,,! ,,be/ ,,portraits ,,9 ,,engrav+4    
,,by  ,,*>les ,,sumn]4  ,fif? ,edition4 
,,fr$]ick ,,keppel  ,,co4  ,,new ,,york1
 #bj ,,ea/ #af? ,,/reet4  ,,london1     
,,p>is1  #c ,,duke ,,/reet1 ,,adelphi4  
#bg ,,quai ,,de ,l',,horloge4  ,ent]$   
accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye>    
#ahge1 by  ,,fr$]ick ,,keppel1  ,9 !    
,(fice ( ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress at     
,wa%+ton4     ,,! ,,be/ ,,portraits ,,9 
,,engrav+4     ,engrav+ is "o ( ! f9e   
arts1 & 9 ?is beautiful family has be5 !
 especial h&maid5 ( pa9t+4 ,ano!r si/]  
is n[ com+ =w>d to jo9 ?is s]vice1 l5d+ 
to x ! *>m ( color4 ,if1 9 our day1 !   
*romo c d m ?an engrav+1 x _c impair !  
value ( ! e>ly ma/]s4 ,) !m !re is no   
rivalry or competition4 ,hi/orically1 z 
well z ae/hetically1 !y w be ma/]s      
always4  ,ev]ybody kn[s some?+ (        
engrav+1 z ( pr9t+1 ) :i* x 0 associat$ 
9 orig94 ,s*ool-books1 illu/rat$ pap]s1 
& %op w9d[s are ! ord9>y opportunities  
op5 to all4 ,b :ile creat+ a transi5t   
int]e/1 or1 p]haps1 quick5+ ! ta/e1 !y  

furni% little ) reg>d to ! art itself1  
especially 9 o!r days4 ,& yet1 look+ at 
an engrav+1 l look+ at a book1 may be ! 
beg9n+ ( a new pleasure & a new /udy4   
,ea* p]son has 8 own /ory4 ,m9e is      
simple4 ,suff]+ f cont9u$ pro/ration1   
disabl+ me f ! ord9>y activities ( life1
 ,i turn$ to engrav+s = employm5t &     
pa/ime4 ,) ! invaluable assi/ance ( t   
devot$ connoisseur1 ! late ,dr4 ,?ies1  
,i w5t ?r\gh ! ,gray collection at      
,cambridge1 enjoy+ x l a picture-gall]y4
 ,o!r collections 9 our c\ntry 7 exam9$ 
also4 ,!n1 9 ,p>is1 :ile und]go+ sev]e  
m$ical treatm5t1 my daily m$ic9e = weeks
 0 ! va/ cab9et ( engrav+s1 !n call$    
,imp]ial1 n[ ,national1 c\nt$ by !      
million1 :]e 0 ev]y?+ to please or      
in/ruct4 ,?9k+ ( ^? k9dly portfolios1 ,i
 make ?is record ( gratitude1 z to      
b5efactors4 ,p]haps "s o!r invalid1     
seek+ occupation )\t burd51 may f9d 9 !m
 ! solace t ,i did4 ,happily1 x is n    
necess>y to visit ,p>is = ! purpose4    
,o!r collections1 on a small] scale1 w  

furni% ! same rem$y4  ,9 any consid]able
 collection1 portraits occupy an        
important place4 ,_! multitude may be   
inf]r$ :5 ,i m5tion t1 9 "o s]ies (     
portfolios1 9 ! ,p>is cab9et1 ,i c\nt$  
no less ?an =ty-sev5 portraits (        
,frankl9 & =ty-?ree ( ,lafayette1 ) an  
equal numb] ( ,wa%+ton1 :ile all ! e>ly 
,presid5ts 7 num]\sly repres5t$4 ,b1 9  
?is l>ge company1 !re are v few possess+
 arti/ic value4 ,! great portraits (    
mod]n times con/itute a v %ort li/1 l ! 
great poems or hi/ories1 & x is ! same )
 engrav+s z ) pictures4 ,sir ,jo%ua     
,reynolds1 expla9+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 an 
hi/orical pa9t] & a portrait-pa9t]1     
rem>ks t ! =m] pa9ts m5 9 g5]al1 a      
portrait-pa9t] a p>ticul> man1 &        
consequ5tly a defective model4#a ,a     
portrait1 !re=e1 may be an accurate     
pres5tm5t ( its subject )\t ae/hetic    
value4  ,b "h1 z 9 o!r ?+s1 g5ius       
ex]cises its accu/om$ sway )\t          
limitation4 ,ev5 ! difficulties ( a     
defective model did n prev5t ,raffaelle1

 ,titian1 ,rembr&t1 ,rub5s1 ,velasquez1 
or ,v&yck f produc+ portraits preci\s 9 
! hi/ory ( art4 ,x w\ld be easy to      
m5tion heads by ,raffaelle1 yield+ 9    
value to only two or ?ree ( 8 l>g]      
ma/]pieces1 l ! ,dresd5 ,madonna4 ,*>les
 ! ,fif? /oop$ to pick up ! p5cil (     
,titian1 say+ x becomes ,caes> to s]ve  
,titian6 ,true en\gh2 b ?is unprec$5t$  
complim5t f ! imp]ial successor (       
,*>lemagne atte/s ! glory ( !           
portrait-pa9t]4 ,! female figures (     
,titian1 s mu* admir$ "u ! names (      
,flora1 ,la ,bella1 8 daught]1 8        
mi/ress1 & ev5 8 ,v5us1 7 portraits f   
life4 ,rembr&t turn$ f 8 great triumphs 
9 8 own peculi> s*ool to portraits (    
unwont$ p[]2 s also did ,rub5s1 %[+ t 9 
?is dep>tm5t 8 univ]sality ( conque/ 0 n
 arre/$4 ,to ^! mu/ be add$ ,velasquez &
 ,v&yck1 ea* ( inf9ite g5ius1 :o won    
fame especially z portrait-pa9t]s4 ,&   
:at o!r title has ,sir ,jo%ua himself8  
,sid5ote3 ,suyd]hoef4  ,hi/orical       
pictures are (t5 collections ( portraits

 arrang$ s z to illu/rate an important  
ev5t4 ,su* is ! fam\s ,,peace ,,(       
,m,ue,n,s,t,e,r1 by ,t]burg1 j pres5t$  
by a lib]al ,engli%man to ! ,national   
,gall]y at ,london4 ,"h are !           
pl5ipot5ti>ies ( ,holl&1 ,spa91 &       
,au/ria1 unit+ 9 ! great treaty :i*     
con/itutes an epo* 9 ! ,law ( ,nations4 
,! engrav+ by ,suyd]hoef is r>e &       
int]e/+4 ,simil> 9 "* is ! ,dea? (      
,*a?am1 by ,copley1 :]e ! illu/ri\s     
/atesman is surr\nd$ by ! pe]s he _h be5
 address+--e "o a portrait4 ,to ?is li/ 
mu/ be add$ ! pictures by ,trumbull 9 ! 
,rotunda ( ! ,capitol at ,wa%+ton1      
especially ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce1 
9 :i* ,?ack]ay took a s9c]e int]e/4 ,/&+
 be=e ^!1 ! au?or & arti/ said to me1   
,^! are ! be/ pictures 9 ! c\ntry1 & he 
proce$$ to rem>k on _! hone/y &         
fidelity2 b d\btless _! real value is 9 
_! portraits4  ,unque/ionably ! f9e/    
assemblage ( portraits any:]e is t ( !  
arti/s occupy+ two halls 9 ! gall]y at  
,flor5ce1 be+ autographs contribut$ by !

 ma/]s !mselves4 ,"h is ,raffaelle1 )   
*e/nut-br[n hair1 & d>k eyes full (     
s5sibility1 pa9t$ :5 he 0 tw5ty-?ree1 & 
kn[n by ! engrav+ ( ,=/]--,julio        
,romano1 9 black & r$ *alk on           
pap]1--,massaccio1 call$ ! fa!r ( pa9t+1
 mu* admir$--,leon>do da ,v9ci1         
beautiful & gr&1--,titian1 ri* &        
spl5did1--,pietro ,p]ug9o1 rem>kable =  
execution & expression1--,alb]t ,du]]1  
rigid b ma/]ly1--,g]h>d ,d[1 f9i%$      
accord+ to 8 own exact+ /yle1--&        
,reynolds1 ) fre% ,engli% face2 b ^! are
 only examples ( ?is incomp>able        
collection1 :i* 0 begun z f> back z !   
,c>d9al ,leopold de ,m$ici1 & has be5   
happily cont9u$ to ! pres5t "t4 ,"h are 
! lions1 pa9t$ by !mselves1 except1     
p]haps1 ! =emo/ ( all1 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 
^: portrait seems ! "w ( ano!r4 ,!      
impression f ?is collection is confirm$ 
by t ( any gr\p ( hi/oric arti/s4 ,_!   
portraits excel ^? ( /atesm51 soldi]s1  
or div9es1 z is easily se5 by engrav+s  
accessible to all4 ,! engrav$ heads 9   

