file which includes the original illustrations4 ,see #bbjbi-;h4htm or #bbjbi-;h4zip3 7https3_/_/www4gutenberg4org_/dirs_/#b_/ b_/j_/b_/bbjbi_/bbjbi-;h_/#bbjbi-;h4htm7 or 7https3_/_/www4gutenberg4org_/dirs_/#b_/ b_/j_/b_/bbjbi_/bbjbi-;h4zip7 ,images of the original pages are available through ,internet ,archive_/,american ,libraries4 ,see http3_/_/www4archive4org_/details_/spool knitting#jjmccorich ,,spool ,,knitting by ,,mary ,a4 ,mc,c,o,r,m,a,c,k ,illustration ,new ,york ,a4 ,s4 ,barnes ,company #aiji ,copyright1 #aiji by ,a4 ,s4 ,barnes ,company4 ,,contents ,,page ,spool ,knitting #a ,toy ,knitters #c ,round ,web #e ,flat ,web #g ,circular ,mat #i ,ball for ,baby #aa ,doll's ,muff #ac ,collarette #ae ,tom ,o' ,shanter ,cap #ag ,baby's ,rattle #ai ,toboggan ,cap #ba ,child's ,bath or ,bedroom ,slippers #bc ,small ,mittens #be ,doll's ,hood #bg ,doll's ,coat or ,jacket #bi ,bootees #cc ,little ,boy ,blue #ce ,little ,red ,riding ,hood #cg ,doll's ,skirt #ci ,little ,boy's ,hat #da ,child's ,muffler #dc ,child's ,hood #de ,little ,girl's ,hat #dg ,doll's ,sweater #di ,wristlets #ea ,shoulder ,shawl #ec ,doll's ,carriage ,robe #ee ,child's ,leggings #eg ,muffler #ei ,made of ,knitting ,cotton #fa ,jumping ,rope #fc ,toy ,horse ,reins #fe ,wash ,cloth #fg ,school ,bag #fi ,chimney ,cleaner #ga ,doll's ,hammock #gc ,illustration ,,spool ,,knitting ,few elementary exercises have aroused more interest in the child than the toy knitting2 due1 perhaps1 to its simplicity and his power to do it easily and well4 ,to some keen observer the little orb-weaving spider may have suggested this form of occupation4 ,be this as it may1 the child who is a lover of nature will be quick to perceive the strong resemblance he bears to this little insect while at work with his toy knitter1 going from post to post just as the insect worked its net in spiral form on his framework of radiating lines4 ,the possibilities of an empty spool and a few pins are almost without limitations4 ,the illustrations here given are merely suggestive of many more that can be worked out along these lines4 ,they are not simply to momentarily attract the child1 but to permit of individual growth1 and to have him participate in the joy of its ultimate use4 ,illustration ,toy ,knitters ,toy knitters are made of a cylindrical piece of wood two and one-half or three inches long and at least one inch in diameter4 ,this size enables the child to grasp it easily and work without cramping the fingers4 ,a hole one-fourth or one-half inch in diameter is bored lengthwise through the center to admit the work4 ,spools are used to advantage where knitters cannot be obtained4 ,pins1 staples1 or wire nails are used as posts4 ,these are driven into the wood and then curved outward a little at the top with pliers1 to prevent the work from slipping off4 ,one1 two1 three or four posts may be used4 ,a number of forms of web can be made1 but the simplest and quickest are those made on the knitters having but two posts4 ,the four-post knitters are also simple and are used where a thick cord is needed4 ,except otherwise specified two-post knitters are used for these models4 ,illustration ,round ,web ,drop worsted through the hole in the center of the knitter and draw it out at the other end1 three inches4 ,this end is used to draw the work through the knitter4 ,carry the worsted leading from the ball1 around the post to the right1 across the center of the hole in the knitter and around the post to the left2 then back across the center to the post at the right1 thus making two stitches on this post4 ,lift the lower or first stitch with a large pin or knitting needle1 carry it over the second stitch and drop it over the post2 then across the center to the post at the left and repeat4 ,so continue until the desired length is obtained4 ,it will require seven yards of yarn to make one yard of web on the two-post knitter4 ,illustration ,flat ,web ,begin in the same way as for round web1 but after carrying the first or lower stitch over the second stitch on each post1 bring the worsted back around the same post1 and over to the post on the opposite side and repeat4 ,this will leave two stitches on each post4 ,in knitting flat webs1 two stitches must always be left on the end posts1 and these two are carried over the third stitch and dropped over the post in working back and forth4 ,it requires eleven yards of yarn to make one yard of flat web on the two-post knitter4 ,illustration ,circular ,mat ,a mat five inches in diameter requires two and one-half yards of round web4 ,start sewing with the piece of worsted hanging from the end of the web4 ,coil and sew in place by taking up the underhalf of a stitch on the right1 then the underhalf of a stitch on the left side usually called ball stitch4 ,continue alternating from right to left1 taking up one stitch at a time except when it is necessary to widen2 then sew two stitches of the web into one in the mat4 ,run the end of sewing thread back in the sewing to fasten it4 ,when starting with a new sewing thread1 put the needle in one inch back from where sewing ended and run it through the work to where the last stitch was taken4 ,illustration ,ball for ,baby ,use round web4 ,start with end of web and sew and coil as for round mat4 ,widen only when necessary to keep it from drawing in too quickly4 ,when desired width or center of ball is reached1 fill with tissue paper or a ball of soft cotton4 ,the sewing is then continued and each row narrowed off by taking two stitches in part already sewed and one in the web4 ,when the same number of rows is narrowed the filling should be entirely covered4 ,the end left over will serve as a cord for the ball4 ,flat web may be used by taking twelve pieces three inches long and sewing them together--alternating color and white1 if desired4 ,run a draw-thread around the bottom and fill with paper or cotton2 then run a draw-thread around the top4 ,finish with a cord made of a piece of round web4 ,illustration ,doll's ,muff ,this will require three yards of round web4 ,sew the web into a rectangular piece three inches wide and five inches long4 ,join the three-inch ends together and draw up the ends a little to form the muff4 ,finish with cord to go around the neck4 ,illustration ,collarette ,round web five yards4 ,measure the doll's neck for collar4 ,gradually widen each row in the back4 ,bring the third row of web down in front to form the tabs2 then up to the back of collarette and finish the back1 bringing the last row down in front into the tabs4 ,paper patterns may be used as a guide1 but children should be encouraged to draw and cut their own patterns4 ,illustration ,tam ,o' ,shanter ,cap ,measure the doll's head and make the top of the crown twice the diameter of the head4 ,it is sewed in the same way as the circular mat4 ,when the desired width of crown is obtained1 begin the under side of the crown by narrowing off--that is1 taking two stitches in the crown and sewing them into one stitch in the web4 ,continue until the desired opening for the head is obtained4 ,two rows of web will complete the headband4 ,finish with a pompon on top4 ,use round web4 ,illustration ,baby's ,rattle ,the foundation ring is made of a piece of splint or flat pith fifteen inches long4 ,form this into a ring1 having the ends lap two inches4 ,wrap this with knitting cotton or yarn1 being careful to keep winding even4 ,when the winding is completed1 draw the end of cotton underneath the winding with a needle to fasten it4 ,use three pieces of round web for spokes4 ,fasten all three together in the center4 ,bells may be sewed on the outside or inside of the ring4 ,illustration ,toboggan ,cap ,to make a cap five inches long and four inches wide1 knit eighty-four inches of flat web4 ,begin five inches from the end of the web1 turn and sew into a rectangular form five inches wide and eight inches long4 ,join the five-inch ends1 and draw in the top with the needle and a piece of the material from which the cap was made4 ,after securing the top1 twist and fold the piece of yarn remaining for a cord and fasten a number of strands of yarn through the loop for a tassel4 ,illustration ,child's ,bath or ,bedroom ,slippers ,length of sole1 five and one-half inches4 ,it is well to have the soles before beginning to sew4 ,they can be secured at any store4 ,each slipper requires two and one-half yards of round web4 ,start at the back of the heel 7,a1 of illustration71 and make the first two rows three inches high1 then gradually shorten the next three rows1 and keep each row this height until the instep is finished4 ,the first row on the vamp 7,b1 of illustration7 is made one inch higher than the side4 ,each row is then gradually shortened1 the last row being three-fourths of an inch high 7,c1 of illustration74 ,this will complete one-half of the slipper4 ,the other half is made in just the reverse way by continuing the sewing from the