,,*amb]s' ,,ed9burgh ,,j\rnal           
,,conduct$ ,,by ,,william ,,& ,,rob]t   
,,*amb]s1 ,,editors ,,( ',,*amb]s',s    
,,in=mation ,,= ,,! ,,p1' ',,*amb]s',s  
,,educational ,,c\rse1' c4     ,no4     
#dea4 ,,new ,,s]ies4   ,,saturday1      
,,augu/ #ba1 #aheb4   ,,price #a-a_/b;d4
     ,,:o ,,%all ,,rule ,,! ,,waves8    
,a conte/ ( a v rem>kable k9d is n[ go+ 
on1 "o :i* is pregnant ) important      
results 9 respect to comm]ce1 to naval  
ar*itecture1 to geographical discov]y1  
to colonisation1 to ! spread (          
intellig5ce1 to ! improvem5t ( indu/rial
 art1 & to ! balance ( political p[]    
among nations4 ,! nature ( ?is conte/ _c
 be bett] made intelligible ?an by giv+ 
! words ( a *all5ge rec5tly put =?3 ',! 
,am]ican ,navigation ,company *all5ge ! 
%ip-build]s ( ,great ,brita9 to a       
%ip-race1 ) c>go on bo>d1 f a port 9    
,engl& to a port 9 ,*9a & back4 ,"o %ip 
to be ent]$ by ea* p>ty1 & to be nam$ )9
 a week ( ! />t4 ,! %ips to be modell$1 
comm&$1 & (fic]$ entirely by citiz5s ( !

 ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita9         
respectively2 to be entitl$ to rank ,a  
#a ei!r at ! ,am]ican (fices or at      
,lloyd's4 ,! /akes to be ,l4#aj1jjj1 &  
satisfactorily secur$ by bo? p>ties2 to 
be paid )\t reg>d to accid5ts1 or to any
 exceptions2 ! :ole am\nt =feit$ by ei!r
 p>ty n appe>+4 ,judges to be mutually  
*os54 ,reasonable "t to be giv5 aft]    
notice ( acceptance1 to build ! %ips1 if
 requir$1 & also = dis*>g+ & load+ c>go 
9 ,*9a4 ,! *all5g$ p>ty may "n ! size ( 
! %ips--n "u #hjj nor ov] #abjj ,am]ican
 regi/] tons2 ! weight & measurem5t :i* 
may be c>ri$ ea* way2 & ! all[ance =    
%ort weight or ov]size4'  ,!re is a     
boldness1 a /raight=w>dness1 an hone/y 9
 ?is *all5ge1 :i* _c be mi/ak54 ,x is   
difficult to be int]pret$ 9 any o!r s5se
 ?an t ! *all5g]s mean :at !y say4      
,bro!r ,jona?an has fairly ?r[n d[n !   
gauntlet to ! ,briti%]s1 & x behoves !  
latt] to take x up 9 a becom+ _s4 ,our  
%ip-build]s1 especially on ! ,dee1 !    
,clyde1 ! ,we>1 ! ,m]sey1 & ! ,?ames1   

ought to feel t mu* is n[ expect$ f !m2 
= if once ! ,yankees obta9 a            
reputation--a ,european reputation x w  
!n be--= out/ripp+ ,briti% %ips on !    
broad seas1 our %ip-own]s w assur$ly    
feel ! effects 9 a comm]cial s5se4  ,?is
 "q ( ! spe$ ( %ips is a v curi\s "o4   
,empirical rules1 r ?an sci5tific       
pr9ciples1 h hi!rto det]m9$ ! =ms :i*   
%all be giv5 to %ips4 ,smi? adopts a    
c]ta9 =m because ,br[n's %ip sail$ well1
 :]eas ,jones's diff]5tly %ap$ vessel 0 
a bad sail]2 al?\gh ,smi?1 ,br[n1 &     
,jones collectively may be little able  
to %ew :y "o ( ! vessels %\ld sail bett]
 ?an ! o!r4  ,if opportunity %\ld occur 
to ! read] to visit a l>ge %ip-build+   
e/abli%m5t1 su* z ^? on any "o ( ! five 
riv]s nam$ above1 he w see some?+ l !   
foll[+ r\t9e ( op]ation go+ on3--  ,!re 
is1 fir/1 ! '%ip's draughtsman1' ^:     
duties are some:at analog\s to ^? ( !   
ar*itect ( a h\se1 or ! eng9e] ( a      
railway1 or ! sci5tific cutt] at a      
fa%ionable tailor's3 he has to %ape !   

mat]ials out ( :i* ! /ructure is to be  
built up1 or at lea/ he has to %ew o!rs 
h[ x is to be done4 ,:5 ! %ip-build] has
 receiv$ an ord]1 we w say1 to con/ruct 
a %ip1 & has asc]ta9$ = :at r\te1 & =   
:at purpose1 & ( :at size x is to be1 he
 & 8 %ip's draughtsman 'lay _! heads    
toge!r' to devise su* an arrangem5t (   
timb]s z w meet ! requirem5ts ( ! case4 
,"h x is t a sci5ce ( %ip-build+ w\ld be
 valuable2 ! practical rules foll[$ are 
d$uctions n s mu* f g5]al pr9ciples z f 
accumulat$ facts :i* are wait+ to be    
sy/ematis$2 & until ?is process has be5 
c>ri$ fur!r1 %ip-build+ w be an art1 b n
 a sci5ce4 ,well1 !n2 ! draughtsman1    
ga!r+ up all ! crumbs ( k obta9able f   
v>i\s qu>t]s1 puts 8 wisdom ^u pap] 9 ! 
=m ( draw+s & diagrams1 to repres5t n   
only ! dim5sions ( ! vessel1 b ! sizes &
 %apes ( ! pr9cipal timb]s :i* are to =m
 x1 on ! scale1 p]haps1 ( a qu>t] ( an  
in* to a foot4 ,!n ?is v responsible    
p]sonage goes to 8 'm\ld-l(t1' on !     
wide-spread+ floor ( :i* he *alks su* a 

labyr9? ( l9es z bewild] "o ev5 to look 
at4 ,^! l9es repres5t ! actual sizes &  
%apes ( ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! %ip1 )       
curvatures & tap]+s ( s+ul>ly v>i$ "*4  
,"o floor ( "o room ?us conta9s         
full-siz$ cont\rs ( all ! timb]s = !    
%ip4  ,s f>1 !n1 ! draughtsman4 ,next1  
"u 8 sup]vision1 ?9 planks ( deal are   
cut to ! cont\rs ( all ^! *alk-l9es2 &  
^! ?9 pieces1 call$ m\lds1 are int5d$ to
 guide ! sawy]s 9 cutt+ ! timb]s = !    
%ip4 ,a l>ge ,ea/ ,indiaman requires m  
?an a hundr$ m\ld-pieces1 *alk$ & m>k$ 9
 e direction4  ,ano!r skilful p]sonage1 
call$ ! 'conv]t]1' !n makes a t\r ( !   
timb]-y>d1 & looks ab\t = all ! odd1    
crook$1 crabb$ trunks ( oak & elm :i* he
 c f9d2 well kn[+ t if ! natural        
curvature ( a tree accords some:at ) !  
requir$ curvature ( a %ip's timb]1 !    
timb] w be /rong] ?an if cut f a /raight
 trunk4 ,he has ! m\ld-pieces = a guide1
 & se>*es until he has f]ret$ out all ! 
timb]s want$4 ,!n he sets ! sawy]s to   
"w1 :o1 ) ! m\ld-pieces always at h&1   

%ape ! l>ge trunks to ! requir$ =m4 ,&  
"h x may be not$ z a rem>kable fact1 t  
al?\gh we live 9 su* a /eam-eng9e &     
ma*9e-work+ age1 v few eng9es or ma*9es 
af=d aid 9 saw+ %ips' timb]s4 ,! tru?   
seems to be1 t ! curvatures are s num]\s
 & v>i$1 t ma*9e-saw+ w\ld sc>cely be   
applicable4 ,yet attempts are f "t to "t
 made to con/ruct su* ma*9es4 ,mr       
,co*ran has inv5t$ "o2 & x is said t at 
! ,e>l ( ,rosse's fir/ soire z presid5t 
( ! ,royal ,society1 a model ( ?is      
timb]-cutt+ ma*9e 0 exhibit$2 t ,pr9ce  
,alb]t cut a m9iature timb] ) x2 & t he 
?us began an appr5tice%ip to ! national 
art ( %ip-build+4  ,leav+ ! suppos$     
visitor to a %ip-y>d to trace ! timb]s  
?r\gh all _! /ages ( progress1 we w     
proce$ ) t :i* is m directly ! object ( 
! pres5t pap]--namely1 ! relation ( spe$
 to build4 ,"s sixte5 or eighte5 ye>s   
ago1 ! ,briti% ,association rightly     
conceiv$ t its ,me*anical ,section w\ld 
be wor?ily occupi$ 9 an inquiry conc]n+ 
! =ms ( %ips1 & ! effect ( =m on ! spe$ 

& /ead9ess4 ,! inquiry 0 intru/$ to ,mr 
,scott ,russell & ,mr 7aft]w>ds ,sir    
,john7 ,robison2 & admirably has x be5  
c>ri$ out4 ,mr ,scott ,russell1         
especially1 has s\ght to e/abli% some?+ 
l a sci5ce ( =m 9 %ip-build+--precisely 
! ?+ :i* w\ld supply a prop] basis = !  
artific]s4  ,x is int]e/+ to see h[1 ye>
 aft] ye>1 ?is committee ( two p]sons   
n>rat$ ! result ( _! unb\ght & unpaid   
lab\rs to ! ,association4 ,9 #ahch &    
#ahci1 !y %ew$ h[ a solid mov+ 9 ! wat] 
produc$ a p>ticul> k9d ( wave2 h[1 at a 
c]ta9 velocity1 ! solid might ride on ! 
top ( ! wave1 )\t s9k+ into ! holl[2 h[1
 if ! ext]nal =m ( a vessel bore a c]ta9
 resemblance to a section ( ?is wave1 ! 
%ip w\ld enc\nt] less resi/ance 9 ! wat]
 ?an any o!r =m2 & ?us orig9at$ ! wave  
pr9ciple--s mu* talk$ ( 9 connection )  
%ip-build+4 ,a %ip built on t pr9ciple 9
 t ye> 7#ahci7 0 believ$ to be ! fa/e/  
%ip 9 ,brita94 ,9 #ahdj1 ! committee    
/at$ t !y _h 'consult$ ! mo/ em95t      
%ip-build]s z to ! po9ts ^u :i* !y mo/  

want$ in=mation1 & reque/$ !m to po9t   
out :at 7 ! =ms ( vessel :i* !y w\ld wi%
 to h tri$4 ,m ?an #ajj models ( vessels
 ( v>i\s sizes1 f #cj in*es to #be feet 
9 l5g?1 7 con/ruct$1' & an imm5se mass (
 exp]im5ts 7 made on !m4 ,9 #ahda1 !y   
describ$ h[ !y _h exp]im5t$ on vessels (
 e size1 f models ( #cj in*es 9 l5g? to 
vessels ( #acjj tons4 ,9 ! next foll[+  
ye>1 ! committee pres5t$ a report ( no  
few] ?an #bj1jjj exp]im5ts on models &  
%ips1 "s ( :i* af=d$ rem>kable          
confirmation ( ! effici5cy ( ! wave     
pr9ciple 9 %ip-build+4 ,?us ! committee 
w5t on1 ye> aft] ye>1 detail+ to !      
,association ! results ( _! exp]im5ts1 &
 po9t+ out h[ ! %ip-build]s 7 by degrees
 giv+ practical value to ^! results4    
,n[1 a c\ntry 9 :i* a sci5tific society 
w sp5d a ?\s& p\nds on su* an inquiry1 &
 9 :i* sci5tific m5 w give up days &    
weeks ( _! "t to x )\t fee or rew>d1    
ought n to be beat5 on ! broad seas by  
any competitor4 ,x af=ds an in/ructive  
confirmation ( ! results arriv$ at by ! 

committee1 t :5 "s ( our swifte/ ya*ts &
 clipp]s came to be c>efully exam9$1 x 0
 f\nd t ! wave pr9ciple _h be5 to a     
great ext5t adopt$ 9 _! =m1 9 cases ev5 
:]e ! vessels 7 built be=e ! lab\rs ( ! 
committee _h comm5c$4 ,! art _h 9 ?is   
case prec$$ ! sci5ce4 ,& let x n be     
consid]$ t any absurdity is involv$ "h3 
f>m]s manur$ _! fields long be=e *emi/s 
7 able to expla9 ! real nature ( manur+2
 & s 9 o!r arts1 +5i\s practical m5 (t5 
discov] useful processes be=e ! m5 (    
sci5ce c give ! rationale ( ^?          
processes4  ,x may be all v well to     
ass]t1 t ',britannia rules ! waves1' & t
 ',britons nev] w be slaves1' & s =?2   
only let u prove ! ass]tions to be true1
 or n ass]t at all4 ,we mu/ appeal to ! 
',%ipp+ ,intellig5ce' :i* comes to h& f 
e side1 & det]m9e1 f actual facts1 :e!r 
any "o c\ntry really outsails ano!r4    
,among ! facts :i* ?us pres5t !mselves  
to notice1 is "o relat+ to clipp]s4 ,:o 
fir/ gave ! "n ( clipp] to a %ip1 or :at
 ! "n means1 we d n "k2 b a clipp] is   

und]/ood to be a vessel s %ap$ z to sail
 fa/] ?an o!r vessels ( equal tonnage4  
,x is said t ^! swift sail]s orig9at$ 9 
! wants ( ! salmon %ipp]s1 & o!rs at our
 ea/]n ports4 ,a bulky1 sl[-mov+ %ip may
 suffice = ! conveyance to ,london ( !  
m9]als & manufactures ( ,nor?umb]l& &   
,durham2 b salmon & o!r p]i%able        
articles become s]i\sly det]iorat$ by a 
long voyage2 & h5ce x is pr(itable 9 su*
 case to sacrifice bulk to spe$4 ,lei?1 
,dundee1 & especially ,ab]de51 are      
di/+ui%$ = ! spe$ ( _! vessels above ^? 
( ! ,tyne & ! ,we>2 & ! above facts     
probably expla9 ! cause ( ! diff]5ce4 ,!
 ,ab]de5 clipp] is n>r[1 v ke5 &        
p5etrat+ 9 front1 gracefully tap]+ at ! 
/]n1 & altoge!r calculat$ to 'g ahead'  
?r\gh ! wat] 9 rapid /yle4 ,z comp>$ )  
"o ( ! ord9>y old-fa%ion$ ,engli% coa/+ 
brigs ( equal tonnage1 an ,ab]de5 clipp]
 w atta9 ne>ly d\ble ! spe$4 ,"o ( ^!   
f9e vessels1 ! ,*rysolite1 9 a rec5t    
voyage f ,*9a1 trav]s$ #cbj nautical    
miles 7ne>ly #cgj ,engli% /atute miles7 

9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs3 ?is 0 a great         
p]=mance4 ,b x mu/ n be =gott51 t !     
,unit$ ,/ates claim to h atta9$ a high  
%ip-spe$ be=e ,engl& _h ?\ght mu* on !  
matt]2 ! ,baltimore clipp]s h long be5  
kn[n on ! o!r side ( ! ,atlantic z da%+1
 rapid1 little vessels1 mo/ly ei!r s+le 
or d\ble-ma/$4  ,x is to ! op5+ ( ! ,*9a
 trade ! pres5t wond]ful rivalry may 9  
great "p be attribut$4 ,s long z        
,european vessels 7 coop$ up /agnantly 9
 ,canton riv]1 & all[$ to trade only "u 
circum/ances ( great re/riction &       
annoyance1 little 0 effect$ except by ! 
tea-dr9k+ d5iz5s ( ,great ,brita92 b :51
 by ! treaty ( ,nank9 9 #ahdb1 ,sir     
,h5ry ,pott+] obta9$ ! op5+ ( ! f\r     
ports ( ,amoy1 ,foo-t*[-foo1 ,n+-po1 &  
,%ang-hae1 & /ipulat$ t =eign vessels   
%\ld be all[$ to %>e ) ^? ( ,engl& !    
lib]ty ( trad+ at ^? ports1 !re 0 a     
great impetus giv5 to %ip-build]s &     
%ip-own]s3 ^? :o _h goods to sell1 ?us  
f\nd a new m>ket = !m2 & ^? :o c\ld p]=m
 ! voyage mo/ quickly1 w\ld h a quick]  

return = _! capital4 ,?is1 foll[+ at an 
int]val ( sev5 or eight ye>s ! *anges   
made 9 ! ,india trade by ! ,ea/ ,india  
,company's *>t] ( #ahcd1 br\ght !       
,am]icans & ! ,fr5* & o!rs into !       
,indian seas 9 great numb]s4 ,!n came ! 
wond]s ( #ahdg1 9 ! discov]y (          
,cali=nian gold2 & ^? ( #ahea1 9 !      
simil> discov]ies 9 ,au/ralia4  ,n[1 ^! 
f\r dates--#ahcd1 #ahdb1 #ahdg1         
#ahea--may be consid]$ z f\r />t+-po9ts1
 ea* m>k$ by a r5ew$ conque/ ( man ov] !
 waves1 & a /r5g!n$ b n ho/ile rivalry  
on ! seas betwe5 nation & nation4 ,s _m 
inducem5ts are n[ af=d$ to m]*ants to   
transact _! deal+s rapidly1 t !         
%ip-build]s are beset on all sides )    
dem&s = m spe$--m spe$2 & x is          
significant to obs]ve t1 9 almo/ e rec5t
 newspap] acc\nt ( a %ip-laun*1 we are  
told h[ _m knots an h\r %e is expect$ to
 atta9 :5 fitt$4 ,e %ip seems to beat e 
o!r %ip1 9 ! gl[+ language employ$2 b   
aft] mak+ a little all[ance = local     
vanity1 !re is a sub/ratum ( correctness

