by ! ,biblio?que ,nationale de ,france  
7,bn,f_/,gallica7 at                    
http3_/_/gallica4bnf4fr & by ,fir/-,h&  
,hi/ory at                              
http3_/_/www4#a/-h&-hi/ory4org7         
,transcrib]'s ,note3    ,?is e-text is  
int5d$ = read]s :o _c use ! real        
7unicode1 utf-#h7 v]sion ( ! file4      
,*>act]s t c\ld n be   fully display$ h 
be5 unpack$ & %[n 9 brackets3      -a -i
 7a1 i ) macron or long sign7     y 7e  
7y ) grave acc5t2 e ) breve or %ort     
sign7     n 7small rais$ n7             
7l[]-case & upp]-case c ) sla%7    ,!   
au?or's ,note on ,or?ography has be5    
left 9 its orig9al   location1 betwe5 ! 
table ( cont5ts & li/ ( illu/rations4   
,except = ,illu/ration m>k]s & ! *>act]s
 not$ above1 all   brackets are 9 !     
orig9al text4 ,any errors are li/$ at ! 
end   ( ! e-text4          99       99  
99       99       99   ,smi?sonian      
,in/itution--,bureau ,( ,e?nology4      
,,! ,,m\nta9 ,,*ant3                 ,a 
,,navajo ,,c]emony4                     

by          ,dr4 ,,wa%+ton ,,mat!ws1    
,u4,s4,a4         99       99       99  
99       99   ,,cont5ts4    ,numb]s 9   
braces are p>agraph numb]s1 add$ to !   
,table (   ,cont5ts by ! transcrib]4    
,page4   ,introduction                  
#che #a   ,my? ( ! orig9 ( dsilydje qa l
                      #chg #i           
,c]emonies ( dsilydje qa l              
#dah #ha     ,fir/ f\r days             
#dah #hd     ,fif? day                  
#dai #he     ,six? day                  
#dbd #ajj     ,sev5? day                
#dbh #aaa     ,eigh? day                
#dbi #aae     ,n9? day 7until sunset7   
#dcj #aai     ,la/ night                
#dca #abd       ,fir/ dance 7nahik 7    
#dcb #abi       ,second dance 7great    
plum$ arr[7                      #dcc   
#aca       ,?ird dance                  
#dce #acc       ,f\r? dance             
#dcf #acf       ,fif? dance 7sun7       
#dcg #ach       ,six? dance 7/&+ arcs7  
#dcg #adj       ,sev5? dance            
#dch #ada       ,eigh? dance 7ris+ sun7 

#dch #adb       ,n9? dance 7,ho%k wn1 or
 ,yucca7                     #dci #adc  
,t5? dance 7be>7                        
#dda #adg       ,elev5? dance 7fire7    
#dda #adh       ,o!r dances             
#ddc #aea   ,! great pictures ( dsilydje
 qa l                      #ddd #aed    
,fir/ picture 7home ( ! s]p5ts7         
#ddf #afj     ,second picture 7yays &   
cultivat$ plants7              #ddg #afc
     ,?ird picture 7long bodies7        
#dej #agb     ,f\r? picture 7great plum$
 arr[s7                     #dea #agd   
,sacrifices ( dsilydje qa l             
#dea #agf   ,orig9al texts &            
translations ( songs1 c4                
#dee #aib     ,songs ( sequ5ce          
#dee #aic       ,fir/ ,song ( ! ,fir/   
,danc]s                        #def #aih
       ,fir/ ,song ( ! ,m\nta9 ,%eep    
#deg #bja       ,six? ,song ( ! ,m\nta9 
,%eep                       #deg #bje   
,twelf? ,song ( ! ,m\nta9 ,%eep         
#deh #bji       ,fir/ ,song ( ! ,?und]  
#deh #bac       ,twelf? ,song ( ! ,?und]

                            #dei #baf   
,fir/ ,song ( ! ,holy ,"y ,m51 or ,"y   
,m5 ,gods    #dei #bai       ,six? ,song
 ( ! ,holy ,"y ,m5                      
#dfj #bbc       ,twelf? ,song ( ! ,holy 
,"y ,m5                     #dfj #bbg   
,eigh? ,song ( ! ,"y ,wom5 :o ,become   
,be>s        #dfa #bca       ,"o ( !    
,awl ,songs                             
#dfa #bcf       ,fir/ ,song ( ! ,explod+
 ,/ick                      #dfb #bci   
,la/ ,song ( ! ,explod+ ,/ick           
#dfb #bdc       ,fir/ ,daylight ,song   
#dfc #bdg       ,la/ ,daylight ,song    
#dfc #bej     ,o!r songs & extracts     
#dfd #bed       ,song ( ! ,prophet to ! 
,san ,juan ,riv]              #dfd #bed 
,song ( ! ,build+ ( ! ,d>k ,circle      
#dfd #beg       ,pray] to ,dsilyi ,neyni
                               #dfe #bfa
       ,song ( ! ,ris+ ,sun ,dance      
#dfe #bfe       ,in/ructions giv5 to !  
akn9ili                    #dff #bfi    
,pray] ( ! ,prophet to 8 ,mask          
#dff #bgb       ,la/ ,words ( ! ,prophet

                              #dfg #bge 
,,note ,,on ,,! ,,or?ography ,,(        
,,navajo ,,words4  ,! spell+ ( ,navajo  
words 9 ?is pap] is 9 accordance ) !    
alphabet ( ! ,bureau ( ,e?nology3  c  * 
9 *92   ? 9 ?is2   ? 9 ?9k2 j  z 9      
azure2 q  ,g]man * 9 ma*52  %[s t a v[el
 is aspirat$2 ! v[els h ! cont95tal     
s\nds2 ai is ! only diph?ong1 & is l i 9
 l9e2 l is usually aspirat$2 ! o!r      
lett]s h ! ord9>y ,engli% pronunciation4
     ,,illu/rations   ,,plate   ,x4     
,m$ic9e lodge1 view$ f ! s\?            
#dah        ,,xi4 ,m$ic9e lodge1 view$ f
 ! ea/                    #dbj          
,,xii4 ,dance ( nahik                   
#dcb      ,,xiii4 ,fire dance           
#ddb       ,,xiv4 ,! d>k circle (       
bran*es at sunrise                  #ddd
        ,,xv4 ,fir/ dry pa9t+           
#ddf       ,,xvi4 ,second dry pa9t+     
#ddh      ,,xvii4 ,?ird dry pa9t+       
#dej     ,,xviii4 ,f\r? dry pa9t+       
#deb  ,,figure #ej4 ,qa/cli1 f a dry    
pa9t+ ( ! kldji-qa l     #cig           

#ea4 ,! obol 1 or plum$ w&s1 z se5 f !  
door              ( ! m$ic9e lodge      
#dbb        #eb4 ,akn9ili ready = !     
j\rney                         #dbd     
#ec4 ,! great wood pile                 
#dbi        #ed4 ,danc] hold+ up ! great
 plum$ arr[                #dcd         
#ee4 ,danc] swall[+ ! great plum$ arr[  
#dcd        #ef4 ,! :izz]1 or groan+    
/ick                          #dcf      
#eg4 ,yucca baccata                     
#ddj        #eh4 ,sacrificial /icks 7ke 
n7                              #deb    
#ei4 ,! talk+ ke? wn 7ke n-yal7         
#deb          99       99       99      
99       99       ,,! ,,m\nta9 ,,*ant3  
,a ,,navajo ,,c]emony4         ,by ,dr4 
,wa%+ton ,mat!ws1 ,u4,s4,a4         99  
99       99       99       99           
,,introduction4   #a4 ,! c]emony (      
dsilydje qa l1 or m\nta9 *ant--lit]ally1
 *ant t[>ds 7a place7 )9 ! m\nta9s--is  
"o ( a l>ge numb] practic$ by ! %amans1 
or m$ic9e m51 ( ! ,navajo tribe4 ,i h   
select$ x z ! fir/ ( ^? to be describ$1 

because ,i h witness$ x ! mo/ frequ5tly1
 because x is ! mo/ int]e/+ to !        
,caucasian spectator1 & because x is !  
be/ kn[n to ! :ites :o visit & reside 9 
& ar\nd ! ,navajo c\ntry4 ,its *ief     
int]e/ to ! /rang] lies 9 ! v>i\s public
 p]=mances ( ! la/ night4 ,l o!r great  
rites ( ! %amans1 x has its secret      
c]emonies ( _m days' duration 9 ! m$ic9e
 lodge2 b1 unlike ! o!rs1 x ends ) a    
v>i$ %[ 9 ! op5 air1 :i* all are invit$ 
to witness4 ,ano!r c]emony :i* ,i h     
att5d$1 & :i* ! :ites usually call !    
,yaybi*y ,dance 7,ybitcai71 has a f9al  
public exhibition :i* occupies ! :ole   
night1 b x is unv>i$4 ,few ,europeans c 
be f\nd :o h rema9$ awake lat] ?an      
midnight to wat* x4 ,su* is n ! case ) !
 rite n[ to be describ$4 ,"h ! :ite man 
is r>ely ! fir/ to leave at dawn4  #b4  
,! appropriat5ess ( ! "n dsilydje or    
tsilgitce--t[>ds 7a place7 )9 !         
m\nta9s--w be bett] und]/ood f ! my? ?an
 f any brief description4 ,dsilyi may   
well allude to m\nta9s 9 g5]al or to !  

,c>rizo ,m\nta9s 9 p>ticul>1 to ! place 
9 ! m\nta9s 7p>agraphs #i & #ch7 :]e !  
orig9ator ( ^! c]emonies 7:om ,i (t5 f9d
 x conv5i5t to call prophet7 dwelt1 or  
to ! "n ( ! prophet 7p>4 #da71 or to all
 ^! comb9$4 ,qa l signifies a sacr$ song
 or a collection ( sacr$ songs4 ,f ! _m 
,engli% synonyms = song ,i h select$ !  
^w *ant to translate qa l4 ,9 its usual 
signification hymnody may be its m exact
 equival5t1 b x is a less conv5i5t t]m  
?an *ant4 ,! %aman1 or m$ic9e man1 :o is
 ma/] ( c]emonies1 is kn[n z qa li or   
*ant]--el cantador1 ! ,mexicans call    
him4 ,9 ord] to keep 9 m9d 8 relation%ip
 to simil> function>ies 9 o!r tribes ,i 
%all1 f "t to "t1 allude to him z !     
prie/1 ! %aman1 or ! m$ic9e man1 foll[+ 
! example ( o!r au?ors4 ,to all         
c]emonies ( a "* simil> to ?is ! t]m qa 
l is applicable4 ,x w\ld seem f ?is t ! 
,navajo reg>d ! song z ! *ief "p ( !    
c]emony1 b s9ce ! ,am]icans1 z a rule1  
reg>d all ,indian c]emonies z m]ely     
dances & call !m dances1 ,i w1 out (    

def]5ce to a national prejudice1        
frequ5tly ref] to ! c]emony z a dance4  
#c4 ,sometimes ! collective rites &     
amusem5ts ( ! la/ night are spok5 ( z   
ilnasjngo qa l1 or *ant 9 ! d>k circle (
 bran*es1 f il1 bran*es ( a tree2 nas1  
surr\nd+1 encircl+2 j91 d>k2 & g1 94 ,! 
"n alludes to ! great f5ce ( pion       
bran*es1 erect$ aft] sunset on ! la/    
night1 to receive ! gue/s & p]=m]s4 ,i  
%all (t5 ref] to ?is inclosure z !      
corral4 ,"s :ite m5 call ! rites ,i     
describe ! corral dance1 b m usually !y 
call !m ! ho%k wn dance1 f "o ( ! m9or  
p]=mances ( ! la/ night1 ! hack n-91 or 
act ( ! ,yucca baccata1 a rite or drama 
:i* seems to p>ticul>ly excite !        
,caucasian int]e/4 ,to su* m9or acts !  
t]ms 9 & alli are appli$2 ^! may be     
translat$ dance1 %[1 act1 or exhibition4
  #d4 ,! purposes ( ! c]emony are v>i\s4
 ,its o/5sible reason = exi/5ce is to   
cure disease2 b x is made ! occasion =  
invok+ ! unse5 p[]s 9 behalf ( ! p at   
l>ge = v>i\s purposes1 p>ticul>ly = good

 crops & abundant ra9s4 ,x w\ld appe> t 
x is also design$ to p]petuate _!       
religi\s symbolism4 ,"s ( ! %[s ( ! la/ 
night are und\bt$ly int5d$ to be        
dramatic & ent]ta9+ z well z religi\s1  
:ile ! m]ely social elem5t ( ! :ole     
affair is obvi\s4 ,x is an occasion :5 !
 p ga!r to h a jolly "t4 ,! pati5t pays 
! exp5ses &1 probably 9 addition to !   
favor & help ( ! gods & ! praise ( !    
prie/hood1 hopes to obta9 social        
di/9ction = 8 lib]ality4  #e4 ,?is1 l   
o!r great rites ( ! ,navajo1 is ( n9e   
days' duration4 ,"s ( ^! rites may take 
place 9 ! summ]2 b ! great majority (   
!m1 includ+ ?is dsilydje qa l1 may be   
celebrat$ only 9 ! w9t]1 9 ! season :5 !
 ?und] is sil5t & ! rattlesnakes are    
hib]nat+4 ,7 !y to tell ( _! *ief gods  
or relate _! my?s ( ! anci5t days at any
 o!r "t1 dea? f lightn+ or snake-bite   
w\ld1 !y believe1 be _! e>ly fate4  #f4 
,:ile 9 ,new ,mexico ,i sometimes       
employ$ a v lib]al m9d$ ,navajo1 nam$   
,juan1 z a guide & in=mant4 ,he _h sp5t 

_m ye>s among ,am]icans1 ,mormons1 &    
,mexicans1 & 01 ,i imag9$1 almo/        
p]fectly emancipat$ f 8 e>ly bias4 ,he  
spoke bo? ,engli% & ,spani% fairly4 ,on 
"o occasion1 dur+ ! mon? ( ,augu/1 9 !  
height ( ! ra9y season1 ,i _h him 9 my  
/udy conv]s+ ) him4 ,9 an ungu>d$ mom5t1
 on 8 "p1 ,i l$ him into a discussion   
ab\t ! gods ( 8 p1 & nei!r ( u _h notic$
 a heavy /orm com+ ov] ! cre/ ( ! ,zui  
,m\nta9s1 close by4 ,we 7 j talk+ (     
,e/snatlehi1 ! goddess ( ! we/1 :5 !    
h\se 0 %ak5 by a t]rific peal ( ?und]4  
,he rose at once1 pale & evid5tly       
agitat$1 &1 :isp]+ ho>sely1 ,wait till  
,*ri/mas2 !y are angry1 he hurri$ away4 
,i h se5 _m su* evid5ces ( ! deep       
influ5ce ( ?is sup]/ition on !m4  #g4   
,:5 ! man 7or ! woman7 :o gives !       
ent]ta9m5t concludes he is sick & t he c
 af=d to call a %aman1 x is n ! latt] :o
 decides :at p>ticul> rites are be/     
suit$ to cure ! malady4 ,x is ! pati5t &
 8 fri5ds :o det]m9e ?is4 ,!n !y s5d = a
 man :o is kn[n to be skill$ 9 p]=m+ !  

desir$ rites1 & x is 8 prov9ce m]ely to 
d ! "w requir$ ( him4  #h4 ,be=e beg9n+ 
to describe ! c]emonies x w be well to  
relate ! my? acc\nt+ = _! orig94        
,,my? ,,( ,,! ,,orig9 ,,( ,,dsily,,dje  
,,qa,l4   #i4 ,_m ye>s ago1 9 !         
neighborhood ( ,dsilyi-qojni1 9 !       
,c>rizo ,m\nta9s1 dwelt a family ( six3 
! fa!r1 ! "m1 two sons1 & two daught]s4 
,!y did n live all ! "t 9 "o locality1 b
 mov$ f place to place 9 ! neighborhood4
 ,! "y m5 hunt$ rabbits & wood rats1 = x
 0 on su* small animals t !y all        
subsi/$4 ,! girls sp5t _! "t ga!r+ v>i\s
 wild edible se$s4  #aj4 ,aft] a "t !y  
w5t to a place call$ ,tse-bi  7! ,w+s ( 
! ,rock or ,w+$ ,rock71 :i* lies to !   
ea/ ( ! ,c>rizo ,m\nta9s1 on a pla94 ,:5
 !y fir/ encamp$ !re 0 no wat] 9 !      
vic9ity & ! eld] bro!r w5t out to see if
 he c\ld f9d "s4 ,he obs]v$ f ! camp a  
little s&y hillock1 cov]$ ) "s          
vegetation1 & he det]m9$ to see :at sort
 ( plants grew !re4 ,arriv$ !re1 he     
notic$ a spot :]e ! gr\nd 0 moi/4 ,he   

got 8 digg+ /ick & proce$$ to make a    
hole 9 ! gr\nd4 ,he _h n dug long :5 !  
wat] sudd5ly bur/ =? 9 great abundance &
 soon fill$ ! excavation he _h made4 ,he
 ha/5$ back to ! camp & ann\nc$ 8       
success4 ,:5 !y left ! ,c>rizo ,m\nta9s 
x 0 _! int5tion to g to epntsa1 ! ,la   
,plata ,m\nta9s1 to hunt = food1 & _!   
halt at ,tse-bi  0 design$ to be        
tempor>y only2 b1 n[ t !y _h f\nd       
abundance ( wat]1 ! eld] bro!r c\nsel$  
!m n to ha/5 on1 b to rema9 :]e !y 7 = a
 :ile4 ,! spr+ he develop$ /ill exi/s & 
is kn[n to ! ,navajo z ob9 kis1 or !    
,"o-,ey$ ,wat]4  #aa4 ,! spr+ 0 "s      
di/ance f ! camp1 & !y _h b "o wick]    
wat] bottle2 s ! woman1 to light5 h]    
labor1 propos$ t !y %\ld move _! goods  
to ! vic9ity ( ! spr+1 z x 0 h] task to 
draw ! wat]4 ,b ! old man c\nsel$ t !y  
%\ld rema9 :]e !y 71 z mat]ials = build+
 7 close at h& & x 0 8 duty to erect !  
hut4 ,!y argu$ long ab\t x2 b at l5g? ! 
woman prevail$1 & !y c>ri$ all _!       
prop]ty d[n close to ! spr+4 ,! eld] son

 sugge/$ t x w\ld be well to dig into ! 
s(t s&y soil1 9 ord] to h a good %elt]2 
s ! old man select$ a s&y hillock1      
ov]gr[n ) grease-wood1 & excavat$ x ne> 
"o edge1 digg+ /raight d[n1 s z to h a  
wall on "o side4  #ab4 ,!y _h a /one    
ax-head1 ) a groove 9 x4 ,ar\nd ?is !y  
b5t a flexible twig ( oak & ti$ x ) !   
fib]s ( ! yucca1 & ?us !y made a h&le4  
,! fir/ day aft] ! spr+ 0 f\nd ! "y m5  
w5t out & *opp$ all day1 & 9 ! ev5+     
br\ght home f\r poles1 & :ile !y 7 gone 
! old man dug 9 ! hillock4 ,! next day !
 "y m5 *opp$ all day1 & at night return$
 ) f\r m poles1 :ile _! fa!r cont9u$ 8  
digg+4 ,!y work$ ?us = f\r days1 & !    
lodge 0 f9i%$4 ,!y made mats ( hay to   
lie on & a mat ( ! same mat]ial to hang 
9 ! doorway4 ,!y made mats ( f9e c$> b>k
 ) :i* to cov] !mselves 9 b$1 = 9 ^?    
days ! ,navajo did n weave blankets su* 
z !y make n[4 ,! soles ( _! moccas9s 7  
made ( hay & ! upp]s ( yucca fib]s4 ,!  
"y m5 7 oblig$ to g hunt+ e day2 x 0    
only ) great labor !y c\ld keep ! h\se  

suppli$ ) meat2 =1 z has be5 said1 !y   
liv$ mo/ly on small animals1 su* z c\ld 
be caught 9 fall traps4 ,^! traps !y set
 at night ne> ! burr[s1 & !y slept close
 to ! traps :5 ! latt] 7 set f> f home4 
,!y hunt$ ?us = f\r days aft] ! h\se 0  
f9i%$1 :ile _! si/]s sc\r$ all ! c\ntry 
r\nd 9 se>* ( se$s4  #ac4 ,) all _! "w  
!y f\nd x h>d to make a liv+ 9 ?is      
place4 ,! l& 0 b>r52 ev5 rats & prairie 
dogs 7 sc>ce1 & ! se$ be>+ plants 7 few4
 ,at ! end ( ! f\r? day !y held a       
consultation1 & ! old man said !y w\ld d
 bett] to move on to ! ,san ,juan ,riv]1
 :]e food 0 m abundant1 & !y c\ld trap &
 ga!r se$s z !y travel$4 ,!y det]m9$ to 
leave1 & next morn+ broke camp4 ,!y     
j\rney$ on till !y rea*$ ! banks ( !    
,san ,juan4 ,"h !y f\nd abundance (     
tciltc9 7fruit ( ,rhus aromatica7 & (   
grass se$s1 & !y encamp$ beside ! riv]  
at night4  #ad4 ,next day !y travel$ up 
! /ream to a place call$ ,tseq ka1 & "h 
aga9 !y halt$ = ! night4 ,?is place is  
not$ = its deposits ( native salt4 ,!   

travel]s cut "s out f "u a great rock & 
fill$ ) x _! bags1 made out ( ! sk9s ( !
 squirrels & o!r small animals :i* !y _h
 captur$4 ,!nce !y foll[$ up ! riv] to  
,tseez 7,rock ,/ick+ ,up71 & !nce to isy
 -qojni 7,beautiful ,"u ! ,cottonwoods71
 :]e !y rema9$ a day & kill$ two        
rabbits4 ,^! !y sk9n$1 disemb[el$1 cru%$
 betwe5 two /ones1 bones & all1 s t no?+
 might be lo/1 put !m into an e>!n pot  
to boil1 & :5 !y 7 suffici5tly cook$ !y 
add$ "s p[d]$ se$s to make a ?ick s\p2 (
 all ?is !y made a he>ty meal4 ,!       
,navajo !n _h nei!r horses nor asses2 !y
 c\ld n c>ry /one metates :5 !y travel$1
 z !y d n[2 !y gr\nd _! se$s ) su* /ones
 z !y c\ld f9d any:]e4 ,! old man advis$
 t !y %\ld cross ! riv] at ?is po9t & he
 direct$ 8 sons to g to ! riv] & look = 
a =d4 ,aft] a "t !y return$ & relat$ t  
!y _h f\nd a place :]e ! /ream 0 mo/ly  
knee deep1 & :]e1 9 ! deepe/ "p1 x did n
 come above _! hips1 & !y ?\ght all w\ld
 be able to cross !re4 ,! fa!r nam$ !   
h\r ( bihilhigi 7:5 x gets w>m1 i4e41   

ab\t #aj a4m471 on ! morr[1 z ! "t !y   
%\ld =d ! ,san ,juan2 s next morn+ at ! 
appo9t$ "t !y cross$4 ,!y travel$ up !  
nor? bank until !y came to a small      
afflu5t ^: s\rce 0 9 epntsa4 ,"h !y left
 ! ma9 riv] & foll[$ ! bran* until night
 approa*$1 :5 !y made camp4  #ae4 ,!y   
mov$ on next day & came close to epntsa1
 to a soil cov]$ ) tracks ( de] & ( o!r 
great animals ( ! *ase4 ,"h !y encamp$1 
& on ! foll[+ morn+ ! "y m5 set out by  
diff]5t ways 9 ! direction ( ! m\nta9 to
 hunt2 b at night !y return$ empty h&$4 
,?us !y hunt$ f\r days unsuccessfully4  
,e day :ile 8 sons 7 gone ! old man     
busi$ himself cutt+ d[n sapl+s ) 8 /one 
ax & build+ a h\se1 & ! daught]s ga!r$  
se$s1 :i* con/itut$ ! only food ( !     
family4 ,z ! sapl+s 7 abundant & close  
to ! camp1 ! old man built 8 h\se fa/1 &
 _h x f9i%$ at nightfall on ! f\r? day1 
:5 8 sons return$ f _! fruitless labors4
 ,!y ent]$ ! lodge & sat d[n4 ,!y 7 we>y
 & hungry & _! bodies 7 badly torn by ! 
?orns & ?ick copse ( ! m\nta9s4 ,_! fa!r

 spoke n a ^w to !m z !y ent]$2 he did n
 ev5 look at !m2 he seem$ to be lo/ 9   
deep contemplation2 s ! "y m5 said no?+1
 & all 7 sil5t4 ,at l5g? ! old man look$
 up & broke ! sil5ce1 say+1 ,aqal ni    
cactc9i6 7,welcome1 my *ildr547 ,aga9 y 
h return$ to ! lodge )\t food4 ,:at does
 x avail t y g out e day to hunt :5 y   
br+ home no?+8 ,y kill no?+ because y "k
 no?+4 ,if y _h k y w\ld be successful4 
,i pity y4 ,! "y m5 made no reply1 b lay
 d[n & w5t to sleep4  #af4 ,at dawn !   
old man woke !m & said3 ,g out1 my      
*ildr51 & build a sweat-h\se1 & make a  
fire to heat /ones = ! ba?1 & build !   
sweat-h\se only z ,i w tell y4 ,make !  
frame ( f\r diff]5t k9ds ( wood4 ,put ka
 7junip]7 9 ! ea/1 tseiszi 7m\nta9      
mahogany7 9 ! s\?1 e/sn 7pion7 9 ! we/1 
& awtsal 7cliff rose7 9 ! nor?2 jo9 !m  
toge!r at ! top & cov] !m ) any %rubs y 
*oose4 ,get two small =k$ /icks1 ! l5g? 
( ! =e>m1 to pass ! hot /ones into !    
sweat-h\se1 & "o long /ick to poke !    
/ones out ( ! fire1 & let all ^! /icks  

be su* z h _! b>k abrad$ by ! antl]s ( !
 de]4 ,take ( all ! plants on :i* ! de] 
mo/ l to br[se & spread !m on ! floor ( 
! sweat-h\se1 t we may sit on !m4 ,s !y 
built ! lodge z he direct$1 & lit ! fire
 & heat$ ! /ones4 ,:ile !y 7 transf]r+ !
 hot /ones f ! fire to ! lodge ! old man
 br\ght out ! mats :i* !y us$ = b$d+1 & 
:5 all ! /ones _h be5 put 9 he hung !   
mats1 "o on top ( ano!r1 ov] ! doorway4 
,?is done ! ?ree m5 w5t into ! sudatory 
& sat d[n to sweat1 utt]+ n a ^w4 ,:5 !y
 _h p]spir$ suffici5tly !y came out &   
sat d[n 9 sil5ce until !y 7 aga9 ready  
to submit !mselves to ! heat4 ,9 ?is way
 !y sweat$ !mselves f\r times1 keep+ all
 ! "t a p]fect sil5ce1 until !y em]g$ = 
! la/ "t1 :5 ! old man direct$ 8        
daught]s to dig "s soap root & make a   
la!r4 ,9 ?is he bade 8 sons wa% _! hair 
& ! entire surface ( _! bodies well4 ,:5
 !y 7 ?or\ghly cleans$1 he s5t !m out to
 set twelve /one fall traps1 a task :i* 
occupi$ all ! re/ ( ! day4 ,= ea* trap  
!y buri$ a flat /one ) its upp] side on 

a level ) ! surface ( ! gr\nd2 on ?is !y
 spr9kl$ a little e>?1 s t ! rat w\ld   
suspect no?+2 ov] ?is !y plac$ ano!r    
flat /one1 lean+ at an angle & support$ 
by a sl5d] /ick1 to :i* 7 atta*$ b]ries 
( ! aromatic sumac z a bait4 ,t night ! 
"y m5 sat up v late talk+ ) _! fa!r1 &  
did n lie d[n to sleep until aft]       
midnight1 :51 z _! fa!r direct$1 !y lay 
side by side ) _! heads to ! ea/4  #ag4 
,! eld] bro!r arose e>ly1 /irr$ ! emb]s 
& made a fire1 & soon ! y\ng] awoke4 ,z 
!y sat by ! fire w>m+ !mselves1 ! eld]  
"o said3 ,y\ng] bro!r1 ,i _h a dream 9 !
 night2 ,i dreamt ,i kill$ a buck de]4  
,& ! y\ng] repli$3 ,eld] bro!r1 ,i1 too1
 _h su* a dream1 b t :i* ,i kill$ 0 a   
doe4 ,! old man he>d _! words & rose1   
say+1 ,x is well1 my *ildr52 g out & try
 aga94 ,!y w5t out to visit _! traps4 ,!
 fir/ "o !y came to _h fall52 !y lift$ !
 /one & f\nd "u x ! body ( a rat4 ,s ea*
 "o 9 turn1 z !y visit$ x 0 f\nd to h   
fall51 kill+ 9 its fall "s small animal2
 & !y return$ to ! lodge ) twelve little

 creatures = _! food4 ,!n ! old man told
 !m to take _! b[s & arr[s & hunt = de]4
 ,hunt1 said he1 to ! ea/1 ! we/1 & !   
nor?1 if y w1 b d n pass to ! s\? ( !   
lodge4 ,) ^! in/ructions !y set out1 ea*
 "o 9 a diff]5t direction4 ,! eld] bro!r
 _h n travel$ f> :5 he saw a h]d ( de] &
 %ot "o ( ! numb]4 ,he sk9n$ x1 cut x   
up1 took ! backbone1 hide1 & tall[1 &   
hung ! re/ 9 a tree4 ,z he drew ne> !   
h\se1 he saw 8 y\ng] bro!r approa*+ f a 
diff]5t direction ) ! hide & meat ( a   
doe4 ,:5 !y ent]$ ! hut1 ! old man ask$ 
:i* ( ! two de] 0 %ot fir/4 ,! eld]     
bro!r answ]$3 ,i ?9k m9e 01 = ,i kill$ x
 e>ly ?is morn+1 soon aft] ,i left !    
h\se4  ,well1 said ! fa!r1 ?is sk9 ( !  
fir/ sla9 is m9e2 g & /ret* x & dry x = 
me ) c>e4 ,aft] ?is !y w5t out hunt+ e  
day = twelve days1 b =tune seem$ to h   
des]t$ !m2 !y kill$ no m game2 & at !   
end ( t "t _! supply ( meat 0 exhau/$4  
,!n ! old man said3 ,x always takes f\r 
trials be=e y succe$4 ,g out once m1 &  
if y kill a de] d n dress x1 b leave x z

 x is4  #ah4 ,on ! foll[+ day !y left ! 
lodge toge!r & did n take sep>ate       
trails4 ,soon !y kill$ a de]1 & ! y\ng] 
bro!r said3 ,:at %all we n[ d ) x1 s9ce 
our fa!r has told u n to sk9 x & n to   
cut x up8 ,! eld] bro!r said3 ,i "k n4  
,return to ! lodge & ask our fa!r :at we
 mu/ d4 ,!n ! y\ng] bro!r return$ to 8  
fa!r & ! latt] in/ruct$ him ?us3 ,cut ! 
sk9 ar\nd ! neck2 !n c>efully take ! sk9
 f ! head1 s z to remove ! horns1 e>s1 &
 all o!r p>ts1 )\t te>+ ! sk9 any:]e4   
,leave su* an am\nt ( fle% ) ! nose &   
lips t !y w n %rivel & lose _! %ape :5  
!y dry4 ,!n take ! sk9 f ! body1 :i* sk9
 w aga9 be m9e4 ,"o ( y mu/ take out !  
pluck & c>ry t 9 ! hide to me2 ! o!r w  
br+ ! sk9 ( ! head & ! meat4 ,let him :o
 be>s ! pluck come 9 advance1 & /op n   
till he comes directly to me1 & he mu/  
h& x to me & to no "o else4 ,! y\ng]    
bro!r w5t back & told all ?is to ! eld]4
 ,!y dress$ ! de] z !y 7 bidd52 ! y\ng] 
put ! pluck 9 ! sk9 & w5t 9 advance1 & !
 eld] foll[$ ) ! v5ison & ! sk9 ( !     

head4 ,:5 !y rea*$ ! hogn1 ! fa!r said3 
,:]e is ! atcai8 7pluck7 & ! y\ng] said3
 ,x is 9 ! sk94 ,take x out1 said ! old 
man1 & hang x on yond] m\nta9 mahogany4 
,! "y man did z he 0 bidd54 ,! fa!r     
advanc$ ) 8 b[ & arr[ & h&$ !m to ! eld]
 bro!r1 :o plac$ ! arr[ on ! /r+ & held 
! b[4 ,! old man put 8 h&s on top ( ^? (
 8 son & toge!r !y drew ! b[4 ,! =m]    
took c>eful aim at ! pluck & let ! arr[ 
fly4 ,x /ruck ! object & p5etrat$ bo?   
he>t & lungs s f> t ! po9t protrud$ on !
 opposite side4 ,!n ! old man told 8 son
 to seize ! arr[ by ! po9t & draw x     
completely ?r\gh1 :i* 0 done4 ,next he  
made 8 son /& close to ! pluck1 look+   
t[>ds x1 & :ile 8 son 0 9 ?is position  
he blew on him 9 ! direction ( ! pluck4 
,n[1 said ! fa!r1 :5ev] y want to kill a
 buck1 ev5 if !re is nei!r track nor    
sign ( de] 9 sight1 y h only to %oot    
into ! tseiszi 7m\nta9 mahogany1        
,c]coc>pus p>vifolius7 & y w f9d a dead 
de] :]e y\r arr[ /rikes2 :ile if y wi%  
to kill a female de] y w %oot y\r arr[  

into ! awtsal 7cliff rose1 ,c[ania      
mexicana7 & y w f9d a doe !re4 ,:5 all  
?is 0 done !y prep>$ ! sk9 ( ! head1 "u 
! old man's directions4 ,to keep ! sk9 (
 ! neck op5 !y put into x a wood5 hoop4 
,!y sew$ up ! m\?1 left ! eyeholes op51 
/uff$ ! sk9 ) hay1 & hung x 9 a tree to 
dry1 :]e x w\ld n get smoky or du/y4 ,!y
 cut places 9 ! neck ?r\gh :i* ! hunt]  
might see4 ,! sk9 ( ! doe :i* ! y\ng]   
bro!r _h kill$ "s "t be=e1 & :i* _h be5 
tann$ 9 ! mean "t1 !y pa9t$ r$ & gray1  
to make x look l ! sk9 ( an antelope4   
,!y prep>$ two %ort /icks1 ab\t ! l5g? (
 ! =e>m2 ^! 7 to enable ! hunt] to move 
) ease & hold 8 head at ! prop] height  
:5 he crept 9 disguise on ! de]4 ,dur+ !
 next f\r days no "w 0 done1 except t ! 
eld] bro!r practic$ 9 imitat+ ! walk ( !
 de]4  #ai4 ,f ! camp :]e ^! ?+s happ5$ 
!y mov$ to a place call$ ,tse-lak -i    
7,:ite ,/&+ ,rock74 ,be=e !y w5t to hunt
 or ga!r se$s1 ! old man desir$ t !y    
%\ld all help to build ! hogn 7hut72 s  
all w5t to "w toge!r1 m5 & wom51 & !    

hogn 0 complet$1 inside & outside1 9 f\r
 days4  #bj4 ,! morn+ foll[+ !          
completion ( ! hogn1 ! fa!r s5t ! "y m5 
out aga91 direct+ !m1 z be=e1 n to g to 
! s\?4 ,!y w5t (f toge!r1 & soon espi$ a
 h]d ( de]4 ,! eld] bro!r put on ! de]  
mask & began to imitate ! motions ( !   
animal1 ask+ 8 y\ng] bro!r :at he ?\ght 
( ! mimicry4 ,:5 ! latt] gave 8         
approval1 ! eld] bro!r said1 ,/eal r\nd 
to ! o!r side ( ! h]d & :5 !y see y !y w
 come 9 my direction4 ,he wait$1 & :5 he
 saw t 8 bro!r _h got to ! o!r side ( ! 
h]d1 he select$ a big fat buck z 8      
special object1 & began to move t[>ds   
him1 walk+ & paw+ ! gr\nd l a de]1 &    
rubb+ 8 antl]s aga9/ ! trees4 ,soon !   
buck began to approa* ! hunt]1 b ! latt]
 kept 8 head con/antly turn$ t[>d ! de] 
! bett] to ma9ta9 8 disguise4 ,pres5tly 
! buck came q close to ! ,indian1 :5 !  
latt] sp$ 8 arr[ & br\ght ! qu>ry d[n4  
,!y c>ri$ ! meat home & ! old man dem&$ 
t ! meat & sk9 %\ld all be 8 9 paym5t = 
8 advice4 ,?is 0 ! ?ird "t he _h advis$ 

!m & ! ?ird "t he _h receiv$ a gift = 8 
s]vice4 ,he direct$ t ! meat %\ld be cut
 into pieces & hung 9 ! trees to dry1 & 
t ! sk9 %\ld be /ret*$ & dri$ = 8 b$4   
#ba4 ,next day ! eld] bro!r desir$ !    
y\ng] to /ay at home1 say+ t he w\ld l  
to hunt alone4 ,z usual1 ! old man w>n$ 
him aga9/ ! s\?1 & direct$ him to hunt 9
 ! c\ntry nor? ( ! hogn4 ,he set out1   
accord+ly1 to ! nor?2 b he return$ at   
night )\t any game4 ,aga9 on ! foll[+   
morn+ he set out alone1 & ?is "t w5t to 
! we/1 z 8 fa!r _h direct$4 ,he hunt$   
all day )\t success1 until ne> sunset1  
:5 x 0 "t = him to return4 ,!n he       
rememb]$ :at 8 fa!r _h told him ( !     
%rubs t w\ld always h de] = 8 arr[4     
,look+ ar\nd he saw a cliff rose1 into  
:i* he %ot 8 d>t1 & at ! same in/ant he 
obs]v$ a de] fall+ 9 ! %rub4 ,he ran to 
! spot & f\nd a dead doe4 ,:5 he _h     
sk9n$ & dress$ x1 he c\ld discov] no    
high tree at h& t he might hang x on to 
keep x safe f ! wolves1 s he laid ! meat
 on ! top ( ! cliff rose1 spread ! sk9  

ov] x1 /uck an arr[ upright on ! top (  
x1 & w5t home4 ,on 8 way he (t5 said to 
himself1 ,:y does my fa!r bid me nev] to
 g to ! s\?8 ,he pond]$ mu* on !        
subject1 & be=e he rea*$ ! hut he _h    
det]m9$ to satisfy 8 curiosity & to g to
 ! s\? on ! fir/ good opportunity4 ,:5  
he got home he told :]e he _h laid !    
meat1 &1 fe>+ t ! cr[s or coyotes might 
get at x1 he begg$ 8 bro!r to ha/5 & br+
 x 94 ,:5 ! meat came he ask$ t a piece 
might be broil$ = 8 lun* on ! hunt next 
day4 ,all t night ! ?\ght ( 8 fa!r's    
prohibition cont9u$ to haunt 8 m9d &    
w\ld n be dismiss$4  #bb4 ,on ! morr[1  
:5 he w5t =? on 8 hunt1 8 fa!r gave him 
! usual injunctions1 say+3 ,hunt 9 any  
direction f ! lodge t y w2 b g n to !   
s\?4 ,he dep>t$ z if he 7 go+ to ! ea/2 
b :5 he got out ( sight f ! hogn he     
turn$ r\nd to ! s\? & pursu$ 8 way 9 t  
direction4 ,he w5t on until he came to !
 ,san ,juan ,riv]1 & he =d$ x at a place
 a little above ,beautiful ,"u !        
,cottonwoods1 :]e !y _h cross$ x be=e4  

,he w5t on to a place call$ ,tyl-saka   
7,erect ,cat-,tail ,ru%es7 & !nce to a  
place call$ ,dsisk 7,clay ,hill74 ,"h he
 laid 8 de] sk9 mask & 8 weapons on !   
gr\nd & climb$ ! hill to obs]ve !       
surr\nd+ c\ntry = game4 ,b in/ead (     
look+ s\? 9 ! direction 9 :i* he 0 go+  
he look$ to ! nor?1 ! c\ntry 9 :i* dwelt
 8 p4 ,be=e him 7 ! beautiful peaks (   
epntsa1 ) _! =e/$ slopes4 ,! cl\ds hung 
ov] ! m\nta91 ! %[]s ( ra9 fell d[n its 
sides1 & all ! c\ntry look$ beautiful4  
,& he said to ! l&1 ,aqal ni6 7greet+71 
& a feel+ ( lonel9ess & homesickness    
came ov] him1 & he wept & sang ?is song3
    ,t fl[+ wat]6 ,t fl[+ wat]6   ,my   
m9d w&]s across x4   ,t broad wat]6 ,t  
fl[+ wat]6   ,my m9d w&]s across x4   ,t
 old age wat]6 ,t fl[+ wat]6   ,my m9d  
w&]s across x4  #bc4 ,! gods he>d 8 song
 & !y 7 ab\t to gratify 8 wi%es4 ,he 0  
de/9$ to return to epntsa1 b n 9 ! mann]
 he mo/ desir$4 ,_h he gaz$ to ! s\? :5 
he asc5d$ ! hill1 in/ead ( to ! nor?1 x 
might h be5 o!rwise4  #bd4 ,he wip$ away

