5se ( cont9ual gr[? s palpable2 9 no o!r field ( labor is su* an enl>gem5t ( ! b\nds ( "o's horizon likely to be f\nd4 ,comp>e x ) ! pr(ession ( tea*+4 ,9 t1 ! m9d is *a9$ d[n to a rigor\s c\rse ( imp>t+ in/ruction 9 a n>r[ & limit$ field4 ,"o mu/ p]=ce g on rehe>s+ ! same rudim5ts ( le>n+1 gr9d+ ov] ! same ,lat9 g]unds1 he>+ ! same monoton\s recitations1 mon? aft] mon?1 & ye> aft] ye>4 ,?is cont9ual ?re%+ ov] ( old /raw has its uses1 b to an ard5t & active m9d1 x is liable to become v depress+4 ,su* a m9d w\ld r be kept on ! qui vive ( activity by a volley ( que/ions fir$ at him e h\r 9 a libr>y1 ?an to gr9d =ev] 9 an intellectual tread-mill1 ) no hope ( *ange & v little ( relief4 ,! v v>iety ( ! employm5ts :i* fill up ! libr>y h\rs1 ! v]satility requir$ 9 ! s]vice1 contributes to x a c]ta9 ze/ :i* o!r pr(essions lack4 ,aga91 ! labors ( ! libr>ian br+ him into an intimate k ( a wide range ( books1 or at lea/ an acqua9tance ) au?ors & titles f> m ext5sive ?an c be acquir$ by mo/ p]sons4 ,! read+ ( book catalogues is a great & nev]-end+ fasc9ation to "o :o has a love = books4 ,! in=mation ?us acquir$ ( ! mighty range ( ! _w's lit]ature & sci5ce is ( ine/imable value4 ,mo/ ( x1 if reta9$ 9 a ret5tive memory1 w enable its possessor to answ] multitudes ( ! que/ions cont9ually put to ! libr>ian4 ,!n1 too1 ! s]vice ( a public libr>y is a valuable s*ool = ! /udy ( human nature4 ,"o comes 9 contact ) s*ol>s1 m5 ( bus9ess1 au?ors1 bright "y p1 j\rnali/s1 pr(essional m5 & cultur$ wom51 to an ext5t unequal$ by ! opportunities ( any o!r call+4 ,?is v>iety ( int]c\rse t5ds to broad5 "o's sympa?ies1 to /r5g!n 8 p[]s ( obs]vation1 to cultivate habits ( c\rtesy1 to develop ! faculty ( adapt+ himself to all p]sons--qualities :i* contribute mu* to social int]e/ & success4 ,! discipl9e ( su* an int]c\rse may sometimes make out ( a sil5t & ba%ful recluse1 a ready & engag+ adept 9 conv]sation1 able to comm& ! att5tion & conciliate ! reg>d ( all4 ,f>!r ?an ?is1 "o br\ght into s wide a circle ( communication ) o!rs1 _c fail to le>n some?+ f at lea/ "s among !m1 & s to receive k z well z to imp>t x4 ,! curi\s & div]se elem5ts ( "* br\ght out 9 su* int]c\rse w make _! impress1 & may h _! value4 ,all ^! _m facilities = intellectual int]c\rse bo? ) books & ) m51 contribute directly to keep ! libr>ian 9 contact ) all ! great objects ( human int]e/4 ,!y supply an unfail+ /imulus to 8 intellectual & moral nature4 ,!y give any active-m9d$ p]son r>e facilities1 n only = ! acquisition1 b = ! communication ( ideas4 ,& !re is "o av5ue = su* communication t is peculi>ly op5 to "o ^: m9d is /or$ ) ! ripe fruits ( read+ & obs]vation4 ,i mean ! field ( au?or%ip--n necess>ily ! au?or%ip ( books1 b ( writ+ 9 ! =m ( essays1 reviews1 lectures1 /ories or contributions to ! p]iodical press4 ,!re are 9 e community lit]>y societies1 clubs1 & ev5+ ga!r+s1 :]e su* contributions are always 9 dem&1 & always welcom$1 9 exact proportion to _! inh]5t int]e/ & value4 ,su* av5ues = ! communication ( "o's ?\ght are ( great & sometimes p]man5t advantage4 ,! k :i* we acquire is comp>atively b>r51 until x is %>$ ) o!rs4 ,& :e!r ?is be 9 an appreciative circle ( li/5]s1 or 9 ! press1 x gives a c]ta9 /imulus & rew>d to ! ?9k] & writ]1 :i* no?+ else c imp>t4 ,to convey "o's be/ ?\ght to ! _w is "o ( ! pure/ & highe/ ( intellectual pleasures4 ,let me add t !re are two sides to ! "q ( au?or%ip1 z conc]ns libr>ians4 ,on ! "o h&1 _! advantages = ent]+ t field are und\bt$ly sup]ior1 bo? f ! ready comm& ( ! mo/ abundant mat]ial1 & f exp]i5ce 9 its use4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :ile au?or%ip may be said to be ! mo/ besett+ temptation ( ! libr>ian1 x is "o t %\ld be /eadily resi/$ :5ev] x encroa*es on ! "t & att5tion due to libr>y duties4 ,if he makes x a rule to write no?+ & to /udy no?+ = 8 own objects dur+ libr>y h\rs1 he is safe4 ,"s ye>s s9ce x 0 a common subject ( reproa* reg>d+ ! libr>ians ( sev]al univ]sity libr>ies 9 ,engl& t !y 7 s engag$ 9 writ+ books1 t no s*ol> c\ld get at !m = aid 9 8 lit]>y rese>*es4 ,! libr>ians & assi/ants employ$ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y1 :]e ! h\rs ( s]vice are %ort1 h f\nd "t to produce num]\s contributions to lit]ature4 ,witness ! works1 z au?ors & editors1 ( ,sir ,h5ry ,ellis1 ,antonio ,panizzi1 ,dr4 ,ri*>d ,g>nett1 ,edw>d ,edw>ds1 ,j4 ,w9t] ,jones1 ,?omas ,watts1 ,george ,smi?1 & o!rs4 ,& 9 ,am]ica1 ! late ,ju/9 ,w9sor 0 "o ( ! mo/ prolific & v]satile ( au?ors1 :ile ,john ,fiske1 once assi/ant libr>ian at ,h>v>d1 ,reub5 ,a4 ,guild1 ,william ,f4 ,poole1 ,george ,h4 ,moore1 ,j4 ,n4 ,l>n$1 ,fr$]ick ,saund]s & o!rs h be5 copi\s contributors to ! press4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 a retrospective view ( :at has be5 said 9 respect to ! qualifications ( a libr>ian1 x may appe> t ,i h insi/$ ^u too high a /&>d1 & h claim$ t he %\ld be possess$ ( e virtue "u heav54 ,i freely admit t ,i h aim$ to pa9t ! portrait ( ! ideal libr>ian2 & ,i h done x 9 ord] to %[ :at might be accompli%$1 r ?an :at has be5 accompli%$4 ,to set "o's m>k high--high] ev5 ?an we are likely to rea*1 is ! sure/ way to atta9 real excell5ce 9 any vocation4 ,x is v true t x is n giv5 to mortals to a*ieve p]fection3 b x is none ! less our bus9ess to aim at x1 & ! high] ! ideal1 ! ne>] we are likely to come to a notable success 9 ! "w we h *os54 ,libr>ian%ip furni%es "o ( ! wide/ fields = ! mo/ em95t atta9m5ts4 ,! libr>ian1 m ?an any o!r p]son :atev]1 is br\ght into contact ) ^? :o are hung]+ & ?ir/+ aft] k4 ,he %\ld be able to satisfy ^? long+s1 to lead inquir]s 9 ! way !y %\ld g1 & to be to all :o seek 8 assi/ance a guide1 philosoph] & fri5d4 ,( all ! pleasures :i* a g5]\s m9d is capable ( enjoy+1 t ( aid+ & enlight5+ o!rs is "o ( ! f9e/ & mo/ delightful4 ,to le>n cont9ually = "o's self is a noble ambition1 b to le>n = ! sake ( communicat+ to o!rs1 is a f> nobl] "o4 ,9 fact1 ! libr>ian becomes mo/ widely useful by effac+ himself1 z x 71 9 seek+ to promote ! intellig5ce ( ! community 9 :i* he lives4 ,"o ( ! be/ libr>ians 9 ! c\ntry said t su* 7 ! privileges & opportunities ( ! pr(ession1 t "o might well af=d to live on bread & wat] = ! sake ( be+ a libr>ian1 provid$ "o _h no family to support4 ,!re is a new & signally m>k$ advance 9 rec5t ye>s1 9 ! public idea ( :at con/itutes a libr>ian4 ,! old idea ( a libr>ian 0 t ( a gu>dian or keep] ( books--n a diffus] ( k1 b a m]e cu/odian ( x4 ,?is idea _h its orig9 9 ages :5 books 7 few1 7 pr9t$ *iefly 9 dead languages1 & r5d]$ /ill m dead by be+ *a9$ to ! %elves or tables ( ! libr>y4 ,! libr>ian might be a monk1 or a pr(essor1 or a prie/1 or a doctor ( law1 or !ology1 or m$ic9e1 b 9 any case 8 function 0 to gu>d ! books1 & n to disp5se !m4 ,^? :o resort$ to ! libr>y 7 kept at arm's l5g?1 z x 71 & ! few] !re 7 :o came1 ! bett] ! grim or /udi\s cu/odian 0 pleas$4 ,e inquiry :i* broke ! pr(\nd sil5ce ( ! cloi/]$ libr>y 0 a k9d ( rude int]ruption1 & :5 x 0 answ]$1 ! p]functory libr>ian resum$ 8 read+ or 8 /udies4 ,! in/itution appe>$ to exi/1 n = ! b5efit ( ! p1 b = t ( ! libr>ian2 or = ! b5efit1 besides1 ( a few seque/]$ s*ol>s1 l himself1 & any wide popul> use ( x w\ld h be5 view$ z a k9d ( pr(anation4 ,we h *ang$ all t 9 ! mod]n _w1 & libr>y s]vice is n[ "o ( ! busie/ occupations 9 ! :ole range ( human ent]prise4 ,"o _c succe$ 9 ! pr(ession1 if 8 ma9 idea is t a public libr>y is a nice & easy place :]e "o may d "o's own read+ & writ+ to ! be/ advantage4 ,a libr>y is an intellectual & mat]ial "w-%op1 9 :i* !re is no room = fossils nor = drones4 ,my only conception ( a useful libr>y is a libr>y t is us$--& ! same ( a libr>ian4 ,he %\ld be a lov] ( books--b n a book-worm4 ,if 8 t5d5cies t[>d idealism are /rong1 he %\ld hold !m 9 *eck by addict+ himself to /eady1 practical1 e-day "w4 ,:ile c>eful ( all details1 he %\ld n be ma/]$ by !m4 ,if ,i h sometimes seem$ to dwell ^u trifl+ or obvi\s sugge/ions z to temp]1 or conduct1 or me?ods1 let x be rememb]$ t trifles make up p]fection1 & t p]fection is no trifle4 ,i once quot$ ! say+ t ! libr>ian :o reads is lo/2 b x w\ld be f> tru] to say t ! libr>ian :o does n read is lo/2 only he %\ld read wisely & ) a purpose4 ,he %\ld make 8 read+ helpful 9 giv+ him a wide k ( facts1 ( ?\ghts1 & ( illu/rations1 :i* w come p]petually 9 play 9 8 daily int]c\rse ) an inquir+ public4 ,,*apt] #ad4 ,,"s ,,( ,,! ,,uses ,,( ,,libr>ies4 ,let u n[ consid] ! subject ( ! uses ( public libr>ies to s*ools & ^? connect$ ) !m4 ,mo/ t[n & city libr>ies are support$1 l ! free s*ools1 by ! public money1 drawn f ! tax-pay]s1 & suppos$ to be exp5d$ = ! common b5efit ( all ! p4 ,x results t "o lead+ object ( ! libr>y %\ld be to acquire su* a collection ( books z w be 9 ! highe/ degree useful to all4 ,& especially %\ld ! wants ( ! y\ng] g5]ation be c>$ =1 s9ce !y are always n only ne>ly "o half ( ! community1 b !y are also to become ! future citiz5s ( ! republic4 ,:at we le>n 9 y\? is likely to make a m m>k$ & la/+ impression ?an :at we may acquire 9 lat] ye>s4 ,& ! public libr>y %\ld be view$ z ! mo/ important & necess>y adjunct ( ! s*ool1 9 ! in/ruction & improvem5t ( ! "y4 ,ea* is adapt$ to supply :at ! o!r lacks4 ,! s*ool supplies oral in/ruction & public ex]cises 9 v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( le>n+2 b x has few or no books1 beyond ! class text-books :i* are us$ 9 ^! in/ructions4 ,! libr>y1 on ! o!r h&1 is a sil5t s*ool ( le>n+1 free to all1 & supply+ a wide range ( in=mation1 9 books adapt$ to e age4 ,x ?us supplem5ts1 & 9 proportion to ! ext5t & judici\s *oice ( its collections1 helps to complete t education1 :i* ! s*ool falls %ort (4 ,9 ?is view1 we see ! great importance ( mak+ sure t ! public libr>y has n only a full supply ( ! be/ books 9 e field1 avoid+ 7z previ\sly urg$7 ! bad or ! inf]ior ones1 b also t x has ! be/ juv5ile & elem5t>y lit]ature 9 ample supply4 ,?is subject ( read+ = ! "y has ( late ye>s come into unprec$5t$ prom95ce4 ,=m]ly1 & ev5 up to ! middle ( our c5tury1 v slight att5tion 0 paid to x1 ei!r by au?ors or read]s4 ,:ole g5]ations _h be5 br\ght up on ! ,new ,engl& ,prim]1 ) its grotesque wood-cuts1 & antique !ology 9 prose & v]se1 ) a few moral n>ratives 9 addition1 z solemn z a meet+-h\se1 l ! ,dairyman's ,daught]1 ! ,hi/ory ( ,s&=d & ,m]ton1 or ,! ,%eph]d ( ,salisbury ,pla94 ,v dre>y & melan*oly d su* books appe> to ! frequ5t]s ( our mod]n libr>ies1 fill$ z !y n[ are ) ?\s&s ( volumes ( lively & ent]ta9+ juv5ile books4 ,! transition f ! old to ! new 9 ?is class ( lit]ature 0 ?r\gh ! ,sunday-s*ool & religi\s tract society books1 pr(ess$ly adapt$ to ! "y4 ,:ile "s ( ^! _h en\gh ( int]e/ to be fairly readable1 if "o _h no o!r res\rce1 ! mass 7 irr$eemably /ale & poor4 ,! mawki%ness ( ! s5tim5t 0 only surpass$ by ! feebl5ess ( ! /yle4 ,at la/1 we>y ( ! goody-goody & artificial s*ool ( juv5ile books1 :i* _h be5 produc$ = g5]ations1 until a surfeit ( x l$ to some?+ l a nausea 9 ! public m9d1 !re came a new type ( writ]s = ! "y1 :o at lea/ began to speak ! language ( reason4 ,! dry bones took on "s semblance ( life & ( human nature1 & boys & girls 7 pa9t$ z real boys & g5u9e girls1 in/ead ( lifeless dolls & manik9s4 ,! re=mation w5t on1 until we n[ h a _w ( books = ! "y to *oose f1 v _m ( :i* are fre% & ent]ta9+4 ,b ! v weal? & r$undancy ( su* lit]ature is a new emb>rassm5t to ! libr>ian1 :o mu/ indisp5sably make a selection1 s9ce no libr>y c h or ought to h x all4 ,recurr+ to ! function ( ! public libr>y z ! coadjutor ( ! s*ool1 let u see :at classes ( books %\ld =m ess5tial p>ts ( its /ores4 #a4 ,z geography1 or an acc\nt ( ! e>? on :i* we live1 is a fundam5tal "p ( education1 ! libr>y %\ld possess a lib]al selection ( ! be/ books 9 t sci5ce4 ,! late/ g5]al gazette] ( ! _w1 ! be/ mod]n & a good anci5t atlas1 "o or m ( ! great g5]al collections ( voyages1 a set ( ,ba$ek]'s admirable & inexp5sive guide books1 & descriptive works or travels 9 ne>ly all c\ntries--^? 9 ,am]ica & ,europe pr$om9at+--%\ld be secur$4 ,! s*ol>s ( all grades w ?us be able to supplem5t _! /udies by ready ref]5ce1 & e "p ( ! globe w lie op5 be=e !m1 z x 71 by ! aid ( ! libr>y4 #b4 ,! be/ & late/ text-books 9 all ! sci5ces1 z geology1 *emi/ry1 natural hi/ory1 physics1 botany1 agriculture1 me*anic arts1 ma!matics1 m5tal & moral sci5ce1 ar*itecture1 f9e arts1 music1 sociology1 political sci5ce1 etc41 %\ld be accessible4 #c4 ,e important hi/ory1 ) all ! late/ manuals or elem5t>y books 9 g5]al & national hi/ory %\ld be f\nd4 #d4 ,! great collections ( biography1 ) sep>ate lives ( all not$ *>act]s1 %\ld be provid$4 #e4 ,diction>ies1 cyclopa$ias1 /ati/ical annuals1 & o!r books ( ref]5ce w be ne$$ 9 abundance4 #f4 ,a small b select numb] ( approv$ works 9 law1 m$ic9e1 & !ology %\ld be embrac$ 9 ! libr>y4 #g4 ,i ne$ n add t ! poets & noveli/s %\ld be well repres5t$1 z t goes )\t say+ 9 all popul> libr>ies4 ,& special att5tion %\ld be paid to build+ up a collection ( ! be/ books = juv5ile read]s1 su* z h pass$ ! ordeal ( good critical judgm5t among ! libr>ians1 z em95tly fit to be read4 ,!re are sev]al useful catalogues ( su* read+1 z3 ,c>ol9e ,m4 ,hew9s' ,books = ! ,"y1 ,g4 ,e4 ,h>dy's ,five ,hundr$ ,books = ! ,"y1 & ! admirable ,li/ ( ,books = ,girls & ,wom5 by ,augu/a ,h4 ,leypoldt & ,geo4 ,iles1 contribut$ to by _m exp]ts1 & copi\sly suppli$ ) notes describ+ ! scope & quality ( ! books4 ,! la/ two are publi%$ by ! ,libr>y ,bureau4 ,) ?is broad equipm5t ( ! be/ books 9 e field1 & vigilance 9 con/ant ex]cise to add fre% /ores f ! con/antly appe>+ & (t5 improv$ text-books 9 e sci5ce1 ! libr>y w be a treasury ( k bo? = tea*]s & pupils 9 ! s*ools4 ,& ! fact %\ld n be ov]look$1 t !re w be f\nd z mu* gr[? = tea*]s z = s*ol>s 9 su* a collection ( books4 ,v few tea*]s1 save ^? ( well-furni%$ m9ds & ( mu* c>eful read+1 are compet5t to guide _! s*ol>s into ! highways & byways ( k1 z ! libr>ian %\ld be able to d4 ,to e/abli% a relation ( confid5ce & aid ) tea*]s is ! prelim9>y /ep to be tak5 9 ord] to make ! libr>y at once practically useful to !m & to _! s*ol>s4 ,9 case !re are sev]al public s*ools 9 *>ge ( a g5]al sup]9t5d5t1 t (fic] %\ld be fir/ consult$1 & t5d]$ ! free aid ( ! libr>y & its libr>ian = himself & ! tea*]s4 ,9 "s public libr>ies1 ! s*ool sup]9t5d5t is made an ex (ficio memb] ( ! libr>y bo>d4 ,!n suitable regulations %\ld be mutually agre$ ^u1 fix+ ! numb] ( books to be drawn on acc\nt ( ! s*ools at any "o "t1 & ! p]iod ( return to ! libr>y4 ,x is mo/ usual to *>ge su* books on tea*]s' c>ds1 or acc\nt1 to fix responsibility1 al?\gh ! tea*]s loan !m to ! s*ol>s at _! option4 ,9 places :]e !re are no s*ool libr>ies prop]1 ! public libr>y w ne$ to provide a goodly numb] ( duplicates1 9 ord] to meet ! special s*ool dem&4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 w usually be ( l[-pric$ r ?an co/ly books1 z ! elem5t>y text-books d n draw heavily ^u libr>y funds4 ,a v attractive feature 9 provid+ books = ! "y is ! l>ge numb] ( illu/rat$ books n[ available to all libr>ies4 ,all ! k+doms ( nature are depict$ 9 ^! introductory manuals ( sci5ce1 r5d]+ its pursuit m int]e/+1 & cultivat+ ! habits ( obs]vation ( =m & ( proportion1 9 ! m9ds ( ! "y4 ,pupils :o h nev] accompli%$ any?+ 9 s*ool h be5 r\s$ by int]e/ 9 illu/rat$ natural hi/ories to take an eag] int]e/ 9 le>n+ all ab\t birds & animals4 ,?is always leads on & up to o!r /udy1 s9ce ! m9d t is once awak5$ to obs]vation & to ?\ght1 ne$s only a slight guidance to develop an unappeasable hung] = f9d+ out all ab\t ?+s4 ,! anci5t maxim t x is only ! fir/ /ep t co/s is especially true 9 ! great art ( education4 ,x matt]s little :at x is t fir/ awak5s ! intellect--! great fact is t x is awak5$1 & sleeps no m !nce=w>d4 ,a mottl$ bird's egg1 f\nd on ! way to s*ool1 excites ! little f9d] to asc]ta9 ! "n ( ! bird t laid x4 ,! s*ool or ! tea*] supplies no means ( f9d+ out1 b ! public libr>y has books ^u birds1 ) color$ plates ( _! eggs1 & an eag] se>* ensues1 until ! "y /ud5t is rew>d$ by f9d+ ! v bird1 ) its "n1 plumage1 habits1 size1 & season1 all describ$4 ,t *ild has tak5 an enorm\s /ep =w>d on ! road to k1 :i* w nev] be =gott54 ,in/ances might be multipli$ indef9itely ( su* valuable aids to rese>*1 af=d$ by libr>ies1 all along ! innum]able roads travell$ by /ud5ts ( e age 9 se>* ( in=mation4 ,"o ( ! mo/ pr(itable ( s*ool ex]cises is to take up successively ! great m5 & notable wom5 ( ! pa/1 &1 by ! effective & practical aid ( ! libr>ies1 to f9d out :at is be/ wor? kn[+ ab\t ,columbus1 ,frankl91 ,walt] ,scott1 ,irv+1 ,prescott1 ,bancr(t1 ,longfell[1 ,haw?orne1 ,:itti]1 ,em]son1 ,l[ell1 ,victor ,hugo1 or o!rs too num]\s to "n4 ,read+ ,longfell['s ,evangel9e w lead "o to se>* out ! hi/ory & geography ( ,acadia1 & s fix indelibly ! practical facts conc]n$1 z well z ! imag]y ( a f9e poem4 ,s 9 ! notable ev5ts ( hi/ory1 if a /udy is made ( ! ,engli% ,commonweal?1 or ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 or ! w> betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,engl& 9 #ahab-ae1 ! libr>y w supply ! /ud5t ) copi\s mat]ials = illu/ration4 ,n alone 9 ! fields ( sci5ce1 hi/ory1 & biography1 b 9 ! attractive fields ( lit]ature1 also1 c ! libr>ies aid & supplem5t ! tea*+s ( ! s*ool4 ,a f9e poem1 or a simple1 humor\s1 or pa!tic /ory1 told ) artless grace or notable lit]>y skill1 :5 read al\d by a tea*] 9 s*ool1 awak5s a desire 9 _m to h ! same book at home to read1 re-read1 & p]haps commit to memory ! f9] passages4 ,:at m inspir+ or pleas+ read+ ?an "s ( ,longfell['s poems1 or ! ,vic> ( ,wakefield1 or ,milton's ,l',allegro & ,il ,p5s]oso1 or ,sa9t9e's ,picciola1 or selections f ! poems ( ,holmes1 ,:itti]1 ,kipl+1 or ,l[ell8 ,= all ^! & simil> wants1 ! libr>y has an unfail+ supply4 ,z a practical illu/ration ( ! ext5sive1 use ( books by s*ools 9 "s advanc$ communities1 ,i may note t ,libr>ian ,gre51 ( ! ,worce/] 7,mass47 ,public ,libr>y1 said 9 #ahia t 8 av]age daily acc\nt ( ! books loan$ to s*ools 9 two busy w9t] mon?s %[$ ov] #a1fjj volumes ?us 9 daily use4 ,?is too1 0 9 addition to all t 7 drawn out by pupils on _! own indep5d5t c>ds z borr[]s4 ,su* a record speaks volumes4 ,9 ! same city1 :]e ! ,massa*usetts ,/ate ,normal ,s*ool is locat$1 sixty-f\r p] c5t4 ( ! s*ol>s visit$ ! libr>y to look up subjects connect$ ) _! /udies4 ,a =cible argum5t = libr>ians tak+ an int]e/ 9 read+ = s*ools is t bo? p>5ts & tea*]s (t5 neglect to see t ! "y get only prop] books to read4 ,! *ildr5 are !mselves q ignorant :at to *oose1 & if left to !mselves1 are likely to *oose unwisely1 & to read /ory pap]s or q unimprov+ books4 ,_! p>5ts1 busi$ z !y are1 commonly give no ?\ght to ! matt]1 & are q de/itute ( t k ( ! v>i\s classes ( books :i* x is ! prov9ce ( ! libr>ian to "k & to discrim9ate4 ,tea*]s !mselves d n possess ?is special k1 except 9 r>e in/ances1 & h to become f> m conv]sant ) libr>ies ?an is usual1 9 ord] to acquire x4 ,t ! v "y1 left to !mselves1 w *oose _m bad or wor?less books is %[n 9 ! acc\nt ( a pr9cipal ( a s*ool 9 ,san ,francisco1 :o f\nd t sixty p] c5t4 ( ! books drawn f ! public libr>y by pupils _h be5 dime novels1 or o!r wor?less lit]ature4 ,! wide preval5ce ( ! dime novel evil appe>$ 9 ! report ( ! read+ ( #a1jjj boys 9 a we/]n ,new ,york city4 ,out ( ?is numb]1 #dgb 7or ne>ly "o-half7 7 9 ! habit ( dev\r+ ?is p]nici\s tra%1 procur$ 9 mo/ cases by pur*ase at ! news /&s4 ,! matt] 0 tak5 up by tea*]s1 &1 by wise direction & by aid ( ! public libr>y1 ! read+ ( ^! y\?ful c&idates = citiz5%ip 0 l$ into m improv+ fields4 ,to lead a m9d 9 ! =mative /age f ! l[ to ! high1 f tales ( wild adv5ture to ! be/ /ories = ! "y1 is by no means difficult4 ,take a book t y "k is :olesome & ent]ta9+1 & x w be eag]ly read by almo/ e "o4 ,!re is an endless v>iety ( good books adapt$ to ! mo/ rudim5t>y capacity4 ,ev5 "y m9ds c become int]e/$ 9 ! works ( /&>d writ]s1 if ! prop] selection is made4 ,wond]ful is ! /imulus :i* ! read+ ( a purely writt51 fasc9at+ book gives to ! "y m9d4 ,x op5s ! way = m books & = inf9ite gr[?4 ,all t is ne$$ is to set ! y\? 9 ! "r direction1 & he w g =w>d ) rapid /rides ( 8 own accord4 ,?is tea*+ h[ to read is really ! mo/ pr(itable "p ( any education4 ,to recite endless lessons is n education3 & "o book eag]ly read ?r\gh1 has (t5 prov$ m valuable ?an all ! text-books t ev] 7 pr9t$4 ,,! ,,uses ,,( ,,! ,,libr>y ,,to ,,! ,,univ]sity4 ,closely alli$ to ! b5efits d]iv$ f ! libr>y by ! tea*]s & s*ol>s 9 public s*ools are its uses to all ^? engag$ 9 ! pursuit ( high] education4 ,= our colleges & univ]sities & _! rese>*es1 ! libr>y mu/ h all t we h sugge/$ z important = ! s*ools1 & a great deal m4 ,! t]m univ]sity implies an education z broad z ! :ole _w ( books c supply3 yet we mu/ "h meet ) limitations t are inevitable4 ,9 ?is c\ntry we h to regret ! application ( ! ^w univ]sity to in/itutions :]e ! tra9+ is only academical1 or at ! highe/1 collegiate4 ,! univ]sity1 prop]ly speak+1 is an in/itution = ! mo/ advanc$ s*ol>s or graduates ( our colleges4 ,j z ! college takes up & c>ries =w>d ! tra9+ ( ^? :o h be5 ?r\gh ! academy1 ! sem9>y1 or ! high s*ool1 s x is ! function ( ! univ]sity to c>ry =w>d 7we w n say complete7 ! education ( ! graduate ( ! college4 ,no education is ev] complet$3 ! doctor :o has receiv$ ! highe/ honors at ! univ]sity has only begun 8 education--= t is to g on ?r\gh life--& :o kn[s h[ f> beyond8 ,n[ ! aid :i* a well equipp$ libr>y c furni% to all ^! high] in/itutions ( le>n+1 ! academy1 ! sem9>y1 ! college1 & ! univ]sity1 is q incalculable4 ,_! /ud5ts are con/antly engag$ ^u !mes :i* n only dem& ! text-books !y /udy1 b collat]al illu/rations almo/ )\t numb]4 ,! pr(essors1 too1 :o imp>t in/ruction1 p]petually ne$ to be in/ruct$ !mselves1 ) full] k ^u ! !mes !y are daily call$ ^u to elucidate4 ,!re is no text-book t c tea* all1 or any:]e ne> all !re is ^u ! subject x pr(esses to cov]4 ,s ! libr>y1 :i* has _m books ^u t subject1 comes 9 to supply its defici5cies4 ,& ! libr>ian is useful to ! pr(essors & /ud5ts j 9 proportion z he kn[s1 n ! cont5ts1 b ! range ( books ^u ea* subject s\ght to be inve/igat$4 ,"h is :]e ! subject catalogue1 or ! diction>y catalogue1 comb9+ ! subjects & ! au?ors "u a s+le alphabet1 comes into play4 ,b1 z no catalogue ( subjects 0 ev] yet up to date 9 any consid]able libr>y1 ! libr>ian %\ld be able to supplem5t ! catalogue by 8 own k ( lat] works 9 any l9e ( inquiry4 ,! mo/ pr(itable /udies c>ri$ on 9 libr>ies are1 beyond all "q1 :at we may t]m topical rese>*es4 ,to pursue "o subject ?\gh _m au?orities is ! true way to arrive at compreh5sive k4 ,& 9 ?is k9d ( rese>*1 ! libr>ian ought to be bett] equipp$ ?an any :o frequ5t 8 libr>y4 ,:y8 ,simply because 8 bus9ess is bibliography2 :i* is n ! bus9ess ( le>n$ pr(essors1 or o!r s*ol>s :o visit ! libr>y4 ,! late ,libr>ian ,w9sor said t he consid]$ ! libr>ian's in/ruction f> m valuable ?an t ( ! speciali/4 ,& ?is may be ow+ l>gely to ! po9t ( view1 z well z to ! tra9+1 ( ea*4 ,! speciali/1 p]haps1 is an en?usia/ or a devotee to 8 sci5ce1 & s apt to give undue importance to ! details ( x1 or to magnify "s "o feature3 ! libr>ian1 on ! o!r h&1 :o is no?+ if n compreh5sive1 takes ! l>g] view ( ! wide field ( lit]ature on ea* subject1 & 8 sugge/ions conc]n+ s\rces ( in=mation are correspond+ly valuable4 ,9 ^? con/antly aris+ que/ions :i* =m ! subjects ( essays or discussions 9 all in/itutions ( le>n+1 ! well-furni%$ libr>y is an unfail+ res\rce4 ,! /ud5t :o f9ds 8 unaid$ m9d almo/ a blank ^u ! topic giv5 out = treatm5t1 resorts at once to ! public libr>y1 se>*es catalogues1 que/ions ! libr>ian1 & surr\nds himself ) books & p]iodicals :i* may ?r[ light ^u x4 ,he is soon ma/] ( facts & reason+s :i* enable him to />t ^u a tra9 ( ?\ght t be>s fruit 9 an essay or disc\rse4 ,9 fact1 x may be laid d[n z an axiom1 t ne>ly e new book t is writt5 is indebt$ to ! libr>y = mo/ ( its ideas1 its facts1 or its illu/rations1 s t libr>ies actually beget libr>ies4 ,"s ( ! endlessly div]sifi$ uses ( a well-equipp$ libr>y1 n only to s*ol>s b to ! g5]al public1 may "h be ref]r$ to4 ,among ! mo/ s\ght = s\rces ( in=mation1 ! p]iodical press1 bo? ( ! pa/ & ! curr5t "t1 holds a prom95t rank4 ,:5 x is consid]$ h[ f>-rea*+ are ! fields embrac$ 9 ! wide range ( ^! p]iodicals1 lit]>y1 religi\s1 sci5tific1 political1 te*nical1 philosophical1 social1 m$ical1 legal1 educational1 agricultural1 bibliographical1 comm]cial1 f9ancial1 hi/orical1 me*anical1 nautical1 milit>y1 arti/ic1 musical1 dramatic1 typographical1 sanit>y1 sport+1 economic1 & miscellane\s1 is x any wond] t speciali/s & writ]s = ! press seek & f9d ready aid !re9 = _! _m-sid$ labors8 ,to ! skeptical m9d1 accu/om$ to und]value :at does n happ5 to come )9 ! range ( 8 pet idols or pursuits1 ! obs]vation ( a s+le day's multifold rese>* 9 a great libr>y might be 9 ! nature ( a revelation4 ,hi!r flock ! ev]-pres5t se>*]s into family hi/ory1 lay+ "u contribution all ! g5ealogies & t[n & c\nty hi/ories :i* ! c\ntry has produc$4 ,"h "o f9ds an indu/ri\s compil] int5t ^u ! hi/ory ( ,am]ican duels1 = :i* ! _m files ( ,nor!rn & ,s\!rn newspap]s1 rea*+ back to ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 af=d copi\s mat]ial4 ,at ano!r table sits a deputation f a gov]nm5t dep>tm5t1 commission$ to make a record ( all notable /rikes & labor tr\bles = a s]ies ( ye>s1 to be glean$ f ! columns ( ! j\rnals ( lead+ cities4 ,an absorb$ read] ( ,fr5* romances sits side by side ) a cl]gyman p]us+ homilies1 or endeavor+ to elucidate1 ?r\gh a mass ( comm5tators1 a special text4 ,"h are to be f\nd ladies 9 pursuit ( co/umes ( e age2 arti/s turn+ ov] ! great folio gall]ies ( ,europe = models or sugge/ions2 lawy]s seek+ prec$5ts or lead+ cases2 j\rnali/s v]ify+ dates1 spee*es1 conv5tions1 or o!r =gott5 facts2 eng9e]s /udy+ ! lit]ature ( railways or ma*9]y2 actors or amateurs 9 se>* ( plays or works on ! dramatic art2 physicians look+ up biographies ( _! pr(ession or ! hi/ory ( epidemics2 /ud5ts ( h]aldry aft] coats ( arms2 inv5tors se>*+ ! specifications & draw+s ( pat5ts2 hi/orical /ud5ts pursu+ "s special field 9 ,am]ican or =eign annals2 sci5ti/s v]ify+ facts or citations by orig9al au?orities2 se>*]s trac+ p]sonal resid5ces or dea?s 9 old directories or newspap]s2 qu]i/s seek+ = ! words ( "s half-rememb]$ passage 9 poetry or prose1 or ! orig9al au?or ( "o ( ! myriad prov]bs :i* h no fa!r2 ar*itects or build]s ( h\ses comp>+ hundr$s ( designs & models2 tea*]s p]us+ works on education or comp>+ text-books new or old2 read]s absorb+ ! great poems ( ! _w2 writ]s 9 pursuit ( new or curi\s !mes among books ( antiquities or folk-lore2 /ud5ts ( all ! que/ions ( f9ance & economic sci5ce2 naturali/s seek+ to trace ?r\gh _m volumes descriptions ( species2 pursu]s ( milit>y or naval hi/ory or sci5ce2 en?usia/s v5tur+ into ! occult doma9s ( spiritualism or ?aumaturgy2 explor]s ( voyages & travels 9 e region ( ! globe2 fair read]s1 ) dreamy eyes1 dev\r+ ! la/ psy*ological novel2 devotees ( musical art p]us+ ! lives or ! scores ( great compos]s2 college & high-s*ool /ud5ts int5t ^u book+ up on !mes ( /udy or composition or debate2 & a ho/ ( o!r seek]s aft] sugge/ion or in=mation 9 a libr>y ( encyclop$ic range4 ,,*apt] #ae4 ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,libr>ies4 ,! ,libr>y1 f v e>ly times1 has enli/$ ! en?usiasm ( ! le>n$1 & ! encomiums ( ! wise4 ,! actual orig9 ( ! e>lie/ collection ( books 7or r ( manuscripts7 is lo/ 9 ! mi/s ( remote antiquity4 ,not)/&+ pr(ess$ descriptions ( sev]al libr>ies f\nd 9 ,aulus ,gellius1 ,a!naeus1 & o!rs1 :o wrote c5turies aft] ! alleg$ collections 7 made1 we lack ! conv9c+ evid5ce ( eye-witnesses & contempor>ies4 ,b s f> z critical rese>* has run1 ! e>lie/ monum5ts ( man :i* approa*$ collections ( writt5 records are f\nd n 9 ,europe1 b 9 ,africa & ,asia4 ,t l& ( wond]s1 ,egypt1 ab\nds 9 hi]oglyphic inscriptions1 go+ back1 z is agre$ by mod]n s*ol>s1 to ! ye> #bjjj be=e ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,a ,papyrus manuscript1 too1 exi/s1 :i* is assign$ to ab\t #afjj ,b4 ,c4 ,& ! e>lie/ record$ collection ( books 9 ! _w1 ?\gh p]haps n ! fir/ t exi/$1 0 t ( ! ,egyptian k+ ,ramses ,i4--,b4 ,c4 #adjj1 ne> ,!bes1 :i* ,diodorus ,siculus says bore ! inscription ,disp5s>y ( ! s\l4 ,?us e>ly 7 books reg>d$ z rem$ial ag5ts ( great =ce & virtue4 ,b be=e ! libr>y ( ,ramses ! ,egyptian k+1 !re exi/$ 9 ,babylonia collections ( books1 writt5 n on p>*m5t1 nor on ! m p]i%able papyrus1 b on clay4 ,:ole poems1 fables1 laws1 & hymns ( ! gods h be5 f\nd1 /amp$ 9 small *>act]s ^u bak$ bricks4 ,^! clay tablets or books 7 arrang$ 9 num]ical ord]1 & ! libr>y at ,agane1 :i* exi/$ ab\t #bjjj ,b4 ,c4 ev5 _h a catalogue1 9 :i* ea* piece ( lit]ature 0 numb]$1 s t read]s _h only to write d[n ! numb] ( ! tablet want$1 & ! libr>ian w\ld h& x ov]4 ,two ( ^! curi\s poems 9 clay h be5 f\nd intact1 "o on ! deluge1 ! o!r on ! desc5t ( ,i/> into ,hades4 ,! next anci5t libr>y 9 po9t ( "t yet kn[n to u 0 ga!r$ 9 ,asia by an ,assyrian ,k+1 & ?is collection has actually come d[n to u1 9 propria p]sona4 ,buri$ b5ea? ! e>? = c5turies1 ! ar*aeologi/ ,lay>d discov]$ 9 #ahej at ,n9eveh1 an ext5sive collection ( tablets or tiles ( clay1 cov]$ ) cunei=m *>act]s1 & repres5t+ "s t5 ?\s& di/9ct works or docum5ts4 ,! ,assyrian mon>* ,s>danapalus1 a great patron ( lett]s1 0 ! collector ( ?is primitive & curi\s libr>y ( clay4 ,he fl\ri%$ ab\t #afej ,b4 ,c4 ,9 ,greece1 :]e a copi\s & magnific5t lit]ature _h gr[n up c5turies be=e ,*ri/1 ,pisi/ratus collect$ a libr>y at ,a!ns1 & di$ ,b4 ,c4 #ebg4 ,:5 ,x]xes captur$ ,a!ns1 ?is collection1 :i* repres5ts ! e>lie/ record ( a libr>y d$icat$ to ! public1 0 c>ri$ (f to ,p]sia1 b re/or$ two c5turies lat]4 ,! r5[n$ philosoph] ,ari/otle ga!r$ "o ( ! l>ge/ ,greek libr>ies1 ab\t #cej ,b4 ,c4 said to h embrac$ ab\t #adjj volumes1 or r1 rolls4 ,plato call$ ,ari/otle's resid5ce ! h\se ( ! read]4 ,?is libr>y1 also1 0 c>ri$ (f to ,scepsis1 & lat] by ! victori\s ,sulla to ,rome4 ,hi/ory %[s t ! ,greek collections 7 ! e>lie/ travell+ libr>ies on record1 ?\gh !y w5t z ! spoils ( w>1 & n to spread abroad le>n+ by ! arts ( peace4 ,rome hav+ conqu]$ ,a!ns1 we he> no m ( ! ,a!nian libr>ies1 b ! seat ( anci5t le>n+ 0 transf]r$ to ,alex&ria1 :]e 7 ga!r$ "u ! lib]al sway ( ! ,ptolemies1 m books ?an _h ev] be5 assembl$ toge!r 9 any "p ( ! _w4 ,m>c ,antony pres5t$ to ,cleopatra ! libr>y ( ! ,k+s ( ,p]gamus1 said to h conta9$ #bjj1jjj rolls4 ,!re is no space to sket* ! anci5t libr>ies1 s scantily commemorat$1 ( ,greece4 ,?r\gh ,ari/otle's en?usiasm = le>n+1 z x is believ$1 ! ,ptolemies 7 fir$ ) ! zeal ( book-collect+1 & _! capital ( ,alex&ria became ! seat ( ext5sive libr>ies1 /or$ 9 ! ,bru*eion & ! ,s]apeum4 ,"h1 accord+ to g5]al belief1 occurr$ ! burn+ ( ! fam\s ,alex&rian libr>y ( #gjj1jjj volumes1 by ! ,s>ac5s "u ,om>1 ,a4 ,d4 #fdj4 ,if any "o w\ld h an object lesson 9 ! unc]ta9ties ( hi/ory & ( human te/imony1 let him read ! v>i\s conflict+ acc\nts ( ! writ]s :o h treat$ ^u ?is subject4 ,! numb] ( volumes v>ies f #gjj1jjj1 z /at$ by ,aulus ,gellius1 to #ajj1jjj by ,eusebius4 ,! fact t 9 anci5t times ea* book or division ( an au?or's "w writt5 on a roll ( papyrus 0 reckon$ z a volume1 may acc\nt = ! exagg]ation1 s9ce ! n9e books ( ,h]odotus w\ld ?us make n9e volumes1 & ! tw5ty-f\r ( ,hom]'s ,iliad1 tw5ty-f\r volumes1 in/ead ( "o4 ,s1 by an arbitr>y application ( av]ages1 ! size ( ! ,alex&rian ,libr>y might be br\ght )9 reasonable dim5sions1 ?\gh !re is no?+ m mislead+ ?an ! doctr9e ( av]ages1 unless inde$ x be a false analogy4 ,b t any libr>y eight hundr$ ye>s be=e ! inv5tion ( pr9t+ conta9$ #gjj1jjj volumes 9 ! mod]n s5se ( ! ^w1 :5 ! l>ge/ collection 9 ! _w1 ?ree c5turies aft] books began to be multipli$ by types1 held less ?an #ajj1jjj volumes1 is "o ( ! wilde/ fictions :i* writ]s h impos$ ^u ! cr$ulity ( ages4 ,i _c ev5 t\* ^u ! libr>ies ( ! ,romans1 ?\gh we h v attractive acc\nts1 among o!rs1 ( ! lit]>y ri*es ( ,lucullus1 ( ,atticus1 & ( ,cic]o4 ,! fir/ libr>y 9 ,rome 0 f\nd$ #afg ,b4 ,c4 & 9 ! ,augu/an age !y multipli$1 until !re 7 tw5ty-n9e public libr>ies 9 ,hadrian's "t1 #abj ,a4 ,d4 ,! emp]or ,julian1 9 ! f\r? c5tury1 0 a f\nd] ( libr>ies1 & is said to h plac$ ov] ! doors ?is inscription3 ,alii quidem equos amant1 alii oves1 alii f]os2 mihi v]o a pu]ulo mir&um acquir5di et possid5di libros ins$it desid]ium4 ,! libr>ies ( ! middle ages 7 nei!r l>ge nor num]\s4 ,! neglect ( le>n+ & ( lit]ature 0 wide-spread2 only 9 ! mona/]ies ( ,europe 7 to be f\nd s*ol>s :o kept alive ! sacr$ flame4 ,9 ^! 7 r5ew$ ^? fruitful labors ( ! scriptorium :i* _h pres]v$ & multipli$ s _m preci\s books 9 classic times among ! ,romans4 ,! monks1 inde$1 7 n seldom creators z well z copyi/s1 ?\gh ! works :i* !y compos$ 7 ma9ly !ological 7z became _! sacr$ pr(ession & ascetic life74 ,! ,lat91 h[ev]1 be+ ! almo/ univ]sal language = s _m c5turies1 ! love ( le>n+ conspir$ to wid5 ! field ( mona/ic /udy4 ,_m zeal\s ecclesia/ics 7 f\nd :o reviv$ ! classic au?ors1 & copies ( ! works ( poets1 hi/orians1 philosoph]s & rhetoricians 7 multipli$4 ,!n 7 gradually =m$ ^? mona/ic libr>ies to :i* s _m ?\s&s ( m$iaeval s*ol>s ow$ a debt ( gratitude4 ,! ord] ( ,b5$ict9es took a lead+ & effective "p 9 ?is revival ( le>n+4 ,taxes 7 levi$ on ! inmates ( mona/]ies expressly = furni%+ ! libr>y ) books1 & ! novices 9 _m h\ses mu/ contribute writ+ mat]ials ^u ent]+1 & books at ! close ( _! novitiate1 = ! enri*m5t ( ! libr>y4 ,among notably valuable libr>ies1 sev]al ( :i* /ill survive1 7 ^? ( ,monte ,cass9o 9 ,italy1 ! ,abbey ( ,fleury 9 ,france1 ,/4 ,gall 9 ,switz]l&1 & t ( ! illu/ri\s congregation ( ,/4 ,maur 9 ,france4 ,! latt] _h at "o "t no less ?an "o hundr$ & sev5 writ]s engag$ 9 multiply+ books4 ,! fir/ libr>y 9 ,engl& is record$ 79 ! ,cant]bury ,*>tul>y7 to h be5 giv5 by ,pope ,gregory ! ,great1 & br\ght by ,/4 ,augu/9e1 fir/ ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury1 on 8 mission to ,engl& ab\t ,a4 ,d4 #fjj4 ,x consi/$ ( n9e preci\s volumes on vellum1 be+ copies ( p>ts ( ! ,scriptures1 ) comm5t>ies1 & a volume ( ,lives ( ! ,m>tyrs4 ,! libr>y ( ! ,b5$ict9e ,mona/]y at ,cant]bury _h gr[n 9 ! #ac? c5tury to #cjjj titles1 be+ v ri* 9 !ology1 b ) _m books also 9 hi/ory1 poetry & sci5ce4 ,at ,york _h be5 f\nd$1 9 ! #h? c5tury1 a noble libr>y by ,ar*bi%op ,egb]t1 & ! great s*ol> ,alcu9 "h acquir$1 amid/ t inf9ite numb] ( excell5t books1 8 life-long devotion to lit]ature4 ,:5 he remov$ to ,t\rs1 9 ,france1 he lam5t$ ! loss ( ! lit]>y treasures ( ,york1 9 a poem compos$ ( excell5t hexamet]s4 ,he begg$ ( ,*>lemagne to s5d into ,brita9 to procure books1 t ! g>d5 ( p>adise may n be conf9$ to ,york4 ,f9e libr>ies 7 also ga!r$ at ! mona/]ies ( ,durham1 ( ,gla/onbury1 & ( ,croyl&1 & at ! ,abbeys ( ,:itby & ,pet]bor\gh4 ,nor 7 ! ord]s ( ,franciscans & ,dom9icans f> beh9d z book-collectors1 ?\gh !y commonly pref]r$ to buy r ?an to transcribe manuscripts1 l ! ,b5$ict9es4 ,9 e conv5t ( fri>s1 wrote ,fitzralph to ! ,pope1 9 #acej1 !re is a l>ge & noble libr>y4 ,& ,ri*>d de ,bury1 ,bi%op ( ,durham1 & ,*ancellor ( ,engl& 9 #accd1 ^: ,philobiblon is ! mo/ eloqu5t treatise 9 praise ( books ev] writt51 said1 :5 visit+ places :]e ! m5dicants _h conv5ts2 !re amid ! deepe/ pov]ty1 we f\nd ! mo/ preci\s ri*es /or$ up4 ,! ,pope1 x appe>s1 relax$ = ^! ord]s ! rigor ( _! v[s ( pov]ty1 9 favor ( amass+ books--m9dful1 d\btless1 ( t say+ ( ,solomon ! wise--,!re=e get wisdom1 because x is bett] ?an gold4 ,ri*>d de ,bury1 ! en?usia/ ( le>n+1 wrote ?us3 ,! libr>y1 !re=e1 ( wisdom is m preci\s ?an all ri*es1 & no?+ t c be wi%$ = is wor?y to be comp>$ ) x4 ,:osoev]1 !re=e1 ackn[l$ges himself to be a zeal\s foll[] ( ! tru?1 ( happ9ess1 ( wisdom1 ( sci5ce1 or ev5 ( ! fai?1 mu/ ( necessity make himself a lov] ( books4 ,& said ,joseph ,hall1 ,bi%op ( ,norwi*--,i c wond] at no?+ m ?an h[ a man c be idle--b ( all o!rs a s*ol>2 9 s _m improvem5ts ( reason1 9 su* sweetness ( k1 9 su* v>iety ( /udies1 9 su* importunity ( ?\ghts4 ,to f9d wit 9 poetry2 9 philosophy pr(\ndness2 9 hi/ory wond] ( ev5ts2 9 oratory1 sweet eloqu5ce2 9 div9ity1 sup]natural light & holy devotion--:om w\ld x n ravi% ) delight8 ,*>les ! ,fif? ( ,france amass$ a f9e libr>y1 aft]w>ds sold to an ,engli% nobleman4 ,lor5zo de ,m$ici1 ( ,hung>y1 & ,fr$]ic ,duke ( ,urb9o1 ea* ga!r$ 9 ! #ae? c5tury a magnific5t collection ( books4 ,all ( ^! became widely disp]s$ 9 lat] ye>s1 ?\gh ! manuscripts ( ! ,duke ( ,urb9o's collection are pres]v$ 9 ! libr>y ( ! ,vatican4 ,i may "h note a v few ( ! mo/ ext5sive libr>y collections n[ exi/+ 9 ,europe & ,am]ica4 #a4 ,( ! great public libr>ies ( ,europe1 :i* owe mu* ( _! ri*es to ! gov]nm5t privilege ( ! copy-tax1 ! national libr>y ( ,france is ! olde/ & ! l>ge/1 n[ numb]+ two million six hundr$ ?\s& volumes4 ,f\nd$ 9 ! #ae? c5tury1 x has _h f\r hundr$ ye>s ( opportunity = /eady & l>ge increase4 ,p>is ab\nds 9 o!r public libr>ies also1 9 :i* respect x is f> sup]ior to ,london4 #b4 ,next to ! ,biblio?que nationale ( ,france1 comes ! ,libr>y ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 ) #b1jjj1jjj volumes1 v ri* bo? 9 manuscripts & 9 pr9t$ books 9 all languages4 ,a lib]al ,p>liam5t>y grant ( #fj1jjj a ye> = pur*ase ( books & manuscripts keeps ?is great collection well up to date z to all important new works1 besides enabl+ x con/antly to fill up defici5cies 9 ! lit]ature ( ! pa/4 ,foll[+ ?is1 among ! great libr>ies hav+ ov] half a million books1 come 9 num]ical ord] ,volumes4 #c4 ,russian ,imp]ial ,libr>y1 ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 #a1bjj1jjj #d4 ,royal ,libr>y ( ,prussia1 ,b]l91 #a1jjj1jjj #e4 ,royal ,libr>y ( ,bav>ia1 ,muni*1 #ihj1jjj #f4 ,libr>y ( ,congress1 ,wa%+ton ,city1 #hdj1jjj #g4 ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y1 #gcd1jjj #h4 ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 ,/rasburg1 ,g]many1 #gjj1jjj #i4 ,imp]ial ,public ,libr>y1 ,vi5na1 #ege1jjj #aj4 ,bodleian ,libr>y1 ,ox=d #ecj1jjj ,x is a notable fact t among ! ri*e/ monum5ts ( le>n+ t h be5 ga!r$ by mank9d1 ! ,univ]sity libr>ies hold a v high rank4 ,reckon$ 9 numb] ( volumes1 !re are _m ( !m :i* f> outrank ! gov]nm5t libr>ies1 except 9 six in/ances4 ,out ( #agd libr>ies1 all exce$+ #ajj1jjj volumes1 z report$ 9 ! annual ,m9]va1 9 ,octob]1 #ahih1 no less ?an #gb are ! libr>ies ( univ]sities4 ,/rasburg heads ! li/1 ) a noble collection ( #gjj1jjj volumes2 !n ,ox=d univ]sity1 ^: ,bodleian libr>y numb]s #ecj1jjj2 ,leipzig univ]sity1 #ejd1jjj2 ,cambridge univ]sity1 ,engl&1 ,gtt+5 univ]sity1 & ,h>v>d univ]sity1 #ejj1jjj ea*2 ! univ]sity ( ,vi5na1 #dge1jjj2 ! univ]sities ( ,heidelb]g & ( ,muni*1 #djj1jjj ea*2 ,gh5t & ,wrzburg univ]sities1 #cej1jjj ea*2 ,*ri/iania1 ,norway1 univ]sity1 & ,tb+51 ea* #cdj1jjj2 ,univ]sity ( ,*icago1 #ccj1jjj2 ,cop5hag5 univ]sity1 #cje1jjj2 ,breslau1 ,crac[1 ,ro/ock & ,upsala1 #cjj1jjj ea*2 ,yale univ]sity1 ,new ,hav51 #bhj1jjj2 ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 #beg1jjj2 ,bologna1 #bee1jjj2 ,freiburg & ,bonn univ]sities1 #bej1jjj ea*2 ,prague1 #bde1jjj2 ,tr9ity1 ,dubl91 #bcb1jjj2 ,knigsb]g1 #bca1jjj2 ,kiel1 #bbi1jjj2 ,naples1 #bbd1jjj2 & ,buda-,pe/1 #baj1jjj4 ,i ne$ n deta9 y by enum]at+ ^? t fall bel[ #bjj1jjj volumes1 b w say t ! :ole numb] ( volumes 9 ! #gb univ]sity libr>ies embrac$ 9 my table is m ?an fifte5 millions1 :i* w\ld be mu* enl>g$ if small] libr>ies 7 includ$4 ,a noble exhibit is ?is1 :i* ! in/itutions ( ! highe/ education hold up be=e u4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we may n[ consid]1 some:at m 9 detail z to p>ticul>s1 ! orig9 & gr[? ( ! libr>ies ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! record w %[ an amaz+ly rapid developm5t1 *iefly accompli%$ dur+ ! la/ qu>t] ( a c5tury1 contra/$ ) ! lam5tably sl[ gr[? ( e>li] ye>s4 ,?irty ye>s ago ! pres5t ye>1 ,i 0 invit$ to give to ! ,am]ican ,social ,sci5ce ,association1 !n meet+ at ,new ,york1 a disc\rse ^u ,public ,libr>ies 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,on recurr+ to ?is address1 ,i h be5 agreeably surpris$ to f9d h[ completely its facts & figures belong to ! doma9 ( anci5t hi/ory4 ,=1 :ile x may excite a smile to allude to any?+ belong+ to a p]iod only ?irty ye>s back z anci5t hi/ory1 yet1 s rapid has be5 ! accumulation1 n only ( books1 b ( libr>ies !mselves 9 t brief p]iod ( ?ree decades1 z almo/ to ju/ify ! t]m employ$4 ,antiqu>ians mu/ ev] reg>d ) int]e/ ! fir/ ef=ts = ! e/abli%m5t ( public libr>ies 9 ! ,new ,_w4 ,! fir/ record ( books d$icat$ to a public purpose 9 t "p ( ?is c\ntry n[ occupi$ by ! ,engli%-speak+ race is1 ,i believe1 to be f\nd 9 ! foll[+ entry 9 ! ,records ( ! ,virg9ia ,company ( ,london3 ,novemb] #ae1 #afbj4--;,aft] ! ,acts ( ! =m] ,c\rte 7 read1 a /raung] /ept 9 pres5t+e a ,mapp ( ,sr ,walt] ,rawlighes contay+e a ,descripcon ( ,guiana1 & ) ! same f[] great books z ! ,guifte ( "o unto ! ,company t desyr$ 8 "n might n be made kn[ne1 :]e( "o booke 0 a treatise ( ,/4 ,augu/9e ( ! ,citty ( ,god translat$ into ,engli%1 ! o!r ?ree greate ,volumes w] ! works ( ,mr4 ,p]k9s' newlie correct$ & am5d$1 w* books ! ,donor desyr$ !y might be s5t to ! ,coll$ge 9 ,virg9ia !re to remayne 9 saftie to ! use ( ! collegiates !reaft]1 & n suff]$ at any "t to be s5t abroade or us$ 9 ! meane :ile4 ,= w* s wor?y a guifte my ,"l ( ,s\?ampton desyr$ ! p'tie t pres5t$ !m to returne des]u$ ?anks f himselfe & ! re/ ( ! ,company to him t _h s k9dly be/[$ !m4#a ,! college "h ref]r$ to 0 ! fir/ ev] f\nd$ 9 ,am]ica1 & 0 seat$ at ,h5rico1 at ! conflu5ce ( ! ,james ,riv] ) ! ,*ickahom9y4 ,x 0 design$ n only = ! education ( ! ,virg9ia settl]s1 b to tea* sci5ce & ,*ri/ianity to ! ,indians4 ,l>ge contributions 7 rais$ 9 ,engl& by ,sir ,edw9 ,s&ys1 & o!rs ( ! ,virg9ia ,company1 = its support4 ,b ?is ,virg9ia college & its incipi5t libr>y 7 doom$ to a spe$y ext9ction4 ,l s _m o!r brilliant prospects = plant+ arts & le>n+ 9 ,am]ica1 x did n survive ! p]ils ( ! colonial epo*4 ,x 0 br\ght to a p]iod by ! bloody ,indian massacre ( ,m>* #bb1 #afbb1 :5 ?ree hundr$ & =ty-sev5 ( ! ,virg9ia settl]s 7 slaught]$ 9 a day1 ! new settlem5t brok5 up1 & ! exp&+ l9es ( civilization contract$ to ! neighborhood ( ,jame/[n4 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity ,libr>y 0 f\nd$ 9 #afch by ! end[m5t ( ,john ,h>v>d1 :o bequea!d to ! new college 8 libr>y & half ( 8 e/ate4 ,soon aft]w>ds enri*$ by ! zeal\s contributions ( ,engli% ,puritans & philosoph]s1 ( ,b]keley1 & ,baxt]1 & ,lightfoot1 & ,sir ,k5elm ,digby1 ! fir/ univ]sity libr>y 9 ,am]ica1 aft] a c5tury & a qu>t] ( usefulness1 0 totally de/roy$ ) ! college edifice 9 ! ye> #agfd by fire4 ,:5 we contemplate ! ravages ( ?is elem5t1 :i* has consum$ s _m noble libr>ies1 de/roy+ n only pr9t$ books ( priceless value1 b (t5 preci\s manuscripts :i* are unique & irreplaceable1 a lively s5se ( regret comes ov] u t ^! creations ( ! intellect1 :i* %\ld be imp]i%able1 are ev5 yet at ! m]cy ( an accid5t 9 all ! libr>ies ( ! _w save a v few4 ,! de/ruction ( books 9 private h&s is natural & inevitable en\gh1 & goes on cont9ually4 ,:ole editions ( books1 n[ s\ght ) avidity z ! r>e/ volumes kn[n to lit]ature1 h be5 gradually de/roy$ 9 innum]able fires1 worn out 9 ! h&s ( read]s1 us$ = wa/e pap] by groc]s & petty tradesm51 swall[$ up 9 ! sack ( t[ns1 or consum$ by dampness1 m\ld1 or1 9 r>e in/ances1 by ! remorseless too? ( "t4 ,yet !re h always exi/$ public libr>ies en\gh1 _h !y be5 fire-pro(1 to h pres]v$ _m copies ( e book bequea!d to ! _w1 bo? be=e ! inv5tion ( pr9t+ & s9ce4 ,b1 :5 y\r insurance (fice is bankrupt1 :at becomes ( ! insur$8 ,:5 ne>ly all our public libr>ies are s con/ruct$ z to become an easy prey to ! flames1 ! loss ( s _m books :i* h completely p]i%$ f ! e>? ceases to be wond]ful4 ,! gr[? ( ,h>v>d ,univ]sity libr>y1 f its second f\ndation a c5tury ago1 has be5 /eady1 ?\gh at no "t rapid4 ,select & valuable 9 its pr9cipal cont5ts1 x has receiv$ num]\s b5efactions f ! fri5ds ( le>n+1 & promises to become ! be/1 z x already is mu* ! l>ge/1 among ! univ]sity libr>ies ( ! c\ntry4 ,its pres5t /r5g? is ab\t #ejj1jjj volumes4 ,! ye> #agjj witness$ ! bir? ( ! fir/ ,new ,york libr>y op5 to public use4 ,! ,rev4 ,john ,%>p1 !n *apla9 ( ,8 ,maje/y's =ces 9 t city 7x 0 9 ! days ( good ,k+ ,william ( ,orange71 bequea!d 8 private collection ( books to f\nd a public libr>y 9 ,new ,york4 ,! libr>y ?us organiz$ 0 plac$ 9 *>ge ( ! corporation ( ! city1 b ! fir/ city libr>y ( ,new ,york langui%$ ) little or no increase until #aged1 :5 a society ( g5tlem5 und]took to f\nd a public libr>y by subscription1 & succe$$ s well t ! city au?orities turn$ ov] to !m :at rema9$ ( ! ,public ,city ,libr>y4 ,?is 0 ! beg9n+ ( ! ,new ,york ,society ,libr>y1 "o ( ! l>ge/ ( ! propriet>y libr>ies ( ! c\ntry4 ,x 0 !n1 & = a long "t aft]w>ds1 commonly kn[n z ,! ,city ,libr>y4 ,! ,cont95tal ,congress pr(it$ by its /ores1 !re be+ no o!r libr>y op5 to _! use2 & ! ,fir/ ,congress "u ! ,con/itution1 :i* met 9 ,new ,york 9 #aghi1 receiv$ ! free use ( ! books x conta9$4 ,! libr>y is conduct$ on ! %>e sy/em1 ! paym5t ( tw5ty-five doll>s1 & an annual assessm5t ( six doll>s1 giv+ any "o ! privilege ( memb]%ip4 ,x n[ conta9s ab\t #ajj1jjj volumes4 ,! same ye>1 #agjj1 9 :i* ! ,new ,york ,libr>y 0 f\nd$1 t5 ,connecticut m9i/]s met toge!r at ,lyme1 ea* br++ a numb] ( books1 & say+1 ,i give ^! books = ! f\nd+ ( a college 9 ?is colony4 ,su* 0 ! f\ndation ( ,yale ,univ]sity1 an in/itution t has done ine/imable s]vice to ! cause ( lett]s1 hav+ be5 fruitful ( writ]s ( books1 z well z ( liv+ contributions to ! ranks ( e le>n$ pr(ession4 ,?irty ye>s lat]1 we f9d ! good ,bi%op ,b]keley paus+ f ! l(ty speculations :i* absorb$ him1 to s5d ov] to ,yale ,college :at 0 call$ ! f9e/ collection ( books t ev] came toge!r at "o "t into ,am]ica4 ,= a c5tury & a half ! gr[? ( ?is libr>y 0 v sl[1 ! college be+ oppress$ ) pov]ty4 ,9 #ahfi1 ! numb] ( volumes _h ris5 only to #ej1jjj1 b x is *e]+ to relate t ! la/ ?irty ye>s h witness$ a gr[? s rapid t 9 #ahii ,yale ,univ]sity ,libr>y _h #bhe1jjj volumes4 ,! f\r? consid]able libr>y f\nd$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 due 9 a l>ge degree to ! indu/ry & zeal = k ( ! illu/r\s ,frankl94 ,z unque/ionably ! fir/ e/abli%$ propriet>y libr>y 9 ,am]ica1 ! ,libr>y ,company ( ,philadelphia m]its especial notice4 ,let u rev]5tly take a leaf out ( ! autobiography ( ! pr9t]-/atesman ( ,p5nsylvania3 ,& n[ ,i set on foot my fir/ project ( a public nature1 t = a subscription libr>y4 ,i drew up ! proposals1 got !m put into =m by our great scriv5]1 ,brockd51 & by ! help ( my fri5ds 9 ! ,junto ! ,junto 0 a club = mutual improvem5t1 f\nd$ by ,frankl9 procur$ fifty subscrib]s at =ty %ill+s ea* to beg9 )1 & t5 %ill+s a ye> = fifty ye>s1 ! t]m our company 0 to cont9ue4 ,we aft]w>ds obta9$ a *>t]1 ! company be+ increas$ to "o hundr$2 ?is 0 ! "m ( all ! ,nor? ,am]ican subscription libr>ies n[ s num]\s4 ,x is become a great ?