,,lady ,,cadogan',s ,illustrated ,games of ,solitaire or ,patience ,,new ,,revised ,,edition ,,including ,american ,games ,how poor are they that have not patience4--,,othello4 ,patientia vincit4 ,,philadelphia ,,david ,mc,k,a,y ,,company ,washington ,square ,copyright1 #aiad1 by ,,david ,,mckay ,,company ,printed in ,united ,states of ,america ,transcriber's ,note3 ,this alphabetical list of the games was produced for the convenience of the reader and is not contained in the original text4 ,,contents ,,anna ,,the ,,fifteen ,,babette ,,the ,,fish-,,bone ,c,,sar ,,the ,,flower-,,garden ,,canfield ,,or ,,klondike ,,the ,,four ,,corners ,,fortress ,,the ,,fourteenth ,,general ,,sedgewick ,,the ,,great ,,thirteen ,,la ,,belle ,,lucie ,,the ,,hemispheres ,,la ,,nivernaise ,,the ,,herring-,,bone ,,light ,,and ,,shade ,,the ,,kings ,,margarethe ,,the ,,labyrinth ,,mount ,,olympus ,,the ,,louis ,,patience ,,napoleon ,,at ,,st4 ,,helena ,,the ,,mill ,,napoleon',s ,,square ,,the ,,nation ,,nestor ,,the ,,olga ,,red ,,and ,,black ,,the ,,queens ,,sly ,,the ,,salic ,,law ,,spenser',s ,,fairie ,,queen ,,the ,,shah ,,the ,,besieged ,,city ,,the ,,square ,,the ,,blockade ,,the ,,sultan ,,the ,,carpet ,,the ,,terrace ,,the ,,clock ,,the ,,wheel ,,the ,,congress ,,the ,,zodiac ,,the ,,constitution ,,two ,,rings ,,the ,,empress ,,of ,,india ,,explanation ,,of ,,the ,,tableaux ,the blank spaces show where the foundation cards should be played during the deal4 ,,explanation ,,of ,,terms ,available cards4 ,those that are not blocked by other cards1 i4e41 not forbidden by the particular rules of each game1 to be used4 ,released cards4 ,those which1 by the removal of the cards that blocked them1 have now become available4 ,suitable cards4 ,those whose value and suit fit them to be played or placed in the tableaux4 ,foundation cards4 ,those on which the ,patience is formed4 ,these are generally aces and kings4 ,marriage4 ,the placing a card of the same suit on the next one above or below it in value4 ,any number may be placed on each other in this way4 ,sequence4 ,the regular succession of cards ascending from ace to king1 or descending from king to ace2 a sequence need not be of one suit4 ,value4 ,the figures of the court cards1 and the number of points of the minor ones4 ,suit4 ,either hearts1 spades1 diamonds1 or clubs4 ,lane4 ,an empty space in the tableau1 which has been formed by the removal of an entire row of cards4 ,talon4 ,cards which1 being unsuitable at the moment1 are laid aside in one or more packets till they can come into use4 ,to play cards4 ,the placing them on the foundations in contradistinction to placing them elsewhere4 ,re-deals4 ,these are always in addition to the original deal4 ,illustration3 ,,la ,,belle ,,lucie4 ,,la ,,belle ,,lucie ,one ,entire ,pack of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the uppermost card of each packet is alone available1 until by its removal it releases the one beneath4 ,,ii4 ,the foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,deal out the entire pack in packets of three cards dealt together and placed as in tableau4 ,the last packet1 however1 will contain but one card4 ,the four aces form the foundation cards1 and are to ascend in sequence to kings4 ,having placed the tableau1 take any aces that may appear on the surface of the packets and play them in their allotted spaces1 and upon them any other suitable cards1 subject to ,rule ,i4 ,when all available cards have been played1 you proceed to release others1 by forming marriages in a descending line on the tableau2 but great care is requisite1 lest in releasing one card another still more necessary to success should be blocked4 ,the whole tableau should be carefully examined1 and the combinations arranged so as to release the greatest number of suitable cards4 ,when this has been done1 and there are no more available cards to play1 the entire tableau may be taken up1 shuffled and re-dealt 7if necessary twice71 then played again as before4 ,this game can also be played with two packs1 the eight aces forming the foundation cards1 and double the number of packets being dealt for the tableau4 ,it is then called ,,the ,,house ,,in ,,the ,,wood4 ,there is also another way of playing it with two packs4 ,the foundation cards to be four aces1 and four kings of different suits1 and marriages made both in ascending and descending lines4 ,the name of this game is ,,the ,,house ,,on ,,the ,,hill4 ,illustration3 ,,napoleon ,,at ,,st4 ,,helena4 ,,napoleon ,,at ,,st4 ,,helena ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,only cards in the lowest row are available1 until a card in any other row is released by the removal of those below it1 the principle being that no card can be used that has another below it4 ,,ii4 ,the foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,deal out from left to right four rows of ten cards4 ,the eight aces1 when they can be placed1 form the foundation cards1 and are to ascend in sequence to kings4 ,should any aces appear in the lowest row1 play them in their allotted spaces1 and upon them any suitable cards to continue the foundations 7,rule ,i74 ,you must now examine the tableau and endeavor by forming marriages 7in descending line1 and always subject to ,rule ,i7 to release other suitable cards4 ,this1 however1 must be done with care1 lest a sequence in a lower row may block a card above it which is much wanted1 and might soon have been released4 ,if by these changes you can make a vacancy in the uppermost row 7thus forming a perpendicular lane71 it is of the greatest use4 ,the vacancy may be refilled with any available card from the tableau or from the talon1 but you are not obliged to refill it until a favorable opportunity occurs4 ,note4--,some players only allow the vacancy to be filled from the talon4 ,the card so placed has all the privileges of the original card whose place it fills1 and is treated in the same manner4 ,when there are no more available cards to play1 proceed to deal out the remainder of the pack1 turning the cards one by one1 playing all suitable ones on the foundations1 or placing them on the sequences of the tableau4 ,the cards that cannot be so employed are laid aside in one packet1 forming the talon4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,fifteen4 ,,the ,,fifteen ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,only cards in the seventh or lowest row are available1 until by their removal those above them are released4 ,no card can at any time be used that has any other below it4 ,note4--,there is one exception to this rule1 in case the game cannot be opened4 ,see below4 ,,ii4 ,each foundation must follow suit4 ,,play ,deal out the entire pack from left to right in horizontal rows1 fifteen cards in each1 excepting the last one1 which can only contain fourteen4 ,each row should partly cover over the preceding one2 four aces and four kings form the foundation cards1 the aces ascending in sequence to kings1 the kings descending in sequence to aces4 ,when the deal is complete1 if any foundation cards should appear in the lowest row 7,rule ,i71 play them at once on the spaces reserved1 and also any other suitable cards--then marry1 both in ascending and in descending lines1 subject to ,rule ,i2 but if1 after these changes1 no foundation card is available1 so that the patience cannot even begin1 you may withdraw from the sixth row one ace and one king1 if any are to be found 7see note to ,rule ,i71 immediately filling the spaces so made with the cards below which had previously blocked them4 ,if even this resource is unavailing1 the patience has already failed1 there being no re-deal1 and no further infringement of rules allowed4 ,when one or more foundations are established1 examine the tableau carefully1 marry all available cards1 and endeavor by these changes to release the greatest number of suitable cards for the foundations1 and to open out one or more perpendicular lanes4 ,these are of the greatest use2 you may select any available card and place it at the top of the lane1 and below it any others in sequence of the same suit1 each card partly concealing the preceding one1 as in the original deal4 ,you may also use the lane for reversing any sequences previously made4 ,thus1 supposing there is a sequence beginning with a ten and ending with a three 7the ten being required for one of the foundations71 place the three at the top of the lane1 the other cards following until the ten becomes the lowest or available card4 ,in theory this patience is simple1 but it is very difficult to play4 ,the combinations are endless1 from the constant reversing of sequences1 and require great attention4 ,as the success principally depends on the lanes1 it is more prudent1 when you have only one1 not to refill it until by some fresh combination you can open out another one4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,salic ,,law4 ,,the ,,salic ,,law ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,only the cards on the surface of the king packets are available1 until their removal as usual releases those beneath1 but all the cards in each packet may be examined4 ,,ii4 ,the foundations do not follow suit4 ,,play ,take from the pack and place one king to begin the line of eight kings1 that are to be successively placed in a horizontal row as they appear in the deal4 ,on this first king you place all the cards as you deal them until the next king appears4 ,you now place the cards as you deal them upon this second king1 and you continue thus to deal out the whole pack1 always heaping upon the last king that has appeared all the cards as they are dealt4 ,the eight aces are to form the foundation cards1 and are to ascend in sequence to knaves 7,rule ,,ii74 ,when in the course of the deal any aces appear1 they are to be immediately placed in a line above the king packets1 and upon them any suitable cards 7,rule ,i71 and when the queens appear they are to be placed in a row above the foundations4 ,the queens are merely placed to complete the final tableau1 which1 if the patience succeeds1 consists of the eight queens above1 the eight knaves finishing the foundations in the centre1 and the eight kings below4 ,you must continually examine the surface of the king packets to play any suitable cards on the foundations1 and in so doing endeavor to free some of the kings entirely1 for when the deal is ended you are allowed to place one card from any of the other packets 7,rule ,i7 on each king1 and you must1 of course1 choose those cards that will release the greatest number of suitable cards for the foundations1 for which purpose the whole packets may be examined4 ,in this consists the entire play4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,four ,,corners4 ,,the ,,four ,,corners ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,after the deal is completed1 the uppermost card of each packet is available and may be placed on any of the foundations1 the cards underneath being released as usual by the removal of those that covered them4 ,,ii4 ,each foundation must follow suit4 ,,play ,deal out twelve cards as in tableau1 beginning on the left4 ,place the top corner card1 then the four side cards1 lastly the lower corner card2 repeat this process on the right hand1 beginning with the top corner1 and leaving space in the centre for the foundation cards4 ,these will consist of four aces and four kings of different suits1 the aces ascending in sequence to kings1 and the kings descending in sequence to aces4 ,having dealt the first round of twelve cards1 proceed to deal out the entire pack in successive rounds covering the first one1 but in dealing each several round the following method must be strictly observed3 ,the eight foundation cards1 as they appear in the deal 7whether they fall on the corner or on the side packets71 are to be at once played in the space reserved for them1 and on these may be played any suitable cards which in dealing fall on either of the four corner packets2 but when a card 7otherwise suitable7 falls on either of the side packets1 it may not be played unless the foundation to which it belongs happens to be the one immediately adjoining the side packet on which that card fell in dealing4 ,note4--,whenever in dealing a card is withdrawn1 to place on one of the foundations1 the next card in the pack is placed in its stead4 ,after the entire deal is completed these restrictions cease1 all suitable cards may now be played1 subject to ,rule ,i1 and marriages1 both in ascending and descending lines1 may be made with cards on the surface of the twelve packets2 great care must1 however1 be taken in making these marriages1 lest in releasing one card you block another that is equally