 8 te>s & w5t d[n to ! place :]e he _h  
laid 8 mask & arms at ! foot ( ! hill4  
,he put on 8 bucksk9 coat & 0 j putt+ on
 8 mask1 b _h n q drawn x d[n ov] 8     
head1 :5 he he>d a noise to ! s\? &1    
look+ ar\nd1 he saw a great cr[d on     
horseback rid+ t[>ds him4 ,to see bett] 
he drew (f 8 mask1 & !n obs]v$ t !y 7   
divid+ into two l9es z !y advanc$2 a    
mom5t lat] he 0 surr\nd$4 ,! horsem5 7 (
 ! tribe ( ,ute1 a p ^: language he did 
n und]/&4 ,"o "y man rode up close to ! 
,navajo1 aim$ an arr[ at ! brea/ ( !    
latt] & drew x to ! head2 b j z he 0    
ab\t to release x an old man began to   
address ! p>ty 9 a l\d voice & ! "y     
w>rior l[]$ 8 arr[ & relax$ 8 b[4 ,!n ! 
speak] dism\nt$1 approa*$ ! captive1 &  
seiz$ him by ! arm4 ,= a long "t !re 0  
mu* l\d talk+ & discussion among ! ,ute4
 ,n[ "o w\ld h>angue ! p>ty & !n ano!r  
w\ld make a spee*1 b aft] a :ile !      
dispute ceas$ & ! old man motion$ to !  
,navajo to move on4 ,!y made him trot   
:ile !y foll[$ him on horseback 9 a     

semicircle1 s t !y c\ld gu>d him & wat* 
8 movem5ts4 ,soon !y came to ,tyl-saka2 
%ortly aft]w>d !y cross$ ! ,san ,juan4  
,t night !y camp$ ne> epntsa1 :]e !y    
wat*$ him closely all night & gave him  
no?+ to eat4 ,!y b\nd 8 feet firmly     
toge!r1 ti$ 8 h&s beh9d 8 back1 & ?rew  
an untann$ bucksk9 ov] him be=e !y lay  
d[n to sleep4  #be4 ,!y set out on _!   
j\rney aga9 e>ly 9 ! morn+4 ,at 9eski   
7,scatt]$ ,spr+s7 !y /opp$ = a little   
:ile to eat1 b ! only food !y gave !    
,navajo 0 ! full ( 8 palm ( s]vice      
b]ries4 ,:5 !y arriv$ on ! s\? side (   
tsosi 7,n>r[ ,wat]7 !y halt$ = ! night &
 a numb] w5t out to hunt4 ,among !m !y  
secur$ two de]1 "o l>ge & "o small2 !   
feet ( ^! !y gave to _! captive = 8     
supp]4 ,next morn+ !y gave him a piece (
 liv]1 half ( :i* he ate & ! re/ he     
kept4 ,!y mov$ on rapidly & re/$ = !    
night at ,dsil nahoy l1 :]e !re 0 a     
spr+4 ,!y _h giv5 him no?+ to eat all t 
day1 & at night !y gave him no?+2 s x 0 
well = him t he _h secret$ "p ( ! liv]4 

,?is he ate aft] d>k4 ,on ! ?ird morn+  
he _h to set out fa/+ & _h to g on foot 
z usual4 ,ab\t noon1 h[ev]1 "o ( ! ,ute 
took pity on him & l5t him a horse to   
ride1 :ile ! own] ( ! horse walk$ all ! 
aft]noon4 ,t night !y arriv$ at ! bank (
 a l>ge riv]1 & "h !y gave him to       
und]/&1 by signs1 t ?is 0 ! la/ riv] !y 
w\ld cross until !y got home4 ,beyond ! 
riv] !re 0 no?+ 9 sight b a great pla94 
#bf4 ,by ! light ( ! morn+1 h[ev]1 on ! 
next day1 he disc]n$ "s m\nta9s %[+ _!  
po9ts fa9tly above ! nor!rn horizon4 ,to
 ^! ! ,ute po9t$ & motion$ to him to g  
ahead4 ,!y did n foll[ him imm$iately2 b
 saddl$ up at _! leisure :ile ! ,navajo 
w5t on4 ,?\gh he 0 n[ = "s "t alone on !
 trail & out ( sight ( 8 captors1 he    
knew t he c\ld n escape2 all ar\nd &    
be=e him 0 a des]t pla9 :]e he c\ld n   
discov] a s+le hid+ place2 s he trudg$  
on1 tir$ & hungry & sorr[+1 & he wept   
all along ! way4 ,at noon !y gave him   
ano!r h&ful ( b]ries4  #bg4 ,at night !y
 came to a pla9 situat$ betwe5 f\r      

m\nta9s1 "o on ! ea/1 "o on ! s\?1 "o on
 ! we/1 & "o on ! nor?1 & "h !re 0 a    
great encampm5t ( ,ute1 ^: t5ts 7       
scatt]$ ar\nd 9 diff]5t places on !     
pla94 ,!re 0 "o t5t ^: top 0 pa9t$ black
 & ^: base 0 pa9t$ :ite & :i* _h a =k$  
pole set 9 ! gr\nd 9 front ( x4 ,to ?is 
8 ma/]1 ! old man :o _h sav$ 8 life &   
tak5 him by ! arm on ! occasion ( 8     
capture1 l$ him1 :ile ! re/ ( ! w> p>ty 
dep>t$ to _! respective t5ts4 ,! old man
 hung 8 own arms & acc\t]m5ts on ! pole1
 & ! slave1 foll[+ 8 example1 hung 8 de]
 sk9 mask & robe on ! =ks & laid 8      
crut*es aga9/ ! pole1 & he pray$ to !   
head ( ! de]1 say+3    ,:5ev] ,i h      
appeal$ to y1 y h help$ me1 my pet4     
,once y 7 alive1 my pet4   ,take c>e t  
,i d n die1 my pet4   ,wat* ov] me4  ,:5
 he _h f9i%$ 8 pray] an old man came &  
danc$ ar\nd him1 & :5 ! latt] _h done an
 old woman approa*$ ) a :i/le 9 h] h& & 
%e :i/l$ all ar\nd him4 ,?is 0 = joy    
because !y _h captur$ "o ( an ali5      
tribe4 ,!n 8 ma/] motion$ to him to g   

into ! t5t4 ,"h he 0 giv5 a l>ge b[l (  
b]ries ( :i* he ate 8 fill1 & he 0 all[$
 to lie d[n & sleep undi/urb$ until     
morn+4  #bh4 ,next morn+ ! ,ute began to
 ent] ! t5t4 ,!y came "o by "o & 9 small
 gr\ps until aft] a :ile !re 0 a        
consid]able cr[d pres5t4 ,!n !y gave !  
,navajo to und]/& by signs t !y wi%$ to 
"k = :at purpose he wore ! mask & !     
bucksk94 ,he answ]$ t he us$ !m = no    
p>ticul> purpose1 b only = a :im4 ,!y   
repeat$ ! "q ?ree times v po9t$ly &     
se>*+ly1 b he cont9u$ to make evasive   
replies4 ,! f\r? "t !y address$ him !y  
*>g$ him to tell ! tru? & speak quickly1
 rem9d+ him t he 0 a prison] ^: life 0 9
 ! h&s ( 8 captors & tell+ him t if he  
did n disclose ! use ( 8 mask & robe he 
w\ld be kill$ be=e sunset1 :ile if he   
reveal$ ! secret 8 life w\ld be sp>$4   
,he pond]$ b a %ort "t ov] _! words &   
det]m9$ to tell !m ! tru?4 ,s he expla9$
 to !m ! use ( ! mask & ! robe 9 deceiv+
 ! de] & told ! wond]ful p[] he _h (    
gett+ game by %oot+ into c]ta9 bu%es4   

,at d>k !y s5t 9 two "y m5 to be        
initiat$ into 8 my/]ies4 ,he began by   
giv+ !m a full acc\nt ( all 8 fa!r _h   
done & all he _h %[n him2 he !n taught  
!m h[ to build ! sweat-h\se1 h[ to make 
! mask1 h[ to %oot ! pluck1 & h[ to walk
 l a de]1 & he made !m practice ! walk &
 ! motions ( ! animal4 ,all ?is occupi$ 
elev5 days4  #bi4 ,on ! twelf? day !    
,ute w5t out to hunt1 leav+ few m5 9    
camp4 ,!re 0 a small inclosure (        
bru%wood close to ! t5t2 9 x 7 two high 
poles on :i* sk9s 7 dress$4 ,8 ma/] left
 him1 t day1 two sk9s to prep>e1 & he   
set to "w at !m & labor$ h>d scrap+ &   
rubb+ !m until ab\t noon1 :5 he felt    
hungry & w5t into ! t5t to see if he    
c\ld f9d any?+ to eat4 ,he op5$ a bag & 
f\nd x to conta9 dri$ meat2 he put "s ( 
?is on ! coals & sat d[n to wait till x 
0 done4 ,z he wat*$ ! meat cook+ he he>d
 a noise at ! de] sk9 door ( ! t5t &1   
look+ up1 he beheld an old woman crawl+ 
9 on h] h&s & knees4 ,%e pass$ once     
ar\nd ! fire & w5t out at ! door aga91 b

 be=e %e disappe>$ %e turn$ h] head &   
address$ him1 say+3 ,my gr&*ild1 d      
some?+ = y\rself4 ,he paus$ a mom5t 9   
wond] at ! /range vision he _h se5 & !  
/range words he _h he>d1 & !n he ru%$   
out ( ! t5t to foll[ 8 visitor & see :o 
%e might be4 ,he w5t ar\nd ! t5t f\r    
times2 he gaz$ 9 e direction2 b no "o 0 
to be se54 ,dur+ ! re/ ( ! day he work$ 
b little4 ,occasionally he took up a    
/one & rubb$ ! hides2 b mo/ ( ! "t he   
walk$ & loit]$ ar\nd1 busy ) 8 ?\ghts4  
#cj4 ,aft] sunrise ! hunt]s return$ ) an
 abundance ( meat4 ,!y came to ! great  
lodge :]e ! ma/] ( ! ,navajo dwelt2 !y  
ext5d$ its circumf]5ce by remov+ ! pegs 
at ! bottom2 !y /or$ ! goods ( ! own]   
away at ! out] edge1 s z to leave a cle>
 space 9 ! c5t]1 & made ev]y?+ ready = !
 reception ( a l>ge numb] ( gue/s4 ,aft]
 d>k a great numb] ga!r$ 9 ! t5t & !    
captive 0 ord]$ by 8 ma/] to br+ "s     
wat]4 ,he took two wick] bottles to a   
neighbor+ spr+1 fill$ !m1 & laid !m on !
 gr\nd beside ! spr+1 :ile he w5t to    

ga!r "s plants to /ick into ! m\?s ( !  
bottles z /opples4 ,z he w5t he he>d a  
voice say+ ,hi/6 & look+ 9 ! direction  
:5ce x came he saw a =m sitt+ 9 ! wat]2 
x wore a mask l ! head ( a great owl & x
 0 smok+ a pipe4 ,:5 he turn$ t[>ds x1 x
 said1 ,y walk ar\nd l "o )\t s5se or k4
 ,:y don't y d some?+ = y\rself8 ,:5    
next y he> my voice x w be well = y if y
 walk t[>ds x4  #ca4 ,! voice ceas$ & ! 
=m ( ! owl-man vani%$4 ,!n ! ,navajo put
 ! /opples into ! vessels & c>ri$ !m    
back4 ,:5 he return$ he obs]v$ t two    
l>ge dogs 7 ti$ to ! door1 "o on ea*    
side1 & t ?ree doors _h be5 add$ to !   
lodge dur+ 8 abs5ce1 s t n[ !re 7 f\r   
doors cov]+ ! doorway4 ,:5 he ent]$ he  
f\nd ! lodge fill$ ) ,ute & he saw f\r  
bags ( tobacco & f\r pipes ly+ ne> !    
fire1 "o at ea* c>d9al po9t ( ! compass4
 ,he obs]v$ a v old man & a v old woman 
seat$ at ! door1 "o on ea* side4 ,a cord
 ti$ to ! old woman pass$ r\nd ! edge ( 
! lodge on "o side1 beh9d ! spectators1 
to ! we/1 & ano!r cord1 ti$ to ! man1   

pass$ r\nd on ! opposite side ( ! lodge4
 ,8 ma/] bade him sit d[n 9 ! we/1 & :5 
he 0 seat$ "o ( ! cords 0 ti$ to 8 wri/s
 & "o to 8 ankles1 & ?us he 0 secur$ to 
! old pair4    ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ej4
   ,qa/cli1 f a dry pa9t+ ( ! kldji-qa  
l4  #cb4 ,n[ he fe>$ m ?an ev] = 8      
safety2 he felt sure t 8 captors        
contemplat$ 8 dea? by torture4 ,! pipes 
7 lit & ! c\ncil began4 ,! talk+ 9 !    
/range tongue t he c\ld n und]/& _h la/$
 long into ! night1 :5 he fanci$ t he   
he>d ! voice ( ! ,ybitcai 7,angliciz$1  
,y y-bi-*y or ,gay-bi *y7 above ! d9 (  
human voices1 say+ huhuhuhu 9 ! f>      
di/ance4 ,he /ra9$ 8 att5tion & li/5$   
well1 & aft] a :ile he felt c]ta9 t he  
he>d ! voice aga9 ne>] & l\d]4 ,x 0 n   
long until ! cry 0 repeat$ = ! ?ird "t1 
& soon aft] ! captive he>d x once m1    
l\dly & di/9ctly1 imm$iately to ! we/ ( 
! lodge4 ,!n !re 0 a s\nd z ( foot/eps  
at ! door1 & ! :ite lightn+ ent]$ ?r\gh 
! smoke-hole & circl$ ar\nd ! lodge1    
hang+ ov] ! heads ( ! c\ncil4 ,b ! ,ute 

he>d n ! voice :i* ! ,navajo he>d & saw 
n ! vision he beheld4 ,soon ! ,y ybi*y  
7,qa/cli7 ent]$ ! lodge & /&+ on ! :ite 
lightn+1 said3 ,:at is ! matt] ) y1 my  
gr&*ild8 ,y take no ?\ght ab\t any?+4   
,some?+ y mu/ d = y\rself1 or else1 9 ! 
morn+ y w be :ipp$ to dea?--t is :at !  
c\ncil has decid$4 ,pull out f\r pegs f 
! bottom ( ! t5t1 pu% x op5 !re1 & !n y 
c %ove ?+s ?r\gh4 ,! ,navajo answ]$1 ,h[
 %all ,i d x6 ,see ! way ,i am ti$6 ,i  
am poor6 ,see h[ ,i am w\nd up6 ,b      
,qa/cli aga9 said3 ,:5 y leave1 take ) y
 ^? bags fill$ ) embroid]ies & take ) y 
tobacco f ! p\*es ne> ! fire4 ,sc>cely  
_h ,qa/cli disappe>$ :5 ! ,navajo he>d a
 voice ov]head1 & a bird nam$ qoci flew 
d[n ?r\gh ! smoke-hole1 hov]$ f\r times 
ar\nd ! lodge ov] ! heads ( ! ,ute1 &   
dep>t$ by ! way x _h ent]$4 ,9 a mom5t  
aft] x _h disappe>$ a few ( ! ,ute began
 to nod & close _! eyes2 soon ! o!rs %[$
 signs ( dr[s9ess2 "s /ret*$ !mselves   
out on ! gr\nd ov]p[]$ ) sleep2 o!rs    
rose & dep>t$ f "t to "t1 s+ly & 9      

little gr\ps1 to seek _! lodges & repose
 !re4 ,! la/ to drop asleep 7 ! old man 
& ! old woman :o sat at ! door2 b at    
l5g? _! *9s fell ^u _! bosoms4 ,!n !    
,navajo1 fe>+ no wat*]s1 w5t to "w &    
loos5$ ! cords t b\nd him2 he lift$1 f !
 inside1 "s ( ! pegs :i* held ! edge ( !
 t5t1 & %ov$ out ! two bags (           
embroid]ies :i* ,qa/cli _h told him to  
take4 ,pass+ out ?r\gh ! door ( ! lodge1
 :]e he f\nd bo? ! wat*-dogs s\nd       
asleep1 & tak+ ) him ! cords ) :i* he _h
 be5 ti$ & "s ( ! tobacco1 he w5t r\nd  
to ! back ( ! lodge1 :]e he _h put !    
bags2 ^! he ti$ ) ! cords 9 su* a mann] 
t !y w\ld make an easily balanc$ d\ble  
bundle4 ,he %\ld]$ 8 bundle & 0 all     
ready to />t4  #cc4 ,at ?is mom5t he    
he>d1 at a little di/ance to ! s\? ( :]e
 he /ood1 ! hoot ( an owl4 ,in/antly    
recollect+ ! words ( ! owl-l =m :i* he  
_h enc\nt]$ at ! spr+ at nightfall1 he  
set (f 9 ! direction f :i* ! call       
proce$$4 ,he _h n walk$ f> until he came
 to a precipit\s bluff =m$ by two bran*+

 caons1 & x seem$ at fir/ impossible =  
him to proce$ f>!r4 ,soon1 h[ev]1 he    
notic$ a tall spruce tree1 :i* grew     
beside ! precipice f ! foot to ! summit1
 = ! day _h n[ begun to dawn & he c\ld  
see objects m cle>ly4 ,at ?is juncture  
,qa/cli aga9 appe>$ to him & said3 ,h[  
is x1 my gr&*ild1 t y are /ill "h8 ,get 
on ! top ( t spruce tree & g d[n into ! 
caon on x4 ,! ,navajo /ret*$ out 8 h& to
 seize ! top ( ! tree1 b x sway$ away f 
8 grasp4 ,see1 my gr&fa!r1 he said to   
,qa/cli1 x moves away f me2 ,i _c rea*  
x4 ,!n ,qa/cli flung ! :ite lightn+     
ar\nd ! top ( ! tree1 z an ,indian fl+s 
8 lasso ar\nd ! neck ( a horse1 & drew x
 9 to ! edge ( ! cliff4 ,desc5d1 he     
comm&$ ! ,indian1 & :5 y rea* ! bottom  
take f\r sprays f ! tree1 ea* f a       
diff]5t "p4 ,y may ne$ !m 9 ! future4 ,s
 ! ,navajo w5t d[n1 took ! f\r sprays z 
he 0 bidd5 & put !m "u 8 robe4  #cd4 ,at
 ! base ( ! bluff he aga9 met ,qa/cli1 &
 at ?is mom5t he he>d a noise1 z ( a    
great & di/ant tumult1 :i* seem$ to come

 f above & f beyond ! edge ( ! cliff    
:5ce !y _h desc5d$4 ,f mom5t to mom5t x 
grew l\d] & came ne>]1 & soon ! s\nds ( 
angry voices c\ld be di/+ui%$4 ,! ,ute  
_h discov]$ ! flight ( _! captive & 7 9 
hot pursuit4 ,y\r enemies are com+ = y1 
said ! div9e "o2 b yond] small holes on 
! opposite side ( ! caon are ! doors (  
my dwell+1 :]e y may hide4 ,! bottom ( !
 caon is /rewn ) l>ge rocks & fall5     
trees2 x w\ld take y mu* "t & h>d labor 
to get ov] ^! if ,i did n help y2 b ,i w
 d some?+ to make y\r way easy4--,z he  
said ?is he blew a /rong brea?1 &       
in/antly a great :ite ra9b[ spann$ !    
caon4 ,! ,navajo tri$ to /ep on ?is 9   
ord] to cross1 b x 0 s s(t t 8 feet w5t 
?r\gh2 he c\ld n /ep on x4 ,qa/cli /ood 
beside him & laugh$ at 8 fruitless      
attempts to get on ! ra9b[4 ,aft] he _h 
enjoy$ ?is sport suffici5tly ! ye       
7,angliciz$1 gay or yay7 blew ano!r     
/rong brea?1 :5 at once ! ra9b[ became z
 h>d z ice & !y bo? cross$ x ) ease4 ,:5
 !y rea*$ ! opposite wall ( ! caon      

,qa/cli po9t$ to a v small hole 9 !     
cliff & said1 ,?is is ! door ( my lodge2
 ent]6 ,by ?is "t ! %\ts ( ! ,ute s\nd$ 
v l\d 9 ! e>s ( ! t]rifi$ fugitive & x  
seem$ to him t 8 pursu]s mu/ h rea*$ !  
edge ( ! opposite cliff1 :]e !y w\ld n  
be long be=e !y w\ld see him2 /ill1 h>d 
z he tri$ to ent] ! cave1 he c\ld n     
succe$2 ! hole 0 n big en\gh = him to   
put 8 head 94 ,! ,y ybi*y ro>$ ) laught]
 & slapp$ 8 h&s toge!r z he witness$ !  
abject fe> & ! fruitless ef=ts ( !      
,navajo4 ,:5 he _h laugh$ en\gh he blew 
on ! little hole & x spread in/antly    
into a l>ge orifice1 ?r\gh :i* !y bo?   
ent]$ ) ease4 ,!y pass$ ?r\gh ?ree rooms
 & /opp$ 9 ! f\r?4 ,"h ,qa/cli took !   
bags f ! back ( ! ,navajo1 op5$ !m1 &   
drew f !m "s beautifully g>ni%$ clo?+--a
 pair ( moccas9s1 a pair ( long-fr+$    
legg+s1 & a %irt4 ,he array$ himself 9  
^! & w5t out1 leav+ ! ,navajo 9 ! cave4 
,z soon z 8 rescu] 0 gone ! fugitive    
he>d l\d noises )\t & ! s\nd ( _m angry 
voices1 :i* cont9u$ = a long1 long "t4  

,at la/ !y di$ away & 7 he>d no m4 ,!   
,ute _h track$ him to ! edge ( ! cliff  
:]e he got on ! tree2 b !re !y lo/ 8    
trail & se>*$ all ! neighborhood to see 
if !y c\ld rega9 x2 h5ce ! noises4 ,:5  
all 0 sil5t ,qa/cli return$ & said1 ,y\r
 enemies h dep>t$2 y c leave 9 safety4  
,s1 tak+ a tann$ elk sk9 to cov] 8 back 
& a pair ( new moccas9s to protect 8    
feet1 ! ,navajo set out f ! cave4  #ce4 
,x 0 nightfall :5 he em]g$4 ,he turn$ 8 
face 9 ! direction ( 8 home & walk$     
rapidly all ! night4 ,z day dawn$ he    
began to feel hopeful2 b1 ere ! sun     
rose1 di/ant s\nds1 :i* grew l\d] &     
l\d]1 rea*$ 8 e>4 ,he knew !m to be !   
voices ( 8 pursu]s & aga9 he became     
sorely afraid4 ,he hurri$ on & came ne> 
! foot ( a high isolat$ p9nacle ( rock1 
^: top appe>$ to be inaccessible4       
,glanc+ to ! summit1 h[ev]1 he beheld   
/&+ !re a black m\nta9 %eep4 ,?9k+ t ?is
 s+ul> vision 0 s5t to him z a sign f ! 
yays 7gods7 & bod$ well = him1 he came  
to ! base ( ! rock1 :5 ! %eep address$  

him1 say+3 ,my gr&son1 come ar\nd to !  
o!r side ( ! rock & y w f9d a place :]e 
y may asc5d4 ,he w5t ar\nd z he 0 bidd5 
& saw ! cleft 9 ! rock1 b x 0 too n>r[ =
 him to climb 9 x4 ,!n ! %eep blew into 
! cleft & x spread out s wide t he ent]$
 x easily & clamb]$ to ! summit4 ,"h he 
f\nd ! %eep /&+ 9 f\r tracks1 m>k$ or   
sunk5 9 ! rock1 "o ho( 9 ea* track1 & "u
 ! c5t] ( 8 body 0 a small hole 9 !     
rock4 ,into ?is hole ! %eep bade him    
ent]2 b he repli$ t ! hole 0 too small4 
,!n ! %eep blew on ! hole & x spread s  
wide op5 t bo? ! man & ! %eep ent]$     
easily & desc5d$ into ! he>t ( ! rock4  
,"h !re 7 aga9 f\r ap>tm5ts2 two ( !m 7 
blue & two 7 black2 ra9b[s ext5d$ 9 all 
directions ?r\gh !m4 ,9 ! f\r? room1 :i*
 0 black1 ! %eep left ! ,navajo to re/1 
& dep>t$4 ,soon ! fugitive he>d1 z on ! 
previ\s day1 :5 he lay hidd5 9 ! cave ( 
,qa/cli1 ! voices ( ! angry ,ute call+ &
 h>angu+ all ar\nd ! rock1 & he cont9u$ 
to he> !m = a v long "t4 ,soon aft] !   
clamor ceas$ ! %eep return$ to him to   

notify him t 8 enemies _h )drawn & t he 
c\ld set out on 8 j\rney aga9 )\t fe>4  
#cf4 ,he j\rney$ homew>d all ! night1 & 
:5 daylight began to appe> he f\nd      
himself on ! banks ( ! /ream :]e ! ,ute 
slept ! night be=e !y rea*$ _! t5ts1 :5 
!y bore him home a captive4 ,"h aga9 he 
he>d 9 ! di/ance ! voices ( 8 pursu]s & 
he ha/5$ 8 /eps4 ,pres5tly he met a     
little old man sitt+ on ! gr\nd & clean+
 cactus fruit4 ,! old man _h a %>p nose1
 little bright eyes1 & a small m\/a*e   
gr[+ on ea* side ( 8 upp] lip4 ,at once 
! ,navajo recogniz$ him z ! ,bu%rat     
7,neotoma mexicana74 ,! latt] ask$ !    
travel] :]e he came f4 ,oh1 ,i am j     
roam+ ar\nd "h1 0 ! answ]4 ,b ! rat1 n  
satisfi$1 repeat$ 8 "q ?ree times1 9 a  
mann] :i* gave ! ,navajo to und]/& t 8  
answ] 0 n cr$it$4 ,s at la/ he answ]$   
tru?fully t he 0 a ,navajo :o _h be5    
captur$ by ! ,ute1 & t he 0 flee+       
homew>d f 8 captors1 :o 7 at t mom5t    
close beh9d him 9 pursuit4 ,x is well1  
said ! rat1 t y h told me ?is1 = ,i ?9k 

,i c save y4 ,on yond] hillside !re is a
 flat rock1 & r\nd ab\t x are pil$ _m   
little /icks & /ones4 ,x is my home1 &  
,i w guide y ?i!r4 ,he l$ ! ,indian to !
 rock &1 %[+ him a small hole "u x1 bade
 him /oop l[ & place 8 head ne> ! hole4 
,z ! ,navajo obey$ ! rat blew a /rong   
brea? on ! hole1 :i* at once op5$ wide  
en\gh to let ! visitor 94 ,! rat foll[$ 
imm$iately beh9d him z he ent]$4 ,inside
 ( ! d5 !re 7 an old woman1 two "y m51 &
 two "y wom54 ,^! con/itut$ ! family ( !
 ,bu%-rat1 :o left ! d5 z soon z !      
/rang] 0 safely h\s$4 ,soon ! voices ( !
 pursu+ ,ute 7 aga9 he>d ar\nd ! rock & 
at ! m\? ( ! d51 & ! ,navajo sat a long 
"t 9 sil5ce li/5+ to !m4 ,aft] a :ile ! 
rat woman said to him1 ,y seem to be    
tir$ & hungry4 ,w y h some?+ to eat8 &  
he answ]$1 ,yes2 ,i am v hungry & w\ld l
 "s food4 ,on he>+ ?is %e w5t into "o   
corn] ( h] dwell+1 :]e 7 _m *ips & bones
 & %ells ( se$s & sk9s ( fruits1 & %e   
br\ght him "s ( ^! & (f]$ !m to him2 b  
at ?is mom5t ! w9d god :isp]$ into 8 e> 

& w>n$ him n to p>take ( ! refuse2 s he 
said to ! woman2 ,my "m1 ,i c n eat ^!  
?+s4 ,!n %e w5t to ano!r corn] ( ! d51  
:]e !re 0 ano!r pile ( debris2 b aga9 ! 
w9d god prompt$ him & aga9 he refus$4   
,aft] ?is %e visit$ 9 turn two o!r piles
 ( tra% 9 ! corn]s ( h] lodge & tri$ to 
make him accept x z food1 b he /ill     
reject$ x4 ,n[1 :ile he _h be5 sitt+ 9 !
 lodge he _h n fail$ to look ar\nd him1 
& he _h obs]v$ a long r[ ( wick] j>s /&+
 at "o side4 ,at "o end ( ! r[ 0 a black
 vessel & at ! o!r end a :ite vessel4   
,:5 %e at l5g? ask$ him1 ,:at food is x 
t y w\ld h1 my son8 ! w9d god :isp]$ to 
him1 ,ask h] = t :i* is 9 ! j>s at ! end
 ( ! r[1 & he repli$1 ,i w take "s food 
f ! black j> & "s f ! :ite j>4 ,%e      
remov$ ! /opples f ! j>s4 ,f ! black    
vessel %e took nuts ( ! pion & fruit ( !
 yucca & f ! :ite vessel %e took *]ries 
& cactus fruit1 all ( :i* he receiv$ 9 !
 fold$ corn] ( 8 elk robe4 ,he 0 j ab\t 
to p>take ( "s ( ! nice fruit :5 aga9 he
 he>d ! l[ voice ( ! w9d god4 ,?is "t x 

said1 ,eat n ! food ( ! rats 9 ! home ( 
! rats1 if y w\ld n become a rat2 wait  
till y g out to-night4 ,mu*1 z he long$ 
= ! food1 aft] he>+ ?is1 he ta/$ x n1 b 
held x 9 ! fold ( ! elk sk94 ,late 9 !  
day !y 7 all a/oni%$ by he>+ a l\d      
rattl+ noise at ! m\? ( ! cave1 &1 look+
 9 t direction1 saw ! end ( a big /ick1 
:i* 0 ?ru/ vici\sly f "t to "t into !   
op5+ & pok$ ar\nd 9 diff]5t directions2 
b x 0 n long en\gh to rea* to ! place   
:]e !y sat4 ,:at is t8 said ! woman4    
,oh1 answ]$ ! ,navajo1 t is ! ,ute1 :o h
 trail$ me to ?is hole & hope to kill me
 by pok+ t /ick 9 "h4 ,! old rat wat*$ f
 a secret place outside all ! actions ( 
! ,ute1 & :5 he came home at night he   
ask$ 8 family if ! /ick _h hurt any (   
!m4 ,we saw only ! end ( x1 !y repli$4  
,he !n turn$ to ! ,navajo & said1 ,y\r  
pursu]s h disappe>$2 y may g out )\t    
fe>4  #cg4 ,he trudg$ we>ily on all     
night1 & at dawn he 0 beside ! high     
volcanic rocks at tsosi1 ano!r place :]e
 8 captors _h halt$ ) him4 ,!re is "o   

place :]e ! rocky wall is q smoo?4 ,z he
 0 pass+ ?is place he he>d a voice say+1
 ,%6 ,he look$ all ar\nd him1 b saw no?+
 t c\ld h made ! s\nd4 ,he 0 ab\t to    
pass on :5 he aga9 he>d ! voice1 &1     
look+ ar\nd1 he aga9 saw no "o4 ,! f\r? 
"t t ?is happ5$1 h[ev]1 he obs]v$ 9 !   
smoo? "p ( ! rock a door /&+ op5 & a    
little animal call$ ,kleyatc9i look+ out
 at him4 ,z he /ood gaz+ at ! %>p nose &
 ! bright eyes ! di/ant voices ( 8      
pursu]s s\nd$ aga9 9 8 e>s & ! little   
animal bade him ent] & hide himself4 ,z 
! ,navajo ent]$ ! ,kleyatc9i pass$ out &
 clos$ ! door beh9d him4 ,! fugitive 0 n
 long 9 8 place ( concealm5t :5 ! clamor
 made by ! foil$ pursu]s 0 aga9 he>d1 b 
x ceas$ soon] ?an usual4 ,x 0 n yet     
sunset :5 ! little animal return$ to    
ann\nce t ! ,ute _h gone f !            
neighborhood4 ,:5 ! ,navajo /epp$ out ( 
! hole 9 ! rock1 ,kleyatc9i po9t$ out to
 him ! m\nta9s 9 :i* 8 home lay &       
c\nsel$ him to travel directly t[>ds !m4
  #ch4 ,he pursu$ 8 way 9 ! direction   

indicat$ to him all night1 & at break ( 
day he f\nd himself walk+ betwe5 a pair 
( l[ hills ( clay :i* /ood close toge!r1
 & once m he he>d beh9d him ! voices ( 8
 enemies & ! trampl+ ( _! horses4 ,b n[ 
8 good fri5d ,qa/cli appe>$ to him &    
said to him3 ,my gr&*ild1 are y /ill "h8
 ,h y come only ?us f>8 ,i am "h1 cri$ !
 ,navajo1 & oh1 my gr&fa!r1 ,i c\ld d no
 bett]4 ,look at my limbs6 ,see h[ sore 
& swoll5 !y are6 ,i am exhau/$ & feel t 
,i _c flee mu* f>!r be=e my enemies4 ,g1
 !n1 said ,qa/cli1 to t hill :i* is !   
f>!r f u & climb to ! top ( x2 b1 :5 y  
are tak+ ! v la/ /ep :i* w place y on ! 
summit1 %ut y\r eyes z y make t /ep4 ,! 
,navajo ha/5$ to ! hill1 &1 we>y z he 01
 he soon asc5d$ x4 ,z he lift$ 8 foot to
 take ! la/ /ep he clos$ 8 eyes1 z ! yay
 _h bidd5 him4 ,:5 he felt 8 foot aga9  
on ! e>? he op5$ 8 eyes1 & lo6 in/ead ( 
hav+ a little hill "u 8 feet1 he /ood on
 ! summit ( a great m\nta9 peak1 seam$ )
 deep caons1 bord]$ ) rugg$ rocks1 &    
clo!d ) great =e/s ( p9e & spruce2 :ile 

f> away on ! pla9 at ! foot ( !         
m\nta9--s f> t he c\ld sc>cely disc]n   
!m--7 8 baffl$ pursu]s1 & beside him    
/ood ,qa/cli4 ,! latt] po9t$ out to him 
_m famili> places 9 ! di/ance--! valley 
( ! ,san ,juan1 & ,dsilyi-qojni         
7,beautiful 9 ! ,m\nta9s71 :]e he & 8 p 
fir/ liv$4 ,he re/$ securely on ! m\nta9
 top all day4  #ci4 ,at sunset he w5t on
 8 way aga94 ,:5 daylight began to appe>
 he cross$ ! ,san ,juan4 ,soon aft]1    
:ile j\rney+ on ov] an op5 pla91 he once
 m he>d ! ,ute on 8 trail4 ,he n[ felt v
 sad & hopeless1 = 8 limbs 7 s /iff &   
swoll5 t e motion gave him pa9 & he c\ld
 h>dly drag himself along4 ,b at ?is    
mom5t he became consci\s t he 0 n alone1
 & glanc+ to "o side he saw ,niltci1 !  
w9d god1 walk+ ) him4 ,& ,niltci br\ght 
a great d>k :irlw9d1 :i* ro>$ a mom5t   
beside !m & !n buri$ its po9t 9 ! gr\nd 
& dug a deep hole !re2 x dug a cav]n )  
f\r *amb]s4 ,!n d>k cl\ds ga!r$ & ra9   
began to fall4 ,h y any?+ ) y t may help
 y8 ask$ ! god4 ,i h no?+1 said !       

