,,*ildr5 ,,& ,,_!         ,,books       
,,by         ,,james ,,hosm] ,,p5niman1 
,,litt4 ,d4  ,illu/ration3 ,s*ool       
,bullet9 ,publications emblem           
,,syracuse1 ,n4 ,y4         ,c4 ,w4     
,,b>de51 ,,publi%]     ,copyright1      
#aiba1 by ,c4 ,w4 ,,b>de5     ,,*ildr5  
,,& ,,_! ,,books   ,! mo/ vital         
educational problem w always be h[ to   
make ! be/ use ( ! *ild's e>li] ye>s1 n 
only = ! reason t 9 !m _m receive _!    
entire s*ool tra9+1 b also because1 :ile
 ! p[] ( ! *ild to le>n increases ) age1
 8 susceptibility to =mative influ5ces  
dim9i%es1 & s rapid is ! work+ ( ?is law
 t ,presid5t ,eliot ?9ks t      !       
temp]am5t1 physical con/itution1 m5tal  
aptitudes1 & moral quality ( a boy are  
all well     det]m9$ by ! "t he is #ah  
ye>s old4  ,great wa/e ( ! *ild's "t &  
m5tal en]gy 9 ! preci\s e>ly ye>s is    
caus$ by disreg>d ( ! way 9 :i* 8 m9d   
unfolds4 ,n only are *ildr5 set at "w = 
:i* !y are n yet fitt$1 b frequ5tly !y  
are kept at occupations :i* are f> bel[ 

:at !y might pr(itably engage 94 ,! *ild
 %\ld be guid$1 n driv52 to =ce 8 m9d is
 an educational crime4 ,long cont9u$    
att5tion & conc5tration are injuri\s1 b 
by us+ tact a great deal may be         
accompli%$ )\t /ra94  ,at fir/ ! aim    
%\ld be n s mu* to fill ! m9d ) k z to  
develop ! p[]s z !y are ready = x1 & to 
cultivate ! ability to use !m4 ,!       
pla/icity ( ! *ild's m9d is su* t a new 
impression may be eras$ quickly by a    
new] "o2 8 "* receives a decid$ b5t only
 ?r\gh repeat$ impressions ( ! same k9d4
 ,! imag9ative faculty is "o ( ! e>lie/ 
to appe>1 & a weakness ( our educational
 sy/ems is ! failure to realize its     
importance & to pay suffici5t att5tion  
to its developm5t4 ,x is well kn[n t    
imag9ation is ! creative p[] ( ! m9d :i*
 gives life to all "w1 s t )\t x ,newton
 w\ld nev] h f\nd ! law ( gravitation1  
nor ,columbus h discov]$ ,am]ica4 ,! _w 
( make-believe is fill$ ) delight = !   
small *ild4 ,he loves /ories ( imag9>y  
adv5ture t he c act out 9 8 play1       

,n[ ) my little gun ,i crawl            
,all 9 ! d>k along ! wall1         ,&   
foll[ r\nd ! =e/ track         ,away    
beh9d ! s(a back4         ,i see ! o!rs 
f> away1         ,z if 9 fire-lit camp  
!y lay2         ,& ,i1 l to an ,indian  
sc\t1         ,ar\nd _! p>ty pr[l$ ab\t4
  ,cultivate 8 imag9ation by help+ !    
*ild to image :at he has read4 ,let u   
play t we are sail+ ) ,columbus 9 a     
little %ip ov] ! great gre5 ocean4 ,:5  
we look f> (f f ! top ( a wave we see   
no?+ b sky & :ite-capp$ wat]2 all ar\nd 
u are angry faces & angry waves4  ,x is 
easy to "w on ! emotions ( a little *ild
 & ?\ghtless p]sons may f9d x amus+ b x 
is a s]i\s matt]1 = x has an injuri\s   
effect ^u 8 n]ves4 ,gho/ /ories & books 
:i* inspire fe> ( ! sup]natural (t5 d   
mu* h>m to imag9ative *ildr54  ,!       
b\ndless curiosity ( ! *ild may be ar\s$
 & /imulat$ s t he gets to "k himself & 
! _w ab\t him 9 a way t furni%es him )  
con/ant & delightful employm5t4 ,! gr[? 
( 8 m9d is rapid & heal?ful1 because he 

is rea*+ out to compreh5d & v]ify &     
apply to 8 own purposes ! k t he d]ives 
f books & t :i* he obta9s f obs]vation4 
,x is n easy to realize ! ignorance (   
*ildr54 ,dr4 ,g4 ,/anley ,hall f\nd by  
exp]im5ts ) a l>ge numb] ( six-ye>-olds 
9 ,bo/on1 t #ee p]c5t did n "k t wood5  
?+s are made f trees4 ,! _w is /range to
 !m2 !y mu/ grope _! way1 !y are        
attract$ by ! bright1 ! fla%y1 !        
s5sational1 & _! ta/es w develop 9 ^!   
directions unless !y are taught bett]4  
,gr[n-ups e/imate 9 t]ms ( previ\s      
exp]i5ce2 ! *ild has _h little previ\s  
exp]i5ce to :i* to ref]4 ,edw>d ,?r+    
says3  ,! empt9ess ( a "y boy's m9d is  
(t5 n tak5 into acc\nt1 at lea/ empt9ess
 s f> z all k 9 x be+ ( a fragm5t>y &   
piecemeal description1 no?+ complete4 ,x
 may well happ5 t an intellig5t boy %all
 be unable to und]/& a seem+ly simple   
?+1 because "s bit ( k :i* 8 in/ructor  
takes x = grant$ he possesses1 &        
probably ?9ks in/9ctive1 is want+ to    
fill up ! :ole4  ,to imp>t ! desire = k 

