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,/41 ,new ,york ,city1 ,n4 ,y4 ,port]1 ,john ,j41 #aaii ,! ,t]race1 ,hag]/[n1 ,md4 ,pratt1 ,geo4 ,d41 ,jr1 ,bridgewat]1 ,connecticut4 ,purnell1 ,j4 ,eig]1 ,box #bd1 ,salisbury1 ,m>yl&4 ,putnam1 ,mrs4 ,ell5 ,m41 #abi ,babson ,/41 ,mattapan1 ,mass4 ,re$1 ,c4 ,a41 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,ri*>dson1 ,j4 ,b41 ,lakeside1 ,wa%+ton4 99 ,rick1 ,john1 #dch ,p5nsylvania ,squ>e1 ,read+1 ,pa4 ,riehl1 ,miss ,amelia1 ,godfrey1 ,ill9ois4 ,r[ley1 ,dr4 ,john ,c41 #ajdf ,a%burn ,ave41 ,h>t=d1 ,conn4 ,russell1 ,newton ,h41 #ab ,burnett ,ave41 ,s4 ,hadley ,falls1 ,mass4 ,ryan1 ,h5ry ,e41 ,sund]l&1 ,mass4 ,sawy]1 ,doro?y ,c41 c_/o ,liv+ ,tree ,guild1 #dfh #d? ,ave41 ,new ,york4 ,sefton1 ,p5n+ton1 #id ,lake ,ave41 ,auburn1 ,n4 ,y4 ,s*lag5bus* ,bros41 ,rt4 #c1 ,=t ,madison1 ,i[a4 ,s*lemm]1 ,claire ,d41 ,rt4 #b1 ,fr$]icksburg1 ,virg9ia4 ,s*midt1 ,a4 ,g41 ,naz>e?1 ,p5nsylvania4 ,s*u/]1 ,c4 ,e41 ,horticulturi/1 ,corvallis1 ,oregon4 ,scott1 ,h>ry ,e41 ,p4 ,o4 ,box #aia1 ,pet]sburg1 ,n4 ,y4 ,%]]1 ,j4 ,f41 c_/o ,c4 ,t4 ,%]] ,co41 ,worce/]1 ,mass4 ,slate1 ,george ,l41 ,/ate ,agri4 ,exp]4 ,/ation1 ,g5eva1 ,n4 ,y4 ,smi?1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,russell1 ,sw>?more1 ,p5nsylvania4 ,smi?1 ,leon ,c41 #fj ,day ,ave41 ,we/field1 ,mass4 ,snyd]1 ,d4 ,c41 ,c5t] ,po9t1 ,i[a4 ,sp5ce1 ,h[>d1 ,! ,r$ ,h\se1 ,a9sdale1 ne> ,s\?port1 ,engl&4 ,sp5c]1 ,mrs4 ,may ,r41 #bge ,we/ ,decatur ,/41 ,decatur1 ,ill4 ,/>k ,bros41 ,nurs]ies1 ,l\isiana1 ,miss\ri4 ,/effee1 ,jno4 ,g41 #cag #f? ,ave41 ,new ,york ,city1 ,n4 ,y4 ,/iebel+1 ,mrs4 ,anna ,e41 #adeh ,monroe ,/41 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,/ock+1 ,fr$]ick ,n41 #cdef ,cadillac ,/41 ,detroit1 ,mi*igan4 ,/oke1 ,h4 ,f41 #adba ,watts ,ave41 ,roanoke1 ,virg9ia4 ,/ov]1 ,jacob ,e41 ,spr+wood ,f>ms1 ,york1 ,pa4 ,/rickl&1 ,c4 ,h41 ,sn[ ,hill1 ,m>yl&4 ,taylor1 ,c4 ,w41 #agbc ,eye ,/41 ,eureka1 ,cali=nia4 ,!iss1 ,lewis ,edw91 ,muncy1 ,p5nsylvania4 ,?orpe1 ,w ,j41 #aede ,divis>]o ,/41 ,san ,francisco1 ,calif4 ,tice1 ,david1 ,sav+s ,bank ,build+1 ,lockport1 ,n4 ,y4 ,turn]1 ,lt4 ,g4 ,h41 #icb ,prospect ,ave41 ,portage1 ,wiscons94 ,univ]sity ( ,ill9ois ,libr>y1 ,urbana1 ,ill9ois4 ,van ,met]1 ,w4 ,l41 ,adel1 ,i[a4 ,von ,ammon ,s41 c_/o ,bureau ( ,/&>ds1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,walk]1 ,c4 ,f41 #bhea ,e4 ,ov]look ,rd41 ,clevel& ,heights1 ,ohio4 ,watson1 ,john ,f41 #af ,dumont ,ap>t1 ,lyn*burg1 ,va4 99 ,web]1 ,h>ry ,r41 #abc ,ea/ #f? ,/41 ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio4 ,weidhass1 ,william ,h41 ,ga/on ,/41 ,ea/hampton1 ,mass4 ,wellman1 ,s>geant1 ,w9dridge1 ,topsfield1 ,mass4 ,w5t1 ,rob]t ,e41 #eea ,mc,donough ,/41 ,brooklyn1 ,n4 ,y4 ,wes*cke1 ,c>l1 #ajdh ,l9coln ,ave41 ,/4 ,paul1 ,m9n4 ,wiggleswor?1 ,alfr$4 ,wilk9son1 ,j4 ,f41 ,rockport1 ,indiana4 ,williams1 ,dr4 ,*as4 ,mallory1 ,/on+ton1 ,connecticut4 ,williams1 ,moses1 #ah ,tremont ,/41 ,bo/on1 ,mass4 ,w9dhor/1 ,dr4 ,m4 ,r41 ,univ]sity ,club ,bldg41 ,/4 ,l\is1 ,mo4 99 ,wissman1 ,mrs4 ,f4 de ,r41 #i ,w4 #ed? ,/41 ,new ,york ,city1 ,n4 ,y4 99 ,wi/]1 ,john ,c41 ,cl>kson ,ave4 & ,wi/] ,/41 ,g]mant[n1 ,pa4 ,wright1 ,ross ,pi]1 #bce ,we/ #f? ,/41 ,erie1 ,pa4 ,zimm]man1 ,dr4 ,g4 ,a41 #cb ,s4 #ac? ,/41 ,h>risburg1 ,pa4 99 ,life ,memb]4 ,,con/itution ,,article ,i ,"n4 ,?is ,society %all be kn[n z ! ,,nor!rn ,,nut ,,gr[]s ,,association1 ,,incorporat$4 ,,article ,,ii ,object4 ,its object %all be ! promotion ( int]e/ 9 nut-be>+ plants1 _! products & _! culture4 ,,article ,,iii ,memb]%ip4 ,memb]%ip 9 ?is society %all be op5 to all p]sons :o desire to fur!r nut culture1 )\t ref]5ce to place ( resid5ce or nationality1 subject to ! rules & regulations ( ! committee on memb]%ip4 ,,article ,,iv ,(fic]s4 ,!re %all be a presid5t1 a vice-presid5t1 a secret>y & a treasur]1 :o %all be elect$ by ballot at ! annual meet+2 & an executive committee ( six p]sons1 ( :i* ! presid5t1 ! two la/ retir+ presid5ts1 ! vice-presid5t1 ! secret>y & ! treasur] %all be memb]s4 ,!re %all be a /ate vice-presid5t f ea* /ate1 dep5d5cy1 or c\ntry repres5t$ 9 ! memb]%ip ( ! association1 :o %all be appo9t$ by ! presid5t4 ,,article ,v ,election ( ,(fic]s4 ,a committee ( five memb]s %all be elect$ at ! annual meet+ = ! purpose ( nom9at+ (fic]s = ! foll[+ ye>4 ,,article ,,vi ,meet+s4 ,! place & "t ( ! annual meet+ %all be select$ by ! memb]%ip 9 session or1 9 ! ev5t ( no selection be+ made at ?is "t1 ! executive committee %all *oose ! place & "t = ! hold+ ( ! annual conv5tion4 ,su* o!r meet+s z may seem desirable may be call$ by ! presid5t & executive committee4 ,,article ,,vii ,quorum4 ,t5 memb]s ( ! association %all con/itute a quorum1 b mu/ include two ( ! f\r elect$ (fic]s4 ,,article ,,viii ,am5dm5ts4 ,?is con/itution may be am5d$ by a two-?irds vote ( ! memb]s pres5t at any annual meet+1 notice ( su* am5dm5t hav+ be5 read at ! previ\s annual meet+1 or a copy ( ! propos$ am5dm5t hav+ be5 mail$ by any memb] to ea* memb] ?irty days be=e ! date ( ! annual meet+4 ,,by-,,laws ,,article ,i ,committees4 ,! ,association %all appo9t /&+ committees z foll[s3 ,on memb]%ip1 on f9ance1 on programme1 on press & publication1 on exhibits1 on hybrids1 on survey1 & an audit+ committee4 ,! committee on memb]%ip may make recomm5dations to ! ,association z to ! discipl9e or expulsion ( any memb]4 ,,article ,,ii ,fees4 ,annual memb]s %all pay two doll>s annually4 ,contribut+ memb]s %all pay t5 doll>s annually4 ,life memb]s %all make "o paym5t ( fifty doll>s1 & %all be exempt f fur!r dues & w be entitl$ to same b5efits z annual memb]s4 ,honor>y memb]s %all be exempt f dues4 ,p]petual memb]%ip is eligible to any "o :o leaves at lea/ five hundr$ doll>s to ! ,association & su* memb]%ip on paym5t ( said sum to ! ,association w entitle ! "n ( ! deceas$ to be =ev] enroll$ 9 ! li/ ( memb]s z ,p]petual ) ! words ,9 ,memoriam add$ !reto4 ,funds receiv$ !re= %all be inve/$ by ! ,treasur] 9 int]e/ be>+ securities legal = tru/ funds 9 ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia4 ,only ! int]e/ %all be exp5d$ by ! ,association4 ,:5 su* funds are 9 ! treasury ! ,treasur] %all be bond$4 ,provid$2 t 9 ! ev5t ! ,association becomes defunct or dissolves !n1 9 t ev5t1 ! ,treasur] %all turn ov] any funds held 9 8 h&s = ?is purpose = su* uses1 individuals or companies t ! donor may designate at ! "t he makes ! beque/ or ! donation4 ,,article ,,iii ,memb]%ip4 ,all annual memb]%ips %all beg9 ei!r ) ! fir/ day ( ! cal5d> qu>t] foll[+ ! date ( jo9+ ! ,association1 or ) ! fir/ day ( ! cal5d> qu>t] prec$+ t date z may be arrang$ betwe5 ! new memb] & ! ,treasur]4 ,,article ,,iv ,am5dm5ts4 ,by-laws may be am5d$ by a two-?ird vote ( memb]s pres5t at any annual meet+4 ,,article ,v ,memb]s %all be s5t a notification ( annual dues at ! "t !y are due1 & if n paid )9 two mon?s1 !y %all be s5t a second notice1 tell+ !m t !y are n 9 good /&+ on acc\nt ( non-paym5t ( dues1 & are n entitl$ to receive ! annual report4 ,at ! end ( ?irty days f ! s5d+ ( ! second notice1 a ?ird notice %all be s5t notify+ su* memb]s t unless dues are paid )9 t5 days f ! receipt ( ?is notice1 _! names w be dropp$ f ! rolls = non-paym5t ( dues4 ,,my ,,butt]nut ,! butt]nut crop is always sure ,& rais$ at easy co/1 ,!re is no?+ x w n endure1 ,x is nev] h>m$ by fro/4 ,! hopp] & ! cabbage worm ,c>e n to *ew its leaves1 ,comes wea!r hot or wet or cold1 ,?is /urdy tree ne'er grieves4 ,x has no fe> ( 'tat] bugs1 ,or cultivation's errors1 ,! measly scale f ,san ,jose1 ,& ,gre5 bug br+ no t]rors4 ,no squa% bug races o'er its frame1 ,nor cat]pill> weav+1 ,x is nev] dop$ ) ,p>is ,gre51 ,yet nev] f\nd a griev+4 ,x has no use = bumblebees1 ,no nodules on its feet1 ,b :5 ! fro/ is on ! pumpk9 ,(t has ! hay crop beat4 ,if y wi% a crop t always comes ,)\t an if or b1 ,! sure/ ?+ 9 all ! li/1 ,j plant a butt]nut4 ,,james ,h4 ,,helmick ,columbus ,junction1 ,i[a ,illu/ration3 ,gr&-pa come out to ! butt] nut tree1 ,& crack "s nuts = ,nicodemus & me4 ,report ( ! ,proce$+s at ! ,tw5ty-f\r? ,annual ,conv5tion ( ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s ,association ,incorporat$ ,,septemb] #aa1 #ab1 #aicc ,,d[n+t[n1 ,,p5nsylvania ,! fir/ session conv5$ at #i3jj ,a4 ,m41 ,septemb] #aa? at ,m9quas ,fire ,hall1 ) ,presid5t ,walk] 9 ! *air4 ,! ,presid5t3 ,?is is ! op5+ ( ! #bd? annual conv5tion & ,i w introduce at once = 8 address ( welcome1 ,rev4 ,g4 ,paul ,musselman4 ,rev4 ,g4 ,paul ,musselman3 ,?ank y1 ,mr4 ,walk]4 ,x is my mo/ pleasant duty to welcome y to ,d[n+t[n4 ,d[n+t[n is q an appropriate place = a conv5tion because x is a place :]e we try to prep>e be=eh& = ?+s we believe are go+ to happ51 & try to get ready to prev5t o!r ?+s f happ5+4 ,less ?an a mile f "h to ! nor? are /ret*es ?r\gh ! woods ( infantry brea/works4 ,occupy+ t woods & ^? brea/works 0 ! regim5t "u ! comm& ( ,col4 ,/ew>t4 ,! ,briti% 7 d[n by ! ,br&yw9e to ! s\?1 & x 0 suppos$ ! ,briti% w\ld d ! logical ?+1 :i* !y nev] d1 & come up to take ,d[n+t[n1 :i* 0 at t "t ! mo/ important indu/rial area 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x 0 ! ars5al ( ! ,revolution>y ,w>4 ,x has cont9u$ to gr[ 9 its indu/rial manufactur+ until x is n[ important 9 pap] manufactur+4 ,t we are /ill try+ to prev5t na/y ?+s f happ5+ is /rik+ly evid5t 9 ! fact t we h n _h to call = help to take c>e ( ! p suff]+ f ! depression4 ,! ,community ,*e/ _h1 9 ! beg9n+1 adopt$ a policy ( prep>+ = an em]g5cy by creat+ a fund = ?is purpose & has be5 able to d its "w )\t any o!r ?an ! usual annual drive = funds4 ,! fir/ pap] mill 9 ,am]ica 0 e/abli%$ by ,mr4 ,ritt5h\se & aft] t pap] mills began to be built 9 ?is valley4 ,we h gone ?r\gh a great cycle4 ,! f>ms 9 ?is community us$ to be f>m$ = money1 lat] int]e/ 0 %[n 9 ! mills & ! f>m] f>m$ )\t money4 ,aga9 !y are be+ f>m$ ) money by ! indu/riali/s & bank]s & city m5 :o are com+ out & buy+ up ^! old f>ms = c\ntry places4 ,i am happy to /ate t ! f>ms are com+ into _! own aga94 ,x is ?is class ( p t are int]e/$ 9 su* ?+s z nut trees z some?+ new & diff]5t4 ,x is ,d[n+t[n's faculty ( be+ prep>$ = :at is to come t makes x a p>ticul>ly appropriate place = y\r conv5tion4 ,x is always a little ahead ( ! p>ade4 ,we are pr\d ( our local nut nurs]y :i*1 9 l9e ) ! _s ( ! t[n1 is j a little ahead ( ! p>ade4 ,y too are a little ahead ( ! p>ade1 s 9 t _s ,i welcome y4 ,! ,burgess has direct$ me to welcome y to ,d[n+t[n4 ,i tru/ y\r /ay w be int]e/+ & helpful & we %all c\nt x a privilege = y to call ^u u = any fur!r s]vices y may require4 ,i hope ,i %all be able to g on ! bus trip ) y b ,i am v busy & _c make any promises = ! mom5t4 ,s1 welcome6 ,dr4 ,zimm]man3 ,fell[ memb]s ( ! conv5tion6 ,i am sure t x has be5 a pleasure to receive ! f9e welcome t ,rev4 ,musselman has giv5 u & ,i wi% to assure him t x is a pleasure to be "h4 ,we are p>ticul>ly glad to be 9 ?is di/rict :i* is a l& ( pl5ty comp>$ ) o!r p>ts ( ! c\ntry :i* h suff]$ greatly f ! depression4 ,i am sorry t ,i d n live "h4 ,we nut gr[]s h be5 9 ! habit ( ?9k+ ( gr[+ nut trees on l& :i* is good = no?+ else1 s t x is int]e/+ to f9d nurs]ies us+ ?is good l& & mak+ a success ( nut tree gr[+4 ,9 fact nut culture _h its beg9n+ 9 ?is di/rict ?r\gh ,mr4 ,ru%1 & ,mr4 ,jones & !n ,mr4 ,h]%ey4 ,i d n wi% to take any m ( y\r "t z we h a heavy program & a lot ( good speak]s1 & if !y c add any?+ to nut culture1 ,i %all be happy inde$4 ,dr4 ,zimm]man3 ,we welcome memb]s ( ! ,p5na4 ,nut ,gr[]s ,association4 ,x is _! field day tomorr[ 9 connection ) ours & we welcome !m to ?is conv5tion4 ,! ,presid5t appo9t$ ! resolutions & ! nom9at+ committees4 ,,treasur]',s ,,report ,balance ,septemb] #a1 #aicb z report$ to ,wa%+ton ,conv5tion #h4gi ,/amps & ,canadian money r$eem$ by ,treasur] #c4db ,balance 9 ,lit*field ,sav+s ,society #ae4id ,receipts #bh4ae #bh4ae ,pr(it on ,bus ,trip at ,wa%+ton #ae4jj ,memb]%ips #c4ej old rate4 ,no ,nut ,news #ba #c4ej #gc4ej ,memb]%ips #d4jj new rate4 ,no ,nut ,news #c #d4jj #ab4jj ,memb]%ips #d4ej--c4ej to ,assn4 #a4jj to ,nut ,news #b #d4ej #i4jj ,memb]%ips #e4jj--d4jj to ,assn4 #a4jj to ,nut ,news #dc #e4jj #bae4jj ,memb]%ips #e4jj )\t ,nut ,news #c #e4jj #ae4jj ,memb]%ip #aj4jj--,mr4 ,ellis #aj4jj ,memb]%ip #aj4jj ) ,nut ,news--,mr4 ,neilson #aj4jj ,miscellane\s ,receipts #i4jj ,total ,receipts #cif4fe #cif4fe ,,disbursem5ts ,refund to ,d4 ,c4 ,snyd] #b4jj ,programs ,wa%+ton ,conv5tion #be4jj ,paid ,national ,nut ,news #ch4jj ,memb]%ip ,am]ican ,horticultural ,society #c4jj ,c4 ,a4 ,re$4 ,exp5se ,wa%+ton ,conv5tion #f4gj ,total #gd4gj #gd4gj ,balance to acc\nt = #cba4ie ,lit*field ,sav+s ,society #ae4id ,ca% on h& or 9 bank #cjf4ja ,total #cba4ie #cba4ie ,j4 ,f4 ,jones' ,exp]im5tal ,"w 9 ,hybridiz+ ,filb]ts & ,hazels ,by ,,mildr$ ,,jones ,lanca/]1 ,p5nsylvania ,! fir/ crosses ( ! hybrid filb]ts 7 made 9 ! ye> #aiai4 ,! small plants :5 tak5 f ! nurs]y r[ 7 set #e x #h feet ) ! ?\ght 9 m9d ( tak+ out e o!r bu% 9 ! r[s :5 !y began to cr[d1 & 9 case !y 7 ( value !y c\ld be transplant$ to a p]man5t place4 ,x 0 n ?\ght t _m ( ! plants w\ld be> sup]ior nuts promis+ en\gh to keep long] ?an to obs]ve ! type ( nuts ! bu%es bore4 ,! fir/ lot ( plants1 :i* 7 mo/ly ( ! ,b>celona cross1 bore 9 ! fall ( #aibd4 ,! object 9 view ma9ly 0 to produce1 if possible1 a v>iety or v>ieties t c\ld be made a comm]cial proposition "h or else:]e 9 ! ea/]n ,u4 ,s4 ,n v mu* 0 ?\ght at ! "t ab\t ! flavor or ! quality ( ! k]nel4 ,! ma9 ?\ght 0 to get away f ! corky sub/ance adh]+ to ! k]nel ( ! mo/ ( ! filb]ts4 ,b>celona1 ! ma9 comm]cial nut 9 ! ,we/1 has a lot ( ?is1 :i* makes ! k]nel unattractive & is probably m or less injuri\s to ! dige/ive sy/em because ( ! tann9 cont5t4 ,aft] ?is fault 0 elim9at$ x 0 go+ to be necess>y to "w = size & quality ( ! nut4 ,! filb]t blight has n be5 f\nd on our place1 s n mu* /ress 0 put on ! po9t ( produc+ a blight-resi/ant or blight-free filb]t4 ,probably if we _h ! filb]t blight we w\ld consid] x m s]i\sly4 ,! me?od us$ 9 cross+ ^! hybrids 0 to remove ! catk9s on ! pi/illate plant at any "t be=e !y develop$ & scatt]$ _! poll54 ,! wood conta9+ ! catk9s to be us$ = poll9at+ 0 obs]v$ closely 9 ord] to br+ x 9 at ! same "t ) ! ,ru% pi/illates by cutt+ & hold+ back 9 a cold cell> aft] ! catk9s 7 swell+ well4 ,?is 0 ! ,b>celona :i* blooms v e>ly4 ,! ,italian ,r$1 ,cos=d & ,giant ,de ,halles bloom lat] ?an ! ,ru% s ?is 0 ano!r problem4 ,^! 7 =c$ by cutt+ & putt+ 9 a sunny w9d[4 ,9 cutt+ wood = poll9at+1 ! cutt+s %\ld be l>ge4 ,! /or$ up />* 9 ! wood !n gives ! catk9s m to draw on4 ,app>5tly ! filb]t catk9s & pi/illates develop entirely f ! /or$ up />* 9 ! wood & d n draw on ! roots at all4 ,?is be+ s x 0 figur$ !y w\ld develop j z well (f ! bu%4 ,! la/ poll9at+ on ! ,ru% 0 done 9 ! spr+ ( #aiba4 ,! catk9s appe>$ to be all "r & ! limbs 7 cut & /or$ 9 ! cell>4 ,^! 7 tak5 f ! ,du,chilly4 ,f9d+ !y did n respond promptly to w>m? x 0 se5 t ! catk9s 7 dry+ up & gett+ /iff4 ,z ,fa!r 0 v anxi\s to use ?is v>iety he tri$ soak+ ! limbs 9 wat] & !n expos$ !m to ! sun4 ,"s ( ! catk9s only swell$ & !n appe>$ to /op4 ,! soak+ 0 !n repeat$ mak+ x sev]al h\rs & aga9 !y 7 expos$ to ! sun & w>m?4 ,mo/ ( !m develop$ nicely aft] ?is treatm5t4 ,z ^? on ! bu% dri$ up & turn$ black x 0 ?\ght probably ! poll5 us$ aft] treat$ z j m5tion$ 0 n good1 b ! pi/illates develop$ promptly aft] be+ poll9at$ & ! bu% produc$ a l>ge crop ( nuts4 ,i suppose ^! _h be5 injur$ 9 ! w9t]1 b x w\ld seem surpris+ t !y c\ld be made to develop artificially & ! poll5 be good4 ,x 0 f\nd t ,ru% cross$ ,cos=d made ! l>ge/ nuts b ! k]nels ( ^! nuts 7 n ( ! be/ quality4 ,on our ea/]n m>ket ,i ?9k x w be f\nd t ! long] type nuts w br+ ! premium 9 price4 ,i f9d 9 sell+ ! nuts t p mo/ly desire ! long] nuts1 b w take ! o!r nuts if !y _c get ! long] ones4 ,?is pa/ spr+ we tri$ to graft sev]al ( ! mo/ promis+ hybrids 9 ! old] block ( trees4 ,we us$ ! modifi$ cleft graft me?od & we set ! grafts on lay]$ plants ( ! ,b>celona filb]t :i* 7 l9$ out 9 ,april4 ,we graft$ !m 9 ,may aft] ! lay]s _h />t$ to gr[4 ,out ( #bjj plants graft$ we h gr[+ #af nice plants f #ah to #bd in*es tall1 an #h /&4 ,! roots ( ! ,b>celona lay]s di$ also on ! grafts t fail$ to live4 ,i believe ! ma9 tr\ble 9 ?is exp]im5t 0 t !re 0 n en\gh root sy/em to c>ry ! graft r ?an ! fault ( ! graft+1 z mo/ ( ! grafts />t$ to gr[4 ,we %\ld h tri$ graft+ on lay]s e/abli%$ "o ye> & we w try ?is next spr+4 ,we h sev]al v promis+ filb]ts 9 ! old] block ( be>+ plants4 ,! ,bu*anan1 ,no4 #ib1 0 nam$ = ,presid5t ,bu*anan1 ! only ,presid5t ( ! ,u4 ,s4 f ,p5nsylvania1 ^: home is 9 ,lanca/]4 ,no4 #bjj is also an excell5t plant & 0 class$ by my ,fa!r z "o ( ! be/ 9 ! collection4 ,?is plant has n be5 giv5 a "n z yet4 ,i w\ld l to h a "n sugge/$ t w\ld be suitable4 ,^! two plants j m5tion$ be> nuts v mu* ! %ape ( ,italian ,r$4 ,! k]nels come out ) little or no corky sub/ance on ! k]nel4 ,! flavor is v good & ! plants h borne v well4 ,we h a plant call$ ,b4 ,lett]s 7 giv5 to ! plants :]e mice got 9 ! se$ b$s & mix$ ! nuts4 ,! nut ( ?is plant is m ! %ape ( ,b>celona & is v good4 ,x also be>s well4 ,9 ! y\ng] block ( plants we h q a few promis+ plants b ^! mu/ be te/$ fur!r be=e we c say any?+ def9ite = or aga9/ !m4 ,i notice consid]able leaf burn 9 ! block ( hybrids s9ce ! sev]e /orm we _h two weeks ago4 ,q a few ( ! nuts 7 knock$ (f too b !re is /ill a good crop :i* y w see tomorr[4 ,s9ce my ,fa!r di$ we h n done any hybridiz+4 ,we hope to d s 9 ! future z ! "w is v int]e/+4 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,ye> be=e la/ ,i b\ght #b lbs4 ( suppos$ly /ratifi$ nuts4 ,i plant$ !m b only "o or two came up4 ,?is ye> !y h made a pretty fair />t s ,i "k x takes two ye>s to g]m9ate4 ,x seems z ?