,,problems ,,( ,,imman5ce ,,/udies ,,critical ,,& ,,con/ructive ,,by ,j4 ,,w>s*au]1 ,m4,a41 ,d4,phil4 ,,au?or ,,( ,,! ,,new ,,evangel1 ,,jesus3 ,,sev5 ,,que/ions1 ,,etc4 ,,see ,,t ,,!re ,,is ,,no ,,"o ,,:o ,,makes ,,y ,,8 ,,prey ,,by ,,means ,,( ,,8 ,,!osophy1 ,,:i* ,,is ,a ,,va9 ,,deceit ,,aft] ,,! ,,traditions ,,( ,,m51 ,,aft] ,,! ,,elem5ts ,,( ,,! ,,_w ,,& ,,n ,,aft] ,,*ri/4 ,col4 ii4 #h4 7,dr4 ,m(fatt's ,translation47 ,,london ,,james ,,cl>ke ,,co4 #ac #ad ,,fleet ,,/reet #aiji ,transcrib]'s note3 ,page numb]s 9 ?is book are indicat$ by numb]s enclos$ 9 curly braces1 e4g4 #ii4 ,!y h be5 locat$ :]e page breaks occurr$ 9 ! orig9al book1 9 accordance ) ,project ,gut5b]g's ,,faq-,v-#ii4 #e ,,preface ,ab\t a ye> ago c]ta9 t5d5cies 9 ! popul> discussion ( ! doctr9e ( ,div9e ,imman5ce sugge/$ to ! pres5t writ] ! idea ( a brief sket* or article1 to be publi%$ "u ! title1 ,! ,tru? ( ,transc5d5ce4 ,on fur!r reflection1 h[ev]1 a some:at m ext5d$ treatm5t ( s important a subject seem$ desirable1 & ?is has be5 attempt$ 9 ! foll[+ *apt]s4 ,:5 ! doctr9e ( imman5ce began1 z x has be5 ( late1 to be reass]t$ 9 a some:at pron\nc$ mann]1 mo/ ( ^? :o 7 be/ able to judge felt consci\s ( c]ta9 dang]s likely to arise ?r\gh mis9t]pretation & ov]-emphasis2 t ^? anticipations h be5 abundantly realis$1 no c>eful /ud5t ( rec5t developm5ts w dispute1 & ! pres5t book is int5d$ bo? to call att5tion to ^! dang]s & to br+ out ! di/9ction betwe5 ! tru? ( imman5ce & :at to ! au?or seem p]v]sions ( t tru?4 ,9 ! meantime1 :ile ^! pages 7 pass+ ?r\gh ! press1 !re has appe>$ a new "w f ! brilliant p5 ( ,pr(essor ,william ,james1#a "s s5t5ces f :i* might to a l>ge ext5t be tak5 z indicat+ #f ! /&po9t ( ! volume n[ submitt$ to ! read]3-- ,god1 9 ! religi\s life ( ord9>y m5 is ! "n n ( ! :ole ( ?+s1 heav5 =bid1 b only ( ! ideal t5d5cy 9 ?+s1 believ$ 9 z a sup]human p]son :o calls u to co-op]ate 9 ,8 purposes1 & :o fur!rs ours if !y are wor?y4 ,he works 9 an ext]nal environm5t1 has limits1 & has enemies4 ,:5 ,john ,mill said t ! notion ( ,god's omnipot5ce mu/ be giv5 up1 if ,god is to be kept z a religi\s object1 he 0 surely accurately "r2 yet1 s preval5t is ! lazy ,monism t idly haunts ! regions ( ,god's "n1 t s simple & tru?ful a say+ 0 g5]ally treat$ z a p>adox2 ,god1 x 0 said1 c\ld n be f9ite4 ,i believe t ! only ,god wor?y ( ! "n mu/ be f9ite4 ,x is precisely ! !ory :i* id5tifies ,god ) ! :ole ( ?+s :i* w be combat$ 9 ! foll[+ discussions2 x is precisely ! lazy ,monism t idly haunts ! regions ( ,god's "n to :i* !y (f] a pla9 & direct *all5ge4 ,at ! same "t su* a phrase z t 9 :i* ,pr(essor ,james speaks ( ,god z work+ 9 an ext]nal environm5t w\ld seem unduly to "u-emphasise ! fact ( imman5ce2 & x may be said at once t ! !ory ( ,div9e f9itude put =w>d by ! pres5t writ] w be se5 to diff] f t ( ,john ,/u>t ,mill1 z ! idea ( self-limitation diff]s f t ( a limitation ab extra--9 o!r words1 z ,!ism diff]s f ,deism4 ,x is p]haps a little rem>kable t ! fundam5tal ant9omies :i* arise f ! assumption ( ! actual inf9ity ( ,god %\ld n h be5 m frequ5tly dealt )2 or r1 t ?9k]s po/ulat+ t inf9ity #g z a basal axiom %\ld h be5 comp>atively bl9d to its logical implications4 ,= if ,god is inf9ite1 !n ,he is all2 & if ,he is all1 :at becomes ( human individuality1 or h[ are human initiative & responsibility s mu* z ?9kable8 ,b5jam9 ,j[ett1 9 8 ,essay on ,pr$e/9ation & ,freewill1 glanc$ at ?is problem 9 pass+1 & ! rem>ks he made ^u x m ?an fifty ye>s ago1 if some:at t5tative1 are well wor? consid]ation to-day3-- ,god is inf9ite4 ,b 9 :at s5se8 4 4 4 ,press ! idea ( ! inf9ite to its utmo/ ext5t1 till x is alone 9 ! univ]se1 or r is ! univ]se itself1 9 ?is heav5 ( ab/raction1 nev]!less1 a cl\d beg9s to appe>2 a limitation ca/s its %ad[ ov] ! =mless void4 ,inf9ite is f9ite because x is inf9ite4 ,t is to say1 because inf9ity includes all ?+s1 x is incapable ( creat+ :at is ext]nal to itself4 ,d5y inf9ity 9 ?is s5se1 & ! be+ to :om x is attribut$ receives a new p[]4 ,god is great] by be+ f9ite ?an by be+ inf9ite 4 4 4 ,logic mu/ admit t ! inf9ite ov]-rea*es itself by d5y+ ! exi/5ce ( ! f9ite1 & t !re are "s limitations1 su* z ! impossibility ( evil or falsehood1 :i* are ( ! ess5ce ( ! ,div9e nature4#b ,:]e1 ( c\rse1 ,div9e imman5ce is held to mean ! allness--:i* is ! /rict equival5t ( ! inf9ity--( ,god1 evil 9 e %ape & =m w ei!r h to be ascrib$ to ! direct w & ag5cy ( ,god ,himself1 or = apologetic purposes to be r$uc$ to a m]e semblance1 or n-be+4 ,?us we are told to-day 9 pla9 t]ms t if ,god does n av]t evil1 x is because ,he requires x2 #h t :at to u seems evil is orda9$ ( ,god2 t-- ,if pray]s & e>?quakes break n ,heav5's design1 ,h[ !n a ,borgia or a ,catil9e8 ,b if evil be only app>5t & n real1 we %all surely1 hav+ ga9$ ?is insight1 be too wise to wa/e indignation ^u ! non-exi/5t2 if :at we call misde$s 9 reality fulfil ,god's own requirem5ts1 a ?or\ghly enlight5$ public op9ion w n seek to int]f]e ) ! sacr$ activities ( ! pick-pocket1 ! =g]1 ! sweat]1 ! r\1 e "o ( :om may plead t he is b c>ry+ out ! ,div9e ord9ances2 if ,alex&] ,borgia's p]juries1 poison+s & debau*]ies break n ,heav5's design1 b are orda9$ ( ,god = "s purpose1 morality itself becomes an explod$ ana*ronism4 ,x is because ^! & su* z ^! are ! results 9 ! fields ( religion & conduct :i* fl[ f c]ta9 errors 9 ! field ( speculation1 t ^! *apt]s h be5 writt51 & are n[ s5t =?4 ,belief 9 a p]sonal ,god1 p]sonal fre$om1 p]sonal immortality--^! ess5tials ( religion are "o & all endang]$ :]e ! doctr9e ( ,div9e imman5ce is pres5t$ 9 t]ms ( a moni/ic philosophy2 x has be5 ! writ]'s object to safegu>d & v9dicate ^! tru?s anew 9 a volume :i*1 ?\gh ( necessity l>gely critical 9 me?od1 he (f]s z :olly con/ructive 9 aim4 ,augu/ #a/1 #aiji4 #a ,a ,plurali/ic ,univ]se4 #b ,!ssalonians1 ,galatians & ,romans1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #chh-i4 ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,,page ,,introduction3 ,,div9e ,,imman5ce 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #aa ,i4 ,,"s ,,problems ,,( ,,imman5ce 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #bc ,,ii4 ,,pan!ism3 ,,! ,,suicide ,,( ,,religion 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #da ,,iii4 ,,! ,,e?ics ,,( ,,monism 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #ec ,,iv4 ,,monism ,,& ,,! ,,individual 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #fd ,v4 ,,! ,,div9e ,,p]sonality 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #gd ,,vi4 ,,evil v]sus ,,div9e ,,goodness 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #hg ,,vii4 ,,evil v]sus ,,div9e ,,goodness 7cont47 4 4 4 4 4 4 #aja ,,viii4 ,,! ,,d5ial ,,( ,,evil 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #aai ,,ix4 ,,det]m9ism 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #ada ,x4 ,,morality ,,z ,a ,,religion 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #aga ,,xi4 ,,problems ,,( ,,pray] 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #aib ,,xii4 ,,immortality 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #bah #aa ,,introduction ,,div9e ,,imman5ce ,! doctr9e ( ,div9e imman5ce is 9 a v special & unmi/akeable mann] ! re-discov]y ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,no?+ c\ld be m remote f fact ?an to call t doctr9e a new--or ev5 an old--h]esy4 ,old x c]ta9ly is1 b h]etical 9 itself x z c]ta9ly is n2 x c po9t to unque/ionable w>ranty 9 ,holy ,scripture1 :]e su* is dem&$1 & x has nev] be5 repudiat$ by ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4 ,b j z a law1 )\t be+ repeal$1 may fall into desuetude1 s a doctr9e1 )\t be+ repudiat$1 may = a "t fade out ( ! ,*ur*'s consci\sness2 & 9 ! "o case z 9 ! o!r any attempt at revival w ar\se a c]ta9 am\nt ( di/ru/ & opposition4 ,!re w\ld no d\bt be a measure ( tru? 9 ! /atem5t t ! suspicion & antagonism ) :i* ! rec5t re-enunciation ( ?is p>ticul> doctr9e or idea 0 att5d$ 9 "s qu>t]s1 exemplifi$ ?is g5]al attitude ( ! human m9d t[>ds ! unaccu/om$2 & yet su* a /atem5t1 made )\t qualification1 #ab w\ld be only a half-tru?4 ,! fact is1 & x _c be /at$ too soon or too cle>ly1 t if ! antagonism & suspicion exhibit$ h be5 exceptionally /rong1 !re h be5 exceptional causes to ju/ify bo?4 ,al>m1 & t ( a v legitimate nature1 has be5 call$ =? by "o-sid$ & extravagant /atem5ts ( ! idea ( ,div9e imman5ce on ! "p ( ill-balanc$ advocates2 & 9 ?is book we %all be almo/ cont9ually occupi$ ) ! task ( dis5gag+ ! tru? ( imman5ce f :at appe> to u mis*iev\s trave/ies ( t tru?4 ,t su* a task is a necess>y "o1 we are firmly conv9c$2 = if1 z ,pr9cipal ,ad5ey says1 among all ! *anges 9 !ology t h be5 witness$ dur+ ! la/ hundr$ ye>s ?is--i4e41 ! re-discov]y ( ! pr9ciple ( ,div9e imman5ce--is ! greate/1 ! mo/ revolution>y1 x mu/ c]ta9ly be ( p>am\nt importance t we %\ld und]/& & apply t pr9ciple aright4 ,confess$ly1 x d5otes a great & f>-rea*+ *ange2 c we1 !n1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 briefly & pla9ly /ate :at ?is *ange is f1 :at x involves1 & 9 :at respect x is suppos$ to help u 9 deal+ ) ! problem ( religion8 ,x has to be borne 9 m9d1 to beg9 )1 t ! v t]m imman5ce _h = a long "t ceas$ to be 9 curr5t use1 & _h ?us become /range to ! av]age believ]2 x has equally to be rememb]$ t 9 !ology z #ac 9 o!r matt]s we h n yet altoge!r pass$ ! /age :]e ho/is means bo? /rang] & foe--t1 9 fact1 to _m m9ds1 ! unfamili> is1 z we said1 eo ipso ! suspect4 ,b imman5ce means no?+ m ab/ruse ?an indwell+2 & ! r5ew$ emphasis :i*1 f ! "t ( ,wordswor? onw>d1 began to be laid ^u ! ,div9e indwell+1 ! pres5ce ( ,god 9 ! ,univ]se1 repres5t$ 9 ! fir/ place ! reaction ( ! human _s aga9/ ! cold & =mal ,deism ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 :i* ?\ght ( ,god z remote1 ext]nal to ! _w1 exclusively transc5d5t4 ,accord+ to ! dei/ic notion1 ,god 0 kn[n to man only by reason ( a revelation ,he _h giv5 once & = all 9 ! f>-(f pa/--a revelation :i* 9 its v nature exclud$ ! idea ( progress2 z aga9/ ?is conception t ( ! imman5ce ( ,god decl>es t ,he is n f> f ea* "o ( u1 t 9 ,him we live & move & h our be+1 t ,he is ov] all & ?r\gh all & 9 all--! ,life ( all life1 ! ,en]gy beh9d all ph5om5a1 ! ,pres5ce f :i* !re is no escap+1 unceas+ly & progressively--?\gh by div]s portions & 9 div]s mann]s--reveal$ 9 ! univ]se1 9 nature & 9 man4 ,?us express$1 ! doctr9e ( ,god's ne>ness & indwell+ w probably comm5d itself to mo/ ?\ghtful religi\s p2 b 9 #ad re-emphasis+ an aspect ( tru? !re is always ! dang] ( ov]-emphasis+ x1 ( claim+ x z ! :ole & sole tru?--( fall+1 9 a ^w1 f "o extreme into ! o!r4 ,to t rule ! pres5t case (f]s no exception2 x is1 on ! contr>y1 v di/9ctly "o ( ! p5dulum sw++ z f> 9 "o direction z x previ\sly swung to ! o!r4 ,let u !n at once /ate ! !sis :i* _m ( ! foll[+ pages w s]ve to elaborate3 :5 ! indwell+ ( ,god 9 ! univ]se is int]pret$ z mean+ ,8 id5tity ) ! univ]se2 :5 ! indwell+ ( ,god 9 man is tak5 to mean ,8 id5tity ) man1 ! :ole /ructure ( religion is gravely imp]ill$4 ,= 9 ! id5tity ( ,god ) ! _w & ) man--:i* is ! root-t5et ( ,pan!ism--!re is inevitably involv$ ! surr5d] ( bo? ! ,div9e & ! human p]sonality4 ,we %all h occasion to see h[ mu* su* a surr5d] signifies2 = ! mom5t x suffices to say pla9ly t ,pan!ism1 ! doctr9e :i* d5ies ! transc5d5ce ( ,god1 is by no means ! same z t :i* affirms ,8 imman5ce1 nor does x logically foll[ f t affirmation4 ,! mi/ake s frequ5tly made lies 9 reg>d+ ! ,div9e imman5ce & ! ,div9e transc5d5ce z mutually exclusive alt]natives1 :]eas !y are complem5t>y to "o ano!r4 ,a "o-sid$ insi/5ce on ! imman5ce ( ,god1 to ! exclusion ( ,8 transc5d5ce1 leads to #ae ,pan!ism1 j z a "o-sid$ insi/5ce ^u ,8 transc5d5ce1 to ! exclusion ( ,8 imman5ce1 leads to ,deism2 x is ! two tak5 toge!r t result 91 & are necess>y to1 ,!ism4 ,?us x _c be too well und]/ood1 & x %\ld be und]/ood at ! v outset1 t we h n to make any?+ l a *oice betwe5 imman5ce & transc5d5ce--t ^! two c nev] be sep>at$1 b are relat$ to ea* o!r z ! less to ! great]1 z ! "p to ! :ole4 ,"o naturally %r9ks f employ+ a diagram 9 deal+ ) su* a topic z ?is2 b p]haps rec\rse might )\t (f5ce be _h to ?is me?od--necess>ily imp]fect z x is--on acc\nt ( its ess5tial simplicity1 & because x is calculat$ to remove misappreh5sions4 ,if we c ?9k ( a v l>ge sph]e1 ,a1 &1 situat$ any:]e )9 ?is1 ( a v small sph]e1 a--!n ! relation ( ! small] to ! great] w be t ( ! sph]e ( imman5ce to ! sph]e ( transc5d5ce4 ,! two are n mutually sep>able1 b ! "o has its be+ :olly )9 ! o!r4 ,nev]!less x is q true t !re has be5 )9 rec5t ye>s a di/9ct %ift+ ( ! c5tre ( gravity f ! "o doctr9e to ! o!r1 a gr[+ disposition to reg>d ! imman5ce ( ,god z ! fundam5tal datum1 ! basis ( ! mod]n re/atem5t ( religi\s belief4 ,h[ w ?is conception help u to #af su* an end8 ,! answ] to t "q may be giv5 9 ! words ( ,dr4 ,horton1 :o says1 ,! intellectual backgr\nd ( our "t is ,agno/icism1 & ! reply :i* fai? makes to ,agno/icism is c\*$ 9 t]ms ( ! imman5ce ( ,god4 #a ,dr4 ,horton's mean+ w gr[ cle>] to u if we once m glance at our imag9>y diagram1 lett+ ! small] figure a1 ! sph]e ( imman5ce1 /& = our univ]se4 ,if ! sph]e ( ,god's be+ lay altoge!r outside ! univ]se1 i4e41 outside ! radius ( our k--if ,he1 9 o!r words1 7 m]ely & altoge!r transc5d5t--,he w\ld also be m]ely & altoge!r unkn[able1 exactly z ,agno/icism av]s4 ,8 transc5d5t attributes1 all t p>takes ( inf9ity1 _c--& t ( necessity--become objects ( imm$iate k to f9ite m9ds2 if ,he is to be kn[n at all to u1 ,he c only be s kn[n by be+ manife/$ ?r\gh ,8 pres5ce )91 or action ^u1 ! f9ite & compreh5sible sph]e4 ,9 o!r words1 x is prim>ily z ,he is reveal$ 9 & ?r\gh ! f9ite _w1 t is to say z imman5t1 t ,god becomes kn[able to u2 all t is includ$ "u ,8 transc5d5ce is ( ! v highe/ importance = u--religion w\ld be utt]ly incomplete )\t x--b x is an inf]5ce we make f ,8 imman5ce4 ,x is1 to give an obvi\s illu/ration1 only to a transc5d5t ,god t we c (f] pray]--,god #ag ov] all :om ! s\l ne$s1 to ent] into relations )al2 b x is also true t we ga9 ! assurance ( ,8 transc5d5ce ?r\gh ,8 imman5ce1 & t ,! ,god )\t he f9de? n1 ,:o f9ds ,him n )94 ,9 a ^w1 ! ,div9e imman5ce is n ! goal ( our que/ ( ,god1 b x is ! indisp5sable />t+-po9t4 ,a simple reflection w s]ve to place ?is beyond d\bt4 ,aga9/ ! old-fa%ion$ ,deism :i* cont9u$ to be> sway till f> into ! la/ c5tury1 ! agno/ic _h an almo/ fatally easy case2 he _h b to reject ! revelation alleg$ to h be5 giv5 once = all 9 ! dim pa/--to reject x on sci5tific or critical gr\nds--& :o 0 to prove to him t ! univ]se _h be5 creat$ a few ?\s& ye>s ago by a remote & ext]nal ,deity8 ,z = him1 he pr(ess$1 & pr(ess$ c&idly en\gh1 t he c\ld see no?+ 9 nature b ! op]ation ( imp]sonal =ces2 !re 0 natural law1 & !re 0 ! process ( evolution1 b beyond ^!----8 ,n[ ! only really tell+ reply t c be made to ^? :o argue 9 ?is fa%ion is t :i* reasons f ! ,div9e imman5ce z its t]m9us a quo--! doctr9e :i* beholds ,god fir/ ( all pres5t & active 9 ! _w1 & sees 9 natural law n a possible sub/itute = ,him1 b ! work+ ( ,8 sov]eign ,w4 ,f ?is po9t ( view1 ! ord]l9ess ( ! cosmos1 #ah ! uni=mity & regul>ity ( nature1 atte/ n ! unconsci\s ?robb+ ( a s\lless eng9e1 or a bl9d ,p[] beh9d ph5om5a1 b a direct+ ,m9d1 a prevail+ ,w4 ,! _w1 accord+ to ?is conception1 0 n made once ^u a "t1 l a piece ( clockwork1 & w\nd up to run )\t fur!r assi/ance2 x is n a me*anism1 b an organism1 ?rill$ & p]vad$ by an et]nal ,en]gy t worke? ev5 until n[4 ,9 ,sir ,oliv] ,lodge's phrase1 we mu/ look = ! action ( ,deity1 if at all1 !n always2 & ?is ?\ght ( ! indwell+ ,god1 reveal+ ,himself 9 ! maje/ic c\rse & ord] ( nature1 n only rebuts ! assaults ( ,agno/icism1 b compels our wor%ip4 ,& z natural law speaks to u ( ! /eadfa/ness & prevail+ p[] ( ! ,div9e ,w1 s evolution speaks ( ! ,div9e ,purpose1 & proclaims t purpose someh[ good1 s9ce evolution means a /eady rea*+ =w>d & upw>d1 an unfold+ & asc5t f less to m4 ,we take a /ep high] up :5 we come to ! fur!r revelation ( ,god z se5 dwell+ 9 man2 a /ep high] up because on any sane view imman5ce is a fact admitt+ ( v v>i\s degrees1 s t ,god is m fully reveal$ 9 ! organic ?an 9 ! inorganic _w1 m 9 ! consci\s ?an 9 ! unconsci\s1 f> m 9 man ?an 9 l[] creatures4 ,we speak ( ,god's indwell+ 9 man 9 ! #ai same s5se 9 :i* !re is some?+ ( an e>?ly p>5t's v be+ 9 8 *ildr52 inde$1 rightly consid]$1 ! ,div9e ,p>5?ood is ! only rational gu>antee ( t human bro!rhood :i* is be+ s /rongly--or1 at lea/1 s l\dly--insi/$ on to-day4 ,man1 t is to say1 is n id5tical ) ,god1 any m ?an a son is id5tical ) 8 fa!r2 b man is consub/antial1 homog5e\s1 ) ,god1 lit by a ,div9e sp>k )9 him1 a p>tak] ( ! ,div9e sub/ance4 ,z 9 nature we disc]n ,god reveal$ z ,p[]1 ,m9d1 ,w1 ,purpose1 s 9 man's moral nature1 & 8 inn] satisfaction or dissatisfaction accord+ z he does or does n approa* a c]ta9 moral /&>d1 we disc]n ,him z ,righte\sness2 &1 m ?an all1 s9ce m51 be+s 9 :om ! ,_s ( ,god dwelle?1 are p]sons1 x foll[s t ,god also is at lea/ p]sonal1 s9ce !re c be no?+ 9 an effect t is n 9 ! cause produc+ x4 ,?us ! doctr9e ( ,div9e imman5ce ?r[s at lea/ a ray ( light ^u "o ( ! problems :i* press ) peculi> weight ^u _m mod]n m9ds--& :i* we %all consid] at great] l5g? h]eaft]--viz41 ! ,div9e ,p]sonality4 ,!re rema9s1 h[ev]1 a /ill fur!r /ep to be tak5 along ! l9e :i* we h be5 pursu+4 ,we are n fully satisfi$ :5 we "k ,god ev5 z p]sonal1 ev5 z righte\s2 ! assurance :i* alone w satisfy ! awak5$ human _s is t :i* tells u #bj t ,god is ,love1 & t ,8 true/ "n is t ( ,fa!r4 ,h[ c\ld su* a culm9at+ assurance come to u8 ,we conceive t ?is end c\ld only be a*iev$ ?r\gh a complete manife/ation ( ! ,div9e "* on a f9ite scale1 i4e41 ?r\gh ,8 indwell+ 9 an unp>allel$ measure 9 a unique & e?ically p]fect be+2 & su* an ev5t1 we hold1 has actually tak5 place 9 :at is kn[n z ! ,inc>nation4 ,9 ! words ( ,dr4 ,horton1 ! doctr9e ( ! imman5ce ( ,god1 ! idea t ,god is 9 u all1 leads u irresi/ibly to ! conclusion t ',god 0 9 ,*ri/1 reconcil+ ! _w unto ,himself4' ,?is argum5t1 he says--viz41 f ,div9e imman5ce--becomes m & m fav\rable to ! doctr9e ( ,*ri/'s ,div9ity4 #b ,! highe/ & true/ k ( ,god1 t :i* x mo/ conc]ns u to possess1 c\ld h become ours only ?r\gh ,"o 9 :om ! fulness ( ,godhead dwelt bodily1 9 :om we saw ,div9ity 9 its ess5ce & )\t alloy4 ,to br+ u ?is p]fect revelation 01 inde$1 ! v reason ( ,*ri/'s adv5t4 ,we come to ! ,fa!r ?r\gh ! ,son1 because !re is no o!r ,way4 ,we h se5 ! light ( ! k ( ! glory ( ,god 9 ! face ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! v ,image ( ,8 ,sub/ance4 ,div9e ,love1 mighty to save1 full ( r$emptive p[]1 long+ = ! s\l ) inf9ite affection--9 f9e1 ,fa!rhood--?is is :at con/itutes #ba religion's ultimate2 & ?is revelation we h 9 ! ,inc>nate ,son1 9 :om ! ,_s dwelt )\t measure--:o1 i4e41 /&s =? z ! supreme & unp>allel$ illu/ration ( ! ,div9e imman5ce4 ,"h1 !n1 we h a fir/1 prelim9>y survey ( ! mean+ ( ?is mu*-discuss$1 mu*-misund]/ood t]m--a m]e outl9e sket* :i*1 ne$less to say1 requires a great deal ( fill+ 91 su* z w be attempt$ 9 subsequ5t pages ( ?is book4 ,s mu* %\ld be cle> f :at has be5 said1 t ! n9ete5? c5tury1 9 practically re/or+ ?is fruitful & f>-rea*+ conception to a ,*ur* :i* _h l>gely =gott5 x1 made a contribution ( ! utmo/ importance to !ology & religion2 inde$1 ! value ( t contribution c\ld h>dly be m /rongly /at$ ?an 9 ! utt]ances ( ,dr4 ,horton :i* we h quot$ above4 ,su* a factor1 h[ev]1 _c be introduc$1 or re-introduc$1 into our !ological ?9k+ )\t necessitat+ a good deal ( revision1 nor )\t caus+ a c]ta9 measure ( tempor>y confusion & dislocation2 x w accord+ly be ! pr9cipal object ( ! foll[+ *apt]s to cle> up misappreh5sions :i* h aris5 9 connection ) ! idea ( imman5ce1 to assign to x its approximately prop] place 9 ,*ri/ian ?\ght1 & to safegu>d an important tru? aga9/ ! injury done to x--& #bb s to all tru?--by a zeal t is n accord+ to k4 ,corruptio optimi pessima3 9 unskill$ h&s ?is doctr9e is c]ta9ly apt to become a dang] to religion itself2 nev]!less1 rightly appli$1 !re is probably no m pot5t in/rum5t ?an ?is to help u 9 t recon/ruction ( belief :i* is admitt$ly ! urg5t bus9ess ( our age4 ,x is true1 z ,raymond ,bruck] said1 t ! answ] to ! riddle ( ! univ]se is ,god--! answ] to ! riddle ( ,god is ,*ri/2 b x is also true1 we hold1 t ! mo/ effective key = ! unlock+ ( ! riddle is ! idea ( ,div9e imman5ce4 #a ,my ,belief1 p4 #ajg4 #b ,op4 cit42 pp4 #ajh1 #aji4 #bc ,,*apt] ,i ,,"s ,,problems ,,( ,,imman5ce ,x us$ to be said ( a fam\s volume ( apologetics--) :at ju/ification ?is is n ! place to discuss--t x rais$ m difficulties ?an x pr(ess$ to settle2 & a some:at simil> *>ge has m ?an once be5 br\ght aga9/ ! doctr9e ( ,div9e imman5ce1 viz41 t if x succe$$ 9 ?r[+ light ^u "s problems1 x creat$ new ones ( a p>ticul>ly insoluble "*4 ,! old dei/ic notion :i* int]pos$ a di/ance betwe5 ! ,creator & ,8 creation1 & 9 p>ticul> repres5t$ ,god z !re & man z "h1 might be unt5able 9 philosophy1 b x 0 at lea/ intelligible & practically helpful to ord9>y m9ds2 b does n ! idea ( ,god's imman5ce 9 ! _w & 9 man t5d to efface t di/9ction1 & ?us to introduce confusion :]e confusion is lea/ to be desir$8 ,9 ! pres5t *apt] we %all attempt to glance at "s ( ! ma9 que/ions :i* arise 9 connection ) ?is doctr9e2 &1 to beg9 )1 we may /ate ) ! utmo/ frankness t no?+ is easi] ?an to int]pret ! #bd conception ( ,div9e imman5ce 9 su* a mann] z to make x appe> ei!r ludicr\s or hateful or simply mean+less--9 any case repulsive f ! religi\s po9t ( view4 ,?is1 to come /raight to ! po9t1 is :at is b\nd to happ5 :5 ,god's indwell+ 9 man is expla9$ z mean+ t man is de facto "o ) 8 ,mak]4 ,:at c\ld ! g5]al read] ?9k :5 he 0 told ) vehem5ce1 ,y are y\rself ! inf9ite--,y are y\rself ,god2 y nev] 7 any?+ else8 ,if t read] 0 lack+ 9 m5tal balance1 he 0 likely to be swept (f 8 feet by su* a decl>ation1 & to accept1 ) all its implications1 a view s flatt]+ to human vanity2 if1 on ! o!r h&1 he 0 a p]son ( sob]ly religi\s outlook & exp]i5ce1 he inquir$ :at 0 ! doctr9e 9 ^: "n su* a proposition 0 (f]$ to him = acceptance--& on le>n+ t ! "n ( t doctr9e 0 ! unfamili> "o ( imman5ce1 /raightway set x d[n z ! wor/ ( bra9-sick h]esies4 ,?us1 n = ! fir/ "t1 has a cause or tru? be5 w\nd$ & discr$it$ by injudici\s advocacy4 ,= ! purpose :i* we h 9 view we _c d bett] ?an /ate :at we consid] ! fundam5tal mis9t]pretation ( ?is doctr9e 9 ! consid]$ words ( "o ( its mo/ popul> expon5ts1 :o expresses x z foll[s3 ,god 9 man is ,god z man4 ,!re is no real ,div9e ,imman5ce :i* does n imply ! #be allness ( ,god4 #a ,x is n too mu* to say t ?is brief /atem5t conta9s ! fons et origo ( all ! misund]/&+s ) :i* ! re-enunciation ( ?is idea has be5 att5d$2 x is ?is assumption ( ! allness ( ,god :i* und]lies & col\rs q a numb] ( mod]n movem5ts1 & w be se5 to lead ^? :o accept x into endless & inextricable tangles4 ,if ,god is all1 !n :at are we8 ,grant$ ! basal axiom ( ?is type ( imman5tism1 x foll[s ) irresi/ible cog5cy t our sep>ate exi/5ce1 consci\sness1 volitions & s =? are m]ely illusions4 ,we c be ourselves ,god only 9 ! s5se t we are individually no?+2 ! contr>y impression is simply an error1 :i* we %all h to recognise z su*1 & to get rid ( ) :at spe$ & ?or\ghness we c4 ,?is1 x is true1 is m easily said ?an done1 = our :ole life bo? ( ?\ght & action be>s incessant witness to ! opposite2 !re are1 h[ev]1 ^? to ^: temp]am5t su* a complete contradiction1 s f> f be+ di/ress+1 is positively grateful because ( its sugge/ion ( my/]y & my/icism4 ,sometimes a ,t]tullian voices ?is abdication ( ! reason+ faculty defiantly--c]tum e/ quia impossibile e/2 b m (t5 p]haps ! same position #bf is express$ 9 ! _s ( ,t5nyson's well-kn[n l9es1 :i*1 inde$1 be> directly ^u our imm$iate !me3-- ,we feel we are no?+--= all is ,?\ & 9 ,!e2 ,we feel we are some?+--t also has come f ,!e2 ,we "k we are no?+--b ,?\ wilt help u to be4 ,we submit1 h[ev]1 t :ile su* a contemplation (1 or oscillation betwe51 mutually de/ructive t5ets may = a "t m9i/] to "s k9d ( ae/hetic enjoym5t1 ! heal?y m9d _c p]man5tly f9d satisfaction :ile ?us susp5d$ 9 mid-air2 nor are we appreciably advanc$ by ! temp] :i*1 aft] po9t+ out "s alleg$ fundam5tal ant9omy1 quietly accepts--i4e41 9 practice ignores--x4 ,problems ( ?is description are n solv$ by :at ,mat!w ,arnold call$ a want ( intellectual s]i\sness2 is x true1 we ask1 t ! my/ical view ( ! ,div9e imman5ce compels u to believe 9 ! allness ( ,god1 & s to d5y our individual exi/5ce8 ,! answ] is t ?is soi-disant my/ical view is simply a di/ort$ view ( :at imman5ce means4 ,we are n really call$ ^u to d viol5ce to ! collective facts ( our exp]i5ce1 :i* rise up 9 unanim\s & spontane\s te/imony aga9/ ! mon/r\s fiction t we are ei!r no?+ or ,god4 ,! fallacy ^u :i* ?is fiction re/s is n a #bg v subtle "o4 ,:5 we speak ( ,god's indwell+ 9 man1 we pr$icate t community ( nature :i* ! writ] ( ,g54 ii expresses by say+ t ,god creat$ man 9 ,8 own image2 we pr$icate1 i4e41 :at we already call$ homog5eity--lik5ess ( sub/ance--& n id5tity1 :i* is a v diff]5t ?+4 ,we d n commit ourselves to ! proposition t ,god 9 man is ,god z man4 ,p>5t & *ild are l9k$ toge!r by a precisely analog\s bond to t subsi/+ betwe5 ,god & man1 b !y are nev]!less di/9ct individualities4 ,b1 x w be object$1 ! analogy does n hold1 = p>5t & *ild are bo? f9ite2 h[ c a simil> sep>at5ess be s mu* z ?\ght to exi/ betwe5 ,god & man1 see+ t ,god is inf9ite8 ,x w be se5 t ! objection m]ely re/ates ! allness ( ,god "u a diff]5t =m2 & ?is br+s u to ! v he>t ( ! matt]4 ,we mu/ at l5g? face ! "o conclusion :i* does n l& u 9 self-contradiction--viz41 t 9 ! act ( creation ,god limits ,8 own inf9ity1 no matt] to h[ inf9itesimal an ext5t4 ,on ! alt]native supposition we h ultimately to ?9k ( ,god & man ei!r z ,all plus some?+ or ,all plus z]o--:i* is absurd4 ,mr4 ,*e/]ton has r5d]$ useful s]vice by insi/+ t 9 creat+ ! _w ,god di/+ui%es ,himself f ! _w1 z a poet is di/9ct f 8 poem--a tru? :i* he has cond5s$ into an aphorism1 #bh ,all creation is sep>ation2 b on ! "p ( ! ,deity su* sep>ation implies ( necessity ! self-limitation j spok5 (4 ,j z a billion1 m9us ! billion? fraction ( a unit1 is no long] a billion1 s inf9ity itself1 limit$ ?\gh x be b by a hair's-bread?1 is no long]1 /rictly speak+1 inf9ite4 ,once we admit ?is ,div9e self-limitation z a work+ !ory1 we %all no long] be tr\bl$ by ! unreal difficulty ( hav+ to reconcile ! pr9ciple ( ,div9e imman5ce ) ! fact ( individual exi/5ce4 ,! ,div9e sp>k may burn 9 man1 brightly or dimly z ! case may be1 & yet be sep>ate f ! c5tral & et]nal ,fire :5ce x has be5 flung =?2 9 o!r words1 man may be a p>tak] ( ! ,div9e nature )\t be+ himself ,god4 ,if we are to be able to believe 9 ei!r a univ]se or a humanity :i*1 ?\gh ! sc5e ( ,div9e imman5ce1 are n id5tical ) ,god1 x seems to u t su* a view ( creation z we h j prop\nd$ is inevitable2 & unless ?is non-id5tity c be ma9ta9$--unless1 t is to say1 we def9itely repudiate ! idea ( ! allness ( ,god--religion itself is r$uc$ to a mi/y & ineffective !osophy4 ,! issues involv$ 9 ! acceptance or rejection ( ?is view appe> to u ( su* importance t1 at ! risk ( seem+ to lab\r our po9t unnecess>ily1 we are anxi\s to make x p]fectly pla94 ,9 ! phase ?r\gh :i* #bi religi\s ?\ght is pass+ to-day !re are few ?+s m urg5tly ne$$ ?an to dispel t int]pretation ( imman5ce :i* oblit]ates ! l9e ( dem>cation betwe5 ,god & man4 ,we may decl9e ! me*anical dualism :i* plac$ ! ,creator altoge!r outside ! univ]se1 & yet embrace a view :i* = want ( a bett] "n might be call$ spiritual dualism1 & :i* ma9ta9s ! di/9ction ( :i* we are speak+4 ,:at happ5s :5 t di/9ction is lo/1 is suffici5tly app>5t f a /atem5t l ! foll[+1 actually address$ to a miscellane\s audi5ce3 ,if !re is an et]nal ?rone1 y are on x n[2 !re has nev] be5 a mom5t :5 y 7 n on x4 ,su* d[nright extravagance is mo/ suitably met ) a bald contradiction3 man is n on ! et]nal ?rone1 & !re has nev] be5 a mom5t :5 he 0 on x4 ,x is ?is fact :i* makes wor%ip s mu* z possible2 x is1 9 %ort1 ! transc5d5t ,god ) :om we are conc]n$ 9 ! ex]cise ( religion1 = z ,mr4 ,*e/]ton puts x 9 8 own mann]1 t ,jones %all wor%ip ! god )9 him turns out ultimately to mean t ,jones %all wor%ip ,jones4 ,let u see :at foll[s if we once s]i\sly p]suade ourselves t we are on ! et]nal ?rone1 or1 to extract its mean+ f t picturesque phrase1 t ! pres5ce ( ,god is already p]fectly realis$ 9 u4 ,we _c b ?9k we %all c>ry ! read] #cj ) u 9 say+ t su* a belief is 9 itself indicative ( spiritual dang]2 inde$1 !re c h>dly be a great] dang] ?an t :i* is directly enc\rag$ by ! idea t we h already atta9$1 & t all is well ) u1 see+ t we are "o ) ! ,all-good4 ,on su* a supposition1 :y pray--= ev5 7 !re ,"o o!r ?an ourselves to pray to1 :at is !re to pray =8 ,or1 to quote ! actual "q ( a believ] 9 ?is k9d ( imman5ce1 ,:y ask outside = a /r5g? :i* we already possess8 ,:at a nave "q ( ?is calibre reveals only too pla9ly is t self-complac5cy :i* is ! mo/ deadly foe ( ! spiritual life4 ,"o is rem9d$ ( ! ,am]ican /ory 9 :i* a bright & intellig5t wife asks h] cultur$ b indiff]5t husb&1 ,is x true t ,god is imman5t 9 u all8 ,i suppose s1 he answ]s2 b x does n greatly matt]4 ,! "q is1 ,d we already possess ! /r5g? = :i* we ask8 ,or r1 ,does n ! v fact t we ask = x prove t we d n possess x1 & t ,he f :om we ask x is n ourselves8 ,is n ! gift ( ! ,holy ,_s1 ! ,div9e invasion ( ! s\l1 a fact ( exp]i5ce1 & is x n also a fact t t gift is only to be _h = ! ask+1 only giv5 9 response to e>ne/ & p]sev]+ pray]1 & t x effects 9 ^? :o receive x a *ange ( ?\ght & feel+8 ,all ^! are facts re/+ on irrefragable evid5ce2 ! app>5t problem is1 to #ca h>monise !m ) ! affirmation ( ! div9ity exi/+ 9 man4 ,if ,god be truly 9 u all1 !n 9 :at s5se or to :at purpose c we pray = a consummation :i*1 x w be urg$1 is ex hypo!si an accompli%$ fact at ! "t t we ask = x8 ,we reply t ! ,div9e indwell+ 9 man is ( ! nature ( a capacity = /riv+ r ?an ( an atta9m5t1 a pot5tiality r ?an an actuality1 a prophecy r ?an a fulfilm5t4 ,man's long+ = communion ) ,god1 z = an unrealis$ good1 is ! long+ ( l = ,l1 b x is only ?r\gh /ruggle & ef=t t ! goal c be rea*$4 ,! ,et]nal is inde$ ! ,life ( all life1 & to t ext5t x is true t all life expresses ,him2 nev]!less our orig9al div9e end[m5t is no m ?an ! mat]ial :i* has to be %ap$ & wr\ght into ! type ( p]fect4 ,)\t ?is div9ity ( sub/ance z x might be call$1 we %\ld nev] h ! f9i%$ product1 div9ity ( "*2 b ! latt] c only be a*iev$ ?r\gh ardu\s & p]sev]+ endeav\r4 ,)\t a g5u9ely div9e elem5t--)\t ! ,_s brea!d into man by 8 ,creator--we c\ld n ev5 realise our failure1 nor aspire aft] a full] portion ( t same life-giv+ ,_s2 x is :at we h t tells u ( :at we lack1 & directs u to ,him :o alone c supply our want out ( ,8 inexhau/ible fulness4 ,& if we h ?us f\nd an answ] to ! "q1 ,h[1 f ! po9t ( view ( #cb ,div9e imman5ce1 c !re be any?+ b ,god8 we h at ! same "t receiv$ a h9t indicat+ :]e we %all h to look = ! answ] to ano!r qu]y ( ev5 m directly practical int]e/1 viz41 ,h[1 f ! same po9t ( view1 c !re be any?+ b good--h[ c !re be any real evil1 physical or moral8 ,put 9 t extreme =m1 ?is problem1 l ! "o ) :i* we h j dealt1 arises f ! errone\s ass]tion ( ! allness ( ,god2 b z ! :ole subject ( ! reality ( evil w come up = treatm5t at a lat] /age1 we ne$ n n[ ent] into its discussion4 ,at "o aspect1 & "o only1 ( ?is va/ & complex !me we may1 h[ev]1 be p]mitt$ to glance = a mom5t be=e we pass on4 ,if ,god dwells 9 u1 x is frequ5tly ask$1 :5ce comes :at ,paul s pa!tically calls ! law ( s9 :i* is 9 our memb]s--:5ce come ! wrongful desires & h>mful passions ( ^: p[] we are s pa9fully consci\s8 ,t is an entirely legitimate & ev5 inevitable qu]y1 b ! solution ( ! enigma is n pa/ f9d+ out1 ?\gh we mu/ cont5t ourselves ) a m]e sugge/ion4 ,we h1 9 ! fir/ place to keep our hold ( ! fact1 disreg>d+ all pleas to ! contr>y1 t s9 is a reality1 & n a phantasm ( our imag9ation2 we %all !n diagnose its nature z ! misuse1 ! unfai?ful adm9i/ration1 ( ! p[] :i* ,god has conf]r$ ^u u = employm5t 9 ,8 holy s]vice2 & !n1 #cc la/ly1 we %all gr[ aw>e t ! v pa91 ! s5se ( unhapp9ess & moral discord by :i* ! consci\sness ( guilt is ev] accompani$1 is ! prote/+ voice ( t :i* is ! deepe/ reality )9 ourselves--! indwell+ ,div9e4 ,b :5 we h %[n t ! doctr9e ( ,div9e imman5ce does n1 z "s ( its advocates w\ld h u believe1 swall[ up human individuality--a subject to :i* we %all return--we are fac$ ) yet ano!r difficulty4 ,! "q is ask$--aga91 q naturally & inevitably--,9 :at s5se c we speak ( ,god z imman5t 9 ! inorganic _w8 ,h[1 e4g41 does a /one embody or express ,8 ess5ce8--& yet1 if x is n someh[ a manife/ation ( ,him1 :at is ?is cold1 lifeless1 pond]able sub/ance we call a /one8 ,nor d matt]s gr[ simpl] :5 we asc5d 9 ! scale3 we may trace ! imman5t ,deity 9 all t is good & fair 9 nature1 9 all its smil+ & b5efic5t moods--b :at ( nature's ugl9esses & cruelties8 ,is ,god express+ ,himself 9 ! f]ocity ( ! tig]1 ! poison\s malice ( ! cobra1 ! gre$ ( e unclean c>rion-bird8 ,if ,he is su* z religion repres5ts ,him1 h[ c ,he be pres5t 9 ^!8 ,we may quote ) rapture ! famili> l9es 9 :i* ! poet tells u3-- ,i h felt ,a pres5ce t di/urbs me ) ! joy ,( elevat$ ?\ghts4 4 4 #cd ,b ! _w :i* is ! dwell+ ( t some?+ f> m deeply int]fus$ ( :i* ,wordswor? s+s1 does n consi/ exclusively ( ! light ( sett+ suns1 ,& ! r\nd ocean1 & ! liv+ air1 ,& ! blue sky4 4 4 --x conta9s also dismal1 fev]-bre$+ swamps1 dreadful des]ts1 dre>y wa/es ( et]nal ice1 plung$ into d>kness half ! ye>2 are we go+ simply to ignore ^! realities :5 we speak ( ! ,div9e indwell+ 9 ! _w8 ,&1 once m1 %all we ass]t ?is doctr9e :5 we rememb] ! cold cunn+ ( ! spid]1 or ! delight 9 torture display$ by ! dome/ic cat8 ,x dep5ds1 we answ]1 :at we mean by ?is doctr9e2 if we con/rue imman5ce to signify allness1 we may z well admit fir/ z la/ t !re is no way ( escape f ! difficulties :i* ^! qu]ies sugge/4 ,9 t case x is n = u to pick & *oose--to say t ,god is ! beauty ( ! beautiful1 b n ! ugl9ess ( ! ugly2 ! compassion ( ! compassionate1 b n ! cruelty ( ! cruel3 if ,he is all1 ,he is bo?1 & = t v reason is nei!r4 ,t is ! real inw>dness ( a conception ( ! ,deity :i* repres5ts ,him1 ) ,om> ,khayyam1 z ,"o-- ,^: secret ,pres5ce1 ?r\gh ,creation's ve9s ,runn+1 ,quicksilv]-l eludes y\r pa9s2 ,tak+ all =ms f ,mh to ,mhi2 & ,!y *ange & p]i% all--b ,he rema9s4 #ce ,su* a doctr9e c only mean t ! ,div9e ,sub/ance1 "u a myriad-fold v>iety ( appe>ances1 is equally diffus$ ?r\gh all creation1 l ! univ]sal e!r ( sci5ce2 & su* a conception ( ! ,et]nal1 :atev] else x may be1 ceases ipso facto to be religi\sly helpful4 ,! c\nt]p>t ( ! !oretical allness w\ld be ! practical no?+ness ( ,god4#b ,b hav+ q def9itely decl9$ to place su* a con/ruction ^u imman5ce1 we are pres]v$ f ! absurdities :i* fl[ f x4 ,we may & d hold t all ! works ( ! ,"l manife/ ,him 9 "s mann] & 9 "s measure2 b1 z we already /at$ 9 our introductory *apt]1 n all d s 9 ! same mann] or ! same measure1 & n any ( !m nor all ( !m are ,he4 ,to ! specific inquiry1 ,:at1 if n "p ( ,god1 is ?is /one8--we c1 inde$1 only answ] 9 ! words ( ,t5nyson t if we knew :at ! lea/ object 0 9 itself1 we %\ld "k :at ,god & man is4 ,b1 deal+ ) ! "q m g5]ally1 we may say t :at inorganic nature %[s =? ( ! indwell+ ,god is ,8 prevail+ ,p[] & abid+ ,law2 look+ ^u ! works ( ,him :o /ret*e? out ! nor? ov] empty space1 & hange? ! e>? ^u #cf no?