required4 ,the contents of each packet should be carefully examined1 and only those marriages made which release the greatest number of suitable cards4 ,note4--,the sequences thus made may be reversed if required1 viz41 if one of the packets contained a sequence1 beginning with deuce and ascending to eight 7this being1 of course1 the top card71 and one of the other packets had at the top a nine of the same suit1 the eight might be placed on the nine1 the rest of the sequence following1 till the deuce became the top 7or available7 card4 ,when all possible combinations have been made1 and further progress is impossible1 the twelve packets may be taken up in order1 beginning on the left1 re-dealt1 and played exactly as before4 ,if necessary1 there may be two re-deals4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,mill4 ,,the ,,mill ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,all cards in the wings are available4 ,,ii4 ,the five foundations do not follow suit4 ,,play ,take from the pack one ace and place it in the centre before you2 next deal out eight cards1 grouping them round the ace to represent the wings of a windmill4 ,the first four kings that appear in dealing are to be played in the four angles 7see tableau74 ,these1 with the centre ace1 form the five foundation cards4 ,each of the four kings is to descend in sequence to ace1 while upon the centre ace four entire families are to be piled in sequences 7,rule ,,ii74 ,having placed the centre ace and the wings1 take from the latter any kings for the foundations1 or other suitable cards to play on them1 or on the centre ace1 filling up the spaces so made from the cards in your hand4 ,then proceed to deal out the remaining cards1 turning them one by one1 playing all whose value admit of it on the foundations4 ,the cards that cannot be so used are placed aside in one packet1 forming the talon4 ,note4--,the four families on the centre ace each begin with ace and end with king4 ,it is better to play cards from the talon rather than from the wings4 ,vacancies in the wings must be immediately refilled from the pack or talon4 ,in forming the foundations1 the uppermost card of either of the king packets may be transferred1 if suitable1 to the ace packet2 but this privilege is limited to one card of each at a time1 and may only be resorted to when the playing of that card would bring into immediate use any other available card of the wings or of the talon4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,shah4 ,,the ,,shah ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,during the deal cards in each circle of the star are available until another circle blocks them4 ,after the deal is completed only cards in the third 7or outer7 circle are available until1 as usual1 their removal releases the inner circles4 ,,ii4 ,marriages are limited to cards in the third circle2 cards in the inner circles1 even when released1 can only be played1 but not married4 ,,iii4 ,the foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,take from the pack the eight aces and the eight kings4 ,throw aside seven of the kings and place the remaining one in the centre1 with the eight aces surrounding it in a circle4 ,the king is called ,the ,shah1 and remains alone4 ,the aces are the foundation cards1 and are to ascend in sequence to queens4 ,next deal out a circle of eight cards1 beginning at the top and continuing from left to right4 ,if any of these are suitable1 play them1 filling the spaces at once from the cards in your hand4 ,then deal out a second circle1 blocking the first one 7,rule ,i71 and treat it in the same manner1 then a third circle1 which completes the rays of the star4 ,note4--,in the pattern tableau the third circle is omitted for want of space4 ,you should now examine the star1 to see if there are any available cards which it would be advantageous to marry1 or to play 7,rules ,i and ,,ii71 but you are not obliged to do either until a favorable opportunity occurs4 ,marriages can only be made in descending line4 ,note4--,it is often better to wait until1 in dealing1 a card turns up likely to be soon required1 and then1 by playing or marrying1 you make a vacant space in which to place it4 ,when you have played or married all the cards you wish1 the spaces so made must be refilled from the talon or pack1 beginning with the inner circles1 and proceeding from left to right as before4 ,the remaining cards are dealt out in the usual way1 those not required for the foundations1 or for marrying1 or for refilling spaces forming the talon4 ,when a lane1 i4e41 one entire ray of the star1 is opened out1 the place of the inner card may be filled by one card from the third circle4 ,this is sometimes of great use1 and is a kind of grace1 as this patience seldom succeeds4 ,the other two spaces are refilled from the talon1 and this must be done at once1 as each ray must always be complete4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,blockade4 ,,the ,,blockade ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,all cards in the first row are available1 but as each row is placed it blocks the preceding one4 ,the removal of any card in the lower rows releases the one immediately above it1 the principle being that all cards are available that have no others below them4 ,,ii4 ,the foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,deal out twelve cards in a horizontal line4 ,aces may be played as they appear1 but no other card can be played until the row is complete4 ,the eight aces are the foundation cards1 and are to ascend in sequence to kings4 ,when the first line is placed1 play any suitable cards1 and then marry in descending line1 but be careful to place the cards exactly over each other1 to avoid confusion4 ,the vacancies thus caused must be immediately refilled from the pack1 then again play and marry4 ,when neither can be done1 deal out another row underneath the first1 and1 when it is complete1 play1 marry1 and refill spaces as before4 ,you continue to deal out successive rows until the pack is exhausted1 always pausing between each row to play1 marry1 and refill spaces4 ,in the course of the game vacancies will often be made in the higher rows4 ,these must always be refilled first4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,clock4 ,,the ,,clock ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,when the circle is formed1 the uppermost cards of each packet are available1 and their removal releases as usual those beneath4 ,,ii4 ,marriages can only be made with cards in the circle1 and not with those from the pack or talon4 ,,iii4 ,vacancies in the circle must be refilled with cards from the pack1 but not from the talon2 each packet must be refilled so as to contain not less than three cards4 ,,iv4 ,the twelve foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack the twelve cards1 as in ,tableau ,no4 #a1 and place them in their exact order against the hours of the clock represented4 ,these are the foundation cards1 and are to ascend in sequence until each packet attains the hour of the clock against which it is placed4 ,having placed these twelve foundations1 proceed to deal out a circle consisting of twelve packets of three cards dealt together--so spread that each card is visible 7see dotted line74 ,from this circle you first play all suitable cards 7,rule ,i71 and then marry in a descending line 7,rule ,,ii71 and then refill spaces 7,rule ,,iii74 ,this last should be done in order1 from left to right1 beginning at the numeral ,i1 and all the packets refilled before proceeding again to play or to marry4 ,note4--,although each packet must never contain less than the original number of three cards1 they will often1 by marriages1 contain more4 ,you are not obliged to play cards which would be more useful if left on the circle4 ,when all further progress is at an end1 deal out the remaining cards2 play all suitable ones1 then marry and refill spaces1 but be careful not to infringe ,rule ,,ii4 ,the cards that cannot be so employed are laid aside in one packet1 forming the talon1 which can only be used to play on the foundations4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,fortress4 ,,fortress ,one ,entire ,pack of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,only the outside cards of each group are available1 until by their removal the next ones are released1 the principle being that no card can be used that has another outside it4 ,note4--,by outside is meant the cards on the right side of the right-hand group1 and those on the left side of the left-hand group4 ,,ii4 ,the foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,deal out the entire pack horizontally in two groups1 as in tableau1 beginning at the left hand1 and dealing straight across each group1 leaving space in the centre for four aces4 ,these1 when they can be played1 form the foundation cards1 and are to descend in sequence to kings4 ,should any aces appear on the outside of either group1 play them1 as also any other suitable cards for continuing the foundations 7,rules ,i and ,,ii74 ,you next proceed to form marriages1 both in ascending and in descending lines1 with cards on the outside of both groups 7,rule ,i74 ,but this must be done with extreme care1 so as not only to release the greatest number of suitable cards1 but also1 if possible1 to open out one entire horizontal row of cards to form a lane4 ,the success of the game entirely depends on these lanes4 ,if1 therefore1 you succeed in opening out one1 it is more prudent not to refill it until1 by some fresh combination1 others can be made4 ,when a lane is to be refilled1 select any available card 7,rule ,i71 and place it at the inner end of the lane1 and along it any others in sequence of the same suit1 the last card being1 of course1 the available one4 ,one great use of these lanes is to reverse any sequences that have been made by marriages in the ascending line4 ,note4--,supposing you have placed upon a deuce a sequence ending with eight2 place the eight at the inner end of the lane1 the other cards following in succession until the deuce becomes the outside card4 ,when there are more cards in the lane than the original number1 they can be placed partly over each other4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,fourteenth4 ,,the ,,fourteenth ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,play ,deal out twenty-five cards in five rows1 each containing five cards4 ,the object is to compose the number fourteen with any two cards taken either from a perpendicular or from a horizontal row4 ,the knave counts eleven1 the queen twelve1 and the king thirteen4 ,the cards so paired are withdrawn1 and their places filled by the cards in your hand4 ,if in the course of the game the number fourteen cannot be composed1 one chance remains--any two cards may be taken from their proper position1 and may change places with any other two cards2 and it is only in making this exchange1 so as to produce one or more fourteens1 that the player has any control over the success of the game1 the success consisting of the entire pack being paired off4 ,in the tableau three fourteens could be at once composed3 ,the ten of hearts with the four of clubs1 the knave of spades with the three of hearts1 the eight of diamonds with the six of spades4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,sultan4 ,,the ,,sultan ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rule ,the foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack and place the eight kings and one ace of hearts as in tableau4 ,the centre king of hearts is called the ,sultan1 and remains alone4 ,the other seven kings1 with the ace of hearts1 form the foundation cards4 ,each of these seven kings begins with ace1 and ascends in sequence to queen4 ,the ace of hearts ascends in the same manner1 so that all the eight packets surrounding the ,sultan end with queens4 ,you next deal out eight cards1 four on either side 7see tableau74 ,these constitute the ,divan4 ,from this ,divan you can play any suitable cards on the foundations1 and1 having done so1 proceed to deal out the remainder of the pack1 turning the cards one by one1 those that are not suitable for the foundations being laid aside in one packet1 forming the talon4 ,vacancies in the ,divan must be immediately refilled from the talon1 or1 when there is no talon1 from the pack4 ,the talon may be taken up1 shuffled1 and re-dealt1 if necessary1 twice4 ,illustration3 ,,la ,,nivernaise4 ,,la ,,nivernaise ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the ,line is to consist of six packets1 of which the uppermost card of each is alone available1 until by its removal the one beneath is released--the card which is uppermost at