,,! ,,trial ,,& ,,dea?  ,,(  ,,jesus    
,,*ri/   ,a ,devotional ,hi/ory ( our   
,"l's ,passion4    ,,by  ,,james        
,,/alk]1 ,d4,d4    ,,au?or ,,( ,,life   
,,( ,,jesus ,,*ri/1 ,,life ,,( ,,/4     
,,paul1 ,,imago ,,*ri/i1 ,,etc4         
,,crux ,,dom9i ,,palma1 ,,c$rus1        
,,cypressus1 ,,oliva4    ,,hodd]        
,,/\ghton  ,,new ,,york  ,,george ,h4   
,,doran ,,company     ,,copyright1      
#ahid1  ,,by  ,a4 ,c4 ,,arm/rong  ,,son4
     ,,to ,,my ,,wife     ,,preface     
,ev] s9ce ,i wrote1 9 a contract$ =m1 ,!
 ,life ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! desire has     
slumb]$ 9 my m9d to describe on a mu* m 
ext5d$ scale ! clos+ passages ( !       
,savi\r's e>?ly hi/ory2 &1 al?\gh r5ew$ 
/udy has deep5$ my s5se ( !             
impossibility ( do+ ^! sc5es full       
ju/ice1 yet ! subject has nev] ceas$ to 
attract me1 z be+ beyond all o!rs       
impressive & remun]ative4  ,! limits (  
our ,"l's ,passion are some:at          
indet]m9ate4 ,krumma*] beg9s ) !        
,triumphal ,entry into ,j]usalem1 ,taul]

 ) ! ,feet-wa%+ be=e ! ,la/ ,supp]1 &   
,ramba* ) ,ge?semane2 mo/ end ) ! ,dea? 
& ,burial2 b ,grimm1 a ,roman ,ca?olic1 
! late/ writ] on ! subject1 means to    
ext5d 8 ,leid5sges*i*te to ! end ( !    
,=ty ,days4  ,tak+ ! ^w passion 9 !     
/rict s5se1 ,i h comm5c$ at ! po9t :]e1 
by fall+ into ! h&s ( ,8 enemies1 our   
,"l 0 depriv$ ( volunt>y activity2 & ,i 
h f9i%$ ) ! ,burial4  ,no d\bt ! same   
unique greatness belongs to ! sc5es ( ! 
previ\s ev5+2 & ,i %\ld l to write (    
,*ri/ among ,8 ,fri5ds z ,i h "h writt5 
( ,him among ,8 ,foes2 b = ?is purpose a
 volume at lea/ z l>ge z ! pres5t "o    
w\ld be requisite2 & ! portion "h       
describ$ has an obvi\s unity ( its own4 
,! bibliography ( ! ,passion is giv5 )  
consid]able fulness 9 ,zckl]'s ,das     
,kreuz ,*ri/i2 b a good _m ( ! books !re
 enum]at$ may be said to h be5 sup]s$$  
by ! monum5tal "w ( ,nebe1 ,die         
,leid5sges*i*te uns]s ,h]rn ,hesu ,*ri/i
 7#b vols41 #ahha71 :i*1 ?\gh n a "w (  
g5ius1 is writt5 on s compreh5sive a    

plan & ) su* abundance ( le>n+ t no?+   
c\ld bett] s]ve ! purpose ( anyone :o   
wi%es to draw ! skeleton be=e pa9t+ !   
picture4  ,( ! num]\s ,lives ( ,*ri/ ^? 
by ,keim & ,ed]%eim are wor?y ( special 
notice 9 ?is "p ( ! hi/ory1 because ( ! 
fulness ( in=mation f classical s\rces 9
 ! "o & f ,talmudical 9 ! o!r4  ,/e9mey]
 7,leid5sges*i*te7 is valuable on       
apologetic que/ions4  ,on ! ,sev5 ,words
 f ! ,cross !re is an ext5sive special  
lit]ature4 ,s*lei]ma*] & ,?oluck are    
rem>kably good2 & !re are volumes by    
,b>+-,g\ld1 ,scott ,holl& & o!rs4  ,9 ! 
sub-title ,i h call$ ?is book a         
,devotional ,hi/ory1 because ! subject  
is "o :i* has to be /udi$ ) ! he>t z    
well z ! head4  ,b ,i h n on ?is acc\nt 
writt5 9 ! declamatory & int]rogatory   
/yle common 9 devotional works4  ,i h to
 confess t "s ev5 ( ! mo/ fam\s books on
 ! ,passion are to me intol]ably t$i\s1 
because !y are writt51 s to speak1 9    
oh's & ah's4  ,surely ?is is n ess5tial 
to devotion4  ,! sc5es ( ! ,passion     

ought1 inde$1 to /ir ! dep?s ( ! he>t2 b
 ?is purpose is be/ atta9$1 n by !      
n>rator display+ 8 own emotions1 b1 z is
 %[n 9 ! incomp>able model ( ! ,gospels1
 by ! fai?ful exhibition ( ! facts      
!mselves4  ,,glasg[1 #ahid4             
,,cont5ts   ,,*apt]  ,i4 ,,! ,,arre/    
,matt4 xxvi4 #dg-ef2 ,m>k xiv4 #dc-ej2  
,luke xxii4 #dg-ec2 ,john viii4 #a-aa4  
,,ii4 ,,! ,,ecclesia/ical ,,trial       
,matt4 xxvi4 #eg-fh2 ,m>k xiv4 #ea-fe2  
,luke xxii4 #ed-ga2 ,john xviii4 #ab-ad1
 #ai-bd4   ,,iii4 ,,! ,,great ,,d5ial   
,matt4 xxvi4 #fi-ge2 ,m>k xiv4 #ff-gb2  
,luke xxii4 #ed-fb2 ,john xviii4 #ae-ah1
 #be-g4   ,,iv4 ,,! ,,civil ,,trial     
,matt4 xxvii4 #aa2 ,m>k xv4 #b2 ,luke   
xxiii4 #b-d2 ,john xviii4 #bh-ch4   ,v4 
,,jesus ,,& ,,h]od  ,luke xxiii4 #e-ab4 
,,vi4 ,,back ,,to ,,pilate  ,matt4      
xxvii4 #ae-bc2 ,m>k xv4 #f-ad2 ,luke    
xxiii4 #ac-be2 ,john xviii4 #ci1 #dj4   
,,vii4 ,,! ,,cr[n ,,( ,,?orns  ,matt4   
xxvii4 #bf-cj2 ,m>k xv4 #ae-bj2 ,luke   
xxiii4 #be2 ,john xix4 #a-e4   ,,viii4  

,,! ,,%ipwreck ,,( ,,pilate  ,matt4     
xxvii4 #bd1 #be2 ,m>k xv4 #ae2 ,luke    
xxiii4 #be2 ,john xix4 #e-af4   ,,ix4   
,,judas ,,isc>iot  ,matt4 xxvii4 #c-aj2 
,acts i4 #ah1 #ai4   ,x4 ,,via          
,,dolorosa  ,matt4 xxvii4 #ca-c2 ,m>k   
xv4 #bj1 #ba2 ,luke xxiii4 #bf2 ,john   
xix4 #af1 #ag4   ,,xi4 ,,! ,,daught]s   
,,( ,,j]usalem  ,luke xxiii4 #bg-ca4    
,,xil4 ,,calv>y  ,matt4 xxvii4 #cc-h2   
,m>k xv4 #bg1 #bh2 ,luke xxiii4 #cb1    
#cc2 ,john xix4 #ah-bb4   ,,xiii4 ,,!   
,,gr\ps ,,r\nd ,,! ,,cross  ,matt4      
xxvii4 #ci-dd1 #ee1 #ef2 ,m>k xv4       
#bi-cb2 ,luke xxiii4 #ce-g1 #di2 ,john  
xix4 #bc-e4   ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,^w ,,f
 ,,! ,,cross  ,luke xxiii4 #cd4   ,,xv4 
,,! ,,second ,,^w ,,f ,,! ,,cross  ,luke
 xxiii4 #ci-dc4   ,,xvi4 ,,! ,,?ird ,,^w
 ,,f ,,! ,,cross  ,john xix4 #be-bg4    
,,xvii4 ,,! ,,f\r? ,,^w ,,f ,,! ,,cross 
,matt4 xxvii4 #df-i2 ,m>k xv4 #cd-f4    
,,xviii4 ,,! ,,fif? ,,^w ,,f ,,! ,,cross
  ,john xix4 #bh4   ,,xix4 ,,! ,,six?   
,,^w ,,f ,,! ,,cross  ,john xix4 #cj4   

,,xx4 ,,! ,,sev5? ,,^w ,,f ,,! ,,cross  
,luke xxiii4 #df4   ,,xxi4 ,,! ,,signs  
,matt4 xxvii4 #ej-d2 ,m>k xv4 #ch1 #ci2 
,luke xxiii4 #dd1 #de1 #dg4   ,,xxii4   
,,! ,,dead ,,*ri/  ,john xix4 #ca-g4    
,,xxiii4 ,,! ,,burial  ,matt4 xxvii4    
#eg-fa2 ,m>k xv4 #db-g2 ,luke xxiii4    
#ej-f2 ,john xix4 #ch-db4     ,,*apt]   
,i4  ,,! ,,arre/  ,our /udy ( ! clos+   
sc5es ( ! life ( our ,"l beg9s at ! po9t
 :]e ,he fell into ! h&s ( !            
repres5tatives ( ju/ice2 & ?is took     
place at ! gate ( ,ge?semane & at !     
midnight h\r4  ,on ! ea/]n side (       
,j]usalem1 ! gr\nd slopes d[nw>ds to !  
b$ ( ! ,brook ,k$ron2 & on ! fur!r side 
( ! /ream rises ! ,m\nt ( ,olives4  ,!  
side ( ! hill 0 laid out 9 g>d5s or     
or*>ds belong+ to ! inhabitants ( !     
city2 & ,ge?semane 0 "o ( ^!4  ,!re is  
no probability t ! enclosure n[ po9t$   
out to pilgrims at ! foot ( ! hill is ! 
actual spot1 or t ! six ag$ olive trees 
:i* x conta9s are ^? to ! sil5t %ad[s ( 
:i* ! ,savi\r us$ to resort2 b ! sc5e _c

 h be5 f> away1 & ! piety :i* l+]s ) awe
 9 ! traditional site _c be mu* mi/ak54 
,! agony 9 ,ge?semane 0 j ov]1 :5 lo1 z 
,/4 ,mat!w says1 ,judas1 "o ( ! twelve1 
came1 & ) him a great multitude4  ,!y _h
 come d[n f ! ea/]n gate ( ! city & 7   
approa*+ ! entrance to ! g>d54  ,x 0    
full moon1 & ! black mass 0 easily      
visible1 mov+ along ! du/y road4  ,!    
arre/ ( ,*ri/ 0 n made by two or ?ree   
common (fic]s ( ju/ice4  ,! great       
multitude has to be tak5 lit]ally1 b n 9
 ! s5se ( a disord]ly cr[d4  ,z x 0 at !
 in/ance ( ! ecclesia/ical au?orities t 
! appreh5sion took place1 _! s]vants--! 
,levitical police ( ! temple--7 to !    
front4  ,b1 z ,jesus _h at lea/ elev5   
resolute m5 ) ,him1 & ^! might r\se     
incalculable numb]s ( ,8 adh]5ts on !   
way to ! city1 x _h be5 consid]$        
judici\s to ask f ! ,roman gov]nor a    
division ( soldi]s1#a :i*1 at ! "t ( !  
,passov]1 0 locat$ 9 ! =tress (         
,antonia1 ov]look+ ! temple1 to int]v5e 
9 any em]g5cy4  ,& "s ( ! memb]s ( !    

,sanh$rim _h ev5 come !mselves1 s eag] 7
 !y to see t ! design %\ld n misc>ry4   
,?is composite =ce 0 arm$ ) swords &    
/aves--! =m] weapon belong+ p]haps to ! 
,roman soldi]s & ! latt] to ! temple    
police--& !y c>ri$ lant]ns & tor*es1    
probably because !y expect$ to h to hunt
 = ,jesus & ,8 foll[]s 9 ! recesses ( ,8
 retreat4  ,altoge!r x 0 a =midable     
body3 !y 7 det]m9$ to make assurance    
d\bly sure4   ,i4  ,! lead] ( !m 0      
,judas4  ,( ! g5]al "* ( ?is man1 & !   
nature ( 8 crime1 en\gh w be said lat]2 
b "h we mu/ note t !re 7 special        
aggravations 9 8 mode ( c>ry+ out 8     
purpose4  ,he pr(an$ ! ,passov]4  ,!    
bett] day1 says ! prov]b1 ! bett] de$4  
,b1 if a de$ is evil1 x is ! worse if x 
is done on a sacr$ day4  ,! ,passov] 0 !
 mo/ sacr$ season ( ! entire ye>2 & ?is 
v ev5+ 0 ! mo/ sacr$ ( ! ,passov] week4 
,x 0 z if a crime %\ld 9 ,scotl& be     
committ$ by a memb] ( ! ,*ur* on ! night
 ( a ,communion ,sabba?1 or 9 ,engl& on 
,*ri/mas ,day4  ,he invad$ ! sanctu>y ( 

8 ,ma/]'s devotions4  ,ge?semane 0 a    
fav\rite resort ( ,jesus2 ,judas _h be5 
!re ) ,him1 & he knew well = :at purpose
 ,he frequ5t$ x4  ,b ! respect due to a 
place ( pray] did n det] him2 on !      
contr>y1 he took advantage ( 8 ,ma/]'s  
well-kn[n habit4  ,b ! cr[n+ pr(anation1
 = :i* humanity w nev] =give him1 0 !   
sign by :i* he _h agre$ to make 8 ,ma/] 
kn[n to ,8 enemies4  ,x is probable t he
 came on 9 front1 z if he did n belong  
to ! b& beh9d2 &1 hurry+ t[>ds ,jesus1 z
 if to apprise ,him ( ,8 dang] & condole
 ) ,him on s sad a mis=tune z ,8        
appreh5sion1 he flung himself on ,8     
neck1 sobb+1 ,ma/]1 ,ma/]6 & n only did 
he kiss ,him1 b he did s repeat$ly or   
f]v5tly3 s ! ^w signifies4#b  ,z long z 
!re is true1 pure love 9 ! _w1 ?is act w
 be hat$ & despis$ by ev]yone :o has ev]
 giv5 or receiv$ ?is tok5 ( affection4  
,x 0 a s9 aga9/ ! human he>t & all its  
*>ities4  ,b none c feel its horror z x 
mu/ h be5 felt by ,jesus4  ,t night & ! 
next day ,8 face 0 m>r$ 9 _m ways3 x 0  

furr[$ by ! bloody sweat2 x 0 bruis$ )  
bl[s2 !y spat ^u x2 x 0 r5t ) ?orns3 b  
no?+ w5t s close to ,8 he>t z !         
pr(anation ( ?is kiss4 ,z ano!r said1 :o
 _h be5 simil>ly treat$3 ,x 0 n an enemy
 t reproa*$ me1 !n ,i c\ld h borne x2   
nei!r 0 x he t hat$ me t did magnify    
himself aga9/ me1 !n ,i w\ld h hid      
myself f him2 b x 0 ?\1 a man m9e equal1
 my guide & m9e acqua9tance2 we took    
sweet c\nsel toge!r1 & walk$ to ! h\se (
 ,god 9 company4 #c  ,be=e ! kiss 0     
giv51 ,jesus /ill receiv$ him ) ! old "n
 ( ,fri5d2 b1 aft] be+ /ung ) x1 ,he    
c\ld n keep back ! annihilat+ "q1       
,judas1 betraye/ ?\ ! ,son ( man ) a    
kiss8  ,! kiss 0 ! sign ( disciple%ip4  
,9 ! ,ea/1 /ud5ts us$ to kiss _! rabbis2
 & 9 all likelihood ?is cu/om prevail$  
betwe5 ,*ri/ & ,8 disciples4  ,:5 we    
become ,8 disciples1 we may be said to  
kiss ,him2 & e "t we r5ew ! pl$ge ( our 
loyalty we may be said to repeat ?is    
act4  ,we d s especially 9 ! ,"l's      
,supp]4 ,9 our baptism ,he may be said  

to take u up 9 ,8 arms & kiss u2 9 ! o!r
 sacram5t we obta9 ! opportunity (      
return+ ?is m>k ( affection4   ,,ii4    
,probably ,judas1 be+ ahead ( ! b& he 0 
lead+1 w5t some:at into ! %ad[s ( ! g>d5
 to rea* ,jesus2 & no d\bt x 0 expect$ t
 ,jesus w\ld try to get away4  ,b1      
in/ead ( do+ s1 ,he %ook ,himself free f
 ,judas &1 com+ =w>d at once into !     
moonlight1 dem&$1 ,:om seek ye8  ,at ?is
 !y 7 s />tl$ t !y reel$ back &1 /epp+  
"o on ano!r1 fell to ! gr\nd4  ,simil>  
incid5ts are relat$ ( fam\s m54  ,!     
,roman ,m>ius1 = in/ance1 0 9 prison at 
,m9turnae :5 ,sylla s5t ord]s t he %\ld 
be put to dea?4  ,a ,gauli% slave 0 s5t 
to dispat* him2 b1 at ! sight ( ! man :o
 _h %ak5 ! _w1 & :o cri$ out1 ,fell[1   
d>e/ ?\ to slay ,caius ,m>ius8 ! soldi] 
?rew d[n 8 weapon & fl$4#d  ,!re are _m 
indications scatt]$ ?r\gh ! ,gospels t1 
especially 9 mom5ts ( high emotion1 !re 
0 some?+ extraord9>ily subdu+ 9 ! aspect
 & voice ( ,*ri/4#e  ,on ! occasion1 =  
example1 :5 ,he cle>$ ! temple1 ! h>d5$ 

pr(an]s ( ! place1 ?\gh num]\s & p[]ful1
 fl$ 9 t]ror be=e ,him4  ,& ! /rik+     
notice ( ,him z ,he 0 go+ up to         
,j]usalem = ! la/ "t w be rememb]$3     
,jesus w5t be=e !m1 & !y 7 amaz$2 &1 z  
!y foll[$1 !y 7 afraid4  ,on ?is        
occasion ! emotion ( ,ge?semane 0 ^u    
,him--! rapt s5se ( victory & ( a m9d   
/eel$ to g ?r\gh ) its purpose--& p]haps
 !re rema9$ on ,8 face "s traces ( !    
,agony1 :i* sc>$ ! onlook]s4  ,x is n   
necess>y to suppose t !re 0 any?+       
pret]natural1 ?\gh "p ( ! t]ror ( ,8    
captors may h be5 ! dread le/ ,he %\ld  
de/roy !m by a miracle4 ,evid5tly ,judas
 0 afraid ( some?+ ( ?is k9d :5 he said1
 ,take ,him & lead ,him away safely4  ,!
 tru? is1 !y 7 caught1 in/ead ( cat*+   
,him4  ,x 0 a mean1 trea*]\s err& !y 7  
on4  ,!y 7 employ+ a traitor z _! guide4
  ,!y expect$ to come ^u ,*ri/1 p]haps  
:5 ,he 0 asleep1 9 sil5ce & by /eal?2   
or1 if ,he 7 awake1 !y ?\ght t !y w\ld h
 to pursue ,him into a lurk+-place1 :]e 
!y w\ld f9d ,him trembl+ & at bay4  ,!y 

7 to surprise ,him1 b1 :5 ,he came =?   
fe>less1 rapt & int]rogative1 ,he       
surpris$ !m1 & compell$ !m to take an   
altoge!r unexpect$ attitude4  ,he br\ght
 all above bo>d & put !m to %ame4  ,h[  
ridicul\s n[ look$ _! cumbr\s           
prep>ations--all ^! soldi]s1 ! swords & 
/aves1 ! tor*es & lant]ns1 n[ burn+ pale
 9 ! cle> moonlight4  ,jesus made !m    
feel x4  ,he made !m feel :at mann] ( _s
 !y 7 (1 & h[ utt]ly !y _h mi/ak5 ,8    
views & _s4  ,:om seek ye8 ,he ask$ !m  
aga91 to compel !m to see t !y 7 n tak+ 
,him1 b t ,he 0 giv+ ,himself up4  ,he 0
 completely ma/] ( ! situation4 ,s+l+   
out ! ,sanh$ri/s1 :o probably at t mom5t
 w\ld r h kept 9 ! backgr\nd1 ,he dem&$1
 po9t+ to _! excessive prep>ations1 ,be 
ye come out z aga9/ a ?ief1 ) swords &  
/aves8  ,:5 ,i 0 daily ) y 9 ! temple1  
ye /ret*$ =? no h&s aga9/ ,me4  ,he1 a  
solit>y man1 ?\gh ,he knew h[ _m 7 aga9/
 ,him1 _h n be5 afraid3 ,he taught daily
 9 ! temple--9 ! mo/ public place1 at ! 
mo/ public h\r4  ,b !y1 num]\s & p[]ful 

z !y 71 yet 7 afraid1 & s !y _h *os5 !  
midnight h\r = _! nef>i\s purpose4  ,?is
 is y\r h\r1 ,he said1 & ! p[] (        
d>kness4  ,?is midnight h\r is y\r h\r1 
because ye are sons ( night1 & ! p[] ye 
wield aga9/ ,me is ! p[] ( d>kness4  ,s 
spake ! ,lion ( ! tribe ( ,judah6  ,s w 
,he speak on t day :5 all ,8 enemies    
%all be put "u ,8 feet4  ,kiss ! ,son1  
le/ ,he be angry1 & ye p]i% f ! way :5  
,8 wra? is k9dl$ b a little4  ,bless$   
are all !y t put _! tru/ 9 ,him4        
,,iii4  ,we _c recall to m9d too (t5 t x
 0 ! victory 9 ! ,g>d5 t acc\nt$ = ?is  
triumph outside ! gate4  ,! irresi/ible 
dignity & /r5g? "h display$ 7 ga9$ by   
wat*+ & pray]4  ,?is1 h[ev]1 is made    
/ill m impressively cle> by ! fate ( ^? 
:o did n wat* & pray4  ,on !m ev]y?+    
came z a bl9d+ & bewild]+ surprise4  ,!y
 7 ar\s$ out ( pr(\nd slumb]1 & came    
/umbl+ =w>d h>dly yet awake4  ,:5 h&s 7 
laid on ,jesus1 "o ( ! disciples cri$1  
,%all we smite ) ! sword8  ,&1 )\t wait+
 = an answ]1 he /ruck4  ,b :at a        

ridicul\s bl[6  ,h[ l a man half-awake6 
,in/ead ( ! head1 he only smote ! e>4   
,?is bl[ w\ld h be5 de>ly paid = _h n   
,jesus1 ) p]fect pres5ce ( m9d1 int]pos$
 betwe5 ,pet] & ! swords :i* 7 be+ drawn
 to cut him d[n4  ,suff] ye ?us f>1 ,he 
said1 keep+ ! soldi]s back2 &1 t\*+ !   
e>1 ,he heal$ x1 & sav$ ,8 poor         
disciple4  ,surely x 0 ev5 ) a smile t  
,jesus said to ,pet]1 ,put up aga9 ?y   
sword into 8 place2 = all !y t take !   
sword %all p]i% ) ! sword4  ,inside !   
scabb>d1 n outside1 0 ! sword's place2 x
 0 out ( place 9 ?is cause2 & ^? :o     
wield ! sword )\t j reason1 & )\t       
receiv+ ! ord]s ( compet5t au?ority1 are
 !mselves liable to give life = life4   
,b x 0 ) ! high-/rung eloqu5ce ) :i* ,he
 _h spok5 to ,8 enemies t ,jesus fur!r  
%[$ ,pet] h[ inconsi/5t 0 8 act4  ,x 0  
inconsi/5t ) 8 ,ma/]'s dignity2 ,=1 said
 ,he1 if ,i ask ,my ,fa!r1 ,he w\ld     
pres5tly give ,me m ?an twelve legions (
 angels2 & :at aga9/ su* a =ce 7 ?is    
miscellane\s b&1 numb]+ at ! mo/ ! t5?  

"p ( a legion ( m58  ,x 0 inconsi/5t )  
,scripture3 ,h[ !n %all ! ,scriptures be
 fulfill$1 t ?us x mu/ be8  ,x 0        
inconsi/5t ) ,8 own purpose & ,8 ,fa!r's
 w3 ,! cup :i* ,my ,fa!r ha? giv5 ,me1  
%all ,i n dr9k x8  ,poor ,pet]6  ,on ?is
 occasion he 0 ?or\ghly l himself4  ,!re
 0 a k9d ( rightness & nobl5ess 9 :at he
 did2 b x 0 9 ! wrong place4  ,if he _h 
only be5 z prompt inside ,ge?semane to d
 :at he 0 bidd5 z outside x to d :at he 
0 n bidd56  ,h[ mu* bett] if he c\ld h  
drawn ! spiritual sword & cut on ! e>   
:i* 0 to be betray$ by a maid-s]vant's  
taunt6  ,pet]'s conduct on ?is occasion1
 z (t5 on o!r occasions1 %[$ h[ poor a  
guide en?usiasm is :5 x is n in=m$ ) !  
m9d & _s ( ,*ri/4   ,,iv4  ,p]haps x 0  
by ! recollection ( h[ deeply he _h v[$ 
to /ick by ,*ri/1 ev5 if he %\ld h to   
die ) ,him1 t ,pet] 0 prick$ on to d    
some?+4  ,! o!rs1 h[ev]1 _h said ! same 
?+4  ,did !y rememb] x n[8  ,x is to be 
fe>$1 n3 ! app>ition ( mortal dang]     
drove ev]y?+ out ( _! m9ds b ! in/9ct ( 

self-pres]vation4  ,sometimes1 9 cases (
 sev]e illness1 especially ( m5tal      
disease1 ! curi\s effect may be         
obs]v$--t a face into :i* ye>s ( culture
 h sl[ly wr\ght ! /amp ( ref9em5t &     
dignity entirely loses ?is1 & rev]ts to 
! orig9al peasant type4  ,s ! fright (  
_! ,ma/]'s arre/1 com+ s sudd5ly on !   
pray]less & unprep>$ disciples1 undid1 =
 ! "t1 :at _! ye>s ( int]c\rse ) ,him _h
 effect$2 & !y sank back into ,galilean 
fi%]m5 aga94  ,?is 0 really :at !y 7 f !
 arre/ to ! resurrection4  ,"h aga9 _!  
conduct is 9 absolute contra/ ) _!      
,ma/]'s4 ,z a "m-bird1 :5 h] brood is   
assail$1 goes =w>d to meet ! enemy1 or z
 a good %eph]d /&s =? betwe5 8 flock &  
dang]1 s ,jesus1 :5 ,8 captors drew     
nigh1 ?rew ,himself betwe5 !m & ,8      
foll[]s4  ,x 0 p>tly ) ?is 9 view t ,he 
w5t s boldly out & conc5trat$ att5tion  
on ,himself by ! *all5ge1 ,:om seek ye8 
,:5 !y repli$1 ,jesus ( ,naz>e?1 ,he    
said1 ,i am ,he3 if !re=e ye seek ,me1  
let ^! g _! way4  ,& ! fright into :i*  

!y 7 ?r[n made !m =get ,8 foll[]s 9 _!  
anxiety to secure ,himself4  ,?is 0 z   
,he int5d$4  ,/4 ,john1 9 n>rat+ x1     
makes ! curi\s rem>k1 t ?is 0 done t !  
say+ might be fulfill$ :i* ,he spake1 ,(
 !m :i* ,?\ gave/ ,me h ,i lo/ none4    
,?is say+ occurs 9 ,8 great int]cessory 
pray]1 (f]$ at ! fir/ ,communion table2 
b 9 its orig9al place x evid5tly means t
 ,he _h lo/ none ( !m 9 a spiritual     
s5se1 :]eas "h x seems to h only ! s5se 
( los+ any ( !m by ! swords ( ! soldi]s 
or by ! cross1 if !y _h be5 arre/$ )    
,him4  ,b a deep h9t und]lies ?is       
surface mean+4  ,/4 ,john sugge/s t1 if 
any ( !m _h be5 tak5 along ) ,him1 !    
likelihood is t !y w\ld h be5 unequal to
 ! crisis3 !y w\ld h d5i$ ,him1 & s1 9 !
 sadd] s5se1 w\ld h be5 lo/4  ,jesus1   
kn[+ too well t ?is 0 ! /ate ( ! case1  
made = !m a way ( escape1 & !y all =sook
 ,him & fl$4  ,x 0 p]haps z well1 = !y  
might h done worse4  ,yet :at an        
anticlimax to ! assev]ation :i* ev]yone 
( !m _h made t v ev5+1 ,if ,i %\ld die )

 ,!e1 ,i w n d5y ,!e 9 any wise6  ,i h  
sometimes ?\ght :at an hon\r x w\ld h   
be5 to ,*ri/ianity1 :at a gold5 leaf 9 !
 hi/ory ( human nature1 _h "o or two (  
!m--say1 ! bro!rs ,james & ,john--be5   
/rong en\gh to g ) ,him to prison & to  
dea?4  ,we %\ld1 inde$1 h miss$ ,/4     
,john's writ+s 9 t case--8 ,revelation1 
,gospel & ,epi/les4  ,b :at a revelation
 t w\ld h be51 :at a gospel1 :at a liv+ 
epi/le6  ,x 0 n1 h[ev]1 to be4  ,jesus  
_h to g unaccompani$3 ,i h trodd5 !     
w9epress alone2 & ( ! p !re 0 none )    
,me4 ,s !y b\nd ,him & l$ ,him away4    
#a ,speiracohors1 t5? "p ( legion4  ,see
 ,ramsay1 ,r4,a41 #cha4  #b katephiles54
  ,x is us$ ( ! woman :o 0 a s9n]1 :5 %e
 kiss$ ! feet ( ! ,savi\r4  #c ,psalm   
lv4 #ac-ad4  #d ,o!r in/ances 9 ,ssk9d1 
,passionss*ule1 9 loc4  #e ,see full]   
details 9 ,imago ,*ri/i1 la/ *apt]4     
,,*apt] ,,ii4  ,,! ,,ecclesia/ical      
,,trial  ,ov] ! ,k$ron1 up ! slope to ! 
city1 ?r\gh ! gates1 along ! sil5t      
/reets1 ! procession pass$1 ) ,jesus 9 !

 mid/2 midnight /raggl]s1 p]haps1 hurry+
 =w>d f po9t to po9t to ask :at 0 ado1 &
 pe]+ t[>ds ! ,prison]'s face1 be=e !y  
div]g$ aga9 t[>ds _! own homes4#a  ,he 0
 conduct$ to ! resid5ce ( ! high prie/1 
:]e ,8 trial ensu$4  ,jesus _h to und]go
 two trials--! "o ecclesia/ical1 ! o!r  
civil2 ! "o be=e ,caiaphas ! high prie/1
 ! o!r be=e ,pontius ,pilate ! gov]nor4 
,! reason ( ?is 01 t ,judaea 0 at t "t  
"u ,roman rule1 =m+ a portion ( ! ,roman
 prov9ce ( ,syria & adm9i/]$ by a ,roman
 (ficial1 :o resid$ 9 ! spl5did new     
seaport ( ,caes>ea1 fifty miles away f  
,j]usalem1 b _h also a palace 9         
,j]usalem1 :i* he occasionally visit$4  
,x 0 n ! policy ( ,rome to /rip !       
c\ntries ( :i* %e became mi/ress ( all  
p[]4  ,%e flatt]$ !m by leav+ 9 _! h&s  
at lea/ ! insignia ( self-gov]nm5t1 & %e
 conc$$ to !m z mu* home rule z 0       
compatible ) ! ret5tion ( h] p>am\nt    
au?ority4  ,%e 0 specially tol]ant 9    
matt]s ( religion4  ,?us ! anci5t       
ecclesia/ical tribunal ( ! ,jews1 !     

,sanh$rim1 0 /ill all[$ to try all      
religi\s que/ions & puni% (f5d]s4       
,only1 if ! s5t5ce *anc$ to be a capital
 "o1 ! case _h to be re-tri$ by !       
gov]nor1 & ! c>ry+ out ( ! s5t5ce1 if x 
0 confirm$1 devolv$ ^u him4  ,x 0 at !  
in/ance ( ! ecclesia/ical au?orities t  
,jesus 0 arre/$1 & !y condemn$ ,him to  
dea?2 b !y 7 n at lib]ty to c>ry out _! 
s5t5ce3 !y _h to take ,him be=e ,pilate1
 :o *anc$ at ! "t to be 9 ! city1 & he  
tri$ ! case ov] aga91 !y ( c\rse be+ !  
accus]s at 8 b>4  ,n only 7 !re two     
trials1 b 9 ea* trial !re 7 ?ree sep>ate
 /ages or acts4  ,9 ! fir/1 or          
ecclesia/ical trial1 ,jesus _h fir/ to  
appe> be=e ,annas1 !n be=e ,caiaphas & !
 ,sanh$rim dur+ ! night1 & aga9 be=e !  
same body aft] daybreak4  ,& 9 ! second1
 or civil trial1 ,he appe>$ fir/ be=e   
,pilate1 :o refus$ to confirm ! judgm5t 
( ! ,jews2 !n ,pilate attempt$ to rid   
himself ( ! case by s5d+ ! ,culprit to  
,h]od ( ,galilee1 :o happ5$ also to be  
at ! "t 9 ,j]usalem2 b ! case came back 

to ! ,roman gov]nor aga91 &1 aga9/ 8    
consci5ce1 he confirm$ ! capital s5t5ce4
  ,b let me expla9 m fully :at 7 ! ?ree 
acts 9 ! ecclesia/ical trial4#b  ,jesus1
 we are in=m$ by ,/4 ,john1 0 tak5 fir/ 
to ,annas4  ,?is 0 an old man ( sev5ty  
ye>s1 :o _h be5 high prie/ tw5ty ye>s   
be=e4  ,z _m z five ( 8 sons succe$$ him
 9 ?is (fice1 :i* at t p]iod 0 n a life 
appo9tm5t1 b 0 g5]ally held only = a    
%ort "t2 & ! reign+ high prie/ at ?is   
"t1 ,caiaphas1 0 8 son-9-law4  ,annas 0 
a man ( v great consequ5ce1 ! virtual   
head ( ecclesia/ical affairs1 ?\gh      
,caiaphas 0 ! nom9al head4  ,he _h come 
orig9ally f ,alex&ria 9 ,egypt on !     
invitation ( ,h]od ! ,great4  ,he & 8   
family 7 an able1 ambiti\s & arrogant   
race4  ,z _! numb]s multipli$1 !y became
 a sort ( rul+ ca/e1 pu%+ !mselves into 
all important (fices4  ,!y 7 ,sadducees1
 & 7 p]fect types ( t p>ty--cold1       
haughty1 worldly4  ,!y 7 int5sely       
unpopul> 9 ! c\ntry2 b !y 7 fe>$ z mu* z
 !y 7 dislik$4  ,gre$y ( ga91 !y gr\nd !

 p ) heavy ritual impo/s4  ,x is said t 
! traffic )9 ! c\rts ( ! temple1 :i*    
,jesus condemn$ s /]nly a few days be=e1
 0 c>ri$ on n only ) _! connivance b =  
_! enri*m5t4  ,if ?is 0 ! case1 !       
conduct ( ,jesus on t occasion may h    
pr(\ndly inc5s$ ! high-prie/ly ca/e     
aga9/ ,him4  ,inde$1 x 0 probably ! dep?
 ( 8 hatr$ :i* made ,annas wi% to see   
,jesus 9 ! h&s ( ju/ice4  ,! w>y        
,sadducee _h 9 all likelihood tak5 a    
lead+ "p 9 ! transaction ) ,judas & 9 ! 
s5d+ out ( ! troops = ,*ri/'s           
appreh5sion4  ,he1 !re=e1 wait$ out ( b$
 to see :at ! up%ot 0 to be2 & ^? :o    
took ,jesus br\ght ,him to ,annas fir/4 
,b :atev] int]rogation ,annas may h     
subject$ ,him to 0 entirely in=mal4#c   
,x all[$ "t1 h[ev]1 to get toge!r !     
,sanh$rim4  ,mess5g]s 7 dispat*$ to sc\r
 ! city = ! memb]s at ! midnight h\r1   
because ! case 0 urg5t & c\ld n brook   
delay4  ,none knew :at might happ5 if ! 
multitude1 :5 x awoke 9 ! morn+1 f\nd ! 
popul> ,tea*] 9 ! h&s ( ,8 unpopul>     

enemies4  ,b1 if ! trial 7 all ov] be=e 
daybreak & ,jesus already 9 ! /rong h&s 
( ! ,romans be=e ! multitude _h le>nt t 
any?+ 0 go+ on1 !re w\ld be no?+ to fe>4
  ,s ! ,sanh$rim 0 assembl$ "u cl\d (   
night2 & ! proce$+s w5t =w>d 9 ! small  
h\rs ( ! morn+ 9 ! h\se ( ,caiaphas1 to 
:i* ,jesus _h be5 remov$4  ,?is 0 n     
/rictly legal1 h[ev]1 because ! lett] ( 
! law did n all[ ?is c\rt to meet by    
night4  ,on ?is acc\nt1 al?\gh !        
proce$+s 7 complete & ! s5t5ce agre$ ^u 
dur+ ! night1 x 0 consid]$ necess>y to  
hold ano!r sitt+ at daybreak4 ,?is 0 !  
?ird /age ( ! trial2 b x 0 m]ely a brief
 rehe>sal1 = =m's sake1 ( :at _h be5    
already done4#d ,!re=e1 we mu/ return to
 ! proce$+s dur+ ! night1 :i* conta9 !  
k]nel ( ! matt]4  ,imag9e1 !n1 a l>ge   
room =m+ "o side ( ! c\rt ( an ,ori5tal 
h\se1 f :i* x is sep>at$ only by a r[ ( 
pill>s1 s t :at is go+ on 9 ! light$    
int]ior is visible to ^? outside4  ,!   
room is semicircul>4  ,r\nd ! arc ( !   
semicircle ! half-hundr$ or m#e memb]s  

sit on a divan4  ,caiaphas1 ! presid5t1 
occupies a k9d ( ?rone 9 ! c5tre ( !    
opposite wall4  ,9 front /&s ! ,accus$1 
fac+ him1 ) ! jail]s on ! "o side & !   
witnesses on ! o!r4  ,h[ ought any trial
 to comm5ce8  ,surely ) a cle> /atem5t (
 ! crime alleg$ & ) ! production (      
witnesses to support ! *>ge4  ,b1 in/ead
 ( beg9n+ 9 ?is way1 ! high prie/ ask$  
,jesus ( ,8 disciples & ( ,8 doctr9e4   
,! ins9uation 0 t ,he 0 multiply+       
disciples = "s secret design & tea*+ !m 
a secret doctr9e1 :i* might be con/ru$  
into a project ( revolution4  ,jesus1   
/ill ?robb+ ) ! indignity ( be+ arre/$  
"u cl\d ( night1 z if ,he 7 anxi\s to   
escape1 & by a =ce s l>ge z to sugge/ t 
,he 0 ! head ( a revolution>y b&1       
repli$1 ) l(ty self-consci\sness1 ,:y   
aske/ ?\ ,me8  ,ask !m t he>d ,me :at ,i
 h said unto !m2 behold1 !y "k :at ,i   
said4  ,:y _h !y arre/$ ,him if !y _h   
yet to le>n :at ,he _h said & done8  ,!y
 7 try+ to make ,him out to be an       
und]gr\nd s*em]2 b !y1 ) _! arre/s 9    

secrecy & _! midnight trials1 7 !mselves
 ! sons ( d>kness4  ,su* simple &       
c\rage\s spee* 0 ali5 to t place1 :i*   
knew only ! :9+ ( suppliants1 ! smoo?   
flatt]ies ( sycophants1 & ! diplomatic  
phrases ( advocates2 & a jail]1 p]haps  
see+ ! indignant blu% m\nt into ! face (
 ! high prie/1 cl5*$ 8 fi/ & /ruck      
,jesus on ! m\?1 ask+1 ,answ]e/ ,?\ !   
high prie/ s8  ,poor hirel+6 bett] = him
 t 8 h& _h )]$ ere x /ruck t bl[4       
,almo/ ! same ?+ once happ5$ to ,/4     
,paul 9 ! same place1 & he c\ld n help  
hurl+ back a /++ epi!t ( contempt &     
indignation4  ,jesus 0 betray$ into no  
su* loss ( temp]4  ,b :at %all be said (
 a tribunal1 & an ecclesia/ical         
tribunal1 :i* c\ld all[ an untri$       
,prison] to be ?us abus$ 9 op5 c\rt by  
"o ( its m9ions8  ,! high prie/ _h1     
h[ev]1 be5 /opp$ on ! tack :i* he _h    
fir/ tri$1 & 0 compell$ to d :at he     
ought to h begun )--to call witnesses4  
,b ?is1 too1 turn$ out a pitiful        
failure4 ,!y _h n _h "t to get a *>ge   

prop]ly made out & witnesses cit$2 & !re
 0 no "t to wait4  ,evid5ce _h to be    
extemporiz$2 & x 0 swept up app>5tly f !
 und]l+s & hang]s on ( ! c\rt4  ,x is   
expressly said by ,/4 ,mat!w t !y s\ght 
false witness aga9/ ,jesus to put ,him  
to dea?4  ,to put ,him to dea? 0 :at 9  
_! he>ts !y 7 resolv$ ^u1--!y 7 only    
try+ to trump up a legal pretext1 & !y 7
 n scrupul\s4  ,! attempt 01 h[ev]1 f> f
 successful4  ,! witnesses c\ld n be got
 to agree toge!r or to tell a consi/5t  
/ory4  ,_m 7 tri$1 b ! fiasco grew m & m
 ridicul\s4  ,at l5g? two 7 got to agree
 ab\t some?+ !y _h he>d f ,him1 out (   
:i*1 x 0 hop$1 a *>ge c\ld be con/ruct$4
  ,!y _h he>d ,him say1 ,i w de/roy ?is 
temple t is made ) h&s1 & )9 ?ree days  
,i w build ano!r made )\t h&s4  ,x 0 a  
s5t5ce ( ,8 e>ly m9i/ry1 obvi\sly ( high
 poetic mean+1 :i* !y 7 reproduc+ z !   
vulg>e/ prose2 al?\gh1 ev5 ?us          
int]pret$1 x is difficult to see :at !y 
c\ld h made ( x2 because1 if ! fir/ half
 ( x meant t ,he 0 to de/roy ! temple1 !

 second promis$ to re/ore x aga94  ,!   
high prie/ saw too well t !y 7 mak+ no?+
 ( x2 &1 />t+ up & spr++ =w>d1 he dem&$ 
( ,jesus1 ,answ]e/ ,?\ no?+8  ,:at is x 
:i* ^! witness aga9/ ,!e8  ,he affect$  
to believe t x 0 some?+ ( enormity t _h 
be5 alleg$2 b x 0 really because he knew
 t no?+ c\ld be f\nd$ on x t he gave way
 to su* unseemly excitem5t4  ,jesus _h  
look$ on 9 absolute sil5ce :ile !       
witnesses aga9/ ,him 7 annihilat+ "o    
ano!r2 nor did ,he n[ answ] a ^w 9      
response to ! high prie/'s int]ruption4 
,he did n ne$ to speak3 sil5ce spoke    
bett] ?an ! l\de/ words c\ld h done4  ,x
 br\ght home to ,8 judges !             
ridicul\sness & ! %amefulness ( _!      
position4  ,ev5 _! h>d5$ consci5ces     
began to be uneasy1 z t calm ,face look$
 d[n on !m & _! proc$ure ) sil5t        
dignity4 ,x 0 by ! uneas9ess :i* he 0   
feel+ t ! high prie/ 0 made s l\d &     
%rill4  ,9 %ort1 he _h be5 beat5 along  
?is second l9e q z completely z he _h   
be5 along ! fir/4  ,b he _h /ill a la/  

c>d1 & n[ he play$ x4  ,return+ to 8    
?rone & confront+ ,jesus ) !atrical     
solemnity1 he said1 ,i adjure ,!e by !  
liv+ ,god t ,?\ tell u :e!r ,?\ be !    
,*ri/1 ! ,son ( ,god4  ,t is to say1 he 
put ,him on oa? to tell :at ,he claim$  
to be2 = among ! ,jews ! oa? 0 pron\nc$ 
by ! judge1 n by ! prison]4  ,?is 0 "o (
 ! great mom5ts 9 ! life ( ,*ri/4       
,app>5tly ,he recognis$ ! "r ( ! high   
prie/ to put ,him on oa?2 or at lea/ ,he
 saw t sil5ce n[ might be con/ru$ into !
 )drawal ( ,8 claims4  ,he knew1 inde$1 
t ! "q 0 put m]ely = ! purpose (        
incrim9at+ ,him1 & t to answ] x meant   
dea? to ,himself4  ,b ,he :o _h sil5c$  
^? by :om ! title ( ,messiah _h be5 ?ru/
 ^u ,him1 :5 !y wi%$ to make ,him a k+1 
n[ claim$ ! title :5 x 0 ! signal =     
condemnation4  ,decid$ly & solemnly ,he 
answ]$1 ,yes1 ,i am2 &1 z if ! crisis _h
 caus$ )9 ,him a great access (         
self-consci\sness1 ,he proce$$1 ,h]eaft]
 %all ye see ! ,son ( ,man sitt+ on ! "r
 h& ( p[] & com+ 9 ! cl\ds ( heav54 #f  

,= ! mom5t !y 7 ,8 judges1 b "o day ,he 
w\ld be _! ,judge2 x 0 only ( ,8 e>?ly  
life t !y c\ld dispose1 b ,he w\ld h to 
dispose ( _! et]nal de/9y4  ,x has (t5  
be5 said t ,*ri/ians h claim$ = ,*ri/   
:at ,he nev] claim$ = ,himself2 t ,he   
nev] claim$ to be any m ?an a man1 b !y 
h made ,him a ,god4  ,b ?is great       
/atem5t1 made ^u oa?1 mu/ impress e     
hone/ m9d4  ,e ef=t has1 inde$1 be5 made
 to deplete its t]ms ( _! importance &  
to r$uce !m to ! l[e/ possible value4   
,x is argu$1 = example1 t1 :5 ! high    
prie/ ask$ if ,he 7 ! ,son ( ,god1 he   
meant no m ?an :5 he ask$ if ,he 7 !    
,*ri/4  ,b :at is to be said ( ,*ri/'s  
description ( ,himself z sitt+ on ! "r  
h& ( p[] & com+ 9 ! cl\ds ( heav58  ,c  
,he :o is to be ! ,judge ( m51 se>*+ _! 
he>ts to ! bottom1 e/imat+ ! value ( _! 
p]=mances1 &1 9 accordance ) ^!         
e/imates1 fix+ _! et]nal /ation &       
degree1 be a m]e man8  ,! greate/ & !   
wise/ ( m5 are well aw>e t 9 ! hi/ory ( 
e bro!r man1 & ev5 9 ! he>t ( a little  

*ild1 !re are secrets & my/]ies :i* !y  
_c fa?om4  ,no m]e man c accurately     
measure ! "* ( a fell[-creature2 he _c  
ev5 e/imate 8 own4  ,h[ ?is great       
confession lifts ! :ole sc5e6  ,we see  
no long] ^! small m5 & _! sordid        
proce$+s2 b ! ,son ( man be>+ witness to
 ,himself 9 ! audi5ce ( ! univ]se4  ,h[ 
little we c>e n[ :at ! ,jewi% judges w  
say ab\t ,him6  ,?is great confession   
rev]b]ates d[n ! ages1 & ! he>t ( ! _w1 
z x he>s x f ,8 lips1 says1 ,am54  ,!   
high prie/ _h a*iev$ 8 end at la/4  ,z a
 high prie/ 0 expect$ to d :5 he he>d   
blasphemy1 he r5t 8 clo!s1 &1 turn+ to 8
 colleagues1 he said1 ,:at ne$ h we (   
witnesses8 behold1 n[ ye h he>d ,8      
blasphemy4  ,& !y all ass5t$ t ,jesus 0 
guilty1 & t ! s5t5ce mu/ be dea?4       
,sometimes good-he>t$ ,bible-read]s1 9  
p]us+ ^! sc5es1 are tr\bl$ ) ! ?\ght t !
 judges ( ,jesus 7 consci5ti\s4 ,0 x n  
_! duty1 :5 anyone came =w>d )          
,messianic pret5sions1 to judge :e!r or 
n 8 claim 0 j8 & did !y n hone/ly       

believe t ,jesus 0 n :at ,he pr(ess$ to 
be8  ,no d\bt !y did hone/ly believe s4 
,we mu/ asc5d to a mu* e>li] p]iod to be
 able to judge _! conduct accurately4   
,x 0 :5 ! claims ( ,jesus 7 fir/        
submitt$ to !m t !y w5t a/ray4 ,he1 be+ 
su* z ,he 01 c\ld only h be5 welcom$ &  
appreciat$ by expectant1 receptive1 holy
 m9ds4  ,! ecclesia/ical au?orities (   
,judaea 9 t age 7 any?+ b expectant1    
receptive & holy4 ,!y 7 totally         
incapable ( und]/&+ ,him1 & saw no      
beauty t !y %\ld desire ,him4  ,z ,he   
(t5 told !m ,himself1 be+ su* z !y 71 !y
 c\ld n believe4  ,! fault lay n s mu* 9
 :at !y did z 9 :at !y 74  ,be+ 9 !     
wrong pa?1 !y w5t =w>d to ! end4  ,x may
 be said t !y walk$ accord+ to _! light2
 b ! light t 0 9 !m 0 d>kness4  ,_!     
proce$+s1 h[ev]1 on ?is occasion w n t5d
 to s(t5 ! he>t ( anyone :o looks into  
!m c>efully4  ,!y _h h>dly ! lea/ %[ (  
ju/ice4  ,!re 0 no regul> *>ge or regul>
 evid5ce1 & no ?\ght :atev] ( all[+ !   
,accus$ to br+ c\nt]-evid5ce2 ! same    

p]sons 7 bo? accus]s & judges2 ! s5t5ce 
0 a =egone conclusion2 & ! entire       
proce$+s consi/$ ( a s]ies ( devices to 
=ce ! ,accus$ into "s /atem5t :i* w\ld  
supply a col\rable pretext = condemn+   
,him4#g  ,b x 0 by :at ensu$ aft] !     
s5t5ce ( condemnation 0 pass$ t ^! m5   
cut !mselves (f =ev] f ! sympa?y ( !    
tol]ant & g5]\s4  ,a c\rt ( law ought to
 be a place ( dignity2 :5 a great issue 
is tri$ & a solemn judgm5t pass$1 x     
ought to impress ! judges !mselves2 ev5 
! condemn$1 :5 a dea? s5t5ce has be5    
pass$1 ought to be h$g$ r\nd ) a c]ta9  
awe & respect4  ,b t bl[ inflict$ )     
impunity at ! comm5cem5t ( ! trial by a 
m9ion ( ! c\rt 0 too cle> an index ( !  
/ate ( m9d ( all pres5t4  ,!re 0 no     
solemnity or greatness ( any k9d 9 _!   
?\ghts2 no?+ b res5tm5t & spite at ,him 
:o _h ?w>t$ & defi$ !m1 less5$ !m 9 !   
public e/imation & /opp$ _! unholy ga9s4
  ,a p]fect sea ( su* feel+s _h long be5
 ga!r+ 9 _! he>ts2 & n[1 :5 !           
opportunity came1 x broke loose ^u ,him4

  ,!y /ruck ,him ) _! /icks2 !y spat 9  
,8 face2 !y drew some?+ ov] ,8 head &1  
smit+ ,him aga91 cri$1 ,*ri/1 prophesy  
:o smote ,!e4 #h  ,"o w\ld wi% to       
believe t x 0 only by ! mis]able und]l+s
 t su* ?+s 7 done2 b ! n>rative makes x 
too cle> t ! ma/]s l$ ! way & ! s]vants 
foll[$4  ,!re are t]rible ?+s 9 man4    
,!re are "s dep?s 9 human nature into   
:i* x is sc>cely safe to look4  ,x 0 by 
! v p]fection ( ,*ri/ t ! utt]mo/ evil (
 ,8 enemies 0 br\ght out4  ,!re is a    
passage 9 ,p>adise ,lo/1 :]e a b& (     
angels1 s5t out to sc\r ,p>adise 9 se>* 
( ,satan1 :o is hidd5 9 ! g>d51 discov] 
him 9 ! %ape ( a toad squat at ! e> (   
,eve4 ,i?uriel1 "o ( ! b&1 t\*es him ) 8
 spe>1 :]eat1 surpris$1 he />ts up 9 8  
own %ape1--          = no falsehood c   
endure   ,t\* ( cele/ial temp]1 b       
returns   ,( =ce to its own lik5ess4  ,b
 ! t\* ( p]fect goodness has (t5 !      
opposite effect3 x trans=ms ! angel into
 ! toad1 :i* is evil's own lik5ess4     
,*ri/ 0 n[ gett+ into close grips ) !   

enemy ,he _h come to ?is _w to ov]come2 
&1 z x clut*$ ,him = ! f9al wre/le1 x   
exhibit$ all its ugl9ess & dis*>g$ all  
its v5om4#i ,! claw ( ! dragon 0 9 ,8   
fle%1 & its f\l brea? 9 ,8 m\?4  ,we _c 
conceive :at su* insult & di%on\r mu/ h 
be5 to ,8 s5sitive & regal m9d4  ,b ,he 
ralli$ ,8 he>t to endure & n to fa9t2 = 
,he _h come to be ! dea? ( s91 & its    
dea? 0 to be ! salvation ( ! _w4    #a  
,"h w\ld come 9 ! curi\s little notice 9
 ,/4 ,m>k3 ,& !re foll[$ ,him a c]ta9 "y
 man1 hav+ a l95 clo? ca/ ab\t 8 nak$   
body2 & ! "y m5 laid hold on him2 & he  
left ! l95 clo? & fl$ f !m nak$2 on :i* 
,i h n comm5t$1 n well kn[+1 9 tru?1 :at
 to make ( x4  ,x may be design$ to %[ !
 rud5ess ( ! soldi]y1 & ! p]il 9 :i* any
 foll[] ( ,jesus w\ld h be5 _h he be5   
caught4  ,"s h suppos$ t ! "y man 0 ,/4 
,m>k1 & t ?is is ! pa9t]'s signature 9  
an obscure corn] ( 8 picture4  7,see    
,holzmann 9 ,h&comm5t> zum ,neu5        
,te/am5t47  ,9 ! fir/ volume ( !        
,expositor !re is a pap] on ! subject by

 ,dr4 ,cox1 b x does n ?r[ mu* light on 
x4  #b ,on ! ,sanh$rim & ! high prie/s  
see ,s*r]1 ,! ,jewi% ,p 9 ! ,"t ( ,*ri/1
 div4 ii41 vol4 i4  #c ,?is1 _m ?9k1 is 
:at is giv5 9 ,/4 ,john4  #d ,_m ?9k t  
?is is :at is giv5 9 ,/4 ,luke4  #e ,!  
full numb] 0 sev5ty-"o1 includ+ !       
presid5t4  #f ,see ,psalm cx4 #a1 &     
,dan4 vii4 #ac4  #g ,ev5 ,jo/1 ! ,jewi% 
hi/orian1 calls x a murd]2 b he does n  
believe t !re 0 an actual trial2 & 9 ?is
 ,ed]%eim agrees ) him4  #h ,9 allusion 
to ,8 claim to be ! ,messianic ,prophet4
  ,! ,roman soldi]s1 on ! o!r h&1       
ridicul$ ,8 claim to be a ,k+4  #i ,!   
c5tral figure is ! holie/ ,p]son 9      
hi/ory1 b r\nd ,him /& or /rive ! mo/   
oppos$ & contra/$ moral types4 4 4 4  ,!
 m5 :o t\* ,him 9 ?is supreme h\r ( ,8  
hi/ory d s only to h _! ess5tial "*     
disclos$4--,,fairbairn4     ,,*apt]     
,,iii4  ,,! ,,great ,,d5ial  ,to !      
ecclesia/ical trial ( our ,"l !re is a  
side-piece1 ov] :i* we mu/ l+] be=e     
proce$+ to ! civil trial4  ,at ! v h\r  

:5 9 ! hall ( ! high prie/'s h\se ,*ri/ 
0 utt]+ ,8 great confession1 "o ( ,8    
disciples 01 9 ! c\rt ( ! same build+1  
p\r+ out d5ial aft] d5ial4   ,i4  ,:5   
,jesus 0 b\nd 9 ,ge?semane & l$ away    
back to ,j]usalem1 all ,8 disciples     
=sook ,him & fl$4  ,!y disappe>$1 ,i    
suppose1 among ! bu%es & trees ( ! g>d5 
& escap$ into ! surr\nd+ c\ntry or :]ev]
 !y ?\ght !y w\ld be safe4  ,b two ( !  
,twelve--,/4 ,pet] & ,/4 ,john1 :o tells
 ! /ory--soon ralli$ f ! fir/ panic &   
foll[$1 at a di/ance1#a ! b& 9 ^: mid/  
_! ,ma/] 04  ,keep+ 9 ! %ad[ ( ! trees  
by ! roadside1 keep+ 9 ! %ad[ ( ! h\ses 
9 ! /reets1 !y /ole aft] ! mov+ mass4   
,at la/1 :5 x got ne> its de/9ation--!  
palace ( ! high prie/---!y hurri$ =w>d2 
& ,/4 ,john w5t 9 ) ! cr[d2 b someh[1   
probably ?r\gh irresolution1 ,/4 ,pet] 0
 left outside 9 ! /reet2 & ! door 0 %ut4
  ,to und]/& :at foll[s1 x is necess>y  
to describe m 9 detail ! con/ruction (  
su* a h\se z ! high prie/'s palace2 = x 
0 v unlike mo/ ( our h\ses4  ,a ,we/]n  

h\se looks into ! /reet1 b an ,ori5tal  
into its own int]ior1 hav+ no op5+ to ! 
front except a great ar*$ gateway1 %ut )
 a heavy door or gate4 ,:5 ?is door is  
op5$1 x discloses a broad passage1      
p5etrat+ ! front build+ & lead+ into a  
squ>e1 pav$ c\rty>d1 op5 to ! sky1 r\nd 
:i* ! h\se is built1 & into :i* its     
rooms1 bo? up/airs & d[n/airs1 look4  ,a
 simil> arrangem5t is to be se5 9 "s    
l>ge w>eh\ses 9 our own cities1 or y may
 h se5 x 9 l>ge hotels on ! ,cont95t4   
,x only requires to be add$ t on ! side 
( ! passage1 inside ! out] gate1 !re is 
a room or lodge = ! port] or portress1  
:o op5s & %uts ! gate2 & 9 ! gate !re is
 a little wicket by :i* individuals c be
 let 9 or out4  ,:5 ! b& conduct+ ,jesus
 appe>$ 9 front ( ! palace1 no d\bt !   
portress op5$ ! l>ge gate to admit !m & 
!n %ut x aga94  ,!y pass$ "u ! ar*way   
into ! c\rt1 :i* !y cross$1 & !n ent]$  
"o ( ! ap>tm5ts ov]look+ ! c\rty>d4  ,b 
! police & o!r und]l+s employ$ 9 !      
arre/1 _! "w be+ n[ done1 /ay$ outside1 

&1 z x 0 midnight & ! wea!r 0 cold1 !y  
light$ a fire !re "u ! op5 sky &1 ga!r+ 
r\nd x1 began to w>m !mselves4  ,z has  
be5 said1 ,john w5t 9 ?r\gh ! gate ) !  
cr[d1 b ,pet] 0 someh[ %ut out4  ,john1 
:o seems to h occupi$ a high] social    
position ?an ! re/ ( ! ,twelve1 0 kn[n  
to ! high prie/1 &1 !re=e1 probably 0   
acqua9t$ ) ! palace & knew ! s]vants2 &1
 :5 he notic$ t ,pet] _h be5 left out1  
he w5t to ! portress & got h] to let him
 9 by ! wicket-gate4  ,x 0 a fri5dly    
act2 & yet1 z ! ev5t prov$1 x 0         
un9t5tionally an ill turn3 ,john l$     
,pet] into temptation4  ,! be/ ( fri5ds 
may d ?is sometimes to "o ano!r2 = !    
situation into :i* "o man may ent] )\t  
p]il may be dang]\s to ano!r4  ,"o man  
may m+le freely 9 company :i* ano!r _c  
ent] )\t t]rible risks4  ,!re are       
amusem5ts 9 :i* "o ,*ri/ian c take "p1  
?\gh !y w\ld ru9 ano!r if he t\*$ !m4   
,a m9d matur$ & discipl9$ may read books
 :i* w\ld k9dle ! fire ( hell 9 a m9d   
less exp]i5c$4  ,!re are always two ?+s 

t g to ! mak+ ( a temptation3 !re is !  
p>ticul> set ( circum/ances to be       
enc\nt]$ on ! "o h&1 & !re is ! peculi> 
"* or hi/ory ( ! p]son ent]+ into !     
situation on ! o!r4  ,we ne$ to rememb] 
?is if we are to def5d ei!r ourselves or
 o!rs aga9/ temptation4   ,,ii4  ,john  
no d\bt1 z soon z he got ,pet] inside ! 
door1 hurri$ away across ! c\rt into !  
hall :]e ,jesus 01 to witness !         
proce$+s4  ,n s ,pet]4  ,he 0 n famili> 
) ! place z ,john 02 & he _h ! %yness ( 
a pla9 man at ! sight ( ! inside ( a    
great h\se4  ,besides1 he 0 "u fe> ( be+
 recogniz$ z a foll[] ( ,*ri/ &         
appreh5d$4  ,n[ also ! unlucky bl[ he _h
 made at ,mal*us at ! gate ( ,ge?semane 
_h to be paid =1 because x greatly      
increas$ 8 *ance ( detection4  ,he      
rema9$1 !re=e1 j inside ! great door1   
wat*+ f ! %ad[s ( ! ar*way :at 0 go+ on 
inside1 &1 )\t kn[+ x1 himself be+ wat*$
 by ! portress f h] coigne ( vantage4   
,he 0 ill at ease2 = he did n "k :at to 
d4  ,he did n d>e to g1 l ,john1 into ! 

judgm5t-hall4  ,p]haps he half wi%$ he  
c\ld get out into ! /reet aga94  ,he 0 9
 a trap4  ,at la/ he /roll$ =w>d to !   
gr\p r\nd ! fire &1 sitt+ d[n among !m1 
comm5c$ to w>m himself4  ,x 0 a         
miscellane\s gr\p !re 9 ! gl>e ( ! fire1
 & no notice 0 tak5 ( him4 ,he took 8   
place z if he 7 "o ( !m4  ,x 01 h[ev]1 a
 dang]\s situation 9 ano!r s5se ?an he  
suppos$4  ,x 0 ( bodily p]il he 0 9     
t]ror2 he did n anticipate dang] to 8   
s\l2 yet ?is 0 v ne>4  ,x is always     
dang]\s :5 a foll[] ( ,*ri/ is sitt+    
among ,*ri/'s enemies )\t lett+ x be    
kn[n :at he is4  ,bless$ is ! man t     
walke? n 9 ! c\nsel ( ! ungodly1 nor    
/&e? 9 ! way ( s9n]s1 nor sitte? 9 !    
seat ( ! scornful4  ,x is m ?an probable
 t :5 ,pet] sat d[n ! air 0 r++ ) je/ & 
laught] ab\t ,jesus2 b he did n         
int]rupt3 he kept sil5ce & tri$ to look 
z l "o ( ! scorn]s z he c\ld4  ,b n to  
confess ,*ri/ is ! next /ep to d5y+     
,him4  ,temptation1 z is its wont1 came 
sudd5ly & f ! mo/ unexpect$ qu>t]4  ,z  

has be5 said1 :5 he 0 skulk+ b5ea? !    
ar*way1 8 movem5ts 7 not$ by ! portress4
  ,!y 7 suspici\s1 & %e1 ) a woman's    
clev]ness1 div9$ 8 secret4  ,accord+ly1 
:5 %e 0 reliev$ at h] po/ by ano!r maid1
 %e n only po9t$ him out to ?is         
companion & communicat$ to h] :at %e    
?\ght ab\t him1 b1 9 pass+ to h] room1  
%e w5t up to ! fire among ! soldi]s &1  
look+ him /raight 9 ! face1 said1 ) a   
malici\s tw9kle 9 h] eye1 ,?is is "o ( !
 ,naz>5e's foll[]s4  ,pet] 0 tak5       
completely by surprise4  ,x 0 z if a    
mask _h be5 torn f 8 face4  ,9 a mom5t !
 in/9ct ( t]ror seiz$ him2 p]haps1 too1 
! in/9ct ( %ame at be+ ?\ght a disciple 
( ,him !y 7 mock+4  ,inde$1 !re 0 a     
fur!r %ame3 h[ c\ld he confess himself !
 disciple ( ! ,ma/] :om he _h he>d      
blasphem$ )\t prote/8  ,he _h d5i$ 8    
,ma/] 9 act be=e he d5i$ ,him 9 ^w2 & ! 
prec$+ act made ! ^w also necess>y4  ,i 
d n "k :at y mean1 he said1 ) a surly   
fr[n2 & away %e tripp$ laugh+1 hav+ done
 h] "w q successfully4  ,none pursu$ !  