,arnold ,h\brak5's biographies ( ! ,dut*
 & ,flemi% pa9t]s1 9 ?ree volumes1 are a
 family ( r>e beauty4#b  ,! relation (  
engrav+ to pa9t+ is (t5 discuss$2 b     
nobody has treat$ x ) m k or s5tim5t ?an
 ! consummate engrav] ,longhi 9 8       
int]e/+ "w1 ,la ,calcografia4#c ,dwell+ 
on ! g5]al aid x r5d]s to ! lov]s ( art1
 he claims = x great] m]it 9 publi%+ &  
immortaliz+ ! portraits ( em95t m5 = !  
example ( ! pres5t & future g5]ations2  
&1 bett] ?an any o!r art1 s]v+ z !      
vehicle = ! mo/ ext5d$ & remote         
propagation ( des]v$ celebrity4 ,ev5    
great monum5ts 9 porphyry & bronze are  
less durable ?an ^! light & fragile     
impressions subject to all ! *ances (   
w9d1 wat]1 & fire1 b prevail+ by _!     
numb]s :]e ! mass succumbs4 ,9 o!r      
words1 x is ) engrav+s z ) books2 nor is
 ?is ! only resemblance betwe5 !m4      
,accord+ to ,longhi1 an engrav+ is n a  
copy or imitation1 z is sometimes       
insi/$1 b a translation4 ,! engrav]     
translates into ano!r language1 :]e     

light & %ade supply ! place ( colors4 ,!
 duplication ( a book 9 ! same language 
is a copy1 & s is ! duplication ( a     
picture 9 ! same mat]ial4 ,evid5tly an  
engrav+ is n a copy2 x does n reproduce 
! orig9al picture1 except 9 draw+ &     
expression2 nor is x a m]e imitation1 b1
 z ,bryant's ,hom] & ,longfell['s ,dante
 are pres5tations ( ! great orig9als 9  
ano!r language1 s is ! engrav+ a        
pres5tation ( pa9t+ 9 ano!r mat]ial :i* 
is l ano!r language4  ,?us does !       
engrav] v9dicate 8 art4 ,b nobody c     
exam9e a *oice pr9t )\t feel+ t x has a 
m]it ( its own diff]5t f any picture1 & 
inf]ior only to a good picture4 ,a "w ( 
,raffaelle1 or any ( ! great ma/]s1 is  
bett] 9 an engrav+ ( ,longhi or ,morgh5 
?an 9 any ord9>y copy1 & w\ld probably  
co/ m 9 ! m>ket4 ,a good engrav+ is an  
und\bt$ "w ( art1 b ?is _c be said ( _m 
pictures1 :i*1 l ,pet] ,p9d>'s razors1  
seem made to sell4  ,mu* t belongs to ! 
pa9t] belongs also to ! engrav]1 :o mu/ 
h ! same k ( cont\rs1 ! same p[] (      

expression1 ! same s5se ( beauty1 & !   
same ability 9 draw+ ) sur5ess ( sight z
 if1 accord+ to ,mi*ael ,angelo1 he _h a
 pair ( compasses 9 8 eyes4 ,^!         
qualities 9 a high degree make ! arti/1 
:e!r pa9t] or engrav]1 naturally excell+
 9 portraits4 ,b *oice portraits are    
less num]\s 9 engrav+ ?an 9 pa9t+1 = !  
reason1 t pa9t+ does n always f9d a     
successful translator4  ,illu/ration3   
,,philip ,,melanc?on4  7,engrav$ by     
,alb]t ,du]] f 8 own ,design47          
,sid5ote3 ,du]]4  ,! e>lie/ engrav$     
portraits :i* attract att5tion are by   
,alb]t ,du]]1 :o engrav$ 8 own "w1      
translat+ himself4 ,8 em95ce z pa9t] 0  
cont9u$ z engrav]4 ,"h he surpass$ 8    
pr$ecessors1 ,m>t9 ,s*o5 9 ,g]many1 &   
,mantegna 9 ,italy1 s t ,longhi does n  
hesitate to say t he 0 ! fir/ :o c>ri$ !
 art f infancy 9 :i* he f\nd x to a     
condition n f> f fl\ri%+ adolesc5ce4 ,b1
 :ile recogniz+ 8 great place 9 ! hi/ory
 ( engrav+1 x is impossible n to see t  
he is (t5 h>d & con/ra9$1 if n unf9i%$4 

,8 portrait ( ,,erasmus is ju/ly fam\s1 
& is conspicu\s among ! pr9ts exhibit$ 9
 ! ,briti% ,museum4 ,x is dat$ #aebf1   
two ye>s be=e ! dea? ( ,du]]1 & has     
help$ to ext5d ! fame ( ! univ]sal s*ol>
 & approv$ man ( lett]s1 :o 9 8 own age 
fill$ a sph]e n unlike t ( ,voltaire 9 a
 lat] c5tury4 ,!re is ano!r portrait (  
,erasmus by ,holbe91 (t5 repeat$1 s t   
two great arti/s h contribut$ to 8 r5[n4
 ,t by ,du]] is admir$4 ,! g5]al f95ess 
( t\*1 ) ! accessories ( books & fl[]s1 
%[s ! c>e 9 its execution2 b x wants    
expression1 & ! h&s are f> f graceful4  
,ano!r mo/ int]e/+ portrait by ,du]]1   
execut$ 9 ! same ye> ) ! ,erasmus1 is   
,,philip ,,melanc?on1 ! ,/4 ,john ( !   
,re=mation1 sometimes call$ ! tea*] (   
,g]many4 ,lu!r1 :ile speak+ ( himself z 
r\gh1 boi/]\s1 /ormy1 & altoge!r w>like1
 says1 b ,ma/] ,philippus comes along   
s(tly & g5tly1 s[+ & wat]+ ) joy accord+
 to ! ri* gifts :i* ,god has be/[$ ^u   
him4 ,at ! date ( ! pr9t he 0 tw5ty-n9e 
ye>s ( age1 & ! c\nt5ance %[s ! mild    

re=m]4  ,sid5ote3 ,c>acci4  ,ago/9o     
,c>acci1 ( ! ,bolognese family1         
memorable 9 art1 add$ to consid]able    
success z pa9t] und\bt$ triumphs z      
engrav]4 ,8 pr9ts are num]\s1 & _m are  
reg>d$ ) favor2 b out ( ! long li/ n "o 
is s sure ( t longevity allott$ to art z
 8 portrait ( ,,titian1 :i* be>s date   
#aehg1 elev5 ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ! latt]4
 ,ov] x is ! inscription1 ,titiani      
,vicellii ,pictoris celeb]rimi ac       
famosissimi v]a effigies1 to :i* is add$
 b5ea?1 ,cujus nom5 orbis cont9]e non   
valet6 ,al?\gh f\nd$ on orig9als by     
,titian himself1 x 0 probably design$ by
 ! rem>kable engrav]4 ,x is v l1 & yet  
unlike ! famili> portrait ( :i* we h a  
rec5t engrav+ by ,m&el1 f a repetition 9
 ! gall]y ( ,b]l94 ,look+ at x1 we are  
rem9d$ ( ! t]ms by :i* ,vas>i describ$ !
 great pa9t]1 guidicioso1 bello e       
/up5do4 ,su* a head1 ) su* visible p[]1 
ju/ifies ^! words1 or at lea/ makes u   
believe !m entirely applicable4 ,x is   
bold1 broad1 /rong1 & in/9ct ) life4    

