,,*ri/ianity999999 ,note3 ,! digital mat]ial us$ = ! prep>ation ( ?is file1 includ+ images ( ! orig9al pages1 are available ?r\gh ! ,*ri/ian ,classics ,e!real ,libr>y4 ,see http3_/_/www4ccel4org_/ccel_/baconlw_/hi /ory4html ,transcrib]'s notes3 ,greek words 9 ?is text h be5 translit]at$ & plac$ betwe5 m>ks4 ,words 9 italics are surr\nd$ ) und]scores4 ,a li/ ( corrections made is at ! end ( ! text4 ,! ,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies ,consi/+ ( a ,s]ies ( ,d5om9ational ,hi/ories ,publi%$ ,"u ! ,auspices ( ! ,am]ican ,society ( ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,g5]al ,editors ,,rev4 ,,philip ,,s*aff1 ,d4 ,d41 ,,ll4 ,d4 ,,rt4 ,,rev4 ,h4 ,c4 ,,pott]1 ,d4 ,d41 ,,ll4 ,d4 ,,rev ,,geo4 ,p4 ,,fi%]1 ,d4 ,d41 ,,ll4 ,d4 ,,bi%op ,,john ,f4 ,,hur/1 ,d4 ,d41 ,,ll4 ,d4 ,,rev4 ,e4 ,j4 ,,wolf1 ,d4 ,d4 ,,h5ry ,c4 ,,v$d]1 ,m4 ,a4 ,,rev4 ,,samuel ,m4 ,,jackson1 ,d4 ,d41 ,,ll4 ,d4 ,volume ,,xiii ,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,am]ican ,,*ri/ianity by ,,leon>d ,,woolsey ,,bacon ,new ,york ,! ,*ri/ian ,lit]ature ,co4 ,,mdcccxcvii ,copyright1 #ahig1 by ,! ,*ri/ian ,lit]ature ,co4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,,*ap4 ,i4--,,provid5tial ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,! ,,discov]y ,,( ,,am]ica #a-e ,purpose ( ! long concealm5t ( ,am]ica1 #a4 ,a m$ieval *ur* 9 ,am]ica1 #b4 ,revival ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 #c1 especially 9 ,spa91 #d1 #e4 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4--,,spani% ,,*ri/ianity ,,9 ,,am]ica #f-ae ,va/ness & swiftness ( ! ,spani% conque/s1 #f4 ,conv]sion by ! sword1 #g4 ,rapid success & sudd5 d[nfall ( missions 9 ,florida1 #i4 ,! l /ory 9 ,new ,mexico1 #ab1 & 9 ,cali=nia1 #ad4 ,,*ap4 ,,iii4--,,fr5* ,,*ri/ianity ,,9 ,,am]ica #af-bi ,magnific5ce ( ! ,fr5* s*eme ( we/]n empire1 #af4 ,sup]ior dignity ( ! ,fr5* missions1 #ai4 ,swift expansion ( !m1 #bj4 ,collision ) ! ,engli% colonies1 & triumph ( ,france1 #ba4 ,sudd5 & complete failure ( ! ,fr5* *ur*1 #bc4 ,causes ( failure3 7#a7 ,dep5d5ce on royal patronage1 #bd4 7#b7 ,implication 9 ,indian feuds1 #be4 7#c7 ,in/ability ( ,jesuit ef=ts1 #bf4 7#d7 ,scant9ess ( ,fr5* population1 #bg4 ,political aspect ( ,fr5* missions1 #bh4 ,rec5t ,fr5* ,ca?olic immigration1 #bi4 ,,*ap4 ,,iv4--,,antec$5ts ,,( ,,p]man5t ,,*ri/ian ,,colonization #cj-cg ,controv]sies & p>ties 9 ,europe1 #ca1 & especially 9 ,engl&1 #cb4 ,dis9tegration ( ,*ri/5dom1 #cd4 ,new exp]im5t ( *ur* life1 #ce4 ,p]secutions promote emigration1 #cf1 #cg4 ,,*ap4 ,v4--,,puritan ,,beg9n+s ,,( ,,! ,,*ur* ,,9 ,,virg9ia #ch-ec ,! ,rev4 ,rob]t ,hunt1 *apla9 to ! ,virg9ia colony1 #ch4 ,base quality ( ! emigration1 #ci4 ,assiduity 9 religi\s duties1 #da4 ,rev4 ,ri*>d ,buck1 *apla91 #db4 ,/rict ,puritan regime ( ,sir ,t4 ,dale & ,rev4 ,a4 ,:itak]1 #dc4 ,bright5+ prospects ext+ui%$ by massacre1 #dh4 ,dissolution ( ! ,puritan ,virg9ia ,company by ! k+1 #dh4 ,puritan m9i/]s sil5c$ by ! royal gov]nor1 ,b]keley1 #di4 ,! gov]nor's *apla91 ,h>rison1 is conv]t$ to ,puritan pr9ciples1 #di4 ,visit ( ! ,rev4 ,patrick ,copl&1 #ej4 ,degradation ( *ur* & cl]gy1 #ea4 ,commiss>y ,blair attempts re=m1 #eb4 ,hugu5ots & ,scot*-,iri%1 #ec4 ,,*ap4 ,,vi4--,,m>yl& ,,& ,,! ,,c>ol9as #ed-fg ,george ,calv]t1 ,"l ,baltimore1 #ed2 secures grant ( ,m>yl&1 #ee4 ,! second ,"l ,baltimore organizes a colony on ! basis ( religi\s lib]ty1 #ef4 ,success ( ! two ,jesuit prie/s1 #eg4 ,baltimore re/ra9s ! ,jesuits1 #eh1 & enc\rages ! ,puritans1 #ei4 ,attempt at an ,anglican e/abli%m5t1 #fa4 ,commiss>y ,bray1 #fa4 ,t>dy settlem5t ( ! ,c>ol9as1 #fb4 ,a mix$ population1 #fc4 ,success ( ,quak]ism1 #fe4 ,am]ican orig9 ( ,engli% mission>y societies1 #ff4 ,,*ap4 ,,vii4--,,dut* ,,calv9i/s ,,& ,,sw$i% ,,lu!rans #fh-ha ,fa9t traces ( religi\s life 9 ! ,dut* settlem5ts1 #fi4 ,pa/ors ,mi*aelius1 ,bog>dus1 & ,megapol5sis1 #gj4 ,religi\s lib]ty1 div]sity1 & bigotry1 #gb4 ,! ,quak]s p]secut$1 #gc4 ,l[ vitality ( ! ,dut* colony1 #ge4 ,sw$i% colony on ! ,delaw>e1 #gf2 subjugat$ by ! ,dut*1 #gg4 ,! ,dut* evict$ by ,engl&1 #gh4 ,! ,dut* *ur* langui%es1 #gi4 ,attempts to e/abli% ,anglicanism1 #gi4 ,! ,s4 ,p4 ,g41 #hj4 ,,*ap4 ,,viii4--,,! ,,*ur* ,,9 ,,new ,,engl& #hb-ajh ,puritan & ,sep>ati/1 #hb4 ,! ,sep>ati/s ( ,scrooby1 #hc4 ,mutual animosity ( ! two p>ties1 #hd4 ,_s ( ,john ,rob9son1 #he4 ,! social compact ( ! ,pilgrims1 9 /ate1 #hg2 & 9 *ur*1 #hh4 ,feebl5ess ( ! ,plym\? colony1 #hi4 ,! ,puritan colony at ,salem1 #ij4 ,purpose ( ! coloni/s1 #ia4 ,_! "r to pick _! own company1 #ib4 ,fell[%ip ) ! ,pilgrims1 #ic4 ,con/itut+ ! ,salem *ur*1 & ord9ation ( its m9i/]s1 #ie4 ,expulsion ( s*ismatics1 #ig4 ,com+ ( ! great ,massa*usetts colony br++ ! *>t]1 #ih4 ,! ,new ,engl& *ur* polity1 #ii4 ,nationalism ( ! ,puritans1 #ajj4 ,deal+s ) ,rog] ,williams1 ,mrs4 ,hut*9son1 & ! ,quak]s1 #aja4 ,div]sities among ! colonies1 #ajb4 ,div]g5ces ( op9ion & practice 9 ! *ur*es1 #ajc4 ,v>iety ( sects 9 ,rhode ,isl&1 #ajf1 ) mutual good w1 #ajg4 ,lapse ( ! ,puritan *ur*-/ate1 #ajh4 ,,*ap4 ,,ix4--,,! ,,middle ,,colonies ,,& ,,georgia #aji-abf ,dut*1 ,puritan1 ,scot*1 & ,quak] settl]s 9 ,new ,j]sey1 #aji4 ,quak] corporation & gov]nm5t1 #aaj4 ,quak] reaction f ,puritanism1 #aac4 ,extravagance & discipl9e1 #aad4 ,quak]ism 9 cont95tal ,europe1 #aae4 ,p5n's ,holy ,exp]im5t1 #aaf4 ,philadelphia f\nd$1 #aag4 ,g]man sects1 #aah4 ,kei?'s s*ism1 & ! mission ( ! ,s4 ,p4 ,g41 #aai4 ,lu!ran & ,re=m$ ,g]mans1 #abj4 ,scot*-,iri%1 #aba4 ,georgia1 #abb4 ,ogle?orpe's *>itable s*eme1 #abc4 ,! ,salzburg]s1 ! ,moravians1 & ! ,wesleys1 #abd4 ,george ,:itefield1 #abf4 ,,*ap4 ,x4--,,! ,,eve ,,( ,,! ,,great ,,awak5+ #abg-aed ,fall ( ! ,new ,engl& !ocracy1 #abh4 ,diss5t f ! ,/&+ ,ord]3 ,bapti/1 #acj2 ,episcopalian1 #aca4 ,9 ,new ,york3 ! ,dut* *ur*1 #acd2 ! ,engli%1 #ace2 ! ,presbyt]ian1 #acf4 ,new ,engl&]s mov+ we/1 #acg4 ,quak]s1 ,hugu5ots1 & ,palat9es1 #aci4 ,new ,j]sey3 ,frel+huys5 & ! ,t5n5ts1 #ada4 ,p5nsylvania3 successes & failures ( ,quak]ism1 #adc4 ,! s\!rn colonies3 _! e/abli%$ *ur*es1 #adh2 ! mission ( ! ,quak]s1 #adi4 ,! gospel among ! ,indians1 #aej4 ,! *ur* & slav]y1 #aea4 ,,*ap4 ,,xi4--,,! ,,great ,,awak5+ #aee-ahj ,jona?an ,edw>ds at ,nor?ampton1 #aef4 ,an ,awak5+1 #aeg4 ,edw>ds's ,n>rative 9 ,am]ica & ,engl&1 #aei4 ,revivals 9 ,new ,j]sey & ,p5nsylvania1 #afj4 ,apo/olate ( ,:itefield1 #afc4 ,s*ism ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 #aff4 ,:itefield 9 ,new ,engl&1 #afh4 ,faults & excesses ( ! evangeli/s1 #afi4 ,good fruits ( ! revival1 #agc4 ,diffusion ( ,bapti/ pr9ciples1 #agc4 ,national religi\s unity1 #age4 ,attitude ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 #agg4 ,zeal = missions1 #agi4 ,,*ap4 ,,xii4--,,close ,,( ,,! ,,colonial ,,era #aha-bjg ,gr[? ( ! ,new ,engl& !ology1 #aha4 ,watts's ,psalms1 #ahb4 ,w>like agitations1 #ahd4 ,! ,scot*-,iri% immigration1 #ahf4 ,! ,g]man immigration1 #ahg4 ,spiritual de/itution1 #ahh4 ,z9z5dorf1 #ahi4 ,attempt at union among ! ,g]mans1 #aij4 ,al>m ( ! sects1 #aia4 ,muehl5b]g & ! ,lu!rans1 #aia4 ,z9z5dorf & ! ,moravians1 #aib4 ,s*latt] & ! ,re=m$1 #aie4 ,s*ism made p]man5t1 #aig4 ,wesleyan ,me?odism1 #aih4 ,francis ,asbury1 #bjj4 ,me?odism gravitates s\?w>d & gr[s apace1 #bja4 ,opposition ( ! *ur* to slav]y1 #bjc2 & to intemp]ance1 #bje4 ,project to introduce bi%ops f ,engl&1 resi/$ 9 ! int]e/ ( lib]ty1 #bjf4 ,,*ap4 ,,xiii4--,,recon/ruction #bjh-bbi ,di/raction & depression aft] ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce1 #bjh4 ,=lorn condition ( ! ,episcopalians1 #baj4 ,_! republican con/itution1 #baa4 ,episcopal consecration secur$ 9 ,scotl& & 9 ,engl&1 #bab4 ,feebl5ess ( ,am]ican ,ca?olicism1 #bad4 ,bi%op ,c>roll1 #bae4 ,tru/eeism1 #baf4 ,me?odism becomes a *ur*1 #bag4 ,we/w>d movem5t ( ,*ri/ianity1 #bai4 ,sev]ance ( *ur* f /ate1 #bba4 ,doctr9al divisions2 ,calv9i/ & ,arm9ian1 #bbb4 ,unit>ianism1 #bbd4 ,univ]salism1 #bbe4 ,"s m9or sects1 #bbh4 ,,*ap4 ,,xiv4--,,! ,,second ,,awak5+ #bcj-bde ,ebb-tide ( spiritual life1 #bcj4 ,depravity & revival at ! ,we/1 #bcb4 ,! fir/ camp-meet+s1 #bcc4 ,good fruits1 #bcg4 ,n]v\s epidemics1 #bci4 ,! ,cumb]l& ,presbyt]ians1 #bda4 ,! antisect>ian sect ( ,! ,disciples1 #bdb4 ,revival at ! ,ea/1 #bdb4 ,presid5t ,dwight1 #bdc4 ,,*ap4 ,,xv4--,,organiz$ ,,b5efic5ce #bdf-bfj ,mission>y _s ( ! revival1 #bdf4 ,religi\s e>ne/ness 9 ! colleges1 #bdg4 ,mills & 8 fri5ds at ,william/[n1 #bdh2 & at ,&ov]1 #bdi4 ,! ,unit>ian s*ism 9 ,massa*usetts1 #bdi4 ,new era ( !ological sem9>ies1 #bea4 ,f\nd+ ( ! ,a4 ,b4 ,c4 ,f4 ,m41 #beb2 ( ! ,bapti/ ,mission>y ,conv5tion1 #bec4 ,o!r mission>y bo>ds1 #bee4 ,! ,am]ican ,bible ,society1 #bef4 ,mills1 & 8 "w = ! ,we/ & = ,africa1 #bef4 ,o!r societies1 #beh4 ,gl[+ hopes ( ! *ur*1 #bei4 ,,*ap4 ,,xvi4--,,conflicts ,,) ,,public ,,wrongs #bfa-bia ,work+ ( ! volunt>y sy/em ( *ur* support1 #bfa4 ,duel+1 #bfc4 ,crime ( ! ,/ate ( ,georgia aga9/ ! ,*]okee nation1 implicat+ ! f$]al gov]nm5t1 #bfd4 ,j]emiah ,ev>ts & ,!odore ,frel+huys51 #bfg4 ,unanimity ( ! *ur*1 ,nor? & ,s\?1 aga9/ slav]y1 #bfh4 ,! ,miss\ri ,compromise1 #bgj4 ,antislav]y activity ( ! *ur*1 at ! ,ea/1 #bga2 at ! ,we/1 #bgc2 at ! ,s\?1 #bgd4 ,difficulty ( antislav]y *ur* discipl9e1 #bge4 ,! s\!rn apo/asy1 #bgg4 ,causes ( ! sudd5 revolution ( s5tim5t1 #bgi4 ,defections at ! ,nor?1 & rise ( a pro-slav]y p>ty1 #bhb4 ,! ,kansas-,nebraska ,bill2 solemn & unanim\s prote/ ( ! cl]gy ( ,new ,engl& & ,new ,york1 #bhd4 ,primeval temp]ance legislation1 #bhe4 ,preval5ce ( drunk5ness1 #bhf4 ,temp]ance re=mation a religi\s movem5t1 #bhf4 ,developm5t ( ! saloon1 #bhh4 ,! ,wa%+tonian movem5t & its drawbacks1 #bhi4 ,! ,prohibition p]iod1 #bij4 ,,*ap4 ,,xvii4--,a ,,decade ,,( ,,controv]sies ,,& ,,s*isms #bib-cad ,diss5sions 9 ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 #bib4 ,gr[+ /r5g? ( ! ,new ,engl& elem5t1 #bic4 ,impea*m5ts ( h]esy1 #bid4 ,b5evol5t societies1 #bie4 ,sudd5 excommunication ( ne>ly "o half ( ! *ur* by ! o!r half1 #bif4 ,h]esy & s*ism among ,unit>ians3 ,em]son1 #bih2 & ,p>k]1 #cjj4 ,disruption1 on ! slav]y "q1 ( ! ,me?odi/s1 #cja2 & ( ! ,bapti/s1 #cjc4 ,resuscitation ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 #cjd4 ,bi%op ,hob>t & a ,high-*ur* p>ty1 #cjf4 ,rapid gr[? ( ?is *ur*1 #cjh4 ,controv]sies 9 ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 #caj4 ,cont5tion aga9/ ,prote/ant fanaticism1 #cab4 ,,*ap4 ,,xviii4--,,! ,,great ,,immigration #cae-cci ,expansion ( t]ritory & increase ( population 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 #cae4 ,great volume ( immigration f #ahdj on1 #caf4 ,h[ drawn & h[ driv51 #caf4 ,at fir/ pr9cipally ,iri%1 !n ,g]man1 !n ,sc&9avian1 #cah4 ,! ,ca?olic cl]gy ov]task$1 #cbj4 ,losses ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 #cba4 ,lib]aliz$ tone ( ,am]ican ,ca?olicism1 #cbc4 ,plant+ ! *ur* 9 ! ,we/1 #cbg4 ,sect>ian competitions1 #cbh4 ,prote/ant sects & ,ca?olic ord]s1 #cbi4 ,mormonism1 #cce4 ,mill]ism1 #ccf4 ,spiritualism1 #ccg4 ,,*ap4 ,,xix4--,,! ,,civil ,,w> #cdj-cej ,mat]ial prosp]ity1 #cdj4 ,! ,kansas ,crusade1 #cda4 ,! revival ( #aheg1 #cdb4 ,deep5+ ( ! slav]y conflict1 #cde4 ,?reats ( w>1 #cdg4 ,religi\s s9c]ity ( bo? sides1 #cdh4 ,! *ur* 9 w>-"t1 #cdi4 ,,*ap4 ,,xx4--,,aft] ,,! ,,civil ,,w> #cea-cgc ,recon/ructions1 #cea4 ,! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 #ceb4 ,! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 #ceb4 ,p]si/5t divisions among ,me?odi/s1 ,bapti/s1 & ,presbyt]ians1 #cec4 ,heal+ ( ,presbyt]ian s*isms1 #cee4 ,missions at ! ,s\?1 #cee4 ,va/ expansion ( *ur* activities1 #ceg4 ,great religi\s & educational end[m5ts1 #cei4 ,! enli/+ ( p]sonal s]vice3 ,! ,sunday-s*ool1 #cfb4 ,*autauqua1 #cfc4 ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a41 #cfd4 ,y4 ,w4 ,c4 ,a41 #cff4 ,w4 ,c4 ,t4 ,u41 #cfg4 ,wom5's mission>y bo>ds1 #cfg4 ,nurs+ ord]s & s*ools1 #cfh4 ,y4 ,p4 ,s4 ,c4 ,e41 & l associations1 #cfh4 ,! ,in/itutional ,*ur*1 #cfi4 ,! ,salvation ,army1 #cgj4 ,loss ( ! ,am]ican ,sabba?1 #cga4 ,,*ap4 ,,xxi4--,,! ,,*ur* ,,9 ,,!ology ,,& ,,lit]ature #cgd-cig ,unfold+ ( ! ,edw>dean !ology1 #cgd4 ,horace ,bu%nell1 #cge4 ,! ,m]c]sburg !ology1 #cgg4 ,bodies ( div9ity1 #cgh4 ,biblical sci5ce1 #cgh4 ,pr9ceton's new dogma1 #chj4 ,*ur* hi/ory1 #cha4 ,! ,am]ican pulpit1 #chb4 ,appli$ ,*ri/ianity1 #che4 ,liturgics1 #chf4 ,hymns1 #chg4 ,o!r liturgical /udies1 #chh4 ,*ur* music1 #cia4 ,! ,moravian liturgies1 #cid4 ,meag] productiv5ess ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 #cid4 ,! ,am]icaniz+ ( ! ,roman ,*ur*1 #cif4 ,,*ap4 ,,xxii4--,,t5d5cies ,,t[>d ,a ,,manife/ation ,,( ,,unity #cih-dbj ,gr[? ( ! nation & national union1 #cih4 ,p>allel gr[? ( ! *ur*1 #cii2 & ecclesia/ical division1 #djj4 ,no pr$om9ant sect1 #dja4 ,s*ism acceptable to politicians1 #djb2 & to "s ,*ri/ians1 #djc4 ,comp5sations ( s*ism1 #djd4 ,nisus t[>d manife/ union1 #dje4 ,e>ly ef=ts at fell[%ip among sects1 #djf4 ,high-*ur* prote/s aga9/ union1 #djg4 ,! ,evangelical ,alliance1 #djh4 ,fell[%ip 9 non-sect>ian associations1 #dji4 ,coop]ation ( lead+ sects 9 ,ma9e1 #daj4 ,v>i\s unpromis+ projects ( union3 ,i4 ,union on sect>ian basis1 #daa4 ,,ii4 ,ecum5ical sects1 #dab4 ,,iii4 ,consolidation ( sects1 #dac4 ,! hope ( manife/$ unity1 #daf4 ,conclusion1 #dai4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,am]ican ,,*ri/ianity4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,provid5tial ,,prep>ations ,,= ,,! ,,discov]y ,,( ,,am]ica--,,spiritual ,,revival ,,?r\gh\t ,,*ri/5dom1 ,,& ,,especially ,,9 ,,! ,,*ur* ,,( ,,spa94 ,! h]oic discov]y ( ,am]ica1 at ! close ( ! fifte5? c5tury aft] ,*ri/1 has compell$ ! g5]\s & j admiration ( ! _w2 b ! gr&eur ( human ent]prise & a*ievem5t 9 ! discov]y ( ! we/]n hemisph]e has a less claim on our admiration ?an t div9e wisdom & controll+ provid5ce :i*1 = reasons n[ manife/$1 kept ! secret hidd5 ?r\gh s _m mill5niums1 9 spite ( cont9ual *ances ( disclosure1 until ! fullness ( "t4 ,h[ ne>1 to speak z a fool1 ! plans ( ,god came to be+ defeat$ by human ent]prise is illu/rat$ by unque/ion$ facts4 ,! fact ( m$ieval exploration1 colonization1 & ev5 evangelization 9 ,nor? ,am]ica seems n[ to h em]g$ f ! region ( fanciful conjecture into t ( hi/ory4 ,t = f\r c5turies1 end+ ) ! fifte5?1 ! *ur* ( ,icel& ma9ta9$ its bi%ops & o!r mission>ies & built its *ur*es & mona/]ies on ! froz5 coa/ ( ,gre5l& is abundantly prov$ by docum5ts & monum5ts4 ,dim b seem+ly unmi/akable traces are n[ discov]$ ( ent]prises1 n only ( exploration & trade1 b also ( evangelization1 rea*+ along ! ma9l& s\?w>d to ! %ores ( ,new ,engl&4 ,!re are vague indications t ^! beg9n+s ( ,*ri/ian civilization 7 ext+ui%$1 z 9 s _m lat] in/ances1 by savage massacre4 ,) impressive co9cid5ce1 ! late/ ve/ige ( ?is primeval ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity fades out 9 ! v ye> ( ! discov]y ( ,am]ica by ,columbus4#b3a ,by a prodigy ( div9e provid5ce1 ! secret ( ! ages _h be5 kept f premature disclosure dur+ ! c5turies 9 :i*1 )\t kn[+ x1 ! ,old ,_w 0 actually 9 communication ) ! ,new4 ,t 0 high /rategy 9 ! w>f>e = ! advancem5t ( ! k+dom ( ,god 9 ! e>?4 ,:at possibilities1 ev5 yet only beg9n+ to be accompli%$1 7 ?us sav$ to bo? hemisph]es6 ,if ! discov]y ( ,am]ica _h be5 a*iev$ f\r c5turies or ev5 a s+le c5tury e>li]1 ! ,*ri/ianity to be transplant$ to ! we/]n _w w\ld h be5 t ( ! *ur* ( ,europe at its l[e/ /age ( decad5ce4 ,! p]iod clos+ ) ! fifte5? c5tury 0 t ( ! d5se d>kness t goes be=e ! dawn4 ,x 0 a p]iod 9 :i* ! l+]+ life ( ! *ur* 0 *iefly manife/$ 9 fev]i% compla9ts ( ! widespread corruption & outcries = re=mation ( ! *ur* 9 head & memb]s4 ,! deg5]acy ( ! cl]gy 0 n[h]e m manife/ ?an 9 ! mona/ic ord]s1 t _h be5 orig9ally e/abli%$ = ! express purpose ( reviv+ & purify+ ! *ur*4 ,t anci5t ^w 0 fulfill$1 ,l p1 l prie/4 ,b x 0 especially 9 ! p]son ( ! =emo/ (ficial repres5tative ( ! religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/ t t religion 0 mo/ di%onor$4 ,! fifte5? c5tury 0 ! era ( ! infam\s popes4 ,by ano!r co9cid5ce :i* arre/s ! att5tion ( ! read] ( hi/ory1 t same ye> ( ! discov]y by ,columbus witness$ ! accession ( ! mo/ infam\s ( ! s]ies1 ! ,borgia1 ,alex&] ,,vi41 to 8 %ort & %ameful pontificate4 ,let x n be ?\ght1 z "s ( u might be prone to ?9k1 t ! timel9ess ( ! discov]y ( ! we/]n hemisph]e1 9 its relation to *ur* hi/ory1 is summ$ up 9 ?is1 t x co9cid$ ) ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation1 s t ! ,new ,_w might be plant$ ) a ,prote/ant ,*ri/ianity4 ,= a hundr$ ye>s ! colonization & evangelization ( ,am]ica 71 9 ! n>r[e/ s5se ( t l>ge ^w1 ,ca?olic1 n ,prote/ant4 ,b ! ,ca?olicism br\ght hi!r 0 t ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 n ( ! fifte5?4 ,x is a mo/ "o-sid$ read+ ( ! hi/ory ( t illu/ri\s age :i* fails to recognize t ! great ,re=mation 0 a re=mation ( ! *ur* z well z a re=mation f ! *ur*4 ,x 0 9 ,spa9 itself1 9 :i* ! corruption ( ! *ur* _h be5 f\le/1 b f :i* all symptoms ( h]etical pravity 7 purg$ away ) ! fi]ce/ zeal z fa/ z !y appe>$1--9 ,spa9 "u ! reign ( ,f]d9& & ,isabella ! ,ca?olic1--t ! dem& = a ,ca?olic re=mation made itself e>lie/ & mo/ effectually felt4 ,! highe/ ecclesia/ical dignit>y ( ! realm1 ,xim5es1 confessor to ! que51 ,ar*bi%op ( ,tol$o1 & c>d9al1 0 himself ! lead] ( re=m4 ,no *anges 9 ! re/ ( ,*ri/5dom 7 de/9$ = _m ye>s to h s great an influ5ce on ! c\rse ( evangelization 9 ,nor? ,am]ica z ^? :i* affect$ ! *ur* ( ,spa92 & ( ^! by f> ! mo/ important 9 _! be>+ on ! e>ly c\rse ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ,am]ica 71 fir/1 ! purify+ & quick5+ ( ! mis]ably decay$ & corrupt$ m5dicant ord]s1--ev] ! mo/ effective arm 9 ! mission>y s]vice ( ! ,lat9 ,*ur*1--&1 a little lat]1 ! f\nd+ ( ! ,society ( ,jesus1 ) its imm5se pot5cy = good & = evil4 ,at ! same "t ! c\rt ( ,rome1 sob]$ 9 "s measure1 by ! p]il\s crisis t confront$ x1 f its long orgy ( simony1 nepotism1 & s5suality1 began to f9d "t & ?\ght = spiritual duties4 ,! e/abli%m5t ( ! congregations or adm9i/rative bo>ds1 & especially ( ! ,congregatio de ,propag&a ,fide1 or bo>d ( missions1 dates *iefly f ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,! reviv$ int]e/ 9 !ological /udy incid5t to ! g5]al spiritual quick5+ gave ! *ur*1 z ! result ( ! labors ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 a well-def9$ body ( doctr9e1 :i* nev]!less 0 n s n>r[ly def9$ z to preclude diff]5ces & debates among ! div]se sects ( ! cl]gy1 by ^: competitions & antagonisms ! progress ( missions bo? 9 ,*ri/ian & 9 hea!n l&s 0 de/9$ to be s s]i\sly affect$4 ,an incid5t ( ! ,ca?olic ,re=mation ( ! sixte5? c5tury--inevitable incid5t1 d\btless1 9 t age1 b none ! less deplorable--0 ! eng5d]+ or int5sify+ ( t cruel & f]oci\s =m ( fanaticism :i* is def9$ z ! comb9ation ( religi\s emotion ) ! malignant passions4 ,! t5d5cy to fanaticism is "o ( ! p]ils att5dant on ! deep /irr+ ( religi\s feel+ at any "t2 x 0 especially att5dant on ! religi\s agitations ( t p]iod2 b mo/ ( all x 0 9 ,spa91 :]e1 ( all ! ,ca?olic nations1 corruption _h gone deepe/ & spiritual revival 0 mo/ e>ne/ & s9c]e1 t ! manife/ations ( fanaticism 7 mo/ %ock+4 ,f]d9& & ,isabella ! ,ca?olic 7 di/+ui%$ alike by _! piety & _! "p 9 ! promotion ( civilization1 & by ! horrors ( bloody cruelty p]petrat$ by _! au?ority & t ( ! *ur*1 at ! in/igation ( ! s9c]e & dev\t re=m] ,xim5es4 ,9 ! memorable ye> #adib 0 inaugurat$ ! fi]ce/ "w ( ! ,spani% ,inquisition1 conc]n+ :i*1 speak+ ( h] own "p 9 x1 ! pi\s ,isabella 0 able aft]w>d to say1 ,= ! love ( ,*ri/ & ( 8 virg9 "m ,i h caus$ great mis]y1 & h depopulat$ t[ns & di/ricts1 prov9ces & k+doms4 ,! e>li] pages ( ,am]ican *ur* hi/ory w n be intellig5tly read unless x is well und]/ood t ! ,*ri/ianity fir/ to be transplant$ to ! soil ( ! ,new ,_w 0 ! ,*ri/ianity ( ,spa9--! ,spa9 ( ,isabella & ,xim5es1 ( ,loyola & ,francis ,xavi] & ,/4 ,!resa1 ! ,spa9 also ( ,torquemada & ,/4 ,pet] ,arbues & ! zeal\s & or?odox ,duke ( ,alva4 ,,footnotes3 #b3a ,see ! acc\nt ( ! ,gre5l& *ur* & its missions 9 ,pr(essor ,o',gorman's ,hi/ory ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7vol4 ix4 ( ! ,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies71 pp4 #c-ab4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,spani% ,,conque/--,,! ,,propagation1 ,,decay1 ,,& ,,d[nfall ,,( ,,spani% ,,*ri/ianity4 ,x is a /rik+ fact t ! e>lie/ monum5ts ( colonial & ecclesia/ical antiquity )9 ! pres5t doma9 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 aft] ! e>ly ,spani% rema9s 9 ,florida1 are to be f\nd 9 ^? remotely int]ior & inaccessible highl&s ( ,new ,mexico1 :i* h only n[ begun to be rea*$ 9 ! we/w>d progress ( migration4 ,be=e ! beg9n+s ( p]man5t ,engli% colonization at ,plym\? & at ,jame/[n1 be=e ! ,fr5* beg9n+s on ! ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 be=e ! close ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 !re _h be5 laid by ,spani% soldi]s1 adv5tur]s1 & mission>ies1 9 ^? f> recesses ( ! cont95t1 ! f\ndations ( ,*ri/ian t[ns & *ur*es1 ! /ately walls & t[]s ( :i* /ill invite ! admiration ( ! travel]4 ,! fact is n m impressive ?an x is in/ructive4 ,x illu/rates ! prodigi\s impetuosity ( t tide ( conque/ :i* )9 s few ye>s f ! discov]y ( ! ,am]ican cont95ts n only swept ov] ! regions ( ,s\? & ,c5tral ,am]ica & ! great plateau ( ,mexico1 b actually occupi$ ) milit>y po/s1 ) ext5sive & successful missions1 & ) a colonization :i* seem$ to %[ e sign ( /ability & future expansion1 by f> ! great] "p ( ! pres5t doma9 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates exclusive ( ,alaska--an ecclesia/ico-milit>y empire /ret*+ its va/ diamet] f ! s\!rnmo/ cape ( ,florida across tw5ty-five p>allels ( latitude & =ty-five m]idians ( longitude to ! ,/rait ( ,juan de ,fuca4 ,! lessons taught by ?is amaz+ly swift ext5sion ( ! empire & ! *ur*1 & its arre/ & almo/ ext9ction1 are legible on ! surface ( ! hi/ory4 ,x is a /range1 b n unp>allel$1 /ory ( attempt$ cooep]ation 9 ! common s]vice ( ,god & ,mammon & ,molo*--( endeavors aft] concord betwe5 ,*ri/ & ,belial4 ,!re is no reason to "q ! s9c]ity ) :i* ! rul]s ( ,spa9 believ$ !mselves to be actuat$ by ! highe/ motives ( ,*ri/ian *>ity 9 _! t]rible & fatal ,am]ican policy4 ,! conv]sion ( ! ,indians is ! pr9cipal f\ndation ( ! conque/--t :i* ought pr9cipally to be att5d$ to4 ,s wrote ! k+ 9 a correspond5ce 9 :i* a mo/ cold-blood$ au?orization is giv5 = ! enslav+ ( ! ,indians4#g3a ,aft] ! v fir/ voyage ( ,columbus e exp$ition ( discov]y or invasion 0 equipp$ ) its cont+5t ( cl]gy--secul> prie/s z *apla9s to ! ,spani>ds1 & fri>s ( ! regul> ord]s = mission "w among ! ,indians--at co/ ( ! royal treasury or z a *>ge ^u ! new conque/s4 ,?is subsidiz+ ( ! *ur* 0 ! lea/ s]i\s ( ! injuries inflict$ on ! cause ( ! gospel by ! piety ( ! ,spani% gov]nm5t4 ,t su* subsidiz+ is 9 ! long run an injury is a lesson illu/rat$ n only 9 ?is case1 b 9 _m p>allel cases 9 ! c\rse ( ?is hi/ory4 ,a f> m dreadful wrong 0 ! id5tify+ ( ! religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ) a sy/em ( w> & slav]y1 well-nigh ! mo/ atroci\s 9 record$ hi/ory4 ,= su* a policy ! ,spani% nation _h j receiv$ a peculi> tra9+4 ,x is "o ( ! commonplaces ( hi/ory to rem>k t ! b>b>ian invad]s ( ! ,roman empire 7 !mselves vanqui%$ by _! own victims1 be+ conv]t$ by !m to ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,9 l mann] ! ,spani% nation1 triumph+ ov] its ,moslem subjects 9 ! expulsion ( ! ,moors1 seem$ 9 its ,am]ican conque/s to h be5 conv]t$ to ! wor/ ( ! t5ets ( ,islam4 ,! propagation ( ! gospel 9 ! we/]n hemisph]e1 "u ! ,spani% rule1 illu/rat$ 9 its public & (ficial aspects f> m ! pr9ciples ( ,mohamm$ ?an ^? ( ,jesus4 ,! triple alt]native (f]$ by ! ,s>ac5 or ! ,turk--conv]sion or tribute or ! sword--0 r5ew$ ) aggravations by ! ,*ri/ian conqu]ors ( ,am]ica4 ,9 a =m delib]ately drawn up & prescrib$ by ! civil & ecclesia/ical c\nselors at ,madrid1 ! invad] ( a new prov9ce 0 to summon ! rul]s & p to ackn[l$ge ! *ur* & ! pope & ! k+ ( ,spa92 & 9 case ( refusal or delay to comply ) ?is summons1 ! invad] 0 to notify !m ( ! consequ5ces 9 ^! t]ms3 ,if y refuse1 by ! help ( ,god we %all ent] ) =ce into y\r l&1 & %all make w> aga9/ y 9 all ways & mann]s t we c1 & subject y to ! yoke & ob$i5ce ( ! *ur* & ( _! ,highnesses2 we %all take y & y\r wives & y\r *ildr5 & make slaves ( !m1 & sell & dispose ( !m z _! ,highnesses may comm&2 & we %all take away y\r goods1 & d y all ! mis*ief & damage t we c1 z to vassals :o d n obey & refuse to receive _! "l2 & we prote/ t ! dea?s & losses t %all accrue f ?is are y\r own fault4#h3a ,:ile ! *ur* 0 ?us implicat$ 9 crimes aga9/ humanity :i* hi/ory %udd]s to record1 x is a grateful duty to rememb] t x 0 f ! *ur* also & 9 ! "n ( ,*ri/ t bold prote/s & /r5u\s ef=ts 7 put =? 9 behalf ( ! oppress$ & wrong$4 ,su* names z ,las ,casas & ,montes9os %9e ) a beautiful lu/] 9 ! d>kness ( t age2 & ! ,dom9ican ord]1 id5tifi$ on ! o!r side ( ! sea ) ! fi]ce/ cruelties ( ! ,spani% ,inquisition1 is honorable 9 ,am]ican *ur* hi/ory = its fe>less *ampion%ip ( lib]ty & ju/ice4 ,! fir/ entrance ( ,spani% ,*ri/ianity ^u ! soil ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 :olly *>act]i/ic4 ,9 que/ ( ! ,f\nta9 ( ,y\?1 ,ponce de ,leon sail$ = ! coa/ ( ,florida equipp$ ) =ces bo? = ! c>nal & = ! spiritual w>f>e4 ,besides 8 coloni/s & 8 m5-at-arms1 he br\ght 8 secul> prie/s z *apla9s & 8 monks z mission>ies2 & 8 in/ructions f ! cr[n requir$ him to summon ! natives1 z 9 ! fam\s ,requ]imi5to1 to submit !mselves to ! ,ca?olic fai? & to ! k+ ( ,spa91 "u ?reat ( ! sword & slav]y4 ,! invad]s f\nd a diff]5t temp] 9 ! natives f :at 0 enc\nt]$ 9 ,mexico & ,p]u1 :]e ! populations 7 mis]ably subjugat$1 or 9 ! isl&s1 :]e !y 7 fir/ enslav$ & pres5tly completely ext]m9at$4 ,! insol5t invasion 0 met1 z x des]v$1 by effective volleys ( arr[s1 & its *ivalr\s lead] 0 driv5 back to ,cuba1 to die !re ( 8 w\nds4 ,x is ne$less to rec\nt ! successive failures ( ,spani% civilization & ,*ri/ianity to get foo?old on ! doma9 n[ includ$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,n until m ?an =ty ye>s aft] ! attempt ( ,ponce de ,leon did ! exp$ition ( ! f]oci\s ,m55dez effect a p]man5t e/abli%m5t on ! coa/ ( ,florida4 ,9 ,septemb]1 #aefe1 ! f\ndations ( ! olde/ city 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 7 laid ) solemn religi\s rites by ! toil ( ! fir/ negro slaves2 & ! ev5t 0 signaliz$ by "o ( ! mo/ horrible massacres 9 record$ hi/ory1 ! cold-blood$ & p]fidi\s ext]m9ation1 almo/ to ! la/ man1 woman1 & *ild1 ( a colony ( ,fr5* ,prote/ants t _h be5 plant$ a few mon?s be=e at ! m\? ( ! ,/4 ,john's ,riv]4 ,! colony ?us inaugurat$ seem$ to give e promise ( p]man5t success z a c5t] ( religi\s influ5ce4 ,! spiritual "w 0 naturally & wisely divid$ into ! pa/oral c>e ( ! ,spani% g>risons & settlem5ts1 :i* 0 tak5 9 *>ge by secul> prie/s1 & ! mission "w among ! ,indians1 committ$ to fri>s ( ^? regul> ord]s ^: solid organization & indep5d5ce ( ! episcopal hi]>*y1 & ^: ke5 emulation 9 ent]prises ( self-d5ial1 toil1 & p]il1 h be5 s l>ge an elem5t ( /r5g?1 & sometimes ( weakness1 9 ! ,roman sy/em4 ,9 turn1 ! mission field ( ! ,floridas 0 occupi$ by ! ,dom9icans1 ! ,jesuits1 & ! ,franciscans4 ,be=e ! end ( sev5ty ye>s f ! f\nd+ ( ,/4 ,augu/9e ! numb] ( ,*ri/ian ,indians 0 reckon$ at tw5ty-five or ?irty ?\s&1 di/ribut$ among =ty-f\r missions1 "u ! direction ( ?irty-five ,franciscan mission>ies1 :ile ! city ( ,/4 ,augu/9e 0 fully equipp$ ) religi\s in/itutions & organizations4 ,grave compla9ts are on record1 :i* indicate t ! great numb] ( ! ,indian conv]ts 0 out ( all proportion to _! meag] advancem5t 9 ,*ri/ian grace & k2 b ) ^! indications ( %ortcom+ 9 ! mission>ies !re are honorable pro(s ( dilig5t devotion to duty 9 ! creat+ ( a lit]ature ( in/ruction 9 ! b>b>\s languages ( ! p59sula4 ,= "o hundr$ & fifte5 ye>s ,spa9 & ! ,spani% mission>ies _h exclusive possession 9 ,florida1 & x 0 dur+ ?is p]iod t ^! impos+ results 7 a*iev$4 ,9 #afhj a settlem5t ( ,scot* ,presbyt]ians at ,port ,royal 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a seem$ l a m5ace to ! ,spani% dom9ation4 ,x 0 :olly *>act]i/ic ( ! ,spani% colony to seize ! sword at once & de/roy its ne>e/ ,*ri/ian neighbor4 ,x took ! sword1 & p]i%$ by ! sword4 ,! w> ( races & sects ?us inaugurat$ w5t on1 ) int]vals ( quiet1 until ! ,treaty ( ,p>is1 9 #agfc1 transf]r$ ,florida to ! ,briti% cr[n4 ,no long] su/a9$ by ! t]ror ( ! ,spani% arms & by subsidies f ! ,spani% treasury1 ! :ole fabric ( ,spani% civilization & ,*ri/ianization1 at ! end ( a hi/ory ( almo/ two c5turies1 tumbl$ at once to complete ru9 & ext9ction4 ,! /ory ( ! plant+ ( ,*ri/ian in/itutions 9 ,new ,mexico runs p>allel ) ! e>ly hi/ory ( ,florida4 ,omitt+ f ?is brief summ>y ! fir/ discov]y ( ^! regions by fugitives f "o ( ! disa/r\s e>ly attempts to effect a settlem5t on ! ,florida coa/1 omitt+ 7:at we w\ld fa9 n>rate7 ! /ories ( h]oic adv5ture & apo/olic zeal & m>tyrdom :i* ant$ate ! p]man5t occupation ( ! c\ntry1 we note ! arrival1 9 #aeih1 ( a /rong1 num]\s1 & spl5didly equipp$ colony1 & ! f\nd+ ( a ,*ri/ian city 9 ! he>t ( ! ,am]ican cont95t4 ,z usual 9 su* ,spani% ent]prises1 ! mission>y "w 0 und]tak5 by a body ( ,franciscan fri>s4 ,aft] ! fir/ mon?s ( h>d%ip & disc\ragem5t1 ! "w ( ! ,*ri/ian colony1 & especially ! "w ( evangelization among ! ,indians1 w5t =w>d at a m>vel\s rate4 ,re9=cem5ts bo? ( prie/s & ( soldi]s 7 receiv$ f ,mexico2 by ! end ( t5 ye>s baptisms 7 report$ to ! numb] ( eight ?\s&2 ! entire population ( ! prov9ce 0 reckon$ z be+ )9 ! pale ( ! *ur*2 n less ?an sixty ,franciscan fri>s at once 7 engag$ 9 ! d\ble s]vice ( pa/ors & mission>ies4 ,! triumph ( ! gospel & ( ,spani% arms seem$ complete & p]man5t4 ,f\rscore ye>s aft] ! f\nd+ ( ! colony & mission ! sudd5 explosion ( a conspiracy1 :i* = a long "t _h be5 secretly prep>+1 reveal$ ! true value ( ! allegiance ( ! ,indians to ! ,spani% gov]nm5t & ( _! conv]sion to ,*ri/4 ,conf\nd+ 9 a common hatr$ ! mission>ies & ! tyrann\s conqu]ors1 :o _h be5 associat$ 9 a common policy1 ! ,*ri/ian ,indians turn$ ^u _! rul]s & _! pa/ors alike ) undiscrim9at+ w>f>e4 ,9 a few weeks no ,spani>d 0 9 ,new ,mexico nor? ( ,el ,paso4 ,*ri/ianity & civilization 7 swept away at "o bl[4 ,! successful rebels bett]$ ! in/ruction t !y _h receiv$ f _! reject$ pa/ors4 ,! measures ( compulsion t _h be5 us$ to /amp out e ve/ige ( ! old religion 7 put into use aga9/ ! new4 ,! cause ( ,ca?olic ,*ri/ianity 9 ,new ,mexico nev] recov]$ f ?is /unn+ bl[4 ,aft] tw5ty ye>s ! ,spani% p[]1 tak+ advantage ( ! an>*y & depopulation ( ! prov9ce1 _h reoccupi$ its =m] po/s by milit>y =ce1 ! mission>ies 7 br\ght back "u arm$ protection1 ! practice ( ! anci5t religion 0 suppress$ by ! /rong h&1 & ef=ts1 too (t5 unsuccessful1 7 made to w9 back ! apo/ate tribes to some?+ m ?an a sull5 submission to ! gov]nm5t & ! religion ( _! conqu]ors4 ,! lat] hi/ory ( ,spani% ,*ri/ianity 9 ,new ,mexico is a hi/ory ( decl9e & decay1 enliv5$ by ! usual cont5tions betwe5 ! regul> cl]gy & ! episcopal gov]nm5t4 ,! :ite population increas$1 ! ,indian population dw9dl$4 ,religion z set =? by an exotic cl]gy became an object ( indiff]5ce :5 x 0 n an object ( hatr$4 ,9 #ahde ! ,bi%op ( ,durango1 visit+ ! prov9ce1 f\nd an ,indian population ( tw5ty ?\s& 9 a total ( eighty ?\s&4 ,! cl]gy numb]$ only sev5te5 prie/s4 ,?ree ye>s lat] ! prov9ce became "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,to complete ! /ory ( ! plant+ ( ,spani% ,*ri/ianity )9 ! pres5t b\nd>ies ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 x is necess>y to dep>t f ! m]ely *ronological ord] ( ,am]ican *ur* hi/ory2 =1 al?\gh ! imm5se adv5tur\sness ( ,spani% explor]s by sea & l& _h1 e>ly 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 made kn[n to ,*ri/5dom ! coa/s & h>bors ( ! ,cali=nias1 ! beg9n+s ( settlem5t & missions on t ,pacific coa/ date f s late z #agfi4 ,at ?is p]iod ! me?od ( su* "w _h become settl$ into a sy/em4 ,! organization 0 ?reefold1 includ+ 7#a7 ! g>rison t[n1 7#b7 ! ,spani% settlem5t1 & 7#c7 ! mission1 at :i* ! ,indian neophytes 7 ga!r$ "u ! tutelage & /rict gov]nm5t ( ! conv5t ( ,franciscan fri>s4 ,! :ole sy/em 0 su/a9$ by ! au?ority & ! lavi% subv5tions ( ! ,spani% gov]nm5t1 & h]e9 lay its /r5g? &1 z ! ev5t spe$ily prov$1 its fatal weakness4 ,! in]t & feeble "* ( ! ,indians ( t region (f]$ little excuse = ! atroci\s cruelties t _h else:]e m>k$ ! ,spani% occupation2 b ! pat]nal k9dness ( ! /rong] race 0 h>dly less hurtful4 ,! natives 7 easily p]suad$ to become by ?\s&s ! dep5d5ts & s]vants ( ! missions4 ,conv]sion w5t on apace4 ,at ! end ( sixty-five ye>s f ! f\nd+ ( ! missions _! tw5ty-"o /ations numb]$ a ,*ri/ian native population ( m ?an ?irty ?\s&1 & 7 possess$ ( magnific5t weal?1 agricultural & comm]cial4 ,9 t v ye> 7#ahcd7 ! long-int5d$ purpose ( ! gov]nm5t to release ! ,indians f _! almo/ slav]y "u ! missions1 & to di/ribute ! va/ prop]ty 9 sev]alty1 0 put 9 =ce4 ,9 eight ye>s ! m ?an ?irty ?\s& ,ca?olic ,indians _h dw9dl$ to less ?an five ?\s&2 ! enorm\s e/ates ( ! missions 7 dissipat$2 ! conv]ts laps$ into savag]y & paganism4 ,mean:ile ! ,spani% population _h gone on sl[ly increas+4 ,9 ! ye> #ahdj1 sev5ty ye>s f ! ,spani% occupancy1 x _h ris5 to ne>ly six ?\s&2 b x 0 a population ! spiritual "* ( :i* gave little occasion ( boa/+ to ! ,spani% *ur*4 ,t>dy & feeble ef=ts _h be5 in/itut$ to provide x ) an organiz$ p>i% m9i/ry1 :5 ! supreme & exclusive control ( t c\ntry ceas$ f ! h&s t s long _h held x4 ,! v9ey>d 0 tak5 away1 & giv5 to o!r husb&m54 ,9 ! ye> #ahdh ,cali=nia 0 annex$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is cond5s$ /ory ( ,spani% ,*ri/ianity )9 ! pres5t b\nd>ies ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is absurdly brief comp>$ ) ! va/ ext5t ( space1 ! ?ree c5turies ( "t1 & :at seem$ at "o "t ! gr&eur ( results involv$ 9 x4 ,b 9 tru? x has /rangely little connection ) ! extant ,*ri/ianity ( our c\ntry4 ,x is almo/ z completely sev]$ f hi/orical relation ) ! *ur* ( ! pres5t day z ! missions ( ! ,gre5l&]s 9 ! c5turies be=e ,columbus4 ,if we di/+ui% ju/ly betwe5 ! ,*ri/ian "w & its un*ri/ian & almo/ satanic admixtures1 we c jo9 )\t res]ve bo? 9 ! eulogy & 9 ! lam5t ) :i* ! ,ca?olic hi/orian sums up 8 review3 ,x 0 a glori\s "w1 & ! recital ( x impresses u by ! va/ness & success ( ! toil4 ,yet1 z we look ar\nd to-day1 we c f9d no?+ ( x t rema9s4 ,names ( sa9ts 9 melodi\s ,spani% /& out f maps 9 all t section :]e ! ,spani% monk trod1 toil$1 & di$4 ,a few ?\s& ,*ri/ian ,indians1 desc5dants ( ^? !y conv]t$ & civiliz$1 /ill survive 9 ,new ,mexico & ,arizona1 & t is all4#ae3a ,,footnotes3 #g3a ,helps1 ,spani% ,conque/ 9 ,am]ica1 vol4 i41 p4 #bcd1 ,am]ican edition4 #h3a ,helps1 ,spani% ,conque/ 9 ,am]ica1 vol4 i41 p4 #bce2 also p4 #cee1 :]e ! grotesquely horrible docum5t is giv5 9 full4 ,9 ! practical prosecution ( ?is s*eme ( evangelization1 x 0 f\nd necess>y to ! due tra9+ ( ! ,indians 9 ! holy fai? t !y %\ld be enslav$1 :e!r or no4 ,x 0 on ?is religi\s consid]ation1 cle>ly laid d[n 9 a report ( ! k+'s *apla9s1 t ! atroci\s sy/em ( encomi5das 0 f\nd$4 #ae3a ,! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 by ,pr(essor ,?omas ,o',gorman 7vol4 ix41 ,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies71 p4 #aab4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,project ,,( ,,fr5* ,,empire ,,& ,,evangelization--,,its ,,wide ,,& ,,rapid ,,success--,,its ,,sudd5 ,,ext9ction4 ,= a full c5tury1 f ! discov]y ( ! ,new ,_w until ! fir/ effective ef=t at occupation by any o!r ,european p1 ! ,spani% *ur* & nation _h held exclusive occupancy ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican cont95t4 ,! ,spani% ent]prises ( conque/ & colonization _h be5 c>ri$ =w>d ) enorm\s & unscrupul\s en]gy1 & alongside ( !m & involv$ ) !m _h be5 borne ! ,spani% *apla9cies & missions1 su/a9$ f ! same treasury1 9 "s honorable in/ances bravely prote/+ aga9/ ! atrocities !y 7 compell$ to witness1 9 o!r in/ances implicat$ 9 !m & %>+ ! bloody pr(its ( !m4 ,b1 unque/ionable z 0 ! m>tial pr[ess ( ! ,spani% soldi] & adv5tur]1 & ! fe>less devotion ( ! ,spani% mission>y1 !re appe>s no?+ l sy/ematic plann+ 9 all ^! imm5se op]ations4 ,! tide ( conque/ fl[$ 9 caprici\s c\rses1 accord+ z x 0 invit$ by hopes ( gold or ( a passage to ,*9a1 or ( "s phantom ( a ,f\nta9 ( ,y\? or a city ( ,quivira or a ,gild$ ,man2 & x seem$ 9 g5]al to ! mission>y t he c\ld n d else ?an foll[ 9 ! c\rse ( conque/4 ,x is :olly *>act]i/ic ( ! ,fr5* p t its ent]+ at la/ ^u ent]prises ( colonization & missions %\ld be ) l>ge =eca/+ ( ! future & ) ! me?ods ( a gr& /rategy4 ,we c easily believe t ! fam\s ,bull ( ,p>tition ( ,pope ,alex&] ,,vi4 0 n "o ( ! h9drances t s long delay$ ! beg9n+s ( a ,new ,france 9 ! ,we/4 ,incessant dyna/ic w>s ) ne> neighbors1 ! f9al ?roes ( ! long /ruggle betwe5 ! cr[n & ! great vassals1 & f9ally ! religi\s w>s t culm9at$ 9 ! awful slaught] ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew's1 & end$ at ! close ( ! c5tury ) ! politic conv]sion & ! coronation ( ,h5ry ,,iv4--^! 7 among ! causes t _h held back ! great nation f di/ant und]tak+s4 ,b ?\ghts ( great ?+s to be a*iev$ 9 ! ,new ,_w _h nev] = long at a "t be5 abs5t f ! m9ds ( ,fr5*m54 ,! annual visits ( ! ,breton fi%+-fleets to ! banks ( ,newf\ndl& kept 9 m9d su* rights ( discov]y z 7 alleg$ by ,france1 & kept att5tion fix$ 9 ! direction ( ! great gulf & riv] ( ,/4 ,lawr5ce4 ,long be=e ! middle ( ! sixte5? c5tury ,jacques ,c>ti] _h explor$ ! ,/4 ,lawr5ce beyond ! comm&+ position :i* he nam$ ,montreal1 & a royal commission _h issu$1 "u :i* he 0 to und]take an ent]prise ( discov]y1 settlem5t1 & ! conv]sion ( ! ,indians4 ,b x 0 n till ! ye> #afjh t ! fir/ p]man5t ,fr5* settlem5t 0 effect$4 ,) ! c\p d'oeil ( a g5]al or ! =esight ( a prophet1 ,*ampla91 ! illu/ri\s fir/ f\nd] ( ,fr5* empire 9 ,am]ica1 9 #afjh fix$ ! />t+-po9t ( x at ! natural =tress ( ,quebec4 ,h[ e>ly ! great project _h begun to take %ape 9 ! lead+ m9ds ( ! nation x may n be easy to det]m9e4 ,x 0 only aft] ! adv5tur\s explorations ( ! ,fr5* pione]s1 trad]s1 & fri>s--m5 ( l b\ndless en?usiasm & c\rage--_h be5 cr[n$ by ! a*ievem5t ( ,la ,salle1 :o fir/ ( m5 trav]s$ ! two great wat]ways ( ! cont95t f ! ,gulf ( ,/4 ,lawr5ce to ! ,gulf ( ,mexico1 t ! amaz+ possibilities ( x 7 fully reveal$4 ,b1 :osesoev] s*eme x 01 a m magnific5t project ( empire1 secul> & spiritual1 has nev] ent]$ into ! he>t ( man4 ,x seems to h be5 native to ! ,am]ican soil1 spr++ up 9 ! he>ts ( ! ,fr5* pione] explor]s !mselves2#ah3a b by its gr&eur1 & at ! same "t its unity1 x 0 ( a sort to delight ! s\ls ( ,sully & ,ri*elieu & ( _! ma/]s4 ,"u ?9 & dubi\s claims by "r ( discov]y1 ?r\gh ! imm5se en]gy & d>+ ( h] explor]s1 ! h]oic zeal ( h] mission>ies1 & n s mu* by ! pr[ess ( h] soldi]s z by h] craft 9 diplomacy ) savage tribes1 ,france 0 to ass]t & make good h] title to ! bas9 ( ! ,/4 ,lawr5ce & ! lakes1 & ! bas9 ( ! ,mississippi & ! ,gulf ( ,mexico4 ,f ! m\? ( ! ,/4 ,lawr5ce to ! m\? ( ! ,mississippi1 ?r\gh ! core ( ! cont95t1 0 to be drawn a cordon ( po/s1 milit>y1 comm]cial1 & religi\s1 ) o!r outly+ /ations at /rategic po9ts bo? ea/w>d & we/w>d4 ,! only ext]nal int]f]5ce ) ?is s*eme t c\ld be appreh5d$ at its inception 0 f ! ,spani% colonies1 already decay+ & %r9k+ )9 _! b\nd>ies to ! we/ & to ! s\!a/1 & f a puny little ,engli% settlem5t />t$ only a ye> be=e1 ) a d\btful hold on life1 on ! bank ( ! ,james ,riv]4 ,a doz5 ye>s lat] a pitiably feeble company ( ,pilgrims %all make _! l&+ at ,plym\? to try ! n hopeful exp]im5t ( liv+ 9 ! wild]ness1 & a settlem5t ( ,sw$es 9 ,delaw>e & ( ,holl&]s on ! ,hudson %all be add$ to ! incongru\s1 unconc]t$1 mutually jeal\s plantations t beg9 to take root along ! ,atlantic seabo>d4 ,n only gr&eur & sagacity ( conception1 b success 9 a*ievem5t1 is illu/rat$ by ! comp>ative area occupi$ by ! ?ree great ,european p[]s on ! cont95t ( ,nor? ,am]ica at ! end ( a c5tury & a half f ! f\nd+ ( ,quebec 9 #afjh4 ,divid+ ! cont95t into tw5ty-five equal p>ts1 ! ,fr5* claim$ & seem$ to hold firmly 9 possession tw5ty p>ts1 ! ,spani% f\r p>ts1 & ! ,engli% "o "p4#ai3a ,! comp>ison betwe5 ! ,spani% & ! ,fr5* me?ods ( colonization & missions 9 ,am]ica is at almo/ e po9t honorable to ! ,fr5*4 ,in/ead ( a gre$y scramble aft] o!r m5's prop]ty 9 gold & silv]1 ! bus9ess basis ( ! ,fr5* ent]prises 0 to consi/ 9 a widely organiz$ & labori\sly prosecut$ traffic 9 furs4 ,in/ead ( a s]ies ( desultory & savage campaigns ( conque/1 ! f]ocity ( :i* 0 aggravat$ by ! %[ ( zeal = ! k+dom ( righte\sness & peace1 0 a l>ge-m9d$ & f>-sight$ s*eme ( empire1 "u :i* remote & ho/ile tribes 7 to be comb9$ by ties ( mutual int]e/ & common advantage4 ,& ! missions1 in/ead ( foll[+ s]vilely 9 ! track ( bloody conque/ to assume ! tutelage ( subjugat$ & enslav$ races1 7 to %>e ) ! soldi] & ! trad] ! p]il\s adv5tures ( exploration1 & n s mu* to be support$ & def5d$ z to be !mselves ! support & protection ( ! settlem5ts1 ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ,*ri/ian love & self-sacrifice ov] ! savage he>t4 ,su* elem5ts ( moral dignity1 z well z ( imp]ial gr&eur1 m>k$ ! plans = ! ,fr5* occupation ( ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,to a wond]ful ext5t ^? *>g$ ) ?is ent]prise 7 wor?y ( ! task4 ,among ! milit>y & civil lead]s ( x1 f ,*ampla9 to ,montcalm1 7 m5 t w\ld h honor$ ! be/ days ( ,fr5* *ivalry4 ,! en]gy & d>+ ( ! ,fr5* explor]s1 :e!r trad]s or mission>ies1 h n be5 equal$ 9 ! pione] "w ( o!r races4 ,& ! annals ( ,*ri/ian m>tyrdom may be se>*$ 9 va9 = m h]oic examples ( devotion to ! "w ( ! gospel ?an ^? :i* adorn ! hi/ory ( ! ,fr5* missions 9 ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,:at magnific5t results might n be expect$ f su* an ent]prise1 9 ! h&s ( su* m51 su/a9$ by ! res\rces ( ! mo/ p[]ful nation & national *ur* 9 ,*ri/5dom6 ,f ! f\nd+ ( ,quebec1 9 #afjh1 ! expansion ( ! ,fr5* ent]prise 0 swift & va/4 ,by ! end ( fifty ye>s ,quebec _h be5 equipp$ ) hospital1 nunn]y1 sem9>y = ! education ( prie/s1 all afflu5tly end[$ f ! weal? ( zeal\s c\rti]s1 & s]v$ 9 a noble _s ( self-devotion by ! *oice/ m5 & wom5 t ! ,fr5* *ur* c\ld furni%2 besides ^! in/itutions1 ! admirable plan ( a tra9+ colony1 at :i* conv]t$ ,indians %\ld be tra9$ to civiliz$ life1 0 realiz$ at ,sill]y1 9 ! neighborhood4 ,! sacr$ city ( ,montreal _h be5 e/abli%$ z a base = missions to ! remot] we/4 ,long 9 advance ( ! settlem5t at ,plym\?1 ,fr5* ,*ri/ianity 0 actively & b5efic5tly busy among ! savages ( ea/]n ,ma9e1 among ! s-call$ neutral nations by ! ,niag>a1 among ! fi]cely ho/ile ,iroquois ( nor!rn ,new ,york1 by ,lake ,huron & ,lake ,nipiss+1 &1 ) wond]ful tok5s ( success1 by ! ,falls ( ,/4 ,m>y4 ,?us did ! religi\s zeal ( ! ,fr5* be> ! cross to ! banks ( ! ,/4 ,m>y & ! conf9es ( ,lake ,sup]ior1 & look wi/fully t[>d ! homes ( ! ,si\x 9 ! valley ( ! ,mississippi1 five ye>s be=e ! ,new ,engl& ,eliot _h address$ ! tribe ( ,indians t dwelt )9 six miles ( ,bo/on h>bor4#ba3a ,?irty ye>s m pass$1 br++ ! /ory d[n to ! memorable ye> #afhh4 ,! ,fr5* po/s1 milit>y1 comm]cial1 & religi\s1 _h be5 pu%$ we/w>d to ! head ( ,lake ,sup]ior4 ,! ,mississippi _h be5 discov]$ & explor$1 & ! colonies plant$ f ,canada along its banks & ! banks ( its tribut>ies _h be5 met by ! exp$itions proce$+ direct f ,france ?r\gh ! ,gulf ( ,mexico4 ,! claims ( ,france 9 ,am]ica includ$ n only ! va/ doma9 ( ,canada1 b a half ( ,ma9e1 a half ( ,v]mont1 m ?an a half ( ,new ,york1 ! entire valley ( ! ,mississippi1 & ,texas z f> z ! ,rio ,bravo del ,norte4#ba3b ,& ^! claims 7 ass]t$ by actual & almo/ undisput$ occupancy4 ,! sev5ty ye>s t foll[$ 7 ye>s ( /orm & /ress = ! ,fr5* colonies & missions4 ,! wid5+ areas occupi$ by ! ,fr5* & by ! ,engli% settl]s br\ght ! rival e/abli%m5ts into ne>] neighborhood1 into %>p] competition1 & into bloody collision4 ,successive ,european w>s--,k+ ,william's ,w>1 ,que5 ,anne's ,w> 7( ! ,spani% succession71 ,k+ ,george's ,w> 7( ! ,au/rian succession7--involv$ ! dep5d5cies ( ,france & ^? ( ,engl& 9 ! conflicts ( _! sov]eigns4 ,^! 7 ! ye>s ( t]ror along ! expos$ nor!rn fronti] ( ,engli% settlem5ts 9 ,new ,engl& & ,new ,york1 :5 massacre & burn+ by b&s ( savages1 "u ,fr5* in/igation & lead]%ip1 made ! names ( ,hav]hill & ,de]field & ,s*5ectady memorable 9 ,am]ican hi/ory1 & :51 9 desp]ate campaigns aga9/ ! ,canadian /rongholds1 ! coloni/s va9ly s\ght to protect !mselves f ! savages by attack+ ! c5t]s f :i* ! murd]\s =ays 7 direct$4 ,b ea* successive treaty ( peace betwe5 ,engl& & ,france confirm$ & reconfirm$ ! ,fr5* claims to ! ma9 "p ( h] ,am]ican doma94 ,! advances ( ,fr5* missions & settlem5ts cont9u$ s\?w>d & we/w>d1 9 spite ( jeal\sy 9 ,european cab9ets z ! impos+ magnitude ( ! plans ( ,fr5* empire became m di/9ctly disclos$1 & 9 spite ( ! /ruggles ( ! ,engli% colonies bo? ,nor? & ,s\?4 ,:51 on ! #d? ( ,july1 #aged1 ,colonel ,george ,wa%+ton surr5d]$ ,=t ,necessity1 ne> ! =k ( ! ,ohio1 to ! ,fr5*1 9 ! :ole valley ( ! ,mississippi1 to its headspr+s 9 ! ,alleghanies1 no /&>d float$ b t ( ,france4#bb3a ,!re seem$ little reason to d\bt t ! ,fr5* empire 9 ,am]ica1 :i* = a c5tury & a half _h gone on exp&+ & /r5g!n+1 w\ld cont9ue to exp& & /r5g!n = c5turies to come4 ,sudd5 z lightn+1 9 ,augu/1 #agef1 ! ,sev5 ,ye>s' ,w> broke out on ! o!r side ( ! globe4 ,! treaty ) :i* x end$1 9 ,febru>y1 #agfc1 transf]r$ to ,great ,brita91 toge!r ) ! ,spani% t]ritory ( ,florida1 all ! ,fr5* possessions 9 ,am]ica1 f ! ,arctic ,ocean to ! ,gulf ( ,mexico4 ,z a dream :5 "o awake?1 ! magnific5t vision ( empire1 spiritual & secul>1 :i* = s _m g5]ations _h occupi$ ! imag9ation ( ,fr5* /atesm5 & *ur*m51 0 rudely & =ev] dispell$4 ,( ! pr9cely weal?1 ! brilliant tal5ts1 ! unsurpass$ audacity ( adv5ture1 ! unequal$ h]oism ( toil & m>tyrdom exp5d$ on ! great project1 h[ /rangely meag] & evanesc5t ! results6 ,9 ! di/ricts ( ,l[] ,canada !re rema91 inde$1 ! in/itutions ( a ,fr5* ,ca?olic population2 & ! aspect ( ^? di/ricts1 9 :i* ! pl$ge ( full lib]ty to ! dom9ant *ur* has be5 scrupul\sly fulfill$ by ! ,briti% gov]nm5t1 may reasonably be reg>d$ z an indication ( :at ,france w\ld h done = ! cont95t 9 g5]al4 ,b )9 ! pres5t doma9 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! entire results ( a c5tury & a half ( ,fr5* ,ca?olic colonization & evangelization may be summ$ up z foll[s3 ,9 ,ma9e1 a ?\s& ,ca?olic ,indians /ill rema91 to rem9d "o ( ! "t :51 z x is boldly claim$1 ! :ole ,indian population ( t prov9ce 7 ei!r conv]t$ or "u ,jesuit tra9+4#bc3a ,9 l mann]1 a scanty score ( ?\s&s ( ,ca?olic ,indians on v>i\s res]vations 9 ! remote ,we/ repres5t ! "t :51 at ! end ( ! ,fr5* dom9ation1 all ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians 7 m or less ext5sively conv]t$ to ,ca?olic ,*ri/ianity1 all _h ! gospel prea*$ to !m4#bc3b ,! spl5did fruits ( ! missions among ! ,iroquois1 f soil wat]$ by ! blood ( m>tyrs1 7 wa/$ to no?+ 9 savage int]tribal w>s4 ,among ! ,*octaws & ,*ickasaws ( ! ,s\? & ,s\?we/1 among :om ! gospel 0 by & by to w9 "s ( its faire/ trophies1 ! ,fr5* mission>ies a*iev$ no great success4#bc3c ,! ,fr5* colonies f ,canada1 plant$ s prosp]\sly along ! ,we/]n riv]s1 disp]s$1 leav+ beh9d !m "s /raggl+ families4 ,! abundant lat] gr[? ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 t region 0 to be f o!r se$ & /ock4 ,! region ( ,l\isiana alone1 de/9$ a g5]ation lat] to be includ$ )9 ! b\nd>ies ( ! great republic1 reta9$ organiz$ communities ( ,fr5* desc5t & language2 b1 liv+ z !y 7 9 utt] unbelief & contempt ( religion & morality1 x w\ld be an unju/ reproa* on ,ca?olicism to call !m ,ca?olic4 ,! "w ( ! gospel _h got to be begun f ! f\ndation4 ,nev]!less x is n to be d\bt$ t remote memories or l+]+ traditions ( a bett] age surviv$ to aid ! "w ( ^? :o by & by %\ld ent] 9 to rebuild ! wa/e places4#bd3a ,!re are n a few ( u1 wise aft] ! ev5t1 :o recognize a f9al cause ( ?is surpris+ & almo/ dramatic failure1 9 ! manife/ int5t ( div9e ,provid5ce t ! field ( ! next great empire 9 ! _w's hi/ory %\ld n become ! exclusive doma9 ( an old-_w mon>*y & hi]>*y2 b ! imm$iate effici5t causes ( x are n s obvi\s4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 may ju/ly be said3 "s ( ! seem+ elem5ts ( /r5g? 9 ! ,fr5* colonization prov$ to be fatal elem5ts ( weakness4 #a4 ,! ,fr5* colonies _h ! advantage ( royal patronage1 end[m5t1#bd3b & protection1 & ( unity ( c\nsel & direction4 ,!y 7 all p>ts ( "o sy/em1 "u "o control4 ,& _! c5t]s ( vitality1 head & he>t1 7 on ! o!r side ( ! sea4 ,subsi/+ ^u ! /r5g? ( ! great mon>*y1 !y mu/ ne$s %>e its =tunes1 evil z well z good4 ,:51 aft] ! rev]ses ( ,france 9 ! ,sev5 ,ye>s' ,w>1 x became necess>y to accept h>d t]ms ( peace1 ! sup]b framework ( empire 9 ! ,we/ fell to ! disposal ( ! victors4 ,am]ica1 said ,pitt1 0 conqu]$ 9 ,g]many4 #b4 ,! bus9ess basis ( ! ,fr5* colonies1 be+ t ( trade ) ! ,indians r ?an a self-support+ agriculture1 favor$ ! swift expansion ( ^! colonies & _! wide influ5ce among ! ,indians4 ,scatt]$ companies ( fur-trad]s w\ld be f\nd "h & !re1 :]ev] 7 favorable po9ts = traffic1 p5etrat+ deeply into ! wild]ness & e/abli%+ fri5dly bus9ess relations ) ! savages4 ,x has be5 obs]v$ t ! ,romanic races %[ an alacrity = int]m>riage ) b>b>\s tribes t is n to be f\nd 9 ! ,teutonic4 ,! result ( su* relations is ord9>ily less ! elevat+ ( ! l[] race ?an ! dragg+ d[n ( ! high]2 b x t5ds = ! "t to give great advantage 9 ma9ta9+ a p[]ful political influ5ce ov] ! b>b>ians4 ,?us x 0 t ! ,fr5*1 few 9 numb]1 cov]$ almo/ ! bread? ( ! cont95t ) _! =midable alliances2 & ^! alliances 7 ! (f5sive & def5sive armor 9 :i* !y tru/$1 b !y 7 also _! p]il4 ,close alliance ) "o savage clan involv$ w> ) its enemies4 ,x 0 an e>ly mis=tune ( ! ,fr5* settl]s t _! close fri5dly relations ) _! ,huron neighbors embattl$ aga9/ !m ! fi]ce/1 brave/1 & able/ ( ! ,indian tribes1 ! conf$]acy ( ! ,six ,nations1 :i* held1 ) full appreciation ( its /rategic importance1 ! comm& ( ! exits s\?w>d f ! valley ( ! ,/4 ,lawr5ce4 ,! fi]ce jeal\sy ( ! ,iroquois t[>d ! allies ( _! h]$it>y antagoni/s1 r ?an any good w t[>d :ite settl]s ( o!r races1 made !m an effectual *eck ^u ,fr5* encroa*m5ts ^u ! sl5d] l9e ( ,engli%1 ,dut*1 & ,sw$i% settlem5ts t /ret*$ s\?w>d f ,ma9e along ! ,atlantic coa/4 #c4 ,9 "o aspect x 0 d\btless an advantage to ! ,fr5* missions 9 ,am]ica t ! %>p sect>ian competitions betwe5 ! diff]5t cl]ical ord]s result$ f9ally 9 ! missions com+ almo/ exclusively "u ! control ( ! ,jesuit society4 ,?is result insur$ to ! missions ! highe/ ability 9 adm9i/ration & direction1 ample res\rces ( v>i\s sorts1 & a =ce ( mission>ies ^: p]sonal virtues h won = !m un/9t$ eulogy ev5 f unfri5dly s\rces--m5 ! ardor ( ^: zeal 0 rigor\sly controll$ by a m ?an m>tial sev]ity ( religi\s discipl9e4 ,b x w\ld be unc&id 9 u to refuse att5tion to ^? grave *>ges aga9/ ! society br\ght by ,ca?olic au?orities & ,ca?olic ord]s1 & s en=c$ z1 aft] long & acrimoni\s controv]sy1 to result 9 ! expulsion ( ! society f almo/ e nation ( ,ca?olic ,europe1 9 its be+ /igmatiz$ by ,pope ,b5$ict ,,xiv41 9 #agda1 z made up ( disob$i5t1 contumaci\s1 capti\s1 & reprobate p]sons1 & at la/ 9 its be+ suppress$ & aboli%$ by ,pope ,clem5t ,,xiv41 9 #aggc1 z a nuisance to ,*ri/5dom4 ,we ne$1 inde$1 to make all[ance = ! int5se animosity ( sect>ian /rife among ! v>i\s ,ca?olic ord]s 9 :i* ! *>ges aga9/ ! society 7 eng5d]$ & unrel5t+ly prosecut$2 b aft] all d$uctions x is n cr$ible t ! almo/ univ]sal odium 9 :i* x 0 held 0 provok$ solely by its virtues4 ,among ! accusations aga9/ ! society :i* seem mo/ cle>ly sub/antiat$ ^! two are likely to be conc]n$ 9 t br& ( ultimate failure :i* has inv>iably be5 /amp$ on all its mo/ promis+ s*emes & ef=ts3#bf3a fir/1 a disposition to compromise ! ess5tial pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity by politic concessions to hea!nism1 s t ! successes ( ! ,jesuit missions are magnifi$ by reports ( alleg$ conv]sions t are conv]sions only 9 "n & outw>d =m2 second1 a con/antly besett+ prop5sity to political intrigue4#bg3a ,x is h>dly to be d\bt$ t bo? _h _! "p 9 ! prodigi\s failure ( ! ,fr5* ,ca?olic missions & settlem5ts )9 ! pres5t b\nd>ies ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 #d4 ,! conditions :i* favor$ ! swift & magnific5t expansion ( ! ,fr5* occupation 7 unfavorable to ! heal?y natural gr[? ( p]man5t settlem5ts4 ,a po/ ( soldi]s1 a gr\p ( cab9s ( trapp]s & fur-trad]s1 & a mission ( nuns & celibate prie/s1 all toge!r give small promise ( rapid increase ( population4 ,x is r to ! fact t ! ,fr5* settlem5ts1 except at ! seabo>d1 7 con/itut$ s l>gely ( ^! elem5ts1 ?an to any alleg$ /]ility ( ! ,fr5* /ock1 t ! fatal weakness ( ! ,fr5* occupation is to be ascrib$4 ,! lack ( ,fr5* ,am]ica 0 m54 ,! population ( ,canada 9 #agei1 accord+ to c5sus1 0 ab\t eighty-two ?\s&2#bg3b t ( ,new ,engl& 9 #aged is e/imat$ at f\r hundr$ & tw5ty-five ?\s&4 ,! :ite population ( five1 or p]haps ev5 ( six1 ( ! ,am]ican prov9ces 0 great] s+ly ?an t ( all ,canada1 & ! aggregate 9 ,am]ica exce$$ t 9 ,canada f\rte5fold4#bg3c ,! same sign ( weakness is recogniz$ at ! o!r extremity ( ! cordon ( ,fr5* settlem5ts4 ,! va/ region ( ,l\isiana is e/imat$1 at fifty ye>s f its colonization1 at "o t5? ( ! /r5g? ( ! coeval prov9ce ( ,p5nsylvania4#bg3d ,"u ^! hopeless conditions ! ,fr5* colonies _h n ev5 ! alt]native ( keep+ ! peace4 ,! /ate ( w> 0 =c$ by ! "m c\ntries4 ,!re 0 no rec\rse = ,canada except to h] savage allies1 won = h] ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ! mission>ies4 ,x is ju/ly claim$ t 9 ! m9d ( su* e>ly lead]s z ,*ampla9 ! dom9ant motive ( ! ,fr5* colonization 0 religi\s2 b 9 ! cruel position into :i* ! colony 0 =c$ x 0 almo/ inevitable t ! missions %\ld become political4 ,x 0 boa/$ 9 _! behalf t !y _h taught ! ,indians to m+le ,jesus ,*ri/ & ,france toge!r 9 _! affections4#bh3a ,! cross & ! lilies 7 blazon$ toge!r z ! sign ( ,fr5* dom9ion4 ,! mission>y became frequ5tly1 & sometimes q undisguis$ly1 a political ag5t4 ,x 0 f ! missions t ! horrible murd]\s =ays ^u def5seless villages proce$$1 :i* s (t5 m>k$ ! fronti] l9e ( ,new ,engl& & ,new ,york ) fire & blood4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ unhappy ( ! results ( t savage w>f>e t 9 ! m9ds ( ! communities t suff]$ f x ! ,jesuit mission>y came to be look$ ^u z accessory to ^! abhorr5t crimes4 ,deeply is x to be lam5t$ t m5 ) su* em95t claims on our admiration & rev]5ce %\ld n be triumphantly cle> ( all suspicion ( su* complicity4 ,we gladly conc$e ! claim#bh3b t ! pro( ( ! complicity is n complete2 we c\ld welcome "s cle> evid5ce 9 dispro( ( x--"s sign ( a bold & indignant prote/ aga9/ ^! crimes2 we c\ld wi% t ! ,jesuit hi/orian _h n boa/$ ( ^! atrocities z proce$+ f ! f9e "w ( 8 bre?r51#bi3a & t ! antec$5ts ( ! ,jesuits z a body1 & _! decl>$ pr9ciples ( moral !ology1 7 su* z raise no presumption aga9/ !m ev5 9 unfri5dly m9ds4 ,b we mu/ be cont5t ) ?ankfully ackn[l$g+ t div9e *ange :i* has made x impossible long] to boa/ ( or ev5 ju/ify su* de$s1 & :i* leaves no gr\nd among neighbor ,*ri/ians ( ! pres5t day = h>bor+ mutual suspicions :i*1 to ! ,*ri/ian m9i/]s ( ,fr5* & ,engli% ,am]ica ( two hundr$ ye>s ago & less1 x 0 impossible to repress4 ,i h spok5 ( ! complete ext9ction )9 ! pres5t doma9 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ! magnific5t beg9n+s ( ! project$ ,fr5* ,ca?olic ,*ur* & empire4 ,x is only 9 ! mo/ rec5t ye>s1 s9ce ! ,civil ,w>1 t ! results ( ! "w inaugurat$ 9 ,am]ica by ,*ampla9 beg9 to reappe> 9 ! field ( ! ecclesia/ical hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! immigration ( ,canadian ,fr5* ,ca?olics into ! nor!rn ti] ( ,/ates has already gr[n to consid]able volume1 & is /ill gr[+ 9 numb]s & 9 /ability & /r5g?1 & adds a new & int]e/+ elem5t to ! _m factors t g to make up ! ,am]ican *ur*4 ,,footnotes3 #ah3a ,s ,p>kman4 #ai3a ,bancr(t's ,unit$ ,/ates1 vol4 iv41 p4 #bfg4 #ba3a ,bancr(t's ,unit$ ,/ates1 vol4 iii41 p4 #aca4 #ba3b ,ibid41 p4 #age4 #bb3a ,bancr(t1 vol4 iii41 p4 #aba4 #bc3a ,bi%op ,o',gorman1 ,! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 p4 #acf4 #bc3b ,ibid41 pp4 #aia-aic4 #bc3c ,ibid41 p4 #baa4 #bd3a ,see ,o',gorman1 *aps4 ix4-xiv41 xx4 #bd3b ,mr4 ,bancr(t1 describ+ ! sad condition ( ,la ,salle's colony at ,matagorda aft] ! wreck ( 8 ri*ly lad5 /ore-%ip1 adds t ev5 n[ ?is colony possess$1 f ! b\nty ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 m ?an 0 contribut$ by all ! ,engli% mon>*s toge!r = ! twelve ,engli% colonies on ! ,atlantic4 ,its numb] /ill exce$$ t ( ! colony ( ,smi? 9 ,virg9ia1 or ( ^? :o emb>k$ 9 ! ',mayfl[]' 7vol4 iii41 p4 #aga74 #bf3a ,dr4 ,r4 ,f4 ,littl$ale1 9 ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1 vol4 xiii41 pp4 #fdi-feb4 #bg3a ,bo? ^! *>ges are solemnly affirm$ by ! pope 9 ! bull ( suppression ( ! society 7,dr4 ,r4 ,f4 ,littl$ale1 9 ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1 vol4 xiii41 p4 #fee74 #bg3b ,bancr(t1 vol4 iii41 p4 #cbj4 #bg3c ,ibid41 pp4 #abh1 #abi4 #bg3d ,! contra/ is vigor\sly emphasiz$ by ,mr4 ,bancr(t3 ,su* 0 ,l\isiana m ?an a half-c5tury aft] ! fir/ attempt at colonization by ,la ,salle4 ,its population may h be5 five ?\s& :ites & half t numb] ( blacks4 ,l\is ,,xiv4 _h fo/]$ x ) pride & lib]al exp5ditures2 an opul5t m]*ant1 fam$ = 8 successful ent]prise1 assum$ its direction2 ! ,company ( ! ,mississippi1 aid$ by b\ndless b transi5t cr$it1 _h made x ! f\ndation ( _! hopes2 &1 aga91 ,fleury & ,l\is ,,xv4 _h s\ght to advance its =tunes4 ,prie/s & fri>s1 disp]s$ ?r\gh nations f ,biloxi to ! ,dahcotas1 propitiat$ ! favor ( ! savages2 b /ill ! valley ( ! ,mississippi 0 ne>ly a wild]ness4 ,all its patrons--?\gh among !m x c\nt$ k+s & m9i/]s ( /ate--_h n accompli%$ = x 9 half a c5tury a ti! ( ! prosp]ity :i* )9 ! same p]iod sprang naturally f ! b5evol5ce ( ,william ,p5n to ! peaceful settl]s on ! ,delaw>e 7vol4 iii41 p4 #cfi74 #bh3a ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1 vol4 xiii41 p4 #fed4 #bh3b ,bi%op ,o',gorman1 pp4 #acg-adb4 #bi3a ,bancr(t1 vol4 iii41 pp4 #ahg1 #ahh4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,antec$5ts ,,( ,,p]man5t ,,*ri/ian ,,colonization--,,! ,,dis9tegration ,,( ,,*ri/5dom--,,controv]sies--,,p]secution s4 ,we h briefly review$ ! hi/ory ( two magnific5t s*emes ( secul> & spiritual empire1 :i*1 conceiv$ 9 ! m9ds ( great /atesm5 & *ur*m51 su/a9$ by ! res\rces ( ! mightie/ k+doms ( t age1 inaugurat$ by soldi]s ( admirable pr[ess1 explor]s ( unsurpass$ boldness & p]si/5ce1 & mission>ies ^: h]oic fai? has canoniz$ !m 9 ! v5]ation ( ,*ri/5dom1 h nev]!less come to naught4 ,we turn n[ to obs]ve ! beg9n+s1 co9cid+ 9 "t ) ^? ( ! ,fr5* ent]prise1 ( a s]ies ( disconnect$ plantations along ! ,atlantic seabo>d1 e/abli%$ z if at haphaz>d1 )\t plan or mutual preconc]t1 ( diff]5t languages & widely div]se ,*ri/ian cre$s1 dep5d+ on scanty private res\rces1 unsu/a9$ by gov]nm5tal arms or treasuries1 b de/9$1 9 a c\rse ( ev5ts :i* no human =esight c\ld h calculat$1 to come "u ! pla/ic influ5ce ( a s+le ,european p[]1 to be mold$ accord+ to ! g5]al type ( ,engli% polity1 & to become heir to ,engli% traditions1 lit]ature1 & language4 ,^! mutually ali5 & ev5 antagoni/ic communities 7 to be con/ra9$1 by =ces sup]ior to human control1 fir/ into conf$]ation & !n into union1 & to occupy ! bread? ( ! new cont95t z a solid & indep5d5t nation4 ,! hi/ory reads l a fulfillm5t ( ! apocalyptic imag]y ( a rock hewn f ! m\nta9 )\t h&s1 mov+ on to fill ! e>?4 ,look+ back aft] ! ev5t1 we f9d x easy to trace ! provid5tial prep>ations = ?is great result4 ,!re 7 few important ev5ts 9 ! c\rse ( ! sixte5? & e>ly sev5te5? c5turies t did n h to d ) x2 b ! mo/ obvi\s ( ^! antec$5ts are to be f\nd 9 controv]sies & p]secutions4 ,! prote/ ( nor!rn ,europe aga9/ ! abuses & corruptions prevail+ 9 ! ,roman ,*ur* 0 articulat$ 9 ! ,augsburg ,confession4 ,ov] aga9/ x 7 fram$ ! decrees ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t4 ,?us ! l9es 7 di/9ctly drawn & ! w>f>e betwe5 cont5d+ pr9ciples 0 jo9$4 ,^? :o fondly dream$ ( a p]man5tly unit$ & solid ,prote/antism to )/& its p[]ful antagoni/ 7 de/9$ to spe$y & inevitable disappo9tm5t4 ,!re h be5 _m to deplore t s soon aft] ! prote/ ( ,augsburg 0 set =? z embody+ ! common belief ( ,prote/ants new p>ties %\ld h aris5 prote/+ aga9/ ! prote/4 ,! ord9ance ( ! ,"l's ,supp]1 in/itut$ z a sacram5t ( univ]sal ,*ri/ian fell[%ip1 became 7z s (t5 be=e & s9ce7 ! c5t] ( cont5tion & ! badge ( mutual ali5ation4 ,x 0 on ?is po9t t ,zw+li & ! ,swiss p>t$ f ,lu!r & ! ,lu!rans2 on ! same po9t1 9 ! next g5]ation ( ,re=m]s1 ,john ,calv91 attempt+ to m$iate betwe5 ! two cont5d+ p>ties1 became ! f\nd] ( /ill a ?ird p>ty1 /rong n only 9 ! lucid & logical doctr9al /atem5ts 9 :i* x delight$1 b also 9 ! possession ( a def9ite s*eme ( republican *ur* gov]nm5t :i* became z di/9ctive ( ! ,calv9i/ic or ,re=m$ *ur*es z _! doctr9e ( ! ,supp]4 ,x 0 at a lat] epo* /ill t ^? insoluble que/ions :i* press mo/ inexorably = consid]ation :5 !ological ?\ght & /udy are mo/ s]i\s & e>ne/--! que/ions t conc]n ! div9e sov]eignty 9 its relation to human fre$om & responsibility--arose 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* to divide ,jesuit f ,dom9ican & ,franciscan1 & 9 ! ,re=m$ *ur*es to divide ! ,arm9ians f ! disciples ( ,gom> & ,turret94 ,all ^! divisions among ! ,european ,*ri/ians ( ! sev5te5? c5tury 7 to h _! important be>+ on ! plant+ ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur* 9 ,am]ica4 ,9 view ( ! de/9$ pr$om9ance ( ,engli% influ5ce 9 ! seabo>d colonies ( ,am]ica1 ! hi/ory ( ! divisions ( ! ,*ri/ian p ( ,engl& is ( preem95t importance to ! beg9n+s ( ! ,am]ican *ur*4 ,! curi\sly div]se elem5ts t ent]$ into ! ,engli% ,re=mation1 & ! viol5t vicissitudes t m>k$ ! c\rse ( x1 7 all repres5t$ 9 ! p>ties exi/+ among ,engli% ,*ri/ians at ! p]iod ( ! plant+ ( ! colonies4 ,! political & dyna/ic "* ( ! movem5ts t deta*$ ! ,engli% hi]>*y f ! ,roman see _h = "o inevitable result to leav5 ! ,engli% *ur* z a lump ) ! leav5 ( ,h]od4 ,t consid]able "p ( ! cl]gy & p t mov$ to & fro1 )\t s mu* z ! resi/ance ( any v =midable vis in]tiae1 ) ! *ange ( ! mon>* or ( ! mon>*'s caprice1 might leave ! /ud5t ( ! hi/ory ( ^? times 9 d\bt z to :e!r !y belong$ to ! k+dom ( heav5 or to ! k+dom ( ?is _w4 ,b1 h[ev] sev]e ! judgm5t t any may pass ^u ! "* & motives ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 & ( ! c\ncilors ( ,edw>d1 !re w h>dly be any s]i\sly to "q t ! movem5ts direct$ by ^! m5 soon came to be infus$ ) m s]i\s & spiritual influ5ces4 ,! ,loll>dy ( ,wycliffe & 8 fell[s 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury _h be5 sev]ely repress$ & driv5 into occult conv5ticles1 b _h n be5 ext+ui%$2 ! ,bible 9 ,engli%1 _m times ret\*$ aft] ,wycliffe's days1 & p]fect$ by ! refugees at ,g5eva f ! ,m>ian p]secutions1 _h become a common h\sehold book2 & ^? exiles !mselves1 return+ f ! v>i\s c5t]s ( f]vid religi\s ?\ght & feel+ 9 ,holl& & ,g]many & ,switz]l&1 _h br\ght ) !m an augm5t$ spiritual fai?1 z well z int5sifi$ & %>ply def9$ convictions on ! que/ions ( !ology & *ur* ord] t 7 debat$ by ! s*ol>s ( ! ,cont95t4 ,x 0 impossible t ! div]se & antagoni/ elem5ts ?us assembl$ %\ld n "w on "o ano!r ) viol5t reactions4 ,by ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury n less ?an f\r categories w\ld suffice to classify ! p ( ,engl& accord+ to _! religi\s diff]5ces4 ,fir/1 !re 7 ^? :o /ill cont9u$ to adh]e to ! ,roman see4 ,secondly1 ^? :o1 ei!r f conviction or f exp$i5cy or f indiff]5ce1 7 cont5t ) ! /ate *ur* ( ,engl& 9 ! %ape 9 :i* ,elizabe? & h] p>liam5ts _h left x2 ?is class naturally includ$ ! g5]al multitude ( ,engli%m51 religi\s1 irreligi\s1 & non-religi\s4 ,?irdly1 !re 7 ^? :o1 n refus+ _! adhesion to ! national *ur* z by law e/abli%$1 nev]!less e>ne/ly desir$ to see x m completely purifi$ f doctr9al errors & practical corruptions1 & :o qualifi$ _! con=mity to x accord+ly4 ,f\r?ly1 !re 7 ! few :o di/9ctly repudiat$ ! national *ur* z a false *ur*1 com+ out f h] z f ,babylon1 det]m9$ ^u re=mation )\t t>ry+ = any4 ,f9ally1 foll[+ ^u ^!1 m radical1 n to say m logical1 ?an ! re/1 came a fif? p>ty1 ! foll[]s ( ,george ,fox4 ,n "o ( ^! five p>ties b has valid claims1 bo? 9 its pr9ciples & 9 its memb]%ip1 on ! respect ( hi/ory2 n "o b c po9t to its sa9ts & m>tyrs2 n "o b 0 de/9$ to play a q sep>ate & di/9ct & highly important "p 9 ! plant+ ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ 9 ,am]ica4 ,!y are designat$1 = conv5i5ce' sake1 z ! ,ca?olics1 ! ,con=mi/s1 ! ,puritans or ,re=mi/s1 ! ,sep>ati/s 7( :om 7 ! ,pilgrims71 & ! ,quak]s4 ,su* a ,*ri/5dom 0 x1 s disorganiz$1 divid$1 & subdivid$ into p>ties & sects1 :i* 0 to furni% ! mat]ials = ! peopl+ ( ! new cont95t ) a ,*ri/ian population4 ,x w\ld seem t ! same some:at n ourselves1 :i* _h defeat$ 9 succession ! plans ( two mighty nations to subject ! ,new ,_w to a s+le hi]>*y1 _h also provid$ t no "o =m or organization ( ,*ri/ianity %\ld be exclusive or ev5 dom9ant 9 ! occupation ( ! ,am]ican soil4 ,f "o po9t ( view ! ,am]ican colonies w pres5t a sorry aspect4 ,s*ism1 mutual ali5ation1 antagonism1 competition1 are uncong5ial to ! _s ( ! gospel1 :i* seeks t !y all may be "o4 ,& yet ! hi/ory ( ! *ur* has demon/rat$ by _m a sad example t ?is (f5se mu/ ne$s come4 ,no widely ext5d$ organization ( *ur* discipl9e 9 exclusive occupation ( any c\ntry has ev] long avoid$ ! intol]able mis*iefs att5dant on spiritual despotism4 ,x 0 a %ock to ! hopes & ! g5]\s s5tim5ts ( ^? :o _h look$ to see "o undivid$ body ( a re=m$ *ur* erect$ ov] aga9/ ! m$ieval *ur*1 f ! corruptions ( :i* !y _h revolt$1 :5 !y saw ,prote/antism g asund] into ! sev]al *ur*es ( ! ,lu!ran & ! ,re=m$ confessions2 !re are _m ev5 n[ to deplore x z a disa/r\s set-back to ! progress ( ! k+dom ( ,*ri/4 ,b 9 ! calmness ( our long retrospect x is easy = u to recognize t :atev] jurisdiction %\ld h be5 e/abli%$ ov] an undivid$ ,prote/ant *ur* w\ld inevitably h prov$ itself1 9 no long "t1 j su* a yoke z nei!r ! m5 ( t "t nor _! fa!rs _h be5 able to be>4 ,fifte5 c5turies ( *ur* hi/ory h n be5 wa/$ if !reby ! ,*ri/ian p h le>n$ t ! pursuit ( ,*ri/ian unity ?r\gh adm9i/rative or corporate or diplomatic union is foll[+ ! wrong road1 & t ! "o ,holy ,ca?olic ,*ur* is n ! corporation ( sa9ts1 b _! communion4 ,! new exp]im5t ( *ur* life t 0 initiat$ 9 ! colonization ( ,am]ica is /ill 9 progress4 ,! new ,/ates 7 to be plant$ n only ) div]se companies f ! ,old ,_w1 b ) all ! def9itely organiz$ sects by :i* ! map ( ,*ri/5dom 0 at t "t v>iegat$1 to :i* %\ld be add$ o!rs ( native orig94 ,not)/&+ successive booms n[ ( "o & !n ( ano!r1 x 0 soon to become obvi\s to all t no "o ( ^! mutually jeal\s sects 0 to h any exclusive pr$om9ance1 ev5 ov] n>r[ prec9cts ( t]ritory4 ,! old-_w /ate *ur*es1 :i* "u ! rule1 cujus regio ejus religio1 _h be5 supreme & exclusive ea* 9 its jurisdiction1 7 to f9d !mselves side by side & m+l$ ?r\gh ! community on equal t]ms ) ^? ov] :om 9 ! old c\ntry !y _h dom9e]$ z diss5t]s1 or :om p]haps !y _h ev5 p]secut$ z h]etics or z ,anti*ri/4 ,?us plac$1 !y 7 to be tra9$ by ! discipl9e ( div9e ,provid5ce & by ! grace ( ! ,holy ,_s f p]secution to tol]ation1 f tol]ation to mutual respect1 & to cooep]ation 9 matt]s ( common conc]n 9 ! advancem5t ( ! k+dom ( ,*ri/4 ,:at fur!r rema9s to be tri$ is ! "q :e!r1 if n ! sects1 !n ! ,*ri/ian he>ts 9 ea* sect1 c be br\ght to take ! f9al /ep f mutual respect to mutual love1 t we h5ce=?1 speak+ tru? 9 love1 may gr[ up 9 all ?+s into him1 :i* is ! head1 ev5 ,*ri/2 f :om all ! body fitly fram$ & knit toge!r ?r\gh t :i* e jo9t supplie?1 accord+ to ! work+ 9 due measure ( ea* sev]al "p1 %all make ! increase ( ! body unto ! build+ up ( itself 9 love4 ,unless we mu/ submit to ^? philosoph]s :o =bid u to f9d 9 hi/ory ! evid5ces ( f9al cause & provid5tial design1 we may surely look ^u ?is z a wor?y possible solution ( ! my/]y ( ,provid5ce 9 ! plant+ ( ! *ur* 9 ,am]ica 9 almo/ its ultimate /age ( s*ism--t x is ! purpose ( its ,head1 out ( ! mutual attrition ( ! sects1 _! dis9tegration & comm9ution1 to br+ =? su* a demon/ration ( ! unity & lib]ty ( ! *ildr5 ( ,god z ! pa/ ages ( *ur* hi/ory h fail$ to %[4 ,t mutual intol]ance ( diff]5ces 9 religi\s belief :i*1 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 01 ?r\gh\t ,*ri/5dom1 coext5sive ) religi\s e>ne/ness _h its important "p to play 9 ! colonization ( ,am]ica4 ,( ! p]secutions & oppressions :i* gave direct impulse to ! e>lie/ colonization ( ,am]ica1 ! mo/ notable are ! foll[+3 7#a7 ! p]secution ( ! ,engli% ,puritans 9 ! reigns ( ,james ,i4 & ,*>les ,i41 end+ ) ! outbreak ( ! civil w> 9 #afdb2 7#b7 ! p]secution ( ! ,engli% ,roman ,ca?olics dur+ ! same p]iod2 7#c7 ! p]secution ( ! ,engli% ,quak]s dur+ ! tw5ty-five ye>s ( ,*>les ,,ii4 7#affj-he72 7#d7 ! p]secution ( ! ,fr5* ,hugu5ots aft] ! revocation ( ! ,edict ( ,nantes 7#afhe72 7#e7 ! disabilities suff]$ by ! ,presbyt]ians ( ! nor? ( ,irel& aft] ! ,engli% ,revolution 7#afhh72 7#f7 ! f]oci\s ravag+ ( ! region ( ! ,rh5i% ,palat9ate by ! armies ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! sev5te5? c5tury2 7#g7 ! cruel expulsion ( ! ,prote/ants ( ! ar*iepiscopal du*y ( ,salzburg 7#agca74 ,beyond dispute1 ! be/ & mo/ pot5t elem5ts 9 ! settlem5t ( ! seabo>d colonies 7 ! companies ( e>ne/ly religi\s p :o f "t to "t1 "u sev]e compulsion = consci5ce' sake1 came =? f ! ,old ,_w z involunt>y emigrants4 ,cruel w>s & p]secutions accompli%$ a result 9 ! advancem5t ( ! k+dom ( ,*ri/ :i* ! au?ors ( !m nev] int5d$4 ,b n ^! ag5cies alone promot$ ! great "w4 ,peace1 prosp]ity1 weal?1 & ! hope ( weal? _h _! "p 9 x4 ,! e>lie/ successful ent]prises ( colonization 7 inde$ m>k$ ) ! badge ( ,*ri/ianity1 & among _! promot]s 7 m5 ^: language & de$s nobly ev9ce ! ,*ri/ian _s2 b ! ent]prises 7 impell$ & direct$ by comm]cial or patriotic consid]ations4 ,! imm5se advantages t 7 to accrue f !m to ! _w ?r\gh ! wid] propagation ( ! gospel ( ,*ri/ 7 n lo/ sight ( 9 ! project+ & organiz+ ( ! exp$itions1 nor 7 provisions = *ur* & m9i/ry omitt$2 b ^! 7 incid5tal1 n prim>y4 ,?is /ory ( ! div9e prep>ations c>ri$ =w>d ?r\gh unconsci\s human ag5cies 9 diff]5t l&s & ages = ! f\nd+ ( ! ,am]ican *ur* is a necess>y preamble to our hi/ory4 ,! sc5e ( ! /ory is n[ to be %ift$ to ! o!r side ( ! sea4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,puritan ,,beg9n+s ,,( ,,! ,,*ur* ,,9 ,,virg9ia--,,its ,,decl9e ,,almo/ ,,to ,,ext9ction4 ,!re is suffici5t evid5ce t ! ?ree little vessels :i* on ! #ac? ( ,may1 #afjg1 7 moor$ to ! trees on ! bank ( ! ,james ,riv] br\ght to ! soil ( ,am]ica ! g]m ( a ,*ri/ian *ur*4 ,we may feel con/ra9$ to accept only at a l>ge disc\nt ! pi\s (ficial pr(essions ( ,k+ ,james ,i41 & critically to scrut9ize _m ( ! /atem5ts ( t brilliant & fasc9at+ adv5tur]1 ,capta9 ,john ,smi?1 :e!r conc]n+ 8 fri5ds or conc]n+ 8 enemies or conc]n+ himself4 ,b ! beauty & dignity ( ! ,*ri/ian "* %9e unmi/akable 9 ! life ( ! *apla9 to ! exp$ition1 ! ,rev4 ,rob]t ,hunt1 & all ! m radiantly = ! d>k & disc\rag+ surr\nd+s 9 :i* 8 m9i/ry 0 to be ex]cis$4 ,= ! company :i* ,capta9 ,smi? & t fam\s m>9]1 ,capta9 ,b>?olomew ,gosnold1 _h by _m mon?s ( labor & _m a =gott5 p\nd ( exp5se succe$$ 9 recruit+ = ! ent]prise 0 made up ( mo/ unhopeful mat]ial = ! f\nd+ ( a ,*ri/ian colony4 ,^? 7 ! ye>s ( ignoble peace ) :i* ! reign ( ,james began2 & ! glitt]+ hopes ( gold might well attract "s ( ! brave m5 :o _h s]v$ by sea or l& 9 ! w>s ( ,elizabe?4 ,b ! la/ ?irty ye>s _h furni%$ no in/ance ( success1 & _m ( disa/r\s & sometimes tragical failure1 9 l attempts--! ent]prises ( ,humphrey ,gilb]t1 ( ,raleigh1 ( ,john ,:ite1 ( ,gosnold himself1 & ( ,popham & ,gorges4 ,ev5 brave m5 might hesitate to volunte] = ! =lorn hope ( ano!r exp]im5t at coloniz+4 ,! little squadron _h h>dly set sail :5 ! unfitness ( ! emigrants = _! "w began to discov] itself4 ,ly+ wea!r-b\nd )9 sight ( home1 "s few1 little bett] ?an a!i/s1 ( ! greate/ rank among !m1 7 busy+ !mselves ) sc&al\s imputations ^u ! *apla91 !n ly+ dang]\sly ill 9 8 b]?4 ,all ?r\gh ! f\r mon?s' passage by way ( ! ,can>ies & ! ,we/ ,india ,isl&s discont5ts & diss5sions prevail$4 ,w+field1 :o _h be5 nam$ presid5t ( ! colony1 _h ,smi? 9 irons1 & at ! isl& ( ,nevis _h ! gall[s set up = 8 execution on a *>ge ( conspiracy1 :5 mild] c\nsels prevail$1 & he 0 br\ght to ,virg9ia1 :]e he 0 tri$ & acquitt$ & 8 adv]s>y mulct$ 9 damages4 ,arriv$ at ! place ( settlem5t1 ! coloni/s set ab\t ! "w ( build+ _! h\ses1 b f\nd t _! total numb] ( "o hundr$ & five 0 made up 9 ! proportion ( f\r c>p5t]s to =ty-eight g5tlem54 ,n inadequately provision$ = _! "w1 !y came repeat$ly almo/ to p]i%+ ?r\gh _! %e] incapacity & un?rift1 & _! ne$less qu>rels ) "o ano!r & ) ! ,indians4 ,9 five mon?s "o half ( ! company 7 dead4 ,9 ,janu>y1 #afjh1 eight mon?s f ! l&+1 :5 ! second exp$ition arriv$ ) re9=cem5ts & supplies1 only ?irty-eight 7 surviv+ out ( ! "o hundr$ & five1 & ( ^! ! /ronge/ 7 conspir+ to seize ! p9nace & des]t ! settlem5t4 ,! newcom]s 7 no bett] ?an ! fir/4 ,!y 7 *iefly g5tlem5 aga91 & goldsmi?s1 ^: duty 0 to discov] & ref9e ! quantities ( gold t ! /ockhold]s 9 ! ent]prise 7 resolv$ %\ld be f\nd 9 ,virg9ia1 :e!r x 0 !re or n4 ,! %ip took back on h] return trip a full c>go ( wor?less dirt4 ,re9=cem5ts cont9u$ to arrive e few mon?s1 ! quality ( :i* x might be unfair to judge simply f ! disgu/$ compla9ts ( ,capta9 ,smi?4 ,he begs ! ,company to s5d b ?irty hone/ labor]s & artisans1 r ?an a ?\s& su* z we h1 & reports ! next %ip-load z fitt] to bre$ a riot ?an to f\nd a colony4 ,! wret*$ settlem5t became an object ( d]ision to ! wits ( ,london1 & ( sympa!tic int]e/ to s]i\s m9ds4 ,! ,company1 reorganiz$ "u a new *>t]1 0 /r5g!n$ by ! accession ( "s ( ! =emo/ m5 9 ,engl&1 includ+ f\r bi%ops1 ! ,e>l ( ,s\?ampton1 & ,sir ,francis ,bacon4 ,appeals 7 made to ! ,*ri/ian public 9 behalf ( an ent]prise s full ( promise ( ! fur!rance ( ! gospel4 ,a fleet ( n9e %ips 0 fitt$ out1 c>ry+ m ?an five hundr$ emigrants1 ) ample supplies4 ,capta9 ,smi?1 repres5t+ :at !re 0 ( civil au?ority 9 ! colony1 _h a brief /ruggle ) _! turbul5ce1 & recogniz$ !m z ( ! same sort ) ! =m] companies1 = ! mo/ "p poor g5tlem51 tradesm51 s]v+-m51 lib]t9es1 & su* l1 t5 times m fit to spoil a commonweal? ?an ei!r beg9 "o or help to ma9ta9 "o4 ,:5 only "p ( ?is exp$ition _h arriv$1 ,capta9 ,smi? dep>t$ = ,engl&1 disabl$ by an accid5tal w\nd1 leav+ a settlem5t ( ne>ly five hundr$ m51 abundantly provision$4 ,x 0 n ! w ( ,god t ! new /ate %\ld be =m$ ( ^! mat]ials4#da3a ,9 six mon?s ! numb] ( ! coloni/s 0 r$uc$ to sixty1 & :5 relief arriv$ x 0 reckon$ t 9 t5 days' long] delay !y w\ld h p]i%$ to ! la/ man4 ,) "o accord ! wret*$ remnant ( ! colony1 toge!r ) ! late/ com]s1 des]t$1 )\t a te> ( regret1 ! sc5e ( _! mis]y4 ,b _! retreat+ vessels 7 met & turn$ back f ! m\? ( ! riv] by ! approa*+ %ips ( ,"l de la ,w>r ) emigrants & supplies4 ,su* 7 ! fir/ ?ree unhappy & unhonor$ ye>s ( ! fir/ ,*ri/ian colony on ! soil ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,"o almo/ %r9ks f be+ assur$ t ?is wor?less crew1 ?r\gh all ^! ye>s ( suicidal crime & folly1 _h be5 assidu\s 9 religi\s duties4 ,fir/ "u an awn+ made ( an old sail1 seat$ ^u logs1 ) a rail nail$ to two trees = a pulpit1 aft]w>d 9 a poor %anty ( a *ur*1 t c\ld nei!r well def5d w9d nor ra91 !y _h daily common pray] morn+ & ev5+1 e ,sunday two s]mons1 & e ?ree mon?s ! holy communion1 till _! m9i/] di$2 & aft] t pray]s daily1 ) an homily on ,sundays1 two or ?ree ye>s1 till m prea*]s came4 ,! /urdy & t]rible resolution ( ,capta9 ,smi?1 :o 9 8 m>*es ?r\gh ! wild]ness 0 wont to beg9 ! day ) pray] & psalm1 & 0 n unequal to ! duty1 :5 x 0 laid on him1 ( giv+ ,*ri/ian exhortation z well z righte\s puni%m5t1 & ! g5tle ,*ri/ian influ5ce ( ! ,rev4 ,rob]t ,hunt1 7 ! salt t sav$ ! colony f utt]ly p]i%+ ( its vices4 ,x 0 n _m mon?s be=e ! frail body ( ! *apla9 sank "u ! h>d%ips ( pione] life2 he is commemorat$ by 8 comrade1 ! capta91 z an hone/1 religi\s1 & c\rage\s div9e1 dur+ ^: life our factions 7 (t qualifi$1 our wants & greate/ extremities s com=t$ t !y seem$ easy 9 comp>ison ( :at we endur$ aft] 8 memorable dea?4 ,:51 9 #afji1 9 a nobl] _s ?an t ( m]e comm]cial ent]prise1 ! reorganiz$ ,company1 "u ! new *>t]1 0 prep>+ ! great re9=cem5t ( five hundr$ to g out "u ,"l de la ,w>r z gov]nor ( ! colony1 c\nsel 0 tak5 ) ,abbot1 ! ,puritan ,bi%op ( ,london1 himself a memb] ( ! ,virg9ia ,company1 & ,ri*>d ,buck 0 select$ z a wor?y successor to ,rob]t ,hunt 9 ! (fice ( *apla94 ,su* he prov$ himself4 ,sail+ 9 advance ( ! gov]nor1 9 ! %ip ) ,sir ,?omas ,gates & ,sir ,george ,som]s1 & wreck$ ) !m (f ! ,b]mudas1 he did n =get 8 duty 9 ! pl5ty1 peace1 & ease ( t p>adise4 ,! %ip's bell 0 rescu$ f ! wreck to r+ = morn+ & ev5+ pray]1 & = ! two s]mons e ,sunday4 ,!re 7 bir?s & fun]als & a m>riage 9 ! %ipwreck$ company1 & at l5g?1 :5 _! make%ift vessel 0 ready1 !y emb>k$ = _! desir$ hav51 !re to f9d only ! />v+ ?reescore survivors ( ! colony4 ,!y ga!r$ toge!r1 a pitiable remnant1 9 ! *ur*1 :]e ,ma/] ,buck made a zeal\s & sorr[ful pray]2 & at once1 )\t los+ a day1 !y emb>k$ = a la/ dep>ture f ,virg9ia1 b 7 met at ! m\? ( ! riv] by ! t>dy %ips ( ,"l de la ,w>r4 ,! next morn+1 ,sunday1 ,june #aj1 #afaj1 ,"l de la ,w>r l&$ at ! =t1 :]e ,gates _h drawn up 8 =lorn platoon ( />v+ m5 to receive him4 ,! gov]nor fell on 8 knees 9 pray]1 !n l$ ! way to ! *ur*1 &1 aft] s]vice & a s]mon f ! *apla91 made an address1 assum+ comm& ( ! colony4 ,arm$1 "u ! new *>t]1 ) adequate au?ority1 ! new gov]nor 0 n sl[ 9 putt+ on ! /ate ( a vic]oy4 ,among 8 fir/ c>es 0 to provide = ! ext]nal dignity ( wor%ip4 ,! *ur*1 a build+ sixty feet by tw5ty-f\r1 built long en\gh be=e to be n[ 9 ne$ ( repairs1 0 put into good condition1 & a brave sight x 0 on ,sundays to see ! ,gov]nor1 ) ! ,privy ,c\ncil & ! ,lieut5ant-,g5]al & ! ,admiral & ! ,vice-,admiral & ! ,ma/] ( ! ,horse1 toge!r ) ! body-gu>d ( fifty halb]di]s 9 fair r$ cloaks1 comm&$ by ,capta9 ,edw>d ,brew/]1 assembl$ = wor%ip1 ! gov]nor seat$ 9 ! *oir 9 a gre5 velvet *air1 ) a velvet cu%ion on a table be=e him4 ,few ?+s c\ld h be5 bett] adapt$ to conv9ce ! peculi> public ( ,jame/[n t div9e wor%ip 0 inde$ a s]i\s matt]4 ,!re 0 some?+ m ?an ! p>ade ( gov]nm5t manife/$ by 8 lord%ip 9 ! few mon?s ( 8 reign2 b ! inauguration ( /rong & effective control ov] ! lazy1 disord]ly1 & s$iti\s cr[d to be dealt ) at ,jame/[n 0 res]v$ = 8 successor1 ,sir ,?omas ,dale1 :o arriv$ 9 ,may1 #afaa1 9 company ) ! ,rev4 ,alex&] ,:itak]1 ! apo/le ( ,virg9ia4 ,x w n be possible = any to und]/& ! relations ( ?is colony to ! /ate ( p>ties 9 ,engl& )\t di/9ctly recogniz+ t ! ,puritans 7 n a p>ty aga9/ ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 b a p>ty 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,! ,puritan p>ty 0 ! p>ty ( re=m1 & 0 /rong 9 a deep f]vor ( religi\s conviction widely diffus$ among p & cl]gy1 & ext5d+ to ! highe/ places ( ! nobility & ! episcopate4 ,! anti-,puritan p>ty 0 ! cons]vative or reaction>y p>ty1 /rong 9 ! vis in]tiae1 & 9 ! k+'s pig-head$ prejudices & 8 mon/r\s conceit ( !ological ability & supremacy 9 ! *ur*2 /rong also 9 a consid]able adhesion & zeal\s cooep]ation f among 8 nom9ees1 ! bi%ops4 ,! religi\s division 0 also a political "o1 ! ,puritans be+ kn[n z ! p>ty ( ! p1 _! antagoni/s z ! c\rt p>ty4 ,! /ruggle ( ! ,puritans 7z di/+ui%$ f ! inconsid]able numb] ( ! ,sep>ati/s7 0 = ! ma9t5ance ( _! rights )9 ! *ur*2 ! ef=t ( _! adv]s>ies1 ) ! aid ( ! k+'s pr]ogative1 0 to drive or h>ry !m out ( ! *ur*4 ,x is n to be und]/ood t ! two p>ties 7 z yet organiz$ z su* & di/9ctly b\nd$2 b ! two t5d5cies 7 pla9ly recogniz$1 & ! sympa?ies ( lead+ m5 9 *ur* or /ate 7 no secret4 ,! ,virg9ia ,company 0 a ,puritan corporation4#dd3a ,z su*1 its meet+s & debates 7 ! object ( popul> int]e/ & ( ! royal jeal\sy4 ,among its corporators 7 ! bro!rs ,s&ys1 sons ( ! ,puritan ,ar*bi%op ( ,york1 "o ( :om held ! manor ( ,scrooby4 ,o!rs ( ! corporation 7 ,william ,brew/]1 ( ,scrooby1 & 8 son ,edw>d4 ,9 ! fleet ( ,sir ,?omas ,gates1 ,may1 #afji1 7 not$ ,puritans1 "o ( :om1 ,/eph5 ,hopk9s1 :o _h mu* k 9 ! ,scriptures & c\ld reason well !re91 0 cl]k to t pa9ful prea*]1 b n /rict con=mi/1 ,ma/] ,ri*>d ,buck4 ,! intimate & sometimes (ficial relations ( ! ,virg9ia ,company n only ) lead+ repres5tatives ( ! ,puritan p>ty1 b ) ! ,pilgrims ( ,leyd51 :om !y w\ld gladly h receiv$ into _! own colony1 are matt] ( hi/ory & ( record4 ,x admits ( pro( t !re 0 a /eady purpose 9 ! ,company1 s f> z x 0 n ?w>t$ by ! k+ & ! bi%ops ( ! c\rt p>ty1 to hold _! unruly & ill-assort$ colony "u ,puritan influ5ces bo? ( *ur* & gov]nm5t4#de3a ,! fact ?r[s light on ! remot] z well z ! ne>] hi/ory ( ,virg9ia4 ,especially x ?r[s light on ! memorable adm9i/ration ( ,sir ,?omas ,dale1 :i* foll[$ h>d ^u ! dep>ture ( ,"l de la ,w>r & 8 body-gu>d 9 r$ cloaks4 ,! ,company _h pick$ _! man ) c>e--a man ( good consci5ce & k 9 div9ity1 & a soldi] & discipl9>ian prov$ 9 ! w>s ( ! ,l[ ,c\ntries--a v prototype ( ! great ,cromwell4 ,he und]/ood :at mann] ( task he _h und]tak51 & execut$ x )\t fl9*+4 ,z a matt] ( c\rse--x 0 ! way 9 t colony--!re 0 a conspiracy aga9/ 8 au?ority4 ,!re 0 no second conspiracy "u him4 ,puni%m5t 0 inflict$ on ! r+lead]s s swift1 s t]rible1 z to p>alyze all future s$ition4 ,he put 9 =ce1 9 ! "n ( ! ,company1 a code ( ,laws1 ,div9e1 ,moral1 & ,m>tial1 to :i* no p>allel c be f\nd 9 ! sev]e/ legislation ( ,new ,engl&4 ,an invaluable s]vice to ! colony 0 ! abolition ( t demoraliz+ socialism t _h be5 en=c$ on ! coloni/s1 by :i* all _! labor 0 to be devot$ to ! common /ock4 ,he gave out l& 9 sev]alty1 & ! labor] enjoy$ ! fruits ( 8 own indu/ry & ?rift1 or suff]$ ! consequ5ces ( 8 laz9ess4 ,! culture ( tobacco gave ! colony a curr5cy & a /aple ( export4 ,) ,dale 0 associat$ z *apla9 ,alex&] ,:itak]1 son ( ! au?or ( ! ,calv9i/ic ,lambe? ,articles1 & bro!r ( a ,sep>ati/ prea*] ( ,london4 ,:at 0 8 position 9 relation to *ur* p>ties is %[n by 8 lett] to 8 c\s91 ! ar*-,puritan1 ,william ,g\ge1 writt5 aft] ?ree ye>s' resid5ce 9 ,virg9ia1 urg+ t noncon=mi/ cl]gym5 %\ld come ov] to ,virg9ia1 :]e no "q w\ld be rais$ on ! subject ( subscription or ! surplice4 ,:at mann] ( man & m9i/] he 0 is prov$ by a noble record ( fai?ful "w4 ,he f\nd a true workfell[ 9 ,dale4 ,:5 ?is /atesmanlike & soldi]ly gov]nor f\nd$ 8 new city ( ,h5rico up ! riv]1 & laid out across ! /ream ! suburb ( ,hope-9-,fai?1 def5d$ by ,=t ,*>ity & ,=t ,pati5ce1 he built !re 9 sight f 8 (ficial resid5ce ! p>sonage ( ! apo/le ( ,virg9ia4 ,! c\rse ( ,:itak]'s m9i/ry is describ$ by himself 9 a lett] to a fri5d3 ,e ,sabba? day we prea* 9 ! =5oon & cate*ise 9 ! aft]noon4 ,e ,saturday1 at night1 ,i ex]cise 9 ,sir ,?omas ,dale's h\se4 ,b he & 8 fell[-cl]gym5 did n labor )\t aid1 ev5 9 ^w & doctr9e4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,john ,rolfe 0 p]plex$ ) que/ions ( duty t\*+ 8 love = ,pocahontas1 x 0 to ! old soldi]1 ,dale1 t he br\ght 8 burd51 seek+ spiritual c\nsel4 ,& x 0 ?is religi\s & valiant gov]nor1 z ,:itak] calls him1 ?is man ( great k 9 div9ity1 & ( a good consci5ce 9 all ?+s1 t labor$ long to gr\nd ! fai? ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! ,indian maid51 & wrote conc]n+ h]1 ,7 x b = ! ga9+ ( ?is "o s\l1 ,i w ?9k my "t1 toils1 & pres5t /ay well sp5t4 ,! progress ( ! gospel 9 reclaim+ ! unhappy colony to ,*ri/ian civilization v>ies ) ! v>y+ =tunes ( cont5d+ p>ties 9 ,engl&4 ,en]getic ef=ts 7 made by ! ,company "u ,s&ys1 ! fri5d ( ,brew/]1 to s5d out wor?y coloni/s2 & ! delicate task ( f9d+ "y wom5 ( good "* to be %ipp$ z wives to ! settl]s 0 und]tak5 consci5ti\sly & successfully4 ,g5]\s gifts ( money & l& 7 contribut$ 7al?\gh little came f !m7 = ! end[m5t ( s*ools & a college = ! promotion ( ,*ri/'s "w among ! :ite p & ! r$4 ,b ! c\rse ( ev5ts on bo? sides ( ! sea may be be/ illu/rat$ by a n>rative ( p]sonal incid5ts4 ,9 ! ye> #afba1 an ,ea/ ,india ,company's *apla91 ! ,rev4 ,patrick ,copl&1 :o p]haps des]ves ! title ( ! fir/ ,engli% mission>y 9 ,india1 on 8 way back f ,india met1 probably at ! ,can>ies1 ) %ips b\nd = ,virg9ia ) emigrants4 ,le>n+ f ^! some?+ ( ! ne$s ( ! plantation1 he /irr$ up 8 fell[-pass5g]s on ! ,royal ,james1 & rais$ ! sum ( sev5ty p\nds1 :i* 0 paid to ! treasur] ( ! ,virg9ia ,company2 &1 be+ increas$ by o!r gifts to "o hundr$ & tw5ty-five p\nds1 01 9 consultation ) ,mr4 ,copl&1 appropriat$ = a free s*ool to be call$ ! ,ea/ ,india ,s*ool4 ,! affairs ( ! colony 7 mo/ promis+4 ,x 0 gr[+ 9 population & 9 weal? & 9 ! in/itutions ( a ,*ri/ian commonweal?4 ,! t]ritory 0 divid$ into p>i%es = ! "w ( *ur* & cl]gy4 ,! /upid ob/9acy ( ! k+1 aga9/ ! remon/rances ( ! ,company1 p]petrat$ ! crime ( s5d+ out a hundr$ convicts into ! "y community1 extort+ f ,capta9 ,smi? ! prote/ t ?is act ha? laid "o ( ! f9e/ c\ntries ( ,am]ica "u ! j sc&al ( be+ a m]e hell ^u e>?4 ,! sweep+s ( ! ,london & ,bri/ol /reets 7 export$ = s]vants4 ,( d>k] port5t1 ?