 :i* %ews /rongly h[ we are advanc+ 9   
rate ( spe$4  ,x w really n[ become     
useful to collect & pres]ve records (   
spe$ at sea1 9 connection ) p>ticul>    
%ips ( p>ticul> build1 z a guide to     
future con/ruction4 ,mr ,h5ry ,wise     
publi%$ a volume ab\t #ahdj1 conta9+ an 
analysis ( "o hundr$ voyages1 made by   
%ips belong+ to ! ,ea/ ,india ,company1 
extract$ f ! %ips' logs pres]v$ by !    
,company4 ,x appe>s t an av]age gave    
#aab days z ! duration ( a voyage f     
,london to ,bombay4 ,n[1 )9 ! la/ few   
mon?s we h se5 t ! ,*rysolite1 a small  
clipp]1 built at ,ab]de5 = a ,liv]pool  
firm1 has made ! run f ,engl& to ,*9a 9 
#ajd days2 & ! ,/orn[ay1 built at ! same
 place = a ,london firm1 has accompli%$ 
! di/ance 9 #ajc days4 ,let ! read] op5 
8 map1 & comp>e ! relative di/ances (   
,bombay & ,*9a f ,engl&1 & he w !n see  
:at a wond]ful increase ( spe$ is impli$
 9 ! above numb]s4 ,?ree ,am]ican       
clipp]s 7 sight$ dur+ ! out & home      
voyages ( ! two vessels1 &1 if newspap] 

reports tell truly1 7 di/anc$ by !m4    
,we mu/ n expect t ! va/ & unprec$5t$   
emigration to ,cali=nia & ,au/ralia n[  
go+ on1 w be design$ly & mat]ially      
connect$ ) high spe$1 because mo/ ( !   
emigrants g 9 roomy %ips1 at f>es z l[ z
 are atta9able2 b goods-traffic1 & !    
high] class ( pass5g]-traffic1 are e    
mon? com+ m & m )9 ! doma9 ( high spe$4 
,let u take two in/ances :i* #aheb has  
af=d$1 "o furni%$ by ,engl&1 & "o by    
,am]ica--"o connect$ ) ! ,au/ralian     
trade1 & "o ) ! ,*9ese4 ,! ,ab]de5      
clipp]-built b>que1 ,pho5ician1 arriv$  
at ,plym\? on ,febru>y #c1 hav+ left    
,sydney on ,novemb] #ab1 & p]=m$ !      
voyage 9 #hc days6 ,h] previ\s voyages  
_h v>i$ f #hh to #ajc days4 ,! o!r      
in/ance is t ( ! ,am]ican clipp]1 ,wit* 
( ! ,wave1 a f9e vessel ( #adjj tons    
burd51 :i* left ,canton on #e? ,janu>y1 
& arriv$ 9 ! ,d[ns on #d? ,april1 a     
p]iod ( #ij days4 ,h] greate/ spe$ is   
said to h be5 #cch nautical             
miles--equival5t to ab\t #chi ,engli%   

miles--9 #bd h\rs4  ,?us x is1 we f9d1 t
 9 "o voyage we beat ! ,am]icans--9     
ano!r1 !y out/rip u2 & !re seems at     
pres5t no reason :y ei!r c\ntry %\ld    
fail 9 mak+ /ill fur!r advances4 ,!     
,liv]pool & ,new ,york packet-trade     
af=ds ano!r example ( ! same pr9ciple   
:i* we h be5 consid]+2 gradually ^!     
truly noble vessels are acquir+ an      
increas$ rate ( spe$4 ,n only does !    
g5]al desire = high spe$ impel _! own]s 
to ?is1 b !re is a m direct inc5tive 9 !
 increas$ rivalry ( /eam-vessels4 ,!    
,am]ican 'l9]s1' z ! sail+-packets on   
?is r\te are usually call$1 h _h 9 pa/  
ye>s an av]age ( ab\t #cf days outw>d   
passage1 & #bd days homew>d2 b !y are n[
 %oot+ ahead unmi/akably4 ,! ,rac]1     
built at ,new ,york 9 #ahea1 & plac$ ^u 
! ,liv]pool /ation1 is a magnific5t     
clipp] ( #agjj tons regi/]2 x made its  
fir/ voyage f ,new ,york to ,liv]pool 9 
#ad days--a quickness n only exce$+ t ( 
its pr$ecessors1 b leav+ ne>ly all ( !m 
_m days 9 arre>4 ,ev5 ?is1 h[ev]1 0     

%ortly aft]w>ds excell$2 = ano!r new    
clipp]1 ! ,wa%+ton1 accompli%$ ! di/ance
 9 a little ov] #ac-a_/b days4  ,!      
pleasure-vessels :i* are s num]\s 9 !   
s\? ( ,engl&1 belong+ to ! sev]al       
ya*t-clubs1 are %>+ 9 ! mod]n           
spe$-produc+ improvem5ts obs]vable 9 o!r
 vessels4 ,e "o has he>d ( ! ya*t       
,am]ica1 :i* arriv$ at ,c[es f ! ,unit$ 
,/ates 9 ,july #ahea1 & ( ! *all5ge :i* 
h] own]s ?rew out aga9/ ,engli%         
ya*t-own]s4 ,e "o kn[s t ! ,am]ica beat 
! ya*ts :i* 7 fitt$ aga9/ h]4 ,?is      
victory has l$ to an imm5se activity on 
! "p ( ya*t-build]s 9 ,engl&2 !y are    
/udy+ all ! peculi>ities 9 ! build & !  
trim ( ! ya*ts belong+ to ! diff]5t     
ports & diff]5t c\ntries2 & we are      
ju/ifi$ by e analogy 9 expect+1 t good  
results w spr+ out ( wits ?us %>p5$4    
,al?\gh we h n deem$ x necess>y 9 !     
pres5t pap] to t\* on ! national /ruggle
 betwe5 /eam-%ips1 we mu/ n =get t "o ( 
! mo/ promis+ & valuable features 9 /eam
 navigation arose z an app5dage to      

sail+4 ,! auxili>y screw w des]ve !     
bless+s ( our coloni/s1 = reasons :i*   
may be soon told4 ,:5 x 0 yet unc]ta9   
:at result w\ld m>k ! conte/ ,screw v4  
,paddle1 x 0 sugge/$ t ! screw-propell] 
might probably be us$ z an auxili>y p[]1
 = occasional use dur+ calms & contr>y  
w9ds2 ! vessel to be a sail+-vessel "u  
ord9>y circum/ances2 b to h a m>9e eng9e
 & a screw = exig5cies at times :5 ! %ip
 w\ld be br\ght to a /&-/ill or ev5     
driv5 backw>ds4 ,ab\t sev5 ye>s ago1 an 
,am]ican packet-%ip1 ! ,massa*usetts1 a 
complete sail+-vessel 9 o!r respects1 0 
provid$ ) a screw & a /eam-eng9e p[]ful 
en\gh to keep ! %ip mov+ :5 w9ds & tides
 7 adv]se2 ! screw 0 capable ( be+ lift$
 out ( ! wat] :5 n 9 use4 ,9 h] fir/    
voyage f ,liv]pool to ,am]ica1 ?is %ip  
ga9$ f five to ?irte5 days z comp>$ )   
five o!r %ips :i* sail$ ei!r on ! same  
or ! foll[+ day4 ,?is exp]im5t 0 deem$ s
 f> successful1 t ! ,admiralty ord]$1 9 
#ahdf1 an auxili>y screw to be fitt$ to 
! ,amphion frigate1 !n build+ at        

,woolwi*4 ,ano!r example 0 ! ,s>ah ,s&s1
 an iron %ip ( #acjj tons2 %e _h eng9es 
( #ahj horse-p[]1 mu* bel[ t requisite =
 an ord9>y /eam] ( ! same size4 ,%e c\ld
 c>ry ?ree classes ( pass5g]s1 coal = ! 
:ole voyage1 & #ijj tons ( m]*&ise4 ,%e 
made f\r voyages 9 #ahdg1 two out & two 
home2 & 9 #ahdh %e made five3 h] av]age 
"t 0 ab\t n9ete5 days out1 & sev5te5    
days home1 & %e usually pass$ ab\t six  
l9]s on ! voyage4  ,! spe$ "h m5tion$ is
 n q equal to t ( ! truly rem>kable     
clipp]s notic$ above1 b x f> exce$$ t ( 
any l9] at "w 9 #ahdh4 ,! example 0     
foll[$ 9 o!r vessels2 & !n m5 began to  
*]i% ! vision ( a propell] screw+ its   
way ?r\gh ! broad ocean to our di/ant   
colonies4 ,f ?is humble beg9n+ z an     
auxili>y1 ! screw has obta9$ a place ( m
 & m dignity1 until at l5g? we see !    
mails = ! ,cape & = ,au/ralia intru/$   
confid5tly to its safe-keep+4  ,! icy   
regions ( ! nor? are brav$ by ! auxili>y
 screw4 ,! little ,isabel1 fitt$ out    
almo/ entirely at ! exp5se ( ,lady      

,frankl9 to aid 9 ! se>* = h] gallant   
husb&1 is a brigant9e ( #ahj tons1 ) an 
auxili>y screw to %ip & un%ip4 ,!       
,intrepid & ! ,pione]1 ! two            
screw-/eam]s :i* =m "p ( ,sir ,edw>d    
,bel*]'s arctic exp$ition--lately />t$ f
 ,engl&--are to "w ) or )\t _! auxili>y 
app5dage z circum/ances may det]m9e4  ,!
 pres5t article1 h[ev]1 w %ew t sail+ is
 n less alive & busy ?an /eam+2 & t !   
ya*ts & clipp]s ( bo? nations are       
probably de/9$ to a cont9u\s s]ies (    
improvem5ts4 ,:5 ^! improvem5ts--:e!r by
 aid ( sci5tific societies & labori\s   
exp]im5ts1 or by ! wat*ful eye & ! %rewd
 intellig5ce ( %ip-build]s1 or by bo?   
comb9$--h advanc$ /eadily to a po9t     
p]haps f> beyond t :i* we h yet atta9$1 
!n1 if at all1 may we tr\ble ourselves  
ab\t ! "q--',:o %all rule ! waves8'     
,,numb] ,,n9ete5 ,,9 ,,our ,,/reet4     
,numb] ,n9ete5 9 our /reet is a gloomy  
h\se1 ) a bli/]$ door & a cav]n\s /ep2 )
 a hungry area & a desolate frontage4 ,!
 w9d[s are l prison-slips1 only a trifle

 d>k]1 & a good deal dirti]2 & !        
kit*5-(fices might /& proxies = ! ,black
 ,hole ( ,calcutta1 b>r+ ! company & !  
w>m?4 ,= z to company1 black beetles1   
mice1 & r$ ants1 are all t are ev] se5 (
 animat$ nature !re1 & ! !rmomet] r>ely 
/&s above freez+-po9t4 ,numb] ,n9ete5 is
 a lodg+-h\se1 kept by a poor old maid1 
^: only fri5d is h] cat1 & ^: only heirs
 w be ! p>i%4 ,) ! outw>d _w1 except+   
su* z sl[ly filt] ?r\gh ! ru/y op5+ ( ! 
bli/]$ door1 ,miss ,rebecca ,spong has  
long ceas$ to h deal+s4 ,%e hangs a     
c]ta9 piece ( c>dbo>d1 ) ',lodg+s to    
,let1' pr9t$ 9 s*ool-girl pr9t1         
unconsci\s ( /raight l9es1 across x2 &  
?is act ( public notification1 c\pl$ )  
anxi\s peep+s ov] ! bl9ds ( ! p>l\r     
front1 is all ! int]c\rse :i* %e & ! _w 
( m5 hold toge!r4 ,e n[ & !n1 inde$1 a  
mangy cab may be se5 driv+ up to h]     
worn-out /ep2 & d+y individuals1 ( ! k9d
 :o travel ab\t ) small squ>e boxes1    
cov]$ ) m>bl$ pap]1 & secur$ ) knott$   
cords ( diff]5t sizes1 may be witness$  

tak+ possession ( ,n9ete51 9 a melan*oly
 & my/]i\s way4 ,b ev5 ^! visitations1  
unsatisfactory z mo/ lodg+-h\se keep]s  
w\ld consid] !m1 are few & f> betwe52 = 
someh[ ! p :o come & g nev] seem to h   
any fri5ds or relations :]eby ,miss     
,spong may improve h] 'connection4' ,y  
nev] see ! po/man /op at t desolate     
door2 y nev] he> a visitor's knock on t 
ru/y lion's head2 no unnecess>y traffic 
( social life ev] takes place beh9d ^?  
du/y bl9ds2 x might be ! home ( a select
 p>ty ( ,trappi/s1 or ! fav\rite        
hid+-place ( co9]s1 = all ! sun%9e (    
ext]nal humanity t is suff]$ to ent] ^? 
int]ior recesses4 ,if a murd] _h be5    
committ$ 9 e room1 f ! attics to !      
cell>1 a heavi] spell ( solitude &      
desolation c\ld n re/ on its floors4    
,"o dre>y aft]noon 9 ,novemb]1 a cab    
/opp$ at ,numb] ,n9ete54 ,x 0 a railway 
cab1 less worn & gha/ly ?an ^? vehicles 
9 g5]al1 b n br++ mu* evid5ce ( gaiety  
or weal? = all t4 ,its inmates 7 a wid[ 
& a boy ( ab\t fifte52 & all !          

possessions !y _h ) !m 7 conta9$ 9 "o   
trunk ( v mod]ate dim5sions1 a cage ) a 
can>y bird twitt]+ inside1 "s pots (    
fl[]s1 & a little :ite rabbit1 "o ( !   
comical 'lop-e>$' k9d4 ,!re 0 some?+ v  
t\*+ 9 ^! evid5ces ( ! fre% c\ntry life 
:i* !y _h left = ! dull atmosph]e &     
/eam+ fogs ( ! metropolis4 ,!y told a   
sad tale ( old associations brok51 & old
 loves =sworn2 ( days ( com=t &         
prosp]ity ex*ang$ = ! dre>9ess ( pov]ty2
 & fre$om1 love1 & happ9ess1 all snapp$ 
asund] = ! lead5 *a9 ( suff]+ to be =g$ 
in/ead4 ,"o c\ld n help ?9k+ ( all ^?   
two hapless p mu/ h gone ?r\gh be=e !y  
c\ld h summon$ c\rage to leave _! own   
de> village1 :]e !y _h liv$ s _m ye>s 9 
t local hon\rabl5ess ( ! cl]gyman's     
family2 ?r[+ !mselves out ( ! society   
:i* knew & lov$ !m1 t !y might ent] a   
h>% _w1 :]e !y mu/ make _! own position1
 & e>n _! own liv+1 unaid$ by sympa?y1  
hon\r1 or affection4 ,!y look$ z if !y  
!mselves ?\ght some?+ ( ?is too1 :5 !y  
took possession ( ! desolate second     

floor2 & ! wid[ sat d[n ne> h] son1 &   
tak+ 8 h& 9 h]s1 gave v5t to a flood (  
te>s1 :i* end$ by unmann+ ! boy z well4 
,& !n !y %ut up ! w9d[ c>efully1 & no?+ 
m 0 se5 ( !m t night4  ,mrs ,lawson1 !  
wid[1 0 a mild1 lady-l p]son1 ^: face   
bore ! m>ks ( rec5t affliction1 & ^:    
:ole appe>ance & mann]s 7 ^? ( a lov+1  
g5tle1 un5]getic1 & helpless woman1 :om 
sorr[ c\ld well cru% beyond all p[] (   
resi/ance4 ,! boy 0 a tall1 ?9 y\?1 ) a 
hectic flu% & a holl[ c\gh1 eyes bright 
& re/less1 & z manife/ly n]v\s z 8 "m 0 
! rev]se 9 temp]am5t--anxi\s & re/less1 
& cont9ually tax+ 8 /r5g? beyond its    
p[]1 mak+ himself s]i\sly ill 9 8       
endeav\rs to save 8 belov$ "m "s small  
tr\ble4 ,!y seem$ to be v t5d]ly atta*$ 
"o to ! o!r1 & to supply to ea* all t 0 
want+ 9 ea*3 ! "m's g5tl5ess soo?+ d[n  
h] boy's excitability1 & ! boy's        
n]v\sness r\s+ ! "m to ex]tion4 ,!y 7   
int]e/+ p--s lonely1 app>5tly s unfit to
 'r\gh x' 9 ! _w2 ! "m s g5tle 9 temp]1 
& ! son s frail 9 con/itution--two p :o 

ought to h be5 protect$ f all ill & all 
c>es1 yet :o _h su* a bitt] cup to      
empty1 su* a h>% fate to fulfil4  ,!y 7 
v poor4 ,! "m us$ to g out ) a small    
basket on h] arm1 :i* c\ld hold b scanty
 supplies = two full-gr[n p4 ,yet ?is 0 
! only /ore !y _h2 = no bak]1 no but*]1 
no milkman1 groc]1 or p\lt]]1 ev] /opp$ 
at ! area gate ( ,miss ,rebecca ,spong2 
no purveyor ( high] grade ?an a         
cat's-meat-man 0 ev] se5 to h&          
provisions into ! dep?s ( ,numb]        
,n9ete5's d>kness4 ,! old maid h]self 0 
poor2 & %e1 too1 us$ to d h] m>ket+ on !
 basket pr9ciple2 c>ry+ home1 g5]ally at
 night1 odd scraps f ! op5 /alls 9      
,tott5ham ,c\rt-,road1 :i* %e _h pick$  
up z b>ga9s2 & divid+ equally betwe5    
h]self & h] fagg$ s]vant-(-all-"w !     
wret*$ meal :i* w\ld n h be5 too ample =
 "o4 ,%e !re=e c\ld n help h] lodg]s1 & 
!y all scrambl$ on ov] ! desolate places
 ( pov]ty z !y be/ might4 ,9 g5]al1 tea1
 sug>1 bread1 a little rice1 a little   
c(fee z a *ange1 a scrap ( butt] :i* no 

c[ t ev] yield$ milk w\ld h             
ackn[l$g$--^! 7 ! usual items ( ,mrs    
,lawson's m>ket+1 on :i* %e & h] "y son 
7 to be n\ri%$4 ,& on su* poor f>e z ?is
 0 t pale boy expect$ to become a he>ty 
man8 ,! "m c\ld n1 did n expect x4 ,else
 :y 7 ! te>s 9 h] eyes s (t5 z %e       
return$8 & :y did %e hang ov] h] son1 & 
c>ess him fondly1 z if 9 deprecation1 :5
 %e br\ght him 8 wret*$ meal1 seem+ to  
lam5t1 to blame h]self1 too1 t %e _h n  
be5 able to provide him any?+ bett]8    
,poor ?+s6 poor ?+s6  ,mrs ,lawson seem$
 at la/ to get "s employm5t4 ,%e _h be5 
seek+ = x long--to judge by h] frequ5t  
abs5ces f home1 & ! we>y look (         
disappo9tm5t %e wore :5 %e return$4 ,b  
at la/ ! op5+ 0 f\nd1 & %e set to "w 9  
e>ne/4 ,%e us$ to g out e>ly 9 ! morn+1 
& n return until late 9 ! ev5+1 & !n %e 
look$ pale & tir$1 z "o ^: en]gies _h   
be5 ov]task$ all ! day2 b %e _h f\nd no 
gold-m9e4 ,! scanty meals 7 ev5 scanti] 
?an be=e1 & h] %abby m\rn+ 0 gett+      
%abbi] & dull]4 ,%e 0 evid5tly h>d-work$

