,,critical   ,,miscellanies    ,,by     
,,john ,,morley    ,,vol4 ,,iii4        
,,essay #b3 ,,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,mr ,,mill  
,,essay #c3 ,,mr ,,mill',s              
,,autobiography     ,london             
,,macmillan ,,& ,,co41 ,,limit$   ,,new 
,,york3 ,,! ,,macmillan ,,company       
#aijd       ,,cont5ts     ,,! ,,dea? ,,(
 ,,mr4 ,,mill4     ,peculi> (fice ( !   
,tea*]                                  
#cg    ,mill's influ5ce 9 ! univ]sities 
& ! press                  #ci    ,8    
union ( sci5ce ) aspiration             
#dj    ,& ( c\rage ) pati5ce            
#db    ,8 ab/95ce f society             
#de    ,s5se ( ! t5d5cy ( society to    
relapse                         #df     
,peculi> trait ( 8 au?ority             
#dg    ,! writ]'s la/ day ) him         
#dh     ,,mr ,,mill',s ,,autobiography  
,! _s ( se>*                            
#ec    ,key to ,mill's type ( "* & its  
value                       #ed         
,s5sibility ( 8 intellect               
#ef    ,yet no reaction aga9/ 8 peculi> 

education                      #eg      
,quality ( ! ,autobiography             
#eh    ,"o ( its lessons--,greek3 memns 
api/e9                       #fj        
,mill's av]sion to ! _s ( sect          
#fj    ,n a h9drance to sy/ematisation  
#fa    ,criticism unit$ ) belief        
#fc    ,practical difficulties 9 ! union
 ( loyalty ) tol]ance       #fd         
,impressiv5ess ( ,mill's self-effacem5t 
#fe    ,8 contempt = sociali/ic         
declamation                             
#fh    ,yet ! social aim p>am\nt 9 him  
#fi    ,illu/rat$ 9 8 attack on         
,hamilton                               
#ga    ,& 9 ! ,logic                    
#gb    ,! book on ! ,subjection ( ,wom5 
#ge    ,! two crises ( life             
#gg    ,mill did n escape ! second ( !m 
#gh    ,influ5ce ( ,wordswor?           
#gi    ,hope f re=m$ in/itutions        
#gi    ,?is hope replac$ by ef=ts 9 a   
deep] ve9                      #hj      
,popul> op9ion ( su* ef=ts              
#ha    ,irrational disp>agem5t ( ,mill's

 hope                             #hb   
,mill's conception ( happ9ess contra/$ )
 8 fa!r's         #hd    ,rem>ks on 8   
)drawal f society                       
#hh    ,x arose f no moral              
valetud9>ianism                         
#ia     ,,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,mr4 ,,mill4    
7,may #ahgc47   ,! tragic commonplaces (
 ! grave s\nd a full] note z we m\rn =  
"o ( ! great] among ! s]vants (         
humanity4 ,a /rong & pure light is gone 
out1 ! radiance ( a cle> vision & a     
b5efic5t purpose4 ,"o ( ^? high & mo/   
wor?y spirits :o arise f "t to "t to /ir
 _! g5]ation ) new m5tal impulses 9 !   
deep] ?+s1 has p]i%$ f among u4 ,! dea? 
( "o :o did s mu* to impress on 8       
contempor>ies t physical law works      
indep5d5tly ( moral law1 m>ks ) pr(\nd] 
emphasis ! ev] anci5t & ev] fre% decree 
t !re is "o end to ! j & ! unju/1 & t ! 
same /rait tomb awaits alike ! poor dead
 :om nature or circum/ance imprison$ 9  
mean horizons1 & ^? :o saw f> & felt    
passionately & put _! reason to noble   

uses4 ,yet ! fulness ( our grief is     
s(t5$ by a c]ta9 greatness & solemnity 9
 ! ev5t4 ,! tea*]s ( m5 are s few1 !    
gift ( intellectual fa!rhood is s r>e1 x
 is surr\nd$ by su* s+ul> glori\sness4  
,! loss ( a p[]ful & g5]\s /atesman1 or 
( a great ma/] 9 lett]s or art1 t\*es u 
) _m a vivid regret4 ,! ,tea*]1 ! man :o
 has tal5ts & has virtues1 & yet has a  
fur!r some?+ :i* is nei!r tal5t nor     
virtue1 & :i* gives him ! my/]i\s secret
 ( draw+ m5 aft] him1 leaves a deep]    
s5se ( empt9ess ?an ?is2 b lam5tation is
 at once soo!d & elevat$ by a s5se (    
sacr$ness 9 ! occasion4 ,ev5 ^? :om ,mr4
 ,mill hon\r$ ) 8 fri5d%ip1 & :o mu/    
always be> to 8 memory ! affectionate   
v5]ation ( sons1 may yet feel _! pa9 at 
! ?\ght t !y w see him no m1 rais$ into 
a high] mood z !y m$itate on ! l(t9ess (
 8 task & ! /eadfa/ness & success ) :i* 
he a*iev$ x4 ,if x is griev\s to ?9k t  
su* ri*ness ( culture1 su* full maturity
 ( wisdom1 su* passion = tru? & ju/ice1 
are n[ by a s+le /roke ext+ui%$1 at lea/

 we may f9d "s n unwor?y solace 9 !     
?\ght ( ! spl5did purpose t !y h s]v$ 9 
keep+ alive1 & surr\nd+ ) new           
attractions1 ! difficult tradition (    
pati5t & accurate ?9k+ 9 union )        
unselfi% & magnanim\s liv+4         99  
99       99       99       99  ,mu* w "o
 day h to be said z to ! precise value (
 ,mr4 ,mill's philosophical pr9ciples1 !
 m or less ( 8 triumphs z a             
dialectician1 8 skill z a critic & an   
expositor4 ,h[ev] ?is trial may g1 we   
%all at any rate be sure t ) 8          
reputation w /& or fall ! intellectual  
repute ( a :ole g5]ation ( 8 c\ntrym54  
,! mo/ em95t ( ^? :o are n[ s fa/ becom+
 ! front l9e1 z dea? m[s d[n ! vet]ans1 
all be> traces ( 8 influ5ce1 :e!r !y are
 av[$ disciples or av[$ oppon5ts4 ,if !y
 did n accept 8 me?od ( ?9k+1 at lea/ he
 det]m9$ ! que/ions :i* !y %\ld ?9k     
ab\t4 ,= tw5ty ye>s no "o at all op5 to 
s]i\s intellectual impressions has left 
,ox=d )\t hav+ und]gone ! influ5ce (    
,mr4 ,mill's tea*+1 ?\gh x w\ld be too  

mu* to say t 9 t gray temple :]e !y are 
ev] burni%+ new idols1 8 ?rone is /ill  
un%ak54 ,! pr(essorial *airs !re &      
else:]e are m & m be+ fill$ ) m5 ^: m9ds
 h be5 tra9$ 9 8 pr9ciples4 ,!          
univ]sities only typify 8 influ5ce on ! 
less le>n$ "p ( ! _w4 ,! bett] sort (   
j\rnali/s educat$ !mselves on 8 books1 &
 ev5 ! bas] sort acquir$ a habit ( quot+
 f !m4 ,he is ! only writ] 9 ! _w ^:    
treatises on highly ab/ract subjects h  
be5 pr9t$ dur+ 8 lifetime 9 editions = !
 p1 & sold at ! price ( railway novels4 
,=eign]s f all c\ntries read 8 books z  
att5tively z 8 mo/ eag] ,engli%         
disciples1 & s\ght 8 op9ion z to _! own 
que/ions ) z mu* rev]5ce z if he _h be5 
a native oracle4 ,an em95t ,am]ican :o  
came ov] on an (ficial mission :i*      
br\ght him into contact ) mo/ ( ! lead+ 
/atesm5 ?r\gh\t ,europe1 said to !      
pres5t writ]3--',! man :o impress$ me   
mo/ ( !m all 0 ,/u>t ,mill2 y plac$ be=e
 him ! facts on :i* y s\ght 8 op9ion4   
,he took !m1 gave y ! diff]5t ways 9 :i*

 !y might fairly be look$ at1 balanc$ ! 
oppos+ consid]ations1 & !n h&$ y a f9al 
judgm5t 9 :i* no?+ 0 left out4 ,8 m9d   
work$ l a spl5did piece ( ma*9]y2 y     
supply x ) raw mat]ial1 & x turns y out 
a p]fectly f9i%$ product4' ,( su* a man 
,engl& has good reason to be v pr\d4    
,he 0 /amp$ 9 _m respects ) specially   
,engli% quality4 ,he is ! late/ *ief ( a
 di/9ctively ,engli% s*ool ( philosophy1
 9 :i*1 z has be5 said1 ! names (       
,locke1 ,hume1 ,adam ,smi?1 & ,b5?am 7& 
,mr4 ,mill w\ld h add$ ,james ,mill7 m>k
 ! l9e ( succession--! s*ool ^: me?od   
subord9ates imag9ation to obs]vation1 & 
^: doctr9e lays ! f\ndations ( k 9      
exp]i5ce1 & ! te/s ( conduct 9 utility4 
,yet1 = all ?is1 "o ( 8 mo/ rem>kable   
*>act]i/ics 0 less ,engli% ?an ,fr5*2 8 
con/ant admission ( an ideal &          
imag9ative elem5t 9 social speculation1 
& a gl[+ p]suasion t ! ef=t & wisdom &  
+5uity ( m5 are capable1 if free        
opportunity be giv5 by social           
arrangem5ts1 ( rais+ human de/9y to a   

pit* t is at pres5t beyond our p[]s (   
conception4 ,p]haps ! sum ( all 8       
di/9ction lies 9 ?is union ( /]n sci5ce 
) inf9ite aspiration1 ( rigor\s s5se (  
:at is real & practicable ) bright &    
lum9\s hope4 ,he told "o :o 0 speak+ (  
,condorcet's ,life ( ,turgot1 t 9 8     
y\ng] days :5ev] he 0 incl9$ to be      
disc\rag$1 he 0 9 ! habit ( turn+ to ?is
 book1 & t he nev] did s )\t recov]+    
possession ( himself4 ,to ! same fri5d1 
:o _h pr9t$ some?+ comp>+ ,mr4 ,mill's  
repulse at ,we/m9/] ) ! dismissal ( !   
great m9i/] ( ,lewis ! ,sixte5?1 he     
wrote3--',i nev] receiv$ s gratify+ a   
complim5t z ! comp>ison ( me to ,turgot2
 x is inde$ an hon\r to me t su* an     
assimilation %\ld h occurr$ to y4' ,^?  
:o h /udi$ ! "* ( "o :om ev5 ! rigid    
,au/9 ?\ght wor?y to be call$ '! godlike
 ,turgot1' "k bo? ! nobl5ess & ! r>ity (
 ?is type4  ,its =ce lies n 9 s+le      
elem5ts1 b 9 t comb9ation ( an ard5t    
int]e/ 9 human improvem5t ) a reason$   
att5tion to ! law ( its conditions1 :i* 

alone des]ves to be hon\r$ ) ! high "n (
 wisdom4 ,?is complet5ess 0 "o ( !      
secrets ( ,mr4 ,mill's peculi>          
attraction = "y m51 & = ! comp>atively  
few wom5 ^: intellectual int]e/ 0 /rong 
en\gh to draw !m to 8 books4 ,he        
satisfi$ ! +5u\s moral ard\r :i* is     
in/9ctive 9 ! be/ natures1 until ! du/ (
 daily life dulls or ext+ui%es x1 & at !
 same "t he satisfi$ ! rationali/ic     
qualities1 :i* are n less m>k$ 9 !      
y\?ful temp]am5t ( ^? :o by & by d ! "w 
( ! _w4 ,?is mixture ( intellectual     
gravity ) a passionate love ( improvem5t
 9 all ! aims & in/rum5ts ( life1 made  
_m intellig5ces alive :o w\ld o!rwise h 
slumb]$1 or sunk ei!r into a dry p$antry
 on ! "o h&1 or a w9dy1 mis*iev\s       
philan?ropy on ! o!r4 ,he %[$ himself s 
:olly free f ! vulg>ity ( ! sage4 ,he   
c\ld hope = ! future )\t tak+ 8 eye f ! 
realities ( ! pres5t4 ,he recognis$ !   
social de/9ation ( k1 & kept ! elevation
 ( ! great art ( social exi/5ce ev] be=e
 him1 z ! ultimate end ( all speculative

 activity4  ,ano!r side ( ?is r>e       
comb9ation 0 8 union ( c\rage ) pati5ce1
 ( firm noncon=mity ) sil5t con=mity4   
,compliance is always a "q ( degree1    
dep5d+ on "t1 circum/ance1 & subject4   
,mr4 ,mill hit ! exact mean1 equally    
di/ant f timor\s caution & self-indulg5t
 viol5ce4 ,he 0 unrivall$ 9 ! difficult 
art ( conciliat+ z mu* support z 0      
possible & ali5at+ z little sympa?y z   
possible1 = novel & extremely unpopul>  
op9ions4 ,he 0 n "o ( ^? :o /rive to    
spread new fai?s by brilliant swordplay 
) button$ foils1 & he 0 n "o ( ^? :o run
 amuck among ! idols ( ! tribe & !      
m>ket-place & ! !atre4 ,he knew h[ to   
k9dle ! en]gy ( all :o 7 likely to be   
p]suad$ by 8 reason+1 )\t /imulat+ 9 a  
correspond+ degree ! en]gy ( p]sons ^:  
convictions he attack$4 ,?us he husb&$ !
 /r5g? ( tru?1 & avoid$ wa/eful         
friction4 ,probably no ,engli% writ] t  
ev] liv$ has done s mu* z ,mr4 ,mill to 
cut at ! v root ( ! !ological _s1 yet   
!re is only "o passage 9 ! writ+s       