& ! p[] ( gett+ x is next to "*-build+ !
 mo/ important "w ( ! s*ool4 ,enc\rage  
self-activity to ! fulle/ ext5t4 ,:5 !  
*ild asks a "q be c>eful n to put him (f
 or disc\rage him1 b if x is possible to
 %[ him h[ to f9d ! answ] = himself d s1
 ev5 at ! exp5se ( consid]able "t &     
tr\ble4 ,aid t qu5*es curiosity ret>ds  
m5tal gr[?4 ,_m *ildr5 ask que/ions     
m]ely = ! sake ( talk+1 & =get ! "q be=e
 !y h he>d ! answ]4 ,z ! *ild gradually 
becomes able to use !m %[ him h[ to     
employ books z tools4 ,keep ref]5ce     
books on l[ %elves or tables 9 conv5i5t 
places1 :]e x is easy to get at !m4 ,%[ 
! *ild t ! diction>y1 ! atlas1 & !      
encyclopa$ia conta9 /ores ( k accumulat$
 by ! "w ( _m s*ol>s = _m ye>s &        
labori\sly classifi$ & arrang$ = !      
b5efit ( seek]s aft] in=mation4 ,%[ him 
h[ to inve/igate a subject "u sev]al    
diff]5t titles & h[ to get :at he ne$s f
 a book by ! use ( ! table ( cont5ts1   
index1 & runn+ head l9es1 & h[ to use   
c>d catalogues & ,poole's ,index4 ,help 

him to look up on ! map ! places he     
reads ab\t4 ,expla9 ! scale ( miles &   
tea* him to use 8 imag9ation 9 mak+ !   
map real2 %[ him t ! dots repres5t t[ns 
& cities ) *ur*es1 p>ks1 & trolley c>s1 
& t ! wav+ l9es are riv]s on :i* are    
/eam boats c>ry+ ! productions ( "o     
section to ano!r4  ,z he gr[s old] tea* 
him to draw 8 own conclusions f         
conflict+ /atem5ts & to pres]ve ! happy 
m$ium betwe5 respect = ! au?ority (     
books & confid5ce 9 8 own obs]vation4   
,mo/ boys & girls d n obs]ve & !y d n   
?9k2 !y h no op9ions except ^? made = !m
 by o!rs4 ,we are too apt to cultivate !
 memory & to neglect obs]vation1        
imag9ation1 & judgm5t4 ,! result is a   
wood5 type ( m9d :i* has too great      
respect = pr9t$ matt] & little          
initiative 9 accurate obs]vation & 9 us+
 ! imag9ation & ! judgm5t 9 mak+ :at has
 be5 obs]v$ & read practically useful4  
,enc\rage ! *ild to talk ab\t :at he    
reads 9 a natural way1 b d n all[ him to
 become a prig by say+ :at he supposes y

 w\ld l to h him r ?an :at he really    
?9ks4  ,d n be too eag] to /amp y\r     
individuality ^u ! *ild2 he has a "r to 
8 own4 ,f9d out :at 8 ta/es &           
incl9ations are & develop him ?r\gh !m4 
,asc]ta9 :at he is really int]e/$ 92 v  
(t5 x is some?+ q diff]5t f :at y       
suppose4 ,8 po9t ( view is diff]5t f    
y\rs4 ,translate :at y wi% him to be    
int]e/$ 9 into t]ms ( 8 own life &      
exp]i5ce4 ,success 9 education comes to 
a great ext5t f skill 9 e/abli%+        
relations betwe5 :at ! *ild already kn[s
 & t :i* y wi% him to acquire4  ,no "p (
 education has m to d ) "*-build+ ?an ! 
inculcat+ ( a love ( good lit]ature4 ,s4
 ,s4 ,laurie calls lit]ature ! mo/ pot5t
 ( all in/rum5ts 9 ! h&s ( ! educator1  
:e!r we h reg>d to intellectual gr[? or 
to ! moral & religi\s life4 ,x is easy1 
he says1 if only y set ab\t x 9 ! "r    
way1 to engage ! he>t ( a *ild1 up to ! 
age ( elev5 or twelve1 on ! side (      
k9dl9ess1 g5]osity1 self-sacrifice2 & to
 fill him1 if n ) ideals ( greatness &  