\gh x sometimes takes ?ree ye>s because ^! 7 /ratifi$ = a ye> & x took !m two ye>s to come up aft] ,i _h !m plant$4 ,i ?9k y c\ld probably get "s /ratifi$ nuts f ,c>lton ,nurs]y ,co41 ,c>lton1 ,oregon4 ,i s5t to ,c>lton = m9e b !y 7 %ipp$ by someone else4 ,x is my belief t ! ,c>lton ,nurs]y ,co4 controls ! supply1 s y w h to write to !m = !m4 ,i h ?ree or f\r doz5 trees out ( ! fir/ plant+4 ,!y 7 plant$ 9 a v cr[d$ position among walnut trees b are do+ surpris+ly well4 ,! trees are n[ ?ree ye>s old & are %\ld] high4 ,pr(4 ,slate3 ,i plant$ "s ,turki% hazel nuts4 ,!y h be5 plant$ two ye>s & h n yet come up1 b ,i believe !y w next ye>1 z !y take two ye>s to g]m9ate4 ,! foll[+ is a li/ ( h\ses :]e se$ ( diff]5t species c be obta9$4 ,submitt$ by ! c\rtesy ( ,miss ,jones3 ,s\rces ( ,,corylus ,,*95sis ,hilli] ,bros41 ,w9*e/]1 ,engl&4 ,vilmor9 ,co41 ,p>is1 ,france4 ,,corylus ,,colurna ,c>lton ,nurs]y ,co41 ,c>lton1 ,ore4 ,c4 ,,tibitica ,=e/ ,exp]im5t ,/ation1 ,dehra ,dun1 ,briti% ,india4 ,notes on ! ,comm]cial ,crack+ ( ,black ,walnuts ,by ,h4 ,f4 ,,/oke1 ,roanoke1 ,virg9ia ,a ye> ago ,i report$ to ?is body an exp]im5t 9 ! comm]cial production ( black walnut k]nels by factory me?ods1 includ+ ! use ( a p[]-driv5 crack+ device4 ,dur+ ! pa/ ye> ! exp]im5t 0 cont9u$1 ) ! v>iation t ! %ell+ 0 done z a home indu/ry r ?an z a factory op]ation4 ,t5 families 7 furni%$ ) h&-p[] crack+ devices & ! :ole nuts 7 deliv]$ to _! homes4 ,! work]s receiv$ #aj;c p] p\nd = crack+ & pick+ out ! k]nels & 9 addition reta9$ ! %ells = fuel4 ,=ty-five ?\s& p\nds ( nuts 7 us$ 9 ! exp]im5t = :i* a uni=m price ( #a p] hundr$ weight 0 paid4 ,! m effici5t & consci5ti\s work]s produc$ z high z #ae ( k]nels p] unit ( :ole nuts1 :i* 0 slightly bett] ?an ! production by factory me?ods4 ,! g5]al av]age1 h[ev]1 0 ar\nd #ab-a_/b1 or ab\t ! same = bo? me?ods4 ,z to quality ( product !re 0 no appreciable diff]5ce4 ,x is necess>y to ex]cise great] c>e 9 ! selection ( work]s :]e ! "w is done 9 homes )\t sup]vision ?an 9 ! factory4 ,by actual exp]i5ce x 0 f\nd t "s work]s w\ld produce less ?an half ! p]c5tage made by ! m effici5t work]s4 ,su* work]s 7 dropp$4 ,:]e relatively small quantities ( nuts are to be %ell$ !re is little to be *os5 betwe5 ! home-indu/ry me?od & su* factory me?od z 0 us$ by me4 ,! co/ ( deliv]+ ! nuts to ! homes may be r\ghly set ov] aga9/ ! co/ ( op]at+ a factory4 ,bas$ on ! h\rs ( "w requir$ to produce a giv5 quantity ( k]nels1 ! factory me?od is m effici5t4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! home work] w "w = a small] wage p] h\r4 ,:]e l>ge quantities ( nuts are available1 comm]cial crack+ by ma*9e me?ods w be increas+ly us$ 9 ! future1 especially if economic conditions s f> improve t p w no long] "w = />vation wages4 ,po9t is giv5 to ?is obs]vation by ! fact t local buy]s paid f #h to #ae;c = c\ntry-produc$ k]nels la/ season1 :ile my b>e co/1 )\t ov]head or pr(it1 0 #bj;c p] p\nd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! mo/ notable advance t has come to my att5tion dur+ ! pa/ ye> 9 ! way ( comm]cial production ( black walnut k]nels is t contribut$ by ,mr4 ,c4 ,e4 ,w]n]1 ,presid5t ( ! ,=e/ ,p>k ,nut ,company1 ( ,ottawa1 ,kansas4 ,mr4 ,w]n]1 :o is #hd ye>s ( age & a vet]an inv5tor ) sev]al notable inv5tions to 8 cr$it1 has design$ & built a ma*9e t seems to m>k a new era 9 black walnut k]nel production4 ,?is ma*9e1 :i* is m\nt$ on a truck1 is n only us$ = ! local op]ations ( ! company1 b is mov$ f place to place 9 ! p]=mance ( cu/om "w1 aft] ! mann] ( a gra9 ?re%+ outfit4 ,m5tion is made 9 company correspond5ce ( crack+ tw5ty ?\s& bu%els ( nuts = "o cu/om] 9 s\?we/ ,miss\ri4 ,! foll[+ details 7 suppli$ by ! manag] ( ! company4 ,! ma*9e has a capacity ( f #ge to #ajj p\nds ( k]nels p] h\r4 ,z !y come f ! ma*9e !y c>ry n m ?an #aj %ells1 & run f #bh to #cj full qu>t]s4 ,aft] be+ h& clean$ ! net recov]y ( k]nels repres5ts f #aj to #aa-a_/b ( ! weight ( ! :ole nuts4 ,cu/om "w is *>g$ = at ! rate ( f #c to #e;c p] p\nd = ! k]nels produc$4 ,! co/ ( ! f9al h& clean+ & packag+ is giv5 z #b;c p] p\nd1 :i* makes a total production co/ ( f #e to #g;c p] p\nd4 ,! op]ation ( ! ma*9e may be briefly describ$ z foll[s3 ,! nuts are run ?r\gh a revolv+ scre5 :i* sep>ates & cleans !m f all adh]+ husk & grades !m into ?ree sizes4 ,!y !n pass ?r\gh ! crack] & !nce1 by conveyor belt1 to ! pick]4 ,?is +5i\s device holds ! brok5 nuts ) s(t rubb] rolls :ile a set ( f+]s lit]ally pick ! k]nels f ! %ells4 ,c>eful sift+ is ! la/ /ep z ! k]nels leave ! ma*9e1 aft] :i* !y are h&-pick$ to remove any rema9+ pieces ( %ell4 ,! own]s advise t ! ma*9e has be5 built prim>ily = _! own use1 & has n yet be5 (f]$ = sale4 ,!y w\ld1 h[ev]1 consid] build+ ! ma*9es = sale4 ,:ile ! subject assign$ me did n include ! m>ket+ ( k]nels1 ,i _c refra9 f /at+ t no commodity is 9 great] ne$ ( ord]ly1 organiz$ m>ket+4 ,9 ! meantime ,i w\ld urge ! small produc] to cultivate 8 own local m>ket z f> z possible & refuse to produce at unpr(itable prices4 ,crack$ black walnuts make an excell5t supplem5t>y fe$ = gr[+ *icks & lay+ h5s4 ,i adv]tis$ 9 ! ,rural ,new ,york]1 ,! ,am]ican ,magaz9e & ,bett] ,homes & ,g>d5s4 ,mr4 ,h]%ey advis$ me ,i w\ld g broke adv]tis+ b ,i want$ to see :at w\ld happ54 ,! ,rural ,new ,york] gave ! be/ results4 ,i got #a4be = a #b-lb4 package4 ,! k]nels 7 9 clean1 fir/-class condition4 ,i notic$ "s 7 adv]tis$ z l[ z #ie;c = two p\nds4 ,"s p 9 answ]+ my adv]tisem5t said !y _h b\ght o!rs t 7 n 9 fir/-class condition4 ,i _h no compla9ts ab\t m9e4 ,9 ,bett] ,homes & ,g>d5s ,i did n get en\gh ord]s to pay = my adv]tis+4 ,i w\ld n advise anyone to adv]tise !re or 9 ! ,am]ican ,magaz9e1 z ,i got v poor results4 ,i ev5 got a bad *eck4 ,! ,rural ,new ,york] 0 v satisfactory4 ,! prices ,i paid locally 7 f 4#je to 4#jh & sometimes 4#aj to 4#ae to old cu/om]s4 ,twelve & a half c5ts 0 ! av]age price4 ,i ?9k maybe ,i %\ld h adv]tis$ 9 a confection]s' j\rnal 9 ord] to rea* a l>ge consum] s\rce1 b ,i felt at ! "t t ,i 0 us+ ! only way ,i _h ( rea*+ a m>ket4 ,?is c>ton 7%[+ a mail+ conta9]7 is a #b-p\nd c>ton :i* ,i us$ 9 %ipp+ 9 response to mail ord]s4 ,x makes a v nice package t is receiv$ 9 good condition4 ,i might add t ! cont5ts are #ej cubic in*es4 ,"q3 ,d y use a pap] bag inside8 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,i l9e x ) wax pap]4 ,i made a =m & fold ! wax pap] ar\nd x to get ! size4 ,?is makes a neat l9+ & !n ,i j p\r 9 ! nuts & fold ! top d[n4 ,mr4 ,graham3 ,d y notice mu* diff]5ce 9 ! k]nels8 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,n 9 black walnuts4 ,i f\nd a few nuts :i* ,i c\ld n use4 ,! be/ nuts ,i f\nd ?is ye> 7 9 & ab\t our locality4 ,mr4 ,smi?3 ,did y try (f]+ prizes8 ,mr4 ,h]%ey & ,i once got almo/ tipsy te/+ a lot ( walnuts 9 a prize conte/4 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,no4 ,! be/ nuts ,i got w\ld score n high] ?an ! ,?omas4 ,!y 7 br\ght 9 by diff]5t p & mix$ toge!r s t ,i 0 unable to tell _! s\rce4 ,! ,presid5t3 ,d y d y\r sep>at+ ( k]nel & %ell by h&8 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,yes4 ,i use sieves1 too4 ,i use fir/ a #c_/h x #c_/d in* me%4 ,x w take out mo/ ( ! %ell4 ,!n = a m9imum size1 ! be/ is #h me% to an in*1 z us$ by ! ,=e/ ,p>k ,nut ,co41 ,ottawa1 ,kans4 ,?is is small] me% & elim9ates ! small] bits ( %ell4 ,mr4 ,h]%ey3 ,did y h any correspond5ce ) ^? p8 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,i 0 int]e/$ 9 _! ma*9e = crack+ nuts & ,i wrote ! company a lett]4 ,two or ?ree mon?s lat] ,i receiv$ a lett] f ,mr4 ,w]n]1 a son ( ,mr4 ,c4 ,e4 ,w]n]1 & :o sign$ himself z ,l5 ,w]n] ( ! ,w]n] ,/eel ,products ,co41 & ,i receiv$ details & facts ab\t ! ma*9e4 ,he ask$ me if ,i w\ld be int]e/$ 9 buy+ a ma*9e or r5t+ on a basis ( k]nel production4 ,! y\ng] ,mr4 ,w]n] said !y built ! ma*9e = !mselves b c\ld supply ord]s if !y came 94 ,miss ,sawy]3 ,did y get any in=mation on ! price8 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,no1 none :atev]4 ,x seems to be tak5 f place to place m\nt$ on a truck & cracks ! nuts "r on ! job4 ,mr4 ,re$3 ,d y h any difficulty 9 crack+ nuts :5 !y are dry8 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,! nut cracks be/ :5 n too wet or too dry b j "r4 ,if too dry1 !y are too brittle & y break up ! k]nels too mu*1 also get too _m spalls ( %ells4 ,if wet y h o!r tr\bles4 ,9 ! ,s\? & ,s\?we/ ! summ]s get hot & s "s nuts get rancid4 ,! sweet type t h less oil seem to /& up bett]4 ,"q3 ,d y ev] /eam nuts be=e crack+8 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,no1 ,i hav5't4 ,to keep !m 9 a damp atmosph]e is also n good4 ,nuts %\ld be kept dry :ile 9 /orage4 ,k]nels %\ld also be kept 9 a dry place4 ,i put !m 9 trays ( wire me% & if ! nuts are too gre5 or ,i am 9 a hurry = !m1 ,i turn on ! electric fan4 ,la/ ,fall ,i put "s 9 cold /orage 9 ,decemb]4 ,i also put "s 9 cold /orage 9 ,may & ,i f\nd t ,i w\ld n h ne$$ to put any 9 cold /orage until ,may z !y h kept j z nicely z ^? /or$ e>li]4 ,b ,i f9d x is ess5tial to h ! k]nels ?or\ghly dri$ be=e !y are put away4 ,if ?or\ghly dri$ !y w n mold1 b if kept 9 too w>m a place !y w turn rancid4 ,to keep !m 9 a damp atmosph]e is also n good4 ,if !y are treat$ "r !y w keep indef9itely4 ,dr4 ,zimm]man3 ,mr4 ,/oke1 h[ _m nuts did y crack8 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,ab\t #dj1jjj or #ej1jjj lbs4 ,mr4 ,re$3 ,:at did y d ) scre5+s8 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,i f$ !m to ! *ick5s4 ,"s said t !y w\ld keep ! *ick5s f lay+ b ,i f\nd t by mix+ ab\t #be ) ord9>y ma% x work$ f9e4 ,mr4 ,h]%ey3 ,did y f9d t x made ! egg %ells h>d8 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,no1 ! *ick5s _h too mu* s5se4 ,"q3 ,:at p]c5t d y lose 9 siev+8 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,:5 ,i did my f9e siev+1 ,i us$ a #d-;in* scre54 ,! %ells 7 tak5 out entirely4 ,i lo/1 maybe1 #d4 ,pr(4 ,re$3 ,d y p 9 ,virg9ia h local names = diff]5t types ( walnuts8 ,:at is ! swamp black walnut8 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,my own op9ion is t !re is only "o black walnut 9 ! ,ea/4 ,we h a butt]nut t "s p call ! ,engli% walnut & "s ! :ite walnut4 ,! ,japanese walnut is sometimes call$ an ,engli% walnut4 ,we also h ! ,engli% or ,p]sian walnut4 ,pr(4 ,re$3 ,i believe ! botani/s recognize only ! "o black walnut4 ,pr(4 ,slate3 ,i d n ?9k !re is m ?an "o k9d4 ,mr4 ,/oke3 ,x is int]e/+ to "k t :ile ! black walnut has be5 high] 9 price ?an ! ,engli% walnut1 s t manufactur]s h be5 sub/itut+ ! ,engli% walnut = ! black walnut1 ?is ye> ! black walnut has dropp$ z mu* z #aj;c p] p\nd "u ! ,engli% & is n[ ab\t #e;c1 ,i believe4 ,consequ5tly ! black walnut has come into its own & is n[ be+ sub/itut$ = ! ,engli% walnut4 ,mr4 ,frey3 ,i w\ld l to m5tion alt]nate ye>s 9 be>+4 ,if apple trees c be made to give a fair crop ea* ye> by good c>e1 fe$+ & spray+1 x is my ?\ght t walnut trees w d ! same ?+ "u ! same conditions4 ,b we mu/ rememb] t =m+ ! h>d %ell is a mo/ difficult ?+ = a tree to d4 ,pr(4 ,neilson3 ,i %\ld l to draw y\r att5tion to a draw+ s5t me by ,j4 ,u4 ,gellatly4 7,! pap] 0 held up = all to see47 ,j look at ! size ( ! leaves4 ,t is a trac+ ( ! leaf ( a hybrid ,engli% walnut & he>tnut4 ,he s5t x along z evid5ce ( its vigor ( gr[?4 ,?is l>ge comp\nd hybrid leaf measur$ #bg in*es f tip ( ! leaf to ! bottom ( ! la/ leaflet1 exclusive ( ! /em :i* 0 #e in*es long4 ,_m ( ! l>g] leaflets measur$ #e #i in*es1 %ape1 oblong ovate1 edges ( leaf1 s]rate1 total wid? ( comp\nd leaf1 #ag in*es4 ,dr4 ,smi?3 ,i %\ld l to sugge/ to ,mr4 ,frey t ! !ory he sugge/$ might be support$ if ! tree 7 plac$ 9 a p>ticul>ly favorable location4 ,mr4 ,h]%ey3 ,i %\ld l to rem9d ! audi5ce ( ,judge ,pott] :o told me "s ye>s ago t on 8 f>m 9 ,s\!rn ,ill9ois he got ?ree d\bles ( 8 mead[ grove ( ab\t #ej hickory trees1 by us+ pl5ty ( good horse manure1 phosphoric acid1 & pota%4 ,! increases 7 t he d\bl$ ! am\nt ( gr[? & ! size ( ! nut & *ang$ ! trees f alt]nate be>+ to ye>ly be>+4 ,black ,walnut ,notes = #aicc ,by ,c4 ,a4 ,,re$1 ,associate ,pomologi/ ,fruit & ,vegetable ,crops & ,diseases ,u4 ,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture ,a numb] ( developm5ts 9 connection ) ! black walnut indu/ry ( ! ,ea/ h tak5 place dur+ ! la/ #ab mon?s :i* appe> to be ( su* importance z to ju/ify special record at ?is "t4 ,"s ( ^! h to d ) ! production & m>ket+ ( & prices receiv$ =1 ! wild product1 o!rs ) c]ta9 features 9 connection ) or*>d & nurs]y managem5t1 & /ill o!rs ) walnut relation%ips bo? inside & outside ( ! g5us4 ,! ,black ,walnut ,k]nel ,indu/ry ,production ( black walnut k]nels 9 ?is c\ntry is fully #ii p] c5t f se$l+ trees ( ! fields1 =e/s1 roadsides & doory>ds4 ,t f or*>d & top-work$ trees1 :ile n[ consid]ably on ! increase1 due to rec5t activity 9 plant+ & top-work+1 w h>dly become ( relative importance = "s ye>s to come4 ,! wild crop is actually on ! increase ea* ye>1 due p>tly to great] c>e n[ tak5 ( old be>+ trees & p>tly to ! l>ge numb] ( "y trees com+ into be>+ ea* ye> b m l>gely to ! great] ext5t to :i* nuts are n[ be+ ga!r$ & n all[$ to decay on ! gr\nd4 ,?is increase 9 production is work+ bo? = & aga9/ ! p]man5t welf>e ( ! indu/ry1 & by ?is use ( ! t]m indu/ry1 x is meant to include ! cultivat$ z well z ! uncultivat$ phases4 ,consumption has increas$ trem5d\sly4 ,no figures are available z to ei!r total production or p]c5tage ( total crop :i* is /ill all[$ ea* ye> to rema9 on ! gr\nd until x becomes decompos$4 ,h[ev]1 x is ! op9ion ( ,baltimore m]*ants :o h long h&l$ ?is product t 9 c]ta9 l>ge di/ricts ! wild nuts are n[ ga!r$ closely & t v few are all[$ to decay on ! gr\nd4 ,!re is no available in=mation ^u :i* to base a curve z to ! probable increase 9 production :i* may be expect$ f "y trees j beg9n+ to be> or ! ?\s&s /ill too "y to be> or yet ! o!r ?\s&s to be plant$ by squirrels ea* ye>4 ,:e!r or n ! increase 9 consumption & its co9cid5t *ange 9 eat+ habits ( ! ,am]ican p w prove p]man5t aft] ! return ( normal times1 rema9s to be se51 b x may be accept$ z fact t ! future ( ?is c\ntry is likely to see great] competition 9 ! home m>kets among foods ?an has be5 ! case 9 ! pa/ & t1 ev5tually1 only ^? hav+ ! greate/ values 9 nutrition & palatability w survive4 ,salesman%ip may defeat ?is = a :ile b ultimately1 palatability assum$1 ca% values & human ta/es w mo/ c]ta9ly arrive at pretty mu* ! same po9t4 ,! ultimate future ( ! walnut w\ld !re=e appe> to dep5d l>gely ^u its ability to become "o ( ! fitte/ surviv]s4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important developm5ts dur+ ! pa/ ye> is ( v rec5t occurr5ce4 ,x is ! fact t ! #aicc season is op5+ ) ! highe/ prices receiv$ dur+ ! la/ two ye>s4 ,?is may 9 "p be due to reports t ! outlook 9 ! ,t5nessee--,k5tucky--,virg9ia & ,nor? ,c>ol9a di/rict is = a light crop4 ,accord+ to ,baltimore m]*ants :o h rec5tly be5 consult$1 consumption la/ ye> 0 ! greate/ 9 hi/ory &1 :ile prices rea*$ ! l[e/ level s9ce ! depression began1 relatively speak+1 ! total drop has probably n be5 z great z = o!r food products dur+ ! same p]iod4 ,^! m]*ants look =w>d ) confid5ce to a cont9uance ( increas$ consumption4 ,?is =eca/ is enc\rag+1 b x is bas$ on ! assumption t !re w be cont9u$ improvem5t 9 ! mann] ( h&l+ & pack+ ! k]nels = deliv]y4 ,at pres5t1 consid]able ov]head is usually *>g$ back to ! f>m]s because ( labor involv$ 9 clean+1 grad+1 & sometimes cur+1 aft] ! k]nels rea* ! city m]*ants4 ,?is h&l+ is necess>y ) mu* ( ! output 9 ord] t x may be made acceptable to ! manufactur]s4 ,"o ( ! mo/ desirable *>act]i/ics 9 connection ) ! sale ( black walnut k]nels is brightness ( color4 ,?is is a matt] l>gely due to ! mann] ( h&l+ dur+ ! process ( h>ve/+1 cur+1 & crack+4 ,once ! k]nels become d>k1 !y _c be bright5$ except by blea*+ & remov+ ! pellicles4 ,h[ev]1 ! importance ( prompt ga!r+ z soon z ! nuts fall f ! trees1 remov+ ! hulls1 & cur+ ! nuts _c be ov]e/imat$4 ,^! are matt]s easily )9 ! ability ( ! produc]s to adju/4 ,! ,or*>d ,indu/ry ,on ! or*>d side ( ! indu/ry1 sev]al developm5ts may be li/$1 al?