file which includes the original illustrations4 ,see #bafdf-;h4htm or #bafdf-;h4zip3 7https3_/_/www4gutenberg4org_/dirs_/#b_/ a_/f_/d_/bafdf_/bafdf-;h_/#bafdf-;h4htm7 or 7https3_/_/www4gutenberg4org_/dirs_/#b_/ a_/f_/d_/bafdf_/bafdf-;h4zip7 ,transcribers note ,printer errors3 ,a number of printer errors have been corrected4 ,in addition1 some punctuation errors have been corrected1 but inconsistent hyphenation has been left as in the original4 ,table of ,contents3 ,the original had a ,table of ,contents only for ,part ,,ii 7page #abg71 and it omits one of the sections4 ,for the readers convenience1 a full ,table of ,contents has been provided after the ,preface4 ,,how ,,to ,,become ,,rich ,a ,treatise on ,phrenology ,choice of ,professions and ,matrimony4 by ,,prof4 ,,william ,,windsor1 ,,ll4 ,b41 ,,ph4 ,d4 ,phrenologist and ,anthropologist1 ,author of ,science of ,creation1 ,loma1 ,a ,citizen of ,venus1 ,etc41 ,etc4 ,brain is ,money2 ,character is ,capital2 ,knowledge of your ,resources is the ,secret of ,success4 ,third ,edition ,revised4 ,m4 ,a4 ,donohue ,company ,chicago ,new ,york ,copyright1 #ahih4 by ,prof4 ,wm4 ,windsor1 ,ll4 ,b4 ,all ,rights ,reserved4 ,made in ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 ,,preface4 ,the unremitting demand made by an indulgent and appreciative public for a printed edition of the lectures delivered by me in my professional capacity1 has furnished the motive for the publication of the present edition1 comprising the three most popular lectures of my usual course1 to mixed audiences4 ,the work has been prepared for the press hurriedly1 while under the strain of enormous professional and personal responsibilities1 and during the busiest season of a professional practice1 which already imposes the burden of fifteen hours per day of incessant labor1 which may account for any inaccuracies1 typographical or otherwise1 which may appear4 ,my lectures on ,sexual and ,creative ,science1 delivered to the sexes separately1 are now in course of preparation1 and will be given to the public in similar form as soon as practicable4 ,with the hope that this publication may serve to crystallize the doctrines ,i have so earnestly advocated in years past1 and that they may1 in this form1 reach thousands who have not been able to come under my personal influence1 in public lectures1 ,i am1 fraternally1 ,,william ,,windsor4 ,illustration3 ,,william ,,windsor1 ,,ll4 ,b41 ,ph4 ,d4 ,phrenology4 ,,ladies ,,and ,,gentlemen3-- ,in presenting the ,science of ,phrenology to you to-night1 ,i make one request1 and hope you will grant it as a personal favor to me1 that is1 that you will dismiss from your minds everything that you ever heard about ,phrenology and listen to my argument with your minds freed from the prejudices1 favorable or unfavorable1 that may have been created by other lecturers upon the subject1 for this reason3 ,there are1 ,i regret to say1 in our country1 a class of men lecturing upon ,phrenology1 who have never mastered even the rudiments of the science2 who have merely learned the location and nomenclature of the organs of the brain1 and who1 by flattery and cheap wit1 degrade this noble science to the level of mere bumpology1 until the average good citizen who has never investigated the subject has come to look upon the term ,phrenologist as signifying one who goes about over the country feeling the bumps on the heads of those who consult him1 looking for hills and hollows1 depressions and ridges of the cranium1 and predicating thereon a delineation of character4 ,it is my happy privilege to-night to disabuse your minds of this conception1 and to present ,phrenology in its true light1 and ,i bespeak from you the thoughtful consideration which an honest man may demand from honest thinking men and women in the investigation of a practical science4 ,i am always able to recognize in my audience1 three classes of persons4 ,i can tell them by their phrenological appearances whenever they are before me4 ,the first class is composed of those who have already tested phrenology and found it valuable1 who have studied the subject and appropriated its truths1 and before whom ,i need not argue its utility4 ,i shall be able to please the members of my audience who belong to this class1 and to lead them further in the paths they have already found pleasant and profitable4 ,i shall unfold some new truths and add to their store of valuable knowledge4 ,the second class is composed of that large number of intelligent persons1 in every community1 who have not investigated this subject1 who are willing to approach it in a spirit of candor and honest inquiry1 anxious to accept anything which is reasonable and good1 and equally intent upon rejecting that which is fraudulent and evil1 and ,i invite the careful criticism of this class2 and if1 in my exposition of this subject1 ,i announce a single proposition which will not bear the closest scrutiny2 if ,i say aught which conflicts with common sense or reason1 nay1 if you can find one single natural fact to militate against the principles which ,i announce as fundamental to this science1 ,i will be obliged to the gentleman or lady who will raise the question with me1 and ,i will either prove my position to the satisfaction of this audience or retire from the field forever4 ,illustration3 ,idiot4 ,the third class1 unfortunately1 are always with us1 but ,i do not expect to convince them4 ,they never were known to be convinced of anything4 ,you can easily learn to distinguish an individual of this class by the shape of his head4 ,here is one ,i carry for illustration4 ,he argues that the world is flat and does not revolve on its axis once in #bd hours1 because1 if it did1 the water would all be spilled out of the ,mississippi river4 ,life is too short to argue with this class1 and ,i can only promise them that before ,i leave this platform they will be in the same category that a fellow was once who went to a prayer-meeting slightly intoxicated and fell asleep4 ,toward the close of the meeting everybody began to get happy1 and the preacher called on everybody who wanted to go to ,heaven to stand up4 ,everybody stood up but our intoxicated friend1 who was awakened by the uprising4 ,then the preacher called on everybody who wanted to go to hell to stand up4 ,our friend by this time comprehended that something was before the house and staggered to his feet4 ,he took one look at the preacher standing at the other end of the church and said3 ,parson1 7hic7 ,i don't know what the question1 is 7hic7 before the house1 but you and ,i 7hic7 are in the smallest minority that ever ,i saw4 ,so it is with you1 my friends4 ,if you don't believe in ,phrenology when ,i dismiss you to-night1 remember that you are in the minority in this audience1 and a very small minority at that1 composed of unprogressive mossbacks and persons of small mental capacity1 and if you will call at my rooms to-morrow1 ,i'll tell you to which of these classes you belong4 ,in the study of scientific topics it is well in the outset to establish definitions4 ,i will1 therefore1 commence by looking our subject squarely in the face1 and establishing a concise definition of ,phrenology4 ,,phrenology is the science of intelligence4 ,it is derived from two ,greek words--,phren intelligence ,logos discourse or science4 ,but before we can properly understand this definition we must have a definition of the term ,science1 which is about as often misused as any word ,i know4 ,science is classified knowledge4 ,the word itself in its etymology signifies what we know about a particular subject4 ,and whenever we learn two facts about any subject1 and we differentiate and classify those two facts1 we have a science of that subject4 ,thus we have the science of ,astronomy1 containing the classified facts that intelligent observers have learned concerning the stars4 ,the science of ,mathematics1 a classification of knowledge concerning numbers1 and the science of ,phrenology1 which simply means the facts that intelligent observers have collected concerning intelligence1 classified and reduced to rules to serve a practical purpose4 ,before ,i leave this term ,science1 ,i wish to draw a distinction between a science and an art4 ,the science is the classified knowledge2 the art is the process of turning that knowledge to practical account4 ,the science of ,astronomy never discovered a star1 the science of ,arithmetic never computed the value of a fraction4 ,the sciences are merely icebergs of cold1 hard facts piled up in crystallized principles and rules4 ,art is the warm1 living application of these principles and rules to serve the needs of mankind4 ,the art of ,astronomy1 with the assistance of its handmaiden1 the art of ,mathematics1 astounds the world with its achievements1 and holds in one hand the balances with which it weighs the sun1 and in the other the chain with which it surveys the distance to the ,pleiades4 ,so with the ,science and ,art of ,phrenology4 ,the science is as absolute as ,mathematics4 ,in its principles there are no fallacies4 ,to its rules there are absolutely no exceptions4 ,the ,art of ,phrenology1 on the other hand1 is estimative1 and the results of its application will depend on the graces1 the gifts and the abilities of him who seeks to apply it4 ,as we have brilliant astronomers and poor astronomers1 as we have correct mathematicians and incorrect ones1 so we may have phrenologists whose discoveries and whose workmanship may command the admiration of the world1 those whose talents are of the order of mediocrity1 and those who blunder on all occasions4 ,you have had ,phrenology defined to you as the ,science of ,intelligence1 and you naturally ask for a definition of intelligence itself4 ,intelligence is the result of the radiation of magnetism from every object in the universe4 ,magnetism is radiated by different bodies in different degrees of intensity4 ,man is provided with seven distinct organs of sense1 which receive and interpret these radiations4 ,the lowest rate of vibration is received and interpreted by the sense of gender and the next stage by the sense of touch4 ,above that we have the senses of taste1 hearing1 sight1 smell and clairvoyance4 ,so that the human body is in reality a magnetic musical instrument of seven octaves1 each octave constituting a separate sense and each sense subdivided into seven degrees4 ,the radiation of magnetism from exterior objects strikes the human body in these different degrees of vibration and it is the ability of the body to receive these vibrations and of the brain to analyze them1 which constitutes the intelligence of the individual4 ,the absence of any organ of sense or the absence of any part of the brain needed in its analysis is accompanied by the corresponding absence or diminution of intelligence4 ,reasoning therefor from these premises it follows that by inspection of the organization of an individual and by careful examination of his organs of sense and brain capacity we are able to determine how much intelligence he possesses and in what direction it will be projected4 ,when we study its development and its deterioration1 its faculties and their manifestation1 we amass a glittering pile of brilliant facts2 we classify those facts1 reduce them to rules to serve the needs of the human race1 and we have the science of ,phrenology2 and when we apply those rules in the practical delineation of character1 we have the ,art4 ,in regard to ,phrenology being an exact science1 ,i have shown you that the distinction must be drawn between the principles of the science and the results of their estimative application4 ,the principles of the science are absolute4 ,in his application of them the examiner is hampered by the frailties and fallibilities of the human intellect1 just to the same extent that the skilled surgeon or the bright astronomer is subject to the same drawbacks4 ,would any sensible man decline the services of a skilled surgeon in the hour of need1 because surgeons differ in judgment1 or1 in some cases1 make mistakes4 ,astronomy is regarded as a wonderfully exact science because an eclipse can be computed one hundred years in advance to the fraction of a second1 yet astronomers differ in regard to the distance of the sun from the earth to the trifling extent of six million miles4 ,shall we therefore reject astronomy8 ,phrenology is not a fully-developed science4 ,i am glad it is not4 ,i would regret it if a bar should be set to the acquisition of knowledge upon this subject4 ,as long as human intelligence advances1 as long as the race improves1 as long as men have eyes to see and intellects to comprehend scientific facts1 ,phrenology will advance4 ,but when you ask me whether ,phrenology is sufficiently developed to be of practical value to mankind in its application2 when you ask me to compare its development with that of any other science1 ,i answer unhesitatingly that ,phrenology is the queen regnant of all sciences1 of greater value to the human race than all other sciences combined1 because it is the science of humanity itself4 ,greater than ,astronomy because humanity is worth more than all the stars that scintillate in the heavens4 ,greater than ,mathematics1 because humanity is better than numbers4 ,greater than ,geology and ,zoology1 as humanity is above the rocks and animals4 ,greater than ,theology1 because it teaches man to know himself1 instead of presumptively speculating upon gods and dogmas4 ,greater than all combined because ,phrenology bears upon her resplendent crown the jewels of knowledge1 virtue1 morality1 culture1 temperance1 wealth and progress1 and is pregnant with possibilities of good1 beyond the present comprehension of the human imagination4 ,and when you ask me if ,phrenology is developed in the number of practical facts at her command1 ,i answer1 that for every principle and rule of ,mathematics that are serviceable1 ,i will give you two in ,phrenology4 ,for every discovery in ,geology1 ,i will give you four in the domain of the mind4 ,for every fact in ,zoology1 ,entomology or ,botany that has been of value1 ,i will give you six in the science of humanity4 ,then you may begin to comprehend the appeal which ,phrenology makes to-night to your selfish interests4 ,i wish now to draw a distinction between ,phrenology and ,physiognomy1 because ,i don't believe ,i ever went into any community to lecture in my life1 that ,i did not hear some old fossil say that he believed in the science of ,physiognomy1 but he didn't take much stock in ,phrenology4 ,now ,i beseech you1 as friends of mine 7and after ,i have lectured to an audience for twenty minutes ,i always feel that ,i have so many friends in it that ,i am personally interested in the welfare of each one7 that if you have ever made that remark1 you will not expose your ignorance of scientific terms in that way again4 ,i'll excuse you for what you have done heretofore1 but if you make that remark after hearing my lectures1 ,i shall feel ashamed of you1 just as ,i always feel humiliated when any friend of mine makes a fool of himself4 ,,physiognomy is the science of external appearances4 ,the etymology of the word signifies the knowledge of nature derived from examination or observation4 ,we may speak of the physiognomy of a landscape1 of a country1 a state1 a continent1 or an individual1 and by that we mean the external appearance1 that which conveys a knowledge of the character of the object to the eye4 ,we judge the character of the thing by its appearances2 and in the relation which ,physiognomy bears to character-reading1 we judge the character of the man by the external appearances4 ,we study the size and form of the body1 its color1 its texture1 its temperament1 the expression of the face and the contour of the head1 all of which are physiognomical4 ,we draw certain conclusions from this inspection of the physiognomical signs1 and these conclusions are phrenological1 for every variation of color1 form or size indicates a corresponding variation in a particular kind or intelligence possessed by the individual4 ,physiognomy1 therefore1 is the grand channel through which we draw our phrenological conclusions1 and in this relation physiognomy forms a part of the grand science of ,phrenology1 inseparable from it1 and bearing about the same relation to it that addition does to arithmetic4 ,there are those who advertise themselves as delineators of character1 under the term ,physiognomists4 ,i believe that such persons do so because they lack the ability and learning to comprehend ,phrenology1 and are unable to combat the prejudices of the ignorant4 ,i have never seen a so-called ,physiognomist who was not an empirical mountebank of the purest stamp1 and who did not trim his sails to pander to the silly sentiment which ,i have just exposed4 ,the delineations of such persons are worse than valueless1 because they are pure guess-work4 ,they pursue a shadow while they reject the substance4 ,having thus established our definitions1 we may proceed to state the principles of ,phrenology4 ,and ,i believe that ,i can best do so by taking you through the successive steps of a phrenological examination1 and by thus practicing the art1 illustrate the science4 ,in forming an estimate of the character of any person1 the practical phrenologist proceeds upon the following physiological postulates1 which ,i shall not stop to demonstrate1 because they may be regarded as established facts upon which all physiological authorities are agreed1 viz3 #a4 ,the brain is the keyboard of the body and the central seat of intelligence4 #b4 ,the power of the brain depends upon the anatomical and physiological condition of the body which supports it4 #c4 ,the character of any object depends upon its physical attributes1 viz3 ,size1 weight1 color1 form1 texture1 density1 etc4 ,in applying these postulates to a delineation of character before we pass to an examination of the brain itself1 we must notice three great modifying conditions4 ,without taking these modifying conditions into account1 a correct estimate of brain-power is impossible4 ,and it is because these modifying conditions have been ignored by many professed teachers of ,phrenology1 and but poorly expressed by others who did recognize them1 that many eminent physiologists have condemned phrenology hastily1 as having no sound basis in physiology4 ,the exponents of ,phrenology are themselves to blame for this4 ,they have been too content to rest under the imputation of feeling heads for bumps4 ,they have not been sufficiently versed1 in many instances1 in physiological science to dare to debate the ground with high authorities4 ,i challenge the world to bring one single natural fact to militate against the principles here announced4 ,i will debate the question with any skilled medical1 legal or clerical authority1 and ,i claim1 without fear of contradiction1 that the world does not hold a head whose character will differ from that which ,phrenology ascribes to it1 when the developments of the brain are measured in the light of these modifying conditions4 ,when ,i was lecturing in ,indiana in #ahhe1 ,gov4 ,will ,cumback of that state1 propounded this question3 ,professor1 what would you do if you found a man whose head1 in the light of ,phrenological principles1 showed a certain character1 and you found on intimate acquaintance and positive proof that he1 in fact1 possessed a character radically different4 ,my dear ,governor1 ,i replied1 ,i would wait until the sun rose in the west1 and then watch to see what you would do and follow suit4 ,such men do not exist1 they never have existed1 and they never will exist until the order of nature is reversed4 ,these three great modifying conditions which must be taken into consideration before we estimate the brain itself1 are as follows3 #ast4 ,the ,state of the ,health4 #bnd4 ,the ,quality of the ,organization4 #crd4 ,the ,temperament of the ,constitution4 ,and we will consider them in the order named1 therefore first1 ,,the ,,state ,,of ,,the ,,health4 ,it is a great fact in the constitution of man1 that whatever affects the body1 affects the manifestations of intelligence1 and conversely1 whatever affects intelligence affects the body4 ,the body is the harp of a thousand strings1 manifesting its intelligence by different degrees of vibration4 ,if either the musician or his instrument is out of order1 the music will be discordant4 ,it is not necessary for me to argue that a man must be in perfect health to exhibit perfect mentality4 ,but as perfect health is the exception and not the rule1 we rarely find mentality even approximating perfection4 ,we are obliged1 in our estimate of the character of men1 to allow for various bodily infirmities1 in a word1 for the eccentricities of disease4 ,these diseases may be inherited or acquired since birth2 they may be acute or chronic in their stages2 they may be mild or malignant in type2 they may produce long1 continued illness1 terminating in death1 or they may be only what we call a temporary indisposition1 like that of the country boy1 who went to ,boston for the first time to see the sights4 ,as he wandered around he became hungry1 and1 entering a restaurant began to experiment with strange dishes4 ,he ate first a porterhouse steak1 then some fried oysters1 then a lobster salad1 a lot of pickles1 ice cream1 cake and bologna sausage1 drank a bottle of champagne and retired to his lodgings1 and dreamed that he was lying on ,boston ,common1 and that the devil was sitting on his stomach1 holding ,bunker ,hill monument in his lap4 ,if you eat an indigestible meal1 you are unable to perform good brain-work after it4 ,if you feed the body on material that will not nourish it1 the brain refuses to work4 ,if you are in the clutches of disease1 we cannot expect of you a high measure of brain-power2 in other words1 the manifestations of the mind are weakened by the disorder of its instrument1 the body4 ,the phrenologist1 therefore1 who essays to read your character1 must be able to trace the signs of disease in your appearance4 ,he must needs be an expert ,physiologist and ,anatomist4 ,he must understand ,pathology4 ,he must have the diagnosing skill to detect disease and allow for it in his estimate of your mentality1 or his delineation is worth less than nothing2 nay1 more1 he may do you a positive damage1 by advising you to adopt a course of life which would be disastrous to your constitution4 ,he must be able to do all this and do it rapidly and with precision4 ,never trust yourself under the hands of a professed phrenologist unless you are confident of his skill in estimating and diagnosing your physical condition4 ,,quality4 ,the second step in a phrenological examination is the determination of the quality of the organization4 ,perhaps there is no branch of the science of phrenology which has received such crude treatment at the hands of phrenological writers as this subject of organic quality4 ,many use the term interchangeably with temperament1 some confound it with temperament and hereditary disposition1 others recognize it as a distinct modifying condition2 but ,i know of no writer1 except myself1 who has yet attempted a classification of the subject1 or who has dared to recognize its importance as a modifying condition of character4 ,quality is the texture of organization1 and in this respect must be regarded entirely independently of temperament4 ,the latter is conceded to depend upon the preponderance or relative energy of some part of the system1 anatomically or pathologically2 but each of the conditions denominated as temperaments may exist1 with widely different manifestations of the peculiar conditions we describe as quality1 with a corresponding modification of the character of the subject in each case4 ,hence the necessity of a rational classification1 based upon the independent observation of these modifications of quality as a distinct subject1 in order to apply it as a distinct step in a phrenological examination4 ,the trees of the forest present distinct variations of quality1 depending on the texture of the wood4 ,the hickory is hard1 the ash is brittle1 the pine is soft1 etc4 ,an examination of the texture of the human organization will disclose variations1 different1 it is true1 but some times strikingly analogous1 and no less important in determining the fitness of the individual for particular purposes4 ,we determine quality by a critical inspection of the general contour of the body1 its relative size1 the adaptation of its parts to each other1 the color and grain of the skin1 the relative harmony of the features1 the relative brightness of the eyes1 the color and texture of the hair1 the movements of the body1 the tone of the voice1 and the rapidity of mental process4 ,to determine quality accurately may sometimes require a series of experiments on the individual1 and the success of the examiner will of course depend on his own acuteness of perception and judgment4 ,illustration3 ,jack ,langrishe4--,quality ,strong4 ,quality is1 7#a7 ,strong2 7#b7 ,delicate2 7#c7 ,responsive4 ,and conversely1 7#a7 ,weak2 7#b7 ,coarse2 7#c7 ,sluggish1 and in proportion as these elements unite to form an efficient and powerful organization1 we may speak of the quality as high1 or as we find them wanting1 we may call the quality low4 ,strong ,quality is exhibited by an organization harmoniously constructed1 full size1 compact and firm4 ,the limbs1 trunk and head are generally well formed1 the muscles firm1 the walk steady1 the carriage erect1 and the movements generally graceful1 but all indicating power4 ,the features of the face are strongly marked and prominent1 the lines well marked and the entire structure is definite and established4 ,a hair from the head of such an individual will be harder to break than another from an organization of different quality4 ,it will also be harder to pull from the scalp4 ,the grasp of the hand is steady and firm1 indicating muscular power4 ,the eyesight is good and the eye steady and clear1 well formed and powerful in range of vision4 ,if the perceptives are large it will be penetrating4 ,the skin is firm to the touch1 though the grain may be either fine or coarse4 ,the entire organization is built upon the principle of strength1 but the direction in which this strength will be applied will depend upon the temperamental conditions4 ,with the mental temperament well developed1 a strong mind will be manifested2 with the vital and motive temperaments1 strong physical and muscular functions4 ,the relative absence of this quality will be marked by corresponding weakness1 and although we may have a pronounced mental temperament1 the individual will exhibit but little mental strength1 and with a pronounced motive temperament he will be incapable of strong muscular action4 ,delicate ,quality is denoted by delicacy and refinement of structure4 ,it may or may not be co-existent with strength4 ,the strands of silk thread are fine and delicate1 but also very strong4 ,other substances are refined and delicate1 but possess little of the element of strength4 ,delicate quality in the human organization is accompanied by corresponding manifestations4 ,the texture of the skin is close grained1 delicate and soft4 ,the hair is fine2 the eye is clear and bright1 the features smooth and very harmonious4 ,the mental processes are brilliant1 facile1 rapid2 their depth and power1 however1 depending upon the combination of the element of strength with delicacy4 ,persons possessing delicate quality are very acute4 ,such persons are able to appreciate nice shades of thought and to cultivate the graces in an eminent degree4 ,they are adapted to pursuits requiring delicacy of the senses and acute perception1 such as music1 painting1 manufacturing of delicate articles1 etc4 ,in literature they display refined taste1 and the head is symmetrical and generally well developed4 ,those who are low in delicacy lack refinement and grace and should carefully cultivate these qualities4 ,the relative absence of this element entirely or proportionately unfits the individual for these mental processes requiring delicacy and acuteness4 ,he may possess a well-balanced organization as to temperament and cerebral development1 but without the element of delicate quality he will be utterly incapable of those mental processes requiring delicate shades of thought4 ,illustration3 ,sol ,smith ,russell--,quality ,responsive4 ,the individual who unites the elements of strong and delicate quality will exhibit both power and fineness4 ,he will be able to display more versatility of talent than the individual possessing the element of strength or delicacy alone4 ,those persons who have displayed great intelligence coupled with brilliancy1 have uniformly united both of these elements4 ,the element of ,responsiveness depends upon a certain sensitiveness of texture1 resembling the resonance of a well tuned musical instrument1 and a certain harmonious adjustment of parts which renders the individual capable of receiving a mental impression promptly and responding to its action4 ,persons possessing this quality have such delicate sympathy of the entire organization that the mental processes are exceedingly rapid1 and the physical manifestations are equally prompt4 ,the movements of the body are quick1 the brain is active1 the eye bright1 intelligent and keen sighted1 the expression of the face vivacious1 the voice musical1 the speech rapid1 and the individual often anticipates the thought of those with whom he converses2 if you hesitate on a word he will instantly supply it4 ,such persons are keenly sensitive to surrounding circumstances1 easily impressed1 and the entire organization seems to vibrate in unison with the impressions made upon it4 ,it is not uncommon to find this condition mistaken by observers for the nervous temperament of the pathological classification4 ,the true distinction lies in the fact that the latter is a diseased condition1 resulting in a super-sensitiveness of the nervous system1 while responsive quality exists in perfect health1 and is a perfectly normal condition of a character frequently resulting in great advantage to the individual1 and absolutely essential in many vocations4 ,it is indispensable to the musician1 the artist1 the poet1 etc41 and ,i depend upon it in estimating the capacity of my subjects for various professions and trades1 especially those involving the fine arts1 literature1 and many of the departments of merchandising4 ,illustration3 ,mme4 ,janauschek4 ,quality ,strong and ,responsive4 ,the absence of this responsive element is marked by a general sluggishness of all the mental and physical processes4 ,the movements of the body are slow1 and the brain1 while it may be capable of strong thought1 is correspondingly slow