goodness1 at lea/ ) ! feel+s or emotions
 :i* ent] into ^! ideals4 ,y ?us lay a  
basis 9 feel+ & emotion on :i* may be   
built a truly manly "* at a lat]        
p]iod--)\t su* a basis y c accompli%    
no?+ e?ical1 n[ or at any future "t4 ,b 
:5 ! recipi5t /age is pa/1 & boys beg9  
to ass]t !mselves1 !y h a t5d5cy to     
resi/1 if n to res5t1 pr(ess$ly moral & 
religi\s tea*+2 & ?is *iefly because x  
!n comes to !m or is pres5t$ to !m 9 !  
%ape ( ab/ract precept & au?oritative   
dogma4 ,n[1 ! gr[+ m9d ( y\? is ke5 aft]
 realities1 & has no native antagonism  
to realities m]ely because !y happ5 to  
be moral or religi\s realities4 ,x is ! 
ab/ract1 preceptive1 & b>r5 =m1 & !     
presumptu\s mann] 9 :i* ^! are pres5t$ t
 !y dete/4 ,h[1 !n1 at ?is critical age 
to pres5t ! mo/ vital ( all ! elem5ts ( 
education1 is a supremely important     
problem4 ,x is my conviction t y c only 
d s ?r\gh lit]ature2 & ! ,new ,te/am5t  
itself might well be read simply z      
lit]ature4 ,! words1 ! phrases1 ! ideals

 :i* lit]ature (f]s s lavi%ly1          
unconsci\sly /ir ! m9d to l(ty motives &
 ! true p]ception ( ! mean+ ( life4 ,we 
mu/ n1 ( c\rse1 commit ! fatal blund] ( 
mak+ a didactic lesson out ( :at is     
read4 ,we take c>e t x is und]/ood &    
illu/rat$1 & !n leave x to h its own    
effect4  ,*ildr5 behave bett] :5 _! m9ds
 are occupi$2 an int]e/ 9 lit]ature has 
prov$ 9 num]\s in/ances to be an aid to 
discipl9e 9 ! s*oolroom4 ,x is sad to   
?9k h[ little t is ref9+ & elevat+ comes
 into ! lives ( _m *ildr54 ,! attitude (
 ! av]age s*ool boy t[>d life is %[n by 
! fact t he ref]s to any /rang] z a guy4
 ,! r\gh horse play ( ! movies fills su*
 a boy ) exquisite delight4 ,to see on !
 scre5 a man h a lot ( d\gh slapp$ 9 8  
face is ! highe/ =m ( humor4 ,8 m9d is  
active b x has no suitable n\ri%m5t4    
,:at is ne$$ is to direct x4 ,presid5t  
,angell has told u h[ boys 7 inspir$ by 
t great tea*] ,alice ,freeman ,palm]3   
,i att5d$ a class 9 ,engli% ,lit]ature  
:i* %e 0 tea*+4 ,! class 0 compos$ (    

boys f fifte5 to eighte5 ye>s ( age1 9  
:om "o w\ld p]haps h>dly expect mu*     
en?usiasm = ! great ma/]s ( ,engli%     
,lit]ature4 ,b x 0 soon app>5t t %e _h  
^? boys completely "u h] control &      
l>gely fill$ ) h] own en?usiasm4 ,!y %[$
 t at _! homes !y _h be5 c>efully &     
lov+ly read+ "s ( ! great ma/]pieces & 7
 ready to discuss !m ) intellig5ce &    
ze/4  ,m9d gr[s1 says ,c>lyle1 l a      
_s--?\ght k9dl+ itself at ! fire ( liv+ 
?\ght4  ,to keep ! he>t op5 to elevat+  
influ5ces1 to enjoy really beautiful    
?+s1 to take a dignifi$ & noble view (  
life1 ^! are ! results t mu/ foll[      
association ) ! be/ ?\ghts ( ! be/ m9ds1
 :i* is lit]ature4 ,& x is "o ( ! wond]s
 ( lit]ature t "s ( ! be/ ( x is adapt$ 
to e ord] ( intellig5ce4 ,:5 "o gets    
old] 8 m5tal field wid5s1 he _c !n read 
all ! be/1 he mu/ *oose2 b ! classic    
books = *ildr5 are n s num]\s t ! *ild  
may n read & r]ead !m4  ,cultivation ( !
 lit]>y ta/e ( ! *ild may beg9 z soon z 
he c talk4 ,he w e>ly take an int]e/ 9  

simple /ories & poems & soon] ?an _m    
suppose1 he may be taught to read ^? :i*
 he has already le>n$ by he>t4 ,f !     
beg9n+ read+ %\ld be easy & int]e/+4 ,! 
*ild %\ld look =w>d to x ) pleasure4 ,he
 loves /ories1 let him see t ! be/ ( !m 
are 9 books told by bett] /ory tell]s   
?an he c f9d else:]e4 ,help ! *ild to   
appreciate ! book1 to take an intellig5t
 int]e/ 9 x1 & gradually lead him up to 
t love ( ! be/ :i* is ! f\ndation (     
culture4 ,d n ?9k t he c see all !re is 
to enjoy at ! fir/ read+2 a book is     
classic because x may be read ov] & ov] 
& always %[ some?+ t 0 n se5 be=e4 ,!re 
is a di/9ction :i* tea*]s & p>5ts d n   
always recognize betwe5 books1 :i* are  
beyond ! *ild m]ely because ( ! h>d     
words 9 :i* ! idea is clo!d & ^? 9 :i* !
 ?\ght itself is above 8 compreh5sion4  
,*ildr5 possess an une/imat$ s5sibility 
to :atev] is deep or high 9 imag9ation  
or feel+ s long z x is simple likewise4 
,x is only ! artificial & ! complex t   
bewild] !m1 said ,haw?orne1 & because ( 

