,,thus ,,spake ,,zarathustra ,a ,,book ,,for ,,all ,,and ,,none ,by ,friedrich ,nietzsche ,translated ,by ,thomas ,common ,,contents4 ,,introduction ,,by ,,mrs ,,forster-,,nietzsche4 ,,thus ,,spake ,,zarathustra4 ,,first ,,part4 ,zarathustra's ,prologue4 ,zarathustra's ,discourses4 ,i4 ,the ,three ,metamorphoses4 ,,ii4 ,the ,academic ,chairs of ,virtue4 ,,iii4 ,backworldsmen4 ,,iv4 ,the ,despisers of the ,body4 ,v4 ,joys and ,passions4 ,,vi4 ,the ,pale ,criminal4 ,,vii4 ,reading and ,writing4 ,,viii4 ,the ,tree on the ,hill4 ,,ix4 ,the ,preachers of ,death4 ,x4 ,war and ,warriors4 ,,xi4 ,the ,new ,idol4 ,,xii4 ,the ,flies in the ,market-place4 ,,xiii4 ,chastity4 ,,xiv4 ,the ,friend4 ,,xv4 ,the ,thousand and ,one ,goals4 ,,xvi4 ,neighbour-,love4 ,,xvii4 ,the ,way of the ,creating ,one4 ,,xviii4 ,old and ,young ,women4 ,,xix4 ,the ,bite of the ,adder4 ,,xx4 ,child and ,marriage4 ,,xxi4 ,voluntary ,death4 ,,xxii4 ,the ,bestowing ,virtue4 ,,second ,,part4 ,,xxiii4 ,the ,child with the ,mirror4 ,,xxiv4 ,in the ,happy ,isles4 ,,xxv4 ,the ,pitiful4 ,,xxvi4 ,the ,priests4 ,,xxvii4 ,the ,virtuous4 ,,xxviii4 ,the ,rabble4 ,,xxix4 ,the ,tarantulas4 ,,xxx4 ,the ,famous ,wise ,ones4 ,,xxxi4 ,the ,night-,song4 ,,xxxii4 ,the ,dance-,song4 ,,xxxiii4 ,the ,grave-,song4 ,,xxxiv4 ,self-,surpassing4 ,,xxxv4 ,the ,sublime ,ones4 ,,xxxvi4 ,the ,land of ,culture4 ,,xxxvii4 ,immaculate ,perception4 ,,xxxviii4 ,scholars4 ,,xxxix4 ,poets4 ,,xl4 ,great ,events4 ,,xli4 ,the ,soothsayer4 ,,xlii4 ,redemption4 ,,xliii4 ,manly ,prudence4 ,,xliv4 ,the ,stillest ,hour4 ,,third ,,part4 ,,xlv4 ,the ,wanderer4 ,,xlvi4 ,the ,vision and the ,enigma4 ,,xlvii4 ,involuntary ,bliss4 ,,xlviii4 ,before ,sunrise4 ,,xlix4 ,the ,bedwarfing ,virtue4 ,l4 ,on the ,olive-,mount4 ,,li4 ,on ,passing-by4 ,,lii4 ,the ,apostates4 ,,liii4 ,the ,return ,home4 ,,liv4 ,the ,three ,evil ,things4 ,,lv4 ,the ,spirit of ,gravity4 ,,lvi4 ,old and ,new ,tables4 ,,lvii4 ,the ,convalescent4 ,,lviii4 ,the ,great ,longing4 ,,lix4 ,the ,second ,dance-,song4 ,,lx4 ,the ,seven ,seals4 ,,fourth ,,and ,,last ,,part4 ,,lxi4 ,the ,honey ,sacrifice4 ,,lxii4 ,the ,cry of ,distress4 ,,lxiii4 ,talk with the ,kings4 ,,lxiv4 ,the ,leech4 ,,lxv4 ,the ,magician4 ,,lxvi4 ,out of ,service4 ,,lxvii4 ,the ,ugliest ,man4 ,,lxviii4 ,the ,voluntary ,beggar4 ,,lxix4 ,the ,shadow4 ,,lxx4 ,noon-,tide4 ,,lxxi4 ,the ,greeting4 ,,lxxii4 ,the ,supper4 ,,lxxiii4 ,the ,higher ,man4 ,,lxxiv4 ,the ,song of ,melancholy4 ,,lxxv4 ,science4 ,,lxxvi4 ,among ,daughters of the ,desert4 ,,lxxvii4 ,the ,awakening4 ,,lxxviii4 ,the ,ass-,festival4 ,,lxxix4 ,the ,drunken ,song4 ,,lxxx4 ,the ,sign4 ,,appendix4 ,notes on 8,thus ,spake ,zarathustra0 by ,anthony ,m4 ,ludovici4 ,,introduction ,,by ,,mrs ,,forster-,,nietzsche4 ,,how ,,zarathustra ,,came ,,into ,,being4 8,zarathustra0 is my brother's most personal work2 it is the history of his most individual experiences1 of his friendships1 ideals1 raptures1 bitterest disappointments and sorrows4 ,above it all1 however1 there soars1 transfiguring it1 the image of his greatest hopes and remotest aims4 ,my brother had the figure of ,zarathustra in his mind from his very earliest youth3 he once told me that even as a child he had dreamt of him4 ,at different periods in his life1 he would call this haunter of his dreams by different names2 8but in the end10 he declares in a note on the subject1 8,i had to do a ,,persian the honour of identifying him with this creature of my fancy4 ,persians were the first to take a broad and comprehensive view of history4 ,every series of evolutions1 according to them1 was presided over by a prophet2 and every prophet had his #8,hazar1'--his dynasty of a thousand years40 ,all ,zarathustra's views1 as also his personality1 were early conceptions of my brother's mind4 ,whoever reads his posthumously published writings for the years #ahfi-hb with care1 will constantly meet with passages suggestive of ,zarathustra's thoughts and doctrines4 ,for instance1 the ideal of the ,superman is put forth quite clearly in all his writings during the years #ahgc-ge2 and in 8,we ,philologists01 the following remarkable observations occur3-- 8,how can one praise and glorify a nation as a whole8--,even among the ,greeks1 it was the ,,individuals that counted40 8,the ,greeks are interesting and extremely important because they reared such a vast number of great individuals4 ,how was this possible8 ,the question is one which ought to be studied4 8,i am interested only in the relations of a people to the rearing of the individual man1 and among the ,greeks the conditions were unusually favourable for the development of the individual2 not by any means owing to the goodness of the people1 but because of the struggles of their evil instincts4 8,,with ,,the ,,help ,,of ,,favourable ,,measures ,,great ,,individuals ,,might ,,be ,,reared ,,who ,,would ,,be ,,both ,,different ,,from ,,and ,,higher ,,than ,,those ,,who ,,heretofore ,,have ,,owed ,,their ,,existence ,,to ,,mere ,,chance4 ,here we may still be hopeful3 in the rearing of exceptional men40 ,the notion of rearing the ,superman is only a new form of an ideal ,nietzsche already had in his youth1 that 8,,the ,,object ,,of ,,mankind ,,should ,,lie ,,in ,,its ,,highest ,,individuals0 7or1 as he writes in 8,schopenhauer as ,educator03 8,mankind ought constantly to be striving to produce great men--this and nothing else is its duty407 ,but the ideals he most revered in those days are no longer held to be the highest types of men4 ,no1 around this future ideal of a coming humanity--the ,superman--the poet spread the veil of becoming4 ,who can tell to what glorious heights man can still ascend8 ,that is why1 after having tested the worth of our noblest ideal--that of the ,saviour1 in the light of the new valuations1 the poet cries with passionate emphasis in 8,zarathustra03 8,never yet hath there been a ,superman4 ,naked have ,i seen both of them1 the greatest and the smallest man3-- ,all-too-similar are they still to each other4 ,verily even the greatest found ,i--all-too-human60-- ,the phrase 8the rearing of the ,superman10 has very often been misunderstood4 ,by the word 8rearing10 in this case1 is meant the act of modifying by means of new and higher values--values which1 as laws and guides of conduct and opinion1 are now to rule over mankind4 ,in general the doctrine of the ,superman can only be understood correctly in conjunction with other ideas of the author's1 such as3--the ,order of ,rank1 the ,will to ,power1 and the ,transvaluation of all ,values4 ,he assumes that ,christianity1 as a product of the resentment of the botched and the weak1 has put in ban all that is beautiful1 strong1 proud1 and powerful1 in fact all the qualities resulting from strength1 and that1 in consequence1 all forces which tend to promote or elevate life have been seriously undermined4 ,now1 however1 a new table of valuations must be placed over mankind--namely1 that of the strong1 mighty1 and magnificent man1 overflowing with life and elevated to his zenith--the ,superman1 who is now put before us with overpowering passion as the aim of our life1 hope1 and will4 ,and just as the old system of valuing1 which only extolled the qualities favourable to the weak1 the suffering1 and the oppressed1 has succeeded in producing a weak1 suffering1 and 8modern0 race1 so this new and reversed system of valuing ought to rear a healthy1 strong1 lively1 and courageous type1 which would be a glory to life itself4 ,stated briefly1 the leading principle of this new system of valuing would be3 8,all that proceeds from power is good1 all that springs from weakness is bad40 ,this type must not be regarded as a fanciful figure3 it is not a nebulous hope which is to be realised at some indefinitely remote period1 thousands of years hence2 nor is it a new species 7in the ,darwinian sense7 of which we can know nothing1 and which it would therefore be somewhat absurd to strive after4 ,but it is meant to be a possibility which men of the present could realise with all their spiritual and physical energies1 provided they adopted the new values4 ,the author of 8,zarathustra0 never lost sight of that egregious example of a transvaluation of all values through ,christianity1 whereby the whole of the deified mode of life and thought of the ,greeks1 as well as strong ,romedom1 was almost annihilated or transvalued in a comparatively short time4 ,could not a rejuvenated ,graeco-,roman system of valuing 7once it had been refined and made more profound by the schooling which two thousand years of ,christianity had provided7 effect another such revolution within a calculable period of time1 until that glorious type of manhood shall finally appear which is to be our new faith and hope1 and in the creation of which ,zarathustra exhorts us to participate8 ,in his private notes on the subject the author uses the expression 8,superman0 7always in the singular1 by-the-bye71 as signifying 8the most thoroughly well-constituted type10 as opposed to 8modern man02 above all1 however1 he designates ,zarathustra himself as an example of the ,superman4 ,in 8,ecco ,homo0 he is careful to enlighten us concerning the precursors and prerequisites to the advent of this highest type1 in referring to a certain passage in the 8,gay ,science03-- 8,in order to understand this type1 we must first be quite clear in regard to the leading physiological condition on which it depends3 this condition is what ,i call ,,great ,,healthiness4 ,i know not how to express my meaning more plainly or more personally than ,i have done already in one of the last chapters 7,aphorism #chb7 of the fifth book of the #8,gaya ,scienza'40 8,we1 the new1 the nameless1 the hard-to-understand10--it says there1--8we firstlings of a yet untried future--we require for a new end also a new means1 namely1 a new healthiness1 stronger1 sharper1 tougher1 bolder and merrier than all healthiness hitherto4 ,he whose soul longeth to experience the whole range of hitherto recognised values and desirabilities1 and to circumnavigate all the coasts of this ideal #8,mediterranean ,sea'1 who1 from the adventures of his most personal experience1 wants to know how it feels to be a conqueror1 and discoverer of the ideal--as likewise how it is with the artist1 the saint1 the legislator1 the sage1 the scholar1 the devotee1 the prophet1 and the godly non-conformist of the old style3--requires one thing above all for that purpose1 ,,great ,,healthiness--such healthiness as one not only possesses1 but also constantly acquires and must acquire1 because one unceasingly sacrifices it again1 and must sacrifice it6--,and now1 after having been long on the way in this fashion1 we ,argonauts of the ideal1 more courageous perhaps than prudent1 and often enough shipwrecked and brought to grief1 nevertheless dangerously healthy1 always healthy again1--it would seem as if1 in recompense for it all1 that we have a still undiscovered country before us1 the boundaries of which no one has yet seen1 a beyond to all countries and corners of the ideal known hitherto1 a world so over-rich in the beautiful1 the strange1 the questionable1 the frightful1 and the divine1 that our curiosity as well as our thirst for possession thereof1 have got out of hand--alas6 that nothing will now any longer satisfy us6-- 8,how could we still be content with ,,the ,,man ,,of ,,the ,,present ,,day after such outlooks1 and with such a craving in our conscience and consciousness8 ,sad enough2 but it is unavoidable that we should look on the worthiest aims and hopes of the man of the present-day with ill-concealed amusement1 and perhaps should no longer look at them4 ,another ideal runs on before us1 a strange1 tempting ideal full of danger1 to which we should not like to persuade any one1 because we do not so readily acknowledge any one's ,,right ,,thereto3 the ideal of a spirit who plays naively 7that is to say involuntarily and from overflowing abundance and power7 with everything that has hitherto been called holy1 good1 intangible1 or divine2 to whom the loftiest conception which the people have reasonably made their measure of value1 would already practically imply danger1 ruin1 abasement1 or at least relaxation1 blindness1 or temporary self-forgetfulness2 the ideal of a humanly superhuman welfare and benevolence1 which will often enough appear ,,inhuman1 for example1 when put alongside of all past seriousness on earth1 and alongside of all past solemnities in bearing1 word1 tone1 look1 morality1 and pursuit1 as their truest involuntary parody--and ,,with which1 nevertheless1 perhaps ,,the ,,great ,,seriousness only commences1 when the proper interrogative mark is set up1 the fate of the soul changes1 the hour-hand moves1 and tragedy begins4440 ,although the figure of ,zarathustra and a large number of the leading thoughts in this work had appeared much earlier in the dreams and writings of the author1 8,thus ,spake ,zarathustra0 did not actually come into being until the month of ,august #ahha in ,sils ,maria2 and it was the idea of the ,eternal ,recurrence of all things which finally induced my brother to set forth his new views in poetic language4 ,in regard to his first conception of this idea1 his autobiographical sketch1 8,ecce ,homo01 written in the autumn of #ahhh1 contains the following passage3-- 8,the fundamental idea of my work--namely1 the ,eternal ,recurrence of all things--this highest of all possible formulae of a ,yea-saying philosophy1 first occurred to me in ,august #ahha4 ,i made a note of the thought on a sheet of paper1 with the postscript3 #f1jjj feet beyond men and time6 ,that day ,i happened to be wandering through the woods alongside of the lake of ,silvaplana1 and ,i halted beside a huge1 pyramidal and towering rock not far from ,surlei4 ,it was then that the thought struck me4 ,looking back now1 ,i find that exactly two months previous to this inspiration1 ,i had had an omen of its coming in the form of a sudden and decisive alteration in my tastes--more particularly in music4 ,it would even be possible to consider all #8,zarathustra' as a musical composition4 ,at all events1 a very necessary condition in its production was a renaissance in myself of the art of hearing4 ,in a small mountain resort 7,recoaro7 near ,vicenza1 where ,i spent the spring of #ahha1 ,i and my friend and ,maestro1 ,peter ,gast--also one who had been born again--discovered that the phoenix music that hovered over us1 wore lighter and brighter plumes than it had done theretofore40 ,during the month of ,august #ahha my brother resolved to reveal the teaching of the ,eternal ,recurrence1 in dithyrambic and psalmodic form1 through the mouth of ,zarathustra4 ,among the notes of this period1 we found a page on which is written the first definite plan of 8,thus ,spake ,zarathustra03-- 8,,midday ,,and ,,eternity40 8,,guide-,,posts ,,to ,a ,,new ,,way ,,of ,,living40 ,beneath this is written3-- 8,zarathustra born on lake ,urmi2 left his home in his thirtieth year1 went into the province of ,aria1 and1 during ten years of solitude in the mountains1 composed the ,zend-,avesta40 8,the sun of knowledge stands once more at midday2 and the serpent of eternity lies coiled in its light--3 ,it is ,,your time1 ye midday brethren40 ,in that summer of #ahha1 my brother1 after many years of steadily declining health1 began at last to rally1 and it is to this first gush of the recovery of his once splendid bodily condition that we owe not only 8,the ,gay ,science01 which in its mood may be regarded as a prelude to 8,zarathustra01 but also 8,zarathustra0 itself4 ,just as he was beginning to recuperate his health1 however1 an unkind destiny brought him a number of most painful personal experiences4 ,his friends caused him many disappointments1 which were the more bitter to him1 inasmuch as he regarded friendship as such a sacred institution2 and for the first time in his life he realised the whole horror of that loneliness to which1 perhaps1 all greatness is condemned4 ,but to be forsaken is something very different from deliberately choosing blessed loneliness4 ,how he longed1 in those days1 for the ideal friend who would thoroughly understand him1 to whom he would be able to say all1 and whom he imagined he had found at various periods in his life from his earliest youth onwards4 ,now1 however1 that the way he had chosen grew ever more perilous and steep1 he found nobody who could follow him3 he therefore created a perfect friend for himself in the ideal form of a majestic philosopher1 and made this creation the preacher of his gospel to the world4 ,whether my brother would ever have written 8,thus ,spake ,zarathustra0 according to the first plan sketched in the summer of #ahha1 if he had not had the disappointments already referred to1 is now an idle question2 but perhaps where 8,zarathustra0 is concerned1 we may also say with ,master ,eckhardt3 8,the fleetest beast to bear you to perfection is suffering40 ,my brother writes as follows about the origin of the first part of 8,zarathustra03--8,in the winter of #ahhb-hc1 ,i was living on the charming little ,gulf of ,rapallo1 not far from ,genoa1 and between ,chiavari and ,cape ,porto ,fino4 ,my health was not very good2 the winter was cold and exceptionally rainy2 and the small inn in which ,i lived was so close to the water that at night my sleep would be disturbed if the sea were high4 ,these circumstances were surely the very reverse of favourable2 and yet in spite of it all1 and as if in demonstration of my belief that everything decisive comes to life in spite of every obstacle1 it was precisely during this winter and in the midst of these unfavourable circumstances that my #8,zarathustra' originated4 ,in the morning ,i used to start out in a southerly direction up the glorious road to ,zoagli1 which rises aloft through a forest of pines and gives one a view far out into the sea4 ,in the afternoon1 as often as my health permitted1 ,i walked round the whole bay from ,santa ,margherita to beyond ,porto ,fino4 ,this spot was all the more interesting to me1 inasmuch as it was so dearly loved by the ,emperor ,frederick ,,iii4 ,in the autumn of #ahhf ,i chanced to be there again when he was revisiting this small1 forgotten world of happiness for the last time4 ,it was on these two roads that all #8,zarathustra' came to me1 above all ,zarathustra himself as a type2--,i ought rather to say that it was on these walks that these ideas waylaid me40 ,the first part of 8,zarathustra0 was written in about ten days--that is to say1 from the beginning to about the middle of ,february #ahhc4 8,the last lines were written precisely in the hallowed hour when ,richard ,wagner gave up the ghost in ,venice40 ,with the exception of the ten days occupied in composing the first part of this book1 my brother often referred to this winter as the hardest and sickliest he had ever experienced4 ,he did not1 however1 mean thereby that his former disorders were troubling him1 but that he was suffering from a severe attack of influenza which he had caught in ,santa ,margherita1 and which tormented him for several weeks after his arrival in ,genoa4 ,as a matter of fact1 however1 what he complained of most was his spiritual condition--that indescribable forsakenness--to which he gives such heartrending expression in 8,zarathustra04 ,even the reception which the first part met with at the hands of friends and acquaintances was extremely disheartening3 for almost all those to whom he presented copies of the work misunderstood it4 8,i found no one ripe for many of my thoughts2 the case of #8,zarathustra' proves that one can speak with the utmost clearness1 and yet not be heard by any one40 ,my brother was very much discouraged by the feebleness of the response he was given1 and as he was striving just then to give up the practice of taking hydrate of chloral--a drug he had begun to take while ill with influenza1--the following spring1 spent in ,rome1 was a somewhat gloomy one for him4 ,he writes about it as follows3--8,i spent a melancholy spring in ,rome1 where ,i only just managed to live1--and this was no easy matter4 ,this city1 which is absolutely unsuited to the poet-author of #8,zarathustra'1 and for the choice of which ,i was not responsible1 made me inordinately miserable4 ,i tried to leave it4 ,i wanted to go to ,aquila--the opposite of ,rome in every respect1 and actually founded in a spirit of enmity towards that city 7just as ,i also shall found a city some day71 as a memento of an atheist and genuine enemy of the ,church--a person very closely related to me1--the great ,hohenstaufen1 the ,emperor ,frederick ,,ii4 ,but ,fate lay behind it all3 ,i had to return again to ,rome4 ,in the end ,i was obliged to be satisfied with the ,piazza ,barberini1 after ,i had exerted myself in vain to find an anti-,christian quarter4 ,i fear that on one occasion1 to avoid bad smells as much as possible1 ,i actually inquired at the ,palazzo del ,quirinale whether they could not provide a quiet room for a philosopher4 ,in a chamber high above the ,piazza just mentioned1 from which one obtained a general view of ,rome and could hear the fountains plashing far below1 the loneliest of all songs was composed--#8,the ,night-,song'4 ,about this time ,i was obsessed by an unspeakably sad melody1 the refrain of which ,i recognised in the words1 #8dead through immortality4'0 ,we remained somewhat too long in ,rome that spring1 and what with the effect of the increasing heat and the discouraging circumstances already described1 my brother resolved not to write any more1 or in any case1 not to proceed with 8,zarathustra01 although ,i offered to relieve him of all trouble in connection with the proofs and the publisher4 ,when1 however1 we returned to ,switzerland towards the end of ,june1 and he found himself once more in the familiar and exhilarating air of the mountains1 all his joyous creative powers revived1 and in a note to me announcing the dispatch of some manuscript1 he wrote as follows3 8,i have engaged a place here for three months3 forsooth1 ,i am the greatest fool to allow my courage to be sapped from me by the climate of ,italy4 ,now and again ,i am troubled by the thought3 ,,what ,,next8 ,my #8future' is the darkest thing in the world to me1 but as there still remains a great deal for me to do1 ,i suppose ,i ought rather to think of doing this than of my future1 and leave the rest to ,,thee and the gods40 ,the second part of 8,zarathustra0 was written between the #bfth of ,june and the #fth ,july4 8,this summer1 finding myself once more in the sacred place where the first thought of #8,zarathustra' flashed across my mind1 ,i conceived the second part4 ,ten days sufficed4 ,neither for the second1 the first1 nor the third part1 have ,i required a day longer40 ,he often used to speak of the ecstatic mood in which he wrote 8,zarathustra02 how in his walks over hill and dale the ideas would crowd into his mind1 and how he would note them down hastily in a note-book from which he would transcribe them on his return1 sometimes working till midnight4 ,he says in a letter to me3 8,you can have no idea of the vehemence of such composition10 and in 8,ecce ,homo0 7autumn #ahhh7 he describes as follows with passionate enthusiasm the incomparable mood in which he created ,zarathustra3-- 8--,has any one at the end of the nineteenth century any distinct notion of what poets of a stronger age understood by the word inspiration8 ,if not1 ,i will describe