the time being always the available one4 ,,ii4 ,as many cards in each of the packets forming the ,line may be examined as there are vacancies in the ,flanks4 ,,iii4 ,all foundations must follow suit4 ,,iv4 ,in re-dealing1 the ,line packets must be taken up in succession1 beginning on the left2 then the whole together turned and re-dealt as before4 ,,play ,place two perpendicular rows of four cards each1 called ,flanks1 leaving space in the centre for four aces and four kings of different suits4 ,these1 when they can be played1 form the foundation cards1 the kings descending in sequence to aces1 the aces ascending in sequence to kings4 ,you next deal from left to right six packets1 each composed of four cards dealt together1 and placed in a horizontal line underneath4 ,these packets are called the ,line1 and will receive successive additions4 ,if any of the foundation cards appear on the surface of the ,line1 or on the ,flanks1 play them in the spaces reserved2 as also any other suitable cards subject to ,rule ,i1 taking1 however1 in preference1 cards from the ,flanks1 as the vacancies so made are most important4 ,note4--,so necessary to success are these vacancies that if1 after dealing the first round of the ,line1 none have been made1 it is scarcely worth while to continue the game4 ,they may be filled from the pack or from the ,line1 but it is never prudent to fill up all vacancies2 one at least should be left4 ,single cards are not to be replaced on the ,line2 but if an entire packet has been played off1 four more cards are to be immediately placed in its stead1 and this rule applies to each several round4 ,when the resources thus far are exhausted1 deal a second round of four cards together1 on each of the ,line packets as before1 and continue thus to deal successive rounds until all the cards are dealt out1 but between each round pause and examine the ,line 7,rule ,,ii7 and the ,flanks1 and play all available cards4 ,the whole of the pack having been dealt1 and further progress at an end1 take up the line as prescribed in ,rule ,,iv1 re-deal1 and play exactly as at first4 ,there is only one re-deal4 ,in forming the foundations1 one card at a time may be exchanged from the ascending to the descending sequences1 and vice vers4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,empress ,,of ,,india4 ,,the ,,empress ,,of ,,india ,four ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,all cards in the ,army and ,navy are equally available if played in pairs 7i4e41 one black and one red71 but no card of either color can be played on a foundation unless a card of the other color is played at the same time on another foundation4 ,,ii4 ,vacancies in the ,army and ,navy must be immediately refilled with cards of their own color from the talon1 or1 when there is no talon1 from the pack4 ,,iii4 ,cards from the pack or talon cannot be played at once1 but must first pass through the ,army or ,navy4 ,,iv4 ,the talon consists of two packets1 one of red1 the other of black1 cards4 ,v4 ,the foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack the eight black aces and the eight black queens1 the eight red kings1 and the eight red knaves4 ,place these cards as in the tableau1 throwing aside the four queens of spades and three queens of clubs4 ,the remaining queen of clubs represents the ,empress2 the knaves1 the guard of ,british soldiers1 and these nine cards remain alone4 ,the eight black aces and the eight red kings are the foundation cards1 the aces ascending in sequence to kings1 representing ,admirals1 the kings descending in sequence to aces1 representing ,generals4 ,note4--,the red sequences must omit knaves1 the black ones must omit queens4 ,deal out four horizontal rows1 each containing twelve cards1 of which the two upper rows are to be red 7the ,army71 the two lower ones black 7the ,navy74 ,they are to be dealt at the same time1 and if after the two rows of one color1 say red1 are finished1 more red cards turn up1 they must be laid aside as a talon 7,rule ,,iv74 ,when the ,army and ,navy are complete1 if any available pairs of cards have been dealt 7,rule ,i71 play them 7the first pair must1 of course1 be a black two and a red queen71 and refill the spaces2 but if there should be none1 you may proceed to pair cards4 ,any card in the ,army may be placed on any card in the ,navy1 and vice vers1 but the cards so paired cannot afterwards be separated1 but must be played at the same time on their respective foundations4 ,the vacancies thus made must be immediately refilled 7,rule ,,ii74 ,each card can only be paired once4 ,you may choose your own time for pairing cards4 ,for instance1 if you require1 say1 a ten of clubs for one of the foundations1 you may defer making a vacancy in the ,navy until the ten of clubs is at the top of the talon4 ,when you have played all available cards1 deal out the remainder of the pack1 those not required to fill vacancies being placed in two packets 7,rule ,,iv74 ,there is no re-deal4 ,note4--,the ,army and ,navy could not be placed in the tableau from want of space4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,besieged ,,city4 ,,the ,,besieged ,,city ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations are formed with cards from the ,ramparts and from the pack4 ,cards from the talon must pass through the ,reserve1 and the ,reserve must pass into the ,ramparts before they can be played4 ,,ii4 ,cards in the ,ramparts may be placed on each other either in the usual ascending and descending sequences1 or in the order in which they will be played1 viz41 queen on two1 knave on three1 and so on1 or vice vers4 ,they must be of the same suit2 and sequences1 both in ascending and in descending lines1 may be placed in the same packet4 ,cards in the ,ramparts may be transferred from one packet to another at discretion 7the top card of each being alone available71 and they must follow suit4 ,,iii4 ,cards in the ,reserve may in the same way be placed on those in the ,ramparts1 but only on the cards at the ends or sides of the line from which they are taken4 ,note4--,in the tableau the four of clubs could only be placed on cards at ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 or ,d1 and in this case only on ,d4 ,,iv4 ,vacancies in the ,ramparts are filled from the ,reserve with any card in the row at the end of which the vacancy occurs4 ,note4--,in the tableau a vacancy at ,b or ,d could only be filled by the four or ace of clubs1 or by the seven or six of spades2 and a vacancy at ,a or ,c1 by the ace of diamonds or by the three or four of clubs4 ,v4 ,vacancies in the ,reserve are filled from the talon or1 when there is no talon1 from the pack4 ,,vi4 ,the foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,deal twelve cards in four rows of three cards each4 ,then deal an outside row of fourteen cards placed crossways4 ,these are the ,ramparts4 ,the inside twelve cards are the ,reserve4 ,the foundation cards are four aces of different suits4 ,on these are placed kings1 then deuces1 queens1 threes1 and so on1 each foundation consisting of alternate sequences1 ascending and descending1 and finishing as well as beginning with aces 7,rule ,,vi74 ,having placed the tableau1 take from the ,ramparts aces or other suitable cards 7if any have been dealt71 and play them in their allotted places1 immediately filling each vacancy as it occurs 7,rules ,,iv and ,v72 this must be done throughout the game4 ,then transfer cards in the ,ramparts1 and from the ,reserve1 as directed in ,rules ,,ii and ,,iii4 ,when you have done all that you wished 7for it is optional71 and again played if you can1 deal out the remainder of the pack1 the cards not suitable for the foundations being placed in a talon4 ,at the end of the patience1 when the talon is exhausted and all the cards have been dealt1 should there still be cards in the ,reserve which cannot be transferred to the ,ramparts1 you may transpose them to effect this if you can4 ,this patience is exceedingly difficult4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,flower-,,garden4 ,,the ,,flower-,,garden ,one ,entire ,pack of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,any card in the ,bouquet and the uppermost cards of the ,garden are available4 ,the removal of the top cards releases those beneath4 ,,ii4 ,the foundations must follow suit4 ,,iii4 ,cards placed in sequence on the ,garden need not follow suit4 ,,play ,deal six packets of six cards dealt together1 and so spread that all are visible4 ,the four aces are the foundation cards1 and are to ascend in sequence to kings 7,rule ,,ii74 ,sixteen cards will remain1 which are called the ,bouquet1 and must be kept in the hand4 ,take from the ,bouquet and from the ,garden any aces or other suitable cards 7,rule ,i7 and play them4 ,next place cards in descending sequences in the ,garden1 transferring them from one packet to another as often as you please 7,rules ,i and ,,iii71 and you may place cards from the ,bouquet in the same way4 ,for example1 place the four of diamonds 7see tableau7 on the five of clubs1 then take the ten of hearts from the ,bouquet and place it on the knave of diamonds4 ,the nine of clubs can now be transferred1 and the ace and deuce of diamonds are released4 ,this patience is exceedingly difficult4 ,cards taken from the ,bouquet cannot be returned to it1 and there is only one deal4 ,the greatest care must1 therefore1 be taken in placing cards in sequence and in playing them4 ,you are not obliged to do either1 and it is often better to leave a card than to play it1 as it may be useful in releasing others4 ,when an entire packet is cleared off1 you may begin a new one with a card from the ,bouquet or from the ,garden 7,rule ,i71 and this is often the only means of removing a king1 which1 being the highest card1 can never be transferred4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,hemispheres4 ,,the ,,hemispheres ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,only cards that belong to their proper hemisphere are available4 ,,ii4 ,cards of the wrong colors may be exchanged into their proper hemispheres whenever the opportunity occurs1 and at the end of the game1 when all the cards are dealt and the talon is exhausted1 they may be transferred without an exchange4 ,,iii4 ,cards may only marry those belonging to their own ,race1 but cards from the talon may marry those of any ,race4 ,,iv4 ,the barriers cannot be moved till the end of the game1 when they are played to complete the foundations4 ,v4 ,all the foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,take from the pack and place as in tableau the four red aces and the four black kings4 ,then place crossways a king of hearts and a king of diamonds1 an ace of clubs and an ace of spades4 ,the four latter cards are called barriers1 and divide each ,race4 ,the four black kings and the four red aces form the foundation cards1 the aces ascending in sequence to kings1 the kings descending in sequence to aces4 ,the red cards1 representing ,europeans and ,asiatics1 should inhabit the northern hemisphere2 the black cards1 representing ,australians and ,africans1 the southern2 but it is obvious that1 in dealing and refilling vacancies1 cards will often be found in the wrong hemispheres1 and while there they cannot be used in any way4 ,having placed the foundations and the barriers1 deal out 7from left to right1 beginning from the king of hearts7 a circle consisting of three cards between each barrier4 ,these represent the four ,races4 ,from these ,races you play1 marry1 and exchange all available cards subject to ,rules ,i1 ,,ii1 ,,iii1 and ,v4 ,note4--,the red suits marry in descending line2 the black1 in ascending line4 ,this done1 you deal out the remainder of the pack1 first refilling vacancies in the ,races 7proceeding from left to right1 as in the original deal7 and then playing all suitable cards4 ,the rest form the talon1 from which cards may marry those in the circle1 subject to ,rules ,i and ,,iii4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,napoleon',s ,,square4 ,,napoleon',s ,,square ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,only the uppermost cards of the packets in the square are available until1 by their removal1 the cards underneath are released1 but the whole of the square may be examined4 ,,ii4 ,when a vacancy in the square is caused by the removal of an entire packet1 the space may be filled by one card from the talon or pack1 but this need not be done until a favorable opportunity occurs4 ,,iii4 ,all the foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,deal out twelve packets1 each consisting of four cards dealt together1 so as to form three sides of a square1 leaving space in the centre