,transcribed from the #ahec ,rivingtons edition by ,david ,price1 email ccx#jgdpglaf4org ,,some ,,remains 7,,hitherto ,,unpublished7 ,,of ,,joseph ,,butler1 ,,ll4,d4 ,,sometime ,,lord ,,bishop ,,of ,,durham4 ,i am more indebted to his writings than to those of any other uninspired writer1 for the insight which ,i have been enabled to attain into the motives of the ,divine ,economy and the grounds of moral obligation4 ,from a ,letter of the late ,bishop ,kaye1 of ,lincoln4 ,,london3 ,,rivingtons1 ,,waterloo ,,place4 #ahec4 ,,london3 ,,gilbert ,,and ,,rivington1 ,,printers1 ,,st4 ,,john',s ,,square ,,preface4 ,it has long been a subject of regret that we should have so few remains of so great a writer as the author of the ,analogy1 not only the greatest thinker of his day1 but one almost equally remarkable for his personal religion and amiability4 ,the few fragments and letters which remain unpublished1 derive from this circumstance a value wholly incommensurate with their extent1 though1 as to the few ,i have been able to recover1 they seem to me worthy of notice even for their own sake4 ,there can1 ,i suppose1 be no doubt but that many letters on subjects connected with their common pursuit1--the defence of religion by rational arguments1--must have passed between ,dr4 ,clarke and the ,gentleman in ,gloucestershire1 even up to the time of the former's decease2 and the specimen ,i am now able to exhibit certainly excites a wish that one could recover more of a series which it is most likely that ,dr4 ,clarke at least carefully preserved4 ,the three letters now printed were all addressed to ,dr4 ,clarke2 the first and last1 though little known1 were published many years ago in the ,european ,magazine4 ,the second and third ,fragments are printed as they were written1 having apparently been noted down from time to time as the ideas occurred to their author2 thus at the end of the first paragraph of the third ,fragment1 the word direction was originally written advice1 but was subsequently altered in a different ink1 being the same with that in which the sentences immediately following were written4 ,i have not thought myself at liberty to make any attempt to reduce these ,fragments to better consistency2 indeed1 their present disordered state seems to me rather to add to their interest1 as showing the mode in which the stones were gathered for building up such works as the ,analogy and the ,sermons4 ,it will be observed that ,i have found a difficulty in reading the last part of the third ,fragment1 and ,i am by no means sure that ,i have quite hit the sense intended2 ,i should like it to apply either to the ,cross set up at ,bristol1 or to the famous ,charge delivered at ,durham4 ,i have added a cotemporary notice of the buildings at ,bristol1 and an anecdote showing how they were thought of1 as well as a statement1 made after the ,bishop's death1 of his proceedings with regard to the church1 which is now ,st4 ,george's1 near ,bristol1 in order to establish the fact of the separation of the property there mentioned from the bulk of his estate2--showing his desire to do something for the benefit of the people of ,kingswood1 a district the moral degradation of which had already attracted the attention of ,whitefield and ,wesley4 ,the following extract has been kindly communicated to me from the ,diary of ,dr4 ,thomas ,wilson1 the son of the great ,bishop of ,sodor and ,man2 and ,i print it here more especially to invite the attention of all who take an interest in these things to the fact1 that a copy may have been made for the ,king of the sermon there mentioned1 and may possibly even yet be in existence somewhere2 if so1 it cannot but be worth the trouble of recovery and publication4 #agcg1 ,december1 ,friday1 #bcrd4 ,the ,master i4e4 ,sir ,joseph ,jekyll1 ,master of the ,rolls told me that the ,king desired that ,dr4 ,butler1 ,clerk of the ,closet to the late ,queen1 might preach before him in the ,princess ,amelia's apartments4 ,he preached upon the subject of being bettered by afflictions1 which affected ,his ,majesty so much that he desired the sermon1 and assured him that he would do something very good for him4 ,the ,master desired that it might be known publicly1 it was told him by the ,bishop of ,oxford ,seeker4 ,the ,master seemed mightily pleased1 and was in hopes it would be of great service to the public as well as his private family1 which will be a pleasure to every body1 and make even the death of ,her ,majesty 7so great a seeming loss7 of advantage to the nation4 ,i have been mainly induced to publish these ,remains by the pleasure with which some copies ,i had given away privately have been received1 and ,i confess that the fruit ,i should be most gratified to see1 would be the recovery of some longer work1 not less worthy of its ,author's reputation4 ,,edward ,,steere1 ,,ll4,d4 ,university ,college1 ,london1 #ast ,september1 #ahec4 ,,fragments4 ,from the autographs of ,bp4 ,butler now in the library at the ,british ,museum4 ,add4 ,,ms4 #ihae4 ,i4 ,god cannot approve of any thing but what is in itself ,right1 ,fit1 ,just4 ,we should worship and endeavour to obey ,him with this ,consciousness and ,recollection4 ,to endeavour to please a man merely1 is a different thing from endeavouring to please him as a wise and good man1 i4e4 endeavouring to please him in the particular way1 of behaving towards him as we think the relations we stand in to him1 and the intercourse we have with him1 require4 ,almighty ,god is to be sure infinitely removed from all those human weaknesses which we express by the words1 captious1 apt to take offence1 c4 ,but an unthinking world does not consider what may be absolutely due to ,him from all ,creatures capable of considering themselves as ,his ,creatures4 ,recollect the idea1 inadequate as it is1 which we have of ,god1 and the idea of ourselves1 and carelessness with regard to ,him1 whether we are to worship ,him at all1 whether we worship ,him in a right manner1 or conceited confidence that we do so1 will seem to imply unspeakable ,presumption4 ,neither do we know what necessary1 unalterable connexion there may be1 between moral right and happiness1 moral wrong and misery4 ,sincerity is doubtless the thing1 and not whether we hit the right manner1 c4 ,but a sense of the imperfection of our worship1 apprehension that it may be1 and a degree of fear that it is1 in some respects erroneous1 may perhaps be a temper of mind not unbecoming such poor creatures as we are1 in our addresses to ,god4 ,in proportion as we are assured that we are honest and sincere1 we may rest satisfied that ,god cannot be offended with us1 but indifference whether what we do be materially1 or in the nature of the thing abstracted from our way of considering it1 ,good and ,right1--such indifference is utterly inconsistent with ,sincerity4 ,no person who has just notions of ,god can be afraid of ,his displeasure any further than as he is afraid of his own ,character1 whether it be what it ought3 but so far as a man has reason to fear his own character1 so far there must be reason to fear ,god's displeasure1 or disapprobation2 not from any doubt of ,his ,perfection and ,goodness1 but merely from the belief of it4 ,is it possible that people can be ,scepticks in ,opinion1 and yet without any doubtfulness1 or solicitude about their ,actions and ,behaviour8 ,,ii4 ,what a wonderful incongruity it is for a man to see the doubtfulness in which things are involved1 and yet be impatient out of action1 or vehement in it6 ,say a man is a ,sceptick1 and add what was said of ,brutus1 quicquid vult valde vult1 and you say1 there is the greatest ,contrariety between his ,understanding and his ,temper that can be expressed in words4 99 99 99 99 99 ,in general a man ought not to do other people's duty for them2 for their duty was appointed them for their exercise2 and besides1 who will do it in case of his death8 ,nor has a man any right to raise in others such a dependance upon him as that they must be miserable in case of his death1 tho' whilst he lives he answers that dependance4 99 99 99 99 99 ,hobbs' definition of ,benevolence1 that 'tis the love of power is base and false1 but there is more of truth in it than appears at first sight2 the real ,benevolence of men being1 ,i think1 for the most part1 not indeed the single love of power1 but the love of power to be exercised in the way of doing good2 that is a different thing from the love of the good or happiness of others by whomsoever effected1 which last ,i call single or simple ,benevolence4 ,how little there is of this in the world may appear by observing1 how many persons can bear with great tranquillity that a friend or child should live in misery1 who yet cannot bear the thought of their death4 ,good men surely are not treated in this world as they deserve1 yet 'tis seldom1 very seldom their goodness which makes them disliked1 even in cases where it may seem to be so3 but 'tis some behaviour or other1 which however excusable1 perhaps infinitely overbalanced by their virtues1 yet is offensive1 possibly wrong2 however such1 it may be1 as would pass off very well in a man of the world4 ,,iii4 ,shall ,i not be faithful to ,god8 ,if ,he puts a part upon me to do1 shall ,i neglect or refuse it8 ,a part to suffer1 and shall ,i say ,i would not if ,i could help it8 ,can words more ill-sorted1 more shocking be put together8 ,and is not the thing expressed by them more so1 tho' not expressed in words8 ,what then shall ,i prefer to the sovereign ,good1 supreme ,excellence1 absolute ,perfection8 ,to whom shall ,i apply for direction in opposition to ,infinite ,wisdom8 ,to whom for protection against ,almighty ,power8 ,sunday ,evening1 ,june #ac1 #agdb4 ,hunger and thirst after ,righteousness till filled with it by being made partaker of the ,divine nature4 ,ad