 = v little pay2 & _! condition 0 n     
improv$1 only su/a9$ by h] ex]tions4    
,?+s seem$ to be v bad ) !m altoge!r1 & 
) little hope ( am5dm5t2 = poor ,mrs    
,lawson _h be5 'br\ght up z a lady1' & s
 0 d\bly incapable--by education z well 
z by temp]am5t--( ga9+ h] own liv+4 ,%e 
0 n[ employ$ z daily gov]ness 9 ! family
 ( a city tradesman--p1 :o ?\gh !y 7    
k9dly-natur$ en\gh1 _h z mu* z !y c\ld d
 9 keep+ _! own =tunes afloat )\t giv+  
any sub/antial aid to o!rs1 & :o _h     
!re=e engag$ h] at ! l[e/ possible      
sal>y1 su* z 0 b>ely suffici5t to keep  
h] & h] son f absolute want4  ,! boy _h 
long be5 v busy4 ,he us$ to sit by !    
w9d[ all ! day1 e>ne/ly employ$ ) pap] &
 scissors2 & ,i wond]$ :at fasc9at+     
occupation he _h f\nd to *a9 him = s _m 
h\rs by ^? *9ks & draughts2 = he 0      
usually envelop$ 9 %awls1 & blankets 7  
hung ab\t 8 *air1 & e t5d] precaution   
tak5 t he %\ld n increase 8 sickness by 
exposure ev5 to ! ord9>y *anges 9 !     
temp]ature ( a dwell+-room4 ,b n[1 9    

spite ( 8 t]rible c\gh1 9 spite ( 8     
hurri$ brea?+1 he us$ to sit = h\rs on  
h\rs by ! dusky w9d[1 cutt+ & cutt+ at t
 et]nal pap]1 z if 8 v life dep5d$ on 8 
task4 ,b he us$ to ga!r up ! cutt+s     
c>efully1 & hide all out ( sight be=e 8 
"m came home--sometimes ne>ly caught    
be=e q prep>$1 :5 he us$ to %ew z mu*   
trepidation z if committ+ a crime4  ,?is
 w5t on = "s "t1 & at la/ he w5t out4 ,x
 0 =tunately a f9e day--a cle>1 cold1   
,janu>y day2 b he _h no soon] brea!d !  
brisk fro/y air ?an a t]rible fit (     
c\gh+ seem$ to ?reat5 8 frail exi/5ce4  
,he did n turn back ?\gh2 & ,i wat*$ him
 sl[ly pass d[n ! /reet1 hold+ on by !  
rails1 & e n[ & !n /opp+ to take brea?4 
,i saw a policeman speak to him 9 a     
grave1 compassionat+ way1 z if--see+ t  
he 0 s "y & feeble1 & s mu* a /rang] t  
he 0 ask+ 8 way to ,ox=d ,/reet1 :ile   
go+ 9 a totally contr>y direction--he 0 
advis+ him to g home1 & to let "s "o    
else d 8 bus9ess--8 fa!r p]haps2 b ! boy
 only smil$1 & %ook 8 head 9 a hopeful  

way2 & s he w5t f my sight1 ?\gh n f my 
?\ghts4  ,?is cont9u$ daily1 sometimes  
,h]b]t br++ home a small quantity (     
money1 sometimes only disappo9tm5t2 & ^!
 7 t]rible trials6 ,at la/1 ! "m 0 made 
acqua9t$ ) h] son's new mode ( life1 by 
! treasur$ #es4 :i* ! poor boy ?ru/ into
 h] h& "o ev5+1 ) a /range %y pride t   
br\ght all ! blood into 8 face1 :ile he 
kiss$ h] ) impetuosity to smo!r h]      
reproa*es4 ,%e ask$ him h[ he _h got s  
mu* money--s mu*6 & !n he told h] h[1   
self-taught1 he _h le>n$ to cut out     
figures--dogs & l&scapes--9 col\r$ pap]1
 :i* he _h tak5 to ! baza>s & /ation]s' 
%ops1 & !re dispos$ (--= a m]e trifle   
truly4 ',= ?is k9d ( ?+ is n fa%ionable1
 "m1 ?\gh ,i ?9k ! ,que5 likes !m1' he  
said2 '& ( c\rse1 if n fa%ionable1 ,i   
c\ld n get v mu* = !m4' ,s he cont5t$   
himself1 & consol$ h]1 = ! small paym5t 
( sixp5ce or a %ill+1 :i* p]haps 0 all  
he c\ld e>n by ?ree or f\r days' "w4  ,!
 "m g5tly blam$ him = 8 imprud5ce 9     
expos+ himself z he _h done to ! wet &  

cold--&1 alas6 ^! _h told sadly on 8    
weak5$ frame2 b ,h]b]t 0 s happy        
to-night1 t %e c\ld n damp 8 pleasure1  
ev5 = mat]nal love2 s %e res]v$ !       
lecture :i* mu/ be giv5 until to-morr[4 
,& !n 8 out-door exp$itions 7           
p]emptorily =bidd52 & ,miss ,spong 0    
call$ up to /r5g!n ! prohibition--:i* %e
 did effectually by (f]+1 9 h] little1  
quick1 n]v\s way1 to take ,h]b]t's      
cutt+s to ! %ops h]self1 & ?us to sp>e  
him ! necessity ( do+ s4 ,poor ,mrs     
,lawson w5t up to ! little woman1 &     
kiss$ h] *eek l a si/]1 z %e spoke2 :ile
 ,miss ,spong1 s utt]ly unus$ z %e _h   
be5 = ye>s to ! smalle/ demon/ration (  
affection1 look$ at fir/ bewild]$ &     
agha/1 & f9ally sank d[n on ! *air 9 a  
*ildi% fit ( cry+4 ,i _c say h[ mu* !   
sight ( t poor little old maid's te>s   
affect$ me6 ,!y seem$ to speak ( su*    
long ye>s ( he>t-lonel9ess--su* lov+    
impulses /rangl$ by ! *ill h& (         
solitude--su* we>y famili>ity ) t       
deadness ( life :]e9 no sympa?y is      

be/[$1 no love awak5$--t ,i felt z "o   
witness+ a dead man recall$ to life1    
aft] all t made life pleasant _h fl$4   
,:at a sorr[ful h\se t ,numb] ,n9ete5 06
 ,f ! desolate s]vant-(-all-"w at h]    
fir/ place f ! ,f\ndl+1 to ! half-/>v$  
,g]man 9 ! attics1 e inmate ( ! h\se    
seem$ to h no?+ b ! bitt] bread (       
affliction to eat--no?+ b ! salt wat]s (
 despair to dr9k4  ,& n[ began ano!r    
epo* 9 ! ,lawson hi/ory1 :i* %$ a sad b 
mo/ beautiful light ov] ! fad+ day ( t  
"y life4  ,a girl ( ab\t f\rte5--%e     
might h be5 a ye> or s y\ng]--0 once s5t
 f "o ( ! /ation]'s %ops to conclude "s 
b>ga9 ) ! sick pap]-cutt]4 ,i saw h]    
sl5d] figure b\nd up ! desolate /eps ) !
 light tread ( y\?1 z if %e _h be5 a    
div9e be+ ent]+ ! home ( human sorr[4   
,%e 0 "o ( ^? sa9tly *ildr5 :o are      
sometimes se5 bloom+ l :ite roses1      
un/a9$ by "t or by contact4 ,h] hair    
hung d[n h] neck 9 long1 loose curls1   
among :i* ! sunlight seem$ to h fairly  
lo/ itself1 !y 7 s gold5 bright2 h] eyes

 7 l>ge1 & ( t deep1 d>k gray :i* is s  
mu* m beautiful1 because s mu* m        
intellectual1 ?an any o!r col\r eyes c  
take2 h] lips 7 fre% & y\?ful2 & h]     
figure _h all t girli% grace ( f\rte5   
:i* comb9es ! unconsci\s innoc5ce ( !   
*ild ) ! exquisite mode/y ( ! maid54 ,%e
 soon became ! daily visitor ( !        
,lawsons--pupil to ,h]b]t4  ,!          
pap]-cutt+ 0 n :olly laid aside ?\gh2 9 
! e>ly morn+1 & 9 ! ev5+1 & (t5 late    
into ! night1 ! ?91 wan f+]s 7 busy ab\t
 _! task2 b ! middle ( ! day 0 snat*$ l 
an h\r ( sleep 9 ! mid/ ( pa9--g>n]$ up 
l a f\nta9 ( sweet wat]s 9 ! wild]ness2 
= !n x 0 t little ,jessie came = h]     
,lat9 lesson1 :i* %e us$ to le>n s well1
 & take su* pleasure 91 & be d\bly      
dilig5t ab\t1 because poor ,h]b]t       
,lawson 0 ill1 & vexation w\ld d him    
h>m4 ,does x seem /range t a /ation]'s  
daught] %\ld be s lovely1 & %\ld le>n   
,lat98 ,& !re ^? two *ildr5 us$ to sit =
 ?ree de> h\rs ( ! day2 %e1 lean+ ov] h]
 book1 h] sweet "y face b5t on h] task )

 a look ( e>ne/ intellectuality 9 x1 t  
made h] l "s sa9t$ maid ( old5 "t2 & he 
wat*+ h] e movem5t1 & li/5+ to e        
syllable1 ) a rapt int]e/ su* z only v  
e>ly y\? c feel4 ,h[ happy he us$ to    
look6 ,h[ 8 face w\ld light5 up1 z if an
 angel's w+ _h swept ov] x1 :5 ! two    
g5tle taps at ! door h]ald$ "y ,jessie6 
,h[ 8 boyi% rev]5ce1 mix$ ) boyi% c>e1  
gave 8 wa/$ features an expression almo/
 une>?ly1 z he hung ov] h] s protect+ly1
 s t5d]ly1 s ador+ly6 ,x 0 s diff]5t f a
 man's love6 ,!re 0 some?+ s exquisitely
 pure & spiritual 9 x--some?+ s         
rev]5tial & s *ivalr\s--x w\ld h be5    
almo/ a s9 to h _h t love gr[ out into a
 man's /rong passion6 ,! fl[]s %e br\ght
 him--& seldom did a day pass )\t a fre%
 supply ( violets1 &1 :5 ! wea!r 0 w>m]1
 ( primroses & c[slips1 f h] g5tle      
h&--all ^! 7 *]i%$ m ?an gold w\ld h be5
 *]i%$2 ! books %e l5t him 7 nev] f 8   
side2 if %e t\*$ "o ( ! paltry ornam5ts 
on ! *imney-piece1 t ornam5t 0 transf]r$
 to 8 own private table2 & ! *air %e us$

 0 always kept ap>t1 & sacr$ to h]      
return4  ,x 0 v beautiful to wat* all ^!
 manife/ations3 = ,i did wat* !m1 fir/ f
 my own w9d[1 !n 9 ! h\se1 9 ! mid/ ( ! 
lonely family1 com=t+ :5 ,i c\ld n aid1 
& %>+ 9 ! griefs ,i c\ld n less54 ,"u ! 
new influ5ce1 ! boy ga9$ su* lovel9ess &
 spiritualism1 t 8 face _h an angelic   
"*1 :i*1 ?\gh x made "y ,jessie feel a  
/range k9d ( lov+ awe = ! sick boy1     
betok5$ to me1 & to 8 "m1 t 8 end 0 n f>
 (f4  ,he 0 n[ too weak to sit up1      
except+ = a small "p ( ! day2 & ,i fe>$ 
t he w\ld soon become too weak to tea*1 
ev5 9 8 g5tle way1 & ) su* a g5tle      
pupil4 ,b ! ,lat9 ex]cises /ill held _! 
place2 ! books ly+ on ! s(a in/ead ( on 
! table1 & ,jessie sitt+ by him on a    
/ool1 :]e he c\ld ov]look h] z %e read3 
?is 0 all ! *ange2 unless1 inde$1 t     
,jessie read al\d m ?an =m]ly1 & n      
always out ( a ,lat9 book4 ,sometimes x 
0 poetry1 & sometimes x 0 ! ,bible t %e 
read to him2 & !n he us$ to /op h]1 &   
p\r =? su* eloqu5t1 su* raptur\s rem>ks 

on :at he he>d1 t ,jessie us$ to sit &  
wat* him l a "y angel hold+ conv]se ) a 
_s4 ,%e 0 beg9n+ to love him v deeply 9 
h] innoc5t1 girli%1 unconsci\s way2 & ,i
 us$ to see h] b\nd+ /ep gr[ sad & heavy
 z1 day by day1 h] bro!r-l tutor seem$  
to be s9k+ f e>? s fa/4  ,?us pass$ !   
w9t]1 poor ,mrs ,lawson toil+ pa9fully  
at h] task1 & ,h]b]t fall+ into dea? 9  
82 b ) su* happ9ess 9 8 he>t z made 8   
suff]+s div9e delights1 & 8 weakness1 ! 
holy /r5g? ( heav54  ,he c\ld d b little
 at 8 pap]-cutt+ n[1 b /ill he p]sev]$2 
& 8 toil 0 well repaid1 too1 :5 he gave 
8 "m ! scanty paym5t :i* he receiv$ at !
 end ( ! week1 & felt t he _h done 8    
be/--t he _h help$ h] =w>d--t he 0 no   
long] an idl] support$ by h] sorr[--b t 
he _h brac$ ! burd5 ( lab\r on to 8 own 
%\ld]s also1 weak z !y 71 & _h tak5 8   
place1 ?\gh dy+1 among ! manful work]s (
 ! _w4 ,jessie br\ght a small weekly    
contribution also1 neatly seal$ up 9    
fair :ite pap]2 & ( ^! crumpl$ scraps   
,h]b]t us$ to cut angels & *]ubs' heads1

 :i* he w\ld sit & look at = h\rs       
toge!r2 & !n he w\ld pray z if 9 a      
trance--s e>ne/ & he>tfelt 0 x--:ile    
te>s ( love1 n grief1 w\ld /ream d[n 8  
face1 z 8 lips mov$ 9 bless+s on t "y   
maid5 *ild4  ,x came at la/4 ,he _h     
f\ght aga9/ x long & bravely2 b dea? is 
a h>d adv]s>y1 & _c be )/ood1 ev5 by !  
/ronge/4 ,x came1 /eal+ ov] him l an    
ev5+ cl\d ov] a />--leav+ him /ill      
beautiful1 :ile blott+ out 8            
light--s(t5+ & purify+1 :ile sl[ly      
oblit]at+ 8 place4 ,day by day1 8       
weakness increas$2 day by day1 8 pale   
h&s grew pal]1 & 8 holl[ *eek m wan4 ,b 
! love 9 8 boy's he>t hung ab\t 8       
sick-b$ z fl[]s t h an et]nal fragrance 
f _! bir?4  ,jessie 0 ev] a daily       
visitor1 ?\gh no long] n[ a s*ol>2 & h] 
pres5ce _h all ! effect ( religion on ! 
boy--he 0 s calm1 & /ill1 & holy1 :ile  
%e 0 !re4 ,:5 %e 0 gone1 he 0 sometimes 
re/less1 ?\gh nev] peevi%2 b he w\ld get
 n]v\s1 & unable to fix 8 m9d on any?+1 
8 sick head turn+ incessantly to ! w9d[1

 z if va9ly wat*+ = a %ad[y hope1 & 8 ?9
 f+]s pluck+ ceaselessly at 8 b$-clo!s1 
9 re/less1 we>y1 unsoo!d sorr[4 ,:ile %e
 sat by him1 h] voice s\nd+ l l[ music 9
 8 e>s1 & h] h&s w&]+ ab\t him 9 a ?\s& 
(fices ( g5tle com=t+1 he 0 l a *ild    
s9k+ s(tly to sleep--a s\l /riv+ upw>d  
to its home1 beckon$ on by ! h&s ( !    
holi] si/] be=e x4  ,& ?us he di$--9 !  
bright spr+-"t ( ! ye>1 9 ! bright      
spr+-"t ( 8 life4 ,love _h be5 !        
cradle-song ( 8 infancy1 love 0 !       
requiem ( 8 y\?4 ,8 0 no romantic fable1
 no h]oic epic2 adv5tures1 passions1    
fame1 made up none ( its incid5ts2 x 0  
simply ! hi/ory ( a boy's manful /ruggl+
 aga9/ fate--( ! quiet h]oism (         
endurance1 comp5sat$ by inw>d           
satisfaction1 if n by actual happ9ess4  
,true1 8 c>e] 0 9 ! l[-ly+ pa?s (       
humanity2 b x 0 none ! less beautiful & 
pure1 = x is n de$s1 x is _! _s1 :i*    
makes m5 noble1 or leaves !m /a9$4 ,_h  
,h]b]t ,lawson be5 a w>rior1 /atesman1  
h]o1 philosoph]1 he w\ld h %ewn no o!r  

nature ?an t :i* gladd5$ ! he>t ( 8     
wid[$ "m1 & prov$ a life's in/ruction to
 ,jessie ,hamilton1 9 8 small de$s (    
love & untaught words ( fai? 9 !        
solitude ( t lodg+-h\se4 ,brave1 pure1  
noble !n1 8 sph]e only w\ld h be5       
enl>g$1 & ) 8 sph]e ! weight & p[] ( 8  
"*2 b ! _s w\ld h be5 ! same1 & 9 ! dy+ 
*ild x 0 z beautiful z x w\ld h be5 9 ! 
r5[n$ philosoph]4  ,we h giv5 ?is simple
 /ory--simple 9 all its be>+s--z an     
in/ance ( h[ mu* real h]oism is daily   
enact$1 h[ mu* true morality daily      
*]i%$1 "u ! mo/ unfav\rable conditions4 
,a wid[ & h] "y son ca/ on ! _w )\t     
suffici5t means ( liv+--a brave boy     
battl+ aga9/ pov]ty & sickness comb9$1 &
 do+ 8 small endeav\r ) manful          
con/ancy--a dy+ y\?1 ^: :ole s\l is     
p5etrat$ ) love1 z ) a div9e song3 all  
^! are elem5ts ( true human int]e/1 & ^!
 are circum/ances to be f\nd 9 e /reet (
 a cr[d$ city4 ,& to su* z ^! is ! div9e
 mission ( bro!rly *>ity requir$2 = ?\gh
 pov]ty may n be reliev$ by reason ( our

 inability1 suff]+ may always be light5$
 by our sympa?y4 ,x takes b a ^w ( love1
 a glance ( pity1 a g5tle kiss (        
affection--x takes b an h\r ( our day1 a
 pray] at night1 & we may walk ?r\gh !  
sick _w & ! sorr[ful z angels dropp+    
balm & com=t on ! w\nd$4 ,! cup ( su*   
human love z ?is p\r$ freely out w prove
 9 tru? 'twice bless$1' return+ back to 
our own he>ts ! peace we h %$ on o!rs4  
,alas6 alas6 h[ ?ick ! h>ve/ & h[ few ! 
reap]s6     ,,visit ,,to ,a ,,spot      
,,connect$ ,,) ,,! ,,biography ,,(      
,,burns4   ,hav+ occasion to sp5d a few 
days ( ! beautiful ,july ( ! pres5t ye> 
9 ! l[] "p ( ,ni?sdale1 ,i felt tempt$  
to be/[ a =5oon ^u an ef=t to discov] & 
exam9e a p>ticul> spot 9 ! di/rict      
connect$ ) ! hi/ory ( ! poet ,burns1 b  
respect+ :i* a d\bt has till lately     
exi/$4 ,! subject 0 ! m excit+ly plac$  
be=e me1 by my see+ e morn+1 f my b$room
 w9d[s1 ! smil+ f>m/ead ( ,ellisl&1 :i* 
! poet built1 & :]e he sp5t m ?an f\r   
ye>s ( 8 life4 ,daily behold+ 8 simple  

home1 & ! fields he _h till$1 ,i felt a 
reviv$ int]e/ 9 8 sad hi/ory & ev]y?+   
associat$ ) x4  ,all ! read]s ( ,burns  
are ( c\rse acqua9t$ ) 8 extravagant    
,bac*analian lyric1 beg9n+--      ,o    
,willie brew$ a peck o' maut1       ,&  
,rab & ,allan cam to prie2     ,?ree    
bli!r he>ts t lee-lang night       ,ye  
wadna f9d 9 ,*ri/5die4  ,x 0 well kn[n t
 ! affair describ$ 0 a real "o--t !     
,willie :o gave ! ent]ta9m5t 0 ,mr      
,william ,nicol1 a ma/] 9 ! ,high ,s*ool
 ( ,ed9burgh--,rab1 ! poet himself--&   
,allan1 a c]ta9 ,mr ,ma/]ton1 likewise (
 ! ,ed9burgh ,high ,s*ool3 ?ree         
m]ry-he>t$ m51 ( rem>kable tal5ts & _m  
o!r good prop]ties1 b :o1 un=tunately1 7
 all ( !m too liable to ! s$uctions ( ! 
'b>ley-bree4' ,t su* 0 ! sc5e1 & su* !  
actors1 we _h le>n$ f ,burns himself1 :o
 ?us annotat$ ! song 9 a musical        
collection3 ',?is air is ,ma/]ton's2 !  
song m9e4 ,! occasion ( x 0 ?is3 ,mr    
,william ,nicol1 ( ! ,high ,s*ool1      
,ed9burgh1 dur+ ! autumn vacation be+ at