,?is pr9t1 l ! ,erasmus ( ,du]]1 is     
among ^? select$ = exhibition at !      
,briti% ,museum1 & x des]ves ! honor4   
,?\gh only pap] ) black l9es1 x is1 by !
 g5ius ( ! arti/1 z good z a picture4 ,9
 all engrav+ no?+ is bett]4  ,sid5ote3  
,goltzius4  ,contempor>y ) ,c>acci 0    
,h5drik ,goltzius1 at ,h>lem1 excell5t z
 pa9t]1 b1 l ! ,italian1 pre-em95t z    
engrav]4 ,8 pr9ts %[ ma/]y ( ! art1 mak+
 some?+ l an epo* 9 its hi/ory4 ,8      
unwe>i$ skill 9 ! use ( ! bur9 appe>s 9 
a tradition ga!r$ by ,longhi f ,wille1  
t1 hav+ comm5c$ a l9e1 he c>ri$ x to !  
end )\t once /opp+1 :ile ! long & bright
 ?reads ( copp] turn$ up 7 bru%$ aside  
by 8 fl[+ be>d1 :i* at ! end ( a day's  
labor s %one 9 ! light ( a c&le t 8     
companions nicknam$ him ! man ) ! gold5 
be>d4 ,!re are pr9ts by him :i* %9e m   
?an 8 be>d4 ,among 8 ma/]pieces is !    
portrait ( 8 in/ructor1 ,,!odore        
,,co]nh]t1 engrav]1 poet1 musician1 &   
v9dicator ( 8 c\ntry1 & au?or ( !       
national air1 ,william ( ,orange1 ^:    

passion = lib]ty did n prev5t him f giv+
 to ! _w translations ( ,cic]o's ,(fices
 & ,s5eca's ,treatise on ,b5efic5ce4 ,b 
t ( ! ,,engrav] ,,himself1 z l>ge z     
life1 is "o ( ! mo/ important 9 ! art4  
,among ! num]\s pr9ts by ,goltzius1 ^!  
two w always be conspicu\s4             
,illu/ration3 ,,jan ,,lutma4  7,et*$ by 
,rembr&t f 8 own ,design47  ,sid5ote3   
,pontius4  ,sid5ote3 ,rembr&t4          
,sid5ote3 ,viss*]4  ,9 ,holl& ,goltzius 
_h em95t successors4 ,among ^! 7 ,paul  
,pontius1 design] & engrav]1 ^: portrait
 ( ,,rub5s is ( great life & beauty1 &  
,rembr&t1 :o 0 n less ma/]ly 9 engrav+  
?an 9 pa9t+1 z appe>s suffici5tly 9 8   
portraits ( ! ,,burgoma/] ,,six1 ! two  
,,copp5ols1 ! ,,advocate ,,toll+1 !     
goldsmi? ,,lutma1 all %[+ s+ul> facility
 & orig9ality4 ,contempor>y ) ,rembr&t 0
 ,cornelis ,viss*]1 also design] &      
engrav]1 ^: portraits 7 unsurpass$ 9    
boldness & picturesque effect4 ,at lea/ 
"o au?ority has accord$ to ?is arti/ !  
palm ( engrav+1 hail+ him z ,corypheus (

 ! art4 ,among 8 successful portraits is
 t ( a ,,cat2 b all yield to :at are    
kn[n z ! ,,great ,,be>ds1 be+ !         
portraits ( ,,william ,,de ,,ryck1 an   
oph?almi/ at ,am/]dam1 & ( ,,gellius    
,,de ,,b\ma1 ! ,zutph5 ecclesia/ic4 ,!  
latt] is especially fam\s4 ,9 h>mony ) !
 be>d is ! heavy face1 sev5ty-sev5 ye>s 
old1 %[+ ! fulness ( long-cont9u$       
potation1 & h&s l ! face1 orig9al &     
p[]ful1 if n beautiful4  ,illu/ration3  
,,! ,,sleep+ ,,cat4  7,engrav$ by       
,cornelis ,viss*] f 8 own ,design47     
,sid5ote3 ,v&yck4  ,9 contra/ ) ,viss*] 
0 8 companion ,v&yck1 :o pa9t$ portraits
 ) con/ant beauty & c>ri$ into et*+ !   
same ,virgilian ta/e & skill4 ,8        
aqua=tis 0 n less g5tle ?an 8 p5cil4    
,among 8 et*$ portraits ,i w\ld select t
 ( ,,snyd]s1 ! animal pa9t]1 z extremely
 beautiful4 ,m4 ,r5\vi]1 9 8 le>n$ &    
elaborate "w1 ,des ,types et des        
,mani]es des ,maitres ,graveurs1 ?\gh   
usually mod]ate 9 praise1 speaks ( ^!   
sket*es z possess+ a boldness & delicacy

 :i* *>m1 be+ tak51 at ! height ( 8     
g5ius1 by ! pa9t] :o knew ! be/ h[ to   
idealize ! pa9t+ ( portraits4  ,su* are 
illu/rative in/ances f ,g]many1 ,italy1 
& ,holl&4 ,z yet1 p[] r ?an beauty      
presid$1 unless 9 ! et*+s ( ,v&yck4 ,b !
 reign ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 0 beg9n+ to ass]t 
a supremacy 9 engrav+ z 9 lit]ature4 ,! 
great s*ool ( ,fr5* engrav]s :i* appe>$ 
at ?is "t br\ght ! art to a spl5did     
p]fection1 :i* _m ?9k has n be5 equall$ 
s9ce1 s t ,masson1 ,nanteuil1 ,edel9ck1 
& ,drevet may claim fell[%ip 9 g5ius )  
_! immortal contempor>ies1 ,corneille1  
,rac9e1 ,la ,fonta9e1 & ,moli]e4        
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,sud>ium ,,( ,,/4    
,,v]onica4  7,engrav$ by ,claude ,mellan
 f 8 own ,design47  ,sid5ote3 ,mellan4  
,! s*ool 0 op5$ by ,claude ,mellan1 m   
kn[n z engrav] ?an pa9t]1 & also au?or (
 mo/ ( ! designs he engrav$4 ,8 life1   
beg9n+ ) ! sixte5? c5tury1 0 protract$  
beyond n9ety ye>s1 n )\t signal honor1 =
 8 "n appe>s among ! ,illu/ri\s ,m5 (   
,france1 9 ! beautiful volumes (        

,p]rault1 :i* is also a homage to ! art 
he practic$4 ,"o ( 8 works1 = a long "t 
mu* admir$1 0 describ$ by ?is au?or3    
,x is a ,*ri/'s head1 design$ & %ad$1 ) 
8 cr[n      ( ?orns & ! blood t gu%es =?
 f all p>ts1 by      "o s+le /roke1 :i*1
 beg9n+ at ! tip ( ! nose1      & s /ill
 circl+ on1 =ms mo/ exactly ev]y?+ t    
is repres5t$ 9 ?is plate1 only by !     
diff]5t      ?ickness ( ! /roke1 :i*1   
accord+ z x is m or      less swell+1   
makes ! eyes1 nose1 m\?1 *eeks1 hair1   
blood1 & ?orns2 ! :ole s well repres5t$ 
& )      su* expressions ( pa9 &        
affliction1 t no?+ is      m dolor\s or 
t\*+4#d  ,?is pr9t is kn[n z ! ,,sud>ium
 ,,( ,,/4 ,,v]onica4 ,longhi records t x
 0 ?\ght at ! "t inimitable1 & 0 prais$ 
to ! skies2 b p ?9k diff]5tly n[4 ,at   
be/ x is a curiosity among portraits4 ,a
 travel] report$ "s "t ago t x 0 ! sole 
pr9t on ! walls ( ! room occupi$ by !   
director ( ! ,imp]ial ,cab9et (         
,engrav+s at ,/4 ,pet]sburgh4  ,sid5ote3
 ,mor94  ,mor9 0 a contempor>y (        