te levo oculos meos1 qui habitas in coelis4 ,sicut oculi servorum intenti sunt ad manum dominorum suorum1 sicut oculi ancillae ad manum dominae suae2 ita oculi nostri ad ,deum nostrum1 donec misereatur nostri4 ,as all my passions and affections to my ,reason such as it is1 so in consideration of the fallibility and infinite deficiencies of this my ,reason1 ,i would subject it to ,god1 that ,he may guide and succour it4 ,our wants as ,creatures3 our ,demerits as ,sinners4 ,that ,i may have a due sense of the hand of ,god in every thing1 and then put myself into ,his hand to lead me through whatever ways ,he shall think fit2 either to add to my burden1 or lighten it1 or wholly discharge me of it4 ,be more afraid of myself than of the world4 ,to discern the hand of ,god in every thing and have a due sense of it4 ,instead of deluding oneself in imagining one should behave well in times and circumstances other than those in which one is placed1 to take care and be faithful and behave well in those one is placed in4 ,that ,god would please to make my way plain before my face1 and deliver me from offending the scrupulousness of any #aa1 or if not1 ,o assist me to act the right part under it6 ,,letters4 ,i4 ,from a ,copy formerly belonging to ,dr4 ,birch1 and now in the library at the ,british ,museum4 ,add4 ,,ms4 #dcgj4 ,,rev4 ,,dr4 ',twas but last night ,i received your letter from ,gloucester1 having left that place three weeks since4 ,it revived in my mind some very melancholy thoughts ,i had upon my being obliged to quit those studies1 that had a direct tendency to divinity1 that being what ,i should chuse for the business of my life1 it being1 ,i think1 of all other studies the most suitable to a reasonable nature4 ,i say my being obliged1 for there is every encouragement 7whether one regards interest or usefulness7 now-a- days for any to enter that profession1 who has not got a way of commanding his assent to received opinions without examination4 ,i had some thoughts1 ,sir1 of paying you my acknowledgments in person for that surprising air of candour and affability with which you have treated me in the ,letters that have passed between us4 ,but really ,i could not put on so bold a face1 as to intrude into a gentleman's company with no other excuse but that of having received an obligation from him4 ,i have not the least prospect of ever being in a capacity of giving any more than a verbal declaration of my gratitude3 so ,i hope you'l accept that1 and believe it's with the utmost sincerity ,i subscribe myself1 ,sir1 ,your most obliged1 most obedient humble servant1 ,j4 ,,butler4 ,hamlin's ,coffee-house1 ,tuesday ,morning4 ,,ii4 ,the original of this ,letter with the answer1 which is roughly written on the blank leaf1 is1 ,i believe1 now in the library of ,oriel ,college1 ,oxford4 ,i am indebted for my copy to the kindness of the ,rev4 ,j4 ,h4 ,newman1 ,d4,d41 formerly of that ,college4 ,,rev4 ,,sir1 ,i had long resisted an ,inclination to desire your ,thoughts upon the difficulty mentioned in my last1 till ,i considered that the trouble in answering it would be only carrying on the general purpose of your ,life1 and that ,i might claim the same right to your ,instructions with others2 notwithstanding which1 ,i should not have mentioned it to you had ,i not thought 7which is natural when one fancies one sees a thing clearly7 that ,i could easily express it with clearness to others4 ,however ,i should by no means have given you a second trouble upon the subject had ,i not had your particular leave4 ,i thought proper just to mention these things that you might not suspect me to take advantage from your ,civility to trouble you with any thing1 but only such objections as seem to me of ,weight1 and which ,i cannot get rid of any other way4 ,a disposition in our natures to be influenced by right motives is as absolutely necessary to render us moral ,agents1 as a ,capacity to discern right motives is4 ,these two are ,i think quite distinct perceptions1 the former proceeding from a desire inseparable from a ,conscious ,being of its own happiness1 the latter being only our ,understanding1 or ,faculty of seeing ,truth4 ,since a disposition to be influenced by right motives is a sine qua non to ,virtuous ,actions1 an ,indifferency to right motives must incapacitate us for ,virtuous ,actions1 or render us in that particular not moral agents4 ,i do indeed think that no ,rational ,creature is strictly speaking ,indifferent to ,right ,motives1 but yet there seems to be somewhat which to all intents of the present question is the same1 viz4 a stronger disposition to be influenced by contrary or wrong motives1 and this ,i take to be always the ,case when any vice is committed4 ,but since it may be said1 as you hint1 that this stronger disposition to be influenced by ,vicious ,motives may have been contracted by repeated ,acts of ,wickedness1 we will pitch upon the first ,vicious ,action any one is guilty of4 ,no man would have committed this first ,vicious ,action if he had not had a stronger 7at least as strong7 disposition in him to be influenced by the ,motives of the ,vicious ,action1 than by the motives of the contrary ,virtuous ,action2 from whence ,i infallibly conclude1 that since every man has committed some first ,vice1 every man had1 antecedent to the commission of it1 a stronger disposition to be influenced by the ,vicious than the ,virtuous motive4 ,my difficulty upon this is1 that a stronger natural disposition to be influenced by the ,vicious than the ,virtuous ,motive 7which every one has antecedent to his first vice71 seems1 to all purposes of the present question1 to put the ,man in the same condition as though he was indifferent to the ,virtuous ,motive2 and since an indifferency to the ,virtuous ,motive would have incapacitated a ,man from being a moral ,agent1 or contracting guilt1 is not a stronger disposition to be influenced by the ,vicious ,motive as great an ,incapacity8 ,suppose ,i have two diversions offered me1 both of which ,i could not enjoy1 ,i like both of them1 but yet have a stronger inclination to one than to the other1 ,i am not indeed strictly indifferent to either1 because ,i should be glad to enjoy both2 but am ,i not exactly in the same case1 to all intents and purposes of acting1 as though ,i was absolutely indifferent to that diversion which ,i have the least inclination to8 ,you suppose ,man to be endued naturally with a disposition to be influenced by ,virtuous ,motives1 and that this ,disposition is a sine qua non to ,virtuous ,actions1 both which ,i fully believe2 but then you omit to consider the natural ,inclination to be influenced by ,vicious ,motives1 which1 whenever a ,vice is committed1 is at least equally strong with the other1 and in the first ,vice is not affected by ,habits1 but is as natural1 and as much out of a man's power as the other4 ,i am much obliged to your offer of writing to ,mr4 ,laughton1 which ,i shall very thankfully accept of1 but am not certain when ,i shall go to ,cambridge2 however1 ,i believe it will be about the middle of the next month4 ,i am1 ,rev4 ,sir1 ,your most obliged humble ,servant1 ,j4 ,,butler4 ,oriel1 ,oct4 the #fth4 ,,the ,,answer4 ,your objection seems indeed very dexterous1 and yet ,i really think that there is at bottom nothing in it4 ,but of this you are to judge1 not from my assertion1 but from the reason ,i shall endeavour to give to it4 ,i think then1 that a disposition to be influenced by right motives being what we call rationality1 there cannot be on the contrary 7properly speaking7 any such thing naturally in rational creatures as a disposition to be influenced by wrong motives4 ,this can be nothing but mere perverseness of will2 and whether even that can be said to amount to a disposition to be influenced by wrong motives1 formally1 and as such1 may 7,i think7 well be doubted4 ,men have by nature strong inclinations to certain objects4 ,none of these inclinations are vicious1 but vice consists in pursuing the inclination towards any object in certain circumstances1 notwithstanding reason1 or the natural disposition to be influenced by right motives1 declares to the man's conscience at the same time 7or would do1 if he attended to it7 that the object ought not to be pursued in those circumstances4 ,nevertheless1 where the man commits the crime1 the natural disposition was only towards the object1 not formally towards the doing it upon wrong motives2 and generally the very essence of the crime consists in the liberty of the will forcibly overruling the actual disposition towards being influenced by right motives1 and not at all 7as you suppose7 in the man's having any natural disposition to be influenced by wrong motives1 as such4 ,,iii4 ,from the original1 now in the library at the ,british ,museum4 ,add4 ,,ms4 #ab1aja4 ,,rev4 ,,sir1 ,i had the honour of your kind letter yesterday1 and must own that ,i do now see a difference between the nature of that disposition which we have to be influenced by virtuous motives1 and that contrary disposition1 7or whatever else it may properly be called17 which is the occasion of our committing sin2 and hope in time to get a thorough insight into this ,subject by means of those helps you have been pleased to afford me4 ,i find it necessary to consider such very abstruse questions at different times and in different dispositions2 and have found particular use of this method upon that abstract subject of ,necessity3 for tho' ,i did not see the force of your argument for the unity of the ,divine ,nature when ,i had done writing to you upon that subject1 ,i am now fully satisfied that it is conclusive4 ,i will only just add that ,i suppose somewhat in my last letter was not clearly expressed1 for ,i did not at all design to say1 that the essence of any crime consisted in the man's having a