in action4 ,the individual does not yield readily to the strongest impressions1 and his conversation will be slow1 frequently tedious4 ,such individuals are incapable of doing anything in a hurry1 and when urged by others frequently become confused4 ,left to their own methods1 with plenty of time1 they are frequently capable of displaying great strength and delicacy of quality1 both in physical and mental manifestations4 ,the intelligent reader will readily comprehend that the best organization is that in which the elements of strength1 delicacy and responsiveness are harmoniously blended4 ,the relative predominance of each element will in all cases decide the particular class of purposes1 vocations1 professions or other pursuits to which the subject is best adapted1 other things being equal4 ,quality results from a variety of causes4 ,like all other personal peculiarities1 it is1 to a certain extent1 hereditary4 ,children are1 to a greater or less extent1 certain to inherit the quality of their parents and immediate ancestors4 ,but the inherited quality of offspring is subject to great modifications4 ,it is definitely established that the temporary condition of mind and body of the parents at the moment of conception1 materially affects the permanent quality of the offspring4 ,thus it is possible for parents to transmit to children a much better or much worse permanent condition of quality than they themselves possess4 ,observation also justifies the belief that children born of loving and affectionate parents surpass in quality those born of incompatible natures4 ,the occupation and surroundings of the parents at the time of conception1 and particularly the influences brought to bear upon the mother while the offspring is in utero1 produce a lasting effect upon the quality of the latter4 ,science has long since demonstrated the fact that every part of the human organization is susceptible to educational development4 ,quality1 like every other modifying condition1 is susceptible to development in either direction1 and the success attending an effort to develop either strength1 delicacy or responsiveness of quality in any given individual1 will in all cases be commensurate with the intelligence and vigor of the efforts expended to that end4 ,the study of quality being thus understood1 ,i introduce you now to the most beautiful study in the curriculum of human science1 the third step in the phrenological estimate of character1 viz43 ,,temperament4 ,by the term ,temperament1 is meant the preponderance in development of some element or system of organs in the body1 to such an extent as to give to the character a distinctive recognizable type1 a temper or disposition resulting from the predominance of some one element in the character which modifies and gives tone to all the rest1 resulting from its superior development4 ,as a matter of fact1 there are as many different temperaments as there are individuals1 no two individuals having the same constitution2 but science classifies them under distinctive heads1 as their developments are approximately the same1 or as their developments are in the same general direction1 regardless of exact degrees4 ,,electro-,,magnetic ,,temperaments4 ,,the ,,electric ,,temperament exists when electricity dominates over magnetism in the organization4 ,its characteristics are ,gravity1 ,receptivity1 ,darkness1 and ,coldness4 ,this temperament was formerly called the ,bilious or ,brunette ,temperament4 ,it is distinguished by dark1 hard1 dry skin1 dark1 strong hair1 dark eyes1 olive complexion1 and usually by a long1 athletic form of body4 ,it is remarkable for concentrativeness of design and affections1 strong gravity1 drawing power and cohesiveness1 strong will1 resolution1 dignity1 serious disposition and expression2 moderate circulation and coolness of temperature4 ,it is produced by a dry1 hot climate1 common in southern latitudes and almost universal in tropical natives4 ,persons of this temperament are better adapted to hot climates because electricity dominates over magnetism1 and they do not antagonize the climate by the radiation of magnetism1 but rather thrive on the magnetism which they absorb4 ,this temperament is closely analogous to the condition of tropical animals and birds4 ,,the ,,magnetic ,,temperament exists when magnetism dominates over electricity in the organization4 ,its characteristics are ,vibration1 ,radiation1 ,heat1 and ,light4 ,this temperament was formerly called the ,sanguine or ,blonde ,temperament4 ,it is distinguished by a light colored1 warm1 moist skin1 light colored or red hair1 fresh ruddy or florid complexion1 light colored or blue eyes1 rounded form of body1 often plump or corpulent1 large chest1 square shoulders1 indicating a very active heart and vital organs4 ,it is remarkable for versatility of character1 jovial disposition1 fond of good living and great variety1 changeableness1 activity1 and vivaciousness4 ,the temperature of the body is warm and the circulation very strong4 ,this temperament vibrates between great extremes of disposition1 develops great force of radiation and driving power1 and is universally characterized by warmth1 enthusiasm1 and high color4 ,it is produced by the climates of northern and temperate latitudes1 and is almost universal in the natives of extreme northern countries4 ,persons of this temperament are better adapted to cold climates1 because magnetism dominates over electricity1 consequently they produce more animal heat1 and are better able to endure the rigors of a cold climate4 ,the same general conditions are found to exist in birds and animals inhabiting northern latitudes4 ,,anatomical ,,temperaments4 ,the ,temperaments are also classed anatomically as3 ,,motive1 where the bones are large and strong and the muscular development is stronger than the nutritive or mental system4 ,persons of this temperament are active1 energetic1 and best adapted to out-door pursuits and vigorous employment4 ,,vital1 in which the nutritive or vital system is most active1 large lungs1 stomach and blood vessels1 and corpulent and plump figure4 ,persons possessing temperament are inclined to sedentary occupations1 and if the brain is large and of good quality1 are able to do an immense amount of mental labor without breaking down4 ,they should take systematic exercise and avoid fats and stimulating foods and drinks to obtain the best results4 ,,mental1 in which the brain and nerves are most active4 ,the body is not adapted to hard muscular labor1 and there is not enough vitality of nutritive power to nourish the brain in the heavy demands made upon it4 ,such persons incline to mental effort and literary work1 and for a time display great brilliancy1 but sooner or later collapse1 unless this condition is corrected1 by regular hours1 plenty of sleep1 the absence of stimulants and the cultivation of muscular and vital force4 ,this temperament is distinguished by a relatively large head and small body1 pyriform face1 high1 wide forehead1 and usually sharp features4 ,,chemical ,,temperaments4 ,there are three principal fluids which circulate through the body1 viz41 arterial blood1 venous blood1 and lymph4 ,as the blood passes out from the heart through the arteries it is strongly charged with magnetism and is very strongly acid in quality4 ,as it returns to the heart through the veins it has expended its magnetism and its acidity has been very much neutralized4 ,the lymph is an alkali fluid1 and it circulates through the lymphatic vessels as a reserve force of vital food4 ,the predominance of either of these fluids in the constitution greatly modifies the character and gives rise to the classification of the chemical temperaments4 ,as every cell in the body comes in contact with an acid and an alkali fluid1 we may1 by estimating the relative quantities of each fluid1 arrive at a very accurate judgment of the chemical condition of the body1 and these elements are also valuable in estimating the amount of magnetism that will be produced by the organization through chemical action1 as every cell by its contact with these fluids is constituted a magnetic battery4 ,,the ,,acid ,,temperament exists where arterial blood predominates4 ,it is distinguished by convexity of features and sharpness of angles4 ,the face is usually round in general outline and convex in profile1 the forehead prominent at the eyebrows and retreating as it rises1 the nose ,roman1 the mouth prominent1 the teeth convex in form and arrangement and sharp1 the chin round and sometimes retreating4 ,the body is angular and generally convex in outline1 with sharpness at all angles4 ,this temperament is usually accompanied with great activity of mind and vivaciousness of disposition1 and sometimes develops great energy and asperity4 ,it is very likely to exhaust itself prematurely4 ,,the ,,alkali ,,temperament exists where lymph is in excess over arterial blood4 ,it is distinguished by concavity of features and obliquity of angles1 or rather the absence of angles4 ,the face is usually broad in general outline1 and concave in profile1 the forehead prominent and wide at the upper part1 and medium in development at the eyebrows1 the nose concave1 the mouth retreating1 the teeth flat in form and arrangement1 the chin concave and prominent at the point4 ,the body is round and inclined to corpulency1 without angles4 ,this temperament is usually well stocked with vitality1 but unless actively employed is likely to become dull and overloaded with adipose tissue and lymph4 ,from the foregoing observations it is evident that the temperaments combine in each individual according to whichever temperament is found to predominate in these three divisions4 ,thus one man will have an electric-motive-acid temperament1 another a magnetic-mental-acid temperament1 another a magnetic-vital-alkali1 and so on through all the combinations which can be made from the seven elementary temperaments4 ,this blending when finally estimated constitutes the temperament of the individual4 ,the ideal condition would1 of course1 be a perfect equilibrium of the elements of each division1 in which case the individual would be said to have a perfectly balanced temperament4 ,,electricity is the genitive passion of ,space4 ,it is manifested by the states of gravity1 receptivity1 coldness1 and darkness4 ,,magnetism is the genitive passion of ,matter4 ,it is manifested by the states of vibration1 radiation1 heat1 and light4 ,the eternal affinities which exist between these conditions produce all the phenomena of ,growth4 ,,growth is the change which takes place in a structure in obedience to the law of conformity to the changes which take place in its environment4 ,man is the most complex organism known to this planet4 ,he stands at the end of a long line of development1 extending from the simplest form of mineral1 through the vegetable and animal kingdoms1 to his own position in the cosmos1 and embracing and including in his own structure a representation of every form below him4 ,but when this exceedingly complex structure is analyzed it is found to consist wholly of combinations of the simpler forms which existed before him4 ,in the light of a rational philosophy1 therefore1 we are forced to consider man as a creature of growth and subject to exactly the same natural laws as the objects which surround him4 ,any attempt to regard him as an exception results in the calamities which must always attend presumption and ignorance4 ,the well balanced temperament1 the temperamentum temperatum1 of the ancients is an ideal condition in which there is in fact no temperament1 all the organs of the body being perfectly in harmony1 and exhibiting no preponderance of one over the other4 ,many persons approximate this condition1 but it is difficult to find one in which it is so nearly attained as to make the proper classification of his temperament under the above heads a difficult matter4 ,however desirable such a condition may be from a purely physiological standpoint1 the fact remains that all great and powerful natures1 the men who have been the leaders in the battles of literature1 art1 science and war itself1 have had well defined and pronounced temperamental conditions of organization4 ,we have now fully demonstrated that in his scientific delineation of character the professional phrenologist depends upon something more than mere configuration of skull4 ,the great modifying conditions of health1 quality and temperament in every case give us the foundation of the character4 ,it will be seen1 some medical authorities to the contrary1 notwithstanding1 that the science of ,phrenology has a firm basis on the established principles and known facts of ,physiology and ,anatomy4 ,bearing these facts in mind we will now proceed to the discussion of the scientific principles governing the phrenological examination of ,,size ,,and ,,configuration ,,of ,,brain1 or the theory of the localization in different organs of the brain of the corresponding faculties of the mind4 ,,the ,,brain is the key-board of the body4 ,it is an error to claim that it is the exclusive organ of intelligence4 ,the brain performs substantially the same function for the body which the key-board does for the piano1 or which the central office of the telephone system performs for its various subscribers4 ,magnetism received from the exterior of the body is transmitted to the brain where it produces a result4 ,this result in turn is transmitted to various portions of the body4 ,properly1 therefore1 intelligence is distributed over the entire body and the amount of intelligence which any individual possesses will be found to be in exact proportion to the size and quality of his body and the perfect adaptation1 coperation and adjustment of its parts4 ,the brain is an oval mass of soft tissue which completely fills the internal cavity of the skull4 ,it is composed of two substances1 a white fibrous substance which forms the internal portion and a gray1 cortical tissue which forms the external layer4 ,this gray substance lies in folds or convolutions1 the furrows or sulci1 dipping deeply into the interior of the brain4 ,illustration3 ,brain with ,skull ,removed4 ,it is found by dissection that the brain of an intellectual man exhibits a larger number of convolutions than one of small intellectual calibre1 and that the convolutions are deeper and the layer of gray substance thicker1 and in consequence of the increase in number and depth of convolutions there is a wider expanse of surface as well1 for the distribution of gray matter4 ,hence the relative proportion of gray matter in different brains has come to be regarded by physiologists as a test of mental power4 ,many idiots have large and well formed brains but the convolutions are shallow and few and the gray matter small in quantity and extent of surface4 ,physicians often ask me how ,i can estimate the relative quantity of gray matter in a living head without cutting into it4 ,i refer them to the study of quality and temperament which ,i have clearly expounded in this lecture4 ,do you ever find hickory leaves growing on a pine tree8 ,show me the bark of a tree and ,i'll tell you the quality of the wood within2 show me the skin1 the hair1 the eyes of a man and ,i'll tell you the quality of every organ in his body as well as the quality of the brain4 ,i recently astonished the superintendent of an insane asylum by pointing out to him that the quality of the hair1 the eyes and the skin of idiots was essentially different from the quality of those of more highly endowed persons1 and could be told in the dark by a person of educated sensibilities4 ,the quality and texture of the brain being determined1 the next step is the consideration of its size4 ,other things being equal in all natural objects1 size is the measure of power4 ,by the term other things in relation to the brain1 we mean temperament1 quality and health4 ,this simple principle explains why a great many people who carry large heads are endowed with but little intellectual power4 ,their heads are filled with sawdust1 in other words1 a brain of poor quality1 supported by a feeble body1 or vitiated by excessive temperamental conditions4 ,men who carry small and misshapen heads are often brilliant in certain directions1 and this limited brilliancy in special lines causes them to be spoken of by superficial observers as men of great ability and apparent exceptions to the phrenological rule4 ,the fact remains1 however1 that in no case is comprehensive greatness ever exhibited in a head of small dimensions4 ,illustration3 ,small ,head4 ,brilliant in ,observation1 ,deficient in ,reflection4 ,large size of brain1 accompanied with robust health1 high quality and good temperamental conditions1 gives the highest phase of powerful mentality and comprehensive greatness4 ,small size of brain1 with poor health1 low quality and erratic temperamental conditions gives the lowest form of mentality and constitutional inferiority4 ,between these two extremes we may find every conceivable modification and form of human character according to the various combinations of normal and abnormal conditions4 ,size of brain then is a measure of power when judged by an enlightened understanding of physiological1 anatomical and pathological conditions4 ,the phrenologist goes one step farther and asserts that size of brain in any particular region1 judged by the same standards of comparison1 is an indication of local power4 ,illustration3 ,criminal4 ,illustration3 ,philosopher4 ,every portion of the body is created for a specific function4 ,you never see with your ears1 you do not taste with your eyes1 you do not walk with your teeth4 ,there is no waste in nature4 ,every part has its special duty to perform4 ,the part of the brain which lies in front of the ears has a different function from that which lies behind them4 ,the parietal lobes of the brain are not placed in the skull for the same purposes which the frontal and occipital lobes represent4 ,every fibre has its function1 every convolution its purpose4 ,all that remains for us to do is to compare known forms of heads and note the coincidence of character exhibited by similar developments and the divergences of character accompanying diverse developments4 ,in the past century these observations have been sufficiently successful to locate the general functions of the external portions of the brain which are situated so that observation and comparison are possible4 ,forty-two general organs are now located with definite certainty1 and these have been subdivided with sufficient accuracy so that there are over one hundred localized centres of cerebral development which can be accurately measured and their mental power determined to the advantage of the individual and the benefit of society at large4 ,the brain is double4 ,it is divided into two hemispheres by the falx cerebri1 a partition which follows the middle line of the skull4 ,each hemisphere contains one organ pertaining to each faculty of the mind4 ,the size of each organ is estimated1 not by feeling for bumps or depressions1 but by measuring the length of the fibres of the brain from their common center in the medulla oblongata1 at the head of the spinal column1 and at a point equi-distant from the ears in the interior of the head4 ,from this common centre the fibres of the brain range horizontally and upward in all directions like the branches of a tree4 ,development of brain fibre laterally gives a wide head1 longitudinally1 from the medulla oblongata to the forehead and to the occiput1 a long head4 ,development upward raises the crown2 and ,i have in my collection skulls which show by actual measurement a relative difference of over three inches in development of brain fibre to certain localities of brain surface4 ,viewed in the light of these facts and principles as here expounded1 the phrenological position is established1 and the childish objections of those who sneer at this beautiful science1 fall crumbling to the dust4 ,the last great fact to be considered is this3 ,exercise of any portion of the body develops it1 enlarges it and adds to its strength4 ,disuse weakens1 paralyzes and ultimately destroys4 ,this rule applies to all parts of the body1 and to the brain more particularly because the nervous tissue of which the brain is composed is more rapidly used up and renewed than any other portion of the body and hence more susceptible to change4 ,phrenology solves all problems of education and enables every individual to develop a symmetrical and well formed brain1 and with it a harmonious character1 by pointing out those portions that are deficient and those that are strong1 and thus enabling him to secure a really well trained mind4 ,by memorizing the different organs and their functions1 particularly those in which you are marked as excessive or deficient1 and by practicing the observation of your daily conduct and learning to analyze it phrenologically1 i4 e41 to note those occasions when deficient faculties have failed to act1 and when predominating faculties have caused you to act hastily or contrary to good judgment1 you will soon become painfully aware of your true faults1 and by a conscientious action of reason and exercise of self-control will be able to correct them4 ,in the same manner predominating talents may be tested and proved and you will rejoice in the birth of new aspirations1 hopes and impulses1 in a word you may be1 by means of this science1 placed in full command of your mental powers and learn to control and direct them as the skillful engineer controls and directs his locomotive4 ,concede the fact that these differences in form1 quality1 temperament and health mean anything1 and all that we claim for ,phrenology follows logically and as a matter of course4 ,in the light of this demonstration of known facts1 it follows that character can be read1 and if read1 then it can be assigned to the position of its best usefulness in the profession1 trade or avocation suitable to the employment of the talents demonstrated to exist4 ,if ,phrenology gives the index to your character1 as we have proved it does1 then it also forms the key to the solution of the problem of matrimony by describing the character which will harmonize with yours in congenial companionship1 financial success and the improvement of offspring4 ,it likewise is a trusty guide in the formation of business relations as partners1 employers or employees1 and directs us in the choice of associates1 teachers or companions in social life4 ,it gives to the anxious parent the knowledge of inherited and acquired talents in cherished darlings of the household1 and in every relation of life2 at every moment of existence it is an advantage1 a comfort1 an assistance1 a thing of beauty and a joy forever4 ,in this lecture1 ladies and gentlemen1 ,i have demonstrated the theory of ,phrenology4 ,to-morrow night and on each of the succeeding nights of this course1 ,i shall give you practical applications4 ,to-morrow night ,i shall lecture on the ,choice of ,professions and ,trades1 illustrating to you the qualities that insure success in ,law1 ,medicine1 the ,ministry1 ,journalism and ,teaching1 in ,manufacturing and the various ,mechanical ,trades1 as well as the qualifications for ,commercial ,life in its various departments1 wholesale and retail4 ,i shall follow with my celebrated lecture on ,matrimony1 in which ,i shall expound the principles upon which a correct marriage may be consummated1 securing amiable association1 perfect offspring and financial success1 after which ,i shall separate the sexes and continue the subject of matrimony in its physiological relations1 under the head of ,sexual and ,creative ,science4 ,illustration3 ,the ,phrenological ,location of ,faculties and ,organs of the ,brain4 ,choice of ,professions and ,trades1 ,,or ,,how ,,to ,,become ,,rich4 ,,ladies ,,and ,,gentlemen3 ,every young man and woman of reasonable intelligence is1 or ought to be1 possessed of a laudable ambition to be self-sustaining4 ,to win a competency1 to secure the necessities1 to have even the luxuries of life1 is perfectly praiseworthy1 provided they are obtained in a legitimate manner4 ,every rational man seeks the occupation1 trade or profession which ensures the profitable employment of his best talents1 and the science which discloses to the youth at the beginning of his education what those talents are and how they may be developed to perfection in early manhood1 and in what profession1 trade or occupation he will display the greatest ability1 confers upon him the greatest favor within the gift of knowledge1 from a financial standpoint4 ,that ,phrenology does this1 and more1 it is the purpose of this lecture to show4 ,the world is apt to measure a man's success by the amount of money he accumulates4 ,that is properly one element of success1 but it is not all4 ,the real criteria of a man's success in business are1 #ast1 the volume and quality of his work2 #b;d1 the compensation he receives for it2 and #c;d1 the pleasure he derives from it4 ,illustration3 ,pugilist4 ,illegitimate4 ,business is legitimate or illegitimate4 ,a legitimate business contributes to the welfare of society1 as well as to the support of the individual who follows it4 ,the cobbler who mends shoes and the genius who builds a steamship are equally legitimate1 though one contributes only to the comfort of a country neighborhood and the other promotes the welfare of a continent4 ,both may be successful within the limits of widely different capacities4 ,an illegitimate business promotes temporarily the financial interests of the individual at the expense of the health1 morals and wealth of the public4 ,in my public and private examinations ,i have directed thousands of young men and women into channels of legitimate business4 ,the fact is1 there is such a tremendous demand for skilled labor in all departments of legitimate employment that it is difficult to find material to fill it4 ,we hear much of the warfare between capital and labor1 and strikes frequently paralyze the channels of legitimate trade1 but the cause of the difficulty lies not in any real or imaginary conflict between capital and labor4 ,the solution lies in the fact that every branch of legitimate labor is burdened with incompetent workmen1 men who are in wrong occupations1 who were never intended by nature for such work as the branches of trade they infest1 and the skilled workmen are obliged to carry the load2 while capital is often in the hands of those unfit to be trusted with its use1 who manipulate it merely as the instrument of oppression and wrong1 until the social discord is produced4 ,if men were all graded to their proper vocations1 if capital were entrusted only to those of financial skill1 and labor1 in its various departments1 assigned to those of proper qualifications1 every man would be employed at a fair remuneration1 and the burden of pauperism would fall from the backs of our skilled workmen4 ,there are too many men in the learned professions who would do better at the forge and on the farm4 ,there are preachers who ought to be blacksmiths1 and lawyers who would look better and feel better hoeing potatoes4 ,there are those at the anvil and the plow who can succeed better in literature and art4 ,illustration3 ,lawyer4 ,young man1 it is infinitely more to your credit to be a successful blacksmith1 if that is in accordance with your endowment1 respected by everybody within a radius of twenty miles because you can shoe a horse better than anybody else1 than it is to be starving in an attic as a briefless lawyer1 or lounging about the country as a minister of the gospel1 eating yellow-legged chicken at the expense of the sisters1 when you have no ability to preach4 ,illustration3 ,minister4 ,whether a man will be able to do good work1 to receive lucrative compensation and to derive pleasure from any occupation1 will depend on the amount and kind of sense that he possesses4 ,phrenology measures the amount of sense displayed by each man's brain1 determines the kind and quality of his intelligence1 and thus estimates his ability in any given trade or profession4 ,if the brain were a single organ1 every man would have the same kind of sense1 and men would differ only in the quality and amount of intelligence4 ,but ,phrenology proves that the brain consists of a number of organs1 each one representing a different variety of intelligence1 a different sense1 so that we find men varying in volume of brain and amount of intelligence1 in the quality of brain and consequent quality of intelligence2 and also in the relative development of the different organs of the brain1 showing diversity of character in the kind of intelligence or sense1 displayed by different individuals4 ,thus two men may have the same relative volume of brain1 similar in quality1 and supported by good constitutions1 but widely different in development of the organs of the brain4 ,one may be a gifted orator and astute lawyer1 but utterly unable to comprehend colors or use the pencil and brush4 ,the other is a talented artist but so deficient in language that he cannot describe his own pictures4 ,both are successful in their proper vocations1 reverse their positions and ignominious failure is the result in both cases4 ,illustration3 ,capable4 ,to constitute a success in any business a man must have capacity1 that is1 he must have enough of intelligence to meet the demands of the business1 and he must have physical strength to support it4 ,a man may have apparently the kind of sense required by a branch of business1 and for a time display ability in it1 but as the business increases1 and its demands become more in volume and intensity1 he fails because he has not enough of comprehensive intellect to take it all in4 ,there are also those who have comprehensive greatness of intellect1 who are fully capable of understanding all the requirements of a business1 but who fail because the body beneath the brain is not sufficient in endurance and nourishment4 ,dismal failures result1 and many useful lives are shortened1 because men make the mistake of entering vocations for which they have insufficient mental or physical capacity4 ,a phrenological examination determines beforehand the capacity of the individual and establishes a proper limit1 within which he finds success1 health1 happiness1 and the gratification of proper ambition4 ,on the other hand there are many who do not realize how much their capacity is1 and consequently remain inert to the great deterioration of body and mind4 ,nature demands that every man should use his full capacity1 and the phrenological examination which reveals to an individual the extent of his usefulness is a magnificent acquisition to him who acts upon it4 ,action is the natural