,univ]sity ( ,georgia47        ,,an     
,,inquiry ,,into  ,,! ,,nature ,,(      
,,peace  ,,&  ,,! ,,t]ms ,,( ,,its      
,,p]petuation  ,,by  ,,?or/e9 ,,vebl5   
,new ,york ,b4,w4 ,,huebs* #aiai  ,all  
rights res]v$     ,,copyright1 #aiag4   
,,by ,,! ,,macmillan ,,company4         
,publi%$ ,april1 #aiag3 ,repr9t$ ,augu/1
 #aiag4  ,new edition publi%$ by ,b4,w4 
,,huebs*4 ,janu>y1 #aiai4     ,,preface 
,x is n[ "s #abb ye>s s9ce ,kant wrote !
 essay1 ,zum ewig5 ,fri$54 ,_m ?+s h    
happ5$ s9ce !n1 al?\gh ! ,peace to :i*  
he look$ =w>d ) a d\btful hope has n be5
 among !m4 ,b _m ?+s h happ5$ :i* !     
great critical philosoph]1 & no less    
critical spectator ( human ev5ts1 w\ld h
 se5 ) int]e/4 ,to ,kant ! que/ ( an    
endur+ peace pres5t$ itself z an        
intr9sic human duty1 r ?an z a promis+  
ent]prise4 ,yet ?r\gh all 8 analysis (  
its premises & ( ! t]ms on :i* x may be 
realis$ !re runs a t5aci\s p]suasion t1 
9 ! end1 ! rgime ( peace at l>ge w be   
in/all$4 ,n z a delib]ate a*ievem5t (   

human wisdom1 s mu* z a "w ( ,nature !  
,design] ( ?+s--,natura da$ala r]um4    
,to any att5tive read] ( ,kant's        
memorable essay x w be app>5t t ! title 
( ! foll[+ inquiry--,on ! nature ( peace
 & ! t]ms ( its p]petuation--is a       
descriptive translation ( ! caption "u  
:i* he wrote4 ,t su* %\ld be ! case w n1
 x is hop$1 be acc\nt$ ei!r an unseemly 
presumption or an undue incl9ation to "w
 "u a borr[$ light4 ,! aim & compass (  
any dis9t]e/$ inquiry 9 ^! premises is  
/ill ! same z x 0 9 ,kant's "t2 su*1    
inde$1 z he 9 great "p made x1--viz41 a 
sy/ematic k ( ?+s z !y are4 ,nor is !   
light ( ,kant's lead+ to be disp5s$ ) z 
t\*es ! ways & means ( sy/ematic k1     
:]ev] ! human realities are 9 "q4       
,meantime1 _m ?+s h also *ang$ s9ce !   
date ( ,kant's essay4 ,among o!r *anges 
are ^? t affect ! direction ( inquiry & 
! t]ms ( sy/ematic =mulation4 ,natura   
da$ala r]um is no long] all[$ to g on h]
 own recognizances1 )\t divulg+ ! ways &
 means ( h] workman%ip4 ,& x is su* a   

l9e ( ext5sion t is "h attempt$1 into a 
field ( inquiry :i* 9 ,kant's "t /ill   
lay ov] ! horizon ( ! future4  ,! que/ (
 p]petual peace at l>ge is no less a    
p>am\nt & intr9sic human duty today ?an 
x 01 nor is x at all c]ta9 t its f9al   
accompli%m5t is ne>]4 ,b ! "q ( its     
pursuit & ( ! conditions to be met 9    
seek+ ?is goal lies 9 a diff]5t %ape    
today2 & x is ?is "q t conc]ns ! inquiry
 :i* is "h und]tak51--,:at are ! t]ms on
 :i* peace at l>ge may hopefully be     
in/all$ & ma9ta9$8 ,:at1 if any?+1 is   
!re 9 ! pres5t situation t visibly makes
 = a realisation ( ^! necess>y t]ms )9 !
 calculable future8 ,& :at are !        
consequ5ces presumably due to foll[ 9 ! 
ne>] future f ! in/allation ( su* a     
peace at l>ge8 ,& ! answ] to ^! que/ions
 is "h s\ght n 9 t]ms ( :at ought       
dutifully to be done t[>d ! desir$      
consummation1 b r 9 t]ms ( ^? kn[n      
factors ( human behavi\r t c be %[n by  
analysis ( exp]i5ce to control ! conduct
 ( nations 9 conjunctures ( ?is k9d4    

,febru>y #aiag     ,,cont5ts   ,,*apt]  
,i  ,,introductory3 ,,on ,,! ,,/ate ,,& 
,,its ,,relation ,,to ,,w> ,,& ,,peace  
#a  ,! inquiry is n conc]n$ ) ! intr9sic
 m]its ( peace or w>1 #b4  --,b ) !     
nature1 causes & consequ5ces ( !        
preconceptions favor+ peace or w>1 #c4  
--,a brea* ( ! peace is an act ( !      
gov]nm5t1 or ,/ate1 #c4  --,patriotism  
is indisp5sable to fur!rance ( w>like   
ent]prise1 #d4  --,all ! peoples (      
,*ri/5dom are suffici5tly patriotic1 #f4
  --,peace e/abli%$ by ! ,/ate1 an      
armi/ice--! ,/ate is an in/rum5tality = 
mak+ peace1 n = p]petuat+ x1 #g4  --,!  
gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5ts & _! p[]s 9 all !
 ,*ri/ian nations are d]iv$ f ! feudal  
e/abli%m5ts ( ! ,middle ,ages1 #i4      
--,/ill reta9 ! "r ( co]cively controll+
 ! actions ( _! citiz5s1 #aa4           
--,contra/ ( ,icel&ic ,commonweal?1 #ab4
  --,! /atecraft ( ! pa/ half c5tury has
 be5 "o ( competitive prep>$ness1 #ad4  
--,prussianis$ ,g]many has =c$ ! pace 9 
?is competitive prep>$ness1 #bj4  --,an 

av[$ly pr$atory ent]prise no long] meets
 ) approval1 #ba4  --,:5 a w>like       
ent]prise has be5 ent]$ ^u1 x w h !     
support ( popul> s5tim5t ev5 if x is an 
aggressive w>1 #bb4  --,! moral         
indignation ( bo? p>ties to ! qu>rel is 
to be tak5 = grant$1 #bc4  --,!         
spiritual =ces ( any ,*ri/ian nation may
 be mobilis$ = w> by ei!r ( two pleas3  
7#a7 ,! pres]vation or fur!rance ( !    
community's mat]ial int]e/s1 real or    
fanci$1 & 7#b7 v9dication ( ! ,national 
,hon\r2 z p]haps also p]petuation ( !   
national ,culture1 #bc4   ,,*apt] ,,ii  
,,on ,,! ,,nature ,,& ,,uses ,,(        
,,patriotism                            
#ca  ,! nature ( ,patriotism1 #ca4      
--,is a _s ( ,emulation1 #cc4  --,mu/   
seem moral1 if only to a bias$ populace1
 #cc4  --,! common man is suffici5tly   
patriotic b is hamp]$ ) a s5se ( "r &   
hone/ deal+1 #ch4  --,patriotism is at  
cross purposes ) mod]n life1 #ch4  --,is
 an h]$it>y trait8 #da4  --,v>iety (    
racial /ocks 9 ,europe1 #dc4            

--,patriotism a ubiquit\s trait1 #dc4   
--,patriotism diss]viceable1 yet m5 hold
 to x1 #df4  --,cultural evolution (    
,europeans1 #dh4  --,gr[? ( a s5se (    
gr\p solid>ity1 #di4  --,mat]ial int]e/s
 ( gr\p fall+ into abeyance z class     
divisions h gr[n up1 until pre/ige      
rema9s virtually ! sole community       
int]e/1 #ea4  --,bas$ ^u w>like pr[ess1 
physical magnitude & pecuni>y traffic ( 
c\ntry1 #ed4  --,int]e/s ( ! ma/] class 
are at cross purposes ) ! =tunes ( !    
common man1 #eg4  --,value ( sup]iors is
 a pre/ige value1 #eg4  --,! mat]ial    
b5efits :i* ?is rul+ class contribute   
are3 def5se aga9/ aggression1 &         
promotion ( ! community's mat]ial ga91  
#fj4  --,! common def5se is a rem$y =   
evils due to ! patriotic _s1 #fa4  --,! 
common def5se ! usual bl9d beh9d :i*    
ev5ts are put 9 tra9 = ev5tual          
ho/ilities1 #fb4  --,all ! nations (    
w>r+ ,europe conv9c$ t !y are fight+ a  
def5sive w>1 #fb4  --,:i* usually takes 
! =m ( a def5se ( ! ,national ,hon\r1   

#fc4  --,mat]ial welf>e is ( int]e/ to !
 ,dyna/ic /atesman only z x conduces to 
political success1 #fd4  --,! policy (  
national economic self-suffici5cy1 #fg4 
--,! *ief mat]ial use ( patriotism is   
its use to a limit$ numb] ( p]sons 9 _! 
que/ ( private ga91 #fg4  --,& has !    
effect ( divid+ ! nations on l9es (     
rivalry1 #gf4   ,,*apt] ,,iii  ,,on ,,! 
,,conditions ,,( ,a ,,la/+ ,,peace      
#gg  ,! patriotic _s ( mod]n peoples is 
! abid+ s\rce ( cont5tion among nations1
 #gg4  --,h5ce any calculus ( ! ,*ances 
( ,peace w be a reckon+ ( =ces :i* may  
be c\nt$ on to keep a patriotic nation 9
 an un/able equilibrium ( peace1 #gh4   
--,! "q ( peace & w> at l>ge is a "q (  
peace & w> among ! ,p[]s1 :i* are ( two 
contra/$ k9ds3 ^? :i* may safely be     
c\nt$ on spontane\sly to take ! (f5sive 
& ^? :i* w fight on provocation1 #gi4   
--,w> n a "q ( equity b ( opportunity1  
#ha4  --,! ,imp]ial designs ( ,g]many & 
,japan z ! prospective cause ( w>1 #hb4 
--,peace c be ma9ta9$ 9 two ways3       

submission to _! dom9ion1 or elim9ation 
( ^! two ,p[]s2 ,no middle c\rse op51   
#hd4  --,frame ( m9d ( /ates2 m5 &      
popul> s5tim5t 9 a ,dyna/ic ,/ate1 #hd4 
--,in=mation1 p]suasion & reflection w n
 subdue national animosities &          
jeal\sies2 ,peoples ( ,europe are       
racially homog5e\s along l9es ( climatic
 latitude1 #hh4  --,b loyalty is a matt]
 ( habituation1 #hi4  --,d]ivation &    
curr5t /ate ( ,g]man nationalism1 #id4  
--,contra/$ ) ! animus ( ! citiz5s ( a  
commonweal?1 #ajc2--;,a neutral         
peace-compact may be practicable 9 !    
abs5ce ( ,g]many & ,japan1 b x has no   
*ance 9 _! pres5ce1 #ajf4  --,! national
 life ( ,g]many3 ! ,intellectuals1 #ajh4
  --,summ>y ( *apt]1 #aaf4   ,,*apt]    
,,iv  ,,peace ,,)\t ,,hon\r             
#aah  ,submission to ! ,imp]ial ,p[] "o 
( ! conditions prec$5t to a peaceful    
settlem5t1 #aah4  --,"* ( ! project$    
tutelage1 #aah4  --,life "u ! ,pax      
,g]manica contra/$ ) ! ,ottoman &       
,russian rule1 #abd4  --,*9a &          

biological & cultural success1 #acj4    
--,difficulty ( non-resi/ant subjection 
is ( a psy*ological ord]1 #aca4         
--,patriotism ( ! bellicose k9d is ( !  
nature ( habit1 #acd4  --,& m5 may dive/
 !mselves ( x1 #adj4  --,a decay ( !    
bellicose national _s mu/ be ( !        
negative ord]1 ! disuse ( ! discipl9e   
out ( :i* x has aris51 #adb4            
--,submission to ,imp]ial au?orities    
necessitates abeyance ( national pride  
among ! o!r peoples1 #add4  --,pecuni>y 
m]its ( ! project$ ,imp]ial dom9ion1    
#ade4  --,pecuni>y class di/9ctions 9 ! 
commonweal?s & ! pecuni>y burd5 on !    
common man1 #aej4  --,mat]ial conditions
 ( life = ! common man "u ! mod]n rule (
 big bus9ess1 #aef4  --,! competitive   
rgime1 :at ! traffic w be>1 & ! life &  
labor ( ! common man1 #aeh4             
--,indu/rial sabotage by bus9essm51     
#afe4  --,contra/$ ) ! ,imp]ial usufruct
 & its mat]ial advantages to ! common   
man1 #agd4   ,,*apt] ,v  ,,peace ,,&    
,,neutrality                            

#agh  ,p]sonal lib]ty1 n creature       
com=ts1 ! ult]ior spr+s ( action ( !    
common man ( ! democratic nations1 #agh4
  --,no *ange ( spiritual /ate to be    
look$ = 9 ! life-"t ( ! oncom+ g5]ation1
 #ahe4  --,! ,dyna/ic _s among ! peoples
 ( ! ,empire w1 "u ! discipl9e ( mod]n  
economic conditions1 fall into decay1   
#ahg4  --,contra/ ( class divisions 9   
,g]many & ,engl&1 #aib4  --,national    
e/abli%m5ts are dep5d5t = _! cont9uance 
^u prep>ation = ho/ilities1 #aif4  --,! 
"t requir$ = ! p ( ! ,dyna/ic ,/ates to 
unle>n _! preconceptions w be long] ?an 
! int]val requir$ = a new onset1 #aig4  
--,!re c be no neutral c\rse betwe5     
peace by unconditional surr5d] &        
submission or peace by ! elim9ation (   
,imp]ial ,g]many & ,japan1 #bjb4        
--,peace by submission n practicable = !
 mod]n nations1 #bjc4  --,neutralisation
 ( citiz5%ip1 #bje4  --,spontane\s move 
9 t direction n to be look$ =1 #bac4    
--,its *ances ( success1 #bai4  --,!    
c\rse ( ev5ts 9 ,am]ica1 #bba4   ,,*apt]

 ,,vi  ,,elim9ation ,,( ,,! ,,unfit     
#bcc  ,a league ( neutrals1 its outl9e1 
#bcc4  --,ne$ ( security f aggression ( 
,imp]ial ,g]many1 #bcd4  --,inclusion ( 
! ,imp]ial ,/ates 9 ! league1 #bcg4     
--,necessity ( elim9ation ( ,imp]ial    
milit>y clique1 #bci4  --,necessity (   
int]m$dl+ 9 int]nal affairs ( ,g]many   
ev5 if n acceptable to ! ,g]man p1 #bdj4
  --,probability ( pacific nations tak+ 
measures to insure peace1 #bdd-bih4     
--,! ,briti% g5tleman & 8 control ( !   
,engli% gov]nm5t1 #bdd4  --,! %ift+ (   
control out ( ! h&s ( ! g5tleman into ^?
 ( ! und]br$ common man1 #bea4  --,! w> 
situation & its probable effect on      
popul> habits ( ?\ght 9 ,engl&1 #beb4   
--,! c\rse ( su* ev5ts & _! be>+ on !   
*ances ( a workable pacific league1     
#bee4  --,conditions prec$5t to a       
successful pacific league ( neutrals1   
#beh4  --,colonial possessions1 #bei4   
--,neutralisation ( trade relations1    
#bfc4  --,futility ( economic boycott1  
#bff4  --,! t]ms ( settlem5t1 #bfi4     

--,! effect ( ! w> & ! *ances ( !       
,briti% p be+ able to meet ! exig5cies (
 peace1 #bgc4  --,summ>y ( ! t]ms (     
settlem5t1 #bhj4  --,con/itutional      
mon>*ies & ! ,briti% g5tlemanly         
gov]nm5t1 #bha4  --,! ,am]ican national 
e/abli%m5t1 a gov]nm5t by bus9essm51 &  
its economic policy1 #bib4  --,am]ica & 
! league1 #bid4   ,,*apt] ,,vii  ,,peace
 ,,& ,,! ,,price ,,sy/em                
#bii  ,! diff]5t conceptions ( peace1   
#bii4  --,psy*ological effects ( ! w>1  
#cjc4  --,! h&icraft sy/em & ! ma*9e    
indu/ry1 & _! psy*ological effect on    
political preconceptions1 #cjf4  --,!   
ma*9e te*nology & ! decay ( patriotic   
loyalty1 #caj4  --,summ>y1 #cac4        
--,own]%ip & ! "r ( contract1 #cae4     
--,/&>dis$ "u h&icraft sy/em1 #cai4     
--,own]%ip & ! ma*9e indu/ry4 #cbj4     
--,bus9ess control & sabotage1 #cbb4    
--,gov]nm5ts ( pacific nations controll$
 by privileg$ classes1 #cbf4  --,effect 
( peace on ! economic situation1 #cbh4  
--,economic aspects ( a rgime ( peace1  

especially z relat$ to ! developm5t (   
classes1 #ccj4  --,! analogy ( !        
,victorian ,peace1 #cdd4  --,! case ( ! 
,am]ican ,f>m]1 #cdh4  --,! leisure     
class1 #cej4  --,! ris+ /&>d ( liv+1    
#ced4  --,culture1 #cee4  --,! ev5tual  
cleavage ( classes1 ^? :o own & ^? :o d 
n1 #cfj4  --,condition$ by peace at     
l>ge1 #cff4  --,necess>y conditions ( a 
la/+ peace1 #cfg4   ,,an ,,inquiry      
,,into ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,peace ,,& ,,! 
,,t]ms ,,( ,,its ,,p]petuation     ,,on 
,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,peace ,,& ,,! ,,t]ms 
,,( ,,its ,,p]petuation     ,,*apt] ,i  
,,introductory3 ,,on ,,! ,,/ate ,,&     
,,its ,,relation ,,to ,,w> ,,& ,,peace  
,to _m ?\ghtful m5 ripe 9 worldly wisdom
 x is kn[n ( a v]ity t w> belongs       
indefeasibly 9 ! ,ord] ( ,nature4       
,cont5tion1 ) manslaught]1 is           
indisp5sable 9 human int]c\rse1 at !    
same "t t x conduces to ! increase &    
diffusion ( ! manly virtues4 ,s         
likewise1 ! unspoil$ y\? ( ! race1 9 !  
p]iod ( adolesc5ce & aspir+ manhood1    

also commonly %>e ?is gift ( insight &  
back x ) a g5]\s comm5dation ( all !    
m>tial qualities2 & wom5 ( nubile age & 
no undue maturity gladly meet !m half   
way4  ,on ! o!r h&1 ! mo!rs ( ! p are   
commonly unable to see ! use ( x all4 ,x
 seems a wa/e ( de>-b\ght human life1 ) 
a l>ge sum ( no?+ to %[ = x4 ,s also _m 
m5 ( an eld]ly turn1 prematurely or     
o!rwise1 are ready to l5d _! c\nt5ance  
to ! l disp>ag+ appraisal2 x may be t ! 
_s ( pr[ess 9 !m runs at too l[ a       
t5sion1 or !y may h outliv$ ! m vivid   
appreciation ( ! spiritual values       
involv$4 ,!re are _m1 also1 ) a turn =  
exhortation1 :o f9d employm5t = _! be/  
faculties 9 atte/+ ! well-kn[n          
atrocities & futility ( w>4  ,inde$1 n  
infrequ5tly su* advocates ( peace w     
devote _! o!rwise idle p[]s to ?is "w ( 
exhortation )\t /ip5d or subsidy4 ,& !y 
uni=mly make good _! cont5tion t !      
curr5tly accept$ conception ( ! nature (
 w>--,g5]al ,%]man's =mula--is          
sub/antially correct4 ,all ! :ile x is  

to be admitt$ t all ?is axiomatic       
exhortation has no visible effect on !  
c\rse ( ev5ts or on ! popul> temp] t\*+ 
w>like ent]prise4 ,inde$1 no equal      
volume ( spee* c be m incontrov]tible or
 less conv9c+ ?an ! utt]ances ( ! peace 
advocates1 :e!r subsidis$ or n4 ,w> is  
,bloodi] ?an ,peace4 ,?is w\ld d\btless 
be conc$$ )\t argum5t1 b also )\t       
prejudice4 ,hi!rto ! pacifi/s' que/ ( a 
basis = endur+ peace1 x mu/ be admitt$1 
has br\ght home no?+ tangible--) !      
qualification1 ( c\rse1 t ! subsidis$   
pacifi/s h come 9 = ! subsidy4 ,s t1    
aft] se>*+ ! recesses ( _! imag9ation1  
able-bodi$ pacifi/s ^: loquacity has    
nev] be5 at fault hi!rto h be5 br\ght to
 ask3 ,:at ,%all ,we ,say8         99   
99       99       99       99  ,"u ^!   
circum/ances x w n be out ( place to    
inquire into ! nature ( ?is peace ab\t  
:i* sw+s ?is wide orbit ( op9ion &      
argum5t4 ,at ! mo/1 su* an inquiry c be 
no m gratuit\s & no m nugatory ?an !    
controv]sies t provoke x4 ,! intr9sic   

m]its ( peace at l>ge1 z aga9/ ^? (     
w>like ent]prise1 x %\ld be said1 d n "h
 come 9 "q4 ,t "q lies 9 ! doma9 (      
preconceiv$ op9ion1 s t = ! purposes (  
?is inquiry x w h no significance except
 z a matt] to be inquir$ into2 ! ma9    
po9t ( ! inquiry be+ ! nature1 causes & 
consequ5ces ( su* a preconception favor+
 peace1 & ! circum/ances t make = a     
contr>y preconception 9 favor ( w>4  ,by
 & l>ge1 any brea* ( ! peace 9 mod]n    
times is an (ficial act & c be tak5 only
 on initiative ( ! gov]nm5tal           
e/abli%m5t1 ! ,/ate4 ,! national        
au?orities may1 ( c\rse1 be driv5 to    
take su* a /ep by pressure ( w>like     
popul> s5tim5t4 ,su*1 e4g41 is presum$  
to h be5 ! case 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates'      
attack on ,spa9 dur+ ! ,mc,kinley       
adm9i/ration2 b ! m t comes to light ( !
 intimate hi/ory ( t episode1 ! m evid5t
 does x become t ! popul> w> s5tim5t to 
:i* ! adm9i/ration yield$ _h be5 some:at
 s$ul\sly mobilis$ ) a view to su*      
yield+ & su* a brea*4 ,s also 9 ! case (

 ! ,bo] w>1 ! move 0 made "u sanction ( 
a popul> w> _s1 :i*1 aga91 did n come to
 a head )\t %rewd surveillance &        
direction4 ,& s aga9 9 ! curr5t         
,european w>1 9 ! case1 e4g41 ( ,g]many1
 :]e ! initiative 0 tak51 ! ,/ate pla9ly
 _h ! full support ( popul> s5tim5t1 &  
may ev5 be said to h precipitat$ ! w> 9 
response to ?is urg5t popul> aspiration2
 & "h aga9 x is a matt] ( notoriety t ! 
popul> s5tim5t _h long be5 s$ul\sly     
nurs$ & mobilis$ to t effect1 s t !     
populace 0 assidu\sly kept 9 spiritual  
read9ess = su* an ev5t4 ,! l is less    
evid5t z reg>ds ! ,unit$ ,k+dom1 &      
p]haps also z reg>ds ! o!r ,allies4  ,& 
su* appe>s to h be5 ! common run ( !    
facts z reg>ds all ! great] w>s ( ! la/ 
"o hundr$ ye>s1--:at may be call$ !     
public w>s ( ?is mod]n era1 z contra/$ )
 ! private or adm9i/rative w>s :i* h be5
 c>ri$ on 9 a corn] by "o & ano!r ( !   
,great ,p[]s aga9/ hapless b>b>ians1 f  
"t to "t1 9 ! c\rse ( adm9i/rative      
r\t9e4  ,x is also evid5t f ! run ( !   

facts z exemplifi$ 9 ^! mod]n w>s t :ile
 any brea* ( ! peace takes place only on
 ! initiative & at ! discretion ( !     
gov]nm5t1 or ,/ate1#a x is always       
requisite 9 fur!rance ( su* w>like      
ent]prise to *]i% & ev5tually to        
mobilise popul> s5tim5t 9 support ( any 
w>like move4 ,due fom5tation ( a w>like 
animus is indisp5sable to ! procur+ &   
ma9t5ance ( a suitable equipm5t ) :i*   
ev5tually to break ! peace1 z well z to 
ensure a dilig5t prosecution ( su*      
ent]prise :5 once x has be5 und]tak54   
,su* a _s ( militant patriotism z may   
s]viceably be mobilis$ 9 support (      
w>like ent]prise has accord+ly be5 a    
condition prec$5t to any p's entry into 
! mod]n ,conc]t ( ,nations4 ,?is ,conc]t
 ( ,nations is a ,conc]t ( ,p[]s1 & x is
 only z a ,p[] t any nation plays its "p
 9 ! conc]t1 all ! :ile t p[] "h means  
ev5tual w>like =ce4  ,footnote #a3 ,a   
mod]n nation con/itutes a ,/ate only 9  
respect ( or ) ult]ior be>+ on ! "q (   
,int]national peace or w>4  ,su* a p z !

 ,*9ese1 e4g41 n p]vad$ ) an adequate   
patriotic _s1 comes into ! ,conc]t (    
,nations n z a ,p[] b z a bone (        
cont5tion4 ,n t ! ,*9ese fall %ort 9 any
 ( ! qualities t conduce to effici5cy & 
welf>e 9 "t ( peace1 b !y appe>1 9      
effect1 to lack t c]ta9 solid>ity (     
pr[ess by virtue ( :i* !y %\ld *oose to 
be 7collectively7 =midable r ?an        
7individually7 =tunate & upright2 & !   
mod]n civilis$ nations are n 9 a        
position1 nor 9 a frame ( m9d1 to       
tol]ate a neighbor ^: only claim on _!  
consid]ation falls "u ! category ( peace
 on e>? & good-w among m54 ,*9a appe>s  
hi!rto n to h be5 a s]viceable p =      
w>like ends1 except 9 s f> z ! res\rces 
( t c\ntry h be5 tak5 ov] & conv]t$ to  
w>like uses by "s ali5 p[] work+ to its 
own ends4 ,su* h be5 ! sev]al ali5      
dyna/ies t h seiz$ ^u t c\ntry f "t to  
"t & h a*iev$ dom9ion by usufruct ( its 
unw>like =ces4 ,su* has be5 ! nature ( !
 ,man*u empire ( ! rec5t pa/1 & su* is !
 evid5t purpose ( ! prospective         

,japanese usufruct ( ! same c\ntry & its
 populace4 ,meantime ! ,*9ese p appe> to
 be incorrigibly peaceable1 be+ sc>cely 
will+ to fight 9 any conc]t$ fa%ion ev5 
:5 driv5 into a corn] by unprovok$      
aggression1 z 9 ! pres5t juncture4 ,su* 
a p is v exceptional4 ,among civilis$   
nations !re are1 broadly speak+1 none ( 
t temp]1 ) ! sole exception ( !         
,*9ese1--if ! ,*9ese are prop]ly to be  
spok5 ( z a nation4  ,mod]n w>f>e makes 
su* l>ge & direct use ( ! indu/rial     
arts1 & dep5ds = its successful         
prosecution s l>gely on a volum9\s &    
unremitt+ supply ( civilian s]vices &   
wr\ght goods1 t any in(f5sive &         
indu/ri\s p1 su* z ! ,*9ese1 c\ld       
d\btless n[ be turn$ to good acc\nt by  
any w>like p[] t might h ! disposal ( _!
 work+ =ces4 ,to make _! indu/rial      
effici5cy c\nt 9 ?is way t[>d w>like    
ent]prise & imp]ial dom9ion1 ! usufruct 
( any su* in(f5sive & unpatriotic       
populace w\ld h to fall into ! h&s ( an 
ali5 gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5t4 ,& no ali5  

gov]nm5t re/+ on ! support ( a home     
population tra9$ 9 ! habits ( democracy 
or giv5 ov] to ideals ( common hone/y 9 
national conc]ns c\ld hopefully und]take
 ! ent]prise4 ,?is "w ( empire-build+   
out ( unw>like mat]ials c\ld app>5tly be
 c>ri$ out only by "s ali5 p[] hamp]$ by
 no res]ve ( scruple1 & back$ by a      
s]vile populace ( its own1 imbu$ ) an   
impeccable loyalty to its ma/]s & ) a   
suitably bellicose temp]1 z1 e4g41      
,imp]ial ,japan or ,imp]ial ,g]many4    
,h[ev]1 = ! commonplace national        
ent]prise ! common run w d v well4 ,any 
populace imbu$ ) a reasonable measure ( 
patriotism w s]ve z ways & means to     
w>like ent]prise "u compet5t managem5t1 
ev5 if x is n habitually prone to a     
bellicose temp]4 ,rightly manag$1 ord9>y
 patriotic s5tim5t may readily be       
mobilis$ = w>like adv5ture by any       
reasonably adroit & s+le-m9d$ body (    
/atesm51--( :i* !re is abundant         
illu/ration4 ,all ! peoples ( ,*ri/5dom 
are possess$ ( a suffici5tly al]t s5se (

 nationality1 & by tradition & curr5t   
usage all ! national gov]nm5ts (        
,*ri/5dom are w>like e/abli%m5ts1 at    
lea/ 9 ! def5sive s5se2 & ! di/9ction   
betwe5 ! def5sive & ! (f5sive 9         
int]national intrigue is a te*nical     
matt] t (f]s no great difficulty4 ,none 
( ^! nations is ( su* an incorrigibly   
peaceable temp] t !y c be c\nt$ on to   
keep ! peace consi/5tly 9 ! ord9>y c\rse
 ( ev5ts4  ,peace e/abli%$ by ! ,/ate1  
or re/+ 9 ! discretion ( ! ,/ate1 is    
necess>ily ( ! nature ( an armi/ice1 9  
effect t]m9able at w & on %ort notice4  
,x is ma9ta9$ only on conditions1       
/ipulat$ by express conv5tion or        
e/abli%$ by cu/om1 & !re is always !    
res]vation1 tacit or explicit1 t rec\rse
 w be _h to arms 9 case ! national      
int]e/s or ! punctilios ( int]national  
etiquette are trav]s$ by ! act or       
defection ( any rival gov]nm5t or its   
subjects4 ,! m nationally-m9d$ !        
gov]nm5t or its subject populace1 !     
readi] ! response to ! call ( any su*   

opportunity = an unfold+ ( pr[ess4 ,!   
mo/ peaceable gov]nm5tal policy ( :i*   
,*ri/5dom has exp]i5ce is a policy (    
wat*ful wait+1 ) a jeal\s eye to !      
em]g5ce ( any occasion = national       
res5tm5t2 & ! mo/ irretrievably %ameful 
d]eliction ( duty on ! "p ( any civilis$
 gov]nm5t w\ld be its ev5tual           
ins5sibility to ! appeal ( a j w>4 ,"u  
any gov]nm5tal auspices1 z ! mod]n _w   
kn[s gov]nm5ts1 ! keep+ ( ! peace comes 
at its be/ "u ! precept1 ,speak s(tly & 
c>ry a big /ick4 ,b ! case = peace is m 
prec>i\s ?an ! word+ ( ! aphorism w\ld  
indicate1 9 z mu* z 9 practical fact !  
big /ick is an ob/acle to s(t spee*4    
,evid5tly1 9 ! light ( rec5t hi/ory1 if 
! peace is to be kept x w h to come ab\t
 irrespective ( gov]nm5tal managem5t1--9
 spite ( ! ,/ate r ?an by its good      
(fices4 ,at ! be/1 ! ,/ate1 or !        
gov]nm5t1 is an in/rum5tality = mak+    
peace1 n = p]petuat+ x4         99      
99       99       99       99  ,anyone  
:o is int]e/$ 9 ! nature & d]ivation (  

gov]nm5tal in/itutions & e/abli%m5ts 9  
,europe1 9 any b ! =mal respect1 %\ld be
 able to satisfy 8 curiosity by look+   
ov] ! %\ld]s ( ! pr(ess$ /ud5ts (       
,political ,sci5ce4 ,q prop]ly &        
pr(itably t bran* ( s*ol>%ip is occupi$ 
) ! au!ntic p$igree ( ^! in/itutions1 & 
) ! docum5t>y in/rum5ts 9 ! case2 s9ce  
,political ,sci5ce is1 aft] all1 a bran*
 ( !oretical jurisprud5ce & is conc]n$  
ab\t a =mally compet5t analysis ( !     
record$ legal p[]s4 ,! mat]ial          
circum/ances f :i* ^! in/itutions once  
took _! beg9n+1 & ! exig5cies :i* h     
gov]n$ ! rate & direction ( _! lat] gr[?
 & mutation1 z well z ! de facto be>+ ( 
! in/itutional s*eme on ! mat]ial welf>e
 or ! cultural =tunes ( ! giv5          
community1--:ile all ^! matt]s ( fact   
may be g]mane to ! speculations (       
,political ,!ory1 !y are n intr9sic to  
its premises1 to ! logical sequ5ce ( its
 inquiry1 or to its !oretical f9d+s4 ,! 
l is also true1 ( c\rse1 z reg>ds t     
sy/em ( habits ( ?\ght1 t curr5t frame (

 m9d1 9 :i* any giv5 in/itutional s*eme 
necess>ily is gr\nd$1 & )\t ! cont9u$   
support ( :i* any giv5 s*eme (          
gov]nm5tal in/itutions or policy w\ld   
become nugatory & s w\ld pass into !    
prov9ce ( legal fiction4 ,all ^! are n  
idle matt]s 9 ! purview ( ! /ud5t (     
,political ,sci5ce1 b !y rema9 aft] all 
sub/antially extrane\s to ! /ructure (  
political !ory2 & 9 s f> z matt]s ( ?is 
class are to be br\ght into ! case at   
all1 ! speciali/s 9 ! field c n fairly  
be expect$ to contribute any?+ beyond an
 occasional obit] dictum4 ,!re c be no  
disc\rte\s presumption1 !re=e1 9 accept+
 ! g5]al !orems ( curr5t political !ory 
)\t prejudice1 & look+ pa/ ! receiv$    
!oretical =mulations = a view ( !       
sub/antial gr\nds on :i* ! gov]nm5tal   
e/abli%m5ts h gr[n into %ape1 & !       
circum/ances1 mat]ial & spiritual1 t    
surr\nd _! cont9u$ work+ & effect4  ,by 
l9eal desc5t ! gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5ts & 
! p[]s ) :i* !y are ve/$1 9 all !       
,*ri/ian nations1 are d]iv$ f ! feudal  

e/abli%m5ts ( ! ,middle ,ages2 :i*1 9   
turn1 are ( a pr$atory orig9 & ( an     
irresponsible "*4#b ,9 ne>ly all        
in/ances1 b m p>ticul>ly among ! nations
 t are acc\nt$ *>act]i/ically mod]n1 !  
exi/+ e/abli%m5ts h be5 greatly alt]$ f 
! m$iaeval patt]n1 by concessive        
adaptation to lat] exig5cies or by a m  
or less revolution>y innovation4 ,!     
degree ( _! mod]nity is 7conv5tionally7 
measur$1 r\ghly1 by ! degree 9 :i* !y h 
dep>t$ f ! m$iaeval patt]n4 ,:]ev] !    
unavoidable concessions h be5 %rewdly   
made ) a view to cons]v+ ! autonomy &   
irresponsibility ( ! gov]nm5tal         
e/abli%m5t1 or ! ,/ate1 & :]e ! /ate (  
national s5tim5t has be5 l$ to favor ?is
 "w ( cons]vation1 z1 e4g41 9 ! case (  
,au/ria1 ,spa9 or ,prussia1 !re ! mod]n 
outcome has be5 :at may be call$ a      
,dyna/ic ,/ate4 ,:]e1 on ! o!r h&1 ! run
 ( national s5tim5t has dep>t$ notably f
 ! anci5t hold+ gr\nd ( loyal           
abnegation1 & has en=c$ a measure (     
revolution>y innovation1 z 9 ! case (   

,france or ( ! ,engli%-speak+ peoples1  
!re ! mod]n outcome has be5 an          
7o/5sibly7 democratic commonweal? (     
ungrad$ citiz5s4 ,b ! contra/ s indicat$
 is a contra/ ( div]g5t v>iants r ?an ( 
opposites4 ,^! two type-=ms may be tak5 
z ! extreme & inclusive limits (        
v>iation among ! gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5ts 
) :i* ! mod]n _w is furni%$4#c          
,footnote #b3 ,! p>tial & dubi\s        
exception ( ! ,sc&9avian c\ntries or (  
,switz]l& ne$ raise no "q on ?is head4  
,footnote #c3 ,cf41 e4g41 ,edu>d ,mey]1 
,engl&3 its political organisation &    
developm5t4 *4 ii4  ,! effectual        
diff]5ce betwe5 ^! two !oretically      
contra/$ types ( gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5ts 
is d\btless grave en\gh1 & = _m purposes
 x is consequ5tial1 b x is aft] all n ( 
su* a nature z ne$ greatly deta9 !      
argum5t at ?is po9t4 ,! two diff] less1 
9 effect1 9 t range ( _! function+ :i*  
comes 9 "q "h ?an 9 _! be>+ on !        
community's =tunes ap>t f que/ions ( w> 
& peace4 ,9 all cases !re /& ov] 9 ?is  

be>+ c]ta9 prim>y *>act]i/ics ( ! anci5t
 rgime1 :i* all ^! mod]n e/abli%m5ts h 9
 common1 ?\gh n all 9 an equal degree ( 
pres]vation & effectiv5ess4 ,!y are1    
e4g41 all ve/$ ) c]ta9 attributes (     
sov]eignty4 ,9 all cases ! citiz5 /ill  
proves on clos] att5tion to be 9 "s     
measure a subject ( ! ,/ate1 9 t he is  
inv>iably conceiv$ to owe a duty to !   
con/itut$ au?orities 9 "o respect &     
ano!r4 ,all civilis$ gov]nm5ts take     
cognizance ( ,treason1 ,s$ition1 & ! l2 
& all good citiz5s are n only cont5t b  
pr(\ndly insi/5t on ! cle> duty ( !     
citiz5 on ?is head4 ,! bias ( loyalty is
 n a matt] on :i* argum5t is tol]at$4   
,by virtue ( ?is bias ( loyalty1 or     
civic duty--:i* /ill has mu* ( ! color (
 feudal allegiance--! gov]nm5tal        
e/abli%m5t is )9 its rights 9 co]cively 
controll+ & direct+ ! actions ( !       
citiz51 or subject1 9 ^? respects t s   
lie )9 8 duty2 z also 9 au?oritatively  
turn+ 8 abilities to acc\nt = ! purposes
 t s lie )9 ! gov]nm5tal discretion1 z1 

e4g41 ! ,common ,def5se4  ,^! rights &  
p[]s /ill rema9 to ! gov]nm5tal         
e/abli%m5t ev5 at ! wide/ democratic    
dep>ture f t anci5t patt]n ( ma/]ful    
tutelage & usufruct t m>k$ ! old-fa%ion$
 patrimonial ,/ate1--& t /ill m>ks !    
bett] pres]v$ ones among its mod]n      
d]ivatives4 ,& s intr9sic to ^!         
gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5ts are ^!           
discretion>y p[]s1 & by s unfail+ a     
popul> bias are !y /ill acc\nt$ a matt] 
( c\rse & ( axiomatic necessity1 t !y h 
inv>iably be5 reta9$ also among !       
attributes ( ^? democratic gov]nm5ts t  
trace _! orig9 to a revolution>y break )
 ! old ord]4  ,to _m1 all ?is w seem a  
p$antic tak+ note ( commonplaces1--z if 
x 7 wor? :ile rem>k+ t ! exi/+ gov]nm5ts
 are ve/$ ) ! indisp5sable attributes ( 
gov]nm5t4 ,yet hi/ory records an in/ance
 at v>iance ) ?is axiomatic rule1 a rule
 :i* is held to be an unavoidable       
deliv]ance ( common s5se4 ,& x is by no 
means an altoge!r unique in/ance4 ,x may
 s]ve to %[ t ^! *>act]i/ic &           

unimpea*able p[]s t inve/ all curr5t    
gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5ts are1 aft] all1 to
 be rat$ z ! m>ks ( a p>ticul> species (
 gov]nm5ts1 & n *>act]i/ics ( ! g5us (  
gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5ts at l>ge4 ,^! p[]s
 answ] to an acquir$ bias1 n to an      
und]ly+ trait ( human nature2 a matt] ( 
habit1 n ( h]$ity4  ,su* an hi/orical   
in/ance is ! s-call$ ,republic1 or      
,commonweal?1 ( ,icel&--t5? to ?irte5?  
c5turies4 ,its case is look$ on by      
/ud5ts ( hi/ory z a spectacul> anomaly1 
because x admitt$ none ( ^! prim>y p[]s 
( gov]nm5t 9 its con/itut$ au?orities4  
,& yet1 = contra/ ) ^! matt]-(-c\rse    
preconceptions ( ^! /ud5ts ( hi/ory1 x  
is well to note t 9 ! delib]ations ( ^? 
anci5ts :o in/all$ ! ,republic = !      
managem5t ( _! jo9t conc]ns1 any        
inclusion ( su* p[]s 9 its compet5cy    
appe>s nev] to h be5 contemplat$1 n ev5 
to ! ext5t ( its be+ reject$4 ,?is      
s+ul>ity--z x w\ld be rat$ by mod]n     
/atesm5 & /ud5ts--0 9 no degree a new   
dep>ture 9 /ate-mak+ on ! "p ( ! f\nd]s 

( ! ,republic4 ,!y _h no k ( su* p[]s1  
duties & acc\ntabilities1 except z      
un:olesome features ( a novel & ali5    
s*eme ( irresponsible oppression t 0    
s\ght to be impos$ on !m by ,h>ald      
,fairhair1 & :i* !y incont95tly made x  
_! *ief & imm$iate bus9ess to evade4 ,!y
 also set up no jo9t or collective      
e/abli%m5t ) p[]s = ! ,common ,def5se1  
nor does x appe> t su* a notion _h      
occurr$ to !m4  ,9 ! hi/ory ( its       
in/allation !re is no h9t t ! m5 :o set 
up ?is ,icel&ic ,commonweal? _h any s5se
 ( ! ne$1 or ev5 ( ! feasibility1 ( su* 
a co]cive gov]nm5t z w\ld be involv$ 9  
conc]t$ prep>ation = ! common def5se4   
,subjection to p]sonal rule1 or to      
(ficial rule 9 any degree ( att5uation1 
0 n compris$ 9 _! traditional exp]i5ce (
 citiz5%ip2 & x 0 necess>ily out ( !    
elem5ts compris$ 9 ?is traditional      
exp]i5ce t ! new /ructure w\ld h to be  
built up4 ,! new commonweal? 0          
necess>ily erect$ on ! premises af=d$ by
 ! receiv$ s*eme ( use & wont2 & ?is    

receiv$ s*eme _h come d[n out (         
pre-feudal conditions1 )\t hav+ pass$ "u
 ! discipl9e ( t rgime ( co]cion :i* !  
feudal sy/em _h impos$ on ! re/ (       
,europe1 & s _h e/abli%$ z an immemorial
 usage & a second nature among !        
populations ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,! result+ "* (
 ! ,icel&ic ,commonweal? is suffici5tly 
/rik+ :5 contra/$ ) ! case ( ! ,engli%  
commonweal? ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 or !   
lat] ,fr5* & ,am]ican republics4 ,^!1   
all & sev]al1 came out ( a protract$    
exp]i5ce 9 feudali/ic /ate-mak+ & ,/ate 
policy2 & ! common def5se--frequ5tly on 
! (f5sive--) its necess>y co]cive ma*9]y
 & its submissive loyalty1 consequ5tly  
w\ld take ! c5tral place 9 ! result+    
civic /ructure4  ,to close ! tale ( !   
,icel&ic commonweal? x may be add$ t _! 
republic ( insubord9ate citiz5s pres5tly
 fell into default1 sy/ematic misuse1 "u
 ! disord]s br\ght on by an accumulation
 ( weal?1 & t x di$ ( legal fiction &   
con/itutional =malities aft] "s exp]i5ce
 at ! h&s ( able & ambiti\s /atesm5 9   

contact ) an ali5 gov]nm5t drawn on !   
co]cive plan4 ,! clay vessel fail$ to   
make good among ! iron pots1 & s prov$  
its unfitness to survive 9 ! _w (       
,*ri/ian nations1--v mu* z ! ,*9ese are 
today at ! m]cy ( ! def5sive rapacity ( 
! ,p[]s4       ,& ! m]cy t we gave !m   
,0 to s9k !m 9 ! sea1    ,d[n on ! coa/ 
( ,high ,b>b>ie4  ,no d\bt1 x w be      
accept$ z an axiomatic c]ta9ty t !      
e/abli%m5t ( a commonweal? aft] ! fa%ion
 ( ! ,icel&ic ,republic1 )\t co]cive    
au?ority or provision = ! common def5se1
 & )\t a s5se ( subord9ation or         
collective responsibility among its     
citiz5s1 w\ld be out ( all "q "u exi/+  
circum/ances ( politics & int]national  
trade4 ,nor w\ld su* a commonweal? be   
workable on ! scale & at ! pace impos$  
by mod]n indu/rial & comm]cial          
conditions1 ev5 ap>t f int]national     
jeal\sy & ambitions1 provid$ ! sacr$    
rights ( own]%ip 7 to be ma9ta9$ 9      
some?+ l _! curr5t %ape4 ,& yet some?+ (
 a drift ( popul> s5tim5t1 & inde$      

some?+ ( delib]ate endeav\r1 sett+ 9 !  
direction ( su* a h>mless & helpless    
national organisation is always visible 
9 ,we/]n ,europe1 ?r\gh\t mod]n times2  
p>ticul>ly ?r\gh ! eighte5? & ! e>ly    
half ( ! n9ete5? c5turies2 & m          
p>ticul>ly among ! ,engli%-speak+       
peoples &1 ) a diff]5ce1 among ! ,fr5*4 
,! ,dut* & ! ,sc&9avian c\ntries answ] m
 d\btfully to ! same *>act]isation4  ,! 
movem5t 9 "q is kn[n to hi/ory z !      
,lib]al1 ,rationali/ic1 ,humanit>ian1 or
 ,individuali/ic dep>ture4 ,its ideal1  
:5 =mulat$1 is spok5 ( z ! ,sy/em (     
,natural ,rights2 & its goal 9 ! way ( a
 national e/abli%m5t has be5 well       
*>act]is$ by its critics z ! ,police    
,/ate1 or ! ,night-,wat*man ,/ate4 ,!   
ga9s made 9 ?is direction1 or p]haps    
bett] ! inroads ( ?is animus 9 national 
ideals1 are pla9ly to be set d[n z a    
%ift 9 ! direction ( peace & amity2 b x 
is also pla9 t ! %ift ( gr\nd s initiat$
 by ?is /ra9 ( s5tim5t has nev] rea*$ a 
conclusion & nev] has tak5 effect 9     

any?+ l an effectual work+ arrangem5t4  
,its practical consequ5ces h be5 ( !    
nature ( abatem5t & defection 9 !       
pursuit ( national ambitions & dyna/ic  
ent]prise1 r ?an a creative "w ( in/all+
 any in/itutional furniture suitable to 
its own ends4 ,x has 9 effect gone no   
f>!r ?an :at w\ld be call$ an incipi5t  
correction ( abuses4 ,! highe/ rise1 z  
well z ! decl9e1 ( ?is movem5t lie )9 ! 
n9ete5? c5tury4  ,9 po9t ( "t1 ! decay (
 ?is amiable conceit ( laissez-faire 9  
national policy co9cides ) ! p]iod (    
great advance 9 ! te*nology ( transport 
& communication 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury4     
,p]haps1 on a l>g] outlook1 x %\ld r be 
said t ! run ( national ambitions &     
animosities _h1 9 ! eighte5? & n9ete5?  
c5turies1 suff]$ a degree ( decay ?r\gh 
! diffusion ( ?is s5tim5tal pr$ilection 
= ,natural ,lib]ty1 & t ?is decl9e ( !  
manli] aspirations 0 !n arre/$ &        
correct$ by help ( ^! improvem5ts 9 !   
te*nological situation2 :i* enabl$ a    
clos] & m co]cive control to be ex]cis$ 

ov] l>g] areas1 & at ! same "t enabl$ a 
m massive aggregate ( w>like =ce to     
/rike m effectively at a great] di/ance4
 ,?is :ole episode ( ! rise & decl9e (  
laissez-faire 9 mod]n hi/ory is p]haps  
be/ to be conceiv$ z a transi5t weak5+ (
 nationalism1 by neglect2 r ?an any?+ l 
! gr[? ( a new & m humane ideal (       
national int]c\rse4 ,su* w\ld be !      
appraisal to be _h at ! h&s ( ^? :o     
speak = a /r5u\s national life & = !    
arbitram5t ( sportsmanlike cont5tion 9  
human affairs4 ,& ! latt]day gr[? ( m   
militant aspirations1 toge!r ) ! m      
settl$ & s$ul\s att5tion to a developm5t
 ( control & ( =midable armam5ts1 su* z 
foll[$ on ?r\gh ! latt] half ( ! n9ete5?
 c5tury1 w\ld !n be rat$ z a resumption 
( ^? old] aims & ideals t _h be5 fall+  
some:at into abeyance 9 ! slack-wat]    
days ( ,lib]alism4  ,!re is mu* to be   
said = ?is latt] view2 &1 inde$1 mu* has
 be5 said = x1 p>ticul>ly by ! spokesm5 
( imp]iali/ politics4 ,?is bias (       
,natural ,lib]ty has be5 associat$ 9    

hi/ory ) ! ,engli%-speak+ peoples1 m    
intimately & m ext5sively ?an ) any o!r4
 ,n t ?is amiable conceit is 9 any      
peculi> degree a race *>act]i/ic ( ?is  
gr\p ( peoples2 nor ev5 t ! hi/ory ( its
 rise & decl9e runs :olly )9 ! l+ui/ic  
fronti]s indicat$ by ?is *>act]isation4 
,! ,fr5* & ! ,dut* h borne _! %>e1 & at 
an e>li] day ,italian s5tim5t &         
speculation l5t its impulsion to ! same 
g5ial drift ( fai? & aspiration4 ,b1 by 
hi/orical accid5t1 its c5t] ( gravity & 
( diffusion has la9 ) ! ,engli%-speak+  
communities dur+ ! p]iod :5 ?is bias    
made hi/ory & left its impress on !     
in/itutional s*eme ( ! ,we/]n           
civilisation4 ,by grace ( :at may1 = !  
pres5t purpose1 be call$ hi/orical      
accid5t1 x happ5s t ! int]val ( hi/ory  
dur+ :i* ! bias ( ,natural ,lib]ty made 
visible headway 0 also a p]iod dur+ :i* 
^! ,engli%-speak+ peoples1 among :om its
 effects are *iefly visible1 7          
relatively secure f int]national        
di/urbance1 by =ce ( inaccessibility4   

,little /ra9 0 put ^u _! s5se ( national
 solid>ity or national pr[ess2 s little1
 inde$1 t !re 0 "s dang] ( _! patriotic 
animosity fall+ into decay by disuse2 & 
!n !y 7 also busy ) o!r ?+s4 ,peaceable 
int]c\rse1 x is true1 0 relatively easy1
 active & f>-rea*+--eighte5? & n9ete5?  
c5turies--z comp>$ ) :at _h be5 ! case  
be=e t "t2 b w>like int]c\rse on su* a  
scale z w\ld con/itute a sub/antial     
m5ace to any l>ge nation 0 ne>ly out ( !
 "q1 s f> z reg>ds ! ,engli%-speak+     
peoples4 ,! available means (           
aggression1 z t\*es ! case ( ^! p>ticul>
 communities1 7 visibly & consci\sly    
inadequate z comp>$ ) ! means ( def5se4 
,! means ( int]nal or intra-national    
control or co]cion 7 also less well     
provid$ by ! /ate ( ! arts curr5t at t  
"t ?an ! means ( peaceable int]c\rse4   
,^! means ( transport & communication 71
 at t /age ( _! developm5t1 less well   
suit$ = ! purposes ( f>-rea*+ w>like    
/rategy & ! ex]cise ( surveillance &    
co]cion ov] l>ge spaces ?an = ! purposes

 ( peaceable traffic4  ,b ! cont9u$     
improvem5t 9 ! means ( communication    
dur+ ! n9ete5? c5tury pres5tly upset t  
situation1 & s pres5tly began to        
neutralise ! geographical qu>ant9e :i*  
_h h$g$ ab\t ^! communities t 7 incl9$  
to let well en\gh alone4 ,! increas+    
spe$ & accuracy ( movem5t 9 %ipp+1 due  
to ! successful introduction ( /eam1 z  
well z ! concomitant increas+ size ( !  
units ( equipm5t1 all runs to ?is effect
 & pres5tly sets at naught ! peace      
b>ri]s ( sea & wea!r4 ,s also !         
developm5t ( railways & _! increas+     
availability = /rategic uses1 toge!r ) !
 f>-rea*+ coord9ation ( movem5t made    
possible by _! means & by ! telegraph2  
all ( :i* is fur!r facilitat$ by !      
increas+ mass & d5sity ( population4    
,improvem5ts 9 ! te*nology ( arms &     
armam5t work$ to ! l effect1 ( sett+ !  
peace ( any community on an increas+ly  
prec>i\s foot+1 ?r\gh ! advantage :i*   
?is new te*nology gave to a ready       
equipm5t & a rapid mobilisation4 ,! new 

/ate ( ! indu/rial arts s]viceable =    
w>like ent]prise put an increas+ly heavy
 premium on read9ess = (f5se or def5se1 
b m p>ticul>ly x all work$ increas+ly to
 ! advantage ( ! (f5sive4 ,x put !      
,fabian /rategy out ( date1 & l$ to !   
doctr9e ( a def5sive (f5se4  ,gradually 
x came true1 ) ! cont9u$ advance 9 ^?   
indu/rial arts t l5d !mselves to        
/rategic uses1 & x came also to be      
realis$1 t no corn] ( ! e>? 0 any long] 
secure by m]e favor ( di/ance & natural 
difficulty1 f ev5tual aggression at !   
h&s ( any provid5t & adv5tur\s          
assailant1--ev5 by help ( a modicum (   
def5sive precaution4 ,! fe> ( aggression
 !n came def9itively to take ! place (  
int]national good-w & became ! *ief     
motive 9 public policy1 s fa/ & s f> z !
 /ate ( ! indu/rial arts cont9u$ to     
incl9e ! balance ( advantage to ! side (
 ! aggressor4 ,all ( :i* s]v$ greatly to
 /r5g!n ! h&s ( ^? /atesm5 :o1 by int]e/
 or temp]am5t1 7 incl9$ to imp]iali/ic  
ent]prise4 ,s9ce t p]iod all armam5t has

 conv5tionally be5 acc\nt$ def5sive1 &  
all /atesm5 h pr(ess$ t ! common def5se 
is _! *ief conc]n4 ,pr(ess$ly all       
armam5t has be5 design$ to keep ! peace2
 s mu* ( a %ad[ ( ! peaceable bias !re  
/ill /&s ov]4  ,?r\gh\t ?is late/ phase 
( mod]n civilisation ! av[$ fe> (       
aggression has s]v$ z apology1 possibly 
z provocation 9 fact1 to national       
armam5ts2 & ?r\gh\t ! same p]iod any    
analysis ( ! situation w f9ally run !   
*a9 ( fe> back to ,prussia z ! putative 
or actual1 c5t] ( di/urbance &          
appreh5sion4 ,no d\bt1 ,prussian armam5t
 has tak5 ! lead & =c$ ! pace among !   
nations ( ,*ri/5dom2 b ! ,prussian      
policy1 too1 has be5 dilig5tly cov]$ ) !
 same decor\s plea ( ne$ful provision = 
! common def5se & an unremitt+          
solicitude = int]national peace1--to :i*
 has be5 add$ ! canny aft]?\ght ( !     
def5sive (f5se4  ,x is *>act]i/ic ( ?is 
era ( arm$ peace t 9 all ^! ext5sive    
prep>ations = break+ ! peace any =mal   
av[al ( o!r ?an a def5sive purpose has  

at all times be5 avoid$ z an insuff]able
 brea* ( diplomatic decorum4 ,x is      
likewise *>act]i/ic ( ! same era t      
armam5ts h unremitt+ly be5 increas$1    
beyond any?+ previ\sly kn[n2 & t all m5 
h kn[n all ! :ile t ! inevitable outcome
 ( ?is av[$ly def5sive armam5t mu/      
ev5tually be w> on an unprec$5t$ scale &
 ( unexampl$ f]ocity4 ,x w\ld be nei!r  
*>itable nor o!rwise to ! po9t to call  
att5tion to ! reflection :i* ?is /ate ( 
! case ?r[s on ! collective sagacity or 
! good fai? ( ! /atesm5 :o h _h !       
managem5t ( affairs4 ,x is n practicable
 to imag9e h[ su* an outcome z ! pres5t 
c\ld h be5 br\ght ab\t by any degree (  
/upidity or incapacity alone1 nor is x  
easi] to f9d evid5ce t ! utmo/ sagacity 
( ! /atecraft engag$ has _h ! slighte/  
mitigat+ effect on ! evil consummation  
to :i* ! :ole case has be5 br\ght4 ,x   
has long be5 a commonplace among obs]v]s
 ( public ev5ts t ^! pr(ess$ly def5sive 
w>like prep>ations h 9 effect be5       
prep>ations = break+ ! peace2 aga9/ :i*1

 at lea/ o/5sibly1 a rem$y _h be5 s\ght 
9 ! prep>ation ( /ill heavi] armam5ts1 )
 full realisation t m armam5t w\ld      
unfail+ly entail a m unsp>+ & m disa/r\s
 w>1--:i* sums up ! /atecraft ( ! pa/   
half c5tury4  ,prussia1 & aft]w>ds      
,prussianis$ ,g]many1 has come 9 = !    
di/9ction ( tak+ ! lead & =c+ ! pace 9  
?is competitive prep>ation--or          
prep>$ness--= w> 9 "t ( peace4 ,t su*   
has be5 ! case appe>s 9 good "p to be   
some?+ ( a =tuit\s circum/ance4 ,!      
season ( ent]pris+ =ce & fraud to :i* t 
c\ntry owes its induction into ! conc]t 
( nations is an episode ( rec5t hi/ory2 
s rec5t1 inde$1 t ! ,g]man nation has n 
yet _h "t to live x d[n & let x be      
=gott52 & ! ,imp]ial ,/ate is           
consequ5tly burd5$ ) an irritably uneasy
 s5se ( odium & an e/abli%$ reputation =
 unduly bad fai?4 ,f :i* x has foll[$1  
among o!r ?+s1 t ! /atesm5 ( ! ,empire h
 liv$ 9 ! expectation ( hav+ _! un=gott5
 d]elictions br\ght home1 & s h1 on ! "o
 h&1 f\nd !mselves unable to cr$it any  

pacific int5tions pr(ess$ by ! neighbor+
 ,p[]s1 :ile on ! o!r h& !y h be5 unable
 to ga9 cr$5ce = _! own voluble         
pr(essions ( peace & amity4 ,s x has    
come ab\t t1 by a =tuit\s conjuncture ( 
sc>cely relevant circum/ances1 ,prussia 
& ! ,empire h be5 ?r[n into ! lead 9 !  
race ( prep>$ness & h be5 l$ assidu\sly 
to ha/5 a brea* :i* !y c\ld ill af=d4 ,x
 is1 to say ! lea/1 extremely d\btful if
 ! ev5t w\ld h be5 sub/antially diff]5t 
9 ! abs5ce ( t special provocation to   
competitive prep>$ness t has be5 inject$
 into ! situation by ?is ,g]man         
attitude2 b ! rate ( approa* to a w>like
 climax has d\btless be5 ha/5$ by !     
anticipatory policy ( prep>$ness :i* !  
,prussian dyna/y has se5 itself con/ra9$
 to pursue4 ,ev5tually1 ! peculi>       
circum/ances ( its case--emb>rassm5t at 
home & di/a/e & discr$it abroad--h      
induc$ ! ,imp]ial ,/ate to take ! l9e ( 
a def5sive (f5se1 to take w> by ! =elock
 & retaliate on presumptive enemies =   
prospective grievances4 ,b 9 any case1 !

 progressive improvem5t 9 transport &   
communication1 z well z 9 ! special     
te*nology ( w>f>e1 back$ by greatly     
enhanc$ facilities = indoctr9at+ !      
populace ) militant nationalism1--^!    
ways & means1 work+ "u ! h& ( patriotic 
/atesm5 mu/ 9 c\rse ( ! pa/ c5tury h    
br\ght ! peace ( ,europe to s prec>i\s a
 foot+ z w\ld h provok$ a mat]ial       
increase 9 ! equipm5t = national def5se2
 :i* w\ld unavoidably h l$ to           
competitive armam5t & an enhanc$        
int]national di/ru/ & animosity1        
ev5tually culm9at+ 9 ho/ilities4        
99       99       99       99       99  
,x may well be t ! plea ( def5sive      
prep>ation advanc$ by ! /atesm51        
,prussian & o!rs1 9 apology =           
competitive armam5ts is a diplomatic    
subt]fuge1--!re are indications t su*   
has commonly be5 ! case2 b ev5 if x     
commonly is visibly dis+5u\s1 ! ne$ (   
mak+ su* a plea to cov] m s9i/] designs 
is itself an evid5ce t an av[$ly        
pr$atory ent]prise no long] meets ) !   

requisite popul> approval4 ,ev5 if an   
exception to ?is rule be admitt$ 9 !    
rec5t attitude ( ! ,g]man p1 x is to be 
recall$ t ! exception 0 all[$ to /& only
 transi5tly1 & t pres5tly ! av[al ( a   
pr$atory design 9 ?is case 0 urg5tly    
disclaim$ 9 ! face ( adv]sity4 ,ev5 ^?  
:o speak mo/ flu5tly = ! necessity ( w>1
 & = its m]its z a ne$$ discipl9e 9 !   
manly virtues1 are con/ra9$ by !        
prevail+ s5tim5t to deprecate its       
necessity4  ,yet x is equally evid5t t  
:5 once a w>like ent]prise has be5 ent]$
 ^u s f> z to commit ! nation to        
ho/ilities1 x w h ! cordial support (   
popul> s5tim5t ev5 if x is pat5tly an   
aggressive w>4 ,inde$1 x is q a safe    
g5]alisation t :5 ho/ilities h once be5 
got fairly "u way by ! int]e/$ /atesm51 
! patriotic s5tim5t ( ! nation may      
confid5tly be c\nt$ on to back !        
ent]prise irrespective ( ! m]its ( !    
qu>rel4 ,b ev5 if ! national s5tim5t is 
9 ?is way to be c\nt$ 9 z an incid5tal  
matt] ( c\rse1 x is also to be kept 9   

m9d 9 ?is connection t any qu>rel s     
ent]$ ^u by any nation w =?) come to h !
 moral approval ( ! community4 ,diss5t]s
 w ( c\rse be f\nd1 sporadically1 :o d n
 readily fall 9 ) ! prevail+ animus2 b z
 a g5]al proposition x w /ill hold true 
t any su* qu>rel =?) becomes a j qu>rel 
9 ! eyes ( ^? :o h s be5 committ$ to x4 
,a coroll>y foll[+ f ?is g5]al !orem may
 be wor? not+ 9 ! same connection4 ,any 
politician :o succe$s 9 embroil+ 8      
c\ntry 9 a w>1 h[ev] nef>i\s1 becomes a 
popul> h]o & is reput$ a wise & righte\s
 /atesman1 at lea/ = ! "t be+4          
,illu/rative in/ances ne$ p]haps n1 &   
inde$ c n gracefully1 be nam$2 mo/      
popul> h]oes & reput$ /atesm5 belong 9  
?is class4  ,ano!r coroll>y1 :i* be>s m 
imm$iately on ! "q 9 h&1 foll[s also f !
 same g5]al proposition3 ,s9ce ! e?ical 
values involv$ 9 any giv5 int]national  
conte/ are sub/antially ( ! nature (    
aft]?\ght or accessory1 !y may safely be
 left on "o side 9 any endeav\r to      
und]/& or acc\nt = any giv5 outbreak (  

ho/ilities4 ,! moral indignation ( bo?  
p>ties to ! qu>rel is to be tak5 =      
grant$1 z be+ ! /atesman's *ief &       
necess>y ways & means ( br++ any w>like 
ent]prise to a head & float+ x to a     
cr$itable f9i%4 ,x is a precipitate ( ! 
p>tisan animosity t inspires bo? p>ties 
& holds !m to _! duty ( self-sacrifice &
 deva/ation1 & at its be/ x w *iefly    
s]ve z a cloak ( self-righte\sness to   
ext5uate any exceptionally pr(ligate    
excursions 9 ! conduct ( ho/ilities4    
,any w>like ent]prise t is hopefully to 
be ent]$ on mu/ h ! moral sanction ( !  
community1 or ( an effective majority 9 
! community4 ,x consequ5tly becomes !   
fir/ conc]n ( ! w>like /atesman to put  
?is moral =ce 9 tra9 = ! adv5ture on :i*
 he is b5t4 ,& !re are two ma9 l9es (   
motivation by :i* ! spiritual =ces ( any
 ,*ri/ian nation may s be mobilis$ =    
w>like adv5ture3 7#a7 ,! pres]vation or 
fur!rance ( ! community's mat]ial       
int]e/s1 real or fanci$1 & 7#b7         
v9dication ( ! national hon\r4 ,to ^!   

%\ld p]haps be add$ z a ?ird1 !         
advancem5t & p]petuation ( ! nation's   
,culture2 t is to say1 ( its habitual   
s*eme ( use & wont4 ,x is a nice "q     
:e!r1 9 practical effect1 ! aspiration  
to p]petuate ! national ,culture is     
consi/5tly to be di/+ui%$ f ! v9dication
 ( ! national hon\r4 ,!re is p]haps !   
di/9ction to be made t ! p]petuation ( !
 national ,culture l5ds a readi]        
c\nt5ance to gratuit\s aggression &     
af=ds a broad] cov] = incid5tal         
atrocities1 s9ce ! enemies ( ! national 
,culture w necess>ily be conceiv$ z an  
inf]ior & ob/ructive p1 fall+ b5ea? !   
rules ( commonplace decorum4  ,^?       
mat]ial int]e/s = :i* mod]n nations are 
9 ! habit ( tak+ to arms are commonly ( 
a fanciful "*1 9 t !y commonly h none b 
an imag9>y net value to ! community at  
l>ge4 ,su* are1 e4g41 ! national trade  
or ! increase ( ! national t]ritory4 ,^!
 & ! l may s]ve ! w>like or dyna/ic     
ambitions ( ! nation's ma/]s2 !y may    
also fur!r ! int]e/s ( (fice-hold]s1 & m

 p>ticul>ly ( c]ta9 bus9ess h\ses or    
bus9essm5 :o /& to ga9 "s small         
advantage by help ( ! p[]s 9 control2 b 
x all signifies no?+ m to ! common man  
?an an increas$ bill ( gov]nm5tal exp5se
 & a probable increase 9 ! co/ ( liv+4  
,t a nation's trade %\ld be c>ri$ 9     
vessels own$ by its citiz5s or regi/]$ 9
 its ports w d\btless h "s s5tim5tal    
value to ! common run ( its citiz5s1 z  
is %[n by ! fact t dis+5u\s politicians 
always f9d x wor? _! :ile to appeal to  
?is *auv9i/ic pr$ilection4 ,b x pat5tly 
is all a completely idle "q1 9 po9t (   
mat]ial advantage1 to anyone b ! own]s (
 ! vessels2 & to ^! own]s x is also ( no
 mat]ial consequ5ce "u :at flag _!      
inve/m5ts sail1 except s f> z ! gov]nm5t
 9 "q may af=d !m "s pref]5tial         
opportunity = ga91--always at ! co/ ( _!
 fell[ citiz5s4 ,! l is equally true z  
reg>ds ! domicile & ! national          
allegiance ( ! bus9essm5 :o buy & sell !
 c\ntry's imports & exports4 ,! common  
man pla9ly has no slighte/ mat]ial      

int]e/ 9 ! nationality or ! place (     
resid5ce ( ^? :o conduct ?is traffic2   
?\gh all ! facts g to say t 9 "s        
puzzle-head$ way ! common man commonly  
p]suades himself t x does make "s occult
 sort ( diff]5ce to him2 s t he is      
commonly will+ to pay some?+ sub/antial 
t[>d subsidis+ bus9essm5 ( 8 own        
nationality1 9 ! way ( a protective     
t>iff & ! l4  ,! only mat]ial advantage 
to be d]iv$ f su* a pref]5tial trade    
policy arises 9 ! case ( int]national   
ho/ilities1 9 :i* case ! home-own$      
vessels & m]*ants may on occasion c\nt  
t[>d milit>y read9ess2 al?\gh ev5 9 t   
connection _! value is cont+5t &        
d\btful4 ,b 9 ?is way !y may contribute 
9 _! degree to a read9ess to break (f   
peaceable relations ) o!r c\ntries4 ,x  
is only = w>like purposes1 t is to say =
 ! dyna/ic ambitions ( w>like /atesm51 t
 ^! pref]5tial contrivances 9 economic  
policy h any sub/antial value2 & ev5 9 t
 connection _! exp$i5cy is always       
d\btful4 ,!y are a s\rce ( national     

jeal\sy1 & !y may on occasion become a  
help to milit>y /rategy :5 ?is national 
jeal\sy ev5tuates 9 ho/ilities4  ,! run 
( ! facts t\*+ ?is matt] ( national     
trade policy is some?+ z foll[s3 ,at !  
in/ance ( bus9essm5 :o /& to ga9 by x1 &
 ) ! cordial support ( popul> s5tim5t1 !
 con/itut$ au?orities s$ul\sly fur!r !  
increase ( %ipp+ & comm]ce "u protection
 ( ! national p[]4 ,at ! same "t !y sp5d
 sub/ance & diplomatic en]gy 9 an       
endeavor to ext5d ! int]national m>ket  
facilities op5 to ! c\ntry's bus9essm51 
) a view always to a pref]5tial         
advantage 9 favor ( ^! bus9essm51 also )
 ! s5tim5tal support ( ! common man & at
 8 co/4 ,to safegu>d ^! comm]cial       
int]e/s1 z well z prop]ty-hold+s ( !    
nation's citiz5s 9 =eign p>ts1 ! nation 
ma9ta9s naval1 milit>y1 consul> &       
diplomatic e/abli%m5ts1 at ! common     
exp5se4 ,! total ga9s d]ivable f ^!     
comm]cial & inve/m5t int]e/s abroad1 "u 
favorable circum/ances1 w nev] by any   
*ance equal ! co/ ( ! gov]nm5tal        

app>atus in/all$ to fur!r & safegu>d !m4
 ,^! ga9s1 su* z !y are1 g to ! inve/ors
 & bus9essm5 engag$ 9 ^! ent]prises2    
:ile ! co/s incid5t to ! adv5ture are   
borne almo/ :olly by ! common man1 :o   
gets no ga9 f x all4 ,commonly1 z 9 !   
case ( a protective t>iff or a          
pref]5tial navigation law1 ! co/ to !   
common man is altoge!r out ( proportion 
to ! ga9 :i* accrues to ! bus9essm5 = ^:
 b5efit he c>ries ! burd54 ,! only o!r  
class1 besides ! pref]5tially favor$    
bus9essm51 :o d]ive any mat]ial b5efit f
 ?is arrangem5t is t ( ! (fice-hold]s :o
 take c>e ( ?is gov]nm5tal traffic &    
draw some?+ 9 ! way ( sal>ies &         
p]quisites2 & ^: co/ is defray$ by !    
common man1 :o rema9s an outsid] 9 all b
 ! paym5t ( ! bills4 ,! common man is   
pr\d & glad to be> ?is burd5 = ! b5efit 
( 8 weal?i] neighbors1 & he does s ) !  
s+ul> conviction t 9 "s occult mann] he 
pr(its by x4 ,all ?is is incr$ible1 b x 
is ev]yday fact4  ,9 case x %\ld happ5 t
 ^! bus9ess int]e/s ( ! nation's        

bus9essm5 int]e/$ 9 trade or inve/m5ts  
abroad are jeop>dis$ by a di/urbance (  
any k9d 9 ^! =eign p>ts 9 :i* ^! bus9ess
 int]e/s lie1 !n x imm$iately becomes ! 
urg5t conc]n ( ! national au?orities to 
use all means at h& = ma9ta9+ ! ga9ful  
traffic ( ^! bus9essm5 undim9i%$1 & !   
common man pays ! co/4 ,%\ld su* an     
unt[>d situation g to su* s9i/] l5g?s z 
to involve actual loss to ^! bus9ess    
int]e/s or o!rwise give rise to a       
tangible grievance1 x becomes an affair 
( ! national hon\r2 :]eupon no s5se (   
proportion z betwe5 ! mat]ial ga9s at   
/ake & ! co/ ( rem$y or retaliation ne$ 
long] be obs]v$1 s9ce ! national hon\r  
is beyond price4 ,! motivation 9 ! case 
%ifts f ! gr\nd ( mat]ial int]e/ to !   
spiritual gr\nd ( ! moral s5tim5ts4  ,9 
?is connection hon\r is ( c\rse to be   
tak5 9 ! euphemi/ic s5se :i* ! t]m has  
"u ! code duello gov]n+ affairs ( hon\r4
 ,x c>ries no connotation ( hone/y1     
v]acity1 equity1 lib]ality1 or          
unselfi%ness4 ,?is national hon\r is ( !

 nature ( an intangible or immat]ial    
asset1 ( c\rse2 x is a matt] ( pre/ige1 
a sportsmanlike conception2 b t fact mu/
 n be tak5 to mean t x is ( any ! less  
sub/antial effect = purposes ( a casus  
belli ?an ! mat]ial assets ( !          
community4 ,q ! contr>y3 ,:o /eals my   
purse1 /eals tra%1 etc4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 
x w commonly happ5 t any mat]ial        
grievance mu/ fir/ be conv]t$ into t]ms 
( ?is spiritual capital1 be=e x is      
effectually turn$ to acc\nt z a /imulus 
to w>like ent]prise4  ,ev5 among a p ) s
 s+le an eye to ! ma9 *ance z ! ,am]ican
 community x w be f\nd true1 on exp]im5t
 or on review ( ! hi/orical evid5ce1 t  
an (f5se aga9/ ! national hon\r comm&s a
 pr(\nd] & m unres]v$ res5tm5t ?an any  
infraction ( ! rights ( p]son or prop]ty
 simply4 ,?is has latt]ly be5 well %[n 9
 connection ) ! manoeuvres ( ! sev]al   
,european bellig]5ts1 design$ to b5d    
,am]ican neutrality to ! s]vice ( "o    
side or ! o!r4 ,bo? p>ties h aim$ to    
intimidate & cajole2 b :ile ! "o p>ty   

has tak5 rec\rse to effront]y & has made
 mu* & o/5tati\s use ( ?reats & acts (  
viol5ce aga9/ p]son & prop]ty1 ! o!r has
 con/antly obs]v$ a def]5tial attitude  
t[>d ,am]ican national self-e/eem1 ev5  
:ile engag$ on a p]si/5t infraction (   
,am]ican comm]cial rights4 ,! fir/ nam$ 
l9e ( diplomacy has convict$ itself (   
misc>riage & has lo/ ! /rategic         
advantage1 z aga9/ ! none too adroit    
f9esse ( ! o!r side4 ,! /atesm5 ( ?is   
,european w> p[] 7 s ill advis$ z to    
ent] on a c\rse ( t5tatively cumulative 
intimidation1 by ?reats & exp]im5tally  
graduat$ crimes aga9/ ! prop]ty & p]sons
 ( ,am]ican citiz5s1 ) a view to co]ce  
,am]ican cupidity & yet to avoid c>ry+  
^! manoeuvres ( t]rorism f> en\gh to    
ar\se an unmanageable s5se ( outrage4 ,!
 exp]im5t has s]v$ to %[ t ! break+ po9t
 9 popul> indignation w be rea*$ be=e ! 
t]rorism has gone f> en\gh to raise a   
s]i\s "q ( pecuni>y caution4  ,?is      
national hon\r1 :i* s is rat$ a necess>y
 ( life1 is an immat]ial sub/ance 9 a   

peculi>ly high-wr\ght degree1 be+ n only
 n physically tangible b also n ev5     
capable ( adequate /atem5t 9 pecuni>y   
t]ms1--z w\ld be ! case ) ord9>y        
immat]ial assets4 ,x is true1 :]e ! po9t
 ( grievance out ( :i* a "q ( ! national
 hon\r arises is a pecuni>y discrepancy1
 ! national hon\r c n be satisfi$ )\t a 
pecuni>y acc\nt+2 b x ne$s no argum5t to
 conv9ce all "r-m9d$ p]sons t ev5 at su*
 a juncture ! national hon\r t has be5  
compromis$ is indef9itely & indef9ably m
 ?an :at c be made to appe> on an       
acc\ntant's page4 ,x is a highly valu$  
asset1 or at lea/ a valu$ possession1 b 
x is ( a metaphysical1 n ( a physical   
nature1 & x is n kn[n to s]ve any       
mat]ial or o!rwise useful end ap>t f    
af=d+ a practicable grievance consequ5t 
^u its infraction4  ,?is national hon\r 
is subject to injury 9 div]s ways1 & s  
may yield a fruitful grievance ev5 ap>t 
f (f5ces aga9/ ! p]son or prop]ty ( !   
nation's bus9essm52 z1 e4g41 ?r\gh      
neglect or disreg>d ( ! conv5tional     

punctilios gov]n+ diplomatic int]c\rse1 
or by disrespect or contumeli\s spee*   
t\*+ ! ,flag1 or ! p]sons ( national    
(ficials1 p>ticul>ly ( su* (ficials z h 
only a decorative use1 or ! co/umes worn
 by su* (ficials1 or1 aga91 by failure  
to obs]ve ! ritual prescrib$ = p>ad+ !  
national hon\r on /at$ occasions4 ,:5   
duly violat$ ! national hon\r may duly  
be made :ole aga9 by simil>ly immat]ial 
in/rum5talities2 z1 e4g41 by recital (  
an appropriate =mula ( words1 by =mal   
consumption ( a /at$ quantity (         
ammunition 9 ! way ( a salute1 by dipp+ 
an ensign1 & ! l1--proc$ure :i* c1 (    
c\rse1 h none b a magical efficacy4 ,!  
national hon\r1 9 %ort1 moves 9 ! realm 
( magic1 & t\*es ! fronti]s ( religion4 
,?r\gh\t ?is range ( duties incumb5t on 
! national def5se1 x w be not$1 ! (f5ses
 or discrepancies to be gu>d$ aga9/ or  
correct$ by rec\rse to arms h mu* ( a   
c]emonial "*4 ,:atev] may be ! mat]ial  
accid5ts t surr\nd any giv5 concrete    
grievance t comes up = appraisal &      

r$ress1 9 br++ ! case into ! ar5a =     
trial by combat x is ! spiritual value (
 ! (f5se t is play$ up & made ! decisive
 gr\nd ( action1 p>ticul>ly 9 s f> z    
appeal is made to ! s5sibilities ( !    
common man1 :o w h to be> ! co/ ( !     
adv5ture4 ,& 9 su* a case x w commonly  
happ5 t ! common man is unable1 )\t     
advice1 to see t any giv5 ho/ile act    
embodies a sacrilegi\s infraction ( !   
national hon\r4 ,he w at any su*        
conjuncture sc>cely rise to ! pit* (    
moral indignation necess>y to float a   
w>like reprisal1 until ! exp]t keep]s ( 
! ,code come 9 to exp\nd & c]tify !     
nature ( ! transgression4 ,b :5 once !  
lesion to ! national hon\r has be5      
asc]ta9$1 apprais$ & duly exhibit$ by ^?
 p]sons ^: place 9 ! national economy x 
is to look aft] all t sort ( ?+1 !      
common man w be f\nd n[ise beh9dh& ab\t 
res5t+ ! evil usage ( :i* he s1 by =ce (
 int]pretation1 has be5 a victim4       
,,*apt] ,,ii  ,,on ,,! ,,nature ,,&     
,,uses ,,( ,,patriotism   ,patriotism   

may be def9$ z a s5se ( p>tisan         
solid>ity 9 respect ( pre/ige4 ,:at !   
exp]t psy*ologi/s1 & p]haps ! exp]ts 9  
,political ,sci5ce1 might f9d x necess>y
 to say 9 ! c\rse ( an exhau/ive        
analysis & def9ition ( ?is human faculty
 w\ld presumably be some?+ m precise & m
 ext5sive4 ,!re is no incl9ation "h to  
=e/all def9ition1 b only to id5tify &   
describe ! concept t loosely und]lies ! 
colloquial use ( ?is t]m1 s f> z seems  
necess>y to an inquiry into ! "p play$  
by ! patriotic animus 9 ! life ( mod]n  
peoples1 p>ticul>ly z x be>s on que/ions
 ( w> & peace4  ,on any attempt to dive/
 ?is concept ( all extrane\s or         
adv5titi\s elem5ts x w be f\nd t su* a  
s5se ( an undivid$ jo9t int]e/ 9 a      
collective body ( pre/ige w always rema9
 z an irr$ucible m9imum4 ,?is is !      
sub/antial core ab\t :i* _m & div]s     
subsidi>y int]e/s clu/]1 b )\t :i* ^!   
o!r clu/]+ int]e/s & aspirations w n1   
jo9tly or sev]ally1 make up a work+     
palladium ( ! patriotic _s4  ,x is true1

 se5 9 "s o!r light or rat$ 9 "s o!r    
be>+ or connection1 "o & ano!r ( ^! o!r 
int]e/s1 ideals1 aspirations1           
beatitudes1 may well be adjudg$ nobl]1  
wis]1 possibly m urg5t ?an ! national   
pre/ige2 b 9 ! =um ( patriotism all ^!  
o!r necess>ies ( human life--! glory (  
,god & ! good ( man--rise by comp>ison  
only to ! rank ( subsidi>ies1           
auxili>ies1 am5ities4 ,he is an         
indiff]5t patriot :o w let life1 lib]ty 
& ! pursuit ( happ9ess cl\d ! issue &   
get 9 ! way ( ! ma9 bus9ess 9 h&4  ,!re 
once 71 we are told1 _m h>dy & ent]pris+
 spirits b&$ toge!r along ! ,spani% ,ma9
 = su* l ends1 j z !re are 9 our day an 
ev5 great] numb] ( no less s+le-m9d$    
spirits b5t on _! own life1 lib]ty &    
pursuit ( happ9ess1 accord+ to _! light1
 9 ! money-m>kets ( ! mod]n _w2 b = all 
_! admirable qualities & spl5did        
a*ievem5ts1 _! passionate que/ ( ^!     
am5ities has n entitl$ ^! ,g5tlem5      
,adv5tur]s to claim rank z patriots4 ,! 
poet says3     ,/rike = y\r alt>s & y\r 

fires6    ,/rike = ! gre5 graves ( y\r  
sires6      ,god & y\r native l&6  ,b1  
aga91 a temp]ate scrut9y ( ! li/ (      
desid]ata s enum]at$ 9 ! poet's flight1 
w quickly br+ out ! fact t any or all ( 
!m might drop out ( ! situation )\t     
prejudice to ! pla9 call ( patriotic    
duty4 ,9 ! la/ resort1 :5 ! patriotic _s
 falls back on its nak$ self alone1 x is
 n reflection on ! m]its ( ^! good &    
beautiful ?+s 9 ,nature t gives him 8   
cue & en=ces ! ultimate sacrifice4      
,inde$ x is some?+ inf9itely m futile & 
inf9itely m urg5t1--provid$ only t ! man
 is imbu$ ) ! due modicum ( patriotic   
devotion2 z1 inde$1 m5 commonly are4 ,x 
is n fai?1 hope or *>ity t abide z !    
irr$ucible m9imum ( virtue 9 ! patriot's
 s*eme ( ?+s2 p>ticul>ly n t *>ity t has
 once be5 highly spok5 ( z be+ ! greate/
 ( ^!4 ,x may be t1 view$ 9 ! light (   
reason1 z ,doctor ,katz5b]g] w\ld say1  
patriotic devotion is ! mo/ futile ?+ 9 
! _w2 b1 = good or ill1 ! light ( reason
 has no?+ to d ) ! case1--no m ?an ,!   

fl[]s t bloom 9 ! spr+4  ,! patriotic _s
 is a _s ( emulation1 evid5tly1 at !    
same "t t x is emulation %ot ?r\gh ) a  
s5se ( solid>ity4 ,x belongs "u ! g5]al 
caption ( sportsman%ip1 r ?an (         
workman%ip4 ,n[1 any ent]prise 9        
sportsman%ip is b5t on an invidi\s      
success1 :i* mu/ involve z its major    
purpose ! defeat & humiliation ( "s     
competitor1 :atev] else may be compris$ 
9 its aim4 ,its aim is a diff]5tial ga91
 z aga9/ a rival2 & ! emulative _s t    
comes "u ! head ( patriotism commonly1  
if n inv>iably1 seeks ?is diff]5tial    
advantage by injury ( ! rival r ?an by  
an increase ( home-br$ well-be+4        
,inde$1 well-be+ is altoge!r out ( !    
p]spective1 except z und]p9n+ = an      
edifice ( national pre/ige4 ,x is1 at   
lea/1 a safe g5]alisation t ! patriotic 
s5tim5t nev] has be5 kn[n to rise to !  
consummate pit* ( en?usia/ic ab&on      
except :5 b5t on "s "w ( conc]t$        
malevol5ce4 ,patriotism is ( a cont5ti\s
 complexion1 & f9ds its full expression 

9 no o!r outlet ?an w>like ent]prise2   
its highe/ & f9al appeal is = ! dea?1   
damage1 discom=t & de/ruction ( ! p>ty (
 ! second "p4  ,x is n t ! _s (         
patriotism w tol]ate no o!r s5tim5ts    
be>+ on matt]s ( public int]e/1 b only t
 x w tol]ate none t trav]se ! call ( !  
national pre/ige4 ,l o!r m51 ! patriot  
may be mov$ by _m & div]s o!r           
consid]ations1 besides t ( ! national   
pre/ige2 & ^! o!r consid]ations may be (
 ! mo/ g5ial & reasonable k9d1 or !y may
 also be z fooli% & mis*iev\s z any     
compris$ 9 ! range ( human infirmities4 
,he may be a humanit>ian giv5 ov] to !  
k9dlie/ solicitude = ! common good1 or a
 religi\s devotee h$g$ ab\t 9 all 8     
motions by ! ev] pres5t fe> ( ,god1 or  
tak5 up ) arti/ic1 s*ol>ly or sci5tific 
pursuits2 or1 aga91 he may be a         
sp5d?rift devotee ( pr(ane dissipation1 
:e!r 9 ! slums or on ! high] levels (   
g5tility1 or he may be engag$ on a      
rapaci\s que/ ( ga91 z a bus9essman )9 !
 law or z a crim9al )\t its b5efit1 or  

he may sp5d 8 be/ endeavors 9 advanc+ ! 
int]e/s ( 8 class at ! co/ ( ! nation at
 l>ge4 ,all t is und]/ood z a matt] (   
c\rse & is beside ! po9t4 ,9 s f> z he  
is a complete patriot ^! o!r int]e/s w  
fall away f him :5 ! "o cle> call (     
patriotic duty comes to enli/ him 9 !   
cause ( ! national pre/ige4 ,!re is1    
inde$1 no?+ to h9d] a bad citiz5 be+ a  
good patriot2 nor does x foll[ t a good 
citiz5--9 o!r respects--may n be a v    
indiff]5t patriot4  ,_m & v>i\s o!r     
pref]5ces & consid]ations may co9cide ) 
! prompt+s ( ! patriotic _s1 & s may    
come 9 to coalesce ) & =tify its driv+  
=ce2 & x is usual = patriotic m5 to seek
 support = _! patriotic impulses 9 "s   
reason$ purpose ( ?is extrane\s k9d t is
 believ$ to be s]v$ by foll[+ ! call ( !
 national pre/ige1--x may be a          
presumptive increase & diffusion (      
culture at l>ge1 or ! spread &          
enhancem5t ( a presumptively e/imable   
religi\s fai?1 or a prospective         
lib]ation ( mank9d f s]vitude to        

obnoxi\s ma/]s & outworn in/itutions2   
or1 aga91 x may be ! increase ( peace & 
mat]ial well-be+ among m51 )9 ! national
 fronti]s or imp>tially ?r\gh\t !       
civilis$ _w4 ,!re are1 sub/antially1    
none ( ! desirable ?+s 9 ?is _w t are n 
s c\nt$ on by "s consid]able body (     
patriots to be accompli%$ by ! success (
 _! own p>ticul> patriotic aspirations4 
,:at !y w n come to an und]/&+ ab\t is !
 p>ticul> national asc5d5cy ) :i* !     
atta9m5t ( ^! admirable ends is conceiv$
 to be b\nd up4  ,! ideals1 ne$s & aims 
t s are br\ght into ! patriotic argum5t 
to l5d a color ( rationality to !       
patriotic aspiration 9 any giv5 case w (
 c\rse be su* ideals1 ne$s & aims z are 
curr5tly accept$ & felt to be au!ntic & 
self-legitimat+ among ! p 9 ^: eyes !   
giv5 patriotic ent]prise is to f9d      
favor4 ,s "o f9ds t1 e4g41 among !      
foll[]s ( ,islam1 dev\t & resolute1 !   
patriotic /atesman 7t is to say !       
politician :o designs to make use ( !   
popul> patriotic f]vor7 w 9 ! la/ resort

 appeal to ! claims & injunctions ( !   
fai?4 ,9 a simil> way ! ,prussian       
/atesman b5t on dyna/ic ent]prise w     
conjure 9 ! "n ( ! dyna/y & ( culture & 
effici5cy2 or1 if worse comes to wor/1  
an outbreak w be dec5tly cov]$ ) a plea 
( mortal p]il & self-def5se4 ,among     
,engli%-speak+ peoples mu* is to be ga9$
 by %[+ t ! pa? ( patriotic glory is at 
! same "t ! way ( equal-h&$ ju/ice "u ! 
rule ( free in/itutions2 at ! same "t1 9
 a fully comm]cialis$ community1 su* z !
 ,engli%-speak+ commonly are1 mat]ial   
b5efits 9 ! way ( trade w g f> to sket* 
9 a backgr\nd ( dec5cy = any ent]prise t
 looks to ! enhancem5t ( ! national     
pre/ige4  ,b any promise ( ga91 :e!r 9 !
 nation's mat]ial or immat]ial assets1 w
 n ( itself c>ry full conviction to !   
commonplace mod]n citiz52 or ev5 to su* 
mod]n citiz5s z are be/ end[$ ) a       
national _s4 ,by & l>ge1 & ov]look+ t   
appreciable cont+5t ( morally defective 
citiz5s t is to be c\nt$ on 9 any hybrid
 population1 x w hold true t no         

contemplat$ ent]prise or l9e ( policy w 
fully comm5d itself to ! popul> s5se (  
m]it & exp$i5cy until x is giv5 a moral 
turn1 s z to br+ x to squ>e ) ! dictates
 ( "r & hone/ deal+4 ,on no t]ms %ort ( 
?is w x effectually coalesce ) !        
patriotic aspiration4 ,to give ! fulle/ 
practical effect to ! patriotic f]vor t 
animates any mod]n nation1 & s turn x to
 use 9 ! mo/ effective way1 x is        
necess>y to %[ t ! dem&s ( equity are   
involv$ 9 ! case4 ,any cursory survey ( 
mod]n hi/orical ev5ts be>+ on ?is po9t1 
among ! civilis$ peoples1 w br+ out !   
fact t no conc]t$ & su/a9$ movem5t ( !  
national _s c be _h )\t enli/+ !        
community's moral convictions4 ,! common
 man mu/ be p]suad$ t "r is on 8 side4  
,?rice is he arm$ :o kn[s 8 qu>rel j4 ,!
 gr\nds ( ?is conviction may (t5 be     
tawdry en\gh1 b ! conviction is a       
necess>y factor 9 ! case4  ,! requisite 
moral sanction may be _h on v>i\s       
gr\nds1 &1 on ! :ole1 x is n an         
extremely difficult matt] to arrange4 ,9

 ! simple/ & n infrequ5t case x may turn
 on a "q ( equity 9 respect ( trade or  
inve/m5t z betwe5 ! citiz5s or subjects 
( ! sev]al rival nations2 ! ,*9ese ,op5 
,door af=ds z sordid an example z may be
 desir$4 ,or x may be only an envi\s    
dem& = a %>e 9 ! _w's mat]ial           
res\rces--,a ,place 9 ! ,sun1 z a       
picturesque phrase describes x2 or ,!   
,fre$om ( ! ,seas1 z ano!r equally vague
 & equally invidi\s dem& = int]national 
equity phrases x4 ,^! dem&s are put =w>d
 ) a color ( dem&+ some?+ 9 ! way (     
equitable opportunity = ! commonplace   
peaceable citiz52 b q pla9ly !y h none b
 a fanciful be>+ on ! =tunes ( ! common 
man 9 "t ( peace1 & !y h a mean+ to !   
nation only z a fight+ unit2 ap>t f _!  
pre/ige value1 ^! ?+s are wor? fight+ = 
only z prospective means ( fight+4 ,! l 
appeal to ! moral s5sibilities may1     
aga91 be made 9 ! way ( a call to       
self-def5se1 "u ! rule ( ,live & let    
live2 or x may also re/ on ! m t5u\s    
obligation to safegu>d ! national       

integrity ( a weak] neighbor1 "u a      
broad] int]pretation ( ! same equitable 
rule ( ,live & let live4 ,b 9 "o way or 
ano!r x is necess>y to set up !         
conviction t ! prompt+s ( patriotic     
ambition h ! sanction ( moral necessity4
  ,x is n t ! l9e ( national policy or  
patriotic ent]prise s ent]$ ^u ) !      
support ( popul> s5tim5t ne$ be "r &    
equitable z se5 9 dispassionate         
p]spective f ! outside1 b only t x %\ld 
be capable ( be+ made to seem "r &      
equitable to ! bias$ populace ^: moral  
convictions are requisite to its        
prosecution2 :i* is q ano!r matt]4 ,nor 
is x t any su* patriotic ent]prise is1 9
 fact1 ent]$ on simply or ma9ly on ^!   
moral gr\nds t s are alleg$ 9 its       
ju/ification1 b only t "s su* colorable 
gr\nd ( ju/ification or ext5uation is   
necess>y to be alleg$1 & to be cr$it$ by
 popul> belief4  ,x is n t ! common man 
is n suffici5tly patriotic1 b only t he 
is a patriot hamp]$ ) a plodd+ & uneasy 
s5se ( "r & hone/ deal+1 & t "o mu/ make

 up "o's acc\nt ) ?is moral bias 9 look+
 to any su/a9$ & conc]t$ action t draws 
on ! s5tim5t ( ! common man = its c>ry+ 
on4 ,b ! moral s5se 9 ! case may be     
some:at easily satisfi$ ) a modicum (   
equity1 9 case ! patriotic bias ( ! p is
 well pron\nc$1 or 9 case x is re5=c$ ) 
a suffici5t appeal to self-int]e/4 ,9 ^?
 cases :]e ! national f]vor rises to an 
excit$ pit*1 ev5 v att5uat$             
consid]ations ( "r & ju/ice1 su* z w\ld 
"u ord9>y conditions d\btfully be>      
scrut9y z ext5uat+ circum/ances1 may    
come to s]ve z moral au!ntication = any 
extravagant c\rse ( action to :i* !     
crav+ = national pre/ige may incite4 ,! 
high] ! pit* ( patriotic f]vor1 ! m     
t5u\s & m ?read-b>e may be ! requisite  
moral sanction4 ,by cumulative          
excitation "s v rem>kable results h     
latt]ly be5 atta9$ along ?is l9e4       
99       99       99       99       99  
,patriotism is evid5tly a _s (          
p>ticul>ism1 ( ali5cy & animosity betwe5
 contra/$ gr\ps ( p]sons2 x lives on    

invidi\s comp>ison1 & works out 9 mutual
 h9drance & jeal\sy betwe5 nations4 ,x  
commonly goes ! l5g? ( h9d]+ int]c\rse &
 ob/ruct+ traffic t w\ld pat5tly s]ve ! 
mat]ial & cultural well-be+ ( bo?       
nationalities2 & n infrequ5tly1 inde$   
normally1 x ev5tuates 9 competitive     
damage to bo?4  ,all ?is holds true 9 ! 
_w ( mod]n civilisation1 at ! same "t t 
! mod]n civilis$ s*eme ( life is1       
notori\sly1 ( a cosmopolitan "*1 bo? 9  
its cultural requirem5ts & 9 its        
economic /ructure4 ,mod]n culture is    
drawn on too l>ge a scale1 is ( too     
complex & multi=m a "*1 requires !      
coop]ation ( too _m & v>i\s l9es (      
inquiry1 exp]i5ce & insight1 to admit ( 
its be+ conf9$ )9 national fronti]s1    
except at ! co/ ( insuff]able crippl+ & 
ret>dation4 ,! sci5ce & s*ol>%ip t is ! 
peculi> pride ( civilis$ ,*ri/5dom is n 
only int]national1 b r x is homog5e\sly 
cosmopolitan2 s t 9 ?is be>+ !re are1 9 
effect1 no national fronti]s2 ) !       
exception1 ( c\rse1 t 9 a season (      

patriotic intoxication1 su* z ! curr5t  
w> has induc$1 ev5 ! s*ol>s & sci5ti/s w
 be tempor>ily ov]set by _! patriotic   
f]v\r4 ,inde$1 ) ! be/ ef=ts (          
obscurantism & national jeal\sy to !    
contr>y1 x rema9s pat5tly true t mod]n  
culture is ! culture ( ,*ri/5dom at     
l>ge1 n ! culture ( "o & ano!r nation 9 
sev]alty )9 ! conf9es ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,x is
 only z & 9 s f> z !y p>take 9 &        
contribute to ! g5]al run ( ,we/]n      
civilisation at l>ge t ! p ( any "o ( ^!
 nations ( ,*ri/5dom c claim /&+ z a    
cultur$ nation2 & ev5 any di/9ctive     
v>iation f ?is g5]al run ( civilis$     
life1 su* z may give a local col\r (    
ideals1 ta/es & conv5tions1 w1 9 po9t ( 
cultural value1 h to be rat$ z an idle  
detail1 a species ( lo/ motion1 t s]ves 
no bett] purpose ?an a transi5t         
e/rangem5t4  ,s also1 ! mod]n /ate ( !  
indu/rial arts is ( a l cosmopolitan "*1
 9 po9t ( scale1 specialisation1 & !    
necess>y use ( div]sifi$ res\rces1 (    
climate & raw mat]ials4 ,none ( !       