natural disposition to be influenced by wrong motives4 ,i was fully resolved to have gone to ,cambridge some time in this ,term1 not in the least expecting but that ,i might have the ,terms allowed there which ,i have kept here1 but ,i am informed by one who has been there that it is not at all to be depended upon2 but that it's more likely to be refused than granted me4 ,my design was this2 when ,i had taken the ,degree of ,batchelor of ,arts at ,cambridge1 7which ,i would have done to have the ,priviledge of that ,gown17 to take that of ,batchelor of ,law a year afterwards1 but if ,i cannot have the ,terms ,i have kept for ,batchelor of ,arts allowed there1 it will be highly proper for me to stay at ,oxford to take that degree here1 before ,i go to ,cambridge to take ,batchelor of ,law4 ,i will inquire concerning the truth of what the gentleman told me1 and if ,i find he is mistaken and that ,i can take the degree of ,batchelor of ,arts at ,cambridge next ,june1 which is the time ,i shall be standing for it1 and ,batchelor of ,law a year after that2 ,i will make bold to accept of your kind offer to write to ,mr4 ,laughton1 and will acquaint you with it as soon as ,i am satisfied1 otherwise ,i will give you no further trouble in the matter2 and indeed ,i am sorry ,i should have given you any already upon it1 but ,i thought ,i had sufficient reason to be satisfied1 and had not the least suspicion in the world that there was any uncertainty about getting the ,terms allowed1 so ,i hope you will excuse it4 ,i am with the greatest respect and gratitude for all your favours1 ,rev4 ,sir1 ,your most obedient humble ,servant1 ,j4 ,,butler4 ,oriel ,coll41 ,oct4 #aj1 #agag4 ,i should have written yesterday1 to prevent your trouble of writing to ,mr4 ,laughton1 but ,i was not informed of what ,i have mentioned before last night4 99 99 99 99 99 ,this ,letter1 as well as the one immediately preceding1 appears to have been intended by ,dr4 ,clarke for publication1 as in both the concluding passages relating to private matters have been struck through1 and on the back of this last is written1 ,these to be added to the next edition of ,leibnitz's ,letters4 ,i believe those ,letters never reached a second edition4 ,,prayers4 ,from a ,copy in ,bp4 ,butler's handwriting1 now in the library at the ,british ,museum4 ,add4 ,,ms4 #ihae4 ,o ,almighty ,god1 ,maker and ,preserver of the world1 ,governor and ,judge of all creatures1 whom ,thou hast endued with understanding so as to render them accountable for their actions and capable of being judged for them2 we prostrate ourselves as in ,thy presence1 and worship ,thee the ,sovereign ,lord of all1 in ,whom we live and move and have our being4 ,the greatness and perfection of ,thy ,nature is infinitely beyond all possible comprehension1 but in proportion to our capacities we would endeavour to have a true conception of ,thy ,divine ,majesty1 and to live under a just sense and apprehension of it3 that we may fear ,thee and hope in ,thee as we entirely depend upon ,thee3 that we may love ,thee as supremely good1 and have our wills conformed to ,thy will in all righteousness and truth3 that we may be thankful to ,thee for every thing we enjoy1 as the gift of ,thine hand1 and be patient under every affliction as what ,thou sendest or permittest4 ,we desire to be duly sensible of what we have done amiss1 and we solemnly resolve before ,thee1 that for the time to come we will endeavour to obey all ,thy commands as they are made known to us4 ,we are ,thy ,creatures by ,nature2 we give up ourselves to be ,thy servants voluntarily and by ,choice1 and present ourselves1 body and soul1 a living sacrifice to ,thee4 ,but1 ,o ,almighty ,god1 as ,thou hast manifested ,thyself to the world by ,jesus ,christ2 as ,thou hast given ,him to be a ,propitiation for the sins of it1 and the ,mediator between ,god and ,man2 we lay hold with all humility and thankfulness on so inestimable a ,benefit1 and come unto ,thee according to ,thine appointment in ,his ,name1 and in the form and manner which ,he has taught us4 ,our ,father1 c4 ,,morning ,,prayer4 ,almighty ,god1 by whose protection we were preserved the night passed1 and are here before ,thee this morning in health and safety2 we dedicate this day1 and all the days we have to live to ,thy service2 resolving1 that we will abstain from all evil1 that we will take heed to the thing that is right in all our actions1 and endeavour to do our duty in that state of life in which ,thy ,providence has placed us4 ,we would remind ourselves that we are always1 wherever we may go1 in ,thy presence4 ,we would be always in ,thy fear2 and we beg the continuance of ,thy merciful protection1 and that ,thou would'st guide and keep us in all our ways through ,jesus ,christ our ,lord4 ,,evening ,,prayer1 ,almighty ,god1 whose continued providence ordereth all things both in ,heaven and ,earth2 ,who never slumberest nor