8 k ( ?is fact he wrote 8 exquisite     
classics = *ildr54 ,! phraseology (     
books is frequ5tly diff]5t f t to :i* ! 
*ild is accu/om$4 ,he mu/ be taught to  
und]/& ?\ght z express$ 9 pr9t$ words1 8
 vocabul>y is limit$2 9 read+ al\d he w 
(t5 pron\nce words correctly )\t any    
idea ( :at !y mean & f> m frequ5tly ?an 
y imag9e he w receive a wrong impression
 by confus+ words l zeal & seal ( simil>
 s\nd & totally diff]5t mean+4 ,a tea*] 
accid5tally f\nd out t h] class suppos$ 
t ! kid :i* rail$ at ! wolf 9 ,aesop's  
fable 0 a little boy1 & ,i h _h a *ild  
tell me t he saw at ,r\5 ! place1 :]e   
,noah's ark 0 burn$1 ( c\rse he meant   
,jeanne d',arc4 ,! ma/]y ( words1 says  
,miss ,arnold1 is an ess5tial elem5t 9  
le>n+ to read4 ,our common mi/ake is1 n 
t we d su* "w too well1 b t we make x ! 
f9al aim ( ! read+ lesson1 & lead !     
*ildr5 to feel t !y c read :5 !y are    
m]ely able to pron\nce ! words4         
,obs]vation has conv9c$ me1 wrote       
,melvill ,dewey1 t ! reason :y s _m p   

are n habitual read]s is1 9 mo/ cases1 t
 !y h nev] really le>n$ to read2 &1     
/>tl+ z ?is may seem1 te/s w %[ t _m a  
man :o w\ld res5t ! *>ge ( illit]acy is 
:olly unable to reproduce ! au?or's     
?\ghts by look+ at ! pr9t$ page4        
,*ildr5 make _! fir/ acqua9tance ) books
 f ! pictures4 ,!y l pl5ty ( !m ) bright
 colors & broad simple treatm5t & pref] 
a rude sket* ) action to ! f9e/ "w (    
,walt] ,crane or ,kate ,gre5away4       
,illu/rations %\ld help ! *ild to und]/&
 ! /ory4 ,pictures ( hi/oric places &   
objects & adequate reproductions ( works
 ( great arti/s are ( value lat]1 =1    
:ile ! ae/hetic s5se ( ! *ild may be    
cultivat$ by surr\nd+ him ) !           
beautiful--fl[]s1 pictures1 books1 a    
recognition ( ! fact t ! love ( !       
arti/ic is ( comp>atively late          
developm5t1 w prev5t mu* disc\ragem5t4  
,! *ild le>ns f 8 read+ :at k9d ( a _w  
he lives 91 ?r\gh books he also becomes 
acqua9t$ ) himself & ) 8 ta/es &        
abilities & sometimes he f9ds out f !m  

:at he is fitt$ = 9 life4 ,:5 c>efully  
direct$1 read+ may be made to cultivate 
common s5se1 self-reliance1 initiative1 
en?usiasm1 & ability to turn "o's m5tal 
& physical capital to ! be/ advantage & 
to make ! mo/ ( "o's                    
opportunities--qualities :i* ensure     
success 9 life1 & x also %\ld cultivate 
! affections & ^? k9dly feel+s :i* make 
! _w a bett] place to live 94 ,try to   
int]e/ ! *ild 9 books :i* give true &   
noble ideas ( life :]e wrong-do+ br+s   
its natural consequ5ces )\t too mu*     
prea*+4 ,! moral %\ld n be dragg$ 91 !  
day ( ! sug>-coat$ pill 9 lit]ature is  
pa/4 ,! "r books are ^? t tea* 9 a      
/raight=w>d way t "* is bett] ?an       
sup]ficial sm>tness1 t success does n   
always mean ! accumulation ( a l>ge     
am\nt ( money & t x is n a matt] ( luck 
b t x dep5ds ^u p]sev]ance 9 fai?ful "w2
 books :i* develop ! *ild's sympa?ies by
 tea*+ consid]ation = ! feel+s ( o!rs1  
k9dness to animals & to all weak &      
dep5d5t creatures4 ,lack ( rev]5ce is   

common 9 ! y\? ( today & books & pap]s  
:i* ridicule old age1 filial duty & o!r 
?+s :i* ought to be respect$ are all too
 common4 ,few h add$ m to ! happ9ess (  
mank9d ?an he :o has writt5 a classic = 
*ildr54 ,x takes v unusual qualities to 
write = !m4 ,sympa?y ) ! *ild3          
brightness & simplicity ( diction are   
mu* r>] ?an "o w\ld suppose until he    
seeks = !m ) ! *ild4 ,! fir/ requisite (
 a book is t x %\ld int]e/ ! *ild1 !    
next is t x %\ld inspire & uplift him4  
,! imp>t+ ( in=mation is less important1
 b :atev] in=mation ! book conta9s %\ld 
be accurate & useful4 ,:5 a *ild has    
le>n$ to appreciate ^? classics :i* are 
suit$ to 8 compreh5sion he w n be likely
 to wa/e 8 "t on su* futile ?+s z tales 
( imag9>y adv5ture ?ick5$ ) a little    
inaccurate hi/ory4 ,he w pref] books :i*
 describe :at really happ5$ to ^? :i*   
tell :at someone writ+ long aft] ?9ks   
possibly might h happ5$4  ,we h a good  
deal ( n]v\s pro/ration n[-a-days b     
little ref9+ leisure4 ,%ort] days (     