\gh m5 p]ceiv$ x n1 0 ! l&+ ( ! fir/ c>go ( negro slaves4 ,b s grateful 0 ! ,company = ! g5]al prosp]ity ( ! colony t x appo9t$ a ?anksgiv+ s]mon to be prea*$ at ,b[ ,*ur*1 ,april #ag1 #afbb1 by ,mr4 ,copl&1 :i* 0 pr9t$ "u ! title1 ,virg9ia's ,god ,be ,?ank$4 ,9 ,july1 #afbb1 ! ,company1 proce$+ to ! execution ( a long-*]i%$ plan1 *ose ,mr4 ,copl& rector ( ! college to be built at ,h5rico f ! end[m5ts already provid$1 :5 news arriv$ ( ! massacre :i*1 9 ,m>* ( t ye>1 swept away "o half ( ! f\r ?\s& coloni/s4 ,all su* ent]prises 7 at once arre/$4 ,9 #afbd ! long conte/ ( ! k+ & ! c\rt p>ty aga9/ ! ,virg9ia ,company 0 end$ by a viol5t ex]cise ( ! pr]ogative dissolv+ ! ,company1 b n until x _h e/abli%$ free repres5tative gov]nm5t 9 ! colony4 ,! revocation ( ! *>t] 0 "o ( ! la/ acts ( ,james's ignoble reign4 ,9 #afbe he di$1 & ,*>les ,i4 became k+4 ,9 #afbh ! mo/ hot-head$ & h>d-he>t$ ( prelates1 ,william ,laud1 became ,bi%op ( ,london1 & 9 #afcc ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury4 ,b ! ,puritan pr9ciples ( duty & lib]ty already plant$ 9 ,virg9ia 7 n de/9$ to be eradicat$4 ,f ! ye> #afai1 a settlem5t at ,nansemond1 ne> ,norfolk1 _h prosp]$1 & _h be5 9 relations ( trade ) ,new ,engl&4 ,9 #afdb ,philip ,b5nett1 ( ,nansemond1 visit+ ,bo/on 9 8 coa/+ vessel1 bore ) him a lett] to ! ,bo/on *ur*1 sign$ by sev5ty-f\r names1 /at+ ! ne$s ( _! great c\nty1 n[ )\t a pa/or1 & (f]+ a ma9t5ance to ?ree good m9i/]s if !y c\ld be f\nd4 ,a little lat] ,william ,dur&1 ( ! same c\nty1 wrote = himself & 8 neighbors to ,john ,dav5port1 ( ,new ,hav51 to :om "s ( !m _h li/5$ gladly 9 ,london 7p]haps x 0 :5 he prea*$ ! fir/ annual s]mon be=e ! ,virg9ia ,company 9 #afba71 speak+ ( a revival ( piety among !m1 & urg+ ! reque/ t _h be5 s5t to ! *ur* 9 ,bo/on4 ,z result ( ?is correspond5ce1 ?ree em95tly le>n$ & fai?ful m9i/]s ( ,new ,engl& came to ,virg9ia1 br++ lett]s ( comm5dation f ,gov]nor ,w9?rop4 ,b !y f\nd t ,virg9ia1 n[ become a royal colony1 _h no welcome = !m4 ,! newly arriv$ royal gov]nor1 ,sir ,william ,b]keley1 a man aft] ,laud's own he>t1 =bade _! prea*+2 b ! ,ca?olic gov]nor ( ,m>yl& s5t !m a free invitation1 & "o ( !m1 remov+ to ,annapolis ) "s ( ! ,virg9ia ,puritans1 s labor$ 9 ! gospel z to draw =? ! public ?anks ( ! legislative assembly4 ,! sequel ( ?is /ory is a /range "o4 ,!re mu/ h be5 some:at 9 ! "* & be>+ ( ^! sil5c$ & bani%$ m9i/]s t t\*$ ! he>t ( ,?omas ,h>rison1 ! gov]nor's *apla94 ,he made a confession ( 8 ins9c]e deal+s t[>d !m3 t :ile he _h be5 %[+ !m a fair face he _h privately us$ 8 influ5ce to h !m sil5c$4 ,he himself began to prea* 9 t e>ne/ way ( righte\sness1 temp]ance1 & judgm5t1 :i* is fitt$ to make gov]nors tremble1 until ,b]keley ca/ him out z a ,puritan1 say+ t he did n wi% s grave a *apla92 :]eupon ,h>rison cross$ ! riv] to ,nansemond1 became pa/or ( ! *ur*1 & mightily built up ! cause :i* he _h s\ght to de/roy4 ,a few mon?s lat] ! ,nansemond p _h ! opportunity ( giv+ succor & hospitality to a %ipwreck$ company ( n9e p1 :o _h be5 ca/ away1 ) loss ( all _! goods1 9 sail+ f ! ,b]mudas to f\nd a new settlem5t on "o ( ! ,bahamas4 ,among ! p>ty 0 an ag$ & v5]able man1 t same ,patrick ,copl& :o tw5ty-five ye>s be=e _h int]e/$ himself 9 ! pass+ p>ty ( emigrants4 ,?is 0 inde$ ent]ta9+ an angel4 ,mr4 ,copl& _h long be5 a noncon=mi/ m9i/] at ! ,b]mudas1 & he li/5$ to ! compla9ts t 7 made to him ( ! p]secution to :i* ! p 7 subject$ by ! malignant ,b]keley4 ,a free invitation 0 giv5 to ! ,nansemond *ur* to g ) _! gue/s to ! new settlem5t ( ,eleu!ra1 9 :i* fre$om ( consci5ce & non-int]f]5ce ( ! magi/rate ) ! *ur* 7 secur$ by *>t]4#ej3a ,mr4 ,h>rison proce$$ to ,bo/on to take c\nsel ( ! *ur*es ov] ?is proposition4 ,! p 7 advis$ by _! ,bo/on bre?r5 to rema9 9 _! lot until _! case %\ld become intol]able4 ,mr4 ,h>rison w5t on to ,london1 :]e a numb] ( ?+s _h happ5$ s9ce ,b]keley's appo9tm5t4 ,! k+ _h ceas$ to be2 b an ord] f ! ,c\ncil ( ,/ate 0 s5t to ,b]keley1 %>ply reprim&+ him = 8 c\rse1 & direct+ him to re/ore ,mr4 ,h>rison to 8 p>i%4 ,b ,mr4 ,h>rison did n return4 ,he fulfill$ an honorable c>e] z incumb5t ( a ,london p>i%1 z *apla9 to ,h5ry ,cromwell1 vic]oy ( ,irel&1 & z a hunt$ & p]secut$ prea*] 9 ! evil days aft] ! ,re/oration4 ,b ! poetic ju/ice ) :i* ?is curi\s dramatic episode %\ld conclude is n rea*$ until ,b]keley is compell$ to surr5d] 8 jurisdiction to ! ,commonweal?1 & ,ri*>d ,b5nett1 "o ( ! bani%$ ,puritans ( ,nansemond1 is *os5 by ! ,assembly ( ,burgesses to be gov]nor 9 8 /ead4#ea3a ,( c\rse ?is is a brief triumph4 ,) ! re/oration ( ! ,/u>ts1 ,b]keley comes back into p[] z royal gov]nor1 & = _m ye>s afflicts ! colony ) 8 malignant ,toryism4 ,! la/ /ate is worse ?an ! fir/2 = dur+ ! days ( ! ,commonweal? old soldi]s ( ! k+'s army _h come to ,virg9ia 9 su* numb]s z to =m an appreciable & n :olly admirable elem5t 9 ! population4 ,surr\nd$ by su* society1 ! gov]nor 0 enc\rag$ to indulge 8 natural disposition to bigotry & tyranny4 ,"u su* a nurs+ fa!r ! int]e/s ( ! k+dom ( ,*ri/ f>$ z might h be5 expect$4 ,rigor\s measures 7 in/itut$ = ! suppression ( noncon=mity1 ,quak] prea*]s 7 sev]ely dealt )1 & cl]gym51 su* z !y 71 7 impos$ ^u ! m or less reluctant p>i%es4 ,b ?\gh ! gov]nor held ! "r ( pres5tation1 ! ve/ry ( ea* p>i% ass]t$ & ma9ta9$ ! "r ( induction or ( refus+ to induct4 ,)\t ! cons5t ( ^! repres5tatives ( ! p ! c&idate c\ld secure = himself no m ?an ! p %\ld f ye> to ye> cons5t to all[ him4 ,x 0 ! only protection ( ! p f absolute spiritual despotism4 ,! p[] might be us$ to repel a too fai?ful pa/or1 b if !re 0 sometimes a temptation to ?is1 ! occasion 0 f> m frequ5t = putt+ ! p's reprobation ^u ! unfai?ful & unfit4 ,! colony1 gr[+ 9 weal? & population1 soon became infe/$ ) a rabble ( wor?less & sc&al\s prie/s4 ,9 a report :i* has be5 (t5 quot$1 ,gov]nor ,b]keley1 aft] giv+ acc\nt ( ! mat]ial prosp]ity ( ! colony1 sums up1 "u date ( #afga1 ! results ( 8 fo/]+ c>e ov] its spiritual int]e/s 9 ^! words3 ,!re are =ty-eight p>i%es1 & ! m9i/]s well paid4 ,! cl]gy by my cons5t w\ld be bett] if !y w\ld pray (t5] & prea* less4 ,b ( all o!r commodities1 s ( ?is1 ! wor/ are s5t u4 ,b ,i ?ank ,god !re are no free s*ools nor pr9t+1 & ,i hope we %all n h1 ^! hundr$ ye>s4 ,! sc&al ( ! ,virg9ia cl]gy w5t on f bad to worse4 ,:atev] c\ld be done by ! c\rage & e>ne/ness ( "o man 0 done by ,dr4 ,blair1 :o arriv$ 9 #afhi ) limit$ p[]s z commiss>y ( ! ,bi%op ( ,london1 & = m ?an fifty ye>s /ruggl$ aga9/ adv]se influ5ces to recov] ! *ur* f its degradation4 ,he succe$$ 9 gett+ a *>t] = ,william & ,m>y ,college1 b ! g5]\s end[m5ts ( ! in/itution 7 wa/$1 & ! college langui%$ 9 do+ ! "w ( a gramm> s*ool4 ,some?+ 0 accompli%$ 9 ! way ( discipl9e1 ?\gh ! cane ( ,gov]nor ,ni*olson ov] ! back ( an insol5t prie/ 0 d\btless m effective ?an ! commiss>y's admonitions4 ,b discipl9e1 :ile x may d some?+ t[>d abat+ sc&als1 _c create life f ! dead2 & ! *ur* e/abli%$ 9 ,virg9ia _h h>dly m ?an a "n to live4 ,its be/ e/ate is describ$ by ,spotswood1 ! be/ ( ! royal gov]nors1 :51 look+ on ! outw>d appe>ance1 he report$3 ,?is gov]nm5t is 9 p]fect peace & tranquillity1 "u a due ob$i5ce to ! royal au?ority & a g5tlemanly con=mity to ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,! poor man 0 soon to f9d h[ unc]ta9 is ! peace & tranquillity t is f\nd$ on a g5tlemanly con=mity4 ,! mo/ honorable page 9 8 record is ! /ory ( 8 ef=t = ! education ( ,indian *ildr54 ,8 hone/ attempt at re=mation 9 ! *ur* br\ght him into collision n only ) ! wor?less among ! cl]gy1 b also on ! "o h& ) ! p>i% ve/ries1 & on ! o!r h& ) ,commiss>y ,blair4 ,b all along ! g5tlemanly con=mity 0 undi/urb$4 ,a p>i% ( ,fr5* ,hugu5ots 0 e>ly e/abli%$ 9 ,h5rico ,c\nty1 & 9 #agac a p>i% ( ,g]man exiles on ! ,rappahannock1 & ^! 7 expressly except$ f ! ,act ( ,uni=mity4 ,aside f ^!1 ! *ief dep>tures f ! en=c$ uni=mity ( wor%ip ?r\gh\t ! colony 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! eighte5? c5tury 7 f\nd 9 a few meet+s ( p]secut$ & vilifi$ ,quak]s & ,bapti/s4 ,! gov]nm5t & cl]gy _h little notion ( ! significance ( a sl5d] /ream ( ,scot*-,iri% emigration :i*1 z e>ly z #agbj1 began to fl[ into ! valley ( ! ,%5&oah4 ,s *eap a def5se aga9/ ! p]ils t ?reat5$ f ! we/]n fronti] x w\ld h be5 folly to disc\rage by odi\s religi\s proscription4 ,! reasonable anxiety ( ! cl]gy z to :at might come ( ?is invasion ( a /urdy & uncompromis+ ,puritanism /ruggl$ )\t p]man5t success aga9/ ! obvi\s int]e/ ( ! commonweal?4 ,! addition ( ?is new & pot5t elem5t to ! ,*ri/ian population ( ! seabo>d colonies 0 "p ( ! unrecogniz$ prep>ation = ! ,great ,awak5+4 ,,footnotes3 #da3a ,bancr(t1 vol4 i41 p4 #ach4 #dd3a ,see ! int]e/+ demon/ration ( ?is po9t 9 articles by ,e4 ,d4 ,neill 9 ,h\rs at ,home1 vol4 vi41 pp4 #bb1 #bja4 ,mr4 ,neill's v>i\s publications on ! colonial hi/ory ( ,virg9ia & ,m>yl& are ( ! highe/ value & au?ority4 ,!y include3 ,! ,engli% ,colonization ( ,am]ica ,dur+ ! ,sev5te5? ,c5tury2 ,hi/ory ( ! ,virg9ia ,company2 ,virg9ia ,vetu/a2 ,virg9ia ,c>olorum2 ,t]ra ,m>iae2 or1 ,?reads ( ,m>yl& ,colonial ,hi/ory2 ,! ,f\nd]s ( ,m>yl&2 ,life ( ,patrick ,copl&4 #de3a ,x 0 cu/om>y = ! ,company1 :5 a c&idate 0 propos$ = a *apla9cy 9 ! colony1 to select a text = him & appo9t a ,sunday & a *ur* = a trial s]mon f :i* !y might judge ( 8 qualifications4 #ej3a ,! project ( ,eleu!ra is entitl$ to honorable m5tion 9 ! hi/ory ( religi\s lib]ty4 #ea3a ,= full] details conc]n+ ! ,puritan "* ( ! ,virg9ia ,company & ( ! e>ly m9i/]s ( ,virg9ia1 see ! articles ( ,e4 ,d4 ,neill1 above ref]r$ to1 9 ,h\rs at ,home1 vol4 vi4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,neighbor ,,colonies ,,to ,,virg9ia--,,m>yl& ,,& ,,! ,,c>ol9as4 ,! *ronological ord] w\ld require u at ?is po9t to turn to ! ,dut* settlem5ts on ! ,hudson ,riv]2 b ! close relations ( ,virg9ia ) its neighbor colonies ( ,m>yl& & ! ,c>ol9as are a reason = tak+ up ! brief hi/ory ( ^! settlem5ts 9 advance ( _! turn4 ,! occupation ( ,m>yl& dates f ! ye> #afcd4 ,! p]iod ( bold & half-desp]ate adv5ture 9 mak+ plantations along ! coa/ 0 pa/4 ,to m5 ( sangu9e temp] & suffici5t =tune & influ5ce at c\rt1 x 0 n[ a matt] ( v promis+ & n too risky speculation4 ,to ,george ,calv]t1 ,"l ,baltimore1 "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ *>act]s at ! c\rt ( ,james ,i41 ! bus9ess _h peculi> fasc9ation4 ,he 0 9 bo? ! ,new ,engl& ,company & ! ,virg9ia ,company1 & aft] ! *>t] ( ! latt] 0 revok$ he 0 "o ( ! ,provisional ,c\ncil = ! gov]nm5t ( ,virg9ia4 ,no?+ daunt$ by ! ill luck ( ^! companies1 he tri$ coloniz+ on 8 acc\nt 9 #afbj1 9 :at 0 repres5t$ to him z ! g5ial soil & climate ( ,newf\ndl&4 ,s5d+ good money aft] bad1 he 0 glad to get out ( ?is v5ture at ! end ( n9e ye>s ) a loss ( ?irty ?\s& p\nds4 ,9 #afbi he s5t home 8 *ildr51 & ) a lady & s]vants & =ty ( 8 surviv+ coloni/s sail$ = ,jame/[n1 :]e 8 reception at ! h&s ( ! c\ncil & ( 8 old ,ox=d fell[-/ud5t1 ,gov]nor ,pott1 0 n cordial4 ,he c\ld h>dly h expect$ t x w\ld be4 ,he 0 a rec5t conv]t to ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 ) a conv]t's zeal = proselyt+1 & he 0 ( ! c\rt p>ty4 ,?us he 0 9 antagonism to ! ,puritan colony bo? 9 politics & 9 religion4 ,a =midable di/urb+ elem5t he & 8 company w\ld h be5 9 ! already unquiet community4 ,! au?orities ( ! colony 7 equal to ! em]g5cy4 ,9 answ] to 8 lord%ip's ann\ncem5t ( 8 purpose to plant & dwell1 !y gave him welcome to d s on ! same t]ms ) !mselves1 & proce$$ to t5d] him ! oa? ( supremacy1 ! tak+ ( :i* 0 flatly aga9/ 8 ,roman pr9ciples4 ,baltimore sugge/$ a mitigat$ =m ( ! oa?1 :i* he 0 will+ to take2 b ! au?orities c\ld n imag9e t s mu* latitude 0 left = !m to decl9e f ! prescrib$ =m2 & 8 lord%ip sail$ back to ,engl&1 leav+ 9 ,virg9ia1 9 tok5 ( 8 int5tion to return1 8 s]vants & 8 lady1 :o1 by ! way1 0 n ! lawful wife ( ?is consci5ti\s & religi\s g5tleman4 ,return$ to ,london1 he at once set 9 motion ! p[]ful influ5ces at 8 comm& to secure a *>t] = a tract ( l& s\? ( ! ,james ,riv]1 & :5 ?is 0 defeat$ by ! en]getic opposition ( ! fri5ds ( ,virg9ia1 he succe$$ 9 secur+ a grant ( l& nor? & ea/ ( ! ,potomac1 ) a *>t] be/[+ on him & 8 heirs ! mo/ ample rights & privileges ev] conf]r$ by a sov]eign ( ,engl&4#ee3a ,! prote/ ( ,virg9ia t x 0 an invasion ( ! =m] grant to t colony 0 unavail+4 ,! free-h&$ g5]osity ) :i* ! ,/u>ts 7 9 ! habit ( giv+ away :at did n belong to !m r>ely all[$ itself to be emb>rass$ by ! fe> ( giv+ ! same ?+ twice ov] to diff]5t p>ties4 ,! fir/ ,"l ,baltimore di$ ?ree mon?s be=e ! *>t] ( ,m>yl& receiv$ ! great seal1 b 8 son ,cecilius took up ! bus9ess ) en]gy & great lib]ality ( inve/m5t4 ,! co/ ( fitt+ out ! fir/ emigration 0 e/imat$ at n less ?an =ty ?\s& p\nds4 ,! company consi/$ ( ?ree hundr$ labor+ m51 well provid$ 9 all ?+s1 head$ by ,leon>d & ,george ,calv]t1 bro!rs ( ! "l proprietor1 ) v ne> tw5ty o!r g5tlem5 ( v good fa%ion4 ,two e>ne/ ,jesuit prie/s 7 quietly add$ to ! exp$ition z x pass$ ! ,isle ( ,wight1 b 9 g5]al x 0 a ,prote/ant emigration "u ,ca?olic patronage4 ,x 0 /ipulat$ 9 ! *>t] t all liege subjects ( ! ,engli% k+ might freely transport !mselves & _! families to ,m>yl&4 ,to discrim9ate aga9/ any religi\s body 9 ,engl& w\ld h be5 = ! proprietor to limit 8 hope ( rapid colonization & rev5ue & to embroil himself ) political enemies at home4 ,8 own & 8 fa!r's intimate acqua9tance ) failure 9 ! plant+ ( ,virg9ia & ( ,newf\ndl& _h taught him :at n to d 9 su* ent]prises4 ,if ! proprietor meant to succe$ 7& he did mean to7 he 0 %ut up )\t alt]native to ! policy ( imp>tial non-int]f]5ce ) religi\s diff]5ces among 8 coloni/s1 & ! promotion ( mutual =be>ance among sects4 ,"l ,baltimore may n h be5 a pr(\nd political philosoph] nor a prophet ( ! com+ era ( religi\s lib]ty1 b he 0 an adroit c\rti]1 l 8 fa!r be=e him1 & he 0 a man ( practical good s5se engag$ 9 an enorm\s l& speculation 9 :i* 8 :ole =tune 0 emb>k$1 & he 0 n 9 ! lea/ dispos$ to all[ 8 religi\s pr$ilections to int]f]e ) bus9ess4 ,no?+ w\ld h br\ght spe$i] ru9 to 8 ent]prise ?an to h x suspect$1 z 8 enemies 7 always ready to allege1 t x 0 gov]n$ 9 ! int]e/ ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,su* a suspicion he took ! mo/ effective means ( av]t+4 ,he kept 8 promises to 8 coloni/s 9 ?is matt] 9 good fai?1 & _h 8 rew>d 9 ! notable prosp]ity ( 8 colony4#eg3a ,! two prie/s ( ! fir/ ,m>yl& company began _! "w ) *>act]i/ic e>ne/ness & dilig5ce4 ,f9d+ no imm$iate access to ! ,indians1 !y gave ! m con/ant att5tion to _! own c\ntrym51 bo? ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant1 & 7 soon able to give ?anks t by ,god's bless+ on _! labors almo/ all ! ,prote/ants ( t ye>'s arrival _h be5 conv]t$1 besides _m o!rs4 ,9 #afdj ! fir/-fruits ( _! mission "w among ! savages 7 ga!r$ 92 ! *ief ( an ,indian village on ! ,potomac ne>ly opposite ,m\nt ,v]non1 & 8 wife & *ild1 7 baptiz$ ) solemn pomp1 9 :i* ! gov]nor & secret>y ( ! colony took "p4 ,! fir/ />t ( ! ,m>yl& colony 0 ( a sort to give promise ( feuds & bord] /rifes ) ! neighbor colony ( ,virg9ia1 & ! promise 0 abundantly fulfill$4 ,! conflict ov] b\nd>y que/ions came to bloody collisions by l& & sea4 ,x is ne$less to say t religi\s diff]5ces 7 at once drawn into ! dispute4 ,! vigor\s proselytism ( ! ,jesuit fa!rs1 ! only ,*ri/ian m9i/]s 9 ! colony1 "u ! patronage ( ! "l proprietor 0 ( c\rse report$ to ,london by ! ,virg9ians2 & 9 ,decemb]1 #afda1 ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 !n on ! br9k ( op5 rupture ) ! k+1 pres5t$ a remon/rance to ,*>les at ,hampton ,c\rt1 compla9+ t he _h p]mitt$ ano!r /ate1 mold$ )9 ?is /ate1 indep5d5t 9 gov]nm5t1 contr>y 9 int]e/ & affection1 secretly corrupt+ ! ignorant or neglig5t pr(essors ( religion1 & cle>ly unit+ !mselves aga9/ su*4 ,"l ,baltimore1 p]ceiv+ t 8 prop]ty rights 7 com+ into jeop>dy1 wrote to ! too zeal\s prie/s1 w>n+ !m t !y 7 "u ,engli% law & 7 n to expect f him any m or o!r privileges1 exemptions1 or immunities = _! l&s1 p]sons1 or goods ?an is all[$ by 8 ,maje/y or (fic]s to l p]sons 9 ,engl&4 ,he annull$ ! grants ( l& made to ! mission>ies by c]ta9 ,indian *iefs1 :i* !y affect$ to hold z ! prop]ty ( _! ord]1 & confirm$ = 8 colony ! law ( mortma94 ,9 8 n unreasonable anxiety = ! t5ure ( 8 e/ate1 he w5t fur!r /ill2 he _h ! ,jesuits remov$ f ! *>ge ( ! missions1 to be replac$ by secul>s1 & only rec$$ f ?is sev]e measure :5 ! ,jesuit ord] acc$$ to 8 t]ms4 ,! pi\s & v5]able ,fa!r ,:ite records 9 8 j\rnal t occasion ( suff]+ has n be5 want+ f ^? f :om r x 0 prop] to expect aid & protection1 :o1 too int5t ^u _! own affairs1 h n fe>$ to violate ! immunities ( ! *ur*4#ei3a ,b ! zeal ( ! ,calv]ts = religi\s lib]ty & equality 0 manife/$ n only by curb+ ! ,jesuits1 b by enc\rag+ _! mo/ /r5u\s oppon5ts4 ,x 0 9 ! ye> #afdc1 :5 ! /r5g? ( ,puritanism bo? 9 ,engl& & 9 ,new ,engl& 0 prov$1 t ! ,calv]ts made ov]tures1 al?\gh 9 va91 to secure an immigration f ,massa*usetts4 ,a few ye>s lat] ! opportunity occurr$ ( /r5g!n+ _! own colony ) an accession ( ,puritans1 & at ! same "t ( weak5+ ,virg9ia4 ,! /urdy & prosp]\s ,puritan colony on ! ,nansemond ,riv] 7 driv5 by ! *urli% behavior ( ,gov]nor ,b]keley to seek a m cong5ial resid5ce1 & 7 induc$ to settle on ! ,sev]n at a place :i* !y call$ ,provid5ce1 b :i* 0 de/9$1 "u ! "n ( ,annapolis1 to become ! capital ( ! future ,/ate4 ,x 0 manife/ly n m]ely a co9cid5ce t ,"l ,baltimore appo9t$ a ,prote/ant gov]nor1 ,william ,/one1 & comm5d$ to ! ,m>yl& ,assembly1 9 #afdi1 ! enact+ ( an ,act conc]n+ ,religion1 drawn ^u ! l9es ( ! ,ord9ance ( ,tol]ation adopt$ by ! ,puritan ,h\se ( ,commons at ! height ( its au?ority1 9 #afdg4ei3b ,h[ pot5t 0 ! influ5ce ( ?is transplant$ ,nansemond *ur* is l>gely %[n 9 ! ev5tful civil hi/ory ( ! colony4 ,:51 9 #afee1 ! "l proprietor's gov]nor 0 s imprud5t z to set an arm$ =ce 9 ! field1 "u ! colors ( ,"l ,baltimore1 9 opposition to ! p>liam5t>y commission]s1 x 0 ! plant]s ( ! ,sev]n :o m>*$ "u ! flag ( ! commonweal? ( ,engl&1 & put !m to r\t1 & execut$ "s ( _! lead]s = treason4 ,:5 at la/ articles ( agreem5t 7 sign$ betwe5 ! commission]s & ,"l ,baltimore1 "o ( ! conditions exact$ f 8 lord%ip 0 a pl$ge t he w\ld nev] cons5t to ! repeal ( ! ,act ( ,tol]ation adopt$ 9 #afdi "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,puritan colony & its pa/or1 ,?omas ,h>rison4 ,9 ! turbul5ce ( ! colony dur+ & aft] ! civil w>s ( ,engl&1 !re becomes m & m manife/ a gr[+ _s ( fanaticism1 especially 9 ! =m ( antipop]y crusad+4 ,:ile ,jacobite intrigues or w>s ) ,france 7 9 progress x 0 easy = demagogues to ca/ ^u ! ,ca?olics ! suspicion ( disloyalty & ( complicity ) ! public enemy4 ,! num]ical unimportance ( ! ,ca?olics ( ,m>yl& 0 insuffici5t to gu>d !m f su* suspicions2 = x _h soon become obvi\s t ! colony ( ! ,ca?olic "l 0 to be any?+ b a ,ca?olic colony4 ,! ,jesuit mission _h langui%$2 ! progress ( settlem5t1 & :at !re _h be5 ( religi\s life & tea*+1 _h br\ght no /r5g? to ! ,ca?olic cause4 ,9 #afgf a ,*ur* ( ,engl& m9i/]1 ,john ,yeo1 writes to ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury ( ! crav+ lack ( m9i/]s1 except+ among ! ,ca?olics & ! ,quak]s1 n d\bt+ b 8 ,grace may s prevail ) ,"l ,baltimore t a ma9t5ance = a ,prote/ant m9i/ry may be e/abli%$4 ,! ,bi%op ( ,london1 e*o+ ?is compla9t1 speaks ( ! total want ( m9i/]s & div9e wor%ip1 except among ^? ( ! ,romi% belief1 :o1 'tis conjectur$1 does n am\nt to "o ( a hundr$ ( ! p4 ,to :i* 8 lord%ip replies t all sects are tol]at$ & protect$1 b t x w\ld be impossible to induce ! ,assembly to cons5t to a law t %all oblige any sect to ma9ta9 o!r m9i/]s ?an its own4 ,! bi%op's figures 7 d\btless at fault2 b ,"l ,baltimore himself writes t ! noncon=mi/s outnumb] ! ,ca?olics & ^? ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& toge!r ab\t ?ree to "o1 & t ! *ur*m5 are mu* m num]\s ?an ! ,ca?olics4 ,aft] ! ,revolution ( #afhh x is n /range t a l movem5t 0 set on foot 9 ,m>yl&4 ,! b5efic5t despotism ( ! ,calv]ts1 not)/&+ e concession on _! "p1 0 end$ = ! "t by ! ef=ts ( an ,association = ! ,def5se ( ! ,prote/ant ,religion1 & ,m>yl& became a royal colony4 ,"u ! new regime x 0 easi] to inflict annoyances & disabilities on ! petty m9ority ( ! ,roman ,ca?olics ?an to conf] ! privileges ( an e/abli%$ *ur* on ! h>dly m consid]able m9ority ( ,episcopalians4 ,! ,*ur* ( ,engl& became 9 "n ! (ficial *ur* ( ! colony1 b two p>ties s remotely unlike z ! ,ca?olics & ! ,quak]s comb9$ successfully to defeat m s]i\s encroa*m5ts on religi\s lib]ty4 ,! attempt to ma9ta9 ! *ur* ( a small m9ority by taxes extort$ by a =eign gov]nm5t f ! :ole p _h ! same effect 9 ,m>yl& z 9 ,irel&3 x t5d$ to make bo? *ur* & gov]nm5t odi\s4 ,! ef=ts ( ,dr4 ,?omas ,bray1 commiss>y ( ! ,bi%op ( ,london1 a man ( true apo/olic f]vor1 accompli%$ little 9 )/&+ ! d[nw>d t5d5cy ( ! prov9cial e/abli%m5t4 ,! demoraliz$ & undiscipl9$ cl]gy resi/$ ! attempt ( ! prov9cial gov]nm5t to abate ! sc&al ( _! lives1 & ! p resi/$ ! attempt to introduce a bi%op4 ,! body ?us set be=e ! p z ! (ficial repres5tative ( ! religion ( ,*ri/ 0 p]haps z contemptible an ecclesia/ical organization z hi/ory c %[1 hav+ all ! vices ( ! ,virg9ian *ur*1 )\t "o ( its safegu>ds or r$eem+ qualities4#fb3a ,! mo/ hopeful sign 9 ! morn+ sky ( ! eighte5? c5tury 0 to be f\nd 9 ! gr[? ( ! ,society ( ,fri5ds & ! swell+ ( ! curr5t ( ! ,scot*-,iri% immigration4 ,& yet we %all h pro( t ! life-"w ( ,commiss>y ,bray1 al?\gh he w5t back disc\rag$ f 8 labors 9 ,m>yl& & al?\gh ?is colony took little direct b5efit f 8 ef=ts 9 ,engl&1 0 de/9$ to h great results 9 ! advancem5t ( ! k+dom ( ,*ri/ 9 ,am]ica2 = he 0 ! f\nd] ( ! ,society = ! ,propagation ( ! ,gospel 9 ,=eign ,p>ts4 ,! ,c>ol9as1 ,nor? & ,s\?1 _h be5 ! sc5e ( ! e>lie/ attempts at ,prote/ant colonization 9 ,am]ica4 ,! ,hugu5ot ent]prise at ,beau=t1 on ,port ,royal h>bor1 0 plant$ 9 #aefb "u ! auspices ( ,coligny1 & came to a spe$y & unhappy end4 ,! co/ly & disa/r\s exp]im5t ( ,sir ,walt] ,raleigh 0 begun 9 #aehd on ,roanoke ,isl&1 & la/$ n _m mon?s4 ,b ! actual occupation ( ! region 0 late & sl[4 ,:51 aft] ! ,re/oration1 ,*>les ,,ii4 took up ! idea ( pay+ 8 political debts ) free & easy cessions ( ,am]ican l&s1 ,cl>5don1 ,albem>le1 & ,%aftesbury 7 among ! fir/ & luckie/ 9 ! scramble4 ,:5 ! repres5tatives ( !mselves & _! p>tn]s arriv$ 9 ,c>ol9a 9 #afgj1 br++ ) !m t pomp\s & prepo/]\s ana*ronism1 ! ,fundam5tal ,con/itutions1 contriv$ by ! comb9$ wisdom ( ,%aftesbury & ,john ,locke to impose a feudal gov]nm5t ^u an imm5se doma9 ( wild]ness1 !y f\nd ! gr\nd already occupi$ ) a scanty & curi\sly mix$ population1 :i* _h tak5 on a simple =m ( polity & 0 gr[+ into a /ate4 ,! region adjo9+ ,virg9ia 0 peopl$ by ,puritans f ! ,nansemond c\ntry1 vex$ ) ! paltry p]secutions ( ,gov]nor ,b]keley1 & lat] by fugitives f ! bloody rev5ge :i* he delight$ to inflict on ^? :o _h be5 involv$ 9 ! righte\s rebellion l$ by ,na?aniel ,bacon4 ,^! _h be5 jo9$ by insolv5t debtors n a few4 ,adv5tur]s f ,new ,engl& settl$ on ! ,cape ,fe> ,riv] = a lumb] trade1 & kept ! v>i\s plantations 9 communication ) ! re/ ( ! _w by _! coa/+ craft ply+ to ,bo/on4 ,dissatisfi$ companies f ,b>badoes seek+ a less torrid climate next arriv$4 ,?us ! region 0 settl$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance at second h& f old] colonies4 ,to ^! came settl]s direct f ,engl&1 su* emigrants z ! proprietors c\ld p]suade to ! und]tak+1 & su* z 7 impell$ by ! evil /ate ( ,engl& 9 ! la/ days ( ! ,/u>ts1 or drawn by ! promise ( religi\s lib]ty4 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 on ! o!r h&1 0 settl$ direct f ,europe1 fir/ by c>goes ( emigrants %ipp$ on speculation by ! great real-e/ate op]ators :o _h at he>t n only ! creation ( a gorge\s ari/ocracy 9 ! ,we/1 b also ! realization ( fat divid5ds on _! heavy v5tures4 ,memb]s ( ! dom9ant politico-religi\s p>ty 9 ,engl& 7 attract$ to a c\ntry 9 :i* !y 7 /ill to be reg>d$ be=e ! law z ( ! only true & or?odox *ur*2 & religi\s diss5t]s gladly accept$ ! (f] ( tol]ation & fre$om1 ev5 )\t ! assurance ( equality4 ,"o ( ! mo/ notable contributions to ! new colony 0 a company ( diss5t]s f ,som]set%ire1 l$ by ,joseph ,blake1 bro!r to ,cromwell's illu/ri\s admiral4 ,among ^! 7 "s ( ! e>lie/ ,am]ican ,bapti/s2 & !re is cle> evid5ce ( connection betwe5 _! arrival & ! com+1 9 #afhd1 ( a ,bapti/ *ur* f ! ,massa*usetts ,colony1 "u ! pa/orate ( ,william ,screv54 ,?is plant+ 0 de/9$ to h an important influ5ce bo? on ! religi\s & on ! civil hi/ory ( ! colony4 ,v e>ly !re came two %ip-loads ( ,dut* ,calv9i/s f ,new ,york1 dissatisfi$ ) ! dom9e]+ ( _! ,engli% victors4 ,b m important ?an ! re/ 0 t sudd5 outfl[ ( ,fr5* ,hugu5ots1 repres5t+ n only religi\s fidelity & devotion1 b all ^? p]sonal & social virtues t mo/ /r5g!n ! f\ndations ( a /ate1 :i* set we/w>d ^u ! revocation ( ! ,edict ( ,nantes 9 #afhe4 ,?is1 ) ! lat] influx ( ! ,scot*-,iri%1 pr(\ndly m>k$ ! "* ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a4 ,! great names 9 h] hi/ory are g5]ally ei!r ,fr5* or ,scot*4 ,x ought to h be5 pla9 to ! proprietors1 9 _! mon/r\s conceit ( political wisdom1 t communities s con/itut$ %\ld h be5 ! la/ on :i* to impose ! uni=mity ( an e/abli%$ *ur*4 ,john ,locke did see ?is1 b 0 ov]rul$4 ,! ,*ur* ( ,engl& 0 e/abli%$ 9 "n1 b = long ye>s _h only ?is %ad[ ( exi/5ce4 ,we ne$ n1 h[ev]1 inf] f ! abs5ce ( organiz$ *ur* & (ficial cl]gy among ! rude & turbul5t pione]s ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a t ! k+dom ( ,god 0 n among !m1 ev5 f ! beg9n+4 ,b n until ! ye> #afgb d we f9d manife/ation ( x su* z hi/ory c recognize4 ,9 t ye> came ,william ,edmundson1 ! voice ( "o cry+ 9 ! wild]ness1 br++ 8 te/imony ( ! light t lighte? e man t come? into ! _w4 ,! hone/ man1 :o _h n ?\ght x reasonable 9 ! ,*ri/ians ( ,massa*usetts to be (f5d$ at "o's sitt+ 9 ! /eeple-h\se ) 8 hat on1 f\nd x an evid5ce t !y _h little or no religion :5 ! r\gh woodsm5 ( ,c>ol9a beguil$ ! sil5t mom5ts ( ! ,fri5ds' devotions by smok+ _! pipes2 & yet he decl>es t he f\nd !m a t5d] p4 ,conv]ts 7 won to ! society1 & a qu>t]ly meet+ 0 e/abli%$4 ,)9 a few mon?s foll[$ ,george ,fox1 utt]+ 8 deep convictions 9 a voice ( s+ul> p]suasiv5ess & p[]1 t rea*$ ! he>ts ( bo? high & l[4 ,& he too decl>$ t he _h f\nd ! p g5]ally t5d] & op51 & rejoic$ to h made among !m a little entrance = tru?4 ,! *ur* ( ,*ri/ _h be5 begun4 ,z yet !re _h be5 nei!r baptism nor sacram5tal supp]2 ^! outw>d & visible signs 7 abs5t2 b inw>d & spiritual grace 0 !re1 & ! ?+ signifi$ is great] ?an ! sign4 ,! influ5ce diffus$ itself l leav54 ,)9 a decade ! society 0 ext5d$ ?r\gh bo? ! ,c>ol9as & became ! pr9cipal =m ( organiz$ ,*ri/ianity4 ,x 0 reckon$ 9 #agaj to include "o sev5? ( ! population ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a4#fe3a ,! attempt ( a =eign propriet>y gov]nm5t to e/abli% by law ! *ur* ( an inconsid]able & n preem95tly respectable m9ority _h little effect except to exasp]ate & ali5ate ! settl]s4 ,d[n to ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury ! (ficial *ur* 9 ,nor? ,c>ol9a gave no sign ( life4 ,9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a almo/ tw5ty ye>s pass$ be=e x 0 repres5t$ by a s+le cl]gyman4 ,! fir/ manife/ation ( *ur* life seems to h be5 9 ! meet+s on ! banks ( ! ,coop] & ! ,santee1 9 :i* ! ,fr5* refugees wor%ip$ _! fa!rs' ,god ) ! psalms ( ,m>ot & ,beza4 ,b ) ! eighte5? c5tury beg9s a bett] era = ! ,engli% *ur* 9 ! ,c>ol9as4 ,! /ory ( ! f\nd+ & ! "w ( ! ,society = ! ,propagation ( ! ,gospel 9 ,=eign ,p>ts1 tak5 9 connection ) its antec$5ts & its results1 belongs to ?is hi/ory1 n only z %[+ ! influ5ce ( ,european ,*ri/ianity ^u ,am]ica1 b also z indicat+ ! reaction ( ,am]ica ^u ,europe4 ,9 an important s5se ! organization ( religi\s societies :i* is *>act]i/ic ( mod]n ,*ri/5dom is ( ,am]ican orig94 ,! labors ( ,john ,eliot among ! ,indians ( ,new ,engl& /irr$ s deep an int]e/ 9 ! he>ts ( ,engli% ,*ri/ians t 9 #afdi an ord9ance 0 pass$ by ! ,long ,p>liam5t creat+ a corporation to be call$ ,! ,presid5t & ,society = ! ,propagation ( ! ,gospel 9 ,new ,engl&2 & a g5]al collection made "u ,cromwell's direction produc$ ne>ly twelve ?\s& p\nds1 f ! income ( :i* mission>ies 7 ma9ta9$ among "s ( ! ,nor!rn tribes ( ,indians4 ,) ! d[nfall ( ! ,commonweal? ! corporation became defunct2 b ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ! sa9tly ,ri*>d ,baxt]1 ^: t5d] int]e/ 9 ! "w ( ,eliot is witness$ by a t\*+ passage 9 8 writ+s1 ! *>t] 0 reviv$ 9 #affb1 ) ,rob]t ,boyle = presid5t & patron4 ,x 0 l>gely ?r\gh 8 g5]osity t ,eliot 0 enabl$ to publi% 8 ,indian ,bible4 ,?is society1 ,! ,new ,engl& ,company1 z x is call$1 is /ill extant--! olde/ ( ,prote/ant mission>y societies4#ff3a ,x is to t ,dr4 ,?omas ,bray :o return$ 9 #agjj to ,engl& f 8 ?ankless & disc\rag+ "w z commiss>y 9 ,m>yl& ( ! ,bi%op ( ,london1 t ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& owes a l>ge debt ( gratitude = hav+ tak5 away ! reproa* ( h] b>r5ness4 ,already 8 zeal _h laid ! f\ndations on :i* 0 re>$ ! ,society = ! ,promotion ( ,*ri/ian ,k4 ,9 #agja he _h ! satisfaction ( att5d+ ! fir/ meet+ ( ! ,society = ! ,propagation ( ! ,gospel 9 ,=eign ,p>ts1 :i* = ne>ly ?ree qu>t]s ( a c5tury1 sometimes 9 ! _s ( a n>r[ sect>ianism1 b n seldom 9 a m excell5t way1 devot$ its ma9 /r5g? to missions 9 ! ,am]ican colonies4 ,its mission>ies1 m5 ( a f> diff]5t "* f ! mis]able incumb5ts ( p>i%es 9 ,m>yl& & ,virg9ia1 7 among ! fir/ prea*]s ( ! gospel 9 ! ,c>ol9as4 ,)9 ! ye>s #agjb-dj !re s]v$ "u ! commission ( ?is society 9 ,nor? ,c>ol9a n9e mission>ies1 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a ?irty-five4#fg3a ,b ! zeal ( ^! good m5 0 sorely encumb]$ ) ! armor ( ,saul4 ,too mu* favorable legislation & patroniz+ f a =eign propriet>y gov]nm5t1 too arrogant a tone ( sup]iority on ! "p ( (ficial fri5ds1 attempts to en=ce con=mity by impos+ disabilities on o!r sects--^! 7 among ! *ief occasions ( ! cont9ual collision betwe5 ! p & ! colonial gov]nm5ts1 :i* culm9at$ 9 ! /ruggle = indep5d5ce4 ,by ! "t t /ruggle began ! e/abli%$ *ur* 9 ! ,c>ol9as 0 ready to vani% away4 ,,footnotes3 #ee3a ,w4 ,h4 ,br[ne1 ,m>yl& 79 ,am]ican ,commonweal?s71 p4 #ah4 #eg3a ,?is seems to be ! :ole explanation ( ! curi\s p>adox t ! fir/ exp]im5t ( religi\s lib]ty & equality be=e ! law among all ,*ri/ian sects %\ld h be5 made app>5tly "u ! auspices ( t d5om9ation :i* alone at ! pres5t day cont9ues to ma9ta9 9 !ory t x is ! duty ( civil gov]nm5t to en=ce s\nd doctr9e by pa9s & p5alties4 ,we w\ld n grudge ! ample/ recognition ( ,"l ,baltimore's fai? or magnanimity or political wisdom2 b we h fail$ to f9d evid5ce ( 8 ris+ above ! plane ( ! sm>t real-e/ate speculator1 will+ to be all ?+s to all m51 if s he might realize on 8 inve/m5ts4 ,happily1 he 0 cle>-sight$ en\gh to p]ceive t 8 own int]e/ 0 involv$ 9 ! lib]ty1 cont5tm5t1 & prosp]ity ( 8 coloni/s4 ,mr4 ,e4 ,d4 ,neill1 :o has excell$ o!r writ]s 9 pati5t & exact /udy ( ! orig9al s\rces ( ?is "p ( colonial hi/ory1 *>act]izes ,cecilius1 second ,"l ,baltimore1 z "o ^: :ole life 0 pass$ 9 self-aggr&izem5t1 fir/ des]t+ ,fa!r ,:ite1 !n ,*>les ,i41 & mak+ fri5ds ( ,puritans & republicans to secure ! r5tals ( ! prov9ce ( ,m>yl&1 & nev] contribut+ a p5ny = a *ur* or s*ool-h\se 7,engli% ,colonization ( ,am]ica1 p4 #beh74 #ei3a ,br[ne1 pp4 #ed-eg2 ,neill1 op4 cit41 pp4 #bgj-bgd4 #ei3b ,! act ( ,p>liam5t provid$ full religi\s lib]ty = diss5t]s f ! e/abli%$ ord]1 save only s z no?+ be done by !m to ! di/urbance ( ! peace ( ! k+dom4 #fb3a ,h4 ,c4 ,lodge1 ,briti% ,colonies 9 ,am]ica1 pp4 #aai-abd1 ) au?orities cit$4 ,! sev]e *>act]ization seems to be su/a9$ by ! evid5ce4 #fe3a ,tiffany1 ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 p4 #bcg4 #ff3a ,dige/ ( ,s4 ,p4 ,g4 ,records1 pp4 #b1 #c2 ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1 vol4 xvi41 p4 #ead4 #fg3a ,dige/ ( ,s4 ,p4 ,g4 ,records1 pp4 #hdi1 #hej4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,dut* ,,calv9i/ ,,colony ,,on ,,! ,,hudson ,,& ,,! ,,sw$i% ,,lu!ran ,,colony ,,on ,,! ,,delaw>e--,,!y ,,bo? ,,fall ,,"u ,,! ,,%ad[ ,,( ,,great ,,brita94 ,:5 ! ,engli%man ,h5ry ,hudson1 9 ! ,dut* ,ea/ ,india ,company's %ip1 ! ,half-moon1 9 ,septemb]1 #afji1 sail$ up ! ,riv] ( ,m\nta9s z f> z ! site ( ,albany1 look+ = ! nor?we/ passage to ,*9a1 ! ,engli% settlem5t at ,jame/[n 0 9 ! ?ird ye> ( its half-p]i%+ exi/5ce4 ,m ?an ?irte5 ye>s 7 yet to pass be=e ! ,pilgrims f ,engl& by way ( ,holl& %\ld make _! l&+ on ,plym\? ,rock4 ,b we are n at lib]ty to assign s e>ly a date to ! ,dut* settlem5t ( ,new ,york1 & /ill less to ! *ur*4 ,!re 0 a prompt rea*+ out1 on ! "p ( ! imm5sely ent]pris+ ,dut* m]*ants1 aft] ! lucrative trade 9 peltries2 !re 0 a ply+ to & fro ( trad+-vessels1 & !re 7 trad+-po/s e/abli%$ on ,manhattan ,isl& & at ! head ( navigation on ! ,hudson1 or ,nor? ,riv]1 & on ! ,s\? ,riv]1 or ,delaw>e4 ,n until ! great ,dut* ,we/ ,india ,company _h secur$ its monopoly ( trade & p]fect$ its organization1 9 #afbc1 0 !re a beg9n+ ( colonization4 ,9 t ye> a company ( ,walloons1 or ,fr5*-speak+ ,holl&]s1 0 plant$ ne> ,albany1 & lat] arrivals 7 settl$ on ! ,delaw>e1 on ,long ,isl&1 & on ,manhattan4 ,at l5g?1 9 #afbf1 came ,pet] ,m9uit ) an ample commission f ! all-p[]ful ,company1 :o organiz$ some?+ l a sy/em ( civil gov]nm5t compreh5d+ all ! settlem5ts4 ,evid5ces ( prosp]ity & gr[+ weal? began to multiply4 ,b "o is impress$ ) ! m]ely secul> & comm]cial "* ( ! ent]prise & ) ! t>dy & feeble signs ( religi\s life 9 ! colony4 ,9 #afbf1 :5 ! settlem5t ( ,manhattan _h gr[n to a village ( ?irty h\ses & two hundr$ s\ls1 !re arriv$ two (ficial sick-visitors1 :o und]took "s ( ! public duties ( a pa/or4 ,on ,sundays1 9 ! l(t ov] ! horse-mill1 !y w\ld read f ! ,scriptures & ! cre$s4 ,& two ye>s lat]1 9 #afbh1 ! village1 numb]+ n[ ab\t two hundr$ & sev5ty s\ls1 gave a grateful welcome to ,jonas ,mi*aelius1 m9i/] ( ! gospel4 ,he rejoic$ to ga!r no less ?an fifty communicants at ! fir/ celebration ( ! ,"l's ,supp]1 & to organize !m into a *ur* accord+ to ! ,re=m$ discipl9e4 ,! two eld]s 7 ! gov]nor & ! ,company's /orekeep]1 m5 ( hone/ report :o _h s]v$ 9 l functions 9 *ur*es ( ! fa!rl&4 ,! records ( ?is p]iod are scanty2 ! v fact ( ?is beg9n+ ( a *ur* & ! pres5ce ( a m9i/] 9 ! colony _h fad$ out ( hi/ory until re/or$ by ! rec5t discov]y ( a lett] ( ! =gott5 ,mi*aelius4#fi3a ,! sagaci\s m5 9 control ( ! ,dut* ,we/ ,india ,company 7 quick to recognize t weakness 9 _! ent]prise :i* 9 ! spl5did colonial attempt ( ! ,fr5* prov$ ultimately to be fatal4 ,_! settlem5ts 7 almo/ exclusively devot$ to ! lucrative trade ) ! ,indians & 7 n tak+ root 9 ! soil4 ,) all its advantages1 ! ,dut* colony c\ld n compete ) ,new ,engl&4#gj3a ,to meet ?is difficulty an exp$i5t 0 adopt$ :i* 0 n long 9 beg9n+ to plague ! inv5tors4 ,a va/ tract ( t]ritory1 ) feudal rights & privileges1 0 (f]$ to any man settl+ a colony ( fifty p]sons4 ,! disputes :i* soon arose betwe5 ^! p[]ful vassals & ! sov]eign ,company _h = "o effect ! recall ( ,pet] ,m9uit f 8 position ( gov]nor4 ,nev] aga9 0 ! unlucky colony to h s compet5t & wor?y a head z ?is disc>d$ eld] ( ! *ur*4 ,nev]!less ! s*eme 0 n altoge!r a failure4 ,9 #afcc arriv$ a new pa/or1 ,ev]>d ,bog>dus1 9 ! same %ip ) a s*oolma/]--! fir/ 9 ! colony--& ! new gov]nor1 ,van ,twill]4 ,! gov]nor 0 incompet5t & corrupt1 & ! m9i/] 0 fai?ful & pla9-spok52 :at c\ld result b conflict8 ,dur+ ,van ,twill]'s five ye>s ( mismanagem5t1 nev]!less1 ! *ur* em]g$ f ! mill-l(t & 0 in/all$ 9 a b>n-l meet+-h\se ( wood4 ,dur+ ! equally wret*$ adm9i/ration ( ,kieft1 ! gov]nor1 li/5+ to ! reproa*es ( a gue/1 :o quot$ ! example ( ,new ,engl&1 :]e ! p 7 wont to build a f9e *ur* z soon z !y _h h\ses = !mselves1 0 incit$ to build a /one *ur* )9 ! =t4 ,!re seems to h be5 little else t he did = ! k+dom ( heav54 ,pa/or ,bog>dus is entitl$ to ! respect ( lat] ages = ! *ronic qu>rel t he kept up ) ! wor?less repres5tatives ( ! ,company4 ,at l5g? 8 righte\s rebuke ( an atroci\sly wick$ massacre ( neighbor+ ,indians p]petrat$ by ,kieft br\ght matt]s to a head4 ,! two antagoni/s sail$ 9 ! same %ip1 9 #afdg1 to lay _! dispute be=e ! au?orities 9 ,holl&1 ! ,company & ! classis4 ,! case w5t to a high] c\rt4 ,! %ip 0 ca/ away & bo? ! p>ties 7 dr[n$4 ,mean:ile ! patroon ,van ,r5ssela]1 on 8 great manor ne> ,albany1 %[$ "s s5se ( 8 duty to ! s\ls ( ! p :om he _h br\ght out into ! wild]ness4 ,he built a *ur* & put into ! pa/oral *>ge ov] 8 subjects "o :o1 "u 8 trave/i$ "n ( ,megapol5sis1 has obta9$ a good report z a fai?ful m9i/] ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,x 0 he :o sav$ ,fa!r ,jogues1 ! ,jesuit mission>y1 f imm95t torture & dea? among ! ,mohawks1 & befri5d$ him1 & saw him safely (f = ,europe4 ,?is is "o honorable in/ance1 out ( n a few1 ( p]sonal respect & k9dness %[n to memb]s ( ! ,roman cl]gy & ! ,jesuit society by m5 :o held ^! organizations 9 ! sev]e/ reprobation4 ,to 8 ,jesuit bro!r he 0 drawn by a peculi>ly /rong bond ( fell[%ip1 = ! two 7 fell[-labor]s 9 ! gospel to ! r$ m54 ,= ,dom9e ,megapol5sis is claim$#ga3a ! high honor ( be+ ! fir/ ,prote/ant mission>y to ! ,indians4 ,9 #afdg1 to ! joy ( all ! coloni/s1 arriv$ a new gov]nor1 ,pet] ,/uyvesant1 n too late to save f utt] ru9 ! colony t _h suff]$ ev]y?+ %ort ( ru9 f ! incompet5cy & wick$ness ( ,kieft4 ,ab\t ! "t t immigration into ,new ,engl& ceas$ ) ! triumph ( ! ,puritan p>ty 9 ,engl&1 !re began to be a di/9ct curr5t ( population sett+ t[>d ! ,hudson ,riv] colony4 ,! ,we/ ,india ,company _h be5 among ! fir/ ( ! speculators 9 ,am]ican l&s to discov] t a sy/em ( n>r[ monopoly is n ! be/ nurse = a colony2 too late to save itself f ultimate bankruptcy1 x remov$ "s ( ! b>ri]s ( trade1 & at once population began to fl[ 9 f o!r colonies1 ,virg9ia & ,new ,engl&4 ,besides ^? :o 7 attract$ by ! great bus9ess advantages ( ! ,dut* colony1 !re came "s f ,massa*usetts1 driv5 !nce by ! policy ( exclusiv5ess 9 religi\s op9ion delib]ately adopt$ !re4 ,ord9ances 7 set =? assur+ to sev]al su* companies lib]ty ( consci5ce1 accord+ to ! cu/om & mann] ( ,holl&4 ,gr[+ prosp]\sly 9 numb]s1 ! colony grew 9 t cosmopolitan div]sity ( sects & races :i* w5t on increas+ ) its ye>s4 ,z e>ly z #afdd ,fa!r ,jogues 0 told by ! gov]nor t !re 7 p]sons ( eighte5 diff]5t languages at ,manhattan1 includ+ ,calv9i/s1 ,ca?olics1 ,engli% ,puritans1 ,lu!rans1 ,anabapti/s 7"h call$ ,m5noni/s71 etc4 ,no jeal\sy seems to h aris5 ov] ?is multiplication ( sects until1 9 #afeb1 ! ,dut* ,lu!rans1 :o _h be5 att5dants at ! ,dut* ,re=m$ ,*ur*1 pres5t$ a respectful petition t !y might be p]mitt$ to h _! own pa/or & *ur*4 ,d5i$ by ,gov]nor ,/uyvesant1 ! reque/ 0 pres5t$ to ! ,company & to ! ,/ates-,g5]al4 ,! two ,re=m$ pa/ors us$ ! mo/ /r5u\s endeavors ?r\gh ! classis ( ,am/]dam to defeat ! petition1 "u ! fe> t ! concession ( ?is privilege w\ld t5d to ! dim9ution ( _! congregation4 ,?is resi/ance 0 successfully ma9ta9$ until at la/ ! petition]s 7 able to obta9 f ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,duke ( ,york ! religi\s fre$om :i* ,dut* ,calv9ism _h fail$ to give !m4 ,/>t$ ?us 9 ! wrong direction1 x 0 easy = ! colonial gov]nm5t to g f bad to worse4 ,at a "t :5 ! entire =ce ( ,dut* cl]gy 9 ! colony numb]$ only f\r1 !y 7 mo/ unapo/olically zeal\s to prev5t any good f be+ done by unau?oriz$ conv5ticles & ! prea*+ ( unqualifi$ p]sons1 & procur$ ! pass+ ( an ord9ance =bidd+ ^! "u p5alty ( f9e & imprisonm5t4 ,! mild remon/rances ( ! ,company1 :i* 0 eag] to get settl]s )\t nice inquiries z to _! religi\s op9ions1 _h little effect to re/ra9 ! ent]pris+ or?odoxy ( ,pet] ,/uyvesant4 ,! activity ( ! ,quak]s among ! ,long ,isl& t[ns /irr$ him to new en]gy4 ,n only visit+ mission>ies1 b quiet dwell]s at home1 7 subject$ to sev]e & ignom9i\s puni%m5ts4 ,! p]secution 0 kept up until "o ( ! bani%$ ,fri5ds1 ,john ,b[ne1 rea*$ ,am/]dam & laid ! case be=e ! ,company4 ,?is enlight5$ body promptly %ort5$ ! days ( tribulation by a lett] to ! sup]s]viceable ,/uyvesant1 conceiv$ 9 a mo/ comm]cial _s4 ,x sugge/$ to him t x 0 d\btful :e!r fur!r p]secution 0 exp$i5t1 unless x 0 desir$ to *eck ! gr[? ( population1 :i* at t /age ( ! ent]prise ought r to be enc\rag$4 ,no man1 !y said1 ought to be mole/$ s long z he di/urb$ nei!r 8 neighbors nor ! gov]nm5t4 ,?is maxim has always be5 ! guide ( ! magi/rates ( ?is city1 & ! consequ5ce has be5 t f e l& p h flock$ to ?is asylum4 ,tread ?us 9 _! /eps1 & we d\bt n y w be bless$4 ,! /ew>d%ip ( ! int]e/s ( ! k+dom ( ,*ri/ 9 ! ,new ,ne!rl&s 0 ab\t to be tak5 away f ! ,dut* ,we/ ,india ,company & ! classis ( ,am/]dam4 ,x w h>dly be claim$ by any t ! acc\nt ( _! /ew>d%ip 0 a glori\s "o4 ,! supply ( m9i/]s ( ! gospel _h be5 t>dy1 incon/ant1 & scanty4 ,at ! "t :5 ! ,dut* m9i/]s 7 mo/ active 9 h9d]+ ! "w ( o!rs1 !re 7 only f\r ( !mselves 9 a va/ t]ritory ) a rapidly increas+ population4 ,! cle>e/ sign ( spiritual life 9 ! fir/ g5]ation ( ! colony is to be f\nd 9 ! righte\s qu>rel ( ,dom9e ,bog>dus ) ! malignant ,kieft1 & ! l>ge ,*ri/ian bro!rly k9dness1 ! labori\s mission "w among ! ,indians1 & ! long-su/a9$ pa/oral fai?fulness ( ,dom9e ,megapol5sis4 ,d\btless !re is a record 9 heav5 ( fai?ful liv+ & s]v+ ( _m true disciples among ?is p1 ^: names are unkn[n on e>?2 b 9 writ+ hi/ory x is only ) e>?ly memorials t we h to d4 ,! records ( ! ,dut* regime pres5t few indications ( su* religi\s activity on ! "p ( ! coloni/s z w\ld %[ t !y reg>d$ religion o!rwise ?an z some?+ to be import$ f ,holl& at ! exp5se ( ! ,company4 ,a /udi\s & elegant writ]1 ,mr4 ,d\glas ,campbell1 has pres5t$ 9 two ample & int]e/+ volumes#gd3a ! evid5ce 9 favor ( 8 !sis t ! *>act]i/ic in/itutions e/abli%$ by ! ,puritans 9 ,new ,engl& 7 d]iv$1 directly or indirectly1 n f ,engl&1 b f ,holl&4 ,"o ( ! grave/ answ]s to an argum5t :i* conta9s s mu* to comm& respect is f\nd 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,new ,ne!rl&s4 ,9 ! e>ly records ( no "o ( ! ,am]ican colonies is !re less manife/ation ( ! ,puritan *>act]i/ics ?an 9 ! records ( ! colony t 0 absolutely & exclusively "u ,dut* control & made up *iefly ( ,dut* settl]s4 ,n9ete5 ye>s f ! beg9n+ ( ! colony !re 0 only "o *ur* 9 ! :ole ext5t ( x2 at ! end ( ?irty ye>s !re 7 only two *ur*es4 ,aft] t5 ye>s ( settlem5t ! fir/ s*oolma/] arriv$2 & aft] ?irty-six ye>s a ,lat9 s*ool 0 begun1 = want ( :i* up to t "t "y m5 seek+ a classical education _h _h to g to ,bo/on = x4 ,9 no colony does !re appe> less ( local self-gov]nm5t or ( c5tral repres5tative gov]nm5t1 less ( civil lib]ty1 or ev5 ( ! aspiration = x4 ,! contra/ betwe5 ! "* ( ?is colony & ! h]oic antec$5ts ( ! ,dut* 9 ,holl& is a/oni%+ & inexplicable4 ,! sordid gov]nm5t ( a trad+ corporation d\btless t5d$ to depress ! moral tone ( ! community1 b ?is 0 an evil common to _m ( ! colonies4 ,ord9ances1 frequ5tly r5ew$1 = ! prev5tion ( disord] & brawl+ on ,sunday & = re/rict+ ! sale ( /rong dr9ks1 %[ h[ preval5t & ob/9ate 7 ^! evils4 ,9 #afdh x is boldly ass]t$ 9 ! preamble to a new law t "o f\r? ( ! h\ses 9 ,new ,am/]dam 7 devot$ to ! sale ( /rong dr9k4 ,n a hopeful beg9n+ = a "y commonweal?4 99 99 99 99 99 ,be=e bidd+ a will+ good-bye to ! ,dut* regime ( ! ,new ,ne!rl&s1 x rema9s to tell ! /ory ( ano!r colony1 begun "u happy auspices1 b s %ort-liv$ t its rise & fall are a m]e episode 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,dut* colony4 ,z e>ly z #afcj1 "u ! feudal concessions ( ! ,dut* ,we/ ,india ,company1 ext5sive tracts _h be5 tak5 on ! ,s\? ,riv]1 or ,delaw>e1 &1 aft] pur*ase f ! ,indians1 settl$ by a colony "u ! conduct ( ! be/ ( all ! ,dut* lead]s1 ,de ,vries4 ,qu>rels ) ! ,indians arose1 & at ! end ( a twelvemon? ! colony 0 ext+ui%$ 9 blood4 ,! l& seem$ to be left free = o!r occupants4 ,ye>s be=e1 ! great ,gu/avus ,adolphus _h pond]$ & decid$ on an ent]prise ( colonization 9 ,am]ica4#gf3a ,! exig5cies ( ! ,?irty ,ye>s' ,w> delay$ ! execution ( 8 plan1 b aft] ! fatal day ( ,luetz5 ! project resum$ by ! fit successor ( ,gu/avus 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ,sw$51 ! ,*ancellor ,ox5/i]n4 ,pet] ,m9uit1 :o _h be5 reject$ f 8 place z ! fir/ gov]nor ( ,new ,am/]dam1 t5d]$ to ! ,sw$es ! aid ( 8 exp]i5ce & approv$ wisdom2 & 9 ! end ( ! ye> #afcg1 aga9/ ! prote/ ( ,gov]nor ,kieft1 ! /rong f\ndations ( a ,sw$i% ,lu!ran colony 7 laid on ! banks ( ! ,delaw>e4 ,a new pur*ase 0 made ( ! ,indians 7:o _h z little scruple z ! ,/u>t k+s ab\t dispos+ ( ! same l& twice ov] to diff]5t p>ties71 includ+ ! l&s f ! m\? ( ! bay to ! falls ne> ,tr5ton4 ,a =t 0 built :]e n[ /&s ! city ( ,wilm+ton1 & "u ! protection ( its walls ,*ri/ian wor%ip 0 begun by ! fir/ pa/or1 ,torkillus4 ,/rong re9=cem5ts arriv$ 9 #afdc1 ) ! en]getic ,gov]nor ,pr9tz & t man ( unwe>i$ zeal 9 always propagat+ ! love ( ,god1 ! ,rev4 ,john ,campanius1 :o ?r\gh fai? has obta9$ a good report by 8 brief mo/ labori\s m9i/ry bo? to 8 fell[-c\ntrym5 & to ! ,delaw>e ,indians4 ,! gov]nor fix$ 8 resid5ce at ,t9icum1 n[ almo/ includ$ )9 ! va/ circumf]5ce ( ,philadelphia1 & !re1 =ty ye>s be=e ! arrival ( ,william ,p5n1 ,campanius prea*$ ! gospel ( peace 9 two languages1 to ! r$ m5 & to ! :ite4 ,! "q ( ! ,sw$i% title1 rais$ at ! outset by ! prote/ ( ! ,dut* gov]nor1 c\ld n long be po/pon$4 ,x 0 sudd5ly precipitat$ on ! arrival ( ,gov]nor ,ris+1 9 #afed1 by 8 capture ( ,=t ,casimir1 :i* ! ,dut* _h built = ! practical ass]tion ( _! claim4 ,x seems a some:at grotesque act ( piety on ! "p ( ! ,sw$es1 :51 hav+ celebrat$ ! fe/ival ( ,tr9ity ,sunday by :ipp+ _! fell[-,*ri/ians out ( ! =t1 !y commemorat$ ! good "w by nam+ x ! ,=t ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity4 ,x 0 a fatal victory4 ,! next ye> came ,gov]nor ,/uyvesant ) an ov]p[]+ =ce & dem&$ & receiv$ ! surr5d] ( ! colony to ! ,dut*4 ,honorable t]ms ( surr5d] 7 conc$$2 among !m1 aga9/ ! prote/1 alas6 ( good ,dom9e ,megapol5sis1 0 ! /ipulation ( religi\s lib]ty = ! ,lu!rans4 ,x 0 ! end ( ! ,sw$i% colony1 b n at once ( ! *ur*4 ,! ,sw$i% community ( "s sev5 hundr$ s\ls1 cut (f f re9=cem5t & support f ! fa!rl&1 *]i%$ its language & traditions & ! mold ( doctr9e 9 :i* x _h be5 %ap$2 aft] m ?an =ty ye>s ! reviv+ int]e/ ( ! "m *ur* 0 manife/$ by ! s5d+ out ( mission>ies to seek & succor ! daught] long abs5t & neglect$ 9 ! wild]ness4 ,two v5]able build+s1 ! ,gloria ,dei ,*ur* 9 ! s\!rn "p ( ,philadelphia1 & ! ,old ,sw$es' ,*ur* at ,wilm+ton1 rema9 z monum5ts ( ! honorable /ory4 ,! ,sw$i% language ceas$ to be spok52 ! p became undi/+ui%ably absorb$ 9 ! swiftly multiply+ population ab\t !m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x 0 a %ort-liv$ triumph 9 :i* ! ,dut* colony r$uc$ ! ,sw$i% "u its jurisdiction4 ,x only prep>$ a l>g] doma9 = x to surr5d]1 9 its turn1 to sup]ior =ce4 ,) p]fidy wor?y ( ! ,h\se ( ,/u>t1 ! newly re/or$ k+ ( ,engl&1 hav+ grant$ to 8 bro!r1 ! ,duke ( ,york1 t]ritory already plight$ to o!rs & t]ritory already occupi$ by a fri5dly p[]1 /ret*+ 9 all f ! ,connecticut to ! ,delaw>e1 cov]$ 8 designs ) fri5dly demon/rations1 & 9 a "t ( pr(\nd peace surpris$ ! quiet t[n ( ,new ,am/]dam ) a ho/ile fleet & l& =ce & a p]emptory dem& = surr5d]4 ,! only h9drance int]pos$ 0 a few h\rs ( va9 & angry blu/] f ,/uyvesant4 ,! indiff]5ce ( ! ,dut* republic1 :i* _h f ! beg9n+ refus$ its colony any promise ( protection1 & ! sordid despotism ( ! ,company1 & ! arrogant contempt ( popul> rights manife/$ by its gov]nors1 seem to h left no sp>k ( patriotic loyalty alive 9 ! population4 ,) in]t indiff]5ce1 if n ev5 ) satisfaction1 ! colony transf]r$ its allegiance to ! ,briti% cr[n1 h5ce=? sov]eign f ,ma9e to ! ,c>ol9as4 ,! rights ( p]son & prop]ty1 religi\s lib]ty1 & fre$om ( trade 7 /ipulat$ 9 ! capitulation4 ,! ,briti% gov]nm5t 0 happy 9 ! "* ( ,colonel ,nicolls1 :o came z comm&ant ( ! invad+ exp$ition & rema9$ z gov]nor4 ,n only fai?ful to ! t]ms ( ! surr5d]1 b consid]ate ( ! feel+s & int]e/s ( ! conqu]$ prov9ce1 he gave ! p small reason to regret ! *ange ( gov]nm5t4 ,! e/abli%$ ,dut* *ur* n only 0 n mole/$1 b 0 cont9u$ 9 full possession ( its exceptional privileges4 ,& x cont9u$ to langui%4 ,at ! "t ( ! surr5d] ! prov9ce conta9$ ?ree cities1 ?irty villages1 & t5 ?\s& inhabitants1#gh3a & = all ^! !re 7 six m9i/]s4 ,! six soon dribbl$ away to ?ree1 & = t5 ye>s ^! ?ree cont9u$ )\t re9=cem5t4 ,?is extreme feebl5ess ( ! cl]gy1 ! abs5ce ( any vigor\s *ur* life among ! laity1 & ! debilitat+ notion t ! p[] & ! "r to prea* ! gospel mu/ be import$ f ,holl&1 put ! ,dut* *ur* at su* a disadvantage z to invite aggression4 ,lat] ,engli% gov]nors %[$ no scruple 9 violat+ ! _s ( ! t]ms ( surr5d] & us+ _! (ficial p[] & influ5ce to =ce ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,engli% *ur* aga9/ ! almo/ unanim\s w ( ! p4 ,prop]ty 0 unju/ly tak5 & legal rights infr+$ to ?is end1 b ! end 0 n atta9$4 ,colonel ,morris1 an e>ne/ ,anglican1 w>n$ 8 fri5ds aga9/ ! folly ( tak+ by =ce ! sal>ies ( m9i/]s *os5 by ! p & pay+ !m ov] to ! m9i/]s ( ! *ur*4 ,x may be a means ( subsi/+ ^? m9i/]s1 b !y won't make _m conv]ts among a p :o ?9k !mselves v mu* injur$4 ,! pi\s ef=ts ( ,gov]nor ,flet*]1 ! mo/ zeal\s ( ^! (ficial propag&i/s1 are ev5 m sev]ely *>act]iz$ 9 a dispat* ( 8 successor1 ! ,e>l ( ,bellomont3 ,! late gov]nor1 444 "u ! notion ( a ,*ur* ( ,engl& to be put 9 opposition to ! ,dut* & ,fr5* *ur*es e/abli%$ "h1 support$ a few rascally ,engli%1 :o are a sc&al to _! nation & ! ,prote/ant religion4#gi3a ,evid5tly su* support w\ld h = its ma9 effect to make ! pret5d$ e/abli%m5t odi\s to ! p4 ,colonel ,morris %>ply po9ts out ! impolicy z well z ! inju/ice ( ! c\rse adopt$1 claim+ t 8 *ur* w\ld h be5 9 a mu* bett] position )\t ?is political aid1 & cit+ ! case ( ! ,j]seys & ,p5nsylvania1 :]e no?+ ( ! k9d _h be5 attempt$1 & :]e1 nev]!less1 !re are f\r times ! numb] ( *ur*m5 t !re are 9 ?is prov9ce ( ,new ,york2 & !y are s1 mo/ ( !m1 ^u pr9ciple1 :]eas n9e p>ts 9 t5 ( ours w add no great cr$it to :atev] *ur* !y are (4#hj3a ,x ne$ n be d5i$ t gov]nm5t patronage1 ev5 :5 disp5s$ by ! dirty h&s ( su* scurvy nurs+ fa!rs z ,flet*] & ,"l ,cornbury1 may give /r5g? ( a c]ta9 sort to a religi\s organization4 ,:atev] c\ld be done 9 ! way ( end[m5t or ( social pref]m5t 9 behalf ( ! ,engli% *ur* 0 done eag]ly4 ,b happily ?is *ur* _h a bett] res\rce ?an royal gov]nors 9 ! well-equipp$ & su/a9$1 & g5]ally well-*os51 army ( mission>ies ( ! ,society = ! ,propagation ( ! ,gospel4 ,n few] ?an fifty-eight ( !m 7 plac$ by ! society 9 ?is s+le prov9ce4 ,& if among !m !re 7 ^? :o seem$ to prea* ,*ri/ ( envy & /rife1 z if ! great aim ( ! prea*] ( ! gospel 7 to get a man out ( "o ,*ri/ian sect into ano!r1 !re 7 o!rs :o %[$ a m ,paul9e & m ,*ri/ian conception ( _! "w1 tak+ _! full %>e ( ! task ( br++ ! k ( ,*ri/ to ! unevangeliz$1 :e!r :ite1 r$1 or black4#hj3b ,! div]sity ( organization :i* 0 de/9$ to *>act]ize ! *ur* 9 ! prov9ce ( ,new ,york 0 increas$ by ! infl[ ( population f ,new ,engl&4 ,! settlem5t ( ,long ,isl& 0 f ! beg9n+ ,puritan ,engli%4 ,! ,hudson ,valley began e>ly to be occupi$ by ,new ,engl&]s br++ ) !m _! pa/ors4 ,9 #afif ,dom9e ,selyns1 ! only ,dut* pa/or 9 ,new ,york ,city1 9 8 annual report congratulates himself1 ,our numb] is n[ full1 mean+ t !re are f\r ,dut* m9i/]s 9 ! :ole prov9ce ( ,new ,york1 & adds3 ,9 ! c\ntry places "h !re are _m ,engli% prea*]s1 mo/ly f ,new ,engl&4 ,!y 7 orda9$ !re1 hav+ be5 9 a l>ge measure suppli$ by ! ,univ]sity ( ,cambridge ,mass44 ,! same lett] gives ! names ( ! ?ree em95t ,fr5* pa/ors m9i/]+ to ! communities ( ,hugu5ot refugees at ,new ,ro*elle & ,new ,york & else:]e 9 ! neighborhood4 ,! ,scot*-,iri% ,presbyt]ians1 m important to ! hi/ory ( ! op5+ c5tury ?an any ( ! re/1 7 yet to ent]4 ,! spectacle ( ! anci5t ,dut* *ur* ?us dw9dl+1 & seem+ly cont5t to dw9dle1 to "o ( ! lea/ ( ! tribes1 is n a *e]ful "o1 nor "o easy to und]/&4 ,b out ( ?is little & dilapidat$ ,be?lehem 0 to come =? a lead]4 ,dom9e ,frel+huys51 arriv+ 9 ,am]ica 9 #agbj1 0 to beg9 a "w ( tra9+ = ! m9i/ry1 :i* w\ld result1 9 #aghd1 9 ! e/abli%m5t ( ! fir/ ,am]ican pr(essor%ip ( !ology2#ha3a & by ! f]vor ( 8 prea*+ he 0 to w9 ! signal glory ( br++ 9 ! ,great ,awak5+4 ,,footnotes3 #fi3a ,dr4 ,e4 ,t4 ,corw91 ,hi/ory ( ! ,re=m$ 7,dut*7 ,*ur* 9 ,am]ica 79 ! ,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies71 pp4 #bh-cb4 #gj3a ,! prov9ce1 "u ! long ye>s ( ,dut* supremacy1 _h ga!r$ only "s sev5 ?\s& inhabitants1 aga9/ ! hundr$ & tw5ty ?\s& ( _! ,new ,engl& neighbors 7,lodge1 ,engli% ,colonies1 p4 #big74 #ga3a ,see ,corw91 p4 #cg2 b comp>e ! claim made 9 behalf ( ! ,puritan ,:itak]1 apo/le to ! ,indians ?irty ye>s e>li] 7,tiffany1 ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 p4 #ah72 comp>e also ! "w ( ! ,lu!ran ,campanius 9 ,new ,sw$5 7,jacobs1 ,! ,lu!rans1 p4 #hc74 #gd3a ,! ,puritans 9 ,holl&1 ,engl&1 & ,am]ica 7,new ,york1 #ahib74 #gf3a ,! k+'s noble conceptions ( :at su* a colony %\ld be & %\ld accompli% are quot$ 9 ,bancr(t1 vol4 ii41 pp4 #bhd1 #bhe4 #gh3a ,corw91 p4 #ed4 #gi3a ,corw91 pp4 #aje1 #aba4 #hj3a ,corw91 p4 #aje4 #hj3b ,dige/ ( ,s4 ,p4 ,g4 ,records1 pp4 #eg-gi4 ,t ! sect>ian proselyt+ zeal manife/$ 9 "s ( ! mission>ies' reports made an unfavorable impression on ! society is indicat$ by ! p]emptory t]ms ( a resolution adopt$ 9 #agaj3 ,t a /op be put to ! s5d+ any m mission>ies among ,*ri/ians1 except to su* places ^: m9i/]s are1 or %all be1 dead or remov$ 7ibid41 p4 #fi74 ,a good resolution1 b n well kept4 #ha3a ,corw91 p4 #bjg4 ,undue /ress %\ld n be laid ^u ?is =mal fact4 ,! e>ly ,new ,engl& colleges 7 prim>ily & ma9ly !ological sem9>ies & tra9+-s*ools = ! m9i/ry4 ,_! pr(essors 7 all !ological pr(essors4 ,x is /at$ 9 ,dwight's ,life ( ,edw>ds t ,james ,pi]pont1 ( ,new ,hav51 ,edw>ds's fa!r-9-law1 :o di$ 9 #agad1 lectur$ to ! /ud5ts ( ,yale ,college1 z pr(essor ( moral philosophy4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,! ,,plant+ ,,( ,,! ,,*ur* ,,9 ,,new ,,engl&--,,pilgrim ,,& ,,puritan4 ,! attitude ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& ,puritans t[>d ! ,sep>ati/s f t *ur* 0 ! attitude ( ! e>ne/1 pati5t1 hopeful re=m] toil+ = ! removal ( public abuses1 t[>d ! re/less come-out] :o quits ! conflict 9 despair ( succe$+1 &1 )\t t>ry+ = any1 sets up 8 little model ( good ord] outside4 ,su* defection seem$ to !m n only ( ! nature ( a milit>y des]tion & a weak5+ ( ! "r side1 b also an impli$ ass]tion ( sup]ior righte\sness :i* provok$ invidi\s comp>ison & mutual irritation ( feel+4 ,! comp>ison mu/ n be press$ too f> if we cite 9 illu/ration ! feel+ ( ! great mass ( e>ne/1 practical antislav]y m5 9 ! ,am]ican conflict ) slav]y t[>d ! faction ( come-out] abolitioni/s1 :o1 despair+ ( success )9 ! *ur* & ! /ate1 sec$$ f bo?1 !nce=? pr$ict+ failure = e practical ent]prise ( re=m on ! "p ( _! =m] workfell[s1 & at e defeat *uckl+1 ,i told y s4 ,if we %\ld comp>e ! ,engli% ,sep>ati/ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury ) ?is ,am]ican ,sep>ati/ ( ! n9ete5?1 we %\ld be 9 /ill great] dang] ( mislead+4 ,c]ta9ly !re 7 ^? among ! ,sep>ati/s f ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& :o1 9 ! viol5ce ( _! ali5ation & ! bitt]ness ( _! suff]+s1 did n refra9 f s\r & acrid c5sori\sness t[>d ! m5 :o 7 ne>e/ !m 9 religi\s conviction & pursu+ l ends by ano!r c\rse4 ,"o does n read f> 9 ! hi/ory ( ,new ,engl& )\t enc\nt]+ re=m]s ( ?is extreme type4 ,b n su* 7 ! company ( true wor%ip]s :o1 at p]il ( lib]ty & life1 7 wont to assemble ea* ,"l's day 9 a room ( ! old manor-h\se ( ,scrooby1 ( :i* ,william ,brew/] 0 lessee1 = ,*ri/ian fell[%ip & wor%ip1 & = in/ruction 9 ,*ri/ian tru? & duty f ! sa9tly lips ( ,john ,rob9son4 ,! extreme radicals ( _! day1 !y seem to h be5 div9ely pres]v$ f ! besett+ s9s ( radicalism--its n>r[ness1 its self-righte\sness1 its c5sori\sness & intol]ance4 ,^? :o read ! copi\s records ( ! e>ly ,new ,engl& colonization are aga9 & aga9 surpris$ at f9d+ t ! impov]i%$ little company ( ,sep>ati/s at ,leyd5 & ,plym\?1 :o 7 s %>ply reprobat$ by _! ,puritan bre?r5 ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& = _! s*ismatic attitude1 _! ov]-righte\sness & exclusiv5ess1 d really excel1 9 lib]ality & pati5t tol]ance & ca?olic & compreh5sive love t[>d all good m51 ^? :o sat 9 judgm5t on !m4 ,some?+ ( ?is is due to ! native nobl5ess ( ! m5 !mselves1 ( :om ! _w 0 n wor?y2 some?+ ( x to _! long discipl9e 9 ! passive virtues "u bitt] p]secution 9 _! native l& & 9 exile 9 ,holl& & 9 ! wild]ness2 mu* ( x c]ta9ly to ! incomp>ably wise & ,*ri/-l tea*+ ( ,rob9son bo? at ,scrooby & at ,leyd51 & aft]w>d ?r\gh ! t5d] & fai?ful epi/les ) :i* he foll[$ !m across ! sea2 & all ( x to ! grace ( ,god work+ 9 _! he>ts & glorifi$ 9 _! liv+ & _! dy+4 ,x w\ld be incompatible ) ! limits ( ?is volume to recite 9 detail ! /ory ( ! ,pilgrims2 x has be5 told m amply & ) full] repetition ?an almo/ any o!r *apt] ( human hi/ory1 & is nev] to be told or he>d )\t awak5+ t ?rill ) :i* ! he>t/r+s respond to ! suff]+s & triumphs ( ,*ri/'s bless$ m>tyrs & confessors4 ,b1 m dispassionately /udi$ ) ref]5ce to its position & relations 9 ecclesia/ical hi/ory1 x _c be und]/ood unless ! %>p & sometimes exasp]at$ antagonism is kept 9 view t exi/$ betwe5 ! inconsid]able faction1 z x 0 e/eem$1 ( ! ,sep>ati/s1 & ! great & gr[+ ,puritan p>ty at t "t 9 disfavor ) k+ & c\rt & hi]>*y1 b soon to become ! dom9ant p>ty n only 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 b 9 ! nation4 ,x is n /range t ! antagonism betwe5 ! two p>ties %\ld be lo/ sight (4 ,! two are id5tifi$ 9 _! !ological convictions1 9 _! spiritual sympa?ies1 &1 = ! mo/ "p1 9 _! judgm5t on que/ions conc]n+ ! ext]nals ( ! *ur*2 & pres5tly _! respective colonies1 plant$ side by side1 n )\t mutual d\bts & suspicions1 are to gr[ toge!r1 leav+ no visible seam ( juncture1 ,l k9dr$ drops comm+l+ into "o4#hd3a ,to ! ,puritan re=m] )9 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 ! act ( ! ,pilgrims at ,scrooby 9 sep>at+ !mselves f ! g5]al mass ( ,engli% ,*ri/ians1 m+l$ ?\gh t mass might be ) a multitude ( unwor?y 0 no?+ less ?an ! s9 ( s*ism4 ,"o effect ( ! act 0 to reflect odium ^u ! :ole p>ty ( ,puritans1 & involve !m 9 ! suspicion ( t s$ition :i* 0 s unju/ly1 b ) su* fatal success1 imput$ to ! ,sep>ati/s4 ,x 0 a h>d & d\btful w>f>e t ! ,puritans 7 wag+ aga9/ spiritual wick$ness 9 high places2 ! defection ( ! ,sep>ati/s d\bly weak5$ !m 9 ! conflict4 ,x is n /range1 h[ev] x may seem s1 t ! animosity ( ,puritan t[>d ,sep>ati/ 0 sometimes acrimoni\s1 nor t ! public reproa*es hurl$ at ! unpopul> little p>ty %\ld h provok$ recrim9ations ^u ! assailants z be+ involv$ 9 ! defilem5ts & ! plagues ( ,babylon1 & %\ld h driv5 ! ,sep>ati/s into a n>r[] exclusiv5ess ( sep>ation1 cutt+ !mselves (f n only f communion ) abuses & corruptions 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 b ev5 f fell[%ip ) good & holy m5 9 ! national *ur* :o did n f9d x a duty to sec$e4 ,no?+ ( ?is bitt]ness & n>r[ness is f\nd 9 ,rob9son4 ,/r5u\sly z he ma9ta9$ ! "r & duty ( sep>ation f ! ,e/abli%m5t1 he 01 especially 9 8 lat] ye>s1 no less e>ne/ 9 condemn+ ! ,sep>ati/s :o c>ri$ _! sep>ation too f> & _h gone beyond ! true l&m>ks 9 matt]s ( ,*ri/ian doctr9e or ( ,*ri/ian fell[%ip4#he3a ,8 late/ "w1 f\nd 9 8 /udie aft] 8 decease1 0 ,a ,treatise ( ! ,lawfulness ( ,he>+ ( ! ,m9i/]s 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,! mod]at5ess ( ,rob9son's position1 & ! bro!rly k9dness ( 8 temp]1 c\ld n save him & 8 p f ! prevail+ odium t re/$ ^u ! ,sep>ati/4 ,_m & grave 7 ! sorr[s ?r\gh :i* ! ,pilgrim *ur* _h to pass 9 its way f ! little hamlet ( ,scrooby to ! bleak hill ( ,plym\?4 ,!y 7 9 p]il f ! p]secutor at home & 9 p]il 9 ! attempt to escape2 9 p]il f gre$y speculators & malignant politicians2 9 p]il f ! sea & f cold & f />vation2 9 p]il f ! savages & f false bre?r5 privily s5t among !m to spy out _! lib]ties2 b an add$ bitt]ness to all _! tribulations lay 9 ?is1 t1 = ! c\rse :i* !y 7 con/ra9$ 9 consci5ce to pursue1 !y 7 subject to ! reprobation ( ^? :om !y mo/ highly honor$ z _! bre?r5 9 ! fai? ( ,*ri/4 ,"s ( ! mo/ he>tbreak+ ( _! trials arose directly f ! unwill+ness ( ,engli% ,puritans to su/a91 or ev5 c\nt5ance1 ! ,pilgrim colony4 ,9 ! ye> #afjg1 :5 ! %ips ( ! ,virg9ia ,company 7 ab\t l&+ _! freight ( emigrants & supplies at ,jame/[n1 ! fir/ & unsuccessful attempt ( ! ,pilgrims 0 made to escape f _! native l& to ,holl&4 ,be=e ! end ( #afjh ! great] "p ( !m1 9 scatt]+ p>ties1 _h effect$ ! passage ( ! ,nor? ,sea1 & ! *ur* 0 reunit$ 9 a l& ( religi\s fre$om4 ,) :at a blameless1 dilig5t1 & peaceful life !y adorn$ ! "n ( disciple ?r\gh all ! twelve ye>s ( _! soj\rn1 h[ honor$ & belov$ !y 7 among ! *ur*es & 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,leyd51 !re are abundant te/imonies4 ,! twelve ye>s ( seclusion 9 an ali5 l& among a p ( /range language 0 n too long a discipl9e ( prep>ation = t "w = :i* ! ,head ( ! *ur* _h set !m ap>t4 ,?is 0 ! p]iod ( ,rob9son's activity z au?or4 ,9 erudite /udies1 9 grave debate ) ga9say]s at home & ) fell[-exiles 9 ,holl&1 he 0 matur+ 9 8 own m9d1 & 9 ! m9ds ( ! *ur*1 ^? l>ge & lib]al yet def9ite views ( *ur* organization & duty :i* 7 de/9$ = com+ ages s pr(\ndly to influ5ce ! ,am]ican *ur* 9 all its ord]s & divisions4 ,he became a re=m] ( ! ,sep>ation4#hg3a ,we pass by ! h]oic & pa!tic /ory ( ! consultations & correspond5ces1 ! negotiations & disappo9tm5ts1 ! emb>kation & voyage1 & come to t memorable date1 ,novemb] #aa 7 #ba71 #afbj1 :51 arriv$ (f ! %ore ( ,cape ,cod1 ! little company1 )\t *>t] or w>rant ( any k9d f any gov]nm5t on e>?1 ab\t to l& on a savage cont95t 9 que/ ( a home1 ga!r$ 9 ! cab9 ( ! ,mayfl[]1 & aft] a me?od q 9 analogy ) t 9 :i*1 sixte5 ye>s be=e1 !y _h con/itut$ ! *ur* at ,scrooby1 ent]$ into =mal & solemn compact 9 ! pres5ce ( ,god & "o ( ano!r1 cov5ant+ & comb9+ !mselves toge!r into a civil body politic4 ,x is difficult1 9 read+ ! in/rum5t !n subscrib$1 to avoid ! conviction t ! !ory ( ! orig9 ( ! p[]s ( civil gov]nm5t 9 a social compact1 :i* _h long float$ 9 lit]ature be=e x came to be di/9ctly articulat$ 9 ! ,contrat ,social ( ,jean ,jacques ,r\sseau1 0 famili> to ! m9ds ( ^? by :om ! pap] 0 drawn4 ,?\ghtful m5 at ! pres5t day univ]sally recognize ! fallacy ( ?is plausible hypo!sis1 :i* once _h su* wide curr5cy & s s]i\s an influ5ce on ! c\rse ( political hi/ory 9 ,am]ica4 ,b :e!r or n !y 7 affect$ by ! !ory1 ! practical good s5se ( ! m5 & _! def]5ce to ! tea*+s ( ! ,bible secur$ !m f ! vici\s & absurd consequ5ces d$ucible f x4 ,n all ! names ( ! coloni/s 7 subscrib$ to ! compact1--a cle> indication ( ! fre$om ( individual judgm5t 9 t company1--b x 0 nev] = a mom5t held t ! diss5ti5ts 7 any ! less b\nd by x4 ,:5 wor?less ,john ,bill+ton1 :o _h someh[ got %uffl$ into _! company1 0 s5t5c$ = disrespect & disob$i5ce to ,capta9 ,myles ,/&i% to h 8 neck & heels ti$ toge!r1 x does n seem to h occurr$ to him to plead t he _h nev] ent]$ into ! social compact2 nor yet :5 ! same wret*$ man1 t5 ye>s lat]1 0 by a jury convict$ ( willful murd]1 & s5t5c$ to dea? & execut$4 ,logically1 "u ! social-compact !ory1 x w\ld h be5 compet5t = ^? diss5t+ f ?is compact to ent] into ano!r1 & set up a compet+ civil gov]nm5t on ! same gr\nd2 b :at w\ld h be5 ! practical value ( ?is l9e ( argum5t might h be5 le>n$ f ,mr4 ,?omas ,morton1 ( ,furnivall's ,inn1 aft] he _h be5 hal$ out ( 8 disord]ly h\se at ,m]ry ,m\nt by ,capta9 ,/&i%1 & conv5t$ be=e ! au?orities at ,plym\?4 ,! social-compact !ory z appli$ to ! *ur*1 imply+ t ! mutual duties ( ,*ri/ian disciples 9 society are d]iv$ solely f mutual /ipulations1 is q z transp>5tly fallaci\s z :5 x is appli$ to civil polity1 & ! consequ5ces d$ucible f x are n less absurd4 ,b x _c be claim$ = ! ,plym\? m51 & /ill less = _! spiritual successors1 t !y h :olly escap$ ! evil consequ5ces ( _! !ory 9 its practical applications4 ,! notion t a *ur* ( ,*ri/ is a club1 hav+ no au?ority or limitations b :at x d]ives f club rules agre$ on among ! memb]s1 w\ld h be5 sc\t$ by ! ,pilgrims2 among ^? :o n[ claim to sit 9 _! seats !re are "s :o w\ld hesitate to admit x1 & _m :o w\ld frankly av[ x ) all its mis*iev\s implications4 ,plant$ 9 ! soil ( ,plym\?1 x spread at once ?r\gh ,new ,engl&1 & has become widely root$ 9 di/ant & div]se regions ( ! ,am]ican *ur*4#hi3a ,! *ur* ( ,plym\?1 ?\gh depriv$ ( its pa/or1 cont9u$ to be ri* 9 fai? & 9 all spiritual gifts1 & mo/ ( all 9 ! excell5t gift ( *>ity4 ,! hi/ory ( x ye> aft] ye> is a beautiful illu/ration ( bro!rly k9dness & mutual self-sacrifice among !mselves & ( =giv+ pati5ce t[>d enemies4 ,b ! colony1 beg9n+ 9 extreme feebl5ess & p5ury1 nev] became ei!r /rong or ri*4 ,"o hundr$ & two s\ls emb>k$ 9 ! ,mayfl[]1 ( :om ne>ly "o half 7 dead be=e ! end ( f\r mon?s4 ,at ! end ( f\r ye>s ! numb] _h increas$ to "o hundr$ & eighty4 ,at ! end ( t5 ye>s ! settlem5t numb]$ ?ree hundr$ p]sons4 ,x c\ld n h be5 ) joy :olly unalloy$ ) misgiv+s t ?is feeble folk le>n$ ( a p[]ful movem5t = plant+ a ,puritan colony close 9 ! neighborhood4 ,! movem5t _h begun 9 ! he>t ( ! national *ur*1 & repres5t$ ev]y?+ t 0 be/ 9 t in/itution4 ,! ,rev4 ,john ,:ite1 rector ( ,dor*e/]1 foll[$ across ! sea ) pa/oral solicitude ! "y m5 ( 8 p>i%1 :o1 9 ! bus9ess ( ! fi%]ies1 7 wont to make long /ay on ! ,new ,engl& coa/1 f> f home & *ur*4 ,8 ?\ght 0 to e/abli% a settlem5t t %\ld be a sort ( depot ( supplies = ! fi%+ fleets1 & a tempor>y home att5d$ ) ! com=ts & safegu>ds ( ,*ri/ian influ5ce4 ,! project 0 a co/ly failure2 b x 0 l ! corn ( :eat fall+ into ! gr\nd to die1 & br++ =? mu* fruit4 ,a g5tleman ( en]gy & dignity1 ,john ,endicott1 pl$g$ 8 p]sonal s]vice z lead] ( a new colony4 ,9 ,septemb]1 #afbh1 he l&$ ) a pione]+ p>ty at ,naumkeag1 & hav+ happily compos$ "s diff]5ces t arose ) ! e>li] com]s1 !y nam$ ! place ,salem1 :i* is1 by int]pretation1 ,peace4 ,already1 ) ! newcom]s & ! old1 ! well-provid$ settlem5t numb]$ m ?an fifty p]sons1 busy 9 prep>ation = fur!r arrivals4 ,mean:ile vigor\s "w 0 do+ 9 ,engl&4 ,! organization to su/a9 ! colony repres5t$ adequate capital & ! highe/ quality ( "* & influ5ce4 ,a royal *>t]1 drawn ) sagaci\s c>e to secure e privilege ! ,puritan ,company desir$1 0 secur$ f ! fatuity ( ! reign+ ,/u>t1 erect+ 9 ! wild]ness su* a free commonweal? z 8 poor little s\l abhorr$2 & prep>ation 0 made = s5d+ out1 9 ! spr+ ( #afbi1 a noble fleet ( six vessels1 c>ry+ ?ree hundr$ m5 & a hundr$ wom5 & *ildr51 ) ample equipm5t ( provisions1 tools & arms1 & live /ock4 ,! ,company _h tak5 c>e t !re %\ld be pl5tiful provision ( godly m9i/]s4 ,?ree approv$ cl]gym5 ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&--,higg9son1 ,skelton1 & ,bright--_h be5 *os5 by ! ,company to att5d ! exp$ition1 besides :om "o ,ralph ,smi?1 a ,sep>ati/ m9i/]1 _h be5 p]mitt$ to take passage be=e ! ,company und]/ood ( 8 diff]5ce 9 judgm5t 9 "s ?+s f ! o!r m9i/]s4 ,he 0 p]mitt$ to cont9ue 8 j\rney1 yet n )\t a caution to ! gov]nor t unless he 7 f\nd con=mable to ! gov]nm5t he 0 n to be suff]$ to rema9 )9 ! limits ( its jurisdiction4 ,an incid5t ( ?is dep>ture re/s on ! sole au?ority ( ,cotton ,ma!r1 & is be/ told 9 8 own words3 ,:5 !y came to ! ,l&'s ,end1 ,mr4 ,higg9son1 call+ up 8 *ildr5 & o!r pass5g]s unto ! /]n ( ! %ip to take _! la/ sight ( ,engl&1 said1 ',we w n say1 z ! ,sep>ati/s 7 wont to say at _! leav+ ( ,engl&1 ,f>ewell1 ,babylon6 f>ewell1 ,rome6 b we w say1 ,f>ewell1 de> ,engl&6 f>ewell1 ! *ur* ( ,god 9 ,engl&1 & all ! ,*ri/ian fri5ds !re6 ,we d n g to ,new ,engl& z ,sep>ati/s f ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 ?\gh we _c b sep>ate f ! corruptions 9 x2 b we g to practice ! positive "p ( *ur* re=mation & propagate ! gospel 9 ,am]ica4' ,! /ory ought to be true1 = ! intr9sic likel9ess ( x2 & x is all ! likeli] = ! fact t among ! pass5g]s1 k9dly & ev5 frat]nally treat$1 & yet ! object ( grave misgiv+s1 0 ! hone/ ,sep>ati/ m9i/]1 ,ralph ,smi?4#ia3a ,! ideal ( ! new colony c\ld h>dly h be5 bett] express$ ?an 9 ^! possibly apocryphal words ascrib$ to ,mr4 ,higg9son4 ,^! 7 n fugitives seek+ asylum f p]secution4 ,/ill less 7 !y plann+ an asylum = o!rs4 ,!y 7 int5t on ! plant+ ( a new commonweal?1 9 :i* ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 n accord+ to ! imp]fect & p]v]t$ patt]n ( ! ,engli% ,e/abli%m5t1 b accord+ to a fair] patt]n1 t _h be5 %[$ !m 9 _! m\nts ( vision1 %\ld be bo? free & dom9ant4 ,if ?is purpose ( !irs 0 wrong2 if !y _h no "r to d5y !mselves ! com=ts & delights ( _! native l&1 & at va/ co/ ( treasure to seclude !mselves )9 a def9$ tract ( wild]ness1 = ! accompli%m5t ( an ent]prise :i* !y conceiv$ to be ( ! highe/ b5efic5ce to mank9d--!n d\btless _m ( ! measures :i* !y took 9 pursuance ( ?is purpose mu/ fall "u ! same condemnation ) ! purpose itself4 ,if !re are m9ds s con/itut$ z to p]ceive no moral diff]5ce betwe5 bani%+ a man f 8 native home1 = op9ion's sake1 & decl9+1 on acc\nt ( diff]5ce ( op9ion1 to admit a man to p>tn]%ip 9 a difficult & haz>d\s ent]prise organiz$ on a di/9ctly exclusive basis1 su* m9ds w be con/ra9$ to condemn ! ,puritan coloni/s f ! />t & all along4 ,m9ds o!rwise con/itut$ w be able to discrim9ate betwe5 ! righte\s foll[+ ( a ju/ifiable policy & ! lapses ( ! colonial gov]nm5ts f high & ,*ri/ian motives & righte\s c\rses4 ,:e!r ! policy ( rigor\s exclusiv5ess1 build+ up communities ( pick$ mat]ial1 homog5e\s 9 race1 language1 & religion1 is on ! :ole less wise = ! f\nd]s ( a new commonweal? ?an a sweep+ly compreh5sive policy1 ga!r+ 9 p mutually ali5 9 spee* & cre$ & habits1 is a fairly op5 "q = hi/orical /ud5ts4 ,mu* light might be ?r[n ^u x by ! comp>ative hi/ory ( ,massa*usetts & ,rhode ,isl&1 ( ,new ,engl& & ,p5nsylvania4 ,x is n a "q t is answ]$ at once by ! m]e /atem5t ( x4 ,we d n ne$ to be told t to ! little ,sep>ati/ settlem5t at ,plym\?1 /ill 9 ! fir/ decade ( its feeble exi/5ce1 ! f\nd+1 )9 a day's j\rney1 ( ?is p[]ful colony1 on ecclesia/ical pr9ciples di/9ctly antagoni/ic to _! own1 0 a mom5t\s1 ev5 a =midable fact4 ,critical1 nay1 vital que/ions em]g$ at once1 :i* ! subtle/ *ur*craft might h despair$ ( answ]+4 ,!y 7 answ]$1 solv$1 h>moniz$1 by ! _s ( ,*ri/ian love4 ,t great spiritual tea*]1 ,john ,rob9son1 besides 8 m g5]al exhortations to bro!rly k9dness & *>ity1 _h spok51 9 ! _s ( prophecy1 "s promises & assurances :i* came n[ to a div9e fulfillm5t4 ,pond]+ sundry weighty & solid reasons 9 favor ( removal f ,holl&1 ! pilgrims put on record t _! pa/or w\ld (t5 say t _m ( ^? :o bo? wrote & prea*$ aga9/ !m w\ld practice z !y did if !y 7 9 a place :]e !y might h lib]ty & live con=mably4 ,"o ( ! mo/ affectionate ( 8 disciples1 ,edw>d ,w9sl[1 wrote d[n "s ( ! preci\s & memorable words :i* ! pa/or1 :o 0 to see _! face no m1 utt]$ ?r\gh 8 te>s z !y 7 ab\t to leave him4 ',!re w be no diff]5ce1' he said1 'betwe5 ! uncon=mable m9i/]s & y1 :5 !y come to ! practice ( ! ord9ances out ( ! k+dom4' ,& s he advis$ u to close ) ! godly p>ty ( ! k+dom ( ,engl&1 & r to /udy union ?an division1 viz41 h[ ne> we might possibly )\t s9 close ) !m1 r ?an 9 ! lea/ measure to affect division or sep>ation f !m4 ,! solitude ( ! little />v+ hamlet by ! sea 0 favorable to ! spr++ & fructify+ ( ?is se$ 9 ! good & hone/ he>ts into :i* x _h be5 ca/4 ,be=e ! great fleet ( coloni/s1 ) its ?ree uncon=mable ,*ur* ( ,engl& cl]gym51 _h rea*$ ! port ( ,salem ! good se$ _h be5 plant$ anew 9 o!r he>ts n less hone/ & good4 ,x fell on ?is wise4 ,! pione] p>ty at ,salem :o came ) ,endicott1 arriv+ !re 9 an uncultivat$ des]t1 _m ( !m1 = want ( :olesome diet & conv5i5t lodg+s1 7 seiz$ ) ! scurvy & o!r di/emp]s1 :i* %ort5$ _m ( _! days1 & prev5t$ _m ( ! re/ f p]=m+ any great matt] ( labor t ye> = advanc+ ! "w ( ! plantation4 ,:]eupon ! gov]nor1 he>+ t at ,plym\? liv$ a physician t _h "s skill t way1 wrote ?i!r = help1 & at once ! belov$ physician & deacon ( ! ,plym\? *ur*1 ,dr4 ,samuel ,full]1 ha/5$ to _! relief4 ,on :at !mes ! disc\rse revolv$ betwe5 ! ,puritan gov]nor j f ,engl& & ! ,sep>ati/ deacon already = s _m ye>s an exile1 & :i!r x t5d$1 is manife/$ 9 a lett] writt5 soon aft] by ,gov]nor ,endicott1 ( ,salem1 to ,gov]nor ,brad=d1 ( ,plym\?1 "u date ,may #aa 7 #ba71 #afbi4 ,! lett] m>ks an epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity3 ,to ! wor%ipful & my "r wor?y fri5d1 ,william ,brad=d1 ,esq41 ,gov]nor ( ,new ,plym\?1 ^!3 ,,"r ,,wor?y ,,sir3 ,x is a ?+ n usual t s]vants to "o ,ma/] & ( ! same h\sehold %\ld be /rang]s4 ,i assure y ,i desire x n2 nay1 to speak m pla9ly1 ,i _c be s to y4 ,god's p are m>k$ ) "o & ! same m>k1 & seal$ ) "o & ! same seal1 & h1 = ! ma91 "o & ! same he>t1 guid$ by "o & ! same ,_s ( tru?2 & :]e ?is is !re c be no discord--nay1 "h mu/ ne$s be sweet h>mony4 ,! same reque/ ) y ,i make unto ! ,"l1 t we may z ,*ri/ian bre?r5 be unit$ by a heav5ly & unfeign$ love1 b5d+ all our he>ts & =ces 9 fur!r+ a "w beyond our /r5g?1 ) rev]5ce & fe> fa/5+ our eyes always on him t only is able to direct & prosp] all our ways4 ,i ackn[l$ge myself mu* b\nd to y = y\r k9d love & c>e 9 s5d+ ,mr4 ,full] among u1 & ,i rejoice mu* t ,i am by him satisfi$ t\*+ y\r judgm5ts ( ! outw>d =m ( ,god's wor%ip4#id3a ,x is1 z f> z ,i c yet ga!r1 no o!r ?an is w>rant$ by ! evid5ce ( tru?1 & ! same :i* ,i h pr(ess$ & ma9ta9$ ev] s9ce ! ,"l 9 m]cy reveal$ himself to me1 be+ v f> diff]5t f ! common report t ha? be5 spread ( y t\*+ t p>ticul>4 ,b ,god's *ildr5 mu/ n look = less "h bel[1 & x is ! great m]cy ( ,god t he /r5g!ns !m to g ?r\gh ) x4 ,i %all n ne$ at ?is "t to be t$i\s unto y1 =1 ,god will+1 ,i purpose to see y\r face %ortly4 ,9 ! meantime ,i humbly take my leave ( y1 committ+ y to ! ,"l's bless$ protection1 & re/ ,y\r assur$ lov+ fri5d & s]vant1 ,,john ,,endicott4 ,! positive "p ( *ur* re=mation1 :i* ,higg9son & 8 companions _h come into ! wild]ness to practice1 appe>$ 9 a new light :5 /udi$ "u ! new conditions4 ,! "q ( sep>ation f ! g5]al fell[%ip ( ,engli% ,*ri/ians1 :i* _h la9 heavily on _! consci5ces1 0 no long] a "q2 in/ead ( x arose ! "q ( sep>ation f _! belov$ & honor$ fell[-,*ri/ians at ,plym\?4 ,! ,act ( ,uni=mity & ! tyrann\s processes by :i* x 0 en=c$ no long] exi/$ = !m4 ,!y 7 free to build ! h\se ( ,god simply accord+ to ! tea*+ ( ! div9e ,^w4 ,:at =m w ! /ructure take8 ,"o ( ! fir/ practical que/ions to em]ge 0 ! "q by :at au?ority _! m9i/ry 0 to be ex]cis$4 ,on "o po9t !y seem to h be5 q cle>4 ,! episcopal ord9ation1 :i* ea* ( !m _h receiv$ 9 ,engl&1 :atev] validity x may h _h 9 ,engli% law1 gave !m no au?ority 9 ! *ur* ( ,god 9 ,salem4 ,fur!r1 _! appo9tm5t f ! ,company 9 ,london1 al?\gh x 0 a regul> commission f ! con/itut$ civil gov]nm5t ( ! colony1 c\ld conf] no (fice 9 ! spiritual h\se4 ,a day ( solemn fa/+ 0 held1 by ! gov]nor's appo9tm5t1 = ! *oice ( pa/or & tea*]1 & aft] pray] ! two recogniz$ c&idates = ! two (fices1 ,skelton & ,higg9son1 7 call$ ^u to give _! views z to a div9e call to ! m9i/ry4 ,!y ackn[l$g$ !re 0 a tw(old call+3 ! "o1 an inw>d call+1 :5 ! ,"l mov$ ! he>t ( a man to take t call+ ^u him1 & fitt$ him ) gifts = ! same2 ! second 7! outw>d call+7 0 f ! p1 :5 a company ( believ]s are jo9$ toge!r 9 cov5ant to walk toge!r 9 all ! ways ( ,god4 ,!reupon ! assembly proce$$ to a writt5 ballot1 & its *oice fell ^u ,mr4 ,skelton & ,mr4 ,higg9son4 ,x rema9$ = ! m9i/]s elect to be solemnly induct$ into (fice1 :i* 0 done ) pray] & ! lay+ on ( h&s 9 b5$iction4 ,b pres5tly !re 7 se>*+s ( he>t ov] ! ant]ior "q z to ! con/itu5cy ( ! *ur*4 ,7 all ! population ( ,salem to be reckon$ z ( ! *ur* ( ,salem8 & if n1 :o %\ld disc]n betwe5 ! righte\s & ! wick$8 ,! result ( /udy ( ?is "q1 9 ! light ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 0 ?is--t x 0 necess>y = ^? :o int5d$ to be ( ! *ur* solemnly to ent] into a cov5ant engagem5t "o ) ano!r1 9 ! pres5ce ( ,god1 to walk toge!r be=e him accord+ to 8 ,^w4 ,?irty p]sons 7 *os5 to be ! fir/ memb]s ( ! *ur*1 :o 9 a set =m ( words made public v[s ( fai?fulness to ea* o!r & to ,*ri/4 ,by ! *ur* ?us con/itut$ ! pa/or & tea*]1 already in/all$ 9 (fice 9 ! p>i%1 7 in/itut$ z m9i/]s ( ! *ur*4#if3a ,be=e ! solemnities ( t notable day 7 conclud$1 a belat$ vessel t _h be5 eag]ly await$ l&$ on ! bea* at ,salem ! mess5g]s ( ! *ur* at ,plym\?4 ,!y came into ! assembly1 ,gov]nor ,brad=d at ! head1 & 9 ! "n ( ! ,pilgrim *ur* decl>$ _! approbation & concurr5ce1 & greet$ ! new *ur*1 ! fir/-born 9 ,am]ica1 ) ! "r h& ( fell[%ip4 ,a ?\ghtful & devot$ /ud5t decl>es ?is day's proce$+s to be ! beg9n+ ( a di/9ctively ,am]ican *ur* hi/ory4#ig3a ,! imm$iate sequel ( ?is transaction is *>act]i/ic & in/ructive4 ,two bro!rs1 ,john & ,samuel ,br[ne1 memb]s ( ! c\ncil ( ! colony1 took grave (f5se at ?is dep>ture f ! ways ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 &1 jo9+ to !mselves o!rs l-m9d$1 set up sep>ate wor%ip accord+ to ! ,book ( ,common ,pray]4 ,be+ call$ to acc\nt be=e ! gov]nor = _! s*ismatic proc$ure1 !y took an aggressive tone & decl>$ t ! m9i/]s1 7 ,sep>ati/s1 & w\ld be ,anabapti/s4 ,! two bro!rs 7 illogical4 ,! m9i/]s _h n dep>t$ f ! ,nationali/ & anti-,sep>ati/ pr9ciples enunciat$ by ,higg9son f ! qu>t]-deck ( ! ,talbot4 ,:at !y _h j done 0 to lay ! f\ndations ( a national *ur* = ! commonweal? t 0 9 build+4 ,& ! two bro!rs1 try+ to draw (f a "p ( ! p into _! s*ism-%op1 7 ,sep>ati/s1 al?\gh !y 7 d\btless surpris$ to discov] x4 ,!re 0 n ! slighte/ hesitation on ! gov]nor's "p z to ! prop] c\rse to be pursu$4 ,f9d+ ^? two bro!rs to be ( high spirits1 & _! spee*es & practices t5d+ to mut9y & faction1 ! gov]nor told !m t ,new ,engl& 0 no place = su* z !y1 & !re=e he s5t !m bo? back = ,engl& at ! return ( ! %ips ! same ye>4#ih3a ,nei!r !n nor aft]w>d 0 !re any trace ( d\bt 9 ! m9ds ( ! ,new ,engl& settl]s1 9 go+ ?ree ?\s& miles away into ! seclusion ( ! wild]ness1 ( _! indefeasible moral "r to pick _! own company4 ,!re 0 abundant opportunity = mi/ake & temptation to wrong-do+ 9 ! ex]cise ( ?is "r1 b ! "r itself is s ne>ly self-evid5t z to ne$ no argum5t4 ,:ile ! civil & ecclesia/ical f\ndations ( ! ,salem community are ?us be+ laid1 !re is prep>+ on ! o!r side ( ! sea t great c\p d'etat :i* is to create1 almo/ 9 a day1 a practically indep5d5t ,am]ican republic4 ,until ?is is accompli%$ ! colonial organization is accord+ to a common patt]n1 a settlem5t on a di/ant %ore1 equipp$1 su/a9$1 & gov]n$ ) au?ority all b sov]eign by a comm]cial company at ! metropolis1 )9 ! rea*1 & ?us "u ! control1 ( ! supreme p[]4 ,suppose1 n[1 t ! %>ehold]s 9 ! comm]cial company take _! *>t] conf]r+ all b sov]eign au?ority1 & transport !mselves & x across ! sea to ! he>t ( ! settlem5t1 !re to admit o!r plant]s1 at _! discretion1 to ! fran*ise ( ! ,company1 :at !n8 ,?is 0 ! "q pond]$ & decid$ 9 ^? d>k days ( ,engli% lib]ty1 :5 ! triumph ( despotism1 civil & spiritual1 ov] ! rights ( ,engli%m5 seem$ almo/ a*iev$4 ,! old (fic]s ( ! ,company resign$2 _! places 7 fill$ by ,w9?rop & ,dudley & o!rs1 :o _h und]tak5 to emigrate2 & t memorable season ( #afcj n less ?an sev5te5 %ips1 c>ry+ ab\t "o ?\s& pass5g]s1 sail$ f ,engli% ports = ,massa*usetts ,bay4 ,x 0 ! beg9n+ ( ! great ,puritan exodus4 ,attempts 7 made by ! k+ & ! ar*bi%op to /ay ! fl[ ( emigration1 b ) only transi5t success4 ,at ! end ( t5 ye>s f ,w9?rop's arrival ab\t tw5ty-"o ?\s& ,engli%m51 or f\r ?\s& families1 includ+ ! few hundr$s :o 7 "h be=e him1 _h come ov] 9 ?ree hundr$ vessels1 at a co/ ( two hundr$ ?\s& p\nds /]l+4#ii3a ,:at c\ld n be done by despotism 0 accompli%$ by ! triumph ( ! p ov] ! c\rt4 ,! meet+ ( ! ,long ,p>liam5t 9 #afdj made x safe = ,puritans to /ay 9 ,engl&2 & ! ,puritans /ay$4 ,! curr5t ( migration 0 n only *eck$1 b turn$ backw>d4 ,x is reckon$ t )9 f\r g5]ations f t "t m p]sons w5t to old ,engl& ?an orig9ally came !nce4 ,! beg9n+s ( ?is return 7 ( high importance4 ,among ! home-go+ companies 7 m5 :o 7 de/9$ to r5d] em95t s]vice 9 ! recon/ruction ( ,engli% society1 bo? 9 ! /ate & 9 ! army1 & especially 9 ! *ur*4 ,! example ( ! ,new ,engl& *ur*es1 volum9\sly set =? 9 response to writt5 inquiries f ,engl&1 _h great influ5ce 9 sav+ ! "m c\ntry f suff]+ ! imposition ( a ,presbyt]ian hi]>*y t ?reat5$ to be z intol]ant & z intol]able z ! tyranny ( ,laud4 ,= ! ord] ( ! ,new ,engl& *ur*es cry/alliz$ rapidly into a sy/ematic & def9ite *ur* polity1 f> remov$ f m]e ,sep>atism ev5 9 ! temp]ate =m 9 :i* ?is _h be5 illu/rat$ by ,rob9son & ! ,pilgrim *ur*4 ,! successive companies ( emigrants z !y arriv$1 %ip-load aft] %ip-load1 ea* ) its m9i/] or college ( m9i/]s1 foll[$ ) almo/ monoton\s exactness ! me?od adopt$ 9 ! organization ( ! *ur* 9 ,salem4 ,a small company ( ! be/ ,*ri/ians ent]$ into mutual cov5ant z a *ur* ( ,*ri/1 & ?is numb]1 gr[+ by well-consid]$ accessions1 add$ to itself f "t to "t o!r believ]s on ! evid5ce & confession ( _! fai? 9 ,*ri/4 ,! m9i/]s1 all or ne>ly all ( :om _h be5 cl]gym5 9 ! ord]s ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 7 ( "o m9d 9 decl9+ to consid] _! episcopal ord9ation 9 ,engl& z conf]r+ on !m any spiritual au?ority 9 a *ur* newly ga!r$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,!y f\nd r 9 ! free *oice ( ! bro!rhood ! sign ( a div9e call to spiritual functions 9 ! *ur*1 & 7 induct$ into (fice by ! primitive =m ( ! lay+ on ( h&s4 ,9 _m ways1 b especially 9 ! sy/ematiz$ relations ( ! *ur*es ) "o ano!r & 9 _! common relations ) ! civil gov]nm5t1 ! settl$ ,nationalism ( ! great ,puritan migration 0 illu/rat$4 ,) ! lea/ possible con/ra9t on ! individual or on ! *ur*1 !y 7 cle> 9 _! purpose t _! "y /ate %\ld h its e/abli%$ *ur*4 ,?r\gh :at rude exp]i5ces ! sy/em & ! m5 7 te/$ has be5 abundantly told & retold4#ajj3a ,rog] ,williams1 le>n$1 eloqu5t1 s9c]e1 g5]\s1 a man aft] _! own he>t1 0 a v malignant among ,sep>ati/s1 sep>at+ himself n only f ! ,engli% *ur*1 b f all :o w\ld n sep>ate f x1 & f all :o w\ld n sep>ate f ^!1 & s on1 until he c\ld no long]1 = consci5ce' sake1 hold fell[%ip ) 8 wife 9 family pray]s4 ,aft] long pati5ce ! colonial gov]nm5t deem$ x necess>y to signify to him t if 8 consci5ce w\ld n suff] him to keep quiet1 & refra9 f /irr+ up s$ition1 & embroil+ ! colony ) ! ,engli% gov]nm5t1 he w\ld h to seek fre$om = t sort ( consci5ce outside ( _! jurisdiction2 & !y put him out accord+ly1 to ! great advantage ( bo? p>ties & )\t loss ( mutual respect & love4 ,a little lat]1 a clev] woman1 ,mrs4 ,ann ,hut*9son1 ) a va/ conceit ( h] sup]ior hol9ess & ) ! ugly c5sori\sness :i* is a usual accompanim5t ( t grace1 demon/rat$ h] g5ius = mix+ a !ological controv]sy ) p]sonal jeal\sies & public anxieties1 & involv$ ! :ole colony ( ! ,bay 9 an acrimoni\s qu>rel1 su* z to give an unpleasant tone ( p>tisan%ip & ill temp] to ! proce$+s 9 h] case1 :e!r ecclesia/ical or civil4 ,%e seems cle>ly to h be5 a willful & p]si/5t nuisance 9 ! little community1 & !re 7 good reasons = want+ to be rid ( h]1 & "r ways to t end4 ,!y took ! wrong way & tri$ h] = h]esy4 ,9 l mann]1 :5 ! ,quak]s came among !m1--n ( ! mild1 meek1 in(f5sive mod]n v>iety to :i* we are accu/om$1 b ( ! fi]ce1 aggressive e>ly type1--in/ead ( proce$+ aga9/ !m = _! ov]t (f5ses aga9/ ! /ate1 disord]ly behavior1 public indec5cy1 contempt ( c\rt1 s$ition1 !y proce$$ aga9/ !m di/9ctly z ,quak]s1 ?us putt+ !mselves 9 ! wrong & conc$+ to _! adv]s>ies t cr[n ( m>tyrdom = :i* _! s\ls 7 hank]+ & to :i* !y 7 n fully entitl$4 ,( c\rse1 9 ma9ta9+ ! pr9ciple ( ,nationalism1 ! ,new ,engl& ,puritans did n decl9e ! implications & coroll>ies ( t pr9ciple4 ,x 0 only to a prophetic g5ius l ! ,sep>ati/ ,rog] ,williams t x 0 reveal$ t civil gov]nm5t _h no conc]n to en=ce ! laws ( ! fir/ table4 ,b ! hi/orical /ud5t might be puzzl$ to "n any o!r *ur* e/abli%m5t "u :i* less ( mole/ation 0 suff]$ by diss5t]s1 or m ( actual enc\ragem5t giv5 to rival sects1 ?an "u ! ,new ,engl& !ocracies4 ,! ,nationali/ pr9ciple 0 exclusive2 ! m5 :o held x 9 ,new ,engl& 7subject ?\gh !y 7 to ! temptations ( sect>ian emulation & fanatic zeal7 7 l>ge-m9d$ & g5]\s m54 ,! g5]al uni=mity ( *ur* organization among ! ,puritan plantations is ! m rem>kable 9 view ( ! notable indep5d5ce & orig9ality ( ! lead+ m51 :o repres5t$ t5d5cies ( op9ion z widely div]g+ z ! quasi-,presbyt]ianism ( ,john ,eliot & ! doctr9aire democracy ( ,john ,wise4 ,^! v>iations ( ecclesia/ico-political !ory _h mu* to d ) ! spe$y diffusion ( ! immigrant population4 ,= l>g] fre$om 9 build+ 8 ideal ,new ,j]usalem1 ! /atesmanlike pa/or1 ,?omas ,hook]1 l$ =? 8 flock a second "t into ! great & t]rible wild]ness1 & ) 8 associates devis$ :at has be5 decl>$ to be ! fir/ example 9 hi/ory ( a writt5 con/itution--a di/9ct organic law con/itut+ a gov]nm5t & def9+ its p[]s4#ajb3a ,! l motive det]m9$ ! *oice company "u ,john ,dav5port & ,!ophilus ,eaton to refuse all inducem5ts & importunities to rema9 9 ,massa*usetts1 *oos+ r to build on no o!r man's f\ndations at ,new ,hav54#ajb3b ,at ! end ( a hundr$ ye>s f ! settlem5t ( ,bo/on ! %ores & riv] valleys ( ,massa*usetts & ,connecticut 7 plant$ ) t[ns1 ea* self-gov]n+ z a pure democracy1 ea* ) its *ur* & educat$ m9i/] & its sy/em ( common s*ools4 ,! two colleges at ,cambridge & ,new ,hav5 7 busy ) _! appo9t$ "w ( tra9+ "y m5 to ! s]vice ( ,god 9 *ur* or civil /ate4 ,& ?is great & prosp]\s & intellig5t population 01 ) inconsid]able exceptions1 ! unm+l$ prog5y ( ! f\r ?