,a ,,guide ,,= ,,! ,,religi\s ,,in/ruction ,,( ,,jewi% ,,y\?4 ,propos$ to ,tea*]s by ,,isaac ,,reggio1 ,rabbi & ,pr(essor1 ,memb] ( ! ,ori5tal & ,leipsic1 ,halle1 etc41 etc41 etc4 ,translat$ f ! ,italian by ,m4 ,h4 ,picciotto4 ,london3 ,simpk91 ,m>%all1 & ,co41 ,/ation]s'--,hall ,c\rt4 ,,mdccclv4 ,london3 ,pr9t$ by ,j4 ,w]!im] & ,co4 ,,synopsis4 ,notice by ! ,translator4 ,au?or's ,preface4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,god4 #a4 ,8 exi/5ce4 ,cosmological argum5t4 #b4 ,fir/ ,cause1 necess>y1 et]nal4 #c4 ,omnipot5t1 free1 provid5t1 omnisci5t1 infallible4 #d4 ,all-wise1 good1 pure1 immutable4 #e4 ,god4 #f4 ,psy*ological argum5t4 #g4 ,moral argum5t4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,man4 #h4 ,8 faculties4 #i4 ,8 de/9ation4 #aj4 ,intellect4 #aa4 ,reason4 #ab4 ,free w4 #ac4 ,immortal s\l4 #ad4 ,d\ble t5d5cy4 #ae4 ,contra/4 #af4 ,*oice4 #ag4 ,consci5ce4 #ah4 ,feel+4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,natural ,,religion4 #ai4 ,idea ( religion4 #bj4 ,necessity = man4 #ba4 ,fai?4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,insuffici5cy ,,( ,,natural ,,religion4 #bb4 ,ob/acles4 #bc4 ,t>dy developm5t ( reason4 #bd4 ,asc5dancy ( s5suality4 #be4 ,want ( opportunity4 #bf4 ,social life4 #bg4 ,int]nal an>*y4 #bh4 ,limitation ( human und]/&+4 #bi4 ,unc]ta9ty ( human k4 #cj4 ,exp]i5ce4 #ca4 ,necessity ( a revelation4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,reveal$ ,,religion4 #cb4 ,its actuality4 #cc4 ,its tru?4 #cd4 ,its fundam5tal pr9ciple4 #ce4 ,relation betwe5 ,god & man4 #cf4 ,div9e plan4 #cg4 ,ess5ce ( revelation4 #ch4 ,l(ty aspiration ( man4 #ci4 ,prophecy4 #dj4 ,pr$iction ( ! future4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,objection ,,& ,,answ]4 #da4 ,rationalism antagoni/ic to fai?4 #db4 ,self-love 9 ! physical _w4 #dc4 ,self-love 9 man4 #dd4 ,h]oism ( man4 #de4 ,proce$+ f love4 #df4 ,is ! cause ( fai?4 #dg4 ,is n ! (fspr+ ( imag9ation #dh4 ,dep5ds on ! subjection ( ! s5sual appetites4 #di4 ,furni%es evid5ce to fai?4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,prelim9>y ,,dispositions ,,( ,,revelation4 #ej4 ,cont+5cy 9 revelation4 #ea4 ,its removal4 #eb4 ,*oice ( a portion ( mank9d4 #ec4 ,beg9n+ f an individual4 #ed4 ,election ( t individual4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,patri>*al ,,epo*4 #ee4 ,abraham4 #ef4 ,8 virtues4 #eg4 ,aim ( 8 vocation4 #eh4 ,cov5ant e/abli%$ ) him4 #ei4 ,circumcision4 #fj4 ,abraham's prog5y4 #fa4 ,provid5tial measures4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,s9aitic ,,revelation4 #fb4 ,egyptian bondage4 ,moses4 #fc4 ,preamble ( ! revelation4 #fd4 ,modality ( ! revelation #fe4 ,decalogue4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,! ,,t5 ,,comm&m5ts4 #ff4 ,fir/ ,comm&m5t1 #fg4 ,second1 #fh4 ,?ird1 #fi4 ,f\r?1 #gj4 ,fif?1 #ga4 ,six?1 ,sev5?1 & ,eigh?1 #gb4 ,n9?4 #gc4 ,t5?4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,successive ,,revelations4 #gd4 ,_! "*4 #gf4 ,_! tw(old direction4 #ge4 ,_! sanction4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,reveal$ ,,notions ,,respect+ ,,god4 #gg4 ,k ( ,god4 #gh4 ,opportunity ( su* a k4 #gi4 ,imm$iate relation betwe5 ,god & man4 #hj4 ,love ( ,god4 #ha4 ,fe> ( ,god4 #hb4 ,o!r duties t[>ds ,god4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,duties ,,t[>ds ,,fell[-,,m54 #hc4 ,ju/ice4 #hd4 ,negative duties4 #he4 ,positive duties4 #hf4 ,o!r duties4 #hg4 ,*>ity & b5evol5ce4 #hh4 ,duties t[>d ! animate & inanimate nature4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,duties ,,t[>ds ,,"o',s-,,self4 #hi4 ,fundam5tal rule4 #ia4 ,sanctification4 #ij4 ,duties t[>ds ! body4 #ib4 ,o!r special obligations4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,judaism4 #ic4 ,religi\s idea4 #id4 ,its vicissitudes among ! ,jews4 #ie4 ,mosaism4 #if4 ,prophetism4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,conclusion4 #ig4 ,action1 cre$1 hopes4 ,,notice4 ,,! "n ( ,isaac ,reggio ( ,goritz1 is n[ a celebrity 9 ! ,hebrew lit]>y _w4 ,a man ( va/ m9d1 a pr(\nd s*ol>1 a philosoph]1 & an elegant writ]1 8 num]\s works on ,!ology1 ,h]m5eutics1 ,philology1 ,hi/ory1 & ,lit]ature1 writt5 9 ,hebrew1 9 ,italian1 & 9 ,g]man1 h t5d$ mu* to revive ! ta/e = ,hebrew lit]ature1 & to reconcile mod]n education to ! /udy ( ,jewi% antiquities4 ,! pres5t little book is "o ( 8 late/ productions 9 ! ,italian language4 ,9 a /yle at once concise & p]spicu\s1 & ) a =m ( reason+ suit$ to ! sci5tific requirem5ts ( ! times1 he introduces ! /ud5t to an enl>g$ view ( ,religion1 asc5ds ) him to ! heav5ly s\rce f :i* x emanat$1 & leads him1 ?r\gh ! pa?s ( virtue & love1 to ! compreh5sion & admiration ( ! objects contemplat$ by x4 ,9 %ort1 he tea*es--if ,i am p]mitt$ ! expression--! philosophy ( religion4 ,i humbly1 b firmly believe t1 9 ! h&s ( able ,jewi% tea*]s1 ?is "w w consid]ably assi/ !m to infuse into religi\s in/ruction a little m spirituality1 & to imp>t a m compreh5sive view ( religion1 ?an ! r\t9e ( =m] days deem$ necess>y1 & t1 by s do+1 !y w be bett] able to enl>ge & satisfy ! m9ds1 improve ! he>ts1 & g5]ally advance ! moral education ( y\?4 ,not)/&+ ! well-int5tion$ & b5eficial ef=ts ( _m fri5ds ( education among ! ,briti% ,jews1 & ! praisewor?y ex]tions ( "s excell5t tea*]s1 ! education ( ! mass is1 we mu/ confess1 /ill 9 a condition1 9 :i* ! atta9m5t ( ^? objects has n ceas$ to be a desid]atum4 ,we may or may n be on a level ) our neighb\rs1 b we h v urg5t & special calls ( our own = self-improvem5t1 we h a p>ticul> mission to fulfil1 ) its concomitant duties4 ,su* self-improvem5t & su* duties are dem&$ by ! _s--n ( ! age1 z is too commonly said & believ$--b ( an age :i* began ?irty-two c5turies ago1 at ! revelation on ,m\nt ,s9ai--! _s ( ,judaism1 ( well-und]/ood ,judaism4 ,our age1 ) all its boa/$ & und5iable progress1 is /ill1 morally1 f> bel[ ! type design$ by ,provid5ce = humanity 9 ! ,s9aitic disp5sation1 f> beh9d ! _s :i* dictat$ & p]vades ! pages ( ! sacr$ volume1 & :i*1 :5 ?or\ghly und]/ood & g5]ally act$ ^u1 mu/ br+ ab\t ! supreme reign ( ju/ice1 *>ity1 & univ]sal love1 &--z f> z atta9able--! ultimate p]fection ( mank9d4 ,x has appe>$ to me t ^! tru?s f9d a pla9 & logical exposition 9 ?is little "w1 & t its cont5ts may n prove un9t]e/+ ev5 to ! g5]al read]4 ,i also believe t a m correct appreh5sion ( ! true _s & pr9ciples ( ,judaism by our ,*ri/ian bre?r51 ?an is commonly arriv$ at1 w h ! tw(old effect1 ( gradually lead+ to a l>g] measure ( ju/ice be+ dealt to ! ,jew1 & induc+ ! latt] to a high] degree ( self-respect4 ,= ^! sev]al reasons1 ,i h volunte]$ to translate x = ! use ( ! ,engli% public1 :ile o!r v]sions are be+ prep>$ 9 ,g]many & ,france4 ,i tru/ t ^? to ^: lot has fall5 ! hon\rable b ardu\s task ( educat+ & in=m+ "y m9ds1 & to :om x is m p>ticul>ly address$1 w give x _! e>ne/ consid]ation1 = ! sake ( :atev] good !y may cull f x1 z a mat]ial 9 aid1 :ile !y are lay+ ! f\ndations ( virtue 9 ! he>ts ( ! ris+ g5]ation4 ,t ! results may correspond to ! int5tions is ! s9c]e wi% ( ,,! ,,translator4 ,,au?or',s ,,preface4 ,,to ,,in/ructors4 ,,9 ! ex]cise ( ! sacr$ mission entru/$ to y by ,provid5ce--t ( educat+ our y\? to piety & religion--x mu/ h frequ5tly occurr$ to y1 to wi% t su* an in/ruction c\ld be imp>t$1 n 9 ! %ape ( dogmas dem&+ to be admitt$ )\t inve/igation1 b z doctr9es address$ to ! intellect by prop] demon/rations1 & f9d+ _! way to ! he>t by /imulat+ its noble/ feel+s4 ,! little book t ,i pres5t to y is int5d$ to satisfy1 at lea/ 9 "p1 t wi%4 ,y w n f9d 9 x a complete treatise on ,jewi% ,!ology1 or a sy/ematic cate*ism1 b only ! ess5tial elem5ts1 :i* may s]ve to ! future elaboration ( bo?4 ,y w f9d deposit$ 9 x ! r\gh mat]ials1 :i* "s abl] h&s w p]haps "o day employ 9 con/ruct+ an edifice1 9 :i* our y\? may f9d a safe refuge f ! /orms ( d\bt1 unbelief1 & irreligion4 ,i h purpos$ to avoid all exub]ant ornam5ts ( /yle1 all pomp\s p>ade ( erudition1 & cont5t$ myself ) a pla9 diction1 & a /rict laconism4 ,i h n quot$ au?ors :o prec$$ me 9 ! same field2 ,i h n call$ up = inve/igation :at ( valuable or defective c\ld be f\nd 9 !m2 9 %ort1 ,i h n in/itut$ comp>isons1 sci5tific disquisitions1 or critical exam9ations ( ! op9ions ( o!rs4 ,a s]ies ( aphorisms1 simple1 pla91 unadorn$1 ( easy und]/&+1 drawn f no o!r s\rce ?an ! ,div9e ,^w1 pres5t$ ) ! greate/ possible p]spicuity & precision1 progress+ 9 a regul> *a9 ( consequ5tial propositions1 & conta9+ 9 few words ! mo/ important po9ts ( ! ,israeliti% cre$--t is ! =m 9 :i* ,i h ?\ght m prop] to pres5t to ^?1 :o are already v]s$ 9 ! ,bible & 9 ,hebrew lit]ature1 a skeleton ( ! va/ religi\s sci5ce1 9 :i* !y may p]ceive at a glance ! pr9cipal *>act]i/ic ( ,judaism1 its v>i\s ramifications1 subsidi>y p>ts1 & special t5d5cies2 !y may !n easily discov] & acc\nt = ! multif>i\s phases1 9 :i* x manife/$ itself 9 ! v>i\s epo*s ( ! univ]sal hi/ory ( mank9d4 ,to supply ! defici5cies1 to adorn ^? nak$ propositions1 to provide !m ) evid5ce d$uc$ f ! sacr$ text1 to enl>ge !m ) appropriate applications1 to illu/rate !m ) examples1 9 f9e1 to r$uce ! :ole into su* a cate*i/ic =m z w suit a s\nd sy/em ( in/ruction--su* is ! task :i* rema9s entru/$ to y\r intellig5ce1 & to y\r zeal4 ,by employ+ ! pr(f]$ mat]ials ) t discretion :i* is peculi> to y\r m9i/ry1 ) t me?od :i* ! t5d] m9ds ( y\r pupils require1 & ) ! love inspir$ by ! sublimity & importance ( ! subject1 y\rs w be ! m]it ( hav+ propagat$ ! se$s ( tru? t w br+ =? *>ity & univ]sal edification2 to me suffices ! happ9ess ( hav+1 9 "s degree1 contribut$ to s noble a "w4 ,a ,,guide ,,= ,,! ,,religi\s ,,in/ruction ,,( ,,jewi% ,,y\?4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,i4 ,,:oev] directs 8 m9d to ! contemplation ( ! objects t surr\nd him1 ! aggregate ( :i* is call$ ! univ]se1 w soon p]ceive1 t ! p>ts ( :i* x is compos$ und]go cont9ually v>i\s modifications & successive *anges1 e "o ( !m ex]cis+ "s influ5ce on ! o!rs1 & receiv+ f !m "s alt]ation4 ,?is /ate ( mutual dep5d5ce1 9 :i* ! p>ts ( ! univ]se /& 9 relation to ea* o!r1 leads u necess>ily to conclude1 t none ( !m has )9 itself ! reason or cause ( its exi/5ce1 b t all ( !m toge!r dep5d ^u a cause :i* is out ( !mselves1 & ?r\gh :i* !y began to exi/2 ! univ]se1 !n1 has _h a cause1 an ,au?or4 ,,ii4 ,?is ,au?or ( ! univ]se1 if he _h n 9 himself ! reason ( 8 exi/5ce1 mu/ also h x 9 o!rs1 & ^! aga9 9 o!rs4 ,consequ5tly1 we mu/ ei!r suppose an endless progression ( causes & effects1 :i* is repugnant to reason1 or arrive at la/ at a ,be+ exi/+ by & ( himself1--t is to say1 "o :o owes n 8 exi/5ce to o!rs1 & has caus$ all o!r ?+s to exi/2--& 9 t case1 ! reason ( 8 exi/5ce mu/ be "p ( 8 own ess5ce & nature1 &1 consequ5tly1 insep>able f him & inde/ructible4 ,! ,au?or ( ! univ]se is !n a ,be+ necess>y & et]nal2 & z to ,him all ?+s owe _! exi/5ce1 x foll[s t ?r\gh ,him !y began to exi/1 & ,he creat$ !m f n\ght4 ,,iii4 ,he1 :o c\ld create all f n\ght1 has a p[] )\t limits1 & no?+ is to ,him impossible2 ,he1 :o has giv5 exi/5ce to all ?+s1 has also orda9$ ! laws to :i* !y are subject2 ,he1 :o has orda9$ at ,8 w ! laws ( nature1 has also ! p[] ( *ang+ or susp5d+ !m at ,8 w2 & la/ly1 ,he1 :o caus$ all ?+s to exi/1 c alone keep !m 9 exi/5ce1 gov]n+ & direct+ !m ) ceaseless provid5ce2 & su* cont9ual action implies1 ( necessity1 t ,he %\ld "k ev]y?+1 t no?+ %\ld be hidd5 f ,him1 & t 9 ,him error %\ld be impossible4 ,! ,au?or ( ! univ]se is !n omnipot5t1 free1 all-provid5t1 omnisci5t1 & infallible4 ,,iv4 ,aga91 :oev] att5tively contemplates ! univ]se _c help discov]+1 ) admiration1 9 e "p ( x a /up5d\s art1 a con/ant ord]1 a sy/ematic correspond5ce ( means to ends1 :i* demon/rate t all has be5 arrang$ on a pr$et]m9$ plan & = a fix$ purpose1 to :i* all ! p>ticul> dispositions develop$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! natural ph5om5a are exquisitely adapt$4 ,?is ord] & ?is h>mony--:i* manife/ !mselves1 also1 9 all ! progressive c\rses ( nature--indicate a self-develop+ excell5ce1 & a t5d5cy to an ev]-increas+ p]fectibility1 su* z c only emanate f a cause inf9itely intellig5t & good2 & z su* qualities _c be attribut$ to a be+ corporeal1 because limit$ & subject to *anges1 x foll[s t ! ,au?or ( ! univ]se is all-wise & good1 pure & immutable4 ,v4 ,n[1 ?is ,be+1 necess>y & et]nal1 :om ! contemplation ( ! univ]se alone reveals to u z ! ,au?or ( ev]y?+1 z omnipot5t1 free1 all-provid5t1 omnisci5t1 infallible1 pure1 immutable1 all-wise1 & good1 is ,he :om we call ,,god4 ,,vi4 ,b our conviction ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god ne$ n be d]iv$ exclusively f ! wond]s ( ! univ]se2 = e man c f9d 9 himself ! evid5t pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( t supreme cause4 ,9 fact1 man feels )9 himself t he ?9ks2 & if he 7 ev5 to d\bt x1 he c\ld n d5y t at lea/ he d\bts2 & ! d\bt itself is already a ?\ght4 ,admitt+ t he possesses ! faculty ( ?9k+1 he mu/ admit t !re is )9 himself a sub/ance1 a be+1 a some?+ :i* ?9ks4 ,b ?is be+1 :o is consci\s ( 8 own ?\ghts1 is also consci\s t he exi/s n by himself1 t he has n exi/$ f all et]nity1 t he is subject to *anges1 t ev5 ! simple ideas1 :i* compose 8 ?\ghts1 are n produc$ by himself1 b acquir$ ?r\gh 8 s5ses f ext]nal objects2 &1 9 %ort1 t he dep5ds ^u v>i\s causes plac$ )\t himself1 & und]goes vicissitudes1 :i* x is n 9 8 p[] to remove4 ,!re=e man has n )9 himself ! reason ( 8 own exi/5ce1 b he mu/ trace x to ano!r1 :o is ! ,au?or ( x4 ,n[1 ?is ,au?or _c h receiv$ ,8 own exi/5ce f ano!r1 if ,he is to be consid]$ ! prim>y cause2 o!rwise we %\ld fall into a succession ( causes & effects to inf9ity4 ,!n1 ! true ,au?or ( our exi/5ce is "o :o exi/s by ,himself1 & z su* ,he is et]nal1 omnipot5t1 all-wise1 etc41 etc42 ,he is ,god4 ,,vii4 ,ano!r s\rce1 af=d+ ! pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 man f9ds 9 himself :5 8 intellectual faculties h atta9$ a c]ta9 degree ( culture & maturity4 ,he !n kn[s himself to be a moral be+2 t is to say1 a be+ :o1 plac$ betwe5 good & evil1 c1 ( 8 own free w1 adh]e to ! =m] & reject ! latt]1 if he foll[s ! dictates ( 8 reason4 ,!n ! moral s5se awak5s 9 8 m9d ! idea ( a supreme bless+1 ( a progressive & infallible moral p]fection1 ( a future f9al accord betwe5 virtue & felicity1 & _! necess>y co-exi/5ce4 ,n[1 he _c expect ?is supreme bless+ f any?+ t surr\nds him 9 nature1 because he does n f9d 9 ! latt] ! desir$ union ( happ9ess ) virtue1 enjoym5t ) m]it4 ,he mu/1 !re=e1 seek x 9 a ,supreme ,cause exi/+ out ( nature--9 a ,cause :i* %\ld conta9 9 itself ! type ( ! moral law1 embrace ! :ole ext5t ( t law ) inf9ite intellig5ce1 & act up to its dictates ) a p[]ful w4 ,?is ,supreme ,cause is ,god4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,viii4 ,,man has _m advantages & privileges ov] all o!r creatures4 ,n only c he1 l o!r animals1 p]ceive ?r\gh 8 s5ses all ! surr\nd+ objects1 b he c comp>e ) "o ano!r ! p]ceptions receiv$1 associate !m toge!r1 sep>ate !m1 & =m new ideas4 ,he c "k = :at purposes ?+s exi/1 inve/igate _! causes & effects1 disc]n betwe5 good & evil1 betwe5 j & unju/2 he alone c communicate 8 ?\ghts to o!rs2 he alone c speak4 ,,ix4 ,ev]y?+ produc$ by an intellig5t ,au?or mu/ be int5d$ = "s purpose--mu/ h a de/9ation4 ,man1 ! noble/ creature on e>?1 mu/ also h a de/9ation4 ,we %all arrive at a cle> k ( t de/9ation1 :5 we %all h consid]$ ! p[]s & capabilities possess$ by him2 = ! means ) :i* nature has end[$ him1 = ! developm5t ( 8 activity1 evid5tly po9t out ! goal :i* t activity is design$ to atta94 ,x4 ,n[1 ! capabilities t we discov] 9 man are ! foll[+3--,besides a body con/ruct$ ) wond]ful skill1 b weak1 corruptible1 mortal1 man has )9 himself a vivify+ pr9ciple1 :i* sub/antiates 9 him ! k ( ?