it4 ,if one had the smallest vestige of superstition in one1 it would hardly be possible to set aside completely the idea that one is the mere incarnation1 mouthpiece or medium of an almighty power4 ,the idea of revelation in the sense that something becomes suddenly visible and audible with indescribable certainty and accuracy1 which profoundly convulses and upsets one--describes simply the matter of fact4 ,one hears--one does not seek2 one takes--one does not ask who gives3 a thought suddenly flashes up like lightning1 it comes with necessity1 unhesitatingly--,i have never had any choice in the matter4 ,there is an ecstasy such that the immense strain of it is sometimes relaxed by a flood of tears1 along with which one's steps either rush or involuntarily lag1 alternately4 ,there is the feeling that one is completely out of hand1 with the very distinct consciousness of an endless number of fine thrills and quiverings to the very toes2--there is a depth of happiness in which the painfullest and gloomiest do not operate as antitheses1 but as conditioned1 as demanded in the sense of necessary shades of colour in such an overflow of light4 ,there is an instinct for rhythmic relations which embraces wide areas of forms 7length1 the need of a wide-embracing rhythm1 is almost the measure of the force of an inspiration1 a sort of counterpart to its pressure and tension74 ,everything happens quite involuntarily1 as if in a tempestuous outburst of freedom1 of absoluteness1 of power and divinity4 ,the involuntariness of the figures and similes is the most remarkable thing2 one loses all perception of what constitutes the figure and what constitutes the simile2 everything seems to present itself as the readiest1 the correctest and the simplest means of expression4 ,it actually seems1 to use one of ,zarathustra's own phrases1 as if all things came unto one1 and would fain be similes3 #8,here do all things come caressingly to thy talk and flatter thee1 for they want to ride upon thy back4 ,on every simile dost thou here ride to every truth4 ,here fly open unto thee all being's words and word-cabinets2 here all being wanteth to become words1 here all becoming wanteth to learn of thee how to talk4' ,this is ,,my experience of inspiration4 ,i do not doubt but that one would have to go back thousands of years in order to find some one who could say to me3 ,it is mine also6--0 ,in the autumn of #ahhc my brother left the ,engadine for ,germany and stayed there a few weeks4 ,in the following winter1 after wandering somewhat erratically through ,stresa1 ,genoa1 and ,spezia1 he landed in ,nice1 where the climate so happily promoted his creative powers that he wrote the third part of 8,zarathustra04 8,in the winter1 beneath the halcyon sky of ,nice1 which then looked down upon me for the first time in my life1 ,i found the third #8,zarathustra'--and came to the end of my task2 the whole having occupied me scarcely a year4 ,many hidden corners and heights in the landscapes round about ,nice are hallowed to me by unforgettable moments4 ,that decisive chapter entitled #8,old and ,new ,tables' was composed in the very difficult ascent from the station to ,eza--that wonderful ,moorish village in the rocks4 ,my most creative moments were always accompanied by unusual muscular activity4 ,the body is inspired3 let us waive the question of the #8soul4' ,i might often have been seen dancing in those days4 ,without a suggestion of fatigue ,i could then walk for seven or eight hours on end among the hills4 ,i slept well and laughed well--,i was perfectly robust and patient40 ,as we have seen1 each of the three parts of 8,zarathustra0 was written1 after a more or less short period of preparation1 in about ten days4 ,the composition of the fourth part alone was broken by occasional interruptions4 ,the first notes relating to this part were written while he and ,i were staying together in ,zurich in ,september #ahhd4 ,in the following ,november1 while staying at ,mentone1 he began to elaborate these notes1 and after a long pause1 finished the manuscript at ,nice between the end of ,january and the middle of ,february #ahhe4 ,my brother then called this part the fourth and last2 but even before1 and shortly after it had been privately printed1 he wrote to me saying that he still intended writing a fifth and sixth part1 and notes relating to these parts are now in my possession4 ,this fourth part 7the original ,,ms4 of which contains this note3 8,only for my friends1 not for the public07 is written in a particularly personal spirit1 and those few to whom he presented a copy of it1 he pledged to the strictest secrecy concerning its contents4 ,he often thought of making this fourth part public also1 but doubted whether he would ever be able to do so without considerably altering certain portions of it4 ,at all events he resolved to distribute this manuscript production1 of which only forty copies were printed1 only among those who had proved themselves worthy of it1 and it speaks eloquently of his utter loneliness and need of sympathy in those days1 that he had occasion to present only seven copies of his book according to this resolution4 ,already at the beginning of this history ,i hinted at the reasons which led my brother to select a ,persian as the incarnation of his ideal of the majestic philosopher4 ,his reasons1 however1 for choosing ,zarathustra of all others to be his mouthpiece1 he gives us in the following words3--8,people have never asked me1 as they should have done1 what the name ,zarathustra precisely means in my mouth1 in the mouth of the first ,immoralist2 for what distinguishes that philosopher from all others in the past is the very fact that he was exactly the reverse of an immoralist4 ,zarathustra was the first to see in the struggle between good and evil the essential wheel in the working of things4 ,the translation of morality into the metaphysical1 as force1 cause1 end in itself1 was ,,his work4 ,but the very question suggests its own answer4 ,zarathustra ,,created the most portentous error1 ,,morality1 consequently he should also be the first to ,,perceive that error1 not only because he has had longer and greater experience of the subject than any other thinker--all history is the experimental refutation of the theory of the so-called moral order of things3--the more important point is that ,zarathustra was more truthful than any other thinker4 ,in his teaching alone do we meet with truthfulness upheld as the highest virtue--i4e43 the reverse of the ,,cowardice of the #8idealist' who flees from reality4 ,zarathustra had more courage in his body than any other thinker before or after him4 ,to tell the truth and ,,to ,,aim ,,straight3 that is the first ,persian virtue4 ,am ,i understood8444 ,the overcoming of morality through itself--through truthfulness1 the overcoming of the moralist through his opposite--,,through ,,me--3 that is what the name ,zarathustra means in my mouth40 ,,elizabeth ,,forster-,,nietzsche4 ,nietzsche ,archives1 ,weimar1 ,december #aije4 ,,thus ,,spake ,,zarathustra4 ,,first ,,part4 ,,zarathustra',s ,,discourses4 ,,zarathustra',s ,,prologue4 #a4 ,when ,zarathustra was thirty years old1 he left his home and the lake of his home1 and went into the mountains4 ,there he enjoyed his spirit and solitude1 and for ten years did not weary of it4 ,but at last his heart changed1--and rising one morning with the rosy dawn1 he went before the sun1 and spake thus unto it3 ,thou great star6 ,what would be thy happiness if thou hadst not those for whom thou shinest6 ,for ten years hast thou climbed hither unto my cave3 thou wouldst have wearied of thy light and of the journey1 had it not been for me1 mine eagle1 and my serpent4 ,but we awaited thee every morning1 took from thee thine overflow and blessed thee for it4 ,lo6 ,i am weary of my wisdom1 like the bee that hath gathered too much honey2 ,i need hands outstretched to take it4 ,i would fain bestow and distribute1 until the wise have once more become joyous in their folly1 and the poor happy in their riches4 ,therefore must ,i descend into the deep3 as thou doest in the evening1 when thou goest behind the sea1 and givest light also to the nether-world1 thou exuberant star6 ,like thee must ,i ,,go ,,down1 as men say1 to whom ,i shall descend4 ,bless me1 then1 thou tranquil eye1 that canst behold even the greatest happiness without envy6 ,bless the cup that is about to overflow1 that the water may flow golden out of it1 and carry everywhere the reflection of thy bliss6 ,lo6 ,this cup is again going to empty itself1 and ,zarathustra is again going to be a man4 ,thus began ,zarathustra's down-going4 #b4 ,zarathustra went down the mountain alone1 no one meeting him4 ,when he entered the forest1 however1 there suddenly stood before him an old man1 who had left his holy cot to seek roots4 ,and thus spake the old man to ,zarathustra3 8,no stranger to me is this wanderer3 many years ago passed he by4 ,zarathustra he was called2 but he hath altered4 ,then thou carriedst thine ashes into the mountains3 wilt thou now carry thy fire into the valleys8 ,fearest thou not the incendiary's doom8 ,yea1 ,i recognise ,zarathustra4 ,pure is his eye1 and no loathing lurketh about his mouth4 ,goeth he not along like a dancer8 ,altered is ,zarathustra2 a child hath ,zarathustra become2 an awakened one is ,zarathustra3 what wilt thou do in the land of the sleepers8 ,as in the sea hast thou lived in solitude1 and it hath borne thee up4 ,alas1 wilt thou now go ashore8 ,alas1 wilt thou again drag thy body thyself80 ,zarathustra answered3 8,i love mankind40 8,why10 said the saint1 8did ,i go into the forest and the desert8 ,was it not because ,i loved men far too well8 ,now ,i love ,god3 men1 ,i do not love4 ,man is a thing too imperfect for me4 ,love to man would be fatal to me40 ,zarathustra answered3 8,what spake ,i of love6 ,i am bringing gifts unto men40 8,give them nothing10 said the saint4 8,take rather part of their load1 and carry it along with them--that will be most agreeable unto them3 if only it be agreeable unto thee6 ,if1 however1 thou wilt give unto them1 give them no more than an alms1 and let them also beg for it60 8,no10 replied ,zarathustra1 8,i give no alms4 ,i am not poor enough for that40 ,the saint laughed at ,zarathustra1 and spake thus3 8,then see to it that they accept thy treasures6 ,they are distrustful of anchorites1 and do not believe that we come with gifts4 ,the fall of our footsteps ringeth too hollow through their streets4 ,and just as at night1 when they are in bed and hear a man abroad long before sunrise1 so they ask themselves concerning us3 ,where goeth the thief8 ,go not to men1 but stay in the forest6 ,go rather to the animals6 ,why not be like me--a bear amongst bears1 a bird amongst birds80 8,and what doeth the saint in the forest80 asked ,zarathustra4 ,the saint answered3 8,i make hymns and sing them2 and in making hymns ,i laugh and weep and mumble3 thus do ,i praise ,god4 ,with singing1 weeping1 laughing1 and mumbling do ,i praise the ,god who is my ,god4 ,but what dost thou bring us as a gift80 ,when ,zarathustra had heard these words1 he bowed to the saint and said3 8,what should ,i have to give thee6 ,let me rather hurry hence lest ,i take aught away from thee60--,and thus they parted from one another1 the old man and ,zarathustra1 laughing like schoolboys4 ,when ,zarathustra was alone1 however1 he said to his heart3 8,could it be possible6 ,this old saint in the forest hath not yet heard of it1 that ,,god ,,is ,,dead60 #c4 ,when ,zarathustra arrived at the nearest town which adjoineth the forest1 he found many people assembled in the market-place2 for it had been announced that a rope-dancer would give a performance4 ,and ,zarathustra spake thus unto the people3 ,i ,,teach ,,you ,,the ,,superman4 ,man is something that is to be surpassed4 ,what have ye done to surpass man8 ,all beings hitherto have created something beyond themselves3 and ye want to be the ebb of that great tide1 and would rather go back to the beast than surpass man8 ,what is the ape to man8 ,a laughing-stock1 a thing of shame4 ,and just the same shall man be to the ,superman3 a laughing-stock1 a thing of shame4 ,ye have made your way from the worm to man1 and much within you is still worm4 ,once were ye apes1 and even yet man is more of an ape than any of the apes4 ,even the wisest among you is only a disharmony and hybrid of plant and phantom4 ,but do ,i bid you become phantoms or plants8 ,lo1 ,i teach you the ,superman6 ,the ,superman is the meaning of the earth4 ,let your will say3 ,the ,superman ,,shall ,,be the meaning of the earth6 ,i conjure you1 my brethren1 ,,remain ,,true ,,to ,,the ,,earth1 and believe not those who speak unto you of superearthly hopes6 ,poisoners are they1 whether they know it or not4 ,despisers of life are they1 decaying ones and poisoned ones themselves1 of whom the earth is weary3 so away with them6 ,once blasphemy against ,god was the greatest blasphemy2 but ,god died1 and therewith also those blasphemers4 ,to blaspheme the earth is now the dreadfulest sin1 and to rate the heart of the unknowable higher than the meaning of the earth6 ,once the soul looked contemptuously on the body1 and then that contempt was the supreme thing3--the soul wished the body meagre1 ghastly1 and famished4 ,thus it thought to escape from the body and the earth4 ,oh1 that soul was itself meagre1 ghastly1 and famished2 and cruelty was the delight of that soul6 ,but ye1 also1 my brethren1 tell me3 ,what doth your body say about your soul8 ,is your soul not poverty and pollution and wretched self-complacency8 ,verily1 a polluted stream is man4 ,one must be a sea1 to receive a polluted stream without becoming impure4 ,lo1 ,i teach you the ,superman3 he is that sea2 in him can your great contempt be submerged4 ,what is the greatest thing ye can experience8 ,it is the hour of great contempt4 ,the hour in which even your happiness becometh loathsome unto you1 and so also your reason and virtue4 ,the hour when ye say3 8,what good is my happiness6 ,it is poverty and pollution and wretched self-complacency4 ,but my happiness should justify existence itself60 ,the hour when ye say3 8,what good is my reason6 ,doth it long for knowledge as the lion for his food8 ,it is poverty and pollution and wretched self-complacency60 ,the hour when ye say3 8,what good is my virtue6 ,as yet it hath not made me passionate4 ,how weary ,i am of my good and my bad6 ,it is all poverty and pollution and wretched self-complacency60 ,the hour when ye say3 8,what good is my justice6 ,i do not see that ,i am fervour and fuel4 ,the just1 however1 are fervour and fuel60 ,the hour when ye say3 8,what good is my pity6 ,is not pity the cross on which he is nailed who loveth man8 ,but my pity is not a crucifixion40 ,have ye ever spoken thus8 ,have ye ever cried thus8 ,ah6 would that ,i had heard you crying thus6 ,it is not your sin--it is your self-satisfaction that crieth unto heaven2 your very sparingness in sin crieth unto heaven6 ,where is the lightning to lick you with its tongue8 ,where is the frenzy with which ye should be inoculated8 ,lo1 ,i teach you the ,superman3 he is that lightning1 he is that frenzy6-- ,when ,zarathustra had thus spoken1 one of the people called out3 8,we have now heard enough of the rope-dancer2 it is time now for us to see him60 ,and all the people laughed at ,zarathustra4 ,but the rope-dancer1 who thought the words applied to him1 began his performance4 #d4 ,zarathustra1 however1 looked at the people and wondered4 ,then he spake thus3 ,man is a rope stretched between the animal and the ,superman--a rope over an abyss4 ,a dangerous crossing1 a dangerous wayfaring1 a dangerous looking-back1 a dangerous trembling and halting4 ,what is great in man is that he is a bridge and not a goal3 what is lovable in man is that he is an ,,over-,,going and a ,,down-,,going4 ,i love those that know not how to live except as down-goers1 for they are the over-goers4 ,i love the great despisers1 because they are the great adorers1 and arrows of longing for the other shore4 ,i love those who do not first seek a reason beyond the stars for going down and being sacrifices1 but sacrifice themselves to the earth1 that the earth of the ,superman may hereafter arrive4 ,i love him who liveth in order to know1 and seeketh to know in order that the ,superman may hereafter live4 ,thus seeketh he his own down-going4 ,i love him who laboureth and inventeth1 that he may build the house for the ,superman1 and prepare for him earth1 animal1 and plant3 for thus seeketh he his own down-going4 ,i love him who loveth his virtue3 for virtue is the will to down-going1 and an arrow of longing4 ,i love him who reserveth no share of spirit for himself1 but wanteth to be wholly the spirit of his virtue3 thus walketh he as spirit over the bridge4 ,i love him who maketh his virtue his inclination and destiny3 thus1 for the sake of his virtue1 he is willing to live on1 or live no more4 ,i love him who desireth not too many virtues4 ,one virtue is more of a virtue than two1 because it is more of a knot for one's destiny to cling to4 ,i love him whose soul is lavish1 who wanteth no thanks and doth not give back3 for he always bestoweth1 and desireth not to keep for himself4 ,i love him who is ashamed when the dice fall in his favour1 and who then asketh3 8,am ,i a dishonest player80--for he is willing to succumb4 ,i love him who scattereth golden words in advance of his deeds1 and always doeth more than he promiseth3 for he seeketh his own down-going4 ,i love him who justifieth the future ones1 and redeemeth the past ones3 for he is willing to succumb through the present ones4 ,i love him who chasteneth his ,god1 because he loveth his ,god3 for he must succumb through the wrath of his ,god4 ,i love him whose soul is deep even in the wounding1 and may succumb through a small matter3 thus goeth he willingly over the bridge4 ,i love him whose soul is so overfull that he forgetteth himself1 and all things are in him3 thus all things become his down-going4 ,i love him who is of a free spirit and a free heart3 thus is his head only the bowels of his heart2 his heart1 however1 causeth his down-going4 ,i love all who are like heavy drops falling one by one out of the dark cloud that lowereth over man3 they herald the coming of the lightning1 and succumb as heralds4 ,lo1 ,i am a herald of the lightning1 and a heavy drop out of the cloud3 the lightning1 however1 is the ,,superman4-- #e4 ,when ,zarathustra had spoken these words1 he again looked at the people1 and was silent4 8,there they stand10 said he to his heart2 8there they laugh3 they understand me not2 ,i am not the mouth for these ears4 ,must one first batter their ears1 that they may learn to hear with their eyes8 ,must one clatter like kettledrums and penitential preachers8 ,or do they only believe the stammerer8 ,they have something whereof they are proud4 ,what do they call it1 that which maketh them proud8 ,culture1 they call it2 it distinguisheth them from the goatherds4 ,they dislike1 therefore1 to hear of #8contempt' of themselves4 ,so ,i will appeal to their pride4 ,i will speak unto them of the most contemptible thing3 that1 however1 is ,,the ,,last ,,man60 ,and thus spake ,zarathustra unto the people3 ,it is time for man to fix his goal4 ,it is time for man to plant the germ of his highest hope4 ,still is his soil rich enough for it4 ,but that soil will one day be poor and exhausted1 and no lofty tree will any longer be able to grow thereon4 ,alas6 there cometh the time when man will no longer launch the arrow of his longing beyond man--and the string of his bow will have unlearned to whizz6 ,i tell you3 one must still have chaos in one1 to give birth to a dancing star4 ,i tell you3 ye have still chaos in you4 ,alas6 ,there cometh the time when man will no longer give birth to any star4 ,alas6 ,there cometh the time of the most despicable man1 who can no longer despise himself4 ,lo6 ,i show you ,,the ,,last ,,man4 8,what is love8 ,what is creation8 ,what is longing8 ,what is a star80--so asketh the last man and blinketh4 ,the earth hath then become small1 and on it there hoppeth the last man who maketh everything small4 ,his species is ineradicable like that of the ground-flea2 the last man liveth longest4 8,we have discovered happiness0--say the last men1 and blink thereby4 ,they have left the regions where it is hard to live2 for they need warmth4 ,one still loveth one's neighbour and rubbeth against him2 for one needeth warmth4 ,turning ill and being distrustful1 they consider sinful3 they walk warily4 ,he is a fool who still stumbleth over stones or men6 ,a little poison now and then3 that maketh pleasant dreams4 ,and much poison at last for a pleasant death4 ,one still worketh1 for work is a pastime4 ,but one is careful lest the pastime should hurt one4 ,one no longer becometh poor or rich2 both are too burdensome4 ,who still wanteth to rule8 ,who still wanteth to obey8 ,both are too burdensome4 ,no shepherd1 and one herd6 ,every one wanteth the same2 every one is equal3 he who hath other sentiments goeth voluntarily into the madhouse4 8,formerly all the world was insane10--say the subtlest of them1 and blink thereby4 ,they are clever and know all that hath happened3 so there is no end to their raillery4 ,people still fall out1 but are soon reconciled--otherwise it spoileth their stomachs4 ,they have their little pleasures for the day1 and their little pleasures for the night1 but they have a regard for health4 8,we have discovered happiness10--say the last men1 and blink thereby4-- ,and here ended the first discourse of ,zarathustra1 which is also called 8,the ,prologue03 for at this point the shouting and mirth of the multitude interrupted him4 8,give us this last man1 ,o ,zarathustra10--they called out--8make us into these last men6 ,then will we make thee a present of the ,superman60 ,and all the people exulted and smacked their lips4 ,zarathustra1 however1 turned sad1 and said to his heart3 8,they understand me not3 ,i am not the mouth for these ears4 ,too long1 perhaps1 have ,i lived in the mountains2 too much have ,i hearkened unto the brooks and trees3 now do ,i speak unto them as unto the goatherds4 ,calm is my soul1 and clear1 like the mountains in the morning4 ,but they think me cold1 and a mocker with terrible jests4 ,and now do they look at me and laugh3 and while they laugh they hate me too4 ,there is ice in their laughter40 #f4 ,then1 however1 something happened which made every mouth mute and every eye fixed4 ,in the meantime1 of course1 the rope-dancer had commenced his performance3 he had come out at a little door1 and was going along the rope which was stretched between two towers1 so that it hung above the market-place and the people4 ,when he was just midway across1 the little door opened once more1 and a gaudily-dressed fellow like a buffoon sprang out1 and went rapidly after the first one4 8,go on1 halt-foot10 cried his frightful voice1 8go on1 lazy-bones1 interloper1 sallow-face6--lest ,i tickle thee with my heel6 ,what dost thou here between the towers8 ,in the tower is the place for thee1 thou shouldst be locked up2 to one better than thyself thou blockest the way60--,and with every word he came nearer and nearer the first one4 ,when1 however1 he was but a step behind1 there happened the frightful thing which made every mouth mute and every eye fixed--he uttered a