\gh ! majority are m]ely old developm5ts newly emphasiz$4 ,black walnut trees1 se$l+s & graft$ trees alike t5d to be> full crops n (t5] ?an dur+ alt]nate ye>s1 & ) conditions at all unfavorable1 full crops may be delay$ = sev]al ye>s4 ,graft$ trees ( _m v>ieties beg9 to be> _! fir/ fruits q z promptly z ) apples4 ,n infrequ5tly walnuts appe> by ! end ( ! second ye> aft] graft+4 ,?is is especially true ) top-work$ trees4 ,rec5t ,adv]se ,wea!r ,conditions ,! spr+ & summ] season ( #aicc made an adv]se comb9ation 9 "s localities4 ,9 ! ,ohio & ,mississippi ,riv] ,sections1 ! result 0 disa/r\s to a l>ge "p ( ! crop4 ,9 ^? sections1 ,may 0 an exce$+ly ra9y mon?4 ,june 0 equally hot & dry4 ,x is 9 ,may t ! blossom+ p]iods ( mo/ v>ieties ( walnut occur1 also x is !n t mo/ ( ! nurs]y graft+ is p]=m$4 ,ins(> z poll9ation 0 conc]n$1 !re 7 probably en\gh h\rs ( sun%9e dur+ ! blossom+ p]iod = ! di/ribution ( poll5 to h be5 adequate & effective4 ,on "s ( ! trees ! ra9s came at j ! "r "t to wa% practically all ( ! poll5 to ! gr\nd4 ,_h x n be5 = lat] poll9at+ trees ei!r ( ! same v>iety1 or ( o!r v>ieties1 or ev5 ( se$l+s 9 ! neighborhood1 x is probable t no nuts w\ld h set4 ,h[ev] ! actual set 0 ab\t normal1 b ! heat & dr\? :i* foll[$ result$ 9 a drop :i* took ! great] "p ( ! crop4 ,a pecan gr[] 9 s\?we/]n ,indiana1 ) betwe5 #cjj & #djj graft$ trees n[ ( be>+ age1 rec5tly report$ t 9 ,augu/ he 0 unable to f9d a s+le nut 9 8 entire or*>d4 ,! result has n be5 q z s]i\s ) ! walnuts4 ,nev]!less1 ! crop prospects are report$ to be n at all bright4 ,nurs]y graft+ 9 s\!rn ,indiana _h lit]ally to be p]=m$ betwe5 %[]s4 ,sap fl[ 0 excessive & ! result+ /& bel[ normal4 ,! heat & dr\? :i* foll[$ kill$ outright _m ( ! scions :i* _h begun to gr[4 ,?us1 9 t section ! or*>di/s lo/ mo/ ( _! crops & ! nurs]ym5 mo/ ( _! grafts4 ,walnut ,relation%ips ,9 reg>d to walnut relation%ips )9 ! g5us1 cont9u$ /udies h l$ to c]ta9 conclusions :i* w\ld appe> to be> m5tion+4 ,"o ( ^! is to ! effect t n all s-call$ butt]japs appe> to owe _! orig9 to /am9ate p>5tage ( butt]nut b t !y may be due to *ance crosses ( ei!r ,japanese walnut ) ,p]sian or possibly black walnut1 or q z (t5 to rev]sion to ! true ,man*urian walnut1 ,juglans m&s*urica4 ,hybrids & ,int]m$iate ,=ms ,x is g5]ally kn[n t natural hybridity occurs s frequ5tly betwe5 almo/ any two species ( ,juglans :5 gr[+ toge!r & blossom+ simultane\sly t x is unwise to plant ! se$ ( ei!r if pure types are desir$4 ,int]m$iate =ms1 evid5tly betwe5 ,p]sian 7,engli%7 & black are fairly common ?r\gh\t ! ,ea/4 ,! ,james ,riv] & ,o',connor hybrids are well kn[n typical examples4 ,su* hybrids are mo/ apt to occur 9 vic9ities ( ,p]sian walnut trees4 ,crosses 9 :i* ! ,p]sian walnut is ! /am9ate or poll5 produc+ p>5t may sometimes occur b if s1 !y h nev] come to ! att5tion ( ! writ]4 ,crosses betwe5 ^! two species commonly h ! ,p]sian walnut z ! pi/illate or nut produc+ p>5t4 ,! mo/ commonly se5 =ms :i* appe> to be due to hybridity are 9 ! case ( c]ta9 ,japanese walnut se$l+s 9 ! ,ea/4 ,! (fspr+ ( ^! trees frequ5tly takes on mu* ( ! "* ( ! ,am]ican butt]nut4 ,nuts ( ?is type h be5 recogniz$ by ?is ,association & o!r au?orities z butt]japs4 ,9 8 ,manual ( ,am]ican ,trees1 ,dr4 ,alb]t ,h4 ,rehd] ( ! ,arnold ,arboretum1 ,jamaica ,pla9s1 ,mass41 recognizes crosses betwe5 ! ,japanese walnut & ,am]ican butt]nut "u ! te*nical "n ( ,juglans bixbyi aft] ! late ,will>d ,g4 ,bixby ( ! ,association by :om ! matt] 0 call$ to 8 att5tion4 ,h[ev]1 x is n c]ta9 t nuts def9itely kn[n to repres5t a cross betwe5 ^! two species h yet be5 br\ght to notice4 ,butt]japs ,x has be5 commonly assum$ t nuts ( ! butt]nut type1 f trees gr[n f ,japanese walnut se$ are due to butt]nut hybridity1 b ! !ory is cle>ly op5 to reasonable d\bt4 ,nuts ( ?is id5tical type are common 9 ! ori5t :]e ! butt]nut does n occur & also !y sometimes occur 9 ?is c\ntry on trees gr[n f import$ ,japanese walnut se$4 ,! late ,lu!r ,burbank wrote ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture 9 #ahii t 9 ,cali=nia :]e he _h gr[n _m ?\s&s ( se$l+s f bo? import$ & ,cali=nia gr[n se$1 he 0 unable to detect ! slighte/ diff]5ces 9 foliage1 yet ! trees 7 apt to produce nuts ( any "o ( ?ree types !n kn[n z ,juglans sieboldiana1 ,j4 cordi=mis or ,j4 m&s*urica4 ,he wrote t ,!y all run toge!r & are evid5tly all f ! butt]nut family4 ,an au!ntic case ( butt]japs f import$ se$ 0 made public dur+ ! fir/ annual meet+ ( ! ,p5nsylvania ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association :i* 0 held 9 ,h>risburg on ,janu>y #aa ( ?is ye>4 ,butt]japs 7 on display dur+ t meet+ :i* _h be5 gr[n by ,mr4 ,ross ,pi] ,wright ( ,erie1 ,pa41 f se$ :i* he _h import$ directly f ,japan4 ,8 trees are gr[+ 9 ! outskirts ( ,we/field1 ,*autauqua ,c\nty1 ,n4 ,y41 & )9 a mile ( ,lake ,erie4 ,9 ,july ( ?is ye>1 ,dr4 ,e4 ,a4 ,scott ( ,gal5a1 ,md41 call$ ! att5tion ( ! writ] to a numb] ( f9e trees 9 8 small t[n1 all ( :i* _h be5 gr[n by him f ,j4 sieboldiana se$ obta9$ f a tree ne>by & e "o ( :i* 0 be>+ butt]nuts1 z he & 8 neighbors call !m4 ,! ,am]ican butt]nut does n occur 9 t "p ( ,m>yl& :i* is on ! upp] end ( ! ,*esapeake ,p59sula1 probably #aj miles f ,*esapeake ,bay4 ,bo? black & ,p]sian walnut trees are v common 9 t region4 ,! tree :i* bore ! orig9al se$ is a typical ,japanese walnut4 ,x /&s at ! end ( a r[ ( ,p]sian walnut trees along ! driveway ( a private c\ntry lane4 ,!re are sev]al black walnut trees1 p]haps #ejj y>ds to ! s\?we/1 b no butt]nuts = _m miles4 ,z ! ,p]sian & ,japanese walnuts blossom at ab\t ! same "t & ! black walnut consid]ably lat]1 x w\ld seem altoge!r probable t if any cross _h tak5 place x w\ld h be5 ,japanese x ,p]sian1 r ?an ,japanese x black4 ,! *ances ( a ,japanese x butt]nut cross w\ld h be5 s remote z to be altoge!r improbable4 ,_m ye>s ago1 ,judge ,f4 ,p4 ,&rus ( ,almont1 ,mi*41 plant$ "o tree ea* ( ,p]sian & ,japanese walnuts 9 8 doory>d4 ,bo? soon came into be>+4 ,squirrels plant$ nuts 9 ! gr\nd & pres5tly ! y>d 0 fill$ ) (fspr+1 ! majority ( :i* 7 ( ! type n[ call$ butt]japs4 ,! trees 7 extremely vigor\s b ! nuts 7 ( s little value t all 7 f9ally cut d[n4 ,butt]nut trees are common 9 ,mi*igan & butt]nut poll5 may h be5 responsible = ^! crosses b circum/antially ! evid5ce po9t$ mu* m /rongly to ,japanese ,p]sian crosses ?an to ,japanese butt]nut crosses4 ,o!r cases ( ^! sorts might be cit$1 b ! evid5ce :i* ! writ] has be5 able to br+ toge!r up to ! pres5t mon?1 ,septemb]1 #aicc1 /rongly indicates t butt]japs may be due to ei!r an actual cross ) a ,p]sian or black walnut & possibly ) butt]nut or to rev]sion to a p>5t ori5tal type4 ,s f>1 x has be5 out ( ! "q to haz>d a reasonably safe assumption z to ! /am9ate p>5t ( all p>ticul> crosses by m]ely /udy+ ! botanical *>act]i/ics ( ! butt]jap (fspr+4 ,sev]al ye>s ago ,mr4 ,bixby plant$ a numb] ( butt]jap se$ nuts1 hop+ t "u ! ,m5delian law1 ! *>act]i/ics ( ! two p>5ts w\ld segregate !mselves4 ,! trunk & b>k ( "s ( ! trees resembl$ black walnut q di/9ctly1 :ile none resembl$ ! butt]nut4 ,s f> z is kn[n to ! writ]1 none ( ! trees h yet fruit$4 ,"o ( ! sev]al butt]jap trees 9 ,gal5a1 ,md41 previ\sly ref]r$ to1 produc$ nuts r m l black walnuts ?an butt]nuts4 ,^! two in/ances !re=e1 w\ld sugge/ ,japanese black walnut p>5tage4 ,black ,walnut ,root ,toxicity ,on sev]al occasions discussions ( root toxicity betwe5 ! black walnut & c]ta9 ( its neighbors h tak5 place at ,association meet+s4 ,! !ory t black walnut trees give (f toxic prop]ties f _! roots1 :i* are fatal to o!r plants1 is !re=e n new4 ,"s ye>s ago ! ,virg9ia ,exp]im5t ,/ation def9itely isolat$ a toxic sub/ance :i* 0 held responsible = ! dea? ( tomatoes1 potatoes1 alfalfa1 blackb]ry plants & apple trees :5 ^! o!r plants 7 gr[n 9 close en\gh proximity = _! roots to come 9 contact ) ^? ( ! black walnut4 ,?is "w 0 report$ 9 v>i\s publications & 0 writt5 up by sev]al diff]5t au?ors4 ,s9ce !n1 z well z be=e1 ! writ] has look$ = simil> evid5ce1 b1 s f>1 9 va94 ,ea* ( ^! crops1 includ+ tomatoes1 potatoes1 alfalfa1 blackb]ries & apples1 h be5 se5 gr[+ 9 z close contact ) black walnut z !y c\ld possibly be plac$4 ,(t5times !y h be5 f\nd mu* ne>] to black walnut trees ?an w\ld h be5 wise to place !m to oak1 hickory1 a% or o!r species ( l>ge gr[+ trees4 ,?is does n mean t :5 ! roots are 9 actual contact ! toxic ag5t ( ! black walnut roots w\ld n prove fatal to ! o!r plants b x does indicate t 9 ! great majority ( cases !re is no practical dang]4 ,anyone :o has d\bt ab\t ! heal?y condition ( ^! o!r species :5 gr[n close toge!r ) black walnut trees1 may obta9 evid5ce = himself by not+ ! frequ5t comb9ation ( ?is sort easily f\nd 9 fields & g>d5s ( ! c\ntry & small t[ns4 ,x is surpris+ h[ (t5 ^! comb9ations ( black walnut & o!r species are to be se54 ,any unprejudic$ p]son c\ld h>dly fail to become conv9c$ t1 9 ! great majority ( cases1 ! dang] is ( small practical consequ5ce4 ,! roots ( ! black walnut run deeply "u gr\nd & x is entirely conceivable t 9 deep soil !y d n ord9>ily come up to ! %all[] levels ( ! roots ( mo/ o!r species4 ,summ>y ,a summ>y ( ! ye>'s developm5ts might be arrang$ ab\t z foll[s3 7#a7 ,m black walnut k]nels 7 h>ve/$ & consum$ dur+ ! ye> ?an ev] be=e4 7#b7 ,prices to ! f>m] rea*$ ab\t ! same l[ level ( ! ye> prec$+1 b ! total drop dur+ rec5t ye>s 0 probably n 9 proportion to ! drop ( mo/ o!r food products4 7#c7 ,crop prospects 9 #aicc are unfavorable = ano!r l>ge crop4 ,prices are />t+ out consid]ably high] ?an = sev]al ye>s4 7#d7 ,production ( black walnuts f graft$ trees "u cultivation is altoge!r insignificant 9 comp>ison ) t f *ance se$l+s receiv+ no special cultivation4 7#e7 ,graft+ & plant+ are tak+ place at too mod]ate a rate to mat]ially alt] ! ratio ( production f se$l+ to t ( graft$ trees 9 ! ne> future4 7#f7 ,!re has be5 consid]able improvem5t dur+ rec5t ye>s 9 ! mann] ( prep>+ & pack+ black walnut k]nels = m>ket1 b !re is ne$ = fur!r advance along ?is l9e4 7#g7 ,m]*ants engag$ 9 h&l+ black walnut k]nels pr$ict t !re w cont9ue to be a normal /eady increase 9 consumption1 n[ t ! m>ket has become e/abli%$1 trade *annels op5$ up1 & consum]s habits some:at e/abli%$4 7#h7 ,walnut hybrids occur frequ5tly 9 nature4 ,s f>1 none h appe>$ :i* 7 ( special value because ( ! "* ( nuts :i* !y produce4 ,s-call$ butt]japs appe> to be possible f ei!r c]ta9 crosses or f rev]sion to p>5t ori5tal types4 7#i7 ,ord9>ily1 o!r crops may be int]plant$ ) black walnuts ) z great safety z ) mo/ o!r equally l>ge gr[+ & deep-root$ trees4 ,is ! ,in=mation ,we ,h on ,or*>d ,f]tility ( ,value 9 ! ,nut ,grove8 ,,by ,,pr(4 ,f4 ,n4 ,,fagan1 ,,pr(essor ,,( ,,pomology ,,! ,,p5nsylvania ,,/ate ,,college ,_m ( ! association memb]s pres5t are also g5]al fruit or*>d own]s ( ?is /ate4 ,i am glad to meet ) y & mu/ confess t x has be5 _m ye>s s9ce ,i h _h ! pleasure ( att5d+ ! annual meet+ ( ?is association4 ,to be exact1 ! la/ meet+ ,i att5d$ 0 ! annual meet+ held 9 ,lanca/] "s sev5 ye>s ago4 ,x is n t ! ,p5nsylvania ,agricultural ,exp]im5t ,/ation lacks int]e/ 9 nut culture t keeps x f do+ "w along nut inve/igational l9es1 b because ! old] & m ext5sive apple1 pea*1 *]ry1 grape & b]ry indu/ries h call$ ^u ! res\rces ( ! /ation to its work+ capacity4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,h]%ey wrote ask+ me to speak be=e ?is meet+ ,i felt t ! only in=mation we _h at ! /ation t w\ld fit into ! picture 0 ! in=mation we h reg>d+ or*>d f]tility4 ,i !re=e gave him ! subject1 ,is ! in=mation we n[ h on g5]al or*>d f]tility ( value 9 ! nut grove8 ,fir/1 let me t\* ^u "s ( ! pap]s giv5 ?is morn+4 ,i ?9k x w\ld be well = ! nut meat indu/ry to look into ! dep>tm5t ( heal?'s requirem5ts gov]n+ ! heal? inspection ( work]s h&l+ food products4 ,i also sugge/ look+ into ! possibility ( ! sell+ ( nuts & nut meats by int]e/$ high s*ool boys & girls 9 our _m t[ns & cities4 ,! "q ( annual be>+ ( nut trees is a subject ne$+ inve/igation4 ,i r expect we %all f9d t ?is factor is closely connect$ ) ov]-production ( a tree "o ye>1 f]tility & moi/ure supply1 or1 9 o!r words1 ! nuts may be mu* l apples4 ,:ile ! nature ( tree gr[? may t5d to cause trees to be alt]nate produc]s1 man may upset ?is natural habit to "s ext5t by prop] cultural practices & ?us cause ! tree to produce1 n a full crop 9 ! (f ye> b at lea/ "s fruits t w be on ! pr(it side4 ,z to ! toxic effect ( "s ( our nut trees ^u gr[? ( o!r plants gr[+ ne> by1 ,i r expect we %all f9d z "t goes on t in/ead ( ! trees hav+ a toxic effect !y h a robb+ effect ^u soil moi/ure & food4 ,"o ?+ t leads me to ?is belief is t ye>s ago we taught t "o reason = se$+ a cov] crop 9 ! or*>d 0 to h ! cov] take ! moi/ure f ! soil 9 ! fall ( ! ye> & 9 t way *eck tree gr[?4 ,we n[ "k t a mature apple or pea* tree w rev]se ?is dur+ ! gr[+ season & w take its full %>e ( moi/ure & food f ! soil & really take ^! away f ! cov] crop4 ,we saw ?is occur dur+ ! dry ye>s ( #aibi & #aicj ) cov]s t _h be5 se$$ 9 ,june4 ,dur+ bo? ^! ye>s1 9 our or*>d blocks :]e ! wat] hold+ capacity ( ! soil 0 l[1 ! cov] di$ ov] ! tree root fe$+ spaces4 ,"s may h said t ! trees 7 hav+ a toxic effect ^u ! soil4 ,?is 0 n ! case =1 9 #aicb & #aicc1 bo? ye>s ( pl5ty ( moi/ure supply1 ! cov]s h gr[n well ar\nd ! trees 9 ^! blocks4 ,i %all n[ ask y to ref] to ! conclusions on page #c ( our ,bullet9 ,no4 #bid1 issu$ by ,! ,p5nsylvania ,/ate ,college1 :i* has j be5 di/ribut$ to y4 ,^! conclusions are1 ( c\rse1 bas$ ^u our "w 9 an apple or*>d b ,i believe !y w apply closely to ! managem5t ( nut or*>ds4 ,lessons f ,f]tility ,/udies 9 ! ,exp]im5t ,or*>d ,mo/ ( ! exp]im5ts 9 ?is or*>d h n[ complet$ #be ye>s2 !re h be5 few *anges & ^! m9or ones4 ,c]ta9 lessons may be drawn f ?is qu>t] c5tury ( rese>*3 #a4 ,! f]tility ( an or*>d soil is m ?an its plant food cont5t4 ,x involves ! nature ( ! soil1 its dep? & topography1 its previ\s treatm5t1 ! use ( f]tiliz]s & manures1 ! am\nt & nature ( ! cultivation & ! cov]s or sods gr[n4 ,f]tiliz]s are only "p ( ! problem ( soil f]tility4 #b4 ,9 ?is or*>d any treatm5t t has influ5c$ ! trees at all has done s 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 fir/1 ! cov] crops2 p]haps sev]al ye>s lat]1 leaf color2 %ortly aft]1 bran* gr[? & circumf]5ce increase2 & la/ ( all1 yield4 #c4 ,! reason = ?is sequ5ce ( results is t ! treatm5ts1 :e!r *emical f]tiliz]s1 manure1 or cov] crops1 h influ5c$ yields *iefly by *ang+ ! organic matt] cont5t ( ! soil2 t is1 ^? treatm5ts :i* h result$ 9 ! production ( l>g] cov] crops h ultimately result$ 9 ! production ( m fruit4 #d4 ,! organic cont5t ( ! soil has be5 a consid]able factor 9 det]m9+ ! am\nt ( wat] 9 ?is soil4 ,^? treatm5ts :i* h built up ! organic cont5t h kept ! soil 9 condition to soak up ra9fall r ?an to lose x by surface run-(f4 ,a l>g] wat] supply1 9 turn1 has produc$ m cov] crops4 #e4 ,! site ( ?is or*>d seems ne>ly level to ! casual eye2 yet slope1 ) its accompany+ erosion1 toge!r ) diff]5ces 9 dep? ( soil1 h creat$ ne>ly z l>ge diff]5ces 9 gr[? & yield z any treatm5t4 ,good treatm5ts h ne>ly (fset ! initial disadvantage ( poor soil2 b x is m economical to plant ! or*>d on good soil ?an to attempt ! improvem5t ( a poor soil4 #f4 ,a %ort1 non-legume sod rotation is an effici5t means ( build+ up a deplet$ or*>d soil4 ,aft] a sod ( any k9d becomes ?ick tree gr[? is *eck$ & yields decl9e4 ,or*>d sods %\ld be turn$ "u or p>tially brok51 frequ5tly4 #g4 ,moi/ure conditions (t5 are m favorable 9 ! sod or*>d ?an 9 ! cultivat$ or*>d4 ,run(f is *eck$ by a sod & less wat] is us$ by a sod 9 mid-summ]1 aft] x has be5 m[$1 ?an by a heavy cov] crop4 #h4 ,"u a non-legume sod ! soil nitrate supply becomes v l[ 9 late ,may or e>ly ,june1 necessitat+ e>ly applications ( nitrog5\s f]tiliz]s4 ,annual applications ( #aj p\nds ( nitrate ( soda p] tree1 or its equival5t 9 sulphate ( ammonia or o!r =ms1 h prov$ pr(itable 9 ?is or*>d4 ,sup]phosphate1 9 light applications1 has increas$ sod & cov] crop gr[?4 #i4 ,trees receiv+ annual tillage ) ,july se$+ ( cov] crops h n done z well z ^? "u sod rotations4 ,if ! cov] crops are se$$ 9 e>ly ,june1 z has be5 practic$ s9ce #aibi1 ! diff]5ce may n be m>k$4 #aj4 ,to ma9ta9 equal yields1 ,/ayman & ,baldw9 mu/ make long] bran* gr[? ?an ,york4 ,9 addition to ^! conclusions ,i w say t any gr[] :o w keep 8 or*>d soil 9 a /ate ( f]tility 7by use ( manure1 prop] f>m crop f]tiliz]s--nitrate1 phosphate or pota% alone or 9 comb9ation ) ea* o!r--lim+ &1 if necess>y1 dra9age7 :i* w p]mit gr[+ clov]s1 alfalfa1 soy beans1 c[ peas1 vet*1 or any ( ! legumes1 & :o really does gr[ !m z cov]s 9 8 grove or or*>d1 turn+ !m back into ! soil ) a m9imum p]iod ( spr+ cultivation--j en\gh to prep>e a se$ b$--w nev] ne$ to worry ab\t 8 soil f]tility or wat] hold+ capacity4 ,y note t ,i say a m9imum ( cultivation4 ,we taught tw5ty ye>s ago t cultivation %\ld cont9ue dur+ ,june1 ,july1 & ,augu/4 ,we n[ feel t ?is tea*+ 0 wrong4 ,we c see no b5efit f ?is long summ] cultivation b d see "s h>m4 ,cultivation dur+ ! hot wea!r ( ,june1 ,july1 & ,augu/ w only aid 9 burn+ out ! organic matt] 9 ! soil1 j ! v ?+ we plant a cov] =4 ,_m ( ! cov]s su* z alfalfa1 sweet clov] & non-legume grasses c be h>r[$ v heavily 9 e>ly spr+ aft] ! fro/ is out ( ! gr\nd1 ?us *eck+ _! gr[? = sev]al weeks1 & x is 9 e>ly spr+ be=e ! fir/ fl[]s op51 & :ile op51 t ! tree ne$s its nitrog5 to aid 9 ! set ( fruit1 & season's tree gr[?2 ! *eck+ ( ! cov]'s gr[? 