+s ) ! aid ( ! s5ses1 r5ews 9 him p]ceptions once receiv$1 unites !m1 sep>ates !m1 & =ms out ( !m new ideas4 ,?is ?9k+ pr9ciple is c]ta9ly diff]5t f ! body1 ( :i* no "p is apt to ?9k1 & is :at we call ! s\l2 ! act itself ( ?9k+ proce$s f a faculty ( ! s\l :i* we call intellect4 ,,xi4 ,b ! s\l c also judge1 conclude f causes to effects1 di/+ui% betwe5 good & evil1 betwe5 j & unju/1 conceive an idea ( ?+s nev] p]ceiv$ ?r\gh ! s5ses2 x c recognise ! supreme ,au?or ( ! univ]se1 x c adore ,god4 ,?is faculty ( ! s\l is call$ reason2 intellect & reason are ! pr9cipal or sup]ior faculties ( ! human s\l4 ,,xii4 ,reason po9ts out good z a ?+ desirable1 & evil z a ?+ to be avoid$2 yet man feels )9 himself a desire or impulse t[>ds all t is pleasurable to ! s5ses1 al?\gh reason may repres5t x to him z an evil4 ,&1 on ! o!r h&1 he is consci\s ( 8 p]fect fre$om ( *oos+ good1 h[ev] disagreeable to ! s5ses1 & ( abhorr+ evil1 h[ev] tempt+ x may appe>2 he has1 !n1 ! faculty ( direct+ 8 action to "o or o!r ( ^! two c\rses2 8 s\l is end[$ ) free-w4 ,,xiii4 ,a be+ end[$ ) intellect1 reason1 & free-w _c be compos$ ( p>ts1 because ! op]ations proce$+ f su* faculties presuppose a comp>ison ( v>i\s relations ) ea* o!r1 & a d$uction ( consequ5ces f _! pr9ciples2 & ^! op]ations require su* a unity & simplicity 9 _! subject z are absolutely incompatible ) ! nature ( matt]1 compos$1 z x is1 ( p>ts4 ,! human s\l is !re=e a simple be+1 a _s1 &1 z su*1 inde/ructible1 immortal4 ,,xiv4 ,man1 !n1 unites 9 himself two natures1 belongs to two classes ( be+s v diff]5t f "o ano!r1 is a citiz5 ( two worlds4 ,9 8 body he is l9k$ to ! mat]ial _w1 und]goes all ! vicissitudes ( matt]1 is subject to ! inc5tives ( ! s5ses1 & is impell$ to gratify ! wants & crav+s ( physical enjoym5t4 ,z reg>ds 8 s\l1 he ent]s into ! sph]e ( intellig5ces1 he feels himself attract$ by ! ideas ( ! beautiful1 ( ! true1 ( ! j2 he p>ticipates 9 ! condition ( ! spiritual be+s1 aspires to ! imm5se1 to ! inf9ite2 & is susceptible ( an ev]-increas+ p]fectibility1 f9d+ )9 himself ! p[] ( abhorr+ moral evil1 viz41 vice1 & ( cleav+ to moral good1 viz41 virtue4 ,,xv4 ,man has1 !re=e1 )9 himself a g]m ( discord betwe5 ! two pr9ciples ( :i* he is con/itut$1 a contra/ betwe5 ! exig5cies ( ! body & ^? ( ! s\l--betwe5 ! appetites ( ! s5ses & ! dictates ( reason2 & z ?is latt] alone is compet5t to =m a judgm5t on :at he ought or ought n to d1 x foll[s t reason alone %\ld be consult$ & obey$ 9 det]m9+ ^u e action4 ,,xvi4 ,n[1 by freely & spontane\sly resolv+ to con=m all ! actions ( 8 life to ! dictates ( reason1 :i* comm&s him to be wise 9 8 self-gov]nm5t1 upright ) o!rs1 & pi\s t[>ds ! supreme ,au?or1 man w h wor?ily correspond$ to ! end = :i* he 0 creat$--he w h fulfill$ 8 de/9ation2 = x is cle>ly ! de/9ation ( man to make ! be/ possible use ( ! sublime faculties ) :i* 8 s\l is end[$2 & ! be/ possible use he does make :5 he subord9ates 8 inf]ior to 8 sup]ior t5d5cies1 ! crav+s ( ! body to ^? ( ! s\l2 9 a ^w1 :5 he obeys ! dictates ( reason4 ,,xvii4 ,:5 man obeys ! dictates ( reason1 an int]nal voice 9 8 he>t tells him t he has done "r2 he feels satisfi$ ) himself1 & is p5etrat$ ) a s5se ( true joy4 ,:51 on ! contr>y1 he consci\sly infr+es ! laws ( reason1 he is n only depriv$ ( t int]nal approbation1 b an inext+ui%able voice rises reproa*ful )9 8 he>t2 he is no long] satisfi$ ) himself1 b feels uneas9ess & p]turbation4 ,t int]nal voice1 :i* judges man's actions1 & g5]ates happ9ess or sorr[1 is :at is call$ ,consci5ce4 ,,xviii4 ,b ! human s\l1 :5 x conc5trates itself )91 has also ! faculty ( feel+ ! s5se ( its own individuality1 & p]ceiv+ t ! /ate 9 :i* x is is its own4 ,by virtue ( ?is s5se1 :i* we may call feel+1 ! s\l is l$ always to desire its own welf>e1 its own happ9ess2 !nce spr+s love or hatr$1 incl9ation or av]sion t[>ds an object1 z ?is object seems apt to occasion pleasure or pa94 ,b man1 soon] or lat]1 discov]s t a true & p]man5t pleasure _c be obta9$ ?r\gh any ( ! physical enjoym5ts on e>?1 :i* he may n always be able to procure1 or1 :5 procur$1 leave aft] !m we>9ess & disgu/4 ,he1 consequ5tly1 _c place 9 !m 8 true happ9ess2 & 8 int]nal s5se tells him t !re are o!r enjoym5ts ( a purely spiritual nature1 :i* alone c satisfy ! highe/ aspirations ( 8 s\l4 ,! ex]cise ( 8 moral duties--:i*1 ?r\gh 8 fre$om ( action1 lies always )9 8 p[]1 & by :i* alone he c tranquillise 8 consci5ce & fully delight 9 self-cont5tm5t--is t :i* (f]s to 8 s\l true & p]man5t enjoym5t2 t alone is wor? desir+4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,xix4 ,,on man gov]n+ himself morally well 9 life1 x becomes manife/ to him1 on ! "o h&1 t 8 conduct1 be+ con=mable to ! end = :i* he 0 creat$1 mu/ also be agreeable to ! w ( ! ,creator4 ,on ! o!r h&1 t same int]nal s5se1 :i* prompts him to satisfy ! dem&s ( 8 own consci5ce1 leads him1 also1 to elevate 8 m9d t[>ds ,god2 & he feels at ! bottom ( 8 he>t t he w\ld be want+ 9 ! pr9cipal elem5t ( 8 happ9ess if he ref]r$ n 8 e ?\ght to ! ,au?or ( 8 exi/5ce4 ,?is tw(old direction ( ! m9d t[>ds ,god is call$ ,religion1 a ^w d]iv$ f ! ,lat9 relig>e1 =1 z a moral be+ end[$ ) intellig5ce & fre$om1 man feels always a c]ta9 t5d5cy to dis5gage himself f ! physical ord] ( t]re/rial ?+s1 & to l9k himself aga9 to ! ,supreme ,cause f :om he emanat$4 ,,xx4 ,all ! peoples ( antiquity exhibit$1 9 _! successive developm5ts1 ! aptitude ( ! human s\l to ent]ta9 religion )9 itself1 nay1 ! necessity 9 :i* x f9ds itself to connect ! ex]cise ( moral duties or virtue ) ! ,supreme ,s\rce ( all morality4 ,9 fact1 ,god1 9 ,8 inf9ite wisdom & goodness1 wills no?+ b :at is good2 & 9 no bett] mode c\ld man ev] manife/ 8 gratitude to ! ,au?or ( 8 exi/5ce1 ?an by do+ t :i* is agreeable to ,8 w4 ,h5ce x is1 t :oev] is true to 8 de/9ation1 is said to be true to ,god2 & he :o is virtu\s is religi\s4 ,!re is1 !n1 9 ! human s\l a natural disposition to religi\sness or piety2 & ! hi/ory ( all ages te/ifies t no p ev] exi/$1 :o1 h[ev] rude & uncultivat$1 has n _h "s pres5tim5t ( ! relations :i* b9d ! rational creature to its ,creator4 ,man is born to religion4#a ,note #a3 ,^! tru?s are n[ readily admitt$ by all well-?9k+ m54 ,x 0 v easy1 & v amus+1 = ! philosophy ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 to ridicule ! ignorance & sup]/ition ( ! anci5ts1 & to d5\nce ! mod]n peoples :i* foll[$ 9 ! same direction1 ?\gh by diff]5t tracks4 ,b ! true philosophy ( ! pres5t age1 :i* has p5etrat$ deep] into ! recesses ( ! human he>t1 has arriv$ at ! d\ble conclusion1 t a sup]ior p[] has implant$ !re9 c]ta9 elem5ts :i* x is n 9 human p[] to remove2 & t :at is inh]5t 9 human nature _c he combat$1 b mu/ be wisely direct$4 ,h5ce1 mod]n civilisation deals lees ?an prec$+ ages 9 ab/ractions2 & 9 its ,intellectual developm5t1 accepts religion z a />t+ po9t 9 ! labori\s b op5 walk1 :i* leads to human happ9ess1--,! ,,translator4 ,,xxi4 ,?is ne$ = man to be religi\s con/itutes ! basis ( fai?4 ,z man is said to "k t :i* is prov$ to him by exp]i5ce1 or by ! te/imony ( ! s5ses1 s he is said to believe t :i* is to him a real want1 al?\gh x _c be demon/rat$ to him ei!r by exp]i5ce or by ! evid5ce ( ! s5ses4 ,k is bas$ ^u objective1 & belief ^u subjective pro(s4 ,! exi/5ce ( ,god1 ! provid5ce ) :i* ,he gov]ns ! _w1 ! immortality ( ! s\l1 ! excell5ce ( virtue1 ! j expectation ( a f9al triumph ( good1 & ( an improvem5t & future p]fection ( ! human condition1 are tru?s :i* h _! f\ndations 9 man himself1 t is1 9 ! nature ( 8 s\l2 !y orig9ate 9 him1 ev5 )\t ! concurr5ce ( reflection1 almo/ f an innate feel+ ( ! he>t1 :i* impels him to admit !m2 !y are f\nd$ on subjective pro(s1 & man believes !m z necessities ( 8 own nature4 ,^! religi\s tru?s are !re=e call$ natural1 & _! disciples are said to pr(ess a natural religion4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,xxii4 ,,yet1 not)/&+ ! possibility = man to atta9 happ9ess by only foll[+ ! voice ( reason1 exp]i5ce has %[n1 9 ! mo/ unmi/akable mann]1 t natural religion is insuffici5t alone to guide mank9d 9 ! "r pa?1 to pres]ve him f error1 & to regulate 8 life ) con/ant con=mity to 8 de/9ation1 "u all circum/ances & 9 all conjunctures4 ,su* insuffici5cy is caus$ by v>i\s ob/acles1 pres5t$ by ! self-same nature ( man1 & ! objects t surr\nd him1 & :i* prev5t reason f ex]cis+ an absolute dom9ion ov] ! he>t1 & naturally weak5 its influ5ce on human actions4 ,,xxiii4 ,fir/ among ^! ob/acles1 is ! circum/ance1 t ! intellectual faculties d n exhibit s mu* vig\r 9 e>ly y\? z ! animal or appetitive faculties4 ,long be=e ! =ce ( reason has develop$ itself 9 ! m9d1 ! s5sual t5d5cies h already gr[n giants 9 ! he>t1 impell+ man to desire ard5tly all t has ! semblance ( pleasure1 h[ev] fugitive & deceitful4 ,! w1 :i* is 9 its full vig\r ev5 9 a *ild1 has already c>ri$ into effect mo/ ( ^! desires1 & has ?us produc$ su* a habit ( grasp+ impulsively1 & )\t reflection1 at ev]y?+ t pres5ts itself 9 ! aspect ( an enjoym5t1 t reason (t5 arrives too late to de/roy ! asc5dancy ga9$ by ! lu/ ( ! he>t1 & to claim its dom9ion ov] all man's actions4 ,,xxiv4 ,besides1 reason is sometimes 9 dang] ( los+ its supremacy1 ev5 aft] hav+ ass]t$ x4 ,in/9ct1 :i*1 9 brutes1 holds ! place ( free-w1 conf9es _! physical crav+s )9 c]ta9 limits1 & we nev] see an animal wall[ 9 intemp]ance2 b man1 j because enjoy+ absolute fre$om ( w1 may ext5d 8 desires beyond e limit1 & s mu* /ra9 & invigorate !m z to succumb "u _! influ5ce4 ,!re=e reason1 :e!r f its t>dy developm5t1 or f ! unlimit$ asc5dancy ( s5suality1 holds ! re9s ( its p[] always ) unc]ta9ty1 & is n ev] c]ta9 ( be+ obey$4 ,,xxv4 ,ano!r ob/acle is to be trac$ 9 ! want ( opportunity & "t1 or1 9 o!r words1 9 ! little "t t man c sp>e to devote to reflection1 9 ! pres5ce ( ! multif>i\s crav+s ( 8 body4 ,^! crav+s1 increas$1 no d\bt1 by luxury & an incl9ation1 to sup]fluities1 dem& daily & h\rly to be satisfi$4 ,he is1 !n1 oblig$ to "w unceas+ly to e>n or procure ! means ( satisfy+ 8 own physical wants1 z well z1 n unfrequ5tly1 ^? ( a :ole family4 ,alim5t1 clo?+1 habitation1 com=t1 recreation1 & o!r innum]able c>es1 real or artificial1 require s mu* lab\r & ex]tion1 t little or no "t rema9s = ! great majority ( mank9d to devote to ! assidu\s reflections & rese>*es necess>y to det]m9e :at duties reason imposes ^u !m to fulfil1 & :at actions to p]=m4 ,,xxvi4 ,a ?ird ob/acle to ! developm5t ( ! moral =ce 9 man is ! v social life :i*1 by 8 own nature1 he is call$ to ent]4 ,! safety ( ! social fabric dem&s t ! prop]ty ( ea* individual be di/9ct & ackn[l$g$1 & e/abli%es a div]sity ( ranks1 (fices1 hon\rs1 & positions1 :i* ill agree ) human cupidity4 ,h5ce a conflict ( desires1 a collision ( ambitions1 a conte/ ( int]e/s1 :i* at all times g5]ate among m5 discords1 ma*9ations1 frauds1 usurpations1 trea*]y1 viol5ce1 & rap9e4 ,add ! consequ5ces ( ! pride & ambition1 :i* ea* m or less ent]ta9s1 to rea* or surpass "s o!rs 9 p[]1 weal?1 or fame1 :5ce _m causes ( disappo9tm5ts & he>tburn+s1 ( hatr$s & jeal\sies1 ( p]secutions & calumnies1 ( acts ( v5geance & inju/ice ( e =m1 & x w be easily conceiv$ h[ little1 "u ! influ5ce ( s _m evil passions occasion$ by social life1 c\ld populations1 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 be dispos$ to submit will+ly to ! sev]e & exclusive regim5 ( reason4 ,,xxvii4 ,indep5d5tly ( ^! ext]nal imp$im5ts1 !re exi/s a k9d ( int]nal an>*y 9 man1 aris+ f ! want ( a =ce ex]cis+ ! functions ( an arbitrator betwe5 ! m9d & ! he>t1 & incl9+ ! latt] to %ape its decisions on ! motives ( ! =m]4 ,! tru?s1 :i* he is frequ5tly able to discov]1 satisfy 8 intellect )\t affect+ 8 w1 m9i/] food to ! m9d1 b op]ate n on ! he>t2 9 %ort1 !y e/abli% a !ory1 b comm& n practice4 ,h5ce x (t5 happ5s t man sees "r1 approves x1 & yet adh]es to wrong4 ,ev5 aft] hav+ ga!r$ an abundant h>ve/ f long /udies & pr(\nd m$itations1 he /ill feels ! ne$ ( a guide to direct 8 /eps--( a means1 available at all times1 & compet5t to enable him to subord9ate ! appetitive to ! intellectual faculties1 & to cause ! w to foll[ ! judgm5ts ( ! m9d r ?an ^? ( ! he>t4 ,,xxviii4 ,! inadequacy ( natural religion alone becomes /ill m manife/1 :5 we consid] ! weakness & limit$ ext5t ( ! human und]/&+4 ,to m$itate assidu\sly on an ab/ract object1 :i* does n fall "u ! p]ception ( ! s5ses1 is giv5 only to a few individuals end[$ ) uncommon p5etration4 ,b by f> ! great] "p ( m51 dis9cl9$ to submit to long & ardu\s rese>*es1 conc]n+ :at !y ought or ought n to believe & to d1 pref] liv+ ?\ghtlessly2 & :5 !y ev5 try to ent] ^u spiritual m$itations1 !y soon feel disc\rag$1 &1 (t5 di/ru/+ _! own p[]s1 ?r[ up ! difficult task half way1 to resume ! c\rse ( a reckless mode ( life4 ,,xxix4 ,b ev5 ! few privileg$ be+s1 :o believe !mselves equal to ! task1 & plunge e>ne/ly into spiritual rese>*es1 mu/ confess to ! insuffici5cy ( ! intellectual p[]s1 & admit1 t beside "s few pr9ciples :i* !y h succe$$ 9 e/abli%+1 _m d\bts rema9 to be cle>$1 _m que/ions to be solv$1 _m objections to be ov]come2 & !y mu/ ultimately conclude1 t reason by itself is unable to answ] on all t int]e/s man to admit or to d5y1 to seek or to avoid1 to believe & to d1 to hope & to fe>4 ,!re is n1 9 ?is wide range ( spiritual subjects1 a proposition held by "o z true1 :i* has n be5 disc>d$ by ano!r z an error2 & !re is n a p>adox or an absurdity t has n f\nd "s support]s1 :o ma9ta9$ x z a tru?4 ,d\bt & error1 9 ab/ract & metaphysical que/ions1 are natural & inh]5t 9 mank9d1 s long z reason is _! only lum9>y 9 ! rese>*4 ,,xxx4 ,! exp]i5ce ( all ages tea*es u t ! ob/acles above /at$ h always ex]cis$ _! influ5ce ^u ! developm5t ( ! moral s5se among m51 by ret>d+1 & sometimes ev5 r5d]+ impossible to !m1 a cle> & s\nd conception ( _! de/9ation1 & a firm resolve to con=m to x4 ,all ! nations ( antiquity1 :i*1 left to !mselves1 nev] receiv$ f )\t any spiritual & religi\s in/ruction1 c\ld nev] rise f ! sl\gh ( s5suality & sup]/ition2 !y sank deep 9 idolatry1 & ultimately adopt$ cre$s & practices abom9able & repugnant alike to ! excell5ce ( reason & ! dignity ( man4 ,on ! o!r h&1 all ! nations t totally or p>tly succe$$ 9 extricat+ !mselves f a /ate ( brutality & b>b>ism1 mu/ ackn[l$ge t n to ! developm5t ( _! intellig5ce alone !y owe _! reg5]ation1 b to c]ta9 sublime doctr9es--orig9at$ 9 causes q extr9sical f human nature--:i*1 hav+ f\nd _! way to !m ?r\gh a conc\rse ( fav\rable & app>5tly =tuit\s circum/ances1 7 m or less readily admitt$1 z notions ga9$ f )\t1 & by degrees +raft$1 "u v>i\s modifications1 on _! own primitive ideas4 ,,xxxi4 ,x be+1 !n1 almo/ impossible1 or1 at lea/1 extremely difficult1 = man to arrive1 ?r\gh ! sole action ( ! faculties inh]5t 9 8 nature1 at 8 int5d$ goal1 to %ape 8 c\rse accord+ly1 & ?us to lay ! f\ndations ( 8 future happ9ess1 x 0 necess>y t an intellig5ce f> sup]ior to 8 own %\ld come to 8 assi/ance1 communicate to him "s fundam5tal tru?s conc]n+ 8 pres5t & future life1 enlight5 8 intellect1 guide 8 reason1 invigorate 8 w 9 ! pa?s ( tru?1 ju/ice1 & righte\sness1 & ?us facilitate to him ! atta9m5t ( 8 sublime de/9ation4 ,x 0 necess>y t ,god himself %\ld in/ruct him 9 :at 0 mo/ important to "k1 manife/ ,8 w to him1 & explicitly po9t out to him ! way he 0 to foll[1 ! ob/ructions he 0 to avoid1 & ! goal he _h to rea*4 ,man1 !n1 0 9 ne$ ( a revelation4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,xxxii4 ,,?is revelation 0 actually v\*saf$4 ,x pleas$ ! supreme ,be+1 ?r\gh ,8 inf9ite m]cy1 to manife/ ,8 w1 & make kn[n "s great & preci\s tru?s1 :i* m5 w\ld h va9ly attempt$ to discov] ) ! unaid$ op]ation ( _! reason2 ,he *ose to und]take1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 ! education ( mank9d4 ,f ! beg9n+ ( ! _w ,god reveal$ ,himself to ! fir/ man2 & ,he cont9u$ aft]w>ds = _m ages1 z ,8 et]nal wisdom deem$ prop]1 to communicate to su* individuals z 7 ! wor?ie/ among mortals ! in/ructions :i* 7 aft]w>ds to "w ! salvation ( all mank9d4 ,^? in/ructions1 :i* conta9 tru?s by f> m com=t+ & sublime ?an any results :i* man c\ld h arriv$ at ?r\gh 8 own faculties alone1 con/itute ! sub/ance ( ,revelation2 & he :o ackn[l$ges _! div9e orig91 & con=ms to !m ! actions ( 8 life1 is call$ a pr(essor ( ! reveal$ religion4 ,,xxxiii4 ,t ,god has really reveal$ ,himself to "s individuals ( ! human species is an hi/orical fact1 ! tru? ( :i* is prov$1 l all tru?s ( a simil> ord]1 by te/imony & docum5ts4 ,b indep5d5tly ( ! exi/+ evid5ce1 ! possibility ( su* an act c be easily conceiv$ by ! human und]/&+1 :5 we consid] t ev]y?