labor give m sp>e "t & ! s*ools c r5d] a
 great s]vice to ! nation by tea*+ h[ to
 make ! be/ use ( ?is "t & by creat+ !  
desire to devote a "p ( x to ! read+ (  
good books & especially to ! read+ ( !  
,am]ican classics4 ,h[ few res\rces mo/ 
p]sons h 9 !mselves & h[ flat &         
unpr(itable _! lives are4 ,!y devote _! 
mom5ts ( leisure to kill+ "t1 :5        
association ) ! "r read+ 9 e>ly life    
w\ld h taught !m to cultivate t inw>d   
eye :i* has be5 call$ ! bliss (         
solitude4 ,he :o has a love ( read+1    
h[ev] limit$ 8 means or h[ev] re/rict$ 8
 opportunities may give himself1 if he  
w1 a good education4 ,he1 :o has a ta/e 
= good books 9 y\?1 w r>ely read any?+  
else 9 matur] ye>s4  ,f ! total tra9+   
dur+ *ildhood1 says ,presid5t ,eliot1   
!re %\ld result 9 ! *ild a ta/e =       
int]e/+ & improv+ read+1 :i* %\ld direct
 & inspire its subsequ5t intellectual   
life4 ,t s*ool+ :i* results 9 ?is ta/e =
 good read+1 h[ev]1 unsy/ematic or      
ecc5tric ! s*ool+ may h be51 has a*iev$ 

a ma9 end ( elem5t>y education2 & t     
s*ool+ :i* does n result 9 implant+ ?is 
p]man5t ta/e has fail$4 ,guid$ & animat$
 by ?is impulse to acquire k & ex]cise 8
 imag9ation ?r\gh read+1 ! individual w 
cont9ue to educate himself all ?r\gh    
life4 ,)\t t deep-root$ impulsion he w  
soon cease to draw on ! accumulat$      
wisdom ( ! pa/ & ! new res\rces ( !     
pres5t1 & z he gr[s old]1 he w live 9 a 
m5tal atmosph]e :i* is always gr[+ ?9n] 
& empti]4 ,d we n all "k _m p :o seem to
 live 9 a m5tal vacuum--to :om inde$1 we
 h great difficulty 9 attribut+         
immortality because !y app>5tly h s     
little life except t ( ! body8 ,fifte5  
m9utes a day ( good read+ w\ld h giv5   
any "o ( ?is multitude a really human   
life4 ,! uplift+ ( ! democratic masses  
dep5ds on ?is implant+ at s*ool ( ! ta/e
 = good read+4  ,! great m5 ( lett]s h  
usually be5 ^? :o h be5 accu/om$ to good
 books f ! "m's knee4 ,:]e ! ta/e =     
read+ has n be5 inh]it$ x mu/ be acquir$
 by cont9u\s ef=t & "s ( ! _w's greate/ 

a*ievem5ts h be5 made by m5 :o toil$ on 
9 pov]ty & di/ress to improve _!        
faculties4 ,!re is no fact m uni=mly    
evid5t 9 ! biographies ( great m5 ?an t 
!y read great books 9 y\?4 ,nicolay &   
,hay say ( ,abraham ,l9coln3--  ,:5 8   
tasks end$1 8 /udies became ! *ief      
pleasure ( 8 life4 ,9 all ! int]vals ( 8
 "w--9 :i* he nev] took delight1 kn[+   
well en\gh t he 0 born = some?+ bett]   
?an t1 he read1 wrote1 & ciph]$         
incessantly4 ,8 read+ 0 naturally limit$
 by 8 opportunities1 = books 7 among !  
r>e/ ( luxuries 9 t region & "t4 ,b he  
read ev]y?+ he c\ld lay 8 h&s ^u1 & he 0
 c]ta9ly =tunate 9 ! few books ( :i* he 
became ! possessor4 ,x w\ld h>dly be    
possible to select a bett] h&ful (      
classics = a y\? 9 8 circum/ances ?an ! 
few volumes he turn$ ) a nightly & daily
 h&--! ,bible1 ,aesop's ,fables1        
,rob9son ,crusoe1 ,! ,pilgrim's         
,progress1 a hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 &
 ,weem's ,life ( ,wa%+ton4 ,^! 7 ! be/1 
& ^! he read ov] & ov] till he knew !m  

almo/ by he>t4 ,b 8 voracity = any?+    
pr9t$ 0 insatiable4 ,he w\ld sit 9 !    
twilight & read a diction>y z long z he 
c\ld see4 ,he us$ to g to ,david        
,turnham's1 ! t[n con/able1 & dev\r !   
,revis$ ,/atutes ( ,indiana1 z boys 9   
our day d ! ,?ree ,gu>dsm54 ,( ! books  
he did n own he took volum9\s notes1    
fill+ 8 copy-book ) *oice extracts1 &   
por+ ov] !m until !y 7 fix$ 9 8 memory4 
,he c\ld n af=d to wa/e pap] ^u 8       
orig9al compositions4 ,he w\ld sit by ! 
fire at night & cov] ! wood5 %ovel )    
essays & ari?metical ex]cises1 :i* he   
w\ld %ave (f & !n beg9 aga94 ,x is t\*+ 
to ?9k ( ?is great-spirit$ *ild1 battl+ 
ye> aft] ye> aga9/ 8 evil />1 wa/+ 8    
+5uity ^u devices & make%ifts1 8 high   
intellig5ce />v+ = want ( ! simple      
appliances ( education1 t are n[ (f]$   
gratis to ! poore/ & mo/ indiff]5t4 ,he 
did a man's "w f ! "t he left s*ool2 8  
/r5g? & /ature 7 already f> beyond ^? ( 
ord9>y m54 ,he wr\ght 8 appo9t$ tasks   
ungrudg+ly1 ?\gh )\t en?usiasm2 b :5 8  