 ,m(fat1 hone/ ,allan--:o 0 at t "t on a
 visit to ,dalsw9ton--& ,i w5t to pay   
,nicol a visit4 ,we _h su* a joy\s      
meet+1 t ,mr ,ma/]ton & ,i agre$1 ea* 9 
our own way1 t we %\ld celebrate !      
bus9ess4' ,t is to say1 ,burns und]took 
to compose a song descriptive ( ! m]ry  
enc\nt]1 :ile ,mr ,ma/]ton1 :o 0 an     
amateur musician1 %\ld compose an       
appropriate air4 ,s f> !re seems to be  
little obscurity ab\t ! matt]4 ,!       
locality po9t$ out is ! well-kn[n spa   
village ( ,m(fat1 situat$ among ! hills 
( ,ann&ale1 ab\t tw5ty miles f ,ellisl&4
 ,nicol _h _h a lodg+ !re1 9 :i* to     
enjoy 8 few weeks ( autumn vacation2    
,burns & ,ma/]ton--! "o f ,ellisl&1 !   
o!r f ,dalsw9ton--_h j\rney$ ?i!r 9     
company2 & !re1 probably 9 "s small     
cottage room1 _h ! /r5g? ( ! peck o'    
maut be5 tri$4 ,mo/ likely1 z ,m(fat is 
s f> on ! way f ,dalsw9ton to ,ed9burgh1
 ,mr ,ma/]ton w\ld "p ) 8 two fri5ds    
next day1 & proce$ on 8 way to ! city1  
:ile ,burns return$ to 8 f>m1           

lone-m$itat+ on ! song 9 :i* he 0 to    
make ! frolic immortal4  ,) s explicit a
 /atem5t f ! poet1 we nev] %\ld h _h    
occasion to feel any d\bt ab\t !        
circum/ances ref]r$ to 9 ',willie brew$ 
a peck o' maut1' _h n ,dr ,currie1 !    
editor ( ! po/hum\s collection (        
,burns's works1 ins]t$ !re9 a note1 /at+
 t ! m]ry-meet+ 'took place at ,laggan1 
a f>m pur*as$ by ,mr ,nicol 9 ,ni?sdale1
 on ! recomm5dation ( ,burns4' ,currie1 
proce$+ ^u ! und\bt$ fact ( ,nicol hav+ 
pur*as$ su* a f>m1 seems to h imag9$ t !
 meet+ 0 :at is call$ 9 ,scotl& a       
h\se-heat+1 or ent]ta9m5t giv5 to       
celebrate ! ent]+ ^u a new dome/ic      
e/abli%m5t1 ,laggan itself be+ ( c\rse !
 sc5e4 ,to add to ! p]plexity ?us       
creat$1 ,dr ,currie's assumptions 7 tak5
 up by a subsequ5t editor1 :o ought to h
 kn[n bett]--! late ,allan ,cunn+ham4   
,he gives ! :ole affair ) d>+           
circum/antiality4 ,! song1 he says1 '0  
compos$ to commemorate ! h\se-heat+--z  
ent]+ ^u possession ( a new h\se is     

call$ 9 ,scotl&4 ,william ,nicol made ! 
brew/ /rong & nappy2 & ,allan ,ma/]ton1 
!n on a visit at ,dalsw9ton1 cross$ !   
,ni?1 &1 ) ! poet & 8 celebrat$         
pun*-b[l1 rea*$ ,laggan a wee be=e ! sun
 ga$ d[n4 ,! sun1 h[ev]1 rose on _!     
c>\sal1 if ! tradition ( ! l& may be    
tru/$4' ,?us1 z ,laggan is on ! "r bank 
( ! ,ni?1 :ile ,dalsw9ton is on ! left1 
we h ,ma/]ton cross+ ! riv] to jo9      
,burns at ,ellisl&1 :i* is ! conv]se ( !
 proc$ure necess>y on ! supposition (   
,m(fat be+ ! locality4 ,a place call$   
,laggan1 ab\t two miles f ,ellisl&1 be+ 
fur!r assum$ z ! seat ( ,nicol1 we h !  
poet m>*+ along to x be>+ 8 pun*-b[l z  
an ess5tial ( ! frolic6--a p>ticul> :i* 
?is biograph] w\ld h probably suppress$1
 if he _h kn[n t ! real ,laggan (       
,william ,nicol is eight or n9e miles f 
,ellisl&1 9 a "p ( ! c\ntry naturally s 
difficult ( access1 t a visitor might be
 glad to get !re himself )\t any su*    
nice burd5 z a pun*-b[l to c>ry4  ,9 a m
 rec5t edition ( ! poet's life &        

writ+s--:]e at l5g? an ef=t is made to  
illu/rate bo?1 by docum5t>y & o!r exact 
evid5ce#a--! affair is set 9 su* a light
 z to ?r[ a ludicr\s comm5t>y on su*    
te/imony z ! 'tradition ( ! l&4' ,x     
appe>s1 f a lett] ( ,burns 9 :i* two    
v]ses ( ! song are transcrib$1 t x 0    
writt5 be=e #af? ,octob] #aghi2 :ile x  
equally appe>s t ,mr ,nicol did n       
pur*ase ,laggan till ,m>* #agij3 ergo1 !
 maut 0 n brew$ at ,laggan2 ,ma/]ton did
 n cross ! ,ni?2 & ! pun*-b[l is a my?1 
:i* mo/ likely orig9at$ 9 editorial     
fancy4  ,laggan is1 nev]!less1 a        
rem>kable place1 = ,burns & ,nicol mu/ h
 be5 !re toge!r 9 "s fa%ion1 if n a     
,bac*analian "o1 s9ce x 0 ^u !          
recomm5dation ( ! =m] t ! latt] became  
its proprietor4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 two    
,laggans--"o 9 ,dunscore p>i%1 ab\t two 
miles f ,ellisl&2 ! o!r 9 ,gl5cairn     
p>i%1 a comp>atively remote situation2 &
 ! latt] 0 ! ,laggan ( ,nicol4 ,mr      
,m----1 ( ,a----1 :o n[ lives ne>       
,ellisl&1 rememb]s1 :ile liv+ 9 8 fa!r's

 h\se1 ,laggan ( ,dunscore--! place     
errone\sly assum$ by ,cunn+ham--t ,burns
 & ,nicol came !re r late "o ev5+1 &    
induc$ 8 fa!r to accompany !m to ! t[n (
 ,m9niehive1 :5ce he did n return home  
till next day at ?ree o'clock4 ,laggan (
 ,gl5cairn be+ on ! way to ,m9niehive1 &
 ne> x1 & !re be+ no o!r imag9able      
reason = ,nicol go+ to su* an           
out-(-!-way place1 x seems a v          
reasonable supposition1 t ! pair (      
fri5ds 7 on _! way to see ! prop]ty :i* 
,nicol ?\ght ( pur*as+2 & t ,burns1 kn[+
 ,mr ,m---- to be well skill$ 9 l&1 _h  
?\ght ( ask+ 8 advice on its value4 ,!  
junior ,mr ,m---- adds a rem9isc5ce1 too
 *>act]i/ic1 we fe>1 to be mu* d\bt$1 t 
,burns & ,nicol on t occasion 7 = a :ole
 week engag$ 9 m]ry-mak+4  ,we _h1      
!re=e1 a half-melan*oly int]e/ 9 see+   
,laggan--a "n1 we felt1 associat$ )     
reckless gaieties1 b !n !y 7 ! gaieties 
( g5ius1 & well _h !y be5 moralis$ 9 !  
puni%m5ts :i* !y drew d[n--=1 z ,currie 
rem>ks 9 #agii1 ^! '?ree m]ry boys' 7   

already all ( !m "u ! turf4 ,our k9d    
ho/1 ! successor ( ,ma/]ton's1 took u 9 
8 c>riage across ! ,ni?1 ?r\gh a sc5e ( 
natural luxuriance & beauty n to be     
surpass$1 & "u a sun ( z int5se         
brilliancy z ev] %one 9 ^! climes4      
,pass+ into a high side-valley1 we soon 
left ! gl[+ pla9s ( ,ni?sdale beh9d4 ,we
 pass$ "u ! f>m/ead ( ,laggan (         
,dunscore1 & ?\ght ( ,burns & ,nicol    
com+ !re to s$uce ! wor?y f>m] away to  
p>take ( _! fe/ivities at ,m9niehive4   
,by & by we came to ,dunscore kirk1 :i* 
,burns us$ to att5d ) 8 family :ile     
resid5t at ,ellisl&--a gloomy-look+ man1
 ! p ?\ght him1 all ! "t t he1 ) 8      
g5]\s1 b5evol5t nature1 0 9 reality     
groan+ ov] ! /]n ,calv9i/ic !ology ( !  
prea*]4 ,x is a tract ( c\ntry :i* has b
 rec5tly be5 reclaim$ f a m>%y & moori% 
/ate1 & :i* /ill %ews only p>tial traces
 ( decoration & high culture4 ,9 a      
gloomy recess among ! hills1 we caught a
 glimpse ( ! situation ( ! old ca/le (  
,lagg1 a =talice surr\nd$ by bogs1 !    

anci5t resid5ce ( ! p]secutor ,gri]son (
 ,lagg1 & fit sc5e to be connect$ ) !   
hi/ory ( a man :o c\ld coolly /& to see 
innoc5t wom5 dr[n$ at a /ake 9 ! sea =  
consci5ce' sake4 ,! "n ( ! place is pure
 ,norwegian1 express+ simply wat]1 su*  
be+1 no d\bt1 ! pr$om9at+ feature ( !   
sc5]y 9 its orig9al /ate--:ile ,laggan  
m]ely gives ! article en 7!7 9 addition4
 ,soon aft] pass+ ,dunscore1 we ent]$ ! 
valley ( ! ,cairn1 :i*1 ) its *alet-l   
f>mh\ses f> up ! slopes on bo? sides1   
rem9d$ u mu* ( ,switz]l&4 ,"h1 a few    
miles onw>d1 we saw ,maxwellton ,h\se1  
surr\nd$ by ^? slopes s w>mly spok5 ( 9 
,scotti% song--      ,maxwellton braes  
are bonnie1       ,:]e e>ly fa's ! dew2 
,:]e ,i & ,annie ,laurie1       ,made up
 ! promise true1 c4  ,( ?is e/ate1 !    
,laggan ( ,william ,nicol 0 orig9ally a 
"p1 be+ sold 9 #agij by ,sir ,rob]t     
,laurie ( ,maxwellton1 a g5tleman :om   
,burns has celebrat$ 9 8 fam\s poem (   
',! ,:i/le4' ,ev5 9 ?is spl5did         
summ]-day1 ! :ole vale has a rude &     

tri/e appe>ance1 some:at at issue ) !   
decl>ation ( ! old song j quot$1 & n    
likely1 "o w\ld h ?\ght1 to attract !   
reg>d ( su* m5 z ,william ,nicol &      
,rob]t ,burns4  ,we _h inquir$1 z we    
came along1 z to ! place ( :i* we 7 9   
que/2 & f9d+ nobody ) a v cle> or ready 
conception ( x or its :]eab\ts1 began to
 feel z if x 7 ( a half-fabul\s "*4 ,at 
l5g?1 h[ev]1 at a place call$ ,cross=d1 
we 7 told we %\ld h to leave our c>riage
 & ! road1 & asc5d ! side ( ! valley to 
! nor?w>d1 :]e1 ab\t a mile & a half    
onw>d1 we %\ld f9d a small f>m call$    
,laggan ,p>k4 ,?is we hop$ to f9d to be 
! true place4 ,to walk a mile & a half  
up hill on a roa/+ ,july day 0 n a task 
to be enc\nt]$ on light gr\nds2 h[ev]1  
we _h resolv$ to make out our po9t if   
possible4 ,behold a c\ple ( wayf>]s1 !n1
 pursu+ _! way along ! skirts (         
turnip-fields1 ?r\gh slight coppices1 & 
along v>i\s clayey braes1 ) ?is unse5   
place ( ,laggan ,p>k /ill keep+         
wond]fully ahead1 long aft] x ought to h

 be5 rea*$4 ,we wond]$ h[ ! ,ayr%ire b>d
 w\ld h look$ c>ry+ a pun*-b[l along our
 pres5t pa?1 aft] a j\rney ( eight miles
 simil>ly load$2 & :e!r he w\ld h ?\ght 
any am\nt ( ! 'b>ley bree' dur+ '!      
lee-lang night' a fair recomp5se = 8    
toils4 ,at l5g?1 we arriv$ at ! spot1 b 
9 a /ate ( deliquesc5ce & exhau/ion n to
 be describ$4 ,x is a small             
f>m-e/abli%m5t1 ne/l+ 9 a bosom ( !     
hills1 ) "s %elt] & good exposure1 mak+ 
up = elevation ( position1 s t its few  
fields ( gr[+ gra91 ( potatoes1 & mead[ 
grass1 h a tol]ably good appe>ance4 ,"s 
pat*es ( anci5t coppice at ! base ( !   
b>i% hills beh9d1 give x ev5 a smil+    
aspect4 ,! f>m]1 see+ u approa*1 left 8 
p 9 ! field1 & came to greet u4 ,we     
ent]$ a neat clean room1 & met a k9d    
reception f '! ,mi/ress1' :o 0 z trigly 
dress$ z if %e _h be5 expect+ company4  
,x soon became cle>1 f our conv]sation )
 ! good c\ple1 t our toils 7 cr[n$ )    
success4 ,?is really _h be5 ,nicol's    
prop]ty2 x /ill belong$ to a memb] ( 8  

family4 ,t l9e ( gray heights se5 f !   
door 0 :at ,burns allud$ to :5 he       
faceti\sly dubb$ 8 fri5d ',illu/ri\s "l 
( ,laggan's _m hills4' ,?is cottage _h  
be5 ! retreat ( ! ,high ,s*ool ma/] 9 8 
h\rs ( ru/ic vacation4 ,!re 0 a         
difficulty1 :i* we discuss$ ov] a glass 
( mo/ welcome spirits & wat] furni%$ by 
! f>m]3 ,did ?is neat room =m a "p ( !  
dwell+ ( ,nicol8 ,x appe>$ n4 ,x 0 a    
mod]n addition4 ,! orig9al h\se1 to :i* 
x adjo9$ ^u a diff]5t level ( floor+1 0 
! m]e/ hut1 ( "o room1 ) a l9e ( box-b$s
 divid+ ! sitt+-place f a small space1  
:i*1 be+ rudely causeway$ l a c[-h\se1  
_h probably be5 employ$ 9 keep+ animals 
( "s k9d4 ,su* 0 ! humble tuguriolum (  
,willie ,nicol ( ! 'peck o' maut'--an   
int]e/+ memorial ( ! simplicity ( c\ntry
 life 9 ,scotl& at ! close ( ! eighte5? 
c5tury4 ,we did n v5ture to indulge 9   
any dream+s z to fe/ive meet+s betwe5   
,burns & ,nicol 9 ?is humble %$2 = we   
felt t "h !re 0 no c]ta9 gr\nd to g ^u4 
,en\gh t we c\ld be assur$ ( ,burns &   

,nicol hav+ be5 toge!r "h2 two mo/ s+ul>
 examples ( ! peasant class ( _! c\ntry1
 & "o ( !m an unapproa*$ ma/] ( 8       
c\ntry's lyre1 ^: /ra9s h float$ to !   
ends ( ! e>?1 & promise to la/ ?r\gh _m 
ages4  ,! elem5ts ( ! place1 & ! ideas  
connect$ ) x 71 aft] all1 too simple to 
deta9 u long4 ,we only wait$ to snat* a 
slight p5cil sket* ( ! h\se & its       
adjuncts2 & !n1 hav+ tak5 leave ( ! f>m]
 & 8 wife1 we retrac$ our /eps to !     
road4 ,some:at unexpect$ly1 & n at all 9
 keep+ ) ! idea ( ei!r ,maxwellton braes
 or ,laggan's _m hills1 we discov]$ 9   
our walk t ! r\gh t]race-l gr\nd ov] :i*
 we _h pass$ be=e com+ 9 sight (        
,nicol's e/ate1 0 a mora9e1 or mass (   
dbris1 produc$ & left !re by a glaci]4  
,its surface1 ?ickly cov]$ ) loose      
blocks ( rock diff]5t f t ( ! di/rict1  
fir/ fix$ our att5tion2 !n look+ into "s
 op5+s :i* _h be5 made 9 ! e>? = build+ 
mat]ials1 we readily obs]v$ t ! int]nal 
con/itution ( ! mass 0 precisely l t ( !
 mora9es ( ! exi/+ glaci]s ( ! ,alps1 & 

( ! simil> masses ( drift scatt]$ ov]   
,sw$5--a confus$ mixture ( angul>1      
slightly-worn blocks ( all sizes1 b$d$ 9
 clayey gravel ( a br[n col\r4 ,su*     
objects are r>e 9 ,scotl&2 b "h is      
und\bt$ly "o1 ?\gh we _c pret5d to tell 
f :at qu>t] x has come4 ,! ?+ mo/ ne>ly 
resembl+ x 9 g5]al appe>ance1 :i* we h  
ev] se51 is an und\bt$ anci5t mora9e at 
a place call$ ,mos%uus1 9 ! ,valley ( ! 
,laug1 9 ,norway4  ,"o reflection arises
 at ! conclusion ( ?is trivial          
inve/igation1 & x is ?is--,if s mu* d\bt
 & obscurity h already settl$ on        
circum/ances :i* took place sc>cely     
beyond ! recollection ( liv+ p1 c we    
wond] at t :i* inve/s ! ev5ts ( a m     
remote epo*8 ,if editors 9 our enlight5$
 "t h contriv$ s soon to give ! hi/ory (
 ,burns a my?ical "*1 :at safety h we 9 
tru/+ to su* anci5t n>rations z ^? (    
,plut>* or ,?ucydides8 ,on ! o!r h&1 :]e
 ev5 su* a biography z t ( ,burns is    
plac$ by s\nd & c>efully-exam9$ evid5ce 
^u an irrefragable basis1 a s]vice is   

r5d]$ to ! public beyond ! m]its ( any  
imm$iate "q t may be "u discussion1 9 ! 
enc\ragem5t :i* x gives to hi/orical    
inquir]s ( all grades1 to re/ satisfi$ )
 no?+ on vague ass]tion1 b to sift      
ev]y?+ to ! bottom4   ,,footnotes3  #a  
,life & ,works ( ,rob]t ,burns1 edit$ by
 ,rob]t ,*amb]s4 #d vols4 ,ed9burgh3 ,w4
  ,r4 ,*amb]s4     ,,"o-,,sid$ness4     
,plantag5et4 ,! tru? appe>s s nak$ on my
 side1                  ,t any purbl9d  
eye may f9d x out4      ,som]set4 ,& on 
my side x is s well app>ell$1           
,s cle>1 s %9+1 & s evid5t1             
,t x w glimm] ?r\gh a bl9d man's eye4   
,fir/ ,"p ( ,h5ry ,,vi4   ,hav+ made up 
our m9d ^u a "q1 probably by a          
delightfully curt process1 h[ pleasant &
 natural x is to laugh sublimely at all 
diss5ti5ts6 ,poor creatures1 ^?         
noncon=mi/s are almo/ to be p>don$1 s   
mu* does _! imp5etrable dulness amuse u6
 ,h[ !y c h scrambl$ to a conclusion    
opposite to ours1 is a problem s absurd 
t x tickles u amaz+ly4  ,yet ! =mation (

 op9ions is va/ly dep5d5t ^u            
circum/ances4 ,:ang-%+ is born 9 !      
,cele/ial ,empire2 & ! *ances are t !   
fell[ w g ! l5g? ( p9n+ 8 fai? to       
,confucius4 ,yond] squalid ur*91 turn+  
out ( ,saffron ,hill or "s o!r          
sweet-sc5t$ purlieus1 has be5 cradl$ on 
! ragg$ lap ( pr(essional m5dicancy2 &  
!re is a /rong probability t he w come  
to a misund]/&+ ) ! police "o ( ^! f9e  
days4 ,! mild-ey$ prie/ :o j pass$ y1 0 
born & educat$ )9 ! /ates ( ! *ur*2 &   
someh[ or o!r he firmly believes 9 !    
,romanism y s hotly repudiate4 ,!       
sall[-fac$ g5tleman cross+ ! road1 &    
exhibit+ s wobegone an aspect1 has      
always _h a bad liv]2 & y w nev] p]suade
 him to look on ! bright side ( life4   
,:ile ?is bu/l+1 vivaci\s p]sonage1 :o  
approa*es u ) su* a spr+y /ep1 & rapid  
m]ry glance1 has nev] kn[n a day's      
illness--is indebt$ to he>say = 8 belief
 9 n]ves--& is ready to *all5ge ,europe 
to beat him at a he>ty guffaw--he is    
p]plex$ by ! %ad[ ( a long face1 m>vels 