+ is feasible to ! omnipot5ce ( ! ,creator2 & no?+ is m cons5tane\s to ,8 inf9ite goodness & wisdom1 ?an ! bless$ purpose ( grant+ to human frailty an assi/ance calculat$ to lead ! noble/ ( creatures to ! atta9m5t ( ! exalt$ end = :i* he 0 creat$4 ,to conceive1 also1 ! precise modes & =ms 9 :i* su* a revelation is effect$ or convey$1 x 0 giv5 only to ^? elect :o 7 !mselves ! recipi5ts1 & :o are call$ ,prophets4 ,b we c arrive at ! k ( ! pr9cipal *>act]i/ics :i* con/itute prophecy1 aft] we %all h plac$ 9 a cle> light ! ess5ce & ! f9al object ( revelation4 ,,xxxiv4 ,all ! reveal$ doctr9es may be r$uc$ to "o fundam5tal pr9ciple1 f :i* !y orig9ate1 & on :i* re/s ! :ole edifice ( revelation4 ,?is pr9ciple may be express$ z foll[s3--,besides ! g5]al relation ( dep5d5ce exi/+ indi/9ctly betwe5 all creatures & _! ,creator1 !re is a relation m intimate & special betwe5 ,god & man--a relation ( a spiritual & s5tim5tal nature1 aris+ f ! circum/ance ( ! latt] be+ creat$ 9 ! image ( ,god1 by virtue ( :i* man is n subject exclusively to ! bl9d gov]nm5t ( ! physical laws ( nature1 b1 almo/ indep5d5t ( !m1 he walks "u ! imm$iate influ5ce ( 8 cele/ial ,fa!r2 ?is indep5d5ce1 h[ev]1 _c be accompli%$ be=e he has succe$$ 9 subdu+ 8 s5sual appetites1 & has b5t !m to foll[ ! div9e direction4 ,?us act+1 he w n rema9 a passive spectator ( ! vicissitudes :i* accel]ate or ret>d ! fulfilm5t ( t :i* ! ,div9e wisdom purpos$ z ! f9al aim ( ! creation1 b1 ?r\gh ! immortal _s transfus$ 9 him1 he w feel impell$ to take "s active "p 9 ! great "w ( ! ultimate univ]sal p]fection1 & to associate 8 own w to ! w ( ! ,creator4 ,,xxxv4 ,! relation betwe5 ,god & man is a tie ( love4 ,god be+ goodness itself1 ?is f9ds a m ext5sive field = its manife/ation 9 ! rational creature ?an 9 any o!r4 ,on ! o!r h&1 man1 possess$ ( a spiritual s\l1 is sup]ior to matt]1 & is capable1 m ?an ! o!r t]re/rial be+s1 ( receiv+ )9 himself an abundance ( ! ,div9e b5evol5ce1 :i* diffuses itself ?r\gh\t ! univ]se 9 exact proportion to ! v>i\s aptitudes ( ! recipi5ts4 ,x is precisely 9 consequ5ce ( ! und]/&+ ) :i* man is end[$1 & ( 8 aptitude to n\ri% love = ! supreme ,be+1 t he has be5 elect$1 f among all t]re/rial creatures1 to ent] into a m intimate relation ) ,god1 & to co-op]ate1 9 z mu* z lies 9 8 p[]1 to ! accompli%m5t ( ! div9e plan4 ,,xxxvi4 ,! plan ( ! ,creator is immeasurably pr(\nd1 & !re=e inscrutable4 ,nev]!less1 9 s f> z x is p]mitt$ to ! human m9d to p5etrate x1 & z x has pleas$ ! ,div9e m]cy to reveal x1 we "k ) c]ta9ty t x is all direct$ to diffuse happ9ess & beatitude ov] all creatures1 9 proportion to _! respective capabilities ( p>ticipat+ 9 !m1 & to guide all be+s t[>ds t end1 :i*1 9 ! s*eme ( ! univ]se1 0 pre-orda9$ by ! ,inf9ite ,wisdom z ! be/4 ,n[1 ! inanimate portion ( ! creation progresses unconsci\sly 9 ! way orda9$ by ,provid5ce1 obeys physical immutable laws1 & is1 !re=e1 only a means to a m exalt$ end4 ,b ! moral be+1 :o has self-consci\sness1 resolves on action aft] delib]at+ ^u :at he ?9ks be/1 & c>ries out 8 resolve ) free w2 he is1 !n1 himself ! aim ( 8 life4 ,!re=e1 to lead ?is be+ t[>ds 8 own de/9ation1 x 0 prop] n to subject him to re/ra9t "u laws ( necessity1 o!rwise ! fre$om ( 8 w w\ld h be5 de/roy$2 x 0 only necess>y to enlight5 him1 to place be=e him "s fundam5tal tru?s1 capable ( dispell+ all d\bts f 8 m9d1 & deta*+ him f errors & sup]/itions1 & ?us to (f] him means & inducem5ts suffici5t to direct 8 att5tion & w t[>ds ! end design$ by ! ,div9e wisdom4 ,,xxxvii4 ,x is ^! tru?s1 (f]$ z means & inducem5ts1 t con/itute ! ess5ce ( revelation4 ,?r\gh revelation1 man 0 made acqua9t$ t ,god creat$ ! univ]se out ( n\ght1 t ,he gov]ns x ) ,8 wisdom1 & c "w e *ange :i* ,he deems suitable2 t ,he creat$ man 9 ! ,div9e image1 t is1 ) an immortal s\l1 capable ( receiv+ )9 itself ! ,div9e idea1 ( conceiv+ its sublimity1 & c>ry+ x into effect4 ,?r\gh revelation1 man le>nt t ,god is ,"o1 omnipot5t1 holy1 ( inf9ite =be>ance & m]cy1 & an inexhau/ible s\rce ( pure love2 t ,he creat$ z a /ock ( all ! human family a s+le individual 7to proclaim !reby ! pr9ciple ( univ]sal bro!rhood & mutual love betwe5 all ! memb]s ( t family72 t ,he desires to be lov$1 wor%ipp$1 & s]v$ by x1 ) purity ( he>t1 ) elevation ( _s1 & ) unfl9*+ con/ancy4 ,?r\gh revelation1 we are taught to use wisely ! e>?ly gifts1 & to turn _! mat]ial enjoym5t into a subject = edification & ! glorification ( ,god2 to ex]cise "r1 ju/ice1 rectitude1 *>ity1 piety1 & humility2 we are also taught t ,god judges ! human actions1 puni%es ^? :o contrav5e ,8 w1 & is dispos$ to p>don ! s9s ( ^? :o feel a true rep5tance4 ,&1 la/ly1 ?r\gh revelation1 an invitation is t5d]$ to man to elevate 8 m9d to ! ,creator1 to imitate ,him1 to approa* ,him ?r\gh self-sanctification2 & a p]spective is op5$ be=e 8 m9d's eye ( an int]m9able future ( beatitude beyond ! grave1 z ! ultimate goal ( 8 long+s1 & a j rew>d to 8 virtu\s conduct4 ,,xxxviii4 ,:5 an individual1 aft] long & s]i\s m$itations1 & ?r\gh a conc\rse ( fav\rable circum/ances1 acquires a compreh5sion ( ?is div9e plan1 & conceives x 9 its fulle/ ext5t & excell5ce1 he w feel an irresi/ible attraction t[>ds su* a contemplation1 & an ineffable admiration w seize all 8 m9d2 an int]nal int5se desire w spr+ up 9 8 he>t to see x c>ri$ out1 nay1 to contribute himself to its accompli%m5t1 s9ce ! fir/ t5d5cy is already engraft$ on 8 v nature4 ,9 proportion z ?is desire ext5ds its roots 9 ! he>t ( t individual1 s w he make x 8 exclusive pre-occupation1 volunt>ily sacrifice to x e worldly consid]ation1 & s w he feel impell$ to devote himself to promote1 promulgate1 & br+ to univ]sal k ^? tru?s :i*1 z /at$1 =m ! ess5ce ( revelation2 8 s\l w become ! receptacle ( ! ,div9e idea1 8 tongue & all 8 body ! organs ( its fulfilm5t2 8 :ole life w be an expression ( ! idea :i* p]vades him2 he w feel )9 himself an irresi/ible call to con/itute himself1 ( 8 own au?ority1 & )\t any reg>d to worldly p[]s1 a preceptor to mank9d1 an advis] & c5sor ( all1 a support] ( "r & virtue1 a h]ald ( tru?1 & a def5d] ( ! cause ( ,god2 he w defy e ob/acle ) unb5d+ _s1 w employ all 8 p[]s1 physical & moral1 to ! atta9m5t ( 8 aim2 & sometimes he w end by becom+ a m>tyr to 8 holy project4 ,9 %ort1 8 w becomes id5tical ) ! w ( ,god4 ,,xxxix4 ,su* a man is a prophet4 ,8 m9d elevat$ to ! highe/ degree ( intellig5ce1 8 he>t b5t con/antly to love :at is good1 he has almo/ assum$ a second nature1 & he lives ^u e>? a purely spiritual life4 ,( all t surr\nds him1 no?+ is ( any value 9 8 eyes b t :i* may contribute to ! accompli%m5t ( ! ,div9e design2 9 all pass+ ev5ts he sees b z _m dispositions ( ,provid5ce calculat$ to direct m5 to ! pa? 9 :i* !y are call$ to walk2 ! v ?\ghts :i* cross 8 m9d1 & ! wi%es :i* =m !mselves 9 8 he>t1 he reg>ds !m n z ! productions ( 8 own s\l1 b z emanations f ! ,_s ( ,god :i* dwells 9 him1 & p]vades all 8 be+4 ,su* a mode ( view+ ?+s is1 aft] all1 n a m]e effect ( 8 imag9ation1 b a true reflex ( ! influ5ce t actuates ?is man1 an influ5ce spr++ f ! fact already /at$1 t 8 w has id5tifi$ itself ) ! w ( ,god4 ,h5ce ! prophet is call$ a man inspir$ by ,god1 = x is ! ,div9e ,_s t p]vades1 agitates1 & directs him2 x is ! ,div9e ,_s t f\nd 9 him an in/rum5t = its op]ation1 an organ = its manife/ation1 a m$ium to c>ry out its high designs1 a repres5tative ( ,god on e>?1 :o %all recall m5 to _! ,div9e orig91 & lead !m on to _! ultimate de/9ation4 ,,xl4 ,f ! =ego+ exposition ( ! *>act]s ( prophecy x w appe> obvi\s1 t ^? are greatly mi/ak51 :o ?9k t ! exclusive or ev5 ! pr9cipal m9i/ry ( ! prophet consi/s 9 =esee+ & =etell+ future ev5ts4 ,! prophet may occasionally f9d x necess>y to 8 ends to pr$ict "s ev5ts1 :i* he does by virtue ( ! ,div9e _s infus$ 9 him2 b ?is is = him only an accessory means to ! *ief object1 :i* is to propagate & promote among m5 div9e k & religi\s life4 ,) an all-wise provision1 ,god dispos$ t1 z a rule1 ! future %all rema9 hidd5 f mortals1 t !y may ex]t !mselves to r5d] x propiti\s by _! good actions2 & if ,he sometimes p]mitt$1 z an exception1 t x %\ld be reveal$ to !m ?r\gh ! disp5s]s ( ,8 ^w1 x 0 n to gratify an idle curiosity1 b to excite m5 to wor?ily con=m _! works to com+ ev5ts4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,xli4 ,,! prelim9>y notions hi!rto set =? are to be reg>d$ z plac$ 9 ! ve/ibule lead+ to ! temple ( ,revelation4 ,n[1 be=e we cross ! ?re%old1 x may be well to meet at once an objection :i* w possibly be (f]$ by mod]n incr$ulity4 ,x is fa%ionably said1 t rational man c admit no?+ z true except t :i* is prov$ to him by logical demon/rations2 & z = ! acceptance ( a reveal$ religion fai? is a necess>y elem5t1 & ?is mu/ exclude 7z commonly pret5d$7 e k9d ( pro(1 !re=e all reason+ is out ( ! "q1 & ! v basis ( t :i* is s\ght to be inculcat$ z a tru?1 r5d]s x inadmissible4 ,su* an objection1 h[ev] errone\s 9 reality1 has too grave an appe>ance1 & its consequ5ces w\ld be too lam5table1 to p]mit u to disreg>d x4 ,x becomes1 !re=e1 indisp5sable1 be=e ent]+ ! sanctu>y ( ,revelation1 to remove ! ob/ruction ( su* an error1 ev5 at ! co/ ( a digression f our pa?1 9 ord] to consid] ! matt] 9 its orig94 ,,xlii4 ,"o ( ! prim>y laws ( exi/5ce 9 ! physical _w is self-love2 t is1 an in/9ct 9 e creature to procure its own good1 ev5 at ! exp5se ( o!rs1 s t ! pres]vation ( "o is att5d$ ) ! de/ruction ( "s o!rs4 ,all nature is 9 a p]petual /ruggle )9 itself1 & e compon5t "p receives ! elem5ts ( its own life & increm5t f ! de/ruction ( o!rs4 ,?is we see repeat$ly happ5 "u our own eyes1 z well 9 plants z 9 animals1 & s evid5tly1 t we ne$ n "h record in/ances to confirm x4 ,x is ?r\gh ?is contra/ ( individual int]e/s1 ?r\gh ?is p]petual alt]nation ( production & gr[? ) decrease & de/ruction1 t ,provid5ce orda9$ ! pres]vation ( ! _w 9 its totality1 :ile ! individuals p]i% & ! species rema94 ,,xliii4 ,man also1 consid]$ only 9 8 physical nature1 is subject to ! univ]sal law ( self-love2 & until he has arriv$ at a correct appreciation ( 8 moral nature & duties1 he w all[ himself to be impell$ by t law to possess himself ( all t he ?9ks suitable to 8 own advantage1 reg>dless ( ! detrim5t ( o!rs1 & ev5 ( _! v exi/5ce2 & s w1 on ! o!r h&1 e "o else1 be+ 9 ! same condition1 act t[>ds him4 ,b ! effects ( unre/ra9$ self-love are by f> m mis*iev\s 9 man ?an 9 ! irrational animals1 = ! intellig5ce ) :i* he is end[$ af=ds him m means & artifices to accompli% 8 selfi% views1 s long z he is gov]n$ by ^! & n by nobl] impulses4 ,h5ce x happ5s also1 t s long z a man lies "u ! fasc9ation ( self-love1 society1 ( :i* he is call$ to become a memb]1 places him 9 a condition1 f :i* he looks ^u 8 fell[-m5 z ! natural enemies ( 8 individual happ9ess2 & he feels a prop5sity to ?r[ ob/acles1 ei!r by malice or viol5ce1 9 ! way ( o!rs1 to prev5t _! atta9+ t :i* is d5i$ to him4 ,,xliv4 ,b we f9d1 also1 9 man ano!r pr9ciple diametrically oppos$ to self-love1 :i*1 proce$+ f ! noble/ pr]ogatives ( 8 s\l1 di/+ui%es him f ! irrational creatures1 & invites him to a c>e] totally opposite to !irs4 ,?is pr9ciple1 commonly call$ virtue1 we %all express by ! m compreh5sive "n ( h]oism4 ,z by self-love man is incl9$ to sacrifice ! welf>e ( o!rs to 8 own1 s by h]oism he is l$ to sacrifice himself to ! welf>e ( o!rs4 ,:5 we see a "m /ruggl+ to dea?1 & ) admirable self-devotion1 aga9/ ov]p[]+ waves1 or f]oci\s bea/s1 or dev\r+ flames1 to save h] *ild f c]ta9 de/ruction1 x w\ld be /olidity & folly = u to br+ into comp>ison ) ?is act1 ! c>es be/[$ by a brute 9 fe$+ h] "y1 s9ce z soon z ! latt] has c>ri$ into effect ! ord] ( nature1 %e =sakes !m1 &1 :5 gr[n1 does n ev5 recognise !m2 :]eas ! love ( a "m endures beyond ! grave4 ,:5 a husb&1 b\nd ) ! indissoluble tie ( affection to ! woman ( 8 he>t1 volunt>ily sacrifices to h] ev]y?+ de>e/ 9 ! _w1 & f9ds 9 h] affection ample recomp5se = 8 dire/ privations1 :o w\ld d>e to attribute ?is to ! physical sexual t5d5cy common ev5 to ! brutes8 a t5d5cy1 :i*1 besides manife/+ itself only at deta*$ p]iods ( "t1 disappe>s altoge!r 9 old age1 :]eas conjugal love runs beyond ! conf9es ( "t4 ,! same may be said ( a fri5d1 :o w\ld give 8 own life to save t ( 8 belov$1 ( a g5]\s w>rior :o risks ev]y?+ = 8 c\ntry's sake1 & ( a ho/ ( o!rs1 :o magnanim\sly devote !mselves to ! relief ( suff]+ humanity2 9 %ort1 ( e "o :o feels himself mov$ by a sup]ior =ce to cross ov] ! b\nd>ies ( selfi%ness & s5suality1 & to become a h]o4 ,,xlv4 ,9 all ^! ph5om5a1 a pr9ciple directly adv]se to t ( physical nature manife/s itself4 ,:ile 9 ! latt]1 self-love is a necess>y supreme law1 9 ! spiritual life ( man we see prevail+1 z a f\ndation to morality1 a volunt>y sacrifice ( self1 (f]$ on ! alt> ( love4 ,no pa9 or regret ev] accompanies su* an (f]+2 on ! contr>y1 a s5sible man und]takes x ) *e]fulness1 z a manife/ation ( 8 exalt$ nature1 & d]ives f its p]=mance a pur] joy ?an all o!r e>?ly enjoym5ts c\ld af=d him4 ,b ?is love1 :i* limits & conqu]s self-love1 ?is love :i* s well te/ifies to ! excell5ce ( man1 :5ce does x proce$8 ,assur$ly n f physical nature2 ?is is1 on ! contr>y1 bas$ ^u a law :i* w\ld de/roy love4 ,x mu/ emanate1 !n1 f a s\rce1 itself a prototype ( moral p]fection1 a p]petual spr+ ( ! pure/ love2 & ?is s\rce is ,god4 ,?r\gh ! effects & impressions ( ?is cele/ial love1 man feels ! ne$ ( approa*+ 8 ,creator1 ( f9d+ 9 ,him ! provid5t ,rul] ( ! human de/9ies1 & ( expect+ f ,8 k9dness ! future triumph ( good1 & an ultimate p]fection ( all ?+s4 ,god1 provid5ce1 & ! immortality ( ! s\l1 become !n = him inconte/able tru?s3 & at su* a k he does n arrive by way ( labori\s in/ruction & logical demon/rations2 b x spr+s up1 z x 71 9 8 inw>d feel+1 :i* prompts him to regulate 8 life accord+ to t sublime model ( moral p]fection2 !re=e1 al?\gh reason furni%es n to him logical pro(s ( ^! tru?s1 yet he f9ds ! pres5tim5t ( !m )9 8 he>t1 he feels !m1 he accepts !m ) a =ce m s5tim5tal ?an intellectual1 he embraces !m ) en?usiasm1 & c no long] deta* himself f !m2 9 %ort he believes !m4 ,,xlvi4 ,?us1 ) ! same confid5ce ) :i* man admits z true1 :at is demon/rat$ to 8 reason by solid argum5ts1--& he is !n said to be conv9c$1--does he likewise give 8 ass5t to ! noble inspirations ( 8 he>t1 n yet deprav$ by abject incl9ations1--& he is !n said to be p]suad$4 ,?us !re are two k9ds ( tru?s1 equally asc]ta9$1 & !re=e equally admissible2 ! "o proce$+ f intellect & call$ rational tru?1 ! o!r =m$ 9 ! he>t1 & call$ moral tru?4 ,! s\rce ( ! latt] might also prop]ly be call$ good s5se1 :i* 9 fact acts1 9 _m circum/ances ( life1 9 lieu ( pure reason4 ,a man end[$ ) good s5se1 & :o has n yet become a slave to s5sual appetites1 w n d\bt = a mom5t1 ev5 )\t hav+ ev] be5 acqua9t$ ) ! pro(s1 t ly+1 calumniat+1 blasphem+1 false swe>+1 robb+1 murd]+1 betray+ fri5d%ip1 c\ntry or hon\r1 are culpable & abom9able actions4 ,o!r tru?s bas$ on good s5se are also ! foll[+3 ! fai? we h 9 fri5d%ip1 9 ! rectitude ( ^? :o adm9i/] ju/ice1 9 ! fidelity ( a belov$ object1 9 ! t5d]ness ( p>5ts1 9 ! excell5ce ( virtue1 & above all1 9 ! wisdom1 goodness1 & provid5ce ( ,god2 all ^! ?+s we admit )9 our s\ls1 n 9 consequ5ce ( a cold calculation ( ! intellect1 b ?r\gh an irresi/ible impulse ( ! he>t1 & 9 consequ5ce ( a sort ( pres5tim5t spr++ f ! consci\sness ( our own noble spirituality1 :i* develops itself & ga9s =ce1 9 proportion z we elevate ourselves above ! mat]ial prop5sities to :i* we are subject z citiz5s ( ?is e>?4 ,,xlvii4 ,^? :o1 ?r[+ !mselves on a sev]e rationalism1 w recognise no?