9 e>ly spr+ gives ! tree ! *ance to get its food4 99 99 99 99 99 ,dr4 ,zimm]man3 ,i am v grateful = ! address ( ,pr(4 ,fagan4 99 99 99 99 99 ,dr4 ,smi?3 ,i want to express my appreciation ( ,pr(4 ,fagan's pap]4 ,i want to call to ! att5tion ( ?is conv5tion ( p t ?is "y man has actually admitt$ 8 h>d head$ness1 t he has be5 will+ to let a tree compel him to *ange 8 ?9k+4 ,progress ,report on ,kellogg ,nut ,cultural ,project ( ! ,mi*igan ,/ate ,college ,by ,j4 ,a4 ,,neilson1 ,m4 ,s4 ,c41 ,ea/ ,lans+ ,! ,nut ,cultural ,project s g5]\sly support$ by ,mr4 ,w4 ,k4 ,kellogg ( ,battle ,creek made good progress dur+ ! season ( #aicc4 ,! v>i\s phases ( ?is project are briefly discuss$ "u _! sep>ate head+s z foll[s3 ,se>* = ,sup]ior ,trees ,?is feature ( our nut cultural programme is ( ! utmo/ importance & w cont9ue to be s until ! entire /ate has be5 ?or\ghly explor$4 ,9 our se>* we h be5 greatly help$ by int]e/$ p ?r\gh\t ! /ate & else:]e :o report ! exi/5ce ( good trees or :o s5d specim5s ( nuts f sup]ior trees4 ,?is volunt>y help is v useful & is mu* appreciat$4 ,( ! v>i\s me?ods ( se>*+ = good trees1 nut conte/s are ! mo/ effici5t & economical4 ,?r\gh ! m$ium ( national conte/s ?is ,association has discov]$ _m good v>ieties1 & sev]al ( ^! new v>ieties are n[ be+ propagat$4 ,9 view ( ! discov]ies result+ f ! ,association conte/ 9 #aibi & our /ate conte/ 9 ! same ye>1 x 0 deem$ advisable to /age ano!r conte/ 9 #aicb4 ,an article sett+ =? ! t]ms ( ! conte/ 0 s5t to all ! daily1 weekly1 & agricultural & horticultural j\rnals & 0 giv5 v wide publicity by ^! press ag5cies4 ,a great deal ( int]e/ 0 %[n 9 our conte/ & m ?an #afjj exhibits 7 ent]$ by approximately #gjj exhibitors4 ,sev]al good /ra9s 7 br\ght to light by ?is conte/1 mo/ ( :i* 7 unkn[n be=e ! conte/ 0 /ag$4 ,! prize w9n]s & ! aw>ds are z foll[s3 ,black ,walnuts ,daniel ,beck1 ,hamilton1 ,mi*4 #a/ #ae4jj ,h>ry ,webb]1 ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio #bnd #aj4jj ,e4 ,gray1 ,william/on1 ,mi*4 #crd #e4jj ,hickories ,mrs4 ,ray ,d4 ,mann1 ,davison1 ,mi*igan #a/ #ae4jj ,d4 ,mill]1 ,nor? ,bran*1 ,mi*4 #bnd #aj4jj ,lyle ,hause1 ,f[l]ville1 ,mi*4 #crd #e4jj ,engli% ,walnuts ,h>ry ,l>s51 ,ionia1 ,mi*4 #a/ #aj4jj ,d4 ,b4 ,lewis1 ,vass>1 ,mi*4 #bnd #e4jj ,j4 ,w4 ,jockett1 ,h>t ,mi*4 #crd #c4jj ,butt]nuts ,claude ,mit*ell1 ,scotl&1 ,ont4 #a/ #aj4jj ,m4 ,e4 ,alv]son1 ,h[>d ,city1 ,mi*4 #bnd #e4jj ,frank ,lu!r1 ,fairgrove1 ,mi*4 #crd #c4jj ,he>tnuts ,claude ,mit*ell1 ,scotl&1 ,ont4 #a/ #aj4jj ,fr$ ,b\rne1 ,mil=d1 ,mi*4 #bnd #e4jj ,j4 ,u4 ,gellatly1 ,gellatly1 ,b4 ,c4 #crd #c4jj ,*e/nuts 7,hybrids7 ,john ,dunb>1 ,o%temo1 ,mi*4 #a/ #aj4jj ,d4 ,n4 ,dean1 ,%elbyville1 ,mi*4 #bnd #e4jj ,j4 ,w4 ,jockett1 ,h>t1 ,mi*4 #crd #c4jj ,jap4 ,walnuts ,h>old ,engli%1 ,*a?am1 ,ont4 #a/ #aj4jj ,h>old ,ev]s1 ,petoskey1 ,mi*4 #bnd #e4jj ,bob ,c>d9ell #crd #c4jj ,if & :5 ano!r conte/ is held a l>g] numb] ( prizes w be giv5 provid$ suffici5t funds are available4 ,! exp]i5ce ga9$ 9 ! #aibi & #aicb conte/s indicates ! desirability ( hold+ at lea/ ?ree conte/s & five w\ld be bett]1 & to h ! conte/s held annually4 ,x is v difficult to adv]tise a nut conte/ s t e p]son 9 rural sections kn[s ( x & moreov]1 ev5 if x 7 ?or\ghly adv]tis$ 9 any "o ye>1 x w\ld n be possible to get nuts f all good trees because ( ! irregul>ity 9 fruit+ habit ( nut trees4 ,! exp]i5ce ( o!rs :o /age conte/s w sub/antiate ?is op9ion4 ,x is a great satisfaction to record ! discov]y ( "s promis+ pecan trees ne> ,v&alia on ! f>m ( ,clyde ,we/phal4 ,^! trees 7 report$ to me by ,mr4 ,h>ry ,burg>t ( ,union ,city1 & at ! fir/ opportunity ,i w5t ) ,mr4 ,burg>t to exam9e ! trees4 ,!re are #ai trees 9 ! grove & ! l>ge/ & be/ fruit$ tree is ab\t #de feet tall & ne>ly "o foot 9 diamet] at ! base4 ,! nuts are ( m$ium size1 crack easily1 & conta9 k]nels ( good quality4 ,a good crop 0 borne la/ ye> & o!r satisfactory crops h be5 secur$ = sev]al ye>s4 ,x is q likely t ?is tree w\ld n mature nuts 9 a %ort gr[+ season or 9 a season ( l[ heat units1 b ! fact t x has done s well 9 rec5t ye>s 9 gr[? & nut production is v enc\rag+1 inde$4 ,plans are be+ made to propagate ?is /ra94 ,ano!r good pecan sample 0 receiv$ f ,mr4 ,b4 ,b4 ,d[ell ( ,pauld+1 ,ohio4 ,?is tree is h>dy & produces nuts slightly l>g] ?an ! ,we/phal tree4 ,! nuts h good crack+ quality & flavor ( k]nel & are wor? propagat+ = nor!rn regions4 ,propagation ,! propagation ( select$ /ra9s ( nut trees is n prim>ily ! function ( an ,exp]im5t ,/ation1 ) ! exception ( su* "w z may be necess>y to e/abli% on ,/ation prop]ty a suffici5t numb] ( trees to furni% scionwood = exp]im5tal purposes & to supply int]e/$ p>ties ) :at !y require4 ,we believe t nut tree nurs]ym5 %\ld und]take ! propagation ( new v>ieties ( prov5 m]it & we h endeavor$ to furni% our local nurs]ym5 & o!rs ) scionwood ( our be/ native selections or introductions4 ,su* propagation z we h done is ) e/abli%$ trees & c prop]ly be consid]$ z top-work+4 ,?is feature ( our project is discuss$ "u t head+4 ,topwork+ ,our programme ( top-work+ 0 c>ri$ on 9 #aicc to ! full ext5t ( "t & funds available & a special ef=t 0 made to top-"w "s ( ! wor?less pignuts & bitt]nuts ) scions ( hicans & hybrid hickories4 ,9 a =m] report1 ref]5ce 0 made to ! difficulty 9 graft+ %agb>k & %ellb>k scions onto pignuts2 & "h aga9 ,i want to say my fir/ obs]vation /ill holds especially ) ! %agb>ks4 ,i d n h a s+le %agb>k scion left on pignuts out ( sev]al hundr$ set dur+ ! la/ f\r seasons4 ,our results ) hybrid hickories & ) hicans h be5 mu* m enc\rag+ 9 s f> z ! set ( scions & gr[? is conc]n$4 ,! foll[+ v>ieties h done well on ! pignut or bitt]nut--,burl+ton1 ,beav]1 ,c$> ,rapids1 ,creag]1 ,d5nis1 ,des ,mo9es1 ,fairbanks1 ,kirtl&1 ,laney1 ,l+5felt]1 ,mc,callister1 ,/rat=d1 & ,%9n]l+4 ,x is def9itely kn[n t mo/ ( ^! v>ieties are ( hybrid orig9 ) ! exception ( ,c$> ,rapids & ,kirtl&4 ,! buds ( ! v>iety ,i h labell$ z ,c$> ,rapids d n look l pure %agb>ks & x is possible t a mix up has occurr$ 9 ! labels4 ,a satisfactory />t 0 made 9 propagat+ ! prize-w9n+ %agb>k hickories ( our #aicb conte/ & fur!r "w w be done ) ^! k9ds 9 ! pres5t season4 ,good progress has be5 made 9 propagat+ our be/ v>ieties ( black walnuts1 ,engli% walnuts1 & ,*9ese walnuts4 ,we n[ h sev]al trees "s ( :i* are q l>ge t h be5 top-work$ to scions ( ,wi>d1 ,all51 ,grundy1 ,r[h]1 ,ohio1 ,creitz1 ,c>p5t]1 & ,/ambaugh black walnuts4 ,9 ,engli% walnuts we h ,c>pa?ian ,no4 #a1 #b1 & #e--;,cra?1 ,mc,dermid1 & ,broadview4 ,?is latt] v>iety is above ! av]age 9 size1 cracks easily & has a good k]nel4 ,/ill m important x is believ$ to be h>dy & is def9itely kn[n to h endur$ #be bel[ z]o ,f4 ,?is v>iety 0 s5t by ,mr4 ,j4 ,u4 ,gellatly1 our en?usia/ic nut tree hunt] f ,briti% ,columbia4 ,mr4 ,gellatly has br\ght to light a consid]able numb] ( he>tnuts & a few ,engli% walnuts4 ,"o ( 8 late/ f9ds is an ,engli% walnut t produces v l>ge almo/ r\nd ?9 %ell$ nuts4 ,?is tree gr[s on high b5* l& ne> ,okanogun1 ,b4 ,c4 & is a se$l+ ( a tree gr[+ 9 ! high altitudes ( ,ka%mir 9 ,nor!rn ,india4 ,"s ( ! he>tnuts s5t by ,mr4 ,gellatly are among/ ! l>ge/ ,i h ev] se5 & possess good crack+ & extraction qualities4 ,scions ( ^! v>ieties h be5 ord]$ f ,mr4 ,gellatly & we hope to e/abli% at lea/ "o good tree ( ea* k9d z a s\rce ( propagat+ mat]ial4 ,we also h sev]al grafts ( an excell5t ,*9ese walnut :i* we obta9$ f ,mr4 ,george ,corsan ( ,isl+ton1 ,ont>io4 ,?is v>iety be>s a l>ge nut ) a ?9 well seal$ %ell & a fir/-class k]nel1 & has be5 nam$ ,corsan4 ,new ,plant+s ,! plant+ programme = #aicc includ$ ! plant+ ( ab\t #dj acres on ! ,collv] "p ( ! ,kellogg ,f>m ne> ,augu/a1 b ?is _h to be r$uc$ by #ej because ( f9ancial tr\bles caus$ by ! clos+ ( ! banks 9 :i* ,mr4 ,kellogg 0 a depositor4 ,9 addition to ! new plant+s a consid]able numb] ( replacem5ts _h to be made p>ticul>ly 9 ! *e/nut groves4 ,! foll[+ table %[s ! numb] ( ea* species & v>iety plant$3 7a7 ,black ,walnuts ,v>iety ,numb] ,all5 #b ,wessell #e ,?omas #bj ,beck #b ,boham9 #b ,edras #c ,grundy #c ,homel& #c ,h[ell #b ,grabill #b ,haub] #a ,hepl> #c ,m9tle #b ,patux5t #g ,ruddick #a ,/anley #a ,ta/]ite #a ,/ov] #a ,wor?+ton #a ,mc,millen #a ,hunt] #a ,birds ,eye #ae ,c>p5t] #aj ,mill] #e ,t5 ,ecyk #aj ,ohio #aj ,/abl] #ae 7b7 ,*9ese ,walnut ,se$l+s #bj 7c7 ,engli% ,walnut ,se$l+s 7,cra?7 #ba ,alp9e #aj ,mayette #aj 7d7 ,butt]nuts ,se$l+s #ej ,hickories 7a7 ,hybrids ,/rat=d #e 7b7 ,%agb>k ,glov] #e ,romig #c 7c7 ,%ellb>k ,/eph5s #b 7d7 ,pecans ,indiana #a ,niblack #d ,gre5riv] #e ,k5tucky #e ,butt]ick #f ,posey #e ,c>lyle #c ,jeffrey #c ,se$l+s #ej 7e7 ,hicans ,des ,mo9es #g ,g]r>di #e ,burl+ton #d ,wright #c ,burton #b ,norton #b ,hazels 7a7 ,turki% ,hazels ,se$l+s #dj 7b7 ,jones ,hybrids ,se$l+s #ad 7c7 ,corylus ,vilmor9ii ,se$l+s #a ,*e/nuts 7a7 ,*9ese ,se$l+s #bea 7b7 ,japanese ,se$l+s #bj ,good results 7 secur$ ) all ( ! above m5tion$ k9ds except ! ,*9ese & ,japanese *e/nuts4 ,! reason = ?is failure is giv5 else:]e 9 ?is report4 ,demon/ration ,"w on ,graft+ ,?is feature ( our programme has n receiv$ z mu* att5tion z %\ld be giv5 to x ow+ to lack ( scionwood ( local orig9 & to a desire to "w ov] ne>ly all ! trees on ! ,kellogg ,f>m be=e attempt+ mu* outside "w4 ,we n[ h a fair supply ( scionwood on our /ation trees & are 9 a position to proce$ ) a mode/ top-work+ programme out 9 ! /ate4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! pr9cipal object ( ?is s*eme w be to e/abli% s\rces ( scionwood at v>i\s places 9 ! /ate & to in/ruct int]e/$ p>ties 9 ! art ( graft+4 ,a total ( #be demon/rations h already be5 giv5 & 9 ne>ly e case improv$ v>ieties 7 e/abli%$ & local int]e/ 0 ar\s$4 ,x is a matt] ( satisfaction to report t at lea/ f\r m5 h made a comm5dable />t 9 top-work+ ord9>y se$l+ trees ) scions ( sup]ior sorts & "o ( ^! m51 ,mr4 ,*>les ,pepp] ( ,b]lamont1 proposes to e/abli% a small nurs]y ( ,all5 black walnuts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,= "s "t ! writ] has plann$ to int]e/ ! ,future ,f>m]s ( ,am]ica 9 plant+ nut trees1 b 0 too busy ) o!r duties to make ! prop] contact4 ,j rec5tly arrangem5ts 7 made ) ,dr4 ,gallup1 ! ,/ate ,sup]visor ( ,vocational ,agricultural ,education1 = a pres5tation ( ! s*eme ( nut tree plant+ to ^! ent]pris+ & en]getic "y m54 ,my object is to int]e/ at lea/ "o memb] ( ea* gr\p 9 ei!r top-work+ local se$l+s ) ! be/ h>dy v>ieties or 9 plant+ good nut tree v>ieties4 ,plans are also made to int]e/ ! memb]s ( ! ,/ate ,horticultural ,society 9 plant+ "s ( ! be/ v>ieties ( ,mi*igan orig94 ,educational ,"w ,?is feature ( our project has n be5 giv5 a great deal ( emphasis because x 0 believ$ we did n h en\gh in=mation ( local nature to ju/ify u 9 conduct+ an ext5sive educational programme4 ,we n[ believe we h en\gh in=mation to make a />t & ,i h arrang$ a s]ies ( meet+s ) c\nty ag5ts at _! regional conf]5ces 9 ! s\!rn "p ( ! l[] p59sula4 ,ea* regional conf]5ce includes ! c\nty ag5ts & associat$ work]s 9 sev]al c\nties & af=ds "o an opportunity to pres5t our programme to ,/ate (ficials :o c give u mo/ effective coop]ation4 ,?is project along ) a simil> "o = ! ,future ,f>m]s ( ,am]ica %\ld create m int]e/ 9 nut culture4 ,g5]al ,notes ,! e/abli%m5t ( h>dy blight resi/ant *e/nuts ( good quality is an important objective 9 our nut cultural project1 & "o 9 :i* only p>tial success c be report$4 ,approximately #gjj ,*9ese & ,japanese ,*e/nut trees h be5 plant$ b only ab\t #bfj ( ^! trees are liv+4 ,"s ( ^! casualties 7 due to dry wea!r1 rabbits & wood*ucks1 b ! major "p 7 due to unsuitable soil conditions4 ,our obs]vations %[ t ! ,asiatic *e/nuts w n ?rive 9 an alkal9e soil1 z ne>ly all ! losses occurr$ on an area t _h a heavy application ( m>l4 ,on ! area :]e ! trees are n[ gr[+ well ! soil is acid & supports sev]al acid tol]ant plants4 ,a sup]ior /ra9 ( ,*9ese ,*e/nut 0 f\nd 9 a lot ( ab\t #fj trees :i* ! writ] s5t to ,mr4 ,w4 ,r4 ,reek ( ! ,exp]im5t ,/ation at ,ridget[n1 ,ont>io1 9 #aibg4 ,! be/ tree has made a good gr[?1 & be>s l>ge nuts ( good quality4 ,scions ( ?is tree 7 obta9$ la/ spr+ & graft$ onto sev]al ,*9ese se$l+s at ! ,kellogg ,f>m4 ,an attempt w also be made to graft a few l>ge--unfruitful ,japanese *e/nuts at v>i\s places 9 ! ,/ate ) scions ( ?is good ,*9ese /ra94 99 99 99 99 99 ,an int]e/+ bit ( in=mation on ! h>d9ess ( ! black walnut & butt]nut has j come to h& f ,col4 ,b4 ,d4 ,wallace ( ,portage1 ,la ,prairie1 ,manitoba4 ,col4 ,wallace reports ! occurr5ce ( a se$l+ black walnut 9 8 nurs]y t is q h>dy & :i* bore fully matur$ nuts at an e>ly age4 ,he also has a f9e grove ( butt]nuts t are entirely h>dy & :i* be> good crops ( nuts4 ,^! butt]nut trees grew f nuts secur$ f ,france ab\t tw5ty ye>s ago4 ,! trees are q h>dy b o!r butt]nut se$l+s f ,ont>io seem$ to lack h>d9ess4 ,no data are at h& to %[ :]e ! ,fr5* butt]nut trees came f1 b inasmu* z ! butt]nut is n a native ( ,france x is almo/ c]ta9 t ! trees came f ,nor? ,am]ica & probably ,quebec ,prov9ce4 ,9 any case ! trees are h>dy & are report$ to give satisfaction to ! p 9 ! ,prairie ,prov9ces4 ,mr4 ,kroodsma1 ,ext5sion ,=e/]1 reports ! occurr5ce ( a mod]ately l>ge black walnut :i* be>s nuts ( good quality & fair size at ,h\ghton 9 ! extreme nor!rn "p ( ! ,upp] ,p59sula4 ,^! accessions to our k ( ! h>d9ess ( ! walnut & butt]nut are valuable & w\ld sugge/ t ^! species c be gr[n mu* f>!r nor? ?an _! native range4 ,9 a =m] report ref]5ce 0 made to an attempt :ile 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,ont>io ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture to int]e/ ! memb]s ( ! ,wom5s' ,in/itute 9 ,ont>io 9 plant+ nut trees1 b n mu* progress 0 made until la/ spr+4 ,! writ] _h 9 ,ont>io ab\t #hjj f9e se$l+ he>tnuts :i* he 0 unable to sell & :i* _h to be mov$4 ,x seem$ regrettable to de/roy !m & f9ally ! trees 7 giv5 to ,mr4 ,geo4 ,putnam1 ,supt4 ( ,in/itutes = di/ribution 9 my old home c\nty & 9 ano!r c\nty :]e ,i work$ = "s "t4 ,! trees 7 readily accept$ & mu* int]e/ 0 ar\s$4 ,s mu* 9 fact t ,i 0 kept busy writ+ lett]s to p :o want$ to %>e 9 ! di/ribution4 ,un=tunately1 ,i did n h en\gh trees to meet all dem&s & s _h to refuse _m an ,in/itute memb] :o 0 anxi\s to try ^! he>tnut se$l+s4 ,notes on ! ,filb]t ,or*>d at ,g5eva ,by ,g4 ,l4 ,,slate ,exp]im5t ,/ation1 ,g5eva1 ,n4 ,y4 ,w9t] kill+ ( ! wood & catk9s is probably ! limit+ factor 9 gr[+ filb]ts 9 ,we/]n ,new ,york4 ,satisfactory v>ieties mu/ possess catk9s h>dy en\gh to provide suffici5t poll5 = poll9ation purposes4 ,!re mu/ also be v little kill+ ( ! wood or ! crop w be r$uc$ 9 proportion to ! am\nt ( wood t is w9t] injur$4 ,sev]al ye>s obs]vations 9 ! ,/ation filb]t or*>d at ,g5eva h %[n a great v>iation 9 h>d9ess ( filb]t v>ieties4 ,) "s v>ieties ! catk9s are sev]ely injur$ ea* w9t]1 ) o!rs1 v little injury occurs4 ,because ( ?is great v>iation 9 h>d9ess we mu/ accumulate z mu* data z possible conc]n+ ! ability ( v>ieties to )/& our w9t]s1 especially ! mild w9t]s1 be=e we are 9 a position to make def9ite v>iety recomm5dations4 ,la/ w9t]1 #aicb-cc 0 especially h>d on filb]ts1 9 fact1 mu* m w9t] injury 0 exp]i5c$ ?an at any "t s9ce ! ,/ation or*>d 0 set 9 #aibe4 ,x 0 a good season to sep>ate ! h>dy & t5d] sorts4 ,?r\gh\t ! w9t] ! wea!r 0 exceptionally mild & favorable = t type ( w9t] injury due to e>ly gr[? activity4 ,9 a normally cold w9t] catk9 kill+ z a rule is n v s]i\s1 except on a few t5d] v>ieties4 ,al?\gh catk9 kill+ 0 s s]i\s at ,g5eva1 ,s4 ,h4 ,graham ( ,i?aca1 :o is gr[+ a numb] ( v>ieties on an expos$ location :]e w9t]s are m sev]e ?an at ,g5eva1 reports t 8 trees suff]$ less catk9 injury ?an at any "t s9ce he has be5 gr[+ !m4 ,catk9 kill+ does n seem to be due to extreme cold dur+ ! w9t] & r>ely are ! catk9s injur$ be=e late ,febru>y or e>ly ,m>*4 ,injury may be sev]e ev5 ?\gh ! temp]atures are n l[] ?an ! catk9s are ?\ght to endure :5 9 bloom4 ,app>5tly ! injury may be due to ! cumulative effect ( dessication ?r\gh\t ! w9t] mon?s1 ?is effect becom+ app>5t %ortly be=e ! catk9s bloom4 ,catk9s =c$ into bloom prior to late ,febru>y bloom normally & )\t app>5t injury4 ,! data on w9t] injury ( catk9s is be+ accumulat$ = two purposes4 ,fir/1 x is be+ us$ z a basis = recomm5d+ v>ieties z poll9ators2 & second1 x is be+ us$ 9 select+ p>5ts = bre$+ h>dy v>ieties4 ,! am\nt ( w9t] kill$ catk9s is det]m9$ by obs]vation dur+ ! bloom+ season 9 late ,m>*4 ,all catk9s t fail to op51 or op5 weakly & %$ no poll51 are consid]$ w9t] kill$ & ! proportion t are kill$ is express$ 9 p] c5t4 ,bas$ on ! am\nt ( w9t] injury ( catk9s dur+ ! w9t] #aicb-cc1 ,i am mak+ f\r gr\ps4 ,fir/1 ^? v>ieties 9 :i* all1 or practically all ! catk9s 7 kill$4 ,9 ! v>ieties suff]+ su* sev]e catk9 injuries1 mu* ( ! wood 0 kill$1 b ?is w be treat$ sep>ately4 ,! v>ieties 9 ?is gr\p are ,nott+ham1 ,e>ly ,prolific1 ,g>ibaldi1 ,k5ti% filb]t1 ,pe>son's ,prolific1 ,pr9cess ,royal1 ! ,%ah1 ,webb's ,prize ,cobb1 ,b&nuss1 ,b>r's ,zell]nuss1 ,b]g]'s ,zell]nuss1 ,grosse ,kugelnuss1 ,heynicks ,zell]nuss1 ,lange von ,d[nton1 ,multiflora1 ,sickl]'s ,zell]nuss1 & a ,corylus ro/rata br\ght into cultivation f a gl5 a few miles away4 ,! plant+ ( v>ieties 9 ?is li/ is n recomm5d$4 ,! second gr\p includes ^? sorts 9 :i* #ej to #ij p] c5t ( ! catk9s 7 kill$4 ,! v>ieties are ,b>celona1 ,daviana1 ,f]tile de ,c\t>d1 ,montebello1 ,cannon ,ball1 ,duke ( ,ed9burgh1 ,du*ess ( ,ed9boro1 ,prolific ,closehead1 ,r$ ,sk9n$1 ,kadett5 ,zell]nuss1 ,kais]9 ,eug5ie1 ,kunzemull]'s ,zell]nuss1 ,liegel's ,zell]nuss1 ,prolifique a coque s]ree1 ,romis*e ,nuss1 ,s*lesi]91 ,tru*sess ,zell]nuss1 ,voile ,zell]nuss1 ,kruse1 & ,littlepage1 a v>iety ( ,corylus am]icana f ,indiana4 ,"s wood kill+ occurr$ among ! v>ieties 9 ?is gr\p4 ,none ( ^! v>ieties %\ld be dep5d$ ^u = poll9ation purposes4 ,! ?ird gr\p includes ^? v>ieties exp]i5c+ #bj to #ej p] c5t w9t] injury4 ,! v>ieties are ,k5ti% ,cob1 ,italian ,r$1 ,bollwill]1 ,r$ ,avel9e1 ,:ite ,avel9e1 & ,vollkugel4 ,^! v>ieties may be plant$ ) caution if too mu* dep5d5ce is n plac$ ^u !m z poll9ators4 ,9 ! f\r? gr\p are ^? ) less ?an #bj p] c5t ( catk9 injury4 ,^! are ,clackamas1 ,cos=d1 ,m9na1 ,e>ly ,globe1 ,engli% ,clu/]1 ,m$ium ,long1 ,oregon1 ,purple ,avel9e1 ,r$ ,lamb]t1 ,:ite ,lamb]t1 ,d',alg]1 ,al?ald5sleb]1 ,ludolph's ,zell]nuss1 ,luis5's ,zell]nuss1 ,neue ,ries5nuss1 ,eickige ,b>celona]1 & ,w9kl] & ,ru%1 ! latt] two be+ v>ieties ( ,corylus am]icana4 ,v>ieties f ?is gr\p & ! ?ird gr\p %\ld be us$ z poll9ators & z p>5ts 9 bre$+ "w to develop catk9 h>dy v>ieties4 ,w9t] kill+ ( ! wood has n be5 z ext5sive nor z s]i\s z catk9 kill+4 ,x is usually slight & conf9$ to a few v>ieties b dur+ ! pa/ w9t] #aicb-cc1 _m v>ieties kill$ back sev]ely4 ,! v>ieties are gr\p$ accord+ to ! am\nt ( w9t] injury ( wood4 ,v>ieties 9 :i* m ?an #ej p] c5t ( ! wood 0 kill$ are ,nott+ham1 ,e>ly ,prolific1 ,g>ibaldi1 ,pr9cess ,royal1 ,webb's ,prize ,cob1 ,b&nuss1 ,grosse ,kugelnuss1 ,jeeves ,saml+1 ,kais]9 ,eug5ie1 ,multiflora1 ,kurzhullige ,zell]nuss1 ,lange von ,d[nton1 & ! ,corylus ro/rata previ\sly m5tion$4 ,v>ieties exp]i5c+ f #bj to #ej p] c5t ( wood kill+ 7 ,b>celona1 ,r$ ,avel9e1 ,montebello1 ,b]g]'s ,zell]nuss1 ,e9zeltrag5de ,kegel=mige1 ,heynick's ,zell]nuss1 ,prolifique a ,coque s]re1 ,sickl]'s ,zell]nuss1 ,voile ,zell]nuss1 & ,russ4 ,9 ! foll[+ v>ieties f #e to #bj p] c5t ( ! wood 0 w9t]-kill$3 ,m9na1 ,bollwill]1 ,du*ess ( ,ed9boro1 ,pe>son's ,prolific1 ,! ,%ah1 ,b>r's ,zell]nuss1 ,kunzemull]'s ,zell]nuss1 ,liegel's ,zell]nuss1 ,romis*e ,nuss1 ,s*lesi]91 ,tru*sess ,zell]nuss1 ,vollkugel & ,littlepage4 ,v>ieties :i* are n injur$ at all or less ?an five p] c5t 7 ,clackamas1 ,cos=d1 ,daviana1 ,e>ly ,globe1 ,engli% ,clu/]1 ,k5ti% ,cob1 ,f]tile de ,c\t>d1 ,italian ,r$1 ,m$ium ,long1 ,oregon1 ,purple ,avel9e1 ,r$ ,lamb]t1 ,:ite ,avel9e1 ,:ite ,lamb]t1 ,d',alg]1 ,cannon ,ball1 ,duke ( ,ed9burgh1 ,k5ti% filb]t1 ,prolific ,closehead1 ,r$ ,sk9n$1 ,eckige ,b>celona]1 ,kadett5 ,zell]nuss1 ,ludolph's ,zell]nuss1 ,luis5's ,zell]nuss1 ,kruse1 ,neue ,ries5nuss & ,ru% & ,w9kl]4 ,x is evid5t f ?is data t al?