+ itself1 & cont9ually increas+4 ,^! libr>ies h improv$ ! g5]al conv]sation ( ! ,am]icans1 made ! common tradesm5 & f>m]s z intellig5t z mo/ g5tlem5 f o!r c\ntries1 & p]haps h contribut$ 9 "s degree to ! /& s g5]ally made ?r\gh\t ! colonies 9 def5ce ( _! privileges4 ,:5 ?is ,philadelphia ,libr>y 0 f\nd$1 9 #agca1 n a s+le city or t[n 9 ,engl& possess$ a subscription libr>y4 ,ev5 ! libr>y ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 s9ce become ! greate/ collection ( books 9 ! _w1 save "o1 0 n op5$ until #agei1 m ?an a qu>t] ( a c5tury aft]w>ds4 ,al?\gh n design$ z a public libr>y ( circulation1 save to its own subscrib]s1 ! ,philadelphia ,libr>y has be5 kept free to all = ref]5ce & consultation4 ,! record ( ! gradual increase ( ! fir/ ,philadelphia ,libr>y f its fir/ few hundr$ volumes1 :5 ,frankl9 0 b tw5ty-five ye>s ( age1 to its pres5t rank z ! l>ge/ propriet>y libr>y 9 ,am]ica1 ) #aie1jjj volumes ( books1 is highly int]e/+4 ,its hi/ory1 9 fact1 is to a l>ge ext5t ! hi/ory ( intellectual culture 9 ,philadelphia1 :i* rema9$1 until ! second decade 9 ! pres5t c5tury1 ! =emo/ city ( ! ,union 9 population1 &1 f #agia to #ahjj1 ! seat ( gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! ,philadelphia ,libr>y ,company1 9 #aggd1 vot$ t ! g5tlem5 :o 7 to meet 9 ,congress 9 t city %\ld be furni%$ ) su* books z !y might h occasion =2 & ! same privilege 0 ex]cis$ on ! return ( ! ,gov]nm5t to t city1 9 #agia1 & until ! removal ( ,congress to ,wa%+ton 9 #ahjj4 ,dur+ ! n9e mon?s' occupation ( ,philadelphia by ! ,briti% army1 x is refre%+ to read t ! conqu]ors lift$ no spe> aga9/ ! ,muses' b[]1 b t ! (fic]s1 )\t exception1 left deposits1 & paid hire = ! books borr[$ by !m4 ,! collection1 9 respect ( e>ly pr9t$ books1 is "o ( ! l>ge/ & mo/ valuable 9 ,am]ica1 embrac+ "s books & files ( newspap]s :i* are to be f\nd 9 no o!r public libr>y4 ,! selection ( new books has be5 kept unusually free f ! masses ( novels & o!r ephem]al publications :i* ov]load mo/ ( our popul> libr>ies1 & ! collection1 al?\gh limit$ 9 ext5t 9 e field1 & purposely leav+ special topics1 su* z ! m$ical & natural sci5ces1 to ! sci5tific libr>ies :i* ab\nd 9 ,philadelphia1 af=ds to ! man ( lett]s a good work+ libr>y4 ,! %>es 9 ! libr>y co/ =ty doll>s1 ) an annual assessm5t ( f\r doll>s to ea* /ockhold]4 ,9 #ahfi1 ! great beque/ ( ,doctor ,james ,ru% to ! ,philadelphia ,libr>y ( 8 :ole prop]ty1 valu$ at ov] #a1jjj1jjj1 0 accept$ by its /ockhold]s1 by ! b>e majority ( five votes 9 a poll ( ov] five hundr$4 ,?is lack ( h>mony is attributable to ! fact t ! beque/1 s g5]\s 9 itself1 0 hamp]$ by ! donor ) num]\s conditions1 deem$ by _m fri5ds ( ! libr>y to be highly on]\s & vexati\s4 ,n ! lea/ among ^! 0 ! foll[+1 :i* is cit$ f ! w itself3 ,let ! libr>y n keep cu%ion$ seats = "t-wa/+ & l\ng+ read]s1 nor places = e-day novels1 m9d-ta9t+ reviews1 controv]sial politics1 scribbl+s ( poetry & prose1 biographies ( unkn[n names1 nor = ^? tea*]s ( disjo9t$ ?9k+1 ! daily newspap]s4 ,"h is "o m melan*oly in/ance ( a broad & lib]al beque/ n>r[ly be/[$4 ,! _s :i* animat$ ! respectable te/ator 9 attempt+ to exclude ! l>g] "p ( mod]n lit]ature f ! libr>y :i* 8 money 0 to b5efit may h be5 unexceptionable en\gh4 ,d\btless !re are evils connect$ ) a public supply ( frivol\s & trifl+ lit]ature2 & p]haps our p]iodicals may be ju/ly *>geable ) devot+ an undue proportion ( _! columns to topics ( m]ely ephem]al int]e/4 ,b x %\ld nev] be =gott5 t ! lit]ature ( any p]iod is & mu/ be l>gely occupi$ ) ! que/ions ( ! day4 ,?us1 & ?us only1 x becomes a repres5tative lit]ature1 & x is preci\s to po/]ity 9 proportion z x accurately reflects ! _s1 ! prejudices1 & ! p]sonalities ( a "t :i* has pass$ into hi/ory1 leav+ beh9d x no liv+ repres5tatives4 ,if we admit t ! developm5t ( ! human intellect at any p>ticul> p]iod is wor? /udy+1 !n all books are1 or may become1 useful4 ,x is amaz+ t a p]son ) any pret5sions to disc]nm5t %\ld d5\nce newspap]s z unfitt$ to =m a "p ( a public libr>y4 ,! be/ newspap]s ( ! "t are sometimes ! be/ books ( ! "t4 ,a fir/-class daily j\rnal is an epitome ( ! _w1 record+ ! life & ! de$s ( m51 _! laws & _! lit]ature1 _! politics & religion1 _! social & crim9al /ati/ics1 ! progress ( inv5tion & ( art1 ! revolutions ( empires1 & ! late/ results ( sci5ce4 ,grant t newspap]s are prejudic$1 sup]ficial1 unfair2 s also are books4 ,grant t ! j\rnals (t5 give place to ?+s scurril\s & base2 b c !re be any?+ bas] or m scurril\s ?an are suff]$ to run riot 9 books8 ,!re is to be f\nd hidd5 away 9 ! pages ( "s books su* fil? z no man w\ld d>e to pr9t 9 a newspap]1 f fe> ( ! in/ant wra? ( ! pass]s-by4 ,:5 ,i consid] ! debt :i* libr>ies & lit]ature alike owe to ! daily & weekly press1 x is difficult to *>act]ize ) pati5ce ! ,p>?ian arr[ flung at x f ! grave ( a qu]ul\s millionaire1 :o w owe to ^! v newspap]s ! great] "p ( 8 success & 8 reputation4 ,! fa!r ( ! respectable te/ator1 ,doctor ,b5jam9 ,ru%1 has left on record _m le>n$ speculations conc]n+ ! signs & evid5ces ( lunacy4 ,we may n[ add to ! numb] ! vag>ies ( ! au?or ( a pond]\s "w on ! human intellect1 :o gravely propos$ to h& ov] to po/]ity an expurgat$ copy ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 ) all its newspap]s left out4 ,! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 or1 z x 0 call$ 9 its fir/ g5]al catalogue 9 #ahae1 ,! ,libr>y ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 0 f\nd$ 9 #ahjj1 by ! pur*ase ( five ?\s& doll>s' wor? ( books by act ( ,congress1 ^u ! removal ( ! gov]nm5t to ,wa%+ton4 ,by ! act ( ,janu>y #bf1 #ahjb1 entitl$ ,an act conc]n+ ! ,libr>y = ! use ( bo? ,h\ses ( ,congress1 ?is libr>y 0 plac$ 9 *>ge ( a jo9t committee ( bo? ,h\ses ( ,congress1 consi/+ ( ?ree ,s5ators & ?ree ,repres5tatives1 & a ,libr>ian1 to be appo9t$ by ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x _h gr[n to ! numb] ( only #c1jjj volumes 9 #ahad1 :5 ! ,briti% army made a bonfire ( our national ,capitol1 & ! libr>y 0 consum$ 9 ! ru9s4 ,! fir/ libr>y ( ,congress be+ ?us de/roy$1 ex-,presid5t ,jeff]son1 !n liv+1 involv$ 9 debt1 & 9 8 old age1 at ,monticello1 (f]$ 8 f9e private libr>y ( #f1gjj volumes to ,congress1 ?r\gh fri5ds 9 t body1 ! t]ms ( paym5t to be made conv5i5t to ! public1 & ! price to be fix$ by a committee4 ,! proposition met ) able advocacy & also ) "s w>m opposition4 ,x is illu/rative ( ! crude conceptions reg>d+ ! uses ( books :i* prevail$ 9 ! m9ds ( "s memb]s1 t ! libr>y 0 object$ to on ! some:at incongru\s gr\nds ( embrac+ too _m editions ( ! ,bible1 & a numb] ( ! ,fr5* writ]s 9 skeptical philosophy4 ,x 0 gravely propos$ to pack up ?is portion ( ! libr>y1 & return x to ! illu/ri\s own] at ,monticello1 pay+ him = ! rema9d]4 ,m enlight5$ c\nsels1 h[ev]1 prevail$1 & ! nation became possess$1 = ab\t #bc1jjj1 ( a good basis = a public libr>y :i* might become wor?y ( ! c\ntry4 ,! collection ?us =m$ grew by sl[ accretion until1 9 #ahea1 x _h accumulat$ #ee1jjj volumes4 ,on ! #bd? ( ,decemb] 9 t ye>1 a defective flue 9 ! ,capitol set fire to ! wood-"w ) :i* ! :ole libr>y 0 surr\nd$1 & ! result 0 a conflagration1 f :i* #bj1jjj volumes only 7 sav$4 ,congress at once appropriat$1 ) praisewor?y lib]ality1 #ge1jjj = ! pur*ase ( new books1 & #ib1ejj = rebuild+ ! libr>y room 9 solid iron2 ! fir/ in/ance ( ! employm5t ( t safe & p]man5t mat]ial1 s capable ( ! lighte/ & mo/ beautiful ar*itectural effects1 9 ! entire int]ior /ructure ( any public build+4 ,! appropriation ( #ge1jjj 0 pr9cipally exp5d$ 9 ! pur*ase ( /&>d ,engli% lit]ature1 includ+ complete sets ( _m important p]iodicals1 & a selection ( ! m co/ly works 9 sci5ce & ! f9e arts4 ,9 #ahff1 two w+s1 ea* z l>ge z ! c5tral libr>y1 & con/ruct$ ( ! same fire-pro( mat]ial1 7 add$ to x1 & quickly fill$ by ! accession1 ! same ye> & ! foll[+1 ( two l>ge libr>ies1 t ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution1 & ! hi/orical libr>y ( ,pet] ,=ce1 ( ,wa%+ton4 ,! latt] 0 ! l>ge/ private libr>y ev] !n br\ght toge!r 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b its *ief value consi/$ 9 its possession ( a v great proportion ( ! books relat+ to ! settlem5t1 hi/ory1 topography1 & politics ( ,am]ica1 its #de1jjj pamphlets1 its files ( e>ly newspap]s ( ! ,revolution1 its e>ly pr9t$ books1 & its ri* assemblage ( maps & manuscripts1 _m ( ! latt] be+ orig9al autographs ( ! highe/ hi/orical int]e/1 includ+ milit>y lett]s & pap]s ( ! p]iod ( ! ,am]ican ,revolution4 ,! ,smi?sonian libr>y1 ! cu/ody ( :i* 0 accept$ by ,congress z a tru/1 is ri* 9 sci5tific works 9 all ! languages ( ,europe1 & =ms an ext5sive & appropriate supplem5t to ! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 ! *ief /r5g? ( :i* lies 9 jurisprud5ce1 political sci5ce1 hi/ory1 & books relat+ to ,am]ica4 ,yet no dep>tm5t ( lit]ature or sci5ce has be5 left unrepres5t$ 9 its =mation1 & ! fact has be5 kept /eadily 9 view t ! ,libr>y ( ! ,gov]nm5t mu/ become1 soon] or lat]1 a univ]sal "o4 ,z ! only libr>y :i* is entitl$ to ! b5efit ( ! copyright law1 by :i* copies ( ea* publication = :i* ! ,gov]nm5t grants an exclusive "r mu/ be deposit$ 9 ! ,national ,libr>y1 ?is collection mu/ become annually m important z an expon5t ( ! gr[? ( ,am]ican lit]ature4 ,?is wise provision ( law prev5ts ! disp]sion or de/ruction ( books t t5d cont9ually to disappe>2 a b5efit to ! cause ( lett]s1 ! full value ( :i* x requires slight reflection to e/imate4 ,?is ,national ,libr>y n[ embraces #hdj1jjj volumes1 besides ab\t #bej1jjj pamphlets4 ,x is freely op51 z a libr>y ( ref]5ce & read+1 to ! :ole p2 b ! books are n p]mitt$ to be drawn out1 except by ,s5ators & ,repres5tatives & a few (ficials = use at ! seat ( gov]nm5t4 ,its new1 commodi\s & beautiful build+1 :i* may fitly be call$ ! book-palace ( ! ,am]ican p1 op5 day & ev5+ to all com]s1 is a delight to ! eye1 & to ! m9d4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! libr>y ( ! ,bo/on ,a!naeum orig9at$1 9 ! ye> #ahjf1 ) a society ( g5tlem5 ( lit]>y ta/es1 :o aim$ at creat+ a read+-room = ! be/ =eign & ,am]ican p]iodicals1 toge!r ) a libr>y ( books4 ,to ?is a gall]y ( art 0 subsequ5tly add$4 ,! und]tak+ prov$ at once successful1 leav+ u to wond] :y cultivat$ ,bo/on1 ?\gh ab\nd+ 9 special & p>i% libr>ies1 %\ld s long h done )\t a good g5]al libr>y2 ,new ,york hav+ anticipat$ h] by fifty-two ye>s1 & ,philadelphia by ?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury4 ,! ,a!naeum ,libr>y is peculi>ly ri* 9 files ( ,am]ican newspap]s1 bo? old & new1 & its collection ( e>ly pamphlets is "o ( ! l>ge/ 9 ! c\ntry4 ,9 lit]ature & sci5ce x embraces a heavy proportion ( ! be/ books1 its total numb] ( volumes be+ reckon$ at #aij1jjj4 ,its collection ( books1 pamphlets1 & newspap]s relat+ to ! rec5t civil w> is among ! complete/ kn[n4 ,! price ( a %>e 9 ! ,a!naeum is ?ree hundr$ doll>s1 a l>ge sum :5 comp>$ ) t ( o!r propriet>y libr>ies2 b x involves mu* m valuable prop]ty-rights ?an any o!r4 ,! annual assessm5t is five doll>s to %>ehold]s1 :o alone possess ! "r to draw books4 ,! proprietors h also ! p[] to grant free admission to o!rs1 & ! libr>y & read+-room are ?us ?r[n op5 = ref]5ce to a wide range ( read]s4 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,a/or ,libr>y1 op5$ 9 #ahed1 has be5 made too famili> by repeat$ publication to ne$ repetition "h4 ,! g5]\s f\nd] gave two p] c5t4 out ( 8 =tune ( #bj1jjj1jjj to create a free public libr>y = ! city :i* _h giv5 him all 8 weal?4 ,! gift 0 a spl5did "o1 great] ?an _h ev] be=e be5 giv5 9 money to f\nd a libr>y4 ,moreov]1 ! #djj1jjj ( ,mr4 ,a/or1 half a c5tury ago1 appe>$ to be1 & p]haps 01 a l>g] sum relatively ?an f\r millions 9 ,new ,york ( to-day4 ,yet x rema9s true t ! beque/ 0 b "o-fiftie? "p ( ! =tune ( ! donor1 & t ! gr[? & ev5 ! prop] accommodation ( ! libr>y mu/ h /opp$1 b = ! spontane\s supplem5t>y gifts ( ! pr9cipal inh]itors ( 8 va/ weal?4 ,! gr[? ( ! ,a/or libr>y has be5 v sl[1 ! annual income f :at 0 left ( ,mr4 ,a/or's #djj1jjj beque/1 aft] defray+ ! co/ ( ! libr>y build+1 & ! #ajj1jjj exp5d$ = books at its f\ndation 9 #ahdh1 hav+ be5 s small z to necessitate a p9*+ economy1 bo? 9 sal>ies ( ! libr>y /aff1 & 9 ! annual pur*ase ( books4 ,x 0 an example ( a g5]\s act p]=m$ 9 a nigg>dly way4 ,b aft] ! lapse ( half a c5tury1 enlight5$ public policy1 build+ ^u ! ,a/or f\ndation1 & on ! ,l5ox & ,tild5 beque/s = f\nd+ public libr>ies 9 ,new ,york city1 is ab\t to equip t long neglect$ city ) a libr>y wor?y ( ! "n4 ,!re has already be5 ga!r$ f ^! ?ree unit$ b5efactions1 a collection ( no less ?an #dej1jjj volumes1 mak+ ! ,new ,york ,public ,libr>y take rank z ! f\r?1 num]ically1 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,:ile no libr>y 9 ,am]ica has yet rea*$ "o million volumes1 !re are five libr>ies 9 ,europe1 :i* h pass$ ! million m>k4 ,"s ( ^!1 x is true1 are repositories ( anci5t & m$iaeval lit]ature1 *iefly1 ) a consid]able repres5tation ( ! books ( ! la/ c5tury1 & b few accessions f ! m mod]n press4 ,su*1 = ! mo/ "p1 are ! num]\s libr>ies ( ,italy1 :ile o!rs1 l ! ,libr>y ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 9 ,london1 & ! ,national ,libr>y1 at ,p>is1 are ab\t equally ri* 9 anci5t & mod]n lit]ature4 ,! "o great advantage :i* ,european libr>ies possess ov] ,am]ican consi/s 9 ! /ores ( anci5t lit]ature :i* ! accumulations ( ! pa/ h giv5 !m4 ,?is advantage1 s f> z manuscripts & e>ly pr9t$ books are conc]n$1 c nev] be ov]come4 ,) "o or two hundr$ ?\s& volumes z a basis1 :at b utt] neglect c prev5t a libr>y f becom+ a great & useful in/itution8 ,! mo/ mod]ate %>e ( discrim9ation1 appli$ to ! selection ( curr5t lit]ature1 w keep up ! "* ( ! collection z a progressive "o4 ,b ) no?+ at all z a basis1 z mo/ ( our l>ge ,am]ican libr>ies h />t$1 x w take g5]ations = u to ov]take "s ( ! va/ collections ( ,europe--ev5 num]ically4 ,9 ! ,am]ican ,almanac = #ahcg 0 publi%$ ! e>lie/ /ati/ical acc\nt ( ,am]ican libr>ies :i* ,i h f\nd4 ,x is conf9$ to a /atem5t ( ! num]ical cont5ts ( tw5ty public & univ]sity libr>ies1 be+ all ! ,am]ican libr>ies :i* !n 7sixty ye>s s9ce7 conta9$ ov] #aj1jjj volumes ea*4 ,! l>ge/ libr>y 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates at t date 0 t ( ! ,philadelphia ,libr>y ,company1 :i* embrac$ #dd1jjj volumes4 ,! fir/ organiz$ ef=t to collect ! full /ati/ics ( libr>ies 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 made 9 #ahdi1 by ,pr(essor ,c4 ,c4 ,jewett1 !n libr>ian ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution1 & ! results 7 publi%$ 9 #ahea1 "u ! auspices ( t in/itution1 9 a volume ( #bjg pages4 ,x conta9s int]e/+ notices ( num]\s libr>ies1 only =ty ( :i*1 h[ev]1 conta9$ z _m z #aj1jjj volumes ea*4 ,9 #ahei1 ,mr4 ,w4 ,j4 ,rhees1 ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution1 publi%$ ,a ,manual ( ,public ,libr>ies1 ,in/itutions1 & ,societies 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 a l>ge volume ( #fhg pages1 fill$ ) /ati/ical in=mation 9 great detail1 & record+ ! numb] ( volumes 9 #acch libr>ies4 ,?is "w 0 an expansion ( t ( ,pr(essor ,jewett4 ,! next publication ( ! /ati/ics ( ,am]ican ,libr>ies1 ( an (ficial "*1 0 publi%$ 9 ,! ,national ,almanac1 ,philadelphia1 = ! ye> #ahfd1 pp4 #eh-fb1 & 0 prep>$ by ! pres5t writ]4 ,x gave ! /ati/ics ( #ajd libr>ies1 ea* numb]+ #aj1jjj volumes or upw>ds1 exhibit+ a gratify+ progress 9 all ! l>g] collections1 & commemorat+ ! m advanc$ & vigor\s ( ! new libr>ies :i* _h sprung into life4 ,! "w ( collect+ & publi%+ ! /ati/ics ( ,am]ican ,libr>ies has = ye>s pa/ be5 admirably p]=m$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,bureau ( ,education4 ,begun 9 #ahge1 t in/itution has issu$ f\r tabul> /atem5ts ( all libr>ies respond+ to its circul>s ( inquiry1 & hav+ 7z la/ report$ 9 #ahig7 "o ?\s& volumes or upw>ds4 ,besides ^! invaluable reports1 co/+ mu* c>eful labor & great exp5se1 ! ,bureau ( ,education publi%$1 9 #ahgf1 an ext5sive "w :olly devot$ to ! subject ( libr>ies1 be>+ ! title ,special ,report on ,public ,libr>ies 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is publication 7n[ :olly out ( pr9t7 consi/$ ( #abbb pages1 replete ) in=mation ^u ! hi/ory1 managem5t1 & condition ( ,am]ican ,libr>ies1 "u ! editor%ip ( ,s4 ,r4 ,w>r5 & ,s4 ,n4 ,cl>k1 ( ! ,bureau ( ,education4 ,x embrac$ _m orig9al contributions ^u topics connect$ ) libr>y sci5ce1 by exp]i5c$ libr>ians1 viz43 ,messrs4 ,w4 ,f4 ,poole1 ,ju/9 ,w9sor1 ,c4 ,a4 ,cutt]1 ,j4 ,s4 ,bill+s1 ,!o4 ,gill1 ,melvil ,dewey1 ,o4 ,h4 ,rob9son1 ,w4 ,i4 ,flet*]1 ,f4 ,b4 ,p]k9s1 ,h4 ,a4 ,homes1 ,a4 ,r4 ,sp(=d1 & o!rs4 ,i h prep>$ a table ( ! num]ical cont5ts ( ! ?irty-f\r l>ge/ libr>ies 9 ?is c\ntry 9 #ahig1 be+ all ^? hav+ #ajj1jjj volumes ea* or upw>ds3 ,libr>y ( ,congress1 ,wa%+ton1 #hdj1jjj ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y1 ,bo/on1 #gcj1jjj ,h>v>d ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 ,cambridge1 #eaj1jjj ,new ,york ,public ,libr>y1 ,new ,york ,city1 #dej1jjj ,univ]sity ( ,*icago ,libr>y1 #cce1jjj ,new ,york ,/ate ,libr>y1 ,albany1 #cbj1gaj ,yale ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 ,new ,hav51 #bhe1jjj ,new ,york ,m]cantile ,libr>y1 ,new ,york1 #bgj1jjj ,columbia ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 ,new ,york1 #bfj1jjj ,*icago ,public ,libr>y1 #bce1che ,c9c9nati ,public ,libr>y1 #bbc1jdc ,cornell ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 ,i?aca1 ,n4 ,y41 #bbj1jjj ,sutro ,libr>y1 ,san ,francisco1 #bjf1cjj ,newb]ry ,libr>y1 ,*icago1 #bjc1ajh ,philadelphia ,libr>y ,company1 #bjj1jjj ,philadelphia ,m]cantile ,libr>y1 #aij1jjj ,bo/on ,a!naeum ,libr>y1 #aij1jjj ,eno* ,pratt ,libr>y1 ,baltimore1 #ahe1ijb ,philadelphia ,m]cantile ,libr>y1 #ahc1jjj ,detroit ,public ,libr>y1 ,detroit1 ,mi*41 #adh1aih ,univ]sity ( ,p5nsylvania ,libr>y1 ,phila41 #adj1jjj ,pr9ceton ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 ,pr9ceton1 ,n4 ,j41 #ace1jjj ,p5nsylvania ,/ate ,libr>y1 ,h>risburg1 #acd1jjj ,peabody ,in/itute ,libr>y1 ,baltimore1 #acj1jjj ,clevel& ,public ,libr>y1 ,clevel&1 ,o41 #abi1jjj ,/4 ,l\is ,public ,libr>y1 #abe1jjj ,me*anics & ,tradesm5's ,libr>y1 ,new ,york1 #aae1ahe ,free ,public ,libr>y1 ,worce/]1 ,mass41 #aae1jjj ,san ,francisco ,public ,libr>y1 #ajh1jff ,philadelphia ,free ,libr>y1 #aje1jjj ,am]ican ,antiqu>ian ,society ,libr>y1 ,worce/]1 ,mass41 #aje1jjj ,cali=nia ,/ate ,libr>y1 ,sacram5to1 #ajj1jcb ,massa*usetts ,/ate ,libr>y1 ,bo/on1 #ajj1jjj ,new ,york ,society ,libr>y1 ,new ,york1 #ajj1jjj ,public libr>ies end[$ by private munific5ce =m already a l>ge class1 & ^! are con/antly increas+4 ,( ! public libr>ies f\nd$ by individual beque/1 "s ( ! pr9cipal are ! ,public ,libr>y ( ,new ,york1 ! ,watk9son ,libr>y1 at ,h>t=d1 ! ,peabody ,in/itute ,libr>ies1 ( ,baltimore1 & at ,danv]s & ,peabody1 ,mass41 ! ,newb]ry ,libr>y & ! ,john ,cr]> ,libr>y at ,*icago1 ! ,sutro ,libr>y1 ,san ,francisco1 ! ,eno* ,pratt ,libr>y1 ,baltimore1 & ! ,c>negie ,libr>ies at ,pittsburgh & ,allegh5y ,city1 ,pa4 ,ne>ly all ( !m are ! gr[? ( ! la/ qu>t] ( a c5tury4 ,! m prom95t1 9 po9t ( well equipp$ build+s or collections ( books1 are "h nam$1 includ+ all :i* numb] t5 ?\s& volumes ea*1 or upw>ds1 among ! public libr>ies associat$ ) ! f\nd]'s "n4 ,new ,york ,public ,libr>y 7,a/or ,l5ox & ,tild5 ,f\ndations71 #dej1jjj ,newb]ry ,libr>y1 ,*icago1 #bjc1ajj ,sutro ,libr>y1 ,san ,francisco1 #bjf1cjj ,eno* ,pratt ,libr>y1 ,baltimore1 #ahe1ijj ,peabody ,in/itute ,libr>y1 ,baltimore1 #acj1jjj ,dav5port ,libr>y1 ,ba?1 ,n4 ,y41 #ij1jjj ,silas ,bronson ,libr>y1 ,wat]bury1 ,conn41 #eb1jjj ,pratt ,in/itute ,free ,libr>y1 ,brooklyn1 ,n4 ,y41 #ea1jjj ,watk9son ,libr>y1 ,h>t=d1 ,conn41 #dg1jjj ,sage ,libr>y1 ,new ,brunswick1 ,n4 ,y41 #dc1jjj ,case ,libr>y1 ,clevel&1 ,ohio1 #dj1jjj ,grosv5or ,libr>y1 ,buffalo1 ,n4 ,y41 #ci1jjj ,=bes ,libr>y1 ,nor?ampton1 ,mass41 #cf1jjj ,coop] ,union ,libr>y1 ,new ,york1 #cd1jjj ,fisk ,free ,public ,libr>y1 ,new ,orleans1 #cc1jjj ,peabody ,in/itute ,libr>y1 ,peabody1 ,mass41 #cc1jjj ,reynolds ,libr>y1 ,ro*e/]1 ,n4 ,y41 #cc1jjj ,c>negie ,free ,libr>y1 ,allegh5y1 ,pa41 #cj1jjj ,flet*] ,free ,libr>y1 ,burl+ton1 ,vt41 #cj1jjj ,h[>d ,memorial ,libr>y1 ,new ,orleans1 #bf1jjj ,c>negie ,libr>y1 ,pittsburgh1 ,pa41 #be1jjj ,sage ,public ,libr>y1 ,we/ ,bay ,city1 ,mi*41 #be1jjj ,hoyt ,public ,libr>y1 ,sag9aw1 ,mi*41 #bd1jjj ,o/]h\t ,free ,libr>y1 ,wilkesb>re1 ,pa41 #bd1jjj ,seym\r ,libr>y1 ,auburn1 ,n4 ,y41 #bd1jjj ,hackley ,public ,libr>y1 ,muskegon1 ,mi*41 #bb1jjj ,will>d ,libr>y1 ,evansville1 ,ind41 #bb1jjj ,otis ,libr>y1 ,norwi*1 ,conn41 #ba1jjj ,morrison-,reeves ,libr>y1 ,ri*mond1 ,ind41 #ba1jjj ,baxt] ,memorial ,libr>y1 ,rutl&1 ,vt41 #bj1jjj ,cornell ,libr>y ,association1 ,i?aca1 ,n4 ,y41 #bj1jjj ,?omas ,crane ,public ,libr>y1 ,qu9cy1 ,mass41 #ai1jjj ,dimmick ,libr>y1 ,mau* ,*unk1 ,pa41 #ah1jjj ,gail ,bord5 ,public ,libr>y1 ,elg91 ,ill41 #ag1jjj ,peabody ,in/itute ,libr>y1 ,danv]s1 ,mass41 #ag1jjj ,tufts ,libr>y1 ,weym\?1 ,mass41 #ag1jjj ,w>d] ,public ,libr>y1 ,spr+field1 ,ohio1 #ag1jjj ,)]s ,public ,libr>y1 ,bloom+ton1 ,ill41 #ae1jjj ,c>y ,libr>y1 ,lex+ton1 ,mass41 #ae1jjj ,fritz ,public ,libr>y1 ,*elsea1 ,mass41 #ae1jjj ,turn] ,free ,libr>y1 ,r&olph1 ,mass41 #ae1jjj ,ames ,free ,libr>y1 ,nor? ,ea/on1 ,mass41 #ad1jjj ,bigel[ ,free ,libr>y1 ,cl9ton1 ,mass41 #ad1jjj ,cl>ke ,public ,libr>y1 ,coldwat]1 ,mi*41 #ad1jjj ,h>ris ,in/itute ,libr>y1 ,woonsocket1 ,r4 ,i41 #ad1jjj ,m]rick ,public ,libr>y1 ,brookfield1 ,mass41 #ad1jjj ,robb9s ,libr>y1 ,arl+ton1 ,mass41 #ad1jjj ,nev9s ,memorial ,libr>y1 ,me?u51 ,mass41 #ad1jjj ,/urgis ,libr>y1 ,b>n/able1 ,mass41 #ac1jjj ,bir*>d ,libr>y1 ,fremont1 ,ohio1 #ab1ejj ,james ,pr5d]ga/ ,libr>y1 ,jame/[n1 ,n4 ,y41 #ab1ejj ,rog]s ,free ,libr>y1 ,bri/ol1 ,r4 ,i41 #ab1cjj ,abbott ,public ,libr>y1 ,m>blehead1 ,mass41 #ab1jjj ,arm\r ,in/itute1 ,*icago1 ,ill41 #ab1jjj ,beebe ,t[n ,libr>y1 ,wakefield1 ,mass41 #ab1jjj ,c>negie ,free ,libr>y1 ,braddock1 ,pa41 #ab1jjj ,goodn[ ,libr>y1 ,s\? ,sudbury1 ,mass41 #ab1jjj ,millic5t ,libr>y1 ,fairhav51 ,mass41 #ab1jjj ,?ay] ,public ,libr>y1 ,s\? ,bra9tree1 ,mass41 #aa1jjj ,dy] ,libr>y1 ,saco1 ,ma9e1 #aj1ejj ,cossit ,libr>y1 ,memphis1 ,t5n41 #aj1jjj ,gl\ce/] 7,mass47 ,sawy] ,free ,libr>y1 #aj1jjj ,f]guson ,libr>y1 ,/am=d1 ,conn41 #aj1jjj ,p>l9 ,memorial ,libr>y1 ,ev]ett1 ,mass41 #aj1jjj ,j5nie ,d4 ,haynes ,libr>y1 ,alton1 ,ill41 #aj1jjj ,hornell ,free ,libr>y1 ,hornellsville1 ,n4 ,y41 #aj1jjj ,besides ! prec$+ li/1 purposely conf9$ to free libr>ies *iefly f\nd$ by individuals1 :i* h rea*$ ! t5 ?\s& volume m>k1 !re are a multitude ( o!rs1 too num]\s to be nam$1 hav+ a less numb] ( volumes4 ,9 fact1 ! public _s :i* gives freely ( private weal? to enl>ge ! intellig5ce ( ! community may be said to gr[ by emulation4 ,_m m5 :o h made =tunes h end[$ _! native places ) libr>ies4 ,x is ye>ly becom+ m & m widely recogniz$ t a man c build no monum5t to himself s honorable or s la/+ z a free public libr>y4 ,its influ5ce is well nigh univ]sal1 & its b5efits are p]5nial4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we n[ come to consid] ! city or t[n libr>ies1 creat$ or ma9ta9$ by volunt>y taxation4 ,^!1 l ! class ( libr>ies f\nd$ by private munific5ce1 are purely a mod]n gr[?4 ,:ile ! e>lie/ movem5t 9 ?is direction 9 ,great ,brita9 dates back only to #ahej1 ,new ,hamp%ire has ! honor ( adopt+ ! fir/ free public libr>y law1 9 ,am]ica1 9 ! ye> #ahdi4 ,massa*usetts foll[$ 9 #ahea1 & ! example 0 emulat$ by o!r ,/ates at v>i\s int]vals1 until !re n[ rema9 b fifte5 out ( our =ty-five ,/ates :i* h no public libr>y law4 ,! g5]al provisions ( ^! laws au?orize any t[n or city to collect taxes by vote ( ! citiz5s = ma9ta9+ a public libr>y1 to be manag$ by tru/ees elect$ or appo9t$ = ! purpose4 ,b a m f>-rea*+ provision = supply+ ! p ) public libr>ies 0 adopt$ by ,new ,hamp%ire 7aga9 ! pione] ,/ate71 9 #ahie4 ,?is 0 no?+ less ?an ! passage ( a ,/ate law mak+ x compulsory on e t[n 9 ,new ,hamp%ire to assess annually ! sum ( ?irty doll>s = e doll> ( public taxes apportion$ to su* t[n1 ! am\nt to be appropriat$ to e/abli% & ma9ta9 a free public libr>y4 ,libr>y tru/ees are to be elect$1 & 9 t[ns :]e no public libr>y exi/s1 ! money is to be held by !m1 & to accumulate until ! t[n is ready to e/abli% a libr>y4 ,?is ,new ,hamp%ire /atute1 mak+ obligatory ! supply ( public in=mation ?r\gh books & p]iodicals 9 free libr>ies 9 e t[n1 may fairly be t]m$ ! high-wat] m>k ( mod]n means = ! diffusion ( k4 ,?is sy/em ( creat+ libr>ies proce$s ^u ! pr9ciple t intellectual enlight5m5t is z mu* a conc]n ( ! local gov]nm5t z sanit>y regulations or public morality4 ,society has an int]e/ t is common to all classes 9 ! means t are provid$ = ! education ( ! p4 ,among ^! means free t[n or city libr>ies are "o ( ! mo/ pot5t & useful4 ,new ,hamp%ire & ,massa*usetts1 9 ne>ly all ( _! t[ns & cities1 h recogniz$ ! pr9ciple t public books are j z important to ! g5]al welf>e z public lamps4 ,:at are ev]y:]e ne$$ are libr>ies op5 to ! p z a matt] ( "r1 & n z a matt] ( favor4 ,! l>ge/ libr>y 9 ! c\ntry1 save "o 7t at ,wa%+ton71 owes its orig9 & success to ?is pr9ciple1 comb9$ ) "s private munific5ce4 ,! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y is unque/ionably "o ( ! mo/ widely useful collections ( books op5 to ! public 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,( all ! great] collections1 x is ! only "o :i* l5ds out books free ( *>ge to all citiz5s4 ,in/itut$ 9 #aheb1 its c>e] has be5 "o ( rapid progress & ev] wid5+ usefulness4 ,i %all n dwell ^u x at l5g?1 z ! facts reg>d+ x h be5 m widely publi%$ ?an ^? relat+ to any o!r libr>y4 ,"u ! p]missive libr>y laws ( ?irty ,/ates1 !re _h be5 =m$ up to #ahif1 :5 ! la/ compreh5sive /ati/ics 7 ga!r$1 ab\t #a1bjj free public libr>ies1 support$ by taxation1 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,a /ill m widely successful means ( secur+ a libr>y f\ndation t %all be p]man5t is f\nd 9 unit+ private b5efactions ) public money to f\nd or to ma9ta9 a libr>y4 ,_m public-spirit$ citiz5s1 =tunately end[$ ) l>ge means1 h (f]$ to erect libr>y build+s 9 c]ta9 places1 on condition t ! local au?orities w\ld provide ! books1 & ! means ( ma9ta9+ a free libr>y4 ,su* g5]\s (f]s1 :e!r c\pl$ ) ! condition ( p]petuat+ ! donor's "n ) t ( ! libr>y1 or leav+ ! gift unhamp]$1 s t ! libr>y may be> ! "n ( ! t[n or city ( its location1 h g5]ally be5 accept$ by municipal bodies1 or by popul> vote4 ,?is secures1 9 mo/ cases1 a good work+ libr>y ( *oice read+1 z well z its /eady annual gr[? & managem5t1 free ( ! heavy exp5se ( build+1 ( :i* ! tax-pay]s are reliev$4 ,! _m munific5t gifts ( libr>y build+s by ,mr4 ,&rew ,c>negie1 to ,am]ican t[ns & cities1 & to "s 9 8 native ,scotl&1 are wor?y ( special note4 ,& ! read] w see f ! long li/ h]et(ore giv5 ( ! m consid]able public libr>ies to be cr$it$ :olly or 9 "p to private munific5ce1 t ,am]ican m5 ( weal? h n be5 want+ z public b5efactors4 ,9 "s cases1 :ole libr>ies h be5 giv5 to a t[n or village :]e a public libr>y already exi/$1 or lib]al gifts or beque/s ( money1 to be exp5d$ 9 ! enri*m5t ( su* libr>ies1 h be5 be/[$4 ,v int]e/+ li/s ( b5efactions = ! b5efit ( libr>ies may be f\nd 9 ! volumes ( ! ,libr>y ,j\rnal1 ,new ,york4 ,x is ) regret t c&or requires me to add1 t sev]al pr(f]s ( f9e libr>y build+s to c]ta9 places1 c\pl$ ) ! condition t ! municipal au?orities w\ld e/abli% & ma9ta9 a free libr>y1 h rema9$ )\t acceptance1 ?us =feit+ a lib]al end[m5t4 ,:]e public education has be5 s neglect$ z to r5d] possible su* a nigg>dly1 p5ny-wise & p\nd-fooli% policy1 !re is manife/ly signal ne$ ( e means ( enlight5m5t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we n[ come to ! v>i\s ,/ate libr>ies f\nd$ at ! public *>ge1 & design$ prim>ily = ! use ( ! respective legislatures ( ! ,/ates4 ,! e>lie/ ( ^! is ! ,new ,hamp%ire ,/ate ,libr>y1 e/abli%$ 9 #agij1 & ! l>ge/ is ! ,new ,york ,/ate ,libr>y1 at ,albany1 f\nd$ 9 #ahah1 n[ embrac+ #cbe1jjj volumes1 & di/+ui%$ alike by ! value ( its /ores & ! lib]ality ( its managem5t4 ,! reason = be+ ( a ,/ate libr>y is obvi\sly & prim>ily to furni% ! legislative body & ,/ate c\rts ) su* ample books ( ref]5ce 9 jurisprud5ce1 hi/ory1 sci5ce1 etc41 z w aid !m 9 ! intellig5t dis*>ge ( _! duties z law-mak]s & judges ( ! law4 ,! libr>y ?us exi/+ at ea* ,/ate capital may well be op5$ to ! public = read+ & ref]5ce1 ?us greatly enl>g+ its usefulness4 ,e ,/ate 9 ! ,union has n[ at lea/ a legislative libr>y1 al?\gh ! mo/ ( !m consi/ *iefly ( laws & legislative docum5ts1 ) a few works ( ref]5ce sup]add$2 & _! direct usefulness to ! public is !re=e v circumscrib$4 ,! ,new ,york ,/ate ,libr>y is a model ( :at a great public libr>y %\ld be 9 ! capital ( a ,/ate4 ,9 x are ga!r$ a great proportion ( ! be/ books 9 ea* dep>tm5t ( lit]ature & sci5ce1 :ile indefatigable ef=ts h be5 made to enri* x 9 :atev] relates to ,am]ican hi/ory & polity4 ,its read+-room is freely op5$ to ! public dur+ _m h\rs daily4 ,b a ,/ate libr>y %\ld nev] be made a libr>y ( circulation1 s9ce its utility z a ref]5ce libr>y1 hav+ its books always 9 = ^? :o seek !m1 w\ld !reby be de/roy$4 ,ev5 "u ! exi/+ sy/em1 ) ! privilege ( draw+ books out conf9$ to ! ,legislature1 "s ( ! ,/ate libr>ies h be5 deplet$ & despoil$ ( _m ( _! mo/ valuable books1 ?r\gh loan+ !m freely on ! ord]s ( memb]s4 ,! s5se ( responsibility is f> less 9 ! case ( borr[$ books :i* are gov]nm5t prop]ty1 ?an 9 o!r cases4 ,! only safe rule = keep+ a gov]nm5t libr>y f be+ scatt]$1 is /rict refusal ( ord]s = loan+ to any "o n legally entitl$ to draw books1 & %ort t]ms ( )drawal to legislators1 ) en=cem5t ( a rule ( replacem5t1 at _! exp5se1 z to all books n return$ at ! end ( ea* session4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re is "o class ( libr>ies n yet t\*$ ^u1 namely1 s*ool di/rict libr>ies4 ,^! orig9at$ = ! fir/ "t 9 a legally organiz$ sy/em1 ?r\gh an act ( ! ,new ,york ,/ate ,legislature 9 #ahce1 au?oriz+ ! vot]s 9 ea* s*ool di/rict to levy a tax ( tw5ty doll>s ) :i* to />t a libr>y1 & t5 doll>s a ye> = add+ to ! same4 ,^! 7 n to be = ! s*ools alone1 b = all ! p liv+ 9 ! di/rict :]e ! s*ool 0 locat$4 ,?is 0 supplem5t$ 9 #ahch by a ,/ate appropriation ( #ee1jjj a ye>1 f ,new ,york's %>e ( ! surplus rev5ue fund di/ribut$ by ,congress to ! ,/ates 9 #ahcg1 & ! income ( :i* 0 devot$ by ,new ,york to enl>g+ ! s*ool di/rict libr>ies4 ,aft] sp5d+ ne>ly two millions ( doll>s on ^! libr>ies 9 =ty ye>s1 ! sy/em 0 f\nd to h be5 s f> a failure t ! volumes 9 ! libr>ies _h decreas$ f #a1fjj1jjj to #gjj1jjj volumes4 ,?is extraord9>y & deplorable result 0 attribut$ to sev]al di/9ct causes4 #a/4 ,no prop] responsibility z to ! use & return ( books 0 en=c$4 #b;d4 ,! insignificance ( ! sum rais$ by taxation 9 ea* di/rict prev5t$ any consid]able supply ( books f be+ acquir$4 #c;d4 ,! funds 7 l>gely devot$ to buy+ ! same books 9 ea* s*ool di/rict1 in/ead ( be+ exp5d$ 9 build+ up a l>ge & v>i$ collection4 ,?us ! sy/em produc$ innum]able petty libr>ies ( duplicates1 enri*+ publi%]s & booksell]s1 :ile impov]i%+ ! community4 ,! s*ool di/rict libr>y sy/em1 9 %ort1 :ile promis+ mu* 9 !ory1 9 ! way ( public intellig5ce1 broke d[n completely 9 practice4 ,! p quickly lo/ int]e/ 9 libr>ies :i* gave !m s little v>iety 9 books1 ei!r ( in/ruction or ( recreation4 ,al?\gh widely introduc$ 9 o!r ,/ates besides ,new ,york1 f #ahcg to #ahgg1 x prov$ an admitt$ failure 9 all4 ,mu* public money1 rais$ by taxation ( ! p1 0 squ&]$ ^u sets ( books1 select$ by ,/ate au?ority1 & (t5 ( inf]ior int]e/ & utility4 ,f9ally1 x 0 recogniz$ t s*ool di/rict libr>ies 7 an evanesc5t dream1 & t t[n libr>ies mu/ take _! place4 ,?is in/ructive *apt] 9 ,libr>y hi/ory %[s an exp]i5ce by :i* mu* 0 le>n$1 ?\gh ! lesson 0 a co/ly "o4 ,! ,hi/orical libr>ies ( ! c\ntry are num]\s1 & "s ( ! l>g] ones are ri* 9 pr9t$ ,am]icana1 & 9 hi/orical manuscripts4 ,! olde/ is t ( ! ,massa*usetts ,hi/orical ,society1 f\nd$ 9 #agia1 & among ! mo/ ext5sive are ^? ( ! ,new ,york ,hi/orical ,society1 ,am]ican ,antiqu>ian ,society1 ! ,hi/orical ,society ( ,p5nsylvania1 ! ,new ,engl& ,hi/oric-g5ealogical ,society1 & ! ,wiscons9 ,/ate ,hi/orical ,society4 ,!re are no less ?an #bcj hi/orical societies 9 ! ,u4 ,s41 "s =ty ( :i* are ,/ate associations4 ,! ,m]cantile libr>ies are prop]ly a bran* ( ! propriet>y1 ?\gh dep5d+ mo/ly ^u annual subscriptions4 ,! e>lie/ ( ^! 0 ! ,bo/on ,m]cantile ,libr>y1 f\nd$ 9 #ahbj1 & foll[$ closely by ! ,new ,york ,m]cantile ! same ye>1 ! ,philadelphia 9 #ahba1 & ! ,c9c9nati ,m]cantile 9 #ahce4 ,next we h ! pr(essional libr>ies1 law1 m$ical1 sci5tific1 &1 9 sev]al cities1 !ological4 ,^! supply a want ( ea* ( ^! pr(essions seldom met by ! public collections1 & are proportionately valuable4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! mo/ rec5t plan = ! wide diffusion ( popul> books is ! travell+ libr>y4 ,?is orig9at$ 9 ,new ,york 9 #ahic1 :5 ! ,legislature emp[]$ ! ,reg5ts ( ! ,/ate ,univ]sity 7a body ( tru/ees hav+ *>ge ( all libr>y int]e/s 9 t ,/ate7 to s5d out selections ( books to any community )\t a libr>y1 on reque/ ( #be resid5t taxpay]s4 ,! results 7 mo/ b5eficial1 ! sole exp5se be+ five doll>s = ea* libr>y4 ,travell+ libr>ies1 7mo/ly ( fifty volumes ea*7 h be5 set on foot 9 ,massa*usetts1 ,mi*igan1 ,i[a1 ,wiscons91 ,p5nsylvania1 & o!r ,/ates1 &1 z ! sy/em appe>s capable ( indef9ite expansion1 great results are anticipat$ 9 ! direction ( ! public intellig5ce4 ,x is po9t$ out t :ile ! ,/ate1 by its free s*ool sy/em1 tra9s all ! p to read1 x %\ld n leave ! quality ( _! read+ to *ance or to utt] neglect1 :5 a few c5ts p] capita annually w\ld help !m to an education ( ine/imable value 9 aft] life4 ,"s objections1 on ! o!r h&1 h be5 urg$ to ! sy/em1 z introduc+ features ( pat]nalism into ,/ate gov]nm5t1 & tak+ out ( ! h&s ( individual g5]osity & local ef=t & ent]prise :at belongs prop]ly to su* ag5cies4 ,! vex$ "q ( ! prop] function & limitations ( ,/ate control 9 ! doma9 ( education _c "h be ent]$ ^u4 ,9 ! volume la/ publi%$ ( /ati/ics ( ,am]ican libr>ies1 t ( #ahig1 great progress 0 %[n 9 ! five ye>s s9ce #ahia4 ,! record ( libr>ies report$ 9 #ahif embrac$ #d1jbf collections1 be+ all :i* conta9$ ov] #a1jjj volumes ea*4 ,! increase 9 volumes 9 ! five ye>s 0 a little ov] sev5 millions1 ! aggregate ( ! #d1jbf libr>ies be+ #cc1jea1hgb volumes4 ,?is increase 0 ov] #bg p] c5t4 9 only five ye>s4 ,if ! good "w s spl5didly begun1 9 ,new ,engl&1 ,new ,york1 ,p5nsylvania1 & "s ( ! ,we/]n ,/ates1 9 e/abli%+ libr>ies ?r\gh public taxation & private munific5ce1 c only be ext5d$ 9 ! ,s\!rn & ,middle ,/ates1 ! c5tury n[ ab\t to dawn w witness an advance q z rem>kable z we h se5 9 ! latt] ye>s ( ! c5tury ab\t to close4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,,ms4 ,records ( ! ,virg9ia ,company1 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress4 ,,*apt] #af4 ,,libr>y ,,build+s ,,& ,,furni%+s4 ,proce$+ n[ to ! subject ( libr>y build+s1 read+-rooms1 & furni%+s1 x mu/ be rem>k$ at ! outset t v few rules c be laid d[n :i* are ( univ]sal application4 ,! ar*itectural plans1 ext]ior & int]ior1 ( su* great in/itutions z ! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 or ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y1 ) _! co/ly m>bles1 spl5did mural decorations1 & electric book-s]v+ ma*9]y1 af=d no model = ! libr>y build+ 9 ! c\ntry village4 ,:]e ! gov]nm5t ( a nation or a weal?y city has millions to devote = provid+ a magnific5t book-palace = its libr>y1 ! small] cities or t[ns h only a few ?\s&s4 ,s mu* ! m important is x1 t a ?or\ghly well-consid]$ plan = build+ %\ld be m>k$ out be=e beg9n+ to build1 t no doll>s %\ld be wa/$1 or co/ly alt]ations requir$1 9 ord] to fit ! int]ior = all ! uses ( a libr>y4 ,! ne$ ( ?is caution w be abundantly evid5t1 9 ! light ( ! unfit & inconv5i5t con/ructions se5 9 s _m public libr>ies1 all ov] ! c\ntry4 ,s g5]al has be5 ! want ( c>efully plann$ & well-execut$ /ructures = books1 t x may fairly be said t mi/akes h be5 ! rule1 & fit adaptation ! exception4 ,= tw5ty ye>s pa/1 at e meet+ ( ! ,am]ican ,libr>y ,association1 ! reports ^u libr>y build+s h deplor$ ! wa/e ( money 9 well-meant edifices design$ to accommodate ! libr>y s]vice1 b successful only 9 ob/ruct+ x4 ,ev5 9 s rec5t a con/ruction z ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y build+1 s _m defects & inconv5i5ces 7 f\nd aft] x 0 suppos$ to h be5 f9i%$1 t rooms _h to be torn out & re-con/ruct$ on ?ree floors1 :ile ! pneumatic tube sy/em _h be5 f\nd s noisy z to be a public nuisance1 & _h to be replac$ by a lat] improv$ con/ruction4 ,"o lead+ cause = ! mi/akes :i* are s pat5t 9 our libr>y build+s is t !y are n plann$ by libr>ians b ma9ly by ar*itects4 ,! libr>y au?orities commonly take x = grant$ t ! able ar*itect is ma/] ( 8 pr(ession1 & entru/ him ) ! :ole design1 leav+ out ( acc\nt ! libr>ian1 z a m]e subord9ate1 entitl$ only to second>y consid]ation4 ,! result is a plan :i* exhibits1 9 its prom95t features1 ! ar*itect's skill 9 effective pila/]s1 pill>s1 ar*itraves1 cornices1 & balu/rades1 :ile ! libr>y ap>tm5ts :i* ^! features ornam5t are plann$1 n = conv5i5t & rapid book-s]vice1 b ma9ly = %[4 ,x is ! int]e/ ( ar*itects to magnify _! pr(ession3 & z none ( !m has ev] be51 or ev] w be a libr>ian1 !y _c be expect$ to c>ry into effect unaid$1 :at !y h nev] le>n$2 namely1 ! int]ior arrangem5ts :i* w be/ meet ! utilities ( ! libr>y s]vice4 ,"h is :]e ! libr>ian's practical exp]i5ce1 or 8 obs]vation ( ! successes or failures 9 ! read+-room & deliv]y s]vice ( o!r libr>ies1 %\ld imp]atively be call$ 94 ,let him demon/rate to ! gov]n+ bo>d t he kn[s :at is ne$$ = prompt & economical adm9i/ration1 & !y w he$ 8 judgm5t1 if !y are reasonable m54 ,:ile x belongs to ! ar*itect to plan1 accord+ to 8 own ideas1 ! outside ( ! build+1 ! inside %\ld be plann$ by ! ar*itect 9 direct conc]t ) ! libr>ian1 9 all save m]ely ornam5tal or f9i%+ "w4 ,we d n erect a build+ & !n det]m9e :e!r x is to be a s*ool h\se or a *ur*3 x is plann$ f ! />t ) /rict ref]5ce to ! utilities involv$2 & s %\ld x always be ) a libr>y4 ,9 treat+ ?is subject1 ,i %all n occupy space 9 outl9+ ! prop] s*eme ( build+ & int]ior arrangem5t = a great libr>y1 ) its _m di/9ct dep>tm5ts1 = su* in/itutions are ! exceptions1 :ile mo/ libr>ies come )9 ! rule ( v mod]ate size1 & comp>atively inexp5sive equipm5t4 ,! fir/ requisite = a public libr>y1 !n1 is a good location4 ,x is important t ?is %\ld be c5tral1 b x is equally important t ! build+ %\ld be isolat$--t is1 ) prop] op5 space on all sides1 & n locat$ 9 a block ) o!r build+s4 ,_m libr>ies h be5 de/roy$ or s]i\sly damag$ by fire orig9at+ 9 neighbor+ build+s1 or 9 o!r ap>tm5ts 9 ! same build+2 :ile fires 9 sep>ate libr>y build+s h be5 extremely r>e4 ,x w\ld be a wise provision to secure a libr>y lot suffici5tly l>ge 9 area to admit ( fur!r additions to ! build+1 bo? 9 ! re> & at ! side2 & ) slight addition to ! co/1 ! walls & _! supports may be s plann$ z to admit ( ?is4 ,committees are seldom will+ to incur ! exp5se ( an edifice l>ge en\gh to provide = v prolong$ gr[? ( _! collection2 & ! result is t ! c\ntry is full ( ov]cr[d$ libr>ies1 )\t money to build1 & prev5t$ f exp&+ on ! spot because no =esight 0 ex]cis$ 9 ! orig9al con/ruction or l& pur*ase1 to provide = ready increase ( space by wid5+ out1 & remov+ an out] wall s z to connect ! old build+ ) ! new addition4 ,if a libr>y has #aj1jjj volumes1 x w\ld be v %ort-sight$ policy to plan an edifice to conta9 less ?an #dj1jjj1 :i* x is likely to rea* 9 f t5 to =ty ye>s4 ,! next requisite to a c5tral & suffici5t site is t ! location mu/ be dry & airy4 ,any l[ site1 especially 9 riv] t[ns1 w be damp1 & among ! enemies ( books1 moi/ure holds a =emo/ place4 ,next1 ! site %\ld af=d light on all sides1 & if necess>y to place x ne> any ?or\ghf>e1 x %\ld be set back s z to af=d ample light & v5tilation 9 front4 ,x ne$ h>dly be said t e libr>y build+ %\ld be fire-pro(1 aft] ! _m co/ly lessons we h _h ( ! burn+ ( public libr>ies at home & abroad4 ,! mat]ial = ! outside walls may be brick or /one1 accord+ to ta/e or relative co/4 ,brick is good en\gh1 & if ( ! be/ quality1 & treat$ ) /one trimm+s1 is capable ( suffici5tly ornate effects1 & is q z durable z any granite or m>ble4 ,no temptation ( *eapness %\ld ev] be all[$ to introduce wood 9 any "p ( ! con/ruction3 walls1 floors1 & ro( %\ld be only ( brick1 /one1 iron1 or slate4 ,a wood5 ro( is no?+ b a t9d]-box t invites ! flames4 ,9 g5]al1 two /ories is a suffici5t height = libr>y build+s1 except 9 ^? ( ! l>ge/ class1 & ! upp] floors may be amply light$ by sky-lights4 ,! side-lights c h>dly be too num]\s3 yet ,i h se5 libr>y build+s runn+ back f a /reet fifty to sev5ty-five feet1 )\t a s+le w9d[ 9 ei!r ( ! side walls4 ,! result 0 to ?r[ all ! books on %elves into a gloomy %ade = _m h\rs ( ea* day4 ,! int]ior con/ruction %\ld be s manag$ z to effect ! f9d+ & deliv]y ( books to read]s ) ! greate/ possible economy ( "t & space4 ,no %elves %\ld be plac$ high] ?an c be rea*$ by h& )\t m\nt+ ^u any /eps or ladd]s2 i4 e41 sev5 to sev5 & a half feet4 ,! sy/em ( %elv+ %\ld all be con/ruct$ ( iron or /eel1 in/ead ( surr\nd+ ! books on ?ree sides ) combu/ible wood1 z is done 9 mo/ libr>ies4 ,%elves ( oxidiz$ metal w be f\nd smoo? en\gh to prev5t any abrasion ( b9d+s4 ,%elves %\ld be easily adju/able to any height1 to accommodate ! v>i\s sizes ( books4 ,9 calculat+ %elf capacity1 "o & a half in*es ?ickness a volume is a fair av]age1 s t ea* hundr$ volumes w\ld require ab\t ?irte5 feet ( l9e> %elf measurem5t4 ,! space betwe5 uprights1 t is1 ! l5g? ( ea* %elf1 %\ld n exce$ two & a half feet4 ,all spaces betwe5 %elves %\ld be #aj or #aa in*es high1 to accommodate l>ge octavos indiscrim9ately ) small] sizes2 & a base %elf = qu>tos & folios1 at a prop] height f ! floor1 w re/rict ! numb] ( %elves to six 9 ea* ti]4 ,9 ! arrangem5t ( ! cases or book-/acks1 ! mo/ economical me?od is to place book-cases ( d\ble face1 n less ?an ?ree feet ap>t1 approa*$ by aisles on ei!r side1 s z to af=d free passage = two p]sons meet+ or pass+ "o ano!r4 ,! cases may be ab\t t5 feet ea* 9 l5g?4 ,!re %\ld be electric lights betwe5 all cases1 to be turn$ on only :5 books are s\ght4 ,! cases %\ld be set at "r angles to ! wall1 two or ?ree feet f x1 ) ! light f abundant w9d[s com+ 9 betwe5 !m4 ,! wid? ( %elves may be f #af to #ah in*es 9 ^! d\ble cases1 ?us giv+ ab\t eight to n9e in*es dep? to ea* side4 ,no p>tition is requir$ betwe5 ! two sides4 ,x %\ld be /at$ t ! light obta9$ f w9d[s1 :5 ?r[n m ?an tw5ty feet1 among cases ( books on %elves1 becomes too feeble = effective use 9 f9d+ books4 ,?is fact %\ld be consid]$ 9 advance1 :ile plans ( con/ruction1 light+1 & int]ior arrangem5t are be+ made4 ,all exp]i5ce has %[n t too mu* light _c be _h 9 any public libr>y4 ,rail+s & /air-cases = ! second or upp] floors %\ld be ( p]=at$ iron4 ,! read+-room %\ld be di/9ct f ! book deliv]y or *>g+-room1 to secure quiet = read]s at all h\rs1 avoid+ ! pressure1 hurry & noise ( conv]sation inevitable 9 a l5d+ libr>y or dep>tm5t4 ,9 ! read+-room %\ld be %elv$ a lib]al supply ( books ( ref]5ce1 & bibliographies1 op5 )\t tickets to ! read]s4 ,next ! c5tral desk !re %\ld be %elves = ! deposit ( books res]v$ day by day = ! use ( read]s4 ,! libr>y *airs1 ( :atev] patt]n may be pref]r$1 %\ld always comb9e ! two requisites ( /r5g? & lightness4 ,! floor %\ld be cov]$ ) l9oleum1 or "s simil> floor cov]+1 to dead5 s\nd4 ,wool5 c>pets1 ^? p]5nial bre$]s ( du/1 are an abom9ation4 ,9 a libr>y read+-room ( any consid]able size1 ea* read] %\ld be provid$ ) table or desk room1 n flat b slop+ at a mod]ate angle1 & all[+ ab\t ?ree feet ( space = ea* read]4 ,^! appliances = /udy ne$ n be s+le pieces ( furniture1 b made 9 sections to accommodate f ?ree to six read]s at ea*4 ,ab\t ?irty in*es f ! floor is a prop] height4 ,= l>ge diction>ies1 atlases1 or o!r bulky volumes1 ! adju/able revolv+ case1 m\nt$ on a p$e/al1 %\ld be us$4 ,= mov+ any l>ge numb] ( volumes ab\t ! libr>y1 book-trucks or b>r[s1 ) noiseless rubb] :eels1 are requir$4 ,e libr>y w ne$ "o or m catalogue cases to hold ! alphabetical c>d catalogue4 ,^! are made ) a maximum ( skill by ! ,libr>y ,bureau1 ,bo/on4 ,! location ( ! issue-c\nt] or desk is ( c>d9al importance4 ,x %\ld be locat$ ne> ! c5tre ( ! sy/em ( book-cases1 or ne> ! entrance to ! /ack1 s z to m9imize ! "t consum$ 9 collect+ ! books want$4 ,x %\ld also h a full supply ( light1 & ?is may be secur$ by a location directly 9 front ( a l>ge side w9d[4 ,read]s are impati5t ( delay1 & ! f>!r ! books are f ! issue-c\nt] ! long] !y w h to wait = !m4 ,among mod]n designs = libr>ies1 t ( ,dr4 ,w4 ,f4 ,poole1 adapt$ = ! ,newb]ry ,libr>y1 ,*icago1 is notable = divid+ ! libr>y into _m dep>tm5ts or sep>ate rooms1 ! book %elves occupy+ "o half ! height ( ea*1 or #g feet out ( #ae1 ! rema9+ space be+ occupi$ by w9d[s4 ,?is con/ruction1 ( c\rse1 does n furni% z compact /orage = books z ! /ack sy/em4 ,x is claim$ to possess ! advantage ( extraord9>ily good light1 & ( aid+ ! rese>*es ( read]s4 ,b x has ! disadvantage ( requir+ read]s to visit widely sep>at$ rooms to pursue /udies involv+ sev]al subjects1 & ( m\nt+ 9 elevators to rea* "s dep>tm5ts4 ,a sy/em :i* br+s ! books to ! read]1 in/ead ( ! read]s travell+ aft] ! books1 w\ld appe> to be m practically useful to ! public1 ) :om "t is ( c>d9al importance4 ,9 all libr>ies1 !re %\ld be a receiv+ or pack+ room1 :]e boxes & p>cels ( books are op5$ & books m5d$1 collat$1 & prep>$ = ! %elves4 ,?is room may well be 9 a dry & well light$ basem5t4 ,two small cloak-rooms = wraps w be ne$$1 "o = ea* sex4 ,two toilet rooms or lavatories %\ld be provid$4 ,a room = ! libr>y directors or tru/ees1 & "o = ! libr>ian1 are ess5tial 9 libr>ies ( mu* ext5t4 ,a janitor's room or sleep+ qu>t]s sometimes ne$s to be provid$4 ,a /orage room = blanks1 /ation]y1 catalogues1 etc41 w be necess>y 9 libr>ies ( mu* ext5t4 ,a p]iodical room is sometimes provid$1 di/9ct f ! read+-room or ! deliv]y dep>tm5t4 ,9 ?is case1 if sev]al hundr$ p]iodicals are tak51 an att5dant %\ld be always pres5t to s]ve !m to read]s1 f ! %elves or cases :]e !y %\ld be kept 9 alphabetical ord]4 ,)\t ?is1 & a ticket sy/em to keep track ( :at are 9 use1 no "o c readily f9d :at is ne$$1 nor asc]ta9 :e!r x is 9 a read]'s h&s :5 s\ght =4 ,sy/em & ! alphabet alone w solve all difficulties4 ,z to ! space requir$ = read]s 9 a p]iodical room1 x may be assum$ t ab\t five hundr$ squ>e feet w accommodate tw5ty-five read]s1 & ! same proportion = a l>g] numb] at "o "t4 ,a room tw5ty-five by =ty w\ld seat fifty read]s1 :ile "o tw5ty-five by tw5ty w\ld accommodate tw5ty-five read]s1 ) prop] space = tables1 c4 ,! files = newspap]s are ref]r$ to 9 ano!r *apt] on p]iodicals4 ,9 a libr>y build+1 ! heat+ & v5tilation are ( prime importance4 ,^u _! prop] regulation l>gely dep5ds ! heal? & consequ5tly ! effici5cy ( all employ$1 z well z ! com=t ( ! read+ public4 ,!re is no space to ent] ^u specific descriptions1 = :i* ! _m conflict+ sy/ems1 ) exp]i5ce ( _! practical work+1 %\ld be exam9$4 ,suffice x to say 9 g5]al1 t a temp]ature n f> bel[ nor above #gj degrees ,fahr5heit %\ld be aim$ at2 t ! furnace1 ) its att5dant nuisances ( noise1 du/1 & odors1 %\ld be outside ! libr>y build+--n "u x2 & t electric light+ alone %\ld be us$1 gas be+ highly injuri\s to ! welf>e ( books4 ,9 calculat+ ! space requir$ = books %elv$ z has be5 h]et(ore sugge/$1 x may be approximately /at$ t e "o ?