+ z true b :at is demon/rat$ to !m l ma!matical !orems1 w look ^u ! s5tim5ts above ref]r$ to z delusions ( ! fancy1 because !y see !m f\nd$ b ^u feel+2 b !y :o ?9k s are manife/ly 9 error4 ,if fai? 9 ,god1 9 ,8 provid5ce1 & 9 ! immortality ( ! human s\l1 7 a m]e product ( ! imag9ation1 x w\ld la/ only s long z ! semblance1 :i* _h giv5 x alim5t1 exi/s2 & :5 man is awak5$ to ! s5se ( realities & facts calculat$ to de/roy ! delusion1 he w\ld be se5 to )draw f ! me%es ( 8 error1 & 8 reason triumphant w\ld confess ! =m] ab]ration ( ! m9d2 yet x happ5s n s4 ,9 ! mom5t we are /ruck by "s grave calamity1 :5 we see fond hopes1 long *]i%$1 vani% 9 an in/ant1 or :5 we are on ! po9t ( los+ :at is de>e/ to u1 :y is fai? 9 ,god & 9 ,8 provid5ce n !n weak5$ 9 ! religi\s man8 ,:y1 on ! contr>y1 does he cl+ to x m & m8 ,! reason is1 because su* a fai? is n a cold !orem1 aga9/ :i* "s d\bt may ev5tually arise1 b a tru? root$ 9 ! love inh]5t 9 our nature2 & consequ5tly x acquires vig\r ) ! gr[? ( love1 & its p[] _c be ext+ui%$ b :5 we cease to love4 ,s1 also1 ! o!r impulses to h]oism & to exalt$ moral action1 by :i* we are induc$ to great sacrifices1 or l$ to believe ourselves capable ( accompli%+ !m1 are produc$ 9 u by fai? 9 an et]nal ,s\rce ( pure love1 by t fai? :i* c>ries ) itself ! surety ( a future life & a future k+dom f\nd$ ^u love4 ,!re=e1 9 proportion z man succe$s 9 subdu+ 8 own passions1 or z ^! gr[ fa9t by age or o!r causes1 s 8 love gr[s m vigor\s2 & z e>?ly objects gradually disappe>1 s fai? rises & %ews itself all-p]vad+ & inv9cible4 ,,xlviii4 ,z a condition indisp5sable to ! ent]ta9m5t ( fai?1 we h already insi/$ on ! necessity ( previ\sly free+ ! he>t f ! sway ( ! s5sual appetites2 & x is n )\t a grave reason1 = !re9 precisely consi/s ! secret ( ! solution ( ! great "q agitat$ 9 all ages betwe5 ! s-call$ rationali/s & ! sup]naturali/s4 ,intellect & reason are rays f ! ,div9e wisdom1 be/[$ ^u man to assi/ him to disc]n betwe5 true & false1 betwe5 good & evil2 b su* a function is n ex]cis$ by ^? faculties ) an absolute p[] ov] ! human w2 !y1 on ! contr>y1 are subs]vi5t to su* desires & passions z h acquir$ a prepond]ance 9 ! he>t2 !y are simil> to ^? m9i/]s ( a pr9ce :o1 9 (f]+ him advice1 only aim at facilitat+ ! atta9m5t ( _! ma/]'s wi%es2 or to ! kn[n effects ( a glass appli$ to a jaundic$ eye4 ,s long z man rema9s fai?ful to 8 moral duties1 & desires no?+ b :at is good & hone/1 8 intellect & reason always (f] him valid argum5ts to confirm him 9 8 purpose1 & to augm5t 8 love ( virtue2 & !n1 also1 ! noble/ dogmas ( fai?1 ,god1 provid5ce1 & immortality f9d easy access to 8 m9d1 & are ,h>b\r$ ) joy4 ,b if deprav$ prop5sities h corrupt$ 8 he>t1 s t 8 aspirations are 9 a wrong & base direction1 !n ^! same faculties become m9i/]s to ! pr$om9ant passion1 & sugge/ to man sophisms1 fallacies1 & speci\s subtleties1 :]eby to dis[n t :i* he h]et(ore respect$1 to upset ! edifice ( 8 fai?1 to lull 8 consci5ce & quiet remorse1 to excuse 8 weaknesses & break ?r\gh e re/ra9t1 & ?us to w>rant e k9d ( fault & vice4 ,h5ce x is t ! k & disc]nm5t ( :at is true or untrue1 9 ! moral _w1 dep5ds1 9 a consid]able degree1 ^u ! practice ( good or evil2 h5ce x is1 t ! judgm5ts ( ! m9d are modifi$ by ! incl9ations ( ! he>t1 & t virtue op5s ! way to fai?1 & vice is ! au?or ( infidelity4 ,,xlix4 ,f :at we h hi!rto briefly /at$1 x w appe> suffici5tly obvi\s t ! dogmas ( reveal$ religion1 ?\gh bas$ r on ! gr\nd ( fai? ?an on t ( philosophy & /rict criticism1 are yet1 = an upright man1 susceptible ( a degree ( evid5ce equal to t ( any o!r demon/rable tru?1 inasmu* z !y h _! f\ndation 9 human nature itself1 & c be reject$ b by him :o rebels aga9/ ! noble/ impulses ( ! he>t1 to give himself up to ! sway ( passions or inord9ate appetites4 ,"o ( ! features1 :i* mo/ enhances ! value ( religion1 is precisely ?is1 t x is ! product1 n ( transc5d5tal devices ( ! m9d1 b ( fai? 9 ,god1 itself spr++ f love1 & t consequ5tly1 x is n orig9at$ by ! intellect1 b infus$ by a ,div9e grace4 ,?us we see e day1 9 our own exp]i5ce1 t ! l(tie/ ?\ghts ( virtue & h]oism are n sugge/$ to u by a long & labori\s *a9 ( syllogisms1 b break ^u u unexpect$ly z inspirations ( ! he>t2 truly--consid]+ ! div9e _s dwell+ )9 u1 & :i* we h b to h>b\r c>efully--!y break ^u u l inspirations ( heav54 ,hav+1 z we hope1 satisfactorily dispos$ ( ! objection usually put =w>d by ! s-call$ rationali/s1 we %all n[ proce$ to relate ! modes by :i* ,div9e revelation hi/orically came into actuality4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,l4 ,,! b5efits :i* ! ,et]nal ,wisdom _h det]m9$ to conf] ^u mank9d ?r\gh revelation1 dep5d$1 h[ev]1 on a condition )\t :i*1 !y c\ld nev] h be5 realiz$4 ,x 0 necess>y t m51 on _! "p1 %\ld be incl9$ to receive ! bidd+ address$ to !m1 t !y %\ld direct _! att5tion to ! tru?s to be gradually promulgat$ to !m = _! own advantage2 9 %ort1 t !y %\ld feel dispos$ to correspond to ! ,div9e int5tions4 ,x 0 no "p ( ! plan ( ! ,div9e wisdom t m5 %\ld be 9 any way con/ra9$1 = t w\ld h be5 depriv+ !m ( ! preci\s gift ( free w1 & de/roy+ _! ess5ce4 ,b ?is v lib]ty1 ( action grant$ to man1 r5d]$ ! realization ( ! ,div9e ?\ght d\btful2 & x might h happ5$ t a g5]ation1 s9k+ itself into complete corruption1 w\ld h lo/ e trace ( ! tru?s already reveal$2 & !nce a necessity w\ld h aris5 = "o or m repetitions ( ! communication1 ) equal unc]ta9ty ( p]man5t success4 ,,li4 ,to avoid su* a dang]1 x pleas$ ! ,div9e ,m]cy to f\nd ^u e>? a p]man5t in/itution ( an exceptional1 wond]ful1 almo/ pret]natural "*1 ?r\gh :i* ! pres]vation ( ! pr9cipal doctr9es1 t =m ! sub/ance ( reveal$ religion1 c\ld be insur$ to mank9d4 ,z se$s ( r>e & preci\s plants are pres]v$ ) c>e1 t ! species may n p]i%1 s ! ,rul] ( ,provid5ce design$ to e/abli% among u a repository :]e9 to keep ! g]ms ( all t :i* conc]ns man's spiritual life2 & ,he s orda9$ t !y %\ld be !re jeal\sly gu>d$1 & ) p>ticul> dilig5ce cultivat$1 9 ord] to br+ ab\t _! sl[ & gradual1 b sure propagation among all ! individuals ( ! human family4 ,?is provision is a mo/ lum9\s pro( ( ! unb\nd$ love & m]cy ( ! ,div9e ,artific] t[>ds ! rational creature1 to :om a p[]ful assi/ance is ?us (f]$ to atta9 8 noble de/9ation1 )\t 9 ! lea/ impair+ 8 lib]ty ( action4 ,,lii4 ,su* a provision consi/s 9 ,god hav+ *os5 a small portion ( mank9d to be a m$ium =1 & co-op]ator 91 ! gr& "w1 & hav+ entru/$ to x ! special important mission ( p]petually pres]v+ )9 its pale1 ! pr9cipal dogmas ( reveal$ religion2 ( keep+ always alive on e>? ! remembrance ( t relation :i* 0 e/abli%$ f ! beg9n+ ( creation betwe5 ! ,creator & ! human family2 &1 9 %ort1 ( contribut+ ) all its might to ! practical realization ( ! ,div9e idea4 ,! *os5 few _h consequ5tly to propose to !mselves1 z ! goal ( _! c>e]1 ! def5ce ( ! sacr$ deposit entru/$ to !m f all attacks t might be direct$ by malice1 ignorance or sup]/ition2 !y _h to promote ! propagation ( ! notions ( mono!ism2 ( ! div9e orig9 ( man1 & ( ! duties incumb5t ^u him to practice ju/ice1 *>ity1 rectitude1 & piety2 !y _h to prote/ incessantly aga9/ poly!ism1 & aga9/ all & e idolatr\s & sup]/iti\s cre$1 z adv]se & injuri\s to ! developm5t ( ! pr9ciples ( reveal$ religion2 !y _h to confirm ^! !ories by mak+ !mselves ! exempl>s ( a religi\s life1 & by be>+ witness to !m1 :5 necess>y1 by _! own m>tyrdom2 !y _h ?us to become ! effectual in/rum5ts to ! gradual diffusion ?r\gh\t ! _w ( ^? elem5ts ( tru?1 ( virtue & happ9ess1 calculat$ to br+ =? ! ultimate & univ]sal p]fection ( mank9d4 ,,liii4 ,9 ord] t ! individuals *>g$ ) su* a gr& mission %\ld be compet5t effectually to fulfil x1 x 0 necess>y t !y %\ld !mselves h be5 always free f ! p]nici\s influ5ce ( ! errors & corruption1 :i* _h already spread almo/ ?r\gh\t ! _w2 x 0 necess>y t _! m9ds %\ld h rema9$ unpollut$ by ! notions ( ! extravagant & degrad+ idolatries1 :i* 7 9 practice among almo/ all ! anci5t nations2 & t _! he>ts %\ld h rema9$ unt\*$ by ! contagion ( univ]sal depravity4 ,! soil to :i* any se$1 h[ev] good1 is to be committ$1 w\ld nev] respond to ! expectations ( ! husb&man1 if x 7 n cle>$ f we$s & ?i/les4 ,^? individuals _h1 !re=e1 to be drawn aside f ! g5]al society ( m52 & f _! infancy educat$ & prep>$1 s z to receive )9 _! virg9 s\ls ! se$s t 7 aft]w>ds to produce 9 !m1 & ?r\gh !m1 ! spiritual reg5]ation ( all mank9d4 ,b "h ano!r difficulty pres5t$ itself2 :o w\ld h und]tak5 ! *>ge ( wat*+ ov] ^? individuals f _! infancy1 & keep+ !m 9 su* an isolation1 z to make !m inaccessible to ! g5]al depravity8 ,x 01 !n1 necess>y to beg9 by a s+le individual1 ^: desc5dants %\ld receive f t /ock ! education capable ( fitt+ !m = _! future mission4 ,,liv4 ,! provid5tial measure once decre$1 ( select+ an individual z gu>dian ( ! reveal$ tru?s1 & mak+ him ! fa!r ( a po/]ity1 ^: duty 0 to pres]ve !m & to make !m fructify1 x rema9$ only to det]m9e ! selection ( ! p]son4 ,& "h x is obvi\s t n a caprici\s haz>d1 n an indulg5t pr$ilection1 b only a /rict ju/ice & wise imp>tiality c\ld det]m9e ! important *oice4 ,:oev] w\ld h aspir$ to su* a glory--& ev]ybody c\ld h aspir$ to x--by no o!r means c\ld he h atta9$ x ?an 8 own m]its4 ,su* a man mu/ h1 ( 8 own accord & spontane\sly1 )drawn himself f ! g5]al curr5t ( depravity2 oppos$1 by 8 own impulse1 ! absurd rav+s ( 8 contempor>ies2 display$ a lively atta*m5t to virtue1 & a /eady abhorr5ce ( evil2 cultivat$1 above all1 ju/ice1 *>ity1 & righte\sness1 9 8 e action2 t man mu/ h ?r[n (f ! subjection ( ! s5ses1 & all cupidity ( e>?ly ?+s1 &1 almo/ assum+ a second nature1 h so>$ t[>ds ! et]nal ,s\rce ( tru?1 ! ,creator ( ! univ]se1 (f]+ z a sacrifice to ,him 8 own de>e/ p]sonal int]e/s1 &1 if requir$1 8 life itself4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,lv4 ,,su* a man did appe> on ! /age ( ! _w4 ,x 0 ! patri>* ,abraham4 ,! r>e/ qualities ( m9d & he>t concurr$ admirably to r5d] him fit = ! high mission4 ,by ! sup]iority ( 8 intellig5ce1 he arriv$ at ! rejection ( ! captivat+1 b absurd1 idolatr\s op9ions ( 8 contempor>ies1 & at ! recognition ( a unique supreme ,cause ( all ?+s1 omnipot5t1 all-wise & holy1 t gov]ns all ) imp>tial ju/ice & inf9ite m]cy4 ,! nobility ( 8 s5tim5ts l$ him to lab\r & ex]t himself 9 ! diffusion ( ^! holy notions :]ev] he f\nd himself2 & he 0 mo/ s$ul\s 9 draw+ ! att5tion ( m5 to t :i* mo/ conc]n$ _! spiritual life4 ,an unp>allel$ cordiality t[>ds n only 8 own fri5ds1 b all :o approa*$ him2 a self-abnegation1 c>ri$ to ! po9t ( refus+ ! be/ des]v$ remun]ation2 a humility ready to waive any "r ( 8 own 9 ord] to support t ( o!rs2 a hospitality full1 g5]\s1 unask$2 a cont9ual ex]cise ( *>ity & ju/ice1 :i* _h become 9 him a second nature2 9 f9e1 a submission ( all himself & 8 de>e/ to ! w ( ,god1--su* 0 ! "* ( t celebrat$ lum9>y ( antiquity1 ( t man truly div9e1 ( t exempl> ( sublime virtue4 ,,lvi4 ,al?\gh s _m pre-em95t m]its indisputably assign$ to him ! di/9ction we h po9t$ out1 yet ! ,div9e wisdom decid$ to subject 8 con/ancy to v>i\s trials1 ) ! view ( mak+ manife/ to ! _w ! excell5ce ( t virtu\s "*1 & ! ju/ice :i* dictat$ ! *oice4 ,9 ! cont9ual antagonism betwe5 ! mat]ial & spiritual int]e/s involv$ 9 ! ev5ts ( 8 agitat$ life1 he _h opportunities to display ! noble/ firmness 9 caus+ ! latt] to prevail4 ,involunt>y p]egr9ations1 conflicts ) =eign pot5tates1 dome/ic discords1 dang]s1 haz>ds1 hopes def]r$1 & promises well nigh =gott51 became to him s _m occasions = ! ex]cise ( ! highe/ virtues3 & la/1 ! holy resignation ) :i* he prep>$ to immolate 8 belov$ son1 ?9k+ !reby to respond to a ,div9e bidd+1 rais$ 8 glory to an unapproa*able summit4 ,if ! o!r de$s ( 8 edify+ piety caus$ him to be appo9t$ a h]ald ( ! true religion1 ?is la/ h]oic act br\ght d[n ^u him ! greate/ bless+1 9 ! %ape ( a promise1 t ev5 to 8 remote/ po/]ity w\ld be ext5d$ ! mission ( jeal\sly pres]v+ ! reveal$ tru?s1 & effectually coop]at+ 9 _! propagation1 s t ?r\gh t po/]ity w\ld be bless$ all ! families ( ! e>?4 ,,lvii4 ,abraham's vocation m>ks a lum9\s & highly int]e/+ epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( humanity4 ,x 0 ! comm5cem5t ( ! execution ( t plan ( education ( mank9d1 :i*1 conceiv$ s9ce ! beg9n+ 9 ! ,increate ,m9d1 came by means extraord9>y1 yet consi/5t ) ! natural c\rse ( e>?ly ev5ts1 to diffuse itself gradually & to acquire a progressive =ce among ! v>i\s ramifications ( ! human family4 ,9 t vocation we p]ceive ! fir/ ?reads ( a wond]ful tissue ( ev5ts1 z well 9 ! physical z 9 ! moral _w1 :i* w5t on prep>+ a sl[ b always progressive developm5t ( ! human intellig5ce1 & w g on to produce ultimately ! full f9al accompli%m5t ( ! same primitive plan1 s gr&ly conceiv$4 ,9 fact1 9 ! v act ( elect+ ?is patri>*1 ,god reveal$ ! ultimate object ( ! election by say+1 t ,he *ose him1 9 ord] t he might transmit to 8 late/ po/]ity ! obligation--:i* 0 to become *>act]i/ic ( x--( ex]cis+ & promot+ ,,*>ity & ,,ju/ice1 ! two *ief columns on :i* re/s ! edifice ( human p]fectibility1 two conditions indisp5sable to ! fulfilm5t ( ! ,div9e idea1 & !re=e call$ ways ( ! ,et]nal4 ,,lviii4 ,abraham & 8 race hav+ be5 call$ ^u to p]petuate ! idea ( ! relation exi/+ betwe5 ,god & man1 x 0 obvi\sly necess>y t su* a relation %\ld be fix$ & e/abli%$ 9 a m precise mode 9 ! individuals ( t race ?an x 0 9 any o!rs2 9 o!r words1 x 0 necess>y to %[ cle>ly t ! idea1 :i* 0 to be promot$ among o!rs1 0 firmly seat$1 "u p]man5t & concrete =ms1 9 ^? :o 7 call$ ^u to propagate x4 ,?is p]man5cy ( ! relation exhibit$ itself1 !n1 to ,abraham & 8 po/]ity "u ! =m ( a cov5ant betwe5 ,god & t family1 :]eby ! contract+ p>ties1 z x 71 promis$ & und]took to ma9ta9 c]ta9 conditions1 ^u :i* dep5d$ ! subsi/5ce ( t relation4 ,! mutual conditions e/abli%$ 71 9 sub/ance1 no?+ else ?an ! univ]sal relations subsi/+ betwe5 ,god & e rational be+1 b express$1 ) respect to ,abraham's1 family1 9 m special & *>act]i/ic t]ms1 viz41 "u a =m 9 :i* ,god promis$ ,abraham t ,he w\ld be p>ticul>ly 8 ,god1 8 ,protector1 ,gu>dian1 & ,b5efactor2 & ! ,abrahamites1 on _! "p1 b\nd !mselves to recognise ,him alone z ! ,deity1 to :om adoration & loyal ob$i5ce 7 due4 ,?us ! cov5ant1 :i* _h be5 =m]ly e/abli%$ 9 g5]al t]ms ) ,noah1 z ! repres5tative ( all mank9d1 0 aft]w>ds confirm$ 9 m specific t]ms to ! ,abrahamites1 z ^? :o 7 appo9t$ to keep & to promote among mank9d ! fulfilm5t ( ! conditions ( ! said relation4 ,consid]+ ! ,abrahamitic cov5ant 9 ?is po9t ( view1 all objections ( unreasonable exclusiv5ess & unju/ pr$ilection1 :i* h be5 sometimes urg$1 mu/ disappe>4 ,! ,god ( ,abraham is ! ,god ( ! univ]se2 & ! desc5dants ( ,abraham propose to !mselves no?+ m ?an ! atta9m5t ( t same happ9ess to :i* e mortal c aspire4 ,,lix4 ,9 ord] t ! idea ( ! contract$ cov5ant might rema9 firmly impress$ on all ,abraham's prog5y1 x 0 necess>y to in/itute "s ext]nal m>k1 :i* %\ld cont9ually recall x to ! m9d2 = an idea be+ b an ab/raction1 x c\ld n be v long reta9$ 9 m5's m9ds1 )\t "s symbol or visible sign capable ( keep+ its remembrance alive4 ,x 0 also necess>y t ! adhesion ( t prog5y to ! cov5ant %\ld n beg9 to take effect 9 individuals 9 ! adult age only1 & z a result ( "o's own spontane\s reflexions1 z _h be5 ! case ) ! fir/ /ock ( t family1 b t x %\ld pres5t itself z an accompli%$ fact1 &1 !re=e1 irrevocable & obligatory2 s t e future (fspr+ %\ld be> f 8 bir? an ext]nal indelible m>k1 *>act]is+ him z a foll[] ( t pr9ciple1 & qualify+ him to ent] into ! pale ( t association4 ,by su* means ! pres]vation ( ! cov5ant 0 insur$1 & a beg9n+ 0 made 9 ! sy/em ( ^? ext]nal1 symbolical1 & commemorative acts1 :i* 7 to be !reaft] prescrib$ to all t race1 :5 suffici5tly increas$ to =m an entire p di/9ct f o!rs4 ,?is ext]nal m>k1 in/itut$ be=e ! bir? ( ! elect prog5y ( ! patri>*1 is ! circumcision4 ,,lx4 ,be=e ,abraham's desc5dants atta9$ t degree ( maturity :i* w\ld fit !m to receive a reveal$ legislation1 !y _h to pass ?r\gh v>i\s /ages ( progressive mat]ial increm5t & intellectual developm5t1 & also to und]go sev]al sad vicissitudes produc$ by ! inevitable relations ( contact ) o!r nations4 ,?r\gh\t all ?is p]iod1 :i* we may call prep>atory1 ! ,div9e ,wisdom 0 pleas$ to take t race by ! h&1 guid+ its fir/ /eps1 & wat*+ 9 an extraord9>y mann] ov] its de/9ies1 s z gradually to prep>e x = ! high mission = :i* x 0 design$4 ,we1 !re=e1 p]ceive1 dur+ t epo*1 a cont9ual int]v5tion ( ! ,div9ity 9 regulat+ ! p>ticul> conc]ns ( ! patri>*s & _! successors1 & an incessant c>e to draw _! att5tion to ! future de/9y ( _! gr&*ildr51 & to _! duty ( prep>+ wor?ily = x4 ,su* a c>e manife/$ itself1 p>ticul>ly1 9 v>i\s provid5tial measures1 ! objects ( :i* evid5tly 7 to remove f !m ev]y?