publi%$ dur+ 8 lifetime--,i mean a      
well-kn[n passage 9 ! ,lib]ty--:i* c\ld 
give any (f5ce to ! mo/ dev\t p]son4 ,8 
con=mity1 "o ne$ h>dly say1 nev] w5t    
beyond ! negative degree1 nor ev] pass$ 
beyond ! con=mity ( sil5ce4 ,t guilty & 
griev\sly common pusillanimity :i* leads
 m5 to make or act hypocritical         
pr(essions1 always mov$ 8 deepe/        
abhorr5ce4 ,& he did n fe> publicly to  
te/ify 8 int]e/ 9 ! return ( an a!i/ to 
p>liam5t4  ,8 c\rage 0 n ( ! spuri\s    
k9ds aris+ f ang]1 or ignorance ( !     
p]il1 or levity1 or a reckless          
confid5ce4 ,^! are all v easy4 ,8       
di/9ction 0 t he knew all ! dang] to    
himself1 0 anxi\s to save pa9 to o!rs1 0
 buoy$ up by no ra% hope t ! _w 0 to be 
p]man5tly bett]$ at a /roke1 & yet = all
 ?is he knew h[ to pres5t an undaunt$   
front to a majority4 ,! only fe> he ev] 
knew 0 fe> le/ a premature or excessive 
utt]ance %\ld h>m a good cause4 ,he _h  
measur$ ! prejudices ( m51 & 8 desire to
 ar\se ?is ob/ructive =ce 9 ! lea/      

degree compatible ) effective advocacy (
 any improvem5t1 set ! s+le limit to 8  
intrepidity4 ,prejudices 7 to him l     
physical pr$ispositions1 ) :i* y h to   
make y\r acc\nt4 ,he knew1 too1 t !y are
 (t5 b\nd up ) ! mo/ valuable elem5ts 9 
"* & life1 & h5ce he fe>$ t viol5t      
surg]y :i* 9 eradicat+ a false op9ion   
fatally bruises at ! same "t a true &   
:olesome feel+ t may cl+ to x4 ,!       
pati5ce :i* ) "s m5 is an in/9ct1 & )   
o!rs a fair "n = indiff]5ce1 0 ) him an 
acquisition ( reason & consci5ce4  ,!   
value ( ?is wise & virtu\s mixture (    
boldness ) tol]ance1 ( c\rage\s spee* ) 
c\rage\s res]ve1 has be5 enorm\s4 ,along
 ) 8 direct pleas = fre$om ( ?\ght &    
fre$om ( spee*1 x has be5 ! *ief s\rce (
 t lib]ty ( express+ unpopul> op9ions 9 
?is c\ntry )\t social p]secution1 :i* is
 n[ s ne>ly complete1 t he himself 0 at 
la/ a/oni%$ by x4 ,! mann] ( 8          
dialectic1 firm & vigor\s z ! dialectic 
0 9 matt]1 has gradually introduc$      
mitigat+ elem5ts into ! atmosph]e (     

op9ion4 ,p>tly1 no d\bt1 ! s+ul>        
tol]ance ( free discussion :i* n[       
prevails 9 ,engl&--,i d n mean t x is at
 all p]fect--arises f ! preval5t        
scepticism1 f indiff]5ce1 & f ! influ5ce
 ( "s ( ! m high-m9d$ ( ! cl]gy4 ,b ,mr4
 ,mill's /eadfa/ ab/95ce f draw+        
:olesale indictm5ts aga9/ p]sons or     
classes ^: op9ions he controv]t$1 8     
g5]\s c&\r1 8 scrupul\s respect = any   
g]m ( good 9 :atev] company x 0 f\nd1 & 
8 l>ge all[ances1 contribut$ positive   
elem5ts to :at might o!rwise h be5 !    
negative tol]ance t comes ( moral       
/agnation4 ,tol]ance ( di/a/eful notions
 9 o!rs became associat$ 9 8 p]son at   
once ) ! wide/ enlight5m5t1 & ! /ronge/ 
conviction ( ! tru? ( our own notions4  
99       99       99       99       99  
,8 c>e]1 beside all else1 0 a prote/ ( !
 simple/ & l(tie/ k9d aga9/ "s ( ! mo/  
degrad+ features ( our society4 ,no "o  
is m alive ?an he 0 to ! wor? ( all t   
adds grace & dignity to human life2 b ! 
s9c]ity ( ?is feel+ fill$ him ) av]sion 

= ! make-believe dignity ( a luxuri\s & 
artificial community4 ,)\t ei!r         
arrogance or bitt]ness1 he /ood alo( f t
 conv5tional int]c\rse :i* is misnam$   
social duty4 ,)\t ei!r disc\rtesy or    
cynicism1 he refus$ to play a "p 9 t    
dance ( mimes :i* passes = life among ! 
upp] classes4 ,9 him1 to extraord9>y    
intellectual atta9m5ts 0 add$ ! gift ( a
 firm & /eadfa/ self-respect1 :i*       
un=tunately does n always g ) !m4 ,he   
felt ! reality ( ?+s1 & x 0 easi] = a   
workman ?an = a pr9cess to obta9 access 
to him4 ,x is n always ! m5 :o talk mo/ 
affect+ly ab\t our be+ all ( "o fle% &  
blood1 :o are pro( aga9/ ^? my/]i\s *>ms
 ( sup]ior rank1 :i* d s mu* to fo/]    
unwor?y conceptions ( life 9 ,engli%    
society2 & !re are _m p capable (       
accept+ ,mr4 ,mill's social pr9ciples1 &
 ! !oretical coroll>ies !y conta91 :o   
yet w\ld condemn 8 manly pla9ness &     
au/]e consi/5cy 9 act+ on !m4 ,! too    
common t5d5cy 9 u all to moral          
slov5l9ess1 & a lazy cont5tm5t ) a      

little flaccid prote/ aga9/ evil1 f9ds a
 con/ant rebuke 9 8 c>e]4 ,! indomitable
 passion = ju/ice :i* made him /rive s  
long & s t5aci\sly to br+ to judgm5t a  
public (ficial1 :om he conceiv$ to be a 
great crim9al1 0 wor?y ( "o ( ! /\te/   
patriots 9 our sev5te5?-c5tury hi/ory4  
,! same moral ?or\ghness /irr$ ! same   
indignation 9 him on a m rec5t occasion1
 :5 he decl>$ x 'a p]man5t disgrace to !
 ,gov]nm5t t ! iniquit\s s5t5ce on !    
gas-/ok]s 0 n remitt$ z soon z pass$4'  
99       99       99       99       99  
,mu* ( 8 mo/ /rik+ quality 0 ow+ to !   
exceptional degree 9 :i* he 0 alive to !
 con/ant t5d5cy ( society to lose "s    
excell5ce ( aim1 to relapse at "s po9t f
 ! /&>d ( tru? & "r :i* _h be5 rea*$ by 
long previ\s ef=t1 to fall back 9 height
 ( moral ideal4 ,he 0 ke5ly s5sible t x 
is only by p]si/5t /riv+ aft] improvem5t
 9 our conceptions ( duty1 & improvem5t 
9 ! ext]nal means = realis+ !m1 t ev5 ! 
acquisitions ( pa/ g5]ations are reta9$4
 ,he knew ! int5se difficulty ( mak+    

life bett] by ev] s little4 ,h5ce at    
once ! exaltation ( 8 own ideas ( tru? &
 "r1 & 8 eag]ness to conciliate any?+ l 
virtu\s social feel+1 9 :atev]          
intellectual or political association he
 f\nd x4 ,h5ce also ! vehem5ce ( 8      
passion = ! unfett]$ & un*eck$          
developm5t ( new ideas on all subjects1 
( orig9ality 9 moral & social po9ts (   
view2 because repression1 :e!r by public
 op9ion or 9 any o!r way1 may be ! means
 ( untold wa/e ( gifts t might h conf]r$
 on mank9d unspeakable b5efits4 ,!      
discipl9e & vig\r ( 8 und]/&+ made him !
 lea/ indulg5t ( judges to any?+ l      
*>latanry1 & effectually prev5t$ 8      
unwill+ness to let ! smalle/ good elem5t
 be lo/1 f deg5]at+ into t weak k9d (   
univ]salism :i* nullifies "s o!rwise    
good m54         99       99       99   
99       99  ,"s great m5 seize ^u u by 
! =ce ( an impos+ & maje/ic au?ority2 _!
 ?\ghts impress ! imag9ation1 _! words  
are w+$1 !y are z prophets be>+ high    
te/imony t _c be ga9said4 ,bossuet1 =   

in/ance1 or ,pascal4 ,o!rs1 & ( ^! ,mr4 
,mill 0 "o1 acquire disciples n by a    
comm&+ au?ority1 b by a mod]ate &       
imp]sonal k9d ( p]suasion4 ,he appeals n
 to our s5se ( greatness & p[] 9 a      
tea*]1 :i* is noble1 b to our love (    
f9d+ & embrac+ tru? = ourselves1 :i* is 
/ill nobl]4 ,p :o l _! tea*] to be z a  
k+ publi%+ decrees ) h]ald & trumpet1   
p]haps f9d ,mr4 ,mill col\rless4 ,yet   
?is habitual effacem5t ( 8 own          
p]sonality m>k$ a delicate & v r>e %ade 
9 8 rev]5ce = ! sacr$ purity ( tru?4    
99       99       99       99       99  
,m$itation on ! influ5ce ( "o :o has be5
 ! =emo/ in/ructor ( 8 "t 9 wisdom &    
goodness quickly breaks (f1 9 ?is h\r :5
 8 loss is fre% ^u u2 x *anges into     
affectionate rem9isc5ces = :i* sil5ce is
 m fitt+4 ,9 su* an h\r ?\ght turns r to
 ! p]son ?an ! "w ( ! ma/] :om we m\rn4 
,we recall 8 simplicity1 g5tl5ess1 h]oic
 self-abnegation2 8 g5]osity 9 enc\rag+1
 8 eag] read9ess 9 help+2 ! w>m k9dl9ess
 ( 8 acco/1 ! fri5dly bright5+ ( ! eye4 

,! la/ "t ,i saw him 0 a few days be=e  
he left ,engl&4#a ,he came to sp5d a day
 ) me 9 ! c\ntry1 ( :i* ! foll[+ brief  
notes happ5$ to be writt5 at ! "t 9 a   
lett] to a fri5d3--       ',he came d[n 
by ! morn+ tra9 to ,guild=d /ation1 :]e 
,i      0 wait+ = him4 ,he 0 9 8 mo/ ev5
 & mell[ hum\r4 ,we      walk$ 9 a      
leisurely way & ?r\gh r\ndab\t tracks = 
"s      f\r h\rs along ! anci5t gre5    
road :i* y "k1 ov] !      high grassy   
d[ns1 into old *alk pits picturesque )  
junip] &      yew1 across hea?s &       
commons1 & s up to our w9dy promontory1 
:]e ! maje/ic prospect /irr$ him )      
lively delight4 ,y      "k he is a f]v5t
 botani/1 & e t5 m9utes he /oop$ to     
look at ?is or t on ! pa?4 ,unluckily ,i
 am ignorant ( !      v rudim5ts ( !    
matt]1 s 8 p>5!tic en?usiasms 7      lo/
 ^u me4  ,footnote #a3 ,april #e1 #ahgc4
  ',( c\rse he talk$1 & talk$ well4 ,he 
admitt$ t ,goe! _h add$ new po9ts ( view
 to life1 b has a deep dislike ( 8 moral
 "*2 wond]$ h[ a man :o c\ld draw !     