for the eight aces4 ,these are the foundation cards1 and are to ascend in sequence to kings4 ,if any aces appear on the surface of the square1 play them in their allotted places1 as also any other suitable cards4 ,you next proceed to form marriages in a descending line with the cards of the square1 subject to ,rule ,i4 ,as usual1 great judgment must be exercised in making these changes1 lest cards underneath should be blocked by a sequence of higher cards of the same suit4 ,if this were to occur in two packets1 i4e41 if in both cases sequences1 say1 of diamonds blocked lower cards of the same suit1 success would be impossible4 ,note4--,if after dealing the square two kings of one suit were found to be blocking two smaller cards of that suit1 either the whole must be taken up and re-dealt1 or one king must be slipped underneath4 ,you now proceed to play out the rest of the cards1 those that are not suitable for the foundations or for the sequences of the square being placed in a talon4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,this game may be also played as follows3 ,deal out a square of twelve single cards1 then deal the rest of the pack as usual1 the cards that are suitable being played on the foundations or married 7in descending line7 to those on the square1 ready to be transferred to the foundations1 the rest placed in a talon1 and vacancies filled in the usual manner4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,constitution4 ,,the ,,constitution ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations are formed exclusively from the ,privy ,council4 ,all cards in the other divisions1 pack1 or talon must ascend through each division till they reach the top before they can be played4 ,,ii4 ,cards in the three lower divisions may be placed in sequence on cards in the next division above them1 and in this manner they may be transferred from one division to another till they reach the top4 ,,iii4 ,when cards are placed in sequence in the ,constitution1 the top card only of each sequence is available until its removal releases the one beneath4 ,,iv4 ,all sequences must be of alternate colors and in descending line--i4e41 a red nine on a black ten1 then a black eight1 a red seven1 and so on4 ,any number of cards may be so placed4 ,v4 ,each vacancy must be at once filled by a card from the division immediately below it2 and as this rule applies equally to all the rows1 a vacancy will thus be caused in the lowest row or ,people1 which must be filled from the talon1 or1 when there is no talon1 from the pack4 ,,vi4 ,the foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,take from the pack the kings1 queens1 and aces--seven of the queens are to be thrown aside and the other cards placed as in tableau4 ,the queen of diamonds represents ,,the ,,sovereign2 the black kings1 the ,bishops2 the red kings1 the ,judges4 ,the eight aces form the foundation cards or ,government1 and ascend in sequence to knaves4 ,deal out four horizontal rows 7beginning with the lowest71 each containing eight cards4 ,this forms the ,constitution4 ,each row represents a separate division4 ,the first 7or lowest row7 is the ,people2 the second1 the ,house of ,commons2 the third1 the ,house of ,lords2 the last the ,privy ,council4 ,when the tableau is complete1 if any suitable cards are to be found in the ,privy ,council row1 play them 7,rule ,i71 immediately refilling each vacancy as it is made 7,rule ,v74 ,you must then examine the ,constitution to see which cards may be most advantageously placed in sequence 7,rules ,,ii and ,,iv74 ,note4--,the success of this game depends chiefly on the play4 ,in filling a vacancy choose the card 7,rule ,v7 which has the most chance of reaching the top1 or of being useful to cards in the row below it4 ,it is often better to defer making a vacancy till a card turns up in dealing that is required4 ,when you have played all available cards and placed in sequence all that you wish1 deal out the remainder of the pack1 the cards not required to fill vacancies in the ,people forming the talon4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,zodiac4 ,,the ,,zodiac ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,marriages may be made in the ,zodiac with cards from the ,equator 7but not vice vers7 and from the talon or pack1 but cards in the ,zodiac cannot marry each other1 neither can those in the ,equator do so4 ,marriages may be made in ascending and descending lines1 and the same packet may contain both4 ,,ii4 ,the foundations must follow suit4 ,,play ,deal eight cards in a horizontal row called the ,equator4 ,then deal a surrounding circle of twenty-four cards called the ,zodiac4 ,the foundations are not formed till the end of the game4 ,they are to consist of the four aces and four kings of different suits1 the aces ascending in sequence to kings1 the kings descending in sequence to aces4 ,having placed the tableau1 you proceed to marry 7,rule ,i7 and to refill the spaces from the talon1 or1 where there is no talon1 from the pack1 but you are not obliged to do either until a favorable opportunity occurs4 ,you continue to deal out the cards in the usual way1 those not required for marrying or for refilling spaces forming the talon4 ,this is to be re-dealt as often as required--that is1 until all the cards are placed either in the ,zodiac or in the ,equator4 ,if this cannot be done1 the patience has already failed4 ,if you succeed in placing all the cards1 you then begin to form the eight foundations from the ,zodiac and ,equator 7,rule ,,ii74 ,it is obvious that the greatest care is required in marrying the cards1 or you will so block them as to be unable to form the foundations4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,kings4 ,,the ,,kings ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations do not follow suit1 neither do the cards placed in sequence on the columns4 ,,ii4 ,only the outside cards of each group of columns are available until1 by their removal1 the next ones are released1 the principle being that no card is available that has another outside it4 ,note4--,by outside is meant the cards on the right side of the right-hand group1 and those on the left side of the left-hand group4 ,,iii4 ,during the deal no card is available for playing on the foundations unless it is on the same horizontal line as the foundation 7of either group7 for which it is suitable4 ,when the entire deal is complete1 this restriction ceases4 ,,play ,withdraw from the packs the eight aces1 and place them in two columns1 taking care that each suit is in juxtaposition as in tableau4 ,the eight aces form the foundations1 which ascend in sequence 7,rule ,i7 to kings4 ,on either side of the foundations1 deal out a column of four cards1 and if in dealing these a suitable card turns up1 available for a foundation1 in accordance with ,rule ,,iii1 play it at once2 replacing it with the next card from the pack4 ,you continue to deal out successive columns of four cards1 alternately on the right and left of the first ones1 until the pack is exhausted1 thus forming two groups of columns1 with the eight aces in the centre4 ,to avoid confusion1 it is best to deal the columns regularly1 first on the left1 and then on the right1 side4 ,in dealing1 never omit to play suitable cards as they turn up1 subject to ,rule ,,iii1 for as each column is placed it blocks the preceding one 7,rule ,,ii71 and during the deal you may not play cards from the inner columns1 even if released4 ,when the pack is exhausted1 you examine the tableau1 and may now play any available cards 7,rule ,,ii71 the restriction as to their being on the same horizontal line having ceased4 ,sequences 7,rule ,i71 both ascending and descending1 may now be formed with cards on the outside of both groups 7,rule ,,ii71 and these sequences may be reversed1 as they are required to play on the foundations1 by transferring them from one packet to another4 ,if an entire horizontal row of cards has been removed1 you may place any available card at the inner end of the lane so formed1 and sequences may be placed upon it1 as on the others4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,note4--,it is not perfectly clear from the original whether the restriction mentioned in ,rule ,,iii ceases when the deal is complete1 but1 the game being a very difficult one1 it is advisable to interpret it in the affirmative4 ,illustration3 ,,babette4 ,,babette ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,vacancies in the garden are not to be refilled4 ,,iii4 ,each row of cards in the garden blocks the preceding one1 but on the removal of cards in the lower rows those above them are released4 ,,play ,deal out eight cards in a horizontal line4 ,this commences what is called the garden4 ,when the first row is complete1 take from it any foundations and place them in the allotted spaces above1 and also other suitable cards1 but do not refill vacancies 7,rule ,,ii74 ,the foundations consist of four aces and four kings of different suits1 ascending and descending in the usual sequences 7,rule ,i74 ,note4--,the tableau is so arranged that one of the king foundations has already descended to queen1 and one of the ace foundations has ascended to three4 ,the vacant spaces in the garden show from whence cards have been removed1 and not replaced2 but there would probably be many more rows in the garden than are shown on the tableau4 ,you next proceed to deal out successive rows in the garden underneath the first one till the pack is exhausted1 strictly observing ,rule ,,ii4 ,if there is not room to place each row of the garden below the preceding one1 it must be placed so as to half cover it1 but in that case1 especially if there are many vacancies1 the rows of cards are apt to get mixed1 so it is best to count from the top1 to make sure that you are placing the row you are working on in its proper detached line1 and are not partly refilling other rows4 ,you must finish each row before playing from it4 ,when the garden is laid out1 and all available cards have been played 7,rule ,,iii71 take up by itself each perpendicular column1 beginning on the left1 placing the next column underneath the first1 and so on with each column in succession1 so that1 in turning the pack to re-deal1 the last column on the right may be uppermost1 thus reversing the order of each row of cards in the next deal4 ,the garden may be taken up twice and re-dealt exactly in the same manner and observing the same rules4 ,illustration3 ,,nestor4 ,,nestor ,one ,entire ,pack of ,cards ,,play ,deal out in horizontal lines six rows each containing eight cards4 ,in dealing these1 you must be careful that there should never be two cards of equal value in the same perpendicular line4 ,if1 for example1 two kings or two fives 7the same1 of course1 applies to all the cards7 were to be underneath each other1 even though several other cards intervened between them1 it would be useless to proceed4 ,you must1 therefore1 consider the duplicate card as unavailable for the moment and place it at the bottom of the pack in hand1 and proceed to deal the next card4 ,when the tableau is complete1 four cards will remain1 which are to be placed aside1 as a reserve4 ,you then examine the tableau and endeavor to pair the cards1 taking only those of the lowest row1 until their removal releases those above4 ,when no more can be paired1 you have recourse to those of the reserve1 taking them up one by one4 ,if the first cannot be paired1 put it aside1 taking the next1 but the card or cards so put aside can be paired afterwards if the opportunity of doing so arises4 ,if all the cards cannot be paired1 the game has failed4 ,illustration3 ,,light ,,and ,,shade4 ,,light ,,and ,,shade ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations ascend in sequence1 but are formed in alternate colors3 red ace1 black deuce1 red three1 and so on4 ,,ii4 ,cards placed on the ,auxiliaries descend in sequence1 but must also alternate in color4 ,,iii4 ,vacancies in the ,auxiliaries are filled by cards from the ,rivals2 vacancies in the ,rivals1 by cards from the pack or talon4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack the eight aces1 and place them in a horizontal line 7the suits as in tableau74 ,these are the foundation cards1 which ascend in sequence to kings 7,rule ,i74 ,next deal out eight cards and place them above the foundations in two rows1 four cards in each 7see tableau74 ,the upper row is called the ,auxiliaries2 the lower one1 the ,rivals4 ,if any suitable cards are found in the ,auxiliaries1 play them1 filling the spaces so made from the ,rivals 7,rule ,,iii74 ,cards from the ,rivals may be placed in descending sequence on those of the ,auxiliaries 