\s& ,engli% families :o1 "u /ress ( ! tyranny ( ,*>les ,/u>t & ! p]secution ( ,william ,laud1 _h cross$ ! sea 9 ! twelve ye>s f #afbh to #afdj4 ,! traditions ( ! fa!rs ( ,new ,engl& _h be5 pi\sly *]i%$ d[n to ?is ?ird & f\r? g5]ation4 ,! model ( an ideal /ate t _h be5 set up _h1 mean:ile1 be5 m or less de=m$1 especially 9 ,massa*usetts1 by ! int]f]5ce ( ,engl&2 ! dom9ance ( ! e/abli%$ *ur*es _h be5 slightly infr+$ by ! gr[? "h & !re ( diss5t+ *ur*es1 ,bapti/1 ,episcopalian1 & ,quak]2 b ! framework bo? ( *ur* & ( /ate 0 wond]fully little decay$ or impair$4 ,! same simplicity 9 ! outw>d ord] ( wor%ip 0 ma9ta9$2 ! same =m ( high ,calv9i/ic !ology cont9u$ to be *]i%$ z a norm ( s\nd prea*+ & z a vehicle ( in/ruction to *ildr54 ,all ?+s cont9u$ z !y _h be52 & yet x w\ld h be5 a mo/ sup]ficial obs]v] :o _h fail$ to detect signs ( approa*+ *ange4 ,! disproportions ( ! ,calv9i/ic sy/em1 exagg]at$ 9 ! popul> acceptation1 z 9 ! favorite ,day ( ,doom ( ,mi*ael ,wiggleswor?1 =c$ ! ef=t aft] practical readju/m5ts4 ,! magnify+ ( div9e sov]eignty 9 ! sav+ ( m51 to ! obscur+ ( human responsibility1 inevitably mitigat$ ! *ur*'s reprobation ( respectable p :o c\ld te/ify ( no exp]i5ce ( conv]sion1 & yet did n wi% to rel9qui% = !mselves or _! families _! relation to ! *ur*4 ,out ( ! conflict betwe5 two aspects ( !ological tru?1 & ! conflict betwe5 ! ,nationali/ & ! ,sep>ati/ conceptions ( ! *ur*1 & especially out ( ! mi/ak5 policy ( re/rict+ ! civil fran*ise to *ur*-memb]s1 came =? t device ( ! ,half-way ,cov5ant :i* provid$ = a h]$it>y quasi-memb]%ip 9 ! *ur* = wor?y p ^: lives 7 )\t sc&al1 & :o1 n hav+ be5 subjects ( an exp]i5ce ( consci\s conv]sion1 7 felt to be n altoge!r to blame = ! fact4 ,f ! same causes came =?1 & widely prevail$1 ! t5et ( ,/odd>deanism1 s call$ z orig9at+ 9 ! pa/oral "w1 &1 x is said1 9 ! p]sonal exp]i5ce1 ( ,solomon ,/odd>d1 ! sa9tly m9i/] ( ,nor?ampton f #affi till #agbi1 :5 he 0 succe$$ by 8 colleague & gr&son1 ,jona?an ,edw>ds4 ,x is ! view t ! ,"l's ,supp] is in/itut$ z a means ( reg5]ation z well z ( sanctification1 & t ^? :o are consci\sly 9 a natural condition ought n to be repell$1 b r enc\rag$ to come to x4 ,f ! same causes1 by natural sequ5ce1 came t s-call$ ,arm9ianism#ajd3a :i*1 in/ead ( urg+ ! imm$iate necessity & duty ( conv]sion1 0 cont5t ) comm5d+ a dilig5t use ( means1 :i* might be ! hopeful antec$5t ( t div9e grace4 ,^! div]g5ces f ! /raight l9es ( ! primeval ,new ,engl& ,calv9ism _h already begun to be manife/ dur+ ! lifetime ( "s ( ! f\nd]s4 ,( n less grave import 0 ! deflection f ! l(ty moral /&>d ( ! fa!rs4 ,a great ,new ,engl&]1 ,horace ,bu%nell1 ma9ta9+ 8 !sis t great migrations are foll[$ by a t5d5cy to b>b>ism1 has cit$ 9 pro( ?is "p ( ,new ,engl& hi/ory4#aje3a ,z e>ly z ! second g5]ation1 ! evil t5d5cy seem$ s =midable z to lead to ! call+1 by ! ,g5]al ,c\rt ( ,massa*usetts1 ( ! ,re=m+ ,synod ( #afgi4 ,no "o c say t ! h]oic age ( ,new ,engl& 0 pa/4 ,hi/ory has no nobl] record to %[1 ( c\rage & =titude 9 bo? m5 & wom51 ?an t ( ,new ,engl& 9 ! ,indian w>s4 ,b ! t]rors ( ^? days ( tribulation1 ! break+ up ( communities1 ! decimation ( ! population1 ! long abs5ces ( ! "y m5 on ! bloody bus9ess ( ! soldi]1 7 n favorable = matur+ ! fruits ( ! ,_s4 ,)al1 ! intrigues ( ,briti% politicians1 ! ?reat5$ or actual mole/ations ( ! civil gov]nm5ts ( ! colonies1 & ! corrupt+ influ5ces proce$+ f e c5t] ( vic]egal au?ority1 abett$ ! t5d5cy to demoralization4 ,by ! end ( ! fir/ ?ird ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 ,new ,engl&1 politically1 ecclesia/ically1 !ologically1 & morally1 _h come into a /ate ( un/able equilibrium4 ,an ov]turn is imp5d+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! set & /urdy resolution ( ! f\nd]s ( ! f\r colonies ( ! ,new ,engl& conf$]acy t ! fir/ plant+ ( _! t]ritory %\ld be on rigor\sly exclusive pr9ciples1 ) a homog5e\s & mutually cong5ial population1 "u a firm discipl9e bo? civil & ecclesia/ical1 f9ds an exp]im5tal ju/ification 9 ! hi/ory ( ! neighbor colony ( ,rhode ,isl&4 ,no commonweal? c boa/ a nobl] & pur] "n = its f\nd] ?an ! "n ( ,rog] ,williams4 ,rhode ,isl&1 f\nd$ 9 g5]\s reaction f ! exclusiv5ess ( ,massa*usetts1 embodi$ ! pr9ciple ( s\l-lib]ty 9 its e>lie/ acts4 ,! ann\ncem5t t "u its jurisdiction no man 0 to be mole/$ by ! civil p[] = 8 religi\s belief 0 a broad invitation to all :o 7 uncom=table "u ! neighbor+ !ocracies4#ajf3a ,& ! invitation 0 freely accept$4 ,! companions ( ,williams 7 re9=c$ by ! fri5ds ( ,mrs4 ,hut*9son1 "s ( !m m5 ( sub/ance & weight ( "*4 ,! increas+ numb] ( p]sons incl9$ to ,bapti/ views f\nd 9 ,rhode ,isl& a free & cong5ial atmosph]e4 ,williams himself 0 n long 9 com+ to ! ,bapti/ position & pass+ beyond x4 ,! ,quak]s f\nd ,rhode ,isl& a safe asylum f p]secution1 :e!r ,puritan or ,dut*4 ,m disord]ly & mis*iev\s *>act]s1 )al1 qu>t]$ !mselves1 unwelcome gue/s1 on ! "y commonweal?1 a ?orn 9 its side & a reproa* to its pr9ciples4 ,x became cle> to ,williams be=e 8 dea? t ! decl>ation ( individual rights & indep5d5ce is n ( itself a suffici5t f\ndation = a /ate4 ,! het]og5e\s population fail$ to settle into any /able polity4 ,aft] two g5]ations ! tyranny ( ,&ros1 s odi\s else:]e 9 ,new ,engl&1 0 actually welcome z putt+ an end to ! lib]ty t _h be5 h>dly bett] ?an an>*y4 ,! results ( ! mann] ( ! fir/ plant+ on ! gr[? ( ! *ur* 9 ,rhode ,isl& 7 ( a l sort4 ,!re is no room = "q t ! mat]ial ( a true *ur* 0 !re1 9 ! p]son ( fai?ful & consecrat$ disciples ( ,*ri/1 & !re=e !re mu/ h be5 ga!r+ toge!r 9 common wor%ip & mutual edification4 ,b ! s5se ( individual rights & responsibilities seems to h ov]%ad[$ ! love = ! :ole bro!rhood ( disciples4 ,! condition ( ! *ur* illu/rat$ ! ,sep>atism ( ,williams r$uc$ to ! absurd4 ,!re 0 feeble organization ( ,*ri/ians 9 knots & cot]ies4 ,b sixty ye>s pass$ be=e ! build+ ( ! fir/ h\se ( wor%ip 9 ,provid5ce1 & at ! end ( almo/ a c5tury !re _h n exi/$ 9 ! :ole colony m ?an eight or t5 *ur*es ( any d5om9ation1 & ^! 7 mo/ly 9 a v feeble & prec>i\s /ate4#ajg3a ,mean:ile ! inadequate comp5sations ( a /ate ( s*ism began to %[ !mselves4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( any organiz$ fell[%ip ( ! :ole !re grew up1 m ?an else:]e1 a mutual tol]ance & ev5 love among ! petty sects1 ! lesson ( :i* 0 le>n$ :]e x 0 mo/ ne$$4 ,! *ur*es ( ! /&+ ord] 9 ,massa*usetts n only admir$ b imitat$ ! peace & love :i* societies ( diff]5t modes ( wor%ip ent]ta9$ t[>d ea* o!r 9 ,rhode ,isl&4 ,9 #agah1 n =ty ye>s f ! "t :5 ,bapti/ *ur*es ceas$ to be religio illicita 9 ,massa*usetts1 ?ree =emo/ pa/ors ( ,bo/on assi/$ 9 ! ord9ation ( a m9i/] to ! ,bapti/ *ur*1 at :i* ,cotton ,ma!r prea*$ ! s]mon1 entitl$ ,good ,m5 ,unit$4 ,x conta9$ a frank confession ( rep5tance = ! p]secutions ( :i* ! ,bo/on *ur*es _h be5 guilty4#ajg3b ,!re is a d\ble lesson to be le>n$ f ! hi/ory ( ^! neighbor colonies3 fir/1 t a rigor\sly exclusive selection ( m5 l-m9d$ is ! be/ se$ = ! fir/ plant+ ( a commonweal? 9 ! wild]ness2 secondly1 t ! exclusiv5ess t is ju/ifi$ 9 ! infancy ( su* a community _c wisely1 nor ev5 righte\sly1 nor ev5 possibly1 be ma9ta9$ 9 its adolesc5ce & maturity4 ,! *ur*-/ate ( ,massa*usetts & ,new ,hav5 0 ov]?r[n at ! end ( ! fir/ g5]ation by ext]nal int]f]5ce4 ,if x _h cont9u$ a few ye>s long] x mu/ h fall5 ( itself2 b x la/$ long en\gh to be ! mold 9 :i* ! civilization ( ! "y ,/ates %\ld set & h>d54 ,,footnotes3 #hd3a ,! mutual opposition ( ,puritan & ,pilgrim is br\ght out ) emphasis 9 ,! ,g5esis ( ! ,new ,engl& ,*ur*es1 by ,l4 ,bacon1 especially *aps4 v41 vii41 xviii4 #he3a ,l4 ,bacon1 ,g5esis ( ,new ,engl& ,*ur*es1 p4 #bde4 #hg3a ,l4 ,bacon1 ,g5esis1 p4 #bde4 #hi3a ,! writ] takes leave to ref] to two essays ( 8 own1 9 ,ir5ics & ,polemics 7,new ,york1 ,*ri/ian ,lit]ature ,co41 #ahie71 = a full] /atem5t ( ?is po9t4 #ia3a ,l4 ,bacon1 ,g5esis1 p4 #dfg4 #id3a ,! phrase is us$ 9 a l>ge s5se1 z compreh5d+ ! :ole subject ( ! nature & organization ( ! visible *ur* 7,l4 ,bacon1 ,g5esis1 p4 #def1 note74 #if3a ,l4 ,bacon1 ,g5esis1 p4 #dge4 #ig3a ,l4 ,bacon1 ,g5esis1 p4 #dgg4 #ih3a ,morton's ,memorial1 9 ,palfrey1 vol4 i41 p4 #bih4 #ii3a ,palfrey1 vol4 i41 p4 #ehd4 #ajj3a ,z1 = example1 ) great amplitude by ,palfrey2 & 9 m cond5s$ =m by ,dr4 ,willi/on ,walk]1 ,congregationali/s 79 ,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies74 #ajb3a ,l4 ,bacon1 ,e>ly ,con/itutional ,hi/ory ( ,connecticut4 #ajb3b ,l4 ,bacon1 ,?irte5 ,hi/orical ,disc\rses4 ,! two mutually indep5d5t republics at ,h>t=d & ,new ,hav5 repres5t$ opposite t5d5cies4 ,t at ,new ,hav5 0 aft] ! highe/ type ( !ocracy2 ! ,connecticut colony incl9$ to ! less rigor\s model ( ,plym\?1 n exact+ *ur*-memb]%ip z a condition ( vot+4 ,h[ important ?is condition appe>$ to ! m9d ( ,dav5port may be judg$ f 8 exclamation :5 x ceas$1 at ! union ( ,new ,hav5 ) ,connecticut4 ,he wrote to a fri5d1 ,9 ,n4 ,h4 ,c4 ,*ri/'s int]e/ is mis]ably lo/2 & prep>$ to turn 8 back =ev] on ! colony ( :i* he 0 ! fa!r4 #ajd3a ,! "n1 appli$ at fir/ z a /igma to ! lib]aliz+ s*ool ( ,new ,engl& !ology1 may easily mislead if tak5 ei!r 9 its e>li] hi/oric s5se or 9 ! s5se :i* x 0 ab\t to acquire 9 ! ,wesleyan revival4 ,! surprise ( ! eighte5? c5tury ,new ,engl& !ologians at f9d+ ! ^w associat$ ) int5se f]vor ( prea*+ & ( religi\s exp]i5ce is express$ 9 ! say+1 ,!re is all ! diff]5ce betwe5 a cold ,arm9ian & a hot ,arm9ian t !re is betwe5 a cold potato & a hot potato4 ,= a lucid acc\nt ( ! subject1 see ,w4 ,walk]1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,congregational ,*ur*es1 *ap4 viii4 #aje3a ,s]mon on ,b>b>ism ! ,fir/ ,dang]4 #ajf3a ,& yet1 ev5 9 ! ,rhode ,isl& communities1 ! arbitr>y "r ( exclusion1 9 ! ex]cise ( :i* ,rog] ,williams _h be5 %ut out f ,massa*usetts1 0 ass]t$ & adopt$4 ,x 0 =bidd5 to sell l& to a newcom]1 except by cons5t ( prior settl]s4 #ajg3a ,dr4 ,j4 ,g4 ,vose1 ,congregationalism 9 ,rhode ,isl&1 pp4 #af1 #ec1 #fc4 #ajg3b ,ibid41 pp4 #ef1 #eg4 ,good m51 alas6 h done su* ill ?+s z ^!4 ,new ,engl& also has 9 =m] times done some?+ ( ?is aspect :i* w\ld n n[ be s well approv$2 9 :i*1 if ! bre?r5 9 ^: h\se we are n[ conv5$ met ) any?+ too unbro!rly1 !y n[ ) satisfaction he> u express+ our dislike ( ev]y?+ :i* look$ l p]secution 9 ! days t h pass$ ov] u4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,! ,,middle ,,colonies3 ,,! ,,j]seys1 ,,delaw>e1 ,,& ,,p5nsylvania--,,! ,,quak] ,,colonization--,,georgia4 ,! b>ga9+s & conveyanc+s1 ! confirmations & reclamations1 ! sett+ up & ov]turn+1 :i*1 aft] ! conque/ ( ! ,new ,ne!rl&s1 _h ! effect to deta* ! p59sula ( ,new ,j]sey f ! jurisdiction ( ,new ,york1 & to divide x = a "t into two gov]nm5ts1 belong to political hi/ory2 b !y _h1 ( c\rse1 an important influ5ce on ! plant+ ( ! *ur* 9 t t]ritory4 ,"o result ( !m 0 a wide div]sity ( mat]ials 9 ! e>ly gr[? ( ! *ur*4 ,t[>d ! end ( ! ,dut* occupation1 "o lonely congregation _h be5 plant$ 9 t region :i*1 at a lat] "t1 :5 ! ,dut* *ur* 9 ,am]ica _h awak$ f its le?>gy1 0 to become kn[n z ! g>d5 ( ! ,dut* *ur*4#aji3a ,aft] ! ext9ction ( ! high !ocracy ( ! ,new ,hav5 ,colony by ! m]g] ( x 9 ,connecticut1 a :ole *ur* & t[n1 head$ by ! pa/or1 hav+ secur$ su* gu>anty ( _! political lib]ty z ! un/able gov]nm5t ( ,new ,j]sey 0 able to give1 left ! homes ende>$ to !m by ?irty ye>s ( toil & ?rift1 & lift+ ! ark ( ! cov5ant by ! /aves1 set !mselves d[n beside ! ,passaic1 call+ _! plantation ! ,new-,ark1 & re9/itut$ _! fundam5tal pr9ciple ( re/rict+ ! fran*ise to memb]s ( ! *ur*4 ,?us ) "o he>t !y resolv$ to c>ry on _! spiritual & t[n affairs accord+ to godly gov]nm5t4 ,! ,puritan migration1 ( :i* ?is 0 ! nucleus1 _h an influ5ce on ! legislation & ! lat] hi/ory ( ,new ,j]sey out ( all proportion to its numb]s4 ,tw5ty ye>s lat] ! f]oci\s p]secution ( ! ,scotti% ,cov5ant]s1 :i* 0 incit$ by ! fe>s or ! bloody v9dictiv5ess ( ,james ,,ii4 aft] ! futile insurrection ( ,monm\?1 furni%$ a motive = emigration to ! be/ p 9 ,nor? ,brita91 :i* 0 quickly seiz$ & exploit$ by ! op]ators 9 ,j]sey l&s4 ,assurances ( religi\s lib]ty 7 freely giv52 m5 ( influ5ce 7 enc\rag$ to br+ ov] l>ge companies2 & 9 #afhf ! bro!r ( ! m>tyr$ ,duke ( ,argyle 0 made gov]nor ( ,ea/ ,j]sey4 ,! consid]able settlem5ts ( ,scot*m5 f\nd cong5ial neighbors 9 ! ,new ,engl&]s ( ,new>k4 ,a sy/em ( free s*ools1 e>ly e/abli%$ by a law ( ! commonweal?1 is naturally ref]r$ to _! common influ5ce4 ,mean:ile a s]ies ( ev5ts ( ! highe/ consequ5ce to ! future ( ! ,am]ican *ur* _h be5 9 progress 9 ! we/]n half ( ! prov9ce4 ,pass+ f h& to h&1 ! own]%ip & lord%ip ( ,we/ ,j]sey _h become ve/$ 9 a l& company dom9at$ by ,quak]s4 ,= ! fir/ "t 9 ! brief hi/ory ( t sect1 x 0 *>g$ ) ! responsibility ( ! organization & conduct ( gov]nm5t4 ,hi!rto x _h be5 publicly kn[n by ! fi]ce & defiant & (t5 outrage\s prote/s ( its repres5tatives aga9/ exi/+ gov]nm5ts & dignities bo? 9 /ate & 9 *ur*1 su* z expos$ !m to ! natural & reasonable suspicion ( be+ wild & mis*iev\s an>*i/s4 ,! opportunities & temptations t come to ^? 9 p[] w\ld be a te/ ( ! quality ( ! sect m sev]e ?an trial by ! c>t-tail & ! gibbet4 ,! ,quak]s bore ! te/ nobly4 ,nev] did a comm]cial company %[ itself s little m]c5>y2 nev] 0 a sov]eign m magnanim\s & unselfi%4 ,) ! op5+ ( ! prov9ce to settlem5t1 ! proprietors set =? a /atem5t ( _! purposes3 ,we lay a f\ndation = aft] ages to und]/& _! lib]ty z m5 & ,*ri/ians1 t !y may n be br\ght into bondage b by _! own cons5t2 = we put ! p[] 9 ! p4 ,?is 0 foll[$ by a code ( ,concessions & ,agreem5ts 9 =ty-f\r articles1 :i* 7 at once a con/itution ( gov]nm5t & a b9d+ compact ) su* z %\ld ent] !mselves z coloni/s on ^! t]ms4 ,!y left little to be desir$ 9 securities = p]sonal1 political1 & religi\s lib]ty4#aaa3a ,at once population began to fl[ ama94 ,9 #afgg two hundr$ & ?irty ,quak]s came 9 "o %ip & f\nd$ ! t[n ( ,burl+ton4 ,by #afha !re _h come f\rte5 hundr$4 ,weekly1 mon?ly1 qu>t]ly meet+s 7 e/abli%$2 h\ses ( wor%ip 7 built2 & 9 ,augu/1 #afha1 ! ,quak] hi]>*y 7if x may s be call$ )\t (f5se7 0 complet$ by ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,burl+ton ,ye>ly ,meet+4 ,! same ye> ! corporation1 enc\rag$ by its rapid success1 increas$ its numb]s & its capital1 b\ght out ! proprietors ( ,ea/ ,j]sey1 & appo9t$ z gov]nor ov] ! :ole prov9ce ! em95t ,quak] !ologian1 ,rob]t ,b>clay4 ,! ,quak] regime cont9u$1 n always smoo?ly1 till #afhh1 :5 x 0 ext+ui%$ by ,james ,,ii4 at ! end ( 8 p]fidi\s campaigns aga9/ ,am]ican lib]ties4 99 99 99 99 99 ,?is ent]prise ( ! ,quak] pur*ase & settlem5t ( ,new ,j]sey br+s ^u ! /age ( ,am]ican hi/ory ! great apo/le ( ,*ri/ian colonization1 ,william ,p5n4 ,he came into relation to ! ,new ,j]sey bus9ess z arbit] ( "s diff]5ces t arose betwe5 ! two ,fri5ds :o _h b\ght ,we/ ,j]sey 9 p>tn]%ip4 ,he cont9u$ 9 connection ) x :5 ! ,quak] comb9ation _h ext5d$ itself by pur*ase ov] ! :ole ,j]sey p59sula1 & he 0 a tru/$ c\nselor ( ! corporation1 & ! repres5tative ( its int]e/s at c\rt4 ,?us !re grew m & m di/9ct be=e 8 peculi>ly adv5tur\s & ent]pris+ m9d ! vision ( ! imm5se possibilities1 political1 religi\s1 & comm]cial1 ( ,am]ican colonization4 ,) admirable bus9ess %rewdness comb9$ ) c\rtly tact1 he cancel$ an o!rwise hopeless debt f ! cr[n 9 consid]ation ( ! concession to him ( a doma9 ( imp]ial weal? & dim5sions1 ) practically unlimit$ rights ( jurisdiction4 ,at once he put into ex]cise ! advantages & opportunities :i* 7 unit$ 9 him s z nev] be=e 9 ! promot] ( a l ent]prise1 & a*iev$ a success spe$y & spl5did beyond all prec$5t4 ,! provid5tial prep>ations = ?is great ent]prise--! ,holy ,exp]im5t1 z ,p5n delight$ to call x--_h be5 visibly 9 progress 9 ,engl& = n m ?an ! ?ird "p ( a c5tury4 ,x 0 n ! less div9e = be+ :olly logical & natural1 t1 j :5 ! ,puritan ,re=mation culm9at$ 9 ! victory ( ! ,commonweal?1 ! ,quak] ,re=mation %\ld sudd5ly break =?4 ,puritanism 0 ! la/ expression ( t appeal f ! *ur* to ! ,scriptures1 f exi/+ traditions ( ,*ri/ianity to its au!ntic orig9al docum5ts1 :i* is ! ess5ce ( ,prote/antism4 ,9 ,puritanism1 rev]5ce = ! ,scriptures is exagg]at$ to ! po9t ( sup]/ition4 ,! doctr9e t ,god ( old _h spok5 by holy m5 0 supplem5t$ by ! pret5sion t ,god _h long ago ceas$ s to speak & nev] w\ld s speak aga94 ,! claim t ! ,scriptures conta9 a suffici5t guide to moral duty & religi\s tru? 0 exorbitantly /ret*$ to include ! la/ details ( *ur* organization & wor%ip1 & ! m9ute direction ( political & o!r secul> affairs4 ,9 _m a case ! ,scriptures ?us appli$ did highly ennoble ! polity & legislation ( ! ,puritans4#aac3a ,9 o!r cases1 n a few1 ! ,scriptures1 p]v]t$ f _! true purpose & wre/$ by a vici\s & conceit$ exegesis1 7 br\ght into collision ) ! law writt5 on ! he>t4 ,! ,bible 0 us$ to contradict ! moral s5se4 ,x 0 high "t = ! ,quak] prote/1 & x 0 inevitable t ?is prote/ %\ld be extravagant & viol5t4 ,9 _! bold reass]tion ( ! doctr9e ( ! ,holy ,_s1 t 8 light lighte? e man :o come? into ! _w1 x is n /range t ! fir/ ,quak]s %\ld sometimes h lo/ sight ( ^? pr9ciples ! enunciation ( :i* gives su* a "* ( sob] sanity to ! apo/olic tea*+s on ?is subject--t a div9e influ5ce on ! m9d does n dis*>ge "o f ! duty ( self-control1 b t ! spirits ( ! prophets are subject to ! prophets2 t ! div9e inwork+ does n susp5d nor sup]s$e man's volition & activity1 b t x behooves man to "w1 because ,god worke? 9 him to w & to "w4 ,! lapse f ^! *>act]i/ically ,*ri/ian pr9ciples into ! en?usia/ic1 fanatic1 or hea!n conception ( inspiration has be5 a p]petually recurr+ incid5t 9 ! hi/ory ( ! *ur* 9 all ages1 & especially 9 times ( deep & e>ne/ spiritual feel+4 ,b 9 ! case ( ! ,quak] revival x 0 att5d$ mo/ conspicu\sly by its evil consequ5ces4 ,half-crazy or m ?an half-crazy adv5tur]s & hy/]ical wom51 tak+ up fanta/ical missions 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l1 & nev] s happy z :5 !y felt call$ ( ,god to "s peculi>ly outrage\s c\rse ( behavior1 associat$ !mselves ) s9c]e & consci5ti\s re=m]s1 add+ to ! unpopul>ity ( ! new op9ions ! odium ju/ly due to _! own misdemeanors4 ,b ! prophet ^: life & prea*+ _h begun ! ,quak] ,re=mation 0 n f\nd want+ 9 ! gifts :i* ! case requir$4 ,l o!r great religi\s f\nd]s1 ,george ,fox comb9$ ) pr(\nd religi\s conviction a high degree ( tact & common s5se & ! faculty ( organization4 ,:ile ! gospel ( ! ,light t lighte? e man 0 spe$+ ) wond]ful swiftness to ! ends ( ! e>?1 !re 0 gr[+ 9 ! h&s ( ! f\nd] ! framework ( a discipl9e by :i* ! elem5ts ( disord] %\ld be controll$4#aad3a ,! result 0 a firmly articulat$ organization compact$ by common fai? & zeal & mutual love1 & by ! ext]nal pressure ( fi]ce p]secution ext5d+ ?r\gh\t ! ,briti% empire on bo? sides ( ! ocean4 ,ent]+ into cont95tal ,europe1 ! ,quak] ,re=mation f\nd itself anticipat$ 9 ! progress ( religi\s hi/ory4 ,! prote/s ( ! ,anabapti/s aga9/ :at !y deem$ ! %ortcom+s ( ! ,lu!ran ,re=mation _h be5 att5d$ ) f> wild] extravagances ?an ^? ( ! e>ly ,quak]s1 & _h be5 repress$ ) ru?less sev]ity4 ,b ! political & militant ,anabapti/s 7 succe$$ by communities ( mild & in(f5sive non-resi/ants1 gov]n+ !mselves by a n>r[ & rigor\s discipl9e1 & diff]+ f ! ord] ( ,quak]s ma9ly at ?is po9t1 t :]eas ! ,quak]s reject$ all sacram5ts1 ^! insi/$ /r5u\sly on _! own views ( ,baptism & ! ,supp]1 & add$ to !m ! ord9ance ( ! ,wa%+ ( ,feet4 ,^! communities 7 to be f\nd ?r\gh\t ,prote/ant ,europe1 f ! ,alps to ! ,nor? ,sea1 b 7 be/ kn[n 9 ,holl& & ,l[] ,g]many1 :]e !y 7 call$ ,m5nonites1 f ! prie/1 ,m5no ,simons1 :o1 a hundr$ ye>s be=e ,george ,fox1 _h enunciat$ ! same pr9ciples ( duty f\nd$ on ! /rict int]pretation ( ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt4 ,! comb9ation ( circum/ances to promote ! ,holy ,exp]im5t ( ,william ,p5n is some?+ prodigi\s4 ,h[ he c\ld be a pett$ favorite at ! %ameful c\rt ( ! la/ two ,/u>ts1 :ile 8 bre?r5 ?r\gh\t ! realm 7 langui%+ "u p]secution1 is a fact n 9 itself honorable1 b capable ( be+ honorably expla9$2 & bo? ! p]secution & ! c\rt favor help$ on 8 ent]prise4 ,! "t 0 opportune2 ! p]iod ( tragical unc]ta9ty 9 colonization 0 pa/2 emigration _h come to be a ri*ly promis+ ent]prise4 ,= lead] ( ! ent]prise :at end[m5t 0 lack+ 9 ! elegantly accompli%$ "y c\rti]1 hold+ z 8 own ! ri*e/ doma9 t c\ld be c>v$ out ( a cont95t1 :o 0 at ! same "t bro!r1 9 unaffect$ humility & unb\nd$ g5]osity1 9 a great frat]nity b\nd toge!r by pr9ciples ( ascetic self-d5ial & devotion to ! k+dom ( ,god8 ,p5n's address invit+ coloni/s to 8 new doma9 ann\nc$ ! outl9es ( 8 s*eme4 ,8 great p[]s ( jurisdiction 7 held by him only to be transf]r$ to ! future inhabitants 9 a free & righte\s gov]nm5t4 ,i purpose1 said he1 consci\s ( ! magnanimity ( ! int5tion1 = ! matt]s ( lib]ty1 ,i purpose t :i* is extraord9>y--to leave myself & successors no p[] ( do+ mis*ief1 t ! w ( "o man may n h9d] ! good ( a :ole c\ntry2 & add$1 9 language :i* might h fall5 f 8 intimate fri5d1 ,alg]non ,sidney1 b 0 fully expressive ( 8 own views1 ,x is ! great end ( gov]nm5t to support p[] 9 rev]5ce ) ! p1 & to secure ! p f ! abuse ( p[]2 = lib]ty )\t ob$i5ce is confusion1 & ob$i5ce )\t lib]ty is slav]y4#aaf3a ,) assurances ( univ]sal civil & religi\s lib]ty 9 con=mity ) ^! pr9ciples1 he (f]$ l& at =ty %ill+s = a hundr$ acres1 subject to a small quit-r5t4 ,?r\gh ! correspond5ce ( ! ,fri5ds' meet+s1 ^! proposals c\ld be br\ght to ! att5tion ( _m ?\s&s ( p1 sift$ & cull$ by p]secution1 ! be/ /uff = a colony 9 all ! ,unit$ ,k+dom4 ,! response 0 imm$iate4 ,)9 a ye> ?ree %ip-loads ( emigrants w5t out4 ,! next ye> ,p5n himself w5t ) a company ( a hundr$1 & /ay$ long en\gh to see ! gov]nm5t organiz$ by ! free act ( ! coloni/s on ! pr9ciples :i* he _h set =?1 & 9 t brief soj\rn ( two ye>s to witness ! beg9n+s ( a spl5did prosp]ity4 ,8 city ( ,philadelphia consi/$ 9 ,augu/1 #afhc1 ( ?ree or f\r little cottages4 ,two ye>s aft]w>d x conta9$ ab\t six hundr$ h\ses1 & ! s*oolma/] & ! pr9t+-press _h begun _! "w4#aag3a ,! gr[? w5t on accel]at+4 ,9 "o ye> sev5 ?\s& settl]s are said to h arriv$2 be=e ! end ( ! c5tury ! coloni/s numb]$ m ?an tw5ty ?\s&1 & ,philadelphia _h become a ?riv+ t[n4#aag3b ,b ,great ,brita91 al?\gh ! *ief s\rce ( population1 0 n ! only s\rce4 ,x _h be5 "p ( ! provid5tial equipm5t ( ,p5n = 8 great "w to end[ him ) ! gift ( tongues & br+ him into intimate relations ) ! _m congregations ( ! brok5 & p]secut$ sects k9dr$ to 8 own on ! cont95t ( ,europe4 ,! summ] & autumn ( #afgh1 f\r ye>s be=e 8 com+ to ,p5nsylvania1 _h be5 sp5t by him1 9 company ) ,george ,fox1 ,rob]t ,b>clay1 & o!r em95t ,fri5ds1 9 a mission t\r ?r\gh ,holl& 7:]e he prea*$ 9 8 "m's own language7 & ,g]many4 ,! fruit ( ?is prea*+ & ( previ\s missions appe>$ 9 an unexpect$ =m4 ,"o ( ! fir/ important accessions to ! colony 0 ! company ( ,m5nonites l$ by ,pa/orius1 ! ,p5nsylvania ,pilgrim1 :o f\nd$ ,g]mant[n1 n[ a beautiful suburb ( ,philadelphia4 ,gr\p aft] gr\p ( picturesque devotees t _h be5 driv5 into seclusion & ecc5tricity by long & cruel p]secution--! ,tunk]s1 ! ,s*w5kfeld]s1 ! ,ami%--kept com+ & br++ ) !m _! traditions1 _! cu/oms1 _! sacr$ books1 _! timid & pa!tic disposition to hide by !mselves1 sometimes 9 quasi-mona/ic communities l t at ,ephrata1 sometimes 9 actual h]mitage1 z 9 ! rav9es ( ! ,wissahickon4 ,b ! mo/ important contribution ( ?is k9d came f ! suff]+ villages ( ! ,rh5i% ,palat9ate ravag$ ) fire & sword by ! ,fr5* armies 9 #afhh4 ,s num]\s 7 ! fugitives f ! ,palat9ate t ! "n ( ,palat9e came to be appli$ 9 g5]al to ,g]man refugees1 f :atev] region4 ,?is migration ( ! ,g]man sects 7to be di/+ui%$ f ! lat] migration f ! e/abli%$ ,lu!ran & ,re=m$ *ur*es7 furni%$ ! mat]ial = t curi\s ,p5nsylvania ,dut* population :i* = m ?an two c5turies has la9 ency/$1 s to speak1 9 ! body politic & ecclesia/ic ( ,p5nsylvania1 speak+ a b>b>\s j>gon ( its own1 & refus+ to assimilate ) ! surr\nd+ p4 ,x 0 ! r\gh e/imate ( ,dr4 ,frankl9 t colonial ,p5nsylvania 0 made up ( "o ?ird ,quak]s1 "o ?ird ,g]mans1 & "o ?ird miscellane\s4 ,! l>ge/ item "u ?is la/ head 0 ! ,wel%1 mo/ ( !m ,quak]s1 :o _h be5 invit$ by ,p5n ) ! promise ( a sep>ate tract ( =ty ?\s& acres 9 :i* to ma9ta9 _! own language1 gov]nm5t1 & in/itutions4 ,happily1 ! natural & patriotic long+ ( ^! immigrants = a ,new ,wales on ?is side ! sea 0 n to be realiz$4 ,! ,wel% ,b>ony became soon a m]e geographical tradition1 & ! :ole /r5g? ( ?is f]vid & religi\s p enri*$ ! commonweal?4#aah3a ,sev]al notable beg9n+s ( *ur* hi/ory belong to ! lat] "p ( ! p]iod "u consid]ation4 ,an int]e/+ l9e ( div]g5ce f ! curr5t tea*+s ( ! ,fri5ds 0 l$1 t[>d ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 by ,george ,kei?1 = ?irty ye>s a recogniz$ prea*] ( ! ,society4 ,"o is impress$1 9 a sup]ficial glance at ! /ory1 ) ! reasonabl5ess & wisdom ( "s ( ,kei?'s positions1 & ) ! intellectual vigor ( ! man4 ,b ! discussion grew into an acrimoni\s controv]sy1 & ! controv]sy deep5$ into a s*ism1 :i* culm9at$ 9 ! dis[n+ ( ,kei? by ! ,fri5ds 9 ,am]ica1 & aft]w>d by ! ,london ,ye>ly ,meet+1 to :i* he _h appeal$4 ,dropp$ ?us by 8 old fri5ds1 he 0 tak5 up by ! ,engli% ,episcopalians & orda9$ by ! ,bi%op ( ,london1 & 9 #agjb return$ to ,am]ica z ! fir/ mission>y ( ! newly organiz$ ,society = ! ,propagation ( ! ,gospel 9 ,=eign ,p>ts4 ,an active mission>y campaign 0 begun & su/a9$ by ! l>ge res\rces ( ! ,v5]able ,society until ! outbreak ( ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce4 ,! movem5t _h great advantages = success4 ,x 0 next ( k9 to ! expir+ ,sw$i% ,lu!ran ,*ur* 9 ! ?ree c\nties t became aft]w>d ! ,/ate ( ,delaw>e1 & heir to its v5]able edifices & its good w2 x 0 ! (ficial & c\rt *ur* ( ! royal gov]nors1 & aft] ! deg5]ate sons ( ,william ,p5n ab&on$ ! simple wor%ip1 z well z ! clean liv+1 9 :i* _! fa!r delight$1 x 0 ! *ur* promot$ by ! propriet>y int]e/2 )al x prov$ itself1 bo? !n & aft]w>d1 to hold a deposit ( tru? & ( usages ( wor%ip peculi>ly adapt$ to supplem5t ! defects ( ! ,quak] sy/em4 ,x is n easy to expla9 ! ill success ( ! ent]prise4 ,9 ,philadelphia x took /rong root1 & ! build+1 9 #agbg1 ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 :i* survives to ?is day1 a monum5t ( ar*itectural beauty z well z hi/orical int]e/1 m>ks an important epo* 9 ! progress ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ,am]ica4 ,b 9 ! rural di/ricts ! "w langui%$4 ,p>i%es1 seem+ly well equipp$1 fell into a deplorable condition2 *ur*es 7 clos$ & p>i%es dw9dl$ away4 ,ab\t ! ye> #agbd ,gov]nor ,kei? report$ to ! ,bi%op ( ,london t outside ! city !re 7 twelve or ?irte5 little edifices1 at times suppli$ by "o or o!r ( ! poor mission>ies s5t f ! society4 ,ne>ly all t _h be5 ga9$ by ! ,episcopal ,*ur* 9 ,p5nsylvania1 :]e ! ,v5]able ,society _h ma9ta9$ at times =ty-sev5 mission>ies & tw5ty-f\r c5tral /ations1 0 wip$ out by ! ,revolution>y ,w>4#abj3a ,ano!r great beg9n+ t comes )9 ! field ( vision 9 ! fir/ f\r decades ( ! eighte5? c5tury is ! plant+ ( ! great national *ur*es ( ,g]many4 ,we h obs]v$ ! migration ( ! m9or sects ( ,g]many--s complete1 9 "s cases1 t ! entire sect 0 transplant$1 leav+ no repres5tative 9 ! fa!rl&4 ,9 ! mix$ multitude ( refugees f ! ,palat9ate & o!r ravag$ prov9ces 7 _m belong+ bo? to ! ,lu!ran & to ! ,re=m$ *ur*es1 z well z "s ,ca?olics4 ,b !y 7 scatt]$ z %eep hav+ no %eph]d4 ,! ,g]man ,lu!ran & ,re=m$ immigration 0 de/9$ to atta9 by & by to enorm\s proportions2 b s late 0 ! consid]able expansion ( x1 & s t>dy & ineffici5t ! att5tion giv5 to ?is diaspora by ! "m *ur*es1 t ! classical organization ( ! ,re=m$ ,*ur* dates only f #agdg1 & t ( ! ,lu!ran ,*ur* f #agfj4aba3a ,! beautiful c>e] ( ! ,moravians began 9 ,p5nsylvania s late z #agcd4 ,9 g5]al x may be said t ! ,g]man-,am]ican *ur* 0 affect$ only indirectly by ! ,great ,awak5+4 ,b ! greate/ 9 its consequ5ces1 bo? religi\s & political1 ( ! great beg9n+s 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 0 ! fir/ fl[ ( ! swell+ tide ( ! ,scot*-,iri% immigration4 ,already1 9 #affi1 an ,engli% ,presbyt]ian1 ,mat!w ,hill1 p]suad$ to ! "w by ,ri*>d ,baxt]1 0 m9i/]+ to _m ( ! ,re=m$ religion 9 ,m>yl&2 & 9 #afhc an appeal f !m to ! ,iri% presbyt]y ( ,laggan _h br\ght ov] to _! aid t /urdy & fe>less man ( ,god1 ,francis ,makemie1 ^: successful def5se 9 #agjg1 :5 unlawfully imprison$ 9 ,new ,york by t unsavory def5d] ( ! ,anglican fai?1 ,"l ,cornbury1 gave assurance ( religi\s lib]ty to 8 communion ?r\gh\t ! colonies4 ,9 #agje he 0 mod]ator ( ! fir/ presbyt]y 9 ,am]ica1 numb]+ six m9i/]s4 ,at ! end ( twelve ye>s ! numb] ( m9i/]s1 includ+ accessions f ,new ,engl&1 _h gr[n to sev5te54 ,b x 0 n until #agah t ?is migration began 9 e>ne/4 ,z e>ly z #agbe ,james ,logan1 ! ,scot*-,iri%-,quak] gov]nor ( ,p5nsylvania1 speak+ 9 ! _s ( prophecy1 decl>es t x looks z if ,irel& 7 to s5d all h] inhabitants hi!r2 if !y cont9ue to come !y w make !mselves proprietors ( ! prov9ce4 ,x 0 a broad-spread1 ri* alluvium sup]impos$ ^u e>li] /rata ( immigration1 out ( :i* 0 to spr+ ! /urdy gr[? ( ,am]ican ,presbyt]ianism1 z well z ( o!r ,*ri/ian organizations4 ,b by #agcj x 0 only ! turbid & fecul5t flood t 0 visible to mo/ obs]v]s2 ! heal?ful & fruitful gr[? 0 yet to come4#abb3a ,! colony ( ,georgia makes its appe>ance among ! ?irte5 ,briti% colonies 9 ,am]ica1 9 #agcc1 z "o born out ( due "t4 ,b no colony ( all ! ?irte5 _h a m di/9ctly ,*ri/ian orig9 ?an ?is4 ,! f\ndations ( o!r ,am]ican commonweal?s _h be5 laid 9 fai? & hope1 b ! rul+ motive ( ! f\nd+ ( ,georgia 0 *>ity1 & t is ! greate/ ( ^! ?ree4 ,! _s :i* dom9at$ 9 ! measures tak5 = ! beg9n+ ( ! ent]prise 0 embodi$ 9 "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ p]sonages ( ! dre>y eighte5? c5tury--,g5]al ,james ,ogle?orpe4 ,8 ev5tful life cov]$ ! great] "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 b 9 "s ( ! lead+ traits ( 8 "* & incid5ts ( 8 c>e] he 0 r a man ( ! n9ete5?4 ,at ! age ( tw5ty-"o he 0 already a vet]an ( ! army ( ,pr9ce ,eug5e1 hav+ s]v$ ) honorable di/9ction on ! /aff ( t great comm&]4 ,return+ to ,engl&1 9 #agbb he ent]$ ,p>liam5t1 & soon atta9$ :at 9 t age 0 ! almo/ solit>y di/9ction ( a social re=m]4 ,he procur$ ! appo9tm5t ( a special committee to inve/igate ! condition ( ! debtors' prisons2 & ! %ock+ revelations t ensu$ l$ to a beg9n+ ( re=mation ( ! cruel & b>b>\s laws ( ,engl& conc]n+ imprisonm5t = debt4 ,b be+ ( ! high] type ( re=m]s1 he 0 n cont5t ) su* negative "w4 ,he *]i%$ & elaborat$ a s*eme t %\ld op5 a new c>e] = ^? ^: ill success 9 life _h subject$ !m to ! pa9s & ! ignom9y due to crim9als4 ,x 0 prim>ily = su* z ^! t he project$ ! colony ( ,georgia4 ,b to a m9d l 8 ! victims ( inju/ice 9 e l& 7 objects ( practical sympa?y4 ,8 colony %\ld be an asylum = suff]]s f religi\s p]secution f :atev] qu>t]4 ,! ent]prise 0 organiz$ av[$ly z a "w ( *>ity4 ,! t]ritory 0 ve/$ 9 tru/ees1 :o %\ld receive no pay or emolum5t = _! s]vices4 ,ogle?orpe himself gave 8 unpaid labor z milit>y & civil head ( ! colony1 decl9+ to receive 9 return s mu* z a settl]'s allotm5t ( l&4 ,an appropriation ( t5 ?\s& p\nds 0 made by ,p>liam5t = ! promotion ( ! "w--! only gov]nm5t subsidy ev] grant$ to an ,am]ican colony4 ,) eag] & unselfi% hopes ( a noble s]vice to be r5d]$ to humanity1 ! g5]\s soldi] emb>k$ ) a pick$ company ( "o hundr$ & tw5ty emigrants1 & on ! #ab? ( ,febru>y1 #agcc1 l&$ at ! foot ( ! bluff on :i* n[ /&s ! city ( ,savannah4 ,! attractions ( ! g5ial climate & f]tile soil1 ! lib]al t]ms ( invitation1 & ! spl5did s*emes ( pr(itable indu/ry 7 dilig5tly adv]tis$1 & came to ! k ( t noble "y en?usia/1 ,z9z5dorf1 c\nt & ,moravian bi%op1 ^: e/ate ( ,h]rnhut 9 ,lusatia _h become an asylum = p]secut$ ,*ri/ians2 & mission>y coloni/s ( t ,moravian *ur* ( :i* e memb] 0 a mission>y1 & companies ( ! exil$ ,salzburg]s1 ! cruelty ( ^: suff]+s ar\s$ ! univ]sal indignation ( ,prote/ant ,europe1 7 m+l$ ) ! un=tunates f ,engli% prisons 9 successive %ip-loads ( emigrants4 ,"o su* %ip's company1 among ! e>lie/ to be add$ to ! new colony1 includ$ "s mighty factors 9 ! future *ur* hi/ory ( ,am]ica & ( ! _w4 ,9 ,febru>y1 #agcf1 a company ( ?ree hundr$ coloni/s1 ) ,ogle?orpe at _! head1 l&$ at ,savannah4 ,among !m 0 a re9=cem5t ( tw5ty coloni/s = ! ,moravian settlem5t1 ) ,bi%op ,david ,nits*mann1 & "y ,*>les ,wesley1 secret>y to ! gov]nor1 & 8 eld] bro!r1 ,john1 n[ ?irty-?ree ye>s old1 eag] = ! "w ( evangeliz+ ! hea!n ,indians--an int5sely n>r[1 ascetic1 ,high-*ur* rituali/ & sacram5t>ian4 ,! voyage 0 a memorable "o 9 hi/ory4 ,amid ! t]rors ( a p]il\s /orm1 ,wesley1 s liable to be lift$ up ) ! pride t apes humility1 0 humbl$ z he contra/$ ! agitations ( 8 own p ) ! *e]ful fai? & composure ( 8 ,g]man %ipmates2 & soon aft] ! l&+ he 0 t\*$ ) ! primitive simplicity & beauty ( ! ord9ation s]vice ) :i* a pa/or 0 set ov] ! ,moravian settlem5t by ,bi%op ,nits*mann4 ,dur+ ! tw5ty-two mon?s ( 8 s]vice 9 ,georgia1 ?r\gh ! ascetic toils & privations :i* he inflict$ on himself & tri$ to inflict on o!rs1 he seems z "o :om ! law has tak5 sev]ely 9 h& to lead him to ,*ri/4 ,x 0 aft] 8 return f ,am]ica1 among ! ,moravians1 fir/ at ,london & aft]w>d on a visit to ,h]rnhut1 t he 0 taught ! way ( ! ,"l m p]fectly4#abe3a ,! ?ree %ipmates1 ! ,wesleys & ,bi%op ,nits*mann1 did n rema9 long toge!r4 ,nits*mann soon return$ to ,g]many to lead a new colony ( 8 bre?r5 to ,p5nsylvania2 ,*>les ,wesley rema9$ = f\r mon?s at ,fr$]ica1 & !n recross$ ! ocean1 we>y ( ! h>dness ( ! p's he>ts2 &1 except = ! pa9ful & humiliat+ discipl9e :i* 0 prep>+ him to take ! :ole _w to be 8 p>i%1 x _h be5 well = ,john ,wesley if he _h return$ ) 8 bro!r4 ,nev] did a really great & good man act m l a fool ?an he did 9 8 ,georgia mission4 ,! prie/ly arrogance ) :i* he attempt$ to en=ce 8 crot*ets ( *ur*man%ip on a mix$ community 9 ! edge ( ! wild]ness culm9at$ at la/ 9 8 hurl+ ! ?und]bolts ( excommunication at a girl :o _h jilt$ him1 foll[$ by 8 slipp+ away f ! colony betwe5 two days1 ) an indictm5t = defamation on record aga9/ him1 & 8 return+ to ,london to resign to ! ,society = ! ,propagation ( ! ,gospel 8 commission z mission>y4 ,j z he 0 l&+1 ! %ip 0 sett+ sail :i* bore to 8 des]t$ field 8 old ,ox=d fri5d & associate 9 ! ,me?odi/ ,club1 ,george ,:itefield1 !n j beg9n+ ! c>e] ( meteoric spl5dor :i* = ?irty-two ye>s dazzl$ ! obs]v]s ( bo? hemisph]es4 ,he l&$ 9 ,savannah 9 ,may1 #agch4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ ( ,:itefield's "w 9 ,am]ica4 ,b x 0 n ! beg9n+ ( ! ,great ,awak5+4 ,= _m ye>s !re _h be5 wait+ & long+ z ( !m t wat* = ! morn+4 ,at ,r>itan & ,new ,brunswick1 9 ,new ,j]sey1 & else:]e1 !re _h be5 prelusive gleams ( dawn4 ,& at ,nor?ampton1 9 ,decemb]1 #agcd1 ,jona?an ,edw>ds _h se5 ! sudd5 daybreak & rejoic$ ) exce$+ great joy4 ,,footnotes3 #aji3a ,corw91 pp4 #eh1 #abh4 #aaa3a ,x is notable t ! concessions (f]$ already by ,c>t]et & ,b]keley 9 #affd conta9$ an unlimit$ pl$ge ( religi\s lib]ty1 any law1 /atute1 usage1 or cu/om ( ! realm ( ,engl& to ! contr>y not)/&+ 7,mul=d1 ,hi/ory ( ,new ,j]sey1 p4 #acd74 ,a half-c5tury ( exp]i5ce 9 colonization _h satisfi$ "s m9ds t ! pr9ciple adopt$ by ! ,quak]s = consci5ce' sake 0 also a s\nd bus9ess pr9ciple4 #aac3a ,see ! v9dication ( ! act ( ! ,new ,hav5 coloni/s 9 adopt+ ! laws ( ,moses z ! /atute-book ( ! colony1 9 ! ,?irte5 ,hi/orical ,disc\rses ( ,l4 ,bacon1 pp4 #bi-cb4 ,! greate/ & bolde/ improvem5t :i* has be5 made 9 crim9al jurisprud5ce by any "o act s9ce ! d>k ages 0 t :i* 0 made by our fa!rs :5 !y det]m9$ 't ! judicial laws ( ,god1 z !y 7 deliv]$ by ,moses1 & z !y are a f5ce to ! moral law1 be+ nei!r typical nor c]emonial nor hav+ any ref]5ce to ,canaan1 %all be acc\nt$ ( moral equity1 & g5]ally b9d all (f5d]s & be a rule to all ! c\rts4' #aad3a ,= ! deal+ ( ,fox ) ! case ( ,john ,p]rot1 :o _h a div9e call to we> 8 hat 9 meet+1 see ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,society ( ,fri5ds1 by ! ,messrs4 ,?omas1 pp4 #aig-aii 7,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies1 vol4 xii474 #aaf3a ,quot$ 9 ,bancr(t1 vol4 iii41 p4 #cff4 #aag3a ,bancr(t1 vol4 ii41 p4 #cib4 #aag3b ,h4 ,c4 ,lodge1 p4 #bac4 #aah3a ,= a full] acc\nt ( ! s\rces ( ! population ( ,p5nsylvania1 see ,! ,mak+ ( ,p5nsylvania1 by ,sydney ,george ,fi%] 7,philadelphia1 #ahif74 #abj3a ,tiffany1 ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 pp4 #baj-bab1 #bbj4 ,9 a few in/ances ! "w suff]$ f ! unfit "* ( ! mission>ies4 ,a m common fault 0 ! vulg> proselyt+ _s :i* appe>s 9 ! mission>ies' reports 7,dige/ ( ,s4 ,p4 ,g4 ,records1 pp4 #ab-gi74 ,a c]ta9 naif insul>ity sometimes betrays itself 9 _! incapacity to adapt !mselves to _! new-_w surr\nd+s4 ,brave & zeal\s ,mr4 ,b>ton 9 ,cumb]l& ,c\nty recites a =midable li/ ( sects into :i* ! p are divid$1 & ) unconsci\s humor rec\nts 8 ef=ts to introduce "o sect m 7ibid41 p4 #cg74 ,!y c\ld h>dly und]/& t 9 cross+ ! ocean !y did n br+ ) !m ! pr]ogatives ( a national e/abli%m5t1 b 7 9 a position ( diss5t f ! exi/+ e/abli%m5ts4 ,x griev$ !m t ,*ur* ( ,engl& m5 %\ld be /igmatiz$ ) ! grim & horrid title ( diss5t]s 7,! ,mak+ ( ,p5nsylvania1 p4 #aib74 ,"o ( ! mo/ pa!tically amus+ in/ances ( ! misfit ( ! ,engli%man 9 ,am]ica is t ( ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,poy] at ,jamaica1 ,l4 ,i4 ,! meet+-h\se & glebe-l&s t _h be5 provid$ by ! p ( t p>i% = ! use ( !mselves & _! pa/or 7 gott51 nei!r honorably nor lawfully1 into ! possession ( ! mission>y ( ! ,s4 ,p4 ,g4 & 8 scanty foll[+1 & held by him 9 spite ( law & ju/ice = tw5ty-five ye>s4 ,at la/ ! own]s ( ! prop]ty succe$$ 9 evict+ him by process ( law4 ,! victim ( ?is p]secution report$ pla9tively to ! society 8 great & almo/ cont9ual cont5tions ) ! ,indep5d5ts 9 8 p>i%4 ,! litigation _h be5 ov] ! sal>y settl$ = ! m9i/] ( t p>i%1 & also ov] ! glebe-l&s4 ,b by a late ,tryal at ,law he has lo/ !m & ! ,*ur* itself1 ( :i* 8 congregation has _h ! possession = tw5ty-five ye>s4 ,! grievance w5t to ! he>t ( 8 congregation1 :o bewail ! emp]i\s behavi\r ( ^! our enemies1 :o /ick n to call !mselves ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* & u ,diss5t]s 7,dige/ ( ,s4 ,p4 ,g4 ,records1 p4 #fa2 ,corw91 ,dut* ,*ur*1 pp4 #ajd1 #aje1 #abf1 #abg74 #aba3a ,dubbs1 ,re=m$ ,*ur*1 p4 #bha2 ,jacobs1 ,! ,lu!rans1 p4 #bfj4 #abb3a ,r4 ,e4 ,?ompson1 ,! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*es1 pp4 #bb-bi2 ,s4 ,s4 ,gre51 ,! ,scot*-,iri% 9 ,am]ica1 pap] be=e ! ,am]ican ,antiqu>ian ,society1 ,april1 #ahie4 ,! great bulk ( ! emigrants came to ?is c\ntry at two di/9ct p]iods ( "t3 ! fir/ f #agah to ! middle ( ! c5tury1 ! second f #agga to #aggc4444 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! fam9e ( #agdj & #agda1 x is /at$ t = sev]al ye>s aft]w>d #ab1jjj emigrants annually left ,ul/] = ! ,am]ican plantations2 :ile f #agga to #aggc ! :ole emigration f ,ul/] is e/imat$ at #cj1jjj1 ( :om #aj1jjj are weav]s 7,gre51 p4 #g74 ,! companies t came to ,new ,engl& 9 #agah 7 ma9ly absorb$ by ! ,congregationalism ( t region 7,?ompson1 p4 #ae74 ,! *ur* f\nd$ 9 ,bo/on by ! ,iri% ,presbyt]ians came 9 c\rse ( "t to h = its pa/or ! em95t ,william ,ell]y ,*ann+ 7,gre51 p4 #aa74 ,s9ce ! organization ( ! annual ,scot*-,iri% ,congress 9 #ahhi1 ! lit]ature ( ?is subject has become copi\s4 7,see ,bibliographical ,note at ! end ( ,mr4 ,gre5's pamphlet47 #abe3a ,! beautiful /ory ( ! processional progress ( ! ,salzburg exiles across ! cont95t ( ,europe is well told by ,dr4 ,jacobs1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,lu!rans1 pp4 #aec-aei1 ) a copi\s extract f ,bancr(t1 vol4 iii41 :i* %[s t t le>n$ au?or did n di/+ui% ! ,salzburg]s f ! ,moravians4 ,! acc\nt ( ! %ip's company 9 ! /orm1 9 ,dr4 ,jacobs's t5? *apt]1 is full ( int]e/4 ,!re is a pa!tic probability 9 8 sugge/ion t 9 ! hymn ,jesus1 lov] ( my s\l1 we h ,*>les ,wesley's rem9isc5ce ( ^? sc5es ( p]il & t]ror4 ,= ?is episode 9 ! *ur* hi/ory ( ,georgia z se5 f diff]5t po9ts ( view1 see ,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies1 vols1 iv41 v41 vii41 viii4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,! ,,am]ican ,,*ur* ,,on ,,! ,,eve ,,( ,,! ,,great ,,awak5+--,a ,,g5]al ,,view4 ,by ! end ( "o hundr$ ye>s f ! settlem5t ( ,massa*usetts important *anges _h come ^u ! *a9 ( colonies along ! ,atlantic seabo>d 9 ,am]ica4 ,9 ! old] colonies ! p _h be5 born on ! soil at two or ?ree g5]ations' remove f ! orig9al coloni/s1 or belong$ to a lat] /ratum ( migration sup]impos$ ^u ! fir/4 ,! exhau/+ toil & privations ( ! pione] _h be5 succe$$ by a good measure ( ?rift & com=t4 ,!re 7 yet bloody campaigns to be f\ght out aga9/ ! f]ocity & craft ( savage enemies wield$ by ! /rategy ( ,*ri/ian neighbors2 b ! sev]e/ /ress ( ! ,indian w>s 0 pass$4 ,9 diff]5t degrees & accord+ to curi\sly div]se types1 ! in/itutions ( a ,*ri/ian civilization 7 becom+ settl$4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ?is hundr$ ye>s ! political organization ( ^! v>i\s colonies _h be5 drawn into an approa* to uni=mity4 ,9 e "o ( !m1 except+ ,connecticut & ,rhode ,isl&1 ! royal or propriet>y gov]nm5t 0 repres5t$ by a gov]nor & 8 /aff1 appo9t$ f ,engl&1 & furni%+ a po9t ( contact :i* 0 9 e case & all ! "t a po9t ( friction & irritation betwe5 ! colony & ! "m c\ntry4 ,! reckless laxity ( ! e>ly ,/u>t *>t]s1 :i* p]mitt$ ! creation ( practically indep5d5t democratic republics ) *ur*es free f ! ,engli% hi]>*y1 0 succe$$1 "u ! ,h\se ( ,orange1 by some?+ t look$ l a /atesmanlike c>e = ! pr]ogatives ( ! cr[n & ! privileges ( ! ,engli% *ur*4 ,?r\gh\t ! colonies1 at e vic]egal resid5ce1 x 0 und]/ood t ?is *ur*1 ev5 :]e x 0 n e/abli%$ by law1 0 ! favor$ (ficial & c\rt *ur*4 ,b inasmu* z ! royal gov]nors 7 (ficially odi\s to ! p1 & at ! same "t 9 _m cases m5 ( despicable p]sonal "*1 _! influ5ce did little m ?an create a little sect ( ! ,h]odians )9 ! range ( _! patronage4 ,b ?\gh x gave no real advantage to ! pref]r$ *ur*1 x 0 effective 7z 9 ,massa*usetts7 9 break+ d[n ! exclusive pret5sions ( o!r organizations4 ,! ,massa*usetts !ocracy1 s call$1 fell ) ! revocation ( ! *>t] by ,james ,,ii4 ,x _h /ood = ne>ly fifty ye>s--long en\gh to accompli% ! ma9 end ( t ,nationali/ pr9ciple :i* ! ,puritans1 not)/&+ _! frat]niz+ ) ! ,pilgrim ,sep>ati/s1 _h nev] let g4 ,! organization ( ! *ur* ?r\gh\t ,new ,engl&1 except+ ,rhode ,isl&1 _h gone =w>d 9 ev5 /ep ) ! advance ( population4 ,two rules _h ) ^! coloni/s ! =ce ( axioms3 fir/1 t x 0 ! duty ( e t[n1 z a ,*ri/ian community1 to su/a9 ! t[n *ur*2 secondly1 t x 0 ! duty ( e citiz5 ( ! t[n to contribute to ?is end accord+ to 8 ability4 ,! break+ up ( ! t[n *ur* by s*isms & ! %irk+ ( individual duty on ! gr\nd ( diss5t 7 alike disc\nt5anc$1 sometimes by sev]ely intol]ant measures4 ,! ultimate collision ( ^! pr9ciples ) ! /urdy individualism t _h be5 accept$ f ! ,sep>ati/s ( ,plym\? 0 inevitable4 ,x came :5 ! /&+ ord] enc\nt]$ ! ,bapti/ & ! ,quak] consci5ce4 ,x came aga9 :5 ! mission>ies ( ! ,engli% e/abli%$ *ur*1 ) s+ul> unconsci\sness ( ! humor ( ! situation1 plead$ ! sacr$ "r ( diss5t+ & ! ess5tial inju/ice ( compell+ diss5t]s to support ! p>i% *ur*4#abi3a ,! prote/ may h be5 illogical1 b x 0 made effective by argum5ts ( weight1 back$ by all ! =ce ( ! ,briti% gov]nm5t4 ,! exclusiv5ess ( ! ,new ,engl& !ocracies1 already relax$ 9 its application to o!r sects1 0 !nce=? at an end4 ,! sev]ity ( *ur* e/abli%m5t 9 ,new ,engl& 0 s f> mitigat$ z at la/ to put an actual premium on diss5t4 ,hold+ /ill t e citiz5 is b\nd to aid 9 ma9ta9+ ! in/itutions ( public wor%ip1 x reliev$ any "o ( 8 assessm5t = ! support ( ! p>i% *ur* ^u 8 fil+ a c]tificate t he 0 contribut+ to ! support ( ano!r congregation1 ?us provid+ t any disaffection to ! *ur* ( ! t[n mu/ be organiz$ & active4 ,x 0 ! v eu?anasia ( e/abli%m5t4 ,b ! /ate-*ur* & *ur*-/ate did n cease to be until !y _h accompli%$ t = ,new ,engl& :i* has nev] be5 accompli%$ else:]e 9 ,am]ica--! divid+ ( ! settl$ regions into def9ite p>i%es1 ea* ) its *ur* & its le>n$ m9i/]4 ,! democratic autonomy ( ea* *ur* 0 jeal\sly gu>d$1 & yet !y 7 all knit toge!r by t]ms ( loose conf$]ation into a vital sy/em4 ,! impracticable notion ( a ?reefold m9i/ry 9 ea* *ur*1 consi/+ ( pa/or1 tea*]1 & rul+ eld]1 fail$ long be=e ! fir/ g5]ation _h pass$2 b1 ) ?is exception1 x may ju/ly be said t ! noble ideal ( ! ,puritan fa!rs ( ,new ,engl& ( a ,*ri/ian /ate 9 ! ,new ,_w1 :]e9 dwelle? righte\sness1 01 at ! end ( a hundr$ ye>s f _! plant+1 realiz$ ) a complet5ess n common to su* prophetic dreams4 ,s solid & vital1 at ! po9t ( "t :i* we h assum$ 7#agcj71 seem$ ! cohesion ( ! /&+ ord] 9 ,new ,engl&1 t only two inconsid]able defections are visible to ! hi/orian4 ,! t5d5cy t[>d ,bapti/ pr9ciples e>ly disclos$ itself among ! coloni/s4 ,! example ( ,rog] ,williams 0 foll[$ by less notable in/ances2 ! %ameful intol]ance ) :i* "s ( ^! 7 treat$ %[s h[ =midable ?is t5d5cy seem$ to ^? 9 au?ority4 ,b a m />tl+ defection appe>$ ab\t ! ye> #afej1 :5 ,presid5t ,dun/] ( ,h>v>d ,college1 a man mo/ honorable & lovable1 signifi$ 8 adoption ( ! ,bapti/ t5ets4 ,! treatm5t ( him 0 ung5]\s1 & = a "t ! petty p]secutions t foll[$ s]v$ r to discr$it ! cl]gy ?an really to h9d] ! spread ( ,bapti/ pr9ciples4 ,9 ! ye> #agah ! ,bapti/ *ur* ( ,bo/on receiv$ frat]nal recognition f ! =emo/ repres5tatives ( ! ,congregational cl]gy ( ,bo/on1 ) a public confession ( ! wrong t !y _h done4#acj3a ,x is surpris+ to f9d1 aft] all ?is agitation & s[+ ( ! se$ ( ! *ur*1 t 9 all ,new ,engl& outside ( ,rhode ,isl& !re are 9 #agcj only six ,bapti/ *ur*es1 includ+ 7an honorable item7 two ,indian *ur*es on ! isl&s ( ,m>?a's ,v9ey>d & ,nantucket4#aca3a ,! o!r dep>ture f ! /&+ ord] 0 at ?is date h>dly m ext5sive4 ,! e>ly plant+ ( ,episcopalian *ur*es 9 ,ma9e & ,new ,hamp%ire1 ) g5]\s patronage & end[m5t1 _h langui%$ & di$4 ,9 #afgi !re 0 no ,episcopal m9i/] 9 all ,new ,engl&4 ,9 #agjb 7 begun ! en]getic & ri*ly support$ missions ( ! ,s4 ,p4 ,g4 ,at ! end ( tw5ty-eight ye>s !re 7 9 ,rhode ,isl& f\r ,episcopalian *ur*es2 9 ,massa*usetts1 ?ree1 two ( !m 9 ! city ( ,bo/on2 9 ,connecticut1 ?ree4#aca3b ,b 9 ! la/-nam$ colony an incid5t _h occurr$1 hav+ app>5tly no intimate connection ) ! ,v5]able ,society's missions1 b *>g$ ) weighty1 & on ! :ole b5efic5t1 consequ5ces = ! future ( ! k+dom ( ,*ri/ 9 ,am]ica4 ,! incid5t 0 /rik+ly p>allel to t ( sev5ty ye>s be=e1 :5 ! presid5t ( ,h>v>d ,college ann\nc$ 8 acceptance ( ,bapti/ pr9ciples4 ,! day aft] ! ,yale comm5cem5t 9 ,septemb]1 #agbb1 a mode/ & respectful pap] 0 pres5t$ to ! tru/ees ( ! college1 sign$ by ,rector ,timo?y ,cutl] & ,tutor ,br[n 7:o con/itut$ ! entire faculty ( ! college7 & by five pa/ors ( good /&+ 9 ! ,connecticut *ur*es4 ,two o!r pa/ors ( note 7 nam$ z ass5t+ to ! pap]1 al?\gh n subscrib+ x4 ,x seem$ a =midable proportion ( ! ,connecticut cl]gy4 ,! purport ( ! pap] 0 to signify t ! sign]s 7 d\btful ( ! validity1 or p]suad$ ( ! invalidity1 ( presbyt]ial z di/+ui%$ f episcopal ord9ation4 ,! matt] 0 consid]$ ) ! gravity :i* x m]it$1 & a mon? lat]1 at ! "t ( ! meet+ ( ! colonial legislature1 0 made ! subject ( a public discussion1 presid$ ov] ) great dignity & am5ity by ,gov]nor ,gurdon ,salton/all1 =m]ly pa/or ( ! *ur* 9 ,new ,london4 ,! result 0 t1 ( ! sev5 pa/ors ass5t+ to ! pap] ( ! two college m51 only two adh]$ to !m2 b "o ( ^! two 0 t able & excell5t ,samuel ,johnson1 ^: lat] c>e] z presid5t ( ,k+'s ,college 9 ,new ,york1 z well z ! c>e] ( 8 no less di/+ui%$ son1 is an ornam5t to ,am]ican hi/ory bo? ( *ur* & /ate4 ,?is secession1 small 9 numb]1 b weighty 9 "*1 0 ( c\rse a pa9ful %ock to ! hi!rto unbrok5 unity ( ! *ur* & cl]gy ( ,connecticut4 ,b x 0 n q l a ?und]bolt f a cle> sky4 ,x _h be5 imm$iately prec$$ by n a little conf]5ce & correspond5ce ) ,connecticut pa/ors on ! "o h&1 & on ! o!r h& ) repres5tatives ( ! p[]ful & weal?y ,propagation ,society1 on ! "q ( support to be receiv$ f ,engl& = ^? :o %\ld sec$e4 ,its prior antec$5ts rea*$ f>!r back into hi/ory4 ,! ,bapti/ convictions ( ! presid5t ( ,h>v>d 9 #afej 7 n m cle>ly 9 l9e ) ! individualism ( ! ,plym\? ,sep>ati/s ?an ! scruples ( ! rector ( ,yale 9 #agbb 7 9 l9e ) ! ,nationalism ( ,higg9son & ,w9?rop4 ,?is s5tim5t1 especially /rong 9 ,connecticut1 _h giv5 rise to mu* /udy z to ! be/ =m ( a colonial *ur* con/itution2 & ! results ( ?is _h rec5tly be5 embodi$ 79 #agjh7 9 ! mildly classical sy/em ( ! ,saybrook ,plat=m4 ,! filial love ( ! ,puritan coloni/s t[>d ! "m *ur* ( ,engl& 0 by no means ext9ct 9 ! ?ird g5]ation4 ,alongside ( ! inevitable repugnance felt & manife/$ t[>d ! arrogance1 insol5ce1 & viol5ce ) :i* ! claims ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur* 7 comm5d$ by royal gov]nors & _! atta*es & by "s ( ! import$ mission>ies1 !re is ample evid5ce ( k9dly & frat]nal feel+1 f> beyond :at might h be5 expect$1 on ! "p ( ! ,new ,engl& cl]gy t[>d ! repres5tatives ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,! fir/ mission>ies ( ! ,v5]able ,society1 ,kei? & ,talbot1 arriv+ 9 ,new ,engl& 9 #agjb1 met ) welcome f "s ( ! m9i/]s1 :o bo? hospitably ent]ta9$ u 9 _! h\ses & reque/$ u to prea* 9 _! congregations1 :i* accord+ly we did1 & receiv$ great ?anks bo? f ! m9i/]s & p4#acc3a ,"o ( ^! hospitable pa/ors 0 ! ,rev4 ,gurdon ,salton/all1 ( ,new ,london1 :o tw5ty ye>s lat]1 z gov]nor ( ! colony1 presid$ at ! debate :i* foll[$ ^u ! demission ( ,rector ,cutl]4 ,! imm$iate results ( :at _h be5 expect$ to lead (f a l>ge defection f ! colonial cl]gy 7 num]ically insignificant2 b v f> f insignificant 0 ! fact t 9 ,connecticut a s9c]e & spontane\s movem5t t[>d ! ,episcopal ,*ur* _h aris5 among m5 honor$ & belov$1 ^: ecclesia/ical views 7 n ta9t$ ) self-seek+ or s]vility or ) an unpatriotic %ame = _! colonial home & sympa?y ) its political enemies4 ,else:]e 9 ,new ,engl&1 & l>gely 9 ,connecticut also1 ! ,episcopal ,*ur* 9 its beg9n+s 0 h&icapp$ ) a dead-weight ( sup]cili\s & odi\s ,toryism4 ,! example ( a man l ,johnson %[$ t "o might become an ,episcopalian )\t ceas+ to be a patriotic ,am]ican & )\t hold+ himself alo( f ! fell[%ip ( good m54 ,! conf]5ce 9 ,yale ,college libr>y1 ,septemb] #ac1 #agbb1 r ?an ! plant+ ( a sy/em ( exotic missions1 m>ks ! true epo* f :i* to date ! progress ( a g5u9ely ,am]ican ,episcopal ,*ur*4#acd3a ,cross+ ! rec5tly settl$ b\nd>y l9e into ,new ,york1 n yet ris5 to rank ) ! =emo/ colonies1 we f9d 9 #agcj a deep5+ ( ! e>ly "*1 :i* _h m>k$ t colony1 ( wide div]sity among ! ,*ri/ian p 9 po9t ( race1 language1 doctr9al op9ion1 & ecclesia/ical connection4 ,! anci5t ,dut* *ur*1 rally+ f its almo/ asphyxia1 _h begun n only to receive new life1 b1 "u ! f]vid spiritual influ5ce ( ,dom9e ,frel+huys51 to h x m abundantly & to become a means ( quick5+ to o!r communions4 ,x 0 be>+ fruit1 b its fruit _h n se$ )9 itself aft] its k9d4 ,x cont9u$ to suff]1 9 common ) "s o!r import$ *ur* sy/ems1 f dep5d+ on a transatlantic hi]>*y = ! succession ( its m9i/ry4 ,! supply ( import$ m9i/]s cont9u$ to be mis]ably inadequate to ! ne$4 ,9 ! fir/ f\r decades ( ! c5tury ! numb] ( its congregations m ?an d\bl$1 ris+ to a total ( sixty-five 9 ,new ,york & ,new ,j]sey2 & = ^! sixty-five congregations !re 7 n9ete5 m9i/]s1 almo/ all ( !m f ,europe4 ,?is body ( *ur*es1 s inadequately mann$1 0 /ill fur!r limit$ 9 its activities by ! cont9ually contract+ b>ri] ( ! ,dut* language4 ,! ,engli% *ur*1 enjoy+ ! pre/ige ( royal favor & pr9cely munific5ce1 suff]$ also ! drawbacks incid5tal to ^! advantages--! odium att5d+ ! unju/ & despotic measures resort$ to = its advancem5t1 ! vile "* ( royal (ficials1 :o condon$ _! private vices by a m o/5tati\s zeal = _! (ficial *ur*1 & ! well-f\nd$ popul> suspicion ( its p]vad+ disloyalty to ! int]e/s & ! lib]ties ( ! colonies 9 _! antagonism to ! encroa*m5ts ( ! ,briti% gov]nm5t4 ,x 0 repres5t$ by "o congregation 9 ! city ( ,new ,york1 & p]haps a doz5 o!rs ?r\gh\t ! colony4#ace3a ,x is to ! honor ( ! m9i/]s ( ?is *ur* t x succe$$ 9 s good a measure 9 triumph+ ov] its advantages4 ,! e>ly pa/ors ( ,tr9ity ,*ur* adorn$ _! doctr9e & _! confession1 & "o su* example z t ( ! ,rev4 ,?or\ghgood ,moor did mu* to r$eem ! "* ( ! *ur* f ! disgrace ca/ ^u x by ! lives ( its patrons4 ,?is fai?ful mission>y _h ! signal honor ( be+ imprison$ by ! dirty b zeal\s ,"l ,cornbury 7own c\s9 to h] ,maje/y ! ,que51 & aft]w>d ,e>l ( ,cl>5don71 ( :om he _h said1 :at ev]ybody knew1 t he des]v$ to be excommunicat$2 & he _h fur!r (f5d$ by refus+ ! communion to ! lieut5ant-gov]nor1 ^u ! acc\nt ( "s debau* & abom9able swe>+4#ace3b ,!re 0 surely "s vigor\s spiritual vitality 9 a religi\s body :i* c\ld survive ! patroniz+ ( a succession ( su* creatures z ,cornbury & 8 crew ( extortion]s & pr(ligates4 ,a ?ird elem5t 9 ! e>ly ,*ri/ianity ( ,new ,york 0 ! ,presbyt]ians4 ,^! 7 repres5t$1 at ! op5+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 by t =]unn] ( ! ,scot*-,iri% immigration1 ,francis ,makemie4 ,! arre/ & imprisonm5t ( ,makemie 9 #agjf1 "u ! au?ority ( ,"l ,cornbury1 = ! (f5se ( prea*+ ! gospel )\t a lic5se f ! gov]nm5t1 8 /urdy def5se & 8 acquittal1 make an epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( religi\s lib]ty 9 ,am]ica1 & a p]ceptible /ep 9 ! direction ( ,am]ican political lib]ty & indep5d5ce4 ,! imm5se volume & /r5g? ( ! ,scot*-,iri% immigration _h h>dly begun to be p]ceptible 9 ,new ,york z e>ly z #agcj4 ,! total /r5g? ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* 9 #agje 0 organiz$ 9 ,philadelphia into a solit>y presbyt]y conta9+ six m9i/]s4 ,9 #agag1 ! numb] hav+ gr[n to sev5te51 ! "o presbyt]y 0 divid$ into f\r1 :i* con/itut$ a synod2 & "o ( ! f\r 0 ! presbyt]y ( ,new ,york & ,new ,j]sey4 ,b x 0 obs]v$1 at lea/ x might h be5 obs]v$1 t ! gr[+ ,presbyt]ianism ( ?is nor!rnmo/ region 0 recruit$ ma9ly f old ,engl& & f ,new ,engl&--a fact on :i* 7 to dep5d important consequ5ces 9 lat] ecclesia/ical hi/ory4 ,! *ief increm5t ( ! presbyt]y ( ,new ,york & ,new ,j]sey 0 9 ?ree p>ts1 ea* ( !m plant$ f ,new ,engl&4 ,! *ur*es f\nd$ f ,new ,hav5 ,colony 9 ! neighborhood ( ,new>k & ,elizabe?t[n1 & ! *ur*es f\nd$ by ,connecticut settl]s on ,long ,isl& :5 ?is 0 includ$ 9 ! jurisdiction ( ,connecticut1 easily & )\t s]i\s objection con=m$ _! organization to ! ,presbyt]ian ord]4 ,! fir/ wave ( ! p]5nial we/w>d migration ( ! ,new ,engl&]s1 z x fl[$ ov] ! hills f ! valley ( ! ,h\satonic into ! valley ( ! ,hudson1 0 obs]v$ by ,dom9e ,selyns1 away back 9 #afif1 to be att5d$ by _m prea*]s educat$ at ,h>v>d ,college4#acg3a ,b ! *ur*es :i* !y f\nd$ grew into ! type1 n ( ,cambridge nor ( ,saybrook1 b ( ,we/m9/]4 ,! facility ) :i* ! ,new ,engl& ,*ri/ians1 mov+ we/w>d or s\?we/w>d f _! cold nor!a/]n corn] ( ! c\ntry1 h commonly cons5t$ to =ego _! *]i%$ usages & traditions ( *ur* ord] & accept ^? 9 use 9 _! new homes1 & especially _! read9ess 9 con=m+ to ! ,presbyt]ian polity1 has be5 a subject ( undue lam5tation & regret to _m :o h lack$ ! faculty ( recogniz+ 9 x "o ( ! highe/ honors ( ! ,new ,engl& *ur*4 ,b :e!r approv$ or condemn$1 a fact s unusual 9 *ur* hi/ory1 & especially 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican *ur*1 is entitl$ to "s /udy4 #a4 ,x is to be expla9$ 9 "p1 b n altoge!r1 by ! high motive ( a will+ness to sacrifice p]sonal pref]5ces1 habits1 & convictions ( judgm5t1 on matt]s n ( prim>y importance1 to ! great] g5]al good ( ! community4 #b4 ,! ,presbyt]ian polity is ! logical expression ( t ,nationali/ pr9ciple :i* 0 *]i%$ by _m ( ! ,puritan fa!rs1 :i* cont5d$ at ! bir? ( ,new ,engl& ) ! m]e ,indep5d5cy ( ! ,pilgrims1 & :i* f\nd an imp]fect embodim5t 9 ! plat=ms ( ,cambridge & ,saybrook4 ,! ,new ,engl& fa!rs 9 g5]al1 be=e _! views suff]$ a sea-*ange 9 ! c\rse ( _! migrations1 7 ,episcopalians & ,presbyt]ians r ?an ,congregationali/s2 & if1 9 ! c\rse ( ?is hi/ory1 we %all f9d _m 9 _! lat] g5]ations con=m+ to a mitigat$ =m ( ! ,we/m9/] polity1 or to a lib]aliz$ & ,am]icaniz$ ,episcopal ,*ur*1 in/ead ( f9d+ ?is to be a deg5]ation1 we %all d well to ask :e!r x is n r a rev]sion to type4 #c4 ,^? :o gr[ up 9 a solidly unit$ ,*ri/ian community are 9 a fair way to be tra9$ 9 ! simplicity ( ! gospel1 & n 9 any specialties ( controv]sy ) cont5d+ or compet+ sects4 ,memb]s ( ! p>i% *ur*es ( ,new ,engl& go+ we/ _h an advantage above mo/ o!rs1 9 t !y c\ld g simply z repres5tatives ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 & n ( a sect ( ! *ur*1 or ( "o side ( "s controv]sy 9 :i* !y _h nev] _h occasion to int]e/ !mselves4 #d4 ,! pr9ciple ( congregational indep5d5cy1 n s mu* inculcat$ z act$ on 9 ,new ,engl&1 c>ries ) x ! coroll>y t a congregation may be ,presbyt]ian or ,episcopalian or ,me?odi/1 if x judges be/1 )\t !reby giv+ ! individual ,*ri/ian any ju/ification = secession or s*ism4 #e4 ,! *ange1 9 ! we/w>d movem5t ( ,*ri/ian civilization1 f ! congregational ord] to ! classical1 co9cides ) ! *ange 9 ! frame ( civil polity f t[n gov]nm5t to c\nty gov]nm5t4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ! civil /ate 9 ,new ,engl& 0 fram$ aft] ! model ( ! *ur*4#ach3a ,x is 9 accordance ) ! common c\rse ( *ur* hi/ory t :5 ! p 7 transport$ f ! mid/ ( pure democracies to ! mid/ ( repres5tative republics _! *ur* in/itutions %\ld take on ! "* ( ! environm5t4 ,! o!r factors ( ! religi\s life ( ,new ,york require only brief m5tion4 ,!re 7 consid]able ,quak] communities1 especially on we/]n ,long ,isl&1 9 ,flu%+ & its neighborhood4 ,b be=e ! ye> #agcj ! f]vid & viol5t & wond]fully brief e>ly en?usiasm ( ?is ,society _h long be5 wan+1 & ! ,society1 w9n+ no accessions & suff]+ frequ5t losses 9 its memb]%ip1 0 laps+ into t middle age ( ,quak]ism#aci3a 9 :i* x made itself felt 9 ! life ( ! p ?r\gh its almo/ passive1 b yet effective1 prote/s aga9/ popul> wrongs4 ,inconsid]able 9 numb]1 b ( ! noble/ quality1 0 ! immigration ( ,fr5* ,hugu5ots1 :i* j be=e & j aft] ! revocation ( ! ,edict ( ,nantes br\ght to ,new ,york & its neighborhood a half-doz5 congregations1 accompani$ by pa/ors ^: le>n+1 piety1 & devotion to ! "w ( ,*ri/ 7 wor?y ( t s*ool ( m>tyrdom 9 :i* !y _h be5 tra9$4 ,!y 7 n num]\s en\gh1 nor compactly en\gh settl$1 to ma9ta9 _! own language 9 use1 & soon became m]g$1 "s 9 ! ,dut* *ur* & "s 9 ! ,engli%4 ,"s ( _! lead+ pa/ors accept$ sal>ies f ! ,propagation ,society1 t5d]$ to !m on condition ( _! accept+ ! ord9ation & con=m+ to ! ritual ( ! ,engli% *ur*4 ,! ,fr5* ,re=m$ ,*ur* does n appe> organically 9 ! lat] hi/ory ( ! colony1 b ! hi/ory ( ! ,/ate & ( ! nation is nev] l>gely writt5 )\t commemorat+1 by ! record ( family names made illu/ri\s 9 e dep>tm5t ( honorable activity1 ! ri* contribution made to ! ,am]ican *ur* & nation by ! cruel bigotry & ! political fatuity ( ,l\is ,,xiv4#aci3b ,! ,g]man elem5t 9 ! religi\s life ( ,new ,york1 at ! p]iod "u consid]ation1 0 ( ev5 less hi/orical importance4 ,! political philan?ropy ( ,que5 ,anne's gov]nm5t1 ) a di/9ct und]/&+ betwe5 ! "r h& & ! left1 took active measure to promote ! migration ( ,prote/ant refugees f all p>ts ( ,g]many to ! ,engli% colonies 9 ,am]ica4 ,9 ! ye> #agji a great company ( ^! unhappy exiles1 commonly call$ poor ,palat9es f ! desolat$ region :5ce _m ( !m _h be5 driv5 out1 7 dropp$1 helpless & fri5dless1 9 ! wild]ness ( ,s*oh>ie ,c\nty1 & f\nd !mselves !re practically 9 a /ate ( slav]y ?r\gh _! ignorance ( ! c\ntry & its language4 ,!re 7 few to c>e = _! s\ls4 ,! ,society = ! ,propagation ( ! ,gospel 0 promptly 9 ! field1 ) its dilig5t mission>ies & its ignoble policy ( do+ ! "w ( ,*ri/ & humanity ) a %rewd eye to ! ma9 *ance ( mak+ proselytes to its p>ty4#adj3a ,) a t>d9ess :i* x is difficult n to speak ( z *>act]i/ic1 aft] ! lapse ( tw5ty-"o ye>s ! classis ( ,am/]dam recogniz$ its responsibility = ?is multitude ( w&]+ %eep2 & at la/1 9 #agic1 ! ,g]man ,re=m$ ,*ur* _h s f> emancipat$ itself f its bondage to ! old-c\ntry hi]>*y z to assume1 almo/ a c5tury too late1 ! cure ( ^! poor s\ls4 ,b ?is migration add$ little to ! religi\s life ( ! ,new ,york ,colony1 except a new elem5t ( div]sity to a p already suffici5tly het]og5e\s4 ,! great] "p ( ^! few ?\s&s gladly f\nd _! way to ! m hospitable colony ( ,p5nsylvania1 leav+ traces ( !mselves 9 family names scatt]$ "h & !re1 & 9 c]ta9 local names1 l t ( ,palat9e ,bridge4 ,! g5]al impression left on ! m9d by ?is survey ( ! ,*ri/ian p ( ,new ,york 9 #agcj is ( a mass ( almo/ hopelessly incongru\s mat]ials1 out ( :i* ! brood+ ,_s ( ,god %all by & by br+ =? ! unity ( a new creation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! population ( ! two ,j]seys cont9u$ to be> ! "* impress$ on x by ! orig9al colonization4 ,we/ ,j]sey 0 pr$om9antly ,quak]2 ,ea/ ,j]sey %[$ 9 its in/itutions ( *ur* & s*ool ! m>ks made ^u x by ! m+l+ ( ,scot* & ,yankee4 ,b !re 0 "o po9t at :i* influ5ces _h c5t]$ :i* 7 to make ,new ,j]sey ! se$-plot ( a new gr[? ( *ur* life = ! cont95t4 ,! intol]able tyranny ( ,"l ,cornbury 9 ,new ,york1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 _h driv5 _m ( ! ,dut* ,*ri/ians ( t colony across ! ,hudson4 ,! langui%+ v9e ?rove by transplant+4 ,9 ! cong5ial neighborhood ( ! ,calv9i/s ( ,scotl& & ,new ,engl& ! clu/] ( *ur*es 9 ! region ( ,new ,brunswick came to be kn[n z ! g>d5 ( ! ,dut* *ur*4 ,to ?is region1 be>+ a "n de/9$ to great honor 9 ,am]ican *ur* hi/ory1 came f ,holl&1 9 #agbj1 ,dom9e ,!odore ,j4 ,frel+huys54 ,! f]vor & e>ne/ness ( 8 prea*+1 unwont$ 9 t age1 wak5$ a religi\s feel+ 9 8 own congregation1 :i* ov]fl[$ ! limits ( a s+le p>i% & became z "o ( ! /reams t make glad ! city ( ,god4 ,9 ! ye> #agah !re arriv$ at ! port ( ,philadelphia an ,iri%man1 ,william ,t5n5t1 ) 8 f\r sons1 ! elde/ a boy ( fifte54 ,he 0 n a ,scot*-,iri%man1 b an ,engli%-,iri%man--a cl]gyman ( ! e/abli%$ ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* ( ,irel&4 ,he lo/ no "t 9 connect+ himself ) ! ,presbyt]ian synod ( ,philadelphia1 & aft] a few ye>s ( pa/oral s]vice 9 ! colony ( ,new ,york became pa/or ( ! ,presbyt]ian *ur* at ,ne%am9y1 9 ,p5nsylvania1 tw5ty miles nor? ( ,philadelphia4 ,"h 8 zeal = ,*ri/ian education mov$ him to beg9 a s*ool1 :i*1 call$ f ! humble build+ 9 :i* x 0 held1 became fam\s 9 ,am]ican ,presbyt]ian hi/ory z ! ,log ,college4 ,"h 7 educat$ _m m5 :o became em95t 9 ! m9i/ry ( ! gospel1 & among !m ! f\r boys :o _h come ) _! fa!r f ,irel&4 ,gilb]t1 ! elde/ & mo/ di/+ui%$ ( !m1 came 9 #agbg1 f 8 tempor>y position z tutor 9 ! ,log ,college1 to be pa/or to ! ,presbyt]ian *ur* 9 ,new ,brunswick1 :]e ,frel+huys51 9 ! face ( opposition f 8 own bre?r5 9 ! m9i/ry1 _h = sev5 ye>s pursu$ 8 deeply spiritual & fruitful "w z pa/or to ! ,dut* *ur*4 ,:atev] debate !re may be ov] ! "q ( an (ficial & tactual succession 9 ! *ur*1 ! exi/5ce ( a vital & spiritual succession1 b9d+ ! g5]ations ea* to ea*1 ne$ n be disput$ by any4 ,sometimes1 z "h1 ! succession is di/9ctly traceable4 ,gilb]t ,t5n5t 0 own son 9 ! m9i/ry to ,!odore ,frel+huys5 z truly z ,timo?y to ,paul1 b he became spiritual fa!r to a great multitude4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 ! ye> #agcj ! total population ( ,p5nsylvania 0 e/imat$ by ,gov]nor ,gordon at =ty-n9e ?\s&4 ,9 ! less ?an fifty ye>s s9ce ! colony 0 settl$ x _h out/ripp$ all ! old] colonies1 & ,philadelphia1 its *ief t[n1 cont9u$ to be by f> ! mo/ important port = ! l&+ ( immigrants4 ,! orig9al ,quak] influ5ce 0 /ill dom9ant 9 ! colony1 b ! v l>ge majority ( ! population 0 ,g]man2 & pres5tly ! ,quak]s 7 to f9d _! political supremacy dep>t+1 & 7 to acquiesce 9 ! *ange by abdicat+ political pref]m5t4#adc3a ,! religi\s influ5ce ( ! ,society ( ,fri5ds cont9u$ to be pot5t & 9 _m respects mo/ salut>y4 ,b ! exceptional gr[? & prosp]ity ( ! colony 0 att5d$ ) a va/ une>n$ increm5t ( weal? to ! fir/ settl]s1 & ! maxim1 ,religio pep]it divitias1 et mat] devorata e/ a prole1#adc3b receiv$ "o ( ! mo/ /rik+ illu/rations 9 all hi/ory4 ,s spe$ily ! ,society _h ent]$ on its ,middle ,age2#adc3c ! mo/ viol5t ( prote/s aga9/ =malism _h begun to congeal into a precise & sometimes frivol\s sy/em ( =malities4 ,b ! la/+ impress made on ! legislation ( ! colony by ,p5n & 8 contempor>ies is a monum5t ( _! wise & ,*ri/ian /atesman%ip4 ,up to _! "t ! mo/ humane p5al codes 9 ,*ri/5dom 7 ^? ( ,new ,engl&1 f\nd$ on ! ,mosaic law4 ,b ev5 9 ^!1 & /ill m 9 ! application ( !m1 !re 7 traces ( t widely preval5t feel+ t puni%m5t is society's bitt] & malignant rev5ge on ! crim9al4 ,! p5al code & ! prison discipl9e ( ,p5nsylvania became an object ( admir+ /udy = social re=m]s ! _w ov]1 & m>k$ a long /age 9 ! advancem5t ( ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,! city ( ,philadelphia e>ly took ! lead ( ,am]ican t[ns1 n only 9 size1 b 9 its public *>ities & its cultivation ( humane arts4 ,not)/&+ ^! em95t honors1 !re is mu* 9 ! lat] hi/ory ( ! great commonweal? 9 :i* ,quak]ism held dom9ion = ! great] "p ( a c5tury to reflect d\bt on ! fitness ( t =m ( ,*ri/ianity = conduct+ ! affairs1 ei!r civil or religi\s1 ( a great community4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! p]sonal duty ( non-resi/ance ( evil1 z inculcat$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 t conflicts ) ! functions ( ! civil gov]nor--ev5 ! function ( be>+ ! sword z ,god's m9i/]4 ,r1 ea* ( ^! is ! complem5t & c\nt]p>t ( ! o!r4 ,among ! e>ly colonial gov]nors no man wield$ ! sword ( ! rul] m effectively ?an ! ,quak] ,ar*dale 9 ! ,c>ol9as4 ,x is :5 ?is law ( p]sonal duty is assum$ z ! pr9ciple ( public gov]nm5t t ! ord] ( society is inv]t$1 & ! function ( ! magi/rate is inevitably tak5 up by ! individual1 & ! old wild]ness law ( blood-rev5ge is re9/itut$4 ,! legislation ( ,william ,p5n involv$ no abdication ( ! p[] ( ! sword by ! civil gov]nor4 ,! enactm5t1 h[ev] sp>+1 ( capital laws conc$$ by implication e po9t t is claim$ by ,*ri/ian morali/s 9 ju/ification ( w>4 ,b x is h>dly to be d\bt$ t ! t5d5cy ( ,quak] politics s to conduct civil gov]nm5t z t x %all resi/ n evil is responsible = "s ( ! /range p>adoxes 9 ! lat] hi/ory ( ,p5nsylvania4 ,! commonweal? 0 f\nd$ 9 good fai? on pr9ciples ( mutual good w ) ! ,indians & t5d] reg>d = ,indian rights1 ( religi\s lib]ty & int]confessional amity1 & ( a p]man5t peace policy4 ,its hi/ory has be5 *>act]iz$1 beyond t ( o!r ,/ates1 by f\l play t[>d ! ,indians & protract$ ,indian w>s1 by acrimoni\s & sometimes bloody sect>ian conflicts1 by ob/9ate insurrections aga9/ public ord]1#add3a & by cruel & ext]m9at+ w> ^u hone/ settl]s1 f\nd$ on a m]e op5 "q ( title to t]ritory4#add3b ,! failure ( ,quak]ism is ev5 m conspicu\s consid]$ z a *ur* discipl9e4 ,!re is a *>m z ( apo/olic simplicity & beauty 9 its unassum+ hi]>*y ( weekly1 mon?ly1 qu>t]ly1 & ye>ly meet+s1 correspond+ by epi/les & by ! visits ( travel+ evangeli/s1 :i* realizes ! type ( ! primitive *ur* pres5t$ 9 ,! ,tea*+ ( ! ,twelve ,apo/les4 ,b x 0 nev] able to outgr[1 9 ! l>ge & free field to :i* x 0 transplant$1 ! defects incid5t to its orig9 9 a prote/ & a s*ism4 ,x nev] le>n$ to comm5d itself to m5 z a *ur* = all ,*ri/ians1 & nev] ceas$ to be1 ev5 9 its own consci\sness1 a cot]ie ( speciali/s4 ,p5n1 to be sure1 9 8 y\?ful ov]zeal1 _h claim$ exclusive & univ]sal rights = ,quak]ism z ! alone good way ( life & salvation1 all religions1 fai?s1 & wor%ips besides be+ 9 ! d>kness ( apo/asy4#ade3a ,b aft] ! abatem5t ( t wond]ful fir/ f]vor :i* )9 a lifetime c>ri$ its l9e into all ! e>?1 & its words to ! ends ( ! _w1 x 0 impossible to hold x to ?is pit*4 ,claim+ no div9e "r to all m5's allegiance1 x felt no duty ( op5+ ! door to all m5's access4 ,x 0 free to exclude f ! meet+ on arbitr>y & ev5 on frivol\s gr\nds4 ,z zeal decay$1 ! en]gies ( ! ,society 7 ma9ly %[n 9 prote/+ & exclud+ & expell+4 ,god's husb&ry does n prosp] :5 8 s]vants are ov]-e>ne/ 9 root+ up t>es4 ,! c\rse ( ! ,society ( ,fri5ds 9 ! eighte5? c5tury 0 suicidal4 ,x held a noble opportunity ( act+ z pa/or to a great commonweal?4 ,x miss$ ?is great opportunity1 = :i* x 0 p]haps con/itutionally disqualifi$1 & devot$ itself to edify+ its own memb]s & gu>d+ its own purity4 ,s x 0 t1 sav+ its s\l1 x lo/ x4 ,! v9ey>d mu/ be tak5 away f x4 ,& !re 7 no o!r husb&m5 to take ! v9ey>d4 ,! petty ,g]man sects1 repres5t+ s l>ge a "p ( ! population1 7 isolat$ by _! language & habits4 ,! ,lu!rans & ! ,re=m$1 tra9$ 9 e/abli%$ *ur*es to ! me?ods & responsibilities ( p>i% "w1 7 n yet repres5t$ by any organization4 ,! ,scot*-,iri% ,presbyt]ian immigration 0 p\r+ 9 at ,philadelphia l a flood1 sometimes :ole p>i%es at once1 ea* br++ its own pa/or2 & x left l>ge traces ( itself 9 ! ea/]n c\nties ( ,p5nsylvania1 :ile x ru%$ to ! we/]n fronti] & p\r$ itself l a fre%et s\?we/]ly ?r\gh ! valleys ( ! ,blue ,ridge & ! ,alleghanies4 ,b ! ,presbyt]ian *ur*es ( ea/]n ,p5nsylvania1 ev5 z re9=c$ f ,engl& & ,new ,engl&1 7 nei!r _m nor /rong2 ! ,bapti/s 7 feebl] yet1 al?\gh bo? ^! bodies 7 giv+ signs ( ! /r5g? !y 7 bo? ab\t to develop4#adg3a ,! ,episcopalians _h "o /rong & rapidly gr[+ *ur* 9 ,philadelphia1 & a few langui%+ missions 9 c\ntry t[ns su/a9$ by gifts f ,engl&4 ,!re 7 z yet no ,me?odi/s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,cross+ ! b\nd>y l9e f ,p5nsylvania into ,m>yl&--! l9e de/9$ to become fam\s 9 political hi/ory z ,mason & ,dixon's--we come to ! f\r ,s\!rn colonies1 ,m>yl&1 ,virg9ia1 & ! two ,c>ol9as4 ,georgia 9 #agcj has n yet begun to be4 ,all ^! h /rongly m>k$ *>act]i/ics 9 common1 :i* det]m9e 9 advance ! "* ( _! religi\s hi/ory4 ,!y are n peculi> 9 be+ slave colonies2 !re is no colony ,nor? or ,s\? 9 :i* slaves are n held "u sanction ( law4 ,georgia1 9 its e>ly ye>s1 is to h ! solit>y honor ( be+ an antislav]y & prohibitioni/ colony4 ,b ! f\r e>li] ,s\!rn colonies are unlike _! ,nor!rn neighbors 9 ?is1 t ! in/itution ( slav]y dom9ates _! :ole social life4 ,! unit ( ! social organism is n ! t[n1 = !re are no t[ns2 x is ! plantation4 ,9 a population ?us disp]s$ ov] va/ tracts ( t]ritory1 s*ools & *ur*es are ma9ta9$ ) difficulty1 or n ma9ta9$ at all4 ,sy/ems ( prim>y & second>y s*ools are impracticable1 &1 = want ( ^!1 in/itutions ( high] education ei!r langui% or are nev] begun4 ,a consequ5t t5d5cy1 :i*1 happily1 !re 7 _m influ5ces to resi/1 0 = ?is t[nless population to settle d[n into ! condition ( ^? :o1 9 di/9ction f ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 came to be call$ pagani1 or m5 ( ! hamlets1 & ,heid51 or m5 ( ! hea?4 ,ano!r common *>act]i/ic ( ! f\r ,s\!rn colonies is t ^u !m all 0 impos$ by =eign p[] a *ur* e/abli%m5t n acceptable to ! p4 ,9 ! ,c>ol9as ! attempt$ e/abli%m5t ( ! ,engli% *ur* 0 an absolute failure4 ,x 0 a *ur* 7) slight exceptions7 )\t p>i%es1 )\t s]vices1 )\t cl]gy1 )\t p1 b ) c]ta9 pret5sions 9 law :i* 7 h9drances 9 ! way ( o!r ,*ri/ian "w1 & :i* t5d$ to make itself g5]ally odi\s4 ,9 ! two old] colonies ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* 0 worse ?an a failure4 ,x _h end[m5ts1 p>sonages1 glebes1 sal>ies rais$ by public tax1 & !re=e x _h a cl]gy--& su* a cl]gy6 ,transf]r+ to ,am]ica ! mo/ %ameful faults ( ! ,engli% ,e/abli%m5t1 x gave ! sacr$ (fices ( ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry by patronage into ! h&s ( debau*$ & corrupt adv5tur]s1 ^: "* 9 g5]al 0 bel[ ! n v l(ty /&>d ( ! p :om !y pret5d$ to s]ve 9 ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,bo? 9 ,virg9ia & 9 ,m>yl& ! infliction ( ?is rabble ( simoni/s z a burd5 ^u ! public treasury 0 a nuisance "u :i* ! p grew m & m re/ive f ye> to ye>4 ,!re 0 no spiritual discipl9e to :i* ?is pretraille 0 am5able4#adh3a ,x 0 ! con/ant ef=t ( good citiz5s1 9 ! legislature & 9 ! ve/ries1 if n to />ve out ! v]m91 at lea/ to hold !m 9 "s sort ( subjection to ! p[] ( ! purse4 ,! /ruggle 0 "o ( ! antec$5ts ( ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce1 & ! ve/ries ( ! ,virg9ia p>i%es1 ) _! comb9$ ecclesia/ical & civil functions1 became a tra9+-s*ool = "s ( ! /atesm5 ( ! ,revolution4 ,9 ! g5]al d]eliction ( *ur*ly c>e = ! p ( ! ,s\!rn colonies1 on ! "p ( ^? :o pr(ess$ ! ma9 responsibility = x1 ! duty 0 und]tak51 9 ! face ( legal h9drances1 by e>ne/ ,*ri/ians ( v>i\s names1 :om ! e/abli%$ cl]gy va9ly affect$ to despise4 ,! ,bapti/s & ! ,presbyt]ians1 soon to be s p[]fully preval5t ?r\gh\t ! ,s\?1 7 repres5t$ by a few scatt]$ congregations4 ,b ! *ur* ( ! p ( ! ,s\? at ?is p]iod seems to h be5 ! ,quak] meet+1 & ! m9i/ry ! occasional mission>y :o1 be>+ cr$5tials f "s ye>ly meet+1 foll[$ 9 ! pione] foot/eps ( ,george ,fox1 & w5t f "o circle ( ,fri5ds to ano!r1 ?r\gh ^? va/ expanses ( ?9ly settl$ t]ritory1 to revive & confirm & edify4 ,! e>ly f]vors ( ! ,society 7 soon sp5t4 ,its "w 0 /rangely un/able4 ,! prov$ defects ( x z a work+ sy/em 7 grave4 ,! criticism ( ,george ,kei? seems ju/ifi$ by ! ev5t--its c&le ne$$ a c&le/ick4 ,b no man c truly write ! hi/ory ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates )\t giv+ honor to ! body :i* = s long a "t & ov] s va/ an area bore ! "n & te/imony ( ,jesus almo/ alone2 & no man c read ! j\rneys & labors ( ,john ,woolman1 my/ic & ascetic sa9t1 )\t recogniz+ t he & o!rs l-m9d$ 7 no?+ less ?an true apo/les ( ! ,"l ,jesus4 99 99 99 99 99 ,"o impression made by ?is g5]al survey ( ! colonies is t ( ! abs5ce ( any sign ( unity among ! v>i\s ,*ri/ian bodies 9 occupation4 ,"o corn] ( ! great doma91 ,new ,engl&1 0 ?ickly plant$ ) homog5e\s *ur*es 9 mutual fell[%ip4 ,"o ord] ( ,*ri/ians1 ! ,quak]s1 _h at lea/ a framework ( organization cont]m9\s ) ! c\ntry4 ,9 g5]al !re 7 only scatt]$ memb]s ( a ,*ri/ian community1 await+ ! inbrea?+ ( "s quick5+ spiritual influ5ce t %\ld br+ bone to its bone & erect ! :ole into a liv+ *ur*4 ,ano!r & v gratify+ impression f ! /ory ?us f> is ! g5]al fidelity ( ! ,*ri/ian coloni/s 9 ! "w ( ! gospel among ! hea!n ,indians4 ,!re 0 none ( ! colonies t did n make pr(ession ( a zeal\s purpose = ! ,*ri/ianiz+ ( ! savages2 & x is only j to say1 9 ! face ( mu* unju/ & evil talk1 t !re 0 none t did n give pro( ( its s9c]ity4 ,9 ,virg9ia1 ! ,puritans ,:itak] & ,?omas ,dale2 9 ,m>yl&1 ! e>lie/ companies ( ,jesuit mission>ies2 ,campanius among ! ,sw$i% ,lu!rans2 ,megapol5sis among ! ,dut*m51 & ! ,jesuit m>tyr ,jogues 9 ! =e/s ( ,new ,york2 9 ,new ,engl&1 n only ,john ,eliot & ,rog] ,williams & ! ,mayhews1 b _m a village pa/or l ,fit* ( ,norwi* & ,pi]son ( ,bran=d1 7 di/+ui%$ 9 ! fir/ g5]ation by _! devotion to ?is duty4#aej3a ,! succession ( fai?ful mission>ies has nev] fail$ f t day to ?is4 ,! l>ge expectations ( ! *ur*es are indicat$ by ! erection ( "o ( ! e>lie/ build+s at ,h>v>d ,college = ! use ( ,indian /ud5ts4 ,at ,william & ,m>y ,college n less ?an sev5ty ,indian /ud5ts at "o "t are said to h be5 ga!r$ = an advanc$ education4 ,x 0 no fault ( ! colonial *ur*es t ^! e>ne/ & p]si/5t ef=ts yield$ small results4 ,we discov] a /range uni=mity ( feature 9 ! successive failures4444 ,always1 j :5 ! project seem$ mo/ hopeful1 an indiscrim9ate massacre ( mission>ies & conv]ts toge!r swept ! ent]prise out ( exi/5ce4 ,! exp]i5ce ( all 0 ! same4#aea3a 99 99 99 99 99 ,x w be a matt] ( gr[+ int]e/1 z we proce$1 to trace ! relation ( ! ,am]ican *ur* to negro slav]y4 ,x is a curi\s fact1 n )\t "s lat] analogies1 t ! introduction into ! ,new ,_w ( ?is direful spr+ ( woes unnumb]$ 0 promot$1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 by ! good ,las ,casas1 z ! hopeful prev5tive ( a worse evil4 ,t\*$ by ! spectacle ( :ole tribes & nations ( ! ,indians p]i%+ "u ! cruel s]vitude impos$ ^u !m by ! ,spani%1 x seem$ to him a less wrong to transf] ! infliction ( ?is inju/ice to %\ld]s m able to be> x4 ,b man's inhumanity to man ne$$ no pretext ( philan?ropy4 ,f ! l&+ ( ! ,dut* %ip at ,jame/[n 9 #afai1 ) h] small invoice ( f\rte5 negroes1 ! dismal trade w5t on increas+1 9 spite ( humane prote/ & attempt$ prohibition4 ,! legislature ( ,massa*usetts1 :i* 0 ! repres5tative ( ! *ur*1 set =? :at x conceiv$ to be ! biblical e?ics on ! subject4 ,recogniz+ t lawful captives tak5 9 j w>s may be held 9 bondage1 x decl>$ among its e>lie/ public acts1 9 #afda1 t1 ) ?is exception1 no involunt>y bond-slav]y1 ville9age1 or captivity %\ld ev] be 9 ! colony2 & 9 #afdf x took measures = return+ to ,africa negroes :o _h be5 kidnapp$ by a slav]4 ,x is n /range t reflection on ! gold5 rule %\ld soon raise d\bts :e!r ! prec$5ts ( ! ,book ( ,jo%ua _h equal au?ority ) ! law ( ,*ri/4 ,9 #afge ,john ,eliot1 f ! mid/ ( 8 "w among ! ,indians1 w>n$ ! gov]nor aga9/ ! sale ( ,indians tak5 9 w>1 on ! gr\nd t ! sell+ ( s\ls is dang]\s m]*&ise1 & ) a ble$+ & burn+ passion remon/rat$ aga9/ ! abject condition ( ! enslav$ ,africans4 ,9 #agjj t typical ,puritan1 ,judge ,samuel ,sewall1 publi%$ 8 pamphlet on ,! ,sell+ ( ,joseph1 claim+ = ! negroes ! rights ( bre?r51 & pr$ict+ t !re w\ld be no progress 9 gospel+ until slav]y %\ld be aboli%$4 ,^? 7 s]i\s days ( antislav]y agitation1 :5 ,cotton ,ma!r1 9 8 ,essays to ,d ,good1 spoke ( ! inju/ice ( slav]y 9 t]ms su* t 8 little book _h to be expurgat$ by ! ,am]ican ,tract ,society to accommodate x to ! deg5]ate consci5ce ( a lat] day1 & :5 ! t[n ( ,bo/on 9 #agja took measures to put a p]iod to negroes be+ slaves4 ,su* endeavors aft] univ]sal ju/ice & fre$om1 on ! "p ( ! ,*ri/ians ( ,new ,engl&1 ?w>t$ by ! insatiable gre$ ( ,briti% trad]s & politicians1 7 n to cease until1 ) ! fir/ enl>gem5t ( indep5d5ce1 !y %\ld br+ =? judgm5t to victory4 ,! voice ( ,new ,engl& 0 e*o$ f ,p5nsylvania4 ,! ,m5nonites ( ,g]mant[n1 9 #afhh1 fram$ 9 qua9t & t\*+ language _! petition = ! abolition ( slav]y1 & ! ,quak] ye>ly meet+s respond$ "o to ano!r ) unanim\s prote/4 ,b ! mis*ief grew & grew4 ,9 ! ,nor!rn colonies ! gr[? 0 /unt$ by ! climate4 ,else:]e ! in/itution1 beg9n+ ) ! dome/ic s]vice ( a few bondm5 atta*$ to _! ma/]s' families1 took on a new type ( malignity z x exp&$4 ,9 proportion z ! s]vile population increases to su* numb]s z to be =midable1 laws ( increas+ sev]ity are direct$ to re/ra9+ or repress+ x4 ,! fir/ symptoms ( insurrection are foll[$ by horrors ( bloody v5geance1 & f t "t =? ! slave laws h b "o quality--t ( f]ocity eng5d]$ by fe>4#aec3a ,x 0 n f ! willful inhumanity ( ! ,s\!rn colonies1 b f _! t]rors1 t ^? slave codes came =? :i* = ne>ly two c5turies 7 ! %ame ( ,am]ica & ! sc&al ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,x is a com=t to ! he>t ( humanity to reflect t ! p 7 bett] ?an _! laws2 x 0 only at ! recurr+ p]iods ( fe> ( insurrection t !y 7 worse4 ,9 ord9>y times human sympa?y & ,*ri/ian pr9ciple s(t5$ ! rigors ( ! situation4 ,! fir/ practical fruits ( ! revival ( religion 9 ! ,s\!rn colonies 7 se5 9 ef=ts ( ,*ri/ian k9dness t[>d ! s\ls & bodies ( ! slaves4 ,,footnotes3 #abi3a ,"o is t\*$ by ! pla9tive grief ( ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,muirson1 :o has come f ! e/abli%$ *ur* ( ,engl& to make proselytes f ! e/abli%$ *ur*es ( ,connecticut4 ,he writes to ! ,s4 ,p4 ,g41 )\t a ?\ght ( ca/+ any reflections ^u 8 patrons3 ,x w\ld require m "t ?an y w\ld will+ly be/[ on ^! ,l9es1 to express h[ rigidly & sev]ely !y treat our ,p1 by tak+ _! ,e/ate by di/ress :5 !y d n will+ly pay to support _! ,m9i/]s 7,dige/ ( ,s4 ,p4 ,g4 ,records1 p4 #dc74 ,! pa?os ( ! situation is int5sifi$ :5 we be> 9 m9d ! relation ( ?is t5d]-he>t$ g5tleman's own emolum5ts to ! taxes extort$ f ! ,congregationali/s 9 8 ,new ,york p>i%4 #acj3a ,see above1 p4 #ajg4 #aca3a ,newman1 ,bapti/ ,*ur*es 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 pp4 #aig1 #aih1 #bca4 #aca3b ,tiffany1 ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 *aps1 iv41 v42 ,c4 ,f4 ,adams1 ,?ree ,episodes 9 ,massa*usetts ,hi/ory1 pp4 #cdb1 #fba4 #acc3a ,dige/ ( ,s4 ,p4 ,g41 p4 #db4 #acd3a ,tiffany1 *ap4 v4 ,= a full acc\nt ( ^! beg9n+s 9 ,connecticut 9 _! hi/orical relations1 see ,l4 ,bacon on ,! ,episcopal ,*ur* 9 ,connecticut 7,new ,engl&]1 vol4 xxv41 pp4 #bhc-cbi74 #ace3a ,!re 7 on duty 9 ,new ,york 9 #agcj1 besides ! m9i/] ( ,tr9ity ,*ur*1 t5 mission>ies ( ! ,s4 ,p4 ,g41 includ+ sev]al employ$ specially among ! ,indians & ! negroes4 ,fifte5 ye>s lat] !re 7 report$ to ! ,v5]able ,society 9 ,new ,york & ,new ,j]sey tw5ty-two *ur*es 7,dige/ ( ,s4 ,p4 ,g41 pp4 #hee1 #hef2 ,tiffany1 p4 #agh74 #ace3b ,dige/ ( ,s4 ,p4 ,g41 p4 #fh & note4 #acg3a ,corw91 ,re=m$ 7,dut*7 ,*ur*1 p4 #aae4 #ach3a ,mr4 ,hook] did (t5 quote a say+ out ( ,mr4 ,c>twright1 t no man fa%ione? 8 h\se to 8 hang+s1 b 8 hang+s to 8 h\se4 ,x is bett] t ! commonweal? be fa%ion$ to ! sett+ =? ( ,god's h\se1 :i* is 8 *ur*1 ?an to accommodate ! *ur* frame to ! civil /ate 7,john ,cotton1 quot$ by ,l4 ,bacon1 ,hi/orical ,disc\rses1 p4 #ah74 #aci3a ,?omas1 ,! ,society ( ,fri5ds1 p4 #bci4 #aci3b ,corw91 ,re=m$ 7,dut*7 ,*ur*1 pp4 #gg1 #gh1 #agc4 #adj3a ,illu/rations ( ! sordid sect>ianism ( ! ,v5]able ,society's op]ations are pa9fully frequ5t 9 ! pages ( ! dige/ ( ! ,s4 ,p4 ,g4 ,see especially on ?is p>ticul> case ! action respect+ ,messrs4 ,ko*]?al1 ,ehlig1 & ,beyse 7p4 #fa74 #adc3a ,s4 ,g4 ,fi%]1 ,! ,mak+ ( ,p5nsylvania1 p4 #abe2 ,?omas1 ,! ,society ( ,fri5ds1 p4 #bce4 #adc3b ,religion gave bir? to weal?1 & 0 dev\r$ by h] own (fspr+4 ,! aphorism is ascrib$ to ,"l ,falkl&4 #adc3c ,?omas1 ,! ,society ( ,fri5ds1 p4 #bcf4 #add3a ,fi%]1 ,! ,mak+ ( ,p5nsylvania1 pp4 #aff-afi1 #agd4 #add3b ,x is n easy to def9e ! peculi>ity ( ,p5n's ,indian policy4 ,x is vulg>ly ref]r$ to z if x consi/$ 9 j deal+1 especially 9 n tak+ _! l& except by fair pur*ase2 & ! ,%ackamaxon ,treaty1 ( :i* no?+ is kn[n except by vague report & tradition1 is spok5 ( z "s ?+ q unprec$5t$ 9 ?is respect4 ,! fact is t ?is measure ( virtue 0 common to ! ,engli% coloni/s g5]ally1 & em95tly to ! ,new ,engl& coloni/s4 ,a good example ( ! ord9>y cant ( hi/orical writ]s on ?is subject is f\nd 9 ,! ,mak+ ( ,p5nsylvania1 p4 #bch4 ,! writ] says ( ! ,connecticut ,puritans3 ,!y occupi$ ! l& by squatt] sov]eignty4444 ,x seem$ l a pleasant place2 !y want$ x4 ,!y 7 ! sa9ts1 & ! sa9ts1 z we all "k1 %all inh]it ! e>?4444 ,hav+ orig9ally acquir$ _! l& simply by tak+ x1 444 !y naturally grew up ) r lib]al views z to _! "r to any additional t]ritory t pleas$ _! fancy4 ,no pur*ase by ,p5n 0 made ) m scrupul\s reg>d to ! rights ( ! ,indians ?an ! pur*ases by :i* ! settl]s ( ,connecticut acquir$ title to _! l&s2 b ,i "k ( no ,new ,engl& prec$5t = ! some:at ,punic piece ( %>p practice by :i* ! metes & b\nds ( "o ( ! ,p5nsylvania pur*ases 7 laid d[n4 ,! long exemption ( ,p5nsylvania f tr\ble ) ! ,indians seems to be due to ! fact t an exceptionally mild1 consid]ate1 & consci5ti\s body ( settl]s 0 confront$ ) a tribe ( savages ?or\ghly subdu$ & c[$ 9 rec5t conflicts ) enemies bo? r$ & :ite4 ,x seems cle>1 also1 t ! exceptional f]ocity ( ! =ty ye>s ( un9t]rupt$ w> ) ! ,indians t ensu$ 0 due 9 "p to ! long d]eliction by ! ,quak] gov]nm5t ( its duty ( protect+ its citiz5s & puni%+ murd]1 robb]y1 & arson :5 committ$ by its copp]-color$ subjects4 #ade3a ,p5n's ,tru? ,exalt$ 7quot$ 9 ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1 vol4 xviii41 p4 #dic74 #adg3a ,9 #agda1 aft] a decade ( great activity & gr[?1 ! entire cl]ical /r5g? ( ! ,am]ican ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 9 its f\r presbyt]ies1 0 =ty-sev5 m9i/]s 7,?ompson1 ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*es1 p4 #cc74 #adh3a ,x is a subject ( unceas+ lam5t on ! "p ( hi/orians ( ! ,am]ican ,episcopal ,*ur* t ! "m *ur*1 all ?r\gh ! colonial days1 %\ld h ob/9ately refus$ to ! daught] ! gift ( ! episcopate4 ,!re is no d5y+ ! grave disadvantages ?us inflict$4 ,b x admits ( d\bt :e!r su* bi%ops1 ) su* conditions1 z w\ld h be5 conc$$ by ! ,engli% *ur* ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 w\ld1 aft] all1 h be5 s v preci\s a boon4 ,we %r9k f ! imputation ^u ! colonial *ur* ( ,m>yl& & ,virg9ia :i* is impli$ 9 sugge/+ t x w\ld h be5 consid]ably improv$ by ga9+ ! discipl9>y purity ( ! ,engli% *ur* ( ! ,georgian era4 ,! long fight 9 ,virg9ia1 culm9at+ 9 ,patrick ,h5ry's spee* 9 ! ,p>sons' ,case1 s f> ,am]icaniz$ ! ,episcopal ,*ur* z to make sure t no unwelcome m9i/] 0 ev] to be =c$ f outside on "o ( its p>i%es4 ,aft] ! ,revolution x became possible to set up ! episcopate also on ,am]ican pr9ciples4 ,^? :o are burd5$ ) regret ov] ! long delay ( ! ,am]ican ,prote/ant episcopate may f9d no small consolation 9 pond]+ ! "q1 :at k9d ( an outfit ( bi%ops1 ) canons atta*$1 might h be5 hop$ = f ,sir ,rob]t ,walpole or ,"l ,bute8 ,on ! :ole1 at ?is po9t ! ,am]ican ,episcopal ,*ur* is 9 ! habit ( pity+ itself too mu*4 ,x has some?+ to be ?ankful =4 #aej3a ,x is a curi\s exception1 if x is inde$ an exception1 t ! "o ,*ri/ian colony t %[s no record ( e>ly ,indian missions %\ld be t ( ,william ,p5n4 ,c\ld ?is be due to ! ,quak] fai? 9 ! suffici5cy ( ! ,light t light5e? e man t come? into ! _w8 ,! type ( !ology & me?od ( in/ruction us$ by "s ( ! e>lie/ labor]s 9 ?is field left some?+ to be desir$ 9 po9t ( adapt$ness to ! savage m9d4 ,)\t irrev]5ce to ! great "n ( ,jona?an ,edw>ds1 !re is room = d\bt :e!r he 0 j ! man = ! ,/ockbridge ,indians4 ,9 ! case ( ! ,rev4 ,abraham ,pi]son1 ( ,bran=d1 9 ,new ,hav5 ,colony1 aft]w>d f\nd] ( ,new>k1 we h an illu/ration bo? ( 8 good int5tions & ( 8 me?ods1 :i* 7 n s good1 9 ,"s ,helps = ! ,indians3 ,%ew+ !m h[ to ,improve _! ,natural ,reason1 to ,"k ! ,true ,god & ! ,*ri/ian ,religion4 ,?is cate*ism is pr9t$ 9 ! ,indian language ) an ,engli% v]sion int]l9$4 ,q4 ,h[ d y prove t !re is b "o true ,god8 ,an4 ,because ! reason :y s+ul> ?+s ( ! same k9d are multipli$ is n to be f\nd 9 ! nature ( ,god2 = ! reason :y su* l ?