+ t might ex]cise ov] !m a s9i/] influ5ce2 to enlight5 !m on ! importance ( _! election1 & to make !m acqua9t$ be=eh& ) ! sev]e trials 9 /ore = !m = sev]al c5turies1 be=e !y c\ld des]v$ly reap ! int5d$ b5efits4 ,,lxi4 ,to ?is category ( provid5tial measures belongs ! /ate ( isolation & ( prec>i\s subsi/5ce1 9 :i*1 by ! ,div9e w1 ! fir/ fa!rs _h to live1 9 respect to _! neighb\rs1 9 t same l& :i* 0 yet promis$ to !m z a p]petual inh]itance2 :]eby !y 7 br\ght to le>n f ! beg9n+ t ! great "w1 :i* _! *ildr5 7 call$ ^u to accompli%1 0 n absolutely dep5d5t on ! possession ( a l& "u _! own sov]eignty1 b r on ! religi\s doctr9es to :i* !y 7 to rema9 fai?fully atta*$4 ,to x belongs1 also1 ! sev]ance or removal ( ! eld] bran* ( ! fir/ two families1 :i* 0 too mu* incl9$ to mat]ial int]e/s1 to tea* !reby t physical sup]iority is n at all requisite to ! pres]vation ( a cov5ant bas$ entirely on spirituality4 ,&1 la/ly1 to ! same category ( measures belongs ! decre$ long s]vitude ( ! ,abrahamites 9 a /range l&1 9 :i*1 n only ! door to social enjoym5ts w\ld be %ut aga9/ !m1 b a b>b>\s tyranny w\ld also deprive !m ( ! free ex]cise ( acts :i* are an imprescriptible "r ( all mortals4 ,?r\gh ! in/rum5tality ( su* an oppression1 ! pr(\nd c\nsels ( ! ,et]nal ,wisdom design$ s to regulate ! fir/ education ( t gr[+ p1 t1 ref9$ 9 ! crucible ( adv]sity1 x %\ld e>ly le>n to r5\nce ! subjection ( ! s5ses1 & turn its he>t & s\l to ,god1 f :om alone x c\ld hope salvation4 ,x 0 only by depriv+ t p ( all human support1 & ( all extrane\s influ5ces on its culture1 t x c\ld acquire a "*1 firm1 indep5d5t1 t5aci\s 9 ! pr9ciples adopt$1 adv]se to =eign notions1 fai?ful to its vocation1 & t its m9d c\ld be deeply impress$ ) ! s5tim5t ( a con/ant adoration ( ! ,supreme ,be+1 z its only ,deliv]]1 ,legislator1 ,fa!r1 & ,sov]eign4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,lxii4 ,,! desc5dants ( ! patri>*s1 gr[n into a num]\s p1 71 !n1 oblig$ to und]go ! sev]e trial ( a long s]vitude 9 ,egypt1 f :i* !y c\ld expect no rescue o!rwise ?an by a rec\rse to ! ,god ( _! fa!rs4 ,if ! privations ( e>?ly enjoym5ts t5d$ to /r5g!n _! spirits & c\rage aga9/ adv]sity1 & to direct _! desires t[>ds gratifications ( a m elevat$ nature2 if ! repulsive conduct ( _! oppressors 7by "* ho/ile to all /rang]s1 & by sy/em con/itut$ 9 diff]5t ca/es1 ea* ( :i* jeal\s ( its own privileges7 fav\r$ 9 a great measure _! isolation1 & kept !m f a p]nici\s contact & association1 x 0 ! pray] :i* !y (f]$ up f ! bottom ( _! he>ts to ! ,supreme ,rul] ( _! de/9ies1 ^: cov5ant ) _! prog5itors !y rememb]$2 x 0 t pray] t ha/5$ ! t]m9ation ( s sev]e a discipl9e1 & drew ne> ! epo* ( _! glorification4 ,a fit in/rum5t only 0 want$1 ?r\gh :i* ! deliv]ance %\ld be effect$1 an organ to communicate to ! p ! ,div9e laws1 a m$ium = ! new solemn cov5ant :i* 0 to be proclaim$ betwe5 ,god & ,israel4 ,?is elect f among all mortals--^: noble "*1 respl5d5t ) all human virtues1 0 height5$ by ! true gr&eur ( an unexampl$ humility--0 ! holy legislator ,moses1 ! div9e man1 ! fai?ful exp\nd] ( ! w ( ,god1 ! fir/ l9k ( ! glori\s *a9 connect+ ! human family ) its ,mak]4 ,he 0 appo9t$ to deliv] miracul\sly ! ,israeliti% mass f ! yoke ( ,egypt1 & to lead x to ! skirts ( a m\nta91 :]e ! gr& act ( ! revelation 0 to be accompli%$4 ,,lxiii4 ,be=e imp>t+ t revelation1 ! ,div9e wisdom v\*saf$ to decl>e to ! p at l>ge1 9 brief b cle> words1 ! ultimate object int5d$ to be atta9$ by su* an in/itution1 & ! pr9cipal condition conducive to its realisation4 ,!re=e x 01 t ,god began 8 communications by say+ to ,israel1 ?r\gh ,moses1 ,i h br\ght y unto me a concise & sublime s5t5ce1 :i* compreh5ds 9 itself ! :ole sy/em ( reveal$ religion1 = ! recognition ( ! intimate relation :i* br+s ! rational creature ne> to its ,creator1 is ! true goal ( man's de/9ation4 ,he add$ t1 to facilitate ! atta9m5t ( t object1 ,he _h adopt$ ! means ( elect+ a small portion ( mank9d to be ,8 mission>ies 7al?\gh said ,he1 all ! e>? is m9e72 t ,he wi%$1 !re=e1 to =m ( !m a sac]dotal k+dom1 t is1 a class ( p]sons1 :o1 z prie/s ( ,god1 %\ld wat* ov]1 cons]ve1 & promote spiritual int]e/s ^u ! e>?2 & t 9 consequ5ce ( ! gravity ( su* a task1 ,he requir$ ( !m t !y %\ld become a holy p1 t is1 a p peculi>ly devot$ to self-sanctification--:i* sub/antially consi/s 9 imitat+1 9 z f> z human nature p]mits1 ! ,div9e p]fections1 or virtues4 ,,lxiv4 ,! awfully solemn act :i* succe$$ ?is prelim9>y manife/ation is ! mo/ port5t\s ev5t to be f\nd 9 ! annals ( ! _w4 ,two millions ( p]sons1 rang$ ar\nd ! skirts ( a m\nta91 witness a maje/ic sup]natural vision2 & amid ?und] & lightn+1 d5se vap\r & blaz+ fire1 ! :ole gr\nd trembl+ & ! m\nta9 e*o+1 a sonor\s voice f heav5 desc5ds on ! t]rifi$ e>s ( ! p1 & c>ries di/9ctly & unmi/akeably to humanity ! high message ( ,god4 ,by ! pomp & circum/ance :i* att5d$ ! glori\s sc5e ( ! fir/ revelation1 ,god 0 pleas$ to af=d an inconte/able evid5ce ( ! tru? & div9ity1 n only ( ! doctr9es :i* 7 !n & !re be+ reveal$1 b ( ^?1 also1 t 7 to foll[2 ! unimpea*able te/imony ( ! s5ses ( a va/ multitude1 br\ght to be> ^u ! fir/ & fundam5tal communication1 0 capable ( produc+ s full & la/+ a conviction 9 ! m9ds ( ! num]\s he>]s1 z to remove = ! future all d\bt z to ! div9e orig9 ( revelation4 ,?r\gh an imm$iate s5sible p]ception--:i* by its nature c>ries ! mo/ irrefragable c]ta9ty--,israel1 !n1 receiv$ f ,god ,himself ! fir/ dictates ( a religion1 ( :i* t p 0 to become ! pr(essor1 cons]vator1 & propagator1 9 p]petuity2 & equally conv9c$ ( ! true mission ( its lead]1 ,moses1 x naturally accept$ f ! latt] all subsequ5t in/ructions1 z laws emanat+ f ! same div9e s\rce4 ,,lxv4 ,! ^w ( ,god pron\nc$ 9 t memorable in/ant1 & kn[n s9ce "u ! "n ( ,decalogue1 or ,t5 ,comm&m5ts1 c\ld n1 h[ev]1 embrace ! :ole sum ( religi\s tru?s t 7 int5d$ to be reveal$1 because x w\ld h be5 humanly impossible to ! p to p]si/ 9 t extraord9>y /ate ( intimate spiritual or prophetic relation ) ! ,deity1 till ! end ( all ! revelation4 ,!re=e1 ! ,decalogue exhibits only "s fundam5tal po9ts1 :i*1 f _! importance1 des]v$ to be m prom95tly impress$2 x m>ks ! outl9es ( ! f\ndation ^u :i* ! edifice ( reveal$ religion 0 aft]w>ds to be rais$4 ,yet1 al?\gh ! promulgation ( ! entire div9e code 0 a "w res]v$ = ! bless$ legislator ,moses1 ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts pres5t1 nev]!less1 a comp5di\s b complete sy/em ( in/itutions1 ref]r+ to all ^? social & religi\s subjects1 :i* mo/ int]e/ mank9d4 ,9 fact1 ! ?ree relations ( man t[>ds 8 ,creator1 8 fell[-man1 & himself1 are trac$ 9 ! ,decalogue 9 a ma/]ly mann]1 classifi$ accord+ to _! ord]1 & elucidat$ by plac+ prom95tly =w>d "o culm9at+ po9t1 :i* s]ves to det]m9e _! true "*4 ,su* is ! wise economy ( all reveal$ laws1 t g5]ally avoid+ ab/ractions1 !y select z a /&>d "o special case ( ! mo/ int]e/+1 & leave x to ?y c>e ( ! human und]/&+ to g5]alize1 & d$uce f x univ]sal !ories4#b ,consequ5tly1 on analys+ ! t5 emanations ( ! ,div9e ,w1 we mu/ transf] m5tally ea* ( !m to ! class ( duties to :i* x belongs1 & consid] x z int5d$ to repres5t all t class4 ,note #b3 ,! au?or has already in=m$ u1 t he conf9es himself1 9 ?is book1 to ! enunciation ( pr9ciples1 & leaves to tea*]s ! task ( demon/rat+1 develop+1 & apply+ !m1 9 c\rse ( in/ruction4 ,nev]!less1 z ?is proposition recurs m ?an once 9 ^! pages1 & conta9s a v important pr9ciple1 x is p]haps desirable1 = ! g5]al read]1 to (f] "h an elucidation1 by ! foll[+ examples ( its application4 ,we are taught1 ,if ?\ meet ?9e enemy's ox or 8 ass go+ a/ray1 ?\ %alt surely br+ x back to him aga9 7,exod4 xxiii4 #d74 ,we are to und]/&1 t ! lesson !reby convey$1 is n conf9$ to ! p>ticul> case nam$1 b t we are comm&$ to ca/ (f selfi%ness1 & to ext5d our k9dness & *>ity ev5 to enemies1 actively ex]t+ ourselves = ! assi/ance & b5efit ( o!rs1 :5ev] opportunities (f] !mselves 9 our e-day life4 ,aga91 we are enjo9$1 ,?\ %alt n curse ! deaf1 nor put a /umbl+-block be=e ! bl9d 7,lev1 xix4 #ad74 ,we are cle>ly to conclude !refrom1 t any net ( trea*]y1 9 itself already dete/able 9 ! eyes ( ,god1 becomes d\bly s :5 direct$ aga9/ ! unconsci\s & ! helpless2 & a v wide range ( trea*]\s actions w\ld1 !re=e1 come )9 ! mean+ ( ?is prohibition4 ,! p>am\nt importance ( ?is h]m5eutical rule w be any apology = hav+ dilat$ on a po9t1 :i* mu/ be already well kn[n to biblical /ud5ts4--,! ,,translator4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,lxvi4 ,,! fir/ comm&m5t1 :i* reg>ds ! relations ( man ) ,god1 lays d[n t ! ackn[l$gm5t ( ! ,supreme ,be+ is ! basis ( all ! revelation1 & gives u to und]/& t su* a conviction !n began hi/orically to manife/ itself on e>?1 tak+ root fir/ 9 ! p ( ,israel1 :om !re=e ! ,deity addresses1 say+1 ,i am ! ,et]nal1 ?y ,god1 signify+1 by !e alone ackn[l$g$ hi!rto4 ,x also e/abli%es ! immutable et]nity ( ! absolute ,be+1 convey$ 9 ! etymology ( ! ineffable ,"n2 next1 8 indivisible unity1 indicat$ 9 ! ^w ,el1 :i* d5otes ! sum ( all ! p[]s1 & ! aggregation ( all ! attributes1 9 "o & ! same ess5ce4 ,! same text proce$s !n to ar\se ! feel+s ( gratitude1 :i* mu/ b9d especially ?is p to ! p[]ful h& t _h deliv]$ x f ignom9i\s s]vitude3 & ?is involves ! obligation 9 ! same p ( devot+ itself entirely to ,god1 & subord9at+ all its t5d5cies to religi\s feel+4 ,! la/ two words ( ?is text allude to "o ( ! great pr9ciples on :i* reveal$ religion re/s1 ! ,et]nal hav+ !reby proclaim$1 n only ! individual equality ( all ! ,israelites be=e ! law1 b also ! p]sonal lib]ty ( all m51 :i* pr9ciple1 be+ regulat$ accord+ to ! true idea ( "r1 becomes ! fundam5tal basis ( civil society4 ,,lxvii4 ,! wor%ip ( ! only ,god1 c\pl$ ) ! absolute rejection ( e =m ( idolatr\s & sup]/iti\s cre$1 =ms ! subject ( ! second comm&m5t1 :i* completes ! portion ( ! ,decalogue reg>d+ ! relations ( man t[>ds ! ,creator4 ,x sev]ely prohibits e k9d ( idolatry1 bo? t :i* sub/itutes = ! true ,god false & imag9>y be+s1 or ev5 be+s real b cont+5t & creat$1 & t :i* w\ld associate 9 ,8 wor%ip a v5]ation = o!rs1 "u ! title ( m$iators or protectors2 x !n int]dicts ! mak+ ( any image :atsoev]1 :5 int5d$ to repres5t ! inf9ite & incorporeal ,be+1 & bids u nei!r to pay to any su* simulacra a religi\s respect or v5]ation1 :i* is due to ! true ,god alone1 nor to practise su* conv5tional acts1 z1 h[ev] insignificant 9 !mselves1 are yet held by idolat]s z modes ( wor%ip4 ,la/ly1 ?is comm&m5t conveys ! obligation to diss5t f1 & reject1 e sup]/ition & e error1 requir+ u to pres]ve pure & intem]ate ! adoration due to ! ,supreme ,be+1 :o1 9 ?is s5se1 is repres5t$ 9 ?is text z jeal\sly wat*+ ov] human actions1 & a n indiff]5t spectator ( good or evil2 !re=e a sure puni%] ( ! guilty1 & an et]nal remun]ator ( him :o fai?fully adh]es to ,8 law4 ,,lxviii4 ,z a transition f ! duties t[>ds ,god to ^? t[>ds our fell[-m51 ! two succe$+ precepts are opportunely plac$1 "o ( :i* conc]ns ! act ( invok+ ! ,div9ity betwe5 m51 & ! o!r ! mode ( elevat+ m5 t[>ds ! ,div9ity4 ,9 ! multif>i\s cont5tions aris+ 9 social life1 x sometimes occurs to h rec\rse to ,god1 to convalidate an ass]tion1 or to te/ a tru?4 ,n[1 9 ! act ( atte/ation call$ oa?1 ! ?ird comm&m5t prohibits ) ! greate/ rig\r any?+ t might (f5d ! sanctity ( ! ineffable "n ( ,god1 :i* is invok$ by ! depon5t 9 atte/ation ( ! tru? ( 8 words4 ,consequ5tly ! text decl>es1 t if su* a solemn invocation 7 made to confirm a ?+1 :i* is n :olly con=mable to ! intimate conviction & mo/ scrupul\s consci5ce ( ! swe>]1 ! consequ5ces w\ld be a pr(anation ( ! "n ( ,god1 & a sc&al\s immorality1 to ! detrim5t ( society at l>ge2 = ?is c\ld n subsi/ )\t an upright adm9i/ration ( ju/ice2 & ! latt] w\ld be upset & trampl$ ^u by p]jury4 ,9 ord] to %ew m prom95tly ! gravity ( ?is matt]1 & to protect society1 an av5g+ ,god prote/s t ,he w\ld nev] leave unpuni%$ :omsoev] %\ld r5d] himself guilty ( ! mon/r\s crime ( p]jury4 ,,lxix4 ,f ! mom5t :5 ! "w ( creation 0 complet$1 ! ,div9e wisdom orda9$ t an intimate relation %\ld subsi/ betwe5 man & 8 ,creator1 & call$ t day holy & bless$ on :i* s m]ciful an in/itution 0 inaugurat$ & began to come into op]ation4 ,?is relation1 :i*1 z we h already /at$1 =ms ! basis ( reveal$ religion1 t5d$ to emancipate man f ! sph]e ( mat]iality1 & to r5d] him consci\s ( 8 high] de/9ation1 & capable ( accompli%+ x4 ,x 01 !re=e1 natural t ! p call$ ^u to give ! religi\s pr9ciple a durable consi/5cy on e>?1 %\ld keep a p]petual commemoration ( t day :i* repres5t$ ! bond subsi/+ betwe5 ! ,div9ity & humanity2 x 0 prop] t ! day %\ld n only & simply be rememb]$1 b t x %\ld1 also1 h "s feature ex]cis+ a pr$om9at+ influ5ce ov] mat]ial life1 by mak+ ?is subord9ate to ! spiritual requirem5ts4 ,! f\r? ^w ( ! ,decalogue prescribes1 !n1 t ! ,israelite %\ld = ev] rememb] ! holy day ( sabba?1 z a repres5tative ( religion1 & %\ld1 dur+ t day1 ab/a91 & cause all 8 dep5dants to ab/a91 f all manual lab\r & e>?ly occupation1 t might di/ract him f ! contemplation ( heav5ly subjects1 :i* %\ld exclusively occupy 8 m9d on t day4 ,,lxx4 ,among all man's duties t[>ds 8 fell[-m51 ^? ( *ildr5 t[>ds _! p>5ts are assur$ly ! highe/ 9 degree1 because )\t !m ! bonds :i* hold society toge!r w\ld be de/roy$4 ,^! duties =m ! subject ( ! fif? comm&m5t4 ,to def9e _! "* 9 a s+le trait1 a pr(\nd wisdom has select$ ! ^w hon\r1 !reby po9t+ to a respect :i* arises1 n f fe> & t]ror1 b f gratitude1 love & submission4 ,additional importance is giv5 to ?is precept by ! consid]ation1 t ! reveal$ religion c\ld n h be5 pres]v$ & made kn[n to ! late/ po/]ity b by ! in/rum5tality ( an un9t]rupt$ tradition f g5]ation to g5]ation2 & ! fai? to be plac$ 9 su* a tradition dep5d$1 to a great ext5t1 on ! respect 9 :i* p>5ts w\ld be held4 ,! rew>d promis$ to him :o obs]ves ?is comm&m5t1 is 9 p]fect & natural h>mony ) ! obs]vance itself2 man's life w be prolong$ & bless$ by hon\r+ ! au?ors ( x4 ,,lxxi4 ,! ?ree conditions mo/ prom95t 9 human society1 viz41 life1 matrimony1 & prop]ty1 are ref]r$ to 9 ! subsequ5t words1 :i* =m ! six?1 sev5? & eigh? precepts ( ! ,decalogue4 ,to conc5trate 9 "o ^w all t is to be obs]v$ reg>d+ ^! ess5tial elem5ts ( a social /ate1 ! sacr$ text conf9es itself to proclaim+1 9 an absolute mode1 _! inviolability1 !re=e adopt+ ! negative or prohibitive =m4 ,x is desir$ to prev5t & =bid e arbitr>y act1 & e unju/ attempt1 direct$ to deprive ! legitimate possessor (1 or to re/rict & 9 any o!r way to di/urb him 91 ! full1 free1 & exclusive enjoym5t ( 8 own4 ,to respect ! life1 ! conjugal b$1 & ! prop]ty ( o!rs1 is to consolidate ! bonds ( society1 to pay homage to ! et]nal pr9ciples ( ju/ice1 ^u ! practice ( :i* ,god will$ t ! pres]vation & prosp]ity ( mank9d %\ld dep5d4 ,,lxxii4 ,9 ord] t our conduct t[>ds our neighb\rs be /rictly 9 accordance ) ju/ice1 x is necess>y1 g5]ally1 t x %\ld be bas$ ^u an hone/ & /raight=w>d "* ( v]acity1 & t our outw>d demon/rations1 9 de$s & 9 words1 %\ld n be at v>iance ) our inw>d convictions1 respect+ ! m]its or dem]its ( our fell[-m54 ,falsehood1 detraction1 calumny1 & o!r simil> vices1 injuri\s to ! peace & reputation ( o!rs1 z well z simulat$ fri5d%ip1 & hypocrisy1 may all be compreh5d$ )9 ! d5om9ation ( p]fidy2 & z an extreme & mo/ di/9ct manife/ation ( p]fidi\sness is to be f\nd 9 false te/imony1 h5ce ! n9? comm&m5t is address$ to ?is vice1 & =bids ! witness+ aga9/ our fell[-m5 any?