condition of every part of man4 ,action develops character1 strength and health4 ,inaction results in paralysis and disease4 ,it is vitally essential that every man should find out his capacity and use it all--no more1 no less4 ,this1 ,phrenology enables him to do4 ,illustration3 ,incapable4 ,the question of capacity being thus understood1 the next is the quality of organization4 ,quality is the inherent grain or texture of the substance4 ,men differ in quality as much as do the trees of the forest4 ,you do not use the hickory or the oak for the same purposes that you do the pine or the poplar4 ,there are differences also in the grain of metals1 in the texture of fabrics4 ,gold differs essentially from iron as silk does from flax4 ,men display an infinite variety of quality1 from the strong lumberman of the pine forests1 with his corded muscles and angular frame1 to the delicate young man who presides gracefully over the ribbon counter in the dry goods store4 ,to illustrate this topic of quality3 ,riding on the cars one day ,i noticed a gentleman sitting near me and asked him the rather impertinent question1 whether he had not been engaged for many years in handling delicate machinery4 ,ah1 said he1 smiling1 you are a ,phrenologist4 ,yes1 sir1 ,i replied1 we have evidently sized each other up4 ,now1 before ,i answer your question1 said the gentleman1 tell me why you asked about delicate machinery4 ,several men of your profession have approached me with similar questions about machinery4 ,there is evidently something in my head which betrays that2 but tell me why you drew the distinction in favor of delicate machinery8 ,why1 my dear sir1 ,i replied1 you are a delicate piece of machinery yourself4 ,you would not harmonize with anything else4 ,your bones are small1 your eyesight microscopic1 your fingers tapering1 your touch as delicate as a woman's1 your quality is delicate4 ,you are not the man to handle heavy bars of iron1 to repair locomotives1 or to build threshing machines4 ,i should say1 sir1 that watches would be about right for you1 certainly nothing heavier than sewing machines and type-writers4 ,you are quite right1 sir1 said he1 ,i have been a watchmaker for twenty years4 ,the quality of the man determines the quality of the work he should do4 ,the strong1 coarse1 sluggish organization is adapted to occupations requiring power and momentum4 ,the refined1 delicate1 responsive character will succeed best in positions calling for agility1 dexterity and sensitiveness4 ,the blacksmith may ruin a watch if he attempts to mend it1 while the jeweler would not be a safe man to shoe a valuable horse4 ,there is an eternal fitness of things4 ,the occupation of an individual should be in harmony with his temperament4 ,the brilliant versatility of the magnetic permits a greater variety of selection to the individual than the positive and concentrative energies of the electric temperament4 ,the latter is dignified1 sombre and severe1 with a ready inclination to forego comfort and convenience to carry out a cherished object4 ,it works1 not better than the magnetic but more willingly4 ,men of the magnetic temperament succeed best in the cultivation of the social graces1 the fine arts1 and in those departments of literature that call for brilliancy of imagination1 versatility of talent and variety of accomplishment4 ,the leaders of great and successful armies1 the powerful statesmen and the literary men of the world1 distinguished by fervid genius and concentrative application1 have been on the other hand strongly endowed with the electric temperament4 ,when the motive temperament is in the ascendency1 the character is marked by an almost uncontrollable desire for physical exercise4 ,this temperament demands activity of body as well as brain1 and the occupation should be such as will combine both4 ,the vital temperament on the other hand is more inclined to sedentary habits1 and is capable of doing an immense amount of mental work without breaking down4 ,it seems to thrive best when loaded with responsibilities of a mental character4 ,the mental temperament on the other hand will display great brilliancy of intellect and versatility of talent1 but is in constant danger of a physical collapse unless constantly subjected to conditions favorable to recuperation4 ,to subject a person of the delicately organized and sensitive mental temperament1 for a long period of time1 to the hardships and privations of an occupation requiring exposure and severe muscular exertion is the height of cruelty and folly4 ,a person of the extreme vital temperament1 under the same conditions1 would find life a weary burden1 though a limited experience in muscular exercise1 under conditions favorable to health1 would be beneficial to both4 ,on the other hand1 the motive temperament1 confined in an office or room to books and study1 with insufficient exercise1 is in much the same condition of misery as a caged bird4 ,temperament1 quality1 and capacity having been duly considered1 the ability of an individual in any given direction1 depends upon the special development of the organs of the brain4 ,the special sense of each individual is determined by an examination of the special organs of the brain4 ,and it is upon this special development1 in the case of every man1 that his prerequisites for success depend1 namely1 the ability to do much good work1 the remuneration for his services1 and the pleasure derived from the occupation4 ,i desire to call your attention to some examples of special ability1 which are familiar enough to the experience of most of you to be accepted without argument4 ,there are those who are gifted in the sense of touch above their fellows1 who can judge of the quality of goods in the dark4 ,there are others blest with penetrating eyesight4 ,others with a sense of hearing most acute4 ,also those with nice discriminating sense of taste and smell4 ,these distinctions for a long time were regarded as the five senses of man1 and he was believed to have only those five avenues of perception4 ,phrenology1 however1 subdivides these and adds others1 vastly increasing the number of the sources of knowledge and the springs of human action4 ,a great many cases of defective eyesight1 so called1 are in reality defective brain4 ,the mechanism of the eye may be perfect1 the retina and the optic nerve may faithfully perform their duties1 but if the brain behind the eye be defective1 the comprehension of the object or some of its properties is lost to the intelligence of the individual4 ,some people are color blind4 ,their eyes are good enough1 but they don't see colors2 they comprehend no difference in the shades of different colored objects exhibited to the view4 ,at the same time they fully comprehend the size1 form1 distance1 etc41 of the object4 ,an examination discloses the fact that they are deficient in a portion of the brain just behind the middle of the eyebrow4 ,give such a man every material and brush of the painter and request him to paint a landscape and the result will be a daub4 ,he has no sense of colors1 he has no fitness for that kind of work4 ,at the same time he may be entirely capable of a very creditable performance in drawing a picture with a pencil in white and black because that does not involve his weakness4 ,this particular element of sense may1 like all others1 be only partially defective1 but an examination by a competent phrenologist will disclose its exact state1 whatever it may be4 ,i once examined a man and remarked to him that he was thoroughly endowed with the qualities essential to a good locomotive engineer1 except that the organ of color was slightly deficient4 ,i remarked1 ,you will never experience the slightest inconvenience in distinguishing switch-lights and signals when you are in good health and sober1 but a slight indigestion1 or a glass of liquor1 decreasing the power of your brain1 would render your vision of colors unreliable and might cause a wreck1 hence ,i advise you to keep out of the business4 ,the man was a railroad engineer1 and admitted that he could generally distinguish colors without difficulty1 but that his color sense was lost1 under the conditions ,i described4 ,those who are large in the organ of color1 are artists in its appreciation1 for the simple reason that they have more sense in this particular direction4 ,on the other hand1 color may be large1 but appreciation of form1 size1 etc41 may be deficient4 ,the individual may try to paint a picture and get the colors all right1 but if form is deficient his figures will be grotesque in their absurdity2 or he may have good sense as to form and color1 and get the sizes of his objects all wrong4 ,mechanical skill depends in a great measure upon these ,perceptive ,faculties1 as they are called3 that is1 those portions of the brain that comprehend and give the ideas pertaining to the properties of material objects1 such as individuality1 form1 size1 weight1 color1 etc4 ,the trained eye and hand of the blacksmith are alike directed by these faculties of the mind acting through these organs of the brain1 as he moulds a piece of iron to the proper size and form to fit the horse's foot4 ,what folly then to expect good work1 in a blacksmith shop1 of a man deficient in these special senses requisite in that department of work2 and as we study all trades and professions we shall find that aptitude in any line depends on the possession of superior development of the organs of the brain representing the faculties of intelligence most used and depended upon in that business4 ,there are those who are wonderfully gifted in the organ of calculation1 the seat of the special sense of the number of things4 ,one who has this organ large will be able to count rapidly and correctly1 to add1 subtract or multiply1 and he understands the relation of numbers to each other1 their properties1 and because of his superior sense in this direction he becomes a lightning calculator and is regarded as a mathematical prodigy4 ,there are others who have this sense deficient1 but they may be superior in development to the mathematical prodigy in a dozen other faculties4 ,one may be developed in those organs which contribute to talent for music4 ,he may have a sensitive organization1 highly responsive in quality1 a fair intellect1 such an exquisite sense of time and tune1 aided by good ,constructiveness1 ,imitation and executive ability that he is able to produce music which charms the listening ear of thousands4 ,if this talent is discovered in time1 and he has adequate instruction and advantages1 he becomes a magnificent success4 ,place him in the counting room1 the work-shop1 or on the farm and he is not in harmony with his surroundings1 he is awkward and inefficient1 he does poor work and but little of it1 and he is regarded by his associates as an inferior person4 ,illustration3 ,musician4 ,some men are wonderful in their ability to comprehend machinery1 and in dexterity in the use of tools1 the special sense represented by the organ of ,constructiveness4 ,they seem to be perfectly at home with a piece of new and complicated machinery in five minutes1 while others will work on the same thing for hours1 growing more and more bewildered1 and exhibiting little or no mechanical genius whatever1 literally making a botch of everything they undertake4 ,when ,i was lecturing in ,austin1 ,texas1 in #ahhg1 several gentlemen came to see me and asked if ,i would be willing to submit to a test4 ,they said1 ,we have a man in this city who is unquestionably a genius in a certain direction1 and we would like to call him out for a public examination and see if you can locate him4 ,i urged them to do so1 at the same time remarking that that was the kind of a man ,i liked to get hold of4 ,that night when ,i called for nominations1 ,mr4 ,geo4 ,p4 ,assman was immediately elected4 ,he came forward1 and as ,i measured his head ,i said1 ,this man is a genius as a machinist4 ,he has only ordinary ability in other directions1 but as a machinist he is a marvel4 ,he has thoughts on machinery far beyond the comprehension of other men1 and especially in the practical handling of complicated work4 ,somebody in the audience sung out at this point ,you've got him1 and the audience broke into applause4 ,they then informed me that he was a most celebrated locksmith and machinist whose specialty was opening combination locks on valuable safes when the combination was lost by the owners1 or when the works were injured by the blasts of burglars4 ,on one occasion he had opened a safe in ,new ,orleans in a few minutes when the trained locksmiths of the safe factory had worked for hours and failed4 ,he was in the right business1 was regarded as a genius1 and was respected and admired by a whole section of the ,united ,states simply because he employed his best element of sense4 ,some men have wonderful intellectual development and are specially gifted with the ability to acquire knowledge1 but they may be most wonderfully deficient in that kind of executive force which makes use of it4 ,they are largely developed in the frontal lobe of the brain where the intellectual organs reside1 but are deficient in the regions of moral and physical energy2 while others are largely endowed with ambition1 physical and moral energy1--the parietal lobes are large and the head rises high in the crown1 and they are able to use all the knowledge they acquire4 ,their intellectual capacity may be limited1 but they are able to put their knowledge to account1 and what gems of information they possess are made to glitter by constant use4 ,men of the first class are always rated at less than their true value of intellectual ability2 those of the second class at a greatly over-estimated premium4 ,the first may be compared to capacious barns where knowledge is stored like hay to become musty because it is never used4 ,i have seen hundreds of boys of this character1 graduate with great honor in college 7where the only criterion applied was the capacity to absorb knowledge as a sponge does water71 only to be eclipsed in after years by the boys who graduated at the foot of the class1 who were practically in disgrace on ,commencement day4 ,in our popular public school and collegiate system1 there is too much stuffing of knowledge1 and too little attention given to developing the practical sense of the student4 ,there are special senses which give physical and moral energy1 ambition and industry4 ,one man is splendidly equipped with knowledge and is thoroughly posted in regard to how a business should be conducted in all of its practical and theoretical details1 but he is afflicted with inertia1 he does not move4 ,the unscientific observer says he is lazy1 and that is true1 but ,phrenology analyzes even laziness and finds that it is caused by a lack of sense4 ,develop the organs of physical and moral energy1 which can be easily done1 and the character of the man becomes transformed1 and he becomes a cyclone of business push and executive ability4 ,another man may be gifted with energy1 but deficient in knowledge and business tact1 and he wastes his force in tremendous efforts at the accomplishment of small matters4 ,he puts as much mental force into opening a can of oysters as would suffice to destroy a building4 ,figuratively speaking he loads a cannon to kill a mosquito1 the result is a great waste of energy and vitality4 ,by proper cultivation of knowledge1 and adaptation to pursuits employing his splendid energies with large enterprise1 a character of this description is brought into harmony with the eternal fitness of things4 ,illustration3 ,physical ,energy4 ,there are men endowed with the sense which gives appreciation of values and the knowledge of property to such an extent that they are artists in the manipulation of finances4 ,they accumulate fortunes1 and the world admires their accomplishments2 and one who has less of this world's goods is accustomed to wish that he had as much sense as ,vanderbilt or ,gould4 ,the fact may be1 that he has more sense in the aggregate than either1 but it is not the same kind of sense4 ,other things being equal1 the man with large ,acquisitiveness will exhibit more sense in acquiring property1 and the man with large ,caution and ,secretiveness more sense in economizing1 than those having these organs small4 ,it is curious to observe the different phases of financial sense in different individuals4 ,one man will be a miser1 eager to get and anxious to hold property2 another will be close and cautious in taking care of the property he inherits1 but will exhibit no special ability in increasing his riches2 another displays great ability in making money1 but spends it lavishly2 while still another may show indifference to the acquisition of property or the care of it4 ,all of these various combinations ,i have delineated correctly with utter strangers1 in thousands of instances4 ,they all depend on the development of the various organs of special sense1 and a man may be educated at any period of life1 so as to correct his financial sense and make him more successful in accumulating and holding property4 ,some men are good collectors1 while others fail to exact their just dues4 ,one man will dun his debtors with a persistence and regularity1 and with a force and dignity which compels payment even from those who wish to avoid it2 while another will be diffident1 and often suffer the most humiliating emotions in presenting his demands--in fact1 often failing to exact payment from those who are perfectly able and willing to meet the account4 ,others are careless about paying their debts1 and lose financial standing in the community by neglecting their dues1 without any desire whatever to avoid payment1 while others are punctilious in financial matters to the greatest degree4 ,all of which variety of financial dispositions are the result of development of special combinations of brain organs1 and susceptible to material modification by proper influences4 ,it is as absolutely essential to the success of the man of commerce that he should be well developed in the organs which give the financial instincts1 as it is that the artist should be developed in those which give a sense of artistic effect4 ,hundreds of men go into bankruptcy every year because of deficient development in this respect1 being crowded to the wall by the superior strength of men of greater business sagacity4 ,it cannot be too strongly impressed upon the young business men of this country that the true road to fortune is in a correct knowledge of adaptation in business and in constantly educating the financial senses4 ,in my written delineations of character ,i furnish every applicant with a careful analysis of his business adaptation1 showing the exact condition of his financial instincts1 as well as all others4 ,i have also composed directions whereby deficient organs may be strengthened by special mental exercises1 and ,i claim that the financial sense can be developed and strengthened as well as any other part of man's nature2 and in no part of my professional work have ,i met with more satisfactory results4 ,i once examined an utter stranger1 and as ,i proceeded1 ,i said1 ,you should never enter mercantile life1 sir1 with your present development4 ,you would be bankrupt within a year1 because you would trust everybody1 and you cannot collect your small accounts4 ,the gentleman1 in great surprise1 asked me if ,i knew anything of his past history personally4 ,no1 sir1 ,i never saw you nor heard of you until you entered my room a moment ago4 ,he then informed me that he had failed in business three times1 because he could not collect his small accounts1 and that he had over #aejj due him in the city--small items against respectable customers that he had not succeeded in collecting4 ,now1 sir1 he continued excitedly1 ,i want to know why that is and how you can tell it4 ,i explained to him his deficient organs1 and gave him my special rules for the cultivation of financial ability2 and after instructing him1 ,i told him to try some of his most collectable accounts according to my rules4 ,i remained in his town a few days longer1 and before ,i left he called on me with a list of over six hundred dollars' worth of claims he had collected1 and he was jubilant4 ,there6 said he1 that is what your examination and chart has been worth to me4 ,and by persistently following my instructions he developed into a very good collector4 ,a man may be entirely idiotic in the sense which gives the desire for property and the impulse to acquire it 7,acquisitiveness71 while he exhibits excellent sense in other directions4 ,i once examined a gentleman of high intellectual development who was entirely destitute of this sense1 and ,i remarked to him that he was financially worthless1 that he had no sense of value1 was indifferent to the acquisition of property and utterly unable to make a living1 as he would not be able to ask for money that was due him from a friend who was perfectly willing to pay him4 ,he replied1 ,all you say is true1 sir2 my wife supports the family by sewing and washing1 and ,i am unable to command any financial resources whatever4 ,subsequently ,i employed this man1 as a matter of charity1 to do some work for me1 and returning to the city from a brief absence1 ,i found that ,i owed him five dollars4 ,i met him on the street that night and he informed me that his family were suffering for the necessities of life4 ,said he1 ,it was a scramble at our house this morning to get anything for breakfast1 and ,i don't know where the next meal is coming from4 ,my first impulse was1 of course1 to pay him the money ,i owed him1 but ,i restrained it and waited to see if he would ask for it4 ,he poured his tale of woe into my sympathizing ear for twenty minutes1 and finally turned away and left me without his dues4 ,as he walked away1 ,i called him back and said1 ,look here1 my friend1 do you know you are a fool8 ,oh1 yes1 ,professor1 ,i found that out long ago4 ,but on what particular point do you find me a fool to-night8 ,don't you know that ,i owe you five dollars8 ,yes1 sir4 ,why didn't you ask for it8 ,i don't know1 he said in a dazed sort of way1 ,i simply couldn't2 ,i came to you for it2 ,i told you my circumstances hoping you would pay me1 but ,i couldn't ask you for it4 ,and he could not4 ,his case was an extreme one2 but there are many in the same position4 ,the simple fact is1 he did not have financial sense enough to ask for it4 ,i gave him his money and told him if he needed more to come to me and ,i would help him further1 and ,i did2 but the best thing ,i did for him was to instruct him in the development of financial sense1 and ,i got him far enough along1 to enable him to ask for money when due him2 but it would be a hopeless task to undertake to make a financier out of such a man4 ,i also examined his oldest boy1 and finding that he had inherited his father's weakness1 ,i gave him and his mother special instruction for the development of financial ability4 ,two years later1 when ,i visited the same city1 ,i found him supporting his mother and the younger children from his own wages2 and his mother brought her entire family to me for written examinations1 and ,i found them well dressed and well fed2 and the mother1 with an expression of gratitude ,i shall never forget1 informed me that the splendid financial energies of her son1 were entirely due to the faithful performance of my instructions4 ,and as she paid me a handsome fee for my services1 and ,i looked upon her happy family1 ,i felt that the gratuitous examination ,i had given the boy two years before had borne good fruit4 ,i could multiply instances to prove the existence and working of each of the various special senses of the individual1 represented by the phrenological organs1 but ,i assume that the foregoing are sufficient for the purposes of the present lecture4 ,it is a common mistake of parents to suppose that if a child has a special endowment of sense in any particular direction1 it will manifest such strong inclinations in that direction1 that these natural inclinations may be taken for a guide4 ,sometimes this is true1 but oftener it is not the case1 so that the natural inclinations of children are by no means safe guides in the choice of a profession1 occupation or trade4 ,when the circus is in town1 the natural inclination of every healthy boy is to be a clown or bareback rider1 but it does not follow1 that if his inclinations are gratified1 it is the best course he can pursue4 ,some of the most magnificent talents1 on the other hand1 lie dormant until they are carefully called out and trained by the teacher4 ,there are also periods in the life of every boy and girl when new faculties seem to be awakened1 and for a time engage the entire attention2 and the watchful parent is apt to mistake one of these periodical outbreaks for the manifestation of a talent deciding the destiny of a child4 ,at one period of a boy's existence he may manifest great fondness for tools and working in machinery2 at another1 for music2 at another1 for trading and merchandizing2 while comparatively dormant may lie a masterly ability to grapple with the problems of philosophy and science1 which in later years marks him as a genius in literature and scientific investigation4 ,sometimes a talent manifests itself at an early age1 but the parent does not realize its scope and value1 or the full character of the child1 and he is placed in an occupation far inferior to his actual merit1 or the measure of his capacity4 ,a father brought his son to me exclaiming with pride1 ,this boy is a genius1 and ,i am going to make a first-class carpenter of him1 unless you can suggest something better1 and prove that he has talent for it4 ,he can take a pen-knife and a board1 and carve out anything he may desire to make4 ,he certainly has a genius for mechanical work4 ,yes1 ,i said1 this boy will make a first-class carpenter2 he will succeed well in carving boards and in doing delicate joining1 and as a foreman1 or as the owner of a planing mill1 he will make a good living2 his wages may run up to five or ten dollars per day2 but such an occupation is beneath his capacity4 ,this boy has1 in addition to his mechanical genius1 a wonderful endowment of intellectual ability and scientific proclivities2 and if you will send him to a first-class medical college and make a surgeon of him1 his mechanical skill will have a higher field to display itself and he will carve men at fifty dollars per day4 ,the old gentleman hadn't thought of that1 but he wisely acted on my suggestion1 and his boy is to-day one of the brightest young surgeons in the state in which he lives1 and he carves men1 instead of boards1 at higher prices4 ,the ability to command a high grade of compensation for labor of any kind depends largely upon a man's own confidence in his skill1 and his ability to perform work rapidly1 as well as skillfully4 ,a factory which can turn out double the quantity of work of its competitor1 will secure the best contracts and give the greatest satisfaction4 ,in the same way1 a man who can do double the quantity of work done by a fellow-workman will1 if his labor be equally skillful1 be regarded as worth three or four times as much as his slower competitor4 ,the pride and dignity attached to superior accomplishments doubles the value of the service4 ,the best man in any department of work commands his own price1 and people are willing to give him the full margin of profits4 ,the best surgeon is always demanded when human life is at stake2 the best lawyer when property of great value is involved in litigation4 ,and when a man knows that he is the best in his department of work1 whatever it may be1 he has that confidence in himself which will enable him to exact good wages4 ,as long as a man realizes that he is inferior1 his work is at a discount and he himself deficient in dignity and self-confidence4 ,an old darkey1 who was famed for his skill as a butcher1 was employed by a stranger to slaughter a hog4 ,the service being well performed1 ,pompey demanded five dollars in payment4 ,five dollars6 gasped the astonished owner of the pork1 for slaughtering one hog6 outrageous6 ,no1 sah1 said ,pompey with dignity1 ,i'se only charged you one dollar for de work1 sah4 ,de balance am for de know how4 ,it is absolutely essential1 in order that one may rise to eminence in a profession1 trade or occupation1 that he should select one where he can use his best faculties2 because he will be rated as a successful man1 a man of mediocre talents1 or a complete failure1 according to the amount of sense displayed by the faculties he uses in his business4 ,if a young man has an excellent talent for music1 an ordinary degree of ability in mathematics1 and none in regard to art1 he will be a success in the orchestra2 he may make a precarious living as a book-keeper2 but if he starts a photograph gallery1 he will disgust his customers and prove a dismal failure4 ,in the first1 he will be respected and admired2 in the second1 tolerated2 in the third1 despised4 ,in my professional experience ,i have met thousands of men who were admired and respected as master-minds1 because they were using strong faculties1 the best they had1 and the world gave them more than their dues1 because they were ranked in mentality at the grade of their strongest faculties1 and their weaknesses were overlooked1 hidden in fact by the brightness of the few talents they did possess and use to advantage4 ,i have examined thousands of men of equal ability who were regarded as very ordinary1 because they were in walks of life which called forth only the inferior elements of their characters4 ,i have examined thousands of others of equal ability1 and many of magnificent endowment1 who were limping1 staggering and blindly groping down the dismal path of despair1 because they were depending on their weakest elements1 and the world despised and judged them unjustly1 because they were ranked in mentality at the grade of their weakest faculties--their virtues and talents hidden by the fact that they were never used4 ,it has been my happy privilege to place them1 for the first time1 in possession of the true estimate of their elements of strength and weakness1 and to direct them with the absolute certainty of success into paths of usefulness1 prosperity and enjoyment4 ,i might confer a favor upon you1 by giving you a letter of introduction to some rich and powerful friend of mine who could aid you in your business1 but ,i confer a greater favor upon you when ,i give you my written delineation of character4 ,it is an introduction to yourself4 ,for the first time you are made acquainted with your own character4 ,there it stands in bold relief2 your talents and how to make the most of them2 