7,rule ,,ii71 and the sequences so formed will be played as opportunity arises on to the foundations4 ,continue to deal out the pack1 playing1 placing on the ,auxiliaries1 and refilling spaces according to rules--the non-suitable cards forming a talon4 ,it must be remembered that cards can only be played on the foundations from the ,auxiliaries1 and not straight from the ,rivals or from the talon2 cards from these must first pass into the ,auxiliaries4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,labyrinth4 ,,the ,,labyrinth ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,only cards in the highest or lowest rows are available1 until a card from any other row is released1 by the removal of cards either above or below it1 the principle being that no card can be used that is not free either from the top or the bottom4 ,small crosses are placed on the tableau to mark the cards that are available4 ,,iii4 ,you can only refill vacancies in the lowest row as the deal goes on 7i4e41 in the row which you are actually dealing74 ,,iv4 ,each row must be completed before you can play from it4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack and place in horizontal line above1 four kings and four aces of different suits4 ,these are the foundations1 the aces ascending in sequence to kings1 the kings descending to aces 7,rule ,i74 ,you next deal out ten cards in a horizontal row1 and when the row is complete1 play any suitable cards on the foundations1 refilling the vacancies from the pack or talon4 ,proceed to deal out a second row of ten cards underneath the first1 playing suitable ones as before1 playing also from the upper row1 and refilling spaces subject to ,rule ,,iii4 ,as you may only refill vacancies on the last row which is being dealt1 there will be many gaps in the tableau as you proceed4 ,you continue thus to deal out the entire pack in successive rows1 each row completely blocking the preceding one unless the removal of a card releases the one above it1 or unless the removal of cards in the upper rows 7,rule ,,ii7 releases that card from above4 ,when the pack is exhausted and you have played all available cards1 if the game has not succeeded1 you have one more chance1 i4e41 the privilege of removing any one card from the tableau1 taking care1 of course1 to remove the card which blocks those most needed4 ,the choice of this grace is the only point left to the skill of the player4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,note #a4--,some players instead of taking the foundations from the pack1 wait till they appear in the deal4 ,note #b4--,the dimensions of the tableau preclude the insertion of the spaces for the foundation cards4 ,illustration3 ,,spenser',s ,,fairie ,,queen4 ,,spenser',s ,,fairie ,,queen ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,if during the deal two or more kings turn up in succession1 cards can only be placed on the last one4 ,,iii4 ,available cards may be transferred from one column to another in descending sequence and need not follow suit4 ,,iv4 ,only the lowest card of each column is available1 until its removal releases the one above it4 ,v4 ,any available card may be transferred to a single king1 and sequences may be placed upon that card as upon those of the other columns4 ,,play ,take one king from the pack1 and place it at the left-hand upper corner4 ,upon this king you place the cards as they are dealt1 in perpendicular column1 each card half covering the preceding one1 until a second king appears1 which must be placed next to the first one1 and becomes in its turn the head of a second column 7,rule ,,ii74 ,when a third king appears1 it is placed next to the second one1 and is treated in like manner1 and so on until the pack is exhausted1 cards being always placed on the last king turned up4 ,thus some kings will head lines of different lengths 7see ,note #c1 on next page71 and some will probably remain alone1 and this1 as will be seen1 is very advantageous4 ,during the deal1 aces as they turn up are placed in the spaces reserved4 ,the eight aces form the foundation cards and ascend in sequence to queens 7,rule ,i74 7,see ,note #b47 ,suitable cards may be played as they turn up in the deal1 and after playing each1 the columns should be examined1 as the playing of a card may bring other available ones 7,rule ,,iv7 into use4 ,when the deal is complete1 the tableau must be carefully examined4 ,available cards may now be transferred from one column to another 7,rule ,,iii7 or placed on the single kings 7,rule ,v7 or played on the foundations4 ,and it is sometimes better not to play cards1 but to leave them to receive sequences4 ,it is not advisable to transfer queens1 as they cannot be moved again until required to complete the foundations1 but it is often necessary to do so1 when their removal would release cards urgently needed4 ,the success of the game greatly depends on the skill of the player in transferring the sequences backward and forward so as to release as many cards as possible4 ,there is no re-deal4 7,see ,note #a47 ,note #a4--,supposing that you have two single kings and wish to release a knave of hearts which is blocked with a descending sequence1 the last card of that sequence being a four1 place the four and then the five on the two spare kings4 ,the six is thus released1 and if a seven should be at the bottom of any other column1 you transfer the six on to it1 and also the five and the four1 thus again freeing the two kings4 ,now put up the seven and the eight 7of the column you are trying to work off7 on to those kings4 ,then transfer the seven to the eight1 and place the nine on the remaining king4 ,you have now only the ten left to block your knave of hearts2 you will probably find1 or be able to release1 some other available knave1 on which you will place the ten4 ,in this somewhat complicated manner you arrive at the desired knave of hearts4 ,the combinations are endless4 ,note #b4--,the spaces for the foundations are not marked for want of room4 ,note #c4--;,it often happens that so many cards have to be dealt on to one king before the next one appears that the column can no longer be continued in a straight line4 ,the player must1 therefore1 twist the cards to gain room 7see tableau71 the small crosses show the available cards4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,terrace4 ,,the ,,terrace ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,only the last card 7i4e41 the right-hand one7 of the ,terrace is available till its removal releases the card next to it4 ,,ii4 ,the foundations ascend in sequence and must be formed with alternate red and black cards4 ,,iii4 ,cards in the valley may be transferred in alternate descending sequence from one packet to another1 and the uppermost card of the talon may also be placed in sequence on the valley1 but1 like those of the foundations1 the sequences in the valley must be formed of alternate colors4 ,,iv4 ,only the uppermost cards of the valley packets are available until their removal releases those beneath4 ,,play ,deal out from left to right a row of thirteen cards4 ,this is called the ,terrace4 ,you next turn up from the pack in hand three cards1 and choose one of the three as a foundation4 ,place the foundation card underneath the ,terrace on the left side1 and the seven other cards of similar value will take their places1 as they turn up in the deal1 in a line with the first foundation 7see tableau74 ,you next place your two rejected cards underneath the foundation1 and deal out seven other cards alongside1 forming a third horizontal row of nine cards4 ,this is called the valley4 ,from the valley you take any foundations1 and having placed them1 you play also any other suitable cards 7,rule ,,ii72 but you must first examine the ,terrace1 as cards must always in preference be played from the ,terrace 7,rule ,i74 ,having played all suitable cards1 and refilled the vacancies in the valley from the pack in hand1 proceed to place cards in sequence in the valley 7,rules ,,iii and ,,iv71 of course playing them in preference on the foundations when possible1 but remember always to examine the ,terrace1 as the success of the game depends entirely on detaching cards from the ,terrace4 ,if even a suitable card could be played from the valley1 and none were at the moment available on the ,terrace1 it would still be better to refrain from playing it1 if an equally suitable card from the ,terrace were likely shortly to be released4 ,in reference to your choice of the foundation cards1 you should always examine the available card of the ,terrace and choose1 if possible1 one below it in value4 ,you next proceed to deal out the entire pack1 playing on foundations 7,rule ,,ii71 placing and transferring cards in the valley 7,rules ,,iii and ,,iv71 and refilling vacancies4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,general ,,sedgewick4 ,,general ,,sedgewick ,one ,entire ,pack of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the original five cards forming the cross are available1 but when they are covered by the addition of others1 only the uppermost card of each packet is available until its removal releases the card beneath4 ,,ii4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,iii4 ,cards on the cross may be transferred in descending sequence from one packet to another1 and cards from the pack or talon may also be placed in descending sequence on those of the cross4 ,,iv4 ,cards on the cross need not follow suit4 ,,play ,deal five cards and place them in the form of a cross4 ,the next card turned is to be placed in the left-hand upper corner1 and this constitutes the foundation card1 the three others of similar value1 as they appear1 being placed in the three other corners 7see tableau74 ,the foundation cards ascend in sequence 7,rule ,,ii74 ,having placed the cross and the first foundation1 play any foundation or other suitable cards from the cross1 filling the vacancies from pack or talon4 ,you then proceed to transfer cards on the cross 7,rules ,i1 ,,iii1 and ,,iv72 and although not necessary1 it is very advantageous that these packets should be of the same suit1 as they are then ready to be played on to the foundations1 and to effect this by transferring the cards backward and forward as much as possible should be the great object of the player4 ,continue to deal out the cards till the pack is exhausted--playing1 transferring1 and refilling vacancies4 ,the non-suitable cards form the talon4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,queens4 ,,the ,,queens ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,the uppermost card of the key is alone available until its removal releases the card beneath2 each card that is played releasing the one that it covered4 ,,iii4 ,cards from the key can only be played on the foundations and may not be placed on the shutter4 ,,iv4 ,the cards in payment of the queens are taken from the top of the key 7fourteen for each queen including herself74 ,v4 ,cards in payment of the queens are taken from the bottom of the talon 7three for each queen exclusive of herself74 ,,play ,take from the pack thirty-two cards2 place them in a packet on the left side1 face upward4 ,this packet is called the key4 ,if the uppermost card should be a queen1 take fourteen cards from the top of the key 7including the queen7 and place them at the bottom of the pack 7,rule ,,iv74 ,after removing the fourteen cards1 should the next card on the key chance also to be a queen1 you repeat the process1 thus adding twenty-eight cards to the pack1 and diminishing those on the key4 ,even if the next card in like manner chanced to be a queen1 you would take all the remaining cards of the key 7which could1 however1 only be four7 and add them to the pack1--thus getting rid of the key1 which would greatly facilitate the success of the game4 ,after dealing out the key 7and if you have good luck1 diminishing it7 you next proceed to deal seven cards1 placing them in two rows of four and three cards respectively4 7,see tableau47 ,these are called the shutter4 ,if during the dealing of these any kings appear1 place them in a row above4 ,the eight kings are the foundations1 which ascend through aces to queens 7,rule ,i74 ,when the shutter is dealt1 play from it any suitable cards1 refilling the spaces at once1 but always first look to see if a card from the key is available 7,rules ,,ii and ,,iii71 and play that in preference1 as it is all important to get rid of the key4 ,cards on the shutter can marry in descending line with each other1 or with cards from the pack or talon4 ,when you have married or played all available cards1 deal out the remainder of the pack1 playing1 marrying1 and refilling spaces2 