c\ntries ( ,europe1 e4g41 is compet5t to
 c>ry on its indu/ry by mod]n           
te*nological me?ods )\t con/antly draw+ 
on res\rces outside ( its national      
b\nd>ies4 ,isolation 9 ?is indu/rial    
respect1 exclusion f ! _w m>ket1 w\ld   
mean intol]able loss ( effici5cy1 m     
pron\nc$ ! m fully ! giv5 c\ntry has    
tak5 ov] ?is mod]n /ate ( ! indu/rial   
arts4 ,exclusion f ! g5]al body ( outly+
 res\rces w\ld s]i\sly cripple any "o or
 all ( !m1 & effectually deprive !m ( ! 
usufruct ( ?is te*nology2 & p>tial      
exclusion1 by prohibitive or protective 
t>iffs & ! l1 unavoidably results 9 a   
p>tial l[]+ ( ! effici5cy ( ea*1 & !re=e
 a r$uction ( ! curr5t well-be+ among !m
 all toge!r4  ,into ?is cultural &      
te*nological sy/em ( ! mod]n _w !       
patriotic _s fits l du/ 9 ! eyes & s& 9 
! be>+s4 ,its net contribution to !     
outcome is obscuration1 di/ru/1 &       
ret>dation at e po9t :]e x t\*es !      
=tunes ( mod]n mank9d4 ,yet x is =ev]   
pres5t 9 ! c\nsels ( ! /atesm5 & 9 !    

affections ( ! common man1 & x nev]     
ceases to comm& ! reg>d ( all m5 z !    
prime attribute ( manhood & ! f9al te/ (
 ! desirable citiz54 ,x is sc>cely an   
exagg]ation to say t no o!r consid]ation
 is all[$ 9 abatem5t ( ! claims (       
patriotic loyalty1 & t su* loyalty w be 
all[$ to cov] any multitude ( s9s4 ,:5 !
 anci5t philosoph] describ$ ,man z a    
political animal1 ?is1 9 effect1 0 :at  
he affirm$2 & today ! anci5t maxim is z 
good z new4 ,! patriotic _s is at cross 
purposes ) mod]n life1 b 9 any te/ case 
x is f\nd t ! claims ( life yield be=e  
^? ( patriotism2 & any voice t diss5ts f
 ?is ord] ( ?+s is z a voice cry+ 9 !   
wild]ness4         99       99       99 
99       99  ,to anyone :o is incl9$ to 
moralise on ! s+ul> discrepancies (     
human life ?is /ate ( ! case w be       
fruitful ( mu* pr(\nd speculation4 ,!   
patriotic animus appe>s to be an endur+ 
trait ( human nature1 an anci5t h]itage 
t has /ood ov] un%orn f "t immemorial1  
"u ! ,m5delian rule ( ! /ability (      

racial types4 ,x is ar*aic1 n am5able to
 elim9ation or endur+ suppression1 &    
app>5tly n appreciably to be mitigat$ by
 reflection1 education1 exp]i5ce or     
selective bre$+4  ,?r\gh\t ! hi/orical  
p]iod1 & presumably ?r\gh an            
incalculable p]iod ( ! unrecord$ pa/1   
patriotic manslaught] has consi/5tly be5
 we$+ out ( ea* successive g5]ation ( m5
 ! mo/ patriotic among !m2 ) ! net      
result t ! level ( patriotic ardor today
 appe>s to be no l[] ?an x ev] 04 ,at ! 
same "t1 ) ! advance ( population1 (    
culture & ( ! indu/rial arts1 patriotism
 has gr[n increas+ly diss]viceable2 & x 
is to all appe>ance z ubiquit\s & z     
p[]ful z ev]1 & is held 9 z high e/eem4 
,! cont9u$ preval5ce ( ?is ar*aic animus
 among ! mod]n peoples1 z well z ! fact 
t x is univ]sally plac$ high among !    
virtues1 mu/ be tak5 to argue t x is1 9 
its elem5ts1 an h]$it>y trait1 ( !      
nature ( an inborn impulsive prop5sity1 
r ?an a product ( habituation4 ,x is1 9 
sub/ance1 n some?+ t c be le>n$ &       

unle>n$4 ,f "o g5]ation to ano!r1 !     
allegiance may %ift f "o nationality to 
ano!r1 b ! fact ( unreflect+ allegiance 
at l>ge rema9s4 ,& x all argues also t  
no s5sible *ange has tak5 effect 9 !    
h]$it>y end[m5t ( ! race1 at lea/ 9 ?is 
respect1 dur+ ! p]iod kn[n by record or 
by secure inf]5ce1--say1 s9ce ! e>ly    
,neoli?ic 9 ,europe2 & ?is 9 spite ( !  
fact t !re has all ?is :ile be5         
opportunity = radical *anges 9 !        
,european population by cross-bre$+1    
infiltration & displacem5t ( ! sev]al   
racial /ocks t g to make up ?is         
population4 ,h5ce1 on slight reflection 
! inf]5ce has sugge/$ itself & has ga9$ 
acceptance t ?is trait ( human nature   
mu/ presumably h be5 s]viceable to !    
peoples ( ! e>li] "t1 on ^? levels (    
savag]y or ( ! l[] b>b>ism on :i* !     
ance/ral /ocks ( ! ,european population 
fir/ made good _! survival & prov$ _!   
fitness to p t qu>t] ( ! e>?4 ,su*1     
inde$1 is ! common view2 s common z to  
pass = matt]-(-c\rse1 & !re=e habitually

 to escape scrut9y4  ,/ill x ne$ n      
foll[1 z m pati5t reflection w %[4 ,all 
! ,european peoples %[ mu* ! same animus
 9 ?is respect2 :atev] _! pa/ hi/ory may
 h be51 & :atev] ! diff]5ce 9 pa/       
exp]i5ce t might be conceiv$ to h %ap$  
_! temp]am5t4 ,any diff]5ce 9 ! pit* (  
patriotic conceit & animosity1 betwe5 ! 
sev]al nationalities or ! sev]al        
localities1 is by no means wide1 ev5 9  
cases :]e ! racial composition ( !      
population is held to be v diff]5t1 z1  
e4g41 betwe5 ! peoples on ! ,baltic     
seabo>d & ^? on ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,9 po9t 
( fact1 9 ?is matt] ( patriotic animus  
!re appe>s to be a wid] div]g5ce1       
temp]am5tally1 betwe5 individuals )9 any
 "o ( ^! communities ?an betwe5 ! common
 run 9 any "o community & ! correspond+ 
common run 9 any o!r4 ,b ev5 su*        
div]g5ce ( individual temp] 9 respect ( 
patriotism z is to be met )1 fir/ & la/1
 is aft] all surpris+ly small 9 view ( !
 scope = individual v>iation :i* ?is    
,european population w\ld seem to (f]4  

99       99       99       99       99  
,^! peoples ( ,europe1 all & sev]al1 are
 hybrids comp\nd$ out ( ! same run (    
racial elem5ts1 b mix$ 9 v>y+           
proportions4 ,on any p>allel (          
latitude--tak5 9 ! climatic r ?an 9 !   
geometric s5se--! racial composition ( !
 we/-,european population w be mu* !    
same1 virtually id5tical 9 effect1      
al?\gh always ( a hybrid complexion2    
:]eas on any p>allel ( longitude--also 9
 ! climatic s5se--! racial composition w
 v>y progressively1 b always )9 ! limits
 ( ! same g5]al s*eme (                 
hybridisation1--! v>iation be+ a        
v>iation 9 ! proportion 9 :i* ! sev]al  
racial elem5ts are pres5t 9 any giv5    
case4 ,b 9 no case does a notable       
diff]5ce 9 racial composition co9cide ) 
a l+ui/ic or national fronti]4 ,b 9 po9t
 ( patriotic animus ^! ,european peoples
 are "o z good z ano!r1 :e!r ! comp>ison
 be trac$ on p>allels ( latitude or (   
longitude4 ,& ! inhabitants ( ea*       
national t]ritory1 or ( ea* detail      

locality1 appe> also to run surpris+ly  
uni=m 9 respect ( _! patriotic _s4      
,h]$ity 9 any su* community ( hybrids w1
 sup]ficially1 appe> to run some:at     
haphaz>d4 ,!re w1 ( c\rse1 be no        
traceable diff]5ce betwe5 social or     
economic classes1 9 po9t ( h]$ity1--z is
 visibly ! case 9 ,*ri/5dom4 ,b         
v>iation--( an app>5tly haphaz>d        
description--w be l>ge & ubiquit\s among
 ! individuals ( su* a populace4 ,inde$1
 x is a matt] ( c\rse & ( easy          
v]ification t individual v>iation )9 su*
 a hybrid /ock w greatly exce$ ! extreme
 diff]5ces t may subsi/ betwe5 ! sev]al 
racial types t h gone to produce !      
hybrid /ock4 ,su* is ! case ( !         
,european peoples4 ,! inhabitants v>y   
greatly among !mselves1 bo? 9 physical &
 9 m5tal traits1 z w\ld be expect$2 & ! 
v>iation betwe5 individuals 9 po9t (    
patriotic animus %\ld accord+ly also be 
expect$ to be extremely wide1--%\ld1 9  
effect1 greatly exce$ ! diff]5ce1 if    
any1 9 ?is respect betwe5 ! sev]al      

racial elem5ts engag$ 9 ! ,european     
population4 ,"s appreciable diff]5ce 9  
?is respect !re appe>s to be1 betwe5    
individuals2 b individual div]g5ce f !  
normal or av]age appe>s always to be ( a
 sporadic sort1--x does n run on class  
l9es1 :e!r ( occupation1 /atus or       
prop]ty1 nor does x run at all          
consi/5tly f p>5t to *ild4 ,:5 all is   
told ! argum5t returns to ! safe gr\nd t
 ^! v>iations 9 po9t ( patriotic animus 
are sporadic & inconsequ5tial1 & d n t\*
 ! g5]al proposition t1 "o ) ano!r1 !   
inhabitants ( ,europe & ! ,european     
,colonies are suffici5tly patriotic1 & t
 ! av]age end[m5t 9 ?is respect runs )  
consi/5t uni=mity across all diff]5ces (
 "t1 place & circum/ance4 ,x w\ld1 9    
fact1 be extremely haz>d\s to affirm t  
!re is a s5sible diff]5ce 9 ! ord9>y    
pit* ( patriotic s5tim5t z betwe5 any   
two widely div]se samples ( ^! hybrid   
populations1 9 spite ( ! fact t !       
div]sity 9 visible physical traits may  
be q pron\nc$4  ,9 %ort1 ! conclusion   

seems safe1 on ! :ole1 t 9 ?is respect !
 sev]al racial /ocks t h gone to produce
 ! exi/+ populations ( ,*ri/5dom h all  
be5 end[$ ab\t z ri*ly "o z ano!r4      
,patriotism appe>s to be a ubiquit\s    
trait1 at lea/ among ! races & peoples (
 ,*ri/5dom4 ,f :i* x %\ld foll[1 t s9ce 
!re is1 & has f ! beg9n+ be51 no        
diff]5tial advantage favor+ "o racial   
/ock or "o fa%ion ( hybrid z aga9/      
ano!r1 9 ?is matt] ( patriotic animus1  
!re %\ld also be no gr\nd ( selective   
survival or selective elim9ation on ?is 
acc\nt z betwe5 ^! sev]al races &       
peoples4 ,s t ! undi/urb$ & undim9i%$   
preval5ce ( ?is trait among ! ,european 
population1 e>ly or late1 argues no?+ z 
to its net s]viceability or             
diss]viceability "u any ( ! v>y+        
conditions ( culture & te*nology to :i* 
^! ,europeans h be5 subject$1 fir/ &    
la/2 except t x has1 9 any case1 n prov$
 s diss]viceable "u ! conditions        
prevail+ hi!rto z to result 9 !         
ext9ction ( ^! ,europeans1 "o ) ano!r4#d

  ,footnote #d3 ,= a m ext5d$ discussion
 ( ?is matt]1 cf4 ,imp]ial ,g]many & !  
,indu/rial ,revolution1 *4 i4 &         
,supplem5t>y ,notes i4 & ii4  ,!        
patriotic frame ( m9d has be5 spok5 (   
above z if x 7 an h]$it>y trait1 some?+ 
aft] ! fa%ion ( a ,m5delian unit "*4    
,d\btless ?is is n a compet5t acc\nt ( !
 matt]2 b ! pres5t argum5t sc>cely ne$s 
a clos] analysis4 ,/ill1 9 a measure to 
quiet title & avoid annoyance1 x may be 
not$ t ?is patriotic animus is ( !      
nature ( a frame ( m9d r ?an a ,m5delian
 unit "*2 t x s involves a concat5ation 
( sev]al impulsive prop5sities          
7presumably h]$it>y72 & t bo? !         
concat5ation & ! special mode &         
amplitude ( ! response are a product (  
habituation1 v l>gely ( ! nature (      
conv5tionalis$ use & wont4 ,:at is said 
above1 !re=e1 goes little f>!r ?an say+ 
t ! und]ly+ aptitudes requisite to ?is  
patriotic frame ( m9d are h]itable1 & t 
use & wont z be>+ on ?is po9t run )     
suffici5t uni=mity to br+ a passably    

uni=m result4 ,x may be add$ t 9 ?is    
concat5ation spok5 ( !re seems to be    
compris$1 ord9>ily1 t s5tim5tal atta*m5t
 to habitat & cu/om t is call$ love (   
home1 or 9 its acc5tuat$ expression1    
home-sickness2 s also an invidi\s       
self-complac5cy1 c\pl$ ) a greg>i\s b5t 
:i* gives ! invidi\s comp>ison a gr\p   
cont5t2 & fur!r1 commonly if n          
inv>iably1 a b5t ( abnegation1          
self-abasem5t1 subs]vi5ce1 or :atev] x  
may be/ be call$1 t incl9es ! be>]      
unreason+ly & unque/ion+ly to accept &  
s]ve a prescriptive ideal giv5 by cu/om 
or by cu/om>y au?ority4         99      
99       99       99       99  ,!       
conclusion w\ld !re=e provisionally run 
to ! effect t "u mod]n conditions !     
patriotic animus is :olly a             
diss]viceable trait 9 ! spiritual       
end[m5t ( ^! peoples1--9 s f> z be>s on 
! mat]ial conditions ( life             
unequivocally1 & z reg>ds ! cultural    
int]e/s m at l>ge presumptively2 :]eas  
!re is no assur$ gr\nd = a discrim9at+  

op9ion z t\*es its possible utility or  
disutility at any remote p]iod 9 ! pa/4 
,!re is1 ( c\rse1 always room = !       
cons]vative e/imate t1 z ! possession ( 
?is spiritual trait has n hi!rto result$
 9 ! ext9ction ( ! race1 s x may also 9 
! calculable future cont9ue to br+ no m 
griev\s results ?an a degree ( mis*ief1 
)\t ev5 /opp+ or greatly ret>d+ !       
increase ( population4  ,all ?is1 (     
c\rse1 is int5d$ to apply only s f> z x 
goes4 ,x mu/ n be tak5 z int5d+ to say  
any lea/ ^w 9 d]ogation ( ^? high       
qualities t inspire ! patriotic citiz54 
,9 its economic1 biological & cultural  
incid5ce patriotism appe>s to be an     
unt[>d trait ( human nature2 :i* has1 ( 
c\rse1 no?+ to say z to its moral       
excell5ce1 its ae/hetic value1 or its   
indisp5sability to a wor?y life4 ,no    
d\bt1 x is 9 all ^! respects des]v+ (   
all ! e/eem & encomiums t fall to its   
%>e4 ,inde$1 its well-kn[n moral &      
ae/hetic value1 z well z ! reprobation t
 is visit$ on any %ortcom+s 9 ?is       

respect1 signify1 = ! purposes ( !      
pres5t argum5t1 no?+ m ?an t ! patriotic
 animus meets ! unqualifi$ approval ( m5
 because !y are1 all & sev]al1 infect$ )
 x4 ,x is evid5ce ( ! ubiquit\s1        
intimate & in]adicable pres5ce ( ?is    
quality 9 human nature2 all ! m s9ce x  
cont9ues untir+ly to be held 9 ! highe/ 
e/eem 9 spite ( ! fact t a modicum (    
reflection %\ld make its                
diss]viceability pla9 to ! meane/       
und]/&+4 ,no high] praise ( moral       
excell5ce1 & no pr(\nd] te/ ( loyalty1 c
 be ask$ ?an ?is curr5t unres]v$        
comm5dation ( a virtue t makes inv>iably
 = damage & discom=t4 ,! virtu\s impulse
 mu/ be deep-seat$ & indefeasible t     
drives m5 incont95tly to d good t evil  
may come ( x4 ,?\gh ,he slay me1 yet w  
,i tru/ 9 ,him4  ,9 ! light--& x is a   
dim & wav]+ light--( ! ar*aeological    
evid5ce1 help$ out by circum/antial     
evid5ce f su* p>allel or analog\s       
in/ances z are af=d$ by exi/+           
communities on a comp>able level (      

culture1 "o may v5ture m or less        
confid5tly on a recon/ruction ( ! mann] 
( life among ! e>ly ,europeans1 ( e>ly  
neoli?ic times & lat]4#e ,& s "o may =m 
"s conception ( ! "p play$ by ?is       
patriotic animus among ^? beg9n+s1 :51  
if n ! race1 at lea/ its in/itutions 7  
"y2 & :5 ! native temp]am5t ( ^! peoples
 0 tri$ out & f\nd fit to survive ?r\gh 
! age-long & sl[-mov+ eras ( /one &     
bronze4 ,9 ?is connection1 x appe>s safe
 to assume t s9ce e>ly neoli?ic times no
 s5sible *ange has tak5 effect 9 !      
racial complexion ( ! ,european peoples2
 & !re=e no s5sible *ange 9 _! spiritual
 & m5tal make-up4 ,s t 9 respect ( !    
spiritual elem5ts t g to make up ?is    
patriotic animus ! ,europeans ( today w 
be sub/antially id5tical ) ! ,europeans 
( t e>ly "t4 ,! l is true z reg>ds ^?   
o!r traits ( temp]am5t t come 9 "q "h1 z
 be+ includ$ among ! /able *>act]i/ics t
 /ill condition ! life ( ^! peoples "u !
 alt]$ circum/ances ( ! mod]n age4      
,footnote #e3 ,cf4 ,imp]ial ,g]many & ! 

,indu/rial ,revolution1 z above4  ,!    
diff]5ce betwe5 prehi/oric ,europe & !  
pres5t /ate ( ^! peoples resolves itself
 on analysis into a diff]5ce 9 ! /ate ( 
! indu/rial arts1 toge!r ) su*          
in/itutional *anges z h come on 9 !     
c\rse ( work+ out ?is advance 9 !       
indu/rial arts4 ,! habits & ! exig5cies 
( life among ^! peoples h greatly *ang$2
 :]eas 9 temp]am5t & capacities !       
peoples t n[ live by & "u ! rule ( ?is  
alt]$ /ate ( ! indu/rial arts are ! same
 z !y 74 ,x is to be not$1 !re=e1 t !   
fact ( _! hav+ successfully come ?r\gh !
 long ages ( prehi/ory by ! use ( ?is   
m5tal & spiritual end[m5t c n be tak5 to
 argue t ^! peoples are !reby fit to    
meet ! exig5cies ( ?is lat] & gravely   
alt]$ age2 nor w x d to assume t because
 ^! peoples h !mselves work$ out ?is    
mod]n culture & its te*nology1 !re=e x  
mu/ all be suitable = _! use & conducive
 to _! biological success4 ,! s+le      
object lesson ( ! mod]n urban community1
 ) its endless requirem5ts 9 ! way (    

sanitation1 police1 compulsory          
education1 *>ities1--all ?is & _m o!r   
discrepancies 9 mod]n life %\ld enjo9   
caution on anyone :o is incl9$ (f-h& to 
hold t because mod]n m5 h creat$ ^!     
conditions1 !re=e ^! mu/ be ! mo/       
suitable conditions ( life = mod]n      
mank9d4  ,9 ! beg9n+1 t is to say 9 !   
,european beg9n+1 m5 liv$ 9 small &     
close gr\ps4 ,control 0 close )9 ! gr\p1
 & ! necessity ( subord9at+ individual  
ga9s & pref]5ces to ! common good 0     
enjo9$ on ! gr\p by ! exig5cies ( !     
case1 on pa9 ( common ext9ction4 ,!     
situation & usages ( exi/+ ,eskimo      
villages may s]ve to illu/rate & en=ce !
 argum5t on ?is head4 ,! solid>ity (    
s5tim5t necess>y to support ! requisite 
solid>ity ( action 9 ! case w\ld be a   
prime condition ( survival 9 any racial 
/ock expos$ to ! conditions :i* surr\nd$
 ^! e>ly ,europeans4 ,?is ne$ful s5se ( 
solid>ity w\ld t\* n simply or mo/      
imp]atively ! jo9t pre/ige ( ! gr\p1 b r
 ! jo9t mat]ial int]e/s2 & w\ld en=ce a 

_s ( mutual support & dep5d5ce4 ,:i*    
w\ld be r help$ ?an h9d]$ by a jeal\s   
attitude ( jo9t pre/ige2 s long z no    
div]g5t int]e/s ( memb]s )9 ! gr\p 7 9 a
 position to turn ?is /ate ( ! common   
s5tim5t to _! own p>ticul> advantage4   
,?is /ate ( ! case w h la/$ = a         
relatively long "t2 long en\gh to h te/$
 ! fitness ( ^! peoples = t mann] (     
life1--long]1 no d\bt1 ?an ! int]val t  
has elaps$ s9ce hi/ory began4 ,special  
int]e/s--e4g41 p]sonal & family         
int]e/s--w h be5 pres5t & active 9 ^!   
days ( ! beg9n+2 b s long z ! gr\p at   
l>ge 0 small en\gh to admit ( a close   
neighborly contact ?r\gh\t its ext5t &  
?r\gh\t ! workday r\t9e ( life1 at !    
same "t t x 0 too small & feeble to all[
 any appreciable dissipation ( its jo9t 
en]gies 9 su* pursuit ( selfi% ga9s z   
w\ld run c\nt] to ! p>am\nt bus9ess ( ! 
common livelihood1 s long ! s5se ( a    
common livelihood & a jo9t =tune w\ld   
cont9ue to hold any p>ticul>i/ ambitions
 effectually 9 *eck4 ,_h x fall5 out    

o!rwise1 ! /ory ( ! gr\p 9 "q w\ld h be5
 end$1 & ano!r & m suitably end[$ type (
 m5 w\ld h tak5 ! place vacat$ by its   
ext9ction4  ,) a s5sible advance 9 !    
indu/rial arts ! scale ( op]ations w\ld 
gr[ l>g]1 & ! gr\p m num]\s & ext5sive4 
,! m>g9 betwe5 production & subsi/5ce   
w\ld also wid5 & admit additional scope 
= individual ambitions & p]sonal ga9s4  
,& z ?is process ( gr[? & increas+      
productive effici5cy w5t on1 ! control  
ex]cis$ by neighborly surveillance1     
?r\gh ! s5tim5t ( ! common good z aga9/ 
! self-seek+ pursuits ( individuals &   
sub-gr\ps1 w\ld gradually slack52 until 
by progressive disuse x w\ld fall into a
 degree ( abeyance2 to be call$ into    
ex]cise & incite to conc]t$ action only 
9 ! face ( unusual exig5cies t\*+ !     
common =tunes ( ! gr\p at l>ge1 or on   
p]suasion t ! collective int]e/ ( ! gr\p
 at l>ge 0 plac$ 9 jeop>dy 9 !          
mole/ation ( "o & ano!r ( its memb]s f  
)\t4 ,! gr\p's pre/ige at lea/ w\ld be  
felt to suff] 9 ! defeat or disc\rtesy  

suff]$ by any ( its memb]s at ! h&s (   
any ali52 &1 "u compulsion ( ! anci5t   
s5se ( gr\p solid>ity1 :atev] mat]ial   
h>d%ip or mat]ial ga9 might s fall to   
individual memb]s 9 _! deal+s ) ! ali5  
w\ld pass easy scrut9y z mat]ial        
detrim5t or ga9 inur+ to ! gr\p at      
l>ge1--9 ! appreh5sion ( m5 ^: s5se (   
community int]e/ is inflam$ ) a jeal\s  
disposition to safegu>d _! jo9t pre/ige4
  ,) cont9u$ advance 9 ! indu/rial arts 
! circum/ances condition+ life w und]go 
a progressive *ange ( su* a "* t ! jo9t 
int]e/ ( ! gr\p at l>ge1 9 ! mat]ial    
respect1 w progressively be less closely
 b\nd up ) ! mat]ial =tunes ( any       
p>ticul> memb] or memb]s2 until 9 !     
c\rse ( "t & *ange !re w1 9 effect1 9   
ord9>y times be no g5]al & inclusive    
community ( mat]ial int]e/ b9d+ ! memb]s
 toge!r 9 a common =tune & work+ = a    
common livelihood4 ,z ! rights ( own]%ip
 beg9 to take effect1 s t ! own]%ip (   
prop]ty & ! pursuit ( a livelihood "u ! 
rules ( own]%ip come to gov]n m5's      

economic relations1 ^! mat]ial conc]ns w
 cease to be a matt] ( undivid$ jo9t    
int]e/1 & w fall into ! %ape ( int]e/ 9 
sev]alty4 ,s soon & s f> z ?is          
in/itution ( own]%ip or prop]ty takes   
effect1 m5's mat]ial int]e/s cease to   
run on l9es ( gr\p solid>ity4 ,solely1  
or almo/ solely1 9 ! exceptional case ( 
def5se aga9/ a pr$atory incursion f     
outside1 d ! memb]s ( ! gr\p h a common 
int]e/ ( a mat]ial k9d4 ,progressively z
 ! /ate ( ! arts advances1 ! indu/rial  
organisation advances to a l>g] scale & 
a m ext5sive specialisation1 ) increas+ 
div]g5ce among individual int]e/s &     
individual =tunes2 & int]c\rse ov] l>g] 
di/ances gr[s easi] & makes a l>g] gr\p+
 practicable2 :i* enables a l>g]1       
prompt] & m effective mobilisation (    
=ces ) :i* to def5d or ass]t any jo9t   
claims4 ,b by ! same move x also foll[s1
 or at lea/ x appe>s uni=mly to h foll[$
 9 ! ,european case1 t ! accumulation ( 
prop]ty & ! rights ( own]%ip h          
progressively come into ! fir/ place    

among ! mat]ial int]e/s ( ^! peoples2   
:ile any?+ l a community ( usufruct has 
imp]ceptibly fall5 into ! backgr\nd1 &  
has pres5tly gone virtually into        
abeyance1 except z an ev5tual rec\rse 9 
extremis = ! common def5se4 ,prop]ty    
rights h displac$ community ( usufruct2 
& invidi\s di/9ctions z betwe5 p]sons1  
sub-gr\ps1 & classes h displac$         
community ( pre/ige 9 ! workday r\t9e ( 
^! peoples2 & ! di/9ctions betwe5       
contra/$ p]sons or classes h come to    
re/1 9 an ev] increas+ degree1 directly 
or indirectly1 on invidi\s comp>isons 9 
respect ( pecuni>y /&+ r ?an on p]sonal 
affiliation ) ! gr\p at l>ge4  ,s1 ) !  
advance ( ! indu/rial arts a            
diff]5tiation ( a new "* sets 9 &       
pres5tly gr[s progressively m pron\nc$ &
 m effectual1 giv+ rise to a regr\p+ on 
l9es t run reg>dless ( ^? fronti]s t    
divide "o community f ano!r = purposes (
 patriotic emulation4 ,s f> z x comes   
*iefly & typically 9 "q "h1 ?is regr\p+ 
takes place on two di/9ct b some:at     

relat$ pr9ciples ( contra/3 t ( weal? & 
pov]ty1 & t ( ma/] & s]vant1 or au?ority
 & ob$i5ce4 ,! mat]ial int]e/s ( !      
population 9 ?is way come to be divid$  
betwe5 ! gr\p ( ^? :o own & ^? :o comm&1
 on ! "o h&1 & ( ^? :o "w & :o obey1 on 
! o!r h&4  ,nei!r ( ^! two contra/$     
categories ( p]sons h any direct mat]ial
 int]e/ 9 ! ma9t5ance ( ! patriotic     
community2 or at any rate no su* int]e/ 
z %\ld reasonably induce !m to sp5d _!  
own "t & sub/ance 9 support ( !         
political 7patriotic7 organisation )9   
:i* !y live4 ,x is only 9 s f> z "o or  
ano!r ( ^! int]e/s looks = a m ?an      
proportionate %>e 9 any prospective ga9 
f ! jo9t ent]prise1 t ! gr\p or class 9 
"q c reasonably be c\nt$ on to be> its  
%>e 9 ! jo9t v5ture4 ,& x is only :5 & 9
 s f> z _! p>ticul> mat]ial or          
self-reg>d+ int]e/ is re5=c$ by         
patriotic conceit1 t !y c be c\nt$ on to
 sp5d !mselves 9 fur!rance ( ! patriotic
 ent]prise1 )\t ! assurance ( a m ?an   
proportionate %>e 9 any ga9s t may be   

held 9 prospect f any su* jo9t          
ent]prise2 & x is only 9 its patriotic  
be>+ t ! political community cont9ues to
 be a jo9t v5ture4 ,t is to say1 9 m    
g5]alis$ t]ms1 ?r\gh ! developm5t ( !   
rights ( prop]ty1 & ( su* l prescriptive
 claims ( privilege & pr]ogative1 x has 
come ab\t t o!r community int]e/s h     
fall5 away1 until ! collective pre/ige  
rema9s z virtually ! sole community     
int]e/ :i* c hold ! s5tim5t ( ! gr\p 9 a
 bond ( solid>ity4  ,to "o or ano!r ( ^!
 sev]al int]e/$ gr\ps or classes )9 !   
community ! political organisation may  
"w a b5efit2 b only to "o or ano!r1 n to
 ea* & sev]al1 jo9tly or collectively4  
,s9ce by no *ance w ! b5efit d]iv$ f su*
 jo9t ent]prise on ! "p ( ! community at
 l>ge equal ! jo9t co/2 9 z mu* z all   
jo9t ent]prise ( ! k9d t looks to       
mat]ial advantage works by "o or ano!r  
me?od ( inhibition & takes effect1 if at
 all1 by l[]+ ! aggregate effici5cy ( ! 
sev]al c\ntries conc]n$1 ) a view to !  
diff]5tial ga9 ( "o at ! co/ ( ano!r4   

,s1 e4g41 a protective t>iff is pla9ly a
 conspiracy 9 re/ra9t ( trade1 ) a view 
to b5efit ! conspirators by h9d]+ _!    
competitors4 ,! aggregate co/ to !      
community at l>ge ( su* an ent]prise 9  
ret>dation is always m ?an ! ga9s x br+s
 to ^? :o may b5efit by x4  ,9 s speak+ 
( ! uses to :i* ! common man's patriotic
 devotion may be turn$1 !re is no       
int5tion to und]rate its intr9sic value 
z a g5ial & g5]\s trait ( human nature4 
,d\btless x is be/ & *iefly to be       
appreciat$ z a spiritual quality t      
beautifies & ennobles its be>]1 & t     
end[s him ) ! full /ature ( manhood1 q  
irrespective ( ult]ior consid]ations4 ,s
 x is to be conc$$ )\t argum5t t ?is    
patriotic animus is a highly m]itori\s  
frame ( m9d1 & t x has an ae/hetic value
 sc>cely to be ov]/at$ 9 ! f>!/ /ret* ( 
poetic lic5se4 ,b ! "q ( its            
s]viceability to ! mod]n community1 9   
any o!r ?an ?is decorative respect1 &   
p>ticul>ly its s]viceability to ! curr5t
 ne$s ( ! common man 9 su* a mod]n      

community1 is n t\*$ by su* an          
admission2 nor does ?is recognition (   
its g5]\s spiritual nature af=d any help
 t[>d answ]+ a fur!r "q z to h[ & ) :at 
effect ?is animus may be turn$ to acc\nt
 by anyone :o is 9 position to make use 
( ! =ces :i* x sets free4  ,among       
,*ri/ian nations !re /ill is1 on ! :ole1
 a decid$ pr$ilection = t anci5t &      
au!ntic l9e ( national repute t spr+s f 
w>like pr[ess4 ,?is repute = w>like     
pr[ess is :at fir/ comes to m9d among   
civilis$ peoples :5 speak+ ( national   
greatness4 ,& among ^? :o h be/ pres]v$ 
?is w>like ideal ( wor?1 ! patriotic    
ambition is likely to conv]ge on !      
pre/ige ( _! sov]eign2 s t x takes !    
concrete =m ( p]sonal loyalty to a ma/]1
 & s comb9es or coalesces ) a s]vile    
habit ( m9d4  ,b peace ha? its victories
 no less r5[n$ ?an w>1 x is said2 &     
peaceable folk ( a patriotic temp] h    
le>n$ to make ! be/ ( _! meag] case & h 
f\nd self-complac5cy 9 ^! victories ( ! 
peaceable ord]4 ,s x may broadly be     

affirm$ t all nations look ) complac5cy 
on _! own peculi> ,culture--! organis$  
complex ( habits ( ?\ght & ( conduct by 
:i* _! own r\t9e ( life is regulat$--z  
be+ 9 "s way wor?i] ?an ! correspond+   
habits ( _! neighbors4 ,! case ( !      
,g]man ,culture has latt]ly come "u a   
/rong light 9 ?is way4 ,b :ile x may be 
t no o!r nation has be5 s naive z to    
make a conc]t$ pr(ession ( fai? to !    
effect t _! own p>ticul> way ( life is  
altoge!r comm5dable & is ! only fa%ion (
 civilisation t is fit to survive2 yet x
 w sc>cely be an extravagance to ass]t t
 9 _! own secret m9d ^! o!rs1 too1 are  
ble/ ) mu* ! same consci\sness ( unique 
wor?4 ,consci\s virtue ( ?is k9d is a   
good & suffici5t gr\nd = patriotic      
inflation1 s f> z x goes4 ,x commonly   
does n g beyond a def5sive attitude1    
h[ev]4 ,n[ & aga91 z 9 ! latt]day ,g]man
 animation on ?is head1 ^! ph5om5a (    
national use & wont may come to comm&   
su* a degree ( popul> admiration z w    
incite to an aggressive or proselyt+    

campaign4  ,9 all ?is !re is no?+ ( a   
self-seek+ or covet\s k9d4 ,! common man
 :o s l5ds himself to ! aggressive      
enhancem5t ( ! national ,culture & its  
pre/ige has no?+ ( a mat]ial k9d to ga9 
f ! increase ( r5[n t s comes to 8      
sov]eign1 8 language1 8 c\ntrym5's art  
or sci5ce1 8 diet>y1 or 8 ,god4 ,!re are
 no sordid motives 9 all ?is4 ,^!       
spiritual assets ( self-complac5cy are1 
inde$1 to be rat$ z gr\nds ( high-m9d$  
patriotism )\t aft]?\ght4 ,^!           
aspirations & en?usiasms w\ld p]haps be 
rat$ z ,quixotic by m5 ^: horizon is    
b\nd$ by ! ma9 *ance2 b !y make up t    
sub/ance ( ?+s hop$ = t inflates ^?     
headlong patriotic animosities t /ir    
univ]sal admiration4  ,s also1 m5 f9d an
 invidi\s di/9ction 9 su* matt]s (      
physical magnitude z _! c\ntry's area1 !
 numb] ( its population1 ! size ( its   
cities1 ! ext5t ( its natural res\rces1 
its aggregate weal? & its weal? p]      
capita1 its m]*ant m>9e & its =eign     
trade4 ,z a gr\nd ( invidi\s complac5cy 

^! ph5om5a ( physical magnitude &       
pecuni>y traffic are no bett] & no worse
 ?an su* immat]ial assets z ! maje/y ( !
 sov]eign or ! p]fections ( ! language4 
,!y are matt]s 9 :i* ! common man is    
conc]n$ only by ! accid5t ( domicile1 & 
8 only connection ) ^! ?+s is an imag9>y
 jo9t int]e/ 9 _! impressiv5ess4 ,to ^! 
?+s he has contribut$ sub/antially no?+1
 & f !m he d]ives no o!r m]it or        
advantage ?an a patriotic inflation4 ,he
 takes pride 9 ^! ?+s 9 an invidi\s way1
 & !re is no good reason :y he %\ld n2 j
 z !re is also no good reason :y he     
%\ld1 ap>t f ! fact t ! common man is s 
con/itut$ t he1 my/]i\sly1 takes pride 9
 ^! ?+s t conc]n him n4         99      
99       99       99       99  ,( !     
sev]al gr\ps or classes ( p]sons )9 !   
political fronti]s1 ^: p>ticul> int]e/s 
run sy/ematically at cross purposes ) ^?
 ( ! community at l>ge "u mod]n         
conditions1 ! class ( ma/]s1 rul]s1     
au?orities1--or :atev] t]m may seem mo/ 
suitable to designate t category (      

p]sons ^: *>act]i/ic occupation is to   
give ord]s & comm& def]5ce1--( ! sev]al 
ord]s & conditions ( m5 ^! are1 9 po9t (
 sub/antial motive & int]e/1 mo/ pat5tly
 at v>iance ) all ! re/1 or ) ! =tunes (
 ! common man4 ,! class w include civil 
& milit>y au?orities & :atev] nobility  
!re is ( a prescriptive & privileg$ k9d4
 ,! sub/antial int]e/ ( ^! classes 9 !  
common welf>e is ( ! same k9d z ! int]e/
 :i* a p>asite has 9 ! well-be+ ( 8 ho/2
 a suffici5tly sub/antial int]e/1 no    
d\bt1 b !re is 9 ?is relation no?+ l a  
community ( int]e/4 ,any ga9 on ! "p ( !
 community at l>ge w mat]ially s]ve !   
ne$s ( ?is gr\p ( p]sonages1 only 9 s f>
 z x may af=d !m a l>g] volume or a wid]
 scope = :at has 9 latt]day colloquial  
phrase be5 call$ graft4 ,^! p]sonages   
are1 ( c\rse1 n to be spok5 ( )         
disrespect or ) ! slighte/ inflection ( 
disc\rtesy4 ,!y are all honorable m54   
,inde$ !y af=d ! conv5tional patt]n (   
human dignity & m]itori\s a*ievem5t1 & !
 ,f\nta9 ( ,honor is f\nd among !m4 ,!  

po9t ( ! argum5t is only t _! mat]ial or
 o!r self-reg>d+ int]e/s are ( su* a    
nature z to be fur!r$ by ! mat]ial weal?
 ( ! community1 & m p>ticul>ly by !     
increas+ volume ( ! body politic2 b only
 ) ! proviso t ?is mat]ial weal? & ?is  
increm5t ( p[] mu/ accrue )\t any?+ l a 
correspond+ co/ to ?is class4 ,at ! same
 "t1 s9ce ?is class ( ! sup]iors is 9 "s
 degree a specialis$ organ ( pre/ige1 s 
t _! value1 & !re=e _! t5ure1 bo? 9 !   
eyes ( ! community & 9 _! own eyes1 is 9
 ! ma9 a pre/ige value & a t5ure by     
pre/ige2 & s9ce ! pre/ige t inve/s _!   
p]sons is a %ad[ ca/ by ! putative wor? 
( ! community at l>ge1 x foll[s t _!    
p>ticul> int]e/ 9 ! jo9t pre/ige is     
peculi>ly al]t & insi/5t4 ,b x foll[s   
also t ^! p]sonages _c ( _! own sub/ance
 or ( _! own motion contribute to ?is   
collective pre/ige 9 ! same proportion 9
 :i* x is necess>y = !m to draw on x 9  
support ( _! own pre/ige value4 ,x w\ld1
 9 o!r words1 be a pat5t absurdity to   
call on any ( ! curr5t rul+ classes1    

dyna/ies1 nobility1 milit>y & diplomatic
 corps1 9 any ( ! nations ( ,europe1    
e4g41 to pres]ve _! curr5t dignity &    
comm& ! def]5ce t is curr5tly accord$   
!m1 by rec\rse to _! own p[]s &         
exp5diture ( _! own sub/ance1 )\t !     
usufruct ( ! commonalty ^: organ (      
dignity !y are4 ,! curr5t pre/ige value 
:i* !y enjoy is beyond _! unaid$ p[]s to
 create or ma9ta91 )\t ! usufruct ( !   
community4 ,su* an ent]prise does n lie 
)9 ! premises ( ! case4  ,9 ?is be>+1   
!re=e1 ! fir/ conc]n ) :i* ^! p]sonages 
are necess>ily occupi$ is ! procurem5t &
 ret5tion ( a suitable usufruct 9 !     
mat]ial res\rces & good-w ( a           
suffici5tly l>ge & indu/ri\s population4
 ,! requisite good-w 9 ^! premises is   
call$ loyalty1 & its ret5tion by ! l9e (
 p]sonages t s trade on pre/ige re/s on 
a sup]9duc$ association ( ideas1 :]eby !
 national hon\r comes to be conf\nd$ 9  
popul> appreh5sion ) ! pre/ige ( ^!     
p]sonages :o h ! keep+ ( x4 ,b !        
pot5tates & ! e/abli%m5ts1 civil &      

milit>y1 on :om ?is pre/ige value re/s w
 unavoidably come into invidi\s         
comp>ison ) o!rs ( _! k9d2 &1 z         
inv>iably happ5s 9 matt]s ( invidi\s    
comp>ison1 ! emulative ne$s ( all !     
competitors = pre/ige are indef9itely   
ext5sible1 z ! phrase ( ! economi/s has 
x4 ,ea* & sev]al ( !m incont95tly ne$s a
 fur!r increm5t ( pre/ige1 & !re=e also 
a fur!r increm5t ( ! mat]ial assets 9 m5
 & res\rces t are ne$ful z ways & means 
to ass]t & augm5t ! national honor4  ,x 
is true1 ! notion t _! pre/ige value is 
9 any degree condition$ by ! mat]ial    
circum/ances & ! popul> imag9ation ( !  
und]ly+ nation is di/a/eful to _m ( ^!  
vic>s ( ! national hon\r4 ,!y w incl9e r
 to ! p]suasion t ?is pre/ige value is a
 di/9ctive attribute1 ( a unique ord]1  
intr9sic to _! own p]sons4 ,b1 pla9ly1  
any su* deta*$ l9e ( magnates1 notables1
 k+s & m&>9s1 re/+ _! notability on no?+
 m sub/antial ?an a slightly sub-normal 
intellig5ce & a mod]ately scr(ul\s habit
 ( body c\ld n long cont9ue to comm& t  

eag] def]5ce t is acc\nt$ _! due4 ,su* a
 picture ( maje/y w\ld be sadly out (   
draw+4 ,!re is little conviction & no   
great dignity to be drawn f ! unaid$    
pron\ncem5t3     ,we're "h because1     
,we're "h because1    ,we're "h because 
,we're "h1  ev5 :5 ! dogg]el is duly    
giv5 ! rhetorical b5efit ( a ,t5ure by !
 ,grace ( ,god4 ,! p]sonages t c>ry ?is 
dignity require ! back+ ( a det]m9$ &   
patriotic populace 9 support ( _!       
pre/ige value1 & !y commonly h no great 
difficulty 9 procur+ x4 ,& _! pre/ige   
value is1 9 effect1 proportion$ to !    
volume ( mat]ial res\rces & patriotic   
cr$ulity t c be drawn on = its ass]tion4
 ,x is true1 _! draught on ! requisite  
s5tim5tal & pecuni>y support is =tifi$ )
 l>ge claims ( s]viceability to ! common
 good1 & ^! claims are some:at easily1  
inde$ eag]ly1 conc$$ & act$ ^u2 al?\gh !
 alleg$ b5efit to ! common good w       
sc>cely be visible except 9 ! light (   
glory %$ by ! blaz+ tor* ( patriotism4  
,9 s f> z x is ( a mat]ial nature !     

b5efit :i* ! con/itut$ au?orities s     
engage to contribute to ! common good1  
or 9 o!r words to conf] on ! common man1
 falls "u two heads3 def5se aga9/       
aggression f )\t2 & promotion ( !       
community's mat]ial ga94 ,x is to be    
presum$ t ! con/itut$ au?orities        
commonly believe m or less implicitly 9 
_! own pr(essions 9 s pr(ess+ to s]ve ! 
ne$s ( ! common man 9 ^! respects4 ,!   
common def5se is a suffici5tly grave    
matt]1 & d\btless x claims ! be/        
affections & endeav\r ( ! citiz52 b x is
 n a matt] t %\ld claim mu* att5tion at 
?is po9t 9 ! argum5t1 z be>+ on ! s]vice
 r5d]$ ! common man by ! con/itut$      
au?orities1 tak5 "o ) ano!r4 ,any giv5  
gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5t at home is useful 
9 ?is respect only z aga9/ ano!r        
gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5t else:]e4 ,s t on !
 slighte/ exam9ation x resolves itself  
into a matt] ( competitive patriotic    
ent]prise1 z betwe5 ! patriotic         
aspirations ( diff]5t nationalities l$  
by diff]5t gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5ts2 & !  

s]vice s r5d]$ by ! con/itut$ au?orities
 9 ! aggregate takes on ! "* ( a rem$y =
 evils ( _! own creation4 ,x is         
inv>iably a def5se aga9/ ! conc]t$      
aggressions ( o!r patriots4 ,tak5 9 !   
l>ge1 ! common def5se ( any giv5 nation 
becomes a detail ( ! competitive /ruggle
 betwe5 rival nationalities animat$ ) a 
common _s ( patriotic ent]prise & l$ by 
au?orities con/itut$ = ?is competitive  
purpose4  ,except on a broad basis (    
patriotic devotion1 & except "u !       
direction ( an ambiti\s gov]nm5tal      
e/abli%m5t1 no s]i\s int]national       
aggression is to be _h4 ,! common       
def5se1 !re=e1 is to be tak5 z a rem$y =
 evils aris+ out ( ! work+ ( ! patriotic
 _s t animates mank9d1 z br\ght to be>  
"u a discretion>y au?ority2 & 9 any     
balance to be /ruck betwe5 ! utility &  
disutility ( ?is patriotic _s & ( its   
s]vice 9 ! h&s ( ! con/itut$ au?orities1
 x w h to be cancell$ out z be+ at ! be/
 a mitigation ( "s ( ! disord]s br\ght  
on by ! pres5ce ( national gov]nm5ts    

re/+ on patriotic loyalty at l>ge4  ,b  
?is common def5se is by no means a      
vacant rubric 9 any attempt$ acc\nt (   
mod]n national ent]prise4 ,x is !       
commonplace & conclusive plea ( !       
dyna/ic /atesm5 & ! aspir+ w>lords1 & x 
is ! usual bl9d beh9d :i* ev5ts are put 
9 tra9 = ev5tual ho/ilities4 ,prep>ation
 = ! common def5se also appe>s unfail+ly
 to ev5tuate 9 ho/ilities4 ,) m or less 
bona fides ! /atesm5 & w>riors plead !  
cause ( ! common def5se1 & ) patriotic  
alacrity ! common man l5ds himself to ! 
ent]prise aim$ at "u t cov]4 ,9         
proportion z ! result+ equipm5t = def5se
 gr[s great & becomes =midable1 ! range 
( items :i* a patriotically bias$ nation
 are ready to include among ! claims to 
be def5d$ gr[s incont95tly l>g]1 until  
by ! ov]lapp+ ( def5sive claims betwe5  
rival nationalities ! di/9ction betwe5  
def5se & aggression disappe>s1 except 9 
! bias$ fancy ( ! rival patriots4  ,(   
c\rse1 no reflections are call$ = "h on 
! curr5t ,am]ican campaign (            

,prep>$ness4 ,except = ! degree ( hy/]ia
 x appe>s to diff] 9 no sub/antial      
respect f ! analog\s c\rse (            
auto-intoxication among ! nationalities 
( ,europe1 :i* came to a head 9 ! curr5t
 ,european situation4 ,x %\ld           
conclusively s]ve ! turn = any          
self-possess$ obs]v] to call to m9d t   
all ! civilis$ nations ( w>r+ ,europe   
are1 ea* & sev]al1 conv9c$ t !y are     
fight+ a def5sive w>4  ,! aspiration (  
all "r-m9d$ citiz5s is presum$ to be    
,peace ) ,hon\r4 ,s t fir/1 z well z    
la/1 among ^? national int]e/s t are to 
be def5d$1 & 9 ! s]vice ( :i* ! sub/ance
 & affections ( ! common man are enli/$ 
"u ! aegis ( ! national pr[ess1 comes ! 
national pre/ige1 z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,& 
! con/itut$ au?orities are d\btless     
s9c]e & s+le-m9d$ 9 _! endeavors to     
advance & def5d ! national hon\r1       
p>ticul>ly ^? con/itut$ au?orities t    
hold _! place ( au?ority on gr\nds (    
fealty2 s9ce ! national pre/ige 9 su* a 
case coalesces ) ! pre/ige ( ! nation's 

rul] 9 mu* ! same degree 9 :i* !        
national sov]eignty devolves ^u ! p]son 
( its rul]4 ,9 s def5d+ or advanc+ !    
national pre/ige1 su* a dyna/ic or      
autocratic ov]lord1 toge!r ) ! o!r      
privileg$ elem5ts assi/+ & dep5d5t on   
him1 is occupi$ ) 8 own int]e/2 8 own   
t5ure is a t5ure by pre/ige1 & !        
security ( 8 t5ure lies 9 ! cont9u$     
ma9t5ance ( t popul> fancy t inve/s 8   
p]son ) ?is national pre/ige & s        
con/itutes him & 8 ret9ue ( notables &  
p]sonages its keep]4  ,b x is uni=mly   
insi/$ by ! /atesm5--pot5tates1         
notables1 k+s & m&>9s--t ?is aegis ( !  
national pr[ess 9 _! h&s cov]s also _m  
int]e/s ( a m sub/antial & m tangible   
k9d4 ,^! o!r1 m tangible int]e/s ( !    
community h also a value ( a direct &   
p]sonal sort to ! dyna/y & its hi]>*y ( 
privileg$ subalt]ns1 9 t x is only by   
use ( ! mat]ial =ces ( ! nation t !     
dyna/ic pre/ige c be advanc$ & ma9ta9$4 
,! int]e/ ( su* con/itut$ au?orities 9 !
 mat]ial welf>e ( ! nation is           

consequ5tly grave & insi/5t2 b x is     
evid5tly an int]e/ ( a special k9d & is 
subject to /rict & peculi> limitations4 
,! common good1 9 ! mat]ial respect1    
int]e/s ! dyna/ic /atesman only z a     
means to dyna/ic ends2 t is to say1 only
 9 s f> z x c be turn$ to acc\nt 9 !    
a*ievem5t ( dyna/ic aims4 ,^! aims are  
,! ,k+dom1 ! ,p[] & ! ,glory1 z ! sacr$ 
=mula phrases ! same conception 9 ano!r 
be>+4  ,t is to say1 ! mat]ial welf>e ( 
! nation is a means to ! unfold+ ( !    
dyna/ic p[]2 provid$ always t ?is       
mat]ial welf>e is n all[$ to run into   
su* ramifications z w make ! commonweal?
 an unwieldy in/rum5t 9 ! h&s ( !       
dyna/ic /atesm54 ,national welf>e is to 
! purpose only 9 s f> z x conduces to   
political success1 :i* is always a "q ( 
w>like success 9 ! la/ resort4 ,!       
limitation :i* ?is consid]ation imposes 
on ! gov]nm5t's economic policy are su* 
z w make ! nation a self-suffici5t or   
self-balanc$ economic commonweal?4 ,x   
mu/ be a self-balanc$ commonweal? at    

lea/ 9 su* measure z w make x           
self-su/a9+ 9 case ( ne$1 9 all ^?      
matt]s t be> directly on w>like         
effici5cy4  ,( c\rse1 no community c    
become fully self-su/a9+ "u mod]n       
conditions1 by use ( ! mod]n /ate ( !   
indu/rial arts1 except by rec\rse to su*
 dra/ic measures ( repression z w\ld    
r$uce its total effici5cy 9 an altoge!r 
intol]able degree4 ,?is w hold true ev5 
( ^? nations :o1 l ,russia or ! ,unit$  
,/ates1 are possess$ ( extremely        
ext5sive t]ritories & extremely l>ge &  
v>i$ res\rces2 b x applies ) greatly    
acc5tuat$ =ce to small] & m scantily    
furni%$ t]ritorial units4 ,peoples liv+ 
"u mod]n conditions & by use ( ! mod]n  
/ate ( ! indu/rial arts necess>ily draw 
on all qu>t]s ( ! habitable globe =     
mat]ials & products :i* !y c procure to 
! be/ advantage f outside _! own special
 field s long z !y are all[$ access to  
^! outly+ s\rces ( supply2 & any        
arbitr>y limitation on ?is fre$om (     
traffic makes ! conditions ( life t mu* 

h>d]1 & l[]s ! aggregate effici5cy ( !  
community by t mu*4 ,national           
self-suffici5cy is to be a*iev$ only by 
a degree ( economic isolation2 & su* a  
policy ( economic isolation involves a  
degree ( impov]i%m5t & l[]$ effici5cy1 b
 x w also leave ! nation readi] = w>like
 ent]prise on su* a scale z its r$uc$   
effici5cy w compass4  ,s t ! be/ t c be 
accompli%$ along ?is l9e by ! dyna/ic   
/atesm5 is a %rewd compromise1 embody+  
su* a degree ( isolation & inhibition z 
w leave ! c\ntry passably self-suffici5t
 9 case ( ne$1 )\t l[]+ ! national      
effici5cy to su* a po9t z to cripple its
 productive =ces beyond :at w be (fset  
by ! great] w>like read9ess t is s      
atta9$4 ,! po9t to :i* su* a policy (   
isolation & suffici5cy w necess>ily be  
direct$ is t measure ( inhibition t w   
yield ! mo/ facile & effective ways &   
means ( w>like ent]prise1 ! l>ge/       
product ( w>like effectiv5ess to be _h  
on multiply+ ! nation's net effici5cy   
into its read9ess to take ! field4      

,into any consid]ation ( ?is tactical   
problem a c]ta9 subsidi>y factor ent]s1 
9 t ! patriotic temp] ( ! nation is     
always m or less affect$ by su* an      
economic policy4 ,! great] ! degree (   
effectual isolation & discrim9ation     
embodi$ 9 ! national policy1 ! great] w 
commonly be its effect on popul> s5tim5t
 9 ! way ( national animosity &         
spiritual self-suffici5cy2 :i* may be an
 asset ( great value = ! purposes (     
w>like ent]prise4  ,pla9ly1 any dyna/ic 
/atesman :o %\ld und]take to fur!r !    
common welf>e reg>dless ( its           
s]viceability = w>like ent]prise w\ld be
 defeat+ 8 own purpose4 ,he w\ld1 9     
effect1 g ne> to liv+ up to 8 habitual  
pr(essions t\*+ int]national peace1     
in/ead ( pr(ess+ to live up to !m1 z !  
exig5cies ( 8 national ent]prise n[     
conv5tionally require him to d4 ,9      
effect1 he w\ld be functus (ficio4  ,!re
 are two great adm9i/rative in/rum5ts   
available = ?is "w ( repression &       
national self-suffici5cy at ! h&s ( !   

imp]iali/ic /atesman3 ! protective      
t>iff1 & comm]cial subv5tion4 ,! two are
 n consi/5tly to be di/+ui%$ f "o ano!r 
at all po9ts1 & ea* runs out into a     
multif>i\s convolution ( v>iegat$       
details2 b ! pr9ciples involv$ are1 aft]
 all1 fairly neat & consi/5t4 ,! =m] is 
( ! nature ( a conspiracy 9 re/ra9t (   
trade by repression2 ! latt]1 a         
conspiracy to ! l effect by subsidis$   
monopoly2 bo? alike act to *eck !       
pursuit ( indu/ry 9 giv5 l9es by        
artificially increas+ ! co/ ( production
 = giv5 individuals or classes (        
produc]s1 & bo? alike impose a m ?an    
proportionate co/ on ! community )9 :i* 
!y take effect4 ,incid5tally1 bo? ( ^!  
me?ods ( inhibition br+ a degree1 ?\gh a
 less degree1 ( h>d%ip1 to ! re/ ( !    
indu/rial _w4  ,all ?is is matt] ( c\rse
 to all economic /ud5ts1 & x %\ld1      
reasonably1 be pla9 to all intellig5t   
p]sons2 b its voluble d5ial by int]e/$  
p>ties1 z well z ! easy cr$ulity ) :i*  
patriotic citiz5s all[ !mselves to      

accept ! sophi/ries (f]$ 9 def5se ( ^!  
measures ( inhibition1 has made x seem  
wor? :ile "h to recall ^! commonplaces (
 economic sci5ce4  ,! gr\nd ( ?is easy  
cr$ulity is n s mu* infirmity (         
intellect z x is an exub]ance ( s5tim5t1
 al?\gh x may reasonably be believ$ t   
its m pron\nc$ manife/ations--z1 e4g41 !
 high protective t>iff--c be _h only by 
=ce ( a =midable coop]ation ( ! two4 ,! 
patriotic animus is an invidi\s s5tim5t 
( jo9t pre/ige2 & x ne$s no argum5t or  
docum5tation to be> out ! affirmation t 
its bias w l5d a color ( m]it & exp$i5cy
 to any propos$ measure t c1 h[ev]      
speci\sly1 promise an increase (        
national p[] or pre/ige4 ,s t :5 !      
/atesm5 propose a policy ( inhibition & 
mitigat$ isolation on ! pr(ess$ gr\nd t 
su* a policy w /r5g!n ! nation          
economically by mak+ x economically     
self-support+1 z well z ready = any     
w>like adv5ture1 ! patriotic citiz5     
views ! propos$ measures ?r\gh ! rosy   
haze ( national aspirations & lets ! w  

to believe p]suade him t :atev] conduces
 to a =midable national battle-front w  
also contribute to ! common good4 ,at ! 
same "t all ^! national conspiracies 9  
re/ra9t ( trade are claim$1 ) m or less 
reason1 to inflict m or less h>m on     
rival nationalities ) :om economic      
relations are curtail$2 & patriotism be+
 an invidi\s s5tim5t1 ! patriotic citiz5
 f9ds com=t 9 ! promise ( mis*ief to ^! 
o!rs1 & is all ! m prone to f9d all k9ds
 ( m]it 9 proposals t look to su* an    
invidi\s outcome4 ,9 any community imbu$
 ) an al]t patriotic _s1 ! fact t any   
giv5 circum/ance1 occurr5ce or          
transaction c be turn$ to acc\nt z a    
means ( invidi\s di/9ction or invidi\s  
discrim9ation aga9/ humanity beyond !   
national pale1 w always g f> to procure 
acceptance ( x z be+ also an article (  
sub/antial pr(it to ! community at l>ge1
 ev5 ?\gh ! slighte/ unbias$ scrut9y    
w\ld f9d x ( no asc]ta9able use 9 any   
o!r be>+ ?an t ( invidi\s mis*ief4 ,&   
:atev] w be> int]pretation z an increm5t

 ( ! nation's p[] or pr[ess1 9 comp>ison
 ) rival nationalities1 w always be     
securely c\nt$ z an item ( jo9t cr$it1 &
 w be made to s]ve ! collective conceit 
z an invidi\s di/9ction2 & patriotic    
cr$ulity w f9d x m]itori\s also 9 o!r   
respects4  ,s1 e4g41 x is pa/ conception
 t su* a pat5t imbecility z a protective
 t>iff %\ld enli/ ! support ( any       
ord9>ily intellig5t community except by 
! help ( "s su* *auv9i/ic sophi/ry4 ,s  
also1 ! v>i\s royal e/abli%m5ts (       
,europe1 e4g41 af=d an extreme b !re=e  
all ! m conv9c+ illu/ration ( ! same    
logical fallacy4 ,^! e/abli%m5ts &      
p]sonages are great & au!ntic           
repositories ( national pre/ige1 & !y   
are !re=e unreflect+ly presum$ by _!    
sev]al aggregations ( subjects to be (  
"s sub/antial use also 9 "s o!r be>+2 b 
x w\ld be a highly div]t+ exhibition (  
cr$ulity = any outsid] to fall into t   
amaz+ misconception4 ,b ! l is manife/ly
 true ( comm]cial turnov] & export trade
 among mod]n peoples2 al?\gh on ?is head

 ! infatuation is s +ra9$ & dogmatic t  
ev5 a rank outsid] is expect$ to accept 
! fallacy )\t reflection1 on pa9 ( be+  
rat$ z unsafe or uns\nd4 ,su* matt]s    
aga91 z ! dim5sions ( ! national        
t]ritory1 or ! numb] ( ! population & ! 
magnitude ( ! national res\rces1 are    
/ill & h p]haps always be5 mat]ial =    
patriotic exultation1 & are fatu\sly    
believ$ to h "s great significance = !  
mat]ial =tunes ( ! common man2 al?\gh x 
%\ld be pla9 on slight reflection t "u  
mod]n conditions ( own]%ip1 ^! ?+s1 "o &
 all1 are ( no consequ5ce to ! common   
man except z articles ( pre/ige to      
/imulate 8 civic pride4 ,! only         
conjuncture "u :i* ^! & ! l national    
hold+s c come to h a mean+ z jo9t or    
collective assets w\ld arise 9 case ( a 
w>like adv5ture c>ri$ to su* extremities
 z w\ld summ>ily cancel ve/$ rights (   
own]%ip & turn !m to w>like uses4 ,:ile 
! rights ( own]%ip hold1 ! common man1  
:o does n own ^! ?+s1 draws no pr(it f  
_! inclusion 9 ! national doma92 inde$1 

he is at "s co/ to gu>antee _! safe     
t5ure by _! rightful own]s4  ,9 s pursu+
 _! que/ ( ! ,k+dom1 ! ,p[] & ! ,glory1 
by use ( ! national res\rces & by       
sanction ( ! national _s1 ! con/itut$   
au?orities also assume ! gu>dian%ip (   
sundry mat]ial int]e/s t are presum$ to 
t\* ! common good2 su* z security (     
p]son & prop]ty 9 deal+s ) ali5s1 :e!r  
at home or abroad2 security ( inve/m5t &
 trade1 & v9dication ( _! citiz5s be=e !
 law 9 =eign p>ts2 &1 *iefly &          
ubiquit\sly1 fur!rance & ext5sion ( !   
national trade into =eign p>ts1         
p>ticul>ly ( ! export trade1 on t]ms    
advantage\s to ! trad]s ( ! nation4  ,! 
la/ nam$ ( ^! advantages is ! "o on :i* 
/ress is apt to fall 9 ! argum5t ( all  
^? :o advocate an unfold+ ( national    
p[]1 z be+ a matt] ( vital mat]ial      
b5efit to ! common man4 ,! o!r items    
indicat$ above1 x is pla9 on ! lea/     
reflection1 are matt]s ( slight if any  
mat]ial consequ5ce to him4 ,! common    
man--t is n9ety-n9e & a fraction 9 "o   

hundr$ ( ! nation's common m5--has no   
deal+s ) ali5s 9 =eign p>ts1 z          
capitali/1 trad]1 mission>y or wayf>+   
man1 & has no occasion = security (     
p]son or prop]ty "u circum/ances t raise
 any remote/ "q ( ! national pr[ess or !
 national pre/ige2 nor does he seek or  
aspire to trade to =eign p>ts on any    
t]ms1 equitable or o!rwise1 or to inve/ 
capital among ali5s "u =eign rule1 or to
 exploit concessions or take ord]s1 =   
acceptance or deliv]y2 nor1 inde$1 does 
he at all commonly come into ev5 t      
degree ( contact ) abroad t is impli$ 9 
! pur*ase ( =eign securities4 ,virtually
 ! sole occasion on :i* he comes 9 t\* )
 ! _w beyond ! fronti] is :51 & if1 he  
goes away f home z an emigrant1 & s     
ceases to enjoy ! tutelage ( ! nation's 
con/itut$ au?orities4 ,b ! common man1 9
 po9t ( fact1 is a home-keep+ body1 :o  
t\*es =eign p>ts & ali5s outside !      
national fronti]s only at ! second or   
?ird remove1 if at all1 9 ! occasional  
pur*ase ( =eign products1 or 9 ! sale ( 

goods t may f9d _! way abroad aft] he   
has lo/ sight ( !m4 ,! exception to ?is 
g5]al rule w\ld be f\nd 9 ! case ( ^?   
"u-siz$ nations t are too small to      
conta9 ! traffic 9 :i* _! commonplace   
population are engag$1 & t h nei!r      
national pr[ess nor national pre/ige to 
fall back on 9 a conceivable case (     
ne$1--& ^: citiz5s1 individually1 appe> 
to be z =tunately plac$ 9 _! workday    
=eign relations1 )\t a backgr\nd (      
pr[ess & pre/ige1 z ! citiz5s ( ! great 
p[]s :o are mo/ abundantly provid$ 9 ^! 
respects4  ,) :olly negligible          
exceptions1 ^! matt]s t\* ! ne$s or !   
s5sibilities ( ! common man only ?r\gh !
 *annel ( ! national hon\r1 :i* may be  
injur$ 9 ! h>d%ips suff]$ by 8          
compatriots 9 =eign p>ts1 or :i* may1   
aga91 be repair$ or enhanc$ by !        
m]itori\s a*ievem5ts ( ! same           
compatriots2 ( ^: exi/5ce he w commonly 
h no o!r or m sub/antial evid5ce1 & 9 ^:
 traffic he has no %>e o!r ?an ?is      
vic>i\s suff]+ ( vague & remote         

indignity or va+lory by =ce ( ! :olly   
=tuit\s circum/ance t !y are            
7inscrutably7 8 compatriots4 ,^!        
immat]ial goods ( vic>i\s pre/ige are1 (
 c\rse1 n to be und]valu$1 nor is ! fact
 to be ov]look$ or m9imis$ t !y ent]    
into ! sum total ( ! common citiz5's    
psy*ic income1 = :atev] !y may foot up  
to2 b evid5tly _! consid]ation takes u  
back to ! immat]ial category ( pre/ige  
value1 f :i* ! argum5t j n[ 0 hopefully 
dep>t+ ) a view to consid]ation ( !     
common man's mat]ial int]e/ 9 t national
 ent]prise ab\t :i* patriotic           
aspirations turn4  ,^! ?+s1 !n1 are     
matt]s 9 :i* ! common man has an int]e/ 
only z !y h a pre/ige value4 ,b !re ne$ 
be no "q z to _! t\*+ 8 s5sibilities &  
/irr+ him to action1 & ev5 to acts (    
brav]y & self-sacrifice4 ,indignity or  
ill treatm5t ( 8 compatriots 9 =eign    
p>ts1 ev5 :5 well des]v$1 z is n        
infrequ5tly ! case1 are res5t$ ) a      
vehem5ce t is greatly to ! common man's 
cr$it1 & greatly also to ! ga9 ( ^?     

patriotic /atesm5 :o f9d 9 su*          
grievances _! safe/ & mo/ reliable raw  
mat]ials = ! production ( int]national  
difficulty4 ,t he w s respond to !      
/imulus ( ^!1 mat]ially speak+          
irrelevant1 vicissitudes ( good or ill t
 t\* ! =tunes ( 8 compatriots1 z kn[n to
 him by he>say1 be>s witness1 ( c\rse1  
to ! high quality ( 8 manhood2 b x falls
 v f> %ort ( argu+ t ^! prompt+s ( 8    
patriotic _s h any value z traits t c\nt
 t[>d 8 livelihood or 8 economic        
s]viceability 9 ! community 9 :i* he    
lives4 ,x is all to 8 cr$it1 & x goes to
 con/itute him a desirable citiz51 9 !  
s5se t he is prop]ly am5able to !       
incitem5ts ( patriotic emulation2 b x is
 none ! less to be admitt$1 h[ev]       
reluctantly1 t ?is trait ( impulsively  
vic>i\s indignation or va+lory is nei!r 
mat]ially pr(itable to himself nor an   
asset ( ! slighte/ economic value to !  
community 9 :i* he lives4 ,q ! contr>y1 
9 fact4 ,s also is x true t ! common man
 d]ives no mat]ial advantage f !        

national success along ?is l9e1 ?\gh he 
commonly believes t x all someh[ inures 
to 8 b5efit4 ,x w\ld seem t an +r[n bias
 ( community int]e/1 blurr$ & driv5 by a
 jeal\sly s5sitive patriotic pride1 b5ds
 8 fai? uncritically to mat* 8          
incl9ation4 ,8 p]suasion is a "w (      
preconception r ?an ( p]ception4  ,b !  
mo/ sub/antial & mo/ unqualifi$ mat]ial 
b5efit curr5tly believ$ to be d]ivable f
 a l>ge unfold+ ( national pr[ess & a   
wide ext5sion ( ! national doma9 is an  
increas$ volume ( ! nation's =eign      
trade1 p>ticul>ly ( ! export trade4     
,trade foll[s ! ,flag4 ,& ?is l>g] trade
 & enhanc$ pr(it is presum$ to inure to 
! jo9t b5efit ( ! citiz5s4 ,su* is !    
pr(ession ( fai? ( ! sagaci\s /atesm5 & 
su* is also ! unreflect+ belief ( !     
common man4  ,x may be left an op5 "q if
 an unfold+ ( national pr[ess & pre/ige 
increases ! nation's trade1 :e!r 9      
imports or 9 exports4 ,!re is no        
available evid5ce t x has any effect ( !
 k9d4 ,:at is n an op5 "q is ! pat5t    

fact t su* an ext5sion ( trade conf]s no
 b5efit on ! common man1 :o is n engag$ 
9 ! import or export bus9ess4 ,m        
p>ticul>ly does x yield him no advantage
 at all comm5surate ) ! co/ involv$ 9   
any endeav\r s to increase ! volume (   
trade by increas+ ! nation's p[] &      
ext5d+ its dom9ion4 ,! pr(its ( trade g 
n to ! common man at l>ge b to ! trad]s 
^: capital is inve/$2 & x is a          
completely idle matt] to ! common citiz5
 :e!r ! trad]s :o pr(it by ! nation's   
trade are 8 compatriots or n4#f         
,footnote #f3 ,all ?is1 :i* %\ld be pla9
 )\t demon/ration1 has be5 repeat$ly %[n
 9 ! expositions ( v>i\s peace          
advocates1 typically by ,mr4 ,angell4   
,! pacifi/ argum5t on ! economic        
futility ( national ambitions w commonly
 re/ its case at ?is po9t2 hav+ %[n z   
unres]v$ly z ne$ be t national ambition 
& all its works belong ( "r "u t rubric 
( ! litany t speaks ( ,fire1 ,flood &   
,pe/il5ce4 ,b an h]$it>y b5t ( human    
nature is n to be put out ( ! way ) an  

argum5t %[+ t x has its disutilities4 ,s
 ) ! patriotic animus2 x is a factor to 
be c\nt$ )1 r ?an to be exorcis$4  ,z   
has be5 rem>k$ above1 9 ! c\rse ( "t &  
*ange ! advance ( ! indu/rial arts & ( !
 in/itutions ( own]%ip h tak5 su* a turn
 t ! work+ sy/em ( indu/ry & bus9ess no 
long] runs on national l9es &1 inde$1 no
 long] takes acc\nt ( national          
fronti]s1--except 9 s f> z ! national   
policies & legislation1 arbitr>ily &    
p>tially1 impose ^! fronti]s on ! work+s
 ( trade & indu/ry4 ,! effect ( su*     
regulation = political ends is1 ) :olly 
negligible exceptions1 detrim5tal to !  
effici5t work+ ( ! indu/rial sy/em "u   
mod]n conditions2 & x is !re=e          
detrim5tal to ! mat]ial int]e/s ( !     
common citiz54 ,b ! case is n ! same z  
reg>ds ! int]e/s ( ! trad]s4 ,trade is a
 competitive affair1 & x is to !        
advantage ( ! trad]s engag$ 9 any giv5  
l9e ( bus9ess to ext5d _! own m>kets &  
to exclude compet+ trad]s4 ,competition 
may be ! s\l ( trade1 b monopoly is     

necess>ily ! aim ( e trad]4 ,& !        
national organisation is ( s]vice to its
 trad]s 9 s f> z x %elt]s !m1 :olly or  
p>tly1 f ! competition ( trad]s ( o!r   
nationalities1 or 9 s f> z x fur!rs _!  
ent]prise by subv5tion or simil>        
privileges z aga9/ _! competitors1 :e!r 
at home or abroad4 ,! ga9 t s comes to !
 nation's trad]s f any pref]5tial       
advantage af=d$ !m by national          
regulations1 or f any discrim9ation     
aga9/ trad]s ( =eign nationality1 goes  
to ! trad]s z private ga94 ,x is ( no   
b5efit to any ( _! compatriots2 s9ce !re
 is no community ( usufruct t t\*es ^!  
ga9s ( ! trad]s4 ,s f> z conc]ns 8      
mat]ial advantage1 x is an idle matt] to
 ! common citiz5 :e!r he deals ) trad]s 
( 8 own nationality or ) ali5s2 bo?     
alike w aim to buy *eap & sell de>1 & w 
*>ge him :at ! traffic w be>4 ,nor does 
x matt] to him :e!r ! ga9s ( ?is trade g
 to ali5s or to 8 compatriots2 9 ei!r   
case equally !y imm$iately pass beyond 8
 rea*1 & are equally remov$ f any t\* ( 

jo9t int]e/ on 8 "p4 ,be+ private       
prop]ty1 "u mod]n law & cu/om he has no 
use ( !m1 :e!r a national fronti] does  
or does n int]v5e betwe5 8 domicile & t 
( _! own]4  ,^! are facts t e man ( s\nd
 m9d kn[s & acts on )\t d\bt or         
hesitation 9 8 own workday affairs4 ,he 
w\ld sc>cely ev5 f9d amusem5t 9 s futile
 a proposal z t 8 neighbor %\ld %>e 8   
bus9ess pr(its ) him = no bett] reason  
?an t he is a compatriot4 ,b :5 ! matt] 
is pres5t$ z a proposition 9 national   
policy & embroid]$ ) an invocation ( 8  
patriotic loyalty ! common citiz5 w     
commonly be f\nd cr$ul\s en\gh to accept
 ! sophi/ry )\t abatem5t4 ,8 ar*aic s5se
 ( gr\p solid>ity w /ill lead him at 8  
own co/ to favor 8 trad+ compatriots by 
! imposition ( on]\s trade regulations =
 _! private advantage1 & to int]pose    
ob/acles 9 ! way ( ali5 trad]s4 ,all ?is
 +5i\s policy ( self-defeat is greatly  
help$ out by ! patriotic conceit ( !    
citiz5s2 :o p]suade !mselves to see 9 x 
an accession to ! p[] & pre/ige ( _! own

 nation & a disadvantage to rival       
nationalities4 ,x is1 inde$1 m ?an      
d\btful if su* a policy ( self-defeat z 
is embodi$ 9 curr5t int]national trade  
discrim9ations c\ld be ins9uat$ into !  
legislation ( any civiliz$ nation if !  
popul> intellig5ce 7 n s cl\d$ )        
patriotic animosity z to let a          
prospective detrim5t to _! =eign        
neighbors c\nt z a ga9 to !mselves4  ,s 
t ! *ief mat]ial use ( ! patriotic b5t 9
 mod]n populations1 !re=e1 appe>s to be 
its use to a limit$ class ( p]sons      
engag$ 9 =eign trade1 or 9 bus9ess t    
comes 9 competition ) =eign indu/ry4 ,x 
s]ves _! private ga9 by l5d+ effectual  
c\nt5ance to su* re/ra9t ( int]national 
trade z w\ld n be tol]at$ )9 ! national 
doma94 ,9 s do+ x has also ! second>y & 
m s9i/] effect ( divid+ ! nations on    
l9es ( rivalry & sett+ up irreconcilable
 claims & ambitions1 ( no mat]ial value 
b ( f>-rea*+ effect 9 ! way (           
provocation to fur!r int]national       
e/rangem5t & ev5tual brea* ( ! peace4   

,h[ all ?is falls 9 ) ! s*emes (        
militant /atesm51 & fur!r reacts on !   
fre$om & p]sonal =tunes ( ! common man1 
is an ext5sive & intricate topic1 ?\gh n
 an obscure "o2 & x has already be5     
spok5 ( above1 p]haps z fully z ne$ be4 
,,*apt] ,,iii  ,,on ,,! ,,conditions ,,(
 ,a ,,la/+ ,,peace   ,! consid]ations   
set out 9 e>li] *apt]s h made x appe> t 
! patriotic _s ( mod]n peoples is !     
abid+ s\rce ( cont5tion among nations4  
,except = _! patriotism a brea* ( !     
peace among mod]n peoples c\ld n well be
 _h4 ,s mu* w d\btless be ass5t$ to z a 
matt] ( c\rse4 ,x is also a commonplace 
( curr5t aphori/ic wisdom t bo? p>ties  
to a w>like adv5ture 9 mod]n times /& to
 lose1 mat]ially2 :atev] nom9al--t is to
 say political--ga9s may be made by "o  
or ! o!r4 ,x has also appe>$ f ^!       
consid]ations recit$ 9 e>li] passages t 
?is patriotic _s prevails ?r\gh\t1 among
 all civilis$ peoples1 & t x p]vades "o 
nation ab\t z ubiquit\sly z ano!r4 ,nor 
is !re mu* evid5ce ( a weak5+ ( ?is     

s9i/] proclivity ) ! passage ( "t or !  
cont9u$ advance 9 ! arts ( life4 ,! only
 civiliz$ nations t c be c\nt$ on z     
habitually peaceable are ^? :o are s    
feeble or are s plac$ z to be cut (f f  
hope ( ga9 ?r\gh cont5tion4 ,va+lori\s  
arrogance may run at a high] t5sion     
among ! m backw>d & boori% nations2 b x 
is n evid5t t ! advance gu>d among !    
civilis$ peoples are imbu$ ) a less     
complete national self-complac5cy4 ,if !
 peace is to be kept1 !re=e1 x w h to be
 kept by & betwe5 peoples made up1 9    
effect1 ( complete patriots2 :i* comes  
ne> be+ a contradiction 9 t]ms4         
,patriotism is useful = break+ ! peace1 
n = keep+ x4 ,x makes = national        
pret5sions & int]national jeal\sly &    
di/ru/1 ) w>like ent]prise always 9     
p]spective2 z a way to national ga9 or a
 rec\rse 9 case ( ne$4 ,& !re is        
commonly no settl$ dem>kation betwe5 ^! 
two contra/$ ne$s t urge a patriotic p  
=ev] to keep "o eye on ! *ance ( a      
rec\rse to arms4  ,!re=e any calculus ( 

! ,*ances ( ,peace appe>s to become a   
reckon+ ( ! =ces :i* may be c\nt$ on to 
keep a patriotic nation 9 an un/able    
equilibrium ( peace = ! "t be+4 ,z has j
 be5 rem>k$ above1 among civilis$       
peoples only ^? nations c be c\nt$ on   
consi/5tly to keep ! peace :o are s     
feeble or o!rwise s plac$ z to be cut (f
 f hope ( national ga94 ,& ^! c app>5tly
 be s c\nt$ on only z reg>ds aggression1
 n z reg>ds ! national def5se1 & only 9 
s f> z !y are n drawn into w>like       
ent]prise1 collectively1 by _! m        
compet5t neighbors4 ,ev5 ! feeble/ & mo/
 futile ( !m feels 9 hon\r b\nd to take 
up arms 9 def5se ( su* national         
pret5sions z !y /ill may h>b\r2 & all ( 
!m h>b\r su* pret5sions4 ,9 c]ta9       
extreme cases1 :i* x might seem invidi\s
 to specify m explicitly1 x is n easy to
 discov] any specific reasons = !       
ma9t5ance ( a national e/abli%m5t1 ap>t 
f ! v9dication ( c]ta9 national         
pret5sions :i* w\ld quietly lapse 9 !   
abs5ce ( a national e/abli%m5t on :om _!

 v9dication is incumb5t4  ,( ! re/1 !   
great] nations t are spok5 ( z ,p[]s no 
su* g5]al /atem5t w hold4 ,^! are !     
peoples :o /&1 9 matt]s ( national      
conc]n1 on _! own initiative2 & ! "q (  
peace & w> at l>ge is 9 effect1 a "q (  
peace & w> among ^! ,p[]s4 ,!y are n s  
num]\s t !y c be sift$ into di/9ct      
classes1 & yet !y diff] among !mselves 9
 su* a way t !y may1 = ! purpose 9 h&1  
fairly be rang$ "u two di/+ui%able if n 
contra/$ heads3 ^? :i* may safely be    
c\nt$ on spontane\sly to take ! (f5sive1
 & ^? :i* w fight on provocation4       
,typically ( ! =m] description are      
,g]many & ,japan4 ,( ! latt] are ! ,fr5*
 & ,briti%1 & less confid5tly ! ,am]ican
 republic4 ,9 any summ>y /atem5t ( ?is  
k9d ,russia w h to be left on "o side z 
a d\btful case1 = reasons to :i* !      
argum5t may return at a lat] po9t2 !    
prospective c\rse ( ?+s 9 ,russia is    
sc>cely to be apprais$ on ! gr\nd ( its 
pa/4 ,spa9 & ,italy1 be+ dubi\s ,p[]s at
 ! be/1 ne$ n deta9 ! argum5t2 !y are1 9

 ! nature ( ?+s1 subsidi>ies :o wait on 
! ma9 *ance4 ,& ,au/ria1 ) :atev] ! "n  
may cov]1 is = ! imm$iate purpose to be 
c\nt$ "u ! head ( ,g]many4  ,!re is no  
invidi\s comp>ison int5d$ 9 s sett+ (f  
^! two classes ( nations 9 contra/ to "o
 ano!r4 ,x is n a contra/ ( m]it &      
dem]it or ( pre/ige4 ,imp]ial ,g]many & 
,imp]ial ,japan are1 9 ! nature ( ?+s z 
?+s g1 b5t 9 effect on a di/urbance ( ! 
peace1--) a view to advance ! cause ( _!
 own dom9ion4 ,on a l>ge view ( ! case1 
su* z _m ,g]man /atesm5 7 9 ! habit (   
pr(ess+ 9 ! ye>s prec$+ ! great w>1 x   
may p]haps appe> reasonable to say--z !y
 7 9 ! habit ( say+--t ^! ,imp]ial ,p[]s
 are z well )9 ! l9es ( fair & hone/    
deal+ 9 _! campaign ( aggression z ! o!r
 ,p[]s are 9 tak+ a def5sive attitude   
aga9/ _! aggression4 ,"s sort (         
int]national equity has be5 plead$ 9    
ju/ification ( _! dem& = an increas$ %>e
 ( dom9ion4 ,at lea/ x has appe>$ t ^!  
,imp]ial /atesm5 h s p]suad$ !mselves   
aft] v mature delib]ation2 & !y h %[$   

great conc]n to p]suade o!rs ( ! equity 
( _! ,imp]ial claim to some?+ m ?an !   
law w\ld all[4 ,^! sagaci\s1 n to say   
a/ute1 p]sons h n only rea*$ a          
conviction to ?is effect1 b !y h become 
possess$ ( ?is conviction 9 su* pl5>y   
fa%ion t1 9 ! ,g]man case1 !y h come to 
admit exceptions or abatem5t ( ! claim  
only :5 & 9 s f> z ! campaign (         
equitable aggression on :i* !y _h ent]$ 
has be5 prov$ impracticable by ! =tunes 
( w>4  ,) "s gift = casui/ry "o may1 at 
lea/ conceivably1 hold t ! felt ne$ (   
,imp]ial self-aggr&isem5t may become s  
urg5t z to ju/ify1 or at lea/ to        
condone1 =cible dispossession ( weak]   
nationalities4 ,?is might1 inde$ x has1 
become a suffici5tly p]plex+ "q (       
casui/ry1 bo? z t\*es ! punctilios (    
national hon\r & z reg>ds an equitable  
division betwe5 rival ,p[]s 9 respect ( 
! mat]ial means ( ma/]y4 ,s 9 private   
life x may become a moot "q--9 po9t (   
equity--:e!r ! crav+ ( a kleptomaniac   
may n on occasion rise to su* an        

intol]able pit* ( avidity z to ju/ify   
him 9 seiz+ :atev] valuables he c safely
 lay h&s on1 to ease ! discom=t (       
ungratifi$ desire4 ,9 private life any  
su* endeav\r to bett] oneself at "o's   
neighbors' co/ is n commonly reprobat$  
if x takes effect on a dec5tly l>ge     
scale & %rewdly )9 ! flexibilities ( !  
law or ) ! connivance ( its (fic]s4     
,gov]n+ int]national endeav\rs ( ?is    
class !re is no law s inflexible t x c n
 be conv5i5tly made ov] to fit p>ticul> 
circum/ances4 ,& 9 ! abs5ce ( law ! felt
 ne$ ( a =mal ju/ification w necess>ily 
appeal to ! un=mulat$ equities ( ! case1
 ) "s su* outcome z allud$ to above4    
,all t1 ( c\rse1 is = ! diplomati/s to  
take c>e (4  ,b any speculation on !    
equities involv$ 9 ! project$ c\rse (   
empire to :i* ^! two ent]pris+ nations  
are committ+ !mselves mu/ run )9 ! l9es 
( diplomatic p>able1 & w h none b a     
speculative int]e/4 ,x is n a matt] (   
equity4 ,accept+ ! situation z x /&s1 x 
is evid5t t any peace c only h a        

qualifi$ mean+1 9 ! s5se ( armi/ice1 s  
long z !re is opportunity = national    
ent]prise ( ! "* on :i* ^! two ent]pris+
 national e/abli%m5ts are b5t1 & s long 
z ^! & ! l national e/abli%m5ts rema94  
,s1 tak+ ! peaceable pr(essions ( _!    
spokesm5 at a disc\nt ( "o hundr$ p]c5t1
 z "o necess>ily mu/1 & look+ to !      
circum/antial evid5ce ( ! case1 x is    
abundantly pla9 t at lea/ ^! two imp]ial
 ,p[]s may be c\nt$ on consi/5tly to    
manoeuvre = w>like advantage s long z   
any peace compact holds1 & to break !   
peace s soon z ! /rategy ( ,imp]ial     
ent]prise appe>s to require x4  ,!re has
 be5 mu* c\rte\s make-believe ( amiable 
& upright solicitude on ?is head ! pa/  
few ye>s1 bo? 9 diplomatic int]c\rse &  
among m5 out ( doors2 & s9ce            
make-believe is a matt] ( c\rse 9       
diplomatic int]c\rse x is "r & seemly1 (
 c\rse1 t no ov]t recognition ( unav[$  
facts %\ld be all[$ to trav]se ?is run (
 make-believe )9 ! prec9cts ( diplomatic
 int]c\rse4 ,b 9 any +5u\s inquiry into 

! nature ( peace & ! conditions ( its   
ma9t5ance !re c be no h>m 9 conv5i5tly  
leav+ ! diplomatic make-believe on "o   
side & look+ to ! circum/ances t        
condition ! case1 r ?an to ! =mal       
pr(essions design$ to mask !            
circum/ances4         99       99       
99       99       99  ,*ief among !     
relevant circum/ances 9 ! curr5t        
situation are ! imp]ial designs (       
,g]many & ,japan4 ,^! two national      
e/abli%m5ts are v mu* alike4 ,s mu* s t 
= ! pres5t purpose a s+le l9e ( analysis
 w passably cov] bo? cases4 ,! same l9e 
( analysis w also apply1 ) slight       
adaptation1 to m ?an "o ( ! o!r ,p[]s1  
or ne>-,p[]s1 ( ! mod]n _w2 b 9 s f> z  
su* is held to be ! case1 t is n a      
consid]ation t weak5s ! argum5t z appli$
 to ^! two1 :i* are to be tak5 z !      
consummate type-=m ( a species (        
national e/abli%m5ts4 ,!y are1 betwe5   
!m1 ! be/ in/ance !re is ( :at may be   
call$ a ,dyna/ic ,/ate4  ,except z a    
possible corrective ( int]nal disord]s &

 discont5t1 nei!r ( ! two ,/ates desires
 w>2 b bo? are b5t on dom9ion1 & z !    
dom9ion aim$ at is n to be _h except by 
fight+ = x1 bo? 9 effect are            
incorrigibly b5t on w>like ent]prise4 ,&
 9 nei!r case w consid]ations ( equity1 
humanity1 dec5cy1 v]acity1 or ! common  
good be all[$ to tr\ble ! que/ (        
dom9ion4 ,z lies 9 ! nature ( ! dyna/ic 
,/ate1 imp]ial dom9ion1 9 ! ambitions ( 
bo?1 is beyond price2 s t no co/ is too 
high s long z ultimate success att5ds ! 
imp]ial ent]prise4 ,s mu* is commonplace
 k among all m5 :o are at all conv]sant 
) ! facts4  ,to anyone :o h>bors a      
lively s5tim5tal prejudice = or aga9/   
ei!r or bo? ( ! two nations s spok5 (1  
or = or aga9/ ! mann] ( imp]ial         
ent]prise to :i* bo? are committ$1 x may
 seem t :at has j be5 said ( !m & _!    
relation to ! _w's peace runs on some?+ 
( a bias & conveys some?+ ( dispraise & 
reprobation4 ,su* is n ! int5tion1      
h[ev]1 ?\gh ! appe>ance is sc>cely to be
 avoid$4 ,x is necess>y = ! purposes ( !

 argum5t unambigu\sly to recognise !    
nature ( ^! facts ) :i* ! inquiry is    
conc]n$2 & any pla9 *>act]isation ( !   
facts w unavoidably c>ry a fr+e (       
sugge/ions ( ?is "*1 because curr5t     
spee* is adapt$ = _! reprobation4 ,!    
po9t aim$ at is n ?is inflection (      
approval or disapproval4 ,! facts are to
 be tak5 imp]sonally = :at !y are wor? 9
 _! causal be>+ on ! *ance ( peace or   
w>2 n at _! s5tim5tal value z traits (  
conduct to be apprais$ 9 po9t ( _!      
goodness or exp$i5cy4  ,s se5 )\t       
prejudice1 !n1 if t may be1 ?is ,imp]ial
 ent]prise ( ^! two ,p[]s is to be rat$ 
z ! *ief circum/ance be>+ on ! *ances ( 
peace & condition+ ! t]ms on :i* any    
peace plan mu/ be drawn4 ,evid5tly1 9 ! 
pres5ce ( ^! two ,imp]ial ,p[]s any     
peace compact w be 9 a prec>i\s case2   
equally s :e!r ei!r or bo? ( !m are     
p>ties to su* compact or n4 ,no         
engagem5t b9ds a dyna/ic /atesman 9 case
 x turns out n to fur!r ! dyna/ic       
ent]prise4 ,! "q !n recurs3 ,h[ may     

peace be ma9ta9$ )9 ! horizon ( ,g]man  
or ,japanese ambitions8 ,!re are two    
obvi\s alt]natives1 nei!r ( :i* promises
 an easy way out ( ! qu&>y 9 :i* ! _w's 
peace is plac$ by _! pres5ce3           
,submission to _! dom9ion1 or           
,elim9ation ( ^! two ,p[]s4 ,ei!r       
alt]native w\ld (f] a suffici5tly       
det]r5t outlook1 & yet any project =    
devis+ "s middle c\rse ( conciliation & 
amicable settlem5t1 :i* %all be         
practicable & yet s]ve ! turn1 sc>cely  
has any?+ bett] to promise4 ,! sev]al   
nations n[ engag$ on a w> ) ! great] (  
^! ,imp]ial ,p[]s hold to a design (    
elim9ation1 z be+ ! only measure t m]its
 hopeful consid]ation4 ,! ,imp]ial ,p[] 
9 di/ress bespeaks peace & good-w4  ,^? 
advocates1 :atev] _! nationality1 :o    
speak = negotiation ) a view to a peace 
compact :i* is to embrace ^! ,/ates     
intact1 are aim+1 9 effect1 to put ?+s 9
 tra9 = ultimate submission to ! ma/]y (
 ^! ,imp]ial ,p[]s4 ,9 ^! premises an   
amicable settlem5t & a compact (        

p]petual peace w necess>ily be equival5t
 to arrang+ a p]iod ( recup]ation &     
recruit+ = a new onset ( dyna/ic        
ent]prise4 ,=1 9 ! nature ( ! case1 no  
compact b9ds ! dyna/ic /atesman1 & no   
consid]ation o!r ?an ! pursuit (        
,imp]ial dom9ion comm&s 8 att5tion4     
,!re is1 ( c\rse1 no int5tion to decry  
?is s+le-m9d$ness t is habitually put 9 
evid5ce by ! dyna/ic /atesm54 ,nor %\ld 
x be tak5 z evid5ce ( moral obliquity 9 
!m4 ,x is r ! result ( a peculi> moral  
attitude or b5t1 habitual to su*        
/atesm51 & 9 its degree also habitual to
 _! compatriots1 & is indisp5sably      
involv$ 9 ! ,imp]ial frame ( m9d4 ,!    
consummation ( ,imp]ial ma/]y be+ !     
highe/ & ubiquit\sly ult]ior end ( all  
endeav\r1 its pursuit n only relieves   
its vot>ies f ! obs]vance ( any m9or    
obligations t run c\nt] to its ne$s1 b x
 also imposes a moral obligation to make
 ! mo/ ( any opportunity = pr(itable    
deceit & *ican]y t may (f]4 ,9 %ort1 !  
dyna/ic /atesman is "u ! gov]nance ( a  

high] morality1 b9d+ him to ! s]vice ( 8
 nation's ambition--or 9 po9t ( fact1 to
 ! p]sonal s]vice ( 8 dyna/ic ma/]--to  
:i* x is 8 dutiful privilege loyally to 
devote all 8 p[]s ( =ce & fraud4        
,democratically-m9d$ p]sons1 :o are n   
mov$ by ! call ( loyalty to a gratuit\s 
p]sonal ma/]1 may h "s difficulty 9     
appreciat+ ! =ce & ! moral au/]ity ( ?is
 _s ( devotion to an ideal ( dyna/ic    
aggr&isem5t1 & 9 see+ h[ its p>am\nt    
exig5ce w set aside all meticul\s       
scruples ( p]sonal rectitude & v]acity1 
z be+ a %abby )-hold+ ( s]vice due4  ,to
 su* ( ^! d\bt]s z /ill h reta9$ "s     
remnants ( _! religi\s fai? ?is attitude
 ( loyalty may p]haps be made           
intelligible by call+ to m9d ! analog\s 
self-surr5d] ( ! religi\s devotee4 ,& 9 
?is connection x may also be to !       
purpose to recall t 9 po9t ( its g5esis 
& d]ivation t unres]v$ self-abasem5t &  
surr5d] to ! div9e ends & guidance1 :i* 
is ! *ief grace & glory ( ! true        
believ]1 is held by secul> /ud5ts ( ^!  

matt]s to be only a sublimat$ analogue  
or c\nt]feit ( ?is o!r dutiful abasem5t 
t con/itutes loyalty to a temporal ma/]4
 ,! deity is curr5tly spok5 ( z ,!      
,heav5ly ,k+1 "u ^: dom9ion no s9n] has 
a "r t ,he is b\nd to respect2 v mu*    
aft] ! fa%ion 9 :i* no subject ( a      
dyna/ic /ate has a "r :i* ! ,/ate is    
b\nd to respect4 ,inde$1 all ^! dyna/ic 
e/abli%m5ts t s seek ! ,k+dom1 ! ,p[] & 
! ,glory are surr\nd$ ) a p5umbra (     
div9ity1 & x is commonly a bootless "q  
:]e ! dyna/ic p[]s end & ! claims (     
div9ity beg94 ,!re is some?+ ( a        
coalesc5ce4#g  ,footnote #g3 ,to u !    
/ate is ! mo/ indisp5sable z well z !   
highe/ requisite to our e>?ly           
exi/5ce4444 ,all individuali/ic endeavor
 444 mu/ be unres]v$ly subord9at$ to ?is
 l(ty claim4444 ,! /ate 444 ev5tually is
 ( inf9itely m value ?an ! sum ( all !  
individuals )9 its jurisdiction4 ,?is   
conception ( ! /ate1 :i* is z mu* a "p (
 our life z is ! blood 9 our ve9s1 is   
n[h]e to be f\nd 9 ! ,engli%            

,con/itution1 & is q =eign to ,engli%   
?\ght1 & to t ( ,am]ica z well4--,edu>d 
,mey]1 ,engl&1 its ,political           
,organisation & ,developm5t & ! ,w>     
aga9/ ,g]many1 translat$ by ,h4,s4      
,:ite4 ,bo/on #aiaf4 pp4 #cj-ca4  ,!    
,kais] holds dom9ion by div9e grace & is
 acc\ntable to none b ,god1 if to ,him4 
,! :ole case is 9 a /ill bett] /ate (   
repair z t\*es ! ,japanese e/abli%m5t1  
:]e ! ,emp]or is a l9eal desc5dant ( !  
supreme deity1 ,amat]azu 7o mi ,kami71 &
 :]e1 by consequ5ce1 !re is no l9e (    
cleavage betwe5 a div9e & a secul>      
ma/]y4 ,pursuant to ?is m unqualifi$    
au!nticity ( autocratic rule1 !re is    
also to be f\nd 9 ?is case a            
correspond+ly unqualifi$ devotion 9 !   
subjects & an unqualifi$ subs]vi5ce to  
dyna/ic ends on ! "p ( ! (fic]s ( !     
cr[n4 ,! coalesc5ce ( dyna/ic rule ) !  
div9e ord] is less complete 9 ! ,g]man  
case1 b all obs]v]s be> witness t x all 
goes f> en\gh also 9 ! ,g]man case4 ,?is
 /ate ( ?+s is recall$ "h z a means (   

mak+ pla9 t ! /atesm5 ( ^! ,imp]ial     
,p[]s mu/ 9 ! nature ( ! case1 & )\t    
blame1 be drawn out f "u ! cu/om>y      
re/ra9t ( ^? pr9ciples ( vulg> morality 
t are embodi$ 9 ! decalogue4 ,x is n t !
 subject1 or--:at comes to ! same ?+--! 
s]vant ( su* a dyna/ic ,/ate may n be   
upright1 v]aci\s & humane 9 private     
life1 b only t he mu/ n be addict$ to t 
sort ( ?+ 9 su* mann] or degree z might 
h9d] 8 usefulness = dyna/ic purposes4   
,^! matt]s ( selfi%ly individual        
integrity & humanity h no weight z aga9/
 ! exig5cies ( ! dyna/ic ent]prise4  ,^!
 consid]ations may n satisfy all d\bt]s 
z to ! moral suffici5cy ( ^! motives t s
 suffice to decide ! dyna/ic /atesm5 on 
_! ent]prise ( aggression by =ce &      
fraud2 b x %\ld be evid5t t s long z ^! 
/atesm5 cont9ue 9 ! frame ( m9d spok5 (1
 & s long z popul> s5tim5t 9 ^! c\ntries
 cont9ues1 z hi!rto1 to l5d !m effectual
 support 9 ! pursuit ( su* ,imp]ial     
ent]prise1 s long x mu/ also rema9 true 
t no endur+ peace c be ma9ta9$ )9 !     