sorr[s ( a des]t$ woman l ,aurelia1 9   
,wilhelm ,mei/]1 %\ld yet h behav$ s    
sy/ematically ill to wom54 ,goe! tri$ z 
h>d z he c\ld to be a ,greek1 yet 8     
failure to produce any?+ p]fect 9 =m1   
except a few lyrics1 proves !           
irresi/ible expansion ( ! mod]n _s1 & ! 
inadequat5ess ( ! ,greek type to mod]n  
ne$s ( activity & expression4 ,greatly  
pref]s ,s*ill] 9 all respects2 turn+ to 
him f ,goe! is l go+ into ! fre% air f a
 ho?\se4  ',spoke ( /yle3 ?9ks ,goldsmi?
 unsurpass$2 !n ,addison comes4 ,greatly
 dislikes ! /yle ( ,junius & ( ,gibbon2 
inde$1 ?9ks meanly ( ! latt] 9 all      
respects1 except = 8 rese>*1 :i* alone (
 ! "w ( t c5tury /&s ! te/ (            
n9ete5?-c5tury criticism4 ,did n agree )
 me t ,george ,s&'s is ! high-wat] m>k (
 prose1 b yet c\ld n "n anybody high]1 &
 admitt$ t h] prose /irs y l music4     
',seem$ dispos$ to ?9k t ! mo/ feasible 
solution ( ! ,iri% ,univ]sity "q is a   
,ca?olic ,univ]sity1 ! re/rictive &     
obscuranti/ t5d5cies ( :i* y may expect 

to h *eek$ by ! active competition (    
life ) m5 tra9$ 9 m enlight5$ sy/ems4   
,spoke ( ,home ,rule4  ',made rem>ks on 
! diff]5ce 9 ! feel+ ( mod]n refus]s (  
,*ri/ianity z comp>$ ) t ( m5 l 8 fa!r1 
impassion$ d5i]s1 :o believ$ t if only y
 broke up ! p[] ( ! prie/s & *eck$      
sup]/ition1 all w\ld g well--a dream f  
:i* !y 7 p>tially awak5$ by see+ t !    
,fr5* revolution1 :i* ov]?rew ! ,*ur*1  
/ill did n br+ ! mill5nium4 ,8 radical  
fri5ds us$ to be v angry ) him = lov+   
,wordswor?4 ,wordswor?1 ,i us$ to say1  
is aga9/ y1 no d\bt1 9 ! battle :i* y   
are n[ wag+1 b aft] y h won1 ! _w w ne$ 
m ?an ev] ^? qualities :i* ,wordswor? is
 keep+ alive & n\ri%+4 ,9 8 y\? m]e     
negation ( religion 0 a firm bond (     
union1 social & o!rwise1 betwe5 m5 :o   
agre$ 9 no?+ else4  ',spoke ( ! mod]n   
t5d5cy to pure !ism1 & met ! objection t
 x ret>ds improvem5t by turn+ ! m9ds (  
"s ( ! be/ m5 f social affairs1 by !    
c\nt]-proposition t x is useful to      
society1 ap>t f ! "q ( its tru?1--useful

 z a provisional belief1 because p w    
id5tify s]viceable m9i/ry to m5 ) s]vice
 ( ,god4 ,?9ks we _c ) any sort (       
precision def9e ! com+ modification (   
religion1 b anticipates t x w und\bt$ly 
re/ ^u ! solid>ity ( mank9d1 z ,comte   
said1 & z y & ,i believe4 ,p]ceives two 
?+s1 at any rate1 :i* are likely to lead
 m5 to inve/ ?is ) ! moral au?ority ( a 
religion2 fir/1 !y w become m & m       
impress$ by ! awful fact t a piece (    
conduct to-day may prove a curse to m5 &
 wom5 scores & ev5 hundr$s ( ye>s aft] !
 au?or ( x is dead2 & second1 !y w m & m
 feel t !y c only satisfy _! s5tim5t (  
gratitude to se5 or unse5 b5efactors1 c 
only repay ! untold b5efits !y h        
inh]it$1 by dilig5tly ma9ta9+ !         
traditions ( s]vice4  ',& s =?1 full (  
int]e/ & sugge/iv5ess all ?r\gh4 ,:5 he 
got "h1 he *att$ to ,r---- ov] our lun*1
 ) some?+ ( ! simple amiabl5ess ( a     
*ild1 ab\t ! wild fl[]s1 ! ways (       
insects1 & notes ( birds4 ,he 0 impati5t
 = ! song ( ! night+ale4 ,!n ,i drove   

him to our little roadside /ation1 & "o 
( ! mo/ delightful days ( my life came  
to its end1 l all o!r days1 delightful &
 sorr[ful4'  ,alas1 ! sorr[ful day :i*  
ev] dogs our delight foll[$ v quickly4  
,! night+ale t he long$ = fills !       
d>kness ) music1 b n = ! e> ( ! dead    
ma/]3 he re/s 9 ! deep] d>kness :]e !   
sil5ce is unbrok5 = ev]4 ,we may console
 ourselves ) ! reflection (f]$ by ! dy+ 
,socrates to 8 sorr[ful companions3 he  
:o has array$ ! s\l 9 h] own prop]      
jewels ( mod]ation & ju/ice & c\rage &  
nobl5ess & tru?1 is ev] ready = ! j\rney
 :5 8 "t comes4 ,we h lo/ a great tea*] 
& example ( k & virtue1 b m5 w long feel
 ! pres5ce ( 8 "* ab\t !m1 mak+ !m a%am$
 ( :at is indol5t or selfi%1 & enc\rag+ 
!m to all dis9t]e/$ lab\r1 bo? 9 try+ to
 d good & 9 try+ to f9d out :at ! good  
is1--:i* is h>d]4     ,,mr4 ,,mill',s   
,,autobiography4   ,*]*] en             
gmissant--se>* ) _m sighs--t 0 ,pascal's
 notion ( praisewor?y liv+ & *oos+ !    
bett] "p4 ,se>*1 & se>* ) mu* travail1  

/rikes u z ! *ief intellectual ensign & 
device ( t em95t man ^: record ( 8 own  
m5tal nurture & gr[? we h all be5 read+4
 ,ev]ybody end[$ ) en]getic intellig5ce 
has a measure ( ! _s ( se>* p\r$ out ^u 
him4 ,all su* p]sons act on ! ,socratic 
maxim t ! life )\t inquiry is a life to 
be liv$ by no man4 ,b x is ! r>e        
di/9ction ( a v few to accept ! maxim 9 
its full significance1 to insi/ on an   
op5 m9d z ! true secret ( wisdom1 to    
press ! exam9ation & te/+ ( our         
convictions z ! true way at once to     
/ability & gr[? ( "*1 & ?us to make (   
life :at x is s good = u t x %\ld be1 a 
cont9ual build+ up1 a ceaseless =tify+ &
 enl>gem5t & multiplication ( !         
treasures ( ! _s4 ,to make a po9t (     
'exam9+ :at 0 said 9 def5ce ( all       
op9ions1 h[ev] new or h[ev] old1 9 !    
conviction t ev5 if !y 7 errors !re     
might be a sub/ratum ( tru? und]nea? !m1
 & t 9 any case ! discov]y ( :at x 0 t  
made !m plausible w\ld be a b5efit to   
tru?1'#b--to ?ru/ out ! _s ( p>ty1 (    

sect1 ( cre$1 ( ! poor] sort (          
self-e/eem1 ( futile cont5ti\sness1 & s 
to seek & aga9 seek ) undeviat+ s+l5ess 
( m9d ! "r int]pretation ( our          
exp]i5ces--"h is ! g5u9e seal (         
intellectual ma/]y & ! true /amp ( a    
p]fect rationality4  ,footnote #b3      
,mill's ,autobiography1 #bdb4  ,! m5 to 
:om ?is is ! ideal ( ! life ( ! reason1 
& :o h done any?+ consid]able t[>ds     
spread+ a desire aft] x1 des]ve to h _! 
memories gratefully *]i%$ ev5 by ^? :o d
 n agree ) all _! positive op9ions4 ,we 
ne$ only to reflect a little on !       
conditions ( human exi/5ce2 on ! urg5t  
dem& :i* mat]ial necessities inevitably 
make on s imm5se a proportion ( our "t &
 ?\ght2 on ! space :i* is naturally     
fill$ up by ! activity ( absorb+        
affections2 on ! fatal p[] ( m]e        
tradition & report ov] ! indiff]5t1 & ! 
fatal p[] ( invet]ate prejudice ov] s _m
 ev5 ( ! be/ ( ^? :o are n indiff]5t4   
,!n we %all "k bett] h[ to value su* a  
type ( "* & life z ,mr4 ,mill has n[    

told u ! /ory (1 9 :i* intellectual     
impressionabl5ess on ! mo/ important    
subjects ( human ?\ght 0 s cultivat$ z  
almo/ to acquire ! /r5g? & quick        
responsiv5ess ( emotional s5sibility4 ,&
 ?is1 )\t ! too common drawback to great
 op5ness ( m9d4 ,?is drawback consi/s 9 
loose beliefs1 tak5 up to-day & sil5tly 
dropp$ to-morr[2 vacillat+ op9ions1     
con/antly be+ ex*ang$ = _! contr>ies2   
feeble convictions1 appe>+1 %ift+1      
vani%+1 9 ! quicks&s ( an un/able m9d4  
,nobody w impute any ( ^! disa/r\s      
weaknesses to ,mr4 ,mill4 ,8            
impressionabl5ess 0 ( ! valuable        
positive k9d1 :i* adds & assimilates new
 elem5ts f _m qu>t]s1 )\t di/urb+ !     
organic /ructure ( ! :ole4 ,:at he says 
( "o /age 9 8 gr[? rema9$ g5]ally true (
 him until ! v end3--',i f\nd ! fabric (
 my old & taught op9ions giv+ way 9 _m  
fre% places1 & ,i nev] all[$ x to fall  
to pieces1 b 0 incessantly occupi$ 9    
weav+ x anew4 ,i nev] 9 ! c\rse ( my    
transition 0 cont5t to rema91 = ev] s   

%ort a "t1 confus$ & unsettl$4 ,:5 ,i _h
 tak5 9 any new idea1 ,i c\ld n re/ till
 ,i _h adju/$ its relations to my old   
op9ions1 & asc]ta9$ exactly h[ f> its   
effect ought to ext5d 9 modify+ or      
sup]s$+ !m' 7p4 #aef74 ,?is c>eful &    
consci5ti\s recognition ( ! duty ( hav+ 
ord]$ op9ions1 & ( responsibility = ^!  
op9ions be+ bo? z true & z consi/5t ) "o
 ano!r z tak+ pa9s ) 8 m9d c\ld make !m1
 di/+ui%$ ,mr4 ,mill f ! m5 :o flit     
aimlessly f doctr9e to doctr9e1 z !     
flies ( a summ] day d>t f po9t to po9t 9
 ! vacu\s air4 ,x di/+ui%$ him also f ^?
 s5sitive spirits :o fl+ !mselves d[n f 
! heights ( rationalism sudd5ly into !  
pit ( an infallible *ur*2 & f ^? :o1 l  
,la ,m5nais1 move viol5tly betwe5 fai? &
 reason1 betwe5 tradition & inquiry1    
betwe5 ! fulness ( def]5ce to au?ority &
 ! fulness ( individual self-ass]tion4  
,all m9ds ( ! fir/ quality move & gr[2  
!y h a susceptibility to _m sorts ( new 
impressions1 a mobility1 a feel+        
outw>ds1 :i* makes x impossible = !m to 

rema9 9 ! /]n fixity ( an e>ly implant$ 
set ( dogmas1 :e!r philosophic or       
religi\s4 ,9 /oical t5acity ( "*1 z well
 z 9 intellectual orig9ality &          
conc5trat$ =ce ( und]/&+1 "s ( ^? :o    
knew bo? tell u t ,mr4 ,mill 0 inf]ior  
to 8 fa!r4 ,b :o does n feel 9 ! son !  
s]i\s *>m ( a p[] ( adaptation &        
pliabl5ess :i* we c nev] associate ) !  
h>dy & m rigor\s nature ( ! o!r8 ,& x 0 
j because he _h ?is s5sibility ( !      
intellect1 t ! hi/ory ( :at x did = him 
is s edify+ a p]=mance = a p l          
ourselves1 among :om t quality is s     
extremely uncommon4 ,= x 0 ! s5sibility 
( /r5g? & n ( weakness1 nor ( m]e       
ov]-ref9em5t & subtlety4 ,we may e/imate
 ! significance ( su* a diff]5ce1 :5 we 
?9k h[ little1 aft] all1 ! s+ul> gifts (
 a ,newman or a ,maurice h done = _!    
contempor>ies1 simply because ^! two    
em95t m5 all[$ consci\sness ( _! own    
weakness to 'sickly ov]' ! spontane\s   
impulses ( _! /r5g?4  ,! wond] is t !   
reaction aga9/ su* an education z t     