toe 7,c1 of illustration7 back to the heel1 taking care that each row is exactly the same height as the corresponding row on the opposite side4 ,join the back of the heel and sew to the soles before closing the vamp in front4 ,sew vamp up the center by catching corresponding loops together4 ,make cord and tassel to go around the top1 as in illustration of finished slippers4 ,illustration ,small ,mittens ,sixty inches of flat web will be required for each mitten4 ,cut off eight pieces six inches long4 ,in cutting1 clip just one stitch and run the ends across1 and sew them into a cylindrical form4 ,draw in the top with a needle and a piece of the material and fasten securely4 ,leave an opening on one side for the thumb4 ,the thumb is made of three pieces sewed together4 ,the longest piece is three inches and the others each two and three-fourths inches long4 ,in sewing it into the mitten1 have the longest piece come down toward the wrist4 ,gradually form and sew it in place4 ,draw in the top and fasten securely4 ,,cord ,this is made of round web1 knitted the desired length4 ,the length will vary a little according to size of the child1 but four and one-half feet is a good length4 ,the mittens are fastened to the ends of the cord4 ,illustration ,doll's ,hood ,this requires two yards of round web4 ,start with the end of the web and sew into a circular form for the crown4 7,see illustration ,a47 ,the sixth row is brought down to within one inch of the center of the back4 ,turn and sew around to within one inch from the center of the back on the opposite side4 ,this will leave two inches free in the back of the hood4 ,turn and continue sewing in this way for five rows1 which will form the side of hood4 ,the remaining part of the web is then brought around the face of the hood and across the back1 as one would sew a cord4 ,finish with cord and tassel for tie-strings4 ,a rosette of yarn may be made for the top or side4 ,illustration ,doll's ,coat or ,jacket ,this may be made of round or flat web4 ,the coat is begun at the under-arm seam a4 ,for a coat five inches long begin three inches from the end of the web to make the first turn4 ,sew from this turn to the starting end of the web b1 fasten the sewing thread and cut it off4 ,the second row is made eleven inches long1 or long enough to go over the shoulder and down the back1 b to c4 ,sew four rows in this way to form the front and part of the back2 then four rows five inches long for the back2 then four more rows eleven inches long for the other shoulder and front d to e4 ,sew the fifth or last row up three inches for the other under-arm seam4 ,join the under-arm seams1 leaving an opening of two inches for sleeves if they are desired4 ,if not1 the armhole and neck can be finished off with some contrasting color4 ,illustration ,for the sleeves1 measure the length of the doll's arm and make the first row this length4 ,make each row a little longer than the preceding row until the top or shoulder part is reached1 then gradually shorten each row until the desired width is obtained4 ,the last row should be the same length as the first row4 ,when sewing them in the coat1 have the longest part come at the top of the shoulder4 ,buttons are made by braiding yarn and sewing it in the form of buttons4 ,a cord for fastening is made by braiding1 or twisting and folding the yarn4 ,it is then sewed into loops or used as cord and tassel for tying4 ,illustration ,bootees ,knit two yards of round web for each bootee4 ,start two inches from the end of the web for the first turn4 ,sew into an elliptical form three and one-half inches long for the sole4 ,sew two more rows without widening for the sides of the foot2 then sew two rows across the front for the toe2 the third row bring all around the top to complete the foot4 ,the leg of the bootee is made by bringing the web directly upward three inches before making the first turn4 ,make each row three inches high and catch each row into the top of the foot while sewing4 ,put cord and tassel around where the leg and foot meet4 ,illustration ,little ,boy ,blue ,make coat according to directions given for doll's coat4 ,measure the length of the doll's leg for the length of the trousers4 ,use flat web and sew it into two rectangular pieces wide enough to make each leg a little full4 ,join the inside seams part way and then join the open edge of the right front with the open edge of the left front4 ,do the same with the back edges4 ,put