,navajo1 b f\r sprays ( spruce1 :i* ! ,y
 ybi*y bade me pluck f ! tree on :i* ,i 
desc5d$ into ! caon ! night ,i left !   
,ute camp4 ,!y w d1 said ! w9d god4     
,make quickly f\r balls ( mud & ?ru/    
?r\gh ea* ball a twig ( ! spruce1 & lay 
!m on ! gr\nd s t ! tops ( ! twigs w    
po9t t[>ds y\r enemies4 ,! ,navajo did z
 he 0 comm&$4 ,!n ,niltci blew ! twigs &
 mud balls 9 ! direction ( ! pursu]s &  
told ! ,navajo to desc5d into ! retreat 
:i* ! :irlw9d _h =m$4 ,he w5t d[n & re/$
 secure1 :ile he he>d ov]head great     
peals ( ?und]1 ! l\d ru%+ ( ! tempe/1 & 
! heavy patt]+ ( enorm\s hail/ones1 to  
br+ :i* ! mud balls _h be5 made4 ,!     
noises ( ! /orm di$ away1 & ab\t midday 
,niltci came into ! cave & said to !    
man3 ,come =?2 y\r enemies h be5        
disp]s$4 ,_m h be5 kill$ by ! hail1 & ! 
re/ h gone t[>ds _! homes4 ,!n ! ,navajo
 came up out ( ! gr\nd & set out 9 !    
direction ( 8 old home at ,dsilyi-qojni4
  #dj4 ,x 0 ab\t sunset :5 he rea*$ !   
top ( ! m\nta94 ,! sn[ began to fall    

heavily & a /rong w9d began to bl[4 ,he 
walk$ on to ! we/]n br[ ( ! m\nta91 :]e 
!re 0 a great precipice4 ,"h ! /orm blew
 ) su* viol5ce t he c\ld sc>cely /&1 &  
yet ! precipice 0 s /eep t he did n see 
h[ he c\ld get d[n4 ,b soon1 z on a =m] 
occasion ( ?is k9d1 he discov]$ a spruce
 tree :i* grew aga9/ ! side ( !         
precipice1 & at ! same "t ,qa/cli appe>$
 to him aga9 & direct$ him to g d[n on !
 spruce tree4 ,he did s1 & :5 he rea*$ !
 bottom he f\nd ! yay !re await+ him4   
,he address$ ,qa/cli3 ,oh1 my gr&fa!r1  
,i am tir$ & sore & sleepy4 ,i w\ld l to
 lie d[n "u ?is tree & sleep4 ,b ! god  
answ]$1 ,g1 my gr&*ild1 to yond] fire & 
re/1 & he po9t$ to a di/ant gleam on !  
side ( a m\nta9 :i* lay beyond a v deep 
valley4 ,no1 my gr&fa!r1 cri$ ! ,navajo1
 ,i am we>y & my limbs are sore & weak2 
,i c n travel s f>4 ,i w help y1 said ! 
yay1 & z he spoke he spann$ ! valley ) a
 fla% ( lightn+1 ov] :i* he l$ ! man to 
! di/ant m\nta94 ,!y rea*$ x at a po9t  
close to ! fire2 b ! mom5t !y /ood aga9 

on ! firm e>? ,qa/cli & ! fire vani%$4  
,! man 0 bewild]$ & at a loss :at to d4 
,he walk$ ar\nd ! m\nta9 a %ort di/ance 
& !n *ang$ 8 m9d & walk$ back to ! place
 f :i* he />t$4 ,"h he f\nd ,qa/cli     
await+ him4 ,! yay spoke n a ^w1 b po9t$
 d[n into ! valley & l$ ! way ?i!r4 ,at 
! bottom ( ! valley !y came to a great  
hole 9 ! gr\nd2 ! yay po9t$ 9 & aga9 l$ 
! way4 ,z !y advanc$ into ! cave ! air  
grew w>m]4 ,9 a little :ile !y discov]$ 
a bright fire on :i* !re 0 no wood4 ,f\r
 pebbles lay on ! gr\nd toge!r3 a black 
pebble 9 ! ea/1 a blue "o 9 ! s\?1 a    
yell[ "o 9 ! we/1 & a :ite "o 9 ! nor?2 
f ^! ! flames issu$ =?4 ,ar\nd ! fire   
lay f\r be>s1 color$ & plac$ to         
correspond ) ! pebbles4 ,:5 ! /rang]s   
approa*$ ! fire ! be>s ask$ !m =        
tobacco1 & :5 ! =m] repli$ t !y _h none 
! be>s became angry & ?rice m dem&$ x4  
,:5 ! ,navajo fl$ f ! ,ute camp he _h   
help$ himself f "o ( ! f\r bags :i* !   
c\ncil 0 us+ & _h tak5 a pipe1 & ^! he  
_h ti$ up 9 8 sk9 robe2 s :5 ! f\r? dem&

 0 made he fill$ ! pipe & light$ x at ! 
fire4 ,he h&$ ! pipe to ! black be>1 :o1
 tak+ b "o :iff1 pass$ x to ! blue be> &
 imm$iately fell s5seless4 ,! blue be>  
took two :iffs & pass$ ! pipe1 :5 he too
 fell ov] 9 a /ate ( unconsci\sness4 ,! 
yell[ be> succumb$ aft] ! ?ird :iff1 & !
 :ite be>1 9 ! nor?1 aft] ! f\r? :iff4  
,n[ ! ,navajo knock$ ! a%es & tobacco   
out ( 8 pipe & rubb$ ! latt] on ! feet1 
legs1 abdom51 *e/1 %\ld]s1 =ehead1 & m\?
 ( ea* ( ! be>s 9 turn1 & !y 7 at once  
resuscitat$4 ,he replac$ ! pipe 9 !     
corn] ( 8 robe4 ,:5 ! be>s recov]$ !y   
assign$ to ! ,navajo a place on ! ea/   
side ( ! fire :]e he might lie all      
night1 & !y br\ght out _! /ores ( corn  
meal & tciltc9 & o!r b]ries & (f]$ !m to
 him to eat2 b ,qa/cli w>n$ him n to t\*
 ! food & aga9 disappe>$4 ,s1 hungry z  
he 01 ! ,indian lay d[n supp]less to    
sleep4 ,:5 he woke 9 ! morn+ ! be>s aga9
 (f]$ food1 :i* he aga9 decl9$1 say+ he 
0 n hungry4 ,!n !y %[$ him h[ to make ! 
be> ke? wns1 or /icks to be sacrific$ to

 ! be> gods1 & !y drew f "o corn] ( !   
cave a great %eet ( cl\d1 :i* !y        
unroll$1 & on x 7 pa9t$ ! =ms ( ! yays (
 ! cultivat$ plants4 ,z he dep>t$ ! be>s
 said1 ,!re are o!rs 9 ^! p>ts :o h     
secrets to tell y4 ,yond] is ,ts5/ci1   
:]e _m dwell4 ,s he set =? = ,ts5/ci    
7,circle ( ,r$ ,/ones47  #da4 ,z he     
pass$ d[n ! valley he he>d a l\d ru%+   
noise be h9d him1 & look+ ar\nd he      
beheld a tornado4 ,! air 0 fill$ ) logs 
& uproot$ trees1 borne along by ! great 
/orm4 ,x came ne>] & seem$ to be advanc+
 to de/roy him4 ,he 0 t]rifi$ & cri$ out
 to ! /orm3 ,ciyce1 ,dsilyi ,neyni4     
,quali8 7',tis ,i1 ,re>$ ,)9 ! ,m\nta9s4
 ,:o art ?\87 ,! tempe/ recogniz$ him & 
subsid$1 & 9 its place appe>$ f\r m5 9 !
 %ape ( ! gl or weasel4 ,! f\r weasel m5
 %[$ him h[ to make ! gl-bikean1 or     
sacrificial /icks ( ! gl4 ,:at "n !     
,navajo bore be=e ?is "t ! anci5t tale  
does n tell u2 b f ! mom5t he said ^!   
words he 0 call$ among ! gods ,dsilyi   
,neyni1 & 0 aft]w>ds kn[n by ?is "n     

among 8 p4  #db4 ,aft] ?is adv5ture he  
cont9u$ on 8 way to ,ts5/ci4 ,he _h n   
j\rney$ f> :5 he met ! w9d god1 :o said 
to him3 ,^? :om y w meet at ,ts5/ci are 
evil ones2 !re=e ,i w be ) y & w walk   
be=e y4 ,:5 !y came to ,ts5/ci !y f\nd a
 hole 9 ! rocks gu>d$ by two great      
rattlesnakes1 "o on ea* side1 & cov]$ by
 two pion trees1 = a door4 ,:5 !        
travel]s drew ne>1 ! s]p5ts %[$ signs ( 
great ang]1 & :5 ! =m] approa*$ ! door !
 reptiles %ook _! rattles viol5tly1 ?ru/
 out _! tongues1 & /ruck at ! intrud]s z
 ?\gh !y w\ld bite !m2 b !y did n bite4 
,niltci ?ru/ aside ! pion trees2 he & 8 
companions ent]$1 &1 :5 !y _h pass$ )91 
! pion trees1 mov+ ( _! own accord1     
clos$ ! entrance beh9d !m4 ,)9 !y       
enc\nt]$ a bald head$ old man :o _h only
 a little tuft ( hair ov] ea* e>4 ,?is 0
 ,klicts1 ! ,great ,s]p5t4 ,he ask$     
,niltci :o 8 human companion 01 & ! w9d 
god answ]$ t he 0 a ,navajo :o _h be5   
captur$ by ! ,ute1 b _h escap$ f !m & _h
 suff]$ _m h>d%ips4 ,on he>+ ?is ,klicts

 %[$ ! ,indian h[ to make ! ke? wns1 n[ 
kn[n to ! ,navajo %amans z              
klicts-bikean1 or sacrificial /icks ( ! 
,great ,s]p5t1 & he told him h[ to plant
 ^! sacrifices4  #dc4 ,f ! home (       
,klicts !y w5t to a place call$ ,tseb9  
yol 7,w9d ,circles ,ar\nd a ,rock74 ,:5 
!y drew ne> ! place !y he>d l\d peals ( 
?und] & ! lightn+ /ruck close to !m 9   
f\r diff]5t places4 ,!y 7 n[ approa*+ ! 
home ( ! lightn+ gods2 ?is is :y        
de/ruction by ! ?und]bolt seem$ to      
?reat5 !m4 ,!n ! ,navajo spoke to !     
lightn+1 z he _h =m]ly spok5 to !       
:irlw9d1 say+1 ',tis ,i1 ,re>$ ,)9 !    
,m\nta9s4 ,:o art ?\8 :]eat ! ?und] & ! 
lightn+ ceas$1 & ! travel]s walk$ on    
until !y ent]$ a h\se ( black cl\ds1    
inside ( a m\nta91 :i* 0 ! h\se ( ,in1 !
 ,lightn+4 ,he 0 bald1 l ! ,great       
,s]p5t1 hav+ only a little tuft ( hair  
ov] ea* e>4 ,at ea* ( ! f\r sides ( !   
room :]e ,in sat 0 a lightn+ bird2 t 9 !
 ea/ 0 black1 t 9 ! s\? 0 blue1 t 9 !   
we/1 yell[1 & t 9 ! nor?1 :ite4 ,f "t to

 "t ! birds fla%$ lightn+ f _! claws to 
! c5t] ( ! room :]e ! god sat1 & !      
lightn+ 0 ( ! same color z ! bird t     
emitt$ x4 ,:5 ! travel]s ent]$ ,in said 
to ,niltci1 ,:o is ?is t y h br\ght ) y8
 ,! latt] answ]$1 ,x is a ,navajo :o has
 be5 a captive ) ! ,ute & has escap$4   
,he has suff]$ mu*4 ,see h[ 8 knees &   
ankles are swoll54 ,!n ! ,lightn+ %[$   
him two ke? wns1 su* z ! %amans n[      
sacrifice "u ! "n ( ,in-bikean1 or      
sacrificial /icks ( ! lightn+1 &1 hav+  
in/ruct$ him h[ to make & to plant ^!1  
he bade 8 visitors dep>t4  #dd4 ,! next 
place !y rea*$ on _! j\rney 0 ,s        
byitszi 7,n>r[ ,s& ,hills74 ,!y ent]$ ! 
hill & came to ! h\se ( ,kalgi1 !       
,butt]fly1 a dwell+ fill$ ) butt]flies &
 ra9b[s4 ,!y f\nd ,kalgi & 8 wife sitt+ 
!re1 & also ,atss-bebag ni 7,h\se (     
,fea!rs71 :o wore black legg+s4 ,"h     
,niltci disappe>$ & ! woman _h to put h]
 que/ions to ! ,navajo4 ,%e inquir$1 z !
 o!rs _h done1 :o he 01 & he briefly    
told h] 8 /ory4 ,%e arose1 w5t out1 &   

pres5tly return$ ) a l>ge bas9 made ( a 
beautiful :ite %ell2 ?is 0 fill$ ) wat] 
& soap root4 ,%e laid x be=e ! ,navajo1 
say+1 ,y are ab\t to visit "s fair &    
beautiful p1 & x is prop] t y %\ld ba!  
y\r body & wa% y\r hair well4 ,:5 he _h 
f9i%$ 8 ba? he ( ! h\se ( fea!rs took   
f9e corn meal & appli$ x to ! feet1 !   
knees1 ! abdom51 & ! o!r p>ts ( ! body  
:i* are usually t\*$ 9 heal+ c]emonies4 
,!n1 "u ! directions ( ,atss-bebag ni1 !
 ,navajo rubb$ 8 :ole body ) meal to dry
 himself & pa9t$ 8 face :ite ) glee     
7:ite e>?4 ,h\se ( ,fea!rs next br\ght 9
 small bundles ( ! foll[+ plants3       
tcilelgsi 7,guti]rezia eu?ami71 oikal   
7,artemesia trifida71 tsji1 & tlonassi  
7,b\tel\a hirsuta71 burn$ !m to *>coal1 
& direct$ ! ,indian to black5 8 legs &  
=e>ms ) ?is sub/ance4 ,:5 ?is 0 done he 
put spots ( :ite on ! black1 &1 9 %ort1 
pa9t$ him z ! akn9ili1 or c\ri] 7,fig4  
#eb7 s5t out to summon gue/s to ! dance1
 is pa9t$ to ?is day 9 ! c]emonies ( !  
dsilydje qa l4 ,:5 ! pa9t+ 0 done ,kalgi

 ,esya 7,butt]fly ,woman7 took hold ( 8 
hair & pull$ x d[nw>d & /ret*$ x until x
 grew 9 pr(usion d[n to 8 ankles4 ,!n %e
 press$ & work$ 8 body & face all ov]   
until %e mold$ him into a y\? ( ! mo/   
beautiful =m & feature4 ,!y gave him f9e
 :ite moccas9s & a coll> ( beav] sk9 ) a
 :i/le atta*$ to x2 !y put ! k basan1 or
 plum$ /icks to repres5t w+s1 on 8 arms1
 & altoge!r dress$ & adorn$ him z !     
akn9ili is dress$ & adorn$4 ,! woman    
gave him :ite corn meal mix$ ) wat] to  
eat1 & he slept all night 9 ! h\se ( !  
butt]flies4 ,9 ! morn+ ! woman 7or      
goddess1 z we might bett] call h]7 laid 
two /reaks ( :ite lightn+ on ! gr\nd &  
bade him /& on !m ) "o foot on ea*      
/reak4 ,n[1 %e said1 ! :ite lightn+ is  
y\rs2 use x h[ & :5 y w4 ,!n %e told him
 to g to ! top ( ! hill 9 :i* _! h\se   
lay4 ,:5 he asc5d$ he f\nd ano!r h\se on
 ! top1 & 9 x he aga9 met ,kalgi & 8    
wife1 :o await$ him !re4 ,he obs]v$ a   
/reak ( :ite lightn+ t spann$ a broad   
valley1 /ret*+ f ! hill on :i* he /ood  

to a di/ant wood$ m\nta94 ,!re1 said    
,kalgi ,esya1 po9t+ to ! lightn+1 is !  
trail y mu/ foll[4 ,x leads to yond]    
m\nta91 :i* is nam$ ,bi/c gi4  #de4 ,he 
foll[$ ! lightn+ trail & soon arriv$ at 
! h\se ( ,e/s u-igni 7,holy ,woman74 ,! 
h\se 0 inside ( a black m\nta92 b !     
lightn+ end$ n until x w5t q into !     
dwell+2 s he _h only to foll[ x to f9d 8
 way 94 ,! door 0 ( trees4 ,)91 on ! ea/
 wall hung ! sun & on ! we/ wall hung ! 
moon4 ,"h he 0 %[n ! ke? wn :i* is call$
 ,e/s n-ignibike n1 or ! sacrificial    
/ick ( ! holy woman1 & 0 told h[ to make
 x & h[ to bury x4 ,z he 0 ab\t to dep>t
 f ?is place two ( ! w9d gods & !       
butt]fly god appe>$ to him1 & ! :ole    
p>ty ( f\r set out = ,tcckai 7,*usca    
,knoll ( our geograph]s74  #df4 ,at ?is 
place !y ent]$ a h\se :i* 0 inside ( !  
m\nta94 ,x 0 two /ories high2 x _h f\r  
rooms on ! fir/ /ory & f\r on ! second4 
,x _h f\r doorways1 :i* 7 cov]$ ) trees 
= doors2 9 ! ea/ 0 a black spruce tree1 
9 ! s\? a blue spruce tree1 9 ! we/ a   

yell[ spruce tree1 & 9 ! nor? a :ite %9+
 spruce tree4 ,"h dwelt f\r ( !         
,tcik-cac-ntlehi 7,maid5 t ,becomes a   
,be>74 ,_! faces 7 :ite2 _! legs & =e>ms
 7 cov]$ ) %aggy hair2 _! h&s 7 l ^? (  
human be+s2 b _! tee? 7 long & po9t$4 ,!
 fir/ ,tcik-cac-ntlehi1 x is said1 _h   
twelve bro!rs4 ,%e le>n$ ! art ( conv]t+
 h]self into a be> f ! coyote4 ,%e 0 a  
great w>rior & invuln]able4 ,:5 %e w5t  
to w> %e took out & hid h] vital organs1
 s t no "o c\ld kill h]2 :5 ! battle 0  
ov] %e put !m back 9 _! places aga94 ,! 
maid5s %[$ him h[ to make f\r ke? wns & 
told him h[ to bury !m 9 ord] to prop]ly
 sacrifice !m4  #dg4 ,f ,tcckai !y w5t  
to ,n9 -qoezg 7,valley ,surr\nd$ on ,all
 ,sides by ,hills71 ne> epntsa1 :]e !y  
f\nd ! h\se ( ! ,tsilk-igni 7,holy ,"y  
,m571 ( :om !re 7 f\r4 ,!re 71 9 !      
dwell+1 f\r rooms1 :i* _h n smoo? walls1
 b look$ l rooms 9 a cav]n2 yet ! h\se 0
 made ( wat]4 ,a numb] ( plum$ arr[s    
7ktso-yis n7 7 hang+ on ! walls1 & ea*  
"y man 7/&+ "o 9 ! ea/1 "o 9 ! s\?1 "o 9

 ! we/1 & "o 9 ! nor?7 held su* an arr[ 
9 8 ext5d$ "r h&4 ,no ke? wn 0 giv5 him2
 b he 0 bidd5 to obs]ve well h[ ! holy  
"y w>riors /ood1 t he might imitate !m 9
 ! rites he %\ld e/abli% among/ m54     
#dh4 ,! next place !y visit$ 0          
,tsea-iskgi 7,rock t ,b5ds ,back71 :]e  
!y ent]$ a h\se1 /rip$ )9 horizontally (
 _m colors1 & f\nd eight m ( !          
,tsilk-igni 7,holy ,"y ,m574 ,two /ood  
at ea* c>d9al po9t & ea* "o grasp$ a    
sapl+ :i* he held ov] 8 upturn$ m\?1 z  
if ab\t to swall[ x4 ,"o ( ! "y m5      
address$ him1 say+ ,d ?us4 ,!re are     
eight ( u "h2 b :5 y d ?is 9 ! dance t y
 w tea* y\r p y ne$ n h eight "y m5--six
 w be en\gh4  #di4 ,f "h !y w5t to      
,tctcel-hyits 7,big ,oaks71 to visit !  
home ( ig9-yosni 7yosni is a species (  
squirrel74 ,x 0 built ( black wat]-slime
 7ral7 & ! door 0 ( r$ sunbeams4 ,on !  
ea/ wall hung a big black log2 on ! s\? 
wall1 a blue log2 on ! we/ wall1 a yell[
 log2 & on ! nor? wall1 a :ite log2 9   
:i* logs ! squirrels dwelt4 ,al?\gh !y 7

 squirrels1 !y 7 "y m5 & "y wom51 &     
look$ v mu* l "o ano!r4 ,all _h r$ &    
black /ripes on _! backs4 ,^! taught him
 h[ to make & bury ! ke? wns sacr$ to   
!mselves4  #ej4 ,dsiln9la 7,la/ ,m\nta97
 is a conical1 %>p po9t$ em95ce1 %ap$ l 
a ,navajo hogan or lodge4 ,x is black & 
has :ite /reaks runn+ d[n its sides4    
,?is 0 ! next place !y visit$4 ,)9 !    
m\nta9 0 a h\se1 ^: door 0 ( d>kness & 0
 gu>d$ by ,tcpani 7! ,bat7 & an animal  
call$ ants 7( crepuscul> or nocturnal   
habits74 ,"h dwelt _m "y m5 & "y wom5 :o
 7 skunks 7golji71 & !y taught ! ,navajo
 w&]] h[ to make & h[ to bury ! ke? wns 
:i* are sacr$ to ! skunk4  #ea4 ,! next 
place to :i* !y w5t 0 ,dsil-niki- gi    
7,m\nta9 ,comes ,d[n ,/eep71 & "h !y    
f\nd ! place :]e ,glodsilk  7,ab]t's    
squirrel1 ,sciurus ab]ti7 & ,glodsiljni 
dwelt4 ,:5 ! f\r ent]$1 ! squirrels said
 to !m3 ,:at d y want "h8 ,y are always 
visit+ :]e y are n welcome4 ,! gods     
repli$3 ,be n angry ) u4 ,?is is a      
,navajo :o 0 a captive among ! ,ute1 b  

he has escap$ & has suff]$ mu*4 ,in 7!  
,lightn+7 has bidd5 u to take him to !  
homes ( all ! igni 7holy ones1          
sup]natural be+s72 !re=e we h br\ght him
 "h4 ,x is well1 said ! squirrels2 b he 
is hungry & mu/ h "s food4 ,!y br\ght   
him pion nuts1 p9e nuts1 spruce nuts1 & 
s]vice b]ries2 b ! gods told him n to   
p>take ( ! nuts or he w\ld be *ang$ into
 a squirrel1 to eat only ( ! s]vice     
b]ries4 ,:5 he _h f9i%$ 8 meal1 !       
squirrels %[$ him h[ to make two ke? wns
 & h[ to bury !m4  #eb4 ,n[ ,niltci     
:isp]$3 ,let u g to ,dsily -in 7,f\r    
,doorways ,"u a ,m\nta971 :]e dwells z  
ni 7! ,porcup9e74 ,8 h\se 0 9 a black   
m\nta94 ,at ! ea/]n doorway !re 0 a     
black spruce tree = a door4 ,on ! o!r   
sides !re 7 no doors2 ! entrances 7 op54
 ,!y f\nd "h f\r porcup9e gods1 two male
 & two female4 ,!y 7 color$ accord+ to !
 f\r c>d9al hues4 ,! black "o /ood 9 !  
ea/1 ! blue "o 9 ! s\?1 ! yell[ "o 9 !  
we/1 & ! :ite "o 9 ! nor?4 ,!y in/ruct$ 
him conc]n+ ! ke? wns ( ! porcup9es1 &  

!y (f]$ him food1 :i* consi/$ ( ! inn]  
b>k ( diff]5t k9ds ( trees4 ,b aga91    
prompt$ by ,niltci1 he refus$ ! food1   
say+ t he 0 n able to eat food ( t k9d4 
,x is well1 said ! porcup9es1 & n[ y may
 leave u4  #ec4 ,(f 9 ?is direction1    
:isp]$ ,niltci1 po9t+ to ! nor!a/1 is a 
place call$ ,qoe/s 7,:]e ,yell[ ,/reak  
,runs ,d[n74 ,let u g ?i!r4 ,"h !y ent]$
 a h\se ( "o room1 made ( black wat]4 ,!
 door 0 ( w9d4 ,x 0 ! home ( ,tcal-n9z  
7,long-,frog71 ( oklc 7,wat] ,snake71 ( 
,klick  7,arr[ ,snake71 & ( o!r s]p5ts &
 animals ( ! wat]4 ,x 0 call$ ,ahyqoei  
7,!y ,came ,toge!r71 because "h !       
prophet ( ! dsilydje qa l visit$ ! home 
( ! snakes & le>n$ some?+ ( _! my/]ies4 
,! c]emonies sacr$ to ^! animals belong 
to ano!r dance1 t ( ! qojni-qa l 7*ant (
 t]re/rial beauty72 b 9 ! my/]ies le>n$ 
9 ,ahyqoei ! two c]emonies are "o4 ,"h  
he 0 in/ruct$ h[ to make & to sacrifice 
f\r ke? wns4 ,to symbolize ?is visit (  
,dsilyi ,neyni & ?is union ( ! two      
c]emonies1 ! fir/ s& picture is made4   

7,see ,plate ,,xv47  #ed4 ,! next place 
!y visit$ 0 ,a nkik1 :]e !re 0 a h\se   
built ( ! :ite rock cry/al1 ) a door    
made ( all sorts ( plants4 ,x 0 call$   
,tseg iniini-behogan 7,h\se ( ,rock     
,cry/al7 & 0 ! home ( ,tcik-igni        
7,sup]natural ,"y ,woman1 or ,"y ,woman 
,goddess71 :o 0 ! ri*e/ ( all ! igni4 ,9
 ! middle ( ! floor /ood a l>ge cry/al 9
 ! %ape ( a ke? wn4 ,j z !y 7 ent]+1    
,qa/cli1 :o _h disappe>$ f ! ,navajo's  
sight at ! h\se ( ! be>s1 "h rejo9$ him1
 & ! p>ty n[ numb]$ five4 ,! ap>tm5t1 :5
 !y came into x1 0 v small1 b ,qa/cli   
blew on ! walls1 :i* ext5d$ !reat until 
! room 0 "o ( great size4 ,! goddess %[$
 ! ,navajo h[ to make two ke? wns &     
direct$ him h[ to dispose ( !m4  #ee4   
,!nce !y j\rney$ to ,tsits-intyli       
7,broad ,*]ry ,trees71 :]e1 9 a h\se (  
*]ries ) a door ( lightn+1 !re liv$ f\r 
gods nam$ ,dsilyi ,neyni 7,re>$ ,)9 !   
,m\nta9s74 ,! ,navajo 0 surpris$ to f9d 
t n only _h !y ! same "n z he _h1 b t !y
 look$ j l him & _h clo!s exactly ! same

 z 81 ,8 companions said to him3 ,^! are
 ! gods 9 ^: beautiful =m ! ,butt]fly   
goddess has mold$ y4 ,^! are ! gods ^:  
"n y be>4 ,! ho/s bade _! visitors be   
seat$1 & !y rang$ !mselves ar\nd ! fire1
 "o at ea* ( ! c>d9al po9ts4 ,ea* held  
an arr[ made ( ! cliff rose 7,c[ania    
mexicana7 9 8 ext5d$ "r h&4 ,! head ( ! 
arr[ 0 ( /one1 ! flet*+ ( eagle fea!rs1 
& ! brea? fea!r ( ! d[ny plume ( !      
,ts5hale 7! ,h>py ( ,navajo my?ology74  
,z !y held ! arr[s !y ejaculat$1 ai1 ai1
 ai1 ai1 z !y :o dance ! ktso-yis u d 9 
! c]emonies to ?is day1 & aft] ! f\r? ai
 ea* "o swall[$ 8 arr[1 head =emo/1     
until ! flet*+ t\*$ 8 lips4 ,!n he )drew
 ! arr[ & !y said3 ,?us d we wi% !      
,navajo to d 9 ! dance :i* y w tea* !m2 
b !y mu/ take good c>e n to break (f !  
arr[heads :5 !y swall[ & )draw !m4 ,su* 
is ! orig9 ( ! dance ( ! ktso-yis n1 or 
great plum$ arr[4 ,z !y bade him        
good-bye1 "o ( !m said to ! ,navajo3 ,we
 look = y1 i4e41 ,we expect y to return 
to u1 an intimation to him t :5 he left 

! e>? he %\ld return to ! gods1 to dwell
 among !m =ev]4  #ef4 ,f ?is place !y   
j\rney$ on until !y rea*$ ,a dsil 7,leaf
 ,m\nta971 & f\nd ! h\se t 0 made (     
dew-drops 7a-behogan7 & t _h a door made
 ( plants ( _m diff]5t k9ds4 ,?is 0 !   
home ( ! ,bitss-n9z 7,long ,bodies71 :o 
7 goddesses4 ,:5 !y rose1 z ! /rang]s   
ent]$1 ! plumes on _! heads seem$ to t\*
 ! heav5s1 !y 7 s v tall4 ,! goddesses  
said to ,dsilyi ,neyni1 ,we give y no   
ke? wn1 b look at u well & rememb] h[ we
 appe>1 = 9 y\r c]emonies y mu/ draw our
 picture2 yet draw u n1 z we n[ /&1 9 ! 
ea/1 ! s\?1 ! we/1 & ! nor?2 b draw u z 
if we all /ood 9 ! ea/4 ,?is is ! orig9 
( ! second picture t is pa9t$ on ! s&4  
7,plate ,,xvi47  #eg4 ,leav+ ! ,h\se (  
,dew !y proce$$ to onak  7,:ite ,wat]   
,runn+ ,across74 ,?is 0 a /ream :i* ran 
d[n ! side ( a hill & _h its s\rce 9 a  
great spr+4 ,imm$iately above ?is spr+ 0
 ! home ( ,qa/cli4 ,! latt]1 z !y       
approa*$ 8 home1 /opp$ at ! foot ( !    
hill & f\r times ord]$ 8 companions to g

 9 advance2 b f\r times !y refus$4 ,aft]
 ! la/ refusal ,qa/cli clapp$ 8 h&s1    
utt]$ 8 cry ( huhuhuhu6 & l$ ! way4 ,!  
h\se 0 ( corn poll52 ! door 0 (         
daylight2 ! ceil+ 0 support$ by f\r :ite
 spruce trees2 ra9b[s ran 9 e direction 
& made ! h\se %9e )9 ) _! bright &      
beautiful colors4 ,nei!r ke? wn nor     
c]emony 0 %[n ! ,navajo "h2 b he 0 all[$
 to t>ry f\r nights & 0 f$ ) an         
abundance ( :ite corn meal & corn poll54
  #eh4 ,n[ ,qa/cli took him to a place  
call$ ,lejphio 7,br[n ,e>? ,wat]7 & l$  
him to ! top ( a high hill1 f :i* !y    
c\ld see 9 ! f> di/ance ,gngio1 :]e !   
prophet's family dwelt2 = !y _h mov$    
away f ! valley 9 epntsa1 :]e he left   
!m4 ,!n ! yay %[$ him ! %orte/ road to  
take & bade him return to 8 p4  #ei4 ,:5
 he got )9 sight ( 8 h\se 8 p made him  
/op & told him n to approa* ne>] until  
!y _h summon$ a ,navajo %aman4 ,:5 !    
latt]1 ^: "n 0 ,r$ ,queue1 came1        
c]emonies 7 p]=m$ ov] ! return$ w&]]1 & 
he 0 wa%$ f head to foot & dri$ ) corn  

meal2 = ?us d ! ,navajo treat all :o    
return to _! homes f captivity ) ano!r  
tribe1 9 ord] t all ali5 sub/ances &    
influ5ces may be remov$ f !m4 ,:5 he _h 
be5 ?us purifi$ he ent]$ ! h\se & 8 p   
embrac$ him & wept ov] him4 ,b to him ! 
odors ( ! lodge 7 n[ intol]able & he    
soon left ! h\se & sat outside4 ,see+   
?is1 ! %aman gave x z 8 op9ion t !      
purification already made 0 n suffici5t1
 & t x w\ld be well to h a great dance  
ov] him4 ,9 ^? days ! ,navajo _h a heal+
 dance 9 ! d>k corral2 b x 0 imp]fect1 )
 few songs & no ke? wns or sacrificial  
/icks4 ,x 0 n until ,dsilyi ,neyni      
rec\nt$ 8 revelations t x became ! great
 dance x n[ is among ! ,navajo4  #fj4 ,x
 0 agre$ t be=e ! dance began ,dsilyi   
,neyni %\ld be all[$ f\r days & f\r     
nights 9 :i* to tell 8 /ory & t ! m$ic9e
 man %\ld s5d out a numb] ( "y m5 to    
collect ! plants t 7 necess>y = ! com+  
c]emony4 ,= f\r nights & = f\r days he 0
 busy 9 relat+ 8 adv5tures & in/ruct+ 8 
he>]s 9 all ! my/]ies he _h le>n$ 9 !   

homes ( ! igni4 ,!n !y built ! m$ic9e   
lodge & got all ?+s ready = ! new rites 
& = ! purification ( ! "o :o _h return$4
 ,! %aman select$ f among ! plants      
br\ght him by ! "y m5 su* z he ?\ght    
w\ld be/ cleanse 8 pati5t ( all ! /range
 food he _h tak5 among ! ali5 ,indians &
 9 ! h\ses ( ! sup]natural ones :om he  
_h visit$4 ,on ! fir/ day he gave him   
p9e & spruce2 on ! second day1 big &    
little will[s2 on ! ?ird day1 a plant   
call$ litci & ! aromatic sumac2 on !    
f\r? day1 c$> & pion4 ,( ^! ! prophet   
drank cold & hot infusions 9 ! morn+ by 
! fire4  #fa4 ,dur+ ^! f\r days !       
c]emonies :i* ,dsilyi ,neyni _h         
introduc$ 7 9 progress4 ,on ! fif? day x
 0 propos$ !y %\ld s5d out ! akn9ili    
7meal spr9kl]7 or c\ri] to invite _!    
neighbors to ! great dance4 ,!re 7 two  
c\ri]s to be s5t3 "o 0 to g to ! nor?1  
to a place call$ gojil 7,mu* ,grease    
,wood71 to invite "s fri5dly b&s ( ,ute1
 "s di/ant b&s ( ,navajo1 & "s ,jic>illa
 :o dwelt !re2 ! o!r 0 to g to ! s\?1 to

 ,tselak -i-sil  7,:]e ,two ,:ite ,rocks
 ,lie71 to ask ! ,s\!rn ,apa*e1 ! ,:ite 
,m\nta9 ,apa*e1 ! ,cohon9o1 & a tribe   
call$ ildjhe1 to att5d4 ,to ! camp 9 !  
nor? x 0 a j\rney ( two days & two      
nights1 & x w\ld take ! fleete/ runn] ! 
same "t to return4 ,to ! home ( _!      
neighbors 9 ! s\? x 0 z f>4 ,z ^! long  
j\rneys mu/ be made on foot & runn+1 !y 
c\ld n f9d a s+le "y man 9 ! camp :o    
w\ld volunte] = ! task4 ,! m5 c\nsel$   
ab\t ! difficulty all day & tri$ mu*    
p]suasion on ! y\?s1 b none 7 f\nd will+
 to make ei!r j\rney4  #fb4 ,z night    
approa*$ an old woman ent]$ ! m$ic9e    
lodge & said3 ,i w s5d my gr&son z an   
akn9ili4 ,?is old woman's lodge 0 n f> f
 :]e ! m$ic9e lodge 0 built & all pres5t
 knew h] gr&son well4 ,:5ev] !y visit$  
h] lodge he 0 always ly+ on ! gr\nd     
asleep2 !y nev] saw him g abroad to     
hunt1 & !y all suppos$ him to be lazy & 
wor?less2 s :5 %e made h] (f] !y only   
look$ at "o ano!r & laugh$4 ,%e wait$   
a:ile1 & gett+ no response %e aga9 (f]$ 

! s]vices ( h] gr&son1 only to provoke  
aga9 laught] & significant looks4 ,a    
?ird & a f\r? "t %e made h] proposal1 & 
!n %e said3 ,:y d y n at lea/ answ] me8 
,i h said t ,i w let my gr&son take y\r 
messages to "o ( ^! camps & y laugh at  
me & ?ank me n4 ,:y is ?is8 ,he>+ h]    
words1 ! *ief m$ic9e man1 :o came f a   
di/ant camp & did n "k h]1 ask$ ! m5 :o 
7 pres5t :o ! woman 0 & :at sort ( a "y 
man h] gr&son 02 b aga9 ! m5 laugh$ &   
did n answ] him ei!r4 ,he turn$ to ! old
 woman & said3 ,br+ hi!r y\r gr&son1 t  
,i may see him4 ,! woman answ]$3 ,x is  
already late2 ! night is fall+ & ! way  
is long4 ,x is ( no use = y to see him  
to-night2 let u wait until ! morn+4 ,v  
well1 said ! %aman2 br+ him at dawn     
to-morr[4 ,%e left ! lodge promis+ to d 
z %e 0 bidd52 & ! mom5t %e 0 gone ! long
 suppress$ m]rim5t ( ! m5 broke =?4 ,!y 
all laugh$ inord9ately1 made _m jokes   
ab\t ! lazy gr&son1 & told ! m$ic9e man 
t !re 0 no use 9 s5d+ su* a p]son ) !   
message :5 ! be/ runn]s among !m did n  

d>e to und]take ! j\rney4 ,he is too    
weak & lazy to hunt1 said !y2 he lives  
on se$s & nev] ta/es fle%4  #fc4 ,z soon
 z !re 0 light en\gh 9 ! morn+ to disc]n
 objects1 a man :o 0 look+ out ( ! door 
( ! m$ic9e lodge cri$ out1 ,he comes1 & 
^? inside laugh$ & wait$4 ,pres5tly ,tl 
esni 7su* 0 ! "n ( ! old woman's gr&son7
 ent]$ & sat d[n ne> ! fire4 ,all look$ 
at him 9 a/oni%m5t4 ,:5 la/ !y saw him 8
 hair 0 %ort & matt$1 z if x _h n be5   
comb$ or wa%$ = ?ree ye>s1 & 8 =m 0 lean
 & b5t4 ,n[ he appe>$ ) ?ick glossy     
locks t fell bel[ 8 knee2 8 limbs 7 l>ge
 & firm look+2 he held 8 head erect &   
walk$ l a y\? ( c\rage2 & _m said to "o 
ano!r1 ,?is _c be ! same man4 ,9 a      
little :ile ano!r "y man nam$ ,indsisk  
7,radiat+ ,:ite ,/reaks71 z fair & robu/
 z ! fir/1 ent]$ & sat d[n by ! fire on 
! side opposite to :]e ,tl esni sat4 ,! 
:ite e>? & ! *>coal = pa9t+ ! akn9ili 7 
already prep>$2 s "s ( ! "y m5 9 !      
lodge1 :5 !y beheld ?is pair ( f9e      
c\ri]s1 arose )\t a ^w ( debate & began 

to pa9t ! latt] & to adorn _! p]sons = !
 j\rney4 ,:5 ! toilet 0 done1 ! m$ic9e  
man s5t ! c\ri]s =? ) _m messages &     
injunctions & told !m to bl[ on _!      
:i/les f\r times be=e !y got out ( he>+ 
( ! lodge4 ,tl esni w5t to ! nor? &     
,indsisk  to ! s\?1 & !y walk$ s sl[ly t
 all ! spectators aga9 laugh$ & made    
m]ry1 & _m said3 ,!y w nev] rea* ! camps
 :i!r we h s5t !m4 ,!y pass$ out ( sight
 j be=e ! sun rose4 ,^? :o rema9$ 9 camp
 prep>$ to amuse !mselves4 ,!y cle>$ !  
gr\nd = ! game ( nnjoj1 & br\ght out _! 
/icks & hoops4 ,"s said3 ,we w h pl5ty (
 "t = play be=e ! c\ri]s return4 ,o!rs  
said3 ,at yond] tree we saw ,tl esni    
la/4 ,i suppose if we w5t !re n[ we w\ld
 f9d him asleep "u x4  #fd4 ,ab\t !     
middle ( ! aft]noon1 :ile !y 7 play+ _! 
games1 "o look$ to ! nor?1 &1 at a      
di/ance1 he saw "o ( ! mess5g]s approa*+
 !m1 & he cri$ out1 ,"h comes ,tl esni2 
he has wak5$ f 8 sleep & is com+ back = 
some?+ to eat4 ,a mom5t lat] ,indsisk  0
 ann\nc$ z approa*+ f ! s\?4 ,!y bo?    

rea*$ ! door ( ! m$ic9e lodge at ! same 
"t2 b ,tl esni ent]$ fir/1 h&$ 8 bag to 
! m$ic9e man1 & sat d[n 9 ! same place  
:]e he sat :5 he ent]$ 9 ! morn+4       
,indsisk  foll[$ &1 h&+ 8 bag to !      
%aman1 sat d[n opposite 8 companion4    
,n[1 _m :o 7 )\t ?rong$ into ! lodge to 
enjoy ! sport1 & !y laugh$ & :isp]$     
among !mselves2 b ! c\ri]s 7 grave &    
sil5t1 &1 :ile ! m$ic9e man op5$ ! bags1
 !y took (f _! ornam5ts & wa%$ ! pa9t f 
_! bodies4 ,9 ! bag ( ,tl esni 7 f\nd   
f\r e>s ( ljyip7ej 7corn bak$ 9 ! husk  
und]gr\nd74 ,!y 7 /ill hot f ! fire1 & !
 %aman broke !m into fragm5ts & pass$ ! 
pieces ar\nd4 ,f ! bag ( ,indsisk  two  
pieces ( no 7! h>d sug> ( ! maguey71 su*
 z ! ,apa*e make1 7 tak54 ,:5 ! "y m5 _h
 f9i%$ clean+ !mselves1 !y pass$ out 9  
sil5ce1 )\t a glance = any "o4  #fe4 ,at
 nightfall !y return$ to ! lodge1 &     
ent]+1 sat d[n 9 ! we/1 "o on ea* side (
 ! m$ic9e man1 & ,tl esni address$ him1 
say+3 ,:5 we came to ! lodge ?is        
aft]noon1 we did n give y an acc\nt (   

our j\rneys because ! p :o are ) y are  
fools1 :o laugh$ :5 we came home f !    
long j\rney :i* !y fe>$ to und]take2 b  
n[ we h come to tell y our adv5tures4   
,i1 cont9u$ ,tl esni1 w5t to ! nor?4 ,on
 my way ,i met ano!r mess5g] :o 0       
travel+ f a di/ant camp to ?is "o to    
call y all to a dance 9 a circle (      
bran*es ( a diff]5t k9d f ours4 ,:5 he  
le>n$ my err& he tri$ to prevail on me  
to return hi!r & put (f our dance till  
ano!r day1 s t we might att5d _! c]emony
 & t !y 9 turn might att5d ours2 b ,i   
refus$1 say+ our p 7 9 ha/e to complete 
_! dance4 ,!n we ex*ang$ b[s & quiv]s z 
a sign to our p t we _h met & t :at we  
w\ld tell on our return 0 ! tru?4 ,y    
obs]ve t ! b[ & quiv] ,i h n[ are n ^? )
 :i* ,i left ?is morn+4 ,we p>t$1 & ,i  
kept on my way t[>ds ! nor?4 ,x 0 yet   
e>ly 9 ! day :5 ,i rea*$ gojil1 :]e !   
,jic>illa & fri5dly ,ute 7 encamp$4 ,!re
 ,i spr9kl$ meal on ! m$ic9e man & gave 
him my message4 ,:5 ,i arriv$ !y 7 j    
op5+ a pit 9 :i* !y _h roa/$ corn1 & !y 

gave me ! e>s :i* ,i h br\ght home4 ,!y 
promis$ to be "h 9 our camp at ! end ( !
 ?ird day1 :i* w be ! night ( our dance4
  #ff4 ,:5 ,tl esni _h done speak+1     
,indsisk  gave ! foll[+ acc\nt (        
himself3 ,x 0 b a little :ile aft]      
sunrise :5 ,i rea*$ ,tselak -sil  &     
ent]$ ! camps ( ! f\r tribes4 ,9 "o !y 7
 j tak+ "s no out ( a pit1 & !y gave me 
^? pieces :i* ,i br\ght home4 ,i ent]$ !
 lodge ( a m$ic9e man 9 ea* tribe1      
scatt]$ on him ! sacr$ meal1 & ann\nc$  
to him :5 our dance w\ld take place4 ,!y
 all promis$ to be "h ) _! p on ! end ( 
! ?ird day1 :i* w be on ! night we hold 
our c]emony4  #fg4 ,:5 ! akn9ilis came  
to tell _! adv5tures to ! m$ic9e man1 !y
 7 beautifully attir$4 ,!y wore e>r+s & 
necklaces ( turquoise1 coral1 & r>e     
%ells4 ,!y _h on embroid]$ blankets ( a 
k9d we see no long]1 b ! gods wore !m 9 
! anci5t days4 ,!y ru/l$ l dry leaves4  
,! blanket ( "o 0 black & t ( ! o!r 0   
:ite4 ,:5 !y came out ( ! m$ic9e lodge  
!y w5t ar\nd among ! huts & inclosures (

 ^? :o 7 assembl$1 visit+ ! wives & !   
swee!>ts ( ! silly m5 :o _h laugh$ at !m
 9 ! morn+2 & ev]y:]e ! wom5 smil$ on ! 
beautiful & well dress$ y\?s4 ,! next   
morn+ ! m5 laugh$ & sne]$ at !m no m1   
nor :isp]$ 9 _! pres5ce1 b glanc$ at !m 
) sulky or %amefac$ looks4 ,dur+ ! day !
 akn9ilis took "p 9 ! game ( nnjoj ) ^? 
:o once je]$ at !m1 & won _m articles ( 
great value4  #fh4 ,on ! aft]noon ( !   
?ird day foll[+ ! "o on :i* ! akn9ilis  
made _! j\rneys1 a great cl\d ( du/ 0   
obs]v$ on ! nor!rn horizon & a simil>   
cl\d 0 se5 9 ! s\?4 ,!y grew great] &   
came ne>]1 & !n ! invit$ ,indians began 
to arrive f bo? directions4 ,!y cont9u$ 
to come 9 gr\ps until nightfall1 :5 a   
great multitude _h assembl$ to witness !
 dance4 ,aft] ! gue/s began to arrive ! 
"y m5 set to "w to cut trees = ! corral1
 & :5 ! sun _h set ! build+ ( ! d>k     
circle ( bran*es began4 ,:ile ! "y m5 7 
mak+ ! circle ! old m5 7 mak+ spee*es to
 ! multitude1 = ! old m5 always love to 
talk :5 ! "y m5 are h>d at "w4 ,x 0 !   