?r\gh :i* ,james ,mill br\ght 8 son1--an
 education s int5se1 s purely           
analytical1 do+ s mu* = ! reason & s    
little = ! satisfaction ( !             
affections1--0 n ( ! mo/ viol5t k9d4 ,! 
wond] is t ! crisis ?r\gh :i* ne>ly e   
y\? ( good quality has to pass1 & f :i* 
,mr4 ,mill1 z he has told u1 by no means
 escap$1 did n l& him 9 "s ( ! extreme  
=ms ( transc5d5talism4 ,if x _h done s !
 record ( ! j\rney w\ld no d\bt h be5 m 
abundant 9 melodramatic incid5ts4 ,x    
w\ld h done m to tickle ! fancy ( '!    
pres5t age ( l\d disputes b weak        
convictions4' ,& x might h be5 f\nd m   
t\*+ by ! l>ge numb]s ( talk]s & writ]s 
:o seem to ?9k t a hi/ory ( a c>eful    
man's op9ions on grave & difficult      
subjects ought to h all ! rapid movem5ts
 & unexpect$ turns ( a romance1 & t a   
book )\t rapture & effusion & a great _m
 capital lett]s mu/ be joyless &        
disappo9t+4 ,^? ( u :o dislike lit]>y   
hy/]ia z mu* z we dislike ! co>s5ess t  
mi/akes itself = =ce1 may well be glad  

to foll[ ! m5tal hi/ory ( a man :o knew 
h[ to move & gr[ )\t any ( ^! reactions 
& leaps on ! "o h&1 or any ( t ov]done  
realism on ! o!r1 :i* may all make a m  
/rik+ picture1 b :i* d assur$ly m (t5   
?an n m>k ! ru9 ( a m9d & !             
nullification ( a c>e]4  ,if we are n[ &
 !n consci\s 9 ! book ( a c]ta9 want (  
spac+1 ( *ang+ p]spectives & long vi/as2
 if we h p]haps a s5se ( be+ too n>r[ly 
enclos$2 if we miss ! reli% ( hum\r or !
 occasional relief ( irony2 we ought to 
rememb] t we are busy n ) a "w (        
imag9ation or art1 b ) ! practical      
record ( ! =mation ( an em95t ?9k]'s    
m5tal habits & ! succession ( 8 m5tal   
attitudes4 ,! =mation ( su* m5tal habits
 is n a romance1 b ! mo/ ardu\s ( real  
conc]ns4 ,if we are l$ up to none ( !   
enk9dl$ summits ( ! s\l1 & plung$ into  
none ( its abysses1 t is no reason :y we
 %\ld fail to be /ruck by ! pale flame (
 /r5u\s self-possession1 or t\*$ by !   
+5u\sness & simplicity ( ! speak]'s     
acc5ts4 ,a g5]ation cont9ually excit$ by

 n>ratives1 z /]ile z vehem5t1 ( /orm & 
/ress & spiritual %ipwreck1 might d     
well1 if x knew ! ?+s t p]ta9$ to its   
peace1 to pond] ?is unv>ni%$ hi/ory--!  
hi/ory ( a man :o1 ?\gh he 0 n "o ( !   
picturesque victims ( ! wa/eful torm5ts 
( an uneasy spiritual self-consci\sness1
 yet lab\r$ s pati5tly aft] ! gifts (   
intellectual /r5g?1 & did s mu*         
p]man5tly to wid5 ! judgm5ts ( ! _w4    
,if ,mr4 ,mill's ,autobiography has no  
lit]>y gr&eur1 nor arti/ic v>iety1 x has
 ! r>] m]it ( pres5t+ = our             
contemplation a "* t 0 infe/$ by none ( 
! small] passions1 & w>p$ by none ( ! m 
un9tellig5t attitudes ( ! human m9d4 ,we
 h to rememb] t x is exactly ^!1 !      
small] passions on ! "o h&1 & slov5l9ess
 ( intellig5ce on ! o!r1 :i* are ev5    
worse ag5cies 9 spoil+ ! wor? ( life & !
 advance ( society ?an ! m impos+ vices 
ei!r ( ?\ght or s5tim5t4 ,_m h told !   
tale ( a life ( mu* ext]nal ev5tfulness4
 ,!re is a r>] in/ructiv5ess 9 ! quiet  
c>e] ( "o ^: life 0 an incessant        

education1 a p]si/5t /r5g!n+ ( ! m5tal  
habit ( 'nev] accept+ half-solutions (  
difficulties z complete2 nev] ab&on+ a  
puzzle1 b aga9 & aga9 return+ to x until
 x 0 cle>$ up2 nev] all[+ obscure corn]s
 ( a subject to rema9 unexplor$1 because
 !y did n appe> important2 nev] ?9k+ t  
,i p]fectly und]/ood any "p ( a subject 
until ,i und]/ood ! :ole' 7p4 #abc74 ,x 
is true t ?is m5tal habit is n s s+ul> 9
 itself1 = x is ! common & indisp5sable 
m]it ( e truly sci5tific ?9k]4 ,mr4     
,mill's di/9ction lay 9 ! delib]ate     
int5tion & ! sy/ematic pati5ce ) :i* he 
br\ght x to ! consid]ation ( moral &    
religi\s & social subjects4 ,9 ?is      
region hi!rto1 = reasons t are n        
difficult to seek1 ! empire ( prejudice 
& passion has be5 s mu* /rong]1 s mu*   
h>d] to resi/1 ?an 9 ! field ( physical 
sci5ce4  ,sect is s ready to succe$     
sect1 & s*ool comes aft] s*ool1 )       
con/ant replacem5t ( "o sort ( or?odoxy 
by ano!r sort1 until ev5 ! pr9ciple (   
relativity becomes ! base ( a set (     

absolute & f9al dogmas1 & ! v doctr9e ( 
unc]ta9ty itself becomes fix$ 9 a k9d ( 
au?oritative nihilism4 ,x is1 !re=e1 a  
signal ga9 t we n[ h a new type1 ) ! old
 wise device1 ,greek3 memns api/e9--be  
sure t y di/ru/4 ,di/ru/ y\r own bias2  
di/ru/ y\r suppos$ k2 con/antly try1    
prove1 =tify y\r firme/ convictions4 ,& 
all ?is1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole doma9 :]e !     
intellig5ce rules4 ,x 0 *>act]i/ic ( a  
man ( ?is type t he %\ld h be5 seiz$ by 
t memorable passage 9 ,condorcet's ,life
 ( ,turgot to :i* ,mr4 ,mill ref]s 7p4  
#aad71 & :i* e man ) an active int]e/ 9 
s]i\s affairs %\ld b9d ab\t 8 neck &    
write on ! tablets ( 8 he>t4  ',turgot1'
 says 8 wise biograph]1 'always look$ ^u
 any?+ l a sect z mis*iev\s4444 ,f !    
mom5t t a sect comes into exi/5ce1 all !
 individuals compos+ x become answ]able 
= ! faults & errors ( ea* "o ( !m4 ,!   
obligation to rema9 unit$ leads !m to   
suppress or dissemble all tru?s t might 
w\nd anybody ^: adhesion is useful to ! 
sect4 ,!y are =c$ to e/abli% 9 "s =m a  

body ( doctr9e1 & ! op9ions :i* make a  
"p ( x1 be+ adopt$ )\t inquiry1 become 9
 due "t pure prejudices4 ,fri5d%ip /ops 
) ! individuals2 b ! hatr$ & envy t any 
( !m may ar\se ext5ds to ! :ole sect4   
,if ?is sect be =m$ by ! mo/ enlight5$  
m5 ( ! nation1 if ! def5ce ( tru?s ( !  
greate/ importance to ! common happ9ess 
be ! object ( its zeal1 ! mis*ief is    
/ill worse4 ,ev]y?+ true or useful :i*  
!y propose is reject$ )\t exam9ation4   
,abuses & errors ( e k9d always h = _!  
def5d]s t h]d ( presumptu\s & m$iocre   
mortals1 :o are ! bitt]e/ enemies ( all 
celebrity & r5[n4 ,sc>cely is a tru?    
made cle>1 be=e ^? to :om x w\ld be     
prejudicial cru% x "u ! "n ( a sect t is
 sure to h already become odi\s1 & are  
c]ta9 to keep x f obta9+ s mu* z a he>+4
 ,turgot1 !n1 0 p]suad$ t p]haps !      
greate/ ill y c d to tru? is to drive ^?
 :o love x to =m !mselves into a sect1 &
 t ^! 9 turn c commit no m fatal mi/ake 
?an to h ! vanity or ! weakness to fall 
into ! trap4'  ,yet we "k t ) ,mr4 ,mill

 z ) ,turgot ?is deep di/ru/ ( sect 0 no
 h9drance to ! mo/ c>eful sy/ematisation
 ( op9ion & conduct4 ,he did n int]pret 
_m-sid$ness 9 ! flaccid wat]y s5se :i*  
flatt]s ! indol5ce ( s _m ( our         
contempor>ies1 :o l to h _! e>s amus$ ) 
a new doctr9e ea* morn+1 to be held = a 
day1 & dropp$ 9 ! ev5+1 & :o h little m 
s]i\sness 9 _! intellectual life ?an !  
busy insects ( a summ] noon4 ,he says t 
he look$ =w>d 'to a future :i* %all     
unite ! be/ qualities ( ! critical ) !  
be/ qualities ( ! organic p]iods2       
un*eck$ lib]ty ( ?\ght1 unb\nd$ fre$om (
 individual action 9 all modes n hurtful
 to o!rs2 b also convictions z to :at is
 "r & wrong1 useful & p]nici\s1 deeply  
engrav5 on ! feel+s by e>ly education & 
g5]al unanimity ( s5tim5t1 & s firmly   
gr\nd$ 9 reason & ! true exig5cies (    
life1 t !y %all n1 l all =m] & pres5t   
cre$s1 religi\s1 e?ical1 & political1   
require to be p]iodically ?r[n (f &     
replac$ by o!rs' 7p4 #aff74 ,?is 0 9 "s 
sort ! type at :i* he aim$ 9 ! =mation (

 8 own "*--a type t %\ld comb9e organic 
) critical quality1 ! /r5g? ( an ord]$  
set ( convictions1 ) t pliability & t   
receptiv5ess 9 face ( new tru?1 :i* are 
indisp5sable to ^! v convictions be+    
held intellig5tly & 9 _! be/ atta9able  
=m4 ,we c und]/& ! =ce ( ! eulogy on    
,john ,au/9 7p4 #aed71 t he manife/$ 'an
 equal devotion to ! two c>d9al po9ts ( 
,lib]ty & ,duty4' ,^! are ! correlatives
 9 ! sph]e ( action to ! two c>d9al     
po9ts ( ,criticism & ,belief 9 ! sph]e (
 ?\ght4  ,we c 9 ! light ( ?is d\ble way
 ( view+ ! "r balance ( ! m9d1 ! bett]  
und]/& ! comb9ation ( e>ne/ness )       
tol]ance :i* inconsid]ate p]sons are apt
 to f9d s awkw>d a /umbl+-block 9 !     
s*eme ( philosophic lib]alism4 ,_m p 9  
our "t h s ill und]/ood ! doctr9e (     
lib]ty1 t 9 "s ( ! mo/ active circles 9 
society !y n[ c\nt y a bigot if y hold  
any proposition to be decid$ly &        
unmi/akably m true ?an any o!r4 ,!y     
pron\nce y intemp]ate if y %[ ang] & /]n
 disappo9tm5t because m5 foll[ ! wrong  

c\rse in/ead ( ! "r "o4 ,mr4 ,mill's    
explanation ( ! vehem5ce & decision ( 8 
fa!r's disapproval1 :5 he did           
disapprove1 & 8 refusal to all[ hone/y (
 purpose 9 ! do] to s(t5 8              
disapprobation ( ! de$1 gives ! read] a 
wor?y & mascul9e notion ( true tol]ance4
 ,james ,mill's 'av]sion to _m          
intellectual errors1 or :at he reg>d$ z 
su*1 p>took 9 a c]ta9 s5se ( ! "* ( a   
moral feel+4444 ,none b ^? :o d n c>e   
ab\t op9ions w conf\nd ?is ) intol]ance4
 ,^?1 :o hav+ op9ions :i* !y hold to be 
imm5sely important1 & _! contr>ies to be
 prodigi\sly hurtful1 h any deep reg>d =
 ! g5]al good1 w necess>ily dislike1 z a
 class & 9 ! ab/ract1 ^? :o ?9k wrong   
:at !y ?9k "r1 & "r :at !y ?9k wrong3   
?\gh !y ne$ n be1 nor 0 my fa!r1        
ins5sible to good qualities 9 an        
oppon5t1 nor gov]n$ 9 _! e/imation (    
individuals by "o g5]al presumption1    
in/ead ( by ! :ole ( _! "*4 ,i grant t  
an e>ne/ p]son1 be+ no m infallible ?an 
o!r m51 is liable to dislike p on acc\nt

 ( op9ions :i* d n m]it dislike2 b if he
 nei!r himself does !m any ill (fice1   
nor connives at its be+ done by o!rs1 he
 is n intol]ant3 & ! =be>ance :i* fl[s f
 a consci5ti\s s5se ( ! importance to   
mank9d ( ! equal fre$om ( all op9ions is
 ! only tol]ance :i* is comm5dable1 or  
to ! highe/ moral ord] ( m9ds1 possible'
 7p4 #ea74 ,?is is ano!r side ( !       
co-ord9ation ( ,criticism & ,belief1 (  
,lib]ty & ,duty1 :i* atta9$ 9 ,mr4 ,mill
 himself a complet5ess t o!r m51 less   
fav\r$ 9 education & ) less active p[] (
 self-control1 are n likely to rea*1 b  
to rea* x ought to be "o ( ! prime      
objects ( _! m5tal discipl9e4 ,!        
inculcation ( ?is peculi> morality ( !  
intellig5ce is "o ( ! mo/ urg5tly ne$$  
processes ( our "t4 ,= ! circum/ance (  
our be+ 9 ! v dep?s ( a p]iod (         
transition f "o spiritual basis ( ?\ght 
to ano!r1 leads m5 n only to be cont5t )
 hold+ a quantity ( vague1 confus$1 &   
contradictory op9ions1 b also to inve/ )
 ! hon\rable "n ( c&\r a weak reluctance

 to hold any "o ( !m e>ne/ly4  ,mr4     
,mill exp]i5c$ 9 ! f\r or five la/ ye>s 
( 8 life ! disadvantage ( try+ to unite 
fairness t[>ds ! op9ions f :i* he       
diff]$1 ) loyalty to ! positive op9ions 
:i* he accept$4 ',z ,i _h %[$ 9 my      
political writ+s1' he says1 't ,i 0 aw>e
 ( ! weak po9ts 9 democratic op9ions1 "s
 ,cons]vatives1 x seems1 _h n be5 )\t   
hopes ( f9d+ me an oppon5t ( democracy3 
z ,i 0 able to see ! ,cons]vative side (
 ! "q1 !y presum$ t l !m ,i c\ld n see  
any o!r side4 ,yet if !y _h really read 
my writ+s1 !y w\ld h kn[n t aft] giv+   
full weight to all t appe>$ to me well  
gr\nd$ 9 ! argum5ts aga9/ democracy1 ,i 
unhesitat+ly decid$ 9 its fav\r1 :ile   
recomm5d+ t x %\ld be accompani$ by su* 
in/itutions z 7 consi/5t ) its pr9ciple 
& calculat$ to w>d (f its inconv5i5ces' 
7p4 #cji74 ,?is 0 only "o illu/ration ( 
:at con/antly happ5$1 until at l5g?1 x  
is h>dly too mu* to say1 a man :o _h    
hi!rto enjoy$ a s+ul> measure ( g5]al   
rev]5ce because he 0 suppos$ to see tru?