+1 we c b feel t aw$ admiration ( ,8 wisdom & might :i* is express$ ov] & ov] aga9 9 ! ,book ( ,job4 ,& ?is impression deep5s :5 we pass upw>d f ! inorganic to ! organic creation2 = n only d we behold ! entire va/ spectacle ?rill$ ?r\gh & ?r\gh by "o ,life1 b we are also enabl$ to disc]n some?+ ( ! augu/ ,purpose :i* progressively realises itself 9 all ! phases ( ! cosmic process4 ,t ! ,god reveal$ by ! univ]se mu/ transc5d ! univ]se 9 ord] to be 9 any real s5se its ,creator1 is self-evid5t2 b t x is ,8 own ,en]gy :i* p]vades x1 a pres5t ,p[] op]at+ f )9--9 o!r words1 t ,he is imman5t 9 ! _w1 z well z transc5d5t--is a ?\ght f :i* we _c legitimately escape4 ,:5 we speak ( ! imman5ce ( ,god 9 nature1 !re=e1 we mean pr9cipally imman5ce ( ,p[]2 & due weight %\ld be giv5 to ?is qualification1 s9ce its effect is to remove ! ob/acles we h enum]at$ above4 ,= x ought to be pla91 ?\gh 9 popul> discussion x is con/antly ov]look$1 t ,god _c be e?ically pres5t 9 ! une?ical1 nor p]sonally pres5t 9 ! imp]sonal4 ,& "h1 x seems to u1 we g to ! root ( our pres5t problem1 viz41 by re-emphasis+ :at is indisp5sable to a "r conception ( ?is :ole doctr9e--t imman5ce is ( necessity a matt] ( degrees4 ,nature is n moral1 #cg & h5ce does n reveal ,god's moral "* to u2 nature is n p]sonal1 & !re=e1 :ile its op]ations po9t ) irresi/ible cog5cy to p]sonal directivity1 does n %[ =? ! ,div9e ,p]sonality z indwell+4 ,z soon z we grasp ?is obvi\s tru?1 we %all be l$ to f9d ! answ] to t "q :i*1 z we saw1 pres5ts a /umbl+-block to _m m9ds1 namely1 9 :at s5se x is p]missible to affirm ! ,div9e imman5ce 9 ! animal _w4 ,h[ c ,god be 9 ! d5iz5s ( ! jungle1 we ask1 feel+ t to make su* an /atem5t conc]n+ ,him is to empty ! idea ( ,god ( all its mean+4 ,natural1 h[ev]1 z su* reason+ is1 reflection w %[ x to be faulty4 ,to use a simple1 if necess>ily imp]fect1 illu/ration1 some?+ ( man's own be+ is 9 all 8 organs1 b n all t makes him man is 9 e "o ( !m2 c]ta9ly1 8 high] faculties are n display$ 9 ! organs design$ to fulfil ! l[] functions ( ! organism4 ,to proce$ to ! obvi\s application--animals are n moral be+s1 b act1 ) ! occasional exception ( su* ( _! numb] z h be5 humanis$ by contact ) m51 f in/9ct & n f consci\s *oice2 & = t reason we are n call$ ^u to reconcile ! lov+-k9dness & t5d] m]cy ( ,god ) ! habits & g5]al behavi\r ( ! l[] creation4 ,9 ascrib+ all sorts ( moral qualities to animals we simply exhibit ! same #ch t5d5cy :i* leads *ildr5 to end[ lifeless objects bo? ) life & purposiv5ess4 ,moral attributes1 h[ev]1 :e!r good or bad1 presuppose consci\s *oice1 a faculty ( weigh+ & if necess>y repell+ motives2 & ) su* a faculty we h no reason = cr$it+ animals4 ,no d\bt1 our incurable habit ( read+ ! facts ( our own moral nature into ! actions ( bea/s & birds acc\nts = ! vogue alike ( ,aesop's ,fables & ( su* works z ! ,jungle ,books2 b :at /rikes u z cruelty 9 ! tig] is n a moral quality at all1 any m ?an x is a motive ( h]oism t impels ! mongoose to fight cobras4 ,! tig] & ! cobra are no m delib]ately cruel ?an !y c\ld be conceiv$ z delib]ately b5evol5t2 !y are bel[ ! e?ical level1 express+ no "* at all1 & lea/ ( all ! "* ( ,god4 ,b if ,god is imman5t 9 ! cosmos z its p]vad+ & su/a9+ ,p[] & ,life2 if ,he is imman5t 9 man z t moral & spiritual pr9ciple :i* rea*es out aft] full] communion ) ! ,mo/ ,high3 :]e %all we say t ,he ,himself is p]sonally pres5t1 s9ce ,he is n s pres5t ei!r 9 nature or 9 man8 ,& assum+ t su* a supreme & full revelation ( ,god has be5 giv5 9 hi/ory1 %all we n d well to di/+ui% 9 "s mann] betwe5 x & e less] manife/ation ( imman5ce8 ,mr4 ,w4 ,l4 ,walk] has admirably po9t$ out t :ile #ci ,god is p]sonally pres5t to ev]y?+1 & entirely abs5t f no?+1 yet x is c]ta9ly false to imag9e t ,he is p]sonally inside ( ev]y?+4 ,no?+ c happ5 :olly ap>t f ,him--,he is 9 "s measure 9 ev]y?+ & be+2 b :]e %all ,he ,himself be f\nd1 :]e %all we look = ,8 v fulness8 ,he _c1 says ,mr4 ,walk]--& we %all n attempt to bett] 8 words--be p]sonally pres5t 9 any?+1 or 9 any be+1 till !re is a be+ pres5t 9 ! _w capable ( conta9+ & express+ ,him 9 ,8 ess5tial tru?2 & t we d n h till we come to ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,& ?us we may p]haps claim to h %[n1 h[ev] briefly1 9 :at direction we mu/ look = ! solution ( our problem ( univ]sal imman5ce--a problem unnecess>ily complicat$ by a plausible b false con/ruction ( t doctr9e4 ,we conclude t e portion ( ! cosmos1 includ+ our consci\s selves1 manife/s s mu*1 & su* aspects1 ( ,god z x has ! capacity to manife/--,8 ,p[]1 ,8 ,purpose1 ,8 moral ,law1 :i* v9dicates its sanctity ^u :osoev] w\ld violate x2 b ,8 own ,ess5ce1 ,8 ,"*1 c\ld be reveal$ only 9 ,"o ^: s\l h>b\r$ no s+le elem5t at v>iance ) ! ,div9e ,goodness1 ,"o :o c\ld be describ$ z ,god manife/ 9 ! fle%--ev5 t unique ,son ^: on5ess ) ! ,fa!r 0 #dj undimm$ & unbrok5 by any div]sity ( w4 ,x requir$ ! p]fect ,in/rum5t to give =? ! p]fect ,h>mony4 ,& "h a f9al b important po9t arises4 ,if ! ,inc>nation ( ,god 9 ,*ri/ is 9 "o s5se ! highe/ example ( ,div9e imman5ce--j z man repres5ts ! highe/ =m ( animal life--yet 9 ano!r s5se x transc5ds m]e imman5ce j z truly z humanity transc5ds ! animal creation4 ,we leave ?is z a sugge/ion :i* ! read] may develop = himself4 ,s mu* is c]ta91 t 9 ,*ri/ alone does ! edifice ( fai? rea* its culm9at+ po9t--9 ,him our que/ion+s receive _! complete & f9al answ]1 because :at we see 9 ,him is n a /ray h9t or brok5 gleam1 b ! pure & qu5*less light ( ,god's own ,pres5ce4 ,no man ha? se5 ,god at any "t2 ! only begott5 ,son1 :i* is 9 ! bosom ( ! ,fa!r1 ,he ha? decl>$ ,him4 #a ,! ,rev4 ,r4 ,j4 ,campbell1 ,m4,a41 9 a pap] on ,div9e ,imman5ce & ,pan!ism4 ,= ! phrase & ! ,idea ( ! allness ( ,god see also ,rudim5tal ,div9e 7i4e4 ,*ri/ian7 ,sci5ce1 by ,m>y ,bak] ,eddy1 p4 #aj4 #b ,we _c =be> quot+ two pung5t l9es ( ,mr4 ,hami% ,h5dry's1 9 :i* ! outcome ( su* !osophis+ seems to be n altoge!r unju/ly describ$ z-- ,a k9d o' ?[less ,great ,fir/ ,cause1 ,sk9kl9' ?ro' vap\r4 #da ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,pan!ism3 ,,! ,,suicide ,,( ,,religion ,9 speak+ ( ,deism1 ! !ory :i* explicitly d5ies ! ,div9e imman5ce1 we already _h occasion to ackn[l$ge t quality ( intelligibl5ess :i* makes ?is doctr9e easy ( assimilation1 & acc\nts1 e4g41 = ! success ( ,islam1 ! dei/ic religion p> excell5ce1 z a propag&i/ cre$4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 ano!r aspect ( ,deism1 none ! less real because x is n always recognis$ at fir/ sight1 :i* p]haps an illu/ration w s]ve to br+ home to u4 ,we all "k :at is likely to happ5 to an e/ate 9 ! own]'s prolong$ or p]man5t abs5ce--x det]iorates2 8 active int]e/ & p]sonal sup]vision are want+1 & ! results are visible ev]y:]e4 ,slo? & mismanagem5t1 :i* 8 pres5ce w\ld *eck1 g uncorrect$1 ! daily duties are indiff]5tly p]=m$ or rema9 undone1 & soon ! prop]ty z a :ole be>s unmi/akeable traces ( neglect4 ,!re is always ! possibility ( ! ma/]'s return "s day1 :5 he w exact an acc\nt f 8 s]vants2 b #db ! long int]val :i* has elaps$ s9ce su* a visit took place has depriv$ t m]e possibility ( any :olesome t]ror :i* x might inspire1 s t matt]s drift /eadily f bad to worse4 ,n[1 f ! dei/ic po9t ( view1 ! _w may n unfairly be comp>$ to su* an e/ate4 ,god is remote--,he may look d[n ^u ! t]re/rial sc5e f ,8 f>-(f heav51 b ,he does n actively int]f]e1 except by an occasional miracle1 :i* is n ! same z direct h\r-by-h\r sup]9t5d5ce3 is x any wond] t ! gr\nd %\ld br+ =? we$s & brambles r ?an fl[]s & fruit8 ,is x a wond] t ?is ,god-less _w %\ld be a dismal place & full ( mis]y1 & t human nature1 left to itself1 %\ld h no heal? 9 x8 ,x w\ld be matt] = wond] if x 7 o!rwise2 & ?us ,deism is well 9 accord ) ^? gloomi] =ms ( religi\s ?\ght :i* = a long "t 7 ! g5]ally pr$om9at+ ones4 ,! di/ance betwe5 ?is conception & t :i* fl[s f ! doctr9e ( ,div9e imman5ce c h>dly be measur$2 x c]ta9ly _c be bridg$4 ,! s\l to :i*1 ?r\gh :atev] exp]i5ce1 !re has come ! revelation t ,god is clos] to u ?an brea?+1 & ne>] ?an h&s or feet1 looks out ^u a new heav5 & a new e>?4 ,once x is und]/ood t ,god is really & truly 9 ,8 univ]se1 t ,he is n inf9itely f> #dc & inaccessible b inf9itely nigh1 an encompass+ ,pres5ce1 a fre% light falls ^u nature & human nature alike4 ,view$ 9 t light1 & f ! /&po9t ( ?is illum9at+ tru?1 ! _w's no blot = u1 nor blank1 b ! sc5e ( ,div9e activity & unceas+ revelation2 = all nature's =ces are se5 to be ! expression ( ! ,div9e ,en]gy1 & all nature's laws ! manife/ation ( ! ,div9e ,w4 ,if ,god ,himself is ! ,life t /irs )9 all life1 ! ,reality und]ly+ all ph5om5a--if we live & move & h our be+ 9 ,him1 & ,8 ,_s dwelle? )9 u--! direct outcome ( su* a belief %\ld be a sacr$ optimism1 an assurance t ! cosmos means int5sely1 & means good4 ,!re c1 we ?9k1 be little d\bt z to ! b5eficial effects :i* h accompani$ ! re-affirmation ( ?is idea 9 rec5t times4 ,x is only too true z yet1 9 ! case ( _m1 t ! pa/1 :i* /ill holds its gr\nd 9 ! back *amb]s ( ! bra91 w\ld p]suade u t 'tis a demon-haunt$ _w1 :]e n ,god b ! devil rules2 we are n yet p]suad$ t ?is is a *e]ful1 homely1 well-mean+ univ]se1 ^: p[]s1 if /rict 9 _! work+1 are nev]!less b5efic5t & n diabolic4 ,aga9/ ^! phantasmal fe>s ! doctr9e ( ,god's imman5ce1 rightly und]/ood1 (f]s ! be/ ( antidotes1 & "h lies its unque/ionable value4 ,at ! same "t x has already become app>5t #dd to u t ! sudd5ness ( ! /ress laid ^u t idea has br\ght new dang]s 9 its tra94 ,! temptation is ev] to sw+ r\nd f "o extreme to its opposite2 & 9 ! pres5t case n a few h c>ri$--or be5 c>ri$ by--! reaction aga9/ ! belief 9 ,god's remot5ess s f> z to =get1 9 contemplat+ ! tru? t ,he is ?r\gh all & 9 all1 ! complem5t>y & equally necess>y tru? t ,he is also ,god ov] all4 ,because some?+ ( ,8 ,m9d & ,w is express$ by ! univ]se1 !y n only1 z we saw 9 ! previ\s *apt]1 conclude t ! univ]se is id5tical ) ,him1 b t ,he is no o!r ?an ! univ]se :i* reveals ,him4 ,all is ,god1 & ,god is ,all1 !y exclaim1 add+ ! doctr9e ( ! ,godness ( all to t ( ! allness ( ,god2 ! univ]se1 9 _! view1 is ! "o ,div9e & ,et]nal ,be+ ( :i* ev]y?+1 includ+ ourselves1 is only a phase or p>tial manife/ation2 z x is ! ,div9e life :i* pulses ?r\gh u1 s x is ! ,div9e consci\sness :i* our consci\sness expresses1 ! ,div9e nature :i* acts ?r\gh ours4 ,"h we are face to face ) ,pan!ism full-gr[n3 let u see :at is involv$ 9 its assumptions1 & :y ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* mu/ resolutely refuse to make t]ms ) ?is tea*+4 ,no "o w\ld d5y t ! pan!i/ic !ory1 :i* id5tifies ,god ) ! univ]se & ourselves ) ,god1 has its fasc9ation & #de glam\r--a fasc9ation :i* is n ignoble on ! face ( x4 ,! mod]n f\nd] ( ,pan!ism1 ,b5$ict ,sp9oza1 0 a man ( pure & sa9tly "*1 a g5tle recluse f ! _w1 lovable & blameless4 ,nev]!less1 we h no hesitation 9 av[+ our belief t ! glam\r ( ,pan!ism is utt]ly deceptive2 t ^? :o set foot on ?is incl9$ plane w f9d !mselves unable--9 direct proportion to _! m5tal integrity--to resi/ conclusions :i* mean ! practical dissolution ( religion1 9 any intelligible s5se ( t ^w2 & t 9 ! pres5t transitional /ate ( religi\s op9ion x is p>ticul>ly necess>y t ! tru? ab\t ,pan!ism %\ld be cle>ly /at$4 ,! te/ ( a !ory is n :e!r x looks symmetrical & self-consi/5t 9 ! seclusion ( ! /udy1 b :e!r x works4 ,if x fails 9 actual life1 x fails altoge!r2 & ! "o fatal objection to ?is p>ticul> sy/em is t x does n "w4 ,no?+ c\ld be m significant ?an ! admission ( s repres5tative an expon5t ( ,pan!ism z ,mr4 ,allanson ,picton1 :o tells u t "o1 if n m1 ( ,sp9oza's fundam5tal conceptions h increas+ly repell$ r ?an attract$ religi\s p4 #a ,x is ! object ( ! pres5t *apt] to %[ :y ?is mu/ be ! case1 :]ev] ! implications ( 8 tea*+ are und]/ood4 #df ,pan!ism decl>es--x practically beg9s & ends ) ! decl>ation--t ! univ]se is ,god1 & t ,god is ! totality ( be+4 ,n[1 try z we w1 su* a conception c nev] take ! place ( ! ?\ght ( ,god z our ,fa!r1 & t = ! simple reason t ! univ]se is n ev5 :at we mean by p]sonal4 ,z ,s*op5hau] %rewdly rem>k$1 ,to call ! univ]se ',god' is n to expla9 x1 b m]ely to burd5 language ) a sup]flu\s synonym = ! ^w 'univ]se4' ,:e!r "o says '! univ]se is ,god' or '! univ]se is ! univ]se' makes no diff]5ce4 ,x is :5 p no long] "k :at to d ) a ,deity1 he cont9ues1 t !y transf] ,8 "p to ! univ]se--:i* is1 prop]ly speak+1 only a dec5t way ( gett+ rid ( ,him4 #b ,a totality ( be+ is n ! same z a p]sonal ,god1 b ! v contr>y4 ,nor is x any consolation to be told t ?is totality1 ?\gh n p]sonal1 is sup]-p]sonal4 ,su* a sup]-p]sonal ,absolute or ,:ole1 to quote ,dr4 ,ball>d's p5etrat+ criticism1 is devoid ( j ^? elem5ts :i* = human exp]i5ce con/itute p]sonality4 ,to our p[] ( vision x matt]s no?+ :e!r we say t ! ultra-violet rays ( ! spectrum are sup]-visible or invisible4 ,! p]t95t tru? is t !y are n visible4 ,s1 too1 t :i* is n 'm]ely' p]sonal is n really p]sonal4 #dg ,if ! ,absolute ( philosophy be ! sup]-p]sonal1 x is n1 9 pla9 tru?1 p]sonal at all4 #c ,n[1 a ,god :o is n :at we mean by p]sonal c be ( no help to u 9 our religi\s life4 ,:5 a congregation ( mod]n wor%ipp]s is appeal$ to 9 ^! t]ms--,d n1 ,i besee* y1 ?9k ( ,god any m z a p]sonal be+ l y\rself1 ?\gh immeasurably great]--!y are really be+ ask$ to commit spiritual suicide4 ,= we _c hold communion except ) a p]son2 we _c pray to ! univ]se4 ,we c nei!r give ?anks to ! univ]se1 nor supplicate x1 nor confess to x1 nor int]c$e ) x4 ,b a ,god to :om we _c pray1 ) :om we _c ent] into communion1 is = all practical purposes no ,god at all4 ,! only ,god ) :om we c /& 9 p]sonal1 consci\s1 spiritual relation%ip mu/ be "o :o is n id5tical ) ! univ]se1 b ,"o 9 :om1 on ! contr>y1 ! univ]se has its be+4 ,x is ! transc5d5t ,god ) :om we h to deal 9 religion2 su* a ,god ,pan!ism does n ackn[l$ge4 ,b n only is ! univ]se n p]sonal2 ?is god ( ,pan!ism is n e?ical ei!r4 ,?is totality is nei!r good nor bad1 b made up indiff]5tly ( all mann] ( compon5ts1 & accord+ to ,pan!ism all ( !m--! evil z mu* z ! good--are #dh necess>y to ! p]fection ( ! :ole4 ,?us ! pan!i/'s god has no moral complexion1 & su* a god is ( no use to u4 ,s f> z religion is conc]n$1 he--or x--might j z well be non-exi/5t z non-moral4 ,! only ,deity :om we c wor%ip is ,"o :o /&s above ! _w's confusion1 its ,moral ,gov]nor & ,righte\s ,judge4 ,b ,pan!ism id5tifies n only ,god ) ! univ]se1 b ourselves ) ,god4 ,n[ if ?is view is accept$1 if !re is no real divid+ l9e betwe5 man & ,god1 !n we c only once m po9t out t we h no p]sonality ei!r2 we are m]e fragm5t>y expressions ( ,god's life1 )\t selfhood or self-det]m9ation1 no m responsible = our acts ?an a viol9 = ! tune t is play$ on x4 ,mr4 ,picton1 speak+ ) au?ority1 tells u t to ! true pan!i/ man is b a f9ite mode ( inf9ite ,be+2 t human p]sonality is only seem+ #d & t1 f ! pan!i/ic /&po9t1 ! self mu/ be cont5t to be no?+4 ,t is to say t ! consi/5t pan!i/ mu/ be a consi/5t det]m9i/4 ,logical ,pan!ism rules out ! possibility ( s9 aga9/ man or ,god--= :o )/&e? ,8 w1 see+ t ,he is ! only real ,exi/5ce8 ,let a fur!r quotation make ?is pla94 ,:at1 asks ,mr4 ,picton1 are we to say ( bad m51 ! vile1 ! base1 ! li>1 ! murd]]8 ,are !y #di also 9 ,god & ( ,god8 4 4 4 ,yes1 !y are4 #e ,& ?is amaz+ conclusion--amaz+1 ?\gh involv$ 9 8 fundam5tal outlook--is s\ght to be def5d$ on ! gr\nd t we h no adequate idea ( ! "p play$ by bad m5 9 ! ,div9e ,:ole6 ,9 o!r words1 ! pan!i/ god expresses himself 9 a ,/4 ,francis1 b he also does s 9 a ,k+ ,leopold2 he is manife/$ 9 ,g5]al ,boo? & 9 ,alex&] ,borgia2 ,jesus ,*ri/ is a phase ( 8 be+1 & s is ,judas ,isc>iot4 ,a s5tim5tal ,pan!ism may say t ,god is t 9 a h]o :i* n]ves him to h]oism1 & t 9 a "m :i* prompts h] self-sacrifice = h] *ildr51 = !re is none else4 ,b t is only "o-half ( ! tru?2 argu+ f ! same premises1 we mu/ also say t ,god is t 9 ! s9n] :i* succumbs to s91 & 9 ! wrong-do] t :i* takes pleasure 9 wrong1 = !re is none else4 ,once we rub out ! di/9ction betwe5 ,god & man1 we rub out all moral di/9ctions z well4 ,if we are n o!r ?an ,he is1 h[ c we act o!r ?an ,he wills8 ,if we hold t ! s\l is only a f9ite mode ( ,god's inf9ite attribute ( ?\ght1 "p ( ! necess>y expression ( ! inf9ite attributes ( et]nal ,be+1 ! s5se ( s9 c be no m ?an an illusion4 ,or %all we be told t1 :atev] a man's !oretical ,det]m9ism1 9 practice he w #ej always be consci\s ( 8 fre$om8 ,! answ] is1 ,yes1 p]haps1 provid$ 8 moral in/9cts are s\nd2 b ! av]age mortal1 :5 he has to *oose betwe5 ! h>d duty & ! easy indulg5ce1 w be sorely tempt$ to f9d a reason = yield+ 9 8 det]m9i/ philosophy4 ,& is a doctr9e likely to be true :i*1 ! mom5t x is s]i\sly appli$1 und]m9es ! v f\ndation ( morality1 & ( :i* ! be/ t c be said is t p d n consi/5tly apply x8 ,m4 ,b\rget's ,le ,disciple is n a book = ev]yone2 b 9 x ! di/+ui%$ au?or has drawn an in/ructive picture ( ! effect ( ,det]m9ism z a !ory ^u a self-indulg5t man's practice4 ,z ,mr4 ,b>+-,g\ld aptly says1 ,human nature is ev] prone to f9d an excuse = gett+ ! %\ld] f "u ! yoke4 ,pan!ism1 z a matt] ( fact1 :i*ev] way we travel1 is ultimately compell$ to d5y ! qualitative di/9ction betwe5 good & evil1 decl>+ bo? to be equally necess>y1 & ?us arrives once m at its conception ( a ,deity :o1 ?\gh said to be p]fect--presumably 9 "s sup]-moral s5se--is n good1 & h5ce _c be a possible object ( wor%ip = u4 ,h[ little ! pan!i/'s ,god c mean to u w be und]/ood :5 x is /at$ t1 accord+ to ,sp9oza1 man _c /rive to h ,god's love to him4 #f ,inde$1 h[ c\ld ! univ]se love "o ( #ea its m]e pass+ phases8 ,is x a wond] t ?is *e]less cre$ has increas+ly repell$ r ?an attract$ religi\s p :5 once !y h und]/ood its inw>dness8 ,we ask = bread & receive--a nebula2 we call = our ,fa!r1 & are told to cont5t ourselves ) a totality ( be+6 ,& :5 ,pan!ism has ?us despoil$ u ( our religi\s possessions "o by "o1 s f> z ?is life is conc]n$1 :at is its message conc]n+ ! future8 ,?is1 t :5 we die !re is an end ev5 ( our seem+ self-hood2 we are once m imm]s$ 9 ! ,all1 ! ,:ole--l a ?imbleful ( wat] drawn f ! ocean & p\r$ back into ! ocean aga94 ,?is is :at ,mr4 ,picton calls ! peace ( absorption 9 ! ,inf9ite2 w\ld x n be simpl] to call x annihilation1 & h done ) x8 ,dissolve a bronze /atue & m]ge x 9 a mass ( molt5 metal1 & x is gone z a /atue2 dissolve a s\l & m]ge x 9 ! sum ( be+1 & z a s\l x is no m4 ,t is n immortality1 b a f9al blott+ out--a fit conclusion f ^? pan!i/ic premises :i*1 consi/5tly work$ out1 mean ! end ( religion1 ! end ( morality1 ! end ( ev]y?+4 ,pan!ism goes ab\t "u a v>iety ( aliases to-day1 & !re9 lies an additional dang]2 = :atev] its assum$ "n or disguise1 its ess5ce is always ! same1 & its v speci\sness calls = all our vigilance & #eb det]m9ation to fight x4 ,we mu/ n we>y ( *all5g+ its root-assumption1 or ( expos+ its insidi\s t5d5cies2 we mu/ n we>y ( reit]at+ ! tru? t ,god is n id5tical ) ! univ]se1 b to be wor%ipp$ z ! ,"o :o is ov] all2 we mu/ insi/ t ,8 ne>ness to u & our lik5ess to ,him are n id5tity ) ,him--nay1 t x is ,8 o!rness f u :i* makes u capable ( seek+ & f9d+ ,him1 ( exp]i5c+ ,8 love1 & lov+ ,him 9 return4 ,f ! inhuman speculations ( ,pan!ism we turn ) unspeakable gratitude to ! revelation ( ! p]sonal ,god 9 ! ,p]son ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ,8 ,son1 :om hav+ se51 we h beheld ! ,fa!r1 & ^: are ! words1 n ( annihilation1 b ( et]nal life4 #a ,pan!ism1 p4 #ae4 #b ,p>]ga1 vol4 ii41 pp4 #aja-ajb4 #c ,! ,true ,god1 p4 #aah4 #d ,op4 cit41 p4 #ae4 #e ,ibid1 p4 #fi4 #f ,j4 ,allanson ,picton1 ,sp9oza1 p4 #bac4 #ec ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,! ,,e?ics ,,( ,,monism ,to say t religi\s ?\ght is pass+ to-day ?r\gh a p]iod ( peculi> /ress is to utt] a commonplace s ?readb>e t "o apologises = repeat+ x4 ,ev5 ! man 9 ! /reet--or p]haps we ought to say ev5 ! man 9 ! pew1 ! av]age memb] ( a ,*ri/ian ,*ur*--is aw>e t c]ta9 pot5t =ces h be5 = "s "t pa/ direct+ a s]ies ( su/a9$ assaults ^u :at 7 until rec5tly all b unque/ion$ beliefs2 nor1 if he is capable ( appreciat+ facts1 w he d5y--?\gh he may deplore x--t to all seem+ ^! attacks h be5 att5d$ by a consid]able measure ( success4 ,if1 h[ev]1 our man 9 ! pew 7 ask$ to specify :at =ces he _h 9 8 m9d1 he w\ld probably 9 n9e cases out ( t5 po9t to two su*1 & two alone1 viz41 natural sci5ce & ,biblical criticism1 :i*1 he w\ld tell u1 _h betwe5 !m creat$ an atmosph]e 9 :i* ! old views ( ,scriptural au?ority f\nd x m & m difficult to ma9ta9 !mselves4 #ed ,su* an e/imate ( ! situation w\ld be true s f> z x w5t2 yet x w\ld omit to take acc\nt ( a ?ird factor1 a solv5t f> less obvi\s 9 its work+s1 b f> m dis9tegrat+ 9 its effects4 ,! factor to :i* we are ref]r+ is philosophy2 :ile sci5ce & criticism h ov]?r[n c]ta9 traditional ramp>ts1 a type ( philosophy has sprung up1 sl[ly und]m9+ ! v f\ndations2 or1 to v>y ! simile1 :ile ! =m] two h captur$ c]ta9 outworks1 ! latt] has made its way to )9 /rik+ di/ance ( ! citadel1 & t ! m unobs]v$ because att5tion has be5 focuss$ almo/ exclusively ^u ! m impos+ p]=mances ( ! critic & ! biologi/4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 religion nev] _h1 nor c\ld h1 any?+ to fe> f ^! two qu>t]s1 :i*--z we c n[ see--c\ld n 9 any way t\* ! ess5ce ( religi\s fai?1 z di/+ui%$ f "s ( its tempor>y =ms2 on ! o!r h&1 t v ess5ce might be imp]ill$ by a false b plausible philosophy1 & grave practical consequ5ces 9 ! doma9 ( conduct might arise f its spread4 ,= if x is accurate to say t beh9d e e?ic !re /&s--:e!r av[$ or unav[$--a c]ta9 metaphysic1 ! conv]se holds true no less2 e philosophy1 9 ! exact proportion 9 :i* x is ex animo accept$1 w t5d to produce its e?ical c\nt]p>t4 ,:at we #ee submit 9 all s]i\sness is t ! only real dang] to religion t is to be appreh5d$ to-day--a dang] to :i* x is impossible to bl9d ourselves--is t involv$ 9 a c]ta9 metaphysical outlook1 ^: cont9u$ gr[? 9 popul>ity _c b ere long produce its own results 9 ! field ( practice4 ,! philosophy 9 "q is intimately relat$ to t ,pan!ism at "s ( ^: implications we 7 glanc+ 9 our la/ *apt]2 if we ref] to x "h & subsequ5tly by ! "n ( ,monism1 "u :i* x has ( late obta9$ a consid]able vogue 9 ?is c\ntry1 x mu/ be und]/ood t we d n mean :at ,dr4 ,ball>d calls ,!omonism1 b a f> less c>efully ?\ght-out & te/$ !ory ( life1 :i* at ! pres5t "t is mak+ a successful appeal to multitudes ( inexact ?9k]s4 ,! fundam5tal idea common to ?is s*ool is t ! univ]se1 includ+ our individualities or :at we ?9k su*1 con/itutes only "o be+1 & manife/s only "o w1 :i* all its ph5om5a express4 ,sep>at5ess ( exi/5ce1 accord+ to su* a view--:i*1 aft] all1 repres5ts only ! extreme logic ( ,pan!ism--is1 ( c\rse1 a *ima]a1 & s1 a =tiori1 mu/ sep>ate volition be4 ,! only real w--i4e41 ! w ( ! univ]se--is reg>d$ z good & "r2 & s9ce !re is no o!r w b t "o1 & see+ t none resi/s or inhibits x1 x is ev] be+ c>ri$ out1 cont9u\sly op]ative4 #ef ,to call ?is w ev5 prevail+ w\ld be a misuse ( language1 s9ce !re is no o!r w = x to prevail aga9/4 ,n[1 reg>d$ m]ely 9 ! ab/ract1 ?is conception might be treat$ z a h>mless ecc5tricity or speculative ab]ration1 & is likely to be s treat$ by ! ord9>y practical man1 ) 8 contempt = !ories1 & 8 pa!tic conviction t speculation does n matt]2 let u1 h[ev]1 see :at is impli$ 9 ?is p>ticul> speculative !ory4 ,f ! prim>y assumption ( ?is philosophy x foll[s ) an irresi/ible cog5cy t !re is no su* ?+ z real1 objective evil4 ,s91 if ! t]m be reta9$ at all1 c at mo/ be only a blund]4 ,evil is only an inexact description ( a less] good1 or good 9 ! mak+4 ,inde$1 prop]ly consid]$--i4e41 f ! moni/ic /&po9t--evil is a m]e negation1 a %ad[ :]e light %\ld be2 or to be q logical1 evil is t :i* is n--9 o!r words1 !re is no evil1 except to delud$ m9ds1 ^: bus9ess is to get quit ( _! delusion4 ,! "o & only cosmic w be+ decl>$ good1 x foll[s t = ! moni/ all's "r ) ! _w1 9 a s5se sc>cely contemplat$ by ,br[n+ :5 he p5n$ t mo/ dubi\s aphorism4 ,we propose briefly to %[ h[ ?is cre$ works out--:at is its e?ical c\nt]p>t or issue--n by argu+ 9 vacuo :at x mu/ be1 b by pres5t+ to ! read] ?ree #eg select$ illu/rations tak5 f ! writ+s ( z _m expon5ts ( ?is type ( ,monism4 ,9 8 volume ,fir/ & ,la/ ,?+s--a "w :i* he significantly calls a confession ( fai? & rule ( life--,mr4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells av[s himself a believ] 9 ! ,be+ ( ! ,species1 &1 prospectively at lea/1 9 ! et]nally consci\s ,be+ ( all ?+s4 ,! individual z su* is m]ely an exp]im5t ( ! species = ! species1 & )\t significance p] se2 we are episodes 9 an exp]i5ce great] ?an ourselves1 incid5tal exp]im5ts 9 ! gr[+ k & consci\sness ( ! race4 ,mr4 ,wells's fundam5tal act ( fai? is a firm belief 9 ! ultimate rightness & significance ( ?+s1 includ+ ! :eel-sma%$ frog on ! road1 & ! fly dr[n+ 9 ! milk4 ,9 o!r words1 all is j z x has to be2 regrets1 remorses & discont5ts exi/ only = ! unbeliev] 9 ?is tru?1 :ile1 speak+ = himself1 ! au?or frankly says1 ,i believe 4 4 4 t my defects & ugl9esses & failures1 j z mu* z my p[]s & successes1 are ?+s t are necess>y & important4 ,9 ! la/ resort1 he concludes 8 book1 ,i d n c>e :e!r ,i am seat$ on a ?rone1 or drunk1 or dy+ 9 a gutt]4 ,i foll[ my lead+4 ,9 ! ultimate ,i "k1 ?\gh ,i _c prove my k 9 any way :atev]1 t ev]y?+ is "r1 & all ?+s m9e4 #eh ,c]ta9ly1 ?is is uncompromis+ c&\r2 b x is also1--?\gh ,mr4 ,wells1 /rangely en\gh1 calls himself a believ] 9 freewill--! mo/ uncompromis+ ,det]m9ism conceivable4 ,& ?is ,det]m9ism foll[s q inevitably f ,mr4 ,wells's moni/ic premises--belief 9 a cosmic s*eme e "p ( :i* is ultimately "r4 ,an end 9 ! gutt] or on ! gall[s may be z necess>y to t s*eme's p]fection z a life sp5t 9 /r5u\s goodness4 ,:atev] is1 is "r4 ,x c be h>dly necess>y to po9t out t su* a belief1 consi/5tly ent]ta9$1 puts an end to all moral ef=t2 we foll[ our lead+--i4e41 we d n drive1 b drift4 ,argu+ f 8 own premises1 x is absolutely va9 = ,mr4 ,wells to wax indignantly eloqu5t ov] social abuses1 z :5 he says3-- ,i see ! grimy millions :o slave = indu/rial production2 ,i see "s :o are extravagant & yet contemptible creatures ( luxury1 & "s lead+ lives ( %ame & indignity2 4 4 4 ,i see gambl]s1 fools1 brutes1 toil]s1 m>tyrs4 ,_! disord] ( ef=t1 ! spectacle ( futility1 fills me ) a passionate desire to end wa/e1 to create ord]4 7p4 #ii47 ,b :y1 we ask1 %\ld ,mr4 ,wells feel ?is passionate desire1 if all ! failures & ugl9esses ( life are necess>y & important8 ,h[1 on ?is assumption1 are exi/+ social ills to be rem$i$--nay1 :y %\ld !y be rem$i$1 :y %\ld !y be /igmatis$ z ills1 see+ t ev]y?+ is "r8 ,let #ei ,mr4 ,wells once take 8 pr9ciples s]i\sly en\gh to apply !m1 & p]sonal z well z social re=m is at an end4 ,p]haps x may be p]missible to say t ( all =ms ( ,det]m9ism ! mo/ irrational is t optimi/ic =m :i* deprecates discont5t ) ?+s z !y are z a m>k ( unbelief4 ,mr4 ,wells1 h[ev]1 :ile 8 influ5ce is a v consid]able "o1 utt]s 8 tea*+ f outside ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 & v prop]ly disav[s ! ,*ri/ian "n2 :at mu/ give u pause is to f9d ! moni/ic e?ics be+ prea*$ & taught by (ficial expon5ts ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,:at1 e4g41 c we ?9k ( a /atem5t l ! foll[+1 :i* we quote f ! columns ( a religi\s j\rnal8 ,!re are p :o ?9k x is an evid5ce ( sup]ior ,culture to %[ !mselves pa9$ by c]ta9 ?+s2 b x is n really t2 !y are pa9$ because !y are n cultur$ en\gh1 or 9 ! "r way4 4 4 ,no?+ is good or ill ,b ?9k+ makes x s4 ,!y ?9k x desirable to dislike ?+s because !y dislike !m2 if !y ?\ght x desirable n to dislike !m1 !y w\ld n dislike !m4 ,aga91 no "o w accuse ?is writ] ( want ( frankness2 accord+ to him1 !re is simply no su* ?+ z objective evil--acts & individuals h no moral qualities or *>act]s1 b are su* z we ?9k !m1 & our bus9ess is s to ?9k ( !m t !y w n pa9 u4 #fj ,if we only knew aright1 we %\ld n reg>d any?+ z bad4 ,if we are pa9$ by ! ?\ght ( fifty ?\s& hungry *ildr5 9 ,london elem5t>y s*ools1 or by ! condition ( ,reg5t ,/reet at night1 x is because we are n cultur$ en\gh--we h n ! "r gnosis4 ,:5 we reflect t anyone :o consi/5tly believes t no?+ is good or ill1 b ?9k+ makes x s1 w inevitably1 fir/ or la/1 apply t com=t+ maxim to 8 own acts1 we c see 9 :at direction ! e?ics ( ,monism--9 reality a return to ! ultra-subjectivism ( ! ,sophi/s1 :o made man ! measure ( all ?+s--are likely to lead m54 ,& yet1 if ! moni/ic presuppositions are valid--if ! univ]se 9 all its phases expresses only "o w--we d n see h[ ^! conclusions c be repell$4 ,b x is1 p]haps1 our la/ illu/ration1 drawn f yet ano!r writ] ( ! same s*ool1 :i* w exhibit bo? ! tea*+ "u discussion & its practical dang]s 9 ! cle>e/ light4 ,we are told t-- ,!re is no w t is n ,god's w4 ,i d n mean t y\rs is n real1 or t any man's is n real1 b ,i d mean t no?+ c happ5 to any ( ,god's *ildr5--no matt] h[ evil ! int5tion ( ! p]son :o does x1 or h[ seem+ly mean+less ! calamity t causes x--:i* is n 9 "s way ! sacram5t ( ,god's love to u1 & ,8 call ^u our highe/ en]gies4 ,9 a true & real s5se1 !re=e1 x is ,god's own do+ & meant = our great] glory2 4 4 4 ,i believe 9 ! inf9itude ( wisdom & love2 !re is no?+ else4 #fa ,^? :o w take ! mod]ate tr\ble ( translat+ ^! words f ! ab/ract into ! concrete w ne$ no fur!r demon/ration ( ! moral implications ( ?is type ( ,monism4 ,!re is no w--n ev5 ! mo/ brutalis$ or ! mo/ debau*$--t is n ,god's w4 ,no?+ c happ5 to any ( ,god's *ildr5--say1 to ! natives ( ! ,congo or to a ,jewi% community dur+ a ,russian pogrom--b is ,god's call ^u _! highe/ en]gies3 :]e=e !y ought1 assur$ly1 to be ?ankful to ,k+ ,leopold's emiss>ies & ! ,ts>'s fai?ful ,black ,hundr$s6 ,b let u apply ?is !sis to yet ano!r case1 :i* w br+ out its full "*3 if an ,engli% girl--"o ( ,god's *ildr5--is sn>$ away by a ruffian1 "u pretext ( hone/ employm5t1 to "s ,cont95tal hell1 !n we are to und]/& t ! physical & moral ru9 :i* awaits ! victim is 9 "s way ! sacram5t ( ,god's love to h]--9 a true & real s5se x is ,god's own do+1 & meant = h] great] glory6 ,we h no hesitation 9 say+ t su* tea*+ /rikes u z fraught ) inf9ite possibilities ( moral h>m1 ! m s because ( ! r mawki% s5tim5tality ) :i* x is deck$ out2 = if any sc\ndrel is really ! in/rum5t ( ,god's w1 :y %\ld he be blam$ = 8 sc\ndrelism8 ,& we obs]ve h[ yet once m1 by a glib & vapid phrase--,i believe 9 ! #fb inf9itude ( wisdom & love2 !re is no?+ else--! fact ( evil has be5 triumphantly got rid (4 ,9 words1 t is to say1 b n 9 reality2 = 9 reality !re is a great deal else--s91 & %ame1 & remorse1 & he>tbreak1 & despair2 aga9/ ! fir/ ( :i* we ne$ to be w>n$1 9 ord] t we may escape ! re/4 ,we are q prep>$ to be told t our anxieties are gr\ndless1 because no "o w ev] draw su* inf]5ces z ^!4 ,to ?is we reply1 fir/ly1 t ^! are ! logical & legitimate inf]5ces f ! pr9ciples enunciat$2 & secondly1 t we d n at all %>e ! p>ticul> k9d ( optimism :i* tru/s t good luck w prev5t ! application ( ^! !ories to practical life4 ,we are liv+ 9 an age ( wide-spread intellectual unsettlem5t1 an age pres5t+ ! difficult problem ( a va/ half-educat$ public1 ready to fall an easy prey to all mann] ( speci\s sophi/ries1 especially :5 !y are dress$ up 9 ! g>b ( a pseudo-my/icism2 we mu/ above all rememb] t human nature is habitually prone to welcome :atev] w s]ve z an excuse = ?r[+ (f ! irksome re/ra9ts ( moral discipl9e4 ,t is :y we repeat t ! "o real dang] religion has to face to-day is ! dang] aris+ f ! spread ( a false philosophy1 ^: t5ets are ultimately incompatible ) ,*ri/ian morals4 ,! wor/ h]esies are moral #fc h]esies2 & ( ! views we h be5 discuss+ we say r\ndly t _! fals5ess is suffici5tly prov$ by _! e?ical implications4 ,a good tree _c br+ =? evil fruit2 !re=e by _! fruits ye %all "k !m4 ,aga9/ all ! insidi\s attempts t are made to-day to m9imise or expla9 away moral evil--attempts ) :i* we %all deal 9 great] detail at a lat] /age--we h to reaffirm ! reality & exce$+ s9fulness ( s92 m p>ticul>ly1 9 combat+ ! prepo/]\s notion ( man's on5ess ) ,god z some?+ already realis$1 we h to insi/ ) r5ew$ emphasis t salvation1 s f> f be+ self-und]/ood1 is a prize only to be won by a h>d /ruggle1 nor %ut ! door ^u ! dread possibility ( t prize be+ miss$4 ,!re are p]haps few tru?s to :i* x is m desirable t we %\ld pay r5ew$ att5tion ?an t express$ 9 ! say+1 ,:5 belief waxes uns\nd1 practice becomes unc]ta94 ,c]ta9ly1 ! e?ics ( ,monism supply a case 9 po9t4 #fd ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,monism ,,& ,,! ,,individual ,:5 ,t5nyson1 9 ,locksley ,hall1 wrote ! l9e decl>+ t ! individual )]s & ! _w is m & m1 he might h be5 indit+ a prophecy summ+ up ^? mod]n t5d5cies :i* h engag$ our att5tion 9 prec$+ *apt]s4 ,& !re are p]haps few m important que/ions be=e u to-day ?an ?is--:e!r ,t5nyson's prophecy is to be fulfill$1 :e!r ! individual is to be all[$ to )]1 & ! _w to become m & m4 ,!re are ^? :o hold t su* a consummation is dev\tly to be wi%$2 !re are ^? :o reg>d any movem5t mak+ 9 su* a direction ) some?+ m ?an suspicion4 ,let u say at once t 9 discuss+ ! /atus ( ! individual1 we are n ref]r+--at lea/1 n directly--to ! /ruggle betwe5 ,individualism & ,socialism4 ,we "k t individuali/s express ! fe> t "u a sociali/ rgime !re w\ld be an end to individual initiative1 :ile sociali/s retort t ! *ief s9 ( ! competitive sy/em is #fe t x cru%es & de/roys individuality2 b betwe5 ! cont5tions ( ^! rival s*ools ( economics we are n attempt+ to adjudicate4 ,p]haps we _c bett] indicate ! scope ( our subject ?an by quot+ f two rec5t !ological works1 writt5 f su* widely diff]+ po9ts ( view z ,pr(essor ,peake's ,*ri/ianity3 ,its ,nature & its ,tru?1 & ,pr(essor ,b\sset's ,! ,fai? ( a ,mod]n ,prote/ant3-- ,x is only 9 x--viz41 9 ,*ri/ianity--says ! le>n$ ,primitive ,me?odi/ !ologian1 t ! individual has receiv$ 8 true place4 ,9 antiquity ! wor? ( ! individual 0 greatly "u-e/imat$2 he 0 unduly subord9at$ to ! community4 ,b ! ,*ri/ian religion1 by insi/+ on ! inf9ite value ( ea* human s\l1 & by ass]t+ ! greatness ( its de/9y1 suppli$ an imm5se inc5tive to ! atta9m5t by ea* ( ! highe/ )9 rea*4 ,! doctr9e ( ! wor? ( man is1 to all :o accept x1 a p[]ful /imulus 9 ! /ruggle to a full] & deep] life4 ,an int]e/ 9 mank9d 9 ! mass is compatible ) he>tless indiff]5ce to ! lot ( individuals 7p4 #hh74 ,! ,gospel1 decl>es ! ,gtt+5 mod]ni/1 ann\nces a ,god :o seeks & desires above all else ! individual human s\l4 ,x unites1 9 a security & clos5ess hi!rto unkn[n1 belief 9 ,god ) ! importance ( ! individual human life4 ,x #ff is ! religion ( religi\s individualism rais$ to its highe/ po9t4 7p4 #cf74 ,su* concurr5ce ( te/imony f two su* diff]5t qu>t]s is z rem>kable z x is significant2 & ?is br+s u to our po9t4 ,! "q ) :i* we are confront$ to-day1 & :i* our civilisation mu/ ei!r answ] aright or p]i%1 is n :e!r an individuali/ or a sociali/ /ate w\ld be m conducive to ! individual's self-realisation1 b :e!r ,*ri/ianity is "r or wrong 9 its doctr9e ( ! individual's p>am\nt importance4 ,! issue1 z we %all try to %[1 lies betwe5 ,*ri/ianity on ! "o h& & ,monism on ! o!r4 ,f ! ,*ri/ian po9t ( view ! individual matt]s supremely2 f t ( ,monism ! beg9n+ ( wisdom is t ! individual %\ld recognise & acquiesce 9 8 utt] insignificance4 ,z 9 our la/ *apt] we glanc$ at ! moni/ic e?ics1 s 9 ! pres5t "o we propose to inquire briefly fir/ into ! social & !n into ! religi\s implications ( ?is !ory1 :i* x mu/ be rememb]$ is receiv+ a good deal ( support1 & meet+ ) a l>ge measure ( acceptance j n[4 ,turn+1 !n1 to ! social side fir/ ( all1 no "o1 ( c\rse1 w\ld say t ,socialism z su* 0 moni/ic2 on ! o!r h& x is easy to und]/& ! attraction ( ,socialism = ^? ^: philosophy is ,monism4 ,!y w embrace ! economic tea*+s ( ,collectivism ! m #fg eag]ly 9 exact proportion to _! root-conviction t ! only ?