sleepest2 but hast divided the light from the darkness1 and made the day for employment and the night for rest to ,thy creatures the inhabitants of the earth3 we acknowledge with all thankfulness ,thy merciful preservation of us this day1 by which we are brought in safety to the evening of it4 ,we implore ,thy forgiveness of all the offences which we have been guilty of in it1 whether in thought1 word1 or deed2 and desire to have a due sense of ,thy goodness in keeping us out of the way of those temptations by which we might have fallen into greater sins1 and in preserving us from those misfortunes and sad accidents1 common to every day1 and which must have befallen many others4 ,we humbly commit ourselves to the same good providence this night1 that we may sleep in quiet under ,thy protection1 and wake1 if it be ,thy will1 in the morning in renewed life and strength4 ,and we beg the assistance of ,thy grace to live in such a manner1 that when the few days and nights which thou shalt allot us in this world be passed away1 we may die in peace1 and finally obtain the resurrection unto eternal life through ,jesus ,christ our ,lord4 99 99 99 99 99 ,almighty ,god1 ,whose tender mercies are over all ,thy works1 who feedest the fowls of the air and the beasts of the field1 and hast given unto us all things that pertain unto life and godliness1 we desire to have our souls possessed with a due sense of ,thy blessings1 and to show forth our thankfulness by moderation and temperance in the use of them1 by being kind and compassionate to those who are in distress1 and by all those good works which ,thou hast appointed us to walk in4 ,and we humbly hope we shall at last experience all ,thy goodness to us consummate in that future state1 which ,thou hast prepared for them that love and fear ,thee through ,jesus ,christ our ,lord4 ,amen4 ,,extract ,,from ,,the ,,ms4 ,,collections ,from the ,,ms4 ,collections of the ,rev4 ,w4 ,cole1 now in the ,library at the ,british ,museum4 ,vol4 #aj1 p4 #ib1 taken at ,bristol in the year #agdf4 ,having done with what is in the ,cathedral1 let us just step into the ,bishop's ,palace on the south side of it3 and here we cannot help observing the generous ,temper of the present worthy prelate2 who in a poor ,bishoprick of about #ejj pounds per ann4 has already laid out on building an entire new ,palace in the room of the old one which was gone to decay1 above #cjjj pounds4 ,the small ,chapel belonging to the old one is standing2 but entirely new fitted up1 furnished in an elegant ,taste and newly wainscoted and a ,tribune from one of his ,lordship's rooms to look into it at the west end1 over the door which is entirely new4 ,the altar piece is of black marble inlaid with a milk white cross of white marble2 which is plain and has a good effect4 ,in the ,east window over it is a small ,crucifix with the ,b4 ,virgin and ,st4 ,john under the ,cross weeping1 of old glass2 and not very curious4 ,over the new ,door into the ,chapel from the ,hall1 in a void space made on purpose1 is a very old ,coat of ,glass of the ,arms of ,berkly ensigned with a mitre3 and this is another reason to make one think that the old ,abbey of ,bristol gave these arms to their ,founder1 for their own ,coat4 ,i was pleased to find the present ,bishop paid such a regard to the memory of the ,ancient ,abbey and its ,founders1 as to preserve this old memorial of them with so much care and precaution4 ,a pattern worthy to be imitated in an age1 that to my knowledge1 in certain places1 has not only had such marks of their benefactors taken away in order to get up modern crown glass2 but has also given away and destroyed such memorials of them1 as the care of their predecessors for #c or #djj years have with the utmost gratitude and veneration preserved4 ,over the hall chimney-piece1 which is preserved with equal care by his ,lordship1 are the arms of ,bishop ,wright impaled by his ,see1 and a mitre over them1 and ,r4 ,w4 on each side of them2 as also ,wright impaling per ,pale unde six martlets countercharged for ,fleetwood4 ,i don't see his ,lordship's ,arms in any part of the ,palace1 which has so just a title to have them in every part of it2 but however1 ,i shall give them a place here in gratitude to his memory who so well deserves of this place1 which1 though ,i have no concern in1 nor no acquaintance with his ,lordship1 yet one always has a value for a grateful and benevolent mind4 ,the arms of ,joseph ,butler1 ,lord ,bishop of ,bristol and ,dean of ,st4 ,paul's1 are3 ,a4 three covered ,cups on ,bend ,s1 inter two ,bendlets engrailed ,g4 ,his ,lordship was1 on the decease of the late ,lord ,bishop of ,hereford1 by his ,majesty appointed ,clerk of the ,royal ,closet2 and it is said that he has also a promise1 on the next vacancy1 of a translation to the rich ,see of ,durham1 which will be well bestowed on a person of his ,lordship's large and universal