 9 e doctr9e1 became d[nright unpopul>  
among _m classes 9 ! community1 because 
he saw m tru? 9 "o doctr9e ?an ano!r1 & 
br\ght ! propositions = ^: acceptance he
 0 mo/ 9 e>ne/ eag]ly be=e ! public4  ,9
 a simil> way ! ,autobiography %[s u !  
picture ( a man unit+ pr(\nd            
self-respect ) a s+ul> neutrality :]e 8 
own claims are conc]n$1 a s+ul>         
self-ma/]y & ju/ice ( m9d1 9 matt]s :]e 
) mo/ m5 ! s5se ( _! own p]sonality is  
wont to be s exact+ & s easily irritat$4
 ,! hi/ory ( intellectual em95ce is too 
(t5 a hi/ory ( immod]ate egoism4 ,x has 
p]haps h>dly ev] be5 giv5 to any "o :o  
ex]t$ su* influ5ce z ,mr4 ,mill did ov] 
8 contempor>ies1 to view 8 own %>e 9 x )
 su* discrim9ation & equity z m>ks e    
page ( 8 book1 & z us$ to m>k e ^w ( 8  
conv]sation4 ,kn[+ z we all d ! la/     
infirmity ( ev5 noble m9ds1 & h[ deep ! 
desire to erect himself ,pope & ,sir    
,oracle lies 9 ! _s ( a man ) /rong     
convictions1 we may value ! m highly1 z 
well = its r>ity z = its intr9sic wor?1 

,mr4 ,mill's quality ( self-effacem5t1 &
 8 /eadfa/ c>e to look any:]e r ?an 9 8 
own p]sonal m]its1 = ! s\rce ( any ( ^? 
excell5ces :i* he 0 nev] l$ by false    
mode/y to dissemble4  ,_m p seem to f9d 
! mo/ int]e/+ figure 9 ! book t /oical  
fa!r1 ^: au/]e1 en]getic1 imp]i\s1 &    
rel5tless "* %[$ ! temp]am5t ( ! ,scot* 
,cov5ant] ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 inspir$  
by ! pr9ciples & philosophy ( ,france 9 
! eighte5?4 ,no d\bt1 = ^? 9 se>* (     
/rong dramatic effects1 ! l9es ( ?is    
/r5u\s indomitable nature are full (    
impressiv5ess4#c ,b "o ought to be able 
to appreciate ! di/9ction & /r5g? ( !   
fa!r1 & yet also be able to see t !     
di/9ction ( ! son's /r5g? 0 9 tru? m    
really impressive /ill4 ,we enc\nt] a   
mode/y t almo/ speaks ! language (      
fatalism4 ,pieces ( good =tune t mo/ p  
w\ld assur$ly h ei!r expla9$ z due to _!
 own p5etration1 or to ! recognition (  
_! wor? by o!rs1 or else w\ld h refra9$ 
f dwell+ ^u1 z be+ no m ?an ev5ts (     
second>y importance1 are by ,mr4 ,mill  

inv>iably recognis$ at _! full wor? or  
ev5 above x1 & inv>iably spok5 ( z      
=tunate accid5ts1 happy turns 9 ! lott]y
 ( life1 or 9 "s o!r quiet fatali/ic    
phrase1 expressive ( 8 deep feel+ h[ mu*
 we owe to influ5ces ov] :i* we h no    
control & = :i* we h no "r to take any  
cr$it4 ,8 say+ t 'x w\ld be a bless+ if 
! doctr9e ( necessity c\ld be believ$ by
 all quoad ! *>act]s ( o!rs1 &          
disbeliev$ 9 reg>d to _! own' 7p4 #afi71
 w5t ev5 fur!r ?an t1 = he tea*es u to  
accept ! doctr9e ( necessity quoad ! mo/
 m>k$ felicities ( life & "*1 & to lean 
lightly or n at all ^u x 9 reg>d to our 
dem]its4 ,humility is a rationali/ic1 no
 less ?an a ,*ri/ian grace--n humility 9
 face ( error or arrogant pret5sions or 
selfi%ness1 nor a humility t p>alyses   
en]getic ef=t1 b a /eadfa/ consci\sness 
( all ! good gifts :i* our =]unn]s h    
made ready = u1 & ( ! weight ( our      
responsibility = transmitt+ ^! helpful  
=ces to a new g5]ation1 n dim9i%$ b     
augm5t$4  ,footnote #c3 ,9 an int]e/+   

volume 7,! ,m9or ,works ( ,george       
,grote1 edit$ by ,alex&] ,ba94 ,london3 
,murray71 we f9d ,grote confirm+ ,mr4   
,mill's e/imate ( 8 fa!r's psy*agogic   
quality4 ',8 unprem$itat$ oral          
exposition1' says ,grote ( ,james ,mill1
 '0 h>dly less effective ?an 8 prep>$ "w
 ) ! p52 8 colloquial f]tility 9        
philosophical subjects1 8 p[] ( discuss+
 himself1 & /imulat+ o!rs to discuss1 8 
ready responsive inspirations ?r\gh all 
! %ifts & w9d+s ( a sort ( ,platonic    
dialogue1--all ^! accompli%m5ts 7 to ^? 
:o knew him1 ev5 m impressive ?an :at he
 compos$ = ! press4 ,conv]sation ) him 0
 n m]ely in/ructive1 b provocative to ! 
obs]vant intellig5ce4 ,( all p]sons :om 
we h kn[n1 ,mr4 ,james ,mill 0 ! "o :o  
/ood lea/ remote f ! l(ty ,platonic     
ideal ( ,dialectic--,greek3 t\ didonai  
kai de*e/hai logon 7! giv+ & receiv+ (  
reasons7--compet5t alike to exam9e o!rs 
or to be exam9$ by !m 9 philosophy4 ,:5 
to ?is we add a /r5u\s "*1 e>ne/        
convictions1 & s+le-m9d$ devotion to    

tru?1 ) an utt] disda9 ( m]e p>adox1 x  
may be conceiv$ t su* a man ex]cis$     
p[]ful intellectual asc5dancy ov] y\?ful
 m9ds1' etc4--,m9or ,works ( ,george    
,grote1 p4 #bhd4         99       99    
99       99       99  ,9 m ?an "o       
rem>kable place ! ,autobiography %[s u  
di/9ctly :at all c>eful /ud5ts ( ,mr4   
,mill's books suppos$1 t ) him ! social 
aim1 ! repaym5t ( ! s]vices ( ! pa/ by  
devotion to ! s]vices ( pres5t & future1
 0 pr$om9ant ov] any m]ely speculative  
curiosity or ab/ract int]e/4 ,8 pref]5ce
 = deeply res]v$ ways ( express+ ev5 8  
/ronge/ feel+s prev5t$ him f mak+ any   
expansive %[ ( ?is gov]n+ s5tim5t4 ,?\gh
 no man 0 ev] m free f any ta9t ( t bad 
habit ( u ,engli%1 ( d5y+ or palliat+ an
 abuse or a wrong1 unless we are prep>$ 
) an in/ant rem$y = x1 yet he _h a /rong
 av]sion to m]e sociali/ic declamation4 
,p]haps1 if "o may say s )\t            
presumption1 he 0 n indulg5t en\gh 9 ?is
 respect4 ,i rememb] once press+ him )  
"s en?usiasm = ,victor ,hugo1--an       

en?usiasm1 "o is glad to ?9k1 :i* "t    
does no?+ to weak54 ,mr4 ,mill1 admitt+1
 ?\gh n too lavi%ly1 ! sup]b imag9ative 
p[] ( ?is poetic ma/] ( our "t1 /ill    
c\nt$ x a fatal drawback to ,hugo's wor?
 & claim to recognition t 'he has n     
br\ght =w>d "o s+le practical proposal =
 ! improvem5t ( ! society aga9/ :i* he  
is incessantly ?und]+4' ,i v5tur$ to    
urge t x is unreasonable to ask a poet  
to draft acts ( p>liam5t2 & t by br++   
all ! /r5g? ( 8 imag9ation & all !      
maje/ic fulness ( 8 sympa?y to be> on ! 
social horrors & inju/ices :i* /ill lie 
s ?ick ab\t u1 he k9dl$ an inext+ui%able
 fire 9 ! he>ts ( m5 ( weak] initiative 
& less imp]ial gifts alike ( imag9ation 
& sympa?y1 & s prep>$ ! =ces out ( :i*  
practical proposals & specific          
improvem5ts may be expect$ to issue4 ,t 
s obvi\s a k9d ( reflection %\ld n h    
previ\sly int]e/$ ,mr4 ,mill's judgm5t 9
 fav\r ( ! writ] ( ! ,outca/s1 ! ,leg5d 
( ! ,ages1 ! ,contemplations1 only %[s  
h[ /rong 0 8 dislike to all t sav\r$ ( !

 gr&iose1 & h[ afraid he always 0 (     
ev]y?+ t seem$ to dissociate emotion f  
rationally direct$ ef=t4 ,t he 0 himself
 inspir$ by ?is emotion ( pity = !      
common p1 ( div9e rage aga9/ ! inju/ice 
( ! /rong to ! weak1 9 a degree n       
inf]ior to ,victor ,hugo himself1 8 :ole
 c>e] mo/ effectually demon/rates4  ,x  
is ?is devotion to ! sub/antial good ( !
 _m1 ?\gh practis$ )\t ! noisy or       
o/5tati\s pr(essions ( m egoi/ic ?9k]s1 
:i* b9ds toge!r all ! p>ts ( 8 "w1 f !  
,sy/em ( ,logic d[n to 8 la/ spee* on ! 
,l& ,"q4 ,"o ( ! mo/ /rik+ pages 9 !    
,autobiography is t 9 :i* he gives 8    
reasons = compos+ ! refutation (        
,hamilton1 & z "s ( ^! especially       
valuable passages 9 ! book seem to be   
runn+ ! risk ( neglect 9 fav\r ( ^? :i* 
happ5 to furni% mat]ial = ! idle1       
pitiful gossip ( ,london society1 x may 
be well to reproduce x4  ',! diff]5ce1' 
he says1 'betwe5 ^! two s*ools (        
philosophy1 t ( ,intuition & t (        
,exp]i5ce & ,association1 is n a m]e    

matt] ( ab/ract speculation2 x is full (
 practical consequ5ces1 & lies at !     
f\ndation ( all ! greate/ diff]5ces (   
practical op9ion 9 an age ( progress4 ,!
 practical re=m] has cont9ually to dem& 
t *anges be made 9 ?+s :i* are support$ 
by p[]ful & widely spread feel+s1 or to 
"q ! app>5t necessity & indefeasibl5ess 
( e/abli%$ facts2 & x is (t5 an         
indisp5sable "p ( 8 argum5t to %[ h[ ^? 
p[]ful feel+s _h _! orig91 & h[ ^? facts
 came to seem necess>y & indefeasible4  
,!re is !re=e a natural ho/ility betwe5 
him & a philosophy :i* disc\rages !     
explanation ( feel+s & moral facts by   
circum/ances & association1 & pref]s to 
treat !m z ultimate elem5ts ( human     
nature2 a philosophy :i* is addict$ to  
hold+ up fav\rite doctr9es z intuitive  
tru?s1 & deems intuition to be ! voice (
 ,nature & ( ,god1 speak+ ) an au?ority 
high] ?an t ( our reason4 ,9 p>ticul>1  
,i h long felt t ! prevail+ t5d5cy to   
reg>d all ! m>k$ di/9ctions ( human "* z
 innate1 & 9 ! ma9 indelible1 & to      

ignore ! irresi/ible pro(s t by f> !    
great] "p ( ^? diff]5ces1 :e!r betwe5   
individuals1 races1 or sexes1 are su* z 
n only might b naturally w\ld be produc$
 by diff]5ces 9 circum/ances1 is "o ( ! 
*ief h9drances to ! rational treatm5t ( 
great social que/ions1 & "o ( ! greate/ 
/umbl+-blocks to human improvem5t4 ,?is 
t5d5cy has its s\rce 9 ! intuitional    
metaphysics :i* *>act]is$ ! reaction ( !
 n9ete5? c5tury aga9/ ! eighte5?1 & x is
 a t5d5cy s agreeable to human indol5ce1
 z well z to cons]vative int]e/s        
g5]ally1 t unless attack$ at ! v root1 x
 is sure to be c>ri$ to ev5 a great]    
l5g? ?an is really ju/ifi$ by ! m       
mod]ate =ms ( ! intuitional             
philosophy4444 ,consid]+ !n ! writ+s &  
fame ( ,sir ,w4 ,hamilton z ! great     
=tress ( ! intuitional philosophy 9 ?is 
c\ntry1 a =tress ! m =midable f ! impos+
 "*1 & !1 9 _m respects1 great p]sonal  
m]its & m5tal end[m5ts ( ! man1 ,i ?\ght
 x might be a real s]vice to philosophy 
to attempt a ?or\gh exam9ation ( all 8  