a draw-string around the top1 or a piece of the web may be used for a waistband4 ,put in a draw-string around the bottom of each leg4 ,illustration ,little ,red ,riding-,hood ,the doll shown in illustration is ten and one-half inches tall4 ,to make cape and hood in one piece sew two rows of flat web1 six and one-half inches long1 for the center of the back4 ,these two rows will also give the desired fulness4 ,the next five rows are made nineteen inches long1 or long enough to reach over the head and down to form the two sides of the cape and hood4 ,after these five rows are completed1 sew five rows six inches long on each side of the front of the cape1 to make it wide enough to meet across the chest4 ,close the cape and the hood in the back4 ,the part above the six and a half inch rows will form the hood4 ,draw in the top of these two short rows and sew to the base of the hood4 ,put in a draw-string around the top of the right side of the cape in front1 carry it around the base of the hood1 around the top of the cape on the left side and tie in front4 ,illustration ,doll's ,skirt ,this skirt is five inches long and made of flat web4 ,the first and last rows are made one and a quarter inch shorter than the other rows forming the skirt4 ,these two rows are sewed together when the skirt is finished1 thus forming the placket and also the desired fulness in the back4 ,there are sixteen rows in all4 ,each two1 when sewed together1 form a scollop at the top and bottom where the web is turned4 ,in sewing care must be taken to have each row the exact length of the preceding row except in the first and last row4 ,the top of the skirt may be finished with a draw-string or a band made from cloth4 ,the bottom of the skirt may be left as it is1 or be finished with a blanket stitch of some contrasting color4 ,the skirt requires five yards of flat web4 ,illustration ,little ,boy's ,hat ,measure the child's head for the size of the hat4 ,make the crown of the hat one-half of this measurement4 ,if the child's head measures twenty-two inches around1 make the crown eleven inches in diameter4 ,the crown is circular and is made in the same way as the circular mat1 taking two stitches of web and sewing them into one stitch of the crown already sewed to keep it flat4 ,when it is of the desired size1 begin the side by sewing one stitch of the web into one of the crown1 at the same time holding the web to be sewed directly under the last row in the crown4 ,make the side twice as long as the desired height of the hat4 ,for instance1 if the desired height is to be three and a half inches1 make the side seven inches long1 as one-half of this measurement is turned up4 ,two colors may be used1 one color for the crown and one for the side4 ,red and black or red and white are pretty combinations4 ,a doll's hat of the same style1 the crown three and a half inches in diameter1 requires five yards of round web4 ,illustration ,child's ,muffler ,this is a combination of flat and round web4 ,knit ten inches of flat web1 change to round web by bringing the yarn across the center of the hole in the knitter to the opposite post1 and knit ten inches1 or the number of inches necessary to go around the neck4 ,change again to flat web1 knit ten inches and clip off4 ,make seven such pieces and sew them together to form the muffler4 ,the round web will form the neck part4 ,do not remove from the knitter while changing from flat to round web4 ,illustration ,child's ,hood ,this is made much in the same way as the doll's hood4 ,make the back of the hood five inches in diameter1 then turn the web and form the side4 ,sew around to within four inches of the place of turning on the opposite side and turn again4 ,so continue until the side is sufficiently wide to cover the child's head4 ,extend this side three inches beyond the desired width1 widening on each row of the extended part to give fulness4 ,this widening may be omitted1 and the extended part turned back1 leaving it perfectly plain1 if desired4 ,trim with rosettes or pompons made of the same material as the hood4 ,turn back the extended part and tack to the hood4 ,sew a pompon or a rosette of yarn over the top of the sewing stitch4 ,for tie-strings1 use cord and tassel1 or ribbon4 ,the hood requires from twenty-five to thirty yards4 ,illustration ,little ,girl's ,hat ,this requires twenty-five yards of round web4 ,measure the child's head for the size of the hat4 ,start the crown in the same way as