) all 8 might at a heavy eye1 & _c      
unriddle ! philosophy ( a b5t br[4 ,:5  
%all we le>n t ! result ( look+ dep5ds  
on ! /ate ( ! eye--t ! vision is modifi$
 by ! position ( ! se]--t he :o /&s on  
"o side1 sees "o side only8 ,says       
,wordswor?--      ,we safely may affirm 
t human life     ,is ei!r fair or       
tempt+1 a s(t sc5e1     ,grateful to    
sight1 refre%+ to ! s\l1     ,or a      
=bidd5 tract ( *e]less view1     ,ev5 z 
! same is look$ at1 or approa*$4  ,& !  
pa/or ( ! ,excursion1 :o is ! spokesman1
 illu/rates 8 doctr9e by %ew+ t !       
*ur*-y>d among ! m\nta9s1 9 :i* he & 8  
companions are /&+1 if approa*$ f !     
sull5 nor?1 :5 '9 *angeful ,april1      
fields are :ite ) new-fall5 sn[1' & ere 
! sun has ga9$ 8 noontide height1 w     
appe> an 'unillum9$1 blank1 & dre>y     
pla91 ) m ?an w9try *e]lessness & gloom 
sadd5+ ! he>t2' :]eas1 if x be reg>d$ f 
! qu>t] :5ce ! "l ( light disp5ses 8    
beams1 '!n w a v]nal prospect greet y\r 
eye'--      ,all fre% & beautiful1 &    

gre5 & bright1     ,hopeful &           
*e]ful--vani%$ is ! pall     ,t         
ov]spread & *ill$ ! sacr$ turf1         
,vani%$ or hidd52 & ! :ole doma91       
,to "s1 too lightly m9d$1 might appe>   
,a mead[ c>pet = ! danc+ h\rs4  ,! same 
pr9ciple ( m5tal optics is ( univ]sal   
application4 ,we _c ignore x )\t fatal  
results :5 /udy+ hi/ory1 sci5ce1 art1   
human nature1 or any conceivable object 
( inquiry4 ,?us1 9 =m+ our op9ion ( !   
actions ( o!rs1 !re is no m mis*iev\s   
absurdity1 x has be5 rem>k$1 ?an to     
judge !m f ! outside z !y look to u1    
in/ead ( f ! inside z !y look to !      
actors2 no?+ m irrational ?an to        
criticise de$s z ?\gh ! do]s ( !m _h !  
same hopes1 fe>s1 desires1 & re/ra9ts ) 
ourselves4 ',we _c und]/& ano!r's "*    
except by ab&on+ our own id5tity1 &     
realis+ to ourselves 8 frame ( m9d1 8   
want ( k1 8 h>d%ips1 temptations1 &     
disc\ragem5ts4' ,if we turn to hi/ory1  
we are rem9d$ ( ,?omas ,moore's l9es--  
,by ,tory ,hume's s$uctive page beguil$1

     ,we fancy ,*>les 0 j1 & ,/rat=d    
mild2     ,& ,fox himself1 ) p>ty p5cil 
draws     ,monm\? a h]o '= ! good old   
cause6'     ,!n1 rights are wrongs1 &   
victories are defeats1     ,z ,fr5* or  
,engli% pride ! tale repeats4  ,?us1    
too1 ,macaulay rem>ks1 t = _m ye>s e    
,:ig hi/orian 0 anxi\s to prove t ! old 
,engli% gov]nm5t 0 all b republican--e  
,tory1 to prove x all b despotic4 ',)   
su* feel+s1 bo? p>ties look$ into !     
*ronology ( ! middle ages4 ,bo? readily 
f\nd :at !y s\ght1 & ob/9ately refus$ to
 see any?+ b :at !y s\ght4' ,accord+ly1 
to see only "o-half ( ! evid5ce1 y w\ld 
conclude t ! ,plantag5ets 7 z absolute z
 ! sultans ( ,turkey2 to see only ! o!r 
half1 y w\ld conclude t !y _h z little  
real p[] z ! ,doges ( ,v5ice3 & bo?     
conclusions w\ld be equally remote f !  
tru?4  ,c>lyle ju/ly affirms1 t if t man
 is a b5efactor to ! _w :o causes two   
e>s ( corn to gr[ :]e only "o grew be=e1
 mu* m is he a b5efactor :o causes two  
tru?s to gr[ up toge!r 9 h>mony & mutual

 confirmation1 :]e be=e only "o /ood    
solit>y1 &1 on t side at lea/1 intol]ant
 & ho/ile4 ,e g5ius rides a w+$ horse2 b
 all are apt to ride too fa/4 ,plot9us1 
says ,em]son1 'believes only 9          
philosoph]s2 ,fnlon1 9 sa9ts2 ,p9d> &   
,byron1 9 poets4 ,read ! haughty        
language 9 :i* ,plato & ! ,platoni/s    
speak ( all m5 :o are n devot$ to _! own
 %9+ ab/ractions4' ,if g5ius is liable  
to su* "o-sid$ness1 ! great] ! ne$ (    
educational correctives to common-place 
m9ds4 ,h5ce ! ov]pursuit ( any "o       
subject may be hurtful1 unless duly     
balanc$ by c\nt]vail+ =ces4 ,z ! au?or (
 ,fri5ds 9 ,c\ncil says1 a human be+1 l 
a tree1 if x is to atta9 to p]fect      
symmetry1 mu/ h light & air giv5 to x f 
all qu>t]s4 ,?is may be done )\t mak+ m5
 sup]ficial--)\t sanction+ ! dissipation
 ( m]e desultory read+4 ,"o or two great
 bran*es ( sci5ce may be sy/ematically  
prosecut$1 & o!rs us$ 9 a m supplem5t>y 
& illu/rative =m4 ',a numb] ( "o-sid$   
m51' obs]ves ! same writ]1 'may make a  

great nation1 ?\gh ,i mu* incl9e to d\bt
 t2 b su* a nation w n conta9 a numb] ( 
great m54' ,) ! advance ( intellig5ce1  
advances a ca?olicism ( lit]ature1 (    
ta/e1 ( humanity at l>ge4 ,uncultur$    
intellect1 'cab9$1 cribb$1 conf9$1' is  
ill at ease among ! ri*es ( v>iety 9    
lit]>y lore2 x is satisfi$ ) ! little1  
because1 z ,m5zel says1 x kn[s n !      
great2 x is cont5t ) "o-sid$ness1       
because x sees n ! o!r sides4 ,if       
critical esprit de corps has its        
advantages1 x has its p5alties also2    
pot5t )9 its self-impos$ b\nds1 x is    
impot5t outside ( !m4 ,longfell[ rem9ds 
8 bre?r5 ( ! lyre1 t :atev] is be/ 9 !  
great poets ( all c\ntries1 is n :at is 
national 9 !m1 b :at is univ]sal3 _!    
roots are 9 _! native soil1 b _! bran*es
 wave 9 ! unpatriotic air1 t speaks !   
same language to all m51 & _! leaves %9e
 ) ! illimitable light t p]vades all    
l&s4 ',let u ?r[ all ! w9d[s op52 let u 
admit ! light & air on all sides2 t we  
may look t[>ds ! f\r corn]s ( ! heav5s1 

& n always 9 ! same direction4'         
,monomania is sometimes simply !        
exagg]at$ reg>d to "o side ( _m-sid$    
tru?4 ,x is n absolute1 b only relative 
delusion4 ,x is 9 its degree true2 b by 
affect+ to be ! :ole tru?1 x becomes    
untrue4 ,philosophic reflection %ews1 t 
if a man fa/5 8 att5tion on a s+le      
aspect ( tru?1 & apply himself to t     
alone = a long "t1 '! tru? becomes      
di/ort$1 & n itself1 b falsehood2' & may
 be comp>$ to ! air1 :i* is our natural 
elem5t1 & ! brea? ( our no/rils2 'b if a
 /ream ( ! same be direct$ on ! body = a
 "t1 x causes cold1 fev]1 & ev5 dea?4'  
',h[ we>isome1' exclaims ,em]son1 '!    
gramm>ian1 ! phr5ologi/1 ! political or 
religi\s fanatic1 or1 inde$1 any        
possess$ mortal1 ^: balance is lo/ by ! 
exagg]ation ( a s+le topic6 ,x is       
incipi5t insanity4' ,! bore ( society is
 con/itut$ by 8 "o-sid$ness4 ,8 e> is   
defici5t 9 ! s5se ( h>mony1 & he deaf5s 
& disgu/s y by h>p+ on "o /r+4 ,! retir$
 nabob holds y by ! button1 to he> 8    

we>isome diatribes on ,indian economics2
 ! half-pay (fic] is too flu5t on 8     
worn-out recollections ( ! ,p59sul> ,w>1
 & becomes savage if y broa* a new !me1 
or move to adj\rn ! debate2 ! univ]sity 
p$ant di/racts y ) 8 !ories on philology
 & scansion--) 8 am5d$ translation ( a  
hexamet] 9 ,p]sius1 & 8 new read+ ( a   
l9e 9 ,!ocritus2 ! bagman is all = '!   
%op2' ! policeman is r$ol5t ( ! 'lock-up
 h\se '& 'y\r w]t*up2' ! tailor is      
pr(\ndly kn[+ on ! 'sweat+ sy/em2 '! son
 ( ,crisp9 v[s & prote/s !re's 'no?+ l  
lea!r4' ,all ^! m9us signs h a t5d5cy to
 cancel ea* o!r3 & ?us ! equation ( life
 is work$ out4 ,society has be5 said to 
h at all times ! same want--namely1 ( "o
 sane man1 ) adequate p[]s ( expression 
to hold up ea* object ( monomania 9 its 
"r relations4 ',! ambiti\s & m]c5>y br+ 
_! la/ new ,mumbo-,jumbo--:e!r t>iff1   
railway1 mesm]ism1 or ,cali=nia--& by   
deta*+ ! object f its relations1 easily 
succe$ 9 mak+ x se5 9 a gl>e1 & a       
multitude g mad ab\t x2 & !y are n to be

 reprov$ or cur$ by ! opposite          
multitude1 :o are kept f ?is p>ticul>   
insanity by an equal fr5zy on ano!r     
crot*et4 ,b let "o man h ! compreh5sive 
eye t c replace ?is isolat$ prodigy 9   
its "r neighb\rhood & be>+s1 & !        
illusion vani%es--! return+ reason ( !  
community ?anks ! reason ( ! monitor4'  
,!re is p]haps no?+ :i* m urg5tly calls 
= su* a controll+ & ov]see+ m9d1 to curb
 ecc5tric excesses1 & to re/ore         
equilibrium ( action1 ?an philan?ropy   
itself4 ,9 ! en?usiasm ( its impulses1 x
 ?9ks x c af=d to sne] at political     
economy1 & t x is "r to w&] at its own  
sweet w1 b5evol5tly defy+ ! remon/rances
 ( all :o h a me?od to prop\nd1 a sci5ce
 to expla91 a sy/em to uphold4 ,?\gh !  
he>t be l>ge1 yet ! m9d--z ,na?aniel    
,haw?orne some:]e obs]ves--is (t5 ( su* 
mod]ate dim5sions1 z to be exclusively  
fill$ up ) "o idea2 & ?us1 :5 a good man
 has long devot$ himself to a p>ticul>  
k9d ( b5efic5ce1 to "o species ( re=m1  
he is apt to become n>r[$ into ! limits 

( ! pa? :]e9 he treads1 & to fancy t !re
 is no o!r good to be done on e>? b t   
selfsame good to :i* he has put 8 h&1 & 
9 ! v mode t be/ suits 8 own            
conceptions4 ',all else is wor?less2 8  
s*eme mu/ be wr\ght out by ! unit$ /r5g?
 ( ! :ole _w's /ock ( love1 or ! _w is  
no long] wor?y ( a position 9 ! univ]se4
 ,moreov]1 p[]ful tru?1 be+ ! ri*       
grape-juice express$ f ! v9ey>d ( !     
ages1 has an intoxicat+ quality :5      
imbib$ by any b a p[]ful intellect1 &   
(t51 z x 71 impels ! quaff] to qu>rel 9 
8 cups4' ,ev5 a sa9t ) "o idea may be a 
plague to 8 neighb\rhood2 &1 by be+     
canonis$1 may ret>d1 n fur!r1 ! progress
 ( 8 *ur*4  ,let u own1 h[ev]1 t        
"o-idea'd p are (t5 amus+ z well z      
mis*iev\s--or r1 :5 n mis*iev\s4 ,! rapt
 devotion !y pay to _! idola specs      
oscillates betwe5 ! sublime & !         
ridicul\s4 ,we h all se5 su* p1 &       
alt]nately admir$ & laugh$ at !m4 ,we h 
all witness$ or read pleasant           
illu/rations ( _! do+s4 ,) "o su*       

illu/ration we conclude ?is discursive  
fragm5t4 ,x is relat$ by ! witty au?or (
 ,a ,def5ce ( ,ignorance1 :o introduces 
x 9 ! c\rse ( an imag9>y dialogue on    
"o-sid$ univ]sity tra9+1 9 :i* "o ( !   
speak]s 7at dess]t7 says to 8 companion3
 ',if y rea* aft] t pe>1 )\t consid]+   
:at /&s aga9/ y\r elb[s1 y may empty a  
decant] ov] me4 ,he :o desires ?or\ghly 
to "k "o subject1 %\ld be possess$ ( s  
mu* intellectual geography z w enable   
him to see its true position 9 ! univ]se
 ( ?\ght4' ,! allusion to upsett+ a     
decant] rem9ds ! o!r int]locutor ( a    
/ory1 :i* he proce$s to tell4 ,a        
g5tleman :o c>v$ a goose 0 inexp]t2 &   
?9k+ only ( ! /ubborn jo9ts t w\ld n be 
unh+$1 he totally =got ! gravy4         
,pres5tly1 ! goose slipp$ (f ! di%1 &   
escap$ into 8 neighb\r's lap4 ,n[1 to h 
?r[n a hot goose on a lady's lap w\ld   
disconc]t mo/ p1 b ! g5tleman 9 "q 0 n  
disconc]t$4 ,turn+ r\nd1 ) a bl& smile1 
he said3 ',i'll tr\ble y = t goose4' ,"h
 we h a sublime example ( a man ) "o    

idea4 ,?is g5tleman's idea 0 ! goose2 & 
9 ! absorb+ int]e/ atta*$ to 8 und]tak+1
 t he 0 to c>ve ! goose1 n altoge!r kn[+
 h[1 he _h %ut out extrane\s objects4   
,sudd5ly ! goose 0 gone1 b 8 eye foll[$ 
x1 8 m9d 0 wrapt up 9 8 /ruggle ) x2 :at
 did he "k ( t lady8 ',i'll tr\ble y = t
 goose1' express$ ! p]fect ab/raction ( 
a m9d b5t on develop+ its "o idea4      
,,mr ,,kirby ,,! ,,naturali/4   ,!      
popul> fame ( ,mr ,kirby re/s ^u !      
,introduction to ,entomology1 a "w      
7p>tly writt5 by him7 full ( int]e/+    
facts respect+ ! economy ( ! insect _w4 
,among/ ! sci5tific1 8 reputation dep5ds
 on a v>iety ( elaborate pap]s :i* he   
wrote = le>n$ societies on subjects     
connect$ ) natural hi/ory4 ,= sixty ye>s
 previ\s to ! conclusion ( 8 long life 9
 #ahej1 he _h devot$ ! leisure ( a      
p>sonage to t delightful /udy1 & be+ a  
dilig5t & accurate obs]v]1 & an elegant 
& ent]ta9+ writ]1 he _h atta9$ ! highe/ 
rank among/ ! ,briti% naturali/s ( 8    
day4 ,x appe>s1 f a memoir j publi%$1#b 

t ,mr ,kirby 0 born 9 #agei1 & settl$ 9 
#aghb 9 ! cure ( ,b>ham1 ne> ,ipswi*1   
:]e he 0 ultimately rector1 & :i* he    
only left = 8 la/ long-home sixty-eight 
ye>s !reaft]4 ,9 an age ( sluggi%       
!ology1 he 0 an e>ne/ m9i/] & zeal\s    
controv]siali/1 all ! "t t he 0         
cultivat+ a ta/e = natural objects4 ,?is
 is equally unexpect$ & cr$itable4 ,&   
yet x does n appe> t 8 p]sonal conduct 0
 *>act]is$ by any?+ l rig\r1 =1 z an    
example1 we f9d1 f ! j\rnal ( an        
entomological excursion 9 #agig1 t x 0  
comm5c$ on a ,sunday aft]noon1 & involv$
 "o o!r ,sunday ( con/ant travell+4 ,a  
ref]5ce ( ! dates to an almanac enables 
u to e/abli% ?is fact1 s unlike ! _s ( a
 zeal\s man 9 our times4  ,( ! si/]     
sci5ces ( nature1 botany fir/ attract$  
,mr ,kirby's reg>ds4 ',?is he pursu$ 9  
no ha/y or sup]ficial mann]1 b ) !      
greate/ p]sev]ance & rese>*4 ,x 0 n     
en\gh = him to "k a plant by sight1 & to
 asc]ta9 its prop] "n1 b he comp>$ !    
m9ute/ p>ts ( infloresc5ce &            

fructification2 he s\ght = ! mo/ trifl+ 
diff]5ces 9 ^? ne>ly alli$1 & /udi$ ) a 
ke5 b g5]\s criticism ! v>i\s !ories (  
writ]s on ! sci5ce1 f ! e>lie/ age to ! 
"t ( ! immortal ,l9n4 ,( e plant he met 
)1 ev5 to ! daisy & primrose1 ! :ole    
physiological /ructure 0 ?or\ghly       
inve/igat$2 he discov]$1 or r obs]v$1   
:at x 0 :i* enabl$ "s plants to endure  
great *anges ( temp]ature1 :ile o!rs    
p]i%$--! =mation :i* enabl$ "s to live 9
 wat]1 :ile o!rs fl\ri%$ 9 ! mo/ dry &  
arid s&s2 he c>efully m>k$ ! causes :i* 
comb9$ to clo! ev5 rocks ) v]dure1 9    
consequ5ce ( ! wond]ful /ructure ( !    
plants inhabit+ !m1 enabl+ !m to live z 
x 7 by ! suction ( _! num]\s m\?s1 r ?an
 by n\ri%m5t transmitt$ by a root 9     
contact ) t :i* w\ld refuse to yield !  
ord9>y food ( plants4 ,& z he ?us m>k$  
all ^! peculi> adaptations ( plants to  
_! respective situations1 8 m9d 0 by a  
con/ant tra9 ( ?\ght direct$ f ! beauty 
& wondr\s me*anism ( ! creature1 to     
contemplate ! supreme & ineffable glory 