benevolence4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from the same4 ,dr4 ,freeman1 speaking of the chapel in the palace at ,bristol1 told me that he was mentioning the neatness and elegance of it to ,bishop ,young at ,therfield1 who told him1 that however he might admire the decency and elegance of it1 yet upon his waiting1 upon some occasion or other1 on my ,lord ,hardwick1 his ,lordship spoke to him of it1 and asked him whether he had not a design of pulling down the cross of marble over the ,altar1 which he thought was offensive2 to which the ,bishop replied1 that it was probable that he should not have set it up there1 but that he should not choose to have it said that ,bishop ,young had pulled down what ,bishop ,butler had erected4 ,,statement ,,concerning ,,the ,,church ,,at ,,kingswood4 ,from a ,,ms4 in the ,british ,museum4 ,add4 #ihae4 ,when the late ,lord ,bishop of ,durham first intended to have a place of ,divine ,worship erected in ,kings ,wood1 his ,scheme was1--,to solicit ,subscriptions for building a ,chapel1 and to give #djj pounds towards the ,endowment of it1 in order to get the like ,sum from the ,governors of ,q4 ,ann's ,bounty4 ,and he was pleased to lay his ,commands upon me to make ,application to persons the most likely to contribute to that good ,work4 ,the report ,i brought him in ,consequence of such ,application1 was to this ,effect1 that they highly approved of the pious and charitable design1 but disliked the particular ,scheme of erecting a ,chapel of ,ease to the ,church of ,st4 ,philip and ,jacob1 as this would not answer the good purposes his ,lordship intended2 and therefore proposed a ,division of the ,parish1 and the ,erection of a new ,parish and parish ,church4 ,his observations on this ,proposal were the following1--,that the intended ,chapel in ,kings ,wood would not have been a ,chapel of ,ease to ,saint ,philip and ,jacob1 but distinct from it1 as the ,incumbent would have had nothing farther to do with the ,chapel1 or the income of it1 but barely to nominate the ,curate1 who from thence forward would have been independent of him3 ,however he thought the ,scheme of erecting a new ,parish to be much preferable in itself1 but was attended with more difficulties2 and therefore gave up his own ,scheme with pleasure1 if the ,parties concerned would join their ,endeavours to ,execute the other4 ,upon this occasion ,he not only permitted1 but ordered me to say to all ,persons1 and in all ,companies1 that he had allotted a ,benefaction of #djj pounds for that ,use4 ,and when some of the principal ,parishioners had fixed upon the ,boundaries of their new intended ,parish1 and had presented a kind of ,petition or ,memorial to him1 ,to have those limits specified in the intended ,act of ,parliament1 they used the following expressions4 ,whereas it hath been made known unto ,us1--,that your ,lordship hath proposed to endeavour to obtain an ,act of ,parliament for ,dividing the said ,parish of ,st4 ,philip and ,jacob1 and for erecting and endowing a ,church for the said ,parishioners1--,and that you have been pleased to offer a large ,subscription thereto1 ,we therefore with grateful ,hearts humbly take this opportunity of tendering you our hearty thanks for this your pious and charitable ,intention1 and being very desirous that the same may be executed1 beg leave to assure your ,lordship1 that we will use our best ,endeavours for promoting the same1 c4 ,which ,petition or ,memorial ,he ordered his ,secretary to copy out on two ,pieces of ,parchment4 ,and then he1 the ,bishop1 sent them to me to carry them to the ,parishioners to be signed2 and directed me at the same time to desire some of the parishioners to attend him at his ,palace1 which was on a ,sunday ,evening2 ,and in their and my ,presence he wrote the following words at the ,bottom of one of the ,petitions3 ,i see no objection against the ,division of the ,parish above mentioned1 and hope the ,gentlemen1 whose ,consent is necessary1 will agree to it1 since the ,inhabitants are the best judges1 what is for their own ,convenience3 and it is a matter of very little ,concern to any but them4--,jo4 ,,bristol4 ,likewise when the ,fields1 which lay contiguous to the intended ,church1 were to be purchased1 he went to see them1 and then and there declared in my hearing1 and1 as far as ,i can recollect1 in the hearing of several persons there present1 viz4 ,messrs4 ,king1 ,harrison1 c41 ,that he would purchase them for the use of the intended ,church1 as soon as ever ,sir ,abraham ,elton1 the then ,proprietor1 could dispose of them4 ,also ,he ordered me1 at different times1 to bring him a ,list or ,account of all the monies advanced1 or engaged for3 ,and ,i always put down his name with #djj pounds opposite to it1 which he approved of4 ,moreover1 in the preamble of the ,act of ,parliament1 drawn up by ,mr4 ,pearson his ,lordship's ,secretary1 under his ,direction1 there are these