\gh _m filb]t v>ieties are subject to s]i\s w9t] injury1 !re are /ill a numb] to *oose f t are suffici5tly h>dy "u we/]n ,new ,york conditions4 ,v>iety ,notes ,! ,/ation v>iety collection has gr[n consid]ably s9ce ,i discuss$ filb]ts be=e y 9 #aibi4 ,at t "t ! collection consi/$ ( #bh v>ieties2 today !re are "u te/ at ,g5eva #ii v>ieties ( ,corylus avellana1 five v>ieties ( ,corylus am]icana1 five ,jones se$l+s1 & six species ( ,corylus1 or a total ( #aae =ms4 ,lat] obs]vations on ! orig9al or*>d h indicat$ t ! orig9al v>iety recomm5dations %\ld be modifi$4 ,c]ta9 v>ieties import$ f ,europe & r5am$1 or 7 misnam$ :5 import$1 & t h be5 dissem9at$ by nurs]ies are app>5tly id5tical ) c]ta9 ,g]man v>ieties rec5tly import$ by ! ,g5eva ,/ation4 ,prelim9>y obs]vations indicate t "s ( ^! rec5tly import$ ,g]man sorts are wor?y ( fur!r att5tion4 ,b>celona :i* 0 ! mo/ productive v>iety dur+ ! fir/ few ye>s has be5 fall+ beh9d 9 yields ! pa/ two seasons4 ,?is1 c\pl$ ) ! w9t] kill+ ( wood & catk9s la/ w9t]1 makes ,b>celona a d\btful v>iety to plant4 ,italian ,r$ 9 #aicb av]ag$ ne>ly eight p\nds ( nuts to ! tree1 ! heavie/ yield ( any v>iety 9 ! or*>d4 ,! crop ?is ye> promises to be satisfactory & "o ( ! l>ge/ 9 ! or*>d1 9 a season :5 v>ieties g5]ally are v light4 ,s4 ,h4 ,graham ( ,i?aca reports t ,italian ,r$ has be5 ! be/ & mo/ regul> be>] ( any ( ! ,european filb]ts t he has tri$4 ,k5ti% ,cob av]ag$ five p\nds p] tree la/ ye> & ,cos=d ov] f\r p\nds4 ,! latt] v>iety is catk9 h>dy & %\ld be 9 e plant+4 ,:ite ,lamb]t & ,r$ ,lamb]t1 /ill light cropp]s1 possess v h>dy catk9s & = t reason des]ve trial4 ,oregon1 ,purple ,avel9e1 & ,engli% ,clu/] be> heavy crops1 b are difficult to husk & ! nuts too small = m>ket4 ,= home use !y %\ld be v satisfactory4 ,among ! new] nuts fruit+ la/ ye> = ! fir/ "t1 ,neue ,ries5nuss1 orig9at+ 9 ,g]many 9 #ahga1 is promis+4 ,x is "o ( ! l>ge/ 9 ! ,/ation collection1 is a bright light br[n 9 color ) slightly d>k] /ripes1 & la/ w9t] exp]i5c$ v little catk9 injury & no wood injury4 ,z yet no?+ is kn[n ( its productiv5ess 9 ?is c\ntry1 b 9 ,g]many x is said to be productive4 ,"s ( ! nuts di/ribut$ 9 ?is c\ntry by ,mr4 ,voll]ts5 ( ,ro*e/] are prov+ id5tical ) "s ( ! ,g]man sorts rec5tly import$ by ! ,/ation4 ,i d n int5d to sugge/ n[ t ! "n ( ! v>ieties 9 ?is c\ntry be *ang$ to ^? ( ! v>ieties ) :i* !y are id5tical4 ,lat] :5 all ( ^! import$ v>ieties are 9 full be>+ ! matt] ( *ang+ names w be br\ght to y\r att5tion aga94 ,r$ ,lamb]t 7( ,voll]ts57 is id5tical ) ,bee!'s ,zell]1 & ,italian ,r$ 7( ,voll]ts57 is id5tical ) ,gu/av's ,zell]4 ,m9na 7( ,voll]ts57 is n ! ,m9na ( ,g]man descriptions4 ,filb]t ,bre$+ ,! bre$+ "w ) filb]ts is foll[+ two l9es4 ,h>d9ess ( wood & catk9 is ( prime importance & to develop v>ieties satisfactorily 9 ^! respects ^? v>ieties t h prov$ h>dy are be+ cross$ ) diff]5t sorts t h desirable nut & tree *>act]s4 ,h>d9ess is also be+ s\ght by cross+ ! ,ru% native hazel ) v>ieties ( ,corylus avellana4 #ece trees f ?is cross1 made by ,mr4 ,re$1 are n[ gr[+ 9 a fruit+ plantation at ! ,/ation1 & sev]al hundr$ m f o!r crosses are 9 ! nurs]y r[4 ,) ?is weal? ( mat]ial com+ along1 x is reasonable to assume t ! day is n f> di/ant :5 satisfactory v>ieties w be available = nor!rn plant+4 ,develop+ a ,walnut ,grove z a ,side ,l9e ,job z a ,bee ,keep] ,l4 ,k4 ,,ho/ett] ,lanca/]1 ,p5nsylvania ,9 discuss+ ?is topic ,i %all give y "s ( my do+s 9 my bee bus9ess & nut gr[+4 ,ab\t #cj ye>s ago1 ,i />t$ out 9 ! bee bus9ess ) ?ree colonies ( bees4 ,?is numb] increas$ gradually until ,i _h #agj colonies4 ,dur+ ^! #hj ye>s ,i w\ld sometimes h a bump] crop ( honey & !n aga9 sometimes a total failure4 ,?is pa/ summ] happ5$ to be "o ( ^? (f ye>s4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 ! income f ?is bee bus9ess t />t$ me (f 9 ! gr[+ ( a grove ( #hjj black walnut trees1 also a few %ellb>ks1 pecans1 he>tnuts1 ,engli% walnuts1 hicans1 h>d%ell almonds & filb]ts4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #aibf1 ,i _h a nurs]yman graft #f small black walnut trees to ! ,?omas & ,/abl] v>ieties ) #e cat*es1 #d ,?omas & #a ,/abl]4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #aibg1 ,i b\ght ! home/ead f>m & plant$ #b ,?omas1 #b ,/abl]1 & #b ,ohio black walnuts1 #b %ellb>ks1 #b h>d%ell almonds & #f filb]ts4 ,?is spr+ ,i also plant$ ab\t a bu%el ( se$l+ black walnuts &1 z x happ5$ we _h an exceptionally wet summ]1 ^! se$l+s made a wond]ful gr[?4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #aibh ,i transplant$ ab\t #ae acres to ^! se$l+s4 ,9 #aibi ,i plant$ ano!r #bj acres1 & 9 #aicj ano!r #aj acres4 ,"s ( ^! trees 7 plant$ #fj feet ea* way & "s #cj feet ap>t4 ,"s ( ^! trees 7 graft$ ! same ye> !y 7 plant$ b mo/ ( !m 7 graft$ two ye>s lat]4 ,at ?is "t ,i _h little exp]i5ce 9 graft+ &1 naturally1 my #b acres 9 gett+ cat*es 7 accord+ly4 ,:5 ,i />t$ out ,i ?\ght x w\ld be *eap] to plant se$l+s & graft !m1 z expla9$ above4 ,i h gott5 along fairly well 9 gett+ my grove />t$ b ,i f\nd x to be f> m "w ?an ,i expect$ x w\ld be & ,i w\ld n d x t way aga94 ,because ( "s failures ea* ye> ,i /ill h _m trees t h n yet be5 successfully graft$4 ,i am n 9 a great hurry to get my grove on a pay+ basis z ,i am gett+ a lot ( fun play+ ) ! develop+ ( x & ,i don't believe !re w be s v mu* diff]5ce 9 ! size ( ^! trees #be ye>s f n[4 ,i w\ld say1 h[ev]1 t = ! man :o wants to get a nut grove develop$ z soon z possible1 he %\ld buy 8 trees f ! exp]t nut tree nurs]yman4 ,my entire grove is n[ se$$ to blue grass = a p]man5t pa/ure4 ,ab\t #be acres is pa/ur$ by #afj head ( %eep & ! balance is cut = hay to fe$ ! %eep 9 ! w9t] "t4 ,my reason = se$+ to blue grass is to prev5t erosion4 ,possibly if ,i %\ld keep my trees cultivat$ dur+ ! summ] !y w\ld make a bett] gr[?4 ,b !n my %eep w make q a bit ( manure & ,i spread mu* ( ?is manure "u ! trees e w9t] &1 z x is1 my trees are mak+ a v good gr[? e ye>4 ,i n[ h a grove ( ab\t #hjj black walnut trees4 ,^! are mo/ly ( ! ,?omas1 also q a few ,ohio & ,/abl] & a few ,t5 ,eycks4 ,! ,/abl]s1 ,ohios1 & ,t5 ,eycks seem to fill ! %ell s full ( meats ) me t !y are h>d to remove 9 l>ge pieces4 ,i ?9k ,i %all regraft mo/ ( ^! to ! ,?omas & "s ( ! lat] v>ieties4 ,ab\t #fjj ( my trees are n[ #g ye>s old f se$4 ,^! trees _h ab\t #a_/b bu%el ( hull$ walnuts la/ summ] & ,i expect to h ab\t #b bu%els ?is summ]4 ,la/ summ] ,i also _h ab\t a peck ( h>d %ell almonds f my two trees t 7 plant$ 9 #aibg4 ,9 #aica my #f filb]ts _h ab\t #a_/b peck ( nuts4 ,^! trees are n[ big en\gh to h at lea/ a bu%el or two ( nuts if ! catk9s _h n froz5 ?is pa/ w9t]4 ,dr4 ,zimm]man3 ,mr4 ,ho/ett]1 ,i w\ld l to sugge/1 f ! fact t we "k s little ab\t poll9ization ( nut trees1 t y d n be 9 too big a hurry to cut out y\r odd v>ieties4 ,in/ead :y n d ?is1 let !m come into be>+ & !n ea* ye> cut ! v>iety out & note if !re is any *ange 9 ! be>+ ( ! ,?omas1 ( :i* y say y\r or*>d is mo/ly made up8 ,%\ld y happ5 to note a lack ( poll9ization or be>+ 9 ! ,?omas ! ye> aft] a c]ta9 v>iety is cut out1 y c !n />t *eck+ & may f9d t v>iety ! be/ poll9ator = ! ,?omas4 ,i c]ta9ly w\ld n be 9 too big a hurry to elim9ate all my te/ v>ieties if ,i 7 y4 ,! ,presid5t3 ,la/ ye> ,pr(4 ,re$ gave u a v valuable pap] on poll9ization4 ,dr4 ,zimm]man3 ,i h a ,taylor hickory at my place & e ye> x has sev]al nutlets b z soon z !y get any size !y tumble (f4 ,i h nev] se5 any catk9s on t tree4 ,i h be5 fool+ ar\nd = sev]al ye>s ) p]simmons4 ,i h p>ticul> ref]5ce to ! ,kawakmi :i* is suppos$ to be a hybrid ( ,munson4 ,i h nev] _h any fruit f t p>ticul> tree4 ,i wrote to ,munson's & told !m & !y s5t me "s ( ! fruit4 ,i want$ to get ! se$s4 ,my tree blooms heavily b has no pi/illate fl[]s4 ,nut ,trees z ,us$ 9 ,l&scap+ ,,dr4 ,,lewis ,,edw9 ,,!iss ,muncy1 ,p5nsylvania ,i 0 ask$ to speak on ! subject ( ,plant+ ,nut ,trees = ,^? ,:o ,h ,space = ,only a ,few1 b ,i am go+ to speak on us+ nut trees 9 l&scap+4 ,we %\ld "k :at is meant by ! t]m l&scap+4 ,x may mean plant+ blue spruce or junip]s ar\nd ! h\se 9 a pleas+ way1 or y may use plants4 ,! object is to make a picture :i* gives a c]ta9 impression ( our home4 ,we c j z well use nut trees 9 su* a way z to make a beautiful picture1 s t :5 "o looks out any w9d[ ( 8 home he gets a beautiful picture or vi/a1 or :5 "o goes by & sees y\r home1 he sees a beautiful picture4 ,we t5d to foll[ too /]eotyp$ ways ( do+ ?+s4 ,!re is no reason :y we %\ld make a liability ( our prop]ty4 ,we c j z well h nuts to help make an asset4 ,trees are v mu* l words4 ,we h two words 9 ! ,engli% language t express m ?an any o!rs4 ,!y are home & "m4 ,we also h trees t connote mu*4 ,( c\rse1 x dep5ds on :at picture we wi% our homes to convey4 ,i want m9e to h a cozy yet prosp]\s look4 ,n[ y ask1 ,h[ are y go+ to produce t look8 ,x is by ! mat]ials y use & h[ y use !m4 ,& y c use any y wi%4 ,we might divide plants into two gr\ps1 cultivat$ plants & wild plants4 ,9 trees we h "s fruit trees :i* are nev] wor? a c5t4 ,apple trees sugge/ home4 ,if y are driv+ ?r\gh ! woods & come ^u an apple tree1 y imm$iately ?9k1 ,someone _h a home "h once4 ,( c\rse1 x might h gr[n f a *ance se$ b t is ! ?\ght y h at once4 ,! apple tree connotes ! ?\ght ( home4 ,i happ5 to be a fruit tree z well z a nut tree gr[]4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 !m is t y h to spray ! fruit trees4 ,longfell[ said1 ,"u ! spread+ *e/nut tree ! village smi?y /&s4 ,t 0 probably v true z !re 7 lots ( *e/nut trees at t "t4 ,s we h nut trees t give u ?is connotation ( dome/icity4 ,!y make u ?9k ( home4 ,we mu/ also consid] ! foliage4 ,a tree ) f9e foliage su* z ! walnut is pref]able = ! lawn4 ,! walnut gives a f9e %ade b does n int]f]e ) ! gr[? ( grass4 ,! ,engli% walnut makes a d5se %ade1 no?+ gr[s "u x4 ,hickory also gives a d5se %ade4 ,all ^! ?+s we h to consid] :5 *oos+ trees to plant ab\t our y>ds4 ,9 my own gr\nds ,i h black walnut1 ,p]sian walnuts1 pecans1 filb]ts1 hicans & "s o!rs4 ,i feel we might z well h some?+ ar\nd our places to help pay ! taxes4 ,we might z well get a little pleasure out ( our prop]ty4 ,"s ( u h vegetable g>d5s4 ,nut trees c be an asset to y\r prop]ty 9 ! same way if y w plant ! prop] k9ds4 ,y all "k ! black walnut4 ,x gr[s to be a l>ge spread+ tree b x ne$s good soil4 ,ano!r nice tree is ! ,japanese walnut4 ,?is tree is q beautiful4 ,a sport ( ?is tree is ! he>tnut4 ,x also is a v beautiful tree & a rapid gr[]4 ,i h a little gr\p ( ^! trees & ,i h nev] se5 trees gr[ s fa/4 ,i h a ,japanese walnut1 a graft$ he>tnut1 & a ,japanese se$l+4 ,!y look exactly alike b be> diff]5t k9ds ( nuts4 ,i h "o tree :i* is a se$l+4 ,x is eight ye>s old1 beg9n+ on ! n9? ye> & is #bj to #be feet high4 ,i h a he>tnut :i* is a little bit old] :i* ,i b\ght f ,mr4 ,jones4 ,t tree has suff]$ a lot at my h&s4 ,i dug x up twice & *ang$ its position1 cutt+ x back1 & /ill x is gr[+ f9e & a big tree = t5 ye>s4 ,x has a spread close to #dj feet & rea*es to ! h\se top4 ,x c]ta9ly looks m ?an #aj ye>s old4 ,i ?9k a tree l t is v useful plant$ by a h\se because ( its rapid gr[?4 ,! foliage is v lovely4 ,i h measur$ "s ( ! leaves & "s are a y>d long4 ,ano!r tree ,i h gr[+ ne> ! h\se is a ,potomac ,engli% walnut4 ,x is a v vigor\s tree1 has a d5se %ade & a v good gr[]4 ,a v lovely tree to h 9 ! y>d4 ,i h also1 ! ,butt]ick1 ,buss]on & ,indiana pecans 9 ! side y>d4 ,!y be> q well1 p>ticul>ly ! ,butt]ick b ,i l ! ,buss]on bett]4 ,i ?9k !y are go+ to be v l>ge trees4 ,i ?9k !y w be l ! elms 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,! foliage is n s l>ge & co>se & is a little diff]5t f ! black walnut4 ,!y h be5 v successful = u4 ,we d n "k mu* ab\t gett+ rev5ue f our trees z we use all our nuts 9 ! family4 ,a p\nd ( nuts ,i raise myself is wor? mu* m to me ?an a p\nd ,i w\ld buy 9 ! groc]y /ore because ( ! fun ,i get 9 gr[+ !m4 ,i h *e/nuts t h escap$ ! blight s f>4 ,!y say ! ,japanese v>iety is v h>dy & v resi/ant to blight4 ,z to ! nuts1 ,i d n "k mu* ab\t !m4 ,ano!r nut tree t we d n (t5 ?9k ( is ! bee* tree4 ,i h nev] se5 a bee* tree t _h nuts on big en\gh to am\nt to any?+4 ,we h he>d a lot ab\t filb]ts ?is morn+4 ,filb]ts make beautiful h$ges4 ,i %\ldn't advise anybody to gr[ a filb]t h$ge along ! road or :]e x w\ld be a temptation to p to /eal4 ,b :]e y wi% to erect a scre5 to %ut out an undesirable view1 !y make a v nice h$ge4 ,!y are v pleas+ z to foliage4 ,we h a v nice crop ( filb]ts ?is fall4 ,if y h a little place t y want to scre5 91 :y n d x ) a h$ge t is bo? beautiful & productive4 ,we also h a pea* almond4 ,t is wor? gr[+ j = its blossom4 ,p g to ,wa%+ton to see ! ,japanese *e]y blossoms b !y are no m beautiful ?an ! ,rid5h[] almond :5 9 bloom4 ,! blossom is #b in*es 9 diamet]4 ,! hull dries & p>ts ?r\gh ! middle leav+ ! nut easy to get out4 ,my f>m] calls my tree ! dri$ pea* tree4 ,! fruit looks m l a pea* se$ ?an an almond4 ,x is m difficult to crack ?an ! usual almond b x c]ta9ly is int]e/+ 9 ! spr+time4 ,i hope 9 y\r l&scap+ y w make use ( nut trees1 & :5 y want a h$ge y d n h to h a privet or a b>b]ry "o4 ,y c make a h$ge ( roses or ( filb]ts4 ,dr4 ,dem+3 ,w y\r pecans h a good crop8 ,are !y well fill$8 ,dr4 ,!iss3 ,yes1 !y are well fill$ & h a v delici\s flavor4 ,9 ! m>ket y c\ld n (f] !m 9 competition ) ! pap]-%ell v>iety1 b we are q well pleas$ ) !m4 ,dr4 ,dem+3 ,isn't t r a record = di/ance nor?8 ,dr4 ,!iss3 ,i d n "k4 ,mr4 ,re$1 h[ f> nor? d pecans gr[ well8 ,mr4 ,re$3 ,i believe our be/ au?orities are ,dr4 ,dem+ & ,dr4 ,!iss4 ,i am surpris$ z we h "s pecans 9 ,wa%+ton ) :i* we 7 disc\rag$1 al?\gh !y are n[ develop+4 ,dr4 ,!iss3 ,i mu/ say we h v satisfactory trees & lots ( nuts4 ,mr4 ,h]%ey3 ,ab\t six weeks ago ,i saw a tree :i* _h be5 be>+ = #dj ye>s4 ,x 0 at ,s*uylkill ,hav5 ne> ,pottsville1 9 ! m\nta9\s c\ntry :]e x gets v cold4 ,an old man told me ! tree 0 #fj ye>s old4 ,imag9e my utt] amazem5t s9ce we believ$ t ! pecan w\ld n be> t f> nor?4 ,i %[$ ! old man "s ,buss]on nuts & he /at$ t 8 7 slightly small] b v ?9 %ell$4 ,! se$ ( ?is tree came f ! ,waba% 9 ,ill9ois4 ,he _h ano!r tree !re ab\t #cj ye>s old :i* has be5 be>+ = q a few ye>s4 ,pr(4 ,neilson3 ,h y _h any exp]i5ce ) ,turki% hazels8 ,dr4 ,!iss3 ,no1 ,i h ,b>celona1 ,du ,*illy1 ,r$ ,avel9e1 ,:ite ,avel9e1 & ,jones-,ru% hybrids4 ,pr(4 ,neilson3 ,x appe>s t !y are v ornam5tal & v symmetrical & h>dy trees4 ,!re is a possibility ( us+ nuts 9 a new confection made ( honey4 ,!re is a new me?od ( dry+ honey p]fect$ by ,dr4 ,philips & ,dr4 ,dyke1 & :5 ?is is mix$ ) nuts x =ms a really good confection4 ,my wife has work$ out sev]al good recipes4 ,mrs4 ,neilson3 ,! new me?od ( dry+ ! honey all[s x to be wrapp$ 9 wax pap] )\t /ick+ to ! pap]4 ,?is is q an advantage 9 m>ket+ x4 ,pr(4 ,neilson3 ,! ,broadview ,p]sian walnut is a v ornam5tal tree & c be gr[n by ^? :o live v f> nor?4 ,my ,exp]i5ce 9 ,gr[+ ,nut ,trees on ! ,h\se ,lawn ,by ,m4 ,,gl5 ,,kirkpatrick ,or*>d ,editor1 ,f>m ,j\rnal1 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,com+ at ! end ( a program su* z y h _h "h today1 ,i am rem9d$ ( a /ory my fa!r us$ to tell me z a boy4 ,!re 0 once a m\se t liv$ 9 a cell>4 ,"o day he 0 attract$ by "s moi/ure on ! floor t 0 seep+ f a b>rel ( cid]4 ,! cid] 0 9 ! /age ( becom+ v9eg>4 ,! m\se took two or ?ree help+s & !n said1 ',n[ br+ on ! cat6' ,i w\ld be j z fooli% z ! m\se if ,i tri$ to contribute any te*nical matt]4 ,t5 m9utes w be ample to tell y ( my exp]i5ces4 ,my int]e/ 9 nut trees is due to ,mr4 ,john ,w4 ,h]%ey4 ,i wi% n[ t "s ( my apple trees 7 replac$ by walnuts4 ,i plant$ my trees ab\t #h ye>s ago4 ,! pecan is ab\t #ah feet high1 ! ,engli% walnut ab\t #ab feet high4 ,! ,engli% walnut has blossom$ b has nev] borne fruit4 ,! pecan has blossom$ ?is ye> = ! fir/ "t4 ,my ,b>celona has ab\t a p\nd ( nuts on ?is ye>4 ,x is f #ab to #ad feet high4 ,my ,du ,*illy has produc$ fruit "o ye>4 ,! ?+ ,i l ab\t nut trees is _! cleanness4 ,my ,engli% walnut has nev] be5 tr\bl$ by pe/s1 nei!r has ! pecan1 except !re is "o ?+ ,i hold aga9/ ! pecans & t is ! bor]s on ! bran*es4 ,x is t5 times z bad z ,engli% walnuts4 ,b ! trees are clean & nice to h1 & ,i really pref] !m to apple trees4 ,) apple trees y are at all times tr\bl$ ) apples on ! lawn & x is a job to keep !m clean$ up4 ,y h no?+ ( t sort to cont5d ) 9 nut trees4 ,my trees h n be5 giv5 special advantages4 ,! pecan is 9 ) a lot ( %rubs & ! ,engli% walnut is surr\nd$ by roses4 ,! filb]t has j tak5 pot luck ) ! re/4 ,t is my exp]i5ce & if ,i c tell y any?