,mellan1 & less fam\s at ! "t4 ,8 /yle (
 engrav+ 0 peculi>1 be+ a mixture (     
/rokes & dots1 b s h>moniz$ z to produce
 a pleas+ effect4 ,"o ( ! be/ engrav$   
portraits 9 ! hi/ory ( ! art is 8       
,,c>d9al ,,b5tivoglio2 b "h he translat$
 ,v&yck1 ^: picture is among 8 be/4 ,a  
f9e impression ( ?is pr9t is a *oice    
possession4  ,illu/ration3 ,,c>d9al     
,,b5tivoglio4  7,pa9t$ by ,an?ony ,van  
,dyck1 & ,engrav$ by ,jean ,mor947      
,sid5ote3 ,masson4  ,among ,fr5* ma/]s  
,anto9e ,masson is conspicu\s =         
brilliant h>dihood ( /yle1 :i*1 ?\gh    
fail+ 9 ta/e1 is p[]ful 9 effect4       
,metal1 armor1 velvet1 fea!r1 seem z if 
pa9t$4 ,he is also mo/ successful 9 !   
treatm5t ( hair4 ,8 imm5se skill made   
him welcome difficulties1 z if to %[ 8  
ability 9 ov]com+ !m4 ,8 pr9t ( ,,h5ri  
,,de ,,lorra9e1 ,,comte ,d',,h>c\rt1    
kn[n z ,cadet a la ,p]le1 f ! pe>l 9 !  
e>1 ) ! date #affg1 is (t5 plac$ at !   
head ( engrav$ portraits1 al?\gh n      
p>ticul>ly pleas+ or int]e/+4 ,! vigor\s

 c\nt5ance is aid$ by ! gleam & %e5 ( ! 
v>i\s sub/ances ent]+ into ! co/ume4    
,less p[]ful1 b hav+ a *>m ( its own1 is
 t ( ,,brisaci]1 kn[n z ! ,,gray-,,hair$
 ,,man1 execut$ 9 #affd4 ,! rem>kable   
repres5tation ( hair 9 ?is pr9t has be5 
a model = arti/s1 especially = ,longhi1 
:o rec\nts t he copi$ x 9 8 head (      
,wa%+ton4 ,some:at simil> is ! head (   
,,*>ri]1 ! crim9al judge at ,lyons4     
,?\gh inf]ior 9 hair1 x surpasses ! o!r 
9 expression4  ,sid5ote3 ,nanteuil4     
,nanteuil 0 an arti/ ( diff]5t "*1 be+  
to ,masson z ,v&yck to ,viss*]1 ) less (
 vigor ?an beauty4 ,8 orig9al g5ius 0   
ref9$ by classical /udies1 & quick5$ by 
dilig5ce4 ,?\gh dy+ at ! age (          
=ty-eight1 he _h execut$ z _m z two     
hundr$ & eighty plates1 ne>ly all       
portraits4 ,! favor he enjoy$ dur+ life 
0 n dim9i%$ ) "t4 ,8 works illu/rate !  
reign ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 & are /ill admir$4
 ,among ^! are portraits ( ! ,,k+1      
,,annie ,,( ,,au/ria1 ,,john ,,bapti/e  
,,van ,,/e5b]gh51 ! ,advocate-,g5]al (  

,holl&1 a heavy ,dut*man1 ,,francois    
,,de ,,la ,,motte ,,le ,,vay]1 a f9e &  
delicate "w1 ,,tur5ne1 ,,colb]t1        
,,lamoignon1 ! poet ,,loret1 ,,m>idat   
,,de ,,s]ri]e1 ,,l\ise-,,m>ie ,,de      
,,gonzague1 ,,l\is ,,hessel91 ,,*ri/9e  
,,( ,,sw$5--all ma/]pieces2 b above ^!  
is ! ,,pompone ,,de ,,bellievre1 =emo/  
among 8 ma/]pieces1 & a *ief ma/]piece (
 art1 be+1 9 ! judgm5t ( m ?an "o       
connoisseur1 ! mo/ beautiful engrav$    
portrait t exi/s4 ,t excell5t au?ority1 
,dr4 ,?ies1 :o knew engrav+ m ?or\ghly &
 sympa!tically ?an any p]son ,i rememb] 
9 our c\ntry1 said 9 a lett] to myself1 
z long ago z ,m>*1 #aheh3       ,:5 ,i  
call ,nanteuil's ,pompone ! h&some/     
engrav$      portrait1 ,i express a     
conviction to :i* ,i came :5 ,i         
/udi$ all ! rem>kable engrav$ portraits 
at ! royal      cab9et ( engrav+s at    
,dresd51 & at ! l>ge &      exquisite   
collection !re ( ! late ,k+ ( ,saxony1 &
      9 :i* ,i 0 confirm$ or p]haps1 to 
:i* ,i 0 l$1 by      ! director ( ! two 

e/abli%m5ts1 ! late ,pr(essor           
,fr5zel4  ,& aft] describ+ ?is head1 !  
le>n$ connoisseur proce$s3--       ,!re 
is an air ( ref9em5t1 vornehmheit1 r\nd 
!      m\? & nose z 9 no o!r engrav+4   
,color & life      %9e ?r\gh ! sk91 & ! 
lips appe> r$4  ,x is bold1 p]haps1 ?us 
to exalt a s+le portrait1 giv+ to x !   
palm ( ,v5us2 nor d ,i "k t x is        
entirely prop] to classify portraits    
accord+ to beauty4 ,9 disput+ ab\t      
beauty1 we are too (t5 lo/ 9 ! v>iety ( 
individual ta/es1 & yet ea* p]son kn[s  
:5 he is t\*$4 ,9 proportion z          
multitudes are t\*$1 !re mu/ be m]it4 ,z
 9 music a simple he>t-melody is (t5 m  
effective ?an any triumph ov]           
difficulties1 or bravura ( mann]1 s 9   
engrav+ ! s5se ( ! beautiful may prevail
 ov] all else1 & ?is is ! case ) !      
,pompone1 al?\gh !re are portraits by   
o!rs %[+ high] art4  ,no d\bt !re h be5 
z h&some m51 ^: portraits 7 engrav$1 b n
 s well4 ,i "k n if ,pompone 0 :at w\ld 
be call$ a h&some man1 al?\gh 8 air is  

noble & 8 c\nt5ance bright4 ,b among    
portraits m boldly1 delicately1 or      
elaborately engrav$1 !re are v few to   
conte/ ! palm ( beauty4  ,illu/ration3  
,,pompone ,,de ,,bellievre4  7,pa9t$ by 
,*>les ,le ,brun1 & ,engrav$ by ,rob]t  
,nanteuil47  ,& :o is ?is h&some man to 
:om ! engrav] has giv5 a lease ( fame8  
,son1 nephew1 & gr&son ( em95t          
magi/rates1 high 9 ! nobility ( ! robe1 
) two gr&fa!rs *ancellors ( ,france1    
himself at ! head ( ! magi/ry ( ,france1
 fir/ ,presid5t ( ,p>liam5t accord+ to  
inscription on ! engrav+1 ,s5atus       
,franciae ,pr9ceps1 ambassador to       
,italy1 ,holl&1 & ,engl&1 *>g$ 9 ! latt]
 c\ntry by ,c>d9al ,maz>9 ) ! impossible
 duty ( mak+ peace betwe5 ! ,long       
,p>liam5t & ,*>les ! ,fir/1 & at 8 dea?1
 great b5efactor ( ! ,g5]al ,hospital ( 
,p>is1 be/[+ ^u x ri*es & ! v b$ on :i* 
he di$4 ,su* is ! simple catalogue1 &   
yet x is all =gott54  ,a ,fun]al        
,panegyric pron\nc$ at 8 dea?1 n[ be=e  
me 9 ! orig9al pamphlet ( ! "t1#e       

te/ifies to m ?an family or (fice4 ,9   
himself he 0 mu*1 & n ( ^? :o1 accord+  
to ! say+ ( ,/4 ,b]n>d1 give out smoke r
 ?an light4 ,pure glory & innoc5t ri*es 
7 81 :i* 7 m preci\s 9 ! sight ( good   
m51 & he %[$ himself incorruptible1 & n 
to be b\ght at any price4 ,x 7 easy =   
him to h turn$ a deluge ( weal? into 8  
h\se2 b he knew t gifts ins5sibly       
corrupt1--t ! speci\s pretext (         
gratitude is ! sn>e 9 :i* ! greate/ s\ls
 all[ !mselves to be caught1--t a man   
cov]$ ) favors has difficulty 9 sett+   
himself aga9/ inju/ice 9 all its =ms1 & 
t a magi/rate divid$ betwe5 a s5se (    
obligations receiv$ & ! c>e ( ! public  
int]e/1 :i* he ought always to promote1 
is a p>alytic magi/rate1 a magi/rate    
depriv$ ( a moiety ( himself4 ,s spoke !
 prea*]1 :ile he portray$ a *>ity t5d] &
 prompt = ! wret*$1 a vehem5ce j &      
inflexible to ! di%one/ & wick$1 ) a    
sweetness noble & b5efic5t = all2 dwell+
 also on 8 c\nt5ance1 :i* _h n t sev]e &
 s\r au/]ity t r5d]s ju/ice to ! good   