employ]'s day 0 ov] 8 own began4  ,boys 
l ,abraham ,l9coln may be reli$ ^u to   
direct _! own read+1 b ! av]age *ild is 
unable to d ?is4 ,an important ?\ght :i*
 is n always kept 9 m9d by educators is 
/at$ ?us by ,huxley3--,if ,i am a knave 
or a fool1 tea*+ me to read & write     
won't make me less ( ei!r "o ( !        
o!r--unless somebody %[s me h[ to put my
 read+ & writ+ to wise & good purposes4 
,x is n easy to int]e/ 9 real lit]ature 
a *ild ^: fa!r reads no?+ b newspap]s & 
^: "m d]ives h] intellectual inspiration
 f novels1 b su* a *ild at lea/ lives 9 
a home :]e !re are books1 ?\gh ( an     
inf]ior k9d1 & !re is w>m? & good lights
 & leisure to read 9 quiet & com=t4 ,h[ 
diff]5t is ! case ( ! poor *ild1 :o     
comes f a t5em5t :]e a l>ge family      
congregate 9 "o room1 :]e ! wa% is dry+1
 :]e y\ng] *ildr5 are play+1 !re is     
little light1 & no books ( any k9d4 ,x  
is ) ! occupants ( su* homes t !        
*ildr5's libr>ian does ! mo/ wond]ful   
"w4 ,to see a ragg$1 b>efoot$ *ild come 

into a palatial public libr>y1 kn[+ t he
 has a "r to be !re & go+ directly to ! 
%elf *oose a book & sit d[n quietly to  
enjoy x gives hope = ! future ( our     
c\ntry4 ,consid] ! influ5ce ( su* a *ild
 9 8 home2 he n only int]e/s 8 bro!rs & 
si/]s 9 good books1 b also 8 fa!r & "m4 
,"o su* *ild ask$ a libr>ian ,w y please
 />t my fa!r on "s new fairy tales1 he  
has read all ! o!rs4 ,accord+ to ! ,new 
,york ,public ,libr>y ,read+ room books 
h done m to secure clean h&s & ord]ly   
ways f p]si/5tly dirty & disord]ly      
*ildr5 ?an any rem$y hi!rto tri$4 ,!re  
%\ld be en\gh copies ( suitable books & 
!y %\ld be kept on l[ %elves :]e !      
*ildr5 c h direct access to !m4 ,:5 we  
sp5d millions tea*+ *ildr5 to read1 we  
%\ld be will+ to g to "s exp5se 9 ord]  
to provide !m ) :at is wor? read+4 ,x is
 impossible = ^? :o h n /udi$ ! subject 
to realize ! quantity ( inane tra% ) :i*
 _m *ildr5 /ultify _! m9ds4 ,!y read s  
mu* t _! ?\ght is confus$ & !y _c ev5   
rememb] ! names ( ! books ^: pages are  

pass+ be=e _! eyes4 ,! m>ket is flood$ )
 books rang+ f ! trivial to ! h>mful    
:i*1 unless he is prop]ly direct$1 w    
div]t ! *ild f ! real books :i* he %\ld 
read & read aga94 ,n9ety *ildr5 out ( "o
 hundr$ 9 ! public s*ools bel[ ! high   
s*ool1 says ,c>ol9e ,m4 ,hew9s1 read    
no?+ = pleasure beyond /ories writt5 9 a
 simple /yle ) no involv$ s5t5ces4 ,n9e 
out ( ! o!r t5 enjoy novels & sometimes 
poetry & hi/ory writt5 = old] read]s1 & 
c be taught to appreciate o!r books1 b n
 m ?an "o 9 a hundr$1 has a natural love
 ( ! be/ lit]ature & desires )\t urg+ to
 read ! great books ( ! _w1 & %e adds   
,/ories ( ! pres5t day 9 :i* *ildr5 die1
 are cruelly treat$1 or (f] advice to _!
 eld]s1 are n good read+ = boys & girls 
9 happy homes4  ,to =m an impression on 
! :ite page ( ! *ild's m9d is a great   
privilege z well z a grave              
responsibility4 ,he :o makes s9         
attractive 9 a *ild's book or dims !    
cle>-cut di/9ction betwe5 "r & wrong w  
nev] be able to measure ! f>-rea*+      