+ fur!r ,i %all be glad to d x4 ,dr4 ,zimm]man3 ,i w\ld l to ask y a "q ab\t ! ,japanese beetle4 ,h y _h any tr\ble ) y\r black walnuts8 ,mr4 ,kirkpatrick3 ,i h _h "o black walnut die4 ,dr4 ,zimm]man3 ,d y "k if ! ,japanese beetle attacks ! *e/nut or *9quap98 ,mr4 ,%aw3 ,maybe ,i c answ] t "q4 ,9 ,new ,j]sey ! ,japanese beetle attacks ! *e/nut b ,i d n "k ab\t ! *9quap94 ,develop+ a ,?\s& ,tree ,nut ,grove ,by ,c4 ,f4 ,,ho/ett] ,bird-9-,h&1 ,p5nsylvania ,! natural title ( ?is pap] %\ld be ,:y ,i ,plant$ a ,nut ,grove4 ,"s ye>s ago1 especially :5 we 7 9 ! w>1 x occurr$ to me t ) all ! mod]n ma*9]y & sci5tific me?ods on ! f>m x w\ldn't be long be=e we w\ld be produc+ mu* m food ?an c\ld be consum$1 h5ce ! prices = f>m commodities w\ld fall s l[ !re w\ld be no pr(it 9 !m4 ,! la/ few ye>s h prov5 my cont5tion 0 "r4 ,s ,i got to look+ ar\nd = some?+ to specialize 9 & became int]e/$ 9 ! new improv$ ?9 %ell$ black walnuts t ! late ,j4 ,f4 ,jones 0 introduc+4 ,i "k !re is dang] 9 specializ+ 9 any "o ?+ b1 9 summ+ up ! foll[+ reg>d+ black walnuts1 x look$ to me l z good or bett] a bet ?an any ?+ else4 ,fir/1 we "k t ! dem& = ! high black walnut flavor has caus$ x to be pr(itable = c>loads ( k]nels to be crack$ & %ipp$ to ! cities f ! natural black walnut belt4 ,al?\gh ?is se$l+ product has be5 some:at improv$ 9 quality ! la/ few ye>s ,i /ill feel t ! dem& = ?is high flavor$ nut = home use1 9 confections & bak+ & ice cream mak+1 w make a high dem& = an improv$ & uni=m meat su* z c be produc$ ) ! graft$ trees4 ,) ! gr[+ int]e/ 9 natural foods1 & less animal meat1 ,i believe ! dem& w increase z our groves come into be>+4 ,9 #aibf ,i haz>d$ a plant+ ( #aej trees1 ! next ye> ,i 0 /eam$ up to ! place :]e ,i decid$ ,i %\ld plant m1 & !n ea* ye> foll[+1 until my la/ plant+ ?is ye>1 gives me "o ?\s& ?rifty gr[+ black walnuts1 mo/ly ,?omas v>iety :i* ,i ?9k is ! be/ f :at ,i h obs]v$ 9 my own grove4 ,9 plant+ ,i set ! fir/ ones #ej x #ej ft4 ,"s ?\ght x 0 too close b ,i c\ldn't see x4 ,! next plant+ ,i made #ej x #ej feet & !n at ! next plant+ ,i />t$ to wake up aft] see+ h[ rapidly ! fir/ ones 7 gr[+1 & ,i decid$ to make !m #fj x #fj feet4 ,! la/ plant+ ,i made ?is ye> #fj x #fj feet & ,i w\ld advise #fj x #gj feet to any "o :o asks me h[ f> ap>t to plant4 ,to me x seems que] j :y m p don't plant !m4 ,on ! basis ( #fj x #gj feet y c\ld f>m indef9itely1 ) ! tree crop com+ on & ev5 be>+ = _m ye>s1 :ile y are cont5t+ y\r he>t gr[+ annual crops to lose money on4 ,z to be>+1 two ye>s ago ,i _h ! old] plant+ & _m ( ! y\ng] trees load$4 ,"o five ye> ,?omas _h ab\t #djj nuts4 ,?ree to five ye> trees _h #ej to #bej & #cjj nuts4 ,my crop t ye> 0 f\rte5 bu%els :i* ,i sold = #ae;c p] lb or #e4jj & #f4jj p] bu%el4 ,la/ ye> ,i didn't h s _m b ?is ye> ,i fir/ said ,i w\ld h #ej bu%els4 ,i'm />t+ to believe n[ ,i 0 a little high 9 my guess b _m trees are nicely load$4 ,n[ reg>d+ co/ ( c>ry+ ! grove1 z ,i'm a sweet corn dri] ,i h ! mo/ ( my f>m 9 corn4 ,i f>m$ ! grove 9 corn ! fir/ five ye>s & h>dly miss$ ! space us$ = trees4 ,i prov$ :at ,i /at$ above t "o c plant trees & keep on f>m+ & h>dly miss ! tree space4 ,if plant$ #gj feet ap>t "o c f>m /ill m l&4 ,9 cultivat+ ! corn ! trees are cultivat$1 :i* cuts d[n ! extra co/ ( c>+ = !m1 al?\gh ( c\rse "o mu/ cultivate !m if he expects to h !m gr[ & develop rapidly4 ,i n[ h my olde/ trees 9 sod1 mo/ly we$s ?is ye>1 b ,i int5d to s[ x to grass4 ,i expect !n to m[ x e>ly 9 ,june & use x = a mul* & !n m[ x maybe a c\ple ( times m = looks sake & let ! grass lie4 ,n[ ano!r int]e/+ po9t ,i want to pres5t to ! int5d+ plant] ( a nut grove is ! error ( foll[+ ! fooli% advice giv5 out by "s ( plant+ se$l+s & !n graft+ !m4 ,i say ?is n = ! b5efit ( ! nurs]ym5 b = ! f9ancial b5efit ( ! plant]4 ,fir/1 ! graft+ ( nut trees is a highly te*nical job & requires an enorm\s numb] ( moves1 f ! fir/ ?+ ( cutt+ ! graft+ wood at ! prop] "t 9 ! w9t] & c>efully /or+ x1 until ! cutt+ (f ( ! /ocks & kn[+ h[ long to let !m ble$1 & !n graft+ at ! prop] "t1 ! prop] %ad+ ( ! graft1 spr\t+1 /ak+1 & ty+ up ( ! rapidly gr[+ graft until ! end ( ! gr[+ season1 s t ! av]age man w h fall5 d[n long be=e ! season is ov]4 ,& ev5 if he has ! "t to d ?is1 :i* ! busy man hasn't1 x w take him sev]al ye>s to le>n to graft4 ,by ! "t he has 8 legs run (f ov] a p]iod ( five or sev5 ye>s go+ f tree to tree set #fj or #gj feet ap>t do+ m duties ?an he ev] ?\ght 7 ne$$1 he w h a spotty grove ( trees f "o ye> old to be>+ age1 & !n he w wake up & f9d t ! fir/ graft$ ones are be>+ s well1 t %\ld he h b\ght graft$ trees & set !m all out at "o "t ! crop w\ld h paid = ! complete plant+ & he w\ld h sav$ ! long agony ( try+ to get a grove />t$4 ,ev5 !n he might n h "o />t$1 = graft+ nut trees is a job e body does n seem able to grasp4 ,at ! same "t ,i feel t ev]ybody :o has a plant+ %\ld le>n ! art ( graft+4 ,! few nurs]ym5 n[ gr[+ graft$ nut trees are v will+ to tea* y & x is nice to be able to turn ! f5ce r[ se$l+s into pr(itable trees1 x's nice to h ! kick ( feel+ y c develop a wond]ful tree ) y\r own h&4 ,& aga91 al?\gh ,i h _h1 ,i w\ld say #ie p] c5t ( my plant$ trees to gr[1 /ill "h & !re a top w die & suck]s come up4 ,z ! tree roots are e/abli%$ x's nice to be able to /ick a graft on ^! & save wait+ a ye> to replant !m ) nurs]y trees4 ,9 clos+ ,i wi% also to sugge/ t1 9 mak+ a l>ge plant+ ( black walnuts1 plant a few pecans1 hicans1 hickories & any o!r good trees recomm5d$ by ! nurs]ym54 ,!y are all ornam5tal & be> f9e nuts = home use & maybe local trade4 ,if any wi% to ask que/ions ,i w attempt to answ] !m n[4 ,& don't =get to come up to see my place on ! bus t\r tomorr[ z ,i %all be v glad to welcome all & h y le>n any?+ y c f :at ,i h done & mi/akes ,i h made4 ,please be> 9 m9d t 9 e move we mu/ rememb] t ?is is a new indu/ry ( ! soil &1 al?\gh we believe x has a great future1 all grov+ proc$ure mu/ be felt out & exp]im5t$ ) z we h no guide to g by1 j ideas1 & y c expect to make "s mi/akes4 ,b t is life4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,presid5t ask$ ,dr4 ,dem+ to speak ( ! dea? ( ,mr4 ,bixby4 ,dr4 ,dem+3 ,on ,augu/ #af? n a s+le memb] ( ?is association1 s f> z ,i "k1 0 aw>e t ,mr4 ,bixby 0 ev5 ill1 & yet on t day he 0 dead4 ,mrs4 ,bixby has writt5 me an acc\nt ( 8 illness & 8 life4 ,he _h pneumonia 9 ,m>* f :i* he nev] fully recov]$4 ,! cause ( 8 dea? 0 n kn[n until aft] 8 dea?4 ,i knew ,mr4 ,bixby v well & came to appreciate 8 v /]l+ qualities4 ,he 0 always will+ to take any am\nt ( tr\ble & sp5d any am\nt ( money on 8 nut culture exp]im5ts4 ,i w n[ read ,mrs4 ,bixby's acc\nt ( 8 life4 ,will>d ,g4 ,bixby 0 born ,july #ac1 #ahfh at ,salem1 ,massa*usetts1 ! son ( ,h5ry ,m4 & ,eliza 7,symonds7 ,bixby4 ,9 #ahih1 he m>ri$ ,g5evieve ,cole :o di$ 9 #aija4 ,he m>ri$ second1 ,ida ,elise ,tieleke :o survives him4 ,8 e>ly education 0 receiv$ 9 ! public s*ools 9 ,salem &1 aft] graduation f high s*ool1 he ent]$ ,massa*usetts ,in/itute ( ,te*nology f :i* he 0 graduat$ 9 #ahhi ) ! degree ( ,s4,b4 & ! highe/ honors4 ,aft] receiv+ ?is degree1 he rema9$ at ! in/itute z an in/ructor 9 me*anical eng9e]+1 lat] becom+ associat$ ) ! ,pneumatic ,dynamite ,gun ,company ( ,new ,york1 foll[+ :i* he became connect$ ) ! ,am]ican ,bell ,telephone ,company ( ,bo/on4 ,9 #ahia1 he ent]$ ! employ ( ,s4 ,m4 ,bixby & ,company1 manufactur]s ( %oe black+4 ,! firm became involv$ f9ancially 9 #ahie & until #ahih 0 conduct$ by a receiv]4 ,mr4 ,bixby int]e/$ capitali/s & organiz$ a corporation to take ov] ! bus9ess ( ! old company4 ,mr4 ,bixby 0 elect$ treasur] & held t position until #aiaa1 :5 he 0 *os5 vice-presid5t4 ,he paid special att5tion to ! manufactur+ dep>tm5t4 ,"u ! new managem5t ! company met mod]n trade conditions & ! bus9ess :i* develop$ 0 "o ( ! l>ge/ & mo/ prosp]\s 9 ?is l9e 9 ! c\ntry4 ,foll[+ ! m]g+ ( ! ,bixby firm ) ! mak]s ( ! #b 9 #a %oe poli%1 ,mr4 ,bixby retir$ f t bus9ess1 & devot$ 8 "t to ! propagation & cultivation ( nut trees4 ,on 8 ,gr& ,av5ue prop]ty 9 ,baldw91 :]e he resid$1 he _h ga!r$ approximately #a1jjj trees ( almo/ e v>iety f all ov] ! _w4 ,8 exp]im5ts 9 graft+ & 9 cross+ v>ieties1 7 subject ( sev]al articles 9 national magaz9es & newspap]s4 ,"o article1 "u ! title ( ,gr[+ ,timb] = ,pr(it1 appe>$ 9 a rec5t issue ( ! ,am]ican ,=e/s4 ,he 0 also int]e/$ 9 curly black walnut & birdseye maple woods4 ,8 late/ exp]im5t on :i* he 0 work+ at ! "t ( 8 dea? 0 root+ hazels f leaf cutt+s1 & at ?is he 0 p>tly successful4 ,mr4 ,bixby 0 deeply int]e/$ 9 civic affairs4 ,he 0 a *>t] memb] ( ! ,baldw9 ,unit$ ,civic ,association1 tru/ee ( ! ,baldw9 ,public ,libr>y1 director ( ! ,baldw9 ,sav+s & ,loan ,association1 =m] ,fire ,commission]1 *airman ( ! ,baldw9 ,light+ ,commission1 memb] ( ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur* 9 ,baldw91 & organi/ ( ! ,m5's ,bible ,class1 z well z a tea*] ( ! ,sunday ,s*ool4 ,mr4 ,bixby's cons]vative ,new ,engl& tra9+ made him a valuable work] = any cause he esp\s$4 ,he nev] s\ght honor & publicity1 r pref]r+ to d 8 %>e quietly & mode/ly4 ,besides 8 wife1 ?ree *ildr5 survive him1 ,will>d ,f41 a /ud5t at ! ,massa*usetts ,in/itute ( ,te*nology1 ,ka!r9e ,e41 j rec5tly graduat$ f ! ,baldw9 ,high ,s*ool1 & ,ida ,t41 /ill at ! ,baldw9 ,high ,s*ool4 ,! ,presid5t3 ,i w also call on ,dr4 ,smi?4 ,dr4 ,smi?3 ,mr4 ,bixby _h a great _m f9e qualities1 b fir/ ( all he _h t great *>act]i/ic1 intellig5t inquiry4 ,he _h great p]si/5cy & great indu/ry1 & a wide-awake m9d4 ,n[ ! av]age ,am]ican has no int]e/ 9 any?+ b 8 job & 8 own p>ticul> pleasures4 ,9 o!r words1 he has no avocation4 ,we are "h because we h ! avocation ( nut gr[+4 ,"o ( ! mo/ int]e/$ memb]s ( ?is association 0 ,mr4 ,bixby4 ,he _h appli$ to x 8 great bra9 & /ati/ical equipm5t4 ,he might h _h a ya*t or sp5t 8 money on race horses1 b in/ead ( t he pick$ out some?+ new4 ,x is a great pity t 8 life _h to be snuff$ out j :5 he 0 ne$$ mo/4 ,he us$ 8 sp>e "t 9 hav+ a useful avocation4 ,on motion ( ,pr(4 ,neilson ! organization express$ its appreciation ( ,mr4 ,bixby by ris+ & /&+ "o m9ute 9 tribute to 8 memory4 ,at ! sugge/ion ( ,mr4 ,re$ ! foll[+ night lett] 0 s5t to ,dr4 ,morris :o has be5 conf9$ to 8 home = a long "t & has n be5 able to att5d ! conv5tions4 ,d[n+t[n1 ,p5n4 ,sept4 #aa1 #aicc ,dr4 ,rob]t ,t4 ,morris ,m]ribrooke ,f>m ,/am=d ,conn4 ,! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s ,association 9 conv5tion at ,d[n+t[n1 ,pa41 s5ds y its affectionate greet+s4 ,y\r long ye>s ( association ) u & y\r priceless s]vice to ! association & to nut gr[+ & ! graci\s *>m ( y\r pres5ce h s ende>$ y to u t our meet+s are q incomplete )\t y4 ,we pray = y\r spe$y re/oration to heal? & return to our c\ncils4 ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s ,association ,! meet+ 0 !n adj\rn$ to ,mr4 ,h]%ey's nurs]y & nut grove & ! memb]s & visitors 7 privileg$ to inspect 8 l>ge /ock ( nut trees & plants & ! specim5 plant+s1 "s ( :i* are v r>e v>ieties4 ,a delici\s supp] 0 !n s]v$ by ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,h]%ey on ! lawn ( ! ,h]%ey home4 ,^? pres5t express+ _! appreciation by a ris+ vote ( ?anks4 ,a ,black ,walnut ,grove & ,:y ,by ,,dr4 ,f4 ,l4 ,,baum ,boy]t[n1 ,p5nsylvania ,i w give y ! :y fir/4 ,e>ly 9 #aibc1 we realiz$ ! ne$ ( a div]sion1 some?+ :i* w\ld take u out into ! op5 e day ( ! ye> & br+ u clos] to nature1 :i* w\ld be a s\rce ( pleasure ) prospects ( a mat]ial return 9 ! future :5 ,i wi% to retire f ! active practice ( m$ic9e4 ,aft] inve/igat+ sev]al projects1 we f9ally decid$ t a black walnut grove w\ld be/ meet our ne$s4 ,9 ! ,decemb] issue1 #aibe1 ( ! ,am]ican ,nut ,j\rnal1 ,i read ,ev5tually1 :y n n[8 ,9 t article1 ,mr4 ,t4 ,p4 ,littlepage said3 ,! "t w come :5 ! nor!rn /ates w produce big groves ( nut trees4 ,! ,j\rnal's comm5t 0 ,:at are we wait+ =8 ,i too wond]$ because1 long be=e ! trees _h leaves1 ,i _h visions ( !m be>+ to ! ext5t ( break+ ! limbs f ! weight ( nuts4 ,:5 ?is picture 0 tak51 ,i ask$ myself ?is "q1 ,0 x a v5ture ( fools ru%+ 9 :]e angels fe> to tread8 ,also ,i began to ?9k t ! quotations 9 ! article ,i read 7 sales propag&a put =? by high-pressure salesm54 ,enc\ragem5ts came lat] :5 we discov]$ ?irte5 nuts on ?is tree & :5 my grafts grew on se$l+s4 ,ab\t ?is "t pe/s came su* z cat]pill>s1 rose *af]s1 leaf hopp]s1 bud worms &1 n[ my wor/ enemy1 a bor] :i* ,i believe is a *]ry tree bor]4 ,i h plac$ a section ( a tree on ! table :i* 0 attack$ by ?is insect4 ,! "q has be5 ask$ if x 7 n a blight cank] :i* kill$ ?is tree4 ,:5 ,i notic$ ! tree 9 di/ress ! leaves 7 droop+ & ! b>k 0 intact & smoo?1 ) a wet spot ! size ( a p9 po9t ab\t ?ree feet above ! gr\nd4 ,a /ab w\nd reveal$ ! b>k loose & full ( holes :i* ext5d$ into ! sapwood4 ,all ( our trees h be5 treat$ = ! de/ruction ( ?is pe/4 ,next ,spr+ !y w receive a second treatm5t4 ,by ?is me?od we w ov]come our difficulty4 ,9 ,july ( ?is ye> my m5 :o 7 pick+ cat]pill>s came ) ?is in=mation1 ,!re is no necessity = hunt+ cat]pill>s z !re is a fly /++ !m4 ,! insect1 ! size ( a wasp1 is "p black & "p yell[4 ,9 ! ev5+ !y said t if "s ( ! trees 9 ! backfield 7 n propp$1 !y w\ld break d[n due to ! pressure ( s _m nuts on !m4 7,lant]n slide pictures ( individual trees 7 !n %[n & describ$ by ,dr4 ,baum47 ,! vision ,i _h a few ye>s ago is becom+ a reality4 ,i n[ wond] if x might n h be5 a case ( angels ru%+ 9 & o!r fell[s /ay+ out4 ,we may conclude ,n[1 n ev5tually4 ,"q3 ,d cat]pill>s give y any tr\ble8 ,dr4 ,baum3 ,yes1 !y give me consid]able tr\ble4 ,i spray$ ?is ye> ) ars5ate ( lead4 ,= a few ye>s ,i burn$ !m (f b la/ ye> ,i spray$4 ,"q3 ,d se$l+s come up8 ,dr4 ,baum3 ,a few1 ,i m[ !m d[n4 99 99 99 99 99 ,dr4 ,smi?3 ,i want to talk to y ab\t ! possibility ( mak+ "s small ca% contributions next summ] = a nut conte/4 ,we h n _h any contributions = a nut conte/ = "s "t & x is ! only way we c get any new v>ieties4 ,i w\ld l to />t ?is nut conte/ next ,septemb]4 ,x w be necess>y to get a lot ( p int]e/$ & a lot ( publicity 9 ! newspap]s4 ,we c\ld give a fir/ prize ( #be4jj1 "s #e4jj & "s #c4jj prizes4 ,x means we w\ld h to h #fj4jj or #ge4jj4 ,p]haps we c make a m def9ite call next ,septemb]4 ,dr4 ,!iss3 ,i w\ld l to get any in=mation t is available on ! poll9ization ( filb]ts4 ,! difficulty seems to be 9 gett+ poll9ators4 ,! ,presid5t3 ,!re is full in=mation on t subject 9 ! bullet9 issu$ ( ,pr(4 ,slate ( ! ,g5eva ,exp]im5t ,/ation4 ,pr(4 ,slate1 :at c y tell u ab\t x8 ,h y any in=mation o!r ?an :at 0 publi%$ 9 t bullet98 ,pr(4 ,slate3 ,we h ?is difficulty1 t ! poll5 be>+ catk9s seem to rip5 v e>ly & !n ! fir/ cold snap freezes !m4 ,dr4 ,smi?3 ,i w\ld l to "k some?+ ab\t ! m>ket = %agb>ks & if ! m>ket is = crack$ nuts4 ,! ,presid5t3 ,!re is a v small m>ket = !m 9 ,clevel&1 ,ohio4 ,is !re any in=mation ab\t hickory nuts8 ,pr(4 ,neilson3 ,hickory nuts frequ5tly sell = ab\t #aj;c a p\nd1 sometimes z l[ z ?ree p\nds = a qu>t]4 ,aft] ! discussion clos$ ?ree telegrams 7 read1 f ! ,kellogg ,hotel1 ,! ,ag>d ,hotel & ,! ,*amb] ( ,comm]ce ( ,battle ,creek1 ,mi*4 invit+ ! association to hold its next meet+ 9 t city4 ,a motion 0 unanim\sly adopt$ to hold ! next conv5tion !re ,septemb] #aj? & #aa?1 #aicd4 ,motion 0 made to give ,mr4 ,z4 ,h4 ,ellis a life memb]%ip 9 return = 8 contribution ( #ej4jj4 ,! motion c>ri$4 ,miss ,sawy]3 ,is ! mollissima *e/nut blight pro(8 ,! ,presid5t3 ,i %\ld l to h ,dr4 ,smi? answ] t "q4 ,dr4 ,smi?3 ,! mollissima *e/nut came f ,*9a :]e x has be5 expos$ to ! blight = ages4 ,x is blight resi/ant b n blight pro(4 ,an occasional tree gets ! blight & dies2 an occasional tree gets ! blight & recov]s4 ,x is ! op9ion ( ,mr4 ,g4 ,f4 ,gravatt1 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 t ! physical prosp]ity ( ! tree has mu* to d ) its ability to ?r[ (f ?is disease4 ,= example1 "s ( ! trees at ,bell1 ,m>yl&1 got to be a foot 9 diamet] & bore crops1 )\t any sign ( blight until ! t]rible dr\ght ye> ( #aicj :5 "s ( !m develop$ blight & !n lat] recov]$ f x4 ,i ?9k mollissima *e/nuts are less likely to die ?an *]ries or pea*es1 & probably less likely ?an apples4 ,:ile ! subject ( blight resi/ance 9 *e/nuts is up1 ,i %\ld l to call att5tion to ! fact t !re are _m ,japanese *e/nuts 9 ! ea/]n "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates t h surviv$ ! blight4 ,"s ( !m be> good nuts1 v good nuts1 al?\gh mo/ ( ! ,japanese h a prop]ly bad reputation = flavor4 ,d\btless an exp]im5t] has a *ance ( produc+ some?+ v valuable by bre$+ f ! be/ blight resi/ant ,japanese *e/nuts n[ surviv+ 9 ! ea/]n ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,gre5 ,%oot ,graft+ ( ,trees ,by ,,rob]t ,t4 ,,morris1 ,m4 ,d4 ,new ,york ,9 ! c\rse ( exp]im5tal "w ) trees ,i graft$ scions ( sev]al species & v>ieties into /ocks ( _! respective g5]a at times ( ! ye> :5 graft+ is n commonly done4 ,scions 7 tak5 directly f "o tree & plac$ at once 9 ano!r tree4 ,to ?is me?od ,i gave ! "n ( imm$iate graft+ 9 ord] to di/+ui% x f graft+ ) /or$ scions :i* might be call$ m$iate graft+ indicat+ ! int]m$iate /ep ( /orage4 ,imm$iate graft+ 0 successful 9 mid-w9t] 9 ,connecticut b ,i _h no ?\ght ( mak+ x a practical feature ( our "w beyond ! record+ ( a rese>* fact4 ,imm$iate graft+ 0 successful 9 mid-summ] 9 ,connecticut4 ,! proc$ure 0 v diff]5t f t ( w9t] graft+4 ,9 summ] ! new gre5 gr[? ( ! ye> 0 cut away completely f a scion & ! rema9+ wood ( "o or m previ\s ye>'s gr[? 