mo/ important doctr9es1 & an e/imate ( 8
 g5]al claims to em95ce z a philosoph]2 
& ,i 0 confirm$ 9 ?is resolution by     
obs]v+ t 9 ! writ+s ( at lea/ "o1 & him 
"o ( ! able/1 ( ,sir ,w4 ,hamilton's    
foll[]s1 8 peculi> doctr9es 7 made !    
ju/ification ( a view ( religion :i* ,i 
hold to be pr(\ndly immoral--t x is our 
duty to b[ d[n & wor%ip be=e a ,be+ ^:  
moral attributes are affirm$ to be      
unkn[able by u1 & to be p]haps extremely
 diff]5t f ^? :i*1 :5 speak+ ( our      
fell[-creatures1 we call by ! same "n'  
7pp4 #bgc-bge74  ,?us we see t ev5 :]e !
 di/ance betwe5 ! object ( 8 inquiry & !
 practical wellbe+ ( mank9d seem$ f>!/1 
/ill ! latt] 0 8 />t+ po9t1 & ! do+ 'a  
real s]vice to philosophy' only occurr$ 
to him 9 connection ) a /ill great] & m 
real s]vice to ^? social causes = :i*1 &
 :i* only1 philosophy is wor? cultivat+4
 ,9 ! ,sy/em ( ,logic ! inspiration _h  
be5 ! same4  ',! notion t tru?s ext]nal 
to ! m9d1' he writes1 'may be kn[n by   
intuition or consci\sness1 indep5d5tly (

 obs]vation & exp]i5ce1 is1 ,i am       
p]suad$1 9 ^! times1 ! great            
intellectual support ( false doctr9es & 
bad in/itutions4 ,by ! aid ( ?is !ory e 
invet]ate belief & e int5se feel+ ( :i* 
! orig9 is n rememb]$1 is enabl$ to     
disp5se ) ! obligation ( ju/ify+ itself 
by reason1 & is erect$ into its own     
all-suffici5t v\*] & ju/ification4 ,!re 
nev] 0 an in/rum5t bett] devis$ =       
consecrat+ all deep-seat$ prejudices4 ,&
 ! *ief /r5g? ( ?is false philosophy 9  
morals1 politics1 & religion1 lies 9 !  
appeal :i* x is accu/om$ to make to !   
evid5ce ( ma!matics & ( ! cognate       
bran*es ( physical sci5ce4 ,to expel x f
 ^! is to drive x f its /ronghold4444 ,9
 attempt+ to cle> up ! real nature ( !  
evid5ce ( ma!matical & physical tru?1 ! 
,sy/em ( ,logic met ! intuitive         
philosoph]s on gr\nd on :i* !y _h       
previ\sly be5 deem$ unassailable2 & gave
 its own explanation f exp]i5ce &       
association ( t peculi> "* ( :at are    
call$ necess>y tru?s1 :i* is adduc$ z   

pro( t _! evid5ce mu/ come f a deep]    
s\rce ?an exp]i5ce4 ,:e!r ?is has be5   
done effectually is /ill sub judice2 &  
ev5 !n1 to deprive a mode ( ?\ght s     
/rongly root$ 9 human prejudices &      
p>tialities ( its m]e speculative       
support1 goes b a v little way t[>ds    
ov]com+ x2 b ?\gh only a /ep1 x is a q  
indisp5sable "o2 = s9ce1 aft] all1      
prejudice c only be successfully combat$
 by philosophy1 no way c really be made 
aga9/ x p]man5tly1 until x has be5 %[n n
 to h philosophy on its side' 7pp4      
#bbe-bbg74  ,?is 0 to lay ! basis ( a   
true positivism by ! only means ?r\gh   
:i* x c be laid firmly4 ,x 0 to e/abli% 
at ! bottom ( m5's m9ds ! habit ( seek+ 
explanations ( all ph5om5a 9 exp]i5ce1 &
 build+ up f ! beg9n+ ! great positive  
pr9ciple t we c only "k ph5om5a1 & c    
only "k !m exp]i5tially4 ,we see1 f su* 
passages z ! two t h be5 quot$1 t ) ,mr4
 ,mill1 no less ?an ) ,comte1 ! ultimate
 object 0 to br+ p to ext5d positive    
modes ( ?9k+ to ! ma/] subjects (       

morals1 politics1 & religion4 ,mr4      
,mill1 h[ev]1 ) a wisdom :i* ,comte     
un=tunately did n %>e1 refra9$ f any ra%
 & premature attempt to decide :at w\ld 
be ! results ( ?is mu*-ne$$ ext5sion4   
,he knew t we 7 z yet only j com+ 9     
sight ( ! /age :]e ^! mo/ complex ( all 
ph5om5a c be fruitfully /udi$ on        
positive me?ods1 & he 0 cont5t ) do+ z  
mu* z he c\ld to expel o!r me?ods f m5's
 m9ds1 & to eng5d] ! positive _s &      
temp]4 ,comte1 on ! o!r h&1 presum$ at  
once to draw up a m9ute plan ( social   
recon/ruction1 :i* conta9s "s ideas (   
great beauty & p[]1 "s ( extreme        
absurdity1 & "s :i* w\ld be v mis*iev\s 
if !re 7 ! smalle/ *ance ( _! ev] be+   
realis$4 ',8 book /&s1' ,mr4 ,mill truly
 says ( ! ,sy/em ( ,positive ,polity1 'a
 monum5tal w>n+ to ?9k]s on society &   
politics ( :at happ5s :5 once m5 lose   
sight 9 _! speculations ( ! value (     
,lib]ty & ,individuality' 7p4 #bac74    
99       99       99       99       99  
,x 0 8 own s5se ( ! value ( ,lib]ty :i* 

l$ to ! production ( ! little tractate  
:i* ,mr4 ,mill himself ?\ght likely to  
survive long] ?an any?+ else t he _h    
writt51 ') ! possible exception ( !     
,logic1' z be+ 'a k9d ( philosophic     
text-book ( a s+le tru?1 :i* ! *anges   
progressively tak+ place 9 mod]n society
 t5d to br+ out into ev] /rong] relief2 
! importance to man & society1 ( a l>ge 
v>iety 9 types ( "*1 & ( giv+ full      
fre$om to human nature to exp& itself 9 
innum]able & conflict+ directions' 7p4  
#bec74 ,x seems to u1 h[ev]1 t ,mr4     
,mill's plea = ,lib]ty 9 ! ab/ract1     
invaluable z x is1 /ill is less         
important ?an ! memorable application ( 
?is plea1 & ( all ! argum5ts support+ x1
 to t half ( ! human race ^:            
individuality has hi!rto be5 bl9dly &   
mo/ wa/efully repress$4 ,! little book  
on ! ,subjection ( ,wom51 ?\gh n a      
capital p]=mance l ! ,logic1 0 ! capital
 illu/ration ( ! modes ( reason+ ab\t   
human "* set =? 9 8 ,logic appli$ to !  
case 9 :i* ! old metaphysical notion (  

innate & indelible diff]5ces is /ill    
ne>ly z /rong z ev] x 01 & 9 :i* its    
moral & social consequ5ces are s        
inexpressibly disa/r\s1 s sup]latively  
p[]ful 9 keep+ ! ord9>y level ( ! aims &
 a*ievem5ts ( life l[ & meagre4 ,!      
accurate & unansw]able reason+ no less  
?an ! noble elevation ( ?is great       
argum5t2 ! sagacity ( a hundr$ ( its    
maxims on individual conduct & "*1 no   
less ?an ! comb9$ rationality & beauty (
 its aspirations = ! improvem5t (       
collective social life1 make ?is piece  
probably ! be/ illu/ration ( all ! be/ &
 ri*e/ qualities ( its au?or's m9d1 & x 
is =tunate t a subject ( su* incomp>able
 importance %\ld h be5 fir/ effectively 
pres5t$ = discussion 9 s wor?y &        
pregnant a =m4  ,x is int]e/+ to "k     
def9itely f ! ,autobiography1 :at is    
impli$ 9 ! op5+ ( ! book itself1 t a    
zeal\s belief 9 ! advantages ( aboli%+ !
 legal & social inequalities ( wom5 0 n 
due to ! accid5t ( p]sonal intimacy ) "o
 or two m wom5 ( exceptional di/9ction (

 "*4 ,:at has be5 ignorantly suppos$ 9  
our own day to be a crot*et ( ,mr4      
,mill's 0 ! common doctr9e ( ! y\ng]    
proselytes ( ! ,b5?amite s*ool1 & ,b5?am
 himself 0 :olly ) !m 7,autobiography1  
p4 #aje1 & also #bdd72 z1 ( c\rse1 7 o!r
 ?9k]s ( an e>li] date1 ,condorcet =    
in/ance4#d ,9 ?is z 9 o!r subjects ,mr4 
,mill did n g beyond 8 mode/ def9ition (
 8 own orig9ality--! application ( old  
ideas 9 new =ms & connections 7p4 #aai71
 or ! orig9ality ':i* e ?\ghtful m9d    
gives to its own mode ( conceiv+ &      
express+ tru?s :i* are common prop]ty'  
7p4 #bed74 ,or %all we say t he _h an   
orig9ality ( a m g5u9e k9d1 :i* made him
 fir/ dilig5tly acquire :at 9 an        
excell5t phrase he calls pl5>y          
possession ( tru?s1 & !n transfuse !m ) 
a sympa!tic & contagi\s en?usiasm8      
,footnote #d3 ,condorcet's argum5ts !   
read] w f9d 9 vol4 i4 ( ! pres5t s]ies (
 ^! ,critical ,miscellanies1 p4 #bdi4   
,x is (t5 compla9$ t ! book on ,wom5 has
 ! radical imp]fection ( n speak+ pla9ly

 on ! "q ( ! limitations prop] to       
divorce4 ,! pres5t writ] once v5tur$ to 
ask ,mr4 ,mill :y he _h left ?is        
important po9t undiscuss$4 ,mr4 ,mill   
repli$ t x seem$ to him impossible to   
settle ! exp$i5cy ( m lib]al conditions 
( divorce1 'fir/1 )\t he>+ mu* m fully  
?an we c\ld possibly d at pres5t ! ideas
 held by wom5 9 ! matt]2 second1 until !
 exp]im5t ( m>riage ) entire equality   
betwe5 man & wife _h be5 prop]ly tri$4' 
,p :o are 9 a hurry to get rid ( _!     
p>tn]s may f9d ?is v halt+ k9d ( "w1 & a
 man :o wants to take a new wife be=e   
sunset1 may well be irritat$ by a       
philosoph] :o tells him t ! "q may      
possibly be capable ( useful discussion 
t[>ds ! middle ( ! next c5tury4 ,b ,mr4 
,mill's argum5t is full ( =ce &         
praisewor?y pati5ce4         99       99
       99       99       99  ,! union ( 
b\ndless pati5ce ) un%ak5 hope 0 "o (   
,mr4 ,mill's mo/ conspicu\s di/9ctions4 
,!re are two crises 9 ! hi/ory ( grave &
 s5sitive natures4 ,"o on ! ?re%old (   

manhood1 :5 ! y\? def9es 8 purpose1 8   
cre$1 8 aspirations2 ! o!r t[>ds ! lat] 
"p ( middle life1 :5 circum/ance has    
/ra9$ 8 purpose1 & te/$ 8 cre$1 & giv5  
to 8 aspirations a cold & practical     
measure4 ,! second crisis1 ?\gh less    
/irr+1 less vivid1 less col\r$ to !     
imag9ation1 is ! weighti] probation ( ! 
two1 = x is f9al & decisive2 x m>ks n ! 
m]e unresi/$ =ce ( y\?ful impulse &     
implant$ pr$ispositions1 z ! e>li]      
crisis does1 b r ! resi/+ quality1 !    
/r5g?1 ! purity1 ! dep?1 ( ! native "*1 
aft] ! _m pr9ces ( ! p[] ( ! air h _h "t
 & *ance ( fight+ _! h>de/ aga9/ x4 ,x  
is ! turn :i* a man takes ab\t ! age (  
=ty or five-&-=ty t p>ts him (f among ! 
%eep on ! "r h& or ! poor goats on !    
left4 ,?is is ! "t ( ! gr& moral        
climact]ic2 :5 g5ial unv>ni%$           
selfi%ness1 or co>se & ung5ial cynicism1
 or qu]ul\s despond5cy1 f9ally *okes out
 ! g5]\s resolve ( a fanci$ /r5g? :i* _h
 n yet be5 tri$ 9 ! burn+ fi]y furnace (
 circum/ance4  ,mr4 ,mill did n escape !