\s& volumes w require at lea/ eighty to "o hundr$ squ>e feet ( floor measurem5t4 ,?us1 a libr>y ( #aj1jjj volumes w\ld occupy an area ( ne>ly "o ?\s& squ>e feet4 ,b x is necess>y to provide also = ! cont9ual gr[? ( ! collection4 ,to d ?is1 exp]i5ce %[s t 9 any fl\ri%+ public libr>y1 space %\ld be res]v$ = ?ree or f\r times ! numb] ( volumes 9 actual possession4 ,if rooms are hir$ = ! books1 because ( inability to build1 ! libr>y %\ld be s arrang$ z to leave ea* alt]nate %elf vacant = additions1 or1 9 ! m rapidly gr[+ divisions1 a /ill great] space4 ,?is w p]mit accessions to be %elv$ ) _! relat$ books1 )\t ! tr\ble ( frequ5tly mov+ & re-arrang+ l>ge divisions ( ! libr>y4 ,?is latt] is a v labori\s process1 & %\ld be resort$ to only "u compulsion4 ,! prev5tive rem$y1 ( mak+ sure ( space 9 advance1 by leav+ a suffici5cy ( unoccupi$ %elves 9 e division ( ! libr>y1 is ! true "o4 ,9 "s libr>ies1 a sep>ate read+-room = ladies is provid$4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,f4 ,poole records t 9 ,c9c9nati su* a room 0 op5$ at ! in/ance ( ! libr>y directors4 ,! result 0 t ! ladies made x a k9d ( social r5dezv\s1 :]e !y talk$ ov] society matt]s1 & exhibit$ ! b>ga9s made 9 _! %opp+ excursions4 ,ladies :o came to /udy pref]r$ ! g5]al read+ room1 :]e !y f\nd e com=t among well conduct$ g5tlem51 & ! ladies' read+-room 0 ab&on$1 z n fulfill+ its object4 ,! same exp]im5t 9 ! ,*icago ,public ,libr>y _h ! same result4 ,"s libr>ies 9 ! l>g] t[ns provide a special read+-room = *ildr52 & ?is accompli%es a two-fold object1 namely1 to keep ! public read+-room free f flocks ( little p 9 pursuit ( books "u difficulties1 & to furni% ! boys & girls ) accommodations ( _! own4 ,x may be sugge/$ z an objection1 t ! divid+ l9e z to age is difficult to be drawn3 b let ea* applicant be que/ion$1 & if fall+ bel[ twelve1 or fifte51 or :atev] ! age limit may be1 direct$ to ! juv5ile read+-room1 & !re ne$ be no tr\ble4 ,( c\rse !re w be "s q "y read]s :o are gift$ ) intellig5ce beyond _! ye>s1 & :o may dislike to be reckon$ z *ildr52 b libr>y rules are n made to suit exceptions1 b = ! av]age2 & z no book ne$ be refus$ to any applicant 9 ! juv5ile dep>tm5t1 no j cause ( compla9t c arise4 ,9 "s libr>ies1 & ^? usually ( ! l>g] size1 an art room is provid$1 :]e /ud5ts ( works on pa9t+1 sculpture1 & ! decorative arts c g1 & h ab\t !m :atev] treasures ! libr>y may conta9 9 t attractive field4 ,! advantages ( ?is provision are1 fir/1 to save ! necessity ( h&l+ & c>ry+ s _m heavy volumes ( gall]ies ( art & illu/rat$ books to ! g5]al read+-room1 & back aga91 & secondly1 to enable ^? 9 *>ge ( ! art dep>tm5t to ex]cise m /rict sup]vision 9 en=c+ c>eful & cleanly treatm5t ( ! f9e/ books 9 ! libr>y1 ?an c be ma9ta9$ 9 ! miscellane\s cr[d ( read]s 9 ! ma9 read+-room4 ,! objections to x conc]n ! g5]al want ( room to set ap>t = ?is purpose1 & ! desirability ( conc5trat+ ! use ( books 9 "o ma9 hall or read+-room4 ,circum/ances & exp]i5ce %\ld det]m9e ! "q = ea* libr>y4 ,"s public libr>ies1 & especially ^? con/ruct$ 9 rec5t ye>s1 are provid$ ) a lecture-hall1 or a l>ge room = public meet+s1 conc]ts1 or occasionally1 ev5 an op]a-h\se1 9 ! same build+ ) ! libr>y4 ,!re are "s excell5t argum5ts 9 favor ( ?is2 & especially :]e a public b5efactor donates to a city a build+ :i* comb9es bo? uses4 ,! build+ giv5 by ,mr4 ,&rew ,c>negie to ! ,public ,libr>y ( ,wa%+ton w be provid$ ) a small hall suit$ to meet+s1 c4 ,b 9 all cases1 su* a public hall %\ld be s isolat$ f ! libr>y read+-room z n to annoy read]s1 to :om quiet is ess5tial4 ,?is end c be effect$ by hav+ ! int]v5+ walls & floors s con/ruct$ z completely to dead5 s\nd4 ,a :olly di/9ct entrance %\ld also be provid$1 n communicat+ ) ! doors & passages lead+ to ! libr>y4 ,comp>isons are sometimes made z to ! relative co/ ( libr>y build+s to ! numb] ( volumes !y are design$ to accommodate2 b su* e/imates are mislead+4 ,! co/ ( an edifice 9 :i* ar*itectural beauty & int]ior decoration concur to make x a p]man5t ornam5t to a city or t[n1 ne$ n be *>g$ up at s mu* p] volume4 ,build+s = libr>ies h co/ all ! way f tw5ty-five c5ts up to #d4 = ea* volume /or$4 ,! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 :i* co/ six million doll>s1 & w ultimately accommodate #d1ejj1jjj volumes1 co/ ab\t #a4cf p] volume4 ,b x conta9s besides books1 "s half a million musical compositions1 works ( graphic art1 maps & *>ts1 etc4 ,! comp>ative co/ ( "s libr>y build+s erect$ 9 rec5t ye>s1 ) ultimate capacity ( ea*1 may be ( int]e/4 ,kansas ,city ,public ,libr>y1 #acbadd1 #abe1jjj vols41 #bjj1jjj4 ,new>k1 ,n4 ,j4 ,free ,libr>y1 #achbaf1 #djj1jjj vols41 #ahh1jjj4 ,=bes ,libr>y1 ,nor?ampton1 ,mass4 7granite71 #ajgacg1 #bej1jjj vols41 #acd1jjj4 ,fall ,riv]1 ,ms4 ,libr>y1 #hjacj1 #bej1jjj vols41 #ajj1jjj4 ,peoria1 ,ill4 ,public ,libr>y 7brick71 #gface1 #gj1jjj4 ,smiley ,memorial ,libr>y1 ,r$l&s1 ,cal4 7brick71 #ifajj1 #ej1jjj4 ,reub5 ,ho> ,libr>y1 ,littleton1 ,mass4 7brick71 #ejeg1 #be1jjj vols41 #be1jjj4 ,rog]s ,memorial ,libr>y1 ,s\?wor?1 ,n4 ,y4 #gjajj1 #bj1jjj vols41 #bj1jjj4 ,belfa/ 7,me47 ,free ,libr>y 7granite71 #bged1 #aj1jjj4 ,gail-,bord5 ,public ,libr>y1 ,elg91 ,ill4 7brick71 #bheb1 #i1jjj4 ,w>wick1 ,mass4 ,public ,libr>y 7wood71 #defj1 #e1jjj vols41 #e1jjj4 ,! l>gely increas$ numb] ( public libr>y build+s erect$ 9 rec5t ye>s is a mo/ *e]+ sign ( ! times4 ,s9ce #ahie1 elev5 ext5sive new libr>y build+s h be5 op5$3 namely1 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y1 ! ,pratt ,in/itute ,libr>y1 ,brooklyn1 ! ,columbia ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 ,new ,york1 ! ,pr9ceton1 ,n4 ,j4 ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 ! ,h>t ,memorial ,libr>y1 ( ,troy1 ,n4 ,y41 ! ,c>negie ,libr>y1 ,pittsburgh1 ! ,*icago ,public ,libr>y1 ! ,peoria1 ,ill4 ,public ,libr>y1 ! ,kansas ,city1 ,mo4 ,public ,libr>y1 & ! ,omaha1 ,neb4 ,public ,libr>y4 ,& !re are provid$ = eight m public libr>y build+s1 co/+ m ?an #ajj1jjj ea*2 namely1 ! ,provid5ce1 ,r4 ,i4 ,public ,libr>y1 ! ,lynn1 ,mass4 ,public ,libr>y1 ! ,fall ,riv]1 ,mass4 ,public ,libr>y1 ! ,new>k1 ,n4 ,j4 ,free ,public ,libr>y1 ! ,milwaukee1 ,wis4 ,public ,libr>y & ,museum1 ! ,wiscons9 ,/ate ,hi/orical ,society ,libr>y1 ,madison1 ! ,new ,york ,public ,libr>y1 & ! ,j]sey ,city ,public ,libr>y4 ,to ^! w be add$ )9 ! ye> #aijj1 z is confid5tly expect$1 ! ,wa%+ton ,city ,public ,libr>y1 ! gift ( ,&rew ,c>negie1 to co/ #cjj1jjj4 ,no philan?ropi/ c ev] f9d a nobl] object = 8 =tune1 or a m endur+ monum5t to 8 memory1 ?an ! f\nd+ ( a free public libr>y4 ,! ye> #ahii has witness$ a new gift by ,mr4 ,c>negie ( a "o hundr$ ?\s& doll> libr>y to ,atlanta1 ! ,capital ( ,georgia1 on condition t ! city w provide a site1 & #e1jjj a ye> = ! ma9t5ance ( ! libr>y4 ,cities 9 ! ea/ are emulat+ "o ano!r 9 provid+ public libr>y build+s ( great] or less co/4 ,if ! t[n libr>y _c h magnific5ce1 x ne$ n h meanness4 ,a competition among ar*itects select$ to submit plans is becom+ ! favorite me?od ( prep>+ to build4 ,five ( ! m ext5sive libr>ies h secur$ competitive plans ( late f :i* to select--namely1 ! ,new ,york ,public ,libr>y1 ! ,j]sey ,city ,public ,libr>y1 ! ,new>k ,free ,public ,libr>y1 ! ,lynn ,public ,libr>y1 & ! ,phoebe ,he>/ build+ = ! ,univ]sity ( ,cali=nia1 :i* is to be plann$ = a libr>y ( #gej1jjj volumes4 ,x is gratify+ to add t 9 sev]al rec5t provisions made = erect+ l>ge & important /ructures1 ! libr>ian 0 made a memb] ( ! build+ committee--i4 e41 9 ! ,new ,york ,public ,libr>y1 ! ,new>k ,free ,public ,libr>y1 & ! ,lynn ,public ,libr>y4 ,,*apt] #ag4 ,,libr>y ,,manag]s ,,or ,,tru/ees4 ,we n[ come to consid] ! managem5t ( libr>ies z entru/$ to bo>ds ( directors1 tru/ees or libr>y manag]s4 ,^! relations h a mo/ intimate be>+ ^u ! f\ndation1 ! progress & ! consequ5t success ( any libr>y4 ,:]e a lib]al intellig5ce & a he>ty cop]ation are f\nd 9 ^? con/itut+ ! libr>y bo>d1 ! affairs ( ! in/itution w be manag$ ) ! be/ results4 ,:]e a n>r[-m9d$ & dictatorial _s is manife/$1 ev5 by a portion ( ^? sup]vis+ a public libr>y1 x w require a l>ge end[m5t bo? ( pati5ce & ( tact 9 ! libr>ian1 to accompli% ^? aims :i* involve ! highe/ usefulness4 ,bo>ds ( libr>y tru/ees v>y 9 numb]1 usually f ?ree to n9e or m4 ,a bo>d ( ?ree or five is f\nd 9 practice m active & effici5t ?an a l>g] numb]4 ,! zeal & responsibility felt is apt to dim9i% 9 direct proportion to ! increas$ numb]s ( ! bo>d4 ,an odd numb] is pref]able1 to avoid an equal division ( op9ion ^u any "q to be det]m9$4 ,9 t[n or city libr>ies1 ! mode ( selection ( libr>y tru/ees v>ies mu*4 ,sometimes ! mayor appo9ts ! libr>y bo>d1 sometimes !y are *os5 by ! city c\ncil1 & sometimes elect$ by ! p1 at ! annual selection ( s*ool or municipal (fic]s4 ,! t]m ( s]vice 7mo/ usually ?ree ye>s7 %\ld be s arrang$ t retirem5t ( any memb]s %\ld always leave two at lea/ :o h _h exp]i5ce on ! bo>d4 ,libr>y tru/ees s]ve )\t sal>y1 ! high honor ( s s]v+ ! public c\nt+ = mu*4 ,! libr>ian is (t5 made secret>y ( ! tru/ees1 & !n he keeps ! record ( _! transactions4 ,he %\ld nev] be made treasur] ( ! libr>y funds1 :i* w\ld involve labor & responsibility incompatible ) ! manifold duties ( ! sup]9t5d5t ( a libr>y4 ,9 case ( a libr>y support$ by municipal taxation1 ! t[n treasur] may well s]ve z libr>y treasur] also1 or ! tru/ees c *oose "o f _! own bo>d4 ,! libr>ian1 h[ev]1 %\ld be emp[]$ to collect book f9es or o!r dues1 to be deposit$ ) ! treasur] at regul> int]vals1 & he %\ld h a small fund at disposal = su* petty libr>y exp5ses z con/antly arise4 ,all bills = books & o!r pur*ases1 & all sal>ies ( p]sons employ$ 9 ! libr>y %\ld be paid by ! treasur]4 ,! meet+s ( ! tru/ees %\ld be att5d$ by ! libr>ian1 :o mu/ always be ready to supply all in=mation z to ! work+s ( ! libr>y1 ! ne$s = books1 etc4 ,frequ5tly ! tru/ees divide up ! bus9ess be=e !m1 appo9t+ sub-committees on book selections1 on libr>y f9ances1 on adm9i/ration1 furni%+s1 c41 ) a view to prompt action4 ,if a libr>y receives end[m5ts1 money gifts or legacies1 !y are held & adm9i/]$ by ! tru/ees z a body corporate1 ! same z ! funds annually appropriat$ = libr>y ma9t5ance & increase4 ,_! annual report to ! c\ncil1 or municipal au?orities1 %\ld exhibit ! am\nt ( money receiv$ f all s\rces 9 detail1 & ! am\nt exp5d$ = all purposes1 9 detail2 also1 ! numb] ( books pur*as$ 9 ! ye>1 ! aggregate ( volumes 9 ! libr>y1 ! numb] ( read]s1 & o!r facts ( g5]al int]e/4 ,all acc\nts aga9/ ! libr>y are fir/ audit$ by ! prop] sub-committee1 & paym5t ord]$ by ! full bo>d1 by ord] on ! treasur]4 ,! acc\nts = all ^! exp5ditures %\ld be kept by ! treasur]1 :o %\ld in=m ! libr>ian p]iodically z to balances4 ,! selection ( books = a public libr>y is a delicate & responsible duty1 involv+ wid] lit]>y & sci5tific k ?an falls to ! lot ( mo/ tru/ees ( libr>ies4 ,!re are sometimes specially qualifi$ pr(essional m5 or widely read s*ol>s on su* bo>ds1 ^: s]vices 9 recruit+ ! libr>y are ( great value4 ,m frequ5tly !re are "o or m m5 ) hobbies1 :o w\ld sp5d ! libr>y funds mu* too freely ^u a class ( books ( no g5]al int]e/4 ,?us1 "o tru/ee :o plays golf may urge ! pur*ase ( all ! v>i\s books ^u t game1 :5 "o or at mo/ two ( ! be/ %\ld supply all ne$ful dem&s4 ,ano!r may want to add to ! libr>y ab\t all ! publi%$ books on ! horse2 ano!r1 :o is a physician1 may recomm5d add+ a lot ( m$ical books to ! collection1 utt]ly useless to ! g5]al read]4 ,bew>e ( ! man :o has a hobby1 ei!r z libr>ian or z libr>y tru/ee2 he w aim to exp5d too mu* money on books :i* suit 8 own ta/e1 b :i* h little g5]al utility4 ,two mis*iefs result f su* a c\rse3 ! libr>y gets books :i* v few p read1 & its funds are div]t$ f buy+ _m books t may be ( prime importance4 ,tru/ees1 al?\gh usually1 7at lea/ ! majority ( !m7 p]sons ( culture & intellig5ce1 _c be expect$ to be bibliograph]s1 nor to be famili> ) ! great range ( new books t cont9ually p\r f ! press4 ,!y h _! own bus9ess or pr(ession to engage !m1 & are commonly f> too busy to /udy catalogues1 or to foll[ ! j\rnals ( ! publi%+ _w4 ,s ^! busy m51 *>g$ ) ! ov]sight ( ! libr>y int]e/s1 call to _! aid an exp]t1 & t exp]t is ! libr>ian4 ,x is 8 int]e/ & 8 bus9ess to "k f> m ?an !y d bo? ( :at ! libr>y already conta9s1 & :at x mo/ ne$s4 ,x is 8 to p]use ! critical j\rnals & reviews1 z well z ! lit]>y notices ( ! select daily press1 & to be prep>$ to recomm5d :at works to pur*ase4 ,he mu/ always accompany 8 li/s ( wants ) ! prices1 or at lea/ ! approximate co/ ( ea*1 & ! aggregate am\nt4 ,if ! tru/ees or book committee ?9k ! sum too l>ge to be vot$ at any "o "t f ! fund at _! disposal1 ! libr>ian mu/ "k :at c be/ be po/pon$1 z well z :at is mo/ indisp5sable = ! imm$iate wants ( ! libr>y4 ,if !y object to any works on ! li/1 he %\ld be prep>$ to expla9 ! quality & "* ( ^? call$ 9 "q1 & :y ! libr>y1 9 8 judgm5t1 %\ld possess !m4 ,if ! li/ is l>gely cut d[n1 & he consid]s himself h>dly us$1 he %\ld meet ! disappo9tm5t ) entire good humor1 & try aga9 :5 ! memb]s ( ! committee are 9 bett] mood1 or funds 9 bett] supply4 ,x is v cu/om>y = bo>ds ( libr>y (fic]s to assume ! *>ge ( ! adm9i/ration s f> z reg>ds ! libr>y /aff1 & to make appo9tm5ts1 promotions or removals at _! own pleasure4 ,9 mo/ libr>ies1 h[ev]1 ?is p[] is ex]cis$ ma9ly on ! advice or selection ( ! libr>ian1 8 action be+ confirm$ :5 !re is no s]i\s objection4 ,9 /ill o!r cases1 ! libr>ian is left :olly free to *oose ! assi/ants4 ,?is is p]haps ! c\rse mo/ likely to secure effici5t s]vice1 s9ce 8 judgm5t1 if he is a p]son ( tri$ capacity & mature exp]i5ce1 w lead to ! selection ( ! fitte/ c&idates1 = ! "w :i* he alone ?or\ghly kn[s4 ,no libr>y tru/ee c put himself fully 9 ! place ( a libr>ian1 & see = himself ! multitude ( occasions aris+ 9 ! daily "w ( ! libr>y1 :]e promptness1 tact1 & wide k ( books w make a success1 & ! want ( any ( ^! qualities a failure4 ,/ill less c he judge ! compet5cy or incompet5cy ( "o :o is to be employ$ 9 ! difficult & exact "w ( catalogu+ books4 ,besides1 !re is always ! haz>d t tru/ees1 or "s ( !m1 may h p]sonal favorites or relatives to pref]1 & w use _! influ5ce to secure ! appo9tm5t or promotion ( utt]ly un9/ruct$ p]sons1 9 place ( su* c&idates z are kn[n to ! libr>ian to be be/ qualifi$4 ,9 no case %\ld any p]son be employ$ )\t full exam9ation z to fitness = libr>y "w1 conduct$ ei!r by ! libr>ian1 or by a committee ( :i* ! libr>ian is a memb] or *ief exam9]4 ,a probation>y trial %\ld also foll[ be=e f9al appo9tm5t4 ,! p[] ( patronage1 if un*eck$ by ?is safegu>d1 w result 9 fill+ any libr>y ) incompet5ts1 to ! s]i\s detrim5t ( ! s]vice on :i* its usefulness dep5ds4 ,! libr>ian _c keep a tra9+ s*ool = inexp]ts3 he has no "t = ?is1 & he indisp5sably ne$s & %\ld h assi/ants :o are compet5t to _! duties1 f _! fir/ entrance ^u !m4 ,z he is held responsible = all results1 9 ! conduct ( ! libr>y1 bo? by ! tru/ees & by ! public1 he %\ld h ! p[]1 or at lea/ ! approximate p[]1 to select ! means by :i* ^? results are to be atta9$4 ,9 ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y1 all appo9tm5ts are made by ! tru/ees ^u nom9ation by ! libr>ian1 aft] an exam9ation some:at simil> to t ( ! civil s]vice1 b by a bo>d ( libr>y exp]ts4 ,9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y1 ! selection & promotion ( memb]s ( ! /aff are pass$ ^u by ! tru/ees1 hav+ ! recomm5dation ( ! pr9cipal libr>ian be=e !m4 ,9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 appo9tm5ts are made directly by ! libr>ian aft] a probation>y trial1 ) previ\s exam9ation z to education1 =m] exp]i5ce or employm5ts1 atta9m5ts1 & fitness = libr>y s]vice4 ,9 small] libr>ies1 bo? 9 ?is c\ntry & abroad1 a great div]sity ( usage prevails4 ,in/ances are r>e 9 :i* ! libr>ian has ! uncontroll$ p[] ( appo9tm5t1 promotion & removal4 ,! requirem5t ( exam9ations to te/ ! fitness ( c&idates is ext5d+1 & s9ce ! e/abli%m5t ( five or six p]man5t s*ools ( libr>y sci5ce 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ) _! graduates well equipp$ = libr>y "w1 !re is no long] any excuse = putt+ novices 9 *>ge ( libr>ies--in/itutions :]e wide k & ?or\gh tra9+ are m indisp5sable ?an 9 any o!r pr(ession :atev]4 ,9 ,/ate libr>ies1 no uni=mity prevails z to control4 ,9 "s ,/ates1 ! gov]nor has ! appo9tm5t ( ! libr>ian1 :ile 9 o!rs1 he is an elective (fic]1 ! ,/ate ,legislature be+ ! electors4 ,z gov]nors r>ely cont9ue 9 (fice long] ?an two or ?ree ye>s1 ! t5ure ( a libr>ian "u !m is prec>i\s1 & a mo/ valuable (fic] may at any "t be sup]s$$ by ano!r :o w\ld h to le>n all t ! o!r kn[s4 ,! result is r>ely favorable to ! effici5t adm9i/ration ( ! libr>y4 ,9 a bus9ess absolutely dem&+ ! v l>ge/ compass ( lit]>y & sci5tific k1 frequ5t rotation 9 (fice is cle>ly out ( place4 ,9 a public or ,/ate libr>y1 e add$ ye> ( exp]i5ce adds incalculably to ! value ( a libr>ian's s]vices1 provid$ he is ( active habits1 & full ( zeal to make 8 acquir$ k con/antly useful to ^? :o use ! libr>y4 ,p>tizan politics1 ) _! frequ5t *anges1 if suff]$ to displace a tri$ libr>ian & /aff1 w be sure to defeat ! highe/ usefulness ( any libr>y4 ,:at c a political appo9tee1 a man totally )\t ei!r libr>y tra9+ or libr>y exp]i5ce1 d ) ! tools ( :i* he has nev] le>n$ ! use8 ,x w take him ye>s to le>n1 & by ! "t he has le>n$1 "s o!r political p>ty com+ upp]mo/ w probably displace him1 to make room = ano!r novice1 on ! pr9ciple t to ! victors belong ! spoils ( (fice4 ,mean:ile1 ! hungry %eep look up & are n f$1 z ,milton s+s--t is1 read]s are depriv$ ( exp]t & intellig5t guidance4 ,?is bane ( political jobb]y has n be5 conf9$ to ! libr>ies ( ,/ates1 b has invad$ ! managem5t ( _m city & t[n libr>ies also4 ,we h yet to le>n ( any b5efit result+ to ^? :o use ! libr>ies4 ,9 ! case ( a few ( ! ,/ate libr>ies1 tru/ees or libr>y commission]s or bo>ds ( control h be5 provid$ by law1 b 9 o!rs1 a jo9t libr>y committee1 compos$ ( memb]s ( bo? h\ses ( ! ,legislature1 has *>ge ( ! libr>y int]e/s4 ,?is is also ! case 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress at ,wa%+ton1 :]e ?ree ,s5ators & ?ree ,repres5tatives con/itute ! ,jo9t ,committee ( bo? ,h\ses ( ,congress on ! ,libr>y4 ,! memb]%ip ( ?is committee1 z ( all o!rs 9 ,congress1 is subject to *ange bi5nially4 ,x has be5 propos$ to secure a m p]man5t & c>eful sup]vision ( ?is ,national ,libr>y by add+ to ! ,jo9t ,committee ( ,congress ?ree or m tru/ees ( em95t qualifications1 elect$ by ,congress1 z ! ,reg5ts ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution n[ are1 = a long] t]m ( ye>s4 ,! tru/ees ( ! ,briti% ,museum are appo9t$ by ! ,cr[n1 _! t5ure ( (fice be+ = life4 ,9 sev]al ,/ates ! libr>ian is appo9t$ by ! supreme c\rt1 z ! ,/ate libr>ies are compos$ m l>gely ( law books1 ?an ( miscellane\s lit]ature1 & special k ( case law1 & ! pr9ciples ( jurisprud5ce1 is dem&$ ( ! libr>ian4 ,:]e ! tru/ees ( a public libr>y are elect$ by ! p1 !y h 9 _! own h&s ! p[] ( *oos+ m5 :o are f> above p>ty consid]ations1 & !y %\ld ex]cise x4 ,9 no dep>tm5t ( life is ! maxim--! tools to ! h&s t c use !m1 m important ?an 9 ! case ( libr>ians & bo>ds ( manag]s ( libr>ies4 ,! value ( skill$ labor ov] ! unskill$ is ev]y:]e recogniz$ 9 ! bus9ess ( ! _w1 by m c]ta9 employm5t & l>g] comp5sation3 & :y %\ld x n be s 9 libr>ies8 ,,*apt] #ah4 ,,libr>y ,,regulations4 ,no feature 9 libr>y adm9i/ration is m important ?an ! regulations "u :i* ! s]vice ( ! libr>y is conduct$4 ,^u _! propriety & regul> en=cem5t dep5ds v mu* ( ! utility ( ! collection4 ,rules are ( two k9ds1 ^? :i* conc]n ! libr>ian & assi/ants1 & ^? :i* conc]n ! public resort+ to ! libr>y4 ,( ! fir/ class are ! regulations z to h\rs1 division ( labor1 leaves or vacations ( employees1 c4 ,! l>g] ! libr>y1 & consequ5tly ! =ce employ$1 ! m important is a c>eful adju/m5t ( relative duties1 & ( ! times & seasons to be devot$ to !m4 ,! assignm5t ( "w to ! v>i\s assi/ants w naturally dep5d ^u _! respective qualifications4 ,^? :o "k ,lat91 & two or m ( ! mod]n languages1 w\ld probably be employ$ ^u ! catalogue4 ,^? :o are famili> ) ! range ( books publi%$1 9 lit]ature & sci5ce1 w be be/ qualifi$ = ! s]vice ( ! read+-room1 :i* involves ! supply ( books & in=mation4 ,9 direct proportion to ! bread? ( in=mation possess$ by any "o1 w be 8 usefulness 9 promptly supply+ ! wants ( read]s4 ,no?+ is s satisfactory to /ud5ts 9 libr>ies1 or to ! casual seek]s ( in=mation ( any k9d1 z to f9d _! wants imm$iately suppli$4 ,! read] :om an intellig5t libr>ian or assi/ant answ]s at once is grateful to ! :ole e/abli%m5t2 :ile ! read] :o is requir$ to wait t5 to tw5ty m9utes = :at he wants1 becomes impati5t & sometimes qu]ul\s1 or leaves ! libr>y unsatisfi$4 ,"o rule ( s]vice at ! libr>y desk or c\nt] %\ld be t e assi/ant !re employ$ %\ld deem x 8 duty to aid imm$iately any "o :o is wait+1 no matt] :at o!r conc]ns may engage 8 att5tion4 ,9 o!r words1 ! "o prim>y rule ( a public libr>y %\ld be t ! s]vice ( ! public is always p>am\nt4 ,all o!r consid]ations %\ld be subord9ate to t4 ,x is desirable t assi/ants 9 e libr>y %\ld le>n all dep>tm5ts ( libr>y "w1 catalogu+1 supply+ books & in=mation1 prep>+ books = ! %elves1 etc4 ,?is w enable ea* assi/ant to take ! place ( ano!r 9 case ( abs5ce1 a mo/ important po9t4 ,x w also help to qualify ! m exp]t = promotion4 ,a second rule = int]nal adm9i/ration 9 any libr>y %\ld be t all books are to be di/ribut$1 or replac$ ^u _! %elves1 daily4 ,if ?is is n sy/ematically done1 ! libr>y w t5d to fall into *aos4 ,& ev5 a small numb] ( volumes n 9 _! places w emb>rass ! att5dants seek+ !m1 & (t5 deprive read]s ( _! use--a ?+ to be always s$ul\sly avoid$4 ,9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 ! replacem5t ( books ^u ! %elves is c>ri$ out mu* m frequ5tly ?an once daily4 ,z fa/ z books come 9 at ! c5tral desk by ! returns ( read]s1 !y are s5t back ?r\gh ! book-c>ri]s1 to ! prop] floors1 :]e ! outside label-numb]s indicate t !y belong1 & replac$ by ! att5dant !re on _! prop] %elves4 ,^! me*anical book-c>ri]s run all day1 by electric p[]1 suppli$ by a dynamo 9 ! basem5t1 &1 ) _! endless *a9 & atta*$ boxes con/antly revolv+1 !y furni% a ne> approa* to p]petual motion4 ,?us ,i h se5 a set ( ,macaulay's ,engl&1 call$ = by ticket f ! read+-room1 arrive 9 ?ree m9utes f ! outly+ book-repository or iron /ack1 sev]al hundr$s ( feet di/ant on an upp] floor1 plac$ on ! read]'s table1 ref]r$ to1 & return$ at once1 !n plac$ 9 ! book-c>ri] by ! desk att5dant1 receiv$ back on its prop] floor1 & di/ribut$ to its own %elf by ! att5dant !re1 all )9 half an h\r aft] ! read]'s application4 ,ano!r rule to be obs]v$ by ! read+-room att5dants is to exam9e all call-slips1 or read]s' tickets1 rema9+ uncall$ = at ! close ( ea* day's bus9ess1 & see if ! books on !m are pres5t 9 ! libr>y4 ,?is precaution is dem&$ by ! security ( ! collection1 z well z by ! good ord] & arrangem5t ( ! libr>y4 ,neglect ( x may lead to losses or misplacem5ts1 :i* might be prev5t$ by c>eful & unremitt+ obs]vance ( ?is rule4 ,ano!r rule ( em95t propriety is t libr>ians or assi/ants are n to read newspap]s dur+ libr>y h\rs4 ,:5 !re happ5 to be no read]s wait+ to be help$1 ! "t %\ld be con/antly occupi$ ) o!r libr>y "w4 ,!re is no libr>y l>ge en\gh to be wor?y ( ! "n1 t does n h arre>s ( "w incessantly wait+ to be done4 ,& :ile ?is is ! case1 no libr>y "t %\ld be wa/$ ^u p]iodicals1 :i* %\ld be p]us$ only outside ( libr>y h\rs4 ,if "o p]son employ$ 9 a libr>y reads ! newspap] or magaz9e1 ! bad example is likely to be foll[$ by o!rs4 ,?us s]i\s inatt5tion to ! wants ( read]s1 z well z neglect ( libr>y "w po/pon$1 w be sure to foll[4 ,a f\r? rule1 re/+ ^u ! same reason1 %\ld prev5t any long su/a9$ gossip or conv]sation dur+ libr>y h\rs4 ,t "t belongs explicitly to ! public or to ! "w ( ! libr>y4 ,! rule ( sil5ce :i* is en=c$ ^u ! public 9 ! int]e/ ( read]s %\ld n be brok5 by ! libr>y manag]s !mselves4 ,su* brief "q & answ] z em]g5cy or ! ne$ful bus9ess ( ! libr>y requires %\ld be conduct$ 9 a l[ tone1 & soon end$4 ,libr>y adm9i/ration is a bus9ess1 & mu/ be conduct$ 9 a bus9ess way4 ,no libr>y c prop]ly be turn$ into a place ( conv]sation4 ,all diff]5ces or disputes betwe5 att5dants z to ! "w to be done by ea*1 or me?ods1 or any o!r "q lead+ to diss5sion1 %\ld be promptly & decisively settl$ by ! libr>ian1 & ( c\rse *e]fully submitt$ to by all4 ,good ord] & discipl9e require t !re %\ld be only "o f9al au?ority 9 any libr>y4 ,controv]sies are n only unseemly 9 !mselves1 b !y are "t-consum+1 & are liable to be ov]he>d by read]s1 to ! prejudice ( ^? :o engage 9 !m4 ,ano!r rule to be obs]v$ is to exam9e all books return$1 z c>efully z a glance ?r\gh ! volume w p]mit1 to detect any miss+ or />t$ leaves1 or injury to b9d+s4 ,no volume be>+ m>ks ( dilapidation ( any k9d %\ld be p]mitt$ to g back to ! %elves1 or be giv5 to read]s1 b plac$ 9 a b9d]y res]ve = ne$ful repairs4 ,x %\ld h>dly be necess>y to say t all ^? connect$ ) a public libr>y %\ld be c>efully obs]vant ( h\rs1 & be always 9 _! places1 unless excus$4 ,! discipl9e ( e libr>y %\ld be firm 9 ?is respect1 & dilatory or t>dy assi/ants br\ght to reg>d ! rule ( prompt & regul> s]vice4 ,no abs5ce )\t leave %\ld be m5tally po/$ 9 ! consci\sness & ! consci5ce ( e "o4 ,ano!r rule %\ld limit ! "t = mid-day refre%m5t1 & s arrange x t ! v>i\s p]sons employ$ g at diff]5t h\rs4 ,z to "t employ$1 half-an-h\r = lun*1 z all[$ 9 ! ,wa%+ton dep>tm5ts1 is long en\gh 9 any libr>y4 ,furl\ghs or vacations %\ld be regulat$ to suit ! libr>y s]vice1 & n all[ sev]al to be abs5t at ! same "t4 ,z to l5g? ( vacation "t1 few libr>ies c af=d ! v lib]al fa%ion ( twelve mon?s wages = elev5 mon?s "w1 z preval5t 9 ! ,wa%+ton ,dep>tm5ts4 ,! av]age vacation "t ( bus9ess h\ses--ab\t two weeks--m ne>ly corresponds to t all[$ 9 ! small] public libr>ies4 ,out ( #agc libr>ies report+ 9 #ahic1 #fa all[$ f\r weeks or m vacation1 #bg ?ree weeks1 #ed two weeks1 & #ca none4 ,b 9 cases ( actual illness1 ! rule ( lib]ality %\ld be foll[$1 & no d$uction ( wages %\ld foll[ tempor>y disability4 ,:]e _m libr>y att5dants are employ$1 all %\ld be requir$ to ent] on a daily record %eet or book1 ! h\r ( beg9n+ "w4 ,!n ! rule ( no abs5ce )\t special leave %\ld be en=c$ z to all dur+ ! day4 ,we n[ come to su* rules ( libr>y adm9i/ration z conc]n ! read]s1 or ! public4 ,! rule ( sil5ce1 or total ab/95ce f l\d talk+1 %\ld be laid d[n & en=c$4 ,?is is ess5tial = ! protection ( e read] f annoyance or int]ruption 9 8 pursuits4 ,! rule %\ld be pr9t$ on all read]s' tickets1 & x is well also to po/ ! ^w ,,sil5ce1 9 l>ge lett]s1 9 two or m conspicu\s places 9 ! read+-room4 ,?is w give a cont9ual rem9d] to all ( :at is expect$1 & w usually prev5t any l\d conv]sation4 ,:ile absolute sil5ce is impossible 9 any public libr>y1 ! inquiries & answ]s at ! desk c always be made 9 a l[ & ev5 tone1 :i* ne$ attract no att5tion f any read]s1 if remov$ only a few feet di/ant4 ,z !re are always p]sons among read]s :o w talk1 not)/&+ rules1 !y %\ld be *eck$ by a c\rte\s rem9d] f ! libr>ian1 r ?an f any subord9ate4 ,?is--= ! obvi\s reason t admonition f ! highe/ au?ority c>ries ! greate/ weight4 ,ano!r rule1 :i* %\ld always be pr9t$ on ! call-slips1 or read]s' tickets1 is ! requirem5t to return books & receive back _! tickets always be=e leav+ ! libr>y4 ,?is duty is v commonly neglect$1 f ! utt] c>elessness ( _m read]s1 :o d n realize t sign+ _! ticket = any book holds !m responsible = x until x is return$4 ,_m are unwill+ to sp5d a mom5t's "t 9 wait+ = a ticket to be return$ to !m4 ,_m w leave _! books on tables or seats :]e !y 7 read+1 & g away )\t reclaim+ _! receipts4 ,:ile complete obs]vance ( ?is rule is ( c\rse hopeless ( atta9m5t 9 a c\ntry :]e free & easy mann]s prevail1 e libr>ian %\ld endeavor to secure at lea/ an approximate compliance ) a rule adopt$ alike = ! security & good ord] ( ! libr>y1 & ! effici5t s]vice ( ! read]4 ,all read]s %\ld be privileg$ to res]ve books f day to day :i* !y h n complet$ ! use (1 & in/ruct$ always to give notice ( su* res]vation be=e leav+ ! libr>y4 ,?is saves mu* "t1 bo? to ! read] & to ! libr>ian 9 s5d+ repeat$ly = books put away ne$lessly4 ,9 a circulat+ libr>y1 a fix$ rule limit+ ! "t = :i* a book may be kept1 is ess5tial4 ,?is may be f ?ree days to two weeks1 accord+ to ! dem& = ! book1 b x %\ld n exce$ ! latt] p]iod4 ,/ill1 a r5ewal t]m may be conc$$1 provid$ ! book is n o!rwise call$ =4 ,a small f9e ( s mu* a day = ea* volume kept out beyond ! "t prescrib$ by ! rule1 w (t5 secure prompt return1 & is ! usage 9 mo/ libr>ies :]e books are l5t out4 ,9 ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y no r5ewals are all[$4 ,a rule requir+ ! replacem5t or repair ( books damag$ :ile 9 ! h&s ( a read] %\ld be pr9t$ & en=c$4 ,x may prop]ly be waiv$ :]e ! damage is slight or unavoidable4 ,9 public circulat+ libr>ies1 a rule ( regi/ration is requir$1 & 9 "s libr>ies ( ref]5ce also2 b 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress all read]s ov] sixte5 are admitt$ )\t any =mality or regi/ration :atev]4 ,9 popul> libr>ies1 ! ne$ ( a regi/ry li/ ( ^? entitl$ to borr[ books1 is obvi\s1 to prev5t ! issue to improp] or unau?oriz$ p]sons2 z1 = example1 resid5ts ( ano!r t[n1 or p]sons "u ! prescrib$ age ( admission to libr>y privileges4 ,a pr9t$ libr>y c>d %\ld be issu$ to ea* p]son privileg$ to draw books2 correspond+ 9 numb] to ! page or index-c>d ( ! libr>y record4 ,ea* c>d %\ld be> ! full "n & address ( ! applicant1 & be sign$ ) an obligation to obey ! rules ( ! libr>y4 ,on ?is c>d all books drawn may be ent]$1 always ) mon? & day date1 & cr$it$ ) date ( return1 ! p>allel entries be+ at ! same "t made 9 ! libr>y *>g+ record4 ,libr>y c>ds ( regi/ration %\ld be issu$ = a limit$ p]iod1 say twelve mon?s1 9 ord] to br+ all p]sons to a sy/ematic review ( _! privilege1 & %\ld be r5ew$ annually1 s long z ! hold] is entitl$ to regi/ration4 ,no books %\ld be issu$ except to ^? pres5t+ regi/ration c>ds1 toge!r ) a call-slip or ticket = ! book want$4 ,ano!r rule %\ld fix a limit to ! numb] ( volumes to be drawn by any read]4 ,two volumes out at any "o "t w\ld be a fair limit4 ,if made m to all read]s1 !re is likely to be sometimes a sc>city ( books to be drawn ^u2 & if a few read]s are p]mitt$ to draw m ?an o!rs1 ! *>ge ( undue favoritism w be ju/ifi$4 ,ano!r rule %\ld be t any incivility or neglect on ! "p ( any libr>y att5dant %\ld be report$ to ! libr>ian4 ,9 su* cases1 ! att5dant %\ld always be he>d1 be=e any admonition or c5sure is be/[$4 ,an almo/ necess>y rule 9 mo/ libr>ies is t no book %\ld be tak5 f ! %elves by any p]son n employ$ 9 ! libr>y4 ,! exceptions are ( c\rse1 ! books provid$ expressly = ! free & op5 ref]5ce ( ! read]s4 ,ano!r ess5tial rule is t no writ+ or m>ks may be made 9 any libr>y book or p]iodical2 nor is any turn+ d[n ( leaves p]mitt$4 ,a pr9t$ w>n+ is important to ! effect t any cutt+ or defac+ ( libr>y books or p]iodicals is a p5al (f5se1 & w be prosecut$ accord+ to law4 ,! regulations = admission to libr>y privileges are important4 ,9 ?is c\ntry ! age limitation is m lib]al ?an 9 ,europe4 ,! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y1 = example1 is free to all p]sons ov] twelve ye>s ( age4 ,9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 ! age limit is sixte5 ye>s or upw>d1 to entitle "o to ! privileges ( a read]4 ,9 ! ,a/or ,libr>y1 none are admitt$ "u n9ete51 & 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y none bel[ tw5ty-"o ye>s4 ,! h\rs dur+ :i* ! libr>y is op5 %\ld be pr9t$ z "p ( ! regulations4 ,all ! libr>y rules %\ld be pr9t$ & furni%$ to ! public4 ,! mo/ ess5tial ( !m1 if c>efully express$ 9 few words1 c be gr\p$ 9 a s+le small %eet1 ( #afmo4 size or less1 & pa/$ 9 ! inside cov] ( e book belong+ to ! libr>y4 ,bett] /ill1 7& x w save exp5se 9 pr9t+7 let ! few simple rules1 9 small b legible type1 =m a "p ( ! book plate1 or libr>y label1 :i* goes on ! left-h& inn] cov] ( ea* volume4 ,?us e read] w h be=e him1 9 daily prom95ce1 ! regulations :i* he is to obs]ve1 & no excuse c be plead$ ( ignorance ( ! rules4 ,z no law is ev] long respect$ unless x is en=c$1 s no regulations are likely to be obs]v$ unless adh]$ to 9 e libr>y4 ,rules are a mo/ ess5tial "p ( libr>y adm9i/ration1 & x %\ld be a prim>y object ( e libr>ian or assi/ant to see t !y are obs]v$ by all4 ,,*apt] #ai4 ,,libr>y ,,reports ,,& ,,adv]tis+4 ,we n[ come to consid] ! annual reports ( libr>ians4 ,^! %\ld be made to ! tru/ees or bo>d ( libr>y control1 by :atev] "n x may be kn[n1 & %\ld be address$ to ! *airman1 z ! organ ( ! bo>d4 ,9 ! prep>ation ( su* reports1 two conditions are equally ess5tial--concis5ess & compreh5siv5ess4 ,e item 9 ! adm9i/ration1 frequ5tation1 & increase ( ! libr>y %\ld be sep>ately treat$1 b ea* %\ld be cond5s$ into ! smalle/ compass consi/5t ) cle> /atem5t4 ,v long reports are co/ly to publi%1 & moreov]1 h small *ance ( be+ read4 ,9 fact1 ! wide p]usal ( any report is 9 direct proportion to its brevity4 ,?is be+ premis$1 let u see :at topics ! libr>ian's report %\ld deal )4 #a4 ,! progress ( ! libr>y dur+ ! ye> mu/ be view$ z mo/ important4 ,a /ati/ical /atem5t ( accessions1 giv+ volumes ( books1 & numb] ( pamphlets sep>ately1 add$ dur+ ! ye>1 %\ld be foll[$ by a /atem5t ( ! aggregate ( volumes & pamphlets 9 ! collection4 ,?is is asc]ta9$ by actual c\nt ( ! books ^u ! %elves1 add+ ! numb] ( volumes *>g$ out1 or 9 ! b9d]y1 or 9 read]s' h&s at ! "t ( ! enum]ation4 ,?is c\nt is f> f a difficult or "t-consum+ affair1 z !re is a %ort-h& me?od ( c\nt+ by :i* "o p]son c easily arrive at ! aggregate ( a libr>y ( #ajj1jjj volumes1 9 a s+le day ( eight to t5 h\rs4 ,?is is done by c\nt+ by twos or ?rees ! r[s ( books z !y /& on ! %elves1 pass+ ! f+] rapidly along ! backs1 f left to "r & f top to bottom ( ! %elves4 ,z fa/ z "o hundr$ volumes are c\nt$1 simply write d[n a figure "o2 !n1 at ! end ( ! second hundr$1 a figure two1 & s on1 always jott+ d[n "o figure ! m = ea* hundr$ books c\nt$4 ,! la/ figure 9 ! c\nt]'s memor&um w repres5t ! numb] ( hundr$s ( volumes ! libr>y conta9s4 ,?us1 if ! la/ figure is #ib1 ! libr>y has j #i1bjj volumes4 ,?is rapid1 & at ! same "t accurate me?od1 by :i* any "o ( av]age quickness c easily c\nt two hundr$ volumes a m9ute1 saves all c\nt+ up by tallies ( five or t51 & also all sl[ additions ( figures1 s9ce "o figure at ! end multipli$ by "o hundr$1 expresses ! :ole4 #b4 ,any specially notewor?y additions to ! libr>y %\ld be briefly specifi$4 #c4 ,a li/ ( donors ( books dur+ ! ye>1 ) numb] ( volumes giv5 by ea*1 %\ld =m "p ( ! report4 ,?is may prop]ly come at ! end z an app5dix4 #d4 ,a brief ( ! money income ( ! ye>1 ) s\rces :5ce d]iv$1 & ( all exp5ditures1 = books1 sal>ies1 cont+5t exp5ses1 etc41 %\ld =m a "p ( ! report1 unless report$ sep>ately by a treasur] ( ! libr>y funds4 #e4 ,! /ati/ics ( a libr>ian's report1 if ( a l5d+ libr>y1 %\ld give ! aggregate numb] ( volumes circulat$ dur+ ! ye>1 also ! numb] ( borr[]s record$ :o h us$ & :o h n us$ ! privilege ( borr[+4 ,! numb] ( volumes us$ by read]s 9 ! ref]5ce or read+-room dep>tm5t %\ld be giv51 z well z ! aggregate ( read]s4 ,x is usual 9 "s libr>y reports to classify ! books us$ by read]s1 z1 s _m 9 hi/ory1 poetry1 travels1 natural sci5ce1 etc41 b ?is involves labor & "t q out ( proportion to its utility4 ,/ill1 a comp>ative /atem5t ( ! aggregate volumes ( fiction read or drawn out1 z aga9/ all o!r books1 may be highly useful z an object lesson1 if embodi$ 9 ! libr>y report4 #f4 ,a /atem5t ( ! actual condition ( ! libr>y1 z to books1 %elv+ accommodations1 furniture1 etc41 ) any ne$ful sugge/ions = improvem5t1 %\ld be includ$ 9 ! annual report4 #g4 ,a well-consid]$ sugge/ion ( ! value ( contributions to ! libr>y 9 books or funds to enri* ! collection1 %\ld n be ov]look$4 #h4 ,! libr>ian %\ld n =get a ^w ( praise = 8 assi/ants1 9 ! great & useful "w ( c>ry+ on ! libr>y4 ,?is w t5d to excite add$ zeal to excel1 :5 ! subord9ates feel t _! s]vices are appreciat$ by _! head1 z well z by ! public4 ,! prep>ation ( an annual report af=ds "s te/ ( ! libr>ian's skill & judgm5t4 ,x %\ld aim at pla9 & c>eful /atem5t1 & all rhetoric %\ld be disp5s$ )4 ,divid$ into prop] heads1 a cond5s$ /atem5t ( facts or sugge/ions "u ea* %\ld be made1 & all repetition avoid$4 ,su* a libr>y report %\ld nev] fail to set =? ! great b5efit to ! community :i* a free use ( its treasures implies1 :ile urg+ ! importance ( build+ up ! collection1 ?r\gh lib]al gifts ( books1 p]iodicals1 or money1 ?us enabl+ x to answ] ! wants ( read]s m fully1 ye> by ye>4 ,x w sometimes be a wise sugge/ion to be made 9 a libr>ian's report1 t ! libr>y /ill lacks "s specially important "w1 su* z ,l>n$'s ,hi/ory = ,ready ,ref]5ce1 or ! ext5sive ,diction>y ( ,national ,biography1 or ,brunet's ,manuel du ,libraire1 or a set ( ,congressional ,debates f ! beg9n+2 & su* a sugge/ion may (t5 be> fruit 9 lead+ "s public-spirit$ citiz5 to supply ! want by a timely contribution4 ,( c\rse1 ! annual report ( e public libr>y %\ld be pr9t$1 & z pamphlets are seldom read1 & t5d rapidly to disappe>1 its publication 9 ! newspap]s is va/ly m important ?an 9 any o!r =m4 ,:ile a pamphlet report may rea* a few p1 ! newspap] rea*es ne>ly all2 & z a means ( diffus+ in=mation 9 any community1 x /&s absolutely )\t rival4 ,:e!r ! libr>y reports %all be pr9t$ 9 pamphlet =m or n is a matt] ( exp$i5cy1 to be det]m9$ by ! manag+ bo>d4 ,funds are r>ely ample en\gh1 9 ! small] t[n libr>ies1 to ju/ify ! exp5se1 9 view ( ! small circulation :i* su* reports receive1 & x is mu* bett] to put ! money into pr9t+ libr>y catalogues1 :i* e body ne$s & w use1 ?an into libr>y reports1 :i* comp>atively few w make any use (4 ,a judici\s compromise may be usefully made1 by induc+ "s newspap]1 :i* w\ld pr9t a lib]al %>e ( ! report free ( *>ge1 z news1 = public in=mation1 to put ! :ole 9 type & /rike (f a few hundr$ copies 9 %eet =m or pages1 at a mod]ate *>ge4 ,?is w\ld enable ! libr>y (fic]s to di/ribute a goodly numb]1 & to keep copies ( ea* annual report = ref]5ce1 )\t ! exp5se ( a pamphlet edition4 ,9 "s ( ! l>g] & m ent]pris+ ( city libr>ies1 reports are made qu>t]ly or mon?ly by ! libr>ian4 ,^! ( c\rse are mu* m ne>ly up to date1 & if !y publi% li/s ( books add$ to ! libr>y1 !y are correspond+ly useful4 ,frequ5tly !y conta9 special bibliographies ( books on c]ta9 subjects4 ,among ^!1 ! mon?ly bullet9s ( ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y1 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 ,new ,york ,public ,libr>y1 ,salem1 ,mass41 ,public ,libr>y1 & ! ,provid5ce ,public ,libr>y are specially num]\s & important4 ,! relations ( a public libr>y to ! local press ( ! city or t[n :]e x is situat$ w n[ be notic$4 ,x is ! int]e/ ( ! libr>ian to ext5d ! usefulness ( ! libr>y by e means2 & ! mo/ effective means is to make x widely kn[n4 ,9 e place are f\nd _m :o are q ignorant ( ! /ores ( k :i* lie at _! doors 9 ! free libr>y4 ,& among ^? :o d "k x & resort to x1 are _m :o ne$ to h _! int]e/ & att5tion ar\s$ by frequ5t notices z to its progress1 rec5t additions to its /ores1 etc4 ,! m (t5 ! libr>y is br\ght be=e ! public by ! press1 ! m int]e/ w be tak5 9 x by ! community = ^: in=mation x exi/s4 ,x is ( ! utmo/ importance t ! libr>y conductors %\ld h ! active good w ( all ! newspap] editors 9 its vic9ity4 ,?is w be acquir$ bo? by aid+ !m 9 all rese>*es :i* ! daily or frequ5t wants ( _! pr(ession r5d] necess>y2 & also1 by giv+ !m freely & (t5 items ( intellig5ce ab\t ! libr>y = publication4 ,ent]pris+ j\rnals are p]petually on ! hunt = new & v>i$ matt] to fill _! columns4 ,!y s5d _! report]s to ! libr>y to make a /ory1 z x is call$1 out ( some?+ 9 x or ab\t x4 ,^! report]s are v seldom p]sons v]s$ 9 books1 or able to write und]/&+ly or attractively ab\t !m4 ,left to !mselves to con/ruct a /ory out ( a half h\r's conv]sation ) ! libr>ian1 ! *ances are t an article w be produc$ :i* conta9s ne>ly z _m errors z matt]s ( fact1 ) ! names ( au?ors or ! titles ( _! books mis-spell$ or alt]$1 & ) matt]s manufactur$ out ( ! report]'s fancy :i* =m$ no "p ( ! int]view1 :ile :at did =m important features 9 x are p]haps omitt$4 ,! rem$y1 or r ! prev5tive ( su* inadequate reports ( :at ! libr>ian w\ld say to ! public is to become 8 own report]4 ,! pap]s w will+ly take = publication %ort libr>y notes1 z !y may be call$1 conta9+ in=mation ab\t ! libr>y or its books1 c>efully type-writt54 ,?is c\rse at once secures accurate & au!ntic /atem5ts1 & saves ! "t ( ! press report]s = o!r "w4 ,be> 9 m9d always t ! ma9 object ( su* libr>y notices is to attract att5tion1 & enc\rage p to use ! libr>y4 ,?us !re %\ld be s\ght frequ5t opportunities ( adv]tis+ ! libr>y by ?is be/ ( all possible means1 because x is ! "o :i* rea*es ! l>ge/ numb]4 ,to d x well requires "s skill & practice1 & to d x (t5 is q z ess5tial z to d x well4 ,keep ! libr>y cont9ually be=e ! public4 ,:at are ! bus9ess h\ses :i* are mo/ ?rong$ ) cu/om]s8 ,!y are ^? t adv]tise mo/ p]si/5tly & attractively4 ,s ) ! libr>y2 x w be m & m resort$ to1 9 proportion z x keeps its "n & its ri*es be=e ! public eye4 ,a c]ta9 timel9ess 9 ^! libr>y notices %\ld be cultivat$4 ,! pap]s are eag] to get any?+ t illu/rates :at is upp]mo/ 9 ! public m9d4 ,if a local fair is 9 progress or prep>+1 give !m a li/ ( ! be/ books ! libr>y has 9 t field2 ! hi/ory ( ! ,philadelphia ,exposition1 ! ,*icago ,_w's ,fair1 ! ,p>is ,expositions1 c4 ,on ano!r day1 set =? ! books on manufactures1 horses1 cattle1 dome/ic animals1 decorative art1 c4 ,if !re is a p\ltry exhibition1 or a dog %[1 call public att5tion to ! books on p\ltry or dogs4 ,if an art exhibition1 br+ =w>d ! titles ( books on pa9t+1 sculpture1 draw+1 & ! hi/ory ( art1 anci5t & mod]n4 ,if "s great man has di$1 z ,bism>ck or ,glad/one1 give ! titles ( any biographies or books ab\t him1 add+ ev5 ref]5ces to notable magaz9e articles t h appe>$4 ,:5 ! summ] vacation is com+ ar\nd1 adv]tise y\r be/ books ( travel1 ( summ] resorts1 ( ocean voyages1 ( ya*t+1 camp+1 fi%+ & %oot+1 golf & o!r out-door games1 etc4 ,if !re is a ,presid5tial campaign rag+1 make kn[n ! libr>y's ri*es 9 political sci5ce1 ! hi/ory ( adm9i/rations1 & ( nom9at+ conv5tions1 lives ( ! ,presid5ts1 books on elections1 etc4 ,if an int]national dispute or complication is on foot1 publi% ! titles ( y\r books on int]national law1 & ^? on ! hi/ory or res\rces ( ! c\ntry or c\ntries involv$2 & :5 a w> is 9 progress1 books on milit>y sci5ce1 campaigns1 battles1 sieges1 & ! hi/ory ( ! cont5d+ nations w be timely & int]e/+4 ,:atev] y d 9 ?is direction1 make x %ort & attractive4 ,organize y\r mat]ial1 describe a specially int]e/+ "w by a ref]5ce to its /yle1 or its illu/rations1 or its reputation1 etc4 ,di/ribute y\r libr>y notes imp>tially2 t is1 if sev]al pap]s are publi%$1 be c>eful n to slight any ( !m4 ,f9d out ! prop] days to suit _! want ( matt]1 & nev] s5d 9 y\r notes :5 ! pap] is ov]cr[d$4 ,always read a pro(-slip ( ea* article2 "t sp5t 9 go+ to a newspap] (fice to correct pro( is well sp5t1 = mispr9ts always await ! unw>y :o tru/s to ! accuracy ( types4 ,if ! libr>y acquires any ext5sive or notable book1 :e!r old or new1 d n fail to make x kn[n ?r\gh ! press4 ,if any citiz5 gives a numb] ( volumes to ! libr>y1 let 8 good de$s h an appreciative notice1 t o!rs may g & d likewise4 ,ano!r feature ( libr>y adv]tis+ is ! publication 9 ! press ( ! titles ( new books add$ to ! libr>y4 ,z ?is is m]ely catalogue pr9t+1 h[ev] abbreviat$ 9 =m ! titles may be1 x w usually 7& v prop]ly7 be *>g$ = by ! newspap]s4 ,b x w pay1 9 ! direction ( induc+ a mu* l>g] use ( ! libr>y1 & z ! sole object ( ! in/itution is to contribute to public intellig5ce1 x becomes libr>y manag]s n to sp>e any exp5se s conducive to t result4 ,,*apt] #bj4 ,,! ,,=mation ,,( ,,libr>ies4 ,9 ! widely ext5d$ & gr[+ public int]e/ 9 libr>ies = ! p1 & 9 ! ev] increas+ ga!r+s ( books by private collectors1 ,i may be p>don$ = "s sugge/ions p]ta9+ specially to ! =mation ( libr>ies4 ,i d n ref] to ! selection ( books1 :i* is treat$ 9 ! fir/ *apt]1 nor to ! h\s+ & c>e ( libr>ies1 b to "s important po9ts involv$ 9 organiz+ ! f\ndation1 s to speak1 ( a libr>y4 ,! problem1 ( c\rse1 is a widely diff]5t "o = ! private collector ( an individual or family libr>y1 & = ! organiz]s ( a public "o4 ,b 9 ei!r case1 x is important1 fir/ ( all1 to h a cle>ly def9$ & well consid]$ plan4 ,)\t ?is1 co/ly mi/akes are apt to be made1 & "t1 en]gy & money wa/$1 all ( :i* might be sav$ by see+ ! end f ! beg9n+1 & plann+ accord+ly4 ,let u suppose t a resid5t 9 a community :i* has nev] enjoy$ ! b5efit ( a circulat+ libr>y conceives ! idea ( us+ e means to secure "o4 ,! fir/ "q t arises is1 :at are ^? means8 ,if ! ,/ate 9 :i* 8 resid5ce lies has a ,libr>y law1 emp[]+ any t[n or city to raise money by taxation = f\nd+ & ma9ta9+ a free libr>y1 ! way is app>5tly easy1 at fir/ sight4 ,b "h comes 9 ! problem--c ! requisite au?ority to lay ! tax be secur$8 ,?is may involve difficulties un=ese5 at fir/4 ,if !re is a city *>t]1 does x emp[] ! municipal au?orities 7city c\ncil or ald]m57 to levy su* a tax8 ,if n1 !n appeal mu/ be made to a popul> vote1 at "s election ( municipal (fic]s1 at :i* ! ballots = or aga9/ a ,libr>y tax %\ld det]m9e ! "q4 ,?is w at once involve a campaign ( education1 9 :i* %\ld be enli/$ 7#a7 ,! editors ( all ! local pap]s4 7#b7 ,! local cl]gym51 lawy]s & physicians4 7#c7 ,all lit]>y m5 & citiz5s ( weal? or influ5ce 9 ! community4 7#d7 ,all tea*]s 9 ! public s*ools & o!r in/itutions ( le>n+4 7#e7 ,! memb]s ( ! city or t[n gov]nm5t4 ,^! la/ w be apt to feel any impulse ( public s5tim5t m ke5ly ?an _! own individual op9ions on ! subject4 ,9 any case1 ! public-spirit$ man :o orig9ates ! movem5t %\ld enli/ z _m able coadjutors z he c4 ,if he is n himself gift$ ) a ready tongue1 he %\ld p]suade "s o!rs :o are ready & eloqu5t talk]s to take up ! cause1 & %\ld inspire !m ) 8 own zeal4 ,a public meet+ %\ld be call$1 aft] a goodly numb] ( well-kn[n & influ5tial p are enli/$ 7n be=e7 & addresses %\ld be made1 sett+ =? ! great advantage ( a free libr>y to e family4 ,its value to educate ! p1 to furni% ent]ta9m5t t w g f> to supplant idl5ess & intemp]ance1 to help on ! "w ( ! public s*ools1 & to elevate ! ta/e1 improve ! morals1 quick5 ! intellect & employ ! leisure h\rs ( all1 %\ld be set =?4 ,) all ^! means ( p]suasion con/antly 9 ex]cise1 & unremitt+ dilig5ce 9 pu%+ ! good cause ?r\gh ! press & by e private opportunity1 up to ! v day ( ! election1 ! *ances are heavily 9 favor ( pass+ ! libr>y measure by a good majority4 ,x mu/ be a truly ,boeotian community1 f> gone 9 /upidity or some?