consequ5ces ( 8 "w4 ,! *ild's read+ %\ld
 be con/ructive r ?an de/ructive4 ,he   
%\ld le>n :at to imitate r ?an :at to   
avoid1 b x is pref]able t he %\ld get   
necess>y k ( ! evil side ( human nature 
f a classic l ,oliv] ,twi/ ?an f 8 own  
exp]i5ce or f *eap ?rill]s4 ,! boy ne$s 
to be kept f ! vulg> cut-?roat /ory1 !  
girl f ! un:olesome romance4 ,girls %\ld
 read books t exalt ! sweet home        
virtues4 ,*eap society /ories are n     
necess>ily immoral b !y give false ideas
 ( life1 w>p ! m9d & enc\rage           
selfi%ness4  ,! normal boy reads !      
easie/ & mo/ excit+ ?+ t comes to h&1 he
 dev\rs detail$ acc\nts ( baseball &    
football mat*es & is famili> ) ! record 
( e play]4 ,! books he reads deal ) de$s
 r ?an descriptions4 ,he likes a /ory t 
he c act out ) n too _m *>act]s & ) "o  
c5tral figure1 he id5tifies himself ) ! 
h]o & und]goes 9 imag9ation 8 dang]s &  
triumphs1 he likes play ) a purpose to  
x1 he is always try+ to make some?+1 to 
accompli% some?+2 he feels unconsci\sly 

t he is "p ( ! organic :ole ( ! univ]se 
& has "w to d4 ,! *>m ( books l ,rob9son
 ,crusoe & ! ,swiss ,family ,rob9son    
consi/s 9 ! fact !y p]sonify & epitomize
 ! p]petual /ruggle ( mank9d ) ! =ces ( 
nature4 ,! boy takes up fads2 = a :ile  
all 8 int]e/s are conc5trat$ 9 boats1 !n
 9 po/age /amps1 !n 9 some?+ else4 ,8   
m9d mu/ be occupi$1 if we _c fill x )   
good ! bad w get 94 ,enc\rage ! boy to  
read books l ,tom ,br[n1 or ,capta9s    
,c\rage\s :i* %[ moral wor? express$    
?r\gh physical activity4 ,:5 he has be5 
int]e/$ 9 ! de$s describ$ 9 su* a book h
 him d some?+ ( a simil> "* to impress !
 lesson on 8 m9d1 =1 z ,h]b]t ,sp5c]    
/ates3--  ,n by precept1 ?\gh x be daily
 he>d2 n by example1 unless x be foll[$1
 b only ?r\gh action1 :i* is (t5 call$  
=? by ! relative feel+1 c a moral habit 
be =m$1 & ,edw>d ,?r+ says3--  ,boys or 
m5 become brave1 & h>dy1 & true1 n by   
be+ told to be s1 b by be+ nurtur$ 9 a  
brave & h>dy & true way1 surr\nd$ )     
objects likely to excite ^! feel+s1     

ex]cis$ 9 a mann] calculat$ to draw !m  
out unconsci\sly4 ,= all true feel+ is  
unconsci\s 9 proportion to its          
p]fection4 ,build+ up k )\t cultivat+ ! 
p[] to use x is ( small value4          
,impression %\ld g h& 9 h& ) expression4
 ,k does n become p[] until y use x4    
,*ildr5 %\ld read a great deal & read+  
%\ld be made attractive to !m4 ,! am\nt 
( real lit]ature suit$ to _! ta/e &     
compreh5sion is n l>ge & z mu* z        
possible ( x %\ld be read4 ,mat!w       
,arnold says t s*ool read+ %\ld be      
copi\s1 well *os5 & sy/ematic4 ,!re is  
(t5 a great diff]5ce betwe5 ! books :i* 
! *ild reads :5 "u obs]vation1 & ^? to  
:i* he resorts = solace & com=t & turns 
ov] & ov] aga9 :5 he is alone4 ,! latt] 
are ! ones t /amp 8 "*4 ,! s*ool & !    
public libr>y c nev] take ! place ( !   
home libr>y4 ,x is ! books t we own t   
influ5ce u4 ,! *ild %\ld "k ! joy ( !   
own]%ip ( books & !re is no bett] way to
 int]e/ him 9 !m1 ?an by giv+ !m to him 
"o by "o z he reads !m4 ,he %\ld h a    

place :]e he may keep !m 9 safety & %\ld
 be taught to respect !m & to keep !m   
clean4 ,8 books %\ld h all ! *>m t      
pretty & durable b9d+1 cle> type &      
bright pictures c give !m4 ,:5 tra% is  
s]v$ up 9 s _m allur+ =ms some?+ mu/ be 
done to make lit]ature attractive4 ,x is
 n en\gh t ! *ild is read+ :at w d him  
no h>m1 8 att5tion %\ld be conc5trat$ on
 ! p]man5t classics :i* are suit$ to 8  
compreh5sion & ta/e4 ,he :o does n read 
,aesop & ,rob9son ,crusoe & ! ,wond]    
,book 9 y\? w v likely nev] read !m at  
all4 ,!re are a numb] ( books l ,!      
,pilgrim's ,progress1 :i* are con/antly 
ref]r$ to b seldom read4 ,a great deal (
 ! "t & m5tal en]gy ( *ildr5 is wa/$4 ,!
 total fre$om f books & f all o!r ref9+ 
influ5ces dur+ vacations is z unnecess>y
 z x is deplorable4 ,an h\r a day wisely
 employ$ & direct$ dur+ ! summ] w\ld    
give a boy or girl an acqua9tance )     
,longfell[ or ,haw?orne1 t w\ld be a joy
 & inspiration 9 all aft] life4 ,! /udy 
( ! au?or's biography 9 connection ) 8  