subject4  ,b ,pet] 0 uneasy1 & took !   
e>lie/ opportunity ( escap+ f !         
fireside4  ,he w5t away into ! ar*way1  
int5d+ app>5tly1 if he c\ld1 to get out 
( ! place altoge!r4  ,b "h ! trap 0     
clos$2 = ! o!r maid1 ^: att5tion _h be5 
direct$ to him1 & :o may h be5 laugh+ f 
a di/ance at h] neighb\r's sally1 0 /&+ 
at ! door ( h] lodge1 ) two or ?ree m52 
&1 po9t+ him out to !m z he came =w>d1  
%e said1 ,t is "o ( ! ,naz>5e's foll[]s4
  ,poor ,pet]6 fell$ to ! gr\nd a second
 "t by ! t\* ( a woman's h&4  ,b h[ (t5 
has ! saucy tongue & je]+ laugh ( a     
woman made a man a%am$ ( ! highe/ &     
holie/6  ,pet] flung at h] an angry oa? 
&1 turn+ on 8 heel1 w5t back aga9 to !  
fire4  ,he 0 n[ completely panic-/rick51
 & lo/ all self-control4  ,he 0 boil+ ) 
conflict+ emotions & c\ld n keep quiet4 
,assum+ an air ( defiance & indiff]5ce1 
he plung$ into ! conv]sation1 speak+    
l\dly to ?r[ (f suspicion1 b really     
defeat+ 8 own object2 = he drew att5tion
 on himself1 & !y scann$ him ! m n>r[ly 

! m excit$ he became4  ,a relative (    
,mal*us1 ^: e> he _h cut (f1 recognis$  
him4  ,8 l\d c\ntry voice & r\gh        
,galilean acc5t ar\s$ ! suspicions (    
o!rs4  ,to bait su* a pret5d] 0 a       
welcome div]sion 9 ! idle night1 & soon 
!y 7 all 9 full cry aft] ! qu>ry4  ,pet]
 0 ?or\ghly lo/2 l a bull 9 ! ar5a      
attack$ & /abb$ on e side1 he became    
bl9d ) rage1 t]ror & %ame2 &1 p\r+ out  
d5ials1 he add$ to !m oa?s & curses     
hurl$ at 8 adv]s>ies4  ,! latt] elem5t  
01 no d\bt1 ! resurrection ( an old     
fi%]man's habit1 long s9ce dead & buri$4
  ,pet] 0 j ! man likely to be a pr(ane 
swe>] 9 8 y\?--! headlong man ( temp]1  
:o likes to say a ?+ ) z mu* emphasis & 
exagg]ation z possible4  ,?is is a s9 ^:
 p[] is g5]ally brok5 in/antly at       
conv]sion4  ,:ile !re are s9s :i* l+] on
 = ye>s & require to be crucifi$ by     
in*es1 pr(ane swe>+ (t5 dies an         
in/antane\s dea?4  ,b ev5 9 ?is case x  
is difficult to get quit ( ! evil pa/4  
,9 ,pet] ?is s9 may h seem$ to die at 8 

conv]sion2 = ye>s x _h be5 dead & buri$2
 yet1 :5 ! fav\rable mom5t came1 lo &   
behold1 !re x 0 aga9 9 vigor\s life4    
,old habits ( s9 are h>d to kill4  ,we  
seem to h kill$ & buri$ !m2 b d y n     
sometimes he> a knock+ b5ea? ! gr\nd8 d 
y n feel ! dead ?+ turn+ 9 its c(f91 &  
see ! e>? mov+ above its grave8  ,?is is
 ! p5alty ( ! days giv5 to ! fle%4      
,till 8 dy+ day ! man :o has be5 a      
drunk>d or a =nicator1 a li> or a swe>]1
 w h to keep wat* & w>d ov] ! gravey>d 9
 :i* he has buri$ ! pa/4  ,yet !re 0 a  
k9d ( me?od 9 ! madness ( ,pet]'s       
pr(anity4 ,:5 he want$ to prove t he 0  
none ( ,*ri/'s1 he c\ld n d bett] ?an   
take to curs+4  ,!y did n cr$it 8       
ass]tions t he _h no connection ) 8     
,ma/]1 b !y c\ld n help believ+ 8 s9s4  
,nobody belong+ to ,jesus1 !y knew1 w\ld
 speak z ,pet] 0 do+4  ,x is "o ( !     
/ronge/ te/imonies to ,jesus /ill1 t ev5
 ^? :o d n believe 9 ,him expect        
cleanness ( spee* & ( conduct f ,8      
foll[]s1 & are a/oni%$ if ^? :o be> ,8  

"n d ?+s :i* :5 done by o!rs are matt]s 
( c\rse4   ,,iv4  ,:ile ,pet] 0 9 ! mid/
 ( ?is outbreak ( d5ial & pr(anity1     
sudd5ly he saw ! eyes ( 8 torm5tors     
turn$ away f him to ano!r object4#b  ,x 
0 ,jesus1 :om ,8 enemies _h condemn$ 9 !
 neighb\r+ judgm5t-hall1 & :om !y 7 n[  
lead+1 amid/ bl[s & reproa*es1 across ! 
c\rty>d to ! gu>d-room1 :]e ,he 0 to be 
kept = two or ?ree h\rs till a subsequ5t
 /age ( ,8 trial came on4  ,z ,jesus    
/epp$ d[n out ( ! hall into ! c\rty>d1  
,8 e> _h caught ! acc5ts ( ,8 disciple1 
&1 /ung ) unutt]able angui%1 ,he turn$  
quickly r\nd 9 ! direction :5ce ! s\nds 
proce$$4  ,at ! same mom5t ,pet] turn$1 
& !y look$ "o ano!r full 9 ! face4      
,jesus did n speak2 = a s+le syllable1  
ev5 ( surprise1 w\ld h betray$ ,8       
disciple4  ,nor c\ld ,he l+]2 = !       
soldi]s 7 hurry+ ,him on4  ,b = a s+le  
in/ant _! eyes met1 & s\l look$ into    
s\l4  ,:o %all say :at 0 9 t look (     
,*ri/8#c  ,!re may be a _w 9 a look4  ,x
 may be m eloqu5t ?an a :ole volume (   

words4  ,x may reveal f> m ?an ! lips c 
ev] utt]4  ,"o s\l may give itself away 
to ano!r 9 a look4  ,a look may beatify 
or plunge 9 ! dep?s ( despair4  ,! look 
( ,jesus 0 a talisman dissolv+ ! spell 9
 :i* ,pet] 0 held4  ,s9 is always a k9d 
( tempor>y madness2 & x 0 manife/ly s 9 
?is case4  ,pet] 0 s bewild]$ ) t]ror1  
ang] & excitem5t t he did n "k :at he 0 
do+4  ,b ! look ( ,jesus br\ght him to  
himself1 & imm$iately he act$ l a man4  
,he made at once = ! exit ) impetu\s    
spe$4#d  ,& n[ no?+ /ood 9 8 way3 he got
 pa/ ! maid & h] companions )\t tr\ble4 
,=1 inde$1 ! trap ( temptation is only  
an illusion4  ,to a resolute man x      
pres5ts no ob/acles4  ,b fur!r1 ! look (
 ,*ri/ 0 a mirror 9 :i* ,pet] saw       
himself4  ,he saw :at ,*ri/ ?\ght ( him4
  ,! pa/ came ru%+ back4  ,he 0 ! man   
:o1 9 a great & nev]-to-be-=gott5 mom5t1
 _h confess$ ,*ri/ & e>n$ ,8 he>ty      
recognition4  ,he 0 ! man :o1 a few h\rs
 ago1 _h v[$1 above all ! re/1 t he nev]
 w\ld d5y 8 ,ma/]4  ,& n[ he _h des]t$  

,him & w\nd$ ,him to ! he>t 9 ,8 utmo/  
ne$4  ,he _h plac$ himself among ,8     
enemies z "o ( !mselves &1 ) oa?s &     
curses1 trodd5 ,8 sacr$ "n b5ea? 8 feet4
  ,he _h put (f ! disciple & rev]t$ to !
 rud5ess ( 8 godless y\?4  ,he 0 a      
p]jur$ traitor4  ,all ?is 0 9 t look (  
,*ri/4  ,b !re 0 f> m 9 x4  ,x 0 a      
rescu+ look4  ,if any fri5d _h met ,pet]
 ru%+ out f ! sc5e ( 8 s91 he might well
 h be5 t]rifi$ = :at might happ54  ,:]e 
0 he ru%+ to8  ,0 x to ! precipice ov]  
:i* ,judas plung$ n _m h\rs aft]w>ds8   
,pet] 0 n v f> f t4  ,_h x be5 an angry 
look he saw on ,*ri/'s face :5 _! eyes  
met1 ?is might h be5 8 fate4  ,b !re 0 n
 a sp>k ( ang] 9 x4  ,!re 0 pa91 no     
d\bt1 & !re 0 immeasurable disappo9tm5t4
  ,b deep] ?an ^!--ris+ up f bel[ !m &  
subm]g+ !m--!re 0 ! ,savi\r's in/9ct1 t 
in/9ct :i* made ,him rea* out ,8 h& &   
grasp ,pet] :5 he 0 s9k+ 9 ! sea4  ,)   
?is same in/9ct ,he grasp$ ,him n[4  ,9 
t look ( an in/ant ,pet] saw =giv5ess & 
unutt]able love4 ,if he saw himself 9 x1

 he saw /ill m 8 ,savi\r--su* a         
revelation ( ! he>t ( ,*ri/ z he _h nev]
 yet kn[n4  ,he saw n[ :at k9d ( ,ma/]  
he _h d5i$2 & x broke 8 he>t4  ,x is ?is
 t always breaks ! he>t4  ,x is n our s9
 t makes u weep2 x is :5 we see :at k9d 
( ,savi\r we h s9n$ aga9/4 ,he wept     
bitt]ly2 n to wa% out 8 s91 b because   
ev5 already he knew x _h be5 wa%$ out4  
,! =m] weep+ is a pelt+ %[]2 ?is is !   
close1 prolong$ d[np\r1 :i* p5etrates   
deep & f]tilises ! plants ( ! s\l at _! 
v roots4  ,inde$1 ?is 0 ! real beg9n+ ( 
all ! good ,/4 ,pet] 0 to d 9 ! _w4  ,b 
we w n speak ( ?is n[4  ,let our la/    
?\ght be ( ,him :o1 9 ! crisis &        
extremity ( ,8 own suff]+1 :5 ,he he>d  
,8 "n n only d5i$ b m+l$ ) oa?s &       
curses1 yield$ n "o mom5t to ! res5tm5t 
:i* su* an act ( trea*]y might h        
occasion$1 b1 =gett+ ,8 own sorr[s &    
ov]ma/]$ ) ! in/9cts ( ! ,savi\r1 ?rew  
into a look su* a _w ( k9dness & ( love 
t1 9 an in/ant1 x lift$ ! fall+ disciple
 f ! gulf & set him on ! rock :]e he ev]

 aft]w>ds /ood1 himself a rock 9 !      
con/ancy ( 8 fai? & ! vigor ( 8         
te/imony4    #a makro!n 4  #b ,x is to  
,/4 ,luke we owe ! acc\nt "h giv5 (     
,pet]'s awak5+2 b he also ref]s to !    
cr[+ ( ! cock1 ! only cause m5tion$ by !
 o!r ,evangeli/s4  ,!re is no difficulty
 9 und]/&+ t su* a psy*ological crisis  
may h be5 due to two l9es ( sugge/ion4  
#c ,mrs4 ,br[n+'s sonnets on ?is subject
 mu/ be quot$ 9 full3    ,two say+s ( ! 
,holy ,scriptures beat   ,l pulses 9 !  
,*ur*'s br[ & brea/2   ,& by !m we f9d  
re/ 9 our unre/1   ,&1 he>t-deep 9 salt 
te>s1 d yet entreat   ,god's fell[%ip1 z
 if on heav5ly seat4   ,! fir/ is       
,,jesus ,,wept2 :]eon is pre/   ,full _m
 a sobb+ face1 t drops its be/   ,&     
sweete/ wat]s on ! record sweet4   ,& "o
 is :]e ! ,*ri/1 d5i$ & scorn$1         
,,look$ ,,^u ,,pet]4  ,oh to r5d] pla91 
,by help ( hav+ lov$ a little & m\rn$1  
,t look ( sovran love & sovran pa91     
,:i* ,he1 :o c\ld n s9 yet suff]$1 turn$
   ,on him :o c\ld reject b n su/a94    

,! ,savi\r look$ on ,pet]4  ,ay1 no ^w1 
,no ge/ure ( reproa*2 ! heav5s s]5e1    
,?\gh heavy ) arm$ ju/ice1 did n lean   
,_! ?und]s t way2 ! =sak5 ,"l   ,look$  
only on ! traitor4  ,none record   ,:at 
t look 02 none guess2 = ^? :o h se5     
,wrong$ lov]s lov+ ?r\gh a dea?-pang    
ke51   ,or pale-*eek$ m>tyrs smil+ to a 
sword1   ,h miss$ ,jehovah at ! judgm5t 
call4   ,& ,pet] f ! height (           
blasphemy--   ',i nev] knew ?is         
man'--did quail & fall1   ,z kn[+       
/raight ,,t ,,god2 & turnd free1   ,&   
w5t out spee*less f ! face ( all1   ,&  
fill$ ! sil5ce1 weep+ bitt]ly4    ,i    
?9k3 t look ( ,*ri/ might seem to say3  
',?\1 ,pet]6 art ?\ a common /one   ,:i*
 ,i at la/ mu/ break ,my he>t ^u1   ,=  
all ,god's *>ge to ,8 high angels may   
,gu>d ,my feet bett]8  ,did ,i ye/]day  
,wa% ?y feet1 ,my belov$1 t !y %\ld run 
,quick to de/roy me 'nea? ! morn+ sun8  
,& d ?y kisses1 l ! re/1 betray8   ,!   
cock cr[s coldly4  ,g1 & manife/   ,a   
late contrition1 b no bootless fe>6     

,=1 :5 ?y f9al ne$ is dre>ie/1   ,?\    
%all n be d5i$1 z ,i am "h2   ,my voice 
to ,god & angels %all atte/1   ,because 
,i ,,"k ?is man1 let him be cle>4'  #d  
,?is may be ! mean+ ( epibalon2 b x is  
mu* disput$4 ,o!r int]pretations are3   
7#a7  epeballe klaie91 he began to weep2
 7#b7 ) head cov]$--9 m\rn+4     ,,*apt]
 ,,iv4  ,,! ,,civil ,,trial  ,9 ! *apt] 
be=e la/ we saw ! ,sanh$rim pass a dea? 
s5t5ce on ,jesus4  ,gladly w\ld !y h    
c>ri$ x out 9 ! ,jewi% fa%ion--by /on+4 
,b1 z 0 !n expla9$1 x 0 n 9 _! p[]3 _!  
,roman ma/]s1 :ile conc$+ to ! native   
c\rts ! p[] ( try+ & puni%+ m9or (f5ces1
 res]v$ to !mselves ! pr]ogative ( life 
& dea?2 & a case 9 :i* a capital s5t5ce 
_h be5 pass$ 9 a ,jewi% c\rt _h to g    
be=e ! repres5tative ( ,rome 9 ! c\ntry1
 :o tri$ x ov] aga91 & might ei!r       
confirm or rev]se ! s5t5ce4  ,accord+ly1
 aft] pass+ s5t5ce on ,jesus !mselves1 !
 ,sanh$ri/s _h to lead ,him away to !   
tribunal ( ! gov]nor4   ,i4  ,!         
repres5tative ( ,imp]ial ,rome 9        

,pale/9e at ?is "t 0 ,pontius ,pilate4  
,! position :i* he held may p]haps be   
be/ realis$ by ?9k+ ( "o ( our own      
subord9ate gov]nors 9 ,india2 ) !       
diff]5ce1 h[ev]1 t x 0 a hea!n1 n a     
,*ri/ian p[]1 t ,pilate repres5t$1 & t x
 0 ! _s ( anci5t ,rome1 n t ( mod]n     
,engl&1 :i* inspir$ 8 adm9i/ration4 ,(  
?is _s--! _s ( worldl9ess1 diplomacy &  
exp$i5cy--he 0 a typical expon5t2 & we  
%all see h[ true to x he prov$ on ?is   
mom5t\s day4#a  ,pilate _h occupi$ 8    
position = a good _m ye>s2 yet he nei!r 
lik$ 8 subjects nor !y him4  ,! ,jews 7 
among ! mo/ intractable & difficult (   
all ! /ates :i* ! (ficials ( ,rome _h to
 manage4  ,m9dful ( ! glory ( _! anci5t 
hi/ory1 & /ill *]i%+ ! hope ( univ]sal  
empire1 !y 7 impati5t ( ! yoke (        
subord9ation2 !y 7 con/antly discov]+ 9 
! conduct ( _! rul]s insults direct$    
aga9/ _! dignity or _! religion2 !y     
compla9$ ( ! heavy taxation & pe/]$ _!  
rul]s ) petitions4  ,pilate _h n got on 
at all well ) !m4 ,betwe5 him & !m !re 0

 no sympa?y4  ,he hat$ _! fanaticism4 ,9
 8 qu>rels ) !m1 :i* 7 frequ5t1 he _h   
freely %$ _! blood4  ,!y accus$ him (   
corruption1 cruelty1 robb]y1 &          
maladm9i/ration ( e description4  ,!    
resid5ce ( ! gov]nor 0 n 9 ,j]usalem1 9 
:i* no "o accu/om$ to ! pleasures (     
,rome--its !atres1 ba?s1 games1         
lit]ature & society--c\ld desire to     
live1 b 9 ! new coa/ city ( ,caes>ea1   
:i* 9 its spl5d\r & luxury 0 a sort (   
small imitation ( ,rome4  ,occasionally1
 h[ev]1 ! gov]nor _h to visit ! capital 
= bus9ess reasons2 & usually z on ?is   
occasion1 he did s at ! "t ( ! ,passov]4
  ,:5 !re1 he took up 8 resid5ce 9 :at  
_h =m]ly be5 ! royal palace :ile ,judaea
 /ill _h a k+4  ,x _h be5 built by ,h]od
 ! ,great1 :o _h a passion =            
ar*itecture2 & x 0 situat$ on ! hill to 
! s\?-we/ ( ! "o on :i* ! temple /ood4  
,x 0 a spl5did build+1#b rivall+ !      
temple itself 9 appe>ance1 & s l>ge z to
 be capable ( conta9+ a small army4  ,x 
consi/$ ( two colossal w+s1 spr++ =w>d  

on ei!r side1 & a connect+ build+       
betwe54  ,9 front ( ! latt] /ret*$ a    
broad pavem5t2 & "h1 9 ! op5 air1 on a  
rais$ plat=m1 0 ! sc5e ( ! trial2       
because ! ,jewi% au?orities w\ld n ent] 
! build+1 :i* to !m 0 unclean4  ,pilate 
_h to yield to _! scruples1 ?\gh        
probably curs+ !m 9 8 he>t4  ,b1 inde$1 
x 0 q common = ! ,romans to hold c\rts (
 ju/ice 9 ! op5 air4  ,! front ( !      
palace1 all r\nd1 0 support$ by massive 
pill>s1 =m+ broad1 %ady colonnades2 &   
r\nd ! build+ !re ext5d$ a p>k1 ) walks1
 trees & ponds1 :]e f\nta9s ca/ _!      
sp>kl+ jets high into ! sun%9e & flocks 
( tame doves plum$ _! fea!rs at ! wat]'s
 edge4  ,?r\gh ! huge gateway1 !n1 ( ?is
 palatial resid5ce1 ! ,jewi% au?orities1
 ) _! ,prison] 9 _! mid/1 came p\r+ 9 ! 
e>ly morn+4  ,pilate came out to receive
 !m & seat$ himself on 8 *air ( /ate1 ) 
8 secret>ies beside him1 & beh9d him1 no
 d\bt1 numb]s ( bronz$ ,roman soldi]s ) 
_! /olid looks & upright spe>s4  ,!     
,accus$ w\ld h to asc5d ! plat=m1 too2 &

 ov] aga9/ ,him /ood ,8 accus]s1 )      
,caiaphas at _! head4  ,:at a spectacle 
0 t6  ,! heads ( ! ,jewi% nation lead+  
_! own ,messiah 9 *a9s to deliv] ,him up
 to a ,g5tile gov]nor1 ) ! petition t   
,he %\ld be put to dea?6  ,%ades ( !    
h]oes & ! prophets1 :o lov$ ?is nation &
 boa/$ ( x & =etold its glori\s fate1 ! 
h\r ( de/9y has come1 & ?is is ! result6
  ,x 0 an act ( national suicide4  ,b 0 
x n m8  ,0 x n ! fru/ration ( ! purpose 
& ! promise ( ,god8  ,s x c]ta9ly appe>$
 to be4  ,yet ,he is n mock$4  ,ev5     
?r\gh human s9 ,8 purpose holds on its  
way4  ,! ,jews br\ght ! ,son ( ,god to  
,pilate's judgm5t-seat1 t bo? ,jew &    
,g5tile might unite 9 condemn+ ,him2 = x
 0 "p ( ! "w ( ! ,r$eem] to expose human
 s91 & "h 0 to be exhibit$ ! ne plus    
ultra ( wick$ness1 z ! h& ( humanity 0  
lift$ up aga9/ its ,mak]4  ,& yet t dea?
 0 to be ! life ( humanity2 & ,jesus1   
/&+ betwe5 ,jew & ,g5tile1 0 to unite !m
 9 ! fell[%ip ( a common salvation4  ,oh
 ! dep? bo? ( ! wisdom & k ( ,god6  ,h[ 

unse>*able are ,8 judgm5ts1 & ,8 ways   
pa/ f9d+ out6   ,,ii4  ,pilate at once  
dem&$ :at 0 ! accusation :i* !y br\ght  
aga9/ ! ,prison]4  ,! reply 0 a         
*>act]i/ic "o1 ,if ,he 7 n a malefactor1
 we w\ld n h deliv]$ ,him up unto !e4   
,?is 0 z broad a h9t z !y c\ld give t !y
 desir$ ! gov]nor to waive 8 "r to      
re-try ! case1 accept+ _! trial ( x z   
suffici5t1 & cont5t himself ) ! o!r half
 ( 8 pr]ogative--! pass+ & ! execution (
 ! s5t5ce4  ,sometimes prov9cial        
gov]nors did s1 ei!r ?r\gh indol5ce or  
out ( complim5t to ! native au?orities2 
& especially 9 a religi\s cause1 :i* a  
=eign] c\ld n be expect$ to und]/&1 su* 
a complim5t might seem a boon :i* x 0 n 
unreasonable to ask4  ,b ,pilate 0 n 9 a
 yield+ mood1 & retort$1 ,take ye ,him &
 judge ,him accord+ to y\r law4  ,?is 0 
z mu* z to say3 ,if ,i am n to he> !    
case1 !n ,i w nei!r pass ! s5t5ce nor   
inflict ! puni%m5t2 if y insi/ on ?is   
be+ a case = y\rselves z ecclesia/ics1  
!n keep x to y\rselves2 b1 if y d1 y mu/

 be cont5t ) su* a puni%m5t z ! law     
p]mits y to inflict4  ,to !m ?is 0 gall 
& wormwood1 because x 0 = ! life ( ,*ri/
 !y 7 ?ir/+1 & !y well knew t           
imprisonm5t or beat+ ) rods 0 z f> z !y 
c\ld g4  ,! cold1 ke5 ,roman1 z pr\d z  
!mselves1 0 mak+ !m feel ! pressure (   
,rome's foot on _! neck1 & he enjoy$ a  
malici\s pleasure 9 extort+ f !m !      
compla9t1 ,x is n lawful = u to put any 
man to dea?4  ,=c$ aga9/ _! w & _!      
expectation to =mulate a *>ge1 !y began 
to p\r =? _m vehem5t accusations2 out ( 
:i* at l5g? ?ree em]g$ ) "s             
di/9ctness--fir/1 t ,he 0 p]v]t+ !      
nation2 second1 t ,he =bade to pay !    
imp]ial tribute2 & ?ird1 t ,he set      
,himself up z a k+4  ,x w be obs]v$ t !y
 nev] m5tion$ ! *>ge on :i* !y _h       
condemn$ ,him !mselves4  ,x 0 = none (  
^! ?ree ?+s t !y _h condemn$ ,him1 b =  
blasphemy4  ,!y knew too well1 h[ev]1 t 
if !y advanc$ su* a *>ge 9 ?is place1 ! 
likelihood 0 t x w\ld be sne]$ out (    
c\rt4  ,x w be rememb]$ h[ a ,roman     

gov]nor1 m5tion$ 9 ! life ( ,/4 ,paul1  
dealt ) su* a *>ge3 ,gallio said unto ! 
,jews1 ,if x 7 a matt] ( wrong or wick$ 
lewdness1 ,o ye ,jews1 reason w\ld t ,i 
%\ld be> ) y2 b1 if x be a "q ( words & 
names1 & ( y\r law1 look ye to x2 = ,i w
 be no judge ( su* matt]s4 ,& he drave  
!m f ! judgm5t-seat4 #c  ,&1 al?\gh (   
c\rse ,pilate c\ld n h d>$ to exhibit ! 
same cynical disda9 = :at he w\ld h     
call$ ,jewi% sup]/ition1 yet !y knew t x
 0 9 8 he>t4  ,b _! inability to br+    
=w>d ! real *>ge put !m 9 a false       
position1 ! dang]s ( :i* !y did n       
escape4  ,!y _h to extemporise crimes1 &
 !y 7 n scrupul\s ab\t x4  ,_! fir/     
*>ge--t ,jesus 0 p]v]t+ ! nation#d--0   
vague4 ,b :at are we to say ( !         
second--t ,he =bade to pay ! imp]ial    
tribute8  ,:5 we rememb] ,8 reply t v   
week to ! "q :e!r or n x 0 lawful to pay
 tribute--,r5d] unto ,caes> ! ?+s :i*   
are ,caes>'s1 & unto ,god ! ?+s :i* are 
,god's--x looks v l a delib]ate         
falsehood4#e  ,!re 0 m col\r 9 _! ?ird  

/atem5t--t ,he said ,he 0 ,*ri/ a ,k+--=
 ,he _h at _! tribunal solemnly av[$    
,himself to be ! ,*ri/4 ,yet1 9 ?is     
case1 also1 !y 7 well aw>e t to ! e> ( a
 ,roman ! claim t ,he 0 a k+ w\ld convey
 a diff]5t mean+ f t convey$ to _! e>s  
by ! claim to be ! ,*ri/4 ,inde$1 at    
bottom _! objection to ,him 0 j t ,he   
did n suffici5tly claim to be a k+ 9 !  
,roman s5se4  ,!y 7 eag]ly look+ = a k+1
 ( spl5d\r & milit>y r5[n1 to break !   
,roman yoke & make ,j]usalem ! capital (
 a worldwide empire2 & x 0 because ! _s 
& aims ( ,jesus 7 ali5 to su* ambitions 
t !y despis$ & hat$ ,him4  ,pilate      
und]/ood p]fectly well ) :om he 0 deal+4
  ,he c\ld only be amus$ ) _! zeal = !  
paym5t ( ! ,roman tribute4 ,"o ( !      
,evangeli/s says1 ,he knew t = envy !y  
_h deliv]$ ,him4  ,h[ f> he 0 already   
acqua9t$ ) ! c>e] ( ,jesus we _c tell4  
,he _h be5 gov]nor all ! "t ( ! movem5t 
inaugurat$ by ! ,bapti/ & cont9u$ by    
,*ri/1 & he c h>dly h rema9$ 9 entire   
ignorance ( x4  ,! dream ( 8 wife1 :i*  

we %all come to soon1 seems to prove t  
,jesus _h already be5 a !me (           
conv]sation 9 ! palace2 & p]haps ! t$ium
 ( a visit to ,j]usalem may h be5       
reliev$ = ! gov]nor & 8 wife by ! /ory (
 ! "y ,en?usia/ :o 0 be>d+ ! fanatic    
prie/s4 ,pilate displays1 all ?r\gh1 a  
real int]e/ 9 ,jesus & a g5u9e respect4 
,?is 0 no d\bt *iefly due to :at he     
himself saw ( ,8 be>+ at 8 tribunal2 b x
 may also h be5 p>tly due to :at he _h  
already he>d ab\t ,him4  ,at all ev5ts  
!re is no indication t he took ! *>ges  
aga9/ ,jesus s]i\sly4  ,! two fir/ he   
seems nev] to h notic$2 b ! ?ird--t ,he 
0 sett+ ,himself up z a k+1 :o might be 
a rival to ! emp]or--0 n su* z he c\ld  
altoge!r pass by4   ,,iii4  ,pilate1    
hav+ he>d ! accusations1 took ,jesus    
inside ! palace to inve/igate !m4  ,?is 
he did1 no d\bt1 = ! purpose ( gett+ rid
 ( ! importunity ( ,8 accus]s1 :i* 0    
extreme4  ,& ,jesus made no scruple1 z  
!y _h done1 ab\t ent]+ ! palace4  ,%all 
we say t ! ,jews _h reject$ ,him1 & ,he 

0 turn+ to ! ,g5tiles--t ! wall (       
p>tition _h n[ fall51 & t ,he 0 trampl+ 
ov] its ru9s8  ,9 ! sil5ce1 !n1 ( ?is   
int]ior hall ,he & ,pilate /ood face to 
face--,he 9 ! prison]'s lonely place1   
,pilate 9 ! place ( p[]4 ,yet h[        
/rangely1 z we n[ look back at ! sc5e1  
are ! places rev]s$6  ,x is ,pilate :o  
is go+ to be tri$--,pilate & ,rome1 :i* 
he repres5t$4  ,all t morn+ ,pilate 0   
be+ judg$ & expos$2 & ev] s9ce he has   
/ood 9 ! pillory ( hi/ory ) ! c5turies  
gaz+ at him4#f  ,9 ! old pictures ( !   
,*ild ,*ri/ by ! great ma/]s a halo     
proce$s f ! ,babe t lights up ! surr\nd+
 figures1 sometimes ) dazzl+ effect4  ,&
 x is true t on all :o approa*$ ,*ri/1  
:5 ,he 0 9 ! _w1 !re fell a light 9 :i* 
bo? ! good & ! evil 9 !m 7 reveal$4  ,x 
0 a se>*-light1 t p5etrat$ into e corn] 
& expos$ e wr9kle4  ,m5 7 judg$ z !y    
came ne> ,him4  ,is x n s /ill8 ,we nev]
 %[ s entirely :at is 9 u z by ! way 9  
:i* we are affect$ by ,*ri/4  ,we are   
judg+ ourselves & pass+ s5t5ce on       

ourselves = et]nity by ! way 9 :i* we   
deal ) ,him4  ,pilate ask$ ,him1 ,art   
,?\ ! ,k+ ( ! ,jews8 ref]r+ to ! ?ird   
*>ge br\ght aga9/ ,him4  ,! reply (     
,jesus 0 cauti\s2 x 0 ano!r "q3 ,saye/  
?\ ?is ( ?yself1 or did o!rs tell x !e (
 ,me8  ,he desir$ to le>n 9 :at s5se !  
"q 0 ask$--:e!r f ! /&po9t ( a ,roman or
 f t ( ! ,jews2 because ( c\rse ,8 answ]
 w\ld be diff]5t accord+ z ,he 0 ask$   
:e!r ,he 0 a k+ z a ,roman w\ld und]/& !
 ^w or accord+ z x 0 und]/ood by !      
,jews4  ,b ?is answ] nettl$ ,pilate1    
p]haps because x assum$ t he might h m  
int]e/ 9 ! case ?an he c>$ to confess2 &
 he said angrily1 ,am ,i a ,jew8  ,?9e  
own nation & ! *ief prie/s h deliv]$ ,!e
 unto me4  ,if he int5d$ ?is to /+1 !   
bl[ did n fail ( its m>k4  ,ah1 t+l+    
%ame & poignant pa96  ,8 own nation--,8 
own belov$ nation1 to :i* ,he _h devot$ 
,8 life--_h giv5 ,him up to ! ,g5tile4  
,he felt a %ame = x be=e ! =eign] su* z 
a slave on ! block may feel be=e h]     
pur*as] = ! fa!r & ! family t h sold h] 

into disgrace4  ,jesus at once proce$$1 
h[ev]1 to answ] ,pilate's "q on bo?     
sides1 bo? on ! ,roman political & !n on
 ! ,jewi% religi\s side4  ,fir/1 ,he    
answ]$ negatively1 ,my k+dom is n ( ?is 
_w6  ,he 0 no rival ( ! ,roman emp]or4  
,if ,he _h be51 ! fir/ ?+ ,he mu/ h done
 w\ld h be5 to assemble soldi]s ab\t    
,him = ! purpose ( free+ ! c\ntry f !   
,roman occupation1 & ! v fir/ duty ( ^! 
soldi]s w\ld h be5 to def5d ! p]son ( _!
 k+2 b x c\ld be prov$ t at ,8 arre/ !re
 _h be5 no fight+ on ,8 behalf1 & t ,he 
_h ord]$ ! "o foll[] :o _h drawn a sword
 to %ea! x aga94  ,x 0 n a k+dom ( =ce &
 arms & worldly glory ,he _h 9 view4    
,yet1 ev5 9 mak+ ?is d5ial1 ,jesus _h   
us$ ! words1 ,my k+dom4  ,& ,pilate     
broke 91 ,art ,?\ a k+ !n8  ,yes1 repli$
 ,jesus2 to ?is end 0 ,i born1 & = ?is  
cause came ,i into ! _w1 t ,i %\ld be>  
witness unto ! tru?4  ,?is 0 ,8 k+dom--!
 realm ( ,tru?4  ,x diff]s widely f t ( 
,caes>4 ,caes>'s empire is ov] ! bodies 
( m52 ?is is ov] _! he>ts4 ,! /r5g? (   

,caes>'s empire is 9 soldi]s1 arms1     
citadels & navies2 ! /r5g? ( ?is k+dom  
is 9 pr9ciples1 s5tim5ts1 ideas4  ,!    
b5efit secur$ by ,caes> to ! citiz5s is 
ext]nal security = _! p]sons &          
prop]ties2 ! bless+s ( ,*ri/'s k+dom are
 peace ( consci5ce & joy 9 ! ,holy      
,gho/4  ,! empire ( ,caes>1 va/ z x 01  
yet 0 circumscrib$2 ! k+dom ( ,*ri/ is  
)\t limits1 & is de/9$ to be e/abli%$ 9 
e l&4 ,caes>'s empire1 l e o!r e>?ly    
k+dom1 _h its day & pass$ out ( exi/5ce2
 b ! k+dom ( ,tru? %all la/ = ev]more4  
,x has be5 rem>k$ t !re 0 some?+ ,we/]n 
r ?an ,ori5tal 9 ?is sublime say+ (     
,*ri/4  ,:at a noble-m9d$ ,jew long$ =  
above all ?+s 0 righte\sness2 b :at a   
noble-m9d$ ,g5tile aspir$ aft] 0 tru?4  
,!re 7 "s spirits1 9 t age1 ev5 among ! 
hea!n1 9 :om ! m5tion ( a k+dom ( tru?  
or wisdom w\ld h /ruck a responsive     
*ord4  ,jesus 0 feel+ to see :e!r !re 0 
9 ?is man's s\l any su* long+4  ,he     
approa*$ /ill ne>] him :5 ,he add$ !    
se>*+ rem>k1 ,e "o t is ( ! tru? he>e?  

,my voice2 = x 0 a h9t t1 if he lov$ !  
tru?1 he mu/ believe 9 ,him4  ,jesus    
prea*$ to ,8 judge4  ,j z ! prison]     
,paul made ,felix ! judge tremble1 &    
,agrippa ! judge cry out1 ,almo/ ?\     
p]suade/ me to be a ,*ri/ian1 s ,jesus1 
) ! in/9ct ( ! prea*] & ! ,savi\r1 0    
feel+ = ,pilate's consci5ce4  ,he :o    
fi%es = ! s\ls ( m5 mu/ use _m angles2 &
 on ?is occasion ,jesus select$ a r>e   
"o4  ,!re w always be "s :o1 ?\gh common
 appeals d n t\* !m1 yet respond to ?is 
delicate appeal4  ,is tru? a magic ^w to
 y8 d y ?ir/ = wisdom8  ,!re are ^? to  
:om ! prizes :i* ! majority /rive = are 
z dross4  ,! race = weal?1 ! pride (    
life1 ! di/9ctions ( society--y laugh at
 !m & pity !m4 ,b a gold5 page ( a      
fav\rite poet1 a ?\ght newly m9t$ 9 !   
gl[+ heat ( a true ?9k]'s m9d1 a        
pregnant ^w t sets y\r fancy rang+ ?r\gh
 et]nity1 a lum9\s doctr9e t rises on ! 
intellectual horizon l a />1--^! are y\r
 weal?4  ,y feel ke5ly ! d>kness ( ! _w1
 & are p]plex$ by a hundr$ problems4    

,*ild & lov] ( wisdom1 d y "k ! ,k+ (   
,tru?8 ,?is is ,he :o c satisfy y\r     
crav+ = light & lead y out ( ! maze (   
speculation & error4  ,b is x true1 z   
,he says "h1 t ev]yone :o is ( ! tru?   
he>e? ,8 voice8  ,is n ! _w at pres5t   
full ( m5 & wom5 :o are 9 se>* ( tru?1  
yet pass ,*ri/ by8  ,x is a v /rong ^w  
,he uses2 x is1 e "o :o has be5 born ( !
 tru?4  ,h y actually clamb]$ on ,tru?'s
 knees1 & clung to h] neck1 & f$ at h]  
brea/8  ,!re are _m :o seek tru? e>ne/ly
 ) ! intellect1 b d n desire x to rule  
_! conduct or purify _! he>t4  ,b only  
^? :o seek tru? ) _! :ole be+ are h]    
true *ildr52 & to ^! ! voice ( ,*ri/1 :5
 x is disc]n$1 is l ! sunrise to ! /atue
 ( ,memnon or z ! call ( spr+ to !      
responsive e>?4  ,alas6  ,pilate 0 no   
su* man4  ,he 0 incapable ( spiritual   
aspiration2 he 0 ( ! e>? e>?y2 he s\ght 
= no?+ :i* ! eye _c see or ! h& h&le4   
,to him a k+dom ( tru? & a k+ ( tru? 7  
objects ( fairyl& or ca/les 9 ! air4    
,:at is tru?8 he ask$2 b1 z he ask$1 he 

turn$ on 8 heel1 & did n wait = an      
answ]4  ,he ask$ only z a lib]t9e might 
ask1 ,:at is virtue8 or a tyrant1 ,:at  
is fre$om8  ,b he 0 cle>ly conv9c$ t    
,jesus 0 innoc5t4  ,he judg$ ,him to be 
an amiable en?usia/1 f :om ,rome _h no?+
 to fe>4  ,s he w5t out & pron\nc$ ,8   
acquittal3 ,i f9d 9 ,him no fault at    
all4    #a ,on ,pilate !re is an essay (
 extraord9>y subtlety & p[] 9 ,c&li%'s  
,scripture ,*>act]s4  #b ,an eloqu5t    
acc\nt 9 ,keim 7vi41 p4 #hj1 ,engli%    
tr471 :o gives ! au?orities3 9 "p a     
tyrant's /ronghold1 & 9 "p a fairy      
pleasure-h\se4  #c ,acts xviii4 #ad-af4 
#d e?nos1 n laos3 !y 7 speak+ to a      
hea!n4  #e ,keim calls x a v flagrant   
lie4  #f ,socrates1 quum omnium         
sapi5tissime sanctissimeque vixisset1   
ita 9 judicio capitis pro se dixit1 ut  
non supplex aut reus1 s$ magi/] aut     
dom9us vid]etur judicum4--,,cic]o4      
,,*apt] ,v4  ,,jesus ,,& ,,h]od  ,pilate
 _h tri$ ,jesus & f\nd ,him innoc5t2 & s
 he frankly told ! memb]s ( ! ,sanh$rim1

 !reby rev]s+ _! s5t5ce4  ,:at ought to 
h foll[$8  ,( c\rse ,jesus ought to h   
be5 releas$ &1 if necess>y1 protect$ f !
 feel+ ( ! ,jews4  ,:y 0 ?is n :at      
happ5$8  ,an incid5t 9 ! life ( ,pilate1
 n>rat$ by a secul> hi/orian1 may be/   
expla94  ,"s ye>s be=e ! trial ( ,jesus1
 ,pilate1 newly settl$ 9 ! position (   
gov]nor ( ,judaea1 resolv$ to remove !  
headqu>t]s ( ! ,roman army f ,caes>ea to
 ,j]usalem2 & ! soldi]s ent]$ ! ,holy   
,city ) _! /&>ds1 ea* ( :i* bore ! image
 ( ! emp]or4  ,to ! ,jewi% m9d ^! images
 7 idolatr\s1 & _! pres5ce 9 ,j]usalem 0
 look$ ^u z a gross insult &            
desecration4  ,! =emo/ m5 ( ! city p\r$ 
d[n to ,caes>ea1 :]e ,pilate 0 /ay+1 &  
bes\ght him to remove !m4  ,he refus$1 &
 = five days ! discussion w5t on4  ,at  
l5g? he 0 s irritat$ t he ord]$ !m to be
 surr\nd$ by soldi]s1 & ?reat5$ to h !m 
put to dea? unless !y became sil5t &    
disp]s$4  ,!y1 h[ev]1 9 no way dismay$1 
?rew !mselves on ! gr\nd & laid b>e _!  
necks1 cry+ t !y w\ld r die ?an h _!    

city defil$4 ,& ! up%ot 0 t ,pilate _h  
to yield1 & ! army 0 )drawn f           
,j]usalem4#a  ,su* 0 ! gov]nor1 & su* 7 
! p ) :om he _h to deal4  ,he 0 no mat* 
= !m1 :5 _! he>ts 7 set on any?+ & _!   
religi\s prejudices r\s$4  ,9 ! pres5t  
case !y did ) him exactly z !y _h done  
on t e>ly occasion4  ,he decl>$ ,jesus  
innoc5t1 & !reupon ! trial ought to h   
be5 at an end4 ,b !y rais$ an angry     
clam\r--!y 7 ! m fi]ce1 says ,/4        
,luke--& began to p\r out new           
accusations aga9/ ! ,prison]4  ,pilate  
_h n n]ve en\gh to resi/4  ,he weakly   
turn$ to ,jesus ,himself1 ask+1 ,he>e/  
,?\ n :at ^! witness aga9/ ,!e8 ,b      
,jesus answ]$ to him nev] a ^w4  ,he    
w\ld n1 by a s+le syllable1 give        
sanction to any prolongation ( !        
proce$+s3 insomu* t ! gov]nor m>vell$   
greatly4  ,flu/]$ & irresolute himself1 
he c\ld n compreh5d ?is maje/ic         
composure4 ,! /ake ( ,jesus 9 ! proce$+s
 0 no?+ less ?an ,8 life2 yet ,he 0 !   
only calm p]son 9 ! :ole assemblage4    

,sudd5ly1 h[ev]1 amid/ ! confusion a way
 ( escape f 8 emb>rass+ situation seem$ 
to op5 to ,pilate4  ,!y 7 cry+1 ,he     
/irre? up ! p1 tea*+ ?r\gh\t all ,jewry1
 beg9n+ f ,galilee to ?is place4  ,!    
m5tion ( ,galilee 0 int5d$ to excite    
prejudice aga9/ ,jesus1 because ,galilee
 0 not$ z a hotb$ ( insurrection4  ,b x 
set ago+ a diff]5t tra9 ( ?\ght 9 ! m9d 
( ,pilate1 :o ask$ anxi\sly if ,he 0 a  
,galilean4  ,x _h fla%$ ^u him t ,h]od1 
! rul] ( ,galilee1 0 9 ! city at ! "t1  
hav+ come = ! ,passov] celebration2 &1 z
 x 0 n an unusual proc$ure 9 ,roman law 
to transf] a prison] f ! t]ritory :]e he
 _h be5 arre/$ to 8 place ( orig9 or (  
domicile1 x seem$ to him a happy        
inspiration to s5d ,jesus to be tri$ by 
! rul] ( ! prov9ce to :i* ,he belong$1 &
 s get rid altoge!r ( ! case4#b  ,he    
act$ at once on ?is idea2 &1 "u ! escort
 ( ,pilate's soldi]s1 ,jesus & ,8       
accus]s 7 s5t away to ! anci5t palace ( 
! ,maccabees1 9 :i* ,h]od us$ to reside 
on 8 visits to ! ,holy ,city4  ,?us 0   

,jesus1 on ?is day ( %ame1 toss$1 l a   
ball1 f h& to h&--f ,annas to ,caiaphas1
 f ,caiaphas to ,pilate1 f ,pilate to   
,h]od1 ) m to foll[2 & ^! we>y m>*es#c 9
 *a9s & 9 ! cu/ody ( ! (fic]s ( ju/ice1 
) ,8 p]secutors ab\t ,him1 are n to be  
=gott5 9 ! catalogue ( ,8 suff]+s4   ,i4
  ,!re are sev]al ,h]ods m5tion$ 9 !    
,new ,te/am5t1 & x mu/ be made cle> :i* 
( !m ?is 04  ,! fir/ ( !m 0 he :o slew !
 babes ( ,be?lehem1 :5 ! infant ,savi\r 
0 c>ri$ away to ,egypt4  ,he 0 call$    
,h]od ! ,great1 & reign$ ov] ! :ole     
c\ntry1 ?\gh only by p]mission ( !      
,romans4  ,at 8 dea? 8 dom9ions 7 divid$
 among 8 sons by ! =eign]1 :o ?us m     
effectually br\ght ! c\ntry "u control2 
= ! small] ! size ( subject /ates ! m   
absolute is ! p[] ( ! suz]a94  ,judaea 0
 giv5 to ,ar*elaus2 b x 0 soon tak5 f   
him1 to be adm9i/]$ by ! ,romans        
!mselves ?r\gh _! procurators1 ( :om    
,pilate 0 "o4  ,galilee & ,p]aea 7 giv5 
to ano!r son1 ,antipas2 & a region m to 
! nor? to a ?ird1 ,philip4  ,our pres5t 

,h]od is ,antipas4  ,he 0 a man ( "s    
ability & at ! outset ( 8 c>e] gave     
promise ( rul+ well4  ,l 8 fa!r1 he _h a
 passion = ar*itecture1 & among 8       
a*ievem5ts 9 ?is l9e 0 ! build+ ( ! city
 ( ,tib]ias1 well kn[n 9 connection )   
mod]n missions4 ,b he took a /ep :i*    
prov$ fatal :5 he ent]$ into an intrigue
 ) ,h]odias1 ! wife ( 8 own bro!r       
,philip4  ,%e left h] husb& to come to  
him1 & he s5t away 8 own wife1 ! daught]
 ( ,aretas1 ! k+ ( ,arabia ,petraea4    
,h]odias 0 a mu* /rong] "* ?an he2 & %e 
rema9$ at 8 side ?r\gh life z 8 evil    
g5ius4  ,bett] aspirations 7 n1 h[ev]1  
:olly ext+ui%$ 9 him ev5 by ?is fall4   
,:5 ! ,bapti/ began to fire ! c\ntry1 he
 took an int]e/ 9 8 prea*+1 & invit$ him
 to ! palace1 :]e he he>d him gladly1   
till ,john said1 ,x is n lawful = !e to 
h h]4  ,= ?is ! great prea*] 0 ca/ into 
prison2 b ev5 !n ,h]od frequ5tly s5t =  
him4  ,manife/ly he 0 "u religi\s       
impression4  ,he admir$ ! "* & ! tea*+ (
 ,john4  ,x is said he did _m ?+s4      

,only he c\ld n & w\ld n d ! "o ?+      
ne$ful3 ,h]odias /ill reta9$ h] place4  
,naturally %e fe>$ & hat$ ! man ( ,god1 
:o 0 seek+ to remove h]2 & %e plott$    
aga9/ him ) implacable malignity4  ,%e 0
 only too successful1 mak+ use ( h] own 
daught]--n ,antipas'1 b h] fir/         
husb&'s--= h] purpose4  ,on ! k+'s      
bir?day ,salome danc$ be=e ,h]od & s    
intoxicat$ him ) h] skill & beauty1 t1  
heat$ & ov]come1 he promis$--! promise  
%[+ ! man--to give h] :atev] %e might   
ask1 ev5 to ! half ( 8 k+dom2 & :5 ! "y 
wit*1 well drill$ by h] "m 9 ! craft (  
hell1 ask$ ! head ( ! man ( ,god1 %e 0 n
 refus$4  ,?is awful crime fill$ 8      
subjects ) horror1 & :51 soon aft]w>ds1 
,k+ ,aretas1 ! fa!r ( 8 disc>d$ wife1   
invad$ ! c\ntry1 to rev5ge 8 daught]'s  
wrong1 & inflict$ on him an ignom9i\s   
defeat1 ?is rev]se 0 popul>ly reg>d$ z a
 div9e puni%m5t = :at he _h done4  ,8   
own m9d 0 haunt$ by ! spectres (        
remorse1 z we le>n f ! fact t1 :5 he    
he>d ( ! prea*+ ( ,jesus1 8 fir/ ?\ght 0

 t ?is 0 ,john ! ,bapti/ ris5 f ! dead4 
,inde$1 f ?is po9t he seems to h rapidly
 det]iorat$4  ,feel+ ! av]sion ( ! m9ds 
( 8 subjects1 he turn$ m & m to =eign   
cu/oms4  ,8 c\rt became di/+ui%$ =      
,roman imitations & affectations4  ,!   
purveyors ( pleasure1 :o 9 t age hawk$  
_! w>es f "o petty c\rt to ano!r--s+]s1 
danc]s1 juggl]s & ! l--7 welcome at     
,tib]ias4  ,! fibre ( 8 "* 0 m & m      
relax$1 till x became a m]e mass ( pulp1
 ready to receive e impression b able to
 reta9 none4  ,8 annual visits to       
,j]usalem ev51 at ,passov] "t1 7 inspir$
 less by devotion ?an by ! hope (       
amusem5t4  ,9 s l>ge a conc\rse !re w\ld
 at any rate be acqua9tances to see &   
news to he>2 & :o c\ld tell :at         
excitem5t might turn up8   ,,ii4  ,8    
reception ( ,jesus 0 ?or\ghly           
*>act]i/ic4  ,_h he _h ! consci5ce ev5 (
 a bad man1 he might h be5 aba%$ to see 
! ,bapti/'s ,fri5d4  ,once he _h be5    
mov$ ) t]ror at ! m]e rum\r ( ,jesus2 b 
t 0 all pa/2 ^! emotions _h be5 wip$ out

 by new] ones & =gott54  ,he 0 exce$+   
glad to see ,him4 ,fir/1 x 0 an         
excitem5t2 & ?is 0 some?+ = su* a man4  
,!n1 x 0 a complim5t f ! ,roman2 inde$1 
we are told t ,pilate & he _h a=etime   
be5 at enmity1 b by ?is att5tion 7 made 
fri5ds aga94  ,8 delight1 h[ev]1 arose  
*iefly f ! hope t he might see ,jesus   
work+ a miracle4  ,= two or ?ree ye>s 8 
own dom9ions _h be5 r++ ) ! fame ( !    
,miracle-work]1 b ,h]od _h nev] se5     
,him4  ,n[ 0 8 *ance2 & no d\bt ent]$ 8 
m9d t ,jesus w\ld gratify 8 curiosity1  
or c\ld c\nt x any?+ b an hon\r to get !
 opportunity ( display+ ,8 skill4  ,su* 
0 ,h]od's e/imate ( ,*ri/4  ,he put ,him
 on ! level ( a new danc] or s+]2 he    
look$ on ,8 miracles z a species (      
conjur+ or magic2 & he expect$ f ,him ! 
same ent]ta9m5t z he might h obta9$ f   
any w&]+ pr(essor ( magical arts4  ,at  
once he address$ ,him 9 ! fri5dlie/     
mann] & que/ion$ ,him 9 _m words4       
,app>5tly he q =got ! purpose = :i*     
,pilate _h s5t ,him4  ,he did n ev5 wait

 = any replies1 b w5t rambl+ on4  ,he _h
 ?\ght mu* ab\t religion1 & he wi%$     
,jesus to "k x4  ,he _h !ories to       
v5tilate1 puzzles to prop\nd1 rem>ks to 
make4  ,a man :o has no religion may yet
 h a great deal to say ab\t religion2 & 
!re are p :o l f> bett] to he> !mselves 
talk+ ?an to li/5 to any speak]1 h[ev]  
wise4  ,no m\? is m voluble ?an t ( a   
*>act]less man ( feel+4   ,,iii4  ,h]od 
at la/ exhau/$ himself1 & !n he wait$ = 
,*ri/ to speak4  ,b ,jesus utt]$ n a ^w4
  ,! sil5ce la/$ till ! pause grew      
awkw>d & pa9ful1 & till ,h]od grew r$ & 
angry2 b ,jesus w\ld n break x ) a s+le 
syllable4  ,= "o ?+1 ! entire proce$+s 7
 irrelevant4  ,jesus _h be5 s5t to ,h]od
 to be tri$2 b ?is _h nev] be5 t\*$ ^u4 
,_h ,jesus1 inde$1 desir$ to deliv]     
,himself at all haz>ds1 ?is 0 a r>e     
opportunity2 because1 if ,he _h yield$  
to ,h]od's wi%es & wr\ght a miracle = 8 
gratification1 no d\bt ,he w\ld h be5   
acquitt$ & s5t back load$ ) gifts4  ,b  
we _c believe t su* an exp$i5t 0 ev5 a  

temptation to ,him4  ,nev] _h ,he wr\ght
 a miracle = ,8 own beho(1 & x is       
inconceivable t ,he %\ld h /oop$ to (f] 
any ju/ification ( ! e/imate ( ,himself 
:i* ?is man _h =m$4  ,jesus 0 ,h]od's   
subject2 b x 0 impossible = ,him to look
 ^u him ) respect4  ,h[ c\ld ,he help   
feel+ disda9 = "o :o ?\ght ( ,himself s 
basely & treat$ ?is great crisis s      
frivol\sly8  ,to "o :o knew ,h]od's     
hi/ory1 h[ loa?some mu/ x h be5 to he>  
religi\s talk f 8 lips6  ,!re 0 no      
manl9ess or e>ne/ness 9 ! man4          
,religion 0 a m]e div]sion to him4  ,to 
su* ,*ri/ w always be sil5t4  ,h]od is !
 repres5tative ( ^? = :om !re is no     
s]i\sness 9 life1 b :o live only =      
pleasure4  ,!re are _m su*4  ,n only has
 religion1 9 any high & s]i\s s5se1 no  
attraction = !m1 b !y dislike ev]y?+ l  
deep ?\ght or e>ne/ "w 9 any sph]e4  ,z 
soon z !y are releas$ f ! claims (      
bus9ess1 !y ru% (f to be excit$ & amus$2
 & ! "o ?+ !y dread is solitude1 9 :i*  
!y might h to face !mselves4  ,9 c]ta9  

classes ( society1 :]e "w is n necess>y 
to obta9 a livelihood1 ?is _s is !      
pr$om9ant "o3 life is all a sc5e (      
gaiety2 "o amusem5t foll[s ano!r2 & !   
utmo/ c>e is tak5 to avoid any int]vals 
:]e reflection might come 94  ,religion 
itself may be dragg$ into ?is circle (  
dissipation4  ,x is possible to g to    
*ur* ) sub/antially ! same object ) :i* 
"o goes to a place ( amusem5t--9 ! hope 
( be+ excit$1 ( hav+ ! feel+s /irr$ & ! 
ae/hetic s5se gratifi$ or1 at ! lea/1   
consum+ an h\r :i* might o!rwise lie    
heavy on ! h&s4  ,) %ame be x said1 !re 
are *ur*es en\gh & prea*]s en\gh ready  
to meet ?is /ate ( m9d half-way4  ,) !  
fireworks ( rhetoric or ! wit*]y ( music
 or ! pomp ( ritual ! p]=mance is       
season$ up to ! due pit*2 & ! audi5ce   
dep>t ) precisely ! same k9d ( feel+ )  
:i* !y might leave a conc]t or a !atre4 
,v likely x is acc\nt$ a great success2 
b ,*ri/ has n spok53 ,he is resolutely  
mute to ^? :o foll[ religion 9 ?is _s4  
,sometimes ! same _s takes ano!r        

direction2 x becomes speculative &      
sceptical &1 l ,h]od1 que/ions 9 _m     
words4 ,:5 ,i h he>d "s p prop\nd+      
religi\s difficulties1 ! answ] :i* has  
ris5 to my lips has be51 ,:y %\ld y be  
able to believe 9 ,*ri/8 :at h y ev]    
done to r5d] y\rselves wor?y ( su* a    
privilege8 y are ?9k+ ( fai? z a        
complim5t to be paid to ,*ri/2 9 reality
 ! p[] to believe 9 ,him & ,8 words is a
 great privilege & hon\r1 t requires to 
be pur*as$ ) ?\ght1 humility &          
self-d5ial4  ,we d n owe an answ] to !  
religi\s objections ( ev]yone4 ,religion
 is1 inde$1 a subject on :i* ev]yone    
takes ! lib]ty ( speak+2 ! mo/ unholy & 
evil-liv+ talk & write ( x no?+ d\bt+2 b
 9 reality x is a subject on :i* v few  
are entitl$ to be he>d4  ,we may "k     
be=eh&1 f _! lives1 :at ! op9ions ( _m  
mu/ be ab\t x2 & we "k :at _! op9ions   
are wor?4  ,x may be ?\ght t ,jesus     
ought to h spok5 to ,h]od--t ,he miss$  
an opportunity4  ,ought ,he n to h      
appeal$ to 8 consci5ce & attempt$ to    

r\se him to a s5se ( 8 s98  ,to ?is ,i  
answ] t ,8 sil5ce 0 itself ?is appeal4  
,_h !re be5 a sp>k ( consci5ce left 9   
,h]od1 ^? ,eyes look+ him ?r\gh & ?r\gh1
 & t div9e dignity measur+ & weigh+ him1
 w\ld h caus$ 8 s9s to rise up out ( !  
grave & ov]:elm him4  ,jesus 0 sil5t1 t 
! voice ( ! dead ,bapti/ might be he>d4 
,if we und]/ood x1 ! sil5ce ( ,*ri/ is !
 mo/ eloqu5t ( all appeals4  ,c y       
rememb] :5 y us$ to he> ,him--:5 ! words
 ( ! ,book & ! prea*] us$ to move y 9   
*ur*1 :5 ! s++ awoke aspiration1 :5 !   
,sabba? 0 holy gr\nd1 :5 ! ,_s ( ,god   
/rove ) y8  ,& is t all pass$ ( pass+   
away8  ,does ,*ri/ speak no m8  ,if a   
man is ly+ ill1 & p]ceives day by day   
ev]y?+ ab\t him becom+ sil5t--8 wife    
avoid+ spee*1 visitors s9k+ _! voices to
 a :isp]1 foot/eps fall+ & doors %utt+  
noiselessly--he kn[s t 8 illness is     
becom+ critical4 ,:5 ! travell]1 battl+ 
) ! sn[-/orm1 s9ks d[n at la/ to re/1 he
 feels cold & pa9ful & mis]able2 b1 if  
!re /eals ov] him a s(t1 sweet s5se (   

slumb] & sil5ce1 !n is ! mom5t to r\se  
himself & fight (f 8 peace1 if he is ev]
 to /ir aga94 ,!re is su* a spiritual   
ins5sibility4  ,x means t ! ,_s is ceas+
 to /rive1 & ,*ri/ to call4  ,if x is   
creep+ ov] y1 x is "t to be anxi\s2 = x 
is = y\r life4   ,,iv4  ,h[ f> ,h]od    
und]/ood ! sil5ce ( ,jesus we _c tell4  
,x is too likely t he did n wi% to      
und]/&4  ,at all ev5ts he act$ z if he  
did n2 he treat$ x z if x 7 /upidity4   
,he ?\ght t ! reason :y ,jesus w\ld n "w
 a miracle 0 because ,he c\ld n3 a      
pret5d]'s p[]s g5]ally =sake him :5 he  
falls into ! h&s ( ! police4  ,jesus1 he
 ?\ght1 0 discr$it$2 ,8 ,messianic      
claims 7 explod$2 ev5 ,8 foll[]s mu/ n[ 
be disillusion$4  ,s he ?\ght & s he    
said2 & ! satellites r\nd 8 ?rone *im$  
92 = !re is no place :]e a great man's  
^w is e*o$ ) m p>rot-l precision ?an 9 a
 petty c\rt4  ,& no d\bt !y consid]$ x a
 great /roke ( wit1 well wor?y (        
applause1 :5 ,h]od1 be=e s5d+ ,him back 
to ,pilate1 ca/ ov] ,8 %\ld]s a gorge\s 

robe--probably 9 imitation ( ! :ite robe
 worn at ,rome by c&idates = (fice4  ,! 
sugge/ion 0 t ,jesus 0 a c&idate = !    
?rone ( ! c\ntry1 b "o s ridicul\s t x  
w\ld be a mi/ake to treat ,him ) any?+ b
 contempt4  ,?us amid/ peals ( laught] 0
 ,jesus driv5 f ! pres5ce4    #a        
,josephus1 ,ant41 ,,xviii41 #c1 #a4  #b 
,x may be que/ion$ :e!r x 0 = trial he  
s5t ,jesus to ,h]od or only = advice1 z 
,fe/us caus$ ,/4 ,paul's case to be he>d
 by ,agrippa4  #c ,call$ die ,gnge des  
,duld]s1 9 ,g]man devotional lit]ature4 
,,*apt] ,,vi4  ,,back ,,to ,,pilate  ,! 
s5d+ ( ,jesus to ,h]od _h n1 z ,pilate  
_h hop$1 f9i%$ ! case1 & s ! ,prison] 0 
br\ght back to ! imp]ial palace4  ,h]od 
_h affect$ to treat ,jesus ) disda92 b 9
 reality1 z we are n[ aw>e1 he _h       
himself be5 tri$ & expos$4  ,& ,jesus   
return$ to d ! same ?+ = ,pilate--to    
make manife/ :at mann] ( _s he 0 (2 ?\gh
 ,pilate _h no conception t ?is 0 go+ to
 happ53 he 0 only annoy$ t a case ( :i* 
he ?\ght he _h got rid 0 ?r[n on 8 h&s  

aga94  ,he _h reluctantly to resume x1 &
 he c>ri$ x ?r\gh to ! end2 b1 be=e ?is 
po9t 0 rea*$1 8 "* 0 reveal$1 d[n to its
 v f\ndations1 9 ! light ( ,*ri/4       
,h]od's _s 0 t ( frivol\s worldl9ess--! 
worldl9ess :i* tries to turn ! :ole (   
life into a pa/ime or a joke2 ,pilate's 
0 t ( /r5u\s worldl9ess--! worldl9ess   
:i* makes self its aim & subord9ates    
ev]y?+ to success4  ,( ! two ?is is     
p]haps ! m common2 &1 !re=e1 x w be bo? 
int]e/+ & in/ructive to wat* its        
self-revelation "u ! se>*-light (       
,*ri/'s proximity4   ,i4  ,pilate might 
p]haps h be5 ju/ifi$ 9 susp5d+ ! release
 ( ,jesus till aft] he receiv$ ,him back
 f ,h]od2 because1 al?\gh he _h himself 
f\nd no fault 9 ,him1 8 ignorance (     
,jewi% laws & cu/oms might h made him   
hesitate ab\t 8 own judgm5t & wi%1 be=e 
absolutely settl+ ! case1 to obta9 !    
op9ion ( an exp]t4  ,:51 h[ev]1 he le>n$
 t ! op9ion ( ,h]od co9cid$ ) 8 own1 !re
 0 no fur!r excuse = delay4  ,accord+ly 
he pla9ly in=m$ ! ,jews#a t he _h exam9$