+ t matt]s is ! totality ( ?+s1 :ile ! individual1 p] se1 does n c\nt at all4 ,t is ! conception :i* und]lies ! ,socialism ( a writ] l ,mr4 ,wells1 :o is 9 no?+ m emphatic ?an 9 ass]t+ t ! individual z su* has no value at all4 ,our individualities1 he says1 are b bubbles & clu/]s ( foam ^u ! great /ream ( ! blood ( ! species4 ,! race is ! drama1 & we are ! incid5ts4 ,9 s f> z we are individuals 4 4 4 we are accid5tal1 disconnect$1 )\t significance4 ,& :5 we ask = :at we %\ld /rive & lab\r1 if n = ! good ( individual m5 & wom51 8 answ] is t we ought to "w = ! ,species1 = ! ,race1 = :at he calls a great physical & m5tal be+1 to wit1 ,mank9d4 ,n[ we believe t ?is philosophy1 consi/5tly embrac$1 is utt]ly devoid ( ! dynamic :i* c g5]ate any great social re=m4 ,! smalle/ & =lorne/ actual slum baby appeals to our sympa?y immeasurably m ?an a va/1 dim aggregate ( indi/+ui%able items call$ ! ,race2 = we h actually met ! slum-baby1 & we h nev] met--:at is m1 we %all nev] meet--! ,race4 ,?is t5d5cy to treat ! individual z negligible is z futile z x is inhuman2 9 ! long run x w be f\nd t he :o love? n 8 bro!r :om he ha? se51 _c love #fh ! ,race :i* he ha? n se54 ,no matt] by h[ _m times we multiply no?+1 ! result is /ill--no?+4 ,if ! individuals d n c\nt1 nei!r c ! species :i* is made up ( su* individuals4 ,or1 if ! ,race is ! drama1 & we are ! incid5ts1 x mu/ be obs]v$ t no great & noble drama c be /rung toge!r out ( trivial & unmean+ incid5ts4 ,all ! talk ab\t ,mank9d z ! great] be+1 ! great & gr[+ ,be+ ( ! ,species1 ! et]nally consci\s ,be+ ( all ?+s1 is only ! old1 ?91 unsatisfy+ idolatry ( ,positivism4 ,if we wi% to be social re=m]s 9 e>ne/ we mu/ take c>e ( ! individuals1 & ! race w take c>e ( itself4 ,t ! moni/ic d5ial ( all individual significance %\ld lead to ! d5ial ( a future life is only :at we %\ld expect2 = if man1 z su*1 does n matt]1 :y %\ld he survive8 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! m we c>e = ! individual1 refus+ to reg>d him m]ely z an exp]im5t ( ! species = ! species1 ! m irresi/ibly %all we be impell$ to believe t ?is life is n all4 ,x is ! ine/imable a*ievem5t ( ,*ri/ianity1 by its insi/5ce on ! inf9ite value ( ! s\l1 to h giv5 ! /ronge/ impetus & support to belief 9 p]sonal immortality4 ,t1 h[ev]1 is an aspect ( our subject :i* dem&s1 & w subsequ5tly come up =1 sep>ate treatm5t4 #fi ,:at1 = ! pres5t1 we mu/ yet once m po9t out1 z we did 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 is ?is--t wide z is ! influ5ce ( a non-,*ri/ian writ] l ,mr4 ,wells1 ! dang] ( su* tea*+ is int5sifi$ :5 x is giv5 by ^? :o pr(ess ,*ri/ianity4 ,d\btless1 ,b\sset is "r :5 he po9ts to ! clos] contact betwe5 ,ea/ & ,we/ z "o ( ! causes ( ! gr[? 9 our mid/ ( a type ( religion 9 :i* ! human ego is put on "o side & almo/ r$uc$ to z]o4 ,d\btless1 also1 he is correct 9 say+ ! adh]5ts ( ?is k9d ( religion w be *iefly f\nd 9 circles :]e p d n reg>d religion s]i\sly1 :]e !y desire & accept religion z ae/hetic enjoym5t4 ,nev]!less1 ! evil att5d+ ?is type ( tea*+ is1 to our ?9k+1 great & s]i\s1 design$ to und]m9e selfhood & to set up a species ( dry-rot at ! v c5tre4 ,let u aga9 %[ :at we mean by quot+ f an actual utt]ance3 ,god1 we read1 is suppos$ to be ?9k+ m ab\t u ?an ab\t any?+ else--a r arrogant assumption :5 we come to ?9k ( x1 consid]+ :at specks ( du/ we are amid ^! myriads ( />s & suns :irl+ ?r\gh space l motes 9 a ray ( light--& ! great object ( ,8 solicitude is to get u individually to toe ! m>k ( ,*ri/-lik5ess4 ,if ?is view be ! true "o1 ! writ] w5t on to ask1 :y d que/ions l unemploym5t1 ! ,budget1 #gj ! upris+ ( nationalism 9 ,turkey1 etc41 bulk s l>gely 9 our ?\ght8 ,^! topics1 he says1 h little or no relation to ! "q ( sav+ ! individual s\l1 z commonly und]/ood4 ,h[1 he dem&s1 does ! actual life ( e day fit into t view ( ! s*eme ( ?+s :i* bids u believe t ! sil5t ,god above u is pr9cipally anxi\s ab\t j "o ?+1 ! moral recov]y & +a!r+ ( ^! individual s\ls "o by "o8 ,! answ] is giv5 ) *>act]i/ic confid5ce3 ,x does n fit into x at all2 if ,god be z anxi\s ab\t t z we are assur$ ,he is1 ,he has a que] way ( %[+ x4 ,"h we h a conception ( man & 8 place 9 ! sum ( ?+s fundam5tally at "o ) t ( ,mr4 ,wells1 & z utt]ly irreconcilable ) t ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,n only does ! individual n matt] 9 himself2 he does n ev5 matt] to ,god4 ,! idea ( ! s\l's inf9ite value to ,god is held up to d]ision1 & s is ! idea ( ,god's int]e/ 9 individual "*2 man1 ! atom1 mu/ n ?9k t ! ,creator is specially anxi\s = 8 fate1 & is bidd5 to measure 8 insignificance aga9/ ! va/ness ( ! heav5ly bodies2 & 9 conclusion we are p]tly told t if ,god really c>es ab\t ! individual z su*1 ,he has a que] way ( %[+ x4 ,9 ?is view--! view ( ,monism--x is inde$ true t ! individual )]s1 & ! _w is m & m4 #ga ,we say t ! issue is pla92 x lies betwe5 ,monism & ,*ri/ianity2 if ! "o is true1 ! o!r mu/ be reject$4 ,on :i* side %all we ca/ our v]dict8 ,= a w>n+ example we h only to glance at ! case ( ,buddhism1 9 :i*1 ! value ( human individuality hav+ be5 /eadily l[]$1 ! o!r ma9 factor is religion1 belief 9 ,god1 0 likewise lo/ 7,b\sset74 ,b1 turn+ to a m detail$ exam9ation ( ! /atem5t j quot$1 x is h>dly necess>y to discuss ! a/\nd+ sugge/ion t man mu/ n take himself too s]i\sly by ! side ( ! imm5sities ( suns & />s4 ,su* a view m]ely betrays a spiritual p]ception miles bel[ t ( ! ,psalmi/1 :o saw man1 to all appe>ance a negligible speck1 yet 9 reality made by ! ,almighty little l[] ?an ! angels1 & cr[n$ ) glory & hon\r4 ,nei!r ne$ we combat at l5g? ! /rangely sup]ficial notion t su* que/ions z unemploym5t1 ! ,budget1 etc41 h little or no relation to t ( sav+ ! individual s\l1 z commonly und]/ood4 ,if !y h no relation to t subject1 !y are h>dly wor? consid]+2 b ! fact is t ! regulation ( indu/ry1 ! di/ribution ( weal?--^! & all o!r que/ions d]ive _! importance solely f ! mann] 9 :i* !y affect individual m51 wom5 & *ildr51 fitt+ or unfitt+ !m = ! life t n[ is & t :i* is to come4 ,a good deal might be said ( #gb ! temp] :i* makes fun ( ! idea ( ,god's solicitude to get u individually to toe ! m>k ( ,*ri/-lik5ess2 b we may leave t unhappy phrase to be its own comm5t4 ,! attitude ( ,*ri/ianity to our "q is p]fectly cle>4 ,*ri/ianity1 9 tea*+ ea* fraile/1 poore/ human unit to address ,god z ,fa!r1 affirms 9 unmi/akeable acc5ts ! ,et]nal's p]sonal int]e/ 9 & c>e = ! individual s\l1 & by s do+ ennobles e human life t falls "u ! sway ( ! ,gospel4 ,x is ,*ri/ianity's ma/]-?\ght t to ! ,fa!r f :om all fa!rhood is nam$ ea* "o ( ,8 *ildr5 is p]sonally de>1 & t ,8 desire is = ! salvation ( ea* "o4 ,to ! *eap & ugly sne] t ,god has a que] way ( manife/+ ,8 conc]n = u z individuals1 ! ,*ri/ian consci\sness has its own answ]2 h[1 9 any case1 su* a sne] c\ld come f ! same s\rce f :i* we previ\sly quot$ ! /atem5t t no?+ c happ5 to any ( ,god's *ildr5 :i* is n 9 "s way ! sacram5t ( ,god's love to u1 we d n pr(ess to und]/&4 ,we are n m]e individual organ-/ops1 ea* )\t use or significance ap>t f ! re/1 wait+ = our mutual dissonances to be swall[$ up 9 "s music ( ! :ole1 b memb]s ( a family1 ea* ) a place 9 ! ,p>5t's he>t & ?\ght4 ,f9ally1 to ! ,*ri/ian !re is "o la/1 #gc cr[n+ pro( ( ! s\l's value = ,god1 & ,god's ye>n+ = ! s\l2 t pro( is ,calv>y4 ,to ! ,*ri/ian !re is "o exp]i5ce :i* settles ?is problem fully & f9ally = him2 x is ! exp]i5ce :i* ,paul embodi$ 9 ! cry1 ,he lov$ me1 & gave ,himself = me4 ,= ,monism ! individual is a m]e surface ripple on an inf9ite ocean1 alike imp]man5t & imp]sonal2 = ,*ri/ianity ! s\l is a *ild ( ! ,fa!r ( all s\ls1 lov$ ) an ev]la/+ love4 ,betwe5 ^! two conceptions we h to *oose1 rememb]+ t ea* utt]ly excludes ! o!r4 ,!re is no ?ird alt]native4 #gd ,,*apt] ,v ,,! ,,div9e ,,p]sonality ,:ile 9 our la/ ?ree *apt]s we h be5 deal+ ) c]ta9 !ories :i* implicitly or explicitly d5y ! ,div9e ,p]sonality1 & :ile an imp]sonal ,god c be1 z we h already se51 ( no value = religion1 !re is no mi/ak+ ! fact t ?is v "q--:e!r1 i4e41 x is possible & legitimate = u to ?9k ( ,god z p]sonal--con/itutes "o ( ! mo/ typical ( mod]n difficulties4 ,x is probably correct to say t ?is difficulty1 l o!rs we h review$1 dates practically f ! collapse ( ,deism1 a cre$ :i* possess$ a c]ta9 h>d lucidity satisfy+ to _m = ! v reason t x requir$ no v pr(\nd insight = its und]/&+4 ,t a ,deity localis$ 9 a f>-away heav51 seat$ on a cele/ial ?rone & surr\nd$ by an angelic c\rt1 %\ld be a p]son1 l any o!r sov]eign1 pres5t$ no problem to ! und]/&+2 b if ,god 0 n m]ely transc5d5t b also imman5t--n m]ely some:]e b 9 "s indef9able mann] ev]y:]e--!n to pr$icate p]sonality ( #ge su* a ,"o seem$ a v p>adox4 ,9 "o ( ,feuillet's novels !re occurs a phrase :i* sums up 9 a few expressive words a v common spiritual misadv5ture3 ! h]o says1 ,j'avais vu disp>atre p>mi les nuages la tte de ce bon vieill>d qu'on appelle ,dieu--,i _h se5 ! head ( t good old man call$ ,god disappe> among/ ! cl\ds4 ,8 nave mat]ial conception ( ! ,et]nal _h dissolv$--& dissolv$ into no?+ness4 ,may we n surmise t n9e times out ( t5 ?is is precisely :at has happ5$ :5 we he> ! "q ask$1 ,b h[ c ,god be p]sonal8 ,9 by f> ! great] numb] ( cases1 t is to say1 ! problem arises simply & solely f ! que/ion]'s failure to dissociate p]sonality f mat]iality2 a p]son sugge/s to him a tangible1 visible1 pond]able =m1 ) arms & legs & organs ( s5se--& :5 he has reflect$ suffici5tly to und]/& t su* a description _c apply to ,god1 he concludes t !re=e ,god _c be p]sonal4 ,! next /ep is usually t1 hav+ se5 ?is visibly outl9$ ,deity disappe> p>mi les nuages1 he passes into absolute unbelief2 = someh[ an imp]sonal ,p[]1 :ile x may possibly inspire awe1 _c move u to wor%ip1 _c pres5t to u a moral imp]ative1 _c1 above all1 ei!r claim our love or give u its affection4 ,x is really ! id5tical difficulty1 /at$ a little #gf m pret5ti\sly1 :i* ! rationali/ au?or ( ,! ,*ur*es & ,mod]n ,?\ght pres5ts to u by rem>k+ t 9 all our exp]i5ce t :i* makes up p]sonality is connect$ ) n]ve /ructures1 s t we _c attribute su* a quality to a ,be+ :o is describ$ to u z devoid ( any n]ve /ructure4 ,i "k ( no answ]1 he qua9tly adds1 t c\ld be call$ satisfactory f a !i/ic /&po9t4 #a ,x is evid5t t ,mr4 ,vivian does n rememb] ! fam\s passage 9 ! ,essay on ,!ism :]e ,john ,/u>t ,mill expla9s t ! relation ( ?\ght to a mat]ial bra9 is no metaphysical necessity1 b simply a con/ant co-exi/5ce )9 ! limits ( obs]vation1 & concludes t al?\gh exp]i5ce furni%es u ) no example ( any s]ies ( /ates ( consci\sness )\t an accompany+ bra91 x is z easy to imag9e su* a s]ies ( /ates )\t z ) ?is accompanim5t4 #b ,accord+ to ,mill--h>dly a *ampion ( or?odoxy--!re is no reason 9 ! nature ( ?+s :y ?\ghts1 emotions1 volitions & ev5 s5sations %\ld be necess>ily dep5d5t ^u or connect$ ) n]ve /ructures 2 s t ,mr4 ,vivian's argum5t palpably fails4 ,b :at ab\t ?is popul> notion :i* id5tifies p]sonality ) mat]iality1 & #gg !re=e d5ies ! =m] attribute to ,god8 ,"o w\ld ?9k t ev5 ! mo/ circumscrib$ exp]i5ce1 or reflection on su* exp]i5ce1 mu/ suffice to dispose ( su* a misappreh5sion2 let u use ! mo/ obvi\s ( illu/rations = %[+ :]e ! error lies4 ,we h only to imag9e "o ( ^? ev]yday trag$ies t make a %ort newspap] p>agraph--say1 ! case ( a man pass+ a h\se 9 process ( erection1 & be+ kill$ on ! spot by a piece ( fall+ timb]4 ,he is left z a mat]ial =m2 he is decid$ly n left z a p]son4 ,some?+ has disappe>$ 9 t fatal mom5t t no "o _h ev] se5 or h&l$--8 self-consci\sness1 8 intellig5ce1 8 w1 8 affections1 8 moral s5se3 ) ^! he 0 a p]son2 )\t !m1 he is a corpse4 ,if1 !n1 x is ^! unse51 intangible qualities1 & n fle% & bones1 muscle & n]ve /ructure1 t con/itute human p]sonality1 is x n r *ildi% to argue t1 unless ,god possesses a body ( "s sort1 ! ,div9e ,p]sonality is a contradiction 9 t]ms8 ,if we c validly affirm 9 ! ,deity qualities correspond+ to ^? :i* 9 human be+s we call consci\sness1 intellig5ce1 etc41 we %all obvi\sly be compell$ to assign p]sonality to ,him2 ! "q is1 ,h we suffici5t gr\nds = mak+ su* an affirmation8 ,b be=e we are all[$ to answ] t "q1 we h to meet ano!r prelim9>y #gh objection2 = x seems t we are 9 conflict ) philosophy--or1 to be m exact1 ) a c]ta9 philosophy :i*1 :ile no long] p]haps 9 ! heyday ( its influ5ce ) /ud5ts1 /ill enjoys a good deal ( popul> vogue4 ,we are1 ( c\rse1 ref]r+ to ! ,sp5c]ian sy/em1 9 :i* ! ^w ,absolute is us$ z a synonym = :at we %\ld call ! ,deity2 b1 argues ! ,sp5c]ian1 s9ce ,absolute is t :i* exi/s out ( all relation1 #c :]eas ev5 intellig5ce or consci\sness itself is conceivable only z a relation1 x foll[s t ! ,absolute _c be ?\ght ( z consci\s4 ,b if ,god _c ev5 be ?\ght ( z consci\s1 h[ mu* less c ,he be ?\ght ( z p]sonal6 ,su* an inf]5ce w\ld1 inde$1 be irresi/ible if only ! premises on :i* x re/s 7 s\nd4 ,b is x legitimate1 we ask1 to id5tify ,god ) ! ,absolute1 or is n ?is m]ely a way ( begg+ ! "q8 ,absolute is t :i* exi/s out ( all relation1 we 7 j told1 & su* a g5u9e ,absolute w\ld be g5u9ely unkn[able1 because its v exi/5ce c\ld n be s mu* z guess$ at2 b ! ,sp5c]ian ,absolute is ! mo/ c]ta9 ( c]ta9ties1 describ$ by ,pr(essor ,hudson z ! "o ,et]nal ,reality1 ! corn]-/one ( all our #gi k--o!rwise z ! ,inf9ite & ,et]nal ,en]gy f :i* all ?+s proce$4 ,b ! corn]-/one ( all our k c be su* only because1 s f> f be+ unkn[able1 x is intimately relat$ to all our exp]i5ce--:i* is tantam\nt to say+ t x is n absolute at all2 & aga91 if ,god be ! ,inf9ite & ,et]nal ,en]gy f :i* all ?+s proce$1 t ,en]gy mu/ be ?\ght ( z relat$ to all ?+s--9 o!r words1 x is ! v rev]se ( absolute4 ,& h5ce ! imag9>y impossibility ( ?9k+ ( ! ,deity z consci\s & intellig5t vani%es at "o /roke4 ,if ,god 7 really absolute1 9 ! s5se ( ! def9ition quot$ above1 x w\ld c]ta9ly be1 z ,pr(essor ,hudson says1 f ! /&po9t ( philosophical exactness q inadmissible to speak ( ! ,div9e ,w1 or a ,p]sonal ,creator1 or an intellig5t ,gov]nor ( ! univ]se2 b z we h se5 t ?is absolut5ess is purely fictiti\s1 x foll[s t we may legitimately inquire :e!r consci\sness1 intellig5ce1 w--& h5ce p]sonality--are pr$icable ( ,god1 )\t he$+ a veto :i* re/s on imag9>y f\ndations4 ,x is true ,pr(essor ,hudson raises two fur!r objections2 ^!1 h[ev]1 w n long deta9 u4 ,we are in=m$ 9 ! fir/ place t ! fur!r progress ( ?\ght 'mu/ =ce m5 h]eaft] to drop ! high] an?ropomorphic *>act]s giv5 to ! ,fir/ #hj ,cause1 z !y h long s9ce dropp$ ! l[]'2 b s9ce our guide1 a few pages lat]1 quotes ) approval ! dictum t unless we cease to ?9k altoge!r1 we mu/ ?9k an?ropomorphically1 we may be p>don$ = decl9+ to believe t ! fur!r progress ( ?\ght mu/ =ce m5 h]eaft] to cease to ?9k altoge!r4 ,su* a suicide ( ?\ght w\ld furni% an odd comm5t ^u philosophic progress4 ,we %all1 ( c\rse1 cont9ue to ?9k an?ropomorphically ( ,god2 our ?\ght w ?us inevitably fall %ort ( ! ,reality1 b x w be tru] ?an if we did n ?9k ( ,him at all4 ,aga91 ,div9e ,p]sonality is decl>$ to be a self-contradiction because ,p]sonality implies limitation1 or x means no?+ at all4 ,to talk ( an ,inf9ite ,p]son1 !re=e1 is to talk ( some?+ t is at once inf9ite & f9ite1 uncondition$ & condition$1 unlimit$ & limit$--an impossibility4 ,to ?is plea !re are1 h[ev]1 two answ]s4 ,! fir/ may be made 9 ! unprejudic$ words ( ,mr4 ,vivian1 :o obs]ves1#d ,we mu/ n =get t 9 philosophy & !ology ! ^w 'p]son' simply implies 'a nature end[$ ) consci\sness1' & does n involve limits4 ,b secondly1 )\t committ+ ourselves to ,pr(essor ,hudson's dictum t p]sonality implies limitation1 we h to po9t out t we are n conc]n$ to def5d any inf]5ce t might be drawn f ! inf9ity1 9 ! s5se #ha ( ! allness ( ,god4 ,we d n d5y1 b on ! contr>y affirm1 t 9 ! act ( creation ,god imposes limitations ^u ,himself2 s t ?is la/ ob/acle also is dispos$ (4 ,s f>1 !n1 we h dealt ) ! a priori argum5ts aga9/ ! ,p]sonality ( ,god1 & h se5 :y none ( ^!--nei!r t f ,8 non-mat]iality1 nor f ,8 alleg$ absolut5ess or inf9ity--raises any real b> to ,8 be+ ?\ght ( z p]sonal4 ,we are n[ 9 a position to inquire positively :e!r !re is suffici5t gr\nd = reg>d+ ,him z consci\s1 intellig5t & purposive2 if ,he possesses ^! qualities1 we repeat t ,he c]ta9ly possesses t ( p]sonality4 ,! me?od by :i* we mu/ proce$ is obvi\s1 & w at once occur to ! read] :o recalls our op5+ *apt]2 ! "q resolves itself simply into ?is--,are ! ph5om5a ( nature su* z to indicate intellig5ce & directivity 9 _! ,cause8 ,we submit t incontrov]tible pro( ( ! abs5ce ( su* directive intellig5ce w\ld be furni%$1 if ! _w 71 z a matt] ( fact1 *aotic--if x disclos$ nei!r regul>ity nor cont9uity--if1 9 a ^w1 we c\ld nev] be sure :at w\ld happ5 next4 ,true1 9 su* a /ate ( ?+s life itself c\ld n be su/a9$1 = life is only possible 9 a _w ( ord]ly sequ5ces & uni=m laws2 b see+ t z a matt] ( fact su* ord]ly sequ5ces & uni=m laws meet u ev]y:]e #hb 9 nature1 is n ! inf]5ce fairly inevitable8 ,let u be q cle> on "o po9t3 !re are two ways1 & two only1 9 :i* any ph5om5on c be acc\nt$ =--design or *ance2 :at is n purpos$ mu/ be accid5tal4 ,does1 !n1 nature impress u z ! outcome ( *ance8 ,if we saw a faultlessly execut$ ma!matical diagram illu/rat+ a proposition 9 ,euclid1 %\ld we really be satisfi$ ) ! /atem5t t x repres5t$ ! r&om p5cil-/rokes made by a bl9dfold$ *ild ignorant ( geometry8 ,on ! o!r h&1 if a fretful baby is all[$ to div]t himself by hamm]+ ! piano keys1 is ! result ev] remotely ak9 to a tune8 ,we "k p]fectly well t we nev] get h>mony1 ord]1 beauty1 rationality by accid5t2 & !re is only "o o!r alt]native--design1 purpose1 guidance4 ,pr(essor ,fiske quotes a qua9t obs]vation ( ,kepl]'s illu/rat+ ?is v po9t1 :i* we may be all[$ to reproduce3-- ,ye/]day1 :5 we>y ) writ+ & my m9d q du/y ) consid]+ ^! atoms1 ,i 0 call$ to supp]1 & a salad 0 set be=e me4 ,x seems !n1 said ,i al\d1 t if pewt] di%es1 leaves ( lettuce1 gra9s ( salt1 drops ( oil & v9eg>1 & slices ( eggs1 _h be5 float+ ab\t 9 ! air f all et]nity1 x might at la/ happ5 by *ance t !re w\ld come a salad4 ,yes1 says my wife1 b n s nice & well-dress$ z m9e is6 ,mrs4 ,kepl]'s %rewd1 homely rem>k gives its la/ t\* ( absurdity to ! sugge/ion #hc t a _w :i* we see to be p]vad$ by unfail+ law has come toge!r by %e]1 incalculable accid5t4 ,n s mu* z a salad ( respectable calibre c\ld be acc\nt$ = ^u su* a !ory2 h[ mu* less cr$ible is x t ! univ]se began ) a cosmic dance ( unconsci\s atoms :irl$ along by unconsci\s =ces1 & happ5+ s to comb9e z to produce ord] & sequ5ce1 life & consci\sness1 w & affection6 ,b n only does ! univ]se exhibit a sublime ord] :i* is ! v contr>y ( :at we c associate ) ! bl9d work+s ( *ance2 n only d ! circl+ imm5sities ( ! />s & ! microscopic p]fections ( ! sn[-cry/als alike po9t to a %ap+ & direct+ ,m9d & ,w3 :at nature reveals--:at is impli$ 9 ! v t]m evolution--is n m]ely ord] b progress4 ,z ,fiske has x1 ,:atev] else may be true1 ! conviction is br\ght home to u t 9 all ?is endless multif>i\sness !re is "o s+le pr9ciple at "w1 t all is t5d+ t[>ds an end t 0 involv$ 9 ! v beg9n+4 ,9 o!r words1 ! supreme c]ta9ty br\ght home to u by ! rese>*es ( mod]n sci5ce is t all creation is ?rill$ ?r\gh by an all-encompass+ ,purpose4 ,we really ask = no m ?an su* an admission2 t1 9 %ort1 is our case4 ,we c cl9* ! :ole argum5t ) "o quiet s5t5ce ( ,mr4 ,*e/]ton's3 ,:]e !re is a purpose1 #hd !re is a p]son4 ,if ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s ,inf9ite & ,et]nal ,en]gy1 f :i* all ?+s proce$ is purposive1 t is equival5t to say+ t ,god is :at we mean by p]sonal4 ,b ought we n to h %[n fir/ ( all t ,he is consci\s8 ,no1 = ! great] includes ! less1 & purpose is un?9kable ap>t f consci\sness4 ,9 say+ ?is we are aw>e t a philosoph] l ,edu>d von ,h>tmann speaks ( ! wisdom ( ! ,unconsci\s1 ( ! me*anical devices :i* ,x employs1 ( ! direction ( ! goal int5d$ by ! ,unconsci\s1 etc41 etc42 b ?is1 we are b\nd to say1 is to empty words ( _! mean+4 ,to int5d1 to direct any?+ requires at lea/ t ! "o s do+ %\ld be consci\s ( :at x is he is do+4 ,& consci\sness1 intellig5ce1 directivity are con/itu5ts nev] f\nd ap>t f p]sonality4 ,b1 we are told1 ! *oice lies1 n betwe5 p]sonality & some?+ l[]1 b betwe5 p]sonality & some?+ inconceivably high]4 #e ,we reply t we h already made ! acqua9tance ( ?is idea ( a sup]-p]sonal ,deity1 & f\nd t = all practical--i4e41 religi\s--purposes ! sup]-p]sonal is simply ! imp]sonal "u ano!r "n4#f ,& :5 we rememb] t ! inconceivably high] ?an p]sonal ultimate ,reality ( ! agno/ic possesses nei!r #he consci\sness1 nor w1 nor intellig5ce1 we simply fail to see h[ a ,p[] lack+ ^! attributes c\ld be ev5 p]sonal1 to say no?+ ( its be+ m ?an p]sonal4 ,be ?is1 h[ev]1 z x may1 ! decisive fact rema9s t we are p]sons1 & !re=e p]sonality is ! highe/ category "u :i* we c ?9k2 & if we1 ! *ildr5 ( ! ,et]nal1 are end[$ ) p]sonality1 x is suffici5t = u to "k t a cause mu/ be at lea/ adequate to produce ! effects t h fl[$ f x4 ,no?+ c be evolv$ b :at 0 fir/ involv$4 ,on ?is gr\nd alone1 :atev] else ,god may be1 ,he is at lea/ p]sonal2 & t is all we 7 anxi\s to e/abli%4 ,t is all--b x is also all-important2 = x _c be too emphatically insi/$ t )\t a p]sonal ,god religion simply ceases to be4 ,x is a /range & delusive fancy on ,pr(essor ,hudson's "p1 & t ( a good _m p1 t ! religi\s emotions w survive ! de-e?icis+1 dep]sonalis+ ( ! ,deity1 & t m5 w rema9 deeply religi\s ev5 :5 x is recognis$ t ! ,great ,enigma1 ! et]nal & inscrutable en]gy1 ! ultimate ,reality _c be spok5 ( z a ,p]sonal ,creator1 or an intellig5t ,gov]nor ( ! univ]se4 ,= our own "p1 we f9d x difficult to believe t su* a =eca/ c\ld h be5 fram$ by anyone possess+ a fir/-h& k ( :at ! religi\s #hf emotions are2 we say ) ! utmo/ confid5ce t no su* emotions c be felt t[>ds a ,p[] :i* _c be ?\ght ( z consci\s1 let alone z b5evol5t or p]sonally int]e/$ 9 u4 ,we well "k t we c be no?+ to su* a ,p[]--nor c ,x be any?+ to u2 = a ,god :o does n c>e1 does n c\nt4 ,we _c commune ) ?is *ill & awesome ,unkn[n2 we c only pray to ,"o :o he>s2 we c only love ,"o :o has fir/ lov$ u4 ,9 ! la/ analysis1 an imp]sonal ,deity su* z "o he>s occasionally spok5 (1 is a m]e contradiction 9 t]ms1 ! co9age ( confus$ & inaccurate ?\ght4 ,:]e ! mean+ ( p]sonality is s mu* z und]/ood1 d\bt z to ! ,div9e ,p]sonality vani%es2 & lea/ ( all w t tru? be d\bt$ by ^? :o see ! supreme revelation ( ,god 9 ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,he1 ! ,inc>nate ,son1 has %[n u1 n a ,p[] b a ,p]son--! ,p]son ( ! ,fa!r--&1 to-day z ( old1 x suffice? u4 #a ,! ,*ur*es & ,mod]n ,?\ght1 by ,philip ,vivian1 p4 #bca4 #b ,?ree ,essays on ,religion1 ,r4,p4,a4 repr9t1 p4 #he4 #c ,?is & subsequ5t quotations are tak5 f pp4 #ajh-aai ( ,pr(4 ,hudson's ,introduction to ! ,philosophy ( ,h]b]t ,sp5c]4 #d ,op4 cit41 p4 #bca4 #e ,hudson1 op4 cit41 p4 #aaf4 #f ,supra1 p4 #df4 #hg ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,evil v]sus ,,div9e ,,goodness ,t ! r5ew$ emphasis ^u ! ,div9e imman5ce mu/ h = "o ( its effects t ( rais+ ! problem ( evil afre%1 & 9 a p>ticul>ly acute =m1 w be obvi\s to anyone :o has ?\ght out = himself ! implications ( t doctr9e4 ,d>k & press+ en\gh be=e1 ?is p>ticul> problem has1 9 appe>ance at lea/1 be5 bo? complicat$ & acc5tuat$ by ! displacem5t ( ,deism4 ,if1 z we h argu$ on a previ\s occasion1 !re is a c]ta9 causal connection betwe5 ,deism & a some:at sombre outlook ^u ! _w1 on ! o!r h& ! exi/5ce ( evil seem$ to fit 9 bett] ) a view ( ,god :i* repres5t$ ,him z outside ! univ]se ?an ) "o :i* insi/s ^u ,8 indwell+ 9 creation4 ,if ! e>? 0 ! sc5e & playgr\nd ( undiv9e ag5cies :i* "w _! w :ile ! ,div9e control is )drawn1 !n _m ?+s became comp>atively easy ( compreh5sion2 inde$1 !re 0 a c]ta9 consolation 9 ! ?\ght t-- ,all ! ?+s t _h be5 s wrong ,aft] all w\ld n la/ = long1 #hh b t ultimately ,god w\ld resume ! supreme control ,he _h tempor>ily ab&on$1 :ile ! ,p[] ( d>kness w\ld be b\nd & ca/ into ! abyss4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we mu/ ?9k ( ,him z omnipres5t & = t reason directly & un9t]rupt$ly cognisant ( all1 !n ! pla9 man c only ask himself ) a deep5+ wond] :y an all-good & unimag9ably p[]ful ,be+ %\ld p]mit evils ( e description to lay wa/e ,8 own creation4 ,no "o c ent] into ! h\se ( ! /rong1 & spoil 8 goods1 except he fir/ b9d ! /rong2 & s9ce a direct ov]p[]+ ( ,god by ,satan is out ( ! "q1 is n ! assumption to :i* we are driv5 ?is--t ! ,/rong ,"o is abs5t :ile ,8 goods are be+ spoil$1 & t x is ?is v abs5ce ( :i* ! spoil] has tak5 advantage8 ,someh[1 we feel1 if ,he 7 really pres5t--z pres5t z ! doctr9e ( imman5ce w\ld h u believe--,he w\ld actively ass]t ,himself aga9/ wrongs & abuses2 & :5 we ?9k ( ! blood & te>s t are %$ ! _w ov] z ! result ( disord]$ desire1 indu/rial gre$ & political misrule1 we f9d x difficult n to e*o ! words ( psalmi/ & prophet1 ,:y /&e/ ,?\ af> (f1 ,o ,"l8 ,:y hide/ ,?\ ,?yself 9 times ( tr\ble8 ,v]ily ,?\ art a ,god t hide/ ,?yself4 ,9 say+ ?is we d n sugge/ t su* an attempt to expla9 ! ph5om5a ( evil #hi by ,god's suppos$ abs5ce f ! _w is def5sible2 we d say t ! belief 9 ,8 all-encompass+ ne>ness makes ^? ph5om5a ev5 m difficult ( explanation ?an !y 7 be=e4 ,! dev\t dei/ c\ld always com=t himself ) ! ?\ght t1 h[ev] my/]i\s ,god's /&+ af> (f might be1 by & by1 :5 ,he drew nigh aga91 ,he w\ld deal out ev5-h&$ ju/ice to all2 b su* com=t is n op5 to ^? :o explicitly d5y ,god's remot5ess1 b on ! contr>y ass]t t ,he is ! ,pres5ce f :i* !re is no escap+4 ,& ! fact ( evil1 physical & moral1 is precisely ! *ief & mo/ fruitful s\rce ( religi\s scepticism2 x is n ! ab/ract "q :e!r !re is a ,god1 b ! practical & insi/5t problem :e!r ! ,div9e goodness c be reconcil$ ) ! facts ( life & exp]i5ce1 t is agitat+ m5's m9ds1 & sways _! decision = or aga9/ religion4 ,ev]yone kn[s t ?is is :at ,mr4 ,mallock "s "t ago call$ ! crux ( ,!ism2 t crux1 to use 8 own language1 is n ! exi/5ce ( intellig5t purpose 9 ! univ]se1 :i* may be freely conc$$1 b :e!r ! processes ( nature are or are n consi/5t ) a ,god possess+ ! "* :i* x is ! ess5ce ( ,!ism to attribute to ,him1 & :i* alone c\ld r5d] ,him an object ( religion1 or ev5 ( int]e/1 to mank9d4 ,sometimes 9 acc5ts ( wi/ful #ij wond]1 sometimes 9 tones ( revolt & defiant unbelief1 ! "q is ask$3--,:y does ,god all[ dire calamity1 pa9ful disease1 e>?quakes & %ipwrecks1 & accid5ts ( ! m9e8 ,:y does ,he p]mit w>1 or vivisection1 or pov]ty1 or vice--9 fact any ( ! he>ta*e & ! ?\s& natural %ocks t fle% is heir to8 ,we %\ld /op ^! ?+s if we c\ld2 :y does n ,he8 ,"o is rem9d$ ( ,mr4 ,william ,watson's passionate arraignm5t ( ! ,p[]s ( ,europe at ! "t ( ! ,arm5ian massacres3-- ,yea1 if ye c\ld n1 ?\gh ye w\ld1 lift h&-- ,ye halt+ lead]s--to abridge ,hell's reign4 4 4 ,if su* y\r plight1 mo/ hapless ye ( m56 ,b if ye c\ld & w\ld n1 oh1 :at plea1 ,?9k ye1 %all /ead y at y\r trial1 :5 ,! ?und]cl\d ( witnesses %all loom ,at ! ,assizes ( ,et]nity8 ,! application ( ^! burn+ l9es is pa9fully obvi\s4 ,x w\ld be a positive relief 7 x ?9kable t ! ,et]nal w\ld1 b _c1 /em ! flood t rolls ,ho>s] ) angui% z ! ages roll2 or if "o might1 ) a mod]n noveli/1 comp>e ! case to t ( a practition] do+ 8 be/ = a wilful pati5t1 ) poor appliances & indiff]5t nurs+4 ,b if ,he c\ld & w n--oh1 :at plea8 ,:at frankly appals m5 & freezes ! wor%ipful in/9ct 9 _! he>ts is ! #ia app>5t ,div9e indiff]5ce1 ! sil5ce ( ,god1 9 ! pres5ce ( s mu* human wret*$ness4 ,if "o c\ld only feel t ,he c>$ = & sympa?is$ ) ,8 suff]+ creatures1 x w\ld be a help1 l ! sympa!tic pressure ( ! h& f a fri5d1 :i* does n less5 ! actual calamity t may h befall5 u1 b makes x easi] to be>2 b an indiff]5t ,god is equival5t to no ,god at all--or1 z we h previ\sly express$ x1 a ,god :o does n c>e1 does n c\nt4 ,! m]e s5se t ,he 0 sorry = u w\ld light5 ! /roke ( fate :i* ,he _h n be5 able to av]t2 b if ! tru? is t ,he might h av]t$ x by ! simple ex]cise ( ,8 w1 b refus$ to d s1 coldly look+ on at our grief--n f af>1 b close by--!n we c only say t no ,god at all 7 bett] ?an t4 ,x seems1 !n1 z ?\gh1 9 ord] to escape f palpable inconsi/5cy betwe5 !ory & fact1 we %\ld h to make a surr5d] ei!r ( ,8 imman5ce1 or ,8 omnipot5ce1 or ,8 b5evol5ce1 or ! reality ( evil4 ,to surr5d] ! ,div9e imman5ce w n really solve our problem4 ,ne> or f>1 clos] to u ?an brea?+ or dwell+ beyond ! fur!/ />1 ,god is /ill ! ,au?or ( our be+1 ! ,fram] ( ! _w & all t !re9 is1 ! ,cause )\t :i* !re w\ld h be5 no effects4 ,if1 aft] creat+ ! _w1 ,he )drew f x to an inconceivable #ib di/ance1 x is none ! less ,8 h&iwork2 if x is 9 & ?r\gh ,8 abs5ce t ! cosmic me*anism has got out ( ge>1 x is yet ,he :o will$ to be s abs5t1 well kn[+ :at results w\ld sup]v5e2 if a p[] o!r ?an ,he & ho/ile to ,him has usurp$ ! place & title ( ,pr9ce ( ?is _w1 su* usurpation w\ld h be5 impossible b = ,8 acquiesc5ce1 & p]sonifi$ ,evil1 play+ ) human happ9ess1 w\ld /ill be ,8 lic5s$ ag5t4 ,evid5tly1 ! solution ( :i* we are 9 se>* does n lie along t way4 ,we turn1 !re=e1 to ! second possible explanation1 /rongly put =w>d by ,mill1 accord+ to :om natural !ology po9ts to ,god z a ,be+ ( great b limit$ p[]4 ,^? :o h be5 /r5g!n$ 9 goodness by rely+ on ! sympa?is+ support ( a p[]ful & good ,gov]nor ( ! _w 7he says7 h1 ,i am satisfi$1 nev] really believ$ t ,gov]nor to be1 9 ! /rict s5se ( ! t]m1 omnipot5t4 ,!y h always sav$ ,8 goodness at ! exp5se ( ,8 p[]4 ,!y h believ$ 4 4 4 t ! _w is inevitably imp]fect1 contr>y to ,8 int5tion4#a ,to ! "q1 ,( :at nature is ! limitation ( ,8 p[]8 he returns ! t5tative answ] t x probably results ei!r f ! qualities ( ! mat]ial--! sub/ances & =ces ( :i* ! univ]se is compos$ n admitt+ ( any arrangem5ts by :i* ,8 purposes c\ld be m completely fulfill$2 or else1 ! purposes might h be5 m fully atta9$1 b ! ,creator did n "k h[ to d x2 creative #ic skill1 wond]ful z x is1 0 n suffici5tly p]fect to accompli% ,8 purposes m ?or\ghly4#b ,su* an answ]1 we ne$ sc>cely say1 c\ld only h be5 giv5 by a ?9k] :o _h gr[n up 9 ! intellectual atmosph]e ( ,deism2 ! ,deity :i* he contemplates is ,"o :o works ^u ! _w purely ab extra1 :o _c be spok5 ( z ! ,creator1 except by c\rtesy2 9 reality ,he m]ely %apes & adapts mat]ials ov] :i* ,he has only an incomplete control1 & :i*1 !re=e1 s f> f hav+ be5 call$ into be+ by ,him1 mu/ be ?\ght ( z exi/+ indep5d5tly ( ,him4 ,_h ,he really creat$ ! raw mat]ial f :i* ,he 0 to frame ! univ]se1 ,he w\ld ( c\rse h creat$ "s m$ium p]fectly pla/ic to ,8 h& & adapt$ to ,8 purposes2 b if ,he m]ely op]ates on matt] f )\t1 f9d+ x /ubborn & unam5able1 ,he is only a second>y ,deity or ,demiurge1 & we h /ill to answ] ! "q1 ,:at is t real ,fir/ ,cause1 ! ,urgott :o creat$ ! ,ur/(f1 matt] 9 its mo/ elem5t>y =m1 & end[$ x ) qualities "s ( :i* 7 de/9$ to s]ve1 :ile o!rs resi/$ & fru/rat$1 ! sub-,div9ity's int5tions8 ,cle>ly1 ?is notion also w n d2 b :ile we may reject ,mill's !ory z to ! nature ( ! limitations ( ,div9e p[]1 !re #id is di/9ct =ce 9 8 %rewd cont5tion t religi\s p g5]ally--pr(essions to ! contr>y not)/&+--h nev] really believ$ ,god to be1 9 ! /rict s5se ( ! t]m1 omnipot5t4 ,?is cont5tion we believe1 inde$1 to be almo/ self-evid5tly true2 = on ! contr>y supposition no?+ c happ5 contr>y to ,god's w--all ?+s & be+s w\ld necess>ily be c>ry+ out t w1 & s91 e4g41 w\ld become an utt]ly mean+less t]m4 ,b if omnipot5ce is limit$--:i* s\nds1 we admit1 a contradiction 9 t]ms--we ask once m1 ,9 :at way & by :om8 ,to t "q we h no o!r reply ?an ! "o giv5 9 our fir/ *apt]1 viz41 t :5 we pr$icate limitation ( ! ,deity1 we mu/ mean self-limitation4 ,9 creat+ ! univ]se1 we said1 ,god made a di/9ction betwe5 ,8 creation & ,himself1 & to t ext5t limit$ ,8 ,be+--= ! univ]se is n id5tical ) ,god2 we n[ add t 9 end[+ man ) an exi/5ce relat$ to1 b di/9ct f1 ,8 own1 ,he limit$ n only ,8 inf9ite ,be+1 b also ,8 inf9ite ,p[]1 delegat+ "s portion !re( to u--= man's w is n id5tical ) ,god's w1 b capable ( resi/+1 ?\gh also capable ( co-op]at+ ) x4 ,)\t su* individual initiative1 )\t su* an individual faculty ( *oos+ betwe5 alt]natives ( action1 man c\ld nev] h be5 a moral ag5t2 b moral lib]ty to *oose & act aright or amiss implies also #ie moral responsibility = su* *oice on ! "p ( ! *oos]4 ,?is neglect$ tru? ( ,god's self-limitation ( ,8 p[] ne$s to be f> m explicitly av[$ ?an has g5]ally be5 ! case4 ,only s %all we get cle> ( ! confusion & unc]ta9ty ) :i* ! subject ( human fre$om is s l>gely surr\nd$2 only s %all we be enabl$ to place ! burd5 ( responsibility = s91 ! cause ( s imm5se a proportion ( ! _w's suff]+1 ^u ! "r %\ld]s--i4e41 man's1 n ,god's4 ,x is urg5tly necess>y to disp]se ! common fallacy accord+ to :i* ,god1 be+ ! ,au?or ( all1 is ! causative ,ag5t answ]able = all ! happ5+s 9 ,8 univ]se1 = all human pa9 & all human s94 ,:]e fre$om is1 !re is responsibility4 ,= let u br+ ! matt] d[n f ! ab/ract to ! concrete3 if a dreadful railway accid5t is caus$ ?r\gh ! mom5t>y m5tal lapse ( a signalman :o has be5 ov]tax$ by excessive work+ h\rs1 h[ is ! responsibility ,god's8 ,x obvi\sly belongs to ^? :o impos$ a task involv+ ! safety ( human lives on a man :o 0 n 9 a fit condition to fulfil su* a duty4 ,if an explosion 9 a coal-m9e1 accompani$ by t]rible loss ( life1 is caus$ ?r\gh "s m9] /rik+ a mat*1 or c>ry+ a nak$ light1 9 defiance ( well-kn[n regulations ( safety1 h[ is ,god responsible8 ,he has end[$ u ) intellig5ce :]eby to #if discov] ,8 laws1 & ) fre$om to obey or disobey !m3 ! use or misuse ( t fre$om re/s ) ourselves4 ,b n[ x may be ask$--,0 x ! act ( a b5evol5t ,deity to entru/ ?is t]ribly two-edg$ weapon ( lib]ty to our unskilful h&s1 9 :i* x 0 b\nd to "w s va/ an am\nt ( injury8 ,& ?is op5s up ! l>g] & m g5]al "q1 ,mu/ we1 9 view ( ! facts ( life1 surr5d] ! idea ( ! ,div9e b5evol5ce8 ,x is q true t ! evid5ce ( purpose disc]nible 9 ! :ole /ructure ( ! univ]se proclaims ! ,deity to be p]sonal2 b1 z ,mr4 ,mallock says1 ! !i/ic doctr9e ( ,god is n a doctr9e t ! supreme m9d acts ) purpose1 b a doctr9e t x acts ) purpose ( a highly specialis$ k9d--viz41 b5evol5t purpose4 ,let u once m /ate ! problem 9 ! p>tial b v p]t95t =m 9 :i* x arises 9 connection ) man's faculty ( fre$om4 ,to be/[ ^u ,8 creatures a gift :i* ,he mu/ h kn[n !y w\ld use 9 su* a mann] z to "w inf9ite h>m to !mselves & to ea* o!r1 seems prima facie no m compatible ) k9dly int5tions ?an x w\ld be to leave *ildr5 to play ) %>p tools1 load$ fire>ms & deadly poisons2 s9ce disa/] 0 b\nd to ensue f su* a c\rse1 does n responsibility = ! disa/] re/ ) ! "o :o delib]ately provid$ ! #ig elem5ts = x8 ,b su* a comp>ison1 :ile sup]ficially plausible1 ^u reflection is se5 to be beside ! m>k4 ,we really _c plead su* inexp]i5ce ( "r & wrong1 su* ignorance ( moral safety & moral dang]1 z w\ld furni% a true p>allel betwe5 play+ ) temptation & play+ ) cyanide ( potassium4 ,9 sett+ be=e u life & good1 & dea? & evil1 ,god has z di/9ctly plac$ )9 our he>ts ! moral intuition :i*1 says1 ,!re=e *oose life4 ,b :y1 ! que/ion] proce$s1 h made s9 ev5 possible8 ,because1 we answ]1 n to h done s w\ld h made morality impossible4 ,x _c be too (t51 or too pla9ly1 po9t$ out t j z ! only alt]native to purpose is *ance1 s ! only alt]native to lib]ty is necessity4 ,t is to say1 ,god c\ld no d\bt h made u automata in/ead ( free ag5ts2 b ev5 ,he c\ld n h made u free to *oose ! "r1 yet n free to *oose its contr>y4 ,*oice t is n will$ is n *oice at all2 goodness by compulsion is n goodness1 b m]ely correctitude--! behavi\r ( a skilfully-devis$ me*anism1 b possess+ no moral quality :atev]4 ,we are n at pres5t conc]n$ ) ! view ( ^? :o ma9ta9 t m5 are de facto no m ?an su* cunn+ ca/s 9 clay a cont5tion :i* w occupy u at a lat] /age2 we m]ely /ate ! commonplace t 9 mak+ u free ,god ,himself c\ld n also #ih make u impeccable1 insusceptible to temptation1 immune aga9/ ! possibility ( s94 ,! real "q1 !n1 %apes itself z foll[s3 ,c we disc]n ! nature ( ! purpose :i* expresses itself 9 ! be/[al ( ?is gift ( fre$om8 ,/at$ 9 t =m1 we see t ! "q has already be5 answ]$ by implication2 = if !re c\ld be no morality )\t lib]ty1 x is fair to make ! inf]5ce t ! v object ( ,god 9 all[+ u to *oose betwe5 alt]natives ( conduct 0 to make morality s mu* z possible4 ,0 t a good & b5efic5t object8 ,we submit t ev5 ^? :o impea* ! ,deity = op5+ ! door to s9 w\ld on second ?