+ worse1 :i* w\ld s /& 9 its own light z to vote d[n a measure conduc+ 9 ! highe/ degree to ! public intellig5ce4 ,b ev5 %\ld x be defeat$1 its advocates %\ld nev] be disc\rag$4 ,l all o!r re=ms or improvem5ts1 its progress may be sl[ at fir/1 b x is none ! less sure to w9 9 ! end4 ,"o defeat has (t5 l$ to a m complete victory :5 ! conflict is r5ew$4 ,! beat5 p>ty ga!rs wisdom by exp]i5ce1 f9ds out any weakness exi/+ 9 its ranks or its managem5t1 & becomes s5sible :]e its greate/ /r5g? %\ld be put =? 9 a r5ewal ( ! conte/4 ,! promot]s ( ! measure %\ld at once beg9 a fre% agitation4 ,!y %\ld pl$ge e fri5d ( ! libr>y s*eme to /& by x himself1 & to secure at lea/ "o new conv]t to ! cause4 ,& ! *ances are t x w be c>ri$ triumphantly ?r\gh at ! next trial1 or1 if n !n1 at lea/ )9 no long "t4 ,b we %\ld consid] also ! case ( ^? communities :]e no ,/ate ,libr>y law exi/s4 ,^! are unhappily n a few2 & x is a rem>kable fact t ev5 s old1 & ri*1 & well-develop$ a ,/ate z ,p5nsylvania _h no su* provision = public enlight5m5t until )9 ?ree ye>s4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( a law emp[]+ local gov]nm5ts or vot]s to lay a tax = su* a purpose1 ! mo/ obvi\s way ( f\nd+ a libr>y is by local subscription4 ,?is is ( c\rse a less desirable me?od ?an "o by :i* all citiz5s %\ld contribute to ! object 9 proportion to _! means4 ,b x is bett] to avail ( ! means t exi/ 9 any place ?an to wait an indef9ite p]iod = a ,/ate ,legislature to be educat$ up to ! po9t ( pass+ measures :i* w\ld r5d] ! =mation ( libr>ies easy 9 all places4 ,let ! exp]im5t be tri$ ( f\nd+ a libr>y by individual ef=t & conc]t4 ,) only two or ?ree zeal\s & active promot]s1 ev5 su* a plan c be c>ri$ into successful op]ation 9 almo/ any community4 ,a canvass %\ld be made f h\se to h\se1 ) a %ort prospectus or agreem5t drawn up1 pl$g+ ! subscrib]s to give a c]ta9 sum t[>d ! f\ndation ( a libr>y4 ,if a few resid5ts ) l>ge prop]ty c be induc$ to head ! li/ ) lib]al subscriptions1 x w aid mu* 9 secur+ confid5ce 9 ! success ( ! movem5t1 & induc+ o!rs to subscribe4 ,no contributions1 h[ev] small1 %\ld fail to be welcom$1 s9ce !y /& = a wid] int]e/ 9 ! object4 ,aft] a ?or\gh canvass ( ! resid5ts ( ! place1 a meet+ ( ^? subscrib+ %\ld be call$1 & a /atem5t put be=e !m ( ! am\nt subscrib$4 ,!n an executive committee1 say ( ?ree or five memb]s1 %\ld be *os5 to take *>ge ( ! ent]prise4 ,?is committee %\ld appo9t a *airman1 a secret>y1 & a treasur]1 ! latt] to receive & disburse ! funds subscrib$4 ,! *airman %\ld call & preside at meet+s ( ! committee1 ( :i* ! secret>y %\ld record ! proce$+s 9 a book kept = ! purpose4 ,! fir/ bus9ess ( ! ,libr>y committee %\ld be to conf] & det]m9e ^u ! ways & means ( organiz+ ! libr>y4 ,?is involves a selection ( books suitable = a beg9n+1 a place ( deposit = !m1 & a cu/odian or libr>ian to catalogue !m & keep ! record ( ! books drawn out & return$4 ,usually1 a room c be _h = libr>y purposes 9 "s public build+ or private h\se1 c5trally locat$1 )\t o!r exp5se ?an t ( w>m+ & light+4 ,! s]vices ( a libr>ian1 too1 c (t5 be secur$ by compet5t volunte] aid1 !re be+ usually highly intellig5t p]sons ) suffici5t leisure to give _! "t = ! common b5efit1 or to %>e t duty ) o!rs1 ?us sav+ all ! funds = books to enri* ! libr>y4 ,! *ief tr\ble likely to be enc\nt]$ by a ,libr>y committee w lie 9 ! selection ( books to =m ! nucleus or />t+ po9t ( ! collection4 ,)\t repeat+ any?+ h]et(ore sugge/$1 x may be said t great c>e %\ld be tak5 to h books kn[n to be excell5t1 bo? int]e/+ 9 sub/ance & attractive 9 /yle4 ,to s apportion ! mod]ate am\nt ( money at disposal z to give v>iety & int]e/ to ! collection1 & attract read]s f ! />t1 is a problem requir+ good judgm5t = its solution4 ,mu* dep5ds ^u ! ext5t ( ! fund1 b ev5 ) s small a sum z two or ?ree hundr$ doll>s1 a collection ( ! v be/ hi/orians1 poets1 essayi/s1 travell]s & voyag]s1 sci5ti/s1 & noveli/s c be br\ght toge!r1 :i* w furni% a range ( ent]ta9+ & in/ructive read+ = sev]al hundr$ borr[]s4 ,! co/li] encyclopa$ias & works ( ref]5ce might be wait$ = until funds are recruit$ by a libr>y fair1 or lectures1 or amateur conc]ts1 plays1 or o!r ev5+ ent]ta9m5ts4 ,ano!r way ( recruit+ ! libr>y :i* has (t5 prov$ fruitful is to solicit contributions ( books & magaz9es f families & individuals 9 ! vic9ity4 ,?is %\ld be und]tak5 sy/ematically "s "t aft] ! subscriptions 9 money h be5 ga!r$ 94 ,x is n good policy to aim at su* donations at ! outset1 s9ce _m might make !m an excuse = n subscrib+ to ! fund = f\nd+ ! libr>y1 :i* x is to ! int]e/ ( all to make z l>ge z possible4 ,b :5 once successfully e/abli%$1 appeals = books & p]iodicals w surely add l>gely to ! collection1 & al?\gh _m ( su* accessions may be duplicates1 !y w none ! less enl>ge ! facilities = supply+ ! dem&s ( read]s4 ,families :o h read ?r\gh all or ne>ly all ! books !y possess w gladly be/[ !m = s useful a purpose1 especially :5 assur$ ( reap+ reciprocal b5efit by ! opportunity ( freely p]us+ a great v>iety ( *oice books1 new & old1 :i* !y h nev] read4 ,sometimes1 too1 a public-spirit$ citiz51 :5 advis$ ( ! lack ( a good cyclopa$ia1 or ( ! late/ ext5sive diction>y1 or collective biography1 9 ! libr>y1 w be happy to supply x1 !reby w9n+ ! gratitude & good w ( all :o frequ5t ! libr>y4 ,all donations %\ld h ins]t$ 9 !m a neat book-plate1 ) ! "n ( ! donor inscrib$1 9 connection ) ! "n ( ! ,libr>y4 ,_m a useful libr>y ( circulation has be5 />t$ ) a beg9n+ ( fifty to a hundr$ volumes1 & ! little acorn ( le>n+ ?us plant$ has gr[n up 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s to a great tree1 full ( fruitful & wide-spread+ bran*es4 ,,*apt] #ba4 ,,classification4 ,if !re is any subject :i*1 m ?an all o!rs1 divides op9ion & provokes endless controv]sy among libr>ians & s*ol>s1 x is ! prop] classification ( books4 ,f ! beg9n+ ( lit]ature ?is has be5 a well-nigh insoluble problem4 ,treatise aft] treatise has be5 writt5 ^u x1 sy/em has be5 pil$ ^u sy/em1 le>n$ m5 h !oris$ & wrangl$ ab\t x all _! lives1 & successive g5]ations h dropp$ into _! graves1 leav+ ! vex$ "q z unsettl$ z ev]4 ,e n[ & !n a body ( savans or a conv5tion ( libr>ians wre/les ) x1 & p]haps votes ^u x1 ,& by decision m embroils ! fray s9ce ! dissatisfi$ m9ority1 ne>ly z num]\s & q z ob/9ate z ! majority1 always refuses to be b\nd by x4 ,no soon] does "s sapi5t libr>ian1 ) ! sublime confid5ce ( conviction1 get 8 classification h\se ( c>ds con/ruct$ to 8 m9d1 & /&s rapt 9 admiration be=e x1 :5 !re comes along "s wise man ( ! ea/1 & demoli%es ! fair edifice at a bl[1 :ile ! ar*itect /&s by ) a melan*oly smile1 & sees all 8 h\sehold gods ly+ %iv]$ ar\nd him4 ,mean:ile1 sy/ems ( classification keep on gr[+1 until1 in/ead ( ! ?irty-two sy/ems s elaborately describ$ 9 ,edw>ds's ,memoirs ( ,libr>ies1 we h almo/ z _m z !re are libr>ies1 if ! endless modifications ( !m are tak5 into acc\nt4 ,9 fact1 "o beg9s to realise t ! s*emes = ! classification ( k are becom+ s num]\s1 t a classification ( ! sy/ems !mselves has fairly become a desid]atum4 ,! y\?ful neophyte1 :o is /ruggl+ aft] an education 9 libr>y sci5ce1 & ?9ks p]haps t x is or %\ld be an exact sci5ce1 is bewild]$ by ! multitude ( c\nsellors1 gets a head-a*e ov] _! conflict+ sy/ems1 & adds to x a he>t-a*e1 p]haps1 ov] ! animosities & s>casms :i* divide ! w>r+ s*ools ( op9ion4 ,p]haps !re w\ld be less tr\ble ab\t classification1 if ! sy/em-mong]s w\ld cons5t to admit at ! outset t no infallible sy/em is possible1 & w\ld endeavor1 amid all _! o!r le>n+1 to le>n a little ( ! sav+ grace ( mode/y4 ,a writ] ^u ?is subject has well obs]v$ t !re is no man :o c "w out a s*eme ( classification t w satisfy p]man5tly ev5 himself4 ,mu* less %\ld he expect t o!rs1 all hav+ _! favorite ideas & sy/ems1 %\ld be satisfi$ ) 84 ,z !re is no royal road to le>n+1 s !re c be none to classification2 & we democratic republicans1 :o /& ^u ! ?re%old ( ! tw5tie? c5tury1 may re/ satisfi$ t 9 ! ,republic ( ,lett]s no autocrat c be all[$4 ,! *ief difficulty ) mo/ sy/ems = di/ribut+ ! books 9 a libr>y appe>s to lie 9 ! attempt to apply sci5tific m9ut5ess 9 a region :]e x is l>gely inapplicable4 ,"o c divide & sub-divide ! lit]ature ( any sci5ce indef9itely1 9 a li/ ( subjects1 b su* exhau/ive sub-divisions c nev] be made among ! books on ! %elves4 ,"h1 = example1 is a ,treatise on diseases ( ! he>t & lungs4 ,?is falls naturally into its two places 9 ! subject catalogue1 ! "o "u ,he>t1 & ! second "u ,lungs2 b ! attempt to classify x on ! %elves mu/ fail1 z reg>ds half its cont5ts4 ,y _c te> ! book to pieces to satisfy logical classification4 ,?\s&s ( simil> cases w occur1 :]e ! same book treats ( sev]al subjects4 ,ne>ly all p]iodicals & transactions ( societies ( e k9d refuse to be classifi$1 ?\gh !y c be catalogu$ p]fectly on pap] by analys+ _! cont5ts4 ,to br+ all ! res\rces ( ! libr>y on any subject toge!r on ! %elves is cle>ly impossible4 ,!y mu/ be assembl$ = read]s f v>i\s sections ( ! libr>y1 :]e ! rule ( analogy or ( sup]ior conv5i5ce has plac$ !m4 ,:at is t]m$ close classification1 x w be f\nd1 fails by attempt+ too mu*4 ,"o ( ! *ief ob/acles to its g5]al use is t x involves a too complicat$ notation4 ,! _m lett]s & figures t indicate position on ! %elves are difficult to rememb] 9 ! direct ratio ( _! numb]4 ,! m m9ute ! classification1 ! m signs ( location are requir$4 ,:5 !y become v num]\s1 9 any sy/em ( classification1 ! sy/em breaks d[n by its own weight4 ,libr>y att5dants consume an undue am\nt ( "t 9 le>n+ x1 & libr>y catalogu]s & classifi]s 9 affix+ ! requisite signs ( designation to ! labels1 ! %elves1 & ! catalogues4 ,memory1 too1 is unduly tax$ to apply ! sy/em4 ,:ile a sup]ior memory may be f\nd equal to any task impos$ ^u x1 av]age memories are n s =tunate4 ,! exp]t libr>ian1 9 ^: accompli%$ head ! :ole _w ( sci5ce & lit]ature lies cord9at$1 s t he c apply 8 classification un]r+ly to all ! books 9 a va/ libr>y1 mu/ n presume t unskill$ assi/ants c d ! same4 ,"o ( ! mi/akes made by ! positivi/s 9 classification is ! claim t _! favorite sy/em c be appli$ to all libr>ies alike4 ,t ?is is a fallacy may be se5 9 an example or two4 ,take ! case ( a l>ge & compreh5sive ,botanical libr>y1 9 :i* an exact sci5tific di/ribution ( ! books may & %\ld be made4 ,x is classifi$ n only 9 ! gr& divisions1 su* z sci5tific & economic botany1 etc41 b a close analytical treatm5t is ext5d$ ov] ! :ole vegetable k+dom4 ,books treat+ ( e plant are relegat$ to _! appropriate classes1 g5]a1 & species1 until ! :ole libr>y is organis$ on a /rictly sci5tific basis4 ,b 9 ! case1 ev5 ( :at are call$ l>ge libr>ies1 s m9ute a classification w\ld be n only unnecess>y1 b ev5 ob/ructive to prompt s]vice ( ! books4 ,& ! av]age t[n libr>y1 conta9+ only a %elf or two ( botanical works1 cle>ly has no use = su* a classification4 ,! attempt to impose a univ]sal law ^u libr>y arrangem5t1 :ile ! conditions ( ! collections are endlessly v>i$1 is =$oom$ to failure4 ,! object ( classification is to br+ ord] out ( confusion1 & to arrange ! great mass ( books 9 sci5ce & lit]ature ( :i* e libr>y is compos$1 s t ^? on relat$ subjects %\ld be z ne>ly z possible br\ght toge!r4 ,let u suppose a collection ( "s hundr$ ?\s& volumes1 9 all bran*es ( human k1 ?r[n toge!r )\t any classification or catalogue1 on ! tables1 ! %elves1 & ! floor ( an ext5sive read+-room4 ,suppose also an assemblage ( s*ol>s & o!r read]s1 ready & anxi\s to avail !mselves ( ^! lit]>y treasures1 ?is imm5se libr>y )\t a key4 ,ea* wants "s c]ta9 book1 by "s au?or ^: "n he kn[s1 or ^u "s subject ^u :i* he seeks to in=m himself4 ,b h[ va9 & hopeless ! ef=t to g ?r\gh all ?is *aos ( le>n+1 to f9d ! "o volume :i* he ne$s6 ,?is illu/ration po9ts ! prime necessity ( classification ( "s k9d1 be=e a collection ( books c be us$ 9 an available way4 ,!n comes 9 ! skill$ bibliograph]1 to conv]t ?is *aos into a cosmos1 to illum9e ?is d>kness ) ! light ( sci5ce4 ,he di/ributes ! :ole mass1 volume by volume1 into a few great di/9ct classes2 he creates families or sub-divisions 9 e class2 he assembles toge!r 9 gr\ps all t treat ( ! same subject1 or any ( its bran*es2 & ?us ! entire scatt]$ multitude ( volumes is at l5g? cord9at$ into a cle> & sy/ematic collection1 ready = use 9 e dep>tm5t4 ,a great libr>y is l a great army3 :5 unorganiz$1 y\r army is a m]e undiscipl9$ mob3 b divide & sub-divide x into army corps1 divisions1 brigades1 regim5ts1 & companies1 & y c put y\r f+] ^u e man4 ,to make ?is complete organization ( a libr>y successful1 "o mu/ h an organis+ m9d1 a wide acqua9tance ) lit]ature1 hi/ory1 & ! outl9es1 at lea/1 ( all ! sci5ces2 a k ( ! anci5t & ( v>i\s mod]n languages2 a quick intuition1 a ripe judgm5t1 a cultivat$ ta/e1 a ret5tive memory1 & a pati5ce & p]sev]ance t are inexhau/ible4 ,ev5 7 all ^! qualities possess$1 !re w be 9 ! arrangem5t elem5ts ( discord & ( a failure4 ,a multitude ( unc]ta9 po9ts 9 classification1 & _m exceptions w arise2 & ^! mu/ ( necessity be settl$ arbitr>ily4 ,! m conv]sant "o becomes ) sy/ems ( classification1 :5 r$uc$ to practice1 ! m he becomes assur$ t a p]fect bibliographical sy/em is impossible4 ,e sy/em ( classification mu/ f9d its application fraught ) d\bts1 complications1 & difficulties2 b ! wise bibliograph] w n pause 9 8 "w to resolve all ^! insoluble problems2 he w classify ! book 9 h& accord+ to 8 be/ judgm5t at ! mom5t x comes be=e him4 ,he c no m af=d to sp5d "t ov] intricate que/ions ( ! prepond]ance ( ?is1 t1 or ! o!r subject 9 a book1 ?an a man ab\t to walk to a c]ta9 place c af=d to debate :e!r he %all put 8 "r foot =w>d or 8 left4 ,! "o ?+ ne$ful is to g =w>d4 ,ref]r+ to ! *apt] on bibliography = o!r details1 ,i may "h say t ! ,fr5* claim to h rea*$ a highly practical sy/em ( classification 9 t set =? 9 ,j4 ,c4 ,brunet's ,manuel du ,libraire4 ,?is is n[ g5]ally us$ 9 ! arrangem5t ( collections ( books 9 ,france1 ) "s modifications1 & ! book trade f9d x s well adapt$ to _! wants1 t classifi$ sale & auction catalogues are mo/ly arrang$ on t sy/em4 ,x has only five gr& divisions3 ,!ology1 ,law1 ,arts & ,sci5ces1 ,belles-lettres1 & ,hi/ory4 ,ea* ( ^! classes has num]\s sub-divisions4 ,= example1 geography & voyages & travels =m a division ( hi/ory1 betwe5 ! philosophy ( hi/ory & *ronology1 etc4 ,! classification 9 use 9 ! ,biblio?que nationale ( ,france places ,!ology fir/1 foll[$ by ,law1 ,hi/ory1 ,philosophy & ,belles-lettres4 ,! gr& division ( ,philosophy includes all :i* is classifi$ "u ,arts & ,sci5ces 9 ! sy/em ( ,brunet4 ,9 ! ,libr>y ( ! ,briti% ,museum ! classification />ts ) ,!ology1 foll[$ by #b4 ,jurisprud5ce2 #c4 ,natural ,hi/ory 7includ+ ,botany1 ,geology1 ,zology1 & ,m$ic9e72 #d4 ,art 7includ+ ,ar*aeology1 ,f9e ,arts1 ,ar*itecture1 ,music1 & ,useful ,arts72 #e4 ,philosophy 7includ+ ,politics1 ,economics1 ,sociology1 ,education1 ,e?ics1 ,metaphysics1 ,ma!matics1 ,milit>y & ,naval ,sci5ce1 & ,*emi/ry72 #f4 ,hi/ory 7includ+ ,h]aldry & ,g5ealogy72 #g4 ,geography 7includ+ ,e?nology72 #h4 ,biography 7includ+ ,epi/les72 #i4 ,belles-lettres 7includ+ ,poetry1 ,drama1 ,rhetoric1 ,criticism1 ,bibliography1 ,collect$ ,works1 ,encyclopa$ias1 ,spee*es1 ,prov]bs1 ,anecdotes1 ,satirical & faceti\s works1 ,essays1 ,folklore & ,fiction72 #aj4 ,philology4 ,sub-divisions by c\ntries are introduc$ 9 ne>ly all ! classes4 ,9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress ! classification 0 orig9ally bas$ ^u ,"l ,bacon's s*eme = ! division ( k into ?ree great classes1 accord+ to ! faculty ( ! m9d employ$ 9 ea*4 #a4 ,hi/ory 7bas$ ^u memory72 #b4 ,philosophy 7bas$ ^u reason72 #c4 ,poetry 7bas$ ^u imag9ation74 ,?is s*eme 0 mu* bett] adapt$ to a classification ( ideas ?an ( books4 ,its failure to answ] ! ends ( a practical classification ( ! libr>y l$ to radical modifications ( ! plan1 z appli$ to ! books on ! %elves1 = reasons ( logical arrangem5t1 z well z ( conv5i5ce4 ,a m ?or\gh & sy/ematic re-arrangem5t is n[ 9 progress4 ,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,cutt] has devis$ a sy/em ( ,expansive classification1 n[ widely us$ 9 ,am]ican libr>ies4 ,9 ?is1 ! classes are ea* indicat$ by a s+le lett]1 foll[$ by numb]s repres5t+ divisions by c\ntries1 & ^! 9 turn by lett]s indicat+ sub-divisions by subjects1 etc4 ,x is claim$ t ?is me?od is n a rigid un*angeable sy/em1 b adaptable 9 a high degree1 & capable ( modification to suit ! special wants ( any libr>y4 ,9 x ! :ole range ( lit]ature & sci5ce is divid$ into sev]al gr& classes1 :i*1 ) _! sub-classes1 are indicat$ by ! tw5ty-six lett]s ( ! alphabet4 ,?us ,class ,a embraces ,g5]alia2 ,b to ,d1 ,spiritual sci5ces 7includ+ philosophy & religion72 ,e to ,g1 ,hi/orical sci5ces 7includ+1 besides hi/ory & biography1 geography & travels72 ,h to ,k1 ,social sci5ces 7includ+ law & political sci5ce & economics72 ,l to ,p1 ,natural sci5ces2 ,q1 ,m$ic9e2 & ,r to ,z1 ,arts 7includ+ n only me*anical1 recreative & f9e arts1 b music1 languages1 lit]ature1 & bibliography74 ,! sub-divisions ( ^! pr9cipal classes are arrang$ ) progressive fullness1 to suit small] or l>g] libr>ies4 ,?us1 ! fir/ classification provides only elev5 classes1 suit$ to v small libr>ies3 ! second is exp&$ to fifte5 classes1 ! ?ird to ?irty classes1 & s on up to ! sev5? or f9al "o1 design$ to provide = ! arrangem5t ( ! v l>ge/ libr>ies4 ,?is is ! mo/ elaborate & f>-rea*+ libr>y classification yet put =?1 claim+ sup]ior cle>ness1 flexibility1 brevity ( notation1 logical cord9ation1 etc41 :ile objections h be5 freely made to x on ! score ( ov]-ref9em5t & aim+ at ! unatta9able4 ,:at is kn[n z ! decimal or ! ,dewey sy/em ( classification 0 orig9ally sugge/$ by ,mr4 ,n4 ,b4 ,%urtleff's ,decimal sy/em = ! arrangem5t & adm9i/ration ( libr>ies1 publi%$ at ,bo/on 9 #ahef4 ,b 9 its pres5t =m x has be5 develop$ by ,mr4 ,melvil ,dewey into a mo/ +5i\s s*eme = di/ribut+ ! :ole va/ range ( human k into t5 classes1 m>k$ f #j to #i1 ea* ( :i* sub-divides into exactly t5 sub-classes1 all divisible 9 _! turn into t5 m9or divisions1 & s on until ! mat]ial 9 h&1 or ! +5uity ( ! classifi] is exhau/$4 ,! notation ( ! books on ! %elves corresponds to ^! divisions & sub-divisions4 ,! claims ( ?is sy/em1 :i* has be5 q ext5sively foll[$ 9 ! small] ,am]ican libr>ies1 & 9 _m ,european ones1 are economy1 simplicity1 brevity ( notation1 expansibility1 un*ang+ call-numb]s1 etc4 ,x has be5 criticis$ z too me*anical1 z illogical 9 arrangem5t ( classes1 z pres5t+ _m incongruities 9 its divisions1 z procru/ean1 z :olly inadequate 9 its classification ( jurisprud5ce1 etc4 ,x is p>tially us$ by libr>ians :o h _h to introduce radical *anges 9 portions ( ! classification1 & 9 fact x is und]/ood t ! classification has be5 v l>gely made ov] bo? 9 ,amh]/ ,college libr>y & 9 t ( ,columbia ,univ]sity1 ,n4 ,y41 :]e x 0 fully e/abli%$4 ,?is only adds to ! cumulative pro(s t libr>y classification _c be made an exact sci5ce1 b is 9 its nature indef9itely progressive & improvable4 ,its ma9 object is n to classify k1 b books4 ,!re be+ multitudes ( books t d n belong absolutely to any "o class1 all classification ( !m is necess>ily a compromise4 ,ne>ly all ! classification s*em]s h made ov] _! s*emes--"s ( !m _m times4 ,i am n argu+ aga9/ classification1 :i* is ess5tial to ! practical utility ( any libr>y4 ,an imp]fect classification is mu* bett] ?an none3 b ! t5d5cy to erect classification into a feti%1 & to lay d[n ca/-iron rules = x1 %\ld be gu>d$ aga9/4 ,9 any libr>y1 reasons ( conv5i5ce mu/ (t5 prevail ov] logical arrangem5t2 & he :o sp5ds "t due to prompt libr>y s]vice 9 worry+ ov] errors 9 a catalogue1 or vex+ 8 s\l at a faulty classification1 is z mi/ak5 z ^? fussy individuals :o fancy t !y are p]sonally responsible = ! obliquity ( ! e>?'s axis4 ,x may be add$ t 9 ! ,am]ican ,libr>y ,association's ,catalogue ( #e1jjj books = a popul> libr>y1 ,wa%+ton1 #ahic1 ! classification is giv5 bo? on ! ,dewey 7,decimal7 sy/em1 & on ! ,cutt] expansive sy/em1 s t all may take _! *oice4 ,! fix$ location sy/em ( arrangem5t1 by :i* e book is assign$ by its numb] to "o def9ite %elf1 is objectionable z prev5t+ accessions f be+ plac$ ) _! cognate books4 ,?is is ( su* c>d9al importance 9 e libr>y1 t a m ela/ic sy/em ( "s k9d %\ld be adopt$1 to save cont9ual re-numb]+4 ,no sy/em :i* makes m]e ari?metical progression a sub/itute = intr9sic qualities c long prove satisfactory4 ,! relative or movable location on %elves is n[ m g5]ally adopt$ ?an ! old plan ( numb]+ e %elf & assign+ a fix$ location to e volume on t %elf4 ,! book-m>ks1 if designat+ simply ! relative ord] ( ! volumes1 p]mit ! books to be mov$ along1 z accessions come 91 f %elf to %elf1 z ! latt] become cr[d$4 ,?is does n d]ange ! numb]s1 s9ce ! ord] ( succession is obs]v$4 ,= small t[n libr>ies no elaborate sy/em ( classification c prop]ly be attempt$4 ,"h1 ! mo/ conv5i5t gr\p+ is apt to prove ! be/1 because books are mo/ readily f\nd by x4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,i4 ,flet*] has outl9$ a s*eme = libr>ies ( #aj1jjj volumes or less1 z foll[s3 ,a4 ,fiction 7app5d$1 ,j4 ,juv5ile books72 ,b4 ,engli% & ,am]ican lit]ature2 ,c4 ,hi/ory2 ,d4 ,biography2 ,e4 ,travels2 ,f4 ,sci5ce2 ,g4 ,useful arts2 ,h4 ,f9e & recreative arts2 ,i4 ,political & social sci5ce2 ,k4 ,philosophy & religion2 ,l4 ,works on language & 9 =eign languages2 ,r4 ,ref]5ce books4 ,num]\s sub-divisions w\ld be requir$ to make su* a s*eme 7or inde$ any o!r7 fit any collection ( books4 ,9 arrang+ ! ma9 classes1 c>e %\ld be tak5 to br+ ^? mo/ drawn ^u ne> to ! deliv]y desk1 or *>g+ sy/em ( ! libr>y4 ,! alphabet is usefully appli$ 9 ! arrangem5t ( sev]al ( ! great classes ( books1 & 9 _m sub-divisions ( o!r classes4 ,?us1 all ,engli% & ,am]ican fiction may be arrang$ 9 a s+le alphabet ( au?ors1 includ+ ,engli% translations ( =eign works4 ,all collect$ works1 or polygraphy1 may =m an alphabet1 z well z poetry1 dramatic works1 collections ( lett]s1 & miscellanea1 arrang$ by au?ors' names4 ,9 any ( ^! classes1 sub-divisions by languages may be made1 if desir$4 ,! class biography may be/ be arrang$ 9 an alphabet ( ! subjects ( ! biographies1 r ?an ( writ]s1 = obvi\s reasons ( conv5i5ce 9 f9d+ at once ! books ab\t ea* p]son4 ,,*apt] #bb4 ,,catalogues4 ,catalogues ( libr>ies are useful to read]s 9 direct proportion to _! fulfilm5t ( ?ree conditions3 7#a7 ,quick & ready ref]5ce4 7#b7 ,arrang+ all au?ors' names 9 an alphabet1 foll[$ by titles ( _! works4 7#c7 ,subjects or titles 9 _! alphabetical ord] 9 ! same alphabet z ! au?ors4 ,?is is :at is kn[n z a ,diction>y catalogue2 b :y is x pref]able to any o!r8 ,because x answ]s m que/ions 9 less "t ?an any o!r4 ,! m preval5t /yles ( catalogues h be51 #a4 ,a li/ ( au?ors1 ) titles ( _! works "u ea*4 #b4 ,a catalogue ( subjects1 9 a classifi$ topical or alphabetical ord]1 ! au?ors & _! works be+ gr\p$ "u ea* head4 #c4 ,a catalogue attempt+ to comb9e ^! two1 by app5d+ to ! au?or-catalogue a class$ li/ ( subjects1 ) a brief ( au?ors "u ea*1 ref]r+ to ! page on :i* ! titles ( _! works may be f\nd2 or else1 #d4 ,app5d+ to ! subject-catalogue an alphabet ( au?ors1 ) simil> ref]5ces to pages "u subjects4 ,ea* ( ^! me?ods ( catalogue-mak+1 :ile v useful1 contrives to miss ! highe/ utility1 :i* lies 9 enabl+ ! read] to put 8 f+] on ! book he wants1 at "o glance ( ! eye4 ,! catalogue ( au?ors w n help him to subjects1 nor w ! catalogue ( subjects1 z a rule1 give ! au?ors & titles ) ! fullness t may be ne$$4 ,9 ei!r case1 a d\ble ref]5ce becomes necess>y1 consum+ j twice ! "t1 & 9 a two-column catalogue1 ?ree times ! "t requir$ 9 a diction>y catalogue4 ,! read] :o wants ,d>w9's ,orig9 ( ,species f9ds x readily en\gh by ! au?or-catalogue2 b he wants1 at ! same "t1 to f9d o!r works on ! same subject1 & all ! au?or-catalogues 9 ! _w w n help him to !m4 ,b give him a diction>y catalogue1 & he has1 9 ! same alphabet ) 8 ,d>w91 7if ! libr>y is l>ge7 doz5s ( books discuss+ ! !ory ( t great naturali/1 "u species1 evolution1 ,d>w9ism1 etc4 ,?us he f9ds t !re is no key :i* s quickly unlocks ! /ores ( k :i* a libr>y conta9s1 z a diction>y catalogue4 ,! objections to x are *iefly br\ght by m9ds s*ool$ 9 sy/ems1 :o look askance on all innovations1 & in/9ctively pref] r\nd-ab\t me?ods to %ort-h& ones4 ,ask su* an objector if he w\ld pref] 8 diction>y ( ! ,engli% language arrang$1 n alphabetically1 b subjectively1 s t all m$ical t]ms %\ld be def9$ only "u m$ic9e1 all species ( fi% describ$ only "u fi%es1 etc41 & he w probably say t !re is no analogy 9 ! case4 ,b ! analogy becomes app>5t :5 we f9d1 9 :at are call$ sy/ematic catalogues1 no two sy/ems alike1 & ! f9d+ ( books complicat$ by endless v>ieties ( classification1 ) no common alphabet to simplify ! se>*4 ,! au?ors ( sy/ems d\btless und]/& !m !mselves1 b no "o else does1 until he devotes "t to le>n ! key to !m2 & ev5 :5 le>n$1 ! k is n wor? ! "t lo/ 9 acquir+ x1 s9ce ! field cov]$ 9 any "o catalogue is s small4 ,alphabetical arrangem5t1 on ! o!r h&1 /rictly adh]$ to1 is a univ]sal key to ! au?ors & subjects & titles ( all ! books conta9$ 9 ! libr>y x repres5ts4 ,! devotee ( a bibliographical sy/em may be z mi/ak5 z ! slave ( a sci5tific t]m9ology4 ,he =gets t bibliography is n a s*ool = tea*+ all dep>tm5ts ( k1 b a brief & h&y index to books t may conta9 t k4 ,a /ud5t :o has once made a ?or\gh comp>ative te/ ( ! m]its1 z aids to wide & rapid rese>*1 ( ! old-fa%ion$ bibliographies & ! be/ mod]n diction>y catalogues1 w no m d5y ! sup]iority ( ! latt]1 ?an he w conte/ ! maxim t a /raight l9e is ! ne>e/ road betwe5 two po9ts4 ,meantime1 :ile doctors disagree1 disciples are free2 & ! disciples :o w\ld foll[ ! late/ guides 9 ! art h[ to make & use a catalogue1 mu/ get rid ( _m =mulas4 ,! read] w f9d 9 ! *apt] on bibliography1 notes on "s classes ( catalogues1 ) ! m notable examples ( !m4 ,we are "h conc]n$ ) ! true me?od ( prep>+ catalogues1 & su* pla9 rules z brevity w p]mit to be giv51 w be equally adapt$ to private or public libr>ies4 ,= m ample treatm5t1 ) reasons = & aga9/ _m rules laid d[n1 ref]5ce is made to ! able & acute "w1 ,rules = a ,diction>y ,catalogue1 by ,c4 ,a4 ,cutt]1 publi%$ by ! ,u4 ,s4 ,bureau ( ,education1 #c;d ed4 #ahia4 ,,cond5s$ ,,rules ,,= ,,an ,,au?or ,,& ,,title ,,catalogue4 ,prep>$ by ! ,co-op]ation ,committee ( ! ,am]ican ,libr>y ,association4 ,,entry4 ,books are to be ent]$ "u !3 ,surnames ( au?ors :5 asc]ta9$1 ! abbreviation ,anon4 be+ add$ to ! titles ( anonym\s works4 ,initials ( au?ors' names :5 ^! only are kn[n1 ! la/ initial be+ put fir/4 ,pseudonyms ( ! writ]s :5 ! real names are n asc]ta9$4 ,names ( editors ( collections1 ea* sep>ate item to be at ! same "t suffici5tly catalogu$ "u its own head+4 ,names ( c\ntries1 cities1 societies1 or o!r bodies :i* are responsible = _! publication4 ,fir/ ^w 7n an article or s]ial numb]7 ( ! titles ( p]iodicals & ( anonym\s books1 ! names ( ^: au?ors are n kn[n4 ,& a motto or ! designation ( a s]ies may be neglect$ :5 x beg9s a title1 & ! entry may be made "u ! fir/ ^w ( ! real title foll[+4 ,comm5t>ies accompany+ a text1 & translations1 are to be ent]$ "u ! head+ ( ! orig9al "w2 b comm5t>ies )\t ! text "u ! "n ( ! comm5tator4 ,a book entitl$ ,comm5t>y on 4444 & conta9+ ! text1 %\ld be put "u bo?4 ,! ,bible1 or any "p ( x 7includ+ ! ,apocrypha71 9 any language1 is to be ent]$ "u ! ^w ,bible4 ,! ,talmud & ,koran 7& p>ts ( !m7 are to be ent]$ "u ^? words2 ! sacr$ books ( o!r religions are to be ent]$ "u ! names by :i* !y are g5]ally kn[n2 ref]5ces to be giv5 f ! names ( editors1 translators1 etc4 ,! respond5t or def5d] ( an academical !sis is to be consid]$ z ! au?or1 unless ! "w unequivocally appe>s to be ! "w ( ! praeses4 ,books hav+ m ?an "o au?or to be ent]$ "u ! "o fir/ nam$ 9 ! title1 ) a ref]5ce f ea* ( ! o!rs4 ,reports ( civil actions are to be ent]$ "u ! "n ( ! p>ty to ! suit :i* /&s fir/ on ! title page4 ,reports ( cr[n & crim9al proce$+s are to be ent]$ "u ! "n ( ! def5dant4 ,admiralty proce$+s relat+ to vessels are to be put "u ! "n ( ! vessel4 ,noblem5 are to be ent]$ "u _! titles1 unless ! family "n is decid$ly bett] kn[n4 ,ecclesia/ical dignit>ies1 unless popes or sov]eigns1 are to be ent]$ "u _! surnames4 ,sov]eigns 7o!r ?an ,greek or ,roman71 rul+ pr9ces1 ,ori5tal writ]s1 popes1 fri>s1 p]sons canoniz$1 & all o!r p]sons kn[n only by _! fir/ "n1 are to be ent]$ "u ?is fir/ "n4 ,m>ri$ wom51 & o!r p]sons :o h *ang$ _! names1 are to be put "u ! la/ well-kn[n =m4 ,a pseudonym may be us$ in/ead ( ! surname 7& only a ref]5ce to ! pseudonym made "u ! surname7 :5 an au?or is mu* m kn[n by 8 false ?an by 8 real "n4 ,9 case ( d\bt1 use ! real "n4 ,a society is to be ent]$ "u ! fir/ ^w1 n an article1 ( its corporate "n1 ) ref]5ces f any o!r "n by :i* x is kn[n1 especially f ! "n ( ! place :]e its headqu>t]s are e/abli%$1 if x is (t5 call$ by t "n4 ,,ref]5ces4 ,:5 an au?or has be5 kn[n by m ?an "o "n1 ref]5ces %\ld be ins]t$ f ! "n or names n to be us$ z head+s to ! "o us$4 ,ref]5ces are also to be made to ! head+s *os53 ask$ = by _! titles2 f o!r /rik+ titles2 f noticeable words 9 anonym\s titles1 especially f ! names ( subjects ( anonym\s biographies2 f ! names ( editors ( p]iodicals1 :5 ! p]iodicals are g5]ally call$ by ! editor's "n2 f ! names ( important translators 7especially poetic translators7 & comm5tators2 f ! title ( an ecclesia/ical dignit>y1 :5 t1 & n ! family "n1 is us$ 9 ! book catalogu$2 & 9 o!r cases :]e a ref]5ce is ne$$ to insure ! ready f9d+ ( ! book4 ,,head+s4 ,9 ! head+ ( titles1 ! names ( au?ors are to be giv5 9 full1 & 9 _! v]nacul> =m1 except t ! ,lat9 =m may be us$ :5 x is m g5]ally kn[n1 ! v]nacul> =m be+ add$ 9 p>5!ses2 except1 also1 t sov]eigns & popes may be giv5 9 ! ,engli% =m4 ,engli% & ,fr5* surnames beg9n+ ) a prefix 7except ! ,fr5* de & d'7 are to be record$ "u ! prefix2 9 o!r languages "u ! ^w foll[+4 ,engli% comp\nd surnames are to be ent]$ "u ! la/ "p ( ! "n2 =eign ones "u ! fir/ "p4 ,designations are to be add$ to di/+ui% writ]s ( ! same "n f ea* o!r4 ,prefixes indicat+ ! rank or pr(ession ( writ]s may be add$ 9 ! head+1 :5 !y are "p ( ! usual designation ( ! writ]s4 ,names ( places to be giv5 9 ! ,engli% =m4 ,:5 bo? an ,engli% & a v]nacul> =m are us$ 9 ,engli% works1 pref] ! v]nacul>4 ,,titles4 ,! title is to be an exact transcript ( ! title-page1 nei!r am5d$1 translat$1 nor 9 any way alt]$1 except t mottos1 titles ( au?ors1 repetitions1 & matt] ( any k9d n ess5tial1 are to be omitt$4 ,:]e great accuracy is desirable1 omissions are to be indicat$ by ?ree dots 744474 ,! titles ( books especially valuable = antiquity or r>ity may be giv5 9 full1 ) all practicable precision4 ,! phraseology & spell+1 b n necess>ily ! punctuation1 ( ! title are to be exactly copi$4 ,any additions ne$$ to make ! title cle> are to be suppli$1 & inclos$ by brackets4 ,initial capitals are to be giv5 9 ,engli%3 not$ ev5ts1 & p]iods 7ea* sep>ate ^w n an article1 conjunction1 or preposition1 may be capitaliz$ 9 ^! cases72 to adjectives & o!r d]ivatives f prop] names :5 !y h a direct ref]5ce to ! p]son1 place1 etc41 f :i* !y are d]iv$2 to ! fir/ ^w ( e s5t5ce & ( e quot$ title2 to titles ( honor :5 /&+ in/ead ( a prop] "n 7e4 g41 ! ,e>l ( ,d]by1 b ,john ,/anley1 e>l ( ,d]by72 ,9 =eign languages1 accord+ to ! local usage2 ,9 d\btful cases capitals are to be avoid$4 ,=eign languages4--,titles 9 =eign *>act]s may be translit]at$4 ,! languages 9 :i* a book is writt5 are to be /at$ :5 !re are sev]al1 & ! fact is n app>5t f ! title4 ,,impr9ts4 ,aft] ! title are to be giv51 9 ! foll[+ ord]1 ^? 9 be+ optional3 ! place ( publication2 & ! publi%]'s "n 7^! ?ree 9 ! language ( ! title72 ! ye> z giv5 on ! title-page1 b 9 ,arabic figures2 ! ye> ( copyright or actual publication1 if kn[n to be diff]5t 9 brackets1 & prec$$ by c4 or p4 z ! case may be2 ! numb] ( volumes1 or ( pages if !re is only "o volume2 ! numb] ( maps1 portraits1 or illu/rations n includ$ 9 ! text2 & ei!r ! approximate size designat$ by lett]1 or ! exact size 9 c5timet]s2 ! "n ( ! s]ies to :i* ! book belongs is to be giv5 9 p>5!ses aft] ! o!r impr9t entries4 ,aft] ! place ( publication1 ! place ( pr9t+ may be giv5 if diff]5t4 ,?is is desirable only 9 r>e & old books4 ,! numb] ( pages is to be indicat$ by giv+ ! la/ numb] ( ea* pag+1 connect+ ! numb]s by ! sign 2 ! addition ( unpag$ matt] may be %[n by a 1 or ! numb] ( pages asc]ta9$ by c\nt+ may be giv5 9 brackets4 ,:5 !re are m ?an ?ree pag+s1 x is bett] to add !m toge!r & give ! sum 9 brackets4 ,^! impr9t entries are to give ! facts1 :e!r asc]ta9$ f ! book or f o!r s\rces2 ^? :i* are usually tak5 f ! title 7edition1 place1 publi%]'s "n1 & s]ies7 %\ld be 9 ! language ( ! title1 corrections & additions be+ inclos$ 9 brackets4 ,x is bett] to give ! words1 maps1 portraits1 etc41 & ! abbreviations = volumes & pages1 9 ,engli%4 ,,cont5ts1 ,,notes4 ,notes 79 ,engli%7 & cont5ts ( volumes are to be giv5 :5 necess>y to prop]ly describe ! works4 ,bo? notes & li/s ( cont5ts to be 9 a small] type4 ,,miscellane\s4 ,a s+le da% or ind5t indicates ! omission ( ! prec$+ head+2 a subsequ5t da% or ind5t indicates ! omission ( a subord9ate head+1 or ( a title4 ,a da% connect+ numb]s signifies to & includ+2 foll[+ a numb] x signifies cont9uation4 ,a 8 foll[+ a ^w or entry signifies probably4 ,brackets inclose words add$ to titles or impr9ts1 or *ang$ 9 =m4 ,arabic figures are to be us$ r ?an ,roman2 b small capitals may be us$ aft] ! names ( sov]eigns1 pr9ces1 & popes4 ,a li/ ( abbreviations to be us$ 0 giv5 9 ! ,libr>y j\rnal1 ,vol4 #c3 #af-bj4 ,,arrangem5t4 ,! surname :5 us$ alone prec$es ! same "n us$ ) =5ames2 :]e ! initials only ( ! =5ames are giv51 !y are to prec$e fully writt5 =5ames beg9n+ ) ! same initials 7e4 g41 ,br[n1 ,br[n1 ,j42 ,br[n1 ,j4 ,l42 ,br[n1 ,james74 ,! prefixes ,m & ,mc1 ,s41 ,/41 ,/e41 ,messrs41 ,mr41 & ,mrs41 are to be arrang$ z if writt5 9 full1 ,mac1 ,sanctus1 ,sa9t1 ,sa9te1 ,messieurs1 ,mi/]1 & ,mi/ress4 ,! works ( an au?or are to be arrang$ 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 #b4 ,p>tial collections4 #c4 ,s+le works1 alphabetically1 by ! fir/ ^w ( ! title4 ,! ord] ( alphabet+ is to be t ( ! ,engli% alphabet4 ,! ,g]man ae1 oe1 ue1 are always to be writt5 z 1 1 1 & arrang$ z a1 o1 u4 ,names ( p]sons are to prec$e simil> names ( places1 :i* 9 turn prec$e simil> fir/ words ( titles4 ,a few desirable modifications or additions to ^! rules may be sugge/$4 #a4 ,9 title-entries1 let ! ye> ( publication /& la/1 in/ead ( ! indication ( size4 #b4 ,noblem5 to be ent]$ "u _! family names1 ) ref]5ce f _! titles4 #c4 ,in/ead ( designations ( title1 pr(ession1 resid5ce1 or family1 to di/+ui% au?ors1 let e "n be foll[$ by ! *ronology1 z-- ,james 7,h5ry7 #ahaa-hb4 ,james 7,h5ry7 #ahdc- ,x is highly desirable to give ?is in=mation z to ! au?or's p]iod 9 e title-head+1 )\t exception1 :5 asc]ta9able4 ,if unkn[n1 ! approximate p]iod to be giv51 ) a qu]y4 #d4 ,all titles to be writt5 9 small lett]s1 & pr9t$ 9 l[] case1 :e!r 9 ,engli%1 ,g]man1 or any o!r language1 avoid+ capitals except 9 cases nam$ 9 ! rule4 #e4 ,works )\t date1 :5 ! exact date is n f\nd1 are to be describ$ conjecturally1 ?us3 #afij8 or ab\t #ahdj4 #f4 ,9 express+ collations1 use commas r ?an ! sign betwe5 ! pag+s1 z--xvi1 #deb1 vii pp4--n xvi#debvii pp4 #g4 ,=5ames %\ld be sep>at$ f ! surnames :i* prec$e !m by p>5!sis r ?an commas1 z a cle>] discrim9ation3 z-- ,alemb]t 7,jean ,bapti/e le ,rond d'7--n ,alemb]t1 ,jean ,bapti/e le ,rond d'4 ,! pr9t$ catalogue ( ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y foll[s ?is me?od1 z well z t 9 ! prec$+ p>agraph4 #h4 ,all books ( hi/ory1 travels1 or voyages to h ! p]iod cov]$ by !m ins]t$ 9 brackets1 :5 n express$ 9 ! title-page4 #i4 ,all collect$ works ( au?ors1 & all libr>ies or collections ( diff]5t works to be analys$ by giv+ ! cont5ts ( ea* volume1 ei!r 9 ord] ( volumes1 or alphabetically by au?ors' names4 ,( c\rse !re are multitudes ( po9ts 9 catalogue practice n provid$ = 9 ! necess>ily brief summ>y prec$+3 &1 z books on ! art ab\nd1 ! writ] gives only su* space to x z ju/ice to ! wide range ( libr>y topics "h treat$ p]mits4 ,probably ! mo/ important "q 9 prep>+ catalogue titles1 is :at space to give to ! au?or's frequ5tly long-drawn-out v]biage 9 8 title-page4 ,!re are two extremes to be consid]$3 7#a7 ,copy+ ! title lit]ally & 9 full1 h[ev] prolix2 & 7#b7 r$uc+ all title-pages1 by a ,procru/ean rule1 to :at we may call "o-l9e titles4 ,take an example3 ,jones 7,ri*>d ,t47 ,a !oretical & practical treatise on ! b5efits ( agriculture to mank9d4 ,) an app5dix conta9+ _m useful reflections d]iv$ f practical exp]i5ce4 iv1 #chi pp4 #h4 ,london1 ,,mdccxliv4 ,z abridg$ to a %ort title1 ?is w\ld read3 ,jones 7,ri*>d ,t47 ,b5efits ( agriculture1 iv1 #chi pp4 #h4 ,lond4 #agdd4 ,:o w say t ! la/ =m ( title does n convey sub/antially all t is significant ( ! book1 /ripp$ ( sup]flu\s v]biage8 ,b we ne$ n insi/ ^u titles cr[d$ into a s+le l9e ( ! catalogue1 :e!r writt5 or pr9t$4 ,?is w\ld d viol5ce to ! actual scope ( _m books1 by suppress+ "s significant or important "p ( _! titles4 ,! rule %\ld be to give 9 ! briefe/ words select$ out ( ! title 7nev] import$ into x7 ! ess5tial "* ( ! book1 s f> z ! au?or has express$ x4 ,take ano!r example3 ,b[man 7,?omas7 ,a new1 easy1 & complete ,hebrew c\rse2 conta9+ a ,hebrew gramm>1 ) copi\s ,hebrew & ,engli% ex]cises1 /rictly graduat$3 also1 a ,hebrew-,engli% & ,engli%-,hebrew lexicon4 ,9 two p>ts4 ,"p ,i4 ,regul> v]bs4 ,ed9burgh1 #ahgi4 ,?is might be usefully cond5s$ ?us3 ,b[man1 7,?omas7 ,hebrew c\rse3 gramm>1 ex]cises1 lexicon1 c4 ,"p ,i4 ,regul> v]bs4 ,ed9burgh1 #ahgi4 ,"o objection br\ght aga9/ ! diction>y catalogue is t x widely sep>ates subjects t belong toge!r4 ,9 ! ,bo/on ,a!naeum catalogue1 = example1 ! topic ,banks is f\nd 9 ,vol4 #a1 :ile ,money is 9 ,vol4 #c2 & = ,wages1 "o mu/ g to ,vol4 #e1 :ile ,labor is 9 ,vol4 #c4 ,b !re are two valid reasons = ?is4 ,fir/1 ! read] :o wants to "k ab\t banks or wages may c>e no?+ ab\t ! l>g] topics ( money or ( labor2 & secondly1 if he does want !m1 he is s5t to !m at once by cross-ref]5ce1 :]e !y belong 9 ! alphabet2 :]eas1 if !y 7 gr\p$ "u ,political ,economy1 z 9 class$ catalogues1 he mu/ hunt = !m ?r\gh a maze ( unrelat$ books1 )\t any alphabet at all4 ,x is (t5 =gott5 by ! advocates ( sy/ematic subject catalogues r ?an alphabetical ones1 t catalogues are = ^? :o d n "k1 m ?an = ^? :o d4 ,! ord] ( ! alphabet is settl$ & famili>2 b no classification by subjects is ei!r famili> or settl$4 ,catalogues %\ld aim at ! greate/ conv5i5ce ( ! greate/ numb] ( read]s4 ,x is notewor?y t ! ,engli% ,catalogue 7! "o national bibliography ( ! curr5t lit]ature ( t c\ntry7 has adopt$1 s9ce #ahia1 ! diction>y =m ( record+ au?ors1 titles & subjects 9 "o alphabet1 di/+ui%+ au?ors' names by antique type4 ,x is hop$ t ! ,am]ican ,catalogue1 an indisp5sable "w 9 all libr>ies1 w adopt 9 its annual & qu9qu5nial issues ! "t-sav+ me?od ( a s+le alphabet4 ,x is n claim$ t ! diction>y catalogue possesses fully all ! advantages 9 educat+ read]s t ! be/ class$ catalogues embody4 ,b ! *ief end ( catalogues be+ to f9d books promptly1 r ?an to educate read]s1 ! fact t ! diction>y catalogue1 ?\gh f> f p]fect1 comes ne>] to ! true object ?an any o!r sy/em1 weighs heavily 9 its favor4 ,edw>d ,edw>ds said--,_m a read] has sp5t :ole days 9 book-hunt+ 9 catalogues :i* ought to h be5 sp5t 9 book-read+4 ,x is to save ?is wa/$ "t t catalogues %\ld aim4 ,no?+ c be easi] ?an to make a poor catalogue1 :ile no?+ is m difficult ?an to make a good "o4 ,! mo/ exp]t ,fr5* bibliograph]s :o h di/+ui%$ !mselves by compil+ catalogues h be5 mo/ sev]ely criticis$ by writ]s :o no d\bt w\ld h be5 victimiz$ 9 _! turn if !y _h und]tak5 simil> "w4 ,byron says ,a man mu/ s]ve 8 "t to e trade1 ,save c5sure2--critics all are ready made4 ,:5 ,de ,bure & ,van ,praet1 mo/ accompli%$ bibliograph]s1 publi%$ ! catalogue ( ! preci\s libr>y ( ! duke de ,la ,vallire1 ! abb ,rive boa/$ t he _h discov]$ a blund] 9 e "o ( ! five ?\s& titles ( _! catalogue4 ,b>bi] & ,brunet h bo? be5 criticis$ = sw>ms ( errors 9 ! e>li] editions ( _! fam\s catalogues4 ,! task ( ! exact catalogu] is full ( difficulty1 con/antly r5ew$1 & dem&+ almo/ encyclopa$ic k1 & incessant c>e ( m9ute p>ticul>s4 ,! liability to error is s great 9 a k9d ( "w :i*1 m ?an almo/ any o!r1 dem&s ! mo/ scrupul\s accuracy1 le/ a catalogue %\ld record a book ) su* mi/akes z to completely mislead a read]1 t rules are imp]atively necess>y4 ,& :atev] rules are adopt$1 a rigid adh]5ce to !m is no less ess5tial1 to avoid misappreh5sion & confusion4 ,a s+ul> in/ance ( imp]fect & mislead+ catalogue "w 0 unwitt+ly furni%$ by ,mr4 ,j4 ,payne ,colli]1 a not$ ,engli% critic1 au?or1 & libr>ian1 :o criticis$ ! sl[ progress ( ! ,briti% ,museum catalogue1 say+ t he c\ld himself d tw5ty-five titles an h\r )\t tr\ble4 ,8 tw5ty-five titles :5 exam9$1 7 f\nd to conta9 almo/ e possible error t c be made 9 catalogu+ books4 ,^! includ$ us+ names ( translators or editors z head+s1 :5 ! au?or's "n 0 on ! title-page2 omitt+ *ri/ian names ( au?ors2 omitt+ to specify ! edition2 us+ ,engli% in/ead ( =eign words to give ! titles ( =eign books2 adopt+ titl$ in/ead ( family names = au?ors 7:i* w\ld sep>ate ,/anhope's ,engl& "u ,que5 ,anne f ! same writ]'s ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 publi%$ :5 he 0 ,"l ,mahon72 errors 9 gramm>1 etc4 ,^! ridicul\s blund]s ( a tw5ty-five-title-an-h\r man exemplify ! maxim ! m ha/e1 ! worse spe$1 9 catalogue-mak+4 ,t our ,briti% bre?r5 are nei!r adapt$ nor incl9$ to pose z exempl>s 9 ! f9e art ( catalogu+1 we ne$ only cite _! own self-criticisms to prove4 ,"h are two confessions f\nd 9 two au?ors ( books on catalogue-mak+1 bo? ,engli%m54 ,says "o3 ,we are defici5t 9 good bibliographies4 ,x is a /&+ disgrace to ! c\ntry t we h no complete bibliography ( ,engli% au?ors1 mu* less ( ,engli% lit]ature g5]ally4 ,says ano!r3 ,! ,engli% are a supremely illogical p4 ,! disposition to irregul>ity has made ,engli% bibliography1 or "w on catalogues1 a by-^w among ^? :o give att5tion to ^! matt]s4 ,an ,am]ican may well add1 ,!y d ^! ?+s bett] 9 ,france & ,g]many1 :ile decl9+ to claim ! me$ ( sup]iority = ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,too mu* prom95ce %\ld n be giv5 to place-numb]s 9 libr>y catalogues4 ,! t5d5cy to sub/itute m]e num]ical signs = au?ors & subjects has be5 c>ri$ s f> 9 "s libr>ies1 t books are call$ = & *>g$ by class-numb]s only1 in/ead ( _! di/9ctive names4 ,an ,engli% libr>ian te/ifies t assi/ants tra9$ 9 su* libr>ies are g5]ally ! mo/ ignorant ( lit]ature4 ,:5 me*anical or mnemonical signs are :olly sub/itut$ = ideas & = au?ors1 is x any wond] t p]sons incessantly us+ !m become me*anical8 ,let catalogue & classification g h& 9 h& 9 br++ all relat$ books toge!r1 & libr>y assi/ants w n /unt _! intellects by becom+ bond-slaves to ! n9e digits1 nor lose ! p[] ( ?\ght & reflection by nev] gr[+ out ( _! a b c's4 ,!re are two =ms ( catalogue n "h discuss$1 :i* are adjuncts to ! libr>y catalogue prop]4 ,! accession catalogue1 kept 9 a l>ge volume1 records ! p>ticul>s reg>d+ e volume1 on its receipt by ! libr>y4 ,x gives au?or1 title1 date1 size1 b9d+1 :5ce acquir$1 co/1 etc41 & assigns x an accession numb]1 :i* x ev] aft] reta9s4 ,! %elf catalogue 7or %elf-li/7 is a portable "o divid$ into sections repres5t+ ! cases ( %elves 9 ! libr>y4 ,x gives ! %elf classification numb]1 au?or1 brief title & numb] ( volumes ( ea* book1 z arrang$ on ! %elves2 ?us con/itut+ an inv5tory ( ea* case1 or /ack1 ?r\gh\t ! libr>y4 ,to *eck a libr>y ov] is to take an acc\nt ( /ock ( all ! books x %\ld conta94 ,?is is done annually 9 "s libr>ies1 & ! defici5cies report$4 ,all libr>ies lose "s books1 h[ev] few1 & ^! losses w be small or great accord+ to ! c>e ex]cis$ & ! safe-gu>ds provid$4 ,! me?od is to take "o division ( ! libr>y at a "t1 & *eck (f all books on ! %elves by _! numb]s on ! %elf-li/1 supplem5t$ by c>eful exam9ation ( all numb]s drawn out1 or at b9d]y1 or 9 o!r p>ts ( ! libr>y4 ,n a volume %\ld be abs5t unacc\nt$ =4 ,^? f\nd miss+ aft] a c]ta9 "t %\ld be not$ on ! %elf-li/ & accession book1 & replac$1 if important1 aft] ! loss is def9itely assur$4 ,! reason = writ+ & pr9t+ all catalogue titles 9 small lett]s1 )\t capitals 7except = prop] names7 is two-fold4 ,fir/1 !re c be no /&>d prescrib+ :at words %\ld or %\ld n be capitaliz$1 & ! catalogu] w be con/antly at a loss1 or w use capitals 9 ! mo/ unpr9cipl$ way4 ,he w write "o day1 p]haps1 ,! ,dang]s ( great ,cities1 & ! next1 ,! dang]s ( ,great cities--) no controll+ reason = ei!r =m4 ,secondly1 ! symmetry ( a title or a s5t5ce1 :e!r writt5 or pr9t$1 is be/ atta9$ by ! uni=m exclusion ( capitals4 ,t ?is %\ld be appli$ to all languages1 not)/&+ ! habit ( mo/ ,g]man typograph]s ( pr9t+ all n\ns ) capitals1 is borne out by no less an au?ority ?an ! new ,grimm's ,deuts*es ,wrt]bu*1 :i* pr9ts all words 9 l[] case type except prop] names4 ,no?