 ! ,prison] & f\nd no fault 9 ,him2 he  
_h also s5t ,him to ,h]od ) a l result4 
,!re=e1 he cont9u$4  ,!re=e--:at8       
,!re=e1 y expect to he>1 ,i dismiss ,him
 f ! b> acquitt$1 & ,i w protect ,him1  
if ne$ be1 f all viol5ce4  ,?is w\ld h  
be5 ! only conclusion 9 accordance )    
logic & ju/ice4 ,pilate's conclusion 0 !
 extraord9>y "o3 ,!re=e ,i w *a/ise ,him
 & release ,him4  ,he w\ld inflict !    
sev]e puni%m5t ( sc\rg+ z a sop to _!   
rage1 & !n release ,him z a tribute to  
ju/ice4  ,0 a m unju/ proposal ev] made8
  ,yet x 0 ?or\ghly *>act]i/ic ( ! man  
:o made x z well z ( ! sy/em :i* he     
repres5t$4  ,! _s ( imp]ial ,rome 0 ! _s
 ( compromise1 manoeuvre & exp$i5cy2 z !
 _s ( gov]nm5t has too (t5 be5 else:]e1 
n only 9 ! ,/ate b also 9 ! ,*ur*4      
,pilate _h settl$ scores ( cases on !   
same pr9ciple--or no pr9ciple2 scores ( 
(ficials 7 conduct+ _! adm9i/ration     
?r\gh\t ! va/ ,roman empire 9 ! same way
 at t v "t4  ,only to ,pilate fell !    
s9i/] di/9ction ( putt+ ! base sy/em 9  

op]ation 9 ! case :]e its true "* 0     
expos$ 9 ! light ( hi/ory4  ,b ought we 
n to believe t 9 all o!r cases1 h[ev]   
obscure ! victims1 ! _s manife/$ by     
,pilate has be5 equally displeas+ to    
,god8  ,9 our ,"l's picture ( ! ,la/    
,judgm5t "o /rik+ trait is t all are    
a/oni%$ at ! reasons assign$ = _! de/9y4
  ,^? on ! "r h& are cr$it$ ) fe$+ ,*ri/
 :5 ,he 0 hungry1 giv+ ,him dr9k :5 ,he 
0 ?ir/y1 & s =?2 & !y ask 9 surprise1   
,"l1 :5 saw we ,!e hungry & f$ ,!e1 or  
?ir/y & gave ,!e dr9k8  ,9 l mann] ^? on
 ! left are accus$ ( see+ ,*ri/ hungry b
 neglect+ to fe$ ,him1 ( see+ ,him ?ir/y
 & refus+ to give ,him dr9k1 & s =?2 &  
!y ask1 ,"l1 :5 saw we ,!e hungry or    
?ir/y & m9i/]$ n to ,!e8  ,y p]haps ?9k 
!y say s to conceal ! s9s ( :i* !y are  
consci\s8  ,n at all4  ,!y are really   
a/oni%$3 !y ?9k _! id5tity has be5      
mi/ak5 & t !y are ab\t to be puni%$ =   
s9s !y h nev] committ$4  ,!y are only   
aw>e ( hav+ neglect$ a few *ildr5 or old
 wom5 n wor? ?9k+ ab\t4 ,b ,*ri/ says1  

,ea* ( ^! /ood = ,me1 &1 :5 y neglect$  
or injur$ !m1 y 7 do+ x unto ,me4  ,?us 
may all life at ! la/ prove f> m high & 
solemn ?an we n[ imag9e4  ,take c>e h[ y
 t\* y\r bro!r man2 y may be t\*+ !     
apple ( ,god's eye3 take c>e h[ y d an  
inju/ice ev5 to a *ild2 y may f9d out at
 ! la/ t x is ,*ri/ y h be5 assail+4    
,,ii4  ,pilate _h cut himself loose f   
pr9ciple :5 he decl>$ ,jesus to be      
innoc5t & yet ord]$ ,him to be *a/is$4  
,he ?\ght1 h[ev]1 t he c\ld guide 8     
c\rse safely en\gh to ! po9t at :i* he  
aim$4  ,we are to see h[ completely he  
fail$ & at la/ suff]$ total %ipwreck4   
,h&s 7 /ret*$ out t[>ds him1 z he       
advanc$1 "s to save him1 "s to d !      
rev]se2 b ! impulse ( 8 own false beg9n+
 c>ri$ him on to ! fatal issue4  ,! fir/
 h& /ret*$ out to him 0 a lov+ & helpful
 "o3 x 0 ! h& ( 8 wife4  ,%e s5t to tell
 him ( a dream %e _h _h ab\t 8 ,prison] 
& to w>n him to h no?+ to d ) t j man4  
,difficulties h be5 made z to h[ %e c\ld
 "k ab\t ,*ri/2 b !re is no real        

difficulty4  ,probably1 :ile ,jesus 0   
away at ,h]od's1 ,pilate _h ent]$ !     
palace & told 8 wife ab\t ! s+ul> trial 
& ab\t ! impression :i* ,jesus _h made  
^u 8 m9d4  ,:5 he left h]1 %e _h fall5  
asleep & dream$ ab\t x2 =1 ?\gh our     
v]sion makes h] say1 ,?is night ,i h    
dream$ ab\t ,him1 ! lit]al translation  
is ?is day2 & ( c\rse !re might be _m   
causes :y a lady %\ld fall asleep 9 !   
daytime4  ,h] dream _h be5 su* z to fill
 h] ) a vague s5se ( al>m1 & h] message 
to h] husb& 0 ! result4  ,?is incid5t   
has tak5 a /rong hold ( ! ,*ri/ian      
imag9ation & giv5 rise to all k9ds (    
guesses4  ,tradition has h&$ d[n ! "n ( 
,pilate's wife z ,claudia ,procula2 & x 
is said t %e 0 a proselyte ( ! ,jewi%   
religion2 z high-ton$ hea!n ladies 9 t  
age n infrequ5tly became :5 circum/ances
 br\ght ! ,old ,te/am5t into _! h&s4  ,!
 ,greek ,*ur* has gone s f> z to        
canonise h]1 suppos+ t %e became a      
,*ri/ian4  ,poets & arti/s h tri$ to    
reproduce h] dream4  ,_m w rememb] !    

picture ( x 9 ! ,dor ,gall]y 9 ,london4 
,! dream+ woman is repres5t$ /&+ 9 a    
balcony & look+ up an asc5d+ valley1 :i*
 is cr[d$ ) figures4  ,x is ! vale (    
ye>s or c5turies1 & ! figures are !     
g5]ations ( ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ yet to be4  
,imm$iately 9 front ( h] is ! ,savi\r   
,himself1 be>+ ,8 cross2 beh9d & ar\nd  
,him are ,8 twelve apo/les & ! cr[ds (  
_! conv]ts2 beh9d ^! ! ,*ur* ( ! e>ly   
c5turies1 ) ! great fa!rs1 ,polyc>p &   
,t]tullian1 ,a?anasius & ,gregory1      
,*ryso/om & ,augu/9e2 fur!r back ! ,*ur*
 ( ! ,middle ,ages1 ) ! maje/ic =ms &   
w>like acc\trem5ts ( ! ,crusad]s ris+ f 
its mid/2 beh9d ^! ! ,*ur* ( mod]n      
times1 ) its h]oes2 !n multitudes ^u    
multitudes t no man c numb] press+ =w>d 
9 broad5+ ranks1 till f> al(t1 9 ! :ite 
& %9+ heav5s1 lo1 ti] on ti] & circle ^u
 circle1 ) ! angels ( ,god hov]+ above  
!m & on _! flanks2 & 9 ! mid/1          
transfigur$ to ! brightness ( a />1 !   
cross1 :i* 9 its r\gh reality ,he is    
be>+ we>ily bel[4  ,( c\rse ^! are b    

fancies4  ,9 ! woman's anxiety t no evil
 %\ld befall ! ,innoc5t we may1 ) great]
 c]ta9ty1 trace ! ve/iges ( ! anci5t    
,roman ju/ice z x may h dwelt 9 ! noble 
matrons1 l ,volumnia & ,cornelia1 ^:    
names adorn ! pri/9e annals ( h] race2  
:ile ! wife's solicitude to save h]     
husb& f a de$ ( s9 associates h] ) !    
/ill nobl] wom5 ( all ages :o h walk$ l 
gu>dian angels by ! side ( m5 imm]s$ 9 !
 _w & liable to be co>s5$ by its        
contact1 to w>n !m ( ! high] laws & !   
unse5 p[]s4  ,we c h>dly d\bt t ! h& (  
,god 0 9 ?is dream1 or t x 0 out/ret*$  
to save ,pilate f ! doom to :i* he 0    
ha/5+4   ,,iii4  ,ano!r h&1 h[ev]1 0 n[ 
/ret*$ out to him2 & he grasp$ x eag]ly1
 ?9k+ x 0 go+ to save him2 :5 x sudd5ly 
pu%$ him d[n t[>ds ! abyss4  ,x 0 ! h& (
 ! mob ( ,j]usalem4  ,up to ?is po9t !  
actors assembl$ on ! /age ( ,*ri/'s     
trial 7 comp>atively few4  ,x _h be5 !  
express desire ( ! ,jewi% au?orities to 
hurry ! case ?r\gh be=e ! populace ( !  
city & ! cr[ds ( ,passov] /rang]s got   

w9d ( x4  ,! proce$+s _h accord+ly gone 
=w>d all night2 & x 0 /ill e>ly morn+4  
,z ,jesus 0 l$ ?r\gh ! /reets to ,h]od &
 back1 accompani$ by s _m ( ! pr9cipal  
citiz5s1 no d\bt a consid]able numb] mu/
 h ga!r$4  ,b n[ circum/ances br\ght a  
great multitude on ! sc5e4  ,x 0 ! cu/om
 ( ! ,roman gov]nor1 on ! ,passov]      
morn+1 to release a prison] to ! p4  ,z 
!re 7 g5]ally pl5ty ( political prison]s
 on h&1 rebels aga9/ ! dete/$ ,roman    
yoke1 b1 = t v reason1 fav\rites & h]oes
 ( ! ,jewi% populace1 ?is 0 a privilege 
n to be =gott52 &1 :ile ! trial ( ,jesus
 0 proce$+ 9 ! op5 air1 ! mob ( ! city  
came p\r+ ?r\gh ! palace gates & up !   
av5ue1 %\t+ = _! annual gift4  ,= once  
_! dem& 0 welcome to ,pilate1 = he ?\ght
 he saw 9 x a way ( escape f 8 own      
difficulty4  ,he w\ld (f] !m ,jesus1 :o 
_h a few days be=e be5 ! h]o ( a popul> 
demon/ration1 & z an aspirant to !      
,messiah%ip w\ld1 he imag9$1 be ! v     
p]son !y %\ld want4  ,x 0 an utt]ly     
unju/ ?+ to d2 because1 fir/1 x 0 treat+

 ,jesus z if ,he 7 already a condemn$   
man1 :]eas ,pilate _h himself a few     
m9utes be=e decl>$ ,him innoc5t2 &1     
secondly1 x 0 /ak+ ! life ( an innoc5t  
man on a guess1 :i* might be mi/ak51 z  
to ! fancy ( ! mob4  ,no d\bt1 h[ev]1   
,pilate consid]$ x k9d1 z he felt sure (
 ! disposition ( ! populace2 &1 at all  
ev5ts1 ! *ance ( extricat+ himself 0 too
 good to lose4  ,! m9ds ( ! mob x turn$ 
out1 h[ev]1 7 pre-occupi$ ) a fav\rite (
 _! own4  ,s+ul>ly en\gh 8 "n also      
appe>s to h be5 ,jesus3 ,jesus ,b>abbas 
is ! "n he be>s 9 "s ( ! be/ manuscripts
 ( ! gospel ( ,/4 ,mat!w4#b  ,he 0 a    
notable prison]1 :o _h be5 guilty (     
insurrection 9 ! city1 9 :i* blood _h   
be5 spilt1 & 0 n[ ly+ 9 jail ) !        
associates ^: r+lead] he _h be54  ,a    
b&it1 half robb] half insurrection>y    
lead]1 is a figure :i* easily lays hold 
( ! popul> imag9ation4  ,!y hesitat$1   
h[ev]1 :5 ,pilate propos$ ,jesus2 &     
,pilate seems to h s5t = ! o!r prison]1 
t !y might see ! two side by side2 = !y 

c\ld n1 he ?\ght1 hesitate = a mom5t1 if
 !y _h ! opportunity ( obs]v+ ! contra/4
  ,b ?is brief int]val 0 utilis$ by !   
,sanh$ri/s to p]suade ! multitude4  ,x  
mu/ be rememb]$ t ?is 0 n ! ,galilean   
cr[d by :i* ,jesus _h be5 br\ght 9      
triumph into ! city a few days be=e1 b !
 mob ( ,j]usalem1 ) :om ! ecclesia/ical 
au?orities _h influ5ce4#c  ,! prie/s &  
scribes1 !n1 m+l$ among !m & us$ e      
artifice !y c\ld ?9k (4  ,probably _!   
mo/ effective argum5t 0 to :isp] t      
,jesus 0 obvi\sly ! *oice ( ,pilate1 &  
!re=e %\ld n be !irs4  ,if ,pilate      
actually plac$ ! two ,jesuses side by   
side on 8 plat=m1 :at a sight x 06  ,!  
political desp]ado1 /a9$ ) murd]1 !re2 !
 ,heal] & ,tea*]1 :o _h gone ab\t       
cont9ually do+ good1 ! ,son ( man1 !    
,son ( ,god1 "h4  ,n[ :i* w y h--,jesus 
or ,b>abbas8  ,& ! cry came r++ f t5    
?\s& ?roats1 ,b>abbas6  ,to ,jesus :at  
mu/ t h meant6  ,^! 7 ! inhabitants (   
,j]usalem1 :om ,he _h long$ to ga!r z a 
h5 ga!re? h] *ick5s "u h] w+s2 !y 7 !   

he>]s ( ,8 words1 ! subjects ( ,8       
miracles1 ! objects ( ,8 love2 & !y     
pref] to ,him a murd]] & a robb]4  ,?is 
sc5e has (t5 be5 alleg$ z !             
self-condemnation ( democracy4  ,vox    
populi vox ,dei1 its flatt]]s h said2 b 
look yond]3 :5 ! multitude has to *oose 
betwe5 ,jesus & ,b>abbas1 x *ooses      
,b>abbas4  ,if ?is be s1 ! sc5e is      
equally decisive aga9/ ari/ocracy4  ,did
 ! prie/s1 scribes & nobles behave bett]
 ?an ! mob8  ,x 0 by _! advice t ! mob  
*ose4  ,x is poor sport1 on ei!r side1  
to pelt oppon5ts ) su* reproa*es4  ,x is
 bett] f> to le>n holy fe> f su* a sc5e 
9 ref]5ce to ourselves1 to our own p>ty 
& to our c\ntry4  ,:at are we to admire8
  ,:om are we to foll[8  ,9 :at are we  
to seek salvation8  ,c]ta9ly !re are    
great que/ions await+ ! democracy4 ,:om 
w x *oose--! revolutioni/ or !          
reg5]ator8  ,& to :at w x               
tru/--clev]ness or "*8  ,:at _s w x     
adopt z its own--t ( viol5ce or t (     
love8  ,:i* means w x employ--^? :i* "w 

f )\t inw>ds1 or ^? :i* "w f )9 outw>ds8
  ,:at end w x seek--! k+dom ( meat &   
dr9k1 or ! k+dom :i* is righte\sness &  
peace & joy 9 ! ,holy ,gho/8  ,b su*    
que/ions are n = ! democracy alone4     
,all classes1 all p>ties1 e g5]ation & e
 c\ntry h1 f "t to "t1 to face !m4  ,& s
 has ! individual4  ,p]haps all ! great 
*oices ( life ultimately resolve        
!mselves into ?is "o--,jesus or         
,b>abbas8   ,,iv4  ,to ,pilate ! *oice (
 ,b>abbas mu/ h be5 n only a surprise1 b
 a /agg]+ bl[4  ,:at !n1 he ask$1 %all  
,i d ) ,jesus8 ,probably he expect$ !   
answ]1 ,give u ,him too2 & !re c be     
little d\bt t he w\ld will+ly h compli$ 
) su* a reque/4 ,b1 in/ead ( ?is1 !re   
came1 quick z e*o1 ! reply1 ,crucify    
,him6 & x 0 m a comm& ?an a reque/4  ,he
 0 n[ made s5sible t :at he _h consid]$ 
a loophole ( escape 0 a noose into :i*  
he _h ?ru/ 8 head4  ,he might1 inde$1 h 
intimat$ t he _h only giv5 !m !         
pr]ogative to save "o ( ! two lives1 n  
to take ei!r ( !m away4  ,b virtually he

 _h put bo? prison]s at _! disposal4  ,9
 ?is way1 at all ev5ts1 ! mob int]pret$ 
! situation2 & he did n v5ture to       
contradict !m4  ,he 01 h[ev]1 deeply    
mov$1 & he did a v unusual ?+3 call+ = a
 bas9 ( wat]1 he wa%$ 8 h&s be=e !m all 
& said1 ,i am innoc5t f ! blood ( ?is j 
,p]son2 see ye to x4  ,?is 0 an         
impressive act2 yet its impressiv5ess 0 
too !atrical4  ,he wa%$ 8 h&s :5 he     
ought to h ex]t$ !m4  ,& blood does n   
come (f s easily4  ,he c\ld n abnegate 8
 responsibility & ca/ x ^u o!rs4        
,public m5 frequ5tly ?9k !y c d s3 !y   
say t !y b[ to ! =ce ( public op9ion1 b 
wa% _! h&s ( ! de$4  ,b if _! position1 
l ,pilate's1 dem&s t !y %\ld decide =   
!mselves & take ! consequ5ces1 ! guilt (
 s9ful action cl+s to !m & _c be        
transf]r$4  ,?is :ole sc5e1 inde$1 is a 
mirror = magi/rates1 to %[ !m d[n :at   
d>k pa?s !y may be pu%$ if !y resign    
!mselves to be ! m]e tools ( ! popul> w4
  ,pilate ought to h oppos$ ! popul> w  
at :atev] risk & refus$ to d ! de$ ( :i*

 he disapprov$4  ,b su* a c\rse w\ld h  
involv$ loss to himself2 & ?is 0 ! real 
reason = 8 conduct4  ,! populace felt _!
 triumph1 & 9 reply to 8 solemn         
dissociation ( himself f ,*ri/'s dea?   
s5t back ! insult+ cry1 ,8 blood be on u
 & on our *ildr54  ,pilate 0 afraid ( ! 
guilt1 b !y 7 n4  ,well might ! heav5s h
 black5$ above !m at t ^w1 & ! e>?      
%udd]$ b5ea? _! feet6 ,pr(an] cry 0 nev]
 utt]$4  ,b !y 7 mad ) rage & reckless (
 ev]y?+ b victory 9 ! conte/ 9 :i* !y 7 
engag$4  ,/ill1 _! words 7 n =gott5 9 ! 
qu>t] to :i* !y 7 direct$2 & x 0 n long 
be=e ! curse :i* !y _h invok$ desc5d$ on
 _! city & _! race4  ,mean:ile !y ga9$  
_! end3 ! w ( ,pilate 0 break+ d[n be=e 
_! well-direct$ p]si/5cy4    #a ,on !   
return ( ,jesus f ,h]od1 ! ,sanh$ri/s d 
n seem to h be5 pres5t4  ,pilate _h to  
call !m toge!r1 presumably f !          
temple4--,,ed]%eim4  #b ,see ,keim's    
note4  ,we/cott & ,hort reject x4  ,"s h
 fur!r se5 an impressive co9cid5ce 9 !  
"n ,b>abbas1 int]pret+ x son ( ! fa!r4  

,jesus 0 by no means a r>e "n4  #c ,h5ce
 ! contra/1 common 9 popul> prea*+1     
betwe5 ! multitude cry+ ,hosanna & !    
same multitude cry+ ,crucify is         
incorrect4     ,,*apt] ,,vii4  ,,!      
,,cr[n ,,( ,,?orns4  ,pilate _h fail$ 9 
8 attempt to save ,jesus f ! h&s ( ,8   
prosecutors1 ^: rage aga9/ _! ,victim 0 
only int5sifi$ by ! /ruggle 9 :i* !y _h 
engag$2 & !re 0 no c\rse n[ op5 to him b
 to h& ,jesus ov] to ! execution]s =1 at
 lea/1 ! prelim9>y tortures (           
crucifixion4  ,x is n 9 accordance )    
mod]n ,*ri/ian s5tim5t to dwell v mu* on
 ! physical suff]+s ( ,*ri/4  ,once !   
feel+ on ?is subject 0 v diff]5t3 9 old 
writ]s1 l ! my/ic ,taul]1 = example1 e  
detail is enl>g$ ^u & ev5 exagg]at$1    
till ! page seems to reek ) blood & !   
m9d ( ! read] gr[s sick ) horror4  ,we r
 incl9e to ?r[ a veil ov] ! gha/ly      
details1 or we uncov] !m only s f> z may
 be necess>y 9 ord] to und]/& !         
condition ( ,8 m9d1 9 :i* we seek ,8    
real suff]+s4  ,! sacr$ body ( our ,"l 0

 expos$ to _m %ocks & cruelties be=e !  
f9al & complicat$ horrors ( !           
crucifixion4  ,fir/1 !re 0 ,8 agony 9 ! 
g>d54  ,!n--n to speak ( ! *a9s laid on 
,him :5 ,he 0 arre/$--!re 0 ! bl[ on !  
face f ! s]vant ( ! high prie/4  ,aft]  
,8 condemnation by ! ecclesia/ical      
au?orities 9 ! middle ( ! night !y did  
spit 9 ,8 face & buffet$ ,him2 & o!rs   
smote ,him ) ! palms ( _! h&s1 say+1    
,prophesy unto u1 ,?\ ,*ri/4  ,:o is he 
t smote ,!e8  ,! pres5t is1 !re=e1 !    
f\r? access ( physical suff]+ :i* ,he _h
 to endure4  ,fir/1 !y sc\rg$ ,him4     
,?is 0 done by ! ,roman soldi]s by ord] 
( _! ma/] ,pilate1 ?\gh ! gov]nor1 9 all
 likelihood1 retir$ f ! sc5e :ile x 0   
be+ inflict$4  ,x took place1 x w\ld    
appe>1 on ! plat=m :]e ! trial _h be5   
held1 & 9 ! eyes ( all4  ,! victim 0    
/ripp$ & /ret*$ aga9/ a pill>1 or b5t   
ov] a l[ po/1 8 h&s be+ ti$1 s t he _h  
no means ( def5d+ himself4  ,! in/rum5t 
( torture 0 a sort ( kn\t or            
cat-o'-n9e-tails1 ) bits ( iron or bone 

atta*$ to ! ends ( ! ?ongs4  ,n only did
 ! bl[s cut ! sk9 & draw blood1 b n     
infrequ5tly ! victim di$ 9 ! mid/ ( !   
op]ation4  ,"s h suppos$ t ,pilate1 out 
( consid]ation = ,jesus1 may h mod]at$  
ei!r ! numb] or ! sev]ity ( ! /rokes2 b1
 on ! o!r h&1 8 plan ( releas+ ,him     
dep5d$ on 8 be+ able to %[ ! ,jews t ,he
 _h suff]$ sev]ely4  ,! inability (     
,jesus to be> ,8 own cross to ! place ( 
execution 0 no d\bt *iefly due to !     
exhau/ion produc$ by ?is infliction2 &  
?is is a bett] indication ( ! degree (  
sev]ity ?an m]e conjecture4  ,aft] !    
sc\rg+ ! soldi]s took ,him away ) !m to 
_! own qu>t]s 9 ! palace & call$ toge!r 
! :ole b& to enjoy ! spectacle4         
,evid5tly !y ?\ght t ,he 0 already      
condemn$ to be crucifi$2 & anyone       
condemn$ to crucifixion seems1 aft] be+ 
sc\rg$1 to h be5 h&$ ov] to ! soldi]y to
 be h&l$ z !y pleas$1 j z a hunt$       
creature1 :5 x is caught1 is flung to ! 
dogs4  ,&1 inde$1 ?is comp>ison is only 
too appropriate2 because1 z ,lu!r has   

rem>k$1 9 ^? days m5 7 treat$ z only    
brutes are treat$ n[4  ,to u x is       
incompreh5sible h[ ! :ole b& %\ld h be5 
call$ toge!r m]ely to gloat ov] !       
suff]+s ( a fell[-creature & to turn ,8 
pa9 & %ame into brutal mock]y4  ,?is1   
h[ev]1 0 _! purpose2 & !y enjoy$ x z    
s*oolboys enjoy ! t]ror ( a tortur$     
animal4  ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ^! 7 m5 :o
 on ! field ( battle 7 inur$ to blood%$ 
& at ,rome f\nd _! *ief delight 9 wat*+ 
! sports ( ! ar5a1 :]e gladiators but*]$
 "o ano!r to make a ,roman holiday4  ,_!
 horseplay took ! =m ( a mock           
coronation4  ,!y _h caught ! drift ( !  
trial suffici5tly to "k t ! *>ge aga9/  
,jesus 0 t ,he pret5d$ to be a k+2 &    
l(ty pret5sions on ! "p ( "o :o appe>s  
to be mean & poor easily l5d !mselves to
 ridicule4  ,besides1 9 _! m9ds !re 0   
p]haps an amus$ scorn at ! ?\ght ( a    
,jew aim+ at a sov]eignty above t (     
,caes>4 ,=eign soldi]s /ation$ 9        
,pale/9e _c h lik$ ! ,jews1 :o hat$ !m s
 cordially2 & ?is may h giv5 an edge to 

_! scorn ( a ,jewi% pret5d]4  ,!y treat$
 ,him z if !y believ$ ,him to be a k+4  
,a k+ mu/ we> ! purple4  ,& s !y got    
hold ( an old1 ca/-(f (fic]'s cloak (   
?is col\r & ?rew x ov] ,8 %\ld]s4  ,!n a
 k+ mu/ h a cr[n4  ,s "o ( !m ran out to
 ! p>k 9 :i* ! palace /ood & pull$ a few
 twigs f a tree or bu%4  ,^! happ5$ to  
be ?orny2 b ?is did n matt]1 x 0 all !  
bett]2 !y 7 plait$ into ! rude semblance
 ( a cr[n & cru%$ d[n on ,8 head4  ,to  
complete ! outfit1 a k+ mu/ h a sceptre4
  ,& ?is !y f\nd )\t difficulty3 a re$1 
probably us$ z a walk+-/ick1 be+ ?ru/   
into ,8 "r h&4  ,?us 0 ! mock k+ dress$ 
up4  ,& !n1 z on occasions ( /ate !y _h 
se5 subjects b[ ! knee to ! emp]or1     
say+1 ,ave1 ,caes>6 s !y advanc$ "o aft]
 ano!r to ,jesus &1 b5d+ l[1 said1      
,hail1 ,k+ ( ! ,jews6  ,b1 aft] pass+ ) 
mock solemnity1 ea* turn$ &1 ) a bur/ ( 
laught]1 /ruck ,him a bl[1 us+ = ?is    
purpose ! re$ :i* ,he _h dropp$4  ,&1   
?\gh ,i h>dly d>e to repeat x1 !y cov]$ 
,8 face ) spittle6  ,:at a spectacle6   

,x might h be5 expect$ t ^? :o 7        
!mselves poor & l[ly1 & !re=e subject to
 ! oppression ( ! p[]ful1 w\ld h felt   
sympa?y & compassion = "o ( _! own      
/ation :5 cru%$ by ! foot ( tyranny4  ,b
 !re is no cruelty l ! cruelty (        
und]l+s4  ,!re is an in/9ct 9 all to wi%
 to see o!rs ca/ d[n b5ea? !mselves2 &1 
especially1 if "o :o has aim$ high is   
br\ght l[1 !re is a s5se ( p]sonal      
exultation at 8 d[nfall4  ,su* are !    
base passions :i* lie at ! bottom ( m5's
 he>ts2 & ! dregs ( ! dregs ( human     
nature 7 reveal$ on ?is occasion4  ,:at 
mu/ x h be5 to ,jesus to look on x--to h
 x ?ru/ on ,8 sight & into contact ) ,8 
v p]son1 s t ,he c\ld n get away8  ,:at 
mu/ x h be5 to ,him1 ) ,8 delicate      
bodily organism & s5sitive m9d1 to be 9 
! h&s ( ^? rude & ru?less m58 ,x 01     
h[ev]1 necess>y1 9 ord] t ,he might     
fully accompli% ! "w :i* ,he _h come to 
! _w to p]=m4  ,he _h come to r$eem     
humanity--to g d[n to ! v l[e/ dep?s to 
seek & to save ! lo/2 &1 !re=e1 ,he _h  

to make close acqua9tance ) human nature
 9 its wor/ specim5s & its extreme/     
degradation4  ,he 0 to be ! ,savi\r (   
s9n]s z bad & degrad$ z ev5 ^! soldi]s2 
&1 !re=e1 ,he _h to come 9 contact ) !m 
& see :at !y 74   ,?us h ,i pass$ z     
lightly z 0 possible ov] ! details2 nor 
w\ld my read]s wi% me to dwell on !m    
fur!r4  ,b x w be pr(itable to l+] on   
?is spot a little long]1 9 ord] to le>n 
! lessons ( ! sc5e4  ,fir/1 notice 9 !  
conduct ( ! torm5tors ( ,jesus ! abuse (
 "o ( ! gifts ( ,god4  ,9 ! conduct ( ! 
,roman soldi]s f fir/ to la/ ! mo/ /rik+
 feature is t at e po9t !y turn$ _! "w  
into horseplay & m]rim5t4  ,n[1 laught] 
is a gift ( ,god4  ,x is a k9d ( spice  
:i* ! ,creator has giv5 to be tak5 along
 ) ! some:at unpalatable food ( ord9>y  
life4  ,x is a k9d ( sun%9e to enliv5 ! 
l&scape1 :i* is o!rwise too dull &      
sombre4  ,! p[] ( see+ ! amus+ side (   
?+s imm5sely light5s ! load ( life2 & he
 :o possesses ! gift ( evok+ he>ty &    
innoc5t mir? may be a true b5efactor ( 8

 species4#a  ,b1 :ile laught] is a gift 
( ,god1 !re is no o!r gift ( ,8 :i* is m
 frequ5tly abus$ & conv]t$ f a bless+   
into a curse4  ,:5 laught] is direct$   
aga9/ sacr$ ?+s & holy p]sons2 :5 x is  
us$ to belittle & degrade :at is great &
 rev]5d2 :5 x is employ$ z a weapon )   
:i* to torture weakness & cov] innoc5ce 
) ridicule--!n1 in/ead ( be+ ! foam on !
 cup at ! banquet ( life1 x becomes a   
deadly poison4 ,laught] guid$ ^! soldi]s
 9 _! inhuman acts2 x conceal$ f !m !   
true nature ( :at !y 7 do+2 & x w\nd$   
,*ri/ m deeply ?an ev5 ! sc\rge (       
,pilate4  ,a second ?+ to be notic$ is t
 x 0 aga9/ ! k+ly (fice ( ! ,r$eem] t ! 
opposition ( m5 0 direct$ on ?is        
occasion4  ,x 0 diff]5t on a =m]        
occasion1 :5 ,he 0 abus$ at ! close ( ! 
ecclesia/ical trial4  ,!n x 0 ,8        
prophetic (fice t 0 turn$ into ridicule3
 :5 !y _h bl9dfold$ ,him1 !y /ruck ,him 
on ! face & ask$ ,him1 say+1 ,prophesy  
:o is x t smote !e4  ,"h1 on ! o!r h&1 !
 ridicule 0 direct$ aga9/ ,him entirely 

on ! gr\nd ( ,8 claim+ to be a k+4  ,!  
soldi]s consid]$ x an absurdity & a joke
 t "o app>5tly s mean1 fri5dless &      
p[]less %\ld make any su* pret5sions4   
,_m a "t s9ce !n has ! same d]ision be5 
awak5$ by ?is claim ( ,*ri/4  ,he is !  
,k+ ( nations4  ,b e>?ly k+s & /atesm5 h
 ridicul$ ! idea t ,8 w & ,8 law %\ld   
control !m 9 _! s*emes & ambitions4     
,ev5 :]e ,8 au?ority is nom9ally        
ackn[l$g$1 bo? ari/ocracies &           
democracies are sl[ to recognise t _!   
legislation & cu/oms %\ld be regulat$ by
 ,8 words4  ,he is ,k+ ( ! ,*ur*4  ,&rew
 ,melville told ,k+ ,james3 ,!re are two
 k+s & two k+doms 9 ,scotl&2 !re is ,k+ 
,james1 ! head ( ?is commonweal?1 & !re 
is ,*ri/ ,jesus1 ! ,k+ ( ! ,*ur*1 ^:    
subject ,james ,,vi4 is1 & ( ^: k+dom he
 is n a k+1 nor a "l1 nor a head1 b a   
memb]4  ,! entire hi/ory ( ! ,scotti%   
,*ur* has be5 "o long /ruggle to ma9ta9 
?is tru?2 b ! /ruggle has frequ5tly be5 
c>ri$ on 9 ! face ( opposition almo/ z  
scornful z t :i* assail$ ,jesus 9       

,pilate's palace4  ,mo/ vital ( all is !
 ackn[l$gm5t ( ,*ri/'s k+%ip 9 ! realm (
 ! individual life2 b x is "h t ,8 w is 
mo/ resi/$4  ,9 words we ackn[l$ge      
allegiance to ,him2 b 9 :i* ( u has !   
victory ov] ! fle% be5 s complete t ,8  
full claim has be5 conc$$1 to h !       
arrangem5t ( our bus9ess & our leisure &
 to dictate :at is to be done ) our "t1 
our means & our s]vices8  ,a ?ird lesson
 is to recognise t 9 :at ,jesus bore on 
?is occasion ,he 0 suff]+ = u4  ,( all !
 features ( ! sc5e ! "o t has mo/       
impress$ ! imag9ation ( ,*ri/5dom is !  
cr[n ( ?orns4  ,x 0 some?+ unusual1 &   
br\ght out ! +5uity & wantonness (      
cruelty4 ,besides1 z ! w\nd ( a ?orn has
 be5 felt by ev]yone1 x br+s ! pa9 ( !  
,suff]] ne>] to u ?an any o!r incid5t4  
,b x is *iefly by its symbolism t x has 
laid hold ( ! ,*ri/ian m9d4  ,:5 ,adam &
 ,eve 7 driv5 f ! g>d5 into ! bleak &   
toilsome _w1 _! doom 0 t ! gr\nd %\ld   
br+ =? to !m ?orns & ?i/les4  ,?orns 7 !
 sign ( ! curse2 t is1 ( _! bani%m5t f  

,god's pres5ce & ( all ! sad & pa9ful   
consequ5ces foll[+ !refrom4  ,& does n !
 ?orn1 />+ f ! nak$ b\gh ( w9t] 9       
?reat5+ ugl9ess1 lurk+ b5ea? ! leaves or
 fl[]s ( summ] to w\nd ! approa*+ h&1   
te>+ ! clo!s or ! fle% ( ! travell] :o  
tries to make 8 way ?r\gh ! ?icket1     
burn+ 9 ! fle% :]e x has sunk1 fitly /& 
= t side ( life :i* we associate ) s9--!
 side ( c>e1 fret1 pa91 disappo9tm5t1   
disease & dea?8  ,9 a ^w1 x symbolises !
 curse4  ,b x 0 ! mission ( ,*ri/ to be>
 ! curse2 &1 z ,he lift$ x on ,8 own    
head1 ,he took x (f ! _w4  ,he bore our 
s9s & c>ri$ our sorr[s4  ,:y is x t1 :5 
we ?9k ( ! cr[n ( ?orns n[1 x is n only 
) horror & pity1 b ) an exultation :i*  
_c be repress$8  ,because1 cruel z 0 !  
soldi]s' je/1 !re 0 a div9e fitness 9 _!
 act2 & wisdom 01 ev5 ?r\gh _! s91      
fulfill+ h] own int5tion4  ,!re are "s  
p]sons ) faces s h&some t ! meane/      
dress1 :i* w\ld excite laught] or disgu/
 if worn by o!rs1 looks well on !m1 & ! 
m]e/ %r$s ( ornam5t1 /uck on !m anyh[1  

are m attractive ?an ! mo/ elaborate    
toilets ( p]sons less fav\r$ by nature4 
,& s ab\t ,*ri/ !re 0 some?+ :i* conv]t$
 into ornam5ts ev5 ! ?+s flung at ,him z
 insults4  ,:5 !y call$ ,him ! ,fri5d ( 
publicans & s9n]s1 ?\gh !y did x 9      
d]ision1 !y 7 giv+ ,him a title = :i* a 
hundr$ g5]ations h lov$ ,him2 & s1 :5 !y
 put on ,8 head ! cr[n ( ?orns1 !y 7    
unconsci\sly be/[+ ! noble/ wrea? t man 
c\ld weave ,him4  ,d[n ?r\gh ! ages     
,jesus passes1 /ill we>+ ! cr[n ( ?orns2
 & ,8 foll[]s & lov]s desire = ,him no  
o!r diadem4  ,f\r?ly1 ?is sc5e tea*es ! 
lesson ( pati5ce 9 suff]+4  ,i rememb] a
 sa9t :om x 0 my privilege to visit 9 ! 
beg9n+ ( my life z a m9i/]4  ,?\gh poor 
& un$ucat$1 %e 0 a p]son ( v unusual    
natural p[]s2 h] ideas 7 s+ul>ly        
orig9al1 & %e _h a *>m+ pleasantness (  
wit4  ,?\gh n v old1 %e knew t %e 0     
doom$ to die2 & ! disease f :i* %e 0    
suff]+ 0 "o ( ! mo/ pa9ful incid5t to   
humanity4  ,(t51 ,i rememb]1 %e w\ld    
tell me1 t1 :5 ! torture 0 at ! wor/1 %e

 lay ?9k+ ( ! suff]+s ( ! ,savi\r1 &    
said to h]self t ! %oot+ pa9s 7 n s bad 
z ! spikes ( ! ?orns4  ,*ri/'s suff]+s  
are a rebuke to our s(tness &           
self-pleas+4  ,x is n1 inde$1 wrong to  
enjoy ! com=ts & ! pleasures ( life4    
,god s5ds ^!2 &1 if we receive !m )     
gratitude1 !y may lift u ne>] to        
,himself4  ,b we are too t]rifi$ to be  
p>t$ f !m & too afraid ( pa9 & pov]ty4  
,especially ought ! suff]+s ( ,*ri/ to  
brace u up to endure :atev] ( pa9 or    
reproa* we may h to enc\nt] = ,8 sake4  
,_m w\ld l to be ,*ri/ians1 b are kept  
back f decision by dread ( ! laught] (  
pr(ane companions or by ! prospect ( "s 
worldly loss4  ,b we _c look at ! suff]+
 ,savi\r )\t be+ a%am$ ( su* c[>dly     
fe>s4 ,if ! cr[n ( ?orns n[ becomes     
,*ri/ s well z to be ! pride & ! song ( 
m5 & angels1 be assur$ t any twig f t   
cr[n :i* we may h to we> w "o day turn  
out to be our mo/ dazzl+ ornam5t4    #a 
,a m9i/]ial fri5d told me t he once1 9 !
 he>+ ( ,dr4 ,&rew ,bon>1 made ref]5ce  

to "s ?+s 9 ! life ( ,/4 ,paul :i* seem$
 to him to betray on ! "p ( ! apo/le a  
s5se ( hum\r4  ,he 0 n v sure h[ ,dr4   
,bon> might take su* a rem>k1 & at !    
close he ask$ if he agre$ ) him4  ,n    
only1 0 ! reply1 d ,i agree ) y1 b ,i g 
fur!r3 ,i ?9k !re are di/9ct traces (   
hum\r 9 ! say+s & ! conduct ( our ,"l2 &
 he proce$$ to quote examples4  ,ev]yone
 is aw>e h[ ,dr4 ,bon> himself knew h[  
to comb9e ) ! pr(\nde/ rev]5ce &        
sa9tl9ess a /ra9 ( delightful mir?2 & ! 
abs5ce ( ?is is ! great defect ( 8      
o!rwise *>m+ autobiography4     ,,*apt] 
,,viii4  ,,! ,,%ipwreck ,,( ,,pilate    
,we h l+]$ long at ! judgm5t-seat (     
,pilate4  ,f> too long4 ,pilate has     
deta9$ u4  ,he knew p]fectly well1 !    
fir/ glance he be/[$ on ! case1 :at x 0 
8 duty to d4  ,b1 in/ead ( act+ at once 
on 8 conviction1 he put (f4  ,( su*     
delay good seldom comes4  ,pilate gave  
temptation "t to assail him4  ,he resi/$
 x1 inde$2 he f\ght h>d & long aga9/ x2 
b he ought nev] to h giv5 x ! *ance4  ,&

 he mis]ably succumb$ 9 ! end4   ,i4    
,:5 ,pilate deliv]$ ,jesus ov] to be    
sc\rg$1 x look$ z if he _h surr5d]$ ,him
 to ! cross2 & s 9 all probability !    
,jews ?\ght1 because sc\rg+ 0 ! usual   
prelim9>y to crucifixion4 ,he1 h[ev]1 _h
 n yet ab&on$ ! hope ( sav+ ,jesus3 he 0
 /ill secretly adh]+ to ! proposal he _h
 made1 to *a/ise ,him & !n let ,him g4  
,p]haps1 if he retir$ into ! palace :ile
 ! sc\rg+ 0 tak+ place1 8 wife may h    
urg$ him to make a fur!r ef=t on behalf 
( t ,j ,man4  ,at all ev5ts he came out 
on ! plat=m1 r\nd :i* ! ,jews 7 /ill    
/&+1 & in=m$ !m t ! case 0 n f9i%$2 &1 z
 ,jesus1 ^: sc\rg+ 0 n[ ov]1 came =w>d1 
he turn$ r\nd &1 po9t+ to ,him1 exclaim$
 ) deep emotion1 ,behold ! ,man4  ,x 0  
an involunt>y expression (              
commis]ation1#a an appeal to ! ,jews to 
recognize ! unreasonabl5ess ( proce$+   
fur!r3 ,jesus 0 s obvi\sly n su* an "o z
 !y _h tri$ to make ,him out to be2 at  
all ev5ts ,he _h suff]$ en\gh4  ,b !    
,*ri/ian m9d has 9 all ages felt 9 ^!   

words a s5se deep] ?an ,pilate int5d$4  
,z ,caiaphas 0 utt]+ a great] tru? ?an  
he knew :5 he said x 0 exp$i5t t "o %\ld
 die = ! :ole p1 s 9 utt]+ ?is          
exclamation ! gov]nor 0 an unconsci\s   
prophet4  ,prea*]s 9 e subsequ5t age h  
adopt$ 8 words &1 po9t+ to ,jesus1 cri$1
 ,behold ! ,man6  ,pa9t]s h *os5 ?is    
mom5t1 :5 ,jesus came =?1 ble$+ f !     
cruel /ripes & we>+ ! purple robe & cr[n
 ( ?orns1 z ! "o 9 :i* to portray ! ,man
 ( ,sorr[s2 & _m a priceless canvas be>s
 ! title ,ecce ,homo4  ,f ,pilate's lips
 !re fell two words :i* ! _w w nev]     
=get--! "q1 ,:at is tru?8 & ?is         
exclamation1 ,behold ! ,man6  ,& ! "o   
may be tak5 z ! answ] to ! o!r4  ,:5 !  
"q1 ,:at is tru?8 is put ) deep         
e>ne/ness1 :at does x mean b ?is8--,:o w
 make ,god kn[n to u8 :o w cle> up !    
my/]y ( exi/5ce8 :o w reveal to man 8   
own de/9y8  ,& to ^! que/ions is !re any
 answ] b ?is2 ,behold ! ,man8  ,he has  
%[n to ! sons ( m5 :at !y ought to be2  
,8 is ! p]fect life1 aft] :i* e human   

life ought to be fa%ion$2 ,he has op5$ !
 gates ( immortality & reveal$ ! secrets
 ( ! o!r _w4 ,&1 :at is f> m important1 
,he has n only %[n u :at our life "h &  
h]eaft] ought to be1 b h[ ! ideal may be
 realis$4  ,he is n only ! image (      
p]fection b ! ,savi\r f s94 ,!re=e ought
 ! _w to turn to ,him & behold ! ,man4  
,,ii4  ,pilate hop$ t ! sight ( !       
suff]+s ( ,jesus w\ld move ! h>d he>ts (
 ,8 p]secutors1 z x _h mov$ 8 own4  ,b !
 only response to 8 appeal 01 ,crucify  
,him1 crucify ,him4  ,x is to be not$1  
h[ev]1 t ^! cruel words n[ came f ! *ief
 prie/s & (fic]s4  ,app>5tly ! common p 
7 mov$3 !y might h yield$1 if _!        
sup]iors _h all[$ !m4  ,b no?+ c\ld move
 ^? h>d he>ts2 inde$1 ! sight ( blood   
only inflam$ !m ! m2 & !y felt c]ta9 t  
by %e] p]si/5ce !y c\ld break d[n       
,pilate's opposition4  ,he 0 at 8 wits' 
end & repli$ to !m angrily1 ,take ye    
,him & crucify ,him2 = ,i f9d no fault 9
 ,him2 mean+ probably1 t he 0 will+ to  
yield ! ,prison] up to _! w1 if !y w\ld 

take ! responsibility ( execut+ ,him2   
if1 inde$1 he _h 9 8 m9d any cle> mean+ 
& 0 n m]ely utt]+ an exclamation (      
annoyance4  ,!y p]ceiv$ t ! critical    
mom5t _h arriv$1 & at la/ !y let out !  
true reason = :i* !y desir$ ,8 dea?3 ,we
 h a law1 & by our law ,he ought to die1
 because ,he made ,himself ! ,son (     
,god4  ,?is 0 ! gr\nd on :i* !y _h      
condemn$ ,him !mselves1 ?\gh up to ?is  
po9t !y _h kept x conceal$4  ,!y _h n   
m5tion$ x1 because !y ?\ght t ,pilate   
w\ld je] at x4  ,x _h on him1 h[ev]1 a v
 diff]5t effect4  ,all ! morn+ he _h be5
 feel+ uneasy2 & ! m he saw ( ,jesus ! m
 he dislik$ ! "p he 0 play+4  ,b n[ at  
l5g? ! m5tion ( ,8 claim to be ! ,son ( 
,god caus$ 8 fe>s to take a def9ite &   
al>m+ %ape4  ,x reviv$ 9 8 m9d ! /ories1
 ) :i* 8 own pagan religion 0 rife1 (   
gods or sons ( ! gods :o _h sometimes   
appe>$ on e>? 9 disguise4  ,x 0 dang]\s 
to h to d ) !m2 = any injury inflict$ on
 !m1 ev5 unconsci\sly1 might be t]ribly 
av5g$4  ,he _h disc]n$ 9 ,jesus some?+  

my/]i\s & inexplicable3 :at if ,he 7 !  
son ( ,jehovah1 ! native deity (        
,pale/9e1 z ,ca/or & ,pollux 7 sons (   
,jupit]8 & might n ,jehovah1 if ,he 7   
injur$1 bla/ ! man :o wrong$ ,him ) a   
curse8  ,su* 0 ! t]ror t fla%$ ?r\gh 8  
m9d2 &1 tak+ ,jesus once m inside !     
palace1 he ask$ ,him1 ) a mixture ( awe 
& curiosity1 ,:5ce art ,?\8  ,jesus gave
 him no answ]1 b aga9 retir$ into !     
maje/ic sil5ce :i* at ?ree po9ts already
 _h m>k$ ,8 trial4  ,9 ! :ole conduct ( 
! ,savi\r 9 ,8 suff]+s !re is no?+ m    
sublime ?an ^! pauses2 b x is n easy at 
e po9t to gauge ! /ate ( m9d to :i* !y 7
 due4  ,:y 0 ,jesus sil5t at ?is po9t8  
,"s h said1 because x 0 impossible to   
answ] ! "q4  ,he c\ld n h said ei!r ,yes
 or ,no2 =1 if ,he _h said t ,god 0 ,8  
,fa!r1 ,pilate w\ld h und]/ood ! /atem5t
 9 a grossly pagan s5se2 & yet1 to avoid
 ?is1 ,he c\ld n say t ,he 0 n ! ,son ( 
,god4  ,s x 0 be/ to say no?+4  ,! true 
explanation1 h[ev]1 is simpl]4  ,jesus  
w\ld say no?+ ab\t :e!r ,he 0 ! ,son (  

,god or n1 because ,he did n wi% to be  
releas$ on ?is gr\nd4  ,n z a son (     
,god1 b z an innoc5t man1 :i* ,pilate _h
 aga9 & aga9 ackn[l$g$ ,him to be1 0 ,he
 entitl$ to be set free2 & ,8 sil5ce    
call$ ^u ,pilate to act on ?is          
ackn[l$gm5t4  ,! judge 0 m ?an ev]      
a/oni%$2 & he 0 irritat$ a little at be+
 ?us treat$4  ,speake/ ,?\ n unto me8 he
 ask$1 flu%+2 kn[e/ ,?\ n t ,i h p[] to 
crucify ,!e & h p[] to release ,!e8     
,poor man6 x 0 to be se5 be=e _m m9utes 
_h pass$ h[ mu* p[] he _h4  ,& :at 0 ?is
 p[] ( :i* he boa/$8  ,he spoke z if he 
_h arbitr>y discretion to d :atev] he   
pleas$4  ,no j judge w\ld make su* a    
claim3 ju/ice takes f him ! p[] to foll[
 8 own incl9ation if x be unju/4 ,x 0 ( 
?is ,jesus rem9d$ him :5 ,he n[ answ]$ )
 quiet dignity1 ,?\ c\lde/ h no p[] at  
all aga9/ ,me1 unless x 7 giv5 !e f     
above4 #b  ,he rem9ds him t ! p[] he    
wields is delegat$ by ,heav51 & !re=e n 
to be us$ accord+ to 8 own caprice1 b   
accord+ to ! dictates ( ju/ice4  ,yet   

,he add$1 ,!re=e he t deliv]$ ,me unto  
!e ha? ! great] s94  ,he ackn[l$g$ t    
,pilate 0 9 a position 9 :i* he 0       
compell$ to try ! case3 he _h n tak5 x  
up at 8 own h&1 z ! ,jewi% au?orities _h
 done4  ,?us ,jesus recognis$ all !     
difficulties ( ,8 judge's position & 0  
will+ to make = him e all[ance4  ,?is 0 
,he :om ,pilate _h1 a few m9utes be=e1  
giv5 ov] to torture4  ,0 !re ev] su*    
sublime & unselfi% clem5cy8  ,c\ld !re h
 be5 a m complete triumph ov] res5tm5t &
 irritation8  ,if ! sil5ce ( ,*ri/ 0    
sublime1 no less sublime1 :5 ,he did    
speak1 7 ,8 words4   ,,iii4  ,pilate    
felt ! greatness & ! magnanimity ( 8    
,prison]1 & came =? det]m9$ at all      
haz>ds to set ,him free4  ,! ,jews saw x
 9 8 face4  ,& at l5g? !y br\ght out _! 
la/ weapon1 :i* !y _h be5 keep+ 9 res]ve
 & ,pilate _h be5 fe>+ all ! "t3 !y     
?reat5$ to compla9 aga9/ him to !       
emp]or2 = ?is 0 ! mean+ ( :at !y n[     
cri$3 ,if ?\ let ?is man g1 ?\ art n    
,caes>'s fri5d3 :osoev] make? himself a 

k+ speake? aga9/ ,caes>4  ,!re 0 no?+   
:i* a ,roman prov9cial gov]nor s mu*    
dread$ z a compla9t lodg$ aga9/ him at  
,rome4  ,& 9 ,pilate's case su* an      
accusation1 = m reasons ?an "o1 w\ld h  
be5 specially p]il\s4  ,! imp]ial ?rone 
0 occupi$ at ! "t by "o :o 0 a mo/      
suspici\s ma/]4  ,tib]ius seem$ to      
delight 9 humiliat+ & disgrac+ 8        
subord9ates4  ,besides1 at ?is v p]iod  
he 0 peculi>ly dang]\s4  ,a diseas$     
body1 ! puni%m5t ( vices long indulg$1  
_h made 8 m9d gloomy & savage2 9 fact1  
he 0 little bett] ?an a madman--morose1 
suspici\s & malici\s4  ,nor 0 any *>ge s
 likely to inflame him z ! "o :i* !y    
propos$ to lay aga9/ ,pilate4  ,x 0 well
 kn[n at ,rome t ! hope ( a ,messiah 0  
spread ?r\gh\t ! ,ea/2 & any prov9cial  
gov]nor suppos$ to be fav\r+ or ev5     
conniv+ at ! claims ( su* a pret5d] w\ld
 c]ta9ly be recall$1 probably exil$1 &  
possibly execut$4  ,amicus ,caes>is1    
,caes>'s fri5d1 0 "o ( ! mo/ covet$     
titles ( a man 9 ,pilate's position2 &  

to be accus$ ( act+ z no fri5d (        
,caes>'s c\ld act 0 ! mo/ s]i\s ( all   
dang]s4  ,b !re 0 some?+ else :i* l5t   
po9t to ! ?reat ( ! ,jewi% au?orities3  
,pilate well knew t 8 adm9i/ration c\ld 
n be> ! light ( an inve/igation su* z   
w\ld inevitably foll[ a compla9t f 8    
subjects4  ,x is a curi\s ?+ t 9 a      
secul> writ] ( t age we f9d an acc\nt ( 
ano!r occasion on :i* ?is same ?reat 0  
held ov] ,pilate2 & ! writ] :o m5tions x
 adds3 ,he 0 afraid t if a ,jewi%       
embassy 7 s5t to ,rome1 !y might discuss
 ! _m maladm9i/rations ( 8 gov]nm5t1 8  
extortions1 8 unju/ decrees1 8 inhuman  
puni%m5ts4 #c  ,su* _h be5 ! "* (       
,pilate's pa/ life2 & n[1 :5 he 0 go+ to
 d a humane & righte\s act1 x /ay$ 8 h&4
  ,!re is no?+ :i* s fru/rates good     
resolutions & p>alyzes noble ef=ts z !  
dead weight ( pa/ s9s4  ,^? :o are      
acqua9t$ ) secret & discr$itable *apt]s 
( a man's hi/ory are able1 wield+ ?is k 
ov] 8 head1 to say1 ,?\ %alt n d ?is    
good act :i* ?\ wi%e/ to d1 or1 ,?\ %alt

 d ?is evil & %ameful ?+ :i* we bid !e4 
,!re are companies 9 :i* m5 _c utt] !   
f9e1 high-s\nd+ ?+s !y w\ld say else:]e1
 because !re are pres5t ^? :o "k h[ _!  
lives h contradict$ !m4  ,:at is x t    
mocks ! g5]\s ?\ght ris+ 9 our m9ds1 t  
sil5ces ! noble ^w on our lips1 t       
p>alyzes ! =m+ en]gy ( our actions8  ,is
 x n ! int]nal :isp]1 ,rememb] h[ y h   
fail$ be=e8  ,?is is ! curse ( pa/ s93 x
 w n let u d ! good we w\ld4  ,b1 if a  
man has ?us committ$ himself by an evil 
pa/1 :at is he to d8  ,:at ought ,pilate
 to h done8  ,!re is only "o c\rse4  ,x 
is to summon toge!r ! res\rces ( 8      
manhood1 defy consequ5ces1 & d ! "r =?)1
 come :at may4  ,"o /ep tak5 9 loyalty  
to consci5ce1 "o ^w ( confession spok51 
& 9 a mom5t ! p[] ( ! tyranny is brok51 
& ! spellb\nd man is free to issue =? f 
! +lori\s prison ( ! pa/4  ,alas1       
,pilate 0 n equal to any su* ef=t4  ,= !
 sake ( righte\sness1 = ! sake ( ?is    
impressive & innoc5t b obscure &        
fri5dless ,galilean1 to face a compla9t 

at ,rome & run ! risk ( exile &         
pov]ty--! man ( ! _w's philosophy c\ld n
 rise to any su* height4  ,he belong$ to
 ! _w1 ^: fa%ion & fav\r1 pleasures &   
com=ts 7 ! brea? ( 8 no/rils2 &1 :5 he  
he>d ! m5ace ( 8 subjects1 he surr5d]$  
at discretion4  ,?us ,jewi% passion &   
p]si/5cy triumph$4  ,pilate resi/$1 b he
 0 =c$ to yield in* by in*4  ,he wi%$ to
 d "r2 he felt ! spell ( ,jesus2 & x    
irritat$ him to h to g aga9/ 8          
consci5ce1 b 8 subjects compell$ him to 
obey _! wick$ w4 ,yet ! true reason ( 8 
failure 0 9 himself--9 ! %all[ness &    
worldl9ess ( 8 own "*1 :i* ?is occasion 
laid b>e to ! v f\ndations4#d   ,,iv4   
,!re 0 little m to d4  ,! m9d ( ,pilate 
0 v savage & 8 he>t v sore4  ,he _h be5 
beat5 & humiliat$2 & he w\ld gladly     
inflict "s humiliation on 8 oppon5ts1 if
 he c\ld f9d a way4  ,he asc5d$ !       
judgm5t-seat1 9 a place t is call$ !    
,pavem5t1 b 9 ! ,hebrew ,gabba?a--an act
 simil> 9 significance1 ,i suppose1 )   
our judges' habit1 be=e pron\nc+ a dea? 

s5t5ce1 ( putt+ on ! black cap4  ,po9t+ 
to ,jesus1 he exclaim$1 ,behold y\r ,k+6
  ,x 0 z mu* z to say t he believ$ ?is  
really to be _! ,messiah--?is poor1     
ble$+1 mi%&l$ ,man4  ,he 0 try+ to cut  
!m ) a taunt4  ,& he succe$$3 sm>t+ )   
pa9 !y %\t$1 ,away ) ,him6 away ) ,him6 
crucify ,him6  ,:at1 he proce$$1 %all ,i
 crucify y\r ,k+8  ,&1 borne away )     
fury1 !y respond$1 ,we h no k+ b ,caes>4
  ,:at a ^w to come f ! repres5tatives (
 a nation to :i* p]ta9$ ! adoption & !  
glory & ! cov5ants & ! giv+ ( ! law & ! 
s]vice ( ,god & ! promises6  ,x 0 !     
r5\ncem5t ( _! bir?right1 ! ab&onm5t (  
_! de/9y4  ,pilate well knew :at x _h   
co/ _! pr\d he>ts ?us to =swe> ! hopes (
 _! fa!rs & ackn[l$ge ! "r ( _!         
conqu]or2 b to compel !m to swall[ ?is  
bitt] draught 0 "s comp5sation = ! cup (
 humiliation !y _h compell$ him to dr9k4
  ,& he took !m at _! ^w4    #a ,p]haps 
also ( admiration4  ,pilate _h nev] be=e
 se5 s impressive a specim5 ( humanity2 
& ! contra/ betwe5 ! sweetness & maje/y 

( ,8 appe>ance & ! indignities :i* ,he  
_h suff]$ drew f him ?is involunt>y     
exclamation4  ,"o recalls ,%akespe>e's  
words ab\t ,brutus3    ,8 life 0 g5tle1 
& ! elem5ts   ,s mix$ 9 him1 t nature   
might /& up   ,& say to all ! _w1 ,?is 0
 a ,man6  #b ,we are mu* tempt$ on      
acc\nt ( ! !re=e to expla9 f above z    
ref]r+ to ! ,jewi% tribunal4  #c ,philo4
  #d ,x is a /rik+ illu/ration ( ! irony
 ( hi/ory t ,pilate 0 ov]tak5 by ! v    
fate to escape :i* he ab&on$ ,jesus4    
,soon aft] ! ,crucifixion 8 subjects    
lodg$ a compla9t aga9/ him at ,rome4    
,he 0 recall$ f 8 prov9ce & nev]        
return$4 ,ultimately1 x is said1 he     
t]m9at$ 8 exi/5ce ) 8 own h&1 we>i$ out 
) mis]ies4  ,_m leg5ds 9 subsequ5t      
c5turies clu/]$ ab\t 8 "n4  ,sev]al     
spots 7 suppos$ to be haunt$ by 8       
re/less & despair+ _s1 notably a spr+ 9 
,switz]l& on ! top ( ,m\nt ,pilatus1 :i*
 0 ?\ght to h d]iv$ its "n f him2 b ?is 
is m ?an d\btful4     ,,*apt] ,,ix4     
,,judas ,,isc>iot  ,to ! civil trial (  

our ,"l !re is a sad app5dix1 z we h    
already _h "o to ! ecclesia/ical trial4 
,*ri/'s great confession 9 ! palace ( ! 
high prie/ 0 accompani$ by ! great d5ial
 ( ,pet] outside2 & ! proce$+s 9 ! c\rt 
( ,pontius ,pilate 7 accompani$ by !    
f9al act ( ! trea*]y ( ,judas4  ,only 9 
! latt] case we are n able ) ! same     
accuracy to fix ! circum/ances ( "t &   
place4   ,i4  ,judas is "o ( ! d>ke/    
riddles ( human hi/ory4  ,9 ! ,vision ( 
,hell ! poet ,dante1 aft] trav]s+ !     
circles ( ! univ]se ( woe1 9 :i* ea*    
sep>ate k9d ( wick$ness receives its    
peculi> puni%m5t1 arrives at la/1 9 !   
company ( 8 guide1 at ! ne!rmo/ circle (
 all1 9 ! v bottom ( ! pit1 :]e ! wor/ (
 all s9n]s & ! base/ ( all s9s are      
und]go+ retribution4  ,x is a lake n (  
fire b ( ice1 b5ea? ^: transp>5t surface
 are visible1 fix$ 9 pa9ful po/ures1 !  
figures ( ^? :o h betray$ _! b5efactors2
 because ?is1 9 ,dante's e/imation1 is !
 wor/ ( s9s4  ,9 ! mid/ ( !m /&s out1   
va/ & hide\s1 ! emp]or :o sways ! realm 