( ! ,creator4'  ,) a m9d s pr$ispos$ & s
 fitt$ = ! /udy ( entomology1 a casual  
occurr5ce ( a trivial nature 0 suffici5t
 to awak5 & give x direction4 ',obs]v+  
accid5tally1 "o morn+1 a v beautiful    
gold5 bug creep+ on ! sill ( my w9d[1 ,i
 took x up to exam9e x1 & f9d+ t its w+s
 7 ( a m yell[ hue ?an 0 common to my   
obs]vation ( ^! insects be=e1 ,i 0      
anxi\s c>efully to exam9e any o!r ( its 
peculi>ities2 & f9d+ t x _h tw5ty-two   
beautiful cle> black spots ^u its back1 
my captur$ animal 0 imprison$ 9 a bottle
 ( g91 = ! purpose1 z ,i suppos$1 (     
kill+ him4 ,on ! foll[+ morn+1 anxi\s to
 pursue my obs]vation1 ,i took x aga9 f 
! g91 & laid x on ! w9d[-sill to dry1   
?9k+ x dead2 b ! w>m? ( ! sun v soon    
reviv$ x3 & h5ce comm5c$ my fur!r       
pursuit ( ?is bran* ( natural hi/ory4'  
,a ,dr ,gwyn ( ,ipswi* 0 8 preceptor 9  
?is /udy4 ',?\gh n[ 9 8 sev5ty-fif? ye>1
 s mu* 0 ! good old doctor int]e/$ 9 !  
pursuit ( 8 fri5d1 t he w\ld frequ5tly  
walk ov] to ,b>ham1 a di/ance ( five    

miles1 to see :at _h be5 ! success (    
rec5t p]ambulations4 ,! p>sonage-h\se 0 
!n approa*$ by a n>r[ wicket1 ) po/s    
high] ?an ! gate1 & (t51 :ile work+ 9 8 
g>d51 or sitt+ 9 8 p>l\r1 ,mr ,kirby    
w\ld look up & see1 to 8 great delight1 
! %ovel hat ( 8 faceti\s fri5d adorn+ "o
 po/1 & ! cumbr\s wig & app]ta9+        
pig-tail ornam5t+ ! o!r4 ,& soon ! k9d  
old man w\ld walk 9 ) 8 bald head1 z he 
us$ to say1 cool & ready = !            
inve/igation4 ,^! visits 7 always hail$ 
) pleasure1 ! delights ( :i* 7 /ill fre%
 9 ! memory ( ,mr ,kirby1 & w\ld call =?
 expressions ( affectionate gratitude1  
ev5 :5 ne>ly half a c5tury _h elaps$1   
aft] 8 fri5d & ,mc5as1 z he lov$ to call
 him1 _h gone to 8 re/4'  ,!re seems no 
room to d\bt1 t 8 /udies t5d$ n m]ely to
 ! happ9ess ( ,mr ,kirby's life1 b to   
its duration4 ,x is at ! same "t        
abundantly evid5t1 t mu* h>d "w 0       
und]gone4 ,he c>ri$ on a mo/ labori\s   
correspond5ce ) o!r naturali/s1 (t5     
ext5d+ a lett] to ! dim5sions ( a       

pamphlet3 ?is altoge!r ov] & above 8    
practical rese>*es & 8 publi%$ writ+s4  
,he took good-hum\r$ views ( mo/ ?+s1 & 
0 n easily put out ( temp]4 ,a slight   
da% ( abs5ce ( m9d increas$ t qua9tness 
( "* s (t5 f\nd 9 zeal\s /ud5ts4 ,on an 
entomological excursion ) two fri5ds1   
,mr ,m>%am & ,mr ,macleay1 x happ5$ on  
_! arriv+ at an old-fa%ion$ wayside inn1
 t '!re 0 only "o l>ge room = !m1 ) ?ree
 b$s 9 x4 ,! arrangem5t hav+ be5 made = 
! night1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! "t1 ?ree
 nightcaps 7 laid ^u ! dress+-table4 ,mr
 ,kirby retir$ be=e 8 companions1 & 0   
soon s\nd asleep4 ,p]ceiv+ no caps ready
 = !m1 8 fri5ds inquir$ = :at !y        
consid]$ ! due appurt5ances ( ! pill[3  
!y 7 assur$ by ! ho/ess t ?ree nightcaps
 7 laid ^u ! table1 b !y /\tly av]r$ !y 
_h n se5 !m2 ! l&lady no less /\tly     
ma9ta9+ h] side ( ! "q4 ,:at actually   
pass$ 9 h] own m9d did n transpire1 b %e
 appeal$ to ! fir/ g5tleman z be+ ! only
 "o :o c\ld ?r[ light ^u ! subject2 :51 
lo & behold6 z soon z 8 head appe>$1 9  

answ] to ! ha/y summons1 ! ?ree         
nightcaps appe>$ at ! same "t ^u x1 "o  
be+ dragg$ ov] ! o!r1 mu* to ! amusem5t 
n only ( ^? pres5t1 b also ( ^? :o long 
aft] he>d ! tale4'  ,ano!r example ( !  
pleasantries t sometimes enliv5 ! pa? ( 
! naturali/4 ,x is relat$ by ,mr ,sp5ce1
 & ref]s to ! "t :5 t g5tleman 0 engag$ 
) ,mr ,kirby 9 prep>+ ! "w :i* has = ev]
 comb9$ _! names4 ',mr 7n[ ,sir ,william
 ,j47 ,hook] 0 at t "t /ay+ at ,b>ham1 &
 be+ desir\s to h po9t$ out to him1 & to
 ga!r ) 8 own h&s1 a r>e species (      
,m>*antia8 f its habitat1 fir/ discov]$ 
by ,mr ,kirby1 ne> ,nayl&1 "s miles     
di/ant1 x 0 agre$ we ?ree %\ld walk     
?i!r1 entomologis+ by ! way1 & aft] d9n]
 proce$ to ! h$ge-bank :]e x grew4      
,ent]+ ! head inn-y>d on foot1 ) du/y   
%oes1 & )\t o!r baggage ?an our         
insect-nets 9 our h&s1 we met ) b a cool
 reception1 :i*1 h[ev]1 visibly w>m$ z  
soon z we _h desir$ to be %ewn into !   
be/ d9+-room1 & _h ord]$ a good d9n] &  
w9e4 ,we int5d$ to walk back 9 ! ev5+1 b

 z ! bank :]e ! ,m>*antia8 grew 0 a mile
 or two out ( ! direct road1 & x came on
 ra91 we ord]$ out a po/*aise1 m]ely    
say+ we want$ to drive a %ort way on a  
road :i* ,mr ,kirby indicat$ to !       
po/ilion4  ',:5 we arriv$ at ! gate ( ! 
field :]e ! bank 01 ! ra9 _h become v   
heavy2 s1 call+ to ! po/ilion to /op &  
op5 ! door1 we scamp]$ out ( ! *aise1   
all laugh+1 & ha/ily tell+ him to wait  
!re1 )\t o!r explanation we climb$ ov] !
 gate1 & n to be long 9 ! ra91 set (f   
runn+ z fa/ z we c\ld along ! field-side
 ( ! h$ge1 to ! bank we 7 look+ =4 ,we  
saw amazem5t 9 ! face ( our po/ilion at 
:at possible motive c\ld h made ?ree    
gue/s ( 8 ma/] clamb] pell-mell ov] a   
gate into a field t l$ n[h]e1 9 ! mid/ (
 a heavy %[] ( ra91 & !n run away z if  
pursu$2 & x 0 ! expression 9 8 c\nt5ance
 :i* caus$ our mir?1 :i* 0 increas$ to  
peals ( m]rim5t :5 we saw t1 in/ead (   
wait+ = u at ! gate1 z we _h direct$1 he
 m\nt$ 8 horses ) all spe$1 & pu%$ on 9 
a gallop along ! road on ! o!r side ( ! 

h$ge1 evid5tly to circumv5t our nef>i\s 
plan 7z he conceiv$7 ( bilk+ 8 ma/] bo? 
( our d9n]s & ! *aise-hire4 ,:5 !       
cessation ( our uncontrollable mir? _h  
all[$ u to ga!r specim5s ( our plant1   
p]ceiv+ ?r\gh ! h$ge :]eab\ts we /opp$1 
he also halt$ to wat* our motions1 & :5 
he saw u run back1 he obey$ our ord]s to
 return to ! gate--:]e we got into !    
*aise1 /ill 9 a ro> ( laught] at ! :ole 
affair1 & at 8 awkw>d attempt to expla9 
away 8 n hav+ wait$ = u !re1 z we _h    
direct$1 & evid5t high satisfaction at  
br++ back 9 triumph to our inn ! ?ree   
*eats ^: int5d$ plans he _h s clev]ly   
fru/rat$1 z he no d\bt told 8 ma/]2 to  
:om1 be+ too mu* amus$ ) ! adv5ture1 we 
did n make any explanation1 b left x to 
=m "o ( ! traditions ( ! inn4'  ,:5 a   
man excels 9 any?+1 x mu/ always be ( "s
 consequ5ce to "k :at 7 8 habits1 & :at 
ext]nal means he employ$1 9 connection )
 8 p>ticul> gift4 ,mr ,sp5ce says3 ',!re
 7 two circum/ances 9 ,mr ,kirby's /udy 
( insects1 by :i* ,i 0 always =cibly    

/ruck on my visits to him at ,b>ham4 ,! 
fir/ 0 ! little p>ade ( app>atus ) :i* 8
 ext5sive & valuable acquisitions 7     
made4 ,if go+ to any di/ance1 he w\ld   
put into 8 pocket a =ceps-net & small   
wat]-net1 ) :i* to cat* bees1 flies1 &  
aquatic insects2 b1 9 g5]al1 ,i d n     
rememb] to h se5 him use a net ( any o!r
 description4 ,8 num]\s captures ( r>e &
 new ,coleopt]a 7 mo/ly made by c>efully
 se>*+ = !m 9 _! haunts1 f :i*--if      
trees1 %rubs1 or long grass1 c4--he w\ld
 beat !m ) 8 walk+-/ick into a newspap]2
 &1 collect$ 9 ?is way1 he w\ld br+ home
 9 a few small phials 9 8 wai/coat      
pockets1 & 9 a mod]ate-siz$             
collect+-box1 aft] an aft]noon's        
excursion1 a booty (t5 mu* ri*] ?an 8   
companions _h secur$ ) _! m elaborate   
app>atus4 ,! second circum/ance 9 ,mr   
,kirby's /udy ( insects1 to :i* ,i      
allude1 0 ! delib]ate & c>eful way 9 :i*
 he inve/igat$ ! nom5clature ( 8        
species4 ,e au?or likely to h describ$  
!m 0 consult$1 _! descriptions duly     

e/imat$2 & x 0 only aft] ?us com+ to !  
decision t ! insect be=e him _h n be5   
previ\sly describ$1 t he plac$ x 9 8    
cab9et "u a new "n4 ,x 0 ow+ to ?is     
cauti\s mode ( proce$+--:i* "y          
entomologi/s w\ld d well to foll[--t he 
fell into s few errors1 & r5d]$ su*     
solid s]vice to ! sci5ce2 & a n less    
c>eful consid]ation 0 always ex]cis$ by 
him 9 ! =m+ ( new g5]a1 & 9 8 publi%$   
descriptions ( new species1 z 8         
admirable pap]s 9 ! ,l9nan ,transactions
 amply te/ify4'  ,consid]+ h[ well ,mr  
,kirby p]=m$ 8 pr(essional duties1 h[   
mu* he did to advance 8 fav\rite sci5ce1
 & h[ greatly he contribut$ to !        
happ9ess ( society )9 ! sph]e ( 8       
p]sonal influ5ce1 8 may truly be said to
 h be5 a well-sp5t life4 ,on ?is acc\nt1
 ,mr ,freeman's memoir may be recomm5d$ 
to ! notice ( _m :o are n z yet consci\s
 ( ! *>ms ( entomology4   ,,footnotes3  
#b ,life ( ! ,rev4 ,william ,kirby1     
,m4,a4 ,by ,john ,freeman4 #hvo1 pp4    
#ejf4 ,london3 ,longman  ,co4 #aheb4    

,,! ,,mod]n ,,t>t>4   ,! phrase1 ',cat*+
 a ,t>t>1' po9ts to a peculi>ity 9 ,t>t>
 life1 :i*1 h[ev] correct hi/orically1  
is n 9 keep+ ) ! actual curr5t /ate ( ! 
,mongol "*4 ,x implies some?+ impetu\s1 
/]n1 unyield+1 rel5tless1 & cruel2 :]eas
 ! mod]n life ( ! *ildr5 ( ! des]t      
exhibits mu* t is simple1 confid+1      
g5]\s1 & ev5 *ivalric4 ,x is no?+ to our
 discr$it t we %\ld h be5 s long 9      
discov]+ ^! features 9 ! great nomadic  
class ( ! day1 because ,european        
b>b>ians are absolutely prohibit$ f     
visit+ ! des]t places :i* are ! sc5es ( 
_! w&]+s2 & b = ! ent]prise ( two ,roman
 ,ca?olic mission>ies f ,france1 we %\ld
 probably h rema9$ 9 ignorance = a mu*  
long] p]iod4 ,^! g5tlem51 h[ev]1 h ?r[n 
a light on ?is subject1 :i* is too      
rem>kable to be pass$ ov] )\t notice4   
,messrs ,gabet & ,huc compos$ _! "w 9   
#ahdf1 b x has only rec5tly be5 publi%$ 
9 ?is c\ntry1#c & its p]usal _c fail to 
modify _m ( our preconceiv$ notions     
reg>d+ ,t>t> life4  ,x w1 = example1 be 

admitt$ t1 accord+ to ! hi!rto popul>   
acceptation ( ! "*1 ,t>t>s 7 n exactly !
 sort ( p]sons on :om practical jokes   
might be p]petrat$ ) impunity4 ,read1   
h[ev]1 ! foll[+ anecdote3--,:ile our two
 travell]s 7 "o day 9 _! t5ts1 two ,t>t>
 horsem5 da%$ up to ! entrance1 & ?rew  
!mselves on ! gr\nd4 ',m5 ( pray]1' said
 !y ) voices full ( emotion1 'we come to
 ask y to draw our horoscope4 ,we h ?is 
day _h two horses /ol5 f u4 ,we _c f9d !
 robb]s1 & we come to y m5 ( le>n+1 to  
tell u :]e we %all f9d our prop]ty4'    
',bro!rs1' answ]$ ! mission>ies1 'we are
 n lamas ( ,buddha1 & d n believe 9     
horoscopes4 ,= a man to say t he c      
discov] /ol5 goods by su* means1 is     
falsehood & deception4'  ,! horsem5     
entreat$1 b ! prie/s 7 inflexible1 & !  
disappo9t$ ,t>t>s m\nt$ _! /e$s1 &      
gallop$ (f4 ,x s happ5$ t ,samdad*iemba1
 ! guide ( ! mission>ies--a ,*ri/ianis$ 
,ori5tal1 b )al a v m]ry fell[--0 pres5t
 dur+ ?is int]view1 b he sat dr9k+ 8 tea
 )\t utt]+ a ^w4 ,all on a sudd5 he     

knitt$ 8 br[s1 rose1 & came to ! door4  
,! horsem5 7 at "s di/ance2 b ! d*iah\r1
 by an ex]tion ( 8 /rong lungs1 induc$  
!m to turn r\nd 9 _! saddles4 ,he       
motion$ to !m1 & !y1 ?9k+ t ! horoscope 
0 to be giv51 gallop$ once m to ! t5t4  
',my ,mongol bro!rs1' said              
,samdad*iemba1 '9 future be m c>eful3   
wat* y\r h]ds well1 & y won't be robb$4 
,reta9 ^! words ( m9e 9 y\r memory3 !y  
are wor? all ! horoscopes 9 ! _w4'      
,samdad--! read] w p]haps ?ank u = !    
abbreviation--gravely return$ to ! t5t2 
& ! ,t>t>s did n dism\nt & :ip him1 z   
two horsem5 ( any o!r nation "u ! sun   
w\ld h done1 b quietly resum$ _! j\rney4
 ,x appe>$ t ,samdad _h once act$ z     
div9] on a simil> occasion4 ,! miss+    
valuable 0 a bull1 & ! sage hav+ call$ =
 elev5 /ones1 c\nt$1 arrang$ & re>rang$ 
!m ) great gravity1 & !n appe>$ to      
m$itate4 ',if y w\ld f9d y\r bull1 g    
seek him 9 ! nor?1' said ! magician2 &  
)\t qu]ul\sly inquir+1 l ,%akspe>e's    
,ri*>d1 :at ,taurus did 9 t region1 !   