sweep ( _! ,imp]ial ambition4 ,any peace
 compact w\ld necess>ily be1 9 effect1  
an armi/ice t]m9able at w & s]v+ z a    
season ( prep>ation to meet a def]r$    
opportunity4 ,= ! peaceable nations x   
w\ld1 9 effect1 be a respite & a season 
( prep>ation = ev5tual submission to !  
,imp]ial rule4  ,by advocates ( su* a   
negotiat$ compact ( p]petual peace x has
 be5 argu$ t ! populace und]ly+ ^!      
,imp]ial ,p[]s w readily be br\ght to   
realise ! futility & inexp$i5cy ( su*   
dyna/ic ent]prise1 if only ! relevant   
facts are br\ght to _! k1 & t s ^! ,p[]s
 w be con/ra9$ to keep ! peace by       
default ( popul> support = _! w>like    
projects4 ,:at is requir$1 x is believ$ 
by ^! sangu9e p]sons1 is t in=mation be 
compet5tly convey$ to ! common p ( ^!   
w>like nations1 %[+ !m t !y h no?+ to   
appreh5d 9 ! way ( aggression or        
oppressive measures f ! side ( _! m     
peaceable neighb\rs2 :]eupon _! w>like  
animus w give place to a reasonable &   
enlight5$ frame ( m9d4 ,?is argum5t runs

 tacitly or explicitly1 on ! premise t  
^! peoples :o h s en?usia/ically l5t    
!mselves to ! curr5t w>like ent]prise   
are fundam5tally ( ! same racial        
complexion & end[$ ) ! same human nature
 z _! peaceable neighb\rs1 :o w\ld be   
only too glad to keep ! peace on any    
t]ms ( tol]able security f aggression4  
,if only a fair opportunity is (f]$ = ! 
int]e/$ peoples to come to an und]/&+1 x
 is held1 a good und]/&+ w readily be   
rea*$2 at lea/ s f> z to result 9 a     
reasonable will+ness to submit que/ions 
9 dispute to an intellig5t canvass & an 
equitable arbitration4  ,projects = a   
negotiat$ peace compact1 to include !   
dyna/ic ,/ates1 c hold any prospect ( a 
happy issue only if ?is l9e ( argum5t1  
or its equival5t1 is p]t95t &           
conclusive2 & ! argum5t is to ! po9t    
only 9 s f> z its premises are s\nd & w 
c>ry z f> z ! desir$ conclusion4 ,!re=e 
a m detail$ att5tion to ! premises on   
:i* x runs w be 9 place1 be=e any       
project ( ! k9d is all[$ to pass        

inspection4  ,z to homog5eity ( race &  
end[m5t among ! sev]al nations 9 "q1 !  
e?nologi/s1 :o are compet5t to speak ( t
 matt]1 are ready to ass]t t ?is        
homog5eity goes mu* f>!r among ! nations
 ( ,europe ?an any consid]able numb] (  
peace advocates w\ld be ready to claim4 
,9 po9t ( race1 & broadly speak+1 !re is
 sub/antially no diff]5ce betwe5 ^! w>r+
 nations1 along any ea/-&-we/ l9e2 :ile 
! progressive diff]5ce 9 racial         
complexion t is always met ) along any  
nor?-&-s\? l9e1 n[h]e co9cides ) a      
national or l+ui/ic fronti]4 ,9 no case 
does a political division betwe5 ^!     
nations m>k or dep5d on a diff]5ce (    
race or ( h]$it>y end[m5t4 ,&1 to give  
full measure1 x may be add$ t also 9 no 
case does a division ( classes )9 any "o
 ( ^! nations1 into noble & base1       
patrician & plebeian1 lay & le>n$1      
innoc5t & vici\s1 m>k or re/ on any     
slighte/ traceable degree ( diff]5ce 9  
race or 9 h]itable end[m5t4 ,on ! po9t (
 racial homog5eity !re is no fault to   

f9d ) ! position tak54  ,if ! second    
po/ulate 9 ?is gr\ndwork ( premises on  
:i* ! advocates ( negotiable peace base 
_! hopes 7 z well tak5 !re ne$ be no    
s]i\s misgiv+ z to ! practicability (   
su* a plan4 ,! plan c\nts on in=mation1 
p]suasion & reflection to subdue        
national animosities & jeal\sies1 at    
lea/ 9 su* measure z w\ld make !m       
am5able to reason4 ,! "q ( imm$iate     
int]e/ on ?is head1 !re=e1 w\ld be z to 
h[ f> ?is populace may be accessible to 
! contemplat$ l9e ( p]suasion4 ,at      
pres5t !y are1 notori\sly1 9 a /ate (   
obsequi\s loyalty to ! dyna/y1 s+le-m9d$
 devotion to ! =tunes ( ! ,fa!rl&1 &    
uncompromis+ hatr$ ( its enemies4 ,9 ?is
 frame ( m9d !re is no?+ t is new1      
except ! degree ( excitem5t4 ,! animus1 
x w be recall$1 0 all !re & on ! al]t :5
 ! call came1 s t ! excitem5t came on ) 
! sweep ( a conflagration on ! fir/ t\* 
( a suitable /imulus4 ,! ,g]man p at    
l>ge 0 evid5tly 9 a highly un/able      
equilibrium1 s t an unexampl$ en?usiasm 

( patriotic self-sacrifice foll[$       
imm$iately on ! fir/ incitem5t to       
manslaught]1 v mu* z if ! nation _h be5 
held "u an hypnotic spell4 ,"o ne$ only 
recall ! volume ( ov]be>+ magniloqu5ce t
 broke out all ov] ! place 9 t beg9n+1  
:5 ,! ,day 0 believ$ to be dawn+4  ,su* 
a popul> frame ( m9d is n a transi5t    
episode1 to be creat$ at %ort notice &  
put aside = a p>cel ( salut>y advice4 ,!
 nation t w make su* a massive conc]t$  
move ) ! alacrity %[n 9 ?is in/ance mu/ 
be liv+ 9 a /ate ( al]t read9ess = j su*
 an onset4 ,yet ?is is n to be set d[n z
 any?+ 9 ! way ( a racial trait         
specifically di/+ui%+ ! ,g]man p f ^?   
o!r adjac5t nationalities t are         
incapable ( a simil>ly swift & massive  
response to ! appeal ( patriotism4 ,^!  
adjac5t nationalities are racially      
id5tical ) ! ,g]man p1 b !y d n %[ !    
same w>like ab&on 9 ne>ly ! same degree4
  ,b = all t1 x is a national trait1 n  
to be acquir$ or put away by tak+ ?\ght4
 ,x is j "h t ! l9e ( def9ition runs3 x 

is a national trait1 n a racial "o4 ,x  
is n ,nature1 b x is ,second ,nature4 ,b
 a national trait1 :ile x is n h]itable 
9 ! simple s5se ( t t]m1 has ! same     
semblance1 or ! same degree1 ( h]$it>y  
p]si/5ce t belongs to ! national        
in/itutions1 usages1 conv5tionalities1  
beliefs1 :i* di/+ui% ! giv5 nation f its
 neighbors4 ,9 ?is in/ance x may be said
 m specifically t ?is eag] loyalty is a 
h]itage ( ! ,g]man p at l>ge 9 ! same   
s5se & ) ! same degree ( p]man5ce z !   
in/itution ( an autocratic royalty has  
among !m1 or a privileg$ nobility4      
,inde$1 x is ! in/itutional c\nt]foil ( 
^! e/abli%m5ts4 ,x is ( an in/itutional 
"*1 j z ! correspond+ s5se ( national   
solid>ity & patriotic devotion is among 
! neighbor+ peoples ) :om ! ,g]man      
nation comes 9 comp>ison4 ,& an         
in/itution is an hi/orical gr[?1 ) j s  
mu* ( a "* ( p]man5ce & cont9uity (     
transmission z is giv5 x by !           
circum/ances out ( :i* x has gr[n4 ,any 
in/itution is a product ( habit1 or     

p]haps m accurately x is a body ( habits
 ( ?\ght be>+ on a giv5 l9e ( conduct1  
:i* prevails ) su* g5]ality & uni=mity  
?r\gh\t ! gr\p z to h become a matt] (  
common s5se4  ,su* an article (         
in/itutional furniture is an outcome (  
usage1 n ( reflection or delib]ate      
*oice2 & x has consequ5tly a "* (       
self-legitimation1 s t x /&s 9 !        
accr$it$ s*eme ( ?+s z intr9sically "r &
 good1 & n m]ely z a %rewdly *os5       
exp$i5t ad int]im4 ,x af=ds a norm (    
life1 inosculat+ ) a multiplicity ( o!r 
norms1 ) :i* x goes to make up a balanc$
 s*eme ( ends1 ways & means gov]n+ human
 conduct2 & no "o su* in/itutional item1
 !re=e1 is mat]ially to be di/urb$1     
disc>d$ or abat$ except at ! co/ ( s]i\s
 d]angem5t to ! balanc$ s*eme ( ?+s 9   
:i* x belongs z an integral con/itu5t4  
,nor c su* a detail norm ( conduct &    
habitual prop5sity come into be>+ & hold
 its place1 except by =ce ( habituation 
:i* is at ! same "t consonant ) ! common
 run ( habituation to :i* ! giv5        

community is subject4 ,x foll[s t ! m   
rigor\s1 compreh5sive1 unremitt+ &      
long-cont9u$ ! habituation to :i* a giv5
 in/itutional pr9ciple owes its vogue1 !
 m intimately & def9itively w x be      
emb$d$ 9 ! common s5se ( ! community1 ! 
less *ance is !re ( its intr9sic        
necessity be+ effectually que/ion$ or   
d\bt$1 & ! less *ance is !re ( correct+ 
x or abat+ its =ce 9 case circum/ances  
%\ld s *ange z to make its cont9u$ rule 
visibly inexp$i5t4 ,its abatem5t w be a 
"w n ( delib]ation & design1 b (        
defection ?r\gh disuse4  ,n t reflection
 & sane c\nsel w c\nt = no?+ 9 ^!       
premises1 b only t ^! ex]tions (        
intellig5ce w c\nt = relatively v little
 by comp>ison ) ! run ( habituation z   
en=c$ by ! circum/ances condition+ any  
giv5 case2 & fur!r1 t wise c\nsel & good
 resolutions c take effect 9 ! way (    
am5d+ any unt[>d in/itutional b5t only  
by way ( suitable habituation1 & only at
 su* a rate ( *ange z ! circum/ances    
gov]n+ habituation w all[4 ,x is1 at !  

be/1 sl[ "w to %ift ! settl$ l9es ( any 
community's s*eme ( common s5se4 ,n[1   
national solid>ity1 & m p>ticul>ly an   
unque/ion+ loyalty to ! sov]eign & !    
dyna/y1 is a matt] ( c\rse & (          
commons5se necessity ) ! ,g]man p4 ,x is
 n necess>y to call to m9d t ! ,japanese
 nation1 :i* has "h be5 c\pl$ ) !       
,g]man1 are 9 ! same case1 only m s4    
,d\btless x w\ld be exce$+ ! premises to
 claim t x %\ld necess>ily take ! ,g]man
 p z long-cont9u$ & z h>% a s*ool+ to   
unle>n _! excess ( *auv9ism1 _! s]vile  
/oop+ to gratuit\s au?ority1 & _! eag]  
subs]vi5ce to ! dyna/ic ambitions ( _!  
ma/]s1 z t :i* has 9 ! c\rse ( hi/ory   
induc$ ^! habits 9 !m4 ,b x w\ld seem   
reasonable to expect t !re %\ld h to be 
"s measure ( proportion betwe5 :at x has
 co/ !m 9 "t & exp]i5ce to a*ieve _!    
curr5t frame ( m9d 9 ?is be>+ & :at x   
w\ld co/ to dive/ !mselves ( x4 ,x is a 
"q ( h[ long a "t & h[ exact+ a         
discipl9e w\ld be requir$ s f> to       
displace ! curr5t s*eme ( commons5se    

values & convictions 9 =ce 9 ! ,fa!rl& z
 to neutralise _! curr5t high-wr\ght    
pr9ciples ( s]vility1 loyalty & national
 animosity2 & on ! solution ( ?is       
difficulty appe> to dep5d ! *ances (    
success = any propos$ peace compact to  
:i* ! ,g]man nation %all be made a p>ty1
 on t]ms ( :at is call$ an honorable    
peace4  ,! national1 or r ! dyna/ic &   
w>like1 animus ( ?is p is ( ! ess5ce (  
_! social & political in/itutions4 ,)\t 
su* a gr\ndwork ( popul> s5tim5t nei!r !
 national e/abli%m5t1 nor ! social ord] 
on :i* x re/s & ?r\gh :i* x works1 c\ld 
endure4 ,& ) ?is und]ly+ national       
s5tim5t intact no?+ b a dyna/ic         
e/abli%m5t ( a some:at ru?less ord]1 &  
no endur+ sy/em ( law & ord] n bas$ on  
univ]sal submission to p]sonal rule1    
c\ld be in/all$4 ,bo? ! popul> animus & 
! correlative co]cive s*eme ( law & ord]
 are ( hi/orical gr[?4 ,bo? h be5 le>n$1
 acquir$1 & are 9 no cog5t s5se orig9al 
) ! ,g]man p4 ,b bo? alike & conjo9tly h
 come out ( a v protract$1 exact+ &     

consi/5t discipl9e ( ma/]y & subjection1
 runn+ virtually unbrok5 ov] ! c5turies 
t h pass$ s9ce ! region t is n[ !       
,fa!rl& fir/ pass$ "u ! pr$ace\s rule ( 
its ,teutonic invad]s1--= no "p ( !     
,fa!rl& is held on o!r t5ure ?an t (    
=cible seizure 9 anci5t times by b&s (  
invad]s1 ) ! negligible exception (     
,hol/e9 & a slight ext5t ( t]ritory     
adjo9+ t prov9ce to ! s\? & s\?-we/4    
,s9ce ! "t :5 su* peoples z 7 ov]tak5 9 
?is region by ! ,g]manic b>b>ian        
invasions1 & 7 r$uc$ to subjection &    
pres5tly m]g$ ) _! ali5 ma/]s1 ! same   
g5]al fa%ion ( law & ord] t pres5tly    
grew out ( t b>b>ian conque/ has cont9u$
 to gov]n ! life ( ^? peoples1 )        
relatively slight & int]mitt5t          
relaxation ( its rigors4 ,contra/$ ) its
 beg9n+s1 9 ! %ameful atrocities ( !    
,d>k ,ages & ! prehi/oric phases ( ?is  
,g]man occupation1 ! lat] /ages ( ?is   
sy/em ( co]cive law & ord] 9 ! ,fa!rl& w
 appe> humane1 n to say g5ial2 b z      
comp>$ ) ! degree ( mitigation :i* ! l  

ord] ( ?+s pres5tly und]w5t else:]e 9   
we/]n ,europe1 x has ?r\gh\t ! hi/orical
 p]iod pres]v$ a rem>kable degree ( t "*
 ( arrogance & s]vility :i* x owes to   
its b>b>ian & pr$atory beg9n+s4         
99       99       99       99       99  
,! initial /ages ( ?is ,g]manic         
occupation ( ! ,fa!rl& are suffici5tly  
obscure "u ! cl\d ( unrecord$ antiquity 
t cov]s !m2 & !n1 an abundance (        
obscurantism has also be5 add$ by !     
vap\rs ( misguid$ vanity t h surr\nd$ s 
ne>ly all hi/orical inquiry on ! "p (   
patriotic ,g]man s*ol>s4 ,yet !re are   
c]ta9 out/&+ features 9 ! case1 9 hi/ory
 & prehi/ory1 t are too l>ge or too     
notori\s to be set aside or to be cov]$ 
ov]1 & ^! may suffice to %[ ! run (     
circum/ances :i* h surr\nd$ ! ,g]man    
peoples & %ap$ _! civil & political     
in/itutions1 & ^: discipl9e has guid$   
,g]man habits ( ?\ght & pres]v$ ! ,g]man
 _s ( loyalty 9 ! %ape 9 :i* x und]lies 
! dyna/ic ,/ate ( ! pres5t day4  ,among 
! mo/ engag+ ( ^? fables t make !       

conv5tional backgr\nd ( ,g]man hi/ory is
 ! academic leg5d ( a free agricultural 
village community made up ( ungrad$ &   
ma/]less m54 ,x is n necess>y "h to     
claim t su* a village community nev]    
play$ a "p 9 ! remot] prehi/oric        
exp]i5ces out ( :i* ! ,g]man p1 or _!   
rul+ classes1 came into ! t]ritory ( !  
,fa!rl&2 su* a claim might div]t !      
argum5t4 ,b x is suffici5tly pat5t to   
/ud5ts ( ^? matt]s today t no su*       
community ( free & ungrad$ m5 _h any "p 
9 ! ,g]manic beg9n+s2 t is to say1 9 !  
e>ly exp]i5ces ( ! ,fa!rl& "u ,g]man    
rule4 ,! meag] & ambigu\s rem>ks (      
,tacitus on ! /ate ( dome/ic & civil    
economy among ! inhabitants ( ,g]many   
ne$ no long] deta9 anyone1 9 ! pres5ce (
 ! available ar*aeological & hi/orical  
evid5ce4 ,! circum/antial evid5ce ( !   
prehi/oric antiquities :i* t\* ?is      
matt]1 z well z ! slight allusions (    
hi/orical records 9 antiquity1 indicate 
unambigu\sly en\gh t :5 ! ,g]manic      
immigrants mov$ into ! t]ritories ( !   

,fa!rl& !y mov$ 9 z invad]s1 or r z     
m>aud]s1 & made !mselves ma/]s ( ! p    
already liv+ on ! l&4 ,& hi/ory q z     
unambigu\sly decl>es t :5 ! ,fa!rl& fir/
 comes "u its light x pres5ts a d>k &   
bloody gr\nd ( tumultu\s cont5tion &    
intrigue2 :]e pr9ces & pr9cel+s1 capta9s
 ( w> & ( rap9e z well z ! capta9s (    
sup]/ition1 sp5d ! sub/ance ( an        
ignom9i\sly sordid & s]vile populace 9  
an endless r\nd ( mutual raid+1 trea*]y1
 assass9ations & sup]session4  ,tak5 at 
_! face value1 ! record$ /ories ( t e>ly
 "t w\ld leave "o to inf] t ! common p1 
^: indu/ry support$ ?is sup]/ructure (  
sordid ma/]y1 c\ld h surviv$ only by    
ov]sight4 ,b t\*$ z x is ) poetic lic5se
 & devot$ to ! admirable life ( ! ma/]  
class--admirable 9 _! own eyes & 9 ^? ( 
_! *ronicl]s1 z und\bt$ly also 9 ! eyes 
( ! subject populace--! hi/ory ( t "t   
d\btless plays up ! notable exploits &  
=tunes ( its conspicu\s p]sonages1      
some:at to ! neglect ( ! obscure        
vicissitudes ( life & =tune among t     

human raw mat]ial by use ( :i* !        
admirable feats ( ! ma/] class 7 a*iev$1
 & ab\t ! use ( :i* ! dre>y traffic (   
gre$ & crime w5t on among ! ma/]s4  ,( !
 lat] hi/ory1 :at cov]s1 say1 ! la/ "o  
?\s& ye>s1 !re is no ne$ to speak at    
l5g?4 ,) transi5t1 episodic1            
int]ruptions x is = ! ,fa!rl& a         
cont9uation out ( ^! beg9n+s1 lead+ out 
into a m settl$ sy/em ( subjection &    
ma/]y & a progressively increas$ scale (
 pr9cely ent]prise1 re/+ on an          
increas+ly useful & increas+ly loyal    
populace4 ,9 all ?is lat] hi/ory !      
po/ure ( ?+s 9 ! ,fa!rl& is by no means 
unique1 nor is x ev5 /rik+ly peculi>1 by
 contra/ ) ! re/ ( we/]n ,europe1 except
 9 degree4 ,x is ( ! same g5]al k9d z ! 
re/ ( :at has gone to make ! hi/orical  
advance ( m$ieval & mod]n times2 b x    
diff]s f ! g5]ality 9 a m sluggi%       
movem5t & a m t5aci\s adh]5ce to :at    
w\ld be rat$ z ! unt[>d features (      
m$iaevalism4 ,! approa* to a mod]n s*eme
 ( in/itutions & mod]n conceptions (    

life & ( human values has be5 sl[1 &    
hi!rto incomplete1 z comp>$ ) ^?        
communities t h1 = good or ill1 gone    
f>!/ along ! ways ( mod]nity4           
,habituation to p]sonal subjection &    
subs]vi5ce "u ! rigor\s & protract$     
discipl9e ( /&>dis$ s]vice & fealty has 
cont9u$ lat]1 & ) lat] & slight]        
mitigation1 9 ! ,fa!rl&2 s z bett] to h 
cons]v$ ! spiritual attitude ( ! feudal 
ord]4 ,law & ord] 9 ! ,fa!rl& has 9 a   
high] degree cont9u$ to mean unque/ion+ 
ob$i5ce to a p]sonal ma/] & unque/ion+  
subs]vi5ce to ! p]sonal ambitions ( !   
ma/]4 ,& s9ce fre$om1 9 ! s5se (        
discretion>y initiative on ! "p ( !     
common man1 does n fit into ! framework 
( su* a sy/em ( dep5d5ce on p]sonal     
au?ority & surveillance1 any degree (   
su* free initiative w be lic5ce 9 ! eyes
 ( m5 br$ into ! framework ( ?is sy/em2 
:]eas lib]ty1 z di/9ct f lic5ce1 is n a 
matt] ( initiative & self-direction1 b (
 latitude 9 ! s]vice ( a ma/]4 ,h5ce no 
degree ( curtailm5t 9 ?is delegat$      

lib]ty w be res5t$ or repudiat$ by      
popul> indignation1 s long z ! ma/] to  
:om s]vice is due c give assurance t x  
is exp$i5t = 8 purposes4  ,! age-long   
c\rse ( exp]i5ce & in/itutional         
discipl9e out ( :i* ! curr5t ,g]man     
situation has come may be drawn         
s*ematically to ! foll[+ effect3 ,9 !   
beg9n+ a turmoil ( conque/1 rap9e1      
s]vitude1 & cont5tion betwe5 rival b&s (
 m>aud]s & _! capta9s1 gradually1 inde$ 
imp]ceptibly1 fell into l9es ( settl$ & 
conv5tionalis$ exploitation2 ) repeat$  
int]ruptions due to new incursions & new
 comb9ations ( rapaci\s *iefta9s4 ,out (
 x all 9 ! c\rse ( "t came a feudal     
rgime1 "u :i* p]sonal allegiance &      
s]vice to petty *iefs 0 ! sole &        
univ]sal accr$it$ bond ( solid>ity4 ,z !
 outcome ( fur!r unremitt+ intrigue &   
cont5tion among feudal *iefs1 ( high &  
l[ degree1 ! populace fell into l>g]    
p>cels1 "u ! h&s ( feudal lords ( l>g]  
dom9ion1 & ! bias ( allegiance & s]vice 
came to hold ) "s degree ( p]man5ce &   

uni=mity1 or at lea/ ( consi/5cy1 ov] a 
consid]able rea* ( c\ntry1 includ+ its  
inhabitants4 ,) ! rise ( ,/ates came    
allegiance to a dyna/y1 z di/+ui%$ f !  
n>r[] & m ephem]al allegiance to !      
semi-deta*$ p]son ( a victori\s pr9ce2 &
 ! relative p]man5ce ( t]ritorial       
fronti]s "u ?is rule gave room = an     
effectual recrudesc5ce ( ! anci5t       
prop5sity to a s5tim5tal gr\p solid>ity2
 9 :i* ! accr$it$ t]ritorial limits ( ! 
dyna/ic dom9ion s]v$ to outl9e ! gr\p t 
s 0 felt to belong toge!r "u a jo9t     
disp5sation & ) some?+ ( a jo9t int]e/ 9
 matt]s ( fame & =tune4 ,z ! same notion
 is m commonly & m sugge/ively express$1
 a s5se ( nationality arose )9 ! sweep (
 ! dyna/ic rule4 ,?is s5se ( community  
int]e/ t is call$ nationality s came 9  
to re5=ce ! s5se ( allegiance to !      
dyna/ic e/abli%m5t & s has coalesc$ ) x 
to produce t high-wr\ght loyalty to !   
,/ate1 t draws equally on ! s5tim5t (   
community int]e/ 9 ! nation & on !      
prescriptive docility to ! dyna/ic head4

 ,! s5se ( national solid>ity & ( feudal
 loyalty & s]vice h coalesc$1 to br+ ?is
 p to t climax ( patriotic devotion     
beyond :i* !re lies no great] height    
along ?is way4 ,b ?is is also z f> z !  
,g]man p h gone2 & x is sc>cely to be   
claim$ t ! ,japanese h yet rea*$ ?is    
/age2 !y w\ld r appe> to be1 ess5tially1
 subjects ( ! emp]or1 & only in*oately a
 ,japanese nation4 ,( ! ,g]man p x seems
 safe to say t !y h a*iev$ su* a        
coalesc5ce ( unimpair$ feudal fealty to 
a p]sonal ma/] & a full-bl[n s5se (     
national solid>ity1 )\t any p]ceptible  
slack5+ 9 ei!r /r& ( ! d\ble tie :i* s  
b9ds !m 9 ! s]vice ( ! dyna/ic ,/ate4   
,g]many1 9 o!r words1 is some:at 9      
arre>s1 z comp>$ ) ^? ,europeans t h    
gone f>!/ along ?is c\rse ( in/itutional
 gr[?1 or p]haps r in/itutional         
p]mutation4 ,x is n t ?is ret>dation ( !
 ,g]man p 9 ?is matt] ( national _s is  
to be c\nt$ z an infirmity1 assur$ly n z
 a h&icap 9 ! pursuit ( t national      
pre/ige on :i* all patriotic endeav\r   

f9ally conv]ges4 ,= ?is purpose !       
failure to di/+ui% betwe5 ! ambitions ( 
! dyna/ic /atesm5 & ! int]e/s ( !       
commonweal? is really a prodigi\s       
advantage1 :i* _! rivals1 ( m mature    
gr[? politically1 h lo/ by atrophy ( ?is
 same dyna/ic axiom ( subs]vi5ce4 ,^!   
o!rs1 ( :om ! ,fr5* & ! ,engli%-speak+  
peoples make up ! great] "p & may be    
tak5 z ! typical in/ance1 h _h a diff]5t
 hi/ory1 9 "p4 ,! discipl9e ( exp]i5ce  
has left a some:at diff]5t residue (    
habits ( ?\ght emb$d$ 9 _! in/itutional 
equipm5t & effective z axiomatic        
premises 9 _! fur!r appreh5sion ( :at is
 wor? :ile1 & :y4  ,x is n t ! diff]5ce 
betwe5 ^! two contra/$ /ra9s ( ! ,we/]n 
civilisation is ei!r pr(\nd or v        
pron\nc$2 x is p]haps r to be /at$ z a  
diff]5ce ( degree ?an ( k9d2 a          
ret>dation ( spiritual gr[?1 9 respect (
 ! preval5t & controll+ habits ( ?\ght  
on c]ta9 heads1 9 ! "o case z aga9/ !   
o!r4 ,!re=e any attempt to speak )      
suffici5t def9ition1 s z to br+ out ?is 

national diff]5ce ( animus 9 any conv9c+
 way1 w unavoidably h an appe>ance (    
ov]/atem5t1 if n also ( bias4 ,& 9 any  
case1 ( c\rse1 x is n to be expect$ t ! 
national diff]5ce "h spok5 = c be br\ght
 home to ! appreh5sion ( any unspoil$   
son ( ! ,fa!rl&1 s9ce x does n lie )9 t 
p]spective4  ,x is n ( ! nature ( a     
div]g5ce1 b r a diff]5tial 9 po9t (     
cultural maturity1 due to a diff]5tial 9
 ! rate ( progression ?r\gh t sequ5ce ( 
in/itutional phases ?r\gh :i* ! civilis$
 peoples ( ,europe1 jo9tly & sev]ally1 h
 be5 l$ by =ce ( circum/ance4 ,9 ?is    
movem5t out ( ! ,d>k ,ages & onw>d1     
circum/ances h fall5 out diff]5tly = ^? 
,europeans t *anc$ to live )9 ! conf9es 
( ! ,fa!rl&1 diff]5t ) su* effect z to h
 9 ! pres5t plac$ ^! o!rs at a f>!r     
remove f ! po9t ( dep>ture1 leav+ !m    
furni%$ ) less ( t ar*aic frame ( m9d t 
is "h 9 "q4 ,possess$ ( less1 b by no   
means %orn ( all--p]haps n ( ! major    
"p--( t b>b>ic h]itage4  ,circum/ances h
 s fall5 out t ^!--typically ! ,fr5* & !

 ,engli%-speak+ peoples--h left beh9d & 
p>tly =gott5 t in/itutional phase 9 :i* 
! p ( ,imp]ial ,g]many n[ live & move & 
h _! be+4 ,! ,fr5* p>tly because !y--t  
is ! common p ( ! ,fr5* l&s--ent]$ !    
procession ) a v sub/antial lead1 hav+  
nev] be5 put back to a po9t abrea/ ( _! 
neighbors across ! ,rh9e1 9 t phase (   
,european civilisation f :i* ! peoples (
 ! ,fa!rl& t>dily em]g$ into ! feudal   
age4 ,s1 any /ud5t :o %all set out to   
acc\nt = ! visible lead :i* ! ,fr5* p   
/ill s ob/9ately ma9ta9 9 ! advance (   
,european culture1 w h to make up 8     
acc\nt ) ?is notable fact among !       
premises ( 8 inquiry1 t !y h _h a %ort] 
c\rse to cov] & h !re=e1 9 ! sport+     
phrase1 _h ! inside track4 ,!y measure f
 a high] datum l9e4 ,among ! advantages 
:i* s h come1 9 a s5se une>n$1 to !     
,fr5* p1 is _! un9t]rupt$ ret5tion1 out 
( ,roman--& p]haps pre-,roman--times1 ( 
! conception ( a commonweal?1 a         
community ( m5 ) jo9t & mutual int]e/s  
ap>t f any sup]impos$ dep5d5ce on a jo9t

 feudal sup]ior4 ,! ,fr5* p !re=e became
 a nation1 ) unobtrusive facility1 s    
soon z circum/ances p]mitt$1 & !y are   
today ! olde/ nation 9 ,europe4 ,!y     
!re=e 7 prep>$ f long be=eh&1 ) an      
adequate pr9ciple 7habit ( ?\ght7 (     
national cohesion & patriotic s5tim5t1  
to make ! %ift f a dyna/ic ,/ate to a   
national commonweal? :5ev] ! occasion = 
su* a move %\ld arise2 t is to say1     
:5ev] ! dyna/ic ,/ate1 by a suitable    
conjunction ( infirmity & irksom5ess1   
%\ld pass ! m>g9 ( tol]ance 9 ?is p's   
outrag$ s5se ( national %ame4 ,! case ( 
! ,g]man p 9 _! latt]day attitude t[>d  
dyna/ic vag>ies may af=d a t]m (        
comp>ison4 ,^! appe> yet incapable (    
di/+ui%+ betwe5 national %ame & dyna/ic 
ambition4  ,by a diff]5t c\rse & on l9es
 m ne>ly p>allel ) ! life-hi/ory ( !    
,g]man peoples1 ! ,engli%-speak+ peoples
 h rea*$ :at is = ! pres5t purpose mu* !
 same gr\nd z ! ,fr5*1 9 t !y too h made
 ! %ift f ! dyna/ic ,/ate to ! national 
commonweal?4 ,! ,briti% />t$ late1 b !  

discipl9e ( s]vitude & unmitigat$       
p]sonal rule 9 _! case 0 relatively     
brief & relatively ineffectual2 t is to 
say1 z comp>$ ) :at _! ,g]man c\s9s _h  
to endure & to le>n 9 ! l connection4 ,s
 t ! ,briti% nev] le>n$ ! lesson (      
dyna/ic loyalty fully by he>t2 at lea/ n
 ! populace2 :atev] may be true = !     
privileg$ classes1 ! g5tlem51 ^: int]e/s
 7 on ! side ( privilege & irresponsible
 ma/]y4 ,"h z 9 ! ,fr5* case x 0 !      
habits ( ?\ght ( ! common man1 n ( !    
class ( g5tlem51 t made ! obsolesc5ce ( 
! dyna/ic ,/ate a =egone conclusion & an
 easy matt]--z "o speaks ( easy         
a*ievem5t 9 respect ( matt]s ( t        
magnitude4 ,x is n[ "s two & a half     
c5turies s9ce ?is %ift 9 ! national po9t
 ( view ov]took ! ,engli%-speak+        
community4 ,p]haps x w\ld be unfair to  
say t t p]iod1 or t p]iod plus :at fur!r
 "t may yet h to be add$1 m>ks ! int]val
 by :i* ,g]man habits ( ?\ght 9 ^!      
premises are 9 arre>s1 b x is n easy to 
f9d secure gr\nd = a diff]5t & m mod]ate

 appraisal4  ,! future1 ( c\rse1 is n to
 be measur$ 9 t]ms ( ! pa/1 & ! tempo ( 
! pres5t & ( ! calculable future is 9 _m
 be>+s v diff]5t f t :i* has rul$ ev5 9 
! rec5t hi/orical pa/4 ,b !n1 on ! o!r  
h&1 habituation always requires "t2 m   
p>ticul>ly su* habituation z is to take 
effect ?r\gh\t a popul\s nation & is    
c\nt$ on to "w a displacem5t ( a        
compreh5sive in/itutional sy/em & ( a   
p's outlook on life4  ,g]many is /ill a 
dyna/ic ,/ate4 ,t is to say1 its        
national e/abli%m5t is1 9 effect1 a     
self-appo9t$ & irresponsible autocracy  
:i* holds ! nation 9 usufruct1 work+    
?r\gh an appropriate bureaucratic       
organisation1 & ! p is imbu$ ) t _s (   
abnegation & devotion t is involv$ 9 _! 
en?usia/ically support+ a gov]nm5t ( t  
"*4 ,n[1 x is 9 ! nature ( a dyna/ic    
,/ate to seek dom9ion1 t be+ ! :ole (   
its nature4 ,& a dyna/ic e/abli%m5t :i* 
enjoys ! unqualifi$ usufruct ( su*      
res\rces z are plac$ at its disposal by 
! feudali/ic loyalty ( ! ,g]man p runs  

no *ance ( keep+ ! peace1 except on t]ms
 ( ! unconditional surr5d] ( all ^? :om 
x may conc]n4 ,no solemn engagem5t & no 
pi\s resolution has any weight 9 !      
balance aga9/ a cultural fatality ( ?is 
magnitude4         99       99       99 
99       99  ,?is acc\nt ( ! d]ivation &
 curr5t /ate ( ,g]man nationalism w (   
c\rse appe> bias$ to anyone :o has be5 9
 ! habit ( rat+ ,g]man ,culture high 9  
all its be>+s1 & to :om at ! same "t !  
ideals ( peace & lib]ty appeal4 ,inde$1 
su* a critic1 gift$ ) ! due modicum (   
asp]ity1 might well be provok$ to call x
 all a m or less +5i\s diatribe (       
p>tisan malice4 ,b x c be s con/ru$ only
 by ^? :o see ! "q at issue z a po9t (  
invidi\s di/9ction betwe5 ?is ,g]man    
animus on ! "o h& & ! correspond+ frame 
( m9d ( ! neighbor+ peoples on ! o!r h&4
 ,!re may also appe> to ! capti\s to be 
"s air ( deprecation ab\t !             
*>act]isation "h (f]$ ( ! pa/ hi/ory (  
political traffic )9 ! conf9es ( !      
,fa!rl&4 ,all ( :i*1 ( c\rse1 t\*es     

nei!r ! v]acity ( ! *>act]isation nor ! 
purpose ) :i* s ungrateful a l9e (      
analysis & exposition has be5 ent]$ ^u4 
,x is to be regrett$ if facts t may     
flutt] ! emotions ( "o & ano!r among !  
s5sitive & unreflect+ c n be drawn into 
su* an inquiry )\t hav+ _! cog5cy       
disc\nt$ be=eh& on acc\nt ( ! s5tim5tal 
value imput$ to !m4 ,( c\rse no (f5se is
 int5d$ & no invidi\s comp>ison is aim$ 
at4  ,ev5 if ! po9t ( x all 7 an        
invidi\s comp>ison x w\ld imm$iately h  
to be admitt$ t ! net %[+ 9 favor ( ^!  
o!rs1 e4g41 ! ,fr5* or ! ,engli%-speak+ 
peoples1 is by no means s unres]v$ly to 
_! cr$it z su* a summ>y /atem5t ( !     
,g]man case might seem to imply4 ,z be>+
 on ! *ances ( a peace cont+5t ^u !     
temp] ( ! contract+ nationalities1 x is 
by no means a =egone conclusion t su* a 
peace compact w\ld hold indef9itely ev5 
if x dep5d$ solely on ! pacific animus (
 ^! o!rs t h left ! dyna/ic ,/ate beh9d4
 ,^! o!rs1 9 fact1 are also n yet out ( 
! woods4 ,!y may n h ! same gift (      

gratuit\s & irresponsible trucul5ce z _!
 ,g]man c\s9s1 9 ! same al>m+ degree2 b 
z 0 said 9 an e>li] passage1 !y too are 
ready to fight on provocation4 ,!y are  
patriotic to a degree2 inde$ to su* a   
degree t any?+ :i* visibly t\*es !      
national pre/ige w readily af=d a casus 
belli4 ,b x rema9s true t ! popul> temp]
 among !m is ( ! def5sive ord]2 p]haps (
 an unnecess>ily en?usia/ic def5sive    
ord]1 b aft] all 9 su* a frame ( m9d z  
leaves !m will+ to let well en\gh alone1
 to live & let live4  ,& h]e9 appe>s to 
lie ! decisive diff]5ce betwe5 ^?       
peoples ^: patriotic affections c5t]    
ab\t ! =tunes ( an imp]sonal commonweal?
 & ^? 9 :om is sup]add$ a f]v5t         
aspiration = dyna/ic asc5d5cy4 ,! latt] 
may be c\nt$ on to break ! peace :5 a   
promis+ opportunity (f]s4  ,! contra/   
may be illu/rat$1 ?\gh n s %>ply z might
 be desirable1 9 ! diff]5t temp] %[n by 
! ,briti% p 9 ! ,bo] w> on ! "o h&1 z   
comp>$ ) ! popul>ity ( ! ,fr5*-,prussian
 w> among ! ,g]man p on ! o!r h&4 ,bo? 7

 aggressive w>s1 & bo? 7 sub/antially   
unprovok$4 ,diplomatically speak+1 (    
c\rse1 suffici5t provocation 0 f\nd 9   
ei!r case1 z h[ %\ld x n8 ,b 9 po9t (   
sub/antial provocation & ( mat]ial      
inducem5t1 bo? 7 ab\t equally gratuit\s4
 ,9 ei!r case ! w> c\ld readily h be5   
avoid$ )\t mat]ial detrim5t to !        
community & )\t p]ceptible lesion to !  
national hon\r4 ,bo? 7 eng9e]$ on gr\nds
 %amelessly manufactur$ ad hoc by       
int]e/$ p>ties2 9 ! "o case by a cot]ie 
( dyna/ic /atesm51 9 ! o!r by a junta ( 
comm]cial adv5tur]s & imp]iali/ic       
politicians4 ,9 nei!r case _h ! p any   
int]e/ ( ga9 or loss 9 ! qu>rel1 except 
z x became a "q ( national pre/ige4 ,b  
bo? ! ,g]man & ! ,briti% community bore 
! burd5 & f\ght ! campaign to a         
successful issue = ^? int]e/$ p>ties :o 
_h precipitat$ ! qu>rel4 ,! ,briti% p at
 l>ge1 x is true1 bore ! burd52 :i*     
comes ne> be+ all t c be said 9 ! way ( 
popul> approval ( ?is w>1 :i* political 
/atesm5 h s9ce !n rat$ z "o ( ! mo/     

pr(itable ent]prises 9 :i* ! =ces ( !   
realm h be5 engag$4 ,on ! subject ( ?is 
successful w> ! common man is /ill      
incl9$ to cov] 8 uneasy s5se ( dec5cy ) 
a recital ( ext5uat+ circum/ances4 ,:at 
p>allels all ?is 9 ! ,g]man case is an  
outbreak ( patriotic ab&on & an         
admirable _s ( unselfi% sacrifice 9     
fur!rance ( ! dyna/ic pre/ige1 an       
intoxication ( patriotic bl>e culm9at+ 9
 ! triumphant coronation at ,v]sailles4 
,nor has ! sob] aft]?\ght ( ! pa/       
=ty-six ye>s ca/ a p]ceptible %ad[ (    
d\bt across ! glori\s memory ( t        
patriotic debau*4  ,su* is ! diff]5ce ( 
animus betwe5 a body ( patriotic citiz5s
 9 a mod]n commonweal? on ! "o h& & !   
loyal subjects ( a dyna/ic ,/ate on !   
o!r h&4 ,!re ne$ be no reflections on ! 
intr9sic m]its ( ei!r4 ,se5 9           
dispassionate p]spective f outside !    
turmoil1 !re is n mu* to *oose1 9 po9t (
 sane & self-respect+ manhood1 betwe5 ! 
sluggi% & %amefac$ abettor ( a sordid   
national crime1 & a rant+ patriot :o    

glories 9 s]v+ z cat's-paw to a         
syndicate ( unscrupul\s politicians b5t 
on dom9ion = dom9ion's sake4 ,b ! "q "h 
is n z to ! relative m]its or ! relative
 manhood cont5ts ( ! two contra/$ types 
( patriot4 ,d\btless bo? & ei!r h       
manhood en\gh & to sp>e2 at lea/1 s !y  
say4 ,b ! po9t 9 "q is ! simpl] & n[ise 
invidi\s "o1 z to ! availability ( bo?  
or ei!r = ! p]petuation ( ! _w's peace  
"u a compact ( vigilant neutrality4     
,pla9ly ! ,g]man frame ( m9d admits ( no
 neutrality2 ! que/ ( dom9ion is n      
compatible ) neutrality1 & ! sub/antial 
core ( ,g]man national life is /ill !   
que/ ( dom9ion "u dyna/ic tutelage4 ,h[ 
x /&s ) ! _s t has repeat$ly come 9     
sight 9 ! int]national relations ( !    
,briti% community is a "q h>d] to answ]4
  ,x may be practicable to e/abli% a    
peace ( neutrals on ! basis ( su*       
national _s z prevails among ^! o!rs--! 
,fr5* & ,engli%-speak+ peoples1 toge!r )
 ! m9or nationalities t clu/] ab\t !    
,nor? ,sea--because _! habitual attitude

 is t ( neutrality1 on ! :ole & )       
all[ance = a bellicose m9ority 9 all ^! 
c\ntries4 ,by & l>ge1 ^! peoples h come 
to ! tol]ant attitude t f9ds expression 
9 ! maxim1 ,live & let live4 ,b !y are  
all & sev]al suffici5tly patriotic4 ,x  
may1 inde$1 prove t !y are m ?an        
suffici5tly patriotic = ! purposes ( a  
neutral peace4 ,!y /& = peace1 b x is   
peace ) hon\r2 :i* means1 9 m explicit  
t]ms1 peace ) undim9i%$ national        
pre/ige4 ,n[1 national pre/ige is a v   
p>ticul> commodity1 z has be5 set out 9 
e>li] passages ( ?is inquiry2 & a peace 
:i* is to be kept only on t]ms ( a      
jeal\s ma9t5ance ( ! national hon\r is  
likely to be 9 a some:at prec>i\s case4 
,if1 & :51 ! national hon\r is felt to  
require an enhanc$ national asc5dancy1 !
 case = a neutral peace imm$iately      
becomes critical4 ,& ! great] ! numb] & 
div]sity ( pret5sions & int]e/s t are   
conceiv$ to be b\nd up ) ! national     
hon\r1 ! m un/able w ! result+ situation
 necess>ily be4  ,! up%ot ( all ?is     

recital ( consid]ations appe>s to be t a
 neutral peace compact may1 or x may n1 
be practicable 9 ! abs5ce ( su* dyna/ic 
,/ates z ,g]many & ,japan2 :]eas x has  
no *ance 9 ! pres5ce ( ^! ent]pris+     
national e/abli%m5ts4  ,no "o w be      
readi] or m voluble 9 exclaim+ aga9/ !  
falsity ( su* a discrim9ation z is "h   
attempt$1 betwe5 ! democratic & !       
dyna/ic nations ( ! mod]n _w1 ?an !     
spokesm5 ( ^! dyna/ic ,p[]s4 ,no "o is m
 outspok5 9 pr(essions ( univ]sal peace 
& ca?olic amity ?an ^! same spokesm5 ( !
 dyna/ic ,p[]s2 & n[h]e is !re m urg5t  
ne$ ( su* pr(essions4 ,(ficial & inspir$
 pr(essions are1 ( c\rse1 to be         
ov]look$2 at lea/1 s *>ity w\ld dictate4
 ,b !re h1 9 ! hi/oric pres5t1 be5 _m   
pr(essions ( ?is "* made also by cr$ible
 spokesm5 ( ! ,g]man1 & p]haps ( !      
,japanese1 p1 & 9 all s9c]ity4 ,by way (
 p>5!sis x %\ld be said t ?is is n      
int5d$ to apply to expressions (        
conviction & int5tion t h come out (    
,g]many ^! two ye>s pa/ 7,decemb]       

#aiaf74 ,)\t que/ion+ ! cr$ibility ( ^! 
witnesses t h borne witness to ! pacific
 & g5ial quality ( national s5tim5t 9 ! 
,g]man p1 x w yet be 9 place to recall !
 run ( facts 9 ! national life ( ,g]many
 9 ?is hi/orical pres5t & ! position (  
^! spokesm5 9 ! ,g]man community4       
99       99       99       99       99  
,! ,g]man nation is ( a peculi>         
composition 9 respect ( its social      
/ructure4 ,s f> z be>s on ! "q 9 h&1 x  
is made up ( ?ree di/9ctive con/itu5t   
factors1 or p]haps r categories or      
conditions ( m54 ,! populace is ( c\rse 
! ma9 category1 & 9 ! la/ resort always 
! ma9 & decisive factor4 ,next 9 po9t ( 
consequ5ce z well z ( numb]s &          
initiative is ! p]sonnel ( ! control1--!
 rul+ class1 ! adm9i/ration1 ! (ficial  
community1 ! hi]>*y ( civil & political 
s]vants1 or :atev] designation may be/  
suit2 ! category comprises t pyramidal  
sup]/ructure ( privilege & control :]e( 
! sov]eign is ! apex1 & 9 :om1 "u any   
dyna/ic rule1 is 9 effect ve/$ !        

usufruct ( ! populace4 ,^! two classes  
or conditions ( m51 ! "o ( :i* ord]s & !
 o!r obeys1 make up ! work+ /ructure ( !
 nation1 & !y also betwe5 !m embody !   
national life & c>ry =w>d ! national "w 
& aim4 ,int]m$iate betwe5 !m1 or r      
beside !m & ov]lapp+ ! commissure1 is a 
?ird category ^: life articulates       
loosely ) bo? ! o!rs at ! same "t t x   
/ill runs along 9 a semi-deta*$ way4    
,?is slight] b m visible1 & p>ticul>ly m
 audible1 category is made up ( !       
,intellectuals1 z a late1 & p]haps      
vulg>1 designation w\ld "n !m4  ,^! are 
!y :o *iefly communicate ) ! _w outside1
 & at ! same "t !y d :at is academically
 call$ ?9k+4 ,!y are 9 intellectual     
contact & communication ) ! _w at l>ge1 
9 a contact ( give & take1 & !y ?9k &   
talk 9 & ab\t ^? concepts t g 9 "u !    
caption ( ! humanities 9 ! _w at l>ge4  
,! category is l>ge en\gh to con/itute  
an intellectual community1 inde$ a      
community ( some:at =midable magnitude1 
tak5 9 absolute t]ms1 al?\gh 9 p]c5tages

 ( ! population at l>ge _! numb]s w foot
 up to only an inconsid]able figure4 ,_!
 contact ) ! sup]ior class spok5 ( above
 is fairly close1 be+ a contact1 9 !    
ma91 ( s]vice on ! "o side & ( control  
on ! o!r4 ,) ! populace _! contact &    
communion is relatively slight1 ! give &
 take 9 ! case be+ nei!r intimate nor   
f>-rea*+4 ,m p>ticul>ly is !re a        
well-kept limit ( mod]ation on any "w ( 
indoctr9ation or intellectual guidance  
:i* ?is class may c>ry d[n among ! p at 
l>ge1 dictat$ & en=c$ by dyna/ic        
exp$i5cy4 ,?is category1 ( !            
,intellectuals1 is suffici5tly l>ge to  
live its own life )9 itself1 )\t draw+  
on ! spiritual life ( ! community at    
l>ge1 & ( suffici5tly sub/antial quality
 to c>ry its own peculi> s*eme (        
intellectual conv5tions & v]ities4 ,( ! 
great & highly m]itori\s place & "w ( ^!
 ,intellectuals 9 ! s*eme ( ,g]man      
culture x is ne$less to speak4 ,:at is  
to ! po9t is t !y are ! accr$it$        
spokesm5 ( ! ,g]man nation 9 all its    

commonplace communication ) ! re/ (     
civilis$ ,europe4  ,! ,intellectuals h  
spok5 ) conviction & s9c]ity ( !        
spiritual /ate ( ! ,g]man p1 b 9 s do+1 
& 9 s f> z be>s on ! "* ( ,g]man        
nationalism1 !y h be5 9 clos] contact1  
intellectually & sympa!tically1 ) !     
intellectual & spiritual life ( civilis$
 ,europe at l>ge ?an ) ! movem5ts ( ! _s
 among ! ,g]man populace4 ,& _! canvass+
 ( ! concepts :i* s h come "u _!        
att5tion f ov] ! national fronti]s has  
be5 c>ri$ =w>d--s f>1 aga91 z be>s on ! 
que/ions t are "h 9 po9t--) !           
,g]man-dyna/ic pr9ciples1 logic &       
me*anism ( execution "u _! imm$iate     
obs]vation & supply+ ! concrete mat]ials
 = inquiry4 ,inde$1 x holds true1 by &  
l>ge1 t no?+ else ?an ?is ,g]man-dyna/ic
 complem5t ( ways & means has1 or c     
effectually1 come "u _! obs]vation 9 su*
 a degree ( intimacy z to give body &   
def9ition to ! some:at ab/ract !orems on
 cultural aims & national preconceptions
 t h come to !m f outside4 ,9 %ort1 !y h

 borr[$ ^! !oretical =mulations f       
abroad1 )\t ! concrete app>atus ( ways &
 means 9 :i* ^! !orems are embodi$ 9 _! 
=eign habitat1 & h s f\nd !mselves      
con/ru+ ^! !oretical borr[+s 9 ! only   
concrete t]ms ( :i* !y h _h fir/-h& &   
conv9c+ k4 ,su* an outcome w\ld be      
fairly unavoidable1 inasmu* z ^!        
,intellectuals1 h[ev] mu* !y are1 9 !   
_s1 citiz5s ( ! cosmopolitan republic ( 
k & intellig5ce1 !y are aft] all1 9     
propria p]sona1 imm$iately & unremitt+ly
 subjects ( ! ,g]man-dyna/ic ,/ate2 s t 
all _! detail ?9k+ on ! aims1 ways &    
means ( life1 9 all its civil &         
political be>+s1 is unavoidably %ap$ by 
! unremitt+ discipl9e ( _! workday      
exp]i5ce "u ?is dyna/ic s*eme4 ,!       
outcome has be5 t :ile !y h tak5 up1 z  
!y h und]/ood !m1 ! concepts t rule !   
civic life ( ^! o!r1 matur] nations1 !y 
h appreh5d$ & develop$ ^! !orems ( civic
 life 9 ! t]ms & by ! logic en=c$ 9 t   
sy/em ( control & surveillance kn[n to  
!m by workday exp]i5ce1--! only         

empirical t]ms at h&4  ,! apex ( gr[? & 
! c5t] ( diffusion z reg>ds ! mod]n     
culture 9 respect ( ! ideals & logic (  
civic life--o!r phases ( ?is culture ?an
 ?is its civil aspect d n conc]n ! po9t 
"h 9 "q--?is apex ( gr[? & c5t] (       
diffusion lie outside ! ,fa!rl&1 9 an   
environm5t ali5 to ! ,g]man in/itutional
 s*eme4 ,yet s intr9sic to ! cultural   
drift ( mod]n mank9d are ^! aims & ?is  
logic1 t 9 tak+ ov] & fur!r enri*+ !    
intellectual h]itage ( ?is mod]n _w !   
,intellectuals ( ! ,fa!rl& h unavoidably
 also tak5 ov] ^? conceptions ( civil   
initiative & ma/]less self-direction t  
rule ! logic ( life 9 a commonweal? (   
ungrad$ m54 ,!y h tak5 ^! ov] &         
assimilat$ !m z be/ _! exp]i5ce w\ld    
p]mit4 ,b workday exp]i5ce & its        
exig5cies are /ubborn ?+s2 & 9 ?is      
process ( assimilation ( ^! ali5        
conceptions ( "r & hone/ liv+1 x is !   
borr[$ !orems conc]n+ civic rights &    
duties t h und]gone adaptation &        
revision1 n ! concrete sy/em ( ways &   

means 9 :i* ^! pr9ciples1 s accept$1 are
 to be put 9 practice4 ,necess>ily s1   
s9ce 9 ! ,g]man s*eme ( law & ord] !    
major premise is ! dyna/ic ,/ate1 :]eas 
! major premise ( ! mod]n civilis$ s*eme
 ( civic life is ! abs5ce ( su* an      
organ4 ,s1 ! developm5t & elaboration ( 
^! mod]n pr9ciples ( civic lib]ty--& ?is
 elaboration has tak5 on =midable       
dim5sions--"u ! h& ( ! ,g]man           
,intellectuals has uni=mly run out into 
,pickwickian convolutions1 greatly      
sugge/ive ( a lo/ s\l seek+ a place to  
re/4 ,) unque/ionably s]i\s purpose &   
untir+ endeav\r1 !y h s\ght to embody ^!
 mod]n civilis$ preconceptions 9 t]ms   
af=d$ by1 or 9 t]ms compatible )1 !     
in/itutions ( ! ,fa!rl&2 & !y h be5 mu* 
conc]n$ & magniloqu5tly elat$ ab\t !    
,g]man _s ( fre$om t s 0 to be br\ght to
 f9al & consummate realisation 9 ! life 
( a free p4 ,b at no po9t & 9 no case h 
ei!r ! proposals or _! c>ry+ out tak5   
%ape z a concrete application ( !       
famili> pr9ciple ( popul>               

self-direction4 ,x has always come to   
some?+ 9 ! way ( a concessive or exp$i5t
 mitigation ( ! antagoni/ic pr9ciple (  
p]sonal au?ority4 ,:]e ! =ms (          
self-gov]nm5t or ( individual           
self-direction h concessively be5       
in/all$1 "u ! ,imp]ial rule1 !y h turn$ 
out to be an imitative /ructure ) "s    
%rewd provision = _! co]cion or         
inhibition at ! discretion ( an         
irresponsible au?ority4  ,nei!r ! s\nd  
intellig5ce nor ! good fai? ( ^!        
,intellectuals ( ! ,fa!rl& is to be     
impugn$4 ,t !--necess>ily vague &       
circumlocutory--expositions ( civic     
in/itutions & popul> lib]ty :i* !y h s  
(t5 & s l>gely promulgat$ %\ld h be5 us$
 z a s]viceable bl9d ( dyna/ic /atecraft
 is n to be set d[n to _! discr$it4     
,circum/ances ov] :i* !y c\ld h no      
control1 s9ce !y 7 circum/ances t %ap$  
_! own habits ( ?\ght1 h plac$ x beyond 
_! compet5ce to appreh5d or to =mulate  
^! ali5 pr9ciples 7habits ( ?\ght7      
concretely 9 ^? ali5 in/itutional       

details & by ! ali5 logic ) :i* !y c\ld 
h no work+ acqua9tance4  ,to "o & ano!r 
?is conception ( cultural solid>ity )9 !
 nation1 & consequ5t cultural ali5cy    
betwe5 nations1 due to ! diff]5t habits 
( life & ( ?\ght en=c$ by ! two div]se  
in/itutional sy/ems1 may be s f>        
unfamili> z to c>ry no conviction4 ,x   
may accord+ly n seem out ( place to     
recall t ! in/itutional sy/em ( any giv5
 community1 p>ticul>ly = any community  
liv+ "u a home-br$ & "t-tri$ sy/em ( its
 own1 w necess>ily be a balanc$ sy/em ( 
int]dep5d5t & mutually concordant p>ts  
work+ toge!r 9 "o compreh5sive plan (   
law & ord]4 ,?r\gh su* an in/itutional  
sy/em1 z1 e4g41 ! ,g]man ,imp]ial       
organisation1 !re w run a degree (      
logical consi/5cy1 consonant ) itself   
?r\gh\t1 & ex]t+ a consi/5t discipl9e   
?r\gh\t ! community2 :]eby !re is en=c$ 
a consi/5t drift or b5t 9 ! preval5t    
habits ( life1 & a correlative b5t 9 !  
result+ habits ( ?\ght preval5t 9 !     
community4 ,x is1 9 fact1 ?is possession

 ( a common s*eme ( use & wont1 & a     
consequ5t common outlook & mann] ( ?9k+1
 t con/itutes ! mo/ intr9sic bond (     
solid>ity 9 any nationality1 & t f9ally 
m>ks x (f f any o!r4  ,x is equally a   
matt] ( c\rse t any o!r giv5 community1 
liv+ "u ! rule ( a sub/antially diff]5t1
 or div]g5t1 sy/em ( in/itutions1 w be  
expos$ to a c\rse ( workday discipl9e   
runn+ to a diff]5t1 p]haps div]g5t1     
effect2 & t ?is o!r community w         
accord+ly come 9 = a *>act]i/ically     
diff]5t discipl9e & fall "u ! rule ( a  
diff]5t commons5se outlook4 ,:]e an     
in/itutional diff]5ce ( ?is k9d is      
some:at l>ge & consi/5t1 s z to am\nt 9 
effect to a discrepancy1 z may fairly be
 said ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,imp]ial      
,g]many & its l on ! "o h&1 & !         
,engli%-speak+ nations on ! o!r h&1 !re 
! diff]5ce 9 ev]yday conceptions may    
readily make ! two peoples mutually     
un9telligible to "o ano!r1 on ^? po9ts (
 in/itutional pr9ciple t are involv$ 9 !
 discrepancy4 ,?is is ! /ate ( ! case z 

betwe5 ! ,g]man p1 includ+ !            
,intellectuals1 & ! peoples aga9/ :om _!
 preconceptions ( national de/9y h      
array$ !m4 ,& ! _m vivid expressions (  
con/]nation1 abhorr5ce & incr$ulity t h 
come out ( ?is community (              
,intellectuals 9 ! c\rse ( ! pa/ two    
ye>s ( trial & error1 be> suffici5t     
te/imony to ! rigor\s con/ra9t :i* ^!   
,g]man preconceptions & _! logic ex]cise
 ov] ! ,intellectuals1 no less ?an ov] !
 populace4  ,conv]sely1 ( c\rse1 x is   
ne>ly z impracticable = ^? :o h gr[n up 
"u ! discipl9e ( democratic in/itutions 
to compreh5d ! habitual outlook ( !     
commonplace ,g]man patriot on national  
int]e/s & aims2 n q1 p]haps1 because !  
discipl9e ( use & wont & indoctr9ation  
is nei!r s rigor\s nor s consi/5t 9 _!  
case4 ,b !re is1 aft] all1 preval5t     
among !m a suffici5tly evid5t logical   
inability to und]/& & appreciate !      
p>am\nt ne$ ( national1 t is to say     
dyna/ic1 asc5dancy t actuates all ,g]man
 patriots2 j z ^! same patriots are     

simil>ly unable to consid] national     
int]e/s 9 any o!r light ?an t ( dyna/ic 
asc5dancy4  ,go+ simply on ! face value 
( ! available evid5ce1 any outsid] might
 easily fall into ! error ( believ+ t :5
 ! great adv5ture ( ! w> op5$ up be=e   
!m1 z well z :5 pres5tly ! %ock ( baffl$
 endeav\r br\ght home its exasp]at+     
futility1 ! ,intellectuals ( ! ,fa!rl&  
di/+ui%$ !mselves above all o!r classes 
& conditions ( m5 9 ! exub]ance ( _!    
patriotic ab&on4 ,su* a view w\ld       
d\btless be almo/ :olly errone\s4 ,x is 
n t ! ,intellectuals rea*$ a            
sub/antially sup]ior pit* ( exaltation1 
b only t1 be+ tra9$ 9 ! use ( language1 
!y 7 able to express _! emotions ) great
 facility4 ,!re seems no reason to      
believe t ! populace fell %ort ( ! same 
measure 9 respect ( _! preval5t frame ( 
m9d4  ,to return to ! work+s ( !        
,imp]ial dyna/ic ,/ate & ! =ces engag$4 
,x pla9ly appe>s t ! ,intellectuals are 
to be c\nt$ z sup]num]>ies1 except s f> 
z !y s]ve z an in/rum5t ( publicity &   

indoctr9ation 9 ! h&s ( ! discretion>y  
au?orities4 ,! work+ factors 9 ! case   
are ! dyna/ic organisation ( control1   
direction & emolum5t1 & ! populace at   
l>ge by use ( ^: sub/ance ! traffic 9   
dyna/ic asc5dancy & emolum5t is c>ri$   
on4 ,^! two are 9 fairly good accord1 on
 ! anci5t basis ( feudal loyalty4       
,hi!rto !re is no evid5t gr\nd = believ+
 t ?is ar*aic tie t b9ds ! populace to !
 dyna/ic ambitions has at all p]ceptibly
 weak5$4 ,& ! possibility ( dyna/ic     
,g]many liv+ at peace ) ! _w "u any     
compact1 !re=e translates itself into ! 
possibility ( ! ,g]man p's unle>n+ its  
habitual def]5ce & loyalty to ! dyna/y4 
,z its acquirem5t has be5 a "w (        
protract$ habituation1 s c its          
obsolesc5ce also come ab\t only ?r\gh m 
or less protract$ habituation "u a sy/em
 ( use & wont ( a diff]5t or div]g5t    
ord]4 ,! elem5ts ( su* a sy/ematic      
discipl9e runn+ to an effect at cross   
purposes ) ?is patriotic animus are n   
abs5t f ! curr5t situation 9 ! ,fa!rl&2 

! discipl9e ( ! mod]n indu/rial sy/em1 =
 in/ance1 runs to su* a div]g5t effect2 
b ?is1 & o!r conceivable =ces :i* may   
re5=ce x1 w aft] all take "t1 if !y are 
to "w a decisive *ange 9 ! curr5t frame 
( m9d ( ! patriotic ,g]man community4   
,dur+ ! int]val requir$ = su* a *ange 9 
! national temp]1 ! peace ( ! _w w\ld be
 condition$ on ! inability ( ! dyna/ic  
,/ate to break x4 ,s t ! *ances (       
success = any neutral peace league w v>y
 inv]sely z ! available =ce ( ,imp]ial  
,g]many1 & x c\ld be acc\nt$ secure only
 9 ! virtual elim9ation ( ! ,imp]ial    
,/ate z a national ,p[]4  ,if ! gradual 
obsolesc5ce ( ! _s ( militant loyalty 9 
! ,g]man p1 ?r\gh disuse "u a rgime (   
peace1 indu/ry1 self gov]nm5t & free    
trade1 is to be ! ag5cy by =ce ( :i*    
dyna/ic imp]ialism is to cease1 ! *ance 
( a neutral peace w dep5d on !          
?or\ghness ) :i* su* a rgime (          
self-direction c be in/all$ 9 ?is case1 
& on ! space ( "t requir$ = su*         
obsolesc5ce ?r\gh disuse4 ,obvi\sly1 !  

in/allation ( a workable rgime (        
self-gov]nm5t on peaceable l9es w\ld 9  
any case be a matt] ( great difficulty  
among a p ^: pa/ exp]i5ce has s s+ul>ly 
incapacitat$ !m = self-gov]nm5t2 &      
obvi\sly1 too1 ! int]val ( "t requir$ to
 rea* secure gr\nd along ?is l9e (      
approa* w\ld be v consid]able4 ,also1 9 
view ( ^! conditions1 obvi\sly1 ?is     
s*eme = ma9ta9+ ! peace ( nations by a  
compact ( neutrals bas$ on a compromise 
) an aspir+ dyna/ic ,/ate resolves      
itself into ! second ( ! two alt]natives
 spok5 ( at ! outset1 viz41 a neutral   
peace bas$ on ! elim9ation ( ,g]many z a
 w> p[]1 toge!r ) ! elim9ation ( any    
mat]ials suitable = ! =mation ( a       
=midable coalition4 ,& !n1 ) ,imp]ial   
,g]many suppos$ly elim9at$ or pacifi$1  
!re w\ld /ill rema9 ! ,japanese         
e/abli%m5t1 to :i* all ! argum5ts p]t95t
 9 ! case ( ,g]many w apply )\t         
abatem5t2 except t1 at lea/ hi!rto1 !   
dyna/ic /atesm5 ( ,japan h n _h !       
disposal ( s massive a body ( res\rces1 

9 population1 indu/ry1 or raw mat]ials4 
,,*apt] ,,iv  ,,peace ,,)\t ,,hon\r   ,!
 argum5t !re=e turns back to a *oice    
betwe5 ! two alt]natives allud$ to3     
peace 9 submission to ! rule ( ! ,g]man 
dyna/ic e/abli%m5t 7& to ,japan71 or    
peace ?r\gh elim9ation ( ^! ent]pris+   
,p[]s4 ,! =m] alt]native1 no d\bt1 is   
suffici5tly unattractive1 b x is n !re=e
 to be put aside )\t a he>+4 ,z goes )\t
 say+1 x is repugnant to ! patriotic    
s5tim5ts ( ^? peoples :om ! ,imp]ial    
,g]man e/abli%m5t h elect$ = submission4
 ,b if ?is unreflect+ patriotic         
revulsion c once be made am5able to     
reason1 !re is always some?+ to be said 
9 favor ( su* a plan ( peaceable        
submission1 or at lea/ 9 ext5uation ( x2
 & if x is kept 9 m9d t ! ult]ior       
necessity ( su* submission mu/ always   
rema9 9 p]spective z a condition prec$5t
 to a peaceful settlem5t1 s long z "o or
 bo? ( ^! ent]pris+ ,p[]s rema9s intact1
 x w be se5 t a sane appraisal ( ! m]its
 ( su* a rgime ( peace is by no means   

uncall$ =4 ,= nei!r ( ^! two ,p[]s is   
!re a conclusive issue ( endeav\r %ort (
 p>am\nt dom9ion4         99       99   
99       99       99  ,!re %\ld also be 
"s ga9 ( insight & sobriety 9 recall+ t 
! ,intellectuals ( ! ,fa!rl&1 :o h      
d\btless pond]$ ?is matt] long] & m     
dispassionately ?an all o!r m51 h spok5 
v highly ( ! m]its ( su* a plan (       
univ]sal submission to ! rule ( ?is     
,g]man dyna/ic e/abli%m5t4 ,!y _h1 no   
d\bt1 be5 consid]+ ! "q bo? long &      
e>ne/ly1 z to :at w\ld1 9 ! light (     
reason1 ev5tually be to ! be/ int]e/ (  
^? peoples ^: manife/ de/9y 0 ev5tual   
tutelage "u ! ,imp]ial cr[n2 & !re ne$  
also be no d\bt t 9 t "t 7two ye>s pa/7 
!y !re=e spoke advis$ly & out ( !       
fulness ( ! he>t on ?is head4 ,!        
pron\ncem5ts t came out ( ! community ( 
,intellectuals 9 t season ( unemb>rass$ 
elation & artless av[al are d\btless to 
be tak5 z an outcome ( mu* ?\ghtful     
canvass+ ( :at _h be/ be done1 n z an   
en=c$ compromise ) unt[>d necessities b 

z ! salut>y c\rse freely to be pursu$ ) 
an eye s+le to ! be/ good ( all conc]n$4
  ,x is true1 ! capti\s h be5 l$ to     
speak slight+ly ( ! _m utt]ances ( ?is  
t5ure com+ out ( ! community (          
,intellectuals1 z1 e4g41 ! lay s]mons ( 
,pr(essor ,o/wald dat+ back to t season2
 b no unprejudic$ read] c well escape ! 
p]suasion t ^!1 z well z ! v consid]able
 volume ( simil> pron\ncem5ts by _m o!r 
m5 ( em95t s*ol>%ip & notable = b5evol5t
 s5tim5ts1 are fai?fully to be accept$ z
 ! expressions ( a pr(\nd conviction & a
 consci\sly g5]\s _s4 ,9 s speak+ ( !   
advantages to be d]iv$ by any subject p 
f submission to ! ,g]man ,imp]ial rule1 
^! ,intellectuals are n to be con/ru$ z 
=mulat+ ! drift ( vulg> patriotic       
s5tim5t among _! compatriots at l>ge1 b 
r z giv+ out ! deliv]ances ( _! own m   
s5sitive _s & matur] delib]ation1 z m5  
:o are 9 a position to see human affairs
 & int]e/s 9 a l>g] p]spective4 ,su*1 no
 d\bt1 w\ld be _! own s5se ( ! matt]4   
,reflection on ! analog\s case ( !      

tutelage ex]cis$ by ! ,am]ican gov]nm5t 
ov] ! subject ,philipp9os may contribute
 to a j & temp]ate view ( :at is int5d$ 
9 ! rgime ( tutelage & submission s     
spok5 = by ! ,g]man ,intellectuals1--&1 
x may be add$1 f\nd good by ! ,imp]ial  
/atesm54 ,!re w\ld1 ( c\rse1 be !       
diff]5ce1 z aga9/ ! case ( !            
,philipp9os1 t :]eas ! ,am]ican gov]nm5t
 is aft] all answ]able1 9 ! la/ resort &
 9 a some:at r&om fa%ion1 to a popul>   
op9ion t runs on democratic             
preconceptions1 ! ,g]man ,imp]ial       
e/abli%m5t on ! o!r h& is answ]able to  
no "o1 except x be to ,god1 :o is       
conceiv$ to /& 9 some:at ! relation ( a 
sil5t p>tn]1 or a m9ority /ockhold] 9   
?is dyna/ic ent]prise4  ,yet x %\ld n be
 ov]look$ t any presumptive h>d usage   
:i* ! vassal peoples might look = at !  
h&s ( ! ,g]man dyna/y w\ld necess>ily be
 temp]$ ) consid]ations ( exp$i5cy z    
dictat$ by ! exig5cies ( usufruct4 ,!   
,imp]ial e/abli%m5t has %[n itself to be
 wise1 inde$ m wise ?an amiable1 b wise 

at lea/ 9 its int5tions1 9 ! use :i* x  
has made ( subject peoples hi!rto4 ,x is
 true1 a some:at acc5tuat$ eag]ness on !
 "p ( ! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t to get !    
maximum s]vice 9 a m9imum ( "t & at a   
m9imum co/ f ^! subject populations1--z1
 e4g41 9 ,silesia & ,pol&1 9            
,s*leswig-,hol/e91 9 ,alsace-,lorra9e1  
or 9 its ,african & ,oceanic            
possessions1--has at times l$ to        
practices altoge!r dubi\s on humanit>ian
 gr\nds1 at ! same "t t 9 po9t ( ?rifty 
managem5t !y h gone beyond :at ! traffic
 w be>4 ,yet x is n to be ov]look$--& 9 
?is connection x is a po9t ( "s         
weight--t1 s f> z ! pr$atory traditions 
( its /atecraft w p]mit1 ! ,imp]ial     
e/abli%m5t has 9 all ^! matt]s be5 guid$
 by a s+ul>ly unres]v$ att5tion to its  
own mat]ial advantage4 ,:]e its         
managem5t 9 ^! premises has yield$ a    
less pr(itable usufruct ?an !           
circum/ances w\ld reasonably admit1 !   
failure has be5 due to an excess (      
cupidity r ?an ! rev]se4  ,!            

circum/antial evid5ce conv]ges to !     
effect t ! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t may      
confid5tly be c\nt$ on to manage !      
affairs ( its subject peoples ) an eye  
s+le to its own mat]ial ga91 & x may )  
equal confid5ce be c\nt$ on t 9 ! long  
run no unadvis$ excesses w be practis$4 
,( c\rse1 an excessive adv5ture 9       
atrocity & pr$ation1 due to su* human   
infirmity 9 its ag5ts or 9 its          
directorate z has be5 %[n 9 v>i\s rec5t 
episodes1 is to be look$ = n[ & aga92 b 
^! ph5om5a w\ld come 9 by way (         
fluctuat+ v>iations f ! au!ntic r\t9e1 r
 ?an z sy/ematic features ( x4  ,t      
sup]fluity ( naught9ess t has giv5 "* to
 ! curr5t ,g]man ,imp]ial policy 9      
,belgium1 e4g41 or t simil>ly has       
*>act]is$ ! deal+s ( ,imp]ial ,japan 9  
,korea dur+ ! late b5evol5t assimilation
 ( t p into ,japanese-,imp]ial usufruct1
 is n fairly to be tak5 to indicate :at 
su* an ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t may be       
expect$ to d ) a subject p on a foot+ ( 
settl$ & long-t]m exploitation4 ,at !   

outset1 9 bo? in/ances1 ! policy (      
frightfulness 0 dictat$ by a well-advis$
 view to economy ( ef=t 9 r$uc+ !       
subject p to an abject /ate (           
intimidation1 accord+ to ! art ( w> z   
set =? 9 ! manuals2 :]eas latt]ly !     
some:at pr(ligate excesses ( ! gov]nm5t 
( occupation--dec5tly cov]$ ) diplomatic
 p>ables on b5evol5ce & legality--h be5 
dictat$ by milit>y conv5i5ce1 p>ticul>ly
 by ! ne$ ( =c$ labor & ! desirability (
 a r$uc$ population 9 ! acquir$         
t]ritory4 ,s also ! p]sonally conduct$  
deal+s ) ! ,arm5ians by use ( ! ,turks  
%\ld probably also be/ be expla9$ z an  
endeav\r to r$uce ! numb]s ( an         
undesirable population be=eh&1 )\t      
incurr+ unnecess>y blame4 ,all ^! ?+s   
are1 at ! mo/1 mislead+ indications (   
:at ! ,imp]ial policy w\ld be l "u      
settl$ conditions & 9 ! abs5ce (        
insubord9ation4  ,by way ( contra/1 su* 
z may s]ve to br+ ! specific traits (   
?is prospective ,imp]ial tutelage (     
nations into a bett] light1 ! ,ottoman  

usufruct ( ! peoples ( ! ,turki%        
dom9ions (f]s an in/ructive in/ance4 ,! 
,ottoman tutelage is today spok5 ( by   
its apologi/s 9 t]ms sub/antially       
id5tical ) ! sket*es ( ! future pres5t$ 
by hopeful ,g]man patriots 9 ! e>ly     
mon?s ( ! curr5t w>4 ,b z is s frequ5tly
 ! case 9 su* circum/ances1 ^!          
expressions ( ! (fic]s h to be und]/ood 
9 a diplomatic s5se2 n z t\*+ ! facts 9 
any o!r ?an a =mal way4 ,x is           
suffici5tly evid5t t ! ,ottoman         
managem5t ( its usufruct has ?r\gh\t be5
 ill-advis$ en\gh p]si/5tly to *>ge m   
?an ! traffic w\ld be>1 probably due 9  
great "p to lack ( control ov] its ag5ts
 or ramifications1 by ! c5tral (fice4 ,!
 ,ottoman e/abli%m5t has n obs]v$1 or   
en=c$1 ! pla9 rules ( economy 9 its     
utilisation ( ! subject peoples1 & f9ds 
itself today bankrupt 9 consequ5ce4 ,:at
 may af=d m ( a p>allel to ! prospective
 ,g]man tutelage ( ! nations is !       
proc$ure ( ! ,japanese e/abli%m5t 9     
,korea1 ,man*uria1 or ,*9a2 :i* is also 

duly cov]$ ) an o/5sibly dec5t scre5 (  
diplomatic p>ables1 b ! nature & purpose
 ( :i* is ov]t en\gh 9 all respects b ! 
nom5clature4 ,x is n unlikely t ev5 ?is 
,japanese usufruct & tutelage runs on   
some:at less humane & complaisant l9es  
?an a well-advis$ economy ( res\rces    
w\ld dictate = ! prospective ,g]man     
usufruct ( ! ,we/]n nations4  ,!re is ! 
ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 ! two cases t  
:ile ,japan is ov]-populat$1 s t x      
becomes ! "p ( a wise gov]nm5t to f9d   
additional l&s = occupancy1 & t s x is  
con/ra9$ by its imp]ial ambitions to    
displace mu* ( ! population 9 its       
subject t]ritories1 ! ,fa!rl& on ! o!r  
h& is "u-populat$-- notori\sly1 ?\gh n  
accord+ to ! lett] ( ! diplomatic       
p>ables on ?is head--& = ! calculable   
future mu/ cont9ue to be "u-populat$2   
provid$ t ! /ate ( ! indu/rial arts     
cont9ues subject to *ange 9 ! same g5]al
 direction z hi!rto1 & provid$ t no     
radical *ange affects ! ,g]man          
bir?-rate4 ,s1 s9ce ! ,imp]ial gov]nm5t 

has no ne$ ( new l&s = occupancy by its 
home population1 x w presumably be "u no
 inducem5t to take measures look+ to !  
p>tial depopulation ( its subject       
t]ritories4  ,! case ( ,belgium & !     
measures look+ to a r$uction ( its      
population may raise a d\bt1 b probably 
n a well tak5 d\bt4 ,x is r t s9ce x has
 become evid5t t ! t]ritory c n be held1
 x is ?\ght desirable to enri* ! ,fa!rl&
 ) :atev] prop]ty c be remov$1 & to     
consume ! accumulat$ man-p[] ( !        
,belgian p 9 ! s]vice ( ! w>4 ,x w\ld   
appe> t x is a w>-measure1 design$ to   
make use ( ! enemy's res\rces = 8       
defeat4 ,inde$1 "u conditions ( settl$  
occupation or subjection1 any degree (  
su* depopulation w\ld entail an economic
 loss1 & any well-consid]$ adm9i/rative 
policy w\ld !re=e look to ! ma9t5ance ( 
! inhabitants ( ! acquir$ t]ritories 9  
undim9i%$ numb]s & unimpair$            
s]viceability4  ,! result+ s*eme (      
,imp]ial usufruct %\ld accord+ly be ( a 
consid]ate1 n to say 9 effect humane1   

"*1--always provid$ t ! requisite degree
 ( submission & subs]vi5ce 7law & ord]7 
c be en=c$ by a sy/em ( co]cion s humane
 z n to r$uce ! numb] ( ! inhabitants or
 mat]ially to l[] _! physical p[]s4 ,su*
 w\ld1 by reasonable expectation1 be !  
"* ( ?is project$ ,imp]ial tutelage &   
usufruct ( ! nations ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,9 its
 work+-out ?is ,g]man project %\ld      
accord+ly diff] v appreciably f ! policy
 :i* its imp]ial ambitions h con/ra9$ ! 
,japanese e/abli%m5t to pursue 9 its    
deal+s ) ! life & =tunes ( its rec5tly1 
& curr5tly1 acquir$ subject peoples4  ,!
 bett] to appreciate 9 "s concrete      
fa%ion :at %\ld1 by reasonable          
expectation1 be ! t]ms on :i* life might
 s be c>ri$ on sub pace g]manica1       
att5tion may be invit$ to c]ta9 typical 
in/ances ( su* peace by abnegation among
 contempor>y peoples4 ,p]haps at ! top (
 ! li/ /&s ,india1 ) its _m & v>i$      
native peoples1 subject to ,briti%      
tutelage1 b1 ! ,briti% apologi/s say1 n 
subject to ,briti% usufruct4 ,! m>g9 (  

tol]ance 9 ?is in/ance is fairly wide1 b
 its limits are %>ply drawn4 ,india is  
want$ & held1 n = tribute or rev5ue to  
be paid into ! ,imp]ial treasury1 nor   
ev5 = exclusive trade privileges or     
pref]5ces1 b ma9ly z a pres]ve to       
provide (ficial occupation & emolum5ts =
 ,briti% g5tlem5 n o!rwise occupi$ or   
provid$ =2 & second>ily z a means (     
safegu>d+ lucrative ,briti% inve/m5ts1 t
 is to say1 inve/m5ts by ,briti%        
capitali/s ( high & l[ degree4 ,! curr5t
 ,briti% pr(essions on ! subject ( ?is  
occupation ( ,india1 & at times !       
%amefac$ apology = x1 is t ! p ( ,india 
suff] no h>d%ip by ?is means2 ! result+ 
gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5t be+ no m on]\s &  
no m exp5sive to !m ?an any equally1 or 
ev5 any less1 compet5t gov]nm5t ( _! own
 w\ld necess>ily be4 ,! fact1 h[ev]1    
rema9s1 t ,india af=ds a mu* ne$$ & v   
consid]able net rev5ue to ! class (     
,briti% g5tlem51 9 ! %ape ( (ficial     
sal>ies & p5sions1 :i* ! ,briti% g5try  
at l>ge c on no acc\nt =ego4 ,n>r[$ to  

^! proportions x is readily conceivable 
t ! ,briti% usufruct ( ,india %\ld re/ )
 no extraord9>y weight on ! ,indian p at
 l>ge1 h[ev] burd5some x may at times   
become to ^? classes :o aspire to take  
ov] ! usufruct 9 case ! ,briti%         
e/abli%m5t c be dislodg$4 ,?is case     
evid5tly diff]s v appreciably f !       
project$ ,g]man usufruct ( neighbor+    
c\ntries 9 ,europe4  ,a case t may be m 
ne>ly 9 po9t w\ld be t ( any "o ( !     
c\ntries subject to ! ,turki% rule 9    
rec5t times2 al?\gh ^! in/ances sc>cely 
%[ j :at to expect "u ! project$ ,g]man 
rgime4 ,! ,turki% rule has be5 notably  
ineffici5t1 consid]$ z a work+ sy/em (  
dyna/ic usufruct2 :]eas x is confid5tly 
expect$ t ! correspond+ ,g]man sy/em    
w\ld %[ q an exceptional degree (       
effici5cy = ! purpose4 ,?is ,turki%     
ineffici5cy has _h a two-fold effect1   
:i* %\ld n appe> 9 ! ,g]man case4 ,?r\gh
 adm9i/rative abuses int5d$ to s]ve !   
p]sonal advantage ( ! irresponsible     
(ficials1 ! und]ly+ peoples h suff]$ a  

progressive exhau/ion & dilapidation2   
:]eby ! c5tral au?ority1 ! dyna/ic      
e/abli%m5t1 has also gr[n progressively1
 cumulatively weak] & !re=e less able to
 control its ag5ts2 &1 9 ! second place1
 on ! same gr\nds1 9 ! pursuit ( p]sonal
 ga91 & prompt$ by p]sonal animosities1 
^! irresponsible ag5ts h p]si/5tly c>ri$
 _! measures ( extortion beyond         
reasonable b\nds1--t is to say beyond ! 
b\nds :i* a well consid]$ plan ( p]man5t
 usufruct w\ld c\nt5ance4 ,all ?is w\ld 
be o!rwise & m s5sibly arrang$ "u ,g]man
 ,imp]ial auspices4  ,"o ( ! nations t h
 fall5 "u ,turki% rule--& ,turki%       
peace--af=ds a valuable illu/ration ( a 
second>y po9t t is to be consid]$ 9     
connection ) any plan ( peace by        
submission4 ,! ,arm5ian p h 9 lat] "t   
come p>tly "u ,russian dom9ion1 & s h   
be5 expos$ to ! ,russian sy/em (        
bureaucratic exploitation2 & ! diff]5ce 
betwe5 ,russian & ,turki% ,arm5ia is    
in/ructive4 ,accord+ to all cr$ible--t  
is un(ficial--acc\nts1 conditions are   

p]ceptibly m tol]able 9 ,russian        
,arm5ia4 ,well in=m$ p]sons relate t !  
cause = ?is m l5i5t1 or less extreme1   
adm9i/ration ( affairs "u ,russian      
(ficials is a selective dea? rate among 
!m1 su* t a local (ficial :o p]si/5tly  
exce$s a c]ta9 ill-def9$ limit (        
tol]ance is remov$ by :at w\ld "u o!r   
circum/ances be call$ an untimely dea?4 
,no adequate rem$y has be5 f\nd1 )9 !   
l>ge limits :i* ,russian bureaucratic   
adm9i/ration habitually all[s itself 9  
que/ions ( co]cion4 ,! ,turk1 on ! o!r  
h&1 less det]r$ by consid]ations (      
long-t]m exp$i5cy1 &1 x may be1 less    
easily influ5c$ by outside op9ion on any
 po9t ( humanity1 has f\nd a rem$y 9 !  
sy/ematic extirpation ( any village 9   
:i* an illicit dea? occurs4 ,"o w incl9e
 to presume t on ?is head ! ,g]man      
,imp]ial proc$ure w\ld be m aft] !      
,russian ?an aft] ! ,turki% patt]n2     
al?\gh latt]day circum/antial evid5ce w 
?r[ "s s9i/] d\bt on ! reasonabl5ess (  
su* an expectation4  ,x is pla91 h[ev]1 

t ! ,turki% rem$y = ?is =m (            
insubord9ation is a wa/eful means (     
keep+ ! peace4 ,pla9ly1 to ! home (fice1
 ! ,high ,comm&1 ! ext9ction ( a village
 ) its population is a m sub/antial loss
 ?an ! unseasonable decease ( "o ( its  
adm9i/rative ag5ts2 p>ticul>ly :5 x is  
call$ to m9d t su* a decease w          
presumably foll[ only on su* pr(ligate  
excesses ( naught9ess z are b\nd to be  
inexcusably unpr(itable to ! c5tral     
au?ority4 ,x may be left an op5 "q h[ f>
 a corrective ( ?is nature c hopefully  
be look$ to z applicable1 9 case ( ne$1 
"u ! project$ ,g]man ,imp]ial usufruct4 
,x may1 ,i appreh5d1 be said )\t (f5se t
 !re is no dep? ( depravity bel[ !      
ord9>y rea* ( ! ,russian bureaucracy2 b 
?is organisation f9ds itself con/ra9$1  
aft] all1 to use circumspection & set "s
 limits on individual excursions beyond 
! b\nds ( dec5cy & humanity1 s soon z ^!
 excesses t\* ! common or jo9t int]e/ ( 
! organisation4 ,any excess ( atrocity1 
beyond a c]ta9 m>g9 ( tol]ance1 on ! "p 

( any "o ( its memb]s is likely to "w   
pecuni>y mis*ief to ! re/2 & !n1 !      
bureaucratic conduct ( affairs is also1 
aft] all1 9 an unc]ta9 degree subject to
 "s surveillance by popul> s5tim5t at   
home or abroad4 ,! l appe>s n to hold   
true ( ! ,turki% (ficial organisation4  
,! diff]5ce may be due to a less        
provid5t _s among ! latt]1 z already    
indicat$4 ,b a diff]5t tradition1 p]haps
 an outgr[? ( ?is lack ( provid5ce & ( !
 consequ5t gr[? ( a policy (            
frightfulness1 may also come 9 = a %>e 9
 ! outcome2 & !re is also a *>act]i/ic  
diff]5ce 9 po9t ( religi\s convictions1 
:i* may g "s way 9 ! same direction4 ,! 
foll[]s ( ,islam appe> on ! :ole to take
 ! t5ets ( _! fai? at _! face           
value--s]vile1 intol]ant &              
fanatic--:]eas ! ,russian (ficial class 
may p]haps )\t undue reproa* be consid]$
 to h on ! :ole outliv$ ! sup]/iti\s    
conceits to :i* !y yield an exp$i5t pro 
=ma obs]vance4 ,s t :5 worse comes to   
wor/1 & ! ,turk f9ds himself at l5g? ) 8

 back aga9/ ! la/ consolations ( ! fai? 
t makes all ?+s /raight1 he has ! assur$
 k t he is 9 ! "r z aga9/ ! unbeliev]s2 
:]eas ! ,russian bureaucrat 9 a l case  
only kn[s t he is 9 ! wrong4 ,! la/     
extremity is a less conclusive argum5t  
to ! man 9 ^: appreh5sion x is n ! la/  
extremity4 ,aga91 !re is "s %ad[ ( d\bt 
falls on ! "q z to :i* ( ^! is m ne>ly 9
 ! ,g]man ,imp]ial _s4  ,on ! :ole1 !   
case ( ,*9a is m to ! po9t4 ,by & l>ge1 
! p ( ,*9a1 m p>ticul>ly ! p ( !        
coa/al-pla9s region1 h = long habitually
 liv$ "u a rgime ( peace by             
non-resi/ance4 ,! peace has be5 brok5   
transi5tly f "t to "t1 & local          
di/urbances h n be5 infrequ5t2 b1 tak5  
by & l>ge1 ! situation has habitually   
be5 ( ! peaceful ord]1 on a gr\nd (     
non-resi/+ submission4 ,b ?is submission
 has n commonly be5 ( a :ole-he>t$ k9d1 
& x has also commonly be5 associat$ ) a 
degree ( p]si/5t sabotage2 :i* has      
clogg$ & ret>d$ ! adm9i/ration (        
gov]nm5tal law & ord]1 & has also be5   

conducive to a l>ge measure (           
irresponsible (ficial corruption4 ,!    
habitual s*eme ( ?+s ,*9ese 9 ?is be>+  
may fairly be describ$ z a peace (      
non-resi/ance temp]$ ) sabotage &       
assass9ation4 ,su* 0 ! late ,man*u      
rgime1 & !re is no reason 9 ,*9a =      
expect+ a sub/antially diff]5t outcome f
 ! ,japanese invasion t is n[ "u way4 ,!
 nature ( ?is ,japanese incursion %\ld  
be suffici5tly pla94 ,x is an ent]prise 
9 /atecraft aft] ! ord] ( ,mac*iavelli1 
,mett]ni*1 & ,bism>ck4 ,( c\rse1 !      
conciliatory fables giv5 out by !       
diplomatic s]vice1 & by ! o!r apologi/s1
 are to be tak5 at ! normal disc\nt (   
"o-hundr$ p]c5t4 ,! relatively l>ge     
curr5t output ( su* fables may af=d a   
h9t z to ! magnitude ( ! designs :i* !  
fables are int5d$ to cov]4  ,! ,*9ese p 
h _h a m ext5d$ exp]i5ce 9 peace ( ?is  
ord] ?an all o!rs1 & _! case %\ld       
accord+ly be in/ructive beyond all o!rs4
 ,n t a ,european peace by non-resi/ance
 ne$ be expect$ to run v closely on !   

,*9ese l9es1 b !re %\ld be a reasonable 
expectation t ! l>ge c\rse ( ?+s w\ld be
 some:at on ! same ord] 9 bo? cases4    
,nei!r ! ,european traditions & habitual
 temp]am5t nor ! mod]n /ate ( !         
indu/rial arts w p]mit "o to look =     
any?+ l a close p>allel 9 detail2 b x   
rema9s true1 :5 all is said1 t ! ,*9ese 
exp]i5ce ( peace "u submission to ali5  
ma/]s af=ds ! mo/ in/ructive illu/ration
 ( su* a rgime1 z t\*es its             
practicability1 its me?ods1 its cultural
 value1 & its effect on ! =tunes ( !    
subject peoples & ( _! ma/]s4  ,n[1 x   
may be said by way ( prelim9>y          
g5]alisation t ! life-hi/ory ( ! ,*9ese 
p & _! culture is altoge!r ! mo/ impos+ 
a*ievem5t :i* ! records ( mank9d h to   
%[2 :]eas ! hi/ory ( _! successive ali5 
e/abli%m5ts ( ma/]y & usufruct is an    
unbrok5 sequ5ce ( incr$ibly %ameful     
episodes1--always beg9n+ 9 unb\nd$ p[] &
 va+lory1 runn+ by way ( misrule1 wa/e &
 debau*]y1 to an +lori\s f9i% 9 abject  
corruption & imbecility4 ,always h !    

ga9s 9 civilisation1 indu/ry & 9 ! arts1
 be5 made by ! subject ,*9ese1 & always 
h _! ali5 ma/]s contribut$ no?+ to !    
outcome b misrule1 wa/e1 corruption &   
decay4 ,& yet 9 ! long run1 ) all ?is   
h&icap & misrule1 ! ,*9ese p h held _!  
place & made headway 9 ^? ?+s to :i* m5 
look ) affection & e/eem :5 !y come to  
take /ock ( :at ?+s are wor? :ile4 ,x   
w\ld be a hopeless task to c\nt up h[ _m
 dyna/ies ( ma/]ful b>b>ians1 "h & !re1 
h mean:ile come up & play$ _! ephem]al  
role ( va+lori\s nuisance & gone "u 9   
%ame & confusion1 & dismiss$ ) !        
inv>iable v]dict ( ,good ,riddance6  ,x 
may at fir/ sight seem a s+ul>          
conjuncture ( circum/ances1 b x is      
d\btless a consequ5ce ( ! same          
conjuncture1 t ! ,*9ese p h also kept _!
 hold ?r\gh all hi/ory on ! ,*9ese l&s4 
,!y h liv$ & multipli$ & cont9u$ to     
occupy ! l&1 :ile _! successive ali5    
ma/]s h come & gone4 ,s t today1 z !    
outcome ( conque/1 & ( :at w\ld be rat$ 
z defeat1 ! p cont9ue to be ,*9ese1 ) an

 unbrok5 p$igree z well z an unbrok5 l9e
 ( home-br$ culture runn+ ?r\gh all !   
ages ( hi/ory4 ,9 ! biological respect !
 ,*9ese plan ( non-resi/ance has prov$  
em95tly successful4  ,&1 by ! way1 mu* !
 same1 ?\gh n 9 ! same degree1 is true =
 ! ,arm5ian p2 :o h cont9u$ to hold _!  
hill c\ntry ?r\gh good days & evil1     
app>5tly )\t s]i\s or endur+ r$uction ( 
_! numb]s & )\t visible lapse into      
b>b>ism1 :ile ! successive disconnect$  
dyna/ies ( _! conqu]+ rul]s h come &    
gone1 leav+ no?+ b an ill "n4 ,?is fable
 tea*es t a dilig5t att5tion to ! gr[+ (
 crops & *ildr5 is ! sure & appo9t$ way 
to ! ma9t5ance ( a p & its culture ev5  
"u ! mo/ adv]se conditions1 & t ev5tual 
dea? & %ameful de/ruction inexorably    
wait on any rul+ race4 ,hi!rto ! rule   
has n fail$4 ,! rule1 inde$1 is gr\nd$ 9
 ! h]itable traits ( human nature1 f :i*
 !re is no escape4  ,= its long-t]m     
biological success1 z well z = ! cont9u$
 integrity ( a p's culture1 a peace (   
non-resi/ance1 "u good or evil auspices1

 is m to be desir$ ?an imp]ial dom9ion4 
,b ^! ?+s are n all t mod]n peoples live
 =1 p]haps x is safe to say t 9 no case 
are ^! *ief among ! ?+s = :i* civilis$  
,europeans are will+ to live4 ,!y       
urg5tly ne$ also fre$om to live _! own  
life 9 _! own way1 or r to live )9 !    
bonds ( conv5tion :i* !y h come 9 = by  
use & wont1 or at lea/ !y believe t su* 
fre$om is ess5tial to any life t %all be
 q wor? :ile4 ,s also !y h a felt ne$ ( 
security f arbitr>y int]f]5ce 9 _!      
pursuit ( a livelihood & 9 ! free       
control ( _! own pecuni>y conc]ns4 ,& !y
 want a discretion>y voice 9 ! managem5t
 ( _! jo9t int]e/s1 :e!r z a nation or 9
 a m9or civil gr\p4 ,9 %ort1 !y want    
p]sonal1 pecuni>y & political lib]ty1   
free f all direction or inhibition f    
)\t4 ,!y are also mu* conc]n$ to ma9ta9 
favorable economic conditions = !mselves
 & _! *ildr54 ,& la/1 b *iefly r ?an    
lea/1 !y commonly are hide-b\nd patriots
 inspir$ ) an intractable felt ne$ (    
national pre/ige4  ,x is an assemblage (

 peoples 9 su* a frame ( m9d to :om !   
pacifi/s are propos+1 9 effect1 a plan =
 ev5tual submission to an ali5 dyna/y1  
"u ! =m ( a neutral peace compact to    
include ! w>like ,p[]s4 ,!re is little  
likelihood ( su* a s*eme be+ f\nd       
acceptable1 ) popul> s5tim5t runn+ z x  
n[ does 9 ! c\ntries conc]n$4 ,& yet1 if
 ! brittle temp] 9 :i* any su* proposal 
is reject$ by popul> op9ion 9 ^!        
c\ntries today c\ld be made to yield    
suffici5tly to reflection & delib]ate   
appraisal1 x is by no means a =egone    
conclusion t its acceptance w\ld n be ! 
be/ way out ( a critical situation4 ,!  
co/ ( disabl+ & elim9at+ ! w>like ,p[]  
^: dom9ion is fe>$1 or ev5 ( /av+ (f !  
day ( surr5d]1 is evid5tly s]i\s en\gh4 
,! m]its ( ! alt]native %\ld be op5 to  
argum5t1 & %\ld1 inde$1 be all[$ due    
consid]ation4 ,& any endeav\r to pres5t 
!m )\t heat %\ld presumably f9d a he>+4 
,x appe>s to h be5 mu* ( ! fault ( !    
pacifi/s :o speak = ! ,peace ,league t  
!y h fail$ or refus$ to recognise ^!    

ult]ior consequ5ces ( ! plan :i* !y     
advocate2 s t !y appe> ei!r n to "k :at 
!y are talk+ ab\t1 or to avoid talk+    
ab\t :at !y "k4  ,x w be evid5t f be=eh&
 t ! grave difficulty to be met 9 any   
advocacy ( peace on t]ms ( non-resi/ant 
subjection to an ali5 dyna/ic           
rule--peace at any price--is a          
difficulty ( ! psy*ological ord]4       
,:atev] may be conceiv$ to hold true = !
 ,*9ese p1 su* submission is repugnant  
to ! s5tim5ts ( ! ,we/]n peoples4 ,:i* 9
 turn evid5tly is due to ! preval5ce (  
c]ta9 habitual preconceptions among     
mod]n civilis$ m51--c]ta9 acquir$ traits
 ( temp] & bias1 ( ! nature ( fix$      
ideas4 ,t some?+ 9 ! way ( a reasonably 
cont5t$ & useful life is possible "u su*
 a rgime z is held 9 prospect1 & ev5 "s 
tol]able degree ( well-be+1 is made     
evid5t 9 ! ,*9ese case4 ,b ! ,*9ese     
tol]ance ( su* a rgime goes to argue t  
!y are *>g$ ) few] preconceptions at    
v>iance ) ! exig5cies ( life "u ^!      
conditions4 ,s1 x is commonly accept$1 &

 presumably to be accept$1 t ! ,*9ese p 
at l>ge h little if any effectual s5se (
 nationality2 _! patriotism appe>s to be
 ne>ly a negligible quantity4 ,?is w\ld 
appe> to an outsid] to h be5 _! besett+ 
weakness1 to :i* _! successful          
subjection by v>i\s & sundry ambiti\s   
ali5s has be5 due4 ,b x appe>s also to h
 be5 ! infirmity by grace ( :i* ?is p h 
be5 oblig$ to le>n ! ways ( submission1 
& s h _h ! =tune to outlive _! ali5     
ma/]s1 all & sundry1 & to occupy ! l& & 
save ! uncontam9at$ integrity ( _!      
long-liv$ civilisation4         99      
99       99       99       99  ,"s      
acc\nt ( ! nature & uses ( ?is _s (     
patriotism t is held ( s great acc\nt   
among ,we/]n nations has already be5 set
 out 9 an e>li] passage4 ,"o or two     
po9ts 9 ! case1 t be> on ! argum5t "h1  
may pr(itably be recall$4 ,! patriotic  
_s1 or ! tie ( nationalism1 is evid5tly 
( ! nature ( habit1 :atev] proclivity to
 ! =mation ( su* a habit may be native  
to mank9d4 ,m p>ticul>ly is x a matt] ( 

habit--x might ev5 be call$ a matt] (   
=tuit\s habit--:at p>ticul> national    
e/abli%m5t a giv5 human subject w become
 atta*$ to on rea*+ :at is call$ ye>s ( 
discretion & s becom+ a patriotic       
citiz54  ,! analogy ( ! clam may n be   
conv9c+1 b x may at lea/ s]ve to sugge/ 
:at may be ! %>e play$ by habituation 9 
! matt] ( national atta*m5t4 ,! "y clam1
 aft] hav+ pass$ ! free-swimm+ phase ( 8
 life1 z well z ! p]iod ( atta*m5t to ! 
p]son ( a c>p or simil> fi%1 drops to ! 
bottom & atta*es himself loosely 9 !    
place & /ation 9 life to :i* he has be5 
l$2 & he loyally /icks to 8 p>ticul>    
pat* ( ooze & s& ?r\gh good =tune &     
evil4 ,x is1 "u ,provid5ce1 some?+ ( a  
=tuit\s matt] :]e ! giv5 clam %all f9d a
 re/+ place = ! sole ( 8 foot1 b x is   
also1 aft] all1 8 own1 8 native l& etc4 
,x lies 9 ! nature ( a clam to atta*    
himself aft] ?is fa%ion1 loosely1 to !  
bottom :]e he f9ds a liv+1 & he w\ld n  
be a good clam & true if he fail$ to d  
s2 b ! p>ticul> spot = :i* he =ms ?is   

atta*m5t is n ( ! ess5ce ( ! case4 ,at  
lea/1 s !y say4  ,x may be1 z good m5   
appe> to believe or "k1 t all m5 ( s\nd1
 or at lea/ ^? ( av]age1 m9d w          
necess>ily be ( a patriotic temp] & be  
atta*$ by ties ( loyalty to "s p>ticul> 
national e/abli%m5t1 ord9>ily ! p>ticul>
 e/abli%m5t :i* is =mally id5tifi$ ) !  
l& 9 :i* !y live2 al?\gh x is always    
possible t a giv5 individual may be an  
ali5 9 ! l&1 & s may owe allegiance to &
 be rul$ by a patriotic atta*m5t to     
ano!r national e/abli%m5t1 to :i* !     
conv5tionalities gov]n+ 8 special case h
 assign$ him z 8 own prop] nation4 ,!   
analogy ( ! clam evid5tly does n cov] ! 
case4 ,! patriotic citiz5 is atta*$ to 8
 own prop] nationality n altoge!r by !  
accid5t ( domicile1 b r by ! conv5tions1
 legal or cu/om>y1 :i* assign him to ?is
 or t national e/abli%m5t accord+ to    
c]ta9 pr9ciples ( use & wont4  ,m]e     
legal citiz5%ip or allegiance does n    
decide ! matt] ei!r2 at lea/ n by any   
means unavoidably2 z appe>s 9 ! case ( !