( woe--,satan himself2 = ?is 0 ! crime  
:i* lo/ him ,p>adise4  ,& ! next mo/    
conspicu\s figure is ,judas ,isc>iot4   
,he is 9 ! m\? ( ,satan1 be+ *amp$ &    
torn by 8 tee? z 9 a pond]\s eng9e4     
,su* 0 ! m$iaeval view ( ?is man & 8    
crime4  ,b 9 mod]n times op9ion has     
swung r\nd to ! opposite extreme4  ,ours
 is an age ( tol]ation1 & "o ( its      
fav\rite occupations is ! rehabilitation
 ( evil reputations4  ,m5 & wom5 :o h   
/ood = c5turies 9 ! pillory ( hi/ory are
 be+ tak5 d[n2 _! cases are retri$2 & !y
 are set up on p$e/als ( admiration4    
,sometimes ?is is done ) ju/ice1 b is   
o!r cases x has be5 c>ri$ to absurdity4 
,nobody1 x w\ld appe>1 has ev] be5 v    
bad2 ! crim9als & sc\ndrels h be5 m5 ^: 
motives h be5 misund]/ood4  ,among ^? on
 ^: behalf ! attempt has ?us be5 made to
 rev]se ! v]dict ( hi/ory is ,judas     
,isc>iot4  ,eighte5 c5turies _h agre$ to
 reg>d him z ! meane/ ( mank9d1 b 9 our 
c5tury he has be5 transmut$ into a k9d (
 h]o4  ,! !ory is ( ,g]man orig92 b x 0 

pres5t$ to ! ,engli% public by ,de      
,qu9cey1 :o adorn$ x ) all !            
p]suasiv5ess ( 8 m]etrici\s g5ius4  ,x  
is held t ! motive ( ,judas 0 totally   
diff]5t f ! "o hi!rto suppos$3 x 0 n    
fil?y lucre4  ,! smallness ( ! price =  
:i* he sold 8 ,ma/]--x 0 less ?an f\r   
p\nds ( our money1 ?\gh ! value ( ?is   
sum 0 mu* great] !n--proves t !re mu/ h 
be5 ano!r motive4  ,! traditional       
conception is inconsi/5t ) ,*ri/'s *oice
 ( him to be a disciple2 & x is         
irreconcilable ) ! tragic greatness ( 8 
rep5tance4  ,8 view ( ,*ri/'s ent]prise 
0 no d\bt ( a mat]ial ca/3 he expect$   
,*ri/ to be a k+1 & hop$ to hold a high 
place 9 ,8 c\rt3 b ^! ideas 7 common to 
all ! disciples1 :o to ! v end 7 wait+  
to see _! ,ma/] ?r[ (f ! cloak ( ,8     
humble condition & take to ,himself ,8  
great p[] & reign2 only !y left ! "t & !
 means 9 _! ,ma/]'s h&s1 n v5tur+ to    
criticise ,8 proce$+s4  ,judas 0 n s    
pati5t4  ,he 0 a man ( en]gy &          
practicality1 & he all[$ himself to     

believe t he _h disc]n$ a defect 9 ! "* 
( 8 ,ma/]4  ,jesus 0 too spiritual &    
unworldly = ! ent]prise on :i* he _h    
emb>k$--too mu* occupi$ ) heal+1 prea*+ 
& speculat+4  ,^! w\ld be well en\gh :5 
once ! k+dom 0 e/abli%$2 b ,he 0 los+ ,8
 opportunities4  ,8 delay _h turn$ aga9/
 ,him ! au?oritative classes4  ,"o va/  
=ce1 inde$1 0 /ill on ,8 side--!        
en?usiasm ( ! populace--b ev5 ( x ,he 0 
n tak+ advantage4  ,:51 on ,palm        
,sunday1 ,he 0 borne into ! capital by a
 cr[d ?robb+ ) ,messianic expectation1  
,he seem$ to h 9 ,8 h& :at ,judas       
suppos$ to be ! object ( ,8 life2 b ,he 
did no?+1 & ! cr[d disp]s$1 disappo9t$ &
 di%e>t5$4  ,:at ,jesus requir$ 0 to be 
precipitat$ into a situation :]e ,he    
w\ld be compell$ to act4  ,he lack$     
en]gy & decision2 b1 if ,he 7 deliv]$   
into ! h&s ( ! au?orities1 :o 7 kn[n to 
be seek+ ,8 life1 ,he c\ld hesitate no  
long]4  ,:5 !y laid h&s on ,him1 ,he    
w\ld ( c\rse lib]ate ,himself f !m1 & ,8
 miracul\s p[] w\ld exhibit itself 9 =ms

 s irresi/ible z to awak5 univ]sal      
en?usiasm4  ,?us w\ld ,8 k+dom be set up
 9 magnific5ce2 & ! man :om ! k+ w\ld   
delight to hon\r w\ld surely be ! humble
 foll[] by ^: %rewdness & audacity !    
crisis _h be5 br\ght ab\t4   ,,ii4  ,ev5
 if ?is 7 ! true hi/ory ( ,judas1 8     
conduct w\ld n1 p]haps1 be z innoc5t z x
 looks4  ,9 ! c\rse ( ,8 life our ,"l _h
 frequ5tly to deal ) p]sons :o attempt$1
 f :at appe>$ to !mselves to be good    
motives1 to int]f]e ) ,8 plans--to      
precipitate ,him into action be=e ,8 "t 
or to re/ra9 ,him :5 ,8 "t _h come--&   
,he always res5t$ su* int]f]5ce )       
indignation4  ,ev5 ,8 own "m 0 n sp>$ :5
 %e play$ ?is "p4  ,to d ,god's w       
exactly1 nei!r m nor less1 nei!r        
anticipat+ x nor lagg+ beh9d x1 0 !     
inn]-mo/ pr9ciple ( ! life ( ,jesus2 &  
,he treat$ any int]f]5ce ) x z a        
sugge/ion ( ! ,evil ,"o4  ,/ill ! !ory w
 n hold wat]4  ,! ,scriptures "k no?+ ( 
x1 & x is inconsi/5t ) ! tone ( moral   
repulsion 9 :i* !y speak ( ,judas4      

,besides1 !y assign a totally diff]5t   
motive4 ,!y affirm t ,judas 0 a ?ief &  
/ole out ( ! bag f :i* ,jesus gave to ! 
poor & suppli$ ,8 own wants--a sacrilege
 :i* mo/ ?ieves w\ld h scorn$4  ,x is 9 
entire accordance ) ?is t ! ^w ) :i* he 
approa*$ ! ,sanh$rim 01 ,h[ mu* w ye    
give me8  ,t he 0 will+ to accept s     
little proves h[ /rong 8 passion 04  ,x 
is altoge!r impossible t a "* ( ?is k9d 
c h be5 comb9$ ) ! g5]\s al?\gh mi/ak5  
en?usiasm :i* ! !ory attributes to      
him4#a  ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ! passion (    
av>ice may easily h be5 n\ri%$ by brood+
 ) disappo9tm5t on ,messianic visions2 &
 ! !ory ( ,de ,qu9cey may supply        
important h9ts = unravell+ ! my/]y ( 8  
c>e]4  ,!re c be no d\bt t at "o "t !   
life ( ,judas seem$ full ( promise4     
,jesus1 :o 0 s /rict ab\t p]mitt+ any to
 foll[ ,him1 w\ld n h *os5 him into !   
apo/olic circle unless he _h exhibit$   
en?usiasm = ,8 p]son & ,8 cause4  ,he   
well knew1 inde$1 t 9 8 motives !re 0 a 
selfi% alloy2 b ?is 0 ! case ) all ,8   

foll[]s2 & fell[%ip ) ,himself 0 ! fire 
9 :i* ! alloy 0 to be purg$ out4  ,9 !  
o!r apo/les ?is process actually took   
place3 !y 7 ref9$ by fell[%ip ) ,him4   
,_! worldl9ess1 inde$1 rema9$ to ! end (
 ,8 e>?ly c>e]1 b x 0 gr[+ less & less2 
& o!r ties1 /rong] ?an _! hopes ( e>?ly 
glory1 7 sl[ly b surely b9d+ !m         
indissolubly to ,8 cause4  ,9 ,judas1 on
 ! contr>y1 ! rev]se process took place3
 :at 0 good 9 him grew less & less1 & at
 la/ ! sole bond :i* held him to ,*ri/ 0
 :at he c\ld make out ( ! connection4   
,:5 ! suspicion fir/ dawn$ on him t !   
hope ( a ,messianic k+dom 0 n to be     
fulfill$1 ! inn] man ( ,judas und]w5t a 
critical *ange4  ,?is happ5$ a ye> be=e 
! end1 on ! occasion :5 ,*ri/ resi/$ !  
attempt ( ,8 foll[]s to take ,him by =ce
 & make ,him a k+1 & :5 _m ( ,8         
disciples w5t back & walk$ no m ) ,him4 
,at t "t ,jesus w>n$ ,judas aga9/ ! evil
 _s :i* he 0 all[+ to take possession ( 
8 m9d by ! /rong say+1 ,h ,i n *os5 y   
twelve8 & "o ( y is a devil4  ,b !      

disciple did n he$ ! w>n+4  ,p]haps x 0 
at ?is /age t he comm5c$ to /eal f ! bag
 :i* he c>ri$4 ,he felt t he mu/ h "s   
tangible rew>d = foll[+ ,*ri/1 & he     
ju/ifi$ 8 peculation by say+ to himself 
t :at he 0 tak+ 0 inf9itely less ?an he 
_h be5 l$ to expect4  ,he reg>d$ himself
 z an ill-us$ man4  ,"u ! practice ( ?is
 secret s9 8 "* c\ld n b rapidly        
det]iorate4  ,jesus dropp$ a ^w ( w>n+  
n[ & !n2 b x _h ! rev]se ( ! desir$     
effect4  ,judas knew t ,jesus knew2 & he
 grew to hate ,him4  ,?is 0 by f> ! wor/
 aspect ( ! case4 ,! o!r disciples 7    
becom+ m & m atta*$ to _! ,ma/]1 because
 !y felt increas+ly h[ mu* !y ow$ ,him2 
b ,judas did n feel t he ow$ ,him any?+3
 on ! contr>y1 8 feel+ 0 t he _h be5    
betray$4  ,:y %\ld he n betray 9 turn8  
,!re may ev5 h be5 an elem5t ( scorn 9  
sell+ ,*ri/ = s little4  ,m ?an "o ( !  
,evangeli/s seem to connect ! trea*]y ( 
,judas directly ) ! sc5e at ,be?any 9   
:i* ,m>y ano9t$ ,jesus ) co/ly o9tm5t4  
,app>5tly ?is beautiful act br\ght all !

 evil 9 8 he>t to su* a head t an       
outbreak c\ld no long] be def]r$4 ,8    
spite f\nd v5t 9 ! angry cont5tion t !  
money ought to h be5 giv5 to ! poor4  ,x
 0 a l>ge sum1 (f :i* he c\ld h tak5 an 
unusually l>ge slice ( booty4  ,b       
probably !re 0 m 9 ! occasion to inc5se 
,judas4  ,to him ?is fea/+ & ano9t+1 at 
! mom5t :5 ! crisis ( ,*ri/'s =tunes _h 
obvi\sly come1 appe>$ %e] folly2 z a    
practical man he despis$ x4  ,x 0       
manife/ t ! game 0 up2 a lead] loit]+ & 
dream+ 9 ?is fa%ion at ! crisis ( 8 fate
 0 doom$4  ,x 0 "t to get out ( ! %ip1 =
 x 0 cle>ly s9k+2 b he w\ld d s 9 su* a 
way z to gratify 8 res5tm5t1 8 scorn & 8
 love ( money all at once4  ,?us !      
ma/]-passion ( ,judas 0 n\ri%$ f pot5t  
spr+s4 ,b1 inde$1 av>ice 9 itself is "o 
( ! mo/ p[]ful ( motives4 ,9 ! tea*+ ( !
 pulpit x may seldom be notic$1 b bo? 9 
,scripture & 9 hi/ory x occupies a      
prom95t place4  ,x is que/ionable if    
any?+ else makes s _m ill de$s to be    
done4 ,av>ice breaks all ! comm&m5ts4   

,(t5 has x put ! weapon into ! h& ( !   
murd]]2 9 mo/ c\ntries ( ! _w x has 9 e 
age made ! ord9>y bus9ess ( !           
m>ket-place a w>f>e ( falsehood2 !      
bodies ( m5 & ! he>ts ( wom5 h be5 sold 
= gold4  ,:y is x t gigantic wrongs     
fl\ri% f age to age1 & practices utt]ly 
indef5sible are cont9u$ ) ! ov]:elm+    
sanction ( society8  ,x is because !re  
is money 9 !m4  ,av>ice is a passion (  
demonic /r5g?2 b x may help u to keep x 
out ( our he>ts to rememb] t x 0 ! s9 ( 
,judas4   ,,iii4  ,! rep5tance ( ,judas 
is alleg$ z ! sign ( a sup]ior _s4      
,c]ta9ly x is an indication ( ! goodness
 :i* he once possess$1 because x is only
 by ! light ( a sp>k ( goodness t !     
d>kness ( s9 c be p]ceiv$2 & ! m !      
consci5ce has be5 enlight5$ ! sev]] is !
 reaction :5 x is outrag$4  ,^? :o h 9  
any degree %>$ ! company ( ,*ri/ c nev] 
aft]w>ds be z if !y _h n enjoy$ ?is     
privilege2 & religion1 if x does n save1
 w be ! cruelle/ elem5t 9 ! s\l's       
p]dition4  ,x is n c]ta9 at :at po9t !  

reaction 9 ! m9d ( ,judas set 94#b  ,!re
 7 _m incid5ts ( ! trial well calculat$ 
to awak5 9 him a revulsion ( feel+4  ,at
 l5g?1 h[ev]1 ! retributive p[]s (      
consci5ce 7 ?or\ghly ar\s$--^? p[]s :i* 
9 all lit]ature h =m$ ! !me ( ! deepe/  
trag$y2 :i* 9 ! ,bible are typifi$ by   
,ca91 escap+ z a fugitive & a vagabond f
 ! cry ( 8 bro!r's blood2 :i* 9 ,greek  
lit]ature are %ad[$ =? by ! t]rible     
figures ( ! ,eum5ides1 ) gorgon faces & 
blood-dropp+ eyes1 foll[+ sil5tly b     
remorselessly ^? ^u ^: track !y h be5   
set2 & :i* 9 ,%akespe>e are repres5t$ 9 
! s\l-curdl+ sc5es ( ,macbe? & ,ri*>d   
,,iii4  ,he 0 seiz$ ) an uncontrollable 
desire to undo :at he _h done4  ,!      
money1 on :i* 8 he>t _h be5 set1 0 n[ l 
a spectre to 8 excit$ fancy4  ,e co9    
seem$ to be an eye ?r\gh :i* et]nal     
ju/ice 0 gaz+ at 8 crime or to h a      
tongue cry+ out = v5geance4  ,z ! murd]]
 is irresi/ibly drawn back to ! spot :]e
 8 victim lies1 he return$ to ! place   
:]e 8 de$ ( trea*]y _h be5 transact$ &1 

confront+ ^? by :om he _h be5 employ$1  
h&$ back ! money ) ! passionate         
confession1 ,i h betray$ innoc5t blood4 
,b he _h come to mis]able com=t]s4  ,)  
cynical disda9 !y ask$1 ,:at is t to u8 
,see ?\ to t4  ,!y _h be5 cordial en\gh 
to him :5 he _h come be=e1 b n[1 aft] ! 
in/rum5t has s]v$ _! turn1 !y fl+ x     
contemptu\sly aside4  ,! mis]able man _h
 to turn away f ! scorn ( ! p>tn]s ( 8  
guilt2 b he c\ld keep ! money no        
long]--x 0 burn+ 9 8 h&s--&1 be=e escap+
 f ! prec9cts1 he flung x d[n4  ,?is is 
said to h happ5$ 9 t "p ( ! temple :i*  
c\ld be ent]$ only by ! prie/s2#c & he  
mu/ ei!r h made a ru% across ! =bidd5   
?re%old or avail$ himself ( an op5 door 
to fl+ x 94  ,n only did he desire to be
 rid ( x1 b a passionate impulse urg$   
him to leave ) ! prie/s _! own %>e ( !  
guilt4  ,!n he ru%$ away f ! temple4  ,b
 :]e 0 he go+8  ,oh t x _h be5 9 him to 
flee to ,*ri/--t1 break+ ?r\gh all      
ob/acles & rules1 he _h ru%$ to ,him    
:]ev] ,he 0 to be f\nd & ca/ himself at 

,8 feet6  ,:at if ! soldi]s _h cut him  
d[n8 ,!n he w\ld h be5 ! m>tyr (        
p5it5ce1 & t v day he w\ld h be5 ) ,*ri/
 9 ,p>adise4  ,judas rep5t$ ( 8 s92 he  
confess$ x2 he ca/ f him ! rew>d (      
iniquity2 b 8 p5it5ce lack$ ! elem5t :i*
 is mo/ ess5tial ( all--he did n turn to
 ,god4  ,true rep5tance is n ! m]e      
horror & excitem5t ( a t]rifi$          
consci5ce3 x is ! call ( ,god2 x is     
lett+ g ! evil because ! good has       
prevail$2 x includes fai? z well z fe>4 
,,iv4  ,! mann] ( 8 end is also us$ z an
 argum5t 9 fav\r ( ! m hon\rable view ( 
,judas4  ,! act ( suicide is "o :i* has 
n infrequ5tly be5 inve/$ ) a glam\r (   
romance1 & to g out ( life ! ,roman way1
 z x is call$1 has be5 consid]$1 ev5 by 
,*ri/ians1 an evid5ce ( unusual /r5g? ( 
m9d4  ,! v rev]se is1 h[ev]1 ! true "* (
 suicide3 except 9 ^? melan*oly cases   
:]e ! reason is impair$1 x mu/ be       
pron\nc$ ! mo/ contemptible act ( :i* a 
human be+ is capable4  ,x is an escape f
 ! burd5s & responsibilities ( exi/5ce2 

b ^! burd5s & responsibilities are left 
to be borne by o!rs1 & along ) !m is    
left an intol]able h]itage ( %ame4  ,f a
 religi\s po9t ( view x appe>s 9 a /ill 
worse light4  ,n only does ! suicide1 z 
ev5 hea!n writ]s h argu$1 des]t ! po/ ( 
duty :]e ,provid5ce has plac$ him1 b he 
virtually d5ies ! "* & ev5 ! exi/5ce (  
,god4  ,he d5ies ,8 "*1 =1 if he believ$
 9 ,8 m]cy & love1 he w\ld flee to      
in/ead ( f ,him2 & he d5ies ,8 exi/5ce1 
= no "o :o believ$ t he 0 to meet ,god  
on ! o!r side ( ! veil w\ld d>e 9 ?is   
disord]ly way to ru% into ,8 pres5ce4   
,! mode ( ,judas' suicide 0             
*>act]i/ically base4  ,hang+ does n     
appe> to h be5 at all usual among !     
,jews4  ,9 ! entire ,old ,te/am5t !re is
 said to occur only a s+le case2 &1     
/range to say1 x is t ( ! man :o1 9 !   
pr9cipal act ( 8 life also1 0 !         
prototype ( ,judas4  ,ahi?ophel1 !      
c\nsellor & fri5d ( ,david1 betray$ 8   
ma/]1 z ,judas betray$ ,*ri/2 & he came 
to ! same ignom9i\s end4  ,x w\ld seem1 

fur!r1 t ! hang+ ( ,judas 0 accompani$ )
 circum/ances ( unusual horror4  ,?is we
 ga!r f ! acc\nt 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,acts4#d  
,! t]ms employ$ are obscure2 b !y       
probably signify t ! suicidal act 0     
att5d$ by a clumsy accid5t1 9 consequ5ce
 ( :i* ! body1 be+ susp5d$ ov] a        
precipice & sudd5ly dropp$ by ! snapp+ (
 ! rope1 0 mangl$ 9 a %ock+ mann]1 :i*  
made a pr(\nd impression on all :o he>d 
( x4#e  ,& ?is s5se ( 8 end be+ accurs$ 
0 fur!r acc5tuat$ 9 ! m9ds ( ! e>ly     
,*ri/ians by ! circum/ance t ! money =  
:i* he _h sold ,*ri/ 0 ev5tually us$ = !
 pur*ase ( a gravey>d = bury+ /rang]s 94
  ,! prie/s1 ?\gh !y pick$ up ! co9s f !
 floor ov] :i* ,judas _h /rewn !m1 did  
n1 scrupul\s m51 consid] !m good en\gh  
to be put 9 ! sacr$ treasury2 s !y      
appli$ !m to ?is purpose4  ,! public    
wit1 he>+ ( x1 dubb$ ! place ! ,field ( 
,blood2 & ?us ! cemet]y became a k9d (  
monum5t to ! traitor1 ( :i* he took     
possession z ! fir/ ( ! outca/s = :om x 
0 design$4   ,! _w has agre$ to reg>d   

,judas z ! *ief ( s9n]s2 b1 9 s judg+1 x
 has exce$$ its pr]ogative4  ,man is n  
compet5t to judge 8 bro!r4  ,!          
ma/]-passion ( ,judas 0 a base "o2      
,dante may be "r 9 consid]+ trea*]y !   
wor/ ( crimes2 & ! supreme excell5ce (  
,*ri/ affixes an unp>allel$ /igma to !  
injury inflict$ on ,him4  ,b ! motives (
 action are too hidd51 & ! hi/ory ( e   
de$ is too complicat$1 to ju/ify u 9    
say+ :o is ! wor/ ( m54  ,x is n at all 
likely t ^? :om human op9ion w\ld rank  
highe/ 9 m]it or sa9tl9ess w be assign$ 
! same positions 9 ! rew>ds ( ! la/ day2
 & x is j z unlikely t human e/imates   
are "r :5 !y v5ture to assign ! degrees 
( f9al condemnation4  ,two ?+s x is our 
duty to d 9 reg>d to ,judas3 fir/1 n s  
to palliate 8 s9 z to blunt ! heal?y1   
natural abhorr5ce ( x2 &1 secondly1 n to
 ?9k ( him z a s9n] ap>t & alone1 ) a   
nature s diff]5t f our own t to u he c  
be no example4  ,b = ! re/1 !re is only 
"o v]dict :i* is at once righte\s1      
dignifi$ & safe2 & x is conta9$ 9 !     

decl>ation ( ,/4 ,pet]1 t he w5t to 8   
own place4    #a ,hanna1 9 ,! ,la/ ,day 
( ,our ,"l's ,passion1 attempts to      
comb9e bo? motives1 b )\t be+ able      
really to unite !m2 !y rema9 z di/9ct z 
oil & wat]4  #b ,if1 z ,/4 ,mat!w seems 
to indicate1 ,judas disappe>$ f ! sc5e  
long be=e ! end ( ! trial1 ?is is       
/rongly aga9/ ! !ory ( ,de ,qu9cey1     
accord+ to :i* he mu/ h /ay$ to ! la/   
mom5t1 hop+ to see ,jesus ass]t         
,himself4  #c ,en to nao4  #d ,/4 ,mat!w
 kn[s be/ ! beg9n+1 ,/4 ,luke ! end ( ! 
/ory4  #e ,de ,qu9cey's int]pretation ( 
! words z a description ( m5tal angui%  
mu/ be felt by e read] ( ! brilliant    
essay to be =c$ & unnatural4     ,,*apt]
 ,x4  ,,via ,,dolorosa  ,we h f9i%$ !   
fir/ "p ( our !me--! ,trial ( ,jesus--& 
turn n[ to ! second & m solemn "p (     
x--,8 ,dea?4  ,! trial _h be5 little    
bett] ?an a mock]y ( ju/ice3 on ! "p ( !
 ecclesia/ical au?ority x 0 a =egone    
conclusion1 & on ! "p ( ! civil au?ority
 x 0 ! surr5d] ( a life ackn[l$g$ to be 

innoc5t to ! ends ( selfi%ness & policy4
  ,b at la/ x 0 ov]1 & no?+ rema9$ b to 
c>ry ! unju/ s5t5ce into execution4  ,s 
! tribunal ( ,pilate 0 clos$ = ! day2 ! 
prec9cts ( ! palace 7 des]t$ by !       
multitude2 & ! procession ( dea? 0 =m$4 
,i4  ,p]sons condemn$ to dea? 9 mod]n   
times are all[$ a few weeks1 or at lea/ 
days1 to prep>e = et]nity2 b ,jesus 0   
crucifi$ ! same day on :i* ,he 0        
condemn$4  ,!re 0 a m]ciful law ( ,rome 
9 exi/5ce at ! "t1 orda9+ t t5 days %\ld
 int]v5e betwe5 ! pass+ ( a capital     
s5t5ce & its execution2 b ei!r ?is 0 n  
int5d$ = use 9 ! prov9ces or ,jesus 0   
judg$ to be outside ! scope ( its m]cy1 
because ,he _h made ,himself a k+4 ,at  
all ev5ts ,he 0 hurri$ /raight f !      
judgm5t-seat to ! place ( execution1 )\t
 opportunity = prep>ation or f>ewells4  
,( c\rse ! s5t5ce 0 c>ri$ out by !      
soldi]s ( ,pilate4  ,/4 ,john1 inde$1   
speaks z if ,pilate _h simply surr5d]$  
,him into ! h&s ( ! ,jews1 & !y _h se5  
to ! execution4  ,b ?is only means t !  

moral responsibility 0 !irs4  ,!y did   
ev]y?+ 9 _! p[] to id5tify !mselves ) ! 
de$4  ,s int5t 7 !y on ! dea? ( ,jesus1 
t !y c\ld n leave ! "w to ! prop]       
p>ties1 b foll[$ ! execution]s &        
sup]9t5d$ _! op]ations4  ,! actual "w1  
h[ev]1 0 p]=m$ by ! h&s ( ,roman soldi]s
 ) a c5turion at _! head4  ,9 ?is c\ntry
 executions are n[ c>ri$ out 9 private1 
inside ! walls ( ! prison 9 :i* !       
crim9al has be5 conf9$4  ,n _m ye>s ago1
 h[ev]1 !y took place 9 public2 & n _m  
g5]ations ago ! procession ( dea? made a
 t\r ( ! public /reets1 t ! condemn$ man
 might come "u ! obs]vation &           
mal$ictions ( z _m ( ! public z         
possible4  ,?is also 0 ! mann] ( ,*ri/'s
 dea?4  ,bo? among ! ,jews & ! ,romans  
executions took place outside ! gate ( !
 city4  ,! traditional sc5e ( ,*ri/'s   
dea?1 ov] :i* ! ,*ur* ( ! ,holy         
,sepul*re is built1 is inside ! pres5t  
walls1 b ^? :o believe 9 its au!nticity 
ma9ta9 t x 0 outside ! wall ( t date4   
,?is1 h[ev]1 is extremely d\btful2 &1   

inde$1 x is q unc]ta9 outside :i* gate (
 ! city ! execution took place4  ,! "n  
,calv>y or ,golgo?a probably indicates t
 ! spot 0 a skull-l knoll2 b !re is no  
reason to ?9k t x 0 a hill ( ! size     
suppos$ by designat+ x ,m\nt ,calv>y4   
,inde$1 !re is no hill ne> any gate     
correspond+ to ! image 9 ! popul>       
imag9ation4  ,9 mod]n ,j]usalem !re is a
 /reet po9t$ out z ! v]itable ,via      
,dolorosa along :i* ! procession pass$2 
b ?is also is m ?an d\btful4  ,l anci5t 
,rome1 anci5t ,j]usalem is buri$ b5ea? !
 rubbi% ( c5turies4#a ,f ! sc5e ( !     
trial to ! suppos$ site ( ! execution is
 ne>ly a mile4  ,& x is q possible t    
,jesus may h _h to travel z f> or f>!r1 
:ile an ev]-increas+ multitude (        
spectators ga!r$ r\nd ! advanc+         
procession4  ,"o special indignity      
connect$ ) ! puni%m5t ( crucifixion 0 t 
! condemn$ man _h to c>ry on 8 back     
?r\gh ! /reets ! cross ^u :i* he 0 ab\t 
to suff]4  ,9 pictures ! cross ( ,jesus 
is g5]ally repres5t$ z a l(ty /ructure1 

su* z a numb] ( m5 w\ld h be5 ne$$ to   
c>ry2 b ! reality 0 some?+ totally      
diff]5t3 x 0 n mu* above ! height ( a   
man1#b & !re 0 j en\gh ( wood to support
 ! body4  ,b ! weight 0 consid]able1 &  
to c>ry x on ! back :i* _h be5 torn )   
sc\rg+ mu/ h be5 excessively pa9ful4    
,ano!r s\rce ( int5se pa9 0 ! cr[n (    
?orns1 if1 inde$1 ,he /ill wore x4  ,we 
are told t be=e ! procession set out    
t[>ds ,golgo?a ! robes ( mock]y 7 tak5  
(f & ,8 own g>m5ts put on2 b x is n said
 t ! cr[n ( ?orns 0 remov$4  ,mo/ cruel 
( all1 h[ev]1 0 ! %ame4  ,!re 0 a k9d ( 
savage irony 9 mak+ ! man c>ry !        
implem5t on :i* he 0 to suff]2 &1 9 po9t
 ( fact1 ?r\gh\t classical lit]ature ?is
 mode ( puni%m5t is a con/ant !me (     
savage bant] & d]ision4#c  ,!re is      
evid5ce t ! imag9ation ( ,jesus _h      
occupi$ itself specially be=eh& ) ?is   
portion ( ,8 suff]+s4  ,long be=e ! end 
,he _h pr$ict$ ! k9d ( dea? ,he %\ld    
die2 b ev5 be=e ^! pr$ictions _h comm5c$
 ,he _h describ$ ! sacrifices :i* w\ld h

 to be made by ^? :o became ,8 disciples
 z cross-be>+--z if ?is 7 ! la/ extreme 
( suff]+ & indignity4  ,did ,he s call x
 simply because ,8 k ( ! _w in=m$ ,him (
 ?is z "o ( ! greate/ indignities (     
human life8 or 0 x ! =ekn[l$ge t ,he    
,himself 0 to be "o day 9 ?is position  
:i* col\r$ ,8 language8  ,we c h>dly    
d\bt t ! latt] 0 ! case4  ,& n[ ! h\r on
 :i* ,8 imag9ation _h dwelt 0 come1 & 9 
weakness & helplessness ,he _h to be> ! 
cross 9 ! sight ( ?\s&s :o reg>d$ ,him )
 scorn4  ,to a noble _s !re is no trial 
m sev]e ?an %ame--to be ! object ( cruel
 mir? & insol5t triumph4  ,jesus _h !   
l(ty & ref9$ self-consci\sness ( "o :o  
nev] once _h ne$$ to cr+e or /oop4 ,he  
lov$ & hon\r$ m5 too mu* n to wi% to be 
lov$ & hon\r$ by !m2 ,he _h enjoy$ days 
( unb\nd$ popul>ity1 b n[ ,8 s\l 0 fill$
 ) reproa* to ! utt]mo/2 & ,he c\ld h   
appropriat$ ! words ( ! ,psalm1 ,i am a 
worm & no man2 a reproa* ( m5 & despis$ 
( ! p4  ,! reproa* ( ,*ri/ is all turn$ 
into glory n[2 & x is v difficult to    

realise h[ abject ! reality 04  ,no?+   
p]haps br+s ?is out s well z ! fact t   
two robb]s 7 s5t away to be execut$ )   
,him4  ,?is has be5 reg>d$ z a special  
insult (f]$ to ! ,jews by ,pilate1 :o   
wi%$ to %[ h[ contemptu\sly he c\ld     
treat ,"o :om he affect$ to believe _!  
k+4  ,b m likely x is an indication ( h[
 little m ,*ri/ 0 to ! ,roman (ficials  
?an any "o ( ! prison]s :om !y put ?r\gh
 _! h&s day by day4  ,pilate1 no d\bt1  
_h be5 int]e/$ & puzzl$ m ?an usual2 b1 
aft] all1 ,jesus 0 only "o ( _m2 ,8     
execution c\ld be made "p ( ! same job )
 t ( ! o!r prison]s on h&4  ,& s ! ?ree1
 be>+ _! crosses1 issu$ f ! gates ( !   
palace toge!r & took ! ,dolor\s ,way4   
,,ii4  ,?\gh ,he bore ,8 own cross out (
 ! palace ( ,pilate1 ,he 0 n able to    
c>ry x f>4  ,ei!r ,he sank b5ea? x on ! 
road or ,he 0 proce$+ ) su* sl[ & falt]+
 /eps t ! soldi]s1 impati5t ( ! delay1  
recognis$ t ! burd5 mu/ be remov$ f ,8  
%\ld]s4  ,! sev]ity ( ! sc\rg+ 0 9      
itself suffici5t to acc\nt = ?is        

breakd[n2 b1 besides1 we are to consid] 
! sleepless night ?r\gh :i* ,he _h      
pass$1 ) its anxiety & abuse2 & be=e x  
!re _h be5 ! agony ( ,ge?semane4  ,no   
wond] ,8 exhau/ion _h rea*$ a po9t at   
:i* x 0 absolutely impossible = ,him to 
proce$ f>!r ) su* a burd54  ,"o or two (
 ! soldi]s might h reliev$ ,him2 b1 9 ! 
_s ( horseplay & mis*ief :i* _h         
*>act]is$ _! "p ( ! proce$+s f ! mom5t  
:5 ,*ri/ fell into _! h&s1 !y lay hold (
 a casual pass]-by & requisition$ 8     
s]vices = ! purpose4  ,he 0 com+ 9 f !  
region beyond ! gate z !y 7 go+ out1 &  
!y act$ "u ! sanction ( milit>y law or  
cu/om4  ,to ! man x mu/ h be5 an extreme
 annoyance & indignity4 ,d\btless he 0  
b5t on bus9ess ( 8 own1 :i* _h to be    
def]r$4 ,8 family or 8 fri5ds might be  
wait+ = him1 b he 0 turn$ ! opposite    
way4  ,to t\* ! in/rum5t ( dea? 0 z     
revolt+ to him z x w\ld be to u to h&le 
! hangman's rope2 p]haps m s1 because x 
0 ,passov] "t1 & ?is w\ld make him      
c]emonially unclean4  ,x 0 a je/ ( !    

soldi]s1 & he 0 _! laugh+-/ock4  ,z he  
walk$ by ! side ( ! robb]s1 x look$ z if
 he 7 on ! way to execution himself4    
,?is is a lively image ( ! cross-be>+ to
 :i* ! foll[]s ( ,*ri/ are call$4  ,we  
are wont to speak ( tr\ble ( any k9d z a
 cross2 & d\btless any k9d ( tr\ble may 
be borne bravely 9 ! "n ( ,*ri/4  ,b1   
prop]ly speak+1 ! cross ( ,*ri/ is :at  
is borne 9 ! act ( confess+ ,him or = ! 
sake ( ,8 "w4  ,:5 anyone makes a /& =  
pr9ciple1 because he is a ,*ri/ian1 &   
takes ! consequ5ces 9 ! %ape ( scorn or 
loss1 ?is is ! cross ( ,*ri/4  ,! pa9 y 
may feel 9 speak+ to ano!r 9 ,*ri/'s "n1
 ! sacrifice ( com=t or "t y may make 9 
engag+ 9 ,*ri/ian "w1 ! self-d5ial y    
ex]cise 9 giv+ ( y\r means t ! cause (  
,*ri/ may spread at home or abroad1 !   
reproa* y may h to be> by id5tify+      
y\rself ) militant causes or ) despis$  
p]sons1 because y believe !y are on     
,*ri/'s side--9 su* conduct lies ! cross
 ( ,*ri/4  ,x involves tr\ble1 discom=t 
& sacrifice4  ,"o may fret "u x1 z      

,simon did2 "o may s9k "u x1 z ,jesus   
did ,himself2 x is ugly1 pa9ful1 %ameful
 (t52 b no disciple is )\t x4  ,our     
,ma/] said1 ,he t take? n 8 cross &     
foll[e? aft] ,me is n wor?y ( ,me4      
,,iii4  ,! "o ?+ :i* makes ,simon an    
imp]fect type ( ! cross-be>] is t we are
 unc]ta9 :e!r or n he bore ! burd5      
volunt>ily4 ,! ,roman soldi]s =c$ x on  
him2 b 0 x =ce-"w & no?+ else8  ,"s h   
suppos$ t he 0 an adh]5t ( ,*ri/2 b x is
 extremely improbable t1 j at ! mom5t :5
 ! soldi]s ne$$ someone = _! purpose1 "o
 ( ! v few foll[]s ( ,jesus %\ld h      
appe>$4  ,! tone ( ! n>rative seems r to
 indicate t he 0 "o :o happ5$ to be !re 
by m]e *ance & _h no?+ to d ) ! proce$+s
 till1 aga9/ 8 w1 he 0 made an actor 9 !
 drama4  ,he is said by ! ,evangeli/ to 
h be5 a ,cyr5ian1 t is1 an inhabitant ( 
,cyr5e1 a city 9 ,nor? ,africa4         
,/rang]s f ?is place are m5tion$ among  
^? :o 7 pres5t soon aft] at ! ,fea/ (   
,p5teco/1 :5 ! ,holy ,_s desc5d$ on !   
,*ur* 9 tongues ( fire4  ,& !           

probability is t ,simon _h1 9 a simil>  
way1 come f 8 di/ant home to !          
,passov]4#d  ,he _h come on pilgrimage4 
,p]haps he 0 a dev\t s\l1 wait+ = !     
consolation ( ,israel4  ,9 f> ,cyr5e he 
may h be5 pray+ = ! com+ ( ! ,messiah &1
 be=e sett+ out on ?is j\rney1 plead+ = 
a season ( unusual bless+4  ,god _h he>d
 & 0 go+ to answ] 8 pray]s1 b 9 a way   
totally diff]5t f 8 expectations4  ,=   
app>5tly ?is r5contre issu$ 9 8         
salvation & 9 ! salvation ( 8 h\se4  ,! 
,evangeli/ calls him famili>ly ! fa!r ( 
,alex&] & ,rufus4  ,evid5tly ! two sons 
7 well kn[n to ^? = :om ,/4 ,m>k 0      
writ+2 t is1 !y 7 memb]s ( ! ,*ri/ian   
circle4  ,& !re c be little d\bt t !    
connection ( 8 family ) ! ,*ur* 0 !     
result ( ?is incid5t 9 ! fa!r's life4   
,/4 ,m>k wrote 8 ,gospel = ! ,*ri/ians (
 ,rome2 & 9 ! ,epi/le to ! ,romans "o   
,rufus is m5tion$ z resid5t !re along ) 
8 "m4  ,?is may be "o ( ! sons ( ,simon4
  ,& 9 ,acts xiii4 #a "o ,simeon--! same
 "n z ,simon--is m5tion$ along ) a      

,lucius ( ,cyr5e z a conspicu\s ,*ri/ian
 at ,antio*3 he is call$ ,nig]1 or      
,black1 a "n n surpris+ = "o :o _h be5  
tann$ by ! hot sun ( ,africa4  ,!re are 
,alex&]s m5tion$ else:]e 9 ! ,new       
,te/am5t2 b ! "n 0 common1 & !re is n   
mu* probability t any ( !m is to be     
id5tifi$ ) ,simon's son4  ,/ill putt+ ! 
details aside1 we h suffici5tly cle>    
indications t 9 consequ5ce ( ?is incid5t
 ,simon became a ,*ri/ian4  ,is x n a   
significant fact1 prov+ t no?+ happ5s by
 *ance8 ,_h ,simon ent]$ ! city "o h\r  
soon]1 or "o h\r lat]1 8 aft] hi/ory    
might h be5 entirely diff]5t4  ,on !    
smalle/ circum/ances ! greate/ results  
may h+e4  ,a *ance meet+ may det]m9e !  
weal or woe ( a life4  ,d\btless to     
,simon ?is enc\nt] seem$ at ! mom5t !   
mo/ un=tunate incid5t t c\ld h befall5  
him--an int]ruption1 an annoyance & a   
humiliation2 yet x turn$ out to be !    
gateway ( life4  ,?us d bless+s         
sometimes come 9 disguise1 & out ( an   
app>ition1 at ! sight ( :i* we cry out =

 fe>1 may sudd5ly issue ! =m ( ! ,son ( 
,man4  ,b x 0 n ,simon's own salvation  
only t 0 involv$ 9 ?is s+ul> exp]i5ce1 b
 t ( 8 family z well4  ,h[ mu* may foll[
 :5 ,*ri/ is reveal$ to any human s\l6  
,! salvation ( ^? yet unborn may be     
involv$ 9 x--( *ildr5 & *ildr5's *ildr54
  ,b ?9k h[ bless$ to ,simon w\ld appe> 
9 aft] days ! cross-be>+ :i* 0 at ! "t s
 bitt]6  ,no d\bt x became ! romance ( 8
 life4  ,& to ?is day :o c help envy+   
him = be+ all[$ to give 8 /r5g? to !    
fa9t+ ,savi\r & to remove ! burd5 f t   
ble$+ & sm>t+ back8  ,s = all m5 !re is 
a day com+ :5 any s]vice !y h done to   
,*ri/ w be ! memory ( :i* !y w be mo/   
pr\d4  ,x w n be ! recollection ( !     
prizes we h won1 ! pleasures we h       
enjoy$1 ! discom=ts we h escap$1 t w    
come back to u ) delight z we review    
life f its close2 b1 if we h d5i$       
ourselves & borne ! cross = ,*ri/'s     
sake1 ! memory ( t w be a pill[ s(t &   
satisfy+ = a dy+ head4  ,9 t day we %all
 wi% t ! m9utes giv5 to ,*ri/'s s]vice  

_h be5 ye>s1 & ! p5ce p\nds2 & e cup (  
cold wat] & e ^w ( sympa?y & e act (    
self d5ial w be s pleasant to rememb] t 
we %all wi% !y _h be5 multipli$ a       
?\s&fold4    #a ,int]e/+ details 9      
,ross's ,cradle ( ,*ri/ianity4  #b ,a   
soldi] 0 able to rea* up to ! lips (    
,*ri/ on ! cross ) a sponge on a re$4   
#c ,see ,horace1 ,s4 ii4 #g1 #dg2 ,e4 i4
 #af1 #dh4  #d ,_m ,jews1 inde$1 :o _h  
once be5 inhabitants ( ,cyr5e liv$ 9    
,j]usalem--old p1 probably1 :o _h come  
to lay _! bones 9 holy gr\nd2 = we le>n 
f an incid5tal notice 9 ! ,acts t !y _h 
a synagogue ( _! own 9 ! city2 & ,simon 
may h be5 "o ( ^!4  ,b ! o!r is ! m     
likely case4     ,,*apt] ,,xi4  ,,!     
,,daught]s ,,( ,,j]usalem  ,!re are _m  
leg5ds clu/]+ r\nd ?is portion ( our    
,"l's hi/ory4  ,x is n>rat$1 = example1 
t1 :5 ! div9e ,suff]]1 burd5$ ) ! cross1
 0 creep+ along feebly & sl[ly1 ,he     
lean$ aga9/ ! door ( a h\se :i* /ood 9 !
 way1 :5 ! occupi]1 /rik+ a bl[1 comm&$ 
,him to hurry on2 to :i* ! ,"l1 turn+ to

 ,8 assailant1 repli$1 ,?\ %all g on &  
nev] /op till ,i come aga92 & to ?is    
day1 unable to f9d ei!r re/ or dea?1 !  
mis]able man /ill po/s ov] ! e>?1 & %all
 cont9ue do+ s until ! ,"l's return4    
,?is is ! leg5d ( ! ,w&]+ ,jew1 :i*     
assum$ _m =ms 9 ! lore ( o!r days & /ill
 plays a some:at prom95t "p 9 lit]ature4
  ,x is1 ,i suppose1 a fanta/ic         
repres5tation1 9 ! p]son ( an           
individual1 ( ! tragic fate ( ! ,jewi%  
race1 :i*1 s9ce ! day :5 x laid viol5t  
h&s on ! ,son ( ,god1 has _h no re/ = ! 
sole ( its foot4  ,to ano!r /ory ( !    
,via ,dolorosa z di/+ui%$ a place has   
be5 giv5 9 art z to ! leg5d ( ! ,w&]+   
,jew 9 lit]ature4 ,v]onica1 a lady 9    
,j]usalem1 see+ ,*ri/1 z ,he pass$ by1  
s9k+ b5ea? ,8 burd51 came out ( h] h\se 
& ) a t[el wa%$ away ! blood &          
p]spiration f ,8 face4  ,& lo6 :5 %e    
exam9$ ! napk9 ) :i* ! *>itable act _h  
be5 p]=m$1 x bore a p]fect lik5ess ( !  
,man ( ,sorr[s4  ,"s ( ! greate/ pa9t]s 
h reproduc$ ?is sc5e1 & x may be        

und]/ood z tea*+ ! lesson t ev5 !       
commone/ ?+s 9 life1 :5 employ$ 9 acts (
 m]cy1 are /amp$ ) ! image &            
sup]scription ( ,*ri/4  ,9 ,roman       
,ca?olic *ur*es !re may g5]ally be se5  
r\nd ! walls a s]ies ( ab\t a doz5      
pictures1 tak5 f ?is "p ( our ,"l's     
life4  ,!y are d5om9at$ ! ,/ations ( !  
,cross1 because ! wor%ipp]s1 go+ r\nd1  
/op to look & m$itate on ! diff]5t      
sc5es4  ,9 ,ca?olic c\ntries ! same idea
 is sometimes c>ri$ out on a m impos+   
scale4  ,on a knoll or hill 9 !         
neighb\rhood ( a t[n ?ree l(ty crosses  
/&2 ! road to !m ?r\gh ! t[n is call$   
,via ,calv>ii1 & at int]vals along ! way
 ! sc5es ( our ,"l's sad j\rney are     
repres5t$ by l>ge frescoes or           
bas-reliefs4  ,b we really "k = c]ta9 ( 
only two incid5ts ( ! ,via ,dolorosa--t 
9 :i* our ,"l 0 reliev$ ( ,8 cross by   
,simon ! ,cyr5ian & t1 :i* we are n[ to 
consid]1 ( ! sympa!tic daught]s (       
,j]usalem4   ,i4  ,! read] ( ! hi/ory ( 
our ,"l 9 its la/ /ages is sat$ )       

horrors4  ,9 "s ( ! sc5es ?r\gh :i* we h
 rec5tly accompani$ ,him we h seem$ to  
be among demons r ?an m54  ,! m9d longs 
= some?+ to relieve ! mon/r\s spectacles
 ( fanatic hate & cold-blood$ cruelty4  
,h5ce ?is sc5e is mo/ welcome1 9 :i* a  
bl9k ( sun%9e falls on ! pa? ( woe1 & we
 are assur$ t we ne$ n lose fai? 9 !    
human he>t4  ,x 01 inde$1 a surpris+    
demon/ration4  ,x w\ld h>dly h be5      
cr$it$1 _h x n !re be5 made manife/1 t  
,jesus _h s /rong a hold ^u any section 
( ! population ( ,j]usalem4  ,9 !       
capital ,he _h always f\nd ! soil v     
unreceptive4  ,j]usalem 0 ! headqu>t]s (
 rabb9ic le>n+ & prie/ly arrogance--!   
home ( ! ,ph>isee & ! ,sadducee1 :o     
guid$ public op9ion2 & !re1 f fir/ to   
la/1 ,he _h made few adh]5ts4  ,x 0 9 ! 
prov9ces1 especially 9 ,galilee1 t ,he  
_h be5 ! idol ( ! populace4  ,x 0 by !  
,galilean pilgrims to ! ,passov] t ,he 0
 convoy$ into ! capital ) %\ts (        
,hosanna2 b ! inhabitants ( ! city /ood 
coldly alo(1 & be=e ,pilate's           

judgm5t-seat !y cri$ out1 ,crucify ,him1
 crucify ,him6  ,yet n[ x turns out t   
,he has t\*$ ! he>t ( "o section at lea/
 ev5 ( ?is community3 ,!re foll[$ ,him a
 great company ( p & ( wom51 :i*#a also 
bewail$ & lam5t$ ,him4  ,"s h consid]$  
?is s extraord9>y t !y h held ^! wom5 to
 be ,galileans2 b ,jesus address$ !m z  
daught]s ( ,j]usalem4 ,! ,galilean m5 :o
 _h surr\nd$ ,him 9 ,8 h\r ( triumph put
 9 no appe>ance n[ 9 ,8 h\r ( despair2 b
 ! wom5 ( ,j]usalem broke away f !      
example ( ! m5 & paid ! tribute ( te>s  
to ,8 y\?1 "* & suff]+s4  ,x is said t  
!re 0 a ,jewi% law =bidd+ ! %[+ ( any   
sympa?y to a condemn$ man2 b1 if s1 ?is 
demon/ration 0 all ! m cr$itable to ^?  
:o took "p 9 x4  ,! upwell+ ( _! emotion
 0 too s9c]e to be damm$ back by b>ri]s 
( law & cu/om4  ,x is said !re is no    
in/ance 9 ! ,gospels ( a woman be+ an   
enemy ( ,jesus4  ,no woman des]t$ or    
betray$1 p]secut$ or oppos$ ,him4  ,b   
wom5 foll[$ ,him1 !y m9i/]$ to ,him ( _!
 sub/ance1 !y wa%$ ,8 feet ) te>s1 !y   

ano9t$ ,8 head ) spik5>d2 & n[1 :5 _!   
husb&s & bro!rs 7 h\nd+ ,him to dea?1 !y
 accompani$ ,him ) weep+ & wail+ to !   
sc5e ( m>tyrdom4#b  ,x is a great       
te/imony to ! "* ( ,*ri/ on ! "o h& & to
 t ( woman on ! o!r4  ,woman's in/9ct   
told h]1 h[ev] dimly %e at fir/         
appreh5d$ ! tru?1 t ?is 0 ! ,deliv]] =  
h]4  ,because1 :ile ,*ri/ is ! ,savi\r (
 all1 ,he has be5 specially ! ,savi\r ( 
woman4  ,at ,8 adv5t1 h] degradation be+
 f> deep] ?an t ( m51 %e ne$$ ,him m2 &1
 :]ev] ,8 gospel has travell$ s9ce !n1 x
 has be5 ! signal = h] emancipation &   
r$emption4  ,8 pres5ce evokes all ! t5d]
 & beautiful qualities :i* are lat5t 9  
h] nature2 & "u ,8 influ5ce h] "*       
exp]i5ces a transfiguration4#c  ,x has1 
inde$1 be5 cont5d$ t !re 0 no great dep?
 9 ! emotion ( ! daught]s ( ,j]usalem2 &
 we ne$ n d5y ! fact4 ,_! emotion 0 no  
outbur/ ( fai? & rep5tance1 c>ry+ ) x   
revolution>y effects1 z te>s may        
sometimes be4  ,x 0 an ov]fl[ ( natural 
feel+1 su* z might h be5 caus$ by any   

pa!tic in/ance ( mis=tune4  ,x 0 n      
unlike ! te>s :i* may be /ill made to   
fl[ f ! eyes ( ! t5d]-he>t$ by a mov+   
acc\nt ( ! suff]+s ( ,*ri/2 & we "k t   
su* emotions are sometimes f> f la/+4   
,our nature consi/s ( sev]al /rata1 (   
:i* emotion is ! mo/ sup]ficial2 & x is 
n en\gh t religion %\ld op]ate 9 ?is    
upp]mo/ region2 x mu/ be ?ru/ d[n1 ?r\gh
 emotion1 into ! deep] regions1 su* z ! 
consci5ce & ! w1 & cat* hold & k9dle    
!re1 be=e x c a*ieve ! ma/]y ( ! entire 
be+4  ,b ?is response ( womanhood to    
,*ri/ 0 a beg9n+2 & !re9 lay its        
significance4  ,x 0 to ,him a =eta/e ( !
 spl5did devotion :i* ,he 0 yet to      
receive f ! womanhood ( ! _w4 ,x 0 z    
welcome to ,him 9 t h\r ( des]tion &    
reproa* z is ! sight ( a tuft ( grass to
 ! ?ir/y travell] 9 ! des]t4 ,! s\nds ( 
sympa?y fl[$ ov] ,8 s\l z gratefully z !
 gift ( ,m>y's love envelop$ ,8 s5ses :5
 ! h\se 0 fill$ ) ! od\r ( ! o9tm5t4    
,?us 9 ! ,via ,dolorosa ,jesus exp]i5c$ 
two alleviations ( ,8 suff]+3 ! /r5g? ( 

a man reliev$ ,8 body ( ! burd5 ( !     
cross1 & ! pa9 ( ,8 s\l 0 cool$ by !    
sympa?y ( wom54 ,is x n a p>able--a     
p>able ( :at m5 & wom5 c d = ,him /ill8 
,*ri/ ne$s ! /r5g? ( m5--! /rong arm1 ! 
vigor\s h&1 ! %\ld]s t c be> ! burd5 (  
,8 cause2 ,he seeks f m5 ! m9d ^:       
orig9ality c plan :at ne$s to be done1 !
 resolute w t pu%es ! "w on 9 spite (   
opposition1 ! lib]al h& t gives         
ungrudg+ly :at is requir$ = ! progress &
 success ( ! ,*ri/ian ent]prise4  ,f    
wom5 he seeks sympa?y & te>s4  ,!y c    
give ! s5sibility :i* keeps ! he>t ( !  
_w f h>d5+2 ! secret k :i* f9ds out !   
objects ( ,*ri/ian compassion & w9s _!  
confid5ce2 ! en?usiasm :i* burns l a    
fire at ! he>t ( religi\s "w4  ,!       
influ5ce ( wom5 is subtle & remote2 b x 
is on ?is acc\nt all ! m p[]ful2 = !y   
sit at ! v f\nta9s1 :]e ! riv] ( human  
life is spr++1 & :]e a t\* may det]m9e  
its entire subsequ5t c\rse4   ,,ii4  ,x 
has be5 all[$ to condemn$ m5 9 all ages 
to speak to ! cr[ds assembl$ to witness 

_! dea?4  ,! dy+ spee* us$ 9 ?is c\ntry 
to be a regul> feature ( executions4    
,ev5 9 ages ( p]secution ! m>tyrs 7     
usually all[$1 z !y asc5d$ ! ladd]1 to  
address ! multitude2 & ^! te/imonies1 "s
 ( :i* 7 ( s+ul> p[] & beauty1 7        
treasur$ by ! religi\s section ( !      
community4  ,x is no?+ surpris+1 !re=e1 
t ,jesus %\ld h address$ ^? :o foll[$   
,him or %\ld h be5 p]mitt$ to d s4  ,no 
d\bt ,he 0 at ! la/ po9t ( exhau/ion1 b1
 :5 ,he 0 reliev$ ( ! weight ( ! cross1 
,he 0 able to rally /r5g? suffici5t =   
?is ef=t4  ,paus+ 9 ! road & turn+ to ! 
wom51 ^: weep+ & wail+ 7 fill+ ,8 e>s1  
,he address$ ,himself to !m4  ,8 words  
are1 9 ! fir/ place1 a revelation (     
,himself4  ,!y %[ :at 0 demon/rat$ aga9 
& aga9 dur+ ! crucifixion--h[ completely
 ,he c\ld =get ,8 own suff]+s 9 c>e &   
anxiety = o!rs4  ,8 suff]+s _h already  
be5 extreme2 ,8 s\l _h be5 fill$ )      
inju/ice & insult2 at ?is v mom5t ,8    
body 0 quiv]+ ) pa9 & ,8 m9d d>k5$ ) !  
approa* ( /ill m atroci\s agonies4      

,yet1 :5 ,he he>d beh9d ,him ! sobs ( ! 
daught]s ( ,j]usalem1 !re ru%$ ov] ,8   
s\l a wave ( compassion 9 :i* = ! mom5t 
,8 own tr\bles 7 subm]g$4  ,we see 9 ,8 
words1 too1 ! dep? & f]v\r ( ,8         
patriotism4 ,:5 ,he saw ! te>s ( ! wom51
 ! spectacle rais$ 9 ,8 m9d an image ( !
 doom imp5d+ ov] ! city ^: daught]s !y  
74 ,j]usalem1 z has be5 already said1 _h
 always be5 extremely unresponsive to   
,him2 %e _h play$ to ,him an unmo!rly   
"p4  ,none ! less1 h[ev]1 did ,he feel =
 h] ! love ( a loyal son4  ,he _h %[n   
?is a few days be=e1 :51 9 ! mid/ ( ,8  
triumph1 ,he paus$ on ! br[ ( ,olivet1  
:]e ! city came into view1 & bur/ into a
 flood ( te>s1 accompani$ ) su* a lyric 
cry ( affection z has nev] be5 address$ 
to any o!r city on e>?4  ,subsequ5tly1  
sitt+ ) ,8 disciples ov] aga9/ ! temple1
 ,he %[$ h[ well ,he =eknew ! t]rible   
fate :i* hung ov] ! capital ( ,8 c\ntry1
 & h[ poignantly ,he felt x4  ,! city's 
doom 0 nigh at h&3 less ?an half a      
c5tury di/ant3 & x 0 to be unp>allel$ 9 

its horror4  ,! secul> hi/orian ( x1    
himself a ,jew1 says 9 8 n>rative3 ,!re 
has nev] be5 a race on e>?1 & !re nev] w
 be "o1 ^: suff]+s c be mat*$ ) ^? (    
,j]usalem 9 ! days ( ! siege4  ,x 0 !   
=esight ( ?is :i* made ,jesus n[ say1   
,daught]s ( ,j]usalem1 weep n = ,me1 b  
weep = y\rselves & = y\r *ildr54  ,8    
words1 /ill fur!r1 reveal ,8            
consid]ation = wom5 & *ildr54  ,! te>s (
 ! wom5 display$ an appreciation &      
sympa?y = ,him su* z ! m5 7 incapable (2
 b well did ,he des]ve !m1 = ,8 words %[
 t ,he _h a compreh5sion ( wom5 & a     
sympa?y ) !m su* z _h nev] be=e exi/$ 9 
! _w4 ,) ! =ce ( ! imag9ation & ! he>t  
,he realis$ h[1 9 ! approa*+ siege1 !   
heavie/ end ( ! mis]y w\ld fall on !    
female portion ( ! population1 & h[ !   
mo!rs w\ld be w\nd$ ?r\gh _! *ildr54  ,9
 t c\ntry1 :]e *ildr5 7 reg>d$ z ! cr[n 
& glory ( womanhood1 ! curr5ts ( nature 
w\ld be s completely rev]s$ by ! madness
 ( hung] & pa9 t b>r5ness w\ld be e/eem$
 =tunate2 & 9 a c\ntry :]e l5g? ( days  

_h be5 consid]$ ! supreme bless+ ( life 
!y w\ld long & cry = sudd5 & e>ly dea?4 
,s x actually turn$ out4  ,an out/&+    
feature ( ! siege ( ,j]usalem1 accord+  
to ! secul> hi/orian1 0 ! suff]+ ( !    
wom5 & *ildr54  ,besides us+ e o!r      
device ( w>f>e1 ! ,romans delib]ately   
resort$ to />vation1 & ! inhabitants    
endur$ ! utt]mo/ extremities ( hung]4   
,s fr5zi$ did ! m5 become at la/ t e    
extra m\? requir+ to be fill$ became an 
object ( deliri\s suspicion1 & ! la/    
morsels 7 snat*$ f ! lips ( ! wom5 &    
*ildr54  ,"o is tempt$ to quote "s ( !  
/ories ( ,josephus ab\t ?is1 b !y are s 
awful t x w\ld be sc>cely dec5t to      
repeat !m4  ,?is 0 :at ! quick sympa?y (
 ,jesus enabl$ ,him to div9e2 & ,8      
compassion gu%$ =? t[>ds ^? :o 7 to be !
 *ief suff]]s4  ,wom5 & *ildr5--h[      
irrev]5tly !y h be5 ?\ght (1 h[ call\sly
 & brutally treat$1 s9ce hi/ory began6  
,yet !y are always ! majority ( ! human 
race4  ,praise be to ,him :o lift$ !m1 &
 is /ill lift+ !m1 out ( ! du/ (        

degradation & ill-usage1 & :o put 9 on  
_! behalf ! plea ( ju/ice & m]cy6       
,f9ally1 !re 0 9 ! words address$ to !  
daught]s ( ,j]usalem an exhortation to  
rep5tance4  ,:5 ,jesus said1 ,weep =    
y\rselves & = y\r *ildr51 ,he 0 ref]r+ n
 m]ely to ! approa*+ calamities ( !     
city1 b to its guilt4  ,?is 0 indicat$  
mo/ cle>ly 9 ! clos+ words ( ,8 address 
to !m--,= if !y d ^! ?+s 9 a gre5 tree1 
:at %all be done 9 ! dry8  ,he c\ld     
speak ( ,himself z a gre5 tree4  ,he 0  
"y & ,he 0 innoc5t2 to ?is ! te>s ( !   
wom5 te/ifi$2 !re 0 no reason :y ,he    
%\ld die2 yet ,god p]mitt$ all ^! ?+s to
 happ5 to ,him4 ,! ,jewi% nation ought  
also to h be5 a gre5 tree4  ,god _h     
plant$ & t5d$ x2 x _h enjoy$ e          
advantage2 b1 :5 ,he came seek+ fruit on
 x1 ,he f\nd none4  ,x 0 )]$2 ! sap (   
virtue & godl9ess _h gone out ( x2 x 0  
dry & ready = ! burn+2 &1 :5 ! enemy    
came to apply ! firebr&1 :y %\ld ,god   
int]pose8  ,?us did ,jesus attempt once 
m to awak5 rep5tance4 ,he wi%$ to ?ru/ !

 impressions ( ! daught]s ( ,j]usalem   
d[n f ! region ( feel+ into a deep]     
place4  ,!y _h giv5 ,him te>s ( emotion2
 ,he desir$1 besides ^!1 te>s (         
contrition2 = 9 religion no?+ is        
accompli%$ till impression t\*es !      
consci5ce4  ,:e!r any ( !m respond$ 9   
e>ne/ we _c tell4  ,n _m1 x is to be    
fe>$4  ,nor c we tell :e!r by rep5tance 
! de/ruction ( ! ,jewi% /ate might /ill 
h be5 av]t$4  ,at all ev5ts1 ! fire (   
invasion soon fell on ! dry tree1 & x 0 
burnt up4  ,& s9ce !n ^? :o w\ld n weep 
= _! s9s be=e ! /roke ( puni%m5t fell h 
_h to weep )\t ceas+4  ,visitors to     
,j]usalem at ! pres5t day are conduct$  
to a spot call$ ! ,place ( ,wail+1 :]e e
 ,friday repres5tatives ( ! race weep = 
! de/ruction ( _! city & temple4#d  ,?is
 has gone on = c5turies2 & x is only a  
symbol ( ! cup ( a/oni%m5t1 fill$ to !  
brim1 :i* has dur+ _m c5turies be5 held 
to ! lips ( ,israel4  ,s9 mu/ be wept = 
"s "t--if n be=e puni%m5t has fall51 !n 
aft]2 if n 9 "t1 !n 9 et]nity4  ,?is is 

a lesson = all4  ,& has n t f9al ^w (   
,jesus a mean+ = u ev5 m solemn ?an x _h
 = ^? to :om x 0 fir/ address$--,if ^!  
?+s be done 9 a gre5 tree1 :at %all be  
done 9 ! dry8 ,if woe & angui% fell1 z  
!y did1 ev5 on ! ,son ( ,god1 :5 ,he 0  
be>+ ! s9s ( ! _w1 :at w be ! portion ( 
^? :o h to be> _! own8    #a ,!         
p>ticiple ref]s to ! wom5 alone4  #b ,h[
 sl[ we h be5 to ask our si/] memb]s to 
help u6--al?\gh we read ( deaconesses 9 
! e>ly ,*ur*1 & al?\gh we d n read ( a  
s+le woman :o 0 unk9d & unfai?ful to !  
,savi\r :ile "h ^u e>?4  ,m5 7 diabolic 
9 _! cruelty to ,him1 b nev] did a woman
 betray ,him1 mock ,him1 des]t ,him1 nor
 spit 9 ,8 face4  ,_m ( !m *e]$ ,him on 
,8 way to ! ,cross1 wa%+ ,8 feet ) te>s 
be=e m5 pi]c$ !m ) nails1 ano9t+ ,8 head
 ) preci\s p]fume 9 anticipation ( !    
?orns ) :i* m5 cr[n$ ,him4  ,!y wept )  
,him on ! way to ,calv>y1 & 7 true to   
,him to ! v end4  ,& are !y n devot$ &  
true to ,him /ill8  ,:y1 !n1 h we be5 s 
long 9 call+ = _! s]vices8--,e4 ,,h]b]t 

,,evans1 ,d4,d4  #c ,brace1 ,ge/a       
,*ri/i4  #d ,/rik+ description 9        
,b>+-,g\ld1 ,! ,passion ( ,jesus1 p4    
#ge4     ,,*apt] ,,xii4  ,,calv>y       
,anyone writ+ on ! life ( our ,"l mu/ _m
 a "t pause 9 secret & exclaim to       
himself1 ,x is high z heav51 :at can/ ?\
 d8 deep] ?an hell1 :at can/ ?\ "k8  ,b 
we h n[ arriv$ at ! po9t :]e ?is s5se ( 
inadequacy falls mo/ oppressively on !  
he>t4  ,to-day we are to see ,*ri/      
crucifi$4  ,b :o is wor?y to look at ?is
 sight8  ,:o is able to speak ( x8  ,su*
 k is too wond]ful = me2 x is high2 ,i  
_c atta9 unto x4  ,9 ! pres5ce ( su* a  
subject "o feels "o's m9d to be l "s t9y
 creature at ! bottom ( ! sea--z        
incapable ( compreh5d+ x all z is !     
cru/acean ( scoop+ up ! ,atlantic 9 its 
%ell4  ,?is spot to :i* we h come is !  
c5tre ( all ?+s4  ,"h two et]nities     
meet4  ,! /reams ( anci5t hi/ory conv]ge
 "h1 & "h ! riv] ( mod]n hi/ory takes   
its rise4  ,! eyes ( patri>*s & prophets
 /ra9$ =w>d to ,calv>y1 & n[ ! eyes (   

all g5]ations & ( all races look back to
 x4  ,?is is ! end ( all roads4  ,!     
seek] aft] tru?1 :o has explor$ ! realms
 ( k1 comes to ,calv>y & f9ds at la/ t  
he has rea*$ ! c5tre4  ,! we>y he>t (   
man1 t has w&]$ ! _w ov] 9 se>* ( p]fect
 sympa?y & love1 at la/ arrives "h &    
f9ds re/4  ,?9k h[ _m s\ls e ,"l's ,day1
 assembl$ 9 *ur* & *apel & meet+-h\se1  
are ?9k+ ( ,golgo?a6 h[ _m eyes are     
turn$ ?i!r e day f b$s ( sickness &     
*amb]s ( dea?6 ,"l1 to :om c we g8  ,?\ 
ha/ ! words ( et]nal life4  ,?\gh1      
!re=e1 ! !me is too high = u1 yet we w  
v5ture =w>d4  ,x is too high = human    
?\ght2 yet n[h]e else is ! m9d s exalt$ 
& ennobl$4  ,at ,calv>y poets h sung _! 
sweete/ /ra9s1 & arti/s se5 _! sublime/ 
visions1 & ?9k]s excogitat$ _! noble/   
ideas4  ,! cru/acean lies at ! bottom ( 
! ocean1 & ! _w ( wat]s rolls above x2 x
 _c 9 its t9y %ell compreh5d ^! leagues 
^u leagues ( solid transluc5t va/ness2 &
 yet ! ocean fills its %ell & causes its
 little body to ?rob ) p]fect happ9ess4 