+ c be m unsightly ?an ! con/ant break+ up ( ! h>mony ( a l9e by ! caprici\s use ( capitals4 ,to discrim9ate c>efully ! v>i\s editions ( ea* "w is "p ( ! necess>y duty ( ! catalogu]4 ,_m books h pass$ ?r\gh sev]al editions1 & z ^! are by no means always specifi$ on ! title-page1 "o %\ld e/abli% ! sequ5ce1 if possible1 by o!r means4 ,! fir/ edition is "o :i* includes all copies pr9t$ f ! plates or ! type z fir/ set2 ! second1 "o :i* is repr9t$1 ) or )\t *anges 9 ! text or ! title4 ,fir/ editions (t5 acquire a greatly enhanc$ value1 9 ! case ( a not$ au?or1 by reason ( *anges made 9 ! text 9 lat] issues ( ! "w4 ,= ?\gh ! late/ revision may & %\ld be ! au?or's be/ improv$ expression1 8 e>lie/ furni%es food = ! hunt]s ( lit]>y curiosities4 ,e catalogue %\ld di/+ui% fir/ editions ?us #a/ ed4 9 brackets4 ,9 ! arrangem5t ( titles 9 catalogues1 ei!r ( ! v>i\s works ( ! same writ]1 or ( _m books on ! same subject1 "s compil]s foll[ ! alphabetical ord]1 :ile o!rs pref] ! *ronological--or ! ord] ( ye>s ( publication ( ! v>i\s works4 ,! latt] has ! advantage ( %[+ ! read] ! e>li] z di/+ui%$ f ! rec5t lit]ature1 b 9 a long sequ5ce ( au?ors 79 a subject-catalogue7 x is m difficult to f9d a giv5 writ]'s "w1 or to detect its abs5ce4 ,! task ( accurately di/ribut+ ! titles 9 a catalogue ( subjects w\ld be mu* simplifi$1 if ! books 7 all prop]ly nam$4 ,b x is an unhappy fail+ ( _m writ]s to give fanciful or f>-fet*$ titles to _! books1 s t1 in/ead ( a descriptive "n1 !y h names t describe no?+4 ,?is adds indef9itely to ! labor ( ! catalogu]1 :o mu/ sp5d "t to analyse to "s ext5t ! cont5ts ( ! book1 be=e he c classify x4 ,?is mu/ be done to avoid :at may be gross errors 9 ! catalogue4 ,famili> examples are ,rusk9's ,notes on ,%eep-folds 7an ecclesia/ical criticism7 classifi$ "u ,agriculture2 & ,edgewor?'s ,iri% ,bulls "u ,dome/ic animals4 ,! "w ( alphabet+ a l>ge numb] ( title-c>ds is mu* simplifi$ & abbreviat$ by obs]v+ c]ta9 obvi\s rules 9 ! di/ribution4 7#a7 ,ga!r 9 ! same pile all ! c>ds 9 ! fir/ lett] ( ! alphabet1 ,a1 foll[$ 9 successive p>allel r[s by all ! ,b's1 & s on1 to ! lett] ,z4 7#b7 ,next1 pursue ! same c\rse ) all ! titles1 arrang+ "u ! second lett] ( ! alphabet1 ,aa1 ,ab1 ,ac1 etc41 & s ) all ! c>ds "u ,b4 ,c4 c4 = all ! lett]s4 7#c7 ,if !re /ill rema9 a great _m titles to di/ribute into a clos] alphabetic sequ5ce1 ! ?ird op]ation w consi/ 9 arrang+ "u ! ?ird lett] ( ! alphabet1 e4 g41 ,abb1 ,abc1 ,abd1 etc4 ,! same me?od is pursu$ ?r\gh\t ! entire alphabet1 until all ! title-c>ds are arrang$ 9 /rict ord]4 ,too mu* c>e _c be tak5 to di/+ui% betwe5 books writt5 by diff]5t au?ors1 b be>+ ! same "n4 ,_m catalogues are full ( errors 9 ?is respect1 attribut+1 = example1 works writt5 by ,jona?an ,edw>ds1 ! y\ng]1 7#agde-ahja7 to ,jona?an ,edw>ds ! eld]1 7#agjc-eh72 or catalogu+ "u ,h5ry ,james1 ,jr41 ! works ( 8 fa!r1 ,h5ry ,james4 ,! abundant means ( id5tification :i* exi/ %\ld cause su* errors to be avoid$2 & :5 ! true au?or%ip is fix$1 e au?or's *ronology %\ld appe> next aft] 8 "n on e c>d-title3 e4 g4 ,james 7,h5ry1 #ahaa-hb7 ,moralism & ,*ri/ianity1 ,new ,york1 #ahej4 ,james 7,h5ry1 #ahdc- 7 ,daisy ,mill]1 ,n4 ,y4 #ahgi4 ,! designation ( book sizes is a vex$ "q 9 catalogues4 ,! g5]ally us$ descriptions ( size1 f folio d[n to #dhmo4 signify no accurate measurem5t :atev]1 ! same book be+ describ$ by diff]5t catalogues z #abmo4 #hvo1 cr[n #hvo4 c41 accord+ to fancy2 :ile ! same catalogu] :o describes a volume z octavo to-day1 is v likely to call x a duodecimo to-morr[4 ,libr>y catalogues are full ( ^! het]og5e\s descriptions1 & ! size-notation is ! bte noir ( ! vet]an bibliograph]1 & ! despair ( ! infant libr>ian4 ,yet x is probable t ! "q has excit$ a discussion out ( all proportion to its importance4 ,( :at consequ5ce is ! size ( a book to any "o1 except to ! se>*] :o has to f9d x on ! %elves8 ,:ile ! matt] has be5 mu* exagg]at$1 "s conc]t or uni=mity 9 describ+ ! sizes ( books is highly desirable4 ,a ,committee ( ! ,am]ican ,libr>y ,association agre$ to a size-notation1 figur$ bel[1 adopt+ ! metric sy/em z ! /&>d1 to :i* we add ! approximate equival5ts 9 in*es4 ,c5timetres ,size outside ,sizes4 abbreviations4 height4 ,in*es4 ,folio1 ,f4 ,f #dj #af ,qu>to1 #d4 ,q #cj #ab ,octavo1 #h4 ,o #be #aj ,duodecimo1 #ab4 ,d #bj #h ,sixte5 mo41 #af4 ,s #ag4e #g ,tw5ty-f\r mo41 #bd4 ,t #ae #f ,?irty-two mo41 #cb4 ,tt #ab4c #e ,=ty-eight mo41 #dh4 ,fe #aj #d ,x w be und]/ood t ! figure aga9/ ea* size indicat$ repres5ts ! maximum measure3 e4 g4 a volume is octavo :5 above #bj & bel[ #be c5timetres 7#h to #aj in*es high74 ,z ?is "q ( sizes conc]ns publi%]s & booksell]s1 z well z libr>ians1 & ! metric sy/em1 ?\gh e/abli%$ 9 cont95tal ,europe1 is 9 little use 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,engl&1 x rema9s d\btful if any g5]al adh]5ce to ?is sy/em ( notation c be rea*$--or1 inde$1 to any o!r4 ,! ,publi%]s' ,weekly 7,n4 ,y47 ! organ ( ! book trade1 has adopt$ x = ! titles ( new books actually 9 h&1 b foll[s ! publi%]s' descriptions ( sizes z to o!rs4 ,libr>ian ,j4 ,w9t] ,jones1 ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 recomm5d$ class+ all books above twelve in*es 9 height z folios1 ^? betwe5 t5 & twelve in*es z qu>tos1 ^? f sev5 to t5 in*es z octavos1 & all measur+ sev5 in*es or "u z #abmos4 ,mr4 ,h4 ,b4 ,:eatley1 9 8 "w1 ,h[ to ,catalogue a ,libr>y1 #ahhi1 propos$ to call all books small octavos :i* measure bel[ ! ord9>y octavo size4 ,z all sizes run into ea* o!r1 & ! =m] classification by ! fold ( ! %eets is q obsolete1 p appe> to be left to _! own devices 9 describ+ ! sizes ( books4 ,:ile ! metric notation w\ld be exact1 if ! size ( e book 7 express$ 9 c5timetres1 ! size-notation 9 ! table giv5 is :olly want+ 9 precision1 & has no m claim to be adopt$ ?an any o!r arbitr>y plan4 ,/ill1 x w s]ve ord9>y wants1 & ! fact t we _c rea* an exact /&>d is no reason = refus+ to be z ne>ly exact z we c4 ,& :ile we are ^u ! subject ( notation may be add$ a brief explanation ( ! me?od adopt$ 9 e>li] ages1 7& especially ! ye>s reckon$ f ! ,*ri/ian era7 to express numb]s by ,roman num]als4 ,! "o simple pr9ciple 01 t ea* lett] plac$ aft] a figure ( great] equal value adds to x j ! value :i* itself has2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 a lett] ( less value plac$ be=e 7or on ! left (7 a l>g] figure1 dim9i%es ! value ( t figure 9 ! same proportion4 ,= example3 ,^! lett]s--,,vi repres5t six2 :i* is ! same z say+ ,v,i4 ,on ! contr>y1 ^! same lett]s rev]s$ repres5t f\r2 ?us--,,iv3 t is ,v-,i#d4 ,n9e is repres5t$ by ,,ix1 i4 e41 ,x-,i1 t5 m9us "o4 ,on ! same pr9ciple1 ,,lx repres5ts #fj--or ,l,n3 :]eas ,,xl means #dj--;be+ ,l-,x4 ,proce$+ on ! same basis1 we f9d t ,,lxx,l,,xx#gj2 & ,,lxxx or ,l,,xxx is #hj4 ,b :5 we come to n9ety1 in/ead ( add+ f\r ,x's to ! ,l1 !y took a %ort] me?od1 & express$ x 9 two figures in/ead ( five1 ?us1 ,,xc1 i4 e4 #ajj or ,c-,x#ij4 ,! rem>kable ?+ ab\t ?is ,roman notation is t only six lett]s suffic$ to express all numb]s up to "o ?\s&1 & ev5 beyond1 by skilful & simple comb9ations3 namely ! ,i1 ! ,v1 ! ,x1 ! ,l1 ! ,c1 & ! ,m1 & by add+ or subtract+ "s ( ^! lett]s1 :5 plac$ be=e or aft] ano!r lett]1 !y _h a :ole succession ( numb]s done to _! h&--?us3 ,i1 #a ,,xx1 #bj ,,cc1 #bjj ,,ii1 #b ,,xxx1 #cj ,,ccc1 #cjj ,,iii1 #c ,,xl1 #dj ,,cccc1 #djj ,,iv1 #d ,l1 #ej ,d1 #ejj ,v1 #e ,,lx1 #fj ,,dc1 #fjj ,,vi1 #f ,,lxx1 #gj ,,dcc1 #gjj ,,vii1 #g ,,lxxx1 #hj ,,dccc1 #hjj ,,viii1 #h ,,xc1 #ij ,,cm1 #ijj ,,ix1 #i ,c 7c5tum71 #ajj ,m1 7mille71 #a1jjj ,x1 #aj ,n[1 :5 ! e>ly pr9t]s came to apply dates ( publication to ! books !y issu$1 7& "h is :]e _! me?ods ( notation become mo/ important to libr>ians7 !y us$ precisely ^! me?ods4 ,= example1 to express ! ye> #afie1 !y pr9t$ x ?us3 ,,mdcvc1 t is--#ajjjejjajjajj-e4 ,b ! pr9t]s ( ! #ae? c5tury & lat]1 (t5 us$ complications ( lett]s1 dictat$ by caprice r ?an by any fix$ pr9ciples1 s t x is sometimes difficult to int]pret c]ta9 dates 9 ! colophons or title-pages ( books1 )\t collat]al aid ( "s k9d1 usually suppli$ to ! libr>ian by bibliographies4 ,"o ( ! simpl] me?ods ( dep>ture f ! regul> notation z above expla9$1 0 to sub/itute = ! lett] ,d 7#ejj7 two lett]s1 ?us--,iinv]t$ ,c1 an ,i & a ,c inv]t$1 suppos$ to resemble ! lett] ,d 9 outl9e4 ,ano!r fancy 0 to replace ! ,m1 /&+ = #a1jjj1 by ! symbols ,,ciinv]t$ ,c--:i* pres5t a fa9t approa* to ! outl9e ( ! lett] ,m1 = :i* !y /&4 ,?us1 to express ! ye> #afaj1 we h ?is comb9ation--,,ciinv]t$ ,c ,iinv]t$ ,c ,,cx1 :i* w\ld be indeciph]able to a mod]n read]1 un9/ruct$ 9 ! num]ical signs anci5tly us$1 & _! values4 ,9 l mann]1 #aedh is express$ ?us3 ,,mdxliix1 mean+ #ajjjejjdjaj-b4 ,& = #afbf1 we h ,,ciinv]t$ ,c ,iinv]t$ ,c ,c ,,xxvi4 ,z e consid]able libr>y has e>ly pr9t$ books1 a libr>ian mu/ "k ^! peculi>ities ( notation1 9 ord] to catalogue !m prop]ly1 )\t mi/ake z to _! dates4 ,9 "s books1 :]e a caprici\s comb9ation ( ,roman num]als leaves him )\t a prec$5t to guide him to ! true date1 ref]5ce mu/ be _h to ! bibliographies ( ! old] lit]ature1 7z ,ha91 ,panz]1 etc471 :i* w commonly solve ! d\bt4 ,z to ! me*anics ( catalogue-mak+1 widely diff]5t usages & mat]ials prevail4 ,9 ,am]ica1 ! c>d or title-slip sy/em is well nigh univ]sal1 :ile 9 ,engl& x is b sl[ly ga9+ gr\nd1 z aga9/ ! l$g] or blank book catalogue4 ,its obvi\s advantage lies 9 af=d+ ! only possible means ( ma9ta9+ a /rict alphabetical sequ5ce 9 titles1 :e!r ( au?ors or subjects4 ,! title-c>ds %\ld be always ( uni=m size1 & ! measure mo/ 9 vogue is five in*es 9 l5g? by ?ree in*es 9 bread?4 ,!y %\ld n be too /iff1 ?\gh ( suffici5t ?ickness1 :e!r ( pap] or ( ?9 c>d bo>d1 to /& upright )\t d\bl+ at ! edges4 ,!y may be rul$ or pla91 at pleasure1 & kept 9 draw]s1 trays1 or 79 case ( a small catalogue7 9 su* pa/e-bo>d boxes z lett] envelopes come 94 ,! _m advantages ( ! c>d sy/em1 bo? = catalogues & indexes1 %\ld n lead u to ov]look its palpable defects4 ,^! are 7#a7 ,x obliges read]s to manipulate _m c>ds1 to arrive at all ! works ( an au?or1 or all ! books on any subject1 in/ead ( hav+ !m "u 8 eye at once1 z 9 pr9t$ catalogues4 7#b7 ,x c be us$ only 9 ! libr>y1 & 9 only "o place 9 ! libr>y1 & by only "o p]son at a "t 9 ! same spot1 :ile a pr9t$ catalogue c be freely us$ any:]e1 & by any numb]s1 copies be+ multipli$4 7#c7 ,x entails frequ5t cr[d+ ( read]s ar\nd ! catalogue draw]s1 :o ne$ to consult ! same subjects or au?ors at ! same "t4 7#d7 ,x requires immeasurably m room ?an a pr9t$ catalogue1 & 9 fact1 exacts space :i* 9 "s libr>ies c be ill af=d$4 7#e7 ,x obliges read]s to se>* ! title-c>ds at inconv5i5t angles ( vision1 & (t5 ) inadequate light4 7#f7 ,x is cumb]some 9 itself1 & d\bly cumb]some to se>*]s1 :o mu/ /& up in/ead ( sitt+ to consult x1 & travel f draw] to draw]1 int]f]+ ) o!r se>*]s almo/ con/antly1 or los+ "t 9 wait+4 7#g7 ,to ?is is add$ ! inconv5i5ce ( con/ant ins]tion ( new title-c>ds by memb]s ( ! libr>y /aff1 & ! "t-consum+ process ( work+ ! rods :i* keep ! c>ds 9 place1 if !y are us$1 & if n us$1 ! risk ( loss ( titles1 or misplacem5t equival5t to loss = a "t4 ,says ,mr4 ,h4 ,b4 ,:eatley3 ,i c sc>cely imag9e any?+ m madd5+ ?an a frequ5t ref]5ce to c>ds 9 a draw]4 ,b x is to be consid]$ t all sy/ems h defects1 & ! problem ( *oos+ ! lea/ defective is ev] be=e u4 ,mo/ ( ! sugge/$ defects ( ! c>d catalogue1 z conc]ns ! read]s1 c be obviat$ by mak+ a two-fold catalogue1 ! type-writt5 titles be+ manifold$1 & "o set arrang$ 9 c>d-draw]s = ! use ( ! libr>y /aff1 :ile ano!r is m\nt$ on l>ge %eets 9 b\nd volumes = use ( ! public4 ,?is w\ld secure ! advantages ( a pr9t$ catalogue1 ) no m exp5se ?an ! manuscript titles w\ld co/4 ,if desir$1 a numb] ( copies c\ld be b\nd up = read+-room use4 ,accessions ( new books c\ld be incorporat$ f mon? to mon?1 by leav+ ! "r-h& pages blank = t purpose4 ,?is w\ld be ne> en\gh to alphabetical ord] = mo/ read]s1 ) ! imm5se advantage ( op5+ at "o glance be=e ! eye1 any au?or or subject4 ,x w\ld g f> to solve ! problem h[ to unite ! flexibility & p]fect alphabet+ ( ! c>d sy/em1 ) ! sup]ior com=t1 safety1 & ease ( ref]5ce ( ! book4 ,x w\ld also be a safe-gu>d aga9/ ! loss or displacem5t ( titles1 a dang] inh]5t 9 ! c>d sy/em1 z !y c\ld be replac$ by copy+ miss+ titles f ! catalogue volumes4 ,:ile ! und\bt$ m]its ( ! c>d sy/em h be5 mu* ov]rat$1 x w\ld be z unwise to disp5se ) x z ! complete (ficial catalogue ( ! libr>y1 z x w\ld be to tie d[n ! public to its use1 :5 !re is a m excell5t way1 sav+ "t & pati5ce1 & contribut+ to ! com=t ( all4 ,to pr9t or n to pr9t8 is a vital "q = libr>ies1 & x is 9 mo/ cases decid$ to =ego or to po/pone pr9t+1 because ( its great exp5se4 ,yet s manife/ are ! advantages ( a pr9t$ catalogue1 t all public libr>ies %\ld make e ef=t to end[ _! read]s ) its b5efits4 ,^! advantages are 7#a7 ,great] facility ( read+ titles4 7#b7 ,mu* m rapid turn+ f lett] to lett] ( ! catalogue alphabet4 7#c7 ,ability to consult x outside ( ! libr>y4 7#d7 ,unlimit$ comm& ( ! catalogue by _m read]s at once1 f ! numb] ( copies at h&1 :]eas c>d catalogues or manuscript volumes involve loss ( "t 9 wait+1 or int]f]+ ) ! rese>*es ( o!rs4 ,a "p ( ^! advantages may be realiz$ by pr9t+ type-writt5 copies ( all titles 9 duplicate1 or by c>bon pap] 9 manifold1 ?us furni%+ ! libr>y ) sev]al copies ( its catalogue3 b :y n ext5d ?is by multiply+ copies ?r\gh ! +5i\s processes n[ 9 use1 by :i* ! pr9t+ ( titles c be effect$ f> m *eaply ?an 9 any pr9t+ (fice8 ,might n e libr>y become its own pr9t]1 ?us sav+ x f ! inconv5i5ce & risk ( s5d+ its titles outside1 or ! great exp5se ( copy+ !m = ! pr9t]8 ,! titles ?us manifold$ c\ld be comb9$ into volumes1 by cutt+ away all sup]flu\s m>g9s & m\nt+ ! ?9 title-slips alphabetically on pap] ( uni=m size1 :i*1 :5 b\nd1 w\ld be readily h&l$4 ,all ! titles ( an au?or's works w\ld be "u ! eye at a glance1 in/ead ( only "o at a "t1 z 9 ! c>d catalogue4 ,& ! titles ( books on e subject w\ld lie op51 )\t sl[ly manipulat+ an inf9ite s]ies ( c>ds1 "o aft] ano!r1 to reveal !m to ! eye4 ,! classification m>ks c\ld be readily plac$ aga9/ ea* title1 or ev5 pr9t$ z a "p ( ! manifold c>d titles4 ,n t ! c>d catalogue sy/em w\ld be aboli%$3 x w\ld rema9 z ! only complete catalogue ( ! libr>y1 always up to date1 9 a s+le alphabet4 ,daily accessions ins]t$ 9 x w\ld r5d] x ! /&>d ( appeal z to all t ! libr>y conta9$1 & x w\ld ?us supplem5t ! pr9t$ catalogue4 ,( c\rse1 l>ge & increas+ accessions w\ld require to be comb9$ 9 occasional supplem5t>y volumes ( ! catalogue2 & 9 no long numb] ( ye>s ! :ole might be re-comb9$ 9 a s+le alphabet1 furni%+ a pr9t$ diction>y catalogue up to its date4 ,! exp]i5ce ( ! great ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y 9 ?is matt] ( catalogues is an in/ructive "o4 ,aft] pr9t+ v>i\s incomplete au?or-catalogues 9 ! ye>s f #aghg to #ahda1 ! attempt to pr9t came to a full /op4 ,! ext5sive collection grew apace1 & ! managem5t got along someh[ ) a manuscript catalogue1 ! titles ( :i* 7writt5 9 script ) approximate fullness7 7 pa/$ 9 a s]ies ( unwieldy b alphabetically arrang$ volumes4 ,to incorporate ! accessions1 ^! volumes _h cont9ually to be tak5 ap>t by ! b9d]1 & ! new titles comb9$ 9 alphabetical ord]1 entail+ a lit]ally endless labor ( transcrib+1 %ift+1 relay+ & reb9d+1 to secure ev5 an imp]fect alphabetical sequ5ce4 ,9 #ahge1 ! catalogue _h gr[n to ov] two ?\s& ?ick folio volumes1 & x 0 =ese51 by a simple computation ( ! rate ( gr[? ( ! libr>y1 t 9 a v few ye>s its catalogue c\ld no long] be conta9$ 9 ! read+-room4 ,! bulky manuscript catalogue sy/em broke d[n by its own weight1 & ! managem5t 0 compell$ to resort to pr9t+ 9 self def5ce4 ,be=e ! pr9t+ _h rea*$ any :]e ne> ! conclud+ lett]s ( ! alphabet1 ! ,,ms4 catalogue _h gr[n to ?ree ?\s& volumes1 & 0 a daily & h\rly incubus to libr>ians & read]s4 ,?is pr9t$ catalogue ( ! l>ge/ libr>y 9 ! _w1 save "o1 is /rictly a catalogue ( au?ors1 giv+ 9 alphabetical ord] ! names1 foll[$ by ! titles ( all works by ea* writ] :i* t libr>y possesses4 ,9 addition1 x ref]s 9 ! case ( biographies or comm5ts ^u any writ] f\nd 9 ! index1 to ! au?ors ( su* works2 & also f translators or editors to ! au?ors ( ! translat$ or edit$ "w4 ,! titles ( accessions to ! libr>y 7betwe5 ?irty & =ty ?\s& volumes a ye>7 7 incorporat$ ye> by ye> z ! pr9t+ w5t on4 ,all claim to m9ute accuracy _h to be ignor$1 & ! titles greatly abridg$ by omitt+ sup]flu\s words1 o!rwise its co/ w\ld h be5 prohibitory4 ,! "w 0 prosecut$ ) great en]gy & dilig5ce by ! /aff ( able s*ol>s 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,museum ,libr>y4 ,z ! catalogue embraces f> m titles ( books1 pamphlets1 & p]iodicals ?an any o!r ev] pr9t$1 x is a great public boon1 ! aid x af=ds to all inve/igators be+ incalculable4 ,& any libr>y possess+ x may f9d1 ) _m titles ( r>e & unatta9able works1 multitudes ( books n[ available by pur*ase 9 ! m>ket1 to enri* its own collection4 ,x is said to conta9 ab\t #c1ejj1jjj titles & cross-ref]5ces4 ,x is pr9t$ 9 l>ge1 cle> type1 d\ble columns1 well spac$1 & its op5 page is a com=t to ! eye4 ,issu$ 9 pap] cov]s1 ! ?9 folios c be b\nd 9 volumes ( any ?ickness desir$ by ! possessor4 ,x has sev]al capital defects3 7#a7 ,x fails to discrim9ate au?ors ( ! same "n by pr9t+ ! ye>s or p]iod ( ea*2 in/ead ( :i* x gives designations l ! eld]1 ! y\ng]1 or ! resid5ce1 or occupation1 or title ( ! au?or4 ,! ye>s dur+ :i* any writ] fl\ri%$ w\ld h be5 easily add$ to ! "n 9 mo/ cases1 & ! value ( su* in=mation w\ld h be5 great1 solv+ at once _m d\bts z to _m writ]s4 7#b7 ,! catalogue fails to pr9t ! collations ( all works1 except z to a portion ( ^? publi%$ s9ce #ahhb1 or 9 ! new] portions issu$4 ,?is omission leaves a read] unc]ta9 :e!r ! book record$ is a pamphlet or an ext5sive "w4 7#c7 ,! lett]s ,i & ,j & ,u & ,v are run toge!r 9 ! alphabet1 aft] ! anci5t fa%ion1 ?us plac+ ,josephus be=e ,irv+1 & ,utah aft] ,virg9ia2 an arrangem5t highly p]plex+1 n to say exasp]at+1 to e se>*]4 ,to foll[ an obsolete usage may be def5d$ on ! plea t x is a good "o1 b :5 x is bad z well z outworn1 no excuse = x c satisfy a mod]n read]4 7#d7 ,no analysis is giv5 ( ! collect$ works ( au?ors1 nor ( _m libr>ies made up ( monographs4 ,"o _c f9d 9 x ! cont5ts ( ! volumes ( any ( ,swift's ,works1 nor ev5 ( ,milton's ,prose ,writ+s4 7#e7 ,x fails to record ! names ( publi%]s1 except 9 ! case ( "s e>ly or r>e books4 ,! pr9t+ ( ?is monum5tal catalogue began 9 #ahha1 ! volumes ( ,,ms4 catalogue be+ set up by ! pr9t] )\t transcription1 :i* w\ld h delay$ ! "w indef9itely1 & x is n[ sub/antially complet$4 ,its total co/ w be n f> f #ej1jjj4 ,!re are ab\t #cgd volumes or p>ts 9 all4 ,only #bej copies 7 pr9t$1 "p ( :i* 7 pres5t$ to l>ge libr>ies1 & o!rs 7 (f]$ = sale at #c4aj p] annum1 payable z issu$1 s t a complete set co/s ab\t #gj4 ,"o le>ns ) surprise t only ab\t =ty copies h be5 subscrib$ =4 ,?is furni%es ano!r evid5ce ( ! l[ e/ate ( bibliography 9 ,engl&1 :]e1 9 a nation full ( ri* book-collectors & own]s ( f9e libr>ies1 almo/ no buy]s are f\nd = ! mo/ ext5sive bibliography ev] publi%$1 a national "w1 furni%+ s copi\s & useful a key to ! lit]ature ( ! _w 9 e dep>tm5t ( human k4 ,,*apt] #bc4 ,,copyright ,,& ,,libr>ies4 ,! pres]vation ( lit]ature ?r\gh public libr>ies has be5 & w ev] be "o ( ! mo/ signal b5efits :i* civilization has br\ght to mank9d4 ,:5 we consid] ! multitude ( books :i* h p]i%$ f ! e>?1 f ! want ( a pres]v+ h&1 a lively s5se ( regret comes ov] u t s few libr>ies h be5 *>g$ ) ! duty ( acquir+ & keep+ e publication t comes f ! press4 ,yet we owe an immeasurable debt to ! wisdom & f>-sight$ness ( ^? :o1 c5turies ago1 provid$ by ?is means = ! p]petuity ( lit]ature4 ,! e>lie/ /ep tak5 9 ?is direction appe>s to h be5 9 ,france4 ,by an ord9ance proclaim$ 9 #aecg1 regulat+ ! pr9t+ ( books1 x 0 requir$ t a copy ( ea* "w issu$ f ! press %\ld be deposit$ 9 ! royal libr>y4 ,& x 0 di/9ctly affirm$ t ! gr\nd ( ?is exaction 0 to pres]ve to po/]ity ! lit]ature ( ! "t1 :i* might o!rwise disappe>4#b ,?is edict ( ?ree c5turies & a half ago 0 ! se$-gra9 f :i* has gr[n ! l>ge/ libr>y yet ga!r$ 9 ! _w--! ,biblio?que ,nationale ( ,france4 ,x ant$at$ by m ?an two hundr$ ye>s1 any simil> provision 9 ,engl& = ! pres]vation ( ! national lit]ature4 ,x is a notable fact t ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica 0 ! fir/ nation t ev] embodi$ ! pr9ciple ( protection to ! rights ( au?ors 9 its fundam5tal law4 ,! ,congress %all h p[] to promote ! progress ( sci5ce & useful arts1 by secur+ = limit$ times to au?ors & inv5tors ! exclusive "r to _! respective writ+s & discov]ies4 ,?us an*or$ 9 ! ,con/itution itself1 ?is pr9ciple has be5 fur!r recogniz$ by repeat$ acts ( ,congress1 aim$ 9 all cases at giv+ x full practical effect4 ,if x is ask$ :y ! au?ors ( ! ,con/itution gave to ,congress no pl5>y p[]1 :i* might h au?oriz$ a grant ( copyright 9 p]petuity1 ! answ] is1 t 9 ?is1 ,briti% prec$5t _h a great1 if n a controll+ influ5ce4 ,copyright 9 ,engl&1 by virtue ( ! /atute ( ,anne1 pass$ 9 #agaj 7! fir/ ,briti% copyright act71 0 limit$ to f\rte5 ye>s1 ) "r ( r5ewal1 by a liv+ au?or1 ( only f\rte5 ye>s m2 & ?is 0 9 full =ce 9 #aghg1 :5 our ,con/itution 0 fram$4 ,prior to ! ,briti% /atute ( #agaj1 au?ors _h only :at is call$ a common law "r to _! writ+s2 & h[ev] good su* a "r might be1 s long z !y held !m 9 manuscript1 ! protection to pr9t$ books 0 extremely unc]ta9 & prec>i\s4 ,x has be5 held1 inde$1 t all copyright laws1 s f> f ma9ta9+ an exclusive prop]ty "r to au?ors1 d 9 effect d5y x 7at lea/ 9 ! s5se ( a natural "r71 by explicitly limit+ ! t]m ( exclusive own]%ip1 :i* might o!rwise be held 7z 9 o!r prop]ty7 to be p]petual4 ,b !re is a radical di/9ction betwe5 ! products ( ! bra91 :5 put 9 ! concrete =m ( books & multipli$ by ! art ( pr9t+1 & ! l& or o!r prop]ty :i* is held by common law t5ure4 ,society views ! absolute or exclusive prop]ty 9 books or inv5tions z a monopoly4 ,:ile a monopoly may be ju/ifi$ = a reasonable numb] ( ye>s1 on ! obvi\s gr\nd ( secur+ to _! orig9ators ! pecuni>y b5efit ( _! own ideas1 a p]petual monopoly is g5]ally reg>d$ z odi\s & unju/4 ,h5ce society says to ! au?or or inv5tor3 ,put y\r ideas into mat]ial =m1 & we w gu>antee y ! exclusive "r to multiply & sell y\r books or y\r inv5tions = a t]m long en\gh to secure a fair rew>d to y & to y\r family2 aft] t p]iod we want y\r monopoly1 ) its individual b5efits1 to cease 9 favor ( ! greate/ good ( all4 ,if ?is appe>s unfair to au?ors1 :o contribute s greatly to ! in/ruction & ! advancem5t ( mank9d1 x is to be consid]$ t a p]petual copyright w\ld 7#a7 l>gely increase ! co/ ( books1 :i* %\ld be mo/ widely diffus$ = ! public b5efit1 prolong+ ! enhanc$ co/ indef9itely beyond ! au?or's lifetime2 7#b7 x w\ld b5efit by a special privilege1 prolong$ )\t limit1 a class ( book manufactur]s or publi%]s :o act z middle-m5 betwe5 ! au?or & ! public1 & :o own1 9 mo/ cases1 ! entire prop]ty 9 ! works ( au?ors deceas$1 & :i* !y did n orig9ate2 7#c7 x w\ld am\nt 9 a few c5turies to s va/ a sum1 tax$ ^u ! community :o buy books1 t ! publi%]s ( ,%akespe>e's works1 = example1 :o "u p]petual copyright c\ld alone pr9t ! poet's writ+s1 might h reap$ colossal =tunes1 p]haps unequall$ by any private weal? yet amass$ 9 ! _w4 ,if x is said t copyright1 ?us limit$1 is a purely arbitr>y "r1 x may be answ]$ t all legal provisions are arbitr>y4 ,t :i* is an absolute or natural "r1 s long z held 9 idea or 9 manuscript1 becomes1 :5 giv5 to ! _w 9 multipli$ copies1 ! creature ( law4 ,! mo/ t au?ors c fairly claim is a suffici5tly prolong$ exclusive "r to gu>antee !m = a lifetime ! j rew>d ( _! labors1 ) a rev]sion = _! imm$iate heirs4 ,t su* exclusive rights %\ld run to _! remote/ po/]ity1 or1 a =tiori1 to m]e m]*ants or artific]s :o _h no h& :atev] 9 ! creation ( ! intellectual "w ?us protect$1 w\ld be manife/ly unju/4 ,! judicial tribunals1 bo? 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica1 h held t copyright laws d n affirm an exi/+ "r1 b create a "r1 ) special privileges n be=e exi/+1 & also ) special limitations4 ,! e>lie/ copyright enactm5t ( #agij grant$ ! exclusive privilege ( pr9t+ 8 "w to ! au?or or 8 assigns = #ad #ad1 or tw5ty-eight ye>s 9 all4 ,! act fur!r requir$ entry ( ! title1 be=e publication1 9 ! (fice ( ! ,cl]k ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt 9 ! ,/ate :]e ! au?or or proprietor resid$4 ,?is rema9$ ! law1 ) slight am5dm5t1 until #ahca1 :5 a new copyright act ext5d$ ! duration ( copyright f f\rte5 to tw5ty-eight ye>s = ! orig9al1 or fir/ t]m1 ) "r ( r5ewal to ! au?or 7n[ fir/ ext5d$ to 8 wid[ or *ildr51 9 case ( 8 decease7 = f\rte5 additional ye>s1 mak+ =ty-two ye>s 9 all4 ,by ! same act ! privilege ( copyright 0 ext5d$ to cov] musical compositions1 z x _h be5 e>li] ext5d$ 79 #ahjb7 to include designs1 engrav+s1 & et*+s4 ,copyright 0 fur!r ext5d$ 9 #ahef to dramatic compositions1 & 9 #ahfe to photographs & negatives !re(4 ,9 #ahgj a new copyright code1 to take ! place ( all exi/+ & scatt]$ /atutes1 0 enact$1 & !re 7 add$ to ! lawful subjects ( copyright1 pa9t+s1 draw+s1 *romos1 /atues1 /atu>y1 & models or designs int5d$ to be p]fect$ z works ( ! f9e arts4 ,& f9ally1 by act ( ,m>* #c1 #ahia1 ! b5efits ( copyright 7 ext5d$ s z to embrace =eign au?ors4 ,9 #ahig1 ,congress creat$ ! (fice ( ,regi/] ( ,copyrights1 b cont9u$ ! ,copyright (fice1 ) its records1 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress4 ,9 #ahdf1 ! fir/ enactm5t entitl+ ! ,libr>y ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t to a copy ( e "w protect$ by copyright 0 pass$4 ,?is act1 to e/abli% ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution1 requir$ t "o copy ( ea* copyright publication be deposit$ !re91 & "o copy 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress4 ,no p5alties 7 provid$1 & 9 #ahei1 on compla9t ( ! au?orities ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution t ! law br\ght 9 mu* tra% 9 ! %ape ( articles :i* 7 n books1 ! law 0 repeal$1 ) ! app>5t concurr5ce ( ^? 9 *>ge ( ! ,congressional ,libr>y4 ,?is left t ,libr>y )\t any accessions ( copyright books until #ahfe1 :51 at ! in/ance ( ! pres5t writ]1 ! ,libr>y ,committee recomm5d$1 & ,congress pass$ an act re/or+ ! privilege to ! ,libr>y ( ,congress4 ,b x 0 f\nd to require1 9 ord] to its en=cem5t1 frequ5t visits to ! records ( ! cl]ks ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rts 9 _m cities1 ) co/ly transcripts ( records 9 m ?an ?irty o!r (fices1 9 ord] to asc]ta9 :at books _h actually be5 copyright$4 ,to ?is 0 add$ ! necessity ( issu+ dem&s ^u del9qu5t au?ors or publi%]s = books n s5t to ! ,libr>y2 no resid5ce ( ! del9qu5ts1 h[ev]1 be+ f\nd 9 any ( ! records1 :i* simply record$ ^? claim+ copyright z ( ! said ,di/rict4 ,x result$ t no complete1 nor ev5 approximate compliance ) ! law 0 secur$1 & aft] five ye>s' trial1 ! ,libr>ian 0 oblig$ to br+ be=e ! committees ( ,congress ! plan ( a copyright regi/ry at ! seat ( gov]nm5t1 z _h be5 ! requirem5t 9 ! case ( ,pat5ts f ! beg9n+4 ,! law ( copyright1 z codifi$ by act ( ,july #h1 #ahgj1 made an epo* 9 ! copyright sy/em ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x transf]r$ ! entire regi/ry ( books & o!r publications1 "u copyright law1 to ! city ( ,wa%+ton1 & made ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress sole regi/] ( copyrights1 in/ead ( ! cl]ks ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,manifold reasons exi/$ = ?is radical *ange1 & ^? :i* 7 mo/ influ5tial ) ,congress 9 mak+ x 7 ! foll[+3 #a4 ,! transf] ( ! copyright records to ,wa%+ton x 0 =ese5 w\ld conc5trate & simplify ! bus9ess1 & ?is 0 a c>d9al po9t4 ,prior to #ahgj !re 7 betwe5 =ty & fifty sep>ate & di/9ct au?orities = issu+ copyrights4 ,! ,am]ican p 7 put to mu* tr\ble to f9d out :]e to apply1 9 ! complicat$ sy/em ( ,di/rict ,c\rts1 sev]al ( !m frequ5tly 9 a s+le ,/ate1 to ent] titles = publication4 ,!y 7 requir$ to make entry 9 ! di/rict :]e ! applicant resid$1 & ?is 0 frequ5tly a matt] ( d\bt4 ,moreov]1 !y 7 requir$ to g to ! exp5se & tr\ble ( transmitt+ a copy ( ! "w1 aft] publication1 to ! ,di/rict cl]k1 & ano!r copy to ! ,libr>y ( ,congress4 ,7 bo? copies mail$ to ,wa%+ton 7po/-free by law7 ?is duty w\ld be dim9i%$ by "o-half4 #b4 ,a copyright "w is n an inv5tion nor a pat5t2 x is a contribution to lit]ature4 ,x is n mat]ial1 b intellectual1 & has no natural relation to a dep>tm5t :i* is *>g$ ) ! c>e ( ! me*anic arts2 & x belongs r to a national libr>y sy/em ?an to any o!r dep>tm5t ( ! civil s]vice4 ,! responsibility ( c>+ = x w\ld be an incid5t to ! simil> labors already devolv$ ^u ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress2 & ! receipts f copyright c]tificates w\ld mu* m ?an pay its exp5se1 ?us leav+ ! treasury ! ga9] by ! *ange4 #c4 ,! advantage ( secur+ to our national libr>y a complete collection ( all ,am]ican copyright publications c sc>cely be ov]-e/imat$4 ,if su* a law z t enact$ 9 #ahgj _h be5 en=c$ s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! gov]nm5t1 we %\ld n[ h 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress a complete repres5tation ( ! product ( ! ,am]ican m9d 9 e dep>tm5t ( sci5ce & lit]ature4 ,_m publications :i* are pr9t$ 9 small editions1 or :i* become out ( pr9t f ! _m accid5ts :i* cont9ually de/roy books1 w\ld owe to su* a libr>y _! sole *ance ( pres]vation4 ,we ought to h "o compreh5sive libr>y 9 ! c\ntry1 & t belong+ to ! nation1 ^: aim x %\ld be to pres]ve ! books :i* o!r libr>ies h n ! room nor ! means to procure4 #d4 ,?is consid]ation assumes additional weight :5 x is rememb]$ t ! ,libr>y ( ,congress is freely op5 to ! public day & ev5+ ?r\gh\t ! ye>1 & is rapidly becom+ ! great ref]5ce libr>y ( ! c\ntry1 resort$ to n only by ,congress & ! resid5ts ( ,wa%+ton1 b by /ud5ts & writ]s f all p>ts ( ! ,union1 9 se>* ( ref]5ces & au?orities n else:]e to be f\nd4 ,! advantage ( hav+ all ,am]ican publications accessible ^u inquiry w\ld be to build up at ,wa%+ton a truly national libr>y1 approximately complete & available to all ! p4 ,^! consid]ations prevail$ ) ,congress to effect ! am5dm5t 9 copyright regi/ration ref]r$ to4 ,by enactm5t ( ! /atute ( #ahgj all ! defects 9 ! me?ods ( regi/ration & deposit ( copies 7 obviat$4 ,! orig9al records ( copyright 9 all ! ,/ates 7 !nce=w>d kept 9 ! (fice ( ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress4 ,all que/ions z to lit]>y prop]ty1 involv+ a se>* ( records to det]m9e po9ts ( validity1 su* z priority ( entry1 names & resid5ce ( actual own]s1 transf]s or assignm5ts1 timely deposit ( ! requir$ copies1 etc41 c\ld be det]m9$ ^u inquiry at a s+le (fice ( record4 ,^! inquiries are extremely num]\s1 & obvi\sly v important1 involv+ frequ5tly l>ge int]e/s 9 valuable publications 9 :i* litigation to e/abli% ! rights ( au?ors1 publi%]s or infr+]s has be5 comm5c$ or ?reat5$4 ,by ! full records ( copyright entries ?us pres]v$1 moreov]1 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress 7:i* is ! prop]ty ( ! nation7 has be5 enabl$ to secure :at 0 be=e unatta9able1 namely1 an approximately complete collection ( all ,am]ican books1 etc41 protect$ by copyright1 s9ce ! legislation ref]r$ to w5t into effect4 ,! sy/em has be5 f\nd 9 practice to give g5]al satisfaction2 ! mann] ( secur+ copyright has be5 made pla9 & easy to all1 ! (fice ( record be+ n[ a matt] ( public notoriety2 & ! te/ ( exp]i5ce dur+ ?irty ye>s has e/abli%$ ! sy/em s ?or\ghly t none w\ld be f\nd to favor a return to ! =m] me?ods4 ,! ,act ( #ahgj provid$ = ! removal ( ! collection ( copyright books & o!r publications f ! ov]-cr[d$ ,pat5t ,(fice to ! ,libr>y ( ,congress4 ,^! publications 7 ! accumulations ( ab\t eighty ye>s1 receiv$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,cl]ks' (fices "u ! old law4 ,by reque/ ( ! ,commission] ( ,pat5ts all ! law books & a l>ge numb] ( te*nical works 7 res]v$ at ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior4 ,! residue1 :5 remov$ to ! ,capitol1 7 f\nd to numb] #bc1jgj volumes1 a mu* small] numb] ?an _h be5 anticipat$1 9 view ( ! l5g? ( "t dur+ :i* ! copy tax _h be5 9 op]ation4 ,b ! obs]vance ( ! acts requir+ deposits ( copyright publications ) ! ,cl]ks ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rts _h be5 v defective 7no p5alty be+ provid$ = non-compliance71 &1 moreov]1 ! ,pat5t ,(fice _h fail$ to receive f ! (fices ( orig9al deposit l>ge numb]s ( publications :i* %\ld h be5 s5t to ,wa%+ton4 ,f "o ( ! olde/ ,/ates 9 ! ,union n a s+le book _h be5 s5t 9 evid5ce ( copyright4 ,! books1 h[ev]1 :i* 7 add$ to ! ,congressional ,libr>y1 al?\gh consi/+ l>gely ( s*ool books & ! m9or lit]ature ( ! la/ half c5tury1 compris$ _m valuable additions to ! collection ( ,am]ican books1 :i* x %\ld be ! aim ( a ,national ,libr>y to r5d] complete4 ,among !m 7 ! e>lie/ editions ( ! works ( _m well-kn[n writ]s1 n[ out ( pr9t & sc>ce4 ,! fir/ book ev] ent]$ = copyright privileges "u ! laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 ,! ,philadelphia ,spell+ ,book1 :i* 0 regi/]$ 9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ( ,p5nsylvania1 ,june #i1 #agij1 by ,john ,b>ry z au?or4 ,! spell+ book 0 a fit introduction to ! long s]ies ( books s9ce produc$ to fur!r ! diffusion ( k among m54 ,! second book ent]$ 0 ,! ,am]ican ,geography1 by ,j$$iah ,morse1 ent]$ 9 ! ,di/rict ( ,massa*usetts on ,july #aj1 #agij1 a copy ( :i* is pres]v$ 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress4 ,! e>lie/ book ent]$ 9 ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york 0 on ! #cj? ( ,april1 #agia1 & x 0 entitl$ ,! ,"y ,g5tleman's & ,lady's ,assi/ant1 by ,donald ,fras]1 ,s*oolma/]4 ,objection has occasionally1 ?\gh r>ely1 be5 made to :at is kn[n z ! copy-tax1 by :i* two copies ( ea* publication mu/ be deposit$ 9 ! ,national ,libr>y4 ,?is requirem5t re/s ^u two valid gr\nds3 7#a7 ,! pres]vation ( copies ( ev]y?+ protect$ by copyright is necess>y 9 ! int]e/ ( au?ors & publi%]s1 9 evid5ce ( copyright1 & 9 aid ( id5tification 9 connection ) ! record ( title2 7#b7 ! libr>y ( ! gov]nm5t 7:i* is t ( ! :ole p7 %\ld possess & p]man5tly pres]ve a complete collection ( ! products ( ! ,am]ican press1 s f> z secur$ by copyright4 ,! gov]nm5t makes no unreasonable exaction 9 say+ to au?ors & publi%]s3 ,! nation gives y exclusive "r to make & sell y\r publication1 )\t limit z to quantity1 = =ty-two ye>s2 give ! nation 9 return two copies1 "o = ! use & ref]5ce ( ,congress & ! public 9 ! ,national ,libr>y1 ! o!r = pres]vation 9 ! copyright ar*ives1 9 p]petual evid5ce ( y\r "r4 ,9 view ( ! valuable monopoly conc$$ by ! public1 does n ! gov]nm5t 9 effect give f> m ?an a quid pro quo = ! copy-tax8 ,( c\rse x w\ld n be equitable to exact ev5 "o copy ( publications n secur$ by copyright1 9 :i* case ! gov]nm5t gives no?+ & gets no?+2 b ! exaction ( actually protect$ publications1 :ile x is almo/ unfelt by publi%]s1 is s cle>ly 9 ! int]e/ ( ! public intellig5ce1 z well z ( au?ors & publi%]s !mselves1 t no valid objection to x appe>s to exi/4 ,9 ,great ,brita9 five copies ( e book protect$ by copyright are requir$ = five diff]5t libr>ies1 :i* appe>s some:at unreasonable4 ,reg>d+ ! "r ( r5ewal ( ! t]m ( copyright1 x is a significant fact t x is avail$ ( 9 comp>atively few in/ances1 comp>$ ) ! :ole body ( publications4 ,multitudes ( books are publi%$ :i* n only nev] rea* a second edition1 b ! sale ( :i* does n exhau/ m ?an a small "p ( ! copies pr9t$ ( ! fir/4 ,9 ^! cases ! "r ( r5ewal is waiv$ & suff]$ to lapse1 f defect ( comm]cial value 9 ! "w protect$4 ,9 _m o!r cases ! "r ( r5ewal expires be=e ! au?or or 8 assigns be?9k !m ( ! privilege secur$ to !m "u ! law4 ,x results t m ?an n9e-t5?s1 probably1 ( all books publi%$ are free to any "o to pr9t1 )\t rew>d or royalty to _! au?ors1 aft] a v few ye>s h elaps$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! exclusive "r 9 "s publications ( consid]able comm]cial value is kept alive f> beyond ! =ty-two ye>s includ$ 9 ! orig9al & ! r5ewal t]m1 by entry ( new editions ( ! "w1 & secur+ copyright on ! same4 ,:ile ?is me?od may n protect any ( ! orig9al "w f republication by o!rs1 x enables ! publi%]s ( ! copyright edition to adv]tise su* unau?oriz$ repr9ts z imp]fect1 & )\t ! au?or's or editor's late/ revision or additions4 ,! :ole numb] ( entries ( copyright 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates s9ce we became a nation consid]ably exce$s a million & a half4 ,x may be ( int]e/ to give ! aggregate numb] ( titles ( publications ent]$ = copyright 9 ea* ye> s9ce ! transf] ( ! entire records to ,wa%+ton 9 #ahgj4 ,,copyrights ,,regi/]$ ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates1 #ahgj-ahii4 #ahgj #e1fjj #ahgd #af1bhc #ahgh #ae1gih #ahga #ab1fhh #ahge #ad1cfd #ahgi #ah1abe #ahgb #ad1afd #ahgf #ad1hhb #ahhj #bj1fhf #ahgc #ae1ceb #ahgg #ae1geh #ahha #ba1jge #ahhb #bb1iah #ahhh #ch1bbe #ahid #fb1gfb #ahhc #be1bgc #ahhi #dj1ggg #ahie #fg1egb #ahhd #bf1hic #ahij #db1geh #ahif #gb1dgj #ahhe #bh1daj #ahia #dh1ijh #ahig #gd1cba #ahhf #ca1bda #ahib #ed1gce #ahih #gf1hgd #ahhg #ce1jhc #ahic #eh1icf #ahii #hf1dib ,total1 #cj ye>s1 #a1jgi1dde ,x w readily be se5 t ?is great numb] ( copyrights does n repres5t books alone4 ,_m ?\s&s ( entries are daily & weekly p]iodicals claim+ copyright protection1 9 :i* case !y are requir$ by law to make entry ( e sep>ate issue4 ,^! include a multitude ( j\rnals1 lit]>y1 political1 sci5tific1 religi\s1 pictorial1 te*nical1 comm]cial1 agricultural1 sport+1 dramatic1 etc41 among :i* are a numb] 9 =eign languages4 ,^! entries also embrace all ! lead+ mon?ly & qu>t]ly magaz9es & reviews1 ) _m devot$ to specialties--z metaphysics1 sociology1 law1 !ology1 art1 f9ance1 education1 & ! arts & sci5ces g5]ally4 ,ano!r l>ge class ( copyright entries 7& ! l>ge/ next to books & p]iodicals7 is musical compositions1 numb]+ rec5tly "s #bj1jjj publications ye>ly4 ,mu* ( ?is prop]ty is valuable1 & x is ne>ly all protect$ by entry ( copyright1 com+ f all p>ts ( ! ,union4 ,!re is also a l>ge & con/antly increas+ numb] ( works ( graphic art1 compris+ engrav+s1 photographs1 photogravures1 *romos1 li?ographs1 et*+s1 pr9ts1 & draw+s1 = :i* copyright is ent]$4 ,! /eady accumulation ( hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( ^! v>i\s pictorial illu/rations w enable ! gov]nm5t at no di/ant day1 )\t a doll> ( exp5se1 to make an exhibit ( ! progress ( ! arts ( design 9 ,am]ica1 :i* w be highly int]e/+ & in/ructive4 ,an art gall]y ( ample dim5sions = ?is purpose is provid$ 9 ! new ,national ,libr>y build+4 ,x rema9s to consid] briefly ! pr9ciples & practice ( :at is kn[n z int]national copyright4 ,p]haps !re is no argum5t = copyright at all 9 ! productions ( ! intellect :i* is n good = its ext5sion to all c\ntries4 ,! basis ( copyright is t all useful labor is wor?y ( a recomp5se2 b s9ce all human ?\ght :5 put into mat]ial or m]*antable =m becomes1 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 public prop]ty1 ! laws ( all c\ntries recognize & protect ! orig9al own]s1 or _! assigns to :om !y may convey ! "r1 9 an exclusive privilege = limit$ t]ms only4 ,lit]>y prop]ty !re=e is n a natural "r1 b a conv5tional "o4 ,! au?or's "r to 8 manuscript is1 inde$1 absolute1 & ! law w protect him 9 x z fully z x w gu>d any o!r prop]ty4 ,b :5 once put 9 type & multipli$ ?r\gh ! pr9t+-press1 8 claim to an exclusive "r has to be gu>d$ by a special /atute1 o!rwise x is held to be ab&on$ 7l ! articles 9 a newspap]7 to ! public4 ,?is special protection is furni%$ 9 ne>ly all civiliz$ c\ntries by copyright law4 ,:at we call copyright is an exclusive "r to multiply copies ( any publication = sale4 ,dome/ic copyright1 :i* is all we =m]ly _h 9 ?is c\ntry1 is limit$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,int]national copyright1 :i* has n[ be5 enact$1 ext5ds ! "r ( ,am]ican au?ors to =eign c\ntries1 & recognizes a p>allel "r ( =eign au?ors 9 our own4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! con/itutional provision :i* re/ra9s ,congress f grant+ copyright to o!r ?an ,am]ican citiz5s4 ,pat5t "r1 com+ "u ! same clause ( ! ,con/itution1 has be5 ext5d$ to =eign]s4 ,out ( ov] #bj1jjj pat5ts annually issu$1 ab\t #b1ejj 7or #ab p] c5t47 are issu$ to =eign]s1 :ile ,am]ican pat5ts are simil>ly protect$ abroad4 ,if we h int]national pat5t "r1 :y n int]national copyright8 ,! grant ( p[] is ! same2 bo? pat5t "r & copyright are = a limit$ "t2 bo? rights dur+ ?is "t are exclusive2 & bo? re/ ^u ! broad gr\nd ( ! promotion ( sci5ce & ! useful arts4 ,if copyright is ju/ifiable at all1 if au?ors are to be secur$ a rew>d = _! labors1 !y claim t all :o use !m %\ld contribute equally to ?is result4 ,! pr9ciple ( copyright once admitt$1 x _c logically be conf9$ to ,/ate l9es or national b\nd>ies4 ,!re appe>s to be no middle gr\nd betwe5 ! doctr9e ( common prop]ty 9 all productions ( ! intellect--:i* leads u to communism by ! %orte/ road--& ! admission t copyright is due1 :ile its limit$ t]m la/s1 f all :o use ! works ( an au?or1 :]ev] f\nd4 ,accord+ly1 int]national copyright has become ! policy ( ne>ly all civiliz$ nations4 ,! t]m ( copyright is long] 9 mo/ c\ntries ?an 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 rang+ f ! life ( ! au?or & sev5 ye>s beyond1 9 ,engl&1 to a life t]m & fifty ye>s additional 9 ,france & ,russia4 ,copyright is ?us made a life t5ure & some?+ m 9 all c\ntries except our own1 :]e its utmo/ limit is =ty-two ye>s4 ,?is may p]haps be held to repres5t a fair av]age lifetime1 reckon$ f ! age ( intellectual maturity4 ,!re h n be5 want+ advocates = a p]petual copyright1 to run to ! au?or & 8 heirs & assigns =ev]4 ,?is 0 urg$ be=e ! ,briti% ,copyright ,commission 9 #ahgh by lead+ ,briti% publi%]s1 b ! t]m ( copyright is hi!rto1 9 all nations1 limit$ by law4 ,only brief allusion c be made to ! mo/ rec5t 7& 9 "s respects mo/ important7 advance /ep :i* has be5 tak5 9 copyright legislation 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is act ( ,congress is aim$ at secur+ reciprocal protection to ,am]ican & =eign au?ors 9 ! respective c\ntries :i* may comply ) its provisions4 ,!re is "h no room to sket* ! hi!rto va9 attempt to secure to au?ors1 "h & abroad1 an int]national protection to _! writ+s4 ,suffice x to say t a union ( int]e/s 0 at la/ effect$1 :]eby au?ors1 publi%]s & manufactur]s are suppos$ to h secur$ "s measure ( protection to _! v>i$ int]e/s4 ,! measure is l>gely exp]im5tal1 & ! satisfaction felt ov] its passage into law is temp]$ by d\bt 9 v>i\s qu>t]s z to ! ju/ice1 or lib]ality1 or actual b5efit to au?ors ( its provisions4 ,:at is to be said ( a /atute :i* 0 d5\nc$ by "s ,s5ators z a long /ep backw>d t[>d b>b>ism1 & hail$ by o!rs z a great l&m>k 9 ! progress ( civilization8 ,! ma9 features add$ to ! exi/+ law ( copyright by ?is act1 :i* took effect ,july #a1 #ahia1 are ^!3 #a4 ,all limitation ( ! privilege ( copyright to citiz5s & resid5ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is repeal$4 #b4 ,=eign]s apply+ = copyright are to pay fees ( #a = record1 or #a4ej = c]tificate ( copyright4 #c4 ,importation ( books1 photographs1 *romos or li?ographs ent]$ "h = copyright is prohibit$1 except two copies ( any book = use & n = sale4 #d4 ,! two copies ( books1 photographs1 *romos or li?ographs deposit$ ) ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress mu/ be pr9t$ f type set1 or plates1 etc41 made 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x foll[s t all =eign works protect$ by ,am]ican copyright mu/ be :olly manufactur$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 #e4 ,! copyright privilege is re/rict$ to citiz5s or subjects ( nations p]mitt+ ! b5efit ( copyright to ,am]icans on sub/antially ! same t]ms z _! own citiz5s1 or ( nations :o h int]national agreem5ts provid+ = reciprocity 9 ! grant ( copyright1 to :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates may at its pleasure become a p>ty4 #f4 ,! b5efit ( copyright 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates is n to take effect z to any =eign] until ! actual exi/5ce ( ei!r ( ! conditions j recit$1 9 ! case ( ! nation to :i* he belongs1 %all h be5 made kn[n by a proclamation ( ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,"o v mat]ial b5efit has be5 secur$ ?r\gh int]national copyright4 ,"u x1 au?ors are assur$ ! control ( _! own text1 bo? z to correctness & complet5ess4 ,=m]ly1 republication 0 conduct$ on a scramble sy/em1 by :i* books 7 ha/5$ ?r\gh ! press1 to secure ! e>lie/ m>ket1 ) little or no reg>d to a correct re-production4 ,moreov]1 x 0 9 ! p[] ( ! ,am]ican publi%] ( an ,engli% book1 or ( a ,briti% publi%] ( an ,am]ican "o1 to alt] or omit passages 9 any "w repr9t$1 at 8 pleasure4 ,?is lic5se 0 =m]ly ex]cis$1 & imp]fect1 g>bl$1 or truncat$ editions ( an au?or's writ+s 7 issu$ )\t 8 cons5t1 an outrage aga9/ :i* int]national copyright furni%es ! only prev5tive4 ,ano!r b5efit ( copyright betwe5 nations has be5 to *eck ! rel5tless flood ( *eap1 unpaid-= fiction1 :i* =m]ly p\r$ f ! press1 subm]g+ ! bett] lit]ature4 ,! ,seaside & o!r libr>ies1 ) _! mis]able type1 flimsy pap]1 & ugly =m1 7 an injury alike to ! eyesight1 to ! ta/e1 & 9 _m cases1 to ! morals ( ! community4 ,m ?an n9ety p] c5t4 ( ^! wret*$ ,libr>ies 7 =eign novels4 ,an avalan*e ( ,engli% & translat$ ,fr5* novels ( ! bigamy s*ool ( fiction swept ov] ! l&1 until ! cut-?roat competition ( publi%]s1 aft] exhau/+ ! /ock ( un:olesome =eign lit]ature1 l$ to ! failure ( _m h\ses1 & pil$ high ! c\nt]s ( book & o!r /ores ) bankrupt /ock4 ,hav+ at la/ got rid ( ?is unclean brood1 7x is hop$ =ev]7 we n[ h bett] books1 produc$ on good pap] & type1 & wor? pres]v+1 at prices n mu* above ^? ( ! tra% =m]ly (f]$ u4 ,at ! same "t1 /&>d works ( sci5ce & lit]ature are be+ publi%$ 9 ,engl& at prices :i* t5d /eadily t[>d increas$ popul> circulation4 ,ev5 cons]vative publi%]s are rev]s+ ! rule ( small editions at high prices1 = l>g] editions at l[ prices4 ,! old ?ree-volume novel is ne>ly supplant$ by ! "o volume1 well-pr9t$ & b\nd book at five or six %ill+s4 ,_m m r$uctions w\ld foll[ 9 ! high] class ( books1 7 n ! measure ( reciprocal copyright ?us f> secur$ h&icapp$ by ! necessity ( re-pr9t+ on ?is side at d\ble co/1 if a l>ge ,am]ican circulation is 9 view4 ,! writ]s ( ,am]ica1 ) ! /eady & rapid progress ( ! art ( mak+ books1 h come m & m to appreciate ! value ( _! pres]vation1 9 complete & unbrok5 s]ies1 9 ! libr>y ( ! gov]nm5t1 ! appropriate cons]vator ( ! nation's lit]ature4 ,inclusive & n exclusive1 z ?is libr>y is wisely made by law1 s f> z copyright works are conc]n$1 x pres]ves ) imp>tial c>e ! illu/ri\s & ! obscure4 ,9 its ar*ives all sci5ces & all s*ools ( op9ion /& on equal gr\nd4 ,9 ! beautiful & ample repository1 n[ erect$ & d$icat$ to lit]ature & art ?r\gh ! lib]al action ( ,congress1 ! intellectual weal? ( ! pa/ & ! pres5t age w be h&$ d[n to ! ages t are to foll[4 ,,footnotes3 #b ,g4 ,h4 ,putnam1 ,books & _! mak]s 9 ! ,middle ,ages1 ,n4 ,y4 #ahig1 vol4 #b1 p4 #ddg4 ,,*apt] #bd4 ,,poetry ,,( ,,! ,,libr>y4 ,,! ,,libr>ian',s ,,dream4 #a4 ,he sat at night by 8 lonely b$1 ,) an op5 book be=e him2 ,& sl[ly nodd$ 8 we>y head1 ,z slumb] came /eal+ o'er him4 #b4 ,& he saw 9 8 dream a mighty ho/ ,( ! writ]s gone be=e1 ,& ! %ad[y =m ( _m a gho/ ,glid$ 9 at ! op5 door4 #c4 ,great ,hom] came fir/ 9 a sn[-:ite %r\d1 ,& ,virgil sang sweet by 8 side2 ,:ile ,cic]o ?und]$ 9 acc5ts l\d1 ,& ,caes> mo/ gravely repli$4 #d4 ,anacreon1 too1 f 8 rhy?mical lips ,! honey ( ,hybla di/ill$1 ,& ,h]odotus suff]$ a p>tial eclipse1 ,:ile ,horace ) music 0 fill$4 #e4 ,! procession ( anci5ts 0 brilliant & long1 ,ari/otle & ,plato 7 !re1 ,?ucydides1 too1 & ,tacitus /rong1 ,& ,plut>*1 & ,sappho ! fair4 #f4 ,ari/ophanes elb[$ gay ,ovid's :ite gho/1 ,& ,euripides ,x5ophon l$1 ,:ile ,prop]tius laugh$ l\d at ,juv5al's jokes1 ,& ,sophocles rose f ! dead4 #g4 ,!n foll[$ a ?rong to memory de>1 ,( writ]s m mod]n 9 age1 ,c]vantes & ,%akespe>e1 :o di$ ! same ye>1 ,& ,*auc]1 & ,bacon ! sage4 #h4 ,immortal ! laurels t deck$ ! fair ?rong1 ,& ,dante mov$ by ) 8 lyre1 ,:ile ,montaigne & ,pascal /ood rapt by 8 song1 ,& ,boccaccio paus$ to admire4 #i4 ,sweet ,sp5s] & ,cald]on mov$ arm 9 arm1 ,:ile ,milton & ,sidney 7 !re1 ,pope1 ,dryd51 & ,molire add$ _! *>m1 ,& ,bunyan1 & ,m>l[e s r>e4 #aj4 ,!n ,gibbon /alk$ by 9 classical guise1 ,& ,hume1 & ,macaulay1 & ,fr\de1 ,:ile ,d>w91 & ,huxley1 & ,tyndall look$ wise1 ,& ,humboldt & ,comte ne> !m /ood4 #aa4 ,dean ,swift look$ s>donic on ,addison's face1 ,& ,johnson tipp$ ,boswell a w9k1 ,walt] ,scott & ,jane ,au/5 hobnobb$ o'er a glass1 ,& ,goe! himself deign$ to dr9k4 #ab4 ,rob]t ,burns foll[$ next ) ,?omas ,c>lyle1 ,jean ,paul pair$ ) ,col]idge1 too1 ,:ile ,de ,foe elb[$ ,goldsmi?1 ! ma/] ( /yle1 ,& ,field+ & ,s*ill] made two4 #ac4 ,r\sseau ) 8 eloqu5t1 m>vell\s /yle1 ,& ,voltaire1 ) 8 ke51 witty p51 ,victor ,hugo s gr&1 ?