,mongols pursu$ a nor!rn c\rse1 & by m]e
 *ance actually discov]$ ! animal4      
,samdad 0 ent]ta9$ = a week1 & took 8   
dep>ture lad5 ) butt] & tea4 ,he h9t$ 8 
regret t '8 atta*m5t to ,"m ,*ur*'      
prev5t$ him f play+ ! soo?say] to ! two 
horsem54  ,a peculi>ity 9 ,t>t> mann]s1 
reg>d+ /ol5 horses :5 ab/ract$ ne>      
c>avans1 is likely to prove ( m s]vice  
?an ca/+ horoscopes4 ,"s "t aft] !      
occurr5ce m5tion$1 ! mission>ies lo/ a  
horse & mule4 ',we ea* m\nt$ a camel1 & 
made a circuit 9 se>* ( ! animals4 ,our 
se>* be+ futile1 we resolv$ to proce$ to
 ! ,mongol encampm5t1 & in=m !m t our   
loss _h tak5 place ne> _! habitation4   
,by a law among ! ,t>t>s1 :5 animals are
 lo/ f a c>avan1 ! p]sons occupy+ !     
ne>e/ encampm5t are b\nd ei!r to f9d !m 
or replace !m4444 ,?is x is :i* has     
contribut$ to r5d] ! ,mongols s skilful 
9 track+4 ,a m]e glance at ! slight     
traces left by an animal on ! grass1    
suffices to in=m ! ,mongol pursu] h[    
long x is s9ce x pass$1 & :e!r or n x   

bore a rid]2 & ! track once f\nd1 !y    
foll[ x ?r\gh\t all its me&]+s1 h[ev]   
complicat$4  ',we _h no soon] expla9$   
our loss to ! ,mongol *ief1 ?an he said 
to u *e]fully3 ,sirs ,lamas1 d n p]mit  
sorr[ to invade y\r he>ts4 ,y\r animals 
_c be lo/2 9 ^! pla9s !re are nei!r     
robb]s nor associates ( robb]s4 ,i w s5d
 9 que/ ( y\r horses4 ,if we d n f9d !m1
 y may select :at o!rs y please 9 _!    
place f our h]d4 ,we w\ld h y leave ?is 
place z happy z y came to x4' ,eight    
horses d>t$ (f 9 pursuit2 ! mission>ies 
7 invit$ to take tea 9 ! int]im1 & 9 two
 h\rs ! /ray$ cattle 7 recov]$4 ,we %\ld
 l to "k 9 :at o!r c\ntry travell]s w\ld
 be s treat$8  ,regal p]sonages 9 ^!    
regions obs]ve ! *>act]i/ic simple      
mann]s ( ! c\ntry4 ,our pilgrims 7      
pursu+ _! solit>y way1 :5 ! tramp+ ( _m 
horses & ! s\nd ( _m voices di/urb$ !   
sil5ce ( ! des]t4 ,a l>ge c>avan belong+
 to ! que5 ( ,m\rguevan ov]took !m1 & a 
m&>9 address$ !m4  ',sirs1 :]e is y\r   
c\ntry8'  ',we come f ! we/4'  ',?r\gh  

:at di/ricts h y\r b5eficial %ad[s      
pass$8'  ',we h come f ,tolon ,noor4'   
',has peace accompani$ y\r progress8'   
',hi!rto we h j\rney$ 9 all             
tranquillity4 ,& y--are y at peace1 &   
:at is y\r c\ntry8'  ',we are ,khalkhas 
( ! k+dom ( ,m\rguevan4'  ,aft] "s o!r  
,ori5tal qu]ies & answ]s1 h] maje/y     
comes up4 ,! cavalcade halt$1 & ! camels
 =m$ into a semicircle1 ! c5tre be+     
occupi$ by a close f\r-:eel$ c>riage4   
,two m&>9s1 'decorat$ ) ! blue button1' 
op5$ ! door1 & h&$ out ! que51 :o 0     
attir$ 9 a long silk robe4  ',sirs      
,lamas1' said %e1 rais+ h] h&s1 'is ?is 
place auspici\s = an encampm5t8'        
',royal pilgrim ( ,m\rguevan1' said we1 
'y may light y\r fires "h 9 all         
security4 ,= ourselves1 we mu/ proce$ on
 our way1 = ! sun 0 already high :5 we  
fold$ our t5t4'  ,! ,t>t>s are divid$   
into two gr& classes--lamas & laym54 ,! 
=m] act z prie/s1 lawy]s1 physicians1   
pa9t]s1 decorators1 c41 & 9 fact        
monopolise e le>n$ & lib]al art &       

pr(ession4 ,( c\rse1 !y are held 9 high 
repute2 & our travell]s hav+1 l ,joseph 
,wolff1 adopt$ sac]dotal co/ume1 !y 7   
ev]y:]e receiv$ ) ! hon\rs & respect    
aw>d$ to ! indig5\s cl]gy4 ,x w duly    
appe>1 f subsequ5t illu/rations1 t m]e  
ecclesia/icism did n secure !           
hospitality & k9dness :i* !y exp]i5c$ at
 all h&s2 b ev5 aft] mak+ all[ance = !  
national devotion to ! clo?1 ! att5tions
 %ew$ by ! ,mongols are (t5 m>k$ by a   
delicate s5se ( ! hospitable4 ,on "o    
occasion1 ,m4 ,huc & 8 companions       
enc\nt]$ an unusual /orm ( ra9 & w9d4   
,aft] travell+ sev]al we>y miles1       
,samdad contriv$ to erect ! t5t 9 a     
place t1 = ! locality1 0 tol]able1 b no 
m4 ',my spiritual fa!rs1' obs]v$ !      
guide1 ',i told y we %\ld n die to-day (
 ?ir/1 b ,i am n at all sure t we don't 
run "s risk ( dy+ ( hung]4' ,9 po9t (   
fact1 !re seem$ no possibility ( mak+ a 
fire4 ,!re 0 n a tree1 n a %rub1 n a    
root to be se54 ,z to argols1 ! ra9 _h  
long s9ce r$uc$ t combu/ible ( ! des]t  

to a liquid pulp4 ,! pilgrims 7 ab\t to 
p>take ( ! primitive f>e ( meal /eep$ 9 
cold wat]--a *e]less bev]age to ?ree m5 
dr5*$ to ! sk9--:5 at ! critical        
juncture up came two ,t>t>s4  ',sirs    
,lamas1 ?is day ! heav5s h fall54 ,y    
d\btless h be5 unable to make a fire4'  
',alas6 h[ %\ld we make a fire8 we h no 
argols4'  ',m5 are all bro!rs1 & belong 
to ea* o!r2 b laym5 %\ld hon\r & s]ve ! 
holy ones3 !re=e x is t we h come to    
make a fire = y4'  ,! fire soon blaz$ & 
crackl$1 & a hot repa/ spe$ily rejoic$ !
 jad$ frames ( ! two prie/s & ! imp     
,samdad4  ,! domicili>y hospitalities ( 
! ,t>t>s are frank & artless1 =m+ a m>k$
 contra/ to ! =mal reception ( /rang]s  
among ! ,*9ese4 ',on ent]+1 y give ! ^w 
( peace1 amor or m5don1 to ! company    
g5]ally4 ,y !n seat y\rself on ! "r ( ! 
head ( ! family1 :om y f9d squatt+ on ! 
floor opposite ! entrance4 ,next1       
ev]ybody takes f a purse1 susp5d$ at 8  
girdle1 a little snuff-bottle1 & mutual 
p9*es accompany su* phrases z ^!3 ,is ! 

pa/urage ) y ri* & abundant8 ,are y\r   
h]ds 9 f9e condition8 ,did y travel 9   
peace8 ,does tranquillity prevail8 ,!   
mi/ress !n sil5tly holds out h] h& to ! 
visitor4 ,he z sil5tly takes f 8        
brea/-pocket a small wood5 b[l1 !       
indisp5sable vade mecum ( all ,t>t>s1 & 
pres5ts x to ! ho/ess1 :o fills x ) tea 
& milk1 & returns x4' ,9 high] families1
 a table is spread ) butt]1 oatmeal1    
millet1 *eese1 all 9 small boxes (      
poli%$ wood2 & ^! luxuries are all mix$ 
9 ! ev]la/+ tea4 ,among/ ! upp]mo/      
ari/ocratic classes1 f]m5t$ milk is     
pr(f]$2 b ,europeans w\ld p]haps reg>d  
?is liquor z m hon\r$ by be+ set aside  
?an indulg$ 94  ,we n[ proce$ to exhibit
 "s traits ( ,t>t> "*1 z develop$ 9 _!  
int]c\rse ) _! ,asiatic bre?r54 ,z      
usual1 a horseman ov]takes or meets !   
travell]s2 & aft] ! cu/om>y salutations1
 ! mission>ies inquir$ :y he & 8 bre?r5 
did n cultivate corn1 in/ead ( all[+ e  
field to run to grass4  ',we ,mongols1' 
repli$ ?is /rang]1 'are =m$ = liv+ 9    

t5ts1 & pa/ur+ cattle4 ,s long z we kept
 to t 9 ! k+dom ( ,ge*ekt51 we 7 ri* &  
happy4 ,n[1 ev] s9ce ! ,mongols h set   
!mselves to cultivat+ ! l&1 & build+    
h\ses1 !y h become poor4 ,! ,kitats     
7,*9ese7 h tak5 possession ( ! c\ntry3  
flocks1 h]ds1 l&s1 h\ses--all h pass$   
into _! h&s4 ,!re rema9 to u only a few 
prairies1 on :i* /ill live "u _! t5ts   
su* ( ! ,mongols z h n be5 =c$ by utt]  
de/itution to emigrate to o!r l&s4'  ',b
 if ! ,*9ese are s baneful to y1 :y did 
y all[ !m to p5etrate into y\r c\ntry8' 
',we took pity on ^! wick$ ,kitats1 :o  
came to u weep+1 to solicit our *>ity4  
,we all[$ !m1 ?r\gh pure compassion1 to 
cultivate a few pat*es ( l&4 ,! ,mongols
 ins5sibly foll[$ _! example1 & ab&on$ !
 nomadic life4 ,!y drank ! w9e ( !      
,kitats1 & smok$ _! tobacco on cr$it2 !y
 b\ght _! manufactures on cr$it1 at     
d\ble ! real value4 ,:5 ! day ( paym5t  
came1 !re 0 no money ready1 & ! ,mongols
 _h to yield to ! viol5ce ( _! cr$itors 
h\ses1 l&s1 flocks1 ev]y?+4'  ',b c\ld y

 n seek ju/ice f ! tribunals8'  ',ju/ice
 f ! tribunals6 ,t is out ( ! "q4 ,!    
,kitats are skilful to talk & to lie4 ,x
 is impossible = a ,mongol to ga9 a suit
 aga9/ a ,kitat4 ,sirs ,lamas1 ! k+dom (
 ,ge*ekt5 is undone6'  ,aft]-exp]i5ce   
amply corroborat$ ! tru? ( ^! /atem5ts4 
',! comm]cial int]c\rse betwe5 ! ,t>t>s 
& ! ,*9ese is revolt+ly iniquit\s on !  
"p ( ! latt]4 ,s soon z ! ,mongols      
arrive 9 a trad+ t[n1 !y are snapp$ up  
by "s ,*9ese1 :o c>ry !m (f1 z x 71 by  
ma9 =ce to _! h\ses1 give !m tea =      
!mselves1 & =age = _! horses1 & cajole  
!m 9 e conceivable way4 ,! ,mongols take
 all !y he> to be p]fectly g5u9e1 &     
congratulate !mselves--consci\s1 z !y   
are1 ( _! inaptitude = bus9ess--^u _!   
good-=tune 9 ?us meet+ ) bro!rs ,ahaton1
 z !y say1 9 :om !y c place full        
confid5ce1 & :o w und]take to manage _! 
:ole bus9ess = !m4 ,a good d9n]1 provid$
 9 ! back-%op1 completes ! illusion--&  
:5 once ! ,*9ese has e/abli%$ 8 hold1 he
 employs all ! res\rces ( a skilful &   

utt]ly unpr9cipl$ knav]y4 ,he keeps 8   
victim 9 8 h\se1 eat+1 dr9k+1 & smok+ "o
 day aft] ano!r1 until 8 subord9ates h  
sold all ! poor man's cattle1 or :atev] 
else he has to sell1 & b\ght = him 9    
return ! commodities he requires1 at    
prices d\ble & treble ! m>ket value4 ,b 
s plausible is ! ,*9ese1 & s simple is !
 ,t>t>1 t ! latt] inv>iably dep>ts ) !  
mo/ entire confid5ce 9 ! imm5se         
philan?ropy ( ! =m]1 & ) a promise to   
return1 :5 he has o!r goods to sell1 to 
! e/abli%m5t :]e he has be5 treat$ s    
frat]nally4'  ,! mission>ies 7 !mselves 
mi/ak5 = ,t>t>s :5 !y visit$ ! ',blue   
,t[n1' & e k9d ( imposition 0 attempt$  
to be practis$ on !m4 ,! hotel sc\ts    
assail$ !m at _! fir/ entry1 & almo/    
compell$ !m1 by physical =ce1 to become 
_! gue/s2 %opkeep]s coz5$ on all h&s2 & 
ev5 bank]s condesc5d$ to *eat4 ,messrs  
,gabet & ,huc wi%$ to ex*ange silv] =   
,*9ese co9 curr5t4 ,! ,t>t>s c weigh1 b 
_c calculate1 & accord+ly ! bank-tell] (
 ,blue ,t[n1 aft] gravely consult+ 8    

s\an-pan 7ex*ange-table71 ann\nc$ !     
value to be ab\t a ?\s& sapeks less ?an 
x %\ld h be54 ,! mission>ies remon/rat$1
 & a colleague 0 call$ 9 to *eck ! sum1 
b he1 ) due gravity1 decl>$ t ! fir/ 0  
"r4 ,a by/&] int]f]$1 & decl>$ 9 fav\r (
 ! /rang]s4 ',sirs ,lamas1' said !      
bank]1 'y\r ma!matics are bett] ?an     
m9e4' ',oh1 n at all1' repli$ we1 ) a   
pr(\nd b[2 'y\r s\an-pan is excell5t2 b 
:o ev] he>d ( a calculator always exempt
 f error8' ,^! phrases 71 x seems1      
rigor\sly requir$ "u ! circum/ances by  
,*9ese polit5ess4 ,:5ev] any p]son 9    
,*9a is compromis$ by any awkw>d        
incid5t1 ^? pres5t always c>efully      
refra9 f any obs]vation :i* may make him
 blu%1 or1 z ! ,*9ese call x1 take away 
8 face4 ,a fur!r pro( ( ,*9ese cupidity 
0 af=d$ by ! admission ( a g5tleman1 :om
 we may take ! lib]ty ( d5om9at+ an     
,ori5tal bagman4 ,?is wor?y arriv$ at an
 inn aft] our travell]s _h secur$ all ! 
accommodation4  ',peace & happ9ess unto 
y1 ,sirs ,lamas2 d y ne$ ! :ole ( y\r   

room1 or c y accommodate me8'  ',:y n8  
,we are all bro!rs1 & %\ld s]ve ea*     
o!r4'  ',words ( excell5ce6 ,y are      
,t>t>s1 ,i am ,*9ese2 yet compreh5d+ !  
claims ( hospitality1 y act ^u ! tru? t 
all m5 are bro!rs4'  ',:i!r are y b\nd8 
,are y go+ to buy up salt or catsup = "s
 ,*9ese company8'  ',no2 ,i repres5t a  
great comm]cial h\se at ,pek+1 & ,i am  
collect+ "s debts f ! ,t>t>s4444 ,y1 l  
myself1 are ,t>t>-eat]s--y eat !m by    
pray]s1 ,i by comm]ce4 ,& :y n8 ,!      
,mongols are poor simpletons1 & we may z
 well get _! money z anybody else4444   
,oh1 we dev\r !m2 we pick !m clean6     
,:atev] !y see1 :5 !y come into our     
t[ns1 !y want2 & :5 we "k :o !y are1 &  
:]e we c f9d !m1 we let !m h goods ^u   
cr$it ( c\rse at a consid]able advance  
^u ! price1 & ^u int]e/ at #cj & #dj p] 
c5t41 :i* is q "r & necess>y4 ,9 ,*9a1 !
 emp]or's laws d n all[ ?is2 x is only  
done ) ! ,t>t>s4 ,well1 !y don't pay !  
money1 & ! int]e/ goes on until !re is a
 good sum ow+1 wor? ! com+ =4 ,:5 we    

come = x1 we take all ! cattle & %eep & 
horses we c get hold ( = ! int]e/1 &    
leave ! capital debt & future int]e/ to 
be paid next "t1 & s x goes on f "o     
g5]ation to ano!r4 ,oh1 a ,t>t> debt is 
a gold-m9e6'  ,! ye>ly settlem5t (      
acc\nts among/ ! ,*9ese furni%es ano!r  
curi\s *apt] 9 _! comm]cial life4 ,bills
 are made up to ! la/ few days ( ! ye>1 
'& e ,*9ese be+ at once debtor &        
cr$itor1 e ,*9ese is hunt+ 8 debtors &  
hunt$ by 8 cr$itors4 ,he :o returns f 8 
neighb\r's h\se1 :i* he has be5 ?r[+    
into utt] confusion by 8 clamor\s dem&s 
= :at ! neighb\r owes him1 f9ds 8 own   
h\se turn$ inside out by an upro>i\s    
cr$itor2 & s ! ?+ goes r\nd4 ,! :ole t[n
 is a sc5e ( vocif]ation1 disputation1 &
 fight+4 ,on ! la/ day ( ! ye>1 disord] 
atta9s its height2 p ru% 9 all          
directions ) any?+ !y c scrat* toge!r to
 raise money ^u at ! brok]'s or         
pawnbrok]'s--! %ops ( :i* tradesm5 are  
absolutely besieg$ ?r\gh\t ! day )      
pr(f]]s ( clo!s1 b$d+1 furniture1 cook+ 

ut5sils1 & movables ( e description4 ,^?
 :o h already cle>$ _! h\ses 9 ?is way1 
& yet h n satisfi$ ! dem&s ^u !m1 po/ (f
 to _! relations & fri5ds1 to borr[     
some?+ or o!r1 :i* !y v[ %all be return$
 imm$iately1 b :i* imm$iately takes its 
way to ! tang-pon or pawnbrok]'s4 ,?is  
species ( an>*y cont9ues till midnight1 
!n calm resumes its sway4 ,no "o1 aft] !
 twelf? h\r has /ruck1 c claim a debt1  
or ev5 make ! slighte/ allusion to x4 ,y
 n[ only he> ! words ( peace & good-w2  
ev]ybody frat]nises ) ev]ybody4 ,^? :o 7
 j be=e on ! po9t ( twi/+ _! neighb\r's 
neck1 n[ tw9e _! fri5dly arms ab\t x4'  
,t>t> w>riors & ,t>t> robb]s are also   
peculi> ( _! k9d4 ,! w>rior pres5ts a   
curi\s comb9ation ( ! national          
simplicity ) ! _s ( ! anci5t ,gascon4   
,two ( ^? milit>y g5tlem5 gave a s+ul>  
acc\nt ( ! w> ) ! ,rebels ( ! ,s\?1 z ! 
,engli% are designat$4 ,!y belong$ to ! 
,eight ,bann]s1 or army ( res]ve--&     
/at$1 t :5 at w> ! gr&-ma/] 7! emp]or ( 
,*9a7 fir/ s5t ! ,kitats aga9/ ! enemy2 

next ! bann]s ( ! ,solon c\ntry are set 
9 motion2 & if !y fail1 !n 'we 7!       
,t*ak>s7 take ! field1 & ! m]e s\nd (   
our m>* suffices to r$uce ! rebels to   
subjection6' ,9 ! ,engli% w>1 ! fir/ two
 classes avail$ n1 & !n came ! turn ( ! 
sacr$ ord]4 ',! ,kitats told u ev]y:]e t
 we 7 m>*+ ^u c]ta9 & unavail+ dea?4    
,:at c y d aga9/ sea-mon/]s8 ,!y live 9 
! wat] l fi%3 :5 y lea/ expect !m1 !y   
appe> on ! surface1 & hurl ! fire-bombs 
at y2 :ile ! in/ant y\r b[ is b5t to    
%oot !m1 d[n !y dive l frogs4' ,! ?ird  
class 0 n to be intimidat$2 ! lamas _h  
op5$ ! ,book ( ,cele/ial ,secrets1 &    
pr$ict$ victory2 & on !y m>*$1 till met 
) ! intellig5ce t ! rebels1 he>+ ( !    
approa* ( ?is inv9cible legion1 _h su$ =
 & obta9$ peace6  ,! robb]s ( ?is       
extraord9>y t]ritory are also entitl$ to
 claim cr$it = _! %>e ( ecc5tricity4    
',!y are extremely polite2 !y d n rudely
 clap a pi/ol to y\r e>1 & bawl at y3   
,y\r money or y\r life6 ,no2 !y mildly  
advance ) a c\rte\s salutation3 ,v5]able

 eld] bro!r1 ,i am on foot2 pray l5d me 
y\r horse4 ,i've got no money2 be good  
en\gh to l5d me y\r purse4 ,x's q cold  
to-day2 oblige me ) ! loan ( y\r coat4  
,if ! v5]able eld] bro!r *>itably       
complies1 ! matt] ends )3 ,?anks1 bro!r6
 b o!rwise1 ! reque/ is =?) emphasis$ ) 
! argum5ts ( a cudgel2 & if ^! d n      
conv9ce1 rec\rse is _h to ! sabre4'  ,z 
a matt] ( c\rse1 ,*9ese ?ieves belong 9 
contra/ to ! species ( :i* ! ',artful   
,dodg]' may be reg>d$ z ! type4 ,! modus
 op]&i ( ,ea/]n appropriators is ?is3   
',two ( !m1 associat$ toge!r = !        
purpose1 hawk ab\t v>i\s articles (     
m]*&ise--boots1 sk9-coats1 bricks ( tea1
 & :at n4 ,!y (f] ^! = sale to          
travell]s4 ,:ile "o ( !m engages !      
att5tion ( ! de/9$ victim by display+ 8 
goods & b>ga9+1 ! o!r f]rets ab\t1 &    
pockets :atev] he c lay 8 h&s on4 ,^!   
rascals h inconceivable skill 9 c\nt+   
y\r sapeks = y1 9 su* a way z to f+]    
fifty or "o hundr$ ( !m )\t y\r hav+ !  
slighte/ notion z to :at is go+ on4 ,"o 