your faults and how to correct them2 your adaptation in business1 analyzed in such a manner that every business qualification is described and the reasons given why you will succeed4 ,you are not left in the dark concerning the matter4 ,the business is stated and the reasons given1 and the reasons you can test seriatim before you go to any expense in making a change1 or in qualifying yourself for the business4 ,the enjoyment that a man gets from his business is a legitimate part of the profits4 ,it is also one proper criterion of success4 ,a man may accumulate a bank account1 but if it is done at the expense of the enjoyment of life1 if every task is a burden1 and every day's work a monotonous round of dreary duties1 he is no better than a slave4 ,when he uses the strongest faculties of his nature the result is constant gratification4 ,the use of weaker elements is always at the expense of extra effort and pain4 ,the muscular woodsman enjoys the exercise of chopping1 and swings his glittering axe with dexterity and pride4 ,put a college professor at the same task1 and he would be clumsy and suffer fatigue and mortification as well1 if he escaped without injury to his shins4 ,but in his school-room the professor would display dignity1 enjoyment and skill in expounding some intricate problem to admiring pupils4 ,the skillful musician becomes identified with his instrument1 and thrills with the melody evoked by his own fingers4 ,the trained accountant becomes wonderfully gifted in mathematical computation1 and enjoys his work in like manner4 ,the accountant might find the work of the musician an impossibility1 and what little he did accomplish1 a vexation2 while the confinement of the counting-room1 with its prosaic duties1 would be the worst form of slavery for the musician1 his work inferior1 his capacity limited1 his situation intolerable but for the meagre salary it might afford4 ,a bank president called on me with his son1 requesting an examination for the latter4 ,as he came in1 ,i saw that he was in a bad humor4 ,said he1 ,this boy is a fool4 ,if you can find any talent in him you will succeed better than ,i have4 ,my desire is1 that he should occupy a position in my bank and ultimately become cashier4 ,our present cashier is a first-class business man and can add up four columns of figures at once1 and ,i have sent this boy to several business colleges with the request that he be taught the same accomplishment4 ,i have spent seven hundred and fifty dollars on this boy's mathematics1 and he can't add up one column of figures with any certainty of being correct4 ,if there is any sense in him1 ,i would like to have you find it4 ,i examined the boy carefully1 and ,i did not find an idiot4 ,i said1 ,sir1 you are doing this boy an injustice4 ,he has but little mathematical sense1 it is true1 and he will never be able to add more than one column of figures with speed and correctness4 ,nature intended him for something different from a bank cashier4 ,give this boy a good violin1 place him under competent instructors1 spend seventy-five dollars on his musical education and he will display such magnificent talent that you will be willing to continue4 ,the old gentleman arose in wrath1 and stamped out of the room1 and said he didn't want any fiddlers in his family4 ,the next day1 however1 he came back and apologized4 ,said he1 ,i suppose it is better for the boy to be a good violinist than a poor accountant2 at all events1 ,i've failed so far1 and ,i'll try your advice to the extent of seventy-five dollars2 if he displays talents as a musician1 he shall have the best instruction money can obtain4 ,he kept his word1 and placed the boy in a musical conservatory under first-class instructors1 and before the seventy-five dollars was expended1 the boy was the pride of the institution4 ,he led his classes2 graduated with first honors2 is to-day the leader of a first-class orchestra and a professor in a leading conservatory2 commands better compensation than any accountant in the city1 and has an entree into the best society at all times by reason of his accomplishments4 ,he stands to-day a king among his fellows because he is using his strongest faculties4 ,but the best of it lies in the fact that he enjoys his profession2 his position is one of dignity and pleasure4 ,whether he stands before audiences at the head of his orchestra1 in the drawing rooms of elite society1 or in the solitude of his study1 his brain vibrates with the harmony of his own grand usefulness4 ,i have a friend who holds the position of first book-keeper in a leading bank1 and he is master of the situation because he is able to add four columns of figures at once with absolute accuracy4 ,he commands a first-class salary for first-class work1 and it is pleasurable to watch the pride1 the dignity1 and the evident enjoyment with which he performs the duties of his station4 ,on one occasion ,i went into the bank to settle an account of long standing1 and at the request of the cashier1 my friend1 the book-keeper1 made out the account and added it up in his usual quick way4 ,the cashier1 being desirous of preventing any possible mistake1 said1 ,mr4 ,b----1 will you please add that up again and see that your figures are correct4 ,the book-keeper was insulted4 ,the idea that he might make a mistake was not to be tolerated4 ,with an expression of lofty dignity that ,i shall never forget1 he handed back the account without looking at it1 saying1 ,the account is correct1 sir4 ,and as the cashier laboriously added it one column at a time he found that it was4 ,the book-keeper was master of the situation1 and he was able to humiliate anybody who dared to question his work4 ,and as ,i saw his satisfaction in the discomfiture of the cashier1 ,i said to myself1 ,verily the enjoyment of a man's business is a legitimate part of the profits4 ,the enjoyment of my own business is a large share of the profits4 ,i enjoy lecturing1 and ,i enjoy examinations1 because ,i know when ,i examine a head that ,i know more about it than the man who wears it1 and that what ,i am about to say will do him more good than anything he ever heard in his life if he will heed it4 ,and when some young man comes up to me in ,texas1 and shakes hands and thanks me for something he heard me say in a lecture in ,california1 and another shows me his prosperity in ,colorado1 and draws out a chart ,i made for him in ,missouri1 telling him to enter that business1 ,i enjoy it4 ,and when ,i examine some diffident young lady and encourage her to learn accomplishments and show her the occupation she should follow1 and years later ,i find her succeeding in all of them and developed into a grand self-sustaining woman1 a mighty power for good in her neighborhood1 ,i enjoy that4 ,and when ,i give my professional sanction to the marriage of some brave young man and beautiful young woman1 and later ,i find them surrounded by superb offspring1 a good home and every indication of prosperity1 and ,i see that the beauty of the wife has not faded1 and that the husband is stronger and braver and more tender than he was1 ,i enjoy that4 ,commercial reports show that only a fraction over two per cent4 of business enterprises are successful4 ,the rest are failures because they are managed by men who do not possess the kind of sense required4 ,the question presents itself to every young man and woman at this moment3 ,will you be a success1 or will you join the long1 dismal procession of failures8 ,if you really desire to succeed1 you should first find out the true measure of your abilities4 ,my delineation of your character is the surest guide1 because it is the estimate placed upon your capacity1 your quality1 your temperament1 your special development of sense1 by an impartial friend1 a skillful critic1 guided by the light of science and a conscientious regard for your welfare4 ,in coming to me for examinations1 come prepared to know the truth4 ,i am not here to flatter you1 nor am ,i here to ridicule or abuse your weaknesses4 ,i have for many years enjoyed a magnificent practice1 gained by strict candor and honesty with my patrons1 who have long since learned that ,i spare no pains to know the facts1 and knowing them ,i fear no consequences in relating them as they are4 ,i will tell you every element of your character as nature and circumstances have combined to develop them4 ,i will not flatter you1 but ,i promise you that ,i will find more good in you than you have ever found in your own organization1 and ,i will tell you how to turn that good to the best practical account4 ,i will describe your business qualities1 and analyze them1 showing you how to improve and correct them2 and if you are in the proper business already1 this knowledge will enable you to develop more perfect usefulness and strengthen your confidence for the future4 ,if you are not in the right profession1 trade or occupation1 the sooner you find it the better1 and make use of your opportunities4 ,i will tell you the very best you can do1 and prove it to you by reasons seriatim1 and convince you that it will be as natural for you to succeed in that business as it is for a cork to swim1 and for the same reason1 because the law of nature commands that it should be so4 ,brain is money1 character is capital1 knowledge of your resources is the secret of success4 ,i wish to say a word to the ladies at this point4 ,in this lecture ,i have used the term man in its generic sense1 as the old preacher did when he announced that his congregation numbered two hundred and fifty brethren1 and then qualified it by remarking that the brethren embraced the sisters4 ,phrenology discloses the fact that women have as many varieties of temperament1 quality1 capacity and size and special development of brain organs1 as men4 ,every woman as well as every man is endowed with a certain line of talents1 and when she enters her proper vocation she succeeds at it1 no matter what it may be4 ,women have succeeded wherever men have1 as rulers1 as leaders of armies1 as physicians1 lawyers1 in the world of commerce1 in the shop1 the factory1 and on the farm4 ,there is a great deal of bosh written and spoken about woman's sphere4 ,the proper sphere of every individual man or woman is in that line of work for which nature intended them1 and for which they are endowed with the proper development of brain and brawn4 ,and1 ladies1 when you come to me for examinations ,i shall be just and honest enough to tell you where you belong2 and if ,i can find you something which will take you out of competition with the ,negroes and ,chinamen ,i shall certainly do so4 ,to parents1 also1 ,i wish to say that this is the opportunity you must not neglect4 ,you have no right to bring children into the world unless you are willing to promote their welfare and give them the best opportunities to enjoy whatever nature has endowed them with1 in the nature of talent4 ,do not allow the trifling cost of an examination to stand in the way of obtaining this priceless knowledge1 which will enable you to direct their growing minds into the channels which promise so much of usefulness1 so much of health1 happiness and financial prosperity4 ,some parents have an idea that children are too young to be examined1 and they make this excuse at every age1 from one month to twenty years4 ,they seem to doubt our ability to impart valuable information about a child until the character is developed4 ,they lose sight of the true object of an examination1 which is to determine in what direction the child shall be developed4 ,the parent is often the architect of the child's fortunes1 but what would we think of an architect who waited until the building was completed before he planned it8 ,when the character is developed1 according to the idea of these people1 the greatest advantage of an examination has been lost4 ,we can tell the youth of twenty-one1 or the business man of forty1 what his talents are1 and how they may best be employed1 and how they may also be improved to the extent of that limited development which can be made after maturity by persistent effort2 but in the case of the young and growing child the information given in time1 is a thousand fold more valuable1 because it is in that formative1 plastic condition where it is like the clay of the potter in the hands of the skillful parent or teacher4 ,and when parents ask me how young a child may receive the benefits of an examination1 ,i answer as soon as you are able to bring them to me1 the younger the better2 and when you reflect upon the fact that more than half the children die in infancy1 the value of competent phrenological advice may be appreciated4 ,in thousands of cases ,i have warned parents of predispositions to disease in their little darlings1 and enabled them to avoid the conditions which1 in the absence of my advice1 would have certainly destroyed the health and life of the little ones4 ,moreover1 at an early age a defect may be easily overcome1 which at a later period would ripen into a permanent deformity1 such as defects of vision1 color blindness1 defects of speech1 stammering1 stuttering1 lisping1 defects of walk1 and every other defect caused by a deficient development of brain organs4 ,to know with scientific accuracy the special talents of an individual in early youth1 is to make his fortune4 ,without this knowledge much valuable time is lost by parent1 teacher and pupil in useless experiments4 ,with the knowledge which ,phrenology imparts1 intelligently acted upon1 the development of a strong mind1 sound body1 brilliant accomplishments1 splendid talents and successful business1 is an assured fact1 and the youth enters upon his early manhood fully equipped with everything which will enable him to accomplish a vast volume of good work1 achieve financial success1 and enjoy that happiness which can only come to the successful man4 ,our rooms are open from #aj o'clock ,a4 ,m4 until #f ,p4 ,m4 ,the reception room opens at #i1 for the accommodation of those who wish to come early and be first served4 ,take your seat in the reception room1 and ,i will reach you as rapidly as ,i can4 ,i never hurry my work at the expense of thoroughness1 and when ,i have a subject under my hands ,i tell him everything which will do him good1 no matter how many others may be waiting4 ,when it comes your turn you may expect the same courtesy4 ,but ,i never waste time1 and if you desire to ask any questions please have them written down1 and ,i will answer them promptly and correctly4 ,while you are in the reception room you will be elegantly entertained1 and when ,i reach your case you may expect the best results which scientific knowledge1 careful examination1 lucid explanation1 and a fraternal interest in your welfare can give4 ,to-morrow night ,i lecture on the soul-absorbing topic of ,matrimony1 at the conclusion of which lecture ,i shall examine several young ladies and select husbands for them from the audience4 ,matrimony ,illustration ,,ladies ,,and ,,gentlemen3-- ,as ,i stand committed1 before the public1 as the originator of a system of ,matrimonial ,selection and ,creative ,science1 you have a right to demand of me that ,i shall present to you to-night a statement of something practical that will stand the test of your criticism4 ,and ,i desire to say1 in the outset1 that in this lecture ,i shall endeavor to lift my subject above the plane in which it is ordinarily treated4 ,i don't believe ,i ever announced a lecture on ,matrimony1 that ,i did not detect the ripple of a smile on the face of my audience1 as if they regarded the whole subject as a huge practical joke1 something wonderfully funny1 on no account to be considered seriously4 ,marriage is in fact a serious and a scientific problem1 the solution of which may well engage the attention of the most profound intellects1 and may well engage yours1 because in its proper solution is embodied the advancement of society1 the happiness of its members--nay1 more1 the salvation of the race itself2 and yet it is1 of all questions1 most neglected4 ,young ladies and gentlemen reach maturity and marry without the first rudiments of knowledge in regard to the importance of the relation2 in most cases in absolute ignorance of all the great physiological facts pertaining to conjugal selection and improvement of offspring1 with little or no knowledge of the characters of either themselves or their consorts4 ,the result is1 what might be expected1 a fruitful harvest of misery1 crime1 pauperism1 disease1 and death4 ,occasionally circumstances produce a happy combination1 and the result is a reasonably correct union in spite of ignorance2 but such cases are so rare that they are like oases in the desert1 and the subject of universal admiration and comment when they occur4 ,the most casual observer notes1 that unhappiness is the rule in the married state1 and conjugal felicity the exception4 ,a recent discussion of the question1 ,is ,marriage a ,failure8 has brought out so many exhibitions of domestic misery that society is startled into a serious consideration of the question at last4 ,it is my purpose to show1 in this lecture1 that there is a sensible solution of this great problem4 ,that whenever we bring to bear upon this question the same amount of scientific thought and reasoning common sense1 that we display in all things pertaining to financial values1 the results would be fully as satisfactory4 ,i plead for ,investigation2 ,i ask for ,knowledge2 ,i beg for ,candid ,thought and ,scientific ,experimentation4 ,when ,i was lecturing in ,kansas1 some years ago1 ,i had occasion to visit an old friend1 a wealthy farmer1 who had an interesting family of seven very marriageable daughters4 ,and in conversation with me1 the old gentleman expressed himself as greatly concerned about their matrimonial prospects4 ,knowing that ,i was investigating the scientific bearings of matrimony1 he said to me1 that if there was any light which ,i could throw upon the subject1 which would aid him or his daughters in the selection of suitable husbands for them1 he would consider himself under obligations to me for life4 ,but1 said the old man1 sadly1 it's no use1 marriage is a lottery anyhow4 ,if you draw a prize1 well and good2 if you draw a blank1 you must make the best of it4 ,you may lecture from now until doomsday and it won't do any good4 ,when they fall in love1 they're going to marry1 and they won't listen to reason4 ,well1 my friend1 ,i replied1 ,i should regret to have to entertain or express the opinion of your daughters that you have just uttered4 ,if ,i did so1 ,i should consider you entirely justifiable in ejecting me from your premises4 ,it is an insult to the intelligence of your daughters to assert that they would not display sense and reason in the selection of a husband1 as in anything else1 if they had any knowledge upon which to act4 ,let me ask you a few questions which will prove my position4 ,i want to buy a valuable horse1 could your daughters aid me in the selection of the animal8 ,oh1 yes1 exclaimed my old friend1 with evident pride1 my daughters know all about horses1 sir4 ,they have broken the most unruly colts that were ever raised on this farm4 ,they can tell whether a horse is most suitable for draft1 speed or breeding purposes1 as soon as they look at him4 ,they can tell how much it will take to feed him1 and how far he can travel in a day without injury4 ,my daughters are accomplished horsewomen1 sir4 ,good1 ,i answered1 valuable knowledge1 sir1 for young ladies to possess1 especially if they expect to become farmer's wives4 ,i also want to buy a valuable farm1 could your daughters aid me in the selection of the property8 ,certainly1 sir1 said the old gentleman1 warming up with the subject1 my daughters have been instructed in all that pertains to scientific agriculture4 ,they can not only select a good farm1 from practical experience1 but they have had scientific1 theoretical training as well1 under competent teachers4 ,they can analyze the soil and tell you its chemical constituents1 and they know what kind of soil is suitable for every crop you can name4 ,capital1 sir2 ,i rejoice to know that your daughters are so well informed1 and have had such excellent instruction and advantages4 ,i now wish to select a good man1 can your daughters aid me now8 ,ah6 said my old friend1 sadly1 ,i see1 sir1 that you have us all at a disadvantage on that question4 ,my daughters have been neglected in that branch of education1 and with my sixty years of experience1 ,i must also admit that ,i am incompetent to aid either you or my daughters in the selection of a man4 ,here is the solution of the whole question4 ,while the human race is interested in everything pertaining to literature1 the arts1 manufacture1 commerce1 religion1 and science1 the welfare of the race itself has been sadly overlooked4 ,and the admission of my old farmer friend can well be made by all of you4 ,and what ,i said to him in concluding our conversation1 ,i now say to you4 ,you have spent many hours in instructing your children in all that was desirable in literature1 art1 science1 commerce1 and religion4 ,you have surrounded them with educational advantages2 but you have neglected to instruct them on this vital topic of matrimony4 ,you have treated it lightly or with indifference4 ,you have left them in ignorance of the great social and physiological facts which surround it2 and then you wonder when they marry upon blind impulse1 and you call it lottery4 ,of course1 they can't display judgment when they have no facts to exercise judgment upon4 ,and you feel offended when your child marries contrary to your advice1 when you have been exposing your ignorance to that child ever since it was able to comprehend anything4 ,you set yourself up as an authority on this question1 when your youngest baby is fully alive to the fact that you are a total ignoramus in regard to it4 ,for my part1 ,i admire the spirit of the young man or woman who1 realizing the discouraging failure of the old folks1 starts out on a new line in obedience to one of nature's impulses1 independent alike of paternal wrath or criticism4 ,if such a one will consult the dictates of science in shaping and directing the impulse1 the marriage will be much more likely to be happy1 than those formed in deference to parental wishes1 which1 in a majority of cases1 we regret to say1 are dictated by merely prudential if not sordid reasons4 ,before we discuss the main issue of our subject to-night1 it may be interesting and instructive to ask3 ,why do people marry1 anyhow8 ,did you ever think about that8 ,there are a number of reasons1 and we will discuss some of them4 ,a great many people marry because it is fashionable4 ,they never stop to reason about it2 they simply observe that nearly everybody else marries1 and consequently they jump to the conclusion that it is the proper thing to do4 ,like most devotees of fashion in other things1 they find it a very unprofitable investment4 ,a great many men marry1 because they want a servant4 ,that's unprofitable also4 ,young man1 you can hire your washing and ironing done by a ,chinaman1 and live in a first-class boarding house with much less expense4 ,it don't pay4 ,some women marry because they want a home1 and they find--a penitentiary4 ,i visited a state prison a few days ago1 and ,i found inside the walls a lot of convicts that were having a much better time than some married people of my acquaintance4 ,a large number of men and women marry for money4 ,that don't pay either in the long run4 ,young man1 don't marry a hundred thousand dollars with a girl attached1 because some of these days you'll find that the money has taken wings and flown away1 and you'll have a girl on your hands1 and you won't know what to do with her4 ,right here1 ,i want to say to my friends who are disposed to look upon money as the most valuable of all things1 that if you marry according to my instructions you will marry the conditions which produce money4 ,to marry for money1 or to marry a person who possesses a fortune for no other reason1 is a monstrous wrong1 sure to be punished4 ,some refined people marry for beauty4 ,the motive is correct as far as it goes1 but in practice we find few people competent to judge of beauty1 or to use it correctly4 ,the result is1 that most people make the mistake of marrying a fragment of beauty only1 or they marry beauty which is not of the kind or quality available in their cases4 ,a man falls in love with a pretty hand1 a shapely figure1 a handsome mouth1 or a pair of beautiful eyes1 and he finds upon the more intimate acquaintance of marriage that the tout ensemble is far from being what he desired in a wife4 ,a young lady becomes enamoured of a magnificent specimen of physical manhood1 but she finds to her sorrow that1 notwithstanding his beauty1 his whole character1 in fact1 is totally inharmonious with her own4 ,some young ladies marry in a hurry1 because they imagine that good husbands are going to be scarce in the future1 and they live to wonder what a supply the market affords in later years4 ,young ladies1 take my advice and be deliberate4 ,there are going to be hundreds of good men after you are all grandmothers4 ,the real reason why people marry1 is because it is natural to do so4 ,it is in accordance with a law of nature4 ,to understand this fully we must study natural history for a few moments4 ,as we observe the various orders of plants and animals1 we find that in the lower forms of life1 in vegetable or animal1 the male and female principles are embodied in one individual2 and that individual1 being entirely capable of reproducing the species to which he belongs1 stands as a perfect representative of that kind or species4 ,we observe1 however1 that in the higher orders of plants and animals1 the male and female principles are separated--are embodied in two separate individuals1 and it requires the union of two of these individuals of different sex to reproduce the species1 and it takes the two individuals1 the male and female1 to furnish us with a complete representation of that species4 ,man is created in two parts1 male and female1 man and woman1 and it requires the union of these two to reproduce the race1 and to furnish us with the perfect specimen of the unit of humanity4 ,the man or woman1 considered separately1 do not furnish us this complete ideal of humanity1 but on the contrary each is incomplete without the other4 ,the conclusion which ,i wish you to draw from this argument is3 that the old bachelor is only half of a man1 which is a correct way of expressing his status in society4 ,why1 my dear sir1 you might as well expect to pull across the ,atlantic ,ocean in a water-logged skiff1 with only one oar1 and make a successful voyage of it1 as to pull across the ocean of life without the help of a good woman4 ,and ,i have my suspicions of the morals1 as well as my contempt for the taste of a man1 who can wander through this country and see as many bright eyes1 ruby lips1 rosy cheeks1 and shapely figures1 as one may encounter any day in the week1 and who does not marry4 ,marriage then may be regarded as the natural condition of every mature man and woman4 ,and1 because it is natural to marry1 there is all the more reason why it should be carefully studied1 and why the human race should learn to form marriages in accordance with ,natural ,law4 ,when we study ,matrimony in the light of ,science1 we find that it is surrounded and governed by ,natural ,laws1 as inevitable in their consequences as the law of gravitation1 and that the marriage relation is happy or unhappy as these laws have been obeyed or broken4 ,to constitute a perfect marriage1 three great objects must be attained4 ,the absence of any one of these from the marriage will cause its ignominious failure4 ,there must be ,first4--,such physiological conditions as will insure the improvement of offspring and the perpetuation of the race1 for the accomplishment of which object1 marriage is primarily established4 ,second4--,amiable ,companionship and ,congenial ,association4 ,the married pair must live together1 and their mutual interests1 as well as the interests of society1 demand that the association be pleasant4 ,third4--,mutual helpfulness in financial affairs and the maintainance of the establishment4 ,it is absolutely necessary that all three of these elements should combine to form the perfect marriage4 ,many good people imagine that if they can only live together in an amiable way1 and have no serious quarrels1 that they have reached the beau ideal of happiness4 ,there are others who look only to the financial welfare of the union1 and if the conditions seem favorable to the production of wealth1 they approve of the marriage2 but the fact remains that both of these conditions may be present and the marriage still be most unhappy4 ,when ,i was lecturing in the ,state of ,indiana1 some years ago1 ,i had occasion to discuss this subject with the ,mayor of a certain city1 who informed me1 with great glee1 that he had sold out a ,phrenologist1 as he expressed it1 on the occasion of his marriage4 ,said he1 ,my wife and ,i were examined the day before we married1 by an eminent ,phrenologist1 who pronounced us totally unfitted for each other1 and strongly urged us not to marry4 ,now1 sir1 ,i have lived with that good woman for forty years1 and we've never had a quarrel1 and we've made a good living into the bargain4 ,i did not want to hurt the old man's feelings1 and ,i felt that if he could get any comfort out of that marriage1 ,i would be the last one to take it from him1 so ,i kept silent2 but when ,i looked over his family1 and ,i counted five children that were partially idiotic1 ,i thought that the ,phrenologist had decidedly the best of the argument4 ,and suppose you do live with a good woman for forty years and never have a quarrel1 is that anything to your credit8 ,certainly not4 ,the man who couldn't live with a good woman for forty years1 and not insult her1 ought to be ridden out of town on a rail4 ,and the woman who can't live with a good man1 the same length of time1 without getting her name on the police court records for smashing a frying-pan over his head1 is not fit to move in good society4 ,it is desirable that the association of man and woman in marriage should be amiable1 but that is not all that is to be desired4 ,neither is the physiological improvement of offspring the sole thing to be considered4 ,the married pair may surround themselves with beautiful children1 but if the conditions of the marriage have made them poor1 if the parents are unable to educate their children1 or to give them the necessities and advantages which are prompted by a laudable ambition1 life will be shorn of most of its charms4 ,and1 on the other hand1 if life is spent