\gh repell5t ! :ile1 ,& ,dumas & ,balzac aga94 #ad4 ,de> ,?ack]ay came 9 8 happie/ mood1 ,& /ay$ until midnight 0 done1 ,bulw]-,lytton1 & ,reade1 & ,k+sley & ,hood1 ,& ,dick5s1 ! ma/] ( fun4 #ae4 ,george ,eliot1 too1 ) h] matt]-full page1 ,& ,byron1 & ,br[n+1 & ,keats1 ,:ile ,%elley & ,t5nyson jo9$ y\? & age1 ,& ,wordswor? ! circle completes4 #af4 ,!n foll[$ a gr\p ( ,am]ica's be/1 ,) ,irv+1 & ,bryant1 & ,holmes1 ,:ile ,bancr(t & ,motley unite ) ! re/1 ,& ,?oreau ) ,:itti] comes4 #ag4 ,) 8 ,rav5 9 h& dream$ on ,edg> ,poe1 ,& ,longfell[ sweet & s]5e1 ,:ile ,prescott1 & ,ticknor1 & ,em]son too1 ,& ,haw?orne & ,l[ell 7 se54 #ah4 ,:ile ?us ! assembly ( witty & wise ,rejoic$ ! libr>ian's sight1 ,ere ! wond]ful vision _h fl$ f 8 eyes1 ,f above %one a heav5ly light3 #ai4 ,& solemn & sweet came a voice f ! skies1 ,all battles & conflicts are done1 ,! temple ( ,k %all op5 all eyes1 ,& law1 fai?1 & reason are "o6 ,:5 ! radiant dawn ( ! morn+ broke1 ,f 8 glori\s dream ! libr>ian woke4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,libr>y4 ,t place t does conta9 my books1 ,my books1 ! be/ companions1 is to me1 ,a glori\s c\rt1 :]e h\rly ,i conv]se ,) ! old sages & philosoph]s2 ,& sometimes1 = v>iety ,i conf] ,) k+s & emp]ors1 & weigh _! c\nsels4 ,,beaumont ,,& ,,flet*]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! b>d ( e age & clime1 ,( g5ius fruitful & ( s\l sublime1 ,:o f ! gl[+ m9t ( fancy p\rs ,no spuri\s metal1 fus$ f common ores1 ,b gold to mat*less purity ref9$1 ,& /amp$ ) all ! ,godhead 9 8 m9d4 ,,juv5al4 99 99 99 99 99 ,books1 we "k1 ,are a sub/antial _w1 bo? pure & good2 ,r\nd ^!1 ) t5drils /rong z fle% & blood1 ,our pa/ime & our happ9ess w gr[4 ,,wordswor?4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,qua9t ,,l9es ,,on ,a ,,book-,,worm4 ,! ,bokeworme sitte? 9 8 celle1 ,he /udye! all alone1 ,& burne! oute ! oile1 ',till ye midnight h\r is gone ,!n ge! he d[ne ^u 8 b$de1 ,ne mo wat* w he a-keepe1 ,he laye! 8 heade on ye pill[e1 ,& eke he tryes to sleepe4 ,!n swyfte !re come? a vision grimme1 ,& greety! him sleepynge fair1 ,& /raighte he dreame? ( grislie dreames1 ,& dreades fell[ne & rayre4 ,:]e=e1 if crave/ life to eld ,ne r$e longe uppe at night1 ,b g to b$ at ,curfew bell ,& ryse wy! mornynge's lyte4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ballade ,,( ,,! ,,book-,,hunt]4 ,9 torrid heats ( late ,july1 ,9 ,m>*1 b5ea? ! bitt] bise1 ,he book-hunts :ile ! l\ng]s fly1-- ,he book-hunts1 ?\gh ,decemb] freeze2 ,9 bree*es baggy at ! knees1 ,& he$less ( ! public je]s1 ,= ^!1 = ^!1 he ho>ds 8 fees1-- ,ald9es1 ,bodonis1 ,elzevirs4 ,no dismal /all escapes 8 eye1 ,he turns o'er tomes ( l[ degrees1 ,!re soil$ romantici/s may lie1 ,or ,re/oration com$ies2 ,ea* tract t flutt]s 9 ! breeze ,= him is *>g$ ) hopes & fe>s1 ,9 m\ldy novels fancy sees ,ald9es1 ,bodonis1 ,elzevirs4 ,) re/less eyes t pe] & spy1 ,sad eyes t he$ n skies nor trees1 ,9 dismal nooks he loves to pry1 ,^: motto ev]more is ,spes6 ,b ah6 ! fabl$ treasure flees2 ,gr[n r>] ) ! fleet+ ye>s1 ,9 ri* m5's %elves !y take _! ease1-- ,ald9es1 ,bodonis1 ,elzevirs6 ,pr9ce1 all ! ?+s t tease & please1-- ,fame1 hope1 weal?1 kisses1 je]s & te>s1 ,:at are !y b su* toys z ^!-- ,ald9es1 ,bodonis1 ,elzevirs8 ,,&rew ,,lang4 99 99 99 99 99 ',tis 9 books ! *ief ,( all p]fections to be pla9 & brief4 ,,samuel ,,butl]4 ,( all ^? arts 9 :i* ! wise excel1 ,nature's *ief ma/]-piece is writ+ well4 ,,buck+ham4 ,books %\ld to "o ( ^! f\r ends conduce3 ,= wisdom1 piety1 delight1 or use4 ,,sir ,,john ,,d5ham4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,my ,,books4 ,oh1 happy he :o1 we>y ( ! s\nd ,( ?robb+ life1 c %ut 8 /udy door1 ,l ,he9sius1 on x all1 to f9d a /ore ,( peace t o!rwise is nev] f\nd6 ,su* happ9ess is m9e1 :5 all ar\nd ,my de> dumb fri5ds 9 gr\ps ( ?ree or f\r ,comm& my s\l to l+] on ! %ore ,( ^? fair realms :]e !y reign mon>*s cr[n$4 ,to-day ! /riv+s ( ! _w are naught1 ,= ,i am 9 a l& t gl[s ) ,god1 ,& ,i am 9 a pa? by angels trod4 ,do/ ask :at book creates su* heav5ly ?\ght8 ,!n "k t ,i ) ,dante so> af>1 ,till e>? %r9ks sl[ly to a t9y />4 ,j4 ,,williams4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,?\ghts ,,9 ,a ,,libr>y4 ,speak l[6 tread s(tly ?r\gh ^! halls2 ,"h g5ius lives en%r9$2 ,"h reign 9 sil5t maje/y ,! mon>*s ( ! m9d4 ,a mighty _s ho/ !y come ,f e age & clime2 ,above ! buri$ wrecks ( ye>s ,!y brea/ ! tide ( "t4 ,"h %all ! poets *ant = !e ,_! sweete/1 l(tie/ lays1 ,& prophets wait to guide ?y /eps ,9 ,wisdom's pleasant ways4 ,come1 ) ^! ,god-ano9t$ k+s ,be ?\ companion "h2 ,& 9 ! mighty realm ( m9d ,?\ %alt g =? a pe]6 ,,anne ,c4 ,,lyn* ,,botta4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,v]ses ,,9 ,a ,,libr>y4 ,give me t book ^: p[] is su* ,t ,i =get ! nor? w9d's t\*4 ,give me t book t br+s to me ,=getfulness ( :at ,i be4 ,give me t book t takes my life ,9 seem+ f> f all its /rife4 ,give me t book :]e9 ea* page ,de/roys my s5se ( creep+ age4 ,,john ,,k5drick ,,bangs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,book ,,by ,,! ,,brook4 ,give me a nook & a book1 ,& let ! pr\d _w sp9 r\nd2 ,let x scramble by hook or by crook ,= weal? or a "n ) a s\nd4 ,y are welcome to amble y\r ways1 ,aspir]s to place or to glory2 ,may big bells jangle y\r praise1 ,& gold5 p5s blazon y\r /ory2 ,= me1 let me dwell 9 my nook1 ,"h by ! curve ( ?is brook1 ,t croons to ! tune ( my book3 ,^: melody wafts me =ev] ,on ! waves ( an unse5 riv]4 ,,william ,,freel&4 ,! love ( le>n+1 ! seque/]$ nooks1 ,& all ! sweet s]5ity ( books4 ,h4 ,w4 ,,longfell[4 ,oh = a booke & a %ady nooke ,ey!r 9 door or out1 ,) ! gre5e leaves :isp]+ ov]head1 ,or ! /reete cryes all ab\t3 ,:]e ,i maie reade all at my ease ,bo? ( ! newe & olde1 ,= a jollie goode booke :]eon to looke ,is bett] to me ?an golde6 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,daniel ,,elzevir4 7,f ! ,lat9 ( ,mnage47 ,:at d ,i see6 ,oh6 gods div9e ,& ,goddesses--?is ,book ( m9e-- ,?is *ild ( _m hopes & fe>s1 ,is publi%$ by ! ,elzevirs6 ,oh ,p]fect publi%]s complete6 ,oh da9ty volume1 new & neat6 ,! ,pap] do? out%9e ! sn[1 ,! ,pr9t is black] ?an ! cr[1 ,! ,title-page1 ) crimson bright1 ,! vellum cov] smoo? & :ite1 ,all sorts ( read]s to invite2 ,ay1 & w keep !m read+ /ill1 ,aga9/ _! w1 or ) _! w6 ,?us :at ( grace ! ,rhymes may lack ,! ,publi%] has giv5 !m back1 ,z ,mill9]s adorn ! fair ,^: *>ms are some?+ skimp & sp>e4 ,oh dulce decus1 ,elzevirs6 ,! pride ( dead & dawn+ ye>s1 ,h[ c a poet be/ repay ,! debt he owes y\r ,h\se to-day8 ,may ?is r\nd _w1 :ile aught endures1 ,applaud1 & buy1 ^! books ( y\rs4 ,may pur*as]s incessant pop1 ,my ,elzevirs1 )9 y\r %op1 ,& le>n$ b>ds salute1 ) *e]s1 ,! volumes ( ! ,elzevirs1 ,till y\r r5[n fills e>? & sky1 ,till m5 =get ! ,/ephani1 ,& all t ,aldus wr\ght1 & all ,turnebus sold 9 %op or /all1 ,:ile /ill may ,fate's 7& ,b9d]s'7 %e>s ,respect1 & sp>e1 ! ,elzevirs6 99 99 99 99 99 ,bless+s be ) !m1 & et]nal praise1 ,:o gave u nobl] loves & nobl] c>es6 ,! ,poets1 :o on e>? h made u heirs ,( tru? & pure delight by heav5ly lays4 ,,wordswor?4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,companions4 ,b books1 old fri5ds t are always new1 ,( all good ?+s t we "k are be/2 ,!y nev] =sake u1 z o!rs d1 ,& nev] di/urb our inw>d re/4 ,"h is tru? 9 a _w ( lies1 ,& all t 9 man is great & wise6 ,bett] ?an m5 & wom51 fri5d1 ,t are du/1 ?\gh de> 9 our joy & pa91 ,are ! books _! cunn+ h&s h p5n$1 ,= !y dep>t1 b ! books rema94 ,,ri*>d ,,h5ry ,,/odd>d4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,p>adox ,,( ,,books4 ,i'm /range contradictions2 ,i'm new & ,i'm old1 ,i'm (t5 9 tatt]s1 & (t deck$ ) gold4 ,?\gh ,i nev] c\ld read1 yet lett]$ ,i'm f\nd2 ,?\gh bl9d1 ,i enlight52 ?\gh loose1 ,i am b\nd4 ,i'm always 9 black1 & ,i'm always 9 :ite2 ,i am grave & ,i'm gay1 ,i am heavy & light4 ,9 =m too ,i diff]1--,i'm ?ick & ,i'm ?92 ,i've no fle% & no bone1 yet ,i'm cov]$ ) sk92 ,i've m po9ts ?an ! compass1 m /ops ?an ! flute2 ,i s+ )\t voice1 )\t speak+ confute2 ,i'm ,engli%1 ,i'm ,g]man1 ,i'm ,fr5*1 & ,i'm ,dut*2 ,"s love me too fondly1 "s slight me too mu*2 ,i (t5 die soon1 ?\gh ,i sometimes live ages1 ,& no mon>* alive has s _m pages4 ,,hannah ,,m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i love my books z dr9k]s love _! w9e2 ,! m ,i dr9k1 ! m !y seem div9e2 ,) joy elate my s\l 9 love runs o'er1 ,& ea* fre% draught is sweet] ?an be=e3 ,books br+ me fri5ds :]e'er on e>? ,i be1-- ,solace ( solitude1 bonds ( society4 ,i love my books6 !y are companions de>1 ,/]l+ 9 wor?1 9 fri5d%ip mo/ s9c]e2 ,"h talk ,i ) ! wise 9 ages gone1 ,& ) ! nobly gift$ 9 our own3 ,if love1 joy1 laught]1 sorr[ please my m9d1 ,love1 joy1 grief1 laught] 9 my books ,i f9d4 ,,francis ,,b5no*4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,my ,,libr>y4 ,all r\nd ! room my sil5t s]vants wait1-- ,my fri5ds 9 e season1 bright & dim ,angels & s]aphim ,come d[n & murmur to me1 sweet & l[1 ,& spirits ( ! skies all come & g ,e>ly & late2 ,f ! old _w's div9e & di/ant date1 ,f ! sublim] few1 ,d[n to ! poet :o b ye/]-eve ,sang sweet & made u grieve1 ,all come1 assembl+ "h 9 ord] due4 ,& "h ,i dwell ) ,poesy1 my mate1 ,) ,erato & all h] v]nal sighs1 ,great ,clio ) h] victories elate1 ,or pale ,urania's deep & />ry eyes4 ,oh fri5ds1 :om *ance or *ange c nev] h>m1 ,:om ,dea? ! tyrant _c doom to die1 ,)9 ^: fold+ s(t et]nal *>m ,i love to lie1 ,& m$itate ^u y\r v]se t fl[s1 ,& f]tilizes :]esoe'er x goes4 ,,bryan ,,wall] ,,proct]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,rational ,,madness4 ,a ,song1 = ! ,lov] ( ,curi\s & ,r>e ,books4 ,come1 boys1 fill y\r glasses1 & fill to ! brim1 ,"h's ! ess5ce ( humor1 ! s\l1 too1 ( :im6 ,att5d & receive 7& sure 'tis no vap\r7 ,a hap' wor? ( wit on a p5nywor? ( pap]4 ,^? joys :i* ! ,bibliomania af=ds ,are felt & ackn[l$g$ by ,dukes & by ,lords6 ,& ! f9e/ e/ate w\ld be (f]'d 9 va9 ,= an exempl> b\nd by ! fam$ ,rog] ,payne6 ,to a prov]b goes madness ) love h& 9 h&1 ,b our s5ses we yield to a d\ble comm&2 ,! de> fr5zy 9 bo? is fir/ r\s'd by fair looks1-- ,"h's our swee!>ts1 my boys6 n =gett+ our books6 ,?us our "t may we pass ) r>e books & r>e fri5ds1 ,gr[+ wis] & bett]1 till life itself ends3 ,& may ^? :o delight n 9 black-lett] lore1 ,by "s obsolete act be s5t f our %ore6 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ballade ,,( ,,true ,,wisdom4 ,:ile o!rs are ask+ = beauty or fame1 ,or pray+ to "k t = :i* !y %\ld pray1 ,or c\rt+ ,que5 ,v5us1 t affable dame1 ,or *as+ ! ,muses ! we>y & grey1 ,! sage has f\nd out a m excell5t way-- ,to ,pan & to ,pallas 8 inc5se he %[]s1 ,& 8 humble petition puts up day by day1 ,= a h\se full ( books1 & a g>d5 ( fl[]s4 ,inv5tors may b[ to ! ,god t is lame1 ,& crave f ! fire on 8 /i?y a ray2 ,philosoph]s kneel to ! ,god )\t "n1 ,l ! p ( ,a!ns1 agno/ics are !y2 ,! hunt] a fawn to ,diana w slay1 ,! maid5 wild roses w wrea! = ! ,h\rs2 ,b ! wise man w ask1 ere libation he pay1 ,= a h\se full ( books1 & a g>d5 ( fl[]s4 ,oh grant me a life )\t pleasure or blame 7,z mortals c\nt pleasure :o ru% ?r\gh _! day ,) a spe$ to :i* t ( ! tempe/ is tame7 ,o grant me a h\se by ! bea* ( a bay1 ,:]e ! waves c be surly 9 w9t]1 & play ,) ! sea-we$ 9 summ]1 ye b\ntiful p[]s6 ,& ,i'd leave all ! hurry1 ! noise1 & ! fray1 ,= a h\se full ( books1 & a g>d5 ( fl[]s4 ,,envoy4 ,gods1 grant or )hold x2 y\r yea & y\r nay ,are immutable1 he$less ( outcry ( ours3 ,b life is wor? liv+1 & "h we w\ld /ay ,= a h\se full ( books1 & a g>d5 ( fl[]s4 ,,&rew ,,lang4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,libr>y4 ,!y soo! ! griev$1 ! /ubborn !y *a/ise1 ,fools !y admoni%1 & confirm ! wise3 ,_! aid !y yield to all3 !y nev] %un ,! man ( sorr[1 nor ! wret* undone3 ,unlike ! h>d1 ! selfi%1 & ! pr\d1 ,!y fly n sull5 f ! suppliant cr[d2 ,nor tell to v>i\s p v>i\s ?+s1 ,b %[ to subjects1 :at !y %[ to k+s4 ,ble/ be ! graci\s ,p[]1 :o taught mank9d ,to /amp a la/+ image ( ! m9d6 ,) awe1 ar\nd ^! sil5t walks ,i tread2 ,^! are ! la/+ mansions ( ! dead3-- ,! dead6 me?9ks a ?\s& tongues reply2 ,^! are ! tombs ( su* z _c die6 ,cr[n'd ) et]nal fame1 !y sit sublime1 ,& laugh at all ! little /rife ( "t4 ,lo1 all 9 sil5ce1 all 9 ord] /&1 ,& mighty folios fir/1 a lordly b&2 ,!n qu>tos _! well-ord]'d ranks ma9ta91 ,& light octavos fill a spaci\s pla93 ,see yond]1 rangd 9 m frequ5t r[s1 ,a humbl] b& ( duodecimos2 ,:ile undi/+ui%$ trifles swell ! sc5e1 ,! la/ new play & fritt]'d magaz9e4 ,"h all ! rage ( controv]sy ends1 ,& rival zealots re/ l bosom fri5ds3 ,an ,a?anasian "h1 9 deep repose1 ,sleeps ) ! fi]ce/ ( 8 ,arian foes2 ,soc9ians "h ) ,calv9i/s abide1 ,& ?9 p>titions angry *iefs divide2 ,"h wily ,jesuits simple ,quak]s meet1 ,& ,bell>m9e has re/ at ,lu!r's feet4 ,,george ,,crabbe4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,et]nity ,,( ,,poetry4 ,= de$s doe die1 h[ev] noblie donne1 ,& ?\ghts d z !mselves decay2 ,b wise words1 taught 9 numb]s = to runne ,record$ by ! ,muses1 live = ay2 ,ne may ) /orm+ %[]s be wa%t away1 ,ne bitt] brea?+ w9des ) h>mful bla/1 ,nor age1 nor envie1 %all !m ev] wa/4 ,,sp5s]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,old ,,books4 ,! old books1 ! old books1 ! books ( long ago6 ,:o ev] felt ,miss ,au/5 tame1 or call$ ,sir ,walt] sl[8 ,we did n c>e ! wor/ to he> ( human /y or d52 ,we lik$ to love a little bit1 & tru/ our fell[-m54 ,! old books1 ! old books1 z pure z summ] breeze6 ,we read !m "u g>d5 b\ghs1 by fire-light on our knees1 ,!y did n tea*1 !y did n prea*1 or scold u into good2 ,a noble _s f !m brea!d1 ! re/ 0 und]/ood4 ,! old books1 ! old books1 ! "m loves !m be/2 ,!y leave no bitt] ta/e beh9d to haunt ! y\?ful brea/3 ,!y bid u hope1 !y bid u fill our he>ts ) visions fair2 ,!y d n p>alyze ! w ) problems ( despair4 ,& z !y lift f slo? & s5se to foll[ l(ti] planes1 ,& /ir ! blood ( indol5ce to bubble 9 ! ve9s3 ,inh]itors ( mighty ?+s1 :o own a l9eage high1 ,we feel )9 u budd+ w+s t long to rea* ! sky3 ,to rise above ! commonplace1 & ?r\gh ! cl\d to so>1 ,& jo9 ! l(ti] company ( gr&] s\ls ( yore4 ,,! ,,spectator4 ,,*apt] #be4 ,,humors ,,( ,,! ,,libr>y4#c ,,"s ,,?\ghts ,,on ,,classification4 ,by ,libr>ian ,f4 ,m4 ,crund54 ,classification is vexation1 ,%elf-numb]+ is z bad2 ,! rule ( ,d ,do? puzzle me2 ,mnemonics drives me mad4 ,air--,! ,"l ,*ancellor's ,song4 ,:5 fir/ ,i became a libr>ian1 ,says ,i to myself1 says ,i1 ,i'll le>n all _! sy/ems z fa/ z ,i c1 ,says ,i to myself1 says ,i2 ,! ,cutt]1 ! ,dewey1 ! ,s*w>tz1 & ! ,poole1 ,! alphabet1 num]al1 mnemonic rule1 ,! old1 & ! new1 & ! eclectic s*ool1 ,says ,i to myself1 says ,i4 ,class-numb]s1 %elf-numb]s1 book-numb]s1 too1 ,says ,i to myself1 says ,i1 ,i'll /udy !m all1 & ,i'll le>n !m cle> ?ro'1 ,says ,i to myself1 says ,i2 ,i'll f9d :at is good1 & :at's bett] & be/1 ,& ,i'll put two or ?ree to a practical te/2 ,& !n--if ,i've "t--,i'll take a %ort re/1 ,says ,i to myself1 says ,i4 ,b art x is long & "t x do? fly1 ,says ,i to myself1 says ,i1 ,& ?ree or f\r ye>s h already pass$ by1 ,says ,i to myself1 says ,i2 ,& yet on ^? sy/ems ,i'm n at all cle>1 ,:ile new comb9ations =ev] appe>1 ,to ma/] !m all is a life-"w1 ,i fe>1 ,says ,i to myself1 says ,i4 99 99 99 99 99 ,classification 9 a ,libr>y 9 ,we/]n ,new ,york3 ,gail ,hamilton's ,woolga!r+1 "u ,agriculture4 99 99 99 99 99 ,book ask$ =4 ,an attack philosoph] 9 ,p>is4 ,a *ang$ title4 ,a "y woman w5t into a libr>y ! o!r day & ask$ = ! novel entitl$ ,%e combe? n h] head1 b %e f9ally conclud$ to take ,he come? n1 %e said4 99 99 99 99 99 ,labor-sav+ devices4 ,! economical catalogue-mak] :o ?us set d[n two titles-- ,mill on ! ,floss1 d4 ,political economy4 has a si/] :o keeps a univ]sal scrap-book into :i* ev]y?+ goes1 b :i* is c>efully index$4 ,%e1 too1 has a m9d = sav+1 z witness3 ,patti1 ,adel9a4 d4 ,oy/]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f a ,new ,york auction catalogue3 #bfg4 ,junius ,/at ,nom9is ,umbrii1 ) num]\s spl5did portraits4 99 99 99 99 99 ,at ! ,new ,york ,free ,circulat+ ,libr>y1 a y\? ( tw5ty said ,%akespe>e made him tir$4 ,:y c\ldn't he write ,engli% in/ead ( indulg+ 9 t !e & ?\ bus9ess8 ,miss ,braddon he pron\nc$ a daisy4 ,a pretty little blue-ey$ fell[ lik$ ,am]ican hi/ory be/ ( all1 b f\nd ! fir/ volume ( ,ju/9 ,w9sor's hi/ory too mu* = him4 ,! ,fr5* & ,g]man & ,hebrew 9 x are all "r1 b !re's ,spani% & ,italian & ,lat91 & ,i don't "k ^?4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a g5tleman 9 ,p>is s5t to ! bookb9d] two volumes ( ! ,fr5* edition ( ,uncle ,tom's ,cab94 ,! title 9 ,fr5* is ,l',oncle ,tom1 & ! two volumes 7 return$ to him m>k$ on _! backs3 ,l',oncle1 ,l',oncle1 ,tome ,i4 ,tome ,,ii4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,h[ ,a ,,bibliomaniac ,,b9ds ,,8 ,,books4 ,i'd l my favorite books to b9d ,s t _! outw>d dress ,to e bibliomaniac's m9d ,_! cont5ts %\ld express4 ,napoleon's life %\ld gl>e 9 r$1 ,john ,calv9's life 9 blue2 ,?us !y w\ld typify blood%$ ,& s\r religion's hue4 ,! ,popes 9 sc>let well may g2 ,9 jeal\s gre51 ,o!llo2 ,9 gray1 ,old ,age ( ,cic]o1 ,& ,london ,cries 9 yell[4 ,my ,walton %\ld 8 g5tle art ,9 salmon be/ express1 ,& ,p5n & ,fox ! fri5dly he>t ,9 quiet drab confess4 ,crimea's w>like facts & dates ,( fragrant ,russia smell2 ,! subjugat$ ,b>b>y ,/ates ,9 cru%$ ,morocco dwell4 ,b oh6 t "o ,i hold s de> ,%\ld be array$ s *eap ,gives me a qualm2 ,i sadly fe> ,my ,lamb mu/ be half-%eep6 ,,irv+ ,,br[ne4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 a ,wiscons9 libr>y1 a "y lady ask$ = ! ,life ( ,national ,h>?orne & ! ,autograph on ! breakfa/ table4 99 99 99 99 99 ,h y a poem on ! ,victor ( ,man5go1 by ,anon8 99 99 99 99 99 ,libr>y inquiry--,i want ! catalogue ( tempor>y lit]ature4 ,qu]y--,:at did %e want8 ,a fri5d proposes to put ,ow5's ,footfalls on ! ,b\nd>ies ( ,ano!r ,_w 9 ,travels4 ,%all we let him8 99 99 99 99 99 ,a poet1 9 ,bo/on1 fill$ out an application = a volume ( ,pope's works1 an edition res]v$ f circulation1 9 ! foll[+ tuneful mann]3 ,y ask me1 de> sir1 to a reason def9e ,:y y %\ld = a =tnight ?is volume resign ,to my c>e4--,i am also a son ( ! n9e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a wor?y ,deuts*]1 confid5t 9 8 ma/]y ( ! ,engli% tongue1 s5t ! foll[+ qua9t docum5t across ! sea3 ,i s5d y ) ! ,po/ six numb]s1 ( our ,allgeme9e ,militr-,zeitung1 :i* is publi%$ 9 ! next ye> to ! fifty times4 ,excuse my ba? engli% ,i le>n$ 9 ! s*ool & ,i =got s mu*4 ,if y h int]e/ to g]man ,antiqu>iatskataloge ,i w s5d to y "s4 ,i rema9 h[ev] y\rs truly s]vant4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a g5tlemanly /rang] once ask$ ! deliv]y cl]k = a g5ealogy4 ,:at "o8 %e ask$4 ,oh6 any1 he said4 ,well--,savage's8 ,no2 :ite m54 99 99 99 99 99 ,said ,melvil ,dewey3 ,to my ?9k+1 a great libr>ian mu/ h a cle> head1 a /rong h&1 &1 above all1 a great he>t4 ,su* %all be greate/ among libr>ians2 &1 :5 ,i look into ! future1 ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t mo/ ( ! m5 :o w a*ieve ?is greatness w be wom54 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,libr>y ,,hymn4 ,by an ,assi/ant ,libr>ian4 ,i h endeavor$ to clo! ! dull prose ( ! usual ,libr>y ,rules ) ! mantle ( poetry1 t !y may be m attractive1 & m easily rememb]$ by ! great public :om we s]ve4 ,g5tly1 read]1 g5tly mov+1 ,wipe y\r feet beside ! door2 ,hu% y\r voice to :isp]s soo?+1 ,take y\r hat (f1 ,i implore6 ,m>k y\r numb]1 pla9ly1 rightly1 ,f ! catalogue y see2 ,) ! c>d project+ slightly1 ,!n y\r book br+ unto me4 ,quickly work+1 ,) no %irk+1 ,soon ano!r !re w be4 ,if above two weeks y've left me1 ,j two c5ts a day ,i'll take1 ,&1 unless my m9d's b]eft me1 ,paym5t y mu/ /raightway make4 ,treat y\r books z if to-morr[1 ,gabriel's trump w\ld surely s\nd1 ,& all scribbl+1 to y\r sorr[1 ',ga9/ y\r cr$it w\ld be f\nd4 ,!re=e te> n1 ,spot & we> n ,all ^! books s neatly b\nd4 ,^! few simple rules abid+1 ,we %all always on y smile3 ,!re w be no room = *id+1 ,no "o's temp] w y rile4 ,& :5 ,heav5's gold5 portals ,= y on _! h+es turn1 ,) ! books = all immortals1 ,!re w be no rules to le>n4 ,!re=e he$ !m1 ,(t5 read !m1 ,le/ y\r future weal y spurn4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,titles ,,( ,,books ,,ask$ ,,= ,,by ,,writt5 ,,slips ,,9 ,a ,,popul> ,,libr>y4 ,ari/opholus translat$ by ,buckley4 ,alfr]i ,trag$us4 ,b]tall ,lavie ,hors ,de ,*es ,soi4 ,cooke ,m4 ,c4 ,m4 ,a4 ,l4 ,l4 ,d4 _! nature & uses4 ,edit$ by ,rev4 ,j4 ,m4 ,b]keley ,m4 ,a4 ,f4 ,r4 ,s4 7,fungi47 ,c>alus ,note ,book 7,a ,cavali]'s74 ,gobd5 ,club-,essays4 ,specie ! orig9 ( ,d>w94 ,an ,epi/ropal ,pray] ,book4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,blund]s ,,9 ,,catalogu+4 ,gasp>94 ,! upris+ ( a great _m p4 ,hughes1 ,tom4 ,! sc\r+ ( ! ,:ite ,h\se4 ,mayhew4 ,! pheasant boy4 ,w9d 9 ! l[] animals 7,m9d47 99 99 99 99 99 ,,rec5t ,,calls ,,= ,,books ,,at ,a ,,we/]n ,,libr>y4 ,acc\nt ( ,monte ,cri/o4 ,acro/ ! ,kont95t by ,boles4 ,bula4 ,c\nt ( ,corpus ,cri/y4 ,dant's ,inf]nal com$y4 ,d>w9's ,desc5t on man4 ,fem99e ,coop]'s works4 ,infeleese4 ,less ,mis]able4 ,"s ( ,macbe?'s writ+s4 ,some?+ 9 ! way ( friction4 ,squeal to a book4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 ,vol4 #c ( ,laporte's ,bibliographie contempora9e1 ,dibd9's fam\s book is ent]$ ?us3 ,bibliomania1 or boock1 madnss3 a bibliographical romance444ilu/rat$ ) cats4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a well-kn[n libr>ian writes3 ,! ,catalogue ( ! ,indiana ,/ate ,libr>y = ! ye> #ahei has long be5 my wond] & admiration4 ,bank's ,hi/ory ( ! ,popes appe>s "u ! lett] ,b4 ,/rong 9 ! hi/orical dep>tm5t1 x (f]s a *oice betwe5 ! ,life ( ,john ,tyl]1 by ,h>p] ,bro!rs1 ,memoirs ( ,moses ,h5d]son1 by ,jewi% ,philosoph]s1 ,memoirs & ,correspond5ce ( ,visc\nt ,ca/l]ea*1 by ! ,m>quis ( ,londond]ry1 & ,memoirs ( ,b5v5uto1 by ,gell9i4 ,9 fiction1 y may f9d ,tales ( ,my ,l&lord by ,clei%bo?am1 & ,! ,pilot1 by ! ,au?or ( ! ,pione]s2 :ile1 if y\r passion = plural au?or%ip is o!rwise unappeasable--if ,beaumont & ,flet*] or ,erckman-,*atrian seem to y too feeble a comb9ation ( tal5ts--y may well be captivat$ by ! title ,small ,arms1 by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,army4 ,! ,/ate ( ,indiana has und\bt$ly le>n$ a good _m ?+s s9ce #ahei2 b :osoev] its pres5t libr>ian may be1 x is h>dly probable t its highe/ flight 9 bibliography has surpass$ ! catalogue f :i* ! above are quot$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,books dem&$ at a c]ta9 public libr>y3 ,! ,/uck-up ,m9i/]--7,/ickit ,m9i/]47 ,f ,jessie to ,erne/ 7,je/ to ,e>ne/74 99 99 99 99 99 ,a c\ntry ord] = books call$ = ,! ,?r[n ( ,david1 ,e*o ( ,hummo 7,ecce ,homo7 & ,e*o ( ,deas 7,ecce ,deus74 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,nation m5tions z an in/ance ( ! havoc :i* types c make ) ! titles ( books1 t a s+le catalogue gives u ',cl>a ,reeve's ,old ,engli% ,b>n1' ',sw9burne's ,c5tury ( ,sc\ndrels1' & ',una & h] ,papuse4' ,b ?is is outdone by ! booksell] :o (f]$ = sale ,balvatzky1 ,mrs4 ,izis unveil$4 ,ano!r goddess is (f5d$ 9 ,transits ( ,v5ice1 by ,r4 ,a4 ,proctor4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 a c]ta9 city1 an exam9ation ( applicants = employm5t 9 ! public libr>y 0 held4 ,! foll[+ is an exact copy ( ! answ] to a "q1 ask+ = ! title ( a "w writt5 by ea* ( ! au?ors nam$3 ,john ,rusk91 ',! ,bread ,w9n]s2' ,william ,h4 ,prescott1 ',! ,froz5 ,pirate2' ,*>les ,d>w91 ',! ,miss+ ,l9k2' ,?omas ,c>lyle1 ',caes>'s ,column4' ,! same man is responsible = say+ t ,b4 ,c4 /&s = ! ,creation1 & ,a4 ,d4 = ! ,deluge4 ,:o wants ?is bright "y man8 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,/ory ,,ab\t ,,/ories4 ,:5 ,a ,man's ,s+le1 all ,vanity ,fair ,c\rts 8 favor & smiles1 ,& fem99e ,mo?s ,9 ,silk ,attire ,try on him ,a ,woman's ,wiles4 ,! ,_w1 ! ,fle% & ! ,devil ,7 ,wormwood & gall to me1 ,we>y & sick ( ,! ,pass+ ,%[1 ,no ,woman's ,face 0 ,fair to ,see4 ,i fl$ away to ,! ,mill on ! ,floss ,two ,ye>s ,ago1 ,9 an ,evil ,h\r1 ,= ,! ,mill]'s ,daught] !re ,i met1 ,:o ,come? ,up z a ,fl[]4 ,%e 0 a simple ,rose 9 ,june1 ,& ,i 0 ,an ,av]age ,man2 ,we ,two 7 ,f> ,f ! ,madd+ ,cr[d ,:5 our ,love & ,life began4 ,x 0 b ,a ,mod]n ,in/ance ,( true ,love's ,r&om ,%ot1 ,& ,i1 ,! ,heir ( ,r$clyffe ,0 ,kidnapp$3 & ,:y ,n8 ,we _c escape ! h& ( ,fate1 ,& few are ,fat$ to be ,free1 ,b bew>e ( ,a ,social ,dep>ture-- ,y'll live ,"u ! ,ban1 l me4 ,i tri$ to =ce ! ,gates ,aj> ,= my ,que5 ( ,curds & ,cream1 ,b ,! ,pill>s ( ,society ,%ook ) horror at my ,dream4 ,i am no m ,a ,happy ,man1 ,?\gh bless$ ) ,heav5ly ,tw9s1 ,because ,! ,wick$ ,_w ma9ta9s ,a ,l[ ,m>riage ! wor/ ( s9s4 ,pride & ,prejudice rule ! _w1 ,a ,m>riage = ,love is ,a ,capital ,crime1 ,bew>e ( ,a ,c\ntry ,neighborhood ,& %un ,mad ,love 9 "t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,says ! ,nation3 ,a ,philadelphia catalogue1 ^: compil] mu/ h be5 m int]e/$ 9 curr5t ev5ts ?an 9 8 task1 (f]s = sale ,intrigues ( ! ,que5 ( ,spa9 ) ,mc,kinley1 ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace1 ,bo/on1 #ahji4 ,h[ ,godoy %\ld become ,mc,kinley1 or ,mc,kinley %\ld become ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace1 is a problem = psy*ologi/s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,confusion ,,( ,,k4 ,! foll[+ are "s specim5s ( answ]s to ,exam9ations ( c&idates = ,libr>y employm5t1 giv5 )9 ! pa/ five ye>s3 ,a sonnet is a poem :i* is adapt$ to music1 z ,petr>*'s sonnets2 a sonnet is a %ort poem sometimes & sometimes a long "o & g5]ally a reflection1 or ?\ghts ^u "s inanimate ?+1 z ,"y's ',night ?\ghts4' ,an epic is a critical writ+1 z ',criticism on man'2 an epic is a lit]>y =m writt5 9 v]se1 & :i* tea*es u "s lesson n necess>ily ( a moral nature2 an epic is a dramatic poem4 ,epigrammatic writ+ is v cle>ly def9$ z critical 9 a grammatical way4 ,allegory is writ+ highly color$1 z ,pope's works2 allegory is writ+ ( some?+ t nev] happ5$1 b x is purely imag9>y1 (t5 a w&]+ f ! ma9 po9t4 ,a common mi/ake reg>d+ ! mean+ ( ! ^w bibliography results 9 su* answ]s z bibliography--a /udy ( ! ,bible2 or gives ! lives ( ! p 9 ! ,bible4 ,an encyclopa$ia 0 aptly def9$ z a /oreh\se ( k = ! enlight5m5t ( ! public1 :ile ano!r answ] reads ,book ( ,books1 giv+ ! life ( fam\s p]sons1 life & habits ( animals & plants1 & "s m$ical k4 ,a collection ( works ( any au?or is t]m$ an an?ropology4 ,an?ology is ! /udy ( insects4 ,folklore is def9$ z giv+ to animals & ?+s human s5se2 an elegy means a eulogy1 oratory1 ! deliv]ance ( words4 ,belles-lettres is to "o applicant beautiful ideas1 to ano!r ! title ( a book1 to ano!r %ort /ories2 aga9 are ! lett]s ( ,fr5* writ]s1 & /ill ano!r writes ,fr5* = prom95t lit]ature & light lit]ature4 ,a concordance is ! explication or def9ition ( some?+ told 9 a simpl] =m1 is ! extremely lucid answ] to "o "q1 :i* 0 answ]$ by ano!r c&idate z a table ( ref]5ce at back ( book4 ,! titles ( books are too seldom associat$ ) _! au?ors' names1 result+ 9 su* answ]s z ,hom] is ! au?or ( ! ,a5eid2 ,lalla ,rookh 0 writt5 by ,james ,blackmore2 ,*ildr5 ( ! ,abbey1 by ,walt] ,besant 7:ile ano!r attribut$ x to ,jane ,port]72 ,b[ ( orange ,ribbon1 by ,george ,m]$i?2 ,hon4 ,pet] ,/irl+1 by ,field+2 ,quo ,vadis1 by ,br[n+2 ,pamela1 by ,frank ,/ockton 7accord+ to ano!r by ,m>ie ,edgwor?72 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 by ,bryant 7ano!r gives ,?omas ,reade z ! au?or1 :ile /ill ano!r guesses ,s*ill]72 ,desc5t ( ,man1 by ,alex&] ,pope 7ano!r gives ,dryd572 ,! ,essay on ,man1 by ,francis ,bacon4 ,"o c&idate believes ,hudibras to be an e>ly ,saxon poem2 ano!r t ,victor ,hugo's be/ kn[n "w is ,william ,tell2 ano!r t ,aesop's ,fables is a fam\s allegory4 ,*>lotte ,bront is describ$ z an ,am]ican--n9ete5? c5tury--*ildr5's book4 ,cic]o 0 kn[n = ,lat9 poetry4 ,dante is an exce$+ly bitt] writ]2 he takes y into hell & describes ,satan & 8 angels4 ,he wrote 8 play = ! /age4 ,ano!r's idea ( ! ,div9e ,com$y is a play :i* c\ld be act$ by ! prie/s on ! /eps ( a *ur* = ! b5efit ( ! poor] class4 ,civil s]vice 9 ! m9d ( "o "y woman 0 ! s]vice done by ! gov]nm5t 9 a c\ntry1 dome/icly4 ,a ,*ri/ian sociali/ is an advocate ( ,*ri/ian sci5ce4 ,a limit$ mon>*y is a k+dom ^: rul] is "u ! rul] ( ano!r c\ntry4 ,legal t5d] is ! legal rate ( int]e/2 ano!r consid]s x ,pap] money4 ,9 economics1 "s ( ! answ]s 7 pr(it-%>+1 a t]m us$ 9 socialism1 ! ri* to divide among ! poor4 ,monopolies is ! money ga9$ by sell+ *ur* prop]ties2 :ile a tru/ is usually a place :]e a p]son puts "s money :]e x w be safe to keep x4 ,ab\t not$ p]sonages & hi/oric ev5ts & places ! answ]s are equally />tl+4 ,molire 0 a ,fr5* essayi/ & critic 7also a ,fr5* writ] ( ! n9ete5? c5tury17 ,cecil ,rhodes1 ! f\nd] ( ,bryn ,mawr ,college2 ,se? ,l[--,engl&1 eighte5? c5tury2 ,attila a woman m5tion$ 9 ! ,bible = h] great cruelty to h] *ild2 ,w>r5 ,ha/+s 0 a ,g]man soldi] 7also 0 a discov]]2 di$ ab\t #ahgj72 ,n]o 0 a ,roman emp]or ,b4 ,c4 #dej4 ,p]haps ! mo/ unique guess 9 ?is l9e 0 ,ri*>d ,wagn] inv5t$ ! ,wagn] c>s2 ,abbots=d is ! title ( a book by ,sir ,walt] ,scott2 ,vass> ,college is a dream1 high-up & unatta9able2 ,tammany ,hall is a political meet+ place 9 ,london2 ! ,p>!non1 an art gall]y 9 ,a!ns4 ,p$agogy seem$ "o ( ! mo/ p]plex+ ( words4 ,x 0 def9$ by "o z ! sci5ce ( religion1 by ano!r z le>n$ pomposity2 b ! mo/ rem>kable ( all 0 p$agogy is ! /udy ( feet4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,song ,,( ,,"s ,,libr>y ,,s*ool ,,s*ol>s4 ,?ree little maids f s*ool are we1 ,fill$ to ! brim ) economy-- ,n ( ! h\se b libr>y1 ,le>nt 9 ! ,libr>y ,s*ool4 #a/ ,maid--,i range my books f numb] "o4 #bnd ,maid--,alphabetically ,i've begun4 #crd ,maid--,9 regul> classes m9e d run4 ,all--,?ree maids f ! ,libr>y ,s*ool4 ,all--,?ree little maid5s all unw>y1 ,ea* 9 *>ge ( a libr>y1 ,ea* ) a sy/em q contr>y ,to e o!r s*ool4 ,our catalogues1 we q agree1 ,f faults & errors mu/ be free1 ,if only we our way c see ,to f9d ! prop] rule4 99 99 99 99 99 ,boy's rem>k on return+ a c]ta9 juv5ile book to ! libr>y3 ,i don't want any m ( !m books4 ,! girls is all too holy4 99 99 99 99 99 ,half ! books 9 ?is libr>y are n wor? read+1 said a s\r-visag$1 hyp]critical1 novel-satiat$ woman4--,read ! o!r half1 !n1 advis$ a by/&]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,woes ,,( ,a ,,libr>ian4 ,let u give a brief rehe>sal ,( ! le>n+ univ]sal1 ,:i* m5 expect to f9d ,9 ,libr>ians to _! m9d4 ,he mu/ und]go probation1 ,be=e he gets a situation2 ,mu/ beg9 at ! creation1 ,:5 ! _w 0 9 =mation1 ,& come d[n to its cremation1 ,9 ! f9al consummation ,( ! old _w's f9al spasm3 ,he mu/ /udy protoplasm1 ,& bridge ov] e *asm ,9 ! orig9 ( species1 ,ere ! monkey wore ! bree*es1 ,or ! ,simian tribe began ,to asc5d f ape to man4 ,he mu/ ma/] ! cosmology1 ,& "k all ab\t psy*ology1 ,& ! wond]s ( biology1 ,& be deep 9 orni?ology1 ,& develop ideology1 ,) ! aid ( craniology4 ,he mu/ le>n to tea* zology1 ,& be skill$ 9 etymology1 ,& ! sci5ce ( philology1 ,& calculate *ronology1 ,:ile he digs into geology1 ,& treats ( entomology1 ,& hunts up old my?ology1 ,& dips into !ology1 ,& gr[s wise 9 sociology1 ,& exp]t 9 an?ropology4 ,he mu/ also "k geography1 ,& ! be/ works on photography1 ,& ! sci5ce ( /5ography1 ,& be well up on cosmography1 ,& ! secrets ( cryptography4 ,mu/ int]pret bl9d *irography1 ,"k by he>t all m5s' biography1 ,& ! black art ( typography1 ,& e book 9 bibliography4 ,^! ?+s are all ess5tial ,& highly consequ5tial4 ,if he's haunt$ by ambition ,= a libr>y position1 ,& e/eems x a high mission1 ,to aspire to erudition2 ,he w f9d "s politician ,( an envi\s disposition1 ,gett+ up a coalition ,to secure 8 non-admission1 ,& s5d him to p]dition1 ,be=e he's rea*$ fruition4 ,if he gets ! situation1 ,& is full ( pr\d elation ,& ( fond anticipation1 ,& has 9 contemplation ,to enlight5 half ! nation1 ,he may write a diss]tation ,= ! public in=mation ,on ! laws ( obs]vation1 ,& ! art ( conv]sation4 ,he mu/ "k ea* fam$ oration1 ,& poetical quotation1 ,& ma/] d]ivation1 ,& ! sci5ce ( translation1 ,& complex pag9ation1 ,& p]fect punctuation1 ,& b9omial equation1 ,& accurate computation1 ,& b\ndless p]mutation1 ,& inf9ite gradation1 ,& ! craft ( div9ation1 ,& ,scripture revelation1 ,& ! secret ( salvation4 ,he mu/ "k ! population ,( e sep>ate nation1 ,! am\nt ( immigration1 ,& be wise 9 arbitration1 ,& ! art ( navigation1 ,& colonial annexation1 ,& problems ,au/ralasian4 ,he mu/ take 8 daily ration ,( catalogue vexation1 ,& endless bo!ration ,) ceaseless complication ,( decimal notation1 ,or ,cutt] comb9ation4 ,to complete 8 education1 ,he mu/ "k ! valuation ,( all ! publications ,( _m g5]ations1 ,) _! endless v>iations1 ,& true int]pretations4 ,:5 he's sp5t a life 9 le>n+1 ,if 8 lamp cont9ues burn+1 ,:5 he's ma/]$ all philosophy1 ,& ! sci5ce ( !osophy1 ,gr[n z le>n$ z ,mezz(anti1 ,z poetical z ,dante1 ,z wise z ,magliabec*i1 ,z pr(\nd z ,mr4 ,lecky-- ,has absorb$ m k9ds ( k ,?an are f\nd 9 any college2 ,he may take 8 full degree ,( ,ph4 or ,,ll4 ,d4 ,& prep>e to pass ! portal ,t leads to life immortal4 ,,footnotes3 #c ,mo/ly f ! ,libr>y ,j\rnal1 ,new ,york4 ,,*apt] #bf4 ,,r>e ,,books4 ,!re is p]haps no field ( inquiry conc]n+ lit]ature 9 :i* s l>ge an am\nt ( actual mis-in=mation or ( ignorance exi/s z t ( ! r>ity ( _m books4 ,! mak]s ( second-h& catalogues are responsible = mu* ( ?is1 9 describ+ ! books :i* !y wi% to sell z r>e1 v sc>ce1 etc41 b m ( x proce$s f absolute ignorance ( ! book-m>kets ( ! _w4 ,i h _h multitudes ( volumes (f]$ = sale ^: comm]cial value 0 h>dly z _m c5ts z 0 dem&$ 9 doll>s by _! ill-in=m$ own]s1 :o fanci$ ! commone/ book valuable because !y _h nev] se5 ano!r copy4 ,no "o's ideas ( ! money value ( any book are wor? any?+1 unless he has _h long exp]im5tal k ( ! m>ket = books bo? 9 ,am]ica & 9 ,europe4 ,:at con/itutes r>ity 9 books is a "q t involves _m p>ticul>s4 ,?us1 a giv5 book may be r>e 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates :i* is abundant 9 ,london2 or r>e 9 ,london1 :5 common en\gh 9 ,g]many4 ,s books may be r>e 9 "o age :i* 7 easily f\nd 9 ano!r3 & aga91 books on c]ta9 subjects may be s absorb$ by public dem& :5 ev5ts excite int]e/ 9 t subject1 z to take up mo/ ( ! copies 9 m>ket1 & enhance ! price ( ! rema9d]4 ,?us1 ,napoleon's conqu]+ c>e] 9 ,egypt creat$ a great dem& = all books on ,egypt & ,africa4 ,! s*eme = f\nd+ a great ,fr5* colony 9 ,l\isiana rais$ ! price ( all books & pamphlets on t region1 :i* soon aft] fell into ! possession ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,presid5t ,l9coln's assass9ation caus$ a dem& = all acc\nts ( ! murd] ( ! heads ( nations4 ,latt]ly1 all books on ,cuba1 ! ,we/ ,indies1 & ! ,philipp9es h be5 9 unprec$5t$ dem&1 & deal]s h rais$ ! prices1 :i* w aga9 decl9e aft] ! rec5t public int]e/ 9 !m has be5 supplant$ by future ev5ts4 ,!re is a broad di/9ction to be drawn betwe5 books :i* are absolutely r>e1 & ^? :i* are only relatively sc>ce1 or :i* become tempor>ily r>e1 z j expla9$4 ,?us1 a l>ge %>e ( ! books publi%$ 9 ! infancy ( pr9t+ are r>e2 ne>ly all :i* appe>$ 9 ! qu>t] c5tury aft] pr9t+ began are v r>e2 & sev]al among ^! la/ are sup]latively r>e4 ,i may in/ance ! ,maz>9 ,bible ( ,gut5b]g & ,s*oeff] 7#adee87 ( :i* only tw5ty-f\r copies are kn[n1 ne>ly all 9 public libr>ies1 :]e !y ought to be2 ! ,m5tz ,psalt] ( ! same pr9t]s1 #adeg1 ! fir/ book ev] pr9t$ ) a date2 & ! fir/ edition ( ,livy1 ,rome #adfi ! only copy ( :i* pr9t$ on vellum is 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y4 ,"o reason ( ! sc>city ( books emanat+ f ! presses ( ! fifte5? c5tury is t ( _m ( !m ! editions consi/$ ( only two hundr$ to ?ree hundr$ copies1 ( :i* ! l>ge numb] absorb$ 9 public libr>ies1 or de/roy$ by use1 fire or decay1 left v few 9 ! h&s ( booksell]s or private p]sons4 ,/ill1 x is a great mi/ake to inf] t all books pr9t$ be=e ,a4 ,d4 #aejj are r>e4 ,! editions ( _m 7 l>ge1 especially aft] ab\t #adhj1 _m 7 repr9t$ 9 sev]al editions1 & ( su* incunabula copies c ev5 n[ be pick$ up on ! cont95t at v l[ prices4 ,contr>y to a wide-spread belief1 m]e age adds v little to ! value ( any book1 & (t-times no?+ at all4 ,all libr>ians are pe/]$ to buy hundr$ ye> old treatises on !ology or philosophy1 z dry z ! des]t ( ,sah>a1 on ! gr\nd t !y are bo? old & r>e1 :]eas su* books1 two hundr$ & ev5 ?ree hundr$ ye>s old1 sw>m 9 unsalable masses on ! %elves ( ,london & prov9cial booksell]s at a few p5ce p] volume4 ,! reason t !y are comp>atively r>e 9 ?is c\ntry is t nobody wants !m1 & s !y d n get import$4 ,a r>e book is1 /rictly speak+1 only "o :i* is f\nd ) difficulty1 tak+ into view all ! pr9cipal book m>kets ( v>i\s c\ntries4 ,v few books pr9t$ s9ce #afej h any peculi> value on acc\nt ( _! age4 ,( _m books1 bo? old & new1 ! reason ( sc>city is t only a few copies actually rema91 outside ( public libr>ies1 & ^! la/1 ( c\rse1 are n = sale4 ,?is sc>city ( copies is produc$ by a great v>iety ( causes1 mo/ ( :i* are "h not$4 7#a7 ,! small numb] ( ! books orig9ally pr9t$ leads to r>ity4 ,?is is by no means peculi> to e>ly impressions ( ! press3 on ! contr>y1 ( "s books pr9t$ only la/ ye> n "o t5? z _m exi/ z ( a multitude ( books pr9t$ f\r c5turies ago4 ,n only privately pr9t$ books1 n design$ = publication1 b "s family or p]sonal memoirs1 or orig9al works circulat$ only among fri5ds1 & _m o!r publications belong to ?is class ( r>ities4 ,! books pr9t$ at private presses are mo/ly r>e4 ,horace ,walpole's ,/rawb]ry ,hill press produc$ "s ?irty works f #ageg to #aghi1 9 editions v>y+ f fifty to six hundr$ copies4 ,! ,lee ,priory press ( ,sir ,e4 ,brydges pr9t$ _m lit]>y curiosities1 none ( :i* _h m ?an "o hundr$ impressions4 ,mo/ ( ! editions ( ! ,%akespe>ean & o!r critical essays ( ,j4 ,o4 ,halliwell-,phillipps 7 limit$ to =ty copies1 or ev5 less4 ,! g5ealogical & h]aldic impr9ts ( ,sir ,?omas ,phillipps1 at ! ,middle ,hill press1 #ahai-ei1 numb]+ "s hundr$s ( diff]5t works1 7 mo/ly conf9$ to tw5ty copies ea*1 & "s to only six copies4 ,"s ( !m are z r>e z _m manuscripts1 ( :i* sev]al copies h be5 made1 & sell at prices dictat$ by _! sc>city4 ,mo/ ( !m are 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress4 ,! ,kelmscott press ( ,william ,morris pr9t$ 9 sumptu\s /yle1 improv$ ^u ! f9e/ models ( antique typography1 a numb] ( lit]>y works1 :i* n[ br+ enhanc$ prices4 ,( ! _m hi/orical & lit]>y publications ( ! ,roxburghe ,club1 ! ,p]cy ,society1 ! ,maitl&1 ! ,abbots=d1 & ! ,bannatyne ,clubs abroad1 only ?irty to "o hundr$ copies 7 pr9t$4 ,( ^? ( ! ,pr9ce ,society1 ! ,groli] ,club1 & o!rs 9 ,am]ica1 only f #aej to #cjj copies 7 pr9t$1 be+ = subscrib]s only4 ,r>ity & enhanc$ prices necess>ily result 9 all ^! cases4 ,( "s books1 only five to t5 copies h be5 pr9t$1 or else1 out ( fifty or m pr9t$1 all b a v few h be5 ru?lessly de/roy$1 9 ord] to give a fanciful value to ! rema9d]4 ,9 ^! extreme in/ances1 ! r>ity commonly con/itutes almo/ ! sole value ( ! "w4 7#b7 ,ev5 :]e _m copies h be5 pr9t$1 ! de/ruction ( ! great] "p ( ! edition has r5d]$ ! book v r>e4 ,pr9t+ (fices & book b9d]ies are peculi>ly subject to fires1 & _m editions h ?us be5 consum$ be=e m ?an a few copies h be5 issu$4 ,! great !ological libr>ies edit$ by ! ,abb ,j4 ,p4 ,migne1 ! ,patrologie ,grecque1 et ,lat9e1 owe _! sc>city & advanc$ prices to a fire :i* consum$ ! entire rema9d] ( ! edition4 ,all ! copies ( a l>ge edition ( ,tw5ty ye>s among our savage ,indians1 by ,j4 ,l4 ,humfreville1 7 de/roy$ by fire 9 a ,h>t=d pr9t+ (fice 9 #ahii1 except two1 :i* _h be5 deposit$ 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 to secure ! copyright4 ,! :ole edition ( ! ,ma*9a coele/is ( ,hevelius 0 burn$1 except ! few copies :i* ! au?or _h pres5t$ to fri5ds be=e ! fire occurr$4 ,! e>li] issues 9 ,spani% ( ! ,mexican & ,p]uvian presses prior to #afjj are exce$+ly r>e4 ,& editions ( books pr9t$ at places 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates :]e no books are n[ publi%$ are s\ght = _! impr9t alone & seldom f\nd4 7#c7 ,_m books h become r>e because proscrib$ & 9 "p de/roy$ by gov]nm5tal or ecclesia/ical au?ority4 ,?is applies m especially to ! ages t succe$$ ! application ( pr9t+ to ! art ( multiply+ books4 ,! fre$om ( _m writ]s ^u politics & popul> rights l$ to ! suppression ( _! books by k+s1 emp]ors or p>liam5ts4 ,at ! same "t1 books ( *ur* hi/ory or doctr9al !ology :i* dep>t$1 9 h[ev] slight a degree1 f ! /&>d ( fai? proclaim$ by ! *ur*1 7 put 9 ! ,index ,expurgatorius1 or li/ ( works condemn$ 9 :ole or 9 "p z h]etical & unlawful to be read4 ,a long & melan*oly record ( su* proscriptions1 civil & ecclesia/ical1 is f\nd 9 ,gabriel ,peignot's two volumes--,dictionnaire des livres condamns au feu1 supprims1 ou c5surs1 etc4 ,works ( writ]s ( g5ius & v]satile ability 7 ?us proscrib$1 until x gave rise to ! s>casm among ! s*ol>s ( ,europe1 t if "o want$ to f9d :at 7 ! books be/ wor? read+1 he %\ld look 9 ! ,index ,expurgatorius4 ,x appe>s to h be5 q =gott5 by ^? 