 second crisis1 any m ?an he _h escap$ !
 fir/1 ?\gh he dismisses x 9 a f> m     
summ>y mann]4 ,! education1 he tells u1 
:i* 8 fa!r _h giv5 him ) su* f9e        
solicitude1 _h taught him to look = !   
greate/ & sure/ s\rce ( happ9ess 9      
sympa?y ) ! good ( mank9d on a l>ge     
scale1 & _h fitt$ him to "w = ?is good (
 mank9d 9 v>i\s ways4 ,by ! "t he 0     
tw5ty1 8 sympa?ies & passive            
susceptibilities _h be5 s little        
cultivat$1 8 analytic quality _h be5    
develop$ ) s little balance 9 ! %ape (  
develop$ feel+s1 t he sudd5ly f\nd      
himself unable to take pleasure 9 ^?    
?\ghts ( virtue & b5evol5ce :i* _h      
hi!rto only be5 associat$ ) logical     
demon/ration & n ) sympa!tic s5tim5t4   
,?is dejection 0 dispell$ ma9ly by !    
influ5ce ( ,wordswor?--a poet au/]e yet 
graci\s1 en]getic yet sob]1 p5etrat$ )  
feel+ = nature1 yet p5etrat$ ) feel+ = !
 homely lot ( man4 ,"h 0 ! emotional    
syn!sis1 b9d+ toge!r ! en]gies ( !      
speculative & active m9d by sympa!tic   

int]e/ 9 ! common feel+s & common de/9y 
( human be+s4  ,= "s t5 ye>s m          
7#ahbf-ahcf7 ,mr4 ,mill hop$ ! greate/  
?+s = ! good ( society f re=m$          
in/itutions4 ,t 0 ! p]iod ( p>liam5t>y  
*anges1 & su* hope 0 natural & univ]sal4
 ,!n a %ad[ came ov] ?is confid5ce1 &   
,mr4 ,mill advanc$ to ! position t !    
*oice ( political in/itutions is        
subord9ate to ! "q1 ':at great          
improvem5t 9 life & culture /&s next 9  
ord] = ! p conc]n$1 z ! condition ( _!  
fur!r progress8' 7p4 #agj74 ,9 ?is p]iod
 he compos$ ! ,logic 7publi%$ #ahdc7 & !
 ,political ,economy 7#ahdh74 ,!n he saw
 :at all ard5t lov]s ( improvem5t are   
condemn$ to see1 t _! hopes h out/ripp$ 
! rate ( progress2 t fulfilm5t ( social 
aspiration is t>dy & v sl[ ( foot2 & t !
 lead]s ( human ?\ght are nev] p]mitt$  
to ent] into t ,promis$ ,l& :i!r !y are 
conduct+ o!rs4 ,*anges = :i* he _h work$
 & f :i* he expect$ mo/1 came to pass1  
b1 aft] !y _h come to pass1 !y 7 'att5d$
 ) mu* less b5efit to human wellbe+ ?an 

,i %\ld =m]ly h anticipat$1 because !y  
_h produc$ v little improvem5t 9 t :i*  
all real amelioration 9 ! lot ( mank9d  
dep5ds on1 _! intellectual & moral      
/ate4444 ,i _h le>nt f exp]i5ce t _m    
false op9ions may be ex*ang$ = true     
ones1 )\t 9 ! lea/ alt]+ ! habit ( m9d (
 :i* false op9ions are ! result' 7p4    
#bci74 ,?is discov]y appe>s to h br\ght 
on no recurr5ce ( ! dejection :i* _h    
cl\d$ a portion ( 8 y\?4 ,x only set him
 to consid] ! root ( s disappo9t+ a     
conclusion1 & l$ to ! conviction t a    
great *ange 9 ! fundam5tal con/itution (
 m5's modes ( ?\ght mu/ prec$e any m>k$ 
improvem5t 9 _! lot4 ,he p]ceiv$ t      
society is n[ pass+ ?r\gh a transitional
 p]iod '( weak convictions1 p>alys$     
intellects1 & gr[+ laxity ( pr9ciple1' !
 consequ5ce ( ! discr$it 9 ! m          
reflective m9ds ( ! old op9ions on !    
c>d9al subjects ( religion1 morals1 &   
politics1 :i* h n[ lo/ mo/ ( _! efficacy
 = good1 ?\gh /ill possess$ ( life en\gh
 to pres5t =midable ob/acles to ! gr[? (

 bett] op9ion on ^? subjects 7p4 #bci74 
,?us ! crisis ( disappo9tm5t :i* breaks 
up ! hope & ef=t ( s _m m5 :o />t well1 
or else ?r[s !m into poor & /]ile       
c\rses1 prov$ 9 ?is grave1 f]v5t1 & mo/ 
reasonable _s only ! beg9n+ ( m s]i\s   
endeav\rs 9 a new & m ardu\s ve94       
,hi!rto he _h be51 z he says1 'm will+  
to be cont5t ) second+ ! sup]ficial     
improvem5ts :i* _h begun to take place 9
 ! common op9ions ( society & ! _w4'    
,h5ce=? he kept less & less 9 abeyance !
 m h]etical "p ( 8 op9ions1 :i* he began
 m & m cle>ly to disc]n z 'almo/ ! only 
ones1 ! ass]tion ( :i* t5ds 9 any way to
 reg5]ate society' 7p4 #bcj74 ,! crisis 
( middle age develop$ a new =titude1 a m
 e>ne/ intrepidity1 a great] boldness ( 
expression ab\t ! deep] ?+s1 an int]e/  
pr(\nd] ?an ev] 9 ! improvem5t ( ! human
 lot4 ,! book on ! ,subjection ( ,wom51 
! ,lib]ty1 & probably "s pieces t h n   
yet be5 giv5 to ! _w1 are ! notable     
result ( ?is ripe/1 l(tie/1 & mo/       
inspir+ "p ( 8 life4  ,?is judgm5t does 

n appe> to be %>$ by ! majority ( ^? :o 
h hi!rto publi%$ _! op9ions ^u ,mr4     
,mill's life & works4 ,p]haps x w\ld h  
be5 odd if su* a judgm5t _h be5 common4 
,p :o ?9k s]i\sly ( life & its          
conditions ei!r are cont5t ) ^?         
conditions z !y exi/1 or else !y f9d !m 
empty & deeply unsatisfy+4 ,well1 ! =m] 
class1 :o naturally figure prom95tly 9 !
 public press1 because ! press is ! m or
 less flatt]+ mirror ( ! prevail+       
doctr9es ( ! day1 ?9k t ,mr4 ,mill's    
views ( a bett] social future are       
*im]ical1 utopian1 & s5tim5tal4 ,! latt]
 class comp5sate !mselves = ! p9*$ness (
 ! real _w ab\t !m by c]ta9 raptur\s    
ideals1 c5tr+ 9 ,god1 a future life1 & !
 long companion%ip ( ! bless$4 ,!       
consequ5ce ( ?is absorption ei!r 9 !    
imm$iate int]e/s & aims ( ! h\r1 or 9 ! 
int]e/s & aims ( an imag9>y _w :i* is   
suppos$ to await u aft] dea?1 has be5 a 
ha/y incl9ation to look on su* a life & 
su* purposes z are set =? 9 !           
,autobiography z ess5tially jejune &    

dre>y4 ,x is n 9 ! lea/ surpris+ t su* a
 feel+ %\ld prevail4 ,if x 7 o!rwise1 if
 ! majority ( ?\ghtful m5 & wom5 7      
already 9 a condition to be p5etrat$ by 
sympa?y = ! life ( 'se>* ) _m sighs1' !n
 we %\ld h already gone f> on our way   
t[>ds ! goal :i* a ,turgot or a ,mill   
set = human progress4 ,if society _h at 
once recognis$ ! full attractiv5ess ( a 
life ardu\sly pass$ 9 consid]ation ( !  
means by :i* ! race may take its next   
/ep =w>d 9 ! improvem5t ( "* & !        
amelioration ( ! common lot1--& ?is n f 
love ( ,god nor hope ( recomp5se 9 a _w 
to come1 & /ill less f hope ( recomp5se 
or ev5 any v firm assurance ( fulfill$  
aspiration 9 ?is _w1--!n t fundam5tal   
r5ovation ( conviction = :i* ,mr4 ,mill 
sigh$1 & t evolution ( a new fai? to :i*
 he _h look$ =w>d 9 ! f> di/ance1 w\ld  
already h come to pass4  ,mr4 ,mill has 
be5 ung5]\sly ridicul$ = ! eag]ness &   
en?usiasm ( 8 contemplation ( a new &   
bett] /ate ( human society4 ,yet we h   
always be5 taught to consid] x ! m>k ( !

 l(tie/ & mo/ spiritual "*1 = "o to be  
capable ( raptur\s contemplation ( a new
 & bett] /ate 9 a future life4 ,:y1 !n1 
d y n recognise ! l(t9ess & spirituality
 ( ^? :o make _! heav5 9 ! ?\ght ( !    
wid] light & pur] happ9ess t1 9 !       
imm5sity ( ! ages1 may be br\ght to new 
g5]ations ( m51 by long =ce ( vision &  
endeav\r8 ,:at great elem5t is want+ 9 a
 life guid$ by su* a hope8 ,is x n      
dis9t]e/$1 & magnanim\s1 & purify+1 &   
elevat+8 ,! c\ntless beauties (         
association :i* clu/] r\nd ! old] fai?  
may make ! new seem bleak & *illy4 ,b :5
 :at is n[ ! old fai? 0 itself new1 t   
too may well h /ruck1 z we "k t x did   
/rike1 ! adh]5t ( ! mell[$ pagan        
philosophy z crude1 meagre1 jejune1     
dre>y4  ,!n ,mr4 ,mill's life z disclos$
 to u 9 ^! pages has be5 call$ joyless1 
by t sect ( religi\s p>tisans ^:        
peculi>ity is to mi/ake boi/]\sness =   
unction4 ,0 ! life ( ,*ri/ himself1 !n1 
s p>ticul>ly joyful8 ,c ! life ( any man
 be joyful :o sees & feels ! tragic     

mis]ies & h>dly less tragic follies ( ! 
e>?8 ,! old ,prea*]1 :5 he consid]$ all 
! oppressions t are done "u ! sun1 &    
beheld ! te>s ( su* z 7 oppress$ & _h no
 com=t]1 !re=e prais$ ! dead :i* are    
already dead m ?an ! liv+ :i* are yet   
alive1 & decl>$ him bett] ?an bo?1 :i*  
ha? n yet be51 :o ha? n se5 ! evil "w t 
is done "u ! sun4 ,^? :o are will+ to   
trick _! und]/&+s & play fa/ & loose )  
words may1 if !y please1 console        
!mselves ) ! fatu\s commonplaces ( a    
philosophic optimism4 ,!y may1 ) eyes   
tight %ut1 cl+ to ! notion t !y live 9 !
 be/ ( all possible worlds1 or disc]n+  
all ! angui% t may be compress$ into    
?reescore ye>s & t51 /ill try to accept 
! ,/oic's p>adox t pa9 is n an evil4    
,or1 mo/ wond]ful & mo/ common ( all1 !y
 may f9d ?is joy ( :i* !y talk1 9       
m$itat+ on ! moral p]fections ( !       
omnipot5t ,be+ = ^: div]sion ! dismal   
panorama ( all ! evil "w done "u ! sun 0
 bidd5 to unfold itself1 & :o sees t x  
is v good4 ,^? :o are capable ( a       

cont9uity ( joy\s emotion on ^! t]ms may
 well compla9 ( ,mr4 ,mill's /ory z     
dre>y2 & s may ! s*ool ( ,solomon1 :o   
comm5d$ mir? because a man ha? no bett] 
?+ ?an to eat & to dr9k & to be m]ry4   
,p1 h[ev]1 :o are prohibit$ by _!       
intellectual conditions f f9d+ full     
satisfaction ei!r 9 spiritual raptures  
or 9 pleasures ( s5se1 may ?9k ! /&>d ( 
happ9ess :i* ,mr4 ,mill s\ght & rea*$1 n
 unacceptable & n unwor?y ( be+         
dilig5tly /riv5 aft]4  ,mr4 ,mill's     
conception ( happ9ess 9 life is m       
intelligible if we contra/ x ) 8 fa!r's4
 ,! ,cynic elem5t 9 ,james ,mill1 z 8   
son n[ tells u 7pg4 #dh71 0 t he _h     
sc>cely any belief 9 pleasures2 he ?\ght
 few ( !m wor? ! price :i* has to be    
paid = !m2 & he set d[n ! great] numb] (
 ! misc>riages 9 life z due to an       
excessive e/imate ( !m4 ',he ?\ght human
 life a poor ?+ at be/1 aft] ! fre%ness 
( y\? & ( unsatisfi$ curiosity _h gone  
by4444 ,he w\ld sometimes say t if life 
7 made :at x might be1 by good gov]nm5t 