+s are multipli$ is f ! fruitfulness ( _! causes3 b ,god ha? no cause ( 8 be+1 b is ( himself4 ,!re=e he is "o4 7,& s on ?r\gh secondly & ?irdly47 ,p] contra1 a s]mon to ! ,/ockbridge ,indians by ! mo/ pond]\s ( ! metaphysical prea*]s ( ,new ,engl&1 ,samuel ,hopk9s1 is beautifully simple & *ildlike4 ,x is giv5 9 full 9 ,p>k's ,life ( ,hopk9s1 pp4 #df-di4 #aea3a ,mc,connell1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican ,episcopal ,*ur*1 p4 #g4 ,! /atem5t calls = qualification 9 detail1 b ! g5]al fact is unmi/akable4 #aec3a ,h4 ,c4 ,lodge1 ,engli% ,colonies1 p4 #fg et seq4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,! ,,great ,,awak5+ ,x 0 n :olly d>k 9 ,am]ican ,*ri/5dom be=e ! dawn ( ! ,great ,awak5+4 ,! c5sori\sness :i* 0 ! besett+ s9 ( ! evangeli/s 9 t great religi\s movem5t1 ! rhetorical temptation to glorify ! revival by int5sify+ ! contra/ ) ! antec$5t condition1 & ! exagg]at$ revivalism ev] s9ce s preval5t 9 ! ,am]ican *ur*1--! t5d5cy to consid] religion z consi/+ ma9ly 9 sc5es & p]iods ( special f]vor1 & ! int]vals betwe5 z s mu* void space & wa/e "t1--all ^! h comb9$ to deep5 ! d>k t9ts 9 :i* ! =m] /ate is set be=e u 9 hi/ory4 ,! p[] ( godl9ess 0 manife/ 9 ! e>li] days by _m infallible signs1 n exclud+ ^? times ( refre%+ 9 :i* ! simultane\s e>ne/ness ( _m s\ls compels ! g5]al att5tion4 ,ev5 9 ,nor?ampton1 :]e ! doctr9e ( ! v5]able ,/odd>d z to ! conditions ( communion has be5 ?\ght to be ! l[-wat] m>k ( *ur* vitality1 n less ?an five su* h>ve/ seasons 7 )9 rec5t memory4 ,x 0 to ?is p>i% 9 a c\ntry t[n on ! fronti] ( civilization1 b ! mo/ important 9 ,massa*usetts outside ( ,bo/on1 t !re came1 9 ! ye> #agbg1 to s]ve z colleague to 8 ag$ gr&fa!r1 ,pa/or ,/odd>d1 a "y man ^: wond]ful intellectual & spiritual gifts _h f 8 *ildhood awak5$ ! pi\s hopes ( all :o _h kn[n him1 & :o 0 de/9$ 9 8 future c>e] to be recogniz$ z ! mo/ illu/ri\s ( ! sa9ts & doctors ( ! ,am]ican *ur*4 ,! au!ntic facts ( ! boyhood ( ,jona?an ,edw>ds read l ! my?s t adorn ! leg5d>y ,lives ( ! ,sa9ts4 ,z an und]graduate ( ,yale ,college1 be=e ! age ( sev5te51 8 reflections on ! my/]ies ( ,god1 & ! univ]se1 & ! human m9d1 7 su* z ev5 yet comm& ! att5tion & respect ( /ud5ts ( philosophy4 ,he rema9$ at ,new ,hav5 two ye>s aft] graduation1 = ! fur!r /udy ( !ology1 & !n sp5t eight mon?s 9 *>ge ( ! newly organiz$ ,presbyt]ian *ur* 9 ,new ,york4#aef3a ,aft] ?is he sp5t two ye>s z tutor at ,yale1--"o ( ! pill> tutors1 & ! glory ( ! college1--at ! critical p]iod aft] ! defection ( ,rector ,cutl] to ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4#aef3b ,f ?is position he 0 call$ 9 #agbf1 at ! age ( tw5ty-?ree1 to ! *ur* at ,nor?ampton4 ,!re he 0 orda9$ ,febru>y #ae1 #agbg1 & ?i!r a few mon?s lat] he br\ght 8 esp\s$ sa9t1 ,s>ah ,pi]pont1 consummate fl[] ( ,puritan womanhood1 !nce=? ! companion n only ( 8 pa/oral c>es & sorr[s1 b ( 8 s]aphic contemplations ( div9e ?+s4 ,! int5sely e>ne/ s]mons1 ! holy life1 & ! lov+ pray]s ( "o ( ! greate/ prea*]s 9 ! hi/ory ( ! *ur* 7 n long 9 be>+ abundant fruit4 ,9 a "t ( spiritual & moral depression1 :5 ! _w1 ! fle%1 & ! devil seem$ to be ga9+ aga9/ ! gospel1 sometime 9 ! ye> #agcc signs began to be visible ( yield+ to ! p[] ( ,god's ,^w4 ,! frivol\s or wanton frolics ( ! y\? began to be ex*ang$ = meet+s = religi\s conf]5ce4 ,! pa/or 0 enc\rag$ to r5ew$ t5d]ness & solemnity 9 8 prea*+4 ,8 !mes 7 ju/ification by fai?1 ! awfulness ( ,god's ju/ice1 ! excell5cy ( ,*ri/1 ! duty ( press+ into ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,pres5tly a "y woman1 a lead] 9 ! village gayeties1 became s]i\s1 giv+ evid5ce1 ev5 to ! sev]e judgm5t ( ,edw>ds1 ( a he>t truly brok5 & sanctifi$4 ,a g5]al s]i\sness began to spread ov] ! :ole t[n4 ,h>dly a s+le p]son1 old or "y1 b felt conc]n$ ab\t et]nal ?+s4 ,accord+ to ,edw>ds's ,n>rative3 ,! "w ( ,god1 z x 0 c>ri$ on1 & ! numb] ( true sa9ts multipli$1 soon made a glori\s alt]ation 9 ! t[n1 s t 9 ! spr+ & summ]1 anno #agce1 ! t[n seem$ to be full ( ! pres5ce ( ,god4 ,x 0 nev] s full ( love1 nor s full ( joy1 & yet s full ( di/ress1 z x 0 !n4 ,!re 7 rem>kable tok5s ( ,god's pres5ce 9 almo/ e h\se4 ,x 0 a "t ( joy 9 families on ! acc\nt ( salvation's be+ br\ght unto !m2 p>5ts rejoic+ ov] _! *ildr5 z be+ new-born1 & husb&s ov] _! wives1 & wives ov] _! husb&s4 ,! go+s ( ,god 7 !n se5 9 8 sanctu>y4 ,god's day 0 a delight1 & 8 tab]nacles 7 amiable4 ,our public assemblies 7 !n beautiful2 ! congregation 0 alive 9 ,god's s]vice1 e "o int5t on ! public wor%ip1 e he>] eag] to dr9k 9 ! words ( ! m9i/] z !y came f 8 m\?2 ! assembly 9 g5]al 7 f "t to "t 9 te>s :ile ! ,^w 0 prea*$1 "s weep+ ) sorr[ & di/ress1 o!rs ) joy & love1 o!rs ) pity & conc]n = ! s\ls ( _! neighbors4 ,our public praises 7 !n greatly enliv5$2 ,god 0 !n s]v$ 9 our psalmody 9 "s measure 9 ! beauty ( hol9ess4 ,! crucial te/ ( ! div95ess ( ! "w 0 giv5 :5 ! p pres5t$ !mselves be=e ! ,"l ) a solemn act ( ?anksgiv+ = 8 great goodness & 8 graci\s pres5ce 9 ! t[n ( ,nor?ampton1 ) publicly record$ v[s to r5\nce _! evil ways & put away _! abom9ations f be=e 8 eyes4 ,!y solemnly promise !nce=?1 9 all deal+s ) _! neighbor1 to be gov]n$ by ! rules ( hone/y1 ju/ice1 & uprightness2 n to ov]rea* or defraud him1 nor anywise to injure him1 :e!r willfully or ?r\gh want ( c>e2 to reg>d n only _! own int]e/1 b 82 p>ticul>ly1 to be fai?ful 9 ! paym5t ( j debts2 9 ! case ( pa/ wrongs aga9/ any1 nev] to re/ till !y h made full rep>ation2 to refra9 f evil speak+1 & f ev]y?+ t fe$s a _s ( bitt]ness2 to d no?+ 9 a _s ( rev5ge2 n to be l$ by private or p>tisan int]e/ into any c\rse hurtful to ! int]e/s ( ,*ri/'s k+dom2 p>ticul>ly1 9 public affairs1 n to all[ ambition or p>tisan%ip to lead !m c\nt] to ! int]e/ ( true religion4 ,^? :o are "y promise to all[ !mselves 9 no div]sions t w\ld h9d] a dev\t _s1 & to avoid ev]y?+ t t5ds to lascivi\sness1 & :i* w n be approv$ by ! inf9itely pure & holy eye ( ,god4 ,f9ally1 !y consecrate !mselves wat*fully to p]=m ! relative duties ( p>5ts & *ildr51 husb&s & wives1 bro!rs & si/]s1 ma/]s1 mi/resses1 & s]vants4 ,s great a "w z ?is c\ld n be hid4 ,! :ole region ( ! ,connecticut ,valley1 9 ,massa*usetts & ,connecticut1 & neighbor+ regions felt ! influ5ce ( x4 ,! fame ( x w5t abroad4 ,a lett] ( ,edw>ds's 9 reply to inquiries f 8 fri5d1 ,dr4 ,colman1 ( ,bo/on1 0 =w>d$ to ,dr4 ,watts & ,dr4 ,guise1 ( ,london1 & by !m publi%$ "u ! title ( ,n>rative ( ,surpris+ ,conv]sions4 ,a copy ( ! little book 0 c>ri$ 9 8 pocket = wayside read+ on a walk f ,london to ,ox=d by ,john ,wesley1 9 ! ye> #agch4 ,n yet 9 ! c\rse ( 8 "w _h he se5 x on ?is fa%ion1 & he writes 9 8 j\rnal3 ,surely ?is is ! ,"l's do+1 & x is m>vel\s 9 our eyes4 ,bo? 9 ?is n>rative & 9 a lat] "w on ,! ,di/+ui%+ ,m>ks ( a ,"w ( ! ,_s ( ,god1 "o _c b admire ! div9e gift ( a calm wisdom ) :i* ,edw>ds _h be5 end[$ z if = ?is exig5cy4 ,he is nev] dazzl$ by ! incid5ts ( ! "w1 nor di/ract$ by !m f ! ess5ce ( x4 ,8 argum5t = ! div95ess ( ! "w is n f\nd$ on ! unusual or extraord9>y "* ( x1 nor on ! impressive bodily effects sometimes att5d+ x1 su* z te>s1 groans1 outcries1 convulsions1 or fa9t+s1 nor on visions or ec/asies or impressions4 ,:at he claims is t ! "w may be div9e1 not)/&+ ! pres5ce ( ^! incid5ts4#aei3a ,x 0 d\btless ow+ to ! firm & judici\s guidance ( su* a pa/or t ! int5se religi\s f]vor ( ?is fir/ awak5+ at ,nor?ampton 0 m>k$ by s mu* ( sobriety & ord]4 ,9 lat] ye>s1 9 o!r regions1 & "u ! influ5ce ( prea*]s n ( great] e>ne/ness1 b ( less wisdom & discretion1 !re 7 habitual sc5es ( extravagant & s5seless en?usiasm1 :i* make ! clos+ pages ( ?is *apt] ( *ur* hi/ory pa9fully in/ructive4 ,x is n difficult to und]/& h[ "o ( ! fir/ places at a di/ance to feel ! k9dl+ example ( ,nor?ampton %\ld be ! neighborhood ( ,new>k4 ,to ?is region1 plant$1 z we h se51 ) s /rong a /ock f ,new ,engl&1 f old ,engl&1 & f ,scotl&1 came1 9 #agjh1 a y\? ( tw5ty ye>s1 ,jona?an ,dick9son1 a native ( ! hi/oric little t[n ( ,hatfield1 next neighbor to ,nor?ampton4 ,he 0 pa/or at ,elizabe?1 b 8 influ5ce & activity ext5d$ ?r\gh all t "p ( ,new ,j]sey1 & he became easily ! lead] ( ! rapidly gr[+ communion ( ,presbyt]ian *ur*es 9 t prov9ce1 & ! oppon5t1 9 ! int]e/ ( ,*ri/ian lib]ty & s9c]ity1 ( rigid t]ms ( subscription1 dem&$ by m5 ( little fai?4 ,!re is a great c>e] be=e him2 b t :i* conc]ns ! pres5t topic is 8 acc\nt ( :at took place sometime 9 ,augu/1 #agci 7! summ] be=e ,mr4 ,:itefield came fir/ into ^! p>ts71 :5 !re 0 a rem>kable revival at ,new>k4444 ,?is revival ( religion 0 *iefly obs]vable among ! y\ng] p1 till ! foll[+ ,m>*1 :5 ! :ole t[n 9 g5]al 0 br\ght "u an uncommon conc]n ab\t _! et]nal int]e/s1 & ! congregation appe>$ univ]sally affect$ "u "s s]mons t 7 !n prea*$ to !m4 ,l sc5es ( spiritual quick5+ 7 witness$ t same season 9 o!r p>ts ( ,new ,j]sey2 b special int]e/ atta*es to ! report f ,new ,londond]ry1 ,p5n41 :]e a ,scot*-,iri% community receiv$ z its pa/or1 9 ! spr+ ( #agdj1 ,samuel ,blair1 a native ( ,irel&1 tra9$ 9 ! ,log ,college ( ,william ,t5n5t4 ,he describes ! p1 at 8 fir/ k ( !m1 z sunk 9 a religi\s torpor1 ignorance1 & indiff]5ce4 ,! fir/ sign ( vitality 0 obs]v$ 9 ,m>*1 #agdj1 dur+ ! pa/or's abs5ce1 :51 "u an al>m+ s]mon f a neighbor m9i/]3 ,!re 0 a visible appe>ance ( mu* s\l-conc]n among ! he>]s2 s t "s bur/ out ) an audible noise into bitt] cry+1 a ?+ n kn[n 9 ^! p>ts be=e4444 ,! fir/ s]mon ,i prea*$ aft] my return to !m 0 f ,mat!w vi4 #cc3 ',seek ye fir/ ! k+dom ( ,god1 & 8 righte\sness4' ,aft] op5+ up & expla9+ ! p>ts ( ! text1 :5 9 ! improvem5t ,i came to press ! injunction 9 ! text ^u ! unconv]t$ & ungodly1 & (f]$ ?is z "o reason among o!rs :y !y %\ld n[ fir/ ( all seek ! k+dom & righte\sness ( ,god1 viz41 t !y _h neglect$ too long to d s already1 ?is consid]ation seem$ to come & cut l a sword ^u sev]al 9 ! congregation2 s t :ile ,i 0 speak+ ^u x !y c\ld no long] conta91 b bur/ out 9 ! mo/ bitt] m\rn+4 ,i desir$ !m z mu* z possible to re/ra9 !mselves f mak+ any noise t w\ld h9d] !mselves or o!rs f he>+ :at 0 spok52 & (t5 aft]w>d ,i _h occasion to repeat ! same c\nsel4 ,i /ill advis$ p to endeavor to mod]ate & b\nd _! passions1 b n s z to resi/ & /ifle _! convictions4 ,! numb] ( ! awak5$ increas$ v fa/4 ,frequ5tly "u s]mons !re 7 "s newly convict$ & br\ght into deep di/ress ( s\l ab\t _! p]i%+ e/ate4 ,our ,sabba? assemblies soon became va/ly l>ge1 _m p f almo/ all p>ts ar\nd incl9+ v mu* to come :]e !re 0 su* appe>ance ( ! div9e p[] & pres5ce4 ,i ?9k !re 0 sc>cely a s]mon or lecture prea*$ "h ?r\gh t :ole summ] b !re 7 manife/ evid5ces ( impressions on ! he>]s1 & _m times ! impressions 7 v great & g5]al4 ,sev]al w\ld be ov]come & fa9t+2 o!rs deeply sobb+1 h>dly able to conta92 o!rs cry+ 9 a mo/ dolor\s mann]2 _m o!rs m sil5tly weep+1 & a solemn conc]n appe>+ 9 ! c\nt5ances ( _m o!rs4 ,& sometimes ! s\l-ex]cises ( "s 7?\gh comp>atively b v few7 w\ld s f> affect _! bodies z to occasion "s /range1 unusual bodily motions4 ,i _h opportunities ( speak+ p>ticul>ly ) a great _m ( ^? :o af=d$ su* outw>d tok5s ( inw>d s\l-conc]n 9 ! "t ( public wor%ip & he>+ ( ! ,^w4 ,inde$1 _m came to me ( !mselves1 9 _! di/ress1 = private in/ruction & c\nsel2 & ,i f\nd1 s f> z ,i c rememb]1 t ) by f> ! great] "p _! app>5t conc]n 9 public 0 n j a transi5t qualm ( consci5ce or m]ely a float+ commotion ( ! affections1 b a rational1 fix$ conviction ( _! dang]\s1 p]i%+ e/ate4444 ,9 "s "t _m ( ! conv9c$ & di/ress$ af=d$ v hopeful1 satisfy+ evid5ce t ! ,"l _h br\ght !m to true closure ) ,jesus ,*ri/1 & t _! di/resses & fe>s _h be5 9 a great measure remov$ 9 a "r gospel way1 by believ+ 9 ! ,son ( ,god4 ,sev]al ( !m _h v rem>kable & sweet deliv]ances ?is way4 ,x 0 v agreeable to he> _! acc\nts h[ t :5 !y 7 9 ! deepe/ p]plexity & d>kness1 di/ress & difficulty1 seek+ ,god z poor1 condemn$1 hell-des]v+ s9n]s1 ! sc5e ( recov]+ grace ?r\gh a ,r$eem] has be5 op5$ to _! und]/&+s ) a surpris+ beauty & glory1 s t !y 7 enabl$ to believe 9 ,*ri/ ) joy unspeakable & full ( glory4#afb3a ,! exp]i5ce ( ,gilb]t ,t5n5t at ,new ,brunswick _h no connection ) ! fir/ awak5+ at ,nor?ampton1 b _h important relations ) lat] ev5ts4 ,he 0 ! elde/ ( ! f\r sons :om ,william ,t5n5t1 ! ,episcopalian m9i/] f ,irel&1 _h br\ght ) him to ,am]ica & educat$ at 8 ,log ,college4 ,9 #agbg he became pa/or ( a *ur* at ,new ,brunswick1 :]e he 0 mu* impress$ ) :at he saw ( ! results ( ! "w ( ! ,rev4 ,!odore ,frel+huys51 :o = sev5 ye>s _h be5 pa/or ( a neighbor+ ,dut* *ur*4 ,! example & frat]nal c\nsel ( ?is good man made him s5sible ( ! fruitlessness ( 8 own "w1 & mov$ him to m e>ne/ pray]s & labors4 ,hav+ be5 br\ght l[ ) sickness1 he pray$ to ,god to grant him "o half-ye> m 9 :i* to endeavor to promote 8 k+dom ) all my might at all adv5tures4 ,be+ rais$ up f sickness1 he devot$ himself to e>ne/ p]sonal labors ) individuals & to r5ew$ fai?fulness 9 ! pulpit1 :i* me?od 0 seal$ by ! ,holy ,_s 9 ! conviction & conv]sion ( a consid]able numb] ( p]sons1 at v>i\s times & 9 diff]5t places1 9 t "p ( ! c\ntry1 z appe>$ by _! acqua9tance ) exp]im5tal religion & good conv]sation4 ,?is bit ( pa/oral hi/ory1 9 :i* is no?+ />tl+ or prodigi\s1 0 at lea/ five ye>s previ\s to ! ,surpris+ ,conv]sions at ,nor?ampton4 ,!re mu/ h be5 g5]ally ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry a prep>$ness = ! ,great ,awak5+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x 0 9 t ye> 7#agce7 9 :i* ! t[n ( ,nor?ampton 0 all ablaze ) ! glory ( its fir/ revival "u ,edw>ds t ,george ,:itefield1 fir/ among ! memb]s ( ,wesley's ,holy ,club at ,ox=d1 atta9$ to t s5se ( ! div9e love f :i* he 0 wont to date 8 conv]sion4 ,9 ,may1 #agch1 :5 ! la/ reflections f ! ,nor?ampton revival _h fad$ out f all ar\nd ! horizon1 ! "y cl]gyman1 ^: fir/ ef=ts z a prea*] 9 pulpits ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& _h a/oni%$ all he>]s by ! p[] ( 8 eloqu5ce1 arriv$ at ,savannah1 urg$ by ! importunity ( ! ,wesleys to take up ! "w 9 ,georgia 9 :i* !y _h s conspicu\sly fail$4 ,he ent]$ eag]ly into ! sangu9e s*emes = ! advantage ( ! "y colony1 & especially into ! s*eme = build+ & end[+ an orphan-h\se 9 j t corn] ( ! e>? :]e !re 0 less ne$ ( su* an in/itution ?an any:]e else4 ,aft] ?ree mon?s' /ay he />t$ on 8 return to ,engl& to seek prie/'s ord]s = himself1 & funds = ! orphans t might be expect$ sometime 9 ,georgia4 ,he 0 successful 9 bo? 8 err&s4 ,he 0 orda9$2 he collect$ m ?an "o ?\s& p\nds = ! orphan-h\se2 & be+ deta9$ 9 ! k+dom by an emb>go1 he began t c\rse ( evangeli/ic prea*+ :i* cont9u$ on ei!r side ( ! ocean until 8 dea?1 & :i* is )\t a p>allel 9 *ur* hi/ory4 ,8 incomp>able eloqu5ce ?rong$ ! p>i% *ur*es1 until ! *ur*es 7 clos$ aga9/ him1 & ! ,bi%op ( ,london w>n$ ! p aga9/ him 9 a pa/oral lett]4 ,!n he w5t out into ! op5 fields1 9 ! s]vice1 z he said1 ( him :o _h a m\nta9 = 8 pulpit1 & ! heav5s = 8 s\nd+-bo>d1 & :o1 :5 8 gospel 0 refus$ by ! ,jews1 s5t 8 s]vants into ! highways & h$ges4 ,multitudes ( e rank ?rong$ him2 b especially ! hea!niz$ & embrut$ colli]s ne> ,bri/ol li/5$ to ! unkn[n gospel1 & _! awak5$ feel+s 7 reveal$ to ! prea*] by 8 obs]v+ ! :ite gutt]s made by ! te>s t ran d[n _! grimy faces4 ,at la/ ! emb>go 0 rais$1 & committ+ 8 "w to ,wesley1 :om he _h drawn into field-prea*+1 he sail$ 9 ,augu/1 #agci1 = ,philadelphia1 on 8 way to ,georgia4 ,8 fame _h gone be=e him1 & ! desire to he> him 0 univ]sal4 ,! *ur*es w\ld n conta9 ! ?rongs4 ,x 0 long rememb]$ h[1 on ^? summ] ev5+s1 he w\ld take 8 /& 9 ! balcony ( ! old c\rt-h\se 9 ,m>ket ,/reet1 & h[ e syllable f 8 wond]ful voice w\ld be he>d abo>d ! riv]-craft moor$ at ! foot ( ! /reet1 f\r hundr$ feet away4 ,at ,new ,york ! ,episcopal *ur* 0 clos$ aga9/ him1 b ! pa/or ( ! ,presbyt]ian *ur*1 ,mr4 ,pemb]ton1 f ,bo/on1 made him welcome1 & ! fields 7 free to him & 8 he>]s4 ,on ! way to ,new ,york & back1 ! tireless man prea*$ at e t[n4 ,at ,new ,brunswick he saw & he>d ) pr(\nd admiration ,gilb]t ,t5n5t1 !nce=? 8 fri5d & yokefell[4 ,see+ ! solemn eag]ness ( ! p ev]y:]e to he> him1 he det]m9$ to make ! j\rney to ,savannah by l&1 & aga9 he turn$ ! long j\rney into a campaign ( prea*+4 ,arriv+ at ,savannah 9 ,janu>y1 #agdj1 he laid ! f\ndation ( 8 orphan-h\se1 ,be!sda1 & 9 ,m>* 0 aga9 on 8 way nor?w>d on a t\r ( prea*+ & solicitation ( funds4 ,t\*+ at ,*>le/on1 :]e ! bi%op's commiss>y1 ,dr4 ,g>d51 0 at op5 controv]sy ) him1 he prea*$ five times & receiv$ sev5ty p\nds = 8 *>itable "w4 ,l&+ at ,new ,ca/le on a ,sunday morn+1 he prea*$ morn+ & ev5+4 ,monday morn+ he prea*$ at ,wilm+ton to a va/ assemblage4 ,tuesday ev5+ he prea*$ on ,society ,hill1 9 ,philadelphia1 to ab\t eight ?\s&1 & at ! same place ,w$nesday morn+ & ev5+4 ,!n once m he made ! t\r to ,new ,york & back1 prea*+ at e halt+-place4 ,a contempor>y newspap] conta9s ! foll[+ item3 ,new ,ca/le1 ,may #ae?4 ,?is ev5+ ,mr4 ,:itefield w5t on bo>d 8 sloop "h 9 ord] to sail = ,georgia4 ,on ,sunday he prea*$ twice 9 ,philadelphia1 & 9 ! ev5+1 :5 he prea*$ 8 f>ewell s]mon1 x is suppos$ he _h tw5ty ?\s& he>]s4 ,on ,monday he prea*$ at ,d>by & ,*e/]2 on ,tuesday at ,wilm+ton & ,:iteclay ,creek2 on ,w$nesday1 twice at ,nott+ham2 on ,?ursday at ,fog's ,manor & ,new ,ca/le4 ,! congregations 7 mu* increas$ s9ce 8 be+ "h la/4 ,! pres5ce ( ,god 0 mu* se5 9 ! assemblies1 especially at ,nott+ham & ,fog's ,manor1 :]e ! p 7 "u su* deep s\l-di/ress t _! cries almo/ dr[n$ 8 voice4 ,he has collect$ 9 ?is & ! neighbor+ prov9ces ab\t f\r hundr$ & fifty p\nds /]l+ = 8 orphans 9 ,georgia4 ,into ! feeble b rapidly gr[+ presbyt]ies & ! "o synod ( ! ,am]ican ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* ! revival _h br\ght1 n peace1 b a sword4 ,! collision 0 inevitable betwe5 ! f]vor & unre/ra9$ zeal ( ! evangeli/s & ! s5se ( ord] & decorum1 & ( ! importance ( organization & me?od1 into :i* m5 are tra9$ 9 ! m9i/ry ( an e/abli%$ *ur*4 ,no man1 ev5 at ?is day1 c read ! /&>ds ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* )\t see+ t !y h _h to be /ra9$ to admit ^? revival me?ods :i* ev] s9ce ! days ( ,:itefield h prevail$ 9 t body4 ,! conflict t arose 0 n unlike t :i* f ! beg9n+ ( ,new ,engl& hi/ory _h subsi/$ betwe5 ,sep>ati/ & ,nationali/4 ,9 ! ,presbyt]ian conflict1 z s (t5 9 religi\s controv]sies1 discipl9>y & doctr9al que/ions 7 complicat$ ) a diff]5ce ( race4 ,! ,old ,side 0 ! ,scot* & ,iri% p>ty2 ! ,new ,side 0 ! ,new ,engl& p>ty1 to :i* _m ( ! old-c\ntry m9i/]s adh]$4 ,= successive ye>s ! mutual opposition _h %[n itself 9 ! synod2 & 9 #agdj1 at ! synod meet+ at ,philadelphia1 soon aft] ! dep>ture ( ,:itefield1 ! real gravam5 ( ! controv]sy appe>$1 9 ! impli$ & ev5 express impea*m5t ( ! spiritual "* ( ! ,old ,side m9i/]s4 ,! impea*m5t _h be5 impli$ 9 ! com+ ( ! evangeli/s un9vit$ into o!r m5's p>i%es1 z if ^! 7 mission gr\nd4 ,& n[ x 0 express$ 9 pap]s read be=e ! synod by ,blair & ,gilb]t ,t5n5t4 ,! action ( ! synod w5t s f> t[>d su/a9+ ! m5 ( ! ,new ,side z to repeal ! rule re/ra9+ m9i/]s f prea*+ outside ( _! own p>i%es1 & z to put on record a ?anksgiv+ = ! "w ( ,god 9 ! l&4 ,?r\gh all ! days ( ! synod's meet+1 daily ?rongs on ,society ,hill 7 address$ by ! ,t5n5ts & o!r hot gospel]s ( ! revival1 & *ur*es & private h\ses 7 res\nd+ ) revival hymns & exhortations4 ,already ! prea*+ & pr9t+ ( ,gilb]t ,t5n5t's ,nott+ham ,s]mon _h made fur!r fell[%ip betwe5 ! two p>ties = ! "t impossible4 ,! s]mon flagrantly illu/rat$ ! wor/ *>act]i/ic ( ! revivali/s--_! c5sori\sness4 ,x 0 a viol5t invective on ,! ,dang] ( an ,unconv]t$ ,m9i/ry1 :i* s favorable a critic z ,dr4 ,alex&] has *>act]iz$ z "o ( ! mo/ sev]ely abusive s]mons :i* 0 ev] p5n$4 ,! answ] to x came 9 a =m t might h be5 expect$4 ,at ! op5+ ( ! synod ( #agda a solemn prote/ation 0 pres5t$ conta9+ an indictm5t 9 sev5 grave c\nts aga9/ ! m5 ( ! ,new ,side1 & decl>+ !m to h at pres5t no "r to sit & vote z memb]s ( ?is synod1 & t if !y %\ld sit & vote1 ! do+s ( ! synod w\ld be ( no =ce or obligation4 ,! prote/ation 0 adopt$ by ! synod by a b>e majority ( a small att5dance4 ,! presbyt]y ( ,new ,brunswick f\nd itself exsc9d$ by ?is %ort & easy process ( discipl9e2 ! presbyt]y ( ,new ,york jo9$ ) x 9 organiz+ a new synod1 & ! s*ism 0 complete4 ,x is ne$less fur!r to foll[ 9 detail ! amaz+ c>e] ( ,:itefield1 po/+ o'er l& & ocean )\t re/1 & att5d$ at e movem5t by su* /orms ( religi\s agitation z h be5 already describ$4 ,9 ,augu/1 #agdj1 he made 8 fir/ visit to ,new ,engl&4 ,he met ) a cordial welcome4 ,at ,bo/on all pulpits 7 op5$ to him1 & *ur*es 7 ?rong$ ) eag] & excit$ he>]s4#afh3a ,he prea*$ on ! common 9 ! op5 air1 & ! cr[ds 7 d\bl$4 ,all ! surr\nd+ t[ns1 & ! coa/ ea/w>d to ,ma9e1 & ! int]ior z f> z ,nor?ampton1 & ! ,connecticut t[ns along ! road to ,new ,york1 7 wond]fully ar\s$ by ! prea*+1 :i*1 accord+ to ! te/imony ( two nations & all grades ( society1 mu/ h be5 ( unequal$ p[] ov] ! feel+s4 ,n only ! cl]gy1 includ+ ! few ,*ur* ( ,engl& mission>ies1 b ! colleges & ! magi/rates delight$ to honor him4 ,bel*]1 ! royal gov]nor at ,bo/on1 fairly slobb]$ ov] him1 ) te>s & embraces & kisses2 & ! dev\t ,gov]nor ,talcott1 at ,new ,hav51 gave ,god ?anks1 aft] li/5+ to ! great prea*]1 = su* refre%+s on ! way to our re/4 ,s he 0 sp$ on 8 way back to ! ,s\?4 ,reliev$ ?us ( ! glamor ( 8 pres5ce1 ! ,new ,engl& p began1 "s ( !m1 to recognize 9 :at an e>!n vessel _! treasure _h be5 borne4 ,already1 9 8 e>li] y\?1 :5 8 va/ p[]s _h be5 sudd5ly reveal$ to him & to ! _w1 he _h _h wise c\nsel f su* m5 z ,watts & ,doddridge aga9/ "s ( 8 p]ils4 ,watts w>n$ him aga9/ 8 sup]/ition ( tru/+ to impressions assum$ to be div9e2 & ,doddridge pron\nc$ him an hone/ man1 b weak1 & a little intoxicat$ ) popul>ity4#afi3a ,b no human /r5g? c\ld /& aga9/ ! adulation t ev]y:]e att5d$ him4 ,8 va9 conceit 0 cont9ually betray+ him into indiscretions1 :i* he 0 ev] quick to expiate by humble ackn[l$gm5t4 ,at ,nor?ampton he 0 deeply impress$ ) ! beauty ( hol9ess 9 ,edw>ds & 8 wife2 & he li/5$ ) def]5ce to ! cautions ( t wise c\nselor aga9/ 8 fai? 9 impressions & aga9/ 8 c5sori\s judgm5ts ( o!r m5 z unconv]t$2 b x seem$ to ! pa/or t 8 gue/ lik$ him n s well = oppos+ ^! ?+s4 ,! faults ( ,:itefield 7 int5sifi$ to a hateful degree 9 "s ( 8 associates & foll[]s4 ,leav+ ,bo/on1 he s5t1 to succe$ to 8 "w1 ,gilb]t ,t5n5t1 !n gl[+ ) ! heat ( 8 not$ ,nott+ham s]mon on ,an ,unconv]t$ ,m9i/ry4 ,at once m5's m9ds began to be divid$4 ,on ! "o h&1 s wise & sob] a critic z ,?omas ,pr9ce1 li/5+ ) sev]e att5tion1 gave 8 /rong & unres]v$ approval to ! prea*+ & demeanor ( ,t5n5t4#afi3b ,at ! o!r extreme1 we h su* te/imony z ?is f ,dr4 ,timo?y ,cutl]1 ! =m] rector ( ,yale ,college1 n[ ! ,episcopalian m9i/] ( ,bo/on3 ,x w\ld be an endless attempt to describe t sc5e ( confusion & di/urbance occasion$ by him ,:itefield3 ! division ( families1 neighborhoods1 & t[ns1 ! contr>iety ( husb&s & wives1 ! undutifulness ( *ildr5 & s]vants1 ! qu>rels among tea*]s1 ! disord]s ( ! night1 ! int]mission ( labor & bus9ess1 ! neglect ( husb&ry & ( ga!r+ ! h>ve/4444 ,9 _m conv5ticles & places ( r5dezv\s !re has be5 *eck]$ "w inde$1 sev]al prea*+ & sev]al exhort+ & pray+ at ! same "t1 ! re/ cry+ or laugh+1 yelp+1 sprawl+1 fa9t+1 & ?is revel ma9ta9$ 9 "s places _m days & nights toge!r )\t int]mission2 & !n !re 7 ! bless$ outp\r+s ( ! ,_s6444 ,aft] him came "o ,t5n5t1 a mon/]6 impud5t & noisy1 & told !m !y 7 all damn'd1 damn'd1 damn'd2 ?is *>m$ !m1 & 9 ! mo/ dreadful w9t] ,i ev] saw p wall[$ 9 ! sn[ night & day = ! b5efit ( 8 bea/ly bray+s1 & _m end$ _! days "u ^! fatigues4 ,bo? ( !m c>ri$ m money out ( ^! p>ts ?an ! poor c\ld be ?ankful =4#agj3a ,?is is 9 a tone ( bitt] sect>ian rail+4 ,b1 aft] all1 ! ma9 allegations 9 x are su/a9$ by ! ample evid5ce produc$ by ,dr4 ,*>les ,*auncy1 pa/or ( ! ,fir/ ,*ur* 9 ,bo/on1 9 8 s]i\s & weighty volume ( ,seasonable ,?\ghts on ! ,/ate ( ,religion 9 ,new ,engl&1 publi%$ 9 #agdc1 z he s9c]ely says1 to s]ve ! int]e/s ( ,*ri/'s k+dom1 & fai?fully po9t+ out ! ?+s ( a bad & dang]\s t5d5cy 9 ! late & pres5t religi\s appe>ance 9 ! l&4 ,dr4 ,*auncy 0 d\btless includ$ 9 ! sweep+ d5unciation ( ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry 9 g5]al z unconv]t$1 ,ph>isees1 hypocrites4 ,& yet x does n appe> 9 hi/orical evid5ce t ,*auncy 0 n e :it z good a ,*ri/ian z ,t5n5t or ,:itefield4 ,! excesses ( ! revival w5t on f bad to worse4 ,!y culm9at$1 at la/1 9 ! fr5zy ( poor ,james ,dav5port1 great-gr&son ( ! v5]able f\nd] ( ,new ,hav51 :o1 "u ! control ( impressions & impulses & texts ( ,scripture borne 9 ^u 8 m9d1 ab&on$ 8 ,long ,isl& p>i%1 a true allotrio-episcopos1 to ?ru/ himself un9vit$ into ! p>i%es ( o!r m9i/]s1 d5\nc+ ! pa/or z unconv]t$ & adjur+ ! p to des]t bo? pa/or & *ur*4 ,l "s o!r self-appo9t$ it9]ants & exhort]s ( ! "t1 he seem$ b5t ^u s*ism1 z if ?is 7 ! great end ( prea*+4 ,be+ invit$ to ,new ,london to assi/ 9 organiz+ a ,sep>ati/ *ur*1 he publi%$ ! messages :i* he said he receiv$ f ! ,_s 9 dreams & o!rwise1 import+ ! great necessity ( mortification & contempt ( ! _w2 & made !m believe t !y mu/ put away f !m ev]y?+ t !y delight$ 91 to avoid ! he9\s s9 ( idolatry--t wigs1 cloaks & bree*es1 hoods1 g[ns1 r+s1 jewels1 & necklaces1 mu/ be all br\ght toge!r into "o heap into 8 *amb]1 t !y might by 8 solemn decree be committ$ to ! flames4 ,on ! ,sabba? aft]noon ! pile 0 publicly burn$ amid songs & %\ts4 ,9 ! pile 7 _m favorite books ( devotion1 includ+ works ( ,flavel1 ,bev]idge1 ,h5ry1 & l v5]at$ names1 & ! s5t5ce 0 ann\nc$ ) a l\d voice1 t ! smoke ( ! torm5ts ( su* ( ! au?ors ( ! above-said books z di$ 9 ! same belief z :5 !y set !m out 0 n[ asc5d+ 9 hell1 9 l mann] z !y saw ! smoke ( ^! books arise4#aga3a ,! public fev] & delirium 0 pass+ its crisis4 ,a little m ?an a ye> f ?is "t1 ,dav5port1 :o _h be5 treat$ by 8 bre?r5 ) mu* =be>ance & _h twice be5 releas$ f public process z non compos m5tis1 recov]$ 8 reason at ! same "t ) 8 bodily heal?1 & publi%$ an unres]v$ & affectionate ackn[l$gm5t ( ! wrong t he _h done "u ! influ5ce ( a _s ( delusion :i* he _h mi/ak5 = ! ,_s ( tru?4 ,^? :o _h gone fur!/ ) him 9 8 excesses return$ to a m sob] & bro!rly m9d1 & soon no visible trace rema9$ ( ! wild /orm ( en?usiasm t _h swept ov] ,new ,engl&1 except a few langui%+ s*isms 9 c\ntry t[ns ( ,connecticut4 ,z 9 ! middle colonies1 ! revival _h br\ght division 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,b1 aft] ! ,new ,engl& fa%ion1 x 0 division m]ely into ways ( ?9k+1 n into sects4 ,c5tral 9 ! agitat$ sc5e is ! calm figure ( ,edw>ds1 unit+ ! fai? & zeal ( an apo/le ) ! acut5ess ( a philosoph]1 & apply+ ! exquisite p[]s ( 8 intellect to discrim9ate betwe5 a div9e "w & its human or ,satanic admixtures1 & betwe5 true & spuri\s religi\s affections4 ,he won ! bless+ ( ! peacemak]4 ,:5 half a g5]ation _h pass$ !re _h n ceas$1 inde$1 to be diff]5ces ( op9ion1 b !re 0 none left to def5d ! wild extravagances :i* ! v au?ors ( !m lam5t$1 & !re 0 none to d5y1 9 face ( ! ri* & endur+ fruits ( ! revival1 t ! p[] ( ,god _h be5 pres5t 9 x4 ,9 ! tw5ty ye>s end+ 9 #agfj ! numb] ( ! ,new ,engl& *ur*es _h be5 increas$ by "o hundr$ & fifty4#agb3a ,9 ! middle colonies !re _h be5 l progress4 ,! ,presbyt]ian m9i/ry _h increas$ f =ty-five to m ?an a hundr$2 & ! increase _h be5 :olly on ! ,new ,side4 ,an e>ly move ( ! cons]vative p>ty1 to require a degree f a ,briti% or a ,new ,engl& college z a condition ( lic5se to prea*1 0 promptly recogniz$ z int5d$ to exclude ! f]vid /ud5ts f ! ,log ,college4 ,x 0 met by ! organization ( ,pr9ceton ,college1 ^: influ5ce1 m ,new ,engl&i% ?an ,new ,engl&1 direct$ by a succession ( illu/ri\s ,yale graduates 9 full sympa?y ) ! advanc$ !ology ( ! revival1 0 c\nt$ on to )/& ! m cauti\s or?odoxy ( ,yale4 ,9 ?is & o!r ways ! ,presbyt]ian s*ism fell out to ! fur!rance ( ! gospel4 ,9 ,virg9ia ! quick5+ 0 z :5 ! w9d brea!d 9 ! valley ( dry bones4 ,! /ory ( ,samuel ,morris & 8 unconsci\s mission1 al?\gh au!ntic fact1 belongs ) ! v romance ( evangelism4#agc3a ,:itefield & ,"o-ey$ ,rob9son1 & at la/ ,samuel ,davies1 came to 8 aid4 ,! deadly exclusiv5ess ( ! in]t ,virg9ia e/abli%m5t 0 brok5 up1 & ! gospel _h free c\rse4 ,! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 :i* _h at fir/ be5 look$ on z an exotic sect t might be tol]at$ out on ! we/]n fronti]1 aft] a brief /ruggle ) ! ,act ( ,uni=mity ma9ta9$ its "r to live & /ruck vigor\s root 9 ! soil4 ,! effect ( ! ,awak5+ 0 felt 9 ! e/abli%m5t itself4 ,dev]eux ,j>ratt1 a conv]t ( ! revival1 w5t to ,engl& = ord9ation1 & return$ to labor = ! resuscitation ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur* 9 8 native ,/ate4 ,to him1 & su* z he1 ! fir/ work+s ( ! r5ew$ en]gy ( ! *ur* 9 ,virg9ia are to be trac$4#agc3b ,an ev5 m important result ( ! ,awak5+ 0 ! swift & wide ext5sion ( ,bapti/ pr9ciples & *ur*es4 ,?is 0 altoge!r logical4 ,! revival _h come1 n s mu* 9 ! _s & p[] ( ,elijah1 turn+ to ea* o!r ! he>ts ( fa!rs & ( *ildr51 z 9 ! _s ( ,ezekiel1 ! prea*] ( individual responsibility & duty4 ,! temp] ( ! revival 0 :olly cong5ial ) ! /rong individualism ( ! ,bapti/ *ur*es4 ,! ,sep>ati/ *ur*es =m$ 9 ,new ,engl& by ! )drawal ( revival en?usia/s f ! p>i% *ur*es 9 _m in/ances became ,bapti/4 ,cases ( individual conv]sion to ,bapti/ views 7 frequ5t1 & ! e>ne/ness ) :i* ! new op9ion 0 held approv$ itself n only by debat+ & proselyt+1 b by /r5u\s & useful evangeliz+4 ,especially at ! ,s\?1 f ,virg9ia to ,georgia1 ! new prea*]s1 ent]+ into ! labors ( ! annoy$ & p]secut$ pione]s ( _! communion1 won multitudes ( conv]ts to ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 f ! neglect$ populations1 bo? black & :ite1 & gave to ! ,bapti/ *ur*es a la/+ preem95ce 9 numb]s among ! *ur*es ( ! ,s\?4 ,?r\gh\t ! c\ntry ! effect ( ?is vigor\s propagation ( rival sects op5ly1 9 ! face ( :atev] !re 0 ( *ur* e/abli%m5t1 settl$ ?is po9t3 t ! law ( ,am]ican ,/ates1 by :omsoev] adm9i/]$1 mu/ soon] or lat] be ! law ( lib]ty & equality among ! v>i\s religi\s communions4 ,9 ! s\!rn colonies1 ! empty %ell ( a *ur* e/abli%m5t _h crumbl$ on contact ) ! s]i\s e>ne/ness ( ! "y congregations ga!r$ by ! ,presbyt]ian & ,bapti/ evangeli/s4 ,9 ,new ,engl&1 :]e e/abli%m5t 0 9 ! =m ( an attempt by ! p ( ! commonweal? to confirm ! p ( ea* t[n 9 ! ma9t5ance ( common wor%ip accord+ to _! consci5ce & judgm5t1 ! /&+ ord] _h solid /r5g?2 b :5 x 0 attempt$ by public au?ority to curb ! lib]ty ( a consid]able m9ority consci5ti\sly int5t on secession1 ! re9s 7 ready to break4 ,x soon came to be recogniz$ t ! only preem95ce ! p>i% *ur*es c\ld p]man5tly hold 0 t ( be+ s]vants ( all4 ,) equal & unlimit$ lib]ty1 0 to foll[1 z a prevail+ *>act]i/ic ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity1 a l>ge div]sity ( organization4 ,n only t m5 disagree+ 9 _! convictions ( tru? w\ld be enroll$ 9 diff]5t bodies1 b t m5 hold+ ! same views1 9 ! same /atem5t ( !m1 w\ld feel free to g ap>t f "o ano!r1 & /ay ap>t4 ,!re 0 n ev5 to be any "o g5]ally pr$om9at+ organization f :i* m9or ones %\ld be reckon$ z diss5t+4 ,"o aft] ano!r ! organizations :i* %\ld be tempt$ by "s p]iod ( exceptional gr[? & prosp]ity to pret5d to a hegemony among ! *ur*es--,ca?olic1 ,episcopalian1 ,presbyt]ian1 ,bapti/1 ,me?odi/--w\ld meet ) "s set-back z inexorable z ! law ( nature t prev5ts ! trees f gr[+ up into ! sky4 ,by a curi\s p>adox1 ! same spiritual agitation :i* deep5$ ! divisions ( ! ,am]ican *ur* ar\s$ 9 ! colonies ! consci\sness ( a national religi\s unity4 ,we h already se5 t 9 ! p]iod be=e ! ,awak5+ ! sole organ ( fell[%ip rea*+ ?r\gh ! :ole *a9 ( ! ,briti% colonies 0 ! correspond5ce ( ! ,quak] meet+s & mission>ies4 ,9 ! gl[ ( ! revival ! cont95t awoke to ! consci\sness ( a common spiritual life4 ,rang+ ! cont95t lit]ally f ,georgia to ,ma9e1 ) all 8 weaknesses & indiscretions1 & ) 8 incomp>able eloqu5ce1 welcom$ by e sect1 yet refus+ an exclusive allegiance to any1 ,:itefield ex]cis$ a true apo/olate1 be>+ daily ! c>e ( all ! *ur*es1 & becom+ a mess5g] ( mutual fell[%ip n only betwe5 ! ends ( ! cont95t1 b betwe5 ! ,*ri/ians ( two hemisph]es4 ,remote *ur*es ex*ang$ (fices ( s]vice4 ,t5n5t came f ,new ,j]sey to labor 9 ,new ,engl&2 ,dick9son & ,burr & ,edw>ds 7 ! gift ( ! nor!rn colonies to ! college at ,pr9ceton4 ,! quick5$ s5se ( a common religi\s life & duty & de/9y 0 no small "p ( ! prep>ation = ! bir? ( ! future nation4 ,:e!r = good or = evil1 ! few ye>s f #agdj to #agej 7 de/9$ to impress ^u ! ,am]ican *ur* 9 its v>i\s ord]s1 = a hundr$ ye>s to come1 ! "* ( ,me?odism4#agf3a ,9 ,new ,engl&1 ! idea1 into :i* ! fir/ pa/ors _h be5 tra9$ by _! exp]i5ce z p>i% m9i/]s 9 ! ,engli% e/abli%$ *ur*1 ( ! p>o*ial *ur* hold+ correlative rights & duties t[>d ! community 9 all its families1 succumb$ at la/1 aft] a hundr$ ye>s ( m or less consci\s antagonism1 to ! incompatible pr9ciple1 adopt$ f ! ,sep>ati/s ( ,plym\?1 ( ! *ur* =m$ accord+ to elective aff9ity by ! social compact ( p]sons ( ! age ( discretion :o c\ld give acc\nt to !mselves & to "o ano!r ( ! consci\s act & exp]i5ce ( conv]sion4 ,?is view1 subject to important mitigations or aggravations 9 actual adm9i/ration1 held almo/ unque/ion$ dom9ance 9 ! ,new ,engl& *ur*es until boldly *all5g$ by ,horace ,bu%nell1 9 8 epo*-mak+ volume on ,*ri/ian ,nurture 7#ahdf71 z a dep>ture f ! or?odoxy ( ! fa!rs4 ,9 ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 revivalism z a pr9ciple ( *ur* life _h to cont5d ) rules di/9ctly articulat$ 9 its con/itutional docum5ts4 ,s exclusively does ! ,we/m9/] in/itute contemplate ! *ur* z an e/abli%$ p>i% t its ,directory = ,wor%ip conta9s no provision = s abnormal an incid5t z ! baptism ( an adult1 & all baptiz$ *ildr5 gr[+ up & n be+ ( sc&al\s life are to be welcom$ to ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,x proves ! imm5se p[] ( ! ,awak5+1 t ?is rigid & p[]ful organization1 ( a p t5aci\s ( its traditions to ! po9t ( ob/9acy1 %\ld h swung s completely free at ?is po9t1 n only ( its long-settl$ usages1 b ( ! di/9ct lett] ( its /&>ds4 ,! ,episcopal ,*ur* ( ! colonies 0 almo/ =c$ into an attitude ( opposition to ! revival4 ,! unspeakable folly ( ! ,engli% bi%ops 9 d5\nc+ & sil5c+ ! mo/ effective prea*]s 9 ! national *ur* _h betray$ ,:itefield into 8 mo/ easily besett+ s91 t ( c5sori\s judgm5t1 & 8 sweep+ c\nt]-d5unciations ( ! ,episcopalian cl]gy 9 g5]al z unconv]t$ clos$ to him _m he>ts & pulpits t at fir/ _h be5 hospitably op5 to him4 ,be+ human1 !y came into op5 antagonism to him & to ! revival4 ,f ! prote/ aga9/ extravagance & disord]1 x 0 a %ort & p]il\sly easy /ep to ! rejection ( religi\s f]vor & e>ne/ness4 ,! influ5ce ( ! "m *ur* ( t dre>y p]iod & ! influ5ce ( ! (ficial r+s ar\nd e royal gov]nor 7 all too pot5t 9 ! same direction4 ,! ,propagation ,society's mission>ies boa/$1 ) reason1 ( l>ge accessions ( proselytes ali5at$ f o!r *ur*es by _! di/a/e = ! me?ods ( ! revival4 ,! effect on ! ,episcopal ,*ur* itself 0 9 "s respects unhappy4 ,x l[]$ a spiritual temp]ature already too l[1#agg3a & weak5$ ! moral influ5ce ( ! *ur*1 & ! value ( its te/imony to important pr9ciples :i* !re 7 few besides effici5tly to repres5t--! duty ( ! *ur* n to dis[n or %ut out ^? ( little fai?1 & ! *ur*'s duty t[>d its *ildr54 ,nev] 9 ! hi/ory ( ! *ur* h ! ,"l's husb&m5 %[n a fi]c] zeal = root+ up t>es1 reg>dless ( damage to ! :eat1 ?an 0 %[n by ! prea*]s ( ! ,awak5+4 ,nev] 0 !re a wid] application ( ! reproa* aga9/ ^? :o1 in/ead ( prea*+ to m5 t !y %\ld be conv]t$ & become z little *ildr51 prea* to *ildr5 t !y mu/ be conv]t$ & become l gr[n folks4#agh3a ,! attitude ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur* at t p]iod 0 n altoge!r admirable2 b x is no?+ to its di%onor t x bore ! reproa* ( be+ a fri5d ( publicans & s9n]s1 & (f]$ itself z a refugium peccatorum1 ?us hold+ _m 9 "s sort ( relation to ! k+dom ( ,*ri/ :o w\ld o!rwise h laps$ into %e] infidelity4 ,9 all ?is ! ,episcopal ,*ur* 0 affect$ by ! ,awak5+ only by way ( reaction4 ,b x owes a debt to ! direct influ5ce ( ! ,awak5+ :i* x has n always be5 c>eful to ackn[l$ge4 ,we h already se5 t ! requick5+ ( ! asphyxiat$ *ur* ( ,virg9ia 0 "p ( ! great revival1 & ?is "* rema9s impress$ on t *ur* to ?is day4 ,! be/ ( ^? traits by :i* ! ,am]ican ,episcopal ,*ur* is di/+ui%$ f ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 z1 = in/ance1 ! great] purity ( ! m9i/ry & ( ! memb]%ip1 are family traits ( ! revival *ur*es2 ! mo/ v5]at$ ( its e>ly bi%ops1 ,:ite & ,griswold1 bore ! same family lik5ess2 & ! ,evangelical p>ty1 = a "t s influ5tial 9 its c\nsels1 0 a t>dy & mild aft]gl[ f ! sett+ ( ! ,great ,awak5+4#agi3a ,an incid5t ( ! revival1 fail+ :i* x w\ld h lack$ an ess5tial tok5 ( ! pres5ce ( ! ,_s ( ,*ri/1 0 ! k9dl+ ( zeal = communicat+ ! gospel to ! ignorant1 ! neglect$1 & ! hea!n4 ,among ! fir/-fruits ( ,:itefield's prea*+ at ! ,s\? 0 a practical movem5t among ! plant]s = ! in/ruction ( _! slaves--devotees1 mo/ ( !m1 ( ! mo/ abject feti*-wor%ip ( _! native cont95t4 ,( ! evangeli/s & pa/ors mo/ active 9 ! revival1 !re 7 few1 ei!r ,nor? or ,s\?1 ^: lett]s or j\rnals d n report ! draw+ into ! *ur*es ( l>ge numb]s ( negroes & ,indians1 ^: daily lives witness$ to ! s9c]ity ( _! pr(ession ( rep5tance & ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,! ,indian population ( ! s\!a/]n corn] ( ,connecticut ) su* accord receiv$ ! gospel at ! h&s ( ! evangeli/s t hea!nism seem$ ext9ct among !m4#agi3b ,among ! fir/ trophies ( ! revival at ,norwi* 0 a ,mohegan boy nam$ ,samson ,occum4 ,:eelock1 pa/or at ,lebanon1 "o ( ! mo/ ard5t ( ! revival prea*]s1 took him into 8 family z a /ud5t4 ,?is 0 ! beg9n+ ( t s*ool = ! tra9+ ( ,indian prea*]s :i*1 end[$ 9 "p ) funds ga!r$ by ,occum 9 ,engl&1 grew at la/ into ,d>tm\? ,college4 ,! *oice/ spiritual gifts at ! disposal ( ! *ur* 7 freely sp5t on ! missions4 ,:itefield visit$ ! s*ool & ! field1 & sp$ ,kirkl& on 8 way to ! ,oneidas4 ,edw>ds1 leav+ ,nor?ampton 9 sorr[ ( he>t1 gave 8 incomp>able p[]s to ! "w ( ! gospel among ! ,/ockbridge ,indians until summon$ !nce to ! presid5cy ( ,pr9ceton ,college4 ,:5 ,bra9]d fa9t$ "u 8 burd51 x 0 ,william ,t5n5t :o w5t out into ! wild]ness to c>ry on ! "w ( h>ve/4 ,b ! great gift ( ! ,am]ican *ur* to ! cause ( missions 0 ! gift ( ,david ,bra9]d himself4 ,8 life 0 ! typical mission>y's life--! scatt]+ ( preci\s se$ ) te>s1 ! he>t-sickness ( hope def]r$1 at la/ ! rejoic+ ( ! h>ve/-home4 ,8 e>ly dea? enroll$ him 9 ! canon ( ! sa9ts ( mod]n ,*ri/5dom4 ,! /ory ( 8 life & dea?1 writt5 by ,jona?an ,edw>ds out ( t fa!rly love ) :i* he _h t5d$ ! "y man's late/ days & h\rs1 may n h be5 an unmix$ bless+ to ! *ur*4 ,! long-protract$ introspections1 ! *]i%$ =ebod+s & misgiv+s1 z if d\bt 0 to be cultivat$ z a ,*ri/ian virtue1 may n h be5 an altoge!r :olesome example = g5]al imitation4 ,b ?9k :at ! /ory ( t %ort life has wr\ght6 ,to h[ _m he>ts x has be5 an inspiration to self-sacrifice & devotion to ! s]vice ( ,god 9 ! s]vice ( man1 we _c "k4 ,along "o l9e its influ5ce c be p>tly trac$4 ,! ,life ( ,david ,bra9]d made ,h5ry ,m>tyn a mission>y to ! hea!n4 ,z spiritual fa!r to ,h5ry ,m>tyn1 ,bra9]d may be reckon$1 9 no unimportant s5se1 to be ! fa!r ( mod]n missions to ! hea!n4 ,,footnotes3 #aef3a ,( h[ little relative importance 0 ?is *>ge may be judg$ f ! fact t a qu>t]-c5tury lat]1 :5 ! fam\s ,joseph ,bellamy 0 invit$ to x f 8 t9y p>i% ( ,be?lem1 ,conn41 ! c\ncil call$ to advise 9 ! case judg$ t ! int]e/s ( ,be?lem 7 too important to be sacrific$ to ! dem&s ( ,new ,york4 #aef3b ,see ! altoge!r admirable monograph ( ,pr(essor ,a4 ,v4 ,g4 ,all5 on ,jona?an ,edw>ds1 p4 #bc4 #aei3a ,all51 ,jona?an ,edw>ds1 pp4 #afd-agd4 #afb3a ,joseph ,tracy1 ,! ,great ,awak5+1 *ap4 ii4 ,?is "w1 ( ackn[l$g$ value & au?ority1 is on ! li/ ( ! ,congregational ,bo>d ( ,publication4 ,x is mu* to be regrett$ t ! ,bo>d does n publi% x z well z ann\nce x4 ,a new edition ( x1 "u ! h& ( a compet5t editor1 ) a good index1 w\ld be a useful s]vice to hi/ory4 #afh3a ,! critical hi/orian has ! unusual satisfaction1 at ?is po9t1 ( f9d+ a gauge by :i* to disc\nt ! l>ge r\nd numb]s giv5 9 ,:itefield's j\rnal4 ,he speaks ( prea*+ 9 ! ,old ,s\? ,*ur* to six ?\s& p]sons4 ,! n[ v5]able build+ _h at t "t a seat+ capacity ( ab\t twelve hundr$4 ,mak+ ! l>ge/ all[ance = /&+-room1 we may e/imate 8 actual audi5ce at two ?\s&4 ,:itefield 0 an hone/ man1 b sixty-six p] c5t4 is n too l>ge a disc\nt to make f 8 figures2 8 e/imates ( spiritual effect f 8 labor are liable to a simil> d$uction4 #afi3a ,tracy1 ,great ,awak5+1 p4 #ea4 #afi3b ,ibid41 pp4 #aad-abj4 #agj3a ,lett] ( ,septemb] #bd1 #agdc1 quot$ 9 ,mc,connell1 ,am]ican ,episcopal ,*ur*1 p4 #adb1 note4 #aga3a ,*auncy1 ,seasonable ,?\ghts1 pp4 #bbj-bbc4 #agb3a ,tracy1 ,great ,awak5+1 p4 #chi4 #agc3a ,see ! autobiographical n>rative 9 ,tracy1 p4 #cgg4 #agc3b ,tiffany1 ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 p4 #de4 #agf3a ,! ,great ,awak5+ 444 t]m9at$ ! ,puritan & inaugurat$ ! ,pieti/ or ,me?odi/ age ( ,am]ican *ur* hi/ory 7,?ompson1 ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*es 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 p4 #cd74 ,x is n unnecess>y to rem>k t ! ^w ,me?odi/ is n us$ 9 ! n>r[ s5se ( ,wesleyan4 #agg3a ,unpubli%$ lectures ( ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,g4 ,&rews on ,! ,evangelical ,revival ( #agdj & ,am]ican ,episcopalians4 ,x is mu* to be hop$ t ^! valuable /udies ( ! critical p]iod ( ,am]ican *ur* hi/ory may n long rema9 unpubli%$4 #agh3a ,?is %>p anti!sis is quot$ at second h& f ,*>les ,k+sley4 ,! /ories ( little *ildr5 fright5$ into scream+1 & !n dragg$ 7at f\r ye>s ( age1 says ,jona?an ,edw>ds7 ?r\gh ! agitat+ vicissitudes ( a revival exp]i5ce1 occupy "s ( ! mo/ pa!tic1 n to say tragical1 pages ( ! hi/ory ( ! ,awak5+4 #agi3a ,mc,connell1 pp4 #add-adf2 ,w4 ,g4 ,&rews1 ,lecture ,,iii4 #agi3b ,tracy1 pp4 #ahg-aib4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,close ,,( ,,! ,,colonial ,,era--,,! ,,g]man ,,*ur*es--,,! ,,beg9n+s ,,( ,,! ,,me?odi/ ,,*ur*4 ,! quick5+ ( religi\s feel+1 ! deep5+ ( religi\s conviction1 ! cle>+ & def9+ ( !ological op9ions1 t 7 incid5tal to ! ,great ,awak5+1 7 a prep>ation = m ?an ?irty ye>s ( int5se political & w>like agitation4 ,! *ur*es suff]$ f ! long di/raction ( ! public m9d1 & at ! end ( x 7 fa9t & exhau/$4 ,b = ! infusion ( a m abundant life :i* !y _h receiv$1 x w\ld seem t !y c\ld h>dly h surviv$ ! /ress ( t /ormy & revolution>y p]iod4 ,! religi\s life ( ?is p]iod 0 manife/$ 9 "p 9 ! gr[? ( ! ,new ,engl& !ology4 ,! great lead] ( ?is s*ool ( !ological inquiry1 ! eld] ,edw>ds1 0 born at ! op5+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! olde/ & mo/ em95t ( 8 disciples & successors1 ,bellamy & ,hopk9s1 7 born respectively 9 #agai & #agba1 & ent]$ into ! "w ( ! ,awak5+ 9 ! flu% ( _! e>lie/ manhood4 ,a long dyna/y ( acute & /r5u\s argum5tators has cont9u$1 ?r\gh successive g5]ations to ! pres5t day1 ?is di/9ctly ,am]ican s*ool ( !ological ?\ght4 ,?is is n ! place = trac+ ! intricate hi/ory ( _! discussions1#ahb3a b ! /ory ( ! ,awak5+ c\ld n be told )\t "s m5tion ( ?is its att5dant & sequel4 ,n less notable ?an ! new !ology ( ! revival 0 ! new psalmody4 ,9 g5]al x may be said t e flood-tide ( spiritual emotion 9 ! *ur* leaves its high-wat] m>k 9 ! =m ( new songs to ! ,"l t rema9 aft] ! tide ( feel+ has assuag$4 ,9 ?is in/ance ! new songs 7 n produc$ by ! revival1 b only adopt$ by x4 ,x is n easy = u at ?is day to conceive ! effect t mu/ h be5 produc$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian communities ( ,am]ica by ! adv5t ( ,isaac ,watts's m>vel\s poetic "w1 ,! ,psalms ( ,david ,imitat$ 9 ! ,language ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,important religi\s results h m ?an once foll[$ 9 ! *ur* on ! publication ( religi\s poems--notably1 9 our own c5tury1 on ! publication ( ,! ,*ri/ian ,ye>4 ,b no o!r in/ance ( ! k9d is comp>able ) ! publication 9 ,am]ica ( ,watts's ,psalms4 ,:5 we rememb] h[ scanty 7 ! res\rces ( religi\s poetry 9 ,am]ican homes 9 ! e>ly eighte5? c5tury1 & especially h[ rude & ev5 grotesque ! rhymes t s]v$ 9 ! v>i\s *ur*es z a vehicle ( wor%ip1 x seems t ! com+ ( ^? melodi\s /anzas1 9 :i* ! mean+ ( "o poet is l>gely int]pret$ by ! sympa!tic insight ( ano!r poet1 & ! f]vid devotion ( ! ,old ,te/am5t is in=m$ ) ! life & transfigur$ 9 ! language ( ! ,new1 mu/ h be5 l a gl[ ( sunlight break+ 9 ^u a gray & cl\dy day4 ,few pages ( biography c be f\nd m vividly illu/rative ( ! times & ! m5 ?an ! page 9 :i* ,samuel ,hopk9s recites ! /ory ( ! suff]+s ( 8 own somb] & pond]\s m9d "u ! rebuke ( 8 college fri5d ,david ,bra9]d4 ,he walk$ 8 solit>y room 9 te>s1 & 7he says7 took up ,watts's v]sion ( ! ,psalms1 & op5$ x at ! ,fifty-fir/ ,psalm1 & read ! fir/1 second1 & ?ird p>ts 9 long met] ) /rong affections1 & made x all my own language1 & ?\ght x 0 ! language ( my he>t to ,god4 ,!re 0 m ?an ! exp]i5ce ( a great & simple s\l1 !re 0 ! g]m ( a future sy/em ( !ology1 9 ! p5it5tial confession :i* ! "y /ud5t made 8 own language1 & 9 ! exquisite l9es :i*1 "u ! figure ( a fright5$ bird1 became ! utt]ance ( 8 fir/ tremul\s & falt]+ fai?3 ,"l1 %\ld ?y judgm5t gr[ sev]e1 ,i am condemn$1 b ?\ art cle>4 ,%\ld sudd5 v5geance seize my brea?1 ,i mu/ pron\nce !e j 9 dea?2 ,& if my s\l 7 s5t to hell1 ,?y righte\s law approves x well4 ,yet save a trembl+ s9n]1 ,"l1 ,^: hope1 /ill hov]+ r\nd ?y ^w1 ,w\ld light on "s sweet promise !re1 ,"s sure support aga9/ despair4 ,! introduction ( ! new psalmody 0 n accompli%$ all at once1 nor )\t a /ruggle4 ,b we gravely mi/ake if we look ^u ! controv]sy t result$ 9 ! adoption ( ,watts's ,psalms z a m]e conflict betwe5 enlight5$ good ta/e & /ubborn cons]vatism4 ,! action propos$ 0 revolution>y4 ,x involv$ ! surr5d] ( a long-settl$ pr9ciple ( ,puritanism4 ,at ! pres5t day ! objection to ! use ( human composures 9 public wor%ip is un9telligible1 except to ,scot*m54 ,9 ! lat] ,puritan age su* use 0 reckon$ an infr+em5t on ! entire & exclusive au?ority & suffici5cy ( ! ,scriptures1 & a con/ructive violation ( ! second comm&m5t4 ,by ! adoption ( ! new psalmody ! ,puritan & ,presbyt]ian *ur*es1 p]haps n consci\sly1 b none ! less actually1 yield$ ! major premiss ( ! only argum5t by :i* liturgical wor%ip 0 condemn$ on pr9ciple4 ,!reaft] ! "q ( ! use ( liturgical =ms became a m]e "q ( exp$i5cy4 ,x is rem>kable t ! logical consequ5ces ( ?is important /ep h be5 s t>dy & hesitat+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x 0 n 9 ! common c\rse ( *ur* hi/ory t ! p]iod "u consid]ation %\ld be a p]iod ( vigor\s int]nal activity & developm5t 9 ! old settl$ *ur*es ( ,am]ica4 ,! deep1 (t5 excessive1 excitem5ts ( ! ,awak5+ _h n only ceas$1 b _h be5 succe$$ by int5se agitations ( ano!r sort4 ,two successive ,fr5* & ,indian w>s kept ! long fronti]1 at a "t :5 !re 0 little besides fronti] to ! ,briti% colonies1 9 cont9ual p]il ( fire & scalp+-knife4#ahd3a ,! a/oni%+ly sudd5 & complete ext9ction ( ! ,fr5* politico-religi\s empire 9 ,canada & ! ,we/ made possible1 & at no remote "t inevitable1 ! sep>ation ( ! ,briti% colonies f ! "m c\ntry & ! cont5tions & debates t l$ into ! ,revolution>y ,w> began at once4 ,ano!r consequ5ce ( ! pro/rat+ ( ! ,fr5* p[] 9 ,am]ica has be5 less notic$ by hi/orians1 b ! c\rse ( ?is n>rative w n be foll[$ f> )\t its becom+ manife/ z n less mom5t\s 9 its be>+ on ! future hi/ory ( ! *ur*4 ,! ext9ction ( ! ,fr5*-,ca?olic p[] 9 ,am]ica made possible ! lat] plantation & l>ge & free developm5t ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ! t]ritory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,aft] t ev5t ! ,ca?olic resid5t or citiz5 0 no long] subject to ! suspicion ( be+ a sympa?iz] ) a ho/ile neighbor+ p[]1 & ! ,jesuit mission>y 0 no long] liable to be reg>d$ z a political intrigu] & a conspirator ) savage assass9s aga9/ ! lives ( innoc5t settl]s & _! families4 ,if !re are ^? :o1 read+ ! e>li] pages ( ?is volume1 h m\rn$ ov] ! disappo9tm5t & annihilation ( two magnific5t s*emes ( ,ca?olic dom9ation on ! ,nor? ,am]ican cont95t z be+ among ! pa9ful my/]ies ( div9e provid5ce1 !y may f9d comp5sation = ^! cata/rophes 9 lat] advances ( ,ca?olicism1 :i* )\t ^! antec$5ts w\ld seem to h be5 h>dly possible4 ,al?\gh ! spiritual developm5t ( ! awak5$ ,am]ican *ur*es1 aft] ! ,awak5+ until ! indep5d5ce ( ! ,/ates 0 e/abli%$ & ackn[l$g$1 0 limit$ by ^! great h9drances1 ?is p]iod 0 "o ( mom5t\s influ5ces f abroad ^u ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,scot*-,iri% immigration kept ga!r+ volume & =ce4 ,! great /ream ( immigrants ent]+ at ! port ( ,philadelphia & fl[+ we/w>d & s\?we/w>d 0 jo9$ by a tribut>y /ream ent]+ at ,*>le/on4 ,n only ! numb]s ( ?is p1 occupy+ 9 =ce ! hill-c\ntry f ,p5nsylvania to ,georgia1 b /ill m its extraord9>y qualities & ! discipl9e ( its hi/ory1 made x a factor ( prime importance 9 ! ev5ts ( ! times j be=e & j aft] ! a*ievem5t ( ! national indep5d5ce4 ,= g5]ations x _h be5 s*ool$ to ! appreh5sion & acceptance ( an elaborately articulat$ sy/em ( !ology & *ur* ord] z ( div9e au?ority4 ,its prejudices & animosities 7 q z pot5t z its pr9ciples4 ,its fix$ h]$it>y av]sion to ! ,engli% gov]nm5t & ! ,engli% *ur* 0 ! natural fruit ( long memories & traditions ( outrages inflict$ by bo? ^!2 its influ5ce 0 n[ ab\t to be p[]fully manife/$ 9 ! ov]?r[ ( ! ,engli% p[] & its feeble *ur* e/abli%m5ts 9 ! colonies4 ,at ! op5+ ( ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 reunit$ s9ce ! s*ism ( #agda1 numb]$ "o hundr$ & sev5ty m9i/]s 9 sev5te5 presbyt]ies2 b its weight ( influ5ce 0 out ( all proportion to its numb]s1 & ?is entire =ce1 n altoge!r at unity ) itself on ecclesia/ical que/ions1 0 unit$ z "o man 9 ! ma9t5ance ( ,am]ican rights4 ,! great ,g]man immigration beg9s to fl[ 9 e>ne/ 9 ?is p]iod4 ,?ree successive tides ( migration h set f ,g]many to ,am]ica4 ,! fir/ 0 ! movem5t ( ! petty sects "u ! invitation & patronage ( ,william ,p5n1 qu>t]+ !mselves 9 ! ea/]n p>ts ( ,p5nsylvania4 ,! second 0 ! transportation ( ! ,palat9es1 expatriat$ by /ress ( p]secution & w>1 n f ! ,rh5i% ,palat9ate only1 b f ! ar*du*y ( ,salzburg & f o!r p>ts ( ,g]many & ,switz]l&1 ga!r$ up & remov$ to ,am]ica1 "s ( !m directly1 "s by way ( ,engl&1 z an act ( political *>ity by ,que5 ,anne's gov]nm5t1 ) ! idea ( /r5g!n+ ! colonies by plant+ ,prote/ant settl]s = a safegu>d aga9/ ,spani% or ,fr5* aggressions4 ,! ?ird tide cont9ues fl[+1 ) v>iable volume1 to ?is day4 ,x is ! volunt>y fl[ ( companies ( individual emigrants seek+ to bett] ! =tunes ( !mselves or _! families4 ,b ?is volunt>y migration has be5 unheal?ily & sometimes di%one/ly /imulat$1 f ! beg9n+ ( x1 by ! selfi% int]e/s ( ^? conc]n$ 9 ! bus9ess ( transportation or 9 ! sale ( l&4 ,x seems to h be5 ma9ly ! gre$ ( %ipp+ m]*ants1 at fir/1 t spread abroad 9 ! ,g]man /ates florid ann\ncem5ts ( ! *>ms & ri*es ( ,am]ica1 decoy+ multitudes ( ignorant p]sons to risk ev]y?+ on ^! repres5tations1 & to mortgage !mselves into a t]m ( slav]y until !y %\ld h paid ! co/ ( _! passage by _! labor4 ,?is class ( bondm51 call$ r$emption]s1 made no inconsid]able "p ( ! population ( ! middle colonies2 & x seems to h be5 a wor?y "p4 ,! trade ( trepann+ ! un=tunates & transport+ !m & sell+ _! t]m ( s]vice 0 n by sev]al degrees z bad z ! ,african slave-trade2 b x 0 ( ! same sort1 & ! deadly horrors ( its middle passage 7 h>dly less4 ,9 "o way & ano!r ! ,g]man immigration _h gr[n by ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury to great dim5sions4 ,9 ! ye> #agdi twelve ?\s& ,g]mans l&$ at ! port ( ,philadelphia4 ,9 g5]al !y 7 z %eep hav+ no %eph]d4 ,_! deplorable religi\s condition 0 ow+ less to pov]ty ?an to div]sity ( sects4#ahh3a ,9 _m places ! numb] ( sects r5d]$ conc]t$ action impossible1 & ! p rema9$ de/itute ( religi\s in/ruction4 ,! fam9e ( ! ^w 0 sorely felt4 ,9 #agcc ?ree great ,lu!ran congregations 9 ,p5nsylvania1 numb]+ five hundr$ families ea*1 s5t mess5g]s ) an implor+ petition to _! coreligioni/s at ,london & ,halle1 repres5t+ _! /ate ( ! greate/ de/itution4 ,our own means 7!y say7 are utt]ly insuffici5t to effect ! necess>y relief1 unless ,god 9 8 m]cy may s5d u help f abroad4 ,x is truly lam5table to ?9k ( ! l>ge numb]s ( ! ris+ g5]ation :o "k n _! "r h& f _! left2 &1 unless help be promptly af=d$1 ! dang] is great t1 9 consequ5ce ( ! great lack ( *ur*es & s*ools1 ! mo/ ( !m w be l$ into ! ways ( de/ructive error4 ,?is urg5t appeal bore fruit l ! apples ( ,sodom4 ,x result$ 9 a pa9ful & pitiable correspond5ce ) ! *iefs ( ! "m *ur*1 ^! haggl+ = mon?s & ye>s ov] /ipulations ( sal>y1 & refus+ to s5d a m9i/] until ! sal>y %\ld be pl$g$ 9 ca%2 & _! correspond5ts plead+ _! pov]ty & ne$4#ahh3b ,! few & feeble *ur*es ( ! ,re=m$ confession 7 equally ne$y & ill befri5d$4 ,x seems to u1 z we read ! /ory aft] ! lapse ( a hundr$ & fifty ye>s1 z if ! man expressly design$ & equipp$ by ! provid5ce ( ,god = ?is exig5cy 9 ! progress ( 8 k+dom _h arriv$ :5 ,z9z5dorf1 ! ,moravian1 made 8 appe>ance at ,philadelphia1 ,decemb] #aj1 #agda4 ,! ,am]ican *ur*1 9 all its hi/ory1 c po9t to no fair] repres5tative ( ! *>ity t seeke? n h] own ?an ?is ,saxon nobleman1 :o1 = ! true love t he bore to ,*ri/ & all ,*ri/'s bre?r51 0 will+ to give up 8 home1 8 ance/ral e/ates1 8 =tune1 8 title ( nobility1 8 patrician family "n1 8 (fice ( bi%op 9 ! anci5t ,moravian *ur*1 & ev5 7la/ infirmity ( zeal\s spirits7 8 int]e/ 9 promot+ specially t ord] ( consecrat$ m5 & wom5 9 ! *ur* ca?olic :i* he _h done & sacrific$ s mu* to save f ext9ction1 & to :i* 8 c>es & toils 7 giv54 ,he ha/5$ fir/ up ! ,lehigh ,valley to sp5d ,*ri/mas at ,be?lehem1 :]e ! f\ndations _h already be5 laid on :i* h be5 built up ! half-mona/ic in/itutions ( *>ity & education & missions :i* h done & are /ill do+ s mu* to bless ! _w 9 bo? its hemisph]es4 ,x 0 9 commemoration ( ?is ,*ri/mas visit ( ,bi%op ,z9z5dorf t ! "m h\se ( ! ,moravian communities 9 ,am]ica receiv$ its "n ( ,be?lehem4 ,return+ to ,philadelphia1 he took ?is city z ! base ( 8 unselfi% & unp>tisan labors 9 behalf ( ! great & multiply+ population f 8 fa!rl&1 :i* ?r\gh its sect>ian divisions _h become s helpless & spiritually ne$y4 ,already = tw5ty ye>s !re _h be5 a few scatt]+ *ur*es ( ! ,re=m$ confession1 & = half t "t a few ,lu!ran congregations _h be5 ga!r$ or _h ga!r$ !mselves4 ,b bo? ! sects _h be5 ov]come by ! p>alysis result+ f habitual dep5d5ce on pat]nal gov]nm5ts1 & ! two 7 borne asund]1 :ile e "r motive 0 urg+ to cooep]ation & fell[%ip1 by ! almo/ sp5t mom5tum ( old controv]sies4 ,9 ,philadelphia two />vel+ congregations repres5t+ ! two compet+ sects occupi$ ! same rude meet+-place ea* by itself on alt]nate ,sundays4 ,! ,lu!rans made %ift )\t a pa/or1 = ! only ,lu!ran m9i/] 9 ,p5nsylvania liv$ at ,lanca/]1 sixty miles away4 ,to ! scatt]$1 di/ract$1 & demoraliz$ flocks ( 8 ,g]man fell[-,*ri/ians 9 ! middle colonies came ,z9z5dorf1 kn[+ ,jesus ,*ri/ crucifi$1 kn[+ no man accord+ to ! fle%2 & at once ! neglect$ congregations 7 made to feel ! ?rill ( a /rong religi\s life4 ,agl[ ) zeal = ,*ri/1 ?r[+ all emphasis 9 8 tea*+ ^u ! "o doctr9e ( r$emption ?r\gh ! blood %$ on ,calv>y1 all ! social advantages & influ5ce & weal? :i* 8 position gave him 7 made subs]vi5t to ! "w ( prea*+ ,*ri/1 & him crucifi$1 to ! ri* & ! poor1 ! le>n$ & ! ignorant4#aij3a ,! ,lu!rans ( ,philadelphia he>d him gladly & entreat$ him to prea* to !m regul>ly2 to :i* he cons5t$1 b n until he _h assur$ himself t ?is w\ld be acceptable to ! pa/or ( ! ,re=m$ congregation4 ,b 8 mission 0 to ! %eep scatt]$ abroad1 ( :om he reckon$ 7an extravagant ov]e/imate7 n less ?an "o hundr$ ?\s& ( ! ,lu!ran p>ty 9 ,p5nsylvania alone4 ,o!rs1 z he soon f\nd1 _h be5 feel+1 l himself1 ! hurt ( ! daught] ( ,zion4 ,a s]ies ( conf]5ces 0 held f mon? to mon?1 9 :i* m5 ( ! v>i\s ,g]man sects took c\nsel toge!r ov] ! diss5sions ( _! p1 & ov] ! "q h[ ! ru9\s effects ( ^! diss5sions c\ld be avoid$4 ,! plan 01 n to attempt a m]g] ( ! sects1 nor to ali5ate m5 f _! habitual affiliations1 b to draw toge!r 9 cooep]ation & common wor%ip ! ,g]man ,*ri/ians1 ( :atev] sect1 9 a fell[%ip to be call$1 9 imitation ( a ,paul9e phrase 7,eph4 ii4 #bb71 ! ,congregation ( ,god 9 ! ,_s4 ,! plan seem$ s "r & reasonable & promis+ ( b5efic5t results z to w9 g5]al approval4 ,x 0 9 a fair way to draw toge!r ! :ole mis]ably divid$ ,g]man population4#aia3a ,at once ! drum ecclesia/ic beat to arms4 ,9 view ( ! imp5d+ dang] t _! scatt]$ fell[-c\ntrym5 might come into mutual fell[%ip on ! basis ( _! common fai? 9 ,*ri/1 ! ,lu!ran lead]s at ,halle1 :o = ye>s _h be5 dawdl+ & haggl+ ov] ! implor+ entreaties ( ! %eph]dless ,lu!ran populations 9 ,am]ica1 promptly reconsid]$ _! non possumus1 & f\nd & s5t a man admirably qualifi$ = ! desir$ "w1 ,h5ry ,mel*ior ,muehl5b]g1 a man ( em95t ability & judgm5t1 ( fai?1 devotion1 & untir+ dilig5ce1 n illib]al1 b a consci5ti\s sect>ian4 ,an e>ne/ prea*] ( ! gospel1 he 0 also e>ne/ t ! gospel %\ld be prea*$ accord+ to ! ,lu!ran =mul>ies1 to congregations organiz$ accord+ to ! ,lu!ran discipl9e4 ,! easi] & less wor?y "p ( ! appo9t$ task 0 soon a*iev$4 ,! dang] t ! religi\s factions t _h divid$ ,g]many might be laid aside 9 ! ,new ,_w 0 effectually dispell$4 ,six ye>s lat] ! gov]nor ( ,p5nsylvania 0 /ill able to write1 ,! ,g]mans import$ ) !m all ! religi\s :imsies ( _! c\ntry1 &1 ,i believe1 h subdivid$ s9ce _! arrival "h2 & he e/imates _! numb] at ?ree fif?s ( ! population ( ! prov9ce4 ,! m ardu\s & noble "w ( organiz+ & compact+ ! ,lu!rans into _! sep>ate congregations1 & comb9+ ^! by synodical assemblies1 0 prosecut$ ) wisdom & en]gy1 & at la/1 9 spite ( h9drances & disc\ragem5ts1 ) b5efic5t success4 ,! ,am]ican ,lu!ran ,*ur* ( to-day is ! monum5t ( ! labors ( ,muehl5b]g4 ,! brief rema9d] ( ,z9z5dorf's "w 9 ,am]ica may be briefly told4 ,!re is no d\bt t1 l _m ano!r eag] & hopeful re=m]1 he ov]e/imat$ ! /r5g? & solidity ( ! support t 0 giv5 to 8 g5]\s & b5efic5t plans4 ,at ! "t ( ,muehl5b]g's arrival ,z9z5dorf 0 ! elect$ & in/all$ pa/or ( ! ,lu!ran congregation 9 ,philadelphia4 ,! conflict c\ld n be a long "o betwe5 ! man :o claim$ ev]y?+ = 8 commission & 8 sect & ! man :o 0 resolv$ to insi/ on no?+ = himself4 ,not)/&+ ! /rong love = him among ! p1 ,z9z5dorf 0 easily displac$ f 8 (ficial /ation4 ,:5 dispute arose ab\t ! use ( ! empty c>p5t]'s %op t /ood !m in/ead ( a *ur*1 he waiv$ 8 own claims & at 8 own co/ built a new h\se ( wor%ip4 ,b x 0 no "p ( 8 "w to /ay & p]si/ 9 ma9ta9+ a division4 ,he retir$ f ! field1 leav+ x 9 *>ge ( ,muehl5b]g1 be+ satisfi$ if only ,*ri/ 7 prea*$1 & return$ to ,europe1 hav+ a*iev$ a truly honorable & mo/ ,*ri/ian failure1 m to be e/eem$ 9 ! sight ( ,god ?an _m a spl5did success4 ,b 8 brief soj\rn 9 ,am]ica 0 n )\t visible fruit4 ,he left beh9d him ! ,moravian *ur* fully organiz$ "u ! episcopate ( ,bi%op ,david ,nits*mann1 ) communities or congregations begun at n9e diff]5t c5t]s1 & s*ools e/abli%$ 9 f\r places4 ,an ext5sive it9]ancy _h be5 set 9 op]ation "u c>eful sup]vision1 &1 mo/ *>act]i/ic ( all1 a great beg9n+ _h be5 made ( ^? missions to ! hea!n ,indians1 9 :i* ! devot$ & successful labors ( ?is little society ( ,*ri/ians h put to %ame ! :ole ,am]ican *ur* besides4 ,n all ( ?is is to be ascrib$ to ! activity ( ,z9z5dorf2 b 9 all ( x he 0 a %>]1 & 8 %>e 0 a h]oic "o4 ,! two ye>s' visit ( ,c\nt ,z9z5dorf to ,am]ica =ms a beautiful & q s+ul> episode 9 our *ur* hi/ory4 ,return+ to 8 ance/ral e/ates spl5didly impov]i%$ by 8 free-h&$ b5efic5ce1 he pass$ _m ( ! lat] ye>s ( 8 life at ,h]rnhut1 t radiat+ c5t] f :i* ! light ( ! gospel 0 borne by ! multitude ( humble mission>ies to e cont95t "u ! :ole heav54 ,! news t came to him f ! economies t he _h plant$ 9 ! =e/s ( ,p5nsylvania 0 su* z to fill 8 g5]\s s\l ) joy4 ,9 ! communities ( ,naz>e? & ,be?lehem 0 r5ew$ ! p5teco/al consecration :5 no man call$ any?+ 8 own4 ,! prosp]\s f>ms & v>i$ indu/ries1 9 :i* no t[ns 9 ,p5nsylvania c\ld equal !m1 7 c>ri$ on1 n = private int]e/1 b = ! *ur*4 ,aft] ?ree ye>s ! community "w 0 n only self-support+1 b su/a9$ ab\t fifty mission>ies 9 ! field1 & 0 prep>+ to s5d aid to ! missions ( ! "m *ur* 9 ,g]many4 ,! ,moravian settlem5ts multipli$ at di/ant po9ts1 nor? & s\?4 ,! educational e/abli%m5ts grew /rong & fam\s4 ,b especially ! ,indian missions spread f> & wide4 ,! /ory ( ^! missions is "o ( ! faire/ & mo/ radiant pages 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican *ur*1 & "o ( ! bloodie/4 ,z9z5dorf1 dy+ at ,london 9 ,may1 #agef1 0 sp>$1 we may hope1 ! he>tbreak+ news ( ! massacre at ,gnad5huett5 ! ye> be=e4 ,b f t "t on1 ?r\gh ! ,fr5* w>s1 ! ,revolution>y ,w>1 ! ,w> ( #ahab1 & d[n to ! infamy ( ,georgia & ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 #ahcg1 ! innoc5t & ,*ri/like ,moravian missions h be5 expos$ f e side to ! malignity ( savage m5 bo? :ite & r$4 ,no ord] ( mission>ies or mission>y conv]ts c %[ a nobl] roll ( m>tyrs ?an ! ,moravians4#aid3a ,! "w ( ,muehl5b]g = ! ,lu!rans /imulat$ ! ,re=m$ *ur*es 9 ,europe to a l "w = _! own scatt]$ & pa/orless %eep4 ,9 bo? cases ! fe> t ! "w ( ! gospel might n be done seem$ a less effective incitem5t to activity ?an ! fe> t x might be done by o!rs4 ,x 0 ! ,re=m$ ,*ur* ( ,holl&1 r ?an ^? ( ,g]many1 mis]ably brok5 d[n & disc\rag$ by ravag+ w>s1 t assum$ ! ma9 responsibility = ?is task4 ,z e>ly z #agbh ! ,dut* synods _h e>ne/ly respond$ to ! appeal ( _! impov]i%$ bre?r5 on ! ,rh9e 9 behalf ( ! %eep scatt]$ abroad4 ,& 9 #agdc1 act+ ?r\gh ! classis ( ,am/]dam1 !y _h made su* progress t[>d beg9n+ ! prelim9>y arrangem5ts ( ! "w z to s5d to ! ,presbyt]ian synod ( ,philadelphia a proposal to comb9e into "o ! ,presbyt]ian1 or ,scot* ,re=m$1 ! ,dut* ,re=m$1 & ! ,g]man ,re=m$ *ur*es 9 ,am]ica4 ,x _h already be5 prov$ impossible to draw toge!r 9 common activity & wor%ip ! diff]5t sects ( ! same ,g]man race & language2 ! ef=t to unite 9 "o organization peoples ( diff]5t language1 b ( sub/antially ! same doctr9e & polity1 0 equally futile4 ,x seem$ z if m9ute sect>ian division & subdivision 0 to be =c$ ^u ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity z a law ( its *ur* life4 ,diplomacies end$1 ! synods ( ,holl& took up _! "w ) real munific5ce4 ,l>ge funds 7 rais$1 suffici5t to make e ,g]man ,re=m$ mission>y 9 ,am]ica a /ip5di>y ( ! classis ( ,am/]dam2 & if ^! subsidies 7 encumb]$ ) sev]e conditions ( subord9ation to a =eign directory1 & if !y begot an enfeebl+ s5se ( dep5d5ce1 ^! 7 necess>y incid5ts ( ! difficult situation--res dura et novitas regni4 ,! mo/ important s]vice :i* ! synods ( ,holl& r5d]$ to _! ,am]ican b5efici>ies 0 to f9d a man :o %\ld d = !m j ! "w :i* ,muehl5b]g 0 already do+ ) great en]gy = ! ,lu!rans4 ,! man 0 ,mi*ael ,s*latt]4 ,if 9 any respect he 0 inf]ior to ,muehl5b]g1 x 0 n 9 respect to dilig5t devotion to ! bus9ess on :i* he _h be5 s5t4 ,x is mu* to ! cr$it ( bo? ( !m t1 9 organiz+ & promot+ _! two %>ply compet+ sects1 !y nev] fail$ ( frat]nal p]sonal relations4 ,!y work$ toge!r ) "o he>t to keep _! p ap>t f ea* o!r4 ,! ,*ri/ian in/9ct1 9 a community ( ,g]man ,*ri/ians1 to ga!r 9 "o congregation = common wor%ip 0 solemnly disc\rag$ by ! two apo/les & ! synods :i* !y organiz$4 ,h[ c\ld ! two p>ties walk toge!r :5 "o pray$ ,vat] uns]1 & ! o!r uns] ,vat]8 ,b ! beauty ( ,*ri/ian unity 0 illu/rat$ 9 su* incid5ts z ?is3 ,mr4 ,s*latt] & "s ( ! ,re=m$ ,*ri/ians1 be+ pres5t at a ,lu!ran *ur* on a communion ,sunday1 li/5$ to ! prea*+ ( ! ,lu!ran pa/or1 aft] :i* ! ,re=m$ m9i/] made a communion address1 & !n ! congregation 0 dismiss$1 & ! ,re=m$ w5t (f to a s*ool-h\se to receive ! ,"l's ,supp]4#aif3a ,truly x 0 fragrant l ! o9tm5t on ! be>d ( ,a>on6 ,su* 0 ! dilig5ce ( ,s*latt] t ! synod or coetus ( ! ,re=m$ ,*ur* 0 in/itut$ 9 #agdg1 a ye> f 8 arrival4 ,! ,lu!ran synod dates f #agdh1 al?\gh ,muehl5b]g 0 on ! gr\nd f\r ye>s e>li] ?an ,s*latt]4 ,?us ! great "w ( divid+ ! ,g]man population ( ,am]ica into two major sects 0 consci5ti\sly & effectually p]=m$4 ,sev5ty ye>s lat]1 ) l>ge exp5diture ( p]suasion1 au?ority1 & money1 x 0 f\nd possible to heal 9 "s measure 9 ! old c\ntry ! v s*ism :i* good m5 _h be5 at su* pa9s to p]petuate 9 ! new4 ,high honor is due to ! prophetic wisdom ( ^! two lead]s ( ,g]man-,am]ican ,*ri/ianity1 9 t !y cle>ly recogniz$ 9 advance t ! ,engli% 0 de/9$ to be ! dom9ant language ( ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,_! /r5u\s ?\gh unsuccessful ef=t to promote a sy/em ( public s*ools 9 ,p5nsylvania 0 defeat$ ?r\gh _! own ill judgm5t & ! ignorant prejudices ( ! immigrant p play$ ^u by politicians4 ,b ! m]e attempt entitles !m to la/+ gratitude4 ,x is n unlikely t _! divisive "w ( *ur* organization may h contribut$ indirectly to defeat ! aspirations ( _! fell[-,g]mans aft] ! p]petuation ( a ,g]many 9 ,am]ica4 ,! comb9ation ( ! mass ( ! ,g]man population 9 "o solid *ur* organization w\ld h be5 a =midable support to su* aspirations4 ,! splitt+ ( ?is mass 9 half1 necessitat+ petty local s*isms ) all _! debilitat+ & demoraliz+ consequ5ces1 may h help$ secure ! c\ntry f a s]i\s political & social dang]4 ,s1 !n1 ! ,g]man *ur* 9 ,am]ica at ! close ( ! colonial era exi/s1 outside ( ! petty primeval sects1 9 ?ree ma9 divisions3 ! ,lu!ran1 ! ,re=m$1 & ! ,moravian4 ,!re is free opportunity = ,*ri/ians ( ?is language to sort !mselves accord+ to _! elective aff9ities4 ,t ,am]ican ideal ( edify+ h>mony is well atta9$1 accord+ to :i* m5 ( p>tial or "o-sid$ views ( tru? %all be associat$ exclusively 9 *ur* relations ) o!rs ( l preci\s defects4 ,muehl5b]g seems to h be5 s5sible ( ! nature ( ! division he 0 mak+ 9 ! body ( ,*ri/1 :51 aft] sev]+ successfully betwe5 ! /rict ,lu!rans 9 a c]ta9 congregation & ^? ( ,moravian sympa?ies1 he f9ds x h>d to decide on :i* side ( ! controv]sy ! great] ju/ice lay4 ,! great] "p ( ^? on ! ,lu!ran side1 he fe>$1 0 compos$ ( unconv]t$ m51 :ile ! ,moravian p>ty seem$ op5 to ! reproa* ( en?usiasm4 ,s he conclud$ t ea* sort ( ,*ri/ians w\ld be bett] (f )\t ! o!r4 ,"t prov$ 8 diagnosis to be bett] ?an 8 treatm5t4 ,9 ! c\rse ( a g5]ation ! ,lu!ran body1 c>efully we$$ ( pieti/ic admixtures1 sank p]il\sly deep 9 cold rationalism1 & ! ,moravian *ur* 0 q c>ri$ away = a "t on a flood ( s5tim5talism4 ,:at might h be5 ! c\rse ( ?is "p ( *ur* hi/ory if ,muehl5b]g & ,s*latt] _h %>$ m deeply ) ,z9z5dorf 9 ! _s ( apo/olic & ca?olic ,*ri/ianity1 & if all ?ree _h conspir$ to draw toge!r into "o ! v>i\s temp]am5ts & t5d5cies ( ! ,g]man ,am]icans 9 ! unity ( ! ,_s ) ! bond ( peace1 may seem l an idle hi/orical conjecture1 b ! "q is n )\t practical int]e/ to-day4 ,p]haps ! ,moravians w\ld h be5 ! bett] = be+ balla/$ ) ! weighty !ologies & ! cons]vative temp] ( ! /ate *ur*es2 x is v c]ta9 t ^! w\ld h ga9$ by ! infusion ( some?+ ( t w>m? ( ,*ri/ian love & zeal t p]vad$ to a wond]ful degree ! :ole ,moravian fell[%ip4 ,b ! h& & ! foot 7 q agre$ t !y _h no ne$ ( ea* o!r or ( ! he>t4#aih3a 99 99 99 99 99 ,by f> ! mo/ mom5t\s ev5t ( ,am]ican *ur* hi/ory 9 ! clos+ p]iod ( ! colonial era 0 ! plant+ ( ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,! ,wesleyan revival 0 /rangely t>dy 9 rea*+ ?is c\ntry1 ) :i* x _h s _m po9ts ( connection4 ,x 0 9 ,am]ica1 9 #agcg1 t ,john ,wesley pass$ ?r\gh ! discipl9e ( a humiliat+ exp]i5ce1 by :i* 8 m9d _h be5 op5$1 & t he _h be5 br\ght into acqua9tance ) ! ,moravians1 by :om he 0 to be taught ! way ( ! ,"l m p]fectly4 ,x 0 ,john ,wesley :o s5t ,:itefield to ,am]ica1 f :om1 on 8 fir/ return to ,engl&1 9 #agch1 he le>n$ ! practice ( field-prea*+4 ,x 0 f ,am]ica t ,edw>ds's ,n>rative ( ,surpris+ ,conv]sions _h come to ,wesley1 :i*1 be+ read by him on ! walk f ,london to ,ox=d1 op5$ to 8 m9d unkn[n possibilities ( ! swift advancem5t ( ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,! beg9n+ ( ! ,wesleyan societies 9 ,engl& foll[$ 9 close connection ^u ! fir/ ,awak5+ 9 ,am]ica4 ,x w5t on ) gr[+ mom5tum 9 ,engl& & ,irel& = qu>t] ( a c5tury1 until1 9 #agfe1 x numb]$ ?irty-n9e circuits s]v$ by n9ety-two it9]ant prea*]s2 & its "w 0 ma9ly among ! classes f :i* ! emigration to ! colonies 0 drawn4 ,x is n easy to expla9 h[ x came to pass t ?r\gh all ^! tw5ty-five ye>s ,wesleyan ,me?odism gave no s\nd or sign ( life on t cont95t on :i* x 0 de/9$ 7if "o may speak ( pr$e/9ation 9 ?is connection7 to gr[ to its mo/ magnific5t proportions4 ,at la/1 9 #agff1 9 a little gr\p ( ,me?odi/ families t _h f\nd "o ano!r out among ! rec5t com]s 9 ,new ,york1 ,philip ,embury1 :o 9 8 native ,irel& long be=e _h be5 a recogniz$ local prea*]1 0 induc$ by ! p]suasions & reproa*es ( a pi\s woman to take 8 n inconsid]able tal5t f ! napk9 9 :i* he _h kept x hidd5 = six ye>s1 & prea* 9 8 own h\se to z _m z c\ld be br\ght 9 to li/5 to him4 ,! few t 7 !re =m$ !mselves into a class & promis$ to att5d at future meet+s4 ,a m unt[>d "t = ! sett+ on foot ( a religi\s ent]prise c\ld h>dly h be5 *os54 ,x 0 a "t ( prevail+ languor 9 ! *ur*es1 9 ! reaction f ! ,great ,awak5+2 x 0 also a "t ( int5se political agitation4 ,! ye> be=e ! ,/amp ,act _h be5 pass$1 & ! :ole *a9 ( colonies1 f ,new ,hamp%ire to ,georgia1 _h be5 /irr$ up to resi/ ! execution ( x4 ,?is ye> ! ,/amp ,act _h be5 repeal$1 b 9 su* t]ms z to imply a new m5ace & r$\ble ! agitation4 ,f ?is "t =w>d to ! outbreak ( w> 9 #agge1 & f t ye> on till ! conclusion ( peace 9 #aghc1 ! l& 0 nev] at re/ f turmoil4 ,?r\gh x all ! ,me?odi/ societies grew & multipli$4 ,9 #agfg ,embury's h\se _h ov]fl[$1 & a sail-l(t 0 hir$ = ! gr[+ congregation4 ,9 #agfh a lot on ,john ,/reet 0 secur$ & a meet+-h\se 0 built4 ,! "w _h spread to ,philadelphia1 &1 self-plant$ 9 ,m>yl& "u ! prea*+ ( ,rob]t ,/rawbridge1 0 propagat+ itself rapidly 9 t peculi>ly cong5ial soil4 ,9 #agfi1 9 response to e>ne/ entreaties f ,am]ica1 two ( ,wesley's it9]ant prea*]s1 ,bo>dman & ,pilmoor1 arriv$ ) 8 commission to organize an ,am]ican it9]ancy2 & two ye>s lat]1 9 #agga1 arriv$ ,francis ,asbury1 :o1 by virtue ( 8 preem95t qualifications = organization1 adm9i/ration1 & comm&1 soon became practically ! director ( ! ,am]ican "w1 a function to :i*1 9 #aggb1 he 0 (ficially appo9t$ by commission f ,wesley4 ,v great is ! debt t ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity owes to ,francis ,asbury4 ,x may reasonably be d\bt$ :e!r any "o man1 f ! f\nd+ ( ! *ur* 9 ,am]ica until n[1 has a*iev$ s mu* 9 ! visible & traceable results ( 8 "w4 ,x is v c]ta9 t ,wesley himself1 ) 8 despotic temp] & 8 ,high-*ur* & ,tory pr9ciples1 c\ld n h c>ri$ ! ,me?odi/ movem5t 9 ! ,new ,_w onw>d ?r\gh ! p]ils ( its infancy on ! way to s em95t a success z t :i* 0 prep>$ by 8 viceg]5t4 ,fully possess$ ( ! pr9ciples ( t autocratic discipl9e orda9$ by ,wesley1 he knew h[ to use x z n abus+ x1 be+ aw>e t su* a discipl9e c cont9ue to subsi/1 9 ! long run1 only by /udy+ ! temp] ( ! subjects ( x1 & mak+ sure ( ob$i5ce to ord]s by mak+ sure t ! ord]s are agreeable1 on ! :ole1 to ! subjects4 ,m ?an "o polity !oretically ari/ocratic or mon>*ic 9 ! atmosph]e ( our republic has gr[n into a practically popul> gov]nm5t1 simply ?r\gh tact & good judgm5t 9 ! adm9i/ration ( x1 )\t *ang+ a syllable ( its con/itution4 ,v e>ly 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,me?odi/ ,*ur* x is easy to recognize ! aptitude ) :i* ,asbury naturalizes himself 9 ! new climate4 ,nom9ally he holds an absolute autocracy ov] ! "y organization4 ,:atev] ! subject at issue1 on he>+ e prea*] = & aga9/1 ! "r ( det]m9ation 0 to re/ ) him4#bja3a ,que/ions ( ! utmo/ difficulty & ( vital importance arose 9 ! fir/ ye>s ( ! ,am]ican it9]ancy4 ,!y c\ld n h be5 decid$ s wisely = ! c\ntry & ! univ]sal *ur* if ,asbury1 seem+ to gov]n ! m9i/ry & memb]%ip ( ! ,society1 _h n /udi$ to be gov]n$ by !m4 ,9 spite ( ! /urdy dictum ( ,wesley1 ,we are n republicans1 & d n int5d to be1 ! salut>y & necess>y *ange _h already begun :i* 0 to accommodate 8 in/itutes 9 practice1 & ev5tually 9 =m1 to ! habits & requirem5ts ( a free p4 ,! c5t] ( gravity ( ! ,me?odi/ ,society1 beg9n+ at ,new ,york1 mov$ rapidly s\?w>d4 ,bo/on _h be5 ! metropolis ( ! ,congregationali/ *ur*es2 ,new ,york1 ( ! ,episcopalians2 ,philadelphia1 ( ! ,quak]s & ! ,presbyt]ians2 & ,baltimore1 late/ & s\!rnmo/ ( ! l>ge colonial cities1 became1 = a "t1 ! headqu>t]s ( ,me?odism4 ,accessions to ! ,society 9 t region 7 m 9 numb] & /rong] 9 weal? & social influ5ce ?an 9 m nor!rn communities4 ,x 0 at ,baltimore t ,asbury fix$ 8 resid5ce--s f> z a ,me?odi/ bi%op1 rang+ ! c\ntry ) incessant & untir+ dilig5ce1 c\ld be said to h a fix$ resid5ce4 ,! record ( ! successive annual conf]5ces ( ! ,me?odi/s gives a gauge ( _! increase4 ,at ! fir/1 9 #aggc1 at ,philadelphia1 !re 7 report$ #aafj memb]s & #aj prea*]s1 n "o ( ^! a native ( ,am]ica4 ,at ! second annual conf]5ce1 9 ,philadelphia1 !re 7 report$ #bjgc memb]s & #ag prea*]s4 ,! ?ird annual conf]5ce sat at ,philadelphia 9 #agge1 simultane\sly ) ! ,cont95tal ,congress4 ,x 0 ! beg9n+ ( ! w>4 ,!re 7 report$ #cadh memb]s4 ,"s ( ! =emo/ prea*]s _h gone back to ,engl&1 unable to c>ry on _! "w )\t be+ compell$ to compromise _! royali/ pr9ciples4 ,! prea*]s report+ 7 #ai4 ,( ! memb]%ip ne>ly #bejj 7 s\? ( ,philadelphia--ab\t eighty p] c5t4 ,at ! f\r? annual conf]5ce1 at ,baltimore1 9 #aggf1 7 report$ #diba memb]s & #bd prea*]s4 ,at ! fif? annual conf]5ce1 9 ,h>=d ,c\nty1 ,m>yl&1 7 report$ #fifh memb]s & #cf prea*]s4 ,?is 0 9 ! ?ick ( ! w>4 ,m ( ! lead+ prea*]s1 sympa?iz+ ) ! royal cause1 7 go+ home to ,engl&4 ,! ,me?odi/s z a body 7 subject to n unreasonable suspicion ( be+ disaffect$ to ! cause ( indep5d5ce4 ,_! prea*]s 7 pr9cipally ,engli%m5 ) ,briti% sympa?ies4 ,! :ole ord] 0 dom9at$ & its prop]ty controll$ by an (f5sively outspok5 ,tory ( ! ,dr4 ,johnson type4#bjb3a ,x 0 natural en\gh t 9 _! public "w !y %\ld be liable to annoyance1 mob viol5ce1 & milit>y arre/4 ,ev5 ,asbury1 a man ( prov$ ,am]ican sympa?ies1 f\nd x necess>y to retire = a "t f public activity4 ,9 ^! circum/ances1 x is no wond] t at ! conf]5ce ( #aggh1 at ,leesburg1 ,va41 at :i* five circuits 9 ! mo/ di/urb$ regions 7 unrepres5t$1 !re 0 a decl9e 9 numb]s4 ,! memb]s 7 few] by #hgc2 ! prea*]s few] by #g4 ,b x is really wond]ful t ! next ye> 7#aggi7 7 report$ ext5sive revivals 9 all p>ts n directly affect$ by ! w>1 & an increase ( #bdhb memb]s & #di prea*]s4 ,! di/ribution ( ! memb]%ip 0 v rem>kable4 ,at ?is "t1 & = _m ye>s aft]1 !re 0 no organiz$ ,me?odism 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,new ,york1 be+ occupi$ by ! invad+ army1 s5t no report4 ,( ! total report$ memb]%ip ( #hegg1 #adj are cr$it$ to ,new ,j]sey1 #agi to ,p5nsylvania1 #gie to ,delaw>e1 & #ijj to ,m>yl&4 ,ne>ly all ! rema9d]1 ab\t eighty p] c5t4 ( ! :ole1 0 includ$ 9 ,virg9ia & ,nor? ,c>ol9a4 ,) ! exception ( #cai p]sons1 ! entire report$ memb]%ip ( ! ,me?odi/ societies liv$ s\? ( ,mason & ,dixon's l9e4 ,! fact ?r[s an honorable light on "s incid5ts ( ! e>ly hi/ory ( ?is great ord] ( prea*]s4 ,9 ! sixte5 ye>s f ! meet+ 9 ,philip ,embury's h\se to ! end ( ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce ! memb]%ip ( ! ,me?odi/ societies grew to ab\t #ab1jjj1 s]v$ by ab\t #gj it9]ant prea*]s4 ,x 0 a v vital & active memb]%ip1 includ+ a l>ge numb] ( local prea*]s & exhort]s4 ,! societies & classes 7 effectively organiz$ & (fic]$ = aggressive "w2 & !y 7 plant$1 = ! mo/ "p1 9 ! regions mo/ de/itute ( ,*ri/ian in/itutions4 99 99 99 99 99 ,p>allel ) ! c\rse ( ! gospel1 we trace 9 e p]iod ! c\rse ( ^? anti*ri/ian influ5ces ) :i* ! gospel is 9 conflict4 ,! sy/em ( slav]y mu/ cont9ue1 ?r\gh _m sorr[ful ye>s1 to be 9 view f ! l9e ( our /udies4 ,we %all "k x by ! unceas+ prote/ made aga9/ x 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l4 ,! argum5ts ( ,john ,woolman & ,an?ony ,b5ezet 7 su/a9$ by ! ye>ly meet+s ( ! ,fri5ds4 ,at ,newport1 ! *ief c5t] ( ! ,african slave-trade1 ! two ,congregational pa/ors1 ,samuel ,hopk9s1 ! !ologian1 & ! erudite ,ezra ,/iles1 aft]w>d presid5t ( ,yale ,college1 mutually oppos$ 9 !ology & contra/$ at e po9t ( natural "*1 7 at "o 9 boldly oppos+ ! bus9ess by :i* _! p>i%ion]s _h be5 enri*$4#bjd3a ,! deep5+ ( ! conflict = political lib]ty po9t$ ! application ( ! gold5 rule 9 ! case ( ! slaves4 ,! antislav]y lit]ature ( ! p]iod includes a pr9t$ s]mon t _h be5 prea*$ by ! di/+ui%$ ,dr4 ,levi ,h>t to ! corporation ( freem5 ( 8 native t[n ( ,f>m+ton1 ,conn41 at _! autumnal t[n-meet+ 9 #aggd2 & ! poem on ,slav]y1 publi%$ 9 #agge by t f9e "*1 ,a>on ,clevel&1#bjd3b ( ,norwi*1 hatt]1 poet1 legislator1 & m9i/] ( ! gospel4 ,among ! ,presbyt]ians ( ,new ,j]sey1 ! fa!r ( ,dr4 ,a%bel ,gre5 took ! extreme gr\nd :i* 0 tak5 by ,dr4 ,hopk9s's *ur* 9 #aghd1 t no p]son hold+ a slave %\ld be p]mitt$ to rema9 9 ! communion ( ! *ur*4#bjd3c ,9 #aggd ! fir/ society 9 ! _w = ! abolition ( slav]y 0 organiz$ among ! ,fri5ds 9 ,p5nsylvania1 to be foll[$ by o!rs1 mak+ a cont9u\s s]ies ( abolition societies f ,new ,engl& to ,m>yl& & ,virg9ia4 ,b ! great antislav]y society ( ! p]iod 9 "q 0 ! ,me?odi/ ,society4 ,labor+ ?r\gh ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce ma9ly 9 ! ,s\!rn ,/ates1 x publicly decl>$1 9 ! conf]5ce ( #aghj1 t slav]y is contr>y to ! laws ( ,god1 man1 & nature1 & hurtful to society2 contr>y to ! dictates ( consci5ce & pure religion1 & do+ t :i* we w\ld n t o!rs %\ld d to u & ours4 ,! discipl9e ( ! body ( it9]ants 0 conduct$ rigor\sly 9 accordance ) ?is decl>ation4 ,x mu/ n be suppos$ t ! in/ances "h cit$ repres5t exceptions to ! g5]al c\rse ( op9ion 9 ! *ur* ( ^? times4 ,!y are simply expressions ( ! univ]sal judgm5t ( ^? ^: att5tion _h be5 s]i\sly fix$ ^u ! subject4 ,!re appe>s no evid5ce ( ! exi/5ce ( a contr>y s5tim5t4 ,! fir/ beg9n+s ( a p>ty 9 ! *ur* 9 opposition to ! common judgm5t ( ! ,*ri/ian consci5ce on ! subject ( slav]y are to be ref]r$ to a comp>atively v rec5t date4 ,ano!r ( ! great conflicts ( ! mod]n *ur* 0 imp5d+4 ,b x 0 only to prophetic m9ds 9 ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury t x 0 visible 9 ! greatness ( its proportions4 ,! vice ( drunk5ness1 :i* ,isaiah _h d5\nc$ 9 ,sam>ia & ,paul _h d5\nc$ at ,ephesus1 0 gr[+ ins5sibly1 s9ce ! introduction ( di/ill$ liquors z a common bev]age1 to a fatal preval5ce4 ,! tru/ees ( ! *>itable colony ( ,georgia1 consci\sly lay+ ! f\ndations ( _m g5]ations1 endeavor$ to provide = ! welf>e ( ! nasc5t ,/ate by =bidd+ at once ! importation ( negro slaves & ( spiritu\s liquors2 b ! salut>y int]dict 0 soon nullifi$ 9 ! int]e/ ( ! crops & ( ! trade ) ! ,indians4 ,dr4 ,hopk9s inculcat$1 at a v e>ly day1 ! duty ( entire ab/95ce f intoxicat+ liquids z a bev]age4#bjf3a ,b1 z 9 ! conflict ) slav]y1 s 9 ?is conflict1 ! priority ( lead]%ip belongs easily to ,wesley & 8 it9]ants4 ,! conf]5ce ( #aghc decl>$ aga9/ p]mitt+ ! conv]ts to make spiritu\s liquors1 sell & dr9k !m 9 drams1 z wrong 9 its nature & consequ5ces4 ,to ?is c\rse !y 7 committ$ long 9 advance by ! ,g5]al ,rules set =? by ! two ,wesleys 9 ,may1 #agdc1 = ! guidance ( ! ,unit$ ,societies4#bjf3b ,an incid5t ( ! times imm$iately prec$+ ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce requires to be not$ 9 ?is place1 n z be+ ( great importance 9 itself1 b z *>act]i/ic ( ! condition ( ! c\ntry & prophetic ( *anges t 7 ab\t to take place4 ,dur+ ! decade f #agfj to #agge ! national body ( ! ,presbyt]ians--! n[ reunit$ synod ( ,new ,york & ,philadelphia--& ! ,g5]al ,association ( ! ,congregational pa/ors ( ,connecticut met toge!r by _! repres5tatives 9 annual conv5tion to take c\nsel ov] a grave p]il t seem$ to be imp5d+4 ,a petition _h be5 urg5tly press$1 9 behalf ( ! ,am]ican ,episcopalians1 = ! e/abli%m5t ( bi%ops 9 ! colonies "u ! au?ority ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,! reasons = ?is measure 7 obvi\s & weighty2 & ! prote/ations ( ^? :o promot$ x1 t !y s\ght no advantage be=e ! law ov] _! fell[-,*ri/ians1 7 d\btless s9c]e4 ,nev]!less1 ! fe> t ! br++ 9 ( ,*ur* ( ,engl& bi%ops w\ld involve ! br++ 9 ( _m ( ^? mis*iefs ( ! ,engli% *ur* e/abli%m5t :i* nei!r !y nor _! fa!rs _h be5 able to be> 0 a p]fectly reasonable fe> bo? to ! ,puritans ( ,new ,engl& & to ! ,presbyt]ians f ,irel&4 ,x 0 difficult = ^!1 & x w\ld h be5 ev5 m difficult = ! new dignit>ies1 9 colonial days1 to und]/& h[ bi%ops c\ld be any?+ b "l bi%ops4 ,! fe> ( su* results 0 n conf9$ to ecclesia/ics4 ,! movem5t 0 felt by ! colonial /atesm5 to be dang]\sly ak9 to o!r ,briti% encroa*m5ts on colonial rights4 ,! ,massa*usetts ,assembly in/ruct$ its ag5t 9 ,london /r5u\sly to oppose x4 ,9 ,virg9ia1 ! ,episcopalian cl]gy !mselves at fir/ refus$ to concur 9 ! petition = bi%ops2 & :5 at la/ ! concurr5ce 0 vot$1 x 0 9 ! face ( a =mal prote/ ( f\r ( ! cl]gy1 = :i* !y receiv$ a vote ( ?anks f ! ,h\se ( ,burgesses4#bjg3a ,! alliance ?us occasion$ betwe5 ! national synod ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* & ! ,congregationali/ cl]gy ( ! little colony ( ,connecticut seems l a disproportion$ "o4 ,& s x 0 inde$2 = ! ,connecticut ,g5]al ,association 0 by f> ! l>g] & /rong] body ( ! two4 ,by & by ! disproportion 0 inv]t$1 & ! alliance cont9u$1 ) notable results4 ,,footnotes3 #ahb3a ,see ,g4 ,p4 ,fi%]1 ,hi/ory ( ,*ri/ian ,doctr9e1 pp4 #cid-dah2 also ,e4 ,a4 ,p>k 9 ! ,s*aff-,h]zog ,encyclop$ia1 vol4 iii41 pp4 #afcd-ch4 ,! ,new ,engl& !ology is n s call$ z be+ conf9$ to ,new ,engl&4 ,its lead+ improvem5ts on ,calv9ism 7 accept$ by ,&rew ,full] & ,rob]t ,hall among ! ,engli% ,bapti/s1 & by ,*alm]s ( ! ,presbyt]ians ( ,scotl&4 #ahd3a ,( :at sort 0 ! life ( a *ur* & its pa/or 9 ^? days is illu/rat$ 9 extracts f ! j\rnal ( ,samuel ,hopk9s1 ! !ologian1 pa/or at ,great ,b>r+ton1 giv5 9 ! ,memoir by ,pr(essor ,p>k1 pp4 #dj-dc4 ,! ,sabba? wor%ip 0 di/urb$ by ! arrival ( w>like news4 ,! pa/or & ! families ( 8 flock 7 driv5 f _! homes to take refuge 9 blockh\ses cr[d$ ) fugitives4 ,he 0 gone ne>ly ?ree mon?s ( fall & w9t] ) a sc\t+ p>ty ( a hundr$ :ites & n9ete5 ,indians 9 ! woods4 ,he s5t (f ! fight+ m5 ( 8 t[n ) s]mon & b5$iction on an exp$ition to ,canada4 ,dur+ ! second w> he writes to 8 fri5d ,bellamy 7#aged7 ( a dreadful rumor t good ,mr4 ,edw>ds _h p]i%$ 9 a massacre at ,/ockbridge4 ,?is rumor 0 false1 b he adds3 ,on ! ,"l's day ,p4,m41 z ,i 0 read+ ! psalm1 news came t ,/ockbridge 0 beset by an army ( ,indians1 & on fire1 :i* broke up ! assembly 9 an in/ant4 ,all 7 put into ! utmo/ con/]nation--m51 wom51 & *ildr5 cry+1 ',:at %all we d8' ,n a gun to def5d u1 n a =t to flee to1 & few guns & little ammunition 9 ! place4 ,"s ran "o way & "s ano!r2 b ! g5]al c\rse 0 to ! s\?w>d1 especially = wom5 & *ildr54 ,wom51 *ildr51 & squaws pres5tly flock$ 9 ^u u f ,/ockbridge1 half nak$ & fright$ almo/ to dea?2 & fre% news came t ! enemy 7 on ! pla9s ?is side ,/ockbridge1 %oot+ & kill+ & scalp+ p z !y fl$4 ,"s pres5tly came along bloody1 ) news t !y saw p]sons kill$ & scalp$1 :i* rais$ a con/]nation1 tumult1 & di/ress inexpressible4 #ahh3a ,jacobs1 ,! ,lu!rans1 pp4 #aia1 #bcd2 ,dubbs1 ,g]man ,re=m$ ,*ur*1 p4 #bga4 #ahh3b ,see extracts f ! correspond5ce giv5 by ,dr4 ,jacobs1 pp4 #aic-aie4 ,dr4 ,jacobs's sugge/ion t ?ree congregations ( five hundr$ families ea* might among !m h rais$ ! few hundr$s a ye> requir$ seems reasonable1 unless a l>ge numb] ( ^! 7 families ( r$emption]s1 t is1 = ! "t1 slaves4 #aij3a ,jacobs1 ,! ,lu!rans1 p4 #aif4 ,! /ory ( ,z9z5dorf1 z se5 f diff]5t po9ts ( view1 may be /udi$ 9 ! volumes ( ,drs4 ,jacobs1 ,dubbs1 & ,hamilton 7,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies74 #aia3a ,acrelius1 quot$ by ,jacobs1 p4 #bah1 note4 #aid3a ,jacobs1 ,! ,lu!rans1 pp4 #bae-bah2 ,hamilton1 ,! ,moravians1 *aps1 iii4-viii41 xi4 #aif3a ,jacobs1 ,! ,lu!rans1 p4 #bhi4 #aih3a ,jacobs1 pp4 #bbg1 #cji1 sqq42 ,hamilton1 p4 #deg4 ,no acc\nt ( ! ,g]man-,am]ican *ur*es is adequate :i* does n g back to ! "w ( ,sp5]1 ! influ5ce ( :i* 0 felt ?r\gh !m all4 ,! au?or is compell$ to cont5t himself ) inadequate "w on _m topics4 #bja3a ,dr4 ,j4 ,m4 ,buckley1 ,! ,me?odi/s1 p4 #aha4 #bjb3a ,! attitude ( ,wesley t[>d ! ,am]ican cause is set =? ) judicial fairness by ,dr4 ,buckley1 pp4 #aeh-afh4 #bjd3a ,a full acc\nt ( ,hopk9s's long-su/a9$ activity aga9/ bo? slav]y & ! slave-trade is giv5 9 ,p>k's ,memoir ( ,hopk9s1 pp4 #aad-aeg4 ,8 s]mons on ! subject began 9 #aggj4 ,8 monum5tal ,dialogue ,conc]n+ ! ,slav]y ( ! ,africans1 ) an ,address to ,slave-hold]s1 0 publi%$ 9 #aggf4 ,= additional in=mation z to ! antislav]y attitude ( ! *ur* at ?is p]iod1 & especially t ( ,/iles1 see review ( ,! ,m9i/]'s ,woo+1 by ,l4 ,bacon 7,new ,engl&]1 vol4 xviii41 p4 #ade74 #bjd3b ,i h n be5 able to f9d a copy ( ?is poem1 ! "* ( :i*1 h[ev]1 is well kn[n4 ,! son ( ,a>on ,clevel&1 ,william1 0 a silv]smi? at ,norwi*1 among ^: gr&sons may be nam$ ,presid5t ,grov] ,clevel&1 & ,a>on ,clevel& ,cox1 lat] kn[n z ,bi%op ,ar?ur ,clevel& ,coxe4 #bjd3c ,dr4 ,a4 ,gre5's ,life ( 8 fa!r1 9 ,mon?ly ,*ri/ian ,advocate4 #bjf3a ,p>k1 ,memoir ( ,hopk9s1 p4 #aab4 #bjf3b ,buckley1 ,! ,me?odi/s1 ,app5dix1 pp4 #fhh1 #fhi4 #bjg3a ,see ,tiffany1 ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 pp4 #bfg-bgh1 :]e ! subject is treat$ fully & ) *>act]i/ic fairness4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,recon/ruction4 ,sev5 ye>s ( w> left ! ,am]ican p exhau/$1 impov]i%$1 disorganiz$1 consci\s ( hav+ come into possession ( a national exi/5ce1 & /irr$ ) anxi\s se>*+s ( he>t ov] ! "q :at new in/itutions %\ld succe$ to ^? ov]?r[n 9 ! /ruggle = indep5d5ce4 ,l que/ions p]vad$ ! commonweal? ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ians ?r\gh all its divisions4 ,! int]confessional divisions ( ! body ecclesia/ic 7 ab\t to prove !mselves a m effectual b> to union ?an ! political & t]ritorial divisions ( ! body politic4 ,! religi\s divisions 7 ne>ly equal 9 numb] to ! political4 ,nam+ !m 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y _h settl$ !mselves on ! soil ( ! new nation1 !y 7 z foll[s3 #a4 ,! ,prote/ant ,episcopalians2 #b4 ,! ,re=m$ ,dut*2 #c4 ,! ,congregationali/s2 #d4 ,! ,roman ,ca?olics2 #e4 ,! ,fri5ds2 #f4 ,! ,bapti/s2 #g4 ,! ,presbyt]ians2 #h4 ,! ,me?odi/s2 to :i* mu/ be add$ ?ree sects :i* up to ?is "t _h almo/ exclusively to d ) ! ,g]man language & ! ,g]man immigrant population1 to wit1 #i4 ,! ,g]man ,re=m$2 #aj4 ,! ,lu!rans2 #aa4 ,! ,moravians4 ,"s ( ^!1 z ! ,congregationali/s & ! ,bapti/s1 7 ( s simple & ela/ic a polity1 s self-adaptive to :atev] new environm5t1 z to require no ef=t to adju/ !mselves4 ,o!rs1 z ! ,dut* & ! ,presbyt]ians1 _h already organiz$ !mselves z indep5d5t ( =eign spiritual jurisdiction4 ,o!rs /ill1 z ! ,g]man ,re=m$1 ! ,moravians1 & ! ,quak]s1 7 cont5t to rema9 = ye>s to come 9 a relation ( subord9ation to =eign c5t]s ( organization4 ,b !re 7 ?ree communions1 ( great prospective importance1 :i* f\nd x necess>y to address !mselves to ! task ( reorganization to suit ! *ang$ political conditions4 ,^! 7 ! ,episcopalians1 ! ,ca?olics1 & ! ,me?odi/s4 ,9 "o respect all ! v>i\s ord]s ( *ur*es 7 alike4 ,!y _h all suff]$ f ! wa/e & damage ( w>4 ,pa/ors & mission>ies _h be5 driv5 f _! cures1 congregations _h be5 scatt]$1 h\ses ( wor%ip _h be5 desecrat$ or de/roy$4 ,! ,episcopalian & ,me?odi/ m9i/]s 7 g5]ally ,tories1 & _! *ur*es1 & 9 "s in/ances _! p]sons1 7 n sp>$ by ! patriots4 ,! ,fri5ds & ! ,moravians1 pr9cipl$ aga9/ tak+ active "p 9 w>f>e1 7 expos$ to aggressions f bo? sides4 ,all o!r sects 7 safely presum$ to be 9 e>ne/ sympa?y ) ! cause ( indep5d5ce1 :i* _m ( _! pa/ors actively s]v$ z *apla9s or z combatants1 or 9 o!r ways2 :]ev] ! ,briti% troops held ! gr\nd1 _! *ur*es 7 ! object ( spite4 ,nor 7 ^! ! *ief losses by ! w>4 ,m griev\s /ill 7 ! dea? ( ! /rong m5 & ! "y m5 ( ! *ur*es1 ! demoralization ( camp life1 &1 z ! w> advanc$1 ! infection ( ! curr5t fa%ions ( unbelief f ! (fic]s bo? ( ! ,fr5* & ( ! ,briti% armies4 ,! preval5t dia!sis ( ! ,am]ican *ur* 9 all its sects 0 "o ( spiritual torpor1 f :i*1 h[ev]1 x soon began to be ar\s$ z ! grave exig5cies ( ! situation disclos$ !mselves4 ,p]haps no "o ( ! ,*ri/ian organizations ( ,am]ica came out ( ! w> 9 a m =lorn condition ?an ! ,episcopalians4 ,?is condition 0 ?us describ$ by ,bi%op ,:ite1 9 an (ficial *>ge to 8 cl]gy at ,philadelphia 9 #ahcb3 ,! congregations ( our communion ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7 approa*+ annihilation4 ,al?\gh )9 ?is city ?ree ,episcopal cl]gym5 7 resid5t & (ficiat+1 ! *ur*es ov] ! re/ ( ! ,/ate _h become depriv$ ( _! cl]gy dur+ ! w>1 ei!r by dea? or by dep>ture = ,engl&4 ,9 ! ,ea/]n ,/ates1 ) two or ?ree exceptions1 !re 0 a cessation ( ! ex]cises ( ! pulpit1 ow+ to ! necess>y disuse ( ! pray]s = ! =m] civil rul]s4 ,9 ,m>yl& & ,virg9ia1 :]e ! *ur* _h enjoy$ civil e/abli%m5ts1 on ! ceas+ ( ^!1 ! incumb5ts ( ! p>i%es1 almo/ )\t exception1 ceas$ to (ficiate4 ,f>!r s\? ! condition ( ! *ur* 0 n bett]1 to say ! lea/4#baj3a ,?is extreme feebl5ess ( ,episcopalianism 9 ! sev]al ,/ates conspir$ ) ! t5d5cies ( ! "t 9 civil affairs to induce ^u ! new organization a "* n at all con=m$ to ! ideal ( episcopal gov]nm5t4 ,in/ead ( e/abli%+ z ! unit ( organization ! bi%op 9 e pr9cipal t[n1 gov]n+ 8 diocese at ! head ( 8 cl]gy ) "s measure ( au?ority1 x 0 almo/ a necessity ( ! "t to con/itute dioceses z big z k+doms1 & !n to take security aga9/ excess ( p[] 9 ! diocesan by ov]slaugh+ 8 au?ority ?r\gh exorbitant p[]s conf]r$ ^u a p]iodical mix$ synod1 legislat+ = a :ole cont95t1 ev5 9 matt]s confess$ly v>iable & uness5tial4 ,9 ! lat] evolution ( ! sy/em1 ?is sup]ior limitation ( ! bi%op's p[]s is supplem5t$ f bel[ by magnify+ ! au?ority ( repres5tative bodies1 diocesan & p>o*ial1 until ! "w ( ! bi%op is r$uc$ z ne>ly z possible to ! m]ely m9i/]ial p]=mance ( c]ta9 assign$ functions accord+ to prescrib$ directions4 ,conc]n+ ?is frame ( gov]nm5t x is to be rem>k$3 #a4 ,t x 0 q consci\sly & confess$ly devis$ = ! gov]nm5t ( a sect1 ) ! full & frat]nal und]/&+ t o!r religi\s d5om9ations ( ,*ri/ians 7to use ! favorite ,am]ican euphemism7 7 left at full & equal lib]ty to model & organize _! respective *ur*es to suit !mselves4#baa3a #b4 ,t1 judg$ accord+ to its pr(ess$ purpose1 x has prov$ itself a practically good & effective gov]nm5t4 #c4 ,t x is 9 no prop] s5se ( ! ^w an episcopal gov]nm5t1 b r a classical & synodical gov]nm5t1 accord+ to ! common type ( ! ,am]ican *ur* con/itutions ( ! p]iod4#baa3b ,! objections :i* only a few ye>s be=e _h )/ood ! importation into ! colonies ( "l bi%ops1 ) ! ,engli% common & canon law at _! backs1 vani%$ entirely be=e ! proposal = ! h>mless function>ies provid$ = 9 ! new con/itution4 ,john ,adams himself1 a lead] ( ! =m] opposition1 n[1 z ,am]ican m9i/] 9 ,london1 did 8 be/ to secure = ,bi%ops-elect ,:ite & ,provoo/ ! covet$ consecration f ,engli% bi%ops4 ,! only h9drance n[ to ?is long-desir$ boon 0 9 ! sup]cili\s dilator9ess ( ! ,engli% prelates & ( ! civil au?orities to :om !y 7 subord9ate4 ,!y 7 evid5tly 9 a sulky temp] ov] ! ov]:elm+ defeat ( ! ,briti% arms4 ,if x _h be5 9 _! p[] to blockade effectively ! *annels ( sacram5tal grace1 !re is no sign t !y w\ld h cons5t$ to ! ,am]ican petition4 ,happily !re 7 o!r c\rses op54 #a4 ,!re 0 ! rec\rse to presbyt]ial ord9ation1 an exp$i5t sanction$1 :5 necess>y1 by ! au?ority ( ! judici\s ,hook]1 & actually recomm5d$1 if ! case %\ld require1 by ! ,rev4 ,william ,:ite1 soon to be consecrat$ z "o ( ! fir/ ,am]ican bi%ops4 #b4 ,already = m ?an a half-c5tury ! ,moravian episcopate _h be5 pres5t & mo/ apo/olically active 9 ,am]ica4 #c4 ,! ,lu!ran ,episcopal *ur*es ( ,d5m>k & ,sw$5 7 fully compet5t & kn[n to be n unwill+ to conf] ! episcopal succession on ! ,am]ican c&idates4 #d4 ,!re 7 ! ,scot* nonjur+ bi%ops1 outlaw$ = political reasons f communion ) ! ,engli% *ur*1 :o 7 t5d+ _! p]secut$ remnant ( a flock 9 ,scotl&4 ,!irs 0 a n less valid succession ?an ^? ( _! bett]-provid$ ,engli% bre?r51 & fully z honorable a hi/ory4 ,x 0 due to ! sep>ate initiative ( ! ,episcopalian m9i/]s ( ,connecticut1 & to ! p]si/5ce ( _! bi%op-elect1 ,samuel ,seabury1 t ! deadlock impos$ by ! ,engli%m5 0 brok54 ,inh]it+ ! ,puritan _s1 :i* s\ght a jus div9um 9 all *ur* que/ions1 !y 7 m5 ( deep] convictions & high] pr9ciples ?an _! m s\!rn bre?r54 ,9 advance ( ! plans = national organization1 )\t conf]r+ ) fle% & blood1 !y _h met & act$1 & _! c&idate = consecration 0 9 ,london urg+ 8 claims1 be=e ! m9i/]s 9 ! ,middle ,/ates _h any k ( :at 0 do+4 ,aft] a ye> ( co/ly & vexati\s delay 9 ,london1 f9d+ no progress made & no hope ( any1 he proce$$ to ,ab]de5 & 0 consecrat$ bi%op ,novemb] #ad1 #aghd4 ,x 0 m ?an two ye>s long] be=e ! ,engli% bi%ops succe$$ 9 f9d+ a way to d :at _! unrecogniz$ ,scot* bre?r5 _h done ) small demur4 ,b !y did f9d x4 ,s long z ! ,am]icans seem$ dep5d5t on ,engli% consecration !y c\ld n get x4 ,:5 at la/ x 0 made q pla9 t !y c\ld & w\ld d )\t x if necess>y1 !y 7 m ?an welcome to x4 ,dr4 ,:ite = ,p5nsylvania1 & ,dr4 ,provoo/ = ,new ,york1 7 consecrat$ by ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury at ! *apel ( ,lambe? ,palace1 ,febru>y #d1 #aghg4 ,dr4 ,griffi?1 elect$ = ,virg9ia1 fail$ to be pres5t2 9 all t great diocese !re 0 n int]e/ en\gh felt 9 ! matt] to raise ! money to pay 8 passage to ,engl& & back4 ,! ,am]ican ,episcopal ,*ur* 0 at la/ 9 a condition to live4 ,"s =midable dang]s ( division aris+ f ! d\ble d]ivation ( ! episcopate 7 happily av]t$ by ! tact & /atesman%ip ( ,bi%op ,:ite1 & liturgical *anges incid5tal to ! recon/itution ( ! *ur* 7 made1 on ! :ole ) cauti\s judgm5t & good ta/e1 & successfully introduc$4 ,b = _m ye>s ! *ur* liv$ only a langui%+ life4 ,bi%op ,provoo/ ( ,new ,york1 aft] f\rte5 ye>s ( s]vice1 demitt$ 8 functions 9 #ahja1 disc\rag$ ab\t ! cont9uance ( ! *ur*4 ,he ?\ght x w\ld die out ) ! old colonial families4#bac3a ,! l>ge prosp]ity ( ?is *ur* dates only f ! second decade ( ?is c5tury4 ,x is ! m notable = ! brief "t 9 :i* s mu* has be5 accompli%$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! difficulties 9 ! way ( ! organization ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* = ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7 n less s]i\s1 & 7 ov]come ) equal success1 b n )\t a prolong$ /ruggle aga9/ opposition f )94 ,x is n easy = u1 9 view ei!r ( ! antec$5t or ( ! subsequ5t hi/ory1 to realize ! extreme feebl5ess ( ,am]ican ,ca?olicism at ! bir? ( our nation4 ,accord+ to an (ficial ,relation on ! ,/ate ( ,religion 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 pres5t$ by ! prefect apo/olic 9 #aghe1 ! total numb] ( ,ca?olics 9 ! entire ,union 0 #ah1bjj1 exclusive ( an unasc]ta9able numb]1 de/itute ( prie/s1 9 ! ,mississippi ,valley4 ,! entire numb] ( ! cl]gy 0 tw5ty-f\r1 mo/ ( !m =m] memb]s ( ! ,society ( ,jesuits1 t _h be5 suppress$ 9 #aggc by ! fam\s bull1 ,dom9us ac ,r$emptor1 ( ,clem5t ,,xiv4 ,sorely aga9/ _! w1 ^! mission>ies1 hi!rto subject only to ! discipl9e ( _! own society1 7 trans=m$ into secul> prie/s1 "u ! jurisdiction ( ! ,vic> ,apo/olic ( ,london4 ,aft] ! e/abli%m5t ( indep5d5ce1 ) ! int5se jeal\sy felt reg>d+ ,briti% influ5ce1 & by none m deeply & m reasonably felt ?an by ! ,ca?olics1 ?is jurisdiction 0 impracticable4 ,! provid5tially fit man = ! em]g5cy 0 f\nd 9 ! ,rev4 ,john ,c>roll1 ( an old ,m>yl& family di/+ui%$ alike = patriotism & = fai?fulness to ,ca?olic pr9ciples4 ,9 ,june1 #aghd1 he 0 made prefect apo/olic ov] ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ! dep5d5ce on ,briti% jurisdiction 0 t]m9at$4 ,:51 h[ev]1 x 0 propos$ t ?is provisional arrangem5t %\ld be sup]s$$ by ! appo9tm5t ( a bi%op1 objections n unexpect$ 7 enc\nt]$ f among ! cl]gy4 ,already we h _h occasion to note ! jeal\sy ( episcopal au?ority t is felt by ! cl]gy ( ! regul> ord]s4 ,! lately disb&$ ,jesuits1 ) *>act]i/ic flexibility ( self-adaptation to circum/ances1 _h at once re9corporat$ !mselves "u ano!r "n1 ?us to hold ! n inconsid]able e/ates ( _! ord] 9 ! ,/ate ( ,m>yl&4 ,b ! plans ( ^! en]getic m5 ei!r to control ! bi%op or to prev5t 8 appo9tm5t 7 unsuccessful4 ,9 ,decemb]1 #agij1 ,bi%op ,c>roll1 hav+ be5 consecrat$ 9 ,engl&1 arriv$ & ent]$ ^u 8 see ( ,baltimore4 ,difficulties1 ?r\gh :i* !re 7 n _m prec$5ts to guide him1 ?ick5$ ab\t ! pa? ( ! new prelate4 ,x 0 well bo? = ! *ur* & = ! republic t he 0 a man n only v]s$ 9 ! !ology & polity ( 8 *ur*1 b imbu$ ) ,am]ican pr9ciples & feel+s4 ,! fir/ conflict t vex$ ! *ur* "u 8 adm9i/ration1 & :i* = fifty ye>s cont9u$ to vex 8 associates & successors1 0 a collision betwe5 ! ,am]ican s5tim5t = local & individual lib]ty & self-gov]nm5t1 & ! absoluti/ spiritual gov]nm5t ( ,rome4 ,! ,ca?olics ( ,new ,york1 includ+ ^? ( ! ,spani% & ,fr5* legations1 _h built a *ur* 9 ,b>clay ,/reet1 !n on ! nor!rn outskirt ( ! city2 & !y _h ! v natural & j feel+ t !y _h a "r to d :at !y w\ld ) _! own & ) ! build+ erect$ at _! *>ges4 ,!y proce$$ accord+ly to put 9 *>ge ( x prie/s ( _! own selection4 ,b !y _h lo/ sight ( ! c\nt]vail+ pr9ciple t if !y _h a "r to d z !y w\ld ) _! build+1 ! bi%op1 z repres5t+ ! supreme au?ority 9 ! *ur*1 _h a l "r to d z he w\ld ) 8 cl]gy4 ,! build+ 0 !irs2 b x 0 = ! bi%op to say :at s]vices %\ld be held 9 x1 or :e!r !re %\ld be any s]vices 9 x at all1 9 ! ,roman ,ca?olic communion4 ,x is surpris+ h[ (t5 ?is issue 0 made1 & h[ repeat$ly & ob/9ately x 0 f\ght out 9 v>i\s places1 :5 ! f9al result 0 s inevitable4 ,! hi]>*ical p[] prevail$1 ( c\rse1 b aft] mu* irritation betwe5 prie/hood & p1 & great loss ( s\ls to ! *ur*4#baf3a ,am]ican ideas & me?ods 7 de/9$ pr(\ndly & b5eficially to affect ! ,roman ,*ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b n by ! revolution>y process ( e/abli%+ tru/eeism1 or ! lay control ( p>i%es4 ,! damag+ results ( su* disputes to bo? p>ties & to _! common int]e/ 9 ! *ur* put ! two p>ties "u heavy bonds to deal by ea* o!r ) mutual consid]ation4 ,! t5d5cy1 z 9 "s p>allel cases1 is t[>d an absolute gov]nm5t adm9i/]$ on republican pr9ciples1 ! au?oritative comm& be+ giv5 ) cauti\s consid]ation ( ! disposition ( ! subject4 ,! rights ( ! laity are suffici5tly secur$1 fir/1 by _! hold+ ! purse1 &1 secondly1 9 a community 9 :i* ! ,roman is only "o ( _m *ur*es held 9 l e/eem & mak+ l claims to div9e au?ority1 by _! hold+ 9 res]ve ! "r ( )drawal4 ,o!r & unwont$ difficulties = ! "y *ur* lay 9 ! ,babel confusion ( races & languages among its disciples1 & 9 ! lack ( public res\rces1 :i* c\ld be suppli$ no o!rwise ?an by free gift4 ,yet ano!r difficulty 0 ! scant supply ( cl]gy2 b ev5ts :i* ab\t ?is "t began to spread desolation among ! in/itutions ( ,ca?olic ,europe prov$ to be ( ine/imable b5efit to ! ill-provid$ ,ca?olics ( ,am]ica4 ,rome might almo/ h be5 cont5t to see ! wa/+ & de/ruction 9 h] anci5t /rongholds1 = ! opportune re9=cem5t :i* x br\ght1 at a critical "t1 to ! r5asc5t *ur* 9 ! ,new ,_w4 ,m important ?an ! prie/s ( v>i\s ord]s & div]s languages1 :o came all equipp$ = mission "w among immigrants ( diff]5t nationalities1 0 ! arrival ( ! ,sulpitians ( ,p>is1 flee+ f ! p]secutions ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 ready = _! special "w ( tra9+ = ! p>i% prie/hood4 ,! f\nd+ ( _! sem9>y 9 ,baltimore 9 #agia1 = ! tra9+ ( a native cl]gy1 0 ! be/ security t _h yet be5 giv5 = ! p]man5ce ( ! ,ca?olic revival4 ,! ,am]ican ,ca?olic ,*ur* 0 a small affair z yet1 & = tw5ty ye>s to come 0 to cont9ue s2 b ! framework 0 prep>+ ( an organization suffici5t = ! days ( great ?+s t 7 be=e x4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! mo/ revolution>y *ange suff]$ by any religi\s body 9 ,am]ica1 9 adju/+ itself to ! *ang$ conditions aft] ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce1 0 t suff]$ by ! late/ arriv$ & mo/ rapidly gr[+ ( !m all4 ,we h se5 ! ord] ( ! ,wesleyan prea*]s com+ s t>dily across ! ocean1 & propagat$ ) con/antly increas+ mom5tum s\?w>d f ! bord] ( ,m>yl&4 ,its congregations 7 n a *ur*2 its prea*]s 7 n a cl]gy4 ,in/itut$ 9 ,engl& by a n>r[1 ,high-*ur* cl]gyman ( ! e/abli%$ *ur*1 its prea*]s 7 simply a company ( lay mission>ies "u ! comm& ( ,john ,wesley2 its adh]5ts 7 memb]s ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 b\nd to special fidelity to _! duties z su* 9 _! sev]al p>i% *ur*es1 b unit$ 9 clubs & classes = ! mutual promotion ( holy liv+ 9 an unholy age2 & its *apels & o!r prop]ty1 fruits ( ! self-d5ial ( _m poor1 7 held "u iron-b\nd title-de$s1 subject to ! control ( ,john ,wesley & ( ! close corporation ( prea*]s to :om he %\ld demit !m4 ,x seems h>dly wor?y ( ! imm5se practical sagacity ( ,wesley t he %\ld h ?\ght to transplant ?is sy/em un*ang$ into ! mid/ ( circum/ances s widely diff]5t z ^? :i* mu/ surr\nd x 9 ,am]ica4 ,& yet ev5 "h1 :]e ! be/ "w ( 8 prea*]s 0 to be done among populations n only *ur*less1 b out ( rea* ( *ur* or m9i/ry ( :atev] "n1 9 ^? ,s\!rn ,/ates 9 :i* n9e t5?s ( 8 p5it5ts & conv]ts 7 ga9$1 8 prea*]s 7 w>n$ aga9/ ! sacrilege ( m9i/]+ to ! crav+ conv]ts ! ,*ri/ian ord9ances ( baptism & ! holy supp]1 & bidd5 to s5d !m to _! own *ur*es--:5 !y _h none4 ,! wret*$ incumb5ts ( ! ,/ate p>i%es at ! fir/ s\nds ( w> _h scamp]$ f ! field l hirel+s ^: own ! %eep are n1 & ! dem& t ! prea*]s ( ! ^w %\ld also m9i/] ! com=t ( ! ,*ri/ian ord9ances became too /rong to be resi/$4 ,! call ( duty & necessity seem$ to ! prea*]s ga!r$ at a conf]5ce at ,fluvanna 9 #aggi to be a call f ,god2 &1 contr>y to ! /rong objections ( ,wesley & ,asbury1 !y *ose f ! old] ( _! own numb] a committee :o orda9$ !mselves1 & proce$$ to orda9 & set ap>t o!r m9i/]s = ! same purpose--t !y might m9i/] ! holy ord9ances to ! *ur* ( ,*ri/4#bah3a ,! /ep 0 a bold "o1 & al?\gh x seem$ to be att5d$ by happy spiritual results1 x ?reat5$ to precipitate a division ( ! ,society into two factions4 ,! progress ( ev5ts1 ! e/abli%m5t & ackn[l$gm5t ( ,am]ican indep5d5ce1 & ! con/ant expansion ( ! ,me?odi/ "w1 br\ght its own solution ( ! divisive que/ions4 ,x 0 an important day 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican *ur*1 t second day ( ,septemb]1 #aghd1 :5 ,john ,wesley1 assi/$ by o!r presbyt]s ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 laid 8 h&s 9 b5$iction ^u ! head ( ,dr4 ,?omas ,coke1 & committ$ to him ! sup]9t5d5cy ( ! ,me?odi/ "w 9 ,am]ica1 z colleague ) ,francis ,asbury4 ,on ! arrival ( ,coke 9 ,am]ica1 ! prea*]s 7 ha/ily summon$ toge!r 9 conf]5ce at ,baltimore1 & !re1 9 ,*ri/mas week ( ! same ye>1 ,asbury 0 orda9$ successively z deacon1 z eld]1 & z sup]9t5d5t4 ,by ! two bi%ops ?us con/itut$ 7 orda9$ eld]s & deacons1 & ,me?odism became a liv+ *ur*4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! two decades f ! close ( ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce include ! p]iod ( ! l[e/ ebb-tide ( vitality 9 ! hi/ory ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity4 ,! _s ( half-belief or unbelief t prevail$ on ! o!r side ( ! sea1 bo? 9 ! *ur* & out ( x1 0 manife/ also "h4 ,happily ! tide ( =eign immigration at ?is "t 0 /ay$1 & ! *ur* _h opportunity to ga!r /r5g? = ! imm5se task t 0 pres5tly to be devolv$ ^u x4 ,b ! we/w>d movem5t ( our own population 0 n[ beg9n+ to p\r d[n ! we/]n slope ( ! ,alleghanies into ! great ,mississippi bas94 ,x 0 obs]v$ by ! ,me?odi/ prea*]s t ! memb]s ( _! societies :o _h1 ?r\gh fe>1 necessity1 or *oice1 mov$ into ! back settlem5ts & into new p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 z soon z peace 0 settl$ & ! way 0 op5 solicit$ ! prea*]s to come among !m1 & s ! "w foll[$ !m to ! we/4#bai3a ,9 ! ye>s #agia-ahaj occurr$ ! great movem5t ( population f ,virg9ia to ,k5tucky & f ,c>ol9a to ,t5nessee4 ,x 0 reckon$ t "o f\r? ( ! ,bapti/s ( ,virg9ia _h remov$ to ,k5tucky1 & yet !y h>dly leav5$ ! lump ( e>ly fronti] b>b>ism4 ,! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 work+ 9 its favorite me?ods1 devis$ campaigns ( home mission>y ent]prise 9 its presbyt]ies & synods1 detail+ pa/ors f _! p>i%es = tempor>y mission s]vice 9 foll[+ ! movem5t ( ! ,scot*-,iri% migration into ! hill-c\ntry 9 :i* x seem$ to f9d its cong5ial habitat1 & f :i* its p[]ful influ5ces 7 to fl[ 9 all directions4 ,! ,congregationali/s ( ,new ,engl& 9 l mann] foll[$ ) ,*ri/ian tea*+ & pa/oral c>e _! sons mov+ we/w>d to occupy ! ri* l&s ( we/]n ,new ,york & ( ,ohio4 ,! ,g5]al ,association ( ! pa/ors ( ,connecticut1 solicit\s t ! "w ( missions to ! fronti] %\ld be c>ri$ =w>d )\t loss ( p[] ?r\gh division ( =ces1 ent]$1 9 #ahja1 into ! compact ) ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,presbyt]ians kn[n z ! ,plan ( ,union1 by :i* ,*ri/ians ( bo? polities might cooep]ate 9 ! f\nd+ ( *ur*es & 9 ma9ta9+ ! "w ( ! gospel4 ,9 ! ye> #ahjc ! mo/ important political ev5t s9ce ! adoption ( ! ,con/itution1 ! pur*ase ( ,l\isiana by ,presid5t ,jeff]son1 op5$ to ! ,am]ican *ur* a new & imm5se field = mission>y activity4 ,?is va/ t]ritory1 /ret*+ f ! ,mississippi we/w>d to ! summits ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s & ne>ly d\bl+ ! doma9 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 0 ! la/ rema9d] ( ! great project$ ,fr5* ,ca?olic empire t _h fall5 9 #agfc4 ,pass$ back & =? ) ! vicissitudes ( ,european politics betwe5 ,fr5* & ,spani% ma/]s1 x _h made small progress 9 ei!r civilization or ,*ri/ianity4 ,b ! imm5se possibilities ( x to ! k+doms ( ?is _w & to ! k+dom ( heav5 7 obvi\s to e intellig5t m9d4 ,n _m ye>s 7 to pass be=e x 0 to become an ar5a 9 :i* all ! v>i\s =ces ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity 7 to be f\nd cont5d+ aga9/ all ! p[]s ( d>kness1 n )\t deal+ "s mutual bl[s 9 ! melley4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! review ( ?is p]iod mu/ n close )\t adv]t+ to two important advances 9 public practical ,*ri/ianity1 9 :i* 7z (t5 9 l cases7 ! e>ne/ endeavors ( "s among ! ,*ri/ians h be5 behold5 = success to uncong5ial re9=cem5ts4 ,z x is writt51 ,! e>? help$ ! woman4 ,9 ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,am]ican pr9ciple ( ! non-int]f]5ce ( ! /ate ) religion1 & ! equality ( all religi\s communions be=e ! law1 mu* 0 due1 no d\bt1 to ! mutual jeal\sies ( ! sects1 no "o or two ( :i* 7 /rong en\gh to ma9ta9 exceptional pret5sions ov] ! re/ comb9$4 ,mu* also is to be imput$ to ! indiff]5tism & sometimes ! anti-religi\s s5tim5t ( an important & num]\s class ( doctr9aire politicians ( :i* ,jeff]son may be tak5 z a type4 ,s f> z ?is "w 0 a "w ( intellig5t conviction & religi\s fai?1 ! *ief honor ( x mu/ be giv5 to ! ,bapti/s4 ,o!r sects1 notably ! ,presbyt]ians1 _h be5 en]getic & effici5t 9 dem&+ _! own lib]ties2 ! ,fri5ds & ! ,bapti/s agre$ 9 dem&+ lib]ty ( consci5ce & wor%ip1 & equality be=e ! law1 = all alike4 ,b ! active labor 9 ?is cause 0 ma9ly done by ! ,bapti/s4 ,x is to _! consi/5cy & con/ancy 9 ! w>f>e aga9/ ! privileges ( ! p[]ful ,/&+ ,ord] ( ,new ,engl&1 & ( ! moribund e/abli%m5ts ( ! ,s\?1 t we are *iefly indebt$ = ! f9al triumph1 9 ?is c\ntry1 ( t pr9ciple ( ! sep>ation ( *ur* f /ate :i* is "o ( ! l>ge/ contributions ( ! ,new ,_w to civilization & to ! *ur* univ]sal4 ,x is n surpris+ t a p s e>ne/ z ! ,bapti/s %[$ !mselves 9 ! promotion ( religi\s lib]ty %\ld be =w>d 9 ! condemnation ( ,am]ican slav]y4 ,we h already se5 ! vigor ) :i* ! ,me?odi/s1 hav+ all _! /r5g? at ! ,s\?1 levi$ a spiritual w>f>e aga9/ ?is great wrong4 ,x 0 at ! ,s\? t ! ,bapti/s1 9 #aghi1 ,resolv$1 ,t slav]y is a viol5t deprivation ( ! rights ( nature1 & inconsi/5t ) a republican gov]nm5t1 & we !re=e recomm5d x to our bre?r5 to make use ( e legal measure to extirpate ?is horrid evil f ! l&4#bbb3a ,at ! ,nor?1 ,jona?an ,edw>ds ! ,y\ng] is conspicu\s 9 ! unbrok5 succession ( antislav]y *ur*m54 ,8 s]mon on ! ,inju/ice & ,impolicy ( ! ,slave-trade1 prea*$ 9 #agia be=e ! ,connecticut ,abolition ,society1 ( :i* ,presid5t ,ezra ,/iles 0 ! head1 long cont9u$ to be repr9t$ & circulat$1 bo? at ! ,nor? & at ! ,s\?1 z ! mo/ effective argum5t n only aga9/ ! slave-trade1 b aga9/ ! :ole sy/em ( slav]y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x w n be intrud+ ne$lessly ^u ! difficult field ( dogmatic hi/ory if we note "h ! widely important div]sities ( ,*ri/ian tea*+ t belong to ?is :i* we may call ! sub-,revolution>y p]iod4 ,x is 9 contradiction to our mod]n association ( ideas to read t ! prevail+ type ( doctr9e among ! e>ly ,bapti/s ( ,new ,engl& 0 ,arm9ian4#bbb3b ,! pron\nc$ individualism ( ! ,bapti/ *ur*es1 & ! emphasis :i* !y place ^u human responsibility1 might naturally h creat$ a t5d5cy 9 ?is direction2 b a cause n less obvi\s 0 _! antagonism to ! e/abli%$ ,congregationalism1 ) its %>ply def9$ ,calv9i/ic /atem5ts4 ,! public *all5g+ ( ^! /atem5ts made a favorite issue on :i* to appeal to ! p f _! con/itut$ tea*]s4 ,b :5 ! ,s\? & ,s\?we/ op5$ itself z ! field ( a wond]fully rapid expansion be=e ! feet ( ! ,bapti/ evangeli/s1 ! antagonism 0 q ( ano!r sort4 ,_! collaborators & %>p competitors 9 ! great & noble "w ( plant+ ! gospel & ! *ur* 9 old & neglect$ fields at ! ,s\?1 & c>ry+ !m we/w>d to ! cont9ually advanc+ fronti] ( population1 7 to be f\nd 9 ! multiply+ army ( ! ,me?odi/ it9]ants & local exhort]s1 ^: !ology1 enjo9$ ^u !m by _! commission1 0 ! ,arm9ianism ( ,john ,wesley4 ,no explanation is app>5t = ! revulsion ( ! great body ( ,am]ican ,bapti/s into a ,calv9ism exagg]at$ to ! po9t ( c>icature1 except ! reaction ( controv]sy ) ! ,me?odi/s4 ,! t5d5cy ( ! two p>ties to opposite poles ( dogma 0 all ! /rong] = ! fact t on bo? sides tea*]s & taught 7 alike lack+ 9 lib]aliz+ education4 ,! fact t two by f> ! mo/ num]\s d5om9ations ( ,*ri/ians 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7 picket$ ?us ov] aga9/ ea* o!r 9 ! same regions1 z widely diff]+ f ea* o!r 9 doctr9e & organization z ! ,dom9ican ord] f ! ,jesuit1 & diff]+ some:at 9 ! same way1 is a fact t invites our regret & disapproval1 b at ! same "t compels u to rememb] its comp5sat+ advantages4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x is to ?is p]iod t we trace ! head-wat]s ( sev]al important exi/+ d5om9ations4 ,at ! close ( ! w> ! congregation ( ! ,k+'s ,*apel1 ! olde/ ,episcopal *ur* 9 ,new ,engl&1 _h be5 ?9n$ & _h lo/ its rector 9 ! g5]al migration ( lead+ ,tory families to ,nova ,scotia4 ,at ! re/oration ( peace x 0 s]v$ 9 ! capacity ( lay read] by ,mr4 ,james ,freeman1 a "y graduate ( ,h>v>d1 :o came soon to be e/eem$ v highly 9 love bo? = 8 "w's sake & = 8 own4 ,be+ *os5 pa/or ( ! *ur*1 he 0 n _m mon?s 9 f9d+ t _m ?+s 9 ! ,engli% ,pray]-book 7 irreconcilable ) d\bts & convictions conc]n+ ! ,tr9ity & relat$ doctr9es1 :i* ab\t ?is "t 7 widely preval5t among !ologians bo? 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& & outside ( x4 ,9 ,june1 #aghe1 x 0 vot$ 9 ! congregation1 by a v l>ge majority1 to am5d ! ord] ( wor%ip 9 accordance ) ^! scruples4 ,! *anges 7 9 a direction 9 :i* n a few ,episcopalians 7 dispos$ to move1#bbd3a & ! congregation did n hesitate to apply = ord9ation = _! pa/or1 fir/ to ,bi%op ,seabury1 & aft]w>d1 ) bett] hope ( success1 to ,bi%op ,provoo/4 ,fail+ "h also1 ! congregation proce$$ to induct _! elect pa/or into 8 (fice )\t wait+ fur!r ^u bi%ops2 & ?us ! fir/ ,episcopal *ur* 9 ,new ,engl& became ! fir/ ,unit>ian *ur* 9 ,am]ica4 ,x 0 n ! beg9n+ ( ,unit>ianism 9 ,am]ica1 = ?is _h long be5 9 ! air4 ,b x 0 ! fir/ di/9ct organization ( x4 ,h[ rapidly & p[]fully x spread )9 n>r[ geographical limits1 & h[ widely x has affect$ ! c\rse ( religi\s hi/ory1 mu/ appe> 9 lat] *apt]s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,close z might seem to be ! k9dr$ betwe5 ,unit>ianism & ,univ]salism1 coeval z !y are 9 _! orig9 z organiz$ sects1 !y are curi\sly div]se 9 _! orig94 ,ea* ( !m1 at ! pres5t day1 holds ! *>act]i/ic t5et ( ! o!r2 9 g5]al1 ,unit>ians are ,univ]sali/s1 & ,univ]sali/s are ,unit>ians4#bbe3a ,b 9 ! beg9n+ ,unit>ianism 0 a bold reaction>y prote/ aga9/ lead+ doctr9es ( ! prevail+ ,calv9ism ( ,new ,engl&1 notably aga9/ ! doctr9es ( ! ,tr9ity1 ( expiatory atonem5t1 & ( human depravity2 & x 0 /ill m a prote/ aga9/ ! intol]ant & intol]able dogmatism ( ! sanh$rim ( ,jona?an ,edw>ds's successors1 9 _! cock-sure expositions ( ! me?ods ( ! div9e gov]nm5t & ! psy*ology ( conv]sion4 ,univ]salism1 on ! o!r h&1 9 its fir/ sett+ =? 9 ,am]ica1 plant$ itself on ! lead+ evangelical doctr9es1 :i* its lead]s _h e>ne/ly prea*$1 & made !m ! major premisses ( its argum5t4 ,ju/ification & salvation1 said ,john ,murray1 "o ( ,:itefield's ,calv9i/ic ,me?odi/ prea*]s1 are ! lot ( ^? = :om ,*ri/ di$4 ,b ,*ri/ di$ = ! elect1 said 8 ,calv9i/ic bre?r54 ,nay1 v]ily1 said ,murray 79 ?is foll[+ "o ( 8 colleagues1 ,james ,relly72 :at sai? ! ,scripture8 ,*ri/ di$ = all4 ,x 0 ! p9* ( ?is argum5t :i* br\ght ,new ,engl& !ologians1 beg9n+ ) ,smalley & ! second ,edw>ds1 to ! acceptance ( ! rectoral !ory ( ! atonem5t1 & s prep>$ ! way = mu* disputation among ! doctors ( ! next c5tury4#bbe3b ,mr4 ,murray arriv$ 9 ,am]ica 9 #aggj1 & aft] mu* go+ to & fro organiz$1 9 #aggi1 at ,gl\ce/]1 ,mass41 ! fir/ congregation 9 ,am]ica on di/9ctly ,univ]sali/ pr9ciples4 ,b o!r m51 along o!r l9es ( ?\ght1 _h be5 work+ _! way to some:at simil> conclusions4 ,9 #aghe ,elhanan ,w9*e/]1 a ?or\ghly ,calv9i/ic ,bapti/ m9i/] 9 ,philadelphia1 l$ =? 8 excommunicat$ bre?r51 "o hundr$ /rong1 & organiz$ !m into a ,society ( ,univ]sal ,bapti/s1 hold+ to ! univ]sal re/oration ( mank9d to hol9ess & happ9ess4 ,! two diff]+ s*ools frat]niz$ 9 a conv5tion ( ,univ]sali/ *ur*es at ,philadelphia 9 #agid1 at :i* articles ( belief & a plan ( organization 7 set =?1 und]/ood to be f ! p5 ( ,dr4 ,b5jam9 ,ru%2 & a resolution 0 adopt$ decl>+ ! hold+ ( slaves to be inconsi/5t ) ! union ( ! human race 9 a common ,savi\r1 & ! obligations to mutual & univ]sal love :i* fl[ f t union4 ,x 0 along /ill ano!r l9e ( argum5t1 proce$+ f ! assum$ rectitude ( human nature1 t ! ,unit>ians came1 t>dily & hesitat+ly1 to ! ,univ]sali/ position4 ,! long p]si/5ce ( def9ite b\nd>y l9es betwe5 two bodies s ne>ly alike 9 _! t5ets is a subject wor?y ( /udy4 ,! l9es seem to be r hi/orical & social ?an !ological4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 !m has be5 ?us epigrammatically /at$3 t ! ,univ]sali/ holds t ,god is too good to damn a man2 ! ,unit>ian holds t m5 are too good to be damn$4 ,no controv]sy 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican *ur* has be5 m deeply m>k$ by a s9c]e & s]i\s e>ne/ness1 ov] & above ! competitive zeal & invidi\s acrimony t are an inevitable admixture 9 su* debates1 ?an ! controv]sy t 0 at once wag$ aga9/ ! two new sects claim+ ! title ,lib]al4 ,x 0 s9c]ely felt by _! antagoni/s t1 :ile ! "o ab&on$ ! f\ndation ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 ! o!r de/roy$ ! f\ndation ( ,*ri/ian morality4 ,9 ! e>ly propag&a ( ea* ( !m 0 mu* to deep5 ?is mi/ru/4 ,:5 ! /&>d ( diss5t is set up 9 any community1 & m5 are invit$ to x 9 ! "n ( lib]ality1 no?+ c h9d] its becom+ a rally+-po9t = all sorts ( disaffect$ s\ls1 n only ! lib]al1 b ! loose4 ,! /ory ( ! controv]sy belongs to lat] *apt]s ( ?is book4 ,x is safe to say at ?is po9t t ! e>ly or?odox fe>s h at lea/ n be5 fully confirm$ by ! sequel up to ?is date4 ,x 0 "o ( ! mo/ /r5u\s ( ! e>ly disputants aga9/ ! lib]al op9ions#bbg3a :o rem>k$ 9 8 lat] ye>s1 conc]n+ ! ,unit>ian sa9ts1 t x seem$ z if _! exclusive contemplation ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 8 human "* z ! example = our imitation _h wr\ght 9 !m an exceptional beauty & ,*ri/lik5ess ( liv+4 ,z = ! ,univ]sali/s1 ! record ( _! fidelity1 z a body1 to ! v>i\s int]e/s ( social morality is n surpass$ by t ( any d5om9ation4 ,b 9 ! e>li] days ! conflict aga9/ ! two sects call$ lib]al 0 wag$ ru?lessly1 n z aga9/ defective or errone\s s*emes ( doctr9e1 b z aga9/ di/9ctly anti*ri/ian h]esies4 ,!re is in/ruction to be gott5 f /udy+1 9 comp>ison1 ! c\rse ( ^! op9ions 9 ! e/abli%$ *ur*es ( ,great ,brita9 & among ! une/abli%$ *ur*es ( ,am]ica4 ,"u ! en=c$ compreh5siv5ess or tol]ance ( a national *ur*1 x is easi] = /range doctr9es to spread )9 ! pale4 ,"u ! ,am]ican plan ( ! organization ( ,*ri/ianity by volunt>y mutual association accord+ to elective aff9ity1 ) fre$om to receive or exclude1 ! flock )9 ! fold may p]haps be kept saf] f contam9ation2 z :5 ! ,presbyt]ian ,g5]al ,assembly 9 #agib1 & aga9 9 #agid1 decid$ t ,univ]sali/s be n admitt$ to ! seal+ ord9ances ( ! gospel2#bbh3a b by ?is c\rse ! exclud$ op9ion is compell$ to intr5* itself bo? = def5se & = attack 9 a sect>ian organization4 ,x is a practically int]e/+ "q1 ! answ] to :i* is by no means self-evid5t1 :e!r ,univ]sali/ op9ions w\ld h be5 less preval5t to-day 9 ,engl& & ,scotl& if !y _h be5 exclud$ f ! national *ur*es & erect$ into a sect ) its p>tisan pulpits1 presses1 & propag&i/s2 or :e!r !y w\ld h m diffus$ 9 ,am]ica if1 in/ead ( be+ dealt ) by process ( excommunication or deposition1 !y _h be5 dealt ) simply by argum5t4 ,?is is "o ( ! _m que/ions :i* hi/ory raises1 b :i* 7happily = him7 x does n fall )9 ! function ( ! hi/orian to answ]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,to ?is p]iod is to be ref]r$ ! orig9 ( "s ( ! m9or ,am]ican sects4 ,! ,unit$ ,bre?r5 9 ,*ri/ grew into a di/9ct organization ab\t ! ye> #ahjj4 ,x arose incid5tally to ! ,me?odi/ evangelism1 9 an ef=t on ! "p ( ,philip ,william ,ott]be91 ( ! ,g]man ,re=m$ ,*ur*1 & ,m>t9 ,boehm1 ( ! ,m5nonites1 to provide = ! %eph]dless ,g]man-speak+ p by an adaptation ( ! ,wesleyan me?ods4 ,pres5tly1 9 ! natural progress ( language1 ! ,engli% "w outgrew ! ,g]man4 ,x is n[ do+ an ext5sive & useful "w by pulpit & press1 *iefly 9 ,p5nsylvania & ! ,/ates ( t latitude4 ,! reasons = its cont9u$ exi/5ce sep>ate f ! ,me?odi/ ,*ur*1 :i* x closely resembles bo? 9 doctr9e & 9 polity1 are m app>5t to ^? )9 ! organization ?an to sup]ficial obs]v]s f outside4 ,! organization j describ$ arose f ! unwill+ness ( ! ,g]man ,re=m$ ,*ur* to meet ! crav+ ne$s ( ! ,g]man p by us+ ! ,wesleyan me?ods4 ,f ! unwill+ness ( ! ,me?odi/ ,*ur* to use ! ,g]man language arose ano!r organization1 ! ,evangelical ,association1 sometimes kn[n1 f ! "n ( its f\nd]1 by ! some:at grotesque title ( ! ,albrights4 ,?is also is bo? ,me?odi/ & ,episcopal1 a r$uc$ copy ( ! great ,wesleyan in/itution1 ma9ly devot$ to labors among ! ,g]mans4 ,9 #agib 0 plant$ at ,baltimore ! fir/ ,am]ican congregation ( t organization ( disciples ( ,emanuel ,sw$5borg :i* _h be5 begun 9 ,london n9e ye>s be=e & call$ by ! appropriately fanciful "n ( ! ,*ur* ( ! ,new ,j]usalem4 ,,footnotes3 #baj3a ,quot$ 9 ,tiffany1 p4 #bhi1 note4 ,! extreme depression ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal & 7z w soon appe>7 ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 at ?is po9t ( "t1 emphasizes all ! m ! great advances made by bo? ^! communions f ?is "t =w>d4 #baa3a ,preface to ! ,am]ican ,book ( ,common ,pray]1 #aghi4 #baa3b ,see ! critical obs]vations ( ,dr4 ,mc,connell1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican ,episcopal ,*ur*1 pp4 #bfd-bgf4 ,! polity ( ?is *ur* seems to h suff]$ = want ( a ,/ates' ,rights & ,/rict ,con/ruction p>ty4 ,! c5trifugal =ce has be5 ov]balanc$ by ! c5tripetal4 #bac3a ,tiffany1 pp4 #che-cii4 #baf3a ,bi%op ,o',gorman1 pp4 #bfi-cbc1 #cfg1 #cii4 #bah3a ,buckley1 ,! ,me?odi/s1 pp4 #ahb1 #ahc4 #bai3a ,jesse ,lee1 quot$ by ,dr4 ,buckley1 p4 #aie4 #bbb3a ,newman1 ,! ,bapti/s1 p4 #cje4 #bbb3b ,ibid41 p4 #bdc4 #bbd3a ,tiffany1 p4 #cdg2 ,mc,connell1 p4 #bdi4 #bbe3a ,dr4 ,ri*>d ,eddy1 ,! ,univ]sali/s1 p4 #dbi4 #bbe3b ,ibid41 pp4 #cib-cig4 ,! s]mons ( ,smalley 7 prea*$ at ,wall+=d1 ,conn41 by p>ticul> reque/1 ) special ref]5ce to ! ,murrayan controv]sy4 #bbg3a ,leon>d ,bacon1 ( ,new ,hav51 9 conv]sation4 #bbh3a ,eddy1 p4 #chg4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,second ,,awak5+4 ,! clos+ ye>s ( ! eighte5? c5tury %[ ! l[e/ l[-wat] m>k ( ! l[e/ ebb-tide ( spiritual life 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican *ur*4 ,! demoralization ( army life1 ! fury ( political factions1 ! cat*p5ny mat]iali/ morality ( ,frankl91 ! philosophic deism ( m5 l ,jeff]son1 & ! popul> ribaldry ( ,tom ,pa9e1 _h wr\ght1 toge!r ) o!r unt[>d influ5ces1 to br+ ab\t a condition ( ?+s :i* to ! eye ( little fai? seem$ almo/ desp]ate4 ,f ! beg9n+ ( ! reaction f ! /ormy excitem5ts ( ! ,great ,awak5+1 no?+ _h seem$ to ar\se ! ,new ,engl& *ur*es f a le?>gic dullness2 s1 at lea/1 x seem$ to ^? :o recall$ ^? wond]ful days ( old1 ei!r 9 memory or by tradition4 ,we h a gauge ( ! g5]al decl9e ( ! public morals1 9 ! condition ( ,yale ,college at ! accession ( ,presid5t ,dwight 9 #agie1 z describ$ 9 ! rem9isc5ces ( ,lyman ,bee*]1 !n a sophomore4 ,be=e he came1 college 0 9 a mo/ ungodly /ate4 ,! college *ur* 0 almo/ ext9ct4 ,mo/ ( ! /ud5ts 7 skeptical1 & r[dies 7 pl5ty4 ,w9e & liquors 7 kept 9 _m rooms2 intemp]ance1 pr(anity1 gambl+1 & lic5ti\sness 7 common4 ,i h>dly "k h[ ,i escap$4444 ,t 0 ! day ( ! infidelity ( ! ,tom ,pa9e s*ool4 ,boys t dress$ flax 9 ! b>n1 z ,i us$ to1 read ,tom ,pa9e & believ$ him2 ,i read & f\ght him all ! way4 ,nev] _h any prop5sity to infidelity4 ,b mo/ ( ! class be=e me 7 infidels1 & call$ ea* o!r ,voltaire1 ,r\sseau1 ,d',alemb]t1 etc4#bca3a ,9 ! ,middle ,/ates ! aspect 0 n m promis+4 ,pr9ceton ,college _h be5 clos$ = ?ree ye>s ( ! ,revolution>y ,w>4 ,9 #aghb !re 7 only two among ! /ud5ts :o pr(ess$ !mselves ,*ri/ians4 ,! ,presbyt]ian ,g5]al ,assembly1 repres5t+ ! /ronge/ religi\s =ce 9 t region1 9 #agih describ$ ! !n exi/+ condition ( ! c\ntry 9 ^! t]ms3 ,=midable innovations & convulsions 9 ,europe ?reat5 de/ruction to morals & religion4 ,sc5es ( deva/ation & blood%$ unexampl$ 9 ! hi/ory ( mod]n nations h convuls$ ! _w1 & our c\ntry is ?reat5$ ) simil> calamities4 ,we p]ceive ) pa9 & fe>ful appreh5sion a g5]al d]eliction ( religi\s pr9ciples & practice among our fell[-citiz5s1 a visible & prevail+ impiety & contempt = ! laws & in/itutions ( religion1 & an ab\nd+ infidelity1 :i* 9 _m in/ances t5ds to a!ism itself4 ,! pr(ligacy & corruption ( ! public morals h advanc$ ) a progress proportionate to our decl5sion 9 religion4 ,pr(an5ess1 pride1 luxury1 inju/ice1 intemp]ance1 lewdness1 & e species ( debau*]y & loose indulg5ce greatly ab\nd4 ,f ! po9t ( view ( ! ,episcopalian ( t day ! prospect 0 ev5 m di%e>t5+4 ,x 0 at ?is "t t ,bi%op ,provoo/ ( ,new ,york laid d[n 8 functions1 n expect+ ! *ur* to cont9ue mu* long]2 & ,bi%op ,madison ( ,virg9ia %>$ ! despair+ conviction ( ,*ief-,ju/ice ,m>%all t ! *ur* 0 too f> gone ev] to be reviv$4#bcb3a ,ov] all ?is p]iod ! hi/orian ( ! ,lu!ran ,*ur* writes up ! title ,det]ioration4#bcb3b ,proposals 7 set on foot look+ t[>d ! m]g] ( ^! two langui%+ d5om9ations4 ,ev5 ! ,me?odi/s1 ! f]vor ( ^: zeal & vitality ( ^: organization _h )/ood :at seem$ sev]] te/s1 felt ! b5umb+ influ5ce ( ?is unhappy age4 ,= ?ree ye>s end+ 9 #agif ! total memb]%ip dim9i%$ at ! rate ( ab\t f\r ?\s& a ye>4 ,_m witnesses agree 9 describ+ ! moral & religi\s condition ( ! bord] ,/ates ( ,k5tucky & ,t5nessee z peculi>ly deplorable4 ,! autobiography ( t fam\s pione] prea*]1 ,pet] ,c>twright1 gives a lively picture ( ,k5tucky society 9 #agic z he rememb]$ x 9 8 old age3 ,logan ,c\nty1 :5 my fa!r mov$ into x1 0 call$ ',rogues' ,h>bor4' ,"h _m refugees f all p>ts ( ! ,union fl$ to escape puni%m5t or ju/ice2 = al?\gh !re 0 law1 yet x c\ld n be execut$1 & x 0 a desp]ate /ate ( society4 ,murd]]s1 horse-?ieves1 highway robb]s1 & c\nt]feit]s fl$ !re1 until !y comb9$ & actually =m$ a majority4 ,^? :o favor$ a bett] /ate ( morals 7 call$ ',regulators4' ,b !y enc\nt]$ fi]ce opposition f ! ',rogues1' & a battle 0 f\ght ) guns1 pi/ols1 dirks1 knives1 & clubs1 9 :i* ! ',regulators' 7 defeat$4#bcc3a ,! p t walk$ 9 ?is gross d>kness beheld a great light4 ,9 #agif a ,presbyt]ian m9i/]1 ,james ,mc,gready1 :o = m ?an t5 ye>s _h done useful s]vice 9 ,p5nsylvania & ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 assum$ *>ge ( sev]al ,presbyt]ian *ur*es 9 t v ,logan ,c\nty :i* we "k ?r\gh ! rem9isc5ces ( ,pet] ,c>twright4 ,z he w5t ! r\nd ( 8 scatt]$ congregations 8 prea*+ 0 felt to h peculi> p[] to ar\se false pr(essors1 to awak5 a dead *ur*1 & w>n s9n]s & lead !m to seek ! new spiritual life :i* he himself _h f\nd4 ,?ree ye>s lat] two bro!rs1 ,william & ,john ,mc,gee1 "o a ,presbyt]ian m9i/] & ! o!r a ,me?odi/1 came ?r\gh ! beautiful ,cumb]l& c\ntry 9 ,k5tucky & ,t5nessee1 speak+1 z if 9 ! _s & p[] ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 to multitudes t ga!r$ f great di/ances to he> !m4 ,on "o occasion1 9 ! woods ( ,logan ,c\nty1 9 ,july1 #ahjj1 ! ga!r$ families1 _m ( :om came f f>1 te!r$ _! teams & encamp$ = sev]al days = ! unaccu/om$ privilege ( common wor%ip & ,*ri/ian prea*+4 ,?is is believ$ to h be5 ! fir/ ,am]ican camp-meet+--an era wor? rememb]+ 9 our hi/ory4 ,n )\t abundant ,new ,te/am5t antec$5ts1 x naturaliz$ itself at once on our soil z a natural exp$i5t = scatt]$ fronti] populations unprovid$ ) settl$ in/itutions4 ,by a natural process ( evolution1 adapt+ itself to o!r environm5ts & uses1 ! backwoods camp-meet+ has gr[n into ! ,*autauqua assembly1 :i* at s _m places besides ! orig9al c5t] at ,*autauqua ,lake has gr[n into an important & mo/ *>act]i/ic in/itution ( ,am]ican civilization4 ,we are happy 9 hav+ an acc\nt ( "s ( ^! meet+s f "o :o 0 p]sonally & sympa!tically int]e/$ 9 !m4 ,= 9 ! spr+ ( ! next ye> ,b>ton ,w>r5 ,/one1 a ,presbyt]ian m9i/] s]v+ 8 two congregations ( ,concord & ,cane ,ridge 9 ,b\rbon ,c\nty1 & oppress$ ) a s5se ( ! religi\s apa?y prevail+ ab\t him1 made ! long j\rney across ! ,/ate ( ,k5tucky to see = himself ! wond]ful ?+s ( :i* he _h he>d1 & aft]w>d wrote 8 rem9isc5ces4 ,!re1 on ! edge ( a prairie 9 ,logan ,c\nty1 ,k5tucky1 ! multitudes came toge!r & cont9u$ a numb] ( days & nights encamp$ on ! gr\nd1 dur+ :i* "t wor%ip 0 c>ri$ on 9 "s "p ( ! encampm5t4 ,! sc5e 0 new to me & pass+ /range4 ,x baffl$ description4 ,_m1 v _m1 fell d[n z m5 sla9 9 battle1 & cont9u$ = h\rs toge!r 9 an app>5tly brea?less & motionless /ate1 sometimes = a few mom5ts reviv+ & exhibit+ symptoms ( life by a deep groan or pi]c+ %riek1 or by a pray] = m]cy f]v5tly utt]$4 ,aft] ly+ !re = h\rs !y obta9$ deliv]ance4 ,! gloomy cl\d t _h cov]$ _! faces seem$ gradually & visibly to disappe>1 & hope1 9 smiles1 bright5$ into joy4 ,!y w\ld rise1 %\t+ deliv]ance1 & !n w\ld address ! surr\nd+ multitude 9 language truly eloqu5t & impressive4 ,) a/oni%m5t did ,i he> m51 wom51 & *ildr5 decl>+ ! wond]ful works ( ,god & ! glori\s my/]ies ( ! gospel4 ,_! appeals 7 solemn1 he>t-p5etrat+1 bold1 & free4 ,"u su* circum/ances _m o!rs w\ld fall d[n into ! same /ate f :i* ! speak]s _h j be5 deliv]$4 ,two or ?ree ( my p>ticul> acqua9tances f a di/ance 7 /ruck d[n4 ,i sat pati5tly by "o ( !m1 :om ,i knew to be a c>eless s9n]1 = h\rs1 & obs]v$ ) critical att5tion ev]y?+ t pass$1 f ! beg9n+ to ! end4 ,i notic$ ! mom5t>y reviv+s z f dea?1 ! humble confession ( s9s1 ! f]v5t pray]1 & ! ultimate deliv]ance2 !n ! solemn ?anks & praise to ,god1 & affectionate exhortation to companions & to ! p ar\nd to rep5t & come to ,jesus4 ,i 0 a/oni%$ at ! k ( gospel tru? display$ 9 ! address4 ,! effect 0 t sev]al sank d[n into ! same appe>ance ( dea?4 ,aft] att5d+ to _m su* cases1 my conviction 0 complete t x 0 a good "w--! "w ( ,god2 nor has my m9d wav]$ s9ce on ! subject4 ,mu* did ,i see !n1 & mu* h ,i se5 s9ce1 t ,i consid] to be fanaticism2 b ?is %\ld n condemn ! "w4 ,! devil has always tri$ to ape ! works ( ,god1 to br+ !m into disrepute2 b t _c be a ,satanic "w :i* br+s m5 to humble confession1 to =sak+ ( s91 to pray]1 f]v5t praise & ?anksgiv+1 & a s9c]e & affectionate exhortation to s9n]s to rep5t & come to ,jesus ! ,savi\r4 ,pr(\ndly impress$ by :at he _h se5 & he>d1 ,pa/or ,/one return$ to 8 d\ble p>i% 9 ,b\rbon ,c\nty & rehe>s$ ! /ory ( x4 ,! congregation 0 affect$ ) awful solemnity1 & _m return$ home weep+4 ,?is 0 9 ! e>ly spr+4 ,n _m mon?s aft]w>d !re 0 a notable spr++ up ( ?is se$4 ,a memorable meet+ 0 held at ,cane ,ridge 9 ,augu/1 #ahja4 ,! roads 7 cr[d$ ) wagons1 c>riages1 horses1 & footm5 mov+ to ! solemn camp4 ,x 0 judg$ by milit>y m5 on ! gr\nd t betwe5 tw5ty & ?irty ?\s& p]sons 7 assembl$4 ,f\r or five prea*]s spoke at ! same "t 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! encampm5t )\t confusion4 ,! ,me?odi/ & ,bapti/ prea*]s aid$ 9 ! "w1 & all appe>$ cordially unit$ 9 x4 ,!y 7 ( "o m9d & s\l3 ! salvation ( s9n]s 0 ! "o object4 ,we all engag$ 9 s++ ! same songs1 all unit$ 9 pray]1 all prea*$ ! same ?+s4444 ,! numb]s conv]t$ w be kn[n only 9 et]nity4 ,_m ?+s transpir$ 9 ! meet+ :i* 7 s mu* l miracles t !y _h ! same effect z miracles on unbeliev]s4 ,by !m _m 7 conv9c$ t ,jesus 0 ! ,*ri/ & 7 p]suad$ to submit to him4 ,?is meet+ cont9u$ six or sev5 days & nights1 & w\ld h cont9u$ long]1 b food = ! su/5ance ( su* a multitude fail$4 ,to ?is meet+ _m _h come f ,ohio & o!r di/ant p>ts4 ,^! return$ home & diffus$ ! same _s 9 _! respective neighborhoods4 ,simil> results foll[$4 ,s l[ _h religion sunk1 & su* c>elessness _h univ]sally prevail$1 t ,i h ?\ght t no?+ common c\ld h arre/$ & held ! att5tion ( ! p4#bcf3a ,! sob] & cauti\s tone ( ?is n>rative w already h impress$ ! read]4 ,^! are n ! words ( a heat$ en?usia/1 or a man weakly cr$ul\s4 ,we may hesitate to accept 8 judgm5t1 b may safely accept 8 te/imony1 amply corroborat$ z x is1 to facts :i* he has se5 & he>d4 ,b ! crucial te/ ( ! "w1 ! te/ prescrib$ by ! ,"l ( ! *ur*1 is t x %all be kn[n by its fruits4 ,& ?is te/ x seems to be> well4 ,dr4 ,ar*ibald ,alex&]1 _h 9 high rev]5ce 9 ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* z a wise c\nselor 9 spiritual matt]s1 made scrupul\s inquiry into ! results ( ?is revival1 & receiv$ f "o ( 8 correspond5ts1 ,dr4 ,george ,a4 ,baxt]1 :o made an e>ly visit to ! sc5es ( ! revival1 ! foll[+ te/imony3 ,on my way ,i 0 in=m$ by settl]s on ! road t ! "* ( ,k5tucky travel]s 0 entirely *ang$1 & t !y 7 z rem>kable = sobriety z !y _h =m]ly be5 = dissolut5ess & immorality4 ,& inde$ ,i f\nd ,k5tucky to appe>ances ! mo/ moral place ,i _h ev] se54 ,a pr(ane expression 0 h>dly ev] he>d4 ,a religi\s awe seem$ to p]vade ! c\ntry4 ,^u ! :ole1 ,i ?9k ! revival 9 ,k5tucky ! mo/ extraord9>y t has ev] visit$ ! *ur* ( ,*ri/2 &1 all ?+s consid]$1 x 0 peculi>ly adapt$ to ! circum/ances ( ! c\ntry into :i* x came4 ,infidelity 0 triumphant & religion 0 on ! po9t ( expir+4 ,some?+ extraord9>y seem$ necess>y to arre/ ! att5tion ( a giddy p :o 7 ready to conclude t ,*ri/ianity 0 a fable & futurity a delusion4 ,?is revival has done x4 ,x has conf\nd$ infidelity & br\ght numb]s beyond calculation "u s]i\s impressions4 ,a s]mon prea*$ 9 #ahjc to ! ,presbyt]ian synod ( ,k5tucky1 by ! ,rev4 ,david ,rice1 has ! value ( te/imony giv5 9 ! pres5ce ( o!r compet5t witnesses1 & liable ?us to be que/ion$ or contradict$4 ,9 x he says3 ,neighborhoods not$ = _! vici\s & pr(ligate mann]s are n[ z mu* not$ = _! piety & good ord]4 ,drunk>ds1 pr(ane swe>]s1 li>s1 qu>relsome p]sons1 etc41 are rem>kably re=m$4444 ,a numb] ( families :o _h liv$ app>5tly )\t ! fe> ( ,god1 9 folly & 9 vice1 )\t any religi\s in/ruction or any prop] gov]nm5t1 are n[ r$uc$ to ord] & are daily jo9+ 9 ! wor%ip ( ,god1 read+ 8 ^w1 s++ 8 praises1 & (f]+ up _! supplications to a ?rone ( grace4 ,p>5ts :o seem$ =m]ly to h little or no reg>d = ! salvation ( _! *ildr5 are n[ anxi\sly conc]n$ = _! salvation1 are plead+ = !m1 & endeavor+ to lead !m to ,*ri/ & tra9 !m up 9 ! way ( piety & virtue4 ,t same ye> ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 9 its annual review ( ! /ate ( religion1 adv]t$ ) emphasis to ! "w 9 ! ,cumb]l& c\ntry1 & cit$ rem>kable in/ances ( conv]sion--malignant oppos]s ( vital piety conv9c$ & reconcil$1 le>n$1 active1 & conspicu\s infidels becom+ signal monum5ts ( t grace :i* !y once despis$2 & 9 conclusion decl>$ ) joy t ! /ate & prospects ( vital religion 9 our c\ntry are m favorable & enc\rag+ ?an at any p]iod )9 ! la/ =ty ye>s4#bch3a ,9 ord] successfully to /udy ! ph5om5a ( ?is rem>kable passage 9 ! hi/ory ( ! *ur*1 x is necess>y to be> 9 m9d ! social conditions t prevail$4 ,a population p]f]vido +5io1 ( a temp] peculi>ly susceptible ( int5se excitem5t1 transplant$ into a wild c\ntry1 "u little control ei!r ( conv5tionality or law1 deeply +ra9$ f _m g5]ations ) ! religi\s s5tim5t1 b brok5 loose f ! control ( x & liv+ consci\sly 9 reckless disreg>d ( ! law ( ,god1 is sudd5ly ar\s$ to a s5se ( its apo/asy & wick$ness4 ,! p d n he> ! ^w ( ,god f ,sabba? to ,sabba?1 or ev5 f ev5+ to ev5+1 & take x home ) !m & pond] x amid ! avocations ( daily bus9ess2 by ! conditions1 !y are seque/]$ = days toge!r 9 ! wild]ness = ! exclusive contemplation ( mom5t\s tru?s press$ ^u ! m9d ) incessant & impassion$ it]ation2 & !y rema9 toge!r1 an agitat$ ?rong1 n ( m5 only1 b ( wom5 & *ildr54 ,! /ud5t ( psy*ology recognizes at once t "h are pres5t 9 an unusual comb9ation ! conditions n m]ely ( ! ready propagation ( influ5ce by example & p]suasion1 b ( ^? n]v\s1 m5tal1 or spiritual infections :i* make s important a figure 9 ! _w's hi/ory1 civil1 milit>y1 or religi\s4 ,x is :olly 9 accord ) human nature t ! physical manife/ations att5dant on religi\s excitem5t 9 ^! circum/ances %\ld be ( an int5se & extravagant sort4 ,& su* inde$ !y 74 ,sudd5 outcries1 hy/]ic weep+ & laught]1 fa9t+s1 catalepsies1 trances1 7 cu/om>y concomitants ( ! revival prea*+4 ,multitudes fell pro/rate on ! gr\nd1 spiritually sla91 z x 0 said4 ,le/ ! helpless bodies %\ld be trampl$ on by ! surg+ cr[d1 !y 7 tak5 up & laid 9 r[s on ! floor ( ! neighbor+ meet+-h\se4 ,"s lay quiet1 unable to move or speak4 ,"s talk$1 b c\ld n move4 ,"s beat ! floor ) _! heels4 ,"s1 %riek+ 9 agony1 b\nd$ ab\t1 x is said1 l a live fi% out ( wat]4 ,_m lay d[n & roll$ ov] & ov] = h\rs at a "t4 ,o!rs ru%$ wildly ov] ! /umps & b5*es1 & !n plung$1 %\t+ ',lo/6 ,lo/6' into ! =e/4 ,z ! revival w5t on & ! camp-meet+ grew to be a cu/om & an in/itution1 ?is n]v\s epidemic took on c]ta9 recognizable =ms1 "o ( :i* 0 kn[n z ! j]ks4 ,?is malady began 9 ! head & spread rapidly to ! feet4 ,! head w\ld be ?r[n f side to side s swiftly t ! features w\ld be blott$ out & ! hair made to snap4 ,:5 ! body 0 affect$ ! suff]] 0 hurl$ ov] h9drances t came 9 8 way1 & f9ally da%$ on ! gr\nd1 to b\nce ab\t l a ball4 ,! ecc5tric ,lor5zo ,d[1 ^: freaks ( eloqu5ce & humor are rememb]$ by _m n[ liv+1 speaks f 8 own obs]vation on ! subject3 ,i h pass$ a meet+-h\se :]e ,i obs]v$ ! und]gr[? _h be5 cut = a camp-meet+1 & f fifty to a hundr$ sapl+s 7 left brea/-high on purpose = p]sons :o 7 'j]k$' to hold on to4 ,i obs]v$ :]e !y _h held on !y _h kick$ up ! e>? z a horse /amp+ flies4444 ,i believe x does n affect ^? naturali/s :o wi% to get x to philosophize ab\t x2 & r>ely ^? :o are ! mo/ pi\s2 b ! lukew>m1 lazy pr(essor is subject to x4 ,! wick$ fe> x & are subject to x2 b ! p]secutors are m subject to x ?an any1 & !y h sometimes curs$ & sworn & damn$ x :ile j]k+4#bdj3a ,!re is no?+ improbable 9 ! claim t ph5om5a l ^!1 /range1 weird1 />tl+1 7 s mu* l miracles t !y _h ! same effect z miracles on unbeliev]s4 ,!y help$ break up ! apa!tic torpor ( ! *ur* & summon ! multitudes into ! wild]ness to he> ! prea*+ ( rep5tance & ! remission ( s9s4 ,b !y _h "s lam5table results4 ,^? :o1 l _m among ! ,me?odi/s1#bda3a f\nd 9 !m ! direct "w ( ! ,holy ,_s1 7 !reby />t$ along ! p]il\s incl9e t[>d en?usiasm & fanaticism4 ,^?1 on ! o!r h&1 repell$ by ! grotesqu5ess & extravagance ( ^! manife/ations1 :o 7 l$ to di/ru/ or condemn ! good "w ) :i* !y 7 associat$1 fell into a grav] error4 ,?is 0 ! error into :i*1 to its co/1 ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* 0 by & by drawn 9 deal+ ) que/ions t em]g$ f ^! agitations4 ,! revival gave rise to two new sects1 bo? ( !m m>k$ by ! f]vor ( _s t *>act]iz$ ! "t1 & bo? ( !m f9d+ _! pr9cipal habitat 9 ! same we/]n region4 ,! ,cumb]l& ,presbyt]ians1 n[ gr[n to l>ge numb]s & des]v$ influ5ce & dignity 9 ! fell[%ip ( ,am]ican sects1 sep>at$ !mselves f ! ma9 body ( ,presbyt]ians by refus+ to accept1 9 face ( ! crav+ ne$s ( ! pa/orless population all ab\t !m1 ! arbitr>y rule %utt+ ! door ( access to ! ,presbyt]ian m9i/ry to all c&idates1 h[ great soev] _! o!r qualifications1 :o lack$ a classical education4 ,sep>at+ on ?is issue1 !y took ! opportunity to am5d ! g5]ally accept$ doctr9al /atem5ts ( ! ,presbyt]ian *ur*es by mitigat+ ^? utt]ances :i* seem$ to !m1 z !y h seem$ to _m o!rs1 to err 9 ! direction ( fatalism4 ,ab\t ! same "t !re 0 manife/$ 9 v>i\s qu>t]s a g5]\s revolt aga9/ ! exi/5ce & multiplication ( mutually exclusive sects 9 ! ,*ri/ian family1 ea* limit$ by humanly devis$ doctr9al articles & br&$ ) p>tisan names4 ,h[ ^! v>i\s prote/+ elem5ts came toge!r on ! sole basis ( a common fai? 9 ,*ri/ & a common acceptance ( ! div9e au?ority ( ! ,bible2 h[1 n int5d+ x1 !y came to be !mselves a new sect2 & h[1 /ruggl+ 9 va9 aga9/ ! inexorable laws ( language1 !y came to be di/+ui%$ by names1 z ,campbellite ,bapti/1 ,*ri/-ian 7) a long i71 & 7kat' exo*57 ,disciples1 are po9ts on :i* int]e/+ & in/ructive light is %$ 9 ! hi/ory by ,dr4 ,b4 ,b4 ,tyl]4#bdb3a 99 99 99 99 99 ,! great revival ( ! ,we/ & ,s\?we/ 0 n ! only revival1 & n ev5 ! e>lie/ revival1 ( t "t ( crisis4 ,z e>ly z #agib ! long in]tia ( ! ea/]n *ur*es began to be brok5 "h & !re by signs ( gr[+ e>ne/ness & att5tiv5ess to spiritual ?+s4 ,!re 0 little ( excit$ agitation4 ,!re 0 no prea*+ ( fam\s evangeli/s4 ,!re 7 no impos+ convocations4 ,only 9 _m & _m ( ^? c\ntry t[ns 9 :i*1 at t "t1 ! ma9 /r5g? ( ! population lay1 ! labors ( fai?ful pa/ors began to be rew>d$ ) l>ge +a!r+s ( p5it5t believ]s4 ,! langui%+ *ur*es grew /rong & hopeful1 & ! insol5t infidelity ( ! times 0 aba%$4 ,) su* sob] simplicity 0 ! "w ( ! gospel c>ri$ =w>d1 9 ! op5+ ye>s ( ?is c5tury1 among ! *ur*es & pa/ors t _h le>n$ wisdom f ! mi/akes made 9 ! ,great ,awak5+1 t !re are few /rik+ incid5ts = ! hi/orian4 ,h>dly any man is to be po9t$ out z a preem95t lead] ( ! *ur* at ?is p]iod4 ,if to any "o1 ?is place ( honor belongs to ,timo?y ,dwight1 gr&son ( ,jona?an ,edw>ds1 ^: accession to ! presid5cy ( ,yale ,college at ! d>ke/ h\r 9 its hi/ory m>k$ ! turn+-po9t4 ,we h already le>n$ f ! rem9isc5ces ( ,lyman ,bee*] h[ l[ ! college _h sunk 9 po9t ( religi\s "*1 :5 mo/ ( ! class above him 7 op5ly boa/ful ( be+ infidels4#bdc3a ,h[ ! new presid5t dealt ) !m is well describ$ by ! same witness3 ,!y ?\ght ! faculty 7 afraid ( free discussion4 ,b :5 !y h&$ ,dr4 ,dwight a li/ ( subjects = class disputation1 to _! surprise1 he select$ ?is3 ',is ! ,bible ! ^w ( ,god8' & told !m to d _! be/4 ,he he>d all !y _h to say1 answ]$ !m1 & !re 0 an end4 ,he prea*$ incessantly = six mon?s on ! subject1 & all infidelity skulk$ & hid its head4 ,he elaborat$ 8 !ological sy/em 9 a s]ies ( =5oon s]mons 9 ! *apel2 ! aft]noon disc\rses 7 practical4 ,! orig9al design ( ,yale ,college 0 to f\nd a div9ity s*ool4 ,to a m9d appreciative1 l m9e1 8 prea*+ 0 a cont9ual c\rse ( education & a cont9ual fea/4 ,he 0 copi\s & poli%$ 9 /yle1 ?\gh discipl9$ & logical4 ,!re 0 a pi? & p[] ( doctr9e !re t has n be5 s9ce surpass$1 if equal$4#bdc3b ,x may be d\bt$ :e!r to any man ( 8 g5]ation x 0 giv5 to ex]cise a wid] & m b5efic5t influ5ce ov] ! ,am]ican *ur* ?an t ( ,presid5t ,dwight4 ,8 sy/em ( ,!ology ,expla9$ & ,def5d$ 9 a ,s]ies ( ,s]mons1 a !ology meant to be prea*$ & made effective 9 conv9c+ m5 & conv]t+ !m to ! s]vice ( ,god1 0 s con/ruct$ z to be complet$ )9 ! f\r ye>s ( ! college curriculum1 s t e graduate %\ld h he>d ! :ole ( x4 ,! influ5ce ( x has n be5 limit$ by ! b\nd>ies ( our c\ntry1 nor has x expir$ ) ! c5tury j complet$ s9ce ,presid5t ,dwight's accession4 ,at ! ,ea/ also1 z well z at ! ,we/1 ! quick5+ ( religi\s ?\ght & feel+ _h ! common effect ( ali5at+ & disrupt+4 ,div]g+ t5d5cies1 :i* _h begun to disclose !mselves 9 ! discussions betwe5 ,edw>ds & ,*auncy 9 _! respective volumes ( ,?\ghts on ! ,great ,awak5+1 became emphasiz$ 9 ! revival ( #ahjj4 ,t lib]alism :i* _h begun z a prote/ aga9/ a too p]emptory /yle ( dogmatism 0 rapidly advanc+ t[>d a dogmatic d5ial ( po9ts deem$ by ! opposite p>ty to be ess5tial4 ,dogmatic diff]5ces 7 aggravat$ by diff]5ces ( ta/e & temp]am5t1 & ev]y?+ 0 work+ t[>d ! s*ism by :i* "s s9c]e & zeal\s s\ls %\ld seek to d ,god s]vice4 ,9 "o mo/ important p>ticul> ! revival ( #ahjj 0 happily di/+ui%$ f ! ,great ,awak5+ ( #agdj4 ,x 0 n done & ov] ) at ! end ( a few ye>s1 & !n foll[$ by a long p]iod ( reaction4 ,x 0 ! beg9n+ ( a long p]iod ( vigor\s & abundant life1 mov+ =w>d1 n1 inde$1 ) ev5 & unv>y+ fl[1 yet ) cont9u\s curr5t1 m>k$ ) ^? alt]nations ( exaltation & subsid5ce :i* seem1 :e!r = evil or = good1 to h become a fix$ *>act]i/ic ( ,am]ican *ur* hi/ory4 ,! widespread revivals ( ! fir/ decade ( ! n9ete5? c5tury sav$ ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ 9 ,am]ica f its l[ e/ate & gird$ x = /up5d\s tasks t 7 ab\t to be devolv$ on x4 ,9 ! gl[ ( ?is r5ew$ f]vor1 ! *ur*es ( ,new ,engl& successfully made ! difficult transition f e/abli%m5t to self-support & to ! co/ly ent]prises ( aggressive evangelization into :i*1 9 company ) o!r *ur*es to ! ,s\? & ,we/1 !y 7 ab\t to ent]4 ,! ,*ri/ianity ( ! c\ntry 0 prep>$ & equipp$ to att5d ) equal pace ! prodigi\s ru% ( population across ! bread? ( ! ,great ,valley1 & to give welcome to ! invad+ ho/ ( immigrants :i* be=e ! end ( a half c5tury 0 to effect its entrance into our t]ritory at ! rate ( a ?\s& a day4 ,x 0 to accommodate itself to *ang+ social conditions1 z ! once agricultural population began to conc5trate itself 9 factory villages & comm]cial t[ns4 ,x 0 to c>ry on sy/ematic campaigns ( w>f>e aga9/ in/itut$ social wrong1 su* z ! dr9k+ usages ( society1 ! savage code ( duel+1 ! public sanction ( slav]y4 ,& x 0 to ent] ! effectual door :i* f ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury op5$ wid] & wid] to admit ! gospel & ! *ur* to e nation "u heav54 ,,footnotes3 #bca3a ,autobiography ( ,lyman ,bee*]1 vol4 i41 p4 #dc4 ,! same *>m+ volume conta9s abundant evid5ce t ! _s ( true religion 0 *]i%$ 9 ! homes ( ! p1 :ile !re 7 s _m public signs ( apo/asy4 #bcb3a ,tiffany1 ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 pp4 #chh1 #cid1 #cie4 #bcb3b ,dr4 ,jacobs1 *ap4 xix4 #bcc3a ,autobiography ( ,pet] ,c>twright1 quot$ by ,dor*e/]1 ,*ri/ianity 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 p4 #cdh4 #bcf3a ,see ,b4 ,b4 ,tyl]1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,disciples1 pp4 #aa-ag2 ,r4 ,v4 ,fo/]1 ,! ,cumb]l& ,presbyt]ians1 pp4 #bfj-bfc 7,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies1 vols4 xi41 xii474 #bch3a ,tyl]1 ,! ,disciples2 ,fo/]1 ,! ,cumb]l& ,presbyt]ians1 ubi supra4 #bdj3a ,let me add an illu/rative in/ance relat$ to me by ! di/+ui%$ ,me?odi/1 ,dr4 ,david ,p4 ,durb94 ,/&+ ne> ! plat=m f :i* he 0 to prea* at a camp-meet+1 he obs]v$ a p[]fully built "y backwoodsman :o 0 manife/ly !re ) no bett] int5t ?an to di/urb & break up ! meet+4 ,pres5tly x became evid5t t ! "y man 0 consci\s ( "s influ5ce tak+ hold ( him to :i* he 0 resolv$ n to yield2 he clut*$ ) bo? h&s a hickory sapl+ next :i* he 0 /&+1 to hold himself /eady1 b 0 :irl$ r\nd & r\nd1 until ! b>k ( ! sapl+ peel$ (f "u 8 grasp4 ,b1 z 9 ! cases ref]r$ to by ,d[1 ! attack 0 att5d$ by no religi\s s5tim5t :atev]4 ,on ! manife/ations 9 ! ,cumb]l& c\ntry1 see ,mc,masters1 ,unit$ ,/ates1 vol4 ii41 pp4 #eha1 #ehb1 & ! s\rces !re cit$4 ,= "s judici\s rem>ks on ! g5]al subject1 see ,buckley1 ,me?odism1 pp4 #bag-bbd4 #bda3a ,s ,dr4 ,buckley1 ,me?odism1 p4 #bag4 #bdb3a ,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies1 vol4 xii4 #bdc3a ,see above1 pp4 #bcj1 #bca4 #bdc3b ,autobiography ( ,lyman ,bee*]1 vol4 i41 pp4 #dc1 #dd4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,organiz$ ,,b5efic5ce4 ,:5 ! ,presbyt]ian ,g5]al ,assembly1 9 #ahjc1 made a /udi\s review ( ! revivals :i* = sev]al ye>s _h be5 9 progress1 especially at ! ,s\? & ,we/1 x includ$ 9 its ,n>rative ! foll[+ obs]vations3 ,! ,assembly obs]ve ) great pleasure t ! desire = spread+ ! gospel among ! blacks & among ! savage tribes on our bord]s has be5 rapidly increas+ dur+ ! la/ ye>4 ,! ,assembly take notice ( ?is circum/ance ) ! m satisfaction1 z x n only af=ds a pleas+ presage ( ! spread ( ! gospel1 b also furni%es agreeable evid5ce ( ! g5u95ess & ! b5ign t5d5cy ( t _s :i* ,god has be5 pleas$ to p\r out ^u 8 p4 ,9 ,new ,engl& ! l result _h already1 sev]al ye>s be=e1 foll[$ ^u ! l antec$5t4 ,9 ! ye> #agih ! ,mission>y ,society ( ,connecticut 0 con/itut$1 hav+ = its object to ,*ri/ianize ! hea!n 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 & to support & promote ,*ri/ian k 9 ! new settlem5ts )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & 9 ,augu/1 #ahjj1 its fir/ mission>y1 ,david ,bacon1 engag$ at a sal>y ( "o hundr$ & t5 c5ts p] day1 set out = ! wild]ness s\? & we/ ( ,lake ,erie1 afoot & alone1 ) no m luggage ?an he c\ld c>ry on 8 p]son1 to visit ! wild tribes ( t region1 to explore _! situation1 & le>n _! feel+s ) respect to ,*ri/ianity1 &1 s f> z he _h opportunity1 to tea* !m its doctr9es & duties4 ,! "n =ms a l9k 9 ! bright succession f ,john ,eliot to ?is day4 ,b x mu/ ne$s be t "s suff] z victims ( ! inexp]i5ce ( ^? :o are fir/ to take direction ( an untri$ ent]prise4 ,! ab&onm5t ( its fir/ mission>y by "o ( ! fir/ mission>y societies1 leav+ him helpless 9 ! wild]ness1 0 a brief lesson 9 ! economy ( missions opportunely giv5 at ! outset ( ! ,am]ican mission "w1 & happily _h no ne$ to be repeat$4#bdg3a ,david ,bacon1 l ,h5ry ,m>tyn1 :o at t same "t1 9 f> diff]5t surr\nd+s1 0 int5t ^u 8 plans ( mission "w 9 ,india1 0 own son 9 ! fai? to ,david ,bra9]d4 ,b !y 7 eld] sons 9 a great family4 ,! pa!tic /ory ( t h]oic y\?1 z told by ,jona?an ,edw>ds1 0 a classic at t "t 9 almo/ e c\ntry p>sonage2 b its influ5ce 0 especially felt 9 ! colleges1 n[ no long]1 z a few ye>s e>li]1 ! seats ( ! scornful1 b ! homes ( s]i\s & religi\s le>n+ :i* !y 7 meant to be by _! f\nd]s4 ,( ! advancem5t ( ,*ri/ian civilization 9 ! fir/ qu>t]-c5tury f ! a*ievem5t ( indep5d5ce !re is no m di/+ui%$ monum5t ?an ! increase1 ?r\gh ^? tr\bl$ & impov]i%$ ye>s1 ( ! in/itutions ( secul> & sacr$ le>n+4 ,! really successful & effective colleges t _h surviv$ f ! colonial p]iod 7 h>dly a half-doz54 ,up to #ahaj ^! _h be5 re9=c$ by z _m m4 ,by f> ! great] numb] ( !m 7 f\nd$ by ! ,new ,engl& ,congregationali/s1 to :om ?is has ev] be5 a favorite field ( activity4 ,b special honor mu/ be paid to ! wise & c\rage\s & nobly successful ent]prise ( l>ge-m9d$ & l>ge-he>t$ m5 among ! ,bapti/s1 :o z e>ly z #agfd1 boldly brea/+ a curr5t ( unwor?y prejudice 9 _! own d5om9ation1 began ! "w ( ,br[n ,univ]sity at ,provid5ce1 :i*1 c>ri$ =w>d by a notable succession ( great educators1 has be5 set 9 ! front rank ( exi/+ ,am]ican in/itutions ( le>n+4 ,aft] ! revivals ( #ahjj ^! ,*ri/ian colleges 7 n only att5d$ by /ud5ts com+ f zeal\s & f]vid *ur*es2 !y !mselves became ! foci f :i* high & noble spiritual influ5ces 7 radiat$ ?r\gh ! l&4 ,x 0 9 communities l ^! t ! example ( su* lives z t ( ,bra9]d /irr$ up g5]\s "y m9ds to a *ivalr\s & ev5 ascetic delight 9 attempt+ great labors & endur+ great sacrifices z soldi]s "u ! ,capta9 ( salvation4 ,x 0 at ,williams ,college1 !n j plant$ 9 ! ,b]k%ire hills1 t a little cot]ie ( /ud5ts 0 =m$ :i*1 = ! gr&eur ( ! consequ5ces t fl[$ f x1 is wor?y to be nam$ 9 hi/ory beside ! ,holy ,club ( ,ox=d 9 #agcj1 & ! fri5ds at ,oriel ,college 9 #ahcj4 ,samuel ,j4 ,mills came to ,williams ,college 9 #ahjf f ! p>sonage ( ,fa!r ,mills ( ,torr+=d1 conc]n+ :om qua9t traditions & ev5 memories /ill l+] 9 ! neighbor+ p>i%es ( ,lit*field ,c\nty1 ,connecticut4 ,ar\nd ?is "y /ud5t ga!r$ a circle ( m5 l-m9d$4 ,! %ade ( a lonely hay/ack 0 _! oratory2 ! pl$ges by :i* !y b\nd !mselves to a life-"w = ! k+dom ( heav5 rem9d "o ( ! mutual v[s ( ! e>lie/ fri5ds ( ,loyola4 ,"s ( ! y\?s w5t soon to ! !ological sem9>y1 & at once leav5$ t community ) _! own _s4 ,! sem9>y--!re 0 only "o 9 all ,prote/ant ,am]ica4 ,z e>ly z #agia ! ,sulpitian fa!rs _h organiz$ _! sem9>y at ,baltimore4 ,b x 0 n until #ahjh t any in/itution = !ological /udies 0 op5 to c&idates = ! ,prote/ant m9i/ry4 ,up to t "t su* /udies 7 made 9 ! regul> college curriculum1 :i* 0 di/9ctly !ological 9 "*2 & x 0 common = ! graduate to sp5d an additional ye> at ! college = special /udy "u ! presid5t or ! "o pr(essor ( div9ity4 ,b _m c\ntry p>sonages t 7 t5ant$ by m5 ( fame z writ]s & tea*]s 7 greatly frequ5t$ by "y m5 prep>+ !mselves = ! "w ( prea*+4 ,! *ange to ! mod]n me?od ( education = ! m9i/ry 0 a sudd5 "o4 ,x 0 precipitat$ by an ev5t :i* has n ev5 yet ceas$ to be look$ on by ! los+ p>ty ) hone/ lam5tation & ) an unnecess>y am\nt ( sect>ian acrimony4 ,! div9ity pr(essor%ip 9 ,h>v>d ,college1 f\nd$ 9 #agbbbdi3a by ,?omas ,hollis1 ( ,london1 a ,bapti/ fri5d ( ,new ,engl&1 0 fill$1 aft] a long /ruggle & an impassion$ prote/1 by ! election ( ,h5ry ,w>e1 an av[$ & repres5tative ,unit>ian4 ,x 0 a di/9ct ann\ncem5t t ! gov]nm5t ( ! college _h tak5 sides 9 ! imp5d+ conflict1 9 opposition to ! sy/em ( religi\s doctr9e to ! ma9t5ance ( :i* ! college _h f its f\ndation be5 devot$4 ,! significance ( ! fact 0 n mi/ak5 by ei!r p>ty4 ,x meant t ! two t5d5cies :i* _h be5 recognizable f long be=e ! ,great ,awak5+ 7 draw+ asund]1 & t !nce=? x mu/ be expect$ t ! va/ influ5ce ( ! v5]able college1 9 ! cl]gy & 9 society1 w\ld be giv5 to ! ,lib]al side4 ,! dismay ( "o p>ty & ! exultation ( ! o!r 7 alike well gr\nd$4 ,! cry ( ! ,or?odox 0 ,to y\r t5ts1 ,o ,israel6 ,l9es ( ecclesia/ical non-int]c\rse 7 drawn4 ,*ur* 0 divid$ f *ur*1 & family f family4 ,:5 ! =ces & ! losses on ea* side came to be reckon$ up1 !re 0 a d\ble wond]3 ,fir/1 at ! n>r[ b\nd>ies by :i* ! ,unit>ian defection 0 circumscrib$3 ,a radius ( ?irty-five miles f ,bo/on z a c5t] w\ld sweep almo/ ! :ole field ( its hi/ory & influ5ce2#bej3a & !n at ! sweep+ complet5ess ( x )9 ^! b\nds2 z ,mrs4 ,h4 ,b4 ,/[e summ$ up ! situation at ,bo/on1 ,all ! lit]>y m5 ( ,massa*usetts 7 ,unit>ian2 all ! tru/ees & pr(essors ( ,h>v>d ,college 7 ,unit>ian2 all ! elite ( weal? & fa%ion cr[d$ ,unit>ian *ur*es2 ! judges on ! b5* 7 ,unit>ian1 giv+ decisions by :i* ! peculi> features ( *ur* organization s c>efully ord]$ by ! ,pilgrim ,fa!rs _h be5 nullifi$ & all ! p[] _h pass$ into ! h&s ( ! congregation4#bej3b ,! s*ism1 ) its acrimonies & he>tburn+s1 0 d\btless 9 "s s5se necess>y4 ,& x 0 att5d$ ) "s b5efic5t consequ5ces4 ,x gave rise to in/ructive & illum9at+ debate4 ,& on ! "p ( ! ,or?odox x occasion$ an outbur/ ( e>ne/ zeal :i* 9 a wond]fully %ort "t _h m ?an repair$ _! loss 9 numb]s1 & _h />t$ !m on a c>e] ( wide b5efic5ce1 ) a mom5tum t has be5 increas+ to ?is day4 ,b x is n altoge!r useless to put ! "q h[ mu* 0 lo/ to bo? p>ties & to ! common cause by ! sep>ation4 ,x is n difficult to conceive t su* dogg$ polemics z ,na?anael ,emmons & ,j$idiah ,morse might h be5 none ! worse = be+ held 9 "s sort ( fell[%ip1 r ?an 9 exasp]at$ controv]sy1 ) su* types ( ,*ri/ian sa9?ood z ! y\ng] ,w>e & ! y\ng] ,buckm9/]2 & x is easy to imag9e ! extreme culture & cool intellectual & spiritual temp] ( ! ,unit>ian pulpit 9 g5]al z f9d+ its advantage 9 n be+ cut (f f direct radiations f ! fi]y zeal ( ,lyman ,bee*] & ,edw>d ,dorr ,griff94 ,is x q sure t ,new ,engl& ,congregationalism w\ld h be5 9 all respects worse (f if ,*ann+ & 8 fri5ds _h cont9u$ to be recogniz$ z ! ,lib]al w+ ( its cl]gy8 or t ! ,unit>ian m9i/]s w\ld n h be5 a great deal bett] (f if !y _h rema9$ 9 connection ) a /rong & cons]vative "r w+1 :i* might c\nt]balance ! exorbitant leftw>d flights ( _! m impati5t & erratic spirits8 ,! seat+ ( a pron\nc$ ,unit>ian 9 ! ,hollis *air ( !ology at ,h>v>d took place 9 #ahje4 ,?ree ye>s lat]1 9 #ahjh1 ! doors ( ,&ov] ,sem9>y 7 op5$ to /ud5ts4 ,?irty-six 7 pres5t1 & ! numb] w5t on increas+4 ,! example 0 quickly foll[$4 ,9 #ahaj ! ,dut* sem9>y 0 begun at ,new ,brunswick1 & 9 #ahab ! ,presbyt]ian at ,pr9ceton4 ,9 #ahaf ,bangor ,sem9>y 7,congregationali/7 & ,h>twick ,sem9>y 7,lu!ran7 7 op5$4 ,9 #ahai ! ,episcopalian ,g5]al ,sem9>y foll[$1 & ! ,bapti/ ,hamilton ,sem9>y 9 #ahbj4 ,9 #ahba ,presbyt]ian sem9>ies 7 begun at ,auburn1 ,n4 ,y41 & ,m>ysville1 ,t5n4 ,9 #ahbb ! ,yale ,div9ity ,college 0 f\nd$ 7,congregationali/72 9 #ahbc ! ,virg9ia 7,episcopalian7 sem9>y at ,alex&ria2 9 #ahbd ! ,union 7,presbyt]ian7 ,sem9>y1 also 9 ,virg9ia1 & ! ,unit>ian sem9>y at ,cambridge2 9 #ahbe ! ,bapti/ sem9>y at ,newton1 ,mass41 & ! ,g]man ,re=m$ at ,york1 ,pa42 9 #ahbf ! ,lu!ran at ,gettysburg2 9 #ahbg ! ,bapti/ at ,rock ,spr+1 ,ill4 ,?us1 )9 a p]iod ( tw5ty ye>s1 sev5te5 !ological s*ools _h come into exi/5ce :]e none _h be5 kn[n be=e4 ,x 0 a swift & b5efic5t revolution1 & ! revolution has nev] gone backw>d4 ,9 #ahhj 7 enum]at$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates no less ?an "o hundr$ & =ty-two sem9>ies1 repres5t+ all sects1 ord]s1 & s*ools ( !ological op9ion1 employ+ five hundr$ & tw5ty-n9e resid5t pr(essors4#beb3a ,to ,&ov]1 9 ! v fir/ ye>s ( its great hi/ory1 came ,mills & o!rs ( ! little ,williams ,college circle2 & at once _! infecti\s en?usiasm = ! advancem5t ( ! k+dom ( ,god 0 felt ?r\gh\t ! in/itution4 ,! eag] zeal ( ^! "y m5 brook$ no delay4 ,9 ,june1 #ahaj1 ! ,g5]al ,association ( ,massa*usetts met at ! neighbor+ t[n ( ,brad=d2 !re f\r ( ! /ud5ts1 ,judson1 ,nott1 ,newell1 & ,hall1 pres5t$ !mselves & _! cause2 & at t meet+ 0 con/itut$ ! ,am]ican ,bo>d ( ,commission]s = ,=eign ,missions4 ,! little fai? ( ! *ur*es %rank f ! responsibility ( su/a9+ mission>ies 9 ! field1 & ,judson 0 s5t to ,engl& to solicit ! cooep]ation ( ! ,london ,mission>y ,society4 ,?is ef=t happily fail+1 ! burd5 came back ^u ! ,am]ican *ur*es & 0 n refus$4 ,at la/1 9 ,febru>y1 #ahab1 ! fir/ ,am]ican mission>ies to a =eign c\ntry1 ,messrs4 ,judson1 ,rice1 ,newell1 ,nott1 & ,hall1 ) _! wives1 sail$1 9 two p>ties1 = ,calcutta4 ,& n[ befell an incid5t p]plex+1 emb>rass+1 & di%e>t5+ to ! support]s ( ! mission1 b att5d$ ) results = ! promotion ( ! gospel to :i* _! be/ wisdom nev] c\ld h atta9$4 ,adoniram ,judson1 a graduate ( ,br[n ,univ]sity1 hav+ sp5t ! long mon?s at sea 9 ! dilig5t & dev\t /udy ( ! ,scriptures1 arriv$ at ,calcutta fully p]suad$ ( ! tru? ( ,bapti/ pr9ciples4 ,8 fri5d1 ,lu!r ,rice1 arriv+ by ! o!r vessel1 came by & by to ! same conclusion2 & ! two1 ) _! wives1 7 baptiz$ by imm]sion 9 ! ,bapti/ *ur* at ,calcutta4 ,! ann\ncem5t ( ?is news 9 ,am]ica 0 an irresi/ible appeal to ! already p[]ful & rapidly gr[+ ,bapti/ d5om9ation to assume ! support ( ! two mission>ies :o n[ (f]$ !mselves to ! s]vice ( ! ,bapti/ *ur*es4 ,rice return$ to urge ! appeal on _! imm$iate att5tion1 :ile ,judson rema9$ to ent] on t noble apo/olate = :i* 8 praise is 9 all ! *ur*es4 ,to ! widespread ,bapti/ fell[%ip ?is sudd51 unmi/akable1 & imp]ative provid5tial summons to engage 9 ! "w ( =eign missions 0 7x is h>dly too mu* to say7 l life f ! dead4 ,! sect _h d\bl$ its numb]s 9 ! decade j pass$1 & 0 e/imat$ to include two hundr$ ?\s& communicants1 all baptiz$ believ]s4 ,b ?is multitude 0 )\t common organization1 &1 :ile abundantly end[$ ) sect>ian animosities1 0 s+ul>ly lack+ 9 a consci\sness ( common spiritual life4 ,x 0 p]vad$ by a deadly fatalism1 :i*1 "u ! guise ( rev]5ce = ! w ( ,god1 0 op5ly plead$ z a reason = ab/a9+ f ef=t & self-d5ial 9 ! promotion ( ! gospel4 ,)al x 0 widely *>act]iz$ n only by a lack ( education 9 its m9i/ry1 b by a viol5t & brutal opposition to a le>n$ cl]gy1 :i* 0 p>ticul>ly /range 9 a p>ty ! moiety ( ^: pr9ciples dep5ds on a po9t 9 ,greek lexicology4 ,x 0 to a p>ty--we may n say a body--deeply & widely affect$ by traits l ^! t ! div9e call 0 to be pres5t$ & urg$4 ,! mess5g] 0 well fitt$ = 8 "w4 ,to ! zeal ( a new conv]t to ,bapti/ pr9ciples1 & a mission>y f]vor deep5$ by rec5t contact ) idolatry 9 "s ( its mo/ repulsive =ms1 ,lu!r ,rice unit$ a cultivat$ eloqu5ce & a p]sonal p]suasiv5ess4 ,( c\rse 8 fir/ address 0 to pa/ors & congregations 9 ! seabo>d cities1 unexcell$ by any1 ( :atev] "n1 = intellig5t & reasonable piety2 & "h 8 task 0 easy & brief1 = !y 7 already ( 8 m9d4 ,b ! great mass ( ignorance & prejudice _h also to be reckon$ )4 ,by a "w 9 :i* ! influ5ce ( ! div9e ,_s 0 q z manife/ z 9 ! convulsive agitations ( a camp-meet+1 x 0 dealt ) successfully4 ,*ur* hi/ory mov$ swiftly 9 ^? days4 ,! news ( ! accession ( ,judson & ,rice 0 receiv$ 9 ,janu>y1 #ahac4 ,9 ,may1 #ahad1 ! ,g5]al ,mission>y ,conv5tion ( ! ,bapti/s 0 organiz$ at ,philadelphia1 ?irty-?ree delegates be+ pres5t1 f elev5 diff]5t ,/ates4 ,! ,conv5tion1 :i* 0 to meet tri5nially1 ent]$ at once ^u its "w4 ,x became a vital c5t] to ! ,bapti/ d5om9ation4 ,f x1 at its second meet+1 proce$$ effective measures = ! promotion ( education 9 ! m9i/ry1 &1 "u ! conviction t we/]n z well z ea/]n regions are giv5 to ! ,son ( ,god z an inh]itance1 l>ge plans = home missions at ! ,we/4 ,?us ! great debt :i* ! ,engli% ,congregationali/s _h ow$ to ! ,bapti/s = h]oic lead]%ip 9 ! "w ( =eign missions 0 repaid ) g5]\s usury by ! ,congregationali/s to ! ,bapti/s ( ,am]ica4 ,f ?is "t =w>d ! ,am]ican ,bapti/s came m & m to be felt z a salut>y =ce 9 ! religi\s life ( ! nation & ! _w4 ,b aga9/ :at bitt] & furi\s opposition on ! "p ( ! anci5t ignorance ! new light _h to /ruggle _c easily be conceiv$ by ^? :o h only he>d ( ! ,h>d-,%ell ,bapti/ z a curi\s fossil ( a prehi/oric p]iod4#bee3a ,! ,am]ican ,bo>d ( ,commission]s = ,=eign ,missions cont9u$ = tw5ty-sev5 ye>s to be ! common organ ( =eign mission>y op]ations = ! ,congregationali/s1 ! ,presbyt]ians1 & ! ,dut* & ,g]man ,re=m$ *ur*es4 ,9 ! ye> #ahcg an (ficial ,presbyt]ian ,bo>d ( ,missions 0 erect$ by ! ,old-,s*ool fragm5t ( ! disrupt$ ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*2 & to ?is1 :5 ! two fragm5ts 7 reunit$1 9 #ahfi1 ! contributions ( ! ,new-,s*ool side began to be transf]r$4 ,9 #aheh ! ,dut* *ur*1 & 9 #ahgi ! ,g]man *ur*1 in/itut$ _! sep>ate mission op]ations4 ,?us ! initiative ( ! ,&ov] /ud5ts 9 #ahaj result$ 9 ! erection1 n ( "o mission bo>d1 timidly v5tur+ to set five mission>ies 9 ! =eign field1 b ( five bo>ds1 ^: total annual res\rces are c\nt$ by millions ( doll>s1 ^: evangeli/s1 m5 & wom51 ,am]ican & =eign-born1 are a great army1 & ^: *ur*es1 s*ools1 colleges1 !ological sem9>ies1 hospitals1 pr9t+-presses1 ) ! o!r equipm5ts ( a ,*ri/ian civilization1 & ! myriads ( ^: fai?ful ,*ri/ian conv]ts1 9 e c\ntry "u ! :ole heav51 h done m = ! true honor ( our nation ?an all t x has a*iev$ 9 diplomacy & w>4#bee3b ,! ,episcopalians ent]$ on =eign mission "w 9 #ahai1 & ! ,me?odi/s1 t>dily b at la/ ) signal effici5cy & success1 9 #ahcb4 ,no consid]able sect ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ians at ! pres5t day is unrepres5t$ 9 ! =eign field4 ,9 ord] to complete ! hi/ory ( ?is organiz+ era 9 ! *ur*1 we mu/ return to ! humble b memorable figure ( ,samuel ,j4 ,mills4 ,x 0 8 *>act]i/ic ^w to "o ( 8 fell[s1 z !y /ood ready to leave ! seclusion ( ! sem9>y = active s]vice1 ,y & ,i1 bro!r1 are little m51 b be=e we die1 our influ5ce mu/ be felt on ! o!r side ( ! _w4 ,no "o claim$ t he 0 o!r ?an a little man1 except z he 0 fill$ & possess$ ) a great ?\ght1 & t ! ?\ght t fill$ ! m9d ( ,*ri/--! ?\ght ( ! ,com+ ,age & ( ! ,reign ( ,god on e>?4#bef3a ,:ile 8 five companions 7 sail+ = ! remote/ ,ea/1 ,mills plung$ into ! dep? ( ! we/]n wild]ness1 & betwe5 #ahab & #ahae1 9 two toilsome j\rneys1 trav]s$ ! ,great ,valley z f> z ,new ,orleans1 deeply impress$ ev]y:]e ) ! fam9e ( ! ^w1 & labor+1 9 cooep]ation ) local societies at ! ,ea/1 to provide = ! univ]sal want by ! sale or gift ( ,bibles & ! organization ( ,bible societies4 ,aft] 8 second return he propos$ ! organization ( ! ,am]ican ,bible ,society1 :i* 0 accompli%$ 9 #ahaf4 ,b already ?is nobly ent]pris+ m9d 0 int5t on a new plan1 ( mo/ f>-rea*+ importance1 n orig9al ) himself1 b1 on ! contr>y1 long famili> to ^? :o /udi$ ! ext5sion ( ! *ur* & pond]$ ! indications ( ,god's provid5tial purposes4 ,! e>lie/ attempt 9 ,am]ica t[>d ! propagation ( ! gospel 9 =eign l&s w\ld seem to h be5 ! circul> lett] s5t out by ! neighbor pa/ors1 ,samuel ,hopk9s & ,ezra ,/iles1 9 ! ye> #aggc1 f ,newport1 *ief seat ( ! slave-trade1 ask+ contributions = ! education ( two color$ m5 z mission>ies to _! native cont95t ( ,africa4 ,to _m g5]\s m9ds at once1 9 ?is era ( great ,*ri/ian ent]prises1 ! ?\ght recurr$ ( va/ bless+s to be wr\ght = ! ,d>k ,cont95t by ! ag5cy ( color$ m5 ,*ri/ianiz$1 civiliz$1 & educat$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,good m5 rev]5tly hop$ to see 9 ?is triumphant solution ( ! my/]y ( div9e provid5ce 9 p]mitt+ ! curse ( ,african slav]y1 ?r\gh ! cruel gre$ ( m51 to be inflict$ on ! ,am]ican republic4 ,9 #ahaf ,mills successfully press$ ^u ! ,presbyt]ian ,synod ( ,new ,york & ,new ,j]sey a plan = educat+ ,*ri/ian m5 ( color = ! "w ( ! gospel 9 _! fa!rl&4 ,t same ye>1 9 cooep]ation ) an e>ne/ philan?ropi/1 ,dr4 ,rob]t ,f9ley1 ( ,new ,j]sey1 he aid$ 9 ! in/itut+ ( ! ,am]ican ,colonization ,society4 ,9 #ahag he sail$1 9 company ) a colleague1 ! ,rev4 ,eb5ez] ,burgess1 to explore ! coa/ ( ,africa 9 se>* ( ! be/ site = a colony4 ,on ! return voyage he di$1 & 8 body 0 committ$ to ! sea3 a little man1 to :om 7 grant$ only five ye>s ( :at m5 call active life2 b he _h fulfill$ 8 v[1 & ! ends ( ! e>? _h felt 8 influ5ce = ! advancem5t ( ! k+dom ( ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! ent]prise ( ,african colonization1 already de> to ,*ri/ian he>ts = ! hopes t x involv$ ( ! r$emption ( a lo/ cont95t1 ( ! elevation ( an oppress$ race 9 ,am]ica1 ( ! emancipation ( slaves & ! abolition ( slav]y1 receiv$ a new consecration z ! object ( ! dy+ labors & pray]s ( ,mills4 ,x 0 associat$1 9 ! m9ds ( good m51 n only ) plans = ! conv]sion ( ! hea!n1 & ) ! tide ( antislav]y s5tim5t n[ spread+ & deep5+ bo? at ! ,s\? & at ! ,nor?1 b also ) ,cl>kson societies & o!r local organizations1 9 _m diff]5t places1 = ! moral & physical elevation ( ! free color$ p f ! pitiable degradation 9 :i* !y 7 commonly liv+ 9 ! l>g] t[ns4 ,altoge!r ! wat*m5 on ! walls ( ,zion saw no fair] sign ( dawn1 9 t second decade ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 ?an ! hopeful lift+ ( ! cl\d f ,africa1 ! bright5+ prospects ( ! free negroes ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ! gr[+ hope ( ! abolition ( ,am]ican slav]y4#beh3a ,o!r societies1 national 9 _! scope & con/itu5cy1 ! orig9 ( :i* belongs 9 ?is organiz+ p]iod1 are ! ,am]ican ,education ,society 7#ahae71 ! ,am]ican ,sunday-s*ool ,union 7#ahbd71 ! ,am]ican ,tract ,society 7#ahbe71 ! ,seam5's ,fri5d ,society 7#ahbf71 & ! ,am]ican ,home ,mission>y ,society 7#ahbf71 9 :i* la/ ! ,congregationali/s ( ,new ,engl& cooep]at$ ) ! ,presbyt]ians on ! basis ( a ,plan ( ,union ent]$ into betwe5 ! ,g5]al ,assembly & ! ,g5]al ,association ( ,connecticut1 ! t5d5cy ( :i* 0 to re9=ce ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* ) ! numb]s & ! vigor ( ! ,new ,engl& we/w>d migration4 ,( c\rse ! e/abli%m5t ( ^! & o!r societies = b5efic5t "w outside ( sect>ian l9es did n h9d]1 b r /imulat$1 sect>ian organizations = ! l objects4 ,! :ole ,am]ican *ur*1 9 all its ord]s1 0 gird+ itself = a "w1 at home & abroad1 ! imm5se gr&eur ( :i* no man ( t g5]ation c\ld possibly h =ese54 ,! gr&eur ( ?is "w 0 to consi/ n only 9 ! results ( x1 b 9 ! res\rces ( x4 ,z nev] be=e1 ! sympa?ies1 pray]s1 & p]sonal cooep]ation ( all ,*ri/ians1 ev5 ! feeble/1 7 to be comb9$ & utiliz$ = ent]prises coext5sive ) ! cont95t & ! _w & tak+ hold on et]nity4 ,! possibilities ( ! new era 7 dazzl+ to ! prophetic imag9ation4 ,a "y m9i/] !n /&+ on ! ?re%old ( a long c>e] exult$ 9 ! peculi> & excell+ glory ( ! dawn+ day3 ,surely1 if x is ! noble/ attribute ( our nature t spreads out ! circle ( our sympa?ies to include ! :ole family ( man1 & s5ds =? our affections to embrace ! ages ( a di/ant futurity1 x mu/ be reg>d$ z a privilege no less exalt$ t our means ( do+ good are limit$ by no remot5ess ( c\ntry or di/ance ( duration1 b we may op]ate1 if we w1 to assuage ! mis]ies ( ano!r hemisph]e1 or to prev5t ! necessities ( an unborn g5]ation4 ,! "t has be5 :5 a man might weep ov] ! wrongs ( ,africa1 & he might look =w>d to weep ov] ! hopelessness ( h] degradation1 till 8 he>t %\ld ble$2 & yet 8 te>s w\ld be all t he c\ld give h]4 ,he might relieve ! begg> at 8 door1 b he c\ld d no?+ = a dy+ cont95t4 ,he might provide = 8 *ildr51 b he c\ld d no?+ = ! nations t 7 yet to be born to an inh]itance ( utt] wret*$ness4 ,!n ! privilege ( engag+ 9 s*emes ( magnific5t b5evol5ce belong$ only to pr9ces & to m5 ( pr9cely possessions2 b n[ ! progress ( improvem5t has br\ght d[n ?is privilege to ! rea* ( e individual4 ,! in/itutions ( our age are a republic ( b5evol5ce1 & all may %>e 9 ! unre/ra9$ & equal democracy4 ,?is privilege is ours4 ,we may /ret* =? our h&1 if we w1 to enlight5 ! ,h9du or to tame ! savage ( ! wild]ness4 ,x is ours1 if we w1 to put =? our contributions & ?us to op]ate n ineffectually = ! relief & r5ovation ( a cont95t ov] :i* "o tide ( mis]y has swept )\t ebb & )\t re/ra9t = unrememb]$ c5turies4 ,x is ours1 if we w1 to d some?+ t %all tell on all ! com+ ages ( a race :i* has be5 p]secut$ & enslav$1 trodd5 d[n & despis$1 = a ?\s& g5]ations4 ,our ,fa!r has made u ! almon]s ( 8 love4 ,he has rais$ u to p>take1 z x 71 9 ! ubiquity ( 8 own b5efic5ce4 ,%all we be unwor?y ( ! tru/8 ,god =bid6#bfj3a ,,footnotes3 #bdg3a ,life ( ,david ,bacon1 by 8 son 7,bo/on1 #ahgf74 #bdi3a ,comp>e ! claim ( priority = ! ,dut* *ur*1 p4 #ha1 note4 #bej3a ,j4 ,h4 ,all51 ,! ,unit>ians1 p4 #aid4 #bej3b ,autobiography ( ,l4 ,bee*]1 p4 #aaj4 #beb3a ,h]zog-,s*aff ,encyclop$ia1 pp4 #bcbh-bcca4 #bee3a ,! ,bapti/s1 by ,dr4 ,a4 ,h4 ,newman1 pp4 #cgi-ddb4 #bee3b ,i h omitt$ f ?is li/ ( results 9 ! direct l9e f ! inception at ,&ov]1 9 #ahaj1 ! ,am]ican ,mission>y ,association4 ,x ow$ its orig91 9 #ahdf1 to ! dissatisfaction felt by a consid]able numb] ( ! support]s ( ! ,am]ican ,bo>d ) ! attitude ( t in/itution on "s ( ! que/ions aris+ incid5tally to ! antislav]y discussion4 ,its =eign missions1 nev] ext5sive1 7 transf]r$ to o!r h&s1 at ! close ( ! ,civil ,w>1 t x might devote itself :olly to its great & successful "w among ! oppress$ races at home4 #bef3a ,x may be wor? consid]+ h[ f> ! c\rse ( religi\s & !ological ?