\ghts confess t morally free--& !re=e peccable--be+s /& on a high] level ?an m>ionettes1 h[ev] faultlessly contriv$ to p]=m c]ta9 evolutions4 ,! tru? ( ! matt] is set =? ) poetic insight 9 ,&]s5's /ory ( ! ,night+ale--! immeasurable diff]5ce betwe5 ! artificial bird & ! real song/]1 ^: melodi\s raptures someh[ t\*$ a *ord 9 ! li/5] :i* all ! nicely-calculat$ trills & cad5ces ( ! +5i\s me*anical toy fail$ to set 9 motion4 ,9 l mann] we repeat t ! p[] to det]m9e 8 own c\rse raises man to a plane incomp>ably high] ?an he c\ld h occupi$ z an automaton4 ,! same faculty ( free *oice :i* 9 its abuse makes ! s9n]1 9 its "r #ii ex]cise furni%es =? ! sa9t4 ,all t we mean by moral progress1 by ! /eady ga9 ( man1 8 rise to m exalt$ ideals1 8 conque/ ( bas] appetites--all t makes ! hi/ory ( ! race a ?rill+ & uplift+ drama--is b\nd up ) 8 possession ( lib]ty2 x is ?is supreme gift :i* makes him a little l[] ?an ! angels1 & cr[ns him ) glory & hon\r4 ,alone ( all e>?ly be+s1 man is n only an effect b a cause2 8 fre$om--n unlimit$ b q real )9 its n inela/ic conf9es--is ! noble/ ( all 8 faculties1 ev5 ?\gh = t v reason x is capable ( be+ mo/ ignobly p]v]t$4 ,:at its be/[al tells u is t ,god does n call u into s]vitude1 b to t s]vice :i* is p]fect fre$om2 ,he might h made u ,8 play?+s1 z ,plato sugge/$1#c b by end[+ u ) ! p[] to *oose = ourselves ,he has made u ,8 pot5tial fell[-work]s4 ,may we n ask--,:o1 aft] all1 w\ld pref] ! safety ( automatism to ! glory ( ?is ,div9e adv5ture8 ,9 all ?is we are n %utt+ our eyes to :at is involv$ 9 ! misuse ( lib]ty--! dread nature ( wilful s9 & its gha/ly h>ve/ ( wreck$ & ru9$ lives2 we d n say t ! price ( fre$om is n a heavy #ajj "o1 nor d we pret5d t ! subject is free f pa9ful my/]y4 ,x c\ld n be o!rwise2 t we1 ) our limit$ vision & circumscrib$ und]/&+1 %\ld be able to solve t my/]y ) any complet5ess1 is n ev5 to be imag9$4 ,nev]!less1 we may claim t we h at lea/ obta9$ a glimpse ( ! purpose ( ,god 9 conf]r+ ^u ! race ?is fateful p[]2 = ?is & no o!r 0 ! appo9t$ means by :i* man 0 to asc5d to 8 true place z a moral & spiritual be+4 ,if we c admit t purpose to be 9 h>mony ) ! ,div9e b5evol5ce1 we may ! m hopefully turn to o!r aspects ( our problem4 #a ,?ree ,essays on ,religion1 p4 #bb4 #b ,ibid1 p4 #gi4 #c ,! ,laws1 vii1 #hjc3 ,greek ,!\ ti paignion meme*anm5on4 ,comp>e also ,br[n+'s unhappy phrase1 ,god1 ^: puppets1 be/ & wor/1 are we4 #aja ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,evil v]sus ,,div9e ,,goodness 7,cont9u$7 ,!re is probably no m s]i\s aspect ( ! popul> philosophy :i* decl>es s confid5tly1 ,!re is no w t is n ,god's w1 ?an t1 :ile pr(ess+ to be a ,gospel ( sweetness & light1 x 9 reality plunges u into ! v dep?s ( pessimism by mak+ ,god ,himself ultimately responsible = all ! evil & suff]+ 9 ! _w4 ,f su* a position1 f su* premises z ^!1 !re is only "o /ep to su* conclusions z h be5 actually drawn3-- ,x is ,8 _w1 rememb]2 ,he made x1 & ,he is omnipot5t4 4 4 ,if creation does n please ! ,creator1 :y did ,he n make x bett]8 ,if x is wayw>d & intractable1 x c be no m ?an ,he expect$1 or ought to h expect$4 ,:]e9 consi/s ,8 "r to puni% u = our transgressions8 ,suppose we *all5ge x2 :at w ,he say 9 def5ce8 ,we may %r9k ) di/a/e f su* wild & :irl+ words2 b if x be true t !re is no w t is n ,god's w--if :atev] takes place 9 ! univ]se expresses t almighty w--!y are z rational 9 _! v vehem5ce z ,om>'s l9es are rational 9 _! melan*oly3-- #ajb ,o ,?\1 :o did/ ) pitfall & ) g9 ,beset ! ,road ,i 0 to w&] 91 ,?\ wilt n ) ,pr$e/9'd ,evil r\nd ,enme%1 & !n impute my ,fall to ,s96 ,o ,?\1 :o man ( bas] ,e>? did/ make1 ,& ev'n ) ,p>adise devise ! ,snake3 ,= all ! ,s9 :]e) ! ,face ( ,man ,is black5'd--,man's =giv5ess give--& take6 ,x is only :5 we cle>ly recognise t man is o!r ?an a m]e phase or mode ( ! "o ,et]nal ,be+2 t he has be5 end[$ ) individual exi/5ce & individual w1 & !re=e ) individual responsibility--& t = ! express purpose ( realis+ 8 highe/ pot5tialities3 x is only :5 we accept su* a read+ ( ! facts z ?is t we escape f t wor/ ( nightm>es :i* rea*es its climax 9 hurl+ its fooli% defiance at ! ,mo/ ,high1 *all5g+ ,8 "r to puni% ! in/rum5ts ( ,8 own w1 ^? helpless pieces ( ! game ,he plays1 impot5t items 9 t un5d+ spectacle-- ,:i* = ! pa/ime ( ,et]nity ,he do? ,himself contrive1 enact1 behold4 ,b if x is true t ,god be/[$ fre$om ^u u because only z free ag5ts c\ld we le>n to love & d ! "r = its own sake2 if x is true t ! /ruggle :i* we h to wage aga9/ our l[] impulses has ! :olly b5evol5t object ( enabl+ u to a*ieve ! glory ( a p]fect$ "*1 x has also to be borne 9 m9d t "u no #ajc circum/ances c "* be conceiv$ o!rwise ?an z ! result ( gr[?4 ,t is to say1 ,god ,himself c\ld n call moral p]fection into be+ ready-made1 by a m]e fiat1 & t = ! same reason :i* precludes omnipot5ce itself f mak+ two /raight l9es to enclose a space1 i4e41 because ! idea involves a self-contradiction4 ,s true is ?is t we read ev5 ( our ,savi\r t ?\gh ,he 0 a ,son1 yet ,he le>n$ ob$i5ce by ! ?+s :i* ,he suff]$1 & 9 ?is mann] 0 made p]fect4 ,"* 9 its v def9ition is ! result ( _m delib]ate ex]cises ( a free w2 & if ! evolution ( "* 0 an object de>] to ,god ?an ! highe/ me*anical or animal p]fection1 t object c\ld h be5 secur$ 9 no o!r way ?an by ?is p>ticul> end[m5t4 ,& "h we %all also f9d ! reply to ! v natural inquiry :y ,god does n1 z ,he might1 int]v5e or fru/rate ! evil designs ( wrong-do]s4 ,:y does a good ,god all[ ,8 int5tions to be set at defiance by ^? :om ! prophet describ$ z draw+ iniquity ) cords ( vanity1 & s9 z x 7 ) a c>t rope8 ,x w\ld n matt] s mu*1 we sometimes bitt]ly reflect1 if ! s9n] injur$ only himself by 8 wick$ness2 b h[ (t5 are ! innoc5t made to suff] by ! devices ( ! unscrupul\s & selfi%6 ,:y1 we repeat1 ?is /range non-int]v5tion ( ! ,mo/ ,high on behalf ( ,8 own cause8 #ajd ,on ?is x mu/ be rem>k$ 9 ! fir/ place t ^? :o accept ,god's transc5d5ce w be c>eful n to rule out a priori ! possibility ( su* ,div9e action z1 reg>d$ f our po9t ( view1 w\ld h to be describ$ z int]v5tion2 ! "q :e!r su* action has ev] tak5 place1 is a "q ( fact1 & ! view t at p>ticul> junctures ,god has ?us actively int]v5$ is at any rate capable ( be+ /rongly argu$4 ,b admitt+1 z we ?9k we mu/1 t ord9>y life does n %[ any in/ances ( su* sup]natural int]position--t a reckless f9anci] is all[$ to enri* himself by corn]+ ! :eat supply & s5d+ up ! price ( ! p's bread2 t a b& ( reaction>ies may arre/ ! c\rse ( re=m & plunge a c\ntry back into d>kness2 t a b5efic5t act ( ! legislature may be defeat$ by gre$y cunn+--mu/ we despair ( solv+ ! g5]al problem :i* su* cases sugge/8 ,we ?9k1 on ! contr>y1 t ! explanation may be legitimately s\ght 9 :at we conceive to h be5 ! ,div9e int5tion 9 mak+ man free2 t int5tion1 ! mak+ ( "*1 w\ld obvi\sly suff] defeat by ,god ?r[+ ,8 weight--if we may use su* a phrase--into ?is scale z aga9/ t1 fur!r+ "h & *eck+ !re1 = "*1 z we j said1 c only result f ! free ex]cise & int]play ( w ) w4 ,we may well imag9e ,god's mode ( action to #aje resemble t ( a human p>5t :o entru/s a gr[+ *ild ) a gr[+ measure ( lib]ty & responsibility1 well kn[+ t 9 ! use ( x he w h _m a slip & /umble1 & occasionally hurt himself2 su* a p>5t w c>efully refra9 f int]f]5ce1 pref]r+ t ! *ild %\ld le>n 8 own lessons f 8 own mi/akes1 well kn[+ t we pr(it only by ! exp]i5ce = :i* we ourselves h paid4 ,no "o w1 ( c\rse1 pret5d t su* a reconciliation ( ! facts ( s9 ) ! axiom or intuition ( ,div9e all-goodness is o!r ?an incomplete2 we m]ely urge t1 hav+ reg>d to ! magnitude & ! complexity ( ! subject x c\ld n be o!rwise4 ,a !ory1 )\t acc\nt+ = all ! facts1 may be true s f> z x goes1 correctly indicat+ ! way :i*1 if we c\ld pursue x fur!r1 w\ld lead u into m & full] tru?4 ,no d\bt1 :5 t :i* is p]fect is come1 t :i* is 9 "p w be done away2 b p5d+ ! adv5t ( a complete explanation1 a p>tial "o is n )\t all value4 ,inde$1 ! v inadequacy ( our in/rum5ts1 result+ 9 t incomplet5ess ( :i* we j spoke1 %\ld once m sugge/ a reflection :i*1 :ile 9 no wise orig9al or />tl+1 is specially relevant to ! subject "u discussion3 = if ,god's k necess>ily & immeasurably transc5ds ours1 if ,he kn[s m ?an we1 does x n foll[ #ajf ) equal c]ta9ty t ,he kn[s bett]8 ,grant$ t we d n und]/& h[ ?is or t disp5sation ( ,provid5ce fits 9 ) ! g5]al belief 9 ,8 p]fect goodness1 our failure to und]/& no m disproves t goodness ?an ! simil> failure ( a *ild to compreh5d :y su* & su* irksome tasks are impos$ ^u him by 8 p>5t1 disproves ! wisdom & goodness :i* prompt ! p>5t's act4 ,! *ild _c und]/&2 b :]e ! relations are at all normal he acquiesces1 be+ on g5]al gr\nds conv9c$ t ! p>5tal comm&s aim at 8 welf>e1 & t 8 p>5ts1 aft] all1 "k bett] ?an he4 ,is ! application s f> to seek8 ,9 ! second place--turn+ n[ f ! subject ( s9 to t ( evil g5]ally--x may be wor? :ile to rem9d ourselves ( a fact :i* seems to be =gott5 by "s ( ! impetu\s arraign]s ( ! ,deity1 viz41 t1 aft] all1 ! problem is n a new "o1 :i* !y h sudd5ly discov]$ by d9t ( sup]ior sagacity4 ,:at we mean is ?is3 ! problem ( evil z su* is ( any?+ b an ab/ruse or remote nature1 nor "o requir+ unusual philosophical p5etration to br+ to light2 on ! contr>y1 pa9 & sorr[1 privation1 adv]sity1 dea?--^! are exp]i5ces t h come )9 ! cognisance ( all4 ,if1 !n1 ! facts are nei!r s remote nor s inconsid]able t m5 c\ld h simply #ajg =gott5 to take !m into acc\nt 9 fram+ _! e/imates ( ! ,div9e "*1 h[ is x1 we ask1 t !y h arriv$ at & clung to ! belief 9 ! b5evol5ce ( ,god at all8 ,if ! pro( to ! contr>y 0 s ov]p[]+1 :y1 z a matt] ( fact1 has x n ov]p[]$ !m8 ,:y %\ld an unkn[n ,hebrew s+] h giv5 expression to ?is extraord9>y s5tim5t1 ,?\gh ,he slay me1 yet w ,i tru/ 9 ,him--& :y has t s5tim5t be5 re-e*o$ by millions ( m5 & wom5 acqua9t$ ) grief & affliction8 ,! e>ly ,*ri/ians did n exactly live lives ( luxury or ev5 security1 %elt]$ f contact ) trag$y & horror2 yet ! keynote ( primitive ,*ri/ianity is ! note ( joy1 :ile ! backgr\nd ( e>ly ,*ri/ian exp]i5ce is a radiant conviction ( ! ,div9e b5evol5ce4 ,& :5 we rememb] t ! same holds true ( s _m em95tly spiritual s\ls 9 all ages1 :o h comb9$ a ke5 s5sitiv5ess to evil & suff]+ ( e k9d ) an un%akeable tru/ 9 ! lov+k9dness ( ,god1 we %all sc>cely accuse all ?is cl\d ( witnesses ( hav+ simply drugg$ !mselves & refus$ to accept ! evid5ce ( _! own s5ses4 ,if m5 & wom5 suff]+ f any?+ r ?an moral bl9dness or moral anae/hesia c\ld1 & c1 nev]!less believe ) all _! he>ts 9 ! ,div9e ,fa!rhood1 is n su* a recurr+ circum/ance significant 9 itself8 #ajh ,evid5tly1 grant+ all ! facts1 m ?an "o read+ ( ! facts is possible2 n cloi/]$ my/ics1 or an*orites )drawn f ! _w1 b h]oes engag$ 9 fight+ its ills1 h /eadfa/ly proclaim$ t ,god is good2 is x an altoge!r unreasonable hypo!sis t _! fai?1 if x outso>s ours1 may be ! result ( a deep] insight8 ,& ?is1 9 turn1 sugge/s ano!r ?\ght1 simple en\gh 9 itself1 yet n always borne 9 m9d 9 connection ) ?is p>ticul> !me--viz41 t we are nev] deal+ ) facts p] se1 b ) facts plus our int]pretation ( !m1 :i* may be "r or wrong1 b :i*1 "r or wrong1 helps to decide 9 a v l>ge measure :at ! facts !mselves %all mean to u4 ,our attitude t[>ds ! ev5ts :i* befall u makes all ! diff]5ce4 ,if m5 h be5 ru9$ by success1 x is z true t m5 h be5 made by failure4 ,if m5 h det]iorat$ ?r\gh ease & pl5ty1 m5 h be5 /imulat$ to ef=t ?r\gh h>d%ip & pov]ty4 ,9 a ^w1 if !re is mu* 9 ! burd51 !re is z mu* 9 ! %\ld]+4 ,b = ,dante's consecration ( sorr[1 ! _w w\ld h lo/ ! ,comm$ia ,div9a4 ,b = a pa9ful & p]man5tly disabl+ accid5t1 ! ,engli% ,lab\r ,movem5t w\ld n h _h "o ( its pr9cipal lead]s 9 ,mr4 ,philip ,sn[d54 ,& z = ! influ5ce ( outw>d ev5ts & environm5t g5]ally1 ,mr4 ,*e/]ton may exagg]ate 9 #aji sugge/+ t ev]y?+ good has be5 snat*$ f "s cata/rophe1 b he is c]ta9ly "r :5 he says t ! mo/ dang]\s environm5t ( all is ! commodi\s environm5t4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ( an environm5t ! rev]se ( commodi\s1 x has be5 obs]v$3-- ,logic w\ld seem to say1 ,if ,god br+s great pa9 on a man1 x mu/ make ! man revolt aga9/ ,god4 ,b obs]vation ( facts compels u to say1 ,no1 on ! contr>y1 no?+ ex]cises s extraord9>y an influ5ce 9 mak+ m5 love ,god z ! suff]+ ( great pa9 at ,8 h&s4 ,sci5tific ?9k+ deals ) facts z !y are1 n ) a priori notions ( :at we %\ld expect4 ,& 9 ?is matt]1 ! fact z x is1 is t goodness is evolv$ f pa9 m ri*ly ?an f any o!r s\rce4#a ,we may ?9k su* a /atem5t too absolute1 & po9t to cases :]e ! effect ( physical suff]+ has be5 altoge!r diff]5t2 b if x is true t 9 c]ta9 well-au!nticat$ & n m]ely exceptional in/ances su* visitations h result$ 9 /r5g!n$ fai? & height5$ goodness1 our ma9 cont5tion is prov$1 namely1 t ! attitude ( ! individual himself t[>ds ! ev5ts ( 8 life has mu* to d ) det]m9+ :at ^? ev5ts are to mean to him4 ,in/ead ( ,0 ! gift good8 we %\ld m (t5 ask1 ,0 ! recipi5t wise8 ,pa9 is pa91 & disa/] is disa/]2 b ! _s 9 :i* we meet !m matt]s imm5sely4 #aaj ,b n[ we are confront$ ) a m fundam5tal "q3 ,c\ld n ,god h obviat$ ! ph5om5on ( pa9 altoge!r8 ,c\ld ,he n h made u incapable ( feel+ any b pleasant s5sations8 ,mill1 :o 9 8 essay on ,nature devotes "s--= him--almo/ vehem5t pages to ?is subject1 rea*es ! conclusion t ! only admissible moral !ory ( ,creation is t ! ,pr9ciple ( ,good _c at once & altoge!r subdue ! p[]s ( evil #b2 & 9 deal+ ) ! same topic 9 ! essay on ,!ism1 :ile admitt+ t appe>ances d n indicate t contrivance 0 br\ght into play purposely to produce pa91 he holds to ! view t its v exi/5ce %[s ! p[] ( ,god to be limit$ ab extra1 by ! mat]ial conditions "u :i* ,he works3-- ,! au?or ( ! ma*9]y is no d\bt acc\ntable = hav+ made x susceptible to pa92 b ?is may h be5 a necess>y condition ( its susceptibility to pleasure2 a supposition :i* avails no?+ on ! !ory ( an omnipot5t ,creator1 b is an extremely probable "o 9 ! case ( a ,contriv] work+ "u ! limitation ( inexorable laws & inde/ructible prop]ties ( matt]4#c ,su* a view ( ! case1 z we h already said 9 our previ\s *apt]1 is purely dei/ic2 b we mu/ n[ proce$ to po9t out1 ) great respect = s great an intellect z ,mill's1 t ! supposition :i*1 he says1 avails no?+ #aaa on ! !ory ( an omnipot5t ,creator--viz41 t susceptibility to pleasure involves susceptibility to pa9--seems to u to fit & cov] ! facts precisely2 = a capacity = pa9 & a capacity = pleasure are n two diff]5t ?+s :i* c\ld conceivably exi/ ap>t f ea* o!r1 b are only diff]5t manife/ations ( "o & ! same capacity1 viz41 = exp]i5c+ s5sations ( any k9d :atsoev]4 ,we c\ld no m be capable ( feel+ pleasure1 :ile 9capable ( feel+ pa91 ?an we c\ld be s5sitive to musical h>monies1 :ile 9s5sible to musical discords2 besides :i*1 monotony ( s5sation annihilates s5sation4 ,on ?is po9t we may invoke aga9/ ! pre-evolutioni/ ,mill a mod]n sci5tific au?ority l ,pr(essor ,fiske1 :o expresses himself to ! effect t )\t ! elem5t ( antagonism !re c\ld be no consci\sness1 & !re=e no _w4 ,x is n a sup]ficial b a fundam5tal tru?1 he obs]ves1 t if !re 7 no col\r b r$1 x w\ld be exactly ! same ?+ z if !re 7 no col\r at all4 4 4 ,if our e>s 7 to be fill$ ) "o monoton\s ro> ( ,niag>a1 unbrok5 by ali5 s\nds1 ! effect ^u consci\sness w\ld be absolute sil5ce4 ,if our palates _h nev] come 9 contact ) any ta/eful ?+ save sug>1 we %\ld "k no m ( sweetness ?an ( bitt]ness4 ,if we _h nev] felt physical pa91 we c\ld n recognise physical pleasure4 ,= #aab want ( ! contra/$ backgr\nd1 its pleasurabl5ess w\ld cease to exi/4 4 4 ,we are ?us br\ght to a /rik+ conclusion1 ! ess5tial s\ndness ( :i* _c be ga9said4 ,9 a happy _w !re mu/ be sorr[ & pa94 #d ,& ?is necessity1 we w\ld add1 does n foll[ f ,god's failure to ov]come any inexorable laws & inde/ructible prop]ties ( matt]1 b is impli$ 9 ! inexorable laws ( ?\ght--9 t et]nal "r reason :i* makes x impossible = ,deity to d :at is self-contradictory or absurd4 ,b if ! necessity ( pa9 be ?us admitt$--a mo/ important admission--we may n[ take a /ep fur!r ahead4 ,ev5 ,mill1 z we j saw1 expressly disclaim$ ! notion ( attribut+ physical evil to malign int5tion on ! ,creator's "p2 :at sep>ates u f ,mill is t 9 our view ! laws ( nature1 9 inflict+ pa91 d n act indep5d5tly ( ,god1 b are ,8 laws4 ,d ^?1 x may be ask$1 :o allege ,8 indiff]5ce 9 n int]f]+ ) ! op]ation ( ! =ces ( nature :5 !y injure u1 frame a v cle> notion ( ! way 9 :i* !y ?9k t ,god %\ld1 or might1 manife/ ,8 int]e/8 ,on reflection x w be f\nd t :at !y ask =--! only possible alt]native to an unbrok5 natural ord]--is su* con/ant miracul\s int]position z w\ld make t ord] non-exi/5t4 ,b assum+ t !re #aac 7 no regul> sequ5ce or uni=mity to speak (--if we nev] knew :e!r ! c\rse ( nature might n be int]rupt$ at any mom5t on somebody's behalf--%\ld we really be s mu* bett] (f8 ,w\ld humanity be happi] if *aos 0 sub/itut$ = ord]8 ,)\t seek+ to mitigate ! suff]+ entail$ by ! unh9d]$ action ( nature's =ces1 x is /ill c]ta9 t ! %e] confusion ( a _w 9 :i* law _h be5 abrogat$ w\ld be inf9itely worse4 ,inde$1 ?is is to und]/ate ! case2 = ! fact is t 9 su* a _w all ! activities ( life w\ld be completely p>alys$1 & h5ce life itself1 z we h already _h occasion to po9t out1 c\ld n be c>ri$ on4 ,b if ! reign ( natural law ?us repres5ts ! only set ( conditions "u :i* life is ev5 possible2 & if at ! same "t ?is law1 :i* op]ates all ! "t & nev] relaxes its hold1 is ! expression ( ! w ( ,god1 h[ c we *>ge ,him ) indiff]5ce8 ,! tru? is1 on ! contr>y1 t ,he is ex]cis+ ,8 c>e1 n int]mitt5tly1 by p]=m+ a miracle :5ev] ?+s g wrong1 b cont9ually1 & )\t any int]ruption :atsoev]4 ,7 ,8 law o!r ?an /eadfa/1 7 !re occasional or frequ5t dep>tures f x1 7 x possible to defy nature ) impunity j n[ & aga91 ! results ( su* irregul> action w\ld be disa/r\s 9 ! extreme2 x is because ,8 w is con/ant1 & ,8 decrees )\t #aad v>iabl5ess1 t we are able to le>n & obey !m1 & by obey+ to ma/] nature4 ,b1 aft] all1 ,he made ! laws1 & ,he c\ld h made diff]5t ones4 ,c]ta9ly2 b a mom5t's reflection w %[ t ,he c\ld n h made laws ( any k9d1 disob$i5ce to :i* w\ld h _h ! same consequ5ces z ob$i5ce4 ,he might--= all we c say to ! contr>y--h made /ry*n9e nutriti\s1 & :eat deadly to u2 b ev5 9 t case an indulg5ce 9 :eat w\ld h br\ght ab\t ! unpleasant effects at pres5t associat$ ) an ov]dose ( nux vomica4 ,he might h made a raw1 damp atmosph]e1 ) ea/]ly w9ds1 ! mo/ conducive to heal?2 b ev5 !n x w\ld h be5 ra% to take up "o's resid5ce 9 a w>m1 dry climate4 ,pa9 is an indication t ! processes ( life are suff]+ "s m or less s]i\s di/urbance2 giv51 !re=e1 any set ( natural laws1 & ! necessity ( obey+ !m z ! condition ( life itself1 & we see t disob$i5ce to !m w\ld always & inevitably mean pa94 ,we repeat t ,god might h made diff]5t laws2 b :atev] !y 71 _! brea* mu/ h recoil$ ^u ! break]4 ,yet ev5 if reflections l ^! demon/rate to u ! necessity = pa91 we are /ill left to face ^? great] calamities & disa/]s :i* sweep away human lives by ! hundr$ & ?\s&1 cata/rophes l ! ,sicilian #aae e>?quakes1 t are m>k$ by an appall+ wantonness ( de/ruction2 mu/ n su* ev5ts z ^! also be attribut$ to ,god1 & h[ are !y to be reconcil$ ) ,8 alleg$ b5evol5ce8 ,c]ta9ly1 no "o w\ld attempt to m9imise ! horrors ( ! ,sicilian trag$y2 ! human m9d is ov]:elm$ by ! sudd5ness1 no less ?an ! magnitude1 ( an upheaval ( nature result+ 9 ! blott+-out ( :ole fl\ri%+ communities4 ,& yet we v5ture to say1 p>adoxical ?\gh x s\nds1 t x is1 p>tly at lea/1 ow+ to a c]ta9 lack ( imag9ation t su* an ev5t looms s imm5se 9 our ?\ghts4 ,mo/ ( u d n make ! ord9ance ( dea? 9 itself an accusation aga9/ ! ,mo/ ,high2 we are n specially %ock$ or outrag$ by ! ?\ght t ! :ole population ( ! globe dies out )9 q a mod]ate span ( "t1 nor ev5 by ! reflection t sev]al hundr$ ?\s& p]sons die e ye> 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom alone4 ,we "k q well t e "o ( ^? :o p]i%$ 9 ,mess9a mu/ h paid 8 debt to nature 91 at mo/1 a few decades4 ,s1 !n1 ! :ole po9t 9 our arraignm5t is ?is--,x w\ld n h be5 cruel _h ^! dea?s be5 spread ov] a p]iod ( "t1 b x is cruel t !y %\ld h tak5 place simultane\sly2 x w\ld n h be5 cruel _h ! victims ( ! e>?quake di$ ( illnesses--9 _m cases prolong$ & pa9ful--b x is cruel #aaf t dea? %\ld h come ^u !m swiftly1 in/antane\sly1 )\t m5ace or l+]+ pa92 x w\ld n h be5 cruel _h *ildr5 surviv$ to m\rn _! p>5ts1 husb&s _! wives1 bro!r ! loss ( bro!r1 z 9 ! ord9>y c\rse--b x is cruel t by dy+ 9 ! same h\r !y 7 sp>$ ! pang ( p>t+4 ,we repeat t x is because we ord9>ily use our imag9ations too little t we are s apt to lose our balance & s5se ( proportion 9 ! pres5ce ( ^! cata/rophes2 & x may be p]missible to po9t out t !re is probably1 quality = quality1 & quantity = quantity1 m grey1 hopeless suff]+1 m wret*$ness & trag$y1 9 ,london to-day ?an 0 caus$ by ! ,sicilian cata/rophe--suff]+ & wret*$ness t are due n to nature1 b to s91 ?\gh n necess>ily on ! suff]]'s "p4 ,& !re is1 9 ju/ice1 some?+ m to be said :5 we speak ( ^! dire visitations4 ,:ile e in/9ct ( humanity inspires u ) sympa?y = ! victims buri$ "u ! ru9s ( ,mess9a & ,reggio1 x is1 ( c\rse1 a matt] ( common k t ! soil on ^? coa/s is volcanic1 & liable to su* commotions2 if m5 w take ! risk ( liv+ 9 su* localities1 we may pity !m :5 ! disa/] comes1 b we _c v fitly impea* ,provid5ce4 ,!re is a village ne> ,*ur 9 ,switz]l&1 :i* has twice be5 wip$ out by avalan*es1 yet ea* "t re-built #aag on ! same spot2 ye> by ye> mat]ial is visibly accumulat+ = a ?ird deadly fall1 & :5 x takes place1 z take place x w1 m5 w speak ( ! dispassionate cruelty ( nature4 ,"t aft] "t ! lava f ,m\nt ,vesuvius has ov]:elm$ ! localities t ne/le on its slopes1 b human he$lessness proves incurable4 ,if ! ,sicilians1 kn[+ ! nature ( ! soil1 _h built _! t[ns ( isolat$1 "o-/ori$1 wood5 /ructures1 at a reasonable di/ance f ! %ore1 ! effects ( e>?quake & tidal wave w\ld n h be5 "o hundr$? "p z t]rible2 yet ,mess9a is be+ re-built on its =m] site1 & app>5tly 9 ! old /yle ( ar*itecture--a proce$+ :i* simply invites a repetition ( ! same k9d ( disa/]4 ,x is lit]ally true t ^! great] calamities are 9 ne>ly e in/ance capable ( be+ av]t$ or _! incid5ce m9imis$2 to give an obvi\s in/ance1 "o is almo/ we>y ( see+ x repeat$ t ! fam9es & consequ5t epidemics :i* visit ,india c\ld be imm5sely r$uc$ by a wise & g5]\s exp5diture on irrigation1 ! improv$ cultivation ( ! l&1 ! enl>gem5t ( ! cultivable area1 & s =?4 ,b m5 f9d x easi] to turn accus+ glances to ! sky ?an to be/ir !mselves & to use m wisdom1 =esight & en]gy 9 direct+ & subdu+ ! =ces ( nature4 ,we are well aw>e t :at has be5 writt5 9 ! pages ( ?is *apt] is no #aah m ?an a s]ies ( scatt]$ h9ts2 we d n = a mom5t imag9e t1 9 ! aggregate1 !y am\nt to m ?an a mo/ fragm5t>y resolution ( ! difficulty pres5t$ by ! reality ( evil--inde$1 we h already express$ our belief t a full solution mu/ 9 ! nature ( ?+s lie beyond our k54 ,b if x %\ld appe> f ! =ego+ consid]ations t "s aspects ( our problem--su* z ! exi/5ce ( s9 & ( pa9--are n z irreconcilable ) ! goodness ( ,god z may h seem$ to be ! case1 reflection %\ld lead u to ! reasonable hope t if we und]/ood m1 we %\ld receive full] & full] pro( ( ! tru? t ,god is ,love4 ,& :5 we rememb] t t ,love %9es out mo/ brightly f ! ,cross1 & t ! _w's greate/ trag$y has be5 ! _w's greate/ bless+1 ! turn+-po9t 9 ! hi/ory ( ! race1 we may well hu% our impati5ce1 refra9 ov]-confid5t criticisms1 & commit ourselves to ! ,fa!r's h&s ev5 :ile we c only see ,8 purposes z 9 a glass1 d>kly4 ,we may believe1 ) ! psalmi/ ( old1 t by & by we %all behold ,8 face 9 righte\sness2 we %all be satisfi$1 :5 we awake1 ) ,8 lik5ess4 #a ,r4 ,a4 ,arm/rong1 ,god & ! ,s\l1 pp4 #afa-afb4 #b ,op4 cit41 p4 #ba4 #c ,ibid1 p4 #hb4 #d ,?r\gh ,nature to ,god1 pp4 #cf1 #cg4 #aai ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,! ,,d5ial ,,( ,,evil ,we clos$ our la/ *apt] ) a confession & an appeal--a confession ( ! incomplet5ess ( our answ]s to ! que/ions sugge/$ by ! fact ( evil1 & an appeal = pati5ce 9 recognis+ t t incomplet5ess is inevitable1 hav+ reg>d to our con/itutional limitations4 ,!re is1 z ,newman said1 a c]ta9 grave acquiesc5ce 9 ignorance1 a recognition ( our impot5ce to solve mom5t\s & urg5t que/ions1 :i* has a satisfaction ( its own4 #a ,t1 h[ev]1 is an attitude to :i* all w n resign !mselves4 ,if a knot _c be unravell$1 _! "o idea ( :at to d is to cut x2 if evil _c be expla9$1 x c at any rate be d5i$4 ,?us we f9d a di/+ui%$ liv+ essayi/1 ) a l>ge con/itu5cy ( cultur$ read]s1 writ+ z foll[s3-- ,! ess5ce ( ,god's omnipot5ce is t bo? law & matt] are ,8 & orig9ate f ,him2 s t if a s+le fibre ( :at we "k to be evil c be f\nd 9 ! _w1 ei!r ,god is responsible = t1 or ,he is #abj deal+ ) some?+ ,he did n orig9ate & _c ov]come4 ,no?+ c extricate u f ?is dilemma1 except t :at we ?9k evil is n really evil at all1 b hidd5 good4 ,if ! views ( ,div9e p[] & responsibility set =? 9 ?is book are true--if1 i4e41 we are ju/ifi$ 9 hav+ rec\rse to a !ory ( ,div9e self-limitation--x w be cle> t ,mr4 ,b5son's dilemma is1 to say ! lea/1 ov]/at$2 b 7 t dilemma z desp]ate z he depicts x1 x has /rangely escap$ him t 8 sugge/$ mode ( extrication is m desp]ate /ill4 ,= :at he asks u to d is q simply to abdicate our judgm5t 9 respect ( bo? physical & e?ical ph5om5a--n m]ely to )hold our decision ^u ?is or t p>ticul> occurr5ce1 b to admit 9 g5]al t]ms t evil is only app>5t & n real4 ,b see to :at su* an admission commits u3 if we h no gr\nds = say+ t evil is evil1 we c h no gr\nds ei!r = say+ t good is good2 if our faculties are incompet5t to diagnose ! "o k9d ( ph5om5a accurately1 !y _c be any m compet5t to diagnose & deliv] reliable v]dicts ^u ! o!r k9d4 ,x is q a mi/ake to ?9k t by gett+ rid ( ! reality ( evil we pres]ve or affirm ! m emphatically ! reality ( good2 if we confid5tly pron\nce our exp]i5ce ( evil an illusion1 :at value c !re atta* to our f9d+ t our #aba exp]i5ce ( its opposite is a fact8 ,su* is ! ,nemesis :i* waits on rem$ies ( ! h]oic ord]4 ,nev]!less ?is p>ticul> rem$y seems to be enjoy+ a consid]able popul>ity at ! pres5t "t2 inde$1 9 discuss+ "s aspects ( ! doctr9e :i* affirms ! allness ( ,god1 & ! alli$ "o ( ,monism1 we h already se5 t :]e ^! are pr(ess$1 evil mu/ be explicitly or implicitly d5i$4 ,?is d5ial is common to ! v>i\s confus$ movem5ts--all ( !m ! outcome ( a misconceiv$ idealism--:i* "u ! names ( ,new ,?\ght1 ,high] ,?\ght1 ,joy ,philosophy1 ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce1 etc41 etc41 f9d _! disciples *iefly among/ t n inconsid]able section ( ! public :i* has be5 aptly describ$ z dom9at$ by a long+ to comb9e a picturesque c]ta9ty devoid ( moral discipl9e ) unlimit$ transc5d5tal speculations4 ,all ^! cults comb9e a vague optimism ) an extravagant subjectivity2 all w\ld h u believe t s f> f ?+s be+ :at !y are1 !y are :atev] we may ?9k !m to be2 all ) "o accord treat evil 9 its v>i\s manife/ations z unreal1 & ma9ta91 z x has be5 neatly phras$1 t ! process ( cure lies 9 ! realisation t !re is no?+ to be cur$4 ,! attraction ( su* a doctr9e = t l>ge numb] ( p]sons :o dislike /r5u\s ef=t--ei!r intellectual or #abb moral--is easily acc\nt$ =4 ,evil z a fact is n conducive to ! com=t ( ^? :o contemplate x--h[ pleasant to be told t x exi/s only 9 disord]$ imag9ations2 ! s5se ( s9 has always int]f]$ ) ! enjoym5t ( life--:at a relief to le>n t x is m]ely a *ima]a2 pa9 is griev\s inde$--:at b5efactors are ^? :o tea* u h[ to conjure x away by ! simple process ( decl>+ t !re is no su* ?+6 ,a cre$ promis+ to accompli% su* desirable objects c\ld be sure ( vot>ies1 if proclaim$ ) suffici5t aplomb2 "h1 we may surmise1 is ! ma9 explanation ( ! welcome giv5 to ^? moni/ic e?ics to :i* we ref]r$ 9 an e>li] *apt]1 & ( ! vogue ( s-call$ ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce1 :i* invites consid]ation z ! mo/ typical & important ( a :ole gr\p ( movem5ts4 ,we repeat t ! nature ( ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce appeal l>gely expla9s ! rapid spread ( ?is cult4 ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce is q unlike o!r religions 9 ?is1 t :ile !y promise at mo/ salvation--an intangible boon--,mrs4 ,eddy promises h] foll[]s heal?1 relief f bodily pa9 & sickness1 & ?us addresses h]self to a univ]sally & urg5tly felt want4 ,a m]ely spiritual message may fail to obta9 li/5]s2 b--to /ate ! tru? baldly--a p]son ne$ n be p>ticul>ly spiritually-m9d$ 9 ord] to be drawn t[>ds ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce4 ,! natural man w\ld mu* r #abc be made well ?an made good1 & a cre$ :i* pr(esses to be able to d ! =m] w t\* him 9 8 mo/ s5sitive "p4 ,c]ta9ly1 ?is 0 "o ( ! difficulties ( ,*ri/'s public m9i/ry1 viz41 t ! p flock$ to ,him to be cur$ r ?an to be taught4 ,b :ile ,he decl9$ to place ! emphasis on ,8 works ( heal+--:ile ,he left ,cap]naum by ,himself be=e sunrise 9 ord] to escape ! importunities ( ! mob1 & refus$ ,pet]'s reque/ t ,he %\ld return ?i!r ) ! words1 ,let u g else:]e into ! next t[ns t ,i may prea* !re also2 = to ?is end came ,i =?--,*ri/ian ,sci5ce addresses its sure appeal to man's mat]ial nature4 ,! contra/ is significant4 ,& yet ! true ess5ce ( ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce is n fai?-heal+ 9 ! ord9>y s5se4 ,x does n say1 e4g41 ,"h is a case ( g5u9e1 unmi/akeable rheumatism or consumption1 b fai? is able to dispel x2 on ! contr>y1 x says1 ,?is alleg$ rheumatism or consumption is a m]e illusion1 a phantasm ( ! imag9ation2 & ! way to be cur$ is = ! 'pati5t' to discov] 8 mi/ake4 ,!re are no maladies--!re are only malades imag9aires4 ,mrs4 ,eddy /ates 9 pla9 words t ,mortal ills are b errors ( ?\ght #b2 x is f ?is po9t ( view t ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce z a sy/em has to be approa*$ & und]/ood4 #abd ,) ! fanta/ic exegesis ( ,scripture on :i* ?is cre$ pr(esses to be bas$1 we are n directly conc]n$2 else some?+ might be said ( ! me?od ( int]pretation :i* is to be f\nd 9 ! (ficial text-book ( ! movem5t--a me?od :i* sees 9 ! s]p5t ! symbol ( malici\s animal magnetism1 :i* id5tifies ! ,holy ,gho/ & ! ,new ,j]usalem ) ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce1 & ! little book br\ght d[n f heav5 by ! mighty angel ) ,mrs4 ,eddy's own magnum opus1 ,sci5ce & ,heal?4 ,z ,mr4 ,podmore drily rem>ks1 ,9 ^! holy games ea* play] is at lib]ty to make words mean :at he wants !m to mean2 at ! same "t1 ^! grotesque & arbitr>y con/ructions are n precisely calculat$ to inspire ! confid5ce ( balanc$ m9ds4 ,let u1 h[ev]1 turn at once to ! fundam5tal axioms ( ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce3-- 7#a7 ,god is ,all 9 all4 7#b7 ,god is ,good4 ,good is ,m9d4 7#c7 ,god1 ,_s1 be+ all1 no?+ is matt]4 7#d7 ,life1 ,god1 ,omnipot5t ,good1 d5y dea?1 evil1 s91 disease4 ,9 o!r words1 ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce beg9s--&1 = ! matt] ( t1 ends--) ! categorical /atem5t t ! "o & only ,reality is ,m9d1 ,goodness1 ,god1 all ?ree ( :i* t]ms x uses synonym\sly & int]*angeably4 ,s mu* be+ grant$1 ! re/ foll[s 9 a concat5ation accord+2 ! #abe possible p]mutations are _m--! result is always "o4 ,god is ,all3 h5ce1 says ,mrs4 ,eddy1 ,all is ,god1 & !re is naught beside ,him2 b ,god is ,good1 & z ,he is ,all1 x foll[s t ,all is ,good2 & if all is good1 !re c be no evil4 ,aga91 ,mrs4 ,eddy prop\nds ! foll[+ ?ree propositions3 ,god is ,m9d2 ,good is ,m9d2 ,all is ,m9d2 !re=e1 once m1 all is good1 all is ,god1 & !re c be no evil4 ,or1 to introduce ano!r v>iation--,god is ,all1 & ,god is ,m9d2 !re=e ,m9d is all2 !re=e !re is no matt]4 ,grant ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce premises1 & !re is no escap+ ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce conclusions4 ,b d we grant ^! premises--d we grant ,mrs4 ,eddy's fundam5tal pan!i/ic assumption ( ! allness ( ,god #c8 ,we h %[n aga9 & aga9 :y we d n2 & ) ! rejection ( ! basal t5et ( ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce ! sup]/ructure foll[s4 ,b n[ let u %[ h[ all ,mrs4 ,eddy's juggl+ ) words1 all h] ass]tions ( ! goodness ( all & ! allness ( good1 d n help h] to get rid ( evil4 ,grant+ = argum5t's sake t ,m9d is ! only reality1 !n ! te/ ( reality mu/ be ?is--t some?+ exi/s 9 or = a m9d2 9 s f>1 #abf !n1 z evil1 pa91 & s =? exi/1 z ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce tells u1 only 9 "s m9d--9 s f> z disease is a ?+ ( ?\ght #d--;evil1 pa91 disease1 etc41 mu/ pro tanto be real1 nay1 ! mo/ real ( realities1 = :]e except 9 m9d c\ld !y exi/8 ,& ev5 if we c successfully annihilate !m by d5y+ _! exi/5ce1 :5ce did !y come 9 ! fir/ place8 ,f malici\s animal magnetism8 ,b if ,god is ,all 9 all1 & ,all-good1 :at is t malici\s animal magnetism :i* is someh[ n ,god & n good8 ,does n ?is :ole tangle s]ve yet once m to illu/rate ! futility ( t doctr9e ( ,div9e allness :i* we h se5 successfully masqu]ad+ z ,div9e imman5ce8 ,let u te/ ! wor? ( ^! speculations 9 yet ano!r way4 ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce decl>es evil to be non-exi/5t1 illusory1 an error ( ?\ght4 ,b t :i* is true ( a species mu/ be true ( all its g5]a2 if all m5 are mortal1 & ,socrates is a man1 x foll[s t ,socrates is mortal2 if evil z a :ole is nonexi/5t1 t :i* applies to ! g5]al ph5om5on mu/ equally apply to ea* & all ( its manife/ations4 ,b error is und\bt$ly a =m1 & ev5 a s]i\s =m1 ( evil2 f :i* x w\ld foll[ t if evil is n real1 error is n possible--& 9 t case "o op9ion is z good z its opposite1 & black & :ite are only diff]5t #abg descriptions ( ! same ?+4 ,b if t is s1 if "o ?