only ) regret1 & to ! guilty only )     
ang]2 !n on 8 pleasant & graci\s        
address1 8 intellectual & *>m+          
conv]sation1 8 ready & judici\s replies1
 8 agreeable & intellig5t sil5ce1 8     
refusals1 :i* 7 well receiv$ & oblig+2  
:ile1 amid/ all ! pomp & spl5dor        
accompany+ him1 !re %one 9 8 eyes a     
c]ta9 air ( humanity & maje/y1 :i*      
secur$ = him1 & = ju/ice itself1 love z 
well z respect4 ,8 b5efactions 7        
con/ant4 ,n cont5t ) giv+ only 8 own1 he
 gave ) a beautiful mann] /ill m r>e4   
,he c\ld n abide beauty ( intellig5ce   
)\t goodness ( s\l1 & he pref]r$ always 
! poor1 hav+ = !m n only compassion b a 
sort ( rev]5ce4 ,he knew t ! way to take
 ! poison f ri*es 0 to make !m ta/$ by  
^? :o _h !m n4 ,! s5tim5t ( ,*ri/ian    
*>ity = ! poor1 :o 7 to him 9 ! place ( 
*ildr51 0 8 la/ ?\ght1 z witness        
especially ! ,g5]al ,hospital end[$ by  
him1 & pres5t$ by ! prea*] z ! greate/ &
 mo/ illu/ri\s "w ev] und]tak5 by *>ity 
! mo/ h]oic4  ,?us liv$ & di$ ! spl5did 

,pompone de ,bellievre1 ) no o!r *ildr5 
?an 8 works4 ,celebrat$ at ! "t by a    
,fun]al ,panegyric n[ =gott51 & plac$   
among ! ,illu/ri\s ,m5 ( ,france 9 a "w 
rememb]$ only = its engrav$ portraits1 8
 fam\s life %r9ks1 9 ! volum9\s         
,biographie ,univ]selle ( ,mi*aud1 to ! 
sev5? "p ( a s+le page1 & 9 ! lat]      
,biographie ,g5]alle ( ,didot disappe>s 
entirely4 ,hi/ory =gets to m5tion him4  
,b ! l(ty magi/rate1 ambassador1 &      
b5efactor1 f\nd] ( a great hospital1 _c 
be entirely lo/ f sight s long z 8      
portrait by ,nanteuil holds a place 9   
art4  ,sid5ote3 ,edel9ck4  ,y\ng] ?an   
,nanteuil by t5 ye>s1 ,g]>d ,edel9ck    
excell$ him 9 g5u9e ma/]y4 ,born at     
,antw]p1 he became ,fr5* by adoption1   
occupy+ ap>tm5ts 9 ! ,gobel9s1 & enjoy+ 
a p5sion f ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,longhi says t  
he is ! engrav] ^: works1 n only accord+
 to 8 own judgm5t1 b t ( ! mo/          
intellig5t1 des]ve ! fir/ place among   
exempl>s1 & he attributes to him all    
p]fections 9 highe/ degree1 design1     

*i>o-oscuro1 a]ial p]spective1 local    
t9ts1 s(tness1 lightness1 v>iety1 9 %ort
 ev]y?+ :i* c ent] into ! mo/ exact     
repres5tation ( ! true & beautiful )\t !
 aid ( color4 ,o!rs may h surpass$ him 9
 p>ticul> ?+s1 b1 accord+ to ! ,italian 
tea*]1 he rema9s by common cons5t !     
pr9ce ( engrav+4 ,ano!r critic calls him
 k+4  ,x requires no rem>kable k to     
recognize 8 great m]its4 ,evid5tly he is
 a ma/]1 ex]cis+ sway ) absolute art1 & 
)\t attempts to bribe ! eye by special  
effects ( light1 z on metal or sat94    
,among 8 conspicu\s productions is !    
,,t5t ,,( ,,d>ius1 a l>ge engrav+ on two
 %eets1 aft] ,le ,brun1 :]e ! family ( !
 ,p]sian mon>* pro/rate !mselves be=e   
,alex&]1 :o approa*es ) ,hephae/ion4    
,!re is also a ,,holy ,,family1 aft]    
,raffaelle1 & ! ,,battle ,,( ,,! ,,/&>d1
 aft] ,leon>do da ,v9ci2 b ^! are less  
int]e/+ ?an 8 num]\s portraits1 among   
:i* t ( ,,philippe ,,de ,,*ampaigne is !
 *ief ma/]piece2 b !re are o!rs ( signal
 m]it1 includ+ especially t ( ,,madame  

,,heliot1 or ,la ,belle ,religieuse1 a  
beautiful ,fr5* coquette pray+ be=e a   
crucifix2 ,,m>t9 ,,van ,,d] ,,boga]t1 a 
sculptor2 ,,fr$]ic ,,leon>d1 pr9t] to ! 
k+2 ,,m\ton1 ! ,lute-play]2 ,,m>t9us    
,,dilg]us1 ) a v5]able be>d :ite ) age2 
,,jules ,,h>d\9 ,,mans>t1 ! ar*itect2   
also a portrait ( ,,pompone ,,de        
,,bellievre :i* w be f\nd among ! pr9ts 
( ,p]rault's ,illu/ri\s ,m54  ,!        
,,philippe ,,de ,,*ampaigne is ! head ( 
t em95t ,fr5* arti/ aft] a pa9t+ by     
himself1 & x conte/s ! palm ) !         
,pompone4 ,mr4 ,m>%1 :o is an au?ority1 
pref]s x4 ,dr4 ,?ies1 :o places ! latt] 
fir/ 9 beauty1 is con/ra9$ to all[ t !  
o!r is sup]ior z a "w ( ! grav]1 be+    
execut$ ) all ! res\rces ( ! art 9 its  
*a/e/ =m4 ,! en?usiasm ( ,longhi f9ds   
expression 9 unusual praise3       ,! "w
 :i* goes ! mo/ to my blood1 & ) reg>d  
to :i* ,edel9ck1 ) good reason1         
congratulat$ himself1      is ! portrait
 ( ,*ampaigne4 ,i %all die be=e ,i cease
 to      contemplate x ) wond] always   

new4 ,"h is se5 h[ he      0 equally    
great z design] & engrav]4#f            
,illu/ration3 ,,m>t9 ,,van ,,d]         
,,boga]t4  7,pa9t$ by ,hyac9! ,rigaud1 &
 ,engrav$ by ,g]>d ,edel9ck47  ,& he !n 
dwells on v>i\s details2 ! sk91 ! fle%1 
! eyes liv+ & see+1 ! moi/5$ lips1 ! *9 
cov]$ ) a be>d un%av5 = a few days1 & ! 
hair 9 all its =ms4  ,betwe5 ! rival    
portraits by ,nanteuil & ,edel9ck x is  
unnecess>y to decide4 ,ea* is beautiful4
 ,9 look+ at !m we recognize anew !     
transi5t honors ( public s]vice4 ,!     
pres5t fame ( ,*ampaigne surpasses t (  
,pompone4 ,! arti/ outlives ! magi/rate4
 ,b does n ! poet tell u t ! arti/ nev] 
dies8  ,sid5ote3 ,drevet4  ,z ,edel9ck  
pass$ f ! sc5e1 ! family ( ,drevet      
appe>$1 especially ! son1 ,pi]re ,imb]t 
,drevet1 born 9 #afig1 :o develop$ a r>e
 excell5ce1 improv+ ev5 ^u ! te*nics ( 8
 pr$ecessor1 & gild+ 8 ref9$ gold4 ,!   
son 0 born engrav]1 = at ! age ( ?irte5 
he produc$ an engrav+ ( exce$+ m]it4 ,he
 manife/$ a s+ul> skill 9 r5d]+ diff]5t 

sub/ances1 l ,masson1 by ! effect (     
light1 & at ! same "t gave to fle% a    
s(tness & transp>5cy :i* rema9          
unsurpass$4 ,to ^! he add$ great ri*ness
 9 pictur+ co/umes & drap]y1 especially 
9 lace4  ,he 0 em95tly a portrait       
engrav]1 :i* ,i mu/ insi/ is ! highe/ =m
 ( ! art1 z ! human face is ! mo/       
important object = its ex]cise4 ,less   
cle> & simple ?an ,nanteuil1 & less     
sev]e ?an ,edel9ck1 he gave to ! face   
individuality ( "*1 & made 8 works      
conspicu\s 9 art4 ,if !re 0 excess 9 !  
accessories1 x 0 be=e ! age ( ,s>tor    
,res>tus1 & he only foll[$ ! prevail+   
/yle 9 ! popul> pa9t+s ( ,hyac9!        
,rigaud4 ,art 9 all its =ms _h become   
florid1 if n m]etrici\s1 & ,drevet 0 a  
repres5tative ( 8 age4  ,among 8 works  
are important ma/]pieces4 ,i "n only    
,,bossuet1 ! fam$ eagle ( ,meaux2       
,,samuel ,,b]n>d1 ! ri* ,c\ncillor (    
,/ate2 ,,f5elon1 ! p]suasive tea*] &    
writ]2 ,,c>d9al ,,dubois1 ! unpr9cipl$  
m9i/]1 & ! favorite ( ! ,reg5t (        