\ght w\ld h be5 modifi$ if ! ,engli% ,new ,te/am5t _h us$ ^! phrases in/ead ( ,_w to ,come & ,k+dom ( ,god4 #beh3a ,! color$ ,bapti/s ( ,ri*mond ent]$ eag]ly into ! ,colonization project1 & 9 #ahbb _! ,african ,mission>y ,society s5t out its mission to ! "y colony ( ,lib]ia4 ,"o ( _! mission>ies 0 ! ,rev4 ,lott ,c>y1 ! dignity ( ^: "* & c>e] 0 an enc\ragem5t ( 8 p 9 _! highe/ aspirations1 & a confirmation ( ! hopes ( _! fri5ds 7,newman1 ,! ,bapti/s1 p4 #djb2 ,gurley1 ,life ( ,a%mun1 pp4 #adg-afj74 #bfj3a ,leon>d ,bacon1 ,a ,plea = ,africa1 9 ! ,p>k ,/reet ,*ur*1 ,bo/on1 ,july #d1 #ahbd4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,conflicts ,,( ,,! ,,*ur* ,,) ,,public ,,wrongs4 ,! transition f e/abli%m5t to ! volunt>y sy/em = ! support ( *ur*es 0 made n )\t "s difficulty1 b ) surpris+ly little4 ,9 ! ,s\? ! e/abli%$ *ur*es 7 practically dead be=e ! laws e/abli%+ !m 7 repeal$ & ! end[m5ts dispos$ (4 ,9 ,new ,york ! ,episcopalian *ur*es 7 inde$ depress$ & disc\rag$ by ! ceas+ ( ,/ate support & (ficial patronage2 & inasmu* z ^!1 ) ! subsidies ( ! ,s4 ,p4 ,g41 _h be5 _! ma9 reliance1 x 0 inevitable t !y %\ld pass ?r\gh a p]iod ( pro/ration until ! appreciation ( _! l>ge end[m5ts1 & ! progress ( immigration & ( conv]sion f o!r sects1 & especially ! awak5+ ( religi\s e>ne/ness & ( sect>ian ambition4 ,9 ,new ,engl& ! transition to ! volunt>y sy/em 0 m gradual4 ,n till #ahah 9 ,connecticut1 & 9 ,massa*usetts n till #ahcd1 0 ! la/ /r& ( connection sev]$ betwe5 ! *ur*es ( ! /&+ ord] & ! /ate1 & ! *ur*es left solely to _! own res\rces4 ,! exaltation & div9e inspiration t _h come to ^! *ur*es ) ! revivals :i* f ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury 7 nev] = a long "t int]mitt$1 & ! example ( ! diss5t+ congregations1 ,bapti/1 ,episcopalian1 & ,me?odi/1 successfully self-support$ among !m1 made x easy = !m1 not)/&+ ! misgiv+s ( _m good m51 n only to assume ! entire burd5 ( _! own exp5ses1 b ) ?is to und]take & c>ry =w>d great & co/ly ent]prises ( *>ity rea*+ to ! b\nds ( ! c\ntry & ( ! inhabit$ e>?4 ,x is idle to claim t ! ,am]ican sy/em is at no disadvantage 9 comp>ison ) t :i* else:]e prevails almo/ ?r\gh\t ,*ri/5dom2 b x may be safely ass]t$ t ! dang] t has be5 mo/ emphasiz$ z a w>n+ aga9/ ! volunt>y sy/em has n att5d$ ?is sy/em 9 ,am]ica4 ,! fe> t a cl]gy support$ by ! free gifts ( ! p w\ld prove subs]vi5t & truckl+ to ! h& by :i* x is f$ has be5 prov$ gr\ndless4 ,( c\rse !re h be5 "t-s]v]s 9 ! ,am]ican m9i/ry1 z 9 e o!r2 b flagrant in/ances ( ! abasem5t ( a :ole body ( cl]gy be=e ! p[] t holds ! purse & controls promotion are to be s\ght 9 ! old c\ntries r ?an ! new4 ,ev5 selfi% motives w\ld op]ate aga9/ ?is temptation1 s9ce x has (t5 be5 demon/rat$ t ! p w n su/a9 a m9i/ry :i* x suspects ( ! vice ( subs]vi5cy4 ,! annals ( no e/abli%$ *ur* c %[ su* unsp>+ fidelity ( ! m9i/ry 9 rebuk+ ! s9s ( p & ( rul]s 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l1 z t :i* has be51 on ! :ole1 *>act]i/ic ( ! ,*ri/ian m9i/]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,among ! conflicts ( ! ,am]ican *ur* ) public wrongs /rongly intr5*$ 9 law or social usage1 two are ( su* magnitude & protract$ ?r\gh s long a p]iod z to dem& special consid]ation--! conflict ) drunk5ness & ! conflict ) slav]y4 ,"s less conspicu\s illu/rations ( ! fidelity ( ! *ur* 9 ! case ( public & popul> s9s may be m briefly ref]r$ to4 ,! dea? ( ,alex&] ,hamilton1 9 ,july1 #ahjd1 9 a duel ) ,a>on ,burr1 occasion$ a wide & viol5t outbur/ ( indignation aga9/ ! murd]]1 n[ a fugitive & outca/1 = ! da/>dly malignity ( ! details ( 8 crime1 & = ! dignity & g5]osity z well z ! public wor? ( 8 victim4 ,?is 0 ! sort ( explosion ( excit$ public feel+ :i* (t5 loses itself 9 ! air4 ,x 0 a diff]5t matt] :5 ! *ur*es & m9i/]s ( ,*ri/ took up ! affair 9 ! light ( ! law ( ,god1 &1 deal+ n ) ! circum/ances b ) ! ess5ce ( x1 press$ x inexorably on ! consci5ce ( ! p4 ,"s ( ! mo/ memorable words 9 ,am]ican lit]ature 7 utt]$ on ?is occasion1 not)/&+ t !re 7 few congregations 9 :i* !re 7 n sore consci5ces to be irritat$ or political anxieties to be set quak+ by !m4 ,! names ( ,eliphalet ,nott & ,john ,m4 ,mason 7 honorably conspicu\s 9 ?is "w4 ,b "o unkn[n "y man ( ?irty1 9 a corn] ( ,long ,isl&1 utt]$ words 9 8 little c\ntry meet+-h\se t prick$ ! consci5ce ( ! nation4 ,! words ( ,lyman ,bee*] on ?is !me may well be quot$ z be+ a "p ( hi/ory1 = ! consequ5ces t foll[$ !m4 ,duel+ is a great national s94 ,) ! exception ( a small section ( ! ,union1 ! :ole l& is defil$ ) blood4 ,f ! lakes ( ! ,nor? to ! pla9s ( ,georgia is he>d ! voice ( lam5tation & woe--! cries ( ! wid[ & fa!rless4 ,?is "w ( desolation is p]=m$ (t5 by m5 9 (fice1 by ! appo9t$ gu>dians ( life & lib]ty4 ,on ! floor ( ,congress *all5ges h be5 ?reat5$1 if n giv51 & ?us p[d] & ball h be5 introduc$ z ! auxili>ies ( delib]ation & argum5t4444 ,we are murd]]s--a nation ( murd]]s--:ile we tol]ate & rew>d ! p]petrators ( ! crime4 ,words su* z ^! res\nd+ f pulpit aft] pulpit1 multipli$ & dissem9at$ by means ( ! press1 act$ on by repres5tative bodies ( *ur*es1 becom+ embodi$ 9 anti-duel+ societies1 exorcis$ ! f\l _s f ! l&4 ,! crim9al folly ( duel+ did n1 inde$1 at once & altoge!r cease4 ,in/ances ( x cont9ue to be he>d ( to ?is day4 ,b ! consci5ce ( ! nation 0 in/ruct$1 & a w>n+ 0 s]v$ ^u political p>ties to bew>e ( propos+ = national honors m5 ^: h&s 7 defil$ ) blood4#bfd3a ,ano!r in/ance ( ! fidelity ( ! *ur* 9 resi/ance to public wrong 0 its action 9 ! matt] ( ! deal+ ( ! ,/ate ( ,georgia & ! national gov]nm5t t[>d ! ,georgia ,indians4 ,?is is no place = ! details ( ! %ameful /ory ( p]fidy & oppression4 ,x is well told by ,hel5 ,hunt ,jackson 9 ! melan*oly pages ( ,a ,c5tury ( ,di%onor4 ,! wrongs inflict$ on ! ,*]okee nation 7 deep5$ by e conceivable aggravation4 ,9 ! :ole hi/ory ( our gov]nm5t's deal+s ) ! ,indian tribes !re is no record s black z ! record ( its p]fidy to ?is nation4 ,!re w come a "t 9 ! remote future :5 to ! /ud5t ( ,am]ican hi/ory x w seem well-nigh incr$ible4 ,f ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury !y _h be5 /eadily advanc+ 9 civilization4 ,z f> back z #ahjj !y _h begun ! manufacture ( cotton clo?1 & 9 #ahbj !re 0 sc>cely a family 9 t "p ( ! nation liv+ ea/ ( ! ,mississippi b :at und]/ood ! use ( ! c>d & sp9n+-:eel4 ,e family _h its f>m "u cultivation4 ,! t]ritory 0 laid (f into di/ricts1 ) a c\ncil-h\se1 a judge1 & a m>%al 9 ea* di/rict4 ,a national committee & c\ncil 7 ! supreme au?ority 9 ! nation4 ,s*ools 7 fl\ri%+ 9 all ! villages4 ,pr9t+-presses 7 at "w4444 ,!y 7 en?usia/ic 9 _! ef=ts to e/abli% & p]fect _! own sy/em ( jurisprud5ce4 ,missions ( sev]al sects 7 e/abli%$ 9 _! c\ntry1 & a l>ge numb] ( !m _h pr(ess$ ,*ri/ianity & 7 lead+ exempl>y lives4 ,!re is no in/ance 9 all hi/ory ( a race ( p pass+ 9 s %ort a space ( "t f ! b>b>\s /age to ! agricultural & civiliz$4#bfe3a ,we d well to give au!ntic details ( ! condition ( ! ,*]okee nation 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! c5tury1 = ! advanc$ happy & peaceful civilization ( ?is p 0 "o ( ! faire/ fruits ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity work+ ^u exceptionally noble race-qualities 9 ! recipi5ts ( x4 ,an ag5t ( ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t 9 #ahbe made (ficial report to ! ,dep>tm5t on ! r>e beauty ( ! ,*]okee c\ntry1 secur$ to !m by ! mo/ sacr$ pl$ges ) :i* x 0 possible = ! national gov]nm5t to b9d itself1 & cov]$ by ! inhabitants1 ?r\gh _! indu/ry & ?rift1 ) flocks & h]ds1 ) f>ms & villages2 & goes on to speak ( ! ,indians !mselves3 ,! natives c>ry on consid]able trade ) ! adjo9+ ,/ates2 "s ( !m export cotton 9 boats d[n ! ,t5nessee to ! ,mississippi1 & d[n t riv] to ,new ,orleans4 ,apple & pea* or*>ds are q common1 & g>d5s are cultivat$ & mu* att5tion paid to !m4 ,butt] & *eese are se5 on ,*]okee tables4 ,!re are _m public roads 9 ! nation1 & h\ses ( ent]ta9m5t kept by natives4 ,num]\s & fl\ri%+ villages are se5 9 e section ( ! c\ntry4 ,cotton & wool5 clo?s are manufactur$2 blankets ( v>i\s dim5sions1 manufactur$ by ,*]okee h&s1 are v common4 ,almo/ e family 9 ! nation gr[s cotton = its own consumption4 ,indu/ry & comm]cial ent]prise are ext5d+ !mselves 9 e "p4 ,ne>ly all ! m]*ants 9 ! nation are native ,*]okees4 ,agricultural pursuits engage ! *ief att5tion ( ! p4 ,diff]5t bran*es 9 me*anics are pursu$4 ,! population is rapidly increas+4444 ,! ,*ri/ian religion is ! religion ( ! nation4 ,presbyt]ians1 ,me?odi/s1 ,bapti/s1 & ,moravians are ! mo/ num]\s sects4 ,"s ( ! mo/ influ5tial *>act]s are memb]s ( ! *ur* & live consi/5tly ) _! pr(essions4 ,! :ole nation is p5etrat$ ) gratitude = ! aid x has receiv$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t & f diff]5t religi\s societies4 ,s*ools are increas+ e ye>2 le>n+ is enc\rag$ & rew>d$2 ! "y class acquire ! ,engli% & ^? ( mature age ! ,*]okee sy/em ( le>n+4#bff3a ,?is c\ntry1 enri*$ by ! toil & ?rift ( its own]s1 ! ,/ate ( ,georgia resolv$ n m]ely to subjugate to its jurisdiction1 b to /eal f its rightful & lawful own]s1 driv+ !m away z outlaws4 ,z a sure exp$i5t = secur+ popul> cons5t to ! int5d$ infamy1 ! f>ms ( ! ,*]okees 7 p>cel$ out to be drawn = 9 a lott]y1 & ! lott]y tickets di/ribut$ among ! :ite vot]s4 ,?us =tifi$1 ! brave ,/ate ( ,georgia w5t to all l5g?s ( outrage4 ,mission>ies 7 arre/$ & s5t to prison = prea*+ to ,*]okees2 ,*]okees 7 s5t5c$ to dea? by ,georgia c\rts & hung by ,georgia execution]s4 ,b ! great crime c\ld n be a*iev$ )\t ! connivance1 & at la/ ! active cons5t1 ( ! national gov]nm5t4 ,%\ld ?is cons5t be giv58 ,nev] 9 ,am]ican hi/ory has ! issue be5 m squ>ely drawn betwe5 ! k+dom ( ,satan & ! k+dom ( ,*ri/4 ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity 0 mo/ conspicu\sly repres5t$ 9 ?is conflict by an em95t layman1 ,j]emiah ,ev>ts1 ^: fame = ?is public s]vice1 & n = ?is alone1 w 9 ! lapse ( "t out%9e ev5 t ( 8 illu/ri\s son4 ,9 a s]ies ( articles 9 ! ,national ,intellig5c]1 "u ! signature ( ,william ,p5n1 he cit$ ! sixte5 treaties 9 :i* ! nation _h pl$g$ its fai? to def5d ! ,*]okees 9 ! possession ( _! l&s1 & set ! :ole case be=e ! p z well z ! gov]nm5t4 ,b 8 voice 0 n solit>y4 ,f press & pulpit & f ! plat=ms ( public meet+s all ov] ! c\ntry came petitions1 remon/rances1 & indignant prote/s1 re9=c+ ! pa!tic entreaties ( ! ,*]okees !mselves to be protect$ f ! cruelty t ?reat5$ to te> !m f _! homes4 ,9 ,congress ! honor ( lead]%ip among _m fai?ful & able advocates ( "r & ju/ice 0 conc$$ to ,!odore ,frel+huys51 !n 9 ! prime ( a great c>e] ( ,*ri/ian s]vice4 ,by ! majority ( "o vote ! bill = ! removal ( ! ,*]okees pass$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ate4 ,! gates ( hell triumph$ = a "t ) a fatal exultation4 ,! au?ors & abettors ( ! great crime 7 confirm$ 9 _! delusion t ?reats ( disunion & rebellion c\ld be reli$ on to c>ry any desir$ po9t4 ,b ! mills ( ,god w5t on gr9d+4 ,?irty ye>s lat]1 :5 9 ! battle ( ,mission>y ,ridge ! *ivalry ( ,georgia w5t d[n be=e ! army t repres5t$ ju/ice & fre$om & ! au?ority ( national law1 ! vanqui%$ & retreat+ soldi]s ( a lo/ cause c\ld n be accus$ ( sup]/ition if !y rememb]$ t ! sc5e ( _! humiliat+ defeat _h receiv$ its "n f ! m>tyrdom ( ,*ri/ian mission>ies at ! h&s ( _! fa!rs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 e>li] pages we h already trac$ ! succession ( bold prote/s & organiz$ labors on ! "p ( *ur* & cl]gy aga9/ ! in/itution ( slav]y4#bfh3a ,if prote/ & argum5t aga9/ x seem to be less frequ5t 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! new c5tury1 x is only because debate mu/ ne$s langui% :5 !re is no antagoni/4 ,slav]y _h at t "t no def5d]s 9 ! *ur*4 ,no body ( m5 9 #ahah m unmi/akably repres5t$ ! ,*ri/ian citiz5%ip ( ! :ole c\ntry1 ,nor?1 ,s\?1 & ,we/1 outside ( ,new ,engl&1 ?an ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! !n undivid$ ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*4 ,9 t ye> ! ,assembly set =? a full & unanim\s expression ( its s5tim5ts on ! subject ( slav]y1 address$ to ! *ur*es & p "u its c>e4 ,?is monum5tal docum5t is too long to be cit$ "h 9 full4 ,! op5+ p>agraphs ( x exhibit ! univ]sally accept$ s5tim5t ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ians ( t "t3 ,we consid] ! volunt>y enslav+ ( "o "p ( ! human race by ano!r z a gross violation ( ! mo/ preci\s & sacr$ rights ( human nature2 z utt]ly inconsi/5t ) ! law ( ,god1 :i* requires u to love our neighbor z ourselves2 & z totally irreconcilable ) ! _s & pr9ciples ( ! gospel ( ,*ri/1 :i* enjo9 t 'all ?+s :atsoev] ye w\ld t m5 %\ld d to y1 d ye ev5 s to !m4' ,slav]y creates a p>adox 9 ! moral sy/em4 ,x exhibits rational1 acc\ntable1 & immortal be+s 9 su* circum/ances z sc>cely to leave !m ! p[] ( moral action4 ,x exhibits !m z dep5d5t on ! w ( o!rs :e!r !y %all receive religi\s in/ruction2 :e!r !y %all "k & wor%ip ! true ,god2 :e!r !y %all enjoy ! ord9ances ( ! gospel2 :e!r !y %all p]=m ! duties & *]i% ! ende>m5ts ( husb&s & wives1 p>5ts & *ildr51 neighbors & fri5ds2 :e!r !y %all pres]ve _! *a/ity & purity or reg>d ! dictates ( ju/ice & humanity4 ,su* are "s ( ! consequ5ces ( slav]y--consequ5ces n imag9>y1 b :i* connect !mselves ) its v exi/5ce4 ,! evils to :i* ! slave is always expos$ (t5 take place 9 fact1 & 9 _! wor/ degree & =m2 & :]e all ( !m d n take place1 z we rejoice to say t 9 _m in/ances1 ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ! pr9ciples ( humanity & religion on ! m9ds ( ma/]s1 !y d n1 /ill ! slave is depriv$ ( 8 natural "r1 degrad$ z a human be+1 & expos$ to ! dang] ( pass+ into ! h&s ( a ma/] :o may inflict ^u him all ! h>d%ips & injuries :i* inhumanity & av>ice may sugge/4 ,f ?is view ( ! consequ5ces result+ f ! practice into :i* ,*ri/ian p h mo/ inconsi/5tly fall5 ( enslav+ a portion ( _! bre?r5 ( mank9d1--= ',god ha? made ( "o blood all nations ( m5 to dwell on ! face ( ! e>?1'--x is manife/ly ! duty ( all ,*ri/ians :o enjoy ! light ( ! pres5t day1 :5 ! inconsi/5cy ( slav]y bo? ) ! dictates ( humanity & religion has be5 demon/rat$ & is g5]ally se5 & ackn[l$g$1 to use _! hone/1 e>ne/1 & unwe>i$ endeavors to correct ! errors ( =m] times1 & z spe$ily z possible to efface ?is blot on our holy religion & to obta9 ! complete abolition ( slav]y ?r\gh\t ,*ri/5dom1 & if possible ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,x 0 n /range t :ile s5tim5ts l ^! prevail$ )\t contradiction 9 all p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 :ile 9 ,/ate aft] ,/ate emancipations 7 tak+ place & acts ( abolition 7 pass+1 & ev5 9 ! ,/ates mo/ deeply involv$ 9 slav]y a great1 & ! mo/ virtu\s1 "p ( ! community abhorr$ slav]y & wi%$ its ext]m9ation1#bgj3a !re %\ld seem to be little call = debate4 ,b t ! antislav]y _s 9 ! *ur*es 0 n dead 0 demon/rat$ ) ! fir/ occasion4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahbj1 at ! close ( two ye>s ( agitat+ discussion1 ! new ,/ate ( ,miss\ri 0 admitt$ to ! ,union z a slave ,/ate1 al?\gh ) ! /ipulation t ! rema9+ t]ritory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates nor? ( ! p>allel ( latitude b\nd+ ,miss\ri on ! s\? %\ld be consecrat$ =ev] to fre$om4 ,! opposition to ?is ext5sion ( slav]y 0 tak5 up by ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity z its own cause4 ,x 0 ! imp5d+ dang] ( su* an ext5sion t prompt$ t p[]ful & unanim\s decl>ation ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,g5]al ,assembly 9 #ahah4 ,! argum5ts aga9/ ! ,miss\ri bill1 :e!r 9 ! debates ( ,congress or 9 c\ntless memorials & resolutions f public meet+s bo? secul> & religi\s1 7 argum5ts f ju/ice & duty & ! law ( ,*ri/4 ,^! 7 met by con/itutional objections & consid]ations ( exp$i5cy & conv5i5ce1 & by ?reats ( disunion & civil w>4 ,! def5se ( slav]y on pr9ciple _h n yet begun to be he>d1 ev5 among politicians4 ,! successful ext5sion ( slav]y beyond ! ,mississippi ,riv] 0 di%e>t5+ to ! fri5ds ( ju/ice & humanity1 b only = ! mom5t4 ,already1 be=e ! two ye>s' conflict _h be5 decid$ by ! ,miss\ri ,compromise1 a p[]ful s]ies ( articles by t great religi\s lead]1 ,j]emiah ,ev>ts1 9 ! ,panopli/ 7,bo/on1 #ahbj71 ralli$ ! =ces ( ! *ur* to r5ew ! battle4 ,! decade t op5$ ) t defeat is di/+ui%$ z a p]iod ( su/a9$ antislav]y activity on ! "p ( ! unit$ ,*ri/ian citiz5%ip ( ! nation 9 all qu>t]s4#bga3a ,9 ,new ,engl& ! focus ( antislav]y ef=t 0 p]haps ! !ological sem9>y at ,&ov]4 ,!re ! lead+ "q among ! /ud5ts 9 _! ,society ( ,inquiry conc]n+ ,missions 0 ! "q1 :at c\ld be done1 & especially :at !y c\ld d1 = ! uplift+ ( ! color$ population ( ! c\ntry1 bo? ! enslav$ & ! free4 ,measures 7 conc]t$ !re = ! f\nd+ ( an ,african college :]e y\? 7 to be educat$ on a scale s lib]al z to place !m on a level ) o!r m52#bga3b & ! plan 0 n =gott5 or neglect$ by ^! "y m5 :5 f ye> to ye> !y came into places ( effective influ5ce4 ,) em95t fitness ! ,f\r? ( ,july 0 tak5 z an antislav]y holiday1 & into v>i\s t[ns )9 rea* f ,&ov] _! mo/ effective speak]s w5t =? to give antislav]y addresses on t day4 ,beg9n+ ) ! ,f\r? ( ,july1 #ahbc1 ! annual antislav]y address at ,p>k ,/reet ,*ur*1 ,bo/on1 be=e sev]al unit$ *ur*es ( t city1 cont9u$ = ! re/ ( t decade at lea/ to be an occasion = e>ne/ appeal & practical ef=t 9 behalf ( ! oppress$4 ,nei!r 0 ! "w ( ! "y m5 circumscrib$ by n>r[ local b\nd>ies4 ,! report ( _! committee1 9 ! ye> #ahbc1 on ,! ,condition ( ! ,black ,population ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 c\ld h>dly be *>act]iz$ z timid 9 its utt]ances on ! moral "* ( ,am]ican slav]y4 ,a few l9es w indicate ! tone ( x 9 ?is respect3 ,except+ only ! horrible sy/em ( ! ,we/ ,india ,isl&s1 we h nev] he>d ( slav]y 9 any c\ntry1 anci5t or mod]n1 pagan1 ,mohamm$an1 or ,*ri/ian1 s t]rible 9 its "*1 s p]nici\s 9 its t5d5cy1 s rem$iless 9 its anticipat$ results1 z ! slav]y :i* exi/s 9 ^! ,unit$ ,/ates4444 ,:5 we use ! /rong language :i* we feel ourselves compell$ to use 9 relation to ?is subject1 we d n mean to speak ( animal suff]+1 b ( an imm5se moral & political evil4444 ,9 reg>d to its influ5ce on ! :ite population ! mo/ lam5table pro( ( its det]iorat+ effects may be f\nd 9 ! fact t1 except+ ! pi\s1 ^: he>ts are gov]n$ by ! ,*ri/ian law ( reciprocity betwe5 man & man1 & ! wise1 ^: m9ds h look$ f> into ! relations & t5d5cies ( ?+s1 none c be f\nd to lift _! voices aga9/ a sy/em s utt]ly repugnant to ! feel+s ( unsophi/icat$ humanity--a sy/em :i* p]mits all ! atrocities ( ! dome/ic slave trade--:i* p]mits ! fa!r to sell 8 *ildr5 z he w\ld 8 cattle--a sy/em :i* consigns "o half ( ! community to hopeless & utt] degradation1 & :i* ?reat5s 9 its f9al cata/rophe to br+ d[n ! same ru9 on ! ma/] & ! slave4#bgb3a ,! hi/orical value ( ! pap] f :i* ^! brief extracts are giv51 z illu/rat+ ! attitude ( ! *ur* at ! "t1 is enhanc$ by ! use t 0 made ( x4 ,publi%$ 9 ! =m ( a review article 9 a magaz9e ( national circulation1 ! recogniz$ organ ( ! or?odox ,congregationali/s1 x 0 republi%$ 9 a pamphlet = gratuit\s di/ribution & ext5sively circulat$ 9 ,new ,engl& by ! ag5cy ( ! ,&ov] /ud5ts4 ,x 0 also republi%$ at ,ri*mond1 ,va4 ,o!r labor]s at ! ,ea/ 9 ! same cause 7 ,jo%ua ,leavitt1 ,bela ,b4 ,edw>ds1 & ,eli ,smi?1 aft]w>d illu/ri\s z a mission>y1#bgc3a & ,ralph ,r&olph ,gurley1 secret>y ( ! ,colonization ,society1 ^: edition ( ! p[]ful & uncompromis+ s]mon ( ! y\ng] ,edw>ds on ,! ,inju/ice & ,impolicy ( ! ,slave ,trade & ( ! ,slav]y ( ! ,africans 0 publi%$ at ,bo/on = circulation at ! ,s\?1 9 hopes ( promot+ ! univ]sal abolition ( slav]y4 ,! li/ might be indef9itely ext5d$ to include ! =emo/ names 9 ! *ur* 9 t p]iod4 ,!re 0 no adv]se p>ty4 ,at ! ,we/ an audaci\s movem5t ( ! slav]y ext5sion politicians1 flu%$ ) _! success 9 ,miss\ri1 to introduce slav]y into ,ill9ois1 ,indiana1 & ev5 ,ohio1 0 defeat$ l>gely by ! aid ( ! ,bapti/ & ,me?odi/ cl]gy1 _m ( :om _h be5 s\!rn m5 & _h exp]i5c$ ! evils ( ! sy/em4#bgc3b ,9 ,k5tucky & ,t5nessee ! abolition movem5t 0 l$ m di/9ctively by ! ,presbyt]ians & ! ,quak]s4 ,x 0 a bold ef=t to procure ! manumission ( slaves & ! repeal ( ! slave code 9 ^? ,/ates by ! agreem5t ( ! citiz5s4 ,! "* ( ! movem5t is indicat$ 9 ! con/itution ( ! ,moral ,religi\s ,manumission ,society ( ,we/ ,t5nessee1 :i* decl>es t slav]y exce$s any o!r crime 9 magnitude & is ! greate/ act ( practical infidelity1 & t ! gospel ( ,*ri/1 if believ$1 w\ld remove p]sonal slav]y at once by de/roy+ ! w 9 ! tyrant to enslave4#bgd3a ,a l movem5t 9 ,nor? ,c>ol9a & 9 ,m>yl&1 at ! same "t1 atta9$ to =midable dim5sions4 ,! /ate ( s5tim5t 9 ,virg9ia may be judg$ f ! fact t s late z ,decemb]1 #ahca1 9 ! memorable debate 9 ! legislature on a proposal = ! abolition ( slav]y1 a lead+ speak]1 d5\nc+ slav]y z ! mo/ p]nici\s ( all ! evils ) :i* ! body politic c be afflict$1 c\ld say1 undisput$1 ,by none is ?is position d5i$1 if we except ! erratic ,john ,r&olph4#bgd3b ,! conflict 9 ,virg9ia at t critical "t 0 betwe5 ,*ri/ian pr9ciple & wise /atesman%ip on ! "o h&1 & on ! o!r h& selfi% int]e/ & ambition1 & ! prevail+ t]ror result+ f a rec5t s]vile insurrection4 ,up to ?is "t !re appe>s no sign ( any division 9 ! *ur* on ?is subject4 ,nei!r 0 !re any sectional division2 ! oppon5ts ( slav]y1 :e!r at ! ,nor? or at ! ,s\?1 7 act+ 9 ! int]e/ ( ! common c\ntry1 & p>ticul>ly 9 ! int]e/ ( ! ,/ates t 7 /ill afflict$ ) slav]y4 ,b a swift *ange 0 j imp5d+4 ,we h already recogniz$ ! ,me?odi/ organization z ! effective pione] ( sy/ematic abolitionism 9 ,am]ica4#bge3a ,! ,bapti/s1 also hav+ _! ma9 /r5g? 9 ! s\!rn ,/ates1 7 e>ly & emphatic 9 condemn+ ! in/itutions by :i* !y 7 surr\nd$4#bge3b ,b all ! sects f\nd !mselves emb>rass$ by s]i\s difficulties :5 x came to ! practical application ( ! pr9ciples & rules :i* !y enunciat$4 ,! exact+ ( imm$iate emancipation z a condition ( fell[%ip 9 ! m9i/ry or communion 9 ! *ur*1 & ! popul> cries ( ,no fell[%ip ) slave-hold]s1 & ,slave-hold+ always & e :]e a s91 7 f\nd practically to conflict ) frequ5t und5iable & /ubborn facts4 ,! cases 9 :i* consci5ti\s ,*ri/ians f\nd !mselves1 by no fault ( _! own1 inve/$ by inhuman laws ) an absolute au?ority ov] helpless fell[-m51 :i* x w\ld n be "r = !m sudd5ly to abdicate1 7 n few nor unimportant4#bge3c ,9 deal+ ) su* cases sev]al diff]5t c\rses 7 op5 to ! *ur*3 7#a7 ,to execute discipl9e rigor\sly accord+ to ! =mula1 on ! pr9ciple1 ,be rid ( ! t>es at all haz>ds2 nev] m9d ! :eat4 ,?is c\rse 0 naturally favor$ by "s ( ! m9or ,presbyt]ian sects1 & 0 apt to be vigor\sly urg$ by zeal\s p liv+ at a di/ance & n well acqua9t$ ) details ( fact4 7#b7 ,to attempt to provide = all cases by /at$ exceptions & sav+ clauses4 ,?is c\rse 0 ent]$ on by ! ,me?odi/ ,*ur*1 b )\t success4 7#c7 ,disc\rag$ by ! difficulties1 to let g all discipl9e4 ,?is 0 ! po9t rea*$ at la/ by mo/ ( ! s\!rn *ur*es4 7#d7 ,cl++ to ! =mulas1 ,imm$iate emancipation1 ,no communion ) slave-hold]s1 s to palt] 9 a d\ble s5se ) ! words z to evade ! mean+ ( !m4 ,accord+ to ?is me?od1 slave-hold+ did n consi/ 9 ! hold+ ( slaves1 b 9 hold+ !m ) evil purpose & wrong treatm5t2 a slave :o 0 held = 8 own advantage1 receiv+ f 8 ma/] t :i* is j & equal1 0 said1 9 ?is dialect1 to be morally emancipat$4 ,?is 0 ! usual exp$i5t ( a l>ge & respectable p>ty ( antislav]y ,*ri/ians at ! ,nor?1 :5 _! pr9ciple ( no communion ) slave-hold]s br\ght !m to ! seem+ necessity ( excommunicat+ an unque/ionably ,*ri/ian bro!r = do+ an und5iable duty4 7#e7 ,to lay d[n1 broadly & explicitly1 ! pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ian morality gov]n+ ! subject1 leav+ ! application ( !m 9 individual cases to ! individual *ur* or *ur*-memb]4 ,?is 0 ! c\rse exemplifi$ ) admirable wisdom & fidelity 9 ! ,presbyt]ian deliv]ance ( #ahah4 7#f7 ,to meet ! po/ulate1 laid d[n ) s mu* assurance1 z if an axiom1 t slave-hold+ is always & ev]y:]e a s91 to be imm$iately rep5t$ ( & =sak51 ) a flat & squ>e contradiction1 z be+ irreconcilable ) facts & ) ! judgm5t ( ! ,*ri/ian ,scriptures2 & ?us to condemn & oppose to ! utmo/ ! sy/em ( slav]y1 )\t imput+ ! guilt ( x to p]sons involv$ 9 x by no fault ( _! own4 ,?is c\rse comm5d$ itself to _m lucid & logical m9ds & hone/ consci5ces1 includ+ "s ( ! mo/ consi/5t & effective oppon5ts ( slav]y4 7#g7 ,/ill ano!r c\rse mu/ be m5tion$1 :i*1 absurd z x seems1 0 actually pursu$ by a few headlong re=m]s1 :o %[$ 9 v>i\s ways a s+ul> alacrity at play+ into ! h&s ( _! adv]s>ies4 ,x consi/$ 9 enunciat+ 9 ! mo/ viol5t & unt5able =m & ! mo/ (f5sive language ! proposition t all slave-hold+ is s9 & e slave-hold] a crim9al1 & mak+ ! :ole attack on slav]y to turn on ?is weak pivot & fail if ?is fail$4 ,! argum5t ( ?is sort ( abolitioni/ 03 ,if !re c be f\nd any:]e a good man hold+ a bond-s]vant unselfi%ly1 k9dly1 & = good reason ju/ifiably1 !n ! sy/em ( ,am]ican slav]y is "r4#bgg3a ,x is n /range t m5 9 ! s\!rn *ur*es1 be+ (f]$ su* an argum5t ready made to _! h&1 %\ld promptly accept bo? ! premiss & ! conclusion1 & t s at la/ !re %\ld beg9 to be a pro-slav]y p>ty 9 ! ,am]ican *ur*4 ,! disa/r\s epo* ( ! beg9n+ ( :at has be5 call$ ! s\!rn apo/asy f ! univ]sal moral s5tim5t ( ,*ri/5dom on ! subject ( slav]y may be dat$ at ab\t ! ye> #ahcc4 ,a ye> e>li] began to be he>d ^? v9dications on political gr\nds ( :at _h j be5 decl>$ 9 ! legislature ( ,virg9ia to be by common cons5t ! mo/ p]nici\s ( political evils--v9dications :i* cont9u$ = ?irty ye>s to invite ! wond] ( ! civiliz$ _w4 ,:5 7ab\t #ahcc7 a ,presbyt]ian m9i/] 9 ,mississippi1 ! ,rev4 ,james ,smylie1 made ! discov]y1 :i* surpris$ himself1 t ! sy/em ( ,am]ican slav]y 0 sanction$ & approv$ by ! ,scriptures z good & righte\s1 he f\nd t 8 bre?r5 9 ! ,presbyt]ian m9i/ry at ! extreme ,s\? 7 n only surpris$1 b %ock$ & (f5d$1 at ! proposition4#bgh3a ,& yet su* 0 ! swift progress ( ?is innovation t 9 surpris+ly few ye>s1 we might almo/ say mon?s1 x _h become n only preval5t1 b viol5tly & exclusively dom9ant 9 ! *ur* ( ! s\!rn ,/ates1 ) ! p>tial exception ( ,k5tucky & ,t5nessee4 ,x w\ld be difficult to f9d a prec$5t 9 hi/ory = s sudd5 & sweep+ a *ange ( s5tim5t on a lead+ doctr9e ( moral !ology4 ,diss5t f ! novel dogma 0 suppress$ ) m ?an inquisitorial rigor4 ,x 0 less p]il\s to hold ,prote/ant op9ions 9 ,spa9 or ,au/ria ?an to hold1 9 ,c>ol9a or ,alabama1 ! op9ions :i* _h b lately be5 comm5d$ to univ]sal acceptance by ! unanim\s voice ( great religi\s bodies1 & proclaim$ z undisput$ pr9ciples by lead+ /atesm54 ,x became "o ( ! accept$ evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity at ! ,s\? t infidelity fail$ to (f] any ju/ification = ,am]ican slav]y equal to t d]iv$ f ! ,*ri/ian ,scriptures4 ,t em95t lead] among ! ,lu!ran cl]gy1 ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,ba*man1 ( ,*>le/on1 ref]r$ t unexampl$ unanimity ( s5tim5t t n[ exi/s 9 ! :ole ,s\? on ! subject ( slav]y to ! confid5ce felt by ! religi\s public 9 ! ,bible def5se ( slav]y z set =? by cl]gym5 & laym5 9 s]mons & pamphlets & spee*es 9 ,congress4#bgh3b ,! hi/orian may n excuse himself f ! task ( inquir+ into ! cause ( ?is sudd5 & imm5se moral revolution4 ,! explanation (f]$ by ,dr4 ,ba*man is ! v ?+ t ne$s to be expla9$4 ,h[ came ! ,*ri/ian public ?r\gh\t ! slave-hold+ ,/ates1 :i* s %ort a "t be=e _h be5 unanim\s 9 f9d+ 9 ! ,bible ! condemnation ( _! slav]y1 to f9d all at once 9 ! ,bible ! div9e sanction & def5se ( x z a wise1 righte\s1 & p]man5t in/itution8 ,d\btless !re 0 mixture ( influ5ces 9 br++ ab\t ! result4 ,! imm5se advance 9 ! m>ket value ( slaves consequ5t on ,:itney's inv5tion ( ! cotton-g9 _h its unconsci\s effect on ! moral judgm5ts ( "s4 ,! furi\s vitup]ations ( a v small b noisy faction ( antislav]y m5 add$ some?+ to ! swift curr5t ( public op9ion4 ,b demon/rably ! *ief cause ( ?is sudd5 *ange ( religi\s op9ion--"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable 9 ! hi/ory ( ! *ur*--0 panic t]ror4 ,9 ,augu/1 #ahca1 a s]vile insurrection 9 ,virg9ia1 l$ by a crazy negro1 ,nat ,turn] by "n1 0 foll[$ 7z always 9 su* cases7 by bloody v5geance on ! "p ( ! :ites4 ,! ,s\?ampton insurrection1 occurr+ at a "t :5 ! price ( slaves 0 depress$ 9 consequ5ce ( a depression 9 ! price ( cotton1 gave occasion to a sudd5 developm5t ( opposition to slav]y 9 ! legislature ( ,virg9ia4 ,a measure = ! prospective abolition ( ! in/itution 9 t anci5t commonweal? 0 propos$1 e>ne/ly debat$1 eloqu5tly urg$1 & at la/ defeat$1 ) a m9ority om9\sly l>ge 9 its favor4 ,w>n$ by s great a p]il1 & /r5g!n$ soon aft]w>d by an increase 9 ! m>ket value ( cotton & ( slaves1 ! slave-hold+ int]e/ 9 all ! ,s\? 0 /imulat$ to new activity4 ,def5ses ( slav]y m audaci\s ?an _h be5 he>d be=e began to be utt]$ by s\!rn politicians at home & by s\!rn repres5tatives & s5ators 9 ,congress4 ,a panic seiz$ ^u ! plant]s 9 "s di/ricts ( ! ,s\?we/4 ,conspiracies & plans ( insurrection 7 discov]$4 ,negroes 7 tortur$ or t]rifi$ into confessions4 ,obnoxi\s :ite m5 7 put to dea? )\t any legal trial & 9 defiance ( ^? rules ( evid5ce :i* are insi/$ on by s\!rn laws4 ,?us a sudd5 & conv9c+ t]ror 0 spread ?r\gh ! ,s\?4 ,e man 0 made to "k t if he %\ld become obnoxi\s to ! gu>dians ( ! great s\!rn 'in/itution' he 0 liable to be d5\nc$ & murd]$4 ,x 0 di/9ctly & imp]atively dem&$ t nobody %\ld be all[$ to say any?+ any:]e aga9/ slav]y4 ,! movem5t ( ! societies :i* _h !n be5 rec5tly =m$ at ,bo/on & ,new ,york1 ) ',imm$iate abolition' = _! motto1 0 made use ( to /imulate ! t]ror & ! fury ( ! ,s\?4444 ,! position ( political p>ties & ( c&idates = ! ,presid5cy1 j at t juncture1 gave special advantage to ! agitators--an advantage t 0 n neglect$4 ,ev]y?+ 0 done t practic$ demagogues c\ld contrive to /imulate ! ,s\? into a fr5zy & to put d[n at once & =ev] all opposition to slav]y4 ,! cl]gy & ! religi\s bodies 7 summon$ to ! patriotic duty ( committ+ !mselves on ! side ( 's\!rn in/itutions4' ,j !n x 01 if we mi/ake n1 t _! apo/asy began4 ,!y d>$ n say t slav]y z an in/itution 9 ! ,/ate is ess5tially an organiz$ inju/ice1 & t1 ?\gh ! ,scriptures rightly & wisely enjo9 ju/ice & ! recognition ( ! slaves' bro!rhood ^u ma/]s1 & consci5ti\s meekness ^u slaves1 ! organiz$ inju/ice ( ! in/itution ought to be aboli%$ by ! %orte/ process consi/5t ) ! public safety & ! welf>e ( ! enslav$4 ,!y d>$ n ev5 keep sil5ce "u ! plea t ! in/itution is political & !re=e n to be m$dl$ ) by religi\s bodies or religi\s p]sons4 ,!y yield$ to ! dem&4 ,!y 7 c>ri$ along 9 ! curr5t ( ! popul> fr5zy2 !y jo9$ 9 ! clamor1 ',great is ,diana ( ! ,ephesians2' !y d5\nc$ ! fanaticism ( abolition & p]mitt$ !mselves to be und]/ood z c]tify+1 9 ! "n ( religion & ( ,*ri/1 t ! entire in/itution ( slav]y 'z x exi/s' is *>geable ) no inju/ice & is w>rant$ by ! ^w ( ,god4#bha3a ,!re is no good reason to "q ! g5u95ess & s9c]ity ( ! fe>s express$ by ! slave-hold+ population z a ju/ification ( _! viol5t measures = ! suppression ( free spee* 9 relation to slav]y2 nor ( _! belief t ! pap]s & pr9ts actively dissem9at$ f ! antislav]y press 9 ,bo/on 7 fitt$1 if n di/9ctly int5d$1 to k9dle bloody insurrections4 ,^! t]rors 7 p[]fully plead$ 9 ! great debate 9 ! ,virg9ia legislature z an argum5t = ! abolition ( slav]y4#bha3b ,?is fail+1 !y became ?r\gh\t ! ,s\? a con/ra9+ p[] = ! suppression ( free spee*1 n only on ! "p ( outsid]s1 b among ! s\!rn p !mselves4 ,! regime ?us introduc$ 01 9 ! /ricte/ s5se ( ! phrase1 a reign ( t]ror4 ,! univ]sal lockjaw :i* !nce=? =bade ! utt]ance ( :at _h s rec5tly & sudd5ly ceas$ to be ! unanim\s religi\s conviction ( ! s\!rn *ur* soon produc$ an unexampl$ unanimity on ! o!r side1 brok5 only :5 "s fi]y & indomitable abolitioni/ l ,dr4 ,rob]t ,j4 ,breck9ridge1 ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* 9 ,k5tucky1 deliv]$ 8 s\l ) invectives aga9/ ! sy/em ( slav]y & ! new-fangl$ apologies t _h be5 devis$ to def5d x1 decl>+ x utt]ly indef5sible on e correct human pr9ciple1 & utt]ly abhorr5t f e law ( ,god1 & exclaim+1 ,out ^u su* folly6 ,! man :o _c see t involunt>y dome/ic slav]y1 z x exi/s among u1 is f\nd$ on ! pr9ciple ( tak+ by =ce t :i* is ano!r's has simply no moral s5se4444 ,h]$it>y slav]y is )\t pret5se1 except 9 av[$ rapacity4#bhb3a ,( c\rse ! antislav]y societies :i*1 "u v>i\s names1 _h exi/$ 9 ! ,s\? by hundr$s 7 sudd5ly ext+ui%$1 & manumissions1 :i* _h be5 go+ on at ! rate ( ?\s&s 9 a ye>1 almo/ entirely ceas$4 ,! /range & swiftly spread+ moral epidemic did n /op at ,/ate b\nd>y l9es4 ,at ! ,nor? ! ma9 cause ( defection 0 n1 inde$1 directly op]ative4 ,!re 0 no dang] !re ( s]vile insurrection4 ,b !re 0 true sympa?y = ^? :o liv$ "u ! %ad[ ( su* imp5d+ horrors1 ?reat5+ alike ! guilty & ! innoc5t4 ,!re 0 a deep passion ( hone/ patriotism1 n[ becom+ al>m$ le/ ! ?reats ( disunion proce$+ f ! t]rifi$ ,s\? %\ld prove a s]i\s p]il to ! nation 9 ^: prosp]ity ! hopes ( ! _w seem$ to be involv$4 ,!re 0 a wor?y solicitude le/ ! bonds ( int]c\rse betwe5 ! *ur*es ( ,nor? & ,s\? %\ld be ruptur$ & s ! integrity ( ! nation be ! m imp]il$4 ,)al !re 0 a spread+ & deep5+ & mo/ reasonable disgu/ at ! reckless rant+ ( a little knot ( antislav]y m5 hav+ _! headqu>t]s at ,bo/on1 :o1 exult+ 9 _! irresponsibility1 scatt]$ loosely appeals to m5's v9dictive passions & fill$ ! unwill+ air ) clamors aga9/ *ur* & m9i/ry & ,bible & law & gov]nm5t1 d5\nc$ z pro-slav]y all :o decl9$ to accept _! measures or _! p]sons1 &1 arrogat+ to !mselves exclusively ! "n ( abolitioni/1 made t "n1 s long a title ( honor1 to be univ]sally odi\s4#bhb3b ,^! v>i\s factors ( public op9ion 7 actively manipulat$4 ,political p>ties compet$ = ! s\!rn vote4 ,comm]cial h\ses compet$ = s\!rn bus9ess4 ,religi\s sects1 p>ties1 & societies 7 emul\s 9 conciliat+ s\!rn adhesions or contributions & av]t+ s*isms4 ,! condition ( success 9 any ( ^! cases 0 well und]/ood to be concession1 or at lea/ sil5ce1 on ! subject ( slav]y4 ,! pressure ( motives1 "s ( :i* 7 honorable & g5]\s1 0 ev]y:]e1 l ! pressure ( ! atmosph]e4 ,x 0 n /range t !re %\ld be defections f righte\sness4 ,ev5 ! enorm\s effront]y ( ! slave p[] 9 dem&+ = its own security t ! rule ( tyrann\s law & mob viol5ce by :i* fre$om ( spee* & ( ! press _h be5 ext+ui%$ at ! ,s\? %\ld be ext5d$ ov] ! s-call$ free ,/ates did n fail ( f9d+ citiz5s ( reputable /&+ s base z to give ! dem& _! c\nt5ance1 _! public advocacy1 & ev5 _! p]sonal assi/ance4 ,z ! subject em]g$ f "t to "t 9 ! religi\s community1 ! que/ions aris+ 7 (t5 confus$ & emb>rass$ by false issues & illogical /atem5ts1 & ! /ate ( op9ion 0 cont9ually misrepres5t$ ?r\gh ! incurable habit ( ! ov]-zeal\s 9 d5\nc+ z pro-slav]y ^? :o diss5t$ f _! favorite =mulas4 ,b aft] all d$uctions1 ! hi/orian :o %all by & by review ?is p]iod ) ! advantage ( a long] p]spective w be compell$ to record n a few lam5table defections1 bo? individual & corporate1 f ! cause ( fre$om1 ju/ice1 & humanity4 ,&1 nev]!less1 t lat] record w also %[ t :ile ! s\!rn *ur* _h be5 t]rifi$ into an unexampl$ unanimity 9 r5\nc+ ! pr9ciples :i* x _h unanim\sly held1 & :ile l causes _h wr\ght pot5tly ^u nor!rn s5tim5t1 x 0 ! /eadfa/ fidelity ( ! ,*ri/ian p t sav$ ! nation f ru94 ,at ! end ( ?irty ye>s f ! "t :5 ! soil ( ,miss\ri 0 devot$ to slav]y ! ,kansas-,nebraska ,bill 0 propos$1 :i* %\ld op5 = ! ext5sion ( slav]y ! va/ expanse ( national t]ritory :i*1 by ! /ipulation ( ! ,miss\ri ,compromise1 _h be5 =ev] consecrat$ to fre$om4 ,! issue ( ! ext5sion ( slav]y 0 pres5t$ to ! p 9 its simplicity4 ,! action ( ! cl]gy ( ,new ,engl& 0 prompt1 spontane\s1 emphatic1 & practically unanim\s4 ,_! memorial1 ) ?ree ?\s& & fifty signatures1 prote/$ aga9/ ! bill1 9 ! "n ( ,almighty ,god & 9 8 pres5ce1 z a great moral wrong2 z a brea* ( fai? em95tly injuri\s to ! moral pr9ciples ( ! community & subv]sive ( all confid5ce 9 national engagem5ts2 z a measure full ( dang] to ! peace & ev5 ! exi/5ce ( our belov$ ,union1 & expos+ u to ! j judgm5ts ( ! ,almighty4 ,9 l mann] ! memorial ( "o hundr$ & fifty-"o cl]gym5 ( v>i\s d5om9ations 9 ,new ,york ,city & vic9ity prote/$ 9 l t]ms1 9 ! "n ( religion & humanity1 aga9/ ! guilt ( ! ext5sion ( slav]y4 ,p]haps !re has be5 no occasion on :i* ! cons5t+ voice ( ! entire *ur* has be5 s solemnly utt]$ on a "q ( public morality1 & ?is 9 ! v region 9 :i* *ur* & cl]gy _h be5 mo/ /ormily d5\nc$ by ! little h&ful ( abolitioni/s :o glori$ 9 ! "n ( infidel#bhe3a z recreant to ju/ice & humanity4 ,! prote/ ( ! *ur* 0 ( no avail to defeat ! ma*9ation ( demagogues4 ,! iniquit\s measure 0 c>ri$ ?r\gh4 ,b ?is 0 n ! end2 x 0 only ! beg9n+ ( ! end4 ,yet t5 ye>s1 & ,am]ican slav]y1 ?r\gh ! mad folly ( its advocates & ! /eadfa/ fidelity ( ! great body ( ! e>ne/ly religi\s p ( ! l&1 0 swept away by ! tide ( w>4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! long /ruggle ( ! ,am]ican *ur* aga9/ drunk5ness z a social & public evil beg9s at an e>ly date4 ,"o ( ! ?irte5 colonies1 ,georgia1 _h ! prohibition ( slav]y & ( ! importation ( spiritu\s liquors incorporat$ by ,ogle?orpe 9 its e>ly & %ort-liv$ con/itution4 ,x w\ld be int]e/+ to discov]1 if we c\ld1 to :at ext5t ! rigor ( ,john ,wesley's discipl9e aga9/ bo? ^! mis*iefs 0 due to 8 association ) ,ogle?orpe 9 ! f\nd+ ( t late/ ( ! colonies4 ,bo? ! imp]i\s nature ( ,wesley & ! peculi> "* ( 8 frat]nity z be+ orig9ally n a *ur*1 b a volunt>y society )9 ! *ur*1 pr$ispos$ to a policy ( arbitr>y exclusiv5ess by h>d & fa/ l9es drawn accord+ to =mula1 :i* might n h be5 v5tur$ on by "o :o 0 consci\sly draw+ up ! conditions ( communion 9 ! *ur*4 ,9 ! ,puritan colonies ! public morals 9 respect to temp]ance 7 f ! beg9n+ gu>d$ by salut>y lic5se laws devis$ to suppress all dram-%ops & tippl+-h\ses1 & to prev5t1 z f> z law c\ld wisely und]take to prev5t1 all abusive & mis*iev\s sales ( liquor4 ,b ^! indications ( a s\nd public s5tim5t did n prev5t ! dismal fact ( a wide preval5ce ( drunk5ness z "o ( ! di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ics ( ,am]ican society at ! op5+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,two circum/ances _h comb9$ to aggravate ! national vice4 ,sev5 ye>s ( army life1 ) its exhau/ion & exposure & milit>y social usage1 _h initiat$ into dang]\s dr9k+ habits _m ( ! mo/ ju/ly influ5tial lead]s ( society1 & ! example ( ^! _h set ! tone = all ranks4 ,besides ?is1 ! increas$ importation & manufacture ( di/ill$ spirits _h made x easy & common to sub/itute ^! = ! mild f]m5t$ liquors :i* _h be5 ! ord9>y dr9k ( ! p4 ,gradually & unobs]v$ ! nation _h settl$ d[n into a sl\gh ( drunk5ness ( :i* x is difficult = u at ?is date to =m a cle> conception4 ,! words ( ,isaiah conc]n+ ! drunk>ds ( ,ephraim seem n too /rong to apply to ! condition ( ,am]ican society1 t all tables 7 full ( vomit & fil?9ess4 ,9 ! preval5ce ( intemp]ate dr9k+ habits ! cl]gy _h n escap$ ! g5]al infection4 ,! prie/ & ! prophet _h gone a/ray ?r\gh /rong dr9k4 ,individual words ( w>n+1 among ! e>lie/ ( :i* 0 ! classical essay ( ,dr4 ,b5jam9 ,ru% 7#aghe71 fail$ to ar\se g5]al att5tion4 ,! new c5tury 0 well advanc$ be=e ! /irr+ appeals ( ,eb5ez] ,port]1 ,lyman ,bee*]1 ,heman ,humphrey1 & ,j]emiah ,ev>ts _h awak5$ 9 ! *ur* any effectual conviction ( s9 9 ! matt]4 ,! appo9tm5t ( a /rong committee1 9 #ahaa1 by ! ,presbyt]ian ,g5]al ,assembly 0 promptly foll[$ by l action by ! cl]gy ( ,massa*usetts & ,connecticut1 lead+ to ! =mation ( ,/ate societies4 ,b g5]al conc]t$ measures on a scale comm5surate ) ! evil to be ov]come mu/ be dat$ f ! organization ( ! ,am]ican ,society = ! ,promotion ( ,temp]ance1 9 #ahbf4 ,! fir/ aim ( ! re=m]s ( t day 0 to break d[n ^? dom9e]+ social usages :i* almo/ en=c$ ! habit ( dr9k+ 9 ord9>y social int]c\rse4 ,! a*ievem5t ( ?is object 0 wond]fully swift & complete4 ,a "y m9i/] ^: pa/orate _h begun at ab\t ! same "t ) ! organiz+ ( ! national temp]ance society 0 able at ! end ( five ye>s to be> ?is te/imony 9 ! pres5ce ( ^? :o 7 9 a position to recognize any mis/atem5t or exagg]ation3 ,! wond]ful *ange :i* ! pa/ five ye>s h witness$ 9 ! mann]s & habits ( ?is p 9 reg>d to ! use ( ard5t spirits--! new ph5om5on ( an intellig5t p ris+ up1 z x 71 ) "o cons5t1 )\t law1 )\t any attempt at legislation1 to put d[n by ! m]e =ce ( public op9ion1 express+ itself 9 volunt>y associations1 a great social evil :i* no despot on e>? c\ld h put d[n among 8 subjects by any sy/em ( ef=ts--has excit$ admiration & r\s$ to imitation n only 9 our si/] c\ntry ( ,great ,brita91 b 9 ! he>t ( cont95tal ,europe4#bhg3a ,x is wor?y ( rem>k1 = any possible in/ruction !re may be 9 x1 t ! fir/1 greate/1 & mo/ p]man5t ( ! victories ( ! temp]ance re=mation1 ! break+ d[n ( almo/ univ]sal social dr9k+ usages1 0 accompli%$ :ile yet ! "w 0 a di/9ctively religi\s "o1 )\t law or attempt at legislation1 & :ile ! ef=ts at suppression 7 direct$ at ! use ( ard5t spirits4 ,! attempt to comb9e ! fri5ds ( temp]ance on a basis ( teetotal ab/95ce1 putt+ f]m5t$ z well z di/ill$ liquors "u ! ban1 dates f z late z #ahcf4 ,b x soon appe>$ t ! imm5se ga9 ( bani%+ ard5t spirits f ! family table & sidebo>d1 ! social ent]ta9m5t1 ! hay+ field1 & ! factory _h n be5 atta9$ )\t "s correspond+ loss4 ,close ^u ! heels ( ! re=m 9 ! dome/ic & social habits ( ! p !re 0 spawn$ a mon/r\s brood ( obscure tippl+-%ops--a nuisance1 at lea/ 9 ,new ,engl&1 till !n unkn[n4 ,f ! beg9n+ wise & effective lic5se laws _h int]dict$ all dram-%ops2 ev5 ! tav]n] might sell spirits only to 8 transi5t gue/s1 n to ! p ( ! t[n4 ,) ! suppression ( social dr9k+ !re 0 effect$1 9 spite ( salut>y law to ! contr>y1 a woeful *ange4 ,! ,am]ican saloon 01 9 an important s5se1 ! (fspr+ ( ! ,am]ican temp]ance re=mation4 ,! fact ju/ifi$ ! re=m] 9 turn+ 8 att5tion to ! law4 ,f t "t onw>d ! hi/ory ( ! temp]ance re=mation has includ$ ! hi/ory ( multitud9\s exp]im5ts 9 legislation1 none ( :i* has be5 s conclusive z to satisfy all /ud5ts ( ! subject t any lat] law is1 on ! :ole1 m usefully effective ?an ! orig9al /atutes ( ! ,puritan colonies4#bhh3a ,9 #ahdj ! temp]ance re=mation receiv$ a sudd5 =w>d impulse f an unexpect$ s\rce4 ,"o ev5+ a gr\p ( six notori\sly h>d dr9k]s1 com+ toge!r greatly impress$ f a s]mon ( t not$ evangeli/1 ,eld] ,jacob ,knapp1 pl$g$ !mselves by mutual v[s to total ab/95ce2 & f ?is beg9n+ w5t =w>d t extraord9>y agitation kn[n z ! ,wa%+tonian movem5t4 ,up to ?is "t ! aim ( ! re=m]s _h be5 ma9ly direct$ to ! prev5tion ( drunk5ness by a *ange 9 social cu/oms & p]sonal habits4 ,n[ !re 0 sudd5ly op5$ a door ( hope to ! almo/ despair ( ! drunk>d himself4 ,! lately re=m$ drunk>ds ( ,baltimore set !mselves to ! re=m+ ( o!r drunk>ds1 & ^! took up ! "w 9 _! turn1 & re=mation 0 ext5d$ 9 a geometrical progression till x cov]$ ! c\ntry4 ,ev]y:]e meet+s 7 held1 to be address$ by re=m$ drunk>ds1 & new recruits f ! gutt] 7 pu%$ =w>d to tell _! exp]i5ce to ! admir+ public1 & s5t out on speak+ t\rs4 ,! p 7 /irr$ up z nev] be=e on ! subject ( temp]ance4 ,!re 0 some?+ v ,*ri/ian-l 9 ! me?od ( ?is propagation1 & hopeful s\ls look$ =w>d to a temp]ance mill5nium z at h&4 ,b fatal faults 9 ! "w soon discov]$ !mselves4 ,among ! new evangeli/s 7 n a few m5 ( true p5it5ce & humility1 l ,john ,hawk9s1 & "o man at lea/ ( incomp>able eloqu5ce z well z ,*ri/ian e>ne/ness1 ,john ,b4 ,g\gh4 ,b ! public 7 n long 9 f9d+ t m]ely to h wall[$ 9 vice & to be able to tell ludicr\s or pa!tic /ories f "o's exp]i5ce 0 n ( itself suffici5t qualification = ! "w ( a public in/ructor 9 morals4 ,! temp]ance plat=m became infe/$ ) swagg]+ autobiograph]s1 ^: glory 0 9 _! %ame1 & ^: g5]al influ5ce 0 di/9ctly demoraliz+4 ,! sudd5 influx ( ! tide ( en?usiasm 0 foll[$ by a disa/r\s ebb4 ,x 0 ! e/imate ( ,mr4 ,g\gh t out ( six hundr$ ?\s& re=m$ drunk>ds n less ?an f\r hundr$ & fifty ?\s& _h relaps$ into vice4 ,! same obs]v]1 ! spl5dor ( ^: eloqu5ce 0 well mat$ ) an unusual sobriety ( judgm5t1 is cr$it$ ) ! /atem5t t he knew ( no case ( /able re=mation f drunk5ness t 0 n connect$ ) a ?or\gh spiritual r5ovation & conv]sion4 ,c]ta9ly good 0 accompli%$ by ! transi5t :irlw9d ( ! ,wa%+tonian excitem5t4 ,b ! evil t x did liv$ aft] x4 ,already at ! "t ( its break+ =? ! temp]ance re=mation _h ent]$ ^u t p]iod ( decad5ce 9 :i* its ma9 int]e/ 0 to be conc5trat$ ^u law & politics4 ,& "h ! vici\s e?ics ( ! re=m$-drunk>d s*ool became manife/4 ,! drunk>d1 accord+ to 8 own acc\nt ( himself 7unless he 0 n only re=m$1 b rep5tant71 _h be5 a victim ( circum/ances4 ,drunk5ness1 in/ead ( a base & bea/ly s91 0 an infirmity incid5t to a high-/rung & g5]\s temp]am5t4 ,! blame ( x 0 to be laid1 n ^u ! drunk>d1 ^: exquisitely susceptible organization 0 q unable to resi/ temptation com+ 9 8 way1 b on ^? :o put intoxicat+ liquor :]e he c\ld get at x1 or on ! ,/ate1 ^: duty x 0 to put ! article out ( ! rea* ( its citiz5s4 ,! guilt ( drunk5ness mu/ re/1 n on ! un=tunate drunk>d :o happ5$ to be attack$ by t disease1 b on ! sob] & well-behav+ citiz51 & especially ! ,*ri/ian citiz51 :o did n vote ! correct ticket4 ,:at may be call$ ! ,prohibition p]iod ( ! temp]ance re=mation beg9s ab\t #ahej & /ill cont9ues4 ,x is *>act]iz$ by ! pursuit ( a type ( legislation ( v>iable efficacy or inefficacy1 ! ess5ce ( :i* is t ! sale ( intoxicat+ liquors %all be a monopoly ( ! gov]nm5t4#bij3a ,indications beg9 to appe> t ! disproportionate devotion to measures ( legislation & politics is abat+4 ,"s ( ! mo/ effective rec5t labor = ! promotion ( temp]ance has be5 wr\ght indep5d5tly ( su* resort4 ,if ! cycle %all be complet$1 & ! *ur* come back to ! me?ods by :i* its fir/ triumphs 9 ?is field 7 won1 x w come back ! wis] & ! /rong] = its vicissitudes ( exp]i5ce ?r\gh ^! ?reescore ye>s & t54 ,,footnotes3 #bfd3a ,an impression 0 made t nev] ceas$4 ,x />t$ a s]ies ( ef=ts t h affect$ ! :ole nor!rn m9d at lea/2 & 9 ,jackson's "t ! matt] came up 9 ,congress1 & a law 0 pass$ disfran*is+ a dueli/4 ,& t 0 n ! la/ ( x2 = :5 ,h5ry ,clay 0 up = ! ,presid5cy ! ,democrats pr9t$ an edition ( =ty ?\s& ( t s]mon & scatt]$ !m all ov] ! ,nor? 7,autobiography ( ,lyman ,bee*]1 vol4 i41 pp4 #aec1 #aed2 ) foot-note f ,dr4 ,l4 ,bacon3 ,t s]mon has nev] ceas$ to be a p[] 9 ! politics ( ?is c\ntry4 ,m ?an any?+ else1 x made ! "n ( brave old ,&rew ,jackson di/a/eful to ! moral & religi\s feel+ ( ! p4 ,x hung l a mill/one on ! neck ( ,h5ry ,clay74 #bfe3a ,a ,c5tury ( ,di%onor1 pp4 #bgj1 #bga4 #bff3a ,a ,c5tury ( ,di%onor1 pp4 #bge1 #bgf4 #bfh3a ,see above1 pp4 #bjc-bje1 #bbb4 #bgj3a ,deliv]ance ( ,g5]al ,assembly1 #ahah4 #bga3a ,! p]si/5t attempt to repres5t ?is p]iod z "o ( prevail+ apa?y & in]tia on ! subject ( slav]y is a v flagrant falsification ( hi/ory4 ,& yet by d9t ( /urdy reit]ation x has be5 =c$ into su* curr5cy z to impose itself ev5 on s c>eful a writ] z ,mr4 ,s*\l]1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x is impossible to read ?is "p ( ,am]ican *ur* hi/ory intellig5tly1 unless ! m9d is disabus$ ( ?is misrepres5tation4 #bga3b ,*ri/ian ,spectator 7mon?ly71 ,new ,hav51 #ahbh1 p4 #d4 #bgb3a ,*ri/ian ,spectator1 #ahbc1 pp4 #dic1 #did1 #cda2 ,! ,e>li] ,antislav]y ,days1 by ,l4 ,bacon1 9 ! ,*ri/ian ,union1 ,decemb] #i & #af1 #ahgd1 ,janu>y #f & #ac1 #ahge4 ,x is "o ( ! ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 ?\gh h>dly "o ( its ,am5ities1 t c]ta9 phrases c>efully dissect$ f ?is pap] 7:i* 0 writt5 by ,mr4 ,bacon at ! age ( tw5ty-"o7 %\ld be p]t9aci\sly us$1 9 ! face ( repeat$ exposures1 to prove ! au?or ( x to be an apologi/ = slav]y6 #bgc3a ,*ri/ian ,spectator1 #ahbe-ahbh4 #bgc3b ,wilson1 ,slave ,p[] 9 ,am]ica1 vol4 i41 p4 #afd2 ,james ,g4 ,birney & 8 ,times1 pp4 #fd1 #fe4 ,?is la/-nam$ book is an int]e/+ & valuable contribution ( mat]ials = hi/ory1 especially by its refutation ( c]ta9 indu/ri\sly propagat$ misrepres5tations4 #bgd3a ,birney & 8 ,times1 *ap4 xii41 on ,abolition 9 ! ,s\? be=e #ahbh4 ,mu* is to be le>n$ on ?is neglect$ topic 9 ,am]ican hi/ory f ! reports ( ! ,national ,conv5tion = ! ,abolition ( ,slav]y1 meet+ bi5nially1 ) "s int]missions1 at ,philadelphia1 ,baltimore1 & ,wa%+ton d[n to #ahbi4 ,an incomplete file ( ^! reports is at ! libr>y ( ,br[n ,univ]sity4 #bgd3b ,wilson1 ,! ,slave ,p[]1 vol4 i41 *ap4 xiv4 #bge3a ,see above1 pp4 #bjd1 #bje4 #bge3b ,newman1 ,! ,bapti/s1 pp4 #bhh1 #cje4 ,let me make g5]al ref]5ce to ! volumes ( ! ,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies by _! sev]al indexes1 s4 v4 ,slav]y4 #bge3c ,"o in/ance = illu/ration is z good z t5 ?\s&4 ,x is f ! ,life ( ,james ,g4 ,birney1 a man ( ! highe/ integrity ( consci5ce3 ,mi*ael1 ! husb& & fa!r ( ! family legally own$ by ,mr4 ,birney1 & :o _h be5 br\ght up ) him f boyhood1 _h be5 unable to conqu] 8 appetite = /rong liquors1 & ne$$ ! con/ant wat*ful c>e ( 8 ma/] & fri5d4 ,= "s ye>s ! probability 0 t if free he w\ld become a confirm$ drunk>d & begg> 8 family4 ,! *ildr5 7 ne>ly gr[n1 b _h little m5tal capacity4 ,= ye>s ,mi*ael _h und]/ood t 8 fre$om w\ld be re/or$ to him z soon z he c\ld control 8 love ( ard5t spirits 7pp4 #ajh1 #aji74 #bgg3a ,if human be+s c\ld be ju/ly held 9 bondage = "o h\r1 !y c\ld be = days & weeks & ye>s1 & s on indef9itely f g5]ation to g5]ation 7,life ( ,w4 ,l4 ,g>rison1 vol4 i41 p4 #adj74 #bgh3a ,new ,engl&]1 vol4 xii41 #ahed1 p4 #fci1 article on ,! ,s\!rn ,apo/asy4 #bgh3b ,ibid41 pp4 #fdb-fdd4 #bha3a ,new ,engl&]1 vol4 xii41 #ahed1 pp4 #ffj1 #ffa4 #bha3b ,wilson1 ,! ,slave ,p[]1 vol4 i41 pp4 #aij-bjg4 #bhb3a ,biblical ,rep]tory1 ,pr9ceton1 ,july1 #ahcc1 pp4 #bid1 #bie1 #cjc4 #bhb3b ,! true /ory ( ,mr4 ,william ,lloyd ,g>rison & 8 little p>ty has yet to be writt5 fai?fully & fully4 ,z told by 8 family & fri5ds & by himself1 x is a mon/r\s falsification ( hi/ory4 ,"o ( ! be/ s\rces ( au!ntic mat]ial = ?is *apt] ( hi/ory is ,james ,g4 ,birney & 8 ,times1 by ,g5]al ,william ,birney1 pp4 #bfi-cca4 ,i may also ref] to my volume1 ,ir5ics & ,polemics 7,new ,york1 ! ,*ri/ian ,lit]ature ,co471 pp4 #ade-bjb4 ,! sum ( ! /ory is giv5 ?us1 9 ! words ( ,*>les ,sumn]3 ,an omnibus-load ( ,bo/on abolitioni/s has done m h>m to ! antislav]y cause ?an all its enemies 7,birney1 p4 #cca74 #bhe3a ,birney1 p4 #cba4 #bhg3a ,s]mon ( ,l4 ,bacon 7,,ms471 ,new ,hav51 ,july #d1 #ahcj4 #bhh3a ,ea/]n & ,we/]n ,/ates ( ,am]ica1 by ,j4 ,s4 ,buck+ham1 ,m4 ,p41 vol4 i41 pp4 #djh-dac4 #bij3a ,by a curi\s anomaly 9 *ur* polity1 adhesion to ?is p>ticul> device ( legislation is made con/itutionally a "p ( ! discipl9e ( ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,9 mo/ o!r communions lib]ty ( judgm5t is p]mitt$ z to ! =m ( legislation be/ fitt$ to ! end s\ght4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,a ,,decade ,,( ,,controv]sies ,,& ,,s*isms4 ,dur+ ! p]iod f #ahce to #ahde ! _s ( s*ism seem$ to be 9 ! air4 ,9 ?is p]iod no "o ( ! l>g] organizations ( *ur*es 0 free f agitat+ controv]sies1 & "s ( ! mo/ important ( !m 7 r5t asund] by explosion4 ,at ! "t :5 ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* suff]$ its great s*ism1 9 #ahcg1 x 0 ! mo/ influ5tial religi\s body 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,9 #abj ye>s its solit>y presbyt]y _h gr[n to #ace presbyt]ies1 includ+ #badj m9i/]s s]v+ #bhfe *ur*es & #bbj1eeg communicants4 ,b ^! l>ge figures are an inadequate measure ( its influ5ce4 ,x repres5t$ 9 its m9i/ry & memb]%ip ! two mo/ ma/]ful races on ! cont95t1 ! ,new ,engl& coloni/s & ! ,scot*-,iri% immigrants2 & ! t5acity ) :i* x _h adh]$ to ! tradition d]iv$ ?r\gh bo? ^! l9es1 ( admitt+ none b lib]ally educat$ m5 to its m9i/ry1 _h giv5 x exceptional social /&+ & control ov] m5 ( intellectual /r5g? & lead]%ip4 ,9 ! f\r ye>s beg9n+ ) #ahca ! additions to its roll ( communicants on exam9ation _h numb]$ ne>ly "o hundr$ ?\s&4 ,b ?is spiritual gr[? 0 *ill$ & /unt$ by ! diss5sions t arose4 ,! revivals ceas$ & ! memb]%ip actually dw9dl$4 ,! cont5tion _h gr[n 7a fact n )\t p>allel 9 *ur* hi/ory7 out ( measures devis$ 9 ! int]e/ ( cooep]ation & union4 ,9 #ahja1 9 ! days ( its comp>ative feebl5ess1 ! ,g5]al ,assembly _h propos$ to ! ,g5]al ,association ( ,connecticut a ,plan ( ,union accord+ to :i* ! communities ( ,new ,engl& ,*ri/ians !n beg9n+ to move we/w>d betwe5 ! p>allels t b\nd ! ,new ,engl& zone1 & br++ ) !m _! accu/om$ ,congregational polity1 might cooep]ate on t]ms ( mutual concession ) ,presbyt]ian *ur*es 9 _! neighborhood4 ,! proposals _h be5 frat]nally receiv$ & accept$1 & "u ! t]ms ( ?is compact great accessions _h be5 made to ! /r5g? ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 ( pa/ors & congregations m>k$ ) ! intellectual activity & religi\s ent]prise ( ! ,new ,engl& *ur*es1 :o1 :ile cordially con=m+ to ! new me?ods ( organization & discipl9e1 7 n 9 ! lea/ p5etrat$ ) ! tradition>y ,scot* v5]ation = ! ,we/m9/] /&>ds4 ,= ne>ly ?irty ye>s ! great re9=cem5ts f ,new ,engl& & f m5 ( ! ,new ,engl& way ( ?9k+ _h be5 ungrudg+ly be/[$ & he>tily welcom$4 ,b ! great accessions :i* 9 ! fir/ f\r ye>s ( ! f\r? decade ( ?is c5tury _h increas$ ! roll ( ! communicants ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* by m ?an fifty p] c5t4 _h come 9 undue proportion f ! ,new ,engl&iz$ regions ( we/]n ,new ,york & ,ohio4 ,x 0 inevitable t ! jeal\sy ( h]$it>y ,presbyt]ians1 ^: 7 ! fa!rs1 %\ld be ar\s$ by ! p]fectly reasonable fe> le/ ! traditional ways ( ! *ur* :i* !y felt to be 9 a peculi> s5se _! *ur* might be affect$ by s l>ge an elem5t f )\t4 ,! gr\nds ( explicit compla9t aga9/ ! p>ty call$ ,new ,s*ool 7 pr9cipally tw(old--doctr9e & organization4 ,9 ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* at ?is "t 7 ?ree pretty di/9ct types ( !ological ?\ght4 ,fir/1 !re 0 ! unmitigat$ ,scot* ,calv9ism2 secondly1 !re 0 ! modification ( ?is sy/em1 :i* became naturaliz$ 9 ! *ur* aft] ! ,great ,awak5+1 :5 ,jona?an ,dick9son & ,jona?an ,edw>ds1 f neighbor t[ns 9 ,massa*usetts1 came to be look$ ^u z ! great ,presbyt]ian !ologians2 ?irdly1 !re 0 ! consi/5t ,calv9ism1 t _h be5 /ill fur!r evolv$ by ! pati5t labor ( /ud5ts 9 direct succession f ,edw>ds1 & t 0 kn[n "u ! "n ( ,hopk9sianism4 ,j n[ ! late/ & n ! lea/ em95t 9 ?is s*ool1 ,dr4 ,na?aniel ,w4 ,taylor1 ( ,new ,hav51 0 enunciat+ to l>ge & en?usia/ic classes 9 ,yale ,div9ity ,s*ool new def9itions & =ms ( /atem5t giv+ rise to mu* e>ne/ debate4 ,! al>m ( ^? to :om ! v phrase improvem5t 9 !ology 0 an abom9ation express$ itself 9 futile indictm5ts = h]esy br\ght aga9/ "s ( ! mo/ em95tly godly & useful m9i/]s 9 all ! *ur*4 ,lyman ,bee*]1 ( ,lane ,sem9>y1 ,edw>d ,bee*]1 ,j4 ,m4 ,/urtevant1 & ,william ,kirby1 ( ,ill9ois ,college1 & ,george ,duffield1 ( ! presbyt]y ( ,c>lisle1 ,pa41 7 annoy$ by impea*m5ts = h]esy1 :i* all fail$ be=e rea*+ ! c\rt ( la/ resort4 ,b repeat$ & p]si/5t prosecutions ( ,alb]t ,b>nes1 ( ,philadelphia1 7 de/9$ to m conspicu\s failure1 by reason ( _! com+ up ye> aft] ye> be=e ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 & also by reason ( ! position ( ! accus$ z pa/or ( ! "m *ur* ( ! d5om9ation1 ! ,fir/ ,*ur* ( ,philadelphia1 :i* 0 ! cu/om>y meet+-place ( ! ,assembly2 )al by reason ( ! "* ( ! accus$1 ! honor & love 9 :i* he 0 held = 8 fai?ful & useful "w z pa/or1 8 _w-wide fame z a devot$ & believ+ /ud5t ( ! ,scriptures1 & ! ,*ri/like g5tl5ess & meekness ) :i* he endur$ ! h>ass+ ( *ur* trials cont9u+ ?r\gh a p]iod ( sev5 ye>s1 & compell+ him1 "u an irregul> & illegal s5t5ce ( ! synod1 to sit sil5t 9 8 *ur* = ! space ( a ye>1 z "o susp5d$ f ! m9i/ry4 ,! e>lie/ lead]s 9 national organization = ! propagation ( ,*ri/ianity at home & abroad 7 ! ,congregationali/s ( ,new ,engl& & m5 l-m9d$ ) !m4 ,b ! societies ?us orig9at$ 7 organiz$ on broad & ca?olic pr9ciples1 & invit$ ! cooep]ation ( all ,*ri/ians4 ,!y naturally became ! organs ( mu* ( ! active b5efic5ce ( ,presbyt]ian congregations1 & ! ,presbyt]ian cl]gy & laity 7 l>gely repres5t$ 9 ! direction ( !m4 ,!y 7 recogniz$ & comm5d$ by ! repres5tative bodies ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*4 ,z a po9t ( high-*ur* !ory x 0 held by ! rigidly ,presbyt]ian p>ty t ! "w ( ! gospel 9 all its dep>tm5ts & 9 all l&s is ! prop] function ( ! *ur* z su*--mean+ practically t ea* sect ought to h its sep>ate propag&a4 ,!re 0 logical /r5g? 9 ?is position z rea*$ f _! premisses1 & !re 7 argum5ts ( practical conv5i5ce to be urg$ 9 favor ( x4 ,b ! dem& to sund] at once ! bonds ( fell[%ip :i* unit$ ,*ri/ians ( diff]5t names 9 ! b5efic5t "w ( ! great national societies 0 n acceptable ev5 to ! :ole ( ! ,old-,s*ool p>ty4 ,to ! ,new ,engl&]s x 0 intol]able4 ,!re 7 o!r & less important gr\nds ( diff]5ce t 7 discuss$ betwe5 ! p>ties4 ,& 9 ! backgr\nd1 beh9d !m all1 0 ! slav]y "q4 ,x seems to h be5 will+ly kept 9 ! backgr\nd by ! lead]s ( debate on bo? sides2 b x 0 !re4 ,! ,new-,s*ool synods & presbyt]ies ( ! ,nor? 7 firm 9 _! adh]5ce to ! antislav]y pr9ciples ( ! *ur*4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,old-,s*ool p>ty reli$1 9 ! c\p d'eglise t 0 9 prep>ation1 on ! support ( an almo/ solid ,s\?4#bif3a ,x 0 an unp>donable (f5se ( ! ,new-,s*ool p>ty t x _h gr[n to su* =midable /r5g?1 intellectually1 spiritually1 & num]ically4 ,! probability t ! *ur* might1 ) ! cont9u$ gr[? & influ5ce ( ?is p>ty1 become ,am]icaniz$ & s lose ! purity ( its ?or\ghgo+ ,scot* traditions 0 v real1 & to "s m9ds v dreadful4 ,to ^! ! v ark ( ,god seem$ 9 dang]4 ,arraignm5ts = h]esy 9 presbyt]y & synod result$ 9 failure2 & :5 ^! & o!r cases involv+ que/ions ( or?odoxy or ( ! policy ( ! *ur* 7 br\ght into ! supreme judicature ( ! *ur*1 ! solemn b unmi/akable fact disclos$ itself t ev5 ! ,g5]al ,assembly c\ld n be reli$ on = ! support ( measures introduc$ by ! ,old-,s*ool lead]s4 ,9 fact1 e ,assembly f #ahca to #ahcf1 ) a s+le exception1 _h %[n a cle> ,new-,s*ool majority4 ,! f\ndations 7 de/roy$1 & :at %\ld ! righte\s d8 ,hi/ory 0 ab\t to repeat itself ) unwont$ precis5ess ( detail4 ,on ! ga!r+ ( ! ,assembly ( #ahcg a c>eful c\nt ( noses reveal$ :at _h be5 kn[n only once be=e 9 sev5 ye>s1 & :at might nev] be aga9--a cle> ,old-,s*ool majority 9 ! h\se4 ,to ! pi\s m9d ! neglect+ ( su* an opportunity w\ld h be5 to tempt ,provid5ce4 ,)\t notice1 )\t compla9t or *>ges or specifications1 )\t opportunity ( def5se1 #d synods1 includ+ #ecc *ur*es & m ?an #ajj1jjj communicants1 7 excommunicat$ by a majority vote4 ,! victory ( pure doctr9e & /rict *ur* ord]1 ?\gh p]haps n exactly glori\s1 0 triumphant & irrev]sible4 ,!re 0 no m dang] to ! *ur* f a possible ,new-,s*ool majority4 ,:5 ! f\r exsc9d$ synods1 ?ree 9 we/]n ,new ,york & "o 9 ,ohio1 toge!r ) a great foll[+ ( sympa?iz+ congregations 9 all p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 came toge!r to recon/ruct _! %att]$ polity1 !y 7 f\nd to numb] ab\t f\r n9?s ( ! late ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*4 ,= ?irty ye>s ! ,am]ican *ur* 0 to pres5t to ,*ri/5dom ! /range spectacle ( two great ecclesia/ical bodies claim+ id5tically ! same "n1 hold+ ! same doctr9al /&>ds1 obs]v+ ! same ritual & gov]n$ by ! same discipl9e1 & occupy+ ! same great t]ritory1 & yet completely dissev]$ f ea* o!r & at times 9 relations ( %>p mutual antagonism4#big3a ,! !ological debate :i* _h split ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* f end to end 0 q z e>ne/ & copi\s 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,b ow+ to ! fre] habit ( !ological inquiry & ! loos] texture ( organization among ! ,congregationali/ *ur*es1 x made no organic s*ism beyond ! sett+ up ( a new !ological sem9>y 9 ,connecticut to (fset :at 7 deem$ ! dang]\s t5d5cies ( ! ,new ,hav5 !ology4 ,aft] a few ye>s ! p>ty l9es _h fad$ out & ! two sem9>ies 7 good neighbors4 ,! unlikelie/ place 9 all ,am]ican ,*ri/5dom = a p>tisan controv]sy & a s*ism w\ld h seem$ to be ! ,unit>ian d5om9ation 9 & ab\t ,bo/on4 ,beg9n+ ) ! refusal n only ( any impos$ /&>d ( belief1 b ( any /atem5t ( common op9ions1 & ) unlimit$ fre$om ( op9ion 9 e direction1 unless1 p]haps1 9 ! direction ( or?odoxy1 x 0 n easy to see h[ a splitt+ w$ge c\ld be />t$ 9 x4 ,b ! infection ( ! "t 0 n to be resi/$4 ,ev5 ,unit>ianism mu/ h its h]esies & h]esi>*s to deal )4 ,no soon] did ! pressure ( outside attack abate ?an antagonisms began pretty %>ply to decl>e !mselves4 ,9 #ahcb ,mr4 ,ralph ,waldo ,em]son1 pa/or ( ! ,second ,*ur* 9 ,bo/on1 propos$ to ! *ur* to ab&on or radically *ange ! obs]vance ( ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,:5 ! *ur* demurr$ at ?is extraord9>y dem& he resign$ 8 (fice1 fir+ (f an elaborate argum5t aga9/ ! usage ( ! *ur* by way ( a p>t+ salute4 ,)\t any =mal demission ( ! m9i/ry1 he retir$ to 8 lit]>y seclusion at ,concord1 f :i* he br\ght =? 9 books & lectures ! oracul> utt]ances :i* caught m & m ! e> ( a wide public1 & 9 :i*1 9 casual-seem+ p>5!ses & obit] dicta1 ,*ri/ianity & all practical religion 7 condemn$ by sly innu5do & half-respectful allusion by :i* he might )\t sne]+ tea* ! re/ to sne]4 ,9 #ahch he 0 /ill s f> recogniz$ 9 ! m9i/ry z to be invit$ to address ! graduat+ class ( ! ,h>v>d ,div9ity ,s*ool4 ,! blank pan!ism :i* he !n enunciat$ call$ =? f ,pr(essor ,h5ry ,w>e1 ,jr41 a s]mon 9 ! college *apel on ! p]sonality ( ,god1 :i* he s5t ) a fri5dly note to ,mr4 ,em]son4 ,! gay & ,skimpolesque reply ( ! sage is an illu/ration ( t flippancy ) :i* he *ose to toy 9 a lit]>y way ) mom5t\s que/ions1 & :i* 0 s exasp]at+ to ! e>ne/ m5 ( positive religi\s convictions ) :om he _h be5 associat$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry4 ,x /rikes me v oddly t good & wise m5 at ,cambridge %\ld ?9k ( rais+ me into an object ( criticism4 ,i h always be51 f my incapacity ( me?odical writ+1 'a *>t]$ lib]t9e1' free to wor%ip & free to rail1 lucky :5 ,i c\ld make myself und]/ood1 b nev] e/eem$ ne> en\gh to ! in/itutions & m9d ( society to des]ve ! notice ( ma/]s ( lit]ature & religion4444 ,i c\ld n possibly give y "o ( ! 'argum5ts' y s cruelly h9t at on :i* any doctr9e ( m9e /&s1 = ,i d n "k :at argum5ts mean 9 ref]5ce to any expression ( ?\ght4 ,i delight 9 tell+ :at ,i ?9k1 b if y ask me h[ ,i d>e say s1 or :y x is s1 ,i am ! mo/ helpless ( mortal m54 ,i d n ev5 see t ei!r ( ^! que/ions admits ( an answ]4 ,s t 9 ! pres5t droll po/ure ( my affairs1 :5 ,i see myself sudd5ly rais$ into ! importance ( a h]etic1 ,i am v uneasy :5 ,i adv]t to ! suppos$ duties ( su* a p]sonage :o is to make good 8 !sis aga9/ all com]s4 ,i c]ta9ly %all d no su* ?+4 ,! issue 0 jo9$ & ! controv]sy began4 ,pr(essor ,&rews ,norton 9 a pamphlet d5\nc$ ! late/ =m ( infidelity1 & ! ,rev4 ,george ,ripley repli$ 9 a volume1 to :i* ,pr(essor ,norton issu$ a rejo9d]4 ,b !re 0 n sub/ance en\gh ( religi\s dogma & s5tim5t 9 ! transc5d5tali/ philosoph]s to give !m any p]man5t /&+ 9 ! *ur*4 ,!y w5t into v>i\s walks ( secul> lit]ature1 & h p[]fully influ5c$ ! c\rse ( op9ions2 b !y came to be no long] recognizable z a religi\s or !ological p>ty4 ,among ! m9or combatants 9 ! conflict betwe5 ! ,unit>ians & ! pan!i/s 0 a "y man ^: "n 0 de/9$ to become conspicu\s1 n )9 ! ,unit>ian fell[%ip1 b on ! outskirts ( x4 ,!odore ,p>k] 0 a man ( a diff]5t type f ! m5 ab\t him ( ei!r p>ty4 ,! son ( a me*anic1 he f\ght 8 way ?r\gh difficulties to a lib]al education1 & 0 ?irty ye>s old be=e 8 v great abilities attract$ g5]al att5tion4 ,a gre$y gorm&iz] ( books 9 _m languages1 he _h little ( ! da9ty s*ol>%ip s mu* priz$ at ! neighbor+ univ]sity4 ,b ! results ( 8 va/ read+ 7 /or$ 9 a quick & t5aci\s memory z ready rhetorical mat]ial :]e) to conv9ce or a/oni%4 ,p>adox 0 a passion ) him1 t 0 /imulat$ by compla9ts1 & ev5 by deprecations1 to ! po9t ( irrev]5ce4 ,he lik$ to make p's fle% crawl4 ,ev5 9 8 advocacy ( social & public re=ms1 :i* 0 /r5u\s & s9c]e1 he delight$ s to urge 8 cause z to inflame prejudice & opposition aga9/ x4 ,) ?is temp] x is n /range t :5 he came to enunciate 8 dep>ture f "s ( ! accept$ t5ets ( 8 bre?r51 :o 7 habitually rev]5t 9 _! disciple%ip t[>d ,jesus ,*ri/1 he %\ld d ?is 9 a way to (f5d & %ock4 ,! imm$iate reaction ( ! ,unit>ian cl]gy f ! /atem5ts ( 8 s]mon1 9 #ahda1 on ,! ,transi5t & ! ,p]man5t 9 ,*ri/ianity1 9 :i* ! sup]natural 0 boldly disc>d$ f 8 belief1 0 s g5]al & s e>ne/ z to give occasion to ,*ann+'s exclamation1 ,n[ we h a ,unit>ian or?odoxy6 ,*ann+ did n live to see ! *>act]i/ic t5ets ( ! h]esi>* to :om he hesitat$ to give ! "n ( ,*ri/ian n only widely accept$ 9 ! ,unit>ian *ur*es1 b "s ( !m freely discuss$ z op5 que/ions among "s or?odox s*ol>s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,two v great ev5ts 9 ?is p]iod ( s*ism may be dispat*$ ) a brevity out ( all proportion to _! importance1 on acc\nt ( ! simplicity ( motive & action by :i* !y are *>act]iz$4 ,9 ! ye> #ahdd ! slav]y agitation 9 ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur* culm9at$1 n 9 ! rupture ( ! *ur*1 b 9 ! well-consid]$1 delib]ate division ( x betwe5 ,nor? & ,s\?4 ,! hi/ory ( ! slav]y "q among ! ,me?odi/s 0 a typical "o4 ,f ! beg9n+ ! ,me?odi/ ,society _h be5 committ$ by its f\nd] & 8 e>ly successors to ! /ricte/ 7n ! /ronge/7 position on ?is "q4 ,n only 0 ! sy/em ( slav]y d5\nc$ z iniquit\s1 b ! attempt 0 made to en=ce ! rigid rule t p]sons involv$ "u ?is sy/em 9 ! relation ( ma/] to slave %\ld be exclud$ f ! m9i/ry1 if n f ! communion4 ,b ! en=cem5t ( ?is rule 0 f\nd to be n only difficult1 b wrong1 & difficult simply because x 0 wrong4 ,!n foll[$ t illogical confusion ( ideas /udi\sly fo/]$ by zealots at ei!r extreme3 ,if ! slave-hold] may be 9 "s circum/ances a fai?ful ,*ri/ian disciple1 fulfill+ 9 righte\sness & love a ,*ri/ian duty1 !n slav]y is "r2 if slav]y is wrong1 !n e slave-hold] is a man/eal]1 & %\ld be excommunicat$ z su* )\t ask+ any fur!r que/ions4 ,two /atem5ts m palpably illogical 7 nev] put =? = ! d>k5+ ( c\nsel4 ,b ea* extreme 0 eag] to su/a9 ! unreason ( ! opposite extreme z ! only alt]native ( its own unreason1 & s1 :at ) contr>y gu/s f ,nor? & ,s\?1 !y fell into a place :]e two seas met & ran ! %ip agr\nd4 ,! attempts made f #ahcf to #ahdj1 by /ret*+ to ! utmo/ ! au?ority ( ! ,g5]al ,conf]5ce & ! bi%ops1 = ! suppression ( mod]n abolitionism 9 ! *ur* 7)\t say+ :at !y meant by ! phrase7 _h _! natural effect3 ! antislav]y s5tim5t 9 ! *ur* organiz$ & utt]$ itself m vigor\sly & m extravagantly ?an ev] on ! basis1 ,all slave-hold+ is s92 no fell[%ip ) slave-hold]s4 ,9 #ahdc an antislav]y secession took place1 :i* drew aft] x a foll[+ ( six ?\s&1 increas$ 9 a few mon?s to fifte5 ?\s&4 ,! p>adoxical result ( ?is movem5t is n )\t _m p>allels 9 *ur* hi/ory3 ,aft] ! draw+ (f ( fifte5 ?\s& ( ! mo/ zeal\s antislav]y m5 9 ! *ur*1 ! antislav]y p>ty 9 ! *ur* 0 va/ly /rong]1 ev5 9 numb]s1 ?an x _h be5 be=e4 ,! ,g5]al ,conf]5ce ( #ahcf _h pron\nc$ itself1 )\t a diss5t+ vote1 to be decid$ly oppos$ to mod]n abolitionism4 ,! ,g5]al ,conf]5ce ( #ahdd1 on ! fir/ te/ vote on ! "q ( exclud+ f ! m9i/ry "o :o _h become a slave-hold] ?r\gh m>riage1 reveal$ a majority ( "o hundr$ & sev5te5 to fifty-six 9 favor ( ! mo/ rigor\s antislav]y discipl9e4 ,! grav] "q ^u ! case ( ,bi%op ,&rew1 :o 0 9 ! l condemnation1 c\ld n be decid$ o!rwise4 ,! =m ( ! ,conf]5ce's action 9 ?is case 0 /udi\sly in(f5sive4 ,x imput$ no wrong & propos$ no c5sure1 b1 simply on ! gr\nd t ! circum/ances w\ld emb>rass him 9 ! ex]cise ( 8 (fice1 decl>$ x z ! s5se ( ?is ,g5]al ,conf]5ce t he desi/ f ! ex]cise ( ?is (fice s long z ?is imp$im5t rema9s4 ,! issue c\ld n h be5 simpl] & cle>]4 ,! ,conf]5ce 0 w>n$ t ! passage ( ! resolution w\ld be foll[$ by ! secession ( ! ,s\?4 ,! debate 0 long1 e>ne/1 & t5d]4 ,at ! end ( x ! resolution 0 pass$1 "o hundr$ & elev5 to sixty-n9e4 ,at once notice 0 giv5 ( ! int5d$ secession4 ,commission]s 7 appo9t$ f bo? p>ties to adju/ ! conditions ( x1 & 9 ! next ye> 7#ahde7 0 organiz$ ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur*1 ,s\?4 ,"u ! fi]ce tyranny !n dom9ant at ! ,s\? ! s\!rn ,bapti/s might n fall beh9d _! ,me?odi/ neighbors 9 zeal = slav]y4 ,?is "t x 0 ! ,s\? t =c$ ! issue4 ,! ,alabama ,bapti/ ,conv5tion1 )\t wait+ = a concrete case1 dem&$ ( ! national mission>y bo>ds ! di/9ct1 explicit av[al t slave-hold]s are eligible & entitl$ equally ) non-slave-hold]s to all ! privileges & immunities ( _! sev]al unions4 ,! answ] ( ! ,=eign ,mission ,bo>d 0 p]fectly k9d1 b1 on ! ma9 po9t1 p]fectly unequivocal3 ,we c nev] be a p>ty to any arrangem5t :i* w\ld imply approbation ( slav]y4 ,! result _h be5 =ese54 ,! great d5om9ation 0 divid$ betwe5 ,nor? & ,s\?4 ,! ,s\!rn ,bapti/ ,conv5tion 0 organiz$ 9 ,may1 #ahde1 & began its home & =eign mission>y "w )\t delay4 ,?is d>k *apt] ( our /ory is n )\t its bright] aspects4 7#a7 ,amid ! inevitable asp]ities att5dant on su* debate & division !re 7 _m & beautiful manife/ations ( bro!rly love betwe5 ! sep>at$ p>ties4 7#b7 ,^! /rifes fell out to ! fur!rance ( ! gospel4 ,emulations1 inde$1 are n among ! works ( ! ,_s4 ,9 ! /r5u\s labors ( ! two divid$ d5om9ations1 greatly exce$+ :at _h gone be=e1 x is pla9 t sometimes ,*ri/ 0 prea*$ ( envy & /rife4 ,nev]!less ,*ri/ 0 prea*$1 ) great & salut>y results2 & !re9 d we rejoice1 yea1 & w rejoice4 99 99 99 99 99 ,two important ord]s 9 ! ,am]ican *ur*1 :i* = a "t _h almo/ fad$ out f our field ( vision1 come back1 f ab\t ?is epo* ( debate & division1 into cont9ually gr[+ conspicu\sness & /r5g?4 ,nei!r ( !m 0 implicat$ 9 t great debate involv+ ! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( ! k+dom ( heav51--! pr9ciples ( righte\sness & love to m51--by :i* o!r p>ts ( ! *ur* _h be5 agitat$ & sometimes divid$4 ,:e!r to _! discr$it or to _! honor1 x is "p ( hi/ory t nei!r ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* nor ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* took any important "p1 ei!r corporately or ?r\gh its repres5tative m51 9 ! agoniz+ /ruggle ( ! ,am]ican *ur* to ma9ta9 ju/ice & humanity 9 public law & policy4 ,b /&+ ?us alo( f ! great e?ical que/ions t agitat$ ! consci5ce ( ! nation1 !y 7 bo? ( !m di/urb$ by controv]sies int]nal or ext]nal1 :i* dem& m5tion at lea/ 9 ?is *apt]4 ,! beg9n+ ( ! resuscitation ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* f ! dead-&-alive condition 9 :i* x _h s long be5 langui%+ is dat$ f ! ye> #ahaa4cjd3a ,?is ye> 0 m>k$ by ! accession to ! episcopate ( two em95t m51 repres5t+ two /rongly div]g5t p>ties 9 t *ur*--,bi%op ,griswold1 ( ,massa*usetts1 ,evangelical1 & ,bi%op ,hob>t1 ( ,new ,york1 ,high-*ur*man4 ,a quorum ( ?ree bi%ops hav+ be5 gott5 toge!r1 n )\t great difficulty1 ! two 7 consecrat$ 9 ,tr9ity ,*ur*1 ,new ,york1 ,may #bi1 #ahaa4 ,! "t 0 opportune & ! conjuncture ( circum/ances s+ul>ly favorable4 ,! /igma ( ,toryism1 :i* _h m>k$ ! *ur* f long be=e ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce1 0 n[ m ?an eras$4 ,9 ,new ,engl& ! ,episcopal ,*ur* 0 ( necessity committ$ to t political p>ty :i* favor$ ! abolition ( ! privileges ( ! /&+ ord]2 & ?is 0 ! anti-,engli% p>ty1 :i*1 "u ! lead ( ,jeff]son1 0 fa/ =c+ ! c\ntry into w> ) ,engl&4 ,! ,episcopalians 7 n[ 9 a position to retort ! *>ge ( disloyalty "u :i* !y _h n unju/ly suff]$4 ,at ! same "t _! *ur* lo/ no?+ ( ! social pre/ige incid5tal to its relation to ! e/abli%$ ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,politicians ( ! ,democratic p>ty1 includ+ "s m5 ( well-des]v$ cr$it & influ5ce1 naturally atta*$ !mselves to a religi\s p>ty hav+ _m po9ts ( cong5iality4#cje3a ,9 ano!r s5se1 also1 ! "t 0 opportune = an advance ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,9 ! p]son ( ,bi%op ,hob>t x _h n[ a bold1 en]getic1 & able repres5tative ( pr9ciples hi!rto n mu* 9 favor 9 ,am]ica--! ?or\ghgo+ ,high-*ur* pr9ciples ( ,ar*bi%op ,laud4 ,be=e ?is "t ! ,episcopal ,*ur* _h _h v little to contribute by way ( enri*+ ! div]sity ( ! ,am]ican sects4 ,x 0 simply ! feeble/ ( ! communions be>+ ! common family traits ( ! ,great ,awak5+1 ) ! n unimportant diff]5tia ( its settl$ ritual ( wor%ip & its traditions ( ord] & decorum4 ,b :5 ,bi%op ,hob>t put ! trumpet to 8 lips & prep>$ himself to s\nd1 ! public he>d a v diff]5t note1 & no unc]ta9 "o4 ,! *ur* 7mean+ 8 own fragm5t ( ! *ur*7 ! "o *annel ( sav+ grace2 ! vehicles ( t grace1 ! sacram5ts1 valid only :5 m9i/]$ by a prie/hood ) ! "r p$igree ( ord9ation2 submission to ! con/itut$ au?orities ( ! *ur* absolutely unlimit$1 except by cle> div9e requirem5ts2 ab/95ce f pray]-meet+s2 firm opposition to revivals ( religion2 refusal ( all cooep]ation ) ,*ri/ians outside ( 8 own sect 9 endeavors = ! g5]al advancem5t ( religion--su* 7 "s ( ! pr9ciples & duties inculcat$ by ?is bi%op ( ! new era z ( b9d+ =ce4#cjf3a ,! c\rage ( ?is attitude 0 spl5did & captivat+4 ,x requires1 ev5 at ! pres5t "t1 n a little =ce ( conviction to su/a9 "o 9 publicly enunciat+ su* views2 b at ! "t ( ! accession ( ,hob>t1 :5 ! ,episcopal ,*ur* 0 j beg9n+ to lift up its head out ( ! du/ ( despair1 x ne$$ ! h]oism ( a m>tyr4 ,x 0 n only ! va/ multitude ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ians outside ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 compris+ almo/ all ! le>n+1 ! evangeli/ic zeal1 & ! *>itable activity & self-d5ial ( ! ,am]ican *ur* ( t "t1 t he>d ^! unwont$ pret5sions ) indignation or ) ridicule2 9 ! ,episcopal ,*ur* itself !y 7 disclaim$1 sc\t$1 & d5\nc$ ) 7if possible7 great] indignation /ill4 ,b ! new p>ty _h elem5ts ( gr[? = :i* its adv]s>ies did n suffici5tly reckon4 ,! exp]i5ce ( o!r ord]s 9 ! *ur* confirms ?is pr9ciple3 t /eady p]si/5ce & it]ation 9 assur+ any body ( believ]s t !y are 9 "s special s5se ! favorites ( ,heav51 & 9 assur+ any body ( cl]gy t !y are endu$ f on high ) "s special & exceptional p[]s1 w by & by make an impression on ! m9d4 ,! flatt]+ assurance may be coyly waiv$ aside2 x may ev5 be indignantly repell$2 b 9 ! long run !re w be a gr[+ numb] ( ! bre?r5 :o become conv9c$ t !re is some?+ 9 x4 ,x 0 9 h>mony ) human nature t ! p>ty ( high pret5sions to di/+ui%$ privileges = ! *ur* & pr]ogatives = ! prie/hood %\ld 9 a few ye>s become a =midable conte/ant = ! control ( ! d5om9ation4 ,! controv]sy betwe5 ! two p>ties rose to its height ( exac]bation dur+ ! preval5ce ( t /range epidemic ( controv]sy :i* ran simultane\sly ?r\gh s _m ( ! great religi\s organizations ( ! c\ntry at once4 ,no d5om9ation _h x 9 a m malignant =m ?an ! ,episcopalians4 ,! w> ( pamphlets & newspap]s 0 fi]cely wag$1 & ! election ( bi%ops sometimes became a bitt] p>ty conte/1 ) ! unpleasant incid5ts ( su* competitions4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ! controv]sy at home ! publication ( ! ,ox=d ,tracts add$ new asp]ity to x4 ,a di/ress+ episode ( ! controv]sy 0 ! arraignm5t ( no less ?an f\r ( ! tw5ty bi%ops on *>ges affect+ _! p]sonal "*4 ,9 ! morbid condition ( ! body ecclesia/ic e su* hurt fe/]$4 ,! highe/ febrile temp]ature 0 rea*$ :51 at an ord9ation 9 #ahdc1 two ( ! lead+ presbyt]s 9 ! diocese ( ,new ,york rose 9 _! places1 &1 read+ ea* "o 8 solemn prote/ aga9/ ! orda9+ ( "o ( ! c&idates on ! gr\nd ( 8 ,romaniz+ op9ions1 left ! *ur*4 ,! result ( ! long conflict 0 n imm$iately app>5t4 ,x 0 n only t high op9ions1 ev5 ! highe/ ( ! ,tract>ian s*ool1 7 to be tol]at$ )9 ! *ur*1 b t ! ,high-*ur* p>ty 0 to be ! dom9ant p>ty4 ,! ,episcopal ,*ur* 0 to /& be=e ! public z repres5t+1 n t :i* x held 9 common ) ! o!r *ur*es ( ! c\ntry1 b t :i* 0 mo/ di/9ctive4 ,f ?is "t =? ! ,evangelical p>ty cont9u$ relatively to decl9e1 d[n to ! "t1 ?irty ye>s lat]1 :5 x 0 repres5t$ 9 ! inconsid]able secession ( ! ,re=m$ ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,! comb9ation ( circum/ances & influ5ces by :i* ?is p>ty supremacy 0 br\ght ab\t is an int]e/+ /udy1 = :i*1 h[ev]1 !re is no room 9 ?is brief comp5dium ( hi/ory4 ,a m important fact is ?is3 t 9 spite ( ^! agitat+ int]nal /rifes1 & ev5 by reason ( !m1 ! gr[? ( ! d5om9ation 0 wond]fully rapid & /rong4 ,no fact 9 ! ext]nal hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican *ur* at ?is p]iod is m impos+ ?an ?is gr[? ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur* f no?+ to a really comm&+ /ature4 ,x is easy to enum]ate m9or influ5ces t5d+ to ?is result1 "s ( :i* are n ( high spiritual dignity2 b ^! mu/ n be ov]e/imat$4 ,! nature ( ?is gr[?1 z well z ! num]ical am\nt ( x1 requires to be consid]$4 ,?is /rongly di/+ui%$ ord] 9 ! ,am]ican *ur* has be5 aggr&iz$1 n1 to any great degree1 by immigration1 nor by conque/ f ! ranks ( ! irreligi\s1 b by a cont9ual /ream ( accessions bo? to its laity & to its cl]gy f o!r sects ( ! *ur*4 ,^! accessions h ( c\rse be5 v>iable 9 quality1 b !y h includ$ _m su* z no d5om9ation c\ld af=d to lose1 & su* z any w\ld be pr\d to receive4 ,)\t judg+ ( individual cases1 x is natural & reasonable to expla9 s consid]able a curr5t sett+ s /eadily = two g5]ations t[>d ! ,episcopal ,*ur* z be+ attract$ by ! di/9ctive *>act]i/ics ( t *ur*4 ,=emo/ among ^! we may reckon ! /udy ( ! dignity & beauty ( public wor%ip1 & ! tradition & use ( =ms ( devotion ( s+ul> excell5ce & value4 ,a t5d5cy to rev]t to ! anci5t ,calv9i/ doctr9e ( ! sacram5ts has prepossess$ "s 9 favor ( t sect 9 :i* ! old ,calv9ism is /ill *]i%$4 ,"s h rejoic$ to f9d a door ( access to ! communion ( ! *ur* n beset ) revivali/ exactions ( exam9ation & scrut9y ( ! sacr$ int]ior exp]i5ces ( ! s\l4 ,"s h react$ f an excessive or inquisitive or arbitr>y *ur* discipl9e1 t[>d a default ( discipl9e4 ,"s1 wor?ily we>y ( sect>ian division & ( ! evangelical doctr9e t s*ism is ! normal condition ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 h f\nd real com=t 9 tak+ refuge 9 a sect 9 :i*1 clos+ _! eyes1 !y c say1 ,!re are no s*isms 9 ! *ur*2 ! *ur* is "o & undivid$1 & we are x4 ,^! & o!r l consid]ations1 m+l$ 9 v>y+ proportions1 h be5 honorable motives impell+ t[>d ! ,episcopal d5om9ation2 & few t h felt ! =ce ( !m h felt con/ra9$ /ubbornly to resi/ ! g5tle assurances (f]$ by ! apo/olic succession !ory ( a sup]ior au?ority & pr]ogative ) :i* !y _h become inve/$4 ,! num]\s accessions to ! ,episcopal ,*ur* f o!r communions h1 ( c\rse1 be5 9 l>ge "p re9=cem5ts to ! already dom9ant p>ty4 ,9 ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 dur+ ?is /ormy p]iod1 !re 0 by no means a p]fect calm4 ,! in]adicable feel+ ( ! ,am]ican citiz5--h[ev] rec5t 8 naturalization--t he has a "r to d :at he w ) 8 own1 _h kept ass]t+ itself 9 t plausible b unt5able claim ( ! laity to manage ! *ur* prop]ty acquir$ by _! own contributions1 :i* is kn[n to ,ca?olic writ]s z tru/eeism4 ,?r\gh ! :ole bread? ( ! c\ntry1 f ,buffalo to ,new ,orleans1 %>p conflicts ov] ?is "q betwe5 cl]gy & laity _h cont9u$ to vex ! peace ( ! *ur*1 & ! victory ( ! cl]gy _h n be5 unv>y+ & complete4 ,:51 9 #ahcg1 ,bi%op ,john ,hughes took ! re9s ( spiritual p[] 9 ,new ,york1 he resolv$ to try conclusions ) ! tru/ees :o attempt$ to ov]rule 8 au?ority 9 8 own ca!dral4 ,%>ply ?reat5+ to put ! *ur* "u int]dict1 if necess>y1 he br\ght ! recalcitrants to t]ms at la/ by a less =midable process4 ,he appeal$ to ! congregation to )hold all fur!r contributions f ! tru/ees4 ,! appeal1 = consci5ce' sake1 to refra9 f giv+ has always a d\ble hope ( success4 ,& ! bi%op succe$$ 9 ou/+ ! tru/ees1 at ! s]i\s risk ( tea*+ ! p a trick :i* has s9ce be5 f\nd equally effective :5 appli$ on ! opposite side ( a dispute betwe5 cl]gyman & congregation4 ,9 ,philadelphia ! long /ruggle 0 n end$ )\t ! actual int]dict+ ( ! ca!dral ( ,/4 ,m>y's1 ,april1 #ahca4 ,9 ,buffalo1 s late z #ahdg1 ev5 ?is extreme measure1 appli$ to ! l>ge/ congregation 9 ! newly erect$ diocese1 did n at once en=ce submission4 ,! conflict ) tru/eeism 0 only "o out ( _m conflicts :i* gave abundant ex]cise to ! adm9i/rative abilities ( ! ,am]ican bi%ops4 ,! mutual jeal\sies ( ! v>i\s nationalities & races among ! laity1 & ( ! v>i\s sects ( ! regul> cl]gy1 m5ac$1 & h n :olly ceas$ to m5ace1 ! h>mony ( ! *ur*1 if n its unity4 ,"o di/urb+ elem5t by :i* ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 "s ,european c\ntries has be5 sorely vex$ makes no consid]able figure 9 ! correspond+ hi/ory 9 ,am]ica4 ,!re has nev] be5 "h any ,lib]al ,ca?olic p>ty4 ,! fact /&s 9 analogy ) _m l facts4 ,visitors to ,am]ica f ! e/abli%$ *ur*es ( ,engl& or ,scotl& or ,g]many h (t5 be5 surpris$ to f9d ! temp] ( ! old-c\ntry *ur* s mu* broad] & less rigid ?an t ( ! daught] *ur* 9 ! new & free republic4 ,! reason is less recondite ?an might be suppos$4 ,9 ! old c\ntries !re are reta9$ 9 connection ) ! /ate-*ur*1 by con/ra9t ( law or ( p[]ful social or family influ5ces1 _m ^: adhesion to its di/9ctive t5ets & rules is slight & sup]ficial4 ,x is out ( su* mat]ial t ! lib]al *ur* p>ty gr[s4 ,9 ! migration x is n t ! lib]al *ur*man becomes m /rict1 b t1 be+ releas$ f outside pressure1 he becomes less ( a *ur*man4 ,he easily draws (f f 8 h]$it>y communion & jo9s himself to "s o!r1 or to none at all4 ,?is process ( evaporation leaves beh9d x a /rong residuum 9 :i* all *>act]i/ic elem5ts are held z 9 a saturat$ solution4 ,a fur!r security ( ! ,am]ican ,ca?olic ,*ur* aga9/ ! gr[? ( any ,lib]al ,ca?olic p>ty l ^? ( cont95tal ,europe is ! absoluti/ organization ( ! hi]>*y "u ! p]sonal gov]nm5t ( ! pope4 ,9 ^! la/ few c5turies great progress has be5 made by ! ,roman see 9 ext+ui%+ ! anci5t traditions ( local or national indep5d5ce 9 ! election ( bi%ops4 ,nev]!less 9 ,ca?olic ,europe important relics ( ?is indep5d5ce give an effective *eck to ! absolute p[] ( ,rome4 ,9 ,am]ica no trace ( ?is hi/oric indep5d5ce has ev] exi/$4 ,! p[] ( appo9t+ & remov+ bi%ops is held absolutely & exclusively by ! pope & ex]cis$ ?r\gh ! ,congregation ( ! ,propag&a4 ,! p[] ( orda9+ & assign+ prie/s is held by ! bi%op1 :o also holds or controls ! title to ! *ur* prop]ty 9 8 diocese4 ,! security aga9/ p>tisan division )9 ! *ur* is z complete z x c be made )\t gravely increas+ ! risks ( ali5at+ additional multitudes f ! fell[%ip ( ! *ur*4#cab3a 99 99 99 99 99 ,dur+ ! :ole ( ?is dre>y decade !re 7 fight+s )\t z well z )9 = ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,its great & sudd5 gr[? solely by immigration _h made x di/9ctively a *ur* ( =eign]s1 & *iefly ( ,iri%m54 ,! conditions 7 favorable = ! developm5t ( a race prejudice aggravat$ by a religi\s antipa?y4 ,x 0 a good "t = ! impo/or1 ! fanatic1 & ! demagogue to get 9 _! "w4 ,9 ,bo/on1 9 #ahcd1 ! report t a woman 0 deta9$ aga9/ h] w 9 ! ,ursul9e conv5t at ,*>le/[n1 ne> ,bo/on1 l$ to ! burn+ ( ! build+ by a drunk5 mob4 ,! ,titus ,oates ( ! ,am]ican no-pop]y panic1 9 #ahcf1 0 an infam\s woman nam$ ,m>ia ,monk1 ^: mon/r\s /ories ( secret horrors p]petrat$ 9 a conv5t 9 ,montreal1 9 :i* %e claim$ to h liv$ z a nun1 7 publi%$ by a respectable h\se & _h imm5se curr5cy4 ,a ,new ,york pa/or ( good /&+1 ,dr4 ,br[nlee1 made himself sponsor = h] "* & h] /ories2 & :5 ^! _h be5 ?or\ghly expos$1 by ,prote/ant m9i/]s & laym51 = ! %ameless frauds t !y 71 !re 7 pl5ty ( zealots to su/a9 h] /ill4 ,a ,prote/ant ,society 0 organiz$ 9 ,new ,york1 & solicit$ ! contributions ( ! b5evol5t & pi\s to promote ! dissem9ation ( raw-head-&-bloody-bones lit]ature on ! horrors ( pop]y4 ,! ent]prise met ) reprobation f sob]-m9d$ ,prote/ants1 b x 0 n )\t its influ5ce = mis*ief4 ,! pres5ce ( a great =eign vote1 easily manipulat$ & ca/ 9 block1 0 prov+ a copi\s s\rce ( political corruption4 ,l>ge concessions ( privilege or ( public prop]ty to ,ca?olic in/itutions 7 reasonably suspect$ to h be5 made 9 consid]ation ( cl]ical s]vices 9 p>tisan politics4#cac3a ,! conditions provok$1 we might say necessitat$1 a political re=m movem5t1 :i* took ! "n & "* ( ,native ,am]ican4 ,9 ,philadelphia1 a city notori\s at t "t = misgov]nm5t & turbul5ce1 an ord]ly ,am]ican meet+ 0 attack$ & brok5 up by an ,iri% mob4 ,"o act ( viol5ce l$ to ano!r1 ! excitem5t increas+ f day to day2 deadly %ots 7 ex*ang$ 9 ! /reets1 h\ses f :i* balls _h be5 fir$ into ! cr[d 7 set 9 flames1 :i* spread to o!r h\ses1 *ur*es 7 burn$1 & ! :ole city dom9at$ by mobs t 7 f9ally suppress$ by ! ,/ate militia4 ,x 0 an appropriate climax to ! t5 ye>s ( ecclesia/ical & social turmoil4#cad3a ,,footnotes3 #bif3a ,johnson1 ,! ,s\!rn ,presbyt]ians1 p4 #cei4 #big3a ,= ! close hi/orical p>allel to ! exsc9d+ acts ( #ahcg see page #afg1 above4 ,a lat] p>allel1 x is claim$1 is f\nd 9 ! virtually exsc9d+ act ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( #ahfa1 :i* 0 ! occasion ( ! secession ( ! ,s\!rn ,presbyt]ians4 ,! hi/orian ( ! ,s\!rn ,presbyt]ians1 :o rem>ks ) entire complac5cy t ! victory ( #ahcg 0 won only by virtue ( an almo/ solid ,s\?1 seems q unconsci\s t ?is k9d ( victory c\ld h any =ce z a prec$5t or z an e/oppel 7,johnson1 ,! ,s\!rn ,presbyt]ians1 pp4 #cce1 #cei74 ,b x is natural1 no d\bt1 t exsc9d+ acts %\ld look diff]5t :5 exam9$ f ! muzzle in/ead ( f ! bree*4 #cjd3a ,tiffany1 *ap4 xv4 #cje3a ,! int5se antagonism ( ! ,new ,engl& ,congregationali/s to ,jeff]son & 8 p>ty z repres5t+ ,fr5* infidelity & ,jacob9ism admits ( _m /rik+ illu/rations4 ,! s]mon ( ,na?anael ,emmons on ,j]oboam ! son ( ,nebat1 :o made ,israel to s9 is *>act]iz$ by ,pr(essor ,p>k z a curiosity 9 politico-homiletical lit]ature4 ,at ?is di/ance x is n difficult to see t ! c\rse ( ?is cl]gy 0 f> m honorable to its boldness & indep5d5ce ?an to its discretion & s5se ( fitness4 ,bo? its virtues & its faults _h a t5d5cy to /r5g!n an oppos+ p>ty4 #cjf3a ,hob>t's s]mon at ! consecration ( ,"r ,rev4 ,h4 ,u4 ,ond]donk1 ,philadelphia1 #ahbg4 #cab3a ,= a full] acc\nt ( ! diss5sions 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 consult1 by index1 ,bi%op ,o',gorman's ,hi/ory4 ,on ! mod]n organization ( ! episcopate 9 complete dep5d5ce on ! ,holy ,see1 consult ! le>n$ article on ,episcopal ,elections1 by ,dr4 ,p]ies1 ( ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity at ,wa%+ton1 9 ! ,am]ican ,ca?olic ,qu>t]ly ,review = ,janu>y1 #ahif2 also ! rem>ks ( ,ar*bi%op ,k5rick1 ( ,/4 ,l\is1 9 8 ,concio 9 ,concilio ,vaticano ,hab5da at non ,habita1 9 ,an ,inside ,view ( ! ,vatican ,c\ncil1 by ,l4 ,w4 ,bacon1 pp4 #fa1 #aba4 #cac3a ,a satirical view ( ^! concessions1 9 ! va/ dim5sions :i* !y _h rea*$ tw5ty-five ye>s lat] 9 ! city & c\nty ( ,new ,york1 0 publi%$ 9 two articles1 ,our ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*1 & ,! ,une/abli%$ ,*ur*1 9 ,putnam's ,magaz9e = ,july & ,decemb]1 #ahfi4 ,! articles 7 reissu$ 9 a pamphlet1 ) an explanatory & exculpatory preface1 & sundry notices ( ! contempor>y press4 #cad3a ,a /udi\sly c>eful acc\nt ( ! ,philadelphia riots ( #ahdd is giv5 9 ! ,new ,engl&]1 vol4 ii4 7#ahdd71 pp4 #dgj1 #fbd4 ,?is acc\nt ( ! s*isms ( ! p]iod is ( c\rse n complete4 ,! ,am]ican ,mission>y ,association1 s9ce di/+ui%$ = successful labors *iefly among ! fre$m51 grew out ( dissatisfaction felt by m5 ( advanc$ antislav]y views ) ! position ( ! ,am]ican ,bo>d & ! ,am]ican ,home ,mission>y ,society on ! slav]y "q4 ,! organization ( x 0 matur$ 9 #ahdf4 ,a v fruitful s*ism 9 its results 0 t :i*1 9 #ahce1 plant$ a cutt+ f ,lane ,sem9>y at ,c9c9nati1 9 ! virg9 soil at ,ob]l91 ,ohio4 ,! beg9n+ ?us made ) a class 9 !ology has gr[n into a noble & widely b5efic5t in/itution1 ! influ5ce ( :i* has ext5d$ to ! ends ( ! l& & ( ! _w4 ,! division ( ! ,society ( ,fri5ds into ! two societies kn[n z ,hicksite & ,or?odox is ( e>li] date--#ahbg-bh4 ,no attempt is made 9 ?is volume to *ronicle ! int]m9able splitt+s & reunit+s ( ! ,presbyt]ian sects ( ,scotti% extraction4 ,a curi\s diagram1 on page #adf ( volume xi4 ( ! pres5t s]ies1 illu/rates ! sort ( task :i* su* a *ronicle involves4 ,an illu/ration ( ! way 9 :i* ! extreme def5d]s ( slav]y & ! extreme abolitioni/s su/a9$ ea* o!r 9 illogical /atem5ts 7see above1 pp4 #cja1 #cjb7 is f\nd 9 ,dr4 ,?ornwell's claim 7id5tical ) ,mr4 ,g>rison's7 t if slav]y is wrong1 !n all slave-hold]s ought to be excommunicat$ 7vol4 vi41 p4 #aeg1 note74 ,dr4 ,?ornwell may n h be5 ! m5tal & moral giant t he appe>s to 8 admir]s 7see ,pr(essor ,johnson 9 vol4 xi41 p4 #cee71 b he 0 an intellig5t & able man1 q too cle>-head$ to be impos$ ^u by a palpable ambigu\s middle1 except = 8 excitem5t 9 ! heat ( a desp]ate controv]sy ) ! moral s5se ( all ,*ri/5dom4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,! ,,great ,,immigration4 ,at ! tak+ ( ! fir/ c5sus ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 #agij1 ! c\ntry conta9$ a population ( ab\t f\r millions 9 its t]ritory ( less ?an "o million ( squ>e miles4 ,sixty ye>s lat]1 at ! c5sus ( #ahej1 x conta9$ a population ( m ?an tw5ty-?ree millions 9 its t]ritory ( ab\t ?ree millions ( squ>e miles4 ,! va/ expansion ( t]ritory to m ?an ?reefold ! great orig9al doma9 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates _h be5 made by honorable pur*ase or less honorable conque/4 ,x _h n add$ l>gely to ! population ( ! nation2 ! new acquisitions 7 ma9ly ( unoccupi$ l&4 ,! increase ( ! population1 d[n to ab\t #ahde1 0 *iefly ! natural increase ( a h>dy & prolific /ock "u conditions 9 ! highe/ degree favorable to su* increase4 ,up to ! ye> #ahbj ! rec5t immigration _h be5 inconsid]able4 ,9 ! t5 ye>s #ahbj-bi ! annual arrival ( immigrants 0 n9e ?\s&4 ,9 ! next decade1 #ahcj-ci1 ! annual arrival 0 ne>ly ?irty-five ?