0 dep5d$ ^u = s5d+ out %oots f lat5t buds4 ,t is :at happ5s aft] accid5ts to limbs or to trunks ( trees & x occurr$ 9 ! same way ) my scions4 ,fur!rmore1 x seem$ to (f] new hope = ! propagation ( walnuts1 maples1 & grapes1 = example1 because ! free fl[+ sap ( su* species 9 ! spr+ & e>ly summ] has l$ to attacks ^u ! sap by bact]ia & fungi :i* ru9 repair cells4 ,i h already publi%$ else:]e ! /atem5t t imm$iate graft+ may be done 9 ! way describ$ 9 any mon? ( ! ye> ) _m k9ds ( plants4 ,exceptions to ?is rule w d\btless appe> "h & !re4 ,= example1 ! graft+ ( trees 9 ,augu/ w\ld n be safe 9 ,connecticut because ! new "y %oots w\ld be kill$ by ,septemb] fro/s4 ,t is ! reason = ,augu/ cutt+ ( bru% by f>m]s4 ,! t5d] new %oots t are s5t out f lat5t /ump buds become fro/$ & ! entire plant may die4 ,on acc\nt ( an illness t _h kept me conf9$ to ! h\se mo/ ( ! "t = "s mon?s1 ,i _h all[$ ! spr+ graft+ season to pass ?is ye>4 ,/or$ scions ( _m k9ds lay "u a heap ( leaves at ! re> ( my g>age4 ,! dry+-out process _h be5 int5sifi$ by an employee :o made a spr+ clean-up ( ! y>d & :o look$ ^u ?is heap ( leaves z some?+ ^u :i* cr$itable %[+ = 8 "w might be made4 ,a mon? or s lat] ,i kick$ ov] ! few rema9+ brok5 remnants ( scions = no reason 9 p>ticul>4 ,d[n ne> ! gr\nd ,i obs]v$ t two hybrid *e/nut scions :i* _h be5 trampl$ into ! gr\nd _h reta9$ "s moi/ure4 ,ea* "o _h s5t out a pale can>y-color$ %oot ( ! sort ) :i* we are pa9fully famili>4 ,! %oot on "o scion 0 ab\t an in* & a ?ird 9 l5g? ) well-=m$ unfold+ sickly yell[ leaves4 ,! o!r scion _h a %oot ( ! same k9d b only ab\t "o-?ird ( an in* 9 l5g? & ) yell[ leaves b>ely out ( bud-bur/+ =m4 ,x occurr$ to me t my old me?od ( wax+ ! entire scion1 leaves & all 9 ?is case1 might be done z an exp]im5t 9 ord] to see h[ long ^! greatly />t$ %oots w\ld hold up if desiccation 0 prev5t$ & always ) ! possibility ( a surprise4 ,"s ye>s ago ,i _h wax$ "s hazel scions f ! ,we/ t _h bur/ _! buds & !y all grew b ! te/ 0 by no means s sev]e z x 0 ) ^! yell[ *e/nut up/>ts4 ,! rule ( disc>d+ scions t are n :olly dormant 0 ab\t to be rudely brok52 wax+ *ang$ ! :ole situation4 ,a mis] does n scrut9ize 8 treasure m acutely ?an we horticulturi/s d :5 gett+ out scions t h be5 /or$ dur+ ! w9t] & ! voice ( ,demet] is call+ u to ! side ( our own w>ds4 ,h[ sadly a million nurs]ym5 h ?r[n away a billion />t$ scions ( valuable k9ds4 ,my two *e/nut scions _h gone f> beyond ! hopeless /age b n[ p]haps ,i c\ld be a doctor to !m4 ,if my two can>y birds c\ld be made to s+ !n w\ld ,i also s+4 ,!y 7 dipp$ 9 a di% ( melt$ p>af9 wax = an in/ant & !n quickly %ak5 9 ! air be=e scor*+ c\ld occur4 ,! scions 7 !n graft$ into a small *9quap9 /ock4 ,a few days lat] "o ( ! l>g] leaves ( ! l>g] %oot _h cle>$ itself f ! wax coat+ & _h begun to exp& widely1 turn+ to a natural gre5 color4 ,! /em ( ! %oot turn$ to a normal br[ni% r$4 ,two t9y %oots !n broke ?r\gh ! wax ( ! l>g] %oot1 look+ l axill>y bud %oots until clos] exam9ation %[$ !m to be scale bud %oots4 ,t %\ld int]e/ plant physiologi/s4 ,ev5tually ! cramp$ leaves rema9+ "u wax coat+ t 0 unnecess>ily d5se f9ally dropp$ away useless4 ,! s+le gre5 leaf & ! two scale bud %oots w5t on to natural developm5t4 ,! small] %oot ( ! o!r scion manag$ to bur/ ?r\gh ! wax completely & made normal gr[?4 ,aft] ^! scions 7 well "u way ,i w5t out & se>*$ 9 ! loose dirt & leaves ( ! old heap & f\nd ano!r hybrid *e/nut scion t pres5t$ ! allusive emblem ( a can>y bird4 ,?is "o _h a %oot ( ab\t half ( "o in* 9 l5g? & x bur/ completely ?r\gh ! wax1 to make a f9e little twig4 ,s mu* = an exp]im5t t l$ imm$iately to "o ( f> great] importance4 ,if can>y bird %oots c\ld be made to break rules ( horticultural !ory & ( record$ fact p]haps we might note ! pr9ciple & apply x to ! exp]im5tal graft+ ( gre5 %oots ( ! ye> 9 tree propagation4 ,?is is :at lawy]s might call a non sequitur4 ,su* graft+ _h always be5 a failure s f> z ,i knew1 & c]ta9ly my own attempts _h fail$ 9 =m] ye>s4 ,graft+ ( new gr[? ( ! ye> ^u new gr[? ( ! ye> 9 ! gr[+ season is an e/abli%$ feature ( horticultural exp]im5t ) c]ta9 annual plants4 ,:y _h x s signally fail$ ) p]5nial plants & mo/ impressively ) trees8 ,d\btless plants produce 9 _! leaves a hormone :i* directs c]ta9 enzymes t conduct w\nd repair by cell division4 ,if plants :i* d n lignify = w9t] manage to direct successful w\nd repair aft] graft+ & if plants :i* d lignify = w9t] d n conduct successful repair ( graft$ new gr[? x occurr$ to me 9 a speculative way t ! reason might p]haps be s\ght 9 ! nature ( ! two diff]5t k9ds ( hormones or ( enzymes belong+ to annuals & to p]5nials respectively4 ,! diff]5ce might possibly dep5d ^u ! arrangem5t ( ions1 anions & cations ^u two sides ( ! p]meable membrane ( a repair cell4 ,! cell is an electrolyte & !re=e division ( ! cell 9 c\rse ( prep>ation = multiplication might p]haps dep5d ^u an electric impulse s delicately 9 balance t ,nature = "s cryptic reason might pref] n to all[ ! necess>y balance to g t[>d cell division 9 grafts consi/+ ( gre5 gr[? ( ! ye> 9 p]5nials4 ,p]haps ,i might defeat natural processes by leav+ a leaf or "p ( "o at ! di/al "p ( a gre5 graft %oot4 ,?is leaf might p]haps elaborate ! necess>y hormones or enzymes = w\nd repair purposes--& also = conduct+ pol>ity ( sap movem5t t[>d ma9t5ance ( t scion & leaf4 ,we ne$ n speculate fur!r ^u ! philosophy ( ! subject because ,i took x up at ?is po9t = pragmatic te/s exp]im5tally4 ,! horticulturi/ does n h to g to ! !atre = ?rills4 ,my advance report at ?is mom5t comes at a "t :5 a sci5ti/ w\ld dem& m works along ) fai? & my only reason = pres5t+ incomplete notes at ?is "t is t !y seem to be fasc9at+ 9 _! outlook & no "o kn[s h[ mu* exp]im5t may be p]mitt$ me = next ye> at ,m]ribrooke4 ,! summ] 0 well along :5 my can>y bird %oots op5$ a vi/a4 ,! vi/a appe>$ at a "t ( dr\ght :5 plant propagators wait = bett] days4 ,x seem$ to be necess>y to get 9 a "p ( ! "w at lea/ on ,july #bh? & we !n _h ! dr\ght int5sifi$ by five m days ( great heat1 temp]atures rang$ above #ij degrees ,f4 9 ! %ade & above #adj degrees ,f4 9 ! sun4 ,aft] ?is p]iod ( heat & dr\ght we _h abundant ra9s4 ,all grafts 7 wax treat$ 9 ^! exp]im5ts4 ,9 no case 0 an entire leaf left at ! di/al end ( a graft because x 0 felt t ev5 "o-f\r? ( "o leaf w\ld att5d to ! requir$ functions4 ,exp4 ,no4 #a4 ,a gr[+ p]simmon %oot ab\t two feet long 0 cut up into scions ) a few buds ea*1 & ab\t "o-f\r? ( a leaf all[$ to rema9 at ! di/al end ( ea* scion1 o!r leaves on ea* scion be+ snipp$ (f4 ,ea* scion includ+ its remnant ( leaf 0 dipp$ 9 melt$ p>ap9 wax4 ,two ( ^! 7 graft$ ^u gre5 %oots ( ano!r p]simmon1 ! latt] cut back to make /ubs = reception ( cleft grafts4 ,?ree ( ! scions 7 ins]t$ 9 b>k slots 9 old] wood4 ,note1 ,sept4 #i?1 ,gre5 leaf "p includ+ its petiole _h dropp$ (f f all five scions4 ,a small slit 9 ! b>k ( ea* graft = inve/igation %[$ t ! cambium 0 gre5 9 f\r grafts1 ! fif? graft 0 completely dead4 ,exp4 ,no4 #b4 ,on ,july #bh? ?ree p]simmon scions consi/+ ( la/ ye>'s wood & ea* "o c>ry+ a c\ple ( in*es ( new gr[? ) a t]m9al trimm$ leaf 7 graft$ into la/ ye>'s wood on ano!r p]simmon tree4 ,note4 ,sept4 #i?4 ,all ?ree grafts dead includ+ bo? old & new wood4 ,exp4 ,no4 #c4 ,july #bh?4 ,"o gre5 p]simmon scion ) t]m9al leaf ins]t$ 9 b>k slot ( bran* "o in* 9 diamet] cut back = purpose4 ,note ,sept4 #i?4 ,dead4 ,on ,augu/ #bnd ! dr\ght _h be5 brok54 ,all trees seem$ to h put up top buds on acc\nt ( dr\ght & heat4 ,! foll[+ exp]im5ts 7 made ) gre5 gr[? ( ! ye> b ) new top buds mu* to my regret at hav+ no actively unfold+ %oots = furni%+ scions4 ,exp4 ,no4 #d4 ,aug #bnd4 ,p]simmon tree 7a7 ,"o graft1 gre5 on gre52 "o gre5 graft on old wood4 ,note4 ,sept4 #i?4 ,t]m9al leaves rema9$ gre5 sev]al days aft] graft+ b by ,sept4 #i? all _h fall5 (f4 ,small slit 9 b>k %[$ cambium ( grafts /ill gre54 ,p]simmon tree 7b7 ,two gre5 grafts on gre54 ,"o gre5 graft 9 b>k slot ( old] wood4 ,note ,sept4 #i?4 ,t]m9al leaves _h f9ally di$ b two ( ! buds ( gre5 graft on gre5 h bur/ =? into leaf4 ,^! w probably w9t]kill4 ,gre5 9 old wood has gre5 cambium b no swell+ bud4 ,exp4 ,no4 #e ,aug #bnd4 ,p]simmon tree 7c7 ,"o gre5 on old wood4 ,sept4 #i?4 ,leaf dead1 cambium ( /em gre54 ,exp4 ,no4 #f4 ,aug #bnd4 ,p]simmon tree 7d7 ,"o gre5 on old wood4 ,sept4 #i?4 ,leaf dead1 cambium ( /em gre54 ,exp4 ,no4 #g4 ,aug4 #bnd4 ,p]simmon tree 7e7 ,?ree gre5s on old wood4 ,sept4 #i?4 ,leaves dead1 "o /em dead1 cambium ( two /ems gre54 ,exp4 ,no4 #h4 ,aug4 #bnd4 ,papaw tree4 ,two gre5s on gre51 two gre5s on old wood4 ,sept4 #i?4 ,two gre5s on gre5 h buds enl>g$ & ready to bur/4 ,"o gre5 on old wood is n enl>g+ its buds4 ,"o gre5 on old wood is dead4 ,exp4 ,no4 #i4 ,aug4 #bnd4 ,engli% walnut4 ,f\r gre5s on gre54 ,sept4 #i?4 ,leaflets dead on all4 ,petiole dead on "o1 /em cambium gre54 ,petioles bright gre5 on ?ree & ! cambium gre5 on ^!4 ,comm5t4 ,i c\ld n take daily notes :i* w\ld h be5 v important4 ,a g5]al /atem5t w cov] ! po9t t ! t]m9al leaf on a scion seldom di$ until x _h function$ = at lea/ a week4 ,"s ( !m function$ = m ?an two weeks & "o ( !m = at lea/ f\r weeks1 fail+ only a day or two ago4 ,?is w\ld seem to mean t ! t]m9al leaves 9 scions conduct$ or help$ to conduct repair 9 gre5 graft w\nds to a po9t :]e buds are n[ bur/+ on two p]simmon scions4 ,two pawpaw scions h enl>g$ buds to ! po9t ( bur/+4 ,! t]m9al leaves on scions seem$ to conduct repair up to a po9t :]e lignify+ = ! w9t] is n[ go+ on4 ,?is _c be det]m9$ until w9t] passes b ,i h nev] obta9$ any?+ l ?is effect until exp]im5t+ ) ! t]m9al leaf !ory = ! fir/ "t ?is ye>4 ,! mo/ /rik+ effect s f> z appe>ance goes is ) ! ,engli% walnut grafts ) _! bright gre5 /ems4 ,if ,i may h opportunity = conduct+ exp]im5ts next summ] ,i %all beg9 e>li] by p9*+ (f ! buds ( gr[+ %oots1 giv+ !m a week ( re/ & !n cutt+ ^! %oots up into scions4 ,if buds !n />t (f l ^? ( two p]simmons & two papaws !y w h "t = lignify+4 ,my :ole lesson ( ?is season w\ld seem to mean t aft] prop]ly *eck$ exp]im5ts we may p]haps add :at ,i call gre5 graft+ to ! o!r =m ( imm$iate graft+4 ,! practical feature ( ?is :ole new phase 9 graft+ me?od is an ext5sion ( ! graft+ season to include e mon? ( ! ye>4 ,scion graft+ ( p]5nials 9 ! latitude & longitude ( ,connecticut _h =m]ly be5 conf9$ to ab\t two mon?'s 9 ! f>m]'s ru% season1 & ) g5]al failure 9 ! graft+ ( "s species :i* may n[ be graft$ successfully4 99 99 99 99 99 ,lett] f ,pr(4 ,colby ,agricultural ,exp]im5t ,/ation ,urbana1 ,ill9ois ,i regret v mu* inde$ t ,i _c att5d ! meet+ ( ! ,nut ,gr[]s ,association ?is ye>4 ,?is lett] be>s my v be/ wi%es & hopes = a successful meet+4 ,we %all miss ,mr4 ,bixby's pleas+ & helpful p]sonality4 ,"s "t ago ,i promis$ to give y a report on "s ( our activities "h & if y ?9k x is wor? :ile1 ,i w\ld appreciate y\r read+ x to ! gr\p4 ,!re is an increas+ int]e/ 9 nut culture 9 ,ill9ois4 ,:olly aside f ! comm]cial aspects :i* h be5 s pr(itably develop$ 9 s\!rn ,ill9ois is a project ( rec5t developm5t1 "o 9 ,ext5sion "w 9 top work+ se$l+ walnuts & pecans ) improv$ v>ieties4 ,?is project is sponsor$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,horticulture1 ,univ]sity ( ,ill9ois1 & ! ,ext5sion ,=e/] ( ! ,/ate ,natural ,hi/ory ,survey1 ) ! coop]ation ( ! ,c\nty ,f>m ,advis]s4 ,la/ fall 9 ,gallat9 ,c\nty native pecans ( ! be/ grades sold = #ah c5ts p] p\nd on ! m>ket1 :ile ! av]age tree run /ock 0 br++ six c5ts4 ,) a native pecan crop f "o c\nty 9 ,ill9ois1 m or less ungrad$1 sell+ = #ajj1jjj 9 a rec5t ye>1 ?9k+ horticulturi/s 9 ! /ate are beg9n+ to feel t !re are pot5tial pr(its 9 nut culture :]e bett] v>ieties are plant$ or top work$4 ,se$l+ trees = top work+ are already gr[+ 9 abundance 9 _m sections ( ! /ate ) an ideal climate & soil = nor!rn nut production4 ,la/ ye> sev5 c\nties 9 ,ill9ois c>ri$ on ! top work+ project4 ,?is ye> approximately ?ree times t numb] h be5 enroll$4 ,9 addition1 gr\ps f neighbor+ c\nties h be5 pres5t at ! demon/rations4 ,gr[]s f ,i[a & ,indiana h also att5d$4 ,! total att5dance has run into ! hundr$s1 bo? m5 & wom51 mo/ ( !m actual gr[]s4 ,all ! meet+s are held out ( doors 9 ! or*>d or nurs]y & ! gr\p is in/ruct$ 9 ! propagation ( nut trees ?r\gh graft+ & budd+4 ,nut gr[]s ( ! imm$iate locality are glad to assi/ ) ! "w4 ,aft] ! discussion & demon/ration1 all pres5t are invit$ to le>n h[ to d ! "w by actual p>ticipation & _m become suffici5tly skill$ to top "w _! own trees ^u _! return home4 ,possibilities ( ?is type ( ext5sion "w are almo/ unlimit$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,lett] f ,j4 ,u4 ,gellatly ,i enclose a %ort *>t or graph ( ! fl[]+ habits ( "s ( my lead+ walnut trees4 ,i />t$ 9 #aicj to keep a record ( "s ( ! trees & h add$ a numb] s9ce till ?is ye> :5 ,i kept a record ( #ag diff]5t trees4 ,! ones %[n cov] ! full "t f ,may #ab? to ,june #be?4 ,"s new ideas 9 budd+ proc$ure t may be ( value & int]e/ ,i also include h]e9 t o!rs may te/ !m out z ,i am do+4 ,b ev5 if !y fail ) me x w n prove t !y h no value1 = ! g5]ally approv$ me?ods h fail$ to give comm]cial results "h4 ,my ma9 idea 0 to try to f9d a new sy/em ( h&l+ ! budd+ op]ations t w\ld give m def9ite results & if possible to elim9ate ! use ( a wax melt] & ! wax+ ( buds4 ,my fir/ trial consi/$ 9 ! use ( flori/'s t9 foil4 ,cutt+ bud f bud /ick ) my new /yle bud cutt]1 ,i cut out ! pat* f /alk & plac$ bud 9 place & ) two or ?ree turns ( raffia1 or rubb] b&s1 secur$ bud 9 place1 !n put #b wraps ( t9foil ar\nd ! bud & /alk ext5d+ f "o in* bel[ to "o in* above bud1 !n ) h& press$ t9foil tightly to %ape ( bud & /alk1 !n completely wrapp$ ) raffia & ti$ securely4 ,?is makes a neat job & is pleasant & conv5i5t to "w )4 ,i h today exam9$ "s buds s treat$ & put on ! #ac? ( ,augu/ & !y appe> to be 9 prime %ape1 no app>5t flood+ or s\r+ ( ! bud pat*4 ,z ?is t9 foil co/ me #be;c p] p\nd1 ,i _h a happy ?\ght ( us+ cellophane :i* is mu* *eap] & is equally easy to use1 on ! :ole1 z ! t9foil z1 :ile x is 9 ! fir/ op]ation ( actually apply+ to /alk n j z easily put on1 x has an important advantage t (fsets ?is1 :i* is ! ease ) :i* "o c see t ! bud is 9 ! exact place1 :ile ! ty+ is tak+ place4 ,my pres5t me?od ( us+ ! cellophane is to apply a d\ble wrapp+ ( cellophane directly ov] ! bud !n to securely wrap f "o-half in* bel[ bud to "o-half in* above bud4 ,?is makes a good air & moi/ure pro( job4 ,exp]i5ce may modify or elim9ate "s p>ts ( ?is proc$ure1 & x is ) ?is 9 view t ,i pass ?is on t o!rs may take x up & "w out ! be/ proc$ure f a wid] exp]i5ce ?an "o c give4 ,f my exp]i5ce ,i w\ld sugge/ t if "o is m>k+ or cutt+ ! pat* on ! /alk #h or #aj days ahead ( plac+ ! bud !reon1 t "o be v c>eful n to cut too deeply z a l>ge p]c5tage ( ^? ,i s cut 7 s badly discolor$ t ,i _h to cut a new place :5 plac+ ! bud1 z ^? done #aj days previ\s %[$ a "o-eigh? in* dead & discolor$ portion ar\nd ! cut t ext5d "o-sixte5? in* into ! trunk ( ! tree1 & no union c\ld possibly take place on su* a spoil$ cambium surface4 ,bus ,t\r ,septemb] #ab? ,by ,j4 ,w4 ,,h]%ey ,d[n+ton1 ,p5nsylvania ,leav+ ! ,hotel ,swan at #h3de ,a4,m4 ) a bus load & #h c>s ! t\r proce$$ to ,dr4 ,truman ,w4 ,jones' grove ( #hjj trees1 #d & #f ye>s old1 #f miles we/ ( ,coatesville on ! ,l9coln ,highway4 ,dr4 ,jones has cont9ually f>m$ 8 l& :i* has help$ greatly to c>ry ! plant+4 ,! next /op 0 at ! nurs]y ( ! late ,j4 ,f4 ,jones1 n[ op]at$ by 8 daught] ,mildr$1 s\? ( ,lanca/]4 ,"h we saw ! int]e/+ te/ or*>d ( ,engli% walnuts1 pecans & black walnuts4 ,mo/ int]e/+ 0 ! te/ block ( hybrid filb]t-hazels />t$ by ,mr4 ,jones "s ye>s ago4 ,! next /op 0 at ,c4 ,f4 ,ho/ett]'s #a1jjj tree grove at ,bird-9-,h&1 ea/ ( ,lanca/]1 :]e we saw :at ,mr4 ,ho/ett] told ab\t 9 8 pap] ye/]day4 ,8 trees all look$ nice & _m trees 7 well load$ ) nuts4 ,next /op 0 at ,l4 ,k4 ,ho/ett]'s grove ( #hjj trees ne> ,oregon4 ,"h v int]e/+ obs]vations 7 made 9 tree & grove proc$ure4 ,"p ( ! grove is n[ 9 blue grass & %eep1 mak+ a v beautiful sett+4 ,"p is int]plant$ ) locu/ trees1 ! idea be+ to fe$ ! gr\nd ) a legume tree & get some?