,& s1 ?\gh we _c take 9 all ! mean+ ( ! 
sc5e be=e :i* we /&1 yet we c fill m9d &
 he>t ) x to ! brim1 &1 z x s5ds ?r\gh  
our be+ ! pulsations ( a life div9e1    
rejoice t x has a bread? & l5g?1 a      
height & dep?1 :i* pass und]/&+4   ,i4  
,! long j\rney ?r\gh ! /reets to ! place
 ( execution 0 at l5g? end$1 & !reby !  
we>y j\rney+s ( ! ,suff]] came to a     
close4  ,! soldi]s set ab\t _!          
prep>ations = ! la/ act4 ,b mean:ile a  
little incid5t occurr$ :i* ! behavi\r ( 
,jesus fill$ ) significance4  ,! weal?y 
ladies ( ,j]usalem _h ! practice (      
provid+ = ^? condemn$ to ! awful        
puni%m5t ( crucifixion a soporific      
draught1 compos$ ( w9e mix$ ) "s n>cotic
 l gall or myrrh1#a to dull ! s5ses &   
dead5 ! pa94  ,x 0 a b5evol5t cu/om2 & !
 cup 0 (f]$ to all crim9als1            
irrespective ( _! crimes4  ,x 0 adm9i/]$
 imm$iately be=e ! frightful "w ( nail+ 
! culprit to ! tree comm5c$4  ,?is      
draught 0 h&$ to ,jesus on ,8 arrival at
 ,golgo?a4  ,exhau/$ ) fatigue & burn+ )

 ?ir/1 ,he grasp$ ! cup eag]ly & lift$ x
 )\t suspicion to ,8 lips4 ,b1 z soon z 
,he ta/$ x & felt ! fumes ( ! /upefy+   
+r$i5t1 ,he laid x d[n & w\ld n dr9k4   
,x 0 a simple act1 yet full ( h]oism4   
,he 0 9 t extremity ( ?ir/ :5 a p]son w 
dr9k almo/ any?+2 & ,he 0 face to face )
 outrage\s torture4  ,9 subsequ5t times 
_m ( ,8 own fai?ful m>tyrs1 on _! way to
 execution1 gladly avail$ !mselves ( ?is
 m]ciful provision4  ,b ,he w\ld n all[ 
,8 intellect to be cl\d$4  ,8 ob$i5ce 0 
n yet complete2 ,8 plan 0 n fully wr\ght
 out2 ,he w\ld keep ,8 ta/e = dea? pure4
  ,i h he>d ( a woman dy+ ( a frightful 
malady1 :o1 :5 %e 0 press$ by ^?        
witness+ h] agony to take an intoxicat+ 
draught1 refus$1 say+1 ,no1 ,i want to  
die sob]4  ,%e _h caught1 ,i ?9k1 ! _s (
 ,*ri/4  ,?is is a v /range place 9 :i* 
to alight on ! problem ( ! use & abuse (
 ^? products ( nature or art :i* induce 
intoxication or /upefaction4  ,roots or 
juices ) su* prop]ties h be5 kn[n to    
ne>ly all races1 ! savage z well z !    

civilis$2 & !y h play$ a great "p 9 !   
life ( mank9d4 ,_! hi/ory is "o ( ! mo/ 
curi\s4  ,!y are associat$ ) ! my/]ies (
 false religions & ) ! ph5om5a ( hea!n  
prophecy & wit*craft2 act+ on ! m9d     
?r\gh ! s5ses1 !y op5 up 9 x a region ( 
my/]y1 horror & gloomy magnific5ce ( :i*
 ! normal man is unconsci\s4  ,!y h     
always be5 a fav\rite res\rce ( ! m$ical
 art1 & 9 mod]n times1 9 su* =ms z opium
 & o!r bett]-kn[n intoxicants1 !y h     
creat$ "s ( ! grave/ moral problems4    
,on ! wide "q ( ! use ( su* sub/ances z 
/imulants we ne$ n at pres5t ent]2 x is 
to _! use = ! opposite purpose ( l[]+   
consci\sness t ?is incid5t draws        
att5tion4  ,t 9 "s cases ?is use is bo? 
m]ciful & p]missible w n be d5i$4  ,!   
discov]y 9 our own day1 by "o ( our own 
c\ntrym51 ( ! use ( *lor(orm is ju/ly   
reg>d$ z among ! greate/ b5efits ev]    
conf]r$ on ! human race4  ,:5 !         
unconsci\sness ?us produc$ enables !    
surgeon to p]=m an op]ation :i* might n 
be possible at all )\t x1 or :5 9 !     

crisis ( a fev] ! sleep induc$ by a     
n>cotic gives ! exhau/$ sy/em p[] to    
cont9ue ! combat & saves ! life1 we c   
only be ?ankful t ! sci5ce ( to-day has 
su* res\rces 9 its treasury4  ,on ! o!r 
h&1 h[ev]1 !re are grave (fsets to ^!   
advantages4  ,millions ( m5 & wom5      
resort to su* sub/ances 9 ord] to dull !
 n]ves & cl\d ! bra9 dur+ pa9 & sorr[   
:i* ,god int5d$ !m to face & be> ) sob] 
c\rage1 z ,jesus endur$ ,8 on ! cross4  
,on ! m$ical pr(ession re/s !           
responsibility ( s us+ ! p[] plac$ 9 _! 
h&s z n to de/roy ! dignity ( ! mo/     
solemn passages ( life4#b  ,x w = ev]   
rema9 true t pa9 & trial are ! discipl9e
 ( ! s\l2 b to reel ?r\gh ^! crises 9 ! 
dr[sy =getfulness ( intoxication is to  
miss ! be/ *ances ( moral & spiritual   
developm5t4  ,m5 & wom5 are made p]fect 
?r\gh suff]+2 b t suff]+ may d its "w x 
mu/ be felt4  ,!re is no great] mis=tune
 ?an to be> too easily ! /rokes ( ,god4 
,a b]eavem5t1 = example1 is s5t to      
sanctify a home2 b x may fail ( its     

mission because ! h\sehold is too busy1 
or because too _m are com+ & go+1 or    
because tongues1 mi/ak5ly k9d & g>rul\s1
 *att] ,god's mess5g] out ( doors4  ,x  
is natural t physicians & k9d fri5ds    
%\ld try to make suff]]s =get _! grief4 
,b !y may be too successful4  ,?\gh !   
practice ( ! ladies ( ,j]usalem 0 a     
b5evol5t "o1 ! gift mix$ by _! *>itable 
h&s appe>$ to our ,"l a cup (           
temptation1 & ,he resolutely put x      
aside4   ,,ii  ,all 0 n[ ready = ! la/  
act1 & ! soldi]s />t$ _! gha/ly "w4  ,x 
is n my int5tion to h>r[ up ! feel+s (  
my read]s ) m9ute descriptions ( !      
horrors ( crucifixion4#c  ,no?+ w\ld be 
easi]1 = x 0 an unspeakably awful =m (  
dea?4  ,cic]o1 :o 0 well acqua9t$ ) x1  
says3 ,x 0 ! mo/ cruel & %ameful ( all  
puni%m5ts4  ,let x nev]1 he adds1 come  
ne> ! body ( a ,roman citiz52 nay1 n ev5
 ne> 8 ?\ghts or eyes or e>s4  ,x 0 !   
puni%m5t res]v$ = slaves & =            
revolution>ies1 ^: end 0 int5d$ to be   
m>k$ by special infamy4  ,! cross 0 mo/ 

probably ( ! =m 9 :i* x is usually      
repres5t$--an upright po/ cross$ by a b>
 ne> ! top4  ,!re 7 o!r two =ms--t ( !  
lett] ,t & t ( ! lett] ,x--b1 z !       
accusation ( ,jesus is said to h be5 put
 up ov] ,8 head1 !re mu/ h be5 a        
projection above ! b> on :i* ,8 arms 7  
out/ret*$4  ,! arms 7 probably b\nd to !
 cross-beam1 z )\t ?is ! h&s w\ld h be5 
torn ?r\gh by ! weight4  ,& = a simil>  
reason !re 0 a piece ( wood project+ f !
 middle ( ! upright beam1 on :i* ! body 
sat4  ,! feet 7 ei!r nail$ sep>ately or 
cross$ ! "o ov] ! o!r1 ) a nail ?r\gh   
bo?4  ,x is d\btful :e!r ! body 0 affix$
 be=e or aft] ! cross 0 elevat$ & plant$
 9 ! gr\nd4  ,! head hung free1 s t !   
dy+ man c\ld bo? see & speak to ^? ab\t 
! cross4  ,9 mod]n executions ! greate/ 
pa9s are tak5 to make dea? z ne>ly z    
possible in/antane\s1 & any bungl+ :i*  
prolongs ! agony excites indignation &  
horror 9 ! public m9d4  ,b ! mo/ revolt+
 feature ( dea? by crucifixion 0 t !    
torture 0 delib]ately prolong$4  ,!     

victim usually l+]$ a :ole day1         
sometimes two or ?ree days1 /ill reta9+ 
consci\sness2 :ile ! burn+ ( ! w\nds 9 !
 h&s & feet1 ! uneas9ess ( ! unnatural  
position1 ! oppression ( ov]*>g$ ve9s &1
 above all1 ! intol]able ?ir/ 7         
con/antly increas+4  ,jesus did n suff] 
s long2 b ,he l+]$ = f\r or five h\rs4  
,i w n1 h[ev]1 proce$ fur!r 9 describ+ !
 sick5+ details4  ,h[ f> all ^! horrors 
may h be5 ess5tial elem5ts 9 ,8 suff]+s 
x w\ld be difficult to say4  ,ap>t f !  
prophecies go+ be=e :i* _h to be        
fulfill$1 0 x a matt] ( indiff]5ce :at  
dea? ,he di$8  ,w\ld x h s]v$ equally   
well if ,he _h be5 hang$ or behead$ or  
/on$8  ,we _c tell4  ,only1 :5 we "k !  
secret ( :at ,8 s\l suff]$1 we c disc]n 
! fitness ( ! *oice ( ! mo/ %ameful &   
pa9ful ( all =ms ( dea? = ,8 body4#d  ,!
 true suff]+s ( ,*ri/ 7 n physical1 b   
int]nal4  ,look+ on t ,face1 we see !   
%ad[ ( a deep] woe ?an sm>t+ w\nds &    
rag+ ?ir/ & a rack+ frame--! woe (      
slight$ love1 ( a he>t long+ = fell[%ip 

b ov]:elm$ ) hatr$2 ! woe ( insult &    
wrong1 & ( unspeakable sorr[ = ! fate ( 
^? :o w\ld n be sav$4  ,nor is ev5 ?is !
 deepe/ %ad[4  ,!re 0 !n 9 ! he>t ( !   
,r$eem] a woe to :i* no human words are 
adequate4  ,he 0 dy+ = ! s9 ( ! _w4  ,he
 _h tak5 on ,himself ! guilt ( mank9d1 &
 0 n[ engag$ 9 ! f9al /ruggle to put x  
away & annihilate x4  ,on ! cross 0     
hang+ n only ! body ( fle% & blood ( !  
,man ,*ri/ ,jesus1 b at ! same "t ,8    
my/ical body--t body ( :i* ,he is ! head
 & ,8 p are ! memb]s4  ,?r\gh ?is body  
also ! nails 7 driv51 & on x dea? took  
its rev5ge4  ,8 p di$ ) ,him unto s91 t 
!y might live = ev]more4  ,?is is !     
my/]y1 b x is also ! glory ( ! sc5e4    
,till ,he hung on x1 ! cross 0 ! symbol 
( slav]y & vulg> wick$ness2 b ,he       
conv]t$ x into ! symbol ( h]oism1       
self-sacrifice & salvation4  ,x 0 only a
 wret*$ framework ( co>se & blood-clott$
 beams1 :i* x 0 a %ame to t\*2 b s9ce !n
 ! _w has glori$ 9 x2 x has be5 c>v$ 9 e
 =m ( beauty & e sub/ance ( price2 x has

 be5 emblazon$ on ! flags ( nations &   
engrav$ on ! sceptres & diadems ( k+s4#e
  ,! cross 0 plant$ on ,golgo?a a dry1  
dead tree2 b lo6 x has blossom$ l       
,a>on's rod2 x has /ruck its roots deep 
d[n to ! he>t ( ! _w1 & s5t its bran*es 
upw>ds1 till to-day x fills ! e>?1 & !  
nations re/ b5ea? its %ad[ & eat ( its  
pleasant fruits4#f   ,,iii4  ,at l5g? ! 
gha/ly prep>ations 7 complet$2 & 9 !    
gre$y eyes ( ,jewi% hatr$ ! ,savi\r1 :om
 !y _h hunt$ to dea? ) ! f]ocity (      
bloodh\nds1 0 expos$ to full view4  ,b !
 fir/ triumphant glance ( prie/s1       
,ph>isees & populace met ) a viol5t     
*eck2 = above ! ,victim's head !y saw   
some?+ :i* cut !m to ! he>t4  ,!        
practice ( affix+ to ! app>atus (       
execution a description ( ! crime       
prevails 9 "s c\ntries to ?is day4  ,9 !
 ,life ( ,gilm\r ( ,mongolia !re is a   
description ( an execution :i* he       
witness$ 9 ,*9a2 & 9 ! c>t :i* convey$ !
 condemn$ man to ! sc5e ( dea? a bo>d 0 
exhibit$ describ+ 8 misde$s4  ,! cu/om 0

 a ,roman "o2 &1 besides1 !re 0 g5]ally 
an (ficial :o walk$ 9 front ( !         
procession ( dea? & proclaim$ ! crimes (
 ! condemn$4  ,no m5tion1 h[ev]1 ( su* a
 function>y appe>s 9 ! ,gospels2 nor    
does ! inscription appe> to h be5       
visible to all till x 0 affix$ to !     
cross4  ,x 0 fa/5$ to ! top ( ! upright 
beam2 & ,pilate made use ( ?is          
opportunity to pay out ! ,jews = !      
annoyance !y _h caus$ him4  ,he _h p>t$ 
f !m 9 ang]1 = !y _h humiliat$ him2 b he
 s5t aft] !m t :i* %\ld be a drop (     
bitt]ness 9 _! cup ( triumph4 ,:5 !y 7  
/ill at 8 judgm5t-seat1 8 la/ bl[ 9 8   
enc\nt] ) !m _h be5 to pret5d to be     
conv9c$ t ,jesus really 0 _! k+4  ,?is  
insult he n[ prolong$ by word+ !        
inscription ?us3 ,?is is ,jesus1 ! ,k+ (
 ! ,jews4  ,x 0 z mu* z to say1 ,?is is 
:at becomes ( a ,jewi% k+2 ?is is :at ! 
,romans d ) him2 ! k+ ( ?is nation is a 
slave1 a crucifi$ crim9al2 &1 if su* be 
! k+1 :at mu/ ! nation be ^: k+ he is8  
,s enrag$ 7 ! ,jews t !y s5t a          

deputation to ! gov]nor to entreat him  
to alt] ! words4  ,no d\bt he 0 delight$
 to see !m2 = _! com+ prov$ h[ ?or\ghly 
8 s>casm _h gone home4  ,he only laugh$ 
at _! petition &1 assum+ ! gr& air (    
au?ority :i* became no man s well z a   
,roman1 dismiss$ !m ) ! words1 ,:at ,i h
 writt5 ,i h writt54  ,?is look$ l /r5g?
 ( w & "*2 b x 0 9 reality only a cov]+ 
= weakness4  ,he _h 8 w ab\t !          
inscription--a trifle2 b !y _h _! w ab\t
 ! crucifixion4  ,he 0 /rong en\gh to   
br[beat !m1 b he 0 n /rong en\gh to d5y 
himself4  ,yet1 ?\gh ! inscription (    
,pilate 0 9 8 own m9d little m ?an a    
rev5geful je/1 !re 0 9 x a ,div9e       
purpose4  ,:at ,i h writt5 ,i h writt51 
he said2 b1 _h he kn[n1 he might almo/ h
 said1 ,:at ,i h writt5 ,god has writt54
  ,sometimes & at "s places ! atmosph]e 
is s *>g$ & electric ) ! ,div9e t       
inspiration alights & burns on ev]y?+2 &
 nev] 0 ?is m true ?an at ! cross4      
,pilate _h already unconsci\sly be5     
almo/ a prophet :51 po9t+ to ,jesus1 he 

said1 ,behold ! ,man--a ^w :i* /ill     
prea*es to ! c5turies4  ,& n[1 aft] be+ 
a speak+ prophet1 he becomes1 z has be5 
qua9tly rem>k$1 a writ+ "o too2 = 8 p5 0
 guid$ by a sup]natural h& to indite !  
words1 ,?is is ,jesus1 ! ,k+ ( ! ,jews4 
,x add$ greatly to ! significance ( !   
inscription t x 0 writt5 9 ,hebrew &    
,greek & ,lat94  ,:at ,pilate int5d$    
!reby 0 to height5 ! insult2 he wi%$ all
 ! /rang]s pres5t at ! ,passov] to be   
able to read ! inscription2 = all ( !m  
:o c\ld read at all w\ld "k "o ( ^! ?ree
 languages4  ,b ,provid5ce int5d$ some?+
 else4  ,^! are ! ?ree great languages (
 ! anci5t _w--! repres5tative languages4
  ,hebrew is ! tongue ( religion1 ,greek
 t ( culture1 ,lat9 ! language ( law &  
gov]nm5t2 & ,*ri/ 0 decl>$ ,k+ 9 !m all4
  ,on ,8 head are _m cr[ns4  ,he is ,k+ 
9 ! religi\s sph]e--! ,k+ ( salvation1  
hol9ess & love2 ,he is ,k+ 9 ! realm (  
culture--! treasures ( art1 ( song1 (   
lit]ature1 ( philosophy belong to ,him1 
& %all yet be all p\r$ at ,8 feet2 ,he  

is ,k+ 9 ! political sph]e--,k+ ( k+s & 
,"l ( lords1 entitl$ to rule 9 ! social 
relation%ips1 9 trade & comm]ce1 9 all !
 activities ( m54  ,we see n yet1 inde$1
 all ?+s put "u ,him2 b e day we see !m 
m & m 9 ! process ( be+ put "u ,him4  ,!
 "n ( ,jesus is travell+ ev]y:]e ov] !  
e>?2 ?\s&s are le>n+ to pron\nce x2     
millions are ready to die = x4  ,& ?us  
is ! unconsci\s prophecy ( ,pilate /ill 
be+ fulfill$4    #a ,"o ,evangeli/ says 
gall1 ano!r myrrh1 & on ?is diff]5ce    
h>moni/s & _! antagoni/s h sp5t _! "t2 b
 surely x is n wor? :ile4  #b ,!        
di/9ction betwe5 ! legitimate & !       
illegitimate use is n v easy to draw2 b 
!re is an obvi\s diff]5ce betwe5 de/roy+
 pa9 = an ult]ior purpose & de/roy+ x   
m]ely to save ! feel+ ( ! suff]]4  #c   
,on ! details ( crucifixion !re is an   
extremely int]e/+ & le>n$ excursus 9    
,zckl]'s ,das ,kreus ,*ri/i 7,beilage   
,,iii474 ,cic]o's ,v]r9e ,orations      
conta9 a good deal t is valuable to a   
/ud5t ( ! ,passion1 especially 9 reg>d  

to sc\rg+ & crucifixion4  ,crucifixion 0
 an extremely common =m ( puni%m5t 9 !  
anci5t _w2 b ! cross ( ! ,god-,man has  
put an end to ! puni%m5t ( ! cr[4  #d   
,zckl] ma9ta9s t crucifixion1 :ile ! mo/
 %ameful1 0 n absolutely ! mo/ pa9ful =m
 ( dea?4  #e ,! appreciation ( !        
significance ( ! ,cross has gone on 9   
two l9es--! ,arti/ic & ! ,doctr9al--bo? 
( :i* arc foll[$ out ) v>i$ le>n+ 9     
,zckl]'s ,kreus ,*ri/i4  ,! ,engli%     
read] may ) great satisfaction trace !  
arti/ic developm5t 9 ,mrs4 ,jameson's   
,hi/ory ( our ,"l z exemplifi$ 9 ,works 
( ,art1 :]e ! foll[+ s*eme is giv5 ( !  
v>ieties ( treatm5t3--  ,symbolical1 :5 
! ab/ract p]sonifications ( ! sun &     
moon1 e>? & ocean1 are pres5t4          
,sacrificially symbolical1 :5 !         
,eu*>i/ic cup is se5 bel[ ! ,cross1 or !
 pelican fe$+ h] "y is plac$ above x4   
,simply doctr9al1 :5 ! ,virg9 & ,/4     
,john /& on ea* side1 z solemn          
witnesses2 or our ,"l is dr9k+ ! cup1   
sometimes lit]ally s repres5t$1 giv5    

,him ( ! ,fa!r1 :ile ! lance op5s !     
sacram5tal font4  ,hi/orically ideal1 z 
:5 ! ?ieves are jo9$ to ! sc5e1 & sorr[+
 angels ?rong ! air4  ,hi/orically      
devotional1 z :5 ! real features ( !    
sc5e are pres]v$1 & sa9ts & devotees are
 introduc$4  ,leg5d>y1 z :5 we see !    
,virg9 fa9t+4  ,allegorical & fanta/ic1 
z :5 ! tree is made ! pr9cipal object1 )
 its bran*es t]m9at+ 9 patri>*s &       
prophets1 virtues & graces4  ,reali/ic1 
z :5 ! m]e ev5t is r5d]$ z ?r\gh ! eyes 
( an un5light5$ look]-on4  ,^! & _m o!r 
modes ( conception acc\nt = ! great     
div]sity 9 ! treatm5t ( ?is subject2 a  
fur!r v>iety be+ giv5 by ! comb9ation ( 
two or m ( ^! modes ( treatm5t toge!r2 =
 in/ance1 ! pelican may be se5 above !  
,cross giv+ h] life's blood = h] (fspr+2
 angels 9 attitudes ( despair1 bewail+ !
 ,second ,p]son ( ! ,tr9ity2 or1 9 an   
ideal sacram5tal s5se1 cat*+ ! blood f  
,8 w\nds--! ,jews bel[ look+ on1 z !y   
really did1 ) contemptu\s ge/ures &     
h>d5$ he>ts2 ! c5turion ackn[l$g+ t ?is 

0 really ! ,son ( ,god1 :ile ! gr\p ( ! 
fa9t+ ,virg91 support$ by ! ,m>ys & ,/4 
,john1 adds leg5d to symbolism1         
ideality1 & hi/ory4  ,9 ! /udy ( !      
doctr9al developm5t no?+ is s important 
z ! exegesis ( ! ,new ,te/am5t /atem5ts 
ab\t ! ,cross2 & ?is has be5 done 9 a   
ma/]ly way by ,dr4 ,dale 9 8 "w on !    
,atonem5t4  ,:at may be call$ !         
,philosophy ( ! ,cross 7to borr[ a happy
 phrase ( ,mc,cheyne ,edg>'s7 came late4
  ,x is usually reckon$ to h comm5c$ )  
,anselm2 & s9ce ! ,re=mation e great    
!ologian has add$ 8 contribution4  ,yet 
! "w is by no means complet$4  ,inde$1  
at ! pres5t day !re is no great]        
desid]atum 9 !ology ?an a philosophy ( !
 ,cross :i* w\ld ?or\ghly satisfy !     
religi\s m9d4  ,%all[ !ories ab\nd2 b ! 
,*ur* ( ,*ri/ w nev] be able to re/ 9   
any !ory :i* does n d ju/ice1 on ! "o   
h&1 to ! trem5d\sly /rong /atem5ts (    
,scripture on ! subject &1 on ! o!r1 to 
h] own consci\sness ( unique & inf9ite  
obligation to ! dy+ ,savi\r4  ,p]haps ! 

mo/ satisfactory expression ( ! ,*ri/ian
 consci\sness on ! subject is to be f\nd
 9 ! hymns ( ! ,*ur*1 f ! ,te ,deum d[n 
?r\gh ,scotua ,erig5a & ,fulb]t (       
,*>tres to ,g]h>dt & ,toplady4 ,see     
,s*aff's ,*ri/ 9 ,song4  ,a ?ird l9e (  
developm5t might be trac$--!            
,practical--9 m>tyrology1 ! hi/ory (    
missions1 asceticism1 & ! l2 & !        
spokesman ( ?is bran* ( ! tru? is       
,kempis1 :o1 z ,zckl] says1 tea*es 8    
disciples to "k pov]ty & humility z !   
roots ( ! tree ( ! ,cross1 lab\r &      
p5it5ce z its b>k1 righte\sness & m]cy z
 its two pr9cipal bran*es1 tru? &       
doctr9e z its preci\s leaves1 *a/ity &  
ob$i5ce z its blossoms1 temp]ance &     
discipl9e z its fragrance1 & salvation &
 et]nal life z its glori\s fruit4  #f   
,:5 ! ,nor!rn nations became ,*ri/ian !y
 transf]r$ to ! ,cross ! nobl] ideas    
embodi$ 9 ! my/ic tree ,igdrasil2 & "o (
 ! commone/ ideas ( ! my/ical writ]s ( !
 ,middle ,ages is ! id5tification ( !   
,cross z bo? ! true tree ( life & ! true

 tree ( k4     ,,*apt] ,,xiii4  ,,!     
,,gr\ps ,,r\nd ,,! ,,cross  ,9 ! la/    
*apt] we saw ! ,son ( ,man nail$ to !   
curs$ tree4 ,!re ,he hung = h\rs1       
expos$1 helpless1 b consci\s1 look+ out 
on ! sea ( faces assembl$ to behold ,8  
end4  ,on ! occasion ( an execution a   
cr[d ga!rs outside our jails m]ely to   
see ! black flag run up :i* signals t ! 
de$ is done2 & 9 ! old days ( public    
executions su* an ev5t always attract$  
an enorm\s cr[d4  ,no d\bt x 0 ! same 9 
,j]usalem4  ,:5 ,jesus 0 put to dea?1 x 
0 ,passov] "t1 & ! city 0 fill$ )       
multitudes ( /rang]s1 to :om any        
excitem5t 0 welcome4  ,besides1 ! case (
 ,jesus _h /irr$ bo? ! capital & !      
entire c\ntry4#a  ,! sight :i* ! cr[d _h
 come to see 01 we n[ "k1 ! greate/ ev] 
witness$ 9 ! univ]se4  ,angels &        
ar*angels 7 absorb$ 9 x2 millions ( m5 &
 wom5 are look+ back to x to-day & e    
day4  ,b :at impressions did x make on  
^? :o saw x at ! "t8  ,to asc]ta9 ?is1  
let u look at ?ree *>act]i/ic gr\ps ne> 

! cross1 ^: feel+s 7 %>$ 9 v>y+ degrees 
by _m ar\nd !m4   ,i4  ,look1 fir/1 at !
 gr\p ne>e/ ! cross--t ( ! ,roman       
soldi]s4  ,9 ! ,roman army x seems to h 
be5 a rule t1 :5 executions 7 c>ri$ out 
by soldi]s1 ! effects ( ! crim9als fell 
z p]quisites to ^? :o did ! "w4  ,?\gh  
_m m soldi]s 7 probably pres5t on ?is   
occasion1 ! actual details ( fix+ !     
beam1 h&l+ ! hamm] & nails1 hoi/+ !     
app>atus1 & s =?1 9 ! case ( ,jesus1    
fell to a quat]nion ( !m4  ,to ^! f\r1  
!re=e1 belong$ all t 0 on ,him2 & !y    
c\ld at once proce$ to divide ! spoil1  
because 9 crucifixion ! victim 0 /ripp$ 
be=e be+ affix$ to ! cross--a trait (   
revolt+ %ame4#b  ,a l>ge1 loose upp]    
g>m5t1 a head-dress p]haps1 a girdle & a
 pair ( s&als1 &1 la/ ( all1 an "u      
g>m5t1 su* z ,galilean peasants 7 wont  
to we>1 :i* 0 all ( a piece & _h p]haps 
be5 knitt$ = ,him by ! lov+ f+]s ( ,8   
"m--^! articles became ! booty ( !      
soldi]s4  ,!y =m$ ! entire prop]ty :i*  
,jesus _h to leave1 & ! f\r soldi]s 7 ,8

 heirs4  ,yet ?is 0 ,he :o bequea!d !   
va/e/ legacy t ev] has be5 left by any  
human be+--a legacy ample en\gh to enri*
 ! :ole _w4  ,only x 0 a spiritual      
legacy--( wisdom1 ( influ5ce1 ( example4
  ,! soldi]s1 _! gha/ly task ov]1 sat   
d[n at ! foot ( ! cross to divide _!    
booty4  ,!y obta9$ f x n only pr(it b   
amusem5t2 =1 aft] divid+ ! articles z   
well z !y c\ld1 !y _h to ca/ lots ab\t !
 la/1 :i* !y c\ld n divide4  ,"o ( !m   
fet*$ "s dice out ( 8 pocket--gambl+ 0 a
 fav\rite pa/ime ( ,roman soldi]s--& !y 
settl$ ! difficulty by a game4 ,look at 
!m--*aff]+1 *att]+1 laugh+2 &1 above _! 
heads1 n a y>d away1 t ,figure4  ,:at a 
picture6  ,! ,son ( ,god aton+ = ! s9s (
 ! _w1 :il/ angels & glorifi$ spirits   
cr[d ! walls ( ! cele/ial city to look  
d[n at ! spectacle2 &1 )9 a y>d ( ,8    
sacr$ ,p]son1 ! soldi]s1 9 absolute     
apa?y1 gambl+ = ^! poor %r$s ( clo?+6   
,s mu*1 & no m1 did !y p]ceive ( !      
/up5d\s drama !y 7 )9 t\* (4  ,= x is n 
only necess>y to h a great sight to make

 an impression2 q z necess>y is ! see+  
eye4  ,!re are ^? to :om ?is e>? is     
sacr$ because ,jesus ,*ri/ has trodd5 x2
 ! sky is sacr$ because x has b5t above 
,him2 hi/ory is sacr$ because ,8 "n is  
inscrib$ on x2 ! daily tasks ( life are 
all sacr$ because !y c be done 9 ,8 "n4 
,b are !re n multitudes1 ev5 9 ,*ri/ian 
l&s1 :o live z if ,*ri/ _h nev] liv$1 & 
to :om ! "q has nev] occurr$1 ,:at      
diff]5ce does x make to u t ,jesus di$ 9
 ?is _w ( :i* we are inhabitants8       
,,ii4  ,look n[ at a second gr\p1 mu* m 
num]\s ?an ! fir/1 consi/+ ( ! memb]s ( 
! ,sanh$rim4  ,aft] condemn+ ,jesus 9 _!
 own c\rt1 !y _h accompani$ ,him ?r\gh  
/age aft] /age ( ,8 civil trial1 until  
at la/ !y secur$ ,8 condemnation at !   
tribunal ( ,pilate4  ,:5 at la/ ,he 0   
h&$ ov] to ! execution]s1 x might h be5 
expect$ t !y w\ld h be5 tir$ ( ! l5g?y  
proce$+s & glad to escape f ! sc5e4  ,b 
_! passions _h be5 ?or\ghly ar\s$1 & _! 
?ir/ = rev5ge 0 s deep t !y c\ld n all[ 
! soldi]s to d _! own "w1 b1 =getful (  

dignity1 accompani$ ! cr[d to ! place ( 
execution & /ay$ to glut _! eyes ) !    
spectacle ( _! ,victim's suff]+s4  ,ev5 
aft] ,he 0 lift$ up on ! tree1 !y c\ld n
 keep _! tongues (f ,him or give ,him ! 
dy+ man's privilege ( peace2 b1 los+ all
 s5se ( propriety1 !y made insult+      
ge/ures & p\r$ on ,him insult+ cries4   
,naturally ! cr[d foll[$ _! example1    
till n only ! soldi]s took x up1 b ev5 !
 ?ieves :o 7 crucifi$ ) ,him jo9$ 94 ,s 
t ! cr[d "u ,8 eyes became a sea (      
scorn1 ^: angry waves da%$ up ab\t ,8   
cross4  ,! l9e tak5 0 to recall all !   
great names :i* ,he _h claim$1 or :i* _h
 be5 appli$ to ,him1 & to contra/ !m ) !
 position 9 :i* ,he n[ 04  ,! ,son (    
,god1 ,! ,*os5 ( ,god1 ,! ,k+ ( ,israel1
 ,! ,*ri/1 ,! ,k+ ( ! ,jews1 ,?\ t      
de/roye/ ! temple & builde/ x 9 ?ree    
days--) ^! epi!ts !y pelt$ ,him 9 e tone
 ( mock]y4  ,!y *all5g$ ,him to come d[n
 f ! cross & !y w\ld believe ,him4  ,?is
 0 _! mo/ p]si/5t cry--,he _h sav$ o!rs1
 b ,himself ,he c\ld n save4  ,!y _h    

always ma9ta9$ t x 0 by ! p[] ( devils  
,he wr\ght ,8 miracles2 b ^! evil p[]s  
are dang]\s to palt] )2 !y may l5d _!   
virtue = a "t1 b at la/ !y appe> to dem&
 _! price2 at ! mo/ critical mom5t !y   
leave him :o has tru/$ !m 9 ! lur*4     
,?is 0 :at _h happ5$ to ,jesus2 n[ at   
la/ ! wiz>d's w& 0 brok5 & ,he c\ld *>m 
no m4  ,z !y ?us p\r$ out ! gall :i* _h 
long be5 accumulat+ 9 _! he>ts1 !y did n
 notice t1 9 ! multitude ( _! words1 !y 
7 us+ ! v t]ms attribut$ 9 !            
tw5ty-second ,psalm to ! enemies ( !    
holy ,suff]]3 ,he tru/$ 9 ,god2 let ,him
 deliv] ,him n[1 if ,he w h ,him2 = ,he 
said1 ,i am ! ,son ( ,god4  ,cold-blood$
 hi/orians h d\bt$ :e!r !y c\ld h made  
su* a slip )\t notic+ x2 b1 /range to   
say1 !re is an exact mod]n p>allel4  ,:5
 "o ( ! ,swiss re=m]s 0 plead+ be=e !   
papal c\rt1 ! presid5t int]rupt$ him ) !
 v words ( ,caiaphas to ! ,sanh$rim3 ,he
 ha? spok5 blasphemy3 :at fur!r ne$ h we
 ( witnesses8  ,:at ?9k ye8 & !y all    
answ]$1 ,he is wor?y ( dea?2 )\t notic+1

 till he rem9d$ !m1 t !y 7 quot+        
,scripture4#c  ,jesus might h answ]$ !  
cries ( ,8 enemies2 because to "o hang+ 
on ! cross x 0 possible n only to he> & 
see1 b also to speak4  ,h[ev]1 ,he      
answ]$ nev] a ^w--:5 ,he 0 revil$1 ,he  
revil$ n aga91 z a %eep be=e h] %e>]s is
 dumb1 s ,he op5$ n ,8 m\?4  ,?is 0 n1  
h[ev]1 because ,he did n feel4 ,m pa9ful
 ?an ! nails :i* pi]c$ ,8 body 7 ^!     
missiles ( malice %ot at ,8 m9d4  ,!    
human he>t laid b>e its base/ & blacke/ 
dep?s "u ,8 v eyes2 & all its f\l scum 0
 p\r$ ov] ,him4  ,0 x a temptation to   
,him1 "o wond]s1 :5 s (t5 f e side !    
invitation 0 giv5 ,him to come d[n f !  
cross8  ,?is 0 sub/antially ! same      
temptation z 0 address$ to ,him at !    
op5+ ( ,8 c>e]1 :5 ,satan urg$ ,him to  
ca/ ,himself f ! p9nacle ( ! temple4  ,x
 _h haunt$ ,him 9 v>i\s =ms all ,8 life 
?r\gh4  ,& n[ x assails ,him once m at !
 crisis ( ,8 fate4  ,!y ?\ght ,8 pati5ce
 0 impot5ce & ,8 sil5ce a confession (  
defeat4  ,:y %\ld ,he n let ,8 glory    

blaze =? & conf\nd !m8  ,h[ easily ,he  
c\ld h done x6  ,yet no2 ,he c\ld n4    
,!y 7 q "r :5 !y said1 ,he sav$ o!rs1   
,himself ,he _c save4  ,_h ,he sav$     
,himself1 ,he w\ld n h be5 ! ,savi\r4   
,yet ! p[] t kept ,him on ! cross 0 a f>
 mighti] "o ?an w\ld h be5 necess>y to  
leave x4  ,x 0 n by ! nails ?r\gh ,8 h&s
 & feet t ,he 0 held1 nor by ! ropes )  
:i* ,8 arms 7 b\nd1 nor by ! soldi]s    
wat*+ ,him2 no1 b by invisible b&s--by !
 cords ( r$eem+ love & by ! con/ra9t ( a
 ,div9e design4  ,( ?is1 h[ev]1 ,8      
enemies _h no inkl+4  ,!y 7 judg+ ,him  
by ! mo/ hea!ni% /&>d4  ,!y _h no idea (
 p[] b a mat]ial "o1 or ( glory b a     
selfi% "o4  ,! ,savi\r ( _! fancy 0 a   
political deliv]]1 n ,"o :o c\ld save f 
s94  ,& to ?is day ,*ri/ he>s ! cry f m 
sides ?an "o1 ,come d[n f ! cross1 & we 
w believe ,!e4  ,x comes f ! spiritually
 %all[1 :o h no s5se ( _! own unwor?9ess
 or ( ! maje/y & ! rights ( a holy ,god4
  ,!y d n und]/& a !ology ( s9 &        
puni%m5t1 ( atonem5t & r$emption2 & all 

! deep significance ( ,8 dea? has to be 
tak5 out ( ,*ri/ianity be=e !y w believe
 x4  ,x comes1 too1 f ! morally c[>dly &
 ! worldly-m9d$1 :o desire a religion   
)\t ! cross4  ,if ,*ri/ianity 7 only a  
cre$ to believe1 or a wor%ip 9 ^:       
celebration ! ae/hetic faculty might    
take delight1 or a private pa? by :i* a 
man might pilgrim to heav5 unnotic$1 !y 
w\ld be delight$ to believe x2 b1       
because x means confess+ ,*ri/ & be>+ ,8
 reproa*1 m+l+ ) ,8 despis$ p & support+
 ,8 cause1 !y w h none ( x4  ,none c    
hon\r ! cross ( ,*ri/ :o h n felt !     
humiliation ( guilt & ent]$ into !      
secret ( humility4   ,,iii4  ,let our   
att5tion n[ be direct$ to a ?ird gr\p4  
,& aga9 x is a comp>atively small "o4   
,z ! eyes ( ,jesus w&]$ to & fro ov] !  
sea ( faces upturn$ to ,8 own--faces    
*>g$ ) e =m & degree ( hatr$ &          
contempt--0 !re no po9t on :i* !y c\ld  
l+] ) satisfaction8  ,yes1 among ! ?orns
 !re 0 "o lily4  ,on ! outskirts ( !    
cr[d !re /ood a gr\p ( ,8 acqua9tances &

 ( ! wom5 :o foll[$ ,him f ,galilee &   
m9i/]$ unto ,him4  ,let u enum]ate _!   
hon\r$ names1 z f> z !y h be5           
pres]v$--,m>y ,magdal5e1 & ,m>y ! "m (  
,james & ,joses ,transcrib]'s note3     
,joseph81 & ! "m ( ,zeb$ee's *ildr54    
,_! position1 af> (f1 probably indicates
 t !y 7 9 a /ate ( fe>4  ,x 0 n safe to 
be too closely id5tifi$ ) ,"o aga9/ :om 
! au?orities *]i%$ su* implacable       
feel+s2 & !y may h be5 q "r n to make   
!mselves too conspicu\s4 ,ap>t f ! dang]
 to :i* !y might be expos$1 !y _h a :ole
 tempe/ ( tr\ble 9 _! he>ts4  ,z yet !y 
knew n ! ,scriptures t ,he mu/ rise aga9
 f ! dead2 & ?is collapse ( ! cause 9   
:i* !y _h emb>k$ _! all = "t & = et]nity
 0 a bewild]+ calamity4  ,!y _h tru/$ t 
x _h be5 ,he :o %\ld h r$eem$ ,israel1 &
 t ,he w\ld live & reign ov] ! r$eem$   
race =ev]4  ,& !re ,he 01 p]i%+ be=e _! 
eyes 9 defeat & %ame4  ,_! fai? 0 at ! v
 la/ ebb4 ,or say1 r1 x surviv$ only 9 !
 =m ( love4  ,bewild]$ z 7 _! ideas1 ,he
 _h z firm a hold z ev] on _! he>ts4    

,!y lov$ ,him2 !y suff]$ ) ,him2 !y c\ld
 h di$ = ,him4  ,may we n believe t !   
eyes ( ,jesus1 z long z !y 7 able to    
see1 turn$ (t5 away f ! brutal soldi]s  
b5ea? ,8 feet1 & f ! sea ( di/ort$      
faces1 to ?is di/ant gr\p8  ,9 "s       
respects1 inde$1 _! aspect might be m   
try+ to ,him ?an ev5 ! hateful faces (  
,8 enemies2 = sympa?y w sometimes break 
d[n a /rong he>t t is pro( aga9/        
opposition4  ,yet ?is neighb\rly sympa?y
 & womanly love mu/1 on ! :ole1 h be5 a 
pr(\nd com=t & support4  ,he 0 su/a9$   
all ?r\gh ,8 suff]+s by ! ?\ght ( !     
multitudes )\t numb] :o w\ld b5efit f   
:at ,he 0 endur+2 b "h be=e ,8 eyes 0 an
 e>ne/ ( ,8 rew>d2 & 9 !m ,he saw ( !   
travail ( ,8 s\l & 0 satisfi$4   ,9 ^!  
?ree gr\ps1 !n1 we see ?ree pr$om9ant   
/ates ( m9d--9 ! soldi]s apa?y1 9 !     
,sanh$rim antipa?y1 9 ! ,galileans      
sympa?y4  ,has x ev] occurr$ to y to ask
 9 :i* gr\p y w\ld h be5 _h y be5 !re8  
,?is is a se>*+ "q4  ,( c\rse x is easy 
n[ to say :i* 7 "r & :i* 7 wrong4  ,x is

 always easy to admire ! h]oes & !      
causes ( bygone days2 b x is possible to
 d s & yet be apa!tic or antipa!tic to  
^? ( our own4  ,ev5 ! ,roman soldi]s at 
! foot ( ! cross admir$ ,romulus &      
,c9c9natus & ,brutus1 ?\gh !y _h no     
feel+ = ,"o at _! side great] ?an ^!4   
,! ,jews :o 7 mock+ ,*ri/ admir$ ,moses 
& ,samuel & ,isaiah4  ,*ri/ is /ill be>+
 ,8 cross ?r\gh ! /reets ( ! _w1 & is   
hang+ expos$ to contempt & ill-treatm5t2
 & x is possible to admire ! ,*ri/ ( !  
,bible & yet be p]secut+ & oppos+ !     
,*ri/ ( our own c5tury4  ,! ,*ri/ (     
to-day signifies ! tru?1 ! cause1 !     
pr9ciples ( ,*ri/1 & ! m5 & wom5 9 :om  
^! are embodi$4  ,we are ei!r help+ or  
h9d]+ ^? movem5ts on :i* ,*ri/ has set  
,8 he>t2 (t51 )\t be+ aw>e ( x1 m5 *oose
 _! sides & plan & speak & act ei!r = or
 aga9/ ,*ri/4  ,?is is ! ,passion ( our 
own day1 ! ,golgo?a ( our own city4  ,b 
x comes ne>] ?an ?is4  ,! liv+ ,*ri/    
,himself is /ill 9 ! _w3 ,he comes to e 
door2 ,8 ,_s /rives ) e s\l4 ,& ,he /ill

 meets ) ^! ?ree k9ds ( treatm5t--apa?y1
 antipa?y1 sympa?y4  ,z a magnet1 pass+ 
ov] a heap ( objects1 causes ^? to move 
& spr+ out ( ! heap :i* are ak9 to      
itself1 s r$eem+ love1 z reveal$ 9      
,*ri/1 pass+ ov] ! surface ( mank9d     
c5tury aft] c5tury1 has ! p[] s to move 
human he>ts to ! v dep?s t1 k9dl+ )     
admiration & desire1 !y spr+ up & atta* 
!mselves to ,him4  ,?is response may be 
call$ fai?1 or love1 or spirituality1 or
 :at y please2 b x is ! v te/ & t\*/one 
( et]nity1 = x is sep>at+ m5 & wom5 f ! 
mass & mak+ !m "o = ev] ) ! life & !    
love ( ,god4    #a ,keim /rangely       
surmises t !re 0 no great cr[d2 b ?is is
 impossible4  #b ,z1 h[ev]1 ! ,jews w\ld
 h object$ to ?is1 ,ed]%eim argues--b n 
conv9c+ly--t !re mu/ h be5 at lea/ a    
slight cov]+4  #c ,ssk9d1               
,passionss*ule1 9 loc4     ,,*apt]      
,,xiv4  ,,! ,,fir/ ,,^w ,,f ,,!         
,,cross#a  ,9 ! la/ *apt] we saw !      
impressions made by ! crucifixion on !  
diff]5t gr\ps r\nd ! cross4  ,on !      

soldi]s1 :o did ! de$1 x made no        
impression at all2 !y 7 absolutely bl9d 
to ! wond] & glory ( ! sc5e 9 :i* !y 7  
tak+ "p4  ,on ! memb]s ( ! ,sanh$rim1 & 
! o!rs :o ?\ght ) !m1 x _h an           
extraord9>y effect3 ! p]fect revelation 
( goodness & spiritual beauty ?rew !m   
into convulsions ( angry opposition4    
,ev5 ! gr\p ( ! fri5ds ( ,jesus1 /&+ af>
 (f1 saw only a v little way into !     
mean+ ( :at 0 tak+ place be=e _! eyes3 !
 victory ( _! ,ma/] ov] s91 dea? & ! _w 
appe>$ to !m a tragic defeat4  ,s true  
is x1 z ,i said1 t1 :5 some?+ gr& is to 
be se51 !re is requir$ n only ! object b
 ! see+ eye4  ,! image 9 a mirror dep5ds
 n only on ! object reflect$ b on !     
quality & ! configuration ( ! glass4    
,we wi%1 h[ev]1 to see ! sc5e enact$ on 
,calv>y 9 its true %ape2 & :]e %all we  
look8  ,!re 0 "o m9d !re 9 :i* x 0      
mirror$ ) p]fect fidelity4  ,if we c\ld 
see ! image ( ! crucifixion 9 ! m9d (   
,jesus ,himself1 ?is w\ld reveal its    
true mean+4  ,b 9 :at way c we asc]ta9  

h[ x appe>$ to ,him1 z f ,8 pa9ful      
/ation ,he look$ =? ^u ! sc5e8  ,! answ]
 is to be f\nd 9 ! s5t5ces :i* he utt]$1
 z ,he hung1 be=e ,8 s5ses 7 /ifl$ by ! 
mi/s ( dea?4  ,^! are l w9d[s ?r\gh :i* 
we c see :at 0 pass+ 9 ,8 m9d4  ,!y are 
m]e fragm5ts1 ( c\rse2 yet !y are *>g$ )
 et]nal significance4 ,words are always 
photographs1 m or less true1 ( ! m9d :i*
 utt]s !m2 ^! 7 ! true/ words ev] utt]$1
 & ,he :o utt]$ !m /amp$ on !m ! image (
 ,himself4  ,!y are sev5 9 numb]1 & x w 
be to our advantage to l+] on !m2 !y are
 too preci\s to be tak5 summ>ily4  ,!   
say+s ( ! dy+ are always impressive4    
,we nev] =get ! dea?b$ utt]ances ( a    
p>5t or a bosom fri5d2 ! la/ words (    
fam\s m5 are treasur$ = ev]4  ,9        
,scripture ,jacob1 ,joseph1 ,moses1 &   
o!r patri>*al m5 are repres5t$ z hav+   
ris5 on _! dea?b$s f> above !mselves &  
spok5 9 ! tones ( a high] _w2 & 9 all   
nations a prophetic importance has be5  
atta*$ to ! words ( ! dy+4  ,n[1 ^! are 
! dy+ words ( ,*ri/2 &1 z all ,8 words  

are l gold to silv] 9 comp>ison ) ^? (  
o!r m51 s ^!1 9 comp>ison ) ! re/ ( ,8  
words1 are z diamonds to gold4  ,9 !    
,fir/ ,^w ?ree ?+s are noticeable--!    
,invocation1 ! ,petition1 & ! ,argum5t4 
,i4  ,x 0 n unusual = crucifi$ p]sons to
 speak on ! cross2 b _! words usually   
consi/$ ( wild expressions ( pa9 or     
bootless entreaties = release1 curses   
aga9/ ,god or imprecations on ^? :o _h  
inflict$ _! suff]+s4  ,:5 ,jesus _h     
recov]$ f ! swoon+ %ock occasion$ by !  
driv+ ( ! nails into ,8 h&s & feet1 ,8  
fir/ utt]ance 0 a pray]1 & ,8 fir/ ^w   
,fa!r4  ,0 x n an un9t5tional           
condemnation ( ^? :o _h affix$ ,him !re8
  ,x 0 9 ! "n ( religion !y _h act$ & 9 
! "n ( ,god2 b :i* ( !m 0 ?us impregnat$
 ?r\gh & ?r\gh ) religion8 :i* ( !m c\ld
 pret5d to a communion ) ,god s close & 
habitual8  ,evid5tly x 0 because pray] 0
 ! natural language ( ,jesus t at ?is   
mom5t x leapt to ,8 lips4  ,x is a      
suspici\s case :5 9 any trial1          
especially an ecclesia/ical "o1 !       

condemn$ is obvi\sly a bett] man ?an !  
judges4  ,! ^w ,fa!r1 fur!r1 prov$ t !  
fai? ( ,jesus 0 un%ak5 by all ?r\gh :i* 
,he _h pass$ & by t :i* ,he 0 n[ endur+4
  ,:5 righte\sness is trampl$ und]foot &
 wrong is triumphant1 fai? is tempt$ to 
ask if !re is really a ,god1 lov+ &     
wise1 seat$ on ! ?rone ( ! univ]se1 or  
:e!r1 on ! contr>y1 all is ! play (     
*ance4  ,:5 prosp]ity is turn$ sudd5ly  
into adv]sity & ! /ructure ( ! plans &  
hopes ( a life is tumbl$ 9 confusion to 
! gr\nd1 ev5 ! *ild ( ,god is apt to    
kick aga9/ ! ,div9e w4  ,great sa9ts h  
be5 driv51 by ! pressure ( pa9 &        
disappo9tm5t1 to *all5ge ,god's         
righte\sness 9 words :i* x is n lawful =
 a man to utt]4  ,b1 :5 ! =tunes (      
,jesus 7 at ! blacke/1 :5 ,he 0 bait$ by
 a rag+ pack ( wolf-l enemies1 & :5 ,he 
0 s9k+ into unplumb$ abysses ( pa9 &    
des]tion1 ,he /ill said ,fa!r4  ,x 0 !  
apo!osis ( fai?1 & to all "t x w s]ve z 
an example2 because x 0 glori\sly       
v9dicat$4  ,if ev] ! h& ( ! ,creator    

seem$ to be )drawn f ! rudd] ( !        
univ]se1 & ! c\rse ( human affairs to be
 driv+ d[n headlong into ! gulf (       
confusion1 x 0 :5 ,he :o 0 ! embodim5t (
 moral beauty & wor? _h to die a %ameful
 dea? z a malefactor4  ,c\ld good by any
 possibility rise out ( su* an abyss (  
wrong8  ,! salvation ( ! _w came out (  
x2 all t is noble/ 9 hi/ory came out (  
x4 ,?is is ! supreme lesson to ,god's   
*ildr5 nev] to despair4  ,all may be    
d>k2 ev]y?+ may seem go+ to rack & ru92 
evil may seem to be en?ron$ on ! seat ( 
,god2 yet ,god live?2 ,he sits above !  
tumult ( ! pres5t2 & ,he w br+ =? ! dawn
 f ! womb ( ! d>kness4   ,,ii4  ,! pray]
 :i* foll[$ ?is invocation 0 /ill m     
rem>kable3 x 0 a pray] = ! p>don ( ,8   
enemies4  ,9 ! =ego+ pages we h se5 to  
:at k9d ( treatm5t ,he 0 subject$ f !   
arre/ onw>ds--h[ ! m9ions ( au?ority    
/ruck & insult$ ,him1 h[ ! high prie/s  
twi/$ ! =ms ( law to ensn>e ,him1 h[    
,h]od disda9$ ,him1 h[ ,pilate play$ fa/
 & loose ) ,8 int]e/s1 h[ ! mob h[l$ at 

,him4  ,our he>ts h burn$ ) indignation 
z "o dep? ( bas5ess has op5$ b5ea?      
ano!r2 & we h be5 unable to refra9 f us+
 h>d language4  ,! comm5t ( ,jesus on x 
all 01 ,fa!r1 =give !m4  ,long ago1     
inde$1 ,he _h taught m51 ,love y\r      
enemies1 bless !m t curse y1 d good to  
!m t hate y1 & pray = !m :i*            
despitefully use y & p]secute y4  ,b ?is
 morality ( ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt _h be5  
consid]$1 z ! _w /ill incl9es to consid]
 x1 a beautiful dream4  ,!re h be5 _m   
tea*]s :o h said su* beautiful ?+s2 b   
:at a diff]5ce !re is betwe5 prea*+ &   
practice6  ,:5 y h be5 delight$ ) !     
s5tim5ts ( an au?or1 x is frequ5tly well
 t y "k no m ab\t him2 because1 if y    
*ance to become acqua9t$ ) ! facts ( 8  
own life1 y exp]i5ce a pa9ful           
disillusionm5t4  ,h n /ud5ts ev5 ( our  
own ,engli% lit]ature 9 v rec5t times   
le>n$ to be afraid to read ! biographies
 ( lit]>y m51 le/ ! beautiful /ructure (
 s5tim5ts :i* !y h ga!r$ f _! writ+s    
%\ld be %att]$ by ! tru? ab\t !mselves8 

,b ,jesus practis$ :at ,he taught4  ,he 
is ! "o tea*] ( mank9d 9 :om ! s5tim5t &
 ! act completely co9cide4  ,8 doctr9e 0
 ! v highe/3 too high x (t5 seems = ?is 
_w4  ,b h[ mu* m practical x appe>s :5  
we see x 9 action4  ,he prov$ t x c be  
realis$ on e>? :5 on ! cross ,he pray$1 
,fa!r1 =give !m4  ,few ( u1 p]haps1 "k  
:at x is to =give4  ,we h nev] be5      
deeply wrong$2 v likely _m ( u h n a    
s+le enemy 9 ! _w4  ,b ^? :o h are aw>e 
h[ difficult x is2 p]haps no?+ else is m
 difficult4  ,rev5ge is "o ( ! sweete/  
satisfactions to ! natural he>t4  ,! law
 ( ! anci5t _w 01 at lea/ 9 practice1   
,?\ %alt love ?y neighb\r & hate ?9e    
enemy4  ,ev5 sa9ts1 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1  
curse ^? :o h p]secut$ & wrong$ !m 9    
t]ms ( uncompromis+ sev]ity4  ,_h ,jesus
 foll[$ ^! &1 z soon z ,he 0 able to    
speak1 utt]$ to ,8 ,fa!r a compla9t 9   
:i* ! conduct ( ,8 enemies 0 br&$ 9 !   
t]ms x des]v$1 :o w\ld h v5tur$ to f9d  
fault ) ,him8  ,ev5 9 t !re might h be5 
a revelation ( ,god2 because 9 ! ,div9e 

nature !re is a fire ( wra? aga9/ s94   
,b h[ poor w\ld su* a revelation h be5 9
 comp>ison ) ! "o :i* ,he n[ made4  ,all
 ,8 life ,he 0 reveal+ ,god2 b n[ ,8 "t 
0 %ort2 & x 0 ! v highe/ 9 ,god ,he _h  
to make kn[n4  ,9 ?is ^w ,*ri/ reveal$  
,himself2 b at ! same "t ,he reveal$ !  
,fa!r4  ,all ,8 life long ! ,fa!r 0 9   
,him1 b on ! cross ! div9e life & "*    
flam$ 9 ,8 human nature l ! fire 9 !    
burn+ bu%4  ,x utt]$ itself 9 ! ^w2     
,fa!r1 =give !m2 & :at did x tell8  ,x  
told t ,god is love4   ,,iii4  ,! expir+
 ,savi\r back$ up ,8 pray] = ! =giv5ess 
( ,8 enemies ) ! argum5t--,= !y "k n :at
 !y d4  ,?is all[s u to see fur!r /ill  
into ! div9e dep?s ( ,8 love4 ,! injur$ 
are g5]ally alive only to _! own side ( 
! case2 & !y see only ^? circum/ances   
:i* t5d to place ! conduct ( ! opposite 
p>ty 9 ! wor/ light4  ,b at ! mom5t :5 !
 pa9 inflict$ by ,8 enemies 0 at ! wor/ 
,jesus 0 seek+ excuses = _! conduct4  ,!
 "q has be5 rais$ h[ f> ! excuse :i* ,he
 made on _! behalf appli$4  ,c\ld x be  

said ( !m all t !y knew n :at !y 7 do+8 
,did n ,judas "k8 did n ! high prie/s   
"k8 did n ,h]od "k8  ,app>5tly x 0      
prim>ily to ! soldi]s :o did ! actual "w
 ( crucifixion t ,jesus ref]r$2 because 
x 0 9 ! v mid/ ( _! "w t ! words 7      
utt]$1 z may be se5 9 ! n>rative ( ,/4  
,luke4  ,! soldi]s1 ! rude un9/ruct$    
in/rum5ts ( ! gov]nm5t1 7 ! lea/ guilty 
among ! assailants ( ,jesus4  ,next to  
!m1 p]haps1 came ,pilate2 & !re 7       
diff]5t /ages & degrees d[n1 ?r\gh ,h]od
 & ! ,sanh$rim1 to ! unspeakable bas5ess
 ( ,judas4  ,b ,/4 ,pet]1 9 ! beg9n+ (  
,acts1 expressly ext5ds ! plea (        
ignorance s f> z to cov] ev5 !          
,sanh$ri/s--,& n[1 bre?r51 ,i wot t     
?r\gh ignorance ye did x1 z did also y\r
 rul]s--& :o w believe t ! he>t ( !     
,savi\r 0 less compreh5sive ?an t ( !   
disciple8  ,let u n be putt+ limits to !
 div9e m]cy4  ,x is true ( e s9n]1 9 "s 
measure1 t he kn[s n :at he does4  ,& to
 a true p5it5t1 z he approa*es ! ?rone (
 m]cy1 x is a great consolation to be   

assur$ t ?is plea w be all[$4  ,p5it5t  
,/4 ,paul 0 com=t$ ) x3 ,god _h m]cy on 
me1 because ,i did x ignorantly 9       
unbelief4  ,god kn[s all our weakness & 
bl9dness2 m5 w n make all[ance = x or   
ev5 und]/& x2 b ,he w und]/& x all1 if  
we come to hide our guilty head 9 ,8    
bosom4  ,( c\rse ?is bless$ tru? may be 
p]v]t$ by an imp5it5t he>t to its own   
undo+4  ,!re is no fals] notion ?an t   
express$ 9 ! ,fr5* prov]b1 ,t\t         
compr5dre e/ t\t p>donn] 7,to und]/&    
ev]y?+ is to p>don ev]y?+71 = x means t 
man is ! m]e creature ( circum/ances &  
has no real responsibility = 8 actions4 
,h[ f> our ,"l 0 f ?is way ( ?9k+ is %[n
 by ! fact t ,he said1 ,=give !m4  ,he  
knew t !y ne$$ =giv5ess2 :i* implies t  
!y 7 guilty4  ,inde$1 x 0 ,8 vivid      
appreh5sion ( ! dang] to :i* _! guilt   
expos$ !m t made ,him =get ,8 own       
suff]+s & fl+ ,himself betwe5 !m & _!   
fate4   ,x has be5 ask$1 ,0 ?is pray]   
answ]$8  7 ! crucifi]s ( ,jesus =giv58  
,to ?is x may be repli$ t a pray] =     

=giv5ess _c be answ]$ )\t ! co-op]ation 
( ^? pray$ =4  ,unless !y rep5t & seek  
p>don = !mselves1 h[ c ,god =give !m8   
,! pray] ( ,jesus1 !re=e1 meant t "t    
%\ld be grant$ !m = rep5tance1 & t !y   
%\ld be pli$ ) provid5ces & ) prea*+1 to
 awak5 _! consci5ces4  ,to puni% s      
appall+ a crime z ! crucifixion ( ,8    
,son1 ,god might h caus$ ! e>? to op5 on
 ! spot & swall[ ! s9n]s up4  ,b no     
judgm5t ( ! k9d took place4  ,z ,jesus  
_h pr$ict$1 ,j]usalem p]i%$ 9           
indescribable ?roes ( agony2 b n till   
=ty ye>s aft] ,8 dea?2 & 9 ?is int]val !
 p\r+ out ( ! ,_s at ,p5teco/ took      
place1 & ! apo/les began _! prea*+ ( !  
k+dom at ,j]usalem1 urg5tly call+ !     
nation to rep5tance4  ,nor 0 _! "w 9    
va92 = ?\s&s believ$4  ,ev5 be=e ! sc5e 
( ! crucifixion t]m9at$1 "o ( ! two     
?ieves crucifi$ along ) ,jesus1 :o _h   
tak5 "p 9 revil+ ,him1 0 conv]t$2 & !   
c5turion :o sup]9t5d$ ! execution       
confess$ ,him z ! ,son ( ,god4  ,aft]   
all 0 ov]1 multitudes :o _h beheld !    

sight w5t away smit+ _! brea/s4#b  ,we h
 no reason to d\bt1 !re=e1 t ev5 9 ?is  
direct s5se ! pray] receiv$ an abundant 
answ]4  ,b ?is 0 a pray] ( a k9d :i* may
 also be answ]$ indirectly4 ,besides !  
effect :i* pray] has 9 procur+ specific 
petitions1 x acts reflexly on ! _s ( !  
p]son :o (f]s x1 calm+1 sweet5+1        
invigorat+4  ,al?\gh "s errone\sly reg>d
 ?is z ! only real answ] t pray] c      
receive1 d5y+ t ,god c be mov$ by our   
petitions1 yet we1 :o believe t m ?+s   
are wr\ght by pray]1 ought n to ov]look 
?is4  ,by pray+ t ,8 enemies might be   
=giv51 ,jesus 0 enabl$ to drive back !  
spirits ( ang] & rev5ge :i* tri$ to =ce 
_! way into ,8 bosom1 & pres]v$         
undi/urb$ ! s]5ity ( ,8 s\l4  ,to ask   
,god to =give !m 0 ! triumphant end+ (  
,8 own ef=t to =give2 & x is impossible 
to =give )\t a delici\s s5se (          
deliv]ance & peace be+ %$ abroad 9 !    
=giv+ he>t4  ,may we n add t "p ( !     
answ] to ?is pray] has be5 its          
repetition age aft] age by ! p]secut$ & 

wrong$8  ,/4 ,/eph5 l$ ! way1 9 !       
article ( dea? pray+ meekly aft] !      
fa%ion ( 8 ,ma/]1 ,"l1 lay n ?is s9 to  
_! *>ge4  ,hundr$s h foll[$4  ,& day by 
day ?is pray] is dim9i%+ ! sum (        
bitt]ness & increas+ ! am\nt ( love 9 ! 
_w4    #a ,fa!r1 =give !m2 = !y "k n :at
 !y d4  #b ,luke xxiii4 #dh4     ,,*apt]
 ,,xv4  ,,! ,,second ,,^w ,,f ,,!       
,,cross#a   ,i4  ,x is n said by ^:     
arrangem5t x 0 t ,jesus 0 hung betwe5 ! 
two ?ieves4  ,x may h be5 done by ord] (
 ,pilate1 :o wi%$ 9 ?is way to add po9t 
to ! witticism :i* he _h put into !     
inscription above ! cross2 or !         
arrangem5t may h be5 due to ! ,jewi%    
(ficials1 :o foll[$ _! ,victim to       
,golgo?a & may h p]suad$ ! soldi]s to   
give ,him ?is place1 z an additional    
insult2 or ! soldi]s may h done x ( _!  
own accord1 simply because ,he 0        
obvi\sly ! mo/ notable ( _! prison]s4   
,! likelihood is t !re 0 malice 9 x4    
,yet !re 0 a div9e purpose beh9d ! wra? 
( man4  ,aga9 & aga9 "o has to rem>k h[1