\s&1 or a hundr$ a day4 ,= =ty ye>s ! total immigration f all qu>t]s 0 mu* less ?an a half-million4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! next ?ree decades1 f #ahdj to #ahfi1 !re arriv$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates f ! v>i\s c\ntries ( ,europe five & a half millions ( p4 ,x 0 m ?an ! entire population ( ! c\ntry at ! "t ( ! fir/ c5sus2-- ,a multitude l :i* ! popul\s ,nor? ,p\r$ nev] f h] froz5 lo9s to pass ,rh5e or ! ,danaw1 :5 h] b>b>\s sons ,came l a deluge on ! ,s\? & spread ,b5ea? ,gibralt> to ! ,libyan s&s4 ,"u ! pressure ( a less copi\s flood ( incursion ! greate/ empire 9 all hi/ory1 /ronge/ 9 arts & polity z well z arms1 _h p]i%$ utt]ly4 ,if ,rome1 ) h] population ( "o hundr$ & tw5ty millions1 h] g5ius = w> & gov]nm5t1 & h] long-compact$ civilization1 succumb$ "u a less sudd5 ru% ( invasion1 :at hope 0 !re = ! "y ,am]ican ,republic1 ) its scanty population & its new & untri$ in/itutions8#caf3a ,an impressive provid5tial comb9ation ( causes det]m9$ ?is great hi/oric movem5t ( population at ?is "t4 ,x 0 effect$ by attractions 9 front ( ! emigrant1 re9=c$ by impulses f beh9d4 ,! conclusion ( ! peace ( #ahae 0 foll[$ by ! beg9n+ ( an era ( great public works1 "o ( ! fir/ ( :i* 0 ! digg+ ( ! ,erie ,canal4 ,?is sort ( ent]prise makes an imm$iate dem& = l>ge =ces ( unskill$ labor]s2 & 9 bo? hemisph]es x has be5 obs]v$ to occasion movem5ts ( population out ( ,ca?olic c\ntries into ,prote/ant c\ntries4 ,! we/w>d curr5t ( ! indig5\s population creat$ a vacuum 9 ! seabo>d ,/ates1 & a dem& = labor t 0 soon felt 9 ! labor-m>kets ( ! ,old ,_w4 ,a lib]al home/ead policy on ! "p ( ! national gov]nm5t1 & naturalization laws t 7 m ?an lib]al1 ag5cies = ! enc\ragem5t ( settl]s organiz$ by individual ,/ates & by railroad corporations & o!r great l&$ proprietors1 & ! eag] competition ( /eam%ip companies drumm+ = /e]age pass5g]s 9 all p>ts ( ,europe--all ^! cooep]at$ ) ! gr[+ facility & *eapness ( /eam transportation to swell ! curr5t ( migration4 ,! discov]y ( gold 9 ,cali=nia quick5$ ! fl[ ( x4 ,z if x _h be5 ! div9e purpose n only to draw =?1 b to drive =?1 ! populations ( ! ,old ,_w to make _! homes 9 ! ,new1 !re 0 add$ to all ^! causes conducive to migration ! ,iri% fam9e ( #ahdf-dg1 & ! futile revolutions ( #ahdh1 ) ! tyrannical reactions :i* foll[$ !m4 ,b ! great /imulus to migration 0 ! success & prosp]ity t att5d$ x4 ,x 0 success t succe$$4 ,! great emigration ag5t 0 ! lett] writt5 to 8 old home by ! new settl]1 9 multitudes ( cases inclos+ funds to pay ! passage ( fri5ds :om he _h left beh9d him4 ,! great immigration t began ab\t #ahde is di/+ui%$ f "s ( ! e>ly colonizations 9 t x 0 9 no s5se a religi\s movem5t4 ,v grave religi\s results 7 to issue f x2 b !y 7 to be a*iev$ ?r\gh ! unconsci\s cooep]ation ( a multitude ( individuals ea* int5t ) s+l5ess ( vision on 8 own individual ends4 ,x is by su* unconsci\s cooep]ation t ! direct+ m9d & ! ov]rul+ h& ( ,god 9 hi/ory are mo/ signally illu/rat$4 ,9 ! fir/ ru% ( ?is increas$ immigration by f> ! greate/ contributor ( new population 0 ,irel&4 ,x n only surpass$ any o!r c\ntry 9 ! numb] ( its immigrants1 b 9 ! height ( ! ,iri% exodus1 9 ! decade #ahdj-ej1 x ne>ly equal$ all o!r c\ntries ( ! _w toge!r4 ,! incom+ ,iri% millions 7 almo/ solidly ,roman ,ca?olic4 ,! measures tak5 by ! ,briti% gov]nm5t = _m g5]ations to atta* ! ,iri% p to ! cr[n & conv]t !m to ! ,engli% /&>d ( ,prote/antism _h _h ! result ( dis*>g+ ^u our %ores a p di/+ui%$ above all ,*ri/5dom besides = its ard5t & unres]v$ devotion to ! ,roman ,*ur*1 & h>dly less di/+ui%$ = its hatr$ to ,engl&4 ,aft] ! fir/ flood-tide ! relative numb] ( ! ,iri% immigrants began to decrease1 & has kept on decreas+ until n[4 ,s9ce ! ,civil ,w> ! *ief s\rce ( immigration has be5 ,g]many2 & its contributions to our population h greatly aggr&iz$ ! ,lu!ran d5om9ation1 once s inconsid]able 9 numb]s1 until 9 _m we/]n cities x is ! =emo/ ( ! ,prote/ant communions1 & 9 ,*icago outnumb]s ! communicants ( ! ,episcopalian1 ! ,presbyt]ian1 & ! ,me?odi/ *ur*es comb9$4#cah3a ,! ,g]man immigration has contribut$ its %>e1 & probably m ?an its %>e1 to our non-religi\s & *ur*less population4 ,)al1 9 a proportion :i* x is n easy to asc]ta9 ) precision1 x add$ multitud9\s ?\s&s to ! sudd5 & enorm\s gr[? ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,b !re is an in/ructive contra/ betwe5 ! ,g]man immigrations1 :e!r ,ca?olic or ,prote/ant1 & ! ,iri% immigration4 ,! ,ca?olicism ( ! ,iri%1 held f g5]ation to g5]ation 9 ! face ( p>tisan & sometimes cruelly p]secut+ laws1 0 held ) ! ardor1 if n ( p]sonal conviction1 at lea/ ( /rong h]$it>y animosity4 ,to ! ,g]mans1 _! religi\s sect1 :e!r ,ca?olic1 ,lu!ran1 or ,re=m$1 is det]m9$ = !m by political arrangem5t1 "u ! pr9ciple cujus regio1 ejus religio4 ,x is matt] ( c\rse t t5ets ?us acquir$ %\ld be held by a t5ure s f> remov$ f fanaticism z to seem to m zeal\s s\ls mu* l lukew>mness4 ,accu/om$ to h ! co/ ( religi\s in/itutions provid$ = 9 ! budget ( public exp5ses1 ! w>ds ( ! ,old ,_w /ate-*ur*es f9d !mselves "h 9 /range surr\nd+s1 untra9$ 9 habits ( self-d5ial = religi\s objects4 ,! dang] is a grave & real "o t be=e !y become acclimat$ to ! new conditions a l>ge p]c5tage w be lo/1 n only f _! h]$it>y communion1 b f all ,*ri/ian fell[%ip1 & lapse into simple indiff]5tism & godlessness4 ,!y h mu* to le>n & some?+ to tea*4 ,! indig5\s ,am]ican *ur*es are n likely to be docile le>n]s at ! feet ( ali5 tea*]s2 b x w\ld seem l ! slight+ ( a provid5tial opportunity if ! old] sects %\ld fail to recognize t "o ( ! greate/ & by f> ! mo/ rapidly gr[+ ( ! ,prote/ant *ur*es ( ,am]ica1 ! ,lu!ran1 gr[+ n[ ) new increm5ts n only f ! ,g]man1 b also f ! ,sc&9avian nations1 is among u 9 su* =ce to tea* u some:at by its example ( ! equable1 sy/ematic1 & me?odical ways ( a /ate-*ur*1 z well z to le>n some?+ f ! irregul> f]vor ( t revivalism :i* its neighbors on e h& h inh]it$ f ! ,great ,awak5+4 ,x w\ld be ! v extravagance ( national self-conceit if ! old] ,am]ican *ur*es %\ld become possess$ ( ! idea t f\r millions ( ,g]man ,*ri/ians & "o million ( ,sc&9avians1 arriv+ "h f #ahfj to #ahij1 ) _! *>act]i/ic me?ods 9 !ology & usages ( wor%ip & habits ( *ur* organization & adm9i/ration1 7 "h1 9 ! provid5ce ( ,god1 only to be assimilat$ & n at all to assimilate4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! va/ gr[? ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,am]ica c\ld n b fill its cl]gy & adh]5ts ) wond] & hone/ pride4 ,b x 0 an occasion ( imm5se labors & n a little anxiety4 ,"o effect ( ! enorm\s immigration 0 inevitably to impose ^u ?is *ur*1 accord+ to ! popul> appreh5sion1 ! "* ( a =eign association1 &1 9 ! e>li] p]iods ( ! influx1 ( an ,iri% association4 ,x 0 9 l mann] inevitable1 f ! fact t ! immigrant class are prepond]antly poor & ( l[ social rank1 t x %\ld = two or ?ree g5]ations be look$ ^u z a *ur* = ! illit]ate & unskill$ labor+ class4 ,an incid5t ( ! excessive torr5t ru% ( ! immigration 0 t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* became to a disproportionate ext5t an urban in/itution1 mak+ no adequate provision = ! disp]s$ 9 agricultural regions4 ,aga9/ ^! & o!r l disadvantages ! hi]>*y ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* h /ruggl$ h]oically1 ) "s measure ( success4 ,! /eadily ris+ "* ( ! import$ population 9 its successive g5]ations has aid$ !m4 ,if 9 ! fir/ g5]ations ! *ur*es 7 congregations ( immigrants s]v$ by an import$ cl]gy1 ! mo/ /r5u\s ex]tions 7 made = ! f\nd+ ( in/itutions t %\ld secure to future congregations born ^u ! soil ! s]vices ( an ,am]ican-tra9$ prie/hood4 ,"o s]i\s h9drance to ! noble advances t h nev]!less be5 made 9 ?is direction has be5 ! fanatical opposition levi$ aga9/ ev5 ! mo/ b5efic5t ent]prises ( ! *ur* by a bigot$ ,native-,am]icanism4 ,x is n a hopeful me?od ( conciliat+ & naturaliz+ a =eign elem5t 9 ! community to treat !m ) suspicion & ho/ility z ali5 enemies4 ,! %ameful p]secution :i* ! mob 0 = a brief "t p]mitt$ to inflict on ,ca?olic *ur*es & s*ools & conv5ts _h = its *ief effect to confirm ! =eign] 9 8 adh]5ce to 8 *ur* & 8 antipa?y to ,prote/antism1 & to provoke a tw(old f]ocity 9 return4 ,at a "t :5 !re 0 reason to appreh5d a ,"k-no?+ riot 9 ,new ,york1 9 #ahdd1 a plan 0 conc]t$ & organiz$ by a l>ge ,iri% society ) divisions ?r\gh\t ! city1 by :i*1 9 case a s+le *ur* 0 attack$1 build+s %\ld be fir$ 9 all qu>t]s & ! great city %\ld be involv$ 9 a g5]al conflagration4#cba3a ,! utmo/ t c\ld h be5 hop$ = by ! devot$ b inadequate body ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic cl]gy 9 ,am]ica1 ov]:elm$ by an influx ( _! p com+ 9 ^u !m 9 increas+ volume1 numb]+ millions p] annum1 0 t !y might be able to hold _! own4 ,b ?is hope 0 v f> f be+ atta9$4 ,h[ great h be5 ! losses to ! ,roman communion ?r\gh ! transplantation ( its memb]s across ! sea is a "q to :i* ! mo/ widely v>y+ answ]s h be5 giv51 & on :i* /ati/ical exactness seems unatta9able4 ,! v>i\s e/imates1 agree+ 9 no?+ else1 agree 9 repres5t+ !m z enorm\sly great4#cba3b ,all good m5 w also agree t 9 s f> z ^! losses repres5t m]e lapses into unbelief & irreligion !y are to be deplor$4 ,happily !re is good evid5ce ( a l>ge salvage1 ga!r$ into o!r *ur*es1 f :at s easily becomes a %ipwreck ( fai? ) total loss4 ,x might seem surpris+1 9 view ( ! _m & div]se res\rces ( attractive influ5ce :i* ! ,roman ,*ur* has at its comm&1 t its losses h n be5 to "s l>g] ext5t comp5sat$ by conv]sions f o!r sects4 ,in/ances ( su* conv]sion are by no means want+2 b s f> z a popul> curr5t t[>d ,ca?olicism is conc]n$1 ! attractions 9 t direction are outweigh$ by ! disadvantages already ref]r$ to4 ,x has n be5 altoge!r a detrim5t to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,am]ica t ! social /atus & p]sonal composition ( its congregations1 9 its e>li] ye>s1 h be5 su* t ! transition into x f any ( ! ,prote/ant *ur*es c\ld be made only at ! co/ ( a pa9ful self-d5ial4 ,! numb] ( accessions to x has be5 !reby less5$1 b 7leav+ out ! case ( ! transition ( politicians f consid]ations ( exp$i5cy7 ! quality ( !m has be5 sev]ely sift$4 ,incomp>ably ! mo/ valuable acquisition :i* ! ,am]ican ,ca?olic ,*ur* has receiv$ has be5 ! company ( devot$ & gift$ "y m51 deeply imbu$ ) ! pr9ciples & s5tim5ts ( ! ,high-*ur* p>ty 9 ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 :o h felt con/ra9$ 9 consci5ce & 9 logic to take ! /ep1 :i* seems s %ort1 f ! highe/ level 9 ! ,anglican ,*ur* into ! ,roman1 & :o1 organiz$ into ! ,ord] ( ! ,pauli/ ,fa!rs1 h exemplifi$ 9 ! ,roman ,*ur* s _m ( ! highe/ qualities ( ,prote/ant prea*+4 ,he is a bold man :o w und]take to pr$ict 9 detail ! future ( ! ,roman ,*ur* 9 ,am]ica4 ,to say t x w be modifi$ by its surr\nd+s is only to say :at is true ( x 9 all c\ntries4 ,to say t x w be modifi$ = ! bett] is to say :at is true ( x 9 all ,prote/ant c\ntries4 ,n[h]e is ! ,roman ,*ur* s pure f sc&al & s effective = good z :]e x is closely surr\nd$ & jeal\sly scrut9iz$ by bodies ( its fell[-,*ri/ians :om x is p]mitt$ to recognize only z h]etics4 ,b :5 ! influ5ce ( surr\nd+ h]esy is se5 to be an indisp5sable bless+ to ! *ur*1 ! h]etic himself comes to be look$ ^u ) a mitigat$ horror4 ,n ) ! sacrifice ( any pr9ciple1 b ?r\gh ! application ( "s ( ^? provisions by :i* ! ,lat9 !ology is able to meet exig5cies l ?is1--! all[ance 9 favor ( inv9cible ignorance & prejudice1 ! di/9ction betwe5 ! body & ! s\l ( ! *ur*1--! ,roman ,ca?olic1 recogniz+ ! _s ( ,*ri/ 9 8 ,prote/ant fell[-,*ri/ian1 is able to hold him 9 spiritual if n =mal communion1 s t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* may prove itself n dissev]$ f ! ,*ur* ,ca?olic4 ,9 ! common duties ( citiz5%ip & ( humanity1 9 ! promotion ( ! int]e/s ( morality1 ev5 9 ^? religi\s matt]s t are ( common conc]n to all hone/ disciples ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 he is at "o ) 8 h]etic bre?r54 ,)\t ! *ange ( a s+le item ei!r ( doctr9e or ( discipl9e1 ! attitude & temp] ( ! *ur*1 z comp>$ ) ! *ur* ( ,spa9 or ,italy or ,mexico1 is revolutioniz$4 ,! *ange mu/ ne$s draw ) x o!r *anges1 :i* may n come )\t "s j> & conflict betwe5 progressive & cons]vative1 b :i* nev]!less ne$s mu/ come4 ,out ( _m indications ( ! _s ( fell[%ip ) all ,*ri/ians n[ exemplifi$ among ,am]ican ,ca?olics1 ,i quote "o ( ! mo/ rec5t & au?oritative f an address ( ,ar*bi%op ,ryan at ! ,ca?olic ,congress 9 ,*icago 9 #ahic4 ,speak+ on ,*ri/ian union1 he said3 ,if !re is any "o ?+ m ?an ano!r ^u :i* p agree1 x is respect & rev]5ce = ! p]son & ! "* ( ! ,f\nd] ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,h[ ! ,prote/ant loves 8 ,savi\r6 ,h[ ! ,prote/ant eye w sometimes gr[ dim :5 speak+ ( our ,"l6 ,9 ?is great c5t] ( union is f\nd ! hope ( human society1 ! only means ( pres]v+ ,*ri/ian civilization1 ! only po9t ^u :i* ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant may meet4 ,z if =esee+ t ?is %\ld be1 ,*ri/ himself gave 8 example ( frat]nal *>ity1 n to ! or?odox ,jew1 b to ! h]etical ,sam>itan1 %[+ t *>ity & love1 :ile fai? rema9s intact1 c nev] be true unless no di/9ction is made betwe5 ,god's creatures4#cbe3a ,h]e9 is fell[%ip high] ?an t ( symbols & sacram5ts4 ,by s f> z x receives ?is _s ( love ! ,am]ican ,ca?olic ,*ur* ent]s into its place 9 t great] ,ca?olic ,*ur* ( :i* we all make m5tion 9 ! ,apo/les' ,cre$--! ,holy ,univ]sal ,*ur*1 :i* is ! fell[%ip ( holy s\ls4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! effect ( ! ,great ,immigration on ! body ( ! immigrant population is n m int]e/+ or m important ?an ! effect ( x on ! religi\s bodies already 9 occupation ( ! soil4 ,! impression made on !m by :at seem$ an irruption ( b>b>ians ( /range language or dialect1 = ! mo/ "p rude1 unskill$1 & illit]ate1 %unn+ z pr(ane ! ,*ri/ian *ur*es ( ! l&1 & b[+ 9 unkn[n rites z devotees ( a sy/em kn[n1 & by no means favorably kn[n1 only ?r\gh polemic lit]ature & hi/ory1 & ?r\gh ! gruesome traditions ( ,puritan & ,presbyt]ian & ,hugu5ot1 0 an impression n f> remov$ f horror2 & ?is impression 0 deep5$ z ! enorm\s proportions ( ?is invasion disclos$ !mselves f ye> to ye>4 ,! s]i\s & n unreasonable fe> t ^! armies ( ali5s1 h&l$ z !y manife/ly 7 by a g5]al%ip t 0 quick to seize & =tify 9 a conspicu\s way ! /rategic po9ts ( influ5ce1 especially 9 ! new ,/ates1 might imp]il or ru9 ! in/itutions & lib]ties ( ! "y ,republic1 0 /imulat$ & exploit$ 9 ! int]e/ ( ent]prises ( evangelization t might c\nt]-"w ! op]ations ( ! invad+ *ur*4 ,! appeals ( ! ,bible & tract societies1 & ( ! v>i\s home mission ag5cies ( ! diff]5t d5om9ations1 z well z ( ! di/9ctively antipop]y societies1 7 po9t$ ) ! al>m le/ ! great ,we/ %\ld fall "u ! dom9ation ( ! papal hi]>*y4 ,naturally ! del9eations ( ! ,roman sy/em & ( its public & social results t 7 pres5t$ to ! public = ^! purposes 7 ( no flatt]+ "*4 ,n hi/ory only1 b contempor>y geography gave w>n+s ( p]il4 ,canada on "o h&1 & ,mexico & ! re/ ( ,spani% ,am]ica on ! o!r1 7 cit$ z liv+ examples ( ! fate :i* might befall ! free ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! apocalyptic prophecies 7 copi\sly drawn ^u = mat]ial ( w>4 ,by processes ( exegesis :i* critical s*ol>%ip reg>ds ) a smile or a %udd]1 ! helpless pope 0 made to figure z ! ,anti*ri/1 ! ,man ( ,s9 & ,son ( ,p]dition1 ! ,sc>let ,woman on ! ,sev5 ,hills1 ! ,little ,horn ,speak+ ,blasphemies1 ! ,bea/1 & ! ,great ,r$ ,dragon4 ,t moiety ( ,*ri/5dom :i*1 sorely z its hi/ory has be5 de=m$ by corruption & p]secution1 viol5tly z x seems to be contra/$ ) ! simplicity ( ! primeval *ur*1 is nev]!less ! spiritual home ( multitudes ( ,*ri/'s well-approv$ s]vants & disciples1 0 held up to gaze z be+ no?+ b ! enemy ( ,*ri/ & 8 cause4 ,! appetite ( ! ,prote/ant public = sc&als at ! exp5se ( _! fell[-,*ri/ians 0 /imulat$ to a morbid gre$9ess & !n ov]f$ ) willful & wick$ fabrications4 ,! effect ( ?is fanaticism on "s hone/ b illogical m9ds 0 :at might h be5 look$ =4 ,br\ght by & by into p]sonal acqua9tance ) ,ca?olic m9i/]s & in/itutions1 & discov]+ ! fraud & inju/ice t _h be5 p]petrat$1 !y sprang by a g5]\s reaction into an attitude ( sympa?y = ! ,roman ,ca?olic sy/em4 ,a m favorable prep>ation ( ! way ( conv]sion to ,rome c\ld n be desir$ by ! skillful propag&i/4 ,"o recognizes a retributive ju/ice 9 ! fact1 :5 notable ga9s to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* are di/9ctly trac$ to ! reaction ( hone/ m5 f ^! fraudul5t polemics4#cbg3a ,! dang] to ! ,republic1 :i* 0 ?us malignantly or ignorantly exagg]at$ & di/ort$1 0 nev]!less real & grave4 ,no s9c]ely e>ne/ & religi\s ,prote/ant1 nor ev5 any well-in=m$ patriotic citiz51 ) ! example ( ,fr5* & ,spani% ,am]ica be=e 8 eyes1 c\ld look ) tol]ance ^u ! prospect ( a possible ,ca?oliciz+ ( ! new ,/ates at ! ,we/2 & ! sight ( ! incessant tide ( immigration sett+ we/w>d1 ! reports ( l>ge funds s5t hi!r f abroad to aid ! propagation ( ! ,roman ,*ur*1 & ! acc\nts ( co/ly & impos+ ecclesia/ical build+s ris+ at ! mo/ important c5t]s ( population1 r\s$ ! ,*ri/ian patriotism ( ! old] ,/ates to ! noble/ ent]prises ( evangelization4 ,!re 0 no wa/+ ( en]gy 9 futile disputation4 ,9 all ! ,prote/ant communions x 0 felt t ! "w call$ = 0 a simple1 peaceful1 & positive "o--to plant ! soil ( ! ,we/1 at ! fir/ occupation ( x by settl]s1 ) ,*ri/ian in/itutions & influ5ces4 ,! imm5sity ( ! task /imulat$ r ?an dismay$ ! zeal ( ! v>i\s *ur*es4 ,! "w und]tak5 & accompli%$ 9 ! tw5ty ye>s f #ahdj to #ahfj 9 provid+ ! newly settl$ regions ) *ur*es1 pa/ors1 colleges1 & !ological sem9>ies1 ) ,sunday-s*ools1 & ) ,bibles & o!r religi\s books1 0 ( a magnitude :i* w nev] be def9$ by /ati/ical figures4 ,h[ great x 01 & at :at co/ x 0 effect$ 9 gifts ( treasure & ( h]oic lives ( toil & self-d5ial1 c only be a matt] ( vague wond] & ?anksgiv+4 ,! "w ( plant+ ! *ur* 9 ! ,we/ exhibits ! volunt>y sy/em at its be/--& at its wor/4 ,a task s va/ & s mom5t\s has nev] be5 impos$ on ! res\rces ( any /ate e/abli%m5t4 ,x is safe to say t no e/abli%$ *ur* has ev] exi/$1 h[ev] imp]ially end[$1 t w\ld h be5 equal to ! und]tak+ ( x4 ,) no impos+ comb9ation ( =ces1 & no /rategic conc]t ( action1 ! "w 0 begun spontane\sly & simultane\sly1 l "s ( ! op]ations ( nature1 by a multitude ( diff]5t ag5cies1 & w5t =w>d un9t]rupt$ to some?+ z ne>ly l complet5ess z c\ld be 9 a "w ! exig5cies ( :i* cont9ually wid5$ beyond all a*ievem5ts4 ,! plant+ ( ! *ur* 9 ! ,we/ is "o ( ! wond]s ( *ur* hi/ory4 ,b ?is noble act ( religi\s devotion 0 by no means a sacrifice )\t blemi%4 ,! sacr$ zeal = advanc+ ,god's reign & righte\sness 0 m+l$ ) _m v human motives 9 ! progress ( x4 ,conspicu\s among ^! 0 ! _s ( sect>ian competition4 ,! wor?y & apo/olic love = k9dr$ accord+ to ! fle% sep>at$ f home & expos$ to ! privations & temptations ( ! fronti]1 ! hone/ anxiety to =e/all ! dom9ation ( a dang]\sly p[]ful religi\s corporation propagat+ p]v]t$ views ( tru?1 ev5 ! desire to advance pr9ciples & =ms ( belief deem$ to be important1 7 infus$ ) a _s ( p>tisan%ip z little spiritual z ! en?usiasm :i* animates ! /ruggles & ! %\t]s at a foot-ball game4 ,! devot$ pione] ( ! gospel on ! fronti]1 see+ 8 "w endang]$ by t ( a rival d5om9ation1 writes to ! c5tral (fice ( 8 sect2 ! bo>d ( missions makes its appeal to ! contribut+ *ur*es2 ! *ur*es respond ) subsidies2 & ! local rivalry 9 ! mission field is press$1 sometimes to a good result1 on ! pr9ciple t competition is ! life ( bus9ess4 ,?us ! fragrance ( ! preci\s o9tm5t ( lov+ sacrifice is p]ceptibly ta9t$1 accord+ to ! w>n+ ( ,ecclesia/es or ! ,prea*]4 ,& yet x is n easy = good m51 be+ m51 /]nly to rebuke ! _s t seems to be effective 9 promot+ ! good cause t !y h at he>t4 ,if ! effect ( ^! emulations on ! contribut+ *ur*es 0 r c>nal ?an spiritual1 ! effect 9 ! mission field 0 worse4 ,! effect 0 se5 9 ! squ&]+ ( money & ( priceless s]vice ( good m5 & wom51 9 ! debilitat+ & demoraliz+ division & subdivision ( ! ,*ri/ian p1 n ( cities & l>ge t[ns1 b ( villages & hamlets & ( ?9ly settl$ f>m+ di/ricts4 ,by ! build+ ( *ur*es & o!r edifices = sect>ian uses1 s*ism 0 e/abli%$ = com+ "t z a ve/$ int]e/4 ,! gifts & s]vice be/[$ 9 ?is cause ) a truly magnific5t lib]ality w\ld h suffic$ to e/abli% ! ,*ri/ian fai? & fell[%ip ?r\gh\t ! new settlem5ts 9 /r5g? & dignity1 9 *ur*es :i*1 in/ead ( l+]+ z puny & dep5d5t nursl+s1 w\ld h gr[n apace to be /rong & heal?y nurs+ mo!rs to new] *ur*es yet4 ,!re is an in/ructive contra/1 n only betwe5 ! work+ ( ! volunt>y sy/em & t ( ! ,old ,_w e/abli%m5ts1 b betwe5 ! me?ods ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* & ! ,prote/ant no-me?od4 ,"u ! control ( a /rong coo]d9at+ au?ority ! competitions ( ! v>i\s ,ca?olic ord]s1 h[ev] %>p1 c\ld nev] be all[$ to run into wa/eful extravagance ?r\gh cross-purposes4 ,x is believ$ t ! ,ca?olics h n erect$ _m monum5ts ( _! own un?rift 9 ! %ape ( co/ly build+s begun1 b left unf9i%$ & ab&on$4 ,a m common incid5t ( _! "w has be5 ! buy+ up ( ^! exp5sive failures1 at a l>ge r$uction f _! co/1 & turn+ !m to useful s]vice4 ,& yet ! pr9ciple ( sect>ian competition is bo? recogniz$ & utiliz$ 9 ! ,roman sy/em4 ,! v>i\s cl]ical sects1 ) _! *>act]i/ic names1 co/umes1 me?ods1 & doctr9al diff]5ces1 h _! recogniz$ aptitudes = v>i\s sorts ( "w1 ) :i* _! names are /rongly associat$3 ! ,dom9ican = pulpit eloqu5ce1 ! ,capu*9 = r\gh-&-ready /reet-prea*+1 ! ,b5$ict9e = lit]>y "w1 ! ,sulpitian = ! tra9+ ( prie/s1 & ! ubiquit\s ,jesuit = %ifty g5]al utility ) a specialty ( s*ool-keep+4 ,^! & a multitude ( o!r ord]s1 male & female1 h be5 effectively & usefully employ$ 9 ! ardu\s labor ,romanam cond]e g5tem4 ,b x w\ld seem t ! sup]ior /ability ( ! pres5t ent]prise ( plant+ ,ca?olicism 9 ! doma9 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z comp>$ ) =m] exp5sive failures1 0 due 9 "s "p to ! l>g] employm5t ( a diocesan p>i% cl]gy in/ead ( a disproportionate reliance on ! regul>s4 ,on ! :ole1 not)/&+ its imm5se armies ( immigrants & ! devot$ labors ( its prie/s1 & not)/&+ its great expansion1 visible ev]y:]e 9 conspicu\s monum5ts ( ar*itecture1 ! ,ca?olic advance 9 ,am]ica has n be51 comp>atively speak+1 successful4 ,= "o ?+1 ! campaign 0 c>ri$ on too f> f its base ( supplies4 ,! subsidies f ,lyons & ,vi5na1 lib]al z !y 71 7 no mat* = ! home mission>y zeal ( ! seabo>d ,/ates 9 foll[+ _! own sons we/w>d ) *ur* & gospel & pa/or4 ,ev5 ! conditions :i* made possible ! sup]ior managem5t & economy ( res\rces1 bo? mat]ial & p]sonal1 among ! ,ca?olics1 7 att5d$ ) comp5sat+ drawbacks4 ,) ^! advantages !y c\ld n h ! imm5se advantage ( ! popul> initiative4 ,9 ,prote/antism ! p 7 ! *ur*1 & ! m9i/] 0 *ief among ! p only by virtue ( be+ s]vant ( all2 ! p 7 incit$ to take up ! "w = _! own & c>ry x on at _! be/ discretion2 & !y 7 free to make wa/eful & disa/r\s blund]s & le>n !refrom by exp]i5ce4 ,) f> great] exp5diture ( funds1 !y make no comp>ison ) _! bre?r5 ( ! ,roman ob$i5ce 9 /ately & sumptu\s build+s at great c5t]s ( comm]ce & travel4 ,b !y h cov]$ ! face ( ! l& ) c\ntry meet+-h\ses1 twice z _m z !re 0 any wor?y use =1 9 :i* fai?ful s]vice is r5d]$ to subdivid$ congregations by und]paid m9i/]s1 en\gh 9 numb]1 if !y 7 wisely di/ribut$1 = ! evangelization ( ! :ole cont95t2 & ea* c\ntry meet+-h\se is a mission /ation1 & its congregation1 m51 wom51 & *ildr51 are mission>ies4 ,?us x has come ab\t1 9 ! language ( ! e>ne/ ,ca?olic f ! once ,ca?olic city ( ,new ,orleans1 t ! nation1 ! gov]nm5t1 ! :ole p1 rema9 solidly ,prote/ant4#cca3a ,great t]ritories orig9ally discov]$ by ,ca?olic explor]s & plant$ 9 ! "n ( ! *ur* by ,ca?olic mission>ies & coloni/s1 & m lately occupi$ by ,ca?olic immigrants 9 :at seem$ ov]:elm+ numb]s1 are n[ ! seat ( free & p[]ful commonweal?s 9 :i* ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is only "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful & b5efic5t ( ! ,*ri/ian sects1 :ile ! in/itutions & influ5ces :i* *>act]ize _! society are pr$om9antly ,prote/ant4 ,9 ! we/w>d propagation ( ,prote/antism1 z well z ( ,ca?olicism1 ! di/9ctive attributes ( ! sev]al sects or ord]s is /rik+ly illu/rat$4 ,=emo/ 9 ! pione] "w ( ! *ur* are easily to be recogniz$ ! ,me?odi/s & ! ,bapti/s1 "o ! mo/ solidly organiz$ ( ! ,prote/ant sects1 ! o!r ! mo/ uncompact & individuali/2 ! fir/ by virtue ( ! supple milit>y organization ( its great corps ( it9]ants1 ! o!r by ! simplicity & popul> appreh5sibl5ess ( its di/9ctive t5ets & argum5ts & ! aggressive ardor ) :i* x inspires all its conv]ts1 & bo? by _! facility 9 recruit+ _! m9i/ry f ! rank & file ( ! *ur*1 )\t exclud+ any by arbitr>ily impos$ conditions4 ,! ,presbyt]ians 7 heavily cumb]$ = advance "w by traditions & rules :i* !y 7 rigidly reluctant to yield or b5d1 ev5 :5 ! reason = ! rule 0 sup]s$$ by high] reasons4 ,! argum5t = a le>n$ m9i/ry is d\btless a weighty "o2 b x does n suffice to prove t :5 college-br$ m5 are n to be _h x is bett] t ! p h no m9i/] at all4 ,!re is virtue 9 ! rule ( m9i/]ial p>ity2 b x %\ld n be all[$ to h9d] ! *ur* f employ+ 9 humbl] spiritual functions m5 :o fall bel[ ! prescrib$ /&>d4 ,?is ! *ur*1 9 c\rse ( "t1 discov]$1 & in/itut$ a m9or ord] ( m9i/]s1 "u ! title ( colporteurs4 ,b x 0 timidly & t>dily done1 & !re=e ineffectively4 ,! ,presbyt]ians lo/ _! place 9 ! skirmi%-l9e2 b t :i* _h be5 _! h9drance 9 ! advance "w gave !m great advantage 9 settl$ communities1 9 :i* = _m ye>s !y took prec$5ce 9 ! build+ up ( /rong & intellig5t congregations4 ,to ! ,congregationali/s belongs an honor 9 ! pa/ :i*1 9 rec5t g5]ations1 !y h n be5 jeal\s to reta94 ,beyond any sect1 except ! ,moravians1 !y h *]i%$ t *>ity :i* seeke? n h] own4 ,! e>lie/ lead]s 9 ! organization ( s*emes ( national b5efic5ce 9 cooep]ation ) o!rs1 !y h su/a9$ !m ) unselfi% lib]ality1 )\t reg>d to returns ( sect>ian advantage4 ,! results ( _! labor are l>gely to be trac$ 9 ! upbuild+ ( o!r sects4 ,_! specialty 9 evangelization has be5 t ( ! religi\s educators ( ! nation4 ,!y h be5 preem95tly ! build]s ( colleges & !ological sem9>ies4 ,to !m1 also1 belongs ! lead]%ip 9 religi\s j\rnalism4 ,n only ! j\rnals ( _! own sect & ! und5om9ational j\rnals1 b also to a notable ext5t ! religi\s j\rnals ( o!r d5om9ations1 h dep5d$ = _! effici5cy on m5 br$ 9 ! discipl9e ( ,congregationalism4 ,x is no j reproa* to ! ,episcopalians t !y 7 t>dy 9 ent]+ ! field ( home missions4 ,:5 we rememb] t x is only s9ce #ahaa t !y h em]g$ f num]ical insignificance1 we f9d _! contribution to ! plant+ ( ! *ur* 9 ! new settlem5ts to be a highly honorable "o4 ,by a suicidal compact ! guileless ,evangelical p>ty agre$1 9 #ahce1 to take direction ( ! =eign missions ( ! *ur*1 & leave ! home field "u ! direction ( ! aggressive ,high-*ur* p>ty4 ,x surr5d]$ its "p 9 ! future ( ! *ur*1 & det]m9$ ! type ( ,episcopalianism t 0 to be plant$ 9 ! ,we/4#ccc3a ,ent]+ ?us late into ! "w1 & t ) /9t$ res\rces1 ! ,episcopal ,*ur* :olly miss$ ! apo/olic glory ( n build+ on o!r m5's f\ndations4 ,com+ ) ! highe/ pret5sions to exclusive au?ority1 its "w 0 v l>gely a "w ( proselyt+ f o!r ,*ri/ian sects4 ,b ?is "w 0 prosp]\sly c>ri$ on2 & al?\gh n 9 itself a "w ( ! highe/ dignity1 & al?\gh ! me?ods ( x (t5 bore a pa9fully s*ismatic "*1 !re is little room = d\bt t ! results ( x h enri*$ & /r5g!n$ ! common ,*ri/ianity ( ,am]ica4 ,its specialties 9 ! plant+ "w h be5 ! sett+ ( a wor?y example ( dignity & simplicity 9 ! conduct ( div9e wor%ip1 & 9 g5]al ( effici5cy 9 ! adm9i/ration ( a p>i%1 &1 above all1 ! successful h&l+ ( ! imm5sely difficult duties impos$ ^u ,*ri/ian congregations 9 great cities1 :]e ! ,episcopal ,*ur* has its *ief /r5g? & its mo/ effective "w4 ,"o mu/ ne$s asc5d to a c]ta9 altitude above ! common level 9 ord] to disc]n a sub/antial resultant unity ( movem5t 9 ! /r5u\s rivalries & ev5 antagonisms ( ! _m sects ( ! "o *ur* ( ,*ri/ 9 ,am]ica 9 t critical qu>t]-c5tury f ! ye> #ahce to ! outbreak ( ! ,civil ,w>1 9 :i* ! "w ( ! *ur* 0 sudd5ly exp&$ by ! addition ( a :ole empire ( t]ritory on ! we/1 & ! br++ 9 ( a :ole empire ( ali5 population f ! ea/1 & :5 no "o ( ! ,*ri/ian =ces ( ! nation c\ld be sp>$ f ! field4 ,! unity is v real1 & is visible en\gh1 d\btless1 f ! circle ( ! heav5s4 ,! %>]s 9 ! toil & conflict & ! ne> spectators are n well plac$ to obs]ve x4 ,x w be = hi/orians 9 "s lat] c5tury to /udy x 9 a tru] p]spective4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x is n only z fall+ )9 ?is p]iod ( immigration1 b z be+ l>gely dep5d5t on its accessions f =eign l&s1 t ! gr[? ( ,mormonism is entitl$ to m5tion 9 ?is *apt]4 ,9 its orig9 ,mormonism is di/9ctly ,am]ican--a sy/em ( gross1 palpable impo/ure contriv$ by a disreputable adv5tur]1 ,joe ,smi?1 ) ! aid ( ?ree conf$]ates1 :o aft]w>d confess$ ! fraud & p]jury ( :i* !y _h be5 guilty4 ,x is a %ame to human nature t ! silly lies put =? by ?is preci\s gang %\ld h f\nd believ]s4 ,b ! solemn pret5sions to div9e revelation1 mix$ ) elem5ts borr[$ f ! preval5t revivalism1 & f ! imm$iate adv5tism :i* s easily captivates excitable imag9ations1 drew a numb] ( hone/ dupes into ! tra9 ( ! knavi% lead]s1 & made possible ! pitiable hi/ory :i* foll[$4 ,! *ief recruit+-gr\nds = ! new religion 7 n 9 ,am]ica1 b 9 ! manufactur+ & m9+ regions ( ,great ,brita91 & 9 "s ( ! c\ntries1 especially ! ,sc&9avian c\ntries1 ( cont95tal ,europe4 ,! able h&l+ ( an emigration fund1 & ! dext]\s comb9ation ( appeals to _m passions & int]e/s at once1 h avail$ to draw toge!r 9 ! ,/ate ( ,utah & neighbor+ regions a body ( fanatics =midable to ! ,republic1 n by _! numb]1 = !y c\nt only ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty ?\s&1 b by ! solidity ) :i* !y are compact$ into a political1 economical1 religi\s1 &1 at ne$1 milit>y community1 h&l$ at w by unscrupul\s *iefs4 ,x is only incid5tally t ! /range /ory ( ! ,mormons1 a /ory s+ul>ly dramatic & sometimes tragic1 is connect$ ) ! hi/ory ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity4#cce3a ,to ?is same p]iod belongs ! beg9n+ ( ! immigration ( ! ,*9ese1 :i*1 l t ( ! ,mormons1 becomes by & by important to our subject z furni%+ occasion = active & fruitful mission>y labors4 ,9 ! ye> #ahdc culm9at$ ! panic agitation ( ,mill]ism4 ,f ! ye> #ahca an hone/ ,v]mont f>m] nam$ ,william ,mill] _h be5 urg+ ^u ! public1 9 pamphlets & lectures1 8 views ( ! approa*+ adv5t ( ,*ri/ to judgm5t & ! de/ruction ( ! _w4 ,he _h figur$ x out on ! basis ( prophecies 9 ,daniel & ! ,revelation1 & ! great ev5t 0 set d[n = ,april #bc1 #ahdc4 ,z ! date drew ne> ! excitem5t ( _m became int5se4 ,great meet+s 7 held1 9 ! op5 air or 9 t5ts1 ( ^? :o wi%$ to be f\nd wait+ = ! ,"l4 ,"s nobly prov$ _! s9c]ity by ! surr5d] ( _! prop]ty = ! support ( _! poor] bre?r5 until ! end %\ld come4 ,! awful day 0 await$ ) gl[+ rapture ( hope1 or by "s ) t]ror4 ,:5 x dawn$ !re 0 eag] gaz+ ^u ! cl\ds ( heav5 to descry ! sign ( ! ,son ( man4 ,& :5 ! day _h pass$ )\t ev5t !re 7 v>i\s revulsions ( feel+4 ,! prophets set !mselves to go+ ov] _! figures & fix+ new dates2 e>ne/ believ]s1 sob]$ by ! failure ( _! pi\s expectations1 held firmly to ! sub/ance ( _! fai? & hope1 :ile no long] attempt+ to "k times & seasons1 :i* ! ,fa!r ha? put )9 8 own p[]2 weak m9ds made %ipwreck ( fai?2 & sc(f]s cri$ 9 d]ision1 ,:]e is ! promise ( 8 com+8 ,a monum5t ( ?is hone/ delusion /ill exi/s 9 ! n v consid]able sect ( ,adv5ti/s1 ) its subdivisions2 b sympa?iz]s ) _! g5]al s*eme ( prophetical int]pretation are to be f\nd among ! mo/ e>ne/ & fai?ful memb]s ( o!r *ur*es4 ,su* has be5 ! progress ( ,scriptural k s9ce ! days :5 ,f>m] ,mill] w5t to "w ) 8 ari?metic & slate ^u ! /range symbols & enigmatic figures ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t ,apocalypses1 t pla9 ,*ri/ians ev]y:]e h n[ ! means ( kn[+ t ! l9es ( calculation along :i* good p 7 l$ into delusion a half-c5tury ago />t$ f utt]ly fallaci\s premises4 ,x is to ! fidelity ( critical s*ol>s t we owe x t h]eaft]1 except among ! ignorant & un9tellig5t1 ^! two books1 n[ cle>ly und]/ood1 w n aga9 be us$ to m9i/] to ! panic ( a ,mill]ite craze1 nor to furni% vitup]ative epi!ts = antipop]y agitators4 ,to ?is p]iod also mu/ be ref]r$ ! rise ( t sy/em ( necromancy :i*1 orig9at+ 9 ,am]ica1 has _h great vogue 9 o!r c\ntries1 & "h 9 its native l& has tak5 su* =m z really to con/itute a new cult4 ,mak+ no m5tion ( sporadic in/ances ( :at 9 e>li] g5]ations w\ld h be5 call$ 7& prop]ly en\gh7 by ! "n ( wit*craft1 we f9d ! beg9n+ ( s-call$ spiritualism 9 ! ,ro*e/] rapp+s1 produc$1 to ! wond] ( _m witnesses1 by ! ,fox girls 9 #ahdi4 ,h[ ! rapp+s & o!r s5sible ph5om5a 7 produc$ 0 a curi\s "q1 b n important2 ! ma9 "q 01 ,did !y convey communications f ! spirits ( ! dead1 z ! "y wom5 alleg$1 & z _m p]sons believ$ 7s !y ?\ght7 f demon/rative evid5ce8 ,! m]e sugge/ion ( ! possibility ( ?is ( c\rse awak5$ an inquisitive & eag] int]e/ ev]y:]e4 ,x became ! subject ( univ]sal discussion & exp]im5t 9 society4 ,!re 0 dem& = o!r m$iums to satisfy curiosity or aid inve/igation2 & ! dem& at once produc$ a copi\s supply4 ,! bus9ess ( m$ium became a regul> pr(ession1 op5+ a c>e] especially to ent]pris+ wom54 ,!y began to draw toge!r believ]s & d\bt]s into circles & seances1 & to organize p]man5t associations4 ,at ! end ( t5 ye>s ! ,spiritual ,regi/] = #ahei1 boa/+ great ?+s1 e/imat$ ! actual spirituali/s 9 ,am]ica at #a1ejj1jjj1 besides #d1jjj1jjj m p>tly conv]t$4 ,! late/ c5sus gives ! total memb]%ip ( _! associations z #de1jcj4 ,b ?is mod]ate figure %\ld n be tak5 z ! measure ( ! influ5ce ( _! lead+ t5et4 ,!re are n a few hone/ ,*ri/ians :o are conv9c$ t communications d sometimes take place betwe5 ! dead & ! liv+2 !re are a great multitude :o are dispos$1 9 a vague way1 to ?9k !re mu/ be some?+ 9 x4 ,b !re are few ev5 ( ! e>ne/ devotees ( ! spirituali/ cult :o w d5y t ! :ole bus9ess is infe/$ ) fraud1 :e!r ( di%one/ m$iums or ( ly+ spirits4 ,( late ye>s ! g5]al public has come into possession ( mat]ial = indep5d5t judgm5t on ?is po9t4 ,an e>ne/ spirituali/1 a man ( weal?1 nam$ ,seyb]t1 dy+1 left to ! ,univ]sity ( ,p5nsylvania a legacy ( sixty ?\s& doll>s1 on condition t ! univ]sity %\ld appo9t a commission to inve/igate ! claims ( spiritualism4 ,a commission 0 appo9t$ :i* left no?+ to be desir$ 9 po9t ( ability1 integrity1 & imp>tiality4 ,"u ! presid5cy ( ! r5[n$ ,pr(essor ,joseph ,leidy1 & ) ! aid & advice ( lead+ believ]s 9 spiritualism1 !y made a long1 pati5t1 fai?ful inve/igation1 ! processes & results ( :i* are publi%$ 9 a mo/ amus+ little volume4#cch3a ,! gi/ ( _! report may be briefly summ$ up4 ,e case ( alleg$ communication f ! _w ( dep>t$ spirits t 0 inve/igat$ by ! commission 7& !y 7 guid$ 9 _! selection ( cases by ! advice ( em95t & respectable believ]s 9 spiritualism7 0 discov]$ & demon/rat$ to be a case ( gross1 willful attempt$ fraud4 ,! evid5ce is /rong t ! organiz$ sy/em ( spiritualism 9 ,am]ica1 ) its associations & lyceums & annual camp-meet+s1 & its it9]ancy ( m$iums & trance speak]s1 is a sy/em ( m]e impo/ure4 ,9 ! hone/ simplicity ( _m ( its foll[]s1 & 9 ! wick$ m5dacity ( its lead]s1 x seems to be on a p> ) ! o!r ,am]ican contribution to ! religions ( ! _w1 ,mormonism4 ,,footnotes3 #caf3a ,= cond5s$ /ati/ics ( ,am]ican immigration1 see ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1 #i? ed41 s4 vv4 ,emigration & ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,= ! facts conc]n+ ! ,roman ,empire "o naturally has rec\rse to ,gibbon4 ,f ! indications !re giv5 we d n get ! impression t 9 ! ?ree c5turies ( ! /ruggle ( ! empire aga9/ ! b>b>ians !re 0 ev] su* a ?irty ye>s' flood ( invasion z ! immigration into ! ,unit$ ,/ates f #ahdj to #ahfi4 ,! entrance into ! ,roman ,empire 0 inde$ l>gely 9 ! =m ( arm$ invasion2 b ! mo/ de/ructive influ5ce ( ! b>b>ians 0 :5 !y 7 admitt$ z fri5ds & naturaliz$ z citiz5s4 ,see ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1 vol4 xx41 pp4 #ggi1 #ghj4 #cah3a ,jacobs1 ,! ,lu!rans1 p4 #ddf4 #cba3a ,bi%op ,o',gorman1 ,! ,roman ,ca?olics1 p4 #cge4 ,! atrocity ( su* a plot seems incr$ible4 ,we %\ld h class$ x at once ) ! ,m>ia ,monk /ory1 & o!r fabul\s horrors ( ,dr4 ,br[nlee's ,prote/ant ,society1 b t we f9d x 9 ! sob] & dispassionate pages ( ,bi%op ,o',gorman's ,hi/ory1 :i* is d]iv$ f orig9al s\rces ( in=mation4 ,if any?+ c\ld h ju/ifi$ ! animosity ( ! native ,am]icans 7:o1 by ! way1 7 widely suspect$ to be1 9 l>ge proportion1 native ,ul/]m57 x w\ld h be5 ! f9d+ ( evid5ce ( su* facts z ?is :i* ,bi%op ,o',gorman has disclos$4 #cba3b ,! subject is review$ 9 detail1 f opposite po9ts ( view1 by ,bi%op ,o',gorman1 pp4 #dhi-ejj1 & by ,dr4 ,daniel ,dor*e/]1 ,*ri/ianity 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 pp4 #fah-fba4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rec5t e/imates is t pres5t$ to ! ,ca?olic ,congress at ,*icago1 9 #ahic1 9 a rem>kable spee* by ,mr4 ,m4 ,t4 ,eld]1 ( ,new ,orleans4 ,speak+ ( ! losses su/a9$ by ! *ur* 9 ?is c\ntry1 plac$ by a cons]vative e/imate at tw5ty millions ( p1 he laid ! responsibility = ?is ^u neglect ( immigration & colonization1 i4e41 neglect ( ! rural population4 ,f ?is results a long tra9 ( losses4 ,he add$3 ,:5 ,i see h[ l>gely ,ca?olicity is repres5t$ among our hoodlum elem5t1 ,i feel 9 no spread-eagle mood4 ,:5 ,i note h[ few ,ca?olics are engag$ 9 hone/ly till+ ! hone/ soil1 & h[ _m ,ca?olics are engag$ 9 ! liquor traffic1 ,i _c talk buncombe to anybody4 ,:5 ,i reflect t out ( ! #gj1jjj1jjj ( ?is nation we numb] only #i1jjj1jjj1 & t out ( t #i1jjj1jjj s l>ge a proportion is made up ( poor factory h&s1 poor mill & %op & m9e & railroad employees1 poor gov]nm5t cl]ks1 ,i /ill fail to f9d mat]ial = buncombe or spread-eagle or taffy-giv+4 ,& :o c look at our pa/ hi/ory & feel pr\d ( our pres5t /atus8 ,he advocat$ z a rem$y = ?is pres5t /ate ( ?+s a movem5t t[>d colonization1 ) especial att5tion to ext5sion ( educational advantages = rural ,ca?olics1 & in/ruction ( urban ,ca?olics 9 ! advantages ( rural life4 ,= s long z ! rural ,s\?1 ! pa/oral ,we/1 ! agricultural ,ea/1 ! f>m+ ,middle ,/ates1 rema9 solidly ,prote/ant1 z !y n[ are1 s long w ?is nation1 ?is gov]nm5t1 ?is :ole p1 rema9 solidly ,prote/ant 7,! ,_w's ,p>liam5t ( ,religions1 pp4 #adad1 #adae74 ,x is a fact n easy to be acc\nt$ = t ! /ati/ics ( no ,*ri/ian communion 9 ,am]ica are s defective1 unc]ta91 & g5]ally unsatisfactory z ^? ( ! mo/ solidly organiz$ & completely sy/ematiz$ ( !m all1 ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 #cbe3a ,p>liam5t ( ,religions1 p4 #adag4 ,an obvi\s v]bal mispr9t is correct$ 9 ! quotation4 #cbg3a ,bi%op ,o',gorman1 pp4 #dci1 #ddj4 ,james ,p>ton1 9 ! ,atlantic ,mon?ly1 ,april & ,may1 #ahfh4 ,s lately z ! ye> #ahfi a long li/ ( volumes ( ?is sc&al\s rubbi% cont9u$ to be (f]$ to ! public1 "u ! indorsem5t ( em95t names1 by ! ,am]ican & ,=eign ,*ri/ian ,union1 until ! society 0 driv5 by public exposure into )draw+ !m f sale4 ,see ,! ,lit]ature ( ! ,com+ ,controv]sy1 9 ,putnam's ,magaz9e = ,janu>y1 #ahfi4 #cca3a ,spee* ( ,mr4 ,m4 ,t4 ,eld]1 ( ,new ,orleans1 9 ! ,ca?olic ,congress at ,*icago1 #ahic1 quot$ above1 p4 #cbb1 note4 #ccc3a ,tiffany1 ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 p4 #dei4 #cce3a ,c>roll1 ,religi\s ,=ces ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 pp4 #afe-agd2 ,bi%op ,tuttle1 9 ,s*aff-,h]zog ,encyclop$ia1 pp4 #aege-aeha2 ,pr(essor ,john ,fras]1 9 ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1 vol4 xvi41 pp4 #hbe-hbh2 ,dor*e/]1 ,*ri/ianity 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 pp4 #ech-fdf4 #cch3a ,report ( ! ,seyb]t ,commission1 ,philadelphia1 ,lipp9cott4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,! ,,civil ,,w>--,,antec$5ts ,,& ,,consequ5ces4 ,x has be5 obs]v$ t = ne>ly half a g5]ation aft] ! reaction began f ! f]vid excitem5t ( ! ,mill]ite agitation no season ( g5]al revival 0 kn[n 9 ! ,am]ican *ur*4 ,^! 7 ye>s ( imm5se mat]ial prosp]ity1 ! gold5 age ( our hi/ory4#cdj3a ,! weal? ( ! nation 9 t "t f> m ?an d\bl$2 its railroad mileage m ?an ?reefold$2 population mov$ we/w>d ) rapidity & volume beyond prec$5t4 ,betwe5 #ahde & #ahfj !re 7 admitt$ sev5 new ,/ates & f\r organiz$ ,t]ritories4 ,)al x 0 a "t ( cont9ually deep5+ int5sity ( political agitation4 ,! pat*work ( compromises & settlem5ts contriv$ by make-%ift politicians l ,clay & ,d\glas w\ld n hold2 !y tore out1 & ! r5t 0 made worse4 ,"p ( ! ,compromise ( #ahej1 :i* 0 to be some?+ altoge!r sempit]nal1 0 a ,fugitive ,slave ,law s /udi\sly base & wick$ 9 its provisions z to /ir ! indignation ( j & g5]\s m5 :5ev] x 0 en=c$1 & to in/ruct & /r5g!n & consolidate an intellig5t & consci5ti\s opposition to slav]y z n a c5tury ( antislav]y lectur+ & pamphlete]+ c\ld h done4 ,f\r ye>s lat] ! sagaci\s ,/eph5 ,d\glas introduc$ into ,congress 8 +5i\s p]man5t pacification s*eme = tak+ ! slav]y "q out ( politics by p]fidi\sly repeal+ ! act "u :i* ! we/]n ,t]ritories _h = ! ?ird "p ( a c5tury be5 pl$g$ to fre$om1 & leav+ ! "q ( fre$om or slav]y to be decid$ by ! fir/ settl]s ^u ! soil4 ,x 0 und]/ood on bo? sides t ! effect ( ?is measure w\ld be to turn ov] ! soil ( ,kansas to slav]y2 & = a mom5t !re 0 a calm t did almo/ seem l peace4 ,b ! provid5tial man = ! em]g5cy1 ,eli ,?ay]1 boldly accept$ ! *all5ge "u all ! disadvantage\s conditions1 & appeal$ to ! fri5ds ( fre$om & righte\sness to /& by him 9 ! ,kansas ,crusade4 ,! appeal 0 to ! same ,*ri/ian s5tim5t :i* _h j utt]$ its va9 prote/1 ?r\gh ! almo/ unanim\s voice ( ! m9i/]s ( ! gospel1 aga9/ ! op5+ ( ! ,t]ritories to ! possibility ( slav]y4 ,x 0 tak5 up 9 ! solemn _s ( religi\s duty4 ,none :o 7 pres5t are likely to =get ! sc5e :5 ! emigrants f ,new ,hav5 assembl$ 9 ! ,nor? ,*ur* to be sp$ on _! way ) pray] & b5$iction2 h[ ! va/ multitude 7 ?rill$ by ! noble eloqu5ce ( ,bee*]1 & h[ money came out ( pocket :5 x 0 propos$ to equip ! coloni/s ) arms = self-def5se aga9/ ! f]ocity ( bord] ruffians4 ,!re 7 sc5es l ?is 9 _m a *ur* & c\ntry pray]-meet+1 :]e ,*ri/ian he>ts did n =get to pray = !m 9 bonds1 z b\nd ) !m4 ,!re took place su* a religi\s emigration z ,am]ica _h n kn[n s9ce ! days ( ! fir/ coloni/s4 ,!y w5t =? s++ ! words ( ,:itti]3 ,we cross ! prairies z ( old ,our fa!rs cross$ ! sea1 ,to make ! ,we/1 z !y ! ,ea/1 ,! empire ( ! free4 ,^? 7 *oice companies2 x 0 said t 9 "s ( _! settlem5ts e ?ird man 0 a college graduate4 ,?us x 0 t1 n all at once1 b aft] desp]ate tribulations1 ,kansas 0 sav$ = fre$om4 ,x 0 ! turn+-po9t 9 ! irrepressible conflict4 ,! beam ( ! scales1 :i* politicians _h = =ty ye>s be5 try+ to hold level1 dipp$ 9 favor ( lib]ty & ju/ice1 & x 0 hopeless !nce=? to re/ore ! balance4#cdb3a ,nei!r ( ! two *>act]i/ics ( ?is "t1 ! ab\nd+ mat]ial prosp]ity or ! turbid political agitation1 0 favorable to t fix$ att5tion to spiritual !mes :i* promotes ! revival ( religion4 ,b ! conditions 7 ab\t to be sudd5ly *ang$4 ,sudd5ly1 9 ! fall ( #aheg1 came a bus9ess revulsion4 ,h>d times foll[$4 ,m5 _h leisure = ?\ght & pray]1 & anxieties t !y 7 fa9 to ca/ ^u ,god1 seek+ help & direction4 ,! happy ?\ght occurr$ to a good man1 ,j]emiah ,lanphi]1 9 ! employ ( ! old ,nor? ,dut* ,*ur* 9 ,new ,york1 to op5 a room 9 ! consi/ory build+ 9 ,fulton ,/reet z an oratory = ! common pray] ( s _m bus9ess m5 z might be dispos$ to ga!r !re 9 ! h\r f twelve to "o o'clock1 ) "o accord to make _! common supplications4 ,! invitation 0 respond$ to at fir/ by h>dly m ?an two or ?ree4 ,! numb] grew4 ,! room ov]fl[$4 ,a second room 0 op5$1 & !n a ?ird1 9 ! same build+1 till all its walls res\nd$ ) pray] & song4 ,! example 0 foll[$ until at "o "t1 9 ! spr+ ( #aheh1 no few] ?an tw5ty daily union pray]-meet+s 7 su/a9$ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! city4 ,besides ^!1 !re 0 prea*+ at unwont$ times & places4 ,burton's ,!at]1 on ,*amb]s ,/reet1 9 ! ?ick ( ! bus9ess h\ses1 0 ?rong$ ) eag] li/5]s to ! rudim5tal tru?s ( p]sonal religion1 exp\nd$ & appli$ by great prea*]s4 ,ev]y:]e ! c>d9al topics ( practical religi\s duty1 rep5tance & ,*ri/ian fai?1 7 !mes ( social conv]sation4 ,all *ur*es & m9i/]s 7 full ( activity & hope4 ,!y t fe>$ ! ,"l spake (t5 "o ) ano!r4 ,:at 0 true ( ,new ,york 0 true1 9 its measure1 ( e city1 village1 & hamlet 9 ! l&4 ,x 0 ! ,"l's do+1 m>vel\s 9 m5's eyes4 ,!re 0 no human lead]%ip or conc]t ( action 9 br++ x ab\t4 ,x came4 ,n only 7 !re no notable evangeli/s travel+ ! c\ntry2 ev5 ! pa/ors ( *ur*es did little m ?an ent] zeal\sly into _! happy duty 9 ?+s made ready to _! h&4 ,else:]e1 z at ,new ,york1 ! "w began ) ! spontane\s ga!r+ ( private ,*ri/ians1 /irr$ by an unse5 influ5ce4 ,two circum/ances t5d$ to promote ! diffusion ( ! revival4 ,! ,"y ,m5's ,*ri/ian ,association1 !n a rec5t b rapidly spread+ in/itution1 furni%$ a natural c5t] 9 ea* consid]able t[n = mutual consultation & mutual incitem5t among "y m5 ( v>i\s sects4 ,= ?is 0 ano!r trait ( ! revival1 t x w5t =w>d z a tide movem5t ( ! :ole *ur*1 9 disreg>d ( ! divid+-l9es ( sect4 ,i "k n :at ,*ri/ian communion1 if any1 0 unaffect$ by x4 ,! o!r favorable circum/ance 0 ! bus9ess int]e/ tak5 9 ! revival by ! secul> press4 ,up to ?is "t ! *ur* _h be5 little accu/om$ to look = cooep]ation to ! newspap]1 unless x 0 ! religi\s weekly4 ,b at ?is "t t 0 fulfill$ :i* 0 spok5 ( ! prophet1 t hol9ess to ! ,"l %\ld be writt5 ^u ! tra9s ( comm]ce & ^u all secul> ?+s4 ,! s5sation head-l9es 9 ent]pris+ j\rnals proclaim$ ,revival ,news1 & sm>t report]s 7 detail$ to ! pray]-meet+ or ! s]mon1 z hav+ great] popul> int]e/1 = ! "t1 ?an ! crim9al trial or ! political debate4 ,su* pap]s z ! ,tribune & ! ,h]ald1 lay+ on m5's breakfa/-tables & c\nt+-room desks ! late/ pung5t ^w f ! noon pray]-meet+ or ! ev5+ s]mon1 did ! "w ( _m tract societies4 ,z ! imm$iate result ( ! revival ( #aheg-eh x has be5 e/imat$ t "o million ( memb]s 7 add$ to ! fell[%ip ( ! *ur*es4 ,b ! ult]ior result 0 great]4 ,?is revival 0 ! introduction to a new era ( ! nation's spiritual life4 ,x 0 ! tra9+-s*ool = a =ce ( lay evangeli/s = future "w1 em95t among :om is ! "n ( ,dwight ,moody4 ,&1 l ! ,great ,awak5+ ( #agdj1 x 0 ! provid5tial prep>ation ( ! ,am]ican *ur* = an imm$iately imp5d+ p]il ! gravity ( :i* !re 7 none at ! "t f>-sight$ en\gh to pr$ict4 ,look+ backw>d1 x is in/ructive = u to raise ! "q h[ ! *ur* w\ld h pass$ ?r\gh ! decade ( ! sixties )\t ! spiritual re9=cem5t t came to x amid ! p5teco/al sc5es ( #aheg & #aheh4 ,& yet !re 7 ^? among ! old m5 :o 7 ready to weep z !y comp>$ ! build+ ( ! ,"l's h\se ) :at !y _h kn[n 9 _! y\ng] days3 no su/a9$ en=cem5t on ! m9d & consci5ce ( al>m+ & he>t-se>*+ doctr9es2 no protract$ meet+s 9 :i* f day to day ! w>n+s & invitations ( ! gospel 7 set =? be=e ! hesitat+ m9d2 9 ! conv]ts no sev]e & ?or\gh law-"w1 f ! agoniz+ ?roes ( :i* ! s\l 0 ) no brief travail born to newness ( life2 b ! free invitation1 ! ready & glad acceptance1 ! prompt enrollm5t on ! ,"l's side4 ,did n ^! ?+s betok5 a sup]ficial piety1 spr++ up l se$ 9 ! ?9 soil ( rocky places8 ,x 0 a "q = lat] ye>s to answ]1 & p]haps we h n ! :ole ( ! answ] yet4 ,c]ta9ly ! "w 0 n z 9 ! days ( ,edw>ds & ,bra9]d1 nor z 9 ! days ( ,nettleton & ,f9ney2 0 x n1 p]haps1 m l ! "w 9 ! days ( ,b>nabas & ,paul & ,pet]8 99 99 99 99 99 ,x does n appe> t ! spiritual quick5+ ( #aheg _h any effect 9 allay+ ! %>p controv]sy betwe5 nor!rn & s\!rn ,*ri/ians on ! subject ( slav]y4 ,p]haps x may h deep5$ & int5sifi$ x4 ,! s\!rn apo/asy1 f pr9ciples univ]sally accept$ 9 #ahah1 _h become complete & 7s f> z any utt]ance 0 p]mitt$ to rea* ! public7 unanim\s4 ,! s\!rn ,me?odi/s & ! s\!rn ,bapti/s _h1 a doz5 ye>s be=e1 reliev$ !mselves f liability to rebuke1 :e!r express or impli$1 f _! nor!rn bre?r5 = complicity ) ! crimes involv$ 9 slav]y1 by sec$+ f fell[%ip4 ,into ! c\ncils ( ! ,episcopalians & ! ,ca?olics ?is great "q ( public morality 0 nev] all[$ to ent]4 ,! ,presbyt]ians 7 divid$ into two bodies1 ea* hav+ its nor!rn & its s\!rn presbyt]ies2 & ! c\rse ( ev5ts 9 ^! two bodies may be tak5 z an indication ( ! drift ( op9ion & feel+4 ,! ,old-,s*ool body1 hav+ a /rong s\!rn elem5t1 rema9$ sil5t1 not)/&+ ! op5 nullification ( its decl>ation ( #ahah by ! presbyt]y ( ,h>mony1 ,s4 ,c41 resolv+ t ! exi/5ce ( slav]y is n oppos$ to ! w ( ,god1 & ! synod ( ,virg9ia decl>+ t ! ,g5]al ,assembly _h no "r to decl>e t relation s9ful :i* ,*ri/ & 8 apo/les tea* to be consi/5t ) ! mo/ unque/ionable piety4 ,! ,new-,s*ool body1 pati5t & consid]ate t[>d its s\!rn presbyt]ies1 did n fail1 nev]!less1 to reass]t ! pr9ciples ( righte\sness1 & 9 #ahej x decl>$ slave-hold+ to be prima facie a subject ( ! discipl9e ( ! *ur*4 ,9 #ahec x call$ ^u its s\!rn presbyt]ies to report :at _h be5 done 9 ! case4 ,"o ( !m repli$ defiantly t its m9i/]s & *ur*-memb]s 7 slave-hold]s by *oice & on pr9ciple4 ,:5 ! ,g5]al ,assembly condemn$ ?is utt]ance1 ! entire s\!rn "p ( ! *ur* sec$$ & set up a sep>ate jurisdiction4#cdf3a ,!re seems no reason to d\bt ! entire s9c]ity ) :i* ! s\!rn *ur*1 9 all its sects1 _h consecrat$ itself ) religi\s devotion to ! ma9t5ance ( t horrible & inhuman =m ( slav]y :i* _h drawn ^u itself ! condemnation ( ! civiliz$ _w4 ,! e>ne/ antislav]y convictions :i* _h *>act]iz$ x only tw5ty-five ye>s be=e1 viol5tly suppress$ f utt]ance1 seem to h p]i%$ by suffocation4 ,! common s5tim5t ( s\!rn ,*ri/ianity 0 express$ 9 t s]i\s decl>ation ( ! ,s\!rn ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 dur+ ! w>1 ( its deep conviction ( ! div9e appo9tm5t ( dome/ic s]vitude1 & ( ! peculi> mission ( ! s\!rn *ur* to cons]ve ! in/itution ( slav]y4#cdf3b ,at ! ,nor?1 on ! o!r h&1 ) l>g] lib]ty1 !re 0 wid] div]sity ( op9ion4 ,9 g5]al1 ! effect ( cont9u$ discussion1 ( l>g] k ( facts1 & ( ! en=cem5t on ! common consci5ce1 by ! c\rse ( public ev5ts1 ( a s5se ( responsibility & duty 9 ! matt]1 _h be5 to make m intellig5t1 sob]1 & discrim9at+1 & !re=e m /rong & /eadfa/1 ! resolution to keep cle> ( all complicity ) slav]y4 ,!re 7 few to assume ! def5se ( t odi\s sy/em1 ?\gh !re 7 "s4 ,!re 7 _m to object to scores ( objectionable ?+s 9 ! conduct ( abolitioni/s4 ,& !re 7 a v great numb] ( hone/1 consci5ti\s m5 :o 7 appall$ z !y look$ =w>d to ! boldly ?reat5$ consequ5ces ( ev5 ! milde/ action 9 opposition to slav]y--! r5d+ ( ! *ur*1 ! ru9 ( ! c\ntry1 ! horrors ( civil w>1 & its unc]ta9 ev5t1 issu+ p]haps 9 ! wid] ext5sion & firm] e/abli%m5t ( slav]y itself4 ,x 0 an imm5se p[] t ! bold1 resolute1 rule-or-ru9 support]s ( ! div9e "r ( slav]y held ov] ! ,*ri/ian public ( ! :ole c\ntry1 s long z !y c\ld keep ^! ?reats susp5d$ 9 ! air4 ,x seem$ to hold 9 ! balance aga9/ a simple dem& to execute righte\sness t[>d a poor1 oppress$1 & helpless race1 imm5se int]e/s ( patriotism1 ( humanity1 ( ! k+dom ( ,god itself4 ,pres5tly ! "t came :5 ^! ?reats c\ld no long] be kept al(t4 ,! compliance dem&$ 0 cle>ly1 decisively refus$4 ,! ?reats mu/ ei!r be execut$ or mu/ fall to ! gr\nd amid g5]al d]ision4 ,b ! mom5t t ! ?reat 0 put 9 execution its p[] z a ?reat _h ceas$4 ,) ! fir/ /roke aga9/ ! life ( ! nation all great & noble motives1 in/ead ( be+ balanc$ aga9/ ea* o!r1 7 draw+ toge!r 9 ! same direction4 ,x ought n to h be5 a surprise to ! religi\s lead]s ( disunion1 ecclesia/ical & political1 to f9d t ^? :o _h mo/ anxi\sly deprecat$ ! attack ^u ! gov]nm5t %\ld be among ! mo/ e>ne/ & resolute to repel ! attack :5 made4 ,no man c read ! hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican *ur* 9 ! ,civil ,w> intellig5tly :o does n appreh5d1 h[ev] great ! ef=t1 t ! ,*ri/ian p ( ! ,s\? did really & s9c]ely believe !mselves to be commission$ by ! provid5ce ( ,god to cons]ve ! in/itution ( slav]y z an in/itution ( div9e appo9tm5t4 ,/range z ! conviction seems1 x is sure t ! conviction ( consci5ce 9 ! s\!rn army t x 0 "r 9 wag+ w> aga9/ ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry 0 z cle> z ! conviction1 on ! o!r side1 ( ! duty ( def5d+ ! gov]nm5t4 ,! s\!rn regim5ts1 l ! nor!rn1 7 s5t =? ) pray] & b5$iction1 & _! camps1 z well z ^? ( _! adv]s>ies1 7 (t5 ! seats ( e>ne/ religi\s life4#cdh3a ,at ! ,s\? ! entire able-bodi$ population 0 soon call$ into milit>y s]vice1 s t almo/ ! :ole *ur* 0 9 ! army4 ,at ! ,nor? ! *ur*es at home h>dly seem$ dim9i%$ by ! myriads s5t to ! field4 ,x 0 amaz+ to see ! *>ities & missions ( ! *ur*es su/a9$ ) almo/ undim9i%$ supplies1 :ile ! great ent]prises ( ! ,sanit>y & ,*ri/ian ,commissions 7 set on foot & magnific5tly c>ri$ =w>d1 = ! physical1 social1 & spiritual good ( ! soldi]s4 ,nev] 0 ! gift ( giv+ s abundantly be/[$ on ! *ur* z 9 ^! /ormy times4 ,!re 0 a fev]i% eag]ness ( life 9 all ways2 if !re 0 a too eag] ha/e to make money among ^? t c\ld be sp>$ = bus9ess1 !re 0 a g5]\s read9ess 9 be/[+ x4 ,! little fai? t expect$ to cancel & retr5*1 especially 9 =eign missions1 9 :i* x took sometimes ?ree doll>s 9 ! collection to put "o doll> into ! "w1 0 rebuk$ by ! ris+ ( ! *ur* to ! height ( ! exig5cy4 ,"o religi\s lesson t 0 le>n$ z nev] be=e1 on bo? sides ( ! conflict1 0 ! lesson ( ,*ri/ian fell[%ip z aga9/ ! prevail+ folly ( sect>ian divisions1 emulations1 & jeal\sies4 ,!re 7 great draw+s 9 ?is direction 9 ! e>ly days ( ! w>1 :5 m5 ( ! mo/ unlike antec$5ts & associations ga!r$ on ! same plat=m1 int5t on ! same "w1 & mutual av]sions & p>tisan antagonisms melt$ away 9 ! f]v5t heat ( a common religi\s patriotism4 ,b ! lesson :i* 0 comm5d$ at home 0 en=c$ 9 ! camp & ! regim5t by con/ra9t ( circum/ances4 ,! army *apla91 h[ev] "o-sid$ he might h be5 9 8 p>i%1 _h to be on all sides ) 8 k9dly sympa?y z soon z he jo9$ 8 regim5t4 ,he le>n$ 9 a "r apo/olic s5se to become all ?+s to all m51 &1 return+ home1 he did n =get ! lesson4 ,! delight ( a fell[%ip truly ca?olic 9 ! "o "w ( ,*ri/1 once ta/$1 0 n easily =egone4 ,already ! curr5t1 p]plex$ ) eddies1 _h begun to set 9 ! direction ( ,*ri/ian unity4 ,h[ mu* ! common labors ( ,*ri/ian m5 & wom5 & ,*ri/ian m9i/]s ( e diff]5t "n1 ?r\gh ! five ye>s ( bloody /rife1 contribut$ to swell & spe$ ! curr5t1 no "o c measure4 ,accord+ to a well-kn[n law ( ! k+dom ( heav51 ! int5se exp]i5ces ( ! w>1 bo? 9 ! army & out ( x1 left no man j z he 0 be=e4 ,to !m t 7 ex]cis$ !reby !y br\ght great promotion 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,k+4 ,! cases are n few nor inconspicu\s ( m5 com+ =? f ! temptations & ! discipl9e ( ! milit>y s]vice e way /rong] & bett] ,*ri/ians ?an !y ent]$ x4 ,! :ole *ur* ga9$ high] conceptions ( ! joy & glory ( self-sacrifice1 & deep] & m vivid insight into ! significance ( vic>i\s suff]+ & dea?4 ,! w> 0 a rude s*ool ( !ology1 b x taught "s ?+s well4 ,! *ur* _h ne$ ( all t x c\ld le>n1 9 prep>ation = ! tasks & trials t 7 be=e x4 ,!re 7 ^?1 on ! o!r h&1 :o em]g$ f ! milit>y s]vice deprav$ & brutaliz$2 & ^? :o1 9 ! ru% ( bus9ess incid5tal to ! w>1 7 n tra9$ to self-sacrifice & duty1 b habituat$ to ! seek+ ( selfi% int]e/s 9 ! mid/ ( ! public p]il & affliction4 ,we delight 9 ! evid5ces t ^! cases 7 a small proportion ( ! :ole4 ,b ev5 a small p]c5tage ( s _m hundr$s ( ?\s&s m\nts up to a =midable total4 ,! e>ly ye>s ( ! peace 7 s m>k$ by crimes ( viol5ce t a frequ5t head+ 9 ! daily newspap]s 0 ,! ,c>nival ( ,crime4 ,prosp]ity1 or ! semblance ( x1 came 9 l a sudd5 flood4 ,immigration ( an improv$ "* p\r$ into ! c\ntry 9 great] volume ?an ev]4 ,multitudes made ha/e to be ri*1 & fell into temptations & sn>es4 ,! p]il\s era ( enorm\s =tunes began4 ,,footnotes3 #cdj3a ,e4 ,b4 ,&rews1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 vol4 ii41 p4 #ff4 #cdb3a ,read ,! ,kansas ,crusade1 by ,eli ,?ay]1 ,h>p]s1 ,new ,york1 #ahhi4 ,x is lively read+1 & indisp5sable to a full und]/&+ ( ?is "p ( ! national hi/ory4 #cdf3a ,?ompson1 ,! ,presbyt]ians1 p4 #ace4 #cdf3b ,n>rative ( ! ,/ate ( ,religion ( ! ,s\!rn ,g5]al ,assembly ( #ahfd4 #cdh3a ,= int]e/+ illu/rations ( ?is1 see ,alex&]1 ,! ,me?odi/s1 ,s\?1 pp4 #ga-ge4 ,! hi/ory ( ! religi\s life ( ! nor!rn army is sup]abundant & ev]y:]e accessible4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,aft] ,,! ,,w>4 ,:5 ! five ye>s ( r5d+ & te>+ _h pass$1 9 :i* slav]y 0 dispossess$ ( its hold ^u ! nation1 !re 0 mu* to be done 9 recon/ruct+ & readju/+ ! religi\s in/itutions ( ! c\ntry4 ,?r\gh\t ! sec$+ ,/ates build+s & end[m5ts = religi\s uses _h suff]$ 9 ! g5]al wa/e & de/ruction ( prop]ty4 ,colleges & sem9>ies1 9 _m in/ances1 _h se5 _! entire res\rces swept away ?r\gh inve/m5t 9 ! hopeless promises ( ! defeat$ gov]nm5t4 ,*ur*es1 bo>ds1 & l associations 7 widely disorganiz$ ?r\gh ! vicissitudes ( milit>y occupation & ! protract$ abs5ce or ! dea? ( m5 ( exp]i5ce & capacity4 ,! effect ( ! w> ^u d5om9ational organizations _h be5 v>i\s4 ,!re 0 no sect ( all ! *ur* ! memb]s & m9i/]s ( :i* _h n felt ! sweep ( ! curr5ts ( popul> op9ion all ab\t !m4 ,b ! c\rse ( ev5ts 9 ea* d5om9ation 0 9 "s measure illu/rative ( ! "* ( its polity4 ,9 ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* ! antagonisms ( ! conflict 7 z ke5ly felt z any:]e4 ,ar*bi%op ,hughes ( ,new ,york1 :o1 ) ,h5ry ,w>d ,bee*] & ,bi%op ,mc,ilvaine ( ,ohio1 accept$ a political mission f ,presid5t ,l9coln1 0 n m di/9ctly a ,union man ?an ,bi%op ,lyn* ( ,*>le/on 0 a secessioni/4 ,b ! firm texture ( ! hi]>*ical organization1 held /eadily 9 place by a c5tral au?ority outside ( ! national b\nd>ies1 prev5t$ any organic rupture4 ,! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,am]ica 0 em95tly =tunate at "o po9t3 ! fam\s bull ,quanta ,cura1 ) its app5d$ ,syllabus ( damnable errors1 9 :i* almo/ all ! ess5tial *>act]i/ics ( ! in/itutions ( ! ,am]ican ,republic are ana!matiz$1 0 fulm9at$ 9 #ahfd1 :5 p 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates _h little "t to ?9k ( ecclesia/ical ev5ts tak+ place at su* a di/ance4 ,if ?is extraord9>y docum5t _h be5 fir/ publi%$ 9 a "t ( peace1 & freely discuss$ 9 ! newspap]s ( ! "t1 x c\ld h>dly h fail$ to inflict ! mo/ s]i\s emb>rassm5t on ! int]e/s ( ,ca?olicism 9 ,am]ica4 ,ev5 n[ x keeps ! ,ca?olic cl]gy 9 a con/antly explanatory attitude to %[ t ! ,syllabus does n really mean :at to ! ord9>y read] x unmi/akably seems to mean2 & ! "w ( explanation is made ! m necess>y & ! m difficult by ! decree ( papal infallibility1 :i* foll[$ ! ,syllabus aft] a few ye>s4 ,simply on ! gr\nd ( a de facto political indep5d5ce1 ! s\!rn dioceses ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 foll[+ ! pr9ciples & prec$5ts ( #aghi1 organiz$ !mselves into a ,*ur* 9 ! ,conf$]ate ,/ates4 ,"o ( ! s\!rn bi%ops1 ,polk1 ( ,l\isiana1 accept$ a commission ( major-g5]al 9 ! ,conf$]ate army1 & reliev$ 8 bre?r5 ( any discipl9>y que/ions t might h aris5 9 consequ5ce by dy+ on ! field f a cannon-%ot4 ,) admirable tact & good temp]1 ! ,*ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates manag$ to ignore ! exi/5ce ( any secession2 & :5 ! alleg$ de facto indep5d5ce ceas$1 ! sec$+ bi%ops & _! dioceses dropp$ quietly back into place )\t leav+ a trace ( ! secession ^u ! record4 ,! s\!rn organizations ( ! ,me?odi/s & ,bapti/s 7 ( tw5ty ye>s' /&+ at ! close ( ! w> 9 #ahfe4 ,! w> _h aboli%$ ! orig9al cause ( ^! divisions1 b x _h sub/itut$ o!rs q z s]i\s4 ,! exasp]ations ( ! w>1 & ! /ill m acrimoni\s exasp]ations ( ! p]iod ( ! political recon/ruction & ( ! organization ( nor!rn missions at ! ,s\?1 g5d]$ /rifes t /ill delay ! re9tegration :i* is s visibly future ( bo? ( ^! divid$ d5om9ations4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! w> "o ( ! mo/ important ( ! d5om9ations t /ill reta9$ l>ge nor!rn & s\!rn memb]%ips 9 ! same fell[%ip 0 ! ,old-,s*ool ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*2 & no national sect _h made l>g] concessions to av]t a brea* ( unity4 ,:5 ! ,g5]al ,assembly met at ,philadelphia 9 ,may1 #ahfa1 amid ! int5se excitem5ts ( ! op5+ w>1 x 0 /ill ! hope ( ! habitual lead]s & manag]s ( ! ,assembly to av]t a division by hold+ back t body f any expression ( s5tim5t on ! "q on :i* ! m9ds ( ,*ri/ians 7 /irr$ at t "t ) a pr(\nd & mo/ religi\s f]vor4 ,b ! ,assembly took ! matt] out ( ! h&s ( its lead]s1 & by a great majority1 9 ! words ( a solemn & temp]ate resolution drawn by ! v5]able & cons]vative ,dr4 ,g>d9] ,spr+1 decl>$ its loyalty to ! gov]nm5t & con/itution ( ! c\ntry4 ,) expressions ( horror at ! sacrilege ( tak+ ! *ur* into ! doma9 ( politics1 s\!rn presbyt]ies "o aft] ano!r r5\nc$ ! jurisdiction ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly t c\ld be guilty ( s %ock+ a pr(anation1 &1 unit+ 9 a ,g5]al ,assembly ( _! own1 proce$$ ) great promptitude to make equally emphatic deliv]ances on ! opposite side ( ! same political "q4#ced3a ,b nice logical consi/5cy & accurate work+ )9 ! l9es ( a *ur* !ory 7 m ?an c\ld reasonably be expect$ ( a p 9 s pitiable a plight4 ,! diff]5ce on ! subject ( ! "r function ( ! *ur* cont9u$ to be held z ! gr\nd = cont9u+ ! sep>ation f ! ,g5]al ,assembly aft] ! alleg$ gr\nd 9 political geography _h ceas$ to be valid2 ! work+ motive = x 0 m obvi\s 9 ! unfrat]nal & almo/ wantonly exasp]at+ c\rse ( ! national ,g5]al ,assembly dur+ ! w>2 b ! be/ ju/ification = x is to be f\nd 9 ! effective & useful work+ ( ! ,s\!rn ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*4 ,consid]+ ! impov]i%m5t & desolation ( ! s\!rn c\ntry1 ! record ( useful & self-d5y+ "w accompli%$ by ?is body1 n only at home1 b 9 =eign fields1 is1 f its beg9n+1 an imm5sely honorable "o4 ,ano!r occasion ( recon/ruction 0 ! /rong disposition ( ! lib]at$ negroes to )draw !mselves f ! tutelage ( ! *ur*es 9 :i* !y _h be5 held1 9 ! days ( slav]y1 9 a l[]-ca/e relation4 ,! eag] entrance ( ! nor!rn *ur*es ^u mission "w among ! blacks1 to :i* access _h long be5 b>r$ by atroci\s laws & by ! savage fury ( mobs1 t5d$ to promote ?is *ange4 ,! multiplication & gr[? ( organiz$ negro d5om9ations is a *>act]i/ic ( ! p]iod aft] ! w>4 ,!re is reason to hope t ! *ange may by & by1 ) ! advance ( education & moral tra9+ among ?is p1 inure to _! spiritual advantage4 ,!re is equal reason to fe> t at pres5t1 9 _m cases1 x works to _! s]i\s detrim5t4 ,! effect ( ! w> 0 n exclusively divisive4 ,9 two in/ances1 at lea/1 x _h ! effect ( heal+ old s*isms4 ,! s\!rn secession f ! ,new-,s*ool ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 :i* _h come away 9 #aheh on ! slav]y issue1 f\nd itself 9 #ahfa side by side ) ! s\!rn secession f ! ,old ,s*ool1 & 9 full agreem5t ) x 9 morals & politics4 ,! two bodies 7 n long 9 f9d+ t ! doctr9al diff]5ces :i* a qu>t]-c5tury be=e _h seem$ s insup]able 71 aft] all1 no s]i\s h9drance to _! com+ toge!r4 ,ev5 aft] ! w> 0 ov]1 its heal+ p[] 0 felt1 ?is "t at ! ,nor?4 ,!re 0 a honeycomb = ,samson 9 ! c>cass ( ! mon/]4 ,! two great ,presbyt]ian sects at ! ,nor? _h f\nd a common com=t 9 _! relief f ! p]petual fe/]+ irritation ( ! slav]y "q2 !y _h s(t5$ t[>d ea* o!r 9 ! gl[ ( a religi\s patriotism2 !y _h =gott5 old antagonisms 9 common labors2 & new issues _h obscur$ ! t5u\s doctr9al disputes t _h agitat$ ! cont95t 9 #ahcg4 ,bo? p>ties grew tir$ & a%am$ ( ! long & sometimes ill-natur$ qu>rel4 ,) su* a disposition on bo? sides1 t]ms ( agreem5t c\ld n fail 9 "t to be f\nd4 ,= sub/ance1 ! basis ( reunion 0 ?is3 t ! ,new-,s*ool *ur* %\ld yield ! po9t ( organization1 & ! ,old-,s*ool *ur* %\ld yield ! po9t ( doctr9e2 ! ,new-,s*ool m5 %\ld su/a9 ! ,old-,s*ool bo>ds1 & ! ,old-,s*ool m5 %\ld tol]ate ! ,new-,s*ool h]esies4 ,! consolidation ( ! two sects into "o p[]ful organization 0 consummat$ at ,pittsburg1 ,novemb] #ab1 #ahfi1 ) e demon/ration ( joy & dev\t ?anksgiv+4 ,"o important d5om9ation1 ! ,congregationali/s1 _h _h ! di/+ui%$ advantage1 ?r\gh all ^! turbul5t ye>s1 ( hav+ no s\!rn memb]%ip4 ,out ( all proportion to its num]ical /r5g? 0 ! "p :i* x took 9 ^? missions to ! neglect$ populations ( ! s\!rn c\ntry into :i* ! v>i\s d5om9ations1 bo? ( ! ,s\? & ( ! ,nor?1 ent]$ ) g5]\s emulation :ile yet ! w> 0 /ill wag+4 ,always lead]s 9 advanc$ education1 !y n only1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,am]ican ,mission>y ,association1 provid$ = prim>y & second>y s*ools = ! negroes1 b promot$ ! f\ndation ( in/itutions ( high]1 & ev5 ( ! highe/1 grade at ,hampton1 at ,atlanta1 at ,tuskegee1 at ,new ,orleans1 at ,na%ville1 & at ,wa%+ton4 ,_m noble lives h be5 consecrat$ to ?is mo/ ,*ri/like "w ( lift+ up ! depress$4 ,none w grudge a ^w ( exceptional eulogy to ! memory ( t spl5did "*1 ,g5]al ,samuel ,c4 ,arm/rong1 son ( "o ( ! e>ly mission>ies to ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s1 :o p\r$ 8 inspir+ s\l into ! build+ up ( ! ,normal ,in/itute at ,hampton1 ,va41 ?us n only re>+ a visible monum5t ( 8 labor 9 ! endur+ build+s ( t great & useful in/itution1 b also e/abli%+ 8 memory1 = z long z human gratitude c endure1 9 ! he>ts ( hundr$s ( "y m5 & "y wom51 negro & ,indian1 ^: lives are ! bett] & nobl] = _! hav+ kn[n him z _! tea*]4 ,x _c be ju/ly claim$ = ! ,congregationali/s ( ! pres5t day t !y h lo/ no?+ ( t corporate unselfi%ness1 seek+ no sect>ian aggr&izem5t1 b only ,god's reign & righte\sness1 :i* _h be5 ! glory ( _! fa!rs4 ,! /udi\s ef=ts t h be5 made to cultivate among !m a sect>ian _s1 z if ?is 7 "o ( ! ,*ri/ian virtues1 h n be5 fruitless4 ,nev]!less x may be se5 t _! "w ( education at ! ,s\? has be5 conduct$ 9 no n>r[ _s4 ,! ext5d+ ( _! sect ov] new t]ritory has be5 a mo/ trivial & unimportant result ( _! widespread & effici5t "w4 ,a f> great] result has be5 ! promotion among ! color$ p ( a bett] education1 a high] /&>d ( morality1 & an enlight5$ piety1 ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ! graduates ( ^! in/itutions1 n only z pa/ors & z tea*]s1 b 9 all sorts ( trades & pr(essions & z mo!rs ( families4 ,?is "w ( ! ,congregationali/s is entitl$ to m5tion1 n z exceptional1 b only z em95t among l ent]prises1 9 :i* few ( ! lead+ sects h fail$ to be repres5t$4 ,extravagant expectations 7 at fir/ ent]ta9$ ( imm$iate results 9 br++ ! long-depress$ race up to ! common plane ( civilization4 ,b x _c be said t reasonable & intellig5t expectations h be5 disappo9t$4 ,exp]i5ce has taught mu* z to ! be/ conduct ( su* missions4 ,! gift ( a fund ( a million doll>s by ! late ,john ,f4 ,slat]1 ( ,norwi*1 has ?r\gh wise managem5t conduc$ to ?is end4 ,x has enc\rag$ 9 ! =emo/ in/itutions ! comb9ation ( tra9+ to skill$ productive labor ) education 9 lit]ature & sci5ce4 ,! inauguration ( ^! sy/ems ( religi\s education at ! ,s\? 0 ! mo/ conspicu\sly important ( ! imm$iate sequels ( ! ,civil ,w>4 ,b ?is "t 0 a "t ( great expansion ( ! activities ( ! *ur* 9 all directions4 ,! influx ( immigration1 tempor>ily *eck$ by ! h>d times ( #aheg & by ! five ye>s ( w>1 came 9 aga9 9 su* floods z nev] be=e4#ceg3a ,! =eign immigration is always att5d$ by a we/w>d movem5t ( ! already settl$ population4 ,! field ( home missions became great] & m exact+ ?an ev]4 ,! zeal ( ! *ur*1 educat$ dur+ ! w> to high] ideas ( self-sacrifice1 rose to ! occasion4 ,! av]age ye>ly receipts ( ! v>i\s ,prote/ant home mission>y societies1 :i* 9 ! decade #ahej-ei _h be5 #hjh1jjj1 rose 9 ! next decade to m ?an #b1jjj1jjj1 9 ! next to ne>ly #c1jjj1jjj1 & = ! sev5 ye>s #ahha-hg to #d1jjj1jjj4ceh3a ,9 ! p]ils ( ab\nd+ weal? by :i* ! *ur* aft] ! w> 0 beset1 x 0 div9e fa!rly k9dness t op5$ be=e x new & enl>g$ facilities ( s]vice to ! k+dom ( heav5 among =eign nations4 ,f ! fir/ feeble beg9n+s ( =eign missions f ,am]ica 9 ,india & 9 ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s1 !y _h be5 att5d$ by ! manife/ favor ( ,god4 ,:5 ! convulsion ( ! ,civil ,w> came on1 ) pro/rations ( bus9ess h\ses1 & enorm\s burd5s ( public obligation1 & private b5efic5ce drawn d[n1 z x seem$1 to its bottom doll> = new calls ( patriotism & *>ity1 & especially :5 ! doll> 9 a man's pocket %rank to a half or a ?ird ( its value 9 ! _w's curr5cy1 x seem$ z if ! "w ( =eign missions w\ld h to be turn$ ov] to ,*ri/ians 9 l&s less burd5$ ) accumulat$ disadvantages4 ,b "h aga9 ! gr&eur ( ! burd5 gave an inspiration ( /r5g? to ! burd5-be>]4 ,f #ahdj to #ahdi ! av]age ye>ly receipts ( ! v>i\s =eign mission>y societies ( ! ,prote/ant *ur*es ( ! c\ntry _h be5 a little m ?an a half-million4 ,9 ! decade #ahej-ei !y _h ris5 to #hej1jjj2 = ! ye>s ( di/ress1 #ahfj-fi1 !y exce$$ #a1cjj1jjj2 = ! elev5 ye>s #ahgj-hj ! annual receipts 9 ?is behalf 7 #b1bjj1jjj2 & 9 ! sev5 ye>s #ahha-hg !y 7 #c1jjj1jjj4cei3a ,we h se5 h[1 only =ty ye>s be=e ! return ( peace1 9 ! days ( a humble equality 9 mod]ate e/ates1 ard5t s\ls exult$ toge!r 9 ! inauguration ( ! era ( democracy 9 b5efic5ce1 :5 e humble/ giv] might1 ?r\gh association & organization1 h "p 9 magnific5t ent]prises ( ,*ri/ian *>ity su* z _h !ret(ore be5 possible only to pr9ces or to m5 ( pr9cely possessions4#cei3b ,b ) ! return ( civil peace we began to recognize t among ourselves 0 gr[+ up a class ( m5 ( pr9cely possessions--a class su* z ! ,am]ican ,republic nev] be=e _h kn[n4#cei3c ,among ^? ^: =tunes 7 reckon$ by _m millions or _m t5s ( millions 7 m5 ( sordid nature1 ^: weal?1 ignobly won1 0 selfi%ly ho>d$1 & to ^: names1 z to t ( ! late ,jay ,g\ld1 !re is atta*$ 9 ! m9d ( ! p a di/9ct note ( infamy4 ,b ?is 0 n 9 g5]al ! "* ( ! ,am]ican millionaire4 ,!re 7 ^? ( nobl] /ra9 :o felt a responsibility comm5surate ) ! great p[] conf]r$ by great ri*es1 & held _! weal? z 9 tru/ = mank9d4 ,?r\gh ! fidelity ( m5 ( ?is sort x has come to pass t ! era ( great =tunes 9 ,am]ica has become conspicu\s 9 ! hi/ory ( ! :ole _w z ! era ( magnific5t donations to b5evol5t ends4 ,)9 a few mon?s ( ea* o!r1 f ! little ,/ate ( ,connecticut1 came ! fund ( a million giv5 by ,john ,f4 ,slat] 9 8 lifetime = ! b5efit ( ! fre$m51 ! gift ( a l sum = ! l purpose f ,daniel ,h&1 & ! legacy ( a million & a half = =eign missions f ,deacon ,otis ( ,new ,london4 ,great gifts l ^! 7 frequ5tly direct$ to objects :i* c\ld n easily h be5 atta9$ by ! pa9ful process ( accumulat+ small donations4 ,x 0 a p]iod n only ( spl5did gifts to exi/+ in/itutions1 b ( f\ndations = new univ]sities1 libr>ies1 hospitals1 & o!r in/itutions ( ! highe/ public s]vice1 f\ndations )\t p>allel 9 human hi/ory = l>ge munific5ce4 ,to ?is p]iod belong ! beg9n+s ( ! ,johns ,hopk9s ,univ]sity & ,hospital at ,baltimore1 ! ,univ]sity ( ,*icago1 ! ,cl>ke ,univ]sity at ,worce/]1 ! ,v&]bilt ,univ]sity at ,na%ville1 ! ,lel& ,/an=d1 ,jr41 ,univ]sity ( ,cali=nia1 ! ,peabody & ,eno* ,pratt ,libr>ies at ,baltimore1 ! ,l5ox ,libr>y at ,new ,york1 ! great end[$ libr>ies ( ,*icago1 ! ,drexel ,in/itute at ,philadelphia1 & ! ,arm\r ,in/itute at ,*icago4 ,^! are "s ( ! names t mo/ readily occur ( f\ndations due ma9ly to individual lib]ality1 set d[n at ! risk ( omitt+ o!rs ) equal claim = m5tion4 ,n all ( ^! are to be ref]r$ to a religi\s _s 9 ! f\nd]s1 b none ( !m c fail ( a ,*ri/ian influ5ce & result4 ,!y prep>e a foo?old = su* a =w>d /ride ( ,*ri/ian civilization z our cont95t has nev] be=e kn[n4 ,! sum ( ^! gifts ( millions1 add$ to ! great aggregates ( contribution to ! national mission>y bo>ds & societies1 falls f> %ort ( ! total contributions exp5d$ 9 cities1 t[ns1 & villages = ! build+ ( *ur*es & ! ma9t5ance ( ! c\ntless *>ities t clu/] ar\nd !m4 ,! era foll[+ ! w> 0 preem95tly a build+ era4 ,e "o kn[s t religi\s devotion is only "o ( ! m+l$ motives t "w toge!r 9 su* an ent]prise z ! build+ ( a *ur*2 b1 aft] all d$uctions1 ! volunt>y gifts ( ,*ri/ian p = ,*ri/'s sake 9 ! promotion ( su* works1 :5 add$ to ! gr& totals already ref]r$ to1 w\ld make an am\nt t w\ld ov]tax ! ord9>y imag9ation to conceive4 ,& yet x is n c]ta9 t ?is p]iod ( imm5se gifts ( money is really a p]iod ( increas$ lib]ality 9 ! *ur* f ! "t1 ?irty or =ty ye>s be=e1 :5 a millionaire 0 a r>ity to be po9t$ out on ! /reets1 & ! possession ( a hundr$ ?\s& doll>s gave "o a place among ,! ,ri* ,m5 ( ,new ,york4 ,9 #ahej ! total weal? ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 report$ 9 ! c5sus z sev5 billions ( doll>s4 ,9 #ahgj1 aft] tw5ty ye>s1 x _h m ?an f\rfold$1 ris+ to ?irty billions4 ,t5 ye>s lat]1 accord+ to ! c5sus1 x _h sixfold$1 ris+ to =ty-?ree billions4#cfa3a ,f ! po9t ( view ( ,"o sitt+ ov] aga9/ ! treasury x is n likely t any subsequ5t p]iod has equal$ 9 its gifts t e>ly day :5 9 ,new ,engl& ! p 7 wont to build a f9e *ur* z soon z !y _h h\ses = !mselves1#cfa3b & :5 ! mess5g]s w5t f cab9 to cab9 to ga!r ! gifts ( ! college corn4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! greate/ addition to ! =ces ( ! *ur* 9 ! p]iod s9ce ! w> has come f deploy+ into ! field hi!rto unus$ res\rces ( p]sonal s]vice4 ,! me?ods "u :i* ! p]sonal activity ( private ,*ri/ians has =m]ly be5 organiz$ = s]vice h increas$ & multipli$1 & old ag5cies h tak5 on new =ms4 ,! e>lie/ & to ?is day ! mo/ ext5sive ( ! organizations = utiliz+ ! non-pr(essional m9i/ry 9 sy/ematic religi\s labors is ! ,sunday-s*ool4 ,! consid]able developm5t ( ?is in/rum5tality beg9s to be recogniz$ aft] ! ,second ,awak5+ 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! pres5t c5tury4 ,! prevail+ *>act]i/ic ( ! ,am]ican ,sunday-s*ool z di/+ui%$ f its ,briti% cong5] is t x is commonly a "p ( ! equipm5t ( ! local *ur* = ! in/ruction ( its own *ildr51 & incid5tally "o ( ! mo/ important res\rces = its attractive "w t[>d ^? t are )\t4 ,b x is also recogniz$ z "o ( ! mo/ flexible & adaptable arms ( ! s]vice = aggressive "w1 :e!r 9 great cities or on ! fronti]4 ,x 0 ab\t ! ye> #ahbe t ?is "w began to be organiz$ on a national scale4 ,b x is s9ce ! w> t x has sprung into va/ly great] effici5cy4 ,! agreem5t ^u uni=m c\rses ( biblical /udy1 to be foll[$ simultane\sly by _m millions ( pupils ov] ! entire cont95t1 has giv5 a unity & coh]5ce be=e unkn[n to ! ,sunday-s*ool sy/em2 & x has result$ 9 extraord9>y ent]prise & activity on ! "p ( compet5t editors & publi%]s to provide app>atus = ! ?or\gh /udy ( ! text1 :i* bids fair 9 "t to take away ! reproa* ( ! t]m ,sunday-s*ooli% z appli$ to sup]ficial1 ignorant1 or m]ely s5tim5tal expositions ( ! ,scriptures4 ,! "w ( ! ,sunday-s*ool ,times1 9 br++ )9 ! rea* ( tea*]s all ov] ! l& ! fruits ( ! _w's be/ s*ol>%ip1 is a signal fact 9 hi/ory--! mo/ conspicu\s ( a s]ies ( l facts4 ,! t5d5cy1 sl[1 ( c\rse1 & p>tial1 b p[]ful1 is t[>d s]i\s1 fai?ful /udy & tea*+1 9 :i* ! m9d ( ! ,_s is s\ght 9 ! sacr$ text1 ) /r5u\s ef=ts ( ! tea*able m9d1 ) all ! aids t c be br\ght f :atev] qu>t]4 ,! ,sunday-s*ool sy/em1 coext5sive ) ,prote/ant ,*ri/ianity 9 ,am]ica1 & (t5 ! =]unn] ( *ur* & m9i/ry1 &1 to a less ext5t & "u m scrupul\s control ( cl]gy1 adopt$ into ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 has become "o ( ! di/9ctive features ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity4 ,an outgr[? ( ! ,sunday-s*ool sy/em1 :i*1 "u ! conduct ( a man ( g5ius = organization1 ,dr4 ,john ,h4 ,v9c5t1 n[ a bi%op ( ! ,me?odi/ ,*ur*1 has exp&$ to magnific5t dim5sions1 is t :i* is sugge/$ by ! "n ,*autauqua4 ,beg9n+ 9 ! summ] ( #ahgd ) a =tnight's meet+ 9 a grove beside ,*autauqua ,lake = ! /udy ( ! me?ods ( ,sunday-s*ool tea*+1 x l$ to ! que/ions1 h[ to connect ! ,sunday-s*ool m intimately ) o!r dep>tm5ts ( ! *ur* & ) o!r ag5cies 9 society2 h[ to control 9 ! int]e/ ( religi\s culture ! =ces1 social1 comm]cial1 indu/rial1 & educational1 :i*1 = good or evil1 are affect+ ! ,sunday-s*ool pupils e day ( ! week4 ,/rik+ root at o!r c5t]s ( assembly1 ea/1 we/1 & s\?1 & comb9+ its summ] lectures ) an organiz$ sy/em ( home /udies ext5d+ ?r\gh ! ye>1 subject to writt5 exam9ations1 ,*autauqua1 by ! compreh5sive scope ( its /udies & by ! great multitude ( its /ud5ts1 is entitl$ to be call$1 9 no ignoble s5se ( ! ^w1 a univ]sity4#cfc3a ,a weighty & unimpea*able te/imony to ! p[] & influ5ce ( ! in/itution has be5 ! rec5t organization ( a ,ca?olic ,*autauqua1 "u ! conduct ( lead+ s*ol>s & ecclesia/ics ( ! ,roman ,*ur*4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ano!r organization ( ! unpaid s]vice ( private ,*ri/ians is ! ,"y ,m5's ,*ri/ian ,association4 ,beg9n+ 9 ,london 9 #ahdd1 x _h s f> demon/rat$ its usefulness 9 #ahea z to attract favorable att5tion f visitors to ! fir/ ( ! ,_w's ,fairs4 ,9 ! end ( t ye> ! ,association 9 ,bo/on 0 =m$1 & ?is 0 rapidly foll[$ by o!rs 9 ! pr9cipal cities4 ,x met a gr[+ exig5cy 9 ,am]ican society4 ,9 ! organization ( comm]ce & manufacture 9 l>g] e/abli%m5ts ?an =m]ly1 ! appr5tice%ip sy/em _h necess>ily laps$1 & no?+ _h tak5 its place4 ,( old1 "y m5 put to ! le>n+ ( any bus9ess 7 articl$ or ind5tur$ z appr5tices to ! head ( ! conc]n1 :o 0 plac$ 9 loco p>5tis1 be+ inve/$ bo? ) ! au?ority & ) ! responsibility ( a fa!r4 ,(t5 ! appr5tices 7 receiv$ into ! h\se ( ! ma/] z _! home1 & accord+ to leg5d & romance x 0 9 ord] = ! indu/ri\s & virtu\s appr5tice to m>ry ! old man's daught] & succe$ to ! bus9ess4 ,aft] ! employees ( a /ore came to be numb]$ by scores & ! employees ( a factory by hundr$s1 ! ^w appr5tice became obsolete 9 ! ,am]ican language4 ,! employee 0 only a h&1 & !re 0 dang] t employ]s w\ld =get t he 0 also a he>t & a s\l4 ,?is 0 ! exig5cy t ! ,"y ,m5's ,*ri/ian ,association came to supply4 ,m5 ( consci5ce among employ]s & corporations recogniz$ _! opportunity & _! duty4 ,! new societies did n lack enc\ragem5t & f9ancial aid f ^? to :om ! "* ( ! "y m5 0 n only a matt] ( ,*ri/ian conc]n1 b also a matt] ( bus9ess int]e/4 ,9 e consid]able t[n ! ,association organiz$ itself1 & ! "w ( equipm5t1 & soon ( build+1 w5t on apace4 ,9 #ahhg ! ,association build+s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada 7 valu$ at ?ree & a half millions4 ,9 #ahif !re 7 9 ,nor? ,am]ica #adbi ,associations1 ) ab\t a qu>t] ( a million ( memb]s1 employ+ #abea paid (fic]s1 & hold+ build+s & o!r real e/ate to ! am\nt ( ne>ly #bj1jjj1jjj4 ,! "w has n be5 )\t its vicissitudes4 ,! wond]ful revival ( #aheg1 preem95tly a laym5's movem5t1 9 _m in/ances f\nd its nidus 9 ! rooms ( ! ,associations2 & _! "w 0 exp&$ & invigorat$ z a result ( ! revival4 ,9 #ahfa came on ! w>4 ,x broke up = ! "t ! cont95tal conf$]acy ( ,associations4 ,_m ( ! local ,associations 7 dissolv$ by ! enli/m5t ( _! memb]s4 ,b out ( ! inspir+ exig5cies ( ! "t grew up 9 ! he>t ( ! ,associations ! organization & "w ( ! ,*ri/ian ,commission1 cooep]at+ ) ! ,sanit>y ,commission = ! bodily & spiritual com=t ( ! armies 9 ! field4 ,! two organizations exp5d$ upw>d ( elev5 millions ( doll>s1 ! free gift ( ! p at home4 ,aft] ! w> ! survivors ( ^? :o _h enli/$ f ! ,associations came back to _! home duties1 9 mo/ cases1 bett] m5 = all good s]vice 9 consequ5ce ( _! exp]i5ce ( milit>y discipl9e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a natural sequel to ! organization & success ( ! ,"y ,m5's ,*ri/ian ,association is ! in/itution ( ! ,"y ,wom5's ,*ri/ian ,association1 hav+ l objects & me?ods 9 its prop] sph]e4 ,?is in/itution1 too1 owes ! reason ( its exi/5ce to *ang$ social conditions4 ,! plausible argum5ts ( "s e>ne/ re=m]s 9 favor ( op5+ c>e]s ( indep5d5t self-support to wom51 & ! unque/ionable & pa!tic in/ances by :i* ^! argum5ts are en=c$1 are liable to "s mo/ s]i\s & weighty (fsets4 ,d\btless _m & _m a case ( h>d%ip has be5 reliev$ by ! g5]al introduction ( ?is re=m4 ,b ! result has be5 ! ga!r+ 9 l>ge t[ns ( populations ( unm>ri$1 self-support+ "y wom51 sev]$ f home duties & influ5ces1 &1 out ( bus9ess h\rs1 "u no effective re/ra9ts ( rule4 ,!re is a ru% f ! c\ntry into ! city ( applicants = employm5t1 & wages s9k to less ?an a liv+ rate4 ,we are confront$ ) an artificial & p]il\s condition = ! *ur* to deal )1 especially 9 ! l>ge/ cities4 ,& ( ! v>i\s in/rum5talities to ?is end1 ! ,"y ,wom5's ,*ri/ian ,association is "o ( ! mo/ effective4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! developm5t ( organiz$ activity among wom5 has be5 a conspicu\s *>act]i/ic ( ?is p]iod4 ,f ! beg9n+ ( our *ur*es ! *>itable sew+-circle or ,dorcas ,society has be5 kn[n z a c5t] bo? ( pray] & ( labor4 ,b 9 ?is p]iod ! organization ( wom5 = *>itable s]vice has be5 on a cont95tal scale4 ,9 #ahgd1 9 an outbur/ ( zeal1 wom5's crusades 7 und]tak51 especially 9 "s we/]n t[ns1 9 :i* b&s ( s++ & pray+ wom5 w5t 9 p]son to tippl+-h\ses & ev5 worse resorts1 to assail !m1 visibly & audibly1 ) ^! spiritual weapons4 ,! crusades1 s long z !y 7 a novelty1 7 n )\t result4 ,spectacul> pray]s1 (f]$ ) "o eye on ! heav5s & ! o!r eye wat*+ ! impressions made on ! human auditor1 are n 9 va92 !y h _! rew>d4 ,b ! really important result ( ! crusades 0 ! organization ( ! ,wom5's ,*ri/ian ,temp]ance ,union1 :i* has ext5d$ 9 all directions to ! utmo/ b\nds ( ! c\ntry1 & has accompli%$ "w ( und\bt$ value1 :ile attempt+ o!r "w ! value ( :i* is op5 to debate4 ,! sep>ate organization ( wom5 = ! support & managem5t ( missions began on an ext5sive scale1 9 #ahfh1 ) ! ,wom5's ,bo>d ( ,missions1 in/itut$ 9 alliance ) ! ,am]ican ,bo>d ( ,commission]s = ,=eign ,missions ( ! ,congregationali/ *ur*es4 ,! example at once comm5d$ itself to ! imitation ( all1 s t all ! pr9cipal mission bo>ds ( ! ,prote/ant *ur*es are 9 alliance ) actively work+ wom5's bo>ds4 ,! tra9+ acquir$ 9 ^! & o!r organizations by _m wom5 ( exceptional ta/e & tal5t = ! conduct ( l>ge affairs has t5d$ /ill fur!r to wid5 ! field ( _! activity4 ,! ends ( ! e>?1 z well z ! d>k places ne>] home1 h felt ! salut>y results ( x4#cfg3a ,9 ?is brief & mo/ incomplete sket* ( ! orig9 ( "o ( ! di/+ui%+ features ( contempor>y ,*ri/ianity--! application ( ! sy/ematiz$ activity ( private ,*ri/ians--no m5tion has be5 made ( ! corps ( colporteurs1 or book-p$dl]s1 employ$ by religi\s publication societies1 nor ( ! va/ly useful "w ( laym5 employ$ z city mission>ies1 nor ( ! h\ses & ord]s ( si/]s :olly devot$ to pi\s & *>itable "w4 ,su* "w1 ?\gh ! c]emony ( ord9ation may h be5 omitt$1 is r cl]ical or pr(essional ?an laical4 ,x is on ?is acc\nt ! bett] suit$ to ! g5ius ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 ^: ages ( exp]i5ce 9 ! conduct ( su* organizations1 & ^: f9e examples ( economy & effici5cy 9 ! use ( !m1 h put all ,am]ican ,*ri/5dom "u obligation4 ,among ,prote/ant sects ! ,lu!rans1 ! ,episcopalians1 & ! ,me?odi/s h 7aft] ! ,moravians7 %[n !mselves readie/ to pr(it by ! example4 ,b a f> m widely b5efic5t s]vice ?an t ( all ! nurs+ ord]s toge!r1 bo? ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant1 & "o n less ,*ri/ian1 :ile x is *>act]i/ically ,am]ican 9 its me?od1 is t ( ! annually increas+ army ( fai?ful wom5 pr(essionally educat$ to ! "w ( nurs+1 at a hundr$ hospitals1 & fulfill+ _! vocation individually & on bus9ess pr9ciples4 ,! education ( nurses is a sequel ( ! w> & "o ( ! b5efic5t fruits ( x4 99 99 99 99 99 ,n ! lea/ important item 9 ! organization ( lay activity is ! m>vel\sly rapid gr[? ( ! ,"y ,p's ,society ( ,*ri/ian ,endeavor4 ,9 ,febru>y1 #ahha1 a pa/or 9 ,portl&1 ,me41 ! ,rev4 ,francis ,e4 ,cl>k1 organiz$ into an association )9 8 *ur* a numb] ( "y p pl$g$ to c]ta9 rules ( regul> att5dance & p>ticipation 9 ! association meet+s & ( cooep]ation 9 useful s]vice4 ,!re seems to h be5 no p>ticul> orig9ality 9 ! plan1 b ?r\gh "s felicity 9 arrangem5t & opportun5ess 9 ! "t x caught l a =e/ fire1 & 9 an amaz+ly %ort "t ran ?r\gh ! c\ntry & ar\nd ! _w4 ,"o wise precaution 0 tak5 9 ! basis ( ! organization3 x 0 provid$ t x %\ld n int]f]e ) any memb]'s fidelity to 8 *ur* or 8 sect1 b r promote x4 ,d\btless jeal\sy ( its influ5ce 0 ?us 9 "s measure =e/all$ & av]t$4 ,b 9 ! rapid spread ( ! ,society ^? :o 7 on gu>d = ! int]e/s ( ! sev]al sects recogniz$ a dang] 9 too free affiliations outside ( sect>ian l9es1 & soon !re 7 in/itut$1 9 l =ms ( rule1 ,epwor? ,leagues = ,me?odi/s1 ,we/m9/] ,leagues = ,presbyt]ians1 ,lu!r ,leagues = ,lu!rans1 ,/4 ,&rew's ,bro!rhoods = ,episcopalians1 ,! ,bapti/ ,"y ,p's ,union1 & yet o!rs = yet o!r sects4 ,accord+ to ! late/ reports1 ! total pl$g$ memb]%ip ( ?is ord] ( associat$ "y disciples1 9 ^! v>i\s ramifications1 is ab\t #d1ejj1jjjcfi3a--?is 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates alone4 ,( ! ,*ri/ian ,endeavor ,societies /ill adh]+ to ! old "n & con/itution1 !re are 9 all ! _w #dg1jji1 ( :i* #aa1aai are ,junior ,endeavor ,societies4 ,! total memb]%ip is #b1hbj1edj4cfi3b ,contempor>y curr5ts ( !ological ?\ght1 sett+ away f ! excessive individualism :i* has *>act]iz$ ! *ur*es ( ! ,great ,awak5+1 confirm ! t5d5cy ( ! ,*ri/ian life t[>d a vigor\s & ev5 absorb+ ext]nal activity4 ,! duty ( ! *ur* to human society is made a "p ( ! requir$ curriculum ( /udy 9 prep>ation = ! m9i/ry1 9 fully equipp$ !ological sem9>ies4 ,if ev] x has be5 a j reproa* ( ! *ur* t its frequ5t]s 7 s absorb$ 9 ! sav+ ( _! own s\ls t !y =got ! multitude ab\t !m1 t reproa* is fa/ pass+ away4 ,! ,in/itutional ,*ur*1 z ! clumsy phrase goes1 c>es = s\l & body1 = family & municipal & national life4 ,its sav+ sacram5ts are nei!r two nor sev51 b sev5ty times sev54 ,!y include ! ba?-tub z well z ! font2 ! c(fee-h\se & cook-%op z well z ! ,holy ,supp]2 ! gymnasium z well z ! pray]-meet+4 ,! college settlem5t plants colonies ( ! be/ life ( ! *ur* 9 regions :i* m5 ( little fai? are tempt$ to speak ( z ,god-=sak54 ,! ,salvation ,army1 ) its noisy & ecc5tric ways1 & its effective discipl9e1 & its mo/ ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( sett+ e rescu$ man at "w to aid 9 ! rescue ( o!rs1 is welcom$ by all ord]s ( ! *ur*1 & honor$ accord+ to ! measure ( its usefulness1 & ev5 ( its fai?ful ef=t to be useful4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x is n to be suppos$ t ?is imm5se1 unprec$5t$ gr[? ( outw>d activity c h be5 ga9$ )\t "s correspond+ loss4 ,! "t is n long gone by1 :5 ! su/a9$ contemplation ( ! deep ?+s ( ! cross1 & ! l(ty ?