+ 9 return f ! wood4 ,z ! locu/s cr[d ! walnuts !y w be cut4 ,demon/rations 7 giv5 9 hull+ walnuts ) a ,=d c> :i* 0 done by jack+ up "o re> :eel4 ,a tr\gh is ins]t$ "u ! :eel l9$ ) a piece ( truck tire4 ,a mud *a9 is put on ! :eel & z ! :eel revolves1 nuts are p\r$ 9 via a metal *ute & ! nuts fly out ! o!r end v well hull$4 ,! jack is us$ to adju/ ! :eel to diff]5t sizes ( nuts4 ,lem's next eye-op5] 0 a br& new me?od ( sep>at+ ! hulls f ! nuts4 ,two #b-;in* pipes are laid on an incl9e ! ?ickness ( a walnut hull1 ab\t a half in*1 ap>t4 ,! pipes revolve & ! hulls & nuts are p\r$ on at ! top4 ,z !y roll d[n ! incl9e1 & ! rolls revolve1 ! hulls are caught by ! rolls or pipes & pull$ ?r\gh ! crack betwe5 !m4 ,a mo/ rem>kable & simple me?od solv+ "o ( ! major problems 9 comm]cial walnut gr[+4 ,! la/ /op 0 made at ,dr4 ,frank ,baum's grove at ,yell[ ,h\se1 #h miles ea/ ( ,read+ on ! ,boy]t[n highway4 ,"h lun*eon 0 s]v$ by ,dr4 & ,mrs4 ,baum1 ! out/&+ feature be+ walnut ice cream & walnut kisses4 ,aft] ! lun*eon at ,dr4 ,baum's ! foll[+ bus9ess 0 transact$3 ,dr4 ,dem+1 ,*airman ,nom9at+ ,committee1 pres5t$ ! foll[+ nom9ations3 ,presid5t ,frank ,h4 ,frey ,vice-,presid5t ,dr4 ,g4 ,a4 ,zimm]man ,secret>y ,george ,l4 ,slate ,treasur] ,newton ,h4 ,russell ,on motion duly made & c>ri$ ^! (fic]s 7 elect$ by acclamation4 ,motion 0 made1 second$ & c>ri$ t ! annual dues be #b4jj same n to include a subscription to our (ficial j\rnal ! ,national ,nut ,news4 ,motion by ,mr4 ,re$ 0 second$ & c>ri$ t :]e ! memb] wi%$ to d s "o *eck c\ld be submitt$ to our treasur] to cov] bo? dues & subscription to ! (ficial j\rnal & ! treasur] w remit ! subscription to ! ,national ,nut ,news4 ,mr4 ,re$ !n expla9$ = ! b5efit ( ^? pres5t ! arrangem5t :]eby our association is affiliat$ ) ! ,am]ican ,horticultural ,society & by ma9ta9+ its memb]%ip 9 t society ea* memb] ( our association may secure a memb]%ip 9 ! ,am]ican ,horticultural ,society on paym5t ( #b4jj dues p] annum in/ead ( ! cu/om>y dues ( #c4jj4 ,ea* memb] ( ! society receives ! ,national ,horticultural ,magaz9e ( :i* ,mr4 ,re$ is ! nut editor4 ,! magaz9e is issu$ qu>t]ly1 at pres5t1 & x is ! int5tion to h "o or m articles on nut trees 9 ea* issue4 ,on motion by ,dr4 ,smi?1 duly second$ & c>ri$ ! bo>d ( directors are requir$ to au?orize a budget ( exp5ditures = ea* ye> & ?is 0 fix$ at #cej4jj = exp5ses = ye> end+ ,septemb] #aj?1 #aicd4 ,! ,presid5t to advise ! (fic]s ea* ye> ( ! sums appropriat$ = c]ta9 exp5ses4 ,on motion by ,mr4 ,russell1 second$ by ,dr4 ,web] & c>ri$1 article two ( ! by-laws 0 revis$ to cov] ! prop] dues = v>i\s memb]%ips & w be s record$ 9 ! by-laws on page #i4 ,on motion by ,mr4 ,h]%ey1 second$ by ,dr4 ,web] & c>ri$ x 0 agre$ t five copies ( ea* annual bullet9 be mail$ by ! secret>y or ! p]son 9 *>ge ( pr9t+ ! bullet9 to ea* (fic] = di/ribution z he sees fit2 & t "o copy ( ! bullet9 be s5t gratis to ea* non-memb] :o p>ticipates 9 ! program at our annual conv5tions4 ,a ris+ vote ( ?anks 0 giv5 ,dr4 & ,mrs4 ,baum = ! delectable lun*eon s]v$ by !m4 ,an inspection 0 !n made ( ,dr4 ,baum's #a1bjj tree grove4 ,_m trees 7 load$ & all look+ good4 ,"h two cultural problems 7 discuss$4 ,relative to ! walnut blight1 he %[$ u "o tree t 0 afflict$ ne> ! gr\nd & he />t$ to m\nd soil ar\nd x4 ,aft] ?ree ye>s ( increas+ ! m\nd x is n[ #b-a_/b feet high & ! tree is ?riv+ & be>+1 ) e indication t x has ov]come ! disease4 ,op9ion 0 express$ t x ?rew out new roots above ! w\nd to save itself4 ,! exp]im5t is ( imm5se value to or*>d proc$ure4 ,9 obs]v+ a few ( su* trees op9ion 0 express$ t 9 walnut or*>d+1 z 9 fruit or*>d+1 !re w be a few trees t w h to be replac$ ! fir/ few ye>s & is some?+ n to be worri$ ab\t4 ,dr4 ,g4 ,a4 ,zimm]man said1 ,:y worry ab\t ! blight8 ,! wild ones h always _h x to a small ext5t4 ,spread is s sl[ x isn't p]ceptible1 damage be+ almo/ nil1 s let's =get x4 ,banquet ,tuesday ,ev5+ ,septemb] #ab? ,! conv5tion clos$ ) a banquet held 9 ! private d9+ room ( ! ,swan ,hotel4 ,on reque/ ( ! ,presid5t ,mr4 ,john ,w4 ,h]%ey introduc$ ! speak]s ( ! ev5+4 ,rev4 ,g4 ,paul ,musselman spoke briefly & 0 foll[$ by ! aft]-d9n] speak]1 ,mr4 ,al ,b]g/rom1 ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,police ( ,coatesville1 ,pa4 ,8 subject 0 ,nuts--,i ,crack ,!m z ,y ,l ,!m1 & ) _m int]e/+ jokes & humor\s /ories he portray$ an int]e/+ picture ( ! _m problems t h to be met & solv$ by police (fic]s4 ,ea* "o privileg$ to he> ?is =ceful speak] 0 deeply impress$ ) ! responsibility t goes ) citiz5%ip4 ,bus9ess ,session ,! ,presid5t3 ,we w n[ he> ! report ( ! committee on ,hybrids & ,promis+ ,se$l+s4 ,dr4 ,zimm]man1 ,*airman1 gave an oral report call+ att5tion to "s ( ! m important hybrids & new se$l+s describ$ by o!r memb]s dur+ ! sessions ( ! conv5tion & conclud$ by /at+ t ! mo/ important /ep 9 te/+ hybrids 0 to h int]e/$ p plant a numb] ( promis+ hybrids ( hickories & black walnuts & keep accurate records ( ^! se$l+s 7second g5]ation hybrids74 ,!re 0 "s discussion z to :e!r ! ,norton 0 a pure pecan or a hybrid4 ,mr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,re$ /at$ he _h se5 ! p>5t tree himself & believ$ x to be a pure pecan4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,w4 ,h]%ey /at$ t he believ$ x to be a hican1 bas+ 8 op9ion 9 "p on its %[+ hybridity z x is su* a /rong gr[]4 ,he said he _h a numb] ( ,norton trees 9 ! nurs]y & w\ld be glad to sell !m at a nom9al price to ^? :o w\ld be int]e/$ 9 te/+ !m fur!r4 ,! ,presid5t3 ,we w n[ h ! report ( ! resolutions committee4 ,report ( ! ,resolutions ,committee ,be x ,resolv$3 ,t we express our appreciation ( ! g5]osity & public _s ( ,mr4 ,w4 ,k4 ,kellogg 9 mak+ possible "o ( ! l>ge/ exp]im5tal projects 9 nut culture 9 ! nor!rn ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,t we express our s9c]e ?anks to ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,h]%ey & ,dr4 & ,mrs4 ,baum = ! delici\s lun*eons s]v$ our memb]s & gue/s4 ,t we express our s9c]e ?anks to ! ,swan ,hotel managem5t & to ! citiz5s & bus9ess m5 ( ,d[n+t[n = accommodations & s]vices r5d]$3 to ! program committee & committee on local arrangem5ts = ! v complete plans & _! effici5t execution2 to ! speak]s :o h tak5 "p 9 ! program2 to ! exhibitors & to ! (fic]s & memb]s :o h provid$ a mo/ int]e/+ & educational program & to ,messrs4 ,h]%ey1 ,l4 ,k4 ,ho/ett]1 ,c4 ,f4 ,ho/ett]1 ! ,jones ,nurs]ies & ,drs4 ,baum & ,jones = ! privilege ( inspect+ _! nut tree plant+s4 ,& we aga9 express our regrets t ,dr4 ,morris c\ld n be ) u & tru/ 8 heal? w improve4 ,t we express our s9c]e ?anks to ,mr4 ,o4 ,c4 ,lightn] = ! effici5t mann] 9 :i* articles & pap]s submitt$ by our memb]s 7 publi%$ 9 our (ficial j\rnal1 ! ,,national ,,nut ,,news1 & = ! excell5t pr9t+ ( our annual report4 ,we wi% to express our deep sorr[ ov] ! loss ( our fai?ful memb]1 ,pa/ ,presid5t & ,secret>y1 ,mr4 ,will>d ,g4 ,bixby ^: pass+ 0 s t\*+ly ref]r$ to 9 our bus9ess meet+4 ,resolutions ,committee1 ,pr(4 ,james ,a4 ,neilson1 ,*airman ,dr4 ,h>ry ,r4 ,web] ,frank ,h4 ,frey ,a motion 0 made & second$ to accept ! report ( ! ,resolutions ,committee4 7,c>ri$ unanim\sly47 ,pr(essor ,a4 ,c4 ,mc,intyre ( ! ,p5nsylvania ,/ate ,=e/ry ,s]vice 0 !n call$ ^u & discuss$ ! black walnut z a timb] tree4 ,he call$ att5tion to ! fact t ! black locu/ is a legume ( high value & acts z a /imulant to ! gr[? ( o!r trees & are !mselves excell5t = use lat] z f5ce po/s4 ,9 consid]+ ! relative value ( v>i\s nut trees z %ade trees he /ress$ ! fact t ! "t ( leaf+ out 9 ! spr+ & ! dropp+ ( ! leaves 9 ! fall are important factors4 ,motion 0 c>ri$ t ! bo>d ( directors %\ld =mulate requirem5ts = ,honor>y memb]%ip & h a proposition ready = discussion at ! #aicd conv5tion4 ,li/ ( (fic]s & committee memb]s 0 !n read4 ,same are record$ on pages #c & #d4 ,! ,presid5t3 ,att5tion is call$ to ! fact t ! annual dues are n[ only #b4jj & surely !re are a l>ge numb] ( p int]e/$ 9 nut tree gr[+ :o w wi% to jo9 our association4 ,i am sure ea* memb] w wi% to subscribe = our (ficial j\rnal1 ! ,,national ,,nut ,,news1 ! subscription price ( :i* is only #a4jj p] ye> 79 ! ,unit$ ,/ates7 & remittance may be made ?r\gh our ,treasur] or direct to ! ,news at #bhaj ,s\? ,mi*igan ,ave41 ,*icago4 ,^? :o desire to secure budd$ or graft$ nut be>+ trees w h _! ord]s giv5 prop] att5tion by any ( ! foll[+ :o are memb]s ( our association3 ,w4 ,r4 ,fickes1 ,r\te #g1 ,woo/]1 ,ohio4 ,g]>di ,nurs]ies1 ,o',fallon1 ,ill4 ,john ,w4 ,h]%ey1 ,d[n+t[n1 ,pa4 ,indiana ,nut ,nurs]y 7,j4 ,w4 ,wilk9son1 ,prop471 ,rockport1 ,ind4 ,j4 ,f4 ,jones ,nurs]ies1 ,box ,n4 #cef1 ,lanca/]1 ,pa4 ,mi*igan ,nut ,nurs]y 7,h4 ,burg>t71 ,rt4 #b1 ,union ,city1 ,mi*4 ,e4 ,a4 ,riehl ,f>m & ,nurs]y1 ,godfrey1 ,ill4 ,snyd] ,bros41 ,inc41 ,c5t] ,po9t1 ,i[a4 ,sunny ,ridge ,nurs]y 7,dr4 ,j4 ,russell ,smi?71 ,r\nd ,hill1 ,va4 ,w4 ,g4 ,bixby ,nurs]y1 #cb ,gr& ,ave41 ,baldw91 ,n4 ,y4 ,j4 ,u4 ,gellatly1 ,we/ ,bank1 ,b4 ,c41 ,canada4 ,! ,liv+ ,tree ,guild1 #dfh ,f\r? ,ave41 ,new ,york4 ,! latt] has di/ribut$ a great deal ( in=mation on nor!rn nut culture & ,i ?9k a pap] at our next conv5tion outl9+ its "w & accompli%m5ts w\ld be mo/ valuable4 ,ea* "o pres5t is cordially invit$ to att5d our conv5tion next ye>1 ,septemb] #aj & #aa1 #aicd at ,battle ,creek1 ,mi*igan4 ,z !re is no fur!r bus9ess1 ?is ! #bd? ,annual ,conv5tion ( ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s ,association w be adj\rn$4 ,! ,conv5tion adj\rn$ at #i3jj ,p4,m4 ,,exhibits ,by ,cl]mont ,co41 ,ohio ,hill hickories4 ,by ,dr4 ,dem+ ,metal tree labels4 ,by ,w4 ,r4 ,dunlap ,japanese walnut4 ,he>tnut butt]nut cross4 ,se$l+ ,engli% walnut4 ,by ,f4 ,h4 ,frey ,black walnuts3 ,hillabolt1 f ,mrs4 ,c4 ,w4 ,freel1 ,pleasantville1 ,ia4 ,m>ion1 f ,mrs4 ,c4 ,w4 ,freel1 ,pleasantville1 ,ia4 ,metcalf1 f ,mrs4 ,c4 ,w4 ,freel1 ,pleasantville1 ,ia4 ,:eel+1 f ,mrs4 ,c4 ,w4 ,freel1 ,pleasantville1 ,ia4 ,wor?+ton1 f ,mrs4 ,c4 ,w4 ,freel1 ,pleasantville1 ,ia4 ,kettl]1 f ,fr$ ,kettl]1 ,plattesville1 ,wisc4 ,oklahoma ,se$l+ 7,j4 ,rupe/ris1 pp4 #fj #aicb report74 ,rohw]1 f ,j4 ,rohw]1 ,grundy ,c5t]1 ,ia4 ,grundy1 f ,j4 ,rohw]1 ,grundy ,c5t]1 ,ia4 ,/abl] 7"o lobe71 f ,o4 ,h4 ,casp]1 ,anna1 ,ill4 ,sample package ( new me?od sell+ black walnuts1 slic$ %ell & meats toge!r4 ,mat made ( cross sections ( black walnuts fa/5$ toge!r ) copp] wire4 ,by ,j4 ,u4 ,gellatly ,leaf trac+ ( bitt]nut ,engli% walnut hybrid4 ,by ,samuel ,graham ,collection ( black walnuts & hickory nuts f ,i?aca1 ,n4 ,y4 ,by ,j4 ,r4 ,h]%ey ,little ,giant nut crack]4 ,little ,giant walnut hull]4 ,by ,john ,w4 ,h]%ey ,collection ( black walnuts1 hickory nuts & pecans4 ,"o ,?omas black walnut tree f\r feet tall1 "o ye> f graft be>+ a ,?omas walnut4 ,john ,w4 ,h]%ey nut crack]4 ,by ,l4 ,k4 ,ho/ett] ,mont]ey black walnut4 ,by ,f4 ,f4 ,jones ,nurs]ies ,ohio black walnut4 ,?omas black walnut4 ,t5 ,eyck black walnut4 ,pleas hicans4 ,bu*anan filb]ts4 ,jones hybrid hazels & filb]ts4 ,alp9e ,engli% walnuts4 ,hall ,engli% walnuts4 ,wiltz-mayette ,engli% walnuts4 ,by ,h4 ,f4 ,/oke ,homel& black walnut4 ,exhibit ( comm]cial #b-lb4 package ( black walnut k]nels4 ,by ,h>ry ,r4 ,web] ,web] walnut4 ,by ,dr4 ,g4 ,a4 ,zimm]man ,collection ( nuts4 ,,att5dance--#aicc ,,conv5tion ,mrs4 ,laura ,woodw>d ,abbott1 ,r4 ,d4 ,no4 #b1 ,bri/ol1 ,pa4 ,john ,alcorn1 ,paoli1 ,pa4 ,dr4 ,frank ,l4 ,baum1 ,boy]t[n1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,frank ,l4 ,baum1 ,boy]t[n1 ,pa4 ,miss ,doro?y ,baum1 ,boy]t[n1 ,pa4 ,h4 ,k4 ,be>d1 ,s*aeff]/[n1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,h4 ,k4 ,be>d1 ,s*aeff]/[n1 ,pa4 ,miss ,elizabe? ,beitl]1 ,d[n+t[n1 ,pa4 ,al4 ,b]g/rom1 ,coatesville1 ,pa4 ,c>l ,p4 ,birk9b9e1 ,cynwyd1 ,pa4 ,a4 ,r4 ,buckwalt]1 ,flem+ton1 ,n4 ,j4 ,g4 ,y4 ,clem5t1 ,we/ ,*e/]1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,g4 ,y4 ,clem5t1 ,we/ ,*e/]1 ,pa4 ,oliv] ,cro%aw1 ,hight/[n1 ,pa4 ,elroy ,curtis1 ,brookfield1 ,conn4 ,wm4 ,curtis1 ,new ,york1 ,n4 ,y4 ,dr4 ,w4 ,c4 ,dem+1 #ca ,ow5 ,/41 ,h>t=d1 ,conn4 ,milton ,dull1 ,s*aeff]/[n1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,milton ,dull1 ,s*aeff]/[n1 ,pa4 ,c4 ,e4 ,endy1 ,yell[ ,h\se1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,c4 ,e4 ,endy1 ,yell[ ,h\se1 ,pa4 ,pr(4 ,f4 ,n4 ,fagan1 ,/ate ,college1 ,pa4 ,frank ,h4 ,frey1 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,joseph ,b4 ,gable1 ,/ew>t/[n1 ,pa4 ,s4 ,h4 ,graham1 ,i?aca1 ,n4 ,y4 ,paul ,w4 ,haf]1 ,lorane1 ,pa4 ,j4 ,w4 ,h>tman1 ,sligo1 ,pa4 ,dr4 ,julian ,t4 ,hammond1 ,newt[n1 ,pa4 ,john ,k4 ,h]%ey1 ,ronks1 ,pa4 ,j4 ,r4 ,h]%ey1 ,k9z]s1 ,pa4 ,john ,w4 ,h]%ey1 ,d[n+t[n1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,john ,w4 ,h]%ey1 ,d[n+t[n1 ,pa4 ,c4 ,f4 ,ho/ett]1 ,bird-9-,h&1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,c4 ,f4 ,ho/ett]1 ,bird-9-,h&1 ,pa4 ,l4 ,k4 ,ho/ett]1 ,lanca/]1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,j4 ,f4 ,jones1 ,lanca/]1 ,pa4 ,miss ,mildr$ ,jones1 ,lanca/]1 ,pa4 ,m4 ,m4 ,kaufman1 ,cl>ion1 ,pa4 ,mortim] ,b4 ,kelly1 ,morri/[n1 ,n4 ,j4 ,m4 ,gl5 ,kirkpatrick1 c_/o ,f>m ,j\rnal1 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,laud]mil*1 ,lebanan1 ,pa4 ,e4 ,j4 ,leit5b]g]1 #cgdg ,w4 ,p>k ,ave41 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,wm4 ,s4 ,b4 ,mc,caleb1 ,/4 ,davids1 ,pa4 ,a4 ,c4 ,mc,intyre1 ,/ate ,college1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,william ,mc,pherson1 ,d[n+t[n1 ,pa4 ,upton ,mehr+1 ,keym>1 ,md4 ,mrs4 ,upton ,mehr+1 ,keym>1 ,md4 ,f4 ,k4 ,mill]1 ,cl>ion1 ,pa4 ,l5n>d ,h4 ,mit*ell1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,mrs4 ,l5n>d ,h4 ,mit*ell1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,mrs4 ,i4 ,e4 ,murray1 ,d[n+t[n1 ,pa4 ,rev4 ,paul ,musselman1 ,d[n+t[n1 ,pa4 ,pr(4 ,j4 ,a4 ,neilson1 ,ea/ ,lans+1 ,mi*4 ,mrs4 ,j4 ,a4 ,neilson1 ,ea/ ,lans+1 ,mi*4 ,*>les ,s4 ,phillips1 ,p>k]sville1 ,pa4 ,pr(4 ,c4 ,a4 ,re$1 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,john ,rick1 ,read+1 ,pa4 ,j4 ,s4 ,ritt5h\se1 ,lorane1 ,pa4 ,newton ,h4 ,russell1 ,s\? ,hadley1 ,mass4 ,mrs4 ,n4 ,h4 ,russell1 ,s\? ,hadley1 ,mass4 ,miss ,doro?y ,c4 ,sawy]1 ,new ,york1 ,n4 ,y4 ,adam ,s4 ,s*ultz1 ,h]e=d1 ,pa4 ,george ,l4 ,slate1 ,g5eva1 ,n4 ,y4 ,samuel ,m4 ,sm$let1 ,we/ ,*e/]1 ,pa4 ,dr4 ,j4 ,russell ,smi?1 ,sw>?more1 ,pa4 ,ella ,h4 ,snavely1 ,r4 ,d4 ,no4 #b1 ,manheim1 ,pa4 ,h4 ,r4 ,snavely1 ,r4 ,d4 ,no4 #b1 ,manheim1 ,pa4 ,j4 ,m4 ,som]ville1 ,rim]sburg1 ,pa4 ,j4 ,w4 ,sp>ks1 ,r4 ,d41 ,william/[n1 ,n4 ,j4 ,c4 ,d4 ,setl]1 ,yell[ ,h\se1 ,pa4 ,h4 ,f4 ,/okes1 ,roanoke1 ,va4 ,miss ,ru? ,/okes1 ,roanoke1 ,va4 ,jacob ,e4 ,/ov]1 ,spr+wood ,f>ms1 ,york1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,jacob ,e4 ,/ov]1 ,spr+wood ,f>ms1 ,york1 ,pa4 ,c4 ,a4 ,t5ney1 ,cle> ,spr+1 ,md4 ,dr4 ,r4 ,e4 ,!iss1 ,lewisburg1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,r4 ,e4 ,!iss1 ,lewisburg1 ,pa4 ,c>l ,f4 ,walk]1 ,clevel& ,heights1 ,ohio4 ,rob]t ,wallace1 ,paoli1 ,pa4 ,wm4 ,s4 ,weav]1 ,macungie1 ,pa4 ,dr4 ,h>ry ,r4 ,web]1 ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio4 ,mrs4 ,h>ry ,r4 ,web]1 ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio4 ,dr4 ,g4 ,a4 ,zimm]man1 ,h>risburg1 ,pa4 ,mrs4 ,g4 ,a4 ,zimm]man1 ,h>risburg1 ,pa4 ,,books ,,& ,,bullet9s ,,on ,,nor!rn ,,nut ,,gr[+ #a4 ,nut ,culture 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture1 #ahif4 ,out ( pr9t & out ( date b ( great int]e/4 #b4 ,! ,nut ,culturi/1 ,full]1 pub4 ,orange ,judd ,co41 ,n4 ,y41 #aijf4 ,out ( pr9t & out ( date b a sy/ematic & well writt5 treatise4 ,^! two books are ! classics ( ,am]ican nut gr[+4 #c4 ,nut ,gr[+1 ,dr4 ,rob]t ,t4 ,morris1 pub4 ,mac,millan1 ,n4 ,y4 #bnd edition #aica1 price #b4ej4 ,! mod]n au?ority1 writt5 9 ! au?or's ent]ta9+ & /imulat+ /yle4 #d4 ,f>m]s' ,bullet9 ,no4 #aeja1 #aibf1 ,nut ,tree ,propagation1 ,c4 ,a4 ,re$1 to be _h free f ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,a v full bullet9 ) _m illu/rations4 #e4 ,tree ,crops1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,russell ,smi?1 pub4 ,h>c\rt1 ,brace ,co41 ,n4 ,y41 #aibi1 price #d4jj4 ,includes ! nut crop4 #f4 ,annual reports ( ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association f #aiaa to date4 ,to be _h f ! secret>y4 ,prices on reque/4 #g4 ,bullet9 ,no4 #e1 ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association1 by ,w4 ,g4 ,bixby4 #bnd edition1 #aibj4 ,to be _h f ! secret>y4 ,price fifty c5ts4 #h4 ,f>m]s' ,bullet9 ,no4 #acib1 ,black ,walnut ,culture = bo? ,timb] & ,nut ,production4 ,to be _h f ! ,supt4 ( ,docum5ts1 ,gov4 ,pr9t+ ,(fice1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,price #e c5ts4 #i4 ,ye> ,book ,sep>ate ,no4 #ajjd1 #aibg1 a brief article on nor!rn nut gr[+1 by ,c4 ,a4 ,re$1 to be _h free f ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 #aj4 ,filb]ts--,g4 ,a4 ,slate--,bullet9 ,no4 #ehh1 ,new ,york ,/ate ,agricultural ,exp]im5t ,/ation1 ,g5eva1 ,n4 ,y41 ,decemb]1 #aicj4 #aa4 ,leaflet ,no4 #hd1 #aicb1 ,plant+ ,black ,walnut1 ,w4 ,r4 ,mattoon & ,c4 ,a4 ,re$1 to be _h free f ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 #ab4 ,h>ve/+ & ,m>ket+ ! ,native ,nut ,crops ( ! ,nor?1 by ,c4 ,a4 ,re$1 #aicb1 mimeograph$ bullet91 to be _h free f ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 #ac4 ,deal]s 9 ,black ,walnut ,k]nels1 mimeograph$ bullet9 by ,c4 ,a4 ,re$1 #aica1 to be _h free f ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 #ad4 ,ea/]n ,nurs]y ,catalogues ,li/+ ,nut ,trees1 mimeograph$ leaflet to be _h free f ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 #ae4 ,tw5ty ,ye>s ,progress 9 ,nor!rn ,nut ,culture4 ,a #dh-page booklet ( valuable in=mation & in/ruction by ,john ,w4 ,h]%ey1 ,nuticulturi/1 ,d[n+t[n1 ,p5na4 ,price #be c5ts4 #af4 ,! ,national ,nut ,news1 (ficial organ ( ! ,nor!rn ,nut ,gr[]s' ,association1 #bhaj ,s\? ,mi*igan ,ave41 ,*icago1 ,ill9ois4 ,mon?ly1 ,"o ,doll> a ye>4 #ag4 ,files ( ,! ,am]ican ,nut ,j\rnal1 to be _h f ! publi%]s1 ,am]ican ,nurs]yman ,publi%+ ,co41 #ci ,/ate ,/41 ,ro*e/]1 ,n4 ,y4 ,happy ,is ! ,man ,:o ,has a ,hobby ,illu/ration ,,happy is ! man :o has a hobby1 runs ! old say+4 ,& /ill happi] is ! hobbyi/ :o regul>ly receives & reads ,,hobbies--,,! ,,magaz9e ,,= ,,collectors4 ,"h1 9 ?is int]e/+1 pr(usely illu/rat$1 #agj-page mon?ly y w f9d news1 pictures1 & in=mation1 z well z buy+1 sell+ & swapp+ ads1 9 all bran*es ( collect+4 ,,hobbies has a p>ticul>ly f9e & complete ,/amp ,collector's ,dep>tm5t--#dj or m pages ea* mon? devot$ to /amp club news1 notes1 articles on /amps & /amp issu+ c\ntries1 dep>tm5t on precancels1 new issues1 & airmails1 & g5]al in=mation4 7,,hobbies1 by ! way1 is ! ,(ficial ,organ ( ! great ,society ( ,philatelic ,am]icans47 ,,hobbies is also ! out/&+ m$ium = ! ex*ange ( in=mation1 news1 & adv]tis+ ( int]e/ to collectors ( ,antiques1 ,autographs1 ,co9s1 ,indian ,relics1 ,books1 ,fire>ms1 ,pr9ts1 ,m9]als1 ,%ells1 ,glassw>e1 & _m o!r collect$ articles4 ,x's fun to h a hobby1 & to "k :at o!rs :o %>e y\r int]e/s are do+ & ?9k+6 ,let ,,hobbies keep y po/$6 ,& if y hav5't a hobby z yet1 b w\ld l to h "o1 let ,,hobbies help y to f9d x6 ,subscribe to ,,hobbies6 ,sample ,copy1 #aj;c ,ye>'s ,subscription1 only #a4jj ,lightn] ,publi%+ ,corp4 #bhaj ,s4 ,mi*igan ,ave4 ,*icago1 ,ill9ois