yell like a devil1 and jumped over the other who was in his way4 ,the latter1 however1 when he thus saw his rival triumph1 lost at the same time his head and his footing on the rope2 he threw his pole away1 and shot downwards faster than it1 like an eddy of arms and legs1 into the depth4 ,the market-place and the people were like the sea when the storm cometh on3 they all flew apart and in disorder1 especially where the body was about to fall4 ,zarathustra1 however1 remained standing1 and just beside him fell the body1 badly injured and disfigured1 but not yet dead4 ,after a while consciousness returned to the shattered man1 and he saw ,zarathustra kneeling beside him4 8,what art thou doing there80 said he at last1 8,i knew long ago that the devil would trip me up4 ,now he draggeth me to hell3 wilt thou prevent him80 8,on mine honour1 my friend10 answered ,zarathustra1 8there is nothing of all that whereof thou speakest3 there is no devil and no hell4 ,thy soul will be dead even sooner than thy body3 fear1 therefore1 nothing any more60 ,the man looked up distrustfully4 8,if thou speakest the truth10 said he1 8,i lose nothing when ,i lose my life4 ,i am not much more than an animal which hath been taught to dance by blows and scanty fare40 8,not at all10 said ,zarathustra1 8thou hast made danger thy calling2 therein there is nothing contemptible4 ,now thou perishest by thy calling3 therefore will ,i bury thee with mine own hands40 ,when ,zarathustra had said this the dying one did not reply further2 but he moved his hand as if he sought the hand of ,zarathustra in gratitude4 #g4 ,meanwhile the evening came on1 and the market-place veiled itself in gloom4 ,then the people dispersed1 for even curiosity and terror become fatigued4 ,zarathustra1 however1 still sat beside the dead man on the ground1 absorbed in thought3 so he forgot the time4 ,but at last it became night1 and a cold wind blew upon the lonely one4 ,then arose ,zarathustra and said to his heart3 ,verily1 a fine catch of fish hath ,zarathustra made to-day6 ,it is not a man he hath caught1 but a corpse4 ,sombre is human life1 and as yet without meaning3 a buffoon may be fateful to it4 ,i want to teach men the sense of their existence1 which is the ,superman1 the lightning out of the dark cloud--man4 ,but still am ,i far from them1 and my sense speaketh not unto their sense4 ,to men ,i am still something between a fool and a corpse4 ,gloomy is the night1 gloomy are the ways of ,zarathustra4 ,come1 thou cold and stiff companion6 ,i carry thee to the place where ,i shall bury thee with mine own hands4 #h4 ,when ,zarathustra had said this to his heart1 he put the corpse upon his shoulders and set out on his way4 ,yet had he not gone a hundred steps1 when there stole a man up to him and whispered in his ear--and lo6 he that spake was the buffoon from the tower4 8,leave this town1 ,o ,zarathustra10 said he1 8there are too many here who hate thee4 ,the good and just hate thee1 and call thee their enemy and despiser2 the believers in the orthodox belief hate thee1 and call thee a danger to the multitude4 ,it was thy good fortune to be laughed at3 and verily thou spakest like a buffoon4 ,it was thy good fortune to associate with the dead dog2 by so humiliating thyself thou hast saved thy life to-day4 ,depart1 however1 from this town1--or to-morrow ,i shall jump over thee1 a living man over a dead one40 ,and when he had said this1 the buffoon vanished2 ,zarathustra1 however1 went on through the dark streets4 ,at the gate of the town the grave-diggers met him3 they shone their torch on his face1 and1 recognising ,zarathustra1 they sorely derided him4 8,zarathustra is carrying away the dead dog3 a fine thing that ,zarathustra hath turned a grave-digger6 ,for our hands are too cleanly for that roast4 ,will ,zarathustra steal the bite from the devil8 ,well then1 good luck to the repast6 ,if only the devil is not a better thief than ,zarathustra6--he will steal them both1 he will eat them both60 ,and they laughed among themselves1 and put their heads together4 ,zarathustra made no answer thereto1 but went on his way4 ,when he had gone on for two hours1 past forests and swamps1 he had heard too much of the hungry howling of the wolves1 and he himself became a-hungry4 ,so he halted at a lonely house in which a light was burning4 8,hunger attacketh me10 said ,zarathustra1 8like a robber4 ,among forests and swamps my hunger attacketh me1 and late in the night4 8,strange humours hath my hunger4 ,often it cometh to me only after a repast1 and all day it hath failed to come3 where hath it been80 ,and thereupon ,zarathustra knocked at the door of the house4 ,an old man appeared1 who carried a light1 and asked3 8,who cometh unto me and my bad sleep80 8,a living man and a dead one10 said ,zarathustra4 8,give me something to eat and drink1 ,i forgot it during the day4 ,he that feedeth the hungry refresheth his own soul1 saith wisdom40 ,the old man withdrew1 but came back immediately and offered ,zarathustra bread and wine4 8,a bad country for the hungry10 said he2 8that is why ,i live here4 ,animal and man come unto me1 the anchorite4 ,but bid thy companion eat and drink also1 he is wearier than thou40 ,zarathustra answered3 8,my companion is dead2 ,i shall hardly be able to persuade him to eat40 8,that doth not concern me10 said the old man sullenly2 8he that knocketh at my door must take what ,i offer him4 ,eat1 and fare ye well60-- ,thereafter ,zarathustra again went on for two hours1 trusting to the path and the light of the stars3 for he was an experienced night-walker1 and liked to look into the face of all that slept4 ,when the morning dawned1 however1 ,zarathustra found himself in a thick forest1 and no path was any longer visible4 ,he then put the dead man in a hollow tree at his head--for he wanted to protect him from the wolves--and laid himself down on the ground and moss4 ,and immediately he fell asleep1 tired in body1 but with a tranquil soul4 #i4 ,long slept ,zarathustra2 and not only the rosy dawn passed over his head1 but also the morning4 ,at last1 however1 his eyes opened1 and amazedly he gazed into the forest and the stillness1 amazedly he gazed into himself4 ,then he arose quickly1 like a seafarer who all at once seeth the land2 and he shouted for joy3 for he saw a new truth4 ,and he spake thus to his heart3 ,a light hath dawned upon me3 ,i need companions--living ones2 not dead companions and corpses1 which ,i carry with me where ,i will4 ,but ,i need living companions1 who will follow me because they want to follow themselves--and to the place where ,i will4 ,a light hath dawned upon me4 ,not to the people is ,zarathustra to speak1 but to companions6 ,zarathustra shall not be the herd's herdsman and hound6 ,to allure many from the herd--for that purpose have ,i come4 ,the people and the herd must be angry with me3 a robber shall ,zarathustra be called by the herdsmen4 ,herdsmen1 ,i say1 but they call themselves the good and just4 ,herdsmen1 ,i say1 but they call themselves the believers in the orthodox belief4 ,behold the good and just6 ,whom do they hate most8 ,him who breaketh up their tables of values1 the breaker1 the law-breaker3--he1 however1 is the creator4 ,behold the believers of all beliefs6 ,whom do they hate most8 ,him who breaketh up their tables of values1 the breaker1 the law-breaker--he1 however1 is the creator4 ,companions1 the creator seeketh1 not corpses--and not herds or believers either4 ,fellow-creators the creator seeketh--those who grave new values on new tables4 ,companions1 the creator seeketh1 and fellow-reapers3 for everything is ripe for the harvest with him4 ,but he lacketh the hundred sickles3 so he plucketh the ears of corn and is vexed4 ,companions1 the creator seeketh1 and such as know how to whet their sickles4 ,destroyers1 will they be called1 and despisers of good and evil4 ,but they are the reapers and rejoicers4 ,fellow-creators1 ,zarathustra seeketh2 fellow-reapers and fellow-rejoicers1 ,zarathustra seeketh3 what hath he to do with herds and herdsmen and corpses6 ,and thou1 my first companion1 rest in peace6 ,well have ,i buried thee in thy hollow tree2 well have ,i hid thee from the wolves4 ,but ,i part from thee2 the time hath arrived4 #8,twixt rosy dawn and rosy dawn there came unto me a new truth4 ,i am not to be a herdsman1 ,i am not to be a grave-digger4 ,not any more will ,i discourse unto the people2 for the last time have ,i spoken unto the dead4 ,with the creators1 the reapers1 and the rejoicers will ,i associate3 the rainbow will ,i show them1 and all the stairs to the ,superman4 ,to the lone-dwellers will ,i sing my song1 and to the twain-dwellers2 and unto him who hath still ears for the unheard1 will ,i make the heart heavy with my happiness4 ,i make for my goal1 ,i follow my course2 over the loitering and tardy will ,i leap4 ,thus let my on-going be their down-going6 #aj4 ,this had ,zarathustra said to his heart when the sun stood at noontide4 ,then he looked inquiringly aloft1--for he heard above him the sharp call of a bird4 ,and behold6 ,an eagle swept through the air in wide circles1 and on it hung a serpent1 not like a prey1 but like a friend3 for it kept itself coiled round the eagle's neck4 8,they are mine animals10 said ,zarathustra1 and rejoiced in his heart4 8,the proudest animal under the sun1 and the wisest animal under the sun1--they have come out to reconnoitre4 ,they want to know whether ,zarathustra still liveth4 ,verily1 do ,i still live8 ,more dangerous have ,i found it among men than among animals2 in dangerous paths goeth ,zarathustra4 ,let mine animals lead me60 ,when ,zarathustra had said this1 he remembered the words of the saint in the forest4 ,then he sighed and spake thus to his heart3 8,would that ,i were wiser6 ,would that ,i were wise from the very heart1 like my serpent6 ,but ,i am asking the impossible4 ,therefore do ,i ask my pride to go always with my wisdom6 ,and if my wisdom should some day forsake me3--alas6 it loveth to fly away6--may my pride then fly with my folly60 ,thus began ,zarathustra's down-going4 ,,zarathustra',s ,,discourses4 ,i4 ,,the ,,three ,,metamorphoses4 ,three metamorphoses of the spirit do ,i designate to you3 how the spirit becometh a camel1 the camel a lion1 and the lion at last a child4 ,many heavy things are there for the spirit1 the strong load-bearing spirit in which reverence dwelleth3 for the heavy and the heaviest longeth its strength4 ,what is heavy8 so asketh the load-bearing spirit2 then kneeleth it down like the camel1 and wanteth to be well laden4 ,what is the heaviest thing1 ye heroes8 asketh the load-bearing spirit1 that ,i may take it upon me and rejoice in my strength4 ,is it not this3 ,to humiliate oneself in order to mortify one's pride8 ,to exhibit one's folly in order to mock at one's wisdom8 ,or is it this3 ,to desert our cause when it celebrateth its triumph8 ,to ascend high mountains to tempt the tempter8 ,or is it this3 ,to feed on the acorns and grass of knowledge1 and for the sake of truth to suffer hunger of soul8 ,or is it this3 ,to be sick and dismiss comforters1 and make friends of the deaf1 who never hear thy requests8 ,or is it this3 ,to go into foul water when it is the water of truth1 and not disclaim cold frogs and hot toads8 ,or is it this3 ,to love those who despise us1 and give one's hand to the phantom when it is going to frighten us8 ,all these heaviest things the load-bearing spirit taketh upon itself3 and like the camel1 which1 when laden1 hasteneth into the wilderness1 so hasteneth the spirit into its wilderness4 ,but in the loneliest wilderness happeneth the second metamorphosis3 here the spirit becometh a lion2 freedom will it capture1 and lordship in its own wilderness4 ,its last ,lord it here seeketh3 hostile will it be to him1 and to its last ,god2 for victory will it struggle with the great dragon4 ,what is the great dragon which the spirit is no longer inclined to call ,lord and ,god8 8,thou shalt10 is the great dragon called4 ,but the spirit of the lion saith1 8,i will40 8,thou shalt10 lieth in its path1 sparkling with gold--a scale-covered beast2 and on every scale glittereth golden1 8,thou shalt60 ,the values of a thousand years glitter on those scales1 and thus speaketh the mightiest of all dragons3 8,all the values of things--glitter on me4 ,all values have already been created1 and all created values--do ,i represent4 ,verily1 there shall be no #8,i will' any more40 ,thus speaketh the dragon4 ,my brethren1 wherefore is there need of the lion in the spirit8 ,why sufficeth not the beast of burden1 which renounceth and is reverent8 ,to create new values--that1 even the lion cannot yet accomplish3 but to create itself freedom for new creating--that can the might of the lion do4 ,to create itself freedom1 and give a holy ,nay even unto duty3 for that1 my brethren1 there is need of the lion4 ,to assume the right to new values--that is the most formidable assumption for a load-bearing and reverent spirit4 ,verily1 unto such a spirit it is preying1 and the work of a beast of prey4 ,as its holiest1 it once loved 8,thou shalt03 now is it forced to find illusion and arbitrariness even in the holiest things1 that it may capture freedom from its love3 the lion is needed for this capture4 ,but tell me1 my brethren1 what the child can do1 which even the lion could not do8 ,why hath the preying lion still to become a child8 ,innocence is the child1 and forgetfulness1 a new beginning1 a game1 a self-rolling wheel1 a first movement1 a holy ,yea4 ,aye1 for the game of creating1 my brethren1 there is needed a holy ,yea unto life3 ,,its ,,own will1 willeth now the spirit2 ,,his ,,own world winneth the world's outcast4 ,three metamorphoses of the spirit have ,i designated to you3 how the spirit became a camel1 the camel a lion1 and the lion at last a child4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,and at that time he abode in the town which is called ,the ,pied ,cow4 ,,ii4 ,,the ,,academic ,,chairs ,,of ,,virtue4 ,people commended unto ,zarathustra a wise man1 as one who could discourse well about sleep and virtue3 greatly was he honoured and rewarded for it1 and all the youths sat before his chair4 ,to him went ,zarathustra1 and sat among the youths before his chair4 ,and thus spake the wise man3 ,respect and modesty in presence of sleep6 ,that is the first thing6 ,and to go out of the way of all who sleep badly and keep awake at night6 ,modest is even the thief in presence of sleep3 he always stealeth softly through the night4 ,immodest1 however1 is the night-watchman2 immodestly he carrieth his horn4 ,no small art is it to sleep3 it is necessary for that purpose to keep awake all day4 ,ten times a day must thou overcome thyself3 that causeth wholesome weariness1 and is poppy to the soul4 ,ten times must thou reconcile again with thyself2 for overcoming is bitterness1 and badly sleep the unreconciled4 ,ten truths must thou find during the day2 otherwise wilt thou seek truth during the night1 and thy soul will have been hungry4 ,ten times must thou laugh during the day1 and be cheerful2 otherwise thy stomach1 the father of affliction1 will disturb thee in the night4 ,few people know it1 but one must have all the virtues in order to sleep well4 ,shall ,i bear false witness8 ,shall ,i commit adultery8 ,shall ,i covet my neighbour's maidservant8 ,all that would ill accord with good sleep4 ,and even if one have all the virtues1 there is still one thing needful3 to send the virtues themselves to sleep at the right time4 ,that they may not quarrel with one another1 the good females6 ,and about thee1 thou unhappy one6 ,peace with ,god and thy neighbour3 so desireth good sleep4 ,and peace also with thy neighbour's devil6 ,otherwise it will haunt thee in the night4 ,honour to the government1 and obedience1 and also to the crooked government6 ,so desireth good sleep4 ,how can ,i help it1 if power like to walk on crooked legs8 ,he who leadeth his sheep to the greenest pasture1 shall always be for me the best shepherd3 so doth it accord with good sleep4 ,many honours ,i want not1 nor great treasures3 they excite the spleen4 ,but it is bad sleeping without a good name and a little treasure4 ,a small company is more welcome to me than a bad one3 but they must come and go at the right time4 ,so doth it accord with good sleep4 ,well1 also1 do the poor in spirit please me3 they promote sleep4 ,blessed are they1 especially if one always give in to them4 ,thus passeth the day unto the virtuous4 ,when night cometh1 then take ,i good care not to summon sleep4 ,it disliketh to be summoned--sleep1 the lord of the virtues6 ,but ,i think of what ,i have done and thought during the day4 ,thus ruminating1 patient as a cow1 ,i ask myself3 ,what were thy ten overcomings8 ,and what were the ten reconciliations1 and the ten truths1 and the ten laughters with which my heart enjoyed itself8 ,thus pondering1 and cradled by forty thoughts1 it overtaketh me all at once--sleep1 the unsummoned1 the lord of the virtues4 ,sleep tappeth on mine eye1 and it turneth heavy4 ,sleep toucheth my mouth1 and it remaineth open4 ,verily1 on soft soles doth it come to me1 the dearest of thieves1 and stealeth from me my thoughts3 stupid do ,i then stand1 like this academic chair4 ,but not much longer do ,i then stand3 ,i already lie4-- ,when ,zarathustra heard the wise man thus speak1 he laughed in his heart3 for thereby had a light dawned upon him4 ,and thus spake he to his heart3 ,a fool seemeth this wise man with his forty thoughts3 but ,i believe he knoweth well how to sleep4 ,happy even is he who liveth near this wise man6 ,such sleep is contagious--even through a thick wall it is contagious4 ,a magic resideth even in his academic chair4 ,and not in vain did the youths sit before the preacher of virtue4 ,his wisdom is to keep awake in order to sleep well4 ,and verily1 if life had no sense1 and had ,i to choose nonsense1 this would be the desirablest nonsense for me also4 ,now know ,i well what people sought formerly above all else when they sought teachers of virtue4 ,good sleep they sought for themselves1 and poppy-head virtues to promote it6 ,to all those belauded sages of the academic chairs1 wisdom was sleep without dreams3 they knew no higher significance of life4 ,even at present1 to be sure1 there are some like this preacher of virtue1 and not always so honourable3 but their time is past4 ,and not much longer do they stand3 there they already lie4 ,blessed are those drowsy ones3 for they shall soon nod to sleep4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,iii4 ,,backworldsmen4 ,once on a time1 ,zarathustra also cast his fancy beyond man1 like all backworldsmen4 ,the work of a suffering and tortured ,god1 did the world then seem to me4 ,the dream--and diction--of a ,god1 did the world then seem to me2 coloured vapours before the eyes of a divinely dissatisfied one4 ,good and evil1 and joy and woe1 and ,i and thou--coloured vapours did they seem to me before creative eyes4 ,the creator wished to look away from himself1--thereupon he created the world4 ,intoxicating joy is it for the sufferer to look away from his suffering and forget himself4 ,intoxicating joy and self-forgetting1 did the world once seem to me4 ,this world1 the eternally imperfect1 an eternal contradiction's image and imperfect image--an intoxicating joy to its imperfect creator3--thus did the world once seem to me4 ,thus1 once on a time1 did ,i also cast my fancy beyond man1 like all backworldsmen4 ,beyond man1 forsooth8 ,ah1 ye brethren1 that ,god whom ,i created was human work and human madness1 like all the ,gods6 ,a man was he1 and only a poor fragment of a man and ego4 ,out of mine own ashes and glow it came unto me1 that phantom4 ,and verily1 it came not unto me from the beyond6 ,what happened1 my brethren8 ,i surpassed myself1 the suffering one2 ,i carried mine own ashes to the mountain2 a brighter flame ,i contrived for myself4 ,and lo6 ,thereupon the phantom ,,withdrew from me6 ,to me the convalescent would it now be suffering and torment to believe in such phantoms3 suffering would it now be to me1 and humiliation4 ,thus speak ,i to backworldsmen4 ,suffering was it1 and impotence--that created all backworlds2 and the short madness of happiness1 which only the greatest sufferer experienceth4 ,weariness1 which seeketh to get to the ultimate with one leap1 with a death-leap2 a poor ignorant weariness1 unwilling even to will any longer3 that created all ,gods and backworlds4 ,believe me1 my brethren6 ,it was the body which despaired of the body--it groped with the fingers of the infatuated spirit at the ultimate walls4 ,believe me1 my brethren6 ,it was the body which despaired of the earth--it heard the bowels of existence speaking unto it4 ,and then it sought to get through the ultimate walls with its head--and not with its head only--into 8the other world40 ,but that 8other world0 is well concealed from man1 that dehumanised1 inhuman world1 which is a celestial naught2 and the bowels of existence do not speak unto man1 except as man4 ,verily1 it is difficult to prove all being1 and hard to make it speak4 ,tell me1 ye brethren1 is not the strangest of all things best proved8 ,yea1 this ego1 with its contradiction and perplexity1 speaketh most uprightly of its being--this creating1 willing1 evaluing ego1 which is the measure and value of things4 ,and this most upright existence1 the ego--it speaketh of the body1 and still implieth the body1 even when it museth and raveth and fluttereth with broken wings4 ,always more uprightly learneth it to speak1 the ego2 and the more it learneth1 the more doth it find titles and honours for the body and the earth4 ,a new pride taught me mine ego1 and that teach ,i unto men3 no longer to thrust one's head into the sand of celestial things1 but to carry it freely1 a terrestrial head1 which giveth meaning to the earth6 ,a new will teach ,i unto men3 to choose that path which man hath followed blindly1 and to approve of it--and no longer to slink aside from it1 like the sick and perishing6 ,the sick and perishing--it was they who despised the body and the earth1 and invented the heavenly world1 and the redeeming blood-drops2 but even those sweet and sad poisons they borrowed from the body and the earth6 ,from their misery they sought escape1 and the stars were too remote for them4 ,then they sighed3 8,o that there were heavenly paths by which to steal into another existence and into happiness60 ,then they contrived for themselves their by-paths and bloody draughts6 ,beyond the sphere of their body and this earth they now fancied themselves transported1 these ungrateful ones4 ,but to what did they owe the convulsion and rapture of their transport8 ,to their body and this earth4 ,gentle is ,zarathustra to the sickly4 ,verily1 he is not indignant at their modes of consolation and ingratitude4 ,may they become convalescents and overcomers1 and create higher bodies for themselves6 ,neither is ,zarathustra indignant at a convalescent who looketh tenderly on his delusions1 and at midnight stealeth round the grave of his ,god2 but sickness and a sick frame remain even in his tears4 ,many sickly ones have there always been among those who muse1 and languish for ,god2 violently they hate the discerning ones1 and the latest of virtues1 which is uprightness4 ,backward they always gaze toward dark ages3 then1 indeed1 were delusion and faith something different4 ,raving of the