day1 two ( ^! little ?ieves came to (f] 
= our pur*ase a pair ( lea!rn boots4    
,excell5t boots1 said !y--boots su* z we
 w\ld n f9d 9 any %op 9 ! :ole t[n2     
boots t w\ld keep out ! ra9 = days2 & z 
to *eapness1 p]fectly unexampl$4 ,if we 
miss$ ?is opportunity1 we %\ld nev] h   
su* ano!r4 ,only j be=e !y _h be5 (f]$  
#abjj sapeks = !m6 ,z we did n want     
boots1 we repli$ t we c\ld n h !m at any
 price4 ,!reupon ! act+ m]*ant assum$ a 
l(ty tone ( g5]osity4 ,we 7 =eign]s1 we 
%\ld h !m = #ajjj sapeks1 #ijj1 #hjj1   
#gjj4 ,well1 said we1 we c]ta9ly don't  
want any boots j n[2 yet d\btless1 z y  
say1 ^! are v *eap1 & x w be wor? :ile  
to buy !m z a res]ve4 ,! b>ga9 0        
accord+ly conclud$2 we took our purse & 
c\nt$ out #gjj sapeks to ! m]*ant1 :o   
c\nt$ !m ov] himself1 "u our v eyes1    
pron\nc$ ! am\nt correct1 & once m laid 
! co9 be=e u4 ,he !n call$ out to 8     
companion1 :o 0 pok+ ab\t 9 ! c\rt-y>d3 
,"h1 ,i h sold ^! capital boots = #gjj  
sapeks4 ,nons5se1 cri$ ! o!r2 #gjj      

sapeks6 ,i wont he> ( su* a ?+6 ,v well1
 said we2 come1 take y\r boots1 & be (f 
) y6 ,he 0 (f1 & s quickly1 t we ?\ght x
 exp$i5t to c\nt our sapeks once m3 !re 
7 #aej ( !m gone2 & t 0 n all4 ,:ile "o 
( ^! rascals _h be5 pocket+ our money "u
 our v nose1 ! o!r _h bagg$ two great   
iron p9s t we _h driv5 into ! c\rt-y>d =
 ! purpose ( our camels4 ,!re=e1 we took
 a resolution1 bett] late ?an nev]1 to  
admit 9 future no m]*ant :atev] into our
 room4'  ,we _c suffici5tly regret1 t   
two travell]s :o h furni%$ u ) su*      
int]e/+ acc\nts ( t]ritories            
comp>atively s little unexplor$1 %\ld1  
aft] a brief soj\rn1 h be5 compell$ to  
quit ! sc5e ( _! lab\rs4 ,aft] eighte5  
mon?s' travel1 ,messrs ,huc & ,gabet    
arriv$ at ! ,?ibetian t[n ( ,lha-,ssa1  
:]e1 "u ! protection ( ! local          
au?orities1 !y rema9$ unmole/$ = sev]al 
weeks2 b _! pres5ce excit$ ! jeal\sy (  
,ki-,*an1 ! deputy ( ! emp]or ( ,*9a1 & 
at 8 in/igation ! nomekhan ( ,lha-,ssa  
ord]$ !m to quit4 ,!y ultimately settl$ 

at ,macao 9 #ahdf1 & !re compil$ !      
n>rative f :i* we h be5 quot+4          
,,footnotes3  #c ,travels 9 ,t>t>y1     
,?ibet1 & ,*9a1 dur+ ! ye>s #ahdd-e-f4  
,by ,m4 ,huc4 ,translat$ by ,w4         
,hazlitt4 ,london4 7,national ,illu/rat$
 ,libr>y47     ,a ,,da9ty ,,di%4        
,among ! v>iety ( curi\s insects :i* are
 common to tropical climates1 ! groogroo
 worms ( ! ,we/ ,indies may be consid]$ 
p>ticul>ly int]e/+4 ,f ! peculi> mann] 9
 :i* !y are produc$1 & f ! circum/ance (
 _! con/itut+ a *oice article ( food =  
man1 !y become entitl$ to "s att5tion4  
,! groogroo worm--s call$ because x is  
f\nd 9 a species ( palm vulg>ly call$ ! 
groogroo--is ! l>va ( a l>ge-siz$       
beetle1 ! ,prionus1 :i* is peculi> to ! 
w>m latitudes ( ,am]ica4 ,) ! exception 
( a slight simil>ity ab\t ! region ( !  
head1 ! worm be>s no resemblance to !   
p>5t beetle4 ,:5 full-gr[n1 x is ab\t   
#c-a_/b in*es 9 l5g?1 hav+ ! body l>ge &
 turgid1 & increas+ 9 circumf]5ce f !   
head t[>ds ! opposite extremity4 ,! head

 is ( a corne\s1 opaque sub/ance4 ,x has
 nei!r eyes nor ! rudim5ts ( ! ant5n :i*
 di/+ui% ! beetle tribe4 ,x is1 h[ev]1  
provid$ ) ! m&ibles & o!r oral app>atus 
( ! m&ibulate gr\p ( insects1 & x is    
only 9 ?is feature t any connection ) ! 
beetle c be trac$4 ,! trunk is precisely
 t ( a worm2 x consi/s ( _m             
closely-knitt$ segm5ts1 :i* are possess$
 ( an extraord9>y contractile p[]4 ,x   
be>s no m>k :i* w\ld indicate a future  
metamorphosis into a beetle4 ,!re is no 
sign ( a future division into ?orax &   
abdom54 ,!re are no rudim5ts ( w+s or   
feet1 z ! "u surface ( ! body pres5ts   
exactly ! same appe>ances z ! upp]4 ,at 
! po/]ior extremity ( ! worm1 h[ev]1 !re
 is a small horny t]m9ation1 some?+ l ! 
h9d] "p ( a lee*4 ,! organs are exce$+ly
 simple1 ! dige/ive be+ ! mo/ develop$4 
,album5 is ! sub/ance :i* composes its  
body1 & its blood is ( a gre5i% t9t4 ,) 
a motion simil> to t ( ! e>?worm1 x     
p]=ates ) extraord9>y rapidity into !   
sub/ance ( ! tree 9 :i* x is f\nd4  ,:5 

! moon is at h] full1 ! ga!r] ( worms   
ent]s a neighb\r+ wood1 & selects a "y  
palmi/e tree4 ,?is is a tree ( ! palm   
ord]1 exce$+ly /ately & graceful1 gr[+  
sometimes to ! extraord9>y height (     
eighty feet4 ,f ! roots upw>ds1 x has n 
a s+le bran* or %rubby excresc5ce1 b    
gr[s beautifully smoo? & /raight1 tap]+ 
t[>ds ! top4 ,at its top1 an abundance (
 ! ri*e/ & mo/ beautiful leaves spread  
out 9 graceful symmetry1 & b5d d[n on   
all sides1 =m+ a figure l an umbrella2  
:ile ! "y leaf1 /ill firm & compact 9   
its foli> envelope1 is se5 /&+ erect 9 !
 c5tre ( ?is foliage1 l a               
lightn+-conductor4  ,:5 a promis+       
palmi/e is f\nd1 ! ga!r] makes an       
incision into x ) a cutlass or a hat*et4
 ,?is incision is g5]ally 9 ! figure ( a
 half-moon1 ) ! base ( ! semicircle     
d[nw>ds1 & ! w\nd increas+ 9 dep? 9 t   
direction1 s z to expose effectually !  
fle% ( ! tree4 ,:5 ?is is done1 ! ga!r] 
m>ks ! locality1 & leaves ! tree1 :i* he
 does n revisit = a consid]able "t4 ,:5 

! moon is 9 h] wane1 he returns &       
exam9es 8 palmi/e4 ,if ! "y leaf1 toge!r
 ) ! o!rs1 beg9s to %ew a yell[ t+e at  
its extremity1 & if1 on application ( 8 
e> to ! trunk1 a holl[1 rumbl+ noise is 
he>d )91 he concludes t ! worms h       
attack$ ! vital p>ts1 & ! tree is       
imm$iately cut d[n2 b if ^! symptoms are
 abs5t1 ! tree is left /&+ until !y     
appe>4 ,! ga!r]1 h[ev]1 mu/ n[ visit !  
tree frequ5tly1 because ! transition ( !
 insects is s rapid1 t almo/ imm$iately 
aft] ! appe>ance ( ! yell[ t+e ! :ole   
w\ld disappe>4 ,:5 ! tree is fell$1 a   
squ>e portion ( ! b>k is cut out        
longitud9ally f ! orig9al incision      
upw>ds1 & its fibr\s texture laid op54  
,myriads ( worms are !n se5 voraci\sly  
dev\r+ _! way ?r\gh ! sub/ance4 ,9      
captur+ !m "s degree ( dext]ity is      
necess>y1 bo? to protect "o's self f !  
m&ibles ( ! insects1 :i* inflict a      
pa9ful bite1 & also to save "t1 by      
prev5t+ !m f burr[+ out ( sight4 ,:5 !  
worms are tak51 !y are plac$ into a     

close vessel1 :]e !y cont9ue to reta9 _!
 activity & vig\r4  ,! numb] t c be     
procur$ f a s+le tree1 dep5ds altoge!r  
^u ! season 9 :i* x is w\nd$4 ,if ! moon
 is at h] full1 !y are g5]ally num]\s & 
good--_m ?\s&s be+ f\nd 9 an ord9>y "y  
tree ( #be feet 9 height4 ,if a few     
succe$ 9 elud+ ! ga!r]1 !y d s only to  
become a prey ( z voraci\s animals1 = ! 
wild hogs1 or qu5cos1 ( ! =e/ reli% mu* 
! s(t sub/ance ( ! palmi/e :5 9 a /ate (
 decomposition4 ,x nev] happ5s1 !re=e1 t
 mu* "t passes be=e !y discov] any      
palmi/e-tree t has be5 fell$2 & z soon z
 night sets 91 !y flock 9 numb]s to !   
spot & dev\r ! :ole sub/ance4 ,a ga!r+ (
 worms1 !re=e1 br+s a hunt ( qu5cos2 & !
 ga!r]1 :5 8 fir/ bus9ess is ov]1 *ooses
 a conv5i5t tree1 :]e he places himself 
9 ambu%4 ,seat$ on a cross bran*1 he    
awaits ! com+ ( ! animals4  ,x is       
difficult to =m an idea ( ! peculi>     
excitem5t ( ?is midnight sport 9 ! ?ick 
woods ( a tropical c\ntry4 ,! usual     
/illness ( ! night1 & ! solitude ( !    

wild]ness--! croak+ ( ! night-birds1 !  
movem5t ( e leaf1 animat$ z x is by !   
myriads ( nocturnal insects t fill !    
atmosph]e--! brilliant & fleet+         
fire-flies trav]s+ ! gloom--! /range    
animals w&]+ 9 _! nightly pr[l+s--!     
approa* ( ! grunt+ hogs1 & ! incid5ts ( 
! hunt3 all ^! ?+s1 comb9$ ) ! idea (   
isolation :5 a man f9ds himself alone 9 
! wilds ( a sc>cely p]vi\s =e/1 create  
an inexpressible feel+ ( m+l$ fe>1      
pleasure1 & anxiety4  ,be=e ! worms are 
cook$1 !y are1 ea* 9 its turn1 c>efully 
prick$ ) an orange-?orn1 & ?r[n into a  
vessel conta9+ a sauce ( lime-juice &   
salt4 ,?is is = ! purpose ( cleans+ !m f
 ! viscid fluids !y may h imbib$ f !    
palmi/e4 ,not)/&+ ?is discipl9e1 ! worms
 reta9 _! vitality till !y are depriv$ (
 x by ! cul9>y process4 ,! simpl] mode (
 dress+ !m is to spit a numb] toge!r on 
a piece ( /ick or a long orange-?orn1 & 
roa/ !m be=e ! fire 9 _! own fat4 ,!    
g5]al mode1 h[ev]1 is by fry+ !m ) or   
)\t a sauce1 & :5 dress$ 9 ?is mann]1 !y

 =m a mo/ sav\ry di%4  ,groogroo worms  
are consid]$ great delicacies 9 "s p>ts 
( ! ,we/ ,indies1 *iefly 9 ^? ^:        
inhabitants are ( ,fr5* or ,spani%      
orig94 ,! good old plant] at 8 table    
pres5ts y ) a di% ( worms1 ) z mu* pride
 z an epicure 9 ,engl& introduces y to  
cod-s\nds1 eels1 or high v5ison4 ,nor   
does x appe> t !re is any peculi>ity 9 !
 ta/e ( ^? :o reli% ! insects2 because x
 v frequ5tly happ5s1 t ! /rang]1 :o     
manife/$ on 8 arrival ! greate/ disgu/  
at ! idea ( eat+ worms1 becomes         
imm$iately conv]t$ into an extravagant  
lov] ( !m4  ,x may appe> /range1 t 9 !  
tropics1 especially1 :]e nature provides
 s abundantly = ! wants ( man1 su*      
creatures %\ld be resort$ to z articles 
( consumption2 b :ile we on ?is side ( !
 ,atlantic are %ock$ at ! idea ( eat+   
worms1 ! ,we/ ,indian consum] 9 8 turn  
expresses surprise t human be+s c use   
?+s :i* resemble snakes s mu* z eels1 & 
pron\nces x to be ! height ( uncleanness
 to eat frogs1 z "s ( ! cont95tals d4   

,inde$1 ! groogroo worm is by no means m
 repulsive 9 appe>ance ?an any ( ! o!r  
unprepossess+ creatures :i* are s highly
 priz$4 ,x w\ld be a difficult matt] to 
decide on ! m]its ( ! _m extraord9>y ?+s
 :i* ! ta/e ( man1 9 its morbid crav+s1 
has discov]$ & conv]t$ into luxuri\s    
use2 & ! philosoph] f9ds himself at la/ 
driv5 to take %elt] f 8 own unansw]able 
inquiries beh9d ! conclud+ p[] ( t mo/  
true1 b some:at mu/y prov]b3 ',de       
gu/ibus non e/ disput&um4'              
,,gratitude ,,( ,,! ,,c\ntry ,,= ,,/eam 
,,communication4   ,mr ,patrick ,mill] (
 ,dalsw9ton1 :o fir/ exp]im5t$ 9 !      
application ( /eam to navigation1 nev]  
receiv$ any m>k ( gratitude f 8 c\ntry2 
8 family1 ?\gh long 9 comp>atively r$uc$
 circum/ances1 rema9 to ?is day equally 
)\t requital on t acc\nt4 ,h5ry ,bell1  
:o1 tak+ 8 ideas f ,mr ,mill]'s         
exp]im5tal boat1 fir/ set a /eam-vessel 
afloat 9 ?is c\ntry1 sp5t 8 latt] ye>s 9
 pov]ty1 f :i* he 0 rescu$ only a %ort  
"t be=e 8 dea? by a small p5sion f !    

,clyde ,tru/ees4 ,mr ,?omas ,gray1 ^:   
,obs]vations on ,railways1 publi%$ ab\t 
?irty ye>s ago1 may be said to h giv5   
orig9 & impulse to our pres5t railway   
sy/em1 by :i* ?ree hundr$ millions h be5
 exp5d$1 di$ 9 pov]ty1 to :i* he _h be5 
r$uc$ by 8 ex]tions 9 ! cause2 8 wid[ & 
*ildr5 are at ?is day 9 t /ate1 )\t any 
public ackn[l$gm5t ( 8 s]vices to !     
c\ntry2 & 8 son has lately appli$ to    
ne>ly e railway company 9 ! k+dom = a   
situation1 b 9 va94 ,beyond a p5sion (  
,l4#ej a ye> to ! wid[ ( ,mr ,james     
,taylor1 :o prompt$ ,mr ,mill] to try 8 
exp]im5ts1 we are n aw>e ( a s+le p5ny  
hav+ be5 exp5d$ by ! c\ntry 9 requit+ ! 
s]vices1 or comp5sat+ ! losses1 (       
individuals 9 respect ( /eam            
communications ( any k9d4     ,a ,,dream
 ,,( ,,resurrection4       ,s heav5ly   
beautiful x lay1       ,x 0 less l a    
human corse       ,?an t fair %ape 9 :i*
 p]=ce     ,a dead hope clo!s itself    
alway4      ,! dream %ew$ v pla93 ! b$  
,:]e t kn[n unkn[n face repos$--        

,a woman's face ) eyelids clos$1     ,a 
some?+ preci\s t 0 dead3      ,a some?+1
 lo/ on ?is side life1       ,by :i* !  
m\rn] came & /ood1       ,& laid d[n1   
ne'er to be r5ew$1     ,all glitt]+     
robes ( e>?ly /rife2--      ,%r$ (f1 l  
votive locks ( hair1       ,y\?'s       
ornam5ts ( joy & /r5g?1       ,& ca/ !m 
9 _! gold5 l5g?     ,! sil5ce ( t bi] to
 %>e4      ,no te>s fell--b a gaze1     
fix$1 long1       ,t memory might pr9t !
 face       ,on ! he>t's ev]-vacant     
space     ,) a sun-f+]1 %>p & /rong4    
,!n kisses1 dropp+ )\t s\nd2       ,&   
solemn arms w\nd r\nd ! dead2       ,&  
lift+ f ! natural b$     ,into ! c(f9's 
/range new b\nd2      ,yet /ill no      
p>t+--no belief       ,9 dea?2 no m ?an 
we believe       ,9 "s dread falsehood t
 w\ld weave     ,! _w 9 "o black %r\d ( 
grief4      ,& /ill1 unansw]$ kisses2   
/ill1       ,w>m cl++s to ! image cold1 
,) an impossible fai?'s close fold1     
,creative1 ?r\gh its fi]ce ',i w4'      
,hu%1 hu%6 ! m>ble eyelids move2        

,! kiss$ lips quiv] into brea?2         
,avaunt1 ?\ gha/ly-seem+ ,dea?6         
,avaunt6 ,we are conqu]ors--,i & ,love6 
,corse ( dead hope1 awake1 arise6       
,a liv+ hope1 t only slept       ,until 
! te>s ?us ov]wept     ,_h wa%$ !       
bl9dness f our eyes4      ,come back    
into ! upp] day6       ,da% (f ^?       
c]em5ts6 ,pati5t %r\d1       ,we'll wrap
 !e z a g>m5t pr\d     ,r\nd ! bright   
%ape we ?\ght 0 clay4      ,clasp1 arms6
 ,cl+1 s\l6 ,eyes1 dr9k anew1       ,l  
pilgrims at a liv+ spr+6       ,fai?1 t 
out-lov$ ?is p]i%+1     ,may see ?is    
resurrection too4         99       99   
99       99       99  ,pr9t$ & ,publi%$ 
by ,w4 & ,r4 ,,*amb]s1 ,high ,/reet1    
,ed9burgh4 ,also sold by ,w4 ,s4 ,,orr1 
,am5 ,corn]1 ,london2 ,d4 ,n4 ,,*amb]s1 
#ee ,we/ ,nile ,/reet1 ,glasg[2 & ,j4   
,m',,gla%an1 #ej ,upp] ,sackville       
,/reet1 ,dubl94--,adv]tisem5ts = ,mon?ly
 ,p>ts are reque/$ to be s5t to         
,,maxwell  ,,co41 #ca ,ni*olas ,lane1   
,lomb>d ,/reet1 ,london1 to :om all     

applications respect+ _! ins]tion mu/ be
 made4