+s 9 ! div9e nature1 & ! subtile & elusive facts conc]n+ ! human con/itution & "* & ! work+ ( ! human w1 7 em95tly *>act]i/ic ( ! religi\s life ( ! ,am]ican *ur*4 ,9 ! times :5 t life 0 /irr$ to its mo/ /r5u\s activity1 x 0 m>k$ by ! vicissitude ( prolong$ passions ( pa9ful s5sibility at ! consci\sness ( s91 & ec/asies ( delight 9 ! contemplation ( ! inf9ity ( ,god & ! glory ( ! ,savi\r & 8 salvation4 ,e "o :o is conv]sant ) ! religi\s biography ( ! g5]ations be=e our own1 kn[s ( ! /ill h\rs & days set ap>t = ! sev]e inw>d scrut9y ( motives & frames & ! gr\nds ( "o's hope4 ,h[ev] truly ! *ur* ( to-day may judge t ! piety ( _! fa!rs 0 disproportion$ & morbidly introspective & unduly conc]n$ ab\t "o's own salvation1 x is none ! less true t ! reaction f its excesses is viol5t1 & is provid+ = itself a new reaction4 ,! contemplative ord]s1 :e!r among ,ca?olics or ,prote/ants1 d n f9d ! soil & climate ( ,am]ica cong5ial4 ,& yet !re is a mission-field "h = ! my/ic & ! quieti/2 & :5 ! /ir-ab\t activity ( our g5]ation suff]s _! calm voices to be he>d1 !re are n a few to give e>4 99 99 99 99 99 ,an ev5t ( great hi/orical importance1 :i* _c be det]m9$ to a precise date1 b :i* belongs m to ?is p]iod ?an to any o!r1 is ! loss ( ! ,scot* & ,puritan ,sabba?1 or1 z _m l to call x1 ! ,am]ican ,sabba?4 ,! law ( ! ,we/m9/] div9es on ?is subject1 x may be affirm$ )\t fe> ( contradiction f any qu>t]1 does n co9cide 9 its language ) ! law ( ,god z express$ ei!r 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t or 9 ! ,new4 ,! ,we/m9/] rule requires1 z if ) a ,?us sai? ! ,"l1 t on ! fir/ day ( ! week1 in/ead ( ! sev5?1 m5 %all desi/ n only f labor b f recreation1 & sp5d ! :ole "t 9 ! public & private ex]cises ( ,god's wor%ip1 except s mu* z is to be tak5 up 9 ! works ( necessity & m]cy4#cga3a ,?is int]pretation & expansion ( ! ,f\r? ,comm&m5t has nev] atta9$ to m ?an a sect>ian & prov9cial au?ority2 b ! ov]ma/]+ ,puritan influ5ce1 bo? ( ,virg9ia & ( ,new ,engl&1 comb9$ ) ! ,scot*-,iri% influ5ce1 made x = a long "t dom9ant 9 ,am]ica4 ,ev5 ^? :o q decl9$ to admit ! div9e au?ority ( ! glosses ^u ! comm&m5t felt con/ra9$ to submit to ! ord9ances ( man = ! ,"l's sake4 ,b x 0 inevitable t ) ! va/ increase ( ! travel & soj\rn ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ians 9 o!r l&s ( ,*ri/5dom1 & ! multitud9\s immigration into ,am]ica f o!r l&s ?an ,great ,brita91 ! tradition f ! ,we/m9/] eld]s %\ld come to be op5ly disput$ )9 ! *ur*1 & %\ld be disreg>d$ ev5 :5 n d5i$4 ,x 0 n only inevitable2 x 0 a ,*ri/ian duty di/9ctly enjo9$ by apo/olic au?ority4#cgb3a ,! five ye>s ( w>1 dur+ :i* ,*ri/ians ( v>i\s l&s & cre$s int]m+l$ z nev] be=e1 & ! ,sunday laws 7 dumb int] arma n only 9 ! field b among ! home *ur*es1 did p]haps ev5 m to break ! =ce ( ! tradition1 & to lead 9 a p]il\s & demoraliz+ reaction4 ,"s reaction 0 inevitable4 ,! *ur* mu/ ne$s suff] ! evil consequ5ce ( ov]/ra9+ ! law ( ,god4 ,f ! ,sunday ( ascetic self-d5ial--a day = a man to afflict 8 s\l--!re 0 a ready ru% into utt] recklessness ( ! law & privilege ( re/4 ,9 ! *ur* !re 0 wr\ght sore damage to weak consci5ces2 m5 act$1 n f intellig5t conviction1 b f lack ( conviction1 & all[+ !mselves 9 self-indulg5ces ( ! rightfulness ( :i* !y 7 dubi\s1 !y condemn$ !mselves 9 t :i* !y all[$4 ,! consequ5ce 9 civil society 0 alike disa/r\s4 ,e>ly legislation _h n /e]$ cle> ( ! error ( attempt+ to en=ce ,sabba?-keep+ z a religi\s duty by civil p5alties2 & "s relics ( t mi/ake rema9$1 & /ill rema91 on "s ( ! /atute-books4 ,! j prote/ aga9/ ?is wrong 01 ( c\rse1 undiscrim9at+1 t5d+ to defeat ! righte\s & mo/ salut>y laws t aim$ simply to secure = ! citiz5 ! privilege ( a weekly day ( re/ & to secure ! holiday ?us orda9$ by law f be+ p]v]t$ into a nuisance4 ,! social *ange :i* is /ill 9 progress along ^! l9es no wise ,*ri/ian patriot c contemplate ) complac5cy4 ,x ?reat5s1 :5 complete1 to deprive u ( t univ]sal quiet ,sabba? re/ :i* has be5 "o ( ! glories ( ,am]ican social life1 & an important elem5t 9 its economic prosp]ity1 & to give 9 place ( x1 to "s1 no assurance ( a ,sabba? re/ at all1 to o!rs1 a ,sabba? ( revelry & debau*4 ,,footnotes3 #ced3a ,?ompson1 ,! ,presbyt]ians1 *ap4 xiii42 ,johnson1 ,! ,s\!rn ,presbyt]ians1 *ap4 v4 #ceg3a ,! immigration is ?us giv5 by decades1 ) an illu/rative diagram1 by ,dr4 ,dor*e/]1 ,*ri/ianity 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 p4 #gei3 #ahbe-ce #ccj1gcg #ahce-de #gjg1ggj #ahde-ee #b1idd1hcc #ahee-fe #a1egh1dhc #ahfe-ge #c1bcd1jij #ahge-he #d1jfa1bgh #ceh3a ,ibid41 p4 #gad4 ,we h quot$ 9 r\nd numb]s4 ,! figures d n include ! l>ge sums exp5d$ annually 9 ! colportage "w ( ,bible & tract societies1 9 ,sunday s*ool missions1 & 9 ! build+ ( *ur*es & p>sonages4 ,9 ! acc\nts ( ! la/-nam$ mo/ effective ent]prise ! small am\nts receiv$ & appropriat$ to aid 9 build+ w\ld repres5t manifold m ga!r$ & exp5d$ by ! pione] *ur*es on ! gr\nd4 #cei3a ,dor*e/]1 op4 cit41 p4 #gji4 #cei3b ,above1 pp4 #bei1 #bfj4 #cei3c ,a pamphlet publi%$ at ! (fice ( ! ,new ,york ,sun1 away back 9 ! e>ly ?irties1 0 =m]ly 9 my possession1 :i* und]took to give1 "u ! title ,! ,ri* ,m5 ( ,new ,york1 ! "n ( e p]son 9 t city :o 0 wor? m ?an "o hundr$ ?\s& doll>s--& x 0 n a l>ge pamphlet1 ei!r4 ,z ne>ly z ,i rememb]1 !re 7 less ?an a half-doz5 names cr$it$ ) m ?an a million1 & "o solit>y "n1 t ( ,john ,jacob ,a/or1 0 report$ z good = ! enorm\s & almo/ incr$ible sum ( t5 millions4 #cfa3a ,dor*e/]1 ,*ri/ianity 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 p4 #gae4 #cfa3b ,see above1 p4 #gj4 #cfc3a ,bi%op ,v9c5t1 9 ,s*aff-,h]zog ,encyclop$ia1 p4 #dda4 ,! numb] ( /ud5ts 9 ! ,*autauqua ,lit]>y & ,sci5tific ,circle already 9 #ahia exce$$ tw5ty-five ?\s&4 #cfg3a ,among ! titles omitt$ f ?is li/ are ! v>i\s ,l5d-a-,h& ,clubs1 & #aj x #a #aj ,clubs1 & circles ( ,k+'s ,daught]s1 & l cot]ies1 t h be5 inspir$ by ! tales & ! f\r mottoes ( ,edw>d ,ev]ett ,hale4 #cfi3a ,dr4 ,h4 ,k4 ,c>roll1 9 ,! ,indep5d5t1 ,april #a1 #ahig4 #cfi3b ,congregationali/ ,h&book = #ahig1 p4 #ce4 #cga3a ,we/m9/] ,%ort] ,cate*ism1 ,ans4 #fj4 ,! comm5t>ies on ! ,cate*ism1 :i* are _m1 l ,gem>a ^u ,mi%na1 build wid] & high] ! f5ce ar\nd ! law1 9 a fa%ion truly rabb9ic4 #cgb3a ,colossians1 ii4 #af4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,! ,,*ur* ,,9 ,,!ology ,,& ,,lit]ature4 ,! rapid review ( ?ree cr[d$ c5turies1 :i* is all t ! n>r[ly prescrib$ limits ( ?is volume h p]mitt$1 has necess>ily be5 ma9ly re/rict$ to ext]nal facts4 ,b look+ back ov] ! c\rse ( visible ev5ts1 x is n impossible = acute m9ds devot$ to su* /udy to trace ! /ream ( ?\ght & s5tim5t t is sometimes hidd5 f direct view by ! ov]gr[? :i* itself has n\ri%$4 ,we h se5 a pr(\nd spiritual *ange1 r5ew+ ! face ( ! l& & leav+ its indelible impress on successive g5]ations1 spr++ f ! pr(\nde/ contemplations ( ,god & 8 "w ( salvation ?r\gh ,jesus ,*ri/1 & !n br++ back into ?\ghtful & tea*able m9ds new que/ions to be solv$ & new discov]ies ( tru? to be pond]$4 ,! "o s*ool ( !ological op9ion & inquiry t c be describ$ z *>act]i/ically ,am]ican is ! !ology ( ! ,great ,awak5+4 ,! disciples ( ?is s*ool1 9 all its div]g5t bran*es1 agree 9 look+ back to ! fir/ ,jona?an ,edw>ds z ! f\nd] ( x4 ,?r\gh its g5]ations x has %[n a /rik+ sequ5ce & cont9uity ( intellectual & spiritual life1 ea* g5]ation answ]+ que/ions put to x by its pr$ecessor1 :ile prop\nd+ new que/ions to ! g5]ation foll[+4 ,aft] ! classical writ+s ( its fir/ f\nd]s1 ! mo/ widely influ5tial production ( ?is s*ool is ! ,!ology ,expla9$ & ,def5d$ 9 a ,s]ies ( ,s]mons ( ,presid5t ,dwight4 ,?is _h ! advantage ov] "s o!r sy/ems ( hav+ be5 prea*$1 & ?us prov$ to be prea*able4 ,! s]ies ( s]mons 0 t deliv]$ to successive g5]ations ( college /ud5ts at ,yale at a "t ( prevail+ skepticism1 :5 e /atem5t ( ! college pulpit 0 liable to %>p & n too fri5dly scrut9y2 & x 0 prea*$ ) ! fix$ purpose ( conv9c+ & conv]t+ ! "y m5 :o he>d x4 ,! audi5ce1 ! occasion1 & ! man--a f]vid ,*ri/ian1 & a born poet & orator--comb9$ to produce a "w ( wide & endur+ influ5ce4 ,! dyna/y ( ! ,edw>deans is cont9u$ d[n to ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 & lat]1 ?r\gh diff]5t l9es1 end+ 9 ,emmons ( ,frankl91 ,taylor ( ,new ,hav51 & ,f9ney ( ,ob]l91 & is repres5t$ among ! liv+ by ! v5]able ,edw>ds ,a4 ,p>k1 ( ,&ov]1 :o adds to t p[] ( su/a9$ speculative ?9k+ 9 a /raight l9e :i* is *>act]i/ic ( ! :ole s*ool1 a wide le>n+ 9 ! :ole field ( !ological lit]ature1 :i* _h n be5 usual among 8 pr$ecessors4 ,x is a prevail+ trait ( ?is !ology1 born ( ! great revival1 t x has con/antly held be=e itself n only ! "q1 ,:at is tru?8 b also ! "q1 ,h[ %all x be prea*$8 ,x has nev] ceas$ to be a revival !ology4 ,a bold & op5 brea* ( tradition>y assumptions & habits ( reason+ 0 made by ,horace ,bu%nell4 ,?is 0 a !ologian ( a diff]5t type f 8 ,new ,engl& pr$ecessors4 ,he 0 ( a temp] little dispos$ to accept ei!r me?ods or results z a local tradition1 & incl9$ r to pref] t :i* _h be5 hamm]$ out on 8 own anvil4 ,& yet1 :ile v free 9 manife/+ 8 small respect = ! logick+ by syllogi/ic processes :i* _h be5 ! pride ( ! !ological *air & ev5 ! pulpit 9 ,am]ica1 & :ile decl9+ ! use ( curr5t phraseologies ev5 = ! expression ( curr5t ideas1 he held himself loyally subject to ! canon ( ! ,scriptures z 8 rule ( fai?1 & def]5tial to ! voice ( ! *ur* ca?olic z utt]$ 9 ! concord ( te/imony ( holy m5 9 all ages4 ,end[$ ) a poet's p[] ( intuition1 uplift$ by a f]vid piety1 utt]+ himself 9 a lit]>y /yle s+ul>ly ri* & melodi\s1 x is n /range t su* a man %\ld h made l>ge contributions to ! !ological ?\ght ( 8 own & lat] times4 ,9 natural !ology1 8 disc\rses on ,! ,moral ,uses ( ,d>k ,?+s 7#ahfi71 & 8 longe/ cont9u\s "w1 on ,nature & ! ,sup]natural 7#aheh71 ev5 ?\gh read r z prose-poems ?an z argum5ts1 s\nd di/9ctly new notes 9 ! treatm5t ( _! !me4 ,9 ,god 9 ,*ri/ 7#ahdi71 ,*ri/ 9 ,!ology 7#ahea71 ,! ,vic>i\s ,sacrifice 7#ahff71 & ,=giv5ess & ,law 7#ahgd71 & 9 a notable article 9 ! ,new ,engl&] = ,novemb]1 #ahed1 entitl$ ,! ,*ri/ian ,tr9ity a ,practical ,tru?1 ! great topics ( ! ,*ri/ian sy/em 7 dealt ) all ! m effectively1 9 ! m9ds ( ?\ghtful read]s 9 ?is & o!r l&s1 = cries ( al>m & newspap] & pulpit impea*m5ts ( h]esy t 7 s5t =?4 ,b t "w ( 8 :i* mo/ ne>ly made z well z m>k$ an epo* 9 ,am]ican *ur* hi/ory 0 ! treatise ( ,*ri/ian ,nurture 7#ahdg74 ,?is1 ) ! protract$ controv]sy t foll[$ ^u ! publication ( x1 0 a p[]ful influ5ce 9 lift+ ! ,am]ican *ur* out ( ! rut ( m]e individualism t _h be5 we>+ deep] & deep] f ! days ( ! ,great ,awak5+4 ,ano!r :olesome & edify+ debate 0 occasion$ by ! publications t w5t =? f ! college & !ological sem9>y ( ! ,g]man ,re=m$ ,*ur*1 situat$ at ,m]c]sburg 9 ,p5nsylvania4 ,at ?is in/itution 0 effect$ a fruitful union ( ,am]ican & ,g]man !ology2 ! result 0 to comm5d to ! g5]al att5tion aspects ( tru?1 philosophical1 !ological1 & hi/orical1 n previ\sly curr5t among ,am]ican ,prote/ants4 ,! book ( ,dr4 ,john ,williamson ,nev91 entitl$ ,! ,my/ical ,pres5ce3 ,a ,v9dication ( ! ,re=m$ or ,calv9i/ic ,doctr9e ( ! ,holy ,eu*>i/1 reveal$ to ! va/ multitude ( *ur*es & m9i/]s t glori$ 9 ! "n ( ,calv9i/ ! fact t on ! mo/ di/9ctive article ( ,calv9ism !y 7 n ,calv9i/s at all1 b ,zw+lians4 ,! enunciation ( ! /&>d doctr9e ( ! v>i\s ,presbyt]ian *ur*es excit$ among !mselves a clamor ( ,h]esy6 & ! doctr9e ( ,calv9 0 put ^u trial be=e ! ,calv9i/s4 ,! outcome ( a discussion t ext5d$ itself f> beyond ! b\nd>ies ( ! comp>atively small & un9flu5tial ,g]man ,re=m$ ,*ur* 0 to elevate ! po9t ( view & broad5 ! horizon ( ,am]ican /ud5ts ( ! con/itution & hi/ory ( ! *ur*4 ,lat] g5]ations ( su* /ud5ts owe no light obligation to ! fidelity & c\rage ( ,dr4 ,nev91 z well z to ! erudition & imm5se productive dilig5ce ( 8 associate1 ,dr4 ,philip ,s*aff4#cgg3a ,x is incid5tal to ! prevail+ me?od ( in/ruction 9 !ology by a c\rse ( prelections 9 :i* ! tea*] reads to 8 class 9 detail 8 own orig9al summa !ologiae1 t ! ,am]ican press has be5 prolific ( pond]\s volumes ( sy/ematic div9ity4 ,among ! m notable ( ^! sy/ems are ^? ( ,leon>d ,woods 79 five volumes7 & ( ,eno* ,pond2 ( ! two ,drs4 ,hodge1 fa!r & son2 ( ,rob]t ,j4 ,breck9ridge & ,james ,h4 ,?ornwell & ,rob]t ,l4 ,dabney2 & ! ,sy/ematic ,!ology ( a mu* y\ng] man1 ,dr4 ,augu/us ,h4 ,/rong1 ( ,ro*e/] ,sem9>y1 :i* has won = itself v unusual & wide respect4 ,exceptional = ability1 z well z = its orig9ality ( conception1 is ,! ,republic ( ,god3 ,an ,in/itute ( ,!ology1 by ,eli%a ,mul=d1 a disciple ( ,maurice & ( ! reali/ philosophy1 ! ?\ght ( ^: :ole life is conta9$ 9 ?is & 8 k9dr$ "w on ,! ,nation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,h[ great is ! debt :i* ! *ur* owes to its h]etics is frequ5tly illu/rat$ 9 ! progress ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ,am]ica4 ,if x _h n be5 = ! ,unit>ian defection 9 ,new ,engl&1 & = ! attacks f ,g]many ^u ! hi/oricity ( ! gospels1 ! !ologians ( ,am]ica might to ?is day h be5 engross$ 9 ?re%+ old /raw 9 endless debates on fix$ fate1 free w1 =ekn[l$ge absolute4 ,! exig5cies ( controv]sy =c$ ! /udy ( ! orig9al docum5ts ( ! *ur*4 ,f 8 entrance ^u 8 pr(essor%ip at ,&ov]1 9 #ahaj1 ! eag] en?usiasm ( ,moses ,/u>t made him ! fa!r ( exegetical sci5ce n only = ,am]ica1 b = all ! ,engli%-speak+ c\ntries4 ,8 n less em95t pupil & associate1 ,edw>d ,rob9son1 lat] ( ! ,union ,sem9>y1 ,new ,york1 creat$ out ( no?+ ! /udy ( biblical geography4 ,associat+ ) himself ! mo/ accompli%$ liv+ ,arabi/1 ,eli ,smi?1 ( ! ,am]ican mission at ,beirut1 he made ^? ,biblical ,rese>*es 9 ,pale/9e :i* h be5 ! f\ndation on :i* all lat] explor]s h built4 ,ano!r ,am]ican mission>y1 ,dr4 ,w4 ,m4 ,?omson1 has giv5 ! mo/ valuable popul> exposition ( ! same subject 9 8 volumes on ,! ,l& & ! ,book4 ,) ! exception ( ,dr4 ,h5ry ,clay ,trumbull 9 8 det]m9ation ( ! site ( ,kade%-b>nea1 ! ,am]ican successors to ,rob9son 9 ! orig9al exploration ( ! ,bible l&s h made few additions to our k4 ,b 9 ! dep>tm5t ( biblical ar*aeology ! "w ( ,drs4 ,w>d1 ,pet]s1 & ,hilpre*t 9 ! m\nds ( ,babylonia1 & ( ,mr4 ,bliss 9 ,pale/9e1 has add$ n a little to ! cr$it ( ! ,am]ican *ur* aga9/ ! heavy balance :i* we owe to ! s*ol>%ip ( ,europe4 ,monum5tal works 9 lexicography h be5 produc$ by ,dr4 ,?ay]1 ( ,cambridge1 on ,new ,te/am5t ,greek2 by ,pr(essor ,francis ,br[n1 ( ,new ,york1 9 conjunction ) ,canon ,driv]1 ( ,ox=d1 on ! languages ( ! ,old ,te/am5t2 & by ,dr4 ,sophocles1 ( ,cambridge1 on ! ,byzant9e ,greek4 ,9 ! "w ( ! textual criticism ( ! ,scriptures1 not)/&+ its remot5ess f ! manuscript s\rces ( /udy1 ,am]ica has furni%$ two names t are held 9 honor ?r\gh\t ! le>n$ _w3 among ! rec5t dead1 ,ezra ,abbot1 ( ,cambridge1 univ]sally belov$ & lam5t$2 & among ! liv+1 ,casp> ,r5e ,gregory1 successor to ! labors & ! fame ( ,tis*5dorf4 ,a ?ird "n is t ( ! late ,dr4 ,isaac ,h4 ,hall1 ! successful collator ( ,syriac ,new ,te/am5t manuscripts4 ,9 ^? /udies ( ! high] criticism :i* at ! pres5t day are absorb+ s mu* ( ! att5tion ( biblical s*ol>s1 & ! progress ( :i* is wat*$ ) reasonable anxiety = _! be>+ on t dogma ( ! absolute in]rancy ( ! canonical ,scriptures :i* has s commonly be5 po/ulat$ z ! f\ndation ( ,prote/ant sy/ems ( reveal$ !ology1 ! ,am]ican *ur* has tak5 eag] int]e/4 ,an em95t1 & 9 "s respects ! =emo/1 place among ! lead]s 9 ,am]ica ( ^! inve/igations into ! sub/ructure1 if n ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 at lea/ ( ! "w ( ! sy/em-build]s1 is held by ,pr(essor ,w4 ,h4 ,gre51 ( ,pr9ceton1 ^: pa9/ak+ essays 9 ! high] criticism h done mu* to /imulate ! /udies ( y\ng] m5 :o h come out at conclusions diff]5t f 8 own4 ,! works ( ,pr(essors ,briggs1 ( ,union ,sem9>y1 & ,h5ry ,p4 ,smi?1 ( ,lane ,sem9>y1 h _h ! invaluable advantage ( be+ comm5d$ to public att5tion by ecclesia/ical processes & debates4 ,! two volumes ( ,pr(essor ,bacon1 ( ,yale1 h be5 recogniz$ by ! =emo/ s*ol>s ( ,great ,brita9 & ,g]many z conta9+ orig9al contributions t[>d ! solution ( ! problem ( ,p5tateu*al analysis4 ,! intricate critical que/ions pres5t$ by ! ,book ( ,judges h be5 h&l$ ) supreme ability by ,pr(essor ,moore1 ( ,&ov]1 9 8 comm5t>y on t book4 ,a desid]atum 9 biblical lit]ature has be5 well suppli$ by ,pr(essor ,bissell1 ( ,h>t=d1 9 a "w on ! ,old ,te/am5t ,apocrypha4 ,b ! magnum opus ( ,am]ican biblical s*ol>%ip1 associat+ ) itself ! be/ le>n+ & ability ( o!r nations1 is ! publication1 "u ! direction ( ,pr(essor ,haupt1 ( ,baltimore1 ( a critical text ( ! entire ,scriptures 9 ! orig9al languages1 ) new translations & notes1 = ! use ( s*ol>s4 ,! und5iably grave !ological difficulties occasion$ by ! results ( critical /udy h giv5 rise to a novel dogma conc]n+ ! ,scriptures1 :i*1 if x may ju/ly be claim$ z a product ( ! ,pr9ceton ,sem9>y1 w\ld seem to discr$it ! mode/ boa/ ( ! v5]at$ ,dr4 ,*>les ,hodge1 t ,pr9ceton has nev] orig9at$ a new idea4 ,x consi/s 9 ! hypo!sis ( an orig9al autograph ( ! ,scriptures1 ! precise cont5ts ( :i* are n[ undiscov]able1 b :i* diff]$ f any exi/+ text 9 be+ absolutely free f error ( any k9d4 ,! hypo!sis has no small advantage 9 ?is1 t if x is n susceptible ( pro(1 x is equally secure f refutation4 ,if n practically useful1 x is at lea/ novel1 & on ?is gr\nd entitl$ to m5tion 9 rec\nt+ ! contributions ( ! ,am]ican *ur* to !ology at a really p]il\s po9t 9 ! progress ( biblical /udy4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! field ( *ur* hi/ory1 aside f local & sect>ian hi/ories1 0 late 9 be+ invad$ by ,am]ican !ologians4 ,= _m g5]ations ! !ology ( ,am]ica 0 di/9ctly unhi/orical1 speculative1 & prov9cial4 ,b a *ange 9 ?is respect 0 inevitably sure to come4 ,! /rong prop5sity ( ! national m9d t[>d hi/orical /udies is illu/rat$ by ! l>ge proportion ( hi/orical works among ! ma/]pieces ( our lit]ature1 :e!r 9 prose or 9 v]se4 ,x w\ld seem z if our consci\s pov]ty 9 hi/orical monum5ts & traditions _h eng5d]$ an eag] hung] = hi/ory4 ,no travel]s 9 anci5t l&s are su* en?usia/s 9 seek+ ! monum5ts ( remote ages z ^? ^: homes are 9 regions n two g5]ations remov$ f ! prehi/oric wild]ness4 ,x 0 c]ta9 t z soon z !ology %\ld beg9 to be taught to ,am]ican /ud5ts 9 its relation to ! hi/ory ( ! k+dom ( ,*ri/1 ! *>m ( ?is me?od w\ld be ke5ly felt4 ,we may assume ! date ( #ahec z an epo* f :i* to date ?is new era ( !ological /udy4 ,x 0 9 t ye> t ! gift$1 le>n$1 & inspir+ tea*]1 ,h5ry ,boynton ,smi?1 0 transf]r$ f ! *air ( hi/ory 9 ,union ,!ological ,sem9>y1 ,new ,york1 to ! *air ( sy/ematic !ology4 ,?r\gh 8 premature & mo/ lam5t$ dea? ! *ur* has fail$ ( receiv+ t sy/em ( doctr9e :i* _h be5 hop$ = at 8 h&s4 ,b ! hi/oric _s :i* *>act]iz$ him has ev] s9ce be5 *>act]i/ic ( t sem9>y4 ,x is illu/rative ( ! *ang$ tone ( !ologiz+ t aft] ! dea? ( ,pr(essor ,smi?1 9 ! reorganization ( ! faculty ( t important in/itution1 x 0 mann$ 9 ! ?ree *ief dep>tm5ts1 exegetical1 dogmatic1 & practical1 by m5 ^: em95t di/9ction 0 9 ! l9e ( *ur* hi/ory4 ,! names ( ,hit*cock1 ,s*aff1 & ,%$d _c be m5tion$ )\t br++ to m9d "s ( ! mo/ valuable gifts t ,am]ica has made to ! lit]ature ( ! univ]sal *ur*4 ,if to ^! we add ! names ( ,george ,p>k ,fi%]1 ( ,yale1 & ,bi%op ,hur/1 & ,alex&] ,v4 ,g4 ,all51 ( ,cambridge1 au?or ( ,! ,cont9uity ( ,*ri/ian ,?\ght1 & ,h5ry ,*>les ,lea1 ( ,philadelphia1 we h already v9dicat$ = ,am]ican s*ol>%ip a high place 9 ?is dep>tm5t ( ,*ri/ian lit]ature4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 practical !ology ! productiv5ess ( ! ,am]ican *ur* 9 ! matt] ( s]mons has be5 s copi\s t ev5 = ! briefe/ m5tion "s n>r[ rule ( exclusion mu/ be foll[$4 ,!re is no d\bt t 9 a multitude ( cases ! noble/ utt]ances ( ! ,am]ican pulpit1 be+ unwritt51 h nev] come into lit]ature1 b h surviv$ = a "t z a gl[+ memory1 & !n a fad+ tradition4 ,! /atem5t applies to _m ( ! mo/ fam\s revival prea*]s2 & 9 consequ5ce ( a preval5t prejudice aga9/ ! writ+ ( s]mons1 x applies especially to ! great ,me?odi/ & ,bapti/ prea*]s1 ^: repres5tation on ! %elves ( libr>ies is mo/ disproportionate to _! influ5ce on ! c\rse ( ! k+dom ( ,*ri/4 ,( o!r s]mons1--& good s]mons1--pr9t$ & publi%$1 _m h _h an influ5ce almo/ z re/rict$ & z evanesc5t z ! utt]ances ( ! pulpit improvisator4 ,if we conf9e ourselves to ^? s]mons t h surviv$ _! g5]ation or won att5tion beyond ! limits ( local int]e/ or ( sect>ian fell[%ip1 ! li/ w n be unmanageably long4 ,9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ! ,unit>ian pulpits ( ,bo/on 7 adorn$ ) e lit]>y grace kn[n to ! rhetoric ( t p]iod4 ,! lu/] ( ,*ann+'s fame has out%one & outla/$ t ( 8 associates2 & yet ^! 7 />s ( h>dly less magnitude4 ,! two ,w>es1 fa!r & son1 ! y\ng] ,buckm9/]1 ^: s+ul> p[] z a prea*] 0 kn[n n only to wond]+ he>]s1 b to read]s on bo? sides ( ! ocean1 ,gannett & ,dewey--^! 7 among !m2 &1 9 ! next g5]ation1 ,h5ry ,w4 ,bell[s1 ,?omas ,/>r ,k+1 & ,james ,freeman ,cl>ke4 ,no body ( cl]gy ( l size 0 ev] s respl5d5t ) tal5ts & accompli%m5ts4 ,! names alone ( ^? :o left ! ,unit>ian pulpit = a lit]>y or political c>e]--,sp>ks1 ,ev]ett1 ,bancr(t1 ,em]son1 ,ripley1 ,palfrey1 ,upham1 among !m--are a con/ellation by !mselves4 ,to ! m]ely lit]>y critic ^? e>ne/ prea*]s1 su* z ,lyman & ,edw>d ,bee*]1 ,griff91 ,s]5o ,dwight1 ,wayl&1 & ,kirk1 :o felt call$ ( ,god to )/&1 9 ,bo/on1 ?is spl5did array ( n less e>ne/ m51 7 cle>ly inf]ior to _! antagoni/s4 ,b !y 7 successful4 ,a few ye>s lat]1 ! preem95t ,am]ican writ] ( s]mons to be read & pond]$ 9 e "p ( ! _w 0 ,horace ,bu%nell2 z ! great popul> prea*]1 ^: words1 caught burn+ f 8 lips1 roll$ ar\nd ! _w 9 a p]petual /ream1 0 ,h5ry ,w>d ,bee*]4 ,widely diff]5t f ei!r ( ^!1 & yet 9 an honorable s5se successor to ! fame ( bo?1 0 ,phillips ,brooks1 ( all ,am]ican prea*]s mo/ widely belov$ & honor$ 9 all p>ts ( ! *ur*4 ,( liv+ prea*]s ^: s]mons h already atta9$ a place ( honor 9 libr>ies at home & abroad1 ! "n ( ,bi%op ,f4 ,d4 ,hunt+ton /&s among ! =emo/2 & ^? :o h be5 *>m$ by ! brilliant rhetoric & in/ruct$ f ! copi\s le>n+ ( 8 college classmate1 ,dr4 ,ri*>d ,s4 ,/orrs1 mu/ feel x a wrong done to our national lit]ature t ^! gifts %\ld be *iefly kn[n to ! read+ public only by occasional disc\rses & by two valuable /udies 9 religi\s hi/ory in/ead ( by volumes ( s]mons4 ,p]haps no ,am]ican pulpits h to-day a wid] he>+ beyond ! sea ?an two t /& )9 he>+ di/ance ( ea* o!r on ,new ,hav5 ,gre51 occupi$ by ,!odore ,t4 ,mung] & ,newman ,smy?4 ,! pulpit ( ,plym\? ,*ur*1 ,brooklyn1 has n ceas$1 s9ce ! accession ( ,lyman ,abbott1 to wield a wide & weighty influ5ce1--less wide1 b 9 "s respects m weighty1 ?an 9 ! days ( 8 fam\s pr$ecessor1--by reason ( a well-des]v$ reputation = biblical le>n+ & insight1 & = c&or & wisdom 9 apply+ ,scriptural pr9ciples to ! solution ( curr5t que/ions4 ,! e>ly ,am]ican !ology 01 z we h se51 a rhetorical & n a m]ely s*ola/ic !ology--a !ology to be prea*$4#chd3a ,9 l mann]1 ! ,am]ican pulpit 9 ^? days 0 di/9ctly !ological1 l a pr(essor's *air4 ,"o :o /udies ) c>e ! pulpit ( to-day1 9 ^? volumes t seem to comm& ! wide/ & mo/ endur+ att5tion1 w f9d t x is to a l>ge ext5t apologetic1 address+ itself to ! abat+ ( d\bts & objections to ! ,*ri/ian sy/em1 or1 recogniz+ ! exi/+ d\bts1 urg+ ! religi\s duties t are nev]!less incumb5t on ! d\bt+ m9d4 ,x has ceas$ to assume ! sub/antial s\ndness ( ! he>] 9 ! ma9 pr9ciples ( or?odox op9ion1 & reg>ds him z "o to be held to ! *ur* by attraction1 p]suasion1 or argum5t4 ,! result ( ?is attitude ( ! prea*] is to make ! pulpit /udi\sly1 & ev5 eag]ly1 attractive & int]e/+4 ,?is virtue has its correspond+ fault4 ,! ,am]ican prea*] ( to-day is little 9 dang] ( be+ dull2 8 p]il lies at ! o!r extreme4 ,8 temptation is r to ! feebl5ess ( extravagant /atem5t1 & to an ov]/ra9$ & !atric rhetoric su* z "s p]sons f9d s attractive 9 ! disc\rses ( ,dr4 ,talmage1 & o!rs f9d repulsive & intol]able4 ,a direction 9 :i* ! lit]ature ( practical !ology 9 ,am]ica is sure to exp& itself 9 ! imm$iate future is indicat$ 9 ! title ( a rec5t "w ( t v]satile & useful writ]1 ,dr4 ,wa%+ton ,gladd51 ,appli$ ,*ri/ianity4 ,! salut>y conviction t political economy _c be reli$ on by itself to adju/ all ! intricate relations ( m5 "u mod]n conditions ( life1 t ! e?ical que/ions t arise are n go+ to solve !mselves automatically by ! law ( dem& & supply1 t ! gospel & ! *ur* & ! ,_s ( ,*ri/ h some:at to d 9 ! matt]1 has be5 settl+ itself deeply into ! m9ds ( ,*ri/ian believ]s4 ,! impression t ! que/ions betwe5 labor & capital1 betwe5 sordid pov]ty & ov]gr[n weal?1 7 old-_w que/ions1 ( :i* we ( ! ,new ,_w are reliev$1 is effectually dispell$4 ,?us f> !re is n mu* ( hi/ory to be writt5 "u ?is head1 b some:at ( prophecy4 ,x is n[ und]/ood1 & felt 9 ! consci5ce1 t ^! que/ions are = e ,*ri/ian to consid]1 & = ^? und]tak+ ! cure ( s\ls to make ! subject ( _! fai?ful1 labori\s pr(essional /udy4 ,! f\nd+ ( pr(essor%ips ( social e?ics 9 ! !ological sem9>ies mu/ lead to important & spe$y results 9 ! effici5cy ( *ur*es & pa/ors 9 deal+ ) ?is difficult class ( problems4#chf3a ,b :atev] advances %all be made 9 ! future1 no small "p ( ! impulse t[>d !m w be recogniz$ z com+ f1 or r ?r\gh1 ! inspir+ & mo/ ,*ri/ian humanit>ian writ+s & ! p]sonal influ5ce & example ( ,edw>d ,ev]ett ,hale4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 "o noble dep>tm5t ( religi\s lit]ature1 ! liturgical1 ! record ( ! ,am]ican *ur* is meag]4 ,! reaction among ! e>ly coloni/s & _m ( ! lat] settl]s aga9/ =ms ( wor%ip impos$ by political au?ority 0 viol5t4 ,seek+ = a logical basis1 x plant$ itself on ! assumption t no =m 7unless an improvis$ =m7 is p]mitt$ 9 public wor%ip1 except su* z are sanction$ by express ^w ( ,scripture4 ,9 _! /urdy resolution to ?r[ (f & break up ! yoke1 :i* nei!r !y nor _! fa!rs _h be5 able to be>1 ( ord9ances & traditions complicat$ ) n a little ( debilitat+ sup]/ition1 ! extreme ,puritans ( ,engl& & ,scotl& reject$ ! :ole sy/em ( holy days 9 ! ,*ri/ian ye>1 includ+ ! au!ntic anniv]s>ies ( ,passov] & ,p5teco/1 & discont9u$ ! use ( religi\s c]emonies at m>riages & fun]als4#chf3b ,! only liturgical compositions t h come d[n to u f ! fir/ g5]ations are ! v>i\s attempts1 9 v>i\s degrees ( h>%ness & rud5ess1 at ! v]sification ( psalms & o!r ,scriptures = s++4 ,! emancipation ( ! *ur* f its bondage to an artificial dogma came1 z we h already se51 ) ! ,great ,awak5+ & ! introduction ( ,watts's ,psalms ( ,david1 ,imitat$ 9 ! ,language ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4#chg3a ,aft] ! ,revolution1 at ! reque/ ( ! ,g5]al ,association ( ,connecticut & ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 ,timo?y ,dwight complet$ ! "w ( ,watts by v]sify+ a few omitt$ psalms1#chg3b & add$ a brief selection ( hymns1 *iefly 9 ! grave & solemn ,scriptural /yle ( ,watts & ,doddridge4 ,!n foll[$1 9 successive tides1 f ,engl&1 ! copi\s hymnody ( ! ,me?odi/ revival1 bo? ,calv9i/ & ,wesleyan1 ( ! ,evangelical revival1 & n[ at la/ ( ! ,ox=d revival1 ) its afflu5ce ( translations f ! anci5t hymni/s1 z well z ( orig9al hymns4 ,x is d\btless ow+ to ?is abundant int]mitt5t infl[ f ,engl& t ! production ( ,am]ican hymns has be5 s scanty4 ,only a few writ]s1 among !m ,?omas ,ha/+s & ,ray ,palm]1 h writt5 ea* a consid]able numb] ( hymns t h tak5 root 9 ! common use ( ! *ur*4 ,n a few names besides are associat$ ea* ) "s "o or two or ?ree lyrics t h won an endur+ place 9 ! affections ( ,*ri/ian wor%ip]s4 ,! gospel hymns :i* h fl[$ f _m p5s 9 increas+ volume s9ce ! revival ( #aheg h prov$ _! great usefulness1 especially 9 connection ) ! m9i/ry ( ,messrs4 ,moody & ,sankey2 b !y are1 ev5 ! be/ ( !m1 %ort-liv$4 ,aft] _! season ! *ur* seems n unwill+ to let !m die4 ,soon aft] ! mid-po9t ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 began a s]i\s /udy ( ! subject ( ! conduct ( public wor%ip1 :i* cont9ues to ?is day1 ) good promise ( sometime rea*+ useful & /able results4 ,9 #ahee 0 publi%$ ,eutaxia1 or ! ,presbyt]ian ,liturgies3 ,hi/orical ,sket*es4 ,by a ,m9i/] ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*4 ,! au?or1 ,*>les ,w4 ,baird1 0 a man peculi>ly fitt$ to r5d] ! *ur* important s]vice1 su* z inde$ he did r5d] 9 ?is volume1 & 9 ! field ( ,hugu5ot hi/ory :i* he divid$ ) 8 bro!r1 ,h5ry ,m4 ,baird4 ,h[ great ! loss to hi/orical !ology ?r\gh 8 protract$ feebl5ess ( body & 8 dea? may be conjectur$1 n measur$4 ,?is brief volume awak5$ an int]e/ 9 ! subject ( x 9 ,am]ica1 & 9 ,scotl&1 & among ! noncon=mi/s ( ,engl&4 ,to ,am]ican ,presbyt]ians 9 g5]al x 0 some?+ l a surprise to be rem9d$ t ! si/]hood ( ! ,re=m$ sects 7 committ$ by _! e>lie/ & be/ traditions 9 favor ( liturgic uses 9 public wor%ip4 ,at ab\t ! same "t ! fruitful discussions ( ! ,m]c]sburg controv]sy 7 9 progress 9 ! ,g]man ,re=m$ ,*ur*4 ,m]c]sburg f\nd fault ) ! common /yle ( extemporane\s public pray]1 & advocat$ a revival ( ! liturgical *ur* s]vice ( ! ,re=mation p]iod1 b s modifi$ & reproduc$ z to be adapt$ to ! exi/+ wants ( ,prote/ant congregations4#chh3a ,ea* ( ^! discussions 0 foll[$ by a propos$ book ( wor%ip4 ,9 #aheg 0 publi%$ by ,mr4 ,baird ,a ,book ( ,public ,pray]1 ,compil$ f ! ,au?oriz$ ,=mul>ies ( ,wor%ip ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 z ,prep>$ by ! ,re=m]s1 ,calv91 ,knox1 ,buc]1 & o!rs2 & 9 #aheh 0 set =? by a committee ( ! ,g]man ,re=m$ ,*ur* ,a ,liturgy1 or ,ord] ( ,*ri/ian ,wor%ip4 ,9 #ahee ,/4 ,pet]'s ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* ( ,ro*e/] publi%$ its ,*ur*-book1 prep>$ by ,mr4 ,l4 ,w4 ,bacon1 !n act+ z pa/or1 :i* 0 pr9cipally notable = introduc+ ! use ( ! ,psalms 9 p>allelisms = responsive read+--a use :i* at once f\nd acceptance 9 _m *ur*es1 & has become g5]al 9 all p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,sporadic exp]im5ts foll[$ 9 v>i\s individual congregations1 look+ t[>d great] v>iety or great] dignity or great] musical attractiv5ess 9 ! s]vices ( public wor%ip1 or t[>d m active p>ticipation !re9 on ! "p ( ! p4 ,b ^! exp]im5ts1 conduct$ )\t conc]t or mutual c\nsel1 (t5 )\t s]i\s /udy ( ! subject1 & ) a feebly e/hetic purpose1 7 repres5tative ( individual notions1 & _h 9 !m no promise ( /ability or ( fruit aft] _! k9d4 ,only1 by ! increas+ numb] ( !m1 !y h giv5 pro( ( an unre/ on ?is subject :i* at la/ is beg9n+ to embody itself 9 organization & conc]t$ /udy & ent]prise4 ,a fifty ye>s ( m]e t5tative grop+ is likely to be foll[$ by ano!r fifty ye>s ( sub/antial progress4 ,! influ5ce ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* ^u ?is gr[+ t5d5cy has be5 sometimes favorable1 sometimes unfavorable1 b always important4 ,to beg9 )1 x has held up be=e ! :ole *ur* an example ( prescrib$ =ms = div9e wor%ip1 on ! :ole1 ! be/ 9 all hi/ory4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x has drawn to itself ^? 9 o!r sects ^: ta/es & t5d5cies w\ld make !m lead]s 9 ! /udy ( liturgics1 & ?us :ile re9=c+ itself has h9d]$ ! g5]al advance ( improvem5t 9 ! me?ods ( wor%ip4 ,)al1 its influ5ce has t5d$ to n>r[ ! discussion to ! consid]ation ( a s+le prov9cial & sect>ian tradition1 z if ! usage ( a "p ( ! ,*ri/ians ( ! s\!rn end ( "o ( ! isl&s ( ! ,briti% ar*ipelago _h a sort ( b9d+ au?ority ov] ! :ole we/]n cont95t4 ,b aga91 on ! o!r h&1 ! broad5+ ( its own views to ! ext5t ( develop+ di/9ctly div]se ways ( ?9k+ among its cl]gy & p has enl>g$ ! field ( /udy once m1 & t5d$ to int]e/ ! *ur* g5]ally 9 ! practical1 hi/orical1 & !ological aspects ( ! subject4 ,! some:at timid v5tures ( ,broad & ,evangelical m5 9 "o direction1 & ! fe>less break+ ( b\nds 9 ! o!r direction by ^? ( ,rituali/ sympa?ies1 h done mu* to lib]ate ?is important communion f slavi% uni=mity & indol5t traditionalism2 & )9 a few ye>s t has be5 accompli%$ :i* only a few ye>s e>li] w\ld h be5 deem$ impossible--! consid]able alt]ation & improvem5t ( ! ,book ( ,common ,pray]4 ,x is safe to progno/icate1 f ! c\rse ( ! hi/ory up to ?is po9t1 t ! subject ( ! conduct ( wor%ip w become m & m s]i\sly a subject ( /udy 9 ! ,am]ican *ur* 9 all its divisions2 t ! discussions !reon aris+ w be att5d$ ) /rong antagonisms ( s5tim5t2 t mutual antagonisms )9 ! sev]al sects w be comp5sat$ by affiliations ( m5 l-m9d$ across sect>ian l9es2 & t ?us1 z _m times be=e1 p>ticul> controv]sies w t5d to g5]al union & fell[%ip4 ,"o topic "u ?is title ( ,liturgics requires special m5tion--! use ( music 9 ! *ur*4 ,x 0 n till ! e>ly "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury t music began to be cultivat$ z an art 9 ,am]ica4#cia3a ,up to t "t ! s]vice ( song 9 ! h\se ( ! ,"l _h consi/$1 9 mo/ wor%ip+ assemblies on ?is cont95t1 9 ! s++ ( rude lit]al v]sifications ( ! ,psalms & o!r ,scriptures to "s eight or t5 old tunes h&$ d[n by tradition1 & v>i\sly sung 9 v>i\s congregations1 z modifi$ by local practice4 ,! com+ 9 ( s++ by rule 0 ne>ly co9cid5t ) ! introduction ( ,watts's psalms & hymns1 & 0 att5d$ ) l agitations4 ,! s++-s*ool = w9t] ev5+s became an almo/ univ]sal social in/itution2 & !re actually grew up an ,am]ican s*ool ( composition1 qua9t1 rude1 & ungrammatical1 :i* _h great vogue t[>d ! end ( ! la/ c5tury1 & is ev5 n[ rememb]$ by "s ) admiration & regret4 ,x 0 devot$ ma9ly to psalmody tunes ( an elaborate sort1 9 :i* ! fir/ half-/anza w\ld be sung 9 pla9 c\nt]po9t1 aft] :i* ! voices w\ld *ase ea* o!r ab\t 9 a lively imitative movem5t1 com+ out toge!r triumphantly at ! close4 ,!y ab\nd$ 9 =bidd5 progressions & empty *ords1 b 7 (t5 *>act]iz$ by f]vor ( feel+ & by /rong melodies4 ,a few ( !m1 z ,l5ox & ,nor?field1 /ill l+] 9 use2 & ! productions ( ?is s*ool 9 g5]al1 :i* am\nt to a consid]able volume1 are entitl$ to respectful remembrance z ! fir/ untutor$ utt]ance ( music 9 ,am]ica4 ,! use ( !m became a passionate delight to our gr&p>5ts2 & ! traditions are fre% & vivid ( ! great *oirs fill+ ! *ur* gall]ies on ?ree sides1 & toss+ ! !me ab\t f "p to "p4 ,! use ( ^! rudely artificial tunes involv$ a gravely important *ange 9 ! c\rse ( public wor%ip4 ,9 congregations t accept$ !m ! s++ necess>ily became an exclusive privilege ( ! *oir4 ,to a lam5table ext5t1 :]e !re 0 nei!r ! irregul> & spontane\s ejaculation ( ! ,me?odi/ nor ! rubrical response ( ! ,episcopalian1 ! p came to be %ut out f audible p>ticipation 9 ! acts ( public wor%ip4 ,a movem5t ( musical re=m 9 ! direction ( great] simplicity & dignity began e>ly 9 ?is c5tury1 :5 ,l[ell ,mason 9 ,bo/on & ,?omas ,ha/+s 9 ,new ,york began _! multitud9\s publications ( psalmody4 ,betwe5 !m n less ?an sev5ty volumes ( music 7 publi%$ 9 a p]iod ( half z _m ye>s4 ,_! imm5se & successful fecundity 0 imitat$ ) less success by o!rs1 until ! l& 0 swamp$ ) an annual flood ( *ur*-music books4 ,a ?9 diluvial /ratum rema9s to u f t "t 9 tunes1 *iefly f ! p5 ( ,dr4 ,mason1 t h tak5 p]man5t place z ,am]ican *orals4 ,su* pieces z ,boyl/on1 ,hebron1 ,rock+ham1 ,mission>y ,hymn1 & ! adaptations ( ,gregorian melodies1 ,olmutz & ,hamburg1 are n likely to be displac$ f _! hold on ! ,am]ican *ur* by m skill$ & exquisite compositions ( lat] s*ools4 ,b ! f]tile labors ( ! *ur* musicians ( ?is p]iod 7 affect$ by ! m>ket dem& = new mat]ial = ! s++-s*ool1 ! l>ge *ur* *oir1 & ! musical conv5tion4 ,! music ?us introduc$ into ! *ur*es consi/$ n s mu* ( hymn-tunes & an!ms z ( sacr$ glees4#cib3a ,be=e ! middle ( ! c5tury ! ,episcopal ,*ur* _h arriv$ at a po9t at :i* x 0 mu* look$ to to set ! fa%ions 9 su* matt]s z *ur* music & ar*itecture4 ,its influ5ce at ?is "t 0 v bad4 ,x 0 l>gely responsible = ! fa%ion1 /ill widely preval5t1 ( sub/itut+ = ! *ur* *oir a qu>tet ( pr(essional solo s+]s1 & = ! degradation ( *ur* music into ! da9ty1 langui%+1 & s5su\s /yle :i* su* arti/s d mo/ affect4 ,! p]iod ( ,! ,grace ,*ur* ,collection1 ,greatorex's ,collection1 & ! %eet-music compositions ( ,george ,william ,w>r5 & ,john ,r4 ,?omas 0 ! l[e/ tide ( ,am]ican *ur* music4 ,a heal?y reaction f ?is vici\s condition began ab\t #ahee1 ) ! introduction ( hymn-&-tune books & ! revival ( congregational s++4 ,f t "t ! progressive improvem5t ( ! public ta/e may be trac$ 9 ! "* ( ! books t h succe$$ "o ano!r 9 ! *ur*es1 until ! admirable compositions ( ! mod]n ,engli% s*ool ( psalmody t5d to pr$om9ate above ^? ( inf]ior quality4 ,x is ! m>k ( a transitional p]iod t bo? 9 *ur* music & 9 *ur* ar*itecture we seem to dep5d mu* on compositions & designs d]iv$ f old] c\ntries4 ,! future ( religi\s art 9 ,am]ica is suffici5tly well assur$ to leave no cause = hurry or anxiety4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 glanc+ back ov] ?is *apt]1 x w be /range if "s are n impress$1 & unfavorably impress$1 ) a disproportion 9 ! names cit$ z repres5tative1 :i* are tak5 *iefly f "s two or ?ree sects4 ,?is may ju/ly be ref]r$ 9 "p1 no d\bt1 to ! au?or's po9t ( view & to ! p]sonal equation2 b x is m l>gely due to ! fact t 9 ! specialization ( ! v>i\s sects ! "w ( !ological lit]ature & sci5ce has be5 di/9ctively ! lot ( ! ,congregationali/s & ! ,presbyt]ians1 & preem95tly ( ! =m]4#cid3a ,x is matt] ( congratulation t ! inequality among ! d5om9ations 9 ?is respect is 9 a fair way to be outgr[n4 ,special m5tion mu/ be made ( ! peculi>ly valuable contribution to ! liturgical lit]ature ( ,am]ica t is made by ! olde/ ( our episcopal *ur*es1 ! ,moravian4 ,?is v5]able organization is ri* n only 9 ! possession ( a h]oic m>tyr hi/ory1 b 9 ! inh]itance ( liturgic =ms & usages ( unsurpass$ beauty & dignity4 ,be=e ! o!r *ur*es _h em]g$ f a half-b>b>\s /ate 9 respect to *ur* music1 ?is art 0 successfully cultivat$ 9 ! ,moravian communities & missions4 ,9 pa/ times ^! h _h comp>atively few po9ts ( contact & influ5ce ) ! re/ ( ! *ur*2 b :5 ! elem5ts ( a common ord] ( div9e wor%ip %all by & by beg9 to gr[ into =m1 x is h>dly possible t ! ,moravian traditions w n ent] into x z an important factor4 ,a comb9ation ( conditions :i* 9 ! case ( o!r bodies 9 ! *ur* has be5 an effective disc\ragem5t to lit]>y production has appli$ ) especial =ce to ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,am]ica4 ,fir/1 its en]gies & res\rces1 great z !y are1 h be5 engross$ by absolutely prodigi\s burd5s ( practical labor2 & secondly1 its necess>y lit]>y mat]ial has be5 furni%$ to x f across ! sea1 ready to its h&1 or ne$+ only ! light labor ( translation4 ,b ^! two conditions are n en\gh1 ( !mselves1 to acc\nt = ! v meag] contribution ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* to ! common religi\s & !ological lit]ature ( ,am]ican ,*ri/5dom4 ,nei!r is ! fact expla9$ by ! g5]al l[ av]age ( culture among ! ,ca?olic population2 = lit]>y production does n ord9>ily proce$ f ! man ( av]age culture1 b f m5 ( sup]ior culture1 su* z ?is *ur* possesses 9 no small numb]1 & places 9 positions ( undi/urb$ le>n$ leisure t w\ld seem 9 ! highe/ degree promotive ( intellectual "w4 ,b ! comp>ative /ati/ics ( ! ,ca?olic & ! ,prote/ant c\ntries & univ]sities ( ,g]many seem to prove conclusively t ! _s & discipl9e ( ! ,roman ,*ur* are unfavorable to lit]>y productiv5ess 9 ^? l>ge fields ( intellectual activity t are common & free alike to ! s*ol>s ( all ,*ri/5dom4 ,x rema9s to be se5 :e!r ! /imulat+ atmosph]e & ! free & equal competitions ( ! ,new ,_w w n %[ _! invigorat+ effect 9 ! l>g] activity ( ,ca?olic s*ol>s1 & _! lib]ation f )9 ! n>r[ l9es ( polemic & def5sive lit]ature4 ,! republic ( ,*ri/ian lett]s has already %[n itself prompt to welcome accessions f ?is qu>t]4 ,! signs are favorable4 ,not)/&+ sev]e criticisms ( _! me?ods proce$+ f ! ,ca?olic press1 or r 9 consequ5ce ( su* criticisms1 ! ,ca?olic in/itutions ( high] le>n+ are ris+ 9 "* & 9 public respect2 & ! honorable ent]prise ( e/abli%+ at ,wa%+ton an ,am]ican ,ca?olic univ]sity1 on ! upbuild+ ( :i* %all be conc5trat$ ! entire intellectual /r5g? & culture ( ?is *ur*1 promises an invigorat+ influ5ce t %all ext5d ?r\gh t :ole sy/em ( educational in/itutions :i* ! *ur* has set on foot at imm5se co/1 & n ) :olly satisfactory results4 ,rec5t ev5ts 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,am]ica t5d to reassure all m9ds on an important po9t on :i* n bigots & al>mi/s only1 b lib]al-m9d$ citiz5s apo/olically will+ to look n only on _! own ?+s b also on ! ?+s ( o!rs1 h f\nd reasonable gr\nd = anxiety4 ,! ,am]ican ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 :ile *>act]iz$ 9 all its ranks1 9 respect ( loyal devotion to ! pope1 by a high type ( ultramontane or?odoxy1 is to be adm9i/]$ on patriotic ,am]ican pr9ciples4 ,! brief t]m ( s]vice ( ,monsignor ,satolli z papal legate clo!d ) pl5ipot5ti>y au?ority f ! ,roman see /amp$ out ! s*eme call$ f its promot] ,cah5slyism1 :i* w\ld h divid$ ! ,am]ican ,ca?olic ,*ur* into p]man5t ali5 communities1 cons]v+ ea* its =eign language & organiz$ "u its sep>ate hi]>*y4 ,! organization ( p>i%es to be adm9i/]$ 9 o!r languages ?an ,engli% is suff]$ only z a tempor>y necessity4 ,! deadly w>f>e aga9/ ! ,am]ican common-s*ool sy/em has abat$4 ,& ! anti-,am]ican d5unciations conta9$ 9 ! bull & syllabus ( ,decemb] #h1 #ahfd1 are op5ly r5\nc$ z lack+ ! note ( infallibility4#cif3a ,( c\rse1 z 9 all l>ge communities ( vigor\s vitality1 !re w be mutually antagoni/ p>ties 9 ?is body2 b x is h>dly to be d\bt$ t ) ! gr[? & acclimatization ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,am]ica t p>ty w ev5tually pr$om9ate :i* is mo/ 9 sympa?y ) ! rul+ ideas ( ! c\ntry & ! age4 ,,footnotes3 #cgg3a ,= full] acc\nts ( ! ,m]c]sburg !ology1 ) ref]5ces to ! lit]ature ( ! subject1 see ,dubbs1 ,! ,re=m$ ,*ur*1 ,g]man 7,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies1 vol4 viii471 pp4 #bai1 #bbj1 #chi-cgh2 also1 ,pr(essor ,e4 ,v4 ,g]h>t 9 ,s*aff-,h]zog ,encyclop$ia1 pp4 #adgc-adge4 #chd3a ,see above1 p4 #cge4 #chf3a ,! program ( ,yale ,div9ity ,s*ool = #ahif-ig ann\nces among ! requir$ /udies 9 s5ior ye> lectures on "s important problems ( ,am]ican life1 su* z ,socialism1 ,communism1 & ,an>*ism2 ,races 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ,immigration2 ! ,mod]n ,city2 ! ,wage ,sy/em2 ! ,relations ( ,employ] & ,employ$2 ,social ,classes2 ! ,causes1 ,prev5tion1 & ,puni%m5t ( ,crime2 & ,univ]sity ,settlem5ts4 #chf3b ,willi/on ,walk]1 ,! ,congregationali/s1 pp4 #bde1 #bdf4 #chg3a ,see above1 pp4 #ahb-ahd4 #chg3b ,! only relic ( ?is "w t survives 9 common use is ! immortal lyric1 ,i love ?y k+dom1 ,"l1 f\nd$ on a motif 9 ! "o hundr$ & ?irty-sev5? psalm4 ,?is1 ) ,doddridge's hymn1 ,my ,god1 & is ?y table spread8 cont9u$ = a long "t to be ! mo/ important *ur* hymn & eu*>i/ic hymn 9 ! ,engli% language4 ,we %\ld n p]haps h look$ = ! gift ( !m to two ,congregationali/ m9i/]s1 "o 9 ,new ,engl& & ! o!r 9 old ,engl&4 ,!re is no su* illu/ration ( ! spiritual unity ( ! holy ca?olic *ur*1 ! fell[%ip ( ! holy1 z is pres5t$ 9 a mod]n hymn-book4 #chh3a ,pr(essor ,g]h>t1 9 ,s*aff-,h]zog ,encyclop$ia1 p4 #adge4 #cia3a ,massa*usetts ,hi/orical ,collections1 second s]ies1 vol4 iv41 p4 #cja2 quot$ 9 ! ,new ,engl&]1 vol4 xiii41 p4 #dfg 7,augu/1 #ahee74 #cib3a ,?is 0 ! criticism ( ! late ,rev4 ,mr4 ,hav]gal1 ( ,worce/] ,ca!dral1 to :om ,dr4 ,mason _h s5t copies ( "s ( 8 books4 ,! incid5t 0 freely told by ,dr4 ,mason himself4 #cid3a ,= _m g5]ations ! religi\s & !ological lit]ature ( ! c\ntry proce$$ almo/ exclusively1 at fir/ or second h&1 f ,new ,engl&4 ,! ,presbyt]ian hi/orian1 ,pr(essor ,rob]t ,ellis ,?ompson1 rem>ks t until aft] ! division ( #ahcg ,am]ican ,presbyt]ianism made no important addition to ! lit]ature ( !ology 7,! ,presbyt]ians1 p4 #adc74 ,! l obs]vation is true d[n to a mu* m rec5t date ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,noble progress has be5 made 9 bo? ^! d5om9ations 9 rev]s+ ?is record4 #cif3a ,s 7= example7 ,bi%op ,o',gorman1 ,! ,roman ,ca?olics1 p4 #dcd4 ,& yet1 at ! "t1 ! bull ) its app5dix 0 c]ta9ly look$ ^u z an act ( infallibility4 ,see1 9 ,la ,bulle ,quanta ,cura et la ,civilisation ,mod]ne1 p> l',abbe ,pelage 7,p>is1 #ahfe71 ! utt]ances ( all ! ,fr5* bi%ops4 ,! language ( ,bi%op ,planti] ( ,poiti]s seems decisive3 ,! ,vic> ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 doctor & pa/or *>g$ ) ! tea*+ & rul+ ( ! entire *ur*1 address$ to ! bi%ops1 & ?r\gh !m to all ! ,*ri/ian univ]se1 in/ructions1 ! object ( :i* is to settle ! m9d & enlight5 ! consci5ce on sundry po9ts ( ,*ri/ian doctr9e & morals 7pp4 #ajc1 #ajd74 ,see also pp4 #dde1 #dej4 ,?is br+s x )9 ! ,vatican ,c\ncil's def9ition ( an infallible utt]ance4 ,b we are b\nd to be> 9 m9d t n only is ! infallible au?ority ( ?is manife/o aga9/ progress1 lib]alism1 & mod]n civilization disclaim$1 b ! mean+ ( x1 :i* seems unmi/akably cle>1 is disput$4 ,! syllabus1 says ,bi%op ,o',gorman1 is te*nical & legal 9 its language1 444 & ne$s to be int]pret$ to ! lay read] by ! ecclesia/ical lawy] 7p4 #dce74 ,a s]i\sly important desid]atum 9 !ological lit]ature is "s au?oritative canon ( ! infallible utt]ances ( ! ,roman see4 ,x is difficult to fix on any "o ( !m ! infallible au?ority ( :i* is n op5 to dispute )9 ! *ur* itself2 :ile ! liability ( !m to mis9t]pretation 7z 9 ! case ( ! ,quanta ,cura & ,syllabus7 br+s 9 /ill ano!r elem5t ( vagu5ess & unc]ta9ty4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,t5d5cies ,,t[>d ,a ,,manife/ation ,,( ,,! ,,unity ,,( ,,! ,,am]ican ,,*ur*4 ,! ?ree c5turies ( hi/ory :i* we h pass$ "u rapid review comprise a s]ies ( political ev5ts ( ! highe/ importance to mank9d4 ,we h se51 f our side-po9t ( view1 ! plant+1 along ! we/]n coa/ ( ! ,atlantic ,ocean1 )\t mutual conc]t or common direction1 ( _m indep5d5t g]ms ( civilization4 ,s _m ( ^! z surviv$ ! p]ils ( infancy we h se5 gr[+ to a lu/y y\?1 & becom+ drawn ea* to ea* by ties ( common int]e/ & mutual fell[%ip4 ,releas+ !mselves f colonial dep5d5ce on a transatlantic p[]1 we f9d ^! sev]al communities1 n[ gr[n to be ,/ates1 becom+ consci\s1 ?r\gh common p]ils1 victories1 & hopes1 ( national unity & life1 & orda9+ in/itutes ( national gov]nm5t b9d+ ^u all4 ,! /rong vitality ( ! new nation is prov$ by its assimilat+ to itself an imm5se mass ( immigrants f all p>ts ( ,europe1 & by exp&+ itself )\t ess5tial *ange ov] ! area ( a cont95t4 ,x triumphs aga9 & aga91 & at la/ 9 a /ruggle t %akes ! _w1 ov] passions & int]e/s t ?reat5 s*ism 9 ! body politic1 & gives good reason to its fri5ds to boa/ ! solid unity ( ! republic z ! /ronge/ exi/+ fact 9 ! political _w4 ,! v great aggr&izem5t ( ! nation has be5 an affair ( ! la/ sixty ye>s2 b already x has record$ itself ?r\gh\t ! va/ expanse ( ! cont95t 9 monum5ts ( ar*itecture & eng9e]+ wor?y ( ! national /r5g?4 ,! ecclesia/ical hi/ory :i* has be5 rec\nt$ 9 ?is volume1 cov]+ ! same t]ritory & ! same p]iod ( "t1 runs ) equal pace 9 _m respects p>allel ) ! political hi/ory1 b 9 "o important respect ) a wide div]g5ce4 ,z ) civilization s ) ,*ri/ianity3 ! g]ms ( x1 d]iv$ f diff]5t regions ( ,*ri/5dom1 7 plant$ )\t conc]t ( purpose1 & (t5 ) di/9ct cross-purposes1 9 diff]5t se$-plots along ! ,atlantic seabo>d4 ,v>y+ 9 polity1 9 =ms ( dogmatic /atem5t1 & ev5 9 language1 ! div]se gr[?s 7 made1 ?r\gh wond]s ( spiritual influ5ce & ?r\gh ext]nal /ress ( trial1 to feel _! unity 9 ! "o fai?4 ,! c\rse ( a common exp]i5ce t5d$ to e/abli% a pr$om9ant type ( religi\s life ! influ5ce ( :i* has be5 ev]y:]e felt1 ev5 :5 x has n be5 cons5t$ to4 ,! vital /r5g? ( ! ,am]ican *ur*1 z ( ! ,am]ican nation1 has be5 subject$ to ! te/ ( ! importation ( enorm\s masses ( m or less uncong5ial population1 & has %[n an amaz+ p[] ( dige/ion & assimilation4 ,its res\rces h be5 tax$ by ! provid5tial imposition ( burd5s ( duty & responsibility su*1 9 magnitude & weight1 z nev] s9ce ! e>ly prea*+ ( ! gospel h press$ ^u any s+le g5]ation ( ! *ur*4 ,)9 ! space ( a s+le lifetime1 at an exp5diture ( toil & treasure :i* x is idle to attempt to compute1 ! wide & desolate wild]ness1 z fa/ z civilization has invad$ x1 has be5 occupi$ by ! *ur* ) *ur*es1 s*ools1 colleges1 & sem9>ies ( !ology1 ) pa/ors1 evangeli/s1 & tea*]s1 &1 9 "o way or ano!r1 has be5 con/ra9$ to confess itself ,*ri/ian4 ,! cont95t :i* s %ort a "t ago _h be5 compassionately look$ ^u f across ! sea z mission>y gr\nd has become a pr9cipal base ( supplies1 & recruit+-gr\nd = m5 & wom51 = mission>y op]ations 9 anci5t l&s ( hea!nism & ( a decay$ ,*ri/ianity4 ,s mu* = ! p>allel4 ,! div]g5ce is n less impressive4 ,9 contra/ ) ! solid political unity into :i* ! v>i\s & incongru\s elem5ts h settl$ !mselves1 ! unity ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur* is manife/$ by on5ess nei!r ( jurisdiction nor ( conf$]ation1 nor ev5 by diplomatic recognition & correspond5ce4 ,out ( ! total population ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 am\nt+1 accord+ to ! c5sus ( #ahij1 to #fb1fbb1jjj s\ls1 ! #eg1jjj1jjj acc\nt$ z ,*ri/ians1 includ+ #bj1jjj1jjj communicant *ur*-memb]s1 are ga!r$ into #afe1big congregations1 assembl+ 9 #adb1jjj *ur* edifices conta9+ #dc1jjj1jjj sitt+s1 & valu$ 7toge!r ) o!r *ur* prop]ty7 at #fgj1jjj1jjj2 & are s]v$ 9 ! m9i/ry ( ! gospel by m ?an #aaa1jjj m9i/]s4#djj3a ,b ?is great =ce is divid$ among #adc mutually indep5d5t sects1 l>g] & small]4 ,among ^! sects is recogniz$ no controll+ & coo]d9at+ au?ority2 nei!r is !re any common lead]%ip2 nei!r is !re any sy/em ( mutual c\nsel & conc]t4 ,! mutual relations ( ! sects are sometimes ^? ( respect & good w1 sometimes ( %>p competition & jeal\sy1 sometimes ( eag] & consci5ti\s ho/ility4 ,all h "o & ! same unselfi% & religi\s aim--to honor ,god 9 s]v+ _! fell[-m52 & ea* "o1 9 hone/ly seek+ ?is supreme aim1 is affect$ by its corporate int]e/s1 sympa?ies1 & antipa?ies4 ,?is situation is too *>act]i/ic ( ,am]ica1 & too di/9ctly connect$ ) ! :ole c\rse ( ! antec$5t hi/ory1 n to be br\ght out ) emphasis 9 ?is conclud+ *apt]4 ,9 o!r l&s ! *ur* is ma9ta9$1 ?r\gh ! p[] ( ! civil gov]nm5t1 "u ! exclusive control ( a s+le organization1 9 :i* ! elem5t ( popul> influ5ce may be :olly want+1 or may be pres5t 7z 9 _m ( ! ,re=m$ polities7 9 no small measure4 ,9 o!rs yet1 ?r\gh gov]nm5t influ5ce & favor1 a /rong pr$om9ance is giv5 to "o organiz$ communion1 "u ! %ad[ ( :i* diss5ti5t m9orities are tol]at$ & protect$4 ,"u ! absolute fre$om & equality ( ! ,am]ican sy/em !re is n s mu* z a pr$om9ance ( any "o ( ! sects4 ,no "o ( !m is s /rong & num]\s b t x is outnumb]$ & outweigh$ by ! aggregate ( ! two next to x4 ,at pres5t1 9 consequ5ce ( ! ru% ( immigration1 ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* is l>gely 9 advance ( any s+le d5om9ation besides1 b is inf]ior 9 num]ical /r5g? & popul> influ5ce to ! ,me?odi/s & ,bapti/s comb9$--if !y 7 comb9$4 ,& !re is no d\bt t ?is comm9ution ( ! *ur* is frankly accept$1 = reasons assign$1 n only z an inevitable drawback to ! bless+s ( religi\s fre$om1 b z a good ?+ 9 itself4 ,a weighty s5t5ce ( ,james ,madison und\bt$ly expresses ! prevail+ s5tim5t among ,am]icans :o contemplate ! subject m]ely f ! political side3 ,9 a free gov]nm5t ! security = civil rights mu/ be ! same z t = religi\s rights4 ,x consi/s1 9 ! "o case1 9 ! multiplicity ( int]e/s1 &1 9 ! o!r1 9 ! multiplicity ( sects4 ,! degree ( security 9 bo? cases w dep5d on ! numb] ( int]e/s & sects4#djb3a ,& no /ud5t ( hi/ory c d5y t !re is mu* to ju/ify ! jeal\sy ) :i* ! lov]s ( civil lib]ty wat* ! climb+ ( any sect1 no matt] h[ purely spiritual its con/itution1 t[>d a position ( comm& 9 popul> influ5ce4 ,! influ5ce ( ! lead]s ( su* a sect may be no?+ m ?an ! legitimate & well-des]v$ influ5ce ( m5 ( sup]ior wisdom & virtue2 b :5 re9=c$ by ! weight ( (ficial religi\s "*1 & back$ by a majority1 or ev5 a =midable m9ority1 ( vot]s organiz$ 9 a religi\s communion1 ! feel+ is sure to ga9 gr\nd t su* p[] is too great to be tru/$ to ! h&s ev5 ( ! be/ ( m54 ,:atev] sect>ian advantage su* a body may a*ieve 9 ! /ate by prepond]ance ( numb] w be m ?an (fset by ! public suspicion & ! wat*ful jeal\sy ( rival sects2 & ! weak5+ ( x by division1 or ! subord9ation ( x by ! ov]gr[? ( a rival1 is sure to be reg>d$ ) g5]al complac5cy4 ,x is n altoge!r a pleas+ object ( contemplation--! citiz5 & ! /atesman look+ ) cont5tm5t on ! s*ism ( ! *ur* z av]t+ a dang] to ! /ate4 ,x is h>dly m gratify+ :5 we f9d m9i/]s ( ! *ur* !mselves accept+ ! condition ( s*ism z be+1 on ! :ole1 a v good condition = ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 if n1 inde$1 ! be/ possible4 ,x is q unres]v$ly argu$ t ! pr9ciple1 ,competition is ! life ( bus9ess1 is applicable to spiritual z well z secul> conc]ns2 & ! emulations reprobat$ by ! ,apo/le ,paul z works ( ! fle% are frankly appeal$ to = promot+ ! works ( ! _s4 ,?is debas+ ( ! motive ( *ur* "w is naturally att5d$ by a debasem5t ( ! means employ$4 ,! competitive *ur* resorts to /range bus9ess devices to secure its ne$$ rev5ue4 ,he t give? is induc$ to give1 n ) simplicity1 b ) a view to incid5tal advantages1 & a di/9ct und]/&+ is ma9ta9$ betwe5 ! "r h& & ! left4 ,! ext5t & v>iety ( ?is influ5ce on *ur* life 9 ,am]ica af=d no occasion = pride1 b ! m5tion ( !m c\ld n rightly be omitt$4 ,x rema9s = ! future to decide :e!r !y mu/ ne$s cont9ue z an inevitable att5dant on ! volunt>y sy/em4 ,sect>ian divisions t5d /rongly to p]petuate !mselves4 ,! />t+ ( s*ism is easy & quick2 ! heal+ ( x is a matt] ( long diplomatic negotiations4 ,9 a v %ort "t ! division ( ! *ur*1 ) its necess>y relations to prop]ty & to ! employm5t ( (ficials1 becomes a ve/$ int]e/4 ,provision = l>ge exp5diture unnecess>y1 or ev5 detrim5tal1 to ! g5]al int]e/s ( ! k+dom ( ,*ri/1 :i* _h be5 in/itut$ 9 ! fir/ place at heavy co/ to ! _m1 is n to be discont9u$ )\t m s]i\s loss to influ5tial individuals4 ,^? :o w\ld set !mselves ab\t ! heal+ ( a s*ism mu/ reckon ^u p]sonal & prop]ty int]e/s to be conciliat$4 ,?is lea/ amiable *>act]i/ic ( ! gr[? ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur* 9 ,am]ica is n )\t its comp5sations4 ,! v fact ( ! exi/5ce1 9 pres5ce ( "o ano!r1 ( ^! multitud9\s rival sects1 all equal be=e ! law1 t5ds 9 ! long run1 "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,holy ,_s ( peace1 to a l>ge & compreh5sive fell[%ip4#djd3a ,! widely preval5t acceptance ( exi/+ conditions z probably p]man5t1 ev5 if n q normal1 s(t5s ! mutual reproa*es ( rival p>ties4 ,! presumption is ( c\rse impli$1 if n ass]t$1 9 ! exi/5ce ( any ,*ri/ian sect1 t x is hold+ ! absolute "r & tru?1 or at lea/ m ne>ly t ?an o!r sects2 & ! inf]5ce1 to a religi\s m9d1 is t ! "r & true mu/1 9 ! long run1 prevail4 ,b x is only ) a high act ( fai?1 & n z a matt] ( reasonable probability1 t any sect 9 ,am]ica c v5ture to indulge itself 9 ! expectation ( a supremacy1 or ev5 a pr$om9ance1 9 ,am]ican ,*ri/5dom4 ,! /ronge/ 9 numb]s1 9 influ5ce1 9 pre/ige1 h[ev] tempt$ to ass]t = itself exclusive or sup]ior rights1 is compell$ to look ab\t itself & f9d itself ov]:elm+ly outnumb]$ & outdone by a divid$ communion--& yet a communion--( ^? :om ,*ri/ is n a%am$ to call 8 bre?r52 & j 9 proportion z x has ! _s ( ,*ri/1 x is con/ra9$ 9 its he>t to treat !m z bre?r5 & to feel t[>d !m z bre?r54 ,its prote/ aga9/ :at x reg>ds z _! errors & defects is n[ise weak5$ by ! mo/ unres]v$ manife/ations ( respect & good w z t[>d fell[-,*ri/ians4 ,?us x comes to pass t ! obs]vant travel] f o!r c\ntries1 seek+ ! di/9ctive traits ( ,am]ican social life1 notes a k9dli] feel+ betwe5 all d5om9ations1 ,roman ,ca?olics includ$1 a great] read9ess to "w toge!r = common *>itable aims1 ?an betwe5 ,ca?olics & ,prote/ants 9 ,france or ,g]many1 or betwe5 ,anglicans & noncon=mi/s 9 ,engl&4#dje3a 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re are _m indications1 9 ! rec5t hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican *ur*1 po9t+ =w>d t[>d "s high] manife/ation ( ! true unity ( ! *ur* ?an is to be f\nd 9 occasional1 or ev5 habitual1 expressions ( mutual good w pass+ to & fro among %>ply compet+ & (t5 antagoni/ sects4 ,in/ead ( easy-go+ & playful felicitations on ! multitude ( sects z contribut+ to ! total effectiv5ess ( ! *ur*1 su* z us$ to be common en\gh on anniv]s>y plat=ms1 we he>1 9 "o =m & ano!r1 ! ackn[l$gm5t t ! divid$ & subdivid$ /ate ( ,am]ican ,*ri/5dom is n "r1 b wrong4 ,^: is ! wrong ne$ n be decid$2 c]ta9ly x does n :olly belong to ! m5 ( ?is g5]ation or ( ?is c\ntry2 we are heirs ( ! s*isms ( o!r l&s & ages1 & h add$ to !m s*isms ( our own mak+4 ,! matt] beg9s to be tak5 sob]ly & s]i\sly4 ,! t5d] entreaty ( ! ,apo/le ,paul n to suff] ourselves to be split up into sects#dje3b beg9s to get a he>+ 9 ! consci5ce4 ,! nisus t[>d a m manife/ union among ,*ri/ian believ]s has long be5 gr[+ m & m di/9ctly visible1 & is at ! pres5t day "o ( ! mo/ conspicu\s signs ( ! times4 ,already 9 ! e>ly hi/ory we h obs]v$ a t5d5cy t[>d ! heal+1 9 ,am]ica1 ( diff]5ces import$ f ov] sea4 ,su* 0 ! comm+l+ ( ,sep>ati/ & ,puritan 9 ,new ,engl&2 ! tempor>y alliance ( ,congregationali/ & ,presbyt]ian to av]t ! imposition ( a /ate hi]>*y2 ! comb9ation ( ,quak] & ,roman ,ca?olic to defeat a project ( religi\s oppression 9 ,m>yl&2 ! draw+ toge!r ( ,lu!ran & ,re=m$ ,g]mans = common wor%ip1 "u ! sa9tly influ5ce ( ! ,moravian ,z9z5dorf2 & ! ,plan ( ,union by :i* ,new ,engl&] & ,scot*-,iri%man 7 to labor 9 common = ! evangelization ( ! new settlem5ts4#djf3a ,^! 7 sporadic in/ances ( a t5d5cy t 0 by & by to become happily epidemic4 ,a m important in/ance ( ! same t5d5cy 0 ! organization ( societies = *>itable "w :i* %\ld unite ! gifts & p]sonal labors ( ! ,*ri/ians ( ! :ole cont95t4 ,! *ief p]iod ( ^! organizations ext5d$ f #ahaj1 ! date ( ! beg9n+ ( ! ,am]ican ,bo>d ( ,commission]s = ,=eign ,missions1 to #ahbf1 :5 ! ,am]ican ,home ,mission>y ,society 0 f\nd$4#djf3b ,! ca?olic basis on :i* !y 7 e/abli%$ 0 dictat$ p>tly by ! consci\s weakness ( ! sev]al sects z !y drew ne> to und]tak+s =midable ev5 to _! unit$ =ces1 & p>tly by ! gl[ ( frat]nal affection1 & ! s5se ( a common spiritual life p]vad+ ! nation1 ) :i* ! *ur* _h come =? f ! f]vors ( ! second awak5+4#djf3c ,! societies1 repres5t+ ! common fai? & *>ity ( ! :ole *ur* z di/+ui%$ f ! peculi>ities ( ! sev]al sects1 drew to !mselves ! affection & devotion ( ,*ri/ian he>ts to a degree :i*1 to ^? :o highly valu$ ^! di/9ctions1 seem$ to endang] important int]e/s4 ,&1 inde$1 ! situation 0 anomal\s1 9 :i* ! sect>ian divisions ( ! ,*ri/ian p 7 repres5t$ 9 ! *ur*es1 & _! ca?olic unity 9 *>itable societies4 ,x w\ld h seem$ m ,paul9e1 n to say m ,*ri/ian1 to h _h volunt>y societies = ! sect>ian "w1 & kept ! *ur*es = ,*ri/ian communion4 ,x is no wond] t ,high-*ur* *ampions1 on "o side & ano!r1 soon began to %\t to _! adh]5ts1 ,to y\r t5ts1 ,o ,israel6 ,bi%op ,hob>t play$ n 9 va9 ^u 8 pa/oral pipe to :i/le back 8 %eep f /ray+ outside ( 8 p9fold1 exhort+ !m1 9 _! endeavors = ! g5]al advancem5t ( religion1 to use only ! in/rum5tality ( _! own *ur*4#djg3a ,& a jeal\sy ( ! gr[+ influ5ce ( a wide fell[%ip1 9 *>itable labors1 ) ,*ri/ians ( o!r names1 l$ to ! enunciation ( a l doctr9e by ,high-*ur* ,presbyt]ians1#djg3b & contribut$ to ! convulsive & passionate r5d+ ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 9 #ahcg1 into ne>ly equal fragm5ts4 ,s effective has be5 ! c5trifugal =ce t ( ! ext5sive sy/em ( societies :i* f ! ye> #ahaj onw>d fir/ organiz$ works ( national b5efic5ce by enli/+ ! cooep]ation ( all evangelical ,*ri/ians1 ! ,am]ican ,bible ,society alone cont9ues to repres5t any g5]al & important comb9ation f among ! diff]5t d5om9ations4 ,= all ! wan+ ( int]e/ 9 ! ca?olic basis societies1 ! sacr$ discont5t ( ! ,*ri/ian p ) sect>ian division cont9u$ to dem& expression4 ,h[ e>ly ! aspiration = an ecum5ical c\ncil ( evangelical ,*ri/5dom became articulate1 x may n be easy to discov]#djh3a ,9 ! ye> #ahdf ! aspiration 0 9 "s measure realiz$ 9 ! fir/ meet+ ( ! ,evangelical ,alliance at ,london4 ,no m mi/akes 7 made 9 ?is meet+ ?an p]haps 7 necess>ily incid5t to a fir/ exp]im5t 9 untri$ "w4 ,almo/ ( c\rse ! good p began ) ! "q1 ,:at good m5 %all we keep out8 = x is a curi\s fact1 9 ! long & int]e/+ hi/ory ( ef=ts aft] ,*ri/ian union1 t !y commonly take ! =m ( ef=ts s to comb9e _m ,*ri/ians z to exclude c]ta9 o!rs4 ,9 ?is in/ance1 beg9n+ ) ! plan ( includ+ none b ,prote/ant ,*ri/ians1 !y proce$$ at once to frame a plat=m t %\ld b> out t great numb] ( ! be/ & holie/ m5 9 ,engl& :o are f\nd among ! ,quak]s1 ?us mak+ up1 design$ly & ) _! eyes op51 a s*ismatic unity--a unity compos$ ( "o "p ( ,god's elect1 to ! exclusion ( ano!r2 & ?is 9 a gr& ef=t aft] ! v unity ( ! body ( ,*ri/4#dji3a ,b 9 spite ( ?is & o!r l mi/akes1 or r because ( !m 7= x is ?r\gh its mi/akes t ! *ur* is to le>n ! "r way71 ! e>ly & unsuccessful beg9n+s ( ! ,evangelical ,alliance m>k$ a /age 9 ! sl[ progress t[>d a manife/ation ( ! sons ( ,god by _! love t[>d ea* o!r & t[>d ! common ,"l4 ,x is 9 l>ge "p ! eag] appet5cy = "s manife/ation ( int]confessional fell[%ip t has ha/5$ ! acceptance ( su* organizations z ! ,"y ,m5's ,*ri/ian ,association & ! ,"y ,p's ,society ( ,*ri/ian ,endeavor2 j z1 on ! o!r h&1 x is ! consci5ti\s fe>1 on ! "p ( wat*ful gu>dians ( sect>ian int]e/s1 t habitual fell[%ip across ! b\nd>y l9es ( d5om9ations may weak5 ! allegiance to ! sect1 :i* has induc$ ! _m attempts at sub/itut+ associations con/itut$ on a n>r[] basis4 ,b ! =m ( organization :i* mo/ compreh5sively illu/rates ! unity ( ! *ur* is t ,*>ity ,organization :i* has gr[n to be a necessity to ! social life ( cities & consid]able t[ns1 furni%+ a c5tral (fice ( mutual correspond5ce & coo]d9ation to all *ur*es & societies & p]sons engag$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian "w ( reliev+ pov]ty & di/ress4 ,?is c5tral bureau ( *>itable cooep]ation is n ! less a c5t] ( ca?olic fell[%ip = ! fact t x does n %ut its door aga9/ societies n di/9ctively ,*ri/ian1 l ,masonic frat]nities1 nor ev5 aga9/ societies di/9ctively non-,*ri/ian1 l ,hebrew synagogues & societies ( e?ical culture4 ,we are com+ to discov] t ! ess5ce ( ,*ri/ian fell[%ip does n consi/ 9 keep+ p out4 ,nei!r1 s long z ! apo/olic rubric ( ,*ri/ian wor%ip#daj3a rema9s unalt]$1 is x to be d5i$ t ! fell[%ip ?us provid$ = is a fell[%ip 9 "o ( ! sacram5ts ( ,*ri/ian s]vice4 ,a notable advance 9 true ca?olicity ( communion is report$ f among ! *ur*es & scatt]$ missions 9 ,ma9e4 ,hi!rto1 9 ! v>i\s movem5ts ( ,*ri/ian union1 x 0 common to attempt to dis>m ! suspicions ( zeal\s sect>ians by urg5t disclaim]s ( any int5t or t5d5cy to infr+e on ! rights or int]e/s ( ! sev]al sects1 or impair _! claim to a p>am\nt allegiance f _! adh]5ts4 ,! ,*ri/ians ( ,ma9e1 fac+ tasks ( evangelization m ?an suffici5t to occupy all _! res\rces ev5 :5 well economiz$ & squ&]+ no?+ on ne$less divisions & competitions1 h atta9$ to ! high grace ( say+ t sect>ian int]e/s mu/ & %all be sacrific$ :5 ! p>am\nt int]e/s ( ! k+dom ( ,*ri/ require x4#daj3b ,:5 ?is atta9m5t is rea*$ by o!r s\ls1 & _m o!r1 ! conspicu\s %ame & sc&al ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity w beg9 to be abat$4 ,mean:ile ! signs ( a crav+ = l>g] fell[%ip cont9ue to be multipli$4 ,q indep5d5tly ( practical results a*iev$1 ! m]e fact ( ef=ts & exp]im5ts is a hopeful fact1 ev5 :5 ^! are made 9 directions 9 :i* ! pa/ exp]i5ce ( ! *ur* has writt5 up ,no ,?or\ghf>e4 ,i4 ,no "o ne$ "q ! s9c]ity or ! frat]nal _s ) :i* "s important d5om9ations h ea* propos$ ! reunit+ ( ,*ri/ians on ! simple condition t all o!rs %\ld accept ! di/9ctive t5et = :i* ea* ( ^! d5om9ations has cont5d$ aga9/ o!rs4 ,! pres5t pope1 hold+ ! p]sonal respect & confid5ce ( ! ,*ri/ian _w to a high] degree ?an any "o ( 8 pr$ecessors s9ce ! ,re=mation 7to "n no e>li] date71 has e>ne/ly bes\ght ! return ( all believ]s to a common fell[%ip by _! acceptance ( ! au?ority & supremacy ( ! ,roman see4 ,) equal cordiality ! bi%ops ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* h signifi$ _! long+ = re/or$ fell[%ip ) _! bre?r5 on ! acceptance by ^! ( prelatical episcopacy4 ,& ! ,bapti/s1 ^: con/ant read9ess at frat]nization 9 ev]y?+ else is emphasiz$ by _! consci5ti\s refra9+ f ! sacram5tal sign ( communion1 are n less e>ne/ 9 _! desire = ! unification ( ,*ri/5dom by ! g5]al acceptance ( t t5et conc]n+ baptism1 ! widespread rejection ( :i* deb>s !m1 reluctant1 f unre/rict$ fell[%ip ) ! g5]al company ( fai?ful m54 ,b :ile we welcome e su* manife/ation ( a long+ = union among ,*ri/ians1 & honor ! aspiration t x might be br\ght ab\t 9 "o or ano!r ( ^! ways1 9 =eca/+ ! probabilities ( ! case1 we recognize ! extreme unlikel9ess t ! v =mulas :i* = ages h be5 ! occasions ( mutual cont5tion & sep>ation %all become ! basis ( g5]al agreem5t & la/+ concord4 ,,ii4 ,ano!r indication ( ! crav+ = a l>g] fell[%ip is f\nd 9 ! ef=ts made = l>ge sect>ian c\ncils1 repres5t+ closely k9dr$ d5om9ations 9 m ?an "o c\ntry4 ,! impos+ ubiquity ( ! ,roman ,*ur*1 s impressively su/a9+ its claim to ! title ,ca?olic1 may h _h "s influ5ce to provoke o!r d5om9ations to %[ :at c\ld be done 9 emulation ( ?is sort ( greatness4 ,x 7 wis] n to invite comp>ison at ?is po9t4 ,no o!r ,*ri/ian organization1 or close fell[%ip ( organizations1 c approa* t :i* has its seat at ,rome1 9 ! _w-wid5ess ( its pres5ce1 or dem& ) s bold a *all5ge1 ,quae regio 9 t]ris non no/ri pl5a laboris8 ,! repres5tative assembly ( any o!r body ( ,*ri/ians1 h[ev] widely ramifi$1 mu/ seem insignificant :5 contra/$ ) ! real ecum5icity ( ! ,vatican ,c\ncil4 ,b x has n be5 useless = ! l>g] sects ( ,prote/antism to arrange _! int]national assemblies1 if x 7 = no?+ m ?an ?is1 t su* wid5+ ( ! circle ( practical fell[%ip may h ! effect to disclose to ea* sect a l>g] ,*ri/5dom outside to :i* _! fell[%ip mu/ soon] or lat] be made to rea*4 ,! fir/ ( ^! int]national sect>ian c\ncils 0 t commonly spok5 ( z ! ,pan-,anglican ,synod1 ( ,prote/ant ,episcopal bi%ops ga!r$ at ,lambe? by invitation ( ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury 9 #ahfg & ?rice s9ce4 ,! example 0 bett]$ by ! ,presbyt]ians1 :o 9 #ahgf organiz$ = p]man5ce _! ,pam-,presbyt]ian ,alliance1 or ,alliance ( ! ,re=m$ ,*ur*es ?r\gh\t ! _w hold+ ! ,presbyt]ian ,sy/em4 ,! fir/ ( ! tri5nial g5]al c\ncils ( ?is ,alliance 0 held at ,ed9burgh 9 #ahgg1 repres5t+ m ?an =ty-n9e sep>ate *ur*es scatt]$ ?r\gh tw5ty-five diff]5t c\ntries1 & consi/+ ( m ?an tw5ty ?\s& congregations4#dac3a ,! second c\ncil 0 held at ,philadelphia1 & ! ?ird at ,belfa/4 ,! idea 0 promptly seiz$ by ! ,me?odi/s4 ,at ! in/ance ( ! ,g5]al ,conf]5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 a ,pam-,me?odi/ ,c\ncil 0 held 9 ,london 9 #ahha1--! fir/ ,ecum5ical ,me?odi/ ,conf]5ce1--consi/+ ( f\r hundr$ delegates1 repres5t+ tw5ty-eight bran*es ( ,me?odism1 t5 9 ! ea/]n hemisph]e & eighte5 9 ! we/]n1 includ+ six millions ( communicants & ab\t tw5ty millions ( p4#dac3b ,t5 ye>s lat]1 9 #ahia1 a second ,me?odi/ ,ecum5ical ,conf]5ce 0 held at ,wa%+ton4 ,int]e/+ & useful z ?is int]national organization ( sects is capable ( be+ made1 x w\ld be a mi/ake to look ^u x z m>k+ a /age 9 ! progress t[>d a manife/ g5]al unity ( ! *ur*4 ,! t5d5cy ( x is1 on ! :ole1 9 ! opposite direction4 ,,iii4 ,if ! organization ( ecum5ical sects has little t5d5cy t[>d ! visible communion ( sa9ts 9 ! ,am]ican *ur*1 n mu* m is to be hop$ f measures = ! p>tial consolidation ( sects1 su* z are (t5 project$ & sometimes realiz$4 ,! heal+ ( ! great ?irty ye>s' s*ism ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 9 #ahfi1 0 s va/ a ga9 9 ecclesia/ical economy1 & 9 ! abatem5t ( a long-reek+ public sc&al & ( a multitude ( local frictions & irritations1 t none ne$ wond] at ! awak5+ ( ard5t desires t ! t5 ,presbyt]ian bodies /ill surviv+ might f9d room = all )9 "o fold#dac3c 9 a national or cont95tal ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*4 ,! sev5te5 ,me?odi/ bodies1 sep>at$ by no diff]5ces ( polity or ( doctr9e t seem important to anybody b !mselves1 if consolidat$ into "o1 w\ld con/itute a truly impos+ body1 numb]+ ne>ly five millions ( communicants & m ?an fifte5 millions ( p2 & if ?is %\ld absorb ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* 7an ev5t ! possibility ( :i* has (t5 be5 contemplat$ ) complac5cy71 ) its half-million ( communicants & its elem5ts ( influ5ce f> beyond ! proportion ( its numb]s1 ! result w\ld be an approximation to "s good m5's ideal ( a national *ur*1 ) its army ( m9i/]s coo]d9at$ by a college ( bi%ops1 & its plebs adunata sac]doti4 ,consultations are ev5 n[ 9 progress look+ t[>d ! clos] fell[%ip ( ! ,congregationali/s & ! ,disciples4 ,! easy & ela/ic t]ms ( int]nal association 9 ea* ( ^! d5om9ations make x ! less difficult to adju/ t]ms ( mutual cooep]ation & union4 ,suppose t ! v>i\s ,bapti/ organizations 7 to discov] t "u _! l congregational gov]nm5t !re 7 ways 9 :i*1 )\t compromis+ or weak5+ 9 ! slighte/ _! prote/ aga9/ practices :i* !y reprobate 9 ! matt] ( baptism1 !y c\ld1 = c]ta9 def9$ purposes1 ent] into ! same comb9ation1 ! result w\ld be a body ( ne>ly five millions ( communicants1 n ! less /rong = be+ lightly h>ness$ & = compreh5d+ wide div]sities ( op9ion & temp]am5t4 ,9 all ?is we h suppos$ to be realiz$ no?+ m ?an fri5ds ( ,*ri/ian union h at "o "t or ano!r urg$ z practicable & desirable4 ,by ^! few &1 x w\ld seem1 n incongru\s comb9ations !re w\ld be f\r p[]ful ecclesia/ical corporations1--"o ,ca?olic & ?ree ,prote/ant1--:i*1 out ( ! tw5ty millions ( *ur* communicants 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 w\ld include m ?an sev5te5 & "o half millions4#dae3a ,! pond]+ ( ^! possibilities is p]t95t to ?is clos+ *apt] on acc\nt ( ! fact t1 z we ne> ! end ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 "o ( ! mo/ di/9ctly visible t5d5cies is ! t5d5cy t[>d ! abatem5t ( sect>ian division 9 ! *ur*4 ,x is n = u simply to note ! conv]g+ l9es ( t5d5cy1 )\t "s attempt to compute ! po9t t[>d :i* !y conv]ge4 ,!re is grave reason to d\bt :e!r ?is l9e ( ! consolidation or conf$]ation ( sects1 foll[$ nev] s f>1 w\ld rea* ! desir$ result4 ,if ! "o hundr$ & =ty-?ree sects enum]at$ 9 ! elev5? c5sus ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates#dae3b %\ld by successful negotiation be r$uc$ to f\r1 di/+ui%$ ea* f ! o!rs by /rongly m>k$ div]sities ( organization & ( !ological /atem5t1 & unit$ to ea* o!r only by community ( ! "o fai? 9 ,jesus ,*ri/1 d\btless x w\ld involve "s important ga9s4 ,x w\ld make x possible to be rid ( ! friction & sometimes ! cla% ( mu* useless & exp5sive ma*9]y1 & to ext+ui% _m local s*isms t _h be5 eng5d]$ by ! zeal ( "s c5tral sect>ian propag&a4 ,w\ld x t5d to mitigate ! int5sity ( sect>ian competition1 or w\ld x t5d r to aggravate x8 ,is "o's pride 9 8 sect1 8 zeal = ! propagation ( x1 8 jeal\sy ( any influ5ce t t5ds to impair its greatness or h9d] its progress1 likely to be r$uc$1 or is x r likely to be exalt$1 by ! consci\sness t ! sect is a v great sect1 /&+ alone = important pr9ciples8 ,:atev] !re is at pres5t ( asp]ity 9 ! emul\s labors ( ! compet+ d5om9ations1 w\ld x n be manifold exasp]at$ if ! competition 7 re/rict$ to f\r great corporations or conf$]ations8 ,if ! inte/9e conflict ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ 9 ,am]ica %\ld ev5 be n>r[$ d[n 7z _m h dev\tly wi%$7 to two conte/ants1--! ,ca?olic ,*ur* ) its div]sity ( ord]s & rites1 on ! "o h&1 & ,prote/antism ) its v>i\s d5om9ations solidly conf$]at$1 on ! o!r1--%\ld we be ne>] to ! long$-= a*ievem5t ( ,*ri/ian union8 or %\ld we f9d sect>ian animosities !reby rais$ to ! highe/ p[]1 & ! *ur*1 discov]+ t x 0 on ! wrong track = ! desir$ t]m9us1 compell$ to rev]se & back 9 ord] to be swit*$ ^u ! "r "o8 ,que/ions l ^!1 put to be consid]$1 n to be answ]$1 raise 9 ! m9d ! misgiv+ t we h be5 seek+ 9 diplomatic negotiations betwe5 high contract+ p>ties t :i* diplomacy c d only a little t[>d accompli%+4 ,! great aim is to be s\ght 9 humbl] ways4 ,x is m hopeful to beg9 at ! l[] end4 ,n 9 great t[ns & c5t]s ( ecclesia/ical influ5ce1 b 9 villages & c\ntry di/ricts1 ! deadly effects ( comm9ut$ fracture 9 ! *ur* are mo/ deeply felt4 ,x is directly to ! p ( su* communities1 n ?r\gh ! m$ium ( p]sons or committees t repres5t national sect>ian int]e/s1 t ! new comm&m5t is to be prea*$1 :i* yet is no new comm&m5t1 b ! old comm&m5t :i* !y h _h f ! beg9n+4 ,x _c always be t s9c]e ,*ri/ian believ]s1 liv+ toge!r 9 a neighborhood 9 :i* ! ru9\s effects ( division are pla9 to e eye1 %all cont9ue to misappreh5d or disreg>d "s ( ! t5d]e/ & mo/ unmi/akable c\nsels ( _! ,"l & 8 apo/les1 or imag9e ! au?ority ( !m to be cancel$ by ! au?ority ( any sect or p>ty ( ,*ri/ians4 ,! d\ble fallacy1 fir/1 t x is a ,*ri/ian's prime duty to look out = 8 own s\l1 &1 secondly1 t ! s\l's be/ heal? is to be secur$ by seque/]+ x f contact ) diss5ti5t op9ions1 & indulg+ its ta/es & pref]5ces :]e9 !y diff] f ^? ( its neighbor1 mu/ sometime be f\nd out & expos$4 ,! discov]y w be made t !re is no?+ 9 ! mo/ *]i%$ s]mons & sacram5ts & pray]s t is comp>able 9 value1 z a means ( grace1 ) ! giv+ up ( all ^! = ,god's reign & righte\sness--t he :o w save 8 s\l %all lose x1 & he :o w lose 8 s\l = ,*ri/ & 8 gospel %all save x to life et]nal4 ,^! c5turies ( *ur* hi/ory1 beg9n+ ) convulsive disruptions ( ! *ur* 9 ,europe1 ) p]secutions & religi\s w>s1 pres5t be=e u ! importation into ! ,new ,_w ( ! religi\s divisions & subdivisions ( ! ,old1 & ! fur!r division ( ^! beyond any prec$5t 9 hi/ory4 ,x beg9s to look z if 9 ?is /range "w ,god _h be5 gr9d+ up mat]ial = a nobl] manife/ation ( ! unity ( 8 p4 ,! sky ( ! decl9+ c5tury is r$ ) promise4 ,hi!rto1 n ! decay ( religi\s e>ne/ness only1 b ! revival ( x1 has br\ght into ! *ur*1 n peace1 b division4 ,:5 next "s div9e brea?+ ( spiritual influ5ce %all be waft$ ov] ! l&1 c any man =bid ! hope t f village to village ! memb]s ( ! dis9tegrat$ & enfeebl$ *ur* ( ,*ri/ may be ga!r$ toge!r ) "o accord 9 "o place n = ! transi5t f]vors ( ! revival only1 b = p]man5t fell[%ip 9 "w & wor%ip8 ,a few examples ( ?is w\ld spread _! influ5ce ?r\gh ! ,am]ican *ur* until ! :ole 0 leav5$4 ,! record ( important ev5ts 9 ! annals ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity may well end ) t :olly unprec$5t$ ga!r+ at ,*icago 9 connection ) ! magnific5t celebration ( ! f\r hundr$? anniv]s>y ( ! discov]y ( ,am]ica by ,columbus--,i mean1 ( c\rse1 ! ,p>liam5t ( ,religions4 ,9 a l& :i* be>s among ! nations ! reproa* ( be+ :olly absorb$ 9 devotion to mat]ial int]e/s1 & 9 :i* ! *ur*1 unsupport$ & b>ely recogniz$ by ! /ate1 & unregulat$ by any secul> au?ority1 scatt]s itself into :at seem to be hopelessly discordant fragm5ts1 a bold ent]prise 0 und]tak5 9 ! "n ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity1 su* z ! *ur* 9 no o!r l& ( ,*ri/5dom w\ld h _h ! p[] or ! c\rage to v5ture on4 ,) l>ge hospitality1 repres5tatives ( all ! religions ( ! _w 7 invit$ to visit ,*icago1 free ( co/1 z gue/s ( ! ,p>liam5t4 ,= sev5te5 days ! ,*ri/ianity ( ,am]ica1 & ( ,*ri/5dom1 & ( ,*ri/ian missions 9 hea!n l&s1 sat confront$--no1 n confront$1 b side by side on ! same plat=m--) ! non-,*ri/ian religions repres5t$ by _! prie/s1 prelates1 & tea*]s4 ,( all ! div]sities ( ,*ri/ian op9ion & organization 9 ,am]ica no?+ important 0 unrepres5t$1 f ! au?oritative dogmatic sy/em & ! solid organization ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 7pres5t 9 ! p]son ( its highe/ (ficial dignit>ies7 to ! broade/ lib]alism & ! mo/ unre/ra9$ individualism4 ,!re 7 ^? :o /ood alo( & prophesi$ t no?+ c\ld come ( su* an assemblage b a hopeless jangle ( discordant op9ions4 ,! =ebod+s 7 disappo9t$4 ,! div]se op9ions 7 !re1 & 7 utt]$ ) entire unres]ve4 ,b ! jangle ( discord 0 n !re4 ,x 0 se5 & felt t ! ,am]ican *ur*1 9 ! pres5ce ( ! un*ri/ian & anti*ri/ian p[]s1 & 9 pres5ce ( ^? solemn que/ions ( ! ne$s ( humanity t ov]task ! +5uity & ! res\rces ( u all comb9$1 0 build$ z a city t is at unity ) itself4 ,t body :i*1 by its /r5g? ( organization1 & by ! b9d+ =ce ( its antec$5ts1 might h seem$ to "s mo/ hopelessly isolat$ f ! common sympa?ies ( ! assembly1 l all ! re/ 0 fai?ful 9 ! ass]tion ( its claims1 &1 on ! o!r h&1 0 surpass$ by none 9 ! manife/ation ( frat]nal respect t[>d fell[-,*ri/ians ( o!r folds4 ,s9ce ^? sev5te5 wond]ful ,septemb] days ( #ahic1 ! idea t has s long prevail$ ) multitudes ( m9ds1 t ! only ,*ri/ian union to be hop$ = 9 ,am]ica mu/ be a union to ! exclusion ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* & 9 antagonism to x1 ought to be reckon$ an idea obsolete & antiquat$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! !me prescrib$ = ?is volume gives no opportunity = su* a conclusion z ! lit]>y arti/ delights 9--a climax ( a*ievem5t & consummation1 or ! cata/rophe ( a decl9e & fall4 ,we h m>k$ ! sudd5 divulg+ to ! _w ( ! long-kept secret ( div9e ,provid5ce2 ! unveil+ ( ! hidd5 cont95t2 ! progress ( discov]y1 ( conque/1 ( colonization2 ! plant+ ( ! *ur*2 ! ru% ( immigration2 ! occupation ( ! cont95t ) ,*ri/ian in/itutions by a /range div]sity ( sects2 ! great provid5tial prep>ations z = "s div9e ev5t /ill hidd5 beh9d ! curta9 t is ab\t to rise on ! new c5tury1--& "h ! /ory breaks (f half told4 99 99 99 99 99 ,to s _m ( 8 read]s z %all h foll[$ him to ?is la/ page ( ! volume1 ! au?or w\ld speak a p>t+ ^w4 ,he does n deprecate ! criticisms t w c]ta9ly be pron\nc$ ^u 8 "w by ^? compet5t to judge bo? ( ! subject & ( ! /yle ( x4 ,he w\ld r ackn[l$ge !m 9 advance4 ,no "o ( 8 critics c possibly h s ke5 a s5se z ! au?or himself ( 8 incompet5cy1 & ( ! inadequacy ( 8 "w1 to ! greatness ( ! subject4 ,to "o reproa*1 h[ev]1 he _c ackn[l$ge himself ju/ly liable3 he is n self-appo9t$ to a task beyond 8 p[]s & atta9m5ts1 b has und]tak5 x at ! in/ance ( em95t m5 to ^: judgm5t he 0 b\nd to def]4 ,b he _c believe t ev5 8 %ortcom+s & failures w be :olly fruitless4 ,if !y %all provoke "s really compet5t s*ol> to make a book wor?y ( s great & inspir+ a !me1 ! pres5t au?or w be well cont5t4 ,,footnotes3 #djj3a ,^! /ati/ical figures are tak5 f ! au?oritative "w ( ,dr4 ,h4 ,k4 ,c>roll1 ,! ,religi\s ,=ces ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7,am]ican ,*ur* ,hi/ory ,s]ies1 vol4 i474 ,! volume gives no e/imate ( ! annual exp5diture = ! ma9t5ance ( religi\s in/itutions4 ,if we assume ! small figure ( #ejj z ! av]age annual exp5diture 9 connection ) ea* h\se ( wor%ip1 x makes an aggregate ( #hb1fdh1ejj = p>o*ial exp5ses4 ,! annual contributions to ,prote/ant =eign & home missions am\nt to #g1jjj1jjj4 7,see above1 pp4 #ceh1 #cei47 ,! am\nts annually contribut$ z free gifts = ,*ri/ian s*ools & colleges & hospitals & o!r *>itable objects c at pres5t be only conjectur$4 #djb3a ,! ,f$]ali/1 ,no4 #ea4 #djd3a ,?is habit ( respect+ "o ano!r's rights *]i%es a feel+ ( mutual respect & c\rtesy4 ,if on ! "o h& ! _s ( indep5d5ce fo/]s individualism1 on ! o!r x favors good fell[%ip4 ,all sects are equal be=e ! law4444 ,h5ce "o great cause ( jeal\sy & di/ru/ is remov$2 & ?\gh at times sect>ian zeal may lead to rivalries & controv]sies unfavorable to unity1 on ! o!r h& ! indep5d5ce & equality ( ! *ur*es favor _! volunt>y cooep]ation2 & 9 no c\ntry is ! practical union ( ,*ri/ians m beautifully or m b5eficially exemplifi$ ?an 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,) ! exception ( ! ,roman ,ca?olics1 ,*ri/ians ( all communions are accu/om$ to "w toge!r 9 ! _s ( mutual concession & confid5ce1 9 educational1 mission>y1 & philan?ropic measures = ! g5]al good4 ,! motto ( ! /ate holds ( ! *ur* also1 ,e pluribus unum4 ,z a rule1 a bigot$ *ur* or a fi]ce sect>ian is despis$ 7,dr4 ,j4 ,p4 ,?ompson1 9 ,*ur* & ,/ate 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 pp4 #ih1 #ii74 ,see1 to ! l purport1 ! judici\s rem>ks ( ,mr4 ,bryce1 ,am]ican ,commonweal?1 vol4 ii41 pp4 #efh1 #ffd4 #dje3a ,bryce1 ,am]ican ,commonweal?1 vol4 ii41 p4 #efh4 #dje3b #a ,cor4 i4 #aj4 #djf3a ,see above1 pp4 #fa1 #ie1 #aij1 #bjf1 #bbj1 #beh4 #djf3b ,see above1 pp4 #beb-bei4 #djf3c ,among ! ,new ,engl& ,congregationali/s ! zeal = union w5t s f> z to favor comb9ation ) o!r sects ev5 9 ! "w ( tra9+ c&idates = ! m9i/ry4 ,among ! honor>y vice-presid5ts ( _! ,am]ican ,education ,society 0 ,bi%op ,griswold1 ( ! ,ea/]n ,diocese ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*4 #djg3a ,s]mon at consecration ( ,bi%op ,h4 ,u4 ,ond]donk1 #ahbg4 #djg3b ,m9utes ( ! ,conv5tion ( ,delegates met to consult on ,missions 9 ! ,city ( ,c9c9nati1 ,a4,d4 #ahca4 ,! position ( ! bi%op 0 m logical ?an t ( ! conv5tion1 =asmu* z he held1 by a p[]ful ef=t ( fai?1 t 8 own *ur* is ! *ur* ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 an exclusive s5se2 :ile ! div9es at ,c9c9nati e>ne/ly repudiate su* exclusive pret5sions = _! *ur*1 & hold to a plurality ( sect>ian *ur*es on ! same t]ritory1 ea* "o ( :i* is div9ely inve/$ ) ! pr]ogatives & duties ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/4 ,a usus loqu5di :i* seems to be hopelessly imb$d$ 9 ! ,engli% language applies ! ^w *ur* to ea* "o ( ! sev]al sects into :i* ! *ur* is divid$4 ,x is ?is corruption ( language :i* leads to ! canonization ( s*ism z a div9e ord9ance4 #djh3a ,! fir/ proposal = su* an assembly seems to be conta9$ 9 an article by ,l4 ,bacon 9 ! ,new ,engl&] = ,april1 #ahdd4 ,:y might !re n be1 ere long1 "s g5]al conf]5ce 9 :i* ! v>i\s evangelical bodies ( ?is c\ntry & ,great ,brita9 & ( ! cont95t ( ,europe %\ld be 9 "s way repres5t$1 & 9 :i* ! great cause ( re=m$ & spiritual ,*ri/ianity ?r\gh\t ! _w %\ld be made ! subject ( detail$ & delib]ate consid]ation1 ) pray] & praise8 ,t w\ld be an 'ecum5ical c\ncil' su* z nev] yet assembl$ s9ce ! apo/les p>t$ f ea* o!r at ,j]usalem--a c\ncil n = legislation & division1 b = union & communion & = ! ext5sion ( ! sav+ k ( ,*ri/ 7pp4 #bec1 #bed74 #dji3a ,see ! pung5t /rictures ( ,horace ,bu%nell on ,! ,evangelical ,alliance1 9 ! ,new ,engl&] = ,janu>y1 #ahdg1 p4 #aji4 #daj3a ,james i4 #bg3 ,pure & unpollut$ wor%ip1 9 ! eye ( ,god1 consi/s 9 visit+ wid[s & orphans 9 _! tribulation1 & keep+ "o's self spotless f ! _w4 #daj3b ,an agreem5t has be5 made1 9 ?is ,/ate1 among five lead+ d5om9ations1 to avoid compet+ ent]prises 9 sp>sely settl$ communities4 ,an int]d5om9ational committee sees to ! c>ry+ out ( ?is policy4 ,at a rec5t mutual conf]5ce unanim\s satisfaction 0 express$ 9 ! six ye>s' op]ation ( ! plan4 #dac3a ,s*aff-,h]zog ,encyclop$ia1 vol4 i41 p4 #fc4 #dac3b ,buckley1 ,! ,me?odi/s1 p4 #eeb4 #dac3c ,?ompson1 ,! ,presbyt]ians1 p4 #cjh4 #dae3a ,if ! ,lu!rans ( ,am]ica 7 to be unit$ ) ! ,presbyt]ians1 x w\ld be no m ?an 0 accompli%$ f\rscore ye>s ago 9 ,prussia4 ,9 t case1 out ( #bj1fah1cjg communicants1 !re w\ld be includ$ 9 ! f\r comb9ations1 #ah1gfh1hei4 #dae3b ,dr4 ,c>roll1 ,religi\s ,=ces1 p4 xv4 ,,index4 ,abbot1 ,ezra1 #cgi4 ,abbot1 ,george1 ,ar*bi%op1 #db4 ,abbott1 ,lyman1 #chd4 ,abolitioni/s1 #hb1 #bhb1 #bhd4 ,adams1 ,*>les ,francis1 #aca4 ,adv5ti/s1 #ccf4 ,albany1 #fi4 ,albrights1 #bbi4 ,alex&]1 ,dr4 ,gross1 #cdh4 ,alex&] ,,vi41 pope1 #c1 #ag4 ,all51 ,pr(essor ,a4 ,v4 ,g41 #aef1 #aei1 #chb4 ,all51 ,pr(essor ,j4 ,h41 #bej4 ,alliance1 ,evangelical1 #djh4 ,am]ica3 provid5tial concealm5t (1 #a2 m$ieval *ur* 91 #b2 ,spani% conque/s & missions 91 #f-ae2 ,fr5* occupation & missions1 #af-bi2 ,engli% colonies 91 #ch-fg1 #hb-abf2 ,dut* & ,sw$es 91 #fh-ha2 *ur*es ( ,new ,engl&1 #hh2 ,quak] colonization1 #aji-aag2 o!r coloni/s1 #abj-abd2 div]se sects1 #abg-aci2 ,great ,awak5+1 #aeg-ahj2 ,presbyt]ians1 #ahf2 ,re=m$1 #ahg2 ,lu!ran1 #ahh2 ,moravian1 #ahi2 ,me?odi/1 #aih2 sev]ance ( colonies f ,engl& & ( *ur* f /ate1 #bba2 ,second ,awak5+1 #bcc2 organiz$ b5efic5ce1 #bdf2 conflicts ( ! 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pope1 #ceb1 #cif4 ,synod3 ,re=m+1 #aje2 ,presbyt]ian1 #acf2 disrupt$1 #afg2 excision (1 #big2 ( ,virg9ia1 #cdf4 ,talcott1 ,gov]nor1 #afh4 ,talmage1 ,?omas ,de ,witt1 #che4 ,taylor1 ,na?aniel ,w41 #bid1 #cge4 ,temp]ance3 ef=ts =1 #ge1 #bje1 #bjf2 ! ,re=mation1 #bhe-bia2 e>ly legislation1 #ge1 #bhh2 ,wa%+tonian movem5t1 #bhh2 ,prohibitionism1 #bij4 ,t5n5t1 ,gilb]t1 #adb1 #afb1 #afe1 #afg1 #afi4 ,t5n5t1 ,william1 #ada1 #afj4 ,t5n5t1 ,william1 ,jr41 #ahj4 ,?ay]1 ,eli1 #cda1 #cdb4 ,?ay]1 ,joseph ,h41 #cgi4 ,!ological in/ruction1 #ha1 #bag1 #bdi4 ,!ological sem9>ies1 #bdi1 #bea1 #beb4 ,!ology1 ,new ,engl&1 #aha1 #bdc1 #bid1 #cee4 ,!ology1 sy/ems (1 #cge1 #cgh4 ,?omas1 ,all5 ,c4 & ,ri*>d ,h41 #aad1 #aci1 #adc4 ,?omas1 ,john ,r41 #cic4 ,?ompson1 ,joseph ,p41 #djd4 ,?ompson1 ,rob]t ,ellis1 #abb1 #adg1 #agf1 #cdf1 #cid4 ,?omson1 ,william ,m41 #cgi4 ,?ornwell1 ,james ,h41 #cad1 note1 #cgh4 ,tiffany1 ,*>les ,c41 #fe1 #ga1 #abj1 #aca1 #acd1 #agc1 #bjg1 #baj1 #bac1 #bbd1 #bcb4 ,torkillus1 ,pa/or1 #gf4 ,tracy1 ,joseph1 #afb1 #afi1 #agb1 #agi4 ,trumbull1 ,h5ry ,clay1 #cfb1 #cgi4 ,tru/eeism1 #bae1 #caj4 ,tuttle1 ,daniel ,s41 #cce4 ,tyl]1 ,b4 ,b41 #bcf1 #bch1 #bdb4 ,union1 ,*ri/ian3 t5d5cies & attempts1 #ajg1 #aia1 #aid1 #bjf1 #bbj1 #cdi1 #dje1 #djf4 ,unit>ianism1 #bbd1 #bdi1 #chc4 ,unit$ ,bre?r51 #bbh4 ,unity1 real1 9 ! *ur*1 #age1 #cbd1 #cbe1 #ccd1 #dai2 manife/ation ( x yet future1 #cf1 #dag1 #dai4 ,univ]salism1 #bbe-bbh4 ,van ,twill]1 ,gov]nor1 #gj4 ,v]mont1 #ba4 ,v9c5t1 ,john ,h41 #cfc4 ,virg9ia1 #ch-ec1 #ee1 #agc4 ,virg9ia ,company1 #dj1 #dd1 #dh1 #ed4 ,volunt>y sy/em1 #bdd1 #bfa1 #cbh4 ,vose1 ,james ,g41 #ajg4 ,walk]1 ,willi/on1 #ajj1 #ajd1 #chf4 ,walloons1 #fi4 ,w>3 betwe5 ,france & ,engl&1 #ba1 #ahd2 ! ,sev5 ,ye>s'1 #bb1 #bd2 ,revolution>y1 #bjb1 #bji2 ! ,civil1 #cdh1 #cfe2 produces s*isms & heal+s1 #cec1 #cee4 ,w>d1 ,william ,hayes1 #cgi4 ,w>e1 ,h5ry1 #bdi1 #chc4 ,w>e1 ,h5ry1 ,jr41 #bea1 #bii1 #chc4 ,w>r51 ,george ,william1 #cic4 ,wa%+tonianism1 #bhh4 ,watts1 ,isaac1 #aeh1 #afh1 #ahb1 #chg1 #cia4 ,wayl&1 ,francis1 #chc4 ,wel% immigrants1 #aah4 ,wesley1 ,*>les1 #abd1 #abe4 ,wesley1 ,john1 #abd1 #aei1 #aih1 #bjj1 #bjb1 #bag1 #bhe4 ,we/m9/] ,league1 #cfi4 ,we/m9/] ,sabba? law1 #cga4 ,we/w>d progress ( *ur*1 #bai1 #cbg1 #ceh4 ,:eelock1 ,eleaz>1 #agi4 ,:itak]1 ,alex&]1 #dc1 #df1 #aej4 ,:ite1 ,fa!r1 #eg1 #ei4 ,:ite1 ,john1 #hi4 ,:ite1 ,bi%op ,william1 #baj1 #bab1 #bac4 ,:itefield1 ,george1 #abf1 #afc1 #afh1 #agc1 #age1 #agg4 ,wiggleswor?1 ,mi*ael1 #ajc4 ,william & ,m>y1 ,college (1 #eb4 ,williams1 ,rog]1 #ajj1 #ajf1 #aej4 ,williams ,college1 #bdh4 ,wilson1 ,h5ry1 #bgc1 #bgd1 #bha4 ,w9*e/]1 ,elhanan1 #bbf4 ,w+field1 ,gov]nor1 #ci4 ,w9?rop1 ,john1 #di1 #ih4 ,wise1 ,john1 #ajb4 ,wom5's ,c4 ,t4 ,union1 #cfg4 ,wom5's ,crusade1 #cff4 ,wom5's mission bo>ds1 #cfg4 ,woods1 ,leon>d1 #cgh4 ,woolman1 ,john1 #aej1 #bjc4 ,xim5es1 ,c>d9al1 #c4 ,yale ,college1 #bcj1 #bdc4 ,yeo1 ,john1 #fj4 ,"y ,m5's ,*ri/ian ,association1 #cdc1 #cfd1 #dji4 ,"y ,p's ,society ( ,*ri/ian ,endeavor1 #cfh1 #dji4 ,"y ,wom5's ,*ri/ian ,association1 #cff4 ,z9z5dorf1 #abd1 #ahi1 #aij1 #aib4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! 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