9 au?ority t p]secution commonly helps ! cause p]secut$1 & t ! be/ way to promote ! circulation ( a book is to und]take to suppress x4 ,?is age f9ds itself end[$ ) s _m h]etics t x is no long] possible to f9d pur*as]s at high prices = books once deem$ unholy4 ,suppress$ passages 9 lat] editions lead to a dem& = ! unca/rat$ copies :i* adds an elem5t ( enhanc$ co/ 9 ! m>ket4 7#d7 ,ano!r s\rce ( r>ity is ! great ext5t & co/ ( _m works1 outrunn+ ! ability ( mo/ collectors to buy or to accommodate !m on _! %elves4 ,^! co/ly possessions h be5 commonly pr9t$ 9 limit$ numb]s = subscrib]s1 or = di/ribution by gov]nm5ts "u ^: patronage !y 7 produc$4 ,su* are "s ( ! notable collections ( e>ly voyages1 ! great folios ( _m illu/rat$ sci5tific works on natural hi/ory1 local geography1 etc4 ,t great s*ol>1 ,b>on von ,humboldt1 us$ jocosely to say t he c\ld n af=d to own a set ( 8 own works1 mo/ ( :i* are folios sumptu\sly pr9t$1 ) f9ely engrav$ illu/rations4 ,! collection kn[n z ! ,gr&s et petits ,voyages ( ,de ,bry1 ! =m] 9 #ac volumes1 relat+ to ,am]ica1 & f9ely illu/rat$ ) copp]-plates produc$ 9 ! highe/ /yle ( t art1 are among ! r>e/ sets ( books to f9d complete4 ,! collection ( voyages by ,hulsius is equally difficult to procure4 ,a really p]fect set ( ,piranesi's great illu/rat$ "w on ! art & ar*itecture ( anci5t ,rome is v difficult to acquire4 ,! ,acta ,sanctorum1 9 ! orig9al edition1 is v seldom f\nd4 ,b !re is no room to multiply examples4 7#e7 ,:at adds to ! r>ity & co/ ( c]ta9 books is ! peculi>ly exp5sive /yle or condition 9 :i* !y are produc$ or pres]v$4 ,"s few copies ( an edition1 = example1 are pr9t$ on vellum1 or on ,*9a or ,india or o!r *oice pap]1 9 color$ ink or bronze1 on color$ pap]1 7rose-t9t$1 or gre51 blue or yell[17 on l>ge pap]1 ) broad m>g9s1 etc4 ,uncut copies always fet* a high] price ?an ^? ^: edges are trimm$ d[n 9 b9d+4 ,to "s book-collect+ amateurs cut edges are an abom9ation4 ,!y w pay m = a book 9 %eets1 :i* !y c b9d aft] _! own ta/e1 ?an = ! f9e/ copy 9 calf or morocco ) gilt edges4 ,"s books1 also1 are exceptionally co/ly because b\nd 9 a /yle ( sup]ior elegance & beauty1 or z hav+ belong$ to a cr[n$ head or a noble p]son1 7books ) a p$igree7 or an em95t au?or1 or hav+ autographs ( notable *>act]s on ! fly-leaves or title-pages1 or orig9al lett]s ins]t$ 9 ! volume4 ,o!rs /ill are extra-illu/rat$ works1 9 :i* "o volume is swell$ to sev]al by ! ins]tion ( a multitude ( portraits1 autographs1 & engrav+s1 m or less illu/rative ( ! cont5ts ( ! book4 ,?is is call$ ,grang]is+1 f its orig9 9 ! practice ( ?us illu/rat+ ,grang]'s ,biographical ,hi/ory ( ,engl&4 ,book amateurs ( exp5sive ta/es are by no means r>e1 especially 9 ,engl&1 ,france1 & ,am]ica1 & ! great comm]cial value plac$ ^u uncut & r>ely beautiful books1 on :i* ! highe/ arts ( ! pr9t] & book-b9d] h be5 lavi%$1 ev9ces ! fact4 7#f7 ,! books emanat+ f ! presses ( fam\s pr9t]s are m s\ght = by collectors & libr>ies ?an o!r publications1 because ( _! sup]ior excell5ce4 ,sometimes ?is is f\nd 9 ! beauty ( ! type1 or ! cle> & elegant press-"w2 sometimes 9 ! pr9t]s' m>ks1 monograms1 engrav$ initial lett]s1 head & tail-pieces1 or o!r illu/rations2 & sometimes 9 ! f9e quality ( ! *oice pap] on :i* ! books are pr9t$4 ,?us1 ! productions ( ! presses ( ,aldus1 ,giunta1 ,bodoni1 ,eti5ne1 ,elzevir1 ,frob51 ,gut5b]g1 ,fu/ & ,s*oeff]1 ,plant91 ,caxton1 ,wynkyn de ,worde1 ,bulm]1 ,didot1 ,bask]ville1 ,pick]+1 ,:itt+ham1 & o!rs1 are always 9 dem&1 & "s ( ! *oic] specim5s ( _! art1 if 9 f9e condition1 br+ great prices 9 ! second-h& book-%ops1 or ! auction room4 ,an example ( ,caxton's press is n[ almo/ unatta9able1 except 9 fragm5t>y copies4 ,!re are kn[n to be only ab\t #efj examples ( ,caxtons 9 ! _w1 f\r-fif?s ( :i* are 9 ,engl&1 & ?irty-"o ( ^! are unique4 ,8 ,k+ ,ar?ur 7#adhe7 br\ght #aiej at auction 9 #ahhe1 & ! ,poly*ronicon 7#adhb7 0 sold at ! ,ives sale 7,n4 ,y47 9 #ahia1 = #a1ejj4 7#g7 ,9 ! case ( all f9ely illu/rat$ works1 ! e>li] impressions tak51 bo? ( text & plates1 are m r>e1 & h5ce m valuable1 ?an ! bulk ( ! edition4 ,?us1 copies ) pro(s be=e lett]s ( ! /eel engrav+s or et*+s1 sometimes comm& m ?an d\ble ! price ( copies hav+ only ! ord9>y plates4 ,ea* add$ impression det]iorates a little ! %>p1 cle> outl9es & brilliant impressions :i* are peculi> to ! fir/ copies pr9t$4 7#h7 ,( "s books1 c]ta9 volumes only are r>e1 & v co/ly 9 consequ5ce4 ,?us1 ,burk's ,hi/ory ( ,virg9ia is common en\gh 9 ?ree volumes1 b volume #d ( ! set1 by ,jones & ,gir>d91 7#ahaf17 is exce$+ly r>e1 & seldom f\nd ) ! o!rs4 ,! fif? & la/ volume ( ,buns5's ,egypt's ,place 9 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory is v sc>ce1 :ile ! o!rs are readily procur$4 ,( ,de ,bry's ,voyages1 ! #ac? or f9al "p ( ! ,am]ican voyages is s r>e z to be q unatta9able1 unless aft] long ye>s ( se>*1 & at an unconscionable price4 7#i7 ,! condition ( any book is an unfail+ factor 9 its price4 ,_m1 if n mo/ books (f]$ by second-h& deal]s are %op-worn1 soil$1 or ) brok5 b9d+s1 or "s o!r defect4 ,a pure1 clean copy1 9 h&some condition )\t & )91 comm&s inv>iably an extra price4 ,?us ! not$ ,nuremb]g ,*ronicle ( #adic1 a huge portly folio1 ) #b1bej wood-cuts 9 ! text1 _m ( !m by ,alb]t ,dr] or o!r e>ly arti/s1 is pric$ 9 ,london catalogues all ! way f #g4ae up to #ce1 = id5tically ! same edition4 ,! diff]5ce is dep5d5t :olly on ! condition ( ! copies (f]$4 ,"h is "p ( a description ( ! be/ copy3 ,nuremb]g ,*ronicle1 by ,s*$el1 pr9t$ by ,kob]g]1 fir/ edition1 #adic1 royal folio1 ) f9e orig9al impressions ( ! #b1bej l>ge wood-cuts ( t[ns1 hi/orical ev5ts1 portraits1 etc41 v tall copy1 measur+ #ah in*es by #ab1 beautifully b\nd 9 morocco sup] extra1 full gilt edges1 by ,rivi]e1 #ce4 ,all ! cuts are brilliant impressions1 l>ge & spirit$4 ,! book is g5u9e & p]fect ?r\gh\t2 no wa%$ leaves1 & all ! l>ge capitals fill$ 9 by ! rubricator by diff]5t color$ inks3 x has ! six additional leaves at end1 :i* ,brunet says are ne>ly always want+4 7#aj7 ,! fir/ editions pr9t$ ( _m books always comm& high prices4 ,n only is ?is true ( ! editio pr9ceps ( ,hom]1 ,virgil1 ,tacitus & o!r ,greek & ,roman writ]s1 publi%$ 9 ! infancy ( pr9t+1 b ( e not$ au?or1 ( anci5t or mod]n date4 ,! edition pr9t$ dur+ ! life ( ! writ] has _h 8 own ov]sight & correction4 ,& :5 m ?an "o issue ( 8 book has ?us appe>$1 "o sees h[ 8 matur] judgm5t has alt]$ ! sub/ance or ! /yle ( 8 "w4 ,fir/ editions ( any v successful "w always t5d to become sc>ce1 s9ce ! numb] pr9t$ is small]1 z a rule1 & a l>ge "p ( ! issue is absorb$ by public libr>ies4 ,! e>lie/ publi%$ writ+s ( ,t5nyson1 n[ f\nd ) difficulty1 %[ h[ mu* ( em5dation & omission ?is great poet ?\ght prop] to make 9 8 poems 9 aft] ye>s4 ,a fir/ edition ( ,ivanhoe1 #c vols41 #ahbj1 br+s #g or m1 9 ! orig9al bo>ds1 b if reb\nd 9 any /yle1 ! fir/ ,wav]ley novels c be _h at mu* less1 ?\gh collectors are _m4 7#aa7 ,ano!r class ( r>e books is f\nd 9 _m local hi/ories1 bo? among ! c\nty hi/ories ( ,great ,brita91 & ^? ( t[ns & c\nties 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,jay ,g\ld's ,hi/ory ( ,delaw>e ,c\nty1 ,n4 ,y41 publi%$ 9 #ahef1 & s\ght aft] 9 lat] times because ( 8 note z a f9anci]1 is seldom f\nd4 ,( family g5ealogies1 too1 pr9t$ 9 small editions1 !re are _m :i* _c be _h at all1 & _m m :i* h ris5 to d\ble or ev5 quadruple price4 ,! m>ket value ( ^! books1 always dep5d5t on dem&1 is enhanc$ by ! wants ( public libr>ies :i* are mak+ or complet+ collections ( ^! mu* s\ght s\rces ( in=mation4 7#ab7 ,!re is a class ( books r>ely f\nd 9 any reputable book %op1 & :i* ought to be mu* r>] ?an !y are--namely1 ^? t belong to ! doma9 ( indec5t lit]ature4 ,booksell]s :o deal 9 su* w>es (t5 put !m 9 catalogues "u ! head ( facetiae1 ?us mak+ a vile use ( :at %\ld be *>act]i/ic only ( books ( wit or humor4 ,m5 ( pruri5t ta/es become collectors ( su* books1 _m ( :i* are n )\t "s lit]>y m]it1 :ile _m m are nei!r fit to be writt51 nor pr9t$1 nor read4 7#ac7 ,!re is a l>ge v>iety ( books t are s\ght ma9ly on acc\nt1 n ( _! au?ors1 nor = _! value z lit]ature1 b = _! illu/rators4 ,_m em95t arti/s 79 fact mo/ ( ^? ( any p]iod7 h made designs = c]ta9 books ( _! day4 ,! reputation ( an arti/ sometimes re/s m ^u 8 "w giv5 to ! public 9 engrav+s1 et*+s1 wood-cuts1 etc41 t illu/rate books1 ?an ^u 8 works on canvas or 9 m>ble4 ,_m f9ely illu/rat$ works be> prices enhanc$ by ! eag]ness ( collectors1 :o are b5t ^u possess+ ! designs ( "s favorite arti/1 :ile "s amateurs covet a collection ( f> wid] scope4 ,?is dem&1 al?\gh fitful1 & sometimes evanesc5t1 7?\gh m frequ5tly recurr5t17 less5s ! supply ( illu/rat$ books1 & ) ! con/ant drafts ( new libr>ies1 raises prices4 ,turn]'s exquisite pictures 9 ,rog]s's ,italy & ,poems 7#ahcj-cd7 h float$ into fame books ( v]se :i* f9d v few read]s4 ,hablot ,k4 ,br[ne 7,phiz7 design$ ^? immortal ,well]s 9 ,pickwick1 :i* h delight$ two :ole g5]ations ( read]s4 ,! ,cruik%ankiana are s\ght ) avidity1 9 :atev] num]\s volumes !y adorn4 ,books illu/rat$ ) ! designs ( ,b>tolozzi1 ,m>illi]1 ,eis51 ,gravelot1 ,moreau1 ,johannot1 ,gr&ville1 ,r[l&son1 ,bewick1 ,william ,blake1 ,/o?>d1 ,/anfield1 ,h>vey1 ,m>t91 ,catt]mole1 ,birket ,fo/]1 ,mulready1 ,t5niel1 ,maclise1 ,gilb]t1 ,dalziel1 ,leighton1 ,holman ,hunt1 ,doyle1 ,lee*1 ,millais1 ,rossetti1 ,l9ton1 ,du ,mauri]1 ,samb\rne1 ,caldecott1 ,walt] ,crane1 ,kate ,gre5away1 ,had51 ,ham]ton1 ,:i/l]1 ,dor1 ,&]son1 ,d>ley1 ,matt ,morgan1 ,?os4 ,na/1 ,v$d]1 & o!rs1 are 9 con/ant dem&1 especially = ! e>ly impressions ( books 9 :i* _! designs appe>4 7#ad7 ,f9ally1 t ext5sive class ( books kn[n z e>ly ,am]icana h be5 /eadily gr[+ r>]1 & ris+ 9 comm]cial value1 s9ce ab\t ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,books & pamphlets relat+ to any "p ( ! ,am]ican cont95t or isl&s1 ! fir/ voyages1 discov]ies1 n>ratives or hi/ories ( ^? regions1 :i* 7 h>dly not$ or c>$ = a c5tury ago1 are n[ eag]ly s\ght by collectors = libr>ies bo? public & private4 ,9 ?is field1 ! ke5 competition ( ,am]ican ,hi/orical ,societies1 & ( sev]al great libr>ies1 besides ! ev] increas+ numb] ( private collectors ) l>ge means1 has notably enhanc$ ! prices ( all desirable & r>e books4 ,nor d ! _m repr9ts :i* h appe>$ mu* affect ! m>ket value ( ! orig9als1 or fir/ editions4 ,?is rise 9 prices1 :ile f> f uni=m1 & furni%+ _m examples ( isolat$ extravagance1 has be5 m>k$4 ,witness "s examples4 ,! ,bay ,psalm ,book1 ,cambridge1 ,mass41 ,a4 ,d4 #afdj1 is ! ,caxton ( ,new ,engl&1 s r>e t no p]fect copy has be5 f\nd = _m ye>s4 ,9 #ahee1 ,h5ry ,/ev5s _h ! s+ul> good =tune to f9d ?is typographical gem s&wi*$ 9 an odd bundle ( old hymn books1 unkn[n to ! auctione]s or catalogue1 at a ,london book sale4 ,keep+ 8 own c\nsel1 he bid (f ! lot at n9e %ill+s1 complet$ an imp]fection 9 ! book1 f ano!r imp]fect copy1 _h x b\nd 9 ,b$=d's be/1 & sold x to ,mr4 ,l5ox's libr>y at #hj4 ,9 #ahfh1 ,/ev5s sold ano!r copy to ,george ,br9ley = #aej gu9eas1 :i* 0 b\ght = #a1bjj 9 #ahgh1 by ,c4 ,v&]bilt1 at ! ,br9ley sale4 ,john ,smi?'s folio ,hi/orie ( ,virg9ia1 #a/ ed41 #afbd1 l>ge pap]1 0 sold to ,br9ley 9 #ahgd at #a1bge1 & re-sold 9 #ahgh = #a1hjj to ,mr4 ,l5ox4 ,9 #ahhd a copy on l>ge pap] br\ght #fje at ! ,hamilton ,libr>y sale 9 ,london4 ,9 #ahii1 a p]fect copy ( ! l>ge pap] edition 0 pres5t$ to ! ,libr>y ( ,congress by ,g54 ,w4 ,b4 ,frankl94 ,p]fect copies ( ,smi?'s ,virg9ia ( #afbd on small pap] h sold = #a1jjj1 & ^? want+ "s maps at #gj to #aej4 ,! e>li] ,engli% tracts relat+ to ,virg9ia & ,new ,engl&1 pr9t$ betwe5 #afjh & #agjj1 comm& l>ge prices3 e4 g41 ,lesc>bot's ,new ,france1 ,canada1 #afji1 #ej to #aej2 ,wood's ,new ,engl&'s ,prospect1 #afce1 #ej to #cbj2 ,hubb>d's ,pres5t ,/ate ( ,new ,engl&1 ,bo/on1 #afgg1 #ahj to #caf4 ,x is curi\s to note1 9 contra/1 ! foll[+ record ( prices at ! sale ( ,dr4 ,b]n>d's ,libr>y 9 ,london1 9 #afhf3 ,t4 ,morton's ,new ,engl&1 #afae1 eight p5ce2 ,lesc>bot's ,new ,france1 #afji1 t5 p5ce2 ,wood's ,new ,engl&'s ,prospect1 #afce1 & ?ree o!rs1 #e s4 #h d42 n9e ,eliot ,tracts1 c41 #e s4 #b d42 ,hubb>d's ,pres5t ,/ate ( ,new ,engl&1 #afgg1 #a s42 ,smi?'s ,hi/orie ( ,virg9ia1 #afbd1 #d s4 #b d4 ,! num]\s & n[ r>e works ( ,increase & ,cotton ,ma!r1 pr9t$ f #affg to #agbh1 ?\gh mo/ly s]mons1 are collect$ by a suffici5t numb] ( libr>ies to ma9ta9 prices at f #d to #be ea*1 accord+ to condition4 ,!y numb] ov] #dgj volumes4 ,sev]al collections h be5 attempt$ ( ,frankl9iana1 or works pr9t$ at ,b5jam9 ,frankl9's press1 & ( ! _m editions ( 8 writ+s1 ) all books conc]n+ ! illu/ri\s pr9t]-/atesman ( ,am]ica4 ,8 ,poor ,ri*>d's ,almanacs1 pr9t$ by him f #agcc to #ageh1 & by successors to #agih1 are s r>e t ,mr4 ,p4 ,l4 ,=d f\nd a visit to ?ree cities requisite to see all ( !m4 ,! ,libr>y ( ,congress possesses ?irty-five ye>s ( ^! issues4 ,a ^w may be add$ z to e>ly newspap]s1 ( "s special numb]s ( :i* prices t are lit]ally fabul\s are record$4 ,!re are _m repr9ts afloat ( ! fir/ ,am]ican newspap]1 & mo/ libr>ians h frequ5t (f]s ( ! ,ul/] ,c\nty1 7,n4 ,y47 ,gazette ( ,jan4 #aj1 #ahjj1 9 m\rn+ = ! dea? ( ,wa%+ton1 a g5u9e copy ( :i* is wor? money1 b ! _m spuri\s repr9ts 7:i* include all ^? (f]$7 are wor? no?+4 ,( _m r>e e>ly books repr9ts or facsimiles are rife 9 ! m>ket1 especially ( ^? hav+ b few leaves2 ^!1 h[ev]1 are easily detect$ by an exp]t eye1 & ne$ deceive no "o4 ,( "s sc>ce books1 x may be said t !y are z r>e z ! individuals :o want !m3 & ( a v few1 t !y are z r>e z ! ext9ct dodo4 ,9 fact1 volumes h be5 writt5 conc]n+ ext9ct books1 n )\t int]e/ to ! bibliomaniac :o is fir$ ) ! passion = possess+ some?+ :i* no "o else has got4 ,"s books are q z wor?less z !y are r>e4 ,b books deem$ wor?less by ! common or ev5 by ! enlight5$ m9d are *]i%$ z treasures by _m collectors4 ,! cook-book1 entitl$ ,le ,pa/issi] franois1 an ,elzevir ( #afee1 is s r>e z to h br\ght sev]al times its weight 9 gold4 ,ne>ly all ! copies ( "s books h be5 worn to rags by angl]s1 dev\t wom51 cooks1 or *ildr54 ,:5 a book is sold at a great price z v r>e1 x (t5 happ5s t sev]al copies come into ! m>ket soon aft]1 &1 !re be+ no dem&1 ! comm]cial value is correspond+ly depress$4 ,! books mo/ sure ( ma9ta9+ full prices are fir/ editions ( ma/]-pieces 9 lit]ature4 ,fitzg]ald's v]sion ( ,om> ,khayyam 0 b\ght by nobody :5 ,qu>it* fir/ publi%$ x 9 #ahei4 ,aft] eight ye>s1 he put ! rema9d] ( ! edition1--a pap]-cov]$ volume--d[n to a p5ny ea*4 ,:5 ! book _h gr[n into fame1 & ! _m v>iations 9 lat] issues 7 discov]$1 ?is fir/ edition1 no long] procurable1 rose to #ba1 ! price actually paid by ,mr4 ,qu>it* himself at a book auction 9 #ahih6 ,auction sales ( libr>ies hav+ _m r>e books h be5 frequ5t 9 ,london & ,p>is4 ,! l>ge/ price yet obta9$ = any libr>y 0 rea*$ 9 #ahhb-c1 :5 t ( ,mr4 ,wm4 ,beck=d br\ght #gc1eea1 be+ an av]age ( ne>ly #dj a volume4 ,b ,w4 ,c4 ,hazlitt says ( ?is sale1 ! ,beck=d books realiz$ p]fectly insane prices1 & 7 aft]w>ds re-sold = a six? or ev5 t5? ( ! am\nt1 to ! s]i\s loss ( somebody1 :5 ! b>omet] _h fall54 ,! second-h& booksell]1 hav+ ! :ole range ( pr9t$ lit]ature = 8 field1 has a great advantage 9 deal+ ) book collectors ov] ! av]age deal]1 :o has to (f] only new books1 or su* z are 9 pr9t4 ,x may be own$ t ! love ( r>e books is *iefly s5tim5tal4 ,he :o delights to sp5d 8 days or 8 nights 9 ! contemplation ( black-lett] volumes1 qua9t title-pages1 f9e old b9d+s1 & curi\s e>ly illu/rations1 may n add to ! k or ! happ9ess ( mank9d1 b he makes sure ( 8 own4 ,! passion = r>e books1 m]ely because ( _! r>ity1 is a l[ ord] ( ! ta/e = books4 ,b ! desire to possess & read wise old books :i* h be5 t\*$ by ! ho> fro/ ( "t is ( a high] mood4 ,! fir/ impression ( ,p>adise ,lo/ 7#affg7 ) its qu>to page & antique or?ography1 is x n m r$ol5t ( ! au?or's age ?an ! elegant ,pick]+ edition1 or ! "o illu/rat$ by ,john ,m>t9 or ,gu/ave ,dor8 ,:5 y hold 9 y\r h& ,%akespe>e's ,midsomm] ,night's ,dream 7,a4 ,d4 #afjj7 & read ) fre% admiration & delight ! exquisite spee*es ( ,ob]on & ,titania1 may n ! ?\ght t p]haps t v copy may once h be5 held 9 ! immortal b>d's own h& s5d a ?rill ?r\gh y\r own8 ,:5 y turn ov] ! classic pages ( ,hom] illu/rat$ by ,flaxman1 t de> sculptor ( et]nity1 z ,william ,blake call$ him1 or dr9k 9 ! beauty ( ^? delici\s l&scapes ( ,turn]1 t a/oni%+ man1 :o %all wond] at y\r desire to possess !m8 ,! g5u9e book lov] is he :o reads books2 :o values !m = :at !y conta91 n = _! r>ity1 nor = ! prepo/]\s prices :i* h be5 paid = !m4 ,to him1 book-hunt+ is an ev]-endur+ delight4 ,( all ! pleasures ta/$ "h bel[1 t ( ! book lov] 9 f9d+ a preci\s & long s\ght volume is "o ( ! pure/ & mo/ innoc5t4 ,9 books1 he becomes ma/] ( all ! k+doms ( ! _w4 ,,*apt] #bg4 ,,bibliography4 ,to ! book collector & ! ,libr>ian1 books ( bibliography are ! tools ( ! pr(ession4 ,)\t !m he w\ld be lo/ 9 a maze ( lit]ature )\t a clue4 ,) !m1 8 pa? is pla91 &1 9 exact proportion to 8 acqua9tance ) !m1 w 8 k & usefulness ext5d4 ,bibliography may be def9$ z ! sci5ce :i* treats ( books1 ( _! au?ors1 subjects1 hi/ory1 classification1 catalogu+1 typography1 mat]ials 7includ+ pap]1 pr9t+ & b9d+7 dates1 editions1 etc4 ,?is comp\nd ^w1 d]iv$ f two ,greek roots1 ,biblion1 book1 & graphe91 to write1 has _m analog\s words1 "s ( :i*1 ignorantly us$ to express a bibliograph]1 may be set d[n = di/9ction3 z1 = example--,bibliopole--a sell] ( books1 (t5 errone\sly appli$ to a libr>ian1 :o buys b nev] sells3 ,bibliophile1 a lov] ( books1 a title :i* he %\ld always exemplify3 ,bibliopegi/1 a book-b9d]3 ,bibliolat]1 a wor%ipp] ( books3 ,bibliophobe1 a hat] ( books3 ,bibliotaph1 a buri] ( books--"o :o hides or conceals !m3 ,bibliomaniac1 or bibliomane1 "o :o has a mania or passion = collect+ books4 7,bibliomania1 "s "o has said1 is a disease3 ,bibliophily is a sci5ce3 ,! fir/ is a p>ody ( ! second47 ,bibliophage1 or bibliophagi/1 a book-eat]1 or dev\r] ( books4 ,bibliogno/1 "o v]s$ 9 ! sci5ce ( books4 ,biblioklept1 a book ?ief4 7,?is1 y p]ceive1 is f ! same ,greek root z kleptomaniac47 ,bibliogi/1 "o le>n$ ab\t books1 7! same ne>ly z bibliograph]72 & f9ally1 ,biblio!c>y1 a libr>ian4 ,?is br+s me to say1 9 supplem5t+ ?is elem5t>y li/ 7ne$less = "s read]s7 t ,biblio!ca is ,lat9 = a libr>y2 ,biblio?que is ,fr5* = ! same2 ,biblio?caire is ,fr5* = ,libr>ian1 :ile ! ,fr5* ^w ,libraire means book sell] or publi%]1 ?\gh (t5 mi/ak5 by o!rwise intellig5t p]sons1 = libr>ian1 or libr>y4 ,! ^w bibliote*ny is n f\nd 9 any ,engli% diction>y kn[n to me1 al?\gh long 9 use 9 its equival5t =ms 9 ,france & ,g]many4 ,x means all t belongs to ! k ( ! book1 to its h&l+1 catalogu+1 & its arrangem5t ^u ! %elves ( a libr>y4 ,x is also appli$ to ! sci5ce ( ! =mation ( libr>ies1 & _! complete organization4 ,x is employ$ 9 ! wide/ & mo/ ext5d$ s5se ( :at may be t]m$ mat]ial or physical bibliography4 ,bibliote*ny applies1 t is to say1 to ! te*nics ( ! libr>ian's "w--to ! outside ( ! books r ?an ! inside--to ! me*anics1 n ! metaphysics ( ! pr(ession4 ,! ,fr5* ^w ,biblio?conomie1 mu* 9 use ( late ye>s1 signifies mu* ! same ?+ z ,bibliote*nie1 & we translate x1 n into "o ^w1 b two1 call+ x libr>y economy4 ,?is ^w economy is n us$ 9 ! mo/ curr5t s5se--z significant ( sav+--b 9 ! broad1 mod]n s5se ( sy/ematic ord]1 or arrangem5t4 ,!re are two o!r words :i* h f\nd _! way into ,murray's ,ox=d ,diction>y1 ! mo/ copi\s repository ( ,engli% words1 ) illu/rations ( _! orig9 & hi/ory1 ev] publi%$1 namely1 ,bibliocla/--a de/roy] ( books 7f ! same f9al root z iconocla/7 & ,bibliogony1 ! production ( books4 ,i w add t out ( ! fifte5 or m words cit$ z analog\s to ,bibliography1 only ?ree are f\nd us$ e>li] ?an ! la/ qu>t] c5tury1 ! fir/ use ( mo/ hav+ be5 ?is side ( #ahhj4 ,?is is a /rik+ in/ance ( ! ph5om5al gr[? ( new words 9 our already ri* & flexible ,engli% tongue4 ,c>lyle ev5 has ! ^w ,bibliopoesy1 ! mak+ ( books1--f ,biblion1 & poie9--to make4 ,public libr>ies are useful to read]s 9 proportion to ! ext5t & ready supply ( ! helps !y furni% to facilitate rese>*es ( e k9d4 ,among ^! helps a wisely select$ collection ( books ( ref]5ce /&s =emo/4 ,consid]+ ! va/ ext5t & opul5ce ( ! _w ( lett]s1 & ! want ( exp]i5ce ( ! majority ( read]s 9 explor+ ?is almo/ b\ndless field1 ! importance ( e key :i* c unlock its hidd5 /ores becomes app>5t4 ,! pr9t$ catalogue ( no s+le libr>y is at all adequate to supply full ref]5ces1 ev5 to its own /ores ( k2 :ile ^! catalogues are1 ( c\rse1 comp>atively useless z to o!r /ores ( in=mation1 else:]e exi/+4 ,ev5 ! complete/ & mo/ ext5sive catalogue 9 ! _w1 t ( ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y1 al?\gh n[ ext5d$ to m ?an #cgj folio volumes 9 pr9t1 repres5t+ #c1jjj volumes 9 manuscript1 is n complet$ s z to embrace ! entire cont5ts ( t ri* repository ( k4 ,f lack ( in=mation ( ! aid furni%$ by adequate books ( ref]5ce 9 a special field1 _m a read] goes grop+ 9 pursuit ( ref]5ces or in=mation :i* might be f\nd 9 "s "o ( ! _m volumes :i* may be designat$ z works ( bibliography4 ,! diffid5ce & res]ve ( _m /ud5ts 9 libr>ies1 & ! mi/ak5 fe> ( giv+ tr\ble to libr>ians1 frequ5tly deprives !m ( ev5 ^? aids :i* a few words ( inquiry might br+ =? f ! ready k ( ! cu/odians 9 *>ge4 ,t is ! be/ libr>y1 & he is ! mo/ useful libr>ian1 by ^: aid e read] is enabl$ to put 8 f+] on ! fact he wants1 j :5 x is want$4 ,9 atta9+ ?is end x is ess5tial t ! m rec5t1 important1 & valuable aids to rese>* 9 g5]al sci5ce1 z well z 9 special dep>tm5ts ( ea*1 %\ld =m a "p ( ! libr>y4 ,9 ord] to make a fit selection ( books 7& all libr>ies are practically r$uc$ to a selection1 f want ( means to possess ! :ole7 x is indisp5sable to "k ! relative value ( ! books conc]n$4 ,_m works ( ref]5ce ( great fame1 & once ( great value1 h become almo/ obsolete1 ?r\gh ! issue ( m ext5sive & c>efully edit$ works 9 ! same field4 ,:ile a great & compreh5sive libr>y %\ld possess e "w ( ref]5ce1 old or new1 :i* has aid$ or may aid ! rese>*es ( s*ol>s1 7n =gett+ ev5 ! e>li] editions ( works (t5 repr9t$71 ! small] libr>ies1 on ! o!r h&1 are compell$ to ex]cise a close economy ( selection4 ,! mo/ valuable works ( ref]5ce1 among :i* ! m copi\s & ext5sive bibliographies /& fir/1 are frequ5tly exp5sive treasures1 & x is important to ! libr>ian furni%+ a limit$ & select libr>y to "k :at books he c be/ af=d to d )\t4 ,if he _c buy bo? ! ,manuel du libraire by ,brunet1 9 five volumes1 & ! ,trsor des livres r>es et prcieux ( ,graesse1 sev5 volumes1 bo? ( :i* are diction>ies ( ! *oic] portions ( lit]ature1 x is important to "k t ,brunet is ! m indisp5sable ( ! two4 ,f ! #bj1jjj ref]5ce books ly+ op5 to ! consultation ( all read]s 9 ! great rotunda ( ! ,briti% ,museum read+ room1 to ! small & select case ( diction>ies1 catalogues1 cyclopa$ias1 & o!r works ( ref]5ce 9 a t[n or subscription libr>y1 ! int]val is wide inde$4 ,b :]e we _c h all1 x becomes ! m important to h ! be/2 & ! read] :o has at h& = ready ref]5ce ! late/ & mo/ copi\s diction>y ( ea* ( ! lead+ languages ( ! _w1 two or ?ree ( ! be/ g5]al bibliographies1 ! mo/ copi\s catalogue raisonn ( ! lit]ature 9 ea* great dep>tm5t ( sci5ce1 ! be/ biographical diction>ies1 & ! late/ & mo/ copi\s encyclopa$ias issu$ f ! press1 is tol]ably well equipp$ = ! prosecution ( 8 rese>*es4 ,next 9 importance to ! possession 9 any libr>y ( a good selection ( ! mo/ useful books ( ref]5ce1 is ! conv5i5t accessibility ( ^! works to ! read+ public4 ,j 9 proportion to ! indisp5sability & frequ5cy ( use ( any "w %\ld be ! facility to ! read] ( avail+ himself ( its aid4 ,! lead+ encyclopa$ias1 bibliographies1 diction>ies1 annuals1 & o!r books ( ref]5ce %\ld nev] be lock$ up 9 cases1 nor plac$ on high or remote %elves4 ,!re %\ld be 9 e libr>y :at may be t]m$ a c5tral bureau ( ref]5ce4 ,"h %\ld be assembl$1 :e!r on circul> cases made to revolve on a pivot1 or on a rectangul> case1 ) volumes cov]+ bo? sides1 or 9 a c5tral alcove =m+ a portion ( ! %elves ( ! ma9 libr>y1 all ^? books ( ref]5ce1 & volumes incessantly ne$$ by /ud5ts 9 pursuit ( _! v>i\s inquiries4 ,x is important t ! cu/odians ( all libr>ies %\ld rememb] t ?is ready & conv5i5t supply ( ! ref]5ce books mo/ con/antly want$1 s]ves ! d\ble object ( economiz+ ! "t ( ! libr>ian & assi/ants = o!r labor1 & ( accommodat+ 9 ! highe/ degree ! read]s1 ^: "t is also economiz$4 ,! misplacem5t ( volumes :i* w ?us occur is easily rectifi$1 :ile ! possibility ( loss ?r\gh ab/raction is s extremely small t x %\ld n be p]mitt$ to weigh = a mom5t 9 comp>ison ) ! great advantages result+ f ! rule ( lib]ality 9 aid+ ! wants ( read]s4 ,bibliography1 9 its mo/ intimate s5se1 is ! prop] sci5ce ( ! libr>ian4 ,to _m x is a /udy--to "s1 x is a passion4 ,:ile ! be/ works 9 bibliography h n always be5 writt5 by libr>ians1 b by s*ol>s enamor$ ( ! sci5ce ( books1 & devotees ( le>n+1 x is safe to say t ! great catalogues :i* af=d su* ine/imable aid to rese>*1 h ne>ly all be5 prep>$ 9 libr>ies1 & n "o ( ! books wor?y ( ! "n ( bibliography1 c\ld h be5 writt5 )\t _! aid4 ,9 view+ ! ext5sive field ( bibliographies1 reg>d = sy/ematic treatm5t requires t !y be divid$ into classes4 ,beg9n+ fir/ ) g5]al bibliographies1 or ^? claim+ to be univ]sal1 we %\ld aft]w>ds consid] ! num]\s bibliographies ( c\ntries1 or ^? devot$ to national lit]ature2 foll[+ t by ! /ill m num]\s special bibliographies1 or ^? embrac+ works on specially designat$ subjects4 ,! two classes la/ nam$ are by f> ! mo/ num]\s4 ,al?\gh :at may be t]m$ a univ]sal catalogue has be5 ! dream ( s*ol>s = _m ages1 x is z f> z ev] f be+ realiz$--& 9 fact mu* f>!r ?an ev] be=e1 s9ce ea* ye> t is add$ to ! long roll ( ! pa/ increases enorm\sly ! numb] ( books to be dealt )1 & consequ5tly ! difficulties ( ! problem4 ,we may set d[n ! publication ( a "w :i* %\ld conta9 ! titles ( all books ev] pr9t$1 z a practical impossibility4 ,! _w's lit]ature is too va/ & complex to be completely catalogu$1 :e!r on ! cop]ative plan1 or any o!r4 ,mean:ile ! _m ?\s&s ( volumes1 ea* ( :i* has be5 devot$ to "s portion ( ! va/ & ev]-increas+ /ores ( lit]ature & sci5ce :i* human bra9s h put 9 pr9t1 w s]ve to aid ! rese>*es ( ! /ud5t1 :5 rightly guid$ by an intellig5t libr>ian4 ,not)/&+ ! hopeless nature ( ! que/1 x is true t "s m5 ( le>n+ h essay$ :at h be5 t]m$ univ]sal bibliographies4 ,! e>lie/ attempt 9 ?is direction 0 publi%$ at ,zri* 9 #aede1 "u ! title ( ,biblio!ca ,univ]salis1 by ,conrad ,gesn]1 a ,swiss s*ol> ^: acquisition ( k 0 s ext5sive t he 0 /yl$ a miracle ( le>n+4 ,?is great "w gave ! titles ( all books ( :i* its au?or c\ld f9d trace1 & 0 illu/rat$ by a mass ( bibliographical notes & criticism4 ,x long held a high place 9 ! _w ( lett]s1 ?\gh x is n[ seldom ref]r$ to 9 ! ple?ora ( m mod]n works ( bibliography4 ,9 #afbe1 ! booksell] ,b4 ,o/]n put =? at ,frank=t1 8 ,biblio?que ,univ]selle1 a catalogue ( all books f #aejj to #afbd4 ,9 #agdb1 ,?4 ,georgi issu$ 9 elev5 folio volumes1 8 ,allgeme9es ,europis*es ,b*]-lexikon1 claim+ to repres5t ! works ( ne>ly all writ]s f #aejj d[n to #agci4 ,?is =midable catalogue may p]haps be said to embrace m =gott5 books ?an any o!r 9 ! lit]>y hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,almo/ equally =midable1 h[ev]1 is ! bibliography ( t erudite s*ol>1 ,*ri/ian ,g4 ,j*]1 :o put =? 9 #agej1 at ,leipzig1 8 ,allgeme9es ,gelehrt5-lexicon1 9 :i*1 says ! title page1 ! le>n$ m5 ( all classes :o h liv$ f ! beg9n+ ( ! _w up to ! pres5t "t1 are describ$4 ,?is book1 ) its supplem5t1 by ,adelung & ,rot]mund1 7complet$ only to lett] ,r71 makes t5 pond]\s qu>to volumes1 & may fairly be /yl$ a !saurus ( ! bir? & dea? ( anci5t s*ol>s & _! works4 ,x is /ill l>gely us$ 9 great libr>ies1 to id5tify ! p]iod & ! full names ( _m obscure writ]s ( books1 :o are n commemorat$ 9 ! catalogues ( univ]sal bibliography1 compil$ on a m re/rictive plan4 ,we come n[ to ! notable catalogues ( e>ly-pr9t$ books1 :i* aim to cov] all ! issues ( ! press f ! fir/ inv5tion ( pr9t+1 up to a c]ta9 p]iod4 ,"o ( ! mo/ c>efully edit$ & mo/ readily useful ( ^! is ,ha91 7,l47 ,rep]torium ,bibliographicum1 9 f\r small & portable octavo volumes1 publi%$ at ,/uttg>t 9 #ahbf-ch4 ,?is gives1 9 an alphabet ( au?ors1 all ! publications f\nd pr9t$ 7) _! v>iations & new editions71 f ,a4 ,d4 #adej to ,a4 ,d4 #aejj4 ,m ext5sive is ! great catalogue ( ,g4 ,w4 ,panz]1 entitl$ ,annales ,typographici1 9 elev5 qu>to volumes1 publi%$ at ,nuremb]g f #agic to #ahjc4 ,?is "w1 :i* cov]s ! p]iod f #adeg 7! p]iod ( ! fir/ book ev] pr9t$ ) a date7 up to ,a4 ,d4 #aecf1 is n arrang$ alphabetically 7z 9 ,ha9's ,rep]torium7 by ! names ( au?ors1 b 9 ! ord] ( ! cities or places :]e ! books catalogu$ 7 pr9t$4 ,! bibliography ?us br+s toge!r 9 "o view1 ! typographical product ( ea* city or t[n = ab\t eighty ye>s aft] ! e>lie/ dat$ issues ( ! press1 arrang$ 9 *ronological ord] ( ! ye>s :5 pr9t$4 ,?is sy/em has und5iable advantages1 b equally obvi\s defects1 :i* are s\ght to be rem$i$ by _m copi\s indexes ( au?ors & pr9t]s4 ,next 9 importance comes ,m4 ,maittaire's ,annales ,typographici1 ab artis inv5tae orig9e ad annum #affd1 pr9t$ at ,! ,hague 7,hagae ,comitum7 & complet$ at ,london1 f #agbb-hi1 9 elev5 volumes1 qu>to1 (t5 b\nd 9 five volumes4 ,!re is besides1 devot$ to ! e>ly pr9t$ lit]ature ( ! _w1 ! useful ?ree volume bibliography by ,la ,s]na de ,sant&]1 publi%$ at ,brussels 9 #ahje1 entitl$ ,dictionnaire bibliographique *oisie du qu9zime sicle1 ,bruxelles1 #ahjc1 embrac+ a selection ( :at its compil] deem$ ! m important books publi%$ f ! beg9n+ ( pr9t+ up to ,a4 ,d4 #aejj4 ,all ! f\r works la/ nam$ conta9 ! titles & descriptions ( :at are kn[n z incunabula1 or cradle-books 7f ,lat9 cunabula1 a cradle7 a t]m appli$ to all works produc$ 9 ! infancy ( pr9t+1 & mo/ commonly to ^? appe>+ be=e #aejj4 ,^! books are also sometimes call$ fifte5]s1 or #ae? c5tury books4 ,( g5]al bibliographies ( lat] date1 only a few ( ! mo/ useful & important c "h be nam$4 ,at ! head ( ^! /&s1 des]v$ly1 ! great "w ( ,j4 ,c4 ,brunet1 entitl$ ,manuel du ,libraire et de l'amateur des livres1 ! la/ or #e? edition ( :i* appe>$ at ,p>is 9 #ahfj-fd1 9 five ?ick octavo volumes4 ,! fir/ edition ( ,brunet appe>$ 9 #ahaj1 & e issue s9ce has exhibit$ n only an ext5sive enl>gem5t1 b great improvem5t 9 c>eful1 critical editor%ip4 ,x embraces mo/ ( ! *oice/ books t h appe>$ 9 ! pr9cipal languages ( ,europe1 & a supplem5t 9 two volumes1 by ,p4 ,des*amps & ,g4 ,brunet1 appe>$ 9 #ahgh4 ,next to ,brunet 9 importance to ! libr>ian1 is ,j4 ,g4 ,t4 ,graesse's ,trsor des ,livres r>es et prcieux1 :i* is m full ?an ,brunet 9 works 9 ! ,teutonic languages1 & 0 publi%$ at ,dresd5 9 six qu>to volumes1 ) a supplem5t1 9 #ahfa-fi4 ,bo? ( ^! bibliographies aim at a univ]sal range1 ?\gh !y make a selection ( ! be/ au?ors & editions1 anci5t & mod]n1 omitt+ h[ev]1 ! mo/ rec5t writ]s4 ,! arrangem5t ( bo? is /rictly alphabetical1 or a diction>y ( au?ors' names1 :ile ,brunet gives 9 a f9al volume a classification by subjects4 ,bo? catalogues are r5d]$ additionally valuable by ! citation ( prices at :i* _m ( ! works catalogu$ h be5 sold at book auctions 9 ! pres5t c5tury4 ,9 #aheg 0 publi%$ at ,p>is a k9d ( univ]sal bibliography1 on ! plan ( a catalogue raisonn1 or diction>y ( subjects1 by ,messrs4 ,f4 ,d5is1 ,p9on1 & ,de ,m>tonne1 two ( :om 7 libr>ians by pr(ession4 ,?is "w ( ov] #gjj pages1 ?\gh pr9t$ 9 almo/ microscopic type1 & n[ ab\t =ty ye>s 9 arre>s1 has mu* value z a ready key to ! be/ books !n kn[n on ne>ly e subject 9 sci5ce & lit]ature4 ,x is arrang$ 9 a complete index ( topics1 ! books "u ea* be+ describ$ 9 *ronological ord]1 in/ead ( ! alphabetical4 ,! prepond]ance is giv5 to ! ,fr5* 9 ! works cit$ on mo/ subjects1 b ! lit]ature ( o!r nations is by no means neglect$4 ,x is entitl$ ,n\veau ,manuel de ,bibliographie univ]selle1 & be+ a subjective index1 :ile ,brunet & ,graesse are arrang$ by au?ors' names1 x may be us$ to advantage 9 connection ) ^! /&>d bibliographies4 ,:ile on ?is subject1 let me "n ! books specially devot$ to li/s ( bibliographical works--g5]al & special4 ,^! may be t]m$ ! catalogues ( catalogues1--& are highly useful aids1 inde$ indisp5sable to ! libr>ian1 :o seeks to "k :at li/s ( books h appe>$ t are devot$ to ! titles ( publications cov]+ any p]iod1 or c\ntry1 or special subject 9 ! :ole circle ( sci5ces or lit]atures4 ,! fir/ notably important book ( ref]5ce 9 ?is field1 0 ! "w ( t mo/ indu/ri\s bibliograph]1 ,gabriel ,peignot1 :o publi%$ at ,p>is1 9 #ahab1 8 ,rep]toire bibliographique univ]selle1 9 "o volume4 ,?is "w conta9s ! titles ( mo/ special bibliographies1 ( :atev] subject or c\ntry1 publi%$ up to #ahab1 & ( _m works bibliographical 9 "*1 devot$ to lit]>y hi/ory4 ,dr4 ,julius ,petzholdt1 "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ & labori\s ( libr>ians1 issu$ at ,leipzig 9 #ahff1 a ,biblio!ca bibliographica1 ! full] title ( :i* 0 a critical catalogue1 exhibit+ 9 sy/ematic ord]1 ! entire field ( bibliography cov]+ ! lit]ature ( ,g]many & o!r c\ntries4 ,! r ambiti\s promise ( ?is title is well r$eem$ 9 ! cont5ts3 = v few catalogues ( importance issu$ be=e #ahff1 are omitt$ 9 ?is elaborate book ( #ica closely pr9t$ pages4 ,mo/ titles ( ! bibliographies giv5 are foll[$ by critical & explanatory notes1 ( mu* value to ! unskill$ read]4 ,^! notes are 9 ,g]man1 :ile all ! titles cit$ are 9 ! language ( ! books !mselves4 ,aft] giv+ full titles ( all ! books 9 g5]al bibliography1 he takes up ! national bibliographies by c\ntries1 cit+ bo? sy/ematic catalogues & p]iodicals devot$ to ! lit]ature ( ea* 9 any p]iod4 ,?is is foll[$ by a di/ributive li/ ( sci5tific bibliographies1 s full z to leave little to be desir$1 except = lat] issues ( ! press4 ,"o ( ! curiosities ( ?is "w is its catalogue ( all ! issues ( ! ,index ,librorum ,prohibitorum1 or books =bidd5 to be read1 includ+ #ahe sep>ate catalogues1 f ,a4 ,d4 #aeaj to ,a4 ,d4 #ahfb4 ,! next bibliographical "w claim+ to cov] ?is field 0 9 ! ,fr5* language1 be+ ! ,bibliographie des bibliographies ( ,lon ,valle1 publi%$ 9 #ahhc at ,p>is4 ,?is book1 ?\gh beautifully pr9t$1 is s full ( errors1 & /ill full] ( omissions1 t x is reg>d$ by compet5t s*ol>s z a failure1 ?\gh /ill hav+ its uses to ! libr>ian4 ,x is amaz+ t any writ] %\ld put =? a book sev5te5 ye>s aft] ! great & successful "w ( ,petzholdt1 purport+ to be a catalogue ( bibliographies1 & yet fail to record su* a multitude ( pr9t$ contributions to ! sci5ce ( sci5ces z ,valle has ov]look$4 ,"s t5 ye>s lat]1 or 9 #ahig1 !re came f ! ,fr5* press1 a f> bett] bibliographical "w1 cov]+ ! mod]n issues ( books ( bibliography m especially1 ) great] fullness & sup]ior plan4 ,?is is ! ,manuel de ,bibliographie gnrale1 by ,h5ri ,/e94 ,?is "w conta9s1 9 #iae well-pr9t$ pages1 #a/4 a li/ ( univ]sal bibliographies3 #b;d4 a catalogue ( national bibliographies1 9 alphabetical ord] ( c\ntries3 #c;d4 a li/ ( classifi$ bibliographies ( subjects1 divid$ into sev5te5 classes1 namely1 religi\s sci5ces1 philosophical sci5ces1 juridical1 economic1 social1 & educational sci5ces1 pure & appli$ sci5ces1 m$ical sci5ces1 philology & belles lettres1 geographical & hi/orical sci5ces1 sci5ces auxili>y to hi/ory1 ar*aeology & f9e arts1 music1 & biography4 ,besides ^! extremely useful categories ( bibliographical aids1 9 :i* ! fre%e/ publications ( catalogues & li/s ( books 9 ea* field are set =?1 ,m4 ,/e9 gives u a complete geographical bibliography ( pr9t+1 on a new plan4 ,?is he entitles ,gographie bibliographique1 or sy/ematic li/s ( localities 9 e "p ( ! _w :i* possess$ a pr9t+ press prior to ! #ai? c5tury4 ,x gives1 aft] ! mod]n or curr5t "n ( ea* place1 ! ,lat91 or anci5t "n1 ! c\ntry 9 :i* locat$1 ! ye> 9 :i* ! fir/ pr9t$ publication appe>$ 9 ea* place1 & f9ally1 ! au?ority = ! /atem5t4 ,?is h&y-li/ ( in=mation alone1 is wor? ! co/ ( ! "w1 s9ce x w save mu* "t ( ! inquir]1 9 hunt+ ov] _m volumes ( ,panz]1 ,maittaire1 ,ha91 ,dibd91 ,?omas1 or o!r au?ors on pr9t+1 to f9d ! orig9 ( ! art1 or e>ly "n ( ! place :]e x 0 introduc$4 ,! "w conta9s1 9 addition1 a g5]al table ( ! p]iodicals ( all c\ntries1 7( c\rse n exhau/ive7 divid$ into classes1 & fill+ sev5ty-five pages4 ,x closes ) a rep]tory ( ! pr9cipal libr>ies ( ! entire _w1 & ) an index to ! :ole "w1 9 :i* ! e>ly names 9 ,lat91 ( all places :]e books 7 pr9t$1 are int]sp]s$ 9 ! alphabet1 di/+ui%$ by italic type1 & ) ! mod]n "n ( ea* t[n or city affix$4 ,?is admirable feature w r5d] unnecess>y any ref]5ce to ! ,orbis ,lat9us ( ,graesse1 or to any o!r vocabul>y ( geography1 to id5tify ! place 9 :i* e>ly-pr9t$ books appe>$4 ,/e9 is by no means free f errors1 & "s surpris+ omissions4 ,"o c>d9al defect is ! abs5ce ( any full index ( au?ors ^: books are cit$4 ,!re are also q brief catalogues ( works on bibliography 9 ,j4 ,p[]'s ,h&y ,book ab\t ,books1 ,london1 #ahgj1 & 9 ,j4 ,sab9's ,bibliography3 a h&y book ab\t books :i* relate to books1 ,n4 ,y41 #ahgg4 ,! latt] "w is an expansion ( ! fir/-nam$4 ,we come n[ to ! second class ( our bibliographies1 viz43 ^? ( v>i\s c\ntries4 ,"h ! read] mu/ be on 8 gu>d n to be misl$ into too g5]al an int]pretation ( geographical t]ms4 ,?us1 he w f9d _m books & pamphlets ambiti\sly /yl$ ,catalogue ,amrica9e1 :i* are s f> f be+ g5]al bibliographies ( books relat+ to ,am]ica1 t !y are m]ely li/s ( a few books = sale by "s book-deal]1 :i* h some?+ ,am]ican 9 _! subject4 ,to "k :at catalogues are compreh5sive1 & :at p]iod !y cov]1 z well z ! limitations ( ne>ly all ( !m1 is a necess>y "p ( ! tra9+ ( a bibliograph]1 & is ess5tial to ! libr>ian :o w\ld economize 8 "t & enl>ge 8 usefulness4 ,let u beg9 ) our own c\ntry4 ,"h we are met at ! outset by ! great paucity ( g5]al catalogues ( ,am]ican lit]ature1 & ! utt] impossibility ( f9d+ any really compreh5sive li/s ( ! books publi%$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 dur+ c]ta9 p]iods4 ,we c get along tol]ably well = ! publications )9 ! la/ ?irty ye>s1 :i* ne>ly repres5t ! "t s9ce sy/ematic weekly bibliographical j\rnals h be5 publi%$1 conta9+ li/s ( ! curr5t issues ( books4 ,b = ! p]iod j be=e ! ,civil ,w>1 back to ! ye> #agge1 or = v ne>ly a c5tury1 we are )\t any sy/ematic bibliography ( ! product ( ! ,am]ican press4 ,! fragm5t>y attempts :i* h be5 made t[>d supply+ an acc\nt ( :at books h be5 publi%$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates f ! beg9n+1 w h]eaft] be briefly not$4 ,at ! outset1 y are to obs]ve ! wide di/9ction t exi/s betwe5 books treat+ ( ,am]ica1 or any "p ( x1 & books pr9t$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,! =m] may h be5 pr9t$ any:]e1 at any "t s9ce #adib1 & 9 any language3 & to su* books1 ! broad significant t]m ,am]icana may prop]ly be appli$1 z imply+ books relat+ to ,am]ica4 ,b ?is class ( works is :olly diff]5t f t ( books writt5 or produc$ by ,am]icans1 or pr9t$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,x is ^! latt] t we mean :5 we lam5t ! want ( a compreh5sive ,am]ican catalogue4 ,!re h be5 publi%$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates alone 7to g no f>!r into ,am]ica at pres5t7 ?\s&s ( books1 ^: titles are n f\nd any:]e1 except widely scatt]$ 9 ! catalogues ( libr>ies1 public & private1 9 :i* !y exi/4 ,nay1 !re are multitudes ( publications :i* h be5 issu$ 9 ?is c\ntry dur+ ! la/ two hundr$ ye>s1 ^: titles _c be f\nd any:]e 9 pr9t4 ,?is is n1 g5]ally1 because ! books h p]i%$ utt]ly1--?\gh ?is is unque/ionably true ( "s1 b because multitudes ( books t h appe>$1 & d appe>1 :olly escape ! eye ( ! lit]>y1 or critical1 or bibliographical *ronicl]4 ,x is1 beyond d\bt true ev5 n[1 t :at are commonly accept$ z complete catalogues ( ! issues ( ! press ( any ye>1 are w(ully incomplete1 & t too1 ?r\gh no fault ( _! compil]s4 ,_m works are pr9t$ 9 obscure t[ns1 or 9 newspap] (fices1 :i* nev] rea* ! great ea/]n cities1 :]e our pr9cipal bibliographies1 bo? p]iodical & p]man5t1 are prep>$4 ,_m books1 too1 are privately pr9t$1 to gratify ! pride or ! ta/e ( _! au?ors1 & a few copies di/ribut$ to fri5ds1 or sometimes to select$ libr>ies1 or public m54 ,9 ^! cases1 n only are ! public *ronicl]s ( new issues ( ! press 9 ignorance ( ! pr9t+ ( _m books1 b !y are purposely kept 9 ignorance4 ,*>les ,lamb1 ( humor\s & p]haps immortal memory1 us$ to compla9 ( ! multitudes ( books :i* are no books2 & we ( to-day may compla91 if we *oose1 ( ! va/ numb] ( publications t are n publi%$4 ,take a s+le example ( ! failure ( ev5 l>ge & impos+ volumes to be includ$ 9 ! ,am]ican ,catalogue1 = ^: aid1 libr>ians are s immeasurably indebt$ to ! ent]prise ( its publi%]s4 ,a s+le publi%+ h\se we/ ( ,new ,york1 pr9t$ & circulat$ 9 ab\t f\r ye>s "t1 no less ?an ?irty-two elaborate & co/ly hi/ories1 ( we/]n c\nties & t[ns1 n "o ( :i* 0 ev] record$ by title 9 our only compreh5sive ,am]ican bibliography4 ,:y 0 ?is8 ,simply because ! works ref]r$ to 7 publi%$ only z subscription books1 circulat$ by ag5ts1 c>efully kept out ( booksell]s' h&s1 & nev] s5t to ! ,ea/]n press = notice or review4 ,:5 circum/ances l ^! exi/ z to ev5 v rec5t ,am]ican publications 7& !y are cont9ually happ5+7 is x any wond] t our bibliographies are incomplete8 ,p]haps "s w sugge/ t !re mu/ be "o record ( ,am]ican publications :i* is complete1 namely1 ! (fice ( ,copyright at ,wa%+ton4 ,x is true t ! titles ( all copyright publications are requir$ by law to be !re regi/]$1 & copies deposit$ z soon z pr9t$4 ,x is also true t a weekly catalogue ( all books & o!r copyright publications is pr9t$1 & di/ribut$ by ! ,treasury1 to all our cu/om-h\ses1 to int]cept piratical re-pr9ts :i* might be import$4 ,b ! books j ref]r$ to 7 n ent]$ = copyright at all1 ! publi%]s app>5tly pref]r+ ! risk ( any rival's repr9t+ !m1 r ?an to incur ! co/ ( ! small copyright fee1 & ! deposit ( copies4 ,9 su* cases1 !re is no law requir+ publi%]s to furni% copies ( _! books4 ,! gov]nm5t gu>antees no monopoly ( publication1 & s _c exact a quid pro quo41 h[ev] mu* x might inure to ! int]e/ ( publi%] & au?or to h ! "w se5 & notic$1 & pres]v$ beyond risk ( p]i%+ 7unless pr9t$ on wood-pulp pap]7 9 ! ,libr>y ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,if su* ext5sive omissions ( ! titles ( books sometimes important1 c n[ cont9ually occur 9 our accept$ /&>ds ( national bibliography1 :at %all we say ( times :5 we _h no critical j\rnals1 no publi%]s' trade organs1 & no weekly1 nor annual1 nor qu9qu5nial catalogues ( ,am]ican books issu$8 ,mu/ we n all[1 9 ! abs5ce ( any catalogues wor?y ( ! "n1 to repres5t su* p]iods1 t all our ref]5ce books are f ! v necessity ( ! case deplorably incomplete8 ,only by ! mo/ devot$1 indefatigable & unrew>d$ indu/ry h we got su* aids to rese>* z to ! exi/5ce ( ,am]ican publications1 z ,hav5's ,catalogue ( ,am]ican publications prior to #aggf1 ,sab9's ,biblio!ca ,am]icana1 & ! ,am]ican ,catalogues ( ,leypoldt1 ,b[k]1 & _! coadjutors4 ,^! illu/rations are cit$ to gu>d aga9/ ! too common error ( suppos+ t we h 9 ! num]\s ,am]ican catalogues t exi/1 ev5 putt+ !m all toge!r1 any full bibliography ( ! titles ( ,am]ican books4 ,:ile x _c be said t ! lacunae or omissions approa* ! actual entries 9 numb]1 x mu/ be all[$ t books are turn+ up e day1 bo? new & old1 ^: titles are n f\nd 9 any catalogue4 ,! mo/ important books--^? :i* des]ve a "n z lit]ature1 are f\nd record$ some:]e--al?\gh ev5 z to _m ( ^!1 "o has to se>* _m alphabets1 9 a l>ge numb] ( volumes1 be=e trac+ !m1 or "s editions ( !m4 ,"o pr9cipal s\rce ( ! great numb] ( titles ( books f\nd want+ 9 ,am]ican catalogues1 is t _m books 7 pr9t$ at places remote f ! great cities1 & 7 nev] ann\nc$ 9 ! columns ( ! press at all4 ,?is is especially true z to books pr9t$ t[>d ! close ( ! #ah? c5tury1 & dur+ ! fir/ qu>t] ( ! #ai?4 ,n only h we no bibliography :atev] ( ,am]ican issues ( ! press1 specially devot$ to cov]+ ! long p]iod betwe5 #agge & #ahbj1 b multitudes ( books pr9t$ dur+ t neglect$ half-c5tury1 h fail$ to get into ! pr9t$ catalogues ( our libr>ies4 ,z illu/rations we might give a long catalogue ( places :]e book-publication 0 long c>ri$ on1 & _m books ( m or less importance pr9t$ or repr9t$1 b 9 :i* t[ns n a book has be5 produc$ = m ?an ?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury pa/4 ,"o ( ^! t[ns 0 ,w9*e/]1 & ano!r ,williamsburg1 9 ,virg9ia2 ano!r 0 ,exet]1 ,new ,hamp%ire1 & a f\r? 0 ,c>lisle1 ,pa4 ,9 ! la/-nam$ place1 "o ,ar*ibald ,l\don pr9t$ _m books1 betwe5 ,a4 ,d4 #agih1 & #ahac1 :i* h ne>ly all escap$ ! *ronicl]s ( ,am]ican book-titles4 ,notable among ! productions ( 8 press1 0 8 own book1 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,indian ,w>s1 or z he /yl$ x 9 ! title page1 ,a selection ( "s ( ! mo/ int]e/+ n>ratives ( outrages committ$ by ! ,indians 9 _! w>s ) ! :ite p4 ,?is hi/ory appe>$ 9 two volumes f ! press ( ,a4 ,l\don1 ,c>lisle1 ,pa41 9 #ahjh & #ahaa4 ,x is s r>e t ,i h fail$ to f9d its title any:]e except 9 ,sab9's ,biblio!ca ,am]icana1 ,field's ,indian ,bibliography1 & ! ,catalogue ( ! ,libr>y ( ,congress4 ,n ev5 ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y1 s ri* 9 ,am]icana1 has a copy4 ,sab9 /ates t only six copies are kn[n1 & ,field /yles x1 ?is r>e/ ( books on ,am]ica1 add+ t he c\ld le>n ( only ?ree p]fect copies 9 ! _w4 ,a ,h>risburg repr9t ( #ahhh 7#ajj copies to subscrib]s7 is also q r>e4 ,cont9u+ ! subject ( ,am]ican bibliography1 & /ill lam5t+ ! want ( any compreh5sive or f9i%$ "w 9 t field :i* is wor?y ( ! "n1 let u see :at catalogues d exi/1 ev5 approximat+ complet5ess = any p]iod4 ,! e>li] ye>s ( ! production ( ,am]ican books h be5 p>tially cov]$ by ! ,catalogue ( publications 9 :at is n[ ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 prior to #aggf4 ,?is li/ 0 compil$ by an indefatigable libr>ian1 ! late ,samuel ,f4 ,hav51 :o 0 at ! head ( ! ,libr>y ( ! ,am]ican ,antiqu>ian ,society1 at ,worce/]1 ,mass4 ,x gives all titles by sequ5ce ( ye>s ( publication1 in/ead ( alphabetical ord]1 f #afci 7! epo* ( ! e>lie/ pr9t+ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 to ! end ( #agge4 ,! titles ( books & pamphlets are describ$ ) provok+ brevity1 be+ g5]ally limit$ to a s+le l9e = ea*1 & usually )\t publi%]s' names1 7?\gh ! places ( publication & sometimes ! numb] ( pages are giv57 s t x leaves mu* to be desir$4 ,not)/&+ ?is1 ,mr4 ,hav5's catalogue is an invaluable aid to ! se>*] aft] titles ( ! e>ly pr9t$ lit]ature ( our c\ntry4 ,x appe>$ at ,albany1 ,n4 ,y41 9 #ahgd1 z an app5dix 9 ,vol #b to a new 7or second7 edition ( ,isaiah ,?omas's ,hi/ory ( ,pr9t+ 9 ,am]ica1 :i* 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 #ahaj4 ,9 us+ x1 ! libr>ian w f9d no difficulty1 if he kn[s ! ye> :5 ! publication he looks = appe>$1 z all books ( ea* ye> are arrang$ 9 alphabetical ord]4 ,b if he kn[s only ! au?or's "n1 he may h a long se>* to trace ! title1 !re be+ no g5]al alphabet or index ( au?ors4 ,?is *ronological arrangem5t has c]ta9 advantages to ! lit]>y inquir] or hi/orian1 :ile = ready ref]5ce1 its disadvantages are obvi\s4 ,:ile !re 7 sev]al e>li] und]tak+s ( an ,am]ican bibliography ?an ,hav5's catalogue ( publications be=e ! ,am]ican revolution1 yet ! long p]iod :i* t li/ cov]s1 & its importance1 entitl$ x to fir/ m5tion "h4 ,!re _h1 h[ev]1 appe>$1 z e>ly z ! ye> #ahjd1 9 ,bo/on1 ,a ,catalogue ( all books1 pr9t$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ) ! prices1 & places :]e publi%$1 annex$4 ,?is l>ge promise is h>dly r$eem$ by ! cont5ts ( ?is ?9 pamphlet ( #ia pages1 all told4 ,yet ! editor goes on to assure u-- ,?is ,catalogue is int5d$ to include all books ( g5]al sale pr9t$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :e!r orig9al1 or repr9t$2 t ! public may see ! rapid progress ( book-pr9t+ 9 a c\ntry1 :]e1 tw5ty ye>s s9ce1 sc>cely a book 0 publi%$4 ,local & occasional tracts are g5]ally omitt$4 ,"s ( ! books 9 ! ,catalogue are n[ out ( pr9t1 & o!rs are sc>ce4 ,x is contemplat$ to publi% a new edition ( ?is ,catalogue1 e two ye>s1 & to make ! necess>y additions & corrections2 & x is hop$ ! "t is n f> di/ant1 :5 useful ,libr>ies may be =m$ ( ,am]ican editions ( ,books1 well pr9t$1 & h&somely b\nd4 ,pr9t$ at ,bo/on1 = ! ,book sell]s1 ,jan41 #ahjd4 ,! really rem>kable ?+ ab\t ?is catalogue is t x 0 ! v fir/ bibliographical attempt at a g5]al catalogue1 9 sep>ate =m1 9 ,am]ica4 ,x is q int]e/+ z an e>ly booksell]s' li/ ( ,am]ican publications1 z well z = its classification1 :i* is z foll[s3 ,law1 ,physic1 ,div9ity1 ,bibles1 ,miscellanies1 ,s*ool ,books1 ,s++ ,books1 ,omissions4 ,! fact t no subsequ5t issues ( ! catalogue appe>$1 ev9ces ! v small int]e/ tak5 9 bibliographic k 9 ^? e>ly days4 ,?is curiosity ( e>ly ,am]ican bibliography gives ! titles ( #acch books1 all ( ,am]ican publication1 ) prices 9 #ahjd4 ,"h are samples3 ,b+ham's ,columbian ,orator1 #ge cts43 ,burney's ,cecilia1 #c vols4 #c3 ,memoirs ( ,pi\s ,wom51 #a4ab3 ,belknap's ,new ,hamp%ire1 #c vols4 #e3 ,mrs4 ,coghlan's ,memoirs1 #fb cts43 ,brockd5 ,br[n's ,wiel&1 #a3 ,f$]ali/1 #b vols4 #d4ej3 ,dilwor?'s ,spell+ ,book1 #ab cts43 ,pike's ,ari?metic1 #b4be4 ,! numb] ( out-(-!