greate/ corral t has ev] be5 built 9 !  
,navajo c\ntry4 ,x 0 z broad z f ,caon  
,bonito to ! ,hay/acks 7a di/ance ( ab\t
 six miles71 yet ! visit+ tribes 7 s    
num]\s t !y fill$ ! circle full4 ,9 !   
mean "t ! s\nds ( s++ & ( ! drum 7 he>d 
all ar\nd1 = _m diff]5t p>ties ( danc]s1
 :o 7 to take "p 9 ! night's ent]ta9m5t1
 7 rehe>s+4  #fi4 ,!re 0 "s delay aft] !
 inclosure 0 f9i%$ be=e ! fir/ danc]s   
made _! appe>ance4 ,a man ent]$ ! corral
 & made a spee* begg+ ! atsle1 or fir/  
danc]s1 to ha/51 z !re 7 s _m p>ties f a
 di/ance :o wi%$ to p]=m dur+ ! night4  
,soon aft] he _h spok51 ! two atsle :o  
l$ 9 ! dance ( ! great plum$ arr[ ent]$1
 & aft] !m came six m1 & p]=m$ ?is heal+
 dance ov] ,dsilyi ,neyni z x is p]=m$  
to ?is day4 7,see p>agraph #aca47 ,:5   
?is 0 conclud$ v>i\s gr\ps f among !    
/rang]s ent]$1 "o aft] ano!r1 & conduct$
 _! diff]5t allis1 or %[s1 :i* ! ,navajo
 !n le>n$ & h s9ce practic$ :5 !y s+ _! 
songs 9 ! d>k circle ( bran*es4  #gj4   
,:5 ! dance began 9 ! ev5+ !re 0 "o ( ! 

invit$ tribes :i*1 x 0 notic$1 _h n     
arriv$4 ,?is 0 ! ,beqai1 or ,jic>illa4  
,! ,navajo ask$ ! ,ute :]e ! miss+ ones 
71 & ! ,ute answ]$ t !y _h pass$ !      
,jic>illa on ! way2 t ! latt] 7 com+1 b 
_h /opp$ to play a game ( r\lette1 or   
nnjoj1 & 7 ?us delay$4 ,%ortly be=e dawn
 ! ,jic>illa came & ent]$ ! corral to   
exhibit _! alli or %[4 ,x 0 a dance ( ! 
nnjoj1 = ! w&s & implem5ts ( ! dance 7 !
 /icks & :eels us$ 9 play+ t game4  #ga4
 ,dur+ ! night a *ief ( ! ,navajo1 :ile 
walk+ ?r\gh ! cr[d1 obs]v$ ! gr&mo!r (  
,tl esni sitt+ on ! gr\nd4 ,he approa*$ 
h] & said3 ,y\r gr&son & 8 fri5d h done 
a great de$ = u2 !y h made a long       
j\rney4 ,_m d\bt$ :e!r !y _h really made
 x until we saw ! multitude ga!r+ 9 our 
camp f ! nor? & f ! s\? 9 ob$i5ce to _! 
summons4 ,n[ we "k t !y h spok5 ! tru?4 
,tell me1 ,i beg y1 h[ !y did ?is       
wond]ful ?+4 ,%e answ]$3 ,!y are ig9i4  
,my gr&son = _m ye>s has ris5 e>ly e    
morn+ & run all ar\nd ,tstsil 7,m\nt    
,taylor1 or ,san ,mateo7 ov] & ov] aga9 

be=e sunrise4 ,?is is :y ! p h nev] se5 
him abroad dur+ ! day1 b h se5 him      
asleep 9 8 hogn4 ,ar\nd ! base ( ,tstsil
 are _m tsendjihi 7heaps ( sacrificial  
/ones74 ,^! 7 all made by my gr&son2 he 
drops a /one on "o ( ^! piles e "t he   
goes r\nd ! m\nta94  #gb4 ,:5 day began 
to dawn !re 7 yet sev]al p>ties :o came 
prep>$ to give exhibitions1 b _h n _h a 
*ance2 /ill1 at ! approa* ( day !       
c]emonies _h to cease4 ,at ?is "t1 be=e 
! visitors began to leave ! corral1 !   
,navajo *ief :o _h spok5 ) ! gr&mo!r    
arose & address$ ! assembly4 ,he told !m
 all he knew ab\t ! swift c\ri]s & all !
 gr&mo!r _h told him4 ,he rem>k$ t !re 7
 yet _m :o c\ld n believe t ! "y m5 _h  
made ! j\rney2 s1 to satisfy all1 he    
propos$ t )9 twelve days !y %\ld h a    
race betwe5 ! two fleet akn9ili ar\nd ! 
base ( ,tstsil1 if all w\ld agree to    
reassemble to witness x1 & he begg$ !m  
to invite _! neighbors ( ! ,pueblo & o!r
 tribes to come ) !m4 ,!n o!r *iefs     
arose to speak4 ,9 ! end ! proposition (

 ! ,navajo *ief 0 agre$ to4 ,all promis$
 to return )9 elev5 days & decid$ t !   
race %\ld take place on ! morn+ foll[+4 
,!n !y disp]s$ to _! homes4  #gc4 ,on ! 
aft]noon ( ! elev5? day1 :5 !y _h       
reassembl$ accord+ to _! promises1 !    
,navajo *ief arose & address$ !m4 ,he   
invit$ ! *iefs ( ! o!r tribes to come   
=w>d & complete ! arrangem5ts = ! race4 
,s ! headm5 all came toge!r at ! place  
:]e ! ,navajo 0 speak+1 &1 aft] "s      
consultation1 !y agre$ t ! race %\ld be 
ar\nd ! peak ( ,tstsil1 b n ar\nd !     
entire range ( m\nta9s4 ,! ,navajo      
sep>at$ !mselves into "o p>ty & ! ali5  
tribes into ano!r1 ! two p>ties /&+ at a
 little di/ance f "o ano!r4 ,! ali5s 7  
giv5 ! fir/ *oice1 & !y *ose ,indsisk 2 
!re=e ,tl esni fell to ! ,navajo4 ,!n ! 
bett+ began4 ,! /akes consi/$ ( /r+s (  
coral1 turquoise1 & %ell beads1 (       
vessels ( %ells z l>ge z ! e>!n bas9s ( 
! ,zui1 ( beautifully tann$ bucksk9s1 ( 
dresses embroid]$ ) color$ porcup9e     
quills1 & ( suits ( armor made ( sev]al 

lay]s ( bucksk94 ,! w>riors 9 ^? days   
wore su* armor1 b !y we> x no long]4 ,! 
beads & %ells 7 laid 9 "o pile2 !       
bucksk9s1 ! embroid]$ dresses1 & ! armor
 9 ano!r2 & ! piles 7 ( va/ size4  #gd4 
,! homes ( ^! "y m5 7 at ,ka-sak tsqa   
7,lone ,junip] ,/&+ ,betwe5 ,cliffs71 n[
 ,cob]o ,caon4 ,!re is se5 to day a rock
 %ap$ l a ,navajo hogn4 ,x /&s ne> !    
wagon road & n f> f ! t[n ( ! ,mexicans 
7,cob]o74 ,?is rock 0 once ! hut :]e ,tl
 esni dwelt4 ,n f> f x is ano!r rock (  
simil> appe>ance1 :i* once 0 ! home (   
,indsisk 4 ,= ?is reason ! runn]s 7 />t$
 at ! ,lone ,junip]4 ,!y ran t[>ds ! we/
 & five ( ! fleete/ runn]s among !      
assembl$ ,indians set out at ! same "t  
to see h[ long !y c\ld keep up ) !m4 ,by
 ! "t ^! five m5 _h rea*$ ! spur ( !    
m\nta9 opposite sao 7,hot ,spr+1 ,ojo de
 los ,gall9os1 ,san ,rafael71 ! two     
*ampions 7 out ( sight4 ,!n ! five turn$
 back2 b be=e !y c\ld return to ! ,lone 
,junip] ! runn]s _h got 9 & ! race 0    
decid$4 ,tl esni _h won by ab\t twice ! 

l5g? ( 8 own body1 & all ! wag]$ weal? (
 ! o!r nations pass$ into ! h&s ( !     
,navajo4  #ge4 ,:5 all 0 done ! /rang]s 
7 dissatisfi$2 !y m\rn$ ov] _! losses & 
talk$ ab\t ! :ole affair among !mselves 
= a long "t4 ,f9ally !y decid$ to give !
 ,navajo ano!r *all5ge if ! latt] w\ld  
agree to a long] racec\rse1 :i* %\ld    
include all ! foo?ills ( ! ,san ,mateo  
range4 ,! ,navajo accept$ ! *all5ge &   
agre$ to h ! race at ! end ( ano!r      
twelve days4 ,e>ly on ! elev5? day !    
/rang]s began to assemble f all qu>t]s2 
!y cont9u$ to arrive all day1 & :5 night
 fell !y 7 all 94 ,!n ! headm5 address$ 
!m1 expla9+ all ! conditions ( ! *all5ge
 & describ+ c>efully ! racec\rse decid$ 
on4 ,! bett+ did n run z high ?is "t z  
be=e4 ,! ,navajo bet only ab\t "o-half (
 :at !y won on ! =m] race4 ,aga9 !y />t$
 ! two runn]s1 & 9 su* "t z y c\ld j m>k
 t ! sun _h mov$1 !y 7 back at ! goal2 b
 ?is "t ,indsisk 1 ! *ampion ( ! ali5   
races1 won by ab\t ! same di/ance z he  
_h lo/ on ! previ\s occasion4  #gf4 ,!n 

! /rang]s 7 satisfi$ & said1 ,we w try  
no m4 ,_m ( our goods are /ill ) !      
,navajo2 b we h done well to rescue :at 
we h4 ,"o ( ! wise m5 among !m said1    
,yes1 y h done well1 = _h y lo/ ! second
 race y w\ld h lo/ ) x ! ra9 & ! sun%9e 
& all t makes life glad4 ,x is because !
 ,navajo won s mu* weal? on ?is occasion
 t !y h be5 ri*] ?an ! neighbor+ races  
ev] s9ce4  #gg4 ,! c]emony cur$ ,dsilyi 
,neyni ( all 8 /range feel+s & notions4 
,! lodge ( 8 p no long] smell$          
unpleasant to him4 ,b (t5 he w\ld say1  
,i "k ,i _c be ) y always1 = ! yays     
visit me nightly 9 my sleep4 ,9 my      
dreams ,i am once m among !m1 & !y beg  
me to return to !m4  #gh4 ,f ,lejphio ! 
family mov$ to ,dsildjoltcni 7,m\nta9 ( 
,hatr$74 ,!nce !y w5t to ,ts9bilhi      
7,woods on ,"o ,side71 & f !re to       
,tseyuhia 7,/&+ ,rock ,above74 ,9 ?is   
place !y encamp$ b "o night1 & next day 
!y mov$ to ep-aa 7,%eep ,promontory71 & 
w5t on to ep-asii 7,"o ,%eep ,ly+ ,d[n74
 ,"h aga9 !y camp$ = ! night4 ,next day 

!y travel$ by ,tseatc lali 7,rock       
,crack$ 9 ,two7 to ,tcoy jnask 7,hill   
,surr\nd$ ,) ,"y ,spruce ,trees71 to    
,nig qoka 7,:ite ,gr\nd71 & to ,tseyi/ci
 7,dipp+ ,rocks1 i4e41 dipp+ /rata71 :]e
 !y /opp$ to re/ = ! night4 ,on ! foll[+
 day !y j\rney$ to osakzi 7,cold ,wat]71
 9 :i* place !y encamp$ aga94  #gi4 ,:5 
! morn+ came1 ,dsilyi ,neyni said to 8  
y\ng] bro!r1 ,let u g out & try to %oot 
"s de]1 s t we may make bea 7de] masks71
 su* z we wore 9 epntsa1 :]e we kill$ s 
_m de]4 ,! bro!rs dep>t$ on ! hunt &    
came to a place call$ ,dsil-lj9 7,black 
,m\nta9s71 & !y sat d[n on ! side ( !   
m\nta9s look+ t[>ds ,tstsil4 ,z !y sat  
!re ,dsilyi ,neyni said1 ,y\ng] bro!r1  
behold ! igni6 7holy ones72 b ! y\ng]   
bro!r c\ld see no "o4 ,!n he spoke aga91
 ,f>ewell1 y\ng] bro!r6 ,f ! holy places
 ! gods come = me4 ,y w nev] see me     
aga92 b :5 ! %[]s pass & ! ?und] peals1 
',!re1' y w say1 'is ! voice ( my eld]  
bro!r1' & :5 ! h>ve/ comes1 ( !         
beautiful birds & gras%opp]s y w say    

',!re is ! ord]+ ( my eld] bro!r4'  #hj4
 ,z he said ^! words he vani%$4 ,! y\ng]
 bro!r look$ all ar\nd1 & see+ no "o he 
/>t$ = 8 home4 ,:5 he return$ to 8 p he 
told !m ( ! dep>ture ( ,dsilyi ,neyni1 &
 !y m\rn$ z = "o dead4     ,,!          
,,c]emonies ,,( ,,dsily,,dje ,,qa,l4    
#ha4 ,x has be5 my lot to see portions (
 ^! c]emonies at v>i\s times4 ,! mo/    
complete view ,i _h ( !m 0 dur+ a visit 
made to a place call$ ,niqotlizi 7,h>d  
,e>?71 "s tw5ty miles nor?we/ f ,=t     
,w+ate1 ,new ,mexico1 & j )9 ! s\!rn    
b\nd>y ( ! ,navajo ,res]vation4 ,?is 0 !
 only occasion :5 ,i obta9$ full access 
to ! m$ic9e lodge on ! lat] days ( !    
c]emonies & _h an opportunity ( obs]v+ !
 wond]ful pictures on s& :i* are        
illu/rat$ 9 color 9 ! accompany+ plates4
  #hb4 ,on ,octob] #ba1 #ahha1 :5 ,i    
arriv$ at ?is place1 ! pati5t = ^:      
b5efit ! rites 7 celebrat$ & a few ( h] 
imm$iate relations 7 ! only p encamp$   
"h4 ,!y occupi$ a s+le tempor>y %elt] ( 
bru%wood1 )9 a few paces ( :i* ,i _h a  

rude %elt] erect$ = my own              
accommodation4 ,! pati5t 0 a middleag$  
woman1 :o app>5tly suff]$ f no ailm5t   
:atev]2 %e 0 /\t1 ruddy1 *e]ful1 & did  
h] full %>e ( ! h\sehold "w e day2 yet  
%e 0 ab\t to give away = ^! c]emonies   
%eep1 horses1 & o!r goods to ! value (  
p]haps two hundr$ doll>s4 ,no c]emonies 
:atev] 7 9 progress :5 ,i came4 ,ev]y?+1
 s ! ,indians said1 0 wait+ = ! qa li4  
7,p>agraph #b47 ,"s m5 7 engag$ 9 build+
 a corral = ! %eep t 7 to be slaught]$ =
 ! gue/s1 & "s old wom5 7 gr9d+ corn to 
fea/ ! m5 :o 7 to "w 9 ! m$ic9e lodge1  
:i* _h be5 complet$ six days be=e4  #hc4
 ,?is lodge 0 a simple conical /ructure 
( l>ge1 p>tly hew$ pion logs1 set on end
 & incl9$ at an angle ( ab\t =ty-five   
degrees1 s z to jo9 "o ano!r on top1 :]e
 !y =m$ ! apex ( ! lodge4 ,! circle (   
logs 0 incomplete 9 ! ea/1 :]e ! op5+s =
 ! door & ! smoke hole 74 ,a passage1 or
 entry1 ab\t five feet high & ?ree feet 
wide1 l$ f ! body ( ! lodge to ! out]   
doorway1 :]e "s blankets hung z         

portires4 ,! frame ( logs 0 cov]$ ) sods
 & loose e>? to keep out w9d & ra94     
,int]nally1 ! lodge 0 eight feet 9      
height "u ! apex ( ! cone & on an av]age
 tw5ty-five feet 9 diamet] at ! base4 ,!
 diamet] 0 increas$ at ! ea/ 7to all[ = 
! entry7 & at ! nor?4 ,! irregul>ity 9 !
 circumf]5ce 9 ! nor? 0 at fir/         
conjectur$ to be a m]e accid5t2 b 9 !   
c]emonies ( ! fir/ night its use became 
app>5t z af=d+ a hid+ place = ! man     
dress$ 9 ev]gre5s4 7,p>agraph #if47     
,illu/ration3   ,bureau ( ,e?nology     
,fif? ,annual ,report ,pl4 ,x   ,,m$ic9e
 ,,lodge1 ,,view$ ,,f ,,! ,,s\?4   #hd4 
,,! ,,fir/ ,,f\r ,,days' c]emonies 9 ?is
 case _h be5 p]=m$ dur+ ! previ\s ye>4  
,su* a division ( ! "w is sometimes     
made1 if m conv5i5t = ! pati5t & 8      
fri5ds1 b usually all is done 9 n9e     
consecutive days4 ,^! fir/ days h less (
 int]e/ ?an ! o!rs4 ,e>ly ea* morn+1    
be=e eat+1 all :o desire1 m5 & wom51    
ent] ! m$ic9e lodge1 :]e1 9 a /ifl+     
atmosph]e1 seat$ ar\nd a fire ( dry wood

 ( f\r diff]5t k9ds--c$>1 big will[1    
little will[1 & spruce--!y take ! hot   
emetic infusion ( fifte5 diff]5t k9ds ( 
plants mix$ toge!r4 ,a little s& is     
plac$ 9 front ( ea* to receive ! eject$ 
mat]ial4 ,aft] ! emetic has act$ ! fire 
is remov$1 deposit$ "s paces to ! nor? (
 ! lodge1 & all[$ to die out4 ,ea*      
devotee's pile ( s& is !n remov$ 7beg9n+
 ) t ( ! man :o sat 9 ! ea/ & go+ r\nd !
 circle7 & deposit$1 "o aft] ano!r1 9 a 
l9e nor? ( ! sacr$ fire4 ,ea* succe$+   
day's deposits are plac$ f>!r & f>!r    
nor? 9 a cont9u\s l9e4 ,next all return 
to ! lodge1 :i* has be5 all[$ to cool2 !
 %aman spits on ea* "s m$ic9e :i* has   
be5 mix$ ) ho>-fro/ & is suppos$ to     
cool4 ,:5 all h left ! lodge1 a new fire
 ( ord9>y wood is k9dl$1 & ! ke? wns1 or
 sacrificial /icks1 appropriate to ! day
 are made4   #he4 ,,fif? ,,day4 ,! *ant]
 did n arrive until ! aft]noon ( ,octob]
 #bc4 ,8 c]emonies 9 ! m$ic9e lodge     
began on ! morn+ ( ! #bd?4 ,! =5oon 0   
devot$ to ! prep>ation & sacrifice (    

c]ta9 ke? wns 7ke n7--! sacrificial     
/icks1 to ! orig9 ( :i* s mu* ( ! =ego+ 
my? is devot$--& ( sacrificial          
cig>ettes4 ,ab\t eight o'clock ! sick   
woman ent]$ ! m$ic9e lodge1 foll[$ by ! 
*ant]4 ,:ile %e sat on ! gr\nd1 ) h]    
limbs ext5d$1 he appli$ "s p[d]$        
sub/ance f 8 m$ic9e bag to ! soles ( h] 
feet1 to h] knees1 brea/s1 %\ld]s1      
*eeks1 & head1 9 ! ord] nam$1 & !n ?rew 
"s ( x t[>ds ! heav5s ?r\gh ! smoke     
hole4 ,be=e apply+ x to ! head he plac$ 
"s ( x 9 h] m\? to be swall[$4 ,!n1     
kneel+ on a %eep sk91 ) h] face to !    
ea/1 & hold+ ! bag ( m$ic9e 9 h] h&1 %e 
recit$ a pray]1 bit by bit1 aft] !      
*ant]4 ,! pray] be+ f9i%$1 %e arose1 put
 "s ( ! m$ic9e into h] m\?1 "s on h]    
head1 & took h] seat 9 ! s\?1 :ile !    
%aman w5t on ) ! prep>ation ( !         
sacrifices4  #hf4 ,an assi/ant daub$ a  
nice /raight bran* ( *]ry ) "s moi/5$   
h]bace\s p[d]1 aft] :i* he divid$ !     
bran* into f\r pieces ) a fl9t knife4   
,two ( ! pieces 7 ea* ab\t two in*es    

long & two ea* ab\t f\r in*es long4 ,9  
ea* ( ! %ort] ones he made "o slight ga%
 & 9 ea* ( ! long] ones two ga%es4 ,!   
/icks 7 !n pa9t$1 a %r$ ( yucca leaf be+
 us$ = ! bru%1 ) r+s ( black1 r$1 &     
:ite1 dispos$ 9 a diff]5t ord] on ea*   
/ick4 ,! two cig>ettes 7 made by fill+  
sections ( "s holl[ /em ) a mixture ( "s
 pulv]iz$ plants4 ,su* cig>ettes are    
int5d$1 z ! pray]s indicate1 to be smok$
 by ! gods4 7,p>agraph #hh47  #hg4 ,:ile
 ! assi/ants 7 pa9t+ ! /icks & mak+ !   
cig>ettes ! old *ant] plac$ on a %eep   
sk91 spread on ! floor woolly side d[n1 
o!r ?+s p]ta9+ to ! sacrifice3 five     
bundles ( assort$ fea!rs1 five small    
pieces ( cotton %eet+ to wrap !         
sacrifices 91 & two r\nd flat /ones1 ea*
 ab\t f\r in*es 9 diamet]4 ,! upp]      
surfaces ( ^! he pa9t$1 "o blue & "o    
black1 & he bord]$ ea* ) a /ripe ( r$4  
,:5 ! ke? wns & cig>ettes 7 ready1 ! qa 
li di/ribut$ !m along ) ! bun*es (      
plumes1 on ! five pieces ( cotton clo?1 
:i* 7 !n roll$ up ar\nd _! cont5ts1 mak+

 five bundles ( sacrifices4 ,on !       
completion ( ?is "w !re 0 pray]1 song1 &
 rattl+2 ! m$ic9al p[d] 0 appli$ to !   
body ( ! pati5t z be=e 7p>agraph #he72  
two ( ! little sacrificial bundles 7    
plac$ 9 h] "r h&1 & :ile %e held !m %e  
aga9 repeat$ a pray]1 foll[+ aga9 phrase
 by phrase1 or s5t5ce by s5t5ce1 ! words
 ( ! prie/4 ,! latt]1 :5 ! pray] 0 end$1
 took ! sacrifices f h] h& & press$ !m  
to diff]5t p>ts ( h] body 9 ! ord]      
previ\sly obs]v$1 beg9n+ ) ! soles ( !  
feet & go+ upw>ds to ! head1 b on ?is   
occasion t\*+ also ! back1 & t\*+ x la/4
 ,ea* "t aft] press+ ! sacrifices to h] 
body he held !m up to ! smoke hole &    
blew on !m 9 t direction a quick puff1 z
 if bl[+ away "s evil influ5ce :i* !    
sacrifices 7 suppos$ to draw f h] body4 
,!n ! ?ree rema9+ bundles 7 put 9 h] h&s
 & ! rites obs]v$ ) ! =m] bundles 7     
repeat$ 9 e respect1 includ+ ! pray]1   
:i* 0 foll[$ by s++ & rattl+4 ,:5 ! song
 _h ceas$ "s ( ! assi/ants took !       
bundles ( sacrifices out ( ! lodge1 no  

d\bt to bury !m accord+ to ! me?od prop]
 = ^? p>ticul> ke? wns4 ,! r\nd pa9t$   
/ones 7 also c>ri$ out4  #hh4 ,! pray]s 
:i* ! woman repeat$ v>i$ b little4 ,!y  
all s\nd$ ne>ly alike4 ,! night ! %aman 
arriv$ he rehe>s$ "s ( ^! pray]s ) !    
woman1 at h] own hogn1 to make h]       
famili> ) !m be=e %e repeat$ !m1 9 !    
m$ic9e lodge4 ,! pray] address$ to      
,dsilyi ,neyni1 :5 %e held 9 h] h& !    
(f]+ sacr$ to him1 0 z foll[s3    ,re>$ 
,)9 ! ,m\nta9s6   ,"l ( ! ,m\nta9s6     
,"y ,man6   ,*iefta96   ,i h made y\r   
sacrifice4   ,i h prep>$ a smoke = y4   
,my feet re/ore ?\ = me4   ,my legs     
re/ore ?\ = me4   ,my body re/ore ?\ =  
me4   ,my m9d re/ore ?\ = me4   ,my     
voice re/ore ?\ = me4   ,re/ore all = me
 9 beauty4   ,make beautiful all t is   
be=e me4   ,make beautiful all t is     
beh9d me4   ,make beautiful my words4   
,x is done 9 beauty4   ,x is done 9     
beauty4   ,x is done 9 beauty4   ,x is  
done 9 beauty4 7,p>agraphs #bfa-d47     
,illu/ration3   ,bureau ( ,e?nology     

,fif? ,annual ,report ,pl4 ,,xi         
,,m$ic9e ,,lodge1 ,,view$ ,,f ,,! ,,ea/4
  #hi4 ,! next "p ( ! c]emonies 7or1    
%all ,i say1 ! treatm5t87 0 a           
fumigation4 ,! m$ic9e man took f ! fire 
a l>ge gl[+ coal1 plac$ x beside !      
woman1 & scatt]$ on x "s p[d]$ sub/ance 
:i* in/antly gave =? a d5se smoke & a   
/rong fragrance t fill$ ! lodge4 ,!     
woman held h] face ov] ! coal & inhal$ !
 fumes ) deep inspirations4 ,:5 ! smoke 
no long] rose ! coal 0 qu5*$ ) wat] &   
c>ri$ out ( ! lodge by ! *ief1          
,manuelito1 probably to be dispos$ ( 9  
"s e/abli%$ mann]4 ,!n ! woman left !   
lodge & s++ & rattl+ 7 resum$4  #ij4    
,:ile ! rites j describ$ 7 9 progress "s
 assi/ants 7 busy ) o!r matt]s4 ,"o     
made1 f ! spott$ sk9 ( a fawn1 two bags 
9 :i* ! akn9ilis or c\ri]s 7 to c>ry _! 
meal on ! morr['s j\rney4 ,ano!r br\ght 
9 & hung ov] ! doorway a bundle ( dry1  
)]$ plants :i* he _h j ga!r$4 ,glanc+ up
 at !m ,i recogniz$ ! ,guti]rezia & !   
,b\tel\a4 ,! bundle may h conta9$ ! o!r 

plants m5tion$ 9 ! my? 7p>agraph #dd74  
,!y 7 hung up !re till ! next day1 to be
 !n us$ 9 a mann] :i* w be describ$     
7p>agraph #aja74  #ia4 ,! %eepsk9 on :i*
 ! sacrifices _h be5 plac$ 0 tak5 away &
 a blanket 0 spread on ! gr\nd to       
receive "s m sacr$ articles f ! bag ( ! 
*ant]4 ,^! 7 five long not*$ w&s1 "s    
tail fea!rs ( ! wild turkey1 "s small   
d[ny fea!rs ( ! eagle1 & "s native m9]al
 pigm5ts--yell[ o*]1 a f]rug9\s black1 &
 a native blue4 ,) ! pigm5ts ! assi/ants
 pa9t$ ! not*$ w&s2 ) ! plumes ! *ant]  
trimm$ !m4 7,see ,fig4 #ea & ,plate     
,,xi47 ,!n !y 7 call$ obol 1 a ^w (     
obscure etymology1 or 9ia1 :i* signifies
 /ick+ up or /&+ erect4 ,!y are call$ 9 
?is pap] plum$ w&s4  #ib4 ,:ile "s 7    
mak+ ! obol  o!rs busi$ !mselves gr9d+1 
betwe5 /ones1 l>ge quantities ( pigm5ts1
 co>s] ?an ^? ref]r$ to above1 to be us$
 9 mak+ ! s& pictures or dry pa9t+s ( ! 
c]emony4 ,!y made five colors3 black1 ( 
*>coal2 :ite1 ( :ite s&/one2 r$1 ( r$   
s&/one2 yell[1 ( yell[ s&/one2 & blue1 (

 ! black & :ite1 mix$ 9 prop]           
proportions2 ( c\rse ?is 0 a gray1 b x 0
 _! only *eap sub/itute = ! c]ulean t9t1
 &1 comb9$ ) ! o!r colors on ! s&$      
floor1 9 ! dim light ( ! lodge1 x c\ld n
 easily be di/+ui%$ f a true blue4 ,x   
may be rem>k$ 9 pass+ t ! ,navajo apply 
to _m ?+s :i* are gray ! t]m !y use =   
blue 7olj72 ?us ! gray fox is call$ m   
-olj 7blue coyote7 & a gray %eep is     
call$ a blue %eep4 ,yet t !y make a     
di/9ction betwe5 ^! colors is1 ,i ?9k1  
fairly evid5t f ! fact t 9 pa9t+ small  
articles1 su* z ke? wns & masks1 !y use 
! m co/ly articles ( turquoise1         
mala*ite1 & indigo4 ,^! co>se pigm5ts = 
! dry pa9t+s 7 put = conv5i5ce on curv$ 
pieces ( pion b>k4 ,f "t to "t1 dur+ ?is
 & ! foll[+ days1 z ! heaps ( color$    
p[d] dim9i%$ "u ! h&s ( ! arti/s1 m     
/ones & *>coal 7 pulv]iz$ to repl5i% !m4
  #ic4 ,ab\t noon !y cle>$ (f t portion 
( ! floor ( ! lodge :i* lay we/ ( !     
fire1 & br\ght1 9 blankets1 a quantity (
 dry s&1 :i* !y spread out ov] ! cle>$  

portion ( ! floor 9 a lay] ( ! ne>ly    
con/ant dep? ( ?ree in*es4 ,!y smoo!d ! 
surface ) ! broad oak5 batt5s us$ 9     
weav+4 ,n[ = a "t all op]ations 7       
susp5d$ 9 ! lodge :ile ! *ant] w5t out  
to plant ! obol 1 or plum$ w&s1 9 front 
( ! m$ic9e lodge1 & to lay beside !m !  
coll>s ( beav] sk9s & ! symbols = w+s   
:i* ! c\ri]s 7 to we> next day4 7,fig4  
#ea47 ,^! articles1 x 0 said1 7 plac$   
outside z a sign to ! gods t ! holy     
pictures 7 be+ drawn2 b x is n          
improbable t !y 7 int5d$ also z a sign  
to un9itiat$ mortals4 ,h[ev] t may be1  
!y 7 tak5 9 z soon z ! picture 0 f9i%$4 
,! great pa9t+ 0 begun ab\t #a o'clock  
p4m41 0 f9i%$ ab\t #c1 & 0 all[$ to     
rema9 until ! c]emonies at night 7      
conclud$4 ,x w be describ$ lat]4        
7,p>agraphs #afj et seq47               
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ea4 ,! obol 1 or  
plum$ w&s1 z se5 f   ! door ( ! m$ic9e  
lodge4  #id4 ,:5 ! picture 0 complet$   
food 0 br\ght 91 & !re 0 a good deal (  
eat+ & sleep+ & smok+ done4 ,be+ in=m$ t

 no?+ m w\ld be done until aft]         
nightfall1 ,i w5t to my own %elt]1 to   
elaborate "s ( my m ha/y sket*es :ile   
matt]s 7 /ill fre% 9 my m9d4 ,at #g     
o'clock a mess5g] came to tell me t     
c]emonies 7 ab\t to be resum$4 ,dur+ my 
abs5ce ! pr9cipal "* 9 ! night's        
p]=mance--a man array$ 9 ev]gre5s--_h   
be5 dress$4  #ie4 ,i f\nd1 on return+ to
 ! lodge1 a numb] ( spectators seat$    
ar\nd close to ! edge ( ! ap>tm5t4 ,!   
fire burn$ 9 ! c5t]4 ,! sick woman1 ) "s
 companions1 sat 9 ! s\?4 ,! qa li1 ) a 
few assi/ants :o jo9$ him 9 s++ & %ak+  
rattles1 0 seat$ at ! nor?1 at ! place  
:]e ! circumf]5ce ( ! lodge 0 enl>g$4   
7,p>agraph #hc47 ,!re 0 a space ab\t two
 feet wide & six feet long betwe5 !m & !
 wall1 or ro( if y *oose s to call x1 ( 
! lodge4 ,i 0 assign$ a place 9 ! we/4  
,! sick woman 0 direct$ to move f !     
position %e occupi$ 9 ! s\?1 & sit1 ) h]
 face to ! ea/1 at ! junction ( ! two   
:ite s]p5ts t cross "o ano!r on !       
picture4 7,plate ,,xv47  #if4 ,:5 %e 0  

seat$ ! qa li began a song1 accompani$  
by ! usual rattl+ & drumm+4 ,at a c]ta9 
"p ( ! song ! *ant] 0 se5 to make a     
slight signal ) 8 drum/ick1 a rapid     
/roke to ! re>1 :5 in/antly a mass (    
animate ev]gre5s--a mov+ tree1 x        
seem$--sprang out f ! space beh9d ! s+]s
 & ru%$ t[>ds ! pati5t4 ,a t]rify+ yell 
f ! spectators greet$ ! app>ition1 :5 ! 
man 9 gre51 act+ z if fright5$ by !     
noise1 retreat$ z quickly z he came1 & 9
 a mom5t no?+ c\ld be se5 9 ! space     
beh9d ! s+]s b ! %ift+ %ad[s ca/ by !   
fire4 ,he 0 s ?or\ghly cov]$ ) spruce   
twigs t no?+ ( 8 =m save 8 toes c\ld be 
di/+ui%$ :5 he ru%$ out 9 ! full gl>e ( 
! fire4 ,?is sc5e 0 repeat$ ?ree times1 
at due int]vals4  #ig4 ,"s "t aft] !    
?ird repetition1 ! *ant] arose1 )\t     
int]rupt+ 8 song1 & proce$$ to erase !  
picture ) 8 rattle4 ,he began ) ! m\nta9
 9 ! we/ 7p>agraph #afb71 :i* he        
completely level$2 next 9 ord] he eras$ 
! track ( ! be>2 next1 ! hole 9 ! c5t]2 
& !n1 "o by "o1 ! v>i\s o!r figures1    

end+ ) ! s]p5ts on ! outside4 ,9 eras+ !
 s]p5ts1 he began ) ! figures 9 ! ea/ & 
foll[$ ! app>5t c\rse ( ! sun1 end+ ) ! 
figures 9 ! nor?4 ,:5 ! picture 0       
completely oblit]at$1 ! s& on :i* x _h  
be5 drawn 0 collect$1 put 9 a blanket1 &
 c>ri$ out ( doors1 to be ?r[n away4    
#ih4 ,!n ! sick woman 0 lift$ by two o!r
 wom5 & laid on h] side :]e ! picture _h
 be51 ) h] face to ! ea/4 ,:ile %e lay  
!re1 ! m$ic9e man1 amid mu* s++1 walk$  
ar\nd h]1 inscrib$ on ! e>? at h] feet a
 /raight l9e ) 8 f+] & eras$ x ) 8 foot1
 inscrib$ at h] head a cross & rubb$ x  
out 9 ! same mann]1 trac$ radiat+ l9es 9
 all directions f h] body & oblit]at$   
!m1 gave h] a light massage1 :i/l$ ov]  
h] f head to foot & all ar\nd h]1 &     
:i/l$ t[>ds ! smoke hole1 z if :i/l+    
some?+ away4 ,^! acts 7 p]=m$ 9 ! ord] 9
 :i* !y are record$4 ,8 la/ op]ation on 
h] 0 a sev]e massage1 9 :i* he knead$ e 
"p ( h] body =cibly & pull$ h] jo9ts    
h>d1 :]eat %e groan$ & made             
demon/rations ( suff]+4 ,?is conclud$1  

%e rose4 ,a blanket 0 spread on ! gr\nd 
on ! nor? ( ! fire1 ne> :]e ! man 9     
ev]gre5s 0 conceal$4 ,at ! la/ appe>ance
 ( ! man 9 ev]gre5s ! woman fell back   
app>5tly p>alyz$ & suff]+ f difficulty (
 brea?+1 all ( :i* 0 probably feign$1 b 
0 suppos$ to be a sign t ! "r rem$y or  
c]emony = h] ailm5t _h be5 f\nd & t none
 o!r ne$ be tri$4 ,! m$ic9e man n[      
proce$$ to re/ore h] to consci\sness by 
draw+ zigzag l9es f h] body ea/ & we/ & 
/raight l9es nor? & s\?1 l _! symbols = 
! *a9 & %eet lightn+s1 by /epp+ ov] h] 9
 diff]5t directions1 & by rattl+4 ,:5 %e
 _h app>5tly recov]$1 he press$ ! plum$ 
w&s & ! symbols = w+s to diff]5t p>ts ( 
h] body1 9 ! ord] & ) ! c]emonies       
describ$ :5 ref]r+ to previ\s           
application made to h] body4  #ii4 ,!re 
7 no m c]emonies t night4 ,i rema9$ 9 ! 
m$ic9e lodge until x 0 q late4 ,! m5    
occupi$ _! "t 9 s++1 rattl+1 gambl+1 &  
smok+4 ,aft] a :ile "s grew we>y & lay  
d[n to sleep4 ,be+ repeat$ly assur$ t   
no?+ m w\ld happ5 until ! :i/le s\nd$ 9 