the unsuitable cards forming a talon4 ,you must carefully count the number of queens that you place in the talon 7it is best to have some counters at hand for this purpose71 as when the pack is exhausted each of these queens counts for three cards--i4e41 for each queen you take from the bottom of the talon three cards besides herself 7,rule ,v7--and these cards constitute a fresh pack to deal from4 ,thus1 if the talon contains six queens1 you take from it eighteen cards exclusive of the six queens 7,rule ,v7 and deal them out again1 and again count the queens to repay yourself as before4 ,this is done to give a fresh chance of winning the game1 as the talon is not re-dealt in its entirety4 ,if the talon has not sufficient cards left to pay three for each queen1 you simply take all that remain1 and then there is good hope of success1 if the key has also been played out4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,herring-,,bone4 ,,the ,,herring-,,bone ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,the lowest 7or twenty-eighth7 card of the herring-bone is alone available until its removal releases the next one 7i4e41 the uppermost card of the fan above it71 then the second card of the fan becomes the available one1 then the third1 then the single card above the fan just played1 and so on1 the removal of each card rendering the next one available4 ,,iii4 ,all the cards in the side scenes and the four bars are available4 ,,iv4 ,vacancies on the bars are refilled from cards of the herring-bone 7,rule ,,ii71 but vacancies on the side scenes may only be refilled from the pack or talon4 ,,play ,deal out twenty-eight cards1 beginning from the top 7see tableau71 thus3 ,three at the top1 placed fan shape1 then a single card half covering the fan1 then another fan half covering the single card1 then another single card1 and so on till you have seven fans and seven single cards3 this is called the herring-bone1 the last card being a single one and available4 7,rule ,,ii47 ,you next deal out eight cards1 four on each side the herring-bone3 these are called side scenes4 ,then place one card horizontally above and below each side scene3 these are called bars4 ,when these forty cards are placed1 the next card dealt becomes the foundation1 and is placed in one of the allotted spaces1 the other seven cards of similar value being placed as they appear on the tableau1 or during the deal4 ,four of the foundations ascend in sequence and four descend 7,rule ,i71 and it is best to place the ascending on the right side1 the descending on the left4 ,when the tableau is complete1 and the first foundation has been played1 examine the whole and play from the herring-bone1 bars1 or side scenes any foundations or other suitable cards4 ,always choose1 in preference1 cards from the herring-bone or bars1 as on the removal of the herring-bone the success of the game mainly depends1 and if a bar is removed1 the available card on the herring-bone replaces it1 thus releasing the next4 7,rules ,,ii and ,,iii47 ,having played and refilled all spaces1 proceed to deal out the entire pack1 playing all suitable cards1 and refilling spaces2 the unsuitable cards forming the talon4 ,in forming the foundations1 one card at a time may be exchanged from the ascending to the descending sequence1 and vice vers4 ,the talon may be taken up1 shuffled1 and re-dealt twice4 ,note4--,it is so exceedingly disadvantageous that there should be duplicate cards in the herring-bone1 that in the ,german variety of this game the herring-bone is set out from a single pack before the two packs are shuffled4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,olga4 ,,the ,,olga ,four ,piquet ,packs ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,each card in the flower-bed must be turned face upward as soon as the card immediately below it is removed4 ,the card so turned is then available4 ,,iii4 ,cards on the flower-bed may be placed in descending sequence upon each other 7and cards from the pack or talon may also be placed in sequence on the flower-bed71 but must be so placed in alternate colors1 i4e41 a black eight upon a red nine1 and so on4 ,,play ,deal out forty-nine cards in seven horizontal rows1 each containing seven cards4 ,this is called the flower-bed4 ,in the first row the cards are placed face upward1 in the second row face downward1 and so on alternately1 the seventh or last row being face upward4 ,should there not be space1 each row may half cover the preceding one4 ,the foundations consist of sixteen aces1 ascending in sequence through sevens to kings 7,rule ,i74 ,when the flower-bed has been dealt1 if any aces appear in the lowest row1 play them in their allotted spaces1 as also any deuces or other suitable cards1 always turning the card above the one played1 face upward4 ,available cards on the flower-bed 7,rule ,,ii7 may be placed in descending sequence on each other1 but in alternate colors 7,rule ,,iii74 ,they may be transferred from one packet to another1 and on doing this judiciously the success of the game depends4 ,cards from the pack or talon may also be placed in sequence 7,rule ,,iii7 on those of the flower-bed4 ,you are not obliged to play cards on the foundations1 if to place them on the flower-bed seems more advantageous4 ,continue to deal out the entire pack1 playing on foundations1 placing and transferring on the flower-bed1 the unsuitable cards forming the talon4 ,if you succeed in removing an entire perpendicular row of cards1 the space at the top may be filled by any available card of the flower-bed 7,rule ,,ii71 and upon that card may be placed sequences 7,rule ,,iii7 as on the other rows4 ,illustration3 ,c,,sar4 ,c,,sar ,nine ,cards from ,one ,entire ,pack ,,play ,withdraw from one entire pack nine cards1 composed of any suits1 from ace to nine inclusive4 ,place these nine cards in three rows1 each containing three cards4 ,endeavor1 by changing their position1 so to dispose them1 that the number of pips in each row1 counting the cards horizontally1 perpendicularly1 and diagonally1 may make the sum of fifteen4 ,the tableau shows only three fifteens1 but if the cards are properly placed eight fifteens can be made4 ,illustration3 ,,red ,,and ,,black4 ,,red ,,and ,,black ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,cards may be placed on the ,volunteers in descending sequence1 but they must be of alternate colors4 ,on the black four 7see tableau7 would be placed a red three1 then a black deuce1 and so on4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack the eight aces1 placing them in pairs of alternate colors in a horizontal line 7see tableau74 ,these are the foundations and ascend in sequence to kings 7,rule ,i74 ,next deal out eight cards1 placing them underneath the foundations4 ,this row of cards is called the ,volunteers4 ,examine the ,volunteers and play any suitable cards on to the foundations1 immediately filling each vacancy from the cards in hand4 ,when no more can be played1 proceed to form sequences in descending line with cards of the ,volunteers1 subject strictly to ,rule ,,ii2 then again play all that are suitable and proceed to deal out the cards till the pack is exhausted1 playing cards on the foundations or placing them in sequence on the ,volunteers1 and always refilling vacancies4 ,the unsuitable cards form the talon4 ,when the pack is exhausted1 the talon may be taken up1 shuffled1 and re-dealt once4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,square4 ,,the ,,square ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,the four aces 7foundation cards7 ascend in sequence to kings4 ,when each packet has ascended to king1 a second king 7same suit7 is placed on the top1 and another sequence on the same packet descends to ace1 with which the four foundations terminate4 ,,play ,deal out sixteen cards1 as in tableau4 ,this is the ,square 7,quadrat74 ,during the deal1 the four aces of different suits must be placed in their allotted spaces as they appear4 ,these are the foundations1 which ascend in sequence to kings and descend again to aces 7,rule ,,ii74 ,when the ,square is complete1 play from it any suitable cards1 and marry both in ascending and descending line with cards on the ,square1 immediately refilling spaces from the pack or talon4 ,continue to deal out the whole pack1 playing first in ascending1 then in descending sequence 7,rule ,,ii71 marrying1 and refilling spaces2 the unsuitable cards forming the talon4 ,the sequences on the ,square can be reversed from one packet to another1 thus if on one packet there were a sequence of which the top card was a nine1 and on another a sequence of which the top card was either an eight or a ten 7of course of the same suit71 either of these could be placed on the nine and the whole sequence reversed1 but great care must be taken in reversing sequences1 lest cards should hopelessly block each other4 ,much practice is required in order to avoid this danger4 ,if the game succeeds1 the double series of sequences which began with four aces1 will likewise finish with four aces4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,margarethe4 ,,margarethe ,one ,entire ,pack of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,the king foundations descend from ten to eight2 the knaves1 from seven to five2 the queens1 from four to two4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack all the court cards and place them in the form of an ,m1 as in tableau4 ,these twelve cards are the foundations4 ,all the aces as they appear are to be placed in one packet in the ,m underneath the knaves4 ,you next deal nine cards and place them in the form of an ,a 7see tableau74 ,these are the help cards1 and from them you play any that are suitable on to the foundations1 the first played on a king being a ten1 on a knave a seven1 and on a queen a four 7,rules ,i and ,,ii71 filling the spaces from the pack in hand4 ,you next proceed to deal out the whole pack1 playing on the foundations1 placing aces in the reserved space in the ,m1 refilling vacancies in the ,a1 and placing unsuitable cards in the talon4 ,if the game succeeds1 the final tableau will form an ,m composed of the eights1 the fives and the twos1 the four aces being placed crossways in the centre4 ,the talon may be re-dealt once4 ,illustration3 ,,mount ,,olympus4 ,,mount ,,olympus ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations and the battery follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,the foundations ascend in alternate sequences2 the aces1 in odd numbers1 #c1 #e1 #g1 etc41 till they finish with kings2 the twos1 in even numbers1 #d1 #f1 #h1 etc41 till they finish with queens4 7,knaves count eleven2 queens1 twelve47 ,,iii4 ,cards may be placed on the battery in alternate descending sequence2 thus1 on a nine place a seven1 on the seven1 a five1 on a queen place a ten1 then an eight1 and so on4 ,,iv4 ,the uppermost cards of the battery are alone available1 until their removal releases those beneath4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack the eight aces and the eight twos1 and place them in the form of a pyramid1 as in tableau2 these are the foundations which ascend in alternate sequence1 till they end respectively with kings and queens4 7,rules ,i and ,,ii47 ,next deal out nine cards as in tableau1 this is called the battery4 ,suitable cards of the battery may be played on the foundations1 and may also be placed on each other in alternate descending sequence4 7,rules ,i1 ,,iii1 and ,,iv47 ,the unsuitable cards form the talon4 ,continue to deal out the entire pack1 playing on the pyramid1 placing cards on the battery1 and refilling spaces from pack or talon4 ,if the game succeeds1 the pyramid will be formed of alternate kings and queens4 ,the talon may be taken up and re-dealt once4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,wheel4 ,,the ,,wheel ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,vacancies in the cushion are only refilled after the first deal1 but not after any subsequent deal4 ,,ii4 ,no two cards of the same value may be used in making each combination of eighteen4 ,,iii4 ,even when there are three cards on the cushion which make the required sum1 these cards cannot be removed unless the cushion contains a court card to crown them4 ,they must in that case remain in their places until a court card appears on the cushion4 ,,iv4 ,court cards are excluded from the combinations1 which must be made with the pips of minor cards1 the court cards crowning each packet4 ,v4 ,only the uppermost cards of the cushion are available1 but their removal releases those underneath4 ,,play ,withdraw the eight aces and place them in the form of a cross 7see tableau74 ,next1 deal out twelve