,france2 & ,,adri5ne ,,le ,,c\vreur1 !  
beautiful & un=tunate actress1 l9k$ 9   
love ) ! ,m>%al ,saxe4 ,! portrait (    
,bossuet has ev]y?+ to attract & *>m4   
,!re /&s ! p[]ful def5d] ( ! ,ca?olic   
,*ur*1 ma/] ( ,fr5* /yle1 & mo/ r5[n$   
pulpit orator ( ,france1 9 episcopal    
robes1 ) abundant lace1 :i* is !        
p]petual envy ( ! fair :o look at ?is   
transc5d5t ef=t4 ,! erm9e ( ,dubois is  
exquisite1 b ! g5]al effect ( ?is       
portrait does n comp>e ) ! ,bossuet1    
next to :i*1 9 fasc9ation1 ,i put !     
,adri5ne4 ,at h] dea? ! actress c\ld n  
be buri$ 9 consecrat$ gr\nd2 b ?r\gh art
 %e has ! p]petual companion%ip ( !     
greate/ bi%op ( ,france4  ,illu/ration3 
,,jacques ,,b5igne ,,bossuet1 ,,bi%op   
,,( ,,meaux4  7,pa9t$ by ,hyac9!        
,rigaud1 & ,engrav$ by ,pi]re ,imb]t    
,drevet47  ,sid5ote3 ,bale*\4  ,sid5ote3
 ,beauv>let4  ,sid5ote3 ,ficquet4  ,) ! 
y\ng] ,drevet clos$ ! classical p]iod ( 
portraits 9 engrav+1 z j be=e _h clos$ !
 ,augu/an age ( ,fr5* lit]ature4 ,l\is  

,,xiv4 decre$ engrav+ a f9e art1 &      
e/abli%$ an academy = its cultivation4  
,pride & o/5tation 9 ! k+ & ! great     
ari/ocracy creat$ a dem& :i* ! g5ius ( !
 age suppli$4 ,! heights t _h be5 rea*$ 
c\ld n be ma9ta9$4 ,!re 7 em95t engrav]s
 /ill2 b ! z5i? _h be5 pass$4 ,bale*\1  
:o belong$ to ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xv41 &  
,beauv>let1 ^: life 0 protract$ beyond !
 reign ( t]ror1 bo? produc$ portraits ( 
m]it4 ,! =m] is not$ = a c]ta9 cle>ness 
& brilliancy1 b ) a h>dness1 z ( brass  
or m>ble1 & )\t entire accuracy (       
design2 ! latt] has mu* s(tness ( mann]4
 ,!y 7 ! be/ arti/s ( ,france at ! "t2 b
 none ( _! portraits are fam\s4 ,to ^!  
may be add$ ano!r contempor>y arti/1 )\t
 pr$ecessor or successor1 ,/eph5        
,ficquet1 unduly disp>ag$ 9 "o ( !      
diction>ies z a reputable ,fr5* engrav]1
 b und\bt$ly rem>kable = small          
portraits1 n unlike m9iatures1 (        
exquisite f9i%4 ,among ^! ! r>e/ & mo/  
admir$ are ,,la ,,fonta9e1 ,,madame ,,de
 ,,ma9t5on1 ,,rub5s & ,,v&yck4          

,sid5ote3 ,s*midt4  ,sid5ote3 ,wille4   
,two o!r engrav]s belong to ?is         
int]m$iate p]iod1 ?\gh n ,fr5* 9 orig93 
,georg ,f4 ,s*midt1 born at ,b]l91      
#agab1 & ,johann ,georg ,wille1 born 9 !
 small t[n ( ,ko5igsb]g1 9 ! ,gr& ,du*y 
( ,hesse-,d>m/adt1 #agag1 b attract$ to 
,p>is1 !y became ! greate/ engrav]s ( ! 
"t4 ,_! "w is ,fr5*1 & !y are ! natural 
developm5t ( t classical s*ool4         
,sid5ote3 ,s*midt4  ,s*midt 0 ! son ( a 
poor weav]1 & lo/ six preci\s ye>s z a  
soldi] 9 ! artill]y at ,b]l94 ,ow+ to ! 
smallness ( 8 size he 0 at l5g?         
dismiss$1 :5 he surr5d]$ to a natural   
tal5t = engrav+4 ,arriv+ at ,/rasburg1  
on 8 way to ,p>is1 he fell 9 ) ,wille1 a
 w&]+ gunsmi?1 :o jo9$ him 9 8 j\rney1 &
 ev5tually1 9 8 /udies4 ,! productions (
 ,s*midt %[ ability1 orig9ality1 &      
v>iety1 r ?an ta/e4 ,8 num]\s portraits 
are excell5t1 be+ free & life-l1 :ile ! 
accessories ( embroid]y & drap]y are    
r5d]$ ) effect4 ,z an et*] he ranks next
 aft] ,rembr&t4 ,( 8 portraits execut$ )

 ! grav]1 t ( ! ,,empress ,,elizabe? ,,(
 ,,russia is usually call$ ! mo/        
important1 p]haps on acc\nt ( ! imp]ial 
!me1 & next ^? ( ,,c\nt ,,rassam[sky1   
,,c\nt ,,e/]hazy1 & ,,de ,,m\nsey1 :i*  
he engrav$ :ile 9 ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 :]e  
he 0 call$ by ! ,empress1 f\nd+ !re !   
,academy ( ,engrav+4 ,b 8 real          
ma/]pieces are unque/ionably ,,pi]re    
,,mign>d & ,,lat\r1 ,fr5* pa9t]s1 !     
latt] repres5t$ laugh+4  ,illu/ration3  
,l',,in/ruction ,,pat]nelle1 7,,! ,,sat9
 ,,g[n47  7,pa9t$ by ,g]>d ,t]burg1 &   
,engrav$ by ,johann ,georg ,wille47     
,sid5ote3 ,wille4  ,wille liv$ to old   
age1 n dy+ till #ahjh4 ,dur+ ?is long   
life he 0 active 9 ! art to :i* he      
incl9$ naturally4 ,8 ma/]%ip ( ! grav] 0
 p]fect1 l5d+ itself especially to !    
repres5tation ( sat9 & metal1 al?\gh    
less happy ) fle%4 ,8 ,,sat9 ,,g[n1 or  
,l',in/ruction ,pat]nelle1 aft] ,t]burg1
 & ,les ,musici5s ,ambulans1 aft]       
,dietri*1 are always admir$4 ,no?+ ( !  
k9d 9 engrav+ is f9]4 ,8 /yle 0 adapt$  

to pictures ( ! ,dut* s*ool1 & to       
portraits ) ri* surr\nd+s4 ,( ! latt] ! 
pr9cipal are ,,comte ,,de               
,,sa9t-,,flor5t91 ,,poisson ,,m>quis    
,,de ,,m>igny1 ,,john ,,de ,,b\llongne1 
& ! ,,c>d9al ,,de ,,t5c94  ,sid5ote3    
,b]vic4  ,sid5ote3 ,tos*i4  ,sid5ote3   
,desnoy]s4  ,sid5ote3 ,muell]4          
,sid5ote3 ,vangeli/i4  ,sid5ote3 ,&]loni
 & ,jesi4  ,especially em95t 0 ,wille z 
a tea*]4 ,"u 8 influ5ce ! art assum$ a  
new life1 s t he became fa!r ( ! mod]n  
s*ool4 ,8 s*ol>s spread ev]y:]e1 & among
 !m are ackn[l$g$ ma/]s4 ,he 0 tea*] (  
,b]vic1 ^: portrait ( ,l\is ,,xvi4 9 8  
coronation robes is ( a high ord]1      
himself tea*] ( ! ,italian ,tos*i1 :o1  
aft] an em95t c>e]1 di$ z late z #aheh2 
also tea*] ( ,t>dieu1 himself tea*] ( ! 
brilliant ,desnoy]s1 ^: portrait ( !    
,,emp]or ,,napoleon ,,9 ,,8 ,,coronation
 ,,robes is ! fit complem5t to t (      
,,l\is ,,xvi42 also tea*] ( ! ,g]man1   
,j4 ,g4 von ,muell]1 himself fa!r &     
tea*] ( ,j4 ,fr$]ick von ,muell]1       