reason was likeness to ,god1 and doubt was sin4 ,too well do ,i know those godlike ones3 they insist on being believed in1 and that doubt is sin4 ,too well1 also1 do ,i know what they themselves most believe in4 ,verily1 not in backworlds and redeeming blood-drops3 but in the body do they also believe most2 and their own body is for them the thing-in-itself4 ,but it is a sickly thing to them1 and gladly would they get out of their skin4 ,therefore hearken they to the preachers of death1 and themselves preach backworlds4 ,hearken rather1 my brethren1 to the voice of the healthy body2 it is a more upright and pure voice4 ,more uprightly and purely speaketh the healthy body1 perfect and square-built2 and it speaketh of the meaning of the earth4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,iv4 ,,the ,,despisers ,,of ,,the ,,body4 ,to the despisers of the body will ,i speak my word4 ,i wish them neither to learn afresh1 nor teach anew1 but only to bid farewell to their own bodies1--and thus be dumb4 8,body am ,i1 and soul0--so saith the child4 ,and why should one not speak like children8 ,but the awakened one1 the knowing one1 saith3 8,body am ,i entirely1 and nothing more2 and soul is only the name of something in the body40 ,the body is a big sagacity1 a plurality with one sense1 a war and a peace1 a flock and a shepherd4 ,an instrument of thy body is also thy little sagacity1 my brother1 which thou callest 8spirit0--a little instrument and plaything of thy big sagacity4 8,ego10 sayest thou1 and art proud of that word4 ,but the greater thing--in which thou art unwilling to believe--is thy body with its big sagacity2 it saith not 8ego10 but doeth it4 ,what the sense feeleth1 what the spirit discerneth1 hath never its end in itself4 ,but sense and spirit would fain persuade thee that they are the end of all things3 so vain are they4 ,instruments and playthings are sense and spirit3 behind them there is still the ,self4 ,the ,self seeketh with the eyes of the senses1 it hearkeneth also with the ears of the spirit4 ,ever hearkeneth the ,self1 and seeketh2 it compareth1 mastereth1 conquereth1 and destroyeth4 ,it ruleth1 and is also the ego's ruler4 ,behind thy thoughts and feelings1 my brother1 there is a mighty lord1 an unknown sage--it is called ,self2 it dwelleth in thy body1 it is thy body4 ,there is more sagacity in thy body than in thy best wisdom4 ,and who then knoweth why thy body requireth just thy best wisdom8 ,thy ,self laugheth at thine ego1 and its proud prancings4 8,what are these prancings and flights of thought unto me80 it saith to itself4 8,a by-way to my purpose4 ,i am the leading-string of the ego1 and the prompter of its notions40 ,the ,self saith unto the ego3 8,feel pain60 ,and thereupon it suffereth1 and thinketh how it may put an end thereto--and for that very purpose it ,,is ,,meant to think4 ,the ,self saith unto the ego3 8,feel pleasure60 ,thereupon it rejoiceth1 and thinketh how it may ofttimes rejoice--and for that very purpose it ,,is ,,meant to think4 ,to the despisers of the body will ,i speak a word4 ,that they despise is caused by their esteem4 ,what is it that created esteeming and despising and worth and will8 ,the creating ,self created for itself esteeming and despising1 it created for itself joy and woe4 ,the creating body created for itself spirit1 as a hand to its will4 ,even in your folly and despising ye each serve your ,self1 ye despisers of the body4 ,i tell you1 your very ,self wanteth to die1 and turneth away from life4 ,no longer can your ,self do that which it desireth most3--create beyond itself4 ,that is what it desireth most2 that is all its fervour4 ,but it is now too late to do so3--so your ,self wisheth to succumb1 ye despisers of the body4 ,to succumb--so wisheth your ,self2 and therefore have ye become despisers of the body4 ,for ye can no longer create beyond yourselves4 ,and therefore are ye now angry with life and with the earth4 ,and unconscious envy is in the sidelong look of your contempt4 ,i go not your way1 ye despisers of the body6 ,ye are no bridges for me to the ,superman6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,v4 ,,joys ,,and ,,passions4 ,my brother1 when thou hast a virtue1 and it is thine own virtue1 thou hast it in common with no one4 ,to be sure1 thou wouldst call it by name and caress it2 thou wouldst pull its ears and amuse thyself with it4 ,and lo6 ,then hast thou its name in common with the people1 and hast become one of the people and the herd with thy virtue6 ,better for thee to say3 8,ineffable is it1 and nameless1 that which is pain and sweetness to my soul1 and also the hunger of my bowels40 ,let thy virtue be too high for the familiarity of names1 and if thou must speak of it1 be not ashamed to stammer about it4 ,thus speak and stammer3 8,that is ,,my good1 that do ,i love1 thus doth it please me entirely1 thus only do ,i desire the good4 ,not as the law of a ,god do ,i desire it1 not as a human law or a human need do ,i desire it2 it is not to be a guide-post for me to superearths and paradises4 ,an earthly virtue is it which ,i love3 little prudence is therein1 and the least everyday wisdom4 ,but that bird built its nest beside me3 therefore1 ,i love and cherish it--now sitteth it beside me on its golden eggs40 ,thus shouldst thou stammer1 and praise thy virtue4 ,once hadst thou passions and calledst them evil4 ,but now hast thou only thy virtues3 they grew out of thy passions4 ,thou implantedst thy highest aim into the heart of those passions3 then became they thy virtues and joys4 ,and though thou wert of the race of the hot-tempered1 or of the voluptuous1 or of the fanatical1 or the vindictive2 ,all thy passions in the end became virtues1 and all thy devils angels4 ,once hadst thou wild dogs in thy cellar3 but they changed at last into birds and charming songstresses4 ,out of thy poisons brewedst thou balsam for thyself2 thy cow1 affliction1 milkedst thou--now drinketh thou the sweet milk of her udder4 ,and nothing evil groweth in thee any longer1 unless it be the evil that groweth out of the conflict of thy virtues4 ,my brother1 if thou be fortunate1 then wilt thou have one virtue and no more3 thus goest thou easier over the bridge4 ,illustrious is it to have many virtues1 but a hard lot2 and many a one hath gone into the wilderness and killed himself1 because he was weary of being the battle and battlefield of virtues4 ,my brother1 are war and battle evil8 ,necessary1 however1 is the evil2 necessary are the envy and the distrust and the back-biting among the virtues4 ,lo6 how each of thy virtues is covetous of the highest place2 it wanteth thy whole spirit to be ,,its herald1 it wanteth thy whole power1 in wrath1 hatred1 and love4 ,jealous is every virtue of the others1 and a dreadful thing is jealousy4 ,even virtues may succumb by jealousy4 ,he whom the flame of jealousy encompasseth1 turneth at last1 like the scorpion1 the poisoned sting against himself4 ,ah6 my brother1 hast thou never seen a virtue backbite and stab itself8 ,man is something that hath to be surpassed3 and therefore shalt thou love thy virtues1--for thou wilt succumb by them4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,vi4 ,,the ,,pale ,,criminal4 ,ye do not mean to slay1 ye judges and sacrificers1 until the animal hath bowed its head8 ,lo6 the pale criminal hath bowed his head3 out of his eye speaketh the great contempt4 8,mine ego is something which is to be surpassed3 mine ego is to me the great contempt of man03 so speaketh it out of that eye4 ,when he judged himself--that was his supreme moment2 let not the exalted one relapse again into his low estate6 ,there is no salvation for him who thus suffereth from himself1 unless it be speedy death4 ,your slaying1 ye judges1 shall be pity1 and not revenge2 and in that ye slay1 see to it that ye yourselves justify life6 ,it is not enough that ye should reconcile with him whom ye slay4 ,let your sorrow be love to the ,superman3 thus will ye justify your own survival6 8,enemy0 shall ye say but not 8villain10 8invalid0 shall ye say but not 8wretch10 8fool0 shall ye say but not 8sinner40 ,and thou1 red judge1 if thou would say audibly all thou hast done in thought1 then would every one cry3 8,away with the nastiness and the virulent reptile60 ,but one thing is the thought1 another thing is the deed1 and another thing is the idea of the deed4 ,the wheel of causality doth not roll between them4 ,an idea made this pale man pale4 ,adequate was he for his deed when he did it1 but the idea of it1 he could not endure when it was done4 ,evermore did he now see himself as the doer of one deed4 ,madness1 ,i call this3 the exception reversed itself to the rule in him4 ,the streak of chalk bewitcheth the hen2 the stroke he struck bewitched his weak reason4 ,madness ,,after the deed1 ,i call this4 ,hearken1 ye judges6 ,there is another madness besides1 and it is ,,before the deed4 ,ah6 ye have not gone deep enough into this soul6 ,thus speaketh the red judge3 8,why did this criminal commit murder8 ,he meant to rob40 ,i tell you1 however1 that his soul wanted blood1 not booty3 he thirsted for the happiness of the knife6 ,but his weak reason understood not this madness1 and it persuaded him4 8,what matter about blood60 it said2 8wishest thou not1 at least1 to make booty thereby8 ,or take revenge80 ,and he hearkened unto his weak reason3 like lead lay its words upon him--thereupon he robbed when he murdered4 ,he did not mean to be ashamed of his madness4 ,and now once more lieth the lead of his guilt upon him1 and once more is his weak reason so benumbed1 so paralysed1 and so dull4 ,could he only shake his head1 then would his burden roll off2 but who shaketh that head8 ,what is this man8 ,a mass of diseases that reach out into the world through the spirit2 there they want to get their prey4 ,what is this man8 ,a coil of wild serpents that are seldom at peace among themselves--so they go forth apart and seek prey in the world4 ,look at that poor body6 ,what it suffered and craved1 the poor soul interpreted to itself--it interpreted it as murderous desire1 and eagerness for the happiness of the knife4 ,him who now turneth sick1 the evil overtaketh which is now the evil3 he seeketh to cause pain with that which causeth him pain4 ,but there have been other ages1 and another evil and good4 ,once was doubt evil1 and the will to ,self4 ,then the invalid became a heretic or sorcerer2 as heretic or sorcerer he suffered1 and sought to cause suffering4 ,but this will not enter your ears2 it hurteth your good people1 ye tell me4 ,but what doth it matter to me about your good people6 ,many things in your good people cause me disgust1 and verily1 not their evil4 ,i would that they had a madness by which they succumbed1 like this pale criminal6 ,verily1 ,i would that their madness were called truth1 or fidelity1 or justice3 but they have their virtue in order to live long1 and in wretched self-complacency4 ,i am a railing alongside the torrent2 whoever is able to grasp me may grasp me6 ,your crutch1 however1 ,i am not4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,vii4 ,,reading ,,and ,,writing4 ,of all that is written1 ,i love only what a person hath written with his blood4 ,write with blood1 and thou wilt find that blood is spirit4 ,it is no easy task to understand unfamiliar blood2 ,i hate the reading idlers4 ,he who knoweth the reader1 doeth nothing more for the reader4 ,another century of readers--and spirit itself will stink4 ,every one being allowed to learn to read1 ruineth in the long run not only writing but also thinking4 ,once spirit was ,god1 then it became man1 and now it even becometh populace4 ,he that writeth in blood and proverbs doth not want to be read1 but learnt by heart4 ,in the mountains the shortest way is from peak to peak1 but for that route thou must have long legs4 ,proverbs should be peaks1 and those spoken to should be big and tall4 ,the atmosphere rare and pure1 danger near and the spirit full of a joyful wickedness3 thus are things well matched4 ,i want to have goblins about me1 for ,i am courageous4 ,the courage which scareth away ghosts1 createth for itself goblins--it wanteth to laugh4 ,i no longer feel in common with you2 the very cloud which ,i see beneath me1 the blackness and heaviness at which ,i laugh--that is your thunder-cloud4 ,ye look aloft when ye long for exaltation2 and ,i look downward because ,i am exalted4 ,who among you can at the same time laugh and be exalted8 ,he who climbeth on the highest mountains1 laugheth at all tragic plays and tragic realities4 ,courageous1 unconcerned1 scornful1 coercive--so wisdom wisheth us2 she is a woman1 and ever loveth only a warrior4 ,ye tell me1 8,life is hard to bear40 ,but for what purpose should ye have your pride in the morning and your resignation in the evening8 ,life is hard to bear3 but do not affect to be so delicate6 ,we are all of us fine sumpter asses and assesses4 ,what have we in common with the rose-bud1 which trembleth because a drop of dew hath formed upon it8 ,it is true we love life2 not because we are wont to live1 but because we are wont to love4 ,there is always some madness in love4 ,but there is always1 also1 some method in madness4 ,and to me also1 who appreciate life1 the butterflies1 and soap-bubbles1 and whatever is like them amongst us1 seem most to enjoy happiness4 ,to see these light1 foolish1 pretty1 lively little sprites flit about--that moveth ,zarathustra to tears and songs4 ,i should only believe in a ,god that would know how to dance4 ,and when ,i saw my devil1 ,i found him serious1 thorough1 profound1 solemn3 he was the spirit of gravity--through him all things fall4 ,not by wrath1 but by laughter1 do we slay4 ,come1 let us slay the spirit of gravity6 ,i learned to walk2 since then have ,i let myself run4 ,i learned to fly2 since then ,i do not need pushing in order to move from a spot4 ,now am ,i light1 now do ,i fly2 now do ,i see myself under myself4 ,now there danceth a ,god in me4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,viii4 ,,the ,,tree ,,on ,,the ,,hill4 ,zarathustra's eye had perceived that a certain youth avoided him4 ,and as he walked alone one evening over the hills surrounding the town called 8,the ,pied ,cow10 behold1 there found he the youth sitting leaning against a tree1 and gazing with wearied look into the valley4 ,zarathustra thereupon laid hold of the tree beside which the youth sat1 and spake thus3 8,if ,i wished to shake this tree with my hands1 ,i should not be able to do so4 ,but the wind1 which we see not1 troubleth and bendeth it as it listeth4 ,we are sorest bent and troubled by invisible hands40 ,thereupon the youth arose disconcerted1 and said3 8,i hear ,zarathustra1 and just now was ,i thinking of him60 ,zarathustra answered3 8,why art thou frightened on that account8--,but it is the same with man as with the tree4 ,the more he seeketh to rise into the height and light1 the more vigorously do his roots struggle earthward1 downward1 into the dark and deep--into the evil40 8,yea1 into the evil60 cried the youth4 8,how is it possible that thou hast discovered my soul80 ,zarathustra smiled1 and said3 8,many a soul one will never discover1 unless one first invent it40 8,yea1 into the evil60 cried the youth once more4 8,thou saidst the truth1 ,zarathustra4 ,i trust myself no longer since ,i sought to rise into the height1 and nobody trusteth me any longer2 how doth that happen8 ,i change too quickly3 my to-day refuteth my yesterday4 ,i often overleap the steps when ,i clamber2 for so doing1 none of the steps pardons me4 ,when aloft1 ,i find myself always alone4 ,no one speaketh unto me2 the frost of solitude maketh me tremble4 ,what do ,i seek on the height8 ,my contempt and my longing increase together2 the higher ,i clamber1 the more do ,i despise him who clambereth4 ,what doth he seek on the height8 ,how ashamed ,i am of my clambering and stumbling6 ,how ,i mock at my violent panting6 ,how ,i hate him who flieth6 ,how tired ,i am on the height60 ,here the youth was silent4 ,and ,zarathustra contemplated the tree beside which they stood1 and spake thus3 8,this tree standeth lonely here on the hills2 it hath grown up high above man and beast4 ,and if it wanted to speak1 it would have none who could understand it3 so high hath it grown4 ,now it waiteth and waiteth1--for what doth it wait8 ,it dwelleth too close to the seat of the clouds2 it waiteth perhaps for the first lightning80 ,when ,zarathustra had said this1 the youth called out with violent gestures3 8,yea1 ,zarathustra1 thou speakest the truth4 ,my destruction ,i longed for1 when ,i desired to be on the height1 and thou art the lightning for which ,i waited6 ,lo6 what have ,i been since thou hast appeared amongst us8 ,it is mine envy of thee that hath destroyed me60--,thus spake the youth1 and wept bitterly4 ,zarathustra1 however1 put his arm about him1 and led the youth away with him4 ,and when they had walked a while together1 ,zarathustra began to speak thus3 ,it rendeth my heart4 ,better than thy words express it1 thine eyes tell me all thy danger4 ,as yet thou art not free2 thou still ,,seekest freedom4 ,too unslept hath thy seeking made thee1 and too wakeful4 ,on the open height wouldst thou be2 for the stars thirsteth thy soul4 ,but thy bad impulses also thirst for freedom4 ,thy wild dogs want liberty2 they bark for joy in their cellar when thy spirit endeavoureth to open all prison doors4 ,still art thou a prisoner--it seemeth to me--who deviseth liberty for himself3 ah6 sharp becometh the soul of such prisoners1 but also deceitful and wicked4 ,to purify himself1 is still necessary for the freedman of the spirit4 ,much of the prison and the mould still remaineth in him3 pure hath his eye still to become4 ,yea1 ,i know thy danger4 ,but by my love and hope ,i conjure thee3 cast not thy love and hope away6 ,noble thou feelest thyself still1 and noble others also feel thee still1 though they bear thee a grudge and cast evil looks4 ,know this1 that to everybody a noble one standeth in the way4 ,also to the good1 a noble one standeth in the way3 and even when they call him a good man1 they want thereby to put him aside4 ,the new1 would the noble man create1 and a new virtue4 ,the old1 wanteth the good man1 and that the old should be conserved4 ,but it is not the danger of the noble man to turn a good man1 but lest he should become a blusterer1 a scoffer1 or a destroyer4 ,ah6 ,i have known noble ones who lost their highest hope4 ,and then they disparaged all high hopes4 ,then lived they shamelessly in temporary pleasures1 and beyond the day had hardly an aim4 8,spirit is also voluptuousness10--said they4 ,then broke the wings of their spirit2 and now it creepeth about1 and defileth where it gnaweth4 ,once they thought of becoming heroes2 but sensualists are they now4 ,a trouble and a terror is the hero to them4 ,but by my love and hope ,i conjure thee3 cast not away the hero in thy soul6 ,maintain holy thy highest hope6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,ix4 ,,the ,,preachers ,,of ,,death4 ,there are preachers of death3 and the earth is full of those to whom desistance from life must be preached4 ,full is the earth of the superfluous2 marred is life by the many-too-many4 ,may they be decoyed out of this life by the 8life eternal06 8,the yellow ones03 so are called the preachers of death1 or 8the black ones40 ,but ,i will show them unto you in other colours besides4 ,there are the terrible ones who carry about in themselves the beast of prey1 and have no choice except lusts or self-laceration4 ,and even their lusts are self-laceration4 ,they have not yet become men1 those terrible ones3 may they preach desistance from life1 and pass away themselves6 ,there are the spiritually consumptive ones3 hardly are they born when they begin to die1 and long for doctrines of lassitude and renunciation4 ,they would fain be dead1 and we should approve of their wish6 ,let us beware of awakening those dead ones1 and of damaging those living coffins6 ,they meet an invalid1 or an old man1 or a corpse--and immediately they say3 8,life is refuted60 ,but they only are refuted1 and their eye1 which seeth only one aspect of existence4 ,shrouded in thick melancholy1 and eager for the little casualties that bring death3 thus do they wait1 and clench their teeth4 ,or else1 they grasp at sweetmeats1 and mock at their childishness thereby3 they cling to their straw of life1 and mock at their still clinging to it4 ,their wisdom speaketh thus3 8,a fool1 he who remaineth alive2 but so far are we fools6 ,and that is the foolishest thing in life60 8,life is only suffering03 so say others1 and lie not4 ,then see to it that ,,ye cease6 ,see to it that the life ceaseth which is only suffering6 ,and let this be the teaching of your virtue3 8,thou shalt slay thyself6 ,thou shalt steal away from thyself60-- 8,lust is sin10--so say some who preach death--8let us go apart and beget no children60 8,giving birth is troublesome10--say others--8why still give birth8 ,one beareth only the unfortunate60 ,and they also are preachers of death4 8,pity is necessary10--so saith a third party4 8,take what ,i have6 ,take what ,i am6 ,so much less doth life bind me60 ,were they consistently pitiful1 then would they make their neighbours sick of life4 ,to be wicked--that would be their true goodness4 ,but they want to be rid of life2 what care they if they bind others still faster with their chains and gifts6-- ,and ye also1 to whom life is rough labour and disquiet1 are ye not very tired of life8 ,are ye not very ripe for the sermon of death8 ,all ye to whom rough labour is dear1 and the rapid1 new1 and strange--ye put up with yourselves badly2 your diligence is flight1 and the will to self-forgetfulness4 ,if ye believed more in life1 then would ye devote yourselves less to the momentary4 ,but for waiting1 ye have not enough of capacity in you--nor even for idling6 ,everywhere resoundeth the voices of those who preach death2 and the earth is full of those to whom death hath to be preached4 ,or 8life eternal02 it is all the same to me--if only they pass away quickly6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,x4 ,,war ,,and ,,warriors4 ,by our best enemies we do not want to be spared1 nor by those either whom we love from the very heart4 ,so let me tell you the truth6 ,my brethren in war6 ,i love you from the very heart4 ,i am1 and was ever1 your counterpart4 ,and ,i am also your best enemy4 ,so let me tell you the truth6 ,i know the hatred and envy of your hearts4 ,ye are not great enough not to know of hatred and envy4 ,then be great enough not to be ashamed of them6 ,and if ye cannot be saints of knowledge1 then1 ,i pray you1 be at least its warriors4 ,they are the companions and forerunners of such saintship4 ,i see many soldiers2 could ,i but see many warriors6 8,uniform0 one calleth what they wear2 may it not be uniform what they therewith hide6 ,ye shall be those whose eyes ever seek for an enemy--for ,,your enemy4 ,and with some of you there is hatred at first sight4 ,your enemy shall ye seek2 your war shall ye wage1 and for the sake of your thoughts6 ,and if your thoughts succumb1 your uprightness shall still shout triumph thereby6 ,ye shall love peace as a means to new wars--and the short peace more than the long4 ,you ,i advise not to work1 but to fight4 ,you ,i advise not to peace1 but to victory4 ,let your work be a fight1 let your peace