works has an educational value :i* no?+ 
else c replace4 ,consid] ! influ5ce ( a 
?or\gh acqua9tance ) ,longfell[ or      
,l[ell4 ,! atmosph]e :i* surr\nd$ !m1 ! 
?+s t int]e/$ !m1 ! s\rces ( _!         
inspiration1 ! way 9 :i* ! common       
exp]i5ces ( life grew beautiful "u !    
influ5ce ( _! poetic imag9ation w\ld be 
a civiliz+ =ce ?r\gh\t life4 ,t *ance is
 to b a small ext5t a factor ( success1 
t no?+ is atta9$ by ! brighte/ m9d )\t t
 inf9ite pati5ce & labor :i* 9 itself is
 g5ius1 ! brave way 9 :i* su* m5 met    
trial & adv]sity3--^! are lessons :i*   
are n /udi$ z !y %\ld be4  ,because !   
imag9ation is develop$ e>ly1 *ildr5 are 
able to f9d a real delight 9 poetry ev5 
:5 x is beyond _! complete und]/&+4 ,sir
 ,walt] ,scott says3--,!re is no h>m1 b1
 on ! contr>y1 !re is b5efit 9 pres5t+ a
 *ild ) ideas beyond 8 easy & imm$iate  
compreh5sion4 ,! difficulties ?us (f]$1 
if n too great or too frequ5t1 /imulate 
curiosity & enc\rage ex]tion4  ,z a     
melody once he>d keeps on repeat+ itself

 9 ! e>s1 s a beautiful ?\ght makes an  
impression ^u ! m9d t may nev] be       
effac$4 ,*>les ,eliot ,norton says3--   
,poetry is "o ( ! mo/ effici5t means (  
education ( ! moral s5tim5t1 z well z ( 
! intellig5ce4 ,x is ! s\rce ( ! be/    
culture4 ,a man may "k all sci5ce & yet 
rema9 un$ucat$4 ,b let him truly possess
 himself ( ! "w ( any "o ( ! great      
poets1 & no matt] :at else he may fail  
to "k1 he is n )\t education4  ,!       
inspiration & delight d]iv$ f famili>ity
 ) ! be/ poetry is "o ( ! mo/ preci\s   
results ( education4 ,! *ild %\ld be    
made to und]/& t s*ool tra9+ is b !     
prep>ation = ! broad] education :i* x is
 8 duty & %\ld be 8 pleasure to acquire 
= himself2 & to ?is end x is ess5tial t 
he be s taught t aft] leav+ s*ool he may
 look n to ! newspap] & ! la/ novel = 8 
ideals1 b to ! high & wor?y ?\ghts ( !  
classics & especially ( ! poets (       
,am]ica4 ,_m ( ! mo/ inspir+ de$s ( our 
hi/ory h be5 embodi$ 9 poems l ,paul    
,rev]e's ,ride ) :i* e *ild %\ld be     

famili>4 ,! works ( ,longfell[1 ,:itti]1
 ,l[ell & ,holmes ab\nd 9 tea*+s ( !    
highe/ =m ( ,am]ican patriotism & 9 "*  
/udies ( ! great m5 :o h made our c\ntry
 :at x is4 ,! poetry t we h kn[n & lov$ 
9 *ildhood has f its v association a    
/r5g? & sweetness t no o!r c h4 ,x is to
 be regrett$ t *ildr5 are by no means z 
famili> ) poetry z !y %\ld be & t !     
old-"t cu/om ( committ+ poetry to memory
 is n m g5]al4 ,bryant has wisely rem>k$
 t ! prop] (fice ( poetry 9 fill+ ! m9d 
) delightful images & awak5+ ! g5tl]    
emotions1 is n accompli%$ on a fir/ &   
rapid p]usal1 b requires t ! words %\ld 
be dwelt ^u until !y become 9 a c]ta9   
s5se our own1 & are adopt$ z ! utt]ance 
( our own m9ds4 ,! value ( read+ poetry 
al\d is v great4 ,few s*ool *ildr5 d x  
well1 & x is especially difficult = !m  
to avoid read+ 9 a s+-song way ) a      
decid$ pause at ! end ( e l9e4 ,accuracy
 ( diction1 says ,rusk91 means accuracy 
( s5sation1 & precision ( acc5t1        
precision ( feel+4 ,read+ poetry al\d is

 !re=e an accompli%m5t wor?y ( e>ne/    
cultivation4 ,( equal honor ) him :o    
writes a gr& poem is he :o reads x      
gr&ly1 ,longfell[ has said1 & ,em]son1  
,a good read] summons ! mighty dead f _!
 tombs & makes !m speak to u4 ,to sit   
/ill & li/5 att5tively is a polite      
accompli%m5t & to reproduce accurately  
:at "o has he>d is z practically useful 
z x is unusual4         99       99     
99       99       99  ,transcrib]'s     
,notes3  ,punctuation normalis$4  ,page 
#ah1 %e *ang$ to ! 79 :i* !7  ,page #bc1
 rep-spect$ *ang$ to respect$ 7to be    
respect$7  ,page #bd1 leis-sure *ang$ to
 leisure 7little ref9+ leisure7  ,page  
#dd1 is *ang$ to x 7reads x gr&ly7