 ,*9ese subject "u ,man*u or ,japanese  
rule2 & z appe>s p]haps m p]spicu\sly 9 
! case ( ! hyph5ate ,am]ican citiz51 ^: 
=mal allegiance is to ! nation 9 ^: l&  
he pref]s to live1 all ! :ile t 8       
patriotic affection c5t]s on 8 spiritual
 ,fa!rl& 9 ^: =tunes he has none b a    
non-resid5t int]e/4 ,inde$1 ! p>ticul>  
national tie t w b9d ! affections--t is 
to say ! effectual patriotic atta*m5t--(
 any giv5 individual may turn out on    
clos] scrut9y to be nei!r t ( domicile  
or ( =mal legal allegiance1 nor t (     
putative orig9 or p$igree1 b only a     
reflex ( c]ta9 national animosities2 :i*
 may also turn out on exam9ation to re/ 
on putative gr\nds--z illu/rat$ by a    
subsidi>y class ( hyph5ate ,am]ican     
citiz5s ^: affections h come to be b\nd 
up 9 ! national =tunes ( "o =eign ,p[] =
 ! simple1 b suffici5t1 reason t1 on    
conv5tional gr\nds1 !y be> malice aga9/ 
ano!r equally =eign ,p[]4  ,evid5tly !re
 is mu* sophi/ication1 n to say         
conv5tionalis$ affectation1 9 all ?is   

national atta*m5t & allegiance4 ,x w    
p]haps n d to say t x is altoge!r a     
matt] ( sophi/ication4 ,yet x may n     
exce$ ! premises to say t ! p>ticul>    
*oice1 ! concrete incid5ce1 ( ?is       
national atta*m5t is 9 any giv5 case a  
matt] ( sophi/ication1 l>gely temp]$ )  
=tuity4 ,"o is born into a giv5         
nationality--or1 9 case ( dyna/ic       
allegiance1 into s]vice & devotion to a 
7=tuit\sly7 giv5 sov]eign--or at lea/ s 
x is commonly believ$4 ,/ill "o c )\t   
blame1 & )\t excessive %ame1 %ift "o's  
allegiance on occasion4 ,:at is n       
c\nt5anc$ among civilis$ m5 is to %ift  
out ( allegiance to any giv5 nationality
 or dyna/y )\t %ift+ into ! l           
complication ( ga9less obligations      
some:]e else4 ,su* a %ift+ ( national or
 dyna/ic base is n q reputable1 ?\gh x  
is also n precisely disreputable4 ,!    
difficulty 9 ! case appe>s to be a moral
 difficulty1 n a m5tal or a pecuni>y "o1
 & assur$ly n a physical difficulty1    
s9ce ! relation 9 "q is n a physical    

relation4 ,x w\ld appe> to be ( ! moral 
ord] ( ?+s1 9 t s5se ( ! t]m 9 :i*      
conv5tional proprieties are spok5 ( z   
moral4 ,t is to say1 x is a "q ( con=m+ 
to curr5t expectations "u a code (      
conv5tional proprieties4 ,l mu* ( !     
conv5tional code ( behavior ?is         
patriotic atta*m5t has ! b5efit (       
/&>dis$ decorum1 & its outw>d           
manife/ations are enjo9$ by law4 ,all ( 
:i* goes to %[ h[ v s]i\sly ! :ole matt]
 is reg>d$4  ,& yet x is also a matt] ( 
common notoriety t l>ge aggregates ( m51
 n to speak ( sporadic individuals1 w on
 occasion %ift _! allegiance ) ! mo/    
felicit\s effect & ) no s5sible loss (  
self-respect or ( _! good "n4 ,su* a    
%ift is to be se5 9 multiple 9 ! ,g]man 
nation )9 ! pa/ half-c5tury1 :51 =      
in/ance1 ! ,hanov]ians1 ! ,saxons1 & ev5
 ! ,hol/e9]s 9 v appreciable numb]s1 n  
to m5tion ! subjects ( m9uscul>         
pr9cipalities ^: names h be5 =gott5 9 ! 
%uffle1 all became good & loyal subjects
 ( ! ,empire & ( ! ,imp]ial             

dyna/y1--good & loyal )\t res]vation1 z 
has abundantly appe>$4 ,s likewise )9 a 
simil> p]iod ! inhabitants ( ! ,s\!rn   
,/ates repudiat$ _! allegiance to !     
,union1 putt+ 9 its place an equival5t  
loyalty to _! new-made c\ntry2 & !n1 :5 
! new national e/abli%m5t slipp$ out f  
"u _! feet !y return$ z :ole-he>t$ly z  
ne$ be to _! e>li] allegiance4 ,9 ea* ( 
^! moves1 tak5 ) delib]ation1 x is n to 
be d\bt$ t ?is body ( citiz5s h be5 mov$
 by an unimpea*able _s ( patriotic      
hon\r4 ,no "o :o is 9 any degree        
conv]sant ) ! facts is likely to "q !   
decl>ation t x w\ld be a p]v]sion1 n to 
say an inv]sion1 ( fact to rate _!      
patriotic devotion to ! ,union today l[]
 ?an t ( any o!r section ( ! c\ntry or  
any o!r class or condition ( m54  ,b !re
 is m1 & 9 a s5se worse1 to be f\nd     
along ! same g5]al l9e ( evid5ce t\*+   
?is sublimat$ s5tim5t ( gr\p solid>ity t
 is call$ nationalism4 ,! nation1 (     
c\rse1 is l>ge2 ! l>g] ! bett]1 x is    
believ$4 ,x is s l>ge1 inde$1 t consid]$

 z a gr\p or community ( m5 liv+ toge!r 
x has no s5sible degree ( homog5eity 9  
any ( _! mat]ial circum/ances or        
int]e/s2 nor is any?+ m ?an an          
inconsid]able fraction ( ! aggregate    
population1 t]ritory1 indu/ry1 or daily 
life kn[n to any "o ( ^! patriotic      
citiz5s except by remote & highly dubi\s
 he>say4 ,! "o secure po9t on :i* !re is
 a 7con/ructive7 uni=mity is ! matt] (  
national allegiance2 :i* gr[s /rong] & m
 confid5t ) e increase 9 aggregate mass 
& volume4 ,x is also n d\btful1 e4g41 t 
if ! p ( ! ,briti% ,dom9ions 9 ,nor?    
,am]ica %\ld *oose to ?r[ 9 _! national 
lot ) ! ,union1 all sections & classes1 
except ^? ^: pecuni>y int]e/ 9 a        
protective t>iff might be conceiv$ to   
suff]1 w\ld pres5tly welcome !m2 nor is 
x d\btful t ,am]ican nationality w\ld   
cov] ! new & l>g] aggregate z readily z 
! old4 ,mu* ! same w hold true ) respect
 to ! o!r c\ntries colonis$ "u ,briti%  
auspices4 ,& !re is no conclusive reason
 = draw+ ! limit ( admissible national  

ext5sion at t po9t4  ,s mu*1 h[ev]1 is  
fairly )9 ! possibilities ( ! calculable
 future2 its realisation w\ld turn 9    
great measure on ! discont9uance ( c]ta9
 outworn or diss]viceable in/itutional  
arrangem5ts2 z1 e4g41 ! remnants ( a    
decay$ mon>*y1 & ! legally protect$ ve/$
 int]e/s ( c]ta9 bus9ess ent]prises & ( 
c]ta9 (fice-hold+ classes4 ,:at m & f>!r
 might practicably be und]tak5 9 ?is    
way1 9 ! abs5ce ( m>plot (fice-hold]s1  
(fice-seek]s1 sov]eigns1 prie/s &       
monopoli/ic bus9ess conc]ns %elt]$ "u   
national animosities & re/ra9ts ( trade1
 w\ld be some?+ n easy to assign a limit
 to4 ,all ! m9or neutrals1 t clu/] ab\t 
! ,nor? ,sea1 c\ld unque/ionably be     
drawn into su* a composite nationality1 
9 ! abs5ce1 or ) due disreg>d1 ( ^?     
classes1 families & individuals ^:      
pecuni>y or invidi\s ga9 is dep5d5t on  
or fur!r$ by ! exi/+ division ( ^!      
peoples4  ,! project$ def5sive league ( 
neutrals is1 9 effect1 an in*oate       
coalesc5ce ( ! k9d4 ,its purpose is !   

safegu>d+ ( ! common peace & fre$om1 :i*
 is also ! av[$ purpose & ju/ification (
 all ^? mod]n nations t h outliv$ !     
rgime ( dyna/ic ambition & s ( ent]prise
 9 dom9ion = dom9ion's sake1 & h pass$  
into ! neutral phase ( nationality2 or x
 %\ld p]haps r be said t su* is ! end ( 
endeav\r & ! w>rant ( exi/5ce & p[] = ^!
 mod]n national e/abli%m5ts 9 s f> z !y 
h outliv$ & repudiat$ su* ambitions ( a 
dyna/ic or a quasi-dyna/ic ord]1 & s h  
tak5 _! place z intr9sically neutral    
commonweal?s4  ,x is only 9 ! common    
def5se 7or 9 ! def5se ( ! l conditions (
 life = _! fell[m5 else:]e7 t ! citiz5s 
( su* a commonweal? c )\t %ame ent]ta9  
or put 9 evid5ce a _s ( patriotic       
solid>ity2 & x is only by speci\s &     
sophi/ical appeal to ! national hon\r--a
 conceit surviv+ out ( ! dyna/ic pa/--t 
! populace ( su* a commonweal? c be     
/irr$ to any?+ beyond a def5se ( _! own 
prop] lib]ties or ! lib]ties ( l-m9d$ m5
 else:]e1 9 s f> z !y are n /ill imbu$ )
 some?+ ( ! dyna/ic animus & ! *auv9i/ic

 animosities :i* !y h =mally repudiat$ 9
 repudiat+ ! feudali/ic pr9ciples ( !   
dyna/ic ,/ate4  ,! nation1 )\t ! bond ( 
dyna/ic loyalty1 is aft] all a make-%ift
 idea1 an episodic half-way /ation 9 !  
sequ5ce1 & loyalty1 9 any prop] s5se1 to
 ! nation z su* is s mu* ( a            
make-believe1 t 9 ! abs5ce ( a common   
def5se to be safegu>d$ any su* patriotic
 conceit mu/ lose popul> assurance &1 ) 
! pass+ ( g5]ations1 fall ins5sibly into
 abeyance z an ar*aic affectation4 ,!   
pressure ( dang] f )\t is necess>y to   
keep ! national _s al]t & /ubborn1 9    
case ! pressure f )91 t comes ( dyna/ic 
usufruct work+ = dom9ion1 has be5       
)drawn4 ,) fur!r ext5sion ( ! national  
b\nd>ies1 su* t ! dang] ( gratuit\s     
infraction f )\t gr[s con/antly less    
m5ac+1 :ile ! traditional rgime (       
int]national animosities falls m & m    
remotely into ! backgr\nd1 ! _s (       
nationalism is fairly on ! way to       
obsolesc5ce ?r\gh disuse4 ,9 o!r words1 
! nation1 z a commonweal?1 be+ a p>tisan

 organisation = a def5sive purpose1     
becomes functa (ficio 9 respect ( its   
nationalism & its patriotic ties 9      
some:at ! same measure z ! national     
coalition gr[s to su* a size t          
p>tisan%ip is displac$ by a cosmopolitan
 security4  ,d\btless ! fall+ into      
abeyance ?r\gh disuse ( s pleas+ a      
virtue z patriotic devotion w seem an   
impossibly di/a/eful consummation2 &    
ab\t ta/es !re is no disput+1 b ta/es   
are ma9ly creations ( habit4 ,except = !
 disquiet+ "n ( ! ?+1 !re is today      
little /&s 9 ! way ( a cosmopolitan ord]
 ( human int]c\rse unobtrusively        
displac+ national allegiance2 except =  
ve/$ int]e/s 9 national (fices &        
int]national discrim9ations1 & except = 
^? peoples among :om national life /ill 
is suffici5tly b\nd up ) dyna/ic        
ambition4  ,9 an e>li] passage !        
patriotic _s has be5 def9$ z a s5se (   
p>tisan solid>ity 9 po9t ( pre/ige1 &   
suffici5t argum5t has be5 sp5t 9        
confirm+ ! def9ition & %[+ its          

implications4 ,) ! pass+ ( all occasion 
= a p>tisan _s z t\*es ! common good1   
?r\gh coalesc5ce ( ! p>ts betwe5 :i*    
p>tisan discrepancies h hi!rto be5 kept 
up1 !re w\ld also h pass$ all legitimate
 occasion = or provocation to an        
intoxication ( invidi\s pre/ige on      
national l9es1--& !re is no pre/ige t is
 n ( an invidi\s nature1 t be+1 inde$1 !
 :ole ( its nature4 ,he w\ld h to be a  
p]son ( praet]natural patriotic         
s5sibilities :o c\ld fall into an       
emotional /ate by reason ( ! national   
pre/ige ( su* a coalition commonweal? z 
w\ld be made up1 e4g41 ( ! ,fr5* &      
,engli%-speak+ peoples1 toge!r ) ^? o!r 
neutrally & peaceably incl9$ ,european  
communities t are ( a suffici5tly mature
 ord] to h abjur$ dyna/ic ambitions (   
dom9ion1 & p]haps includ+ ! ,*9ese p z  
well4 ,su* a coalition may n[ fairly be 
said to be )9 speak+ di/ance1 & ) its   
consummation1 ev5 9 ! in*oate %ape ( a  
def5sive league ( neutrals1 ! ev5tual   
abeyance ( t national allegiance &      

national hon\r t bulks s l>ge 9 !       
rep]tory ( curr5t eloqu5ce w\ld also    
come 9 prospect4  ,all ?is is by no     
means say+ t love ( c\ntry1 & ( use &   
wont z x runs 9 "o's home area & among  
"o's own p1 w\ld suff] decay1 or ev5    
abatem5t4 ,! provocation to no/algia    
w\ld presumably be z good z ev]4 ,x is  
ev5 conceivable t "u su* a 7contemplat$7
 rgime ( unconditional security1        
atta*m5t to "o's own habitat & social   
circum/ances might gr[ to some?+ m ?an  
is commonly se5 9 ! prec>i\s situation 9
 :i* ! *ances ( a quiet life are plac$  
today4 ,b no/algia is n a bellicose     
di/emp]1 nor does x make = gratuit\s    
di/urbance ( peaceable ali5 peoples2    
nei!r is x ! _s 9 :i* m5 l5d !mselves to
 w>like ent]prise look+ to pr(itless    
dom9ion abroad4 ,m5 make patriotic      
sacrifices ( life & sub/ance 9 spite (  
home-sickness r ?an by virtue ( x4      
99       99       99       99       99  
,! aim ( ?is long digression has be5 to 
%[ t patriotism1 ( t bellicose k9d t    

seeks satisfaction 9 inflict+ damage &  
discom=t on ! p ( o!r nations1 is n ( ! 
ess5ce ( human life2 t x is ( ! nature (
 habit1 induc$ by circum/ances 9 ! pa/ &
 h&$ on by tradition & in/itutional     
arrangem5ts into ! pres5t2 & t m5 c1 )\t
 mutilation1 dive/ !mselves ( x1 or     
p]haps r be dive/$ ( x by =ce (         
circum/ances :i* w set ! curr5t (       
habituation ! contr>y way4  ,! *ange (  
habituation necess>y to br+ ab\t su* a  
decay ( ! bellicose national _s w\ld    
appe> to be ( a negative ord]1 at lea/ 9
 ! ma94 ,x w\ld be an habituation to    
unconditional peace & security2 9 o!r   
words1 to ! abs5ce ( provocation1 r ?an 
a co]cive tra9+ away f ! bellicose      
temp]4 ,?is bellicose temp]1 z x affects
 m5 collectively1 appe>s to be an       
acquir$ trait2 & x %\ld logically       
disappe> 9 "t 9 ! abs5ce ( ^? conditions
 by impact ( :i* x has be5 acquir$4 ,su*
 obsolesc5ce ( patriotism1 h[ev]1 w\ld n
 !re=e come ab\t abruptly or swiftly1   
s9ce ! patriotic _s has by pa/ use &    

wont1 & by pa/ indoctr9ation1 be5 s     
?or\ghly work$ into ! texture ( !       
in/itutional fabric & into ! commons5se 
ta/e & morality1 t its effectual        
obsolesc5ce w involve a some:at         
compreh5sive displacem5t & mutation     
?r\gh\t ! range ( in/itutions & popul>  
conceits t h be5 h&$ d[n4 ,&            
in/itutional *anges take "t1 be+        
creations ( habit4 ,yet1 aga91 !re is ! 
qualification to ?is la/1 t s9ce ! *ange
 9 "q appe>s to be a matt]1 n ( acquir+ 
a habit & confirm+ x 9 ! %ape ( an      
article ( g5]al use & wont1 b ( =gett+  
:at once 0 le>n$1 ! "t & exp]i5ce to be 
all[$ = its decay ne$ logically n equal 
t requir$ = its acquirem5t1 ei!r 9 po9t 
( duration or 9 po9t ( ! /rictness (    
discipl9e necess>y to inculcate x4      
,:ile ! _s ( nationalism is su* an      
acquir$ trait1 & :ile x %\ld !re=e foll[
 t ! *ief ag5cy 9 dive/+ m5 ( x mu/ be  
disuse ( ! discipl9e out ( :i* x has    
aris51 yet a positive1 & ev5 some?+ ( a 
dra/ic discipl9e to ! contr>y effect ne$

 n be altoge!r ineffectual 9 br++ ab\t  
its obsolesc5ce4 ,! case ( ! ,*9ese p   
seems to argue some?+ ( ! sort4 ,n t !  
,*9ese are simply & neutrally           
unpatriotic2 !y appe> also to be well   
*>g$ ) disloyalty to _! ali5 rul]s4 ,b  
along ) a s5se ( be+ on ! def5sive 9 _! 
common conc]ns1 !re is also ! fact t !y 
appe> n to be appreciably patriotic 9 ! 
prop] s5se2 !y are n greatly mov$ by a  
_s ( nationality4 ,& ?is failure ( !    
national _s among !m c sc>cely be set   
d[n to a neutral disuse ( t discipl9e   
:i* has on ! o!r h& induc$ a militant   
nationalism 9 ! peoples ( ,*ri/5dom2 x  
%\ld seem m probable1 at lea/1 t ?is    
relative abs5ce ( a national ambition is
 traceable 9 good "p to its hav+ be5    
positively br$ out ( !m by ! /]n        
repression ( all su* aspirations "u !   
autocratic rule ( _! ali5 ma/]s4        
99       99       99       99       99  
,peace on t]ms ( submission &           
non-resi/ance to ! ord9>y exactions &   
rul+s ( ^? ,imp]ial au?orities to :om   

su* submission may become necess>y1 !n1 
w be cont+5t on ! virtual abeyance ( !  
_s ( national pride 9 ! peoples :o s are
 to come "u ,imp]ial rule4 ,a suffici5t1
 by no means necess>ily a total1        
elim9ation or decad5ce ( ?is proclivity 
w be ! condition prec$5t ( any          
practicable s*eme = a g5]al peace on ?is
 foot+4 ,h[ l>ge an all[ance ( su*      
animus ^! prospectively subject peoples 
might /ill c>ry1 )\t !reby assur+ !     
defeat ( any su* plan1 w\ld 9 great     
measure dep5d on ! degree ( clem5cy or  
rigor ) :i* ! sup]ior au?ority might    
en=ce its rule4 ,x is n t a peace plan (
 ?is nature ne$ precisely be consid]$ to
 fall outside ! limits ( possibility1 on
 acc\nt ( ?is necess>y condition1 b x is
 at ! be/ a manife/ly d\btful matt]4    
,advocates ( a negotiat$ peace %\ld n   
fail to keep 9 m9d & make public t !    
plan :i* !y advocate c>ries ) x1 z a    
sequel or second>y phase1 su* an        
unconditional surr5d] & a consequ5t     
rgime ( non-resi/ance1 & t !re /ill is  

grave d\bt :e!r ! peoples ( ^! ,we/]n   
nations are at pres5t 9 a suffici5tly   
tol]ant frame ( m9d1 or c 9 ! calculable
 future come 9 = su* a tol]antly neutral
 attitude 9 po9t ( national pride1 z to 
submit 9 any passable fa%ion to any ali5
 ,imp]ial rule4  ,if ! spiritual        
difficulty pres5t$ by ?is preval5t _s ( 
national pride--suffici5tly /ubborn     
/ill1 h[ev] inane a conceit x may seem  
on sob] reflection--if ?is animus (     
factional insubord9ation c\ld be ov]come
 or 9 "s passable measure be conciliat$ 
or abat$1 !re is mu* to be said 9 favor 
( su* a plan ( peaceable submission to  
an extrane\s & arbitr>y au?ority1 &     
!re=e also = t plan ( negotiat$ peace by
 means ( :i* ev5ts w\ld be put 9 tra9 = 
its realisation4  ,any passably         
dispassionate consid]ation ( ! project$ 
rgime w come unavoidably to ! conclusion
 t ! prospectively subject peoples %\ld 
h no legitimate appreh5sion ( loss or   
disadvantage 9 ! mat]ial respect4 ,x is1
 ( c\rse1 easy = an unreflect+ p]son to 

jump to ! conclusion t subjection to an 
ali5 p[] mu/ br+ griev\s burd5s1 9 ! way
 ( taxes & simil> impositions4 ,b       
reflection w imm$iately %[ t no         
appreciable increase1 ov] ! economic    
burd5s already c>ri$ by ! populace "u _!
 sev]al national e/abli%m5ts1 c\ld come 
( su* a move4  ,z be>+ on ?is "q x is   
well to call to m9d t ! contemplat$     
imp]ial dom9ion is design$ to be v      
wide-rea*+ & ) v ample p[]s4 ,its ne>e/ 
hi/orical analogue1 ( c\rse1 is ! ,roman
 imp]ial dom9ion--9 ! days ( !          
,anton9es--& t ! ne>e/ analogue to !    
project$ ,g]man peace is ! ,roman peace1
 9 ! days ( its be/ security4 ,!re is e 
w>rant = ! presumption t ! contemplat$  
,imp]ial dom9ion is to be sub/antially  
all-inclusive4 ,inde$ !re is no /opp+   
place = ! project$ ent]prise %ort ( an  
all-inclusive dom9ion4 ,& !re w         
consequ5tly be no really m5ac+ outside  
p[] to be provid$ aga9/4 ,consequ5tly   
!re w be b little provision necess>y = !
 common def5se1 z comp>$1 e4g41 ) !     

aggregate ( su* provision f\nd necess>y 
= self-def5se on ! "p ( ! exi/+ nations 
act+ 9 sev]alty & ea* jeal\sly gu>d+ its
 own national integrity4 ,inde$1 comp>$ 
) ! burd5 ( competitive armam5t to :i* !
 peoples ( ,europe h be5 accu/om$1 ! ne$
 ( any arm$ =ce "u ! new rgime %\ld be  
an inconsid]able matt]1 ev5 :5 !re is   
add$ to ! necess>y modicum ( def5sive   
prep>ation ! m imp]ative & weighti]     
provision ( =ce ) :i* to keep ! peace at
 home4  ,into ! composition ( ?is       
necess>y modicum ( arm$ =ce slight if   
any cont+5ts ( m5 w\ld be drawn f !     
subject peoples1 = ! reason t no great  
numb]s w\ld be ne$$2 z also because no  
devot$ loyalty to ! dyna/y c\ld         
reasonably be look$ = among !m1 ev5 if  
no positive insecurity 7 felt to be     
involv$ 9 _! employm5t4 ,on ?is head !  
project$ s*eme unambigu\sly comm5ds     
itself z a measure ( economy1 bo? 9     
respect ( ! pecuni>y burd5s dem&$ & z   
reg>ds ! p]sonal annoyance ( milit>y    
s]vice4  ,z a fur!r c\nt1 x is to be    

presum$ t ! burd5 ( ! ,imp]ial gov]nm5t 
& its bureaucratic adm9i/ration--:at    
w\ld be call$ ! co/ ( ma9t5ance &       
repairs ( ! dyna/ic e/abli%m5t & its    
app>atus ( control--w\ld be borne by !  
subject peoples4 ,"h aga9 "o is w>rant$ 
9 look+ = a sub/antial economy to be    
effect$ by su* a c5tralis$ au?ority1 & a
 consequ5t light] aggregate burd5 on !  
subjects4 ,d\btless1 ! ov]head *>ges    
w\ld n be r$uc$ to _! practicable       
m9imum4 ,su* a gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5t1 ) 
its bureaucratic p]sonnel1 its civil li/
 & its privileg$ classes1 w\ld n be     
conduct$ on any?+ l a p>simoni\s foot+4 
,!re is no reason to appreh5d any t\* ( 
mode/y 9 ! exactions ( su* a dyna/ic    
e/abli%m5t = itself or 9 behalf ( its   
und]ly+ hi]>*y ( g5tlefolk4  ,!re is    
also to be c\nt$ 91 9 ! concrete in/ance
 on :i* ! argum5t "h turns1 a m or less 
consid]able burd5 ( contributions t[>d !
 ma9t5ance & augm5tation ( t culture t  
has be5 ! topic ( s _m encomiums4 ,at   
?is po9t x %\ld be recall$ t x is !     

patt]n ( ,p]iclean ,a!ns t is cont9ually
 9 m9d 9 ^! encomiums4 ,:i* br+s up1 9  
?is imm$iate connection1 ! deal+s (     
,p]iclean ,a!ns ) ! funds ( ! ,league1 &
 ! s\rce z well z ! de/9ation ( ^!      
surplus funds4 ,out ( x all came ! works
 on ! ,acropolis1 toge!r ) mu* else (   
intellectual & arti/ic life t conv]g$ ^u
 & radiat$ f ?is ,a!nian c5t] ( culture4
 ,! vi/a ( ,d5kml] t s op5s to ! vision 
( a c\rage\s fancy is 9 itself su* a    
sub/ance ( ?+s hop$ = z %\ld /ir ! he>t 
( all humane p]sons4#h ,! co/ ( ?is     
subv5tion ( ,culture w\ld d\btless be   
appreciable1 b ^? grave m5 :o h sp5t mo/
 ?\ght on ?is prospective cultural ga9  
to be _h f ! project$ ,imp]ial rule     
appe> to ent]ta9 no d\bt z to its be+   
wor? all t x w\ld co/4  ,footnote #h3   
,d5k 'mall  ,any "o :o is incl9$ to rate
 ! prospective pecuni>y co/s & losses   
high w\ld d\btless be able to f9d v>i\s 
& sundry items ( m9or importance to add 
to ?is %ort li/ ( g5]al categories on ! 
side ( co/2 b su* additional items1 n   

fairly to be includ$ "u ^! g5]al        
captions1 w\ld aft] all be ( m9or       
importance1 9 ! aggregate or 9 detail1 &
 w\ld n appreciably affect ! gr& balance
 ( pecuni>y pr(it & loss to be tak5     
acc\nt ( 9 any appraisal ( ! project$   
,imp]ial rgime4 ,!re %\ld evid5tly be   
little gr\nd to appreh5d t its          
in/allation w\ld entail a net loss or a 
net increase ( pecuni>y burd5s4 ,!re is1
 ( c\rse1 ! ill-def9$ & sc>cely def9able
 item ( exp5diture "u ! g5]al head (    
,g5tility1 ,dignity1 ,di/9ction1        
,magnific5ce1 or :atev] t]m may seem    
suitable to designate t consumption (   
goods & s]vices t goes to ma9ta9 ! high 
repute ( ! ,c\rt & to keep ! und]ly+    
g5tlefolk 9 c\nt5ance4 ,9 its pecuni>y  
incid5ce ?is l9e ( 7necess>y7 exp5diture
 belongs "u ! rubric ( ,conspicu\s      
,wa/e2 & "o w always h to face !        
disquiet+ flexibility ( ?is item (      
exp5diture4 ,! consumptive dem& ( ?is   
k9d is 9 an em95t degree indef9itely    
ext5sible1 z ! phras+ ( ! economi/s w\ld

 h x1 & z v>i\s hi/orical in/ances (    
c\rtly spl5dor & fa%ionable magnific5ce 
w abundantly sub/antiate4 ,!re is a     
con/ant proclivity to advance ?is       
conv5tional /&>d ( liv+ to ! limit set  
by ! available means2 & yet ^!          
conv5tional necessities w ord9>ily n1 9 
! aggregate1 take up all ! available    
means2 al?\gh n[ & aga91 z "u ! ,anci5  
,rgime1 & p]haps 9 ,imp]ial ,rome1 !    
/&>d ( spl5did liv+ may also exce$ !    
curr5t means 9 h& & lead to impov]i%m5t 
( ! und]ly+ community4  ,an analysis ( !
 circum/ances gov]n+ ?is flexibility ( !
 conv5tional /&>d ( liv+ & ( pecuni>y   
magnific5ce c n be gone into "h4 ,9 !   
case "u consid]ation x w h to be left z 
an indet]m9ate b consid]able item 9 !   
burd5 ( co/ :i* ! project$ ,imp]ial rule
 may be c\nt$ on to impose on ! und]ly+ 
peoples4 ,! co/ ( ! ,imp]ial c\rt1      
nobility1 & civil s]vice1 !re=e1 w\ld be
 a matt] ( e/imate1 on :i* no close     
agreem5t w\ld be expect$2 & yet1 "h z 9 
an e>li] connection1 x seems a          

reasonable expectation t suffici5t      
dignity & magnific5ce c\ld be put 9     
evid5ce by su* a l>ge-scale e/abli%m5t  
at a l[] aggregate co/ ?an ! aggregate (
 exp5ditures previ\sly incurr$ = ! l    
ends by v>i\s nations work+ 9 sev]alty &
 at cross purposes4  ,d\btless x w\ld be
 altoge!r a mi/ak5 view ( ?is production
 ( dignity by means ( a lavi% exp5diture
 on sup]fluities1 to believe t ! same   
pr9ciple ( economy %\ld apply "h z 0    
f\nd applicable 9 ! matt] ( armam5t =   
def5se4 ,) ! in/allation ( a collective 
national e/abli%m5t1 to include         
sub/antially all ! previ\sly compet+    
nations1 ! ne$ ( def5sive armam5t %\ld 9
 all reason decl9e to some?+ v          
inconsid]able inde$4 ,b x w\ld be ha/y  
to conclude t ) ! coalesc5ce ( ^!       
nations "u "o p>am\nt control ! ne$ (   
creat+ notoriety & pre/ige = ?is result+
 c5tral e/abli%m5t by ! consumption (   
decorative sup]fluities w\ld likewise   
decl9e4 ,! ne$ ( su* dignity &          
magnific5ce is only 9 "p1 p]haps a m9or 

"p1 ( a def5sive "*4 ,= ! great] "p1 no 
d\bt1 ! motive to ?is conspicu\sly      
wa/eful consumption is p]sonal vanity1 9
 ,imp]ial policy z well z 9 ! private   
life ( fa%ion1--or p]haps "o %\ld m     
def]5tially say t x is a c]ta9 range (  
consid]ations :i* w\ld be id5tifi$ z    
p]sonal vanity 9 case !y 7 met ) among  
m5 b5ea? ! ,imp]ial level4 ,& s f> z !  
creation ( ?is =m ( good-w by ?is mann] 
( adv]tis+ is traceable to su*1 or      
equival5t1 motives ( a p]sonal incid5ce1
 ! provocation to economy along ?is l9e 
w\ld presumably n be a notable factor 9 
! case4 ,& "o returns p]=ce to !        
pr9ciple already spok5 ( above1 t !     
consumptive ne$ ( sup]fluities is       
indef9itely ext5sible1 ) ! result+      
inf]5ce t no?+ conclusive is to be said 
z to ! prospective magnitude ( ?is item 
9 ! ,imp]ial bill ( exp5se1 or ( !      
consequ5t pecuni>y burd5s :i* x w\ld    
impose on ! und]ly+ peoples4         99 
99       99       99       99  ,s f> !  
argum5t has run on ! pecuni>y incid5ce (

 ?is project$ ,imp]ial dom9ion z x falls
 on ! und]ly+ community z a :ole1 ) no  
attempt to discrim9ate betwe5 ! div]g5t 
int]e/s ( ! diff]5t classes & conditions
 ( m5 t g to make up any mod]n          
community4 ,! "q 9 h& is a "q ( pecuni>y
 burd5s1 & !re=e ( ! pecuni>y int]e/s ( 
^! sev]al di/+ui%able classes or        
conditions ( m54 ,9 all ^! mod]n nations
 t n[ /& 9 ! article ( decision betwe5  
peace by submission or a d\btful &      
melan*oly alt]native1--9 all ( !m m5 are
 by /atute & cu/om inviolably equal be=e
 ! law1 ( c\rse2 !y are ungrad$ &       
ma/]less m5 be=e ! law4 ,b ^! same      
peoples are also alike 9 ! respect t    
pecuni>y duties & obligations among !m  
are simil>ly sacr$ & inviolable "u !    
dispassionate f9d+s ( ! law4 ,?is       
pecuni>y equality is1 9 effect1 an      
imp]sonal equality betwe5 pecuni>y      
magnitudes2 f :i* x foll[s t ^! citiz5s 
( ! advanc$ nations are n ungrad$ m5 9 !
 pecuni>y respect2 nor are !y ma/]less1 
9 s f> z a great] pecuni>y =ce w always1

 "u ?is imp]sonal equality ( ! law1 /& 9
 a relation ( ma/]y t[>d a less] "o4    
,class di/9ctions1 except pecuni>y      
di/9ctions1 h fall5 away4 ,b all ^!     
mod]n nations are made up ( pecuni>y    
classes1 diff]+ f "o ano!r by m9ute     
gradations 9 ! m>g9al cases1 b fall+1   
aft] all1 & 9 ! l>ge1 into two broadly &
 securely di/+ui%able pecuni>y          
categories3 ^? :o h m & ^? :o h less4   
,/ati/icians h be5 at pa9s to asc]ta9 t 
a relatively v small num]ical m9ority ( 
! citiz5s 9 ^! mod]n nations own all b a
 relatively v small proportion ( !      
aggregate weal? 9 ! c\ntry4 ,s t x      
appe>s q safe to say t 9 su* a c\ntry z 
,am]ica1 e4g41 some?+ less ?an t5 p]c5t 
( ! inhabitants own some?+ m ?an n9ety  
p]c5t ( ! c\ntry's weal?4 ,x w\ld       
sc>cely be a wild ov]/ra9+ ( its        
practical mean+ to say t ?is population 
is made up ( two classes3 ^? :o own !   
c\ntry's weal?1 & ^? :o d n4 ,9 /rict   
accuracy1 z be=e ! law1 ?is             
*>act]isation w n hold2 :]eas 9         

practical effect1 x is a suffici5tly    
close approximation4 ,?is latt] class1  
:o h sub/antially no o!r ?an a fanci$   
pecuni>y int]e/ 9 ! nation's mat]ial    
=tunes1 are ! category (t5 spok5 ( z ,! 
,common ,man4 ,x is n necess>y1 nor is x
 desir$1 to f9d a correspond+           
designation = ! o!r category1 ^? :o own4
  ,! articulate recognition ( ?is       
division into contra/$ pecuni>y classes 
or conditions1 ) correspond+ly 7at lea/ 
pot5tially7 div]g5t pecuni>y int]e/s1   
ne$ imply no degree ( approval or       
disapproval ( ! arrangem5t :i* is s     
recognis$4 ,! recognition ( x is        
necess>y to a p]spicu\s control ( !     
argum5t1 z be>s on ! possible sy/ematic 
& inh]5t discrepancy among ^! m5 9      
respect ( _! mat]ial int]e/s "u !       
project$ ,imp]ial rule4 ,sub/antially1 x
 is a di/9ction betwe5 ^? :o h & ^? :o h
 n1 & 9 a "q ( prospective pecuni>y loss
 ! man :o has no?+ to lose is diff]5tly 
plac$ f ! "o :o has4 ,x w\ld p]haps seem
 flippant1 & possibly lack+ 9 ! c\rtesy 

due "o's prospective "l p>am\nt1 to say 
) ! poet1 ,cantabit vacuus coram latrone
 viator4  ,b ! :ole case is n s simple4 
,x is only s long z ! project$ pecuni>y 
inroad is conceiv$ z a simple           
seque/ration ( weal? 9 h&1 t su* a      
*>act]isation c be made to s]ve4 ,!     
,imp]ial aim is n a pass+ act ( pillage1
 b a p]petual usufruct2 & ! :ole "q     
takes on a diff]5t & m complex %ape :5 x
 s t\*es ! endur+ conditions ( life &   
livelihood4 ,! citiz5 :o has no?+1 or :o
 has no capitalisable s\rce ( une>n$    
income1 yet has a pecuni>y int]e/ 9 a   
livelihood to be ga9$ f day to day1 & he
 is yet vuln]able 9 ! pecuni>y respect 9
 t 8 livelihood may ) ! utmo/ facility  
be laid "u contribution by v>i\s &      
sundry well-tri$ contrivances4 ,inde$1 !
 common man :o dep5ds = 8 livelihood on 
8 daily e>n+s is 9 a m imm$iately       
prec>i\s position ?an ^? :o h some?+    
appreciable laid up aga9/ a ra9y day1 9 
! %ape ( a capitalis$ s\rce ( income4   
,only t x is /ill d\btful if 8 position 

is prec>i\s 9 su* a fa%ion z to lay him 
op5 to a notable increase ( h>d%ip1 or  
to loss ( ! am5ities ( life1 9 ! same   
relative degree z 8 well-to-d neighb\r4 
,9 po9t ( fact x may well be d\bt$ if   
?is common man has any?+ to appreh5d 9 !
 way ( add$ h>d%ip or loss ( creature   
com=ts "u ! contemplat$ rgime ( ,imp]ial
 tutelage4 ,he w\ld presumably f9d      
himself 9 a prec>i\s case "u ! arbitr>y 
& irresponsible au?ority ( an ali5 ma/] 
work+ ?r\gh an ali5 ma/] class4 ,! d\bt 
:i* pres5ts itself is z to :e!r ?is     
common man w\ld be m prec>i\sly plac$1  
or w\ld come 9 = a l>g] & sur] sum ( h>d
 usage & scant liv+1 "u ?is project$    
ord] ( ?+s1 ?an :at he already is expos$
 to 9 8 pecuni>y relations ) 8 well-to-d
 compatriots "u ! curr5t sy/em ( law &  
ord]4  ,"u ?is curr5t rgime ( law &     
ord]1 accord+ to ! equitable pr9ciples (
 ,natural ,rights1 ! man )\t means has  
no pecuni>y rights :i* 8 well-to-d      
pecuni>y ma/] is b\nd to respect4 ,?is  
may h be5 an un9t5d$1 z x d\btless 0 an 

un=ese51 outcome ( ! move out (         
feudalism & prescriptive rights &       
immunities1 into ! sy/em ( individual   
lib]ty & manhood fran*ise2 b z commonly 
happ5s 9 case ( any sub/antial *ange 9 !
 s*eme ( in/itutional arrangem5ts1      
un=ese5 consequ5ces come 9 along ) ^? t 
h be5 int5d$4 ,9 t p]iod ( hi/ory :5    
,we/]n ,europe 0 ga!r+ t exp]i5ce out ( 
:i* ! curr5t habitual s*eme ( law & ord]
 has come1 ! "r ( prop]ty & free        
contract 0 a complem5t & safegu>d to t  
individual initiative & ma/]less        
equality ( m5 = :i* ! spokesm5 ( ! new  
era cont5d$4 ,t x is no long] s at e    
turn1 or ev5 9 ! ma91 9 lat] "t1 is 9   
great "p due to *anges ( ! pecuni>y     
ord]1 t h come on s9ce !n1 & t seem n to
 h ca/ _! %ad[ be=e4  ,9 all good fai?1 
& ) none b inconsequ5tial res]vations1 !
 mat]ial =tunes ( mod]n civilis$        
m5--toge!r ) mu* else--h s be5 plac$ on 
a pecuni>y foot+1 ) little to safegu>d  
!m at any po9t except ! inali5able "r ( 
pecuni>y self-direction & initiative1 9 

an environm5t :]e virtually all !       
indisp5sable means ( pecuni>y           
self-direction & initiative are 9 ! h&s 
( t contract$ category ( own]s spok5 (  
above4 ,a num]ical m9ority--"u t5 p]c5t 
( ! population--con/itutes a conclusive 
pecuni>y majority--ov] n9ety p]c5t ( !  
means--"u a sy/em ( law & ord] t turns  
on ! inali5able "r ( own]s to dispose ( 
! means 9 h& z may suit _! conv5i5ce &  
pr(it1--always b>r+ rec\rse to illegal  
=ce or fraud4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a v       
appreciable m>g9 ( legal rec\rse to =ce 
& ( legally protect$ fraud available 9  
case ( ne$4 ,( c\rse ! exp$i5ts "h      
ref]r$ to z legally available =ce &     
fraud 9 ! def5se ( pecuni>y rights & !  
pursuit ( pecuni>y ga9 are n =ce & fraud
 de jure b only de facto4 ,!y are fur!r1
 & well kn[n1 illu/rations ( h[ !       
ult]ior consequ5ces ( giv5 in/itutional 
arrangem5ts & giv5 conv5tionalis$       
pr9ciples 7habits ( ?\ght7 ( conduct may
 9 "t come to run at cross purposes ) ! 
initial purpose t l$ to ! acceptance (  

^! in/itutions & to ! confirmation &    
/&>disation ( ^! habitual norms (       
conduct4 ,= ! "t be+1 h[ev]1 !y are     
fundam5tally & et]nally "r & good4  ,be+
 a pecuni>y majority--:at may be call$ a
 majority ( ! corporate /ock--( !       
nation1 x is also fundam5tally &        
et]nally "r & good t ! pecuni>y int]e/s 
( ! own]s ( ! mat]ial means ( life %\ld 
rule unabat$ 9 all ^? matt]s ( public   
policy t t\* on ! mat]ial =tunes ( !    
community at l>ge4 ,b>r+ a slight &     
int]mitt5t mutt] ( discont5t1 ?is       
arrangem5t has also ! cordial approval (
 popul> s5tim5t 9 ^! mod]n democratic   
nations4 ,"o ne$ only recall ! p>am\nt  
importance :i* is popul>ly atta*$ to !  
ma9t5ance & ext5sion ( ! nation's       
trade--= ! use ( ! inve/ors--or !       
p]petuation ( a protective t>iff--= !   
use ( ! protect$ bus9ess conc]ns--or1   
aga91 ! scrupul\s reg>d ) :i* su* a body
 ( public s]vants z ! ,int]/ate ,comm]ce
 ,commission w safegu>d ! legitimate    
claim ( ! railway companies to a        

reasonable rate ( e>n+s on ! capitalis$ 
value ( ! presum$ e>n+-capacity ( _!    
prop]ty4         99       99       99   
99       99  ,aga91 9 view ( !          
unaccu/om$ fre$om ) :i* x is "h necess>y
 to speak ( ^! delicate matt]s1 x may be
 9 place to disclaim all int5tion to    
criticise ! e/abli%$ arrangem5ts on _!  
m]its z details ( public policy4 ,all t 
comes 9 "q "h1 t\*+ ^! & ! l features ( 
! e/abli%$ law & ord]1 is ! be>+ ( all  
?is on ! mat]ial =tunes ( ! common man  
"u ! curr5t rgime1 z contra/$ ) :at he  
w\ld reasonably h to look = "u !        
project$ rgime ( ,imp]ial tutelage t    
w\ld come 91 consequ5t ^u ?is national  
surr5d] to ,imp]ial dom9ion4         99 
99       99       99       99  ,9 ^!    
democratic c\ntries public policy is    
guid$ prim>ily by consid]ations (       
bus9ess exp$i5cy1 & ! adm9i/ration1 z   
well z ! legislative p[]1 is 9 ! h&s (  
bus9essm51 *os5 av[$ly on ! gr\nd ( _!  
bus9esslike pr9ciples & ability4 ,!re is
 no p[] 9 su* a community t c ov]-rule !

 exig5cies ( bus9ess1 nor w\ld popul>   
s5tim5t c\nt5ance any ex]cise ( p[] t   
%\ld trav]se ^! exig5cies1 or t w\ld act
 to re/ra9 trade or disc\rage ! pursuit 
( ga94 ,an app>5t exception to ! rule   
occurs 9 w>time1 :5 milit>y exig5cies   
may ov]-rule ! curr5t dem&s ( bus9ess   
traffic2 b ! exception is 9 great "p    
only app>5t1 9 t ! w>like op]ations are 
und]tak5 9 :ole or 9 "p ) a view to !   
protection or ext5sion ( bus9ess        
traffic4  ,national surveillance &      
regulation ( bus9ess traffic 9 ^!       
c\ntries hi!rto1 ev] s9ce & 9 s f> z !  
mod]n democratic ord] ( ?+s has tak5    
effect1 has uni=mly be5 ( ! nature (    
int]f]5ce ) trade & inve/m5t 9 behalf ( 
! nation's m]cantile community at l>ge1 
z se5 9 port & %ipp+ regulations & 9 !  
consul> s]vice1 or 9 behalf ( p>ticul>  
favor$ gr\ps or classes ( bus9ess       
conc]ns1 z 9 protective t>iffs &        
subsidies4 ,9 all ?is national managem5t
 ( pecuni>y affairs1 "u mod]n democratic
 pr9ciples1 ! common man comes into !   

case only z raw mat]ial ( bus9ess       
traffic1--z consum] or z labor]4 ,he is 
"o ( ! indu/rial ag5cies by use ( :i* ! 
bus9essman :o employs him supplies      
himself ) goods = ! m>ket1 or he is "o (
 ! units ( consumptive dem& t make up   
?is m>ket 9 :i* ! bus9ess man sells 8   
goods1 & s realises on 8 inve/m5t4 ,he  
is1 ( c\rse1 free1 "u mod]n pr9ciples ( 
! democratic ord]1 to deal or n to deal 
) ?is bus9ess community1 :e!r z labor]  
or z consum]1 or z small-scale produc]  
engag$ 9 purvey+ mat]ials or s]vices on 
t]ms def9$ by ! community ( bus9ess     
int]e/s engag$ on s l>ge a scale z to   
c\nt 9 _! det]m9ation4 ,t is to say1 he 
is free de jure to take or leave ! t]ms 
(f]$4 ,de facto he is only free to take 
!m--) inconsequ5tial exceptions--!      
alt]native be+ obsolesc5ce by disuse1 n 
to *oose a h>%] "n = a di/a/eful        
ev5tuality4  ,! g5]al gr\nd on :i* !    
bus9ess sy/em1 z x works "u ! ov]-rul+  
exig5cies ( ! s-call$ big bus9ess1 s    
def9es ! t]ms ( life = ! common man1 :o 

works & buys1 is ! gr\nd af=d$ by !     
pr9ciple ( *>g+ :at ! traffic w be>2 t  
is to say1 fix+ ! t]ms ( hir+1 buy+ &   
sell+ at su* a figure z w yield ! l>ge/ 
net return to ! bus9ess conc]ns 9 :om1  
collectively or 9 sev]alty1 ! discretion
 ve/s4 ,discretion 9 ^! premises does n 
ve/ 9 any bus9ess conc]n t does n       
articulate ) ! sy/em ( big bus9ess1 or t
 does n dispose ( res\rces suffici5t to 
make x a =midable memb] ( ! sy/em4 ,:e!r
 ^! conc]ns act 9 sev]alty or by        
collusion & conspiracy1 9 s def9+ !     
pecuni>y t]ms ( life = ! community at   
l>ge1 is sub/antially an idle "q1 s f> z
 be>s on ! mat]ial int]e/ ( ! common    
man4 ,! base-l9e is /ill :at ! traffic w
 be>1 & x is /ill adh]$ to1 s ne>ly z ! 
human infirmity ( ! discretion>y capta9s
 ( indu/ry w admit1 :e!r ! due          
approximation to ?is base-l9e is rea*$  
by a process ( competitive bidd+ or by  
collusive advisem5t4  ,! g5]alisation s 
(f]$1 t\*+ ! mat]ial conditions ( life =
 ! common man "u ! mod]n rule ( big     

bus9ess1 may seem unw>rantably broad4 ,x
 may be wor? :ile to take note ( m ?an  
"o po9t 9 qualification ( x1 *iefly to  
avoid ! appe>ance ( hav+ ov]look$ any ( 
! mat]ial circum/ances ( ! case4 ,!     
sy/em ( l>ge bus9ess1 work+ its mat]ial 
consequ5ces ?r\gh ! sy/em ( l>ge-scale  
indu/ry1 b m p>ticul>ly by way ( !      
l>ge-scale & wide-rea*+ bus9ess ( trade 
9 ! prop] s5se1 draws into ! net ( its  
control all p>ts ( ! community & all its
 inhabitants1 9 "s degree ( dep5d5ce4 ,b
 !re is always1 hi!rto1 an appreciable  
fraction ( ! inhabitants--z1 e4g41      
outly+ agricultural sections t are 9 a  
backw>d /ate--:o are by no means closely
 b\nd 9 ! ord]ly sy/em ( bus9ess1 or    
closely dep5d5t on ! m>kets4 ,!y may be 
said to enjoy a degree ( indep5d5ce1 by 
virtue ( _! =ego+ z mu* z may be ( !    
advantages (f]$ by mod]n indu/rial      
specialisation4 ,s also !re are ! m9or &
 int]/itial trades t are /ill c>ri$ on  
by h&icraft me?ods2 ^!1 too1 are /ill   
some:at loosely held 9 ! fabric ( !     

bus9ess sy/em4 ,!re is "o ?+ & ano!r 9  
?is way to be tak5 acc\nt ( 9 any       
exhau/ive survey1 b ! acc\nt+ = !m w    
aft] all am\nt to no?+ bett] ?an a      
glean+ ( remnants & p>tial exceptions1  
su* z w 9 no mat]ial degree d]ange !    
g5]al proposition 9 h&4  ,aga91 !re runs
 ?r\gh ! l5g? & bread? ( ?is bus9ess    
community a c]ta9 measure ( incompet5ce 
or ineffici5cy ( managem5t1 z se5 f !   
po9t ( view ( ! conceivable p]fect work+
 ( ! sy/em z a :ole4 ,x may be due to a 
slack att5tion "h & !re2 or to !        
exig5cies ( bus9ess /rategy :i* may     
con/ra9 giv5 bus9ess conc]ns to an      
occasional attitude ( wat*ful wait+ 9 ! 
hope ( cat*+ a rival (f 8 gu>d2 or to a 
lack ( p]fect mutual und]/&+ among !    
discretion>y bus9essm51 due sometimes to
 an ov]-c>eful gu>d+ ( trade secrets or 
advance in=mation2 or1 z also happ5s1 & 
q excusably1 to a lack ( p]fect mutual  
confid5ce among ^! bus9essm51 z to "o   
ano!r's entire good fai? or good-w4 ,!  
sy/em is aft] all a competitive "o1 9 ! 

s5se t ea* ( ! discretion>y directors ( 
bus9ess is work+ = 8 own pecuni>y ga91  
:e!r 9 coop]ation ) 8 fell[s or n4 ,an  
hone/ man w be> wat*+4 ,z 9 o!r         
collusive organisations = ga91          
conf$]ates are apt to fall out :5 x     
comes to a division ( :at is 9 h&4 ,9 "o
 way & ano!r ! sy/em is beset ) inh]5t  
infirmities1 :i* h9d] its p]fect "w2 & 9
 s f> x w fall %ort ( ! full realisation
 ( t rule ( bus9ess t inculcates *>g+   
:at ! traffic w be>1 & also 9 s f> !    
pressure :i* ! mod]n sy/em ( bus9ess    
managem5t br+s to be> on ! common man w 
also fall %ort ( ! la/ /raw--p]haps ev5 
( ! next-to-!-la/4 ,aga9 x turns out to 
be a "q n ( ! failure ( ! g5]al         
proposition z =mulat$1 b r z to !       
clos5ess ( approximation to its         
!oretically p]fect "w4 ,x may be rem>k$ 
by ! way t vigilant & imp>tial          
surveillance ( ?is sy/em ( bus9ess      
ent]prise by an ext]nal au?ority int]e/$
 only 9 aggregate results1 r ?an 9 !    
diff]5tial ga9s ( ! int]e/$ individuals1

 might hopefully be c\nt$ on to correct 
"s ( ^! %ortcom+s :i* ! sy/em %[s :5    
runn+ loose "u ! guidance ( its own     
multif>i\s inc5tives4  ,on ! opposite   
side ( ! acc\nt1 x is also wor? not+ t1 
:ile mod]n bus9ess managem5t may n[ &   
aga9 fall %ort ( :at ! traffic w be>1 x 
happ5s m commonly t its exactions w     
exce$ t limit4 ,?is w p>ticul>ly be true
 9 bus9essm5's deal+s ) hir$ lab\r1 z   
also & p]haps ) equally f>-rea*+        
consequ5ces 9 an excessive rec\rse to   
sophi/ications & adult]ants & an        
excessively p>simoni\s provision = !    
safety1 heal? or com=t ( _! cu/om]s--z1 
e4g41 9 pass5g] traffic by rail1 wat] or
 tramway4 ,! discrepancy to :i* att5tion
 is invit$ "h is due to a discrepancy   
betwe5 bus9ess exp$i5cy1 t is exp$i5cy =
 ! purpose ( ga9 by a giv5 bus9essman1  
on ! "o h&1 & s]viceability to ! common 
good1 on ! o!r h&4 ,! bus9ess conc]n's  
int]e/ 9 ! traffic 9 :i* x engages is a 
%ort-t]m int]e/1 or an int]e/ 9 !       
%ort-t]m returns1 z contra/$ ) !        

long-t]m or endur+ int]e/ :i* !         
community at l>ge has 9 ! public s]vice 
ov] :i* any su* giv5 bus9ess conc]n     
disposes4 ,! bus9ess inc5tive is t af=d$
 by ! prospective net pecuni>y ga9 f !  
traffic1 sub/antially an int]e/ 9       
pr(itable sales2 :ile ! community at    
l>ge1 or ! common man t goes to make up 
su* a community1 has a mat]ial int]e/ 9 
?is traffic only z reg>ds ! s]vices     
r5d]$ & ! endur+ effects t foll[ f x4   
,! bus9essman has n1 or at lea/ is      
commonly n influ5c$ by1 any int]e/ 9 !  
ult]ior consequ5ces ( ! transactions 9  
:i* he is imm$iately engag$4 ,?is appe>s
 to hold true 9 an acc5tuat$ degree 9 ! 
doma9 ( t l>ge-scale bus9ess t draws its
 ga9s f ! l>ge-scale mod]n indu/ry & is 
manag$ on ! mod]n foot+ ( corporation   
f9ance4 ,?is mod]n fa%ion ( bus9ess     
organisation & managem5t app>5tly has l$
 to a sub/antial %ort5+ ( ! t]m ov] :i* 
any giv5 inve/or ma9ta9s an effective   
int]e/ 9 any giv5 corporate ent]prise1 9
 :i* 8 inve/m5ts may be plac$ = ! "t    

be+4 ,) ! curr5t practice ( organis+    
indu/rial & m]cantile ent]prises on a   
basis ( v5dible securities1 & ) ! ne>ly 
complete exemption f p]sonal            
responsibility & endur+ p]sonal atta*m5t
 to any "o corporate ent]prise :i* ?is  
f9ancial exp$i5t has br\ght1 x has come 
ab\t t 9 ! common run ( cases ! inve/or1
 z well z ! directorate1 9 any giv5     
ent]prise1 has an int]e/ only = ! "t    
be+4 ,! av]age t]m ov] :i* x is         
7pecuni>ily7 incumb5t on ! mod]n        
bus9essman to take acc\nt ( ! work+ (   
any giv5 ent]prise has %ort5$ s f> t !  
old-fa%ion$ acc\ntability1 t once 0     
dep5d$ on to dictate a sane & consid]ate
 managem5t ) a view to p]man5t good-w1  
has 9 great measure become inop]ative4  
,by & l>ge1 x seems unavoidable t !     
pecuni>y int]e/s ( ! bus9essm5 on ! "o  
h& & ! mat]ial int]e/s ( ! community on 
! o!r h& are div]g+ 9 a m & m pron\nc$  
degree1 due to in/itutional circum/ances
 ov] :i* no prompt control c be _h )\t  
imm$iate violation ( t s*eme ( p]sonal  

rights 9 :i* ! con/itution ( mod]n      
democratic society is gr\nd$4 ,! qu&>y 9
 :i* ^! communities f9d !mselves1 z an  
outcome ( _! entrance ^u ! simple &     
obvi\s sy/em ( ,natural ,lib]ty1 is %[n 
9 a l>ge & in/ructive way by :at is     
call$ labor tr\ble1 & 9 a m recondite b 
no less conv9c+ fa%ion by ! =tunes ( !  
individual workman "u ! mod]n sy/em4  ,!
 co/ ( production ( a mod]n workman has 
con/antly increas$1 ) ! advance ( !     
indu/rial arts4 ,! p]iod ( prep>ation1 (
 education & tra9+1 necess>y to turn out
 compet5t workm51 has be5 increas+2 & ! 
p]iod ( full workmanlike effici5cy has  
be5 %ort5+1 9 ^? indu/ries t employ !   
delicate & exact+ processes ( ! mod]n   
te*nology4 ,! %ort5+ ( ?is work+-life ( 
! workman is due bo? to a l5g!n+ ( !    
necess>y p]iod ( prep>ation1 & to ! dem&
 ( ^! processes = s full a use ( !      
workman's =ces t ev5 ! beg9n+ ( s5esc5ce
 w c\nt z a s]i\s disability1--9 _m     
occupations z a fatal disability4 ,x is 
also a well asc]ta9$ fact t effectual   

old age w be br\ght on at an e>li] p]iod
 by ov]work2 ov]work %ort5s ! work+     
life-"t ( ! workman4 ,?or\gh spe$+-up   
7,sci5tific ,managem5t87 w unduly %ort5 
?is work+ life-"t1 & s x may1 some:at   
readily1 result 9 an uneconomical       
consumption ( ! community's man-p[]1 by 
consum+ ! workm5 at a high] rate ( spe$1
 a high] pressure1 ) a m rapid rate (   
det]ioration1 ?an w\ld give ! l>ge/ net 
output ( product p] unit ( man-p[]      
available1 or p] unit ( co/ ( production
 ( su* man-p[]4  ,on ?is head ! guid+   
inc5tives ( ! bus9essman & ! mat]ial    
int]e/ ( ! community at l>ge--n to speak
 ( ! selfi% int]e/ ( ! individual       
workman--are sy/ematically at v>iance4  
,! co/ ( production ( workm5 does n fall
 on ! bus9ess conc]n :i* employs !m1 at 
lea/ n 9 su* def9ite fa%ion z to make x 
appe> t ! giv5 bus9ess conc]n or        
bus9essman has a mat]ial int]e/ 9 !     
economical consumption ( ! man-p[]      
embodi$ 9 ?is giv5 body ( employees4 ,"s
 slight & exceptional qualification (   

?is /atem5t is to be not$1 9 ^? cases   
:]e ! processes 9 use are su* z to      
require special tra9+1 n to be _h except
 by a work+ habituation to ^! processes 
9 ! p>ticul> indu/rial plant 9 "q4 ,s f>
 z su* special tra9+1 to be _h only z   
employees ( ! giv5 conc]n1 is a necess>y
 "p ( ! workman's equipm5t = ?is        
p>ticul> "w1 s f> ! giv5 employ] be>s a 
%>e & an int]e/ 9 ! co/ ( production ( !
 workm5 employ$2 & s f>1 !re=e1 !       
employ] has also a pecuni>y int]e/ 9 !  
economical use ( 8 employees2 :i*       
usually %[s itself 9 ! way ( "s special 
precautions be+ tak5 to prev5t !        
dep>ture ( ^! workm5 s long z !re is a  
cle> pecuni>y loss involv$ 9 replac+ !m 
) m5 :o h n yet _h ! special tra9+      
requir$4 ,evid5tly ?is qualify+         
consid]ation cov]s no great proportion (
 ! aggregate man-p[] consum$ 9 indu/rial
 ent]prises "u bus9ess managem5t4 ,&    
ap>t f ! in/ances1 ess5tially           
exceptional1 :]e su* a special          
consid]ation comes 91 ! bus9essm5 9 *>ge

 w1 q excusably z ?+s g1 endeav\r to    
consume ! man-p[] ( :i* !y dispose 9 !  
p]sons ( _! employees1 n at ! rate t    
w\ld be mo/ economical to ! community at
 l>ge1 9 view ( ! co/ ( _! replacem5t1  
nor at su* a rate z w\ld be/ suit ! ta/e
 or ! viability ( ! p>ticul> workman1 b 
at su* a rate z w yield ! l>ge/ net     
pecuni>y ga9 to ! employ]4  ,!re is on  
record an illu/rative1 & inde$ an       
illu/ri\s1 in/ance ( su* cannily ga9ful 
consumption ( man-p[] c>ri$ out         
sy/ematically & ) consi/5tly pr(itable  
effect 9 "o ( ! /aple indu/ries ( !     
c\ntry4 ,9 ?is typical1 ?\gh            
exceptionally ?or\ghgo+ & lucrative     
ent]prise1 ! set rule ( ! managem5t 01  
to employ none b select workm51 9 ea*   
respective l9e ( "w2 to procure su*     
select workm5 & reta9 !m by (f]+ wages  
slightly ov] ! ord9>y /&>d2 to "w !m at 
! highe/ pace & pressure atta9able ) su*
 a pick$ body2 & to dis*>ge !m on ! fir/
 appe>ance ( ag+ or ( fail+ p[]s4 ,9 !  
rules ( ! managem5t 0 also includ$ !    

negative proviso t ! conc]n assum$ no   
responsibility = ! subsequ5t =tunes (   
dis*>g$ workm51 9 ! way ( p5sion1       
insurance or ! l4  ,?is ent]prise 0     
highly successful & exce$+ly pr(itable1 
ev5 beyond ! high av]age ( pr(its among 
ent]prises 9 ! same l9e ( bus9ess4 ,out 
( x came "o ( ! great] & m illu/ri\s    
=tunes t h be5 accumulat$ dur+ ! pa/    
c5tury2 a =tune :i* has enabl$ "o ( !   
mo/ impressive & mo/ graci\s ( ?is      
g5]ation's _m impressive philan?ropi/s1 
nev] we>y 9 well-do+2 b :o1 ?r\gh ?is   
cannily ga9ful consumption ( man-p[]1   
has be5 plac$ 9 ! s+ul> position ( be+  
unable1 9 spite ( av[$ly unremitt+      
endeav\r1 to pu% 8 cont9u$ disbursem5ts 
9 ! s]vice ( humanity up to ! figure ( 8
 curr5t income4 ,! case 9 "q is "o ( !  
mo/ m]itori\s kn[n to ! records ( mod]n 
bus9ess1 & :ile x w conv5i5tly s]ve to  
illu/rate _m an o!r1 & p]haps m         
consequ5tial tru? come to realisation 9 
! m>* ( ,triumphant ,democracy1 x w also
 s]ve to %[ ! ga9fulness ( an unres]v$ly

 canny consumption ( man-p[] ) an eye   
s+le to "o's own net ga9 9 t]ms ( money4
         99       99       99       99  
99  ,evid5tly ?is is a po9t 9 !         
articulation ( ! mod]n economic sy/em   
:]e a suffici5tly ru?less outside       
au?ority1 n actuat$ by a prim>y reg>d = 
! pecuni>y int]e/s ( ! employ]s1 might  
conceivably ) good effect en=ce a m     
economical consumption ( ! c\ntry's     
man-p[]4 ,x is n a matt] on :i* "o      
pref]s to dwell1 b x c d no h>m to take 
note ( ! fact = once 9 a way1 t ^!      
sev]al national e/abli%m5ts ( !         
democratic ord]1 z !y are n[ organis$ & 
adm9i/]$1 d some:at uni=mly & p]vasively
 op]ate ) an effectual view to !        
advantage ( a class1 s f> z may         
plausibly be done4 ,!y are controll$ by 
& adm9i/]$ 9 behalf ( ^? elem5ts ( !    
population t1 = ! purpose 9 h&1 make up 
a s+le loose-knit class1--! class t     
lives by income r ?an by "w4 ,x may be  
call$ ! class ( ! bus9ess int]e/s1 or ( 
capital1 or ( g5tlem54 ,x all comes to  

mu* ! same1 = ! purpose 9 h&4  ,! po9t 9
 speak+ ( ?is cont+5t ^: place 9 !      
economy ( human affairs x is to consume1
 or to own1 or to pursue a m>g9 ( pr(it1
 is simply t ( contra/+ ?is composite   
human cont+5t ) ! common man2 ^: numb]s 
acc\nt = "s n9e-t5?s or m ( ! community1
 :ile 8 class acc\nts = some?+ less ?an 
"o-t5? ( ! inve/$ weal?1 & appreciably  
less ?an t proportion ( ! discretion>y  
national e/abli%m5t1--! gov]nm5t1       
national or local1 c\rts1 attorneys1    
civil s]vice1 diplomatic & consul>1     
milit>y & naval4 ,! arrangem5t may be   
call$ a g5tlem5's gov]nm5t1 if "o w\ld r
 h x t way2 b a g5tleman is necess>ily  
"o :o lives on free income f inve/$     
weal?--)\t su* a s\rce ( free1 t is to  
say une>n$1 income he becomes a decay$  
g5tleman4 ,aga91 pu%+ ! phras+ back a   
/ep f>!r t[>d ! gr\nd facts1 !re are ^? 
:o w\ld speak ( ! curr5t e/abli%m5ts z  
capitali/ic2 b ?is t]m is out ( l9e 9 t 
x fails to t\* ! human elem5t 9 ! case1 
& in/itutions1 su* z gov]nm5tal         

e/abli%m5ts & _! function+1 are aft] all
 no?+ b ! accu/om$ ways & means ( human 
behavi\r2 s t capitali/ic becomes a     
synonym = bus9essm5's gov]nm5t s soon z 
x is designat$ 9 t]ms ( ! driv+         
inc5tives & ! p]sonnel4 ,x is an        
organisation _h ) a view to ! ne$s (    
bus9ess 7i4e4 pecuni>y7 ent]prise1 & is 
made up ( bus9essm5 & g5tlem51 :i* comes
 to mu* ! same1 s9ce a g5tleman is only 
a bus9essman 9 ! second or "s lat]      
g5]ation4 ,except = ! slightly odi\s    
sugge/ion c>ri$ by ! phrase1 "o might   
aptly say t ! g5tleman1 9 ?is be>+1 is  
only a bus9essman gone to se$4  ,by &   
l>ge1 & tak+ ! matt] naively at ! simple
 face value ( ! mat]ial ga9 or loss     
involv$1 x %\ld seem some?+ ( an idle "q
 to ! common man :e!r 8 collective      
affairs are to be manag$ by a home-br$  
l9e ( bus9essm5 & _! successive filial  
g5]ations ( g5tlem51 ) a view to        
accel]ate ! velocity & increase ! volume
 ( competitive ga9 & competitive sp5d+1 
on ! "o h&1 or by an ali5 l9e (         

(ficials1 equally alo( f 8 common       
int]e/s1 & manag+ affairs ) a view to ! 
usufruct ( 8 productive p[]s 9 fur!rance
 ( ! ,imp]ial dom9ion4  ,n t ! good fai?
 or ! g5]\s int5tions ( ^! gov]nm5ts (  
g5tlem5 is que/ion$ or is 9 any degree  
que/ionable2 :at is "h spok5 ( is only !
 practical effect ( ! policies :i* !y   
pursue1 d\btless ) b5evol5t int5tions & 
well-plac$ complac5cy4 ,9 effect1 ?+s   
be+ z !y are today 9 ! civilis$ _w's    
indu/ry & trade1 x happ5s1 z 9 "s sort  
an un9t5d$ b all-inclusive accid5t1 t ! 
guidance ( affairs by bus9ess pr9ciples 
works at cross purposes ) ! mat]ial     
int]e/s ( ! common man4  ,s ungraceful a
 view ( ! sacr$ core ( ?is mod]n        
democratic organisation w ne$ :atev]    
evid5ce c be cit$ to keep x 9 c\nt5ance4
 ,!re=e indulg5ce is desir$ = "o fur!r  
c\nt 9 ?is di/a/eful recital (          
ineptitudes inh]5t 9 ?is in/itutional   
s*eme ( civilis$ life4 ,?is c\nt comes  
"u ! head ( :at may be call$ capitali/ic
 sabotage4 ,sabotage is employ$ to      

designate a wilful ret>dation1          
int]ruption or ob/ruction ( indu/ry by  
peaceable1 & ord9>ily by legally        
def5sible1 measures4 ,9 its pres5t      
application1 p>ticul>ly1 !re is no      
design to let ! t]m d5ote or ins9uate a 
rec\rse to any exp$i5ts or any l9e (    
conduct t is 9 any degree legally       
dubi\s1 or t is ev5 ( que/ionable       
legitimacy4  ,sabotage s und]/ood1 z n  
compris+ rec\rse to =ce or fraud1 is a  
necess>y & /aple exp$i5t ( bus9ess      
managem5t1 & its employm5t is gr\nd$ 9 !
 elem5t>y & indefeasible rights (       
own]%ip4 ,x is simply t ! bus9essman1 l 
any o!r own]1 is ve/$ ) ! "r freely to  
use or n to use 8 prop]ty = any giv5    
purpose4 ,8 decision1 = reasons ( 8 own1
 n to employ ! prop]ty at 8 disposal 9 a
 p>ticul> way at a p>ticul> "t1 is well 
& blamelessly )9 8 legitimate           
discretion1 "u ! rights ( prop]ty z     
univ]sally accept$ & def5d$ by mod]n    
nations4 ,9 ! p>ticul> in/ance ( !      
,am]ican nation he is protect$ 9 ?is "r 

by a con/itutional provision t he mu/ n 
be depriv$ ( 8 prop]ty )\t due process (
 law4 ,:5 ! prop]ty at 8 disposal is 9 !
 %ape ( indu/rial plant or indu/rial    
mat]ial1 means ( transportation or /ock 
( goods await+ di/ribution1 !n 8        
decision n to employ ?is prop]ty1 or to 
limit its use to some?+ less ?an full   
capacity1 9 ! way = :i* x is adapt$1    
becomes sabotage1 normally & )          
negligible exceptions4 ,9 s do+ he      
h9d]s1 ret>ds or ob/ructs ! work+ ( !   
c\ntry's indu/rial =ces by s mu*4 ,x is 
a matt] ( c\rse & ( absolute necessity  
to ! conduct ( bus9ess1 t any           
discretion>y bus9essman mu/ be free to  
deal or n to deal 9 any giv5 case2 to   
limit or to )hold ! equipm5t "u 8       
control1 )\t res]vation4 ,bus9ess       
discretion & bus9ess /rategy1 9 fact1   
has no o!r means by :i* to "w out its   
aims4 ,s t1 9 effect1 all bus9ess       
sagacity r$uces itself 9 ! la/ analysis 
to a judici\s use ( sabotage4 ,"u mod]n 
conditions ( l>ge bus9ess1 p>ticul>ly1 !

 relation ( ! discretion>y bus9essman to
 indu/ry is t ( au?oritative p]mission &
 ( au?oritative limitation or /oppage1 &
 on 8 %rewd use ( ?is au?ority dep5ds ! 
ga9fulness ( 8 ent]prise4  ,if ?is      
au?ority 7 ex]cis$ ) an eye s+le to !   
l>ge/ & mo/ s]viceable output ( goods & 
s]vices1 or to ! mo/ economical use ( ! 
c\ntry's mat]ial res\rces & man-p[]1    
reg>dless ( pecuni>y consequ5ces1 !     
c\rse ( managem5t s c>ri$ out w\ld be n 
sabotage b indu/rial /rategy4 ,b bus9ess
 is c>ri$ on = pecuni>y ga91 n ) an     
unres]v$ view to ! l>ge/ & mo/          
s]viceable output or to ! economical use
 ( res\rces4 ,! volume & s]viceability (
 ! output mu/ wait unres]v$ly on ! v    
p>ticul> pecuni>y "q ( :at quantity &   
:at degree ( s]viceability w yield !    
l>ge/ net return 9 t]ms ( price4        
,uneconomical use ( equipm5t1 labor &   
res\rces is necess>ily an ev]yday matt] 
"u ^! circum/ances1 z 9 ! duplication ( 
plant & processes betwe5 rival conc]ns1 
& 9 ! wa/eful use ( all res\rces t d n  

involve exp5diture on ! "p ( ! giv5     
conc]n4  ,x has be5 ! traditional dogma 
among economi/s & publici/s 9 ^! mod]n  
communities t free competition betwe5 ! 
bus9essm5 9 *>ge w indefeasibly act to  
br+ ! productiv5ess ( indu/ry to !      
highe/ practicable pit* & w\ld lead to !
 mo/ unres]v$ & vigilant endeav\r to    
s]ve ! community's mat]ial ne$s at all  
po9ts4 ,! reasons = ! failure ( ?is     
g5ial expectation1 p>ticul>ly "u        
latt]day bus9ess managem5t1 might be %[n
 9 "s detail1 if t 7 ne$$ to en=ce !    
argum5t z x runs 9 ! pres5t connection4 
,b a summ>y indication ( ! common]      
v>ieties & effects ( sabotage z x is    
sy/ematically appli$ 9 ! bus9esslike    
conduct ( indu/ry w s]ve ! purpose z    
well & ) less wa/e ( words & pati5ce4   
,x is usual to notice1 & n unusual to   
deplore ! duplication ( plant &         
appliances 9 _m l9es ( indu/ry1 due to  
competitive managem5t1 z 9 factories    
engag$ 9 ! same class ( manufacture1 9  
p>allel or o!rwise compet+ railways &   

boat l9es1 9 retail m]*&is+1 & 9 "s     
degree also 9 ! :olesale trade4 ,!      
result1 ( c\rse1 is sabotage2 9 ! s5se t
 ?is volume ( appliances1 mat]ials &    
workm5 are n employ$ to ! be/ advantage 
= ! community4 ,"o effect ( ! arrangem5t
 is an increas$ necess>y co/ ( ! goods &
 s]vices suppli$ by ^! means4 ,! reason 
= x is competition = ga9 to be got f !  
traffic4 ,t all ?is is an unt[>d /ate ( 
?+s is recognis$ on all h&s2 b no lively
 regret is commonly sp5t on ! matt]1    
s9ce x is commonly recognis$ t "u !     
circum/ances !re is no help = x except  
at ! co/ ( a m unt[>d rem$y4  ,!        
competitive sy/em hav+ be5 tri$ & f\nd  
good--or at lea/ s x is assum$--x is    
felt t ! sy/em w h to be accept$ ) !    
defects ( its qualities4 ,its *>act]i/ic
 qualities are held to be good1         
acceptable to ! ta/es ( mod]n m5 ^:     
habits ( ?\ght h be5 /&>dis$ 9 its t]ms2
 & x w\ld be only reluctantly & by t>dy 
concession t ^! mod]n m5 c\ld br+       
!mselves to give up t s*eme ( ,natural  

,lib]ty )9 ! framework ( :i* runs ?is   
competitive sy/em ( bus9ess managem5t & 
its wa/eful manifold+ ( half-idle       
equipm5t & nugatory "w4 ,! common man1  
at ! wor/1 com=ts himself & 8 neighb\r )
 ! sage reflection t ,x might h be5     
worse4 ,! bus9essm51 on ! o!r h&1 h also
 begun to take note ( ?is sy/ematic wa/e
 by duplication & consequ5t incompet5ce1
 & h tak5 c\nsel h[ to int]cept ! wa/e &
 div]t x to _! own pr(it4 ,! bus9essm5's
 rem$y is consolidation ( compet+       
conc]ns1 & monopoly control4  ,to !     
common man1 ) 8 preconceptions on ! head
 ( re/ra9t ( trade1 ! propos$ rem$y     
seems m vici\s ?an ! evil x is design$  
to cure4 ,! fault ( ! rem$y pla9ly is n 
t ! mismanagem5t ( affairs due to       
competitive bus9ess c n be correct$ by  
rec\rse to monopoly1 b only t !         
community1 x is presum$1 w\ld /ill suff]
 all ! burd5s & discom=ts ( ! rgime (   
competition & sabotage1 )1 possibly1    
fur!r inconv5i5ces & impositions at !   
h&s ( ! bus9esslike monopoly2 :i*1 m5   

are agre$1 may fairly be dep5d$ on to   
use its advantage unsp>+ly "u ! bus9ess 
pr9ciple ( *>g+ :at ! traffic w be>4    
,!re is also ?is o!r s+ul> ph5om5on 9   
?is mod]n indu/rial _w1 t some?+ n v f> 
%ort ( "o-half ! indu/rial equipm5t     
sy/ematically lies idle = some?+        
approa*+ "o-half ! "t1 or is work$ only 
to "o-half its capacity half ! "t2 n    
because ( competition betwe5 ^! sev]al  
indu/rial conc]ns1 b because bus9ess    
conditions w n all[ its cont9u$         
productive use2 because ! volume (      
product t w\ld be turn$ out if !        
equipm5t 7 work+ un9t]rupt$ly at its    
full capacity c\ld n be sold at         
remun]ative prices4 ,f "t to "t "o      
e/abli%m5t & ano!r w %ut d[n dur+ a     
p]iod ( slack times1 = ! same reason4   
,?is /ate ( ?+s is s+ul> only z se5 f ! 
po9t ( view ( ! community's mat]ial     
int]e/1 n t x is 9 any degree unfamili> 
or t any s]i\s fault is f\nd ) ! capta9s
 ( indu/ry = s %utt+ (f ! indu/rial     
process & lett+ ! indu/rial equipm5t lie

 wa/e4 ,z all m5 "k1 ! exig5cies (      
bus9ess w n tol]ate production to supply
 ! community's ne$s "u ^! circum/ances2 
al?\gh1 z is equally notori\s1 ^! slack 
times1 :5 production ( goods is         
unadvisable on gr\nds ( bus9ess         
exp$i5cy1 are commonly times (          
wide-spread privation1 h>d times1 9 !   
community at l>ge1 :5 ! failure ( !     
supply is ke5ly felt4  ,x is n t !      
capta9s ( indu/ry are at fault 9 s      
fail+1 or refus+1 to supply ! ne$s ( !  
community "u ^! circum/ances1 b only t  
!y are helpless "u ! exig5cies (        
bus9ess4 ,!y c n supply ! goods except =
 a price1 inde$ n except = a remun]ative
 price1 a price :i* w add some?+ to !   
capital values :i* !y are v5tur+ 9 _!   
v>i\s ent]prises4 ,s long z ! exig5cies 
( price & ( pecuni>y ga9 rule ! case1   
!re is manife/ly no escap+ ?is en=c$    
idl5ess ( ! c\ntry's productive =ces4   
,x may n be out ( place also to rem>k1  
by way ( p>5!sis1 t ?is highly          
productive /ate ( ! indu/rial arts1 :i* 

is embodi$ 9 ! indu/rial plant &        
processes t s are sy/ematically &       
advis$ly ret>d$ or arre/$ "u ! rule (   
bus9ess1 is at ! same "t ! p>ticul>     
pride ( civilis$ m5 & ! mo/ tangible    
a*ievem5t ( ! civilis$ _w4  ,a          
cons]vative e/imate ( ?is "o item (     
capitali/ic sabotage c\ld sc>cely       
appraise x at less ?an a tw5ty-five     
p]c5t r$uction f ! normally possible    
productive capacity ( ! community1 at an
 av]age ov] any consid]able p]iod2 & a  
some:at ?or\gh review ( ! p]t95t facts  
w\ld probably p]suade any imp>tial      
obs]v] t1 "o ye> ) ano!r1 su*           
bus9esslike en=c$ idl5ess ( plant &     
p]sonnel l[]s ! actual output ( !       
c\ntry's indu/ry by some?+ ne>] fifty   
p]c5t ( its ord9>y capacity :5 fully    
employ$4 ,to _m1 su* an ass]tion may    
seem extravagant1 b ) fur!r reflection  
on ! well-kn[n facts 9 ! case x w seem  
less s 9 proportion z ! unfamili>ity ( x
 we>s (f4  ,h[ev]1 ! po9t ( att5tion 9 !
 case is n ! precise1 nor ! approximate1

 p]c5tages ( ?is arre/ & ret>dation1 ?is
 p>tial neutralisation ( mod]n          
improvem5ts 9 ! indu/rial arts2 x is    
only ! notori\s fact t su* arre/ occurs1
 sy/ematically & advis$ly1 "u ! rule (  
bus9ess exig5cies1 & t !re is no        
corrective to be f\nd = x t w comport ) 
^? fundam5tal articles ( ! democratic   
fai? on :i* ! bus9essm5 necess>ily      
proce$4 ,any effectual corrective w\ld  
break ! framework ( democratic law &    
ord]1 s9ce x w\ld h to trav]se !        
inali5able "r ( m5 :o are born free &   
equal1 ea* freely to deal or n to deal 9
 any pecuni>y conjuncture t arises4  ,b 
x is at ! same "t pla9 en\gh t ?is1 9 ! 
l>g] s5se unt[>d1 discrepancy betwe5    
productive capacity & curr5t productive 
output c readily be correct$1 9 "s      
appreciable degree at lea/1 by any      
suffici5t au?ority t %all und]take to   
control ! c\ntry's indu/rial =ces )\t   
reg>d to pecuni>y pr(it & loss4 ,any    
au?ority compet5t to take ov] ! control 
& regulate ! conduct ( ! community's    

indu/ry ) a view to maximum output z    
c\nt$ by weight & tale1 r ?an by net    
aggregate price-income ov] price-co/1 c 
readily effect an appreciable increase 9
 ! effectual productive capacity2 b x c 
be done only by violat+ t democratic    
ord] ( ?+s )9 :i* bus9ess ent]prise     
runs4 ,! sev]al bellig]5t nations (     
,europe are %[+ t x c be done1 t !      
sabotage ( bus9ess ent]prise c be put   
aside by suffici5tly h]oic measures4 ,& 
!y are also %[+ t !y are all aw>e1 & h  
always be5 aw>e1 t ! conduct ( indu/ry  
on bus9ess pr9ciples is incompet5t to   
br+ ! l>ge/ practicable output ( goods &
 s]vices2 incompet5t to su* a degree1   
inde$1 z n to be tol]able 9 a season (  
desp]ate ne$1 :5 ! nation requires !    
full use ( its productive =ces1 equipm5t
 & man-p[]1 reg>dless ( ! pecuni>y      
claims ( individuals4         99        
99       99       99       99  ,n[1 !   
project$ ,imp]ial dom9ion is a p[] ( !  
"* requir$ to br+ a suffici5t corrective
 to be>1 9 case ( ne$1 on ?is democratic

 situation 9 :i* ! bus9essm5 9 *>ge     
necess>ily manage ! c\ntry's indu/ry at 
cross purposes ) ! community's--t is !  
common man's--mat]ial int]e/4 ,x is an  
extrane\s p[]1 to :om ! cont9u$ pecuni>y
 ga9 ( ^! nations' bus9essm5 is a m9or  
consid]ation1 a negligible consid]ation 
9 case x %all appe> t ! ,imp]ial        
usufruct ( ! und]ly+ nation's productive
 =ces is 9 any degree impair$ by !      
bus9essm5's managem5t ( x = _! own net  
ga94 ,x is difficult to see on :at      
gr\nds ( self-int]e/ su* an ,imp]ial    
gov]nm5t c\ld cons5t to tol]ate !       
cont9u$ managem5t ( ^! und]ly+ nations' 
indu/ries on bus9ess pr9ciples1 t is to 
say on ! pr9ciple ( ! maximum pecuni>y  
ga9 to ! bus9esslike manag]s2 & rec5t   
exp]i5ce seems to tea* t no excessive1 t
 is to say no inconv5i5t1 degree (      
consid]ation = ve/$ rights1 & ! l1 w\ld 
long emb>rass ! ,imp]ial gov]nm5t 9 its 
adm9i/ration ( its usufruct4  ,x %\ld be
 a reasonable expectation t1 )\t malice 
& ) an unprejudic$ view to its own      

usufruct ( ^! und]ly+ c\ntries1 !       
,imp]ial e/abli%m5t w\ld take due c>e t 
no sy/ematically1 & 9 its view          
gratuit\sly1 uneconomical me?ods %\ld   
cont9ue 9 ! ord9>y conduct ( _! indu/ry4
 ,among o!r consid]ations ( weight 9 ?is
 connection is ! fact t a cont5t$1      
well-f$1 & n wantonly ov]-work$ populace
 is a valuable asset 9 su* a case4      
,simil>ly1 by contr>ies1 z an asset 9   
usufruct to su* an ali5 p[]1 a l>ge1    
weal?y1 sp5d?rift1 body ( g5tlefolk1    
held 9 high e/eem by ! common p1 w\ld h 
b a slight value1 conceivably ev5 a     
negative value1 9 su* a case4 ,a wise   
adm9i/ration w\ld presumably look to _! 
abatem5t1 r ?an o!rwise4 ,at ?is po9t ! 
mat]ial int]e/ ( ! common man w\ld seem 
to co9cide ) t ( ! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t4 
,/ill1 8 preconceiv$ notions ( ! wisdom 
& b5efic5ce ( 8 g5tlefolk w\ld          
presumably h9d] 8 see+ ! matt] 9 t      
reasonable light4  ,"u ! p>am\nt        
surveillance ( su* an ali5 p[]1 guid$   
solely by its own int]e/ 9 ! usufruct ( 

! c\ntry & its population1 x is to be   
presum$ t class privileges &            
discrim9ation w\ld be greatly abat$ if n
 altoge!r discont9u$4 ,! po9t is 9 "s   
d\bt1 p>tly because ?is ali5 e/abli%m5t 
^: dom9ion is 9 "q is itself gr\nd$ 9   
class pr]ogatives & discrim9ation1 & s1 
n improbably1 x w\ld c>ry ov] into its  
sup]vision ( ! und]ly+ nations some?+ ( 
a bias 9 favor ( class privileges4 ,& a 
simil> ord] ( ?+s might also result by  
*oice ( a class-sy/em z a conv5i5t means
 ( control & exploitation4 ,! latt]     
consid]ation is presumably ! m cog5t1   
s9ce ! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t 9 "q is      
already1 by anci5t habit1 famili> ) !   
me?od ( control by class & privilege2 &1
 inde$1 unfamili> ) any o!r me?od4 ,su* 
a gov]nm5t1 :i* gov]ns )\t effectual    
advice or =mal cons5t ( ! gov]n$1 w     
almo/ necess>ily re/ its control ( !    
c\ntry on an int]e/$ class1 ( suffici5t 
/r5g? & b\nd by suffici5tly grave int]e/
 to abet ! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t          
effectually 9 all its adv5tures &       

ent]prises4  ,b su* a privileg$ ord]1 t 
is to be c\nt$ 9 to %>e dyna/ic usufruct
 & liabilities1 9 good days & evil1 w be
 ( a feudali/ic complexion r ?an some?+ 
aft] ! fa%ion ( a mod]n bus9ess         
community do+ bus9ess by inve/m5t &     
pecuni>y f9esse4 ,x w\ld /ill be a      
reasonable expectation t discrim9ation  
betwe5 pecuni>y classes %\ld fall away  
"u ?is project$ ali5 tutelage2 m        
p>ticul>ly all su* discrim9ation z is   
design$ to b5efit any giv5 class or     
int]e/ at ! co/ ( ! :ole1 z1 e4g41      
protective t>iffs1 monopoli/ic          
concessions & immunities1 engross+ (    
p>ticul> l9es ( mat]ial res\rces1 & ! l4
  ,! "* ( ! economic policy to be pursu$
 %\ld n be difficult ( appreh5sion1 if  
only ^! und]ly+ peoples are conceiv$ z  
an e/ate 9 tail )9 ! dyna/ic l9e (      
desc5t4 ,! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t :i* s is 
prospectively to take ov] ! surveillance
 ( ^! mod]n peoples "u ?is project$     
ent]prise 9 dom9ion1 may all ! m readily
 be conceiv$ z h&l+ its new & l>g]      

res\rces some:at unres]v$ly z an e/ate  
to be adm9i/]$ ) a %rewd eye to ! ma9   
*ance1 s9ce su* has always be5 its      
relation to ! peoples & t]ritories ^:   
usufruct x already enjoys4 ,x is only t 
! circum/ances ( ! case w admit a fre] &
 m sagaci\s application ( ^? pr9ciples (
 usufruct t lie at ! root ( ! anci5t    
,culture ( ! ,fa!rl&4         99        
99       99       99       99  ,?is     
excessively long1 & yet incomplete1     
review ( ! presumptive mat]ial          
advantages to accrue to ! common man "u 
a rgime ( peace by unconditional surr5d]
 to an ali5 dyna/y1 br+s ! argum5t      
app>5tly to ! conclusion t su* an       
ev5tuality might be =tunate r ?an !     
rev]se2 or at lea/ t x has its          
comp5sations1 ev5 if x is n some?+ to be
 desir$4 ,su* %\ld p>ticul>ly appe> to  
be ! presumption 9 case "o is at all    
incl9$ to make mu* ( ! cultural ga9s to 
be br\ght 9 "u ! new rgime4 ,& m        
p>ticul>ly %\ld a policy ( non-resi/ant 
submission to ! project$ new ord] seem  

exp$i5t 9 view ( ! exce$+ly high1 n to  
say prohibitive1 co/ ( resi/ance1 or ev5
 ( mat]ially ret>d+ its fulfillm5t4     
,,*apt] ,v  ,,peace ,,& ,,neutrality    
,consid]$ simply on ! face ( ! tangible 
mat]ial int]e/s involv$1 ! *oice ( !    
common man 9 ^! premises %\ld seem v mu*
 ( a =egone conclusion1 if he c\ld      
p]suade himself to a sane & p]spicu\s   
consid]ation ( ^! /ati/ically app>5t    
m]its ( ! case alone4 ,x is at lea/     
safely to be presum$ t he has no?+ to   
lose1 9 a mat]ial way1 & !re is reason  
to look = "s slight ga9 9 creature      
com=ts & 9 security ( life & limb1      
consequ5t ^u ! elim9ation1 or at lea/ ! 
p>tial dise/abli%m5t1 ( pecuni>y        
necessity z ! sole bond & crit]ion ( use
 & wont 9 economic conc]ns4  ,b man     
lives n by bread alone4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 
& p>ticul>ly z t\*es ! spr+s ( action   
among t common run t d n habitually     
=mulate _! aspirations & convictions 9  
ext5d$ & grammatically def5sible        
docum5t>y =m1 & ! drift ( ^: impulses   

!re=e is n mask$ or deflect$ by !       
illusive consi/5cies ( set spee*1--z    
t\*es ! common run1 p>ticul>ly1 x w hold
 true ) q an unackn[l$g$ g5]ality t !   
mat]ial means ( life are1 aft] all1     
means only2 & t :5 ! "q ( :at ?+s are   
wor? :ile is br\ght to ! f9al te/1 x is 
n ^! means1 nor ! life condition$ on ^! 
means1 t are se5 to s]ve z ! decisive   
crit]ion2 b always x is "s ult]ior1     
immat]ial end1 9 ! pursuit ( :i* ^!     
mat]ial means f9d _! ult]ior gr\nd (    
valuation4 ,nei!r ! ov]t te/imony nor ! 
circum/antial evid5ce to ?is effect is  
unequivocal2 b se5 9 due p]spective1 &  
reg>d be+ _h *iefly to ! spr+s ( conc]t$
 action z %[n 9 any massive movem5t (   
?is common run ( mank9d1 !re is1 aft]   
all1 little room to "q t ! ?+s :i*      
comm5d !mselves z indefeasibly wor? :ile
 are ! ?+s ( ! human _s4  ,^! ideals1   
aspirations1 aims1 ends ( endeav\r1 are 
by no means ( a uni=m or homog5e\s "*   
?r\gh\t ! mod]n communities1 /ill less  
?r\gh\t ! civilis$ _w1 or ?r\gh\t !     