 9 ^! la/ sc5es1 e %r$ ( action & e r&om
 ^w aim$ at ,jesus = ! purpose ( injur+ 
& di%on\r+ ,him s turn$1 in/ead1 to     
hon\r1 t 9 our eyes1 n[ look+ back1 x   
%9es on ,him l a />4  ,z a fire cat*es !
 lump ( dirty coal or clot ( fil? t is  
flung into x1 & conv]ts x into a mass ( 
light1 s at ?is "t !re 0 t ab\t ,*ri/   
:i* transmut$ ! v insults hurl$ at ,him 
into hon\rs & *>g$ ev5 ! incid5ts ( ,8  
crucifixion :i* 7 mo/ trivial 9 !mselves
 ) unspeakable mean+4  ,! cr[n ( ?orns1 
! purple robe1 ,pilate's ,ecce ,homo1 ! 
inscription on ! cross1 ! savage cries (
 ! pass]s-by & o!r simil> incid5ts1 full
 at ! "t ( malice1 are n[ memories      
treasur$ by all :o love ! ,savi\r4  ,s  
,8 position betwe5 ! ?ieves 0 orda9$ by 
,god z well z by m54  ,x 0 ,8 "r        
position4  ,!y _h call$ ,him long be=e a
 fri5d ( publicans & s9n]s2 & n[1 by    
crucify+ ,him betwe5 ! ?ieves1 !y put ! 
same idea into action4  ,z1 h[ev]1 t    
nickname has become a title ( ev]la/+   
hon\r1 s has ?is insult+ de$4  ,jesus   

came to ! _w to id5tify ,himself )      
s9n]s2 _! cause 0 ,81 & ,he wrapp$ up ,8
 fate ) !irs2 ,he _h liv$ among !m1 & x 
0 meet t ,he %\ld die among !m4 ,to ?is 
day ,he is 9 ! mid/ ( !m2 & ! /range    
behavi\r ( ! two betwe5 :om ,he hung t  
day 0 a prefigurem5t ( :at has be5      
happ5+ e day s9ce3 "s s9n]s h believ$ on
 ,him & be5 sav$1 :ile o!rs h believ$ n3
 to ! "o ,8 gospel is a sav\r ( life    
unto life1 to ! o!r x is a sav\r ( dea? 
unto dea?4  ,s x is to be till ! end2 & 
on ! great day :5 ! :ole hi/ory ( ?is _w
 %all be w\nd up ,he w /ill be 9 ! mid/2
 & ! p5it5t w be on ! "o h& & ! imp5it5t
 on ! o!r4  ,b x 0 n 9 "o way only t !  
div9e wisdom ov]rul$ = high ends ( its  
own ! humiliat+ circum/ance t ,jesus 0  
?us reckon$ ) ! transgressors4  ,x gave 
,him an opportunity ( illu/rat+1 at ! v 
la/ mom5t1 bo? ! magnanimity ( ,8 own "*
 & ! nature ( ,8 mission2 & at ! mom5t  
:5 ,he ne$$ x mo/ x suppli$ ,him ) a cup
 ( :at _h always be5 to ,him ! supreme  
joy ( liv+--! bliss ( do+ good4  ,z !   

p>able ( ! ,prodigal ,son is an epitome 
( ! :ole tea*+ ( ,*ri/1 s is ! salvation
 ( ! ?ief on ! cross ! life ( ,*ri/ 9   
m9iature4   ,,ii4  ,bo? ?ieves appe> to 
h jo9$ 9 taunt+ ,jesus1 9 imitation ( ! 
,sanh$ri/s4  ,?is has1 inde$1 be5 d\bt$ 
or d5i$ by ^?1 ( :om !re h be5 _m1 :o h 
exp]i5c$ difficulty 9 und]/&+ h[ s      
complete a revolution z ! conv]sion ( ! 
p5it5t ?ief c\ld take place 9 s %ort a  
"t4  ,two ( ! ,evangeli/s say t ^?      
crucifi$ ) ,him revil$ ,him2 b x is j   
possible grammatically to expla9 ?is z  
ref]r+ only to "o ( !m2 because         
sometimes an action is attribut$ to a   
class1 ?\gh only "o p]son ( ! class has 
done x4#b  ,! natural int]pretation1    
h[ev]1 is t bo? did x4  ,x is likely    
en\gh1 inde$1 t ! "o :o did n rep5t     
began x1 & t ! o!r jo9$ 91 less ( 8 own 
accord ?an 9 imitation ( 8 reckless     
associate4  ,v probably ?is 0 n ! fir/  
"t t he _h be5 dragg$ into s9 by ! same 
attraction4  ,8 companion may h be5 8   
evil g5ius1 :o _h ru9$ 8 life & br\ght  

him at la/ to ?is %ameful end4  ,x 0 an 
awful extreme ( wick$ness to be engag$1 
s ne> _! own end1 9 hurl+ opprobri\s    
words at a fell[-suff]]4  ,( c\rse1 ! v 
excess ( pa9 made crucifi$ p]sons       
reckless2 & to be engag$ do+ any?+1     
especially any?+ viol5t1 help$ to make  
!m =get _! agony4  ,x matt]$ n :o or :at
 0 ! object ( attack2 !y 7 r$uc$ to !   
condition ( tortur$ animals2 & ! trapp$ 
brute bites at any?+ :i* approa*es x4   
,?is 0 ! /ate ( ! imp5it5t ?ief4  ,b !  
o!r drew back f 8 companion ) horror4   
,! v excess ( s9 ov]leap$ itself2 & = ! 
fir/ "t he saw h[ vile a wret* he 04    
,?is 0 br\ght home to him by ! contra/ (
 ! pati5ce & peace ( ,jesus4  ,8 brutal 
companion _h hi!rto be5 8 ideal2 b n[ he
 p]ceives h[ base is 8 f]oci\s c\rage 9 
comp>ison ) ! /r5g? ( ,*ri/'s s]5e      
endurance4  ,! desire to expla9 away !  
sudd5ness ( ! conv]sion has l$ to all   
sorts ( conjectures z to ! possibility (
 previ\s meet+s betwe5 ! ?ief & ,*ri/4  
,x is q legitimate to dwell on :at he _h

 se5 ( ! behavi\r ( ,jesus f ! mom5t :5 
!y 7 br\ght into contact 9 !            
crucifixion4  ,he _h he>d ,him pray = ! 
=giv5ess ( ,8 enemies2 he _h witness$ ,8
 demean\r on ! way to ,calv>y & he>d ,8 
words to ! daught]s ( ,j]usalem2 ! v    
cries ( ,8 enemies r\nd ! cross1 :5 !y  
ca/ 9 ,8 tee? ! titles :i* ,he _h claim$
 or :i* _h be5 attribut$ to ,him1 in=m$ 
him :at 7 ! pret5sions ( ,jesus2 p]haps 
he may h witness$ & he>d ! trial be=e   
,pilate4  ,b1 :5 we attempt to g fur!r  
back1 we h no?+ solid to f\nd ^u4  ,_h  
he ev] he>d ,jesus prea*8  ,_h he       
witness$ any ( ,8 miracles8  ,h[ mu* did
 he "k ( ! nature ( ,8 ,k+dom1 ( :i* he 
spoke8  ,guesses may be made 9 answ] to 
su* que/ions1 b !y _c be au!nticat$4  ,i
 %\ld be incl9$ ) m confid5ce to look   
fur!r back /ill4  ,he may h come out ( a
 pi\s home2 he may h be5 a prodigal l$  
a/ray by companions1 & especially by !  
/rong companion ) :om he 0 n[ associat$4
  ,z !re 0 a weep+ "m at ! foot ( !     
cross ( ,jesus1 !re may h be5 a         

he>t-brok5 p>5t at ! foot ( t o!r cross 
also1 ^: pray]s 7 yet go+ to be answ]$ 9
 a way surpass+ h] wilde/ hopes4  ,! "q 
( ! possibility ( sudd5 conv]sion is    
g5]ally argu$ ) too mu* excitem5t on bo?
 sides to all[ ! facts to be recognis$4 
,among u !re may1 9 "o s5se1 be said to 
be no su* ?+4  ,suppose anyone read+ ?is
 page1 :o may "k t he has n yet ) 8 :ole
 he>t & s\l turn$ to ,god1 7 to d s be=e
 turn+ ! next leaf1 w\ld ?is be a sudd5 
conv]sion8  ,:y1 ! prep>ation = x has   
be5 go+ on = ye>s4  ,:at has be5 !      
int5tion ( all ! religi\s in/ruction :i*
 y h receiv$ f y\r *ildhood1 ( ! pray]s 
(f]$ on y\r behalf ( ! appeals :i* h    
mov$ y1 ( ! /riv+s ( ,god's ,_s1 b to   
lead up to ?is result8  ,?\gh y\r       
conv]sion 7 to take place ?is v h\r1 x  
w\ld only be ! la/ mom5t ( a process :i*
 has gone on = ye>s4  ,yet 9 a s5se x   
w\ld be sudd54  ,& :y %\ld x n8 ,:at    
reason is !re :y y\r return to ,god %\ld
 be fur!r po/pon$8  ,!re are two        
exp]i5ces 9 religion :i* require to be  

c>efully di/+ui%$3 !re is ! mak+ (      
religi\s impressions on u by o!rs f !   
outside--?r\gh in/ruction1 example1     
appeal & ! l2 & !re is ! rise ( religion
 )9 ourselves1 :5 we turn r\nd ^u our   
impressions & make !m our own4  ,! =m]  
exp]i5ce is long & sl[1 b ! latt] may be
 v sudd52 & a v little ?+ may br+ x     
ab\t4  ,ano!r way 9 :i* x is possible to
 m9imise ! greatness ( ?is conv]sion is 
by que/ion+ ! guilt ( ! man4#c  ,:5 he  
is call$ a ?ief1 ! "n sugge/s a v common
 & degrad$ s9n]2 b x is po9t$ out t     
robb] w\ld be ! correct "n1 & t probably
 he & 8 companion may h be5             
revolution>ies1 ^: opposition to !      
,roman rule _h driv5 !m outside ! pale (
 society1 :]e1 to w9 a subsi/5ce1 !y _h 
to resort to ! trade ( highwaym52 b 9 t 
c\ntry1 tyrannis$ ov] by a despotic     
=eign p[]1 ^? :o attempt$ to raise !    
/&>d ( revolt 7 sometimes f> f ignoble  
*>act]s1 ?\gh ! necessities ( _!        
position betray$ !m into acts ( viol5ce4
  ,!re is tru? 9 ?is2 & ! p5it5t ?ief   

may n h be5 a s9n] above all m54  ,b 8  
own words to 8 companion1 ,we receive ! 
due rew>d ( our de$s1 po9t ! o!r way4   
,8 memory 0 /a9$ ) acts = :i* he        
ackn[l$g$ t dea? 0 ! lawful p5alty4  ,9 
%ort1 !re is no reason to d\bt ei!r t he
 0 a great s9n] or t he 0 sudd5ly *ang$4
  ,& !re=e 8 example w always be an     
enc\ragem5t to ! wor/ ( s9n]s :5 !y     
rep5t4  ,x is common = p5it5ts to be    
afraid to come to ,god1 because _! s9s h
 be5 too great to be =giv52 b ^? :o are 
enc\rag+ !m c po9t to cases l ,manasseh1
 & ,m>y ,magdal5e1 & ! ?ief on ! cross1 
& assure !m t ! m]cy :i* suffic$ = ^! is
 suffici5t = all3 ,! blood ( ,jesus     
,*ri/1 ,god's ,son1 cleanse? u f all s94
  ,! fe> ( ^? :o endeav\r to m9imise !  
wond]fulness ( ?is conv]sion is le/1 if 
x be all[$ t a man ( ! wor/ "* c\ld     
und]go s complete a *ange 9 s %ort a "t 
on ! v v]ge ( ! o!r _w1 m5 may be induc$
 to put (f _! own salvation 9 ! hope (  
avail+ !mselves ( a dea?-b$ rep5tance4  
,?is is a j fe>2 & ! grace ( ,god has   

und\bt$ly be5 sometimes ?us abus$4  ,b x
 is an utt] abuse4  ,^? :o all[ !mselves
 to be deceiv$ ) ?is reason+ believe t  
!y c at any mom5t comm& p5it5ce & fai?1 
& t all ! o!r feel+s ( religion w come  
to !m :5ev] !y *oose to summon !m4  ,b  
does exp]i5ce lead u to believe ?is8    
,are n ! occasions1 on ! contr>y1 v r>e 
:5 religion really moves irreligi\s m5  
,we _c k9dle :5 we w     ,! fire t 9 !  
s\l resides3   ,! _s brea!? & is /ill-- 
,9 my/]y ! s\l abides4  ,nor is x by any
 means a uni=m exp]i5ce t ! approa* (   
dea? awak5s religi\s anxiety4  ,! o!r   
?ief is a solemn w>n+4 ,?\gh face to    
face ) dea? & 9 su* close proximity to  
,jesus1 he 0 only h>d5$ & r5d]$ m       
reckless ?an ev]4  ,& ?is is f> m likely
 to be ! fate ( anyone :o delib]ately   
qu5*es ! ,_s because he is tru/+ to a   
dea?-b$ rep5tance4  ,yet we w n all[ !  
possible abuse ( ! tru? to rob u ( !    
glori\s te/imony conta9$ 9 ?is incid5t  
to ! grace ( ,god4  ,we set no limits to
 ! invitation ( ! ,savi\r1 ,him t come? 

unto ,me ,i w 9 no wise ca/ out4  ,h[ev]
 late a s9n] may be 9 com+1 & h[ev]     
little "t he may h 9 :i* to come1 let   
him only come & he w n be ca/ out4  ,!re
 is no m critical te/ ( !ologies &      
!ologians ?an ! "q :at message !y h to a
 dy+ p]son ^: s9s are un=giv54  ,if !   
salvation :i* a prea*] has to (f] is    
only a c\rse ( moral improvem5t1 :at c  
he h to say 9 su* a place8  ,we may be  
sure t our gospel is n ! gospel ( ,him  
:o com=t$ ! p5it5t ?ief1 unless we are  
able to (f] ev5 to a dy+ s9n] a         
salvation imm$iate1 joyful & complete4  
,h[ complete ! revolution 0 9 ! p5it5t  
?ief is %[n by 8 own words4  ,/4 ,paul 9
 "o place sums up ,*ri/ianity 9 two     
?+s--rep5tance t[>ds ,god & fai? 9 ! ,"l
 ,jesus ,*ri/4  ,& bo? ( ^! we see 9 ?is
 p5it5t's words4  ,8 rep5tance t[>ds    
,god is br\ght out by :at he said to 8  
companion4  ,do/ ?\ n fe> ,god8 he ask$4
  ,he _h himself =gott5 ,god1 no d\bt1 &
 put ,him f> away 9 ! s9ful pa/4  ,b n[ 
,god 0 ne>1 & 9 ! light ( ,god he saw 8 

own s9fulness4  ,he confess$ x1 do+ s n 
only 9 8 secret m9d b audibly4  ,?us he 
sep>at$ himself f x1 z he did also f !  
companion :o _h l$ him a/ray1 :5 he w\ld
 n come ) him on ! pa? ( p5it5ce4  ,n   
less di/9ctly d ,8 words to ! ,savi\r   
manife/ 8 fai? 9 ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4    
,!y are simple & humble3 all he d>$ to  
expect 0 t1 :5 ,*ri/ came into ,8 k+dom1
 ,he w\ld rememb] him4  ,b !y recognis$ 
! glory ( ,*ri/ & express$ tru/ 9 ,him4 
,at ! mom5t :5 ! religi\s tea*]s ( !    
nations ?\ght t !y _h = ev] de/roy$     
,*ri/'s claims1 & ev5 ,8 own disciples  
_h =sak5 ,him1 ?is poor dy+ s9n] believ$
 9 ,him4  ,h[ cle>1 exclaims ,calv91 0 !
 vision ( ! eyes :i* c\ld ?us see 9 dea?
 life1 9 ru9 maje/y1 9 %ame glory1 9    
defeat victory1 9 slav]y royalty4  ,i "q
 if ev] s9ce ! _w began !re has be5 s   
bright an example ( fai?4  ,lu!r is no  
less laudatory4 ,?is1 says he1 0 = ,*ri/
 a com=t l t suppli$ to ,him by ! angel 
9 ! g>d54  ,god c\ld n all[ ,8 ,son to  
be de/itute ( subjects1 & n[ ,8 ,*ur*   

surviv$ 9 ?is "o man4  ,:]e ! fai? ( ,/4
 ,pet] broke (f1 ! fai? ( ! p5it5t ?ief 
comm5c$4  ,& ano!r#d asks1 ,did ev] !   
new bir? take place 9 s /range a cradle8
   ,,iii4  ,x is wor? not+ t x 0 n by   
words t ,jesus conv]t$ ?is man4  ,he did
 n address ! p5it5t ?ief at all till !  
?ief spoke to ,him4  ,! "w ( conviction 
0 done be=e ,he utt]$ a ^w4  ,yet x 0 ,8
 "w2 & h[ did ,he d x8  ,z ,/4 ,pet]    
exhort$ godly wives to conv]t _! hea!n  
husb&s1 :5 he wrote to !m1 ,likewise1 ye
 wives1 be 9 subjection to y\r own      
husb&s1 t1 if any obey n ! ,^w1 !y also 
may1 )\t ! ,^w1 be won by ! conv]sation 
7i4e41 behavi\r7 ( ! wives1 :ile !y     
behold y\r *a/e conv]sation c\pl$ ) fe>4
  ,x 0 by ! impression ( ,8 pati5ce1 ,8 
innoc5ce1 ,8 peace1 & ,8 magnanimity1 t 
,jesus conv]t$ ! man2 & h]e9 ,he has    
left u an example t we %\ld foll[ 9 ,8  
/eps4  ,b ,8 words1 :5 ,he did speak1   
add$ imm5sely to ! impression4 ,!y 7    
few1 b e "o ( !m express$ ! ,savi\r4  ,!
 robb] 0 ?9k+ ( "s date f> (f :5 ,*ri/  

might int]v5e 9 8 behalf1 b ,*ri/ says1 
,to-day4  ,?is 0 a prophecy t he w\ld   
die t day1 & n be all[$ to l+] = days1 z
 crucifi$ p]sons (t5 72 & ?is 0         
fulfill$4  ,b x 01 besides1 a promise t 
z soon z dea? laun*$ him out ( "t into  
et]nity1 ,*ri/ w\ld be wait+ !re to     
receive him4  ,to-day ?\ %alt be ) ,me4 
,all heav5 is 9 ^! two la/ words4  ,:at 
d we really "k ( heav51 :at d we wi% to 
"k1 except t x is to be ) ,*ri/8  ,yet a
 little m 0 add$--9 ,p>adise4  ,"s h    
?\ght t 9 ?is phrase ,*ri/ 0 /oop+ to ! 
conceptions ( ! p5it5t ?ief by us+ a    
popul> expression = "s happy place 9 !  
o!r _w4#e  ,at lea/ ! ^w1 :i* means a   
g>d5 or p>k & 0 appli$ to ! abode ( our 
fir/ p>5ts 9 ,ed51 c\ld n b call up 9 ! 
consci\sness ( ! dy+ man a sc5e (       
beauty1 innoc5ce & peace1 :]e1 wa%$     
clean f ! defilem5t ( 8 pa/ errors1 he  
w\ld beg9 to exi/ aga9 z a new creature4
  ,ev5 ,*ri/ians h believ$ t ! utmo/ t c
 be expect$ 9 ! next _w by a s\l ) a    
hi/ory l ! robb]'s is1 at lea/ to beg9  

)1 to be consign$ to ! fires (          
purgatory4  ,b f> diff]5t is ! grace (  
,*ri/3 great & p]fect is ,8 "w1 & !re=e 
ours is a full salvation4  ,?is second  
^w f ! cross af=ds a r>e glimpse into ! 
div9e glory ( ! ,savi\r2 & x is all ! m 
impressive t x is indirect4  ,! ?ief1 9 
! mo/ solemn circum/ances1 spoke to ,him
 z to a ,k+ & pray$ to ,him z to a      
,god4#f  ,& h[ did ,he respond8 ,did ,he
 say1 ,pray n to ,me2 ,i am a man l     
y\rself1 & ,i "k z little ( ! unkn[n    
c\ntry into :i* we are bo? ab\t to ent] 
z y d8  ,?is is :at ,he ought to h      
answ]$1 if ,he 0 no m ?an "s make ,him  
out to be4  ,b ,he accept$ ! homage ( ,8
 petition]2 ,he spoke ( ! _w unse5 z ( a
 place native & famili>4  ,he gave him  
to und]/& t ,he possess$ z mu* influ5ce 
!re z he attribut$ to ,him4  ,?is great 
s9n] laid on ,*ri/ ! weight ( 8 s\l1 !  
weight ( 8 s9s1 ! weight ( 8 et]nity2 & 
,*ri/ accept$ ! burd54    #a ,to-day    
%alt ?\ be ) ,me 9 ,p>adise4  #b ,s     
,augu/9 & _m4  #c ,s*lei]ma*] makes mu* 

( ?is2 &1 inde$1 does ev]y?+ 9 8 p[] to 
m9imise ! moral miracle4  ,! :ole s]mon 
is a specim5 ( 8 wor/ mann]1 :5 he rides
 away on "s side issue & fails to exp\nd
 ! great c5tral lessons ( a subject4  #d
 ,?oluck4  #e ,9 ,biblical ,hebrew ! ^w 
is us$ = a *oice g>d5 b 9 ! ,,lxx4 & !  
,apocalypse x is already us$ 9 our s5se 
( ,p>adise4--,,ed]%eim4  #f ,! ^w ,"l 9 
! robb]'s spee* is1 h[ev]1 unau!ntic4   
,,*apt] ,,xvi4  ,,! ,,?ird ,,^w ,,f ,,! 
,,cross#a  ,9 ! life ( our ,"l f fir/ to
 la/ !re is a /range bl5d+ ( ! maje/ic &
 ! l[ly4  ,:5 a beam ( ,8 div9e dignity 
is all[$ to %9e out & dazzle u1 x is    
nev] long be=e !re ensues "s incid5t :i*
 rem9ds u t ,he is bone ( our bone &    
fle% ( our fle%2 &1 contr>iwise1 :5 ,he 
does any?+ :i* impressively br+s home to
 u ,8 humanity1 !re always foll[s some?+
 to rem9d u t ,he 0 great] ?an ! sons ( 
m54  ,?us at ,8 bir? ,he 0 laid 9 a     
mang]2 yet out on ! pa/ures ( ,be?lehem 
angels sang ,8 praise4  ,long aft]w>ds  
,he 0 asleep 9 ! end ( ! boat1 & s      

ov]come ) fatigue t ,he ne$$ to be      
awak5$ to realise ,8 dang]2 b imm$iately
 ,he rebuk$ ! w9ds & ! waves1 & !re 0 a 
great calm4  ,:5 ,he saw ! grief ( ,m>?a
 & ,m>y1 ,jesus wept2 b only a few      
m9utes aft]w>ds ,he cri$1 ,laz>us1 come 
=?1 & ,he 0 obey$4  ,s x 0 to ! v la/4  
,9 /udy+ ! ,second ,^w f ! cross we saw 
,him op5+ ! gates ( ,p>adise to ! p5it5t
 ?ief2 to-day ! ,?ird ,^w w %[ ,him to u
 z ! ,son ( a woman1 conc]n$ 9 ,8 dy+   
h\r = h] bodily su/5ance4   ,i4  ,! eye 
( ,jesus1 rov+ ov] ! multitude ^:       
compon5t p>ts h be5 already describ$1   
light$ on ,8 "m /&+ at ! foot ( ! cross4
  ,9 ! words ( ! great m$iaeval hymn1   
:i* is kn[n to all by its op5+ words1   
,/abat mat]1 & f ! fact t x has be5 set 
to music by su* ma/]s z ,pale/r9a1      
,haydn & ,ross9i1    ,beside ! cross 9  
te>s     ,! woeful "m /ood1   ,b5t 'nea?
 ! weight ( ye>s1     ,& view$ ,8 fl[+  
blood2   ,h] m9d ) grief 0 torn1     ,h]
 /r5g? 0 ebb+ fa/1   ,& ?r\gh h] he>t   
=lorn     ,! sword ( angui% pass$4  ,:5 

%e c>ri$ h] ,infant into ! temple 9 !   
pride ( "y mo!rhood1 ! v5]able ,simeon  
=etold t a sword w\ld pi]ce ?r\gh h] own
 s\l also4  ,(t5 p]haps _h %e wond]$1 9 
happy days1 :at ?is my/]i\s pr$iction   
might mean4  ,b n[ %e knew1 = ! sword 0 
smit+ h]1 /ab aft] /ab4  ,x is always   
h>d = a "m to see h] son die4  ,%e      
naturally expects him to lay h] head 9 !
 grave4  ,especially is ?is ! case ) !  
fir/-born1 ! son ( h] /r5g?4  ,jesus 0  
only ?irty-?ree1 & ,m>y mu/ h rea*$ !   
age :5 a "m mo/ ( all leans = support on
 a /rong & lov+ son4  ,f> worse1 h[ev]1 
0 ! dea? ,he 0 dy+--! dea? ( a crim9al4 
,_m mo!rs h _h to suff] f ! k9d ( dea?  
_! *ildr5 h di$1 :5 x has be5 9 great   
agony or 9 o!rwise di/ress+             
circum/ances4  ,b :at "m's suff]+s 7 ev]
 equal to ,m>y's8  ,!re ,he hung be=e h]
 eyes2 b %e 0 helpless4 ,8 w\nds bl$1 b 
%e d>$ n /an* !m2 ,8 m\? 0 p>*$1 b %e   
c\ld n moi/5 x4  ,^! out/ret*$ arms us$ 
to clasp h] neck2 %e us$ to fondle ^!   
pi]c$ h&s & feet4  ,ah6 ! nails pi]c$ h]

 z well z ,him2 ! ?orns r\nd ,8 br[ 7 a 
circle ( flame ab\t h] he>t2 ! taunts   
flung at ,him w\nd$ h] likewise4  ,b !re
 0 worse /ill--! sword cut deep]4  ,_h n
 ! angel told h] be=e ,8 bir?1 ,he %all 
be great1 & %all be call$ ! ,son ( !    
,highe/1 & ! ,"l ,god %all give unto    
,him ! ?rone ( ,8 fa!r ,david2 & ,he    
%all reign ov] ! h\se ( ,jacob = ev]2 & 
( ,8 k+dom !re %all be no end8  ,?is    
greatness1 ?is ?rone1 ?is cr[n1 ?is     
k+dom--:]e 7 !y8  ,once %e _h believ$ t 
%e really 0 :at ! angel _h call$ h]--!  
mo/ bless$ ( wom5--:5 %e saw ,him ly+ 9 
h] lap 9 ,8 beautiful infancy1 :5 !     
,%eph]ds & ! ,magi came to adore ,him1 &
 :5 ,simeon & ,anna recognis$ ,him z !  
,messiah4  ,aft] t ensu$ ! long p]iod ( 
,8 obscurity 9 ,naz>e?4  ,he 0 only !   
village c>p5t]2 b %e did n we>y1 = ,he 0
 ) h] 9 _! home2 & %e 0 confid5t t !    
greatness1 ! ?rone1 ! cr[n1 ! k+dom w\ld
 all come 9 good "t4  ,at la/ ,8 h\r    
/ruck2 &1 ca/+ d[n ,8 tools & bidd+ h]  
f>ewell1 ,he w5t =? out ( ! little      

valley into ! great _w4  ,x is all com+ 
n[1 %e said4  ,soon ! news arriv$ ( !   
words ( grace & p[] ,he 0 speak+1 ( !   
multitudes foll[+ ,him1 ( ! nation be+  
r\s$1 & ( ! bl9d1 ! lame1 ! diseas$1 !  
b]eav$ :o bless$ ,him = giv+ joy back to
 _! lives1 & bless$ h] :o _h borne ,him4
 ,x is all com+ to pass1 %e said4  ,b !n
 foll[$ o!r news--( reaction1 (         
opposition1 ( p]secution4  ,h] he>t sank
 )9 h]4 ,%e c\ld n /ay :]e %e 04  ,%e   
left ,naz>e? & w5t away trembl+ to see  
:at _h happ5$4  ,& n[ %e /&s at ! foot (
 ,8 cross4  ,he is dy+2 & ! greatness1 !
 glory1 & ! k+dom h nev] come4  ,:at    
c\ld x mean8  ,_h ! angel be5 a deceiv]1
 & ,god's ^w a lie1 & all ! wond]s ( ,8 
*ildhood a dream8  ,we "k ! explanation 
n[3 ,jesus 0 ab\t to climb a f> l(ti]   
?rone ?an ,m>y _h ev] imag9$1 & ! cross 
0 ! only road to x4  ,be=e _m weeks 7   
ov] ,m>y 0 to und]/& ?is too2 b meantime
 x mu/ h be5 d>k z ,egypt to h]1 & h]   
he>t mu/ h be5 sorr[ful ev5 unto dea?4  
,! sword _h pi]c$ v deep4   ,,ii4  ,!re 

7 o!r wom5 ) ,m>y b5ea? ! cross--two (  
!m ,m>ys1 l h]self4#b  ,z an anci5t     
fa!r#c has said1 ! weak] sex on ?is     
occasion prov$ itself ! /rong]4  ,:5 !  
apo/les _h =sak5 _! ,ma/] & fl$1 ^! wom5
 7 true to ! la/4 ,p]haps1 inde$1 _! sex
 protect$ !m4  ,wom5 c v5ture into "s   
places :]e m5 d>e n g2 & ?is is a tal5t 
:i* _m wom5 h us$ = r5d]+ s]vices to !  
,savi\r :i* m5 c\ld n h p]=m$4  ,b !re 0
 "o !re :o _h n ?is protection1 & :o 9  
v5tur+ s ne> mu/ h tak5 8 life 9 8 h&4  
,/4 ,john1 ,i suppose1 is includ$ ) !   
re/ ( ! apo/les 9 ! sad /atem5t t !y all
 =sook _! ,ma/] & fl$4  ,b1 if s1 8     
panic c only h la/$ a mom5t4  ,he 0     
pres5t at ! v comm5cem5t ( ! trial2 & "h
 he /ill is ) 8 ,ma/] at ! la/--! only  
"o ( all ! ,twelve4  ,p]haps1 inde$1 !  
acqua9tance ) ! high-prie/1 :i* avail$  
him to get into ! palace :]e ! trial    
took place1 may /ill h op]at$ 9 8 fav\r4
  ,b x 0 mo/ ( all 8 great] devotion t  
br\ght him to 8 ,ma/]'s side4  ,he :o _h
 lean$ on ,8 brea/ c\ld n /ay away1     

:atev] might be ! dang]4  ,& he _h 8    
rew>d2 = he 0 p]mitt$ to r5d] a la/     
s]vice to ,jesus amid/ ,8 agony1 & he   
receiv$ f ,him a tok5 ( confid5ce :i* by
 a he>t l 8 mu/ h be5 felt to be an     
unspeakable privilege & hon\r4   ,,iii4 
,x is mo/ ( all1 h[ev]1 ) ! impression  
made by ! situation on ,jesus ,himself t
 we wi% to acqua9t ourselves4  ,he look$
 on ,8 "m2 & x 0 ) an unpreoccupi$ eye1 
t 0 able to dis5gage its att5tion f e   
o!r object by :i* x 0 solicit$4  ,he 0  
suff]+ at ! "t an extremity ( pa9 :i*   
might h made ,him ins5sible to ev]y?+   
beyond ,himself4  ,or1 if ,he _h        
composure en\gh to ?9k1 a dy+ man has _m
 ?+s to reflect ^u )9 8 own m9d4  ,*ri/1
 we "k1 _h a :ole _w ( int]e/s to att5d 
to2 = n[ ,he 0 engag$ 9 a f9al wre/le ) 
! problem to :i* ,8 :ole life _h be5    
devot$4  ,! pray] on behalf ( ,8 enemies
 does n surprise u s mu*1 = x may be    
said to h be5 "p ( ,8 (fice to int]c$e =
 s9n]s2 nor ,8 address to ! p5it5t ?ief1
 = ?is also 0 q 9 h>mony ) ,8 "w z !    

,savi\r4  ,b we d wond] t 9 su* an h\r  
,he _h leisure to att5d to a dome/ic    
detail ( ord9>y life4  ,m5 :o h be5     
engag$ 9 philan?ropic & re=matory s*emes
 h n infrequ5tly be5 unm9dful ( ! claims
 ( _! own families2 & !y h excus$       
!mselves1 or excuse has be5 made = !m1  
on ! gr\nd t ! public int]e/ pr$om9at$  
ov] ! rights ( _! relatives4  ,n[ & !n  
,jesus ,himself spoke z if ,he took ?is 
view3 ,he w\ld n all[ ,8 plans to be    
int]f]$ ) ev5 by ,8 "m4 ,b n[ ,he %[$ t1
 ?\gh ,he c\ld n b refuse h] unju/      
int]f]5ce1 ,he _h nev] = a mom5t =gott5 
h] j claims or h] true int]e/s4  ,9     
spite ( ,8 greatness & 9 spite ( ,8 "w1 
,he /ill rema9$ ,m>y's ,son & bore to h]
 an undy+ affection4  ,! words ,he spoke
 71 inde$1 few2 b !y completely cov]$ ! 
case4  ,e ^w ,he utt]$ 9 t position 0 ) 
great pa92 !re=e ,he c\ld n say mu*4    
,besides1 _! v fewness imp>t$ to !m a   
k9d ( judicial dignity2 z has be5 said1 
?is 0 ,*ri/'s la/ w & te/am5t4  ,to ,8  
"m ,he said1 ,woman1 behold ?y son1 #d  

indicat+ ,/4 ,john ) ,8 eyes2 & to !    
disciple ,he m]ely said1 ,behold ?y "m4 
,x 0 simple1 yet compreh5sive2 a pla91  
almo/ legal direction1 & yet ov]fl[+ )  
love to bo? ,m>y & ,john4  ,x is suppos$
 t ,joseph1 ! husb& ( ! ,virg91 _h di$  
be=e our ,"l's public c>e] began1 & t 9 
,naz>e? ! weight ( ! h\sehold _h fall5  
on ! %\ld]s ( ,jesus4  ,no d\bt1 dur+ ,8
 ye>s ( prea*+1 ,he w\ld t5d]ly c>e = ,8
 "m4  ,b n[ ,he too 0 leav+ h]1 & ! wid[
 w\ld be )\t support4  ,x 0 = ?is ,he _h
 to provide4  ,he _h no money to leave  
h]2 ,8 e>?ly all1 :5 ,he 0 crucifi$1    
consi/$ ( ! clo!s ,he wore2 & ^! fell to
 ! soldi]s4  ,b x is "o ( ! privileges (
 ^? :o1 ?\gh !y may be poor !mselves1   
make _m ri* ) ! gifts ( tru?1 t !y !reby
 w9 fri5ds :o are pr\d & eag] to s]ve !m
 or !irs4  ,9 committ+ ,8 "m to ,/4     
,john ,jesus knew t ! *>ge w\ld be      
accept$ n z a burd5 b a gift4  ,:y %e   
did n g to ! home ( "o ( h] o!r sons x  
is impossible to say4  ,!y 7 n yet      
believ]s1 ?\gh soon aft]w>ds !y became  

s2 b !re may h be5 o!r reasons also1 to 
u unkn[n4  ,at all ev5ts1 x is easy to  
see h[ k9d & consid]ate 0 ! selection ( 
,/4 ,john = ?is (fice4  ,!re are        
indications 9 ! ,gospels t ,/4 ,john 0  
weal?i]1 or at lea/ m com=table 9 8     
circum/ances1 ?an ! re/ ( ! ,apo/les2 & 
?is may h weigh$ ) ,jesus3 ,he w\ld n   
s5d ,8 "m :]e %e w\ld feel h]self to be 
a burd54  ,x is highly probable also t  
,/4 ,john 0 unm>ri$4  ,b !re 7 deep]    
reasons4  ,!re 0 no arm on :i* ,8 "m    
c\ld lean s confid5tly z t ( him :o _h  
lean$ on h] ,son's brea/4  ,/4 ,pet]1 ) 
8 hot temp] & r\gh fi%]man's ways1 w\ld 
n h be5 ne>ly s eligible a *oice4  ,john
 & ,m>y 7 k9dr$ spirits4  ,!y 7         
especially "o 9 _! int5se affection =   
,jesus4  ,!y w\ld nev] tire ( speak+ to 
"o ano!r ab\t ,him4  ,he hon\r$ bo? ( !m
 9 ea* o!r's eyes by giv+ !m to "o ano!r
 9 ?is way4  ,if ,he gave ,m>y a great  
gift 9 giv+ h] ,/4 ,john = a son1 ,he   
gave him no less a gift by giv+ him su* 
a "m2 = ,m>y c\ld n b be an ornam5t to  

any home4 ,besides1 did ,he n make ,/4  
,john 9 a q peculi> s5se ,8 own bro!r by
 sub/itut+ him 9 ,8 own /ead z ! son (  
,m>y8  ,! ,evangeli/ says t f t h\r     
,john took h] to 8 own home4 ,_m h      
und]/ood ?is to mean t he at once g5tly 
)drew h] f ! spot1 t %e %\ld n be       
agitat$ by see+ ! dea?-?roes ( h] ,son1 
?\gh he himself return$ to ,calv>y4  ,x 
is said by tradition t !y liv$ toge!r   
twelve ye>s 9 ,j]usalem1 & t he refus$  
to leave ! city1 ev5 = ! purpose (      
prea*+ ! gospel1 z long z ,m>y surviv$4 
,only aft] h] dea? did he dep>t on ^?   
mission>y travels :i* l&$ him 9 ,ephesus
 & its neighb\rhood1 ) :i* 8 lat] hi/ory
 is connect$4   ,,iv4  ,x is n difficult
 to read ! lesson ( ?is t\*+ sc5e4  ,f !
 pulpit ( ,8 cross ,jesus prea*es to all
 ages a s]mon on ! fif? comm&m5t4  ,!   
he>t ( ! "m ( ,jesus 0 pi]c$ ) a sword  
on acc\nt ( ,8 suff]+s4  ,x 0 a %>p     
weapon2 b ,m>y _h "o ?+ on :i* to /eady 
up h] s\l2 x kept h] calm ev5 9 ! wilde/
 mom5t ( h] grief--%e knew ,he 0        

innoc5t4  ,he _h always be5 pure1 noble 
& good2 %e c\ld be pr\d ( ,him ev5 :5 !y
 7 crucify+ ,him4 ,_m a "m's he>t is    
pi]c$ ) angui% on acc\nt ( a son's      
illness1 or mis=tunes1 or e>ly dea?2 b  
%e c be> x if %e is n pi]c$ ) ! poison$ 
sword4  ,:at is t8  ,x is :5 %e has to  
be a%am$ ( h] *ild--:5 he is br\ght to  
ru9 by 8 own misde$s4  ,?is is a sorr[  
f> worse ?an dea?4  ,h[ beautiful x is  
to see a "m we>+ z h] *ief ornam5t !    
good "n & ! hon\rable success ( a son6  
,y :o /ill h a "m or a fa!r1 let ?is be 
to y bo? a spur to ex]tion & a talisman 
aga9/ temptation4  ,to "s is accord$ !  
r>] privilege ( be+ able to support _!  
p>5ts 9 old age4  ,& surely !re is no   
sweet] memory 9 ! _w ?an ! recollection 
( hav+ be5 all[$ to d ?is4  ,if any wid[
 h *ildr5 or nephews1 let !m le>n fir/  
to %[ piety at home & to requite _!     
p>5ts2 = t is good & acceptable be=e    
,god4 4 4 4  ,b if any provide n = 8    
own1 & specially = ^? ( 8 own h\se1 he  
ha? d5i$ ! fai?1 & is worse ?an an      

infidel4 #e  ,b ?is s]mon1 deliv]$ f !  
pulpit ( ! cross1 has a wid] range4  ,x 
in=ms u t our ,savi\r has a conc]n = our
 temporal z well z = our et]nal int]e/s4
  ,ev5 on ! cross1 :]e ,he 0 expiat+ !  
s9 ( ! _w1 ,he 0 ?9k+ ( ! com=t ( ,8    
wid[$ "m4  ,let ! ne$y & ! des]t$ take  
c\rage f ?is1 & ca/ all _! c>e ^u ,him1 
= ,he c>e? = !m4  ,x is (t5 an a/oni%m5t
 to see h[ wid[s especially are help$   
?r\gh4  ,:5 !y are left1 ) p]haps a     
numb] ( little *ildr51 x seems          
incompreh5sible h[ !y c get on4  ,yet n 
infrequ5tly _! families turn out bett]  
?an ^? :]e ! fa!r has be5 sp>$4 ,"o     
reason is1 p]haps1 t _! *ildr5 feel f ! 
fir/ t !y mu/ take a %>e ( !            
responsibility1 & ?is makes m5 & wom5 ( 
!m4  ,b ! *ief reason und\bt$ly is t    
,god fulfils ,8 own promise to be a     
,fa!r to ! fa!rless & a ,husb& to !     
wid[1 & t !y h n be5 =gott5 by ,him :o 9
 ! h\r ( ,8 absorb+ agony rememb]$ ,m>y4
    #a ,woman1 behold ?y son 4 4 4      
,behold ?y "m4  #b ,x is n c]ta9 :e!r   

,john xix4 #be describes ?ree wom5 or   
f\r4  ,is ! second ,salome1 ,john's "m8 
#c ,*ryso/om4  #d ,woman may mean sadly 
7proleptically71 ,?\ ha/ no son n[4  #e 
#a ,tim4 v4 #f1 #h4     ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 
,,! ,,f\r? ,,^w ,,f ,,! ,,cross#a  ,!   
,sev5 ,words f ! ,cross may be divid$   
into two gr\ps4  ,9 ! fir/ ?ree--namely1
 ! pray] = ,8 crucifi]s1 ! ^w to !      
p5it5t ?ief1 & ! directions ab\t ,8     
"m--our ,"l 0 deal+ ) ! int]e/s ( o!rs2 
9 ! la/ f\r1 to :i* we n[ pass1 ,he 0   
absorb$ 9 ,8 own conc]ns4  ,?is division
 is natural4 ,_m a dy+ man1 aft] arrang+
 8 affairs & say+ 8 f>ewells1 turns 8   
face to ! wall1 to enc\nt] dea? & be    
alone ) ,god4 ,x 0 highly *>act]i/ic (  
,jesus1 h[ev]1 be=e turn+ to ,8 own ?+s1
 fir/ to m9d ! ?+s ( o!rs4  ,betwe5 ^!  
two gr\ps ( say+s !re seems to h elaps$ 
a long int]val4  ,f ! six? h\r to ! n9? 
,jesus 0 sil5t4  ,& dur+ ?is int]val !re
 0 d>kness ov] all ! l&4  ,( :at precise
 nature ?is atmosph]ic effect may h be5 
x is impossible at ?is di/ance to say4  

,b ! ,evangeli/s1 ?ree ( :om m5tion x1  
evid5tly consid] x to h indicat$ 9 "s   
s5se ! sympa?y ( nature ) h] ,"l4  ,x 0 
z if ! sun refus$ to look on su* a de$ (
 %ame4  ,x may be suppos$ t by ?is weird
 ph5om5on ! noises r\nd ! cross 7 9 "s  
degree hu%$4  ,at l5g? ! sil5ce 0 brok5 
by ,*ri/ ,himself1 :o1 9 a l\d voice1   
gave utt]ance to ! ,f\r? ,^w f ! cross4 
,?is 0 a ^w ( a/oni%m5t & agony1 yet    
also ( victory4   ,i4  ,( :at nature _h 
be5 ! m$itations ( our ,"l dur+ ! ?ree  
h\rs ( sil5ce8  ,_h ,he be5 9 an ec/asy 
( communion ) ,8 heav5ly ,fa!r8  ,n     
infrequ5tly has ?is be5 v\*saf$ to dy+  
sa9ts4  ,& x has sometimes enabl$ !m    
completely to ov]come physical suff]+4  
,m>tyrs h occasionally be5 s exalt$ at !
 la/ z to be able ev5 to s+ 9 ! flames4 
,x is ) awe & a/oni%m5t we le>n t ! v   
opposite ( ?is 0 ! /ate ( m9d ( ,jesus4 
,! ^w ) :i* ,he bur/ out ( ! trance (   
sil5ce may be tak5 z ! index ( :at 0 go+
 on 9 ,8 m9d dur+ ! prec$+ h\rs2 & x is 
a cry out ( ! l[e/ dep?s ( despair4     

,inde$1 x is ! mo/ appall+ s\nd t ev]   
pi]c$ ! atmosph]e ( ?is e>?4  ,famili> z
 x is to u1 x _c be he>d by a s5sitive  
e> ev5 at ?is day )\t caus+ a cold %udd]
 ( t]ror4  ,9 ! entire ,bible !re is no 
o!r s5t5ce s difficult to expla94  ,!   
fir/ ?\ght ( a prea*]1 on com+ to x1 is 
to f9d "s excuse = pass+ x by2 &1 aft]  
do+ 8 utmo/ to exp\nd x1 he mu/ /ill    
confess t x is q beyond him4  ,yet !re  
is a great rew>d 9 grappl+ ) su*        
difficult passages2 = nev] does ! tru?  
impress u s pr(\ndly z :5 we are made to
 feel t all ! l5g? :i* we are able to g 
is only into ! %all[s ( ! %ore1 :ile    
beyond our rea* lies ! great ocean4     
,ev5 9 ,*ri/'s own m9d ! upp]mo/ ?\ght1 
:5 ,he utt]$ ?is cry1 0 "o ( a/oni%m5t4 
,9 ,ge?semane1 we are told1 ,he 0 sore  
amaz$4  ,& ?is is obvi\sly ! tone ( ?is 
utt]ance also4  ,we almo/ detect an     
acc5tuation ( ! ,?\ l t 9 ! ^w ) :i* !  
murd]$ ,caes> fell4  ,all ,8 life ,jesus
 _h be5 accu/om$ to f9d ,himself =sak54 
,! memb]s ( ,8 own h\sehold e>ly reject$

 ,him4  ,s did ,8 fell[-t[nsm5 9        
,naz>e?4  ,ultimately ! nation at l>ge  
foll[$ ! same c\rse4  ,! multitudes t at
 "o "t foll[$ ,him :]ev] ,he w5t & hung 
^u ,8 lips ev5tually took (f5ce & w5t   
away4  ,at la/1 9 ! crisis ( ,8 fate1 "o
 ( ,8 ne>e/ foll[]s betray$ ,him & ! re/
 =sook ,him & fl$4 ,b 9 ^!              
disappo9tm5ts1 ?\gh ,he felt !m ke5ly1  
,he _h always _h "o res\rce3 ,he 0      
always able1 :5 reject$ ( m51 to turn   
away f !m & ca/ ,himself ) confid5ce on 
! brea/ ( ,god4 ,disappo9t$ ( human     
love1 ,he drank ! m deeply ( ! love     
div9e4  ,he always knew t :at ,he 0 do+ 
or suff]+ 0 9 accord ) ! w ( ,god2 ,8   
feel+s kept con/ant "t ) ! ,div9e he>t2 
,god's ?\ghts 7 ,8 ?\ghts2 ,he c\ld     
cle>ly disc]n ! div9e int5tion lead+    
?r\gh all ! contradictions ( ,8 c>e] to 
a sublime result4  ,!re=e ,he c\ld      
calmly say1 ev5 at ! ,la/ ,supp]1 )     
ref]5ce to ! imp5d+ des]tion ( !        
,twelve1 ,behold1 ! h\r come?1 yea1 is  
n[ come1 t ye %all be scatt]$1 e man to 

8 own1 & %all leave ,me alone2 & yet ,i 
am n alone1 because ! ,fa!r is ) ,me4   
,n[1 h[ev]1 ! h\r _h come2 & 0 ?is      
expectation fulfill$8  ,!y 7 scatt]$1 z 
,he _h pr$ict$1 & ,he 0 left alone2 b 0 
,he n alone8 0 ! ,fa!r /ill ) ,him8  ,8 
own words supply ! answ]3 ,my ,god1 ,my 
,god1 :y ha/ ,?\ =sak5 ,me8   ,,ii4     
,al?\gh ! /ate ( m9d ( our ,"l on ?is   
occasion 0 s diff]5t f :at we "k to h   
be5 ,8 habitual mood1 yet x does n /&   
absolutely isolat$ 9 ,8 hi/ory4  ,we "k 
( at lea/ two exp]i5ces some:at resembl+
 x1 & ^! may 9 "s degree help u to its  
explanation4  ,! fir/ ov]took ,him on ! 
occasion ( ! visit ( c]ta9 ,greeks at ! 
beg9n+ ( ! la/ week ( ,8 life4 ,!y _h   
desir$ to see ,him2 b1 :5 !y 7 introduc$
 by ,&rew & ,philip1 ,jesus1 in/ead (   
be+ exhil>at$1 z might h be5 expect$1 0 
ov]come ) a spasm ( pa91 & groan$1 ,n[  
is ,my s\l tr\bl$1 & :at %all ,i say8   
,fa!r1 save ,me f ?is h\r4 ,! sight ( ^!
 visitors f ! outside _w made ,him feel 
h[ gr& & h[ cong5ial to ,himself w\ld h 

be5 a worldwide mission to ! hea!n1 su* 
z ,he might h und]tak5 _h ,8 life be5   
prolong$2 b ?is 0 impossible1 because 9 
! fl[] ( ,8 age ,he 0 to die4  ,! o!r   
occasion 0 ! ,agony ( ,ge?semane4  ,a   
c>eful & rev]5t /udy w reveal t ?is     
incid5t 0 ! ef=t by :i* ! w ( ,*ri/ rose
 into unity ) ! w ( ,8 ,fa!r4 ,x belongs
 to ! v ess5ce ( human nature t x mu/   
gr[ f /age to /age2 & ! p]fection ( our 
,"l1 j because x 0 human1 _h to realise 
itself on e /ep ( a ladd] ( developm5t4 
,he 0 always bo? p]fect on ! /age :i*   
,he _h rea*$1 & at ! same "t ris+ to a  
high] /age ( p]fection4  ,sometimes !   
/ep might be m easy1 at o!r times m     
difficult2 ! /ep :i* ,he _h to take 9   
,ge?semane 0 supremely difficult2 h5ce !
 ef=t & ! pa9 :i* x co/4  ,x seem$1     
h[ev]1 9 ,ge?semane z if ,he _h f9ally  
conqu]$1 & x might h be5 expect$ t !    
mood ( weakness & d>kness c\ld n come   
back4  ,yet x 0 to be p]mitt$ to return 
once m2 & on ! cross ! attack 0 f> m    
viol5t & prolong$ ?an on ei!r ( ! prec$+

 occasions4  ,keep+ 9 m9d ! light :i* ^!
 two previ\s accesses ( ! same mood may 
ca/ on ?is "o1 let u draw ne> rev]5tly &
 see h[ f> we may be able to p5etrate   
into ! my/]y4  ,!re c be little d\bt t  
!re 0 a physical elem5t 9 x4  ,he _h n[ 
be5 a consid]able "t on ! cross2 & e    
m9ute ! agony 0 increas+4  ,! w\nds 9 ,8
 h&s & feet1 expos$ to ! atmosph]e & !  
sun1 grew b>k$ & h>d5$2 ! blood1 imp$$ 9
 its circulation1 swell$ 9 he>t & bra91 
till ^! organs 7 l to bur/2 & ! slighte/
 attempt to move ! body f ! "o          
intol]able po/ure caus$ pa9s to %oot    
along ! quiv]+ n]ves4 ,bodily suff]+    
cl\ds ! bra9 & di/orts ! images =m$ on !
 mirror ( ! m9d4  ,ev5 ! face ( ,god1   
reflect$ !re1 may be turn$ to a %ape (  
t]ror by ! fumes ( physical tr\ble4  ,! 
horror ( mortal suff]+ may h be5 great] 
to ,jesus ?an to o!r m51 because ( !    
f95ess & s5sitiv5ess ( ,8 physical      
organization4  ,8 body _h nev] be5      
co>s5$ ) s91 & !re=e dea? 0 utt]ly ali5 
to x4  ,! /ream ( physical life1 :i* is 

"o ( ! preci\s gifts ( ,god1 _h p\r$    
?r\gh ,8 frame 9 abundant & sunny tides4
  ,b n[ x 0 be+ )drawn1 & ! c\nt]fl[ _h 
set 94  ,! unity ( a p]fect nature 0 be+
 viol5tly torn asund]2 & ,he felt       
,himself drift+ away f ! liv+ _w1 :i* to
 ,him _h be5 s full ( ,god's pres5ce &  
goodness1 into ! pale1 cold regions (   
inanity4#b  ,he did n belong to dea?2   
yet ,he 0 fall+ into dea?'s grasp4  ,no 
angel came to rescue ,him2 ,god int]pos$
 ) no miracle to arre/ ! issue2 ,he 0   
ab&on$ to ,8 fate4  ,!re 0 m1 h[ev]1 x  
is easy to see1 9 ! agony :i* prompt$   
?is cry ?an ! m]ely physical4  ,if 9    
,ge?semane we h ! ef=t ( ! w ( ,jesus1 z
 x rais$ itself into unity ) ! w ( !    
,fa!r1 we "h see ! ef=t ( ,8 m9d z1     
amid/ ! confusion & contradictions ( !  
cross1 x f9ally rose into unity ) ! m9d 
( ,god4  ,?is intellectual "* ( ,8 pa9  
is indicat$ by ! ^w ,:y4  ,x is always  
pa9ful :5 ! creature has to say ,:y to !
 ,creator4  ,we believe t ,he is        
,sov]eign ( ! _w & ,guide ( our de/9y1 &

 t ,he urges =w>d ! c\rse ( ?+s 9 ! re9s
 ( inf9ite wisdom & love4  ,b1 :ile ?is 
is ! habitual & heal?y s5se ( ! human   
m9d1 especially :5 x is truly religi\s1 
!re are crises1 bo? 9 ! great & 9 !     
little _w1 :5 fai? fails4  ,! _w is out 
( jo9t2 ev]y?+ appe>s to h gone wrong2 !
 re9s seem to h slipp$ out ( ! h&s (    
,god & ! *>iot to be plung+ =w>d        
uncontroll$2 ! c\rse ( ?+s seems no m to
 be presid$ ov] by reason1 b by a bl9d1 
if n a cruel fate4  ,x is !n t ! poor   
human m9d cries out ,:y4  ,! entire book
 ( ,job is su* a cry4  ,j]emiah cri$ ,:y
 to ,god 9 t]ms ( />tl+ boldness4  ,9   
mortal pa91 9 bewild]+ disappo9tm5ts1 9 
b]eavem5ts :i* empty ! he>t & empty !   
_w1 millions h ?us cri$ ,:y 9 e age4  ,x
 seems an irreligi\s ^w4  ,:5 ,j]emiah  
says1 ,o ,"l1 ,?\ ha/ deceiv$ me & ,i 0 
deceiv$1 or :5 ,job dem&s1 ,:y did ,i n 
f ! womb8 :y did ,i n give up ! gho/ :5 
,i came out ( ! belly8 x s\nds l ! voice
 ( a blasphem]4  ,b inde$ x is into !   
mo/ e>ne/ & delicate s\ls t ?is despair 

is likelie/ to slip4  ,! ignorant1 !    
frivol\s & ! "t-s]v+ are safe f x2 = !y 
are well en\gh satisfi$ ) ?+s z !y are4 
,call\s m9ds le>n to be cont5t )\t      
explanations4  ,b ! m deeply pi\s a m9d 
is1 ! m jeal\s mu/ x be = ju/ice & !    
glory ( ,god2 ! appe>ance ( unwisdom 9 !
 gov]nm5t ( ! _w %ocks x2 to be able to 
trace ! foot/eps ( ,god's c>e is a      
necessity ( its exi/5ce4  ,h5ce its pa9 
:5 ^! evid5ces disappe>4  ,n[1 all !    
contradictions & confusions ( ! _w 7    
focuss$ on ,golgo?a4  ,inju/ice 0       
triumphant2 innoc5ce 0 scorn$ & cru%$2  
ev]y?+ 0 exactly ! rev]se ( :at x ought 
to h be54  ,& all ! millions ( ,:ys :i* 
h ris5 f agoniz$ s\ls1 jeal\s = ! hon\r 
( ,god b p]plex$ by ,8 provid5ce1 7     
conc5trat$ 9 ! ,:y ( ,*ri/4  ,h[ ne> to 
u ,he is6  ,nev] p]haps 9 ,8 :ole life  
did ,he s completely id5tify ,himself ) 
,8 poor bre?r5 ( mank9d4  ,= "h ,he     
comes d[n to /& by our side n only :5 we
 h to enc\nt] pa9 & mis=tune1 b]eavem5t 
& dea?1 b :5 we are endur+ t pa9 :i* is 

beyond all pa9s1 t horror 9 ^: pres5ce !
 bra9 reels1 & fai? & love1 ! eyes (    
life1 are put out--! horror ( a univ]se 
)\t ,god1 a univ]se :i* is "o hide\s1   
tumbl+1 cra%+ mass ( confusion1 ) no    
reason to guide & no love to su/a9 x4   
,c we advance a /ep f>!r into ! my/]y8  
,! deepe/ "q ( all is :e!r ! des]tion ( 
,jesus 0 subjective or objective--t is1 
:e!r ,he _h only1 on acc\nt ( bodily    
weakness & a tempor>y obscuration ( !   
inw>d vision1 a s5se ( be+ ab&on$1 or   
:e!r1 9 any real s5se1 ,god _h actually 
=sak5 ,him4  ,( c\rse we are c]ta9 t    
,god 0 inf9itely well pleas$ )          
,him--nev] m s1 surely1 ?an :5 ,he 0    
sacrific+ ,himself to ! utt]mo/ on      
behalf ( o!rs4  ,b 0 !re1 at ! same "t1 
any outfla%+ aga9/ ,him ( ! rev]se side 
( ! ,div9e nature--! lightn+ ( ! ,div9e 
wra?8  ,calv>y 0 an awful revelation ( !
 human he>t1 ^: enmity 0 direct$ /raight
 aga9/ ! p]fect revelation ( ! love (   
,god 9 ,*ri/4  ,!re ! s9 ( man rea*$ its
 climax & did its wor/4  ,:at 0 done !re

 aga9/ ,*ri/1 & aga9/ ,god 9 ,him1 0 a  
k9d ( embodim5t & qu9tess5ce ( ! s9 ( ! 
:ole _w4  ,& und\bt$ly x 0 ?is :i* 0    
press+ on ,jesus2 ?is 0 ! travail ( ,8  
s\l4 ,he 0 look+ close at s9's utmo/    
hide\sness2 ,he 0 sick5$ ) its contact2 
,he 0 cru%$ ) its brutality--cru%$ to   
dea?4  ,yet ?is human nature 0 ,8 own2  
,he 0 id5tifi$ ) x--bone ( its bone1    
fle% ( its fle%2 &1 z 9 a reprobate     
family an exquisitely delicate & ref9$  
si/] may feel ! :ole weight ( ! debt &  
%ame ( ! h\sehold to lie on h]self1 s   
,he felt ! unwor?9ess & hopelessness ( !
 race z if !y 7 ,8 own2 &1 l ! scapegoat
 on ^: head ! s9s ( ! community 7 laid 9
 ! old disp5sation1 ,he w5t out into !  
l& ( =sak5ness4  ,?us f> we may proce$1 
feel+ t we h solid gr\nd b5ea? our feet4
  ,b _m h v5tur$ f>!r4  ,ev5 ,lu!r &    
,calv9 all[$ !mselves to say t 9 ! h\rs 
:i* prec$$ ?is cry our ,"l endur$ !     
torm5ts ( ! damn$4  ,& ,ramba*1 ^:      
,m$itations on ! ,suff]+s ( ,*ri/ h f$ !
 piety ( ,g]many = a hundr$ ye>s1 says3 

,god 0 n[ deal+ ) ,him n z a lov+ &     
m]ciful fa!r ) 8 *ild1 b z an (f5d$ &   
righte\s judge ) an evildo]4  ,! heav5ly
 ,fa!r n[ reg>ds ,8 ,son z ! greate/    
s9n] to be f\nd b5ea? ! sun1 & dis*>ges 
on ,him ! :ole weight ( ,8 wra?4  ,b1 if
 we 7 to make use ( su* language1 we    
%\ld be v5tur+ beyond our dep?4  ,mu* to
 be pref]r$ is ! mode/ comm5t ( ! holy &
 le>n$ ,b5gel on our text3 ,9 ?is f\r?  
^w f ! cross our ,savi\r n only says t  
,he has be5 deliv]$ up into ! h&s ( m51 
b t ,he has suff]$ at ! h&s ( ,god      
some?+ unutt]able4  ,c]ta9ly !re is "h  
some?+ unutt]able4  ,we h v5tur$ into ! 
my/]y z f> z we are able2 b we "k t we  
are yet only 9 ! %all[s ne> ! %ore2 !   
unplumb$ ocean lies beyond4   ,,iii4  ,x
 may appe> an affectation to speak ( ?is
 z 9 any s5se a cry ( victory4  ,yet1 if
 :at has j be5 said be true1 ?is1 :i* 0 
! extreme mom5t ( suff]+1 0 also !      
supreme mom5t ( a*ievem5t4  ,z ! fl[]1  
by be+ cru%$1 yields up its fragrant    
ess5ce1 s ,he1 by tak+ into ,8 he>t ! s9

 ( ! _w1 br\ght salvation to ! _w4  ,9  
po9t ( fact1 all hi/ory s9ce has %[n t x
 0 9 ?is v h\r t ,*ri/ conqu]$ ! he>t ( 
mank9d4  ,long be=e ,he _h said1 ,i1 if 
,i be lift$ up f ! e>?1 w draw all m5   
unto ,me4 ,& ! correctness ( ?is        
anticipation is matt] ( hi/ory4  ,*ri/  
on ! cross has ev] s9ce !n be5 ! mo/    
fasc9at+ object 9 ! eyes ( mank9d4  ,!  
m9d & he>t ( humanity h be5 irresi/ibly 
attract$ to ,him1 nev] we>y ( /udy+     
,him4  ,& ! utt]ance ( ?is cry is !     
culm9at+ mom5t to :i* ! inquir+ m9d     
specially turns4  ,!ology has its c5tre 
9 ! cross4 ,sometimes1 inde$1 x has be5 
%y ( x1 & has divagat$ f x 9 wide       
circles2 b1 z soon z x becomes pr(\nd & 
humble aga91 x always returns4  ,yes1 :5
 x becomes humble6  ,p5it5t s\ls are    
drawn to ! cross1 & ! deep] _! p5it5ce !
 m are !y at home4  ,!y /& beside ! dy+ 
,savi\r & say1 ,?is is :at we ought to h
 suff]$2 our life 0 =feit$ by our guilt2
 ?us our blood des]v$ to fl[2 we might  
ju/ly h be5 bani%$ =ev] into ! des]t (  

=sak5ness4  ,b1 z !y ?us make           
confession1 _! =feit$ life is giv5 back 
to !m = ,*ri/'s sake1 ! peace ( ,god is 
%$ abroad 9 _! he>ts1 & ! new life (    
love & s]vice beg9s4 ,! supreme ,*ri/ian
 rite br+s u to ?is v spot & to ?is v   
mom5t3 ,?is is ,my blood ( ! ,new       
,te/am5t1 %$ = _m = ! remission ( s9s4  
,x 0 n1 h[ev]1 m]ely 9 ?is pr(\nd s5se t
 ?is f\r? ^w ( ! dy+ ,savi\r 0 a cry (  
victory4  ,x 0 s1 also1 because x       
lib]at$ ,him f ,8 depression4  ,x has   
be5 said t :51 at ,8 enc\nt] ) !        
,greeks1 ,he groan$1 ,fa!r1 save ,me f  
?is h\r1 ,he imm$iately *eck$ ,himself )
 ,fa!r1 glorify ,?y "n2 likewise t 9    
,ge?semane1 :5 ,he pray$1 ,if x be      
possible1 let ?is cup pass f ,me1 ,he   
ha/5$ to add1 ,nev]!less1 n ,my w1 b    
,?9e be done2 b t on ?is occasion ! cry 
( despair 0 foll[$ by no ^w (           
resignation4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is a mi/ake4  
,! cry itself1 ?\gh an utt]ance (       
despair1 yet involv$ ! /ronge/ fai?4    
,see h[ ,he lays hold ( ! ,et]nal ) bo? 

h&s3 ,my ,god1 ,my ,god6  ,x is a pray]3
 a ?\s& times ,he _h turn$ to ?is       
res\rce ,9 days ( trial2 & ,he does s 9 
?is supreme tr\ble4  ,to d s cures      
despair4  ,no "o is =sak5 :o c pray1 ,my
 ,god4  ,z "o 9 deep wat]1 feel+ no     
bottom1 makes a despair+ plunge =w>d &  
l&s on solid gr\nd1 s ,jesus1 9 ! v act 
( utt]+ ,8 despair1 ov]came x4  ,feel+  
=sak5 ( ,god1 ,he ru%$ into ! arms (    
,god2 & ^! arms clos$ r\nd ,him 9 lov+  
protection4  ,accord+ly1 z ! d>kness1   
:i* _h brood$ ov] all ! l&1 disappe>$ at
 ! n9? h\r1 s ,8 m9d em]g$ f eclipse2 &1
 z we %all see1 ,8 la/ words 7 utt]$ 9  
,8 usual mood ( s]5ity4    #a ,my ,god1 
,my ,god1 :y ha/ ,?\ =sak5 ,me8  #b ,"s 
( ! ,fa!rs ?\ght ( ! sep>ation ( ! div9e
 f ! human nature z tak+ place n[4      
,,*apt] ,,xviii4  ,,! ,,fif? ,,^w ,,f   
,,! ,,cross#a  ,! f\r? ^w f ! cross we  
look$ ^u bo? z ! climax ( ! /ruggle :i* 
_h gone on 9 ! m9d ( ! div9e ,suff]]    
dur+ ! ?ree h\rs ( sil5ce & d>kness :i* 
prec$$ its utt]ance & z ! lib]ation ( ,8

 m9d f t /ruggle4  ,?is view seems to be
 confirm$ by ! t]ms 9 :i* ,/4 ,john     
introduces ! ,fif? ,^w--,aft] ?is1      
,jesus1 kn[+ t all ?+s 7 n[             
accompli%$1#b t ! ,scripture might be   
fulfill$1 sai?1 ,i ?ir/4  ,! phrase1 t !
 ,scripture might be fulfill$1 is       
usually connect$ ) ! words1 ,i ?ir/1 z  
if ! mean+ 7 t ,he _h said ?is fif? ^w 9
 fulfilm5t ( "s pr$iction t ,he w\ld d  
s2 & ! ,old ,te/am5t is ransack$1 )\t   
mu* result1 = ! prophetic words :i* may 
be suppos$ to be allud$ to4  ,x is      
bett]1 h[ev]1 to connect ! phrase ) :at 
goes be=e--,jesus1 kn[+ t all ?+s 7 n[  
accompli%$4  ,x 0 only :5 ,8 "w1 appo9t$
 by ,god & prescrib$ 9 ,scripture1 0    
complet$1 t ,he became suffici5tly      
consci\s ( ,8 bodily condition to say1  
,i ?ir/4  ,int5se m5tal preoccupation   
has a t5d5cy to cause ! oblivion (      
bodily wants4  ,ev5 ! excitem5t ( read+ 
a fasc9at+ book may keep at a di/ance = 
h\rs ! s5se ( requir+ sleep or food2 & x
 is only :5 ! read] comes out ( ! trance

 ( absorption t he realises h[ sp5t he  
is4  ,dur+ ! temptation 9 ! wild]ness   
,jesus 0 too absorb$ to be aw>e ( ,8    
bodily necessities2 b1 :5 ! spiritual   
/ra9 0 remov$1 ,he 0 aft]w>d an hung]$4 
,9 ! pres5t in/ance1 :5 ,he came out (  
,8 spiritual trance1 x 0 ?ir/ ,he became
 consci\s (4  ,i rememb] once talk+ ) a 
,g]man /ud5t :o _h s]v$ 9 !             
,franco-,prussian ,w>4  ,he 0 w\nd$ 9 an
 engagem5t ne> ,p>is1 & lay on ! field  
unable to /ir4  ,he did n "k exactly :at
 0 ! nature ( 8 w\nd1 & he ?\ght t he   
might be dy+4  ,! pa9 0 int5se2 ! w\nd$ 
& dy+ 7 groan+ r\nd ab\t him2 ! battle 0
 /ill rag+2 & %ots 7 fall+ & te>+ up !  
gr\nd 9 all directions4  ,b aft] a "t "o
 agony1 he told me1 began to swall[ up  
all ! re/1 & soon made him =get 8 w\nd1 
8 dang] & 8 neighb\rs4  ,x 0 ! agony (  
?ir/4  ,he w\ld h giv5 ! _w = a draught 
( wat]4  ,?is 0 ! supreme di/ress (     
crucifixion4  ,! agonies ( ! horrible   
puni%m5t 7 ( ! mo/ excruciat+ &         
complicat$ ord]2 b1 aft] a "t1 !y all   

ga!r$ into "o c5tral curr5t1 9 :i* !y 7 
lo/ & swall[$ up--t ( dev\r+ ?ir/2 & x 0
 ?is t drew f our ,"l ! fif? ^w4#c   ,i4
  ,?is 0 ! only cry ( physical pa9 utt]$
 by our ,"l on ! cross4  ,z 0 rem>k$ 9 a
 previ\s *apt]1 x 0 n uncommon = !      
victims ( crucifixion1 :5 ! gha/ly      
op]ation ( nail+ !m to ! tree began1 to 
wri! & resi/1 & to indulge ei!r 9 abject
 entreaties to be sav$ f ! inevitable or
 9 wild defiance ( _! fate4  ,b at ?is  
/age ,jesus utt]$ nev] a ^w ( compla9t4 
,aft]w>ds also1 9 spite ( ! ev]-increas+
 pa91 ,he pres]v$ absolute self-control4
  ,he 0 absorb$ ei!r 9 c>+ = o!rs or 9  
pray] to ,god4  ,x is a sublime example 
( pati5ce4  ,x rebukes our s(tness &    
intol]ance ( pa94  ,h[ easily we are    
made to cry out2 h[ peevi% & ill-temp]$ 
we become "u slight annoyances6  ,a     
heada*e1 a too?a*e1 a cold1 or "s o!r   
slight affair1 is suppos$ to be a       
suffici5t ju/ification = los+ all       
self-control & mak+ a :ole h\sehold     
uncom=table4  ,suff]+ does n always     

sanctify4  ,x s\rs "s temp]s & makes !m 
selfi% & exact+4  ,?is is ! besett+ s9 (
 invalids--to become absorb$ 9 _! own   
mis]ies & to make all ab\t !m ! slaves (
 _! caprices4  ,b _m triumph nobly ov]  
_! temptation2 & 9 ?is !y are foll[+ !  
example ( ! suff]+ ,savi\r4  ,!re are   
sick-rooms :i* x is a privilege to      
visit4  ,y may "k t ! place is a sc5e ( 
excruciat+ pa92 b on ! pill[ !re lies a 
sweet1 pati5t face2 ! voice is *e]ful & 
?ankful2 &1 in/ead ( be+ self-absorb$1 !
 m9d is full ( unselfi% ?\ghts = o!rs4  
,i recall ! description giv5 by a fri5d 
( "o su* invalid's *amb]1 :i* us$ to be 
fill$ ) ! mo/ beautiful *e]fulness &    
activity4  ,at a c]ta9 "t ( ye> y might 
see 9 x q an exhibition ( /ock+s1       
p9a=es1 dresses & o!r pretty ?+s1 prep>$
 = ! *ildr5 ( a mission-s*ool 9 ,india4 
,by ?9k+ ( ! ne$s ( ^? *ildr5 f> away ! 
invalid n only kept h] own suff]+s at   
bay1 b creat$ = h]self delightful       
connections ) ,god's "w & ,god's p4     
,yet %e 0 "o :o might easily h ass]t$ ! 