+ t is n entirely & /rictly con=mable to ! tru?4 ,x is easy & natural = u to /ep f ?is special prohibition to ! _s :i* dictat$ x1 & to conclude t ! precept is g5]ally direct$ to remove f society all p]fidy & wrong1 z contr>y to tru? & ju/ice4 ,,lxxiii4 ,a c]ta9 involunt>y or in/9ctive desire ( t :i* is pleas+1 is 9 human nature itself2 b ?is vague & voluble feel+ may1 by delib]ate reflection1 conv]t itself into an act ( free-w1 &1 ev5tually increas+ 9 /r5g?1 become a vehem5t affection1 an uncontrollable passion4 ,n[1 s long z t feel+ does n pass into an act ( appropriat+ ! ?+ desir$1 human law _c deal ) x2 b ,div9e law1 :i* has = its object ! int]nal p]fection ( man1 /eps 9 to regulate ! movem5ts ( ! he>t1 :5 !y are accompani$ by a delib]ate w ( possess+4 ,!re=e1 ! t5? & la/ comm&m5t ( ! ,decalogue1 :i* ref]s to man's duties t[>ds himself1 aims at ! human w1 & prescribes limits1 )9 :i* ! desires1 t5d+ to procure possession1 %\ld be conf9$1 =bidd+ specially to covet t :i* belongs to o!rs4 ,x is n !reby int5d$ to absolutely prev5t ! =mation ( a natural wi%1 b x is direct$ to conf9e x )9 j limits1 t x may n exp& & be trans=m$ into a usurpation4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,lxxiv4 ,,! succe$+ revelations1 :i* 7 made to ! bless$ legislator ,moses1 & by him collect$ into a body ( /atutes & rules1 kn[n "u ! title ( ,p5tateu*1 be> ! same relation to ! ,decalogue z t ( a f9i%$ edifice to ! fir/ outl9e :i* trac$ its limits & comp>tm5ts--!y are ! elaboration ( x1 !y bran* into ! same triple classification ( duties :i* we h rem>k$ 9 x1 & pres5t its developm5t & completion4 ,:at 9 ! ,decalogue appe>$1 z 9 nucleus1 "u ! =m ( duties ( man t[>ds ,god1 t[>ds 8 fell[-man1 & t[>ds himself1 is develop$ by ^? laws into detail$ in/ructions1 ?r\gh :i* ! p ( ,israel 0 to le>n ! k ( ,god1 to practise ju/ice & *>ity1 & to effect its own sanctification2 ?ree c>d9al po9ts1 correspond+ to ! ?ree classes ( duties above m5tion$1 :i* embrace ! :ole sum & sub/ance ( reveal$ religion4 ,we %all n1 !re=e1 proce$ to enum]ate "h1 "o by "o1 ^? multif>i\s laws1--a great "p ( :i*1 be+ cont+5t on ! exi/5ce ( ! temple & ! possession ( ,pale/9e1 h n[ no practical application1--b we %all only treat ( ! ?ree pr9ciples :i* =m ! bases ( !m all1 viz41 ,god1 ,ju/ice1 & ,sanctification1 leav+ to ! intellig5ce ( ^? :o s$ul\sly inve/igate ! s+le precepts1 ! easy task ( trac+ !m to "o or o!r ( ! said ?ree categories4 ,,lxxv4 ,to ! elucidation ( ^! ?ree pr9ciples we mu/1 h[ev]1 premise two obs]vations4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is to be rem>k$1 on ! "o h&1 t al?\gh ! human intellect c by itself 7provid$ x be n ov]rul$ by ! sway ( s5sual appetites7 recognise summ>ily ! excell5ce ( su* pr9ciples1 & give !m unres]v$ly its sanction1 yet its p]ceptions ) respect to _! specialities rema9 v imp]fect1 = sev]al reasons3 fir/1 because x f9ds itself unable to rebut & conqu] "o by "o all ! objections :i* ! infidel may br+ =w>d2 secondly1 9 consequ5ce ( ! d\bts :i* its own limit$ p[]s sometimes sugge/1 impair+ its own s5se ( ! tru?2 & la/ly1 because want+ ! k ( _m details & circum/ances1 ab\t :i* x c =m no judgm5t1 ! intellect _c con/ruct a complete rationali/ic sy/em ( moral !ology4 ,:]eas1 on ! o!r h&1 emanat+ z !y d f ! inf9ite wisdom & m]cy ( ,god1 =mulat$ 9 ! %ape ( positive precepts1 & corroborat$ by ! port5t\s mann] ( _! promulgation1 ^? pr9ciples acquire an undisput$ au?ority1 remove e d\bt1 illum9e ! m9d ) unexpect$ sublime tru?s1 satisfy ! he>t :i* f9ds !m cons5tane\s ) its own feel+s1 & are ?us m apt to accompli% ! objects t[>ds :i* !y are direct$4 ,& if !re be among !m "s precept1 ( :i* we d n 9 our pres5t "t cle>ly p]ceive ! true t5d5cy1 we accept x1 nev]!less1 ) t filial confid5ce inspir$ by its div9e orig92 &1 by analogy1 we consid] x z calculat$ to contribute to ! promotion ( our own weal4 ,,lxxvi4 ,9 ! second place1 x is necess>y to di/+ui%1 9 ! aggregate ( ?is revelation1 ! univ]sal !ories applicable to1 & conc]n+ all mank9d1 f ! special prescriptions obligatory only on ^? to :om !y 7 address$4 ,g5]ally1 all ! *ildr5 ( ,adam are b\nd to "k ,god1 to practise ju/ice1 & to procure _! own sanctification2 su* duties are inh]5t 9 human nature itself1 !y correspond exactly to ! de/9ation ( man1 & none c exempt himself f !m1 )\t rebell+ aga9/ nature & ! sov]eign ,au?or ( x4 ,consequ5tly1 ! doctr9es conta9$ 9 ! reveal$ law1 9 reg>d to ^! ?ree po9ts1 apply to all rational be+s1 & ev]ybody is call$ ^u to p>ticipate 91 & pr(it by1 !m2 !y are ! inh]itance ( all mank9d4 ,b x 0 obvi\s t ^?1 :o 7 9 ! fir/ in/ance select$ to receive ^? dogmas1 & to become _! jeal\s cons]vators & p]petual propagators1 %\ld h "s di/9ctive & peculi> devices1 & be *>g$ ) obs]vances1 qualify+ !m = adepts to ! m9i/ry ( su* a sublime mission4 ,h5ce x is1 t among ! precepts ( univ]sal appurt5ance !re are sev]al :i* ,israel alone is b\nd to obs]ve1 & ^! consi/ p>tly ( ext]nal acts to be p]=m$1 ei!r at c]ta9 /at$ times1 or at all times1 p>tly ( p>ticul> =ms & rules to be foll[$1 ei!r 9 ref]5ce to "o's self or to o!rs1 & to "s ext]nal objects ( animate or inanimate nature1 & p>tly1 9 f9e1 !y prescribe ab/95ce f c]ta9 ?+s :i* to all o!rs are left p]missive4 ,x w be easy to e att5tive /ud5t to disc]n & po9t out ! prescriptions ( ?is class1 z _! v nature is suffici5t to *>act]ise !m2 we %all h1 h[ev]1 occasion to m5tion !m1 aft] we %all h endeav\r$ to place 9 a cle> light ! ?ree pr9cipal articles ( ! revelation4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,lxxvii4 ,,imm5se ef=ts h be5 made by human reason to elevate itself to ! conception ( ! ,deity1 to demon/rate ,8 exi/5ce1 & to d$uce ) solid argum5ts ,8 pr9cipal attributes4 ,yet1 ev5 t quantum :i* human reason believes to h succe$$ 9 e/abli%+ on ?is exalt$ subject1 has always _h to enc\nt] 9 ! fields ( pr\d philosophy t5aci\s1 or r p]t9aci\s1 adv]s>ies4 ,:]eas revelation1 extricat+ man f ! labyr9? ( transc5d5tal ab/rusities1 pres5ts him at once ) a well con/ruct$ sy/em ( !ological sci5ce1 :i* he has only to receive )9 8 bosom1 to lead a happy life on e>?1 & atta9 8 true goal beyond ! grave4 ,! ,div9e ^w in=ms u ( ,god1 z a pure _s1 et]nal & immutable1 incorporeal1 absolute 7t is1 n dep5d5t ^u causes )\t ,himself71 omnisci5t1 omnipres5t1 omnipot5t1 all-p]fect & !re=e all-holy 7t is1 possess+ all ! attributes 9 ! highe/ degree ( p]fection72 "o1 because admitt+ n 9 ,himself di/9ctions ( multiplicity1 & sole1 because beside him !re is no ,god2 ,creator ( ! univ]se f n\ght1 !re=e di/9ct f all ?+s creat$ 7:i* we w\ld call1 if all[$ ! expression1 extramundane72 ,creator ( man 9 ,8 image1 hav+ end[$ him ) intellig5ce1 lib]ty1 & an immortal s\l2 provid5t & imm$iate#c to man1 wat*+ ov] 8 actions1 puni%+ faults & rew>d+ m]its1 & p>don+ him :o truly rep5ts ( evil committ$2 ,he is a p]petual s\rce ( ! pure/ love1 h5ce a m]ciful fa!r to all ,8 creatures1 unto :om ,he cont9ually p\rs =? treasures ( ,8 k9dness2 ,he /r5g!ns ! weak1 com=ts ! afflict$1 enlight5s ! ignorant1 protects ! oppress$1 & grants ! pray] ( ^? :o tru/ 9 ,him2 ,he gov]ns human ev5ts accord+ to ,8 w1 n[ caus+ human ent]prises to succe$1 anon to fail2 always direct+ !m to ! ends contemplat$ by ,8 inf9ite wisdom1 = ,he is ! all-wise1 j1 & fai?ful1 ^: promises are infallibly accompli%$1 & ^: ^w subsi/s to et]nity4 ,he sometimes susp5ds ! ord] ( nature1 & works miracles1 :5ev] ,he deems x suitable to ,8 high designs4 ,he e/abli%$ a cov5ant ) ! ,abrahamitic race1 & reveal$ to x ,8 holy law1 by ?is means to illum9ate & bless all mank9d4 ,note #c3 ,?is expression is "h us$ to indicate ! direct & special relation ( ,god ) man1 & ! direct gov]nm5t ( mank9d by ,god1 )\t int]m$iate ag5cies1 9 contradi/9ction to ! o!r t]re/rial creatures1 ^: relation ) ! ,creator is only g5]al1 & :i* are gov]n$ ?r\gh ! m$ium ( pre-e/abli%$ physical laws4--,,! ,,translator4 ,,lxxviii4 ,al?\gh ^! notions d n complete ! idea ( ! ,div9ity1 mu* less c !y claim to def9e ,8 ess5ce--= to ! v limit$ faculties ( ! human m9d ?is w always rema9 inconceivable--yet !y are suffici5t to af=d su* an in/ruction on div9e subjects z to satisfy ! wants ( humanity4 ,) ! guidance ( ! elem5ts (f]$1 & by a consci5ti\s m$itation on ^? ,div9e attributes1 man w be able to dispel ! sup]/iti\s notions & ! errors into :i* !y h fall51 :o h n consult$ ! ,div9e ^w on su* a subject2 he w be able to sket* 9 8 own m9d an idea1 h[ev] incomplete1 ( ! sublime object ( 8 adoration1 & ?us pres]ve himself f mu* t is evil4 ,hav+ be5 de/9$ to live 9 society1 & compell$ to "w 9 ord] to supply ! multif>i\s wants ( 8 body2 always m or less /ruggl+ ) ! int]e/s ( 8 fell[ m5 to secure a possession (t5 disput$ to him by malice1 or viol5ce2 & evil example & ignorance & ! s5sual appetites be+ concurr5tly at "w--man became naturally1 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 too easy a prey to passions1 vice & error2 he 0 ov]p[]$ by mat]ialism1 & fell into s94 ,!re=e1 ! idea reveal$ to him ( a holy ,god1 :o wat*es ov] 8 de/9ies1 :o puni%es ! guilty1 rew>ds ! virtu\s1 & p>dons ! p5it5t1 is ! be/ balsam t c\ld be adm9i/]$1 ! be/ tru? t c\ld be taught to him2 x saves him f error1 removes him f s91 invites him to direct 8 view to heav51 re/ores him )9 ! ,div9e grace1 & op5s to him ! prospect ( an int]m9able beatitude4 ,,lxxix4 ,among ^? attributes1 h[ev]1 "o becomes prom95t1 f its importance2 x is t :i* e/abli%es an imm$iate relation1 or communion1 z subsi/+ betwe5 ! ,creator & ! rational creature2 a fundam5tal po9t on :i* ! :ole religion h+es4 ,! intimacy ( su* a relation manife/$ itself at ! v beg9n+ ( ! _w by ,god hav+ creat$ man 9 ,8 image1 by :i* expression x is meant1 t ! ,div9e ,mak] be/[$ "s "p ( ,8 p]fections on ! noble/ creature on e>?1 end[+ x ) intellig5ce1 free-w1 & immortality2 ^! high pr]ogatives conf]r$ ^u man1 to a c]ta9 degree1 a similitude ) 8 ,mak]1 & f ?is similitude 0 naturally to foll[ a clos] relation ( mutual love1 ?an exi/s betwe5 ,god & ! o!r creat$ ?+s4 ,su* a relation assum$ a m def9ite =m :5 ,god took man "u ,8 special gu>dian%ip1 :il/ ,he left ! gov]nm5t ( inanimate nature to physical laws1 unalt]able & compulsory1 :i* ,he _h e/abli%$ 9 ! fir/ in/ant ( creation4 ,! /up5d\s connection 0 la/ly complet$1 by ,god hav+ communicat$ ,8 w to m51 & trac$ out to !m ! c\rse !y _h to foll[1 9 ord] to r5d] !mselves wor?y ( ! great boon1 & to atta9 ! end de/9$ = !m4 ,f all ^! circum/ances x became evid5t t ,god is imm$iate to man4 ,,lxxx4 ,z1 9 g5]al1 all ! revelation1 has = its object to b5efit humanity1 s1 9 p>ticul>1 :5 ! div9e ^w is direct$ to imp>t to u ! k ( ,god1 x int5ds to tea* u ! duties we are call$ ^u to fulfil t[>ds ! ,au?or ( our exi/5ce2 duties :i* we c\ld n well dis*>ge if we 7 want+ 9 t k4 ,n[1 ! fir/ ( ^! duties is to love ,god4 ,su* a noble feel+1 :i*1 z we h already /at$1 d]ives its orig9 f a relation ( similitude betwe5 him :o loves & ! object belov$1 _c be k9dl$ 9 u by effect ( a m]e comm&1 z ! motions ( ! he>t are n produc$ by au?ority4 ,!re=e1 :ile holy writ inculcates ! love ( ,god1 x at ! same "t indicates to u ! means :]eby ?is sublime love w be promot$2 & ! means is to walk 9 ! ways ( ! ,et]nal4 ,to und]/& ! connection betwe5 ! means & ! end1 we mu/ consid] ! diff]5t degrees ( :i* love is susceptible1 & motives by :i* x is actuat$4 ,he :o loves ,god because ( great fav\rs receiv$1 is apt to feel a dim9ution ( atta*m5t1 or ev5 indiff]5ce1 on be+ ov]tak5 by mis=tune4 ,he :o loves ,him ) a view to b5efits 9 a future life1 is also 9 dang] ( ceas+ to love1 if "s d\bts 7 to arise 9 8 m9d & to weak5 8 hopes4 ,b :5 man loves ,god because he und]/&s1 & admires1 & adores 9 ,him ! aggregate ( all p]fections1 & feels )9 himself ! flame ( a desire to approa* ! ,div9e ,maje/y1 !n 8 love is an inext+ui%able love1 = he abnegates 8 own self1 & c5tres 8 motives exclusively 9 ! object belov$4 ,?is k9d ( love1 h[ev]1 presupposes a uni=mity ( t5d5cies1 :i* causes ! "o :o loves to e/eem & to endeav\r to appropriate ! qualities admir$ by him2 & 9 ?is precisely consi/s ! resemblance1 :i* produces ! true love4 ,ju/ice1 fai?fulness1 righte\sness1 m]cy1 & _m o!r ,div9e attributes1 :i* 9 ! biblical language are call$ ! ways ( ! ,et]nal1 _c be fully & wor?ily appreciat$1 except by him :o uses all 8 endeav\rs to adorn himself ) su* virtues1 z f> z 8 limit$ nature all[s4 ,& n[ we c und]/&1 :y he _c truly love :o walks n 9 ,8 ways4 ,,lxxxi4 ,ano!r pr9cipal duty1 issu+ f ! same revelation1 is t :i* is commonly call$ fe> ( ,god1 an expression v frequ5t 9 ! sacr$ text1 b :i* requires to be expla9$4 ,! ,hebrew ^w us$ is susceptible ( two diff]5t int]pretations4 ,x might apply to ! fe> ( retribution1 sugge/$ by ! reflection t an all-p[]ful ,god w n leave unpuni%$ ! transgressors ( 8 comm&s2 or ! same ^w might signify ! s5se ( rev]5ce & unb\nd$ v5]ation1 ) :i* ! frail creature mu/ feel almo/ ov]:elm$ :5 ?9k+ ( its exalt$ ,creator1 :o kn[s all1 sees all1 & gov]ns all4 ,! =m] orig9ates 9 ! intellect1 ! latt] 9 ! he>t4 ,x is obvi\s t ! fe> ( puni%m5t is n a suffici5t re/ra9t to det] man1 at all times1 f s92 = 9 ! ebullition ( impetu\s passions1 ! intellect becomes (fuscat$ & imp$$ 9 ! ex]cise ( its functions1 or frequ5tly is itself press$ into ! s]vice ( ! pr$om9at+ passion4 ,n s ! awe & rev]5ce inspir$ by ! maje/y ( ! ,supreme ,k+ ( ! univ]se4 ,x p]vades all ! he>t1 disposes x to feel+s ( submission & ob$i5ce1 conv9ces x t man is at all times 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 ,mak]1 & ?us prev5ts inord9ate mat]ial appetites f bur/+ =? & ris+ =cibly to uncontrollable prepond]ance4 ,h5ce x is t ! fe> ( ,god1 tak5 9 ! latt] s5se1 is a p[]ful prop :i* supports ! religi\s edifice1 is ! mo/ effectual & valuable lesson we d]ive f ! revelation ( ! ,div9e attributes4 ,,lxxxii4 ,f ^! two pr9cipal duties1 spr+1 z coroll>ies1 o!rs ( no less importance1 :i* come1 also1 )9 ! sph]e ( ! fir/ c>d9al po9t ( biblical revelation1 ! k ( ,god4 ,he1 :o truly loves & fe>s ,god1 w surely feel ! necessity ( plac+ 9 ,him exclusively all 8 tru/1 = he is conv9c$ t !re is no be+ 9 nature1 besides ,god1 t c (f] an infallible support to human hopes4 ,he w f9d 9 8 he>t an almo/ irrepressible impulse to praise ! ,div9e p]fections1 to extol ,8 glory1 to (f] s9c]e homage to ! ,sov]eign ( ! univ]se1 to wor%ip & s]ve ,him ) purity ( he>t1 to ?ank ,him = fav\rs receiv$1 to supplicate ,him = help1 to confess to ,him s9s committ$1 & to ask ,8 p>don ) contrite _s4 ,all ^! & o!r l acts ( filial dep5d5ce & piety1 f9d _! expression 9 t elevat$ =m ( ext]nal wor%ip call$ pray]1 :i*1 :e!r ex]cis$ publicly 9 appropriate & consecrat$ temples1 or recit$ 9 ! solitude ( ! dome/ic closet1#d :e!r /rictly foll[+ an e/abli%$ =mul>y1 or p\r+ out ! impulsive feel+s ( ! he>t1 is always an urg5t want & an indisp5sable duty ( e religi\s man4 ,la/ly1 ! true love & fe> ( ,god imply ! obligation ( avoid+1 9 all t p]ta9s to ,div9e wor%ip1 ev]y?