in one long scramble for riches1 and there is in the union nothing but the elements of sordid wealth1 the actual standard of that marriage1 as to the true richness of life1 will be poor indeed4 ,these three grand consummations of ,amiable ,association1 ,financial ,success1 and ,physiological ,improvement are most devoutly to be wished1 but how shall they be attained8 ,before ,i proceed to give you my own theory1 ,i want to tear down one or two others4 ,i am nothing if not combative1 and believe that the best way to establish truth is to begin by tearing down error4 ,i wish to attack1 in the first place1 a theory much taught and too generally practiced1 that one should seek1 in matrimony1 a companion as near like himself as possible4 ,it is astonishing to see what a hold this theory has upon the public mind1 considering the fact that it never has had any good results to support it4 ,a distinguished ,physiologist1 in a recent work which has been extensively circulated1 uses these words in speaking of a proper selection in matrimony3-- ,what should be sought for is a congenial companion4 ,a congenial companion is one who1 under any given set of circumstances1 will think1 feel and act exactly as we would1 not for the sake of agreeing with us1 but of his own free will1 etc4 ,we consent that a congenial companion should be sought for1 but we differ very much from the learned gentleman1 just quoted1 as to what constitutes a congenial companion4 ,to comply with the conditions he expresses1 presupposes that the persons1 who are to be congenial companions1 must be alike in character1 temperament1 disposition2 for if they differ in any of these1 ,phrenology proves that they will1 under the same combination of circumstances1 think1 feel and act differently also4 ,we will examine this theory in the light of results and see how it will work4 ,we will suppose the case of a man of the ,bilious ,temperament1 dark complexion1 hair and eyes2 ,moderate ,caution2 small ,vitativeness1 ,hope and ,self-esteem2 large ,destructiveness and ,acquisitiveness4 ,such a combination gives a strong tendency to suicide in cases of financial loss4 ,we marry him to a wife exactly like himself1 and one day he comes home and informs her that an unlucky speculation has carried away their fortune1 and he has resolved upon suicide4 ,his wife1 being a person who1 under any combination of circumstances1 thinks1 feels and acts exactly as he does1 raises no objection4 ,all right1 my love4 ,you take arsenic1 and ,i'll take strychnine1 and they go to perdition together4 ,there is not enough vitality in such a marriage to last them over one disaster4 ,study this theory to its legitimate conclusion in all cases1 and you will find that its results are disastrous4 ,moreover1 it is contrary to nature4 ,it is not because a man is like a woman that she admires him4 ,if this were true1 the little emasculated dudes1 who cannot raise moustaches1 would be more in demand4 ,it is not because a woman is like a man that he loves her4 ,if this were true1 the bearded lady in the ,dime ,museum would be at a premium on the matrimonial market4 ,it is because each is unlike the other1 and because each recognizes in the other something1 without which nature is incomplete1 that love exists1 and each is attracted to the other by a force as irresistible as gravitation itself4 ,but another fellow comes along and proposes to remedy the whole matter with another theory4 ,and he tells you to marry somebody who is your opposite in everything2 somebody who1 under every combination of circumstances1 will think1 feel and act differently from your own impulses4 ,and he hopes1 by the fact that you will pull one way and your companion another1 to establish some sort of an equilibrium that will keep you on your feet4 ,if we follow this theory1 like the other1 to its legitimate conclusion1 we will find the old problem repeating itself1 ,when an immovable body meets an irresistible body1 what is the result8 ,according to this theory1 ,i should step into this audience and select the most delicate1 refined and accomplished lady among you and marry her to a ,south ,african cannibal1 and ,i would produce correct results4 ,the ,mormon and the ,mohammedan advocate polygamy4 ,the ,koran says a man must have four wives in order to always be able to find one in a good humor4 ,there is one answer to polygamy which forever settles the question4 ,the highest orders of animals and men are gifted by nature with an instinct prompting the union1 in pairs1 for life of the male and female4 ,this instinct is located in the occipital region of the brain1 and is called1 in ,phrenological language1 ,conjugality4 ,it is large in the lion and the eagle1 and in all mating birds and animals4 ,those animals which associate promiscuously are devoid of this sense4 ,there is no grander example of conjugal fidelity than the eagle1 the monarch of birds1 building1 with his consort1 their rugged home on the breast of some beetling crag1 and there rearing their offspring and remaining true to each other for a lifetime1 and at last1 when disabled by age1 nourished and fed by the young birds1 no doubt impelled to the filial task by respect for their magnificent virtues4 ,if the sense of conjugality is omitted from the organization of a man or woman1 they cannot be held responsible if they fail to conform to its impulses4 ,but let every man or woman1 in the possession of a complete brain1 conform to the instincts of nature and emulate the virtue of the eagle4 ,those who practice polygamy1 or who associate promiscuously1 or are guilty of conjugal infidelity1 are1 in plain scientific language1 deficient in sense--the sense of conjugality4 ,it being1 therefore1 the law of nature that man and woman should unite in matrimony1 what rule of selection may we establish which1 in all cases1 shall be productive of agreeable association1 financial success and such physiological conditions as will result in the improvement of offspring8 ,it has been stated that ,order is ,heaven's first law4 ,with equal force it might be added that ,harmony is the first law of nature4 ,the law of ,harmony pervades all nature1 and men and women have long since learned to recognize it in many departments of study1 inferior in dignity and importance to the topic of this lecture4 ,as you have long studied harmony in its application to music1 and colors1 ,i introduce the study of harmony to you to-night1 but it is harmony in its relation to ,humanity in the law of matrimonial selection4 ,there is harmony and discord in music2 there is harmony and discord in the science of colors2 and in the grand symphony of ,humanity1 the law is just as applicable2 its obedience results in the beauty and accord of domestic felicity1 its disobedience furnishes the deformity and discord of society4 ,all ladies recognize the law of harmony in colors2 and in the selection of a dress or bonnet1 they try to secure colors that will harmonize with their complexions4 ,they do not all understand the law sufficiently to always conform to it1 as ,i frequently see ladies in my audience who have blundered in this respect1 and who wear articles hideously unbecoming4 ,but they all try1 and you cannot inflict a greater punishment upon a woman than to compel her to appear in church1 or at a lecture1 in a costume in which she knows she has violated this law4 ,but1 ladies1 just think for a moment1 if it is a misfortune to have to wear for a season a dress or bonnet which is not becoming to you1 what a calamity it is to be compelled to wear a husband who does not harmonize with you1 and that for life4 ,and the worst of it is1 they never wear out4 ,every musician in my audience understands that1 in music1 if ,i strike two notes1 of the same pitch and quality1 ,i have produced no harmony1 ,i have only intensified the volume of the tone4 ,if ,i strike a first and third1 or a first and fifth1 ,i produce harmony1 because the vibrations of those notes1 in combination1 are such as produce an agreeable sound4 ,if ,i strike certain other notes1 ,i produce a discord1 and the sound is unpleasant4 ,we cannot have harmony without a difference in pitch and quality1 but we can have difference in pitch and quality without harmony4 ,to produce perfect music1 we must have soprano1 alto1 tenor and bass to carry all the parts4 ,the tenor and soprano would furnish us a very poor concert1 and the alto and bass alone would produce rather monotonous music4 ,but we have studied harmony in music until we have evoked divine results1 and our achievements in harmony of colors has beautified the world with transcendent art4 ,in the ,science of ,humanity there are certain combinations of constitution which1 in matrimonial association1 are harmonious4 ,there are certain other combinations which are discordant4 ,the union of harmonious natures results in agreeable association1 financial success and perfection of offspring4 ,the attempted union of discordant natures results in domestic misery1 divorces by wholesale1 pauperism1 disease and crime1 and worst of all1 the perpetuation of all these evils in a deformed1 diseased and vicious posterity4 ,in stating the law of harmonious selection1 the general rule is1 that the parties should bear a complementary relation to each other4 ,that is to say1 there should be such a combination of temperaments1 dispositions and appearances1 that any departure from the correct ideal of perfect humanity in the one should be supplied by the development of the other1 in order that the two organizations1 when added together1 should constitute a perfect type of ,humanity4 ,the reasonableness of this rule is apparent the moment that its effects upon offspring are comprehended4 ,the child inherits the joint organization of the parents4 ,it can never be better than the sum total of the parental organizations4 ,it may be better or worse than either of these1 according to circumstances4 ,it can never be better than both1 except as education may develop possibilities as inherited from both4 ,if1 therefore1 the father is capable of transmitting to the child certain vigorous elements of constitution1 which were weak in the mother1 and on the other hand the mother endows the child with certain graces of intellect which were deficient in the father1 the result is perfection of offspring through complementary association4 ,the same rule holds good in the matter of amiable association4 ,when each contributes to the other1 elements of character necessary to convenience and happiness1 the mutual esteem and respect generated by the knowledge of the indispensableness of each to the other's interest1 is the surest guard to amiability4 ,likewise as to financial affairs4 ,it is easy to understand that the individual will be most successful in the affairs of life1 who unites in himself all the elements of a perfect organization4 ,therefore1 in the consummation of all partnerships1 matrimonial or purely commercial1 the application of this rule unites in the organization every element essential to success4 ,in the application of this rule1 it is necessary to consider1 ,first1 the character of the individual under examination2 ,second1 the type of humanity we desire to form2 ,third1 the ideal character necessary to the accomplishment of the end in view4 ,the error committed by most physiologists1 who have experimented with this question1 lies in the fact that they have had in mind only one ideal as a perfect type of humanity1 and they have tried to grade all their subjects up to this solitary ideal4 ,humanity1 however1 presents as many phases as the various climates1 occupations1 stages of culture1 and conditions of life might be expected to produce1 in various combination1 and we may have a perfect type of humanity1 adapted to every climate1 to every occupation1 to every grade of society1 but differing in each4 ,every individual1 under every condition of life1 may find his proper complementary associate1 adapted to the same conditions of life1 but possessing a different character1 harmonious with his own4 ,nature has not left us in the dark with reference to this question4 ,she surrounds us with every incentive to obey her laws1 rewards her obedient children with every pleasure the senses can afford1 and punishes the disobedient with pains and penalties too numerous and severe to catalogue4 ,observation is all that is necessary to teach us the law of harmony4 ,we know that the bright red of the rose is heightened in effect by the dark green of the leaf behind it4 ,we observe that chords in music are agreeable to the ear4 ,and we have only to use the same observation1 in respect to matrimony1 to distinguish certain combinations that produce all that is rich and grand and beautiful in domestic life1 and to know others in which the effect is altogether wrong4 ,society has long since learned the distinction between the ,brunette and ,blonde the ,electric and the ,magnetic ,temperaments4 ,and the fact is also known that it is natural for those of light complexion to admire those of dark1 and vice versa4 ,the novelist and the actor recognize this principle1 and if the story is well told1 and the drama well made up1 the hero and the heroine are made to conform to these complexions4 ,the society belle who gives a party1 if she be a blonde1 invites some dark-eyed lady friend as a foil to her beauty2 and the dark-complexioned friend responds cheerfully to the invitation1 conscious that her own beauty will be heightened by the contrast4 ,the blonde and brunette are complementary to each other1 as far as the temperament is concerned4 ,the ,magnetic ,temperament is distinguished for its rich arterial circulation and versatility of character1 which is deficient in the ,electric4 ,the ,electric on the other hand1 is noted for its strength of bone and muscle and concentrativeness of character1 traits deficient in the ,magnetic4 ,united1 the combination possesses the warmth and versatility of the ,blonde with the endurance and power of the ,brunette4 ,in the union of the ,blonde and ,brunette1 the law of color is also conformed to1 and both appear better than either would apart1 or than either would1 combined with a person of the same temperament4 ,to illustrate this principle more completely1 ,i will give a few examples4 ,i will take first the case of any man who is a complete type of the extreme brunette or ,electric ,temperament1 and marry him to a lady of the same type4 ,at once we see that the law of harmony has been violated4 ,they are too much alike4 ,they look like brother and sister4 ,they are1 in fact1 physiologically related4 ,they were created under the same general conditions of birth1 and have inherited the same peculiarities of constitution4 ,they do not look as well together as either would separately4 ,they possess the same virtues1 it is true1 but there is an excess of their peculiar good traits1 so that they are in danger of becoming vices4 ,two bodies cannot occupy the same space at the same time2 they jostle each other and promote discord4 ,notice that1 in this couple1 each possesses the immense base of brain1 the narrow pyramidal form of forehead1 the serious expression and the indications of dynamic energy peculiar to the ,electric ,temperament4 ,in this combination there is an absence of versatility1 of blandness1 agreeableness1 sympathy and warmth4 ,all is cold1 hard1 forcible1 unyielding and serious on both sides4 ,the brunette is essentially1 a fighting character1 the man to fight the battles of his country1 of his clients1 of his political faction or party4 ,united to such a character as shown in this combination1 he would have a wife possessing the same aggressive qualities1 and he would return from the battles of the day to find a new conflict awaiting him at his own fireside2 and in couples mis-mated in this way1 the conflict usually lasts all night1 to the great disturbance of the neighborhood4 ,but if we conform to the law of nature1 and unite the brunette to a superbly vitalized blonde1 a different effect is produced4 ,combined with such a character as the brunette her versatility1 refinement1 warmth and enthusiasm are exactly what he needs to round out the rugged phases of his character1 and supply the elements deficient in his constitution4 ,while she in turn needs his executiveness1 his dignity1 his seriousness and positive elements to balance her tendency to frivolity1 and make her accomplishments and versatility valuable4 ,recognizing1 each in the other1 characteristics indispensable to happiness1 amiable association and financial success is assured1 while the offspring is sure to inherit an excellently well balanced organization if other conditions are at all favorable4 ,let us now consider the ,magnetic ,temperament1 of which any blonde man furnishes us an excellent example4 ,if we marry him temporarily to a blonde lady1 we have produced discord again4 ,they do not look as well together as either would apart4 ,they are too much like brother and sister4 ,there is too much warmth1 enthusiasm1 versatility and inflammability about this combination4 ,there is not enough of seriousness1 dignity1 steadfastness and endurance4 ,their dispositions clash1 because every fault in one is aggravated by the same fault in the other4 ,the versatility and genius of the blonde is not assisted by contact with a lady possessing the same characteristics1 because he has enough to supply his needs4 ,when we observe marriages of this class1 we find results far from satisfactory1 and offspring with a decided tendency to insanity1 after a succession of such marriages4 ,what this blonde character demands is just what the brunette possesses1 and when we unite the blonde to a lady of the brunette type1 we find results that are far more satisfactory4 ,here again we have followed the law of nature1 and harmony is the result--each is the complement of the other4 ,the genius and versatility of the blond are here fortified with executiveness and endurance1 while her concentrative and intense nature is vitalized and warmed with the enthusiasm1 the geniality and adaptiveness of the ,magnetic ,temperament4 ,these four types of character represent the application of the law in persons of relatively the same grade of social position1 and surrounded by the same general conditions of life4 ,between these extreme types of temperamental development1 we may find every grade and blending of temperament1 but the law remains the same4 ,it requires the trained skill of the professional examiner to determine for each individual the exact type necessary for the complementary character1 but this being done1 and the description being given correctly1 the application of the law becomes an easy task4 ,in my written delineations of character1 which many of you have already1 and which all should possess1 this complementary character is marked out for you with great precision2 by following the instruction there given1 you have the scientific key to matrimonial happiness4 ,persons possessing a predominance of the ,mental ,temperament should seek consorts having more of the ,vital and ,motive4 ,those having an excess of ,vitality1 a consort more largely endowed with the ,mental and ,motive4 ,while those endowed with the large bones and strong muscles1 peculiar to the ,motive ,temperament1 need the electrifying influence of the ,mental1 combined with the nourishment of the ,vital4 ,it does not follow that perfect blending of temperamental conditions will produce a happy marriage4 ,this is the physiological foundation always of a correct relation1 but there are other considerations quite as likely to produce important modifications4 ,it does not follow from this law1 that a blonde heiress should marry her father's coachman1 though he may be a perfect type of the brunette4 ,we should not advise a graduate of one of our cosmopolitan universities to marry an uncultivated country maiden1 even though their temperaments were perfectly balanced4 ,we expect our subjects to exercise common sense in the application of our advice1 and marry with due regard to the purposes of the union socially1 financially and physiologically4 ,a young gentleman or lady may take my written description of the proper complementary character1 and in any village of two thousand inhabitants there will presumably be a half dozen eligible persons sufficiently corresponding to the temperamental description4 ,our candidate will consider the claims of the six with probably the following result3 ,he will reject ,no4 #a1 because she is too old2 ,no4 #b1 because she is too young2 ,no4 #c1 because she is diseased2 ,no4 #d1 because she has insufficient culture4 ,he may profitably hesitate a year between ,nos4 #e and #f1 but ultimately prefer ,no4 #f for reasons which he has discovered in that time1 and marry happily1 and with the proud satisfaction of having married intelligently4 ,but1 says some objector1 you would have marriage reduced to a matter of cold calculation4 ,you leave out all sentiment and love4 ,now1 hold on1 my friend1 and we will see whether that is true or not4 ,what is this sentiment1 this love1 which most people seem to think desirable in matrimony1 and which others1 we may add1 hold in profound contempt4 ,love is the impulse of desire toward that which gratifies it4 ,a young man loves a young woman because he sees something in her character1 her personal beauty1 her mental attributes1 which gratifies him4 ,for precisely the same reason the young lady reciprocates the sentiment4 ,now the question simply reduces itself to this3 ,shall this sentiment1 this love1 be founded on a complete and accurate knowledge of what is necessary to the complete gratification of the whole nature1 or shall it be founded upon mere caprice or whim1 the gratification of a mere fragmentary instinct which has never been educated to the comprehension of its true needs8 ,ponder on these questions for a few moments and you will realize that1 instead of eliminating the sentiment of love from the question of matrimonial selection1 ,i have really introduced you to a grander1 broader1 better ideal of true love than you have ever comprehended before4 ,this perfect comprehension of the needs of a natural existence culminates in a wonderful attractive force between the sexes4 ,a force as evident to the senses as the force of gravitation when properly studied1 but unfortunately too little understood4 ,this force1 however1 exists--is governed by natural laws and exerts its influence for good or evil between every man and woman in the universe2 and the man who marries in ignorance of this force1 or who violates its laws1 is as foolish as he who tempts the law of gravitation by jumping from the brow of a precipice without calculating the distance to the ground beneath4 ,this force is an emanation from the body according to temperament1 it is identical with gravitation in its phenomena1 and ,i introduce it to-night to your consideration under the name of ,sexual ,magnetism4 ,i hold in my hand a bar of iron2 if ,i let go1 it falls to the ground1 impelled by an unseen but very tangible force which you call gravitation4 ,the scientist will tell you that gravitation exists because the earth is a great magnet1 attracting to itself all negative bodies which come within the reach of its positive influence4 ,but the principle of magnetic attraction implies1 also1 the principle of magnetic repulsion4 ,every child is familiar with the practical results of magnetic attraction1 because he feels the force of it every time he falls down1 or drops a plaything4 ,but you are not so familiar with magnetic repulsion1 yet if1 by any combination of circumstances1 you could be made positive to the earth instead of negative1 you would be repelled from it with exactly as much force as you are now attracted to it1 and shot into space to wander among the asteroids4 ,illustration3 ,p4 ,positive ,pole4 ,n4 ,negative ,pole4 ,the curved arrows show the direction of revolution4 ,to illustrate this principle of magnetic attraction and repulsion1 ,i have prepared these two bar magnets1 which are simple bars of steel which have been charged with magnetic properties4 ,i mount one of them on a pivot so that it will revolve when subjected to any force4 ,one end of the magnet is called the positive pole1 the other the negative pole1 because they have been found to exert two different forces4 ,if ,i present the positive pole of the magnet ,i hold in my hand to the negative pole of the mounted magnet1 they will attract each other1 and the mounted magnet will revolve toward the one in my hand4 ,but if ,i reverse the conditions1 and ,i present the positive pole of this magnet to the positive pole of the mounted magnet1 they will repel each other1 and the mounted magnet will revolve in the opposite direction with equal force4 ,this beautiful experiment illustrates the repelling force of magnetism as well as its attractive power4 ,illustration3 ,magnetic ,repulsion4 ,the human body is magnetic in its action4 ,its every phenomenon is governed by the laws of electricity and magnetism4 ,the human body is a divine instrument upon which the mind plays1 is a wonderful magnet1 exhibiting all the phenomena of attraction and repulsion4 ,between certain constitutions there are positive and negative conditions1 resulting in a natural attraction1 conducive to the highest matrimonial felicity4 ,between other constitutions there is a natural antagonism1 as relentless as the force of gravitation itself1 and when companionship is attempted1 in violation of this law1 nature drives them apart by the most fearful visitation of her penalties in domestic misery1 depraved and deformed offspring1 pauperism1 insanity and crime4 ,if any of you doubt the existence of this force1 ,i will cite you to an experiment1 which most of you have tried4 ,put your arm around your sister1 and you will not be able to notice any very remarkable sensations4 ,but just get your arm around some other fellow's sister1 and you will feel like you were struck by lightening in half a minute4 ,that is ,sexual ,magnetism4 ,this force exists in different degrees of intensity1 according to the constitutions of the parties affected4 ,it may be highly attractive1 it may be weakly so2 it may be neutralized1 it may be weakly antagonistic2 it may be violently repulsive in its effects4 ,the great difficulty with most people is that they are insensible to the effects of this force4 ,the senses may be educated to a keen perception of it1 or they may be deadened by disease and sexual depravity4 ,i am frequently asked if the natural instincts of men and women will not guide aright in the selection of a consort1 and my answer is yes1 if the instincts of men and women were natural4 ,but when we reflect that the sexual instincts of the present generation are blunted1 warped and paralyzed by the sexual sins of a long line of ignorant and depraved ancestors1 they cannot be trusted4 ,but they can be educated1 and every man of refined sensibilities can1 by learning to recognize his true affinity1 so educate his sexual instincts that they will be as true as the needle to the pole1 and he will learn to so distinguish the conditions of magnetic attraction and repulsion that he will be attracted by that which is favorable to his own constitution1 and repelled by that which is unfavorable1 as sensitively as these magnets4 ,and every woman of refined sensibilities may reach the same exalted plane of true sexual intelligence4 ,and when this degree of sexual intelligence is attained1 vice is an impossibility4 ,the education of this refined1 sensitive sexual instinct renders adultery abhorrent4 ,the true sexual consort once found1 the chief joy of existence consists in the perpetuation of mutual attraction4 ,the consort satisfies2 the union is complete2 harmony is established1 and existence itself becomes a grand1 sweet symphony of mutual love1 respect and adoration4 ,i respectfully submit the principles here1 for the first time expounded1 as the foundation of a proper marriage relation1 and a solution of the social problem4 ,i now discuss the important question of age4 ,there are great possibilities of good and evil involved in this branch of the subject1 and nature's laws are violated in this as in every other department4 ,the proper age for the consummation of marriage is maturity4 ,this varies much in different constitutions and in different climates1 but is not hard to determine4 ,a general average for the temperate zone would place the proper age at from #bb to #bg in the male1 and from #ah to #bc in the female4 ,there are a thousand arguments against premature marriages1 which ,i shall not stop to discuss in this lecture4 ,you will hear this subject fully discussed in my lectures on ,sexual ,science1 and you will also find it elucidated at length in my ,science of ,creation4 ,those who have neglected to marry until past the ages above given1 if in sound health and good character1 may consider that they have my consent as soon as they can find a proper complementary consort1 according to my full written delineation4 ,the female should be about three years younger than the male4 ,this rule applies at all stages of life4 ,under no circumstances should a man marry a woman older than himself4 ,neither should he marry one more than five years his junior2 and three above stated is better1 because the female matures three years younger than the male1 as a rule1 and this allows for both to marry at the same stage of maturity4 ,there are most weighty physiological reasons for the support of this rule1 the full discussion of which ,i reserve until my lectures on ,sexual ,science4 ,but ,i will answer one common objection to this rule right here3 ,it is quite a common belief that1 unless a man marries a woman ten years his junior1 in a few years his wife will look too old for him4 ,this belief is based upon the fact that most married women break down and look old in a very short time4 ,this is lamentably true1 but there is no good reason why it should be so4 ,it is contrary to nature1 and whenever a result is contrary to nature1 the cause which produces it is a violation of nature's laws2 and the violation of nature's laws1 which results in the premature decay of ,american women1 is found mainly in improper marriages1 wrong sexual conditions1 unhygienic habits1 and the woful ignorance of both husband and wife in all that pertains to a proper marriage relation4 ,and1 ladies1 if you will see that your husbands attend my lectures on ,sexual ,science1 ,i will promise to educate them to that point where they will be able to preserve your beauty4 ,and in my lectures to ladies on the same subject1 ,i shall impart knowledge which will aid you in preserving your charms and also increasing the manliness of your husbands4 ,there is no part of my professional work that ,i approach