cards in two horizontal rows beneath1 but leaving room for the circle to be placed as in tableau4 ,these twelve cards are called the cushion4 ,the object is to make as many combinations of the sum of eighteen as possible with cards in the cushion4 ,each combination must be composed of three cards 7,rule ,,iv7 and no two cards must be of similar value 7,rule ,,ii74 ,some of the combinations1 for example1 might be #b1 #g1 #i1 or #c1 #e1 #aj1 or #b1 #f1 #aj1 and so on4 ,when any three cards make the required sum1 take them up together1 and put any court card that may be in the cushion at the top1 and place the packet thus crowned1 face upward1 on one of the spaces reserved in the circle4 ,should there be no court card1 the combination cannot be made 7,rule ,,iii74 ,as you withdraw cards to place on the circle1 refill the spaces from the pack in hand4 ,when no more combinations can be made1 you proceed to deal out twelve more cards1 covering those already forming the cushion1 and to make fresh combinations with all available cards 7,rule ,v72 but when vacancies are now made they cannot be refilled4 7,rule ,i47 ,cards1 therefore1 in this and the subsequent deals may have to be dealt on to empty spaces from which other cards have been withdrawn4 ,you continue to deal out fresh rows following the same rules1 and must never make combinations until each deal is complete4 ,if the game succeeds1 the final tableau will show the cross of aces in the centre1 surrounded by a circle of twenty-four court cards4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,two ,,rings4 ,,two ,,rings ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rule ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack all the sevens and all the sixes1 and arrange them as in tableau4 ,these are the foundations4 ,the sevens ascend to kings1 the sixes descend to aces 7,rule74 ,you next deal out eight cards in a horizontal line4 ,this is called the bracelet4 ,take from the bracelet all suitable cards and play them on the foundations1 refilling vacancies in the bracelet1 and placing unsuitable cards on the talon4 ,if the game succeeds1 the ,zwei ,ringe 7two rings7 will be formed respectively of kings and aces4 ,the talon may be taken up and re-dealt once4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,nation4 ,,the ,,nation ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,in dealing the cards of each column and counting them from one to eight1 a card played on the foundation does not have its number repeated1 the next card dealt counting as the following number4 ,,iii4 ,only the lowest card of each column is available until its removal releases the one above it2 no card being available that has another below it4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack four aces and four kings of different suits1 placing them above in two horizontal lines4 ,these are the foundations1 the aces ascending in sequence to kings1 the kings descending to aces 7,rule ,i74 ,underneath the foundations deal out eight cards in a perpendicular line1 beginning on the left-hand side2 and on the right of this column deal eleven other columns1 each consisting of eight cards4 ,this would result in twelve columns of equal number of cards1 as seen in tableau1 but for the following conditions3 ,in dealing the first eight cards1 count them as you deal1 from one to eight1 and when any card is suitable for a foundation1 or to continue a foundation1 play it1 counting the next card as the following number4 ,for example1 if the card counted as ,no4 #d were suitable1 you play it and count the next card ,no4 #e2 and if ,no4 #g were likewise suitable1 you would play it and count the next 7and last7 card as ,no4 #h1 although1 in fact1 the column would only contain six cards 7,rule ,,ii74 ,but although suitable cards are thus played as they turn up in the deal1 a card once placed in a column cannot be removed4 ,you should observe the same method in dealing out all the twelve columns4 ,when the tableau is complete1 the lower card of each column is available 7,rule ,,iii71 and may be played if suitable2 and marriages also may be made1 both in ascending and descending sequences1 with available cards from each column4 ,when an entire column has been removed1 the vacant space may be filled by any one available card 7,rule ,,iii71 and cards can be placed in sequence upon it1 as on those of the other columns4 ,when all available cards have been played or married1 the tableau is to be taken up1 beginning with the left-hand column1 the cards of each column being carefully kept in their proper order1 the second column being placed underneath the first1 the third underneath the second1 and so on4 ,thus1 when the pack is turned to re-deal1 the last column will be the uppermost1 and will be the first of the new columns4 ,the tableau may be taken up and re-dealt twice4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,carpet4 ,,the ,,carpet ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,cards on the carpet 7teppich7 are only available when one of the narrow ends is free 7i4e41 the top or bottom of the card74 ,no card is available when both the narrow ends are blocked by other cards4 ,on the tableau crosses are placed to show the available cards after the carpet has been dealt4 ,,iii4 ,when a card from the carpet is played1 it does not free the next one1 because its removal cannot free either of the narrow ends of that card1 yet it helps the game indirectly1 and the inner cards become by degrees available4 ,,iv4 ,when the talon is formed1 any available cards from the carpet can be placed in ascending or descending sequences upon the uppermost card of the talon1 following suit4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack four aces and four kings of different suits4 ,these are the foundations1 and ascend and descend in the usual sequences4 ,next deal out sixty-four cards exactly in the order and pattern of those in the tableau4 ,this is called the carpet 7teppich74 ,play from the carpet all available cards 7,rules ,i and ,,ii71 and then deal out the remainder1 playing suitable ones or placing the unsuitable cards as a talon4 ,when the talon is formed1 examine the carpet before you place each card of the talon1 as you have the privilege of placing cards from the carpet on to the talon 7,rules ,,ii and ,,iv71 and it is always advisable to do this when possible1 for although at the moment the cards removed may not release others1 it assists the development of the game by diminishing the number of cards in the carpet4 ,in dealing the cards1 suitable ones need not be played on a foundation1 if by placing them on the talon a greater number can be freed from the carpet4 ,the success of the game mainly depends on detaching cards from the carpet4 ,great care must be taken to carry out strictly ,rule ,,ii4 ,no card can possibly be used1 either to play on a foundation or to be placed in sequence on the talon1 unless one of the narrow ends is free2 but as other cards are removed1 those even in the centre become available by a clear lane having been opened out1 either horizontal or perpendicular1 leading up to one of the narrow ends of each card4 ,the talon may be taken up1 shuffled1 and re-dealt twice1 but great care must be taken in the third deal as to the placing of sequences4 ,if one foundation of any suit is finished1 sequences from the carpet should not be formed on the talon except in descending sequence2 but1 of course1 if1 in dealing the talon1 cards should get placed in the wrong 7ascending7 sequence1 there is no remedy1 but in that case the game could not succeed4 ,there are two re-deals4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,fish-,,bone4 ,,the ,,fish-,,bone ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,kings and queens cannot find their places on the tableau until the knaves to which they belong have been placed 7i4e41 each foundation knave should have a king and queen of the same suit on either side1 see tableau74 ,if1 therefore1 a king or queen should turn up in the deal1 it must be consigned to the talon1 unless one of the knaves of the same suit is already placed to receive it4 ,,play ,deal out six cards on the left-hand side 7see tableau74 ,these are called the gridiron4 ,cards in the gridiron may marry in ascending sequence1 but only with cards from the pack or talon1 and not with each other4 ,the foundation cards are the eight knaves1 which descend in sequence to aces 7,rule ,i71 and are to be played as they appear in the deal1 in a perpendicular line 7see tableau74 ,you next examine the gridiron1 and if a knave is there1 play it1 as also any other suitable cards to continue the foundations1 and as kings and queens appear1 place them1 in accordance with ,rule ,,ii4 ,you continue to deal out the entire pack1 playing on the foundations1 and marrying in ascending sequence on the gridiron1 from which you play all suitable cards1 refilling vacancies from the pack or talon4 ,never omit to place the kings and queens when it can be done 7,rule ,,ii74 ,the unsuitable cards form the talon4 ,if the game succeeds1 the final tableau will show a line of aces1 each having a king and a queen of the same suit on either side4 ,the talon may be taken up and re-dealt once1 observing the same rules4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,congress4 ,,the ,,congress ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,cards from the rivers may marry in descending line with cards on the helps1 but not vice vers4 ,,iii4 ,cards on the help packets may marry in descending line with cards of each other's packets1 and also with cards from the rivers4 ,,iv4 ,the uppermost cards of the help packets are alone available until their removal releases those beneath4 ,v4 ,each row of cards on the rivers blocks the preceding one1 but on the removal of any card the one immediately above it is released1 and becomes available4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack the eight aces1 and place them in two columns on the right3 these are the foundations1 which ascend in sequence to kings 7,rule ,i74 ,next deal four cards1 and place them in a horizontal line below1 leaving plenty of room for the tableau above3 these are called the help cards4 ,next place at the upper end of the table a horizontal row of eight cards3 this commences what is called the rivers1 and from the rivers you play any suitable cards on the foundations1 or marry in descending line with the help cards 7,rule ,,ii71 immediately refilling the vacancies thus caused from the pack4 ,from the helps you now play on to the foundations1 and form marriages in accordance with ,rule ,,iii4 ,when all possible cards have been played1 proceed to deal out successive rows of eight cards on the rivers1 each row partly covering the preceding one1 and temporarily blocking it 7,rule ,v74 ,in dealing1 you may not play a card from any row until that row is complete4 ,after dealing each row1 pause and examine the tableau1 playing and marrying all suitable cards1 and refilling vacancies1 both in the rivers and helps1 with cards from the pack4 ,in filling up vacancies in the rivers1 those in the uppermost rows must first be refilled4 ,after the entire pack is exhausted1 the skill of the player will be required4 ,the four packets of help cards may now be increased to eight4 ,to effect this1 any four available cards may be selected from the rivers to begin the new packets1 which have all the privileges of the original ones1 and should be placed in the same line4 ,the player may use his own discretion concerning them4 ,he is not obliged to place the four new helps at once1 but only as they are required1 and it is best to keep one or two of the spaces free1 so as to receive any card from the rivers which1 in the progress of the game1 is found to block a card much needed4 ,if any of the packets of help cards are played off1 the vacancy may be filled by another card from the rivers1 but the packets must never exceed the number of eight4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,note4--,in the tableau only three rows of the rivers are shown4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,louis ,,patience4 ,,the ,,louis ,,patience ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit1 as do also cards of the alphabet4 ,,ii4 ,during the deal each circle of the alphabet absolutely blocks the preceding one1 but1 when the entire deal is complete1 the removal of cards from the alphabet releases those on the circles beneath1 which now become available4 ,,play ,withdraw from the pack four aces and four kings of different suits1 and place them as in tableau4 ,the aces ascend in sequence to kings1 the kings descend to aces 7,rule ,i74 ,you next deal twelve