*eck]$ range ( classes & conditions (   
m52 b1 ) su* frequ5cy & amplitude t x   
mu/ be tak5 z a major premise 9 any     
attempt$ insight into human behavi\r1 x 
w hold true t !y are ( a spiritual1     
immat]ial nature4  ,! caution may1      
p>5!tically1 n be out ( place1 t ?is    
*>act]isation ( ! ult]ior spr+s ( action
 z ess5tially n ( ! nature ( creature   
com=ts1 ne$ be tak5 9 no wid] ext5sion  
?an t :i* s is specifically giv5 x4 ,x w
 be f\nd to apply z t\*es ! conduct ( ! 
common run2 :at modification ( x might  
be requir$ to make x at all confid5tly  
applicable to ! case ( "o & ano!r ( ^?  
classes into ^: s*eme ( life creature   
com=ts ent] ) m pron\nc$ effect may be m
 ( a delicate po9t4 ,b s9ce x is !      
behavi\r1 & ! gr\nds ( behavi\r1 ( !    
common run t are "h 9 "q1 ! case ( _!   
bett]s 9 ?is respect may conv5i5tly be  
left on "o side4  ,! "q 9 h& t\*es !    
behavior ( ! common man1 tak5 9 !       
aggregate1 9 face ( ! qu&>y into :i*    
circum/ances h l$ him2 s9ce ! "q ( :at  

^! mod]n peoples w d is aft] all a "q ( 
:at ! common man 9 ! aggregate w d1 ( 8 
own motion or by p]suasion4 ,8 bett]s   
may be 9 a position to guide1 p]suade1  
cajole1 mislead1 & victimise him2 =     
among ! _m s+ul> conceits t beset !     
common man is ! p]suasion t 8 bett]s are
 9 "s way bett] ?an he1 wis]1 m         
b5efic5t4 ,b ! c\rse t may s be *os51 ) 
or )\t guidance or p]suasion f ! sup]ior
 classes1 z well z ! p]si/5ce & en]gy ) 
:i* ?is c\rse is pursu$1 is condition$  
on ! frame ( m9d ( ! common run4  ,j :at
 w be ! nature & ! concrete expression (
 ^! ideal aspirations t move ! common   
run is a matt] ( habitual               
preconceptions2 & habits ( ?\ght v>y f  
"o p to ano!r accord+ to ! div]sity (   
exp]i5ce to :i* !y h be5 expos$4 ,among 
! ,we/]n nations ! national pre/ige has 
come to seem wor? :ile z an ult]ior end1
 p]haps beyond all else t is compris$ 9 
! secul> s*eme ( ?+s desirable to be _h 
or to be a*iev$4 ,& 9 ! appreh5sion (   
su* ( !m z h be/ pres]v$ ! habits (     

?\ght induc$ by a long exp]i5ce 9 feudal
 subjection1 ! s]vice ( ! sov]eign or ! 
dyna/y /ill /&s ov] z ! sub/antial core 
( ! cultural s*eme1 ^u :i* s5tim5t &    
endeav\r conv]ge4 ,9 ! pa/ ages ( !     
democratic peoples1 z well z 9 !        
pres5t-day use & wont among subjects ( !
 dyna/ic ,/ates--z e4g41 ,japan or      
,g]many--m5 are kn[n to h resolutely    
risk$1 & lo/1 _! life = ! sake ( !      
sov]eign's r5[n1 or ev5 to save !       
sov]eign's life2 :]eas1 ( c\rse1 ev5 !  
slighte/ & mo/ nebul\s reflection w\ld  
make x manife/ t 9 po9t ( net mat]ial   
utility ! sov]eign's decease is an idle 
matt] z comp>$ ) ! loss ( an able-bodi$ 
workman4 ,! sov]eign may always be      
replac$1 ) "s prospect ( public         
advantage1 or fail+ t1 x %\ld be rem>k$ 
t a reg5cy or int]-regnum w commonly be 
a season ( relatively economical        
adm9i/ration4 ,aga91 religi\s en?usiasm1
 & ! fur!rance ( religi\s propag&a1 may 
come to s]ve ! same g5]al purpose z ^!  
secul> ideals1 & w p]haps s]ve x j z    

well4 ,c]ta9 pr9ciples1 ( p]sonal lib]ty
 & ( opportunity = creative             
self-direction & an intellectually wor?y
 life1 p]haps may also become ! idols ( 
! p1 = :i* !y w !n be will+ to risk _!  
mat]ial =tune2 & :]e ?is has happ5$1 z  
among ! democratic peoples ( ,*ri/5dom1 
x is n selfi%ly = _! own p]sonal        
opportunity to live untr\bl$ "u ! light 
( ^! high pr9ciples t ^! op9ionat$ m5   
are ready to cont5d1 b r imp]sonally = !
 human "r :i* "u ^! pr9ciples is ! due (
 all mank9d1 & p>ticul>ly ( ! incom+ & (
 lat] g5]ations4  ,on ^! & ! l          
intangible ends ! common man is set )   
su* invet]ate pr$ilection t he w1 on    
provocation1 /ick at no?+ to put !      
project ?r\gh4 ,= su* l ends ! common   
man w lay d[n 8 life2 at lea/1 s !y say4
 ,!re may always be some?+ ( rhetorical 
affectation 9 x all2 b1 aft] all1 !re is
 suffici5t evid5ce to h& ( su* sub/ance 
& t5acity 9 ! common man's hold on ^!   
ideal aspirations1 on ^! idols ( 8 human
 _s1 z to w>rant ! ass]tion t he is1 r  

commonly1 prep>$ to g to great] l5g?s 9 
! fur!rance ( ^! immat]ial ga9s t are to
 inure to someone else ?an = any p]sonal
 end ( 8 own1 9 ! way ( creature com=ts 
or ev5 ( p]sonal r5[n4  ,= su* ends !   
common man1 9 democratic ,*ri/5dom is1  
on provocation1 will+ to die2 or aga91 !
 pati5t & p]haps m f>-see+ common man ( 
pagan ,*9a is will+ to live = ^! idols (
 an invet]ate fancy1 ?r\gh endless      
contumely & h>d usage4 ,! conv5tional   
,*9ese preconceptions1 9 ! way ( ?+s t  
are wor? :ile 9 _! own "r1 appe> to     
diff] f ^? curr5t 9 ! ,occid5t 9 su* a  
way t ! preconceiv$ ideal is n to be    
realis$ except by way ( cont9u$ life4 ,!
 common man's acc\ntability to ! cause (
 humanity1 9 ,*9a1 is ( s intimately    
p]sonal a "* t he c meet x only by      
t5aci\sly hold+ 8 place 9 ! sequ5ce (   
g5]ations2 :]eas among ! peoples (      
,*ri/5dom !re has aris5 out ( _!        
cont5ti\s pa/ a preconception to !      
effect t ?is human duty to mank9d is ( !
 nature ( a debt1 :i* c be cancell$ by  

bankruptcy proce$+s1 s t ! man :o       
unpr(itably dies fight+ = ! cause has   
!reby con/ructively paid ! reckon+ 9    
full4  ,evid5tly1 if ! common man ( ^!  
mod]n nations t are prospectively to be 
br\ght "u tutelage ( ! ,imp]ial gov]nm5t
 c\ld be br\ght to ! frame ( m9d t is   
habitual ) 8 ,*9ese c\nt]p>t1 !re %\ld  
be a fair hope t pacific c\nsels w\ld   
prevail & t ,*ri/5dom w\ld s come 9 = a 
rgime ( peace by submission "u ?is      
,imp]ial tutelage4 ,b !re are always ^! 
preconceptions ( self-w & insubord9ation
 to be c\nt$ ) among ^! nations1 & !re  
is ! anci5t habit ( a cont5ti\s national
 solid>ity 9 def5se ( ! nation's        
pre/ige1 m urg5t among ^! peoples ?an   
any s5tim5t ( solid>ity ) mank9d at     
l>ge1 or any ult]ior ga9 9 civilisation 
t might come ( cont9u$ discipl9e 9 !    
virtues ( pati5ce & dilig5ce "u         
di/a/eful circum/ances4  ,! occid5tal   
conception ( manhood is 9 "s consid]able
 measure drawn 9 negative t]ms4 ,s mu* s
 t :5ev] a "q ( ! manly virtues comes "u

 controv]sy x pres5tly appe>s t at lea/ 
! indisp5sable m9imum1 & inde$ ! ord9>y 
m>g9al modicum1 ( :at is requisite to a 
wor?y mann] ( life is habitually =mulat$
 9 t]ms ( :at n4 ,?is appe>ance is      
d\btless mislead+ if tak5 )\t !         
univ]sally und]/ood po/ulate on ! basis 
( :i* negative dem&s are =mulat$4 ,!re  
is a good deal ( :at w\ld be call$      
hi/orical accid5t 9 all ?is4 ,!         
indisp5sable dem&s ( ?is mod]n manhood  
take ! =m ( refusal to obey extrane\s   
au?ority on compulsion2 ( exemption f   
co]cive direction & subs]vi5ce2 (       
insubord9ation1 9 %ort4 ,b x is always  
und]/ood z a matt] ( c\rse t ?is        
insubord9ation is a refusal to submit to
 irresponsible or autocratic rule4 ,/at$
 f ! positive side x w\ld be fre$om f   
re/ra9t by or ob$i5ce to any au?ority n 
con/itut$ by express advice & cons5t ( !
 gov]n$4 ,& z ne> z x may be =mulat$1 :5
 r$uc$ to ! irr$ucible m9imum ( concrete
 proviso1 ?is is ! f9al sub/ance ( ?+s  
:i* nei!r %ame nor hon\r w p]mit ! mod]n

 civilis$ man to yield4 ,to no          
arrangem5t = ! abrogation ( ?is m9imum (
 free initiative & self-direction w he  
cons5t to be a p>ty1 :e!r x t\*es !     
conditions ( life = 8 own p :o are to   
come aft]1 or z t\*es ! =tunes ( su*    
ali5s z are ( a l m9d on ?is head & are 
unable to make head aga9/ invasion ( ^! 
human rights f outside4  ,z has j be5   
rem>k$1 ! negative =m s (t5 tak5 by ^!  
dem&s is some?+ ( an hi/orical accid5t1 
due to ! fact t ^! mod]n peoples came   
into _! highly e/eem$ sy/em ( ,natural  
,lib]ty out ( an e>li] sy/em ( positive 
*ecks on self-direction & initiative2 a 
sy/em1 9 effect1 v mu* aft] ! fa%ion ( t
 ,imp]ial jurisdiction t /ill prevails 9
 ! dyna/ic ,/ates--z1 e4g41 ,g]many or  
,japan--^: project$ dom9ion is n[ !     
imm$iate object ( appreh5sion &         
repugnance4 ,h[ naively ! negative      
=mulation ga9$ acceptance1 & at ! same  
"t h[ intr9sic to ! new disp5sation 0 ! 
aspiration = free initiative1 appe>s 9 !
 confid5t ass]tion ( its mo/ g5ial      

spokesman1 t :5 ^! positive *ecks are   
tak5 away1 ,! simple & obvi\s sy/em (   
,natural ,lib]ty e/abli%es itself ( its 
own accord4  ,! common man1 9 ^! mod]n  
communities1 %[s a brittle temp] :5 any 
ov]t move is made aga9/ ?is h]itage (   
civil lib]ty4 ,he may n be altoge!r well
 advis$ 9 respect ( :at lib]ties he w   
def5d & :at he w submit to2 b ! fact is 
to be c\nt$ ) 9 any project$ peace1 t   
!re is always ?is refractory residue (  
t]ms n op5 to negotiation or compromise4
 ,n[ x also happ5s1 also by hi/orical   
accid5t1 t ^! residual pr9ciples ( civil
 lib]ty h come to bl5d & coalesce ) a   
/ubborn preconception ( national        
integrity & national pre/ige4 ,s t 9 !  
workday appreh5sion ( ! common man1 n   
giv5 to analytic excursions1 any        
infraction ( ! national integrity or any
 abatem5t ( ! national pre/ige has come 
to figure z an insuff]able infr+em5t on 
8 p]sonal lib]ty & on ^? pr9ciples (    
humanity t make up ! categorical        
articles ( ! secul> cre$ ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,!

 fact may be pat5t on reflection t !    
common man's sub/antial int]e/ 9 !      
national integrity is slight & elusive1 
& t 9 sob] common s5se ! national       
pre/ige has some?+ less ?an a neutral   
value to him2 b ?is /ate ( !            
sub/antially p]t95t facts is n greatly (
 ! ess5ce ( ! case1 s9ce 8              
preconceptions 9 ^! premises d n run to 
t effect1 & s9ce !y are ( too h>d & fa/ 
a texture to suff] any s]i\s abatem5t )9
 su* a space ( "t z c come 9 "q "h & n[4
         99       99       99       99  
99  ,! outlook = a spe$y settlem5t ( !  
_w's peace on a plan ( unconditional    
surr5d] to ! project$ ,imp]ial dom9ion  
seems unpromis+ly dubi\s1 9 view ( !    
/ubborn temp] %[n by ^! mod]n peoples   
:]ev] _! preconceiv$ ideas ( "r & hone/ 
liv+ appe> to be 9 jeop>dy2 & ! exp$i5cy
 ( ent]+ into any negotiat$ compact (   
diplomatic engagem5ts & assurances      
design$ to s]ve z gr\ndwork to an       
ev5tual ent]prise ( t k9d mu/ !re=e also
 be que/ionable 9 a high degree4 ,x is  

ev5 d\btful if any all[ance ( "t c be   
c\nt$ on to br+ ^! mod]n peoples to a m 
reasonable1 m worldly-wise1 frame ( m9d2
 s t !y w\ld come to see _! int]e/ 9 su*
 an arrangem5t1 or w\ld dive/ !mselves (
 _! pres5t /ubborn & p]haps fanta/ic    
prejudice aga9/ an autocratic rgime ( ! 
k9d spok5 =4 ,at lea/ = ! pres5t any su*
 hope ( a peaceable settlem5t seems     
illusive4 ,:at may be practicable 9 ?is 
way 9 ! c\rse ( "t is ( c\rse /ill m    
obscure2 b argum5t on ! premises :i* !  
pres5t af=ds does n po9t to a           
sub/antially diff]5t outcome 9 !        
calculable future4  ,= ! imm$iate       
future--say1 )9 ! life-"t ( ! oncom+    
g5]ation--! spiritual /ate ( ! peoples  
conc]n$ 9 ?is int]national qu&>y is n   
likely to und]go s radical a *ange z to 
s]i\sly invalidate an argum5t t proce$s 
on ! pres5t lie ( ! l& 9 ?is respect4   
,preconceptions are a "w ( habit imp++  
on a giv5 temp]am5tal b5t2 & :]e1 z 9 ^!
 premises1 ! preconceptions h tak5 on an
 in/itutionalis$ =m1 h become           

conv5tionalis$ & commonly accept$1 & s h
 be5 wov5 into ! texture ( popul> common
 s5se1 !y mu/ ne$s be a "w ( protract$ &
 compreh5sive habituation imp++ on a    
popul> temp]am5tal b5t ( s g5]al a      
preval5ce t x may be call$ cong5ital to 
! community at l>ge4 ,a h]itable b5t    
p]vad+ ! gr\p )9 :i* inh]itance runs1   
does n *ange1 s long z ! racial         
complexion ( ! gr\p rema9s passably     
intact2 a conv5tionalis$1 commonly      
e/abli%$ habit ( m9d w *ange only sl[ly1
 commonly n )\t ! pass+ ( at lea/ "o    
g5]ation1 & only by grace ( a           
suffici5tly se>*+ & compreh5sive        
discipl9e ( exp]i5ce4 ,= good or ill1 ! 
curr5t situation is to be c\nt$ on n to 
lose "* ov] night or ) a revolution ( ! 
seasons1 s f> z conc]ns ^! spiritual    
factors t make or m> ! =tunes ( nations4
  ,at ! same "t ^! spiritual assets1 be+
 ( ! nature ( habit1 are also b\nd to   
*ange "* m or less radically1 by        
ins5sible %ift+ ( gr\nd1 b              
incont95tly1--provid$ only t !          

conditions ( life1 & !re=e ! discipl9e (
 exp]i5ce1 und]go any sub/antial *ange4 
,s ! imm$iate int]e/ %ifts to !         
presumptive rate & "* ( ^? *anges t are 
9 prospect1 due to ! unremitt+ *ange (  
circum/ances "u :i* ^! mod]n peoples    
live & to ! discipl9e ( :i* !y are      
unavoidably expos$4 ,= ! pres5t & = !   
imm$iate future ! curr5t /ate ( ?+s is a
 suffici5tly /able basis ( argum5t2 b   
assurance z to ! suffici5cy ( ! premises
 af=d$ by ! curr5t /ate ( ?+s ?9s out 9 
proportion z ! p]spective ( ! argum5t   
runs out into ! succe$+ ye>s4 ,! be>+ ( 
x all is two-fold1 ( c\rse4 ,?is        
progressive1 cumulative habituation "u  
*ang+ circum/ances affects ! case bo? ( 
^? democratic peoples ^: =tunes are 9 ! 
haz>d1 & also ( ^? dyna/ic ,/ates by :om
 ! project$ ent]prise 9 dom9ion is to be
 c>ri$ into effect4         99       99 
99       99       99  ,! case ( ! two   
=midable dyna/ic ,/ates ^: names h be5  
c\pl$ toge!r 9 :at has already be5 said 
is p]haps ! m imm$iately int]e/+ 9 !    

pres5t connection4 ,z matt]s /&1 & 9 !  
measure 9 :i* !y cont9ue s to /&1 ! case
 ( ^! is 9 no degree equivocal4 ,! two  
dyna/ic e/abli%m5ts seek dom9ion1 &     
inde$ !y seek no?+ else1 except         
incid5tally to & 9 fur!rance ( ! ma9    
que/4 ,z has be5 rem>k$ be=e1 x lies 9 !
 nature ( a dyna/ic ,/ate to seek       
dom9ion1 t be+ ! :ole ( its nature 9 s  
f> z x runs true to =m4 ,b a dyna/ic    
,/ate1 l any o!r settl$1 in/itutionalis$
 community ( m51 re/s on & draws its    
effectual driv+ =ce f ! habit ( m9d (   
its und]ly+ community1 ! common man 9 ! 
aggregate1 8 preconceptions & ideals z  
to :at ?+s are wor? :ile4 ,)\t a        
suitable spiritual gr\nd ( ?is k9d su* a
 dyna/ic ,/ate passes out ( ! category (
 =midable ,p[]s & into t ( prec>i\s     
despotism4  ,9 bo? ( ! two ,/ates "h 9  
"q ! dyna/ic e/abli%m5t & its bodygu>d (
 (ficials & g5tlefolk may be c\nt$ on to
 p]sev]e 9 ! fai? t n[ animates !m1     
until an uneasy displacem5t ( s5tim5t   
among ! und]ly+ populace may 9 "t induce

 !m judici\sly to %ift _! foot+4 ,l !   
rul+ classes else:]e1 !y are ( a        
cons]vative temp] & may be c\nt$ on s to
 cont9ue4 ,!y are also n greatly expos$ 
to ! discipl9e ( exp]i5ce t makes =     
adaptive *ange 9 habits ( life1 & !re=e 
9 ! correlat$ habits ( ?\ght4 ,x is     
always ! common man t is effectually    
rea*$ by any exact+ or wide-rea*+ *ange 
9 ! conditions ( life4 ,he is relatively
 un%elt]$ f any =ces t make = adaptive  
*ange1 z contra/$ ) ! case ( 8 bett]s2 &
 h[ev] sluggi% & reluctant may be 8     
response to su* discipl9e z makes = a   
displacem5t ( outworn preconceptions1   
yet x is always out ( ! mass ( ?is      
common humanity t ^? movem5ts (         
disaffection & prote/ arise1 :i* lead1  
on occasion1 to any mat]ial realignm5t (
 ! in/itutional fabric or to any        
sub/antial %ift 9 ! l9e ( policy to be  
pursu$ "u ! guidance ( _! bett]s4  ,!   
common mass ( humanity1 x may be said 9 
p>5!sis1 is ( c\rse n a homog5e\s body4 
,uncommon m51 9 po9t ( native gifts (   

intellig5ce1 s5sibility1 or p]sonal =ce1
 w occur z frequ5tly1 9 proportion to ! 
aggregate numb]s1 among ! common mass z 
among _! bett]s4 ,s9ce 9 any "o ( ^!    
nations ( ,*ri/5dom1 ) _! all-inclusive 
hybridisation1 ! range1 frequ5cy &      
amplitude ( v>iations 9 h]$it>y end[m5t 
is ! same ?r\gh\t all classes4 ,class   
diff]5tiation is a matt] ( habit &      
conv5tion2 & 9 di/9ction f 8 bett]s !   
common man is common only 9 po9t (      
numb]s & 9 po9t ( ! m g5]al & m exact+  
conditions to :i* he is expos$4 ,he is 9
 a position to be m h>dly ridd5 by !    
discipl9e ( exp]i5ce1 & is at ! same "t 
held m consi/5tly to su* a body (       
preconceptions1 & to su* *anges only 9  
?is body ( preconceptions1 z fall 9 ) ! 
drift ( ?+s 9 a l>g] mass ( humanity4 ,b
 all ! :ile x is ! discipl9e :i* imp+es 
on ! s5sibilities ( ?is common mass t   
%apes ! spiritual attitude & temp] ( !  
community & s def9es :at may & :at may n
 be und]tak5 by ! con/itut$ lead]s4 ,s  
t1 9 a way1 ^! dyna/ic ,/ates are at !  

m]cy ( t popul> s5tim5t ^: creatures !y 
are1 & are subject to undesir$ *anges ( 
direction & effici5cy 9 _! endeavors1   
cont+5t on *anges 9 ! popul> temp]2 ov] 
:i* !y h only a p>tial1 & on ! :ole a   
sup]ficial control4  ,a relatively      
p[]ful control & en]getic direction ( ! 
popul> temp] is & has be5 ex]cis$ by ^! 
dyna/ic e/abli%m5ts1 ) a view to its    
utilisation 9 ! pursuit ( ! dyna/ic     
ent]prise2 & mu* has visibly be5        
accompli%$ 9 t way2 *iefly1 p]haps1 by  
milit>y discipl9e 9 subord9ation to     
p]sonal au?ority1 & also by an unsp>+   
surveillance ( popul> education1 ) a    
view to =tify ! preconceptions h&$ d[n f
 ! pass+ ord] z well z to elim9ate all  
subv]sive innovation4 ,yet 9 spite ( all
 ! well-conceiv$ & %rewdly manag$       
endeavors ( ! ,g]man ,imp]ial sy/em 9   
?is direction1 e4g41 !re has be5 evid5ce
 ( an obscurely gr[+ uneas9ess1 n to say
 disaffection1 among ! und]ly+ mass4 ,s 
mu* s t ha/y obs]v]s1 & p]haps bias$1 h 
rea*$ ! inf]5ce t "o ( ! imm$iate       

contributory causes t l$ to ! pres5t w> 
0 ! ne$ ( a h]oic rem$y to correct ?is  
unt[>d drift ( s5tim5t4  ,= ! ,g]man p !
 gov]nm5t ( ! pres5t dyna/ic incumb5t   
has done all t c\ld 7humanly speak+7 be 
expect$ 9 ! way ( endeavor+ to cons]ve !
 pass+ ord] & to hold ! popul>          
imag9ation to ! receiv$ feudali/ic      
ideals ( loyal s]vice4 ,& yet ! peoples 
( ! ,empire are already caught 9 ! net (
 t new] ord] :i* !y are n[ endeavor+ to 
break by =ce ( arms4 ,!y are            
inextricably implicat$ 9 ! cultural     
complex ( ,*ri/5dom2 & )9 ?is ,we/]n    
culture ^? peoples to :om x fell to lead
 ! exodus out ( ! ,egypt ( feudalism h  
come q naturally to set ! pace 9 all !  
l>g] con=mities ( civilis$ life4 ,)9 !  
conf9es ( ,*ri/5dom today1 = good or    
ill1 :atev] usage or cu/om>y rule (     
conduct falls visibly %ort ( ! prec$5t  
set by ^! cultural pione]s is felt to   
fall b5ea? ! prescriptive commonplace   
level ( civilisation4 ,failure to adopt 
& make use ( ^? tri$ in/itutional       

exp$i5ts on :i* ^! peoples ( ! advance  
gu>d h set _! m>k ( au!ntication is     
today presumptively a mi/ake & an       
advantage =egone2 & a p :o are d5i$ !   
b5efit ( ^! latt]day ways & means (     
civic life are uneasy ) a s5se (        
grievance at ! h&s ( _! rul]s4 ,besides 
:i*1 ! fa%ion 9 articles ( in/itutional 
equipage s set by ! au!ntic pione]s (   
culture has also come to be m&atory1 z a
 punctilio ( ! gov]nm5tal proprieties2 s
 t no national e/abli%m5t :i* aspires to
 a decor\s appe>ance 9 ! eyes ( !       
civilis$ _w c long] af=d to be se5 )\t  
!m4 ,! =ms at lea/ mu/ be obs]v$4 ,h5ce 
! repres5tative & pseudo-repres5tative  
in/itutions ( ^! dyna/ic ,/ates4  ,^!   
dyna/ic ,/ates among ! re/ h p>tly      
foll[$ ! dictates ( civilis$ fa%ion1    
p>tly yield$ to !1 m or less intellig5t1
 solicitations ( _! subjects1 or !      
spokesm5 ( _! subjects1 & h in/all$     
in/itutional app>atus ( ?is mod]n       
patt]n--m 9 po9t ( =m ?an ( sub/ance1   
p]haps4 ,yet 9 "t ! adoption ( ! =ms is 

likely to h an effect1 if *ang+         
circum/ances favor _! tak+ effect4 ,su* 
has on ! :ole be5 ! exp]i5ce ( ^?       
peoples :o h gone be=e along ?is trail (
 political advance4 ,z in/ance ! gr[? ( 
discretion>y p[]s "u ! h&s ( p>liam5t>y 
repres5tatives 9 ^? cases :]e ! movem5t 
has gone on longe/ & f>!/2 & ^! in/ances
 %\ld n be consid]$ idle1 z intimations 
( :at may presumptively be look$ = "u ! 
,imp]ial e/abli%m5ts ( ,g]many or       
,japan4 ,x may be true t hi!rto1 along )
 ! really consid]able volume ( imitative
 ge/ures ( discretion>y delib]ation     
delegat$ to ^! p>liam5t>y bodies1 !y h z
 reg>ds all grav] matt]s br\ght to _!   
notice only be5 *>g$ ) a 7limit$7 p[] to
 talk4 ,x may be true t1 = ! pres5t1 on 
critical or weighty measures !          
p>liam5t>y discretion ext5ds no f>!r ?an
 respectfully to say3 ,ja wohl6 ,b !n1  
,ja wohl is also some?+2 & !re is no    
tell+ :]e x may all lead to 9 ! long    
c\rse ( ye>s4 ,"o has a vague           
appreh5sion t ?is ,ja wohl6 may "s day  

come to be a cu/om>ily necess>y =m (    
au!ntication1 s t )-hold+ x 7,beht' es  
,gott67 may ev5 come to c\nt z an       
effectual veto on measures s po9t$ly    
neglect$4 ,m p>ticul>ly w ! =malities ( 
repres5tation & self-gov]nm5t be likely 
to draw ! sub/ance ( su* l free         
in/itutions into ! effectual conduct (  
public affairs if x turns out t !       
workday exp]i5ces ( ^! p takes a turn m 
conducive to habits ( insubord9ation ?an
 has be5 ! case hi!rto4  ,indications   
are1 aga91 n want+1 t ev5 9 ! ,empire ! 
discipl9e ( workday exp]i5ce is already 
div]g+ f t l9e t once tra9$ ! ,g]man    
subjects into ! mo/ loyal & unrep9+     
subs]vi5ce to dyna/ic ambitions4 ,(     
c\rse1 j n[1 "u ! %att]+ impact ( w>like
 atrocities & patriotic clam\r1 !       
workday _s ( insubord9ation & critical  
scrut9y is gone out ( sight & out (     
he>+4  ,some?+ ( ?is in*oate            
insubord9ation has %[$ itself repeat$ly 
dur+ ! pres5t reign1 suffici5t to       
provoke _m %rewd protective measures on 

! side ( ! dyna/ic e/abli%m5t1 bo? by   
way ( political /rategy & by arbitr>y   
control4 ,disreg>d+ _m m9or &           
inconsequ5tial divisions ( op9ion &     
c\nsel among ! ,g]man p dur+ ?is ev5tful
 reign1 ! political situation has be5   
mov+ on ! play ( ?ree1 incipi5tly       
div]g5t1 /ra9s ( int]e/ & s5tim5t3 7a7 !
 dyna/y 7toge!r ) ! ,agr>ians1 ( :om 9 a
 s5se ! dyna/y is a "p72 7b7 !          
bus9essm51 or comm]cial int]e/ 7includ+ 
inve/ors72 & 7c7 ! indu/rial workm54    
,d\btless x w\ld be easi] to ov]/ate ?an
 to indicate ) any nice precision :at   
has be5 ! nature1 & especially ! degree1
 ( ?is ali5ation ( s5tim5t & div]g5ce ( 
consci\s int]e/ among ^! sev]al elem5ts4
 ,x is n t !re has at any po9t be5 a    
p]ceptible falt]+ 9 respect ( loyalty to
 ! cr[n z su*4 ,b s9ce ! cr[n belongs1  
by orig91 tradition1 int]e/ & spiritual 
id5tity1 9 ! camp ( ! ,agr>ians1 !      
situation has be5 su* z w\ld inevitably 
take on a "* ( disaffection t[>d !      
dyna/ic e/abli%m5t1 9 ! conceivable     

abs5ce ( t /rong surviv+ s5tim5t (      
dyna/ic loyalty t /ill animates all     
classes & conditions ( m5 9 ! ,fa!rl&4  
,x w\ld accord+ly1 aga91 be an          
ov]/atem5t to say t ! cr[n has be5 /&+  
prec>i\sly at ! apex ( a political      
triangle1 ! o!r two corn]s ( :i* are    
occupi$ by ^! two divid$ & pot5tially   
recalcitrant elem5ts ( ! body politic1  
held ap>t by class antipa?y & div]g5t   
pecuni>y int]e/1 & held 9 *eck by divid$
 c\nsels2 b some?+ aft] t fa%ion is :at 
w\ld h result$ "u simil> conditions (   
/ra9 9 any community :]e ! mod]n _s (   
insubord9ation has tak5 effect 9 any    
l>ge measure4  ,bo? ( ^! elem5ts (      
incipi5t di/urbance 9 ! dyna/ic economy1
 ! mod]n comm]cial & work+ classes1 are 
creatures ( ! new era2 & !y are         
sy/ematically out ( l9e ) ! receiv$     
dyna/ic tradition ( fealty1 bo? 9       
respect ( _! pecuni>y int]e/s & 9       
respect ( t discipl9e ( exp]i5ce to :i* 
_! workday employm5t subjects !m4 ,!y   
are sub/antially ! same two classes or  

gr\p+s t came =w>d 9 ! mod]nisation ( ! 
,briti% community1 ) a gradual          
segregation ( int]e/ & a consequ5t      
induc$ solid>ity ( class s5tim5t & class
 animosities4 ,b ) ! diff]5ce t 9 !     
,briti% case ! movem5t ( *ang+          
circum/ances 0 sl[ en\gh to all[ a fair 
degree ( habituation to ! alt]$ economic
 conditions2 :]eas 9 ! ,g]man case !    
move into mod]n economic conditions has 
be5 made s precipitately z to h c>ri$ ! 
m$iaeval frame ( m9d ov] virtually      
intact into ?is era ( l>ge bus9ess &    
ma*9e indu/ry4 ,9 ! ,fa!rl& ! comm]cial 
& indu/rial classes h be5 call$ on to   
play _! "p )\t "t to le>n _! l9es4  ,!  
case ( ! ,engli%-speak+ peoples1 :o h   
gone ov] ?is c\rse ( exp]i5ce 9 m       
consecutive fa%ion ?an any o!rs1 tea*es 
t 9 ! long run1 if ^! mod]n economic    
conditions p]si/1 "o or ! o!r or bo? (  
^! creatures ( ! mod]n era mu/ prevail1 
& mu/ put ! dyna/ic e/abli%m5t out (    
commission2 al?\gh ! sequel has n yet   
be5 se5 9 ?is ,briti% case1 & !re is no 

gr\nd af=d$ = inf]5ce z to :i* ( ! two w
 h ! =tune to survive & be inve/$ ) !   
hegemony4 ,meantime ! opportunity ( !   
,imp]ial e/abli%m5t to pu% its ent]prise
 9 dom9ion lies 9 ! int]val ( "t s      
requir$ = ! discipl9e ( exp]i5ce "u     
mod]n conditions to "w out ?r\gh ! gr[? 
( mod]n habits ( ?\ght into su* mod]n   
7i4e4 civilis$7 in/itutional =ms & su*  
settl$ pr9ciples ( p]sonal              
insubord9ation z w put any effectual    
dyna/ic e/abli%m5t out ( commission4 ,! 
same int]val ( "t1 t mu/ s be all[$ = ! 
decay ( ! dyna/ic _s among ! ,g]man p "u
 ! discipl9e ( life by ! me?ods ( mod]n 
trade & indu/ry1 m>ks ! p]iod dur+ :i*  
no peace compact w be practicable1      
except ) ! elim9ation ( ! ,imp]ial      
e/abli%m5t z a possible w>like p[]4 ,all
 ?is1 ( c\rse1 applies to ! case (      
,japan z well1 ) ! diff]5ce t :ile !    
,japanese p are f>!r 9 arre>s1 !y are   
also a small]1 less =midable body1 m    
expos$ to outside =ces1 & _! m$iaevalism
 is ( a m ar*aic & !re=e m prec>i\s     

type4  ,:at l5g? ( "t w be requir$ = ?is
 decay ( ! dyna/ic _s among ! p ( !     
,empire is1 ( c\rse1 impossible to say4 
,! factors ( ! case are n ( a "* to     
admit any?+ l calculation ( ! rate (    
movem5t2 b 9 ! nature ( ! factors       
involv$ x is also conta9$ t some?+ ( a  
movem5t 9 ?is direction is unavoidable1 
"u ,provid5ce4 ,z a prelim9>y           
consid]ation1 ^! peoples ( ! ,empire &  
its allies1 z well z _! enemies 9 !     
great w>1 w necess>ily come out ( _!    
w>like exp]i5ce 9 a m patriotic & m     
v9dictive frame ( m9d ?an t 9 :i* !y    
ent]$ on ?is adv5ture4 ,fight+ makes =  
malevol5ce4 ,! w> is itself to be c\nt$ 
z a set-back4 ,a v l>ge proportion ( ^? 
:o h liv$ ?r\gh x w necess>ily c>ry a   
w>like b5t ?r\gh life4 ,by t mu*1 :atev]
 x may c\nt =1 ! decay ( ! dyna/ic      
_s--or ! gr[? ( tol]ance & equity 9     
national s5tim5t1 if "o *ooses to put x 
t way--w be ret>d$ f be=eh&4 ,s also !  
,imp]ial e/abli%m5t1 or :atev] is left (
 x1 may be c\nt$ on to d ev]y?+ 9 its   

p[] to pres]ve ! popul> _s ( loyalty &  
national animosity1 by all means at its 
disposal2 s9ce ! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t    
f9ally re/s on ! effectual body (       
national animosity4 ,:at h9drance w come
 9 f ?is ag5cy ( ret>dation c at lea/   
vaguely be guess$ at1 9 ! light ( :at   
has be5 accompli%$ 9 t way "u ! /r5u\sly
 reaction>y rule ( ! pres5t reign4      
,aga91 !re is ! *ance1 z !re always is a
 *ance ( human folly1 t ! neighbor+     
peoples w und]take1 :e!r jo9tly or      
sev]ally1 to re/rict or prohibit trade  
relations betwe5 ! p ( ! ,empire & _!   
enemies 9 ! pres5t w>2 !reby fom5t+     
int]national animosity1 z well z        
contribut+ directly to ! economic       
read9ess = w> bo? on _! own "p & on t ( 
! ,empire4 ,?is is also1 & 9 an em95t   
degree1 an unkn[n factor 9 ! case1 on   
:i* n ev5 a reasonable guess c be made  
be=eh&4 ,^! are1 all & sev]al1          
reaction>y ag5cies1 factors (           
ret>dation1 mak+ = cont9uation ( !      
curr5t int]national situation (         

animosity1 di/ru/1 *icane1 trade        
rivalry1 competitive armam5t1 & ev5tual 
w>like ent]prise4         99       99   
99       99       99  ,to (fset ^!      
ag5cies ( cons]vatism !re is no?+ mu* t 
c be c\nt$ on b t sl[1 r&om1 &          
ess5tially insidi\s work+ ( habituation 
t t5ds to ! obsolesc5ce ( ! receiv$     
preconceptions2 p>tly by supplant+ !m ) 
some?+ new1 b m effectually by _! fall+ 
into disuse & decay4 ,!re is1 x w h to  
be admitt$1 little ( a positive "* t c  
be done t[>d ! in/allation ( a rgime (  
peace & good-w4 ,! endeav\rs ( !        
pacifi/s %\ld suffice to conv9ce any    
dispassionate obs]v] ( ! sub/antial     
futility ( creative ef=ts look+ to su*  
an end4 ,mu* c d\btless be done 9 ! way 
( precaution>y measures1 mo/ly ( a      
negative "*1 9 ! way especially ( remov+
 s\rces ( infection & 7possibly7 ( s    
/]ilis+ ! app>atus ( national life t its
 work+ %all nei!r ma9ta9 animosities &  
int]e/s at v>iance ) ! conditions (     
peace nor contribute to _! spread &     

gr[?4  ,!re is necess>ily little hope or
 prospect t any national e/abli%m5t w   
contribute mat]ially or 9 any direct way
 to ! obsolesc5ce ( w>like s5tim5ts &   
ambitions2 s9ce su* e/abli%m5ts are     
design$ = ! mak+ ( w> by keep+ national 
jeal\sies intact1 & _! accept$ place 9  
affairs is t ( prep>ation = ev5tual     
ho/ilities1 def5sive or (f5sive4 ,except
 = ! cont+5cy ( ev5tual ho/ilities1 no  
national e/abli%m5t c\ld be kept 9      
c\nt5ance4 ,!y w\ld all fall into !     
decay ( desuetude1 j z has happ5$ to !  
dyna/ic e/abli%m5ts among ^? peoples :o 
h 7passably7 lo/ ! _s ( dyna/ic         
aggression4  ,! mod]n indu/rial         
occupations1 ! mod]n te*nology1 & t     
mod]n empirical sci5ce t runs s close to
 ! fronti]s ( te*nology1 all "w at cross
 purposes ) ! receiv$ preconceptions ( !
 nationali/ ord]2 & 9 a m pron\nc$      
degree !y are at cross purposes ) t     
dyna/ic ord] ( preconceptions t conv]ges
 on ,imp]ial dom9ion4 ,! l is true1 ) a 
diff]5ce1 ( ! ways1 means & r\t9e (     

bus9ess ent]prise z x is conduct$ 9 !   
comm]cialis$ communities ( today4 ,!    
work+ ( ^! ag5cies runs to ?is effect n 
by way ( delib]ate & de/ructive         
antagonism1 b almo/ :olly by =ce (      
sy/ematic1 ?\gh un9t5d$ & incid5tal1    
neglect ( ^? values1 /&>ds1 v]ities1 &  
gr\nds ( discrim9ation & conviction t   
make up ! work+ realities ( ! national  
_s & ( dyna/ic ambition4 ,! work+       
concepts ( ?is new1 ess5tially          
me*ani/ic1 ord] ( human int]e/s1 d n    
necess>ily cla% ) ^? ( ! old ord]1      
ess5tially ! ord] ( p]sonages &         
p]sonalities2 ! two are incomm5surable1 
& !y are incompatible only 9 ! s5se &   
degree impli$ 9 t /ate ( ! case4 ,!     
pr(\nde/ & mo/ m]itori\s tru?s ( dyna/ic
 politics c on no provocation & by no   
sleight ( h& be br\ght )9 ! logic ( t   
sy/em ( k & appraisal ( values by :i* ! 
me*ani/ic te*nology proce$s4 ,)9 !      
premises ( ?is mod]n me*ani/ic indu/ry &
 sci5ce all ! be/ values & v]ities ( !  
dyna/ic ord] are simply incompet5t1     

irrelevant & imp]t95t4  ,!re is         
accord+ly no unavoidable cla% & no      
necess>y friction betwe5 ! two s*emes ( 
k or ! two habits ( m9d t *>act]ise !   
two contra/$ cultural eras4 ,x is only t
 a giv5 individual--call him ! common   
man--w n be occupi$ ) bo? ( ^!          
incomm5surable sy/ems ( logic &         
appreciation at ! same "t or be>+ on !  
same po9t2 & fur!r t 9 proportion z 8   
wak+ h\rs & 8 m5tal en]gy are fully     
occupi$ )9 ! l9es ( "o ( ^! sy/ems ( k1 
design & employm5t1 9 mu* ! same measure
 he w necess>ily neglect ! o!r1 & 9 "t  
he w lose pr(ici5cy & int]e/ 9 its      
pursuits & its conclusions4 ,! man :o is
 s held by 8 daily employm5t & 8        
life-long att5tion )9 ! range ( habits (
 ?\ght t are valid 9 ! me*ani/ic        
te*nology1 w1 on an av]age & 9 ! long   
run1 lose 8 grip on ! spiritual virtues 
( national pre/ige & dyna/ic primacy2 = 
!y are fooli%ness unto him2 nei!r c he  
"k !m1 because !y are spiritually       
disc]n$4  ,n t ! adepts 9 ?is mod]n     

me*ani/ic sy/em ( k & design may n also 
be v good patriots & devot$ s]vants ( ! 
dyna/y4 ,! artless &1 on ! :ole1        
spontane\s riot ( dyna/ic avidity       
display$ to ! a/oni%$ eyes ( _! fell[   
craftsm5 9 ! neutral c\ntries by ! mo/  
em95t sci5ti/s ( ! ,fa!rl& dur+ ! e>ly  
mon?s ( ! w> %\ld be suffici5t w>n+ t ! 
ar*aic preconceptions d n hurri$ly fly  
out ( ! w9d[ :5 ! habits ( ?\ght ( !    
me*ani/ic ord] come 9 at ! door4 ,b ) ! 
passage ( "t1 p]vasively1 by            
imp]ceptible displacem5t1 by ! decay (  
habitual disuse1 z well z by habitual   
occupation ) ^! o!r & unrelat$ ways &   
means ( k & belief1 dyna/ic loyalty & ! 
l conceptions 9 ! realm ( religion &    
magic pass out ( ! field ( att5tion &   
fall ins5sibly into ! category ( ! lo/  
arts4 ,p>ticul>ly w ?is be true ( !     
common man1 :o lives1 some:at           
*>act]i/ically1 9 ! mass & 9 ! pres5t1 &
 ^: wak+ h\rs are some:at fully occupi$ 
) :at he has to d4  ,) ! comm]cial      
int]e/s ! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t c probably

 make su* t]ms z to induce _! support ( 
! dyna/ic ent]prise1 s9ce !y c app>5tly 
always be made to believe t an ext5sion 
( ! ,imp]ial dom9ion w br+ correspond+ly
 increas$ opportunities ( trade4 ,x is  
d\btless a mi/ake1 b x is commonly      
believ$ by ! int]e/$ p>ties1 :i* is j z 
good = ! purpose z if x 7 true4 ,& x    
%\ld be add$ t 9 ?is1 z 9 o!r in/ances (
 ! que/ ( l>g] m>kets1 ! co/s are to be 
paid by someone else ?an ! presum$      
comm]cial b5efici>ies2 :i* br+s ! matt] 
"u ! de>e/ pr9ciple kn[n to bus9essm53 t
 ( gett+ some?+ = no?+4 ,x w n be       
equally easy to keep ! affections ( !   
common man loyal to ! dyna/ic ent]prise 
:5 he beg9s to lose 8 grip on ! ar*aic  
fai? 9 dyna/ic dom9ion & comes to       
realise t he has also--individually & 9 
! mass--no mat]ial int]e/ ev5 9 ! def5se
 ( ! ,fa!rl&1 mu* less 9 ! fur!r        
ext5sion ( ,imp]ial rule4  ,b ! "t :5   
?is process ( disillusionm5t & decay (  
ideals %all h gone f> en\gh among !     
common run to af=d no secure foot+ 9    

popul> s5tim5t = ! contemplat$ ,imp]ial 
ent]prise1--?is "t is d\btless f> 9 !   
future1 z comp>$ ) ! int]val (          
prep>ation requir$ = a new onset4       
,habituation takes "t1 p>ticul>ly su*   
habituation z c be c\nt$ on to d]ange ! 
habitual b5t ( a great population 9     
respect ( _! de>e/ preconceptions4 ,x w 
take a v appreciable space ( "t ev5 9 ! 
case ( a populace s accessible to new   
habits ( ?\ght z ! ,g]man p are by      
virtue ( _! slight p]c5tage ( illit]acy1
 ! v l>ge proportion engag$ 9 ^? mod]n  
indu/ries t con/antly require "s        
intellig5t insight into me*ani/ic facts1
 ! d5sity ( population & ! adequate     
means ( communication1 & ! ext5t to :i* 
! :ole population is caught 9 ! web (   
me*anically /&>dis$ processes t         
condition _! daily life at e turn4 ,z   
reg>ds _! te*nological situation1 & _!  
exposure to ! discipl9e ( indu/rial     
life1 no o!r population ( ne>ly ! same  
volume is plac$ 9 a position s conducive
 to a rapid acquirem5t ( ! _s ( ! mod]n 

era4 ,b1 also1 no o!r p comp>able ) !   
population ( ! ,fa!rl& has s l>ge &     
well-knit a body ( ar*aic preconceptions
 to unle>n4 ,_! ne>e/ analogue1 ( c\rse1
 is ! ,japanese nation4  ,9 all ?is !re 
is1 ( c\rse1 no incl9ation to ca/ a slur
 on ! ,g]man p4 ,9 po9t ( racial        
*>act]i/ics !re is no diff]5ce betwe5 !m
 & _! neighb\rs4 ,& !re is no reason to 
"q _! good int5tions4 ,inde$1 x may     
safely be ass]t$ t no p is m consci\sly 
well-mean+ ?an ! *ildr5 ( ! ,fa!rl&4 ,x 
is only t1 ) _! ar*aic preconceptions ( 
:at is "r & m]itori\s1 _! be/ int5tions 
spell malevol5ce :5 project$ into !     
civilis$ _w z x /&s today4 ,& by no     
fault ( !irs4 ,nor is x meant to be     
intimat$ t _! rate ( approa* to !       
accept$ ,occid5tal /&>d ( in/itutional  
maturity w be unduly sl[ or unduly      
reluctant1 s soon z ! p]t95t facts (    
mod]n life beg9 effectively to %ape _!  
habits ( ?\ght4 ,x is only t1 human     
nature--& human second nature--be+ :at x
 always has be51 ! rate ( approa* ( !   

,g]man p to a passably neutral          
complexion 9 matt]s ( int]national      
animosity & aggression mu/ necess>ily be
 sl[ en\gh to all[ ample "t = ! r5ew$   
prep>ation ( a m unsp>+ & r$\btable     
endeav\r on ! "p ( ! ,imp]ial           
e/abli%m5t4  ,:at makes ?is ,g]man      
,imp]ial e/abli%m5t r$\btable1 beyond   
comp>ison1 is ! v simple b also v grave 
comb9ation ( circum/ances :]eby ! ,g]man
 p h acquir$ ! use ( ! mod]n indu/rial  
arts 9 ! highe/ /ate ( effici5cy1 at !  
same "t t !y h reta9$ unabat$ !         
fanatical loyalty ( feudal b>b>ism4#i ,s
 long1 & 9 s f>1 z ?is conjunction (    
=ces holds !re is no outlook = peace    
except on ! elim9ation ( ,g]many z a p[]
 capable ( di/urb+ ! peace4  ,footnote  
#i3 ,= an ext5d$ discussion ( ?is po9t1 
see ,imp]ial ,g]many & ! ,indu/rial     
,revolution1 especially *4 v4 & vi4  ,x 
may seem invidi\s to speak s recurr5tly 
( ! ,g]man ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t z ! sole 
pot5tial di/urb] ( ! peace 9 ,europe4 ,!
 reason = s s+l+ out ! ,empire = ?is    

invidi\s di/9ction--( m]it or dem]it1 z 
"o may incl9e to take x--is t ! facts   
run t way4 ,!re is1 ( c\rse1 o!r human  
mat]ial1 & no small volume ( x 9 !      
aggregate1 t is ( mu* ! same "*1 &      
s]viceable = ! same purposes z !        
res\rces & man-p[] ( ! ,empire4 ,b ?is  
o!r mat]ial c come effectually into be>+
 z a means ( di/urbance only 9 s f> z x 
clu/]s ab\t ! ,imp]ial dyna/y & m>*es "u
 8 bann]s4 ,9 s speak+ ( ! ,imp]ial     
e/abli%m5t z ! sole enemy ( a ,european 
peace1 !re=e1 ^! outly+ o!rs are tak5 = 
grant$1 v mu* z "o takes ! nimbus =     
grant$ 9 speak+ ( "o ( ! great] sa9ts ( 
,god4         99       99       99      
99       99  ,s ! argum5t returns to !  
alt]native3 ,peace by unconditional     
surr5d] & submission1 or peace by       
elim9ation ( ,imp]ial ,g]many 7&        
,japan74 ,!re is no middle c\rse app>5t4
 ,! old-fa%ion$--t is to say            
n9ete5?-c5tury--plan ( competitive      
def5sive armam5t & a balance ( p[]s has 
be5 tri$1 & x has n prov$ to be a       

success1 ev5 s e>ly 9 ! tw5tie? c5tury4 
,?is plan (f]s a sub/itute 7,ersatz7 =  
peace2 b ev5 z su* x has become         
impracticable4 ,! mod]n1 or r ! curr5t  
late-mod]n1 /ate ( ! indu/rial arts does
 n tol]ate x4 ,te*nological k has ?r[n !
 advantage 9 milit>y affairs def9itively
 to ! (f5sive1 p>ticul>ly to ! (f5sive t
 is prep>$ be=eh& ) ! suitable          
appliances & ) m5 ready matur$ 9 t      
rigor\s & protract$ tra9+ by :i* alone  
!y c become compet5t to make w>like use 
( ^! suitable appliances provid$ by !   
mod]n te*nology4 ,at ! same "t1 & by    
grace ( ! same advance 9 te*nology1 any 
well-design$ (f5sive c effectually rea* 
any giv5 community1 9 spite ( di/ance or
 ( o!r natural ob/acles4 ,! era (       
def5sive armam5ts & diplomatic          
equilibration1 z a sub/itute = peace1   
has be5 def9itively clos$ by ! mod]n    
/ate ( ! indu/rial arts4  ,( ! two      
alt]natives spok5 ( above1 ! =m]--peace 
by submission "u an ali5 dyna/y--is     
presumably n a practicable solution1 z  

has appe>$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! =ego+ argum5t4 
,! mod]n nations are n spiritually ripe 
= x4 ,:e!r !y h rea*$ ev5 t /age (      
national sobriety1 or neutrality1 t w\ld
 enable !m to live at peace among       
!mselves aft] elim9ation ( ! ,imp]ial   
,p[]s is /ill op5 to an uneasy d\bt4 ,x 
w\ld be by a prec>i\s m>g9 t !y c be    
c\nt$ on s to keep ! peace 9 ! abs5ce ( 
provocation f )\t ! pale4 ,_!           
pr$ilection = peace goes to no great]   
l5g?s ?an is impli$ 9 ! =mula3 ,peace ) 
,hon\r2 :i* assur$ly does n cov] a peace
 ( non-resi/ance1 & :i*1 9 effect1      
leaves ! di/9ction betwe5 an (f5sive & a
 def5sive w> some:at at loose ends4 ,!  
national pre/ige is /ill a live asset 9 
! m9d ( ^! peoples2 & ! limit ( tol]ance
 9 respect ( ?is patriotic animosity    
appe>s to be drawn appreciably clos] ?an
 ! =mula cit$ above w\ld necess>ily     
presume4 ,!y w fight on provocation1 & !
 degree ( provocation requir$ to upset !
 s]5ity ( ^! sportsmanlike mod]n peoples
 is a po9t on :i* ! %rewde/ guesses may 

div]ge4 ,/ill1 op9ion runs m & m        
consi/5tly to ! effect t if ^!          
mod]n--say ! ,fr5* & !                  
,engli%-speak+--peoples 7 left to _! own
 devices ! peace might fairly be c\nt$  
on to be kept betwe5 !m indef9itely1    
b>r+ un=ese5 cont+5cies4  ,exp]i5ce     
tea*es t w>like ent]prise on a mod]ate  
scale & z a side int]e/ is by no means  
incompatible ) su* a degree ( neutral   
animus z ^! peoples h yet               
acquir$1--e4g41 ! ,spani%-,am]ican w>1  
:i* 0 made 9 ,am]ica1 or ! ,bo] w>1 :i* 
0 made 9 ,engl&4 ,b ^! w>s1 9 spite ( ! 
dim5sions :i* !y pres5tly took on1 7    
aft] all ( ! nature ( episodes1--! "o   
*iefly an ext5sion ( sportsman%ip1 :i*  
engag$ ! be/ att5tion ( only ! m        
sportsmanlike elem5ts1 ! o!r *iefly     
eng9e]$ by c]ta9 bus9ess int]e/s ) a    
call\s view to gett+ some?+ = no?+4 ,bo?
 episodes came to be s]i\s en\gh1 bo? 9 
_! imm$iate incid5ce & 9 _! consequ5ces2
 b nei!r comm&$ ! delib]ate & cordial   
support ( ! community at l>ge4 ,!re is a

 m]etrici\s air ov] bo?2 & !re is app>5t
 a popul> incl9ation to condone r ?an to
 take pride 9 ^! faits accomplis4 ,! "o 
excursion 0 a product ( sportsmanlike   
bravado1 f$ on boyi% exub]ance1 fom5t$ =
 m]c5>y objects by c]ta9 bus9ess int]e/s
 & place-hunt+ politicians1 & incit$ by 
m]etrici\s newspap]s ) a view to        
increase _! circulation4 ,! o!r 0 set   
afoot by int]e/$ bus9essm51 back$ by    
politicians1 second$ by newspap]s1 &    
borne by ! community at l>ge1 9 great "p
 "u misappreh5sion & /ung by w\nd$      
pride4  ,op9ions w div]ge widely z to ! 
*ances ( peace 9 a community ( nations  
among :om episodes ( ?is "*1 & ( su*    
dim5sions1 h be5 some:at m ?an tol]at$ 9
 ! imm$iate pa/4 ,b ! cons5sus ( op9ion 
9 ^! same c\ntries appe>s to be sett+ ) 
fair consi/5cy to ! p]suasion t ! popul>
 _s %[n 9 ^! & 9 analog\s conjunctures 9
 ! rec5t pa/ gives w>rant t peace is    
delib]ately desir$ & is likely to be    
ma9ta9$1 b>r+ un=ese5 cont+5cies4       
99       99       99       99       99  

,9 ! l>ge1 ! measures conducive to !    
p]petuation ( peace1 & necess>y to be   
tak51 are simple & obvi\s2 & !y are     
l>gely ( a negative "*1 exploits (      
omission & neglect4 ,"u mod]n           
conditions1 & b>r+ aggression f )\t1 !  
peace is kept by avoid+ ! break+ ( x4 ,x
 does n break ( itself1--9 ! abs5ce (   
su* national e/abli%m5ts z are organis$ 
) ! sole ult]ior view ( w>like          
ent]prise4 ,a policy ( peace is obvi\sly
 a policy ( avoidance1--avoidance (     
(f5se & ( occasion = annoyance4  ,:at is
 requir$ to insure ! ma9t5ance ( peace  
among pacific nations is !              
neutralisation ( all ^? human relations 
out ( :i* int]national grievances are   
wont to arise4 ,& :at is necess>y to    
assure a reasonable expectation (       
cont9u$ peace is ! neutralisation ( s   
mu* ( ^! relations z ! patriotic        
self-conceit & cr$ulity ( ^! peoples w  
p]mit4 ,^! two =mulations are by no     
means id5tical2 inde$1 ! disp>ity betwe5
 :at c\ld advantage\sly be disp5s$ ) 9 !

 way ( national rights & pret5sions1 &  
:at ! common run ( mod]n patriots c\ld  
be induc$ to rel9qui%1 is probably mu*  
l>g] ?an any sangu9e p]son w\ld l to    
believe4 ,x %\ld be pla9 on slight      
reflection t ! great] "p1 inde$         
sub/antially ! :ole1 ( ^? mat]ial       
int]e/s & dem&s t n[ engage ! policy ( !
 nations1 & t s]ve on occasion to set !m
 at v>iance1 might be neutralis$ or     
rel9qui%$ out ( h&1 )\t detrim5t to any 
"o ( ! peoples conc]n$4  ,! great] "p ( 
^! mat]ial int]e/s ov] :i* ! v>i\s      
national e/abli%m5ts keep wat* & hold   
pret5sions are1 9 po9t ( hi/orical      
d]ivation1 a legacy f ! pr9cely politics
 ( :at is call$ ! ,m]cantili/ p]iod2 &  
!y are uni=mly ( ! nature ( gratuit\s   
int]f]5ce or discrim9ation betwe5 !     
citiz5s ( ! giv5 nation & outsid]s4     
,except 7d\btfully7 9 ! ,engli% case1   
:]e m]cantili/ policies are commonly    
believ$ to h be5 adopt$ directly = !    
b5efit ( ! comm]cial int]e/1 measures ( 
?is nature are uni=mly traceable to !   

endeav\rs ( ! cr[n & its (fic]s to      
/r5g!n ! f9ances ( ! pr9ce & give him an
 advantage 9 w>like ent]prise4 ,!y are  
kept up ess5tially = ! same ev5tual end 
( prep>ation = w>4 ,s1 e4g41 protective 
t>iffs1 & ! l discrim9ation 9 %ipp+1 are
 /ill advocat$ z a means ( mak+ ! nation
 self-support+1 self-conta9$1           
self-suffici5t2 ) a view to read9ess 9 !
 ev5t ( ho/ilities4  ,a nation is 9 no  
degree bett] (f 9 "t ( peace = be+      
self-suffici5t4 ,9 po9t ( pat5t fact no 
nation c be indu/rially self-suffici5t  
except at ! co/ ( =ego+ "s ( ! economic 
advantages ( t specialisation ( indu/ry 
:i* ! mod]n /ate ( ! indu/rial arts     
en=ces4 ,9 "t ( peace !re is no b5efit  
comes to ! community at l>ge f su*      
re/ra9t ( trade ) ! outside _w1 or to   
any class or section ( ! community      
except ^? comm]cial conc]ns t are favor$
 by ! discrim9ation2 & ^! inv>iably ga9 
_! special advantage at ! co/ ( _!      
compatriots4 ,discrim9ation 9           
trade--export1 import or %ipp+--has no m

 b5eficial effect :5 c>ri$ out publicly 
by ! national au?orities ?an :5 effect$ 
surreptiti\sly & illegally by a private 
conspiracy 9 re/ra9t ( trade )9 a gr\p (
 int]e/$ bus9ess conc]ns4  ,hi!rto !    
common man has f\nd x difficult to dive/
 himself ( an habitual delusion on ?is  
head1 h&$ d[n out ( ! pa/ & inculcat$ by
 int]e/$ politicians1 to ! effect t 9 "s
 my/]i\s way he /&s to ga9 by limit+ 8  
own opportunities4 ,b ! neutralisation (
 int]national trade1 or ! abrogation (  
all discrim9ation 9 trade1 is ! beg9n+ (
 wisdom z t\*es ! p]petuation ( peace4  
,! fir/ effect ( su* a neutral policy   
w\ld be wid] & m intricately int]lock+  
trade relations1 c\pl$ ) a fur!r        
specialisation & mutual dep5d5ce (      
indu/ry betwe5 ! sev]al c\ntries        
conc]n$2 :i* w\ld mean1 9 t]ms (        
int]national comity1 a less5$ read9ess =
 w>like op]ations all ar\nd4  ,x us$ to 
be an argum5t ( ! free-trad]s t ! gr[? (
 int]national comm]cial relations "u a  
free-trade policy w\ld greatly conduce  

to a _s ( mutual und]/&+ & =be>ance     
betwe5 ! nations4 ,!re may or may n be  
some?+ appreciable 9 ! cont5tion2 x has 
be5 d\bt$1 & !re is no consid]able      
evid5ce to be _h 9 support ( x4 ,b :at  
is m to ! po9t is ! tangible fact t su* 
specialisation ( indu/ry & consequ5t    
indu/rial int]dep5d5ce w\ld leave all   
p>ties to ?is relation less capable1    
mat]ially & spiritually1 to break (f    
amicable relations4 ,s aga91 9 "t (     
peace & except ) a view to ev5tual      
ho/ilities1 x w\ld involve no loss1 &   
presumably little pecuni>y ga91 to any  
c\ntry1 locality1 t[n or class1 if all  
m]*ant %ipp+ 7 regi/]$ indiscrim9ately  
"u neutral colors & sail$ "u ! neutral  
no-man's flag1 responsible              
indiscrim9ately to ! c\rts :]e !y t\*$  
or :]e _! bus9ess 0 transact$4  ,nei!r  
produc]s1 %ipp]s1 m]*ants nor consum]s h
 any slighte/ int]e/ 9 ! national       
allegiance ( ! c>ri]s ( _! freight1     
except su* z may artificially be induc$ 
by discrim9atory %ipp+ regulations4 ,9  

all b ! "n--9 "t ( peace--! _w's m]*ant 
%ipp+ already comes ne> be+ s           
neutralis$1 & ! slight fur!r            
simplification requir$ to leave x on a  
neutral peace foot+ w\ld be little else 
?an a neglect ( su* vexati\s            
discrim9ation z is /ill 9 =ce4 ,if no   
nation c\ld claim ! allegiance1 & !re=e 
! usufruct1 ( any giv5 item ( m]*ant    
%ipp+ 9 case ( ev5tual ho/ilities1 on   
acc\nt ( ! domicile ( ! own]s or ! port 
( regi/ry1 t w\ld create a fur!r h&icap 
on ev5tual w>like ent]prise & add s mu* 
to ! m>g9 ( tol]ance4 ,at ! same "t1 9 !
 ev5t ( ho/ilities1 %ipp+ sail+ "u !    
neutral no-man's flag & subject to no   
national allegiance w\ld enjoy su*      
immunities z /ill inure to neutral      
%ipp+4 ,x is true1 neutrality has n     
c>ri$ _m immunities lately4             
,cumulatively effective usage & !       
exig5cies ( a l>ge1 v>i$1 %ift+ &       
ext5sive m>itime trade h 9 ! c\rse ( "t 
br\ght m]*ant %ipp+ to some?+ approa*+ a
 neutral foot+4 ,= mo/1 "o might v5ture 

to say = virtually all1 r\t9e purposes (
 bus9ess & legal liability ! m]*ant     
%ipp+ comes "u ! jurisdiction ( ! local 
c\rts1 )\t res]vation4 ,x is true1 !re  
/ill are =malities & res]vations :i*    
enable que/ions aris+ out ( incid5ts 9 !
 %ipp+ trade to become subject (        
int]national conf]5ce & adju/m5t1 b !y  
are aft] all n su* z w\ld w>rant !      
erection ( national app>atus to take c>e
 ( !m 9 case !y 7 n already cov]$ by    
usage to t effect4 ,! visible drift (   
usage t[>d neutralisation 9 m]*ant      
%ipp+1 9 m>itime trade1 & 9 int]national
 comm]cial transactions1 toge!r ) !     
simil>ly visible feasibility ( a clos]  
approa* to unres]v$ neutralisation ( ?is
 :ole range ( traffic1 sugge/s t mu* !  
same l9e ( consid]ations %\ld apply z   
reg>ds ! p]sonal & pecuni>y rights (    
citiz5s travel+ or resid+ abroad4 ,!    
extreme1--or1 z se5 f ! pres5t po9t (   
view1 ! ultimate--t]m 9 ! rel9qui%m5t ( 
national pret5sions along ?is l9e w\ld (
 c\rse be ! neutralisation ( citiz5%ip4 

,?is is n s sweep+ a move z a           
patriotically-m9d$ p]son might imag9e on
 ! fir/ al>m1 s f> z t\*es ! practical  
/atus ( ! ord9>y citiz5 9 8 ord9>y      
relations1 & p>ticul>ly among !         
,engli%-speak+ peoples4 ,z an           
illu/rative in/ance1 citiz5%ip has sat  
some:at lightly on ! d5iz5s ( ! ,am]ican
 republic1 & ) no evid5t damage to !    
community at l>ge or to ! inhabitants 9 
detail4 ,naturalisation has be5 easy1 & 
has be5 s\ght ) no m eag]ness1 on !     
:ole1 ?an ! notably l[ t]ms ( its       
acquirem5t w\ld indicate4 ,)\t loss or  
discom=t _m law-abid+ ali5s h settl$ 9  
?is c\ntry & sp5t ! great] "p ( a       
life-"t "u its laws )\t becom+ citiz5s1 
& no "o ! worse or ! wis] = x4 ,n       
infrequ5tly ! decisive inducem5t to     
naturalisation on ! "p ( immigrant ali5s
 has be51 & is1 ! desirability ( dive/+ 
!mselves ( _! rights ( citiz5%ip 9 !    
c\ntry ( _! orig94 ,n t ! privilege &   
dignity ( citiz5%ip1 9 ?is or 9 any o!r 
c\ntry1 is to be held ( little acc\nt4  

,x is r t "u mod]n civilis$ conditions1 
& among a p gov]n$ by s5tim5ts (        
humanity & equity1 ! /rang] )9 our gates
 suff]s no obloquy & no despiteful usage
 = be+ a /rang]4 ,x may be admitt$ t (  
late1 ) ! fom5tation ( a m acc5tuat$    
nationalism by politicians seek+ a      
raison d'tre1 additional difficulties h 
be5 creat$ 9 ! way ( naturalisation & ! 
l incid5ts4 ,/ill1 :5 all is told ( !   
av]age ,am]ican citiz51 qua citiz51 !re 
is n mu* to tell4 ,! l is true ?r\gh\t !
 ,engli%-speak+ peoples1 )              
inconsequ5tial all[ance = local color4  
,a def9itive neutralisation ( citiz5%ip 
)9 ! range ( ^! ,engli%-speak+ c\ntries 
w\ld sc>cely ripple ! surface ( ?+s z !y
 are--9 "t ( peace4  ,all ( :i* has n   
t\*$ ! sore & sacr$ spot 9 ! receiv$    
s*eme ( citiz5%ip & its rights &        
liabilities4 ,x is 9 ! ev5t ( ho/ilities
 t ! liabilities ( ! citiz5 at home come
 into ! =egr\nd1 & x is z a s\rce (     
patriotic grievance look+ to w>like     
retaliation t ! rights ( ! citiz5 abroad

 *iefly come into ! case4  ,if1 z 0     
once1 almo/ inaudibly1 h9t$ by a        
well-reg>d$ /atesman1 ! national        
e/abli%m5t %\ld refuse to jeop>dise !   
public peace = ! safegu>d+ ( ! p]son &  
prop]ty ( citiz5s :o g out 9 p>tes      
infidelium on _! own private conc]ns1 & 
%\ld s leave !m "u ! uncurb$            
jurisdiction ( ! au?orities 9 ^?        
c\ntries into :i* !y h intrud$1 ! result
 might 9 _m cases be h>d%ip to su*      
individuals4 ,?is w\ld1 ( c\rse1 be true
 almo/ exclusively ( su* in/ances only z
 occur 9 su* localities z are1          
tempor>ily or p]man5tly1 outside ! pale 
( mod]n law & ord]4 ,&1 x may be 9 place
 to rem>k1 in/ances ( su* h>d%ip1 ) !   
accompany+ haz>d ( national             
complications1 w\ld1 no d\bt1 greatly   
dim9i% 9 frequ5cy consequ5t ^u !        
promulgation ( su* a disclaim] (        
national responsibility = ! cont9u$     
well-be+ ( citiz5s :o s expatriate      
!mselves 9 ! pursuit ( _! own advantage 
or amusem5t4 ,meantime1 let x n seem    

inconsid]ate to recall t to ! community 
at l>ge ! deplorable case ( su*         
expatriates "u h>d%ip involves no loss  
or ga9 9 ! mat]ial respect2 & t1 except 
= ! =tuit\s circum/ance ( 8 be+ a       
compatriot1 ! giv5 individual's p]sonal 
or pecuni>y =tune 9 =eign p>ts has no   
special claim on 8 compatriots' sympa?y 
or assi/ance2 f :i* x foll[s also t ) ! 
def9itive neutralisation ( citiz5%ip z  
t\*es expatriates1 ! sympa?y :i* is n[  
some:at un9tellig5tly conf9$ to su*     
cases1 on :at may )\t (f5se be call$    
extrane\s gr\nds1 w\ld some:at m        
imp>tially & humanely ext5d to fell[m5 9
 di/ress1 reg>dless ( nativity or       
naturalisation4  ,:at is ma9ly to ! po9t
 "h1 h[ev]1 is ! fact t if citiz5%ip 7 s
 neutralis$ )9 ! range ( neutral        
c\ntries "h contemplat$1 "o fur!r s\rce 
( provocation to int]national jeal\sy & 
di/ru/ w\ld drop out ( ! situation4 ,& x
 is n easy to detect any elem5t (       
mat]ial loss involv$ 9 su* a move4 ,9 ! 
mat]ial respect no individual w\ld be   

any ! worse (f1 ) ! d\btful & dubi\s    
exception ( ! expatriate =tune-hunt]1 :o
 aims to fi% safely 9 tr\bl$ wat]s at 8 
compatriots' exp5se4 ,b ! case /&s      
o!rwise z reg>ds ! balance ( immat]ial  
assets4 ,! scaffold+ ( mu* highly-priz$ 
s5tim5t w\ld collapse1 & ! _w ( poetry &
 pageantry--p>ticul>ly t ( ! tawdri] & m
 v5dible poetry & pageantry--w\ld be    
poor] by s mu*4 ,! ,man ,)\t a ,c\ntry  
w\ld lose 8 pa!tic appeal1 or w\ld at   
any rate lose mu* ( x4 ,x may be1 (     
c\rse1 t 9 ! sequel !re w\ld result no  
net loss ev5 9 respect ( ^! immat]ial   
assets ( s5tim5tal animation & patriotic
 self-complac5cy1 b x is aft] all fairly
 c]ta9 t some?+ w\ld be lo/1 & x is by  
no means cle> :at if any?+ w\ld come 9  
to fill its place4  ,an hi/orical       
p>allel may help to illu/rate ! po9t4 ,9
 ! movem5t out ( :at may be call$ !     
royal age ( dyna/ies & *ivalric s]vice1 
^? peoples :o h mov$ out ( t age & out (
 its spiritual atmosph]e h lo/ mu* ( !  
consci\s magnanimity & conviction ( m]it

 t once *>act]is$ t ord] ( ?+s1 z x /ill
 cont9ues to *>act]ise ! preval5t habit 
( m9d 9 ! c\ntries t /ill cont9ue "u !  
ar*aic ord] ( dyna/ic ma/]y & s]vice4 ,b
 x is also to be not$ t ^! peoples :o s 
h mov$ out ( ! ar*aic ord] appe> to be  
well cont5t ) ?is *ange ( spiritual     
atmosph]e1 & !y are ev5 fairly well     
p]suad$1 9 ! common run1 t ! move has   
br\ght !m "s net ga9 9 ! way ( human    
dignity & neighb\rly tol]ance1 su* z to 
(fset any loss incurr$ on ! h]oic &     
invidi\s side ( life4 ,su* is ! temp]+  
=ce ( habit4 ,:]eas1 e4g41 on ! o!r h&1 
! peoples ( ^! surviv+ dyna/ic ,/ates1  
to :i* x is necess>y cont9ually to      
recur1 :o h n yet mov$ out ( t realm (  
h]oics1 f9d !mselves unable to see any?+
 9 su* a prospective %ift b net loss &  
headlong decay ( ! _s2 t modicum (      
=be>ance & equity t is requisite to !   
conduct ( life 9 a community ( ungrad$  
ma/]less m5 is se5 by ^! /\t] /oma*s z a
 loos5+ ( ! moral fib] & a loss ( n]ve4 
99       99       99       99       99  

,:at is "h t5tatively project$ "u !     
phrase1 neutralization ( citiz5%ip1 is  
only some?+ a little m & f>!r along !   
same g5]al l9e ( movem5t :i* ^! m mod]n 
peoples h be5 foll[+ 9 all t sequ5ce (  
in/itutional *anges t has giv5 !m _!    
pres5t di/9ctive "* ( commonweal?s1 z   
contra/$ ) ! dyna/ic ,/ates ( ! m$iaeval
 ord]4 ,:at may be 9 prospect--if su* a 
fur!r move away f ! m$iaeval l&m>ks is  
to take effect--may be/ be se5 9 ! light
 ( ! lat] moves 9 ! same direction      
hi!rto1 m p>ticul>ly z reg>ds ! moral & 
ae/hetic m]its at l>ge ( su* an         
in/itutional mutation4 ,z t\*es ?is la/ 
previ\s %ift+ ( gr\nd along ?is l9e1 j  
spok5 (1 ! case /&s 9 ?is s+ul> b       
significant po/ure1 9 respect ( !       
spiritual values & valuations involv$3  
,^! peoples :o h1 ev5 9 a d\btful       
measure1 made ?is transition f ! ar*aic 
in/itutional s*eme1 ( fealty & dyna/ic  
exploit & co]cion1 to ! new] s*eme ( !  
ungrad$ commonweal?1 are conv9c$1 to !  
po9t ( m>tyrdom1 t any?+ l a return to !

 old ord] is morally impossible z well z
 insuff]ably %ameful & irksome2 :]eas ^?
 p1 ( ! ret>d$ division ( ! race1 :o h  
_h no exp]i5ce ( ?is new ord]1 are      
equally conv9c$ t x is all q            
incompatible ) a wor?y life4  ,evid5tly1
 !re %\ld be no disput+ ab\t ta/es4     
,evid5tly1 too1 ^! ret>d$ o!rs w n move 
on into ! lat] in/itutional phase1 ( !  
ungrad$ commonweal?1 by preconceiv$     
*oice2 b only1 if at all1 by su* s*ool+ 
( exp]i5ce z w br+ !m ins5sibly to t    
frame ( m9d out ( :i* ! ideal ( !       
ungrad$ commonweal? em]ges by easy      
g5]alisation ( workday practice4        
,meantime1 hav+ n yet exp]i5c$ t phase (
 s5tim5t & op9ion on civic rights &     
immunities t is n[ occupi$ by _!        
in/itutionally matur] neighb\rs1 !      
subjects ( ! ,imp]ial ,fa!rl&1 e4g41 9  
spite ( ! mo/ laudable int5tions & ! be/
 endeav\r1 are1 by failure ( ?is        
exp]i5ce1 unable to compreh5d ei!r !    
gr\nd ( opposition to _! well-mean+     
projects ( dom9ion or ! futility ( try+ 

to conv]t ^! _! eld] bro!rs to _! own   
prescriptive acceptation ( :at is wor?  
:ile4 ,9 "t1 & ) exp]i5ce1 ?is ret>d$   
division ( ,*ri/5dom may come to ! same 
p]spective on matt]s ( national usage & 
ideals z has be5 en=c$ on ! m mod]n     
peoples by f>!r habituation4 ,s1 also1 9
 "t & ) exp]i5ce1 if ! drift (          
circum/ance %all turn out to set t way1 
! fur!r move away f m$iaeval            
discrim9ations & con/ra9t & into !      
unspectacul> s*eme ( neutralisation may 
come to seem z "r1 good & beautiful z ! 
democratic commonweal? n[ seems to !    
,engli%-speak+ peoples1 or z !          
,hoh5zoll]n ,imp]ial ,/ate n[ seems to !
 subjects ( ! ,fa!rl&4 ,!re is1 9       
effect1 no disput+ ab\t ta/es4  ,!re is 
little t is novel1 & no?+ t is to be    
rat$ z con/ructive innovation1 9 ?is    
sket* ( :at might n inaptly be call$    
peace by neglect4 ,! legal m9d1 :i*     
commonly takes ! initiative 9 c\nsels on
 :at to d1 %\ld sc>cely be expect$ to   
look 9 t direction = a way out1 or to   

see its way out 9 t direction 9 any     
case2 s t x ne$ occasion no surprise if 
! _m curr5t projects ( pacification turn
 on +5i\s & elaborate provisions (      
app>atus & proc$ure1 r ?an on t simpl]  
l9e ( exp$i5ts :i* ! drift (            
circum/ance1 be+ n possess$ ( a legal   
m9d1 has employ$ 9 ! sequ5ce (          
in/itutional *ange hi!rto4 ,! legal m9d 
t dom9ates 9 ! curr5t delib]ations on   
peace is at home 9 exhau/ive            
specifications & meticul\s dem>kations1 
& x is !re=e prone to seek a rem$y = !  
burd5 ( sup]num]>y devices by rec\rse to
 fur!r excesses ( regulation4  ,?is     
trait ( ! legal m9d is n a bad fault at 
! wor/1 & ! quality 9 :i* ?is defect    
inh]es is ( ! greate/ mom5t 9 any       
project ( con/ructive eng9e]+ on ! legal
 & political plane4 ,b x is less to !   
purpose1 inde$ x is at cross purposes1 9
 su* a conjuncture z ! pres5t2 :5 !     
nations are held up 9 _! que/ ( peace   
*iefly by an accumulation ( in/itutional
 app>atus t has out-/ay$ its usefulness4

 ,x is ! =tune ev5 ( good in/itutions to
 become imbecile ) ! *ange ( condition+ 
circum/ances1 & x !n becomes a "q ( _!  
dise/abli%m5t1 n ( _! rehabilitation4   
,if !re is any:]e a safe negative       
conclusion1 x is t an in/itution gr[n   
mis*iev\s by obsolesc5ce ne$ n be       
replac$ by a sub/itute4  ,in/ances ( su*
 mis*iev\s in/itutional arrangem5ts1    
obsolete or 9 process ( obsolesc5ce1    
w\ld be1 e4g41 ! ,fr5* mon>*y ( ! anci5t
 rgime1 ! ,spani% ,inquisition1 !       
,briti% corn laws & ! rott5 bor\ghs1 !  
,b>b>y pirates1 ! ,turki% rule 9        
,arm5ia1 ! ,briti% cr[n1 ! ,g]man       
,imp]ial ,dyna/y1 ! ,european balance ( 
p[]s1 ! ,monroe ,doctr9e4 ,9 "s s5se1 at
 lea/ 9 ! s5se & degree impli$ 9 _!     
selective survival1 ^! v>i\s articles ( 
in/itutional furniture1 & _m l !m1 h    
once presumably be5 suitable to "s end1 
9 ! days ( _! orig9 & vigor\s gr[?2 & !y
 h at lea/ 9 "s passable fa%ion met "s  
felt want2 b if !y ev] _h a place & use 
9 ! human economy !y h 9 "t gr[n        

imbecile & mis*iev\s by =ce ( *ang+     
circum/ances1 & ! "q is n h[ to replace 
!m ) some?+ else to ! same purpose aft] 
_! purpose is outworn4 ,a man :o loses a
 w>t (f ! end ( 8 nose does n apply to !
 ,ersatz bureau = a conv5i5t sub/itute4 
,n[1 a l>ge proportion1 p]haps ev5      
sub/antially ! :ole1 ( ! exi/+ app>atus 
( int]national rights1 pret5sions1      
discrim9ations1 cov5ants & provisos1    
visibly fall 9 t class1 9 s f> z conc]ns
 _! mat]ial s]viceability to ! nation at
 l>ge1 & p>ticul>ly z reg>ds any o!r ?an
 a w>like purpose1 (f5sive or def5sive4 
,( c\rse1 ! national dignity &          
diplomatic punctilio1 & ! l adjuncts &  
in/rum5talities ( ! national hon\r1 all 
h _! pre/ige value2 & !y are n likely to
 be giv5 up out ( h&4 ,9 po9t ( fact1   
h[ev] solicit\s = a la/+ peace ^!       
patriotically-m9d$ mod]n peoples may be1
 x is d\btful if !y c\ld be p]suad$ to  
give up any appreciable %>e ( ^!        
appurt5ances ( national jeal\sy ev5 :5  
_! ret5tion implies an imm95t brea* ( ! 

peace4 ,yet x is pla9 t ! peace w be    
secure 9 direct proportion to ! measure 
9 :i* national discrim9ation & pre/ige  
are all[$ to pass into no?+ness & be    
=got4         99       99       99      
99       99  ,by s mu* z x might am\nt  
to1 su* neutralisation ( out/&+ int]e/s 
betwe5 ^! pacific nations %\ld br+ on a 
degree ( coalesc5ce ( ^! nationalities4 
,9 effect1 !y are n[ held ap>t 9 _m     
respects by measures ( precaution aga9/ 
_! com+ to a common plan ( use & wont4  
,! degree ( coalesc5ce w\ld sc>cely be  
extreme2 m p>ticul>ly x c\ld n well     
become on]\s1 s9ce x w\ld re/ on        
conv5i5ce1 incl9ation & ! neglect (     
artificial discrepancies4 ,! m intimate 
in/itutions ( mod]n life1 t gov]n human 
conduct locally & 9 detail1 ne$ n be    
affect$1 or n greatly affect$1 = bett]  
or worse4 ,yet some?+ appreciable 9 t   
way might also fairly be look$ = 9 "t4  
,! nature1 rea* & prescriptive =ce ( ?is
 prospective coalesc5ce ?r\gh           
neutralisation may p]haps be/ be        

appreciat$ 9 ! light ( :at has already  
come to pass1 )\t design or m&atory     
guidance1 9 ^? l9es ( human int]e/ :]e !
 national fronti]s int]pose no b>1 or at
 lea/ no decisive b>1 :e!r by =ce (     
unconc]n or ?r\gh impot5ce4 ,fa%ions (  
dress1 equipage & decor\s usage1 e4g41  
run ) "s uni=mity ?r\gh\t ^! mod]n      
nations1 & inde$ ) "s degree (          
prescriptive =ce4 ,!re is1 ( c\rse1 no?+
 m&atory1 9 ! simpl] s5se1 ab\t all ?is2
 nor is ! degree ( con=mity extreme or  
uni=m ?r\gh\t4 ,b x is a ready-made     
g5]alisation t only ^? communities are  
incorporat$ 9 ?is cosmopolitan          
coalesc5ce ( usage t are mov$ by _! own 
incitem5t1 & only s f> z !y h an        
effectually felt ne$ ( con=mity 9 ^!    
premises4 ,x is true1 a dispassionate   
outsid]1 if su* !re be1 w\ld p]haps be  
/ruck by ! degree ( su* pa9/ak+ con=mity
 to canons ( conduct :i* x frequ5tly mu/
 co/ s]i\s ef=t ev5 to asc]ta9 9 su*    
detail z ! case calls =4 ,d\btless1 or  
at lea/ presumably1 con=mity "u !       

jurisdiction ( ! fa%ions1 & 9 relat$    
prov9ces ( decorum1 is obligatory 9 a   
degree t ne$ n be look$ = ?r\gh\t !     
s*eme ( use & wont at l>ge1 ev5 "u !    
advis$ly e/abli%$ non-int]f]5ce ( !     
au?orities4 ,/ill1 on a po9t on :i* !   
evid5ce hi!rto is extremely scant x is !
 "p ( discretion to hold no settl$      
op9ion4  ,a m promis+ l9e ( sugge/ion is
 probably t af=d$ by ! curr5t degree (  
contact & consi/5cy among ! mod]n       
nations 9 respect ( sci5ce & s*ol>%ip1 z
 also 9 ! ae/hetic or ! indu/rial arts4 
,local color & local pride1 ) "o ?+ &   
ano!r 9 ! way ( special incitem5t or    
inhibition1 may come 9 to v>y ! run (   
?+s1 or to blur or h9d] a common und]/&+
 & mutual fur!rance & cop>tn]y 9 ^!     
matt]s ( ta/e & intellect4 ,yet x is    
sc>cely mislead+ to speak ( ! peoples ( 
,*ri/5dom z "o community 9 ^! respects4 
,! sci5ces & ! arts are held z a jo9t   
/ock among ^! peoples1 9 _! elem5ts1 &  
measurably also 9 _! work+-out4 ,x is   
true1 ^! int]e/s & a*ievem5ts ( ! race  

are n cultivat$ ) ! same assiduity or ) 
id5tical effect ?r\gh\t2 b x is equally 
true t no effectual b> c\ld pr(itably be
 int]pos$1 or w\ld be tol]at$ 9 ! long  
run 9 ?is field1 :]e m5 h _h occasion to
 le>n t unlimit$ collusion is m to !    
purpose ?an a clanni% discrim9ation4    
99       99       99       99       99  
,x is1 no d\bt1 beyond reasonable hope t
 ^! democratic peoples c\ld be br\ght   
=?) to conc]t$ action on ! l9es ( su* a 
plan ( peace by neutralisation ( all    
out/&+ national pret5sions4 ,bo? ! ,fr5*
 & ! ,engli%-speak+ peoples are too     
eag]ly set on national aims & national  
pre/ige1 to all[ su* a plan to come to a
 he>+1 ev5 if some?+ ( ! k9d %\ld be    
spok5 = by _! mo/ tru/$ lead]s4 ,by     
settl$ habit !y are ?9k+ 9 t]ms (       
nationality1 & j n[ !y are all "u !     
h&icap ( an inflam$ national pride4     
,advocacy ( su* a plan1 ( c\rse1 does n 
ent] s]i\sly into ! purpose ( ?is       
inquiry2 :i* is conc]n$ ) ! conditions  
"u :i* peace is s\ght today1 ) ! fur!r  

conditions requisite to its p]petuation1
 & ) ! probable effects ( su* a peace on
 ! =tunes ( ^! peoples 9 case peace is  
e/abli%$ & effectually ma9ta9$4  ,x is a
 reasonable "q1 & "o to :i* a           
provisional answ] may be f\nd1 :e!r !   
drift ( circum/ances 9 ! pres5t & = !   
imm$iate future may be c\nt$ on to set 9
 ! direction ( a progressive            
neutralisation ( ! "* spok5 ( above1 &  
!re=e possibly t[>d a p]petuation ( t   
peace t is to foll[ ! pres5t season (   
w>4 ,s also is x an op5 & int]e/+ "q    
:e!r ! drift 9 t direction1 if su* is ! 
set ( x1 c be c\nt$ on to prove         
suffici5tly swift & massive1 s z n to be
 ov]tak5 & ov]borne by ! pu% ( ag5cies t
 make = diss5sion & w>like ent]prise4   
,any?+ l a categorical answ] to ^!      
que/ions w\ld h to be a "w ( vatic9ation
 or ( effront]y1--possibly z mu* to !   
po9t ! "o z ! o!r4 ,b !re are c]ta9     
conditions prec$5t to a la/+ peace z !  
outcome ( ev5ts n[ 9 tra91 & !re are    
c]ta9 def9able cont+5cies condition$ on 

su* curr5t facts z ! exi/+ /ate ( !     
indu/rial arts & ! /ate ( popul>        
s5tim5t1 toge!r ) ! conjuncture (       
circum/ances "u :i* ^! factors w come   
into action4  ,! /ate ( ! indu/rial     
arts1 z x be>s on ! peace & its         
violation1 has be5 spok5 ( above4 ,x is 
( su* a "* t a judici\sly prep>$ (f5sive
 laun*$ by any ,p[] ( ! fir/ rank at an 
opportune "t c rea* & lay wa/e any giv5 
c\ntry ( ! habitable globe4 ,!          
conclusive evid5ce ( ?is is at h&1 & x  
is ! major premise und]ly+ all curr5t   
proposals & projects ( peace1 z well z !
 refusal ( ! nations n[ on ! def5sive to
 ent] into negotiations look+ to an     
inconclusive peace4 ,?is /ate ( ! case  
is n commonly recognis$ 9 s _m words1 b 
x is well en\gh und]/ood4 ,s t all peace
 projects t %all hope to f9d a he>+ mu/ 
make up _! acc\nt ) x1 & mu/ %[ cause :y
 !y %\ld be judg$ compet5t to balk any  
attempt$ (f5sive4 ,9 an in>ticulate or  
in*oate fa%ion1 p]haps1 b none ! less ) 
ev]-increas+ c]titude & increas+        

appreh5sion1 ?is /ate ( ! case is also  
com+ to be an article ( popul> k &      
belief1 :]ev] mu* or little ?\ght is    
sp5t on ! outlook = peace4 ,x has       
already _h a visible effect 9 dim9i%+ ! 
exclusiv5ess ( nationalities & turn+ !  
att5tion ( ! pacific peoples to ! "q (  
feasible ways & means ( int]national    
coop]ation 9 case ( ne$2 b x has n      
hi!rto visibly less5$ ! militant _s     
among ^! nations1 nor has x l[]$ !      
t5sion ( _! national pride1 at lea/ n   
yet2 r ! contr>y1 9 fact4  ,! effect1 ^u
 ! popul> temp]1 ( ?is in*oate          
realisation ( ! fatality t s lies 9 !   
mod]n /ate ( ! indu/rial arts1 v>ies f  
"o c\ntry to ano!r1 accord+ to ! v>y+   
position 9 :i* !y are plac$1 or 9 :i* !y
 conceive !mselves to be plac$4 ,among !
 bellig]5t nations x has put ! spur (   
fe> to _! ne$ ( conc]t$ action z well z 
to _! ef=ts to /r5g!n ! national def5se4
 ,b ! /ate ( op9ion & s5tim5t abroad 9 !
 nation 9 "t ( w> is no secure          
indication ( :at x w be aft] ! return to

 peace4 ,! ,am]ican p1 ! l>ge/ & mo/    
imm$iately conc]n$ ( ! neutral nations1 
%\ld af=d m significant evid5ce ( !     
*anges 9 ! popul> attitude likely to    
foll[ f a gr[+ realisation ( ?is /ate ( 
! case1 t ! advantage has pass$         
def9itively to any well prep>$ &        
resolute (f5sive1 & t no precautions (  
diplomacy & no practicable measures (   
def5sive armam5t w any long] give       
security1--provid$ always t !re is      
any:]e a national ,p[] actuat$ by       
designs ( imp]ial dom9ion4  ,x is1 (    
c\rse1 only little by little t !        
,am]ican p & _! spokesm5 h come to      
realise _! own case "u ?is late-mod]n   
situation1 & hi!rto only 9 an imp]fect  
degree4 ,_! fir/ response to ! /imulus  
has be5 a display ( patriotic           
self-suffici5cy & a move to put !       
national def5se on a w>-foot+1 su* z    
w\ld be compet5t to beat (f all         
aggression4 ,^? elem5ts ( ! population  
:o lea/ realise ! gravity ( ! situation1
 & :o are at ! same "t comm]cially      

int]e/$ 9 measures ( armam5t or 9       
milit>y pref]m5t1 h n begun to %ift =w>d
 beyond ?is position ( magniloqu5ce &   
resolution2 nor is !re z yet mu*        
intimation t !y see beyond x1 al?\gh !re
 is an ev]-recurr+ h9t t !y 9 a degree  
appreciate ! practical difficulty (     
p]suad+ a pacific p to make adequate    
prep>ation be=eh&1 9 equipm5t & tra9$   
man-p[]1 = su* a plan ( self-suffici5t  
self-def5se4 ,b increas+ly among ^? :o  
are1 by =ce ( temp]am5t or insight or by
 lack ( ! pecuni>y & ! placeman's       
int]e/1 less confid5t ( an appeal to !  
nation's pr[ess1 !re is com+ =w>d an    
evid5t p]suasion t w>like               
prep>ations--prep>$ness--alone & c>ri$  
?r\gh by ! ,republic 9 isolation1 w     
sc>cely s]ve ! turn4  ,!re are at lea/  
two l9es ( argum5t1 or ( p]suasion1     
runn+ to ! support ( su* a view2        
read9ess = a w>like def5se1 by provid+  
equipm5t & tra9$ m51 might prove a      
d\btfully effectual measure ev5 :5 c>ri$
 to ! limit ( tol]ance t w always be    

rea*$ pres5tly 9 any democratic c\ntry2 
& !n1 too1 !re is hope ( avoid+ !       
necessity ( su* w>like prep>ation1 at   
lea/ 9 ! same extreme degree1 by means (
 "s practicable work+ arrangem5t to be  
effect$ ) o!r nations :o are 9 ! same   
case4 ,hi!rto ! f>!/ rea* ( ^! pacific  
s*emes = ma9ta9+ ! peace1 or = ! common 
def5se1 has tak5 ! %ape ( a project$    
league ( neutral nations to keep ! peace
 by en=cem5t ( specifi$ int]national    
police regulations or by compulsory     
arbitration ( int]national disputes4 ,x 
is extremely d\btful h[ f>1 if at all1  
popul> s5tim5t ( any effectual =ce falls
 9 ) ?is l9e ( precaution>y measures4   
,yet x is evid5t t popul> s5tim5t1 &    
popul> appreh5sion1 has be5 /irr$       
pr(\ndly by ! ev5ts ( ! pa/ two ye>s1 & 
! result+ *ange t is already visible 9 !
 prevail+ s5tim5t z reg>ds ! national   
def5se w\ld argue t m f>-rea*+ *anges 9 
! same connection are fairly to be look$
 = )9 a reasonable all[ance ( "t4  ,9   
?is ,am]ican case ! balance ( effectual 

public op9ion hi!rto is to all appe>ance
 q 9 d\bt1 b x is also q unsettl$4 ,!   
fir/ response has be5 a display (       
patriotic emotion & national            
self-ass]tion4 ,! fur!r1 lat] &         
presumably m delib]ate1 expressions (   
op9ion c>ry a m obvi\s note (           
appreh5sion & less ( /ubborn or         
unreflect+ national pride4 ,x may be too
 e>ly to anticipate a mat]ial %ift (    
base1 to a m neutral1 or less           
exclusively national foot+ 9 matt]s ( ! 
common def5se4  ,! national adm9i/ration
 has be5 mov+ at an accel]at$ rate 9 !  
direction n ( national isolation &      
self-reliance re/+ on a w>like equipm5t 
=midable en\gh to make or break ! peace 
at w--su* z ! m trucul5t & irresponsible
 among ! politicians h spok5 =--b r 9 ! 
direction ( mod]at+ or curtail+ all     
national pret5sions t are n ( und\bt$   
mat]ial consequ5ce1 & ( seek+ a common  
und]/&+ & conc]t$ action ) ^?           
nationalities ^: effectual int]e/s 9 !  
matt]s ( peace & w> co9cide ) !         