engrav] ( ! ,,si/9e ,,madonna1 9 a plate
 ^: great fame is n above its m]it2 also
 tea*] ( ! ,italian ,vangeli/i1 himself 
tea*] ( ! unsurpass$ ,longhi1 9 ^: s*ool
 7 ,&]loni & ,jesi4 ,?us n only by 8    
works1 b by 8 fam\s s*ol>s1 did ! humble
 gunsmi? ga9 sway 9 art4  ,illu/ration3 
,,napoleon ,i4  7,pa9t$ by ,francois    
,g]>d1 & ,engrav$ by ,augu/e ,b\*]      
,desnoy]s47  ,among portraits by ?is    
s*ool des]v+ especial m5tion is t ( ,,k+
 ,,j]ome ,,( ,,we/phalia1 bro!r (       
,napoleon1 by ! two ,muell]s1 :]e !     
g5ius ( ! arti/ is mo/ conspicu\s1      
al?\gh ! subject contributes little4 ,z 
9 ! case ( ! ,palace ( ! ,sun1 describ$ 
by ,ovid1 ,mat]iam sup]abat opus4 ,?is  
"w is a beautiful example ( skill 9     
repres5tation ( fur & lace1 n yield+ ev5
 to ,drevet4  ,sid5ote3 ,longhi4        
,longhi 0 a univ]sal ma/]1 & 8 portraits
 are only p>ts ( 8 "w4 ,t ( ,,wa%+ton1  
:i* is r>e1 is evid5tly f\nd$ on ,/u>t's
 pa9t+1 b aft] a design ( 8 own1 :i* is 
n[ 9 ! possession ( ! ,swiss ,consul at 

,v5ice4 ,! arti/ felicitat$ himself on !
 hair1 :i* is modell$ aft] ! ,fr5*      
ma/]s4#g ,! portraits ( ,,mi*ael        
,,angelo1 & ( ,,d&olo1 ! v5]able ,doge (
 ,v5ice1 are admir$2 s also is !        
,,napoleon1 ,,z ,,k+ ,,( ,,italy1 ) !   
iron cr[n & f9e/ lace4 ,b 8 *ief        
portrait is t ( ,,eug5e ,,beauh>nais1   
,,vic]oy ,,( ,,italy1 full l5g?1        
rem>kable = plume 9 ! cap1 :i* is f9i%$ 
) surpass+ skill4  ,sid5ote3 ,morgh54   
,contempor>y ) ,longhi 0 ano!r ,italian 
engrav] ( widely ext5d$ fame1 :o 0 n !  
product ( ! ,fr5* s*ool1 ,raffaelle     
,morgh51 born at ,flor5ce 9 #ageh4 ,8   
works h enjoy$ a popul>ity beyond ^? (  
o!r ma/]s1 p>tly f ! int]e/ ( _!        
subjects1 & p>tly f _! s(t & captivat+  
/yle1 al?\gh !y d n possess ! graceful  
p[] ( ,nanteuil & ,edel9ck1 & are )\t   
v>iety4 ,he 0 s*ol> & son-9-law (       
,volpato1 ( ,rome2 himself s*ol> (      
,wagn]1 ( ,v5ice1 ^: homely r\nd faces 7
 n high models 9 art4 ,! ,,aurora1 ,,(  
,,guido1 & ! ,,la/ ,,supp]1 ,,(         

,,leon>do ,,da ,,v9ci1 /& high 9        
engrav+1 especially ! latt]1 :i* occupi$
 ,morgh5 ?ree ye>s4 ,( 8 two hundr$ & "o
 works1 no less ?an sev5ty-?ree are     
portraits1 among :i* are ! ,italian     
poets ,,dante1 ,,petr>*1 ,,ario/o1      
,,tasso1 also ,,boccaccio1 & a head     
call$ ,,raffaelle1 b suppos$ to be t (  
,,b5do ,,altoviti1 ! great pa9t]'s      
fri5d1 & especially ! ,,duke ,,(        
,,m5cada on horseback1 aft] ,v&yck1 :i* 
has receiv$ w>m praise4 ,b none ( 8     
portraits is calculat$ to give great]   
pleasure ?an t ( ,,leon>do ,,da ,,v9ci1 
:i* may vie 9 beauty ev5 ) ! fam\s      
,pompone4 ,"h is ! beauty ( ye>s & (    
s]5e intellig5ce4 ,look+ at t tranquil  
c\nt5ance1 x is easy to imag9e ! l>ge & 
v>i\s capacities :i* made him n only    
pa9t]1 b sculptor1 ar*itect1 musician1  
poet1 discov]]1 philosoph]1 ev5         
pr$ecessor ( ,galileo & ,bacon4 ,su* a  
"* des]ves ! immortality ( art4 ,happily
 an old ,v5etian engrav+ reproduc$ 9 our
 day1#h enables u to see ?is same       

c\nt5ance at an e>li] p]iod ( life1 )   
sp>kle 9 ! eye4  ,illu/ration3          
,,giovanni ,,boccaccio  ,fir5ze presso  
,luigi ,b>di e ,c',borgo degli ,albizzi 
,no #dfj  ,raffaelle ,morgh5 left no    
s*ol>s :o h foll[$ him 9 portraits2 b 8 
own works are /ill reg>d$1 & a monum5t 9
 ,santa ,croce1 ! ,we/m9/] ,abbey (     
,flor5ce1 places him among ! mighty dead
 ( ,italy4  ,sid5ote3 ,h\brak5  ,?us f> 
no?+ has be5 said ( ,engli% engrav]s4   
,"h1 z 9 art g5]ally1 ,engl& seems      
remov$ f ! re/ ( ! _w2 ,et p5itus toto  
divisos orbe ,britannos4 ,b ?\gh beyond 
! sph]e ( ,cont95tal art1 ! isl& (      
,%akespe>e 0 n inhospitable to "s ( its 
repres5tatives4 ,v&yck1 ,rub5s1 ,sir    
,pet] ,lely1 & ,sir ,godfrey ,knell]1   
all ,dut* arti/s1 pa9t$ ! portraits (   
,engli%m51 & engrav+ 0 fir/ illu/rat$ by
 =eign]s4 ,jacob ,h\brak51 ano!r ,dut*  
arti/1 born 9 #afih1 0 employ$ to       
execute portraits = ,bir*'s ,heads (    
,illu/ri\s ,p]sons ( ,great ,brita91    
publi%$ at ,london 9 #agdc1 & 9 ^! works

 may be se5 ! ae/hetic ta/e inh]it$ f 8 
fa!r1 au?or ( ! biography ( ,dut*       
arti/s1 & improv$ by /udy ( ! ,fr5*     
ma/]s4 ,al?\gh )\t great =ce or         
orig9ality ( mann]1 _m ( ^! h positive  
beauty4 ,i w\ld "n especially ! ,,sir   
,,walt] ,,raleigh & ,,john ,,dryd54     
,illu/ration3 ,,m>y ,,que5 ,,( ,,scots4 
7,pa9t$ by ,f$]igo ,zucc>o1 & ,engrav$  
by ,francesco ,b>tolozzi47  ,sid5ote3   
,b>tolozzi4  ,diff]5t 9 /yle 0          
,b>tolozzi1 ! ,italian1 :o made 8 home 9
 ,engl& = =ty ye>s1 end+ 9 #ahjg1 :5 he 
remov$ to ,lisbon4 ,! consid]able g5ius 
:i* he possess$ 0 spoilt by ha/e 9      
execution1 sup]s$+ t c>e :i* is an      
ess5tial condition ( art4 ,h5ce sam5ess 
9 8 "w & indiff]5ce to ! picture he     
copi$4 ,longhi speaks ( him z mo/       
unfai?ful to 8 ar*etypes1 &1 :atev] !   
orig9als1 be+ always ,b>tolozzi4 ,among 
8 portraits ( especial int]e/ are sev]al
 old wigs1 z ,,mansfield & ,,?url[2 also
 ! ,,dea? ,,( ,,*a?am1 aft] ! picture ( 
,copley 9 ! ,v]non ,gall]y4 ,b 8        