+ is z true z ano!r1 we %all conclude t1 e4g41 ! rejection ( ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce is no m errone\s ?an its affirmation4 ,w ,*ri/ian ,sci5ti/s acquiesce 9 t inf]5ce8 ,& if !y w n1 by :at means d !y propose to %[ t x is n a legitimate d$uction f _! own axiom1 ! unreality ( evil8 ,if error is a real fact1 evil mu/ be s to t ext5t2 on ! o!r h&1 h[ c x be an error to believe t evil is real1 if error1 be+ an evil1 mu/ itself be illusory8 ,b x is "t we turn$ f our exam9ation ( ! pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce to _! application4 ,s f> z ! :olesale decl>ation ( ! illusor9ess ( physical evil--! ravages & tortures ( disease--is conc]n$1 ! implicit belief ext5d$ to ! pret5sions ( ?is cre$ to ma/] all su* ills is pro(1 if pro( 7 want$1 ( ! success :i* rew>ds ^? :o act on ! maxim1 de l'audace1 t\j\rs de l'audace6 ,giv5 ! "r k9d & am\nt ( fai?1 we are assur$1 ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce treatm5t w prove effective 9 a case ( d\ble pneumonia1 or comp\nd fracture1 or malignant tum\r1 )\t ! assi/ance ( ! physician--above all1 )\t drugs1 :i* are pron\nc$ taboo by ,mrs4 ,eddy2 & t1 to quote ,mr4 ,podmore aga91 is a po/ulate :i* c nev] be contradict$ by exp]i5ce1 = failure c always be #abh ascrib$--z x is1 9 fact1 ascrib$ by ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ti/ to-day--to want ( fai? or ',sci5ce' on ! "p ( ! suff]]4 ,no?+ c\ld be m entirely simple or unansw]able3 if ! pati5t improves or recov]s1 ! cr$it goes to ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce2 if he gets worse or dies1 ! un=tunate result is debit$ to 8 lack ( fai?4 ,! only ?+ ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce fails to answ] is1 z we h already se51 ! prelim9>y "q1 viz41 :at caus$ ! disease--or at any rate ! semblance1 ! malignant halluc9ation ( disease--9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,if ,god is all & all is ,god2 if ,god is ,m9d & !re is no?+ b ,m9d2 if all !re=e is m9d & all is good--:5ce 9 a good ,m9d comes ev5 ! halluc9ation ( pa9 & evil8 ,! ?\ghts ( ! practition]1 says ,mrs4 ,eddy1 %\ld be imbu$ ) a cle> conviction ( ! omnipot5ce & omnipres5ce ( ,god2 4 4 4 & h5ce1 t :atev] militates aga9/ heal? 4 4 4 is an unju/ usurp] ( ! ?rone ( ! ,controll] ( all mank9d4 #e ,b if ,god is omnipres5t1 ,8 pres5ce mu/ be display$ 9 ! disease2 if ,he is omnipot5t1 h[ c !re be a usurp] on ,8 ?rone8 ,if ,he is ,all1 h[ c !re be aught beside ,him8 ,^! are po9ts on :i* we wait 9 va9 = enlight5m5t f ! ,bo/on my/]i>*4 #abi ,we %all be told1 h[ev]1 t :atev] flaws !re may be 9 ! !ory ( ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce1 ?is cult c\ld n possibly h obta9$ its vogue if x 7 all promise & no p]=mance2 & z a matt] ( fact1 te/imonies to ! curative effect ( ! treatm5t ab\nd1 furni%$ by ^? :o say !y h be5 re/or$ to heal? by ^! me?ods1 & z conv9c+ z su* te/imony c be4 ,we use ! latt] phrase advis$ly2 x is impossible to read ^! docum5ts )\t be+ conv9c$ ( ! entire good fai? ( ! writ]s 9 relat+ :at !y !mselves believe to be true2 x is impossible n to be conv9c$ by ! p]usal ( _! acc\nts t cures ( "s sort took place3 ! "o ?+ ( :i* x is possible to rema9 q unconv9c$ is ! fundam5tal cont5tion ( ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce1 viz41 t !re 0 no disease to be cur$4 ,speak+ q g5]ally1 if "o is go+ to be impress$ by te/imonials !re is ( c\rse1 no pat5t pill ( respectable adv]tis+ p[] :i* _c produce su* by ! wa/epap]-basketful2 & p]fectly s9c]e & unsolicit$ te/imonials1 too4 ,:at ^! prove1 h[ev]1 is nei!r t ! pati5ts h be5 cur$ ( ! p>ticul> diseases !y may "n--& 9 ! diagnosis ( :i* !y may v likely be mi/ak5--nor above all t x is ! tak+ ( a p>ticul> prep>ation to :i* !y owe _! cures2 !y prove ! enorm\s p[] ( sugge/ion & auto-sugge/ion1 9 #acj virtue ( :i* _m ailm5ts yield to ! pati5t's firm assurance t by foll[+ a c]ta9 c\rse he w get bett]4 ,ev]yone kn[s t a mann] :i* inspires confid5ce1 a happy bl5d ( *e]fulness & suave au?ority1 is ( at lea/ equal value to a physician z 8 skill & diplomas2 & x is probably true1 approximately at any rate1 t a man c no m be cur$ ( a s]i\s illness unless he believes 9 8 curability1 ?an he c be hypnotis$ aga9/ 8 w4 ,b betwe5 ! recognition ( su* a fact1 & ! description ( a canc] z an ob/9ate illusion1 or a cru%$ limb z an error ( ?\ght1 !re is j ! diff]5ce :i* sep>ates sanity f extravaganza4 ,9 %ort1 t :i* is ( tru? 9 ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce is n peculi> to x2 :ile :at is peculi> to its tea*+1 ! d5ial ( ! reality ( %att]$ legs1 wa/$ lungs1 diseas$ sp9es1 etc41 is n true4 ,! p[] ( m9d ov] body1 ! possibility ( heal+ c]ta9 diseases by sugge/ion1 is n ! discov]y ( ,mrs4 ,eddy2 ! assumption on ! o!r h&1 t all diseases are susceptible to su* treatm5t is *>act]i/ic ( ! s*ool ( :i* %e is ! late/ & be/-kn[n repres5tative--only x is false4 ,all physicians ( broad practice & ke5 obs]vation realise t c]ta9 pa9s may be alleviat$ or cur$1 & t c]ta9 morbid conditions may be made to disappe>1 provid$ a *ange 9 ! m5tal #aca /ate ( ! pati5t c be br\ght ab\t4 4 4 4 ,x does n require special le>n+ to build up a psy*o!rapeutic practice bas$ ^u ! obs]vation ( su* cases2 & ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce heal]s1 n>r[ly educat$ & ( n>r[ exp]i5ce1 h done j ?is ?+1 re/+ ^u ! !ory t ! m5tal influ5ce ( ! heal] is ! effective curative ag5t4 ,x is easy to see h[ a developm5t ( ?is !ory w\ld lead to ! assumption t all k9ds ( diseases may be curable by m5tal influ5ce emanat+ f a heal]1 ?is lead+ to ! practice ( ! s-call$ 'abs5t-treatm5t1' ) all its follies & dang]s4 #f ,:5 x is add$ t ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce heal] is a pr(essional p]son1 & t ! co/ ( abs5t-treatm5t may come to z mu* z t5 doll>s an h\r1 we ne$ say no m ab\t ! dang]s allud$ to4#g ,t ! quasi-religi\s =mulas ( ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce may prove extremely effective 9 br++ ab\t su* a *ange 9 ! m5tal /ate ( c]ta9 pati5ts z w cause pa9s #acb to be alleviat$ or cur$1 & morbid conditions to disappe>1 "o ne$ h no hesitation 9 believ+2 moreov]1 z ! m$ical au?or j quot$ acutely obs]ves1 x is q possible t "s pati5ts w\ld n be cur$ unless !y 7 all[$ to believe t _! cures are due to "s my/]i\s or miracul\s ag5cy4 ,b ev5 su* an admission does n mean t ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce does m ?an apply ! pr9ciple ( sugge/ion1 increas+ its efficacy by utilis+ ! religi\s faculty ( ! pati5t2 nor1 above all1 does x give c\nt5ance to ! root-cont5tion ( ! cre$1 viz41 t pa9 & disease are unreal4 ,once m1 if m9d be ! only reality1 !n pa91 see+ t x c only be exp]i5c$ by a m9d1 is real 9 exact proportion z x is int5se4 ,x might seem unnecess>y to add any?+ m to :at has be5 said 9 refutation ( ! claims ( ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce s f> z physical heal+ is conc]n$2 b "o or two v simple consid]ations w complete our case )\t greatly deta9+ u4 ,9 /at+ categorically & )\t qualification t mortal ills are b errors ( ?\ght1 ,mrs4 ,eddy seems to h ov]look$ two classes ( pati5ts to :om x w\ld be some:at difficult to apply ?is sweep+ g5]alisation4 ,we wond]1 = in/ance1 h[ ?is !ory c\ld be made to cov] ! l>ge category ( infantile ailm5ts4 ,h[1 we are #acc entitl$ to ask1 w\ld ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce deal ) ! tee?+-tr\bles :i* att5d babyhood8 ,is x s]i\sly sugge/$ t a fev]i%1 wail+ *ild is m]ely ! victim ( an halluc9ation--& h[ w\ld ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ti/ und]take to conv9ce him ( 8 illusion8 ,on ! face ( x1 su* an ent]prise does n look hopeful4 ,b fur!r1 x s happ5s t human be+s are n ! only suff]]s f pa9 & sickness2 animals are subject to diseases1 & (t5 to ! same diseases z m54 ,we disclaim all int5tion ( treat+ ! subject o!rwise ?an s]i\sly--b if a man's rheumatism is an illusion1 :at causes ! same affection 9 a dog or a *impanzee8 ,& if an embrocation may be us$ ) good effects 9 ! latt] case1 :y may x n be us$ 9 ! =m]8 ,we ne$ n press ^! que/ions2 !y w s]ve z !y /& to %[ once m h[ ?is :ole pret5ti\s philosophy ab\t ! unreality1 ! imag9>y nature1 ( pa9 breaks d[n z soon z we subject x to simple te/s4 ,s also ) ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce attitude t[>ds drugs1 ! prescrib+ ( :i* ,mrs4 ,eddy places 9 ! same category z ! d5ial ( ,god4#h ,an obvi\s comm5t sugge/s itself3 ,if drugs _c cure1 x foll[s t !y _c hurt2 w "s adh]5t to ?is tea*+ %[ 8 consi/5cy 9 ! fai? by swall[+ a small1 b suffici5t quantity #acd ( oxalic acid8 ,& s1 f9ally1 ) ,mrs4 ,eddy's s+ul>ly futile "q1 ,z p[] div9e is 9 ! heal]1 :y %\ld mortals conc]n !mselves ) ! *emi/ry ( food8 #i ,)\t unk9dl9ess1 "o feels tempt$ to reply t ?is k9d ( language w beg9 to be conv9c+ :5 ,*ri/ian ,sci5ti/s %[ _! read9ess & ability to su/a9 life on sub/ances *emically c]tifi$ to be )\t nutritive prop]ties4 ,b x is n its d5ial ( physical evil t makes ?is & alli$ movem5ts a real m5ace2 diss5t z we may f ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce !ory ( bodily illness1 & deplore z we mu/ ! fatal results ( :i* we read e n[ & aga9 :5 a pati5t has be5 p]suad$ to sub/itute ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce heal] = ! tra9$ physician--^! results conc]n1 to put x r bluntly1 no "o b ! suff]] & 8 imm$iate fri5ds4 ,b :5 we rem>k$ t ! natural man desir$ to be made well r ?an to be made good1 we 7 n m]ely ?9k+ ( "o side ( ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce tea*+2 we 7 be>+ 9 m9d t ! au?or ( ,sci5ce & ,heal? decl>es ! illusor9ess ( pa9 only z "p ( ! illusor9ess ( all evil1 moral z well z physical4 ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce explicitly d5ies ! reality ( s93 & t d5ial foll[s ) inexorable logic f its fir/ pr9ciple--t #ace ,god is ,all1 & ,all is ,good4 ,& "h r ?an 9 ! mat]ial doma9 lies ! dang] we h to face2 ?is is ! side ( ,mrs4 ,eddy's doctr9e :i*1 ! mom5t x is attractively pres5t$ to1 & grasp$ by1 half-educat$ & un/able m9ds1 w1 we fe>1 ex]cise a fatal fasc9ation ov] l>ge numb]s4 ,= "o p]son :o w s]i\sly p]suade himself t !re is no matt]1 or t 8 sore ?roat is imag9>y1 !re w be a numb] to welcome ! good tid+s t :at !y _h hi!rto reg>d$ z s9 we>s 9 reality no su* s9i/] complexion--t1 z ,mrs4 ,eddy op5ly /ates1 :at seems vice is to be expla9$ z illusions ( ! physical s5ses4 ,t is precisely :at e s9n] w\ld l to believe4 ,i h done t1 says my memory4 ,i _c h done t1 says my pride1 & rema9s obdurate4 ,9 ! end1 my memory gives 94 ,s wrote ,nietzs*e1 ke5ly & cynically obs]vant ( 8 k9d4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 m5 w\ld give almo/ any?+ to be able to conv9ce !mselves t !y h n done t--n necess>ily f pride1 b 9 ord] to be rid ( %ame1 ( remorse1 ( self-contempt2 w n _m ( !m only too eag]ly accept ?is fatal anodyne :5 x is (f]$ to !m 9 ! pret5d$ "n ( religion8 ,we h b "o comm5t to urge1 "o prote/ to make4 ,x has tak5 long ages to develop & height5 man's s5sitiv5ess to #acf ! di/9ction betwe5 good & evil2 we say ) ! mo/ solemn emphasis t any?+ calculat$ to dull t s5sitiv5ess1 to wipe out t di/9ction1 to drug ! consci5ce1 is no?+ less ?an a crime ( high treason aga9/ humanity4 ,bett] call evil an unfa?omable my/]y1 s long z we also reg>d x z a dread reality1 a foe we mu/ conqu] or be conqu]$ by2 b to solve ! problem by d5y+ its exi/5ce1 to get ov] ! fact ( evil by decl>+ t all is good--t way n only madness b moral disa/] lies4 ,let u at lea/ und]/& :at ?is doctr9e is1 :i* is be+ s en]getically press$ ^u u to-day2 & if we see ! direction 9 :i* t ill-dige/$ pseudo-revelation is likely to lead ^? :o consi/5tly accept x1 let u meet ?is insidi\s propag&a ) equal en]gy & bett] argum5ts4 ,our fir/ & simple/ duty 9 deal+ ) ! speci\s doctr9e :i* ass]ts t evil is n-be+--a m]e illusion :i*1 l ! idols spok5 ( by ! ,apo/le1 is no?+ 9 ! _w--is to po9t out promptly & uncompromis+ly t :atev] su* a read+ ( ! facts may be1 & f :atev] qu>t] x may be (f]$1 x is n ,*ri/ian1 b at ! fur!/ remove f ,*ri/ianity4 ,%all we be told t ! "q is n :e!r ^! op9ions are dang]\s1 b :e!r !y are true8 ,we reply t we are well aw>e t tru? is ! highe/ exp$i5cy2 b we are n #acg acqua9t$ ) any o!r te/ ( ! tru? ( an op9ion save ?is--:e!r & h[ x works4 ,if a speculative !ory1 :5 c>ri$ into practice1 %\ld appe> to make /raight = p]nici\s results1 9 :at intelligible s5se ( ! ^w c x be true8 ,x is ! imm5se m]it ( ,*ri/ianity t x has spok5 out ) no unc]ta9 voice ^u ?is subject2 x has nev] s\ght to m9imise or expla9 away ! fact ( moral evil2 on ! contr>y1 x has consi/5tly po9t$ to ! true nature ( s91 by connect+ x vitally & causally ) ! sacrificial dea? ( ! ,son ( ,god3 tanta molis erat 7if we may slightly v>y ! immortal l9e7 humanam solv]e g5tem4 ,a gospel :i* lightly dismisses ?is t]rible reality1 & seeks to hide its hide\sness beh9d a rose-col\r$ mi/ ( f9e words1--su* an emasculat$ gospel is n a message ( life1 b has ! answ] ( dea? )9 itself4 ,t 9 ! pa/1 9 a doctr9e su* z t ( man's total depravity1 ! fact ( s9 has be5 ov]-emphasis$1 may be readily grant$2 b 9 ! pres5t all ! symptoms indicate t ! p]il we h to meet is its "u-emphasis4 ,aga9/ ?is :ole t5d5cy we mu/ resolutely re-ass]t ! ,*ri/ian /&po9t & attitude4 ,*ri/ianity is t religion :i* affirms 9 unfalt]+ acc5ts ! reality ( evil--b x sets ov] aga9/ x ! great] ,reality ( aton+ ,love2 x proclaims unsp>+ly ! s9fulness & deadl9ess #ach ( s91 b (f]s u ! victory ov] s9 & dea? ?r\gh ,jesus ,*ri/ our ,"l4 ,o ,timo!us1 gu>d y\r tru/1 & es*ew ! irrev]5t empty phrases & contradictions ( a mis-call$ ',sci5ce1' pr(ess+ :i* "s h miss$ _! true aim 9 reg>d to ! fai?4 ,,note4 ,9 ord] to af=d an illu/ration ( ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce z a ?+ 9 be+1 we reproduce )\t comm5t ! foll[+ report ( an inque/1 z publi%$ 9 ! ,tribune1 on ,janu>y #i?1 #aijh3-- ,rem>kable que/ions 7 put by ! coron] to witnesses at a ,ri*mond 7,surrey7 inque/ ye/]day on ,m>y ,elizabe? ,dixon1 #eh1 a ,*ri/ian ,sci5ti/1 :o di$ ( bron*itis4 ,mrs4 ,e4 ,d41 ( ,/4 ,john's ,road1 said t at ! reque/ ( ,mrs4 ,dixon %e gave h] ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce help--pray] :i* %e _h fai? w\ld be answ]$4 ,! ,coron] 7,dr4 ,mi*ael ,taylor73 ,0 x8--,%e 0 9 a /ate ( collapse on ,saturday night1 b reviv$ mu*4 ,:5 ,mrs4 ,dixon _h a cold previ\sly x improv$ wond]fully "u ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce4 ,!n ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce is effectual if n mu* is ! matt]1 b is n 9 ! case ( a s]i\s illness8--,i don't ?9k %e want$ to get bett]4 ,is t ! way y look at x8--,no1 ,i don't4 ,i "k ,god is all-p[] & ev] pres5t4 ,b if ,god is all-p[]ful1 z y say1 & z we all "k1 :y did y h no response8--,i suppose x 0 my lack ( tru/ 9 t all-p[]4 #aci ,x comes to ?is1 t al?\gh ,he is all-p[]ful1 unless ! p]son pray+ = ano!r has p]fect fai? ! pati5t w n recov]8--,no?+ is impossible to ,god4 ,! doctor 0 call$ 9 because x 0 ! law4 ,!n x 0 too late4 ,x 0 z mu* ! law to h call$ him 9 :5 ! woman 0 alive4 ,:at is ! practice ) reg>d to illness8--,x is pray]4 ,if y _h a brok5 leg1 w\ld y s5d = a doctor8--,yes1 to set x4 ,i h n suffici5t und]/&+4 ,cont9u+1 witness said %e did n believe 9 drugs1 b %e did 9 food at pres5t1 because h] und]/&+ 0 n suffici5t1 z %e 0 only a /ud5t4 ,by a ,juror3 ,! reason ,mrs4 ,dixon got worse 0 because ( lack ( und]/&+ on witness's "p4 ,! ,coron]3 ,:5 %e got worse1 :y did y n s5d = a doctor8--,i ask$ h] if %e want$ a doctor to tell me4 ,yet %e 0 gett+ worse ow+ to y\r lack ( und]/&+8--,i didn't look at x 9 t light4 ,b4 ,h41 :o att5d$ ,mrs4 ,dixon1 said %e 0 a tra9$ nurse ) n9e ye>s' exp]i5ce4 ,witness _h1 dur+ ! pa/ two ye>s1 become a ,*ri/ian ,sci5ti/ nurse4 ,%e 0 n a practition]4 ,! ,coron]3 ,has a practition] any special qualifications8--,no1 a practition] is "o :o prays = ano!r4 ,! ,coron]3 ,w\ld y give a pati5t a mu/>d p\ltice8--,no4 ,b y w\ld give h] a hot-wat] bottle8--,yes4 ,!n :]e d y draw ! l9e8 ,y don't believe 9 mat]ial aid8--,no1 ,i believe ! o!r is bett]4 ,d y believe 9 a judici\s cont9uation ( bo?8--,no4 ,did y give h] beef tea8--,yes1 z a n\ri%m5t4 ,b1 nurse1 y ought to "k :at e m$ical man kn[s1 t beef tea is a /imulant4 ,d y believe 9 /imulants8--,n at all4 #adj ,!n :y did y give h] beef tea8--7,aft] a pause7 ,x 0 simpl] to get4 ,b x is contr>y to y\r pr9ciples4 ,w\ld y give sal volatile8--,no4 ,witness expla9$ t %e call$ 9 no o!r help because %e believ$ pray] 0 ! mo/ effectual4 ,:y didn't y call 9 a doctor8--,i ?9k ! pati5t %\ld judge = h]self4 ,ev5 ?\gh h] bra9 is cl\d$ & %e is dy+8--,yes4 ,on ano!r po9t ! ,coron] said3 ,did our ,savi\r use food & /imulants8--,he gave w9e4 ,:y don't y give w9e8--,he did n give x 9 illness1 b at a m>riage fea/4 ,y want u to believe ,he gave w9e to p :o c\ld d )\t & )held x f ^? :o want$ x4 ,ask$ a "q z to call+ 9 a doctor = surg]y purposes1 witness said he w\ld only be call$ 9 = sett+ bones & n = an op]ation4 ,! ,coron]3 ,x am\nts to ?is3 y believe ! ,almighty is a bad surgeon1 b a good physician8--,our fai? is n yet /rong en\gh4 ,dr4 ,cockell depos$ t dea? 0 due to acute bron*itis4 ,w\ld %e h recov]$ ) m$ical att5dance = a week be=e8--,yes4 ,! ,coron]1 9 summ+ up1 said !re 0 no d\bt ,mrs4 ,dixon 0 grossly neglect$4 ,! jury return$ a v]dict ( ,dea? f acute bron*itis1 accel]at$ by gross neglect by ,mrs4 ,d4 & especially by ,nurse ,h4 ,! ,coron]3 ,i am afraid t w mean manslaught]1 :i* w\ld be too sev]e4 ,w y alt] x1 g5tlem58 ,! jury !n alt]$ ! v]dict to "o ( sev]e c5sure on ,mrs4 ,d4 & ,miss ,h4 = neglect+ to obta9 m$ical aid4 #a ,! ,gramm> ( ,ass5t1 p4 #bja4 #b ,rudim5tal ,div9e ,sci5ce1 p4 #aj4 #c ,op4 cit41 p4 #aj4 ,mrs4 ,eddy is s incr$ibly ignorant ( ! mean+ ( words 9 common use t %e says1 ,m9d 9 matt] is pan!ism4 ,x has app>5tly nev] dawn$ on h] t h] own doctr9e1 ,god is ,all--,all is ,god is pan!ism pure & simple6 #d ,ibid4 #e ,op4 cit41 p4 #i4 #f ,dr4 ,h5ry ,rutg]s ,m>%all1 on ,psy*o!rapeutics1 9 ! ,hibb]t ,j\rnal1 ,janu>y1 #aiji4 #g ,! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce heal] is suppos$ to h _h 8 or h] p[]s tra9$ by special tuition1 = :i*1 9 ! ord9>y c\rse1 a fee is *>g$4 ,mrs4 ,eddy /ates t %e has nev] taught a ,prim>y class )\t sev]al & sometimes sev5te5 free /ud5ts 9 x1 b adds significantly ,! /ud5t :o pays mu/1 ( necessity1 d bett] ?an he :o does n pay 7op4 cit41 p4 #ad74 ,! necessity is n q obvi\s1 b ! /atem5t sets "o wond]+ :e!r x w\ld hold true if = /ud5t ! ^w pati5t 7 sub/itut$4 #h ,op4 cit41 p4 #c4 #i ,ibid41 p4 #ac4 #ada ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,det]m9ism ,! "u-emphasis ( s91 we said1 is "o ( ! special dang]s :i* ?reat5 ! pres5t age2 & no?+ is m rem>kable or disquiet+ to obs]ve ?an ! numb] ( attacks t are be+ made to-day f qu>t] aft] qu>t]1 all ( !m conv]g+ ^u ! same po9t4 ,n[ ! cry is rais$ t s9 is a m]e mi/ake1 due to ignorance2 or t x is m]ely ! abs5ce ( some?+1 z a %ad[ indicates ! abs5ce ( light#a2 or we are assur$ t :at we call 'evil' is only incid5tal to ! progress & developm5t ( ! univ]sal ord] #b--;a necess>y /ep 9 evolution4 ,n[ aga9 ! burd5 ( responsibility is %ift$ f ! %\ld]s ( ! individual on to h]$ity & environm5t2 or compromise ) :at is kn[n to be moral evil is n only excus$ z a necessity1 b comm5d$ z a duty2 or ! av]age p]son's feel+s are consid]ately soo!d by #adb ! pron\ncem5t t ! mass ( a ,*ri/ian congregation are ab\t z innoc5t z m5 & wom5 c well be 9 a _w :]e natural temptations are s rife1 & s _m social adju/m5ts disc\nt5ance h]oic sa9tl9ess #c--! latt] a truly admirable feat ( circumlocution4 ,& sometimes1 z we h se51 s9 & evil are !mselves 9 ess5ce negat$--g5]ally 9 virtue ( "s pseudo-philosophic or pseudo-sci5tific doctr9e ( a univ]se--z :5 we read t 9 a univ]se 4 4 4 !re _c be any room = indep5d5t & creative wills1 actually ?w>t+ ! ,good ,w4 #d ,d\btless1 ^! v>i\s /atem5ts1 :e!r made 9 ! "n ( ,monism or ,det]m9ism1 or "s =m ( neo-,*ri/ianity1 repres5t a reaction aga9/ t ov]-emphasis :i* taught t man 0 by nature "u ,god's wra? & des]v+ ( ev]la/+ torm5ts2 b !re c be no "q t ?is reaction has gone v f> 9 ! direction ( ! opposite extreme1 & t ! "t has come = reconsid]ation & a return to m balanc$ views4 ,s f> z ! virtual d5ial ( human fre$om1 human s91 & inde$ ( human selfhood1 #adc fl[s f a p]v]sion ( ! doctr9e ( ,div9e imman5ce1 we ne$ n add any?+ to ! obs]vations made 9 e>li] *apt]s ^u ?is subject2 we might1 h[ev]1 quote "s p]t95t words ( ,m>t9eau's1 affirm+ & expla9+ t di/9ction betwe5 ! ,div9e & human p]sonality :i* c only be ignor$ to ! hopeless confusion ( ?\ght3 ,! :ole ext]nal univ]se1 !n 7ext]nal1 ,i mean1 to self-consci\s be+s71 we unres]v$ly surr5d] to ! ,indwell+ ,w1 ( :i* x is ! organis$ expression4 ,f no po9t ( its space1 f no mom5t ( its "t1 is ,8 liv+ en]gy )drawn1 or less int5sely pres5t ?an 9 any crisis fitly call$ creative4 ,b ! v same pr9ciple :i* e/abli%es a ,unity ( all ext]nal causality makes x anti!tic to ! int]nal1 & e/abli%es a ,duality betwe5 our own & t :i* is o!r ?an ours2 s t1 7 n our p]sonal p[] kn[n to u z "o1 ! cosmical p[] w\ld n be gu>ante$ to u z ! o!r4 ,"h1 !re=e1 at ! b\nd>y ( ! prop] ,ego1 ! absorb+ claim ( ! ,supreme w arre/s itself1 & recognises a gr\nd on :i* x does n mean to /ep4 ,did x /ill press on & annex ?is field also1 x w\ld simply aboli% ! v base ( its own recognisable exi/5ce1 &1 9 mak+ itself all 9 all1 w\ld vani% totally f view4 4 4 ,are we1 !n1 to f9d ,him 9 ! sun%9e & ! ra91 & to miss ,him 9 our ?\ght1 our duty & our love8 ,f> f x2 ,he is ) u 9 bo?3 only 9 ! =m] x is ,8 imman5t life1 9 ! latt] ,8 transc5d5t1 ) :i* we are 9 communion4 #e ,only :]e ?is fundam5tal pr9ciple ( ! non-id5tity ( ,god & man is recognis$1 c ! facts ( human p]sonality1 #add fre$om & responsibility = will$ acts be rationally bas$ & def5d$4 ,at ! same "t ?is o!rness ( ,god1 :ile x is ! condition1 is n necess>ily ! gu>antee1 ( our fre$om4 ,det]m9ism is q compatible1 9 !ory1 & has be5 s f\nd 9 hi/ory1 ) belief 9 ! ,div9e transc5d5ce2 b x is sc>cely compatible ) belief 9 ! ,div9e goodness4 ,!re is no a priori reason mak+ x inconceivable t ! doctr9e ( absolute pr$e/9ation might be true2 b su* a doctr9e is n reconcilable ) ! belief t ! ,et]nal ,o!r is also ! ,et]nal ,fa!r4 ,! ,div9e ,autocrat ( ,calv9ism1 :o pre-orda9$ "s ( ,8 creatures to et]nal damnation--n = any dem]it ( !irs1 b j *oos+ s--is n un?9kable2 :at is un?9kable is t we c\ld love su* a ,"o--a ,god :o _h pr$e/9$ all human s9 & woe1 :o _h =e-ord]$ ?+s 9 su* a mann] t unnumb]$ hapless s\ls 7 doom$ ev]more to /umble & to suff]4 ,su* a ,god might inspire a %udd]+1 wond]+1 abject awe1 b nev] affection4 ,only a good ,god1 aim+ at ! evolution ( goodness1 ! mak+ ( "*1 c\ld h end[$ u ) fre$om1 = only ?r\gh su* an end[m5t c su* an aim be realis$4 ,& h5ce !re are p]haps few attitudes s entirely irrational z t :i* affects to see 9 a det]m9i/ int]pretation ( man's #ade nature a special reason = optimism4 ,occasionally "o is invit$ to rejoice 9 ! great & glori\s ?\ght t e man is :olly a product ( ! ,ma/] ,workman2 x is ev5 urg$ t su* a conception _c *ange our appreciation ( :at is f9e 9 human ?\ght & action1 j z we d n admire a rose ! less because we "k t x c\ld no m help be+ :at x is ?an c\ld a /++ nettle or a fungus4 ,we c only say t su* a sup]ficial optimism seems inf9itely m op5 to objection ?an ! temp] :i*1 9 ! face ( s mu* suff]+ & s91 has to /ruggle h>d sometimes to pres]ve its fai? 9 ! ,fa!r's love1 & half-wond]s if "s p]sonal p[] ( evil is n actively engag$ 9 m>r+ ,god's workman%ip4 ,anyone :o c believe t e man1 j z he is1 repres5ts ! ,div9e int5tion 9 concrete =m--anyone :o c believe ?is1 & glory 9 ! ?\ght--mu/ inhabit a /range _w1 remote f reality4 ,he c nev] h le>n$ any?+ ( ! gre$ :i* condemns myriads ( human be+s to sunless & degrad$ lives2 he c nev] h be5 inside a police-c\rt2 he c nev] h se5 hapless womanhood flaunt+ its be-r\g$ & be-ribbon$ %ame "u ! electric light ( ,we/ ,end ?or\ghf>es--he c nev] ev5 h reflect$ ^u any ( ^! ?+s1 & rejoic$ 9 ! ?\ght t e human be+ 0 :olly ! #adf product ( ! ,ma/] ,workman4 ,if su* a ?\ght does n produce some?+ l despair1 x ought to d s2 if x does n1 !n x repres5ts n a conviction b a pose4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! det]m9i/ cre$1 ) all its pr(essions ( *>itabl5ess t[>ds ! transgressor1 & :ile pret5d+ to soo! u by absolv+ u f responsibility = wrong-do+1 fatally p>alyses our endeav\rs4 ,x is a message1 n ( lib]ation f guilt1 b ( despair4 ,*ri/ianity1 ev5 :ile condemn+ s91 9 its v condemnation speaks ( hope2 x says to ! s9n]3 ,y are guilty--y ought to h done bett]1 & y "k x2 y are guilty--y ought /ill to d bett]1 & y c4 ,t is a r\s+1 vitalis+ call3 ! v c5sure implies ! possibility ( bett] ?+s4 ,b ,det]m9ism says to ! moral wreck3 ,n only are y a wreck1 b t is all y ev] c\ld h be52 y n only _c help be+ :at y are1 b 9 y\r wret*$ness & degradation y are :at y c\ld n help be+--?is 0 y\r pre-orda9$ de/9y f ! beg9n+ ( "t4 ,we are n angry ) y1 any m ?an we are angry ) tig]s = be+ fi]ce1 or ) ?orns = n be>+ grapes2 only1 be+ :at y are1 y nev] c\ld h borne1 & nev] w be>1 grapes4 ,truly a great & glori\s ?\ght6 ,det]m9ism makes ( ! :ole _w ( err+ m5 a hospital1 & pron\nces #adg e pati5t an incurable--x is ready to grant k9dly1 consid]ate treatm5t to ea*1 b holds out hopes ( recov]y to none4 ,:o w\ld n r submit to a /]n] physician1 ^: m9i/rations promis$ to m$ic9e him back to heal? aga96 ,a consi/5t ,det]m9ism1 prep>$ to look /$fa/ly at ?+s z !y are1 c1 we repeat1 lead n[h]e b to despair2 a conclusion f :i* det]m9i/s1 =tunately = !mselves1 escape by means ( ! mo/ pat5t inconsi/5cy4 ,b we turn to ! fur!r cont5tion :i* we already m5tion$ 9 pass+1 viz41 t ! acceptance ( ,det]m9ism w\ld by no means *ange our admiration ( :at 0 f9e 9 human ?\ght & action--j z we did n admire a rose ! less because x c\ld n help be+ fragrant & beautiful4 ,"h we h a v palpable1 b all ! m significant confusion betwe5 ?+s totally diff]5t--ae/hetics & e?ics4 ,our admiration = a rose is ae/hetic2 our admiration = goodness is e?ical1 & we give x ) ! implicit und]/&+ t ! quality we admire is ! result ( volunt>y acts & decisions4 ,all moral judgm5ts imply ?is2 & 9 practice we "k t ! exp]i5ce ( moral /ruggle & moral conque/ is int5sely real1 n to be argu$ away any m ?an we c be argu$ out ( any o!r prim>y fact ( consci\sness1 :i* is its own suffici5t evid5ce4 ,let anyone ask himself q #adh c&idly :e!r ! feel+ call$ =? by "s r>e "w ( art resembles remotely ! emotion ) :i* he reads ( "s de$ ( humble h]oism or self-sacrifice2 ! psy*ology :i* disc]ns "h no diff]5ce is s+ul>ly %all[4 ,b :5 ! w\ld-be optimi/ic det]m9i/ is %[n ! %e] fatuity ( pret5d+ to rejoice 9 t ev]y?+ is j z x is--a s+ul> complim5t to ! ,ma/] ,workman--he executes a volte-face & falls back ^u ! plea t 8 doctr9e is at any rate a pre-em95tly practical "o4 ,in/ead ( va9ly deplor+ imag9>y s9s1 ,det]m9ism w\ld simply h u recognise pla9 facts3 x w\ld arrange = heal?y h]$it>y influ5ces to cradle ! com+ g5]ations2 x w\ld adopt ! mo/ enlight5$ educational1 hygi5ic1 re=matory me?ods2 x w\ld provide = all ! citiz5s ( ! ,/ate su* an environm5t z w\ld /eadily make = heal? & beauty & happ9ess4 ,!re are no s9n]s1 x says1 b only ! unhappy products ( conditions :i* fo/] anti-social proclivities z automatically z dirt fo/]s disease2 in/ead ( puni%+ ! products1 let u attack ! produc+ conditions1 & by sweep+ !m away br+ 9 ! mill5nium4 ,su* a plea1 x mu/ be admitt$1 h>monises well ) our mod]n tol]ance1 our mod]n zeal = re=m2 & yet x re/s ^u a fundam5tal fallacy4 ,no "o1 ( c\rse1 d5ies ! #adi m\ld+ p[] ( h]$ity & environm5t2 no "o d5ies su* an obvi\s truism z t we _c expect to gr[ f9e specim5s ( humanity 9 ! reek+ slum or ! sweat]'s work%op4 ,b z environm5t is a great] p[] ?an h]$ity1 s !re is only "o p[] great] ?an environm5t--& t is our p[] to alt] environm5t4 ,b t1 prote/s ! det]m9i/1 is j :at we hold ought to be done4 ,c]ta9ly2 only x is j :at1 on 8 presupposition1 _c be done4 ,= if ! slum-dwell] _c help be+ :at he is1 ow+ to 8 environm5t1 nei!r c ! slum-own]1 or ! legislator1 or ! community1 help be+ :at !y are1 ow+ to ! self-same cause4 ,9 fact1 we _c get ! ^w ought f ,det]m9ism2 x is z mu* out ( place 9 t connection z a free work] 9 a slave-comp\nd4 ,b e re=m spr+s f a s5se ( oughtness2 & ! s5se ( moral obligation is itself ! spontane\s expression ( ! consci\sness ( moral fre$om4 ,s f> z we believe 9 ! duty ( re=m--or 9 duty itself1 sans phrase--we h already r5\nc$ ,det]m9ism1 & proclaim$ our belief 9 lib]ty4 ,let x be said once m1 be=e we pass f ?is p>ticul> aspect ( our subject1 t too mu* may be set d[n to1 or expect$ f1 ev5 environm5t2 ev]ybody kn[s t f g5tle homes1 surr\nd$ by :at seem$ ! mo/ fav\r+ influ5ces1 #aej !re h sprung vici\s & deprav$ *>act]s4 ,we ask ourselves1 9 enc\nt]+ su* cases1 ,want+ is--:at8 ,& ! answ] mu/ be giv5 9 ,kant's fam\s dictum3 t :i* is ! only good ?+ 9 ! _w--a good w4 ,9 "o s5se1 p>adoxical z x may s\nd1 mu* ( ! /r5u\s mod]n advocacy ( ,det]m9ism or semi-,det]m9ism is a k9d ( inv]t$ ackn[l$gm5t ( man's consci\sness ( fre$om1 viz41 :]e t consci\sness appe>s z ! s5se ( s94 ,( c\rse1 :5 a writ] l ,mr4 ,dole assures u t !re is no objection to a moral & spiritual ,det]m9ism t b9ds all ?+s ov] into ! unity ( good1 #f we m]ely reply t on ! contr>y !re is ! v s]i\s objection t all ?+s are n good4 ,b mo/ advocates ( ! det]m9i/ position are1 to d !m ju/ice1 well aw>e ( ! exi/5ce ( wrong & discord 9 human life2 & _! object is1 by emphasis+ ! influ5ce ( h]$ity & environm5t1 to remove or at lea/ mat]ially to light51 ! cru%+ burd5 ( ! s5se ( s94 ,! same int5tion und]lies ! ef=t1 occasionally made1 to p]suade m5 t1 see+ !y are su* z ,god creat$ !m1 x is n = !m to rep9e at be+ :at !y are1 nor to take too s]i\s a view ( any p5*ant = #aea revolt--ano!r delightful phrase--!y may discov] )9 !mselves2 z a rec5t writ] has x1 ,! responsibility ( its pres5ce & action does n re/ ) u1 nor are we ju/ifi$ 9 insult+ ,god :o made u1 by rep5t+ ( :at ,he has done4 ,we might z well rep5t ( ! tig] & ! snake1 ! e>?quake & ! tempe/ 9 nature4 #g ,:at are we to say ( ?is attempt to make ,god answ]able1 n m]ely = ! pres5ce1 b = ! action1 ( :atev] impulse to revolt ( :i* we may be consci\s8 ,to be q frank1 we _c ?9k ! utt]ance we h j quot$ o!r ?an extraord9>ily ill-consid]$4 ,! simple fact t we _c foll[ all ! impulses :i* arise 9 u1 b h to *oose betwe5 high] & l[]--! fact t we are well aw>e ( ?is conflict ( unh>monisable elem5ts )9 ourselves1 "s ( :i* c only triumph at ! exp5se ( o!rs--seems suffici5tly to dispose ( ?is writ]'s ma9 cont5tion4 ,we may n be responsible = ! pres5ce ( ^! w>r+ in/9cts1 b we are und\bt$ly responsible = translat+ "o k9d into action :ile hold+ ! o!r k9d 9 *eck4 ,! e>?w>d & ! heav5w>d are 9 ea* ( u1 /riv+ = ma/]y2 b no imag9ation is va9] ?an t we c indulge bo?1 or practise ! imp>tiality ) :i* ,montaigne's s+ul> devotee light$ "o c&le #aeb to ,/4 ,george & ano!r to ! dragon4 ,if we w\ld realise ! type ( p]fect 9 ! m9d1 we mu/ n gratify ! p5*ant = revolt1 b ex]t ourselves to lay-- ,! gho/ ( ! brute t is walk+ & haunt+ u yet & be free2 we mu/ ,arise & fly ,! reel+ ,faun1 ! s5sual fea/2 ,move upw>d1 work+ out ! bea/1 ,& let ! ape & tig] die4 ,grant$ t ! l[] impulses1 ! inh]itance f our animal ance/ry1 are left 9 u by ,div9e decree1 !y are !re1 n to be indulg$ on ! plea t to rep5t w\ld be tantam\nt to insult+ ,god :o made u1 b to be conqu]$ by ! ex]cise ( t fre$om :i* is ! e>ne/ ( our call to claim our bir?right z *ildr5 ( ,god4 ,b :5 we are fur!r told t1 z well z rep5t ( our actions1 we might rep5t ( ! tig] & ! snake1 we are imm$iately consci\s ( a d\ble confusion ( ?\ght beh9d t /atem5t2 = 9 ! fir/ place1 we are n ev5 call$ ^u to rep5t ( ea* o!r's fail+s b only ( our own1 & 9 ! second !re is no analogy betwe5 ourselves & ! tig] & snake1 creatures :i* act accord+ to _! animal natures1 & are incapable ( desir+ to be o!r ?an !y are4 ,our capacity (1 & desire =1 bett] ?+s atte/ our possession ( a measure ( lib]ty1 & #aec indicate at once our responsibility = ! c\rse we take1 & ! ess5tial di/9ction betwe5 ! animal creation & ourselves--a di/9ction wittily express$ 9 ! rem>k t ev]ybody w\ld admit t v few m5 are really manly2 b nobody w\ld cont5d t v few :ales 7 really :aley4 ,b ^? :o seek to sp>e u ! discom=t ( rep5tance by tea*+ u to decl>e ) a new inflection1 ,x is ,he t ha? made u1 & n we ourselves1 =get t !re is ano!r side to ?is argum5t4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 v allur+ to be told t we are n really blamewor?y = acts :i* hi!rto we h blam$ ourselves =--t our impulses are ,god-giv5--t ! s9n] is m]ely a le>n] 9 a l[] grade 9 ! s*ool1 #h & s =?2 "o c und]/& h[ grateful is su* a morphia injection = dead5+ ! pangs ( an accus+ consci5ce4 ,! art ( mak+ excuses1 z old z ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed51 w nev] lack ard5t pr(essors or eag] disciples4 ,says ,cassius to ,brutus3-- ,h y n love en\gh to be> ) me ,:5 t ra% hum\r :i* my "m gave me ,makes me =getful8 ,& ,brutus answ]s ) a smile3-- ,yes1 ,cassius1 & f h5ce=?1 ,:5 y are ov]-e>ne/ ) y\r ,brutus1 ,he'll ?9k y\r "m *ides1 & leave y s6 #aed ,b1 aft] all1 we none ( u d exclusively ?+s = :i* we wi% to escape be+ blam$2 !re is h>dly anyone :o c\ld n "n "s occasion on :i* he has made "s sacrifice1 =egone an unfair advantage1 decl9$ to li/5 to selfi% prompt+s1 or held "s bas] impulse 9 *eck4 ,none ( ^! ?+s 7 done = ! sake ( receiv+ praise2 nev]!less1 & q inevitably1 ! do] felt praisewor?y1 consci\s ( an inn] accord ^: self-atte/+ p[] /amp$ x a reality1 & n an illusion4 ,b ,det]m9ism leaves no room = ?is emotion1 any m ?an = t ( remorse or blame-wor?9ess2 we _c get rid ( ! s5se ( s91 yet reta9 ! s5se ( righte\sness4 ,! det]m9i/ sponge passes ov] ! :ole moral vocabul>y1 n only ov] ! inconv5i5t p>ts2 x oblit]ates ! t]ms self-indulg5ce1 di%one/y1 c[>dice1 b ! same fate ov]takes self-conque/1 integrity1 brav]y4 ,to v>y ! phrase slightly1 we mu/ n1 on ! det]m9i/ hypo!sis1 insult ,god by tak+ cr$it to ourselves = :at ,he has done4 ,are we prep>$ to surr5d] ! approval ( our consci5ce1 ! new-won self-respect :i* rew>ds ! successful resi/ance (f]$ to temptation1 z hav+ no basis 9 fact8 ,& if we are n1 :at is ?is b to affirm our fre$om & our responsibility alike 9 do+ & =be>+8 #aee ,& ?is inn] s5se ( peace or discord1 accord+ z we h act$ ?us or ?us--?is imm$iate consci\sness t x lay ) u to *oose aright or amiss--is bo? ant]ior & sup]ior to all argum5t2 x ass]ts itself victori\sly aga9/ all m]ely intellectual p]plexities1 su* z are apt to arise :5 we ask ourselves h[ man c\ld be free to commit or n to commit an act1 9 view ( ! ,div9e omnisci5ce4 ,! contradiction seems a /ubborn "o1 yet 9 practice we nev] feel our fre$om circumscrib$ by x4 ,probably our difficulty arises l>gely f ! mi/ake ( apply+ "t-relations to ,god at all1 & ?9k+ ( et]nity z an enorm\sly long p]iod in/ead ( timeless ,pres5t1 exclud+ bo? unborn ,to-morr[ & dead ,ye/]day4 ,we1 ( c\rse1 h to ?9k "u ! category ( "t1 rememb]+ & look+ =w>d2 b ! ,div9e modus cognosc5di excludes ei!r ( ^! processes1 be+ ! timeless act ( ,"o :o kn[e? altoge!r--9 ^: sight a ?\s& ye>s are z a day1 & a day z a ?