,am]ican4 ,! adm9i/ration has gr[n      
visibly m pacific 9 ! c\rse ( its exact+
 exp]i5ce1--m resolutely1 "o might ev5  
say m aggressively pacific2 b ! po9t (  
*ief att5tion 9 all ?is /rategy ( peace 
has also visibly be5 %ift+ some:at f !  
ma9t5ance ( a runn+ equilibrium betwe5  
bellig]5ts & a keep+ ( ! peace f day to 
day1 to ! ult]ior & altoge!r diff]5t "q 
( :at is be/ to be done t[>d a          
conclusive peace at ! close (           
ho/ilities1 & ! ways & means ( its      
subsequ5t p]petuation4  ,?is latt] is1 9
 effect1 an altoge!r diff]5t "q f t (   
pres]v+ neutrality & amicable relations 
9 ! mid/ ( importunate bellig]5ts1 & x  
may ev51 conceivably1 p]haps n unlikely1
 come to involve a precaution>y brea* ( 
! curr5t peace & a tak+ ( sides 9 ! w> )
 an urg5t view to a conclusive outcome4 
,x w\ld be go+ too f> to impute to !    
adm9i/ration1 at ! pres5t /age1 su* an  
aggressive attitude 9 its pursuit ( a   
la/+ peace z c\ld be call$ a policy (   
def5sive (f5se2 b x w %ock no "o's      

s5sibilities to say t su* a policy1     
involv+ a tak+ ( sides & a r5\nc+ (     
national isolation1 is visibly less     
remote f ! c\nsels ( ! adm9i/ration     
today ?an x has be5 at any e>li] p]iod4 
,9 ?is pacific attitude1 increas+ly     
urg5t & increas+ly f>-rea*+ &           
appreh5sive1 ! adm9i/ration appe>s to be
 speak+ = ! common man r ?an = ! special
 int]e/s or ! privileg$ classes4 ,su*   
w\ld appe>1 on ! face ( ! returns1 to be
 ! mean+ ( ! late election4 ,x is all ! 
m significant on t acc\nt1 s9ce 9 ! long
 run x is aft] all ! common man t w h to
 pass on ! exp$i5cy ( any settl$ l9e (  
policy & to be> ! mat]ial burd5 ( c>ry+ 
x into effect4  ,x may seem ra% to      
presume t a popul>ly accr$it$           
adm9i/ration 9 a democratic c\ntry mu/  
approximately reflect ! effectual *anges
 ( popul> s5tim5t & desire4 ,especially 
w\ld x seem ra% to anyone look+ on f !  
po9t ( view ( an undemocratic nation1 & 
!re=e prone to see ! surface            
fluctuations ( excitem5t & %ift+ clamor4

 ,b ^? :o are )9 ! democratic pale w "k 
t any adm9i/ration 9 su* a c\ntry1 :]e  
(ficial t5ure & cont9u$ incumb5cy ( !   
p>ty re/ on a popul> vote1--any su*     
adm9i/ration is a political organisation
 & is guid$ by political exp$i5cy1 9 !  
tawdry s5se ( ! phrase4 ,su* a political
 situation has ! defects ( its          
qualities1 z has be5 well & frequ5tly   
exp\nd$ by its critics1 b x has also !  
m]its ( its %ortcom+s4 ,9 a democracy ( 
?is mod]n ord] any incumb5t ( high (fice
 is necess>ily some?+ ( a politician1 q 
indisp5sably s2 & a politician at ! same
 "t necess>ily is some?+ ( a demagogue4 
,he yields to ! popul> drift1 or to !   
set ( op9ion & dem&s among ! effective  
majority on :om he leans2 & he c n ev5  
appe> to lead1 ?\gh he may              
surreptiti\sly lead op9ion 9 adroitly   
seem+ to reflect x & obey x4 ,o/5sible  
lead]%ip1 su* z has be5 /ag$ 9 ?is      
c\ntry f "t to "t1 has turn$ out to be  
o/5sible only4 ,! politician mu/ be     
adroit2 b if he is also to be a /atesman

 he mu/ be some?+ m4 ,he is "u !        
necessity ( guess+ accurately :at !     
drift ( ev5ts & op9ion is go+ to be on !
 next rea* ahead2 & 9 tak+ com+ ev5ts by
 ! =elock he may be able to guide & %ape
 ! drift ( op9ion & s5tim5t some:at to 8
 own lik+4 ,b all ! :ile he mu/ keep )9 
! l9es ( ! long-t]m set ( ! curr5t z x  
works out 9 ! habits ( ?\ght ( ! common 
man4  ,su* =esight & flexibility is     
necess>y to cont9u$ survival1 b         
flexibility ( convictions alone does n  
meet ! requirem5ts4 ,inde$1 x has be5   
tri$4 ,x is only ! m9or politicians--!  
mo/ num]\s & long-liv$1 x is true--:o c 
hold _! place 9 ! crevices ( ! p>ty     
organisation1 & get _! livelihood f !   
bus9ess ( p>ty politics1 )\t "s p[] (   
vision & "s haz>d ( =eca/4 ,x results f 
?is /ate ( ! case t ! drift ( popul>    
s5tim5t & ! popul> response to ! /imulus
 ( curr5t ev5ts is reflect$ m fai?fully 
& m promptly by ! %ort-liv$             
adm9i/rations ( a democracy ?an by !    
/able & =mally irresponsible gov]nm5tal 

e/abli%m5ts ( ! old] ord]4 ,x %\ld also 
be not$ t ^! democratic adm9i/rations   
are 9 a less advantage\s position = !   
purpose ( guid+ popul> s5tim5t & %ap+ x 
to _! own ends4         99       99     
99       99       99  ,n[1 x happ5s t at
 no p]iod )9 ! pa/ half-c5tury has !    
c\rse ( ev5ts mov$ ) su* cel]ity or ) s 
grave a be>+ on ! common good & !       
prospective cont+5cies ( national life z
 dur+ ! pres5t adm9i/ration4 ,?is app>5t
 congruity ( ! adm9i/ration's policy ) !
 drift ( popul> feel+ & belief w incl9e 
anyone to put a high rat+ on !          
adm9i/ration's c\rse ( conduct1 9       
int]national relations z well z 9       
national measures t h a be>+ on         
int]national relations1 z indicat+ !    
c\rse tak5 by s5tim5t & second ?\ght 9 !
 community at l>ge1--=1 9 effect1 :e!r  
or n 9 set =m1 ! community at l>ge      
reflects on any matt]s ( su* gravity &  
urg5cy z to =ce !mselves ^u ! att5tion (
 ! common man4  ,two ma9 l9es (         
reflection h visibly be5 en=c$ on !     

adm9i/ration by ! c\rse ( ev5ts 9 !     
int]national field4 ,!re has be5 a gr[+ 
appreh5sion1 m\nt+ 9 ! lat] mon?s to    
some?+ l ! rank ( a settl$ conviction1 t
 ! ,republic has be5 m>k$ d[n = r$uction
 to a vassal /ate by ! dyna/ic ,empire  
n[ engag$ ) its ,european adv]s>ies4 ,9 
s say+ t ! ,republic has be5 m>k$ d[n = 
subjection x is n int5d$ to intimate t  
delib]ate c\nsel has be5 _h by !        
,imp]ial e/abli%m5t on t prospective    
ent]prise2 /ill less t a resolution to  
su* effect1 ) specification ( ways &    
means1 has be5 embodi$ 9 docum5t>y =m & 
deposit$ = future ref]5ce 9 ! ,imp]ial  
ar*ives4 ,all t is int5d$1 & all t is   
necess>y to imply1 is t ev5ts are 9 tra9
 to su* effect t ! subjugation ( !      
,am]ican republic w necess>ily f9d its  
place 9 ! sequ5ce pres5tly1 provid$ t ! 
pres5t ,imp]ial adv5ture is br\ght to a 
reasonably auspici\s issue2 ?\gh x does 
n foll[ t ?is p>ticul> ent]prise ne$ be 
c\nt$ on z ! next l>ge adv5ture 9       
dom9ion to be und]tak5 :5 ?+s aga9 fall 

into promis+ %ape4 ,?is latt] po9t w\ld1
 ( c\rse1 dep5d on ! conjuncture (      
circum/ances1 *ief ( :i* w\ld h to be ! 
exig5cies ( imp]ial dom9ion %ap+ !      
policy ( ! ,empire's natural & necess>y 
ally 9 ! ,f> ,ea/4 ,all ?is has evid5tly
 be5 com+ m & m urg5tly into ! workday  
delib]ations ( ! ,am]ican adm9i/ration4 
,( c\rse1 x is n spok5 ( 9 set t]ms to  
?is effect 9 (ficial utt]ances1 p]haps n
 ev5 )9 doors2 t sort ( ?+ is n done4 ,b
 x c d no h>m to use d[nright           
expressions 9 a sci5tific discussion (  
^! ph5om5a1 ) a view to und]/&+ ! curr5t
 drift ( ?+s 9 ?is field4  ,beyond ?is  
is ! simil> appreh5sion1 simil>ly ?\gh m
 sl[ly & reluctantly ris+ to ! level (  
settl$ conviction1 t ! ,am]ican         
commonweal? is n fit to take c>e ( its  
own case s+le-h&$4 ,?is appreh5sion is  
en=c$ m & m unmi/akably ) e mon? t      
passes on ! !atre ( w>4 ,& x is re5=c$  
by ! con/antly m obvi\s reflection t !  
case ( ! ,am]ican commonweal? 9 ?is     
matt] is ! same z t ( ! democratic      

c\ntries ( ,europe1 & ( ! o!r ,european 
colonies4 ,x is n1 or at lea/ "o may    
believe x is n yet1 t 9 ! patriotic     
appreh5sion ( ! common man1 or ( !      
adm9i/ration :i* speaks = him1 !        
res\rces ( ! c\ntry w\ld be inadequate  
to meet any cont+5cies ( ! k9d t might  
arise1 :e!r 9 respect ( indu/rial       
capacity or 9 po9t ( man-p[]1 if ^!     
res\rces 7 turn$ to ?is object ) ! same 
s+l5ess ( purpose & ! same dra/ic       
proc$ure t m>ks ! c\rse ( a national    
e/abli%m5t guid$ by no consid]ations    
%ort ( imp]ial dom9ion4 ,! d\bt pres5ts 
itself r z an appreh5sion t ! co/ w\ld  
be extravagantly high1 9 all respects 9 
:i* co/ c be c\nt$2 :i* is pres5tly     
second$1 on v slight reflection & review
 ( exp]i5ce1 by recognition ( ! fact t a
 democracy is1 9 po9t ( fact1 n to be   
p]suad$ to /& "u arms int]m9ably 9 m]e  
read9ess = a cont+5cy1 h[ev] di/a/eful !
 cont+5cy may be4  ,9 po9t ( fact1 a    
democratic commonweal? is mov$ by o!r   
int]e/s 9 ! ma91 & ! common def5se is a 

second>y consid]ation1 n a prim>y       
int]e/1--unless 9 ! exceptional case ( a
 commonweal? s plac$ "u ! imm$iate ?reat
 ( invasion z to h ! common def5se =c$  
into ! place ( p>am\nt consequ5ce 9 its 
workday habits ( ?\ght4 ,! ,am]ican     
republic is n s plac$4 ,anyone may      
satisfy himself by reasonable second    
?\ght t ! p ( ?is nation are n to be    
c\nt$ on to d _! utmo/ 9 "t ( peace to  
prep>e = w>4 ,!y may be p]suad$ to d mu*
 m ?an has be5 _! habit1 & adv5tur\s    
politicians may commit !m to mu* m ?an !
 p at l>ge w\ld wi% to und]take1 b :5   
all is done t c be c\nt$ on = a         
p]man5cy1 up to ! limit ( popul>        
tol]ance1 x w\ld be a bold guess t %\ld 
place ! result at m ?an "o-half ( :at ! 
c\ntry is capable (4 ,p>ticul>ly w\ld ! 
p's pati5ce balk at ! ext5sive milit>y  
tra9+ requisite to put ! c\ntry 9 an    
adequate position ( def5se aga9/ a sudd5
 & well-prep>$ (f5sive4 ,x is o!rwise ) 
a dyna/ic ,/ate1 to ! directorate ( :i* 
all o!r int]e/s are necess>ily second>y1

 subsidi>y1 & ma9ly to be consid]$ only 
9 s f> z !y are contributory to !       
nation's read9ess = w>like ent]prise4   
,am]ica at ! same "t is plac$ 9 an      
extra-haz>d\s position1 betwe5 ! two    
seas beyond :i* to ei!r side lie ! two  
,imp]ial ,p[]s ^: place 9 ! mod]n       
economy ( nations x is to di/urb ! peace
 9 an insatiable que/ ( dom9ion4 ,?is   
position is no long] def5sible 9        
isolation1 "u ! lat] /ate ( ! indu/rial 
arts1 & ! policy ( isolation t has guid$
 ! national policy hi!rto is !re=e fall+
 out ( date4 ,! "q is z to ! mann] ( its
 r5unciation1 r ?an ! fact ( x4 ,x may  
end 9 a def5sive cop>tn]%ip ) o!r       
nations :o are plac$ on ! def5sive by ! 
same ?reat5+ situation1 or x may end 9 a
 bootless /ruggle = indep5d5ce1 b !     
*oice sc>cely ext5ds beyond ?is         
alt]native4 ,x w be said1 ( c\rse1 t    
,am]ica is compet5t to take c>e ( itself
 & its ,monroe doctr9e 9 ! future z 9 ! 
pa/4 ,b t view1 spok5 = cog5tly by      
?\ghtful m5 & by politicians look+ =    

p>ty advantage1 ov]looks ! fact t !     
mod]n te*nology has def9itively ?r[n !  
advantage to ! (f5sive1 & t int]v5+ seas
 c no long] be c\nt$ on z a decisive    
ob/acle4 ,on ?is latt] head1 :at 0      
reasonably true fifte5 ye>s ago is      
d\btful today1 & x is 9 all reasonable  
expectation invalid = ! situation fifte5
 ye>s h5ce4  ,! o!r peoples t are ( a   
neutral temp] may ne$ ! help ( ,am]ica  
sorely en\gh 9 _! endeav\rs to keep !   
peace1 b ,am]ica's ne$ ( coop]ation is  
sor] /ill1 = ! ,republic is com+ into a 
m prec>i\s place ?an any ( ! o!rs4      
,am]ica is also1 at lea/ pot5tially1 !  
mo/ democratic ( ! great] ,p[]s1 & is   
h&icapp$ ) all ! disabilities ( a       
democratic commonweal? 9 ! face ( w>4   
,am]ica is also = ! pres5t1 & p]haps = !
 calculable future1 ! mo/ p[]ful ( ^!   
great] ,p[]s1 9 po9t ( conceivably      
available res\rces1 ?\gh n 9 actually   
available fight+-p[]2 & ! entrance (    
,am]ica unres]v$ly into a neutral league
 w\ld consequ5tly be decisive bo? ( !   

purposes ( ! league & ( its effici5cy = 
! purpose2 p>ticul>ly if !              
neutralisation ( int]e/s among ! memb]s 
( ! league 7 c>ri$ s f> z to make       
)drawal & indep5d5t action              
disadvantage\s4  ,on ! e/abli%m5t ( su* 
a neutral league1 ) su* neutralisation (
 national int]e/s z w\ld assure conc]t$ 
action 9 "t ( /ress1 ! ne$ ( armam5t on 
! "p ( ! ,am]ican republic w\ld         
disappe>1 at lea/ to ! ext5t t no       
increase ( arm$ =ce w\ld be advisable4  
,! /r5g? ( ! ,republic lies 9 its l>ge &
 v>i$ res\rces & ! unequall$ indu/rial  
capacity ( its population1--a capacity  
:i* is today s]i\sly hamp]$ by unt[>d   
bus9ess int]e/s & bus9ess me?ods %elt]$ 
"u national discrim9ation1 b :i* w\ld   
come m ne>ly to its own s soon z ^!     
national discrim9ations 7 correct$ or   
abrogat$ 9 ! neutralisation ( national  
pret5sions4 ,! neutrally-m9d$ c\ntries (
 ,europe h be5 con/ra9$ to le>n ! art ( 
mod]n w>1 z also to equip !mselves ) !  
necess>y appliances1 suffici5t to meet  

all requirem5ts = keep+ ! peace ?r\gh   
su* a p]iod z c or ne$ be tak5 into     
acc\nt1--provid$ ! peace t is to come on
 ! conclusion ( ! pres5t w> %all be     
plac$ on s conclusive a foot+ z w make x
 any?+ sub/antially m ?an a season (    
recup]ation = t w>like ,p[] ab\t ^:     
ent]prise 9 dom9ion ! :ole "q turns4    
,provid$ t suitably sub/antial gu>antees
 ( a reasonable quiesc5ce on ! "p ( ?is 
,imp]ial ,p[] are _h1 !re ne$ be no     
increase ( ! ,am]ican armam5t4 ,any     
increas$ armam5t w\ld 9 t case am\nt to 
no?+ bett] ?an an idle duplication (    
plant & p]sonnel already on h& &        
suffici5t to meet ! requirem5ts4  ,to   
meet ! cont+5cies _h 9 view 9 its       
=mation1 su* a league w\ld h to be      
neutralis$ to ! po9t t all p]t95t       
national pret5sions w\ld fall into      
virtual abeyance1 s t all ! necess>y    
res\rces at ! disposal ( ! f$]at$       
nations w\ld automatically come "u !    
control ( ! league's appo9t$ au?orities 
)\t loss ( "t1 :5ev] ! ne$ might arise4 

,t is to say1 national int]e/s &        
pret5sions w\ld h to give way to a      
collective control suffici5t to insure  
prompt & conc]t$ action4 ,9 ! face ( su*
 a neutral league ,imp]ial ,japan alone 
w\ld be unable to make a really s]i\s   
div]sion or to ent]ta9 mu* hope ( foll[+
 up its que/ ( dom9ion4 ,! ,japanese    
,imp]ial e/abli%m5t might ev5 be p]suad$
 peaceably to let its un(f5d+ neighb\rs 
live _! own life accord+ to _! own      
light4 ,x is1 inde$1 possibly !         
appreh5sion ( "s su* cont+5cy t has     
hurri$ ! rapacity ( ! ,isl& ,empire into
 ! headlong indec5cies ( ! pa/ ye> or   
two4     ,,*apt] ,,vi  ,,elim9ation ,,( 
,,! ,,unfit   ,x may seem e>ly 7,janu>y 
#aiag7 to (f] a surmise z to :at mu/ be 
! mann] ( league into :i* ! pacific     
nations are to ent] & by :i* ! peace w  
be kept1 9 case su* a move is to be     
made4 ,b ! circum/ances t are to urge   
su* a l9e ( action1 & t w condition its 
c>ry+ out 9 case x is ent]$ on1 h       
already come into be>+ & %\ld1 on !     

:ole1 no long] be especially obscure to 
anyone :o w let ! facts ( ! case r ?an 8
 own pr$ilections decide :at he w       
believe4 ,by & l>ge1 ! pressure ( ^!    
condition+ circum/ances may be se51 & ! 
l9e ( lea/ resi/ance "u ?is pressure may
 be calculat$1 ) due all[ance ( a m>g9 (
 error ow+ to unkn[n cont+5cies ( "t &  
m9or v>iables4  ,"t is ( ! ess5ce ( !   
case4 ,s t :at w\ld h be5 dismiss$ z    
idle vap\r two ye>s ago has already     
become subject ( grave delib]ation      
today1 & may rise to p>am\nt urg5cy t f>
 h5ce4 ,"t is ne$$ to appreciate & get  
us$ to any innovation ( appreciable     
gravity1 p>ticul>ly :]e ! innovation    
dep5ds 9 any degree on a *ange 9 public 
s5tim5t1 z 9 ?is in/ance4 ,! pres5t     
outlook w\ld seem to be t no excess ( "t
 is all[$ 9 ^! premises2 b x %\ld also  
be not$ t ev5ts are mov+ ) unexampl$    
cel]ity1 & are imp++ on ! popul>        
appreh5sion ) unexampl$ =ce1--unexampl$ 
on su* a scale4 ,x is hop$ t a recital (
 ^! circum/ances t provoke to action    

along ?is l9e w n seem unw>rantably     
t$i\s1 & t a t5tative def9ition ( ! l9e 
( lea/ resi/ance "u pressure ( ^!       
circum/ances may n seem unw>rantably    
presumptu\s4  ,! major premise 9 ! case 
is ! felt ne$ ( security f aggression at
 ! h&s ( ,imp]ial ,g]many & its auxili>y
 ,p[]s2 second$ by an increas+ly uneasy 
appreh5sion z to ! prospective l9e (    
conduct on ! "p ( ,imp]ial ,japan1 b5t  
on a simil> que/ ( dom9ion4 ,!re is also
 ! less articulate appreh5sion ( :at1 if
 any?+1 may be expect$ f ,imp]ial       
,russia2 an obscure & sc>cely def9able  
factor1 :i* comes into ! calculation    
*iefly by way ( re5=c+ ! urg5cy ( !     
situation creat$ by ! dyna/ic ambitions 
( ^! o!r two ,imp]ial ,/ates4 ,fur!r1 ! 
pacific nations1 ! lead+ ones among !m  
be+ ! ,fr5* & ,engli%-speak+ peoples1   
are com+ to recognise t no "o among !m c
 provide = its own security s+le-h&$1   
ev5 at ! co/ ( _! utmo/ endeav\r 9 ! way
 ( :at is latt]ly call$ prep>$ness2 & !y
 are at ! same "t unwill+ to devote _!  

=ce unres]v$ly to w>like prep>ation1    
hav+ no?+ to ga94 ,! solution propos$ is
 a league ( ! pacific nations1 commonly 
spok5 ( at ! pres5t /age z a league to  
en=ce peace1 or less ambiti\sly z a     
league to en=ce arbitration4 ,! "q be+  
left some:at at loose ends1 :e!r !      
project$ league is to include ! two or  
?ree ,imp]ial ,p[]s ^: pacific int5tions
 are1 euphemi/ically1 op5 to d\bt4  ,su*
 is ! outl9e ( ! project & its premises4
 ,an attempt to fill 9 ?is outl9e w1    
p]haps1 conduce to an appreciation ( :at
 is s\ght & ( :at ! condition+          
circum/ances w en=ce 9 ! c\rse ( its    
realisation4 ,z t\*es ! fe> (           
aggression1 x has already be5 indicat$1 
p]haps ) unnecess>y it]ation1 t ^! two  
,imp]ial ,p[]s are unable to rel9qui% ! 
que/ ( dom9ion ?r\gh w>like ent]prise1  
because z dyna/ic ,/ates !y h no o!r    
ult]ior aim2 z has abundantly appe>$ 9 !
 great volume ( expository /atem5ts t h 
come out ( ! ,fa!rl& ! pa/ few ye>s1    
(ficial1 semi-(ficial1 inspir$1 &       

spontane\s4 ,assurance ( ! nation's     
future is n translatable into any o!r   
t]ms4 ,! ,imp]ial dyna/y has no o!r     
gr\nd to /& on1 & c n give up !         
ent]prise s long z x c mu/] =ce = any   
=midable div]sion1 to get any?+ 9 ! way 
( dom9ion by seizure1 ?reat or *icane4  
,?is is com+ to be in=mally & loosely1 b
 none ! less def9itively1 realis$ by !  
pacific nations2 & ! realisation ( x is 
ga9+ 9 cle>ness & assurance z "t passes4
 ,& x is back$ by ! conviction t1 9 !   
nature ( ?+s1 no engagem5t on ! "p ( su*
 a dyna/ic ,/ate has any slighte/ b9d+  
=ce1 beyond ! mat]ial con/ra9t t w\ld   
en=ce x f ! outside4 ,s ! dem& has be5  
diplomatically phras$ z a dem& =        
sub/antial gu>antees4 ,any ga9 9        
res\rces on ! "p ( ^! ,p[]s is to be    
c\nt$ z a ga9 9 ! ways & means ( di/urb+
 ! peace1 )\t res]vation4  ,! pacific   
nations include among !m two l>ge items1
 bo? ( :i* are indisp5sable to ! success
 ( ! project1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! ,unit$
 ,k+dom4 ,! =m] br+s 9 its tra91        

virtually )\t exception or "q1 ! o!r    
,am]ican republics1 none ( :i* c        
practicably g 9 or /ay out except 9     
company & collusion ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  
,! ,unit$ ,k+dom aft] ! same fa%ion1 & )
 sc>cely less assurance1 may be c\nt$ on
 to c>ry ! ,briti% colonies4 ,evid5tly1 
)\t bo? ( ^! gr\ps ! project w\ld n ev5 
make a beg9n+4 ,beyond ?is is to be     
c\nt$ 9 z elem5ts ( /r5g?1 ?\gh sc>cely 
indisp5sable1 ,france1 ,belgium1 !      
,ne!rl&s & ! ,sc&9avian c\ntries4 ,! o!r
 we/-,european nations w\ld 9 all       
probability be f\nd 9 ! league1 al?\gh s
 f> z reg>ds its "w & its =tunes _!     
adhesion w\ld sc>cely be a matt] (      
decisive consequ5ce2 !y may !re=e be    
left some:at on "o side 9 any           
consid]ation ( ! circum/ances t w\ld    
%ape ! league1 its aims & its           
limitations4 ,! ,balkan /ates1 9 ! wid] 
acceptance1 !y t frequ5t ! ,sign ( !    
,d\ble ,cross1 are simil>ly negligible 9
 respect ( ! organisation ( su* a league
 or its res\rces & ! mutual concessions 

necess>y to be made betwe5 its *ief     
memb]s4 ,russia is s d\btful a factor1  
p>ticul>ly z reg>ds its place & value 9 
indu/ry1 culture & politics1 9 ! ne>    
future1 z to admit no?+ mu* m ?an a d\bt
 on :at its relation to ! situation w   
be4 ,! evil int5tions ( !               
,imp]ial-bureaucratic e/abli%m5t are    
probably no m to be que/ion$ ?an ! good 
int5tions ( ! und]ly+ peoples ( ,russia4
 ,*9a w h to be tak5 91 if = no o!r     
reason ?an ! use to :i* ! magnific5t    
res\rces ( t c\ntry w\ld be turn$ by its
 ,imp]ial neighb\r 9 ! abs5ce (         
insurm\ntable int]f]5ce f outside4 ,b   
,*9a w come 9 on any t]ms t include     
neutrality & security4  ,! "q !n arises 
z to ! ,imp]ial ,p[]s ^: dyna/ic        
ent]prise is prim>ily to be h$g$ aga9/  
by su* a league4 ,reflection w %[ t if !
 league is to effect any appreciable "p 
( its purpose1 ^! ,p[]s w also be       
includ$ 9 ! league1 or at lea/ 9 its    
jurisdiction4 ,a pacific league n       
includ+ ^! ,p[]s1 or n ext5d+ its       

jurisdiction & surveillance to !m & _!  
conduct1 w\ld come to ! same ?+ z a     
coalition ( nations 9 two ho/ile gr\ps1 
! "o /&+ on ! def5sive aga9/ ! w>like   
ma*9ations ( ! o!r1 & bo? gr\ps bidd+ = 
! favor ( ^? m9or ,p[]s ^: traditions & 
curr5t aspirations run to national      
7dyna/ic7 aggr&izem5t by way ( political
 intrigue4 ,x w\ld come to a m          
articulate & acc5tuat$ =m ( t balance ( 
p[] t has latt]ly gone bankrupt 9       
,europe1 ) ! mo/ corrupt & unreliable   
petty mon>*ies ( ea/]n ,europe ve/$ ) a 
ca/+ vote2 & x w\ld also involve a sy/em
 ( competitive armam5ts ( ! same g5]al  
"* z :at has also %[n itself bankrupt4  
,x w\ld1 9 o!r words1 mean a virtual    
return to ! /atus quo ante1 b ) an ov]t 
recognition ( its provisional "*1 & ) ! 
l9es ( division m %>ply drawn4 ,t is to 
say1 x w\ld am\nt to re9/at+ ! situation
 :i* ! project$ league is int5d$ to     
av]t4 ,x is evid5tly conta9$ 9 !        
premises t ! project$ league mu/ be     
all-inclusive1 at lea/ z reg>ds its     

jurisdiction & surveillance4 ,! argum5t 
w return to ?is po9t pres5tly4  ,!      
purpose ( ! project$ league is peace &  
security1 commonly spok5 ( "u patriotic 
preconceptions z national peace &       
security4 ,?is w h to mean a compet5t   
en=cem5t ( peace1 on su* a foot+ (      
ov]ma/]+ =ce at ! disposal ( ! associat$
 pacific nations z to make security a   
matt] ( ord9>y r\t9e4 ,x is true1 ! m   
g5ial spokesm5 ( ! project are giv5 to !
 view t :at is to come ( x all is a     
comity ( neutral nations1 amicably      
adju/+ _! own relations among !mselves 9
 a _s ( peace & good-w4 ,b ?is view is  
ov]-sangu9e1 9 t x ov]looks ! po9t t    
into ?is prospective comity ( nations   
,imp]ial ,g]many 7& ,imp]ial ,japan7 fit
 l a drunk5 savage ) a ma*9e gun4 ,x    
also ov]looks ! pat5t fatality t ^! two 
are b\nd to come into a coalition at !  
next turn1 ) :atev] outside & subsidi>y 
res\rces !y c draw on2 provid$ only t a 
reasonable op5+ = fur!r ent]prise       
pres5ts itself4 ,! league1 9 o!r t]ms1  

mu/ be 9 a position to en=ce peace by   
ov]ma/]+ =ce1 & to anticipate any move  
at cross purposes ) ! security ( !      
pacific nations4  ,?is end c be rea*$ by
 ei!r "o ( two ways4 ,if ! dyna/ic      
,/ates are left to _! own devices1 x w  
be incumb5t on ! associat$ nations to   
put 9 ! field a /&+ =ce suffici5t to    
prev5t a rec\rse to arms2 :i* means     
competitive armam5t & univ]sal milit>y  
rule4 ,or ! dyna/ic ,/ates may be tak5  
into p>tn]%ip & plac$ "u su*            
surveillance & con/ra9t z to practically
 dis>m !m2 :i* w\ld admit virtual       
dis>mam5t ( ! f$]at$ nations4 ,! =m]    
arrangem5t has no?+ 9 its fav\r1 except 
! possibility t no bett] or less irksome
 arrangem5t c be _h "u exi/+            
circum/ances2 t is to say t ! pacific   
nations may n be able to br+ ^! dyna/ic 
/ates to t]ms ( dis>mam5t "u            
surveillance4 ,!y assur$ly c n except by
 =ce2 & ?is is ! precise po9t on :i* !  
cont9u$ ho/ilities 9 ,europe turn today4
 ,9 diplomatic p>able ! ,g]man ,imp]ial 

spokesm5 say t !y c accept 7or z !y     
pref] to phrase x1 grant7 no t]ms t d n 
fully safegu>d ! ,future ( ! ,fa!rl&2 & 
9 simil>ly diplomatic p>able ! spokesm5 
( ! ,ent5te insi/ t ,prussian milit>ism 
mu/ be p]man5tly put out ( commission2 b
 x all means ! same ?+1 viz4 t !        
,imp]ial e/abli%m5t is to be 7or is n to
 be7 disabl$ beyond ! possibility ( its 
ent]+ on a simil> w>like ent]prise aga91
 :5 x has _h "t = recup]ation4 ,!       
dyna/ic /atesm51 & ! lay subjects ( !   
,imp]ial e/abli%m5t1 are /r5u\sly set on
 secur+ a fair opportunity = recup]ation
 & a wis] endeav\r to a*ieve t dom9ion  
:i* ! pres5t adv5ture promises to       
defeat2 :ile ! ,ent5te want no          
recurr5ce1 & are p]suad$ t a recurr5ce c
 be avoid$ only on ! foot+ ( a pres5t   
collapse ( ! ,imp]ial p[] & a           
scrupul\sly en=c$ pro/ration ( x h5ce=?4
  ,)\t ! def9itive collapse ( ! ,imp]ial
 p[] no pacific league ( nations c come 
to any?+ mu* m ?an armi/ice4 ,on ! basis
 ( su* a collapse ! league may z well   

adm9i/] its affairs economically by way 
( an all-ar\nd r$uction ( armam5ts1 z by
 ! co/li] & m irksome way ( prep>$ness4 
,b a s5sible r$uction ( armam5ts on ! "p
 ( ! neutral nations implies dis>mam5t (
 ! dyna/ic ,/ates4 ,:i* w\ld involve a  
neutral surveillance ( ! affairs ( ^!   
dyna/ic ,/ates 9 su* detail & ) su*     
ex]cise ( au?ority z w\ld r$uce _!      
gov]nm5ts to ! effective /atus ( local  
adm9i/rative (ficials4 ,out ( :i*1 9    
turn1 w\ld arise complications t w\ld   
lead to necess>y readju/m5ts all along !
 l9e4 ,x w\ld involve ! virtual1 if n   
also ! =mal1 abolition ( ! mon>*y1 s9ce 
! mon>*y has no o!r use ?an t (         
int]national w> & intrigue2 or at lea/ x
 w\ld involve ! virtual abrogation ( its
 p[]s1 r$uc+ x to ! same /atus (        
fa9eantise z n[ *>act]ises ! ,briti%    
cr[n4 ,evid5tly ?is means a s]i\s       
int]m$dl+ 9 ! dome/ic conc]ns &         
arrangem5ts ( ! ,fa!rl&1 su* z is n     
admissible "u ! democratic pr9ciple t   
any p mu/ be left free to foll[ _! own  

incl9ations & devices 9 _! own conc]ns2 
at ! same "t t ?is degree ( int]f]5ce is
 imp]ative if ! peace is to be kept on  
any o!r foot+ ?an t ( et]nal vigilance &
 sup]ior arm$ =ce1 ) a p ^: own         
incl9ations & devices are ( ! k9d n[    
gr[n famili> 9 ! ,g]man case1--all ( :i*
 also applies1 ) acc5tuation1 9 ! case (
 ,imp]ial ,japan4         99       99   
99       99       99  ,"s su* policy (  
neutral surveillance 9 ! affairs ( ^!   
peoples ^: pacific temp] is "u          
suspicion1 is necess>ily involv$ 9 a    
plan to en=ce peace by conc]t ( !       
pacific nations1 & x w necess>ily c>ry  
implications & f>!r issues1 t\*+ n only 
^! suppos$ly recalcitrant peoples1 b    
also z reg>ds ! pacific nations         
!mselves4 ,assum+ always t ! prime      
purpose & consi/5t aim ( ! project$     
league is ! peace & security ( ^?       
pacific nations on ^: initiative x is to
 be a*iev$1 !n x %\ld be reasonable to  
assume t ! c\rse ( proc$ure 9 its       
organisation1 adm9i/ration & fur!r      

adaptations & adju/m5ts mu/ foll[ !     
logic ( necessities lead+ to t end4 ,he 
:o wills ! end mu/ make up 8 acc\nt ) ! 
means4  ,! end 9 ?is case is peace &    
security2 :i* means1 = practical        
purposes1 peace & good-w4 ,ill-w is n a 
secure f\ndation ( peace4 ,ev5 ! milit>y
 /rategi/s ( ! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t      
recomm5d a programme ( frightfulness    
only z a conv5i5t milit>y exp$i5t1      
ess5tially a provisional basis (        
tranquility4 ,9 ! long run & z a p]man5t
 peace measure x is d\btless n to !     
po9t4 ,security is f9ally to be _h among
 or betwe5 mod]n peoples only on ! gr\nd
 ( a common und]/&+ & an imp>tially     
common basis ( equity1 or some?+        
approa*+ t basis z ne>ly z circum/ances 
w p]mit4 ,:i* means t 9 s f> z !        
project$ peace-compact is to take effect
 9 any endur+ way1 & leave ! f$]at$     
nations "s degree ( fre$om f p]si/5t    
appreh5sion & animosity1 z well z f     
habitual insecurity ( life & limb1 !    
league mu/ n only be all-inclusive1 b x 

mu/ be inclusively uni=m 9 all its      
requirem5ts & regulations4  ,! peoples (
 ! quondam ,imp]ial nations mu/ come    
into ! league on a foot+ ( =mal equality
 ) ! re/4 ,?is !y c n d )\t ! virtual   
abdication ( _! dyna/ic gov]nm5tal      
e/abli%m5ts & a consequ5t %ift to a     
democratic =m ( organisation1 & a =mal  
abrogation ( class privileges &         
pr]ogatives4  ,h[ev]1 a virtual         
abdication or cancelm5t ( ! dyna/ic     
rule1 su* z to br+ x =mally into ! same 
class ) ! ,briti% cr[n1 w\ld sc>cely    
meet ! requirem5ts 9 ! case ( ! ,g]man  
,imp]ial e/abli%m5t2 /ill m pat5tly n 9 
! case ( ,imp]ial ,japan4 ,if1 foll[+ ! 
outl9es ( ! decay$ ,briti% cr[n1 "o or !
 o!r ( ^! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5ts 7 by =mal
 enactm5t r$uc$ to a /ate ( nom9al      
desuetude1 ! effect w\ld be v           
appreciably diff]5t f :at happ5s 9 !    
,briti% community1 :]e ! cr[n has lo/   
its p[]s by failure ( ! requisite       
subord9ation on ! "p ( ! p1 & n by a    
=mal abdication ( rights4 ,9 ! ,g]man   

case1 & ev5 m 9 ! ,japanese case1 !     
/r5g? ( ! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t lies 9 !  
unimpair$ loyalty ( ! populace2 :i* w\ld
 rema9 ne>ly intact at ! outset1 & w\ld 
?9 out only by ins5sible degrees 9 !    
sequel2 s t if only ! ,imp]ial          
e/abli%m5t 7 left =mally /&+ x w\ld     
comm& ! fealty ( ! common run 9 spite ( 
any =mal abrogation ( its p[]s1 & !     
c\rse ( ?+s w\ld1 9 effect1 run z be=e !
 break4 ,9 effect1 to br+ ab\t a %ift to
 a democratic basis ! dyna/ic slate w\ld
 h to be wip$ v clean inde$4 ,& ?is %ift
 w\ld be indisp5sable to ! successful   
conduct ( su* a pacific league (        
nations1 s9ce any o!r ?an an effectually
 democratic national e/abli%m5t is to be
 c\nt$ on unfail+ly to intrigue =       
dyna/ic aggr&izem5t1 ?r\gh good report &
 evil4  ,9 a case l t ( ,imp]ial        
,g]many1 ) its f$]at$ ,/ates &          
subsidi>ies1 :]e royalty & nobility /ill
 are pot5t preconceptions inve/+ !      
popul> imag9ation1 & :]e loyal          
abnegation 9 ! pres5ce ( au?ority /ill  

is ! *ief & /aple virtue ( ! common     
man1--9 all su* cases virtual abdication
 ( ! dyna/ic initiative "u con/itutional
 =ms c be _h only by a =mal &           
scrupul\sly complete abrogation ( all ^?
 legal & cu/om>y arrangem5ts on :i* ?is 
irresponsible ex]cise ( au?ority has    
re/$ & ?r\gh :i* x has tak5 effect4     
,neutralisation 9 ^! in/ances w mean    
r$uction to an unqualifi$ democratic    
foot+2 :i* w1 at lea/ at ! outset1 n be 
acceptable to ! common p1 & w be :olly  
intol]able to ! rul+ classes4 ,su* a    
rgime1 !re=e1 :ile x is indisp5sable z a
 work+ basis = a neutral league ( peace1
 w\ld f ! outset h to be en=c$ aga9/ !  
mo/ desp]ate resi/ance ( ! rul+ classes1
 head$ by ! dyna/ic /atesm5 & w>lords1 &
 back$ by ! /ubborn loyalty ( ! subject 
populace4 ,x w\ld h to mean ! end ( ?+s 
= ! rul+ classes & ! mo/ di/a/eful      
submission to an ali5 s*eme ( use & wont
 = ! populace4 ,& yet x is also an      
indisp5sable elem5t 9 any s*eme (       
pacification t aims at p]man5t peace &  

security4 ,9 "t1 x may well be believ$1 
! p ( ! ,fa!rl& might le>n to d well    
en\gh )\t ! gratuit\s dom9ation ( _!    
rul+ classes1 b at ! outset x w\ld be a 
he>tfelt privation4  ,x foll[s t a      
league to en=ce peace w\ld h to beg9 its
 rgime ) en=c+ peace on t]ms ( !        
unconditional surr5d] ( ! =midable      
w>like nations2 :i* c\ld be accompli%$  
only by ! absolute & irretrievable      
defeat ( ^! ,p[]s z !y n[ /&4 ,! "q w1  
no d\bt1 pres5t itself1 ,is ! end wor? !
 co/8 ,t "q c1 ( c\rse1 n be answ]$ 9   
absolute t]ms1 inasmu* z x resolves     
itself into a "q ( ta/e & prepossession4
 ,an answ] to x w\ld also n be greatly  
to ! purpose "h1 s9ce x w\ld h no       
p>ticul> be>+ on ! c\rse ( action likely
 to be pursu$ by ^! pacific nations 9 _!
 que/ ( a settl$ peace4 ,x is m to !    
po9t to ask :at is likely to be !       
practical decision ( ^! peoples on t    
head :5 ! "q f9ally pres5ts itself 9 a  
concrete =m4  ,aga9 x is necess>y to    
call to m9d t any mom5t\s innovation :i*

 re/s on popul> s5tim5t w take "t2 t    
consequ5tly any?+ l a plbiscite on ! "q 
today w\ld sc>cely give a safe index (  
:at ! decision is likely to be :5       
pres5tly put to ! te/2 & t z ?+s g j n[1
 swiftly & urg5t1 any "t-all[ance c\nts 
at some?+ m ?an its ord9>y workday      
coeffici5t4 ,:at c app>5tly be said ) "s
 degree ( confid5ce is t j n[1 dur+ ^!  
two ye>s pa/1 s5tim5t has be5 mov+ 9 !  
direction indicat$1 & t any gr[+        
incl9ation ( ! k9d is be+ /rongly re5=c$
 by a gr[+ realisation t no?+ b h]oic   
rem$ies w avail at ?is juncture4 ,if x  
comes to be curr5tly recognis$ t a      
settl$ peace c be _h only at ! co/ (    
eradicat+ privilege & royalty f ! w>like
 nations1 x w\ld seem reasonable to     
expect1 f _! pres5t /ate ( m9d1 t !     
pacific nations w sc>cely hesitate to   
apply t rem$y1--provid$ always t !      
=tunes ( w> fall out z t measure w\ld   
require1 & provid$ also t ! conflict    
la/s long en\gh & sev]e en\gh to let !m 
make up _! m9d to any?+ s dra/ic4       

99       99       99       99       99  
,!re is a c]ta9 side issue be>+ on ?is  
"q ( ! ult]ior probabilities ( popul>   
s5tim5t & national policy z to :at is to
 be done ) ! w>like nations 9 ! ev5t t !
 alli$ nations :o fight = neutrality h !
 disposal ( su* matt]s4 ,?is side issue 
may seem remote1 & x may n unlikely be  
ov]look$ among ! mass ( grav] & m       
tangible consid]ations4 ,x 0 rem>k$     
above t ! ,unit$ ,k+dom is "o ( ! two   
*ief pill>s ( ! project$ h\se ( peace2 &
 x may be add$ )\t s]i\s fe> (          
contradiction or annoyance t ! ,unit$   
,k+dom is also ! "o among ^! pacific    
nations t comes ne>e/ be+ capable1 9 !  
ev5t ( su* an em]g5cy1 to take c>e ( its
 own case s+le-h&$4 ,= bett] or worse1  
,briti% adhesion to ! project is        
indisp5sable1 & ! ,briti% are 9 a       
position virtually to "n _! own t]ms (  
adhesion4 ,! ,briti% commonweal?--a v   
inclusive phrase 9 ?is connection--mu/  
=m ! core ( ! pacific league1 if any1 & 
,briti% s5tim5t w h a v great place 9 ! 

t]ms ( its =mation & 9 ! t]ms :i* x w be
 incl9$ to (f] ! ,imp]ial coalition at !
 settlem5t4  ,n[1 x happ5s t ! ,briti%  
community ent]$ on ?is w> z a democratic
 mon>*y rul$ & (fic]$ by a body (       
g5tlem5--d\btless ! mo/ correct &       
admirable mu/] ( g5tlem51 ( any?+       
approa*+ its volume1 t ! mod]n _w c %[4 
,b ! w> has turn$ out n to be a         
g5tlem5's w>4 ,x has on ! contr>y be5 a 
w> ( te*nological exploits1 re5=c$ ) all
 ! bea/ly devices ( ! hea!n4 ,x is a w> 
9 :i* all ! specific traits ( ! well-br$
 & g5tly-m9d$ man are a h&icap2 9 :i*   
v]acity1 gallantry1 humanity1 lib]ality 
are conducive to no?+ b defeat &        
humiliation4 ,! dea?-rate among !       
,briti% g5tlem5-(fic]s 9 ! e>ly mon?s1 &
 = _m mon?s1 ran extravagantly high1 = !
 mo/ "p because !y 7 gallant g5tlem5 z  
well z (fic]s imbu$ ) ! good1 old class 
_s ( noblesse oblige1 t has made half ! 
tradition & m ?an half ! work+ !ory ( ! 
,briti% (fic] 9 ! field1--good1 b old1  
hopelessly out ( date4 ,t g5]ation (    

(fic]s di$1 = ! mo/ "p2 be+ unfit to    
survive or to s]ve ! purpose "u ^! mod]n
 conditions ( w>f>e1 to :i* _! enemy on 
! o!r h& _h adapt$ !mselves ) easy      
facility f be=eh&4 ,! g5tlemanly        
qualifications1 & ! mat]ial app>atus (  
g5tility1 &1 x w p]haps h to be admitt$1
 ! g5tlem51 h fall5 into ! backgr\nd1 or
 p]haps r h measurably fall5 into       
abeyance1 among ! (fic]s ( ! l9e4 ,!re  
may be m d\bt z to ! /ate ( ?+s 9       
respect ( ! g5tility ( ! /aff1 b ! be/ t
 c confid5tly be said is t x is a po9t 9
 d\bt4  ,x is hop$ t "o may say )\t     
(f5se t 9 ! c\rse ( "t ! p]sonnel has   
app>5tly work$ d[n to ! level ( vulg>ity
 def9$ by ! ways & means ( ?is mod]n    
w>f>e2 :i* means ! level on :i* runs a  
famili> acqua9tance ) l>ge & complex    
me*anical app>atus1 railway & highway   
transport & p[]1 re5=c$ concrete1       
excavations & mud1 m p>ticul>ly mud1    
concealm5t & ambu%1 & unlimit$ deceit & 
f]ocity4 ,x is n precisely t p]sons (   
p$igree & g5tle bre$+ h ceas$ to ent] or

 seek entrance to employm5t z (fic]s1   
/ill less t measures h be5 tak5 to      
re/ra9 _! do+ s or to elim9ate f !      
s]vice ^? :o h come into x--?\gh !re may
 pres5t itself a d\bt on ?is po9t z     
t\*es ! m responsible discretion>y      
positions--b only t ! /ock ( suitable   
g5tlem51 uncommonly l>ge z x is1 has be5
 ov]drawn2 t ^? :o h latt]ly gone into  
s]vice1 or /ay$ 91 h p]=ce dive/$       
!mselves ( _! g5tility 9 "s appreciable 
measure1 p>ticul>ly z reg>ds class      
di/9ction1 & h fall5 on _! feet 9 ! m   
commonplace role ( common m54           
,s]viceability 9 ?is mod]n w>f>e is     
condition$ on mu* ! same traits (       
temp]am5t & tra9+ t make = usefulness 9 
! mod]n indu/rial processes1 :]e        
l>ge-scale coord9ations ( movem5t & an  
effective famili>ity ) precise &        
f>-rea*+ me*anical processes is an      
indisp5sable requirem5t1--indisp5sable 9
 ! same measure z ! effici5t conduct (  
?is mod]n ma*9e indu/ry is indisp5sable4
 ,b ! ,briti% g5tleman1 9 s f> z he runs

 true to type1 is ( no use to mod]n     
indu/ry2 q ! contr>y1 9 fact4 ,/ill1 !  
,briti% g5tleman is1 9 po9t ( h]$ity1 ! 
same ?+ ov] aga9 z ! ,briti% common man2
 s t1 b>r+ ! misdirect$ tra9+ t makes   
him a g5tleman1 & :i* c l>gely be undone
 "u urg5t ne$ & pressure1 he c be made  
s]viceable = su* uses z ! mod]n w>f>e   
requires4 ,meantime ! v l>ge dem& =     
(fic]s1 & ! insatiable dem& = capable   
(fic]s1 has br\ght ! exp]i5c$ & capable 
common man into ! case & is 9 a fair way
 to discr$it g5tility z a necess>y      
qualification ( field (fic]s4  ,b ! same
 process ( discr$it & elim9ation is also
 ext5d+ to ! responsible (ficials :o h !
 adm9i/ration ( ?+s 9 h&4 ,inde$1 !     
c\rse ( vulg>isation among ! responsible
 (ficials has n[ be5 "u way = "s        
appreciable "t & ) v p]ceptible effect1 
& ! rate ( displacem5t appe>s to be     
ga!r+ velocity ) e mon? t passes4 ,"h1 z
 9 ! field op]ations1 x also appe>s t   
g5tlemanly me?ods1 /&>ds1               
preconceptions1 & k ( m5 & ?+s1 is no   

long] to ! purpose4 ,"h1 too1 x is      
increas+ly evid5t t ?is is n a g5tlem5's
 w>4 ,& ! traditional qualifications t h
 suffic$ 9 ! pa/1 at lea/ to ! ext5t (  
enabl+ ! ,briti% managem5t to muddle    
?r\gh1 z !y are pr\dly 9 ! habit (      
say+1--^! qualifications are ( slight   
acc\nt 9 ?is te*nological conjuncture ( 
! nation's =tunes4 ,x w\ld p]haps be an 
"u-/atem5t to say t ^! g5tlemanly       
qualifications are no long] ( any       
acc\nt1 = ! purpose imm$iately 9 h&1 & x
 w\ld d\btless n d to say t !y are :olly
 & unres]v$ly diss]viceable z ?+s run   
today2 b capti\s critics might f9d at   
lea/ a prec>i\s foot+ ( argum5t on su* a
 proposition4  ,?r\gh ! c\rse ( !       
n9ete5? c5tury ! ,briti% gov]nm5t _h    
progressively be5 tak+ on ! complexion (
 a g5tlem5's agreem5t2 a gov]nm5t by    
g5tlem51 = g5tlem51 & ( g5tlem51 too1   
beyond :at c\ld well be alleg$ 9 any o!r
 kn[n in/ance1 ?\gh nev] :olly s4 ,no   
gov]nm5t c\ld be a gov]nm5t ( g5tlem5   
exclusively1 s9ce !re is no pecuni>y    

pr(it 9 g5tlem5 z su*1 & !re=e no object
 9 gov]n+ !m2 m p>ticul>ly c\ld !re nev]
 be any inc5tive 9 x = g5tlem51 ^:      
livelihood is1 9 ! nature ( ! case1     
drawn f "s "o else4 ,a g5tlem5's        
gov]nm5t c escape dea? by inanition only
 9 s f> z x s]ves ! mat]ial int]e/ ( its
 class1 z contra/$ ) ! und]ly+          
population f :i* ! class draws its      
livelihood4 ,?is ,briti% arrangem5t ( a 
gov]nm5t by prud5t & humane g5tlem5 ) a 
view to ! cons]vation ( t /ate ( ?+s t  
be/ conduc$ to ! mat]ial well-be+ ( _!  
own class1 has on ! :ole _h ! loyal     
support ( ! und]ly+ populace1 ) an      
occasional fl\nd]+ prote/4 ,b ! prote/  
has nev] tak5 ! %ape ( an express$      
di/ru/ ( g5tlem51 consid]$ z ! /aple    
ways & means ( gov]nm5t2 nor has !      
direction ( affairs ev] desc5d$ into !  
h&s ( any o!r or l[] class or condition 
( m54  ,on ! :ole1 ?is ,briti%          
arrangem5t = ! control ( national       
affairs by a body ( int]e/$             
g5tlem5-inve/ors has be51 & p]haps /ill 

is1 j z well at home 9 ! affectionate   
preconceptions ( ! n9ete5?-c5tury       
,briti% z ! correspond+ ,g]man usufruct 
by self-appo9t$ swagg]+ ari/ocrats has  
be5 among ! und]ly+ ,g]man population1  
or z ! ,am]ican arrangem5t ( national   
control by bus9ess m5 = bus9ess ends4 ,!
 ,briti% & ! ,am]ican arrangem5ts run v 
mu* to ! same sub/antial effect1 (      
c\rse1 inasmu* z ! ,briti% g5tlem5      
repres5t1 z a class1 ! filial g5]ations 
( a bus9ess community1 & _! aims & /&>ds
 ( conduct cont9ue to be su* z are en=c$
 by ! pecuni>y int]e/s on :i* _!        
g5tility is condition$4 ,!y cont9ue to  
draw ! ways & means ( a wor?y life f    
bus9esslike arrangem5ts ( a ve/$ "*1    
made & provid$ ) a view to _! n\ri%m5t &
 repose4 ,_! result+ usufruct ( !       
community's productive ef=ts re/s on a  
ve/$ int]e/ ( a pecuni>y sort1 sanction$
 by ! sacr$ rights ( prop]ty2 v mu* z ! 
analog\s ,g]man dyna/ic & ari/ocratic   
usufruct re/s on p]sonal pr]ogative1    
sanction$ by ! sacr$ rights ( au!ntic   

prescription1 )\t aft]?\ght4 ,! two1 x w
 be not$ are v mu* alike1 9 effect1 "u !
 sk94 ,! great di/+ui%+ m>k be+ t !     
,g]man usufructu>y g5tlem5 are1 9 !ory  
at lea/1 g5tlem5-adv5tur]s ( pr[ess &   
pr\d words1 ^: place 9 ! _w's economy x 
is to glorify ,god & di/urb ! peace2    
:]eas _! ,briti% analogues are          
g5tlem5-inve/ors1 ( blameless propriety1
 ^: place x is m simply to glorify ,god 
& enjoy ,him =ev]4  ,all ?is arrangem5t 
( a usufruct ) a view to ! reputable    
consumption ( ! community's sup]flu\s   
production has _h ! cordial support (   
,briti% s5tim5t1 p]haps fully z cordial 
z ! ,g]man popul> subs]vi5ce 9 !        
correspond+ ,g]man s*eme2 bo? be+ well  
emb$d$ 9 ! preconceptions ( ! common    
man4 ,b ! w> has put x all to a rude    
te/1 & has call$ on ! ,briti% g5tlem5's 
executive committee to take ov] duties =
 :i* x 0 n design$4 ,! exig5cies ( ?is  
w> ( te*nological exploits h be5 almo/  
:olly1 & v insi/5tly1 ( a "* n          
contemplat$ 9 ! con/itution ( su* an    

executive committee ( g5tlem5-inve/ors  
design$ to safegu>d class int]e/s &     
promote _! pecuni>y class advantage by a
 blamelessly inconspicu\s & indirect    
managem5t ( national affairs4 ,! me?ods 
are ( ! class kn[n colloquially among ! 
vulg>-spok5 ,am]ican politicians z      
pussyfoot+ & log-roll+2 b always ) su*  
circum/ance ( magnitude1 au!nticity &   
well-br$ def]5ce to prec$5t1 z to give !
 result+ r\t9e ( subreption1 trov] &    
conv]sion1 an air n only ( b5evol5t     
consid]ation b ( au/]e morality4  ,b !  
mo/ au/]e c\rtesy & ! mo/ au!ntically   
dispassionate division ( b5efits w n    
meet ! und]br$ exig5cies ( a w> conduct$
 on ! me*ani/ic l9es ( ! mod]n /ate ( ! 
indu/rial arts4 ,s ! blameless1 & = !   
purpose imbecile1 executive committee ( 
g5tlem5-inve/ors has be5 ins5sibly los+ 
! confid5ce & ! c\nt5ance ( ! common    
man2 :o1 :5 all is said1 w always h to d
 :at is to be done4 ,! ord] ( g5tlemanly
 p>ley+ & brok]y has1 !re=e1 ) _m       
appreh5sions ( calamity1 be5 reluctantly

 & t>dily giv+ gr\nd be=e some?+ t is ( 
a visibly und]br$ ord]4 ,increas+ly     
und]br$1 & !reby ins5sibly approa*+ ! "*
 ( ?is w> situation1 b accept$ ) visible
 reluctance & appreh5sion bo? by ! rul+ 
class & by ! und]ly+ population4 ,!     
urg5t necessity ( go+ to su* a basis1 & 
( work+ out ! matt] 9 h& by an unblu%+  
rec\rse to t matt]-(-fact logic (       
me*anical effici5cy1 :i* alone c t\* !  
difficulties ( ! case1 b :i* has no     
respect ( p]sons1--?is necessity has be5
 pres5t f ! outset & has be5 vaguely    
appreh5d$ = long pa/1 b x is only t>dily
 & aft] ! *a/5+ ( heavy p5alties on ?is 
g5tlemanly imbecility t a sub/antial    
move 9 t direction has be5 made4 ,x has 
requir$ mu* ,briti% resolution to       
ov]come ! night-fe> ( go+ out into !    
unhall[$ gr\nd ( matt]-(-fact1 :]e !    
f>!/ e>li] excursions ( ! gov]nm5tal    
ag5cies _h tak5 !m no f>!r ?an su*      
f9ancial transactions z are incid5t to !
 accompli%m5t ( any?+ :atev] 9 a        
comm]cial nation4 ,& !n1 too1 !re is a  

pecuni>y int]e/ 9 be+ int]e/$ 9 f9ancial
 transactions4  ,?is %ift+ (            
discretion>y control out ( ! h&s ( !    
g5tlem5 into ^? ( ! und]br$ common run1 
:o "k h[ to d :at is necess>y to be done
 9 ! face ( und]br$ exig5cies1 may      
conceivably g f> :5 x has once be5 />t$1
 & x may g =w>d at an accel]at$ rate if 
! pressure ( necessity la/s long en\gh4 
,if "t be giv5 = habituation to ?is     
mann] ( directorate 9 national affairs1 
s t ! common man comes to realise h[ x  
is feasible to get along )\t            
g5tlem5-inve/ors hold+ ! discretion1 !  
outcome may conceivably be v grave4 ,x  
is a po9t 9 d\bt1 b x is conceivable t 9
 su* a case ! g5tlemanly executive      
committee adm9i/]+ affairs 9 ! light ( !
 g5tlemanly pecuni>y int]e/1 w n be     
fully re9/at$ 9 ! discretion>y control (
 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom = an appreciable numb] 
( ye>s aft] ! return ( peace4 ,possibly1
 ev51 ! rgime may be p]man5tly d]ang$1 &
 !re is ev5 a %ad[y d\bt possible to be 
ent]ta9$ z to :e!r ! ve/$ pecuni>y      

rights1 on :i* ! class ( g5tlem5 re/s1  
may n suff] "s d]angem5t1 9 case !      
control %\ld pass into ! h&s ( ! und]br$
 & unprop]ti$ = s long a season z to let
 ! common man get us$ to ?9k+ t ! ve/$  
int]e/s & ! sacr$ rights ( g5tility are 
s mu* ado ab\t no?+4  ,su* an outcome   
w\ld be extreme1 b z a remote cont+5cy x
 is to be tak5 into acc\nt4 ,! privileg$
 classes ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom %\ld by ?is  
"t be able to see ! dang] !re may be =  
!m & _! ve/$ int]e/s1 pecuni>y & moral1 
9 an excessive prolongation ( ! w>2 9   
su* po/ponem5t ( peace z w\ld af=d "t = 
a popul> realisation ( _! incompet5ce & 
diss]viceability z t\*es ! nation's     
mat]ial well-be+ "u mod]n conditions4   
,to let ! nation's w> exp]i5ce "w to su*
 an outcome1 ! season ( w> w\ld h to be 
prolong$ beyond :at ei!r ! hopes or !   
fe>s ( ! community h yet contemplat$2 b 
! po9t is aft] all wor? not+1 z be+ )9 !
 premises ( ! case1 t !re is h]e9 a     
remote cont+5cy ( los+1 at lea/ = a "t1 
t un=mulat$ clause 9 ! ,briti%          

con/itution :i* has hi!rto re/rict$ !   
hold+ ( responsible (fice to m5 (       
p$igree & ( g5tle bre$+1 or at lea/ ( v 
grave pecuni>y weight2 s grave z to make
 ! incumb5ts virtual g5tlem51 ) a       
virtual p$igree1 & ) a virtual          
g5tleman's acc5tuat$ s5se ( class       
int]e/4 ,%\ld su* an ev5tuality ov]take 
,briti% popul> s5tim5t & belief !re is  
also ! remote cont+5cy t ! rights (     
own]%ip & inve/m5t w\ld lose a degree ( 
sanctity4  ,x seems necess>y to note a  
fur!r1 & 9 a s5se m improbable1 l9e (   
dis9tegration among mod]n fix$ ideas4   
,among ! be/ entr5*$ illusions ( mod]n  
economic preconceptions1 & 9 economic z 
well z legal !ory1 has be5 !            
indisp5sability ( funds1 & ! h>d & fa/  
limitation ( indu/rial op]ations by !   
supply or )-hold+ ( funds4 ,! w>        
exp]i5ce has hi!rto gone t5tatively to  
%[ t funds & f9ancial transactions1 (   
cr$it1 b>ga91 sale & solv5cy1 may be    
disp5s$ ) "u pressure ( necessity2 &    
app>5tly )\t s]i\sly h9d]+ t run (      

me*anical fact1 on :i* int]e/ 9 ! pres5t
 case necess>ily c5t]s1 & :i* mu/ be    
c\nt$ on to give ! outcome4 ,latt]ly !  
case is cle>+ up a little fur!r1 on     
fur!r exp]i5ce & "u fur!r pressure (    
te*nological exig5cies1 to ! effect t   
f9ancial arrangem5ts are indisp5sable 9 
?is connection only because & 9 s f> z x
 has be5 arrang$ to consid] !m          
indisp5sable2 z 9 int]national trade4   
,!y are an indisp5sable means (         
int]m$iation only 9 s f> z pecuni>y     
int]e/s are to be fur!r$ or safegu>d$ 9 
! int]m$iation4 ,:51 z has happ5$ ) !   
bellig]5ts 9 ! pres5t in/ance1 !        
national e/abli%m5t becomes sub/antially
 insolv5t1 x is beg9n+ to appe> t its   
affairs c be tak5 c>e ( ) less          
difficulty & ) bett] effect )\t ! use ( 
f9ancial exp$i5ts4 ,( c\rse1 x takes "t 
to get us$ to do+ ?+s by ! m direct     
me?od & )\t ! accu/om$ circumlocution ( 
acc\ntancy1 or ! accu/om$ all[ance =    
pr(its to g to int]e/$ p>ties :o1 "u !  
f9ancial rgime1 hold a p[] (            

discretion>y p]mission 9 all matt]s t   
t\* ! use ( ! indu/rial arts4 ,"u ^!    
urg5t mat]ial exig5cies1 inve/m5t comes 
to h mu* ( ! appe>ance ( a gratuit\s    
drag & dra9 on ! processes ( indu/ry4   
,"h1 aga91 is a s9i/] cont+5cy2 s9i/]1 t
 is1 = ^? ve/$ rights ( own]%ip by =ce (
 :i* ! own]s ( capital are enabl$ to    
p]mit or )hold ! use ( ! indu/rial arts 
by ! community at l>ge1 on pa9 (        
privation 9 case ! accu/om$ toll to !   
own]s ( capital is n paid4 ,x is1 (     
c\rse1 n int5d$ to f9d fault ) ?is      
arrangem5t2 :i* has ! sanction ( "t     
immemorial & ( a settl$ p]suasion t x   
lies at ! root ( all civilis$ life &    
int]c\rse4 ,x is only t 9 case ( extreme
 ne$ ?is presum$ indisp5sable exp$i5t ( 
indu/rial control has brok5 d[n1 & t    
exp]i5ce is prov+ x to be1 9 ^!         
premises1 an item ( borr[$ tr\ble4 ,%\ld
 exp]i5ce cont9ue to run on ! same l9es 
= an appreciable p]iod & at a high      
t5sion1 x is at lea/ conceivable t !    
ve/$ "r ( own]s to employ unlimit$      

sabotage 9 ! que/ ( pr(its might fall s 
f> into disrepute z to leave !m "u a    
qualifi$ d\bt on ! return ( normal      
conditions4 ,! common man1 9 o!r words1 
:o ga!rs no?+ b privation & anxiety f ! 
own]s' discretion>y sabotage1 may       
conceivably /& to lose 8 preconception t
 ! ve/$ rights ( own]%ip are ! corn]/one
 ( 8 life1 lib]ty & pursuit ( happ9ess4 
99       99       99       99       99  
,! consid]ations recit$ 9 ?is l5g?y     
excursion on ! w> situation & its       
probable effects on popul> habits (     
?\ght 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom g to say t :5   
peace comes to be negotiat$1 ) ! ,unit$ 
,k+dom z ! *ief con/itu5t & weightie/   
spokesman ( ! alli$ nations & ( ! league
 ( pacific neutrals1 ! repres5tatives ( 
,briti% aims & op9ions are likely to    
speak 9 a diff]5t1 *a/5$1 & disillusion$
 fa%ion1 z contra/$ ) :at ! ,briti%     
attitude 0 at ! beg9n+ ( ho/ilities4 ,! 
g5tlemanly ,briti% animus ( arrogant    
self-suffici5cy w h be5 some:at sob]$1  
p]haps some:at subdu$4 ,concession to ! 

claims & pret5sions ( ! o!r pacific     
nations is likely to g f>!r ?an might   
once h be5 expect$1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! way (
 concession to any dem& = great]        
int]national comity & less int]national 
discrim9ation2 ess5tially concession    
look+ to a r$uction ( national          
pret5sions & an incipi5t neutralisation 
( national int]e/s4 ,c\pl$ ) ?is w      
presumably be a less conciliatory       
attitude t[>d ! memb]s ( ! dyna/ic      
coalition aga9/ :om ! w> has be5 f\ght1 
ow+ to a m mature realisation ( !       
impossibility ( a la/+ peace negotiat$ )
 a ,p[] ^: sub/antial core is a w>like &
 irresponsible dyna/ic e/abli%m5t4 ,!   
peace negotiations are likely to run on 
a l[] level ( diplomatic def]5ce to     
con/itut$ au?orities1 & ) m ( a view to 
! int]e/s & s5tim5ts ( ! und]ly+        
population1 ?an 0 evid5t 9 ! futile     
negotiations _h at ! outbreak (         
ho/ilities4 ,! g5tle art ( diplomacy1 t 
engages ! tal5ts ( exalt$ p]sonages &   
well-br$ /atesm51 has be5 some:at       

discr$it$2 & if x turns out t !         
vulg>isation ( ! directorate 9 ! ,unit$ 
,k+dom & its associat$ allies & neutrals
 w h "t to g on to some?+ l dom9ance &  
au!nticity1 !n ! def]5ce :i* ! spokesm5 
( ^! nations are likely to %[ = !       
prescriptive rights ( dyna/y1 nobility1 
bureaucracy1 or ev5 ( pecuni>y          
ari/ocracy1 9 ! c\ntries t make up !    
p>ty ( ! second "p1 may be expect$ to h 
%runk appreciably1 conceivably ev5 to   
su* prec>i\s dim5sions z to involve !   
virtual neglect or possible d[nright    
abrogation ( !m1 9 sum & sub/ance4      
,inde$1 ! *ances ( a successful pacific 
league ( neutrals to come out ( ! curr5t
 situation appe> to be l>gely b\nd up ) 
! degree ( vulg>isation due to ov]take !
 sev]al directorates ( ! bellig]5t      
nations z well z ! popul> habits ( ?\ght
 9 ^! & 9 ! neutral c\ntries1 dur+ !    
fur!r c\rse ( ! w>4 ,x is too broad a   
g5]alisation1 p]haps1 to say t ! long] !
 w> la/s ! bett] are ! *ances ( su* a   
neutral temp] 9 ! int]e/$ nations z w   

make a pacific league practicable1 b !  
contr>y w\ld appe> a mu* less def5sible 
proposition4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 ! common   
man t has ! lea/ int]e/ 9 w>like        
ent]prise1 if any1 & x is at ! same "t !
 common man t be>s ! burd5 ( su*        
ent]prise & has also ! mo/ imm$iate     
int]e/ 9 keep+ ! peace4 ,if1 sl[ly &    
p]vasively1 9 ! c\rse ( h>d exp]i5ce1 he
 le>ns to di/ru/ ! conduct ( affairs by 
8 bett]s1 & le>ns at ! same move to tru/
 to 8 own class to d :at is necess>y &  
to leave undone :at is n1 8 def]5ce to 8
 bett]s is likely to suff] a decl9e1 su*
 z %\ld %[ itself 9 a some:at ungu>d$   
rec\rse to democratic ways & means4  ,9 
%ort1 !re is 9 ?is progressive          
vulg>isation ( effectual use & wont & ( 
s5tim5t1 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom & else:]e1 "s
 slight gr\nd = ! hope1 or !            
appreh5sion1 t no peace w be made ) !   
dyna/ic ,p[]s ( ! second "p until !y    
cease to be dyna/ic ,p[]s & take on !   
semblance ( democratic commonweal?s1 )  
dyna/ies1 royalties & privileg$ classes 

?r[n 9 ! disc>d4  ,?is w\ld probably    
mean "s prolongation ( ho/ilities1 until
 ! dyna/ies & privileg$ classes _h      
completely exhau/$ _! available         
res\rces2 &1 by ! same tok51 until !    
privileg$ classes 9 ! m mod]n nations   
among ! bellig]5ts _h also be5 displac$ 
f direction & discretion by ^? und]br$  
classes on :om x is incumb5t to d :at is
 to be done2 or until a juncture 7 rea*$
 t comes passably ne> to su* a          
situation4 ,on ! cont+5cy ( su* a c\rse 
( ev5ts & "s su* outcome appe>s also to 
hang ! *ance ( a workable pacific       
league4 ,)\t fur!r exp]i5ce ( ! futility
 ( upp]-class & pecuni>y control1 to    
discr$it prec$5t & con/itut$ au?ority1 x
 is sc>cely conceivable1 e4g41 t !      
victori\s allies w\ld g ! l5g? (        
co]cively disc>d+ ! ,g]man ,imp]ial     
dyna/y & ! kept classes t ) x con/itute 
! ,imp]ial ,/ate1 & ( replac+ x ) a     
democratic organisation ( ! p 9 ! %ape (
 a mod]n commonweal?2 & )\t a *ange ( t 
nature1 affect+ t nation & su* ( its    

allies z w\ld rema9 on ! map1 no league 
( pacific neutrals w\ld be able to      
manage its affairs1 ev5 = a "t1 except  
on a w>-foot+ t w\ld involve a          
competitive armam5t aga9/ future dyna/ic
 ent]prises f ! same qu>t]4 ,:i* comes  
to say+ t a la/+ peace is possible on no
 o!r t]ms ?an ! dise/abli%m5t ( !       
,imp]ial dyna/y & ! abrogation ( all    
feudali/ic remnants ( privilege 9 !     
,fa!rl& & its allies1 toge!r ) !        
r$uction ( ^? c\ntries to ! /atus (     
commonweal?s made up ( ungrad$ m54      
99       99       99       99       99  
,x is easy to speculate on :at !        
conditions prec$5t to su* a pacific     
league ( neutrals mu/ ( necessity be2 b 
x is n !re=e less difficult to make a   
%rewd guess z to ! *ances ( ^!          
conditions be+ met4 ,( ^! conditions    
prec$5t1 ! *ief & =emo/1 )\t :i* any o!r
 favorable circum/ances are comp>atively
 idle1 is a consid]able degree (        
neutralisation1 ext5d+ to virtually all 
national int]e/s & pret5sions1 b m      

p>ticul>ly to all mat]ial & comm]cial   
int]e/s ( ! f$]at$ peoples2 &1          
indisp5sably & especially1 su*          
neutralisation w\ld h to ext5d to !     
nations f :om aggression is n[          
appreh5d$1 z1 e4g41 ! ,g]man p4 ,b su*  
neutralisation c\ld n conceivably rea* !
 ,fa!rl& unless t nation 7 made ov] 9 ! 
image ( democracy1 s9ce ! ,imp]ial ,/ate
 is1 by =ce ( ! t]ms1 a w>like &        
unneutral p[]4 ,?is w\ld seem to be !   
o/5sibly conceal$ mean+ ( ! alli$       
gov]nm5ts 9 proclaim+ t _! aim is to    
break ,g]man milit>ism )\t do+ h>m to ! 
,g]man p4  ,z t\*es ! neutralisation ( !
 democratically rehabilitat$ ,fa!rl&1 or
 9 default ( t1 z t\*es ! peace t]ms to 
be (f]$ ! ,imp]ial gov]nm5t1 ! prime    
article among ! /ipulations w\ld seem to
 be abolition ( all trade discrim9ation 
aga9/ ,g]many or by ,g]many aga9/ any   
o!r nationality4 ,su* /ipulation w\ld1 (
 c\rse1 cov] all mann] ( trade          
discrim9ation1--e4g41 import1 export &  
excise t>iff1 h>bor & regi/ry dues1     

subsidy1 pat5t "r1 copyright1 trade m>k1
 tax exemption :e!r p>tial or exclusive1
 inve/m5t pref]5ces at home & abroad1--9
 %ort x w\ld h to e/abli% a ?or\ghgo+   
neutralisation ( trade relations 9 !    
wide/ acceptation ( ! t]m1 & to apply 9 
p]petuity4 ,! l applies1 ( c\rse1 to all
 t fr+e ( subsidi>y & outly+ peoples on 
:om ,imp]ial ,g]many relies = mu* ( its 
res\rces 9 any w>like ent]prise4 ,su* a 
move also disposes ( ! colonial "q 9 a  
p>5!sis1 s f> z reg>ds any special bond 
( affiliation betwe5 ! ,empire1 or !    
,fa!rl&1 & any colonial possessions t   
are n[ ?\ght desirable to be claim$4 ,"u
 neutralisation1 colonies w\ld cease to 
be colonial possessions1 be+ necess>ily 
includ$ "u ! g5]al abrogation (         
comm]cial discrim9ations1 & also        
necess>ily exempt f special taxation or 
specially favorable tax rates4          
,colonies !re /ill w\ld be1 ?\gh x is n 
easy to imag9e :at w\ld be ! mean+ ( a  
,g]man ,colony 9 su* a case4 ,colonies  
w\ld be free communities1 aft] ! fa%ion 

( ,new ,zeal& or ,au/ralia1 b ) ! fur!r 
/]ilisation ( ! bond betwe5 colony & "m 
c\ntry involv$ 9 ! abolition ( all      
appo9tive (fices & all responsibility to
 ! cr[n or ! imp]ial gov]nm5t4 ,n[1 !re 
are no ,g]man colonies 9 ?is simpl]     
,briti% s5se ( ! t]m1 :i* implies no?+ m
 ?an community ( blood1 in/itutions &   
language1 toge!r ) t s5se ( solid>ity   
betwe5 ! colony & ! "m c\ntry :i* ?is   
community ( p$igree & in/itutions w     
necess>ily br+2 b :ile !re are today no 
,g]man colonies1 9 ! s5se ( ! t]m s     
giv51 !re is no reason to presume t no  
su* ,g]man colonies w\ld come into be>+ 
"u ! conditions ( ?is prospective rgime 
( neutrality in/all$ by su* a pacific   
league1 :5 back$ by ! league's gu>antee 
t no colony f ! ,fa!rl& w be expos$ to !
 ev5tual risk ( com+ "u ! discretion>y  
tutelage ( ! ,g]man ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t 
& s fall+ into a relation ( /ep-*ildhood
 to ! ,imp]ial dyna/y4  ,z is well kn[n1
 & z has by way ( sup]flu\s commonplace 
be5 set =? by a sometime ,colonial      

,secret>y ( ! ,empire1 ! decisive reason
 = !re be+ no ,g]man colonies 9 exi/5ce 
is ! consi/5tly impossible colonial     
policy ( ! ,g]man gov]nm5t1 look+ to !  
usufruct ( ! colonies by ! gov]nm5t1 & !
 fe> ( fur!r arbitr>y control & nepotic 
discrim9ation at ! pleasure ( !         
self-seek+ dyna/ic e/abli%m5t4 ,x is    
only "u ,imp]ial rule t no ,g]man       
colony1 9 ?is mod]n s5se ( ! t]m1 is    
possible2 & only because ,imp]ial rule  
does n admit ( a free community be+ =m$ 
by coloni/s f ! ,fa!rl&2 or ( an        
o/5sibly free community ( t k9d ev]     
feel+ secure f unsolicit$ int]f]5ce )   
its affairs4  ,! ne>e/ approa* to a     
,g]man ,colony1 z contra/$ ) a ,colonial
 ,possession1 hi!rto h be5 ! v          
consid]able1 numb] ( escap$ ,g]man      
subjects :o h settl$ 9 ,engli%-speak+ or
 ,lat9-speak+ c\ntries1 p>ticul>ly 9    
,nor? & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,& consid]+ t !   
*ief common trait among !m is _!        
successful evasion ( ! ,imp]ial         
gov]nm5t's heavy h&1 !y %[ an admirable 

filial piety t[>d ! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t2
 ?\gh tr\bl$ ) no slighte/ regret at    
hav+ escap$ f ! ,imp]ial surveillance & 
no slighte/ incl9ation to return to !   
%elt] ( ! ,imp]ial tutelage4 ,a         
colloquialism--hyph5ate--has latt]ly    
gr[n up to meet ! ne$ ( a t]m to        
designate ^! evasive & yet patriotic    
coloni/s4 ,x is sc>cely mislead+ to say 
t ! ,g]man-,am]ican hyph5ate1 e4g41 9 s 
f> z he runs true to =m1 is /ill a      
,g]man subject ) 8 he>t1 b he is an     
,am]ican citiz5 ) 8 head4 ,all ( :i*    
goes to argue t if ! ,fa!rl& 7 to fall  
into su* a /ate ( democratic tol]ance t 
no recidivi/ ne$ c>ry a def5sive hyph5  
to %ield him f ! importunate att5tions (
 ! ,imp]ial gov]nm5t1 ,g]man colonies   
w\ld also come into be>+2 al?\gh1 x is  
true1 !y w\ld h no value to ! ,g]man    
gov]nm5t4  ,9 ! ,imp]ial colonial policy
 colonies are conceiv$ to /& to _!      
,imp]ial gu>dian or ma/] 9 a relation   
betwe5 t ( a /ep-*ild & t ( an ind5tur$ 
s]vant2 to be dealt ) summ>ily & at     

discretion & to be made use ( )\t       
scruple4 ,! l attitude t[>d colonies 0  
once famili> matt]-(-c\rse ) ! ,briti% &
 ,spani% /atesm54 ,! ,briti% f\nd ! plan
 unpr(itable1 & also unworkable1 & h    
giv5 x up4 ,! ,spani%1 hav+ no political
 outlook b ! dyna/ic "o1 c\ld ( c\rse n 
see _! way to rel9qui% ! only purpose ( 
_! colonial ent]prise1 except 9         
rel9qui%+ _! colonial possessions4 ,!   
,g]man 7,imp]ial7 colonial policy is & w
 be necess>ily aft] ! ,spani% patt]n1 & 
necess>ily1 too1 ) ! ,spani% results4   
,"u ! project$ neutral s*eme !re w\ld be
 no colonial policy1 & ( c\rse1 no      
inducem5t to ! acquisition ( colonies1  
s9ce !re w\ld be no pr(it to be d]iv$1  
or to be fanci$1 9 ! case4 ,b :ile no   
c\ntry1 z a commonweal?1 has any mat]ial
 int]e/ 9 ! acquisition or ma9t5ance (  
colonies1 x is o!rwise z reg>ds !       
dyna/ic int]e/s ( an ,imp]ial gov]nm5t2 
& x is also o!rwise1 at lea/ 9 ! belief 
( ! int]e/$ p>ties1 z reg>ds special    
bus9essm5 or bus9ess conc]ns :o are 9 a 

position to ga9 some?+ by help (        
national discrim9ation 9 _! favor4 ,z   
reg>ds ! pecuni>y int]e/s ( favor$      
bus9essm5 or bus9ess conc]ns1 & (       
inve/ors favor$ by national             
discrim9ation 9 colonial relations1 !   
case falls "u ! g5]al caption ( trade   
discrim9ation1 & does n diff] at all    
mat]ially f su* exp$i5ts z a protective 
t>iff1 a %ip subsidy1 or a b\nty on     
exports4 ,b z reg>ds ! w>like1 t is to  
say dyna/ic1 int]e/ ( an ,imp]ial       
gov]nm5t ! case /&s some:at diff]5t4    
,colonial ,possessions 9 su* a case     
yield no mat]ial b5efit to ! c\ntry at  
l>ge1 b _! possession is a s]viceable   
plea = w>like prep>ations ) :i* to reta9
 possession ( ! colonies 9 ! face (     
ev5tualities1 & x is also a s]viceable  
means ( /irr+ ! national pride & keep+  
alive a suitable _s ( patriotic         
animosity4 ,! mat]ial s]vice actually to
 be d]iv$ f su* possessions 9 ! ev5t (  
w> is a po9t 9 d\bt1 ) ! probabilities  
app>5tly runn+ aga9/ _! be+ ( any       

ev5tual net use4 ,b !re ne$ be no "q t  
su* possessions1 "u ! h& ( any national 
e/abli%m5t infect$ ) imp]ial ambitions1 
are a fruitful s\rce ( diplomatic       
complications1 excuses = armam5t1       
int]national grievances1 & ev5tual      
aggression4 ,a pacific league ( neutrals
 c evid5tly n tol]ate ! ret5tion (      
colonial possessions by any dyna/ic     
,/ate t may be drawn into ! league or "u
 its jurisdiction1 z1 e4g41 ! ,g]man    
,empire 9 case x %\ld be left on an     
,imp]ial foot+4 ,:]eas1 9 case ! ,g]man 
peoples are ?r[n back on a democratic   
/atus1 z neutralis$ commonweal?s )\t a  
cr[n or a milit>y e/abli%m5t1 ! "q ( _! 
colonial possessions evid5tly falls     
vacant4  ,z to ! neutralisation ( trade 
relations ap>t f ! "q ( colonies1 & z   
be>s on ! case ( ,g]many "u ! project$  
jurisdiction ( a pacific league (       
neutrals1 ! consid]ations to be tak5    
acc\nt ( are ( mu* ! same nature4 ,z x  
w\ld h to take effect1 e4g41 9 !        
abolition ( comm]cial & indu/rial       

discrim9ations betwe5 ,g]many & !       
pacific nations1 su* neutralisation w\ld
 d\btless conf] a la/+ mat]ial b5efit on
 ! ,g]man p at l>ge2 & x is n easy to   
detect any loss or detrim5t to be d]iv$ 
f su* a move s long z peace prevails4   
,protective1 t is to say discrim9at+1   
export1 import1 or excise duties1 h>bor 
& regi/ry dues1 subsidies1 tax          
exemptions & trade pref]5ces1 & all ! l 
devices ( int]f]5ce ) trade & indu/ry1  
are unavoidably a h9drance to ! mat]ial 
int]e/s ( any p on :om !y are impos$ or 
:o impose ^! disabilities on !mselves4  
,s t exemption f ^! ?+s by a            
compreh5sive neutralisation ( trade     
relations w\ld imm$iately b5efit all !  
nations conc]n$1 9 respect ( _! mat]ial 
well-be+ 9 times ( peace4 ,!re is no    
exception & no abatem5t to be tak5      
acc\nt ( "u ?is g5]al /atem5t1 z is well
 kn[n to all m5 :o are conv]sant ) ^!   
matt]s4  ,b x is o!rwise z reg>ds !     
dyna/ic int]e/ 9 ! case1 & z reg>ds any 
national int]e/ 9 w>like ent]prise4 ,x  

is d\btless true t all re/ra9t ( trade  
betwe5 nations1 & betwe5 classes or     
localities )9 ! national fronti]s1      
unavoidably acts to weak5 & impov]i% ! p
 on ^: economic activities ?is re/ra9t  
is laid2 & to ! ext5t to :i* ?is effect 
is _h x w also be true t ! c\ntry :i* s 
is h9d]$ 9 its "w w h a less aggregate (
 res\rces to place at ! disposal ( its  
ent]pris+ /atesm5 = imp]iali/ ends4 ,b  
^! re/ra9ts may yet be useful = dyna/ic1
 t is to say w>like1 ends by mak+ !     
c\ntry m ne>ly a self-conta9$ economic  
:ole4 ,a c\ntry becomes a self-conta9$  
economic :ole by mutilation1 9 cutt+    
itself (f f ! indu/rial sy/em 9 :i*     
indu/rially x belongs1 b 9 :i* x is     
unwill+ nationally to hold its place4   
,national fronti]s are indu/rial b>ri]s4
 ,b z a result ( su* mutilation ( its   
indu/rial life su* a c\ntry is bett]    
able--x has be5 believ$--to be> ! %ock (
 sev]+ its int]national trade relations 
entirely1 z is likely to happ5 9 case ( 
w>4  ,9 a l>ge c\ntry1 su* z ,am]ica or 

,russia1 :i* comprises )9 its national  
b\nd>ies v ext5sive & v v>i$ res\rces & 
a widely di/ribut$ & div]sifi$          
population1 ! mis*ief suff]$ f re/ra9ts 
( trade t h9d] indu/rial relations ) !  
_w at l>ge w ( c\rse be proportionately 
less5$4 ,su* a c\ntry comes ne>] be+ a  
m9iature indu/rial _w2 al?\gh none ( !  
civilis$ nations1 l>ge or small1 c c>ry 
on its ord9>y indu/rial activities & its
 ord9>y mann] ( life )\t draw+ on =eign 
p>ts to "s appreciable ext5t4 ,b a      
c\ntry ( small t]ritorial ext5t & (     
some:at n>r[ly re/rict$ natural         
res\rces1 z1 e4g41 ,g]many or ,france1 c
 ev5 by ! mo/ dra/ic measures ( re/ra9t 
& mutilation a*ieve only a v m$iocre    
degree ( indu/rial isolation &          
self-suffici5cy1--z has1 e4g41 appe>$ 9 
! pres5t w>4 ,b 9 all cases1 ?\gh 9 v>y+
 measure1 ! mitigat$ isolation s en=c$  
by ^! re/ra9ts on trade w 9 _! degree   
impair ! c\ntry's indu/rial effici5cy & 
l[] ! p's mat]ial well-be+2 yet1 if !   
re/rictions are %rewdly appli$ ?is      

p>tial isolation & p>tial               
self-suffici5cy w g "s way t[>d prep>+ !
 nation = ! m ?or\gh isolation t foll[s 
on ! outbreak ( ho/ilities4  ,! pres5t  
plight ( ! ,g]man p "u w> conditions may
 s]ve to %[ h[ ne>ly t end may be       
atta9$1 & yet h[ inadequate ev5 ! mo/   
unres]v$ measures ( indu/rial isolation 
mu/ be 9 face ( ! fact t ! mod]n /ate ( 
! indu/rial arts necess>ily draws on !  
collective res\rces ( ! _w at l>ge4 ,x  
may well be d\bt$1 on an imp>tial view1 
if ! mutilation ( ! c\ntry's indu/rial  
sy/em by su* measures ( isolation does n
 aft] all r weak5 ! nation ev5 = w>like 
ends2 b !n1 ! discretion>y au?orities 9 
! dyna/ic ,/ates are always1 & x may be 
presum$ necess>ily1 hamp]$ ) obsolete   
!ories h&$ d[n f t cam]ali/ic age1 :5 ! 
little pr9ces ( ! ,fa!rl& 7 mak+ dyna/ic
 hi/ory4 ,s1 e4g41 ! curr5t1 n9ete5? &  
tw5tie? c5tury1 economic policy ( !     
,prussian-,imp]ial /atesm5 is /ill drawn
 on l9es )9 :i* ,fr$]ick ,,ii1 call$ !  
,great1 w\ld h felt well at home4  ,l   

o!r prep>ation = ho/ilities ?is r$uction
 ( ! c\ntry to ! /atus ( a self-conta9$ 
economic organisation is co/ly1 b l o!r 
prep>ation = ho/ilities x also puts !   
nation 9 a position ( great] read9ess to
 break (f fri5dly relations ) its       
neighbors4 ,x is a w> measure1 commonly 
spok5 = by its advocates z a measure (  
self-def5se2 b :atev] ! m]its ( !       
self-def5d]s' cont5tion1 ?is measure is 
a w> measure4 ,z su* x c reasonably     
claim no he>+ 9 ! c\nsels ( a pacific   
league ( neutrals1 ^: purpose x is to   
make w> impracticable4 ,p>ticul>ly c !re
 be no reasonable "q ( admitt+ a policy 
( trade discrim9ation & isolation on !  
"p ( a nation :i* has1 = purposes (     
w>like aggression1 pursu$ su* a policy 9
 ! pa/1 & :i* x is ! imm$iate purpose ( 
! league to b9d ov] to keep ! peace4    
,!re has be5 a volume ( loose talk sp5t 
on ! ju/ice & exp$i5cy ( boycott+ !     
trade ( ! peoples ( ! ,empire aft] !    
return ( peace1 z a p5alty & z a        
prev5tive measure design$ to ret>d _!   

recov]y ( /r5g? ) :i* to ent] on a fur!r
 w>like ent]prise4 ,su* a measure w\ld  
necess>ily be some:at futile2 s9ce      
,bus9ess is bus9ess1 aft] all1 & !      
practical limitations impos$ on an      
unpr(itable boycott by ! moral necessity
 to buy *eap & sell de> t re/s on all   
bus9essm5 w\ld surreptiti\sly mitigate x
 to ! po9t ( negligibility4 ,x is       
inconceivable--or x w\ld be             
inconceivable 9 ! abs5ce ( imbecile     
politicians & self-seek+ bus9essm5--t   
measures look+ to ! trade isolation (   
any "o ( ^! c\ntries c\ld be ent]ta9$ z 
a po9t ( policy to be pursu$ by a league
 ( neutrals4 ,& x is only 9 s f> z      
patriotic jeal\sy & v9dictive s5tim5ts  
are all[$ to displace ! aspiration =    
peace & security1 t su* measures c claim
 consid]ation4 ,consid]$ z a p5alty to  
be impos$ on ! err+ nations :o set ?is  
w>like adv5ture afoot1 x %\ld be        
suffici5tly pla9 t su* a measure z a    
trade boycott c\ld n t\* ! *ief (f5d]s1 
or ev5 _! responsible abettors4 ,x w\ld1

 r1 play into ! h&s ( ! milit>i/ int]e/s
 by keep+ alive ! _s ( national jeal\sy 
& int]national hatr$1 out ( :i* w>s     
arise & )\t :i* w>like ent]prise might  
hopefully be expect$ to disappe> out ( !
 s*eme ( human int]c\rse4 ,! puni%m5t   
w\ld fall1 z all economic burd5s &      
disabilities mu/ always fall1 on !      
common man1 ! und]ly+ population4  ,!   
*ief relation ( ?is common run1 ?is     
und]ly+ population ( ,g]man subjects1 to
 ! inception & pursuit ( ?is ,imp]ial   
w>like ent]prise1 is compris$ 9 ! fact t
 !y are an und]ly+ population (         
subjects1 held 9 usufruct by ! ,imp]ial 
e/abli%m5t & employ$ at w4 ,x is true1  
!y h l5t !mselves unres]v$ly to ! uses =
 :i* ! dyna/y has use = !m1 & !y h ent]$
 en?usia/ically into ! w>like adv5ture  
set afoot by ! dyna/ic /atesm52 b t !y h
 done s is _! mis=tune r ?an _! fault4  
,by use & wont & indoctr9ation !y h =   
long be5 unremitt+ly1 & helplessly1     
discipl9$ into a _s ( dyna/ic loyalty1  
national animosity & s]vile abnegation2 

until x w\ld be no?+ bett] ?an a pa!tic 
inv]sion ( all ! equities ( ! case to   
visit ! transgressions ( _! ma/]s ^u !  
common run2 ^: fault lies1 aft] all1 9  
_! be+ an und]ly+ population ( subjects1
 :o h n _h a *ance to rea* t spiritual  
level on :i* !y c\ld prop]ly be held    
acc\ntable = ! uses to :i* !y are turn$4
 ,x is true1 m5 are ord9>ily puni%$ = _!
 mis=tunes2 b ! w>like ent]prise ( !    
,imp]ial dyna/y has already br\ght :at  
might fairly be rat$ z a good measure ( 
puni%m5t on ?is und]ly+ populace1 ^:    
*ief fault & *ief mis=tune lies 9 an    
habitual s]vile abnegation ( ^? traits (
 initiative & discretion 9 man t        
con/itute him an ag5t susceptible (     
responsibility or retribution4  ,x w\ld 
be all ! m ( a pa!tic mock]y to visit ! 
transgressions ( _! ma/]s on ^! victims 
( circum/ance & dyna/ic m5dacity1 s9ce !
 conv5tionalities ( int]national equity 
w sc>cely p]mit ! high responsible      
p>ties 9 ! case to be *a/is$ ) any      
p5alty h>%] ?an a well-mann]$ figure (  

spee*4 ,to s]ve z a det]r5t1 ! p5alty   
mu/ /rike ! po9t :]e ve/s ! discretion2 
b s]vile use & wont is /ill too well    
intact 9 ^! premises to let any p5alty  
t\* ! guilty core ( a pr(ligate dyna/y4 
,"u ! we> & te> ( cont9u$ w> & its      
incid5t cont9u$ vulg>isation ( !        
directorate & responsible /aff among !  
pacific allies1 ! conv5tional respect ( 
p]sons is likely to suff] appreciable   
dilapidation2 b !re ne$ be no           
appreh5sion ( su* a loss ( dec5t respect
 = p]sonages z w\ld compromise !        
creature com=ts ( t high syndicate (    
p]sonages on ^: initiative ! ,fa!rl&    
ent]$ ^u ?is ent]prise 9 dom9ion4       
,bygone %ortcom+s & transgressions c h  
no reasonable place 9 ! arrangem5ts by  
:i* a pacific league ( neutrals designs 
to keep ! peace4 ,nei!r c bygone        
pr]ogatives & prec$5ts ( magnific5ce & (
 ma/]y1 except 9 s f> z !y unavoidably  
mu/ come into play ?r\gh ! inability (  
m5 to dive/ !mselves ( _! +ra9$         
preconceptions1 by virtue ( :i* a       

,hoh5zoll]n or a ,hapsburg] is some?+ m 
=midable & m to be consid]$ ?an a       
recruit+ s]geant or a purveyor ( light  
lit]ature4 ,! league c d its "w (       
pacification only by elaborately =gett+ 
diff]5ces & discrepancies ( ! k9d t give
 rise to int]national grievances4 ,:i*  
is ! same z say+ t ! neutralisation (   
national discrim9ations & pret5sions w h
 to g all ! way1 if x is to s]ve4 ,b ?is
 implies1 z broadly z ne$ be1 t !       
pacific nations :o make ! league &      
provisionally adm9i/] its articles (    
agreem5t & jurisdiction1 c n exempt     
!mselves f any ( ! level+ measures (    
neutralisation to :i* ! dyna/ic suspects
 among !m are to be subject4 ,x w\ld    
mean a rel9qui%m5t ( all ^? undemocratic
 in/itutional survivals out ( :i*       
int]national grievances are wont to     
arise4 ,z a c]ta9 ,dani% adage w\ld h x1
 ! neutrals ( ! league mu/ all be %orn  
ov] ! same comb4         99       99    
99       99       99  ,:at is to be %orn
 ov] ?is "o comb ( neutralisation &     

democracy is all ^? :o g into ! pacific 
league ( neutrals & all :o come "u its  
jurisdiction1 :e!r ( _! own *oice or by 
! necessities ( ! case4 ,x is ( !       
sub/ance ( ! case t ^? peoples :o h be5 
employ$ 9 ! campaigns ( !               
,g]man-,imp]ial coalition are to come 9 
on t]ms ( imp>tial equality ) ^? :o h   
held ! gr\nd aga9/ !m2 to come "u !     
jurisdiction1 & prospectively into !    
cop>tn]y1 ( ! league ( neutrals--all on 
! presumption t ! ,imp]ial coalition w  
be br\ght to make peace on t]ms (       
unconditional surr5d]4  ,let x n seem   
presumptu\s to v5ture on a recital (    
summ>y specifications int5d$ to indicate
 ! nature ( ^? concrete measures :i*    
w\ld logically be compris$ 9 a s*eme (  
pacification c>ri$ out ) su* a view to  
imp>tial equality among ! peoples :o are
 to make up ! project$ league4 ,!re is a
 significant turn ( expression t recurs 
habitually 9 ! =mulation ( t]ms put =?  
by ! spokesm5 ( ! ,ent5te bellig]5ts1   
:]e x is insi/$ t ho/ilities are c>ri$  

on n aga9/ ! ,g]man p or ! o!r peoples  
associat$ ) !m1 b only aga9/ ! ,imp]ial 
e/abli%m5ts & _! culpable aids &        
abettors 9 ! ent]prise4 ,s x is fur!r   
insi/$ t !re is no int5tion to br+ pa9s 
& p5alties on ^! peoples1 :o s h be5    
made use ( by _! ma/]s1 b only on !     
culpable ma/] class ^: tools ^! peoples 
h be54 ,& lat]1 j n[ 7,janu>y #aiag71 & 
f a responsible & dis9t]e/$ spokesman = 
! pacific league1 !re comes ! decl>ation
 t a la/+ peace at ! h&s ( su* a league 
c be gr\nd$ only 9 a pres5t peace )\t   
victory4  ,! mutual congruity ( ^! two  
decl>ations ne$ n imply collusion1 b !y 
are none ! less complem5t>y propositions
 & !y are none ! less indicative ( a    
common tr5d ( convictions among ! m5 :o 
are be/ able to speak = ^? pacific      
nations t are look$ to z ! ma9/ay ( !   
prospective league4 ,!y bo? conv]ge to !
 po9t t ! objective to be a*iev$ is n   
victory = ! ,ent5te bellig]5ts b defeat 
= ! ,g]man-,imp]ial coalition2 t !      
peoples und]ly+ ! defeat$ gov]nm5ts are 

n to be dealt ) z vanqui%$ enemies b z  
fell[s 9 undes]v$ mis=tune br\ght on by 
_! culpable ma/]s2 & t no advantage is  
design$ to be tak5 ( ^! peoples1 & no   
gratuit\s h>d%ip to be impos$ on !m4 ,_!
 ma/]s are evid5tly to be put away1 n z 
defeat$ antagoni/s b z a public nuisance
 to be provid$ aga9/ z may seem exp$i5t 
= ! peace & security ( ^? nations :om !y
 h be5 mole/+4  ,tak+ ?is position z    
outl9$1 x %\ld n be extremely difficult 
to =eca/ ! g5]al l9e ( proc$ure :i* x   
w\ld logically dem&1--b>r+ irrelevant   
reg>d = prec$5ts & ov]heat$ res5tm5t1 & 
provid$ t ! mak]s ( ^! peace t]ms h a   
free h& & g to _! "w ) an eye s+le to ! 
e/abli%m5t ( an endur+ peace4 ,! case ( 
,g]many w\ld be typical ( all ! re/2 & !
 ma9 items ( ! bill 9 ?is case w\ld seem
 logically to run some:at z foll[s3     
7#a7 ,! def9itive elim9ation ( !        
,imp]ial e/abli%m5t1 toge!r ) !         
mon>*ical e/abli%m5ts ( ! sev]al /ates (
 ! ,empire & ! privileg$ classes2  7#b7 
,removal or de/ruction ( all w>like     

equipm5t1 milit>y & naval1 def5sive &   
(f5sive2  7#c7 ,cancelm5t ( ! public    
debt1 ( ! ,empire & ( its               
memb]s--cr$itors ( ! ,empire be+ acc\nt$
 accessory to ! culpable ent]prise ( !  
,imp]ial gov]nm5t2  7#d7 ,confiscation (
 su* indu/rial equipm5t & res\rces z h  
contribut$ to ! c>ry+ on ( ! w>1 z be+  
also accessory2  7#e7 ,assumption by !  
league at l>ge ( all debts incurr$1 by !
 ,ent5te bellig]5ts or by neutrals1 = ! 
prosecution or by reason ( ! w>1 &      
di/ribution ( ! obligation s assum$1    
imp>tially among ! memb]s ( ! league1   
includ+ ! peoples ( ! defeat$ nations2  
7#f7 ,indemnification = all injury done 
to civilians 9 ! invad$ t]ritories2 !   
means = su* indemnification to be       
procur$ by confiscation ( all e/ates 9 !
 defeat$ c\ntries exce$+ a c]ta9 v mode/
 maximum1 calculat$ on ! av]age (       
prop]ty own$1 say1 by ! poor] ?ree-f\r?s
 ( ! population1--! kept classes be+    
prop]ly acc\nt$ accessory to ! ,empire's
 culpable ent]prise4  ,! proposition to 

let ! w> debt be %>$ by all memb]s ( !  
league on a foot+ ( imp>tial equality   
may seem novel1 & p]haps extravagant4 ,b
 all projects put =? = safegu>d+ ! _w's 
peace by a compact among ! pacific      
nations run on ! pat5t1 ?\gh (t5 tacit1 
av[al t ! ,ent5te bellig]5ts are sp5d+  
_! sub/ance & pl$g+ _! cr$it = ! common 
cause4 ,among ! ,am]icans1 ! *ief ( !   
neutral nations1 ?is is com+ to be      
recognis$ m & m ov]tly4 ,s t1 9 ?is     
in/ance at lea/1 no insurm\ntable       
reluctance to take ov] _! due %>e ( !   
common burd5 %\ld fairly be look$ =1    
p>ticul>ly :5 x appe>s t ! project$     
league1 if x is organis$ on a foot+ (   
neutrality1 w relieve ! republic (      
virtually all outlay = _! own def5se4   
,( c\rse1 !re is1 9 all ?is1 no tem]>i\s
 int5tion to (f] advice z to :at %\ld be
 done by ^? :o h x to d1 or ev5 to sket*
 ! necess>y c\rse :i* ev5ts are b\nd to 
take4 ,z has be5 rem>k$ 9 ano!r passage1
 t w\ld h to be a "w ( prophesy or (    
effront]y1 bo? ( :i*1 x is hop$1 lie    

equally beyond ! horizon ( ?is inquiry2 
:i* is occupi$ ) ! "q ( :at conditions w
 logically h to be met 9 ord] to an     
endur+ peace1 n :at w be ! nature &     
outcome ( negotiations ent]$ into by    
a/ute delegates pursu+ ! special        
advantage1 ea* ( 8 own nation4 ,& yet ! 
p]emptory ne$ ( rea*+ "s practicable    
arrangem5t :]eby ! peace may be kept1   
goes to say t ev5 ! mo/ a/ute           
negotiations w 9 "s degree be controll$ 
by t ne$1 & may reasonably be expect$ to
 make "s approa* to ! simple & obvi\s   
requirem5ts ( ! situation4         99   
99       99       99       99  ,!re=e ! 
argum5t returns to ! ,unit$ ,k+dom & !  
probable limit ( tol]ance ( t p1 9      
respect ( :at !y are likely to insi/ on 
z a necess>y measure ( democratisation 9
 ! nations ( ! second "p1 & :at measure 
( national abnegation !y are likely to  
accommodate !mselves to4 ,! ,unit$      
,k+dom is indisp5sable to ! =mation ( a 
pacific league ( neutrals4 ,& ! ,briti% 
t]ms ( adhesion1 or r ( initiation ( su*

 a league1 !re=e1 w h to con/itute !    
core ( ! /ructure1 on :i* details may be
 adju/$ & to :i* concessive adju/m5ts w 
h to be made by all ! re/4 ,?is is n    
say+ t ! project$ league mu/ or w be    
dom9at$ by ! ,unit$ ,k+dom or adm9i/]$ 9
 ! ,briti% int]e/4 ,inde$1 x c n well be
 made to s]ve ,briti% p>ticul> int]e/s 9
 any appreciable degree1 except at ! co/
 ( defeat to its ma9 purpose2 s9ce !    
purposes ( an endur+ peace c be s]v$    
only by an effectual neutralisation (   
national claims & int]e/s4 ,b x w\ld    
mean t ! neutralisation ( national      
int]e/s & discrim9ations to be effect$  
w\ld h to be drawn on l9es acceptable to
 ,briti% ta/e 9 ^! matt]s1 & w\ld h to g
 approximately s f> z w\ld be dictat$ by
 ! ,briti% notions ( :at is exp$i5t1 & n
 mu* f>!r4 ,! pacific league ( neutrals 
w\ld h mu* ( a ,briti% air1 b ,briti% 9 
?is connection is to be tak5 z connot+ !
 ,engli%-speak+ c\ntries r ?an z apply+ 
to ! ,unit$ ,k+dom alone2 s9ce !        
entrance ( ! ,briti% into ! league w\ld 

involve ! entrance ( ! ,briti% colonies1
 &1 inde$1 ( ! ,am]ican republic z well4
  ,! temp] & outlook ( ?is ,briti%      
community1 !re=e1 becomes a matt] (     
p>am\nt importance 9 any attempt$       
analysis ( ! situation result+ aft] !   
w>1 or ( any prospective c\rse ( conduct
 to be ent]$ on by ! pacific nations4 ,&
 ! "q t\*es n s mu* ! temp] &           
preconceptions ( ! ,briti% community z  
kn[n 9 rec5t hi/ory1 b r z x is likely  
to be modifi$ by ! w> exp]i5ce4 ,s t !  
practicability ( a neutral league comes 
to turn1 9 great measure1 on ! effect   
:i* ?is w> exp]i5ce is hav+ on ! habits 
( ?\ght ( ! ,briti% p1 or on t section (
 ! ,briti% population :i* w make up !   
effectual majority :5 ! w> closes4 ,!   
grave int]e/ t atta*es to ?is "q mu/    
s]ve z ju/ification = pursu+ x f>!r1 ev5
 ?\gh !re c be no promise ( a def9ite or
 confid5t answ] to be f\nd be=eh&4      
,c]ta9 g5]al ass]tions may be made ) "s 
confid5ce4 ,! exp]i5ces ( ! w>1         
p>ticul>ly among ! imm$iate p>ticipants 

& among _! imm$iate dome/ic             
connections--a l>ge & increas+          
proportion ( ! p at l>ge--are pla9ly    
impress+ on !m ! uselessness & h>d%ip ( 
su* a w>4 ,!re c be no "q b !y are rea*+
 a conviction t a w> ( ?is mod]n k9d &  
scale is a ?+ to be avoid$ if possible4 
,!y are1 no d\bt1 will+ to g to v       
consid]able l5g?s to make a repetition (
 x impossible1 & !y may reasonably be   
expect$ to g f>!r along t l9e be=e peace
 returns4 ,b ! l5g?s to :i* !y are ready
 to g may be 9 ! way ( concessions1 or 9
 ! way ( conte/ & compulsion4 ,!re ne$  
be no d\bt b a pr(\nd & v9dictive       
res5tm5t runs ?r\gh ! ,briti% community1
 & !re is no reason to appreh5d t ?is w 
be dissipat$ 9 ! c\rse ( fur!r          
ho/ilities2 al?\gh x %\ld fairly be     
expect$ to lose some?+ ( its e>li]      
exub]ant malevol5ce & indiscrim9ation1 m
 p>ticul>ly if ho/ilities cont9ue = "s  
"t4 ,x is n too mu* to expect1 t ?is    
popul> temp] ( res5tm5t w dem& some?+ v 
tangible 9 ! way ( summ>y v5geance on ^?