with as great a feeling of responsibility as this sacred question of ,matrimony4 ,and when ,i am consulted by a young man or woman and requested to give my professional sanction to a proposed union1 ,i study the characters of the parties with my most conscientious skill1 and in the light of science ,i approve it or condemn it1 regardless of everything but the great laws of nature1 which1 knowing1 ,i dare not disobey4 ,it frequently happens that ,i am obliged to condemn the aspirations of youthful minds1 who up to that time have fondly imagined that they are perfectly suited to each other4 ,but ,i have fearlessly passed an adverse judgment upon thousands of such cases1 and in no case have ,i had cause to regret my decision4 ,but in many cases1 when parties have married in defiance of nature's laws1 as explained by me1 have they had cause to regret it4 ,and many1 very many1 whom ,i have advised against improper marriages1 have returned to thank me for my counsel4 ,some years ago ,i examined a young ,methodist preacher1 and when ,i described his adaptation in matrimony he seemed dejected1 and remarked that it did not correspond at all with his sweetheart4 ,i told him he was lucky to find out the truth before it was too late4 ,he then brought the young lady to me for a personal examination1 and both requested me to be candid and to give them the benefit of my highest professional skill4 ,i did so4 ,i said to the young man1 ,you are a preacher1 a man of strong magnetic power1 upon which you depend for success2 your social organs are very large1 and you depend on them to attract and hold those with whom you come in friendly contact4 ,you need a wife who will fortify these elements in your character with strong magnetic and social qualities of her own4 ,this lady1 on the contrary1 will neutralize in a great degree what you already possess4 ,she is cold and exclusive1 and1 married to her1 you would not be as successful as you would be single4 ,moreover1 you are a man of warm1 affectionate nature1 demanding a great deal of caressing and amative demonstration from your wife4 ,this lady would freeze you out in one week4 ,you have1 also1 some inharmonious similarities4 ,you are argumentative1 dogmatic and commanding in disposition1 unyielding1 inflexible and positive4 ,this lady is like you in these respects1 and if you get into an argument1 neither would yield a point1 and the result would be sure to be domestic discord4 ,the attachment you both feel for each other is merely fraternal4 ,there is not the first element of sexual magnetism in your constitutions4 ,they were convinced1 and broke the engagement then and there4 ,two years later ,i found them both happily married to other parties1 according to my instructions1 and both took occasion to thank me for saving them from a sad mistake4 ,i once examined a young artist1 of great ability in his professional attainments1 but greatly deficient in financial qualifications1 and as ,i described to him his proper adaptation in matrimony1 his countenance fell1 and he informed me that1 in most respects1 ,i had described a type of character quite opposite from what his affianced was4 ,he brought the young lady to me1 subsequently1 with the request that ,i should be as candid as possible4 ,i found the young lady also gifted in artistic skill1 but utterly wanting in physical stamina and business qualifications4 ,i then said1 ,you are too much alike4 ,you are1 in a physiological sense1 brother and sister4 ,the offspring of such a marriage would be weak physically and mentally1 if you had any1 which is doubtful4 ,you are both the embodiment of delicacy and refinement1 artistic taste and sensitiveness1 without one element of robust physique or business ability4 ,you never made a dollar in your life4 ,no1 said the young man1 my father supports me4 ,now1 ,i continued1 you have the one element of a pleasant companionship1 derived from the same accomplishment1 but it is such a companionship as we might look for in a brother and sister4 ,there is nothing in your union which will contribute the wherewith to fight the battle for existence4 ,what you both need1 is an organization of executive ability and strength of business qualifications1 robust physique and aggressive force for offensive and defensive action1 to make your artistic talent effective4 ,you might marry and never quarrel1 and as long as your parents contribute to your support1 you might exist1 but your marriage is wrong in every physiological and scientific sense4 ,they were also convinced1 and broke their engagement1 and ,i have had the pleasure of congratulating both of them upon their marriage1 according to correct principles1 resulting in complete happiness1 financial success and beautiful offspring4 ,in subsequent lectures1 ladies and gentlemen1 to the sexes separately1 ,i will elucidate my theory to the full extent of its physiological laws4 ,for the present ,i have only presented its general principles1 but ,i submit it to your criticism as the only true relation of the sexes1 conducive to the improvement of the race1 and of its individual members4 ,i submit it as the solution of the great social problem of the age1 as the foundation of correct morals1 as the guide to health1 happiness and that substantial prosperity which rests upon obedience to the laws of nature4 ,mankind has long realized that the acme of human enjoyment is reached in the perfect companionship of harmonious association of the sexes4 ,two souls with but a single thought2 ,two hearts that beat as one4 ,and in the grand possibilities of existence1 ,i can conceive of no greater joy1 ,i crave no higher destiny than vibrating in harmonious association in one sweet chord of love1 with a companion whose nature is in all respects complimentary to my own4 ,,preface ,,to ,,part ,,ii4 ,the following interviews1 published in various papers during my past professional experience1 relate to interesting subjects pertaining to human character1 and have been the object of so much favorable criticism from my friends1 that ,i have decided to give them wider circulation in this form4 ,the papers from which these interviews are quoted1 are among the leading journals of the ,united ,states1 and in each case due credit has been given4 ,i also take this opportunity as a quondam journalist to return to my brethren of the press1 my sincere thanks for their uniform courtesy1 both in reporting my lectures1 and in the wide circulation they have given my doctrines in these interviews4 ,fraternally1 ,,william ,,windsor4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,,professional ,,interviews4 ,i4 ,physiognomy of ,matrimony4 ,,ii4 ,study in ,ancient ,skulls--,the ,cliff ,dwellers4 ,,iii4 ,a ,phrenological ,study--,henry ,w4 ,grady4 ,,iv4 ,was ,hawes ,insane8 ,v4 ,how ,living ,heads and ,dead ,skulls are ,measured4 ,,vi4 ,crime and its ,causes4 ,,vii4 ,a ,murderer's ,mentality--,fritz ,anschlag4 ,,viii4 ,phrenology in ,politics4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,,physiognomy ,,of ,,matrimony4 ,how ,mental ,characteristics are ,displayed in ,personal ,appearance4 ,from the ,dallas 7,texas7 ,times4 ,now1 said ,prof4 ,windsor to a representative of the ,times last evening at the ,opera-house as they took seats commanding a view of the audience1 if you'll pay attention ,i'll give you some points on matrimony from a phrenological standpoint1 illustrated with practical examples from this audience3 ,notice that couple just behind the usher in the middle aisle4 ,the gentleman1 as you see1 is a brunette1 tall1 angular1 with a prominent ,roman nose1 and a firm step4 ,he is one of our promising young attorneys1 as the papers say4 ,an aggressive executive disposition is written in every line of his face4 ,he is not so noted for legal knowledge as for his ability in handling the facts in the case4 ,notice his chin1 which is rather narrow1 round1 and projects well forward4 ,what does that signify8 ,an intense desire to love4 ,his affections1 like the rest of his character1 are aggressive and must find expression4 ,his conjugality is large and he will center all his affections on one beloved object4 ,now1 notice the lady4 ,she has taken the seat beside him1 and the average observer would not detect anything wrong1 but ,i can see from here that she does not enjoy his company4 ,there is no compatibility between them1 and if they marry they can expect nothing but misery4 ,upon what evidence do you base these conclusions8 ,well1 her temperament is similar to his1 as you will see if you notice her features and complexion2 but that isn't all4 ,notice her position4 ,the lines of her figure are all inclined away from him4 ,she smiles at his conversation1 out of politeness1 and is not conscious of the fact that she is betraying her dislike by any act2 but she is1 nevertheless4 ,now notice that couple over there on the left1 three seats back of the one we have just observed4 ,you see the lady is a blonde with a wide forehead and a nose which has a regular curve from the root to the tip4 ,that is what we call the celestial nose1 because it is always pointing skyward and serves as a perpetual interrogation point4 ,she can ask more questions between the acts than her companion can answer in a fortnight4 ,her chin is narrow and pointed1 which signifies congenial love and a wealth of affection which she is anxious to bestow on somebody4 ,her companion1 you see1 is a semi-brunette with a rather wide head4 ,he is one of our prominent retail merchants and the lady is his fiance4 ,what are the prospects for their future happiness8 ,good4 ,notice that indentation in the middle of his chin1 signifying an intense desire to be loved1 a passive form of the passion1 but admirably adapted to her equally strong desire to manifest the active form by caresses and endearments4 ,notice how closely they sit together1 the lines of both figures inclining to each other4 ,why1 you couldn't put a piece of tissue paper between their shoulders4 ,his nose is slightly modeled after the ,roman type1 and as hers curves the other way the circle of adaptability is complete4 ,is the nose reliable as an indication of character8 ,always4 ,do you see that gentleman on the front seat with the pug nose8 ,well1 his character is equally undeveloped1 as his friends will tell you4 ,the shortness of the organ from root to tip signifies a distressing lack of executive ability4 ,the lady beside him is much the better man of the two4 ,she has executive force enough for a whole family1 and the fact is betrayed by the strong features1 large nose1 wide head and firmly set jaws and lips4 ,does the mouth indicate as much character as the nose8 ,yes1 the character is written on every feature4 ,you see that lady on the second row of seats1 back of our pug-nosed specimen8 ,when she smiles1 her upper lip curls up on one side1 and when her countenance is at rest1 her upper teeth are slightly exposed4 ,that is the sign of approbativeness1 love of applause1 compliments1 desire to attract attention1 etc4 ,you can see the same element of character in the fact that she inclines her head to one side nearly all the time4 ,her costume is almost loud4 ,her voice certainly is1 for we have heard it at this distance several times4 ,approbativeness is not a very desirable element of character1 then4 ,that depends upon perversion4 ,in the present instance it is turned to bad account4 ,the young lady is admirably adapted to the stage1 and if she would adopt that profession the very faculty of approbativeness would be her most powerful stimulus in ambition to excel4 ,approbativeness is often mistaken for self-esteem4 ,do you see that gentleman coming down the middle aisle8 ,from his walk you would suppose he owned most of ,dallas4 ,he displays a good deal of jewelry and is evidently 'stuck on himself1' as the boys say4 ,he is a well-known lawyer of very moderate talent1 and the fact is that self-esteem is very low in his organization1 as he is very deficient in dignity4 ,that aggressive display is an effort on his part to supply a deficiency of which he is painfully conscious4 ,his wife1 who accompanies him1 is very modest and apparently unassuming in demeanor1 but she has plenty of self-esteem and firmness1 and the result is that she is the controlling member of the firm4 ,if it were not for her large benevolence and suavity1 which makes her a very agreeable woman1 he would be badly henpecked4 ,as it is1 she uses more tact than force1 but he obeys implicitly1 nevertheless4 ,what benefits do you claim1 ,professor1 to result from the practice of phrenology as applied to matrimony8 ,simply the results of knowledge and observation in any direction4 ,if parties will walk into matrimony blindly1 without observing or attempting to discover the signs of character1 the result is likely to prove disastrous4 ,it is the old story of 'buying a pig in a poke1' to use an ancient ,irish expression4 ,in matrimony1 as in everything else1 the best plan is to make your transaction with your eyes open1 and if your eyes are not sufficiently educated to discern the signs of human character1 then to avail yourself of professional skill1 as you would do in every other department of life4 ,,some ,,people ,,you ,,meet4 ,from the ,atlanta 7,ga47 ,constitution4 ,is that my picture1 or that of the ,three-,dollar ,shoe ,man1 you're studying so carefully8 ,the speaker was a large1 fine-looking specimen of ,american manhood1 who walked into ,the ,constitution office yesterday4 ,a splendid head1 placed firmly upon a ,grover ,cleveland neck1 silken1 sandy mustache1 and side whiskers cut on the ,william ,h4 ,vanderbilt pattern1 and piercing blue eyes1 which seemed to look straight through you--these were the striking features of a rather striking face4 ,then he introduced himself4 ,it was ,professor ,william ,windsor1 ,,ll4,b41 phrenologist and anthropologist4 ,i have been an active practitioner in my line1 said the ,professor1 in answer to a question1 for many years now4 ,for some time before that ,i studied phrenology and practiced law1 but in later years ,i have devoted all my time to the active practice of that which ,i have now made my profession4 ,this is the first time ,i have been to ,atlanta1 though ,i am very much of a ,southerner4 ,i was born in ,kentucky1 and my father was a ,virginian4 ,he made a fortune on the ,mississippi during the war1 and after that was over he left the river and moved to ,wisconsin1 where ,i was educated4 ,i graduated in law at the ,university of ,wisconsin2 but as ,i lived several years in ,texas1 ,i consider that ,i am very much of a ,southerner4 ,and as to phrenology8 ,i love it4 ,there is so much to it--so much more than many people imagine4 ,of course1 ,i am working for money1 but above and beyond that is the desire to do good to my fellow-men4 ,how8 ,why1 nobody has a better opportunity of doing good than a conscientious phrenologist1 for he can look into a man's character1 into the inmost recesses of his heart1 as it were4 ,is there anything in palmistry8 ,oh1 yes4 ,there is no reason why character should not be read in any feature4 ,it can be read1 ,i have no doubt1 in the feet as well as in the head and the hands1 but the trouble would be in getting comparisons4 ,you couldn't very well ask every man you meet to pull off his shoes1 that you might study his feet1 but every man studies the character of his neighbor as he reads it in his face4 ,he may say he doesn't believe in phrenology1 but1 unconsciously1 perhaps1 he practices it4 ,you spoke of doing good4 ,can you give me an instance8 ,hundreds of them1 ,i am happy to say4 ,by pointing out to people their faults and how to correct them1 ,i know ,i have done good4 ,this year ,i was out in ,pueblo1 ,colo41 where ,i had been three years ago4 ,while there1 a young man called on me1 and brought with him his wife4 ,upon my last visit ,i had examined him1 and had pointed out several things to him4 ,one was that he was too cautious4 ,he is a young business man1 and is one of those fellows who are always afraid to take risks4 ,i told him of this1 and then1 at his request1 told him of the sort of young lady he should marry4 ,well1 he found the girl and married her1 and he told me he could point out where he had made seven thousand dollars by following my advice as to risks4 ,that is only one instance2 but ,i believe ,i have done much good4 ,and anthropology8 ,that means the study of human nature4 ,in its application it includes man in all his physical1 mental and social conditions4 ,phrenology is the science of the mind--mental philosophy2 anthropology is the science of man--human philosophy4 ,i contend that to the proper understanding of these great subjects we must look for the solution of all social problems4 ,,study ,,in ,,ancient ,,skulls4 ,what a ,specialist in ,cranial ,architecture ,can ,read--,the ,skulls of the ,cliff ,dwellers,a ,viewed by the ,light of ,science and ,tapers4 ,footnote ,a3 ,,note4--,the ,cliff ,dwellers is a name given to an ancient aboriginal race who once inhabited the mountain fastnesses of the ,rocky ,mountains in ,colorado4 ,they had their homes in caverns of almost inaccessible cliffs1 and undoubtedly possessed an advanced state of civilization1 as evidenced from the pottery1 implements1 musical instruments1 etc41 found in the ruins of their homes1 as well as what is indicated by the skulls described in this interview4 ,their dwellings exhibit remarkable constructiveness in the inmates1 and in many instances a high power of decorative art4 ,denver 7,col47 ,republican4 ,at one of his lectures last week at ,warren's ,academy1 ,professor ,william ,windsor1 ,,ll4 ,b41 delineated the character of a skull submitted to him by one of the audience4 ,the ,professor recognized it instantly as that of one of the ,cliff ,dwellers1 and proceeded to give a description of the individual to whom the skull belonged4 ,a ,republican representative who was present1 called on ,professor ,windsor at the ,brunswick yesterday4 ,the ,cliff ,dwellers1 said ,professor ,windsor1 present a most interesting study to the anthropologist4 ,i have examined the collection of relics on ,larimer street1 and ,i have here the skull ,i examined ,tuesday evening1 as well as two others kindly loaned to me by the proprietors of that collection4 ,can you tell anything of the mental characteristics of the wearers of these skulls1 ,professor8 ,oh1 yes1 said the phrenologist1 smiling4 ,the skull is an absolute index of the character1 and1 as long as it holds together1 is a better monument than 'storied urn or animated bust' to those who have the skill to read it4 ,the skulls of these ,cliff ,dwellers furnish us with much more accurate information than the other relics1 concerning their habits and character4 ,for example1 one of their striking peculiarities is a decided talent for music4 ,nearly every skull in the collection shows it4 ,after ,i had remarked this fact to the proprietor of the exhibit1 ,mr4 ,mc,loyd1 showed me a very well-preserved fragment of a flute which is in the collection4 ,the skulls of these people1 however1 bear a more eloquent testimonial to their musical genius than this fragment of their musical instrument4 ,the peculiar form of the ,cliff ,dweller's skull is produced by some custom of the tribe in binding the infant upon a board or other substance4 ,this is proved by the fact that the flatness of the back head is uniformly at the same angle1 and that the upper tables of the skull give evidence of abnormal pressure4 ,there is also in this collection one skull which is an exception1 and shows exactly the development we would expect to find in a normal form when such pressure was not applied4 ,the skull is that of a young female1 and in outline it is strikingly like that of the ordinary ,caucasian skull4 ,in fact1 ,i would pronounce it a ,caucasian skull were it not for the structure of the superior maxillary bone1 which shows a radical departure from the type of either of the five present races4 ,the ,cliff ,dwellers are more like the ,caucasian than the ,indian1 and more like the ,hindoo than either4 ,that they possessed a higher order of intellect than any ,indian tribe of which we have knowledge does not admit of doubt4 ,the most striking peculiarity of these skulls is their delicate and yet strong quality4 ,the grain or texture of the bone is much more delicate and fine than the average of ,caucasian skulls that belong to the uneducated classes4 ,the illumination of the skull discloses some interesting facts4 ,it is well known to phrenologists that the skull is thinner in those regions that are most constantly used in the mental habits of the individual4 ,the illumination of the skulls of these two youths 7here ,professor ,windsor inserted a lighted taper in each7 discloses a nearly uniform thinness of the entire skull1 showing that they exercised all the faculties of the mind4 ,the skull of this old warrior1 however1 presents a different appearance under the same test4 ,you will notice that the illumination is confined to that portion of the skull lying around the base of the brain1 and running highest in the forehead4 ,the conclusion to be drawn from this is that the individual who once wore this skull was a man of very practical intellect4 ,the perceptive organs1 the knowing and reasoning faculties1 executive ability and the social organs of amativeness and friendship1 particularly the latter1 are all bright and particularly well developed4 ,the abnormal width of the ,cliff ,dweller's skull through the middle section1 and the massive1 dome-like forehead1 is due in a measure to the crowding forward of the brain from the pressure which produced the flattening of the occiput4 ,any normal head with such a development would show a thinness of the bone in that region1 whereas the opacity of the warrior's skull is remarkable in that region4 ,if we may take the skull of this female1 which has not been subjected to this pressure1 as a type of the race1 we are justified in considering the ,cliff ,dwellers as a people remarkably agreeable in traits of character4 ,all the domestic propensities which form the basis of the family relation1 the love of offspring1 of friends and neighbors1 are remarkably well developed4 ,there is a magnificent moral influence shown in the development of conscientiousness1 approbativeness and caution4 ,the latter organ is so large as to suggest cowardice1 but these people undoubtedly lived in an age when circumspection and eternal vigilance was the price of existence as well as of liberty4 ,i notice that the writer of the article on the ,cliff ,dwellers in last ,sunday's ,republican makes the statement that they apparently had neither literature nor religion4 ,he bases his assertions on the fact that he does not find altars or writings among their possessions4 ,but appearances are against him4 ,they apparently had both1 from the structure of their skulls4 ,the ,cliff ,dweller is largely endowed with the artistic and constructive organs of the brain with an unlimited capacity for invention and designing4 ,savage races far below him in these qualities have literature1 and it is unreasonable to suppose that having these qualities both large and active1 he did not use them4 ,as to his religion1 the single exception to the uniform opacity of the warrior's skull above mentioned in the crown of the head is in the organ of veneration4 ,he did not have enough of spirituality and faith to supply a ,methodist camp meeting1 but he undoubtedly reverenced the ,great ,spirit and invoked the patronage of the god which he could comprehend4 ,the other two skulls show as good a development of the religious organs as you will find in a general average of any ,sunday-school in ,denver4 ,the ,cliff ,dwellers were undoubtedly religious4 ,in physical structure the ,cliff ,dweller presents a greater variety than is found in any race except the ,caucasian4 ,their warriors were undoubtedly men of great endurance and strong physique with a good size of body4 ,there were also among them types of character delicate in the extreme and possessing but little endurance4 ,as a race they depended on prudence rather than strength for safety4 ,they were shrewd1 circumspect and diplomatic4 ,in complexion they were darker than the ,caucasian and much lighter than the ,american ,indian4 ,in diet they were almost if not quite exclusively graminivorous1 living on grain and eating that raw4 ,how do you tell that8 ,professor1 asked the scribe4 ,isn't that getting things down very fine for so long a lapse of time8 ,oh1 no2 just look at the teeth of all these skulls and you will see that they are worn--even these young skulls which have not developed the wisdom teeth have the molars half worn away4 ,the canine teeth are almost rudimentary in these skulls--in the carnivorous races of men they are very large4 ,the condition of these teeth could only be produced by such a diet4 ,if the ,cliff ,dweller had subsisted to any extent on meat or had eaten his grain cooked1 he would not have worn the teeth one-quarter as much at the age of these younger skulls4 ,moreover1 he did not use tobacco1 which also leaves its mark on the skull1 in the deterioration of certain organs of the brain1 which1 to the credit of the ,cliff ,dwellers1 are well developed4 ,if it is true that-- ',the evil that men do lives after them1 ,the good is oft interred with their bones--' it is equally true1 that by resurrecting the bones we may read the history of both the evil and the good4 ,a ,,phrenological ,,study4 ,henry ,w4 ,grady's ,character ,analyzed by an ,expert4 ,what a ,study of the ,mask and of ,photograph ,shows--,his ,wonderful ,brain and its ,wonderful ,capacity4 ,atlanta ,constitution4 ,yes1 ,i have given the character of ,henry ,w4 ,grady considerable study1 as ,i do in the case of all men who attract public attention by their graces1 gifts and accomplishments1 or by the lack of those attributes4 ,the speaker was ,professor ,william ,windsor1 ,,ll4 ,b41 phrenologist and anthropologist1 whose lectures last week at the ,guard's armory interested the people of ,atlanta in the study of human character4 ,mr4 ,grady has interested me ever since ,i first heard of him1 and ,i had looked forward to meeting him personally here in ,atlanta this winter1 ever since my route was mapped out for the season4 ,i feel a sense of personal bereavement in his death1 for his characteristics were as vividly impressed upon my mind by the study ,i had made of the man as others experience from personal contact4 ,perhaps you can tell us something of the character of ,mr4 ,grady as viewed from the standpoint of your science that will be interesting1 ,professor1 suggested a representative of ,,the ,,constitution1 and the party of interested gentlemen drew more closely around the philosopher4 ,yes1 indeed1 answered ,professor ,windsor1 but to me the contemplation of the character of ,mr4 ,grady1 at this time1 is too much like viewing the wreck of a grand ship which was freighted with a precious cargo1 and trying to estimate the loss4 ,there isn't much comfort in it1 except in the fact that a correct estimate of the virtues and accomplishments of such a man1 at a time when the community is still shocked at the calamity of his demise1 is a powerful incentive to emulation on the part of other and younger men4 ,from the phrenological standpoint ,mr4 ,grady's characteristics present an interesting study1 while his known accomplishments are a wonderful confirmation of the correctness of the theory upon which we estimate mental power1 namely1 that size of brain is the measure of power1 when temperament1 quality and health of body are sufficient to support the brain4 ,comprehensive greatness is never manifested by a small brain4 ,i have been placed in possession of very accurate measurements of ,mr4 ,grady's head through the courtesy of ,mr4 ,frazee1 the ,atlanta sculptor who has a cast of the face and forehead made from the body of ,mr4 ,grady1 and hence strictly correct in dimensions4 ,i have also had the benefit of numerous photographs1 in which the phrenological features are distinctly preserved4 ,mr4 ,grady possessed a strong endowment of the magnetic temperament which gives a strong circulation of blood and a great activity of mentality4 ,his height and weight show him to have had sufficient vitality to sustain his brain1 and there was just enough of the electric temperament in him to darken his eyes and hair and give him intensity of feeling and action4 ,his quality was exceedingly responsive and delicate1 and these attributes are necessary to the class of orators to which he belonged4 ,the size of his brain compares favorably with what is known of other intellectual giants1 as the following measurements will demonstrate4 ,the actual circumference of the head around the base of the brain was twenty-four inches4 ,the measurement from ear to ear over the top of the head fifteen and a half inches1 while the forehead measures from ear to ear over the perceptives twelve and a half inches1 and from the same points over the region of sympathy fourteen inches4 ,the massing of the intellect1 it will be seen1 was in the upper portion of the forehead2 and that region shows a remarkable development of benevolence1 suavity1 causality1 comparison and imitation4 ,the most remarkable development1 however1 is in the organ of constructiveness1 which gives a lateral expansion to the forehead which is almost enormous4 ,this faculty is necessary to the correlation of thoughts and ideas1 the construction of sentences and the formation of schemes and plans4 ,as an inventor1 ,mr4 ,grady was superb1 and his large sympathy would naturally lead him to the invention of social plans and philanthropic enterprises rather than machinery4 ,his large language is indicated by the fullness under the eye4 ,the phrenological organ of language lies above and behind the eye1 and when large presses the eyeball forward and downward causing a fullness or sack under the eye which is very prominent in ,mr4 ,grady's portraits4 ,in the power and scope of this feature he had more development than either ,webster or ,ingersoll4 ,his large suavity enabled him to use his language in a way that pleased even his antagonists4 ,mr4 ,grady was emphatically combative1 as shown by full development behind and between the ears1 where the cast measures six inches in diameter1 but it was the combativeness which showed itself in force and energy rather than contention4 ,his combativeness was harnessed to his suavity1 and he could be forcible and at the same time persuasive4 ,these qualities were re-inforced by remarkable firmness1 as shown by the measurement over the top of the head1 where the development is a half-inch in excess of that of ,daniel ,webster1 and a quarter inch above that of ,napoleon ,bonaparte4 ,this characteristic is also