\s& ye>s4 ,to ! ,et]nal ,intellig5ce1 liv+ 9 an unbeg9n+ & un5d+ ,pres5t1 pa/ & future mu/ be equally unmean+2 to su* a ,"o we _c b ?9k t all ev5ts mu/ be equally & simultane\sly pres5t1 = all live unto ,him4 ,if we c\ld behold ! drama ( exi/5ce sub specie aet]nitatis1 we might be able to und]/& h[ #aef ,div9e omnisci5ce c co-exi/ ) human fre$om2 z x is1 we c only say1 ,su* k is too wond]ful = u--x is high1 & we _c atta9 unto x4 ,we "k t we _c "k4 ,9 any case1 ev5 :ile ! ,div9e omnisci5ce may pres5t itself to u z a necessity ( ?\ght1 human fre$om rema9s a reality ( exp]i5ce & a po/ulate ( morals4#i ,!re are1 h[ev]1 ^? to :om human fre$om pres5ts itself1 n z a contradiction to ,div9e omnisci5ce1 b z a contradiction 9 t]ms4 ,man's *oice ( a c\rse ( conduct1 !y argue1 _c be ?\ght ( z o!r ?an #aeg det]m9$ by an effici5t cause2 b if x is s det]m9$1 9 :at s5se c x be free8 ,an uncaus$ act is /rictly speak+ un?9kable2 b d we n affirm t acts are uncaus$ :5 we speak ( !m z free--9 o!r words1 is n ! only alt]native to ,det]m9ism :at might be call$ 9det]m9ism8 ,! answ] is 7a7 t e *oice is c]ta9ly ! result ( an effici5t cause2 b 7b7 ! fact ( ?is be+ s int]f]es 9 no wise ) ! reality ( lib]ty1 nor does x contradict ! univ]sality ( ! law ( causation4 ,= ! effici5t cause is ! man himself1 & ! fact t he c *oose is atte/$ 9 ! v act ( *oice--:i* w\ld n be *oice if !re 7 n at lea/ two real alt]natives4 ,we d n qu>rel ) ! obvi\s tru?1 /at$ by ,mill1 t ! w is det]m9$ by motives2 we conte/ ! assumption t a free act is an uncaus$ act4 ,! act is caus$ or det]m9$ by ! free *oice ( a causal self2 9 /rict p>lance1 inde$1 we %\ld h to say t nei!r acts nor wills1 b only human selves1 are free4 ,! w is n self-det]m9$1 b det]m9$ by a self2 & ?is self is able n only to *oose betwe5 diff]5t motives1 b to att5d to "o set ( motives to ! neglect ( o!rs1 & ev5 to create motives 9 ord] to become able to make a difficult decision4 ,let u1 h[ev]1 gu>d aga9/ a possible miscon/ruction by say+ t !re is all ! diff]5ce betwe5 ?is conception ( fre$om #aeh & ! m]e spontaneity :i* is recognis$ by ! foll[]s bo? ( ,sp9oza & ,hegel1 a diff]5ce :i* 0 lum9\sly br\ght out by ,m>t9eau4#aj ,! ,sp9ozi/ doctr9e ( spontaneity1 z ,mr4 ,picton po9ts out1 means t ! individual foll[s an impulse :i* has its antec$5ts 4 4 4 9 ! *a9 ( inv>iable sequ5ces4 #aa ,man1 9 ?is view1 is free to d :at he wants1 because he wants x2 he is n free 9 ! s5se t he c\ld h want$ some?+ diff]5t4#ab ,no?+ c\ld be m frank ?an ,mr4 ,picton's /atem5ts on ?is po9t--z :5 he speaks ( ! free man's s5se t all ?+s are ( ,god1 & c\ld n h be5 o!rwise3 ,( c\rse ! obvi\s retort occurs1 7he cont9ues17 t if inde$ ev]y?+ 4 4 4 occurs by inv>iable sequ5ce1 all ?is intellectual gospel ( fre$om is va91 & exhortations to its acceptance ?r[n away4 ,& to ^? :o are n satisfi$ ) ! fre$om ( consci\s spontaneity1 a condition 9 :i* we d j z we want to d1 ?\gh our w is a l9k 9 an endless s]ies ( untraceable sequ5ces1 ,i suppose ?is objection mu/ /ill be f9al4#ac ,! objection is und\bt$ly f9al1 because x is absolutely valid2 = by fre$om we mean ! ability to d or leave undone1 to act ?us or ?us1 & ap>t f su* an ability moral judgm5ts are q un?9kable4 ,:]e we pron\nce praise or blame1 ! tacit #aei presupposition is always t ! object ( ! pron\ncem5t c\ld h act$ diff]5tly2 & ?is ,sp9ozism d5ies4 ,! same rem>k applies to ! tea*+ ( t mod]n ,absolute ,idealism :i* decl>es1 ) ,gre51 t man is 8 motives1 & t he is free inasmu* z x is by 8 own motives t he is gov]n$4 ,x w\ld be z accurate to call an automatic ma*9e free on ! gr\nd t x is by its own works t x is mov$4 ,?is is only1 z ,pr(essor ,william ,james aptly calls x1 s(t ,det]m9ism4 ,if ! automaton c\ld decide to slack5 or increase its rate ( spe$1 to g or to /op z x lik$ & :]e x lik$--above all1 if x c\ld aim at & devise improvem5ts 9 its own me*anism s z to make itself a bett] automaton--x w\ld !n be appropriate to speak ( x z free2 only x w\ld no long] be appropriate to call x an automaton4 ,& simil>ly x is only if man is able to det]m9e 8 c\rse ( action--if he c *oose 9 any real s5se1 i4e41 9 ! s5se t he might *oose diff]5tly1 if he wi%$ to d s--t x c be any?+ b an abuse ( language to speak ( him z free2 = only 9 t case c he be an object ( approbation or condemnation4 ,if he is m]ely ! sum-total ( 8 motives1 he is z little free to act o!r ?an he does z a numb] ( *emical elem5ts comb9$ 9 c]ta9 proportions are free to =m any?+ b a def9ite *emical sub/ance4 ,z #afj ,mr4 ,balf\r has well express$ x1#ad ,x may seem at fir/ sight plausible to describe a man z free ^: behavi\r is due to 'himself' alone4 ,b )\t qu>rell+ ov] words1 x is1 ,i ?9k1 pla9 t :e!r x be prop] to call him free or n1 he at lea/ lacks fre$om 9 ! s5se 9 :i* fre$om is necess>y 9 ord] to con/itute responsibility4 ,x is impossible to say ( him t he 'ought1' & !re=e he 'c1' = at any giv5 mom5t ( 8 life 8 next action is by hypo!sis /rictly det]m9$4 ,b ! fre$om ( :i* we are consci\s--e4g41 9 e exp]i5ce ( conflict betwe5 incl9ation & duty--is some?+ altoge!r diff]5t2 we "k t we c yield or resi/1 *oose betwe51 re9=ce1 & if necess>y make1 our motives4#ae #afa ,b is n s91 x is sometimes ask$1 inevitable p] se1 & 9 t s5se natural to man1 & if s1 h[ c we be blam$ = :at we c\ld n avoid8 ,& aga91 is !re n "s tru? 9 ! /atem5t t mu* t we call evil has be5 incid5tal to ! progress ( ! race1 j z ! discords produc$ by ! le>n] on a musical in/rum5t are necess>y incid5ts 9 ! process :i* w tea* him by & by to *>m ! e> ) ! p]fect h>mony8 ,su* que/ions are frequ5tly put =w>d2 let u see if we are able to cle> away ! misund]/&+s to :i* !y be> witness4 7#a7 ,admitt+ t a free moral be+ mu/ be able 9 !ory to *oose ! wrong z well z ! "r1 x %\ld 9 ! fir/ place be obs]v$ t ! possibility ( t or any c\rse does n r5d] x inevitable = him to take x1 & x is only ! possibility t is giv54 ,b x may be ju/ly argu$ t s9ce z a matt] ( fact all m5 s91 we _c pret5d t we are m]ely deal+ ) a !oretical possibility1 b mu/ pron\nce s9 to be de facto natural to man z well z inevitable--= :o has ev] avoid$ x8 ,let u obs]ve :at foll[s3 ?is1 & no m1 t s9 is natural only 9 ! s5se 9 :i* disease is natural--viz41 z a disord] to :i* ! human frame may become subject1 b nev]!less a disord]4 ,z physical disease entails a dim9ution ( physical life1 s s9 entails a dim9ution ( #afb our moral & spiritual life1 an ali5ation ( ! s\l f ,god2 & :ile anyone may ?us *oose to describe s9--! wilful misuse ( faculties l5t u = o!r ends--z natural1 x is significant t ! result ( s9 is q unnatural1 viz41 a /ate ( disunion betwe5 ! s\l & ,god4 ,s mu* is ?is ! case t ! aim ( all religion is to br+ ab\t a cessation ( ?is unhappy /ate1 & to effect ! heal+ ( ! discord creat$ by man's transgression4 ,true religion treats s91 n z an error to be expla9$ away1 b z a wall ( p>tition to be brok5 d[n2 ! ess5tial aim ( religion is atonem5t1 man's reconciliation to ,god4 7#b7 ,b x is fur!r urg$ t 9 hi/orical retrospect1 & 9 ! light ( evolution1 x is difficult to avoid ! conclusion t 9 ! c\rse ( man's developm5t f a savage & b>b>ic condition all mann] ( ills--blood%$1 slav]y1 etc4--h be5 necess>y /ages2 may n1 !n1 s9 be claim$ z con/itut+ "p ( ! ,div9e plan8 ,& if su* 0 ! case once1 may x n be ! case /ill8 ,"h we are deal+ ) a v obvi\s confusion2 = :ile man is 9 a l[ & undevelop$ /ate1 a good _m acts :i* w\ld be s9s if committ$ by p on a high] level1 h n t "* at all4 ,x is q impossible1 e4g41 to read ! ,hom]ic poems & f9d 9 !m any trace or indication t deceit1 w> & massacres are #afc reg>d$ ) s mu* z moral di/a/e2 ! m5 ( ! ,hom]ic age _h simply n ris5 to t moral height1 & x w\ld be futile to judge !m by ! /&>ds ( a m advanc$ civilisation4 ,und\bt$ly1 9 its sl[ evolution f sub-human orig9s1 ! race passes ?r\gh long sub-moral /ages dur+ :i* ! animal in/9cts--moods ( tig] or ( ape--are /ill 9 ! asc5dant2 x is only gradually t man becomes aw>e ( c]ta9 practices ) %ame1 disgu/ or remorse1 & x is only !n t we c beg9 to speak ( ! indulg5ce ( ! passions :i* prompt ^? practices z s94 ,:5 ,paul calls ! law ! /r5g? ( s91 or says t ! law came 9 t ! trespass might ab\nd1 he /ates a tru?1 b sees x1 if "o may say s1 out ( focus2 = ! law 0 n arbitr>ily impos$ 9 ord] to br& a multitude ( h>mless acts z (f5ces1 b 9 proportion z ! moral law is disc]n$ by man's m9d1 acts :i* =m]ly 7 m]ely non-moral beg9 to range !mselves on ?is side or t1 z "r & wrong4 ,true1 ev5 :5 our moral p]ceptions h ?us be5 quick5$1 we %all n always rule our prov9ce ( ! brute ) a /rong h&--true also t1 ow+ to our e>?ly nature1 9 _m ?+s we all /umble2 b s f> f view+ ^! failures complac5tly1 !y ought to spur u to m e>ne/ endeav\rs to leave our l[] inh]itance beh9d4 ,! tru? #afd conc]n+ ! inevitabl5ess ( s9 0 /at$ by our ,"l :5 ,he said1 ,x mu/ ne$s be t occasions--viz41 ( /umbl+--come2 b woe to t man ?r\gh :om ! occasion come?4 ,s9 z su*1 z an occasion1 is inevitable2 b = any p>ticul> s91 = act+ contr>ily to ! kn[n be/1 ! individual is responsible--& greate/ ( all is ! responsibility ( "o :o kn[+ly & ( design becomes an occasion ( /umbl+ to ano!r1 mak+ s9 m difficult to avoid1 or positively incit+ ano!r to wrong-do+4 ,we d n =get ! inequalities ( moral end[m5t1 nor d we leave out ( sight t a temptation :i* = "o man sc>cely s mu* z exi/s may prove well-nigh irresi/ible to ano!r2 b ! judgm5t ^u ea* is 9 ! wise & ,fa!rly h&s ( ,him :o kn[e? our frame1 & rememb]e? t we are du/4 ,we h se5 t ,det]m9ism1 9 spite ( its humanit>ian & ev5 optimi/ic pret5sions1 :5 x is consi/5tly appli$ falsifies e "o ( its promises2 x is wor? :ile to ask ourselves yet once m :at is likely to be ! effect ( ?is doctr9e ^u ! *>act]s ( ^? :o s]i\sly ent]ta9 x4 ,mill1 9 8 frigid & precise1 yet scrupul\sly j mann]1 express$ ! op9ion t ,! free-w doctr9e1 by keep+ 9 view precisely t portion ( ! tru? :i* ! ^w necessity puts #afe out ( sight1 namely ! p[] ( ! m9d to co-op]ate 9 ! =mation ( its own "*1 has giv5 to its adh]5ts a practical feel+ mu* ne>] to ! tru? ?an has g5]ally 7,i believe7 exi/$ 9 ! m9ds ( necess>ians4 ,! latt] may h _h a /rong] s5se ( ! importance ( :at human be+s c d z to %ape ! *>act]s ( "o ano!r2 b ! free-w doctr9e has1 ,i believe1 fo/]$ 9 its support]s a mu* /rong] _s ( self-culture4#af ,if = self-culture we sub/itut$ self-reliance1 buoyancy1 a s5se ( responsibility1 we %\ld sc>cely g too f>2 =1 inde$1 x w\ld be difficult to say f :at s\rces ! consi/5t det]m9i/ is to d]ive ^! qualities4 ,he reg>ds himself z ! inevitable product ( =ces :i* h m\ld$ him into t p>ticul> %ape & no o!r2 he _c help himself or *ange 8 "* by "o hair's-bread?2 he views 8 own life1 z has be5 well said1 n 9 ! light ( a /ory :i* he c c>ry on z he may *oose1 b z a sum :i* mu/ f9i% 9 a giv5 way2 & 8 "o dismal consolation is t he is n responsible = 8 %ortcom+s4 ,he c b say ) 8 fav\rite sage3-- ,! ,ball no "q makes ( ,ayes & ,noes1 ,b ,"h or ,!re z /rikes ! ,play] goes2 ,& ,he t toss'd y d[n into ! ,field1 ,he kn[s ab\t x all--,he kn[s--,,he kn[s6 ,b to believe t no ef=t c avail w c]ta9ly n inspire anyone to make su* an ef=t2 on ! contr>y1 ! likelihood is only #aff too great t su* a belief w ^u occasion s]ve z a welcome excuse = n mak+ x4 ,x has be5 said t ,det]m9ism1 if n a v h]oic cre$1 w at any rate make = tol]ance & *>ity t[>ds human fail+s2 b no?+ is m c]ta9 ?an t ?is k9d ( *>ity w1 9 practice1 beg9--:ile its t5d5cy w be also to end--at home4 ,?is e/imate1 x is true1 is (t5 w>mly *all5g$2 9 actual life1 we are told1 _m ( ^? :o pr(ess det]m9i/ pr9ciples are notori\s = _! /r5u\s moral calibre1 & c]ta9ly n op5 to ! *>ge ( laxity4 ,let t /atem5t be ungrudg+ly accept$2 :at x proves is no m ?an t prussic acid is entirely h>mless--provid$ x is n tak54 ,we are q will+ to admit t ,det]m9ism1 provid$ x is n put into practice1 is no?+ m ?an a mi/ak5 !ory4 ,s long z m5 are cont5t to be det]m9i/s 9 _! /udies & lib]t>ians ev]y:]e else1 no p>ticul> mis*ief is likely to ensue2 & x is matt] ( common exp]i5ce1 & = mu* congratulation1 t our !oretical det]m9i/s %\ld s f> obey ! in/9ct ( moral self-pres]vation z to be = ! mo/ "p practical lib]t>ians1 freely pron\nc+ praise & blame on human conduct1 & feel+ praise- & blamewor?y !mselves4 ,b if !y 7 logical & consi/5t det]m9i/s1 !y w\ld d & feel no su* ?+2 = ! praise we give to a #afg well-pois$ spr+-c>t is "o ?+1 & ! praise we give to a well-pois$ "* is ano!r4 ,& aga91 giv5 a man :o really believ$1 or :om x suit$ to believe1 t he 0 q irresponsible = 8 actions1 & t no morally valid c5sure c\ld atta* to him = gratify+ "s appetite or passion1 "o _c help suspect+ t ! result w\ld be some?+ mu* worse ?an m]e laxity4 ,t mo/ p]sons :o argue 9 fav\r ( ,det]m9ism d n act up to its pr9ciples1 is surely no?+ 9 ! doctr9e's recomm5dation2 on ! o!r h& !re is always ! unpleasant possibility t "s day !y may beg9 to take _! philosophy s]i\sly4 ,& j z "o w\ld n l prussic acid to lie ab\t promiscu\sly :]e all & sundry c\ld h access to x1 le/ !re %\ld be a great deal ( accid5tal poison+1 s we are ju/ifi$ 9 view+ ! broadca/ dissem9ation ( det]m9i/ !ory n m]ely ) ! antipa?y "o may feel t[>ds intellectual error1 b ) ! appreh5sion excit$ by a moral dang]4 ,e sy/em or movem5t :i* involves ! d5ial ( evil or ( fre$om--! d5ial or "u-emphasis ( s9--m5aces n only religion 9 ! n>r[] s5se1 b ! /ructure ( civilisation itself4 ,! rock ^u :i* all ^! !ories make %ipwreck is ! fact t we _c aboli% ! reality ( s9 & leave ! reality ( #afh goodness intact4 ,sa9t & s9n]1 h]o & c[>d1 m>tyr & traitor1 all1 z we h se51 are r$uc$ by ,det]m9ism to a common level :]e !re is nei!r admiration nor c5sure1 b at mo/ a vague wond] at all ! unnecess>y suff]+--= t at any rate rema9s real--involv$ 9 ?is pr(\ndly futile procession ( ph5om5a2 & t is a conclusion to :i* humanity has always refus$1 & w always refuse1 to reconcile itself4 ,if we wi% to see h[ utt]ly a det]m9i/ic conception empties morality ( mean+1 we ne$ only turn to ! e>?ly c>e] ( our ,"l1 & ask ourselves :at x is t gives to t life & dea? _! poignant significance b ! volunt>9ess ) :i* ! ,savi\r took ea* successive /ep on ! road f ,8 native ,naz>e? to ! place call$ ,calv>y4 ,?9k ( ,him simply z ! product ( a compell+ ,=ce1 unable to act o!rwise ?an ,he did1 & at "o /roke all t mov$ u to gratitude1 to admiration1 all t appeal$ to u mo/ deeply1 is gone4 ,!re c be no su* ?+ z compulsory h]oism or non-volunt>y self-sacrifice2 moral judgm5ts ^u inevitable conduct are m]ely absurd--we d n be/[ moral approval ^u ?is k9d ( high] automatism4 ,sometimes1 inde$1 9 a connection l ?is1 an attempt is made at "s sort ( compromise3 grant$1 x is said1 t ea* sep>ate action ( ,*ri/'s 0 volunt>y1 yet ,8 life-purpose #afi z a :ole 0 surely pre-det]m9$1 & n left to ,him to adopt or refuse4 ,yet h[ impossible1 ^u clos] reflection1 is ?is species ( semi-,det]m9ism6 ,e s+le act ( ,jesus 0 volunt>y2 b ,8 :ole life & "* & purpose--:i* is j ! sum-total ( ^! s+le1 volunt>y acts--^!1 we are to believe1 7 /rictly necessitat$4 ,he c\ld *oose e /ep ( a way :i* 0 yet absolutely *os5 = ,him1 s t ,he c\ld tread no o!r6 ,a trem5d\s decision l ,8 go+ to ,j]usalem lay )9 ,8 p[]2 b ! aim & mean+ ( ,8 life1 view$ z a :ole1 ,he _h no p[] ( volunt>ily det]m9+4 ,t1 to our m9d1 is a :olly irrational position2 "o might z reasonably say1 ,e l9k ( ?is *a9 is gold52 b ! *a9 itself is iron4 ,simple consi/5cy requires ! admission t if ! *a9 is iron1 s mu/ ! l9ks be1 & if ! l9ks are gold51 s mu/ be ! *a94 ,we say aga9--all t en%r9es ,jesus 9 our he>ts1 all t gives its r$emptive p[] to ,8 love-prompt$ dea?1 & its significance to ,calv>y1 re/s ^u ! fact ( ,8 moral fre$om4 ,he _h p[] to lay d[n ,8 life2 !re9 lay ! glory ( ,8 self-surr5d]4 ,he 01 inde$1 ,god's in/rum5t 9 effect+ ! reconciliation ( s9n]s to ! ,div9e ,love1 b x re/$ ) ,him to decide :e!r ,he w\ld be t in/rum5t or no1 & ! c\rse ,he *ose 0 n t ( #agj me*anical necessity1 nor 0 ! decision to :i* ,he came a foll[+ 9 ! l9e ( lea/ resi/ance4 ,9 accept+ ! pa9 & %ame ( ! ,cross1 ,jesus work$ ,8 ,fa!r's w2 b t w 0 n impos$ ^u ,him f )\t1 b freely respond$ to f )94 ,z ! au?or ( ! ,!ologia ,g]manica has x1 a man %\ld /rive to be to ! ,et]nal ,goodness :at 8 h& is to a man3 b all ! ultimate spl5d\r ( ! a*ievem5t is b\nd up ) ! initial possibility ( ! /riv+4 ,n only ! ye>n+ love ( ,god1 b ! conqu]+ fre$om ( ,man is f9ally atte/$ by t blood-r$ seal :i* be>s ! impressure ( a ,cross4 #a ,s e4g41 ,9 ,! ,!ology ( ,civilisation1 by ,*>les ,f4 ,dole1 p4 #di4 #b ,! ,com+ ,p1 by ! same au?or1 p4 #di4 #c ,! ,ov]-,emphasis ( ,s91 by ! ,rev4 ,alex&] ,br[n1 9 ! ,hibb]t ,j\rnal1 ,april1 #aiji1 p4 #faf4 #d ,! ,!ology ( ,civilisation1 p4 #fa4 ,x w\ld1 ( c\rse1 h be5 easy to give ref]5ces f o!r au?ors2 b !re is an extraord9>y family-lik5ess betwe5 ! writ]s ( ?is ,s*ool1 ext5d+ d[n to ! v phras+ ( _! ideas4 #e ,a ,/udy ( ,religion1 vol4 ii41 pp4 #aff1 #agi4 #f ,!ology ( ,civilisation1 p4 #abi4 #g ,! ,rev4 ,alex&] ,br[n1 loc4 cit41 p4 #fai2 italics ours4 #h ,dole1 op4 cit41 p4 #aja4 #i ,! analogy ( ! tyro & ! exp]t *ess-play]--! tyro free1 yet ! exp]t =esee+ & hold+ ! issue ( ! game 9 8 own h&s--is only sup]ficially plausible4 ,!re seems1 h[ev]1 "o o!r possible explanatory hypo!sis1 ?\gh x is "h advanc$ only 9 ! mo/ t5tative mann]3 may x n be possible = ! ,mo/ ,high to impose a limitation ^u ,8 inf9ite k correspond+ to t self-limitation ( ,8 inf9ite p[] :i* we reg>d z a necess>y assumption8 ,x w\ld be difficult on a priori gr\nds to decl>e su* a ?+ to be inconceivable4 ,:5 ,paul spoke ( himself z det]m9$ n to "k any?+ save ,jesus ,*ri/1 he signifi$ 8 int5tion ( %utt+ out f 8 k :ole ranges ( facts1 = reasons dictat$ by ! purpose he _h 9 h&2 & z a matt] ( e-day exp]i5ce1 we all practise some?+ l ?is habitually1 volunt>ily n>r[+ ! range ( our consci\sness & our imm$iate int]e/s = "o cause & ano!r4 ,might n ,god1 if ! reality ( our fre$om c\ld n be gu>ante$ 9 any o!r way1 & if t fre$om 0 necess>y = ! atta9m5t ( ,8 purpose ) man1 =be> 9 "s measure1 h[ev] slight1 to ex]cise ,8 omnisci5ce8 ,we are well aw>e t ! subject admits ( no?+ m ?an rev]5t surmise2 & hav+ /at$ our sugge/ion1 we simply leave x ) ! read] z "o ( ^? possibilities :i* w appeal diff]5tly to diff]5t m9ds4 #aj ,types ( ,e?ical ,!ory1 vol4 ii41 pp4 #ca ff4 #aa ,sp9oza1 p4 #aie4 #ab ,cp4 ,pan!ism1 p4 #gd4 #ac ,sp9oza1 p4 #aif4 #ad ,9 ,m9d1 ,octob]1 #ahic2 quot$ 9 ,pr(essor ,upton's invaluable ,hibb]t ,lectures on ,! ,bases ( ,religi\s ,belief1 p4 #bic1 n4 #ae ,x may be int]e/+ to quote a rec5t popul> /atem5t ( ! neo-,hegelian position 9 reg>d to ?is "q3 ,! feel+ t we are free is true 9 ?is s5se1 t ! cause ( a moral de$ is a motive )9 u1 & n "s p[] outside u4 ,b ?is motive moves u because ( :at we are1 because ( our *>act]s1 & ! "* is ! product ( inh]it$ in/9cts1 appetites & passions1 modifi$ by controll+ ideas :i* h be5 acquir$ s9ce our bir?4 ,mr4 ,blat*=d is s f> "r 9 8 book1 ,n ,guilty4 ,! inw>d & outw>d conditions ( a man's life1 ( c\rse1 make him :at he is inevitably4 ,we *oose1 b our *oice is gov]n$ by all our pa/1 & by pres5t circum/ances4 4 4 ,we h our ance/ors roll$ up 9 u4 ,a man is ! la/ result ( ! univ]se4 ,all is law4 ,all is inevitable by ! laws ( life3 7,! ,rev4 ,g4 ,t4 ,sadl]1 ,b4,a41 ,,ll4,b41 9 ! ,cl>ion1 ,june #aa?1 #aiji74 ,t1 ( c\rse1 is n lib]ty at all2 & ! logical hon\rs appe> to re/ ) ,mr4 ,blat*=d1 :o1 argu+ on ! same assumptions1 decl>es s9 to be a mean+less t]m1 see+ t man is n responsible = 8 nature1 nor = ! acts prompt$ by t nature4 #af ,sy/em ( ,logic1 vol4 ii41 p4 #dab 7?ird edition74 #aga ,,*apt] ,x ,,morality ,,z ,a ,,religion ,t m9imis+ or d5ial ( moral evil ) :i* we dealt 9 ! prec$+ pages1 is common to1 & foll[s z ! coroll>y f1 all sy/ems 9 :i* ! p]sonality & transc5d5ce ( ,god are ei!r explicitly d5i$ or virtually ignor$4 ,monism1 t is to say1--:e!r ( ! ideali/ic or ! mat]iali/ic v>iety1 :e!r pan!i/ or a!i/ 9 complexion--f9ds its e?ical c\nt]p>t 9 ,det]m9ism4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 9 our pa!tically re/less age a numb]--probably a gr[+ numb]--( s]i\s m5 & wom5 :o attack ! problem f ! opposite end4 ,we>y ( speculation1 & lean+ on ! :ole to ! side ( negation r ?an affirmation 9 matt]s ( !ology1 !y say t "o ?+ at any rate is left1 a c]ta9ty ( :i* no "o c deprive !m1 an ideal suffici5t to inspire mank9d--! supreme wor?9ess ( ! good life4 ,:ile ! cre$s ( ! ,*ur*es divide _! respective adh]5ts f ea* o!r1 "h1 !y tell u1 is a basis ^u :i* all c unite1 & :i* !re=e #agb %\ld assur$ly prove adequate & attractive2 nay1 s9ce religion is valu$ = ! k9d ( life x produces--s9ce ! tree is judg$ nei!r by its "n1 nor age1 nor foliage1 b simply & solely by its fruit--%all we n say t morality itself is ! true & only religion1 t residuum ( valid & vital tru? :i* rema9s :5 all ! errors ( sup]naturalism h be5 purg$ & filt]$ away8 ,c]ta9ly !re are ^? 9 our own day :o1 :ile def9itely reject+ ! sanctions & au?ority ( religion 9 its commonly accept$ mean+1 are fully conv9c$ t to live an unselfi% life is a duty incumb5t on man1 & :o hone/ly endeav\r to practise :at !y believe4 ,t be+ s1 is n fai? %[n to be practically sup]flu\s1 & ! autonomy & suffici5cy ( e?ics a demon/rat$ fact8 ,su*1 9 %ort1 is ! cont5tion ( ! ,e?ical ,movem5t1 s ably & (t5 eloqu5tly repres5t$ by lead]s l ,felix ,adl]1 ,w4 ,m4 ,salt]1 ,wa%+ton ,sullivan1 ,/anton ,coit1 & o!rs2 all ^! tea*]s ) "o accord deprecate & dismiss !ological doctr9es z at be/ n prov51 at wor/ a h9drance1 & comm5d in/ead morality z ! all-embrac+1 all-suffic+ & all-sav+ religion4 ,to quote ,mr4 ,salt]1 :o c]ta9ly speaks ) au?ority = 8 side3-- ,a religion t w tea* u h[ to live1 t w hold up cle> & high ! laws ( life & w9 u to ob$i5ce #agc to !m--?is is ! religion ! _w ne$s1 & x is ! only true religion2 all o!rs1 all t seek to make some?+ else sacr$1 t make m5 put _! tru/ 9 ,god or ,*ri/ or ! ,virg9 or ! ,bible or ! ,*ur* or its sacram5ts & rites1 are a div]t+ ( man f ! real issue2 !y are ! bl9d lead+ ( ! bl9d2 !y are a delusion & a sn>e4#a ,mr4 ,salt] is1 inde$1 will+ to %[ *>ity = ! belief t ! au?ority ( ! "r is 9 "s way connect$ ) ,god2 b x is ! *>ity t may be ext5d$ to an explod$ sup]/ition on acc\nt ( c]ta9 b5efic5t associations t cl+ to x4 ,if by ! t]m ',god1' he says1#b 0 meant simply ! reason & nature ( ?+s1 x might p]haps be freely us$2 b ! ^w means some?+ else to mo/ p]sons--& !re=e ! hone/ e?ici/ w n employ x4 ,= ?is s5sible & c&id c\rse we _c b feel ?ankful2 ,mr4 ,salt] at any rate kn[s well en\gh t !re is all ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! reason & nature ( ?+s--betwe5 a m]e totality ( be+--& a p]sonal ,god4 ,we _c disguise f ourselves t ! pres5t juncture is 9 _m respects s+ul>ly fav\rable to ! e?ical movem5t2 to n a few :o h lo/ _! e>li] fai? & feel ! ne$ ( some?+ to take its place1 ,e?icism w seem to meet t want1 & !y w accord+ly give a wi/ful1 grateful #agd he>+ to :at ,mr4 ,salt] & 8 colleagues h to prea*4 ,probably1 inde$1 x w be p ( a high] ?an ! av]age intellectual & moral calibre :o w seek to fill ! void left by ,agno/icism by embrac+ morality z a religion2 & m p>ticul>ly is ?is likely to happ5 :5 ?is cult has = its apo/les1 m5 ( high "* & graci\s p]sonality4 ,x is = t v reason t we are b\nd to exam9e ?is plea c>efully1 & to ask ourselves :e!r x is really possible1 z we are assur$1 by purely natural & human means to help m5 to love1 "k1 & d ! "r4 #c ,! issue is no less ?an a mom5t\s "o2 = if religion1 z g5]ally und]/ood1 is a m]e graceful sup]fluity :5 x is n a delusion & a sn>e1 v va/ *anges are b\nd to foll[ ! recognition ( su* a fact4 ,dr4 ,coit may be a little premature 9 mak+ 8 volum9\s arrangem5ts = ! adaptation ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* & ! ,book ( ,common ,pray] to ! uses ( e?ical religion2 b if e?ici/s c conv9ce u ( ! validity ( _! claims1 !n we mu/ look =w>d to ! fruitful s]vice ( man tak+ ! place ( ! fruitless s]vice ( ,god4 ,n[ ! fir/ rem>k we h to make is t z a matt] ( fact & ( hi/ory a high morality has nev] made its appe>ance ap>t #age f religion4 ,su* z !y are1 our moral code & moral /&>ds at _! be/ are ! product ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?2 ! e?ical movem5t has nei!r evolv$ a morality ( its own1 nor has x any?+ bett] to put 9 ! place ( t :i* we owe to ,*ri/ianity4 ,su* sugge/ions ( alleg$ defects 9 ! e?ics ( ! ,gospel z are br\ght =w>d by ,mr4 ,salt]--e4g41 t ,jesus lack$ a sci5tific s5se ( cause & effect2 t ,he fail$ to inculcate intellectual scrupul\sness & hone/y2 t we _c g to ,him = political conceptions & indu/rial e?ics1 & s =?--/rike "o z palpably trivial1 irrelevant1 & made to ord]2#d & leav+ ^! n v impos+ criticisms on "o side1 x is simply a fact t ! highe/ laws ( life 7 decl>$ by ,jesus ,*ri/1 & h nev] be5 sup]s$$4 ,& s9ce e?ici/s h no?+ bett] to propose 9 ! doma9 ( conduct ?an :at we f9d 9 ! ,gospel--s9ce ! high] law1 z =mulat$ by ,mr4 ,salt]1 r$uces itself to altruism v]sus liv+ = self--!re is no?+ h>% 9 say+ t ! e?ical movem5t proposes m]ely to take ov] ,*ri/ian morality m9us its ,*ri/ian sett+4 ,if a simile may be all[$1 we %\ld say t ?is new firm has no goods ( its own manufacture2 x int5ds to trade ) ! /ock1 & hopes to take ov] ! goodwill1 ( ! old4 #agf ,:e!r t is a feasible modus op]&i is ano!r "q1 at :i* we %all glance pres5tly2 = ! mom5t we w\ld simply insi/ ^u ! fact t hi!rto at any rate ! ultimate sanction ( morality has always be5 ! religi\s sanction4 ,! ,*ur*es1 9 bas+ morality on religion1 c at any rate po9t to "s actual a*ievem5ts 9 ! pa/2 on ! o!r h& ^? :o ma9ta9 t morality is indep5d5t ( religi\s belief1 & t human conduct w actually rise to a high] level :5 ?is tru? is recognis$1 mu/ p>don u if we tell !m t !y are m]ely issu+ promissory notes :i* may or may n be hon\r$ :5 !y fall due4 ,a c]ta9 extremely important ?+ has be5 done--we w n say p]fectly1 b nev]!less done--9 a c]ta9 way & by c]ta9 means = a v long "t2 anyone :o assures u t he w accompli% ! same important ?+ = u )\t ! means :i* we h hi!rto deem$ indisp5sable1 c h>dly be surpris$ if we reply t :ile we d n d\bt 8 entire good fai?1 we _c possibly cont5t ourselves ) 8 b>e promises 9 s vital a matt]4 ,b :5 we say ?is1 we %all at once be met ) ! rejo9d] t x is manife/ly unfair to argue z if ,e?icism 7 all promise & no p]=mance4 ,are !re n pl5ty ( k9dly1 consci5ti\s1 well-conduct$ agno/ics :o might s]ve z models to "s ( #agg _! ,*ur*-go+ neighb\rs8 ,& h we n already ref]r$ to "s ( ! e?ical tea*]s !mselves z m5 ( high "* & graci\s p]sonality8 ,all ?is may be v readily admitt$2 b all ?is has n an atom ( be>+ ^u ! matt] 9 h&4 ,! "q really is n :e!r c]ta9 av[$ agno/ics are n z good m5 z c]ta9 pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians2 b :e!r ! moral excell5ces ( ! good agno/ic are ! product1 ! fruit1 ( agno/icism1 9 ! same s5se 9 :i* ! virtues ( ! ,*ri/ian are ! product ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! answ] to t "q mu/ be unhesitat+ly 9 ! negative4 ,!re is no disput+ ! hi/orical fact t ! =ce :i* has be5 mo/ pot5t 9 build+ up our ,we/]n civilisation is none o!r ?an ,*ri/ianity2 ! e?ics :i* h %ap$ & guid$ "r conduct ?r\gh all ^! c5turies are ,*ri/ian e?ics4 ,?9k z we w ab\t dogma1 few w feel compet5t to conte/ ,lecky's v]dict1 :5 ! hi/orian ( ,rationalism & ( ,european ,morals decl>es t ,*ri/ianity has be5 ! ma9 s\rce ( moral developm5t 9 ,europe2 we "k :at ?is religion has done1 because its actual record is op5 to inspection4 ,to quote ,lecky aga91 ,*ri/ianity has produc$ m h]oic actions & =m$ m upright m5 ?an any o!r cre$4 ,n[ ,agno/icism has n creat$ its own moral sy/em2 agno/ic morality at its #agh highe/ has s f> gr[n 9 ,*ri/ian soil1 & to say t ! fl[] w cont9ue to gr[ 9 q a diff]5t soil is to make a v bold & v haz>d\s prophecy4 ,9 ! ,we/ we h nev] _h any?+ l an agno/ic civilisation1 :i* w\ld all[ u to te/ ! effects ( non-belief ^u conduct on a l>ge scale2 9 ! ,ea/1 x is true1 ,japan (f]s u some?+ l an agno/ic civilisation1 b ^? :o are be/ acqua9t$ ) t nation are lea/ incl9$ to exalt h] p]=mances 9 ! doma9 ( e?ics4 ,japanese comm]cial morality is notori\sly l[2 :ile ,japan's deal+s ) ,korea h call$ =? ! unmeasur$ d5unciations ( ,european eyewitnesses4 ,! mat]ial advances & milit>y exploits ( ?is virtually agno/ic nation mu/ n bl9d u to o!r & less admirable features2 x w\ld1 inde$1 seem t ?is highly-gift$ race1 :ile frantically eag] to ga9 ! :ole _w1 has n yet discov]$ its own s\l1 & ! famili> "q1 ,:at %all x pr(it8 inevitably sugge/s itself4 ,b n only has ,agno/icism s f> n gr[n its own morality2 !re is yet ano!r consid]ation :i* leads u to li/5 ) a c]ta9 measure ( scepticism to ! assurances ( ^? :o say t "r conduct w survive ?\gh religion be surr5d]$4 ,x has p]haps n be5 g5]ally obs]v$ t j z ! virtu\s agno/ic is g5]ally ! *ild ( ,*ri/ian p>5ts1 s by a seem+ irony he is #agi (t5 f\nd to be ! fa!r ( ,*ri/ian *ildr53 !re is h>dly a g5u9e case on record :]e free-?\ght1 ,agno/icism1 ,rationalism1 has desc5d$ f p>5ts to *ildr5 to ! ?ird or f\r? g5]ation )\t a break1 & ! practical non-exi/5ce ( su* cases proves some?+ ( real & great importance4 ,x has be5 said t pure-br$ ,london]s die out 9 ?ree g5]ations at mo/1 unless new blood f ! c\ntry is br\ght 9 to repl5i% _! fail+ vital p[]4 ,if unbelief %[s ! same incapacity to propagate itself by natural desc5t--if ! desc5dants ( unbeliev]s %[ a m>k$ t5d5cy to rev]t to type1 i4e41 to religion--su* a fact sugge/s only "o adequate explanation1 viz41 ! in/9ct ( self-pres]vation1 a return to ! soil :i* made ! gr[? ( ! fl[] possible4 ,! virtues ( ! agno/ic may be n unfairly comp>$ to cut fl[]s1 :i* may cont9ue to %$ _! p]fume = a:ile1 b are b\nd to fade be=e long4 ,our agno/ic e?ici/s1 be+ !mselves ! products ( a ,*ri/ian civilisation1 may comm5d1 approve & practise--!y may we> ! ,*ri/ian virtues2 t ^? virtues w be> transplant+ into an agno/ic soil & fl\ri% 9 an agno/ic climate is a highly dubi\s proposition4 ,we c only say t available exp]i5ce seems to be aga9/ x4 ,! ,*ri/ian morality implies ! ,*ri/ian religion :i* has creat$ x2 z = ! #ahj high-m9d$1 altrui/ic individual agno/ic1 he mu/ simply be pron\nc$ a cr$it to ,*ri/ianity4 ,we say ! high-m9d$ individual agno/ic1 because c&\r compels u to g on to /ate t g5]ally speak+ ^? :o h ?r[n religion to ! w9ds h>dly /rike "o z /&+ on a p>ticul>ly high e?ical level4 ,"o c only g by facts2 & ! facts are t ! frequ5t]s ( ! bett+-r+1 ! dram-%op1 ! light-m9d$1 pleasure-seek+ ?rong t flutt]s f amusem5t to amusem5t )\t any int]e/ 9 life's s]i\s duties--^! are h>dly drawn f ! ,*ur*-go+ /rata ( society4 ,religion says no to ?is :ole mode ( life2 & unbelief is mo/ frequ5tly1 & 9 its mo/ typical =ms1 f\nd :]e ! re/ra9ts ( religion h prov$ too irksome to be tol]at$4 ,be=e argu+ 9 ! ab/ract t morality is indep5d5t ( religion1 & w be advanc$ by its ab&onm5t1 x w\ld p]haps be bett] to obs]ve ! av]age1 concrete case ( ! man :o has cut himself adrift f religi\s beliefs & influ5ces2 !n x w be "t to decide :e!r we %\ld l to see ! exp]im5t tri$ on a national scale4 ,x is easy to !orise 9 vacuo2 9 practice we are well aw>e t )\t ! sanctions & ! gu>dian%ip ( religion morality t5ds to s9k to ! level :]e ! accept$ motto is ! h$oni/'s ,let u eat & dr9k & be m]ry1 = to-morr[ we die4 #aha ,b at ?is po9t ano!r objection w be rais$2 surely1 x is said1 we d n s]i\sly ma9ta9 t m5 are k9d to _! families1 hone/ 9 _! e-day transactions1 tru?ful 9 spee*1 & s =?1 m]ely because !y believe t to d s is to act 9 accordance ) ,div9e injunction1 & t if ?is belief 7 sudd5ly de/roy$ we %\ld be r$uc$ to moral *aos4 ,b ?is argum5t1 s frequ5tly met ) 9 ?is connection1 misappreh5ds ! real issue4 ,we d n dispute t ! elem5ts ( moral conduct beg9 to be inculcat$ :]ev] !re is any social life at all4 ,:]e !re is any liv+ toge!r1 complete selfi%ness is impossible2 !re mu/ come into be+ a r\gh law ( give-&-take1 a recognition ( mutual rights to be respect$1 a c]ta9 loyalty f ! individual t[>ds ! tribe1 :i* 9 turn befri5ds & def5ds ea* ( its memb]s4 ,q a numb] ( rudim5t>y virtues are ?us develop$ by ! =ce ( public op9ion1 :i* _c tol]ate flagrantly anti-social acts f "o memb] ( ! community t[>ds ! re/2 murd]1 viol5ce1 !ft1 false witness--^! & ! l (f5ces are suppress$ ) a /rong h&1 )\t ! ne$ ( a special sup]natural revelation to decree ,?\ %alt n4 ,to be brief1 !re is no d\bt t ?is social pressure is p[]ful en\gh to insi/ ^u behavi\r :i* w regulate mo/ ( ! ord9>y relation%ips ( life 9 a fairly #ahb satisfactory mann]--i4e41 relation%ips betwe5 equals or memb]s ( ! same community4 ,! latt] is a highly important qualification2 :]e purely natural sanctions obta91 equal rights might be enjoy$ by all bona fide memb]s ( ! tribe1 b ! same rights w\ld n necess>ily ext5d to an ali54 ,& ev5 )9 ! community gov]n$ by su* sanctions ! weak]1 & especially ! weake/1 did n rank z equals2 among ! mo/ highly civilis$ nations ( antiquity1 ! ,greeks & ,romans1 infanticide & exposure fl\ri%$--inde$1 z ,lecky po9ts out1#e by ! ideal legislations ( ,plato & ,ari/otle1 & by ! actual legislations ( ,lycurgus & ,solon1 infanticide 0 positively enjo9$4 ,no?+ c be m significant ?an to f9d 9 ! ,self-,torm5tor ( ,t]5ce ! v "* :o expresses ! noble s5tim5t1 ,i am a man1 & deem no?+ t is human ali5 f me1 giv+ in/ructions t if ! *ild t is to be born to him %\ld be a girl1 x is to be put to dea?4 ,! public op9ion ( an enlight5$ & cultur$ paganism c\nt5anc$ su* de$s )\t reproa*2 x 0 ,*ri/ianity1 or r ,he :o said1 ,suff] ! little *ildr5 to come unto ,me1 t put a /op to ^! b>b>ities4 ,! po9t :i* we wi% to e/abli% is ?is3 t :ile evolutional e?ics & natural #ahc sanctions w c>ry u a c]ta9 way1 !y w c]ta9ly n c>ry u all ! way2 inde$1 ! mom5t we come to ! high] rea*es ( "*1 ^! sanctions are se5 to be q inadequate4 ,:y1 e4g41 %\ld ! conviction be born 9 man1 & become a gov]n+ conviction1 t he mu/ "u no circum/ances commit a c]ta9 act1 ?\gh to d s w\ld be easy & advantage\s1 & detection n to be fe>$8 ,:y %\ld ! moral consci\sness ( ! high] races accept ! pr9ciple :i* places self-sacrifice above self-seek+8 ,!re is only "o explanation = ?is p>adoxical ph5om5on3 x is t1 z m5 rise 9 ! moral scale1 !re dawns on !m ! s5se ( a law t is n ( ?is _w1 an ,ought-to-be1 :i* speaks ) a /range au?ority1 & w n be d5i$2 & :5 ?is au?ority is prop]ly int]pret$1 x reveals a ,righte\s & ,sov]eign ,w to :i* we owe unconditional ob$i5ce4 ,& "h we may quote 9 support "s significant words ( ,mr4 ,salt]'s--words ^: full significance1 we v5ture to ?9k1 t able & di/+ui%$ writ] h>dly realis$ :5 he p5n$ !m3 ,! :ole mean+ ( e?ics is 9 ! s5se ( an invisible au?ority2 to b[ to cu/om1 to public op9ion or to law1 is moral idolatry4 #f ,:atev] else ,i may d\bt ab\t1 ,i _c d\bt ! law ( duty--t !re is a "r & a wrong2 t ! #ahd "r obliges me1 t ,i ought to d x4 4 4 4 ,! law is ov] all1 ?\gh x 7 nev] obey$4 4 4 4 ,e?ics is no?+ b ! response :i* man & man make to ! high] ord] ( ?+s4 4 4 4 ,ec/asy is ! grace heav5 sets ^u ! mom5t 9 :i* ! s\l w$s itself to ! p]fect good4 #g ,let u see :at is impli$ 9 ^! truly rem>kable /atem5ts4 ,! real sanctions ( moral conduct are n ! sanctions ( exp$i5cy or =ce1 b are d]iv$ f a high] law1 an invisible au?ority2 ! f9e/ morality is man's free response to a high] ord]4 ,b1 we ask1 :at is ?is high] ord]1 ?is note ( comm&1 b ! expression ( a high] ,w8 ,& h[ c !re be a high] ,w )\t a ,high] ,p]sonality1 a ,god :o impresses ,8 law ^u u & makes u aspire aft] ! ideal good8 ,mr4 ,salt] explicitly d5ies t ! moral virtues come f bel[1 f prud5ce1 f ! s5se ( dec5cy1 f longsight$ selfi%ness2 !y :o ?9k s1 he decl>es1 9 a f9e bur/1 nev] brea!d ! climate ( morality4 #h ,b if n f bel[1 !y mu/ come f above2 & ?is above really mu/ be some?