be a victory6 ,one can only be silent and sit peacefully when one hath arrow and bow2 otherwise one prateth and quarrelleth4 ,let your peace be a victory6 ,ye say it is the good cause which halloweth even war8 ,i say unto you3 it is the good war which halloweth every cause4 ,war and courage have done more great things than charity4 ,not your sympathy1 but your bravery hath hitherto saved the victims4 8,what is good80 ye ask4 ,to be brave is good4 ,let the little girls say3 8,to be good is what is pretty1 and at the same time touching40 ,they call you heartless3 but your heart is true1 and ,i love the bashfulness of your good-will4 ,ye are ashamed of your flow1 and others are ashamed of their ebb4 ,ye are ugly8 ,well then1 my brethren1 take the sublime about you1 the mantle of the ugly6 ,and when your soul becometh great1 then doth it become haughty1 and in your sublimity there is wickedness4 ,i know you4 ,in wickedness the haughty man and the weakling meet4 ,but they misunderstand one another4 ,i know you4 ,ye shall only have enemies to be hated1 but not enemies to be despised4 ,ye must be proud of your enemies2 then1 the successes of your enemies are also your successes4 ,resistance--that is the distinction of the slave4 ,let your distinction be obedience4 ,let your commanding itself be obeying6 ,to the good warrior soundeth 8thou shalt0 pleasanter than 8,i will40 ,and all that is dear unto you1 ye shall first have it commanded unto you4 ,let your love to life be love to your highest hope2 and let your highest hope be the highest thought of life6 ,your highest thought1 however1 ye shall have it commanded unto you by me--and it is this3 man is something that is to be surpassed4 ,so live your life of obedience and of war6 ,what matter about long life6 ,what warrior wisheth to be spared6 ,i spare you not1 ,i love you from my very heart1 my brethren in war6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xi4 ,,the ,,new ,,idol4 ,somewhere there are still peoples and herds1 but not with us1 my brethren3 here there are states4 ,a state8 ,what is that8 ,well6 open now your ears unto me1 for now will ,i say unto you my word concerning the death of peoples4 ,a state1 is called the coldest of all cold monsters4 ,coldly lieth it also2 and this lie creepeth from its mouth3 8,i1 the state1 am the people40 ,it is a lie6 ,creators were they who created peoples1 and hung a faith and a love over them3 thus they served life4 ,destroyers1 are they who lay snares for many1 and call it the state3 they hang a sword and a hundred cravings over them4 ,where there is still a people1 there the state is not understood1 but hated as the evil eye1 and as sin against laws and customs4 ,this sign ,i give unto you3 every people speaketh its language of good and evil3 this its neighbour understandeth not4 ,its language hath it devised for itself in laws and customs4 ,but the state lieth in all languages of good and evil2 and whatever it saith it lieth2 and whatever it hath it hath stolen4 ,false is everything in it2 with stolen teeth it biteth1 the biting one4 ,false are even its bowels4 ,confusion of language of good and evil2 this sign ,i give unto you as the sign of the state4 ,verily1 the will to death1 indicateth this sign6 ,verily1 it beckoneth unto the preachers of death6 ,many too many are born3 for the superfluous ones was the state devised6 ,see just how it enticeth them to it1 the many-too-many6 ,how it swalloweth and cheweth and recheweth them6 8,on earth there is nothing greater than ,i3 it is ,i who am the regulating finger of ,god0--thus roareth the monster4 ,and not only the long-eared and short-sighted fall upon their knees6 ,ah6 even in your ears1 ye great souls1 it whispereth its gloomy lies6 ,ah6 it findeth out the rich hearts which willingly lavish themselves6 ,yea1 it findeth you out too1 ye conquerors of the old ,god6 ,weary ye became of the conflict1 and now your weariness serveth the new idol6 ,heroes and honourable ones1 it would fain set up around it1 the new idol6 ,gladly it basketh in the sunshine of good consciences1--the cold monster6 ,everything will it give ,,you1 if ,,ye worship it1 the new idol3 thus it purchaseth the lustre of your virtue1 and the glance of your proud eyes4 ,it seeketh to allure by means of you1 the many-too-many6 ,yea1 a hellish artifice hath here been devised1 a death-horse jingling with the trappings of divine honours6 ,yea1 a dying for many hath here been devised1 which glorifieth itself as life3 verily1 a hearty service unto all preachers of death6 ,the state1 ,i call it1 where all are poison-drinkers1 the good and the bad3 the state1 where all lose themselves1 the good and the bad3 the state1 where the slow suicide of all--is called 8life40 ,just see these superfluous ones6 ,they steal the works of the inventors and the treasures of the wise4 ,culture1 they call their theft--and everything becometh sickness and trouble unto them6 ,just see these superfluous ones6 ,sick are they always2 they vomit their bile and call it a newspaper4 ,they devour one another1 and cannot even digest themselves4 ,just see these superfluous ones6 ,wealth they acquire and become poorer thereby4 ,power they seek for1 and above all1 the lever of power1 much money--these impotent ones6 ,see them clamber1 these nimble apes6 ,they clamber over one another1 and thus scuffle into the mud and the abyss4 ,towards the throne they all strive3 it is their madness--as if happiness sat on the throne6 ,ofttimes sitteth filth on the throne4--and ofttimes also the throne on filth4 ,madmen they all seem to me1 and clambering apes1 and too eager4 ,badly smelleth their idol to me1 the cold monster3 badly they all smell to me1 these idolaters4 ,my brethren1 will ye suffocate in the fumes of their maws and appetites6 ,better break the windows and jump into the open air6 ,do go out of the way of the bad odour6 ,withdraw from the idolatry of the superfluous6 ,do go out of the way of the bad odour6 ,withdraw from the steam of these human sacrifices6 ,open still remaineth the earth for great souls4 ,empty are still many sites for lone ones and twain ones1 around which floateth the odour of tranquil seas4 ,open still remaineth a free life for great souls4 ,verily1 he who possesseth little is so much the less possessed3 blessed be moderate poverty6 ,there1 where the state ceaseth--there only commenceth the man who is not superfluous3 there commenceth the song of the necessary ones1 the single and irreplaceable melody4 ,there1 where the state ,,ceaseth--pray look thither1 my brethren6 ,do ye not see it1 the rainbow and the bridges of the ,superman8-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xii4 ,,the ,,flies ,,in ,,the ,,market-,,place4 ,flee1 my friend1 into thy solitude6 ,i see thee deafened with the noise of the great men1 and stung all over with the stings of the little ones4 ,admirably do forest and rock know how to be silent with thee4 ,resemble again the tree which thou lovest1 the broad-branched one--silently and attentively it o'erhangeth the sea4 ,where solitude endeth1 there beginneth the market-place2 and where the market-place beginneth1 there beginneth also the noise of the great actors1 and the buzzing of the poison-flies4 ,in the world even the best things are worthless without those who represent them3 those representers1 the people call great men4 ,little do the people understand what is great--that is to say1 the creating agency4 ,but they have a taste for all representers and actors of great things4 ,around the devisers of new values revolveth the world3--invisibly it revolveth4 ,but around the actors revolve the people and the glory3 such is the course of things4 ,spirit1 hath the actor1 but little conscience of the spirit4 ,he believeth always in that wherewith he maketh believe most strongly--in ,,himself6 ,to-morrow he hath a new belief1 and the day after1 one still newer4 ,sharp perceptions hath he1 like the people1 and changeable humours4 ,to upset--that meaneth with him to prove4 ,to drive mad--that meaneth with him to convince4 ,and blood is counted by him as the best of all arguments4 ,a truth which only glideth into fine ears1 he calleth falsehood and trumpery4 ,verily1 he believeth only in ,gods that make a great noise in the world6 ,full of clattering buffoons is the market-place1--and the people glory in their great men6 ,these are for them the masters of the hour4 ,but the hour presseth them2 so they press thee4 ,and also from thee they want ,yea or ,nay4 ,alas6 thou wouldst set thy chair betwixt ,for and ,against8 ,on account of those absolute and impatient ones1 be not jealous1 thou lover of truth6 ,never yet did truth cling to the arm of an absolute one4 ,on account of those abrupt ones1 return into thy security3 only in the market-place is one assailed by ,yea8 or ,nay8 ,slow is the experience of all deep fountains3 long have they to wait until they know ,,what hath fallen into their depths4 ,away from the market-place and from fame taketh place all that is great3 away from the market-place and from fame have ever dwelt the devisers of new values4 ,flee1 my friend1 into thy solitude3 ,i see thee stung all over by the poisonous flies4 ,flee thither1 where a rough1 strong breeze bloweth6 ,flee into thy solitude6 ,thou hast lived too closely to the small and the pitiable4 ,flee from their invisible vengeance6 ,towards thee they have nothing but vengeance4 ,raise no longer an arm against them6 ,innumerable are they1 and it is not thy lot to be a fly-flap4 ,innumerable are the small and pitiable ones2 and of many a proud structure1 rain-drops and weeds have been the ruin4 ,thou art not stone2 but already hast thou become hollow by the numerous drops4 ,thou wilt yet break and burst by the numerous drops4 ,exhausted ,i see thee1 by poisonous flies2 bleeding ,i see thee1 and torn at a hundred spots2 and thy pride will not even upbraid4 ,blood they would have from thee in all innocence2 blood their bloodless souls crave for--and they sting1 therefore1 in all innocence4 ,but thou1 profound one1 thou sufferest too profoundly even from small wounds2 and ere thou hadst recovered1 the same poison-worm crawled over thy hand4 ,too proud art thou to kill these sweet-tooths4 ,but take care lest it be thy fate to suffer all their poisonous injustice6 ,they buzz around thee also with their praise3 obtrusiveness1 is their praise4 ,they want to be close to thy skin and thy blood4 ,they flatter thee1 as one flattereth a ,god or devil2 they whimper before thee1 as before a ,god or devil4 ,what doth it come to6 ,flatterers are they1 and whimperers1 and nothing more4 ,often1 also1 do they show themselves to thee as amiable ones4 ,but that hath ever been the prudence of the cowardly4 ,yea6 the cowardly are wise6 ,they think much about thee with their circumscribed souls--thou art always suspected by them6 ,whatever is much thought about is at last thought suspicious4 ,they punish thee for all thy virtues4 ,they pardon thee in their inmost hearts only--for thine errors4 ,because thou art gentle and of upright character1 thou sayest3 8,blameless are they for their small existence40 ,but their circumscribed souls think3 8,blamable is all great existence40 ,even when thou art gentle towards them1 they still feel themselves despised by thee2 and they repay thy beneficence with secret maleficence4 ,thy silent pride is always counter to their taste2 they rejoice if once thou be humble enough to be frivolous4 ,what we recognise in a man1 we also irritate in him4 ,therefore be on your guard against the small ones6 ,in thy presence they feel themselves small1 and their baseness gleameth and gloweth against thee in invisible vengeance4 ,sawest thou not how often they became dumb when thou approachedst them1 and how their energy left them like the smoke of an extinguishing fire8 ,yea1 my friend1 the bad conscience art thou of thy neighbours2 for they are unworthy of thee4 ,therefore they hate thee1 and would fain suck thy blood4 ,thy neighbours will always be poisonous flies2 what is great in thee--that itself must make them more poisonous1 and always more fly-like4 ,flee1 my friend1 into thy solitude--and thither1 where a rough strong breeze bloweth4 ,it is not thy lot to be a fly-flap4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xiii4 ,,chastity4 ,i love the forest4 ,it is bad to live in cities3 there1 there are too many of the lustful4 ,is it not better to fall into the hands of a murderer1 than into the dreams of a lustful woman8 ,and just look at these men3 their eye saith it--they know nothing better on earth than to lie with a woman4 ,filth is at the bottom of their souls2 and alas6 if their filth hath still spirit in it6 ,would that ye were perfect--at least as animals6 ,but to animals belongeth innocence4 ,do ,i counsel you to slay your instincts8 ,i counsel you to innocence in your instincts4 ,do ,i counsel you to chastity8 ,chastity is a virtue with some1 but with many almost a vice4 ,these are continent1 to be sure3 but doggish lust looketh enviously out of all that they do4 ,even into the heights of their virtue and into their cold spirit doth this creature follow them1 with its discord4 ,and how nicely can doggish lust beg for a piece of spirit1 when a piece of flesh is denied it6 ,ye love tragedies and all that breaketh the heart8 ,but ,i am distrustful of your doggish lust4 ,ye have too cruel eyes1 and ye look wantonly towards the sufferers4 ,hath not your lust just disguised itself and taken the name of fellow-suffering8 ,and also this parable give ,i unto you3 ,not a few who meant to cast out their devil1 went thereby into the swine themselves4 ,to whom chastity is difficult1 it is to be dissuaded3 lest it become the road to hell--to filth and lust of soul4 ,do ,i speak of filthy things8 ,that is not the worst thing for me to do4 ,not when the truth is filthy1 but when it is shallow1 doth the discerning one go unwillingly into its waters4 ,verily1 there are chaste ones from their very nature2 they are gentler of heart1 and laugh better and oftener than you4 ,they laugh also at chastity1 and ask3 8,what is chastity8 ,is chastity not folly8 ,but the folly came unto us1 and not we unto it4 ,we offered that guest harbour and heart3 now it dwelleth with us--let it stay as long as it will60-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xiv4 ,,the ,,friend4 8,one1 is always too many about me0--thinketh the anchorite4 8,always once one--that maketh two in the long run60 ,i and me are always too earnestly in conversation3 how could it be endured1 if there were not a friend8 ,the friend of the anchorite is always the third one3 the third one is the cork which preventeth the conversation of the two sinking into the depth4 ,ah6 there are too many depths for all anchorites4 ,therefore1 do they long so much for a friend1 and for his elevation4 ,our faith in others betrayeth wherein we would fain have faith in ourselves4 ,our longing for a friend is our betrayer4 ,and often with our love we want merely to overleap envy4 ,and often we attack and make ourselves enemies1 to conceal that we are vulnerable4 8,be at least mine enemy60--thus speaketh the true reverence1 which doth not venture to solicit friendship4 ,if one would have a friend1 then must one also be willing to wage war for him3 and in order to wage war1 one must be ,,capable of being an enemy4 ,one ought still to honour the enemy in one's friend4 ,canst thou go nigh unto thy friend1 and not go over to him8 ,in one's friend one shall have one's best enemy4 ,thou shalt be closest unto him with thy heart when thou withstandest him4 ,thou wouldst wear no raiment before thy friend8 ,it is in honour of thy friend that thou showest thyself to him as thou art8 ,but he wisheth thee to the devil on that account6 ,he who maketh no secret of himself shocketh3 so much reason have ye to fear nakedness6 ,aye1 if ye were ,gods1 ye could then be ashamed of clothing6 ,thou canst not adorn thyself fine enough for thy friend2 for thou shalt be unto him an arrow and a longing for the ,superman4 ,sawest thou ever thy friend asleep--to know how he looketh8 ,what is usually the countenance of thy friend8 ,it is thine own countenance1 in a coarse and imperfect mirror4 ,sawest thou ever thy friend asleep8 ,wert thou not dismayed at thy friend looking so8 ,o my friend1 man is something that hath to be surpassed4 ,in divining and keeping silence shall the friend be a master3 not everything must thou wish to see4 ,thy dream shall disclose unto thee what thy friend doeth when awake4 ,let thy pity be a divining3 to know first if thy friend wanteth pity4 ,perhaps he loveth in thee the unmoved eye1 and the look of eternity4 ,let thy pity for thy friend be hid under a hard shell2 thou shalt bite out a tooth upon it4 ,thus will it have delicacy and sweetness4 ,art thou pure air and solitude and bread and medicine to thy friend8 ,many a one cannot loosen his own fetters1 but is nevertheless his friend's emancipator4 ,art thou a slave8 ,then thou canst not be a friend4 ,art thou a tyrant8 ,then thou canst not have friends4 ,far too long hath there been a slave and a tyrant concealed in woman4 ,on that account woman is not yet capable of friendship3 she knoweth only love4 ,in woman's love there is injustice and blindness to all she doth not love4 ,and even in woman's conscious love1 there is still always surprise and lightning and night1 along with the light4 ,as yet woman is not capable of friendship3 women are still cats1 and birds4 ,or at the best1 cows4 ,as yet woman is not capable of friendship4 ,but tell me1 ye men1 who of you are capable of friendship8 ,oh6 your poverty1 ye men1 and your sordidness of soul6 ,as much as ye give to your friend1 will ,i give even to my foe1 and will not have become poorer thereby4 ,there is comradeship3 may there be friendship6 ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xv4 ,,the ,,thousand ,,and ,,one ,,goals4 ,many lands saw ,zarathustra1 and many peoples3 thus he discovered the good and bad of many peoples4 ,no greater power did ,zarathustra find on earth than good and bad4 ,no people could live without first valuing2 if a people will maintain itself1 however1 it must not value as its neighbour valueth4 ,much that passed for good with one people was regarded with scorn and contempt by another3 thus ,i found it4 ,much found ,i here called bad1 which was there decked with purple honours4 ,never did the one neighbour understand the other3 ever did his soul marvel at his neighbour's delusion and wickedness4 ,a table of excellencies hangeth over every people4 ,lo6 it is the table of their triumphs2 lo6 it is the voice of their ,will to ,power4 ,it is laudable1 what they think hard2 what is indispensable and hard they call good2 and what relieveth in the direst distress1 the unique and hardest of all1--they extol as holy4 ,whatever maketh them rule and conquer and shine1 to the dismay and envy of their neighbours1 they regard as the high and foremost thing1 the test and the meaning of all else4 ,verily1 my brother1 if thou knewest but a people's need1 its land1 its sky1 and its neighbour1 then wouldst thou divine the law of its surmountings1 and why it climbeth up that ladder to its hope4 8,always shalt thou be the foremost and prominent above others3 no one shall thy jealous soul love1 except a friend0--that made the soul of a ,greek thrill3 thereby went he his way to greatness4 8,to speak truth1 and be skilful with bow and arrow0--so seemed it alike pleasing and hard to the people from whom cometh my name--the name which is alike pleasing and hard to me4 8,to honour father and mother1 and from the root of the soul to do their will0--this table of surmounting hung another people over them1 and became powerful and permanent thereby4 8,to have fidelity1 and for the sake of fidelity to risk honour and blood1 even in evil and dangerous courses0--teaching itself so1 another people mastered itself1 and thus mastering itself1 became pregnant and heavy with great hopes4 ,verily1 men have given unto themselves all their good and bad4 ,verily1 they took it not1 they found it not1 it came not unto them as a voice from heaven4 ,values did man only assign to things in order to maintain himself--he created only the significance of things1 a human significance6 ,therefore1 calleth he himself 8man10 that is1 the valuator4 ,valuing is creating3 hear it1 ye creating ones6 ,valuation itself is the treasure and jewel of the valued things4 ,through valuation only is there value2 and without valuation the nut of existence would be hollow4 ,hear it1 ye creating ones6 ,change of values--that is1 change of the creating ones4 ,always doth he destroy who hath to be a creator4 ,creating ones were first of all peoples1 and only in late times individuals2 verily1 the individual himself is still the latest creation4 ,peoples once hung over them tables of the good4 ,love which would rule and love which would obey1 created for themselves such tables4 ,older is the pleasure in the herd than the pleasure in the ego3 and as long as the good conscience is for the herd1 the bad conscience only saith3 ego4 ,verily1 the crafty ego1 the loveless one1 that seeketh its advantage in the advantage of many--it is not the origin of the herd1 but its ruin4 ,loving ones1 was it always1 and creating ones1 that created good and bad4 ,fire of love gloweth in the names of all the virtues1 and fire of wrath4 ,many lands saw ,zarathustra1 and many peoples3 no greater power did ,zarathustra find on earth than the creations of the loving ones--8good0 and 8bad0 are they called4 ,verily1 a prodigy is this power of praising and blaming4 ,tell me1 ye brethren1 who will master it for me8 ,who will put a fetter upon the thousand necks of this animal8 ,a thousand goals have there been hitherto1 for a thousand peoples have there been4 ,only the fetter for the thousand necks is still lacking2 there is lacking the one goal4 ,as yet humanity hath not a goal4 ,but pray tell me1 my brethren1 if the goal of humanity be still lacking1 is there not also still lacking--humanity itself8-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xvi4 ,,neighbour-,,love4 ,ye crowd around your neighbour1 and have fine words for it4 ,but ,i say unto you3 your neighbour-love is your bad love of yourselves4 ,ye flee unto your neighbour from yourselves1 and would fain make a virtue thereof3 but ,i fathom your 8unselfishness40 ,the ,,thou is older than the ,i2 the ,,thou hath been consecrated1 but not yet the ,i3 so man presseth nigh unto his neighbour4 ,do ,i advise you to neighbour-love8 ,rather do ,i advise you to neighbour-flight and to furthest love6 ,higher than love to your neighbour is love to the furthest and future ones2 higher still than love to men1 is love to things and phantoms4 ,the phantom that runneth on before thee1 my brother1 is fairer than thou2 why dost thou not give unto it thy flesh and thy bones8 ,but thou fearest1 and runnest unto thy neighbour4 ,ye cannot endure it with yourselves1 and do not love yourselves sufficiently3 so ye seek to mislead your neighbour into love1 and would fain gild yourselves with his error4 ,would that ye could not endure it with any kind of near ones1 or their neighbours2 then would ye have to create your friend and his overflowing heart out of yourselves4 ,ye call in a witness when ye want to speak well of yourselves2 and when ye have misled him to think well of you1 ye also think well of yourselves4 ,not