cards1 forming a square outside the foundations1 each card bearing a letter3 this square is called the alphabet4 ,begin the deal at letter a1 and finish it at letter m1 and during the deal play any suitable cards as they turn up4 ,you must now examine the alphabet1 and play from it any suitable cards1 but observe that as each circle of the alphabet is dealt it blocks the previous one1 and cards in the lower circles cannot be used1 even if released1 until the entire pack has been dealt 7,rule ,,ii74 ,you next proceed to deal out a second circle of twelve cards1 on the top of the first one1 beginning as before with a and finishing with m2 and you continue to deal out successive circles until the pack is exhausted1 observing the same rules with regard to each circle4 ,when the entire pack has been dealt out1 and all available cards have been played 7,rule ,,ii71 you are allowed to form marriages1 both in ascending and descending line1 with the available cards of the alphabet4 ,when no more cards can be played1 or married1 take up the alphabet in succession1 beginning with the letter g1 and ending with f4 ,in this manner the order of the packets is reversed4 ,then1 without shuffling1 deal out all the cards as before1 beginning at a1 and finishing at m1 observing the same rules as in the first deal4 ,if during this second deal a card turns up suitable alike for an ascending or descending foundation1 you can place it on either1 and you may change it from one to the other4 ,if you prefer it1 you may even lay the card aside for the moment1 playing it on whichever foundation appears the most suitable as the game progresses4 ,there may be three re-deals4 ,illustration3 ,,sly4 ,,sly ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,cards dealt on to the promenade need not follow suit1 and are not necessarily placed in sequence4 ,,iii4 ,only the uppermost card of each packet of the promenade is available until its removal releases the card beneath4 ,,iv4 ,cards may be played as they turn up in the deal1 but a card once placed on the promenade cannot be played until each deal of twenty cards is complete4 ,,play ,deal out two horizontal rows1 each consisting of ten cards 7or you may1 if you prefer it1 place four rows of five cards73 this is called the promenade4 ,the foundations will consist of four aces and four kings of different suits1 the aces ascending in sequence to kings1 the kings descending to aces 7,rule ,i74 ,during the deal1 if any foundations appear1 place them at once in their allotted spaces1 and also play any other suitable cards as they turn up1 refilling vacancies from the pack4 ,when the first deal of twenty cards is complete1 examine the promenade and play from it all suitable cards4 ,when no more can be played1 deal out a second row of twenty cards1 always1 however1 playing suitable ones as they turn up in the deal4 ,this second row of twenty cards must be placed on the top of 7i4e41 covering7 the first row1 but in any manner and on any cards of the promenade you please4 ,you have the option of heaping several cards on to one packet1 or of merely placing a second row on the top of the first2 but you must carefully count the cards as you place them1 as each deal of twenty cards must be complete before any can be played--7the cards that have been played during the deal do not count among the twenty74 ,continue to deal out in like manner successive rounds of twenty cards1 observing the same rules1 until the pack is exhausted4 ,between each deal examine the promenade1 and play from it all available cards 7,rule ,,iii71 refilling vacancies from the pack4 ,the success of the game entirely depends on the skill of the player in arranging cards on the promenade4 ,it is advantageous to place cards in sequence1 and of the same suit1 on the packets of the promenade 7although it is not required1 see ,rule ,,ii71 as they are then ready to be played on the foundations2 but the greatest care is required to avoid placing two ascending or two descending sequences of the same suit on any packet1 as one of the two would necessarily be useless1 cards not being transferable from one packet to another4 ,there is no re-deal4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,great ,,thirteen4 ,,the ,,great ,,thirteen ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the uppermost card of each of the ground packets is alone available until its removal releases the card beneath4 ,,ii4 ,if in the development of the game a card is released in the ground packets which is equally suitable for filling a vacancy in the numerals 7caused by the ground packets having failed to produce the desired sum71 or for the process of addition1 the preference must be given to filling the vacancy4 ,,iii4 ,in dealing the ground packets in the first instance it is advisable to count them in order from one to eight1 in order to verify their exact position2 for in re-dealing the ground packets at the end of the game they must be counted from one to eight1 and the cards must be dealt on to them in order1 whether there are cards in each space or whether there is a vacancy1 through the packet having been played off4 ,the packet of cards or the vacancy are to be treated in like manner4 ,,play ,this is a very difficult game and requires much attention4 ,among other peculiarities it has no foundation cards4 ,deal out eight packets in a horizontal line1 each containing thirteen cards dealt together3 these are called ground packets4 ,deal them from left to right 7,rule ,,iii74 ,if in this first deal any kings appear on the surface1 slip them underneath the packets to which each belongs2 but this may only be done in the first deal4 ,when the eight ground packets have been dealt1 take the uppermost card of each1 and place these eight cards in a line above3 this line is called the balcony4 ,between the balcony and the ground packets be careful to leave space for the line of numerals 7see tableau74 ,you now count the value of each card in the balcony1 and double it1 the knave counting eleven1 the queen twelve1 and the king thirteen1 with which card1 if the game succeeds1 each of the numeral packets will terminate4 ,if any card on the ground packets 7,rule ,i7 corresponds to the doubled value of any card on the balcony1 you place that 7ground-packet7 card immediately below the balcony card1 thus beginning the packets called numerals4 ,example 7see tableau74--,on the blank cards1 the numeral #f is placed under a three1 the #d under a two2 but if in doubling1 the value of any balcony card exceeds thirteen1 the excess over thirteen constitutes the value of the card to be placed underneath4 ,example4--,an ace 7numerals7 is placed under a seven1 the double of seven being fourteen1 which is one in excess of thirteen4 ,a knave 7,bube7 is placed under a queen2 the double of twelve being twenty-four1 which is eleven in excess of thirteen4 ,a three under an eight2 the double of eight being sixteen1 which is three in excess of thirteen4 ,if the ground packets fail to produce suitable cards for numerals according to the calculations just named1 vacant spaces must of necessity remain in the line of numerals1 which will be filled as the game develops 7,rule ,,ii74 ,when all suitable cards have been transferred from the ground packets to the numerals1 the next process is that of addition4 ,the value of each card on the numeral line must be added to that of the card on the balcony immediately above it1 and you must again transfer from the ground packets to the numeral line any cards whose value corresponds with the addition thus made1 it being understood that any card taken from the ground packet must always be placed on the numeral which is exactly underneath the balcony card to whose value it is added4 ,thus1 in continuing the game by addition1 on the numeral ace would be placed an eight1 on the ,bube 7knave7 would be placed a ten2 because in the former case one and seven make eight1 in the latter1 eleven 7knave7 and twelve 7queen7 make twenty-three1 which is ten in excess of thirteen4 ,if in this stage of the game cards are released in the ground packets suitable either for filling vacancies or for continuing the packets of addition in the numeral line1 the refilling of the vacancies must be the first object 7,rule ,,ii74 ,when two or more cards of the ground packets are equally suitable1 select which you please 7,rule ,i71 and you may examine the underneath cards to assist you in your choice4 ,when further progress is impossible1 the third and last process is as follows3 ,take up the first of the ground packets counting from the left 7,rule ,,iii74 ,if ,no4 #a has been played off1 you take ,no4 #b1 and so on4 ,turn the packet face downward1 and deal the cards on to the other ground packets face upward1 beginning with the packet next on your right 7if you are dealing ,no4 #a1 begin to deal on ,no4 #b71 and in doing this follow very accurately the method prescribed by ,rule ,,iii4 ,after you have dealt as far as ,no4 #h1 begin again at ,no4 #a1 and continue dealing 7,rule ,,iii7 till the packet you hold is exhausted4 ,you then take up the next packet1 and deal it out in the same manner1 beginning on your right 7if you are dealing ,no4 #c1 deal the first card on ,no4 #d71 and continue to deal out each packet till all are exhausted1 pausing between each deal to examine the packets and to make further combinations1 and placing on the numerals any suitable cards that may have been produced by the fresh deal1 but the re-deal of each ground packet must be complete before placing cards on the numerals4 ,if after re-dealing all the ground packets1 the packets of numerals do not all end with kings 7thirteen71 the game has failed4 ,illustration3 ,,canfield ,,or ,,klondike4 ,,canfield ,,or ,,klondike ,one ,entire ,pack of ,cards ,from ,the ,official ,rules of ,card ,games1 copyright #ahig1 #ahih1 #ahii1 #aijj1 #aijd1 #aijg1 #aiaa1 #aiab1 #aiac1 by ,the ,u4 ,s4 ,playing ,card ,co41 ,cincinnati1 ,ohio4 ,,play ,the player pays #eb counters for the pack and he is paid #e counters for every card he gets down in the top foundations4 ,the cards being shuffled and cut1 the first is turned face up and laid on the table4 ,to the right of this card1 but face down1 are placed six more cards in a row4 ,immediately below the left-hand card of this row that is face down another card is placed face up1 and five to the right of it face down4 ,another card face up below and four to the right face down1 and so on until there are seven cards face up and twenty-eight in the layout4 ,any aces showing are picked out and placed by themselves above the layout for foundations4 ,these aces are built on in sequence and suit up to kings4 ,the moment any card in the layout is uncovered by playing away the bottom of the row1 the next card in that vertical row is turned face up4 ,cards in the layout are built upon in descending sequence--,k1 ,q1 ,j1 down to #d1 #c1 #b--;and must alternate in color2 red on black1 black on red4 ,if there be more than one card at the bottom of a row1 all must be moved together or not at all4 ,spaces are filled with kings only4 ,the stock is run through one card at a time and any card showing can be used1 either on the layout or foundations4 ,when the pack has been run through once that ends it4 ,illustration3 ,,anna4 ,,anna ,two ,entire ,packs of ,cards ,,rules ,i4 ,the foundations follow suit4 ,,ii4 ,the uppermost card of each packet of the helps is alone available until its removal releases the card beneath4 ,,iii4 ,when queens appear among the helps1 whether placed in the original deal or in refilling vacancies1 no other cards can be laid upon them4 ,they remain as single cards4 ,,play ,deal out eight cards in the shape of a capital ,a3 these are called helps4 ,whenever in the course of the deal knaves turn up1 they are to be placed so as to form the letter ,n 7see tableau74 ,the eight knaves are the foundation cards1 which descend in sequence to kings4 ,when the helps 7letter ,a7 have been laid out1 play from them any suitable cards to continue the foundations 7if any of these have been already placed71 refilling the vacancies from the pack or talon4 ,you next proceed to form marriages in ascending line with cards of the helps1 except in the case of queens1 on which cards must not be placed 7,rules ,,ii and ,,iii74 ,when no other cards can be played or married1 proceed to deal out the entire pack1 playing the knaves and other suitable cards forming marriages with cards in the helps1 refilling vacancies and placing unsuitable cards as a talon4 ,if the game succeeds1 the final tableau shows the letter ,a composed of queens1 and the letter ,n of kings1 with which the foundation cards terminate4 ,the talon may be re-dealt twice4