+ t might h ! appe>ance ( idolatry1 ( intrusion ( int]m$iate p[]s1 or ( any sup]/ition :atev]2 above all cle>ly em]ges ! duty ( n abus+ ! holy "n ( ,god1 ei!r by utt]+ x on trivial occasions--:i* w\ld t5d to dim9i% ! rev]5ce due to ,him--or by pr(an+ x ) an invocation to a false te/imony1 :]eby ! dete/able crime ( p]jury w\ld be consummat$4 ,note #d3 ,public1 z comp>$ ) private wor%ip1 has ! und\bt$ advantage ( be+ 9 itself a public homage to ! omnipot5ce ( ,god1 & a solemn te/imony ( ! dep5d5ce ( man on ,him4 ,true1 solit>y wor%ip is (t5 m likely to be att5d$ ) ! requisite m5tal ab/raction f all worldly objects1 & intellectual elevation ( ! s\l t[>ds its ,div9e ,s\rce--a condition ( m9d indisp5sable to e/abli% a true spiritual communion 9 ,pray]1 & )\t :i* all our orisons & ritual c]emonies w\ld be b me*anical & mean+less p]=mances1 a body )\t s\l4 ,x is ?is condition ( ! m9d t1 9 ,talmudical /yle1 is call$ ,hebrew3 het-nun-vav-kaf1 z is well kn[n1 & t lat] ascetic writ]s t]m$ ,hebrew3 tav-vav-dalet-dalet-vav-bet-het-he1 f ! circum/ance t x is sup]9duc$ by solit>y m$itation4 ,b :5ev] ?is condition is atta9$ 9 a public s]vice1 !n inde$ is t s]vice div9e1 & humanity is exalt$ 9 its approa* to ! ,?rone ( ,m]cy4--,,! ,,translator4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,lxxxiii4 ,,on det]m9+ ! duties ( ! individual t[>ds 8 fell[-m51 & t[>ds all t surr\nds him 9 nature1 revelation did n ?9k x prop] to ref] ! motives to human intellig5ce1 & to all[ ! bases ( ju/ice & b5evol5ce to re/ on human reason alone2 b x said1 ,d :at is "r & j & good 9 ! eyes ( ! ,et]nal ?y ,god2 & refra9 f all t is n su*1 because x pleases n ?y ,god1 :]eby x wi%$ to proclaim t ! notions ( j & unju/1 ( good & evil1 ( rights & duties1 %\ld be consid]$ z emanat+ f1 & prescrib$ by1 ! ,div9e wisdom1 & !re=e obligatory only because agreeable to ! ,div9e w4 ,9 ?is also ! reveal$ ^w purpos$ to come to ! assi/ance ( human frailty1 & to r5d] sup]flu\s ! ab/rusities--z arbitr>y z unc]ta9 & controv]tible--ab\t :i* em95t philosoph]s tortur$ _! bra9s1 = _m c5turies1 to fix1 z !y ?\ght1 ! pr9ciples ( ! s-call$ ,jure 9 its innum]able ramifications ( natural & positive1 public & private1 civil & crim9al1 comm]cial1 m>itime1 canonical1 feudal1 ( police1 ( f9ance1 ( w>1 & :at n1 )\t ev] yet arriv+ at a complete accord 9 _! specialities2 :]eas all "r obta9s a solid & effective sanction :5 its orig9 is ref]r$ to ,god1 :o compreh5d+ 9 ,himself ! sum total ( "r1 ju/ice & moral good1 & hav+ commun$ ) man to enjo9 to him _! ex]cise1 will$ t ! c>ry+ out ( _! dictates %\ld be consid]$ z an act ( religion1 ( s]vice r5d]$ to ,him1 & t violat+ ! "o or fail+ 9 ! o!r1 %\ld be alike reg>d$ z an (f5ce committ$ t[>ds ,him1 :i* ,he w puni% sev]ely4 ,god1 !n1 is ! s\rce ( "r2 ,he made man acqua9t$ ) x ?r\gh ,8 law1 & committ$ to him its p]=mance on e>? aft] rules prescrib$ by ,8 w4 ,,lxxxiv4 ,9 promulgat+ ! duties ( man t[>ds 8 fell[-m51 ! holy scripture assum$ sometimes ! negative =m1 to =bid all t :i* may cause injury to o!rs2 & sometimes ! positive =m1 enjo9+ ! practice to be foll[$ t[>ds all4 ,to ! fir/ class belong ! foll[+ prohibitions1 viz41 ( n\ri%+ hatr$1 ranc\r1 rev5ge2 ( calumniat+1 or 9 any way :atev] damag+ ! reputations ( o!rs2 ( assail+ _! hon\r or good fame2 ( re/ra9+ or ob/ruct+ o!rs 9 ! ex]cise ( _! rights1 or 9 ! use & enjoym5t ( _! prop]ties2 ( practis+ deceptions1 impositions1 frauds1 & all =ms ( ins9c]ity1 usury1 extortions1 & viol5ce2 ( lay+ ob/ructions 9 ! way ( ! weak or helpless2 ( giv+ false te/imony2 ( speak+ untru?2 ( report+ ev5 tru?1 :5 x may lead to discord & /rife2 ( occasion+ dang]2 ( (f5d+ dec5cy & good mann]s2 ( caus+ sc&al2 ( )hold+ wages or remun]ation due2 ( keep+ 9 pl$ge ! clo?+ or implem5ts ( ! poor2 ( us+ two weights & measures2 ( associat+ ) ! wick$2 ( break+ a pl$ge-^w2 ( violat+ or assail+ ! conjugal happ9ess ( o!rs2 ( covet+ any?+ t belongs to o!rs2 & o!r simil> prohibitions record$ 9 ! sacr$ code1 :i* c be easily collect$ z p]ta9+ to ?is class4 ,moreov]1 x w n be unreasonable to complete ?is li/ by ! addition ( a few m p>ticul> actions1 :i*1 ?\gh n specifically m5tion$1 mu/ yet be und]/ood to be =bidd52 =1 z x is a con/ant rule 9 biblical exegesis to d$uce g5]al !ories f s+le laws :i* appe> to ref] to p>ticul> cases1 s mu/1 by analogy1 be compris$ 9 an enunciat$ =bidd5 action all o!rs ( a simil> nature1 "*1 & t5d5cy1 z be+ und]/ood 9 ! =m]4 ,,lxxxv4 ,! positive precepts conc]n+ a man's conduct t[>ds 8 fell[-m51 are naturally enunciat$ 9 directions ( a t5d5cy precisely opposite to ^? express$ negatively2 t is to say1 x is enjo9$ to practise ! rev]se ( :at has be5 =bidd54 ,n[1 to beg9 ) ! m g5]al prescriptions2 x is enjo9$1 9 ! fir/ place1 to love "o's fell[-m5 z "o's own-self1 all mank9d1 )\t any exception1 be+ compris$ 9 ?is expression1 z we meet aga9 ! same injunction ) reg>d to ! /rang]1 :om we are comm&$ to love z ourselves2 & ,scripture expla9$ already :at is to be und]/ood by ! ^w /rang]1 :5 x said3 ,?\ also ha/ be5 a /rang] 9 ! l& ( ,egypt2 f :i* x is evid5t t ! love inculcat$ ext5ds ev5 to adv]s>ies & enemies4 ,x is next comm&$ to respect 9 e individual ! dignity ( man1 creat$ 9 ! image ( ,god1 :i* e/abli%es ! inviolability ( p]son1 & ! equality ( all be=e ! law1 s t !re %\ld be no privileg$ ca/e1 no h]$it>y preem95ce2 desir+1 on ! contr>y1 t "u ! protection ( ! same law & same "r %\ld dwell ! native & ! =eign]4 ,! p]sonal lib]ty ( e memb] ( ! human family is also proclaim$1 z x is ) t int5tion t ! ,decalogue has put prom95tly =w>d ! circum/ance ( ,israel hav+ be5 deliv]$ f s]vitude2 & if1 on ! "o h&1 ! condition ( ! times1 :i* _h r5d]$ ! use ( slav]y natural & univ]sal1 did n !n admit ( its sudd5 & imm$iate extirpation2 on ! o!r1 ,scripture design$ to mitigate its ac]bity by provid5t & humane laws1 s z to make obvi\s ! t5d5cy to its future total1 ?\gh gradual1 ext9ction4 ,to prev5t paup]ism1 z well z to cure its evils1 ! ri* 7 enjo9$ to l5d money to ^? :o ne$$ x2 & ! law1 />t+ f ! presumption t ! poor man w\ld n1 or at lea/ %\ld n1 desire to borr[ & incur a debt1 unless be+ depriv$ ( ! necess>ies ( life1 ord]$ t su* a loan to ! de/itute bro!r be gratuit\s1 :il/ 9 comm]cial transactions ) =eign p x p]mitt$ ! *>ge ( "s reasonable int]e/ on loans ( money1 z an equival5t = ! s]vice r5d]$4 ,,lxxxvi4 ,! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice be+1 accord+ to ! reveal$ pr9ciples1 a div9e (fice1 0 naturally to be confid$ to p]sons c>efully select$ = _! intellig5ce1 probity1 incorruptibility1 & sup]iority to e human reg>d2 ^! are !re=e inve/$ ) a judicial repres5tation ( ! ,div9ity on e>?1 & are enjo9$ to proce$ accord+ to ! rules ( ! /ricte/ ju/ice1 )\t ev] def]r+ ei!r to ! pitiable condition ( ! poor1 or to ! influ5ce ( ! p[]ful4 ,z a coroll>y to ?is sy/em1 e p]son is b\nd to appeal to ^! au?orities 9 any em]g5cy1 & to refra9 f tak+ ! law into 8 own h&s2 ev5 = ! correction ( ! disord]s ( "o's own *ild1 ! law requires a rec\rse to ! con/itut$ au?ority1 n p]mitt+ ! infliction ( puni%m5ts ( any k9d1 )\t ! int]v5tion ( ^? appo9t$ to adm9i/] ju/ice4 ,pass+ to ! o!r obs]vances1 :i* gr[ out ( ! gr& duty to be j to all1 we are /rictly comm&$ to respect ! prop]ty1 ! rights & ! hon\r ( o!rs1 to be solicit\s ( _! welf>e1 z mu* z ( our own1 to act hone/ly1 s9c]ely & fai?fully on e occasion1 to fulfil our promises1 to facilitate to o!rs ! success to :i* !y are ju/ly entitl$1 & to p>don our enemies4 ,f ! multif>i\s & v>i$ ties :i* b9d ! individual to family & society1 issue ! special duties ( husb& & wife1 ( fa!rs1 ( *ildr51 ( relations1 z well z ! reg>d due to mis=tune1 respect to ! ag$1 ! virtu\s1 ! le>n$1 ! magi/rates1 & ! au?orities ( ! /ate1 atta*m5t to ! c\ntry1 & ob$i5ce & loyalty to ! sov]eign1 :o1 9 ! language ( ! ,bible1 is con/itut$ by ,god to gov]n ! de/9ies ( ! p committ$ to 8 or h] c>e4 ,all ^! duties1 :i* bran* (f into _m specialities1 are ei!r explicitly decl>$1 or inconte/ably result1 by analogies & s\nd h]m5eutical d$uctions1 f ! v>i\s texts ref]r+ to su* subjects4 ,,lxxxvii4 ,b n to /rict ju/ice alone our conduct t[>ds our fell[-m5 mu/ con=m itself2 we are b\nd to act on ! pr9ciples ( ! mo/ g5]\s b5evol5ce & *>ity4 ,^? acts ( a noble m9d & a magnanim\s he>t1 commonly call$ virtue1 :i* are by morali/s only recomm5d$1 z m]itori\s works1 are by ! ,div9e law enjo9$1 z obligatory1 9 ! mo/ absolute s5se4 ,alms1 = in/ance1 are1 9 ! ,mosaic law1 a duty ( ! ri*1 & a "r ( ! ne$y4 ,god is ! own] ( ! l&2 ,he gave x to ! dilig5t to cultivate1 & ?r\gh ,8 bless+ _! lab\rs prosp]2 ,he assign$ to ! poor ,8 dues on ! cultivat$ soil1 & ord]$ t to !m %\ld be left ! total produce ( e sev5? ye>1 ! ti!s ( "s o!r ye>s1 & ! glean+s ( ! fields & v9ey>ds4 ,x 0 n !reby int5d$ to r5d] *>ity legal & compulsory1 depriv+ x ( its noble/ attribute1 :i* is spontaneity1 b to %[ m conspicu\sly ! importance atta*$ to x1 hav+ o!rwise left free all acts ( k9dness & m]cy1 to :i* ! law does n fix any measure4 ,to ?is class also belong ! precepts1 :i* make x a duty to give timely assi/ance to him :o is ab\t to succumb to fatigue & lab\r1 to supply ) provisions ! dis*>g$ s]vant1 to re/ore be=e sunset ! clo?+ tak5 9 pawn1 to obviate dang] 9 build+ a h\se1 to put no ob/ructions be=e ! bl9d1 to grant e k9d ( relief to :omsoev] /&s 9 ne$1 )\t exact+1 or ev5 expect+1 any remun]ation1 to rescue ^? :o are 9 dang]1 to def5d ! weak1 to protect ! wid[ & ! orphan1 to att5d ! sick1 & to give sepulture to ! dead4 ,^! & o!r simil> prescriptions1 :i* make ( *>ity a duty1 c>ry ) !m ! great lesson1 t ju/ice mu/ g always h&-9-h& ) m]cy1 s9ce ! all-j ,god is also all-m]ciful1 & he :o satisfies n bo? alike1 does n fully dis*>ge 8 duties to society4 ,,lxxxviii4 ,! ,mosaic disp5sation1 :i* consid]s ! :ole _w z a gr& unit1 & t5ds to c>ry out ! idea ( moral good to its fulle/ ext5t1 c\ld n leave unnotic$ ! relations ( man ) be+s ( diff]5t species2 !re=e x also m5tion$ duties t we owe to ! irrational creatures & inanimate be+s4 ,true1 ,god grant$ to man a sup]iority1 a dom9ion ov] all ?+s creat$ on e>?1 p]mitt+ him ! use1 & ev5 ! de/ruction1 ( !m1 :5ev] ?is is necess>y to 8 own welf>e1 or conducive to 8 own advantage2 b ,he wisely re/rict$ su* p[] )9 c]ta9 limits4 ,mosaism reg>ds ! entire univ]se z a temple manife/+ ! glory ( ,god1 & directs u to admire 9 ! s+le compon5t p>ts ! pr(\nd c\nsels & inf9ite wisdom ( ,him :o creat$ & h>moniz$ s _m wond]s4 ,?us we are comm&$1 9 ! fir/ place1 to respect ! laws ( nature1 z e/abli%$ by its ,supreme ,au?or f ! creation1 & n to d caprici\sly ?+s t are 9 direct opposition to su* laws4 ,f ?is pr9ciple spr+ ! v>i\s prohibitions to c\ple sexually diff]5t species ( animals1 to practise on !m ca/ration1 to con/ra9 simultane\sly to jo9t lab\r bea/s ( unequal /r5g?1 to muzzle !m :ile ?ra%+1 & to use t[>ds !m any k9d ( cruelty4 ,nay1 x is enjo9$ t !y1 also1 %\ld p>ticipate 9 ! g5]al re/ orda9$ = m5 on fe/ivals4 ,x is well = u to reflect h[ incomplete are z yet ! mod]n in/itutions = ! prev5tion ( cruelty to animals1 :5 comp>$ ) ^? ( ! anci5t ,mosaic code4 ,ev5 ! simultane\s s[+ ( het]og5e\s species1 & ! +raft+ ( plants1 are consid]$ z violations ( ! law ( nature1 :i* _h e/abli%$ ! di/9ctions4 ,9 ! second place1 9 ord] t man1 :ile us+ all ?+s = 8 b5efit1 might n imag9e t he is _! absolute ma/]1 & %\ld n =get ! true ,own]1 :o conf]r$ !m ^u him "u v>i\s res]vations1 he 0 enjo9$ n to appropriate at ! same "t two ?+s1 "o ( :i* _h be5 born or produc$ f ! o!r2 b 9 ! act ( conv]t+ to 8 own use "s object or be+1 he %\ld sp>e t :i* gave x bir?1 & n lay 8 h&s ^u bo? simultane\sly4 ,he is ?us to le>n to respect ! causes :ile enjoy+ ! effects2 & f ! second>y causes he w m5tally asc5d to ! primitive "o1 :i* produc$ !m all f n\ght4 ,?is is ! s5se & int5tion ( ! prohibitions ( tak+ 9 a covey ! "m ) ! "y1 ( slaught]+ a quadrup$ toge!r ) t :i* gave x bir?1 ( cutt+ d[n a tree1 7 x ev5 = ! necessity ( a siege1 :ile we are enjoy+ its fruit4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,lxxxix4 ,,! ?ird class ( duties comprises ^? :i* man has t[>ds himself2 & "h ! fundam5tal rule1 f :i* !y all em]ge1 s\nds ?us--,sanctify ?yself1 = ,i1 ! ,et]nal1 am holy1 :i*1 9 o!r words1 may be r5d]$ z foll[s--,imitate ,god1 = ?\ wa/ creat$ 9 ,8 image4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ?is sanctification ( self _c possibly be effect$ )\t kn[+ & lov+ ,god1 & )\t walk+ 9 8 ways by practis+ ju/ice & *>ity1 x foll[s t ?is ?ird article is ! c>d9al po9t1 :i* virtually compreh5ds 9 itself ! o!r two--x is ! ultimate object ( all ! revelation1 :i* purpos$ no?+ m or less ?an ! p]fection ( man2 to ?is gr& end ! :ole s*eme ( revelation 0 design$4 ,x is cle> t1 9 regulat+ ! precepts ( sanctification1 ! reveal$ ^w _h n alone to deal ) ! human s\l1 b to take into acc\nt ! body also1 )\t ^: concurr5ce man _c atta9 p]fection4 ,design$ = a receptacle ( an immortal _s1 & = an in/rum5t to c>ry out ! actions ( life1 ! body mu/ be pres]v$ entire1 pure1 & inaccessible to all contam9ation t w\ld be an ob/acle to ! high spiritual functions to be accompli%$ by its means4 ,to ensure ?is inaccessibility1 z f> z possible1 ! ,div9e law prescrib$ = all mank9d a rule1 :i*1 ?\gh to ! %ort und]/&+ ( _m its "* may n appe> v cle>1 0 deem$ by ! et]nal wisdom z calculat$ to promote morality4 ,previ\sly to ,abraham's vocation1 ,god =bade ,noah & 8 *ildr5 to fe$ ^u blood2 & ! scriptural decl>ation1 t ! s\l ( animals resides 9 _! blood1 seems to indicate t ! motive ( t prohibition is to prev5t ! human body be+ brutalis$ by absorb+ )9 itself1 & assimilat+1 a l>ge am\nt ( an inf]ior vitality1 & ?us caus+ ! mat]ial prop5sities to prepond]ate 9 man4 ,b ev5 if ! true reason ( t prohibition rema9$ unkn[n to u1 ?is w\ld n be ! only in/ance ( man be+ oblig$ to ackn[l$ge 8 own ignorance1 & to b[ rev]5tly be=e an explicit & rigor\s comm&m5t ( ,god4 ,,xc4 ,! pr9ciples inculcat$ by ! ,mosaic code1 = ! pres]vation ( ! body1 involve1 prim>ily1 ! prohibition ( attempt+ its exi/5ce1 &1 second>ily1 t ( cutt+ (f or injur+ any "p ( x4 ,suicide is1 !re=e1 explicitly decl>$ a crime2 & sev]al precepts are direct$ aga9/ mutilations1 m>ks1 & all sorts ( de=mations4 ,! law does n p]mit volunt>y mac]ations ( ! body1 caprici\s ab/95ces f lawful ?+s1 multipli$ or prolong$ fa/s1 or subtractions f :at is necess>y to life4 ,x1 on ! contr>y1 int5ds t bodily heal? %\ld be c>$ =1 t cleanl9ess & dec5cy1 9 e respect1 be reg>d$1 a prop] developm5t ( ! physical faculties promot$1 & an employm5t procur$ = !m consonant ) ! sup]ior requirem5ts ( man4 ,x is likewise due to ! physiology ( ! human body1 n to use any ( its limbs 9 a mann] contradictory to its organisation1 to provide = ! re/oration ( equilibrium or heal? ev5tually lo/1 to avoid risks ( injuries or disord]s1 & to take advice ( skill$ m5 9 cases ( disease4 ,b food1 dr9k1 recreation1 physical enjoym5t1 & e o!r indulg5ce usually all[$ to ! advantage ( ! body1 are requir$ by ! law to be mod]at$ by c]ta9 rules ( a moral /&>d1 hav+ 9 view m elevat$ ends ?an ! m]e gratification ( e>?ly wants2 s t ev5 ! mo/ vulg> acts may1 f ! int5tions :i* accompany !m1 acquire a c]ta9 religi\s importance4 ,9 %ort1 ! gov]nm5t ( ! body mu/ be su* z to fav\r1 & n to h9d]1 ! ex]cise ( :at conc]ns spiritual life4 ,,xci4 ,pass+ to o!r moral requirem5ts :i* come )9 ! sph]e ( man's duties t[>ds himself1 x is unnecess>y to demon/rate "h h[ x is incumb5t ^u e man to *oose a /ate 9 society adapt$ to 8 individual faculties & aptitude1 to be indu/ri\s1 sob] & decor\s1 to fix on a well-regulat$ di/ribution ( 8 "t & "w1 to be economical )\t p>simony & lib]al )\t prodigality1 & g5]ally to foll[ su* rules ( wisdom z t5d to r5d] life prosp]\s1 & human conduct acceptable to society4 ,all su* rules are self-evid5t1 & gr[ necess>ily out ( ! g5]al pr9ciple :i* dem&s ( ! functions ( ! body to subs]ve ! atta9m5t ( self-sanctification4 ,b we mu/ n[ speak precisely ( ?is sanctification1 to po9t out briefly 9 :at x consi/s4 ,f ! ,div9e prescript1 ,sanctify y\rselves because ,i am holy1 we cle>ly conclude t ! type ( sanctification is to be s\ght1 n 9 ourselves1 b 9 ,god2 !re=e1 to sanctify ourselves is to %ape our own acts & w ^u ! kn[n w ( ,god2 to be fully p5etrat$ ) ! idea ( ,him2 to hold /eadfa/ly to ,him2 to take ,him = a guide 9 ! walks ( life2 to make ,him ! goal ( our actions & ! c5tre ( our hopes2 to devote our solicitude to ! accompli%m5t ( ! high designs ( ,8 et]nal wisdom2 to p]=m :atev] is agreeable to ,him2 to imitate1 z f> z possible1 ,8 p]fections2 9 %ort1 s to act1 t :at 9 ,him is absolute may become 9 u subjective2 & ?us ! sanctity ( ,god w produce man's own sanctification4 ,hav+ e/abli%$ ?is sov]eign pr9ciple1 revelation has accompli%$ its int5tions1 has atta9$ its object1 = ! :ole sum ( ! ,div9e law is conc5trat$ 9 x2 & wor%ip1 morals1 judicial laws1 & all s+le obs]vances prescrib$1 are b bran*es or con/itu5t p>ts ( ?is pr9ciple2 !y all fl[ f1 & return to1 x1 ) a sy/ematic consequ5ce4 ,,xcii4 ,besides ! ?ree c>d9al articles above /at$1 ! obs]vance ( :i*1 9 _! g5]al t5d5cies at lea/1 is incumb5t on all mank9d1 !re are 9 ! sacr$ code v>i\s special prescriptions obligatory only on ,israel1 z him :o fir/ receiv$ ! revelation1 & :o is b\nd to pres]ve x ) p>ticul> means1 & to te/ify x = ev]1 by 8 acts & by 8 v exi/5ce4 ,?r\gh su* prescriptions1 ! law design$ ei!r to keep alive among ! p ! idea ( ! high mission entru/$ to x1 & ! memory ( signal fav\rs :i* ,provid5ce prodigally conf]r$ ^u x 9 ! e>ly times ( ! in/itution1 or to initiate x into a m scrupul\s sanctitude1 by int]dict+ to x "s ?