only doth he lie1 who speaketh contrary to his knowledge1 but more so1 he who speaketh contrary to his ignorance4 ,and thus speak ye of yourselves in your intercourse1 and belie your neighbour with yourselves4 ,thus saith the fool3 8,association with men spoileth the character1 especially when one hath none40 ,the one goeth to his neighbour because he seeketh himself1 and the other because he would fain lose himself4 ,your bad love to yourselves maketh solitude a prison to you4 ,the furthest ones are they who pay for your love to the near ones2 and when there are but five of you together1 a sixth must always die4 ,i love not your festivals either3 too many actors found ,i there1 and even the spectators often behaved like actors4 ,not the neighbour do ,i teach you1 but the friend4 ,let the friend be the festival of the earth to you1 and a foretaste of the ,superman4 ,i teach you the friend and his overflowing heart4 ,but one must know how to be a sponge1 if one would be loved by overflowing hearts4 ,i teach you the friend in whom the world standeth complete1 a capsule of the good1--the creating friend1 who hath always a complete world to bestow4 ,and as the world unrolled itself for him1 so rolleth it together again for him in rings1 as the growth of good through evil1 as the growth of purpose out of chance4 ,let the future and the furthest be the motive of thy to-day2 in thy friend shalt thou love the ,superman as thy motive4 ,my brethren1 ,i advise you not to neighbour-love--,i advise you to furthest love6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xvii4 ,,the ,,way ,,of ,,the ,,creating ,,one4 ,wouldst thou go into isolation1 my brother8 ,wouldst thou seek the way unto thyself8 ,tarry yet a little and hearken unto me4 8,he who seeketh may easily get lost himself4 ,all isolation is wrong03 so say the herd4 ,and long didst thou belong to the herd4 ,the voice of the herd will still echo in thee4 ,and when thou sayest1 8,i have no longer a conscience in common with you10 then will it be a plaint and a pain4 ,lo1 that pain itself did the same conscience produce2 and the last gleam of that conscience still gloweth on thine affliction4 ,but thou wouldst go the way of thine affliction1 which is the way unto thyself8 ,then show me thine authority and thy strength to do so6 ,art thou a new strength and a new authority8 ,a first motion8 ,a self-rolling wheel8 ,canst thou also compel stars to revolve around thee8 ,alas6 there is so much lusting for loftiness6 ,there are so many convulsions of the ambitions6 ,show me that thou art not a lusting and ambitious one6 ,alas6 there are so many great thoughts that do nothing more than the bellows3 they inflate1 and make emptier than ever4 ,free1 dost thou call thyself8 ,thy ruling thought would ,i hear of1 and not that thou hast escaped from a yoke4 ,art thou one ,,entitled to escape from a yoke8 ,many a one hath cast away his final worth when he hath cast away his servitude4 ,free from what8 ,what doth that matter to ,zarathustra6 ,clearly1 however1 shall thine eye show unto me3 free ,,for ,,what8 ,canst thou give unto thyself thy bad and thy good1 and set up thy will as a law over thee8 ,canst thou be judge for thyself1 and avenger of thy law8 ,terrible is aloneness with the judge and avenger of one's own law4 ,thus is a star projected into desert space1 and into the icy breath of aloneness4 ,to-day sufferest thou still from the multitude1 thou individual2 to-day hast thou still thy courage unabated1 and thy hopes4 ,but one day will the solitude weary thee2 one day will thy pride yield1 and thy courage quail4 ,thou wilt one day cry3 8,i am alone60 ,one day wilt thou see no longer thy loftiness1 and see too closely thy lowliness2 thy sublimity itself will frighten thee as a phantom4 ,thou wilt one day cry3 8,all is false60 ,there are feelings which seek to slay the lonesome one2 if they do not succeed1 then must they themselves die6 ,but art thou capable of it--to be a murderer8 ,hast thou ever known1 my brother1 the word 8disdain08 ,and the anguish of thy justice in being just to those that disdain thee8 ,thou forcest many to think differently about thee2 that1 charge they heavily to thine account4 ,thou camest nigh unto them1 and yet wentest past3 for that they never forgive thee4 ,thou goest beyond them3 but the higher thou risest1 the smaller doth the eye of envy see thee4 ,most of all1 however1 is the flying one hated4 8,how could ye be just unto me60--must thou say--8,i choose your injustice as my allotted portion40 ,injustice and filth cast they at the lonesome one3 but1 my brother1 if thou wouldst be a star1 thou must shine for them none the less on that account6 ,and be on thy guard against the good and just6 ,they would fain crucify those who devise their own virtue--they hate the lonesome ones4 ,be on thy guard1 also1 against holy simplicity6 ,all is unholy to it that is not simple2 fain1 likewise1 would it play with the fire--of the fagot and stake4 ,and be on thy guard1 also1 against the assaults of thy love6 ,too readily doth the recluse reach his hand to any one who meeteth him4 ,to many a one mayest thou not give thy hand1 but only thy paw2 and ,i wish thy paw also to have claws4 ,but the worst enemy thou canst meet1 wilt thou thyself always be2 thou waylayest thyself in caverns and forests4 ,thou lonesome one1 thou goest the way to thyself6 ,and past thyself and thy seven devils leadeth thy way6 ,a heretic wilt thou be to thyself1 and a wizard and a soothsayer1 and a fool1 and a doubter1 and a reprobate1 and a villain4 ,ready must thou be to burn thyself in thine own flame2 how couldst thou become new if thou have not first become ashes6 ,thou lonesome one1 thou goest the way of the creating one3 a ,god wilt thou create for thyself out of thy seven devils6 ,thou lonesome one1 thou goest the way of the loving one3 thou lovest thyself1 and on that account despisest thou thyself1 as only the loving ones despise4 ,to create1 desireth the loving one1 because he despiseth6 ,what knoweth he of love who hath not been obliged to despise just what he loved6 ,with thy love1 go into thine isolation1 my brother1 and with thy creating2 and late only will justice limp after thee4 ,with my tears1 go into thine isolation1 my brother4 ,i love him who seeketh to create beyond himself1 and thus succumbeth4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xviii4 ,,old ,,and ,,young ,,women4 8,why stealest thou along so furtively in the twilight1 ,zarathustra8 ,and what hidest thou so carefully under thy mantle8 ,is it a treasure that hath been given thee8 ,or a child that hath been born thee8 ,or goest thou thyself on a thief's errand1 thou friend of the evil80-- ,verily1 my brother1 said ,zarathustra1 it is a treasure that hath been given me3 it is a little truth which ,i carry4 ,but it is naughty1 like a young child2 and if ,i hold not its mouth1 it screameth too loudly4 ,as ,i went on my way alone to-day1 at the hour when the sun declineth1 there met me an old woman1 and she spake thus unto my soul3 8,much hath ,zarathustra spoken also to us women1 but never spake he unto us concerning woman40 ,and ,i answered her3 8,concerning woman1 one should only talk unto men40 8,talk also unto me of woman10 said she2 8,i am old enough to forget it presently40 ,and ,i obliged the old woman and spake thus unto her3 ,everything in woman is a riddle1 and everything in woman hath one solution--it is called pregnancy4 ,man is for woman a means3 the purpose is always the child4 ,but what is woman for man8 ,two different things wanteth the true man3 danger and diversion4 ,therefore wanteth he woman1 as the most dangerous plaything4 ,man shall be trained for war1 and woman for the recreation of the warrior3 all else is folly4 ,too sweet fruits--these the warrior liketh not4 ,therefore liketh he woman2--bitter is even the sweetest woman4 ,better than man doth woman understand children1 but man is more childish than woman4 ,in the true man there is a child hidden3 it wanteth to play4 ,up then1 ye women1 and discover the child in man6 ,a plaything let woman be1 pure and fine like the precious stone1 illumined with the virtues of a world not yet come4 ,let the beam of a star shine in your love6 ,let your hope say3 8,may ,i bear the ,superman60 ,in your love let there be valour6 ,with your love shall ye assail him who inspireth you with fear6 ,in your love be your honour6 ,little doth woman understand otherwise about honour4 ,but let this be your honour3 always to love more than ye are loved1 and never be the second4 ,let man fear woman when she loveth3 then maketh she every sacrifice1 and everything else she regardeth as worthless4 ,let man fear woman when she hateth3 for man in his innermost soul is merely evil2 woman1 however1 is mean4 ,whom hateth woman most8--,thus spake the iron to the loadstone3 8,i hate thee most1 because thou attractest1 but art too weak to draw unto thee40 ,the happiness of man is1 8,i will40 ,the happiness of woman is1 8,he will40 8,lo6 now hath the world become perfect60--thus thinketh every woman when she obeyeth with all her love4 ,obey1 must the woman1 and find a depth for her surface4 ,surface1 is woman's soul1 a mobile1 stormy film on shallow water4 ,man's soul1 however1 is deep1 its current gusheth in subterranean caverns3 woman surmiseth its force1 but comprehendeth it not4-- ,then answered me the old woman3 8,many fine things hath ,zarathustra said1 especially for those who are young enough for them4 ,strange6 ,zarathustra knoweth little about woman1 and yet he is right about them6 ,doth this happen1 because with women nothing is impossible8 ,and now accept a little truth by way of thanks6 ,i am old enough for it6 ,swaddle it up and hold its mouth3 otherwise it will scream too loudly1 the little truth40 8,give me1 woman1 thy little truth60 said ,i4 ,and thus spake the old woman3 8,thou goest to women8 ,do not forget thy whip60-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xix4 ,,the ,,bite ,,of ,,the ,,adder4 ,one day had ,zarathustra fallen asleep under a fig-tree1 owing to the heat1 with his arms over his face4 ,and there came an adder and bit him in the neck1 so that ,zarathustra screamed with pain4 ,when he had taken his arm from his face he looked at the serpent2 and then did it recognise the eyes of ,zarathustra1 wriggled awkwardly1 and tried to get away4 8,not at all10 said ,zarathustra1 8as yet hast thou not received my thanks6 ,thou hast awakened me in time2 my journey is yet long40 8,thy journey is short10 said the adder sadly2 8my poison is fatal40 ,zarathustra smiled4 8,when did ever a dragon die of a serpent's poison80--said he4 8,but take thy poison back6 ,thou art not rich enough to present it to me40 ,then fell the adder again on his neck1 and licked his wound4 ,when ,zarathustra once told this to his disciples they asked him3 8,and what1 ,o ,zarathustra1 is the moral of thy story80 ,and ,zarathustra answered them thus3 ,the destroyer of morality1 the good and just call me3 my story is immoral4 ,when1 however1 ye have an enemy1 then return him not good for evil3 for that would abash him4 ,but prove that he hath done something good to you4 ,and rather be angry than abash any one6 ,and when ye are cursed1 it pleaseth me not that ye should then desire to bless4 ,rather curse a little also6 ,and should a great injustice befall you1 then do quickly five small ones besides4 ,hideous to behold is he on whom injustice presseth alone4 ,did ye ever know this8 ,shared injustice is half justice4 ,and he who can bear it1 shall take the injustice upon himself6 ,a small revenge is humaner than no revenge at all4 ,and if the punishment be not also a right and an honour to the transgressor1 ,i do not like your punishing4 ,nobler is it to own oneself in the wrong than to establish one's right1 especially if one be in the right4 ,only1 one must be rich enough to do so4 ,i do not like your cold justice2 out of the eye of your judges there always glanceth the executioner and his cold steel4 ,tell me3 where find we justice1 which is love with seeing eyes8 ,devise me1 then1 the love which not only beareth all punishment1 but also all guilt6 ,devise me1 then1 the justice which acquitteth every one except the judge6 ,and would ye hear this likewise8 ,to him who seeketh to be just from the heart1 even the lie becometh philanthropy4 ,but how could ,i be just from the heart6 ,how can ,i give every one his own6 ,let this be enough for me3 ,i give unto every one mine own4 ,finally1 my brethren1 guard against doing wrong to any anchorite4 ,how could an anchorite forget6 ,how could he requite6 ,like a deep well is an anchorite4 ,easy is it to throw in a stone3 if it should sink to the bottom1 however1 tell me1 who will bring it out again8 ,guard against injuring the anchorite6 ,if ye have done so1 however1 well then1 kill him also6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xx4 ,,child ,,and ,,marriage4 ,i have a question for thee alone1 my brother3 like a sounding-lead1 cast ,i this question into thy soul1 that ,i may know its depth4 ,thou art young1 and desirest child and marriage4 ,but ,i ask thee3 ,art thou a man ,,entitled to desire a child8 ,art thou the victorious one1 the self-conqueror1 the ruler of thy passions1 the master of thy virtues8 ,thus do ,i ask thee4 ,or doth the animal speak in thy wish1 and necessity8 ,or isolation8 ,or discord in thee8 ,i would have thy victory and freedom long for a child4 ,living monuments shalt thou build to thy victory and emancipation4 ,beyond thyself shalt thou build4 ,but first of all must thou be built thyself1 rectangular in body and soul4 ,not only onward shalt thou propagate thyself1 but upward6 ,for that purpose may the garden of marriage help thee6 ,a higher body shalt thou create1 a first movement1 a spontaneously rolling wheel--a creating one shalt thou create4 ,marriage3 so call ,i the will of the twain to create the one that is more than those who created it4 ,the reverence for one another1 as those exercising such a will1 call ,i marriage4 ,let this be the significance and the truth of thy marriage4 ,but that which the many-too-many call marriage1 those superfluous ones--ah1 what shall ,i call it8 ,ah1 the poverty of soul in the twain6 ,ah1 the filth of soul in the twain6 ,ah1 the pitiable self-complacency in the twain6 ,marriage they call it all2 and they say their marriages are made in heaven4 ,well1 ,i do not like it1 that heaven of the superfluous6 ,no1 ,i do not like them1 those animals tangled in the heavenly toils6 ,far from me also be the ,god who limpeth thither to bless what he hath not matched6 ,laugh not at such marriages6 ,what child hath not had reason to weep over its parents8 ,worthy did this man seem1 and ripe for the meaning of the earth3 but when ,i saw his wife1 the earth seemed to me a home for madcaps4 ,yea1 ,i would that the earth shook with convulsions when a saint and a goose mate with one another4 ,this one went forth in quest of truth as a hero1 and at last got for himself a small decked-up lie3 his marriage he calleth it4 ,that one was reserved in intercourse and chose choicely4 ,but one time he spoilt his company for all time3 his marriage he calleth it4 ,another sought a handmaid with the virtues of an angel4 ,but all at once he became the handmaid of a woman1 and now would he need also to become an angel4 ,careful1 have ,i found all buyers1 and all of them have astute eyes4 ,but even the astutest of them buyeth his wife in a sack4 ,many short follies--that is called love by you4 ,and your marriage putteth an end to many short follies1 with one long stupidity4 ,your love to woman1 and woman's love to man--ah1 would that it were sympathy for suffering and veiled deities6 ,but generally two animals alight on one another4 ,but even your best love is only an enraptured simile and a painful ardour4 ,it is a torch to light you to loftier paths4 ,beyond yourselves shall ye love some day6 ,then ,,learn first of all to love4 ,and on that account ye had to drink the bitter cup of your love4 ,bitterness is in the cup even of the best love3 thus doth it cause longing for the ,superman2 thus doth it cause thirst in thee1 the creating one6 ,thirst in the creating one1 arrow and longing for the ,superman3 tell me1 my brother1 is this thy will to marriage8 ,holy call ,i such a will1 and such a marriage4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxi4 ,,voluntary ,,death4 ,many die too late1 and some die too early4 ,yet strange soundeth the precept3 8,die at the right time60 ,die at the right time3 so teacheth ,zarathustra4 ,to be sure1 he who never liveth at the right time1 how could he ever die at the right time8 ,would that he might never be born6--,thus do ,i advise the superfluous ones4 ,but even the superfluous ones make much ado about their death1 and even the hollowest nut wanteth to be cracked4 ,every one regardeth dying as a great matter3 but as yet death is not a festival4 ,not yet have people learned to inaugurate the finest festivals4 ,the consummating death ,i show unto you1 which becometh a stimulus and promise to the living4 ,his death1 dieth the consummating one triumphantly1 surrounded by hoping and promising ones4 ,thus should one learn to die2 and there should be no festival at which such a dying one doth not consecrate the oaths of the living6 ,thus to die is best2 the next best1 however1 is to die in battle1 and sacrifice a great soul4 ,but to the fighter equally hateful as to the victor1 is your grinning death which stealeth nigh like a thief1--and yet cometh as master4 ,my death1 praise ,i unto you1 the voluntary death1 which cometh unto me because ,i want it4 ,and when shall ,i want it8--,he that hath a goal and an heir1 wanteth death at the right time for the goal and the heir4 ,and out of reverence for the goal and the heir1 he will hang up no more withered wreaths in the sanctuary of life4 ,verily1 not the rope-makers will ,i resemble3 they lengthen out their cord1 and thereby go ever backward4 ,many a one1 also1 waxeth too old for his truths and triumphs2 a toothless mouth hath no longer the right to every truth4 ,and whoever wanteth to have fame1 must take leave of honour betimes1 and practise the difficult art of--going at the right time4 ,one must discontinue being feasted upon when one tasteth best3 that is known by those who want to be long loved4 ,sour apples are there1 no doubt1 whose lot is to wait until the last day of autumn3 and at the same time they become ripe1 yellow1 and shrivelled4 ,in some ageth the heart first1 and in others the spirit4 ,and some are hoary in youth1 but the late young keep long young4 ,to many men life is a failure2 a poison-worm gnaweth at their heart4 ,then let them see to it that their dying is all the more a success4 ,many never become sweet2 they rot even in the summer4 ,it is cowardice that holdeth them fast to their branches4 ,far too many live1 and far too long hang they on their branches4 ,would that a storm came and shook all this rottenness and worm-eatenness from the tree6 ,would that there came preachers of ,,speedy death6 ,those would be the appropriate storms and agitators of the trees of life6 ,but ,i hear only slow death preached1 and patience with all that is 8earthly40 ,ah6 ye preach patience with what is earthly8 ,this earthly is it that hath too much patience with you1 ye blasphemers6 ,verily1 too early died that ,hebrew whom the preachers of slow death honour3 and to many hath it proved a calamity that he died too early4 ,as yet had he known only tears1 and the melancholy of the ,hebrews1 together with the hatred of the good and just--the ,hebrew ,jesus3 then was he seized with the longing for death4 ,had he but remained in the wilderness1 and far from the good and just6 ,then1 perhaps1 would he have learned to live1 and love the earth--and laughter also6 ,believe it1 my brethren6 ,he died too early2 he himself would have disavowed his doctrine had he attained to my age6 ,noble enough was he to disavow6 ,but he was still immature4 ,immaturely loveth the youth1 and immaturely also hateth he man and earth4 ,confined and awkward are still his soul and the wings of his spirit4 ,but in man there is more of the child than in the youth1 and less of melancholy3 better understandeth he about life and death4 ,free for death1 and free in death2 a holy ,naysayer1 when there is no longer time for ,yea3 thus understandeth he about death and life4 ,that your dying may not be a reproach to man and the earth1 my friends3 that do ,i solicit from the honey of your soul4 ,in your dying shall your spirit and your virtue still shine like an evening after-glow around the earth3 otherwise your dying hath been unsatisfactory4 ,thus will ,i die myself1 that ye friends may love the earth more for my sake2 and earth will ,i again become1 to have rest in her that bore me4 ,verily1 a goal had ,zarathustra2 he threw his ball4 ,now be ye friends the heirs of my goal2 to you throw ,i the golden ball4 ,best of all1 do ,i see you1 my friends1 throw the golden ball6 ,and so tarry ,i still a little while on the earth--pardon me for it6 ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxii4 ,,the ,,bestowing ,,virtue4 #a4 ,when ,zarathustra had taken leave of the town to which his heart was attached1 the name of which is 8,the ,pied ,cow10 there followed him many people who called themselves his disciples1 and kept him company4 ,thus came they to a crossroad4 ,then ,zarathustra told them that he now wanted to go alone2 for he was fond of going alone4 ,his disciples1 however1 presented him at his departure with a staff1 on the golden handle of which a serpent twined round the sun4 ,zarathustra rejoiced on account of the staff1 and supported himself thereon2 then spake he thus to his disciples3 ,tell me1 pray3 how came gold to the highest value8 ,because it is uncommon1 and unprofiting1 and beaming1 and soft in lustre2 it always bestoweth itself4 ,only as image of the highest virtue came gold to the highest value4 ,goldlike1 beameth the glance of the bestower4 ,gold-lustre maketh peace between moon and sun4 ,uncommon is the highest virtue1 and unprofiting1 beaming is it1 and soft of lustre3 a bestowing virtue is the highest virtue4 ,verily1 ,i divine you well1 my disciples3 ye strive like me for the bestowing virtue4 ,what should ye have in common with cats and wolves8 ,it is your thirst to become sacrifices and gifts yourselves3 and therefore have ye the thirst to accumulate all riches in your soul4 ,insatiably striveth your soul for treasures and jewels1 because your virtue is insatiable in desiring to bestow4 ,ye constrain all things to flow towards you and into you1 so that they shall flow back again out of your fountain as the gifts of your love4 ,verily1 an appropriator of all values must such bestowing love become2 but healthy and holy1 call ,i this selfishness4-- ,another selfishness is there1 an all-too-poor and hungry kind1 which would always steal--the selfishness of the sick1 the sickly selfishness4 ,with the eye of the thief it looketh upon all that is lustrous2 with the craving of hunger it measureth him who hath abundance2 and ever doth it prowl round the tables of bestowers4 ,sickness speaketh in such craving1 and invisible degeneration2 of a sickly body1 speaketh the larcenous craving of this selfishness4 ,tell me1 my brother1 what do we think bad1 and worst of all8 ,is it not ,,degeneration8--,and we always suspect degeneration when the bestowing