! morn+1 ,i left ! lodge to roll myself 
9 my blankets4 ,yet frequ5tly dur+ !    
night1 fe>+ ,i might h be5 deceiv$1 ,i  
/eal?ily arose & visit$ ! m$ic9e lodge1 
only to f9d all slumb]+ s\ndly4   #ajj4 
,,six? ,,day4 ,at five 9 ! morn+        
7,saturday1 ,octob] #be7 ! :i/le s\nd$ &
 ,i ha/5$ to ! m$ic9e lodge4 ,!re 0 mu* 
to be done2 ! c\ri]s 7 to be dress$ &   
s5t on _! way1 & a l>ge picture 0 to be 
pa9t$2 s ! "w _h to beg9 e>ly4          
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eb4 ,akn9ili ready
 = ! j\rney4  #aja4 ,! fir/ ?+ done 0 to
 burn to *>coal ! bundle ( plants :i* _h
 be5 ga!r$ on ! previ\s morn+ & hung ov]
 ! door ( ! lodge inside4 7,p>agraph    
#ij47 ,! *>coal 0 us$ 9 pa9t+ ! limbs ( 
! akn9ilis or c\ri]s4 ,a bas9 ( wat]    
conta9+ soap root or amol 7! root (     
,yucca baccata1 & o!r species ( yucca7 0
 br\ght 91 & aft] ! m$ic9e man _h dabb$ 
!m ) a little ( ! suds ! akn9ilis-elect 
wa%$ !mselves ) x f head to foot1 clean+
 _! hair well4 ,:5 ! ba? 0 done1 !y 7   
dabb$ by ! qa li ) "s o!r mixture       

conta9$ 9 a wat]pro( wick] bas9 & 7 made
 to inhale ! fragrant fumes ( "s        
vegetable p[d] scatt]$ on a live coal1  
:i*1 z usual1 0 put out1 9 a d\ble s5se1
 :5 ! fumigation 0 ov]4 ,!n ! "y m5 7   
dress$ & adorn$ to look l ,dsilyi ,neyni
 aft] 8 toilet 9 ! h\se ( ! butt]flies4 
7,p>agraph #dd47 ,_! legs & =e>ms 7     
pa9t$ black1 to repres5t ! /orm cl\d4 ,!
 out] aspects ( ^! memb]s 7 decorat$ )  
:ite zigzag /reaks1 to indicate ! :ite  
lightn+4 ,_! faces 7 pa9t$ p>tly :ite & 
small :ite spots 7 scatt]$ ov] _!       
bodies4 ,d[ny eagle fea!rs 7 fa/5$ to _!
 hair2 necklaces ( %ell & coral 7 hung  
ar\nd _! necks1 & ov] ^! 7 laid coll>s (
 beav] sk91 ) :i/les atta*$1 :i* _h la9 
9 front ( ! lodge ! day be=e1 ne> !     
plum$ w&s4 7,p>agraph #ic1 ,fig4 #ea47  
,small objects to repres5t w+s 7 ti$ to 
_! arms4 ,ea* 0 giv5 "o ( ! fawn sk9    
bags 7p>agraph #ij7 ) corn meal 9 x4 ,9 
! h& ( ! akn9ili :o 0 to g to ! s\? 0   
plac$ "o ( ! obol 1 or plum$ w&s1 ^: /em
 0 pa9t$ black1 ! color ( ! nor?1 z a   

sign to all he might meet t he 0 a duly 
au?oriz$ mess5g] f a m$ic9e lodge 9 !   
nor?4 ,9 ! h& ( ! o!r akn9ili 0 plac$ a 
blue %aft$ w&1 to %[ t he came f ! s\?4 
,?us equipp$ !y 7 all ready = ! j\rney4 
7,fig4 #eb47  #ajb4 ,! *ant] gave !m 8  
messages1 tell+ !m :]e to g1 :at places 
!y 7 to visit1 :at o!r *ant]s !y 7 to   
see1 :at danc]s !y 7 to invite1 & :at   
gifts !y 7 au?oriz$ to (f] to ! visit+  
p]=m]s = _! tr\ble4 ,hav+ giv5 ^!       
special in/ructions1 he clos$ ) ! g5]al 
in/ructions1 :i* are always giv5 to !   
akn9ili1 z foll[s3  ,^! po9t+ to ! eagle
 fea!rs on ! head w make = y a means (  
ris+ z y progress4  ,^! po9t+ to ! w+   
symbols on ! arm w be> y onw>d4  ,?is   
po9t+ to ! coll> ( beav] sk9 w be a     
means ( recognition = y4 ,= ?is reason x
 hangs ar\nd y\r neck4  ,spr9kle meal   
across a little valley1 across a big    
arroyo4  ,across ! roots ( a tree       
spr9kle meal & !n y may /ep ov]4        
,spr9kle meal across a flat rock4  ,!n !
 plum$ w&4 ,= ?is purpose y c>ry x1 t !y

 w recognize y z com+ f a holy place4   
#ajc4 ,! akn9ili on 8 j\rney scatt]s    
meal be=e him z direct$ 9 ^! *>ges4 ,he 
also scatt]s x on ! m$ic9e m5 :om he    
visits1 & = ?is reason he is call$      
akn9ili1 :i* signifies meal spr9kl]4    
#ajd4 ,:5 ! la/ ^w ( ! in/ructions 0    
utt]$1 ! c\ri]s dep>t$1 "o to ! nor? &  
"o to ! s\?4 ,x 0 n lat] ?an #g o'clock 
:5 !y left4 ,z soon z !y 7 gone1 ! "w ( 
pa9t+ ! picture appropriate to ! day 0  
begun4 ,x 0 mu* m elaborate ?an ! pa9t+ 
( ! previ\s day4 ,al?\gh a doz5 m5 work$
 on x1 x 0 n f9i%$ until two o'clock4   
,ab\t ! "t x 0 done1 ! akn9ili f ! s\?  
return$4 ,he 0 c>efully dive/$ ( all 8  
ornam5ts4 ,! :ite pa9t 0 scrap$ c>efully
 f 8 body & pres]v$ 9 ! m$ic9e bags ( ^?
 :o scrap$ x (f4 ,!n he 0 l$ out ( !    
lodge4  #aje4 ,:5 ! picture 0 f9i%$1 !  
%aman1 hav+ appli$ poll5 9 ?ree places  
to ea* god1 /uck ar\nd x 9 ! gr\nd1 at  
regul> int]vals1 ! ?ree plum$ w&s :i* _h
 /ood be=e ! door ( ! lodge all day & ! 
w& :i* ! akn9ili f ! s\? _h j br\ght    

back ) him4 ,?is w& he plac$ at ! s\? ( 
! picture1 & laid beside x ! coll>1 w+s1
 & plumes :i* ! akn9ili _h worn4 ,!     
fif?1 or nor?1 w& 0 /ill abs5t ) ! c\ri]
 :o w5t to ! nor?4  #ajf4 ,all 0 ready  
n[ = ! treatm5t ( ! sick woman4 ,%e 0   
s5t =1 & a cri] w5t to ! door ( ! lodge 
to ann\nce t song & c]emony 7 to beg94  
,accompani$ by ano!r woman1 %e ent]$1   
c>ry+ a basket ) corn meal 9 x4 ,?is %e 
spr9kl$ lightly ov] ! picture & !n h&$ x
 to "s ( ! assi/ants1 :o f9i%$ ! "w %e  
_h begun by /rew+ ! meal pl5tifully on !
 figures4 ,%e sat on ! =m ( ! god 9 !   
ea/1 fac+ ! door1 ) h] feet ext5d$1 & h]
 companion sat on ! figure ( ! corn/alk 
9 ! s\!a/4 7,plate ,,xvi47 ,9 ! mean "t 
! m$ic9e man _h made a cold infusion 9  
an e>!n b[l & plac$ x on ! h&s ( ! ra9b[
 figure 7p>agraph #afi71 lay+ ov] x a   
bru% or spr9kl] made ( fea!rs1 ) a h&le 
( color$ y>n4 ,:5 ! wom5 7 seat$1 !     
*ant] dipp$ 8 bru% 9 ! solution2 spr9kl$
 ! picture pl5tifully2 t\*$ ea* div9e   
figure ) ! moi/5$ bru% 9 ?ree           

places-br[1 m\?1 & *e/2 adm9i/]$ !      
infusion to ! wom51 9 two alt]nate      
draughts to ea*2 dra9$ ! b[l himself2 & 
h&$ x to ! by/&]s1 t !y might f9i% !    
dregs & let none ( ! preci\s /uff g to  
wa/e4 ,next came ! fumigation4 ,! woman 
:om we h designat$ z ! companion rose f 
h] seat on ! picture & sat on ! gr\nd   
beside ! door4 ,! pr9cipal pati5t reta9$
 h] seat on ! ea/]n god4 ,ne> ea* a live
 coal 0 laid on ! gr\nd4 ,on ! coal a   
/rong sc5t$ b r fragrant mixture 0 ?r[n1
 & z ! fumes arose ! wom5 wav$ !m t[>ds 
_! faces & brea!d !m 9 z be=e4 ,! coal 0
 ext+ui%$ & c>efully remov$1 z on       
previ\s occasions4 ,! application ( !   
sacr$ du/ to ! body ( ! pati5t foll[$4  
,! %aman moi/5$ 8 h&s ) saliva & press$ 
!m to ! feet ( all ! gods4 ,"s ( ! p[d]1
 ( c\rse1 /uck to 8 palms4 ,?is he      
appli$ to ! feet ( ! pati5t4 ,?us he    
took du/ f ! knees1 abdom5s1 *e/s1      
%\ld]s1 & heads ( ! figures & appli$ x  
to correspond+ p>ts ( ! pati5t's =m1    
mak+ a /rong massage ) ea* application4 

#ajg4 ,:5 ! pati5t _h dep>t$ _m ( !     
spectators advanc$ to ! picture & ga!r$ 
! corn poll5 7p>agraphs #aje & #aab71 n[
 r5d]$ d\bly sacr$1 & put x 9 _! m$ic9e 
bags4 ,"s took portions ( ! rema9+ du/ f
 ! figures1 aft] ! mann] ( ! %aman1 &   
appli$ x to ail+ portions ( _! p]sons4  
,if ! devotee _h disease 9 8 legs1 he   
took du/ f ! legs ( ! figures2 if 9 8   
head1 ! du/ 0 tak5 f ! heads ( !        
figures1 & s on4  #ajh4 ,by ! "t !y 7   
all done ! picture 0 badly m>r$2 yet its
 g5]al =m & "s ( ! details 7 q          
di/+ui%able4 ,!n x became ! prov9ce ( ! 
*ant] to completely oblit]ate x4 ,he    
began ) ! :ite god 9 ! ea/ & took 9 turn
 ! figures 9 ! s\!a/ 7corn71 s\?1       
s\?we/1 we/1 c5t]1 nor?we/1 nor?1 &     
nor!a/4 ,next1 ! figure ( ! ra9b[ 0     
eras$ f foot to head1 &1 on 8 way1 !    
*ant] knock$ d[n1 ) r vici\s bl[s1 !    
plum$ w&s :i* /ood up ar\nd ! picture4  
,:5 he came to ! r\nd figure 9 ! c5t] he
 dug up a cup :i* _h be5 buri$ !re4 ,he 
eras$ ! picture ) a long sl5d] w& & sang

 9 ! meantime1 to ! accompanim5t ( !    
rattl+ ( 8 assi/ants1 a pla9tive *ant 9 
a m9or key1 :i* 0 p]haps ! mo/ melodi\s 
,indian song ,i ev] he>d4 ,all 0 ov] at 
half pa/ #b 9 ! aft]noon4  #aji4 ,lat] 9
 ! day x 0 ann\nc$ t ! o!r akn9ili 0    
approa*+ f ! nor?4 ,he c\ld !n be obs]v$
 ab\t a mile away 9 an op5 pla94 ,z he  
advanc$ ! s\nd ( 8 :i/le 0 he>d4 ,at    
exactly half pa/ #d he ent]$ ! m$ic9e   
lodge1 :]e ! *ant] motion$ him to a seat
 9 ! s\?4 ,s++ & rattl+ 7 at once begun 
& ! akn9ili 0 dive/$ ( 8 trapp+s 9 !    
foll[+ ord]3 head plumes1 beav] coll>1  
necklace1 "r w+1 left w+1 belt1 sa%1    
moccas9s4 ,! :ite pa9t 0 remov$ &       
pres]v$ z on ! =m] occasion4 ,he 0 l$   
out ( ! lodge1 :]e he 0 well wa%$ f head
 to foot 9 a hot decoction ( ! det]g5t  
amol & dri$ ) corn meal4 ,two l>ge blood
 bli/]s 7 to be se5 on ! inn] aspects ( 
8 ?ighs1 br\ght on by ! friction ( 8    
bree*clo? 9 runn+4 ,he said t he _h run 
con/antly :5 n 9 sight f our camp1 _h   
travel$ a long way s9ce morn+1 & 0 v    

tir$4 ,x seems to be ! cu/om ) !        
akn9ilis to walk sl[ly :5 ne> camp & to 
run :5 out ( sight1 probably to foll[ ! 
my?ic examples ( ,tl esni & ,indsisk 4  
7,p>agraph #fc47  #aaj4 ,) ! toilet ( ! 
akn9ili ! c]emonies ( ! day end$4 ,he   
return$ to ! lodge to relate 8 adv5tures
 & get "s food4 ,dur+ ! day visitors    
arriv$ occasionally f di/ant camps4 ,9 !
 aft]noon !re 7 sev]al "y m5 pres5t1 :o 
busi$ !mselves 9 grubb+ & cle>+ ! gr\nd 
:]e ! corral 0 to be built & ! great    
dance ( ! la/ night 0 to be held4 ,i    
rema9$ 9 ! lodge until x 0 q late1 & ,i 
frequ5tly rose dur+ ! night to see if   
any?+ 0 go+ on2 b ! night pass$ )\t     
ev5t1 l ! previ\s "o4   #aaa4 ,,sev5?   
,,day4 ,! pa9t+ ( ! picture & ! treatm5t
 ( ! sick woman 7 ! only works p]=m$ on 
?is day 7,sunday1 ,octob] #bf74 ,! :i/le
 s\nd$ f ! lodge at #f a4m41 b already !
 plum$ w&s & ! beav] coll>s _h be5 plac$
 be=e ! door ( ! m$ic9e lodge & ! s& = !
 gr\ndwork ( ! picture _h be5 br\ght 94 
,z ! picture 7,plate ,,xvii7 0 to be    

l>g] ?an ^? :i* prec$$ x1 ! fire 0 mov$ 
q ne> to ! door2 ! heat$ e>? :i* lay "u 
! fire 9 its =m] position 0 dug up &    
replac$ ) cold e>?1 probably = ! com=t (
 ! arti/s4  #aab4 ,! "w ( ! pa9t]s 0    
begun soon aft] #f a4m4 & 0 n complet$  
until ab\t #b p4m4 ,ab\t a doz5 m5 7    
engag$ on x1 & x occupi$ !m1 z we h se51
 ab\t eight h\rs4 ,z usual1 ! qa li did 
v little ( ! manual labor2 b he         
con/antly wat*$ ! "w & frequ5tly        
criticis$ & correct$ x4 ,:5 ! pa9t+ 0   
done1 x became 8 duty to apply ! sacr$  
corn poll5 to ! br[1 m\?1 & *e/ ( ea* ( 
! gods & to set up ! b\nd+ obol  or     
plum$ w&s4 ,aft] ?is he plac$ a b[l (   
wat] on ! left h& ( ! :ite god--! =m    
second f ! nor?--?rew into x "s p[d]$   
sub/ance to make a cold decoction1 &    
laid ! spr9kl] on top ( x4 7,p>agraph   
#ajf47  #aac4 ,! :i/le 0 bl[n4 ,! h]ald 
ann\nc$ t all 0 ready4 ,! sick woman &  
h] companion ent]$1 & "o aft] ! o!r ca/ 
meal ^u ! floor4 ,! =m] took (f h]      
moccas9s & sat on ! gr\nd ne> ! door    

:ile a song 0 sung4 ,!n %e sat on ! =m (
 ! :ite god1 h] companion sat on ! =m ( 
! blue god1 & ! s++ & rattl+ 7 resum$4  
,)\t int]rupt+ 8 song ! *ant] spr9kl$ ! 
picture ) ! infusion1 appli$ ! moi/5$   
spr9kl] to ! brea/1 head1 & br[ ( ea* ( 
! gods 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 :ite1 blue1     
yell[1 black1 & sat d[n to f9i% 8 *ant4 
,he adm9i/]$ ! decoctions to 8 pati5t 9 
two draughts1 to h] companion 9 two     
draughts1 to himself 7hone/ physician67 
9 ! same mann]1 & gave z be=e 7p>agraph 
#ajf7 ! dregs to ! by/&]s4 ,he appli$ ! 
du/ f diff]5t p>ts ( ! div9e figures to 
! sick woman1 9 mu* ! same mann] z on ! 
previ\s day1 & :ile do+ ?is he oblit]at$
 ! pictures ( ! little animals ov] !    
head ( ! :ite god4 ,! fumigation ( bo?  
wom5 0 repeat$ ) exactly ! same rites z 
on ! second day1 & ! fumes _h precisely 
! same odor on ?is occasion z on t4 ,:5 
! coals 7 ext+ui%$ & tak5 out1 ! *ant]  
said to ! wom51 ka 7n[71 :]eat !y arose 
& left ! lodge4  #aad4 ,z soon z !y 7   
gone ! "w ( oblit]ation began4 ,!       

figures ( ! gods 7 rubb$ out 9 ! usual  
ord] 7:ite1 blue1 yell[1 black1 ra9b[71 
! erasure 9 ea* case proce$+ f foot to  
head4 ,! plum$ w&s fell z be=e1         
simultane\sly ) ! de/ruction ( ! ra9b[4 
,! s& 0 c>ri$ out at half pa/ #b o'clock
 & no fur!r rites 7 p]=m$ dur+ ! day4   
#aae4 ,,eigh? ,,day4 ,! picture pa9t$ on
 ,monday 7,octob] #bg7 0 ( a simple "*1 
& h5ce did n occupy mu* "t4 ,! "w 0     
begun at #g a4m4 & 0 f9i%$ at #aj a4m4  
,( ! f\r %ort] or int]ior arr[s 7,plate 
,,xviii71 t :i* /&s second f ! nor? 0   
reg>d$ z ! arr[ ( ! ea/ & 0 begun fir/4 
,on ?is arr[ ! sick woman 0 plac$1 sitt+
 ) h] face to ! ea/1 :5 %e came to be   
treat$ & fumigat$4 ,! b[l ( infusion 0  
laid on ! po9t ( ! arr[ imm$iately to h]
 left1 reg>d$ z ! arr[ ( ! nor?4 ,!     
m$ic9e man put ! poll5 on ! base1 on !  
r$ cross l9es ne> ! c5t]1 & on ! :ite   
tips4 ,all ! c]emonies :i* took place   
betwe5 ! completion & ! oblit]ation ( ! 
picture 7! plant+ ( ! five plum$ w&s1 ! 
spr9kl+ ( ! picture ) meal1 ! spr9kl+ & 

adm9i/ration ( ! infusion1 ! application
 ( ! color$ du/ to ! p]son ( ! pati5t1 !
 fumigation ( ! two wom51 ! :i/l+1 !    
s++1 & rattl+7 7 ess5tially ! same z ^? 
obs]v$ on ! previ\s day4 ,9 tak+ ! du/ f
 ! picture1 h[ev]1 ! %aman appli$ 8 h&s 
only to ! bases ( ! arr[s4 ,! c]emony ( 
oblit]ation 0 also a repetition ( !     
rites ( ! previ\s day4    ,illu/ration3 
,,fig4 #ec4 ,! great wood pile4  #aaf4  
,! build+ ( ! great /ack ( wood 7,fig4  
#ec7 :i* 0 to furni% ! fire 9 ! c5t] ( !
 corral on ! la/ night w5t on           
simultane\sly ) ! pa9t+ ( ! picture4    
,bo? tasks 7 begun & end$ ab\t ! same   
"t4 ,! wood 9 ! big pile 0 dead1 long   
season$ junip] & c$>1 fuel ( ! mo/      
inflammable "*4 ,! pile 0 ab\t twelve   
feet high & sixty paces 9 circumf]5ce4  
,l>ge quantities ( ?is dry wood 7 also  
br\ght & plac$ outside ! space allott$  
to ! corral1 to repl5i% ! fires :5 ne$$4
  #aag4 ,9 ! aft]noon !re 7 no c]emonies
 9 ! m$ic9e lodge4 ,! qa li & 8         
assi/ants took a half holiday1 & n )\t  

des]v+ x1 = !y _h wr\ght well = ?ree    
days & !y _h a long day's "w & a long   
night's "w /ill be=e !m4 ,a l>ge numb] (
 p _h by ?is "t assembl$1 & f "t to "t m
 arriv$4 ,?r\gh\t ! sp>se grove :i*     
surr\nd$ u1 little tempor>y corrals &   
huts ( b\ghs 7 go+ up 9 e direction4 ,9 
m secret spots 9 ! rugg$ walls ( a caon1
 ab\t half a mile f ! m$ic9e lodge1 o!r 
%elt]s 7 erect$1 :]e visit+ p]=m]s 7 to 
prep>e !mselves on ! la/ night4 ,_m "y  
m5 7 busy 9 ! aft]noon cutt+ d[n ! trees
 & lopp+ (f ! bran*es :i* 7 to =m !     
great corral 7! ilnsj91 ! d>k circle (  
bran*es7 on ! next day4 ,"s ( ! visit+  
wom5 7 busy gr9d+ meal & att5d+ to      
diff]5t h\sehold duties2 o!rs play$ c>ds
 or engag$ 9 ! m aborig9al pa/ime (     
zilil1 a game play$ ) ?ree /icks & =ty  
/ones1 ! latt] = c\nt]s4  #aah4 ,!      
fri5ds ( ! sick woman prep>$ ! alk n1 a 
great corn cake bak$ 9 ! e>?1 !         
manufacture ( :i* gave evid5ce ( !      
antiquity ( ! process4 ,! batt] 0 mix$ 9
 "o l>ge hole 9 ! gr\nd l9$ ) fre%      

%eepsk94 ,x 0 bak$ 9 ano!r hole 9 :i* a 
fire _h be5 burn+ = _m h\rs1 until !    
surr\nd+ e>? 0 well heat$4 ,! fire 0    
remov$2 ! hole l9$ ) corn husks2 ! batt]
 ladl$ 9 & cov]$ ) m cornhusks2 hot e>? 
& hot coals 7 spread ov]all4 ,! cake 0 n
 dug up until ! foll[+ day1 & 0 design$ 
*iefly = ! special ent]ta9m5t ( ^? :o 7 
at "w 9 ! m$ic9e lodge4   #aai4 ,,n9?   
,,day 7,,until ,,sunset74 ,on ,tuesday  
7,octob] #bh7 ! "w 9 ! lodge consi/$ 9  
prep>+ c]ta9 prop]ties to be us$ 9 !    
c]emonies ( ! night4 ,^! 7 ! w&s to be  
us$ 9 ! fir/ dance1 ! ktso-yis n or     
great plum$ arr[s1 & ! trees :i* !      
danc]s pret5d$ to swall[4  #abj4 ,! w& (
 ! nahik  0 made by p>+ d[n a /raight   
sl5d] /ick ( aromatic sumac1 ab\t ?ree  
feet long1 to ! g5]al ?ickness ( less   
?an half an in*1 b leav+ a head or      
button at "o end4 ,a r+ 0 fa%ion$ f a   
transv]se slice ( "s holl[ or pi?y      
plant1 s t x w\ld slide freely up & d[n 
! sl5d] w&1 b w\ld nob pass ov] ! head4 
,eagle d[n 0 secur$ to ! wood5 head &   

also to ! r+4 ,9 ! dance 7p>agraph #abi7
 ! eagle d[n on ! /ick is burn$ (f 9 !  
fire :ile ! r+ is held 9 ! palm ( ! h&4 
,:5 ! "t comes = ! w& to gr[ :ite aga91 
z ! "n nahik  expresses x1 ! r+ is all[$
 to leave ! palm & slide to ! o!r end ( 
! /ick4  #aba4 ,! great plum$ arr[s 7   
deceptions some:at simil> 9 "* to ! w&s4
 ,"o-half ( ! arr[ 0 made ( a sl5d] h>d 
twig ( cliff rose2 ! o!r half 0 =m$ ( "s
 pi?y suffruticose h]b :i* ,i c\ld n    
det]m9e satisfactorily1 z ,i saw only ! 
cut sections & 0 n p]mitt$ to h&le ^!4  
,! pi? 0 remov$ s z to all[ ! wood5 "p  
to move into ! h]by "p ) a telescopic   
me*anism4 ,! h]bace\s portion 0 s cov]$ 
) fea!rs t no?+ c\ld be se5 ( its       
surface4 ,a l>ge /one arr[head 0 atta*$ 
to ! wood5 %aft4 ,:5 ! actor pret5d$ to 
swall[ ?is he m]ely held ! /one po9t    
firmly betwe5 8 tee? & =c$ ! upp] or    
plum$ %aft d[n on ! l[] or wood5 %aft4  
,x 0 an excell5t deception1 & pres5t$ to
 ! ord9>y obs]v] all ! appe>ance ( g5u9e
 arr[ swall[+4  #abb4 ,! pion sapl+s1   

:i* ! danc]s also pret5d$ to swall[1 _h 
no deceptive arrangem5t4 ,!y 7 sl5d]    
little trees trimm$ at ! butt into a    
broad1 ?91 w$ge %ap$ po9t1 :i* 0        
c>efully smoo!d by rubb+ x ) s&/one1 s t
 no (f5sive spl9t]s %\ld pres5t !mselves
 to ! lips ( ! danc]s4 ,! smoo? end 0   
pa9t$ r$1 probably to make ! spectators1
 at night1 by ! unc]ta9 firelight1      
suppose t ! dissembl]s _h torn _! ?roats
 9 _! great ef=ts4 ,sometimes ! sapl+s h
 all _! bran*es remov$1 & are !n trimm$ 
) cross pieces & circles ( ev]gre5      
sprays4 ,9 mo/ cases1 h[ev]1 ,i h se5 ! 
sapl+ us$ 9 its natural condition4      
#abc4 ,z ea* set ( implem5ts 0 complet$ 
!re 0 a c]emony ) s++ & rattl+1 ! m5 :o 
7 to use !m at night p>took ( p[d]$     
m$ic9es on _! ext5d$ tongues1 f ! h&s ( 
! *ant]1 & !n practic$ !mselves 9 ! use 
( ! implem5ts4 ,al?\gh !y well knew !   
deceptive nature ( ^! articles & fully  
und]/ood ! frauds !y 7 prep>+ to        
p]petrate on ! public1 ^! "y m5 seem$ to
 view ! :ole "w ) high rev]5ce & treat x

 ) ! greate/ s]i\sness4 ,= in/ance1 :51 
9 ! secrecy ( ! lodge1 !y w5t ?r\gh !   
motions ( swall[+ ! trees !y %[$        
indubitable signs ( fe>3 all look$      
anxi\s1 "s trembl$ q p]ceptibly1 & "o   
look$ z pale z a live ,indian c look4   
,!y probably dread$ ! displeasure ( !   
gods if all 7 n done well4   #abd4 ,,la/
 ,,night4 ,j aft] sunset ! old *ant]    
po/$ himself "s paces to ! ea/ ( ! great
 woodpile1 on ! spot :]e ! gate ( !     
corral 0 to be1 & began a song4         
,simultane\s ) ! beg9n+ ( ! song 0 !    
comm5cem5t ( ! build+ ( ! d>k circle4   
,all ! "y & middleag$ m5 9 camp assi/$4 
,!y dragg$ ! bran*es f :]e !y _h be5 cut
 d[n 9 ! neighbor+ woods & put !m 9     
position 9 ! circle ) great cel]ity4 ,! 
"w 0 all done 9 less ?an an h\r1 dur+   
:i* "t ! *ant] ceas$ n = an in/ant 8    
song & rattle4 ,:5 ! f5ce 0 f9i%$ to 8  
satisfaction he /opp$ 8 song & ! labors 
( ! workm5 ceas$ ) ! s\nd4 ,:5 f9i%$ !  
corral av]ag$ ab\t =ty paces 9 diamet]1 
& ! f5ce 0 ab\t eight feet high1 ) an   

op5+ left 9 ! ea/ ab\t t5 feet wide4    
#abe4 ,! mom5t ! d>k circle ( bran*es 0 
f9i%$ x inclos$ sacr$ gr\nd4 ,any dog :o
 d>$ to ent] 0 *as$ out ) %\ts &        
missiles4 ,! man or woman :o came mu/1  
on ! fir/ occasion1 pass ar\nd to !     
left1 i4e41 to ! s\? ( ! great woodpile4
 ,no "o 0 all[$ to peep ?r\gh ! f5ce or 
look ov] ! edge ( if to witness !       
c]emonies4 ,t "p ( ! auditorium 0 res]v$
 = ! spirits ( ! be>s & o!r ance/ral    
animal gods4 ,no horse might be l$ into 
! inclosure until aft] sunrise next     
morn+1 :5 ! f5ce 0 raz$ & all became    
common soil once m4  #abf4 ,:5 ! night  
began to fall _m ( ! visitors mov$ all  
_! goods into ! corral & light$ !re a   
numb] ( small fires close to ! f5ce1    
tempor>ily ab&on+ _! huts & %elt]s      
outside4 ,^? :o did n move 9 left wat*]s
 to protect _! prop]ty2 = !re are ?ieves
 among ! ,navajo4 ,! woods ar\nd !      
corral 7 light$ up 9 v>i\s directions by
 ! fires ( ^? :o _h n tak5 _! prop]ty   
into ! great inclosure & ( p>ties :o 7  

practic+ dances & %[s ( an exot]ic "*4  
#abg4 ,! nocturnal p]=mances ( ?is ev5+ 
7,tuesday1 ,octob] #bh1 #ahhd7 7 z meag]
 z any ,i h se5 )9 ! d>k circle (       
bran*es4 ,! be/ %[ ,i ev] witness$ 9 !  
circle 0 "o :i* took place at ,keam's   
,caon1 ,arizona1 on ! #e? ( ,novemb]1   
#ahhb4 ,= ?is reason ,i w make ! notes  
tak5 on ! latt] occasion ! basis ( my   
description ( ! corral dance1 add+ z ,i 
proce$ su* comm5ts z may be ju/ifi$ by  
subsequ5t obs]vation & in=mation4  #abh4
 ,at #h o'clock a b& ( musicians :i* ,i 
w call ! or*e/ra ent]$1 sat d[n beside  
"o ( ! small fires 9 ! we/1 & began to  
make v>i\s vocal & in/rum5tal noises ( a
 musical "*1 :i* cont9u$ ) sc>cely any  
int]ruption until ! close ( ! dance 9 ! 
morn+4 ,at ! mom5t ! music began ! great
 c5tral fire 0 light$1 & ! conflagration
 spread s rapidly ?r\gh ! entire pile t 
9 a few mom5ts x 0 envelop$ 9 great     
flames4 ,a /orm ( sp>ks flew upw>d to ! 
height ( a hundr$ feet or m1 & ! desc5d+
 a%es fell 9 ! corral l a light %[] (   

sn[4 ,! heat 0 soon s int5se t 9 !      
remote/ p>ts ( ! inclosure x 0 necess>y 
= "o to scre5 8 face :5 he look$ t[>ds !
 fire4 ,& n[ all 0 ready to te/ !       
endurance ( ! danc]s :o mu/ expose1 or  
seem to expose 7p>agraph #adi71 _! nak$ 
brea/s to ! torrid gl[4    ,illu/ration3
   ,bureau ( ,e?nology   ,fif? ,annual  
,report ,pl4 ,,xii   ,,dance ,,(        
,,nahik4  #abi4 ,fir/ dance 7,plate     
,,xii74 ,:5 ! fire gave out its mo/     
int5se heat1 a w>n+ :i/le 0 he>d 9 !    
out] d>kness1 & a doz5 =ms1 li! & lean1 
dress$ only 9 ! n>r[ :ite bree*clo? &   
moccas9s1 & daub$ ) :ite e>? until !y   
seem$ a gr\p ( liv+ m>bles1 came b\nd+  
?r\gh ! entrance1 yelp+ l wolves & sl[ly
 mov+ ar\nd ! fire4 ,z !y advanc$ 9 s+le
 file !y ?rew _! bodies into div]s      
attitudes--"s graceful1 "s /ra9$ &      
difficult1 "s m5ac+4 ,n[ !y fac$ ! ea/1 
n[ ! s\?1 ! we/1 ! nor?1 be>+ al(t _!   
sl5d] w&s tipp$ ) eagle d[n1 hold+ &    
wav+ !m ) surpris+ effects4 ,_! c\rse   
ar\nd ! fire 0 to ! left1 i4e41 f ! ea/ 

to ! we/1 by way ( ! s\?1 & back aga9 to
 ! ea/ by way ( ! nor?1 a c\rse tak5 by 
all ! danc]s ( ! night1 ! ord] nev] be+ 
rev]s$4 ,:5 !y _h encircl$ ! fire twice 
!y began to ?ru/ _! w&s t[>d x1 & x soon
 became evid5t t _! object 0 to burn (f 
! tips ( eagle d[n2 b ow+ to ! int5sity 
( ! heat x 0 difficult to accompli% ?is1
 or at lea/ !y act$ well ! "p ( /riv+   
aga9/ su* difficulty4 ,"o w\ld da%      
wildly t[>ds ! fire & retreat2 ano!r    
w\ld lie z close to ! gr\nd z a fright5$
 liz>d & endeavor to wriggle himself up 
to ! fire2 o!rs s\ght to cat* on _! w&s 
! sp>ks fly+ 9 ! air4 ,"o approa*$ !    
flam+ mass1 sudd5ly ?rew himself on 8   
back ) 8 head to ! fire1 & swiftly ?ru/ 
8 w& into ! flames4 ,_m 7 ! unsuccessful
 attempts2 b1 at l5g?1 "o by "o1 !y all 
succe$$ 9 burn+ ! d[ny balls f ! ends ( 
_! w&s4 ,z ea* accompli%$ ?is feat x    
became 8 next duty to re/ore ! ball (   
d[n4 ,! me*anism ( ?is trick has be5    
describ$ 7p>agraph #abj71 b ! danc]     
feign$ to produce ! wond]ful result by  

m]ely wav+ 8 w& up & d[n z he cont9u$ to
 run ar\nd ! fire4 ,:5 he succe$$ he    
held 8 w& up 9 triumph1 yelp$1 & ru%$   
out ( ! corral4 ,! la/ man pret5d$ to h 
great difficulty 9 re/or+ ! d[n4 ,:5 at 
la/ he gave 8 triumphant yell & dep>t$ x
 0 t5 m9utes to #i4 ,! dance _h la/$    
tw5ty m9utes4  #acj4 ,9 o!r repetitions 
( ?is c]emony ! writ] has witness$ m (  
burlesque ?an on ?is occasion4          
,sometimes ! p]=m]s h worn imm5se false 
mu/a*es1 exagg]at$ imitations (         
spectacles & ( o!r belong+s ( _! :ite   
neighbors4 ,sometimes ! dance has assum$
 a "* :i* w n be describ$ 9 ?is place   
7p>agraph #adf74 ,x is call$ nahik      
-alil4 ,! =m] ^w signifies x becomes    
:ite aga9 & ref]s to ! reappe>ance ( !  
eagle d[n4 ,! %[ is said to h be5       
introduc$ among ! ,navajo at ! great    
corral dance m5tion$ 9 ! my? 7p>agraphs 
#fi-gb7 by a tribe f ! s\? nam$ ildjhe4 
,x is no ess5tial "p ( ! rites ( ! d>k  
circle1 yet ,i h nev] kn[n x to be      
omitt$1 probably because x is a mo/     

suitable dance = ! "t :5 ! fire is !    
hotte/4    ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ed4    
,danc] hold+ up ! great plum$ arr[4     
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ee4 ,danc] swall[+
 ! great plum$ arr[4  #aca4 ,second     
dance4 ,aft] an int]val ( ?ree-qu>t]s ( 
an h\r1 ! dance ( ! ktso-yis n1 ! great 
plum$ arr[1 ! pot5t heal+ c]emony ( !   
night1 began4 ,!re 7 b two p]=m]s4 ,!y 7
 dress$ & array$ mu* l ! akn9ili1 b !y  
bore no meal bags1 wore no beav] coll>s1
 & ! p>ts ( _! bodies t 7 n pa9t$       
black--legs & =e>ms--7 daub$ ) :ite e>?4
 ,in/ead ( ! w& ( ! akn9ili1 ea* bore 9 
8 h& "o ( ! great plum$ arr[s4 ,:ile !y 
7 mak+ ! usual circuits ar\nd ! fire1 ! 
pati5t 7a man on ?is occasion7 0 plac$  
sitt+ on a buffalo robe 9 front ( !     
or*e/ra4 ,!y halt$ be=e ! pati5t2 ea*   
danc] seiz$ 8 arr[ betwe5 8 ?umb & =ef+]
 ab\t eight in*es f ! tip1 held ! arr[  
up to view1 giv+ a coyote-l yelp1 z if  
to say1 ,s f> w ,i swall[ x 7,fig4 #ed71
 & !n appe>$ to ?ru/ ! arr[1 sl[ly &    
pa9fully1 d[n 8 ?roat 7,fig4 #ee7 z f> z

 indicat$4 ,:ile ! arr[s seem$ /ill to  
be /uck 9 _! ?roats1 !y danc$ a *ass1 "r
 & left1 ) %ort1 %uffl+ /eps4 ,!n !y    
)drew ! arr[s1 & held !m up to view z   
be=e1 ) triumphant yelps1 z if to say1  
,s f> h ,i swall[$ x4 ,sympa?iz]s 9 !   
audi5ce yelp$ 9 response4 ,! next ?+ to 
be done 0 to apply ! arr[s4 ,"o ( !     
danc]s advanc$ to ! pati5t1 & to ! soles
 ( ! feet ( ! latt] he press$ ! magic   
weapon ) its po9t to ! "r1 & aga9 ) its 
po9t to ! left4 ,9 a simil> mann] he    
treat$ ! knees1 h&s1 abdom51 back1      
%\ld]s1 cr[n1 & m\? 9 ! ord] nam$1 giv+ 
?ree coyote-l yelps aft] ea*            
application4 ,:5 ! fir/ danc] _h        
complet$ ! "w1 ! o!r took 8 place & w5t 
?r\gh exactly ! same p]=mance4 ,?is     
f9i%$1 ! sick man & ! buffalo robe 7    
remov$4 ,! be>]s ( ! arr[s danc$ once m 
ar\nd ! fire & dep>t$4  #acb4 ,! plum$  
arr[ is frequ5tly ref]r$ to 9 ! songs ( 
?is rite4 ,x seems to be ! mo/ rev]$    
implem5t & ! act 9 :i* x appe>s ! mo/   
rev]$ alili ( ! night4 ,all ! o!r %[s   

may be omitt$ at w1 b ! dance ( !       
ktso-yis n1 x is said1 mu/ nev] be      
neglect$4 ,i h witness$ o!r p]=mances   
:]e ! arr[ swall[]s reappe>$ ) _! numb]s
 increas$ to six or eight4 ,! additional
 danc]s all pret5d$ to swall[ arr[s1 b  
!y did n apply !m to ! pati5t4 ,! orig9 
( ?is alili is well acc\nt$ = 9 ! my?   
7p>agraphs #dg1 #ee1 & #fi71 & ! peculi>
 significance ( ! injunction n to break 
! arr[ is easily und]/ood :5 we "k h[ ! 
arr[ is made4  #acc4 ,?ird dance4 ,at   
#aj o'clock ! s\nd ( ! :i/le aga9 call$ 
! spectators to att5tion & a l9e (      
tw5ty-?ree danc]s came 9 sight4 ,! "o :o
 l$ ! procession bore 9 8 h& a :izz]    
7,fig4 #ef7 su* z s*oolboys use1 a /ick 
ti$ to ! end ( a /r+2 ?is he con/antly  
:irl$1 produc+ a s\nd l t ( a ra9 /orm4 
,aft] him came "o :o repres5t$ a "*1 !  
,ybaka 7angliciz$1 ,yaybaka71 f ! great 
n9e days' c]emony ( ! kldji-qa l1 or    
night *ant1 & lie wore a blue bucksk9   
mask t belongs to ! "* ref]r$ to4 ,f "t 
to "t he gave ! peculi> hoot or call ( !