words3 ,and the ,right ,rev4 the ,lord ,bishop of ,durham 7late of ,bristol7 for promoting so good a design is disposed and ready to give the sum of #djj pounds towards the ,endowment of the new intended ,vicarage1 c4 ,which words in the first copy ran thus1 ,and the ,right ,rev4 the ,lord ,bishop of ,bristol1 c41 ,he being then ,bishop of the ,see of ,bristol2 ,and ,i have heard his ,lordship repeat those words in perusing the said ,copy4 ,farther2 upon the ,coming of the present ,lord ,bishop of ,bristol to this ,see1 ,he ordered me to draw up a short ,state of the ,case relating to the new intended ,church1 and the ,several ,expences necessary for completing the ,design1 which ,paper was afterwards shown to the ,commissioners appointed by ,act of ,parliament for building the said ,church1 ,and they ,requested1 ,that it might be printed4 ,but before it was sent to the press1 ,i transmitted a ,copy to the late ,lord ,bishop of ,durham1 then in ,london1 to know if his ,lordship approved of the ,publication of it1 and whether ,he would please to make any alteration4 ,his answer was1 ,that he saw no need of ,alterations1 and thought that the ,printing and ,dispersing of it might be of service to the charity4 ,i then directed ,mr4 ,oliver the ,printer to call upon his ,lordship for the ,manuscript1 which he did2 and after printing the same1 ,he carried fifty ,copies to his ,lordship for his own use2 ,one of which ,copies was sent to a pious and charitable lady1 but whether by his ,lordship1 or his ,secretary1 ,i cannot say2 ,the ,issue of which was1 ,a ,benefaction of #bjj pounds sent to his ,lordship1 ,to be disposed of either for the building or the ,endowment as his ,lordship thought fit4 ,now in the printed paper above mentioned1 there are the following remarkable expressions-- ,the late ,lord ,bishop of ,bristol1 now of ,durham1 and the ,right ,worshipful the ,mayor and ,corporation of ,bristol1 have contributed large ,sums for carrying the said good ,purposes into ,execution1 c4 ,and upon all times and occasions1 after he had ,purchased the contiguous ,grounds above mentioned of ,sir ,abraham ,elton for the sum of #cge pounds1 ,he used to say1 ,that the purchase was for the use of the new ,intended ,church1 and did wish1 ,that some little adjoining ,tenement might be found1 to be purchased with the remaining ,sum of #be pounds in order to make up the even money of #djj pounds4 ,also when ,i waited on his ,lordship last in ,london1 ,i was desired by ,mr4 ,willoughby1 the treasurer for the said ,church1 to ask his ,lordship1 ,how he would please to have the rents of the purchased ,grounds disposed of1 as some rents were then become due1 viz4 whether to be applied towards the endowment--or the ,building4 ,and his answer was1 ,that the rents1 being the ,interest of the money allotted for the ,charity should be applied to the charity1 as well as the ,principal3 ,but whether towards the ,endowment or ,building ,he was not yet determined3 ,he believed1 the ,endowment3 but would fix his answer1 when he came down to ,bristol4 ,and after his coming down1 ,he several times said1 that he would give orders concerning that affair4 ,he also sent to me one time to acquaint me1 ,that he had a ,benefaction put into his hands of #bjj pounds 7the benefaction above mentioned71 ,and was pleased to desire my advice1 ,whether it should be applied towards the ,endowment1--or the ,building4 ,my answer was1 ,that as the ,building was so far advanced1 ,there was not much danger1 but that ,contributions might be raised to finish it1--,either by voluntary ,subscriptions1--or a ,general collection round the city1--or by both methods together4 ,but it would not be found so easy a matter to raise ,contributions for the ,endowment4 ,and the ,sums hitherto procured were very far from being a ,competency for a ,resident ,minister4 ,i then mentioned his ,benefaction of #djj pounds1 and the #djj pounds from ,q4 ,ann's ,bounty1 as being a sum which might be depended on1--,also the benefaction of #bjj pounds in his ,lordship's ,hands2 which possibly might obtain #bjj pounds more from the ,bounty2--,so that the whole ,sum1 to be reckoned upon1 even with the supposed addition of #bjj pounds from the ,bounty1 would only amount to #abjj pounds1 which at #c per cent41 would make an ,income of #cf pounds a year4 ,his ,lordship was pleased to approve of this ,reasoning upon the ,case1 and said1 ,the #bjj pounds should go towards the ,endowment3 ,and as his own was a bad ,life1 the ,benefaction should be enrolled in the name of ,mr4 ,pearson1 in order to try to obtain #bjj pounds more from ,q4 ,ann's ,bounty4 ,all these particulars ,i am willing to testify upon ,oath4 ,,the ,,end4 ,,gilbert ,,and ,,rivington1 ,,printers1 ,,st4 ,,john',s ,,square1 ,,london4 ,footnotes #aa ,i have been quite unable to decipher the original of this2 by the letters it seems to make from offendimtum of ,scrupleousness4