the circular mat4 ,when it is five inches in diameter1 gradually turn the crown1 while sewing the next five or six rows4 ,when the desired width is reached1 begin forming the side by sewing one stitch of web into one stitch of the crown1 keeping each row exactly under the preceding row until the desired height is obtained2 then gradually widen to form the rim1 which is three and a half or four inches broad4 ,do not widen any on the last two rows1 but draw the web a little tighter while sewing to make the edge of the rim roll or turn inward4 ,finish with cord and tassels around the crown1 or pompons on the right or left side of the front of the hat4 ,illustration ,doll's ,sweater ,this is made of five and one-half yards of flat web cut into pieces of a desired length4 ,cut three pieces seven inches long for the front4 ,one inch and a half of this will also form the neck4 ,when cutting1 clip only one stitch and pull out the ends4 ,the next two pieces are cut five and one-half inches long and sewed one on each side of the front one inch and a half below the top end4 ,each succeeding row is made a little shorter to form the shoulder1 the shortest pieces forming the outside edges4 ,make the back of the sweater in the same way and sew front and back together1 leaving one and a quarter inch opening on each side for the sleeves4 ,the sleeve is made of five pieces1 the longest piece being three inches1 and the shortest two and one-half inches long4 ,sew these pieces together to form the sleeve4 ,when sewing it into the sweater1 place the longest part at the shoulder seam and stretch the armhole while sewing it in4 ,illustration ,wristlets ,these are made of round or flat web4 ,each wristlet requires one and one-half yards4 ,measure five inches1 the length of the wristlet1 and turn4 ,start sewing from this point and sew to the end of the five inches and turn again4 ,continue until enough rows are sewed to make the wristlet the desired width1 which in this model is two and one-half inches4 ,illustration ,shoulder ,shawl ,this may be made of round or flat web1 and of any desired size4 ,if the shawl is to be thirty-six inches long1 clip the web into pieces of this length and sew them together until the shawl is of the desired width1 or the web may simply be turned at the end of each row1 then proceed with the sewing4 ,the fringe for the ends is made by cutting the yarn into lengths twice as long as the desired length of the fringe--that is1 if the fringe is to be five inches long1 cut the yarn into pieces ten inches long4 ,fold each ten-inch piece in two1 slip the folded end through a stitch in the end of the shawl and draw the two ends of the piece through the loop thus formed and pull tight4 ,illustration ,doll's ,carriage ,robe ,this robe is ten inches wide and eighteen inches long1 and is made of four pieces of flat web1 each piece three yards long4 ,any number of pieces of either round or flat web may be used1 and the robe made wider and longer if desired4 ,measure fifteen inches of web and turn it4 ,begin sewing from this1 turn down to the end of the fifteen inches and again turn1 bringing the web around over the end4 ,care must be taken while turning to keep the ends perfectly flat4 ,when the three yards are used begin the other parts in the same way4 ,make four or any desired number of parts1 and sew them together1 alternating the colors4 ,put a tassel made of the same material on the rounded end of each part4 ,if round web is used it will require more for each part1 for the round is not as wide as the flat web4 ,illustration ,child's ,leggings ,leggings may be made of round or flat web4 ,measure five inches above the knee down to the vamp of the shoe for the length of the front part of the legging4 ,this gives the length of the first row4 ,turn the web and begin to sew from this point up to the top1 then turn again and sew down to the toe4 ,continue in this way until the front part is two and one-half inches wide4 ,bring the remaining rows down to within two inches of the end of the toe1 until the legging is wide enough to go around the child's leg1 then sew to the opposite side of the front4 ,sew a piece of tape to the instep4 ,illustration ,muffler ,this may be made of round or flat web4 ,make the part to go around the neck first4 ,in this model the neck band is ten inches long and three inches wide4 ,sew four rows of flat or six rows of round web for the neck4 ,begin three inches from the ends to make