& good education1 x w\ld be wor? hav+2 b
 he nev] spoke ) any?+ l en?usiasm ev5 (
 t possibility4' ,we %\ld %r9k f call+  
ev5 ?is !ory dre>y1 associat$ z x is ) !
 rigor\s en=cem5t ( ! h]oic virtues (   
temp]ance & mod]ation1 & ! /r5u\s &     
c>eful brac+ up ( e faculty to face !   
inevitable & make ! be/ ( x4 ,at bottom 
x is ! !ory ( _m ( ! brave/ s\ls1 :o f>e
 grimly ?r\gh life 9 ! mood ( lead]s (  
=lorn hopes1 d5y+ pleasures1 yet v      
s5sible ( ! /]n delight ( =titude4 ,we c
 h no difficulty 9 und]/&+ t1 :5 ! eld] 
,mill lay dy+1 '8 int]e/ 9 all ?+s &    
p]sons t _h int]e/$ him ?r\gh life 0    
undim9i%$1 nor did ! approa* ( dea?     
cause ! smalle/ wav]+ 7z 9 s /rong &    
firm a m9d x 0 impossible t x %\ld71 9 8
 convictions on ! subject ( religion4 ,8
 pr9cipal satisfaction1 aft] he knew t 8
 end 0 ne>1 seem$ to be ! ?\ght ( :at he
 _h done to make ! _w bett] ?an he f\nd 
x2 & 8 *ief regret 9 n liv+ long]1 t he 
_h n _h "t to d m' 7p4 #bjc74e          
,footnote #e3 ,= ! mood 9 :i* dea? 0    

fac$ by ano!r p]son :o _h r5\nc$ !ology 
& ! doctr9e ( a future /ate (           
consci\sness1 see ,miss ,m>t9eau's      
,autobiography1 ii4 #dce1 etc4  ,mr4    
,mill1 h[ev]1 w5t beyond ?is conception4
 ,he _h a belief 9 pleasures1 & ?\ght   
human life by no means a poor ?+ to ^?  
:o "k h[ to make ! be/ ( x4 ,x 0        
ess5tial bo? to ! /ability ( 8          
utilit>ian philosophy1 & to ! cont5tm5t 
( 8 own temp]am5t1 t ! reality (        
happ9ess %\ld be v9dicat$1 & he did bo? 
v9dicate & atta9 x4 ,a highly           
pleasurable excitem5t t %\ld h no end1 (
 c\rse he did n ?9k possible2 b he      
reg>d$ ! two con/itu5ts ( a satisfi$    
life1 mu* tranquillity & "s excitem5t1 z
 p]fectly atta9able by _m m51 & z       
ultimately atta9able by v _m m4 ,!      
+r$i5ts ( ?is satisfaction he set =? z  
foll[s3--a will+ness n to expect m f    
life ?an life is capable ( be/[+2 an    
intellig5t int]e/ 9 ! objects ( m5tal   
culture2 g5u9e private affections2 & a  
s9c]e int]e/ 9 ! public good4 ,:at1 on !

 o!r h&1 are ! h9drances :i* prev5t ^!  
elem5ts f be+ 9 ! possession ( e "o born
 9 a civilis$ c\ntry8 ,ignorance2 bad   
laws or cu/oms1 deb>r+ a man or woman f 
! s\rces ( happ9ess )9 rea*2 & '!       
positive evils ( life1 ! great s\rces ( 
physical & m5tal suff]+--su* z indig5ce1
 disease1 & ! unk9dness1 wor?lessness1  
or premature loss ( objects (           
affection4'#f ,b e "o ( ^! calamit\s    
imp$im5ts is susceptible ( ! weightie/  
modification1 & "s ( !m ( f9al removal4 
,mr4 ,mill _h le>nt f ,turgot &         
,condorcet--two ( ! wise/ & noble/ ( m51
 z he ju/ly calls !m 7#aac7--;among _m  
o!r lessons1 ?is ( ! b\ndless           
improvabl5ess ( ! human lot1 & we may   
believe t he read ov] _m a "t ! pages 9 
:i* ,condorcet del9eat$ ! ,t5? ,epo* 9 !
 hi/ory ( human p]fectibility1 & trac$  
out 9 words ( f9ely res]v$ en?usiasm !  
op]ation ( ! =ces :i* %\ld consummate ! 
progress ( ! race4 ',all ! gr& s\rces ( 
human suff]+1' ,mr4 ,mill ?\ght1 'are 9 
a great degree1 _m ( !m almo/ entirely1 

conqu]able by human c>e & ef=t2 & ?\gh  
_! removal is griev\sly sl[--?\gh a long
 succession ( g5]ations w p]i% 9 ! brea*
 be=e ! conque/ is complet$1 & ?is _w   
becomes all t1 if w & k 7 n want+1 x    
might easily be made--yet e m9d         
suffici5tly intellig5t & g5]\s to be> a 
"p1 h[ev] small & unconspicu\s1 9 !     
endeav\r1 w draw a noble enjoym5t f !   
conte/ itself1 :i* he w\ld n = any bribe
 9 ! =m ( selfi% indulg5ce cons5t to be 
)\t' 7,utilit>ianism1 #bb74  ,footnote  
#f3 ,= ?is exposition see               
,utilit>ianism1 pp4 #ah-bd4  ,we ?us see
 h[ f> f dre>y ?is wise & b5ign man     
actually f\nd 8 own life2 h[ full x 0 ( 
*e]fulness1 ( animation1 ( p]sev]+ se>*1
 ( a tranquillity light$ up at :olesome 
int]vals by fla%es ( intellectual &     
moral excitem5t4 ,t x 0 n seldom cross$ 
by moods ( despond5cy is likely en\gh1 b
 we may at lea/ be sure t ^! moods _h   
no?+ 9 common ) ! vulg> despond5cy ( ^? 
^: hopes are c5tr$ 9 mat]ial prosp]ity 9
 ?is _w & spiritual prosp]ity 9 "s o!r4 

,!y 71 at lea/1 ! dejection ( a         
magnanim\s _s1 t c\ld only be ca/ d[n by
 "s new h9drance to ! spread ( reason & 
enlight5m5t among m51 or "s new weak5+ (
 _! inc5tives to "r do+4         99     
99       99       99       99  ,mu* has 
be5 said aga9/ ,mr4 ,mill's /rictures on
 society1 & 8 )drawal f x4 ,if we       
realise ! full =ce ( all t he says ( 8  
own purpose 9 life1 x is h>d to see h[  
ei!r 8 op9ion or 8 practice c\ld h be5  
diff]5t4 ,he ceas$ to be cont5t )       
'second+ ! sup]ficial improvem5ts' 9    
common ways ( ?9k+1 & saw ! necessity ( 
work+ at a fundam5tal recon/itution (   
accept$ modes ( ?\ght4 ,?is 9 itself    
implies a condemnation ( a social       
int]c\rse t re/s on ! base ( conv5tional
 ways ( look+ at ?+s4 ,! bett] k9d (    
society1 x is true1 appe>s to conta9 two
 classes2 n only ! class t w he> no?+   
said ho/ile to ! great] social          
conv5tions1 includ+ among ^! ! popul>   
!ology1 b also ano!r class :o w tol]ate 
or ev5 enc\rage attack on ! great]      

social conv5tions1 & a c]ta9 mild       
discussion ( improvem5ts 9 !m--provid$  
only nei!r attack nor discussion be     
conduct$ 9 too s]i\s a ve94 ,a new idea 
ab\t ,god1 or prop]ty1 or ! family1 is  
h&$ r\nd among ! company1 z ladies (    
quality 9 ,que5 ,anne's "t h&$ r\nd a   
black page or a ,*9a mon/]4 ,9 ,bi%op   
,butl]'s phrase1 ^! p only want to "k   
:at is said1 n :at is true4 ,to be 9    
e>ne/1 to %[ t y mean :at y say1 to ?9k 
( draw+ blood 9 ! enc\nt]1 is ?\ght1 &  
p]haps v naturally ?\ght1 to be a piece 
( bad mann]s4 ,social int]c\rse c only  
exi/ ei!r pleasantly or pr(itably among 
p :o %>e a great deal ( common gr\nd 9  
op9ion & feel+4 ,mr4 ,mill1 no d\bt1 0  
always anxi\s to f9d z mu* common gr\nd 
z he hone/ly c\ld1 = ?is 0 "o ( ! mo/   
*>act]i/ic maxims ( 8 propag&ism4 ,b a  
man :o _h nev] be5 br\ght up 9 ! popul> 
religion1 & :o _h be5 br\ght up 9 habits
 ( ! mo/ scrupul\s fair deal+ ) 8 own   
und]/&+2 :o _h nev] clos$ 8 m9d to new  
tru?s f likely s\rces1 b ^: "* 0 =m$1 & 

^: m9d 0 made up1 on ! c5tral po9ts (   
op9ion1 0 n 9 a position to d]ive mu*   
b5efit f ^? :o 9 all respects repres5t a
 less advanc$ /age ( m5tal developm5t4  
,on ! o!r h&1 all ! b5efit :i* !y 7 9 a 
position to d]ive f him c\ld be         
adequately secur$ by read+ :at he wrote4
 ,p]haps !re is no?+ wis] among ! wise  
?+s writt5 9 ! ,autobiography ?an !     
rem>ks on ! fact t p]sons ( any m5tal   
sup]iority1 :o greatly frequ5t society1 
are greatly det]iorat$ by x4 ',n to     
m5tion loss ( "t1 ! tone ( _! feel+s is 
l[]$3 !y become less 9 e>ne/ ab\t ^? (  
_! op9ions respect+ :i* !y mu/ rema9    
sil5t 9 ! society !y frequ5t3 !y come to
 look on _! mo/ elevat$ objects z       
unpractical1 or at lea/ too remote f    
realisation to be m ?an a vision or a   
!ory3 & if1 m =tunate ?an mo/1 !y reta9 
_! high] pr9ciples unimpair$1 yet )     
respect to ! p]sons & affairs ( _! own  
day1 !y ins5sibly adopt ! modes ( feel+ 
& judgm5t 9 :i* !y c hope = sympa?y f ! 
company !y keep' 7p4 #bbh74 ,t a man    

loses some?+1 nay1 t he loses mu*1 by   
be+ depriv$ ( animat+ int]c\rse ) o!r   
m51 ,mr4 ,mill w\ld probably h be5 !    
fir/ to admit4 ,:]e t int]c\rse c be _h1
 no?+ is m fit to make ! judgm5t robu/1 
no?+ m fit to fre%5 & revive our        
int]e/s1 & to clo! !m ) reality4 ,ev5   
second-rate companion%ip has "s cle>    
advantages4 ,! "q is1 :e!r ^! advantages
 outweigh ! equally cle> disadvantages4 
,mr4 ,mill 0 p]suad$ t !y d n4  ,^? :om 
disgu/ at ! aimlessness & insignificance
 ( mo/ ( our social int]c\rse may       
dispose to )drawal f x--& _! numb] w    
probably increase z ! reaction aga9/    
intellectual flippancy goes on--w d well
 to rememb] t ,mr4 ,mill's retirem5t & 8
 v9dication ( x sprang f no moral       
valetud9>ianism4 ,he did n retire to    
gratify any self-indulg5t :im1 b only 9 
ord] to "w ! m un9t]rupt$ly & def9itely4
 ,! ,autobiography tells u :at pa9s he  
took to keep himself in=m$ ( all t 0 go+
 on 9 e "p ( ! _w4 ',9 tru?1 ! mod]n    
facilities ( communication h n only     

remov$ all ! disadvantages1 to a        
political writ] 9 tol]ably easy         
circum/ances1 ( di/ance f ! sc5e (      
political action1 b h conv]t$ !m into   
advantages4 ,! imm$iate & regul> receipt
 ( newspap]s & p]iodicals keeps him au  
c\rant ( ev5 ! mo/ tempor>y politics1 & 
gives him a mu* m correct view ( ! /ate 
& progress ( op9ion ?an he c\ld acquire 
by p]sonal contact ) individuals2 = e   
"o's social int]c\rse is m or less      
limit$ to p>ticul> sets or classes1 ^:  
impressions & no o!rs rea* him ?r\gh t  
*annel2 & exp]i5ce has taught me t ^? :o
 give _! "t to ! absorb+ claims ( :at is
 call$ society1 n hav+ leisure to keep  
up a l>ge acqua9tance ) ! organs (      
op9ion1 rema9 mu* m ignorant ( ! g5]al  
/ate ei!r ( ! public m9d1 or ( ! active 
& in/ruct$ "p ( x1 ?an a recluse :o     
reads ! newspap]s ne$ be4 ,!re are1 no  
d\bt1 disadvantages 9 too long a        
sep>ation f "o's c\ntry--9 n            
occasionally r5ew+ "o's impressions ( ! 
light 9 :i* m5 & ?+s appe> :5 se5 f a   

position 9 ! mid/ ( !m2 b ! delib]ate   
judgm5t =m$ at a di/ance1 & undi/urb$ by
 inequalities ( p]spective1 is ! mo/ to 
be dep5d$ on1 ev5 = application 9       
practice4 ,alt]nat+ betwe5 ! two        
positions1 ,i comb9$ ! advantages (     
bo?4' ,^? :o knew him w p]haps agree t  
he 0 m widely & precisely in=m$ ( !     
transactions ( ! day1 9 e dep>tm5t (    
activity all ov] ! _w1 ?an any o!r p]son
 ( _! acqua9tance4 ,p %\ld rememb]1     
fur!r1 t ?\gh ,mr4 ,mill saw            
comp>atively little ( m5 aft] a c]ta9   
"t1 yet he 0 = _m ye>s ( 8 life 9       
con/ant & active relations ) m54 ,x 0 to
 8 exp]i5ce 9 ! ,indian ,(fice t he     
attribut$ "s ( 8 mo/ s]viceable         
qualities1 especially ?is3 ',i le>nt h[ 
to obta9 ! be/ ,i c\ld1 :5 ,i c\ld n    
obta9 ev]y?+2 in/ead ( be+ indignant or 
dispirit$ because ,i c\ld n h entirely  
my own way1 to be pleas$ & enc\rag$ :5  
,i c\ld h ! smalle/ "p ( x2 & :5 ev5 t  
c\ld n be1 to be> ) complete equanimity 
! be+ ov]rul$ altoge!r' 7pp4 #he1 #hf74 

,9 ^! words we seem almo/ to he> ! mode/
 & simple tones ( ! writ]'s own voice4