"r to d no?+1 & h tax$ ! pati5ce & !    
s]vices ( ^? by :om %e 0 surr\nd$4  ,b  
!re is ano!r lesson besides pati5ce 9   
?is ^w ( ,*ri/4 ,he only utt]$ "o ^w (  
physical pa92 b ,he did utt] "o4  ,8    
self-control 0 n pr\d or sull54  ,!re is
 a sil5ce 9 suff]+ t is m]e dogg$ness1  
:5 we screw our c\rage to ! /ick+-place 
& resolve t nobody %all he> any compla9t
 f u4  ,we succe$ 9 be+ sil5t1 b x is ) 
a bad grace3 !re is no love or pati5ce 9
 our he>ts1 b only selfi% det]m9ation4  
,?is is especially a temptation :5      
anyone has injur$ u & we d n wi% to let 
him see h[ mu* we h suff]$1 le/ he %\ld 
be gratifi$4  ,jesus 0 surr\nd$ by ^? :o
 _h wantonly wrong$ ,him2 n only _h !y  
inflict$ pa91 b !y _h laugh$ & mock$ at 
,8 suff]+s4  ,he might h resolv$ n on   
any acc\nt to %[ ,8 feel+s or at lea/ to
 ask any k9dness4  ,x is sometimes m    
difficult to ask a fav\r ?an to grant   
"o2 x requires m ( ! _s ( =giv5ess4#d   
,b n only did ,jesus ask a fav\r3 ,he   
expect$ to receive x4  ,%amefully z ,he 

_h be5 treat$ by ^? to :om ,he _h to    
appeal1 ,he believ$ t !re might /ill be 
"s rema9s ( goodness at ! bottom ( _!   
he>ts4  ,all ,8 life ,he _h be5 wont to 
discov] m good 9 ! wor/ ?an o!rs believ$
 to exi/1 & to ! la/ ,he rema9$ true to 
,8 own fai?4  ,! maxim ( ! _w is to take
 all m5 = rogues till ! rev]se has be5  
prov$4  ,especially :5 p h enemies1 !y  
believe ! own v wor/ ( !m & pa9t _!     
*>act]s )\t a s+le /reak ( any col\r b  
black4  ,to ^? f :om we diff] 9 op9ion  
we attribute ! base/ motives & refuse to
 he> any good ( !m4  ,b ?is is n ! way (
 ,*ri/3 ,he believ$ !re 7 "s drops ( !  
milk ( human k9dness ev5 9 ! h>d-he>t$  
,roman soldi]s2 & ,he 0 n disappo9t$4#e 
,,ii4  ,x is impossible to he> ?is      
pa!tic cry1 s expressive ( helplessness 
& dep5d5ce1 )\t recall+ o!r words ( our 
,"l to :i* x /&s 9 m>k$ contra/4  ,c ?is
 be ,he :o1 /&+ 9 ,j]usalem n long be=e1
 surr\nd$ ) a great multitude1 lift$ up 
,8 voice & cri$1 ,if any man ?ir/1 let  
him come unto ,me & dr9k8  ,c x be ,he  

:o1 /&+ at ! well ( ,jacob ) ! ,sam>itan
 woman & po9t+ to ! spr++ f\nta9 at _!  
feet1 said1 ,:osoev] dr9ke? ( ?is wat]  
%all ?ir/ aga92 b :osoev] dr9ke? ( !    
wat] t ,i %all give him %all nev] ?ir/2 
b ! wat] t ,i %all give %all be 9 him a 
well ( wat] spr++ up into ev]la/+ life8 
,c ,he :o 9 words l ^! (f]$ to qu5* !   
?ir/ ( ! _w be ! same :o n[ :isp]s 9    
mortal exhau/ion1 ,i ?ir/8  ,x is !     
same2 & ?is is a contra/ :i* runs ?r\gh 
,8 :ole life1 ! contra/ betwe5 inw>d    
weal? & outw>d pov]ty4  ,he 0 able to   
enri* ! :ole _w1 yet ,he _h to be       
support$ by ! contributions ( ! wom5 :o 
foll[$ ,him2 ,he c\ld say1 ,i am ! bread
 ( life1 yet ,he sometimes hung]$ = a   
meal2 ,he c\ld promise ?rones & _m      
mansions to ^? :o believ$ on ,him1 yet  
,he said ,himself1 ,foxes h holes1 & !  
birds ( ! air h ne/s1 yet ! ,son ( man  
ha? n :]e to lay ,8 head4  ,9 a         
mat]iali/ic age1 :5 9 s _m circles money
 is ! measure ( ! man1 & :5 p are s     
excessively conc]n$ ab\t :at !y %all eat

 & :at !y %all dr9k & :]e)al !y %all be 
clo!d1 x is wor? :ile to be> ?is contra/
 9 m9d4  ,seldom h ! noble/ specim5s (  
humanity be5 ^? :o h be5 able to wall[ 9
 luxury2 & ! m5 :o h enri*$ ! _w ) !    
treasures ( ! m9d h n infrequ5tly be5   
h>dly able to procure daily bread4  ,our
 old] boys may h se5 on "s ( _!         
s*ool-books ! "n ( ,heyne4  ,8 is an    
immortal "n 9 classical s*ol>%ip2 b :5  
he 0 a /ud5t1 & ev5 :5 he 0 enri*+ !    
lit]ature ( 8 c\ntry ) spl5did editions 
( ! anci5t writ]s1 he 0 lit]ally />v+1 &
 _h sometimes to subsi/ on sk9s ( apples
 & o!r (fal pick$ up f ! /reets4  ,our  
own ,samuel ,johnson1 to ^: wisdom !    
:ole globe is n[ a debtor1 :5 engag$ on 
"s ( 8 greate/ works1 _h n %oes 9 :i* to
 g out1 & did n "k :]e 8 d9n] 0 to come 
f4  ,x w\ld be easy f hi/ory to multiply
 in/ances ( ^? :o1 ?\gh poor1 yet h made
 _m ri*4  ,! inf]5ce is n1 t "o mu/ be  
poor ext]nally if "o desires to be      
inw>dly ri*4  ,! mat]ially poor are n   
all spiritually ri* by any means2       

multitudes ( !m1 alas1 are z            
pov]ty-/rick5 9 m9d & "* z 9 physical   
condition4  ,p]haps "o might ev5 g s f> 
z to say t z a rule ! inw>dly ri* enjoy 
at lea/ a compet5t portion ( ! good ?+s 
( ?is life2 = intellig5ce & "* h ev5 a  
m>ket value1 ,money1 too1 c be made     
subs]vi5t to ! highe/ aims ( ! s\l4  ,b 
:at x is ess5tial to rememb] is1 t !    
inw>d is ! true weal?1 & t we mu/ seek &
 obta9 x1 ev51 if necess>y1 at !        
sacrifice ( ! outw>d4  ,if life is n to 
be impov]i%$ & mat]ialis$1 "s 9 e age   
mu/ make ! *oice betwe5 ! inw>d & !     
outw>d weal?2 & no "o is wor?y to be !  
s]vant ( s*ol>%ip1 art or religion :o is
 n prep>$ = ! *oice %\ld x fall to him4 
,x is by ! possession ( intellig5ce1    
g5]osity & spiritual p[] t we ent] into 
! high] ranks ( manhood2 & ! mo/        
,*ri/like trait ( all is to h ! w & !   
ability to ov]fl[ 9 influ5ces &         
activities :i* sweet5 & elevate ! lives 
( o!rs4   ,,iii4  ,x w\ld appe> t "s (  
^? r\nd ! cross 7 oppos$ to grant+ !    

reque/ ( ,jesus4  ,misund]/&+ ! f\r?    
^w1#f !y suppos$ ,he 0 call+ = ,elijah2 
& !y propos$ n to help ,him ev5 ) a dr9k
 ( wat]1 9 ord] to see :e!r or n ,elijah
 w\ld come to ! rescue4  ,b 9 "o man !  
impulse ( humanity 0 too /rong1 & he    
gave ,jesus :at ,he desir$4  ,we almo/  
love ! man = x1 & we envy 8 (fice4  ,b !
 ,savi\r is /ill say+1 ,i ?ir/4  ,h[ &  
:]e8  ,li/56 ,i 0 ?ir/y1 & ye gave ,me  
dr9k4  ,"l1 :5 saw we ,!e a?ir/ & gave  
,!e dr9k8  ,inasmu* z ye did x unto "o (
 ! lea/ ( ^! ,my bre?r51 ye did x unto  
,me4  ,:]ev] ! bro!rs & si/]s ( ,jesus  
are suff]+1 sitt+ 9 lonely rooms & wi%+ 
t somebody w\ld come & visit !m1 or ly+ 
on b$s ( pa9 & ne$+ somebody to come &  
ease ! pill[ or to rea* ! cup to ! dry  
lips1 !re ,*ri/ is say+1 ,i ?ir/4       
,p]haps ,he is say+ x 9 va94  ,!re are  
multitudes ( pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians :o nev] f
 end to end ( ! ye> visit any poor      
p]son4 ,!y nev] ?read ! obscure /reets  
or asc5d ! grimy /airs 9 se>* ( ,god's  
hidd5 ones4  ,!y h nev] acquir$ ! art ( 

*e]+ a d>k home ) a fl[]1 or a hymn1 or 
a diet1 or ! t\* ( a sympa!tic h& & !   
smile ( a heal?y face4  ,x w\ld         
completely alt] ! ,*ri/ianity ( _m if !y
 c\ld beg9 to d ^! l[ly s]vices2 x w\ld 
put reality into x1 & x w\ld br+ into ! 
he>t a joy & exhil>ation hi!rto unkn[n4 
,= ,*ri/ sees to x t none :o ?us s]ve   
,him lose _! rew>d4  ,an ,am]ican fri5d 
told me t once1 :5 travell+ on ! cont95t
 ( ,europe1 he fell 9 ) a               
fell[-c\ntryman on bo>d a ,rh9e /eam]4  
,!y talk$ ab\t ,am]ica & soon confid$ to
 ea* o!r f :i* p>ts ( ! c\ntry !y came1 
) o!r fragm5ts ( p]sonal detail4 ,!y    
cont9u$ to travel = "s days toge!r1 & my
 in=mant 0 s ov]:elm$ ) k9dness by 8    
companion t at la/ he v5tur$ to ask !   
reason4  ,well1 rejo9$ ! o!r1 :5 ! ,w> 0
 go+ on1 ,i 0 s]v+ 9 y\r native /ate2 & 
"o day our m>* lay ?r\gh ! t[n 9 :i* y h
 told me y 7 born4  ,! m>* _h be5 v     
prolong$2 x 0 a day ( int5se heat2 ,i 0 
utt]ly fatigu$ & felt on ! po9t ( dy+ = 
?ir/1 :5 a k9d woman came out ( "o ( !  

h\ses & gave me a glass ( cold wat]4  ,&
 ,i h be5 try+ to repay ?r\gh y1 h]     
fell[-t[nsman1 ! k9dness %e %[$ to me4  
,does x n rem9d u ( ! great ^w ( ! ,son 
( ,god1 ,:osoev] %all give to dr9k unto 
"o ( ^! little ones a cup ( cold wat]   
only 9 ! "n ( a disciple1 v]ily ,i say  
unto y1 he %all 9 no wise lose 8 rew>d8 
,b is ?is n en\gh8  ,does anyone wi% to 
get /ill ne>] to ,*ri/ & hold ! cup n   
only to ,him 9 ! p]son ( ,8 memb]s b to 
,8 own v lips8  ,well1 ?is is possible  
too4  ,jesus /ill says1 ,i ?ir/4  ,he   
?ir/s = love4  ,he ?ir/s = pray]4  ,he  
?ir/s = s]vice4  ,he ?ir/s = hol9ess4   
,:5ev] ! he>t ( a human be+ turns to    
,him ) a g5u9e impulse ( p5it5ce1       
affection or consecration1 ! ,savi\r    
sees ( ! travail ( ,8 s\l & is satisfi$4
    #a ,i ?ir/4  #b tetele/ai--! v ^w ( 
,jesus ,himself--,x is f9i%$-- :i* may  
possibly h be5 f\r?4  #c ,he _h by ?is  
"t be5 on ! cross = f\r h\rs or m4  ,!  
arre/ took place ab\t midnight2 !       
ecclesia/ical trial t]m9at$ ab\t        

sunrise2 ! proce$+s be=e ,pilate occupi$
 p]haps f six to n9e1 or r m2 !         
crucifixion took place t[>ds noon2 f    
noon till ?ree o'clock d>kness prevail$2
 & betwe5 ?is & sunset ! dea? & burial  
took place4  ,see ,matt4 xxvii4 #a2 ,m>k
 xv4 #be1 #cc1 #cd1 #db4  ,/4 ,john's   
/atem5t ( "t1 xix4 #ad1 is a difficulty4
  ,he appe>s to reckon f a diff]5t      
/>t+-po9t4  ,see ,&rews' ,life ( ,our   
,"l 7new edition71 pp4 #ede ff4  ,9 !   
same passage ,/4 ,john says1 ,x 0 !     
prep>ation ( ! passov]2 does ?is mean ! 
day be=e ! fea/ comm5c$1 or ! day be=e !
 ,sabba? ( ,passov] ,week8  ,!re are    
held to be o!r indications t ,/4 ,john  
repres5ts ! crucifixion z hav+ tak5     
place ! day be=e ! ,passov] began1 :]eas
 ! ,synopti/s place x ! day aft]        
7especially ,john xviii4 #bh1 :]e ! "q  
is :e!r ! passov] means ! ,pas*al ,lamb 
or ! ,*agigah1 a portion ( ! fea/       
belong+ to ! second day74  ,on ?is "q   
!re is an ext5sive lit]ature4  ,see     
,&rews1 #deb-ha1 & ,keim1 vol4 vi41 pp4 

#aie-bai4  #d ,to be 9 too great a hurry
 to dis*>ge an obligation is itself a   
k9d ( +ratitude4--,,la ,,ro*ef\cauld4   
#e ,h(fmann says t ,jesus refus$ !      
intoxicat+ draught1 be=e ! crucifixion  
began1 t ,8 s5ses might be kept cle>2 & 
t n[ ,he accept$ ! refre%+ draught = !  
same purpose4  #f ,eli1 ,eli1 etc4      
,,*apt] ,,xix4  ,,! ,,six? ,,^w ,,f ,,! 
,,cross#a  ,l ! ,fif?1 ! ,six? ,^w f !  
,cross is1 9 ! ,greek1 lit]ally a s+le  
^w2 & x has be5 (t5 affirm$ to be !     
greate/ s+le ^w ev] utt]$4  ,x may be   
said to compreh5d 9 itself ! salvation (
 ! _w2 & ?\s&s ( human s\ls1 9 ! agony (
 conviction or 9 ! crisis ( dea?1 h laid
 hold ( x z ! dr[n+ sailor grasps !     
life-buoy4  ,sometimes x has be5        
int]pret$ z m]ely ! la/ sign ( ebb+     
life3 z if ! mean+ 71 ,x is all ov]2 ?is
 long agony ( pa9 & weakness is done at 
la/4  ,b ! dy+ words ( ,jesus 7 n spok5 
9 ?is tone4  ,! ,fif? ,^w1 we are       
expressly told1 0 utt]$ ) a l\d voice2 s
 0 ! ,sev5?2 &1 al?\gh ?is is n         

expressly /at$ ab\t ! ,six?1 !          
likelihood is t1 9 ?is respect1 x       
resembl$ ! o!r two4  ,x 0 n a cry (     
defeat1 b ( victory4  ,bo? ! suff]+ (   
our ,"l & ,8 "w 7 f9i%+ toge!r2 & x is  
natural to suppose t ,he 0 ref]r+ to    
bo?4  ,suff]+ & "w are ! two sides ( e  
life1 ! "o pr$om9at+ 9 "s cases & ! o!r 
9 o!rs4  ,9 ! exp]i5ce ( ,jesus bo? 7   
prom95t3 ,he _h bo? a great "w to       
accompli% & ,he suff]$ greatly 9 !      
process ( a*iev+ x4  ,b n[ bo? h be5    
br\ght to a successful close2 & ?is is  
:at ! ,six? ,^w expresses4  ,x is1      
!re=e1 fir/1 ! ,work]'s ,cry (          
,a*ievem5t2 &1 secondly1 ! ,suff]]'s    
,cry ( ,relief4   ,i4  ,*ri/1 :5 on e>?1
 _h a great "w on h&1 :i* 0 n[ f9i%$4   
,?is dy+ ^w c>ries u back to ! fir/ ^w f
 ,8 lips :i* has be5 pres]v$ to u3 ,wi/ 
ye n t ,i mu/ be ab\t my ,fa!r's        
bus9ess8  ,ev5 at twelve ye>s ( age ,he 
already knew t !re 0 a bus9ess entru/$  
to ,him by ,8 ,fa!r 9 heav51 ab\t :i* ,8
 ?\ghts _h to be occupi$4  ,we _c p]haps

 say t !n already ,he compreh5d$ x 9 its
 :ole ext5t4  ,x 0 to gr[ ^u ,him ) !   
developm5t ( ,8 manhood4  ,9 lonely     
m$itations 9 ! fields & pa/ures (       
,naz>e? x seiz$ & inspir$ ,8 m9d4  ,z   
,he cultivat$ ! life ( pray]1 x became m
 & m ,8 settl$ purpose4  ,! m ,he became
 acqua9t$ ) human nature1 & ) ! "* & !  
ne$s ( ,8 own age1 ! m cle>ly did x rise
 be=e ,him4  ,z ,he he>d & read !       
,scriptures ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ,he saw x
 h9t$ & =e%ad[$ 9 type & symbol1 9 rite 
& in/itution1 9 law & prophets4  ,!re   
,he f\nd ! programme ( ,8 life sket*$   
out be=eh&2 & p]haps "o ( ,8 upp]mo/    
?\ghts1 :5 ,he said1 ,x is f9i%$1 0 t   
all :i* _h be5 =etold ab\t ,him 9 !     
anci5t ,scriptures _h be5 fulfill$4     
,aft] ,8 public life comm5c$1 ! s5se (  
be+ *>g$ ) a task :i* ,he _h to fulfil 0
 "o ( ! ma/]-?\ghts ( ,8 life4  ,x 0    
writt5 on ,8 v face & bodily gait4  ,he 
nev] _h ! easy1 indet]m9ate air ( "o :o 
does n "k :at ,he means to d 9 ! _w4  ,i
 h a baptism1 ,he w\ld say1 to be       

baptiz$ )1 & h[ am ,i /rait5$ till x be 
accompli%$4  ,9 a rapt mom5t1 at ! well 
( ,sy*>1 aft] ,8 int]view ) ! ,sam>itan 
woman1 :5 ,8 disciples pr(f]$ ,him food1
 ,he put x away f ,him1 say+1 ,i h meat 
to eat t ye "k n (1 & ,he add$1 ,my meat
 is to d ! w ( ,him t s5t ,me & to f9i% 
,8 "w4  ,on ,8 la/ j\rney to ,j]usalem1 
z ,he w5t on 9 front ( ,8 disciples1 !y 
7 amaz$ &1 z !y foll[$1 !y 7 afraid4  ,8
 purpose possess$ ,him2 ,he 0 :olly 9 x1
 body1 s\l & _s4  ,he be/[$ on x e scrap
 ( p[] ,he possess$1 & e mom5t ( ,8 "t4 
,look+ back n[ f ! close ( life1 ,he has
 n to regret t any tal5t has be5 ei!r   
abus$ or left unus$4  ,all h be5 husb&$ 
= ! "o purpose & all lavi%$ on ! "w4    
,:at 0 ?is "w ( ,*ri/8  ,9 :at t]ms %all
 we express x8  ,at all ev5ts x 0 a     
great] "w ?an any o!r son ( man has ev] 
attempt$4  ,m5 h attempt$ mu*1 & "s ( !m
 h giv5 !mselves to _! *os5 ent]prises )
 extraord9>y devotion & t5acity4  ,!    
conqu]or has devot$ himself to 8 s*eme (
 subdu+ ! _w2 ! patriot to ! lib]ation (

 8 c\ntry2 ! philosoph] to ! enl>gem5t (
 ! realm ( k2 ! inv5tor has rummag$ )   
tireless indu/ry among ! secrets (      
nature2 & ! discov]] has risk$ 8 life 9 
op5+ up untrodd5 cont95ts & di$ ) 8 face
 to 8 task4  ,b none ev] und]took a task
 wor?y to be comp>$ ) t :i* engross$ !  
m9d ( ,jesus4  ,x 0 a "w = ,god ) m51 & 
x 0 a "w = m5 ) ,god4  ,! ?\ght t x 0 a 
"w = ,god1 ) :i* ,god _h *>g$ ,him1 0   
(t5 9 ,*ri/'s m\?1 & ?is consci\sness 0 
"o ( ! *ief s\rces ( ,8 inspiration4  ,i
 mu/ "w ! "w ( ,him t s5t ,me :ile x is 
day1 ,he w\ld say2 or1 ,!re=e do? my    
,fa!r love ,me1 because ,i d always ^?  
?+s :i* please ,him4  ,&1 at ! close (  
,8 life-"w1 ,he said1 9 words closely   
relat$ to ^? ( our text1 ,i h glorifi$  
,!e on ! e>?1 ,i h f9i%$ ! "w :i* ,?\   
gave/ ,me to d4  ,?is 0 ,8 task1 to     
glorify ,god on ! e>?--to make kn[n !   
,fa!r to ! *ildr5 ( m54  ,b j z obvi\sly
 0 x a "w = m5 ) ,god4  ,?is 0 /amp$ on 
all ,8 words & on ! entire t5or ( ,8    
life4  ,he 0 br++ m5 back to ,god1 & ,he

 _h to remove ! ob/acles :i* /ood 9 !   
way4  ,he _h to roll away ! /one f !    
sepul*re 9 :i* humanity 0 entomb$ & call
 ! dead to come =?4  ,he _h to press ,8 
weight aga9/ ! huge iron gates ( human  
guilt & doom & =ce !m op54  ,he _h done 
s2 &1 z ,he said1 ,x is f9i%$1 ,he 0 at 
! same "t say+ to all mank9d1 ,behold1  
,i h set be=e y an op5 door1 & no man c 
%ut x4  ,! m difficult & prolong$ any   
task is1 ! great] is ! satisfaction (   
f9i%+ x4  ,ev]yone kn[s :at x is1 aft]  
accompli%+ any?+ on :i* a great deal (  
lab\r has be5 be/[$ or ! accompli%m5t ( 
:i* has be5 delay$1 to be able to say1  
,!re2 x is f9i%$ at la/4  ,9 ! m signal 
ef=ts ( human g5ius & en]gy !re is a    
satisfaction ( f9al a*ievem5t :i* w>ms  
ev5 spectators ) sympa?y at ! di/ance ( 
hundr$s ( ye>s4  ,:at mu/ x be to !     
poet1 aft] equipp+ himself by ! lab\rs (
 a lifetime ) ! /ores ( k & ! skill 9 ! 
use ( language requisite = ! composition
 ( a ,div9e ,com$y or a ,p>adise ,lo/1 &
 aft] we>+ himself lean = _m ye>s at 8  

task1 to be able at la/1 :5 ! f9al l9e  
has be5 p5n$1 to write ,f9is at ! bottom
 ( 8 p]=mance8  ,:at mu/ x h be5 to     
,columbus1 aft] he _h worn 8 life out 9 
seek+ ! patronage necess>y = 8 und]tak+ 
& endur$ ! p]ils ( voyag+ 9 /ormy seas &
 among mut9\s m>9]s1 to see at la/ !    
sunlight on ! peak ( ,d>i5 :i* in=m$ him
 t 8 dream 0 true & 8 lifework          
accompli%$8  ,:5 we read h[ ,william    
,wilb]=ce1 ! *ampion ( ,slave           
,emancipation1 he>d on 8 dea?b$1 a few  
h\rs be=e he brea!d 8 la/1 t ! ,briti%  
,legislature _h agre$ to ! exp5diture   
necess>y to secure ! object to :i* he _h
 sacrific$ 8 life1 :at he>t c refuse its
 tribute ( sympa!tic joy1 z x ?9ks ( him
 expir+ ) ! %\ts ( emancipat$ millions 9
 8 e>s8  ,^! are feeble sugge/ions ( !  
triumph ) :i* ,*ri/ saw1 fall5 beh9d    
,him1 ,8 accompli%$ task1 z ,he cri$1 ,x
 is f9i%$4   ,,ii4  ,if ,jesus _h dur+  
life a va/ "w on h& :i* ,he 0 able on ! 
cross to say ,he _h f9i%$1 ,he 0 9 q z  
exceptional a degree a suff]]2 yet on ! 

cross ,he 0 able to say t ,8 suff]+ also
 0 f9i%$4  ,suff]+ is ! rev]se side (   
"w4  ,x is ! %ad[ t accompanies         
a*ievem5t1 z 8 %ad[ foll[s a man4  ,x is
 due to ! resi/ance (f]$ to ! work] by !
 m$ium 9 :i* he toils4  ,! life ( ,jesus
 0 "o ( great suff]+1 because ,he _h to 
d ,8 "w 9 an extremely resi/ant m$ium4  
,8 purpose 0 s b5efic5t1 & ,8 passion = 
! good ( ! _w s obvi\s1 t x might h be5 
expect$ t ,he w\ld meet ) no?+ b        
enc\ragem5t & fur!rance4  ,he 0 s       
religi\s t all ! religi\s =ces might h  
be5 expect$ to second ,8 ef=ts2 ,he 0 s 
patriotic t x w\ld h be5 natural if ,8  
native c\ntry _h welcom$ ,him ) op5     
arms2 ,he 0 s philan?ropic t ,he ought  
to h be5 ! idol ( ! multitude4  ,b at e 
/ep ,he met ) opposition4 ,ev]y?+ t 0   
influ5tial 9 ,8 age & c\ntry turn$ aga9/
 ,him4  ,ob/ruction became m & m p]si/5t
 & cruel1 till at l5g? on ,calv>y x     
rea*$ its climax1 :5 all ! p[]s ( e>? & 
hell 7 comb9$ ) ! "o purpose ( cru%+    
,him & ?ru/+ ,him out ( exi/5ce4  ,& !y 

succe$$4  ,b ! my/]y ( suff]+ is v      
insuffici5tly expla9$ :5 x is def9$ z ! 
reaction ( ! "w on ! work]4  ,:ile a    
man's "w is :at he does ) ! =ce ( 8 w1  
suff]+ is :at is done to him aga9/ 8 w4 
,x may be done by ! w ( oppon5ts &      
enemies4  ,b ?is is nev] ! :ole         
explanation4  ,above ?is w1 :i* may be  
?or\ghly evil1 !re is a w :i* is good & 
means u good by our suff]+4  ,suff]+ is 
! w ( ,god4  ,x is ,8 *ief in/rum5t =   
fa%ion+ ,8 creatures accord+ to ,8 own  
plan4  ,:ile by our "w we ought to be   
seek+ to make a bit ( ! _w su* z ,he    
w\ld h x to be1 by our suff]+ ,he is    
seek+ to make u su* z ,he w\ld h u to   
be4  ,he blocks up our pa?way by x on   
?is side & on t1 9 ord] t we may be kept
 9 ! pa? :i* ,he has appo9t$4 ,he prunes
 our desires & ambitions2 ,he humbles u 
& makes u meek & acquiesc5t4  ,by our "w
 we help to make a well-ord]$ _w1 b by  
our suff]+ ,he makes a sanctifi$ man2 & 
9 ,8 eyes ?is is by f> ! great] triumph4
  ,p]haps ?is is ! mo/ difficult half ( 

life to manage4  ,:ile x is by no means 
easy to accompli% ! "w ( life1 x is h>d]
 /ill to be> suff]+ & to b5efit by x4   
,h y ev] se5 a man to :om nature _h giv5
 great tal5ts & grace great virtues1 s t
 ! possibilities ( 8 life seem$ unb\nd$1
 :ile he _h imag9ation en\gh to         
expatiate ov] !m3 a man :o might h be5 a
 mission>y1 op5+ up d>k c\ntries to     
civilisation & ! gospel2 or a /atesman1 
sway+ a p>liam5t ) 8 eloqu5ce & %ap+ !  
de/9ies ( millions by 8 wisdom2 or a    
?9k]1 wre/l+ ) ! problems ( ! age1 s[+ !
 se$s ( light1 & rais+ = himself an     
imp]i%able monum5t3 b :o 0 laid hold (  
by "s remorseless disease or sudd5ly    
cru%$ by "s accid5t2 s t all at once 8  
s*emes 7 upset & 8 life n>r[$ to petty  
anxieties ab\t 8 heal? & %ifts to avoid 
! evil day1 :i* c\ld n1 h[ev]1 be long  
po/pon$8  ,& did x n seem to y1 z y     
wat*$ him1 to be f> h>d] = him to accept
 ?is de/9y ) a good grace & ) *e]ful    
submission ?an x w\ld h be5 to accompli%
 ! c>e] ( ent]prise & a*ievem5t :i* once

 seem$ to lie be=e him8  ,to d no?+ is  
(t5 m difficult ?an to d ! greate/ ?+s1 
& to submit requires m fai? ?an to      
a*ieve4  ,! life ( ,*ri/ 0 hemm$ & cru%$
 9 on e h&4  ,evil m5 7 ! proximate     
cause ( ?is2 b ,he ackn[l$g$ beh9d !m ! 
w ( ,god4  ,he _h to accept a c>e] (    
%ame in/ead ( glory1 ( brief & limit$   
activity in/ead ( f>-travell+ b5efic5ce1
 ( premature & viol5t dea? in/ead (     
_w-wide & ev]la/+ empire4  ,b ,he nev]  
murmur$2 h[ev] bitt] any sacrifice might
 be on o!r gr\nds1 ,he made x sweet to  
,himself by reflect+ t x 0 ! w ( ,8     
,fa!r4  ,:5 ! wor/ came to ! wor/1 & ,he
 0 =c$ to cry1 ,if x be possible1 let   
?is cup pass f ,me1 ,he 0 swift to add1 
,nev]!less n ,my w1 b ,?9e1 be done4  ,&
 ?us on /ep aft] /ep ( ! ladd] ,8 ?\ghts
 7 br\ght into p]fect accord ) ,8       
,fa!r's1 & ,8 w ) ,8 ,fa!r's w4  ,at la/
 on ! cross ! cup out ( :i* ,he _h drunk
 s (t5 0 put into ,8 h&s = ! la/ "t4  ,!
 draught 0 l>ge1 black & bitt] z nev]   
be=e4  ,b ,he did n fl9*4  ,he drank x  

up4  ,z ,he did s1 ! la/ segm5t ( !     
circle ( ,8 own p]fection complet$      
itself2 &1 :ile1 fl++ ! cup away aft]   
hav+ exhau/$ ! la/ drop1 ,he cri$1 ,x is
 f9i%$1 ! e*o came back f heav5 f ^? :o 
saw ) wond] & adoration ! p]fect r\nd ( 
,8 complet$ "*1 ,x is f9i%$4   ,?\gh ^! 
two sides ( ! life ( ,*ri/ are sep>able 
9 ?\ght1 x is evid5t t !y con/itute     
toge!r b "o life4#b  ,! "w ,he did      
involv$ ! suff]+ :i* ,he bore & l5t to x
 mean+ & dignity4  ,on ! o!r h&1 !      
suff]+ p]fect$ ! ,work] & ?us conf]r$   
greatness on ,8 "w4  ,9 ,8 cr[n+ task ( 
aton+ = ! s9 ( ! _w x 0 z a suff]] t ,he
 accompli%$ ! w ( ,god4  ,& n[ bo? are  
f9i%$2 & h5ce=w>d ! _w has a new        
possession3 x has _h o!r p]fect ?+s2 b  
nev] be=e & nev] s9ce has x _h a p]fect 
life4    #a ,x is f9i%$4  #b ,sometimes 
!y are express$ by say+ t life is bo? a 
,mission & a ,discipl9e4     ,,*apt]    
,,xx4  ,,! ,,sev5? ,,^w ,,f ,,!         
,,cross#a  ,:ile all ! words ( dy+      
p]sons are full ( int]e/1 !re is special

 importance atta*$ to ! la/ ( !m4  ,?is 
is ! ,la/ ,^w ( ,jesus2 & bo? = ?is     
reason & = o!rs x claims p>ticul>       
att5tion4  ,a not$ ,engli%man is record$
 to h said1 :5 on 8 dea?b$1 to a nephew1
 ,come ne> & see h[ a ,*ri/ian c die4   
,:e!r or n t 0 a wise say+1 c]ta9ly to  
le>n h[ to die is "o ( ! mo/            
indisp5sable acquirem5ts ( mortals2 &   
n[h]e c x be le>nt s well z by /udy+ !  
dea? ( ,*ri/4  ,?is ,la/ ,^w especially 
tea*es u h[ to die4  ,x w1 h[ev]1 tea* u
 f> m1 if we h ! wit to le>n3 x conta9s 
n only ! art ( dy+ b also ! art ( liv+4 
,i4  ,! f9al ^w ( ! dy+ ,savi\r 0 a     
pray]4  ,n all ! words f ! cross 7      
pray]s4  ,"o 0 address$ to ! p5it5t     
?ief1 ano!r to ,8 "m & ,8 fav\rite      
disciple1 & a ?ird to ! soldi]s :o 7    
crucify+ ,him2 b pray] 0 di/9ctly !     
language ( ,8 dy+ h\rs4  ,x 0 n by *ance
 t ,8 v la/ ^w 0 a pray]2 = ! curr5ts )9
 ,him 7 all fl[+ ,godw>ds4  ,:ile pray] 
is appropriate = all times & seasons1   
!re are occasions :5 x is s+ul>ly       

appropriate4  ,at ! close ( ! day1 :5 we
 are ab\t to ent] into ! /ate ( sleep1  
:i* is an image ( dea?1 ! mo/ natural ( 
all /ates ( m9d is surely pray]4  ,9    
mom5ts ( mortal p]il1 z on %ipbo>d :5 a 
multitude are sudd5ly confront$ ) dea?1 
an irresi/ible impulse presses m5 to _! 
knees4  ,at ! communion table1 :5 !     
bread & ! w9e are circulat+ 9 sil5ce1 e 
?\ghtful p]son is inevitably occupi$ )  
pray]4  ,b on a dea?-b$ x is m 9 its    
place ?an any:]e else4  ,!n we are p]=ce
 p>t+ ) all t is e>?ly--) relatives &   
fri5ds1 ) bus9ess & prop]ty1 ) ! com=ts 
( home & ! face ( ! e>?4  ,h[ natural to
 lay hold ( :at alone we c keep hold (2 
& ?is is :at pray] does2 = x lays hold (
 ,god4  ,x is s natural to pray !n t    
pray] might be suppos$ to be an         
inv>iable elem5t ( ! la/ sc5es4  ,b x is
 n always4  ,a dea?-b$ )\t ,god is an   
awful sight2 yet x does occur4  ,!      
curr5ts ( ! m9d may be fl[+ s p[]fully  
e>?w>d t ev5 !n !y _c be div]t$4  ,!re  
are ev5 dea?-b$s :]e ! ?\ght ( ,god is a

 t]ror :i* ! dy+ man keeps away2 &      
sometimes 8 fri5ds assi/ him to keep x  
away1 suff]+ none to be se5 & no?+ to be
 said t c\ld call ,god to m9d4  ,natural
 z pray] is1 x is only s to ^? :o h     
le>n$ to pray be=e4  ,x _h long be5 to  
,jesus ! language ( life4  ,he _h pray$ 
)\t ceas+--on ! m\nta9-top & 9 ! busy   
haunts ( m51 by ,himself & 9 company )  
o!rs--& x 0 only ! bias ( ! life ass]t+ 
itself 9 dea? :51 z ,he brea!d ,8 la/1  
,he turn$ to ,god4  ,if1 !n1 we w\ld    
desire our la/ words to be words (      
pray]1 we %\ld comm5ce to pray at once4 
,if ! face ( ,god is to %9e on our      
dea?-b$1 we mu/ n[ acqua9t ourselves )  
,him & be at peace4 ,if1 z we look ^u ! 
dy+ ,*ri/ or on ! dy+ sa9ts1 we say1    
,let me die ! dea? ( ! righte\s1 & let  
my la/ end be l 81 !n we mu/ beg9 n[ to 
live ! life ( ! righte\s & to practise  
its graci\s habits4   ,,ii4  ,! la/ ^w (
 ! dy+ ,savi\r 0 a quotation f          
,scripture4  ,?is 0 n ! fir/ "t our ,"l 
quot$ ,scripture on ! cross3 ,8 great   

cry1 ,my ,god1 ,my ,god1 :y ha/ ,?\     
=sak5 ,me8 0 likewise borr[$ f ! ,old   
,te/am5t1 & x is possible t !re is      
,scriptural allusion 9 o!rs ( ! ,sev5   
,words4  ,if pray] is natural to ! lips 
( ! dy+1 s is ,scripture4  ,= diff]5t   
seasons & = diff]5t uses !re is special 
suitability 9 diff]5t languages &       
lit]atures4  ,lat9 is ! language ( law &
 s*ol>%ip1 ,fr5* ( conv]sation &        
diplomacy1 ,g]man ( philosophy1 ,engli% 
( comm]ce4  ,b 9 ! mo/ sacr$ mom5ts &   
transactions ( life !re is no language l
 t ( ! ,bible4 ,especially is ?is ! case
 9 ev]y?+ connect$ ) dea?4  ,on a       
tomb/one1 = example1 h[ irrelevant1 z a 
rule1 seem all o!r quotations1 b h[     
p]fect is ! fitness ( a v]se f          
,scripture4 ,& on a dea?-b$ !re are no  
words :i* s well become ! dy+ lips4     
,?is is /rik+ly illu/rat$ by ! foll[+   
extract1 gu>ante$ z au!ntic1 f a private
 di>y3--,i rememb]1 :5 ,i 0 a /ud5t1    
visit+ a dy+ man4  ,he _h be5 9 !       
univ]sity ) me1 b a few ye>s ahead2 &1  

at ! close ( a brilliant c>e] 9 college1
 he 0 appo9t$ to a pr(essor%ip (        
philosophy 9 a colonial univ]sity4 ,b1  
aft] a v few ye>s1 he fell into bad     
heal?2 & he came home to ,scotl& to die4
  ,x 0 a summ] ,sunday aft]noon :5 ,i   
call$ to see him1 & x happ5$ t ,i 0 able
 to (f] him a drive4  ,8 great frame 0 )
 difficulty got into ! op5 c>riage2 b !n
 he lay back com=tably & 0 able to enjoy
 ! fre% air4  ,two o!r fri5ds 7 ) him t 
day--college companions1 :o _h come out 
f ! city to visit him4  ,on ! way back  
!y dropp$ into ! re>1 & ,i 0 alone      
beside him1 :5 he began to talk )       
appreciation ( _! fri5d%ip & k9dness4   
',b1' he said1 'd y "k :at !y h be5 do+ 
all day8'  ,i c\ld n guess4  ',well1' he
 said1 '!y h be5 read+ to me ,s>tor     
,res>tus2 & oh6 ,i am awfully tir$ ( x4'
  ,!n1 turn+ on me 8 l>ge eyes1 he began
 to repeat1 ',?is is a fai?ful say+1 &  
wor?y ( all acceptation1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ 
came into ! _w to save s9n]s1 ( :om ,i  
am *ief2' & !n he add$ ) great          

e>ne/ness1 ',!re is no?+ else ( any use 
to me n[4'  ,i _h n op5$ ! subject at   
all3 p]haps ,i 0 afraid to introduce x  
to "o :om ,i felt to be s mu* my        
sup]ior2 b ,i ne$ n say h[ ov]joy$ ,i 0 
to obta9 su* a glimpse into ! v dep?s ( 
a great1 true m9d4  ,s>tor ,res>tus is  
"o ( ! be/ ( books2 !re are few to be s 
he>tily recomm5d$4  ,yet !re are mom5ts 
9 life--& ^? imm$iately be=e dea? are   
among !m--:5 ev5 su* a book may be felt 
to be irrelevant1 &1 inde$1 no book is  
appropriate except ! "o :i* conta9s !   
words ( et]nal life4  ,x is wor? not+ f 
:i* portion ( ! ,old ,te/am5t ,jesus    
fet*$ ! ^w on :i* ,he /ay$ up ,8 s\l 9  
?is supreme mom5t4 ,! quotation is f !  
?irty-fir/ ,psalm4  ,! o!r great ^w     
utt]$ on ! cross to :i* ,i h already    
allud$ 0 also tak5 f "o ( ! ,psalms--!  
tw5ty-second4  ,?is is und\bt$ly ! mo/  
preci\s ( all ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4
  ,x is a book p5n$ z ) ! life-blood (  
its au?ors2 x is ! record ( humanity's  
pr(\nde/ sorr[s & sublime/ ec/asies2 x  

is ! mo/ p]fect expression :i* has ev]  
be5 giv5 to exp]i5ce2 x has be5 !       
vade-mecum ( all ! sa9ts2 & to "k & love
 x is "o ( ! be/ signs ( spirituality4  
,jesus knew :]e to g 9 ! ,bible = !     
language t suit$ ,him2 = ,he _h be5 a   
dilig5t /ud5t ( x all ,8 days4  ,he he>d
 x 9 ! home ( ,8 *ildhood2 ,he li/5$ to 
x 9 ! synagogue2 probably ,he got ! use 
( ! synagogue rolls & hung ov] x 9      
secret4  ,he knew x ?r\gh & ?r\gh4      
,!re=e1 :5 ,he became a prea*]1 ,8      
language 0 saturat$ ) x1 & 9 controv]sy1
 by ! apt use ( x1 ,he c\ld put to %ame 
^? :o 7 its pr(essional /ud5ts4 ,b 9 ,8 
private life likewise ,he employ$ x 9 e 
exig5cy4  ,he f\ght ) x ! enemy 9 !     
wild]ness & ov]came him2 & n[1 9 !      
supreme ne$ ( a dy+ h\r1 x /ood ,him 9  
good /ead4  ,x is to ^? :o1 l ,jesus1 h 
hidd5 ,god's ,^w 9 _! he>ts t x is a    
pres5t help 9 e "t ( ne$2 &1 if we wi%  
to /ay ourselves ^u x 9 dy+1 we ought to
 make x ! man ( our c\nsel 9 liv+4  ,x  
is wor? obs]v+ 9 :at mann] ,jesus made  

?is quotation f ! ,psalt]3 ,he add$     
some?+ at ! beg9n+ & ,he omitt$ some?+  
at ! close4  ,at ! beg9n+ ,he add$1     
,fa!r4  ,?is is n 9 ! psalm4  ,x c\ld n 
h be54  ,9 ! ,old ,te/am5t ! individual 
_h n begun yet to address ,god by ?is   
"n1 ?\gh ,god 0 call$ ! ,fa!r ( ! nation
 z a :ole4  ,! new consci\sness ( ,god  
:i* ,*ri/ introduc$ into ! _w is embodi$
 9 ?is ^w1 &1 by prefix+ x to !         
citation1 ,he gave ! v]se a new col\r+4 
,we may1 !n1 d ?is ) ! ,old ,te/am5t3 we
 may put ,new-,te/am5t mean+ into x4    
,inde$1 9 connection ) ?is v v]se we h a
 /ill m rem>kable illu/ration ( ! same  
treatm5t4  ,/eph51 ! fir/ m>tyr (       
,*ri/ianity1 0 9 _m respects v l 8      
,ma/]1 & 9 8 m>tyrdom closely imitat$   
,him4  ,?us on ! field ( dea? he repeat$
 ,*ri/'s pray] = ,8 enemies--,"l1 lay n 
?is s9 to _! *>ge4  ,also1 he imitat$   
?is f9al ^w1 b he put x 9 a new =m1 ,"l 
,jesus1 receive my _s2 t is1 he address$
 to ,*ri/ ! dy+ pray] :i* ,*ri/ ,himself
 address$ to ! ,fa!r4#b  ,! o!r         

alt]ation :i* ,jesus made 0 ! omission (
 ! words1 = ,?\ ha/ r$eem$ me4  ,x w\ld 
n h be5 fitt+ = ,him to employ !m4  ,b  
we w n omit !m2 & if1 l ,/eph51 we      
address ! pray] to ,*ri/1 h[ mu* ri*] & 
m pa!tic are ! words to u ?an !y 7 ev5  
to him :o fir/ p5n$ !m4   ,,iii4  ,x 0  
ab\t ,8 _s t ! dy+ ,savi\r pray$4  ,dy+ 
p]sons are sometimes mu* tak5 up ) _!   
bodies4  ,_! pa9 & tr\ble may occasion  
?is1 & ! prescriptions ( ! physician may
 require close att5tion4  ,"s display a 
peculi> anxiety ev5 ab\t :at is to happ5
 to ! body aft] ! life has left x1 giv+ 
! m9ute/ in/ructions z to _! own        
obsequies4  ,n infrequ5tly ! m9ds ( !   
dy+ are pa9fully occupi$ ) _! worldly   
affairs3 !y h _! prop]ty to dispose (1 &
 !y are di/ract$ ) anxieties ab\t _!    
families4  ,! example ( ,jesus %[s t x  
is n wrong to be/[ att5tion on ^! ?+s   
ev5 on a dea?b$2 = ,8 fif? ^w1 ,i ?ir/1 
_h ref]5ce to ,8 own bodily necessities2
 &1 :il/ hang+ on ! cross1 ,he made     
provision = ,8 "m's future com=t4  ,b ,8

 supreme conc]n 0 ,8 _s2 to ! int]e/s ( 
:i* ,he devot$ ,8 f9al pray]4  ,:at is !
 _s8  ,x is ! f9e/1 highe/1 sacr$e/ "p (
 our be+4  ,9 mod]n & ord9>y language we
 call x ! s\l1 :5 we speak ( man z      
compos$ ( body & s\l2 b 9 ! language (  
,scripture x is di/+ui%$ ev5 f ! s\l z !
 mo/ l(ty & exquisite "p ( ! inn] man4  
,x is to ! re/ ( our nature :at ! fl[]  
is to ! plant or :at ! pe>l is to !     
%ell4  ,x is t )9 u :i* is specially    
alli$ to ,god & et]nity4  ,x is also1   
h[ev]1 t :i* s9 seeks to corrupt & our  
spiritual enemies seek to de/roy4  ,no  
d\bt ^! are specially active 9 ! article
 ( dea?2 x is _! la/ *ance2 & fa9 w\ld  
!y seize ! _s z x p>ts f ! body &1      
dragg+ x d[n1 rob x ( its de/9y4  ,jesus
 knew t ,he 0 laun*+ out into et]nity2  
&1 pluck+ ,8 _s away f ^! ho/ile h&s :i*
 7 eag] to seize x1 ,he plac$ x 9 ! h&s 
( ,god4  ,!re x 0 safe4  ,/rong & secure
 are ! h&s ( ! ,et]nal4  ,!y are s(t &  
lov+ too4 ,) :at a passion ( t5d]ness   
mu/ !y h receiv$ ! _s ( ,jesus4  ,i h   

cov]$ !e1 said ,god to ,8 s]vant 9 an   
anci5t prophecy1 9 ! %ad[ ( ,my h&2 & n[
 ,jesus1 escap+ f all ! enemies1 visible
 & invisible1 by :om ,he 0 beset1 s\ght 
! fulfilm5t ( ?is prophecy4  ,?is is !  
art ( dy+2 b is x n also ! art ( liv+8  
,! _s ( e son ( ,adam is ?reat5$ by     
dang]s at dea?2 b x is ?reat5$ ) !m also
 9 life4  ,z has be5 said1 x is our fl[]
 & our pe>l2 b ! fl[] may be cru%$ & !  
pe>l may be lo/ long be=e dea? arrives4 
,! fle% lu/e? aga9/ ! _s4  ,s does ! _w4
  ,temptation assails x1 s9 d5ies x4    
,no bett] pray]1 !re=e1 c\ld be (f]$ by 
a liv+ man1 morn+ by morn+1 ?an ?is ( ! 
dy+ ,savi\r4  ,happy is he :o c say1 9  
ref]5ce to 8 _s1 ,i "k :om ,i h believ$1
 & ,i am p]suad$ t ,he is able to keep t
 :i* ,i h committ$ to ,him aga9/ t day4 
,,iv4  ,?is la/ ^w ( ! expir+ ,savi\r   
reveal$ ,8 view ( dea?4  ,! ^w us$ by   
,jesus 9 comm5d+ ,8 _s to ,god implies t
 ,he 0 giv+ x away 9 ! hope ( f9d+ x    
aga94  ,he 0 mak+ a deposit 9 a safe    
place1 to :i*1 aft] ! crisis ( dea? 0   

ov]1 ,he w\ld come & recov] x4  ,su* is 
! =ce ( ! ^w1 z is easily se5 9 !       
quotation j made f ,/4 ,paul1 :]e he    
says t he kn[s t ,god w keep t :i* he   
has committ$ to ,him--us+ ! same ^w z   
,jesus--aga9/ t day4 #c  ,:i* day8      
,obvi\sly "s po9t 9 ! future :5 he c\ld 
appe> & claim f ,god t :i* he _h entru/$
 to ,him4  ,su* a date 0 also 9 ,*ri/'s 
eye :5 ,he said1 ,fa!r1 into ,?y h&s ,i 
comm5d my _s4  ,dea? is a disruption ( !
 p>ts ( :i* human nature is compos$4    
,"o "p--! _s--0 go+ away to ,god2 ano!r 
0 9 ! h&s ( m51 :o 7 wreak+ on x _!     
wick$ w2 & x 0 on its way to ! h\se     
appo9t$ = all liv+4  ,b ,jesus 0 look+  
=w>d to a reunion ( ! sep>at$ p>ts1 :5  
!y w\ld aga9 f9d ea* o!r1 & ! integrity 
( ! p]sonal life be re/or$4  ,! mo/     
mom5t\s "q :i* ! dy+ c ask1 or :i* !    
liv+ c ask 9 ! prospect ( dea?1 is1 ,if 
a man die1 %all he live aga98 does he   
all die8 & does he die =ev]8  ,!re is a 
t]rible d\bt 9 ! human he>t t x may be  
s2 & !re h nev] be5 want+ tea*]s :o h   

turn$ ?is d\bt into a dogma4 ,!y hold t 
m9d is only a =m or a function ( matt]1 
& t1 !re=e1 9 ! dissolution ( ! bodily  
mat]ials1 man dissolves & mixes ) !     
mat]ial univ]se4  ,o!rs1 :ile hold+ fa/ 
! di/9ction betwe5 m9d & matt]1 h taught
 t1 z ! body returns to ! du/1 ! m9d    
returns to ! ocean ( be+1 9 :i* its     
p]sonality is lo/1 z ! drop is 9 ! sea1 
& !re c be no reunion4  ,!re is1 h[ev]1 
some?+ high & sacr$ )9 u t rebels aga9/ 
^! doctr9es2 & ! be/ tea*]s ( ! race h  
enc\rag$ u to hope = some?+ bett]4      
,/ill1 _! assurances h be5 hesitat+ & _!
 own fai? obscure4  ,x is to ,*ri/ we h 
to g3 ,he has ! words ( et]nal life4    
,he spoke on ?is subject )\t hesitation 
or obscurity2 & ,8 dy+ ^w proves t ,he  
believ$ = ,himself :at ,he taught to    
o!rs4  ,n only1 h[ev]1 has ,he by ,8    
tea*+ br\ght life & immortality to      
light3 ,he is ,himself ! gu>antee ( !   
doctr9e2 = ,he is our immortal life4    
,because we are unit$ to ,him we "k we c
 nev] p]i%2 no?+1 n ev5 dea?1 c sep>ate 

u f ,8 love2 ,because ,i live1 ,he has  
said1 ye %all live also4  ,x may be t 9 
a v lit]al s5se we h 9 ! /udy ( ?is     
s5t5ce be5 le>n+ ! art ( dy+3 ^! may be 
our own dy+ words4  ,!y h be5 ! dy+     
words ( _m4  ,:5 ,john ,huss 0 be+ l$ to
 execution1 !re 0 /uck on 8 head a pap] 
cap1 scrawl$ ov] ) pictures ( devils1 to
 :om ! wret*$ prie/s by :om he 0        
surr\nd$ consign$ 8 s\l2 b aga9 & aga9  
he cri$1 ,fa!r1 into ,?y h&s ,i comm5d  
my _s4  ,^! 7 also ! la/ words (        
,polyc>p1 ( ,j]ome ( ,prague1 ( ,lu!r1 (
 ,melan*?on1 & ( _m o!rs4  ,:o c\ld wi% 
8 _s to be c>ri$ away to ,god 9 a m     
glori\s vehicle8  ,b1 :e!r or n we may  
use ?is pray] 9 dea?1 let u dilig5tly   
make use ( x 9 life4 ,close n ! book )\t
 brea?+1 ,fa!r1 into ,?y h&s ,i comm5d  
my _s4    #a ,fa!r1 into ,?y h&s ,i     
comm5d ,my _s4  #b ,! fir/ bus9ess ( !  
int]pret] ( ,scripture is to f9d out    
precisely :at e v]se or p>agraph meant  
at ! "t & place :]e x 0 writt52 & !re is
 endless pr(it 9 ! exact det]m9ation (  

?is orig9al application4  ,b1 :il/ !    
int]pret]'s task beg9s1 x does n end )  
?is4  ,! ,bible is a book = e g5]ation2 
& ! d$uction ( ! message :i* x is int5d$
 to convey to ! pres5t day is z truly ! 
task ( ! int]pret]4  ,!re is a species (
 exegesis1 sometimes arrogat+ to itself 
! sole title to be consid]$ sci5tific1  
by :i* ! g>d5 ( ,scripture is transmut$ 
into an h]b>ium ( )]$ specim5s4  #c     
,*ri/'s ^w is p>ati!mai1 & ,/4 ,paul's1 
#b ,tim4 i4 #ab1 t5 p>a!k5 m\1 accord+  
to ! be/ read+4     ,,*apt] ,,xxi4  ,,! 
,,signs  ,!re are indications t to "s ( 
^? :o took "p 9 ! crucifixion ( ,*ri/ ,8
 dea? pres5t$ h>dly any?+ to di/+ui% x f
 an ord9>y execution2 & !re 7 o!rs :o 7 
anxi\s to believe t x _h no features :i*
 7 extraord9>y4  ,b ,god did n leave ,8 
,son altoge!r )\t witness4  ,! end ( !  
,savi\r's suff]+s 0 accompani$ by c]ta9 
signs1 :i* %[$ ! int]e/ excit$ by !m 9 !
 _w unse54   ,i4  ,! fir/ sign 0 ! r5d+ 
( ! veil ( ! temple4  ,?is 0 a heavy    
curta9 cov]+ ! entrance to ! ,holy      