soul is lacking4 ,upward goeth our course from genera on to super-genera4 ,but a horror to us is the degenerating sense1 which saith3 8,all for myself40 ,upward soareth our sense3 thus is it a simile of our body1 a simile of an elevation4 ,such similes of elevations are the names of the virtues4 ,thus goeth the body through history1 a becomer and fighter4 ,and the spirit--what is it to the body8 ,its fights' and victories' herald1 its companion and echo4 ,similes1 are all names of good and evil2 they do not speak out1 they only hint4 ,a fool who seeketh knowledge from them6 ,give heed1 my brethren1 to every hour when your spirit would speak in similes3 there is the origin of your virtue4 ,elevated is then your body1 and raised up2 with its delight1 enraptureth it the spirit2 so that it becometh creator1 and valuer1 and lover1 and everything's benefactor4 ,when your heart overfloweth broad and full like the river1 a blessing and a danger to the lowlanders3 there is the origin of your virtue4 ,when ye are exalted above praise and blame1 and your will would command all things1 as a loving one's will3 there is the origin of your virtue4 ,when ye despise pleasant things1 and the effeminate couch1 and cannot couch far enough from the effeminate3 there is the origin of your virtue4 ,when ye are willers of one will1 and when that change of every need is needful to you3 there is the origin of your virtue4 ,verily1 a new good and evil is it6 ,verily1 a new deep murmuring1 and the voice of a new fountain6 ,power is it1 this new virtue2 a ruling thought is it1 and around it a subtle soul3 a golden sun1 with the serpent of knowledge around it4 #b4 ,here paused ,zarathustra awhile1 and looked lovingly on his disciples4 ,then he continued to speak thus--and his voice had changed3 ,remain true to the earth1 my brethren1 with the power of your virtue6 ,let your bestowing love and your knowledge be devoted to be the meaning of the earth6 ,thus do ,i pray and conjure you4 ,let it not fly away from the earthly and beat against eternal walls with its wings6 ,ah1 there hath always been so much flown-away virtue6 ,lead1 like me1 the flown-away virtue back to the earth--yea1 back to body and life3 that it may give to the earth its meaning1 a human meaning6 ,a hundred times hitherto hath spirit as well as virtue flown away and blundered4 ,alas6 in our body dwelleth still all this delusion and blundering3 body and will hath it there become4 ,a hundred times hitherto hath spirit as well as virtue attempted and erred4 ,yea1 an attempt hath man been4 ,alas1 much ignorance and error hath become embodied in us6 ,not only the rationality of millenniums--also their madness1 breaketh out in us4 ,dangerous is it to be an heir4 ,still fight we step by step with the giant ,chance1 and over all mankind hath hitherto ruled nonsense1 the lack-of-sense4 ,let your spirit and your virtue be devoted to the sense of the earth1 my brethren3 let the value of everything be determined anew by you6 ,therefore shall ye be fighters6 ,therefore shall ye be creators6 ,intelligently doth the body purify itself2 attempting with intelligence it exalteth itself2 to the discerners all impulses sanctify themselves2 to the exalted the soul becometh joyful4 ,physician1 heal thyself3 then wilt thou also heal thy patient4 ,let it be his best cure to see with his eyes him who maketh himself whole4 ,a thousand paths are there which have never yet been trodden2 a thousand salubrities and hidden islands of life4 ,unexhausted and undiscovered is still man and man's world4 ,awake and hearken1 ye lonesome ones6 ,from the future come winds with stealthy pinions1 and to fine ears good tidings are proclaimed4 ,ye lonesome ones of to-day1 ye seceding ones1 ye shall one day be a people3 out of you who have chosen yourselves1 shall a chosen people arise3--and out of it the ,superman4 ,verily1 a place of healing shall the earth become6 ,and already is a new odour diffused around it1 a salvation-bringing odour--and a new hope6 #c4 ,when ,zarathustra had spoken these words1 he paused1 like one who had not said his last word2 and long did he balance the staff doubtfully in his hand4 ,at last he spake thus--and his voice had changed3 ,i now go alone1 my disciples6 ,ye also now go away1 and alone6 ,so will ,i have it4 ,verily1 ,i advise you3 depart from me1 and guard yourselves against ,zarathustra6 ,and better still3 be ashamed of him6 ,perhaps he hath deceived you4 ,the man of knowledge must be able not only to love his enemies1 but also to hate his friends4 ,one requiteth a teacher badly if one remain merely a scholar4 ,and why will ye not pluck at my wreath8 ,ye venerate me2 but what if your veneration should some day collapse8 ,take heed lest a statue crush you6 ,ye say1 ye believe in ,zarathustra8 ,but of what account is ,zarathustra6 ,ye are my believers3 but of what account are all believers6 ,ye had not yet sought yourselves3 then did ye find me4 ,so do all believers2 therefore all belief is of so little account4 ,now do ,i bid you lose me and find yourselves2 and only when ye have all denied me1 will ,i return unto you4 ,verily1 with other eyes1 my brethren1 shall ,i then seek my lost ones2 with another love shall ,i then love you4 ,and once again shall ye have become friends unto me1 and children of one hope3 then will ,i be with you for the third time1 to celebrate the great noontide with you4 ,and it is the great noontide1 when man is in the middle of his course between animal and ,superman1 and celebrateth his advance to the evening as his highest hope3 for it is the advance to a new morning4 ,at such time will the down-goer bless himself1 that he should be an over-goer2 and the sun of his knowledge will be at noontide4 8,,dead ,,are ,,all ,,the ,,gods3 ,,now ,,do ,,we ,,desire ,,the ,,superman ,,to ,,live40--,let this be our final will at the great noontide6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,thus ,,spake ,,zarathustra4 ,,second ,,part4 8--and only when ye have all denied me1 will ,i return unto you4 ,verily1 with other eyes1 my brethren1 shall ,i then seek my lost ones2 with another love shall ,i then love you40--,,zarathustra1 ,i41 8,the ,bestowing ,virtue40 ,,xxiii4 ,,the ,,child ,,with ,,the ,,mirror4 ,after this ,zarathustra returned again into the mountains to the solitude of his cave1 and withdrew himself from men1 waiting like a sower who hath scattered his seed4 ,his soul1 however1 became impatient and full of longing for those whom he loved3 because he had still much to give them4 ,for this is hardest of all3 to close the open hand out of love1 and keep modest as a giver4 ,thus passed with the lonesome one months and years2 his wisdom meanwhile increased1 and caused him pain by its abundance4 ,one morning1 however1 he awoke ere the rosy dawn1 and having meditated long on his couch1 at last spake thus to his heart3 ,why did ,i startle in my dream1 so that ,i awoke8 ,did not a child come to me1 carrying a mirror8 8,o ,zarathustra0--said the child unto me--8look at thyself in the mirror60 ,but when ,i looked into the mirror1 ,i shrieked1 and my heart throbbed3 for not myself did ,i see therein1 but a devil's grimace and derision4 ,verily1 all too well do ,i understand the dream's portent and monition3 my ,,doctrine is in danger2 tares want to be called wheat6 ,mine enemies have grown powerful and have disfigured the likeness of my doctrine1 so that my dearest ones have to blush for the gifts that ,i gave them4 ,lost are my friends2 the hour hath come for me to seek my lost ones6-- ,with these words ,zarathustra started up1 not however like a person in anguish seeking relief1 but rather like a seer and a singer whom the spirit inspireth4 ,with amazement did his eagle and serpent gaze upon him3 for a coming bliss overspread his countenance like the rosy dawn4 ,what hath happened unto me1 mine animals8--said ,zarathustra4 ,am ,i not transformed8 ,hath not bliss come unto me like a whirlwind8 ,foolish is my happiness1 and foolish things will it speak3 it is still too young--so have patience with it6 ,wounded am ,i by my happiness3 all sufferers shall be physicians unto me6 ,to my friends can ,i again go down1 and also to mine enemies6 ,zarathustra can again speak and bestow1 and show his best love to his loved ones6 ,my impatient love overfloweth in streams1--down towards sunrise and sunset4 ,out of silent mountains and storms of affliction1 rusheth my soul into the valleys4 ,too long have ,i longed and looked into the distance4 ,too long hath solitude possessed me3 thus have ,i unlearned to keep silence4 ,utterance have ,i become altogether1 and the brawling of a brook from high rocks3 downward into the valleys will ,i hurl my speech4 ,and let the stream of my love sweep into unfrequented channels6 ,how should a stream not finally find its way to the sea6 ,forsooth1 there is a lake in me1 sequestered and self-sufficing2 but the stream of my love beareth this along with it1 down--to the sea6 ,new paths do ,i tread1 a new speech cometh unto me2 tired have ,i become-- like all creators--of the old tongues4 ,no longer will my spirit walk on worn-out soles4 ,too slowly runneth all speaking for me3--into thy chariot1 ,o storm1 do ,i leap6 ,and even thee will ,i whip with my spite6 ,like a cry and an huzza will ,i traverse wide seas1 till ,i find the ,happy ,isles where my friends sojourn2-- ,and mine enemies amongst them6 ,how ,i now love every one unto whom ,i may but speak6 ,even mine enemies pertain to my bliss4 ,and when ,i want to mount my wildest horse1 then doth my spear always help me up best3 it is my foot's ever ready servant3-- ,the spear which ,i hurl at mine enemies6 ,how grateful am ,i to mine enemies that ,i may at last hurl it6 ,too great hath been the tension of my cloud3 #8twixt laughters of lightnings will ,i cast hail-showers into the depths4 ,violently will my breast then heave2 violently will it blow its storm over the mountains3 thus cometh its assuagement4 ,verily1 like a storm cometh my happiness1 and my freedom6 ,but mine enemies shall think that ,,the ,,evil ,,one roareth over their heads4 ,yea1 ye also1 my friends1 will be alarmed by my wild wisdom2 and perhaps ye will flee therefrom1 along with mine enemies4 ,ah1 that ,i knew how to lure you back with shepherds' flutes6 ,ah1 that my lioness wisdom would learn to roar softly6 ,and much have we already learned with one another6 ,my wild wisdom became pregnant on the lonesome mountains2 on the rough stones did she bear the youngest of her young4 ,now runneth she foolishly in the arid wilderness1 and seeketh and seeketh the soft sward--mine old1 wild wisdom6 ,on the soft sward of your hearts1 my friends6--on your love1 would she fain couch her dearest one6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxiv4 ,,in ,,the ,,happy ,,isles4 ,the figs fall from the trees1 they are good and sweet2 and in falling the red skins of them break4 ,a north wind am ,i to ripe figs4 ,thus1 like figs1 do these doctrines fall for you1 my friends3 imbibe now their juice and their sweet substance6 ,it is autumn all around1 and clear sky1 and afternoon4 ,lo1 what fulness is around us6 ,and out of the midst of superabundance1 it is delightful to look out upon distant seas4 ,once did people say ,god1 when they looked out upon distant seas2 now1 however1 have ,i taught you to say1 ,superman4 ,god is a conjecture3 but ,i do not wish your conjecturing to reach beyond your creating will4 ,could ye ,,create a ,god8--,then1 ,i pray you1 be silent about all ,gods6 ,but ye could well create the ,superman4 ,not perhaps ye yourselves1 my brethren6 ,but into fathers and forefathers of the ,superman could ye transform yourselves3 and let that be your best creating6-- ,god is a conjecture3 but ,i should like your conjecturing restricted to the conceivable4 ,could ye ,,conceive a ,god8--,but let this mean ,will to ,truth unto you1 that everything be transformed into the humanly conceivable1 the humanly visible1 the humanly sensible6 ,your own discernment shall ye follow out to the end6 ,and what ye have called the world shall but be created by you3 your reason1 your likeness1 your will1 your love1 shall it itself become6 ,and verily1 for your bliss1 ye discerning ones6 ,and how would ye endure life without that hope1 ye discerning ones8 ,neither in the inconceivable could ye have been born1 nor in the irrational4 ,but that ,i may reveal my heart entirely unto you1 my friends3 ,,if there were gods1 how could ,i endure it to be no ,god6 ,,therefore there are no ,gods4 ,yea1 ,i have drawn the conclusion2 now1 however1 doth it draw me4-- ,god is a conjecture3 but who could drink all the bitterness of this conjecture without dying8 ,shall his faith be taken from the creating one1 and from the eagle his flights into eagle-heights8 ,god is a thought--it maketh all the straight crooked1 and all that standeth reel4 ,what8 ,time would be gone1 and all the perishable would be but a lie8 ,to think this is giddiness and vertigo to human limbs1 and even vomiting to the stomach3 verily1 the reeling sickness do ,i call it1 to conjecture such a thing4 ,evil do ,i call it and misanthropic3 all that teaching about the one1 and the plenum1 and the unmoved1 and the sufficient1 and the imperishable6 ,all the imperishable--that's but a simile1 and the poets lie too much4-- ,but of time and of becoming shall the best similes speak3 a praise shall they be1 and a justification of all perishableness6 ,creating--that is the great salvation from suffering1 and life's alleviation4 ,but for the creator to appear1 suffering itself is needed1 and much transformation4 ,yea1 much bitter dying must there be in your life1 ye creators6 ,thus are ye advocates and justifiers of all perishableness4 ,for the creator himself to be the new-born child1 he must also be willing to be the child-bearer1 and endure the pangs of the child-bearer4 ,verily1 through a hundred souls went ,i my way1 and through a hundred cradles and birth-throes4 ,many a farewell have ,i taken2 ,i know the heart-breaking last hours4 ,but so willeth it my creating ,will1 my fate4 ,or1 to tell you it more candidly3 just such a fate--willeth my ,will4 ,all ,,feeling suffereth in me1 and is in prison3 but my ,,willing ever cometh to me as mine emancipator and comforter4 ,willing emancipateth3 that is the true doctrine of will and emancipation--so teacheth you ,zarathustra4 ,no longer willing1 and no longer valuing1 and no longer creating6 ,ah1 that that great debility may ever be far from me6 ,and also in discerning do ,i feel only my will's procreating and evolving delight2 and if there be innocence in my knowledge1 it is because there is will to procreation in it4 ,away from ,god and ,gods did this will allure me2 what would there be to create if there were--,gods6 ,but to man doth it ever impel me anew1 my fervent creative will2 thus impelleth it the hammer to the stone4 ,ah1 ye men1 within the stone slumbereth an image for me1 the image of my visions6 ,ah1 that it should slumber in the hardest1 ugliest stone6 ,now rageth my hammer ruthlessly against its prison4 ,from the stone fly the fragments3 what's that to me8 ,i will complete it3 for a shadow came unto me--the stillest and lightest of all things once came unto me6 ,the beauty of the ,superman came unto me as a shadow4 ,ah1 my brethren6 ,of what account now are--the ,gods to me6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxv4 ,,the ,,pitiful4 ,my friends1 there hath arisen a satire on your friend3 8,behold ,zarathustra6 ,walketh he not amongst us as if amongst animals80 ,but it is better said in this wise3 8,the discerning one walketh amongst men ,,as amongst animals40 ,man himself is to the discerning one3 the animal with red cheeks4 ,how hath that happened unto him8 ,is it not because he hath had to be ashamed too oft8 ,o my friends6 ,thus speaketh the discerning one3 shame1 shame1 shame--that is the history of man6 ,and on that account doth the noble one enjoin upon himself not to abash3 bashfulness doth he enjoin on himself in presence of all sufferers4 ,verily1 ,i like them not1 the merciful ones1 whose bliss is in their pity3 too destitute are they of bashfulness4 ,if ,i must be pitiful1 ,i dislike to be called so2 and if ,i be so1 it is preferably at a distance4 ,preferably also do ,i shroud my head1 and flee1 before being recognised3 and thus do ,i bid you do1 my friends6 ,may my destiny ever lead unafflicted ones like you across my path1 and those with whom ,i ,,may have hope and repast and honey in common6 ,verily1 ,i have done this and that for the afflicted3 but something better did ,i always seem to do when ,i had learned to enjoy myself better4 ,since humanity came into being1 man hath enjoyed himself too little3 that alone1 my brethren1 is our original sin6 ,and when we learn better to enjoy ourselves1 then do we unlearn best to give pain unto others1 and to contrive pain4 ,therefore do ,i wash the hand that hath helped the sufferer2 therefore do ,i wipe also my soul4 ,for in seeing the sufferer suffering--thereof was ,i ashamed on account of his shame2 and in helping him1 sorely did ,i wound his pride4 ,great obligations do not make grateful1 but revengeful2 and when a small kindness is not forgotten1 it becometh a gnawing worm4 8,be shy in accepting6 ,distinguish by accepting60--thus do ,i advise those who have naught to bestow4 ,i1 however1 am a bestower3 willingly do ,i bestow as friend to friends4 ,strangers1 however1 and the poor1 may pluck for themselves the fruit from my tree3 thus doth it cause less shame4 ,beggars1 however1 one should entirely do away with6 ,verily1 it annoyeth one to give unto them1 and it annoyeth one not to give unto them4 ,and likewise sinners and bad consciences6 ,believe me1 my friends3 the sting of conscience teacheth one to sting4 ,the worst things1 however1 are the petty thoughts4 ,verily1 better to have done evilly than to have thought pettily6 ,to be sure1 ye say3 8,the delight in petty evils spareth one many a great evil deed40 ,but here one should not wish to be sparing4 ,like a boil is the evil deed3 it itcheth and irritateth and breaketh forth--it speaketh honourably4 8,behold1 ,i am disease10 saith the evil deed3 that is its honourableness4 ,but like infection is the petty thought3 it creepeth and hideth1 and wanteth to be nowhere--until the whole body is decayed and withered by the petty infection4 ,to him however1 who is possessed of a devil1 ,i would whisper this word in the ear3 8,better for thee to rear up thy devil6 ,even for thee there is still a path to greatness60-- ,ah1 my brethren6 ,one knoweth a little too much about every one6 ,and many a one becometh transparent to us1 but still we can by no means penetrate him4 ,it is difficult to live among men because silence is so difficult4 ,and not to him who is offensive to us are we most unfair1 but to him who doth not concern us at all4 ,if1 however1 thou hast a suffering friend1 then be a resting-place for his suffering2 like a hard bed1 however1 a camp-bed3 thus wilt thou serve him best4 ,and if a friend doeth thee wrong1 then say3 8,i forgive thee what thou hast done unto me2 that thou hast done it unto ,,thyself1 however--how could ,i forgive that60 ,thus speaketh all great love3 it surpasseth even forgiveness and pity4 ,one should hold fast one's heart2 for when one letteth it go1 how quickly doth one's head run away6 ,ah1 where in the world have there been greater follies than with the pitiful8 ,and what in the world hath caused more suffering than the follies of the pitiful8 ,woe unto all loving ones who have not an elevation which is above their pity6 ,thus spake the devil unto me1 once on a time3 8,even ,god hath his hell3 it is his love for man40 ,and lately1 did ,i hear him say these words3 8,god is dead3 of his pity for man hath ,god died40-- ,so be ye warned against pity3 ,,from ,,thence there yet cometh unto men a heavy cloud6 ,verily1 ,i understand weather-signs6 ,but attend also to this word3 ,all great love is above all its pity3 for it seeketh--to create what is loved6 8,myself do ,i offer unto my love1 ,,and ,,my ,,neighbour ,,as ,,myself0--such is the language of all creators4 ,all creators1 however1 are hard4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxvi4 ,,the ,,priests4 ,and one day ,zarathustra made a sign to his disciples1 and spake these words unto them3 8,here are priests3 but although they are mine enemies1 pass them quietly and with sleeping swords6 ,even among them there are heroes2 many of them have suffered too much--3 so they want to make others suffer4 ,bad enemies are they3 nothing is more revengeful than their meekness4 ,and readily doth he soil himself who toucheth them4 ,but my blood is related to theirs2 and ,i want withal to see my blood honoured in theirs40-- ,and when they had passed1 a pain attacked ,zarathustra2 but not long had he struggled with the pain1 when he began to speak thus3 ,it moveth my heart for those priests4 ,they also go against my taste2 but that is the smallest matter unto me1 since ,i am among men4 ,but ,i suffer and have suffered with them3 prisoners are they unto me1 and stigmatised ones4 ,he whom they call ,saviour put them in fetters3-- ,in fetters of false values and fatuous words6 ,oh1 that some one would save them from their ,saviour6 ,on an isle they once thought they had landed1 when the sea tossed them about2 but behold1 it was a slumbering monster6 ,false values and fatuous words3 these are the worst monsters for mortals--long slumbereth and waiteth the fate that is in them4 ,but at last it cometh and awaketh and devoureth and engulfeth whatever hath built tabernacles upon it4 ,oh1 just look at those tabernacles which those priests have built themselves6 ,churches1 they call their sweet-smelling caves6 ,oh1 that falsified light1 that mustified air6 ,where the soul--may not fly aloft to its height6 ,but so enjoineth their belief3 8,on your knees1 up the stair1 ye sinners60 ,verily1 rather would ,i see a shameless one than the distorted eyes of their shame and devotion6 ,who created for themselves such caves and penitence-stairs8 ,was it not those who sought to conceal themselves1 and were ashamed under the clear sky8 ,and only when the clear sky looketh again through ruined roofs1 and down upon grass and red poppies on ruined walls--will ,i again turn my heart to the seats of this ,god4 ,they called ,god that which opposed and afflicted them3 and verily1 there was much hero-spirit in their worship6 ,and they knew not how to love their ,god otherwise than by nailing men to the cross6 ,as corpses they thought to live2 in black draped they their corpses2 even in their talk do ,i still feel the evil flavour of charnel-houses4 ,and he who liveth nigh unto them liveth nigh unto black pools1 wherein the toad singeth his song with sweet gravity4 ,better songs would they have to sing1 for me to believe in their ,saviour3 more like saved ones would his disciples have to appear unto me6 ,naked1 would ,i like to see them3 for beauty alone should preach penitence4 ,but whom would that disguised affliction convince6 ,verily1 their ,saviours themselves came not from freedom and freedom's seventh heaven6 ,verily1 they themselves never trod the carpets of knowledge6 ,of defects did the spirit of those ,saviours consist2 but into every defect had they put their illusion1 their stop-gap1 which they called ,god4 ,in their pity was their spirit drowned2 and when they swelled and o'erswelled