 :o h br\ght ! h>d%ips ( w> ^u ! nation4
  ,! mann] ( retribution :i* w\ld meet !
 popul> dem& = ju/ice to be done on !   
enemy is likely to be affect$ by !      
=tunes ( w>1 z also ! incid5ce ( x4     
,%\ld ! gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5t & !       
discretion /ill ve/ 9 ! g5tlemanly      
classes at ! close ( ho/ilities1 !      
retribution is likely to take ! accu/om$
 g5tlemanly %ape ( pecuni>y burd5s      
impos$ on ! p ( ! defeat$ c\ntry1 toge!r
 ) diplomatically specifi$ surr5d] (    
t]ritorial & colonial possessions1 & !  
l2 su* z to leave ! de facto enemy      
c\rte\sly on "o side1 & to yield some?+ 
9 ! way ( pecuni>y b5efit to !          
g5tlem5-inve/ors 9 *>ge1 & some?+ m 9 ! 
way ( new emolum5ts ( (fice to !        
(fice-hold+ class includ$ 9 ! same ord] 
( g5tlem54 ,! retribution 9 ! case w\ld 
manife/ly fall on ! und]ly+ population 9
 ! defeat$ c\ntry1 )\t s]i\sly t\*+ !   
responsible p>ties1 & w\ld leave !      
defeat$ nation ) a new grievance to     
n\ri% its patriotic animosity & ) a new 

inc5tive to a policy ( wat*ful wait+ = a
 *ance ( retaliation4  ,b x is to be    
not$ t "u ! /ress ( ! w> !re is go+ =w>d
 9 ! ,briti% community a progressive    
displacem5t ( g5tlemanly /&>ds & (ficial
 proc$ure by /&>ds & proc$ure ( a       
visibly und]br$ "*1 a weak5+ ( ! hold ( 
! g5tlemanly classes on ! control (     
affairs & a weak5+ ( ! hold :i* ! sacr$ 
rights ( prop]ty1 inve/m5t & privilege h
 long _h ov] ! imag9ation ( ! ,briti% p4
 ,%\ld ho/ilities cont9ue1 & %\ld !     
exig5cies ( ! w> situation cont9ue to   
keep ! futility ( ^! sacr$ rights1 z    
well z ! fatuity ( _! possessors1 9 !   
public eye1 aft] ! same fa%ion z hi!rto1
 x w\ld n be altoge!r unreasonable to   
expect t ! discretion w\ld pass into !  
h&s ( ! und]br$1 or into ! h&s ( m5     
imm$iately & urg5tly acc\ntable to !    
und]br$4 ,9 su* a case1 & ) a con/antly 
gr[+ popul> realisation t ! directorate 
& responsible enemy 9 ! w> is ! ,imp]ial
 dyna/y & its p$igre$ aids & abettors1 x
 is conceivable t ! popul> res5tm5t w\ld

 conv]ge s effectually on ^! responsible
 in/igators & directors ( mis=tune z to 
br+ ! incid5ce ( ! requir$ retribution  
effectually to be> on !m4 ,! outcome    
might1 n inconceivably1 be ! virtual    
erasure ( ! ,imp]ial dyna/y1 toge!r ) ! 
p$igre$-class rule on :i* x re/s & !    
app>atus ( irresponsible co]cion ?r\gh  
:i* x works1 9 ! ,fa!rl& & 9 its        
subsidi>ies & dep5d5cies4  ,) a         
suffici5tly urg5t realisation ( _! ne$ (
 peace & security1 & ) a realisation    
also t ! way to avoid w> is to avoid !  
ways & means ( int]national jeal\sy & ( 
! national discrim9ations out ( :i*     
int]national jeal\sy gr[s1 x is         
conceivable t a gov]nm5t :i* %\ld       
reflect ! ,briti% temp] & ! ,briti%     
hopes might g s f> 9 insi/+ on a        
neutralisation ( ! peoples ( ! ,fa!rl& z
 w\ld leave !m )\t ! dyna/ic app>atus ) 
:i* w>like ent]prise is set afoot1 & s  
leave !m also p]=ce 9 a pacific frame ( 
m9d4 ,9 "t1 9 ! abs5ce ( _! de>ly belov$
 leav+s ( feudalism1 an en=c$ reliance  

on _! own discretion & initiative1 & an 
en=c$ respite f ! rant & prance ( w>like
 swagg]1 w\ld reasonably be expect$ to  
gr[ into a popul> habit4 ,! ,g]man p are
 by no means less capable ( tol]ance &  
neighb\rly decorum ?an _! ,briti% or    
,sc&9avian neighb\rs ( ! same blood1--if
 !y c only be left to _! own devices1   
untr\bl$ by ! maggoty conceit ( national
 dom9ation4  ,!re is no int5tion h]e) to
 express an expectation t ?is out-&-out 
neutralisation ( ! ,fa!rl&'s            
int]national relations & ( its dyna/ic  
gov]nm5t w come to pass on ! return (   
peace1 or t ! ,g]man p w1 z a precaution
 aga9/ recurr5t ,imp]ial rabies1 be     
organis$ on a democratic patt]n by      
con/ra9t ( ! pacific nations ( ! league4
 ,! po9t is only t ?is measure (        
neutralisation appe>s to be ! necess>y  
condition1 9 ! abs5ce ( :i* no su*      
neutral league c succe$1 & t s long z ! 
w> goes on !re is some?+ ( a *ance t !  
,briti% community may 9 "t rea* a frame 
( m9d comb9+ su* settl$ det]m9ation to  

safegu>d ! peace at all co/s1 ) su* a   
degree ( disreg>d = outworn conv5tions1 
t _! spokesm5 9 ! negotiations may pu% !
 neutralisation ( ^! peoples to t l5g?4 
,! a*ievem5t ( su* an outcome w\ld      
evid5tly take "t z well z h>% exp]i5ce1 
m "t & h>%] exp]i5ce1 p]haps1 ?an "o    
likes to contemplate4  ,mo/ m51 !re=e1  
w\ld sc>cely rate ! *ance ( su* an      
outcome at all high4 ,& yet x is to be  
call$ to m9d t ! w> has la/$ long & !   
effect ( its dem&s & its exp]i5ce has   
already gone f>1 & t ! long] x la/s !   
great] are ! *ances ( its prolongation &
 ( its cont9u$ h>d%ips1 at lea/ to !    
ext5t t ) e mon? ( w> t passes !        
prospect ( ! alli$ nations mak+ peace on
 any t]ms %ort ( unconditional surr5d]  
gr[s less4 ,& unconditional surr5d] is !
 fir/ /ep 9 ! direction ( an            
unconditional dispossession ( ! ,imp]ial
 e/abli%m5t & its w> prophets1--dep5d+  
prim>ily on ! /ate ( m9d ( ! ,briti% p  
at ! "t4 ,& h[ev] unlikely1 x is also   
always possible1 z "s cont5d1 t 9 !     

c\rse ( fur!r w> exp]i5ce ! common man 9
 ! ,fa!rl& may come to reflect on ! use 
& value ( ! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t1 ) !    
result ( disc>d+ & dis[n+ x & all its   
works4 ,su* an expectation w\ld d\btless
 und]rate ! =ce ( anci5t habit1 & w\ld  
also involve a misappreh5sion ( !       
psy*ological incid5ce ( a w>like        
exp]i5ce4 ,! ,g]man p h sub/antially    
none ( ^? preconceptions ( indep5d5ce & 
self-direction to g on1 9 ! abs5ce ( :i*
 an effectual revulsion aga9/ dyna/ic   
rule c n come to pass4  ,emb$d$ 9 !     
common s5se ( ! ,briti% population at   
l>ge is a c]ta9 l>ge & some:at sull5    
s5se ( fair deal+4 ,9 ?is !y are n      
greatly diff]5t f _! neighb\rs1 if at   
all1 except t ! body ( common s5se 9 :i*
 ?is ,briti% s5se ( fair deal+ lies     
emb$d$ is a matur] fa%ion ( common s5se 
?an t :i* s]ves to guide ! workday life 
( _m ( _! neighb\rs4 ,& ! maturity 9 "q 
appe>s to be *iefly a matt] ( _! hav+   
unle>n$1 dive/$ !mselves (1 or be5 by   
=ce ( disuse dive/$ (1 an exceptionally 

l>ge proportion ( t burd5 ( unt[>d      
conceits :i* we/]n ,europe1 & m         
p>ticul>ly middle ,europe1 at l>ge has  
c>ri$ ov] f ! ,middle ,ages4 ,!y h _h "t
 & occasion to =get m ( :at ! exig5cies 
( mod]n life make x exp$i5t to h =gott54
 ,& yet !y are reput$ sl[1 cons]vative4 
,b !y h be5 well plac$ = los+ mu* ( :at 
w\ld be well lo/4  ,among o!r ?+s1 _!   
preconception ( national animosity is n 
secure1 9 ! abs5ce ( provocation4 ,!y   
are n[ aga9 9 a position to le>n to d   
)\t "s ( ! useless legacy out ( !       
pa/1--useless1 t is1 = life z x runs    
today1 h[ev] x may be rat$ 9 ! sett+ 9  
:i* x 0 all plac$ 9 t pa/ out ( :i* x   
has come4 ,& ! "q is :e!r n[1 "u !      
pressure ( exig5cies t make = a         
dise/abli%m5t ( mu* cumb]some inh]it$   
app>atus = do+ :at ne$ n be done1 !y w  
be rul$ by _! s5se ( exp$i5cy & ( fair  
deal+ to ! ext5t ( cancell+ out ( _! own
 s*eme ( life s mu* ( ?is legacy (      
conv5tional preconceptions z has n[ come
 visibly to h9d] _! own mat]ial         

well-be+1 & at ! same "t to defeat t    
peace & security = :i* !y h %[n !mselves
 will+ to fight4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 a      
simpl] matt] to fight ?an x is to put   
away a preconceiv$1 ev5 if x is a       
bootless1 sup]/ition2 z1 e4g41 ! pre/ige
 ( h]$it>y weal?1 h]$it>y g5tility1     
national va+lory1 & p]haps especially   
national hatr$4 ,b if ! s*ool is h>d    
en\gh & ! discipl9e protract$ en\gh !re 
is no reason 9 ! nature ( ?+s :y !      
common run ( ! ,briti% p %\ld n unle>n  
^! futilities t once 7 ! sub/ance ( ?+s 
"u an old] & outworn ord]4 ,!y h already
 %[n _! capacity = dive/+ !mselves (    
outworn in/itutional bonds1 9 disc>d+ ! 
ma9 sub/ance ( dyna/ic rule2 & :5 !y n[ 
come to face ! exig5cies ( ?is new      
situation x %\ld cause no great surprise
 if !y are able to see _! way to d :at  
fur!r is necess>y to meet ^! exig5cies4 
99       99       99       99       99  
,at ! h&s ( ?is ,briti% commonweal? !   
new situation requires ! putt+ away ( ! 
,g]man ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t & ! milit>y  

ca/e2 ! r$uction ( ! ,g]man peoples to a
 foot+ ( unres]v$ democracy ) suffici5t 
gu>antees aga9/ national trade          
discrim9ations2 surr5d] ( all ,briti%   
tutelage ov] outly+ possessions1 except 
:at may g to gu>antee _! local autonomy2
 cancelm5t ( all extra-t]ritorial       
pret5sions ( ! sev]al nations ent]+ into
 ! league2 neutralisation ( ! sev]al    
national e/abli%m5ts1 to comprise       
virtual dis>mam5t1 z well z cancelm5t ( 
all re/rictions on trade & ( all        
national def5se ( extra-t]ritorial      
pecuni>y claims & int]e/s on ! "p (     
individual citiz5s4 ,! naval control ( !
 seas w be/ be left 9 ,briti% h&s4 ,no p
 has a grav] or m imm$iate int]e/ 9 !   
fre$om & security ( ! sea-borne trade2 &
 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom has %[n t x is to be   
tru/$ 9 t matt]4 ,& !n x may well be t  
nei!r ! national pride nor !            
appreh5sions ( ! ,briti% p w\ld all[ !m 
to surr5d] x2 :]eas1 if ! league is to  
be =m$ x w h to be on t]ms to :i* !     
,briti% p are will+ to adh]e4 ,a c]ta9  

provision ( arm$ =ce w also be ne$$ to  
keep ! gov]nm5ts ( unneutral nations 9  
*eck1--& = ! purpose 9 h& all           
effectively mon>*ical c\ntries are to be
 c\nt$ z cong5itally unneutral1 :atev]  
_! =mal pr(essions & :e!r !y are memb]s 
( ! league or n4 ,"h aga9 x w probably  
appe> t ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom1 & ( !    
,engli%-speak+ c\ntries at l>ge1 w n    
cons5t to ?is arm$ =ce & its            
discretion>y use pass+ out ( ,briti%    
h&s1 or r out ( ,fr5*-,briti% h&s2 & "h 
aga9 ! practical decision w h to wait on
 ! *oice ( ! ,briti% p1 all ! m because 
! ,briti% community has no long] an     
int]e/1 real or fanci$1 9 ! co]cive use 
( ?is =ce = _! own p>ticul> ends4 ,no   
o!r p[] is to be tru/$1 except ,france1 
& ,france is less well plac$ = ! purpose
 & w\ld assur$ly also n covet s invidi\s
 an hon\r & s ?ankless an (fice4        
99       99       99       99       99  
,! !ory1 i4e4 ! logical necessities1 (  
su* a pacific league ( neutral nations  
is simple en\gh1 9 its elem5ts4 ,w> is  

to be avoid$ by a policy ( avoidance4   
,:i* signifies t ! means & ! motives to 
w>like ent]prise & w>like provocation   
are to be put away1 s f> z may be4 ,if  
:at may be1 9 ?is respect1 does n come  
up to ! requirem5ts ( ! case1 !         
exp]im5t1 ( c\rse1 w fail4 ,! prelim9>y 
requirem5t1--elim9ation ( ! "o =midable 
dyna/ic ,/ate 9 ,europe1--has be5 spok5 
(4 ,its c\nt]p>t 9 ! ,f> ,ea/ w cease to
 be =midable on ! decease ( its natural 
ally 9 ,c5tral ,europe1 9 s f> z t\*es !
 case ( su* a project$ league4 ,! ev]   
increas+ly dubi\s empire ( ! ,cz> w\ld  
appe> to fall 9 ! same category4 ,s t ! 
pacific league's =tunes w\ld seem to    
turn on :at may be call$ its dome/ic or 
int]nal arrangem5ts4  ,n[1 ! means (    
w>like ent]prise1 z well z ( unadvis$   
embroilm5t1 is always 9 ! la/ analysis !
 patriotic _s ( ! nation4 ,giv5 ?is     
patriotic _s 9 suffici5t measure1 bo? ! 
mat]ial equipm5t & ! provocation to     
ho/ilities w easily be f\nd4 ,x %\ld    
accord+ly appe> to be ! fir/ c>e ( su* a

 pacific league to r$uce ! s\rces (     
patriotic incitem5t to ! practicable    
m9imum4 ,?is c be done1 9 su* measure z 
x c be done at all1 by neutralisation ( 
national pret5sions4 ,! f9i%$ outcome 9 
?is respect1 su* z w\ld assure p]petual 
peace among ! peoples conc]n$1 w\ld (   
c\rse be an unconditional neutralisation
 ( citiz5%ip1 z has already be5 indicat$
 be=e4 ,! "q :i*1 9 effect1 ! spokesm5 =
 a pacific league h to face is z to h[  
ne>ly t outcome c be br\ght to pass4 ,! 
re/ ( :at !y may und]take1 or may come  
to by way ( compromise & /ipulation1 is 
relatively immat]ial & ( relatively     
transi5t consequ5ce4  ,a neutralisation 
( citiz5%ip has ( c\rse be5 afloat 9 a  
some:at loose way 9 ! projects (        
sociali/ic & o!r undesirable agitators1 
b no?+ mu* has come ( x4 ,nor h specific
 projects = its realisation be5 set     
afoot4 ,t any?+ conclusive along t l9e  
c\ld n[ be rea*$ w\ld seem extremely    
d\btful1 9 view ( ! ard5t patriotic     
temp] ( all ^! peoples1 height5$ j n[ by

 ! exp]i5ce ( w>4 ,/ill1 an undesign$ & 
unguid$ drift 9 t direction has be5     
visible 9 all ^? nations t are acc\nt$ !
 vangu>d among mod]n civilis$ peoples1  
ev] s9ce ! dyna/ic rule among !m began  
to be displac$ by a gr[? ( free         
in/itutions1 t is to say in/itutions    
re/+ on an accept$ gr\nd (              
insubord9ation & free initiative4  ,!   
patriotism ( ^! peoples1 or _! national 
_s1 is aft] all & at ! be/ an att5uat$ &
 imp]sonalis$ remnant ( dyna/ic loyalty1
 & x am\nts aft] all1 9 effect1 to no?+ 
mu* else ?an a residual curtailm5t or   
p>tial atrophy ( t democratic habit (   
m9d t embodies itself 9 ! =mula3 ,live &
 let live4 ,x is1 no d\bt1 bo? an anci5t
 & a v m]itori\s habit4 ,x is easily    
acquir$ & h>d to put away4 ,! patriotic 
_s & ! national life 7pre/ige7 on :i* x 
c5t]s are ! subject ( untir+ eulogy2 b  
hi!rto its encomia/s h %[n no cause &   
put =w>d no claim to believe t x all is 
( any slighte/ use = any purpose t does 
n take x & its p>am\nt m]it = grant$4 ,x

 is d\btless a v m]itori\s habit2 at    
lea/ s !y all say4 ,b "u ! circum/ances 
( mod]n civilis$ life x is fruitful ( no
 o!r net mat]ial result ?an damage &    
discom=t4 ,/ill x is virtually ubiquit\s
 among civilis$ m51 & 9 an admirable    
/ate ( repair2 & = ! calculable future x
 is d\btless to be c\nt$ 9 z an endur+  
ob/acle to a conclusive peace1 a con/ant
 s\rce ( anxiety & unremitt+ c>e4  ,!   
motives t "w out ?r\gh ?is national _s1 
by use ( ?is patriotic ardor1 fall "u   
two heads3 dyna/ic ambition1 & bus9ess  
ent]prise4 ,! two categories h ! common 
trait t nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r comprises  
any?+ t is ( ! slighte/ mat]ial b5efit  
to ! community at l>ge2 b bo? h at !    
same "t a high pre/ige value 9 !        
conv5tional e/eem ( mod]n m54 ,!        
relation ( dyna/ic ambition to w>like   
ent]prise1 & ! uses ( t usufruct ( !    
nation's res\rces & man-p[] :i* !       
nation's patriotism places at ! disposal
 ( ! dyna/ic e/abli%m5t1 h already be5  
spok5 ( at l5g? above1 p]haps at        

excessive l5g?1 9 ! recurr5t discussion 
( ! dyna/ic ,/ate & its que/ ( dom9ion =
 dom9ion's sake4 ,:at measures are      
necess>y to be tak5 z reg>ds ! =midable 
dyna/ic ,/ates t ?reat5 ! peace1 h also 
be5 outl9$1 p]haps ) excessive fre$om4  
,b x rema9s to call att5tion to t       
mitigat$ =m ( dyna/ic rule call$ a      
con/itutional mon>*y4 ,in/ances ( su* a 
con/itutional mon>*y1 design$ to cons]ve
 ! well-belov$ abuses ( dyna/ic rule "u 
a cov] ( democratic =malities1 or to br+
 9 effectual democratic insubord9ation  
"u cov] ( ! anci5t dignities ( an       
outworn mon>*ical sy/em1--!             
*>act]isation may run ei!r way accord+  
to ! fancy ( ! speak]1 & to mu* ! same  
practical effect 9 ei!r case1--in/ances 
illu/rative ( ?is compromise mon>*y at  
"w today are to be _h1 z felicit\sly z  
any:]e1 9 ! ,balkan /ates2 p]haps ! case
 ( ,greece w be especially in/ructive4  
,at ! o!r1 & f>1 end ( ! l9e w be f\nd  
su* o!r typical in/ances z ! ,briti%1 ! 
,dut*1 or1 9 pa!tic & droll m9iature1 ! 

,norwegian4  ,!re is1 ( c\rse1 a wide   
int]val betwe5 ! grotesque effront]y t  
we>s ! ,hell5ic cr[n & ! undeviat+ly    
decor\s self-effacem5t ( ! ,dut*        
sov]eign2 & yet !re is some?+ ( a common
 complexion runs ?r\gh ! :ole range (   
e/abli%m5ts1 all ! way f ! quasi-dyna/ic
 to ! pseudo-dyna/ic4 ,= reasons        
unavoidable & p]si/5t1 ?\gh n inscrib$ 9
 ! con/itu5t law1 ! gov]nm5tal          
e/abli%m5t associat$ ) su* a royal      
conc]n w be made up ( p]sons drawn f !  
kept classes1 ! nobility or less]       
g5tlefolk1 & w be imbu$ ) ! _s ( ^!     
bett] classes r ?an t ( ! common run4   
,) :at may be uncanny %rewdness1 or     
p]haps m]e tropismatic response to !    
unreason$ /imulus ( a consci\sness (    
k9d1 ! ,briti% gov]nm5t--habitually a   
syndicate ( g5tlefolk--has uni=mly      
insi/$ on ! in/allation ( a             
con/itutional mon>*y at ! =mation ( e   
new national organisation 9 :i* t       
gov]nm5t has _h a discretion>y voice4 ,&
 ! _m & v>i\s con/itutional gov]nm5ts s 

e/abli%$1 commonly "u ,briti% auspices 9
 "s degree1 h inv>iably run true to =m1 
9 "s appreciable degree4 ,!y may be     
quasi-dyna/ic or pseudo-dyna/ic1 b at   
?is ne>e/ approa* to democracy !y       
always1 & unavoidably1 include at lea/ a
 circumlocution (fice ( g5tlefolk1 9 !  
way ( a m9i/ry & c\rt e/abli%m5t1 ^:    
place 9 ! economy ( ! nation's affairs x
 is to adapt ! run ( ^! affairs to !    
ne$s ( ! kept classes4  ,!re ne$ be no  
imputation ( s9i/] designs to ^!        
g5tlefolk1 :o s are elect$ by =ce (     
circum/ances to gu>d & guide ! nation's 
int]e/s4 ,z ?+s g1 x w d\btless commonly
 be f\nd t !y are z well-int5tion$ z ne$
 be4 ,b a well-mean+ g5tleman ( good    
antec$5ts means well 9 a g5tlemanly way 
& 9 ! light ( good antec$5ts4 ,:i* comes
 unavoidably to an effectual bias 9     
favor ( ^? int]e/s :i* honorable g5tlem5
 ( good antec$5ts h at he>t4 ,& among ^!
 int]e/s are ! int]e/s ( ! kept classes1
 z contra/$ ) t common run ( !          
population f :i* _! keep is drawn4  ,"u 

! auspices1 ev5 if !y are only !        
hi/rionic & decorative auspices1 ( s    
decor\s an article ( in/itutional       
furniture z royalty1 x foll[s ( logical 
necessity t ! p]sonnel ( ! effectual    
gov]nm5t mu/ also be drawn f ! bett]    
classes1 ^: place & /ation & high repute
 w make _! association ) ! ,fir/        
,g5tleman ( ! ,realm n too insuff]ably  
incongru\s4 ,& !n1 ! popul> habit (     
look+ up to ?is ,fir/ ,g5tleman ) t     
def]5ce t royalty comm&s1 also conduces 
mat]ially to ! att5dant habitual        
attitude ( def]5ce to g5tility m at     
l>ge4  ,ev5 9 s democratic a c\ntry1 & )
 s exanimate a cr[n z is to be f\nd 9 ! 
,unit$ ,k+dom1 ! royal e/abli%m5t       
visibly1 & d\btless v mat]ially1        
conduces to ! cont9u$ t5ure ( !         
effectual gov]nm5t by repres5tatives ( !
 kept classes2 & x !re=e c\nts ) l>ge   
effect t[>d ! ret>dation ( ! c\ntry's   
fur!r move 9 ! direction ( democratic   
insubord9ation & direct p>ticipation 9 !
 direction ( affairs by ! und]br$1 :o   

f9ally pay ! co/4 ,& on ! o!r h&1 ev5 s 
mod]ately royal an e/abli%m5t z !       
,norwegian has app>5tly a s5sible effect
 9 ! way ( ga!r+ ! re9s some:at into !  
h&s ( ! bett] classes1 "u circum/ances (
 su* meag]ness z might be expect$ to    
preclude any?+ l a bett] class1 9 !     
conv5tional acceptation ( t t]m4 ,x w\ld
 appe> t ev5 ! extreme ( pseudo-dyna/ic 
royalty1 /]ilis$ to ! la/ degree1 is    
some?+ ( an effectual h9drance to       
democratic rule1 & 9 s f> also a        
h9drance to ! fur!r cont9u$             
neutralisation ( nationali/ pret5sions1 
z also an effectual fur!rance (         
upp]-class rule = upp]-class ends4  ,n[1
 a gov]nm5t by well-mean+               
g5tlem5-inve/ors w1 at ! ne>e/1 come no 
ne>] repres5t+ ! mat]ial ne$s & int]e/s 
( ! common run ?an a p>able comes to    
repres5t+ ! concrete facts :i* x hopes  
to illum9ate4 ,& z be>s imm$iately on ! 
po9t 9 h&1 ^! g5tlemanly adm9i/rators ( 
! nation's affairs :o s clu/] ab\t !    
?rone1 vacant ?\gh x may be ( all b !   

bodily pres5ce ( maje/y1 are aft] all   
g5tlem51 ) a g5tlemanly s5se ( punctilio
 t\*+ ! l>ge proprieties & c\rtesies (  
political life4 ,! national honor is a  
matt] ( punctilio1 always2 & out ( !    
=mal exig5cies ( ! national honor arise 
grievances to be r$ress$2 & x is        
grievances ( ?is "* t commonly af=d !   
=mal gr\nd ( a brea* ( ! peace4 ,an     
appeal on patriotic gr\nds ( w\nd$      
national pride1 to ! common run :o h no 
tra9$ s5se ( punctilio1 by ! g5tlemanly 
responsible class :o h su* a s5se1 back$
 by assurances t ! national pre/ige or !
 national int]e/s are at /ake1 w        
commonly br+ a suitable response4 ,x is 
sc>cely necess>y t ! common run %\ld "k 
j :at ! /ir is ab\t1 s long z !y are    
in=m$ by _! tru/$ bett]s t !re is a     
grievance to r$ress4 ,9 effect1 x       
results t ! democratic nation's affairs 
are adm9i/]$ by a syndicate compos$ ( ! 
lea/ democratic class 9 ! population4   
,except+ :at is to be except$1 x w      
commonly hold true today t ^! g5tlemanly

 gov]nm5ts are conduct$ 9 a comm5dably  
clean & upright fa%ion1 ) a consci\s    
rectitude & a b5evol5t int5tion4 ,b !y  
are aft] all1 9 effect1 class gov]nm5ts1
 & !y unavoidably c>ry ! bias ( _!      
class4 ,! g5tlemanly (ficials &         
law-giv]s come1 9 ! ma91 f ! kept       
classes1 ^: liv+ comes to !m 9 ! way (  
income f inve/m5ts1 at home or 9 =eign  
p>ts1 or f an equival5t s\rce (         
accumulat$ weal? or (ficial emolum5t4 ,!
 bias result+ f ?is /ate ( ! case ne$ n 
be ( an intol]ant "* 9 ord] to br+ its  
modicum ( mis*ief into ! national       
policy1 z reg>ds amicable relations )   
o!r nationalities4 ,a slight bias runn+ 
on a gr\nd ( consci\s "r & unbrok5 usage
 may g f>4 ,s1 e4g41 anyone ( ^!        
g5tlemanly gov]nm5ts is )9 its          
legitimate rights1 or r )9 its imp]ative
 duty1 9 def5d+ ! =eign inve/m5ts ( its 
citiz5s & en=c+ due paym5t ( its        
citiz5s' claims to income or pr9cipal ( 
su* prop]ty z !y may hold 9 =eign p>ts2 
& x is )9 its ord9>y l9es ( duty 9 mak+ 

use ( ! nation's res\rces--t is to say (
 ! common man & 8 means ( livelihood--9 
en=c+ su* claims held by ! inve/+       
classes4 ,! community at l>ge has no    
int]e/ 9 ! en=cem5t ( su* claims2 x is  
evid5tly a class int]e/1 & z evid5tly   
protect$ by a code ( rights1 duties &   
proc$ure t has gr[n out ( a class bias1 
at ! co/ ( ! community at l>ge4  ,?is   
bias favor+ ! int]e/s ( inve/$ weal? may
 also1 & inde$ x commonly does1 take !  
aggressive =m ( aggressively =w>d+      
ent]prise 9 inve/m5t abroad1 p>ticul>ly 
9 comm]cially backw>d c\ntries abroad1  
by ext5sion ( ! national jurisdiction & 
! active c\nt5anc+ ( concessions 9 =eign
 p>ts1 by subv5tions1 or by creation (  
(fices to br+ suitable emolum5ts to !   
y\ng] sons ( des]v+ families4 ,!        
protective t>iffs to :i* rec\rse is     
sometimes _h1 are ( ! same g5]al nature 
& purpose4 ,( c\rse1 x is 9 ?is latt]1  
aggressive or excursive1 issue ( !      
well-to-d bias 9 favor ( inve/m5t &     
inve/$ weal? t its mo/ p]nici\s effect  

on int]national relations is traceable4 
,free income1 t is to say income n      
dep5d5t on p]sonal m]it or ex]tion ( any
 k9d1 is ! brea? ( life to ! kept       
classes2 & z a coroll>y ( ! ,fir/ ,law (
 ,nature1 !re=e1 ! inve/$ weal? :i*     
gives a legally equitable claim to su*  
income has 9 _! eyes all ! sanctity t c 
be giv5 by ,natural ,"r4 ,inve/m5t--(t5 
spok5 ( euphemi/ically z sav+s--is      
consequ5tly a m]itori\s act1 conceiv$ to
 be v s]viceable to ! community at l>ge1
 & prop]ly to be fur!r$ by all available
 means4 ,inve/$ weal? is s mu* add$ to !
 aggregate means at ! community's       
disposal1 x is believ$4 ,( c\rse1 9 po9t
 ( fact1 income f inve/m5t 9 ! h&s ( ^! 
g5tlefolk is a means ( tracelessly      
consum+ t mu* ( ! community's ye>ly     
product2 b to ! kept classes1 :o see !  
matt] f ! po9t ( view ( ! recipi5t1 !   
matt] does n pres5t itself 9 t light4   
,to !m x is ! brea? ( life4 ,l o!r      
honorable m5 !y are fai?ful to _! bread2
 & by au!ntic tradition ! common man1 9 

^: discipl9$ preconceptions ! kept      
classes are 8 indisp5sable bett]s1 is   
also imbu$ ) ! uncritical fai? t !      
inve/$ weal? :i* enables ^! bett]s      
tracelessly to consume a due %>e ( !    
ye>ly product is an addition to !       
aggregate means 9 h&4  ,! advancem5t (  
comm]cial & o!r bus9ess ent]prise beyond
 ! national fronti]s is consequ5tly "o (
 ! duties n to be neglect$1 & ) :i* no  
trifl+ c be tol]at$4 ,x is s b\nd up )  
national ideals1 "u any g5tlemanly      
gov]nm5t1 t any invasion or evasion ( ! 
rights ( inve/ors 9 =eign p>ts1 or ( o!r
 bus9ess involv$ 9 deal+s ) =eign p>ts1 
imm$iately involves n only ! mat]ial    
int]e/ ( ! nation b ! national hon\r z  
well4 ,h5ce int]national jeal\sies &    
ev5tual embroilm5t4  ,! con/itutional   
mon>*y t commonly cov]s a mod]n         
democratic community is accord+ly a     
m5ace to ! common peace1 & any pacific  
league ( neutrals w be lay+ up tr\ble & 
prospective defeat = itself 9 all[+ su* 
an in/itution to /& ov] 9 any in/ance4  

,act+ ) a free h&1 if su* a ?+ 7        
possible1 ! project$ league %\ld        
logically elim9ate all mon>*ical        
e/abli%m5ts1 con/itutional or o!rwise1 f
 among its f$]at$ nations4 ,x is        
d\btless n )9 reason to look = su* a    
move 9 ! negotiations t are to initiate 
! project$ league ( neutrals2 b ! po9t  
is call$ to m9d "h *iefly z indicat+ "o 
( ! difficult passages :i* are to be    
fac$ 9 any attempt$ =mation ( su* a     
league1 z well z "o ( ! abid+ s\rces (  
int]national irritation ) :i* ! league's
 jurisdiction w be burd5$ s long z a    
decisive measure ( ! k9d is n tak54  ,! 
logic ( ! :ole matt] is simple en\gh1 & 
! necess>y measures to be tak5 to rem$y 
x are no less simple--b>r+ s5tim5tal    
objections :i* w probably prove         
insup]able4 ,a mon>*y1 ev5 a suffici5tly
 inane mon>*y1 c>ries ! burd5 ( a       
g5tlemanly gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5t--a     
gov]nm5t by & = ! kept classes2 su* a   
gov]nm5t w unavoidably direct ! affairs 
( /ate ) a view to income on inve/$     

weal?1 & w see ! mat]ial int]e/s ( !    
c\ntry only 9 s f> z !y pres5t !mselves 
"u ! =m ( inve/m5t & bus9ess ent]prise  
design$ to ev5tuate 9 inve/m5t2 ^! are !
 only =ms ( mat]ial int]e/ t give rise  
to int]national jeal\sies1              
discrim9ations & misund]/&+1 at ! same  
"t t !y are int]e/s ( individuals only &
 h no mat]ial use or value to !         
community at l>ge4 ,giv5 a mon>*ical    
e/abli%m5t & ! concomitant g5tlemanly   
gov]nm5tal corps1 !re is no avoid+ ?is  
s9i/] prime mov] ( int]national rivalry1
 s long z ! rights ( inve/$ weal?       
cont9ue 9 popul> appreh5sion to be held 
inviolable4  ,q obvi\sly !re is a c]ta9 
tu quoque ready to ! h& ( ^! g5tlem5 ( !
 old s*ool :o see 9 ! con/itutional     
mon>*y a ,god-giv5 %elt] f ! unres]v$   
vulg>isation ( life at ! h&s ( ! unble/ 
& unbalanc$ und]br$ & und]f$4 ,! =mally 
democratic nations1 t h n reta9$ ev5 a  
pseudo-dyna/ic royalty1 are n mu* m     
=tunately plac$ 9 respect ( national    
discrim9ation 9 trade & inve/m5t4 ,!    

,am]ican republic w obvi\sly come into !
 comp>ison z ! type-=m ( economic policy
 9 a democratic commonweal?4 ,!re is    
little to *oose betwe5 ! economic policy
 pursu$ by su* republics z ,france or   
,am]ica on ! "o side & _! ne>e/         
c\nt]p>ts among ! con/itutional mon>*ies
 on ! o!r4 ,x is ev5 to be admitt$ out (
 h& t ! comp>ison does no cr$it to      
democratic in/itutions z se5 at "w 9 ^! 
republics4 ,!y are1 9 fact1 some:at !   
crude/ & mo/ s+ul>ly fooli% 9 _!        
economic policy ( any peoples 9         
,*ri/5dom4 ,& 9 view ( ! amaz+ facility 
) :i* ^! democratic commonweal?s are    
always ready to delude !mselves 9 ev]y?+
 t t\*es _! national trade policies1 x  
is obvi\s t any league ( neutrals ^:    
=tunes are 9 any degree cont+5t on _!   
reasonable compliance ) a call to       
neutralise _! trade regulations = ! sake
 ( peace1 w h ne$ ( all ! p]suasive p[] 
x c br+ to be>4  ,h[ev]1 ! p[]s (       
d>kness h "o less l9e ( def5se to %elt] 
!m & _! "w ( malv]sation 9 ^!           

commonweal?s ?an 9 ! con/itutional      
mon>*ies4 ,! ,am]ican national          
e/abli%m5t1 e4g41 :i* may be tak5 z a   
fairly *>act]i/ic type-=m 9 ?is be>+1 is
 a gov]nm5t ( bus9essm5 = bus9ess ends2 
& !re is no tabu ( axiomatic g5tility or
 ( c]tifi$ p$igree to h$ge ab\t ?is     
work+ syndicate ( bus9ess int]e/s4 ,s t 
x is all ne>] by "o remove to !         
dis9tegrat+ t\* ( ! common man & 8      
commonplace circum/ances4 ,! bus9esslike
 rgime ( ^! democratic politicians is z 
undeviat+ 9 its advocacy & aid (        
ent]prise 9 pursuit ( private ga9 "u    
%elt] ( national discrim9ation z !      
circum/ances w p]mit2 & ! circum/ances w
 p]mit !m to d mu* & g f>2 = ! limits ( 
popul> gullibility 9 all ?+s t t\* !    
admirable feats ( bus9ess ent]prise are 
v wide 9 ^! c\ntries4 ,!re is a         
s5tim5tal popul> belief runn+ to !      
curi\s effect t because ! citiz5s ( su* 
a commonweal? are ungrad$ equals be=e ! 
law1 !re=e someh[ !y c all & sev]al     
become weal?y by trad+ at ! exp5se ( _! 

neighb\rs4  ,yet1 ! fact rema9s t !re is
 only ! "o l9e ( def5se 9 ^! c\ntries   
:]e ! bus9ess int]e/s h n ! c\nt5ance ( 
a "t-honor$ ord] ( g5tlefolk1 ) !       
sanction ( royalty 9 ! backgr\nd4 ,& ?is
 fact is fur!r enhanc$ by "o ( its      
imm$iate consequ5ces4 ,proce$+ ^u !     
ab\nd+ fai? :i* ^! peoples h 9 bus9ess  
ent]prise z a univ]sal solv5t1 !        
unres]v$ v5ality & gre$ ( _!            
bus9essm5--unhamp]$ by ! g5tleman's     
noblesse oblige--h pu%$ ! conv]sion (   
public law to private ga9 f>!r & m op5ly
 "h ?an else:]e4 ,! outcome has be5     
div]s measures 9 re/ra9t ( trade or 9   
fur!rance ( pr(itable abuses1 ( su* a   
crass & flagrant "* t if once ! popul>  
appreh5sion is t\*$ by matt]-(-fact     
reflection on ! actualities ( ?is       
bus9esslike policy ! :ole /ructure %\ld 
reasonably be expect$ to crumble4 ,if ! 
pres5t conjuncture ( circum/ances %\ld1 
e4g41 pres5t to ! ,am]ican populace a   
*oice betwe5 exclusion f ! neutral      
league1 & a consequ5t probable & dubi\s 

w> ( self-def5se1 on ! "o h&2 z aga9/   
entrance into ! league1 & security at ! 
co/ ( rel9qui%+ _! national t>iff 9     
re/ra9t ( trade1 on ! o!r h&1 x is      
always possible t ! p might be br\ght to
 look _! protective t>iff 9 ! face &    
recognise x = a commonplace conspiracy 9
 re/ra9t ( trade1 & s decide to %uffle x
 out ( ! way z a good riddance4 ,& ! re/
 ( ! ,republic's bus9esslike policy (   
special favors w\ld 9 su* a case /& a   
*ance ( go+ 9 ! disc>d along ) !        
protective t>iff1 s9ce ! re/ is (       
sub/antially ! same dis+5u\s "*4  ,n t  
anyone ne$ ent]ta9 a confid5t           
expectation ( su* an exploit ( common   
s5se on ! "p ( ! ,am]ican vot]s4 ,!re is
 little enc\ragem5t = su* a hope 9 _!   
pa/ c>e] ( gullibility on ?is head4 ,b  
?is is aga9 a po9t ( difficulty to be   
fac$ 9 negotiations look+ to su* a      
pacific league ( neutrals4 ,)\t a       
some:at compreh5sive neutralisation (   
national trade regulations1 ! outlook = 
la/+ peace w\ld be r$uc$ by t mu*2 !re  

w\ld be s mu* mat]ial = int]national    
jeal\sy & misund]/&+ left /&+ ov] &     
requir+ cont9u$ readju/m5t & compromise1
 always ) ! cont+5cy ( a brea* t mu*    
ne>]4 ,! infatuation ( ! ,am]icans ) _! 
protective t>iff & o!r bus9esslike      
discrim9ations is a suffici5tly s]i\s   
matt] 9 ?is connection1 & x is always   
possible t _! inability to give up ?is  
sup]/ition might lead to _! n adh]+ to  
?is project$ neutral league4 ,yet x is  
at lea/ to be said t ! long] ! "t t     
passes be=e active measures are tak5    
t[>d ! organisation ( su* a league--t is
 to say1 9 effect1 ! long] ! great w>   
la/s--! m am5able is ! temp] ( !        
,am]icans likely to be1 & ! m           
reluctantly w\ld !y see !mselves        
exclud$4 ,%\ld ! w> be protract$ to "s  
su* l5g? z appe>s to be promis$ by      
latt]day pronunciam5tos f ! bellig]5ts1 
or to some?+ passably approa*+ su* a    
duration2 & %\ld ! ,imp]ial designs &   
anomal\s diplomacy ( ,japan cont9ue to  
=ce !mselves on ! popul> att5tion at !  

pres5t rate2 at ! same "t t ! op]ations 
9 ,europe cont9ue to demon/rate !       
excessive co/ ( def5se aga9/ a well     
devis$ & resolute (f5sive2 !n x %\ld    
reasonably be expect$ t ! ,am]icans     
might come to su* a realisation ( _! own
 case z to let no m9or consid]ations (  
trade discrim9ation /& 9 ! way ( _! mak+
 common cause ) ! o!r pacific nations4  
,x appe>s already to be realis$ 9 ! mo/ 
responsible qu>t] t ,am]ica ne$s !      
succor ( ! o!r pacific nations1 ) a ne$ 
t is n to be put away or put (f2 z x is 
also com+ to be realis$ t ! ,imp]ial    
,p[]s are di/urb]s ( ! peace1 by =ce (  
_! ,imp]ial "*4 ,( c\rse1 ! politicians 
:o seek _! own advantage 9 ! nation's   
emb>rassm5t are commonly unable to see !
 matt] 9 t light4 ,b x is also app>5t t 
! popul> s5tim5t is affect$ ) ! same    
appreh5sion1 m & m z "t passes & ! aims 
& me?ods ( ! ,imp]ial ,p[]s become m    
pat5t4  ,hi!rto ! spokesm5 ( a pacific  
f$]ation ( nations h spok5 = a league ( 
su* an 7indet]m9ate7 con/itution z to   

leave all ! f$]at$ nations undi/urb$ 9  
all _! conduct ( _! own affairs1 dome/ic
 or int]national2 probably = want (     
second ?\ght z to ! complications (     
cop>tn]%ip betwe5 !m 9 s grave & unwont$
 an ent]prise4 ,!y h also spok5 (       
,am]ica's %>e 9 ! project z be+ t ( an  
int]e/$ outsid]1 ^: int]e/ 9 any        
precaution>y measures ( ?is k9d is 9 "p 
a reg>d = 8 own tranquility z a         
dis9t]e/$ neighb\r1 b 9 great] "p a     
humane solicitude = ! well-be+ (        
civilis$ mank9d at l>ge4 ,9 ?is view1   
some:at self-complac5t x is to be       
admitt$1 ,am]ica is conceiv$ to come    
into ! case z initiator & guide1 ab\t   
:om ! pacific nations are to clu/] z "s 
sort ( que5-bee4  ,n[1 !re is n a little
 v]isimilitude 9 ?is conception (       
,am]ica z a sort ( c5tral (fice & a t[] 
( /r5g? 9 ! project$ f$]ation ( neutral 
nations1 h[ev] ph>isaical an appe>ance x
 may all h 9 ! self-complac5t utt]ances 
( patriotic ,am]icans4 ,! ,am]ican      
republic is1 aft] all1 ! greate/ ( !    

pacific nations ( ,*ri/5dom1 9 res\rces1
 population & indu/rial capacity2 & x is
 also n to be d5i$ t ! temp] ( ?is l>ge 
population is1 on ! :ole1 z pacific z t 
( any consid]able p--outside ( ,*9a4 ,! 
adh]5ce ( ! ,am]ican republic w\ld1 9   
effect1 d\ble ! mass & p[]s ( ! project$
 league1 & w\ld s place x beyond all    
haz>d ( defeat f )\t1 or ev5 ( s]i\s    
outside opposition to its aims4  ,yet x 
w n hold true t ,am]ica is ei!r         
dis9t]e/$ or indisp5sable4 ,! un5viable 
position ( ! indisp5sable belongs to !  
,unit$ ,k+dom1 & c>ries ) x ! cu/om>y   
suspicion ( int]e/$ motives t atta*es to
 ! /rong] p>ty 9 a b>ga94 ,to ,am]ica1  
on ! o!r h&1 ! league is indisp5sable1 z
 a refuge f o!rwise inevitable dang]s   
ahead2 & x is only a "q ( a mod]ate     
all[ance ( "t = ! ,am]ican vot]s to     
realise t )\t an adequate cop>tn]%ip ) !
 o!r pacific nations ! outlook ( !      
,republic is altoge!r prec>i\s4         
,s+le-h&$1 ,am]ica c n def5d itself1    
except at a prohibitive co/2 :]eas 9    

cop>tn]%ip ) ^! o!rs ! national def5se  
becomes a virtually negligible matt]4 ,x
 is = ,am]ica a *oice betwe5 a policy ( 
extravagant armam5t & aggressive        
diplomacy1 ) a d\btful issue1 on ! "o   
side1 & su* abatem5t ( national         
pret5sions z w\ld obviate bootless      
cont5tion1 on ! o!r side4  ,yet1 x mu/  
be admitt$1 ! patriotic temp] ( !       
,am]ican p is ( su* a susceptible k9d z 
to leave ! issue 9 d\bt4 ,n t !         
,am]icans w n endeavor to initiate "s =m
 ( compact = ! keep+ ( ! peace1 :5      
ho/ilities are conclud$2 b>r+ un=ese5   
cont+5cies1 x is virtually a =egone     
conclusion t ! attempt w be made1 & t ! 
,am]icans w take an active "p 9 its     
promotion4 ,b ! d\bt is z to _! tak+ su*
 a c\rse z w lead to a compact ( ! k9d  
ne$$ to safegu>d ! peace ( ! c\ntry4 ,! 
bus9ess int]e/s h mu* to say 9 ! c\nsels
 ( ! ,am]icans1 & ^! bus9ess int]e/s    
look to %ort-t]m ga9s--,am]ican bus9ess 
int]e/s p>ticul>ly--to be d]iv$ f !     
c\ntry's necessities4 ,x is likely to   

appe> t ! bus9ess int]e/s1 ?r\gh        
repres5tatives 9 ,congress & else:]e1 w 
disapprove ( any peace compact t does n 
involve an increase ( ! national armam5t
 & a prospective dem& = munitions & an  
increas$ exp5diture ( ! national funds4 
,) or )\t ! adh]5ce ( ,am]ica1 ! pacific
 nations ( ,europe w d\btless endeav\r  
to =m a league or alliance design$ to   
keep ! peace4 ,if ,am]ica does n come   
into ! arrangem5t x may well come to    
no?+ mu* m ?an a fur!r cont9u$ def5sive 
alliance ( ! bellig]5t nations n[ oppos$
 to ! ,g]man coalition4 ,9 any case x is
 /ill a po9t 9 d\bt :e!r ! league s     
project$ is to be m]ely a compact (     
def5sive armam5t aga9/ a common enemy--9
 :i* case x w necess>ily be transi5t1   
p]haps ephem]al--or a m inclusive       
coalition ( a clos] "* design$ to avoid 
any brea* ( ! peace1 by dis>mam5t & by  
disall[ance & disclaim] ( su* national  
pret5sions & punctilio z ! patriotic    
s5tim5t ( ! contract+ p>ties w cons5t to
 disp5se )4 ,! nature ( ! result+ peace1

 !re=e1 z well z its *ances ( duration1 
w 9 great measure be condition$ on !    
fa%ion ( peace-compact on :i* x is to   
re/2 :i* w be condition$ 9 good "p on ! 
degree 9 :i* ! w>like coalition "u      
,g]man ,imp]ial control is effectually  
to be elim9at$ f ! situation z a        
prospective di/urb] ( ! peace2 :i*1 9   
turn1 is a "q some:at closely b\nd up ) 
! fur!r duration ( ! w>1 z has already  
be5 indicat$ 9 an e>li] passage4        
,,*apt] ,,vii  ,,peace ,,& ,,! ,,price  
,,sy/em   ,evid5tly ! conception ( peace
 on :i* its v>i\s spokesm5 are proce$+  
is by no means ! same = all ( !m4 ,9 !  
curr5t ,g]man conception1 e4g41 z se5 9 
! utt]ances ( its _m & urg5t spokesm51  
peace appe>s to be ( ! g5]al nature ( a 
truce betwe5 nations1 ^: ,god-giv5 de/9y
 x is1 9 "t1 to adju/ a claim to        
prec$5ce by wag] ( battle4 ,!y w        
sometimes speak ( x1 euphemi/ically1 ) a
 view to conciliation1 z assurance ( !  
national future1 9 :i* ! national future
 is tak5 to mean an opportunity = !     

ext5sion ( ! national dom9ion at !      
exp5se ( "s o!r national e/abli%m5t4 ,9 
! same connection "o may recall ! _m    
eloqu5t passages on ! ,/ate & its       
p>am\nt place & value 9 ! human economy4
 ,! ,/ate is useful = di/urb+ ! peace4  
,?is ,g]man notion may confid5tly be set
 d[n z ! l[e/ ( ! curr5t conceptions (  
peace2 or p]haps r z ! notion ( peace   
r$uc$ to ! l[e/ t]ms at :i* x cont9ues  
to be recognisable z su*4 ,next beyond 9
 t direction lies ! notion ( armi/ice2  
:i* diff]s f ?is conception ( peace     
*iefly 9 connot+ specifically a def9ite 
& relatively %ort int]val betwe5 w>like 
op]ations4  ,! conception ( peace z be+ 
a p]iod ( prep>ation = w> has _m adh]5ts
 outside ! ,fa!rl&1 ( c\rse4 ,inde$1 x  
has probably a wid] vogue & a readi]    
acceptance among m5 :o int]e/ !mselves 9
 que/ions ( peace & w> ?an any o!r4 ,x  
goes h& 9 h& ) t militant nationalism t 
is tak5 = grant$1 conv5tionally1 z !    
common gr\nd ( ^? int]national relations
 t play a "p 9 diplomatic int]c\rse4 ,x 

is ! diplomati/'s mti] to talk w> 9     
p>ables ( peace4 ,?is conception ( peace
 z a prec>i\s int]val ( prep>ation has  
come d[n to ! pres5t out ( ! feudal age 
& is1 ( c\rse1 be/ at home :]e ! feudal 
range ( preconceptions has suff]$ lea/  
dilapidation2 & x c>ries ! feudali/ic   
presumption t all national e/abli%m5ts  
are competitors = dom9ion1 aft] ! s*eme 
( ,mac*iavelli4 ,! peace :i* is _h on   
?is foot+1 )9 ! realm1 is a peace (     
subjection1 m or less pron\nc$ accord+ z
 ! giv5 national e/abli%m5t is m or less
 on ! militant ord]2 a w>like           
organisation be+ necess>ily ( a s]vile  
"*1 9 ! same measure 9 :i* x is w>like4 
,9 mu* ! same measure & ) mu* ! same    
limitations z ! mod]n democratic nations
 h dep>t$ f ! feudal sy/em ( civil      
relations & f ! peculi> range (         
conceptions :i* *>act]ise t sy/em1 !y h 
also come 9 = a new or revis$ conception
 ( peace4 ,in/ead ( its be+ valu$ *iefly
 z a space ( "t 9 :i* to prep>e = w>1   
(f5sive or def5sive1 among ^! democratic

 & provisionally pacific nations x has  
come to /& 9 ! common e/imation z !     
normal & /able mann] ( life1 good &     
comm5dable 9 its own "r4 ,^! mod]n1     
pacific1 commonweal?s /& on ! def5sive1 
habitually4 ,!y are /ill pugnaci\sly    
national1 b !y h unle>n$ s mu* ( !      
feudal preconceptions z to leave !m 9 a 
def5sive attitude1 "u ! wat*-^w3 ,peace 
) hon\r4 ,_! quasi-feudali/ic national  
pre/ige is n to be trifl$ )1 ?\gh x has 
lo/ s mu* ( its fasc9ation z ord9>ily n 
to s]ve ! purposes ( an aggressive      
ent]prise1 at lea/ n )\t "s %rewd       
sophi/ication at ! h&s ( militant       
politicians & _! diplomatic ag5ts4 ,(   
c\rse1 an exub]ant patriotism may n[ &  
aga9 take on ! anci5t b>b>ian vehem5ce &
 lead su* a provisionally pacific nation
 into an aggressive raid aga9/ a        
helpless neighb\r2 b x rema9s           
*>act]i/ically true1 aft] all1 t ^!     
peoples look on ! c\ntry's peace z !    
normal & ord9>y c\rse ( ?+s1 :i* ea*    
nation is to take c>e ( = itself & by   

its own =ce4  ,! ideal ( !              
n9ete5?-c5tury /atesm5 0 to keep ! peace
 by a balance ( p[]2 an un/able         
equilibrium ( rivalries1 9 :i* x 0      
recognis$ t et]nal vigilance 0 ! price (
 peace by equilibration4 ,s9ce !n1 by   
=ce ( ! object-lesson ( ! tw5tie?-c5tury
 w>s1 x has become evid5t t et]nal      
vigilance w no long] keep ! peace by    
equilibration1 & ! balance ( p[] has    
become obsolete4 ,at ! same "t ?+s h s  
turn$ t an effective majority ( !       
civilis$ nations n[ see _! advantage 9  
peace1 )\t fur!r opportunity to seek    
fur!r dom9ion4 ,^! nations h also be5   
fall+ into ! %ape ( commonweal?s1 & s h 
lo/ some?+ ( _! national _s4  ,) mu*    
reluctant hesitation & _m misgiv+s1 !   
/atesm5 ( ^! pacific nations are        
accord+ly busy+ !mselves ) s*emes =     
keep+ ! peace on ! unfamili> foot+ ( a  
/able equilibrium2 ! me?od pref]r$ on ! 
:ole be+ an equilibration (             
make-believe1 9 imitation ( ! obsolete  
balance ( p[]4 ,!re is a meticul\s reg>d

 = national jeal\sies & discrim9ations1 
:i* x is ?\ght necess>y to keep intact4 
,( c\rse1 on any "o ( ^! slightly       
div]sifi$ plans ( keep+ ! peace on a    
/able foot+ ( cop>tn]y among ! pacific  
nations1 national jeal\sies & national  
integrity no long] h any sub/antial     
mean+4 ,b /atesm5 ?9k & plan 9 t]ms (   
prec$5t2 :i* comes to ?9k+ & plann+ 9   
t]ms ( make-believe1 :5 alt]$           
circum/ances h made ! prec$5ts obsolete4
 ,s "o comes to ! s+ul> proposal ( !    
/atesm51 t ! peace is to be kept 9      
conc]t among ^! pacific nations by a    
provision ( =ce ) :i* to break x at w4  
,! peace t is to be kept on ?is foot+ ( 
national discrim9ations & national      
armam5ts w necess>ily be ( a prec>i\s   
k9d2 be+1 9 effect1 a /atesmanlike      
imitation ( ! peace z x 0 once kept ev5 
m prec>i\sly by ! pacific nations 9     
sev]alty4  ,hi!rto ! movem5t t[>d peace 
has n gone beyond ?is conception ( x1 z 
a collusive safegu>d+ ( national        
discrepancies by =ce ( arms4 ,su* a     

peace is necess>ily prec>i\s1 p>tly     
because arm$ =ce is useful = break+ !   
peace1 p>tly because ! national         
discrepancies1 by :i* ^! curr5t         
peace-mak]s set su* /ore1 are a con/ant 
s\rce ( embroilm5t4 ,:at ! peace-mak]s  
might logically be expect$ to conc]n    
!mselves ab\t w\ld be ! elim9ation ( ^! 
discrepancies t make = embroilm5t4 ,b   
:at !y actually seem conc]n$ ab\t is _! 
pres]vation4 ,a peace by collusive      
neglect ( ^? remnants ( feudali/ic      
make-believe t /ill s]ve to divide !    
pacific nations has hi!rto n s]i\sly    
come "u advisem5t4  ,evid5tly1 hi!rto1 &
 = ! calculable future1 peace is a      
relative matt]1 a matt] ( m or less1    
:i*ev] ( ! sev]al work+ conceptions     
spok5 ( above may rule ! case4          
,evid5tly1 too1 a peace design$ to      
/r5g!n ! national e/abli%m5t aga9/      
ev5tual w>1 w c\nt to a diff]5t effect f
 a collusive peace ( a def5sive k9d     
among ! pacific peoples1 design$ by its 
projectors to cons]ve ^? national       

discrepancies on :i* patriotic /atesm5 l
 to dwell4 ,diff]5t f bo? w\ld be !     
value ( a peace by neglect ( su* useless
 national discrim9ations z n[ make =    
embroilm5t4 ,a protract$ season ( peace 
%\ld logically h a some:at diff]5t      
cultural value accord+ to ! "* ( !      
public policy to be pursu$ "u its cov]4 
,s t a safe & sane cons]vation ( !      
receiv$ law & ord] %\ld presumably be/  
be effect$ "u cov] ( a collusive peace (
 ! def5sive k9d1 :i* is design$ to reta9
 ^? national discrepancies intact t c\nt
 = s mu* 9 ! national life ( today1 bo? 
z a focus ( patriotic s5tim5t & z an    
outlet = national exp5ditures4 ,?is plan
 w\ld involve ! lea/ d]angem5t ( !      
receiv$ ord] among ! democratic peoples1
 al?\gh ! plan might itself und]go "s   
*ange 9 ! c\rse ( "t4         99        
99       99       99       99  ,among ! 
s+ul>ities ( ! latt]day situation1 9 ?is
 connection1 & br\ght out by ! exp]i5ces
 ( ! great w>1 is a close resemblance   
betwe5 latt]day w>like op]ations & !    

ord9>y processes ( indu/ry4 ,mod]n w>f>e
 & mod]n indu/ry alike are c>ri$ on by  
te*nological processes subject to       
surveillance & direction by me*anical   
eng9e]s1 or p]haps r exp]ts 9 eng9e]+   
sci5ce ( ! me*ani/ic k9d4 ,w> is n n[ a 
matt] ( ! /\t he>t & /rong arm4 ,n t ^! 
attributes d n h _! place & value 9     
mod]n w>f>e2 b !y are no long] ! *ief or
 decisive factors 9 ! case4 ,! exploits 
t c\nt 9 ?is w>f>e are te*nological     
exploits2 exploits ( te*nological       
sci5ce1 indu/rial appliances1 &         
te*nological tra9+4 ,z has be5 rem>k$   
be=e1 x is no long] a g5tlem5's w>1 & ! 
g5tleman1 z su*1 is no bett] ?an a      
m>plot 9 ! game z x is play$4  ,c]ta9   
consequ5ces foll[ f ?is /ate ( ! case4  
,te*nology & indu/rial exp]i5ce1 9 l>ge 
volume & at a high pr(ici5cy1 are       
indisp5sable to ! conduct ( w> on !     
mod]n plan1 z well z a l>ge1 effici5t & 
up-to-date indu/rial community &        
indu/rial plant to supply ! necess>y    
mat]ial ( ?is w>f>e4 ,at ! same "t !    

discipl9e ( ! campaign1 z x imp+es on ! 
rank & file z well z on ! v num]\s body 
( (fic]s & te*nicians1 is n at cross    
purposes ) ! ord9>y indu/rial employm5ts
 ( peace1 or n 9 ! same degree z has be5
 ! case 9 ! pa/1 ev5 9 ! rec5t pa/4 ,!  
exp]i5ce ( ! campaign does n greatly    
unfit ! m5 :o survive = indu/rial uses2 
nor does x come 9 z a %e] int]ruption ( 
_! indu/rial tra9+1 or break ! cont9uity
 ( t range ( habits ( ?\ght :i* mod]n   
indu/ry ( ! te*nological ord] induces2 n
 9 ! same degree z 0 ! case "u !        
conditions ( w> z c>ri$ on 9 ! n9ete5?  
c5tury4 ,! cultural1 & p>ticul>ly !     
te*nological1 incid5ce ( ?is mod]n w>f>e
 %\ld evid5tly be appreciably diff]5t f 
:at has be5 exp]i5c$ 9 ! pa/1 & f :at   
?is pa/ exp]i5ce has induc$ /ud5ts ( ^! 
matt]s to look = among ! psy*ological   
effects ( w>like exp]i5ce4  ,x rema9s   
true t ! discipl9e ( ! campaign1 h[ev]  
imp]sonal x may t5d to become1 /ill     
inculcates p]sonal subord9ation &       
unque/ion+ ob$i5ce2 & yet ! mod]n       

tactics & me?ods ( fight+ be> some:at m 
on ! individual's initiative1           
discretion1 sagacity & self-possession  
?an once w\ld h be5 true4 ,d\btless ! m5
 :o come out ( ?is great w>1 ! common   
m51 w br+ home an acc5tuat$ & acrimoni\s
 patriotism1 a v5om\s hatr$ ( ! enemies 
:om !y h miss$ kill+2 b x may reasonably
 be d\bt$ if !y come away ) a           
correspond+ly height5$ admiration &     
affection = _! bett]s :o h fail$ to make
 good z =em5 9 *>ge ( ?is teamwork 9    
kill+4 ,! ye>s ( ! w> h be5 try+ to !   
reputation ( (ficials & (fic]s1 :o h _h 
to meet un*>t$ exig5cies ) n mu* bett]  
*ance ( guess+ ! way ?r\gh ?an _!       
subalt]ns h _h4  ,by & l>ge1 x is p]haps
 n to be d\bt$ t ! populace n[ "u arms w
 return f ! exp]i5ce ( ! w> ) "s net ga9
 9 loyalty to ! nation's hon\r & 9      
allegiance to _! ma/]s2 p>ticul>ly !    
,g]man subjects1--! l is sc>cely true = 
! ,briti%2 b a d\bt w pres5t itself z to
 ! magnitude ( ?is net ga9 9            
subord9ation1 or ?is net loss 9         

self-possession4 ,a d\bt may be p]mitt$ 
z to :e!r ! common man 9 ! c\ntries ( ! 
,imp]ial coalition1 e4g41 w1 z ! net    
outcome ( ?is w> exp]i5ce1 be 9 a       
p]ceptibly m pliable frame ( m9d z t\*es
 8 obligations t[>d 8 bett]s &          
subs]vi5ce to ! irresponsible au?ority  
ex]cis$ by ! v>i\s gov]nm5tal ag5cies1  
?an he 0 at ! outbreak ( ! w>4 ,at t "t1
 !re is reason to believe1 !re 0 an     
om9\s1 ?\gh sc>cely ?reat5+1 murmur (   
discont5t beg9n+ to be he>d among !     
work+ classes ( ! indu/rial t[ns4 ,x is 
fair to presume1 h[ev]1 t ! s]vile      
discipl9e ( ! s]vice & ! v9dictive      
patriotism br$ ( ! fight %\ld comb9e to 
r5d] ! populace ( ! ,fa!rl& m am5able to
 ! irresponsible rule ( ! ,imp]ial      
dyna/y & its subalt]n royal e/abli%m5ts1
 9 spite ( any slight effect ( a contr>y
 "* ex]cis$ by ! tra9+ 9 te*nological   
me?ods & 9 self-reliance1 ) :i* ?is     
discipl9e ( ! s]vice has be5 accompani$4
 ,z to ! case ( ! ,briti% population1 "u
 arms or "u compulsion ( necessity at   

home1 some?+ has already be5 said 9 an  
e>li] passage2 & mu* w app>5tly dep5d1 9
 _! case1 on ! fur!r duration ( ! w>4 ,!
 case ( ! o!r nationalities involv$1 bo?
 neutrals & bellig]5ts1 is ev5 m obscure
 9 ?is be>+1 b x is also ( less imm$iate
 consequ5ce = ! pres5t argum5t4         
99       99       99       99       99  
,! ess5tially feudal virtues ( loyalty &
 bellicose patriotism w\ld appe> to h   
ga9$ _! great asc5d5cy ov] all m5's _s  
)9 ! ,we/]n civilisation by =ce ( !     
peculi>ly consi/5t "* ( ! discipl9e (   
life "u feudal conditions1 :e!r 9 w> or 
peace2 & to ! same uni=mity ( ^! =ces t 
%ap$ ! workday habits ( ?\ght among !   
feudal nations is app>5tly due t pr(\nd 
in/itutionalisation ( ! preconceptions (
 patriotism & loyalty1 by =ce ( :i* ^!  
preconceptions /ill hold ! mod]n peoples
 9 an unbreakable web ( prejudice1 aft] 
! conditions favor+ _! acquirem5t h 9   
great "p ceas$ to op]ate4 ,^!           
preconceptions ( national solid>ity &   
int]national enmity h come d[n f ! pa/ z

 an integral "p ( ! unwritt5 con/itution
 und]ly+ all ^! mod]n nations1 ev5 ^?   
:i* h dep>t$ mo/ widely f ! mann] ( life
 to :i* ! peoples owe ^! anci5t         
preconceptions4 ,hi!rto1 or r until     
rec5t times1 ! workday exp]i5ce ( ^!    
peoples has n s]i\sly work$ at cross    
purposes ) ! patriotic _s & its bias (  
national animosity2 & :at discrepancy   
!re has effectively be5 betwe5 !        
discipl9e ( workday life & ! receiv$    
in/itutional preconceptions on ?is head1
 has hi!rto be5 ov]borne by ! unremitt+ 
inculcation ( ^! virtues by int]e/$     
politicians1 prie/s & publici/s1 :o     
speak habitually = ! receiv$ ord] ( ?+s4
  ,t ord] ( ?+s :i* is kn[n on its      
political & civil side z ! feudal sy/em1
 toge!r ) t era ( ! dyna/ic ,/ates :i*  
succe$s ! feudal age te*nically s call$1
 01 on its indu/rial or te*nological    
side1 a sy/em ( tra9$ man-p[] organis$  
on a plan ( subord9ation ( man to man4  
,on ! :ole1 ! s*eme & logic ( t life1   
:e!r 9 its political 7w>like7 or its    

indu/rial do+s1 :e!r 9 w> or peace1 runs
 on t]ms ( p]sonal capacity1 pr(ici5cy &
 relations4 ,! organisation ( ! =ces    
engag$ & ! con/ra9+ rules accord+ to :i*
 ?is organisation work$1 7 ( ! nature ( 
p]sonal relations1 & ! imp]sonal factors
 9 ! case 7 tak5 = grant$4 ,politics &  
w> 7 a field = p]sonal valor1 =ce &     
cunn+1 9 practical effect a field =     
p]sonal =ce & fraud4 ,indu/ry 0 a field 
9 :i* ! r\t9e ( life1 & its outcome1    
turn$ on ! skill1 dext]ity & judgm5t ( !
 individual workman1 9 ! words ( ,adam  
,smi?4  ,! feudal age pass$1 be+ done to
 dea? by h&icraft indu/ry1 comm]cial    
traffic1 gunp[d]1 & ! /ate-mak+         
politicians4 ,b ! political ,/ates ( !  
/atemak]s1 ! dyna/ic ,/ates z !y may    
well be call$1 cont9u$ ! conduct (      
political life on ! p]sonal plane (     
rivalry & jeal\sy betwe5 dyna/ies &     
betwe5 _! ,/ates2 & 9 spite ( gunp[d] & 
! new milit>y eng9e]+1 w>f>e cont9u$    
also to be1 9 ! ma9 & *>act]i/ically1 a 
field 9 :i* man-p[] & p]sonal qualities 

decid$ ! outcome1 by virtue ( p]sonal   
skill1 dext]ity & judgm5t4 ,meantime    
indu/ry & its te*nology by ins5sible    
degrees und]w5t a *ange 9 ! direction ( 
imp]sonalisation1 p>ticul>ly 9 ^?       
c\ntries 9 :i* /ate-mak+ & its w>like   
ent]prise _h ceas$1 or 7 ceas+1 to be ! 
*ief int]e/s & ! controll+ preconception
 ( ! p4  ,! logic ( ! new1 me*anical    
indu/ry :i* has supplant$ h&icraft 9 ^! 
c\ntries1 is a me*ani/ic logic1 :i*     
proce$s 9 t]ms ( matt]-(-fact /ra9s1    
masses1 velocities1 & ! l1 in/ead ( !   
skill1 dext]ity & judgm5t ( p]sonal     
ag5ts4 ,! new indu/ry does n disp5se ) !
 p]sonal ag5cies1 nor c x ev5 be said to
 m9imise ! ne$ ( skill1 dext]ity &      
judgm5t 9 ! p]sonal ag5ts employ$1 b x  
does take !m & _! attributes = grant$ z 
9 "s sort a =egone premise to its ma9   
argum5t4 ,! logic ( ! h&icraft sy/em    
took ! imp]sonal ag5cies = grant$2 !    
ma*9e indu/ry takes ! skill1 dext]ity & 
judgm5t ( ! workm5 = grant$4 ,!         
processes ( ?\ght1 & !re=e ! consi/5t   

habitual discipl9e1 ( ! =m] ran 9 t]ms (
 ! p]sonal ag5ts engag$1 & ( ! p]sonal  
relations ( discretion1 control &       
subord9ation necess>y to ! "w2 :]eas !  
me*ani/ic logic ( ! mod]n te*nology1 m &
 m consi/5tly1 runs 9 t]ms ( ! imp]sonal
 =ces engag$1 & inculcates an habitual  
pr$ilection = matt]-(-fact /atem5t1 & an
 habitual preconception t ! f9d+s (     
mat]ial sci5ce alone are conclusive4  ,9
 ^? nations t h made up ! advance gu>d (
 ,we/]n civilisation 9 its movem5t out (
 feudalism1 ! dis9tegrat+ effect ( ?is  
matt]-(-fact animus inculcat$ by ! lat] 
/ate ( ! indu/rial arts has app>5tly    
act$ effectively1 9 "s degree1 to       
discr$it ^? preconceptions ( p]sonal    
discrim9ation on :i* dyna/ic rule is    
f\nd$4 ,b 9 no case has ! discipl9e (   
?is me*ani/ic te*nology yet wr\ght its  
p]fect "w or come to a def9itive        
conclusion4 ,meantime w> & politics h on
 ! :ole cont9u$ on ! anci5t plane2 x may
 p]haps be fair to say t politics has s 
cont9u$ because w>like ent]prise has    

cont9u$ /ill to be a matt] ( su* p]sonal
 =ces z skill1 dext]ity & judgm5t1 valor
 & cunn+1 p]sonal =ce & fraud4 ,latt]ly1
 gradually1 b increas+ly1 ! te*nology ( 
w>1 too1 has be5 %ift+ to ! me*ani/ic   
plane2 until 9 ! late/ phases ( x1      
some:]e ab\t ! turn ( ! c5tury1 x is    
evid5t t ! logic ( w>f>e too has come to
 be ! same me*ani/ic logic t makes !    
mod]n /ate ( ! indu/rial arts4  ,:at1 if
 any?+1 is due by consequ5ce to ov]take 
! political /rategy & ! political       
preconceptions ( ! new c5tury1 is a "q t
 w obtrude itself1 ?\gh ) scant hope (  
f9d+ a ready answ]4 ,x may ev5 seem a   
ra%1 z well z an ungraceful1 und]tak+ to
 inquire into ! possible mann] & degree 
( prospective decay to :i* ! receiv$    
political ideals & virtues w\ld appe> to
 be expos$ by consequ5ce ( ?is d]angem5t
 ( ! anci5t discipl9e to :i* m5 h be5   
subject$4 ,s mu*1 h[ev]1 w\ld seem      
evid5t1 t ! receiv$ virtues & ideals (  
patriotic animosity & national jeal\sy c
 be/ be gu>d$ aga9/ untimely decay by   

resolutely hold+ to ! =mal obs]vance (  
all outworn punctilios ( national       
integrity & discrim9ation1 9 spite ( _! 
increas+ diss]viceability1--z w\ld be   
done1 e4g41 or at lea/ s\ght to be done1
 9 ! in/allation ( a league ( neutral   
nations to keep ! peace & at ! same "t  
to safegu>d ^? national int]e/s ^: only 
use is to divide ^! nations & keep !m 9 
a /ate ( mutual envy & di/ru/4          
99       99       99       99       99  
,^? peoples :o are subject to ! con/ra9+
 gov]nance ( ?is mod]n /ate ( !         
indu/rial arts1 z all mod]n peoples are 
9 mu* ! same measure 9 :i* !y are mod]n1
 are1 !re=e1 expos$ to a workday        
discipl9e runn+ at cross purposes ) !   
receiv$ law & ord] z x takes effect 9   
national affairs2 & to ?is is to be add$
 t1 ) w>like ent]prise also %ift$ to ?is
 same me*ani/ic-te*nological gr\nd1 w> c
 no long] be c\nt$ on s confid5tly z    
be=e to correct all ! consequ5t drift   
away f ! anci5t l&m>ks ( dyna/ic1       
pseudo-dyna/ic1 & national ent]prise 9  

dom9ion4  ,z has be5 not$ above1 mod]n  
w>f>e n only makes use (1 & inde$ dep5ds
 on1 ! mod]n indu/rial te*nology at e   
turn ( ! op]ations 9 ! field1 b x draws 
on ! ord9>y indu/rial res\rces ( !      
c\ntries at w> 9 a degree & ) an urg5cy 
nev] equall$4 ,no nation c hope to make 
a /& 9 mod]n w>f>e1 mu* less to make    
headway 9 w>like ent]prise1 )\t ! mo/   
?or\ghgo+ exploitation ( ! mod]n        
indu/rial arts4 ,:i* signifies = !      
purpose 9 h& t any ,p[] t h>bors an     
imp]ial ambition mu/ take measures to   
let its und]ly+ population acquire !    
ways & means ( ! mod]n ma*9e indu/ry1   
)\t res]vation2 :i* 9 turn signifies t  
popul> education mu/ be tak5 c>e ( to   
su* an ext5t z may be s]viceable 9 ?is  
mann] ( indu/ry & 9 ! mann] ( life :i*  
?is indu/rial sy/em necess>ily imposes2 
:i* signifies1 ( c\rse1 t only !        
?or\ghly tra9$ & ?or\ghly educat$       
nations h a *ance ( hold+ _! place z    
=midable ,p[]s 9 ?is latt]day phase (   
civilisation4 ,:at is ne$$ is ! tra9+ & 

education t g to make pr(ici5cy 9 !     
mod]n fa%ion ( te*nology & 9 ^? mat]ial 
sci5ces t conduce to te*nological       
pr(ici5cy ( ?is mod]n ord]4 ,x is a     
matt] ( c\rse t 9 ^! premises any       
appreciable illit]acy is an intol]able  
h&icap4 ,s is also any tra9+ :i*        
disc\rages habitual self-reliance &     
initiative1 or :i* acts z a *eck on     
skepticism2 = ! skeptical frame ( m9d is
 a necess>y "p ( ! intellectual equipm5t
 t makes = advance1 inv5tion & und]/&+ 9
 ! field ( te*nological pr(ici5cy4  ,b  
^! requirem5ts1 imp]atively necess>y z a
 condition ( w>like success1 are at     
cross purposes ) t unque/ion+ respect ( 
p]sons & t _s ( abnegation t alone c    
hold a p to ! political in/itutions ( ! 
old ord] & make !m a will+ in/rum5t 9 ! 
h&s ( ! dyna/ic /atesm54 ,! dyna/ic     
,/ate is app>5tly caught 9 a dilemma4 ,!
 necess>y prep>ation = w>like ent]prise 
on ! mod]n plan c app>5tly be c\nt$ on1 
9 ! long run1 to dis9tegrate !          
f\ndations ( ! dyna/ic ,/ate4 ,b x is   

only 9 ! long run t ?is effect c be     
c\nt$ on2 & x is p]haps n securely to be
 c\nt$ on ev5 9 a mod]ately long run (  
?+s z !y h run hi!rto1 if due           
precautions are tak5 by ! int]e/$       
/atesm51--z w\ld seem to be indicat$ by 
! successful cons]vation ( ar*aic traits
 9 ! ,g]man peoples dur+ ! pa/ half     
c5tury "u ! ar*ais+ rule ( !            
,hoh5zoll]n4 ,x is a matt] (            
habituation1 :i* takes "t1 & :i* c at ! 
same "t be neutralis$ 9 "s degree by    
indoctr9ation4  ,/ill1 :5 all is told1 x
 w probably h to be conc$$ t1 e4g41 su* 
a nation z ,russia w fall "u ?is rule ( 
inh]5t disability impos$ by ! necess>y  
use ( ! mod]n indu/rial arts4 ,)\t a    
fairly full & free comm& ( ^! mod]n     
indu/rial me?ods on ! "p ( ! ,russian p1
 toge!r ) ! virtual disappe>ance (      
illit]acy1 & ) ! facile & f>-rea*+ sy/em
 ( communication :i* x all involves1 !  
,russian ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t w\ld n be a
 =midable p[] or a s]i\s m5ace to !     
pacific nations2 & x is n easy to imag9e

 h[ ! ,imp]ial e/abli%m5t c\ld reta9 its
 hold & its "* "u ! conditions indicat$4
  ,! case ( ,japan1 tak5 by itself1 re/s
 on some:at simil> l9es z ^! o!rs4 ,9   
"t1 & 9 ?is case ! "t-all[ance %\ld     
presumably n be any?+ v l>ge1 !         
,japanese p are likely to get an        
adequate comm& ( ! mod]n te*nology2 :i* 
w\ld1 "h z else:]e1 involve ! virtual   
disappe>ance ( ! pres5t high illit]acy1 
& ! loss1 9 "s passable measure1 ( !    
curr5t sup]/iti\sly crass nationalism ( 
t p4 ,!re are indications t some?+ ( t  
k9d1 & ( q disquiet+ dim5sions1 is      
already "u way2 ?\gh ) no indication t  
any consequ5t dis9tegrat+ habits ( ?\ght
 h yet invad$ ! sacr$ close ( ,japanese 
patriotic devotion4  ,aga91 x is a "q ( 
"t & habituation4 ,) "t & habituation ! 
emp]or may ins5sibly cease to be ( div9e
 p$igree1 & ! syndicate ( /atesm5 :o are
 do+ bus9ess "u 8 signature may         
consequ5tly f9d _! measures ( ,imp]ial  
expansion que/ion$ by ! p :o pay !      
bills4 ,b s long z ! ,imp]ial syndicate 

enjoy _! pres5t immunity f outside      
ob/ruction1 & c accord+ly c>ry on an    
un9t]rupt$ campaign ( cumulative        
pr$ation 9 ,korea1 ,*9a & ,man*uria1 !  
patriotic infatuation is less likely to 
fall (f1 & by s mu* ! decay ( ,japanese 
loyalty w be ret>d$4 ,yet1 ev5 if all[$ 
any?+ t may seem at all probable 9 ! way
 ( a free h& = aggression aga9/ _!      
hapless neighb\rs1 ! skepticism &       
insubord9ation to p]sonal rule t seems  
insep>able 9 ! long run f addiction to !
 mod]n indu/rial arts %\ld be expect$   
pres5tly to ov]take ! ,japanese _s (    
loyal s]vitude4 ,& ! opportunity (      
,imp]ial ,japan lies 9 ! int]val4 ,s    
also does ! m5ace ( ,imp]ial ,japan z a 
presumptive di/urb] ( ! peace at l>ge4  
99       99       99       99       99  
,at ! co/ ( "s unavoidable t$ium1 !     
argum5t z reg>ds ^! & simil> in/ances   
may be summ>is$4 ,x appe>s1 9 !         
7possibly d\btful7 light ( ! hi/ory (   
democratic in/itutions & ( mod]n        
te*nology hi!rto1 z also f ! logical "* 

( ?is te*nology & its und]ly+ mat]ial   
sci5ces1 t consi/5t addiction to !      
peculi> habits ( ?\ght involv$ 9 its    
c>ry+ on w pres5tly induce a decay ( ^? 
preconceptions 9 :i* dyna/ic gov]nm5t & 
national ambitions h _! gr\nd4 ,cont9u$ 
addiction to ?is mod]n s*eme ( indu/rial
 life %\ld 9 "t ev5tuate 9 a decay (    
militant nationalism1 ) a consequ5t     
lapse ( w>like ent]prise4 ,at ! same "t1
 popul> pr(ici5cy 9 ! mod]n indu/rial   
arts1 ) all t t implies 9 ! way (       
intellig5ce & in=mation1 is indisp5sable
 z a means to any successful w>like     
ent]prise on ! mod]n plan4 ,! m5ace (   
w>like aggression f su* dyna/ic ,/ates1 
e4g41 z ,imp]ial ,g]many & ,imp]ial     
,japan is due to _! hav+ acquir$ a      
compet5t use ( ?is mod]n te*nology1 :ile
 !y h n yet _h "t to lose t _s ( dyna/ic
 loyalty :i* !y h c>ri$ ov] f an ar*aic 
ord] ( ?+s1 out ( :i* !y h em]g$ at a v 
appreciably lat] p]iod 7la/ half ( !    
n9ete5? c5tury7 ?an ^? democratic       
peoples ^: peace !y n[ m5ace4 ,z has be5

 said1 !y h tak5 ov] ?is mod]n /ate ( ! 
indu/rial arts )\t hav+ yet come 9 = !  
defects ( its qualities4 ,?is mod]n     
te*nology1 ) its und]ly+ mat]ial        
sci5ces1 is a novel factor 9 ! hi/ory ( 
human culture1 9 t addiction to its use 
conduces to ! decay ( militant          
patriotism1 at ! same "t t its employm5t
 s greatly enhances ! w>like effici5cy (
 ev5 a pacific p1 at ne$1 t !y c n be   
s]i\sly mole/$ by any o!r peoples1 h[ev]
 valor\s & num]\s1 :o h n a compet5t use
 ( ?is te*nology4 ,a peace at l>ge among
 ! civilis$ nations1 by loss ( !        
militant temp] ?r\gh addiction to ?is   
mann] ( arts ( peace1 !re=e1 c>ries no  
risk ( int]ruption by an inroad ( w>like
 b>b>ians1--always provid$ t ^? exi/+   
ar*aic peoples :o might pass mu/] z     
b>b>ians are br\ght into l9e ) ! pacific
 nations on a foot+ ( peace & equality4 
,! disp>ity 9 po9t ( outlook z betwe5 ! 
result+ peace at l>ge by neglect (      
bootless animosities1 on ! "o h&1 & ^?  
hi/oric in/ances ( a peaceable          

civilisation t h be5 ov]:elm$ by w>like 
b>b>ian invasions1 on ! o!r h&1 %\ld be 
evid5t4         99       99       99    
99       99  ,x is always possible1     
inde$ x w\ld sc>cely be surpris+ to f9d1
 t ! project$ league ( neutrals or (    
nations b5t on peace c n be br\ght to   
realisation at ?is juncture2 p]haps n = 
a long "t yet4 ,b x %\ld at ! same "t   
seem reasonable to expect t ! drift t[>d
 a peaceable settlem5t ( national       
discrepancies su* z has be5 visible 9   
hi/ory = "s appreciable "t pa/ w1 9 !   
abs5ce ( un=ese5 h9drances1 "w out to "s
 su* effect 9 ! c\rse ( fur!r exp]i5ce  
"u mod]n conditions4 ,& :e!r ! project$ 
peace compact at its inception takes "o 
=m or ano!r1 provid$ x succe$s 9 its ma9
 purpose1 ! long-t]m drift ( ?+s "u its 
rule %\ld logically set t[>d "s ult]ior 
settlem5t ( ! g5]al "* ( :at has "h be5 
spok5 ( z a peace by neglect or by      
neutralisation ( discrepancies4  ,x %\ld
 d s1 9 ! abs5ce ( un=ese5 cont+5cies2 m
 p>ticul>ly if !re 7 no effectual factor

 ( diss5sion includ$ 9 ! fabric (       
in/itutions )9 ! nation4 ,b !re %\ld    
also1 e4g41 be no difficulty 9 ass5t+ to
 ! =eca/ t :5 & if national peace &     
security are a*iev$ & settl$ beyond     
recall1 ! discrepancy 9 fact betwe5 ^?  
:o own ! c\ntry's weal? & ^? :o d n is  
pres5tly due to come to an issue4 ,any  
attempt to =eca/ ! =m :i* ?is issue is  
to take1 or ! mann]1 incid5ts1 adjuncts 
& sequelae ( its det]m9ation1 w\ld be a 
bold] & a m ambigu\s1 und]tak+4 ,hi!rto 
attempts to br+ ?is "q to an issue h run
 agr\nd on ! real or fanci$ jeop>dy to  
p>am\nt national int]e/s4 ,h[1 if at    
all1 ?is issue might affect national    
int]e/s & int]national relations1 w\ld  
obvi\sly dep5d 9 ! fir/ in/ance on !    
/ate ( ! giv5 national e/abli%m5t & ! "*
 ( ! int]national engagem5ts ent]$ into 
9 ! =mation ( ?is project$ pacific      
league4 ,x is always conceivable t !    
transactions involv+ s ubiquit\s an     
issue might come to take on an          
int]national "* & t !y might t\* !      

actual or fanciful int]e/s ( ^! div]se  
nations ) su* div]g5t effect z to br+ on
 a rupture ( ! common und]/&+ betwe5 !m 
& ( ! peace-compact 9 :i* ! common      
und]/&+ is embodi$4         99       99 
99       99       99  ,9 ! beg9n+1 t is 
to say 9 ! beg9n+s out ( :i* ?is mod]n  
era ( ! ,we/]n civilisation has aris51 )
 its s*eme ( law & cu/om1 !re grew into 
! s*eme ( law & cu/om1 by settl$ usage1 
a "r ( own]%ip & ( contract 9 disposal (
 own]%ip1--:i* may or may n h be5 a     
salut>y in/itutional arrangem5t on !    
:ole1 "u ! circum/ances ( ! e>ly days4  
,) ! lat] gr[? ( h&icraft & ! petty     
trade 9 ,we/]n ,europe ?is "r ( own]%ip 
& contract came to be insi/$ on1 /&>dis$
 "u legal specifications1 & secur$ aga9/
 mole/ation by ! gov]nm5tal int]e/s2 m  
p>ticul>ly & scrupul\sly among ^?       
peoples t h tak5 ! lead 9 work+ out t   
sy/em ( free or popul> in/itutions t    
m>ks ! mod]n civilis$ nations4 ,s x has 
come to be embodi$ 9 ! common law ( !   
mod]n _w z an inviolable natural "r4 ,x 

has all ! prescriptive =ce ( legally    
au!nticat$ immemorial cu/om4  ,"u !     
sy/em ( h&icraft & petty trade ?is "r ( 
prop]ty & free contract s]v$ ! int]e/ ( 
! common man1 at lea/ 9 mu* ( its       
incid5ce1 & act$ 9 its degree to %elt]  
indu/ri\s & economical p]sons f h>d%ip &
 indignity at ! h&s ( _! bett]s4 ,!re   
seems reason to believe1 z is commonly  
believ$1 t s long z t relatively direct 
& simple s*eme ( indu/ry & trade la/$1 !
 "r ( own]%ip & contract 0 a salut>y    
cu/om1 9 its be>+ on ! =tunes ( ! common
 man4 ,x appe>s also1 on ! :ole1 to h   
be5 favorable to ! full] developm5t ( ! 
h&icraft te*nology1 z well z to its     
ev5tual outgr[? into ! new l9e (        
te*nological exp$i5ts & contrivances t  
pres5tly gave rise to ! ma*9e indu/ry & 
! l>ge-scale bus9ess ent]prise4  ,! /&>d
 !ories ( economic sci5ce h assum$ !    
rights ( prop]ty & contract z axiomatic 
premises & ultimate t]ms ( analysis2 &  
_! !ories are commonly drawn 9 su* a =m 
z w\ld fit ! circum/ances ( ! h&icraft  

indu/ry & ! petty trade1 & su* z c be   
ext5d$ to any o!r economic situation by 
%rewd int]pretation4 ,^! !ories1 z !y   
run f ,adam ,smi? d[n ?r\gh ! n9ete5?   
c5tury & lat]1 appe> t5able1 on ! :ole1 
:5 tak5 to apply to ! economic situation
 ( t e>li] "t1 9 virtually all t !y h to
 say on que/ions ( wages1 capital1      
sav+s1 & ! economy & effici5cy (        
managem5t & production by ! me?ods (    
private ent]prise re/+ on ^! rights (   
own]%ip & contract & gov]n$ by ! pursuit
 ( private ga94 ,x is :5 ^! /&>d !ories 
are s\ght to be appli$ to ! lat]        
situation1 :i* has outgr[n ! conditions 
( h&icraft1 t !y appe> nugatory or      
m]etrici\s4 ,! competitive sy/em :i* ^! 
/&>d !ories assume z a necess>y         
condition ( _! own validity1 & ab\t :i* 
!y are design$ to =m a def5sive h$ge1   
w\ld1 "u ^? e>li] conditions (          
small-scale ent]prise & p]sonal contact1
 appe> to h be5 bo? a passably valid    
assumption z a premise & a passably     
exp$i5t s*eme ( economic relations &    

traffic4 ,at t p]iod ( its life-hi/ory x
 c n be said consi/5tly to h work$      
h>d%ip to ! common man2 r ! rev]se4 ,& !
 common man 9 t "t appe>s to h _h no    
misgiv+s ab\t ! excell5ce ( ! s*eme or (
 t article ( ,natural ,rights t und]lies
 x4  ,?is complexion ( ?+s1 z t\*es !   
effectual be>+ ( ! in/itution ( prop]ty 
& ! anci5t cu/om>y rights ( own]%ip1 has
 *ang$ sub/antially s9ce ! "t ( ,adam   
,smi?4 ,! competitive sy/em1 :i* he     
look$ to z ! economic work+-out ( t     
simple & obvi\s sy/em ( natural lib]ty t
 always engag$ 8 be/ affections1 has 9  
great measure ceas$ to op]ate z a r\t9e 
( natural lib]ty1 9 fact2 p>ticul>ly 9 s
 f> z t\*es ! =tunes ( ! common man1 !  
impecuni\s mass ( ! p4 ,de jure1 (      
c\rse1 ! competitive sy/em & its        
inviolable rights ( own]%ip are a       
citadel ( ,natural ,lib]ty2 b de facto !
 common man is n[1 & has = "s "t be51   
feel+ ! p9* ( x4 ,x is law1 & d\btless x
 is good law1 gr\nd$ 9 immemorial usage 
& au!nticat$ ) /atute & prec$5t4 ,b     

circum/ances h s *ang$ t ?is good old   
plan has 9 a degree become ar*aic1      
p]haps unpr(itable1 or ev5 mis*iev\s1 on
 ! :ole1 & especially z t\*es !         
conditions ( life = ! common man4 ,at   
lea/1 s ! common man 9 ^! mod]n         
democratic & comm]cial c\ntries is      
beg9n+ to appreh5d ! matt]4  ,"s slight 
& summ>y *>act]isation ( ^! *ang+       
circum/ances t h affect$ ! incid5ce ( ! 
rights ( prop]ty dur+ mod]n times may1  
!re=e1 n be out ( place2 ) a view to    
see+ h[ f> & :y ^! rights may be due to 
come "u advisem5t & possible revision1 9
 case a /ate ( settl$ peace %\ld leave  
m5's att5tion free to turn to ^!        
int]nal1 z contra/$ ) national int]e/s4 
,"u t ord] ( h&icraft & petty trade t l$
 to ! /&>disation ( ^! rights ( own]%ip 
9 ! acc5tuat$ =m :i* belongs to !m 9    
mod]n law & cu/om1 ! common man _h a    
practicable *ance ( free initiative &   
self-direction 9 8 *oice & pursuit ( an 
occupation & a livelihood1 9 s f> z     
rights ( own]%ip bore on 8 case4 ,at t  

p]iod ! workman 0 ! ma9 factor 9 indu/ry
 &1 9 ! ma9 & *>act]i/ically1 ! "q ( 8  
employm5t 0 a "q ( :at he w\ld d4 ,!    
mat]ial equipm5t ( indu/ry--! plant1 z x
 has come to be call$--0 subject (      
own]%ip1 !n z n[2 b x 0 !n a second>y   
factor &1 notori\sly1 subsidi>y to !    
immat]ial equipm5t ( skill1 dext]ity &  
judgm5t embodi$ 9 ! p]son ( ! craftsman4
 ,! body ( in=mation1 or g5]al k1       
requisite to a workmanlike pr(ici5cy z  
h&icraftsman 0 suffici5tly slight &     
simple to fall )9 ! ord9>y rea* ( !     
work+ class1 )\t special s*ool+2 & !    
mat]ial equipm5t necess>y to ! "w1 9 !  
way ( tools & appliances1 0 also slight 
en\gh1 ord9>ily1 to br+ x )9 ! rea* ( ! 
common man4 ,! /ress fell on !          
acquirem5t ( t special p]sonal skill1   
dext]ity & judgm5t t w\ld con/itute !   
workman a ma/] ( 8 craft4 ,giv5 a       
reasonable measure ( p]t9acity1 ! common
 man w\ld be able to compass ! mat]ial  
equipm5t ne$ful to ! pursuit ( 8 craft1 
& s c\ld make 8 way to a livelihood2 & !