shown in the projection forward of the lower lip1 caused by habitual compression in the exercise of this faculty4 ,in this connection1 it is interesting to note a comparison of ,mr4 ,grady's head with the measurement of other noted personages4 ,here is a table which ,i have compiled1 and which you will find entertaining1 continued the phrenologist1 as he unfolded a paper with the figures herewith reproduced3 ,size around ,size from ear the head to ear over ,,name4 at base of top of head brain4 at organ of firmness4 ,henry ,w4 ,grady #bd in4 #ae in4 ,henry ,clay #bc #ad ,daniel ,webster #be #ae ,john ,quincy ,adams #bb #ae ,thomas ,h4 ,benton #bc #ae ,napoleon ,bonaparte #bc #ae ,average #bc in4 #ae in4 ,average of human race #ba in4 #ad in4 ,from these figures1 continued ,professor ,windsor1 we may draw a melancholy conclusion of the power ,mr4 ,grady might have exhibited had he lived to ripen into perfect development4 ,it will be seen at once that only one of these distinguished characters had the advantage of him in size of brain at the base1 and that is ,daniel ,webster1 whose character was more remarkable for ponderous greatness than brilliancy1 and ,mr4 ,grady's head rises a half inch higher than his in the moral region4 ,between the two measurements there is a comparative difference of one and a half inches1 in the heads of ,webster and ,grady4 ,that inch and a half marks the difference between the debauched sensuality of the ',lion of the ,north' and the moral graces of the ',apostle of the ,new ,south4' ,the extra inch in the basilar circumference of the head of ,daniel ,webster was due to an enormous development of social propensities which in his case carried him beyond a correct balance and resulted in notorious licentiousness1 because there was not enough of the moral sentiments in the crown of the head to control them4 ,mr4 ,grady's head1 on the other hand1 was not remarkable in the development of these propensities4 ,he had enough of amativeness to give him a proper appreciation of women and the delights of sociability1 but his love manifested itself more through the intellect than the passions1 and his social nature was of that diffusive character which manifests itself in the formation of popular attachment rather than exclusive friendships4 ,there are many men undoubtedly to-day who pride themselves on being among the intimate friends of the deceased who would be surprised to know how many others have reason to entertain the same feeling4 ,when the social propensities are larger than ,mr4 ,grady's1 the possessor is likely to form such exclusive attachments that the energies are expended in promoting the interests of individuals rather than those of the masses4 ,from your view of the nature of the man1 ,professor1 what would you consider ,mr4 ,grady's chief fault8 ,the lack of self-esteem4 ,that organ is one of the smallest in the whole line of development1 and was1 unquestionably1 his weakness1 as it is unfortunately of too many of our best men4 ,he did not comprehend his own importance1 nor realize the value of his own personality4 ,this defect is directly chargeable with his illness and death4 ,had he possessed a larger development of this organ1 he would have been more cautious concerning his health and personal exposure4 ,there is a kind of unselfish extravagance in this direction which leads to deplorable results4 ,a more selfish nature will husband its strength and escape calamity4 ,had he realized his own value sufficiently1 he would not have gone to ,boston on that fatal trip1 and overtaxed his vitality4 ,he did not comprehend the dignity of his character on any occasion4 ,his friends say that he was as genial and approachable as a school boy1 and that is what ,i should expect to find in a head like his4 ,we might have contented ourselves1 however1 with a more distant manner and a more haughty nature1 for the sake of his self-preservation4 ,there is profit in the study of human nature4 ,we may contemplate the characters of the great to arouse emulation1 of the moderately endowed to suggest improvement1 and of the weak to guard against their failures4 ,phrenology enables us to form correct estimates in each case1 to praise without flattery and to criticise without injustice4 ,there is value in the perpetuation of the physical forms of the illustrious dead upon 'storied urn and animated bust1' as well as in polished granite and enduring marble4 ,for while these monuments cannot ',back to its mansion call the fleeting breath1' still the inspired features and lines of development bear eloquent testimony to the practicability of human improvement1 just as ',lives of great men all remind us1 ,we can make our lives sublime2 ,and1 departing1 leave behind us1 ,footprints in the sands of time4' ,,was ,,hawes ,,insane8 ,a ,scientist's ,theory of a ,most ,atrocious ,crime--,what ,professor ,windsor ,says of ,hawes' ,mental ,peculiarities--,insanity ,which the ,courts ,will ,soon ,recognize4 ,from the ,birmingham 7,ala47 ,age-,herald4 ,prof4 ,william ,windsor1 ,,ll4 ,b41 the noted specialist in phrenology and medical jurisprudence1 was seen by an ,age-,herald reporter at the ,caldwell hotel last night1 and in answer to interrogatories1 made a number of interesting statements concerning the ,hawes tragedy4 ,professor ,windsor has had many years of experience as an expert in the study of insanity in its various phases1 and particularly in reference to crimes and their origin4 ,he enjoys a national reputation in his special lines of study1 and his conclusions have the weight of scientific authority4 ,in regard to the subject of discussion1 he said3 ,i have been greatly interested in the case of ,dick ,hawes ever since the publication of the tragedy1 and have made an exhaustive study1 both of the man and the circumstances of the case4 ,of course1 in the mass of conflicting statements contained in the evidence1 it is impossible to know with definite certainty just how the crime was committed2 but the confessions of ,hawes and the testimony all agree that the man deliberately planned and executed the murder of his family4 ,whether he had the bloody work done or accomplished it with his own hands does not concern us so much as the fact that motives and impulses existed in the mind of a husband and father for the destruction of the lives of those he was bound to protect1 and that those impulses were sufficiently strong to accomplish the execution of the crime4 ,the study of the origin of these motives and impulses are highly interesting1 in view of the fact that they point to conditions of society that are potent for the breeding of similar crimes4 ,to my mind the key-note to the whole case is found in one of the remarks made by ,hawes while standing on the gallows1 to-wit3 ',i want all you boys to let liquor and vile women alone2 see what it has done for me4' ,a careful phrenological estimate of ,dick ,hawes discloses the fact that he was above an average in appearance1 physique and mentality4 ,his brain is massive and of good quality1 though uncultivated4 ,it is not lacking in the organs of benevolence1 sympathy and agreeableness2 in reason1 perception or reflection4 ,he had sufficient caution and conscientiousness to understand right and wrong1 and the consequences of both4 ,there was enough of the affections and social qualities to make him very attractive to women and children1 as his history fully shows1 all of which is fully shown by the fact that he discharged the duties of a responsible position for years1 and commanded a reasonable degree of respect4 ,such men do not commit crime while in a normal condition4 ,it is as physically impossible as it is for water to run up hill4 ,when the domestic relations of such men are blasted by association with prostitutes or by the unchastity of their own wives1 a species of insanity results1 which completely reverses the ego or personality of the man4 ,i have observed hundreds of such cases1 and have never seen an exception to the rule4 ,in scientific parlance his condition is known as 'reversed amativeness1' or a revolution of character1 brought about by an inflamed or abnormal condition of amativeness1 the organ of sexual love4 ,as in a normal state this organ electrifies and strengthens every natural affection1 making every faculty more exquisitely perfect1 so in its inflamed or reversed state it leads to the entire obliteration of every rational sentiment4 ,the particular direction in which this obliteration may manifest itself depends largely on the temperament of the individual and the circumstances of the case4 ,in some men it results in paralysis of the energies1 changing the character into shiftlessness4 ,in other cases it results in destroying the moral sense1 but does not amount to positive viciousness1 while on the other hand it may result as it unquestionably did in this case1 in absolutely perverting the affections so as to render the man incapable of the natural feelings of a husband and father1 and supplying motives which seem to be of the most inhuman character4 ,they are inhuman and unnatural1 but in such cases it is not correct to hold the man as responsible for the deplorable results unless it is clearly proved that the mental unbalance was brought about by his own acts1 performed in a state of conscious free will4 ,the law clearly recognizes that the drunken man is insane1 and holds him responsible for his acts committed while drunk1 if he became drunk through his own volition4 ,if the liquor is proved to have been forced down his throat or he has been drugged by some one else and his mental balance dethroned thereby1 he is not responsible4 ,it is a very nice question to decide in this ,hawes case whether the depraved condition alluded to was the result of his own acts or of his domestic troubles4 ,there is no doubt in my mind but that the species of insanity referred to1 existed in the mind of ,hawes at the time of the tragedy4 ,it is a principle in medical jurisprudence that the more atrocious the crime the stronger is the presumption of insanity in the perpetrator4 ,it is a fact wholly creditable to human nature that horrible crimes are rarely1 if ever1 committed by persons in a normal state of existence4 ,the popular mind is not prepared to receive evidence of insanity in such cases because of the revengeful feeling which naturally animates the minds of men under such circumstances4 ,and there is another difficulty in the way of justice in the fact that this form of insanity is rarely accompanied by such evidences of mania as the uninstructed would demand as necessary to constitute insanity4 ,the perverted state of the affections and the judgment are not necessarily accompanied by the wild ravings and glassy eyes of the lunatic4 ,emotional insanity of this type is only temporary4 ,it may1 also1 only affect a few faculties of the mind necessary to the perpetration of the deed1 while the mental balance of nine-tenths of the man may remain undisturbed4 ,the great fact remains1 in any case1 that by harlotry1 licentiousness and prostitution the grandest intellects are overturned and the most harrowing discords produced in society4 ,as long as society tolerates conditions of ignorance in regard to sexuality1 and fosters or permits establishments having for their avowed purpose the excitement of the passions and the obliteration of the virtues1 we will continue to have repetitions of tragedies similar to the case of ,hawes4 ,,how ,,living ,,heads ,,and ,,dead ,,skulls ,,are ,,measured4 ,an ,interview ,with ,prof4 ,william ,windsor1 ,,ll4 ,b41 the ,distinguished ,phrenologist1 ,lecturer and ,traveler4 ,from the ,memphis 7,tenn47 ,appeal4 ,for several years the citizens of ,memphis have not had an opportunity to hear a discussion of the principles of the science of phrenology1 or character reading4 ,the announcement in yesterday's ,appeal of the series of entertainments to be given in the ,young ,men's ,hebrew ,association ,hall1 by ,prof4 ,wm4 ,windsor1 ,,ll4 ,b41 beginning to-night1 prompted a reporter to call at the ,gayoso hotel last night1 and send his card to the ,professor4 ,he was cordially received by the ,professor's wife1 ,mme4 ,lilla ,d4 ,windsor1 a lady of elegant presence and charming affability of manner1 in their private parlors on the first floor1 and agreeably entertained until the ,professor dismissed several who had called for professional services4 ,the science of phrenology1 said ,professor ,windsor1 smiling1 after the usual greetings and upon learning the object of the visit1 is very much misunderstood4 ,it is a popular error to suppose that we depend upon an examination of depressions and ridges in the cranium1 commonly termed 'bumps1' when1 in fact1 a phrenological examination is based upon a critical inspection of the entire physiological structure and condition1 including comparative development of size and configuration of brain1 as ,i shall demonstrate in the lectures4 ,come this way1 said the ,professor1 leading to another apartment where a uniformed employ was engaged in unpacking several enormous trunks4 ,look at these skulls4 ,here is the skull of a man executed at forty years of age who murdered a family of six persons in ,mississippi in #ahdb4 ,contrast it with this skull of a harmless old negress who died at the comfortable age of #ajh1 and you will see how much difference there is in heads1 and the phrenologist demonstrated by actual measurement that there was over four inches difference in comparative development4 ,he also exhibited to the reporter a number of other crania showing equal diversity of growth4 ,i shall exhibit these crania at the free lectures and demonstrate the scientific principle upon which phrenology rests1 continued the ,professor1 as he conducted the reporter through an inspection of the outfit4 ,here are the three smallest mummies in the world1 besides many other specimens which ,i use in my physiological lectures to the sexes separately4 ,i also use a number of portraits and diagrams in my lectures on matrimony and physiognomy2 but the real demonstration1 of the utility of the work is made in public examinations of leading citizens selected by the audience4 ,it is a fact that character can be read1 and read correctly1 and if this be true1 all that ,i claim for the science in adapting young men1 women and children to proper studies1 professions1 trades1 etc41 follows logically and as a matter of course4 ,it also follows that if one character can be measured scientifically1 a proper choice for associates in matrimony1 business partnerships1 etc41 can be indicated4 ,it is the purpose of the lectures to demonstrate these facts to the satisfaction of the public4 ,the first lecture will be devoted to an exposition of scientific principles1 the second to the application of these principles in choice of professions and trades1 the third to the consideration of matrimony4 ,what shade of meaning do you attach to the word 'anthropologist' as used by you1 ,professor8 ,the word signifies1 in its broadest sense1 a student of human nature4 ,in its application it includes man in all his physical1 mental and social conditions4 ,phrenology is the science of the mind--mental philosophy4 ,anthropology is the science of man--human philosophy4 ,to the proper understanding of these great subjects we must look for the solution of all social problems1 concerning the mental1 moral and physical advancement of the race1 or races1 as the case may be4 ,a pleasant half hour was devoted to conversation1 when the reporter withdrew4 ,professor ,windsor is a gentleman of genial social qualities1 and scholarly in language and appearance4 ,he possesses a magnificent physique1 which he claims to have gained by a strict conformity to his rules of diet and habits of living4 ,he weighs #bjj pounds1 uses no stimulants--tea1 coffee or tobacco--and prides himself on being able to sustain fifteen hours per day of professional labor1 made necessary by his large practice and business management4 ,he has just closed a successful course of twenty-seven consecutive lectures in ,kansas ,city1 and does not seem in the least fatigued4 ,the ,kansas ,city ,star1 in referring to his closing lecture1 speaks of it as one of the finest ever delivered in that metropolis4 ,,crime ,,and ,,its ,,causes4 ,what a ,noted ,specialist ,has to ,say of ,it--,cranial ,malformation the ,genesis of ,much ,crime ,traced to ,other ,sources--,an ,interesting ,talk4 ,from the ,birmingham 7,ala47 ,age-,herald4 ,prof4 ,william ,windsor1 of ,new ,york1 is in the city4 ,he has a reputation that is almost international in his specialty2 for1 as a phrenologist1 his discussion of the physical conditions which lead to crimes1 have had a wide notoriety4 ,chatting with an ,age-,herald reporter last night1 he gave a most interesting and instructive talk on the noted crimes that have occurred during the past ten years4 ,professor ,windsor has studied most of the criminals that have become prominent1 and in a purely scientific way he has gone back of the outward evidences of criminal depravity to understand the physical and possibly hereditary conditions that brought about the overt acts4 ,his fund of information on this subject is almost an inexhaustible one4 ,in discussing the ,maxwell murder1 he said3 ,i was in ,texas at the time of the ,st4 ,louis tragedy4 ,a friend of mine sent me a picture of the alleged murderer1 with a request that ,i give my theory of the crime4 ,like many newspaper cuts1 it was decidedly unsatisfactory2 but the man who made it had caught enough of the likeness to enable me to know the chief characteristics of ,maxwell4 ,explaining the disadvantages under which ,i labored1 ,i at once wrote to him1 and gave my theory of the crime2 and when1 at last1 the matter came out1 ,i found that ,i was right4 ,do you study every criminal case that comes under your observation8 ,of course ,i do4 ,a man who is alive to science can not help doing it4 ,whenever ,i hear of a crime and learn the circumstances of its commission1 ,i at once begin to devote my own mind to the combination of mental qualities which could have rendered it possible4 ,of course it is impossible to understand how some of the terrible acts could have been committed2 but you would be surprised to know how much is revealed by seeing either the man or a good portion of him4 ,the mental characteristics of criminals have much to do with not only the crimes they commit1 but the manner in which they perpetrate their deeds1 and in a consideration of what has been accomplished1 heredity plays a strong part4 ,some men are born with an adeptness for crime of a certain character4 ,let the opportunity arise1 and they yield to the stress of circumstance and become guilty men4 ,i have seen a number of noted criminals who would not have been such1 except for the unfortunate circumstances that made them do an act which left them notorious4 ,how about these bank cashiers who keep skipping off to ,canada8 was asked4 ,well1 there is one singular fact about them4 ,the men who leave seldom have acquisitiveness well developed4 ,they have not a sense of values1 and when they are put in positions of trust1 they fail to appreciate how much is entrusted to them4 ,then they go to squandering8 ,yes1 in one way that is true4 ,they fail to appreciate their responsibilities and take chances4 ,their carelessness soon tells1 and before they know it they are involved4 ,this is the story of more than half the defalcations that have been made public during the past decade4 ,it is not that the men were dishonest to begin with1 but they did not appreciate the value of the securities that were entrusted to them1 and by their laxity allowed themselves to become involved1 and then yielded to temptation through a sense of shame4 ,there are not nearly as many men who are criminals per se as the world believes4 ,many of the criminals so called are not responsible for their acts4 ,their apparent moral obliquity is1 in reality1 a mental deficiency1 for which they are not any more to blame than you or ,i4 ,i have seen men who had been guilty--yes1 even convicted of most heinous crimes1 who from the very conformation of their heads revealed certain things that1 to say the least1 should have been considered in mitigation of their supposed guilt4 ,i have made a study of criminals for years1 and ,i think that it is safe to say that in most cases that have come under my observation there were either congenital or hereditary deformities to which the special obliquity could be traced4 ,such has been the history of crimes in all eras1 and one only has to turn to the medical history of the world to see that scientific men have even given greater cognizance to these causes than can ever be brought before juries composed of men whose training has not been such as to enable them to appreciate how much these physical conditions have to do with the commission of crime4 ,i see men every day who would be criminals if the stress of circumstances forced them to it1 and they would not be entirely responsible for their action4 ,crime has more origin in the head than the heart1 and it is in the study of phrenology that we have the fact revealed4 ,a ,,murderer',s ,,mentality4 ,fritz ,anschlag1 a ,german ,farmer in ,los ,angeles county1 ,california1 in #ahhh murdered ,charles ,hitchcock and wife1 a highly respected couple living at ,garden ,grove in that county1 to obtain possession of their farm1 for which a deed had been executed to him1 but not delivered1 awaiting payment4 ,he was tried1 convicted1 and sentenced to hang1 but defeated the law by committing suicide4 ,an interesting feature of his case was the receipt of a letter from his sister in ,germany1 before his trial1 informing him of the fact that she1 his parents and all his relatives had utterly disowned him and regarded him with no sympathy whatever4 ,as this was done before he was proven guilty1 and upon mere knowledge of the accusation1 it is significant in showing that the whole family were as deficient in the social propensities as was ,anschlag himself4 ,,doomed ,,anschlag4 ,a ,phrenologist ,examines the ,murderer's ,head4--,the ,brute ,becomes ,angry at ,his ,visitors1 ,but ,says ,nothing--,a ,report of the ,examination4 ,from the ,los ,angeles 7,cal47 ,express4 ,this morning1 through the kindness of ,jailor ,henry ,russell1 an ,express reporter was allowed to enter the cell of ,fritz ,anschlag1 the condemned murderer of ,charles ,hitchcock and wife1 of ,garden ,grove1 to witness an examination of ,anschlag's head by ,prof4 ,william ,windsor1 assisted by his wife4 ,jailor ,russell swung open the iron door of the death-watch cell and allowed the reporter and the ,professor1 accompanied by his wife1 to enter1 and then followed himself4 ,as the little party entered the place of confinement1 ,anschlag looked nervously around1 and seeing the visitors1 frowned and mumbled some incoherent words in ,german4 ,the reporter was asked to speak to the murderer in ,german and make known to him the object of the morning's visit4 ,anschlag at first was not willing to have his head examined1 but when assured it might be for his benefit1 he readily consented4 ,professor ,windsor smoothed back ,anschlag's long straight hair from his forehead and running his fingers through the murderer's hair1 began to make an examination4 ,as the professor was going through the preliminary movements1 the brute trembled and turned color several times4 ,during the examination ,professor ,windsor would explain as he went along1 and when finished1 kindly gave the reporter the following written report3 ,anschlag's head measures twenty-two inches around the base of the brain and fourteen inches across the crown4 ,his nature is peculiar in the fact that the organs of the brain which deal with property values1 and the ability to make a living by ordinary transactions1 are almost entirely idiotic4 ,he shows a fair development of memory and perception1 but his ability to reason upon moral questions of right and wrong1 property and the rights of others1 and the consequences of his own acts1 is almost absolutely wanting4 ,he is1 in all respects1 a moral idiot1 and it is a noteworthy fact that the most atrocious crimes are committed by this class of criminal idiots4 ,the great difficulty in his case is in getting the public or a jury to believe that a man may be capable of reasoning on one point and displaying absolutely no power to think correctly on the moral side of the question4 ,the physical fact remains1 however1 that to give ,anschlag correct judgment on any question involving property1 ethics or the consequences of his own acts to himself or others1 his head would have to be enlarged at least an inch in the occipital region and the posterior part of the crown4 ,,anschlag',s ,,mentality4 ,a ,scientific ,estimate of the ,murderer's ,brain--,what ,prof4 ,william ,windsor1 ,,ll4 ,b41 the ,eminent ,phrenologist1 ,says of his ,mental ,caliber--,he ,calls ,him an ,idiot--,no ,more ,moral ,sense ,than a ,dog--,the ,fault ,his ,ancestors'4 ,from the ,los ,angeles 7,cal47 ,tribune4 ,prof4 ,william ,windsor1 ,,ll4 ,b41 the phrenologist whose lectures1 in ,los ,angeles1 last ,january1 excited such general interest1 returned to the city yesterday1 en route for ,san ,diego4 ,he visited the jail yesterday and made an examination of ,fritz ,anschlag1 the noted murderer of the ,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,hitchcock4 ,a representative of the ,tribune called on ,professor ,windsor at the ,st4 ,elmo and requested him to give the readers of this journal the results of his examination of the man whose atrocious crime has absorbed the attention of the public ever since its committal4 ,anschlag is a moral idiot1 said ,professor ,windsor1 in answer to the first interrogatory of the scribe4 ,he belongs to a class of beings who1 from the circumstances of birth and education1 are destitute of the requisite amount of sense necessary to form a correct judgment on moral questions as well as many others4 ,it is a popular error to suppose that phrenology depends upon 'bumps1' so called1 or protuberances or hollows in the conformation of the skull4 ,the conclusions of the phrenologist are based upon estimates of brain fiber1 their quality and length from a point in the base of the brain directly between the ears1 to the surface4 ,this measurement in different heads will show a comparative difference of three or four inches in many cases1 though the heads may be smooth in contour and destitute of 'bumps4' ,just look at these two skulls1 for instance1 placing two ghastly objects on the table1 which1 by actual measurement1 differed more than three inches4 ,does ,anschlag's head resemble either of these8 ,not in all particulars4 ,this1 holding up the broader of the two1 is the skull of ,andrew ,j4 ,mc,cannon1 executed in ,mississippi1 more than forty years ago1 for the murder of the ,adock family1 two adults and three children4 ,it is a case of moral idiocy more pronounced than ,anschlag's4 ,what distinction do you make1 ,professor1 in the case of ,anschlag or this murderer1 and a case of total idiocy such as we all recognize8 ,the difference is partly in degree1 and partly in the fact that a man may be idiotic in one faculty and have all or a majority of the other faculties in the mind in good working order4 ,cases of color-blindness furnish a familiar example4 ,color-blindness is not a defect of the eye1 but a defect of the brain4 ,in other words1 the party is destitute of the sense of color1 and it may be readily detected by a deficiency of brain just above the eye4 ,this head of ,mc,cannon shows a good development of the base of the brain1 giving fine energies and observation1 but the entire upper story is taken away4 ,anschlag1 on the other hand1 shows a good development in front of the ears1 sufficient memory1 sympathy and observation to display more than average intelligence on some points4 ,the organs in the back part of the crown and the occipital region generally1 are almost destitute of power1 and render him incapable of comprehending social relations1 his duties towards others1 or the consequences of his acts4 ,he can not form a correct judgment in regard to the rights of property1 and if he wanted anything he would steal it1 without giving a thought to the question of right or wrong4 ,if he were questioned whether it were right or wrong to steal or murder1 he would answer 'wrong1' because he has heard others say it was wrong1 and he answers from memory alone4 ,if the question could be left entirely to his own judgment1 he would be as absolutely incapable of solving it as a man who is color-blind would be incapable of distinguishing shades of color4 ,if ,anschlag's head was as deficient in all points as he is in the region behind the ears1 what would be the result8 inquired the reporter4 ,it would be much the same as this1 replied the phrenologist1 producing a cast of the head of an adult idiot destitute of all resemblance to the head of a human being1 and showing a short development of brain fiber at all points4 ,it is a noteworthy fact that the most revolting crimes are generally committed by the insane and the morally idiotic because their condition renders them incapable of understanding the moral side of the question4 ,a single life or a dozen lives which stand in the way of their accomplishing a purpose1 are regarded by them as simply so many obstacles to be overcome1 and if1 as in ,anschlag's case1 the organs giving conscientiousness and fear of consequences are weak1 they will not hesitate to destroy life to carry out a design4 ,do you consider ,anschlag insane within the meaning of the law as to responsibility for crime8 ,he is idiotic in the particulars mentioned1 and is incapable of exercising moral responsibility in any case4 ,he is likely to commit homicide upon any occasion which may seem to him to be expedient4 ,i would not hold him responsible more than ,i would hold a horse1 dog1 or any other animal incapable of correct reason4 ,where1 then1 would you fix the responsibility for the murder of the victims8 ,upon ,anschlag's parents and ancestors generally1 and upon the condition of society which permits marriages and sexual conditions in parents which can not bring about other than deplorable results4 ,anschlag's condition is the result of ignorant violation of natural law on the part of his ancestors1 dating back for generations4 ,much could have been done for him by a proper education4 ,that it was not done is merely another unfortunate link in a melancholy chain of calamities4 ,,phrenology ,,in ,,politics4 ,some ,important ,facts in ,physiology ,which ,politicians ,do not ,take into ,account--,the ,lessons of the ,recent ,election ,considered ,from a ,phrenological ,standpoint--,characteristics of ,some ,leading ,men4 ,from the ,dallas 7,texas7 ,news1 ,nov4 #aj1 #ahhh4 ,there are some facts which play an important part in politics1 said ,prof4 ,wm4 ,windsor1 the phrenologist1 to a ,news representative last night after the professor had dismissed his audience in ,hill's business college hall after an interesting lecture on physiognomy1 which politicians1 as a rule1 do not consider4 ,of course any man of intelligence who plays long at the game of politics comes to possess a certain kind of shrewdness in judging human nature2 but very few of them are able to recognize and define the subtile constitutional influences which predetermine the success or failure of the aspirant for political honors4 ,such influences1 however1 exist1 and other things being equal1 or approximately so1 it is entirely possible to select1 out of a number of candidates1 the ones who will succeed by sheer force of physical attributes4 ,there are men who are by nature qualified to lead in great enterprises1 and they owe their success in attracting the support of their followers not so much to the development of intellect and shrewdness as to the strong attachment arising from a large development of the brain back of the ears in those regions which give courage and social fraternity4 ,after many years' careful study of the subject1 ,i am positive in the opinion that a strong preponderance of the electric temperament is of the greatest importance in the constitutional qualifications of a man who assumes the task of a political race in anything of higher moment than a county election4 ,the magnetic temperament seems to be particularly unfortunate in political contests4 ,what are the distinguishing characteristics of these temperaments8 ,the electric is the brunette1 the magnetic is the blonde4 ,of the former1 ,general ,harrison is a fine example2 so were his ancestors1 who have played a conspicuous part in history4 ,the electric temperament is dark and swarthy in complexion1 angular in configuration1 tenacious and strong in texture1 and possesses a well-rounded back head1 giving large organs of social fraternity1 courage1 caution and self-reliance4 ,in ,general ,harrison1 these traits are somewhat softened by a superabundant vitality1 but the traits are all there4 ,john ,a4 ,logan was a magnificent type of this temperament4 ,abraham ,lincoln personified it in all its angularity and simplicity4 ,governor ,ross1 of this ,state1 is strongly marked with it2 while1 to come nearer home1 your own ,barney ,gibbs is as good an example of the vital phase of it as ,lincoln was of the motive4 ,nearly all the ,presidents of the ,united ,states were strongly endowed with this temperament1 except ,rutherford ,b4 ,hayes1 who1 on the contrary1 was a fine example of the magnetic4 ,you will remember that he was a sort of accidental ,president1 anyhow1 and that he was the result of a compromise in his own party1 in a convention in which several electric temperament candidates had produced a deadlock4 ,you will also remember that his administration was characterized by no act of ,national importance and that at its close he was relegated to an obscurity such as has never befallen any other ex-,president4 ,how about the ,national legislature8 ,three-fourths of the members of ,congress and a greater proportion of the ,senate are brunettes4 ,the same rule holds good in ,state legislatures as far as ,i have observed4 ,the temperament which stands second best in political preferment is the magnetic mental4 ,sam ,j4 ,tilden1 ,levi ,p4 ,morton and ,thomas ,a4 ,hendricks represent this type4 ,it owes its success to the depth and intensity of its intellectual development1 which frequently creates a demand for its services in great emergencies4 ,it is characterized by brilliancy1 integrity and the ability to accumulate a barrel of money1 which is also useful in political emergencies4 ,if the blonde is a failure in politics1 wherein does he find his proper sphere of usefulness8 ,the blonde is an organization of wonderful versatility and commands influence and wins applause in vocations calling for spirit and vigor displayed at short and frequent intervals1 rather than for continued tension on the nerves and muscles4 ,he is warm1 enthusiastic1 generous1 impulsive1 and deficient in the selfish propensities and in ambition4 ,he loves display and would like to have power1 but is inadequate to the continued effort and the endurance necessary to obtain it4 ,he wields a more potent influence in the pulpit1 on the rostrum or in journalism4 ,george ,w4 ,peck1 ,t4 ,de,witt ,talmage and ,r4 ,b4 ,hayes represent three different types of this temperament all possessing these attributes4 ,what about ,cleveland and ,blaine8 ,cleveland and ,blaine are both examples of modified forms of the ,magnetic temperament1 more marked in ,blaine's case than in ,cleveland's4 ,the student of politics will do well to observe that the defeat of ,blaine in #ahhd and of ,cleveland in #ahhh were both due to defections from their own ranks toward opponents of greater power in the particulars mentioned4 ,reasoning from purely physiological grounds1 ,i believe ,cleveland would have defeated ,blaine had he been renominated in #ahhh4 ,the study of human nature from any standpoint is interesting2 doubly so when viewed in the light of great events which 'try men's souls1' in fact1 whether they be ,presidential elections1 the clash of armies or the great discoveries of scientific students4 ,illustration3 ,,phrenology ,,symbolized4 ,copyright1 #ahie- ,,by ,,prof4 ,,wm4 ,,windsor1 ,,ll4 ,b41 ,ph4 ,d4 ,the ,symbolical ,phrenological ,head1 ,showing the ,location of the organs of the ,brain4 ,illustration3 ,,groups ,,of ,,organs4 ,,definitions ,,of ,,the ,,faculties ,,of ,,intelligence4 ,,physical ,,love4 ,amativeness--,reproductive love2 love of the opposite sex1 and desire to unite in sexual relations and enjoy its company4 ,sexuality--,sexual friendship and fidelity4 ,philoprogenitiveness--,parental love2 love of offspring and pets4 ,friendship--,adhesiveness2 gregariousness2 love of family2 desire for companionship2 attachment to friends4 ,inhabitiveness--,love of home1 place of abode2 love of country and offensive and defensive patriotism4 ,continuity--,the faculty of connection4 ,the ability to comprehend continuousness or interruption2 to give undivided and continued attention to one subject1 or to interrupt intelligently2 application1 connectedness4 ,,energy4 ,vitativeness--,the love of life2 desire to exist4 ,combativeness--,defense2 courage2 defiance2 force of character1 energy and indignation4 ,executiveness--,executive ability2 extermination2 thoroughness and severity4 ,alternativeness--,desire for food and drink2 faculty of discriminating taste4 ,acquisitiveness--,desire for property2 industry2 economy in acquiring property2 realization of value4 ,secretiveness--,reserve2 concealment2 policy2 conservatism4 ,caution--,prudence2 solicitude2 timidity2 fear2 apprehension of danger4 ,,dignity4 ,approbativeness--,love of display2 the desire to please2 ambition to gain admiration and popularity4 ,self-esteem--,dignity2 governing power2 independence2 self-love4 ,firmness--,stability2 perseverance2 decision2 inflexibility of purpose4 ,justice--,righteousness2 integrity2 circumspection2 scrupulousness in matters of duty4 ,,sympathy4 ,hope--,belief in future joy2 tendency to high expectations4 ,faith--,trust and belief4 ,confidence4 ,veneration--,reverence and worship2 deference for superiors1 and submission to superior power4 ,benevolence--,the desire to do good2 sympathy2 philanthropy4 ,imitation--,the copying faculty4 ,the ability to conform to existing customs1 conditions and facts by imitating them4 ,sympathy--,the power to discern motives1 character and qualities in other persons by sympathetic action4 ,suavity--,agreeableness2 tendency to speak and act in a pleasant manner4 ,,objective ,,intellect4 ,individuality--,observation and desire to see things1 to identify and separate objects4 ,form--,observation of the shape of things4 ,sensitiveness to correctness or the lack of it in shapes4 ,size--,power to measure distances1 quantities and sizes4 ,weight--,perception of the effect of gravity1 and sense of the perpendicular4 ,color--,the discrimination of hues and colors4 ,order--,faculty of arrangement2 method2 system2 neatness4 ,number--,the power to count1 enumerate1 reckon1 etc42 faculty of calculation4 ,motion--,ability to comprehend movement4 ,love of motion1 sailing1 navigation1 riding1 dancing1 etc4 ,experience--,the historic faculty2 faculty of experience and occurrence4 ,locality--,discernment of position1 perception of place4 ,time--,consciousness of duration2 faculty of time1 promptness4 ,tune--,appreciation of sound2 ability to distinguish musical tones4 ,constructiveness--,dexterity and ingenuity2 ability in construction2 faculty of adjustment4 ,language--,power of expression and ability to talk2 verbal expression2 vocabulary4 ,,subjective ,,intellect4 ,causality--,the ability to comprehend principles1 and to think abstractly2 to understand the relation between cause and effect4 ,comparison--,the analyzing1 illustrating and comparing faculty4 ,ideality--,love of the beautiful2 desire for perfection1 refinement4 ,sublimity--,love of grandeur and the stupendous2 appreciation of the terrific4 ,mirthfulness--,wit2 humor2 love of fun4 ,,the ,,phrenological ,,examination4 ,the ,phrenological ,examination is designed to show in an accurate and scientific manner the size and development of ,brain of the person measured1 and to furnish a basis upon which an accurate and reliable knowledge of the character may be determined4 ,the measurements can only be correctly made by an expert familiar with the principles of ,phrenology4 ,when these measurements are determined according to the system1 the ,phrenologist is enabled to make a ,complete ,delineation of the character1 describing the amount and kind of sense possessed by the individual1 his adaptation to a particular ,business1 ,trade or ,profession1 where that kind and amount of ,intelligence is required1 the adaptation in ,matrimony or ,business ,partnership1 together with special directions as to faults and how to correct them1 health and longevity and how to secure both4 ,the expert must be able to judge the ,physiological ,condition1 ,temperament and ,organic ,quality of the individual with scientific accuracy1 and these are important elements in a scientific delineation of character4 ,phrenological ,examinations are said to be given orally when no record is made of the conclusions of the examiner4 ,a ,phrenological ,chart is a blank prepared for concise written statements2 and the chart filled out is said to constitute a ,delineation of ,character4 ,phrenometrical ,measurements are given by means of the ,phrenometer1 an instrument used for measuring the head1 by which the exact form and size of sections of the head can be reproduced upon diagrams prepared for the purpose4 ,this is the most valuable and reliable way of making an examination4 ,a phrenograph is a written description of the character of an individual1 giving all the minute points and shadings of character in the language of the examiner1 and its value depends upon the perspicuity and literary expression of the writer not less than upon his skill as a phrenologist4 ,illustration3 ,,prof4 ,,windsor',s ,,assistants ,,making ,a ,,phrenometrical ,,survey4 ,it must be evident from the foregoing that the value of the service rendered by the phrenologist varies1 as in all other professions1 according to his education and training1 the instruments with which he works1 the elaborateness of the product and the adaptation of the phrenologist to his own business4 ,the public should be warned against patronizing men who practice ,phrenology in a way that would bring any business into ridicule4 ,men who are uneducated1 who do not use the latest and best equipments1 who have never had any professional training1 who do not comprehend professional ethics or dignity1 and who do not possess the elements of success in their own characters1 are hardly the ones to whom an intelligent man would submit the most important questions concerning his own welfare with the hope of receiving competent advice4 ,but ,phrenology has been cursed with this class of quacks1 perhaps even more than the profession of medicine4 ,and it is largely due to the stupendous blunders of such pretenders that ,phrenology is not recognized more generally by intelligent scientists4 ,considered in its beauty and simplicity1 it certainly offers a more rational and practical system of mental philosophy than has ever been otherwise formulated4 ,,examples ,,of ,,phrenometrical ,,measurements4 ,illustration3 ,,fig4 #a4 ,,combative4 ,illustration3 ,,fig4 #b4 ,,non-,,combative4 ,sections of base of brain1 showing development of physical energy4 ,the dotted lines in ,fig4 #b show the deficiency in alimentiveness1 executiveness and combativeness4 ,illustration3 ,,fig4 #c4 ,,non-,,sympathetic4 ,illustration3 ,,fig4 #d4 ,,sympathetic4 ,profile sections showing development of sympathy and dignity4 ,the dotted line in ,fig4 #c shows deficiency in ,human ,nature and ,benevolence4 ,illustration3 ,,fig4 #e4 ,,moderate ,,capacity4 ,illustration3 ,,fig4 #f4 ,,great ,,capacity4 ,two sections of the region of subjective intellect1 showing different capacities of two individuals4 ,,examinations ,,from ,,photographs4 ,phrenological examinations can be made from photographs with accuracy1 provided the photograph is a correct likeness1 and some additional information can be supplied4 ,owing to obvious difficulties1 absolute correctness cannot be guaranteed1 but the results are sufficiently valuable to justify the expedient wherever it is impossible to submit the living head4 ,to obtain satisfactory results the photograph should be cabinet size1 and should show the form of the head and face as plainly as possible4 ,very little can be told from a photograph when a hat is worn1 or when the personality is covered with millinery1 wigs1 bangs1 uniforms1 etc41 etc4 ,a plain photograph1 showing a three-quarter view of the face1 is best4 ,front views and profiles are valuable for some points and worthless for others4 ,when it is possible1 a three-quarter view1 front and profile may all be submitted with good results4 ,the forms of examinations and charts from photographs and prices charged for the service are the same as for the living subject1 except that the ,phrenometer measurements cannot be given from a photograph1 and an oral examination cannot be given by mail4 ,persons who have already been examined by me and who hold certificates for ,forms ,,ii1 ,,iii or ,,iv1 may have opinions on ,business ,partnership or ,matrimony at one dollar for short opinions1 and five dollars for the elaborate form4 ,in all other cases prices are as follows3 ,business ,chart and ,general ,advice #e #jj ,business ,chart and ,adaptation in ,matrimony #aj #jj ,adaptation in ,matrimony only #e #jj ,elaborate ,phrenograph on all subjects #be #jj ,information ,required4 ,illustration ,take the following measurements of the head3 ,pass a tape measure around the circumference of the base of the brain1 passing just above the eyebrows and just above the ears4 ,this is called the basilar circumference4 ,also measure the distance from the bottom of the orifice of one ear to the corresponding point of the other1 over the top of the head at the highest point4 ,this is called the trans-coronal measurement4 ,then copy and fill out the following blank1 and submit with the photograph3 -- ,do not cut or mutilate this page4 ,name of original of photo ,address ,age,weight,height ,sex,color of hair,color of eyes ,basilar circumference of headinches4 ,trans-coronal measurementinches4 ,circumference of chest1 lungs emptyinches4 ,circumference of chest1 lungs filledinches4 ,condition of health ,amount of education received ,present occupation ,information most especially desired ,number of photographs enclosed ,to be returned to 7,write return address plainly7 ,form of examination requested ,fee enclosed1 ,stamps enclosed for return ,when all the above points can be stated it is desirable that it should be done4 ,when it is impossible to do so1 the blanks may be filled out in part1 and ,i will in all cases do the best that can be done with information at hand4 ,address all correspondence on this subject to ,,dr4 ,,william ,,windsor1 ,box #ff1 ,st4 ,paul1 ,minn4 ,,the ,,grand ,,table ,,of ,,vitosophy and ,supplementary ,tables4 ,printed in large type on heavy cardboard #ajd inches1 suitable for hanging1 containing four pages of valuable information as follows3 ,,page ,i4 ,the ,grand ,table of ,vitosophy1 consisting of seven columns comprising the ,conditions of ,life1 the ,seven ,senses1 the ,temperaments1 the ,vital ,organs1 the ,functions1 the ,seven ,virtues and the ,elements of ,happiness arranged in juxtaposition with notes and explanations4 ,in two colors4 ,,page ,,ii4 ,the ,supplementary ,tables of ,vitosophy1 comprising the ,vital ,organs and their ,indicators1 the table of ,vices and ,consequences4 ,the table of ,virtues1 ,results and ,attributes1 the table of ,temperaments and ,colors4 ,the ,vitosophical ,symbols1 their ,significance and related colors with notes and explanations4 ,each ,symbol on this page is painted by hand1 giving its appropriate color4 ,,page ,,iii4 ,contains a large ,phrenological ,head with names and ,symbols of the ,phrenological ,areas and ,names and ,definitions of the corresponding ,faculties of ,intelligence4 ,in two colors4 ,,page ,,iv4 ,the ,vitosophist's ,creed4 ,beautifully printed in two colors in ,old ,english ,text and giving the seven articles of belief of the true vitosophist1 expressing rationally his belief in and relation to the subjects of ,god1 ,life ,eternal1 ,death1 ,immortality1 ,evil and ,good1 the forces of ,nature1 the practice of the ,virtues and the attainment of ,happiness4 ,this is a work of ,art and is worthy of a place of honor in the library1 study or school room4 ,mailed flat1 to any address1 securely packed1 postpaid4 ,price ,one ,dollar4 ,address ,dr4 ,wm4 ,windsor1 ,box #ff1 ,st4 ,paul1 ,minn4 ,,eat ,,some ,,sand6 ,let good digestion wait on appetite1 and ,health on both4 ,shakespeare4 ,illustration3 ,dr4 ,wm4 ,windsor ,,the ,,sand ,,man ,,purified ,,sand ,,for ,,table ,,use ,price per ,pound #ej ,cents ,prepared and ,sold by ,,dr4 ,,william ,,windsor ,box #ff1 ,st4 ,paul1 ,minn4 #ehc ,riverside ,drive1 ,new ,york #adbf ,fourth ,ave4 ,seattle1 ,wash4 ,the ,fairy ,tale of your youth described the ,sand ,man as the good spirit who brought sleep to your eye-lids4 ,dr4 ,windsor has brought restful sleep to thousands by producing a good digestion1 without which perfect sleep is impossible4 ,,directions ,a ,tablespoonful of ,purified ,sand taken after each meal promotes digestion1 disinfects the ,alimentary ,canal1 sweetens the ,breath and positively cures ,indigestion1 ,constipation1 ,chronic ,diarrhoea1 ,summer ,complaint and all disorders of the ,stomach and ,bowels4 ,this ,sand is absolutely pure and contains no medication whatever4 ,drink liberal quantities of pure water for best results4 ,,the ,,vitosophy ,,club ,,lessons ,a ,course of ,instruction ,by ,mail1 ,extending ,over a ,year of ,time1 ,which ,makes ,you ,happy1 ,healthy and ,prosperous4 ,hundreds of young men and women drag along in comparative poverty and uncongenial occupations and surroundings1 because they have never learned how to get away from these conditions4 ,many others wonder why they never get ahead when they work so faithfully and try so hard4 ,often the reason of failure is found in some mild form of disease1 so mild in fact that it escapes the notice of the sufferer himself4 ,sometimes it is a wrong personal habit1 or some fault of dress or manner which continually destroys the possibility of success4 ,for a quarter of a century ,dr4 ,william ,windsor has been the friend and advisor of young men and women in the art of self-improvement4 ,in hundreds of instances of which testimonials are on file1 he has in one short interview1 set a man on the path of success and a woman in the possession of happiness4 ,he writes a great many long letters to individuals who lay the story of their lives and their struggles before him and solves many of their heart-breaking problems4 ,,the ,,vitosophy ,,club ,,lessons are the result of this large experience and are now for the first time presented in the form of a concise course of study in elegantly printed lessons1 which are issued in monthly installments of from four to six lessons at a time--a year's issue covering fifty-two lessons--one for each week of the year4 ,members of the ,vitosophy ,club make a practice of taking each lesson as a subject of thought and action for one week1 carefully conforming conduct and observation to it for self-improvement and experiment1 with wonderfully satisfactory results4 ,,learn ,,to ,,read ,,character4 ,the ,elementary and ,ethical ,lessons ,nos4 #a to #bg1 constitute an excellent elementary instruction in the science of ,vitosophy1 embracing the basic principles of ,genetics1 ,phrenology and ,ethics1 and enable the member to acquire a very comprehensive knowledge of the greatest of all educational subjects--,human ,character4 ,the ,health ,lessons ,nos4 #bh to #ci1 cover all the essential instructions necessary to applying the ,vitosophical principles of healing1 enabling the member to keep himself in perfect ,health1 and extend his ,knowledge to others who ignorantly suffer4 ,,the ,,lessons ,,on ,,personal ,,habits inculcate the highest form of personal agreeableness and the conditions essential to success4 ,read the titles of ,nos4 #dj to #ej which speak for themselves4 ,the two ,financial ,lessons at the close of the series contain information which has directly caused the financial success of many prosperous men and women who gratefully attest the value of ,dr4 ,windsor's advice and counsel4 ,these ,lessons must not be confounded with ,the ,delineation of ,character which is furnished by ,dr4 ,windsor in his private interviews with individuals1 or by mail from photographs1 which is an entirely distinct service4 ,you need the ,delineation of your ,character to show you your personal weak and strong points1 your faults and how to correct them1 talents and how to use them2 your adaptation in ,business1 ,marriage1 ,climate and ,place of ,residence1 etc41 all of which is based on your personal conditions4 ,then you should take the ,vitosophy ,club ,lessons to learn the principles of the ,science and how to apply them to yourself and others in reading character1 healing diseases1 and making yourself socially and financially successful4 ,you can take the ,delineation of ,character without the ,lessons1 or the ,vitosophy ,club ,lessons without the ,delineation1 but you need both and both are essential to your health1 your education1 your financial success and your personal happiness4 ,,list ,,of ,,vitosophy ,,club ,,lessons ,this splendid course of instruction is sold at ,ten ,dollars4 ,delineations of ,character are given at various prices1 according to what you require4 ,i4 ,elementary and ,ethical #a4 ,vitosophy--,the ,wise ,way of ,living4 #b4 ,the ,vitosophy ,club4 #c4 ,phrenology4 #d4 ,the ,elements of ,character4 #e4 ,explanation of the ,symbolical ,head4 #f4 ,the ,study of ,temperament4 #g4 ,how to use the ,grand ,table of ,vitosophy4 #h4 ,how to use the ,supplementary ,tables4 #i4 ,how to ,cure the ,poverty ,disease4 #aj4 ,the ,cure of ,catarrh4 #aa4 ,the ,seven ,symbols of ,vitosophy4 #ab4 ,the ,seven ,commandments4 #ac4 ,the ,vitosophist's ,creed4 #ad4 ,the ,forty-nine ,vitosophical ,resolutions4 #ae4 ,phrenology as an ,element in ,business ,success4 #af4 ,vitosophical ,education4 #ag4 ,crimes1 ,criminals and ,punishments4 #ah4 ,the ,study of ,justice4 #ai4 ,how ,children are ,developed into ,criminals4 #bj4 ,analysis of ,love and ,friendship4 #ba4 ,the ,value of ,song4 #bb4 ,dancing as a ,means of ,physical and ,mental ,culture4 #bc4 ,matrimony or the ,selection of ,companions4 #bd4 ,how to ,improve ,memory4 #be4 ,the ,conquest of the ,vices4 #bf4 ,the ,individual ,flavor4 #bg4 ,companionship--,the ,central ,fact in ,life4 ,,ii4 ,health4 #bh4 ,how to be ,healthy4 #bi4 ,the ,current of ,magnetism and ,how to ,control ,it4 #cj4 ,condensed ,directions for the ,practice of ,vitosophy in all ,forms of ,disease4 #ca4 ,the ,cure of ,weak ,nutrition4 #cb4 ,letter to a ,kentucky ,editor ,afflicted with ,indigestion and ,constipation4 #cc4 ,letter to a ,young ,lady ,supposed to be ,afflicted with ,tuberculosis4 #cd4 ,the ,cure of ,catarrhal ,deafness4 #ce4 ,the ,cure of ,rheumatism4 #cf4 ,the ,cure of ,epilepsy1 ,fits or ,convulsions4 #cg4 ,the ,cure of ,consumption4 #ch4 ,the ,cure of ,constipation in ,infants4 #ci4 ,why ,you ,should ,eat ,sand4 ,,iii4 ,personal ,habits4 #dj4 ,keeping the ,body ,clean4 #da4 ,the ,art of ,eating4 #db4 ,the ,art of ,bathing4 #dc4 ,the ,art of ,sleeping4 #dd4 ,the ,art of ,drinking4 #de4 ,the ,art of ,personal ,agreeableness4 #df4 ,improvement of ,personal ,appearance4 #dg4 ,improvement of ,personal ,manners4 #dh4 ,the ,promotion of ,comfort4 #di4 ,the ,harmony of ,colors and ,persons4 #ej4 ,the ,care of the ,nostrils4 ,,iv4 ,financial4 #ea4 ,vitosophical ,rules for ,business ,success4 #eb4 ,the ,secret of ,salesmanship or ,negative and ,positive ,dollars4 ,address ,dr4 ,wm4 ,windsor1 ,box #ff1 ,st4 ,paul1 ,minn4 ,just ,published6 ,send in ,your ,order6 ,the ,new ,vitosophical ,text ,book ,the ,solution of the ,problem of ,human ,life ,according ,to ,vitosophy ,the ,wise ,way of ,living ,by ,,william ,,windsor1 ,,ll4,b41 ,ph4 ,d4 ,this new and attractive volume of about two hundred pages is a complete revision of the ,elementary ,text ,book1 formerly sold exclusively at ,dr4 ,windsor's ,class ,lectures1 to which has been added the complete set of ,vitosophical ,health ,lessons which have heretofore been sold at the regular price of ten dollars4 ,the entire work has been reviewed and rearranged1 and some parts of the ,health ,lessons entirely rewritten1 bringing the subject matter fully abreast of the latest and best discoveries in the science4 ,it is the design of this work to present a complete elementary instruction in the principles of ,vitosophy1 especially in its bearings on character study and health culture and the prevention and cure of all forms of disease that do not call for the services of a surgeon4 7,,see ,,next ,,page7 ,,table ,,of ,,contents ,,preface ,chapter ,i4--,,elementary ,,principles ,,of ,,vitosophy1 ,definitions1 ,genetics1 ,phrenology1 ,ethics4 ,the ,temperaments1 ,explanation of ,electric1 ,magnetic1 ,alkali1 ,acid1 ,vital1 ,mental1 ,motive1 ,organic ,quality4 ,chapter ,,ii4--,definitions of the ,,faculties ,,of ,,intelligence4 ,chapter ,,iii4--,the ,seven ,conditions of ,life4 ,the ,,earth and its ,uses4 ,chapter ,,iv4--,,water1 ,rules for ,drinking and ,bathing4 ,chapter ,v4--,,food1 ,the ,vitosophical ,law of ,diet4 ,seven ,rules for the ,selection and ,eating of ,food4 ,chapter ,,vi4--,,companionship1 its uses and abuses4 ,chapter ,,vii4--,,magnetism4 ,complete exposition of the ,nature of ,electricity and ,magnetism according to the ,system of ,genetics4 ,chapter ,,viii4--,,air4 ,correct ,principles of ,ventilation4 ,chapter ,,ix4--,,liberty4 ,seven ,kinds of ,liberty essential to ,happiness4 ,chapter ,x4--,,the ,,gift ,,of ,,healing4 ,a ,complete ,exposition of the ,functions and their ,derangements ,causing ,disease1 and the ,vitosophical ,remedies4 ,chapter ,,xi4--,,nervousness4 ,principal causes and the means of cure and inducement of ,dreamless ,sleep4 ,cure of ,insomnia4 ,chapter ,,xii4--,,the ,,current ,,of ,,magnetism ,,and ,,how ,,to ,,control ,,it4 ,simple ,rules for the treatment of all ,diseases not requiring ,surgery4 ,price #b4jj ,postpaid ,address ,dr4 ,wm4 ,windsor ,box #ff ,st4 ,paul1 ,minn4 ,,two ,,companion ,,books ,,uniform ,,in ,,size ,,hand ,,book of ,universal ,information ,,and ,,encyclopedia ,,of ,,practical ,,recipes ,illustration ,no home is complete without this book1 ,is the opinion of thousands who have had occasion to use a few of the hundreds of recipes and information so essential to the housekeeper1 farmer1 mechanic1 merchant1 laborer and all others who wish to travel the road others have1 to wealth and happiness4 ,it reveals the secret processes of making patent medicines1 inventions1 and discoveries that have brought fortunes to their owners4 ,substantially bound in cloth4 ,price1 #a4jj ,in paper cover1 #ej ,,donohue',s ,,manual of ,general ,information ,illustration ,this book is worth its weight in gold4 ,this is the most compact1 concise and complete handy manual of ,general ,information ever published4 ,it contains the latest census statistics1 postal regulations1 salaries of all government officials1 valuable tables1 and a vast fund of useful information found only in a hundred books1 each costing more than we ask for this one4 ,substantially bound in cloth4 ,price1 #a4jj ,in paper cover #ej ,for sale by all book and newsdealers or sent postpaid to any address in the ,united ,states1 ,canada or ,mexico upon receipt of price in currency1 postal or express money order4 ,m4 ,a4 ,,donohue ,,co4 #gja-gjg ,s ,,dearborn ,,street 33 ,,chicago ,,always ,,ask ,,for ,,the ,,donohue ,complete ,editions and you will get the best for the least money ,,there ,,is ,,money ,,in ,,poultry ,,american ,,standard ,,perfection ,,poultry ,,book1 ,by ,i4 ,k4 ,,felch4 ,illustration ,yet many old-fashion farmers are inclined to discredit the statement4 ,why8 ,because they are not up to the new and improved ideas in poultry management4 ,a little trial of the rules laid down in these books will soon dispel all misgivings in this direction and tend to convince the most skeptical that there is money in poultry-keeping4 ,it contains a complete description of all the varieties of fowls1 including turkeys1 ducks and geese4 ,this book contains double the number of illustrations found in any similar work4 ,it is the best and cheapest poultry book on the market4 ,paper covers1 #be4 ,cloth1 prepaid1 #ej ,,poultry ,,culture ,by ,i4 ,k4 ,,felch4 ,illustration ,how to raise1 manage1 mate and judge thoroughbred fowls1 by ,i4 ,k4 ,felch1 the acknowledged authority on poultry matters4 ,thorough2 comprehensive and complete treatise on all kinds of poultry4 ,cloth1 #dch pages1 large #abmo1 and over #gj full-page and other illustrations4 ,printed from clear type on good paper stamped on side and back from ornate1 appropriate designs4 ,price1 prepaid1 #a4jj ,for sale by all book and newsdealers1 or will send to any address in the ,united ,states1 ,canada or ,mexico upon receipt of price1 in currency1 money order or stamps4 ,m4 ,a4 ,,donohue ,,co4 #gja-gbg ,s ,,dearborn ,,street ,,chicago