 ,y ybi*y1 huhuhuhu 7p>agraph #cb74     
,aft] him foll[$ eight w& be>]s4 ,!y 7  
dress$ l ! be>]s ( ! great plum$ arr[s2 
b in/ead ( an arr[ ea* bore a w& made ( 
grass1 cactus1 & eagle plumes4 ,! re/ ( 
! b& 7 *ori/]s 9 ord9>y dress4 ,z !y 7  
all proce$+ r\nd ! fire = ! f\r? "t !y  
halt$ 9 ! we/1 ! *ori/]s safe & ! /&+ w&
 be>]s =m$ a d\ble r[ ( f\r4 ,!n !      
,yaybaka began to hoot1 ! or*e/ra to    
play1 ! *ori/]s to s+1 ! :izz] to make 8
 mimic /orm1 & ! w& be>]s to dance4 ,!  
latt]1 keep+ p]fect "t ) ! or*e/ra1 w5t 
?r\gh a s]ies ( figures n unlike ^? ( a 
mod]n quadrille4 ,9 our t]psi*orean     
nom5clature ! calls might h ?us be5     
giv53 ,=w>d & back4 ,*assez twice4 ,face
 p>tn]s4 ,=w>d & back4 ,=w>d & b[4 ,=w>d
 & embrace4 ,=w>d & wave w&s at p>tn]s1 
c4 ,:5 sev]al ( ^! evolutions _h be5    
p]=m$ 9 a graceful & ord]ly mann]1 !    
*ori/]s rose1 & all w5t s++ out at !    
ea/4  #acd4 ,?ree times m ! same b&     
return$4 ,9 ! ?ird & f\r? acts ! w&s 7  
ex*ang$ = great pion poles 7eight to t5 

feet long71 portions ( :i* !y pret5d$ to
 swall[1 z _! pr$ecessors _h done ) !   
arr[s4 7,p>agraph #dh47 ,t ! simple &   
devot$ ,pueblo ,indian does actually1 9 
dances ( ?is "*1 ?ru/ a /ick f> d[n 8   
gullet1 to ! great dang] ( heal? & ev5 (
 life1 !re is little reason to d\bt2 b !
 wily ,navajo attempts no su* prodigies 
( deglutition4 ,a c>eful obs]vation ( _!
 movem5ts on ! fir/ occasion conv9c$ me 
t ! /ick nev] pass$ bel[ ! fauces1 &    
subsequ5t exp]i5ce 9 ! m$ic9e lodge only
 /r5g!n$ ! conviction 7p>agraph #aba74  
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ef4 ,! :izz]4     
#ace4 ,! in/rum5t designat$ above z !   
:izz] is a ?91 flat1 po9t$ piece ( wood1
 pa9t$ black & sp>kl+ ) ! specul> iron  
ore :i* is spr9kl$ on ! surface2 ?ree   
small pieces ( turquoise are inlaid 9 ! 
wood to repres5t eyes & m\?4 ,"o :izz]  
:i* ,i exam9$ 0 n9e in*es long1 "o &    
?ree-f\r?s in*es broad1 & ab\t a qu>t] (
 an in* ?ick 9 ! ?icke/ "p4 7,fig4 #ef47
 ,to x 0 atta*$ a /r+ ab\t two feet     
long1 by means ( :i* ! c5trifugal motion

 0 imp>t$ to x4 ,x is call$ by ! ,navajo
 tsn-en1 or groan+ /ick4 ,x is us$ among
 _m tribes ( ! s\?we/ 9 _! c]emonies4 ,!
 ,navajo *ant]s say t ! sacr$ groan+    
/ick may only be made ( ! wood ( a p9e  
tree :i* has be5 /ruck by lightn+4      
#acf4 ,9 ! ,f\r? dance !re 7 ab\t ?irty 
*ori/]s1 9 ord9>y dress1 be>+ pion w&s2 
!re 0 a man :o %ook a rattle1 ano!r :o  
:irl$ ! groan+ /ick1 & !re 7 ?ree       
pr9cipal danc]s1 we>+ fancy masks &     
repres5t+ *>act]s f ! rites ( ! kldji qa
 l or dance ( ! ,y ybi*y4 ,^! ?ree danc$
 a lively & graceful jig1 9 p]fect "t to
 ! music1 ) _m b[s1 wav+ ( w&s1         
simultane\s evolutions1 & o!r pretty    
motions :i* might h grac$ ! spectacul>  
drama ( a metropolitan !at]4 ,?ree times
 !y left ! corral = a mom5t1 & return+  
v>i$ ! dance1 & always v>i$ to improve4 
,! w&s !y bore 7 l>ge light frames (    
re$s adorn$ ) l>ge eagle plumes4  #acg4 
,aft] ?is !re 0 an int]val ( ne>ly an   
h\r1 :i* pass$ sl[ly ) ^? 9 ! corral4   
,"s smok$ & gossip$2 "s li/5$ to ! nev] 

ceas+ d9 ( ! or*e/ra or jo9$ 9 ! *ant2  
"s br\ght 9 wood & repl5i%$ ! wan+      
fires2 "s1 wrapp$ 9 _! s]apea1 /ret*$   
!mselves on ! gr\nd to cat* %ort naps4  
#ach4 ,fif? dance4 ,x 0 aft] midnight :5
 ! bl[+ ( a ho>se buffalo horn ann\nc$ !
 approa* ( ^? :o 7 to p]=m ! fif? dance1
 ! tchanoai alili or sun %[4 ,!re 7     
tw5ty-f\r *ori/]s & a rattl]4 ,!re 7 two
 "* danc]s1 :o 7 array$1 l s _m o!rs1 9 
little clo?+ & mu* pa9t4 ,_! heads &    
arms 7 adorn$ ) plumes ( ! w> eagle1 _! 
necks ) ri* necklaces ( g5u9e coral1 _! 
wai/s ) valuable silv] /udd$ belts1 & _!
 lo9s ) bright sa%es ( crimson silk4 ,"o
 bore on 8 back a r\nd disk1 n9e in*es 9
 diamet]1 decorat$ ) radiat+ eagle      
plumes to repres5t ! sun4 ,! o!r c>ri$ a
 disk1 six & a half in*es 9 diamet]1    
simil>ly ornam5t$1 to symbolize ! moon4 
,ea* bore a skeleton w& ( re$s t rem9d$ 
"o ( ! frame ( a great kite2 x 0        
ornam5t$ ) p5dant eagle plumes t sway$ )
 e motion ( ! danc]4 ,:ile ! :ole p>ty 0
 pass+ r\nd ! fire 9 ! usual mann] w&s 7

 wav$ & heads b[$ t[>ds ! flames4 ,:5 x 
/opp$ 9 ! we/ ! *ori/]s sat & sang & !  
rattl] /ood & rattl$1 :ile ! be>]s ( !  
sun & ! moon danc$ at a lively rate = j 
?ree m9utes4 ,!n ! *ori/]s rose & all   
sang & danc$ !mselves out ( sight4 ,a   
second p]=mance ( ?is dance came betwe5 
! fir/ & second repetitions ( ! next %[4
  #aci4 ,i h record$ "o /ory 7b h he>d (
 ano!r7 acc\nt+ = ! orig9 ( ?is dance2 x
 is z foll[s3 ,:5 ,dsilyi ,neyni visit$ 
! m\nta9 ( ,bi/c gi1 ! home ( ,e/s n    
igni1 ^! div9e be+s _h = ornam5ts on _! 
walls ! sun & ! moon4 ,:5 ! great my?ic 
dance 0 giv5 !y 7 among ! gue/s4 ,!y    
br\ght _! wall decorations1 & :5 ! "t = 
_! alili came1 !y wore ! sun & ! moon on
 _! backs :5 !y danc$4  #adj4 ,! ,six?  
dance1 t ( ! /&+ arcs1 0 bo? picturesque
 & +5i\s4 ,! pr9cipal p]=m]s 7 eight 9  
numb]1 z usual ) scanty clo?+4 ,_! hair 
fell loose & long ov] back & %\ld]s &   
ea* bore 9 front ( him1 held by bo? h&s1
 a wood5 arc1 ornam5t$ ) eagle plumes4  
,! ends ( ! arc 7:i* 0 a full           

semicircle7 %[$ tufts ( pion twigs1 & !y
 7 evid5tly jo9$ toge!r by a sl5d] /r+1 
:i* 0 invisible to ! audi5ce4 ,besides !
 eight pr9cipal actors1 !re 0 a rattl]1 
a be>] ( ! groan+ /ick1 & a *orus4 ,:ile
 all 7 mak+ ! f\r? circuit ( ! fire1    
frequ5t %\ts ( he6 he6 7,engli%$1       
,?hay--,/&6 /&6 or ,/ay6 /ay67 7 he>d1 !
 significance ( :i* soon became app>5t4 
,:5 !y /opp$ 9 ! we/1 ! eight "* danc]s 
fir/ w5t ?r\gh v>i\s quadrille-l        
figures1 su* z 7 witness$ 9 ! ?ird      
dance1 & !n knelt 9 two r[s t fac$ "o   
ano!r4 ,at a ^w f ! rattl] ! man :o 0   
ne>e/ to him 7:om ,i w call ,no4 #a7    
arose1 advanc$ to ! man :o knelt        
opposite to him 7,no4 #b7 ) rapid1      
%uffl+ /eps1 & amid a *orus ( ,?hay6    
,?hay6 plac$ 8 arc ) caution ^u ! head (
 ! latt]4 ,al?\gh x 0 held 9 position by
 ! friction ( ! pion tufts at ea* e> &  
by ! pressure ( ! ends ( ! arc1 n[ drawn
 clos] by ! subt5d+ /r+1 x _h !         
appe>ance ( /&+ on ! head )\t mat]ial   
support1 & x is probable t _m ( !       

un9itiat$ believ$ t only ! magic        
influ5ce ( ! (t-repeat$ ^w ,?hay kept x 
9 position4 ,:5 ! arc 0 secur$ 9 its    
place1 ,no4 #a retreat$ ) %uffl+ /eps to
 8 =m] position & fell on 8 knees aga94 
,imm$iately ,no4 #b advanc$ & plac$ !   
arc :i* he held 9 8 h& on ! head ( ,no4 
#a4 ,?us ea* 9 turn plac$ 8 arc on !    
head ( ! "o :o knelt opposite to him    
until all wore _! beautiful halo-l      
headdresses4 ,!n1 hold+ _! heads rigidly
 erect1 le/ _! arcs %\ld fall1 ! eight  
kneel+ figures began a spl5did1 well    
tim$ *ant1 :i* 0 acc5tuat$ by ! clapp+ (
 h&s & jo9$ 9 by ! *orus4 ,:5 ! *ant 0  
done ! rattl] address$ ! arc be>]s1 w>n+
 !m to be c>eful2 s !y cauti\sly arose f
 _! knees & %uffl$ ) /iff5$ sp9es out ( 
! corral1 prec$$ by ! *ori/]s4 ,?is     
dance 0 repeat$ aft] ! second p]=mance (
 ! fif? dance4  #ada4 ,sev5? dance4 ,!  
arc be>]s _h sc>cely disappe>$ :5 ano!r 
tr\pe ent]$ ! circle1 ! buffalo horn    
ann\nc+ _! com+4 ,a man ) a :izz] l$ !  
procession4 ,! *ori/]s1 9 ord9>y dress1 

7 ?irte5 9 numb]4 ,! pr9cipal danc]s 7 b
 two2 !y wore ! usual sa% & belt2 !     
uncov]$ sk9 0 pa9t$ :ite2 !y _h on long 
blue wool5 /ock+s ( ,navajo make &      
moccas9s4 ,ea* bore a sl5d] w& ( two    
triangles ( re$s adorn$ at ! corn]s )   
p5dant plumes4 ,!y salut$ ! fire z !y   
danc$ ar\nd x4 ,!y halt$ 9 ! we/1 :]e ! 
*ori/]s sat d[n1 & ! two w& be>]s danc$ 
= ?ree m9utes 9 a lively & graceful     
mann]1 to ! music ( ! :izz]1 ! rattle1 !
 *ori/]s1 & ! drum ( ! or*e/ra4 ,^!     
return$ twice m1 mak+ "s v>iation 9 _!  
p]=mance ea* "t4 ,9 ! second act !      
rattl] br\ght 9 "u 8 arm a basket       
conta9+ yucca leaves1 & a pray] 0 said  
to ! sun4 ,x is possible t ?is dance 0 b
 a prelim9>y "p ( ! eigh? dance1 b x mu/
 be describ$ z a sep>ate alili4  #adb4  
,eigh? dance4 ,9 ?is !re 7 sixte5       
p]=m]s1 9 ord9>y ,navajo dress4 ,"o ( ^!
 bore ! :izz] & l$ ! procession2 ano!r1 
:o came 9 ! c5t] ( ! l9e1 c>ri$ a hewn  
plank1 or pun*eon1 ab\t #ab feet long & 
#d in*es broad1 pa9t$ ) spots & decorat$

 ) tufts ( pion bran*lets & ) eagle     
plumes2 imm$iately beh9d ! be>] ( !     
plank walk$ a man :o _h 9 a basket an   
effigy ( ! sun1 =m$ ( a small r\nd      
mirror & a numb] ( radiat+ sc>let       
plumes4 ,hav+ walk$ ar\nd ! fire z      
usual1 ! :ole p>ty ga!r$ 9 ! we/ 9 a    
close circle1 :i* completely exclud$ f !
 sight ( ! audi5ce ! op]ations ( !      
actors4 ,s++1 rattl+1 & cries ( ,?hay6 7
 he>d4 ,9 a few m9utes ! circle op5$ & !
 hewn plank1 /&+ upright on a small     
,navajo blanket1 )\t any app>5t prop or 
support1 0 disclos$ to view4 ,at ! base 
( ! plank 0 ! basket hold+ ! figure ( ! 
sun4 ,s++ 0 cont9u$ & s 7 ! upro>i\s    
cries ( ,?hay--cries anxi\s1 cries      
appeal+1 cries comm&+--:ile ! be>] ( !  
rattle /ood fac+ ! pole & rattl+        
vigor\sly at x4 ,at l5g?1 seem+ly 9     
ob$i5ce to all ?is clamor1 ! sol> image 
left ! basket & sl[ly1 falt]+ly1        
tott]+ly1 asc5d$ ! plank to )9 a few    
in*es ( ! top4 ,"h x /opp$ a mom5t & !n 
desc5d$ 9 ! same mann] 9 :i* x rose4    

,once m 0 x made to rise & set1 :5 !    
circle ( danc]s aga9 clos$1 ! plank1    
sun1 & basket 7 tak5 9 cu/ody1 & !      
danc]s dep>t$4 ,tak+ into consid]ation !
 limit$ k & rude implem5ts ( !          
orig9ators 7= ?is alili is n ( mod]n    
orig971 ?is 0 a well p]=m$ trick4 ,!    
means us$ = support+ ! pole & pull+ up !
 sun c\ld n be detect$4 ,! danc]s =m$ a 
semicircle ne>ly t5 feet di/ant f ! pole
 & ! light ( ! c5tral fire %one brightly
 ^u all4  #adc4 ,n9? dance4 ,x 0 aft] #a
 o'clock 9 ! morn+ :5 ! dance ( ! ho%k  
wn 7,yucca baccata7 began4 7,fig4 #eg4  
,see p>agraph #c47 ,! c]emony 0 conduct$
 9 ! fir/ "p by tw5ty-two p]sons 9      
ord9>y dress4 ,"o bore1 expos$ to view1 
a natural root ( yucca1 cr[n$ ) its     
clu/] ( root leaves1 :i* rema9 gre5 all 
w9t]4 ,! re/ bore 9 _! h&s w&s ( pion4  
,:at o!r prop]ties !y may h _h conceal$ 
"u _! blankets ! read] w soon be able to
 conjecture4 ,on _! ?ird j\rney ar\nd ! 
fire !y halt$ 9 ! we/ & =m$ a close     
circle = ! purpose ( conceal+ _!        

op]ations1 su* z 0 made 9 ! eigh? dance4
 ,aft] a m9ute sp5t 9 s++ & _m          
repetitions ( ,?hay1 ! circle op5$1     
disclos+ to our view ! yucca root plant$
 9 ! s&4 ,aga9 ! circle clos$2 aga9 !   
song1 ! rattle1 & ! *orus ( ,?hay 7     
he>d1 & :5 ! circle 0 op5$ ! second "t  
an excell5t c\nt]feit ( ! small budd+   
fl[] /alk 0 se5 amid ! fascicle (       
leaves4 ,a ?ird "t ! danc]s =m$ _! r+ ( 
occultation2 aft] ! song & d9 _h cont9u$
 = a few seconds ! circle p>t$ = ! ?ird 
"t1 :51 all out ( season1 ! great       
panicle ( creamy yucca fl[]s gleam$ 9 ! 
firelight4 ,! previ\s trans=mations ( ! 
yucca _h be5 greet$ ) approv+ %\ts &    
laught]2 ! blossoms 7 hail$ ) /orms (   
applause4 ,= ! f\r? & la/ "t ! circle   
clos$1 & :5 aga9 x op5$ ! blossoms _h   
disappe>$ & ! great1 d>k gre5 fruit hung
 9 abundance f ! p$icels4 ,:5 ! la/     
trans=mation 0 complet$ ! danc]s w5t    
once m ar\nd ! fire & dep>t$1 leav+ !   
fruitful yucca beh9d !m4                
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eg4 ,yucca        

baccata4  #add4 ,9 a mom5t aft] !y _h   
disappe>$ ! =m ( "o p]sonat+ an ag$1    
/upid1 %ort sight$1 decrepit man 0 se5  
to em]ge sl[ly f among ! cr[d (         
spectators 9 ! ea/4 ,he 0 dress$ 9 an   
old & woefully ragg$ suit & wore a high1
 po9t$ hat4 ,8 face 0 :it5$ & he bore a 
%ort1 crook$1 wood5 b[ & a few crook$1  
ill made arr[s4 ,8 m]e appe>ance provok$
 ! /oic audi5ce to screams ( laught]1 & 
8 subsequ5t l[ com$y bus9ess1 :i*       
excell$ mu* t ,i h se5 on ! civiliz$    
/age1 fail$ n to meet ) upro>i\s        
demon/rations ( approval4 ,sl[ly advanc+
 z he enact$ 8 "p1 he 9 "t rea*$ ! place
 :]e ! yucca /ood1 &1 9 8 imbecile      
tott]+s1 he at l5g? /umbl$ on ! plant & 
pret5d$ to h 8 fle% lac]at$ by ! %>p    
leaves4 ,he gave a tremul\s cry ( pa91  
rubb$ saliva on ! "p suppos$ to be      
w\nd$1 & mutt]$ 8 compla9ts 9 a weak &  
%ak+ voice4 ,he pret5d$ !n to seek = !  
plant1 & 0 ?ree times w\nd$ 9 8 ef=ts to
 f9d x4 ,at l5g?1 kneel+ on ! gr\nd1 ) 8
 face buri$ 9 ! leaves1 he feign$ to    

discov] x1 & rejoic$ ) qu]ul\s          
extravagance ov] 8 success4 ,:5 he _h   
m>k$ ! spot & ! way back to x ) an      
exagg]at$ burlesque ( ! ,indian me?ods (
 do+ ^! ?+s1 he w5t (f to f9d 8 old     
woman & br+ h] to pick ! fruit4 ,soon he
 return$ ) a tall1 /alw>t man1 dress$ to
 repres5t a hide\s1 absurd-look+ old    
granny4 ,! latt] act$ 8 "p ?r\gh\t ! re/
 ( ! drama ) a skill fully equal to t ( 
8 comrade4  #ade4 ,!re 7 sc5es 9 ?is    
drama :i* may n be told 9 ?is           
connection4 ,x w suffice to say "h t :5 
! yucca fruit 0 pick$ & put 9 ! basket !
 old man help$ ! woman to %\ld] h] load 
& ! pair left ! corral4 ,! hack n-9 does
 n inv>iably appe> 9 ! corral dance4 ,i 
h att5d$ "o c]emony :]e x 0 omitt$4 ,i h
 he>d two descriptions ( ! dance :i*    
diff]$ v mu* f ! "o giv5 above4  #adf4  
,_m facts conc]n+ n only ! hack n 91 b  
o!r p>ts ( ! m\nta9 *ant1 h n be5 all[$ 
to appe> 9 ?is essay4 ,recogniz$        
sci5ti/s may le>n ( !m by address+ !    
au?or ?r\gh ! ,director ( ! ,bureau (   

,e?nology4  #adg4 ,t5? dance4 ,at tw5ty 
m9utes pa/ ?ree an un9t]e/+ p]=mance    
call$ ! be> dance began4 ,a man ent]$ on
 all f\rs2 8 face 0 pa9t$ :ite2 he wore 
ar\nd 8 lo9s & ov] 8 %\ld]s pieces ( "s 
d>k pelt :i* may h be5 be> sk91 b look$ 
m l ! sk9 ( a black %eep4 ,! fire _h n[ 
burn$ l[ & ! light 0 dim4 ,he 0         
accompani$ by two att5dants1 "o ( :om   
c>ri$ a rattle4 ,he w5t twice ar\nd !   
r+1 imitat+ ! lumb]+ gait ( ! be>4 ,he  
occasionally made a clumsy lunge        
sidewise at "s ( ! spectators1 z ?\gh he
 w\ld attack !m2 b on ^! occasions ! man
 ) ! rattle head$ him (f & rattl+ 9 8   
face direct$ him back to ! usual c\rse  
ar\nd ! fire4 ,?is %[ la/$ five m9utes4 
#adh4 ,! ,elev5? dance1 0 ! fire dance1 
or fire play1 :i* 0 ! mo/ picturesque & 
/>tl+ ( all4 ,"s "t be=e ! actors ent]$1
 we he>d1 m+l$ ) ! bl[+ ( ! buffalo     
horn1 /range s\nds1 mu* l ! call ( !    
s&-hill crane2 !y w1 = conv5i5ce1 be    
call$ trumpet+4 ,^! s\nds cont9u$ to gr[
 l\d] & come ne>] until !y 7 he>d at !  

op5+ 9 ! ea/1 & 9 a second aft]1 t5 m51 
hav+ no m clo?+ on ?an ! p]=m]s 9 ! fir/
 dance1 ent]$4 ,e man except ! lead]    
bore a long ?ick bundle ( %r$d$ c$> b>k 
9 ea* h& & "o _h two extra bundles on 8 
%\ld]s = ! lat] use ( ! lead]4 ,! latt] 
c>ri$ f\r small fagots ( ! same mat]ial 
9 8 h&s4 ,f\r times !y all danc$ ar\nd !
 fire1 wav+ _! bundles ( b>k t[>ds x4   
,!y halt$ 9 ! ea/2 ! lead] advanc$ t[>ds
 ! c5tral fire1 light$ "o ( 8 fagots1 & 
trumpet+ l\dly ?rew x to ! ea/ ov] !    
f5ce ( ! corral4 ,he p]=m$ a simil> act 
at ! s\?1 at ! we/1 & at ! nor?2 b be=e 
! nor!rn br& 0 ?r[n he light$ ) x ! b>k 
bundles ( 8 comrades4 ,z ea* br&        
disappe>$ ov] ! f5ce "s ( ! spectators  
blew into _! h&s & made a motion z if   
toss+ "s sub/ance aft] ! dep>t+ flame4  
,:5 ! fascicles 7 all light$ ! :ole b&  
began a wild race ar\nd ! fire4 ,at fir/
 !y kept close toge!r & spat ^u "o ano!r
 "s sub/ance ( suppos$ m$ic9al virtue4  
,soon !y scatt]$ & ran app>5tly )\t     
conc]t1 ! rapid rac+ caus+ ! br&s to ?r[

 out long brilliant /ream]s ( flame ov] 
! h&s & arms ( ! danc]s4 ,!n !y proce$$ 
to apply ! br&s to _! own nude bodies & 
to ! bodies ( _! comrades 9 front ( !m1 
no man ev] once turn+ r\nd2 at times !  
danc] /ruck 8 victim vigor\s bl[s ) 8   
flam+ w&2 aga9 he seiz$ ! flame z if x 7
 a sponge &1 keep+ close to ! "o pursu$1
 rubb$ ! back ( ! latt] = sev]al mom5ts1
 z if he 7 ba?+ him4 ,9 ! mean "t !     
suff]] w\ld p]haps cat* up ) "s "o 9    
front ( him & 9 turn ba! him 9 flame4   
,at times :5 a danc] f\nd no "o 9 front 
( him he proce$$ to sponge 8 own back1 &
 might keep ?is up :ile mak+ two or ?ree
 circuits ar\nd ! fire or until he      
caught up ) "s "o else4 ,at ea*         
application ( ! blaze ! l\d trumpet+ 0  
he>d1 & x (t5 seem$ z if a great flock (
 cranes 0 w++ its way ov]head s\?w>d    
?r\gh ! d>kness4 ,if a br& became       
ext+ui%$ x 0 light$ aga9 9 ! c5tral     
fire2 b :5 x 0 s f> consum$ z to be no  
long] held conv5i5tly 9 ! h&1 ! danc]   
dropp$ x & ru%$1 trumpet+1 out ( !      

corral4 ,?us1 "o by "o1 !y all dep>t$4  
,:5 !y 7 gone _m ( ! spectators came    
=w>d1 pick$ up "s ( ! fall5 fragm5ts (  
c$> b>k1 light$ !m1 & ba!d _! h&s 9 !   
flames z a *>m aga9/ ! evil effects (   
fire4    ,illu/ration3   ,bureau (      
,e?nology   ,fif? ,annual ,report ,pl4  
,,xiii   ,,fire ,,dance4  #adi4 ,did ^! 
danc]s1 next day1 hide sore & bli/]$    
backs "u _! s]apes8 ,i ?9k n1 = ,i h se5
 & conv]s$ ) "s ( ! p]=m]s imm$iately   
aft] ! fire %[1 & !y seem$ happy & _h   
no?+ to compla9 (4 ,did ! m$ic9e !y spat
 on "o ano!r save !m8 ,c]ta9ly n1 al?\gh
 ! ,indians claim x is a true           
prophylactic aga9/ burns & call x       
az-sakzi or cold m$ic9e4 ,b x is        
probable t ! c$> b>k ignites at a l[    
temp]ature1 & m ?an probable t ! coat+ (
 :ite e>? ) :i* _! bodies 7 cov]$ is an 
excell5t non-conductor4 ,h[ev]1 ! ?\ght 
t _! bodies might h be5 ?us +5i\sly     
protect$ less5$ little1 if any1 ! effect
 produc$ on ! spectator4 ,i h se5 _m    
fire sc5es on ! /age1 _m acts ( fire    

eat+ & fire h&l+ by civiliz$ juggl]s1 & 
_m fire dances by o!r ,indian tribes1 b 
no?+ q comp>able to ?is 9 all its sc5ic 
effects4  #aej4 ,! clos+ c]emonies ,i   
did n witness on ?is occasion1 b ,i saw 
!m at subsequ5t dances4 ,%ortly be=e    
sunrise an assi/ant pass$ ar\nd ! fire  
f\r times & spr9kl$ a little wat] on !  
mass ( smold]+ emb]s1 :ile ! m$ic9e man 
*ant$ ! appropriate song4 ,lat]1 ?ree   
gaps 7 torn 9 ! circle ( bran*es--"o 9 !
 s\?1 "o 9 ! we/1 & "o 9 ! nor?--mak+1 )
 ! orig9al gate 9 ! ea/1 f\r entrances  
to ! corral4 7,see ,plate ,,xiv47 ,j    
aft] sunrise ! entire circle ( bran*es 0
 raz$1 b ! bran*es 7 n c>ri$ away4 ,!   
travel] ?r\gh ! ,navajo c\ntry (t5      
enc\nt]s )]$ rema9s ( ^! circles4 ,9 !  
c]emony ( ,octob]1 #ahhd1 ! *ant]1 hav+ 
ano!r engagem5t :i* 0 press+1 pack$ up 8
 sacr$ ut5sils & left soon aft] sunrise4
 ,! pati5t1 x 0 said1 0 n p]mitt$ to    
sleep until aft] sunset4  #aea4 ,o!r    
dances4 ,9 subsequ5t dances ,i saw      
exhibitions :i* did n occur 9 ! c]emony 

( ,novemb] #e1 #ahhb1 j describ$1 & ,i h
 le>n$ ( o!r %[s produc$ on ! la/ night1
 :i* ,i h nev] _h an opportunity to     
witness4 ,all ! alilis may be modifi$4  
,i h r>ely se5 two p]=mances ( ! same   
dance :i* 7 j alike4  #aeb4 ,on two     
occasions ,i h witness$ a v pretty      
dance1 9 :i* an eagle plume 0 /uck      
upright 9 a basket & by means ( "s well 
hidd5 me*anism caus$ to dance 9 good "t 
to ! song1 ! beat ( ! drum1 & ! motions 
( ! s+le ,indian :o danc$ at ! same "t2 
n only ?is1 b ! fea!r foll[$ ! motions (
 ! ,indian3 if he danc$ t[>d ! nor?1 !  
fea!r lean$ to ! nor? :ile mak+ its     
rhy?mical motions2 if he mov$ to ! s\?1 
x b5t its :ite head 9 ! same direction1 
& s on4 ,on "o occasion x 0 a little    
boy1 five ye>s old1 son ( ! *ief        
,manuelito1 :o danc$ ) ! eagle plume4   
,he 0 dress$ & pa9t$ mu* l ! akn9ili1 or
 ! arr[ swall[]s 7,figs4 #ed1 #ee71 on a
 dim9utive scale4 ,! sa% ( sc>let velvet
 ar\nd 8 hips 0 beautifully trimm$ )    
fea!rs4 ,!y said he _h be5 sev]al weeks 

9 tra9+ = ! dance1 & he c]ta9ly w5t     
?r\gh 8 v>i$ motions ) great skill4 ,i h
 r>ely se5 a t]psi*orean spectacle t    
/ruck my fancy m ?an t ( ! little       
,indian *ild & 8 p>tn]1 ! eagle plume4  
#aec4 ,x might be ?\ght t ! ^w ?hay1 s  
(t5 us$ to make inanimate objects pay   
att5tion1 0 "o ( v sacr$ import4 ,s x   
is1 no d\bt2 yet ,i h se5 x broadly     
burlesqu$4 ,x 0 on ! occasion ( ! la/   
*ant :i* ,i att5d$4 ,a numb] ( boys1 f  
twelve to fifte5 ye>s ( age !y seem$1 l$
 by a pleasant look+ old man ) a        
skeptical tw9kle 9 8 eye1 came into !   
d>k circle4 ,"o ( ! p>ty c>ri$ a deep   
,indian basket1 f ! top ( :i* a numb] ( 
spruce twigs protrud$4 ,!y =m$ :at has  
be5 designat$ z ! r+ ( occultation1 &   
:ile do+ s !y %\t$ & scream$ & puff$ !  
talismanic ?hay 9 a way t left no d\bt (
 _! int5tion to ridicule4 ,_!           
extravagant motions add$ to !           
significance ( _! intonation4 ,:5 ! r+  
op5$ ! boys sat on ! gr\nd & began to s+
 & beat a drum4 ,! old man sat at a     

di/ance ( ab\t ?ree paces we/ ( !       
basket4 ,pres5tly ! nose ( a little     
weasel 7! image be+ probably a /uff$    
sk97 appe>$ among ! spruce b\ghs4 ,all !
 timid1 inquir+ motions ( ! little      
animal 7 well mimick$3 ! nose 0 ?ru/    
=w>d & pull$ back1 ! :ole head w\ld     
em]ge & retreat1 & at r>e times ! %\ld]s
 w\ld be se5 = a mom5t1 to be quickly   
drawn 9 among ! scre5+ spruce twigs4    
,all ^! motions 7 made 9 p]fect "t to ! 
s++ & drumm+4 ,! old man :o pull$ !     
actuat+ /r+s made no secret ( 8         
manipulations4 ,! play 0 int5d$ = a     
f>ce1 & z su* ! spectators enjoy$ x4    
,,! ,,great ,,pictures ,,( ,,dsily,,dje 
,,qa,l4   #aed4 ,a description ( ! f\r  
great pictures drawn 9 ^! c]emonies has 
be5 def]r$ until all might be describ$  
toge!r4 ,_! relations to "o ano!r r5d]$ 
?is ! mo/ desirable c\rse to pursue4 ,! 
prep>ation ( ! gr\nd & ( ! colors1 !    
application ( ! sacr$ poll51 & "s o!r   
matt]s h be5 already consid]$4  #aee4 ,!
 m5 :o d ! great] "p ( ! actual "w (    

pa9t+1 "u ! guidance ( ! *ant]1 h be5   
initiat$1 b ne$ n be skill$ m$ic9e m5 or
 ev5 aspirants to ! craft ( ! %aman4 ,a 
c]ta9 c]emony ( initiation has be5 p]=m$
 on !m f\r times1 ea* "t dur+ ! c\rse ( 
a diff]5t dance1 be=e !y are admitt$    
into ! lodge dur+ ! progress ( ! "w or  
all[$ to assi/ 9 x4 ,! m$ic9e man       
receives a good pres5t 9 horses = 8 "w2 
! assi/ants get no?+ b _! food4 ,?is1   
h[ev]1 is abundant4 ,?ree times a day ! 
p]son = ^: b5efit ! dance is p]=m$ s5ds 
9 en\gh mu%1 corn cake1 s\p1 & roa/$    
mutton to satisfy to ! utmo/ ! appetites
 ( all 9 ! lodge4 ,!re are "s "y m5 :o  
live well all w9t] by go+ ar\nd ! c\ntry
 f dance to dance & assi/+ 9 ! "w ( !   
lodge4    ,illu/ration3   ,bureau (     
,e?nology   ,fif? ,annual ,report ,pl4  
,,xiv   ,,! ,,d>k ,,circle ,,( ,,bran*es
 ,,at ,,sunrise4  #aef4 ,! pictures are 
drawn accord+ to an exact sy/em4 ,!     
%aman is frequ5tly se5 correct+ ! workm5
 & mak+ !m erase & revise _! "w4 ,9     
c]ta9 well def9$ in/ances ! arti/ is    

all[$ to indulge 8 individual fancy4    
,?is is ! case ) ! gaudy embroid]$ p\*es
 :i* ! gods c>ry at ! wai/4 ,)9         
reasonable b\nds ! arti/ may give 8 god 
j z h&some a p\* z he wi%es4 ,"s p>ts ( 
! figures1 on ! o!r h&1 are measur$ by  
palms & spans1 & n a l9e ( ! sacr$      
design c be v>i$4 ,/raight & p>allel    
l9es are drawn by aid ( a tight5$ cord4 
,! mode ( apply+ ! color$ p[d] is       
peculi>4 ,! arti/ has 8 b>k trays laid  
on ! s& :]e !y are conv5i5t ( access4   
,he takes a small quantity ( ! p[d] 9 8 
clos$ palm & all[s x to pass out betwe5 
8 ?umb & =ef+]1 :ile ! =m] is mov$      
across ! latt]4 ,:5 he makes a mi/ake he
 does n bru% away ! pigm5t4 ,he         
oblit]ates x by p\r+ s& on x1 & !n draws
 ! correct$ design on ! new surface4 ,! 
=ms ( ! gods d n appe> z ,i h repres5t$ 
!m 9 ! fir/ coat ( color4 ,! nak$       
figures ( ^! my?ical be+s are fir/      
completely & accurately drawn & !n !    
clo?+ is put on4 ,ev5 9 ! pictures ( !  
,long-bodies 7,plate ,,xvii71 :i* are   

drawn #i feet 9 l5g?1 ! nak$ body is    
fir/ made 9 its appropriate color--:ite 
= ! ea/1 blue = ! s\?1 yell[ = ! we/1 & 
black = ! nor?--& !n ! f\r r$ %irts are 
pa9t$ on f ?igh to axilla1 z %[n 9 !    
picture4  #aeg4 ,! draw+s are1 z a rule1
 begun z mu* t[>ds ! c5t] z ! nature ( !
 figure w p]mit1 due reg>d be+ paid to !
 ord] ( prec$5ce ( ! po9ts ( ! compass1 
! figure 9 ! ea/ be+ begun fir/1 t 9 !  
s\? next1 t 9 ! we/ ?ird 9 ord]1 & t 9 !
 nor? f\r?4 ,! p]iph]y is f9i%$ la/ (   
all4 ,! reason = ?us work+ f )9 outw>ds 
is t ! m5 employ$ on ! picture di/urb ! 
smoo? surface ( ! s& ) _! feet4 ,if !y  
proce$ 9 ! ord] describ$ !y c smoo? ! s&
 z !y advance & ne$ n cross ! f9i%$     
portions ( ! picture4  #aeh4 ,i h le>n$ 
( sev5te5 great heal+ dances ( ! ,navajo
 9 :i* pictures ( ?is "* are drawn4 ,!re
 are said to be1 ) few exceptions--only 
"o exception t ,i am positively aw>e    
(--f\r pictures appropriate to ea*      
dance4 ,"s ( ! dances are practic$      
some:at diff]5tly by diff]5t s*ools or  

ord]s among ! m$ic9e m51 & 9 ^! div]s   
=ms ! pictures1 al?\gh agree+ 9 g5]al   
design1 v>y some:at 9 detail4 ,?us !re  
are1 on an av]age1 probably m ?an f\r   
designs1 belong+ to ea* ( ! sev5te5     
c]emonies1 ^: names ,i h obta9$4 ,if !re
 7 b f\r to ea*1 ?is w\ld give u        
sixty-eight su* pa9t+s kn[n to ! m$ic9e 
m5 ( ! tribe1 & ?us we may =m "s        
conception ( ! great numb] ( ^! sacr$   
pictures :i* !y possess4 ,b ,i h reason 
to believe1 f _m ?+s ,i h he>d1 t       
besides ^! sev5te5 great n9e days'      
c]emonies to :i* ,i ref]1 !re are _m    
m9or c]emonies1 ) _! appropriate        
pictures2 s t ! numb] is probably great]
 ?an t :i* ,i give4  #aei4 ,^! pictures1
 ! m$ic9e m5 av]1 are transmitt$ f tea*]
 to pupil 9 ea* ord] & = ea* c]emony    
unalt]$ f ye> to ye> & f g5]ation to    
g5]ation4 ,t su* is /rictly ! case ,i _c
 believe4 ,!re are no /&>d pictures on  
h& any:]e4 ,no p]man5t design = ref]5ce 
is ev] 9 exi/5ce1 & !re is1 s f> z ,i c 
le>n1 no f9al au?ority 9 ! tribe to     

settle any disputes t may arise4 ,few ( 
^! great c]emonies c be p]=m$ 9 ! summ] 
mon?s4 ,mo/ ( ! figures are !re=e c>ri$ 
ov] f w9t] to w9t] 9 ! memories (       
fallible m54 ,b ?is mu* ,i d cr$it1 t   
any innovations :i* may creep into _! "w
 are un9t5tional & t if *anges occur !y 
are wr\ght v sl[ly4 ,! %amans & _!      
fai?ful foll[]s believe1 or pr(ess to   
believe1 t ! dire/ v5geance ( ! gods    
w\ld visit !m if ^! rites 7 v>i$ 9 !    
lea/ 9 picture1 pray]1 song1 or         
c]emonial4 ,! m]e fact t !re are diff]5t
 s*ools among ! m$ic9e m5 may be reg>d$ 
z an evid5ce t *anges h occurr$4   #afj4
 ,,fir/ ,,picture4 ,! picture ( ! fir/  
day 7,plate ,,xv7 is said to repres5t ! 
visit ( ,dsilyi ,neyni to ! home ( !    
snakes at ,qoe/s4 7,p>agraph #ec47      
,illu/ration3   ,bureau ( ,e?nology     
,fif? ,annual ,report ,pl4 ,,xv   ,,fir/
 ,,dry-,,pa9t+  #afa4 ,9 ! c5t] ( !     
picture 0 a circul> concavity1 ab\t six 
in*es 9 diamet]1 int5d$ to repres5t     
wat]1 presumably ! h\se ( wat] m5tion$ 9

 ! my?4 ,9 all ! o!r pictures :]e wat] 0
 repres5t$ a small b[l 0 actually sunk 9
 ! gr\nd & fill$ ) wat]1 :i* wat] 0     
aft]w>ds spr9kl$ ) p[d]$ *>coal to give 
! impression ( a flat1 dry surface4 ,:y 
! b[l ( wat] 0 omitt$ 9 ?is picture ,i d
 n "k1 b a m$ic9e man ( a diff]5t       
frat]nity f t ( ! "o :o drew ! picture  
in=m$ me t ) m5 ( 8 s*ool ! b[l fill$ ) 
wat] 0 us$ 9 ! snake picture z well z 9 
! o!rs4 ,closely surr\nd+ ?is c5tral    
depression are f\r p>allelograms ab\t   
f\r in*es by t5 in*es 9 ! orig9al       
pictures4 ,! half ne>] ! c5t] is r$2 !  
out] half is blue2 !y are bord]$ ) n>r[ 
l9es ( :ite4 ,! same figures are repeat$
 9 o!r pa9t+s4 ,!y appe> 9 ?is draw+1 & 
frequ5tly 9 o!rs1 z some?+ on :i* ! gods
 seem to /&4 ,!y are ! cabitll1 or rafts
 ( sunbeam1 ! favorite vessels on :i* ! 
div9e ones navigate ! upp] deep4 ,9 !   
,navajo my?s1 :5 a god has a p>ticul>ly 
long & spe$y j\rney to make1 he takes   
two sunbeams &1 plac+ !m side by side1  
is borne (f 9 a tw9kl+ :i!r he wills4   

,r$ is ! color prop] to sunlight 9 _!   
symbolism1 b ! r$ & blue toge!r repres5t
 sunbeams 9 ! morn+ & ev5+ skies :5 !y  
%[ an alt]nation ( blue & r$4 ,x w be   
se5 lat] t ! sunbeam %afts1 ! halo1 & ! 
ra9b[ are repres5t$ by ! same colors4 ,9
 =m1 h[ev]1 ! halo is circul>1 & ! ra9b[
 is di/+ui%$ by its curvature1 & x is   
usually an?ropomorphic1 :ile ! sunbeam &
 ! halo are n4 ,ext]nal to ^! sunbeam   
rafts1 & repres5t$ z /&+ on !m1 are !   
figures ( eight s]p5ts1 two :ite ones 9 
! ea/1 two blue ones 9 ! s\?1 two yell[ 
ones 9 ! we/1 & two black ones 9 ! nor?4
 ,^! snakes cross "o ano!r 79 pairs7 s z
 to =m f\r figures l ! lett] ,x4 ,9     
draw+ ^! ,x's ! snake :i* appe>s to be  
b5ea? is made fir/ complete 9 e respect1
 & !n ! o!r snake is drawn ov] x 9      
con=mity ) _! reali/ic laws ( art be=e  
ref]r$ to4 ,! neck1 9 all cases1 is     
blue1 cross$ ) f\r b&s ( r$4 ,! necks ( 
! gods 9 all ! pictures1 x w be obs]v$1 
are made ?us1 b ! b>s 9 ! manlike       
figures run transv]sely1 :ile ^? 9 !    

snake-l run diagonally4 ,?ree r[s (     
,v-%ap$ figures1 f\r 9 ea* r[1 are se5  
on ! backs ( ! snakes2 ^! are simply to 
repres5t mottl+s4 ,outside ( ^! eight   
snakes are f\r m ( mu* great] l5g?2 !y  
=m a frame or b\nd>y to ! picture1      
except 9 ! we/1 :]e ! m\nta9 ( ,dsily   
-in lies beyond !m4 ,!re is a :ite snake
 9 ! ea/1 ly+ f nor? to s\? & b\nd+ !   
picture 9 ! ea/2 a blue snake1 ( simil> 
size & %ape1 9 ! s\?2 a yell[ "o 9 !    
we/1 & a black "o 9 ! nor?4 ,!y seem z  
if foll[+ "o ano!r ar\nd ! picture 9 !  
direction ( ! sun's app>5t c\rse1 ! head
 ( ! ea/ snake approximat+ ! tail ( !   
s\? snake1 & s on4  #afb4 ,9 ! nor!a/ is
 se5 ! yay1 ,niltci1 :o accompani$ !    
,navajo prophet to ! home ( ! snakes4 ,9
 ! extreme we/ is a black circul> figure
 repres5t+ ! m\nta9 ( ,dsily -in4 ,9 !  
orig9al picture ! m\nta9 0 9 relief--:i*
 ,i h n attempt$ to repres5t--a little  
m\nd ( ab\t t5 or twelve in*es high4 ,! 
description ( ! m\nta9 giv5 9 ! my? is  
duly symboliz$ 9 ! picture1 ! halo add$4

 ,! gre5 spot 9 ! c5t] is design$ to    
repres5t a twig ( spruce :i* 0 /uck 9 ! 
m\nd ( s& to indicate ! spruce tree     
door4 ,f ! summit ( ! m\nta9 to ! middle
 ( ! c5tral wat]s is drawn a wide l9e 9 
corn meal1 ) f\r footpr9ts1 depict$ at  
int]vals1 9 ! same mat]ial4 ,?is        
repres5ts ! track ( a be>4 ,imm$iately  
s\? ( ?is track is ! figure ( an animal 
drawn 9 gray pigm5t4 ,?is is ! grizzly  
himself1 :i* "h1 ,i h reason to believe1
 is us$ z a symbol ( ! ,navajo prophet4 
,! be>1 9 ! sacr$ language ( ! %amans1  
is appropriately call$ ,dsilyi ,neyni1  
s9ce he is truly re>$ )9 ! m\nta9s4 ,8  
track1 be+ repres5t$ by a /reak ( meal1 
has ref]5ce to ! same ?+ z ! "n akn9ili 
& ! practice ( ! c\ri]s 7p>agraph #ajb71
 :o are dress$ to repres5t ! prophet1   
?r[+ corn meal 9 front ( !m :5 !y       
travel4   #afc4 ,! ,,second ,,picture is
 said to be a repres5tation ( ! pa9t+1  
:i* ! prophet saw 9 ! home ( ! be>s 9 ! 
,c>rizo ,m\nta9s 7p>agraph #dj74 ,9 !   
c5t] ( ?is figure is ! b[l ( wat] cov]$ 