-way places 9 :i* books 7 publi%$ 9 ^? days is rem>kable4 ,?us1 9 ,connecticut1 we h z issu+ books1 ,lit*field1 ,new ,london & ,fairhav53 9 ,massa*usetts1 ,leom9/]1 ,d$ham1 ,gre5field1 ,brookfield1 & ,wr5?am3 9 ,new ,hamp%ire1 ,dov]1 ,walpole1 ,portsm\?1 & ,exet]3 9 ,p5nsylvania1 ,wa%+ton1 ,c>lisle1 & ,*amb]sburg3 9 ,new ,j]sey1 ,morri/[n1 ,elizabe?t[n1 & ,burl+ton4 ,at ,alex&ria1 ,va41 eight books are record$ z publi%$4 ,?is hi/orical nugget ( ! ,bo/on bookmong]s ( a c5tury ago is s r>e1 t only two copies are kn[n 9 public libr>ies1 namely1 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 & 9 t ( ! ,massa*usetts ,hi/orical ,society4 ,x 0 repr9t$ 9 #ahih1 = ! ,dibd9 ,club ( ,new ,york1 by ,mr4 ,a4 ,gr[oll1 ( ! ,publi%]s' ,weekly1 to ^: curi\s & valuable notes on ,booktrade ,bibliography 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ! #ai? c5tury1 x =ms a supplem5t4 ,! next catalogue ( note claim+ to be an ,am]ican catalogue1 or ( books publi%$ 9 ,am]ica1 0 put =? 9 #ahdg1 at ,cl>emont1 ,n4 ,h41 by ,alex&] ,v4 ,blake4 ,?is 0 entitl$1 ,! ,am]ican ,booksell]'s complete ref]5ce trade-li/1 & alphabetical catalogue ( books1 publi%$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 ) ! publi%]s' & au?ors' names1 & prices4 ,?is qu>to volume1 mak+ #cea pages 7) its supplem5t issu$ 9 #ahdh7 0 ! precursor ( ! n[ curr5t ,trade ,li/ ,annual1 conta9+ ! li/s ( books publi%$ by all publi%]s ^: li/s c\ld be secur$4 ,! titles are v brief1 & are arrang$ 9 ! catalogue "u ! names ( ! respective publi%]s1 ) an alphabetical index ( au?ors & ( anonym\s titles at ! end4 ,x s]v$ well its purpose ( a book-trade catalogue fifty ye>s ago1 be+ ! pione] 9 t important field4 ,x is n[1 l ! catalogue ( #ahjd1 j notic$1 *iefly int]e/+ z a bibliographical curiosity1 al?\gh bo? li/s d conta9 ! titles ( "s books n else:]e f\nd4 ,mr4 ,orville ,a4 ,roorba*1 a ,new ,york booksell]1 0 ! next compil] ( an ,am]ican bibliography4 ,8 fir/ issue ( #ahdi 0 enl>g$ & publi%$ 9 #aheb1 "u ?is title3 ,biblio!ca ,am]icana3 a catalogue ( ,am]ican publications1 includ+ repr9ts & orig9al works1 f #ahbj to #aheb1 inclusive4 ,?is octavo volume ( #ffc pages1 9 l>ge1 cle> type1 closely abbreviates ne>ly all titles1 ?\gh giv+ 9 "o compreh5sive alphabet1 ! au?ors' names1 & ! titles ( ! books "u ! fir/ ^w1 ) ye> & place ( publication1 publi%]'s "n1 & price at :i* issu$4 ,no collation ( ! books is giv51 b ! catalogue supplies suffici5t portions ( ea* title to id5tify ! book4 ,x is foll[$ 9 an app5dix by a catalogue ( law books1 9 a sep>ate alphabet1 & a li/ ( p]iodicals publi%$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 #aheb4 ,roorba* cont9u$ 8 catalogue to ! ye> #ahfa1 by ! issue ( ?ree successive supplem5ts3 7#a7 cov]+ ! ,am]ican publications ( #ahec to #ahee3 7#b7 f #ahee to #aheh3 7#c7 f #aheh to #ahfa4 ,^! f\r catalogues1 aim+ to cov]1 9 f\r diff]5t alphabets1 ! issues ( ! ,am]ican press = =ty ye>s1 or f #ahbj to #ahfa1 are extremely useful li/s to ! libr>ian1 z f9d+ li/s1 al?\gh ! rigor\sly abbreviat$ titles leave v mu* to be desir$ by ! bibliograph]1 & ! omissions are exce$+ly num]\s ( books publi%$ )9 ! ye>s nam$1 b ^: titles escap$ ! compil]4 ,foll[+ close ^u ,roorba*'s ,biblio!ca ,am]icana 9 *ronological ord]1 we h next two bibliographies cov]+ ,am]ican book issues f #ahfa to #ahga4 ,^! 7 compil$ by a ,new ,york book deal] nam$ ,james ,kelly1 & 7 entitl$ ,! ,am]ican ,catalogue ( ,books1 7orig9al & repr9t7 publi%$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates f ,jan41 #ahfa1 to ,jan41 #ahff1 & f ,jan41 #ahff1 to ,jan41 #ahga ) date ( publication1 size1 price1 & publi%]'s "n4 ,! fir/ volume conta9$ a supplem5t1 ) li/ ( pamphlets on ! civil w>1 & also a li/ ( ! publications ( le>n$ societies4 ,^! v useful & important catalogues cov] t5 ye>s ( ,am]ican publi%+ activity1 add+ also to _! own p]iod _m titles omitt$ by ,roorba* 9 e>li] ye>s4 ,kelly's catalogues numb] #cjg & #ddd pages respectively1 &1 l ,roorba*'s1 !y give bo? au?or & title 9 a s+le alphabet4 ,names ( publi%]s are giv51 ) place & ye> ( publication1 & retail price1 b )\t numb] ( pages1 & ) no alphabet ( subjects4 ,next aft] ,kelly's catalogue came ! fir/ issue ( ! ,am]ican ,catalogue1 :i*1 ) its successive volumes 7all publi%$ 9 qu>to =m7 ably repres5ts ! bibliography ( our c\ntry dur+ ! pa/ tw5ty-five ye>s4 ,! title ( ! fir/ volume1 issu$ 9 #ahhj1 reads ,am]ican ,catalogue ( books 9 pr9t & = sale 7includ+ repr9ts & importations7 ,july #a1 #ahgf4 ,compil$ "u direction ( ,f4 ,leypoldt1 by ,l4 ,e4 ,jones4 ,?is copi\s repository ( book-titles 0 9 two p>ts3 7#a7 ,au?ors1 & 7#b7 ,subject-index4 ,bo? are ( c\rse 9 alphabetical ord]1 & ! titles ( books are giv5 ) consid]able abbreviation4 ,! fact t its plan includes _m titles ( books import$ f ,great ,brita91 7z supply+ in=mation to book-deal]s & book-buy]s7 prev5ts x f be+ consid]$ z a bibliography ( /rictly ,am]ican publications4 ,/ill1 x is ! only approximately full ,am]ican bibliography ( ! publications curr5t tw5ty-five ye>s ago4 ,z su*1 its volumes are indisp5sable 9 e libr>y1 & %\ld be 9 its e>lie/ pur*ase ( works ( ref]5ce4 ,! limitation ( ! catalogue to books /ill 9 pr9t--i4 e41 to be _h ( ! publi%]s at ! "t ( its issue1 ( c\rse precludes x f be+ rank$ z a univ]sal ,am]ican bibliography4 ,! fir/ issue 9 #ahhj 0 foll[$1 9 #ahhe1 by ! ,am]ican ,catalogue1 #ahgf-ahhd3 books record$ 7includ+ repr9ts & importations71 "u editorial direction ( ,r4 ,r4 ,b[k]1 by ,miss ,a4 ,i4 ,appleton4 ,?is appe>$ 9 "o volume1 b ) two alphabets2 "o be+ au?ors & titles1 & ! o!r an alphabet ( subjects4 ,z ?is volume includ$ eight ye>s issues ( ! ,am]ican press1 ! next bibliography publi%$ cov]$ ! next ensu+ six ye>s1 & includ$ ! books record$ f ,july1 #ahhd to ,july1 #ahij4 ,?is appe>$ 9 #ahia1 edit$ ) c>e by ,miss ,appleton & o!rs4 ,9 #ahif appe>$ its successor1 ! ,am]ican ,catalogue1 #ahij-ie4 ,compil$ "u ! editorial direction ( ,r4 ,r4 ,b[k]4 ,?is catalogue records 9 its fir/ volume1 or alphabet ( au?ors3 7#a7 au?or2 7#b7 size ( book2 7#c7 ye> ( issue2 7#d7 price2 7#e7 publi%]'s "n4 ,! names ( places :]e publi%$ are n giv5 ) ! title1 be+ r5d]$ unnecess>y by ! full alphabetical li/ ( publi%]s :i* prec$es1 & fixes ! city or t[n :]e ea* publi%$ 8 books4 ,?is same usage is foll[$ 9 succe$+ issues ( ! ,am]ican ,catalogue4 ,?is indisp5sable bibliography ( rec5t ,am]ican books1 9 addition to its regul> alphabets ( au?ors & titles 7! latt] "u fir/ words & 9 ! same alphabet ) ! au?ors7 & ! succe$+ alphabet ( subjects1 pr9ts a full li/ ( ! publications ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t1 arrang$ by dep>tm5ts & bureaus2 also a li/ ( ! publications ( ,/ate gov]nm5ts1 ( ,societies1 & ( books publi%$ 9 s]ies4 ,?is la/ issue has #ici pages4 ,its only defects 7aside f its inevitable omissions ( _m unrecord$ books7 are ! d\ble alphabet1 & ! want ( collation1 or an indication ( ! numb] ( pages 9 ea* "w1 :i* %\ld foll[ e title4 ,its co/ 9 b\nd =m is #ae1 at :i* ! two prec$+ ,am]ican catalogues #ahgf-hd1 & #ahhd to #ahij c also be _h1 :ile ! catalogue ( books 9 pr9t 9 #ahgf1 publi%$ 9 #ahhj1 is q out ( pr9t1 ?\gh a copy turns up occasionally f "s book-deal]'s /ock4 ,! ,am]ican ,catalogue has n[ become a qu9qu5nial issue1 ga!r+ ! publications ( five ye>s into "o alphabet2 & x is supplem5t$ at ! end ( e ye> by ! ,annual ,am]ican ,catalogue1 />t$ 9 #ahhf1 :i* gives1 9 ab\t #djj pages1 9 its fir/ alphabet1 collations ( ! books ( ! ye> 7a mo/ important feature1 un=tunately abs5t f ! qu9qu5nial ,am]ican ,catalogue47 ,its second alphabet gives au?ors1 titles1 & sometimes subject-matt]s1 b )\t ! di/ribution into subject-divisions f\nd 9 ! qu9qu5nial catalogue2 & ! titles are greatly abridg$ f ! full record ( its fir/ alphabet4 ,its price is #c4ej ea* ye>4 ,& ?is annual1 9 turn1 is made up f ! catalogues ( titles ( all publications1 :i* appe> 9 ! ,publi%]s' ,weekly1 ! c>efully edit$ organ ( ! book publi%+ int]e/s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is p]iodical1 :i* w be f\nd a prime necessity 9 e libr>y1 orig9at$ 9 ,new ,york1 9 #ahee1 z ! ,am]ican ,publi%]s' ,circul>1 & has develop$ into ! recogniz$ au?ority 9 ,am]ican publications1 "u ! able managem5t ( ,r4 ,r4 ,b[k] & ,a4 ,gr[oll4 ,= ?ree doll>s a ye>1 x supplies weekly & mon?ly alphabetical li/s ( :atev] comes f ! press1 9 book =m1 z completely z ! titles c be ga!r$ f e s\rce4 ,x gives valuable notes aft] mo/ titles1 def9+ ! scope & idea ( ! "w1 ) collations1 features :i* are copi$ into ! ,annual ,am]ican ,catalogue4 ,i mu/ n omit to m5tion among ,am]ican bibliographies1 al?\gh publi%$ 9 ,london1 & edit$ by a =eign]1 ,mr4 ,n4 ,trbn]'s ,bibliographical ,guide to ,am]ican lit]ature3 a class$ li/ ( books publi%$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates dur+ ! la/ =ty ye>s4 ,?is book appe>$ 9 #ahei1 & is a c>efully edit$ bibliography1 arrang$ sy/ematically 9 ?irty-two divisions ( subjects1 fill+ #gad pages octavo4 ,x gives "u ea* topic1 an alphabet ( au?ors1 foll[$ by titles ( ! works1 giv5 ) approximate fullness1 foll[$ by place & ye> ( publication1 b )\t publi%]s' names4 ,! numb] ( pages is also giv5 :]e asc]ta9$1 & ! price ( ! "w quot$ 9 /]l+ ,engli% money4 ,?is "w1 by a compet5t ,g]man-,engli% book-publi%] ( ,london1 is prec$$ by a brief hi/ory ( ,am]ican lit]ature1 & closes ) a full index ( au?ors ^: works are catalogu$ 9 x4 ,we come n[ to by f> ! mo/ compreh5sive & ambiti\s attempt to cov] n only ! wide field ( ,am]ican publications1 b ! /ill m ext5sive field ( books relat+ to ,am]ica1 :i* has ev] yet be5 made4 ,i ref] to ! ,biblio!ca ,am]icana2 a diction>y ( books relat+ to ,am]ica1 by ,joseph ,sab91 begun m ?an ?irty ye>s ago1 9 #ahfh1 & /ill unf9i%$1 its indefatigable compil] hav+ di$ 9 #ahha1 at ! age ( sixty4 ,?is va/ bibliographical und]tak+ 0 orig9at$ by a v>i\sly-gift$ & mo/ en]getic man1 n a s*ol>1 b a booksell] & auctione]1 born 9 ,engl&4 ,mr4 ,sab9 is said to h compil$ m catalogues ( private libr>ies t h be5 br\ght to ! auctione]'s hamm]1 ?an any man :o ev] liv$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,he b\ght & sold1 dur+ ne>ly tw5ty ye>s1 old & r>e books1 9 a %op 9 ,nassau /reet1 ,new ,york1 :i* 0 ! resort ( book collectors & bibliophiles )\t numb]4 ,he made a specialty ( ,am]icana1 & ( e>ly pr9t$ books 9 ,engli% lit]ature1 cross+ ! ,atlantic tw5ty-five times to ga!r fre% /ores ) :i* to fe$ 8 hungry ,am]ican cu/om]s4 ,dur+ all ^! ye>s1 he work$ /eadily at 8 magnum opus1 ! bibliography ( ,am]ica1 c>ry+ ) him 9 8 _m j\rneys & voyages1 9 c>s or on ocean /eam%ips1 copy & pro(s ( "s "p ( ! "w4 ,!re h be5 complet$ ab\t n9ety p>ts1 or eighte5 ?ick volumes ( ne>ly #fjj pages ea*2 & s9ce 8 dea? ! catalogue has be5 br\ght d[n to ! lett] ,s1 ma9ly by ,mr4 ,wilb]=ce ,eames1 libr>ian ( ! ,l5ox ,libr>y1 ,new ,york4 ,?\gh its ultimate completion mu/ be reg>d$ z unc]ta91 ! great value to all libr>ians1 & /ud5ts ( ,am]ican bibliography or hi/ory1 ( ! "w s f> z issu$1 c h>dly be ov]-e/imat$4 ,mr4 ,sab9 _h ! b5efit 9 revis+ ! pro(s ( mo/ ( ! "w1 ( ! critical k & l>ge exp]i5ce ( ,mr4 ,*>les ,a4 ,cutt]1 ! libr>ian ( ! ,bo/on ,a!naeum ,libr>y1 ^: catalogue ( ! books 9 t in/itution1 9 five goodly volumes1 is a monum5t ( bibliographical le>n+ & indu/ry4 ,sab9's ,diction>y is well pr9t$1 9 l>ge1 cle> type1 ! titles be+ frequ5tly annotat$1 & prices at auction sales ( ! r>] & e>li] books not$4 ,e kn[n edition ( ea* "w is giv51 & ! initials ( public libr>ies 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 to ! numb] ( ?irte51 9 :i* ! m important works are f\nd1 are app5d$4 ,9 n a few cases1 :]e no copy 0 kn[n to ! compil] 9 a public collection1 b 0 f\nd 9 a private libr>y1 ! initials ( its own] 7 giv5 in/ead4 ,?is ext5sive bibliography 0 publi%$ solely by subscription1 only #fce copies be+ pr9t$ at #b4ej a "p1 s t its co/ to ^? subscrib+ 0 ab\t #bbe unb\nd1 up to ! "t ( its susp5sion4 ,! fir/ "p appe>$ ,janu>y #a1 #ahfg1 al?\gh ,vol4 ,i4 be>s date ,new ,york1 #ahfh4 ,x records mo/ important titles 9 full1 ) 7usually7 m>ks d5ot+ omissions :]e su* are made4 ,9 ! case ( _m r>e books relat+ to ,am]ica 7& especially ^? publi%$ prior to ! #ah? c5tury7 ! collations are pr9t$ s z to %[ :at ea* l9e ( ! orig9al title embraces1 i4 e4 ) v]tical m>ks or da%es betwe5 ! matt] ( ! respective l9es4 ,?is c>eful description is invaluable to ! bibliographical /ud5t1 frequ5tly enabl+ him to id5tify editions1 or to solve d\bts z to ! g5u95ess ( a book-title 9 h&4 ,! collation by numb] ( pages is giv5 9 all cases :]e ! book has be5 se51 or report$ fully to ! editor4 ,! ord] ( description z to ea* title is z foll[s3 7#a7 ,place ( publication 7#b7 publi%] 7#c7 ye> 7#d7 collation & size ( book4 ,notes 9 a small] type frequ5tly convey in=mation ( o!r editions1 ( prices 9 v>i\s sales1 ( m9or works by ! same writ]1 etc4 ,! fullness :i* has be5 aim$ at 9 ,sab9's ,am]ican bibliography is se5 9 ! great numb] ( s]mons & o!r specim5s ( pamphlet lit]ature :i* x *ronicles4 ,x gives also ! titles ( mo/ e>ly ,am]ican magaz9es1 reviews1 & o!r p]iodicals1 except newspap]s1 :i* are g5]ally omitt$1 z are maps also4 ,z an example ( ! (t5 m9ute catalogu+ ( ! "w1 ,i may m5tion t no less ?an eight pages are occupi$ ) a li/ ( ! v>i\s publications & editions ( books by ,dr4 ,j$$iah ,morse1 an au?or ( :om few ( ! pres5t g5]ation ( ,am]icans h ev] he>d4 ,he 0 ! e>lie/ ,am]ican geograph] :o publi%$ any compreh5sive books ^u ! subject1 & 8 num]\s ,gazette]s & ,geographies1 publi%$ f #aghd to #ahbf1 7 con/antly repr9t$1 until supplant$ by m full1 if n m accurate works4 ,^u ! :ole1 ,sab9's great "w1 al?\gh s f> f be+ f9i%$1 is invaluable z conta9+ immeasurably m & full] titles ?an any o!r ,am]ican bibliography4 ,x is also ! only ext5sive "w on ! subject :i* cov]s all p]iods1 al?\gh ! books ( ! la/ ?irty ye>s mu/ *iefly be except$ z n repres5t$4 ,z a "w ( ref]5ce1 :ile its co/ & sc>city may prev5t ! small] public libr>ies f possess+ x1 x is always accessible 9 ! libr>ies ( ! l>g] cities1 :]e x is among ! =emo/ works to be consult$ 9 any rese>* involv+ ,am]ican publications1 or books ( any p]iod or c\ntry relat+ to ,am]ica1 or its num]\s sub-divisions4 ,i may n[ m5tion1 mu* m cursorily1 "s o!r bibliographies p]ta9+ to our c\ntry4 ,! late ,h5ry ,/ev5s1 :o di$ 9 #ahhf1 compil$ a ,catalogue ( ! ,am]ican ,books 9 ! ,libr>y ( ! ,briti% ,museum4 ,?is 0 pr9t$ by ! ,museum au?orities 9 #ahef1 & fills #ged octavo pages4 ,its editor 0 a highly accompli%$ bibliograph] & book-m]*ant1 born 9 ,v]mont1 b dur+ ! la/ =ty ye>s ( 8 life resid$ 9 ,london1 :]e he devot$ himself to 8 pr(ession ) great le>n+ & assiduity4 ,he publi%$ _m catalogues ( v>i\s /ocks ( books collect$ by him1 "u su* titles z ,biblio!ca hi/orica1 ,biblio!ca ,am]icana1 etc41 9 :i* ! books 7 c>efully describ$1 (t5 ) notes illu/rat+ _! hi/ory or _! value4 ,he became an au?ority ^u r>e books & e>ly editions1 & made a valuable catalogue ( ! ,bibles 9 ! ,caxton exhibition at ,london1 9 #ahgg1 ) bibliographical comm5t>y4 ,he 0 = ye>s *ief purveyor ( ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y = its ,am]ican book pur*ases1 & aid$ ! late ,james ,l5ox 9 build+ up t ri* collection ( ,am]icana & editions ( ! ,scriptures :i* is n[ a "p ( ! ,new ,york ,public ,libr>y4 ,8 catalogue ( ! ,am]ican books 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 ?\gh n[ ov] =ty ye>s old1 & supplant$ by ! full alphabetical catalogue ( t entire libr>y s9ce publi%$1 is a valuable contribution to ,am]ican bibliography4 ,mr4 ,/ev5s 0 "o ( ! mo/ acute & le>n$ bibliograph]s ,i h kn[n4 ,he 0 a man ( m>k$ individuality & indep5d5t views2 ) a spice ( ecc5tricity & humor1 :i* crept into all 8 catalogues1 & made 8 notes highly ent]ta9+ read+4 ,besides 8 s]vices to ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y1 9 build+ up its noble collection ( ,am]icana1 & 9 ^: rooms he labor$ = _m ye>s1 ) ! aid ( ,panizzi & 8 successors1 :om he aid$ 9 return1 ,/ev5s collect$ multitudes ( ! books :i* n[ =m ! *oice treasures ( ! ,l5ox libr>y1 ! ,c>t] ,br[n libr>y1 at ,provid5ce1 ! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 & _m m ,am]ican collections4 ,to g ) him ?r\gh any lot ( ,am]icana1 9 "o ( 8 ent]pris+ visits to ,new ,york1 :]e he sometimes came to m>ket 8 ov]fl[+ /ores pick$ up 9 ,london & on ! cont95t1 0 a r>e treat4 ,e book1 almo/1 br\ght out "s v]bal criticism1 anecdote or rem9isc5ce ( 8 book-hunt+ exp]i5ces1 :i* began 9 ,am]ica1 & ext5d$ all ov] ,europe4 ,he 0 n only an indefatigable collector1 b a mo/ indu/ri\s & accurate bibliograph]1 do+ m "w 9 t field1 probably1 ?an any o!r ,am]ican4 ,he wrote a s+ul>ly c>eful1 ?\gh rapid h&1 z pla9 & cond5s$ z pr9t1 & 9 days be=e mod]n devices = manifold+ writ+ 7 kn[n1 he copi$ out 8 invoices 9 duplicate or triplicate 9 8 own h&1 ) titles 9 full1 & frequ5t descriptive notes atta*$4 ,8 _m catalogues are notable = ! v>i$ le>n+ embodi$4 ,he 0 a mo/ intellig5t & vigilant book collector = m ?an =ty ye>s1 8 e>ly labors embrac+ t[ns 9 ,new ,york & ,new ,engl&1 z purveyor = mat]ial = ,pet] ,=ce1 ( ,wa%+ton1 ^: ,am]ican ,ar*ives 7 !n 9 c\rse ( prep>ation4 ,among ! libr>y collectors :o absorb$ l>ge portions ( 8 ga!r$ treasures1 7 ,james ,l5ox1 ,j>$ ,sp>ks1 ,george ,liv]more1 ,john ,c>t] ,br[n1 ,h5ry ,c4 ,murphy1 ,george ,br9ley1 ! ,am]ican ,geographical ,society1 & _m hi/orical societies4 ,he 0 an au?ority on all ! e>ly voyages1 & wrote mu* ^u !m4 ,no "o knew m ab\t e>ly ,bibles ?an ,h5ry ,/ev5s4 ,8 ent]prise & ambition = success l$ him to bold & sometimes ext5sive pur*ases4 ,he b\ght ab\t #ahfe1 ! libr>y ( ,b>on von ,humboldt1 & ?is & o!r l>ge v5tures emb>rass$ him mu* 9 lat] ye>s4 ,he became ! own] ( ! ,frankl9 manuscripts1 left 9 ,london by ! great man's gr&son1 & collect$ dur+ _m ye>s a libr>y ( ,frankl9iana1 :i* came to ! ,libr>y ( ,congress :5 ! ,frankl9 manuscripts 7 pur*as$ = ! ,/ate ,dep>tm5t 9 #ahha4 ,he 0 pr\d ( 8 c\ntry & 8 ,/ate1 always sign+ himself ,h5ry ,/ev5s1 ( ,v]mont4 ,8 book-plate _h engrav$ b5ea? 8 "n1 ! titles1 ,g4 ,m4 ,b43 ,f4 ,s4 ,a4 ,! la/1 ( c\rse1 designat$ him z ,fell[ ( ! ,society ( ,antiqu>ies ( ,london1 b ! fir/ puzzl$ ev5 8 fri5ds1 until x 0 int]pret$ z signify+ ,gre5 ,m\nta9 ,boy4 ,8 bro!r us$ jocosely to assure me t x really meant ,grubb] ( ,mu/y ,books4 ,z to 8 prices = books1 :ile "s collectors compla9$ ( !m z v /iff1 !y appe>1 :5 comp>$ ) rec5t sales ( ,am]icana1 at auction & 9 sale catalogues1 to be q mod]ate4 ,! late hi/orian ,motley told me t ,mr4 ,/ev5s *>g$ m ?an any "o = ,dut* books relat+ to ,am]ica2 b ,mr4 ,motley's measure ( values 0 gaug$ by ! l[ prices ( ,dut* booksell]s :i* prevail$ dur+ 8 resid5ce 9 ! ,ne!rl&s1 = ye>s be=e ! ke5 dem& f ,am]ica _h r5d]$ ! num]\s ,dut* tracts ( ! ,we/ ,india ,company1 etc41 m sc>ce & ( great] comm]cial value ?an !y bore at ! middle ( ?is c5tury4 ,z treat+ ( books by ,am]ican au?ors1 ?\gh n s mu* a complete bibliography ( _! works1 z a critical hi/ory1 ) specim5s select$ f ea* writ]1 ,duyck9ck's ,cyclopa$ia ( ,am]ican ,lit]ature des]ves special m5tion4 ,! la/ edition appe>$ at ,philadelphia1 9 #ahge1 9 two l>ge qu>to volumes4 ,equally wor?y ( note is ! compilation by ,e4 ,c4 ,/$man & ,ell5 ,m4 ,hut*9son1 9 elev5 volumes1 entitl$ ,libr>y ( ,am]ican ,lit]ature1 ,new ,york1 #ahhg-ij4 ,a mo/ conv5i5t h&-book ( bibliographical ref]5ce is ,osc> ,f4 ,adams's ,diction>y ( ,am]ican ,au?ors1 ,bo/on1 #ahig1 :i* gives 9 a compact duodecimo volume1 ! "n & p]iod ( ne>ly e ,am]ican writ]1 ) a brief li/ ( 8 pr9cipal works1 & _! date ( publication1 9 "o alphabet4 ,( notable catalogues ( books relat+ to ,am]ica1 r ?an ( ,am]ican publications1 %\ld be nam$ ,:ite ,k5net's ,biblio!ca ,am]icana primordia1 ! e>lie/ kn[n catalogue devot$ to ,am]ican bibliography1 ,london1 #agac2 ,o4 ,ri*1 ,catalogue ( ,books relat+ to ,am]ica1 #aejj-agjj1 ,london1 #ahcb2 ,ri*1 ,biblio!ca ,am]icana nova1 books pr9t$ betwe5 #agjj & #ahdd1 two volumes1 ,london1 #ahce-df2 ,h4 ,h>risse1 ,biblio!ca ,am]icana vetu/issima1 ,new ,york1 #ahff1 & its supplem5t1 ,p>is1 #ahgb1 bo? embrac+ r>e e>ly ,am]icana1 publi%$ f #adib to #aeea4 ,?is is a critically edit$ bibliography ( ! r>e/ books conc]n+ ,am]ica t appe>$ 9 ! fir/ half c5tury aft] its discov]y4 ,! important field ( ,am]ican local hi/ory has giv5 bir? to _m bibliographies4 ,! e>lie/ to be not$ is ,h4 ,e4 ,ludewig's ,lit]ature ( ,am]ican ,local ,hi/ory1 ,new ,york1 #ahdf4 ,?irty ye>s lat] came ,f4 ,b4 ,p]k9s's ,*eck ,li/ = ,am]ican ,local ,hi/ory1 ,bo/on1 #ahgf2 foll[$ by ,a4 ,p4 ,c4 ,griff9's ,index ( articles ^u ,am]ican ,local ,hi/ory 9 hi/orical collections1 ,bo/on1 #ahhi1 & by 8 ,index ( ! lit]ature ( ,am]ican local hi/ory 9 collections publi%$ 9 #ahij-ie1 ,bo/on1 #ahif4 ,closely alli$ to ! catalogues ( city1 t[n1 & c\nty hi/ories1 come ! bibliographies ( g5ealogies & family hi/ories1 ( :i* ! la/ or #d? edition ( ,d4 ,s4 ,durrie's ,bibliographia g5ealogica ,am]icana2 an alphabetical index to ,am]ican g5ealogies 9 c\nty & t[n hi/ories1 pr9t$ g5ealogies1 & k9dr$ works1 ,albany1 #ahie1 is ! mo/ compreh5sive & indisp5sable4 ,?is "w gives u an alphabet ( family names1 "u ea* ( :i* are gr\p$ ! titles ( books 9 :i* t special "n is treat$1 ) citation ( ! page4 ,x also gives ! "n & date ( publication ( ! special family g5ealogies :i* are sep>ately pr9t$1 :e!r book or pamphlet1 ) numb] ( pages 9 ea*4 ,! "w is by a libr>ian1 to ^: labori\s dilig5ce ,am]icans are deeply indebt$4 ,among o!r bibliographies ( g5ealogy are ,munsell's ,am]ican ,g5ealogi/3 a catalogue ( family hi/ories1 ,albany1 #ahig4 ,?is "w aims to give ! titles ( all sep>ately pr9t$ ,am]ican g5ealogies1 9 an alphabet ( family names1 giv+ titles 9 full1 ) place & ye> ( publication1 "n ( publi%]1 & collation1 or numb] ( pages4 ,= ! multitud9\s public docum5ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 consult ,b4 ,p4 ,poore's ,descriptive catalogue ( ! gov]nm5t publications ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 #agge-ahha1 ,wa%+ton1 #ahhe1 & ,f4 ,a4 ,cr&all1 ,*eck li/ ( public docum5ts1 debates & proce$+s f #a/ to #ec;d ,congress 7#aghi-ahie71 ,wa%+ton1 #ahie2 also1 ,compreh5sive index to ! publications ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t1 #ahhi-ahic4 ,! same--,unit$ ,/ates ,catalogue ( ,public ,docum5ts1 #ahic to #ahie1 ,wa%+ton1 #ahif4 ,sev]al bi5nial or annual li/s ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,docum5ts h foll[$4 ,z supplem5t+ ^! ext5sive catalogues1 we h 9 ! ,app5dix to ! ,am]ican ,catalogue ( #ahhe a ,li/ ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t publications f #ahhj to #ahhd2 9 t ( #ahia a ,li/ f #ahhd to #ahij2 & 9 t ( #ahif a ,li/ cov]+ ! ye>s #ahia to #ahie4 ,a mo/ important rec5t bibliography is f\nd 9 ,h4 ,c4 ,bolton's ,catalogue ( ,sci5tific & ,te*nical ,p]iodicals1 #affe-ahie1 ,wa%+ton1 #ahig4 ,!re are also _m sale catalogues ( ,am]ican books1 ) prices1 "s ( :i* may be not$1 e4 g4 ,j4 ,r4 ,smi?1 ,biblio!ca ,am]icana1 ,london1 #ahfe2 ,f4 ,mll]1 ,catalogue ( books & pamphlets relat+ to ,am]ica1 ,am/]dam1 #ahgg1 & lat] ye>s4 ,t]naux-,compans1 ,biblio?que ,amrica9e2 books pr9t$ be=e #agjj1 ,p>is1 #ahcg3 ,p4 ,trmel1 ,biblio?que ,amrica9e1 ,leipzig1 #ahfa3 ,d4 ,b4 ,w>d51 ,biblio?que ,amrica9e1 ,p>is1 #ahdj3 ,r4 ,cl>ke ,co41 ,biblio!ca ,am]icana1 ,c9c9nati1 #ahgd1 #ahgh1 #ahhg1 #ahia1 & #ahic4 ,!re are1 besides1 important catalogues ( "s private libr>ies1 devot$ :olly or *iefly to books relat+ to ,am]ica4 ,among ^!1 ! mo/ ext5sive & co/ly is ,john ,r4 ,b>tlett's catalogue ( ! libr>y ( ,j4 ,c>t] ,br[n1 ( ,provid5ce1 9 f\r sumptu\s volumes1 ) fac-similes ( e>ly title-pages1 ( :i* bibliography only fifty copies 7 pr9t$4 ,x is entitl$1 ,biblio!ca ,am]icana3 a catalogue ( books relat+ to ,nor? & ,s\? ,am]ica1 #adhb-ahjj1 #d vols4 l>ge #hvo41 ,provid5ce1 #ahgj-hb4 ,! ,c>t] ,br[n ,libr>y is n[ ! ri*e/ collection ( ,am]icana 9 any private libr>y 9 ! _w4 ,among catalogues ( libr>ies sold by auction1 & compos$ l>gely ( ,am]ican books1 are ^? ( ,john ,a4 ,rice1 ,new ,york1 #ahgj3 ,w4 ,m5zies1 ,new ,york1 #ahge3 ,george ,br9ley1 9 five volumes1 sold #ahgh to #ahhf3 ,h5ry ,c4 ,murphy1 ,new ,york1 #ahhd3 ,s4 ,l4 ,m4 ,b>l[1 ,new ,york1 #ahhi3 & ,brayton ,ives1 ,new ,york1 #ahia4 ,! wide field ( bibliography ( ,engli% lit]ature has giv5 bir? to _m books4 ,only ! m compreh5sive c "h be not$4 ,r4 ,watt's ,biblio!ca ,britannica1 9 f\r qu>to volumes1 ,ed9burgh1 #ahbd1 al?\gh n[ old1 is /ill an indisp5sable "w ( ref]5ce1 giv+ multitudes ( titles ( ,engli% books & pamphlets n f\nd 9 any o!r bibliography4 ,x ( c\rse ab\nds 9 errors1 mo/ ( :i* h be5 copi$ 9 ,allibone's ,diction>y ( ,engli% lit]ature4 ,?is ext5sive "w is a monum5t ( labor1 to :i* ! indu/ri\s compil] devot$ _m ye>s1 dy+ ( too int5se /udy1 at ,glasg[1 at ! e>ly age ( =ty-five1 9 ! ye> #ahai4 ,! issue ( ! "w 9 #ahbd1 be+ ?us po/hum\s1 its errors & omissions are l>gely acc\nt$ = by ! au?or's inability to correct ! press4 ,! plan ( ! "w is unique4 ,vols4 #a & #b conta9 ! alphabet ( au?ors & titles1 ) dates & publi%]s' prices :5 kn[n4 ,vols4 #c & #d conta9 an alphabet ( subjects1 9 :i* ! titles re-appe>1 ) a key alphabet 9 italic lett]s atta*$ to ea* title1 by :i* ref]5ce is made to ! au?or-catalogue1 at a fix$ place1 :]e all ! works ( ! au?or are record$4 ,! "w is pr9t$ 9 small type1 ) two cr[d$ columns on a page1 ?us conta9+ an enorm\s am\nt ( matt]4 ,! key is quickly le>n$1 & by its aid1 & ! alphabet ( subjects1 ! libr>ian c f9d out ! au?ors ( _m anonym\s books4 ,watt is ! only g5]al bibliography ( ,engli% lit]ature :i* gives mo/ ( ! obscure writ]s & _! works4 ,l[ndes' ,bibliograph]'s ,manual ( ,engli% ,lit]ature1 9 its second edition1 enl>g$ by ,h4 ,g4 ,bohn1 is a mo/ indisp5sable bibliography4 ,?is "w is arrang$ alphabetically by au?ors' names1 & aims to record all important books publi%$ 9 ,great ,brita91 f ! e>lie/ times to ab\t ,a4 ,d4 #ahcd4 ,x is 9 elev5 p>ts1 or #f vols4 #af mo4 ( v portable size1 ,lond41 #aheg-fe4 ,:ile x gives collations ( ! m important works1 ) publi%]s & dates1 x fails to record _m editions ( ! same "w4 ,its quot$ prices repres5t ! orig9al publi%]'s price1 ) v frequ5t additions ( ! sale prices obta9$ at book auctions4 ,! *ief defect ( ,l[ndes' ,manual is its total lack ( any index ( subjects4 ,s4 ,au/9 ,allibone's ,critical ,diction>y ( ,engli% lit]ature1 ,philadelphia1 #aheh-ga1 #c volumes1 ) supplem5t by ,john ,f4 ,kirk1 9 #b vols41 ,philadelphia1 #ahia1 is a copi\s ref]5ce book1 :i*1 9 spite ( its _m errors & crudities1 %\ld be 9 all libr>ies4 ,x conta9s 9 abbreviat$ =m mo/ ( ! titles 9 ,watt & ,l[ndes1 ) ! addition ( ,am]ican au?ors1 & ( ,briti% books publi%$ s9ce ! p]iod cov]$ by ,l[ndes4 ,! ?ree volumes ( ,allibone accompany ! titles ( works by not$ au?ors ) _m critical rem>ks1 copi$ mo/ly f reviews & lit]>y j\rnals4 ,?is feature ( ! book1 :i* makes x r a "w ( lit]>y hi/ory & criticism ?an a bibliography pure & simple1 has be5 dropp$ 9 ,mr4 ,kirk's supplem5t1 :i* ?us becomes prop]ly a bibliography4 ,! publications ( ,engl& & ,am]ica1 f ab\t #ahej to #ahij1 are m fully *ronicl$ 9 ?is "w ( ,kirk ?an 9 any o!r bibliography4 ,! important ,engli% ,catalogue ( ,books1 f ,a4 ,d4 #ahce to #ahig1 9 #e vols41 ) its valuable ,index ( ,subjects1 9 #d vols41 f #aheg up to #ahhi1 is s con/antly useful z to be almo/ indisp5sable 9 a public libr>y4 ,x records1 9 provok+ly brief "o-l9e titles1 ) publi%]'s "n1 ye> ( issue1 & price1 all books publi%$ 9 ,great ,brita9 ^: titles c\ld be secur$4 ,x ?us subs]ves ! same purpose = ,engli% publications1 :i* ! ,am]ican ,catalogue fulfills = ^? ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,bo? are 9 effect greatly cond5s$ bibliographies1 enabl+ ! libr>ian to locate mo/ ( ! publi%$ lit]ature 9 ! ,engli% language = _m ye>s back4 ,! ,engli% catalogue1 f #ahig to date1 is supplem5t$ by its annual issues1 entitl$ ! ,engli% ,catalogue ( ,books = #ahih1 etc4 ,i h said t accuracy %\ld be "o ( ! c>d9al aims ( ! libr>ian3 & ?is because 9 t pr(ession x is peculi>ly important4 ,bibliography is a /udy :i* approa*es v ne>ly to ! rank ( an exact sci5ce2 & ! practice ( x1 9 application to ! daily "w ( ! libr>ian1 is at once a s*ool ( accuracy1 & a te/ ( ability4 ,a habit ( analytical me?ods %\ld be assidu\sly cultivat$1 )\t :i* mu* "t w be lo/ 9 fruitless se>*es 9 ! wrong books to f9d :at "o wants4 ,z a s+le illu/ration ( ?is ne$ ( me?od1 suppose t y want to f9d ! title ( a c]ta9 book ) its full description1 a want likely to occur e h\r 9 ! day1 & sometimes _m times an h\r4 ,! book is p]haps ,sir ,walt] ,scott's ,life ( ,napoleon1--#i vols41 ,london1 #ahbg1 & y\r object is to trace its title1 publi%$ price1 etc41 among ! num]\s bibliographies ( lit]ature4 ,y beg9 by a simple act ( analysis--?us4 ,?is is a ,london1 n an ,am]ican book--h5ce x is useless to look 9 any ,am]ican catalogue4 ,x is writt5 9 ,engli%1 s y are disp5s$ f look+ = x 9 any ,fr5* or o!r =eign bibliography4 ,its date is #ahbg1 ,london4 ,!re=e among ! ?ree lead+ ,engli% ref]5ce books 9 bibliography1 :i* are ,watt's ,biblio!ca ,britannica1 ,l[ndes' ,bibliograph]'s ,manual1 & ! ,engli% ,catalogue1 y at once elim9ate ! =m] z n conta9+ ! book4 ,:y d y d ?is8 ,because ,watt's great "w1 9 f\r huge qu>tos1 ?\gh invaluable = ! e>ly ,engli% lit]ature1 /ops ) books publi%$ be=e ! date ( its issue1 #ahbd4 ,y\r book is publi%$ 9 #ahbg1 & ( c\rse c\ld n appe> 9 a catalogue ( #ahbd4 ,%all y ref] !n to ! ,engli% ,catalogue = its title8 ,no1 because ! five volumes ( t useful "w 7?\gh "s imp]fect book li/s 7 publi%$ e>li]71 beg9 ) ! ye> #ahce1 & ! book y seek be>s date ( #ahbg4 ,y are !n r$uc$1 by ?is simple process ( analyz+ 9 y\r m9d ! v>i\s s\rces ( in=mation1 & reject+ all except "o1 namely ,l[ndes' ,bibliograph]'s ,manual1 to a se>* 9 a s+le catalogue = y\r title4 ,?is simplifies matt]s greatly1 & saves all ! "t :i* might o!rwise h be5 lo/ 9 hunt+ fruitlessly ?r\gh sev]al works ( ref]5ce4 ,l[ndes' invaluable ,manual 0 publi%$ 9 #ahcd1 & ?\gh a second edition1 edit$ by ,bohn1 appe>$ ?irty ye>s lat]1 x does n conta9 books publi%$ aft] t date1 unless !y are lat] editions ( works issu$ e>li]4 ,y f9d 9 x y\r ,scott's ,napoleon1 date #ahbg1 ) its publi%$ price1 #d4 #ad4 #f1 & an acc\nt ( o!r lat] editions ( ! book4 ,( c\rse y w obs]ve t x is necess>y to "k :at p]iod ( ye>s is cov]$ by ! v>i\s bibliographies1 & to c>ry ^? dates p]petually 9 y\r memory1 9 ord] ?us to simplify se>*es1 & save "t4 ,once le>n$1 y w h ! com=t ( kn[+ :]e to turn = light ^u any book1 & ! faculty ( accurate memory w rew>d ! pa9s tak5 to acquire x4 ,i mu/ n omit to include1 9 not+ ! m useful & important ,engli% bibliographies1 ! v copi\s li/ ( works app5d$ to ea* biography ( ,briti% writ]s1 9 ! new ,diction>y ( ,national ,biography1 ,lond41 #ahhe-aijj4 ,?is ext5sive "w is ne>ly f9i%$ 9 ab\t #fe volumes1 & con/itutes a ri* !saurus ( in=mation ab\t all ,briti% au?ors1 except liv+ ones4 ,liv+ *>act]s1 consid]$ notable1 & brief note ( _! books1 are record$ 9 ,m5 & ,wom5 ( ! ,"t1 #ae? ed4 ,london1 #ahii--;b ?is book1 al?\gh highly useful1 is f> f be+ a bibliography4 ,i %\ld n omit to m5tion among useful libr>ians' aids1 ! ,book ,prices ,curr5t2 record ( prices at :i* books h be5 sold at auction4 ,?is ,london publication began ) ! ye> #ahhg4 ,no sales are report$ ( books br++ less ?an "o p\nd /]l+4 ,! book-sales ( #ahih 7 report$ 9 #ahii ( ?is issue1 & ! book is publi%$ 9 ea* case ! next ye>4 ,! simil> catalogue entitl$ ,am]ican ,book ,prices ,curr5t 0 begun ) #ahie1 be+ compil$ f ! sale catalogues ( ,am]ican auctione]s1 = t ye>1 & ! prices br\ght at auction 9 ,new ,york1 ,bo/on1 ,philadelphia1 & ,*icago1 are record$ = all notable books1 b limit$ to works br++ z mu* z #c or upw>d4 ,five ye>s' reports1 9 z _m volumes1 h n[ be5 issu$1 & ! publication is to be cont9u$4 ,its utility ( c\rse consi/s 9 in=m+ libr>ians or collectors ( ! mo/ rec5t auction values ( books4 ,at ! same "t1 a ^w ( caution is requir$1 s9ce x is n safe to judge ( av]age comm]cial values1 f any isolat$ bid at an auction sale4 ,a v useful class$ catalogue1 publi%$ by ! ,briti% ,museum libr>y1 & edit$ by ,g4 ,k4 ,=tescue1 an assi/ant libr>ian1 is ! s-call$ ,subject-index to mod]n works1 ( :i* ?ree volumes h appe>$1 beg9n+ ) ! accessions ( #ahhj-he1 ea* cov]+ five ye>s additions ( new works1 9 all ,european languages1 to t libr>y4 ,! ?ird volume embraces ! ye>s #ahij to #ahie1 & appe>$ 9 #ahif4 ,z ?is is n conf9$ to works 9 ,engli%1 x %\ld be class$ ) univ]sal bibliography4 ,z conta9+ mo/ ( ! late/ books ( any note1 all ?ree volumes are important aids to rese>*4 ,!y are pr9t$ 9 l>ge type1 9 :i* x is a refre%m5t to ! eye to read titles1 aft] ! small & obscure pr9t ( ,watt's ,biblio!ca ,britannica1 & ! b little bett] type ( ,l[ndes' ,manual1 & ( ! ,engli% ,catalogue4 ,a collation ( pages is also add$ 9 mo/ cases1 & ! importance ( ?is c h>dly be ov]rat$4 ,^! catalogues ( ! ,briti% ,museum ,libr>y ab\nd 9 pamphlets1 ,engli%1 ,fr5*1 ,g]man1 ,italian1 etc41 ev9c+ h[ l>ge a %>e ( att5tion is giv5 to ! m9or lit]ature com+ f ! press 9 ! m rec5t ye>s4 ,w4 ,h4 ,d4 ,adams's ,diction>y ( ,engli% ,lit]ature1 ,london1 #ahhj1 & lat]1 9 a compact volume1 gives au?ors & titles ( ! m important ,engli% & ,am]ican books4 ,also1 9 ! same alphabet1 an index to ! titles1 z well z au?ors1 by ! fir/ ^w1 & to _m say+s or quotations1 ) _! orig9al s\rces4 ,x is a highly useful book1 al?\gh its small bulk leaves x f> f be+ a compreh5sive "o4 ,*amb]s' ,cyclopa$ia ( ,engli% ,lit]ature1 9 #b vols41 ,london1 #ahgf1 has an acc\nt ( ! mo/ notable ,briti% writ]s1 ) specim5s ( _! works1 & =ms :at may be t]m$ an ess5tial "p ( ! equipm5t ( e public libr>y4 ,! ,libr>y ,association ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom1 s9ce #ahhh1 ! date ( its organization1 has publi%$ ,transactions & ,proce$+s2 also1 s9ce #ahhi1 ,! ,libr>y1 a p]iodical ) bibliographical in=mation4 ,x may be not$1 )\t undue expression ( pride1 t ,am]ica fir/ set ! example ( an organiz$ national association ( ,libr>ians 7f\nd$ 9 #ahgf7 foll[$ ! same ye> by a j\rnal devot$ to ,libr>y int]e/s4 ,t extremely useful p]iodical1 ! ,libr>y ,j\rnal1 is n[ 9 its tw5ty-f\r? volume4 ,its successive issues h conta9$ li/s ( ne>ly all new bibliographical works & catalogues publi%$1 9 :atev] language4 ,! ,london ,publi%]'s ,circul>1 fir/ e/abli%$ 9 #ahch1 is a weekly organ ( ! book-publi%+ trade1 aim+ to record ! titles ( all ,briti% publications z !y appe> f ! press4 ,x gives1 9 an alphabet by au?ors' names1 ! titles 9 mu* abbreviat$ =m1 ) publi%]1 size 9 in*es1 collation1 price1 & date1 ) a fairly good index ( titles or subjects1 9 ! same alphabet4 ,cov]+ mu* ! same gr\nd1 z a publi%]s' p]iodical1 is ,! ,booksell]1 issu$ mon?ly s9ce #aheh1 ) li/s ( ! new issues ( ! ,briti% press1 & critical notices4 ,9 addition to ! ,engli% catalogue1 !re is ! ext5sive ,:itak]'s ,ref]5ce catalogue ( curr5t lit]ature1 publi%$ e ye>1 :i* n[ makes two l>ge volumes1 & embraces ! trade catalogues ( ,engli% publi%]s1 b\nd up 9 alphabetical ord]1 ) a copi\s index1 by au?ors & titles1 9 "o alphabet1 prefix$4 ,:ile on ,engli% bibliographies1 ,i mu/ note ! important "w on local hi/ory1 by ,j4 ,p4 ,&]son1 ,book ( ,briti% ,topography1 ,london1 #ahha4 ,?is gives1 9 an alphabet ( c\nties1 titles ( all c\nty hi/ories or descriptive works ( ,engl&1 ,scotl&1 ,irel&1 & ,wales1 foll[$ 9 ea* c\nty by a li/ ( t[n hi/ories or topographical works4 ,! arrangem5t "u ea* t[n is *ronological4 ,its only want is a collation ( ! books4 ,briti% g5ealogy1 or ! hi/ory ( families1 is treat$ bibliographically 9 ,g4 ,w4 ,m>%all's ,! ,g5ealogi/'s ,guide1 ,london1 #ahic1 :i* gives an alphabet ( family names1 ) ref]5ces 9 great detail to c\nty & t[n hi/ories1 p$igrees1 h]alds' visitations1 g5ealogies1 etc41 all ov] ,great ,brita91 9 :i* any family is treat$4 ,! wide field ( =eign bibliography1 by c\ntries1 _c "h be ent]$ ^u1 nor c ,i n[ treat ( ! /ill m ext5sive range ( works devot$ to ! bibliography ( v>i\s subjects4 ,,index4 ,access to %elves1 #bae-bbe ,accuracy1 r>ity (1 #bed-beg ,adams 7,o4 ,f47 ,diction>y ( ,am]ican au?ors1 #dij ,adams 7,w4 ,h4 ,d47 ,diction>y ( ,engli% lit]ature1 #dii ,adm9i/ration1 faculty (1 #bdi ,adv]tis+1 libr>y1 #cec-cef ,aids to read]s1 #aij-bad ,alex&rian libr>y1 #ajg1 #bhi ,allibone 7,s4 ,a47 ,critical diction>y ( ,engli% lit]ature1 #did-die ,alphabet+ titles1 #chj1 #chh-chi ,am]ican book prices1 curr5t1 #ahie-ii1 #dih ,am]ican catalogue1 #ahgf-ahii1 #dha-dhd ,am]ican ,libr>y ,association catalogue ( #e1jjj books1 #be1 #cga f\ndation (1 #dii li/ ( noveli/s1 #bb on op5 %elves1 #bbc on size-notation1 #cij ,am]icana1 bibliographies (1 #dgb-dic r>e1 #ded-def :at are1 #dgc ,&]son 7,j4 ,p47 book ( ,briti% topography1 #ejj ,arabic figures1 #ha ,art ( read+1 #aga-ahi ,art1 lesson f1 #bd ,assi/ants 9 libr>ies appo9tm5t (1 #ccg-cci qualifications (1 #bdb-bgd regulations =1 #cda-cde ,a/or libr>y1 ,n4 ,y41 #ce1 #cjf mutilation 91 #acg1 #adj ,auction sales1 #ch-dj1 #de-dg1 #deg ,au?or%ip1 #bga-b ,bad books1 #bj-bd1 #bha-b ,b>tlett 7,j4 ,r47 catalogue ( ,j4 ,c>t] ,br[n libr>y1 #dic ,bay ,psalm book1 #dee ,beck=d libr>y sale1 #gd1 #deg-h ,bee*] 7,h4 ,w47 on books1 #ae ,bibliography1 #dei-ejj accessibility (1 #dfc-dfd bibliographies (1 #dfi-dga classification (1 #dfd-e def9ition (1 #dei e>lie/ ,am]ican1 #dgh e>ly works 91 #dfe no full ,am]ican1 #dge ( ,am]ican publications1 #dgb-dic selection ( works 91 #dfb ,b9d+ ( books1 #ej-hg1 #ic-id colors 91 #eg desid]ata 91 #eb h[ a bibliomaniac b9ds1 #dcb importance (1 #hg lett]+ titles1 #gb1 #gh-hc ma*9e me?ods1 #fb-c m>bl+ & gild+1 #fh-fi1 #gc mat]ials =1 #ec reb9d+ me?ods1 #fd ,biography1 #d-g1 #ag discrepancies 91 #baj-bab liv+ *>act]s1 #aig ,blake 7,a4 ,v47 ,am]ican booksell]s' trade-li/ catalogue1 #dgi ,boccaccio ( #adga1 sale (1 #df ,bolton 7,h4 ,c47 catalogue ( sci5tific & te*nical p]iodicals1 #dib ,book b9d+1 #ej-hg1 #ic-id ,book buy+1 #cc-di ,book cov]+1 #ig ,book-m>ks1 #aae ,book plates1 #ij-ic1 #ig-ajj ,book prices curr5t1 #ahhg-ii1 #dig-dih ,am]ican1 #ahie-ii1 #dih ,book %ops1 second h&1 #db-de1 #deh ,book supports1 #if1 #aaj ,book worms1 #ajh ,books1 *eap & poor editions (1 #cj ,books1 *oice (1 #c-cb ,books = public libr>ies1 selection (1 #ae-cb1 #cfa ,books ( ref]5ce1 #af1 #dfb-dfc ,books1 ?ree classes (1 #ahb ,books :i* h help$ me1 #ahc ,books1--see ,read+ ,bores1 h[ to treat1 #bei ,bo/on ,a!naeum libr>y1 #cje1 #dhe e>ly pamphlets 91 #adi ,bo/on public libr>y1 #cae appo9tm5ts 91 #cch languages dem&$1 #bdg ,b[k] 7,r4 ,r47 ,am]ican catalogue1 #dhb-dhc ,publi%]s' weekly1 #dhc ,briti% ,museum libr>y appo9tm5ts 91 #cch catalogue (1 #cif-cii1 #dih its defects1 #cih classification1 #cfg mutilation 91 #acg-ach tru/ees (1 #cdj ,br[n 7,j4 ,c>t]7 libr>y ( ,am]icana1 #dic ,brunet 7,j4 ,c47 ,manuel du libraire1 #dfg ,bry 7,de7 ,voyages1 #ddi1 #dea ,build+s1 libr>y1 #cba-ccc co/ (1 #cca light 91 #cbe location (1 #cbc-cbd _m mi/akes 91 #cba mat]ials =1 #cbd p]iodical room1 #cbh %elv+1 #cbe ,bulw]-,lytton 7,e4 ,l47 writ+s (1 #bc1 #agd ,burnham 7,t4 ,o4 ,h4 ,p471 #dd ,bury1 ,ri*>d de1 #bib ,buy+ ( books1 #cc-di me?ods (1 #cf-cg ,calf b9d+1 #ee ,campbell 7,john71 #de ,capitals1 h[ to be us$ 9 catalogues1 #cgh1 #chg ,c>d catalogue sy/em1 #cic its defects1 #cic-cid h[ obviat$1 #cid-cif ,c>ds1 = catalogues1 #cic ,c>lyle 7,?omas7 life ( ,cromwell1 #adh on libr>ians1 #bdi on read+1 #aga ,c>negie 7,&rew7 gifts to libr>ies1 #cae ,catalogue ( all books pr9t$ 9 ! ,u4 ,s4 #ahjd1 #dgh-dgi ,catalogues1 #cgc-cii abridg+ titles1 #chb-chc accession1 #chf auction1 #ch-ci c>d sy/em =1 #cic *ronology ( au?ors1 #cha1 #chi1 #cih class$1 #cgd-e1 #chc collations 91 #cgi cross ref]5ces1 #cgg ,cutt]'s rules =1 #cge defici5cies ( ,am]ican1 #dgc-dgf diction>y1 #cgc-e1 #chc-chd ,engli%1 #chc1 #die errors 91 #chd-che1 #chh impr9ts1 h[ giv51 #cgi k9ds (1 #cgc ( ,briti% ,museum libr>y1 #cif-cii1 #dih pr9t+1 advantages (1 #cie-cif rules =1 #cge-cha sale1 value (1 #cc-cd1 #cg %elf1 #chf size-notation 91 #chi-cia use ( capitals 91 #cgh1 #chg ,caxton's press1 books1 #dea ,c5sus ( weal?1 futility (1 #aid-aif ,*amb]s' ,cyclopa$ia ( ,engli% lit]ature1 #dii ,*ildr5's books1 #bgf1 #bgh read+-rooms1 #cbi-ccj ,*oice ( books1 #c-cb1 #bgg1 #cce ,*ronology ( au?ors1 #cha1 #cih ,classic au?ors1 #cj ,classification ( books1 #cfb-cgb application (1 #cff ,biblio?que nationale1 sy/em (1 #cfh ,briti% museum1 sy/em (1 #cfh ,brunet's sy/em (1 #cfg close classification1 #cfd-cfe conflict ( sy/ems1 #cfb-cfc ,crund5's v]ses on1 #dcj ,cutt]1 sy/em (1 #cfi ,dewey1 sy/em (1 #cgj ,flet*]1 sy/em (1 #cgb fix$ %elf location1 #cga ,libr>y ( ,congress1 sy/em (1 #cfh ,clean+ books1 #ajc-ajd1 #abg-acj ,cl]gym51 "s book-abus+1 #ach1 #adj ,clevel& public libr>y fiction exp]i5ce1 #bg me?ods ( selections1 #ca ,cogswell 7,j4 ,g471 #ce ,collation1 #fa1 #cgi ,colli]1 ,j4 ,payne1 z a catalogu]1 #che ,congressional libr>y--see ,libr>y ( ,congress ,copy tax1 orig9 (1 #djj rationale (1 #djf1 #dji ,copyright & libr>ies1 #djj-daf aggregate copyrights ent]$1 #daj & ,libr>y ( ,congress1 #djd-daa books n ent]$1 #dgd duration (1 #dac f\ndation (1 #djb1 #dab hi/ory (1 #djc 9 ! 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"w betrays acute philosophical insight1 a r>e p[] ( hi/orical rese>*1 & a cultivat$ lit]>y habit1 :i* 0 p]haps no less ess5tial ?an ! two =m] conditions1 to its successful accompli%m5t4 ,! /yle ( ! au?or is m>k$ by vigor1 orig9ality1 compreh5siv5ess1 & a curi\s in/9ct 9 ! selection ( words4 ,9 ?is latt] respect1 ?\gh n 9 ! m\ld+ ( s5t5ces1 ! read] may p]haps be rem9d$ ( ! *oice & fragrant vocabul>y ( ,wa%+ton ,irv+1 ^: words alone (t5 leave an exquisite odor l ! p]fume ( sweet-bri] & arbutus4--,,george ,,ripley1 9 ,! ,tribune4 ,,! ,,lit]>y ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,am]ican ,,revolution #agfc-aghc ,two volumes1 l>ge octavo4 ,sold sep>ately4 ,volume ,i4--#agfc-aggf4 ,volume ,,ii4--#aggf-aghc4 ,ea* #c4jj4 ,?is "w is ! result ( an altoge!r new & orig9al treatm5t ( ! ,am]ican ,revolution4 ,! outw>d hi/ory ( t p]iod has be5 _m times writt51 & is n[1 by a new s*ool ( ,am]ican hi/orians1 be+ fre%ly re-writt5 9 ! light ( l>g] evid5ce1 & aft] a m dis9t]e/$ & judicial me?od4 ,9 ! pres5t "w1 = ! fir/ "t 9 a sy/ematic & complete way1 is set =? ! inw>d hi/ory ( our ,revolution1--! hi/ory ( its ideas1 its spiritual moods1 its passions1 z ^! utt]$ !mselves at ! "t 9 ! writ+s ( ! two p>ties ( ,am]icans :o ei!r promot$ or resi/$ t great movem5t4 ,,?ree ,,m5 ,,( ,,lett]s ,*apt]s 9 ,lit]>y ,biography & ,criticism devot$ to ,george ,b]keley1 ,timo?y ,dwight1 & ,joel ,b>l[4 #ab1 gilt top1 #a4be4 ,?\gh m l5g?y ?an mo/ ( ! sket*es 9 ,pr(essor ,tyl]'s well-kn[n ',hi/ory1' ^! monographs h mu* ( ! brevity ( _! orig9al purpose2 & !y are m>k$ by ! same picturesqu5ess ( treatm5t1 ! same vivacity ( expression1 & ! same felicity ( /atem5t1 t *>act]ize ! au?or's l>g] volumes4--,! ,nation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,g4 ,p4 ,,putnam',s ,,sons1 ,,new ,,york ,,& ,,london4 ,,language4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,"s ,,common ,,errors ,,( ,,spee*4 ,sugge/ions = ! ,avoid+ ( ,c]ta9 ,classes ( ,errors1 toge!r ) ,examples ( ,bad & ( ,good ,usage4 ,by ,,alfr$ ,g4 ,,compton1 ,pr(essor 9 ,college ( ! ,city ( ,new ,york4 #ab 4#ge ,! book calls up _m int]e/+1 n to say fasc9at+1 lapses f /rict gramm>1 & is v valuable4 ,9 its index expurgatorius w be f\nd _m surprises by ! self-suppos$ le>n$4--,*icago ,times-,h]ald4 ,a ,,simple ,,gramm> ,,( ,,engli% ,,n[ ,,9 ,,use4 ,by ,,john ,,e>le1 ,a4,m41 ,,ll4,d41 ,pr(essor ( ,anglo-,saxon1 ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d1 au?or ( ,engli% ,prose3 ,its ,elem5ts1 ,hi/ory1 & ,usage4 #ab #a4ej ,! book is a cle>1 c>eful1 & s*ol>ly treatise on ! ,engli% ,language & its use1 r ?an a "w ( sci5ce4 ,x is a book t w be valuable to tea*]s & to /ud5ts ( language ev]y:]e4--,wa%+ton ,times4 ,,! ,,engli% ,,language ,,& ,,engli% ,,gramm>4 ,an ,hi/orical ,/udy ( ! ,s\rces1 ,developm5t1 & ,analogies ( ! ,language1 & ( ! ,pr9ciples ,cov]+ its ,usages4 ,illu/rat$ by ,copi\s ,examples by ,writ]s ( all ,p]iods4 ,by ,,samuel ,,ramsey4 #h #b4jj ,mr4 ,ramsey's "w w appeal especially to ^? t desire to "k some?+ m ab\t ! hi/ory & philology1 ! gr[? & mi/akes ( _! native tongue ?an is giv5 9 ! ord9>y text-books4--,baltimore ,sun4 ,,or?ometry4 ,a ,treatise on ! ,art ( ,v]sification & ! ,te*nicalities ( ,poetry1 ) a ,new & ,complete ,rhym+ ,diction>y4 ,by ,r4 ,f4 ,,brew]1 ,b4,a4 #ab1 pp4 xv4 #cgf #b4jj ,x is a good book = its purpose1 lucid1 compact1 & well arrang$4 ,x lays b>e1 we believe1 ! complete anatomy ( poetry4 ,x af=ds int]e/+ quotations1 9 ! way ( example1 & int]e/+ comm5ts by di/+ui%$ critics ^u c]ta9 passages f ! di/+ui%$ poets4--,n4 ,y4 ,sun4 ,,manual ,,( ,,l+ui/ics4 ,an ,acc\nt ( ,g5]al & ,engli% ,phonology4 ,by ,,john ,,cl>k1 ,a4,m4 #h1 pp4 lxiii4 #cad #b4jj ,mr4 ,cl>k has trac$ ! ,engli% language back to its f\ndations 9 8 "w ',manual ( ,l+ui/ics4' ,x is an int]e/+ !me1 & 8 book w prove v useful = ref]5ce1 = he has cull$ f _m s\rces & gone ov] a wide t]ritory4--,detroit ,free ,press4 ,,composition ,,9 ,,! ,,s*ool-,,room4 ,a ,practical ,treatise4 ,by ,e4 ,,galbrai?4 #af1 clo? #a4jj ,! au?or has drawn fully f ! be/ writ]s on ! subject1 & h] book is an epitome ( ! be/ ?\ght ( all4--,bo/on ,transcript4 99 99 99 99 99 ,g4 ,p4 ,,putnam',s ,,sons1 ,,new ,,york ,,& ,,london4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 #a4 ,punctuation = abbreviations su* z p] c5t41 viz4 has be5 /&>dis$4 #b4 ,!re are spell+ inconsi/5cies 9 prop] & place names z well z )9 acc5t$ *>act]s & hyph5at$ words4 ,^! h be5 left z pr9t$4 #c4 ,obvi\s punctuation errors h be5 correct$4 #d4 ,! rema9+ corrections are3 ,page #cf1 ,ed9burg *ang$ to ,ed9burgh ,page #aec1 faciliate *ang$ to facilitate ,page #bjb1 conspici\sly *ang$ to conspicu\sly ,page #beh1 responsibile *ang$ to responsible ,page #bfi1 rease>*es *ang$ to rese>*es ,page #cdb1 adm9/ration *ang$ to adm9i/ration ,page #cib1 sub/ract+ *ang$ to subtract+ ,page #cic1 univ]al *ang$ to univ]sal ,page #djd1 ieft *ang$ to left ,page #dda1 pys*ology *ang$ to psy*ology ,page #deb1 polittics *ang$ to politics ,page #deg1 at *ang$ to z ,page #dgj1 ,?us *ang$ to ,?is ,page #dga1 vocabul>ly *ang$ to vocabul>y ,page #dgh1 ,columbiau *ang$ to ,columbian ,page #dha1 approxmiately *ang$ to approximately ,page #dij1 guag$ *ang$ to gaug$ ,page #dij1 ,duyck9cks *ang$ to ,duyck9ck's ,page #dic1 ,meuzies *ang$ to ,m5zies ,page #did1 ,i *ang$ to #a ,page #dig1 pubi%$ *ang$ to publi%$ ,page #ejd1 ,allgeme9as *ang$ to ,allgeme9es