+ m ?an an atmosph]ic conception4 ,w ,mr4 ,salt] help u to det]m9e its nature m cle>ly8 ,he says1 ,! ,mighty ,p[]1 hid f our gaze by ! ?9 scre5 ( nature & ( nature's laws 4 4 4 is #ahe ) our /ruggles aft] a p]fect "r #i2 b if ?is ,mighty ,p[]1 :i* is n s mu* express$ z hidd5 by nature's laws--:i* !re=e transc5ds nature--is 9 ! highe/ s5se moral1 h[ c x be less ?an p]sonal8 ,x is ?is ,p[] :i*1 accord+ to our au?or1 gives u ! vision ( ! ideal1 ?is ,p[] :i* sets ! m>k ( its approval ^u our surr5d] to its behe/s1 ?is ,p[] :i* manife/s its "* 9 do+ ju/ice ^u individuals & nations alike1 we$+ out ! selfi%1 ! wanton1 ! luxuri\s1 & pres]v+ ! pure & upright2 may we n ask :at reason !re is = )hold+ f t ,p[] ! "o adequate "n ( ,god8#aj ,let u pursue & emphasise ?is ?\ght a little fur!r4 ,already we h se5 t--te/e ,mr4 ,salt]--! highe/ e?ics require our belief 9 a mighty1 transc5d5t & b5evol5t ,p[]2 t admission means no?+ less ?an ! surr5d] ( naturalism #ahf 9 morals--x is an ackn[l$gm5t t ultimately a true e?ic involves & presupposes a metaphysic4 ,inde$1 :5 ,mr4 ,salt] speaks ( e?ical religion1 ! same implication is !re4 ,religion signifies a liv+ & p]sonal relation%ip betwe5 ! wor%ipp] & ! object ( 8 wor%ip3 we c /& 9 su* a relation%ip to a liv+1 p]sonal ,god1 9 h>mony ) ^: w alone we are able to f9d our true happ9ess2 we _c /& 9 su* a relation%ip to an imp]sonal p[] or a univ]sal ord]4 ,mr4 ,salt] speaks ( man b5d+ hu%$ & subdu$1 z he ?9ks ( ^? mighty laws on :i* ! heal? & safety ( ! race dep5ds1 & calls t a religion2 we submit t s f> z su* an emotion is religi\s1 x means t beh9d ^? mighty laws !re /&s a mighty ,lawgiv]1 :om we wor%ip & seek to obey because ,he is good4 ,we c keep a law1 we c con=m to x s z to escape hurt1 b we _c wor%ip x except :5 we conceive ( x z ! manife/ation ( a good ,w2 nei!r c we d]ive moral /imulus f an ab/ract ideal4 ,x is :5 ! ideal speaks 9 u & to u z ! behe/ ( ! ,liv+ ,god--above all1 :5 x /&s be=e u inc>nat$1 made actual 9 ! ,son ( ,god--t x becomes dynamic1 draw+ & uplift+ & trans=m+ m5 into ! ,div9e lik5ess4 ,we are n greatly help$ by su* a /atem5t z t ! b>e idea ( morality1 #ahg q ap>t f fai? 9 ,god1 may be ! supreme passion to a man2 we h to deal ) ?+s z !y are1 & 9 actual life we well "k t ! mo/ commonplace pres5tation ( ! ,gospel has be5 m ( a =ce 9 ! mak+ ( "* & z an inspiration to righte\sness ?an ! mo/ ref9$ philosophical ,e?icism4 ,& n[ let u %[1 f yet ano!r po9t ( view1 z we ?9k may be done q simply & cog5tly1 t x is impossible rationally to get away f ! !i/ic position if we are 9 e>ne/ ab\t morality1 view$ z ! pursuit ( ! ideal4 ,9 ord] to engage 9 su* a pursuit1 we mu/ 9 ! fir/ place be free ag5ts1 able to *oose betwe5 conflict+ motives & to foll[ ! "r4 ,if our actions are necessitat$1 !n to speak ( our pursu+ ?is or t c\rse1 *oos+ & reject+1 is ( c\rse a m]e contradiction 9 t]ms4 ,b if ! univ]se1 includ+ ourselves1 is simply ! resultant outcome ( ! int]action ( unconsci\s me*anical =ces1 freewill is an absolute illusion1 & ,det]m9ism ! only true !ory2 & aga91 if ,det]m9ism is true1 we _c *oose1 we _c /rive--9 a ^w1 we _c help be+ :at we are4 ,h5ce1 if morality 9 any intelligible s5se is to exi/ at all1 we mu/ be free2 & only a p]sonal & transc5d5t ,god c\ld h conf]r$ on u ! faculty ( freewill4 #ahh ,we pass on to "o or two f9al consid]ations4 ,"o ( our e?ici/s1 :o g5ially in=ms u t !ology is discr$it$ 4 4 4 & ! _w is indiff]5t to :at ! ,*ur* ei!r ?9ks or says1 writes z foll[s3 ,! ,e?ical ,movem5t believes t ! good life has an imp]ative claim ^u u because ( its supreme wor? = humanity4 #aa ,z aga9/ ?is /atem5t we h no hesitation 9 affirm+ t only religion1 9 ! accept$ s5se ( ! t]m1 c give u ! absolute conviction ( ! absolute supremacy ( moral claims--! assurance t x 7 bett] to suff]1 to hung]1 to be despis$ & reject$ ( m51 to die on a cross1 ?an to violate "o ( ^!4 ,grant t ! good life is ( supreme wor? = humanity2 yet suppos+ a man is sorely tempt$ to obta9 "s imm5se advantage or to gratify "s consum+ passion1 at ! co/ ( injur+ someone else--suppose he c d s ) safety & success--:y %\ld he pref] humanity's int]e/s to 8 own8 ,:y1 inde$8 ,we make bold to say t no "o 9 ! ?roes ( conflict betwe5 duty & desire1 at ! mom5t ( moral crisis1 has ev] be5 influ5c$ by ! wor? ( 8 action = humanity4 ,! ultimate sanction ( "r conduct mu/ be drawn f a ,s\rce beyond humanity1 :i* enjo9s ! "r at all co/s--f ,him :o is humanity's ,mak] & ,rul]4 #ahi ,& ! same fact is borne witness to by ! exp]i5ce :i* waits ^u wilful wrong-do+1 by ! s5se ( s94 ,su* an emotion c nev] be inspir$ by an imp]sonal ord] ) :i* we h come into conflict1 b only by a p]sonal ,w aga9/ :i* we are consci\s ( hav+ (f5d$4 ,! man :o disreg>ds ! law ( gravitation & falls f a ladd]1 exp]i5ces "o k9d ( pa9ful s5sation2 b ! man :o disreg>ds ! law ( righte\sness & falls into s91 exp]i5ces q a diff]5t k9d ( pa9ful s5sation--! s5sation1 n ( self-pity1 b ( self-accusation & remorse1 because x is ,god's hol9ess aga9/ :i* he has transgress$2 & t feel+ f9ds utt]ance age aft] age 9 ! agonis$ cry1 ,aga9/ ,!e1 ,!e only1 h ,i s9n$1 & done t :i* is evil 9 ,?y sight4 ,! tru? is1 ^? :o claim to set up morality z a religion1 :ile decl>+ ! p]sonal ,deity ( !ology illusory1 are engag$ 9 an impossible task2 & x is because ( ! inh]5t hopelessness ( _! ent]prise t we mu/ raise our voice 9 w>n+ to any :o may be tempt$ to put fai? 9 _! fair promises4 ,! e?ici/'s int5tions are admirable2 b he sets ab\t _! realisation 9 a mann] :i* dooms him & !m to failure4 ,let u h practice )\t !ory1 he says1 ! sup]/ructure )\t ! f\ndation1 ! fruit )\t ! root1 works )\t ! #aij fai? :i* produces works3 & su* be+ ! nature ( 8 und]tak+1 he f>es accord+ly1 a spectacle ( ineffectual goodness1 wond]+ :y ! _w decl9es to li/5 to 8 s reasonable gospel4 ,b ! _w cont9ues to cl+ to an ultra-rational ,gospel because x is in/9ctively aw>e t morality re/s ^u ultra-rational sanctions4 ,e?icism may borr[ f ,*ri/ianity ! doctr9e ( ! bro!rhood ( man1 b x has no explanation to give ( ! basis support+ t axiom--:y we ought to reg>d ea* human be+ z hav+ c]ta9 indefeasible claims ^u u1 s t we may n treat him z a m]e means subs]v+ our ends4 ,t position c nev] be def5d$ on purely natural gr\nds2 9 ! la/ analysis ! bro!rhood ( man has a "r to be accept$ z true only by ^? :o believe 9 ! ,fa!rhood ( ,god4 ,9 conclusion1 z all true morality pre-supposes religion1 s x is only religion :i* c supply ! /ronge/ inc5tive & enc\ragem5t to ! good life2 = x is religion alone :i* has ! promise t ! ,good %all & mu/ prevail1 t ! />s 9 _! c\rses are fight+ on ! side ( "r & tru?1 & t x %all be well or ill ) u accord+ z we range ourselves on t side or 9 opposition to x4 ,take away ! idea ( a ,god ^: w is t righte\sness %all triumph1 t life %all be "l ( dea?1 & #aia love victori\s ov] all1 & we h no gu>antee b t all ! ef=ts & sacrifices ( m>tyr & re=m] may be 9 va91 & ! hope ( ! _w a delusion4 ,x is only ! believ] :o c nev] despair1 :o kn[s t 8 "w w endure & enri* ! _w--t !re w be no collapse or f9al dis>ray1 t ! _w is no blot nor blank1 b means int5sely & means good4 ,x is t fai? :i* makes endeav\r & surr5d] wor? :ile2 t fai?--! assurance ( ?+s hop$ =1 ! evid5ce ( ?+s n se5--:i* alone gives u a "r to s+ ,felix ,adl]'s noble hymn3-- ,& ! "w t we h build$1 ,(t ) ble$+ h&s & te>s1 ,(t 9 error1 (t 9 angui%1 ,w n p]i% ) our ye>s1 ,x w rise & %9e transfigur$ ,9 ! f9al reign ( light2 ,x w pass into ! spl5d\rs ,( ! ,city ( ! ,light4 ,= ! assurance :i* brea!s 9 ^! l9es re/s on a previ\s1 deep] assurance3 x is t :i* ! ,*ri/ian expresses 9 ! words1 ,if ,god be = u1 :o is aga9/ u8 #a ,e?ical ,religion1 p4 #dh4 #b ,ibid1 p4 #ci4 #c ,see ,a ,few ,po9ts ab\t ,e?ical ,societies1 a tract issu$ by ! ,union ( ,e?ical ,societies4 #d ,e?ical ,religion1 pp4 #ha1 #hd1 #hf1 #hi2 = a concise treatm5t ( ?is subject ! read] may be ref]r$ to ! pres5t writ]'s ,jesus or ,*ri/8 *apt] iv4 #e ,hi/ory ( ,european ,morals1 ii41 p4 #bf4 #f ,op4 cit41 p4 #ch4 #g ,ibid4 pp4 #af-ah4 #h ,op4 cit41 p4 #ag4 #i ,ibid41 p4 #eg4 #aj ,if = ! ^w ',god' y read ! 'univ]sal life1' writes ! ,rev4 ,r4 ,j4 ,campbell1 y h at once ga9$ ! e> ( e high-m9d$ ?9k+ man to :om y appeal4 7,! ,*ri/ian ,commonweal?1 ,april #ad?1 #aiji47 ,are we1 !n1 to und]/& t if we want to appeal to high-m9d$ ?9k+ m51 we mu/ drop ! t]m ,god & sub/itute = x1 z be+ less (f5sive to ^! high] ?9k]s1 "s non-committal phrase l univ]sal life8 ,we say q frankly t we are n prep>$ to pay su* a price = mak+ su* a successful appeal2 = ! univ]sal life--j because x is univ]sal & all-embrac+--is no m good ?an bad--x has no moral "*1 & h5ce c ex]cise no moral au?ority1 nor g5]ate any moral en?usiasm4 #aa ,:at ! ,e?ical ,movem5t is1 by ,h>ry ,snell4 #aib ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,problems ,,( ,,pray] ,9 ! op5+ *apt]s ( ?is book we _h occasion once or twice to ask ourselves 9 pass+ h[ ! new emphasis on ! doctr9e ( ,div9e imman5ce 0 likely to affect ! "q ( pray]2 9 turn+ n[ to a m direct treatm5t ( ! latt] subject1 ?is is aga9 ! fir/ & mo/ important qu]y we %all h to consid]4 ,tru?1 z we all "k1 is a mean--x repres5ts a balance betwe5 oppos+ extremes2 :at is1 h[ev]1 n always recognis$ is t ! extremes are n necess>ily equidi/ant f ! true c5tre1 & !re are cases :5 x is ( ! greate/ importance to disc]n :i* ( !m is ne>] & :i* m remote f ! tru?4 ,9 ! pres5t in/ance we h insi/$ all along t ( ! two possible extremes ( ,deism & ,pan!ism ! =m]1 ) its exclusive insi/ance ^u ,god's transc5d5ce1 is n only m intelligible b f> m true ?an ! latt]1 ) its "o-sid$ /ress on ,8 imman5ce2 =1 z we previ\sly express$ x1 9 ! ex]cise ( religion x is ! transc5d5t ,god #aic ) :om we are conc]n$4 ,9 fact1 ,deism may be a v faulty type ( religion1 !oretically consid]$2 b ,pan!ism is religion's practical annihilation4 ,x is n = no?+ t 9 ,p]sia1 e4g41 ! "n ( ,sufi--9 !ory a pan!i/ic believ] 9 ! id5tity ( ! wor%ipp] ) 8 ,deity--signifies 9 curr5t use n a my/ic1 b a free?9k]6 ,s f> z ! religi\s life is conc]n$1 we repeat t ,deism is ! less] error & ! less] dang]2 & n[h]e is ?is m closely br\ght home to u ?an :5 we consid] ! reality & ! mean+ ( pray]4 ,= h[ev] f>-(f ,god may be ?\ght to be1 x has nev] be5 sugge/$ t ! voice ( pray] is n able to travel across ! di/ance--,he may he> u 9 heav51 ,8 dwell+-place1 & :5 ,he he>e?1 =give2 b if ,8 pres5ce is s univ]sally diffus$ t we ourselves =m "p ( x1 we %all h>dly "k to :om or to :at to address ourselves 9 ! act ( adoration4 ,we c pray to a ,deity conceiv$ z solely transc5d5t1 b n to a ,deity conceiv$ z solely imman5t1 i4e41 z ! ,sum ( ,be+4 ,a vague cosmic emotion diff]s toto coelo f wor%ip2 we _c wor%ip t :i* includes u1 = if we did we %\ld be indulg+ 9 self-wor%ip1 & z = pray]1 we c\ld no m s]i\sly (f] x to ! univ]se ?an to ! atmosph]e4 ,?is po9t _c be too cle>ly realis$4 ,pray] is ! s\l's communion ) ,god2 b if ! s\l is an #aid integral con/itu5t ( ,god1 a mode or phase ( ! ,div9e ,be+1 !n ?is communion1 be+ already an accompli%$ & unalt]able fact1 _c be s mu* z desir$1 /ill less does x ne$ to be br\ght ab\t by pray] or any o!r means :atsoev]4 ,no?+ c\ld be m in/ructive 9 ?is connection ?an :at is app>5tly a fav\rite illu/ration ) ^? = :om imman5ce is only a synonym = ,monism1 & :i* lik5s ! relation ( ,god to ! individual s\l to t subsi/+ betwe5 ! ocean & "s individual bay3 ! hundr$ bays & gulfs & creeks t succe$ ea* o!r r\nd ! isl&1 we read1 are 9 ! ocean1 & ! ocean is 9 !m4 #a ,n[ let u see :at ?is means4 ,!re may be ! mo/ urg5t necessity = digg+ *annels to connect a res]voir ) ! sea1 s t x may be fill$ ) its fulness2 b x w\ld be absurd to speak ( op5+ up or r5ew+ communication betwe5 bay & ocean--a communication ^: un9t]rupt$ nature is impli$ 9 ! v t]ms ( ! image4 ,on su* an int]pretation ( imman5ce1 pray] 9 any real s5se is ei!r sup]flu\s or impossible2 = if no "o hope? = t :i* he #aie see?1 nei!r w\ld any "o 9 8 s5ses seek to br+ to pass a condition ( ?+s :i* is ?\ght to be already exi/+4 ,"h we see once m ! unbridgeable gulf betwe5 e =m ( ideali/ic ,monism--,ea/]n or ,we/]n--& ,*ri/ianity2 = :ile1 e4g41 ! c5tral idea ( ,indian piety is m$itation1 ! absorption ( ! individual 9 ! life-_s1 ! exp]i5ce ( id5tity ) ! univ]sality & on5ess ( ! ,godhead1 on ! o!r h& ,*ri/ianity is ! religion ( pray]--pray] is its cr[n & its pe>l4 #b ,t is really ! crux ( ! :ole matt]2 pray] mu/ be conceiv$ z an active int]c\rse betwe5 ! wor%ipp] & a ,p]son o!r ?an himself1 :o is ! object ( 8 wor%ip4 ,x is n a soliloquy--:at ! ,g]mans expressively call a ,selb/gespr*1 or self-talk2 x is n a monologue1 b a dialogue2 x is n a m]e contemplation1 b address$ to ,someone :o is ?\ght ( z will+ to li/5 & able to answ]4 ,z ,sabati] has well said1 ,pray] is religion 9 act2 t is1 pray] is real religion4 ,:]ev] m5 believe 9 a p]sonal ,god1 z di/9ct f an all-inclusive consci\sness ( be+ ( :i* !y are fleet+ expressions--m]e surface ripples on an inf9ite ocean--t belief w atte/ itself by ! pray]ful life4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a pray]less religion is a contradiction 9 t]ms2 x ei!r has no ne$s to express or #aif x w die f lack ( self-expression4 ,! believ] w pray f a s5se ( inn] necessity1 c\pl$ ) ! in/9ctive assurance t ! ne$ ( :i* he is consci\s w ?us1 & ?us only1 meet ) its satisfaction4 ,! g5u95ess ( religion--to quote ,pr(essor ,william ,james--is ?us indissolubly b\nd up ) ! "q :e!r ! pray]ful consci\sness be or be n deceitful4 ,! conviction t some?+ is g5u9ely transact$ 9 ?is consci\sness is ! v core ( liv+ religion4 #c ,is !re1 !n1 or is !re n1 some?+ g5u9ely transact$ 9 ! exp]i5ce ( pray]8 ,a transaction1 ex hypo!si1 c only take place betwe5 two p>ties2 x implies two volitional c5tres4 ,&1 fur!rmore1 :at is x t is transact$8 ,is pray] only a v noble =m ( auto-sugge/ion--are its effects m]ely subjective1 or are !y also objective8 ,^! are problems :i* c\ld h>dly be said to exi/ = an e>li] age2 to ! mod]n m9d !y are int5sely real1 & press = answ]s4 ,x mu/ be recognis$ at once t ! idea ( ,god z imman5t 9 nature1 express+ ,himself 9 ^? obs]v$ uni=mities to :i* we give ! "n ( natural laws1 creates difficulties ( its own 9 reg>d to ?is subject2 = if ^! laws %[ =? ,8 w1 is x ev5 ?9kable t our =mulat$ desires c\ld move ,him to dep>t f :at we might speak ( z ,8 orig9al #aig int5tion8 ,8 w is ei!r ! absolutely be/ or x is n2 if x is1 :y pray t ,he may modify x8 ,if x is n1 is ,he n less ?an p]fectly good1 s9ce ,8 design admits ( improvem5t8 ,c we conceive ( ,him z do+ some?+ 9 answ] to a human petition :i* ,he w\ld n d ap>t f su* a petition8 ,c we ?9k ( ,him z be+ prevail$ ^u by our assiduities & importunities to alt] ,8 decrees--is n ?is :ole notion r paltry & d]ogatory to ,8 dignity8 ,ev]ybody is famili> ) ^! que/ions & argum5ts2 let u see 9 :at proportion tru? & error are comb9$ 9 !m4 7#a7 ,a good deal ( unnecess>y difficulty arises 9 ! fir/ place f ! habitual failure ( _m p to be> 9 m9d t ?\gh ,god is imman5t 9 ! cosmos1 ,he is n only imman5t2 z soon z ,8 transc5d5ce is realis$1 x is se5 t !re exi/s no a priori reason aga9/ ! possibility ( :at f our po9t ( view w\ld look l ,div9e int]positions 9 ! ord9>y c\rse ( nature4 ,we h1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 n ! slighte/ gr\nds = assum+ t !re c be no dep>tures f ! uni=mities ( nature1 nor are we 9 a position to /ate dogmatically t no imag9able conditions w\ld ev] furni% an adequate reason = su* a dep>ture4 ,admitt+ t ! regul> processes obs]v$ 9 ! physical univ]se repres5t some?+ ( ! ,div9e mode ( action1 we h no #aih w>rant = ma9ta9+ t ^! are ! only modes ( su* action2 probability1 9 effect1 is all ! o!r way4 ,lo1 ^! are b ! outskirts ( ,8 ways2 & h[ small a :isp] d we he> ( ,him6 ,b ! ?und] ( ,8 p[] :o c und]/&8 ,a transc5d5t ,god is eo ipso n limit$ to su* me?ods z we happ5 to h caught a glimpse or a :isp] (4 7#b7 ,b :5 ?is is cle>ly und]/ood1 x has on ! o!r h& to be z frankly admitt$--inde$1 x is /at+ ! obvi\s to say--t 9 mod]n times ! idea ( ! uni=mity ( nature has obta9$ su* a hold ^u ! g5]al educat$ m9d z r5d]s any brea* ( t ord] f> m improbable to u ?an x c\ld h appe>$ to a pre-sci5tific g5]ation4 ,all physical sci5ce re/s1 broadly speak+1 ^u ! assumption t nature acts uni=mly2 )\t say+ t x mu/ be s1 we are well assur$ t x is s1 because all obs]vation & exp]im5t are f\nd to be> out ! tru? ( ! pr9ciple we h assum$4 ,all we h le>n$ conc]n+ nature excludes ! notion t !re is any?+ haphaz>d or arbitr>y 9 h] ways4 ,we d n feel at all z ?\gh ! action ( natural =ces might be susp5d$ or modifi$ = our p>ticul> b5efit1 & h5ce c]ta9 ideas ( ! efficacy ( pray]--e4g41 = ra9 or f9e wea!r--h become impossible = u to ent]ta9 ) ! ease ( our ance/ors4 ,we />t ) a m5tal attitude--h>dly #aii to be call$ a prejudice1 s9ce x is bas$ ^u a l>ge body ( exp]i5ce--( pr(\nd assurance t 9 matt]s l ^! ! w ( ,god f9ds its expression 9 ! unbrok5 op]ation ( ,8 ord9>y laws1 )\t v>iabl5ess or %ad[ ( turn+2 mo/ p1 moreov]1 w\ld ackn[l$ge t x is bett] t ^! laws %\ld be /able & capable ( be+ le>n$ & dep5d$ ^u ?an t ! ,div9e w %\ld be incalculable--ondoyant et div]s--a matt] ( moods on ,8 side & ( importunity on ours4 ,t5nyson's famili> l9es repres5t ! typically mod]n outlook ) ! utmo/ accuracy & concis5ess3-- ,god is ,law1 say ! wise2 ,o s\l1 & let u rejoice#a ,= if ,he ?und] by law1 ! ?und] is yet ,8 ,voice4 7#c7 ,& :ile ! sci5tific temp] ( ! pres5t day c\ld n fail to affect our ?\ghts conc]n+ pray] 9 "s directions1 ! same has surely to be said ab\t ! e?ical temp] ( ! age1 z %[n 9 our enl>g$ conceptions ( ,god4 ,to put x bluntly1 mu* ( ! language ab\t :at us$ to be call$ special provid5ces has become unreal & ceas$ to be edify+ = u4 ,on ?is :ole subject "s words ( ,pr9cipal ,ad5ey's c h>dly be bett]$3-- ,"u ! old !ory ,god _h ,8 fav\rites :o 7 sav$ by hair-bread? escapes1 9 accid5ts t 7 fatal to p]sons :o 7 n ! objects ( special provid5ces2 ?is 0 suppos$ to acc\nt = ! fact t "o man 9 p>ticul> f\nd t somebody else #bjj _h tak5 ! la/ b]? 9 ! %ip he _h meant to sail by1 & s escap$ ! fate ( ! crew & pass5g]s :5 x w5t d[n ) all on bo>d--no special provid5ce sav+ !m4 ,x looks l a reflection ( ! pagan my?ological tales ab\t h]oes rescu$ by ! timely int]f]5ce ( gods & goddesses 9 battles :]e ?\s&s ( common mortals p]i% unhe$$4 ,x is ! ari/ocratic idea ( privilege c>ri$ up to religion4 ,! new] view is m democratic1 & x seems to agree bett] ) our ,"l's assurance t n a sp>r[ falls to ! gr\nd )\t our ,fa!r's notice1 t ! v hairs ( our heads are all numb]$4#d ,all ?is has its direct be>+ ^u ! subject ( pray]4 ,we may /ill be occasionally regal$ ) /ories ( "o solit>y sailor be+ sav$--,provid5ce look+ aft] him 9 response to 8 "m's petitions--:ile e o!r s\l on bo>d 0 dr[n$2 b ^! n>ratives1 once irresi/ible 9 ! impression !y creat$1 are to-day receiv$ ) some:at mix$ feel+s4 ,! view ( ,god's "* :i* !y inculcate is apt to /rike u z unsatisfactory2 t ,he %\ld av]t a great & presum$ly unm]it$ physical calamity f "o individual simply & solely because ,he has be5 ask$ to d s by "s o!r individual1 :ile all[+ ! same calamity to ov]take num]\s o!rs no m des]v+ ( affliction1 does n fit 9 ) our conception ( ,him4 ,we are sl[ly le>n+ to sub/itute = ! notion ( any k9d ( pref]5tial treatm5t at ! h& ( ,god a belief 9 ! un*ang+ goodness ( ,8 decrees1 9 ! wisdom ( ,8 c\nsel1 #bja & 9 ! reality ( ,8 abid+ & enfold+ love2 by ,provid5ce we mean some?+ t is nei!r local nor p]sonal1 nor p>ticul>1 b univ]sal--! ,provid5ce ( un*ang+ law--t liv+ & lov+ ,w :i* kn[e? altoge!r4 7#d7 ,b if1 ow+ to su* consid]ations z ^!1 we are less incl9$ to-day to frame c]ta9 k9ds ( petition1 or to expect !m to be answ]$1 x is also true t we are increas+ly com+ to re-discov] :at %\ld nev] h be5 =gott51 viz41 t petition is n ! :ole b only a "p1 & p]haps a subord9ate "p1 ( pray]4 ,a glance at our ,"l's priceless beque/ to humanity1 ! ,model ,pray]1 %\ld suffice to place ?is beyond a d\bt4 ,if we /udy x clause by clause1 we f9d t ! fir/ place is assign$ simply to adoration1 & ! claim+ ( ! supreme privilege ( spiritual communion1 ) an implicit1 al?\gh n explicit1 ?anksgiv+ = t privilege2 next we f9d two clauses expressive ( aspiration = ! a*ievem5t ( ! highe/ aims1 ) ! impli$ v[ to help on _! realisation by our own conduct & ef=ts2 & n until !n d we come ^u a supplication1 :i* moreov] prays only = ! simple/ ( mat]ial bless+s--= b>e su/5ance1 9 fact4 ,?is is foll[$ by confession1 ) a pray] = m]cy1 & a promise to %[ ourselves m]ciful to our bre?r52 & a pray] = deliv]ance #bjb & guidance br+s u to ! f9al act ( praise4 ,?us1 ) "o mo/ mode/ exception1 ! bless+s :i* ,god is ask$ to be/[ are spiritual bless+s2 = a petition ask+1 e4g41 t ! op]ation ( "s natural law may be tempor>ily susp5d$ = our b5efit we %\ld look altoge!r 9 va94 ,9 any case we ought to le>n f ! "o pray] :i* our ,"l expressly taught ,8 disciples to give to m]e petition a mu* less prom95t place ?an x usually occupies2 adoration1 confession & ?anksgiv+ %\ld betwe5 !m take ! pr$om9ant %>e 9 our communion ) ! ,mo/ ,high1 ?us correct+ ! t5d5cy to make ( pray] a m]e recital ( wants m or less indiscrim9ately address$ to ! ,div9e b\nty4 ,! supreme object to be kept 9 view is t we %\ld become ( ,god's way ( ?9k+--n t we %\ld attempt to make ,him ( ours2 9 ,mat!w ,h5ry's %rewd comp>ison1 pray] is l ! boat-hook1 :i* br+s ! boat to ! l&1 n ! l& to ! boat4 ,b :5 we h cl>ifi$ our ideas on ! subject to ?is ext5t1 we mu/ once m face ! "q sugge/$ by ,pr(essor ,james--,:at is x t is transact$8 ,! effect ( pray] ^u ^? :o (f] x is too well-atte/$ to be call$ into d\bt2 :at we h to ask ourselves1 h[ev]1 is :e!r ^? effects are1 9 ! /rict s5se ( ! t]m1 purely subjective1 i4e41 z we #bjc previ\sly express$ x1 9 ! nature ( a noble auto-sugge/ion4 ,! answ] to t qu]y mu/ 9 ! la/ resort be det]m9$ by our ?\ght conc]n+ ,god & our relation to ,him4 ,let x be said once m3 if1 ) ! pan!i/1 we assume t we are ess5tially & inali5ably "o ) ! ,all--"p ( ,x1 z ! bay is ( ! ocean--pray]1 z ! !i/ und]/&s x1 is a self-contradiction2 if (f]$ at all1 x w be1 n ! e/abli%m5t ( a relation :i* is ex hypo!si always 9 be+1 b at mo/ a cle>] realisation by ! p>ticle ( its fundam5tal id5tity ) ! ,:ole4 ,pray] is f\nd$ ^u ! belief t ! ,deity is at lea/ int]e/$ 9 ,8 wor%ipp]--or else1 :y speak to ! ,unhe$+8 ,b ,sp9ozism di/9ctly d5ies ! possibility ( ,god's ent]ta9+ any feel+s t[>ds individuals--inde$1 ,sp9oza condemns ! individual's desire = ,god's p]sonal love2 at mo/ he w admit t ',god1 inasmu* z ,he loves ,himself1 loves m51' because m5 are p>ts & proportions ( ,god4 4 4 ,! complac5cy ( ! ,univ]se 9 its self-aw>5ess1 ! love ( ,god t[>ds ,himself1 z ,sp9oza has x1 includes u 9 its embrace1 & t is en\gh4 #e ,we reply t ?is complac5cy ( ! ,univ]se 9 its self-aw>5ess may be en\gh = ,sp9ozi/s2 b x is n en\gh to move m5 to pray]--& ?is is borne out by ,mr4 ,picton's total sil5ce on ?is #bjd topic 9 8 exposition ( 8 ,ma/]'s doctr9e4 ,mr4 ,*e/]ton1 ) 8 usual felicity ( phrase1 hits ! nail on ! head :5 he says t ^u ?is pr9ciple ! :ole cosmos is only "o enorm\sly selfi% p]son2 c]ta9ly x %\ld be cle> t on ?is assumption1 z !re c be no return ( affection f a ,god ^: love is only self-love1 s ! effect ( pray] c only be t :i* is produc$ ^u ! s\l by its consci\sness--suppos$ to be elevat+--( be+ an inf9itesimal fraction ( an inf9ite totality4 ,we say t ?is consci\sness is suppos$ to be elevat+1 ?\gh :y x %\ld be s is n q app>5t2 = :atev] ?is het]og5e\s sum-total ( exi/5ces may be1 x is n1 9 our s5se ( ! t]m1 good1 z ! ,god ( ,*ri/ianity is good4 ,b if1 in/ead ( los+ ourselves 9 ! fog-l& ( ,pan!ism1 ,!osophy & _! unav[$ cong5]s1 we take our /& ^u ! firm belief 9 ! o!rness ( ,god1 ! case alt]s altoge!r4 ,pray] at once becomes rational in/ead ( be+ a contradiction 9 t]ms2 x is ! accompli%m5t ( some?+ :i* is n already accompli%$2 x spr+s f ! consci\sness ( a spiritual ne$1 x is born ( ! in/9ct ( spiritual self-pres]vation4 ,x sets up a connection betwe5 two c5tres--man & ,god--:i* c only be connect$ because ( a fundam5tal lik5ess subsi/+ betwe5 !m2 b ! lik5ess is n on5ess--inde$1 ! latt] w\ld exclude #bje ! =m]1 = only sep>ates c be l ea* o!r4 ,on ?is !ory pray] is no m]e m$itation1 b an int5se & /r5u\s endeav\r to make actual some?+ t is only pot5tial2 to use ! simile we previ\sly employ$1 x is a digg+ ( *annels along :i* ! sea may p\r ( its fulness into an inl& res]voir4 ,t ?is is :at really takes place 9 pray]--t !re is su* a real response f ,him to :om x is direct$--we h no hesitation :atev] 9 affirm+2 & ?is not)/&+ ! fact t su* an exp]i5ce _c be prov$ to "o :o has n %>$ x1 any m ?an we c convey a s5se ( ! gr&eur ( ,mont ,blanc to "o ^: eye has nev] beheld its maje/ic proportions4 ,evid5tly1 9 ?is z 9 e correspond+ case ! te/imony ( ^? :o say t !y h _h a c]ta9 exp]i5ce mu/ be pref]r$ to t ( o!rs :o c only say t !y h n _h x2 & ! witness to spiritual r5ewal1 re9=cem5t1 repl5i%+ receiv$ 9 pray]--to ! ent]+ 9 ( a ,pres5ce :5 ! doors 7 ?r[n op52 to a peace & bless$ness :i* 7 n ( ! _w's giv+--?is witness is s /rong & s uni=m t we h no *oice b to pron\nce x decisive4 ,9 e su* case some?+ _h be5 g5u9ely transact$2 n only _h man spok51 b ,god _h answ]$--! wor%ipp] _h n m]ely invok$1 b 9 a v real s5se he _h evok$1 ! ,div9e ,pres5ce4 #bjf ,b c we g any fur!r ?an ?is8 ,c we1 t is to say1 ma9ta9 t ,god answ]s pray]1 n only by flood+ ! ador+ s\l ) fre% /r5g?1 gladness1 confid5ce1 b by br++ to pass ev5ts :i* o!rwise w\ld n h come ab\t8 ,?is objective efficacy ( pray]1 9 ! n>r[] s5se1 is frequ5tly d\bt$ to-day2 b1 z we %all attempt to %[1 ^u gr\nds :i*1 :5 exam9$1 prove unt5able4 ,! difficulty1 z x is mo/ g5]ally /at$1 arises f a misund]/&+2 answ]s to pray] are reg>d$ z int]f]5ces ) ! uni=mities ( nature1 z arbitr>y--& !re=e un?9kable--int]ruptions ( ! *a9 ( cause & effect1 = :i* !re c be no room 9 an ord]ly univ]se4 ,?is1 no d\bt1 0 :at ,turg5ev meant :5 he ask$1 ,does n all pray] mean au fond a wi% t 9 a giv5 case two & two may n make f\r8 ,t ,turg5ev's aphorism q illegitimately n>r[s d[n ! mean+ ( pray] to petition1 may pass2 x is m important = u to inve/igate 8 impli$ *all5ge--! gr\nds ^u :i* he expresses 8 absolute disbelief 9 ! fulfilm5t ( su* petitions4#f ,a simple prelim9>y reflection %\ld come to our aid4 ,god is surely always br++ ?+s to pass on condition t we fir/ d c]ta9 o!r ?+s1 & on no o!r conditions #bjg :atsoev]4 ,! seek+ has to g be=e ! f9d+1 ! knock+ to prec$e ! op5+ ( ! doors4 ,he w give u wav+ corn1 provid+ ! gr\nd is pl\gh$ & s[n2 t is to say1 ,he answ]s our reque/1 if we w make x 9 ! "r mann]--,he lays d[n c]ta9 rules on compliance ) :i* we may secure c]ta9 bless+s4 ,is x object$ t pl\gh+ & s[+1 unlike pray]1 are physical ex]tions made = ! purpose ( br++ ab\t physical results8 ,t w\ld be a v sup]ficial view2 x is c]ta9ly tru] to say t !y are acts ( w1 & ev5 acts ( fai?2 & 9 ! ultimate analysis ! p[] :i* has produc$ ! h>ve/ is n ! p[] ( matt]1 b ( m9d--! m9d ( man act+ 9 accordance ) ! ,m9d ( ,god4 ,man has ask$1 ,god has answ]$2 & w\ld n h answ]$ 9 t p>ticul> mann] b = ! p>ticul> mann] ( t reque/4 ,let u g a /ep fur!r1 /ill keep+ to ! obvi\s4 ,mo/ visitors to ,g5eva h made ! %ort excursion to ! ,=ces matrices1 ! great p[]-/ation :]e ! swift wat]s ( ! ,rhone are press$ into ! s]vice ( man & made to light ! /reets1 propel ! tramways & drive all ! ma*9]y ( ! #bjh city4 ,n[ ^! va/ p[]s 7 always !re--no law ( nature 0 brok51 nor any new "o introduc$1 :5 !y 7 utilis$ to light5 man's lab\rs & multiply 8 en]gies2 all t has happ5$ is t man has discov]$ exi/+ laws & h>ness$ !m to 8 use1 & once m ! real =ce motrice resides n 9 ^? sil5tly-revolv+ eng9es t g5]ate ! electric curr5t1 b 9 ! m9d t devis$ & controls !m4 ,?\ght1 !n--unse51 impalpable--is en]gy 9 its ess5ce1 ! ma/] =ce :i* directs1 subdues & uses matt]2 & 9 pray] we h already se5 t we place ourselves 9 communication ) ! ,c5tral ,=ce ( ! univ]se1 acquir+ p[] we %\ld n o!rwise possess1 & repl5i%+ our empt9ess f an inexhau/ible /ore4 ,b if ?\ght1 m9d1 w1 are t :i* lies beh9d all physical accompli%m5t1 f ! simple/ to ! mo/ wond]ful2 & if by an ex]cise ( ! same faculty we may actually secure results ( a spiritual ord]1 direct answ]+ messages1 f ,god3 :y %\ld x be a priori un?9kable t we may by ! same ag5cy ( pray] obta9 m objective responses1 viz41 ! fulfilm5t ( our petitions8 ,frankly1 we c discov] no !oretical gr\nds on :i* su* a possibility c\ld be m]ely wav$ on "o side z n wor? consid]ation4 ,%all we be told t we _c ?9k t ,god w\ld grant a c]ta9 wi% only on condition t we #bji express$ x to ,him8 ,b we h already f\nd t 9 ! regul> exp]i5ce ( life ! ,div9e b\nty seems to come 9 response to human ef=ts :i* are ultimately ef=ts ( ! w4 ,once m1 ev]y?+ dep5ds ^u our ?\ght ( ,god2 if ,he is su* z ,jesus taught u to reg>d ,him1 may x n well be t ,8 ,fa!rly love goes out to u 9 fulle/ measure :5 we call ^u x ) fulle/ & mo/ *ildlike tru/8 ,if x is urg$ t ,god w\ld surely "u all circum/ances grant ,8 *ildr5 :atev] may contribute to _! happ9ess1 we ne$ only obs]ve t e p>5t has _h occasion to say to a mu*-lov$ *ild1 ,y %all h ?is :5 y "k h[ to ask = x4 ,! tru? has be5 /at$ ) *>act]i/ic simplicity & insight by ,dr4 ,james ,drummond1 9 ! words1 ,if ,god has left c]ta9 ?+s dep5d5t on ! action ( ! human w1 ,he may also h left c]ta9 ?+s dep5d5t on human petition4 #g ,s mu* is sure1 t 9 all true pray] we set spiritual =ces 9 motion1 to ^: effects ^u ourselves we c be> witness2 & if _! action 9 "o direction is an asc]ta9$ fact1 h[ev] my/]i\s & inexplicable1 ) :at w>rant %all we d5y ! possibility ( _! act+ 9 ano!r8 ,c]ta9ly we %all n argue t su* action involves an int]f]5ce ) natural law2 & if we h to admit our ignorance z to #baj h[ su* a =ce w\ld op]ate & br+ results to pass1 let u rem9d ourselves t ! ultimate h[8--! bridge betwe5 antec$5t & consequ5t1 & :y ! =m] %\ld be foll[$ by ! latt]--always & inevitably escapes u4 ,:y 9 ! ?\s& & m obs]v$ =ms ( sn[-cry/als ! filam5ts ( ice %\ld always be arrang$ at angles ( #fj degrees or #abj degrees2 :y sulphate ( pota% & sulphate ( alum9a %\ld cry/allise 9 octah$rons or 9 cubes1 b 9 no o!r =ms2 :at is ! real connection betwe5 molecul> *anges 9 ! bra9-sub/ance & /ates ( consci\sness--all ^!1 & a myriad m1 are unsolv$ my/]ies3 we c only say t we are deal+ ) facts ( exp]i5ce4 ,& z 9 ^! & c\ntless o!r cases1 s "h also1 9 ?is matt] ( answ]s to pray]1 ! f9al & only te/ is t ( exp]i5ce4 ,t a vessel 9 di/ress %\ld be able to s5d a message to ano!r vessel a hundr$ miles out ( sight1 & summon x to its aid1 w\ld h /ruck an e>li] g5]ation z a piece ( wild romanc+--b we "k x is actually done2 t a s\l's e>ne/ pray] may avail to enli/ mighty en]gies 9 its help & s to br+ ab\t results :i* o!rwise w\ld n h come to pass1 ought h>dly to /rike ! pres5t age z an inh]5tly incr$ible proposition4 ,b we %all be told t our p>allel does n hold good3 if ! ,m>coni app>atus fail$ sev5 times out ( t51 we %\ld h>dly #baa ?9k x wor? :ile to provide our %ips ) s unreliable an in/rum5t2 yet :o w\ld say t ev5 ?ree out ( t5 pray]s = /at$ objects met ) fulfilm5t8 ,! objection1 h[ev]1 is n unansw]able2 inde$1 ! v comp>ison employ$ 9 /at+ x may enable u to supply at lea/ a p>tial answ]4 ,= we und]/& t ! success ( wireless messages be+ transmitt$ & receiv$ dep5ds ^u absolutely p]fect tun+2 ! electric waves set up1 i4e41 w only act ^u a receiv] mo/ delicately attun$ to a p>ticul> rate ( oscillations1 & :5 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! rate ( oscillation ( ! waves & ! receiv] exce$s "o p] c5t41 resonance ceases altoge!r1 s t ! message may be s5t1 b w n be receiv$4 ,x /rikes u z h>dly a fanciful supposition t _m pray]s fail to obta9 an answ] = a precisely analog\s reason1 i4e41 = lack ( attun+4 ,! m]e utt]+ ( devotional phraseology1 or ev5 ! s5d+ =? ( angui%$ appeals1 does n ( necessity con/itute true pray] at all1 & h5ce rema9s ineffective1 because ! s\l is n really en rapport ) ,god4 ,we sugge/ t ! supplication :i* availe? mu* 9 its work+ w be ! outcome ( a :ole spiritual discipl9e1 :]eby ! individual _s has become attun$ to ! ,_s :om x seeks2 if ! majority ( pray]s g unansw]$1 x is because !y are m]e recitals ( a tale ( wants1 )\t ev5 an attempt ^u ! #bab "p ( ^? :o utt] !m to put !mselves into ! attitude ^u :i* an answ] dep5ds4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :]e ! adju/m5t ( :i* we speak has rea*$ a high /ate ( p]fection1 ! s\l n only transmits its message to ,god ) ! p]fect assurance ( be+ he>d1 b x is also cont9ually s5sitive to ! messages :i* incessantly fla% ?r\gh ! spiritual e!r f ,god1 b :i* only ^? c he> :o h le>n$ ! secret ( li/5+ = ,8 ^w4 ,9 deal+ ) ?is "q ( unansw]$ pray]1 we h giv5 ! fir/ place to :at seems to u ! mo/ important z well z ! lea/ frequ5tly reg>d$ reason--! lack ( spiritual discipl9e1 :i* is ultimately ! lack ( fai?1 ) :i* we pray4 ,:5 we rememb]1 moreov]1 t _m ( our petitions are fram$ 9 v natural & inevitable ignorance ( :at is = our true/ good1 we realise ano!r & v obvi\s reason = ! non-fulfilm5t ( a l>ge proportion ( ! wi%es we lay be=e ! ?rone ( ,god1 ^: goodness is z mu* atte/$ by :at ,he d5ies to our fooli%ness z by :at ,he grants to our entreaties4 ,& h[ num]\s are ! pray]s :i* reflection & an awak5$ moral s5se rule out ( c\rt3 pray]s :i* ask ,god to d = u by special int]v5tion :at we ought to d = ourselves by our own ef=t & indu/ry2 pray] = success 9 deal+s & ent]prises :i* 9 !mselves are e?ically #bac unju/ifiable1 & to :i* ! only answ] c\ld be1 ,?\ ?\ghte/ t ,i 0 altoge!r su* an "o z ?yself2 pray]s :i* c>ry ! _s ( egoism1 ( competition1 ( b>ga9+ ev5 into our relations ) ! ,mo/ ,high2 pray]s ( an imprecatory "* su* z meet & %ock u 9 "s ( ! psalms4 ,h[ c\ld ^! & _! l possibly be grant$ by a j & m]ciful ,creator8 ,b ap>t f su* presumptu\s1 fooli%1 or impi\s supplications z are at once repuls$ & rebuk$ by ! ,div9e sil5ce1 :at are ! objects we may lawfully pray =1 ask+ = a response8 ,x mu/ be confess$ t ) ! exception ( petitions = spiritual bless+s--= a deep] fai?1 = a m complete ob$i5ce1 = a humbl] he>t1 = a wid] sympa?y--su* z c nev] be out ( place1 x is impossible to draw a h>d-&-fa/ l9e2 !re is1 inde$1 a :ole va/ category ( possible objects ( pray] :i* "o _c a priori pron\nce legitimate or o!rwise4 ,we c only humbly confess t we "k n h[ to pray z we ought1 nor :at ?+s x is 9 our be/ int]e/ to h grant$ or )held f u2 b ) ?is proviso1 & ) ! clause1 ,nev]!less1 n my w b ,?9e1 add$ to our petitions1 !re c be no wrong 9 mak+ our reque/s to ,god = e mann] ( bless+1 mat]ial or o!rwise1 & :e!r on our own behalf or on behalf ( o!rs4 ,"h we may surely ) #bad all confid5ce & ) all rev]5ce invoke ! analogy ( human p>5?ood4 ,no true e>?ly p>5t is (f5d$ or mov$ to impati5ce by 8 *ildr5 express+ to him all _! wants & wi%es ) p]fect unres]ve1 ev5 ?