) black p[d]1 to :i* ,i ref]r$ be=e4 ,! 
edge ( ! b[l is adorn$ ) sunbeams1 &    
ext]nal to x are ! f\r cabitlol1 or     
sunbeam rafts1 on :i* seem to /& f\r    
gods1 or yays4  #afd4 ,! div9e =ms are  
%ap$ alike b color$ diff]5tly4 ,!y lie )
 heads ext5d$ outw>d1 "o to ea* ( ! f\r 
c>d9al po9ts ( ! compass1 ! faces look+ 
=w>d1 ! arms half ext5d$ on ei!r side1 )
 ! h&s rais$ to a level ) ! %\ld]s4 ,!y 
we> ar\nd _! lo9s skirts ( r$ sunlight1 
adorn$ ) sunbeams4 ,!y h e> p5dants1    
bracelets1 & armlets1 blue & r$ 7(      
turquoise & coral71 ! prehi/oric &      
emblematic jewels ( ! ,navajo4 ,_! =e>ms
 & legs are black1 %[+ 9 ea* a zigzag   
m>k to repres5t lightn+ on ! surface ( !
 black ra9 cl\ds4 ,9 ! nor? god ^!      
colors are1 = arti/ic reasons1 rev]s$4  
,ea* be>s1 atta*$ to 8 "r h& ) a /r+1 a 
rattle1 a *>m1 & a basket4 ,! rattle is 
( ! %ape ( ^? us$ by ! m$ic9e m5 9 ?is  
p>ticul> dance1 made ( raw hide & pa9t$ 
to symbolize ! ra9 cl\d & lightn+4 ,!   
left h& is empty2 b beside ea* "o is a  

highly conv5tionaliz$ picture ( a plant4
 ,! left h& rema9s empty1 z x 71 to     
grasp ?is plant1 to indicate t ! plant  
at ! left h& belongs to ! god ^:        
correspond+ h& is unoccupi$ & ext5d$    
t[>ds x4 ,! proprietor%ip ( ea* god 9 8 
own p>ticul> plant is fur!r indicat$ by 
mak+ ! plant ! same color z ! god4 ,!   
body ( ! ea/]n god is :ite2 s is ! /alk 
( corn at 8 left1 9 ! s\!a/4 ,! body ( !
 s\!rn god is blue2 s is ! bean/alk     
beside him1 9 ! s\?we/4 ,! body ( !     
we/]n god is yell[2 s is 8 pumpk9 v9e1 9
 ! nor?we/4 ,! body ( ! nor? god is     
black2 s is ! tobacco plant1 :i* is "u 8
 special protection1 9 ! nor!a/4  #afe4 
,ea* ( ! f\r sacr$ plants is repres5t$ z
 gr[+ f five :ite roots 9 ! c5tral wat]s
 & spread+ outw>ds to ! p]iph]y ( !     
picture4 ,! gods =m "o cross ^: limbs   
are direct$ to ! f\r c>d9al po9ts2 !    
plants =m ano!r cross hav+ a common c5t]
 ) ! fir/ nam$ cross1 b ^: limbs ext5d  
to ! int]m$iate po9ts ( ! compass4      
#aff4 ,on ! head ( ea* yay is an eagle  

plume ly+ horizontally & po9t+ to ! "r4 
,a simil> arrangem5t ( f\r plumes1 all  
po9t+ 9 "o direction 7contr>y to ! sun's
 app>5t c\rse71 may be obs]v$ on !      
baskets c>ri$ by ! gods4                
,illu/ration3   ,bureau ( ,e?nology     
,fif? ,annual ,report ,pl4 ,,xvi        
,,second ,,dry ,,pa9t+  #afg4 ,! gods   
are repres5t$ ) beautiful embroid]$     
p\*es1 ea* ( a diff]5t patt]n4 ,9 old   
days ! mo/ beautiful ?+s 9 art ! ,navajo
 knew ( 7 ! porcup9e quill embroid]ies (
 ! nor!rn races4 ,! art ( g>ni%+ )      
quills1 & lat] ) beads1 seems nev] to h 
be5 practic$ to any ext5t by ! ,navajo  
wom54 ,!y obta9$ embroid]ies ( ! ,ute & 
o!r nor!rn tribes1 & _! anci5t leg5ds   
ab\nd 9 allusions to ! great e/eem 9 :i*
 !y held !m4 7,see1 = in/ance1 p>agraphs
 #cb1 #cd47 ,h5ce1 to repres5t ! gr&eur 
& pot5cy ( _! gods1 !y adorn !m ) ^!    
beautiful & mu* covet$ articles4  #afh4 
,surr\nd+ ! picture on ab\t ?ree-f\r?s (
 its circumf]5ce is ! an?ropomorphic    
ra9b[ or ra9b[ deity4 ,x consi/s ( two  

long /ripes1 ea* ab\t two in*es wide 9 !
 orig9al picture1 "o ( blue1 "o ( r$1   
bord]$ & sep>at$ by n>r[ l9es ( :ite4   
,at ! s\!a/]n end ( ! b[ is a           
repres5tation ( ! body bel[ ! wai/1 su* 
z ! o!r gods h1 consi/+ ( p\*1 skirt1   
legs1 & feet4 ,at ! nor!a/]n end we h   
head1 neck1 & arms4 ,! head ( ! ra9b[ is
 rectangul>1 :ile ! heads ( ! o!r =ms 9 
?is picture are r\nd4 ,9 ! pictures ( ! 
,y ybi*y dance we frequ5tly obs]ve !    
same diff]5ce 9 ! heads4 ,"s are        
rectangul>1 "s are r\nd2 ! =m] are      
females1 ! latt] males2 & :5ev] any ( ^!
 gods are repres5t$1 by *>act]s1 9 a    
dance1 ^? :o enact ! females we> squ>e  
/iff masks1 l our dom9oes1 :ile ^? :o   
enact ! males we> r\ndi%1 baglike masks1
 ( s(t sk91 t completely envelop ! head4
 ,! ra9b[ god 9 all ^! pictures we>s !  
rectangul> mask4 ,iris1 !re=e1 is ) !   
,navajo z well z ) ! ,greeks a goddess4 
#afi4 ,all ! o!r gods be> some?+ 9 _!   
h&s1 :ile ! h&s ( ! ra9b[ are empty4    
,?is is n )\t int5tion4 ,:5 ! p]son = ^:

 b5efit ! rites are p]=m$ is br\ght 9 to
 be pray$ & sung ov]1 ! sacr$ potion is 
brew$ 9 a b[l1 :i* is plac$ on !        
out/ret*$ h&s ( ! ra9b[ :ile ! c]emony  
is 9 progress & only tak5 f ^! h&s :5 ! 
draught is to be adm9i/]$4 ,!re=e ! h&s 
are dis5gag$1 t !y may hold ! g\rd & its
 cont5ts :5 ! "t comes 7p>agraph #ajf74 
#agj4 ,9 ! ea/1 :]e ! picture is n      
inclos$ by ! ra9b[1 we see ! =ms ( two  
birds /&+ ) w+s out/ret*$1 fac+ "o      
ano!r1 _! beaks close toge!r4 ,^!       
repres5t c]ta9 birds ( blue plumage     
call$ by ! ,navajo li 7,sialia arctica74
 ,?is bluebird is ( ! color ( ! s\? & ( 
! upp] regions4 ,he is ! h]ald ( !      
morn+4 ,8 call ( li li is ! fir/ t is   
he>d :5 ! gray dawn approa*es4 ,!re=e is
 he sacr$1 & 8 fea!rs =m a compon5t "p (
 ne>ly all ! plume /icks us$ 9 ! wor%ip 
( ?is p4 ,two bluebirds1 x is said1 /&  
gu>d at ! door ( ! h\se :]e9 ^! gods    
dwell2 h5ce !y are repres5t$ 9 ! ea/ ( !
 picture4  #aga4 ,"h is an appropriate  
occasion to speak ( a "p ( ,navajo      

symbolism 9 color to :i* ref]5ce has    
already sev]al times be5 made4 ,9 !     
majority ( cases ! ea/ is repres5t$ by  
:ite1 ! s\? by blue1 ! we/ by yell[1 !  
nor? by black2 ! upp] _w by blue & ! l[]
 by a mixture ( :ite & black 9 spots4 ,!
 colors ( ! s\? & we/ seem to be        
p]man5t3 ! s\? is always blue & ! we/ is
 always yell[1 z f> z ,i c le>n2 b !    
colors ( ! ea/ & nor? are int]*angeable4
 ,! cases are r>e :]e :ite is assign$ to
 ! nor? & black to ! ea/2 b su* cases   
occur1 & p]haps 9 ea* in/ance m]it      
special /udy4 ,aga91 black repres5ts !  
male & blue ! female4   #agb4 ,! ,,?ird 
,,picture commemorates ! visit ( ,dsilyi
 ,neyni to a-behogan1 or ,lodge ( ,dew  
7p>agraph #ef74 ,to indicate ! great    
height ( ! ,bitss-n9z ! figures are     
twice ! l5g? ( any 9 ! o!r pictures1    
except ! ra9b[s1 & ea* is clo!d 9 f\r   
g>m5ts1 "o above ! o!r1 = no "o g>m5t1  
!y say1 c be made long en\gh to cov] su*
 giant =ms4 ,_! heads all po9t to ! ea/1
 in/ead ( po9t+ 9 diff]5t directions1 z 

9 ! o!r pictures4 ,! ,navajo relate1 z  
already told 7p>agraph #ef71 t ?is is 9 
ob$i5ce to a div9e m&ate2 b probably !re
 is a m practical reason1 :i* is ?is3 if
 !y _h ! cruci=m arrangem5t !re w\ld n  
be room on1 ! floor ( ! lodge = !       
figures & at ! same "t = ! %aman1       
assi/ants1 & spectators4 ,economy (     
space is ess5tial2 b1 al?\gh drawn ne>ly
 p>allel to "o ano!r1 ! prop] ord] ( !  
c>d9al po9ts is n lo/ sight (4 ,! =m    
imm$iately nor? ( ! c5t] ( ! picture is 
done fir/1 9 :ite1 & repres5ts ! ea/4 ,t
 imm$iately next to x on ! s\? comes    
second 9 ord]1 is pa9t$ 9 blue1 &       
repres5ts ! s\?4 ,! "o next bel[ t is 9 
yell[1 & depicts ! goddess :o /ood 9 !  
we/ ( ! ,h\se ( ,dew-,drops4 ,! figure 9
 ! extreme nor? is drawn la/ ( all1 9   
black1 & belongs to ! nor?4 ,z ,i h /at$
 be=e1 ^! bodies are fir/ made nak$ &   
aft]w>ds clo!d4 ,! expos$ *e/s1 arms1 & 
?ighs display ! colors ( :i* ! entire   
bodies 7 orig9ally compos$4 ,! gl       
7weasel1 ,putorius7 is sacr$ to ^!      

goddesses4 ,two ( ^! creatures are %[n 9
 ! ea/1 gu>d+ ! entrance to ! lodge4 ,! 
app5dages at ! sides ( ! heads ( !      
goddesses repres5t ! gl-bitc 1 or       
headdresses ( gl sk9s ( diff]5t colors  
:i* ^! my?ic p]sonages are said to we>4 
,ea* "o be>s atta*$ to h] "r h& a rattle
 & a *>m1 or plume /ick1 su* z ! gods 9 
! second picture c>ry2 b1 in/ead ( !    
basket %[n be=e1 we see a conv5tionaliz$
 repres5tation ( a bran* ( *oke *]ry 9  
blossom2 ?is consi/s ( five div]g+ /ems 
9 blue1 five roots1 & five cruci=m      
blossoms 9 :ite4 ,! *oke *]ry is a sacr$
 tree1 a m\nta9 plant2 its wood is us$ 9
 mak+ c]ta9 sacrificial plume /icks &   
c]ta9 implem5ts ( ! dance2 x is (t5     
m5tion$ 9 ! songs ( ?is p>ticul> rite4  
,"s o!r adjuncts ( ?is picture--! r$    
robes embroid]$ ) sunbeams1 ! arms &    
legs clo!d ) cl\ds & lightn+1 ! p5dants 
f ! arms1 ! blue & r$ armlets1          
bracelets1 & g>t]s--h already be5       
describ$ :5 speak+ ( ! second picture4  
,! object 9 ! left h& is a w& ( spruce4 

,illu/ration3   ,bureau ( ,e?nology     
,fif? ,annual ,report ,pl4 ,,xvii       
,,?ird ,,dry-,,pa9t+  #agc4 ,! ra9b[ :i*
 incloses ! picture on ?ree sides is n !
 an?ropomorphic ra9b[4 ,x has no head1  
neck1 arms1 or l[] extremities4 ,five   
:ite eagle plumes adorn its s\!a/]n     
extremity4 ,five tail plumes ( "s blue  
bird decorate ! b5d 9 ! s\?we/4 ,!      
plumes ( ! r$ %aft$ flick] 7,colaptes   
auratus v>4 mexicanus7 are ne> ! b5d 9 !
 nor?we/ & ! tail ( ! magpie t]m9ates ! 
nor!a/]n extremity4 ,?r\gh\t ! my?1 x w 
be rememb]$1 n only is ! ,h\se (        
,dew-,drops spok5 ( z adorn$ ) hang+s & 
fe/oons ( ra9b[s1 b _m ( ! holy dwell+s 
are ?us embelli%$4   #agd4 ,! ,,f\r?    
,,picture repres5ts ! ktso-yis n1 or    
great plum$ arr[s4 ,^! arr[s are !      
especial great my/]y1 ! pot5t heal+ *>m 
( ?is dance4 ,! picture is suppos$ to be
 a fac simile ( a repres5tation ( ^!    
weapons1 %[n to ! prophet :5 he visit$ !
 abode ( ! ,tsilk-ig9i1 or "y m5 gods1  
:]e he fir/ saw ! arr[s 7p>agraph #dg74 

,!re are eight arr[s4 ,f\r are 9 ! c5t]1
 ly+ p>allel to "o ano!r--two po9t+ ea/ 
& two o!rs1 alt]nate1 po9t+ we/4 ,!     
picture is bord]$ by ! o!r f\r1 :i* h ! 
same relative positions & directions z !
 b\nd+ s]p5ts 9 ! fir/ picture4 ,! %afts
 are all ( ! same :ite t9t1 no att5tion 
be+ paid to ! colors ( ! c>d9al po9ts2  
yet 9 draw+ & eras+ ! picture ! c>d9al  
po9ts are duly honor$4 ,among ! c5tral  
arr[s1 ! second f ! top1 or nor? m>g9 ( 
! design1 is t ( ! ea/2 x is drawn &    
eras$ fir/4 ,! next bel[ x is ! arr[ ( !
 s\?2 ! ?ird is t ( ! we/4 ,! "o on top 
belongs to ! nor?2 x is drawn & eras$   
la/4 ,! heads are pa9t$ r$ to repres5t !
 r$ /one po9ts us$2 ! fr+$ m>g9s %[ !   
irregul>ities ( _! edges4 ,! plumes at !
 butt are indicat$1 z are also ! /r+s by
 :i* ! plumes are ti$ on & ! not*es to  
receive ! b[/r+4  #age4 ,! gr\nd ( ?is  
picture is cross$ ) nebul\s black       
/reaks4 ,^! 7 orig9ally pres5t 9 all !  
pictures4 ,i h omitt$ !m 9 all b ?is1   
le/ !y might obscure ! details ( ! r$uc$

 copies4 ,x has be5 expla9$ to me       
7al?\gh 9 ! my? x is expressly /at$ only
 9 "o case1 p>agraph #dj7 t all ^!      
pictures 7 drawn by ! gods ^u ! cl\ds & 
?us 7 %[n to ! ,navajo prophet4 ,m5 _c  
pa9t on ! cl\ds1 b accord+ to ! div9e   
m&ate !y d ! be/ !y c on s&1 & !n       
spr9kle ! s& ) *>coal1 9 ! mann]        
indicat$1 to repres5t ! cl\dy scrolls   
:]eon ! primal designs ( ! cele/ial     
arti/s 7 pa9t$4   ,,sacrifices ,,(      
,,dsily,,dje ,,qac,l4  #agf4 ,!         
sacrifices made to ! gods dur+ ^!       
c]emonies consi/ ( no?+ m ?an a few     
/icks & fea!rs1 ) ! occasional addition 
( /r+s & beads--a =m ( sacrificial (f]+ 
common among v>i\s tribes ( ! ,s\?we/1  
includ+ ! s$5t>y ,indians1 ( ! pueblos4 
,dur+ ! six days' "w 9 ! m$ic9e lodge & 
! corral1 ,i saw b "o lot ( ^! /icks    
prep>$ 7p>agraphs #hf1 #hg72 b ,i ?9k   
?is lot repres5t$ two sets1 i4e41       
sacrifices to two diff]5t my?ical be+s4 
,x is1 h[ev]1 indicat$ 9 ! my? t a      
consid]able numb] ( ^! sacrifices1 call$

 by ! ,navajo ke n 7,engli%$1 ke? wn71  
belong to ! m\nta9 *ant & may prop]ly be
 (f]$ dur+ its celebration4 ,i h se5    
among ! ,navajo a few v>ieties ( ^!     
devotional (f]+s & ,i h obta9$          
descriptions ( _m4 ,al?\gh ,i _c rely on
 ! m9ute accuracy ( ^! descriptions1 ,i 
w pres5t !m = su* value z !y may possess
 9 illu/rat+ ! g5]al "* ( ?is sy/em (   
wor%ip1 a sy/em :i* might pr(itably     
occupy = ye>s ! be/ labors ( an e>ne/   
/ud5t to elucidate4  #agg4 ,fig4 #eh    
repres5ts a ke? wn belong+1 n to !      
m\nta9 *ant1 b to ! kldji-qa l1 or *ant 
( ! night4 ,x is sacr$ to ! ,y\? & !    
,maid5 ( ! ,rock ,cry/al1 div9e be+s :o 
dwell 9 ,tsisn tc9i1 a great m\nta9 nor?
 ( ! ,pueblo ( ,jemez4 ,! orig9al is 9 !
 ,national ,museum at ,wa%+ton4 ,x      
consi/s ( two /icks coat$ ) :ite e>? &  
jo9$ by a cotton /r+ a y>d long1 :i* is 
ti$ to ea* /ick by a clove hit*4 ,a     
black bead is on ! c5t] ( ! /r+2 a      
turkey fea!r & an eagle fea!r are secur$
 ) ! clove hit* to "o ( ! /icks4        

,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eh4 ,sacrificial  
/icks 7ke n74    ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4   
#ei4 ,! talk+ ke? wn 7kean-yalc74  #agh4
 ,fig4 #ei depicts a ke? wn p]ta9+ also 
to ! kldji-qa l4 ,x is call$ ke n-yali1 
or talk+ ke? wn4 ,! /icks are will[4 ,! 
"o to ! left is pa9t$ black1 to repres5t
 a male "* 7,qa/cbaka7 9 ! my? & c]emony
 ( kldji-qa l4 ,! o!r /ick is pa9t$     
blue1 to d5ote a female "* 7,qa/cbad7 9 
! same rites4 ,! blue /ick has a        
diagonal facet at ! top to indicate !   
squ>e topp$ female mask 7p>agraph #afh74
 ,! naturally r\nd end ( ! black /ick   
suffici5tly indicates ! r\nd male mask4 
,! cord wrapp$ ar\nd ! two /icks is     
simil> to t describ$ 9 ! p>agraph       
imm$iately prec$+4 ,ab\t ! middle ( !   
cord is a long :ite %ell bead1 %[n 9 !  
cut4 ,! brea/ fea!rs ( ! turkey & ! d[ny
 fea!rs ( ! eagle are atta*$ to ! /icks4
 ,?is ke? wn ,i saw once 9 ! possession 
( a ,navajo qa li4 ,i 0 p]mitt$ to sket*
 x1 b c\ld n pur*ase x4 ,! int]pretation
 giv5 ( its symbolism is t ( ! qa li :o 

own$ x4 ,9 ! my? ( kldji-qa l x is said 
t ! b5efic5t god ,qa/cli us$ ?is ke? wn 
:5 he remov$ f ! prophet ,co ! evil     
spell :i* _h be5 ca/ on ! latt] by ! w9d
 god4    ,illu/ration3   ,bureau (      
,e?nology   ,fif? ,annual ,report ,pl4  
,,xviii   ,,f\r? ,,dry-,,pa9t+  #agi4 ,9
 ,s*oolcraft's ,ar*ives ( ,aborig9al ,k1
 ,philadelphia1 #ahfj1 ,vol4 ,,iii1 page
 #cjf1 is a cut illu/rat+ an article    
und\bt$ly ( a simil> nature to t %[n 9  
,fig4 #ei4 ,x is a sacrificial plume    
/ick ( ! ,moki4 ,! ,moki int]pret]      
expla9$ to ,mr4 ,s*oolcraft t x conta9$ 
a message f ! ,indians to ! ,presid5t & 
! p>ticul>s ( ?is message are fully set 
=? 9 8 text4 ,at fir/ ,i d\bt$ if !     
object c\ld h any o!r purpose ?an a     
sacrificial "o & 0 incl9$ to discr$it ! 
/atem5t ( ! ,moki int]pret]4 ,b on le>n+
 t ! ,navajo _h a simil> arrangem5t (   
/icks & fea!rs1 :i* 0 call$ by !        
significant "n ( ke nyali1 or talk+ ke? 
wn1 ,i 0 m incl9$ to believe t "s ( ^!  
ke? wns may answ] a d\ble purpose & be  

us$ to convey messages1 or at lea/ s]ve 
z mnemonic aids to envoys4  #ahj4 ,!    
cac-bike n 7be> ke? wn7 spok5 ( 9 ! my? 
consi/$ ( two /icks1 ea* a span long1 "o
 pa9t$ black 7male71 ! o!r pa9t$ blue   
7female74 ,ea* _h r$ & blue b&s at !    
ends & 9 ! middle4 ,!re 7 no fea!rs or  
beads4 7,p>agraph #dj47  #aha4 ,!       
gl-bike n1 or sacrifices to ! weasels1 7
 f\r 9 numb]1 two yell[ & two :ite4 ,9  
prep>+ ! /icks "o end 0 always to be    
held to ! nor?1 ! o!r t[>ds ! s\?4 ,at  
ea* end a n>r[ circle ( r$ & a n>r[     
circle ( blue 7 pa9t$2 ! r$ be+ to !    
nor?1 i4e41 outside ( ! blue at "o end &
 inside ( x at ! o!r4 ,! weasel m5      
direct$ t ! /icks %\ld be buri$ 9 !     
gr\nd 9 ! same direction 9 :i* !y 7 held
 :5 be+ made1 ly+ f nor? to s\? ) ! out]
 r$ r+ at ! nor?4 7,p>agraph #da47      
#ahb4 ,f\r /icks p]ta9$ to ! klicts-bike
 n3 "o 0 black1 ) f\r :ite de] tracks   
pa9t$ on x2 ano!r 0 blue1 ) f\r yell[   
de] tracks2 a ?ird 0 :ite1 ) f\r black  
de] tracks2 ! f\r? 0 yell[1 ) f\r blue  

de] tracks4 ,! ,great ,s]p5t said to !  
,navajo prophet3 ,!re are c]ta9 moles   
:o1 :5 !y dig 9 ! gr\nd1 scatt] ! e>? 9 
a long w9d+ heap l ! =m ( a crawl+      
snake4 ,9 su* a heap ( e>? w y bury ^!  
ke? wns4 7,p>agraph #db47  #ahc4 ,!re   
are two /icks belong+ to ! ke? wn ( !   
lightn+ god 7in-bike n74 ,"o is black1 )
 a :ite zigzag /ripe f end to end2 ! o!r
 blue1 ) a yell[ zigzag /ripe f end to  
end4 7,p>agraph #dc47  #ahd4 ,! ,e/s    
n-igni1 or ,holy ,wom51 %[$ ! prophet b 
"o ke? wn /ick4 ,x 0 pa9t$ :ite &       
decorat$ ) ?ree pairs ( circul> b&s1 r$ 
& blue1 ! blue 9 ea* case be+ next to ! 
body ( ! pa9t] :ile he holds ! /ick 9   
decorat+ x4 ,?is ke? wn mu/ be buri$ at 
! base ( a "y spruce tree1 ) ! fir/ blue
 circle next to ! tree4 7,p>agraph #de47
  #ahe4 ,p\r /icks 7 %[n by !           
,tcik-cac-ntlehi4 ,!y 7 black1 spr9kl$ )
 specul> iron ore to make !m %9e2       
decorat$ ) ?ree pairs ( b&s1 r$ & blue1 
appli$ z 9 ! ke? wns ( ! ,e/s n-igni2 & 
buri$ "u a "y pion1 ) ! fir/ blue b& or 

circle next to ! tree4 7,p>agraph #df47 
#ahf4 ,! two ke? wns se5 by ,dsilyi     
,neyni at ,big ,oaks1 ! home ( !        
ig9-yosni1 7 bo? b&$ at ! ends ) blue & 
r$ & _h m>ks to symbolize ! giv]s4 ,"o 0
 :ite1 ) two pairs ( /ripes1 r$ & blue1 
runn+ l5g?wise4 ,! o!r 0 yell[1 ) _m    
/ripes ( black & yell[ runn+ l5g?wise4  
7,p>agraph #di47  #ahg4 ,at ,la/        
,m\nta91 ! home ( ! skunks1 two ke? wns1
 evid5tly int5d$ to symbolize ^!        
animals1 7 %[n to ! prophet & 8 div9e   
companions4 ,bo? ! /icks 7 black3 "o _h 
?ree :ite longitud9al /ripes on "o side2
 ! o!r _h ?ree longitud9al r[s ( :ite   
spots1 ?ree spots 9 ea* r[1 on "o side4 
7,p>agraph #ej47  #ahh4 ,! two /icks %[n
 by ! squirrels1 ,glodsilk  &           
,glodsiljni1 7 pa9t$ blue1 spr9kl$ )    
specul> iron ore1 & surr\nd$ at ! ends )
 r$ & blue b&s4 ,"o 0 to be plant$ at ! 
base ( a p9e tree & "o at ! base ( a    
spruce tree4  #ahi4 ,at ,dsily -in !    
porcup9es exhibit$ two ke? wns4 ,!y 7 v 
%ort1 be+ equal 9 l5g? to ! middle jo9t 

( ! little f+]4 ,"o 0 black & "o 0 blue4
 ,ea* _h r$ & blue t]m9al b&s & ea* _h a
 numb] ( :ite dots on "o side to        
repres5t porcup9e quills4 ,bury !m1 said
 z ni1 "u a pion tree4 7,p>agraph #eb47 
#aij4 ,at ,qoe/ f\r ke? wns1 r          
elaborately decorat$1 7 %[n4 ,two 7 half
 :ite & half black1 ! black "p hav+ :ite
 spots & ! :ite "p hav+ black spots on  
x4 ,! o!r two 7 half blue & half yell[1 
! yell[ be+ spott$ ) blue & ! blue )    
yell[4 ,!re 7 r$ & blue r+s at ! ends4  
7,p>agraph #ec47  #aia4 ,! ,tik-igni %[$
 _! visitors two ke? wns1 "o black & "o 
blue4 ,ea* 0 a span long & 0 surr\nd$ ) 
?ree pairs ( b&s1 blue & r$1 put on 9 ! 
mann] obs]v$ 9 mak+ ! ke? wns ( ! ,e/s  
n-igni4 7,p>agraph #ahd47 ,to ! c5t] ( !
 black ke? wn five blue fea!rs 7 ti$4   
,to ! c5t] ( ! blue ke? wn five yell[   
fea!rs 7 fa/5$4 ,five black beads 7     
int]r$ ) ! black /ick--"o ti$ to ! c5t]1
 "o /uck 9 ! end1 & ?ree laid loose 9 ! 
gr\nd4 ,five blue turquoise beads 7     
simil>ly buri$ ) ! blue /ick4 ,su* ke?  

wns mu/ be buri$ at ! foot ( a spruce   
tree1 ) ! heads t[>ds ! m\nta9s (       
epntsa4 ,by head is meant ! end held !  
f>!r f ! body ( ! pa9t] :5 ! pa9t is    
appli$1 ! end hav+ ! r$ b& at its       
extremity4 7,p>agraph #ed47             
,,orig9al ,,texts ,,& ,,translations ,,(
 ,,songs1 ,c4   #aib4 ,! songs ( !      
dsilydje qa l are v num]\s & _!         
recitation is gov]n$ by _m rules1 a few 
( :i* only h be5 discov]$ by ! writ]4   
#aic4 ,a li/ has be5 record$ ( ?irte5   
sets ( songs :i* may prop]ly be sung at 
night 9 ! m$ic9e lodge1 :5 ! c]emonies (
 ! day are done1 & 9 ! corral on ! la/  
night1 :5 !re is no special song 9      
progress p]ta9+ to a p>ticul> alili or  
dance4 ,! li/ :i* foll[s exhibits ! ord]
 9 :i* ^! songs may be sung on any      
p>ticul> night4 ,= example1 if ! s+]s   
beg9 ) a song f set ,,iii1 !y _c foll[  
imm$iately ) a song f sets ,i or ,,ii1 b
 ma/ select f "s ( ! foll[+ sets1 z set 
,,iv or ,v4 ,aga91 9 ea* set ! songs h a
 c]ta9 ord] ( sequ5ce :i* mu/ n be      

rev]s$4 ,= conv5i5ce ^! w be call$      
,,songs ,,( ,,sequ5ce4                  
----------------------------------------
----------------------------   ,ord]4   
,indian "n          ,engli% "n ( set4   
,numb] 9               ( set4           
ea* set4                                
----------------------------------------
----------------------------       ,i4  
,atstle ,big9     ,songs ( ! ,fir/      
,danc]s       #af      ,,ii4  ,ts9ts    
,big9      ,songs ( ! ,great ,/ick1     
#ab                                or   
,plum$ ,w&                  ,,iii4  ep  
,big9       ,songs ( ! ,m\nta9 ,%eep    
#ab      ,,iv4  ,in ,big9        ,songs 
( ! ,lightn+           #ab       ,v4    
,tsilk-igni      ,songs ( ! ,holy ,"y   
,m5      #ab             ,big9          
,,vi4  ,tcik-cac-ntlehi  ,songs ( ,"y   
#af             ,big9              ,wom5
 ,:o ,become ,be>s          ,,vii4      
,dsilyi ,neyni     ,songs ( ,re>$ ,)9   
#h             ,big9              !     
,m\nta9s                  ,,viii4       

,tshag9           ,awl songs            
#h      ,,ix4  ,nahik-g9         ,:it5+ 
songs                   #h       ,x4  z 
ni ,big9     ,songs ( ! ,porcup9es      
#g      ,,xi4  ,nanis ,big9       ,songs
 ( ! ,plants               #h     ,,xii4
  ,ts9il ,big9   ,songs ( ! ,explod+    
,/ick     #bf    ,,xiii4  ,yik -g9      
,daylight songs                   #af   
-----------                       ,total
                                   #afa 
----------------------------------------
-----------------------------   #aid4   
,besides ^? ref]r$ to 9 ! above li/1 !re
 are m :i* are appropriate to diff]5t   
acts 9 ! c]emony1 su* z ! songs sung at 
! oblit]ation ( ! pictures1 at ! build+ 
( ! corral1 at ! dep>ture ( ! akn9ili1  
c4  #aie4 ,9 "s cases a numb] ( songs 9 
! same set are ne>ly alike2 ! addition  
or sub/itution ( "o v]se1 or ev5 ( "o   
^w1 may be ! only diff]5ce4 ,su* songs  
usually foll[ "o ano!r 9 imm$iate       
succession2 (t51 on ! o!r h&1 we f9d a  
great v>iety 9 subject & 9 /yle4  #aif4 

,"s songs are self-explanatory or       
readily und]/ood1 b ! great] numb] _c be
 compreh5d$ )\t a full k ( ! my?ology & 
( ! symbolism to :i* !y ref]2 !y m]ely  
h9t at my?ic conceptions4 ,_m conta9    
ar*aic expressions1 = :i* ! %aman c     
assign a mean+1 b ^: etymology _c n[ be 
le>n$2 & "s embody obsolete words ^:    
mean+ is lo/ ev5 to ! prie/hood4 ,!re   
are _m vocables kn[n to be mean+less &  
recit$ m]ely to fill out ! rhy?m or to  
give a dignifi$ l5g? to ! song4 ,= !    
same reasons a mean+less syllable is (t5
 add$ or a significant syllable         
duplicat$4  #aig4 ,o!r poetical lic5ses 
are tak51 su* z ! omission ( a syllable1
 ! *ange ( acc5t1 ! sub/itution ( "o    
v[el = ano!r4 ,! mo/ famili> words are  
(t5 di/ort$ beyond recognition4 ,= ^!   
v>i\s reasons ! task ( not+ & translat+ 
^! songs is "o ( consid]able difficulty4
  #aih4 ,,fir/ ,,song ,,( ,,! ,,fir/    
,,danc]s4    ,qani qa ya1 qani qa ya    
,qani i oay oay4     #a4 ,qadj9a qa ya1 
#b4 ,ka dsil ilhyli qa ya1    #c4 altso 

ts qa ya1    #d4 ,cija ciglgo qa ya4    
,nhi ni hi oay1 nhi ini hi oh4    #e4   
,niqoya/c dje qa ya1    #f4 ,ka dsil    
olji qa ya1    #g4 ,k9i bits qa ya1     
#h4 ,cija ciglgo qa ya4         ,nhi ni1
 etc4    #i4 ,qadj9a qa ya1   #aj4 ,ka  
dsil lits qa ya1   #aa4 ,bitselits qa   
ya1   #ab4 ,cija ciglgo qa ya4          
,nhi ni1 etc4   #ac4 ,niqoya/c dje qa   
ya1   #ad4 ,ka dsil lak ie qa ya1   #ae4
 ,aai tse qa ya1   #af4 ,cija ciglgo qa 
ya4         ,nhi ni1 etc4  #aii4        
,translation4--#a1 #i4 ,qadj9 1         
,place-:]e-!y-came-up1 a locality 9 !   
,san ,juan ,m\nta9s :]e1 accord+ to _!  
my?ology1 ! ,navajo em]g$ f ! l[] _w to 
?is4 #e1 #ac4 ,niqoya/c dje1 ano!r "n = 
,qadj9 4 #b1 #f1 #aj1 #ad4 ,ka1 n[2     
dsil1 m\nta92 ilhyli1 black2 olji1 blue2
 lits1 yell[2 lak ie1 :ite4 ,^! v]ses   
ref] to f\r m\nta9s surr\nd+ ,qadj9 1   
:i* are designat$ by colors only to     
indicate _! topographical positions4 #c1
 #g1 #aa1 #ae4 altso  aa lits1 yell[ w+1
 a l>ge bird ( prey2 k9i1 h5 hawk2      

bitselits1 yell[ tail1 a bird (         
undet]m9$ species2 aai1 magpie2 tse1 a  
tail2 bitse1 its tail4 #d1 #h1 #ab1 #af4
 ,cija1 my treasure2 cigl1 my           
desid]atum1 my ultimatum1 ! only ?+ ,i w
 accept4 ,:5 suppos$ to be said by a    
god1 z 9 ?is song1 x means ! p>ticul>   
sacrifice :i* is appropriate to him4 ,9 
?is case probably ! fea!rs spok5 ( are  
cigl & ! m\nta9s cija4 ,! refra9 qa ya  
is a poetic modification ( qaa1 x looms 
up1 or /icks up1 said ( "s l(ty object  
visible 9 ! di/ance1 ^: base _c be se54 
#bjj4 ,free translation4                
,place-:5ce-!y-came-up looms up1   ,n[ !
 black m\nta9 looms up1   ,! tail ( !   
yell[ w+ looms up1   ,my treasure1 my   
sacrifice1 loom up4                     
,l&-:]e-!y-mov$-out looms up1   ,n[ !   
blue m\nta9 looms up1   ,! tail ( !     
h5-hawk looms up1   ,my treasure1 my    
sacrifice1 loom up4                     
,place-:5ce-!y-came-up looms up1   ,n[ !
 yell[ m\nta9 looms up1   ,! tail t is  
yell[ looms up1   ,my treasure1 my      

sacrifice1 loom up4                     
,l&-:]e-!y-mov$-out looms up1   ,n[ !   
:ite m\nta9 looms up1   ,! tail ( !     
magpie looms up1   ,my treasure1 my     
sacrifice1 loom up4  #bja4 ,,fir/ ,,song
 ,,( ,,! ,,m\nta9 ,,%eep4     #a4 ,yki  
asizni1    #b4 ,ka ,tsilk-igni1    #c4  
,ka ktso-yis ni1    #d4 ,tsa balli1     
#e4 ,bja-yeigngo4    #f4 ,ka ,tcik igni1
    #g4 ,ktsoye yis ni1    #h4 ,yki     
asizni1    #i4 ,tsa balli1   #aj4       
,bja-yeigngo4  #bjb4 ,translation4--#a1 
#h4 ,yki1 ^u x2 asiz91 he /&s on high4  
#b1 #f4 ,ka1 n[2 tsilk1 "y man2 tcik1 "y
 woman2 igni1 holy4 #c4 ,ktso-yis n1 !  
great plum$ arr[2 ktsoye yis n1 ) !     
great plum$ arr[4 #d1 #i4 ,tsa1 truly1  
v]ily2 balli1 an alili1 a %[1 a rite1 or
 implem5t us$ 9 a dance = him4 #e1 #aj4 
,bja1 8 treasure1 8 special prop]ty1 8  
peculi> belong+2 ye1 )1 a prefix =m+    
n\ns :i* d5ote ! means2 igngo1          
positively holy or sup]natural4         
,bja-yeigngo might be translat$ *>m or  
talisman4  #bjc4 ,free translation4     