 inviolable "r ( own]%ip w\ld !n s]ve to
 secure him ! product ( 8 own indu/ry1 9
 provision = 8 own old-age & = a fair   
/>t 9 behalf ( 8 *ildr54 ,at lea/ 9 !   
popul> conception1 & presumably 9 "s    
degree also 9 fact1 ! "r ( prop]ty s    
s]v$ z a gu>antee ( p]sonal lib]ty & a  
basis ( equality4 ,& s its apologi/s    
/ill look on ! in/itution4  ,9 a v      
appreciable degree ?is complexion ( ?+s 
& ( popul> conceptions has *ang$ s9ce   
!n2 al?\gh1 z w\ld be expect$1 ! *ange 9
 popul> conceptions has n kept pace ) ! 
*ang+ circum/ances4 ,9 all ! *>act]i/ic 
& controll+ l9es ( indu/ry ! mod]n ma*9e
 te*nology calls = a v consid]able      
mat]ial equipm5t2 s l>ge an equipm5t1   
inde$1 t ?is plant1 z x is call$1 always
 repres5ts a =midable am\nt ( inve/$    
weal?2 & also s l>ge t x w1 typically1  
employ a consid]able numb] ( workm5 p]  
unit ( plant4 ,on ! transition to !     
ma*9e te*nology ! plant became ! unit ( 
op]ation1 in/ead ( ! workman1 z _h      
previ\sly be5 ! case2 & ) ! fur!r       

developm5t ( ?is mod]n te*nology1 dur+ !
 pa/ hundr$ & fifty ye>s or s1 ! unit ( 
op]ation & control has increas+ly come  
to be n ! individual or isolat$ plant b 
r an articulat$ gr\p ( su* plants work+ 
toge!r z a balanc$ sy/em & keep+ pace 9 
common1 "u a collective bus9ess         
managem5t2 & co9cid5tly ! individual    
workman has be5 fall+ into ! position ( 
an auxili>y factor1 ne>ly into t ( an   
article ( supply1 to be *>g$ up z an    
item ( op]at+ exp5ses4 ,"u ?is lat] &   
curr5t sy/em1 discretion & initiative   
ve/ n 9 ! workman b 9 ! own]s ( ! plant1
 if any:]e4 ,s t at ?is po9t ! "r (     
own]%ip has ceas$ to be1 9 fact1 a      
gu>antee ( p]sonal lib]ty to ! common   
man1 & has come to be1 or is com+ to be1
 a gu>antee ( dep5d5ce4 ,all ( :i*      
eng5d]s a feel+ ( unre/ & insecurity1   
su* z to in/ill a d\bt 9 ! m9d ( !      
common man z to ! cont9u$ exp$i5cy ( ?is
 arrangem5t & ( ! prescriptive rights ( 
prop]ty on :i* ! arrangem5t re/s4  ,!re 
is also an insidi\s sugge/ion1 c>ry+ a  

s9i/] note ( discr$it1 t comes 9 f      
e?nological sci5ce at ?is po9t2 :i* is  
adapt$ /ill fur!r to d]ange ! common    
man's fai? 9 ?is receiv$ in/itution (   
own]%ip & its control ( ! mat]ial       
equipm5t ( indu/ry4 ,to /ud5ts int]e/$ 9
 human culture x is a matt] ( c\rse t   
?is mat]ial equipm5t is a means (       
utilis+ ! /ate ( ! indu/rial arts2 t x  
is useful 9 indu/ry & pr(itable to its  
own]s only because & 9 s f> z x is a    
creation ( ! curr5t te*nological k &    
enables its own] to appropriate !       
usufruct ( ! curr5t indu/rial arts4 ,x  
is likewise a matt] ( c\rse t ?is       
te*nological k1 t s enables ! mat]ial   
equipm5t to s]ve ! purposes ( production
 & ( private ga91 is a free gift ( !    
community at l>ge to ! own]s ( indu/rial
 plant2 &1 "u latt]day conditions1 to !m
 exclusively4 ,! /ate ( ! indu/rial arts
 is a jo9t h]itage ( ! community at     
l>ge1 b :]e1 z 9 ! mod]n c\ntries1 ! "w 
to be done by ?is te*nology requires a  
l>ge mat]ial equipm5t1 ! usufruct ( ?is 

jo9t h]itage passes1 9 effect1 into !   
h&s ( ! own]s ( ?is l>ge mat]ial        
equipm5t4  ,^! own]s h1 ord9>ily1       
contribut$ no?+ to ! te*nology1 ! /ate (
 ! indu/rial arts1 f :i* _! control ( ! 
mat]ial equipm5t ( indu/ry enables !m to
 d]ive a ga94 ,inde$1 no class or       
condition ( m5 9 ! mod]n community--) ! 
possible exception ( politicians & !    
cl]gy--c conceivably contribute less to 
! community's /ore ( te*nological k ?an 
! l>ge own]s ( inve/$ weal?4 ,by "o ( ^?
 s+ul> inv]sions due to production be+  
manag$ = private ga91 x happ5s t ^!     
inve/ors are n only n giv5 to ! increase
 & diffusion ( te*nological k1 b !y h a 
well-advis$ int]e/ 9 ret>d+ or defeat+  
improvem5ts 9 ! indu/rial arts 9 detail4
 ,improvem5ts1 innovations t height5    
productive effici5cy 9 ! g5]al l9e (    
production 9 :i* a giv5 inve/m5t is     
plac$1 are commonly to be c\nt$ on to   
br+ obsolesc5ce by sup]session to !     
plant already engag$ 9 t l9e2 & !re=e to
 br+ a decl9e 9 its income-yield+       

capacity1 & s 9 its capital or inve/m5t 
value4  ,inve/$ capital yields income   
because x enjoys ! usufruct ( !         
community's te*nological k2 x has an    
effectual monopoly ( ?is usufruct       
because ?is ma*9e te*nology requires    
l>ge mat]ial appliances ) :i* to d its  
"w2 ! int]e/ ( ! own]s ( e/abli%$       
indu/rial plant w n tol]ate innovations 
design$ to sup]s$e ^! appliances4 ,!    
be>+ ( own]%ip on indu/ry & on ! =tunes 
( ! common man is accord+ly1 9 ! ma91 ! 
be>+ :i* x has by virtue ( its monopoly 
control ( ! indu/rial arts1 & its       
consequ5t control ( ! conditions (      
employm5t & ( ! supply ( v5dible        
products4 ,x takes effect *iefly by     
inhibition & privation2 /oppage (       
production 9 case x br+s no suitable    
pr(it to ! inve/or1 refusal ( employm5t 
& ( a livelihood to ! workm5 9 case _!  
product does n comm& a pr(itable price 9
 ! m>ket4  ,! exp$i5cy ( s hav+ !       
nation's indu/ry manag$ on a foot+ (    
private own]%ip 9 ! pursuit ( private   

ga91 by p]sons :o c %[ no equitable     
p]sonal claim to ev5 ! mo/ mode/        
livelihood1 & ^: habitual me?od (       
controll+ indu/ry is sabotage--refusal  
to let production g on except x af=ds !m
 an une>n$ income--! exp$i5cy ( all ?is 
is com+ to be d\bt$ by ^? :o h to pay ! 
co/ ( x4 ,& x does n g f> to less5 _!   
d\bts to f9d t ! co/ :i* !y pay is      
commonly turn$ to no m urg5t or useful  
purpose ?an a conspicu\sly wa/eful      
consumption ( sup]fluities by ! capta9s 
( sabotage & _! dome/ic e/abli%m5ts4    
,?is may n seem a v]aci\s & adequate    
acc\nt ( ^! matt]s2 x may1 9 effect1    
fall %ort ( ! =mulation3 ,! tru?1 ! :ole
 tru?1 & no?+ b ! tru?2 nor does ! "q "h
 turn on its adequacy z a /atem5t (     
fact4 ,)\t prejudice to ! "q ( its      
v]acity & adequacy1 x is believ$ to be  
su* an acc\nt ( ^! matt]s z w increas+ly
 come easy & seem conv9c+ to ! common   
man :o1 9 an ev] increas+ degree1 f9ds  
himself p9*$ ) privation & insecurity by
 a run ( facts :i* w consi/5tly be> ?is 

con/ruction1 & :o p]=ce sees ^! facts f 
! prejudic$ /&po9t ( a los]4 ,to su* a  
"o1 !re is reason to believe1 ! view s  
outl9$ w seem all ! m conv9c+ ! m       
att5tively ! p]t95t facts & _! be>+ on 8
 =tunes are consid]$4 ,h[ f> ! contr>y  
prejudice ( ^? ^: int]e/ or tra9+       
incl9es !m ! o!r way may lead !m to a   
diff]5t con/ruction ( ^! p]t95t facts1  
does n conc]n ! pres5t argum5t2 :i* has 
to d ) ?is run ( facts only z !y be> on 
! prospective frame ( m9d ( t unble/    
mass ( ! population :o w h opportunity  
to pres5t _! proposals :5 peace at l>ge 
%all h put national int]e/s out ( _!    
pref]5tial place 9 m5's reg>d4  ,at !   
risk ( :at may seem an excessively wide 
digression1 !re is some?+ fur!r to be   
said ( ! capitali/ic sabotage spok5 (   
above4 ,! ^w has by usage come to h an  
altoge!r ungraceful air ( disapproval4  
,yet x signifies no?+ m vici\s ?an a    
delib]ate ob/ruction or ret>dation (    
indu/ry1 usually by legitimate means1 = 
! sake ( "s p]sonal or p>tisan          

advantage4 ,?is morally colorless mean+ 
is all t is int5d$ 9 its use "h4 ,x is  
extremely common 9 all indu/ry t is     
design$ to supply m]*antable goods = !  
m>ket4 ,x is1 9 fact1 ! mo/ ord9>y &    
ubiquit\s ( all exp$i5ts 9 bus9ess      
ent]prise t has to d ) supply+ ! m>ket1 
be+ always pres5t 9 ! bus9essman's      
necess>y calculations2 be+ n only a     
usual & conv5i5t rec\rse b q            
indisp5sable z an habitual measure (    
bus9ess sagacity4 ,s t no p]sonal blame 
c atta* to its employm5t by any giv5    
bus9essman or bus9ess conc]n4 ,x is only
 :5 measures ( ?is nature are resort$ to
 by employees1 to ga9 "s end ( _! own1 t
 su* conduct becomes 7te*nically7       
repreh5sible4  ,any bus9esslike         
managem5t ( indu/ry is c>ri$ on = ga91  
:i* is to be got only on condition (    
meet+ ! t]ms ( ! m>ket4 ,! price sy/em  
"u :i* indu/rial bus9ess is c>ri$ on w n
 tol]ate production 9 excess ( ! m>ket  
dem&1 or )\t due reg>d to ! exp5ses (   
production z det]m9$ by ! m>ket on !    

side ( ! supplies requir$4 ,h5ce any    
bus9ess conc]n mu/ adju/ its op]ations1 
by due accel]ation1 ret>dation or       
/oppage1 to ! m>ket conditions1 ) a view
 to :at ! traffic w be>2 t is to say1 ) 
a view to :at w yield ! l>ge/ obta9able 
net ga94 ,s long z ! price sy/em rules1 
t is to say s long z indu/ry is manag$  
on inve/m5t = a pr(it1 !re is no escap+ 
?is necessity ( adju/+ ! processes (    
indu/ry to ! requirem5ts ( a remun]ative
 price2 & ?is adju/m5t c be tak5 c>e (  
only by well-advis$ accel]ation or      
curtailm5t ( ! processes ( indu/ry2 :i* 
answ]s to ! def9ition ( sabotage4 ,wise 
bus9ess managem5t1 & m p>ticul>ly :at is
 spok5 ( z safe & sane bus9ess          
managem5t1 !re=e1 r$uces itself 9 ! ma9 
to a sagaci\s use ( sabotage2 t is to   
say a sagaci\s limitation ( productive  
processes to some?+ less ?an !          
productive capacity ( ! means 9 h&4     
99       99       99       99       99  
,to anyone :o is incl9$ to see ^! matt]s
 ( usage 9 ! light ( _! hi/ory & to     

appraise !m z ph5om5a ( habituation1    
adaptation & sup]session 9 ! sequ5ce (  
cultural prolif]ation1 !re %\ld be no   
difficulty 9 appreciat+ t ?is in/itution
 ( own]%ip t makes ! core ( ! mod]n     
in/itutional /ructure is a precipitate (
 cu/om1 l any o!r item ( use & wont2 &  
t1 l any o!r article ( in/itutional     
furniture1 x is subject to ! cont+5cies 
( sup]session & obsolesc5ce4 ,if        
preval5t habits ( ?\ght1 en=c$ by !     
preval5t exig5cies ( life & livelihood1 
come to *ange 9 su* a way z to make life
 "u ! rule impos$ by ?is in/itution seem
 irksome1 or intol]able1 to ! mass ( !  
population2 & if at ! same "t ?+s turn 9
 su* a way z to leave no o!r & m urg5t  
int]e/ or exig5cy to take prec$5ce ( ?is
 "o & h9d] its be+ pu%$ to an issue2 !n 
x %\ld reasonably foll[ t cont5tion is  
due to arise betwe5 ! unble/ mass on ^: 
life x is a burd5 & ! classes :o live by
 x4 ,b x is1 ( c\rse1 impossible to /ate
 be=eh& :at w be ! precise l9e (        
cleavage or :at =m ! division betwe5 !  

two p>ties 9 int]e/ w take4 ,yet x is   
conta9$ 9 ! premises t1 b>r+ un=ese5    
cont+5cies ( a =midable magnitude1 su* a
 cleavage is due to foll[ z a logical   
sequel ( an endur+ peace at l>ge4 ,& x  
is also well )9 ! possibilities ( ! case
 t ?is issue may "w into an int]ruption 
or disruption ( ! peace betwe5 !        
nations4  ,9 ?is connection x may be    
call$ to m9d t ! exi/+ gov]nm5tal       
e/abli%m5ts 9 ^! pacific nations are1 9 
all cases1 9 ! h&s ( ! b5efici>y1 or    
kept classes1--b5efici>ies 9 ! s5se 9   
:i* a di/9ction to t effect comes into !
 premises ( ! case at ?is po9t4 ,!      
responsible (ficials & _! *ief          
adm9i/rative (fic]s1--s mu* z may at all
 reasonably be call$ ! ,gov]nm5t or !   
,adm9i/ration1--are q inv>iably &       
*>act]i/ically drawn f ^! b5efici>y     
classes2 nobles1 g5tlem51 or bus9ess m51
 :i* all comes to ! same ?+ = ! purpose 
9 h&2 ! po9t ( x all be+ t ! common man 
does n come )9 ^! prec9cts & does n %>e 
9 ^! c\nsels t assume to guide ! de/9y (

 ! nations4  ,( c\rse1 sporadically &   
ephem]ally1 a man out ( ! impecuni\s &  
undi/+ui%$ mass may n[ & aga9 f9d 8 way 
)9 ! gates2 & m frequ5tly w a pr(ess$   
,man ( ! ,p sit 9 c\ncil4 ,b t ! rule   
holds unbrok5 & inviolable is           
suffici5tly evid5t 9 ! fact t no        
community w let ! emolum5ts ( (fice =   
any ( its responsible (ficials1 ev5 = ^?
 ( a v scant responsibility1 fall to !  
level ( ! habitual livelihood ( !       
undi/+ui%$ populace1 or inde$ to fall   
bel[ :at is e/eem$ to be a seemly income
 = a g5tleman4 ,%\ld su* an impecuni\s  
"o be ?r[n up into a place ( discretion 
9 ! gov]nm5t1 he w =?) cease to be a    
common man & w be induct$ into ! rank ( 
g5tleman1--s f> z t feat c be a*iev$ by 
tak+ ?\ght or by assign+ him an income  
adequate to a reputably exp5sive mann] (
 life4 ,s obvi\s is ! antagonism betwe5 
a vulg> /ation 9 life & a position (    
(ficial tru/1 t _m a selfmade man has   
advis$ly tak5 rec\rse to gov]nm5tal     
position1 (t5 at "s appreciable co/1 f  

no app>5t motive o!r ?an its kn[n       
efficacy z a ,levitical corrective = a  
humble orig94 ,& 9 po9t ( fact1 nei!r "h
 nor !re h ! und]br$ majority hi!rto    
le>n$ to tru/ "o ( _! own k9d )         
gov]nm5tal discretion2 :i* has nev] yet1
 9 ! popul> conviction1 ceas$ to be a   
p]quisite ( ! g5tly-br$ & ! well-to-d4  
,let x be presum$ t ?is /ate ( ?+s w    
cont9ue )\t sub/antial alt]ation1 s f> z
 reg>ds ! complexion ( ! gov]nm5tal     
e/abli%m5ts ( ^! pacific nations1 & )   
su* all[ance = ov]/atem5t 9 ! above     
*>act]isation z may seem call$ =4 ,^!   
gov]nm5tal e/abli%m5ts are1 by (ficial  
position & by ! "* ( _! p]sonnel1       
committ$ m or less consi/5tly to !      
ma9t5ance ( ! exi/+ law & ord]4 ,& %\ld 
no sub/antial *ange ov]take !m z an     
effect ( ! w> exp]i5ce1 ! pacific league
 "u discussion w\ld be ent]$ into by &  
betwe5 gov]nm5ts ( ?is complexion4 ,%\ld
 difficulties !n arise betwe5 ^? :o own 
& ^? :o d n1 9 any "o ( ^! c\ntries1 x  
w\ld become a nice "q :e!r ! compact to 

ma9ta9 ! peace & national integrity ( ! 
sev]al nations compris$ 9 ! league %\ld 
be held to cov] ! case ( int]nal        
diss5sions & possible disord]s p>tak+ ( 
! "* ( revolt aga9/ ! e/abli%$          
au?orities or aga9/ ! e/abli%$          
provisions ( law4 ,a /rike ( ! scope &  
"* ( ! "o rec5tly ?reat5$1 & n>r[ly     
av]t$1 on ! ,am]ican railroads1 e4g41   
might easily give rise to di/urbances   
suffici5tly =midable to raise a "q ( !  
peace league's jurisdiction2 p>ticul>ly 
if su* a di/urbance %\ld arise 9 a less 
ord]ly & less isolat$ c\ntry ?an !      
,am]ican republic2 s z unavoidably to   
c>ry ! effects ( ! di/urbance across !  
national fronti]s along ! l9es (        
indu/rial & comm]cial int]c\rse &       
correlation4 ,x is always conceivable t 
a national gov]nm5t /&+ on a some:at    
cons]vative ma9t5ance ( ! receiv$ law & 
ord] might feel itself b\nd by its      
conception ( ! peace to make common     
cause ) ! keep]s ( e/abli%$ rights 9    
neighbor+ /ates1 p>ticul>ly if ! simil> 

int]e/s ( _! own nation 7 ?\ght to be   
plac$ 9 jeop>dy by ! c\rse ( ev5ts4     
,antec$5tly x seems highly probable t ! 
receiv$ rights ( own]%ip & disposal (   
prop]ty1 p>ticul>ly ( inve/m5t1 w come  
up = advisem5t & revision s soon z a    
settl$ /ate ( peace is a*iev$4 ,& !re   
%\ld seem to be little d\bt b ?is       
revision w\ld g t[>d1 or at lea/ aim at 
! curtailm5t or abrogation ( ^! rights2 
v mu* aft] ! fa%ion 9 :i* ! analog\s    
ve/$ rights ( feudalism & ! dyna/ic     
mon>*y h be5 revis$ & 9 great "p        
curtail$ or abrogat$ 9 ! advanc$        
democratic c\ntries4 ,n mu* c confid5tly
 be said z to ! details ( su* a         
prospective revision ( legal rights1 b !
 analogy ( t proc$ure by :i* ^! o!r ve/$
 rights h be5 r$uc$ to a manageable     
disability1 sugge/s t ! me?od 9 ! pres5t
 case also w\ld be by way ( curtailm5t1 
abrogation & elim9ation4 ,"h aga91 z 9  
analog\s movem5ts ( disuse &            
dise/abli%m5t1 !re w\ld d\btless be mu* 
cons]vative appreh5sion z to ! procur+ (

 a compet5t sub/itute = ! supplant$     
me?ods ( do+ :at is no long] desirable  
to be done2 b "h z else:]e1 9 a l       
conjuncture1 ! practicable way out w\ld 
presumably be f\nd to lie along ! l9e ( 
simple disuse & disall[ance ( class     
pr]ogative4 ,tak5 at its face value1 )\t
 unavoidable prejudice out ( ! pa/1 ?is 
"q ( a sub/itute to replace ! curr5t    
exploitation ( ! indu/rial arts =       
private ga9 by capitali/ic sabotage is n
 altoge!r above a suspicion ( droll]y4  
,yet x is n to be ov]look$ t private    
ent]prise on ! basis ( private own]%ip  
is ! famili> & accept$ me?od ( conduct+ 
indu/rial affairs1 & t x has ! sanction 
( immemorial usage1 9 ! eyes ( ! common 
man1 & t x is re5=c$ ) ! urg5cy ( life &
 dea? 9 ! appreh5sion ( ! kept classes4 
,x %\ld accord+ly be a possible outcome 
( su* a peace z w\ld put away           
int]national diss5sion1 t ! division (  
classes w\ld come on 9 a new =m1 betwe5 
^? :o /& on _! anci5t rights (          
exploitation & ma/]y1 & ^? :o are       

unwill+ long] to submit4 ,& x is q )9 ! 
possibilities ( ! case t ! division (   
op9ion on ^! matt]s might pres5tly %ift 
back to ! old famili> gr\nd (           
int]national ho/ilities2 und]tak5 p>tly 
to put d[n civil di/urbances 9 giv5     
c\ntries1 p>tly by ! m ar*aic1 or       
cons]vative1 peoples to safegu>d !      
in/itutions ( ! receiv$ law & ord] aga9/
 inroads f ! side ( ! iconocla/ic ones4 
99       99       99       99       99  
,9 ! appreh5sion ( ^? :o are speak+ =   
peace betwe5 ! nations & plann+ = its   
realisation1 ! outlook is t ( a return  
to1 or a cont9uance (1 ! /ate ( ?+s be=e
 ! great w> came on1 ) peace & national 
security add$1 or ) ! dang] ( w>        
elim9at$4 ,no?+ appreciable 9 ! way (   
consequ5t innovation1 c]ta9ly no?+ ( a  
s]i\s "*1 is contemplat$ z be+ among !  
necess>y consequ5ces ( su* a move into  
peace & security4 ,national integrity & 
autonomy are to be pres]v$ on ! receiv$ 
l9es1 & int]national division &         
discrim9ation is to be manag$ z be=e1 & 

) ! accu/om$ incid5ts ( punctilio &     
pecuni>y equilibration4 ,int]nationally 
speak+1 !re is to dawn an era (         
diplomacy )\t aft]?\ght1 :atev] t might 
conceivably mean4  ,!re is mu* 9 !      
pres5t situation t speaks = su* an      
arrangem5t1 p>ticul>ly z an initial     
phase ( ! p]petual peace t is aim$ at1  
:atev] excursive v>iations might befall 
pres5tly1 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s4 ,! w>       
exp]i5ce 9 ! bellig]5t c\ntries & ! al>m
 t has di/urb$ ! neutral nations h      
visibly rais$ ! pit* ( patriotic        
solid>ity 9 all ^! c\ntries2 &          
patriotism greatly favors ! cons]vation 
( e/abli%$ use & wont2 m p>ticul>ly is x
 favorable to ! e/abli%$ p[]s & policies
 ( ! national gov]nm5t4 ,! patriotic _s 
is n a _s ( innovation4 ,! *ances (     
survival1 & inde$ ( /abilisation1 = !   
accept$ use & wont & = ! traditional    
di/9ctions ( class & prescriptive       
rights1 %\ld !re=e seem favorable1 at   
any rate 9 ! fir/ in/ance4  ,presum+1   
!re=e1 z ! spokesm5 ( su* a             

peace-compact are s+ul>ly ready to      
presume1 t ! era ( peace & good-w :i* !y
 h 9 view is to be ( a piece ) ! mo/    
tranquil decades ( ! rec5t pa/1 only m (
 ! same k9d1 x becomes a "q ( imm$iate  
int]e/ to ! common man1 z well z to all 
/ud5ts ( human culture1 h[ ! common man 
is to f>e "u ?is rgime ( law & ord]1--! 
mass ( ! population ^: place x is to d  
:at is to be done1 & !reby to c>ry =w>d 
! civilisation ( ^! pacific nations4 ,x 
may n be out ( place to recall1 by way (
 p>5!sis1 t x is "h tak5 = grant$ z a   
matt] ( c\rse t all gov]nm5tal          
e/abli%m5ts are necess>ily cons]vative 9
 all _! deal+s ) ?is h]itage ( culture1 
except s f> z !y may be reaction>y4 ,_! 
(fice is ! /abilisation ( ar*aic        
in/itutions1 ! measure ( ar*aism v>y+ f 
"o to ano!r4  ,) due /abilisation & ) a 
sagaci\s adm9i/ration ( ! e/abli%$ s*eme
 ( law & ord]1 ! common man %\ld f9d    
himself work+ "u conditions & to results
 ( ! famili> k9d2 b ) ! diff]5ce t1 :ile
 legal usage & legal prec$5t rema9      

un*ang$1 ! /ate ( ! indu/rial arts c    
confid5tly be expect$ to cont9ue its    
advance 9 ! same g5]al direction z be=e1
 :ile ! population increases aft] !     
famili> fa%ion1 & ! inve/+ bus9ess      
community pursues its accu/om$ que/ (   
competitive ga9 & competitive sp5d+ 9 ! 
famili> _s & ) cumulatively augm5t$     
means4 ,/abilisation ( ! receiv$ law &  
ord] w n t\* ^! matt]s2 & = ! pres5t x  
is assum$ t ^! matt]s w n d]ange !      
receiv$ law & ord]4 ,! assumption may   
seem a viol5t "o to ! /ud5ts ( human    
culture1 b x is a simple matt] ( c\rse  
to ! /atesm54  ,to ?is pip+ "t ( peace !
 ne>e/ analogues 9 hi/ory w\ld seem to  
be ! ,roman peace1 say1 ( ! days ( !    
,anton9es1 & passably ! ,briti% peace ( 
! ,victorian era4 ,*anges 9 ! s*eme (   
law & ord] sup]v5$ 9 bo? ( ^! in/ances1 
b ! *anges 71 aft] all1 nei!r           
unconscionably l>ge nor 7 !y ( a        
subv]sive nature4 ,! s*eme ( law & ord]1
 inde$1 appe>s 9 nei!r in/ance to h     
*ang$ s f> z ! alt]$ circum/ances w\ld  

seem to h call$ =4 ,to ! common man !   
,roman peace appe>s to h be5 a peace by 
submission1 n widely diff]5t f :at !    
case ( ,*9a has latt]ly br\ght to !     
appreciation ( /ud5ts4 ,! ,victorian    
peace1 :i* c be appreciat$ m 9 detail1 0
 ( a m g5ial "*1 z reg>ds ! =tunes ( !  
common man4 ,x />t$ f a reasonably l[   
level ( h>d%ip & de facto iniquity1 & 0 
occupi$ ) _m prud5t endeav\rs to improve
 ! lot ( ! unble/ majority2 b x is to be
 admitt$ t ^! prud5t endeav\rs nev]     
caught up ) ! m>* ( circum/ances4 ,n t  
^! prud5t measures ( amelioration 7     
nugatory1 b x is cle> t !y 7 n an       
altoge!r effectual corrective ( ! *anges
 go+ on2 !y 71 9 effect1 sy/ematically s
 f> 9 arre>s z always to leave an       
uncov]$ m>g9 ( discont5t ) curr5t       
conditions4 ,x is a fact ( hi/ory t v   
appreciable sections ( ! populace 7     
approa*+ an attitude ( revolt aga9/ :at 
!y consid]$ to be intol]able conditions 
:5 t era clos$4 ,mu* ( :at kept !m )9   
b\nds1 t is to say )9 legal b\nds1 0 _! 

cont9u$ loyalty to ! nation2 :i* 0      
greatly1 & = ! purpose ne$fully1 re5=c$ 
by a lively fe> ( w>like aggression f   
)\t4 ,n[1 "u ! project$ pax orbis t]r>um
 all fe> ( invasion1 x is hopefully     
believ$1 w be remov$2 & ) ! disappe>ance
 ( ?is fe> %\ld also disappe> ! drag (  
national loyalty on ! c\nsels ( !       
und]br$4  ,if ?is ,briti% peace ( !     
n9ete5? c5tury is to be tak5 z a        
significant indication ( :at may be     
look$ = "u a rgime ( peace at l>ge1 )   
due all[ance = :at is obvi\sly necess>y 
to be all[$ =1 !n :at is held 9 promise 
w\ld appe> to be an era ( unexampl$     
comm]cial prosp]ity1 ( inve/m5t &       
bus9ess ent]prise on a scale hi!rto n   
exp]i5c$4 ,^! developm5ts w br+ _!      
necess>y consequ5ces affect+ ! life ( ! 
community1 & "s ( ! consequ5ces x %\ld  
be possible to =esee4 ,! circum/ances   
condition+ ?is prospective era ( peace &
 prosp]ity w necess>ily diff] f !       
correspond+ circum/ances t condition$ ! 
,victorian peace1 & _m ( ^! po9ts (     

diff]5ce x is also possible to =eca/ 9  
outl9e ) a fair degree ( confid5ce4 ,x  
is 9 ! ma9 ^! economic factors go+ to   
condition ! civilisation ( ! promis$    
future t w h to be dep5d$ on to give !  
cue to any /ud5t int]e/$ 9 ! prospective
 unfold+ ( ev5ts4  ,! s*eme ( law & ord]
 gov]n+ all mod]n nations1 bo? 9 !      
conduct ( _! dome/ic affairs & 9 _!     
national policies1 is 9 its controll+   
elem5ts ! s*eme work$ out ?r\gh ,briti% 
7& ,fr5*7 exp]i5ce 9 ! eighte5? c5tury &
 e>li]1 z revis$ & fur!r accommodat$ 9 !
 n9ete5? c5tury4 ,o!r peoples1          
p>ticul>ly ! ,dut*1 h ( c\rse _h _! "p 9
 ! d]ivation & developm5t ( ?is mod]n   
s*eme ( in/itutional pr9ciples1 b x has 
aft] all be5 a m9or "p2 s t ! s*eme at  
l>ge w\ld n diff] v mat]ially1 if inde$ 
x %\ld diff] s5sibly1 f :at x is1 ev5 if
 ! contribution ( ^! o!rs _h n be5 _h4  
,! backw>d nations1 z e4g41 ,g]many1    
,russia1 ,spa91 etc41 h ( c\rse         
contribut$ sub/antially no?+ b          
ret>dation & maladju/m5t to ?is mod]n   

s*eme ( civil life2 :atev] may be due to
 /ud5ts resid5t 9 ^? c\ntries1 9 ! way (
 s*ol>ly =mulation4 ,?is n9ete5? c5tury 
s*eme x is propos$ to c>ry ov] into !   
new era2 & ! responsible spokesm5 ( !   
project$ new ord] appe> to contemplate  
no provision t\*+ ?is s*eme ( law &     
ord]1 beyond ! keep+ ( x intact 9 all   
sub/antial respects4  ,:5 & 9 s f> z !  
project$ peace at l>ge takes effect1    
int]national int]e/s w necess>ily fall  
some:at into ! backgr\nd1 z be+ no long]
 a matt] ( prec>i\s equilibration1 )    
heavy p5alties 9 ! balance2 & diplomacy 
w consequ5tly become ev5 m ( a          
make-believe ?an today--some?+ aft] !   
fa%ion ( a game ( bluff play$ )         
irr$eemable *ips4 ,comm]cial1 t is to   
say bus9ess1 ent]prise w consequ5tly    
come 9 = a m undivid$ att5tion & be     
c>ri$ on "u conditions ( great] security
 & ( m compreh5sive trade relations4 ,! 
population ( ! pacifi$ _w may be expect$
 to g on increas+ some:at z 9 ! rec5t   
pa/2 9 :i* connection x is to be rem>k$ 

t n m ?an "o-half1 presumably some?+    
less ?an "o-half1 ( ! available         
agricultural res\rces h be5 turn$ to    
acc\nt = ! civilis$ _w hi!rto4 ,! /ate (
 ! indu/rial arts1 includ+ means (      
transport & communication1 may be       
expect$ to develop f>!r 9 ! same g5]al  
direction z be=e1 assum+ always t peace 
conditions cont9ue to hold4 ,popul>     
intellig5ce1 z x is call$1--m prop]ly   
popul> education1--may be expect$ to    
suff] a fur!r advance2 necess>ily s1    
s9ce x is a necess>y condition ( any    
effectual advance 9 ! indu/rial arts1--e
 appreciable te*nological advance       
presumes1 z a requisite to its work+-out
 9 indu/ry1 an augm5t$ /ate ( in=mation 
& ( logical facility 9 ! workm5 "u ^:   
h&s x is to take effect4  ,( !          
prescriptive rights c>ri$ ov] into ! new
 era1 "u ! receiv$ law & ord]1 ! rights 
( own]%ip alone may be expect$ to h any 
mat]ial significance = ! r\t9e ( workday
 life2 ! o!r p]sonal rights t once seem$
 urg5t w = ev]yday purposes h pass$ into

 a /ate ( half-=gott5 matt]-(-c\rse4 ,z 
n[1 b 9 an acc5tuat$ degree1 ! rights ( 
own]%ip w1 9 effect1 co9cide & coalesce 
) ! rights ( inve/m5t & bus9ess         
managem5t4 ,! m>ket--t is to say ! rule 
( ! price-sy/em 9 all matt]s (          
production & livelihood--may be expect$ 
to ga9 9 volume & inclusiv5ess2 s t     
virtually all matt]s ( indu/ry &        
livelihood w turn on que/ions ( m>ket   
price1 ev5 beyond ! degree 9 :i* t      
proposition holds today4 ,! progressive 
ext5sion & consolidation ( inve/m5ts1   
corporate solid>ity1 & bus9ess managem5t
 may be expect$ to g =w>d on ! accu/om$ 
l9es1 z illu/rat$ by ! c\rse ( ?+s dur+ 
! pa/ few decades4 ,m>ket conditions    
%\ld accord+ly1 9 a progressively       
increas$ degree1 fall "u ! legitimate   
discretion>y control ( bus9essm51 or    
syndicates ( bus9essm51 :o h ! disposal 
( l>ge blocks ( inve/$ weal?1--big      
bus9ess1 z x is call$1 %\ld reasonably  
be expect$ to gr[ bigg] & to ex]cise an 
increas+ly m unhamp]$ control ( m>ket   

conditions1 includ+ ! money m>ket & !   
labor m>ket4  ,) su* improvem5ts 9 !    
indu/rial arts z may fairly be expect$  
to come =w>d1 & ) ! possible enhancem5t 
( indu/rial effici5cy :i* %\ld foll[ f a
 l>g] scale ( organisation1 a wid] rea* 
( transport & communication1 & an       
increas$ population1--) ^! increas+     
advantages on ! side ( productive       
indu/ry1 ! p]-capita product z well z ! 
total product %\ld be increas$ 9 a      
notable degree1 & ! conditions ( life   
%\ld possibly become notably easi] & m  
attractive1 or at lea/ m conducive to   
effici5cy & p]sonal com=t1 = all        
conc]n$4 ,su* w\ld be ! fir/ & ungu>d$  
inf]5ce to be drawn f ! premises ( !    
case z !y (f] !mselves 9 ! l>ge2 &      
some?+ ( t k9d is app>5tly :at floats   
be=e ! prophetic vision ( ! advocates ( 
a league ( nations = ! ma9t5ance ( peace
 at l>ge4 ,^! premises1 & ! inf]5ces s  
drawn f !m1 may be fur!r =tifi$ &       
amplifi$ 9 ! same s5se on consid]+ t    
c]ta9 v mat]ial economies also become   

practicable1 & %\ld take effect 9 !     
abs5ce ( di/urb+ causes1 on ! e/abli%m5t
 ( su* a peace at l>ge4 ,x w ( c\rse    
occur to all ?\ghtful p]sons t armam5ts 
mu/ be r$uc$1 p]haps to a m9imum1 & t ! 
co/ ( ^! ?+s1 9 po9t ( exp5ditures z    
well z ( man-p[] sp5t 9 ! s]vice1 w\ld  
consequ5tly fall (f 9 a correspond+     
measure4 ,s also1 z slight fur!r        
reflection w %[1 w\ld ! co/ ( ! civil   
s]vice presumably fall (f v appreciably2
 m p>ticul>ly ! co/ ( ?is s]vice p] unit
 ( s]vice r5d]$4 ,"s su* climax (       
felicities might be look$ = by hopeful  
p]sons1 9 ! abs5ce ( di/urb+ causes4    
,"u ! new disp5sation ! /&>d ( liv+1 t  
is to say ! /&>d ( exp5diture1 w\ld     
reasonably be expect$ to advance 9 a v  
appreciable degree1 at lea/ among !     
weal?y & well-to-d2 & by pressure (     
imitative necessity a l effect w\ld     
d\btless also be _h among ! undi/+ui%$  
mass4 ,x is n a "q ( ! /&>d ( liv+      
consid]$ z a matt] ( ! subsi/5ce m9imum1
 or ev5 a /&>d ( habitually preval5t    

creature com=t1 p>ticul>ly n among !    
weal?y & well-to-d4 ,^! latt] classes h 
long s9ce left all "q ( mat]ial com=t   
beh9d 9 _! accept$ /&>ds ( liv+ & 9 !   
cont9u$ advance ( ^! /&>ds4 ,= ^!       
classes :o are (t5 spok5 (              
euphemi/ically z be+ 9 easy             
circum/ances1 x is altoge!r a "q ( a    
/&>d ( reputable exp5diture1 to be      
obs]v$ on pa9 ( lo/ self-respect & ( lo/
 reputation at l>ge4 ,z has be5 rem>k$ 9
 an e>li] passage1 wants ( ?is k9d are  
indef9itely ext5sible4 ,s t "s d\bt may 
well be ent]ta9$ z to :e!r ! high]      
productive effici5cy spok5 ( w          
necess>ily make ! way ( life easi]1 9   
view ( ?is ne$ ( a high] /&>d (         
exp5diture1 ev5 :5 due acc\nt is tak5 ( 
! _m economies :i* ! new disp5sation is 
expect$ to make practicable4  ,"o ( !   
effects to be look$ = w\ld app>5tly be  
an increas$ pressure on ! "p ( aspir+ m5
 to get into "s l9e ( bus9ess ent]prise2
 s9ce x is only 9 bus9ess1 z contra/$ ) 
! indu/rial occupations1 t anyone c hope

 to f9d ! relatively l>ge income requir$
 = su* an exp5sive mann] ( life z w br+ 
any degree ( cont5t to aspirants =      
pecuni>y good repute4 ,s x %\ld foll[ t 
! numb] ( bus9essm5 & bus9ess conc]ns   
w\ld increase up to ! limit ( :at !     
traffic c\ld support1 & t ! competition 
betwe5 ^! rival1 & 9 a s5se ov]-num]\s1 
conc]ns w\ld pu% ! co/s ( competition to
 ! l limit4 ,9 ?is respect ! situation  
w\ld be ( mu* ! same "* z :at x n[ is1 )
 ! diff]5ce t ! limit ( competitive     
exp5ditures w\ld be r high] ?an at      
pres5t1 to answ] to ! great] available  
m>g9 ( product t c\ld be devot$ to ?is  
use2 & t ! compet+ conc]ns w\ld be      
some:at m num]\s1 or at lea/ t !        
aggregate exp5diture on competitive     
ent]prise w\ld be some:at l>g]2 z1 e4g41
 co/s ( adv]tis+1 salesman%ip1 /rategic 
litigation1 procuration ( legislative & 
municipal grants & connivance1 & ! l4   
,x is always conceivable1 ?\gh x may    
sc>cely seem probable1 t ^! incid5ts (  
increas$ pressure ( competition 9       

bus9ess traffic might ev5tually take up 
all ! slack1 & leave no net m>g9 (      
product ov] :at is available "u ! less  
favorable conditions ( indu/ry t prevail
 today2 m p>ticul>ly :5 ?is increas$    
competition = bus9ess ga9s is back$ by  
an increas$ pressure ( competitive sp5d+
 = purposes ( a reputable appe>ance4    
,all ?is applies 9 retail trade & 9 su* 
l9es ( indu/ry & public s]vice z p>takes
 ( ! nature ( retail trade1 9 ! respect 
t salesman%ip & ! co/s ( salesman%ip    
ent] into _! case 9 an appreciable      
measure2 ?is is an ext5sive field1 x is 
true1 & incont95tly gr[+ m ext5sive ) ! 
lat] *anges 9 ! cu/om>y me?ods ( m>ket+ 
products2 b x is by no means any?+ l !  
:ole doma9 ( indu/rial bus9ess1 & by no 
means a field 9 :i* bus9ess is c>ri$ on 
)\t int]f]5ce ( a high] control f       
outside its own imm$iate limits4  ,all  
?is g5]\sly l>ge & highly exp5sive &    
pr(itable field ( trade & ( trade-l     
indu/ry1 9 :i* ! bus9essm5 9 *>ge deal  
some:at directly ) a l>ge body (        

cu/om]s1 is always subject to           
limitations impos$ by ! condition ( !   
m>ket2 & ! condition ( ! m>ket is 9 "p n
 "u ! control ( ^! bus9essm51 b is also 
9 "p controll$ by l>ge conc]ns 9 !      
backgr\nd2 :i* 9 _! turn are aft] all   
also n precisely free ag5ts2 9 fact n   
mu* m s ?an _! c\s9s 9 ! retail trade1  
be+ conf9$ 9 all _! motions by !        
con/ra9t ( ! price-sy/em t dom9ates !   
:ole & ga!rs !m all 9 its imp]sonal &   
inexorable net4  ,!re is a colloquial   
say+ among bus9essm51 t !y are n do+    
bus9ess = _! heal?2 :i* be+ int]pret$   
means t !y are do+ bus9ess = a price4 ,x
 is out ( a discrepancy 9 price1 betwe5 
pur*ase & sale1 or betwe5 transactions  
:i* come to ! same result z pur*ase &   
sale1 t ! ga9s ( bus9ess are drawn2 & x 
is 9 t]ms ( price t ^! ga9s are rat$1   
amass$ & fund$4 ,x is necess>y1 = a     
bus9ess conc]n to a*ieve a favorable    
balance 9 t]ms ( price2 & ! l>g] !      
balance 9 t]ms ( price ! m successful ! 
ent]prise4 ,su* a balance c n be a*iev$ 

except by due reg>d to ! conditions ( ! 
m>ket1 to ! effect t deal+s mu/ n g on  
beyond :at w yield a favorable balance 9
 t]ms ( price betwe5 income & outgo4 ,z 
has already be5 rem>k$ above1 !         
prescriptive & indisp5sable rec\rse 9   
all ?is conduct ( bus9ess is sabotage1  
limitation ( supply to br+ a remun]ative
 price result4  ,! new disp5sation (f]s 
two new factors be>+ on ?is bus9esslike 
ne$ ( a sagaci\s sabotage1 or r x br+s a
 *ange ( coeffici5ts 9 two factors      
already famili> 9 bus9ess managem5t3 a  
great] ne$1 = ga9ful bus9ess1 ( resort+ 
to su* limitation ( traffic2 & a great] 
facility ( ways & means = en=c+ ! ne$$  
re/riction4 ,s1 x is confid5tly to be   
expect$ t 9 ! prospective pip+ "t (     
peace ! advance 9 ! indu/rial arts w    
cont9ue at an accel]at$ rate2 :i* may   
confid5tly be expect$ to affect !       
practicable increas$ production (       
m]*antable goods2 f :i* x foll[s t x w  
act to depress ! prices ( ^! goods2 f   
:i* x foll[s t if a pr(itable bus9ess is

 to be done 9 ! conduct ( productive    
indu/ry a great] degree ( cont95ce ?an  
be=e w h to be ex]cis$ 9 ord] n to let  
prices fall to an unpr(itable figure2 t 
is to say1 ! p]missible output mu/ be   
held %ort ( ! productive capacity ( su* 
indu/ry by a wid] m>g9 ?an be=e4 ,on !  
o!r h&1 x is well kn[n out ( ! exp]i5ce 
( ! pa/ few decades t a l>g] coalition (
 inve/$ capital1 controll+ a l>g]       
proportion ( ! output1 c m effectually  
limit ! supply to a salut>y maximum1 su*
 z w af=d reasonable pr(its4 ,& ) ! new 
disp5sation af=d+ a fre] scope = bus9ess
 ent]prise on conditions ( great]       
security1 l>g] coalitions ?an be=e are  
due to come into be>+4 ,s t ! means w be
 at h& compet5tly to meet ?is m urg5t   
ne$ ( a /rict] limitation ( ! output1 9 
spite ( any increas$ productive capacity
 conf]r$ on ! indu/rial community by any
 conceivable advance 9 ! indu/rial arts4
 ,! outcome to be look$ = %\ld app>5tly 
be su* an effectual rec\rse to          
capitali/ic sabotage z w neutralise any 

add$ advantage t might o!rwise accrue to
 ! community f its cont9u$ improvem5ts 9
 te*nology4  ,9 spite ( ?is s+ul>ly     
unt[>d conjuncture ( circum/ances to be 
look$ =1 !re ne$ be no s]i\s appreh5sion
 t capitali/ic sabotage1 ) a view to    
ma9ta9+ prices & ! rate ( pr(its1 w g   
all ! way1 to ! result indicat$1 at lea/
 n on ! gr\nds s indicat$ alone4 ,!re is
 9 ! mod]n developm5t ( te*nology1 &    
confid5tly to be c\nt$ on1 a cont9u$ fl[
 ( new contrivances & exp$i5ts design$  
to sup]s$e ! old2 & ^! are 9 fact       
successful1 9 great] or less measure1 9 
f9d+ _! way into pr(itable use1 on su*  
t]ms z to displace old] appliances1     
und]bid !m 9 ! m>ket1 & r5d] !m obsolete
 or subject to recapitalisation on a    
l[]$ e>n+-capacity4 ,s f> z ?is         
unremitt+ fl[ ( innovations has its     
effect1 t is to say s f> z x c n be     
h9d]$ f hav+ an effect1 x acts to l[] ! 
effectual co/ ( products to ! consum]4  
,?is effect is b a p>tial & some:at     
unc]ta9 "o1 b x is always to be c\nt$ 9 

z a p]si/5t factor1 ( unc]ta9 magnitude1
 t w affect ! results 9 ! long run4  ,z 
has j be5 spok5 ( above1 l>ge coalitions
 ( inve/$ weal? are m compet5t to       
ma9ta91 or if ne$ be to advance1 prices 
?an small] coalitions act+ 9 sev]alty1  
or ev5 :5 act+ 9 collusion4 ,?is /ate ( 
! case has be5 well illu/rat$ by ! v    
successful conduct ( su* l>ge bus9ess   
organisations dur+ ! pa/ few decades2   
successful1 t is1 9 e>n+ l>ge returns on
 ! inve/m5ts engag$4 ,"u ! new          
disp5sation1 z has already be5 rem>k$1  
coalitions %\ld reasonably be expect$ to
 gr[ to a l>g] size & a*ieve a great]   
effici5cy = ! same purpose4  ,! l>ge    
ga9s ( ! l>ge corporate coalitions are  
commonly ascrib$ by _! promot]s1 & by   
sympa!tic !oreticians ( ! anci5t l9e1 to
 economies ( production made practicable
 by a l>g] scale ( production2 an       
explanation :i* is dis+5u\s only s f> z 
x ne$s be4 ,:at is m visibly true on    
look+ into ! work+s ( ^! coalitions 9   
detail is t !y are enabl$ to ma9ta9     

prices at a pr(itable1 inde$ at a       
/rik+ly pr(itable1 level by su* a       
control ( ! output z w\ld be call$      
sabotage if x 7 put 9 practice by       
int]e/$ workm5 ) a view to ma9ta9 wages4
 ,! effects ( ?is sagaci\s sabotage     
become visible 9 ! l>ge e>n+s ( ^!      
inve/m5ts & ! l>ge ga9s :i*1 n[ & aga91 
accrue to _! manag]s4 ,l>ge =tunes      
commonly are ( ?is d]ivation4  ,9 cases 
:]e no recapitalisation has be5 effect$ 
= a consid]able s]ies ( ye>s ! ye>ly    
e>n+s ( su* bus9esslike coalitions h be5
 kn[n to approa* fifty p]c5t on !       
capitalis$ value4 ,commonly1 h[ev]1 :5  
e>n+s rise to a /rik+ figure1 ! bus9ess 
w be recapitalis$ on ! basis ( its      
e>n+-capacity1 by issue ( a /ock        
divid5d1 by re9corporation 9 a new      
comb9ation ) an increas$ capitalisation1
 & ! l4 ,su* augm5tation ( capital n    
unusually has be5 spok5 ( by !oretical  
writ]s & publici/s z an increase ( !    
community's weal?1 due to sav+s2 an     
analysis ( any giv5 case is likely to %[

 t its increas$ capital value repres5ts 
an increas+ly pr(itable proc$ure =      
secur+ a high price above co/1 by /opp+ 
! available output %ort ( ! productive  
capacity ( ! indu/ries involv$4 ,loosely
 speak+1 & )9 ! limits ( :at ! traffic w
 be>1 ! ga9s 9 su* a case are           
proportion$ to ! defici5cy by :i* !     
production or supply "u control falls   
%ort ( productive capacity4 ,s t !      
capitalisation 9 ! case comes to be> a  
r\gh proportion to ! mat]ial loss :i*   
?is organisation ( sabotage is enabl$ to
 inflict on ! community at l>ge2 &      
in/ead ( its be+ a capitalisation (     
s]viceable means ( production x may1 n[ 
& aga91 come to little else ?an a       
capitalisation ( *>t]$ sabotage4  ,"u ! 
new disp5sation ( peace & security at   
l>ge ?is mann] ( capitalisation &       
bus9ess ent]prise might reasonably be   
expect$ to ga9 some?+ 9 scope & security
 ( op]ation4 ,inde$1 !re are few ?+s )9 
! range ( human int]e/ on :i* an op9ion 
may m confid5tly be =m$ be=eh&4 ,if !   

rights ( prop]ty1 9 _! ext5t &          
amplitude1 are ma9ta9$ intact z !y are  
be=e ! law today1 ! hold :i* bus9ess    
ent]prise on ! l>ge scale n[ has on !   
affairs & =tunes ( ! community at l>ge  
is b\nd to gr[ firm] & to be us$ m      
unres]v$ly = private advantage "u ! new 
conditions contemplat$4  ,! logical     
result %\ld be an accel]at$ rate (      
accumulation ( ! c\ntry's weal? 9 ! h&s 
( a relatively v small class ( weal?y   
own]s1 ) a relatively inconsid]able     
semi-dep5d5t middle class ( ! well-to-d1
 & ) ! mass ( ! population ev5 m ne>ly  
de/itute ?an !y are today4 ,at ! same "t
 x is sc>cely to be avoid$ t ?is :olly  
dep5d5t & impecuni\s mass ( ! population
 mu/ be giv5 an appreciably bett]       
education ?an !y h today4 ,! argum5t w  
return to ! difficulties t are liable to
 arise out ( ?is conjuncture ( facts1 9 
! way ( discont5t & possible di/urbance4
         99       99       99       99  
99  ,meantime1 look+ to ! promise ( !   
pacific future 9 ! light ( ! pacific    

pa/1 c]ta9 fur!r consequ5ces1 p>ticul>ly
 consequ5ces ( ! economic ord]1 t may   
reasonably be expect$ to foll[ w also   
m]it att5tion4 ,! exp]i5ce ( !          
,victorian peace is almo/ z po9t$ 9 its 
sugge/ion on ?is head z if x _h be5 an  
exp]im5t made ad hoc2 b ) ! res]vation t
 ! scale ( economic life1 aft] all1 0   
small 9 ! ,victorian era1 & its pace 0  
slack1 comp>$ ) :at ! tw5tie? c5tury    
%\ld h to (f] "u suitable conditions (  
peace & pecuni>y security4 ,9 ! light ( 
?is mo/ in/ructive mod]n in/ance1 !re   
%\ld appe> to be 9 prospect a gr[? (    
well-br$ families re/+ on inve/$ weal? &
 s liv+ on une>n$ incomes2 l>g] incomes 
& consequ5tly a m impos+ly well-br$ body
 ( g5tlefolk1 su/a9$ & v\*$ = by a m    
munific5t exp5diture on sup]fluities1   
?an ! mod]n _w has witness$ hi!rto4     
,d\btless ! result+ gr[? ( g5tlem5 &    
g5tlewom5 w\ld be z p]fect aft] _! k9d z
 ^! unexampl$ opportunities ( g5tle     
bre$+ might be expect$ to eng5d]2 s t   
ev5 _! ,briti% precursors on ! trail (  

respectability w\ld fall some:at into   
insignificance by comp>ison1 :e!r 9     
respect ( g5tlemanly qualities or 9 po9t
 ( co/ p] unit4  ,! moral1 & ev5 m      
p>ticul>ly ! ae/hetic1 value ( su* a l9e
 ( g5tlefolk1 & ( ! culture :i* !y may  
be expect$ to place on view1--?is       
cultural side ( ! case1 ( c\rse1 is :at 
"o w\ld pref] to dwell on1 & on !       
spiritual ga9s t might be expect$ to    
accrue to humanity at l>ge f ! /eady    
contemplation ( ?is m]itori\s           
respectability s display$ at su* a co/4 
,b ! prosaic necessity ( ! argum5t turns
 back to ! economic & civil be>+ ( ?is  
prospective developm5t1 ?is virtual     
bifurcation ( ! pacifi$ nation into a   
small numb] ( g5tlem5 :o own !          
community's weal? & consume its net     
product 9 ! pursuit ( g5tility1 on ! "o 
h&1 & an unble/ mass ( ! populace :o d !
 community's "w on a meag] livelihood   
tap]+ d[n t[>d ! subsi/5ce m9imum1 on ! 
o!r h&4 ,evid5tly1 ?is prospective      
po/ure ( affairs may seem fraught )     

dang] to ! common weal1 z a public      
spirit$ citiz5 might phrase x4 ,or1 z x 
w\ld be express$ 9 less eloqu5t words1 x
 appe>s to comprise elem5ts t %\ld make 
= a *ange4 ,at ! same "t x %\ld be      
recall$1 & ! /atem5t w comm& ass5t on   
slight reflection1 t !re is no avoid+   
sub/antially su* a po/ure ( affairs "u !
 promis$ rgime ( peace & security1      
provid$ only t ! price-sy/em /&s ov]    
intact1 & ! curr5t rights ( prop]ty     
cont9ue to be held inviolate4 ,if ! kn[n
 pr9ciples ( competitive ga9 &          
competitive sp5d+ %\ld ne$ en=cem5t to t
 effect by an illu/rative in/ance1 !    
famili> hi/ory ( ! ,victorian peace is  
suffici5t to quiet all d\bts4  ,( c\rse1
 ! result+ articulation ( classes 9 !   
community w n be expect$ to fall into   
su* simple l9es ( %e] contra/ z ?is     
s*eme w\ld indicate4 ,! class (         
g5tlefolk1 ! legally con/itut$ wa/]s1 z 
!y w\ld be rat$ f ! economic po9t (     
view1 c n be expect$ p]sonally to take  
c>e ( s l>ge a consumption (            

sup]fluities z ?is po/ure ( affairs     
requires at _! h&s4 ,!y w\ld1 z !       
,victorian peace tea*es1 necess>ily h ! 
assi/ance ( a tra9$ corps ( exp]ts 9    
unproductive consumption1 ! fir/ & mo/  
imm$iate ( :om w\ld be ^? :om ! g5ial   
phras+ ( ,adam ,smi? designates m5ial   
s]vants4 ,beyond ^! w\ld come !         
purveyors ( sup]fluities1 prop]ly       
speak+1 & ! l>ge1 inde$ r$undant1 class 
( tradespeople ( high & l[              
degree1--dep5d5t 9 fact b ) an illusion 
( semi-dep5d5ce2 & f>!r out aga9 ! legal
 & o!r pr(essional classes ( ! ord] (   
/ew>ds1 ^: duty x w be to adm9i/] !     
s\rces ( income & receive1 apportion &  
disburse ! rev5ues s devot$ to a        
traceless ext+ui%m5t4  ,!re w\ld1 9 o!r 
words1 be some?+ ( a sub/antial middle  
class1 dep5d5t on ! weal?y & on _!      
exp5diture ( weal?1 b presumably imbu$ )
 ! ,victorian middle-class illusion t !y
 are ( "s acc\nt 9 _! own "r4 ,"u ! due 
legal =ms & sanctions ?is1 some:at      
volum9\s1 middle-class population w\ld  

engage 9 ! traffic :i* is _! p]quisite1 
& w\ld cont9ue to believe1 9 "s passable
 fa%ion1 t !y t\* ! sub/ance ( ?+s at   
some?+ ne>] ?an ! second remove4 ,!y    
w\ld 9 great "p appe> to be p (         
indep5d5t means1 & m p>ticul>ly w\ld !y 
cont9ue 9 ! hope ( s appe>+ & ( "s "t   
mak+ good ! appe>ance4 ,h5ce _! fanci$1 
& !re=e _! s5tim5tal1 int]e/ w\ld fall  
out on ! side ( ! e/abli%$ law & ord]2 &
 !y w\ld accord+ly be an elem5t (       
/ability 9 ! commonweal?1 & w\ld ?r[ 9  
_! weight1 & _! voice1 to safegu>d t    
private prop]ty & t fabric ( prices &   
cr$it ?r\gh :i* ! income /ream fl[s to !
 own]s ( prepond]ant inve/$ weal?4      
,judg$ on ! /ate ( ! situation z x runs 
9 our "t1 & all[+ = ! height5$ effici5cy
 ( l>ge-scale inve/m5t & consolidat$    
managem5t "u ! prospective conditions ( 
add$ pecuni>y security1 x is to be      
expect$ t ! middle-class population )   
indep5d5t means %\ld come 9 = a some:at 
meag] livelihood1 provid$ t !y "w       
fai?fully at _! bus9ess ( manag+        

pecuni>y traffic to ! advantage ( _!    
pecuni>y bett]s1--meag]1 t is to say1 :5
 all[ance is made = ! conv5tionally l>ge
 exp5diture on reputable appe>ances :i* 
is necess>ily to be includ$ 9 _! /&>d ( 
liv+4 ,x lies 9 ! nature ( ?is sy/em (  
l>ge-scale inve/m5t & ent]prise t !     
7pecuni>ily7 m9or ag5cies engag$ on a   
foot+ ( o/5sible indep5d5ce w come 9 =  
only su* a %>e 9 ! aggregate ga9s ( !   
community z x is exp$i5t = ! great]     
bus9ess int]e/s to all[ !m z an inc5tive
 to g on ) _! "w z purveyors ( traffic  
to ^! great] bus9ess int]e/s4  ,!       
curr5t1 & /ill m ?is prospective1 case (
 ! quasi-self-direct+ middle class may  
fairly be illu/rat$ by ! case ( !       
,am]ican f>m]s1 ( ! pa/ & pres5t4 ,!    
,am]ican f>m] rejoices to be call$ ,!   
,indep5d5t ,f>m]4 ,he once 0 indep5d5t1 
9 a meag] & toil-worn fa%ion1 9 ! days  
be=e ! price-sy/em _h br\ght him & all 8
 works into ! compass ( ! m>ket2 b t 0  
"s "t ago4 ,he n[ works = ! m>ket1      
ord9>ily at some?+ l :at is call$ a liv+

 wage1 provid$ he has indep5d5t means   
en\gh to enable him by /eady application
 to e>n a liv+ wage2 & ( c\rse1 ! m>ket 
be+ controll$ by ! p>am\nt inve/m5t     
int]e/s 9 ! backgr\nd1 8 "w1 9 effect1  
inures to _! b5efit2 except s mu* z x   
may seem necess>y to all[ him z inc5tive
 to g on4 ,also ( c\rse1 ^! p>am\nt     
inve/m5t int]e/s are 9 turn controll$ 9 
all _! manoeuvres by ! imp]sonal        
exig5cies ( ! price-sy/em1 :i* p]mits no
 vag>ies 9 violation ( ! rule t all     
traffic mu/ %[ a balance ( pr(it 9 t]ms 
( price4  ,! ,indep5d5t ,f>m] /ill      
cont9ues to believe t 9 "s occult s5se  
he /ill is indep5d5t 9 :at he w d & :at 
n2 or p]haps r t he c by %rewd managem5t
 reta9 or rega9 a tol]able measure ( su*
 indep5d5ce1 aft] ! fa%ion ( :at is held
 to h be5 ! po/ure ( affairs 9 ! days   
be=e ! com+ ( corporation f9ance2 or at 
lea/ he believes t he ought to h1 or to 
rega9 or reclaim1 "s appreciable measure
 ( su* indep5d5ce2 :i* ought !n1 by help
 ( ! indep5d5t means :i* he /ill        

treasures1 to procure him an hone/ &    
assur$ livelihood 9 return = an hone/   
ye>'s "w4 ,latt]ly he1 t is ! common run
 ( ! f>m]s1 has be5 tak+ note ( ! fact t
 he is1 z he appreh5ds x1 at a          
disadvantage 9 ! m>ket2 & he is n[ tak+ 
rec\rse to conc]t$ action = ! purpose ( 
:at might be call$ rigg+ ! m>ket to 8   
own advantage4 ,9 ?is he ov]looks !     
impregnable position :i* ! p>ty ( !     
second "p1 ! great inve/m5t int]e/s1    
occupy2 9 fact1 he is c\nt+ )\t 8 ho/4  
,hi!rto he has n be5 conv9c$ ( 8 own    
helplessness4 ,& ) a f9e fancy he /ill  
imag9es t 8 own int]e/ is on ! side ( ! 
prop]ti$ & privileg$ classes2 s t ! f>m]
 con/itu5cy is ! *ief pill> (           
cons]vative law & ord]1 p>ticul>ly 9 all
 t t\*es ! inviolable rights ( prop]ty &
 at e juncture :]e a division comes on  
betwe5 ^? :o live by inve/m5t & ^? :o   
live by "w4 ,9 pecuni>y effect1 ! ord9>y
 ,am]ican f>m]1 :o legally owns a       
mod]ate f>m ( ! common sort1 belongs    
among ^? :o "w = a livelihood2 su* a    

livelihood z ! inve/m5t int]e/s f9d x   
wor? :ile to all[ him "u ! rule ( :at ! 
traffic w be>2 b 9 po9t ( s5tim5t &     
class consci\sness he cl+s to a belat$  
/& on ! side ( ^? :o draw a pr(it f 8   
"w4  ,s x is also ) ! m5ial s]vants & ! 
middle-class p ( indep5d5t means1 :o    
are1 h[ev]1 9 a position to see m cle>ly
 _! dep5d5ce on ! own]s ( pr$om9ant     
weal?4 ,& su*1 ) a fur!r acc5tuation ( !
 anomaly1 may reasonably be expect$ to  
be ! fur!r run ( ^! relations "u !      
promis$ rgime ( peace & security4 ,!    
class ( well-kept g5tlefolk w sc>cely be
 call$ on to /& alone1 9 case ( a       
division betwe5 ^? :o live by inve/m5t &
 ^? :o live by "w2 inasmu* z1 = !       
calculable future1 x %\ld seem a        
reasonable expectation t ?is v          
consid]able fr+e ( dep5d5ts &           
pseudo-indep5d5ts w abide by _! "t-tri$ 
pr9ciples ( "r & hone/ liv+1 ?r\gh good 
days & evil1 & ca/ 9 _! lot unres]v$ly )
 t reputable body to :om ! control (    
trade & indu/ry by inve/m5t assigns !   

usufruct ( ! community's productive     
p[]s4         99       99       99      
99       99  ,some?+ has already be5    
said ( ! prospective bre$+ ( p$igre$    
g5tlefolk "u ! project$ rgime ( peace4  
,p$igree1 = ! purpose 9 h&1 is a        
pecuni>y attribute & is1 ( c\rse1 a     
product ( fund$ weal?1 m or less anci5t4
 ,virtually anci5t p$igree c be procur$ 
by well-advis$ exp5diture on !          
conspicu\s am5ities2 t is to say p$igree
 effectually compet5t z a backgr\nd (   
curr5t g5tility4 ,g5tlefolk ( su*       
syncopat$ p$igree may h to walk         
circumspectly1 ( c\rse2 b _! be+ 9 ?is  
mann] put on _! good behavior %\ld t5d  
to height5 _! effectual s]viceability z 
g5tlefolk1 by induc+ a s+le-m9d$ness (  
g5tility beyond :at c fairly be expect$ 
( ^? :o are already secure 9 _! t5ure4  
,except conv5tionally1 !re is no h]$it>y
 diff]5ce betwe5 ! /&>d g5tlefolk &1    
say1 _! m5ial s]vants1 or ! g5]al       
population ( ! f>ms & ! indu/rial t[ns4 
,?is is a well-e/abli%$ commonplace     

among e?nological /ud5ts2 :i* has1 (    
c\rse1 no?+ to say ) respect to !       
conv5tionally di/9ct l9es ( desc5t ( !  
,be/ ,families4 ,^! ,be/ ,families are  
n[ise di/+ui%able f ! common run 9 po9t 
( h]$it>y traits2 ! diff]5ce t makes !  
g5tleman & ! g5tlewoman be+ :olly a     
matt] ( habituation dur+ ! individual's 
life-"t4 ,x is some?+ ( a di/a/eful     
necessity to call att5tion to ?is total 
abs5ce ( native diff]5ce betwe5 !       
well-born & ! common1 b x is a necessity
 ( ! argum5t 9 h&1 & ! recall+ ( x may1 
!re=e1 be ov]look$ = once 9 a way4 ,!re 
is no h>m & no annoyance int5d$4 ,! po9t
 ( x all is t1 on ! premises :i* ?is    
/ate ( ! case af=ds1 ! body ( g5tlefolk 
creat$ by su* an accumulation ( inve/$  
weal? w h no less ( an effectual        
cultural value ?an !y w\ld h _h if _!   
virtually anci5t p$igree _h be5 actual4 
,at ?is po9t1 aga91 ! exp]i5ce ( !      
,victorian peace & ! function+ ( its    
g5tlefolk come 9 to indicate :at may    
fairly be hop$ = 9 ?is way "u ?is       

prospective rgime ( peace at l>ge4 ,b ) 
! diff]5ce t ! scale ( ?+s is to be     
l>g]1 ! pace swift]1 & ! volume &       
disp]sion ( ?is prospective leisure     
class some:at wid]4 ,! "w ( ?is leisure 
class--& !re is nei!r p>adox nor        
inconsi/5cy 9 ! phrase--%\ld be patt]n$ 
on ! l9es work$ out by _! prototypes ( !
 ,victorian "t1 b ) "s appreciable      
acc5tuation 9 ! direction ( :at *iefly  
*>act]is$ ! leisure class ( t era (     
tranquility4 ,! *>act]i/ic feature to   
:i* att5tion naturally turns at ?is     
sugge/ion is ! tranquility t has m>k$ t 
body ( g5tlefolk & _! code ( clean &    
hone/ liv+4 ,ano!r ^w ?an tranquility   
might be hit ^u to designate ?is        
*>act]i/ic animus1 b any o!r ^w t %\ld  
at all adequately s]ve ! turn w\ld c>ry 
a less felicit\s sugge/ion ( ^?         
upp]-class virtues t h con/itut$ !      
sub/antial wor? ( ! ,victorian g5tleman4
 ,! consci\s wor? ( ^! g5tlefolk has be5
 a beautifully complete a*ievem5t4 ,x   
has be5 an a*ievem5t ( fai? )\t works1 (

 c\rse2 b1 ne$less to say1 t is z x %\ld
 be1 also ( c\rse4 ,! place ( g5tlefolk 
9 ! economy ( ,nature is tracelessly to 
consume ! community's net product1 & 9  
do+ s to set a /&>d ( dec5t exp5diture =
 ! o!rs emulatively to "w up to z ne> z 
may be4 ,x is sc>cely conceivable t ?is 
c\ld h be5 done 9 a m unobtrusively     
effici5t mann]1 or ) a m au/]ely virtu\s
 conviction ( well-do+1 ?an by !        
g5tlefolk br$ ( ! ,victorian peace4 ,s  
also1 9 turn1 x is n to be believ$ t !  
prospective bre$ ( g5tlefolk d]ivable f 
! net product ( ! pacific nations "u !  
promis$ rgime ( peace at l>ge w prove 9 
any degree less effective = ! l ends4 ,m
 w be requir$ ( !m 9 ! way ( a traceless
 consumption ( sup]fluities & an        
unexampl$ exp5sive /&>d ( liv+4 ,b ?is  
situation t s faces !m may be con/ru$ z 
a l>g] opportunity1 q z well z a m      
difficult task4  ,a !oretical exposition
 ( ! place & cultural value ( a leisure 
class 9 mod]n life w\ld sc>cely be 9    
place "h2 & x has also be5 set out 9 "s 

detail else:]e4#aj ,= ! purpose 9 h& x  
may be suffici5t to recall t ! canons ( 
ta/e & ! /&>ds ( valuation work$ out &  
inculcat$ by leisure-class life h 9 all 
ages run1 ) unbrok5 consi/5cy1 to       
pecuni>y wa/e & p]sonal futility4 ,9 its
 economic be>+1 & p>ticul>ly 9 its      
imm$iate be>+ on ! mat]ial well-be+ ( ! 
community at l>ge1 ! lead]%ip ( !       
leisure class c sc>cely be call$ by a   
less d]ogatory epi!t ?an unt[>d4 ,b t is
 n ! :ole ( ! case1 & ! o!r side %\ld be
 he>d4 ,! leisure-class life (          
tranquility1 runn+ deta*$ z x does above
 ! turmoil out ( :i* ! mat]ial ( _!     
su/5ance is d]iv$1 enables a gr[? ( all 
^? virtues t m>k1 or make1 ! g5tleman2 &
 t affect ! life ( ! und]ly+ community  
?r\gh\t1 p]vasively1 by imitation2 lead+
 to a /&>disation ( ! ev]yday           
proprieties on a presumably1 high] level
 ( urbanity & integrity ?an might be    
expect$ to result 9 ! abs5ce ( ?is      
prescriptive model4  ,footnote #aj3 ,cf4
 ,! ,!ory ( ! ,leisure ,class1          

especially *4 v4-ix4 & xiv4  ,integ]    
vitae scel]isque purus1 ! g5tleman (    
assur$ /ation turns a placid c\nt5ance  
to all ^? petty vexations ( breadw9n+ t 
t\* him n4 ,s]5ely & ) an impassive     
=titude he faces ^? common vicissitudes 
( life t are impot5t to make or m> 8    
mat]ial =tunes & t c nei!r impair 8     
creature com=ts nor put a slur on 8 good
 repute4 ,s t )\t aft]?\ght he deals    
fairly 9 all ev]yday conjunctures ( give
 & take2 = !y are at ! mo/              
inconsequ5tial episodes to him1 al?\gh !
 l might spell irrem$iable disa/] to 8  
impecuni\s c\nt]foil among ! common m5  
:o h ! community's "w to d4 ,9 %ort1 he 
is a g5tleman1 9 ! be/ acceptation ( !  
^w1--unavoidably1 by =ce ( circum/ance4 
,z su* 8 example is ( invaluable        
consequ5ce to ! und]ly+ community (     
common folk1 9 t x keeps be=e _! eyes an
 object lesson 9 habitual =titude &     
visible integrity su* z c\ld sc>cely h  
be5 creat$ except "u su* %elt] f ^?     
di/urbances t w\ld g to m> habitual     

=titude & integrity4 ,!re c be little   
d\bt b ! high example ( ! ,victorian    
g5tlefolk has _h mu* to d ) /abilis+ !  
animus ( ! ,briti% common man on l9es ( 
integrity & fair play4 ,:at else & m 9 !
 way ( habitual preconceptions he may1  
by competitive imitation1 owe to ! same 
high s\rce is n imm$iately 9 "q "h4     
99       99       99       99       99  
,recall+ once m t ! canon ( life :]eby  
folk are g5tlefolk sums itself up 9 !   
requirem5ts ( pecuni>y wa/e & p]sonal   
futility1 & t ^! requirem5ts are        
indef9itely ext5sible1 at ! same "t t ! 
managem5t ( ! community's indu/ry by    
inve/m5t = a pr(it enables ! own]s (    
inve/$ weal? to div]t to _! own use !   
community's net product1 :]e) to meet ^!
 requirem5ts1 x foll[s t ! community at 
l>ge :i* provides ?is output ( product w
 be all[$ s mu* z is requir$ by _!      
necess>y /&>d ( liv+1--) an un/able m>g9
 ( error 9 ! adju/m5t4 ,?is m>g9 ( error
 %\ld t5d cont9ually to gr[ n>r[] z !   
bus9esslike managem5t ( indu/ry gr[s m  

effici5t ) exp]i5ce2 b x w also         
cont9ually be di/urb$ 9 ! contr>y s5se  
by innovations ( a te*nological nature t
 require cont9ual readju/m5t4 ,?is m>g9 
is probably n to be got rid (1 ?\gh x   
may be expect$ to become less           
consid]able "u m settl$ conditions4  ,x 
%\ld also n be ov]look$ t ! /&>d ( liv+ 
"h spok5 ( z necess>ily to be all[$ !   
work+ population by no means co9cides ) 
! physical subsi/5ce m9imum1 f :i* 9    
fact x always dep>ts by some?+          
appreciable4 ,! necess>y /&>d ( liv+ ( !
 work+ community is 9 fact made up ( two
 di/+ui%able factors3 ! subsi/5ce       
m9imum1 & ! requirem5ts ( decor\sly     
wa/eful consumption--! dec5cies ( life4 
,^! dec5cies are no less requisite ?an !
 physical necess>ies1 9 po9t ( workday  
urg5cy1 & _! am\nt is a matt] ( use &   
wont4 ,?is composite /&>d ( liv+ is a   
practical m9imum1 bel[ :i* consumption w
 n fall1 except by a fluctuat+ m>g9 (   
error2 ! effect be+ ! same1 9 po9t (    
necess>y consumption1 z if x 7 all ( !  

nature ( a physical subsi/5ce m9imum4   
,loosely speak+1 ! arrangem5t %\ld leave
 no?+ appreciable ov]1 aft] !           
requirem5ts ( g5teel wa/e & ( ! workday 
/&>d ( consumption h be5 met4 ,f :i* 9  
turn x %\ld foll[ t ! re/ ( :at is      
compris$ "u ! g5]al caption ( culture w 
f9d a place only 9 ! int]/ices (        
leisure-class exp5diture & only at ! h&s
 ( ab]rant memb]s ( ! class ( !         
g5tly-br$4 ,! work+ population %\ld h no
 effectual m>g9 ( "t1 en]gy or means =  
o!r pursuits ?an ! day's "w 9 ! s]vice (
 ! price-sy/em2 s t ab]rant individuals 
9 ?is class1 :o might by native         
prop5sity incl9e1 e4g41 to pursue !     
sci5ces or ! f9e arts1 %\ld h           
7virtually7 no *ance to make good4 ,x   
w\ld be a virtual suppression ( su*     
native gifts among ! common folk1 n a   
def9itive & all-inclusive suppression4  
,! /ate ( ! case "u ! ,victorian peace  
may1 aga91 be tak5 9 illu/ration ( !    
po9t2 al?\gh "u ! presumably m effectual
 control to be look$ = 9 ! pacific      

future ! m>g9 might reasonably be       
expect$ to run some:at n>r[]1 s t ?is   
virtual suppression ( cultural tal5t    
among ! common m5 %\ld come ne>] a      
complete suppression4  ,! work+ ( t free
 initiative t makes ! advance (         
civilisation1 & also ! great] "p ( its  
cons]vation1 w\ld 9 effect be all[$ only
 9 ! erratic memb]s ( ! kept classes2   
:]e at ! same "t x w\ld h to "w aga9/ ! 
side-draught ( conv5tional usage1 :i*   
disc\nt5ances any pursuit t is n visibly
 futile accord+ to "s accept$ mann] (   
futility4 ,n[ "u ! prospective p]fect   
work+ ( ! price-sy/em1 be>]s ( ! bann]s 
( civilisation c\ld effectually be drawn
 only f ! kept classes1 ! g5tlefolk :o  
alone w\ld h ! disposal ( su* free      
income z is requir$ = "w t has no       
pecuni>y value4 ,& num]ically !         
g5tlefolk are an inconsid]able fraction 
( ! population4 ,! supply ( compet5tly  
gift$ be>]s ( ! community's culture w\ld
 accord+ly be limit$ to su* z c\ld be   
drawn by self-selection f among ?is     

inconsid]able proportion ( ! community  
at l>ge4  ,x may be recall$ t 9 po9t (  
h]$ity1 & !re=e 9 po9t ( native fitness 
= ! ma9t5ance & advance ( civilisation1 
!re is no diff]5ce betwe5 ! g5tlefolk & 
! populace at l>ge2 or at lea/ !re is no
 diff]5ce ( su* a nature z to c\nt 9    
abatem5t ( ! proposition set d[n above4 
,"s slight1 b aft] all inconsequ5tial1  
diff]5ce !re may be1 b su* diff]5ce z   
!re is1 if any1 r c\nts aga9/ !         
g5tlefolk z keep]s ( ! cultural advance4
 ,! g5tlefolk are d]iv$ f bus9ess2 !    
g5tleman repres5ts a filial g5]ation ( !
 bus9essman2 & if ! class typically is  
gift$ ) any peculi> h]$it>y traits1     
!re=e1 !y %\ld presumably be su* z      
typically m>k ! successful              
bus9essman--a/ute1 preh5sile1           
unscrupul\s4 ,= a g5]ation or two1      
p]haps to ! scriptural ?ird & f\r?      
g5]ation1 x is possible t a dilut$      
rapacity & cunn+ may cont9ue to m>k !   
bus9essman's well-born desc5dants2 b ^! 
are n s]viceable traits = ! cons]vation 

& advancem5t ( ! community's cultural   
h]itage4 ,s t no consid]ation ( special 
h]$it>y fitness 9 ! well-born ne$ be    
ent]ta9$ 9 ?is connection4  ,z to !     
limitation impos$ by ! price-sy/em on ! 
supply ( c&idates suit$ by native gift =
 ! human "w ( civilisation2 x w\ld no   
d\bt1 be putt+ ! figure extravagantly   
high to say t ! g5tlefolk1 prop]ly      
speak+1 comprise z mu* z t5 p]c5t ( !   
total population2 p]haps some?+ less ?an
 "o-half ( t p]c5tage w\ld /ill seem a  
gross ov]/atem5t4 ,b1 to cov] loose ends
 & vagrant cases1 ! g5tlefolk may = !   
purpose be cr$it$ ) s high a p]c5tage ( 
! total population4 ,if t5 p]c5t be     
all[$1 z an outside figure1 x foll[s t !
 community's sci5ti/s1 arti/s1 s*ol>s1 &
 ! l individuals giv5 ov] to ! workday  
pursuits ( ! human _s1 are by           
conv5tional re/riction to be drawn f    
"o-t5? ( ! curr5t supply ( p]sons suit$ 
by native gift = ^! pursuits4 ,or z x   
may also be express$1 9 s f> z !        
project$ s*eme takes effect x %\ld      

result 9 ! suppression ( n9e 7or m7 out 
( e t5 p]sons available = ! con/ructive 
"w ( civilisation4 ,! cultural          
consequ5ces to be look$ =1 !re=e1 %\ld  
be q m>k$ly ( ! cons]vative ord]4  ,(   
c\rse1 9 actual effect1 ! ret>dation or 
repression ( civilisation by ?is means1 
z calculat$ on ^! premises1 %\ld        
reasonably be expect$ to c\nt up to     
some?+ appreciably m ?an n9e-t5?s ( !   
ga9s t might presumably be a*iev$ 9 !   
conceivable abs5ce ( ! price-sy/em & !  
rgime ( inve/m5t4 ,all "w ( ?is k9d has 
mu* ( ! "* ( teamwork2 s t ! ef=ts (    
isolat$ individuals c\nt = little1 & a  
few work+ 9 m or less ( conc]t & und]/&+
 w c\nt = proportionally mu* less ?an _m
 work+ 9 conc]t4 ,! endeav\rs ( !       
individuals engag$ c\nt cumulatively1 to
 su* effect t d\bl+ _! =ces w m ?an     
d\ble ! aggregate effici5cy2 &          
conv]sely1 r$uc+ ! numb] w r$uce !      
effectiv5ess ( _! "w by some?+ m ?an !  
simple num]ical proportion4 ,inde$1 an  
undue r$uction ( numb]s 9 su* a case may

 lead to ! total defeat ( ! few t are   
left1 & ! be/ endeav\rs ( a dw9dl+      
remnant may be :olly nugatory4 ,!re is  
ne$$ a s5se ( community & solid>ity1 )\t
 :i* ! assurance necess>y to ! "w is    
b\nd to falt] & dw9dle out2 & !re is    
also ne$$ a degree ( popul> c\nt5ance1 n
 to be _h by isolat$ individuals engag$ 
9 an unconv5tional pursuit ( ?+s t are  
nei!r to be class$ z sp5d?rift decorum  
nor z m]*antable goods4 ,9 ?is          
connection an isolat$ "o does n c\nt =  
"o1 & m ?an ! critical m9imum w c\nt =  
sev]al p] capita4 ,x is a case :]e !    
m9imal dose is :olly inop]ative4  ,!re  
is n a little reason to believe t       
consequ5t ^u ! in/allation ( ! project$ 
rgime ( peace at l>ge & secure inve/m5t 
! critical po9t 9 ! repression ( tal5t w
 v %ortly be rea*$ & pass$1 s t !       
pr9ciple ( ! m9imal dose w come to      
apply4 ,! po9t may readily be illu/rat$ 
by ! case ( _m ,briti% & ,am]ican t[ns &
 neighb\rhoods dur+ ! pa/ few decades2  
:]e ! dom9ant price-sy/em & its         

comm]cial /&>ds ( tru? & beauty h       
ov]-rul$ all incl9ation to cultural     
sanity & put x def9itively 9 abeyance4  
,! cultural1 or p]haps ! conv5tional1   
residue left ov] 9 ^! cases :]e         
civilisation has gone /ale ?r\gh        
ineffici5cy ( ! m9imal dose is n prop]ly
 to be f\nd fault )2 x is ( a blameless 
"*1 conv5tionally2 nor is !re any       
int5tion "h to ca/ asp]sion on !        
desolate4 ,! l effects ( ! l causes are 
to be se5 9 ! ,am]ican colleges &       
univ]sities1 :]e bus9ess pr9ciples h    
supplant$ ! pursuit ( le>n+1 & :]e !    
comm]cialisation ( aims1 ideals1 ta/es1 
occupations & p]sonnel is foll[+ mu* !  
same l9es t h l$ s _m ( ! c\ntry t[ns   
effectually outside ! cultural pale4 ,! 
,am]ican univ]sity or college is com+ to
 be an outli] ( ! price-sy/em1 9 po9t ( 
aims1 /&>ds & p]sonnel2 hi!rto !        
tradition ( le>n+ z a trait (           
civilisation1 z di/9ct f bus9ess1 has n 
be5 fully displac$1 al?\gh x is n[ com+ 
to face ! passage ( ! m9imal dose4 ,! l1

 9 a degree1 is app>5tly true latt]ly = 
_m ,engli%1 & /ill m evid5tly = _m      
,g]man s*ools4  ,9 ^! v>i\s in/ances (  
:at may be call$ dry-rot or local blight
 on ! civilis$ _w's culture ! decl9e    
appe>s to be due n to a positive        
infection ( a malignant sort1 s mu* z to
 a failure ( ! active cultural f]m5t1   
:i* has fall5 bel[ ! critical po9t (    
efficacy2 p]haps ?r\gh an un9t5d$       
refusal ( a livelihood to p]sons giv5   
ov] to cultivat+ ! elem5ts (            
civilisation2 p]haps ?r\gh ! conv5tional
 disall[ance ( ! pursuit ( any o!r ends 
?an competitive ga9 & competitive sp5d+4
 ,evid5tly x is some?+ mu* m            
compreh5sive 9 ?is nature t is          
reasonably to be look$ = "u !           
prospective rgime ( peace1 9 case !     
price-sy/em ga9s t f>!r impetus & w>rant
 :i* x %\ld come 9 = if ! rights (      
own]%ip & inve/m5t /& ov] intact1 & s   
come to enjoy ! b5efit ( a fur!r improv$
 /ate ( ! indu/rial arts & a fur!r      
enl>g$ scale ( op]ation & enhanc$ rate (

 turnov]4         99       99       99  
99       99  ,to turn back to ! po9t f  
:i* ?is excursion bran*$ (f4 ,x has be5 
presum$ all ! :ile t ! te*nological     
equipm5t1 or ! /ate ( ! indu/rial arts1 
mu/ cont9ue to advance "u ! conditions  
(f]$ by ?is rgime ( peace at l>ge4 ,b ! 
la/ few p>agraphs w d\btless sugge/ t   
su* a s+le-m9d$ addiction to competitive
 ga9 & competitive sp5d+ z ! /abilis$ & 
amplifi$ price-sy/em w\ld enjo91 mu/    
lead to an effectual ret>dation1 p]haps 
to a decl9e1 ( ^? mat]ial sci5ces on :i*
 mod]n te*nology draws2 & t ! /ate ( !  
indu/rial arts %\ld !re=e cease to      
advance1 if only ! s*eme ( inve/m5t &   
bus9esslike sabotage c be made          
suffici5tly secure4 ,t su* may be !     
outcome is a cont+5cy :i* ! argum5t w h 
to meet & to all[ =2 b x is aft] all a  
cont+5cy t ne$ n be expect$ to d]ange ! 
sequ5ce ( ev5ts1 except 9 ! way (       
ret>dation4 ,ev5 )\t fur!r advance 9    
te*nological exp$i5ts or 9 ! relevant   
mat]ial sci5ces1 !re w /ill necess>ily  

ensue an effectual advance 9 ! indu/rial
 arts1 9 ! s5se t fur!r organisation &  
enl>gem5t ( ! mat]ial equipm5t &        
indu/rial processes on l9es already     
securely kn[n & n to be =gott5 mu/ br+  
an effectually enhanc$ effici5cy ( !    
indu/rial process z a :ole4  ,9         
illu/ration1 x is sc>cely to be assum$  
ev5 z a t5tative hypo!sis t ! sy/em (   
transport & communication w n und]go    
ext5sion & improvem5t on ! l9es already 
famili>1 ev5 9 ! abs5ce ( new           
te*nological contrivances4 ,at ! same "t
 a cont9u$ increase ( population is to  
be c\nt$ on2 :i* has1 = ! purpose 9 h&1 
mu* ! same effect z an advance 9 !      
indu/rial arts4 ,human contact & mutual 
und]/&+ w necess>ily gr[ wid] & clos]1 &
 w h its effect on ! habits ( ?\ght     
preval5t 9 ! communities t are to live  
"u ! promis$ rgime ( peace4 ,! sy/em (  
transport & communication hav+ to h&le a
 m volum9\s & exact+ traffic1 9 ! s]vice
 ( a l>g] & m compact population1 w h to
 be organis$ & adm9i/]$ on me*anically  

drawn s*$ules ( "t1 place1 volume1      
velocity1 & price1 ( a /ill m exact+    
accuracy ?an hi!rto4 ,! l w necess>ily  
apply ?r\gh\t ! indu/rial occupations t 
employ ext5sive plant or processes1 or t
 articulate ) indu/rial processes ( t   
nature2 :i* w necess>ily comprise a l>g]
 proportion ( ! indu/rial process at    
l>ge ?an hi!rto4  ,z has already be5    
rem>k$ m ?an once 9 ! c\rse ( ! argum5t1
 a population t lives & does its "w1 &  
su* play z is all[$ x1 9 & by an        
exact+ly articulate me*anical sy/em (   
?is k9d w necess>ily be an intellig5t p1
 9 ! colloquial s5se ( ! ^w2 t is to say
 x w necess>ily be a p t uses pr9t$     
matt] freely & t has "s famili>ity ) !  
elem5ts ( ^? mat]ial sci5ces t und]lie  
?is me*anically organis$ sy/em (        
appliances & processes4 ,su* a          
population lives by & )9 ! framework ( !
 me*ani/ic logic1 & is 9 a fair way to  
lose fai? 9 any proposition t c n be    
/at$ conv9c+ly 9 t]ms ( ?is me*ani/ic   
logic4 ,sup]/itions are liable to lapse 

by neglect or disuse 9 su* a community2 
t is to say propositions ( a            
non-me*ani/ic complexion are liable to  
ins5sible dise/abli%m5t 9 su* a case2   
sup]/ition 9 ^! premises com+ to signify
 :atev] is n ( ?is me*ani/ic1 or        
mat]iali/ic "*4 ,an exception to ?is    
broad *>act]isation ( non-me*ani/ic     
propositions z sup]/ition w\ld be matt]s
 t are ( ! nature ( an imm$iate         
deliv]ance ( ! s5ses or ( ! ae/hetic    
s5sibilities4  ,by a simile x might be  
said t :at s falls "u ! caption (       
sup]/ition 9 su* a case is subject to   
decay by inanition4 ,x %\ld n be        
difficult to conceive ! g5]al c\rse (   
su* a decay ( sup]/itions "u ?is        
unremitt+ discipl9e ( me*ani/ic habits (
 life4 ,! rec5t pa/ (f]s an illu/ration1
 9 ! unemotional progress ( decay t has 
ov]tak5 religi\s beliefs 9 ! m civilis$ 
c\ntries1 & m p>ticul>ly among !        
intellectually tra9$ workm5 ( !         
me*anical indu/ries4 ,! elim9ation ( su*
 non-me*ani/ic propositions ( ! fai? has

 be5 visibly go+ on1 b x has n work$ out
 on any uni=m plan1 nor has x ov]tak5   
any l>ge or compact body ( p consi/5tly 
or abruptly1 be+ ( ! nature (           
obsolesc5ce r ?an ( set repudiation4 ,b 
9 a slack & unreflect+ fa%ion ! dive/m5t
 has gone on until ! aggregate effect is
 unmi/akable4  ,a simil> dive/m5t (     
sup]/itions is reasonably to be look$ = 
also 9 t doma9 ( preconceptions t lies  
betwe5 ! sup]natural & ! me*ani/ic4     
,*ief among ^! "t-w>p$                  
preconceptions--or sup]/itions--t s /&  
ov] out ( ! ali5 pa/ among ^! democratic
 peoples is ! in/itution ( prop]ty4 ,z  
is true ( preconceptions t\*+ !         
sup]natural v]ities1 s "h too ! article 
( use & wont 9 "q w n be> =mulation 9   
me*ani/ic t]ms & is n congru\s ) t      
me*ani/ic logic t is incont95tly b5d+ ! 
habits ( ?\ght ( ! common man m & m     
consi/5tly to its own b5t4 ,!re is1 (   
c\rse1 ! diff]5ce t :ile no class--ap>t 
f ! s]vants ( ! *ur*--h a mat]ial int]e/
 9 ! cont9u$ integrity ( ! articles ( ! 

sup]natural fai?1 !re is a /rong &      
/ubborn mat]ial int]e/ b\nd up ) !      
ma9t5ance ( ?is article ( ! pecuni>y    
fai?2 & ! class 9 :om ?is mat]ial int]e/
 ve/s are also1 9 effect1 inve/$ ) !    
co]cive p[]s ( ! law4  ,! law1 & !      
popul> preconceptions t give ! law its  
b9d+ =ce1 g to uphold ! e/abli%$ usage &
 ! e/abli%$ pr]ogatives on ?is head2 & !
 dise/abli%m5t ( ! rights ( prop]ty &   
inve/m5t !re=e is n a simple matt] (    
obsolesc5ce ?r\gh neglect4 ,x may       
confid5tly be c\nt$ on t all ! app>atus 
( ! law & all ! co]cive ag5cies ( law & 
ord]1 w be br\ght 9 requisition to      
uphold ! anci5t rights ( own]%ip1 :5ev] 
any move is made t[>d _! disall[ance or 
re/riction4 ,b !n1 on ! o!r h&1 !       
movem5t to disall[ or dim9i% !          
pr]ogatives ( own]%ip is also n to take 
! innocu\s %ape ( un/udi$ neglect4 ,s   
soon1 or r s f>1 z ! common man comes to
 realise t ^! rights ( own]%ip &        
inve/m5t uni=mly "w to 8 mat]ial        
detrim5t1 at ! same "t t he has lo/ ! w 

to believe 9 any argum5t t does n run 9 
t]ms ( ! me*ani/ic logic1 x is          
reasonable to expect t he w take a /& on
 ?is matt]2 & x is m ?an likely t ! /&  
tak5 w be ( an uncompromis+             
k9d1--presumably some?+ 9 ! nature ( !  
/& once tak5 by recalcitrant ,engli%m5 9
 prote/ aga9/ ! irresponsible rule ( !  
,/u>t sov]eign4 ,x is also n likely t ! 
b5efici>ies "u ^! propriet>y rights w   
yield _! gr\nd at all amicably2 all ! m 
s9ce !y are pat5tly )9 _! au!ntic rights
 9 insi/+ on full discretion 9 !        
disposal ( _! own possessions2 v mu* z  
,*>les ,i or ,james ,,ii once 7 )9 _!   
prescriptive "r1--:i* _h little to say 9
 ! outcome4  ,ev5 ap>t f "t immemorial &
 ! pat5t au!nticity ( ! in/itution1 !re 
7 & are _m cog5t argum5ts to be alleg$ 9
 favor ( ! position = :i* ! ,/u>t       
sov]eigns & _! spokesm5 cont5d$4 ,s !re 
are & w be _m1 p]haps m1 cog5t reasons  
to be alleg$ = ! ma9t5ance ( ! e/abli%$ 
law & ord] 9 respect ( ! rights (       
own]%ip & inve/m5t4 ,n lea/ urg5t1 nor  

lea/ real1 among ^! argum5ts is ! puzzl+
 "q ( :at to put 9 ! place ( ^! rights &
 ( ! me?ods ( control bas$ on !m1 v mu* 
z ! analog\s "q puzzl$ ! public-spirit$ 
m5 ( ! ,/u>t times4 ,all ( :i* goes to  
argue t !re may be expect$ to arise a   
conjuncture ( p]plexities &             
complications1 z well z a division (    
int]e/s & claims4 ,to :i* %\ld be add$ t
 ! division is likely to come to a head 
s soon z ! balance ( =ces betwe5 ! two  
p>ties 9 int]e/ becomes d\btful1 s t    
ei!r p>ty comes to surmise t ! success (
 its own aims may dep5d on its own      
ef=ts4 ,& z happ5s :]e two antagoni/ic  
p>ties are ea* conv9c$ ( ! ju/ice ( its 
cause1 & 9 ! abs5ce ( an umpire1 !      
logical rec\rse is ! wag] ( battle4     
,grant+ ! premises1 !re %\ld be no      
reasonable d\bt z to ?is ev5tual        
cleavage betwe5 ^? :o own & ^? :o d n2 &
 ( ! premises ! only item t is n already
 an accompli%$ fact is ! in/allation (  
peace at l>ge4 ,! re/ ( :at goes into ! 
argum5t is ! well-kn[n mod]n /ate ( !   

indu/rial arts1 & ! equally well-kn[n   
price-sy/em2 :i*1 9 comb9ation1 give its
 "* to ! mod]n /ate ( bus9ess ent]prise4
 ,x is only an unusually broad in/ance (
 an in/itutional arrangem5t :i* has 9 ! 
c\rse ( "t & *ang+ conditions come to "w
 at cross purposes ) t und]ly+ gr\nd (  
in/itutional arrangem5ts t takes =m 9 ! 
commonplace aphorism1 ,live & let live4 
,) *ange sett+ 9 ! direction famili> to 
all m5 today1 x is only a "q ( limit$ "t
 :5 ! discrepancy w rea* a critical     
pass1 & ! in/allation ( peace may be    
c\nt$ on to ha/5 ?is c\rse ( ?+s4  ,t a 
decision w be s\ght by rec\rse to =cible
 measures1 is also sc>cely op5 to "q2   
s9ce ! e/abli%$ law & ord] provides = a 
resort to co]cion 9 ! en=cem5t ( ^!     
prescriptive rights1 & s9ce bo? p>ties 9
 int]e/1 9 ?is z 9 o!r cases1 are       
p]suad$ ( ! ju/ice ( _! claims4 ,a      
decision ei!r way is an intol]able      
iniquity 9 ! eyes ( ! los+ side4 ,hi/ory
 tea*es t 9 su* a qu>rel ! rec\rse has  
always be5 to =ce4  ,hi/ory tea*es also1

 b ) an inflection ( d\bt1 t ! outworn  
in/itution 9 su* a conjuncture faces    
dise/abli%m5t4 ,at lea/1 s m5 l to      
believe4 ,:at ! exp]i5ce ( hi/ory does n
 leave 9 d\bt is ! grave damage1        
discom=t & %ame incid5t to ! displacem5t
 ( su* an in/itutional discrepancy by   
su* rec\rse to =ce4 ,:at fur!r appe>s to
 be cle> 9 ! premises1 at lea/ to ! po9t
 ( a /rong presumption1 is t 9 ! pres5t 
case ! decision1 or ! *oice1 lies betwe5
 two alt]natives3 ei!r ! price-sy/em &  
its att5dant bus9ess ent]prise w yield &
 pass out2 or ! pacific nations w       
cons]ve _! pecuni>y s*eme ( law & ord]  
at ! co/ ( return+ to a w> foot+ & lett+
 _! own]s pres]ve ! rights ( own]%ip by 
=ce ( arms4  ,! reflection obvi\sly     
sugge/s itself t ?is prospect (         
consequ5ces to foll[ f ! in/allation (  
peace at l>ge might well be tak5 into   
acc\nt be=eh& by ^? :o are aim+ to "w   
out an endur+ peace4 ,x has appe>$ 9 !  
c\rse ( ! argum5t t ! pres]vation ( !   
pres5t pecuni>y law & ord]1 ) all its   

incid5ts ( own]%ip & inve/m5t1 is       
incompatible ) an unw>like /ate ( peace 
& security4 ,?is curr5t s*eme (         
inve/m5t1 bus9ess1 & sabotage1 %\ld h an
 appreciably bett] *ance ( survival 9 ! 
long run if ! pres5t conditions ( w>like
 prep>ation & national insecurity 7     
ma9ta9$1 or if ! project$ peace 7 left 9
 a some:at problematical /ate1          
suffici5tly prec>i\s to keep national   
animosities al]t1 & !reby to ! neglect (
 dome/ic int]e/s1 p>ticul>ly ( su*      
int]e/s z t\* ! popul> well-be+4 ,on !  
o!r h&1 x has also appe>$ t ! cause (   
peace & its p]petuation might be        
mat]ially advanc$ if precautions 7 tak5 
be=eh& to put out ( ! way z mu* z may be
 ( ^? discrepancies ( int]e/ & s5tim5t  
betwe5 nations & betwe5 classes :i* make
 = diss5sion & ev5tual ho/ilities4  ,s1 
if ! projectors ( ?is peace at l>ge are 
9 any degree incl9$ to seek concessive  
t]ms on :i* ! peace might hopefully be  
made endur+1 x %\ld evid5tly be "p ( _! 
endeav\rs f ! outset to put ev5ts 9 tra9

 = ! pres5t abatem5t & ev5tual          
abrogation ( ! rights ( own]%ip & ( !   
price-sy/em 9 :i* ^! rights take effect4
 ,a hopeful beg9n+ along ?is l9e w\ld   
manife/ly be ! neutralisation ( all     
pecuni>y rights ( citiz5%ip1 z has be5  
indicat$ 9 an e>li] passage4 ,on ! o!r  
h&1 if peace is n desir$ at ! co/ (     
rel9qui%+ ! s*eme ( competitive ga9 &   
competitive sp5d+1 ! promot]s ( peace   
%\ld logically obs]ve due precaution &  
move only s f> 9 ! direction ( a        
peaceable settlem5t z w\ld result 9 a   
suffici5tly un/able equilibrium ( mutual
 jeal\sies2 su* z might exp$iti\sly be  
upset :5ev] discont5t ) pecuni>y affairs
 %\ld come to ?reat5 ?is e/abli%$ s*eme 
( pecuni>y pr]ogatives4   ,,books ,,by  
,,?or/e9 ,,vebl5   ,,! ,,!ory ,,( ,,!   
,,leisure ,,class  ,,! ,,!ory ,,(       
,,bus9ess ,,ent]prise  ,,! ,,in/9ct ,,( 
,,workman%ip  ,,imp]ial ,,g]many ,,& ,,!
 ,,indu/rial ,,revolution  ,,! ,,nature 
,,( ,,peace ,,& ,,! ,,t]ms ,,( ,,its    
,,p]petuation  ,,! ,,high] ,,le>n+ ,,9  

,,am]ica