prettie/ piece und\bt$ly is ,,m>y ,,que5
 ,,( ,,scots1 ) h] little son ,james    
,i41 aft] :at ,mrs4 ,jameson calls !    
lovely picture ( ,zucc>o at ,*iswick4 ,9
 ! same /yle are 8 vignettes1 :i* are ( 
ackn[l$g$ beauty4  ,sid5ote3 ,/range4   
,mean:ile a ,scot*man honorable 9 art   
comes ^u ! sc5e--,sir ,rob]t ,/range1   
born 9 ! di/ant ,orkneys 9 #agba1 :o    
ab&on$ ! law = engrav+4 ,z a y\?ful     
,jacobite he jo9$ ! ,pret5d] 9 #agde1   
%>+ ! disa/] ( ,cullod51 & ow+ 8 safety 
f pursu]s to a "y lady dress$ 9 ! ample 
co/ume ( ! p]iod1 :om he aft]w>ds m>ri$ 
9 gratitude1 & !y 7 bo? happy4 ,he has a
 /yle ( 8 own1 ri*1 s(t1 & especially   
*>m+ 9 ! t9ts ( fle%1 mak+ him a natural
 translator ( ,titian4 ,8 mo/ celebrat$ 
engrav+s are d\btless ! ,,v5us & !      
,,danae aft] ! great ,v5etian colori/1 b
 ! ,,cleopatra1 ?\gh less fam\s1 is n   
inf]ior 9 m]it4 ,8 ackn[l$g$ ma/]piece  
is ! ,,madonna ,,( ,,/4 ,,j]ome call$   
,,! ,,day1 aft] ! picture by ,correggio1
 9 ! gall]y ( ,p>ma1 b 8 portraits aft] 

,v&yck are n less f9e1 :ile !y are m    
int]e/+--z ,,*>les ,,fir/1 ) a l>ge hat1
 by ! side ( 8 horse1 :i* ! ,m>quis (   
,hamilton is hold+1 & t ( ! same ,mon>* 
/&+ 9 8 erm9e robes2 also ! ,,?ree      
,,royal ,,*ildr5 ) two ,k+ ,*>les       
spaniels at _! feet1 also ,,h5rietta    
,,m>ia1 ! ,que5 ( ,*>les4 ,t ) ! erm9e  
robes is suppos$ to h be5 /udi$ by      
,raffaelle ,morgh51 call$ sometimes an  
imitator ( ,/range4#i ,to ^! ,i w\ld add
 ! r>e autograph ,,portrait ,,( ,,!     
,,engrav]1 be+ a small head aft]        
,greuze1 :i* is simple & beautiful4     
,illu/ration3 ,,john ,,hunt]  7,pa9t$ by
 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 & ,engrav$ by   
,william ,%>p47  ,sid5ote3 ,%>p4  ,"o   
o!r "n w close ?is catalogue4 ,x is t ( 
,william ,%>p1 :o 0 born at ,london 9   
#agdf1 & di$ !re 9 #ahbd4 ,?\gh la/ 9   
ord]1 ?is engrav] may claim k9dr$ ) !   
be/4 ,8 fir/ essays 7 ! embelli%m5t (   
pewt] pots1 f :i* he asc5d$ to ! heights
 ( art1 %[+ a p[] r>ely equall$4 ,)\t   
any in/ance ( peculi> beauty1 8 works   

are con/ant 9 "* & expression1 ) e      
possible excell5ce ( execution2 face1   
=m1 drap]y--all are z 9 nature4 ,8      
spl5did qualities appe> 9 ! ,,doctors   
,,( ,,! ,,*ur*1 :i* has tak5 its place z
 ! fir/ ( ,engli% engrav+s4 ,x is aft] !
 picture ( ,guido1 once belong+ to !    
,h\ghton gall]y1 :i* 9 an evil h\r =    
,engli% ta/e 0 all[$ to enri* !         
collection ( ! ,h]mitage at ,/4         
,pet]sburgh2 & ,i rememb] well t ?is    
engrav+ by ,%>p 0 "o ( ! few ornam5ts 9 
! draw+-room ( ,macaulay :5 ,i la/ saw  
him1 %ortly be=e 8 lam5t$ dea?4 ,next to
 ! ,doctors ( ! ,*ur* is 8 ,,le> ,,9 ,,!
 ,,/orm1 aft] ! picture by ,we/1 n[ 9 ! 
,bo/on ,a!naeum1 & 8 ,,sortie ,,f       
,,gibralt>1 aft] ! picture by ,trumbull1
 also 9 ! ,bo/on ,a!naeum4 ,?us1 ?r\gh  
at lea/ two ( 8 ma/]pieces ^: orig9als  
are among u1 is our c\ntry associat$ )  
?is great arti/4  ,x is ( portraits     
especially t ,i write1 & "h ,%>p is     
truly em95t4 ,all t he did 0 well done2 
b two 7 models2 t ( ,,mr4 ,,b\lton1 a   

/rong1 well-develop$ c\ntry g5tleman1   
admirably execut$1 & ( ,,john ,,hunt]1 !
 em95t surgeon1 aft] ! pa9t+ by ,sir    
,jo%ua ,reynolds1 9 ! ,london ,college (
 ,surgeons1 unque/ionably ! =emo/       
portrait 9 ,engli% art1 & ! coequal     
companion ( ! great portraits 9 ! pa/2 b
 "h ! engrav] unit$ 8 r>e gifts ) ^? ( !
 pa9t]4  ,sid5ote3 ,m&el4  ,9 clos+ ^!  
sket*es ,i w\ld h x obs]v$ t ?is is no  
attempt to treat ( engrav+ g5]ally1 or (
 pr9ts 9 _! mass or types4 ,! pres5t    
subject is simply ( portraits1 & ,i /op 
n[ j z we arrive at contempor>y         
examples1 abroad & at home1 ) ! g5tle   
g5ius ( ,m&el beg9n+ to asc5d ! sky1 &  
our own engrav]s appe>+ on ! horizon4   
,!re is also a new & k9dr$ art1 inf9ite 
9 value1 :]e ! sun himself becomes      
arti/1 ) works :i* m>k an epo*4  ,,*>les
 ,,sumn]4  ,,wa%+ton1 #aa,,? ,,dec41    
#ahga4  ,illu/ration      ,,footnotes3  
,footnote #a3 ,disc\rses be=e ! ,royal  
,academy1 ,no4 ,,iv4      ,footnote #b3 
,de ,groote ,s*onburgh d] ,n$]lants*e   

,koncts*ild]s en ,s*ild]ess54           
,footnote #c3 ,?is r>e volume is 9 !    
,congressional     ,libr>y1 among !     
books :i* belong$ orig9ally to ,hon4    
,george ,p4 ,m>%1 our excell5t & mo/    
s*ol>ly m9i/] 9     ,italy4 ,i ask$ = x 
9 va9 at ! ,p>is ,cab9et (              
,engrav+s1 & also at ! ,imp]ial ,libr>y4
 ,nev]     translat$ into ,fr5* or      
,engli%2 !re is a ,g]man     translation
 ( x by ,c>l ,b>?4      ,footnote #d3   
,les ,hommes ,illu/res1 p> ,p]rault1    
,tome ii41 p4     #ig4 ,! excell5t copy 
( ?is "w 9 ! ,congressional     ,libr>y 
belong$ to ,mr4 ,m>%4 ,! pr9ts are e>ly 
impressions4      ,footnote #e3         
,panegyrique ,funebre de ,messire       
,pompone de     ,bellievre1 ,premi]     
,presid5t au ,p>lem5t1 pron\nce a       
l',ho/el-,dieu de ,p>is1 le #ag ,avril1 
#afeg1 p> un ,*ano9e     reguli] de la  
,congregation de ,france4 ,! d$ication  
%[s     ?is to h be5 ! "w ( ,f4         
,lallemant ( ,/4 ,g5evieve4             
,footnote #f3 ,la ,calcografia1 p4 #agf4

      ,footnote #g3 ,la ,calcografia1   
pp4 #afe1 #dah4      ,footnote #h3 ,les 
,arts au ,moy5 ,age et a l',epoque de la
     ,r5aissance1 p> ,paul ,lacroix1 p4 
#aih4      ,footnote #i3 ,longhi1 ,la   
,calcografia1 p4 #aii4