,he /&s high ^u x2   ,n[ ! ,holy ,"y    
,man ,"y ,woman1 9 second /anza1   ,) ! 
great plum$ arr[1   ,v]ily 8 own sacr$  
implem5t1   ,8 treasure1 by virtue ( :i*
 he is truly holy4  #bjd4 ,a ref]5ce to 
! my?1 & ! description ( ! c]emonies w  
probably be suffici5t to give ! read] an
 und]/&+ ( ?is song4 ,?is set ( songs1 x
 is said1 0 fir/ sung by ! black %eep   
:i* /ood on ! rock z a sign to ! ,navajo
 fugitive2 h5ce ! "n4 7,see p>agraphs   
#ce1 #dg1 #dh1 #ed47  #bje4 ,,six?      
,,song ,,( ,,! ,,m\nta9 ,,%eep4         
,b9aole f\r times oyhe oh4     #a4 ,ka  
,tsilk-igni1    #b4 ,cabitlli y1    #c4 
,tsa bialli1    #d4 ,bja yeigngo1    #e4
 ,b9aole oyhe oh4    #f4 ,ka ,tcik-igni1
    #g4 ,natsili y1    #h4 ,tsa bialli1 
#i4 ,bja yeigngo1   #aj4 ,b9aole oyhe   
oh4  #bjf4 ,translation4--#a1 #f4 ,ka1  
n[2 tsilk1 "y man2 tcik1 "y woman2 igni 
holy "o1 god or goddess4 #b4 ,cabitll1  
sunbeam1 sunbeams2 ye1 )4 #c1 #h4 ,tsia1
 v]ily2 bialli 7p>agraph #c71 8 dance or
 sacr$ implem5t4 #d1 #i4 ,bja1 8 special

 prop]ty1 8 treasure2 yeigngo1 t by     
means ( :i* he is ign1 i4e41 holy or    
sup]natural4 #e1 #aj4 ,b9ala1 x is      
encircl$4 #g4 ,natsili1 ! ra9b[4  #bjg4 
,free translation4    ,n[ ! ,holy ,"y   
,man1   ,) ! sunbeam1   ,v]ily 8 own    
sacr$ implem5t1   ,8 treasure :i* makes 
him holy1   ,is encircl$4    ,n[ ! ,holy
 ,"y ,woman1   ,) ! ra9b[1   ,v]ily h]  
own sacr$ implem5t1   ,h] treasure :i*  
makes h] holy1   ,is encircl$4  #bjh4   
,:i* is to say t ! great plum$ arr[s :i*
 !y be> are adorn$ ) sunbeams & ra9b[s4 
,!y %9e 9 glory4 7,see ref]5ces 9       
p>agraph #bjd7  #bji4 ,,twelf? ,,song   
,,( ,,! ,,m\nta9 ,,%eep4    #a4 ,nayunni
 tcnia1   #b4 ,ka biltsos tcnia1   #c4  
,biqolg1 tcnia4   #d4 ,nayunni tcnia1   
#e4 ,ka binackji tcnia1   #f4 ,biqolg1  
tcnia4  #baj4 ,translation4--#a1 #d4    
,nayunni1 aga9 on ! o!r side1 i4e41     
across two valleys4 #b4 ,bi1 8 horns2   
iltsos1 sl5d]2 biltsos1 sl5d] horns1    
i4e41 ! de]1 by metonomy4 #c1 #f4       
,biqolg1 x is becom+ to him4 #e4 ,bi1 8 

horns2 nackj1 turgid1 fill$ out1 /uff$2 
binackji1 turgid horns--metonymically1 !
 m\nta9 %eep1 ,ovis montana4 ,! refra91 
tcnia1 he appe>s1 he comes 9 sight4     
#baa4 ,free translation4    ,f> beyond  
he appe>s2   ,n[ ,sl5d] ,horn appe>s4   
,8 antl]s are becom+4 ,he appe>s4   ,f> 
beyond he appe>s2   ,n[ ,turgid ,horn   
appe>s4   ,8 horns are becom+4 ,he      
appe>s4  #bab4 ,?is song1 x is said1    
ref]s to ! "t :5 ! prophet saw ! vision 
( ! black %eep on ! rock4 7,p>agraph    
#ce47 ,! reason = introduc+ ! de] into !
 song is n obvi\s4  #bac4 ,,fir/ ,,song 
,,( ,,! ,,?und]4     #a4 na6 na6        
,a-a-iyhe oh repeat1    #b4 ,yako ani2  
#c4 ,inidji ani2    #d4 ,kos ilhyl      
biydje1    #e4 ,nabiz  qolg1    #f4 na6 
na6 ,a-a-iyhe oh    #g4 na6 na6         
,a-a-iyhe oh repeat1    #h4 ,yyako ani2 
#i4 ,anil ni ani2   #aj4 ,nnise bicq ko1
   #aa4 ,nabiza qolg1   #ab4 na6 na6    
,a-a-iyhe oh4  #bad4 ,translation4--#a1 
#f1 #g1 #ab4 na1 an imitation ( ! ?und]1
 n a ^w4 #b1 #h4 ,yako1 above2 yyako1   

bel[2 ani1 any s\nd1 ! s\nd ( ! voice4  
#c4 ,inidji p]ta9+ to ! ?und]4 #d4 ,kos1
 cl\d2 ilhyl1 black1 d>k2 biydje1 )91 or
 t[>d )9 x4 #e1 #aa4 ,nabiza qolg1 aga9 
& aga9 s\nds 8 mov+ voice4 #i4 ,anil ni1
 a g5]al "n = l>ge mead[ gras%opp]s4    
#aj4 ,nnise1 plants 9 g5]al2 biq ko1 9  
among !m4  #bae4 ,free translation4     
,?onah6 ,?onah6   ,!re is a voice above1
   ,! voice ( ! ?und]4   ,)9 ! d>k cl\d1
   ,aga9 & aga9 x s\nds1   ,?onah6      
,?onah6    ,?onah6 ,?onah6   ,!re is a  
voice bel[1   ,! voice ( ! gras%opp]4   
,among ! plants1   ,aga9 & aga9 x s\nds1
   ,?onah6 ,?onah6  #baf4 ,,twelf?      
,,song ,,( ,,! ,,?und]4    ,aena4       
,beqojnigo anii f\r times oh4     #a4   
,yako anii2    #b4 ,inidji anii2    #c4 
,kos ilhyl biydje1    #d4 ,n biza qolg1 
#e4 ,beqojnigo anii1 oh4    #f4 ,yyako  
anii2    #g4 ,anil ni anii2    #h4      
,nnise biq ko1    #i4 ,n biza qolg1     
#aj4 ,beqojnigo anii1 oh4  #bag4        
,translation4--,aena1 a mean+less beg9n+
 to _m songs1 :i* may be omitt$4 #a4    

,yako1 above4 #b4 ,inidji1 p]ta9+ to !  
?und]4 #c4 ,kos1 cl\d2 ilhyl1 d>k2      
biydje1 )9 x4 #d1 #i4 ,n biza1 8 voice  
aga91 8 voice repeat$2 qolg1 s\nds      
along1 s\nds mov+4 #e1 #aj4 7,be1 a     
prefix =m+ n\ns ( ! cause or in/rum5t2  
qojni1 local or t]re/rial beauty2 g1 a  
suffix to qualify+ words72 beqojnigo1   
productive ( t]re/rial beauty2 ani1 a   
voice1 a s\nd4 #f4 ,yyako1 bel[4 #g4    
,anilani1 gras%opp]4 #h4 ,nnise1 plants2
 biq ko1 9 among !m4  #bah4 ,free       
translation4    ,! voice t beautifies ! 
l&6   ,! voice above1   ,! voice ( !    
?und]   ,)9 ! d>k cl\d   ,aga9 & aga9 x 
s\nds1   ,! voice t beautifies ! l&4    
,! voice t beautifies ! l&6   ,! voice  
bel[2   ,! voice ( ! gras%opp]   ,among 
! plants   ,aga9 & aga9 x s\nds1   ,!   
voice t beautifies ! l&4  #bai4 ,,fir/  
,,song ,,( ,,! ,,holy ,,"y ,,m51 ,,or   
,,"y ,,m5 ,,gods4    #a4 ,oc qa nag-a-i1
   #b4 ,ka ,tsilk-igni1   #c4 ,dsil     
ilhyl biy gi1   #d4 ,biy ji nal4   #e4  
,aie qa nag-a-i1   #f4 ,ka ,tcik-ig9i1  

#g4 ,dsil olj biy gi1   #h4 ,biy ji nal4
  #bbj4 ,translation4--#a1 #e4 qa  biqa1
 amid or among !m2 nagai1 t1 !re4 #b4   
,ka1 n[2 ,tsilk-igni1 ,holy ,"y ,man2   
,tcik-igni1 ,holy ,"y ,woman4 #c1 #g4   
,dsil1 m\nta92 ilhyl1 black2 olj1 blue2 
biy gi1 at ! foot (1 at ! base (4 #d1   
#h4 ,biy ji1 8 *ild2 nal1 he lays d[n1  
he leaves4  #bba4 ,free translation4    
,!re amid ! m\nta9s1   ,n[ ! ,holy ,"y  
,man1   ,at ! foot ( ! black m\nta91    
,lays d[n 8 *ild4    ,!re amid !        
m\nta9s1   ,n[ ! ,holy ,"y ,woman1   ,at
 ! foot ( ! blue m\nta91   ,lays d[n h] 
*ild4  #bbb4 ,! *>act]s ( ,tsilk-igni & 
,tcik-igni are 9 ! my?4 ,! black m\nta91
 p]ta9s to ! male1 ! blue to ! female4  
,al?\gh n told ) ! re/ ( ! my?1 x 0     
subsequ5tly relat$ to ! writ] t         
,tsilk-igni said to ! prophet1 ,:oev]   
le>ns our songs w !nce=? be our *ild4 ,!
 above song1 x is said1 has "s ref]5ce  
to ?is promise2 b a full] explanation1  
no d\bt1 rema9s to be discov]$4  #bbc4  
,,six? ,,song ,,( ,,! ,,holy ,,"y ,,m54 

,aena4   ,alts ci igni oh4    #a4 ,alts 
ci igni1 alts ci igni1 alts ci igni oh4 
#b4 ,ka ,tsilk-igni1 bak gi igni1   #c4 
,dsil ilhyli e1 bak gi igni1   #d4      
,ts9tso ilhyli e bak gi igni1   #e4 ,tsa
 bialli1 bja yeigngo1 bak gi igni1 oh4  
,alts ci igni oh4    #f4 ,alts ci igni1 
alts ci igni1 alts ci igni oh4   #g4 ,ka
 ,tcik-igni1 bak gi igni1   #h4 ,dsil   
olji c1 bak gi igni1   #i4 ,ts9tso olji1
 bak gi igni1   #aj4 ,tsa bialli1 bja   
yeigngo1 bak gi igni1 oh4  #bbd4        
,translation4-- #a1 #f4 ,alts ci1 on ea*
 side2 igni1 a holy "o1 a god4 #b1 #g4  
,ka1 n[2 tsilk1 "y man2 tcik1 "y woman2 
bak gi1 on ! summit1 on top ( x4 #c1 #h4
 ,dsil1 m\nta92 ilhyl1 d>k1 black2 olji1
 blue4 #d1 #i4 ,ts9tso1 great /ick1 a   
not*$ /ick us$ z a musical in/rum5t 9 ! 
dance4 #e1 #aj4 ,tsa bialli1 truly 8    
dance implem5t2 bja yeigngo1 8 holy     
treasure1 8 talisman1 8 *>m1 8 magic w&4
  #bbe4 ,free translation4    ,!re's a  
god on ea* side4   ,n[ ! ,holy ,"y ,man 
,is ! god on top ( ! black m\nta91   ,) 

8 black not*$ /ick1   ,! implem5t ( 8   
dance1 8 magic w&4    ,!re's a god on   
ea* side4   ,n[ ! ,holy ,"y ,woman   ,is
 ! god on top ( ! blue m\nta91   ,) h]  
blue not*$ /ick1   ,! implem5t ( h]     
dance1 h] magic w&4  #bbf4 ,?is song is 
said to ref] to t "p ( ! my? :]e x is   
relat$ t ! prophet1 fly+ f ! ,ute1      
climb$ a hill :i* 0 trans=m$ into a     
m\nta94 7,p>agraph #ch47 ,ea* m\nta9 0  
suppos$ to h a holy "o on x1 :o c\ld1 by
 means ( 8 not*$ /ick1 produce !        
metamorphosis4 ,! m\nta9s 7 n necess>ily
 color$ black & blue1 b are ?us describ$
 to indicate t !y lay nor? & s\? ( !    
prophet's pa?4 7,p>agraph #aga47   #bbg4
 ,,twelf? ,,song ,,( ,,! ,,holy ,,"y    
,,m54    ,e-a-ia q la la ya9he1 oh4     
,e-a-ia q la la ya9oo yaa  yoo ?ree     
times1   ,e-a-ia q la la ya9 1 q la la  
qa9 he oh4    #a4 ,dsil ilhyli inloo yaa
  yoo1   #b4 ,ts9tso ilhyli inloo yaa   
yee4   #c4 ,ci ciglgo ya9 1      ,qala  
la qa9 he oh4    #d4 ,dsil olji inloo   
yaa  yoo1   #e4 ,ts9tso ilhyli inloo yaa

  yee1   #f4 ,ci ciglgo ya9 1      ,qala
 la qa9 he oh4  #bbh4 ,translation4--#a1
 #d4 ,dsil1 m\nta92 ilhyl1 black2 olj1  
blue4 #b1 #e4 ,ts9ts1 a not*$ /ick us$ 9
 c]emonies to make music2 inlo 7inla71  
!y lie !re 7two long h>d ?+s lie74 #c1  
#f4 ,cigl1 my ultimatum1 my desid]atum  
7said ( ! peculi> sacrifice :i* belongs 
to ea* god71 some?+ ,i 7! god7 w h &    
accept no?+ 9 place ( x1 my special     
sacrifice4  #bbi4 ,free translation4    
,!re lie ! black m\nta9s2   ,!re lie !  
black /icks2   ,!re lie my sacrifices4  
,!re lie ! blue m\nta9s2   ,!re lie !   
blue /icks2   ,!re lie my sacrifices4   
#bcj4 ,?is is suppos$ to be a "p ( !    
in/ructions :i* ! ,holy ,"y ,m5 & ,holy 
,"y ,wom5 gave to ! prophet4 ,! ts9tso  
is made ( *]ry1 :i* gr[s only on high   
m\nta9s 9 ! ,navajo c\ntry4 ,! /icks are
 pa9t$ black & blue4 7,see p>agraph     
#aga47 ,! song alludes to all ^! facts4 
#bca4 ,,eigh? ,,song ,,( ,,! ,,"y ,,wom5
 ,,:o ,,become ,,be>s4    oignia oy he1 
oh1   oignia oy  oy  ooy ya             

,h-a-iy ya h-a-iy ya h-a-iy he1 oh4     
#a4 ,ka ,tsilk-igni oigna h-a-iy he1 oh1
   #b4 ,bits9tsi i oigna h-a-iy he ohe1 
#c4 ,tsa bialli bja-yeigni1 oy  oy 1 oy 
ya1        ,h-a-iy ya h-a-iy ya h-a-iy  
he1 oh4    oignia oy he1 oh1   oignia oy
  oy  ooy ya1       ,h-a-iy ya h-a-iy ya
 h-a-iy he1 oh4    #d4 ,ka ,tcik-igni   
oigna h-a-iy he1 oh1   #e4 ,bits9tsi i  
oig9a h-a-iy he oh1   #f4 ,tsa bialli   
bja-yeigni1 oy  oy 1 oy ya1             
,h-a-iy ya h-a-iy ya h-a-iy he1 oh4     
#bcb4 ,translation4-- oignia1 oignia1 he
 is n a god2 x is n holy2 x is n div9e4 
#a1 #d4 ,ka1 n[2 tsilk1 "y man2 tcik1 "y
 woman2 igni1 holy1 sup]natural4 #b1 #d4
 ,bits9tsi1 8 great not*$ /ick4 #c1 #f4 
,tsa1 v]ily2 bialli1 8 implem5t ( !     
dance or rite2 bja-yeigni1 8 treasure   
:i* makes holy2 8 magic w&4  #bcc4 ,free
 translation4    ,! ,holy ,"y ,man is n 
div9e2   ,8 great not*$ /ick is n holy2 
,8 magic w& is n holy4    ,! ,holy ,"y  
,woman is n div9e2   ,h] great not*$    
/ick is n holy2   ,h] magic w& is n     

holy4  #bcd4 ,?is is suppos$ to ref] to 
an alt]cation betwe5 ^! two gods1 9 :i* 
!y tri$ to belittle ea* o!r4  #bce4 ,i h
 ano!r song ( ?is s]ies1 9 :i* ! idea is
 convey$ t _! p[]s dep5d on _! magic w&s
 or not*$ /icks4  #bcf4 ,,"o ,,( ,,!    
,,awl ,,songs4    we we we y ni y  ow n 
na a repeat ?ree times1   we we ni he   
oh4    #a4 ,ke-cac-natlhi natcag hi1    
#b4 ,ka dsil ilhyli bak gi natcag hi1   
#c4 ,ka ni inz  9 oholna na1   #d4 ,ka  
ni inz  9 onia na4   #e4 ,tcik-igni     
natcag hi1   #f4 ,dsil olji bak gi      
natcag hi1   #g4 ,ka ni inz  91 oholna  
na1   #h4 ,ka ni inz  91 onia na4  #bcg4
 ,translation4--#a4 ,ke1 an abbreviation
 ( tcik2 ,tcik-cac-natlhi1 maid5 :o     
becomes a be>2 natcag 1 %e travels f>1  
%e walks or w&]s f> ar\nd4 #b4 ,ka1 n[2 
dsil ilhyl1 black m\nta92 bak gi1 on top
 (4 #c1 #d1 #g1 #h4 ,ni1 e>?1 l&2 inz 1 
di/ant2 91 x lies1 x /ret*es2 oholna1   
seems n to be2 onia1 n obscure or dim l 
a fa9t di/ance4 #f4 ,dsil olji bak gi1  
on top ( ! blue m\nta9s4  #bch4 ,free   

translation4    ,! ,maid ,:o ,becomes a 
,be> walks f> ar\nd   ,on ! black       
m\nta9s1 %e walks f> ar\nd4   ,f>       
spreads ! l&4 ,x seems n f> to h]4   ,f>
 spreads ! l&4 ,x seems n dim to h]4    
,! ,holy ,"y ,woman walks f> ar\nd   ,on
 ! blue m\nta9s1 %e walks f> ar\nd4     
,f> spreads ! l&4 ,x seems n f> to h]4  
,f> spreads ! l&4 ,x seems n dim to h]4 
#bci4 ,,fir/ ,,song ,,( ,,! ,,explod+   
,,/ick4    ,aena4   ,aey  -a-ia aeya i e
 iee ?ree times i lan4    #a4           
,ke-cac-ntlhi dsilyi ilkon i nan1   #b4 
,dsilyi olklkon2 dsil bekonne i nan1    
,i nan yah  h-a-i  i nan a4   #c4 abasni
 oyi ilkon i nan1   #d4 oyi olklkon2    
obekonne i nan1          ,i nan yah     
h-a-i  i nan a4  #bdj4                  
,translation4--#a1 #c4 ,ke-cac-natlhi   
,tcik-cac-ntlehi1 ,"y ,woman ,:o        
,becomes a ,be>2 abas91 ! ,ott]2 ilkon1 
he or %e set on fire 9 _m places4 #b1   
#d4 ,dsil1 m\nta9s2 dsilyi1 9 ! m\nta9s2
 o1 wat]1 wat]s2 oyi1 9 ! wat]s2        
olkolkon1 he set on fire z he w5t along2

 bekonne1 its fires 9 a l9e1 its /r+ (  
fires4  #bda4 ,free translation4    ,"y 
,woman ,:o ,becomes a ,be> set fire 9 ! 
m\nta9s   ,9 _m places2 z %e j\rney$ on 
,!re 0 a l9e ( burn+ m\nta9s4    ,!     
,ott] set fire 9 ! wat]s   ,9 _m places2
 z he j\rney$ on   ,!re 0 a l9e ( burn+ 
wat]s4  #bdb4 ,x is relat$ t 9 ! anci5t 
days1 dur+ a ye> ( great dr\ght1 ^! holy
 ones1 on _! way to a c\ncil ( ! gods1  
set fire to ! m\nta9s & ! wat]s4 ,!     
smoke arose 9 great cl\ds1 f :i* ra9    
desc5d$ on ! p>*$ l&4 ,! song alludes to
 ?is leg5d4  #bdc4 ,,la/ ,,song ,,( ,,! 
,,explod+ ,,/ick4    ,hi iee na-a-i     
-a-i  i a ai an an twice ie4    #a4     
,tcik-cac-ntlehi igni qayik lgo2 b niya 
-a-i4   #b4 ,dsil aga az gi igni qayik  
lgo2 b niya -a-i4   #c4 ,tsa ci cigliye 
igni qayik lgo2 b niya -a-i4   #d4 ,y ne
 ol nego isitsa ye4          ,hi iee    
na-a-i 1 etc4    #e4 ,ka ,tcik-igni igni
 qayik lgo2 b niya -a-i4   #f4 ,kos aga 
az gi igni qayik lgo2 b niya -a-i4   #g4
 ,tsa ci cigliye igni qayik lgo2 b niya 

-a-i4   #h4 ,y ne ol nego isitsa ye4    
,hi iee na-a-i 1 etc4  #bdd4            
,translation4--#a1 #e4 ,tcik-cac-ntlehi1
 ,"y ,woman ,:o ,becomes a ,be>2 ,tcik- 
igni1 ,holy ,"y ,woman1 or "y woman     
goddess2 igni qayik l1 %e j\rney$ seek+ 
! gods2 b niya1 %e f\nd !m1 %e met !m4  
#b1 #f4 ,dsil1 m\nta9s2 kos1 cl\ds2 aga1
 peak1 summit2 az 1 _m po9t+ upw>ds2    
7dsil aga az gi1 on _m m\nta9 peaks74   
#c1 #g4 ,tsa1 truly or true2 cigl1 my   
desid]atum1 my special sacrifice4 #d1   
#h4 ol ne  ol a1 "s "o does n believe x2
 isits 1 ,i h he>d2 y ne & o!r vocables 
are mean+less4  #bde4 ,free translation4
    ,maid ,:o ,becomes a ,be> s\ght !   
gods & f\nd !m2   ,on ! high m\nta9     
peaks %e s\ght ! gods & f\nd !m2        
,truly ) my sacrifice %e s\ght ! gods & 
f\nd !m4   ,somebody d\bts x1 s ,i h    
he>d4    ,holy ,"y ,woman s\ght ! gods &
 f\nd !m2   ,on ! summits ( ! cl\ds %e  
s\ght ! gods & f\nd !m2   ,truly ) my   
sacrifice %e s\ght ! gods & f\nd !m4    
,somebody d\bts x1 s ,i h he>d4  #bdf4  

,^! songs are accompani$1 9 beat+ !     
drum1 ) a peculi> %>p /rike l a sudd5   
outbur/ or explosion4 ,h5ce1 !y say1 !  
"n1 ,ts9il ,big94  #bdg4 ,,fir/         
,,daylight ,,song4    ahizle1 ahizle1 ya
 ah-a-i  lan f\r times4    #a4 ,ka      
,yik-a-i-acik ahizle1 ya ah-a-i  lan1   
#b4 ,qayolkale ahizle1 ya ah-a-i  lan1  
#c4 ,bitsdje yolk lgo ahizle1 ya ah-a-i 
lan1   #d4 ,bikce yolk lgo ahizle1 ya   
ah-a-i  lan4   #e4 ,bitsdje qojg ahizle1
 ya ah-a-i  lan1   #f4 ,bikce qojg      
ahizle1 ya ah-a-i  lan1   #g4 ,biz e    
qojg ahizle1 ya ah-a-i  lan1            
ahizle1 ahizle1 etc4    #h4 ,ka         
yik-a-i-a1 ahizle1 ya ah-a-i  lan1   #i4
 ,naqotse ahizile1 ya ah-a-i  lan4      
,v]ses #c to #g are "h repeat$4         
ahizile1 ahizile1 etc4  #bdh4           
,translation4--ahizile  ahizel1 x hangs 
z a curta9 or fe/oon2 x hangs support$  
at bo? ends1 i4e41 ! :ite curta9 ( dawn 
s hangs4 #a4 ,yik-a-i-acik1 ! ,daylight 
,boy1 ! ,navajo dawn god4 #b4 ,qayolk   
le1 f ! place ( dawn4 #c4 ,bitsdje1 be=e

 him2 yolk lgo1 z x dawns1 z ! night    
passes away4 #d4 ,bikce1 f beh9d him4   
,qojg1 9 a beautiful 7e>?ly7 mann]4 #g4 
,biz e1 f 8 voice4 #h4 ,yik-a-i-a1 !    
,daylight ,girl--! dawn goddess4 #i4    
,naqotse1 f ! l& ( yell[ light          
7horizontal t]re/rial yell[74  #bdi4    
,free translation4    ,! curta9 (       
daybreak is hang+   ,! ,daylight ,boy 7x
 is hang+71   ,f ! l& ( ! day x is      
hang+2   ,be=e him1 z x dawns1 x is     
hang+2   ,beh9d him1 z x dawns1 x is    
hang+4   ,be=e him1 9 beauty1 x is      
hang+2   ,beh9d him1 9 beauty1 x is     
hang+2   ,f 8 voice1 9 beauty1 x is     
hang+4    ,! ,daylight ,girl 7x is      
hang+71   ,f ! l& ( yell[ light1 x is   
hang+1 c4     7sub/itut+ h] = him & 874 
#bej4 ,,la/ ,,daylight ,,song4          
,loleye1 ,loleye4 ,loleye1 ,loleye4     
,loleye1 ,loleye4 ,yah-aie qana-a-i4    
#a4 ,qayolk g1 ,loleye4   #b4 ,ka       
,yik-a-i-acike4 ,loleye4      ,loleye1  
,loleye4 ,yah-a-iee1 qana-a-i4   #c4 ,ka
 aa yisk g4 ,loleye4   #d4 ,ka          

,yik-a-i-ae4 ,loleye4      ,loleye1     
,loleye4 ,yah-a-iee1 qana-a-i4  #bea4   
,translation4--#a4 ,qayolk g1 9 ! place 
( dawn4 #b1 #d4 ,yik-a-i-acik &         
,yik-a-i-a1 ,daylight ,boy & ,daylight  
,girl 7see p>agraph #bdh74 #c4 ,aa yisk 
g1 x is day all ar\nd4 ,refra91 loley1  
lullaby1 a mean+less expression to      
indicate sleep9ess4  #beb4 ,free        
translation4    ,lullaby1 lullaby4   ,x 
is daybreak4 ,lullaby4   ,n[ comes !    
,daylight ,boy4 ,lullaby4   ,n[ x is    
day4 ,lullaby4   ,n[ comes ! ,daylight  
,girl4 ,lullaby4  #bec4 ,z ! daylight   
songs are sung j at dawn1 9 ! corral1   
be=e ! dance ceases1 _! significance is 
app>5t4   ,,o!r ,,songs ,,& ,,extracts4 
#bed4 ,,song ,,( ,,! ,,prophet ,,to ,,! 
,,san ,,juan ,,riv]4    ,aena4   #a4    
,nag-a-i onilni1 nag-a-i onilni1   #b4  
,bihysgo c9 ey           ,haniya1       
haniya1 -a-ie ni hane-y he1 oh4    #c4  
,nag-a-i o9tyli1 nag-a-i onilni1   #d4  
,bihysgo c9 ey  ,haniya1 etc4    #e4    
,nag-a-i san bii1 nag-a-i onilni1   #f4 

,bihysgo c9 ey           ,haniya1 etc4  
#bee4 ,translation4--#a4 ,nag-a-i t2    
onilni1 fl[+ wat]1 a riv]4 #b1 #d1 #f4  
,bihysgo1 across x2 c91 my m9d2 ey 1 x  
goes1 or1 x comes1 x w&]s to or f4 #c4  
o9tyli1 broad wat]4 #e4 ,san bio1 wat] (
 old age4  #bef4 ,= orig9 & free        
translation ( ?is song1 see p>agraph    
#bb4  #beg4 ,,song ,,( ,,! ,,build+ ,,( 
,,! ,,d>k ,,circle4    ,oe  oe 1 e  e 1 
he he2   ,oe  oe 1 e  ee 1 he he1 ee nan
 a4    #a4 ,dsilyi ,neyni1 cayolli      
cayolli2   #b4 ,tcoyaj ilhyli1 cayolli  
cayolli2   #c4 ,tsca alli1 cayolli      
cayolli2   #d4 ,bija igngo1 cayolli     
cayolli4   #e4 ,tcik-igni1 cayolli      
cayolli2   #f4 ,tcoyaj olji1 cayolli    
cayolli2   #g4 ,tsa alli1 cayolli       
cayolli2   #h4 ,bja igngo1 cayolli      
cayolli4  #beh4 ,translation4--#a4      
,dsilyi ,neyni1 ,re>$ ,)9 ! ,m\nta9s1 ! 
prophet :o in/itut$ ^! c]emonies2       
cayolli1 he c>ries some?+ long &        
flexible1 z a bran* or sapl+ = me4 #b1  
#f4 ,tcoyaj1 a spruce sapl+1 dim9utive (

 tco1 spruce2 ilhyl1 black2 olj1 blue4  
#c1 #g4 ,tsa alli 7usually tsa bialli71 
truly a dance implem5t4 #d1 #h4 ,bja    
igngo 7usually bja-yeigngo71 a holy     
treasure1 a magic w&4  #bei4 ,free      
translation4    ,re>$ ,)9 ! ,m\nta9s    
c>ries = me2   ,a black spruce sapl+1 he
 c>ries = me2   ,an implem5t ( ! rites1 
he c>ries = me2   ,a holy treasure1 he  
c>ries = me4    ,! ,holy ,"y ,woman     
c>ries = me2   ,a blue spruce sapl+1 %e 
c>ries = me2   ,an implem5t ( ! rites1  
%e c>ries = me2   ,a holy treasure1 %e  
c>ries = me4  #bfj4 ,! ev]gre5 poles us$
 9 ! dance & 9 mak+ ! d>k circles1 to   
bo? ( :i* ?is song probably ref]s1 71 9 
all cases :]e ,i h obs]v$ !m1 made (    
pion & n ( spruce2 b all dances ,i h    
witness$ 7 at altitudes ( ab\t six ?\s& 
feet1 :]e pion 0 abundant & spruce r>e4 
,9 ^? portions ( ! ,navajo c\ntry ) :i* 
,i am famili> ! spruce 7,pseudotsuga    
d\glassii7 gr[s pl5tifully at ! height (
 eight ?\s& feet1 sp>sely bel[ t4 ,!re  
is good reason = believ+ t ! spruce is !

 true sacr$ tree ( ^! rites & t ! pion  
is only a conv5i5t sub/itute4 ,! song is
 call$ ,ilnsj9 ,b5i 1 t ) :i* ! d>k     
circle is built4 ,x is sung by ! %aman  
at ! ea/]n gate1 :ile ! "y m5 are build+
 ! corral4 7,p>agraph #abd47 ,i h o!r   
slightly diff]5t v]sions ( x1 probably  
suitable = diff]5t occasions4 ,! =m giv5
 above is recit$1 "u ord9>y             
circum/ances1 :5 ! pati5t is a woman4   
#bfa4 ,,pray] ,,to ,,dsilyi ,,ney,,ni4  
#a4 ,dsilyi ,neyni6    #b4 ,dsil bana 6 
#c4 ,tsilk6    #d4 ,na ni6    #e4 ,nigl 
icla4    #f4 ,na hila4    #g4 ,cik      
cailil4    #h4 ,citc  eailil4    #i4    
,citss eailil4   #aj4 ,c9 eailil1   #aa4
 ,c9 eailil4   #ab4 ,qojg qa le aciilil4
   #ac4 ,citsdje qojolel4   #ad4 ,cike  
qojolel4   #ae4 ,ciz  qaqojolel4   #af4 
,qojni qasl1   #ag4 ,qojni qasl1   #ah4 
,qojni qasl1   #ai4 ,qojni qasl4  #bfb4 
,translation4--#a4 ,! "n ( ! prophet4   
#b4 ,dsil1 m\nta9s1 bana 1 *ief 7or     
ma/]7 = !m4 #c4 ,tsilk1 "y man4 #d4 ,na 
ni1 *iefta94 #e4 ,nigl1 y\r peculi>     

sacrifice1 i4e41 ! ke n2 icla1 ,i h     
made4 #f4 ,na1 a smoke1 i4e41 !         
cig>ettes 7p>agraph #hg71 = y2 hila1 is 
made4 #g1 #h1 #i1 #aj1 #aa4 ,cik1 my    
feet2 citc 1 my l[] extremities2 citss1 
my body2 c91 my m9d2 c91 my voice2      
eailil1 = me re/ore 7z x 0 be=e7 ?\     
wilt4 #ab4 ,qojg1 9 a beautiful mann]2  
qa le1 repair$1 m5d$2 aciilil1 re/ore me
 ?\ wilt4 #ac1 #ad4 ,citsdje1 9 !       
direction be=e me2 cike1 f beh9d me2    
qojolel1 wilt ?\ t]re/rially beautify4  
#ae4 ,ciz 1 my words2 qaqojolel1 wilt ?\
 p]sonally beautify4 #af1 #ag1 #ah1 #ai4
 ,qojni1 9 e>?ly beauty2 qasl1 x is     
made1 x is done4  #bfc4 ,9 o!r pray]s1  
closely resembl+ ?is 9 =m1 ! %aman adds3
 ,beautify all t is above me4 ,beautify 
all t is bel[ me4 ,beautify all ?+s     
ar\nd me4  #bfd4 ,! division into v]ses 
is t ( ! *ant]4 ,he pron\nces ! "n 9 !  
fir/ l9e2 ! pati5t repeats x aft] him4  
,!n he gives out ! words 9 ! second l9e1
 & s on4 ,= free translation1 see       
p>agraph #hh4  #bfe4 ,,song ,,( ,,!     

,,ris+ ,,sun ,,dance4    ,oniy ye1 oniy 
ye oniy he yhe yhe heyiyo twice4    #a4 
,qanace   #b4 ,tsilk-igni   #c4         
,ktso-yis ni   #d4 ,yyolnake   #e4 ,qano
 qaksko4   #f4 ,tcihano-a-ie   #g4 ,akos
 nisnle4        ,yhe1 yhe ea -a-i4      
,oniy ye1 etc4    #h4 ,inace   #i4      
,tcik-igni   #aj4 ,awtsal-yis ni   #aa4 
,yyolnake   #ab4 ,qana qoksko4   #ac4   
,klehano-a-ie   #ad4 ,akos nisnle4      
,yhe1 yhe ea -a-i4  #bff4               
,translation4--#a4 ,qanace1 f :]e x 7!  
sun7 rises4 #b4 ,tsilk-igni1 ,holy ,"y  
,man4 #c4 ,ktso-yis ni1 ! great plum$   
arr[4 #d1 #aa4 ,yiyolna1 he swall[$     
sl[ly or cont9u\sly4 #e1 #ab4 ,qano     
qaksko1 x comes out by degrees4 #f4     
,tcihano-a-i1 ! sun4 #g1 #ad4 ,akos     
nisn1 he is satisfi$4 #h4 ,inace1 f :]e 
x sets4 #i4 ,tcik-igni1 ,holy ,"y       
,woman4 #aj4 ,awtsal-yis ni1 prep>$ or  
plum$ cliff rose1 i4e41 cliff rose arr[4
 #ac4 ,klehano-a-ie1 ! moon4  #bfg4     
,free translation4    ,:]e ! sun rises1 
,! ,holy ,"y ,man   ,! great plum$ arr[ 

,has swall[$   ,& )drawn x4   ,! sun    
,is satisfi$4    ,:]e ! sun sets1   ,!  
,holy ,"y ,woman   ,! cliff rose arr[   
,has swall[$   ,& )drawn x4   ,! moon   
,is satisfi$4  #bfh4 ,?is song is sung  
dur+ ! dance or alil describ$ 9 p>agraph
 #adb4 ,! conception ( ! poet seems to  
be t1 ! dance ( ! great plum$ arr[ hav+ 
be5 prop]ly p]=m$1 ! sun %\ld be        
satisfi$ & will+ to d ! bidd+ ( !       
danc]s1 i4e41 rise :5 desir$1 on ! pole4
  #bfi4 ,,in/ructions ,,giv5 ,,to ,,!   
,,ak,,n9ili4    #a4 i betcna nilnlel4   
#b4 i ananiltylo4   #c4 i b5iqols9lel4  
,ab9gi niz ela4   #d4 ayiltssgo1 abokg  
tsena ak n hyis9le4   #e4 ,tsin etlol ak
 n b hyis hyis9le2 ako b hyis hyisille4 
#f4 ,tse elk gi ak n hyis9le4   #g4 ,ako
 ktso-yis n2 ab9igi djoile1 qoiigne     
behoqoiils94  #bgj4 ,translation4--#a4  
i1 ?is2 betcna1 a ?+ to rise ) 7z y     
progress72 nilnlel1 w make = y4 #b4 i1  
?is2 ananiltylo1 w c>ry y along any:]e4 
#c4 ,b5iqols9lel1 by means ( x p w "k y2
 ab9gi1 = ?is reason1 or purpose2 niz1  

y\r neck2 ela1 x hangs 7once7 ar\nd4 #d4
 ayiltssgo1 at any little valley        
7yiltsis1 a little valley72 abokg1 at   
any gully or arroyo 7boko1 arroyo72     
tsena1 across2 ak n1 meal2 hyis9le1 he  
spr9kles always across4 #e4 ,tsin etlol1
 ! root ( a tree2 ak n1 meal2 b hyis1   
across x2 hyis9le1 he spr9kles across2  
ako1 !n2 hyisille1 he /eps across4 #f4  
,tse elk gi1 on flat rocks2 ak n1 meal2 
hyis9le1 he spr9kles across4 #g4 ,ako1  
!n1 next2 ktso-yis n1 ! great prep>$    
arr[--s says ! *ant]1 b he really ref]s 
to ! 9ia1 or obol 1 ! plum$ w& :i*      
akn9ili c>ries2 ab9igi1 = ?is purpose2  
djoile1 he c>ries x 79 ! h&72 qoiigne1 f
 a holy place 7ig91 holy72 behoqoiils91 
by means ( x p "k him4  #bga4 ,= free   
translation1 see p>agraph #ajb4  #bgb4  
,,pray] ,,( ,,! ,,prophet ,,to ,,8      
,,mask4    #a4 a&je qahasdsg anl9i1     
ciln4   #b4 ,hy99 l5i1 ciln4   #c4 ,ay  
nan ocisyigolla1 ciln4   #d4 ,cainill4  
#bgc4 ,translation4--#a4 a&je1 at any "t
 to y2 qahasdsg1 :5 ,i spoke2 anl9i1    

always y made or did x1 i4e41 grant$ my 
reque/ or assi/$ me2 ciln1 my dome/ic   
animal1 my pet4 #b4 ,hy99 l5i1 y 7 alive
 7once72 ciln1 my pet4 #c4 ,ay nan1 be  
sure1 take c>e2 oa1 negative2 cisyig1 t 
,i die2 oll1 ,i desire1 ,i beg 7! divid$
 negative makes "o ^w ( ! s5t5ce74 #d4  
,cainill1 wat* ?\ = me1 or ov] me4      
#bgd4 ,= free translation1 see p>agraph 
#bg4  #bge4 ,,la/ ,,words ,,( ,,!       
,,prophet4    #a4 ,aqal ni1 citsli4     
#b4 ,cakale ye qoigne4   #c4            
aonasiilsla4   #d4 ahoelg aeltclgo1     
nag-a-iga c9  anla ds9isnle1   #e4      
anolgo ay c 9ial g1 anil ni 9ial g      
nag-a-iga        c9  b9ibikgola         
ds9isnle4  #bgf4 ,translation4--#a4     
,aqal ni1 greet+ 7f>ewell1 9 ?is case72 
citsli1 my y\ng] bro!r4 #b4 ,cakale1 =  
me !y h come2 ye1 ! yays1 ! gods2       
qoigne1 f a holy or sup]natural place4  
#c4 7a1 any1 on any occasion1 etc42 oa1 
negative2 na1 aga92 siilsl1 y w see me72
 aonasiilsla1 y w nev] see me aga94 #d4 
ahoelg1 on any occasion z ! ra9 passes1 

i4e41 :5ev] x ra9s2 aeltclgo1 :5ev] x   
?und]s2 nag-a-iga1 9 t2 c9 1 my eld]    
bro!r2 anla1 is 8 voice2 ds9isnle1 y w  
?9k s4 #e4 anolgo1 :5ev] !y 7crops7 are 
rip5+1 i4e41 9 h>ve/ "t2 ay c1 small    
birds2 9ial g1 ( all k9ds2 anil ni1     
gras%opp]s2 nag-a-iga1 9 t1 9 ^?2 c9 1  
my eld] bro!r2 b9ibikgola1 is 8 ord]+1 8
 design 7! trail ( 8 m9d72 ds9isnle1 s y
 w ?9k4  #bgg4 ,= free translation1 see 
p>agraph #gi4     ,,index               
,transcrib]'s ,note3   ,z 9 ! ,table (  
,cont5ts1 p>agraph numb]s = ea* ,index  
entry   h be5 add$ 9 braces4            
,akn9ili1 ! sup]natural c\ri]s          
#daa-dad #fa-fh1 #dae #gb1              
#dag #aja1 #dbd #aja1                   
#dbf #ajd1 #dff #bfi   ,*ant]1 ,navajo  
#che-chg #a-h   ,dsilydje qa l1 orig9 ( 
my? (                      #chg-dag     
#i-hj     c]emonies (                   
#dah-ddd #ha-aec     ! great pictures ( 
#ddd-dea #aed-age     sacrifices (      
#dea-dee #agf-aia   ,dsilyi ,neyni1 /ory
 (                                      

#chg-dag #i-hj     orig9 ( ! "n         
#djd #da     introduction ( c]emonials  
by                       #dji-daa #ec-fj
     return (1 to ! gods                
#dag #gi     pray] to                   
#dbj #hh1 #dba #beg1 #dfe #bfa     visit
 (1 to home ( ! snakes                  
#ddf #afj1 #ddg #afb     home ( ! be>s  
se5 by                          #ddg-ddi
 #afb-agj     visit to ,lodge ( ,dew by 
#dej #agb1 #dea #agc   ,ho%k wn1 dance (
 !4 7,see ,yucca baccata47   ,keam's    
,caon1 ,navajo dance at                 
#dcb #abg1 #ddb #adh   ,navajo rites1   
seasons =                               
#chf #e   ,qa li1 or ,navajo *ant]      
#che #b1 #chg #g   ,qa/cli4 ,see        
,yaybi*y1 dance ( !4   ,s& pictures1    
c]emonial                           #dbb
 #ic1 #dbc #ig1                         
#dbg #ajg1 #dbh #aaa1                   
#dbi #aae   ,s*oolcraft1 ,h4 ,r41 on    
sacrificial /icks                       
#dec #agi   ,%aman1 ,navajo             
#che #b1 #chg #g   ,sun dance1 song ( ! 

ris+                                #dfe
 #bfe   ,yaybi*y1 dance ( !             
#dce #acc1 #dcf #acf   ,yucca baccata   
dance                      #chf #c1 #dci
 #adc1 #dda #add         99       99    
99       99       99            99      
99       99       99        99       99 
99       99       99  ,errors &         
,inconsi/5cies 7not$ by transcrib]7     
,! utt]ance huhuhuhu 0 pr9t$ bo? ) & )\t
 f9al 4  ,table ( ,cont5ts3   ,! great  
pictures ( dsilydje qa l   #ddd     text
 reads #dd   ,sacrifices ( dsilydje qa l
     ind5tation *ang$ to agree ) body   
text  fac simile   pr9t$ z two words    
,index3   ,akn9ili     text reads       
,aknil9i   ,akn9ili 444 #dag     error =
 #dba8   ,dsilyi ,neyni 444 pray] to 444
 #dba     error = #dfd8