+s t are left p]missive to o!rs4 ,x is n necess>y "h to give a complete li/ ( su* precepts1 z ! m]e inspection ( ! sacr$ text suffices to po9t !m out2 & we %all conf9e ourselves to indicat+ "s ( ! m important4 ,pre-em95t among !m /&s ! sabba?1 ! elevat$ t5d5cy ( :i* has be5 already expla9$ 9 ! ,s9aitic revelation2 next come ! ?ree ,fe/ivals ( ,passov]1 ,p5teco/1 & ,tab]nacles1 :i*1 besides be+ l9k$ to1 & comb9$ )1 rural ev5ts & circum/ances1 are also design$ to commemorate lum9\s epo*s 9 ! national hi/ory2 ! great day ( atonem5t1 z a highly important act ( reconciliation ) ,god2 ! circumcision1 z an ineffaceable m>k ( ! adoption ( ,israel2 ! assidu\s /udy ( ! ,div9e law1 z ! pure/ s\rce ( tru?1 & repository ( ! religi\s idea2 ! fr+es 9 ! g>m5ts1 ! phylact]ies or frontlets1 ! inscriptions on ! door-po/s1 & su* l commemorative means2 ! r$emption ( ! fir/born *ildr52 & ! (f]+ ( ! fir/ fruits1 z a demon/ration ( filial dep5dance on1 & gratitude to1 ! ,supreme ,cause2 ! prohibition to fe$ on c]ta9 loa?some animals1 & reptiles & insects1 9 ord] n to assimilate to ! human body sub/ances ( a l[1 imp]fect1 & possibly det]iorat$ organization2 ! int]diction ( m>riages betwe5 c]ta9 degrees ( relation%ips1 because want+ 9 ! antagonism requir$ 9 connubial unions2#e ! duty ( (f]+ up pray]1 "o ( ! noble/ (fices ( piety1 & ! mo/ effectual m$ium ( communion ) ,god2 t ( confess+ s9s1 ! inevitable consequ5ce ( human frailty2 ! injunctions to reject idolatry1 div9ations1 *>ms1 exorcisms1 sortileges1 & all mann] ( sup]/itions1 all ( :i* are ob/acles to ! developm5t ( ! religi\s idea2 & sev]al o!r precepts1 :i* may be f\nd disp]s$ ?r\gh\t ! sacr$ code1 all hav+ simil> t5d5cies1 & com+ m or less directly )9 ! scope we h assign$ to !m4 ,note #e3 ,ano!r probable reason ( ?is prohibition is1 t ! practice ( su* unions w\ld be fraught ) great dome/ic disord]s & unhapp9ess1 & consequ5t social evils4 ,b x is opportune "h to rem9d ! lead]1 t _m attempts h be5 made1 9 ! c\rse ( c5turies1 by em95t expositors1 to assign to _m ( ! ,mosaic ord9ances motives ( v>i\s *>act]s1 rationali/ic & metaphysical1 sanit>y1 political1 & my/ical1 b all m or less conjectural4 ,to ! religi\s man ! positive k ( ! true motives is n at all ess5tial = ! p]=mance ( ! div9e precepts2 & 9 ! words ( our au?or himself1 z /at$ else:]e1 we h to b[ rev]5tly be=e an explicit & rigor\s comm&m5t ( ,god1 & we consid] x z calculat$ to contribute to ! promotion ( our own weal4--,,! ,,translator4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,xciii4 ,,ca/+ n[ a retrospective glance on :at we h hi!rto briefly /at$1 x w be easy to d$uce1 f ! aggregate ( ^! notions1 ! pr9cipal *>act]i/ic ( t wondr\s in/itution1 :i* x pleas$ ! ,div9e m]cy to f\nd ^u e>? = ! b5efit ( ! human family1 select+ = its organ ! p ( ,israel2 an in/itution1 :i*1 9 ref]5ce to ! means adopt$ = its pres]vation & propagation1 is call$ ,judaism4 ,! scope ( ,judaism is1 !n1 ! propagation among m5 ( ! religi\s idea1 & ?is comprises ! doctr9es reveal$ respect+ ! ,deity & respect+ man1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* ! latt] w be able to atta9 8 true goal4 ,respect+ ,god1 revelation tea*es t ,he is a ,be+ absolute--t is to say1 t has 9 ,himself all ! s\rces ( exi/5ce1 ( w1 ( p[]1 & ( action--h5ce ,he is et]nal1 all-p]fect1 all-p[]ful1 all-holy2 ,he is unique1 because !re is no ,god beside ,him2 & ,he is "o1 because 9 ,him !re c be no multiplicity or division ( p>ts2 ,he creat$ out ( n\ght ! univ]se1 :i* ,he gov]ns by pre-orda9$ physical laws1 & all t exi/s owes to ,him its exi/5ce & cons]vation4 ,respect+ man1 revelation tea*es t he has an immortal s\l1 made 9 ! image ( ,god--t is1 end[$ ) v>i\s spiritual faculties simil>1 9 _! nature1 to ^? ( 8 ,mak]--!re=e susceptible ( a progressive p]fection1 :i* he w atta9 by sanctify+ himself--t is1 by imitat+ ,god & c>ry+ out 8 comm&s4 ,to t effect1 ,god ent]$ into an imm$iate relation ) man1 :]eby ,he n only provides = ! pres]vation ( mank9d1 z ,he does = t ( all o!r ?+s creat$1 b ,he1 moreov]1 grant$ him a sup]natural assi/ance to improve 8 moral condition2 & ?is assi/ance consi/s 9 hav+ made him ! recipi5t ( a revelation1 by :i* ,he in/ruct$ him 9 ! be/ rules ( life1 & decl>$ to him t ,he w be 8 support1 8 protector1 8 judge1 8 lov+ fa!r1 & 8 guide t[>ds et]nal felicity4 ,,xciv4 ,b ! religi\s idea is n simply a !ory t may be accept$ or reject$ )\t affect+ ! human actions1 x is n an ab/raction conf9$ )9 ! sph]e ( contemplation2 x is a practical sy/em1 :i* requires to be put into execution1 & to be manife/$ 9 e "p ( ! human conduct4 ,z su*1 x 0 to pass into ! h&s ( m51 to direct _! actions2 & !y c\ld con=m to x only to ! ext5t ( _! intellectual compreh5sion ( its _s4 ,n[1 e in/itution1 h[ev] excell5t 9 itself1 is liable to vicissitudes1 z soon z human +5uity seeks to compreh5d x1 & human weakness to c>ry x into effect4 ,ev5 z ! intellectual p[]s & ! modes ( view+ ?+s v>y among m51 s ! religi\s idea1 9 its practical application1 0 subject1 9 ! lapse ( "t1 to "s alt]ation among ^? :o became its deposit>ies4 ,judaism did n rema9 always pure & cons5tane\s to its ends2 &1 al?\gh bas$ on a f\ndation un*angeable 9 its nature1 & et]nal1 its practice 0 sometimes at v>iance ) its _s1 & its ess5ce 0 ei!r neglect$ or misund]/ood1 accord+ to c]ta9 circum/ances ( ! national developm5t1 z we are in=m$1 ev5 by ! records ( sacr$ hi/ory4 ,,xcv4 ,!re c be no d\bt b ! inspir$ man1 :o fir/ 0 commission$ to proclaim ! true religi\s idea1 _h fully realiz$ 9 8 m9d ! va/ness & imm5se consequ5ces ( t new in/itution 9 its ultimate univ]sal compass4 ,9 8 eloqu5t addresses !re are ev5 "s broad traits :i* allude to a fulfilm5t res]v$ to ! late/ po/]ity4 ,nev]!less1 x is obvi\s1 t1 hav+ to in/ruct a p :o 7 n yet prep>$ to realize su* an idea1 & 9 an age :5 ! op9ions ( all mank9d ran into totally diff]5t directions1 he _h to take into acc\nt ! condition ( ! times & ( m51 & to use a language suit$ to 8 he>]s4 ,at ! same "t x 0 n design$1 or expect$1 by ! holy legislator to see at once realiz$ ! la/ & compreh5sive results to :i* ! reveal$ doctr9e aspires2 x 0 suffici5t to h giv5 x exi/5ce & =m1 & to h in/itut$ a repository capably ( pres]v+ x1 leav+ its f9al univ]sal triumph to ! developm5t ( humanity & progress ( civilisation4 ,consid]$ 9 ^! po9ts ( view1 ,mosaism has ! appe>ance1 9 its ext]ior g>b1 ( a special law1 adapt$ to peculi> circum/ances1 & circumscrib$ to few p]sons1 b 9 reality1 & ap>t f t k9d ( integum5t1 x conta9s ! univ]sal doctr9es1 de/9$ to become ! inh]itance ( all mank9d4 ,! bless$ ,prophet cle>ly =esaw t ! new ideas prea*$ by him w\ld meet ) _m an ob/acle1 be=e !y 7 ?or\ghly adopt$1 ev5 by ^? :o 7 call$ ^u to pres]ve !m2 h5ce ! great] 0 ! =ce ) :i* he inculcat$ ! mono!i/ic pr9ciple1 & ! necessity ( segregation f =eign & idolatr\s influ5ces2 ?us 8 laws acquir$ an aspect ( p>ticul>ism & nationality1 :]eas on be+ c>efully /udi$1 & deeply p5etrat$1 !y exhibit _! m g5]al & sublime t5d5cy4 ,!re=e1 9 judg+ ( ,mosaism1 & 9 int]pret+ ! body ( laws conta9$ 9 ! ,p5tateu*1 we mu/ nev] lose sight ( ! two foll[+ necess>y cautions2 viz41 to d$uce g5]al !ories f p>ticul> cases2 & to take into acc\nt ! circum/ances ( "t & place1 9 ord] to seize t :i* is design$ = all times & all places4#f ,note #f3 ,! att5tive /ud5t ( ! ,p5tateu* mu/ see1 especially :5 assi/$ by ! be/ comm5tators1 t sev]al ord9ances are ! creatures ( circum/ance & "t1 & consequ5tly ( an ess5tially transitory "*4 ,among ^! /& =emo/ all su* z ref] to ! treatm5t (1 & relations )1 ! ,canaanitic families4 ,! /rict sep>ation ( ,israel f ^? corrupt & idolatr\s populations1 & _! ultimate de/ruction1 7 conditions necess>y to ! e/abli%m5t & success ( ! new ord] ( ?+s4 ,z soon z ! end ( ^? ord9ances 0 accompli%$1 !y naturally ceas$ to h any o!r ?an a hi/orical value4 ,!re=e1 he 7if any su* !re be7 :o w\ld transf] to ! ,g5tiles ( our days ! pr9ciples ( ! policy t 0 inculcat$ t[>ds ! ,canaanites ( ! "t ( ,moses1 w\ld n only he committ+ a sad mi/ake1 b runn+ c\nt] to ! _s ( ,judaism1 & violat+ ! v lett] ( ! law1 else:]e cle>ly express$4 ,?\ %alt love ! /rang] z ?yself1 is ! motto :i* ,god inscrib$ = p]petuity on ! bann] ( ,israel4--,,! ,,translator4 ,,xcvi4 ,:at ! inspir$ ,ar*-prophet _h =etold came too truly to pass1 z soon z ! p ( ,israel1 mix+ too freely ) _! corrupt neighb\rs1 wi%$ to imitate !m1 & assum$ ! =m ( a mon>*y4 ,ambition & lu/ ( p[] c\ld ill agree ) a law1 :i* e/abli%es individual lib]ty & equality ( rights4 ,consequ5tly1 x 0 n long be=e ,paganism asc5d$ ! ?rone1 att5d$ by a hide\s tra9 ( pr(ligacies & crimes2 &1 :at !n rema9$ ( ! ,mosaic in/itutions1 consi/$ only ( ! mat]ial s]vice ( ! temple1 & "s ext]ior acts me*anically p]=m$1 b sadly lack+ ! idea1 :i* alone con/itutes _! m]it4 ,to put an end to s great a disord]1 ,prophetism rose4 ,) admirable zeal1 en]gy1 eloqu5ce1 & abnegation1 ?und]+ 9 ! c\rts1 ! temple1 & ! public m>kets2 n[ by ^w ( m\?1 !n by writ+s2 n[ ?reat5+1 anon exhort+2 always /ruggl+ ) inf9ite ob/acles1 & sett+ at defiance ! tyranny ( ! rul+ p[]s ) ! sole pre/ige ( ! animat$ ^w1 ,prophetism und]took to revivify ! religi\s idea1 almo/ ext+ui%$1 or cru%$ "u ! weight ( univ]sal p]v]sion4 ,b to repress ) great] =ce ! ov]fl[+ depravity1 & to combat ! evil ) an opposite extreme1 x 0 prop] to dive/ ! religi\s idea ( its p>ticul>is+ & national =ms1 & to pres5t x 9 its m compreh5sive & g5]al "*1 9 its cele/ial beauty ( a future reign ( happ9ess1 bas$ on love1 ju/ice1 lib]ty1 & univ]sal peace4 ,?is 0 precisely :at ,prophetism did4 ,!re=e1 he w\ld be greatly mi/ak51 :o w\ld suppose1 9 ! expressions us$ by ! ,prophets1 any int5tion ( slight t[>ds ! c]emonial laws1 & ^? biblical prescriptions1 :i* are specially int5d$ = ! *os5 p4 ,true1 ^! are to be reg>d$ z means calculat$ to a sup]ior end2 b !y rema9 9 full =ce & validity until t end 7:i* is 9 /ore 9 ! ,et]nal ,m9d7 %all h be5 fully & f9ally atta9$4 ,! ,prophets elim9at$ no?+ f1 & add$ no?+ to1 ! law2 !y s\ght to revive ! religi\s idea1 :i* is ! f\ndation & aim ( ! law2 !y br\ght x into prom95ce1 to impress x m =cibly on ! m9ds ( a p :o _h ne>ly lo/ x4 ,b !y did m2 !y b\nd$ ov] ! conf9es ( ! pres5t1 transf]r$ !mselves ?r\gh ! imag9ation to a future f9al re-arrangem5t ( ! human conditions2 &1 giv+ to ! religi\s idea its greate/ possible latitude1 depict$ a future /ate ( ideal p]fection1 :i*1 :ile x (f]$ a vivid contra/ ) contempor>y corruption1 left to po/]ity an imp]i%able monum5t ( _! inspir$ eloqu5ce & exquisite =esight4#g ,note #g3 ,! orig9al has "h sev]al succe$+ p>agraphs devot$ to a hi/orical review ( v>i\s phases ( ,judaism1 :i* x describes "u ! names ( ,talmudism1 ,rabb9ism1 ,c>aism1 & ,cabalism4 ,believ+ ?is digression1 or app5dix1 to be unnecess>y to ! g5]al purposes ( ! pres5t book1 ,i h omitt$ x 9 ! translation1 ) ! sanction ( ! di/+ui%$ ,au?or himself4--,,! ,,translator4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,xcvii4 ,,judaism is n[ cle>ly del9eat$ be=e u4 ,f ! outl9e t we h endeav\r$ to sket*1 x is evid5t t ! religion ( ! ,jew imposes ^u him solemn duties t[>ds ,god1 t[>ds 8 fell[-m51 & t[>ds himself4 ,a s9c]e1 pure1 undivid$1 active1 lov+ wor%ip ( 8 heav5ly ,fa!r1 & a con/ant practice ( ju/ice1 b5evol5ce1 & *>ity1 9 _! wide/ s5se1 w lead to 8 self-sanctification1 :i* is ! aim int5d$ = him4 ,^! are 8 fundam5tal duties1 z f> z reg>ds actions4 ,_m ( ! obs]vances prescrib$ by ,holy ,writ tea* ! modes & means ( c>ry+ out su* duties4 ,all su* prescriptions z are /rictly connect$ ) ! exi/5ce ( ! temple1 & ! soj\rn 9 ,pale/9e are disp5s$ )1 s9ce ! de/ruction ( ! =m]1 & ! disp]sion ( ,israel on ! face ( ! e>?4 ,b no d\bts c exi/ z to ! o!rs1 :i* are all1 & = ev]1 9 full =ce1 hav+ be5 orda9$ = all times & all places4 ,b ! ,jew has also a cre$ to pr(ess4 ,accord+ to ! ,scriptures1 he is b\nd to believe 9 ! unity1 et]nity1 omnipot5ce1 omnisci5ce1 un]r+ ju/ice1 & inf9ite m]cy ( ,god2 9 ,8 g5]al provid5ce ov] all ! univ]se1 :i* ,he creat$ & :i* ,he gov]ns1 & ,8 m special provid5ce ov] man2 he is b\nd to believe 9 ! div9e orig9 ( ! ,mosaic revelation1 9 its tru? & immutability1 & 9 its efficacy to promote 8 own sanctification2 he is b\nd to believe 9 ! spirituality & immortality ( ! human s\l1 9 its de/9ation & aptitude to p]=m all t is good1 & 9 ! future rew>d ( ! virtu\s & puni%m5t ( ! wick$2 &1 la/ly1 he is b\nd to believe1 t1 9 ord] to make kn[n1 pres]ve1 & propagate ^! dogmas1 a cov5ant 0 e/abli%$ betwe5 ,god & ,israel1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* ! latt] is call$ s]vant ( ,god1 son ( ,god1 holy p1 & has ! p>ticul> mission to con=m to ! w ( ,god1 :i* is call$ walk+ 9 ! ways ( ! ,et]nal4 ,^! v>i\s po9ts are1 h[ev]1 s intimately connect$ ) ea* o!r1 & =m s complete a sy/em1 t "o be+ admitt$1 ! o!rs foll[ z legitimate consequ5ces4 ,x n[ rema9s = u only to add a few words conc]n+ ! hopes ( ,israel4 ,! future--z great 9 its consequ5ces z extraord9>y 9 its conditions--:i* ! ,jew has a "r to expect1 has its f\ndation 9 ! ,div9e promises1 &1 consequ5tly1 its accompli%m5t1 ?\gh long 9 ! womb ( "t1 is infallible4 ,by virtue ( su* promises1 ,israel expects a complete mat]ial re/oration & spiritual p]fection1 n ( 8 own p only1 b ( all ! human family2 s t e individual ( ! human species may !n correspond1 9 all respects1 to ! l(ty requirem5ts ( 8 nature1 & atta9 ! ends pre-e/abli%$ = man by ! inf9ite wisdom ( ! ,creator2 & ?is n only dur+ 8 e>?ly life1 b also beyond x1 9 8 immortal condition4 ,z to ! modes by :i* ^! heav5ly univ]sal promises w come into actuality1 we mu/ re/ satisfi$ ) v feeble & vague notions1 & n require an exact compreh5sion ( specialities1 :i*1 9 our pres5t limit$ p[] ( m9d1 we might be unable ev5 to conceive4 ,x is suffici5t = u to be able to d$uce ) c]ta9ty f prophetic words1 t 7z reg>ds ! future condition ( ?is life7 an increas$ intellig5ce1 & a m en]getic w direct$ t[>ds :at is good--:i* 9 ! biblical language is call$ circumcision ( ! he>t--w be ! means ( diffus+ ?r\gh\t ! _w ! k ( ! ,"o ,god1 & ! ex]cise ( virtue1 "u ! regim5 ( an incorruptible ju/ice1 a g5]\s b5evol5ce1 a univ]sal peace1 & an un9t]rupt$ prosp]ity & happ9ess4 ,to ,israel1 9 p>ticul>1 ! ga!r+ ( 8 scatt]$ memb]s1 ! re/oration ( 8 ance/ral inh]itance1 & ! re-e/abli%m5t ( 8 nationality1 h be5 promis$ & repeat$ly assur$2 & ! glory ( t epo* =ms ! subject ( ! mo/ gl[+ pictures ( inspir$ poetry4 ,b ! fulfilm5t ( ^! promises ! ,jew mu/ expect f ! wond]-work+ h& ( ,god alone1 )\t any p]sonal ef=ts ( 8 own4 ,mean:ile1 he is to consid] himself1 z he truly is1 a citiz5 ( ! c\ntry 9 :i* he dwells1 a bro!r to 8 fell[-citiz5s1 a dutiful obs]v] ( ! law ( ! l&1 & a loyal subject ( ! sov]eign1 ^: au?ority is con/itut$ by ,god4 ,,london3 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,j4 ,,w]!im] ,,& ,,co41 ,,circus ,,place1 ,,f9sbury ,,circus4