the front4 ,gradually shorten each row until it is of the desired length4 ,make loops of twisted yarn and sew to one end of the neck band to slip over the buttons4 ,sew the buttons on the opposite end and on the inside where they will be hidden while the muffler is being worn4 ,made of ,knitting ,cotton ,knitting cotton can be secured at any department store4 ,it comes in colors white1 black1 red1 navy blue1 and mixed colors4 ,this is not as elastic as worsted and is used where strength is required1 such as bags1 hammocks1 wash-cloths1 etc4 ,it is very inexpensive and can be used to great advantage4 ,illustration ,jumping ,rope ,select a piece of jute1 or stout cord the length of the desired rope4 ,drop one end of this and one end of the knitting cotton through the hole in the knitter 7use knitter having four posts71 and draw it out at the other end three inches4 ,bring the cotton leading from the ball around each post once1 then proceed with the knitting1 covering the cord or jute which is used as a core or foundation for the rope4 ,cords for pillow tops may also be made in this way4 ,illustration ,toy ,horse ,reins ,these are made of coarse knitting cotton on four-post knitters4 ,knit a piece three yards long for the reins4 ,the children measure each other for the breast-piece1 which will be from ten to twelve inches long4 ,this is fastened to the reins nine inches below the center of the neck on each side1 to allow the head to pass through easily4 ,two colors may be used in knitting the reins1 working around first with one color1 then with the other4 ,fourteen yards of knitting cotton will make one yard of web on the four-post knitter4 ,illustration ,wash ,cloth ,this is made of white knitting cotton4 ,it requires nine yards of web for a cloth ten by twelve inches4 ,measure twelve inches of web1 turn and sew toward the end4 ,when the twelve-inch piece is sewed turn again and sew4 ,continue in this way until the desired size is obtained4 ,with a piece of the cotton make a loop at one corner by which to hang it4 ,illustration ,school ,bag ,this may be made of round or flat web4 ,a bag twelve inches deep and fourteen inches wide requires thirty yards4 ,measure twenty-four inches of web and turn4 ,begin sewing from this turn to the end of the twenty-four inches then turn again4 ,so continue until this oblong piece measures fourteen by twenty-four inches4 ,fold this in two and sew up the sides4 ,this will avoid any seam in the bottom of the bag4 ,make handles in the same way as for jumping-rope1 or a double thickness of the web may be used for each handle and sewed to the top sides of the bag4 ,finish by sewing a piece of the web around the top4 ,laundry bags1 sewing bags1 and little bags for holding paints and water-dish may be made in similar way4 ,illustration ,chimney ,cleaner ,this is made of white knitting cotton4 ,it requires two yards of flat or three yards of round web4 ,secure a piece of stick or better still a piece of half-inch dowel ten or twelve inches long1 for a handle4 ,cut a groove with a knife around one end to keep the web from slipping off4 ,sew the web into loops three and a half or four inches long4 ,draw them in around the end of the handle with the sewing string just in the groove2 then wind the sewing string around two or three times1 tie1 and clip off the ends4 ,illustration ,doll's ,hammock ,this is made of flat web4 ,a hammock eight by twelve inches requires five and one-half yards4 ,sew this into an oblong piece twelve inches long and eight inches wide4 ,secure a piece of cardboard three inches longer than the oblong piece and one inch wider4 ,round off the corners with a pair of scissors 7see illustration71 and cut notches or slits in ends one-half inch apart4 ,sew two brass rings in the center of one side1 and on the other baste the oblong piece which is to be used for the hammock4 ,then with a needle and a long piece of the knitting cotton begin making the ends of the hammock by securing one end of the sewing string to the hammock and bring it over the end of the cardboard in the first slit from the end and through the ring on the opposite side of cardboard2 back over cardboard1 through second slit and through hammock4 ,so continue until one end is finished4 ,do the same with the other end4 ,these strings may be held in place by putting three or four rows of weaving just underneath the rings4 ,clip the basting stitches and remove from the cardboard4 ,make fringe as for shawl4