\gh 8 lov+ wisdom has anticipat$ _! real ne$s1 & w decide :i* ( _! desires may be grant$2 inde$1 z we already h9t$1 ! grant+ ( ^? desires may dep5d to "s ext5t ^u ! *ildr5's attitude1 ^u ! filial1 tru/ful1 affectionate disposition !y exhibit4 ,s 9 reg>d to ! supplications we address to our ,fa!r 9 ,heav53 we _c ?9k ( ,8 be+ mov$ by our m]e importunity1 or by ! me*anical repetition ( set phrases2 b t ! fulfilm5t ( "s wi% ( ours may be condition$ by our humility & confid5ce 9 express+ x1 pres5ts no improbability4 ,9 any case1 :at is necess>y on our "p is t we %\ld h fai?1 n only 9 ,god's p[] to grant our petitions1 b 9 ,8 wisdom 9 grant+ or refus+ !m z may be mo/ exp$i5t = u4 ,we ourselves c1 )9 limits1 fulfil mo/ ( our *ildr5's reque/s2 b a wise & lov+ p>5t w _m a "t say no1 :5 8 *ild may m>vel at :at to him mu/ seem a m]e arbitr>y or ev5 unk9d refusal ( an innoc5t desire4 ,t hapless man ( g5ius1 ! late ,john ,davidson1 cond5s$ ! tru? into "o illum9at+ phrase :5 he spoke ( pray] rightly utt]$ z #bae submissive aspiration2 x w\ld be difficult to devise ano!r =m ( words equally brief yet conta9+ s mu* ( ! ess5ce ( ! matt]4 ,ev5 %ort ( actual fulfilm5t1 x is an immeasurable privilege simply to speak to ,god ab\t all ! ?+s t weigh on our m9ds1 assur$ ( ,8 he>+1 nor %\ld ! fact t ,he kn[s all ab\t our tr\bles be=e we op5 our lips conc]n+ !m re/ra9 our utt]ance2 = our object is n to give ,him in=mation1 b to place ourselves 9 consci\s communion ) ,him1 & by view+ our affairs 9 ,8 light to see light4 ,?is applies to all our petitions1 & p]haps 9 an especial measure to int]cessory pray]1 ^? t\*+ reque/s :i* we s5d up = our de> ones 9 sickness1 p]il1 sorr[1 ne$1 or any o!r adv]sity4 ,( c\rse1 all su* int]cessions ought to be m5tally qualifi$ by ! assurance t ,god w d :at is be/1 ev5 ?\gh we may be unable to und]/& ,8 decrees2 b !re is no?+ unreasonable 9 ! belief t our pray]s = o!rs may be1 & frequ5tly are1 directly effective1 sett+ en]gies 9 motion :i* might o!rwise h rema9$ lat5t & inop]ative4 ,h[ ^! en]gies op]ate may be q beyond our p[] to asc]ta9 or ev5 to guess2 b if--to say x once m--! action ( matt] on matt]1 ! h[ ( *emical comb9ations1 eludes u1 %all we compla9 because ! action ( m9d on m9d1 _s on _s1 is no #baf less elusive8 ,! f9al te/--:e!r1 e4g41 a "m's pray] t h] abs5t son may be pres]v$ f ! sn>e ( "s great temptation1 is able to "w a *ange 9 8 m9d--is1 z we said above1 ! te/ ( exp]i5ce2 & unless we are dogmatically det]m9$ to reject all te/imony :i* be>s on ?is subject1 !re seems no escap+ ! conclusion t specific pray]s h be5 specifically1 directly1 & unmi/akeably answ]$ 9 in/ances too num]\s to admit ( explanation by co9cid5ce4#h ,! volume ( human te/imony be>+ on ?is subject is too great to be swept aside by a simple refusal to consid] x2 if !re is no insurm\ntable logical ob/acle to ! possibility ( pray] prov+ objectively effective--& we h tri$ to %[ t !re are no su* ob/acles--we mu/ exam9e ! alleg$ in/ances ( su* answ]s )\t prejudice2 & if we d s1 !n1 aft] mak+ all legitimate d$uctions1 we %all /ill f9d a body ( residual fact :i* is n to be expla9$ away4 ,by all means1 !n1 we conclude1 let u obey ! in/9cts :i* urge u to turn to ,god 9 #bag pray]2 !y lie deep] & are less fallible--embody+ z !y d ! exp]i5ce ( ! race--?an our individual reason+s4 ,we may tell our ,fa!r 9 all simplicity ( :atev] desires we may *]i% ) an approv+ consci5ce1 leav+ ! fulfilm5t to ,8 wise & /eadfa/ love2 x is n ! ignorance ( our reque/s b ! fai?lessness ( our spirits t we mo/ /& 9 ne$ ( gu>d+ aga9/4 ,let u "h1 z else:]e1 foll[ ! example ( ! ,son ( ,god1 ^: unique intimacy ) ! ,fa!r made ,him only ! m e>ne/ 9 commun+ ) ,him1 lea/ lonely :5 alone ) ,god4 ,above all1 let u be> 9 m9d t ! be/ pray] is t :i* has lea/ ( self-seek+ 9 x1 b is answ]$ 9 ! mak+1 & s s5ds u back to our tasks--p]haps to our trials--refre%$ z by a draught f "s hidd5 & preci\s spr+1 r5ew$ 9 manhood & ne>] to ,god4 ,9 ! (t-quot$ aphorism ( ,george ,m]$i?1 ,he :o rises f 8 pray] a bett] man1 8 pray] is answ]$4 ,z a ,great] ?an ,m]$i? said1 ,y\r ,heav5ly ,fa!r kn[e? t ye h ne$ ( all ^! ?+s2 b seek ye fir/ ,8 ,k+dom1 & ,8 righte\sness1 & all ^! ?+s %all be add$ unto y4 ,! ideal pray] is t :i* w ask little1 aspire mu*1 submit altoge!r2 x is ! s\l's complete surr5d] to & re/ 9 ,god4 #a ,! ,rev4 ,e4 ,w4 ,lewis1 ,m4,a41 ,b4,d41 9 a pap] on ,! ,div9e ,imman5ce1 its ,mean+ & its ,implications4 ,comp>e also ,! ,new ,!ology1 p4 #cd4 ,z ,dr4 ,william ,adamson obs]ves1 ,! illu/ration is un=tunate4 ,! suppos$ ocean is to be ?\ght ( z inf9ite1 & ! bay is f9ite1 b 9 _! ess5ce & exi/5ce !y are ess5tially "o4 ,!re c be no bay :]e !re is no b\nd>y1 & :]e 9 ?is case c\ld ! b\nd>y be f\nd1 = !re c be no?+ outside ! inf9ite8 #b ,b\sset1 ,fai? ( a ,mod]n ,prote/ant1 p4 #ei4 #c ,! ,v>ieties ( ,religi\s ,exp]i5ce1 p4 #dff4 #d ,a ,c5tury's ,progress1 p4 #aje-f4 #e ,sp9oza1 by ,j4 ,allanson ,picton1 p4 #bac4 #f ,s f>1 ( c\rse1 z su* an attitude may be ! outcome ( an antec$5t disbelief 9 ,god1 x is p]fectly logical2 only we h no common gr\nd ) ^? :o take t view4 ,x is o!rwise1 h[ev]1 :]e an av[$ acceptance ( ,!ism is nev]!less accompani$ by d\bts z reg>ds any objective effects fl[+ f supplications address$ to ,god2 x is ) su* d\bts z ^! t we are conc]n$4 #g ,/udies 9 ,*ri/ian ,doctr9e1 p4 #aig4 #h ,precisely su* an in/ance 0 br\ght "u ! notice ( ! pres5t writ] by a correspond5t1 ^: pray]s t an abs5t "o 9 di/ant l&s might be able to resi/ ! p[] ( /rong temptation 0 he>d pa/ all d\bt+--& t )\t ! object ( ^! petitions be+ aw>e ( ! cause1 z let a rem>k ( 8 own atte/3 ,i don't "k :y1 b sometimes ,i feel myself 9 "s way held back f do+ c]ta9 ?+s--h[1 ,i _c expla92 ,i only "k t ,i %\ld d z o!rs d1 7 x n = ?is compell+ feel+4 #bah ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,immortality ,?r\gh\t ! prec$+ pages we h be5 pr9cipally engag$ 9 trac+ ! effects ( ! idea ( ,div9e imman5ce ^u ! ma9 cont5ts ( religi\s ?\ght4 ,:ile try+ to %[ t ?is idea1 rightly und]/ood & set 9 its prop] place1 embodies an important & at "o "t unduly neglect$ tru?1 we h also se5 t its mis9t]pretation & ov]-emphasis--! t5d5cy to view x z n only true b z con/itut+ ! :ole tru?--is att5d$ by dang]s ( a p>ticul>ly grave "*4 ,"u :atev] "n1 ideali/ic ,monism or any o!r1 ! doctr9e :i* recognises only "o ultimate ,exi/5ce express+ itself 9 all ?+s & work+ its w 9 all ev5ts1 is fatal to any religion wor?y ! "n2 inde$1 s9ce ! t]m religion indicates a l9k1 & a l9k is possible only betwe5 ?+s or be+s requir+ to be held toge!r1 ! fundam5tal t5et ( ,monism excludes religion 9 ! only vital s5se x has ev] be5 kn[n to be>1 & m especially ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,q #bai inevitably x ab&ons ! p]sonality & ,fa!rhood ( ,god1 ! selfhood & fre$om ( man1 ! reality ( s9 & evil1 :i* x describes z n-be+1 & ! value & rationality ( pray]--= h[ or to :om c we pray if we are already on ! et]nal ?rone8 ,q inevitably1 !re=e1 we may add1 ! vot>ies ( ?is philosophy1 9 attempt+ to accommodate x to ! facts ( life1 ! intuitions ( ! moral self & ! aspirations ( ! s\l1 are fac$ ev]y:]e by irreconcilable ant9omies & f9d no end1 9 w&]+ mazes lo/4 ,are ! assumptions ( ! moni/ any m 9 h>mony ) ! doctr9e ( immortality ?an ) ^? o!r beliefs ) :i* x ?us f9ds itself at v>iance8 ,we h already se5 t !y are n3 nei!r ! ,monism ( ,mr4 ,picton nor t ( ,mr4 ,wells leaves any room = p]sonal survival--z is1 inde$1 only to be expect$ 9 accordance ) _! premises2 = if ! individual z su* does n really exi/1 :y %\ld he p]si/8 ,& f yet ano!r moni/ic qu>t] we are oracul>ly assur$ t we %all "o day "k t ! end ( our be+ is t x may be subm]g$ )\t res]ve 9 ! inf9ite ocean ( ,god4 ,no?+ c\ld be m def9ite2 nor1 x mu/ be confess$1 m utt]ly hopeless4 ,to be subm]g$ )\t res]ve is to cease f ev5 ! illusion ( individuality2 x is absorption1 ,nirvana4 #bbj ,9 tak+ up ?is position1 9 f9ally qu5*+ ,! hope :]eto s passionately cl+ ,! dream+ g5]ations f ( old1 ! moni/ is m]ely true to 8 cre$2 we may1 h[ev]1 express a pref]5ce t he %\ld d s )\t religi\s circumlocutions--t ! v]dict %\ld be1 z 9 ! fam\s hi/orical in/ance1 la mort1 sans phrase4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,wells says-- ,i d n believe ,i h any p]sonal immortality4 4 4 ,! exp]im5t w be ov]1 ! r9s$ beak] return$ to its %elf1 ! cry/als gone dissolv+ d[n ! wa/epipe--#a we "k :]e we are1 & feel ?ankful to ! au?or = 8 frankness2 to talk ab\t subm]sion 9 ! inf9ite ocean ( ,god1 on ! o!r h&1 inve/s an idea :i*1 nak$ly /at$1 means annihilation pure & simple1 ) a pseudo-religi\s air :i* is f> m subtly dang]\s4 ,inde$1 ( ! v>i\s exp$i5ts = ext+ui%+ m5's fai? 9 ! life to come1 ?is is probably ! mo/ insidi\sly effective 9 use to-day2 x is ! silk5 h&k]*ief1 dr5*$ ) *lor(orm & held q g5tly to ! victim's face--a le?al weapon 9 all b appe>ance4 ,& !re are "s :o are attract$ by ! fa9t1 cloy+ od\r ( ?is *lor(orm4 ,be=e we exam9e ?is fa%ionable doctr9e ( absorption1 h[ev]1 x may be well to deal #bba ) c]ta9 o!r causes :i* betwe5 !m acc\nt = mu* ( ! uneas9ess--(t5 unav[$ b nev]!less v real--conc]n+ a future life1 :i* unque/ionably is widely felt 9 our day4 ,all ass]tions to ! contr>y not)/&+1 x is a case ( uneas9ess1 & n ( indiff]5ce2 ! bravado :i* pr(esses to give ?anks to :atev] gods !re be-- ,t no life lives = ev] ,t dead m5 rise up nev]1 ,t ev5 ! we>ie/ riv] ,w9ds some:]e safe to sea-- conv9ces no "o4 ,mo/ m5 h kn[n moods ( sev]e depression & lassitude :5 n to be at all seem$ ! "o consummation to be desir$2 b t is n ! normal attitude ( normal p4 ,su* w\ld /ill fa9 believe t ! grave is n ! end1 b _m ( !m are 9 a /ate ( bewild]m5t & insecurity4 ,on ! "o h& m5 h nev] gr[n reconcil$ to ! he>t-break+ triviality ( dea?1 nev] accept$ ?is disp5sation )\t a "q1 a hope1 or1 fail+ hope1 a s5se ( rebellion2 on ! o!r1 we h to recognise t we live 9 an age :5 multitudes h ceas$ to accept religi\s beliefs simply ^u ! au?ority ( ! ,bible--:5 educat$ p g5]ally h come q def9itely to disbelieve 9 ! resurrection ( ! body1 a f9al day ( judgm5t1 a localis$ #bbb heav5 & mat]ial hell--an age :i* mu/ be "o ( manifold d\bts & misgiv+s4 ,b ?is break-up ( ,biblical au?ority & its unque/ion+ acceptance is itself l>gely due to t resi/less advance ( physical sci5ce :i* has recon/ruct$ ! _w = u ) su* ma/]ful h&s4 ,! results ( ! mod]n conception ( ! univ]se are only j beg9n+ to get into our sy/em2 z yet !y are /ill l>gely unassimilat$1 & give u tr\ble accord+ly4 ,let u take su* a /atem5t z ! foll[+1 & imag9e its effect ^u ! av]age individual3-- ,?9k ( ,m]cury 9 its wild ru% ?r\gh ! sol> heat1 or ,v5us gleam+ 9 ! we/]n sky1 or ruddy ,m>s ) its tantalis+ problems1 or ( mighty ,jupit] #a1bcj times ! size ( our own planet1 or ( ,saturn ) its wondr\s r+s1 or ( ,uranus & ,neptune revolv+ 9 _! trem5d\s orbits--! latt] ne>ly ?ree ?\s& millions ( miles away f ! c5tre ( our sy/em4 4 4 ,b ! true awfulness is yet unt\*$4 ,:at ( ! millions ( millions ( suns t blaze 9 immeasurable space beyond our comp>atively little sol> sph]e8 ,sirius alone1 at ! foot ( ! con/ellation ( ,orion1 is #abe times l>g] ?an our sun4 ,fifte5 hundr$ millions ( millions ( miles away1 :]e ord9>y eyes dimly descry half a doz5 po9ts ( light1 ! telescope reveals m ?an a ?\s& orbs1 "s sev5ty ( !m va/] ?an our sun4 ,:at inde$ is ! :ole ( ?is our t9y planet comp>$ ) ,alcyone--#a1jjj times l>g] ?an our c5tral sun6#b ,^!1 ( c\rse1 are among ! commonplaces ( mod]n a/ronomy2 b we d n ?9k we #bbc are wrong 9 say+ t !y leave a great _m m9ds s+ul>ly ill at ease1 9 a condition ( vague b unmi/akeable discom=t1 oppress$ by ! va/ness ( ! univ]se z reveal$ by sci5ce1 feel+ lo/ & utt]ly insignificant 9 ?is illimitable expanse ( worlds on circl+ worlds1 & aeons ^u exhau/less aeons4 ,x 0 possible1 :5 ! univ]se 0 reg>d$ z a comp>atively small affair1 ) our e>? z its v]itable c5tre1 to ?9k oneself ( suffici5t value 9 ! s*eme ( ?+s to live = ev]2 b n[ su* a claim seems to n a few grotesque 9 its presumption4 ,h we n be5 told by ,mr4 ,balf\r t1 s f> z natural sci5ce by itself is able to tea* u1 man's v exi/5ce is an accid5t1 8 /ory a brief & discr$itable episode 9 ! life ( "o ( ! meane/ ( ! planets8--& %all su* a "o1 memb] ( su* a race1 dream ( prolong+ 8 atomic exi/5ce _w )\t end8 ,z ,lucretius ask$3-- ,:at6 ,%all ! dateless worlds to du/ be bl[n ,back to ! unrememb]$ & unkn[n1 ,& ?is frail ,?\--?is flame ( ye/]day-- ,burn on1 =lorn1 immortal1 & alone8 ,?is m5tal attitude1 famili> en\gh n[adays1 has be5 =cibly & typically express$ 9 a clev]1 melan*oly book1 ,! ,lett]s ,:i* nev] ,rea*$ ,him4 ,we suff]1 ! au?or says1 f our own dim9utiv5ess & f ! n>r[ limits ( our life & k s9ce ! endlessness ( space & "t h #bbd be5 taught to u4 ,p ( =m] epo*s _c h kn[n ?is contra/ betwe5 human smallness & ! _w's inf9ity2 !y mu/ h be5 m cont5t$1 because !y fanci$ !y 7 made 9 "r proportion to ev]y?+ else4 ,su* conditions z ^! fav\r$ ! fl\ri%+ ( t highe/ blossom ( ! conviction ( p]sonal importance1 ! belief 9 "o's et]nal individual cont9uance4 ,b "o :o has be5 ca/ by ! waves on c\ntless =eign %ores1 & :o has reflect$ t ev]y:]e1 & s9ce times inf9ite1 millions & millions h be5 born & buri$ )\t leav+ by _! com+ & go+ m trace ?an ! sw>ms ( insects :i* = a mom5t glide ?r\gh ! rays ( ! sun--su* a "o loses ! belief 9 ! importance ( all transitory phases1 & d\bts ! inn] necessity ( an et]nal cont9uance = all ^? ephem]al1 ant-l exi/5ces :i* 9 endless1 un*ang+ repetitions ev] rise anew to disappe> aga94 ,mod]n a/ronomy & geology1 by exp&+ ! _w beyond all conception1 seem1 9 fact1 b to emphasise ,om> ,khayyam's mock+ l9es3-- ,& fe> n le/ ,exi/5ce1 clos+ y\r ,acc\nt & m9e1 %\ld "k ! l no m2 ,! ,et]nal ,saki f t b[l ha? p\r'd ,millions ( ,bubbles l u1 & w p\r4 ,& if su* are ! reflections =c$ ^u u by ! contemplation ( ! va/ness ( #bbe ! cosmos--a va/ness 9 ^: mid/ we feel homeless & =lorn--x has fur!r to be rememb]$ t ! attitude ( mod]n sci5ce1 z embodi$ 9 t ( "s ( its mo/ confid5t & popul> repres5tatives1 has be5 di/9ctly & op5ly unfav\rable to belief 9 a future life4 ,if man 0 truly desc5d$ f ! l[] creation1 x seem$ obvi\s to inf] t z _h be5 8 orig91 s also w\ld be 8 de/9y--! de/9y ( ! bea/s t p]i%4 ,! ,kraft und ,/(f s*ool ( physici/s proclaim$ al\d t consci\sness 0 only a function ( ! bra91 & w\ld come to a /op toge!r ) ! me*anism :i* produc$ x2 z ,haeckel express$ x1 ,! v>i\s functions ( ! s\l are b\nd up ) c]ta9 special p>ts ( ! bra91 & _c be ex]cis$ unless ^! are 9 a normal condition2 if ! areas are de/roy$ _! function is ext+ui%$2 & ?is is especially applicable to ! 'organs ( ?\ght1' ! f\r c5tral in/rum5ts ( m5tal activity4 #c ,b if our inn] life 0 m]ely ! c\nt]p>t ( c]ta9 *anges 9 ! grey matt] ( ! bra91 h[ c\ld ! function be expect$ to p]si/ aft] its organ _h und]gone decay8 ,su*1 9 %ort1 are our pr9cipal mod]n difficulties ) reg>d to belief 9 a life to come2 d !y1 or d !y n1 pres5t valid & insup]able ob/acles to a reasonable fai?8 #bbf 7#a7 ,:ile mak+ all all[ance = ! feel+ ( insignificance & =lornness :i* is apt to ov]:elm u :5 we beg9 to realise ! imm5sity ( ! mat]ial univ]se1 a little clos] ?\ght %\ld make x obvi\s t no?+ 9 ! nature ( m]e bulk or bigness furni%es ev5 a reasonable presumption1 let alone a conv9c+ argum5t1 aga9/ ! survival ( ! s\l2 x is inde$ difficult to p]ceive :at legitimate be>+ ^! physical ph5om5a are suppos$ to h ^u a purely spiritual "q4 ,if we are to argue on a priori gr\nds1 we are on ! contr>y ju/ifi$ 9 say+ t ! human m9d1 :i* has discov]$ & is capable ( co-ord9at+ ! myriad facts conc]n+ ! _w ( matt] t make up mod]n sci5ce1 is itself some?+ f> m wond]ful ?an any ( its discov]ies1 or ! sum ( !m4 ,if we are ask$1 ,is x conceivable t suns & />s %all pass away--z !y und\bt$ly w--& t man %all p]si/8 we c b answ]1 ,yes2 x is v conceivable2 = man is f> m highly organis$ ?an suns & />s1 moves on an immeasurably high] level1 c reason1 look be=e & aft]1 =m ideals ( conduct1 rea* out 9 love1 & ?9k ! ?\ghts ( ,god aft] ,him4 ,z soon z we leave ! l[] rea*es ( be+1 bulk is se5 to matt] v little4 ,! imm5se proportions ( ^? fly+ reptiles & o!r mon/]s :i* peopl$ ! e>? 9 pre-hi/oric #bbg times did n protect !m aga9/ dy+ out1 & _! places be+ tak5 by mu* slight] creatures :i* _h "s m valuable attributes ?an size2 ! diplodocus ,c>negii 9 ! ,briti% ,museum measures "s sev5ty-five feet1 b t fact did n prev5t ! species f becom+ ext9ct unc\nt$ ages s9ce--simply because x 0 lack+ 9 ! high] qualities :i* w\ld h enabl$ x to survive4 ,& ev5 ! diplodocus1 ) its lumb]+ body & dim9utive bra91 0 :ole worlds sup]ior to inorganic nature4 ,t ! m>vell\s ?+ call$ human p]sonality %\ld outla/ ! decay ( :at is s mu* inf]ior to itself1 is !re=e n only n inconceivable1 b 9 itself n ev5 improbable4 ,x is a /range sort ( mode/y--to say ! lea/ ( x--:i* w\ld make u ?9k ourselves ( less acc\nt 9 ! scale ( exi/5ce or ! sight ( ,god ?an unconsci\s matt] 9 its crud] & l[] /ages4 ,"o might z s5sibly urge t ! delicate hairspr+ ( a wat*1 be+ ( fea!rweight & almo/ invisible1 mu/ be wor? less ?an a lump ( crude iron-ore4 7#b7 ,we turn to ! suppos$ argum5t f evolution1 viz41 f man's l[ly orig91 z furni%+ a /rong presumption aga9/ 8 immortality4 ,?is plea1 famili> en\gh 9 sceptical discussions ( ! subject1 has be5 put =w>d ) great poetic =ce by ,mr4 ,william ,watson2 aft] graphically describ+ #bbh ! gibb]+ =m obsc5e t 0 & 0 n man1 z l[] 9 _m respects ?an ! bea/s & birds 9 ^: mid/ he dwelt1 he sugge/s t x 0 ,r "s r&om ?r[ ,( he$less ,nature's die1 ',tw\ld seem1 t f s l[ ,ha? lift$ man s high4 ,if1 !n1 our rise f gloom ,ha? ?is caprici\s air1 ,:at gr\nd is m9e to assume ,an upw>d process !re1 ,9 yond] worlds t %9e ,f upw>d tracts ( sky8 ,no gr\nd to assume is m9e ,nor w>rant to d5y4 ,equal1 my s\rce ( hope1 my reason = despair4 ,b1 ) great admiration = ,mr4 ,watson z a poet1 x is impossible n to recognise t at lea/ two radical flaws lurk 9 8 agno/ic argum5t4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 he makes ! mi/ake ( judg+ issues by orig9s in/ead ( orig9s by issues2 ! sub-human beg9n+s ( man tr\ble u n at all1 s9ce we c see 9 ! subsequ5t hi/ory ( ! race h[ great 7 ! possibilities infold$ 9 t gibb]+ =m obsc5e1 & unfold$ 9 a ,plato1 a ,raphael1 a ,%akespe>e4 ,t su* a developm5t f su* a l[ly initial /age %\ld h be5 s mu* z possible1 is 9 itself significant ( mu*2 = no?+ is evolv$ t 0 n fir/ involv$4 ,b 9 ! second place1 ,mr4 ,watson's assumption t ! process :i* lift$ man f ! level ( ! #bbi brute to "o immeasurably high] 0 dictat$ by hap & haz>d /rikes u z :olly gratuit\s4 ,on ! face ( x1 t process1 9 itself s little to be expect$1 be>s ! m>k1 n ( *ance b ( its v contr>y4 ,t ! cosmic drama %\ld h foll[$ ?is p>ticul> c\rse2 t f ! cool+ d[n ( fi]y nebulas !re %\ld h come =? ! ord]ly sy/em we behold 9 nature2 t life %\ld h climb$ up f ! speck ( protoplasm ?r\gh primal ooze & slime1 mak+ its way /ep by /ep ?r\gh all ! l[] creation until x blossom$ into man--?is1 to ! unbiass$ m9d1 does n we> ! aspect ( m]e incalculable accid5t1 b ( all-embrac+ wisdom & directivity4 ,& once we h %ak5 (f ! delusion t ! m>vell\s ord] & progress we behold 9 nature are ! outcome ( *ance1 we h ! be/ ( reasons = assum+ t ! same upw>d process w /ill cont9ue1 rea*+ =w>d f ! se5 to ! unse52 at any rate1 s well-qualifi$ & ?or\gh-go+ an evolutioni/ z ,pr(essor ,fiske gave x z 8 mature op9ion t 9 ! c\rse ( evolution !re is no m philosophical difficulty 9 man's acquir+ immortal life1 ?an 9 8 acquir+ ! erect po/ure & articulate spee*4 #d #bcj ,& ! reasonabl5ess ( ?is view gr[s ! cle>] to u ! m we realise ! purposive "* ( ! evolution>y process4 ,! unmi/akeable purpose ( t process is ! production ( ! high] f ! l[]2 all ?r\gh ! ages ! va/ design works itself out 9 a ceaseless asc5d+ movem5t1 ! !me exp&+1 its mean+ becom+ m app>5t4 ,!n1 :5 a c]ta9 po9t 9 ?is developm5t has be5 rea*$1 evolution takes a direction su* z no "o c\ld h =eca/3 its op]ation ^u ! physical frame is div]t$ to ! m9d1 ! c5tre ( int]e/ transf]r$ f ! outw>d organism to ! inn] =ces ( :i* x is ! vehicle--& man becomes a liv+ s\l4 ,s9ce1 !n1 x has tak5 all ^! myriad ages1 all ?is imm5se exp5diture ( plann+ & en]gy1 to produce :at is inconte/ably ! cr[n+ "w ( creation on ?is globe1 mu/ we n say t ?is 0 ! issue t[>ds :i* ! :ole process 0 set 9 motion f ! v beg9n+8 ,& if ?is is s1 are we to ?9k t at ! end1 :5 its c>efully1 pati5tly wr\ght-out purpose has be5 atta9$1 ?is process sudd5ly turns irrational1 & h&s ov] its la/ & highe/ product to de/ruction8 ,z has be5 well said1 ,to suppose t :at has be5 evolv$ at su* co/ w sudd5ly collapse1 is to suppose t ! :ole s*eme ( ?+s is self-/ultify+2 & = su* a supposition we #bca see n only no necessity1 b no %ad[ ( w>rant4 ,! "q is r$uc$ to ?is3 are man's highe/ spiritual qualities1 into ! production ( :i* all ?is creative en]gy has gone1 to disappe> ) ! re/8 ,has all ?is "w be5 done = no?+8 ,is x all ephem]al1 all a bubble t bur/s1 a vision t fades8 ,are we to reg>d ! ,creator's "w z l t ( a *ild1 :o builds h\ses out ( blocks1 j = ! pleasure ( knock+ !m d[n8 ,= aught t sci5ce c tell u1 x may be s1 b ,i c see no good reason = believ+ any su* ?+ 4 4 4 ,! m ?or\ghly we compreh5d t process ( evolution by :i* ?+s h come to be :at !y are1 ! m we are likely to feel t to d5y ! ev]la/+ p]si/5ce ( ! spiritual elem5t 9 man is to rob ! :ole process ( its mean+4 ,x goes f> t[>ds putt+ u to p]man5t intellectual confusion1 & ,i d n see t anyone has z yet alleg$1 or is ev] likely to allege1 a suffici5t reason = our accept+ s dire an alt]native4#e ,if belief 9 ! s\l's p]si/5ce mu/ always be an act ( fai?1 x is = ! evolutioni/ an act ( reasonable fai?1 bas$ on 8 exp]i5ce ( ! rationality1 & :at has be5 call$ ! integrity1 ( ! cosmos4 7#c7 ,( ! ho/ility ( physical sci5ce to belief 9 life beyond ! grave x is p]haps suffici5t to say t ! some:at dogmatic attitude ( d5ial :i* fl\ri%$ 9 c]ta9 sci5tific circles some:]e ab\t a qu>t] ( a c5tury ago has to-day made room = a v diff]5t temp]1 at once m sympa!tic & m will+ to ackn[l$ge #bcb t a belief is n necess>ily disprov$ because ! me?ods ( ! *emical or biological laboratory fail to sub/antiate x4 ,z = ! crude proposition t ! bra9 secretes ?\ght z ! liv] secretes bile1 & t ! life ( ! s\l mu/ cease ) t ( ! body1 ?is 0 *>act]is$ by ! em95t ?9k] :om we quot$ a mom5t ago z p]haps ! mo/ colossal in/ance ( baseless assumption t is kn[n to ! hi/ory ( philosophy4 ,admitt+ t to e /ate ( consci\sness1 to e m9ute/ transition 9 our ?\ghts1 !re corresponds a c]ebral *ange1 x is yet no?+ less ?an a *ildi% blund] to conf\nd correspond5ce ) causality4 ,! mat]iali/ has positively no good gr\nd = /at+ t c]ebral *anges are ! causes ( ! m5tal /ates correspond+ to !m2 inde$1 ! contr>y proposition is f> m inh]5tly probable1 s9ce x is _s1 & n matt]1 t possesses ! p[] ( purpose1 & may !re=e be reg>d$ z ! f9al cause ( matt]4#f ,:5 ,pr(essor ,haeckel urges t ! v>i\s functions ( ! s\l are b\nd up ) c]ta9 special p>ts ( ! bra91 & cease :5 ! latt] are de/roy$1 ! reply is q simple3 non sequitur4 ,he has app>5tly =gott5 8 own w>n+ aga9/ ! dang]\s error ( a "o-sid$ ov]-e/imation ( exp]i5ce4 #g #bcc ,! utmo/ t exp]i5ce c prove is t ! bra9 is ! transmitt+ app>atus = fla%+ =? & mak+ intelligible ! messages ( ! s\l1 & t1 :5 ?is app>atus breaks d[n1 fur!r transmission ( messages becomes impossible2 b no exp]i5ce c prove t :5 ! in/rum5t is de/roy$1 ! s\l :i* us$ x = purposes ( communication & self-manife/ation ceases to be1 & only slip%od logic w\ld draw su* an inf]5ce4 ,9 discuss+ ! ,div9e ,p]sonality1 we already quot$ ,mill1 a f> m c>eful reason] ?an ,haeckel1 :o laid x d[n t :ile exp]i5ce furni%$ u ) no example ( any s]ies ( /ates ( consci\sness )\t a mat]ial bra91 yet x 0 z easy to imag9e su* a s]ies ( /ates )\t z ) ?is accompanim5t2 inde$1 he saw no valid reason to preclude u f suppos+ t ! same ?\ghts1 emotions1 volitions1 & ev5 s5sations :i* we h "h1 may p]si/ or recomm5ce some:]e else "u o!r conditions--i4e41 )\t su* an app>atus z is at pres5t at our disposal4 ,x is only a dogmatic mat]iali/ ( ,haeckel's almo/ ext9ct patt]n :o c\ld fail to make ! simple di/9ction betwe5 visible in/rum5t & invisible play]4 ,turn+ aside1 h[ev]1 f ! antiquat$ views ( ,haeckel--views :i*1 z he himself bitt]ly compla9s1 "s ( 8 mo/ #bcd illu/ri\s sci5tific compe]s 9 8 own c\ntry1 m5 l ,vir*[1 ,du ,bois-,reymond & ,wundt liv$ to repudiate#h--we may = a mom5t glance at an argum5t on behalf ( belief br\ght =w>d by s di/+ui%$ & mod]n a spokesman ( physical sci5ce z ,sir ,oliv] ,lodge4 ,8 cont5tion1 set =? 9 ! c\rse ( a pap] on ,! ,p]man5ce ( ,p]sonality1#i is really id5tical ) t :i* ,br[n+ expresses ) su* passionate conviction 9 ! words1 ,!re %all nev] be "o lo/ good4 ,:ile we h become famili> ) su* a conception z ! cons]vation ( en]gy1 ,sir ,oliv] ,lodge br+s be=e u ,pr(essor ,hffd+'s axiom ( ! cons]vation ( value1 & applies x to ! "q "u discussion4 ,accord+ to him1 ! :ole progress & c\rse ( evolution is to increase & int5sify ! ,valuable--t :i* 'avails' or is s]viceable = highe/ purposes2 & he accord+ly def9es immortality z ! p]si/5ce ( ?+s :i* ! univ]se has ga9$ & :i*1 once acquir$1 _c be let g4 ,f ?is po9t ( view1 he says1 ! law ( evolution is t ,good %all on ! :ole increase 9 ! univ]se ) ! process ( ! suns3 t immortality itself is a special case ( a m g5]al law1 namely1 t 9 ! :ole univ]se no?+ really f9ally p]i%es t is wor? keep+1 t a ?+ once atta9$ #bce is n ?r[n away4 ,! s\l1 9 o!r words1 w n p]i%--j z we _h already argu$--because x is too valuable to p]i%2 if we may tru/ ?is late/ int]pretation ( ! mean+ & purpose ( evolution1 ! spiritual elem5t 9 man w endure because x is wor?y to endure4 ,b h[ are we to ?9k ( its endur+8 ,z a sep>ate self1 consci\s ( its id5tity1 able to =m ! proposition ,i am ,i1 or swall[$ up 9 ! ,:ole1 ) a f9al m]g+ & loss ( selfhood8 ,mu/ we ?9k ( man's ultimate de/9y 9 ! t]ms ( ! conclud+ di/i*s ( ,mr4 ,watson's great ,hymn to ! ,sea--a consummation ,:51 f ?is ?re%old ( be+1 ^! /eps ( ! ,pres5ce1 ?is prec9ct1 ,into ! matrix ( ,life d>kly div9ely resum$1 ,man & 8 littl5ess p]i%1 eras$ l an error & cancell$1 ,man & 8 greatness survive1 lo/ 9 ! greatness ( ,god8 ,t is ! qu]y ) :i* we op5$ ?is *apt]2 &1 9 answ]+ x1 x is b fair to say t ,sir ,oliv] ,lodge %[s a m>k$ incl9ation to take up a position id5tical ) t ( ,mr4 ,watson3 ,ev]y?+ suffici5tly valuable1 he says1 be x beauty1 arti/ic a*ievem5t1 k1 unselfi% affection1 may be ?\ght ( z endur+ h5ce=? & = ev]1 if n ) an individual #bcf & p]sonal exi/5ce1 yet z "p ( ! et]nal ,be+ ( ,god4 ,n[ ?is is n only a :olly unsatisfactory conclusion f ! po9t ( view ( religion2 x is a surr5d] ( ! v po9t at issue--viz41 ! p]man5ce ( p]sonality--& 9 reality lets slip :at ,sir ,oliv] ,lodge himself 0 cont5d+ =4 ,x is unsatisfactory f ! po9t ( view ( religion2 = su* a re-absorption ( ! s\l into a gr& self-consci\s totality ( be+1 involv+ ( necessity ! end ( all we mean by individuality1 consci\sness1 "*1 is n immortality at all--to all int5ts & purposes x is1 z we said1 annihilation4 ,!re is n an iota to *oose1 s f> z ! religi\s believ] is conc]n$1 betwe5 ?is !ory & ! frank mat]ialism ( ,lucretius1 s wond]fully r5d]$ by ,mr4 ,mallock3-- ,! se$s t once 7 we take flight & fly1 ,w9n[$ to e>?1 or :irl$ along ! sky1 ,n lo/ b disunit$4 ,life lives on4 ,x is ! lives1 ! lives1 ! lives t die4 ,!y g beyond recapture & recall1 ,lo/ 9 ! all-indissoluble ,all3 ,gone l ! ra9b[ f ! f\nta9's foam1 ,gone l ! sp9drift %udd]+ d[n ! squall1 ,flakes ( ! wat]1 on ! wat]s cease6 ,s\l ( ! body1 melt & sleep l ^!4 ,atoms to atoms--we>9ess to re/-- ,a%es to a%es--hopes & fe>s to peace6 #bcg ,pan!ism may speak delusively ( ! peace ( absorption 9 ! ,inf9ite1 or ( ! end ( our be+ z subm]sion1 )\t res]ve1 9 ! inf9ite ocean ( ,god2 b reg>d$ f ! /&po9t ( individuality1 !re is no diff]5ce betwe5 su* a fate & ! total ext9ction ( ! s\l-- ,! heal+ gospel ( ! et]nal dea? --prea*$ ) su* haunt+ eloqu5ce by ! ,roman poet4 ,! tru?1 z ,dr4 ,ill+wor? has well express$ x1 is t 9 practice ,pan!ism is really indi/+ui%able f ,mat]ialism2 x is m]ely ,mat]ialism gr[n s5tim5tal1 b no m t5able = its *ange ( "n4 #aj ,b1 9 ! next place1 9 t5tatively committ+ himself to ! conclusion we are criticis+1 x seems to u t ,sir ,oliv] ,lodge loses sight ( ! v ess5ce ( 8 own cont5tion3 8 conclusion1 9 effect1 contradicts 8 premises4 ,syllogi/ically1 &1 ( c\rse1 v bluntly /at$1 8 argum5t might be summ$ up z foll[s3 ,:at is ( value is pres]v$2 ! s\l is ( value2 !re=e ! s\l is--dissolv$4 ,let u put ?is a little m explicitly4 ,t :i* has be5 ga9$ 9 ! c\rse ( evolution1 s f> z ! human s\l is conc]n$--t :i* makes x wor?y to endure1 viz41 its "*1 consci5ce1 idealism & s =?--belongs to ! #bch s\l precisely z an individual entity1 & 9 no o!r way :atsoev]2 nei!r c x be effectively pres]v$ save 9 ! =m ( an individual entity4 ,! s\l1 9 o!r words1 is n to be comp>$ to a m]e quantum ( raw mat]ial1 or to a cupful ( wat] tempor>ily drawn f an inf9ite deep into :i* x may be p\r$ back1 & no?+ lo/3 x is1 on ! contr>y1 a highly individualis$ product1 s individual z to be unique1 & 9 simply be+ m]g$ 9 ! totality ( be+ all t is mo/ valuable 9 x w\ld be lo/ & wa/$4 ,we h no difficulty 9 believ+ t m]e life--! pot5tiality1 ! mat]ial out ( :i* high] ?+s evolve--may g back into ! all1 to arise aga9 9 new manife/ations & comb9ations2 b x is o!rwise ) ! highly complex resultant ( ! evolution>y process :i* we call p]sonality1 end[$ z x is ) self-consci\sness1 ) ! s5se ( "r & wrong1 ! capacity = ideals1 ! faculty ( self-giv+1 a god-l )9 answ]+ to ! ,god )\t4 ,x is because ^! ?+s--^? :i* avail = highe/ purposes--make man p]sonal & m>k him (f1 broadly speak+1 f ! l[]1 sub-human life out ( :i* he has em]g$1 t we believe 9 ! p]man5ce ( human p]sonality1 ( ! spiritual elem5t 9 man1 9 ! survival ( ! s\l z individual & p]sonal1 & n m]ely z "p ( ! et]nal ,be+ ( ,god4 ,a simple illu/ration w help u to en=ce our #bci po9t ( view4 ,9 ! process ( porcela9 manufacture ! half-f9i%$ w>e is plac$ 9 segg>s or co>se clay %ells = protection 9 ! glaze or enamel kiln4 ,^! tempor>y %ells1 hav+ s]v$ _! purpose1 are brok5 up & gr\nd d[n aga9 into a %apeless mass "u heavy revolv+ roll]s2 b no "o w\ld dream ( treat+ ! graceful vases & figures !y enclos$ = a "t aft] ! same fa%ion4 ,! p>allel is fairly obvi\s3 ! protect+ clay envelope brok5 to pieces1 m]g$ & m+l$ ) o!r clay1 to be s us$ & brok5 a hundr$ times2 ! preci\s product c>efully tak5 f its co>se %ell & pres]v$4 ,! du/ returns to ! e>? z x 01 & ! _s returns unto ,god :o gave x3 returns1 b n z x came =? f ,him1 b diff]5tiat$1 individual1 %ap$ & col\r$2 returns1 n to be absorb$ & lo/ 9 an all-indissoluble ,all1 b1 z we hold1 = /ill fur!r processes ( p]fect+4 ,& if we are ask$ = ! gr\nd :5ce we d]ive ! latt] assurance1 we answ]1 ,x is f\nd$ ^u our belief1 n 9 a univ]sal sub/ance or an all-inclusive consci\sness ( be+1 b 9 ! ,god & ,fa!r ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,by no possibility c ^! two conceptions be made to h>monise or to pass into "o ano!r2 on ! =m] view1 z we h se51 ! significance ( ! individual s\l is & mu/ be nil--on ! latt]1 ! value ( ! s\l is inf9ite1 because x is #bdj ! object ( ! ,div9e ,love1 creat$ by ,god unto ,himself1 9 ord] to exp]i5ce & respond to ,8 affection4 ,on ! =m] view1 we are f9ite modes ( inf9ite ,be+--on ! latt]1 we are *ildr5 ( ! ,fa!r4 ,x is because we h believ$ ! love :i* ,god ha? to u--! love made manife/ supremely 9 ,jesus ,*ri/--t we e*o s confid5tly ! poet's ,?\ wilt n leave u 9 ! du/3 ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e ( immortality fl[s q naturally f ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e ( ,god4 ,! argum5t is frankly e?ical2 x fl[s f ! view ( ,god's "* :i* we h receiv$ ?r\gh ! revelation ( t "* 9 ,8 ,son4 ,)\t hurl+ any wild indictm5t at life1 we d>e to say t x requires to be supplem5t$ by ! life to come 9 ord] to fit 9 ) ! idea ( a j & lov+ ,god1 a fai?ful & m]ciful ,creator4 ,?is span ( days1 ?is h&'s-bread? ( exi/5ce1 is too palpably fragm5t>y4 ,! s9n]1 ! failure1 all ^? :o h "h miss$ ! way1 ask ano!r opportunity ( ! ,div9e m]cy2 ! wrong$1 ! suff]]s f unm]it$ griefs1 ^? ^: lives pass$ 9 gloom & clos$ 9 trag$y1 appeal = ju/ice2 ! long+ = reunion ) lov$ ones ^: go+ h5ce has left u p]man5tly poor]1 dem&s fulfilm5t2 ! goodness ( ! good & ! sanctity ( ! sa9t plead = ! wages ( go+ on4 ,?is e?ical argum5t = p]sonal #bda immortality--,br[n+'s ,on ! e>? ! brok5 arcs2 9 ! heav5 ! p]fect r\nd--w c>ry no weight ) ^? :o pr(ess a religion ( ! univ]se2 = ! univ]se1 view$ simply z ! sum-total ( ph5om5a1 possesses1 z we h s frequ5tly po9t$ out1 no suffici5tly decid$ moral "* to inspire u ) confid5ce 9 its ju/ice1 or m]cy1 or pitifulness4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! same argum5t w p[]fully appeal to all :o believe 9 ! ,div9e ,goodness1 & especially to ^? :o1 look+ unto ,jesus1 h 9 ,8 face beheld ! l9eam5ts ( ! ,fa!r4 ,if ,god be su* z ,jesus taught1 !n life ev]la/+ may be a dim1 intangible dream1 b a dream t is de/9$ to come true3 we %all be satisfi$ :5 we awake4 ,?us1 at ! close ( ?is inquiry1 we f9d ourselves left ) two ultimate realities--two1 n "o2 alike1 n id5tical2 relat$1 & !re=e di/9ct1 = a relation c only subsi/ betwe5 "o & ano!r3 ! realities ( ,god & ! s\l4 ,gott und die ,seele1 die ,seele und ihr ,gott--^! two1 et]nally ak91 yet 9 _! k9%ip unconf\nd$1 make up ! !me & ! cont5t ( religion2 & any attempt to oblit]ate ! di/9ction betwe5 !m 9 "s moni/ic =mula1 any t5d5cy to surr5d] ei!r ! ,div9e or ! human p]sonality1 any philosophy :i* seeks to m]ge man 9 ,god & ,god 9 ! #bdb univ]se1 is fatal to religion itself4 ,we h be5 told ( late t !re is no ,div9e imman5ce :i* does n imply ! allness ( ,god2 we reply t !re is no sane & sob] !ology :i* w n feel call$ ^u to *all5ge ?is fundam5tal error4 ,god1 imman5t 9 ! univ]se z life & en]gy1 is n ! univ]se2 man1 ! p>tak] ( ! ,div9e nature1 indwelt by ! ,_s ( ,god1 is o!r ?an ,god4 ,^! are commonplaces1 truly2 yet 9 ! pres5ce ( m ?an "o contempor>y movem5t aim+ to set ^! basal tru?s aside--tru?s ^: acceptance or rejection involves f>-rea*+ issues 9 fai? & morals--!re may be "s excuse & ev5 "s necessity = reit]at+ !m s p]si/5tly & at su* l5g? z has be5 done 9 ^! pages4 ,man is inali5ably ak9 to ,god--man is ev]la/+ly o!r ?an ,god2 ^u ?is note we are cont5t to close4 ,9 t fact we h1 n only ! ultimate explanation ( ! ph5om5on ( religion1 ! ultimate f\ndation ( e?ics1 ! ultimate gr\nd ( ! felt ne$ ( salvation1 b also ! ultimate hope ( immortality--t reasonable hope1 express$ by ! ,hebrew se] = all "t 9 words ( sublime & intuitive insight3 ,art n ,,?\ f ev]la/+1 ,o ,"l my ,god1 m9e ,holy ,"o8 ,,we ,,%all ,,n ,,die4 #a ,fir/ & ,la/ ,?+s1 pp4 #hj1 #bch4 #b ,ball>d1 ,*ri/ian ,ess5tials1 pp4 #aj-ab4 #c ,! ,riddle ( ! ,univ]se1 p4 #gb4 #d ,life ,ev]la/+1 p4 #he4 ,to ! same effect is ,huxley's /atem5t decl>+ t :ile he w\ld nei!r affirm nor d5y ! immortality ( man1 immortality itself /ruck him z n half s wond]ful z ! cons]vation ( =ce or ! inde/ructibility ( matt]4 #e ,man's ,de/9y1 by ,john ,fiske1 pp4 #aad-aaf4 #f ,cp4 ,ill+wor?1 ,div9e ,imman5ce1 p4 #h4 #g ,! ,riddle ( ! ,univ]se1 p4 #g4 #h ,op4 cit42 see *4 vi41 passim4 #i ,see ! ,hibb]t ,j\rnal1 ,april #aijh1 pp4 #efe-efg4 #aj ,div9e ,imman5ce1 p4 #ci4