,place or ! entrance to ! ,holy (       
,holies--mo/ probably ! latt]4  ,bo?    
entrances 7 ?us protect$1 & ,josephus   
gives ! foll[+ description ( "o ( !     
curta9s1 :i* w probably convey a fair   
idea ( ei!r2 five ells high & sixte5    
broad1 ( ,babylonian texture1 &         
wond]fully /it*$ ( blue1 :ite1 sc>let & 
purple--repres5t+ ! univ]se 9 its f\r   
elem5ts--sc>let /&+ = fire & blue = air 
by _! col\rs1 & ! :ite l95 = e>? & !    
purple = sea on acc\nt ( _! d]ivation1 !
 "o1 f ! flax ( ! e>? & ! o!r f !       
%ellfi% ( ! sea4  ,! fact t ! r5t       
proce$$ f top to bottom 0 consid]$ to   
indicate t x 0 made by ! f+] ( ,god2 b  
:e!r any physical means may h be5       
employ$ we _c tell4  ,"s h ?\ght ( !    
e>?quake1 :i* took place at ! same      
mom5t1 z be+ connect$ ) x ?r\gh ! loos5+
 ( a beam or "s simil> accid5t4#a  ,at  
critical mom5ts 9 hi/ory1 :5 ! m9ds ( m5
 are *>g$ ) excitem5t1 ev5 slight       
accid5ts may assume rem>kable           
significance4#b  ,su* incid5ts occur at 

turn+-po9ts ( ! life ev5 (              
individuals4#c  ,!y d]ive _!            
significance f ! emotion ) :i* ! m9ds ( 
obs]v]s happ5 at ! "t to be fill$4  ,no 
d\bt ! r5d+ ( ! temple veil might appe> 
to "s a pure accid5t1 :ile 9 ! m9ds (   
o!rs x cry/allis$ a hundr$ surg+ ?\ghts4
  ,b we mu/ ascribe to x a high] dignity
 & a div9e int5tion4  ,l ! pill> ( cl\d 
& fire 9 ! wild]ness1 x _h a d\ble      
face--"o ( judgm5t & ano!r ( m]cy4  ,x  
betok5$ ! desecration ( ! %r9e & !      
exodus ( ! ,deity f ! temple ^: day (   
opportunity & usefulness 0 ov]4  ,& x is
 curi\s to note h[ at ! "t n only !     
,*ri/ian b ev5 ! ,jewi% m9d 0 big ) ?is 
?\ght4  ,!re is a ,jewi% leg5d 9        
,josephus1 :i* is ref]r$ to also by !   
,roman hi/orian ,tacitus1 t at !        
,passov] "s ye>s aft] ?is ! ea/ door ( !
 inn] c\rt ( ! temple1 :i* 0 s heavy t  
tw5ty m5 7 requir$ to close x1 & 01     
besides1 at ! mom5t /rongly lock$ &     
b>r$1 sudd5ly at midnight flew op52 &1 !
 foll[+ ,p5teco/1 ! prie/s ^: duty x 0  

to gu>d ! c\rt by night1 he>d fir/ a    
ru%+ noise z ( hurry+ feet & !n a l\d   
cry1 z ( _m voices1 say+1 ,let u dep>t f
 h5ce4  ,nor 0 x only 9 ,pale/9e t 9 t  
age ! air 0 *>g$ ) ! impression t a     
turn+-po9t 9 hi/ory _h be5 rea*$1 & t ! 
anci5t _w 0 pass+ away4  ,plut>*#d he>d 
a s+ul> /ory ( "o ,epi!rses f !         
rhetorician ,aemilianus1 :o _h x f !    
man's fa!r4  ,on a c]ta9 occasion ?is   
,epi!rses happ5$ to be a pass5g] on bo>d
 a %ip :i* got becalm$ among ! ,e*9ades4
  ,z x /ood ne> "o ( ! isl&s1 sudd5ly   
!re came f ! %ore a voice1 l\d & cle>1  
call+ ,?amus1 ! pilot1 an ,egyptian1 by 
8 "n4  ,twice he kept sil5ce2 b1 :5 !   
call came ! ?ird "t1 he repli$2 :]eupon 
! voice cri$ /ill l\d]1 ,:5 y come to ! 
,paludes1 proclaim t ! great ,pan is    
dead4 ,pan be+ ! god ( nature 9 t anci5t
 _w1 all :o he>d 7 t]rifi$1 & !y debat$ 
:e!r or n !y %\ld obey ! comm&4  ,at la/
 x 0 agre$ t if1 :5 !y came to !        
,paludes1 x 0 w9dy1 !y 7 n to obey1 b1  
if calm1 !y w\ld4  ,x turn$ out to be   

calm2 &1 accord+ly1 ! pilot1 /&+ on !   
pr[ ( ! vessel1 %\t$ out ! words2       
:]eupon ! air 0 fill$1 n ) an e*o1 b !  
l\d groan+ ( a great multitude m+l$ )   
surprise4#e  ,! pilot 0 call$ be=e !    
,emp]or ,tib]ius1 :o /rictly enquir$    
into ! tru? ( ! incid5t4  ,su* 0 ! mean+
 ( ! r5d+ ( ! veil on its d>k side3 x   
d5ot$ t ! reign ( ! gods 0 ov] & t      
,j]usalem 0 no long] to be ! place :]e  
m5 ought to wor%ip4  ,b x _h at ! same  
"t a bright side2 & ?is 0 ! side = !    
sake ( :i* ! incid5t 0 treasur$ by !    
fri5ds ( ,jesus4  ,x meant1 z ,/4 ,paul 
says1 t ! wall betwe5 ,jew & ,g5tile _h 
be5 brok5 d[n4 ,x meant1 z is set =? 9 !
 noble argum5t ( ! ,epi/le to !         
,hebrews1 t ! sy/em ( c]emonies &       
int]m$i>ies by :i* "u ! ,old ,te/am5t ! 
wor%ipp] might approa* ,god & yet 0 kept
 at a di/ance f ,him _h be5 swept away4 
,! he>t ( ,god is n[ fully reveal$1 & x 
is a he>t ( love2 &1 at ! same "t1 !    
he>t ( man1 lib]at$ by ! sacrifice (    
,*ri/ f ! consci5ce ( s91 z x c\ld nev] 

be by ! (f]+ ( bulls & goats1 c joyfully
 v5ture into ! div9e pres5ce & g out & 9
 ) ! fre$om ( a *ild4  ,hav+ !re=e1     
bre?r51 boldness to ent] into ! holie/  
by ! blood ( ,jesus1 by a new & liv+    
way1 :i* ,he ha? consecrat$ = u1 ?r\gh !
 veil--t is to say1 ,8 fle%--& hav+ a   
,high ,prie/ ov] ! h\se ( ,god1 let u   
draw ne> ) a true he>t 9 full assurance 
( fai?4 #f   ,,ii4  ,! second sign 0 !  
resurrection ( c]ta9 ( ! dead--,! graves
 7 op5$1 & _m bodies ( ! sa9ts :i* slept
 arose & came out ( ! graves aft] ,8    
resurrection1 & w5t into ! holy city &  
appe>$ unto _m4  ,:e!r or n ! r5d+ ( !  
veil 9 ! temple 0 connect$ ) ! e>?quake1
 !re is no d\bt t ?is second sign 04  ,!
 graves 9 ,pale/9e 7 caves 9 ! rocks1 ! 
m\?s ( :i* 7 clos$ ) great /ones4  ,"s (
 ^! /ones 7 %ak5 f _! places by !       
e>?quake2 & ! bodies !mselves1 :i* lay  
on %elves or /ood upright 9 ni*es1 may h
 be5 di/urb$4  ,b 9 "s ( !m a great]    
di/urbance occurr$3 besides ! ext]nal   
%ak+ !re took place )9 !m a motion ( !  

life-giv+ brea? ( ,god4  ,9 ! m9ds ( _m 
dev\t s*ol>s ?is miracle has excit$     
suspicion on sev]al acc\nts4  ,!y say x 
is contr>y to ! tea*+ ( ,scripture      
else:]e1 accord+ to :i* ,*ri/ 0 !       
fir/fruits ( !m t slept4  ,if ^! dead   
bodies 7 reanimat$ at ! mom5t ( ?is     
e>?quake1 !y1 & n ,he1 7 ! fir/fruits4  
,to ?is x is answ]$ t ,/4 ,mat!w is     
c>eful to note t !y came out ( _! graves
 aft] ,8 resurrection2 s t ,/4 ,mat!w   
/ill agrees ) ,/4 ,paul 9 mak+ ,*ri/ !  
fir/ to rise4  ,b1 !n1 x is ask$1 9 :at 
condition 7 !y betwe5 _! reanimation &  
_! resurrection8  ,! ,evangeli/ appe>s  
to /ate t !y rose f dea? to life at !   
mom5t ( ! e>?quake1 b did n em]ge f !   
tomb till ! ?ird day aft]w>ds1 :5 ,*ri/ 
_h ris54  ,is ?is cr$ible8 or is x an   
apocryphal m>vel1 :i* has be5 int]polat$
 9 ! text ( ,/4 ,mat!w8  ,! o!r         
,evangeli/s1 :ile1 along ) ,/4 ,mat!w1  
n>rat+ ! r5d+ ( ! veil1 d n t\* on ?is  
incid5t at all4  ,! :ole repres5tation1 
x is argu$1 lacks ! sobriety :i* is     

*>act]i/ic ( ! au!ntic miracles ( !     
,gospels & broadly sep>ates !m f !      
ecclesia/ical miracles1 ab\t :i* !re is 
g5]ally an air ( triviality &           
grotesqu5ess4  ,on ! o!r h&1 !re is no  
indication 9 ! olde/ & be/ manuscripts (
 ,/4 ,mat!w t ?is is an int]polation2 & 
_m ( ! acute/ m9ds h felt ?is trait to  
be ?or\ghly congru\s & suitable to its  
place4  ,if1 !y cont5d1 ,he :o _h j di$ 
on ,calv>y 0 :at ,he gave ,himself out &
 we believe ,him to be1 ,8 dea? mu/ h   
excit$ ! pr(\nde/ commotion 9 ! k+doms (
 ! dead4  ,! _w ( liv+ m5 & wom5 0      
ins5sible to ! "* ( ! ev5t :i* 0 tak+   
place be=e its eyes2 b ! _w unse5 0     
agitat$ z x nev] _h be5 be=e & nev] 0 to
 be aga94  ,x 0 n unnatural1 b ! rev]se1
 t "s ( ! dead1 9 _! excitem5t &        
eag]ness1 %\ld ev5 press back ov] !     
b\nd>ies ( ! o!r _w1 9 ord] to be 9 ! _w
 :]e ,*ri/ 04  ,! "q :]e !y 7 or :at !y 
7 do+ betwe5 _! reanimation &           
resurrection is a triviality n wor?     
consid]+4  ,at all ev5ts1 !y rose aft]  

_! ,"l2 & 0 x n appropriate t :51 aft] !
 =ty days1 ,he asc5d$ to heav51 !re to  
be receiv$ by rejoic+ angels &          
ar*angels1 ,he %\ld n only appe> 9 !    
fle%1 b be accompani$ by specim5s ( :at 
,8 resurrection p[] 0 ultimately to d = 
all believ]s8  ,if x be ask$ :o ! fav\r$
 sa9ts 7 to :om ?is bless$ priority 0   
v\*saf$1 we _c tell4  ,! du/1 h[ev]1 0 n
 f> away ( _m :om ! ,"l might delight to
 hon\r--patri>*s1 l ,abraham2 k+s1 l    
,david2 prophets1 l ,isaiah4  ,b ! true 
significance ( ?is sign is n dep5d5t on 
su* speculations4  ,ev5 if x %\ld ev] be
 discov]$1 z x is n 9 ! lea/ likely to  
be1 t ?is /ory 0 int]polat$ 9 ,/4       
,mat!w1 & we %\ld be driv5 to !         
conclusion t x 0 inv5t$ by ! excit$     
fancy ( ! primitive ,*ri/ians1 ev5 !n we
 %\ld h to ask :at caus$ !m to inv5t x4 
,& ! only possible answ] w\ld be1 t x 0 
! =ce ( ! conviction burn+ )9 !m t by ,8
 dea? & resurrection ,*ri/ _h op5$ !    
gates ( dea? to all ! sa9ts4  ,?is 0 !  
glori\s fai? :i* 0 begott5 by !         

exp]i5ces ( ^? nev]-to-be-=gott5 days1  
:e!r ! sight ( ^! resurrect$ sa9ts play$
 any "p or n 9 matur+ x2 & x is n[ !    
fai? ( ! ,*ur* & ! fai? ( mank9d4  ,?is 
may well be call$ ! r5d+ ( ano!r veil4  
,if 9 ! anci5t _w !re 0 a veil on ! face
 ( ,god1 !re 0 a veil likewise on ! face
 ( et]nity4#g  ,! home ( ! s\l 0 hidd5 f
 ! *ildr5 ( m54  ,!y vaguely surmis$ x1 
inde$2 !y c\ld nev] believe t !y 7 :olly
 du/4  ,b1 ap>t f ,*ri/1 ! speculations 
ev5 ( ! wise/ z to ! o!r _w are h>dly m 
correct or c]ta9 ?an might be !         
speculations ( infants 9 ! womb z to !  
condition ( ?is _w4#h  ,*ri/1 on !      
contr>y1 always spoke ( ! _w invisible )
 ! fre$om & confid5ce ( "o to :om x 0   
native & well kn[n2 & ,8 resurrection & 
asc5sion af=d ! mo/ au!ntic glimpses    
into ! realm ( immortality :i* ! _w has 
ev] receiv$4  ,9 ?is sign1 inde$1 x is )
 ! dea? & n ) ! resurrection t ?is      
au!ntication is connect$4  ,b !         
resurrection ( ,*ri/ is alli$ 9 ! mo/   
intimate mann] ) ,8 dea?4  ,x 0 ! public

 recognition ( ,8 righte\sness4  ,s9ce1 
h[ev]1 ,he di$ n = ,himself alone1 b z a
 public p]son1 ,8 my/ical body has !    
same "r to resurrection1 & 9 due "t x w 
be made manife/ t1 ,he hav+ dis*>g$ e   
claim on _! behalf1 dea? has n[ no "r to
 deta9 !m4   ,,iii4  ,! fir/ sign 0 9 ! 
physical _w2 ! second 0 9 ! und]world ( 
! dead2 b ! ?ird 0 9 ! common _w ( liv+ 
m54  ,?is 0 ! ackn[l$gm5t ( ,*ri/ by !  
c5turion :o sup]9t5d$ ,8 crucifixion4   
,:e!r1 l ! prec$+ signs1 ?is ?ird "o is 
to be connect$ ) ! e>?quake is a "q4    
,probably ! answ] ought to be 9 !       
affirmative4  ,! s5sation produc$ by an 
e>?quake is l no?+ else 9 nature2 & its 
fir/ effect on an unsophi/icat$ m9d is  
to create ! s5se t ,god is ne>4         
,probably1 !re=e1 ! e>?quake 0 felt by !
 c5turion to be ! div9e ,am5 to ! ?\ghts
 :i* _h be5 ris+ 9 8 m9d1 & x gave !m a 
spe$y & complete deliv]y 9 8 confession4
  ,?is confession 01 h[ev]1 ! result ( 8
 obs]vation ( ,jesus ?r\gh\t ,8 :ole    
trial & ! subsequ5t proce$+s2 & x is an 

eloqu5t tribute to our ,"l's behavi\r4  
,! c5turion may h be5 at ! side ( ,jesus
 f ! arre/ to ! end4  ,?r\gh ^?         
unp>allel$ h\rs he _h obs]v$ ! rage &   
inju/ice ( ,8 enemies2 & he _h m>k$ h[  
pati5t1 unretaliat+1 g5tle & magnanim\s 
,he _h be54  ,he _h he>d ,him pray+ = ,8
 crucifi]s1 com=t+ ! ?ief on ! cross1   
provid+ = ,8 "m1 commun+ ) ,god4  ,m & m
 8 int]e/ 0 excit$ & 8 he>t /irr$1 till 
at la/ he 0 /&+ opposite ! cross1#i     
dr9k+ 9 e syllable & dev\r+ e movem5t2  
&1 :5 ! f9al pray] 0 utt]$ & ! e>?quake 
answ]$ x1 8 ris+ conviction brimm$ ov] &
 he c\ld n )hold 8 te/imony4  ,/4 ,luke 
makes him say only1 ,?is 0 a righte\s   
man1 :ile ! o!rs report1 ,?is 0 ! ,son (
 ,god4  ,b ,/4 ,luke's may include !irs2
 because1 if ! c5turion meant to /ate t 
! claims ( ,jesus 7 j1 :at 7 ,8 claims8 
,at ,pilate's judgm5t-seat he _h he>d x 
/at$ t ,jesus claim$ to be ! ,son (     
,god1 & p]haps he _h he>d ,him make ?is 
claim ,himself 9 reply to ,pilate's "q4 
,?is "n1 along ) o!rs l x1 _h be5 hurl$ 

at ,jesus1 9 8 he>+1 by ^? /&+ r\nd !   
cross4  ,b :at did he mean :5 he made   
?is ackn[l$gm5t8  ,x has be5 held t all 
:i* he1 a hea!n1 c\ld imply 0 t ,jesus 0
 a son ( ,god 9 ! s5se 9 :i* ! ,greeks &
 ,romans believ$ ,h]cules1 ,ca/or & o!r 
h]oes to be sons ( _! deities4  ,?is may
 be ne> ! tru?2 b 8 s\l 0 mov$1 8 m9d 0 
op5$2 &1 once 9 ! way1 he c\ld easily   
proce$ fur!r 9 ! k ( ,*ri/4 ,tradition  
says t 8 "n 0 ,long9us1 & t he became   
bi%op ( ,cappadocia & ultimately di$ a  
m>tyr4  ,h we n "h ! r5d+ ( a ?ird veil8
  ,!re is a veil on ! face ( ,god :i*   
requires to be remov$2 & !re is a veil  
on ! face ( et]nity :i* requires to be  
remov$2 b ! mo/ fatal veil is t :i* is  
on ! he>t ( ! individual & prev5ts him f
 see+ ! glory ( ,*ri/4  ,x 0 on ! faces 
( ne>ly all ! multitude t day assembl$  
r\nd ! cross4  ,x 0 on ! faces ( ! poor 
soldi]s gambl+ )9 a few feet ( ! dy+    
,savi\r2 9 _! case x 0 a veil (         
ins5sibility4  ,x 0 on ! faces ( !      
ecclesia/ics & ! mob ( ,j]usalem2 & 9 _!

 case x 0 a ?ick veil ( prejudice4  ,!  
greate/ sight ev] witness$ on e>? 0 !re 
beside !m2 b !y 7 /onebl9d to x4  ,!    
glory ( ,*ri/ is /ill ! greate/ sight   
:i* anyone c see betwe5 ! cradle & !    
grave4  ,& x is n[ z ne> ev]yone ( u z x
 0 to ! cr[d on ,calv>y4  ,"s see x2 = !
 veil ^u _! faces is r5t2 & !y are      
transfix$ & trans=m$ by ! sight4  ,b    
o!rs are bl9d$4  ,h[ ne> "o may be to   
,jesus1 h[ mu* mix$ up ) ,8 cause1 h[   
well in=m$ ab\t ,8 life & doctr9e1 & yet
 nev] see ,8 glory or "k ,him z a       
p]sonal ,savi\r6  ,x is said t p may    
sp5d a lifetime 9 ! mid/ ( p]fect sc5]y 
& yet nev] awake to its *>m2 b by comes 
a pa9t] or poet & dr9ks ! beauty 91 till
 he is intoxicat$ ) x & puts x into a   
glori\s picture or a dea?less song4  ,s 
c "s rememb] a "t :5 ,jesus1 ?\gh 9 a   
s5se well kn[n1 0 no?+ to !m2 b at a    
c]ta9 po9t a veil seem$ to r5d & an     
entire *ange sup]v5$2 & ev] s9ce !n ! _w
 is full ( ,him2 ,8 "n seems writt5 on !
 />s & among ! fl[]s2 ,he is _! fir/    

?\ght :5 !y wake & _! la/ be=e !y sleep2
 ,he is ) !m 9 ! h\se & by ! way2 ,he is
 _! all 9 all4  ,?is is ! mo/ critical  
r5d+ ( ! veil2 because1 :5 x takes      
place1 ! o!rs foll[4  ,:5 we h our eyes 
op5$ to see ! glory ( ,*ri/1 we soon "k 
! ,fa!r also2 & ! d>kness passes f !    
face ( et]nity1 because et]nity = u is  
to be =ev] ) ! ,"l4    #a ,may ?is      
ph5om5on acc\nt = ! e>ly conv]sion ( s  
_m prie/s record$ 9 ,acts vi4           
#g8--;,,ed]%eim4  #b ,%akespe>e is v    
fond ( describ+ ! port5ts by :i*        
rem>kable ev5ts are =e%ad[$4  ,?us1     
,julius ,caes>1 ,act ,i4 ,sc5e ii43--   
,o ,cic]o1   ,i h se5 tempe/s1 :5 !     
scold+ w9ds   ,h riv$ ! knotty oaks2 &  
,i h se5   ,?' ambiti\s ocean swell &   
rage & foam1   ,to be exalt$ ) ! ?reat5+
 cl\ds2   ,b nev] till to-night1 nev]   
till n[   ,did ,i g ?r\gh a tempe/      
dropp+ fire4   ,a common slave--y "k him
 well by sight--   ,held up 8 left h&1  
:i* did flame & burn   ,l tw5ty tor*es  
jo9$2 & yet 8 h&1   ,n s5sible ( fire1  

rema9$ unscor*$4   ,besides--,i ha' n   
s9ce put up my sword--   ,aga9/ !       
,capitol ,i met a lion1   ,:o gl>$ ^u me
 & w5t surly by1   ,)\t annoy+ me4  ,&  
!re 7 drawn   ,^u a heap an hundr$      
gha/ly wom51   ,trans=m$ ) _! fe>1 :o   
swore !y saw   ,m51 all 9 fire1 walk up 
& d[n ! /reets4   ,& ye/]day ! bird (   
night did sit   ,ev5 at noonday ^u !    
m>ketplace1   ,hoot+ & %riek+4  ,:5 ^!  
prodigies   ,d s conjo9tly meet1 let n  
m5 say1   ',^! are _! reasons--!y are   
natural1'   ,= ,i believe !y are        
port5t\s ?+s   ,unto ! climate t !y po9t
 ^u4  ,see also ,act ,,ii41 ,sc5e ii41 &
 ,act ,v41 ,sc5e i4 ( ! same play2      
,macbe?1 ,act ,,ii41 ,sc5e ii42 ,hamlet1
 ,act ,i41 ,sc5e i4  ,su* impressions   
are n1 h[ev]1 ev5 9 mod]n times1 conf9$ 
to poetry alone4  ,hi/orical in/ances w 
sugge/ !mselves to e read]4  #c ,"s ( ! 
mo/ int]e/+ ,i h read occur 9 a brief   
memoir ( ! f\nd] ( ! ,bag/] ,publi%+    
,company issu$ on ! c5t5>y ( its op5+4  
#d ,de ,oraculorum ,defectu1 quot$ by   

,heubn] 9 8 comm5t>y1 9 loc4  #e /5agmos
 ama ?aumasmo4  #f ,heb4 x4 #ai-bb4  #g 
,s ! ignorance ( immortality is         
expressly call$ 9 ! beautiful passage1  
,isa4 xxv4 #g4  #h ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne1  
,hydrotaphia1 *ap4 iv43 ,a dialogue     
betwe5 two infants 9 ! womb conc]n+ !   
/ate ( ?is _w might h&somely illu/rate  
our ignorance ( ! next1 :]e1 me?9ks1 we 
/ill disc\rse 9 ,plato's d51 & are b    
embryo philosoph]s4  #i ,p>e/ekos ex    
enantias aut\4     ,,*apt] ,,xxii4  ,,! 
,,dead ,,*ri/  ,x 0 n usual to remove   
bodies f ! cross imm$iately aft] _!     
dea?4  ,!y 7 all[$ to hang1 expos$ to ! 
wea!r1 till !y rott$ & fell to pieces2  
or !y might be torn by birds or bea/s2 &
 at la/ a fire 0 p]haps k9dl$ b5ea? !   
cross to rid ! place ( ! rema9s4  ,su* 0
 ! ,roman cu/om2 b among ! ,jews !re 0 m
 scrupulosity4  ,9 _! law !re /ood ?is  
provision3 ,if a man h committ$ a s9    
wor?y ( dea?1 & he be put to dea?1 & ?\ 
hang him on a tree1 8 body %all n rema9 
all night ^u ! tree1 b ?\ %alt 9 any    

wise bury him t day 7= he t is hang$ is 
accurs$ ( ,god72 t ?y l& be n defil$ :i*
 ! ,"l ?y ,god give? !e = an inh]itance4
 #a ,:e!r or n ! ,jews always tri$ to   
get ?is provision obs]v$ 9 executions   
c>ri$ out 9 _! mid/ by _! ,roman ma/]s1 
we _c tell2 b x 0 natural t !y %\ld d s 
9 ref]5ce to executions c>ri$ out 9 !   
neighb\rhood ( ! holy city & at ,passov]
 "t4  ,9 ! pres5t in/ance !re 0 !       
additional reason1 t ! morr[ ( !        
execution ( ,jesus 0 a high day--x 0 !  
,sabba? ( ! ,passov]--a k9d ( d\ble     
,sabba?1 :i* w\ld h be5 desecrat$ by any
 unclean ?+1 l an unburi$ corpse1 expos$
 to view4  ,! ,jews 7 extremely s5sitive
 ab\t su* po9ts4 ,at any "t !y reg>d$   
!mselves z unclean if !y t\*$ a dead    
body1 & !y _h to g ?r\gh a process (    
purgation be=e _! s5se ( sanctity 0     
re/or$4  ,b on ! occasion ( a ,passov]  
,sabba? !y w\ld h felt x to be a        
desecration if any dead ?+ _h ev5 met _!
 eyes or re/$ uncov]$ on ! soil ( _!    
city4 ,!re=e _! repres5tatives w5t to ! 

,roman gov]nor & begg$ t ! ?ree crucifi$
 m5 %\ld be put to dea? by clubb+ & _!  
bodies buri$ be=e ! ,sabba? comm5c$4  ,!
 sugge/ion has (t5 be5 made t1 beh9d ?is
 pret5d$ scrupulosity1 _! real aim 0 to 
inflict additional pa9 & indignity on   
,jesus4  ,! break+ ( ! bones ( ! body1  
by sma%+ !m ) clubs1 0 a peculi>ly      
horrible =m ( puni%m5t sometimes        
inflict$ by ! ,romans4#b  ,x 0 ne>ly z  
cruel & degrad+ z crucifixion itself2 & 
x 0 an indep5d5t puni%m5t1 n conjo9$ )  
crucifixion4  ,b ! ,jews 9 ?is case     
attempt$ to get !m unit$1 t ,jesus1     
besides be+ crucifi$1 might1 s to speak1
 die yet ano!r dea? ( ! mo/ revolt+     
description4  ,! ,evangeli/1 h[ev]1 ?r[s
 no d\bt on ! motive :i* !y put         
=w>d--namely1 t ! ,passov] ,sabba? might
 be sav$ f desecration--&1 al?\gh _!    
insatiable hatr$ may h made !m sugge/   
clubb+ z ! mode by :i* ,8 dea? %\ld be  
ha/5$1 we ne$ n "q t _! scruples 7      
g5u9e4  ,x is an extraord9>y in/ance ( !
 game ( self-deception :i* ! human      

consci5ce c play4  ,"h 7 p fre% f !     
greate/ crime ev] committ$--_! h&s /ill 
reek+1 "o might say1 ) ! blood ( !      
,innoc5t--& _! consci5ces1 :ile utt]ly  
unt\*$ ) remorse = ?is crime1 are anxi\s
 ab\t ! obs]vance ( ! ,sabba? & !       
c]emonial defilem5t ( ! soil4  ,x is !  
mo/ extraord9>y illu/ration :i* hi/ory  
records ( h[ zeal = :at may be call$ !  
body ( religion may be utt]ly de/itute (
 any connection ) its _s4 ,x is surely a
 solemn w>n+ to make sure t e outw>d    
religi\s act is accompani$ by ! g5u9e   
outgo+ ( ! he>t to ,god1 & a w>n+ t1 if 
we love n our bro!r1 :om we h se51 nei!r
 c we be lov]s ( ,god1 :om we h n se54  
,pilate he>k5$ to ! reque/ ( ! ,jews1 & 
ord]s 7 giv5 to ! soldi]s to act        
accord+ly4  ,!n ! gha/ly "w began4  ,!y 
broke ! legs ( ! malefactor on ! "o side
 ( ,jesus1 & !n ^? ( ! o!r on ! opposite
 side4  ,! p5it5t ?ief 0 n sp>$2 b :at a
 diff]5ce 8 p5it5ce made6  ,to 8        
companion ?is 0 no?+ b an additional    
indignity2 to him x 0 ! knock+-(f ( !   

fett]s1 t 8 _s might ! soon] w+ its way 
to ,p>adise1 :]e ,*ri/ _h try/$ to meet 
him4  ,!n came ! turn ( ,jesus4  ,b1 :5 
! soldi]s look$ at ,him1 !y saw t _! "w 
0 unnecess>y3 dea? _h be5 be=e !m2 !    
droop+ head & pallid frame 7 ^? ( a dead
 man4  ,only1 to make assurance d\bly   
sure1 "o ( !m ?ru/ 8 spe> into ! body1  
mak+ a w\nd s l>ge t ,jesus1 :5 ,he 0   
ris51 c\ld invite ! d\bt+ ,?omas to ?ru/
 8 h& into x2 &1 z ! weapon 0 drawn =?  
aga91 !re came out aft] x blood & wat]4 
,/4 ,john1 :o 0 on ! spot & saw all ?is 
tak+ place1 seems to h p]ceiv$ 9 ! sc5e 
an unusual importance2 = he adds to 8   
report ^! words ( confirmation1 z if he 
7 seal+ an (ficial docum5t1 ,& he t saw 
x b>e record2 & 8 record is true2 & he  
kn[e? t he sai? true1 t ye might        
believe4  ,:y %\ld he int]rupt ! fl[ ( 8
 n>rative to add ^! words ( assurance8  
,"s h ?\ght t he 0 mov$ to d s by a     
h]esy :i* sprang up 9 ! e>ly ,*ur* to ! 
effect t ,*ri/ 0 n really human3 ,8     
body1 x 0 said1 0 only a phantom body1 &

 !re=e ,8 dea? 0 only an app>5t dea?4   
,9 opposition to su* a notion ,/4 ,john 
directs att5tion to ! reali/ic details1 
:i* prove s conclusively t ?is 0 a real 
man & t ,he di$ a real dea?4  ,( c\rse t
 anci5t h]esy has long ceas$ to tr\ble2 
!re are none n[ :o d5y t ,jesus 0 a man4
  ,yet x is curi\s h[ ! t5d5cy ev] &    
anon reappe>s to evaporate ! facts ( ,8 
life4  ,at ! pres5t h\r !re are em95t   
,*ri/ian tea*]s 9 ,europe :o are treat+ 
! resurrection ( ! ,"l 9 v mu* ! same   
way z ^! e>ly ,docetae treat$ ,8 dea?--z
 a k9d ( figure ( spee*1 n to be        
und]/ood too lit]ally4  ,aga9/ su* !    
,*ur* mu/ lift up ! crude facts ( !     
resurrection z ,/4 ,john did ^? ( ! dea?
 ( ! ,savi\r4#c  ,9 our g5]ation tea*]s 
( e k9d are appeal+ to ,*ri/ & putt+    
,him 9 ! c5tre ( !ology2 b we mu/ ask   
!m1 ,:at ,*ri/8  ,is x ! ,*ri/ ( !      
,scriptures3 ! ,*ri/ :o 9 ! beg9n+ 0 )  
,god2 :o 0 inc>nat$2 :o di$ = ! s9s ( ! 
_w2 :o 0 rais$ f ! dead & reigns =      
ev]more8  ,we mu/ n delude ourselves )  

words3 only ! ,*ri/ ( ! ,scriptures c\ld
 h br\ght u ! salvation ( ! ,scriptures4
   ,:at excit$ ! wond] ( ,/4 ,john is   
suppos$ by o!rs to h be5 ! fulfilm5t (  
two passages ( ! ,old ,te/am5t          
,scripture :i* he quotes4  ,x appe>$ to 
be a matt] ( m]e *ance t ! soldi]s1     
contr>y to ! int5tion ( ! ,jews1 refra9$
 f break+ ! bones ( ,jesus2 yet a sacr$ 
^w1 ( :i* !y knew no?+1 writt5 hundr$s (
 ye>s be=e1 _h said1 ,a bone ( ,him %all
 n be brok54  ,x seem$ ! mo/ casual     
circum/ance t ! soldi] plung$ ! spe>    
into ! side ( ,jesus1 to make sure t ,he
 0 dead2 yet an anci5t oracle1 ( :i* he 
knew no?+1 _h said1 ,!y %all look on    
,him :om !y pi]c$4  ,?us1 by ! ov]rul+  
provid5ce ( ,god1 ! soldi]s1 go+ ) rude 
unconc]n ab\t _! "w1 7 unconsci\sly     
fulfill+ ! ,scriptures2 & ^? :o bo? saw 
:at !y _h done & knew ! ,scriptures     
recognis$ ! ,div9e f+] po9t+ out ,jesus 
z ! ,s5t ( ,god4  ,! fir/ ( ^! texts is 
g5]ally suppos$#d to be tak5 f ! acc\nt 
9 ,exodus ( ! in/itution ( ! ,passov]1 &

 orig9ally x ref]s to ! pas*al lamb1 :i*
 0 to be eat5 :ole1 ! break+ ( its bones
 be+ =bidd54  ,/4 ,john's idea is t     
,*ri/ 0 to be ! pas*al lamb ( ! ,new    
,disp5sation1 & t !re=e ,provid5ce took 
c>e t no?+ %\ld be done to de/roy ,8    
resemblance to ! type1 z w\ld h happ5$  
if ,8 bones _h be5 brok54  ,! ,passov] 0
 ! great ev5t ( ! ye> 9 all ! g5]ations 
( ,jewi% hi/ory4  ,x 0 int5d$ to c>ry ! 
m9ds ( ,god's p back to ! wond]ful sc5es
 ( div9e grace & p[] 9 :i* _! exi/5ce z 
a nation _h begun1 :5 ,god lib]at$ !m f 
_! bondage & l$ !m out ( ,egypt ) a     
mighty h&4  ,! c5tre ( ! solemnity 0 !  
slay+ & eat+ ( ! pas*al lamb4  ,?is     
rem9d$ !m ( h[ 9 ,egypt ! blood ( ?is   
lamb1 spr9kl$ on ! l9tels & doorpo/s (  
_! huts1 sav$ !m f ! visit ( ! de/roy+  
angel1 :o 0 pass+ ?r\gh ! l&2 & h[1 at !
 same "t1 ! fle% ( ! lamb 0 eat5 by ! p1
 ) _! lo9s girt & /aves 9 _! h&s1 &     
suppli$ !m ) /r5g? = _! adv5tur\s       
j\rney4  ,?us ?r\gh all ages x impress$ 
on !m two ?+s--t ! s9s ( ! pa/ requir$  

to be expiat$1 & t /r5g? _h to be obta9$
 f above = ! new /age ( _! hi/ory on :i*
 at ! annual ,passov] !y might be       
suppos$ to be ent]+4  ,9 ! same way1 9 !
 ,new ,disp5sation1 are our m9ds ev] to 
rev]t to ! m>vell\s revelation ( ! grace
 & sav+ p[] ( ,god 9 :i* ,*ri/ianity    
orig9at$2 & 9 ! v mid/ is ! ,lamb sla91 
:o is bo? ! expiation ( ! s9s t are pa/ 
& ! /r5g? requisite = ! conflict & !    
pilgrimage4  ,if we walk 9 ! light1 z   
,he is 9 ! light1 we h fell[%ip "o )    
ano!r1 & ! blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ,8 ,son 
cleanse? u f all s94  ,! o!r words (    
prophecy :i* appe>$ to ,/4 ,john to be  
fulfill$ on ?is occasion 71 ,!y %all    
look on ,him :om !y pi]c$4 ,!y are f a  
passage 9 ,ze*>iah1 :i* is s rem>kable t
 x may be quot$ 9 full--,& ,i w p\r out 
on ! h\se ( ,david & ^u ! inhabitants ( 
,j]usalem ! _s ( grace & (              
supplications1 & !y %all look ^u ,me :om
 !y h pi]c$1 & !y %all m\rn = ,him1 z "o
 m\rne? = 8 only son1 & %all be 9       
bitt]ness = ,him1 z "o t is 9 bitt]ness 

= 8 fir/born4  ,jehovah speaks          
figuratively ( ! opposition %[n to      
,himself & ,8 s]vants z pi]c+ ,him )    
pa91 j z we say ( an insult t x cuts to 
! he>t4  ,b 9 ! dea? ( ,jesus ! figure  
became a fact3 aga9/ ! sacr$ p]son ( !  
,son ( ,god ! spe> 0 lift$ up1 & x 0    
driv5 home )\t compunction4 ,evid5tly   
,/4 ,john ?9ks ( ?is r z ! act ( !      
,jewi% p ?an ( ! ,roman soldi]4  ,b !   
prophecy speaks n only ( ! p pi]c+ ,god1
 b ( _! look+ at _! own "w ) %ame &     
te>s4  ,at ,p5teco/ ?is began to be     
fulfill$2 & 9 e age s9ce !re h be5      
memb]s ( ! ,jewi% race :o h ackn[l$g$ _!
 guilt 9 ! transaction4  ,! full        
ackn[l$gm5t1 h[ev]1 /ill l+]s2 b !      
conv]sion ( ,god's anci5t p1 :5 x comes1
 mu/ beg9 ) ?is4  ,inde$1 e human be+ to
 :om 8 own true relation to ,*ri/ is    
reveal$ mu/ make ! same ackn[l$gm5t4  ,x
 0 ! he>t n ( a few soldi]s or ( !      
repres5tatives ( a s+le p1 b ( ! human  
race1 t h>d5$ itself aga9/ ,him4  ,x 0 !
 s9 ( ! _w t nail$ ,him to ! tree & %$  

,8 blood4  ,e s9n] may !re=e feel t he  
_h a h& 9 x2 & x is only :5 we see our  
own s9 z aim+ at ! v exi/5ce ( ,god 9 ! 
dea? ( ,8 ,son t we compreh5d x 9 all   
its enormity4   ,!re h be5 _m :o h f\nd 
! reason = ,/4 ,john's wond] 9 ! fact t 
out ( ! w\nd$ side !re fl[$ blood &     
wat]4  ,f a corpse1 :5 x is pi]c$--at   
lea/1 if x has be5 "s "t dead--x is n   
usual = any?+ to fl[4  ,b :e!r ,/4 ,john
 reflect$ on ?is or n we _c tell4  ,:at 
fasc9at$ him 0 simply ! fact t ! pi]c+ (
 ! body ( ! ,savi\r made x a f\nta9 out 
( :i* sprang ?is d\ble outfl[4  ,:5 !   
rock 9 ! wild]ness 0 smitt5 ) ! rod (   
,moses1 !re issu$ f x a /ream :i* 0 life
 to ! p]i%+ multitude2 b 9 ! d\ble /ream
 com+ f ! side ( ,jesus ,/4 ,john saw   
some?+ bett] ev5 ?an t2 because to him !
 blood symboliz$ ! atonem5t1 & ! wat] ! 
,_s ( ,*ri/2 & 9 ^! two all our         
salvation lies4#e ,s we s+ 9 ! mo/      
preci\s ( all our hymns1--    ,let !    
wat] & ! blood   ,f ,?y liv+ side :i*   
fl[$   ,be ( s9 ! d\ble cure--          

,cleanse me f its guilt & p[]4          
,al?\gh1 h[ev]1 ,/4 ,john did n p]haps  
speculate on ! reason :y ?is d\ble      
outfl[ took place f ! w\nd$ side1 o!rs h
 occupi$ !mselves ) ! "q4  ,"s#f h      
consid]$ ! ph5om5on altoge!r abnormal1 &
 endeav\r$ to expla9 x f ! peculi>ity ( 
our ,"l's humanity4 ,?\gh ,he di$4  ,he 
0 n1 l o!r m51 to see corruption2 ,8    
body 0 to escape 9 a few h\rs1          
transfigur$ & glori\s1 f ! grasp ( dea?4
  ,?is trans=m+ process1 :i* issu$ 9 ,8 
resurrection1 began z soon z ,he 0 dead2
 & ! spe>-?ru/1 break+ 9 on x1 s to     
speak1 reveal$ some?+ altoge!r unique 9 
! con/itution ( ,8 body4  ,o!rs1 keep+  
)9 ! limits ( asc]ta9$ fact1 h giv5 a   
totally diff]5t yet a peculi>ly int]e/+ 
explanation4  ,!y h direct$ att5tion to 
! sudd5ness ( ,*ri/'s dea?4  ,x 0 usual 
= crucifi$ p]sons to l+] = days2 b ,he  
did n survive m ?an six h\rs4  ,yet     
imm$iately be=e dy+ ,he aga9 & aga9 cri$
 ) a l\d voice1 z if ,8 bodily =ce 7 by 
no means exhau/$4 ,sudd5ly1 h[ev]1 ) a  

l\d cry ,8 life t]m9at$4  ,to :at c\ld  
?is be due8  ,x is said t sometimes1 "u 
! pressure ( int5se m5tal & physical    
agony1 ! he>t bur/s2 !re is a %riek1 & (
 c\rse dea? is in/antane\s4  ,we speak (
 p dy+ ( a brok5 he>t--us+ ! phrase only
 figuratively--b sometimes x c be us$   
lit]ally3 ! he>t is actually ruptur$ )  
grief4  ,n[1 x is said t1 :5 ?is takes  
place1 ! blood conta9$ 9 ! he>t is p\r$ 
into a sac by :i* x is surr\nd$2 & !re x
 sep>ates into two sub/ances--a clotty  
sub/ance ( ! col\r ( blood & a pure1    
col\rless sub/ance l wat]4  ,&1 if !    
sac1 :5 9 ?is condition1 7 pi]c$ by a   
spe> or any o!r in/rum5t1 !re w\ld fl[  
out a l>ge quantity ( bo? sub/ances1 :i*
 w\ld by an unsci5tific spectator be    
describ$ z blood & wat]4  ,x 0 by an    
,engli% m$ical man t ?is !ory 0 fir/    
prop\nd$ fifty ye>s ago1#g & x has be5  
adopt$ by o!r m$ical m51 equally fam\s =
 _! sci5tific em95ce & ,*ri/ian "*1 su* 
z ! late ,pr(essor ,begbie & ,sir ,james
 ,simpson4  ,! latt] well br+s out !    

po9t & ! pa?os ( ?is view ( ! ,savi\r's 
dea? 9 ^! words3#h ,x has always        
appe>$--to my m$ical m9d at lea/--t ?is 
view ( ! mode by :i* dea? 0 produc$ 9 ! 
human body ( ,*ri/ int5sifies all our   
?\ghts & ideas reg>d+ ! imm5sity ( !    
sacrifice :i* ,he made = our s9ful race 
^u ! cross4  ,no?+ c be m /rik+ & />tl+ 
?an ! passiv5ess ) :i*1 = our sakes1    
,god z man submitt$ ,8 inc>nate body to 
! horrors & tortures ( ! crucifixion4   
,b our wond]m5t at ! /up5d\s sacrifice  
increases :5 we reflect t1 :il/ ?us     
endur+ = our s9s ! mo/ cruel & agonis+  
=m ( corporeal dea?1 ,he 0 ultimately   
sla91 n by ! effects ( ! angui% ( ,8    
corporeal frame1 b by ! effects ( !     
mighti] angui% ( ,8 m9d2 ! fle%ly walls 
( ,8 he>t--l ! veil1 z x 71 9 ! temple (
 ,8 body--becom+ r5t & riv51 z = u ,he  
p\r$ out ,8 s\l unto dea?--! travail (  
,8 s\l 9 t awful h\r ?us /&+ out z      
unspeakably m bitt] & dreadful ?an ev5 !
 travail ( ,8 body4  ,9 ?is *apt] we h  
be5 mov+ some:at 9 ! region (           

speculation & conjecture1 & we h n      
rigidly asc]ta9$ :at is logically t5able
 & :at is n4  ,?is is a place ( my/]y1  
:]e dim yet impos+ mean+s peep out on u 
9 :atev] direction we turn4 ,we h call$ 
! sc5e ! ,dead ,*ri/4  ,b :o does n see 
t ! dead ,*ri/ is s int]e/+ & wond]ful  
because ,he is also ! liv+ ,*ri/8  ,he  
lives2 ,he is "h2 ,he is ) u n[4  ,yet !
 conv]se is also true--t ! liv+ ,*ri/ is
 to u s wond]ful & adorable because ,he 
0 dead4  ,! fact t ,he is alive inspires
 u ) /r5g? & hope2 b x is by ! memory ( 
,8 dea? t ,he is comm5d$ to ! tru/ ( our
 burd5$ consci5ces & ! love ( our       
sympa!tic he>ts4    #a ,deut4 xxi4 #bb1 
#bc4  #b ,crurifragium1 z x 0 call$1    
consi/$ 9 /rik+ ! legs ( ! suff]] ) a   
heavy mallet--,,f>r>1 ,life ( ,*ri/1    
ii41 #dbc4  #c ,! words t foll[ 9 ?is   
p>agraph are a rem9isc5ce ( a s+ul>ly   
eloqu5t & p[]ful passage 9 a spee* (    
,dr4 ,macl>51 ( ,man*e/]1 deliv]$ la/   
ye> 9 ,ed9burgh4  #d ,weiss1 h[ev]1     
supposes ,psalm xxxiv4 #bj to be !      

ref]5ce4  #e ,on ! symbolism ( ?is      
ph5om5on see ! excursus 9 ,we/cott's    
,gospel ( ,/4 ,john1 pp4 #bhd-hf4  #f   
,e4g41 ,lange1 *>act]i/ically4  #g ,/r\d
 9 8 treatise ,on ! ,physical ,cause ( !
 ,dea? ( ,*ri/4  #h ,giv5 9 ,hanna's ,! 
,la/ ,day ( our ,"l's ,passion4         
,,*apt] ,,xxiii4  ,,! ,,burial  ,!re is 
a h>d & %all[ philosophy :i* reg>ds x z 
a matt] ( complete indiff]5ce :at       
becomes ( ! body aft] ! s\l has left x &
 affects contempt ( all fun]al          
c]emonies4  ,b ! in/9cts ( mank9d are   
wis]4  ,9 anci5t times x 0 consid]$ "o (
 ! wor/ ( mis=tunes to miss dec5t       
burial2 &1 al?\gh ?is s5tim5t 0 mix$ )  
sup]/ition1 !re 0 b5ea? x a heal?y      
in/9ct4  ,!re is a dignity ( ! body z   
well z ( ! s\l1 especially :5 x is a    
temple ( ! ,holy ,gho/2 & !re is a      
maje/y ab\t dea? :i* _c be ignor$ )\t   
loss to ! liv+4#a  ,x is ) a s5se ( pa9 
& humiliation1 z if a di%on\r 7 be+ done
 to human nature1 t we see a fun]al at  
:i* ev]y?+ betok5s hurry1 %abb9ess &    

slov5l9ess4  ,on ! contr>y1 !           
satisfaction is n morbid ) :i* we see a 
fun]al conduct$ ) solemnity & *a/e pomp4
  ,&1 :5 someone falls ^: c>e] has be5  
"o ( extraord9>y a*ievem5t & b5efic5ce1 
& :o has become    ,on =tune's cr[n+    
slope   ,! pill> ( a nation's hope1   ,!
 c5tre ( a _w's desire1  !n1 z ! rema9s 
are borne amid/ an empire's lam5tation  
to re/ "u ! cross ( gold t %9es ov] riv]
 & city1 & ! toll+ bells & e*o+ cannon  
s\nd ov] hu%$ ,london1 & ! sil5t masses 
l9e ! /reets1 & ! le>n$ & ! noble /&    
uncov]$ ar\nd ! op5 grave1 x w\ld be a  
diseas$ & *urli% m9d :i* did n feel !   
spell ( ! pageant4  ,?us ought ! great1 
! wise & ! good to be buri$4  ,h[ !n 0  
,he buri$ :om all n[ agree to call !    
,greate/1 ! ,wise/ & ! ,be/8   ,i4  ,!  
?ree corpses 7 tak5 d[n t[>ds ev5+1 be=e
 ! ,jewi% ,sabba? set 91 :i* comm5c$ at 
sunset4  ,probably ! two robb]s 7 buri$ 
on ! spot1 crosses & all1 or !y 7       
hurri$ly c>ri$ (f to "s obscure &       
accurs$ dit*1 :]e ! rema9s ( crim9als 7 

wont to be unc]emoni\sly ?ru/ und]gr\nd4
  ,?is w\ld h be5 ! fate ( ,jesus too1  
_h n an unexpect$ h& int]pos$4  ,x 0 !  
humane cu/om ( ! ,romans to give !      
corpses ( crim9als to _! fri5ds1 if !y  
*ose to ask = !m2 & a claimant appe>$ = 
! body ( ,jesus1 to :om ,pilate 0 by no 
means loa? to grant x4  ,?is is ! fir/  
"t t ,joseph ( ,arima!a appe>s on ! /age
 ( ! gospel hi/ory2 & ( 8 previ\s life v
 little is kn[n4 ,ev5 ! t[n f :i* he    
d]ives 8 appellation is n kn[n )        
c]ta9ty4  ,! fact t he own$ a g>d5 &    
bury+-place 9 ! environs ( ,j]usalem    
does n necess>ily indicate t he 0 a     
resid5t !re2 = pi\s ,jews _h all a      
desire to be buri$ 9 ! prec9cts ( !     
sacr$ city2 &1 inde$1 ! :ole            
neighb\rhood is /ill honeycomb$ ) tombs4
  ,joseph 0 a ri* man2 & ?is may h      
avail$ him 9 8 application to ,pilate4  
,^? :o possess weal? or social position 
or di/+ui%$ tal5ts c s]ve ,*ri/ 9 ways  
:i* are n accessible to ,8 humbl]       
foll[]s4  ,only1 be=e su* gifts c be    

acceptable to ,him1 ^? to :om !y belong 
mu/ c\nt !m b loss & dung = ,8 sake4    
,joseph 0 a c\ncillor4  ,x has be5      
conjectur$ t ! c\ncil ( :i* he 0 a memb]
 0 t ( ,arima!a2 b ! obs]vation t he _h 
n cons5t$ to ! c\nsel & de$ ( !m1 :i*   
obvi\sly ref]s to ! ,sanh$rim1 makes x m
 ?an probable t x 0 ( ?is augu/ body he 
0 a memb]4  ,no d\bt he abs5t$ himself  
delib]ately f ! meet+ at :i* ,jesus 0   
condemn$1 kn[+ well be=eh& t ! proce$+s 
w\ld be utt]ly pa9ful & revolt+ to 8    
feel+s4  ,= he 0 a good man & a j4  ,we 
are1 h[ev]1 told m ab\t him3 he wait$ = 
! k+dom ( ,god4  ,?is is a phrase appli$
 else:]e also 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t to !    
dev\t 9 ,pale/9e at ?is p]iod2 & x      
designates 9 a /rik+ way ! peculi>ity ( 
_! piety4  ,! age 0 spiritually dead4   
,religion 0 repres5t$ by ! high-&-dry   
=malism ( ! ,ph>isees on ! "o h& & !    
cold & worldly scepticism ( ! ,sadducees
 on ! o!r4  ,9 ! synagogues ! p ask$ =  
bread & 7 (f]$ a /one4  ,! scribes1     
in/ead ( lett+ ! pure riv] ( ,bible tru?

 fl[ ov] ! l&1 *ok$ up its c\rse ) ! s& 
( _! s\lless comm5t>y4  ,yet !re are    
good p ev5 9 ! wor/ ( times4  ,!re 7    
truly pi\s s\ls spr9kl$ up & d[n        
,pale/9e4  ,!y 7 l lights %9+ "h & !re1 
at great int]vals1 9 ! d>kness4  ,!y    
c\ld n b feel t !y 7 /rang]s & =eign]s 9
 _! own age & c\ntry1 & !y liv$ 9 ! pa/ 
& ! future4  ,! prophets1 on ^: words !y
 n\ri%$ _! s\ls1 =etold a good "t com+1 
:5 on ^? :o sat 9 d>kness !re w\ld bur/ 
a great light4  ,= ?is bett] "t1 !n1 !y 
7 wait+4  ,!y 7 wait+ to he> ! voice (  
prophecy e*o+ once m ?r\gh ! l& & wak+ !
 population f its spiritual slumb]4  ,!y
 7 wait+1 above all1 = ! ,messiah1 if !y
 might d>e to hope t ,he w\ld come 9 _! 
days4  ,su* 7 ! s\ls among :i* bo? ,john
 & ,jesus f\nd _! auditors4  ,all su*   
mu/ h welcom$ ! voices ( ! ,bapti/ & 8  
,successor z at lea/ ^? ( prophets :o 7 
/riv+ e>ne/ly to deal ) ! evils ( ! "t4 
,b :e!r ,jesus 0 ,he t %\ld come or :e!r
 !y %\ld look = ano!r1 "s ( !m /ood 9   
d\bt4  ,among ^! p]haps 0 ,joseph4  ,he 

01 x is said1 a disciple ( ,jesus1 b    
secretly1 = fe> ( ! ,jews4  ,he _h fai?1
 b n fai? en\gh to confess ,*ri/ & take 
! consequ5ces4  ,ev5 dur+ ! trial (     
,jesus he satisfi$ 8 consci5ce by be+   
abs5t f ! meet+ ( ! ,sanh$rim1 in/ead ( 
/&+ up 9 8 place & av[+ 8 convictions4  
,su* he _h be5 up to ?is po9t4  ,b n[ 9 
! face ( dang] he id5tifi$ himself )    
,jesus4  ,x is int]e/+ to note :at x 0 t
 br\ght him to decision4  ,x 0 ! excess 
( wick$ness 9 8 fell[-c\ncillors1 :o at 
l5g? w5t to a /age ( viol5ce & inju/ice 
:i* all[$ him to hesitate no long]4     
,complete religi\s decision is sometimes
 br\ght ab\t 9 ?is way4  ,?us1 =        
example1 "o :o has be5 halt+ betwe5 two 
op9ions1 or1 at all ev5ts1 has nev] _h  
c\rage en\gh op5ly to confess 8         
convictions1 may be "s day among 8      
fell[-workm5 or %opm51 :5 religion comes
 up z a topic ( conv]sation & is receiv$
 ) ridicule1 ,*ri/'s p be+ sne]$ at1 ,8 
doctr9es d5i$1 & ,he ,himself blasphem$4
  ,b at la/ x goes too f> ! sil5t1      

half-conv9c$ disciple c /& x no long]2  
he breaks out 9 indignant prote/ & /&s  
confess$ z a ,*ri/ian4  ,9 "s su* way z 
?is mu/ ! *ange ( s5tim5t h tak5 place 9
 ! m9d ( ,joseph4  ,he _h to defy !     
entire ,sanh$rim2 he 0 putt+ himself 9  
imm95t p]il2 b he c\ld hold 9 no long]2 
&1 ca/+ fe> beh9d 8 back1 he w5t 9      
boldly to ,pilate & begg$ ! body (      
,jesus4   ,,ii4  ,boldness 9 confess+   
,*ri/ is apt to h two results4  ,on ! "o
 h&1 x c[s adv]s>ies4  ,x is n said t   
,joseph got himself into tr\ble by 8    
action on ?is occasion1 or t ! ,sanh$rim
 imm$iately comm5c$ a p]secution aga9/  
him4  ,!y 71 inde$1 9 a /ate ( extreme  
excitem5t1 & !y 7 sev5ty to "o4 ,b      
sometimes a s+le bold man c quell mu* m 
num]\s opposition ?an ev5 ?is4  ,x is   
c]ta9 t ! consci5ces ( _m ( !m 7 ill at 
ease1 & !y 7 by no means prep>$ to      
*all5ge to argum5t on ! m]its ( ! case a
 quiet & resolute man ) ! elevation ( ^:
 "* !y 7 all acqua9t$4  ,x is "o ( !    
great advantages ( ^? :o /& up = ,*ri/ t

 !y h ! consci5ces ev5 ( _! adv]s>ies on
 _! side4  ,! o!r effect ( boldness 9   
confess+ ,*ri/ is t x br+s out          
confession f o!rs :o h n _h 9 _! own    
brea/ en\gh ( fire to make !m act1 b are
 heat$ up to ! necess>y temp]ature by   
example4  ,x seems cle> t 9 ?is way !   
example ( ,joseph evok$ ! loyalty (     
,nicodemus4  ,nicodemus 0 ( ! same rank 
z ,joseph1 be+ a memb] ( ! ,sanh$rim2 & 
he 0 a secret disciple4  ,?is is n !    
fir/ "t t he appe>s on ! /age ( !       
,gospel hi/ory4  ,at ! v comm5cem5t ( ! 
c>e] ( ,jesus he _h be5 attract$ to ,him
 & _h gone s f> z to seek a private     
int]view2 ! acc\nt ( :i* is "o ( ! mo/  
preci\s compon5t p>ts ( ! ,gospel & has 
made t5s ( ?\s&s n only believ]s 9 ,*ri/
 b witnesses = ,him4 ,x _h n1 h[ev]1 z  
mu* effect on ! man to :om x 0 orig9ally
 v\*saf$1 ?\gh x ought to h _h4         
,nicodemus ought to h be5 "o ( ! e>lie/ 
foll[]s ( ! ,"l2 & 8 position w\ld h    
br\ght weight to ! apo/olic circle4  ,b 
he hesitat$ & rema9$ a secret disciple4 

,on "o occasion1 inde$1 he spoke out3   
once1 :5 some?+ intol]ably unju/ 0 said 
aga9/ ,jesus 9 ! ,sanh$rim1 he int]pos$ 
! "q1 ,do? our law judge any man be=e x 
he> him & "k :at he doe?8  ,b ) ! angry 
answ]1 ,art ?\ also ( ,galilee8 he 0    
%\t$ d[n2 & he held 8 peace4 ,d\btless1 
l ,joseph1 he abs5t$ himself f ! meet+ (
 ! ,sanh$rim at :i* ,jesus 0 condemn$2 b
 ! inju/ice done 0 s flagrant t he 0    
ready to make a public prote/ aga9/ x4  
,he might n1 h[ev]1 h _h ! c\rage ( 8   
convictions1 _h n ,joseph %[n him ! way4
  ,yet ?is mu/ be prais$ 9 ,nicodemus1 t
 he 0 a gr[+ & improv+ man4  ,?\gh he   
hung back = a "t1 he came =w>d at la/2 &
 bett] late ?an nev]4  ,x 0 a happy h\r 
= him :5 he 0 br\ght into contact )     
,joseph4  ,!re are _m circles ( fri5ds  
:]e all are int]nally conv9c$ & lean+ to
 ! "r side1 &1 if only "o w\ld come     
boldly out1 ! o!rs w\ld will+ly foll[4  
,! h&s ( ,joseph & ,nicodemus met &     
clasp$ ea* o!r r\nd ! body ( _! ,r$eem]4
  ,!re is no love1 or fri5d%ip1 or      

fell[%ip l t ( ^? :o are unit$ to "o    
ano!r ?r\gh _! connection ) ,him4       
,,iii4  ,art has describ$ ! burial ( our
 ,"l ) great fulness ( detail1 draw+    
l>gely on ! imag9ation4  ,x has divid$ x
 into sev]al sc5es4#b  ,!re is1 fir/1 ! 
,desc5t f ! ,cross1 9 :i*1 besides      
,joseph & ,nicodemus1 ,/4 ,john at lea/1
 & sometimes o!r m51 are repres5t$ z    
extract+ ! nails & l[]+ ! body2 :ile    
b5ea? ! cross ! holy wom51 among :om !  
,virg9 ,m>y & ,m>y ,magdal5e are        
prom95t1 receive ! preci\s burd54  ,_m  
read]s w recall ! mo/ fam\s ( su*       
pictures1 t by ,rub5s 9 ! ,ca!dral at   
,antw]p--an extremely impressive b too  
s5su\s repres5tation ( ! sc5e ( busy    
affection--:]e9 ! corpse is be+ let d[n 
by means ( a great :ite %eet into ! h&s 
( ! wom51 :o receive x t5d]ly1 "o foot  
re/+ on ! %\ld] ( ! ,magdal5e4  ,!n !re 
is :at is call$ ! ,pieta1 or ! m\rn+ ( !
 wom5 ov] ! dead body4  ,9 ?is sc5e !   
holy "m usually holds ! head ( h] ,son 9
 h] lap1 :ile ! ,magdal5e clasps ,8 feet

 & o!rs clasp ,8 h&s4  ,next ensues !   
,procession to ! ,sepul*re2 &1 la/ (    
all1 !re is ! ,entombm5t1 :i* is        
repres5t$ 9 a great v>iety ( =ms4  ,on  
^! sc5es ! great pa9t]s h lavi%$ all !  
res\rces ( art2 b ! n>rative ( !        
,gospels is brief & unpictorial4  ,!    
,virg9 is n ev5 m5tion$2 &1 al?\gh o!rs 
( ! holy wom5 are said to h be5 !re1 x  
is n sugge/$ t !y help$ 9 ! lab\r (     
burial1 b only t !y foll[$ & m>k$ :]e   
,he 0 laid4  ,joseph & ,nicodemus are ! 
prom95t actors1 ?\gh x is reasonable to 
suppose t !y 7 assi/$ by _! s]vants2 & !
 soldi]s may h l5t a h& 9 dis5tangl+ !  
body4  ,x 0 9 a new sepul*re1 :i*       
,joseph _h _h hewn out ( ! rock =       
himself1 9 ord] t aft] dea? he might lie
 9 ! sacr$ %ad[ ( ! city ( ,god1 t ! ,"l
 0 laid4  ,no corpse _h ev] be5 plac$ 9 
x be=e4  ,?is 0 a great gift to give to 
an excommunicat$ & crucifi$ man2 & x 0 a
 mo/ appropriate "o2 = x 0 meet t ! pure
 & /a9less ,"o1 :o _h come to make all  
?+s new &1 ?\gh dead1 0 n to see        

corruption1 %\ld re/ 9 an undefil$      
sepul*re4  ,simil>ly appropriate &      
sugge/ive 0 ! new l95 clo?1 :i* ,joseph 
b\ght expressly = ! purpose ( enw9d+ !  
body4  ,nor 0 ,nicodemus beh9d 9        
affection & sacrifice4  ,he br\ght a    
mixture ( myrrh & aloes1 ab\t an hundr$ 
p\nd weight4  ,?is may appe> an enorm\s 
quantity1 b cu/om 0 v lavi% 9 su* gifts2
 at ! fun]al ( ,h]od ! ,great1 =        
example1 ! spices 7 c>ri$ by five hundr$
 be>]s4  ,! tomb 0 9 a g>d5--ano!r t\* (
 appropriat5ess & beauty4 ,! spot does n
 seem to h be5 f> f ! place ( execution2
 b :e!r x 0 z ne> z x is repres5t$ to h 
be5 9 ! traditional site may well be    
d\bt$4  ,! ,*ur* ( ! ,holy ,sepul*re    
includes )9 its prec9cts bo? ! ,"l's    
tomb & ! hole 9 ! rock 9 :i* /ood ,8    
cross2 & ! two are only ?irty y>ds      
ap>t4#c  ,b x is highly que/ionable :e!r
 ! id5tification ( ei!r is possible4    
,/ill1 ?is may be said to be ! mo/ fam\s
 bit ( ! entire surface ( ! globe4      
,*ri/5dom accept$ ! tradition1 :i* dates

 f ! "t ( ,con/ant9e1 & s9ce !n pilgrims
 h flock$ to ! spot f e l&4  ,x 0 = !   
possession ( ?is %r9e t ! ,crusades 7   
und]tak51 & at ! pres5t day ! ,*ur*es ( 
,*ri/5dom fight = a foot+ 9 x4  ,we may 
h no sympa?y ) ! practice ( pilgrimages 
& little int]e/ 9 ! id5tification ( holy
 places2 b ! holy sepul*re _c b attract 
! believ+ he>t4  ,x 0 a practice ( !    
piety ( =m] days to m$itate among !     
tombs4  ,! piety ( ! pres5t day incl9es 
to m *e]ful &1 let u hope1 n less heal?y
 ex]cises4  ,b e man ) any dep? ( nature
 mu/ l+] sometimes beside ! graves ( 8  
lov$ ones2 e man ( any s]i\sness mu/ ?9k
 sometimes ( 8 own grave4  ,& 9 su*     
mom5ts :at c be s helpful z to pilgrim 9
 _s to ! tomb ( ,him :o said1 ,i am !   
resurrection & ! life8  ,9 comp>ison ) !
 great ones ( ! e>? ,jesus _h b a humble
 fun]al2 yet 9 ! "* ( ^? :o did ,him !  
la/ hon\rs x c\ld n h be5 surpass$2 & x 
0 ri* 9 love1 :i* c well take ! place ( 
a great deal ( c]emony4  ,s at la/1     
/ret*$ out 9 ! new tomb1 :]e9 man _h    

nev] la91 enwrapp$ 9 an aromatic b$ (   
spices & brea!d r\nd by ! fragrance (   
fl[]s1 ) ! :ite l95 r\nd ,him & ! napk9 
:i* hid ! w\nds ( ! ?orns ab\t ,8 br[1  
:ile ! great /one :i* =m$ ! door /ood   
betwe5 ,him & ! _w1 ,he lay d[n to re/4 
,x 0 ev5+1 & ! ,sabba? drew on2 & !     
,sabba? ( ,8 life _h come4  ,8 "w 0     
complet$2 p]secution & hatr$ c\ld n rea*
 ,him any m2 ,he 0 :]e ! wick$ cease f  
tr\bl+ & ! we>y are at re/4    #a ,! mo/
 beautiful ?+ ev] said ab\t ! bodies ( !
 dead is 9 ! ,%ort] ,cate*ism3 ,& _!    
bodies1 be+ /ill unit$ to ,*ri/1 d re/ 9
 _! graves till ! resurrection4  #b ,on 
^! & simil> details see ,! ,life ( our  
,"l z exemplifi$ 9 ,works ( ,art1 by    
,mrs4 ,jameson 7complet$ by ,lady       
,ea/lake74  #c ,_m int]e/+ details 9    
,ross's ,cradle ( ,*ri/ianity4