with pity1 there always floated to the surface a great folly4 ,eagerly and with shouts drove they their flock over their foot-bridge2 as if there were but one foot-bridge to the future6 ,verily1 those shepherds also were still of the flock6 ,small spirits and spacious souls had those shepherds3 but1 my brethren1 what small domains have even the most spacious souls hitherto been6 ,characters of blood did they write on the way they went1 and their folly taught that truth is proved by blood4 ,but blood is the very worst witness to truth2 blood tainteth the purest teaching1 and turneth it into delusion and hatred of heart4 ,and when a person goeth through fire for his teaching--what doth that prove6 ,it is more1 verily1 when out of one's own burning cometh one's own teaching6 ,sultry heart and cold head2 where these meet1 there ariseth the blusterer1 the 8,saviour40 ,greater ones1 verily1 have there been1 and higher-born ones1 than those whom the people call ,saviours1 those rapturous blusterers6 ,and by still greater ones than any of the ,saviours must ye be saved1 my brethren1 if ye would find the way to freedom6 ,never yet hath there been a ,superman4 ,naked have ,i seen both of them1 the greatest man and the smallest man3-- ,all-too-similar are they still to each other4 ,verily1 even the greatest found ,i--all-too-human6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxvii4 ,,the ,,virtuous4 ,with thunder and heavenly fireworks must one speak to indolent and somnolent senses4 ,but beauty's voice speaketh gently3 it appealeth only to the most awakened souls4 ,gently vibrated and laughed unto me to-day my buckler2 it was beauty's holy laughing and thrilling4 ,at you1 ye virtuous ones1 laughed my beauty to-day4 ,and thus came its voice unto me3 8,they want--to be paid besides60 ,ye want to be paid besides1 ye virtuous ones6 ,ye want reward for virtue1 and heaven for earth1 and eternity for your to-day8 ,and now ye upbraid me for teaching that there is no reward-giver1 nor paymaster8 ,and verily1 ,i do not even teach that virtue is its own reward4 ,ah6 this is my sorrow3 into the basis of things have reward and punishment been insinuated--and now even into the basis of your souls1 ye virtuous ones6 ,but like the snout of the boar shall my word grub up the basis of your souls2 a ploughshare will ,i be called by you4 ,all the secrets of your heart shall be brought to light2 and when ye lie in the sun1 grubbed up and broken1 then will also your falsehood be separated from your truth4 ,for this is your truth3 ye are ,,too ,,pure for the filth of the words3 vengeance1 punishment1 recompense1 retribution4 ,ye love your virtue as a mother loveth her child2 but when did one hear of a mother wanting to be paid for her love8 ,it is your dearest ,self1 your virtue4 ,the ring's thirst is in you3 to reach itself again struggleth every ring1 and turneth itself4 ,and like the star that goeth out1 so is every work of your virtue3 ever is its light on its way and travelling--and when will it cease to be on its way8 ,thus is the light of your virtue still on its way1 even when its work is done4 ,be it forgotten and dead1 still its ray of light liveth and travelleth4 ,that your virtue is your ,self1 and not an outward thing1 a skin1 or a cloak3 that is the truth from the basis of your souls1 ye virtuous ones6-- ,but sure enough there are those to whom virtue meaneth writhing under the lash3 and ye have hearkened too much unto their crying6 ,and others are there who call virtue the slothfulness of their vices2 and when once their hatred and jealousy relax the limbs1 their 8justice0 becometh lively and rubbeth its sleepy eyes4 ,and others are there who are drawn downwards3 their devils draw them4 ,but the more they sink1 the more ardently gloweth their eye1 and the longing for their ,god4 ,ah6 their crying also hath reached your ears1 ye virtuous ones3 8,what ,i am ,,not1 that1 that is ,god to me1 and virtue60 ,and others are there who go along heavily and creakingly1 like carts taking stones downhill3 they talk much of dignity and virtue--their drag they call virtue6 ,and others are there who are like eight-day clocks when wound up2 they tick1 and want people to call ticking--virtue4 ,verily1 in those have ,i mine amusement3 wherever ,i find such clocks ,i shall wind them up with my mockery1 and they shall even whirr thereby6 ,and others are proud of their modicum of righteousness1 and for the sake of it do violence to all things3 so that the world is drowned in their unrighteousness4 ,ah6 how ineptly cometh the word 8virtue0 out of their mouth6 ,and when they say3 8,i am just10 it always soundeth like3 8,i am just--revenged60 ,with their virtues they want to scratch out the eyes of their enemies2 and they elevate themselves only that they may lower others4 ,and again there are those who sit in their swamp1 and speak thus from among the bulrushes3 8,virtue--that is to sit quietly in the swamp4 ,we bite no one1 and go out of the way of him who would bite2 and in all matters we have the opinion that is given us40 ,and again there are those who love attitudes1 and think that virtue is a sort of attitude4 ,their knees continually adore1 and their hands are eulogies of virtue1 but their heart knoweth naught thereof4 ,and again there are those who regard it as virtue to say3 8,virtue is necessary02 but after all they believe only that policemen are necessary4 ,and many a one who cannot see men's loftiness1 calleth it virtue to see their baseness far too well3 thus calleth he his evil eye virtue4-- ,and some want to be edified and raised up1 and call it virtue3 and others want to be cast down1--and likewise call it virtue4 ,and thus do almost all think that they participate in virtue2 and at least every one claimeth to be an authority on 8good0 and 8evil40 ,but ,zarathustra came not to say unto all those liars and fools3 8,what do ,,ye know of virtue6 ,what ,,could ye know of virtue60-- ,but that ye1 my friends1 might become weary of the old words which ye have learned from the fools and liars3 ,that ye might become weary of the words 8reward10 8retribution10 8punishment10 8righteous vengeance40-- ,that ye might become weary of saying3 8,that an action is good is because it is unselfish40 ,ah6 my friends6 ,that ,,your very ,self be in your action1 as the mother is in the child3 let that be ,,your formula of virtue6 ,verily1 ,i have taken from you a hundred formulae and your virtue's favourite playthings2 and now ye upbraid me1 as children upbraid4 ,they played by the sea--then came there a wave and swept their playthings into the deep3 and now do they cry4 ,but the same wave shall bring them new playthings1 and spread before them new speckled shells6 ,thus will they be comforted2 and like them shall ye also1 my friends1 have your comforting--and new speckled shells6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxviii4 ,,the ,,rabble4 ,life is a well of delight2 but where the rabble also drink1 there all fountains are poisoned4 ,to everything cleanly am ,i well disposed2 but ,i hate to see the grinning mouths and the thirst of the unclean4 ,they cast their eye down into the fountain3 and now glanceth up to me their odious smile out of the fountain4 ,the holy water have they poisoned with their lustfulness2 and when they called their filthy dreams delight1 then poisoned they also the words4 ,indignant becometh the flame when they put their damp hearts to the fire2 the spirit itself bubbleth and smoketh when the rabble approach the fire4 ,mawkish and over-mellow becometh the fruit in their hands3 unsteady1 and withered at the top1 doth their look make the fruit-tree4 ,and many a one who hath turned away from life1 hath only turned away from the rabble3 he hated to share with them fountain1 flame1 and fruit4 ,and many a one who hath gone into the wilderness and suffered thirst with beasts of prey1 disliked only to sit at the cistern with filthy camel-drivers4 ,and many a one who hath come along as a destroyer1 and as a hailstorm to all cornfields1 wanted merely to put his foot into the jaws of the rabble1 and thus stop their throat4 ,and it is not the mouthful which hath most choked me1 to know that life itself requireth enmity and death and torture-crosses3-- ,but ,i asked once1 and suffocated almost with my question3 ,what8 is the rabble also ,,necessary for life8 ,are poisoned fountains necessary1 and stinking fires1 and filthy dreams1 and maggots in the bread of life8 ,not my hatred1 but my loathing1 gnawed hungrily at my life6 ,ah1 ofttimes became ,i weary of spirit1 when ,i found even the rabble spiritual6 ,and on the rulers turned ,i my back1 when ,i saw what they now call ruling3 to traffic and bargain for power--with the rabble6 ,amongst peoples of a strange language did ,i dwell1 with stopped ears3 so that the language of their trafficking might remain strange unto me1 and their bargaining for power4 ,and holding my nose1 ,i went morosely through all yesterdays and to-days3 verily1 badly smell all yesterdays and to-days of the scribbling rabble6 ,like a cripple become deaf1 and blind1 and dumb--thus have ,i lived long2 that ,i might not live with the power-rabble1 the scribe-rabble1 and the pleasure-rabble4 ,toilsomely did my spirit mount stairs1 and cautiously2 alms of delight were its refreshment2 on the staff did life creep along with the blind one4 ,what hath happened unto me8 ,how have ,i freed myself from loathing8 ,who hath rejuvenated mine eye8 ,how have ,i flown to the height where no rabble any longer sit at the wells8 ,did my loathing itself create for me wings and fountain-divining powers8 ,verily1 to the loftiest height had ,i to fly1 to find again the well of delight6 ,oh1 ,i have found it1 my brethren6 ,here on the loftiest height bubbleth up for me the well of delight6 ,and there is a life at whose waters none of the rabble drink with me6 ,almost too violently dost thou flow for me1 thou fountain of delight6 ,and often emptiest thou the goblet again1 in wanting to fill it6 ,and yet must ,i learn to approach thee more modestly3 far too violently doth my heart still flow towards thee3-- ,my heart on which my summer burneth1 my short1 hot1 melancholy1 over-happy summer3 how my summer heart longeth for thy coolness6 ,past1 the lingering distress of my spring6 ,past1 the wickedness of my snowflakes in ,june6 ,summer have ,i become entirely1 and summer-noontide6 ,a summer on the loftiest height1 with cold fountains and blissful stillness3 oh1 come1 my friends1 that the stillness may become more blissful6 ,for this is ,,our height and our home3 too high and steep do we here dwell for all uncleanly ones and their thirst4 ,cast but your pure eyes into the well of my delight1 my friends6 ,how could it become turbid thereby6 ,it shall laugh back to you with ,,its purity4 ,on the tree of the future build we our nest2 eagles shall bring us lone ones food in their beaks6 ,verily1 no food of which the impure could be fellow-partakers6 ,fire1 would they think they devoured1 and burn their mouths6 ,verily1 no abodes do we here keep ready for the impure6 ,an ice-cave to their bodies would our happiness be1 and to their spirits6 ,and as strong winds will we live above them1 neighbours to the eagles1 neighbours to the snow1 neighbours to the sun3 thus live the strong winds4 ,and like a wind will ,i one day blow amongst them1 and with my spirit1 take the breath from their spirit3 thus willeth my future4 ,verily1 a strong wind is ,zarathustra to all low places2 and this counsel counselleth he to his enemies1 and to whatever spitteth and speweth3 8,take care not to spit ,,against the wind60-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxix4 ,,the ,,tarantulas4 ,lo1 this is the tarantula's den6 ,wouldst thou see the tarantula itself8 ,here hangeth its web3 touch this1 so that it may tremble4 ,there cometh the tarantula willingly3 ,welcome1 tarantula6 ,black on thy back is thy triangle and symbol2 and ,i know also what is in thy soul4 ,revenge is in thy soul3 wherever thou bitest1 there ariseth black scab2 with revenge1 thy poison maketh the soul giddy6 ,thus do ,i speak unto you in parable1 ye who make the soul giddy1 ye preachers of ,,equality6 ,tarantulas are ye unto me1 and secretly revengeful ones6 ,but ,i will soon bring your hiding-places to the light3 therefore do ,i laugh in your face my laughter of the height4 ,therefore do ,i tear at your web1 that your rage may lure you out of your den of lies1 and that your revenge may leap forth from behind your word 8justice40 ,because1 ,,for ,,man ,,to ,,be ,,redeemed ,,from ,,revenge--that is for me the bridge to the highest hope1 and a rainbow after long storms4 ,otherwise1 however1 would the tarantulas have it4 8,let it be very justice for the world to become full of the storms of our vengeance0--thus do they talk to one another4 8,vengeance will we use1 and insult1 against all who are not like us0--thus do the tarantula-hearts pledge themselves4 8,and #8,will to ,equality'--that itself shall henceforth be the name of virtue2 and against all that hath power will we raise an outcry60 ,ye preachers of equality1 the tyrant-frenzy of impotence crieth thus in you for 8equality03 your most secret tyrant-longings disguise themselves thus in virtue-words6 ,fretted conceit and suppressed envy--perhaps your fathers' conceit and envy3 in you break they forth as flame and frenzy of vengeance4 ,what the father hath hid cometh out in the son2 and oft have ,i found in the son the father's revealed secret4 ,inspired ones they resemble3 but it is not the heart that inspireth them--but vengeance4 ,and when they become subtle and cold1 it is not spirit1 but envy1 that maketh them so4 ,their jealousy leadeth them also into thinkers' paths2 and this is the sign of their jealousy--they always go too far3 so that their fatigue hath at last to go to sleep on the snow4 ,in all their lamentations soundeth vengeance1 in all their eulogies is maleficence2 and being judge seemeth to them bliss4 ,but thus do ,i counsel you1 my friends3 distrust all in whom the impulse to punish is powerful6 ,they are people of bad race and lineage2 out of their countenances peer the hangman and the sleuth-hound4 ,distrust all those who talk much of their justice6 ,verily1 in their souls not only honey is lacking4 ,and when they call themselves 8the good and just10 forget not1 that for them to be ,pharisees1 nothing is lacking but--power6 ,my friends1 ,i will not be mixed up and confounded with others4 ,there are those who preach my doctrine of life1 and are at the same time preachers of equality1 and tarantulas4 ,that they speak in favour of life1 though they sit in their den1 these poison-spiders1 and withdrawn from life--is because they would thereby do injury4 ,to those would they thereby do injury who have power at present3 for with those the preaching of death is still most at home4 ,were it otherwise1 then would the tarantulas teach otherwise3 and they themselves were formerly the best world-maligners and heretic-burners4 ,with these preachers of equality will ,i not be mixed up and confounded4 ,for thus speaketh justice ,,unto ,,me3 8,men are not equal40 ,and neither shall they become so6 ,what would be my love to the ,superman1 if ,i spake otherwise8 ,on a thousand bridges and piers shall they throng to the future1 and always shall there be more war and inequality among them3 thus doth my great love make me speak6 ,inventors of figures and phantoms shall they be in their hostilities2 and with those figures and phantoms shall they yet fight with each other the supreme fight6 ,good and evil1 and rich and poor1 and high and low1 and all names of values3 weapons shall they be1 and sounding signs1 that life must again and again surpass itself6 ,aloft will it build itself with columns and stairs--life itself3 into remote distances would it gaze1 and out towards blissful beauties-- ,,therefore doth it require elevation6 ,and because it requireth elevation1 therefore doth it require steps1 and variance of steps and climbers6 ,to rise striveth life1 and in rising to surpass itself4 ,and just behold1 my friends6 ,here where the tarantula's den is1 riseth aloft an ancient temple's ruins--just behold it with enlightened eyes6 ,verily1 he who here towered aloft his thoughts in stone1 knew as well as the wisest ones about the secret of life6 ,that there is struggle and inequality even in beauty1 and war for power and supremacy3 that doth he here teach us in the plainest parable4 ,how divinely do vault and arch here contrast in the struggle3 how with light and shade they strive against each other1 the divinely striving ones4-- ,thus1 steadfast and beautiful1 let us also be enemies1 my friends6 ,divinely will we strive ,,against one another6-- ,alas6 ,there hath the tarantula bit me myself1 mine old enemy6 ,divinely steadfast and beautiful1 it hath bit me on the finger6 8,punishment must there be1 and justice0--so thinketh it3 8not gratuitously shall he here sing songs in honour of enmity60 ,yea1 it hath revenged itself6 ,and alas6 now will it make my soul also dizzy with revenge6 ,that ,i may ,,not turn dizzy1 however1 bind me fast1 my friends1 to this pillar6 ,rather will ,i be a pillar-saint than a whirl of vengeance6 ,verily1 no cyclone or whirlwind is ,zarathustra3 and if he be a dancer1 he is not at all a tarantula-dancer6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxx4 ,,the ,,famous ,,wise ,,ones4 ,the people have ye served and the people's superstition--,,not the truth6--all ye famous wise ones6 ,and just on that account did they pay you reverence4 ,and on that account also did they tolerate your unbelief1 because it was a pleasantry and a by-path for the people4 ,thus doth the master give free scope to his slaves1 and even enjoyeth their presumptuousness4 ,but he who is hated by the people1 as the wolf by the dogs--is the free spirit1 the enemy of fetters1 the non-adorer1 the dweller in the woods4 ,to hunt him out of his lair--that was always called 8sense of right0 by the people3 on him do they still hound their sharpest-toothed dogs4 8,for there the truth is1 where the people are6 ,woe1 woe to the seeking ones60--thus hath it echoed through all time4 ,your people would ye justify in their reverence3 that called ye 8,will to ,truth10 ye famous wise ones6 ,and your heart hath always said to itself3 8,from the people have ,i come3 from thence came to me also the voice of ,god40 ,stiff-necked and artful1 like the ass1 have ye always been1 as the advocates of the people4 ,and many a powerful one who wanted to run well with the people1 hath harnessed in front of his horses--a donkey1 a famous wise man4 ,and now1 ye famous wise ones1 ,i would have you finally throw off entirely the skin of the lion6 ,the skin of the beast of prey1 the speckled skin1 and the dishevelled locks of the investigator1 the searcher1 and the conqueror6 ,ah6 for me to learn to believe in your 8conscientiousness10 ye would first have to break your venerating will4 ,conscientious--so call ,i him who goeth into ,god-forsaken wildernesses1 and hath broken his venerating heart4 ,in the yellow sands and burnt by the sun1 he doubtless peereth thirstily at the isles rich in fountains1 where life reposeth under shady trees4 ,but his thirst doth not persuade him to become like those comfortable ones3 for where there are oases1 there are also idols4 ,hungry1 fierce1 lonesome1 ,god-forsaken3 so doth the lion-will wish itself4 ,free from the happiness of slaves1 redeemed from ,deities and adorations1 fearless and fear-inspiring1 grand and lonesome3 so is the will of the conscientious4 ,in the wilderness have ever dwelt the conscientious1 the free spirits1 as lords of the wilderness2 but in the cities dwell the well-foddered1 famous wise ones--the draught-beasts4 ,for1 always1 do they draw1 as asses--the ,,people',s carts6 ,not that ,i on that account upbraid them3 but serving ones do they remain1 and harnessed ones1 even though they glitter in golden harness4 ,and often have they been good servants and worthy of their hire4 ,for thus saith virtue3 8,if thou must be a servant1 seek him unto whom thy service is most useful6 ,the spirit and virtue of thy master shall advance by thou being his servant3 thus wilt thou thyself advance with his spirit and virtue60 ,and verily1 ye famous wise ones1 ye servants of the people6 ,ye yourselves have advanced with the people's spirit and virtue--and the people by you6 ,to your honour do ,i say it6 ,but the people ye remain for me1 even with your virtues1 the people with purblind eyes--the people who know not what ,,spirit is6 ,spirit is life which itself cutteth into life3 by its own torture doth it increase its own knowledge1--did ye know that before8 ,and the spirit's happiness is this3 to be anointed and consecrated with tears as a sacrificial victim1--did ye know that before8 ,and the blindness of the blind one1 and his seeking and groping1 shall yet testify to the power of the sun into which he hath gazed1--did ye know that before8 ,and with mountains shall the discerning one learn to ,,build6 ,it is a small thing for the spirit to remove mountains1--did ye know that before8 ,ye know only the sparks of the spirit3 but ye do not see the anvil which it is1 and the cruelty of its hammer6 ,verily1 ye know not the spirit's pride6 ,but still less could ye endure the spirit's humility1 should it ever want to speak6 ,and never yet could ye cast your spirit into a pit of snow3 ye are not hot enough for that6 ,thus are ye unaware1 also1 of the delight of its coldness4 ,in all respects1 however1 ye make too familiar with the spirit2 and out of wisdom have ye often made an almshouse and a hospital for bad poets4 ,ye are not eagles3 thus have ye never experienced the happiness of the alarm of the spirit4 ,and he who is not a bird should not camp above abysses4 ,ye seem to me lukewarm ones3 but coldly floweth all deep knowledge4 ,ice-cold are the innermost wells of the spirit3 a refreshment to hot hands and handlers4 ,respectable do ye there stand1 and stiff1 and with straight backs1 ye famous wise ones6--no strong wind or will impelleth you4 ,have ye ne'er seen a sail crossing the sea1 rounded and inflated1 and trembling with the violence of the wind8 ,like the sail trembling with the violence of the spirit1 doth my wisdom cross the sea--my wild wisdom6 ,but ye servants of the people1 ye famous wise ones--how ,,could ye go with me6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxxi4 ,,the ,,night-,,song4 #8,tis night3 now do all gushing fountains speak louder4 ,and my soul also is a gushing fountain4 #8,tis night3 now only do all songs of the loving ones awake4 ,and my soul also is the song of a loving one4 ,something unappeased1 unappeasable1 is within me2 it longeth to find expression4 ,a craving for love is within me1 which speaketh itself the language of love4 ,light am ,i3 ah1 that ,i were night6 ,but it is my lonesomeness to be begirt with light6 ,ah1 that ,i were dark and nightly6 ,how would ,i suck at the breasts of light6 ,and you yourselves would ,i bless1 ye twinkling starlets and glow-worms aloft6--and would rejoice in the gifts of your light4 ,but ,i live in mine own light1 ,i drink again into myself the flames that break forth from me4 ,i know not the happiness of the receiver2 and oft have ,i dreamt that stealing must be more blessed than receiving4 ,it is my poverty that my hand never ceaseth bestowing2 it is mine envy that ,i see waiting eyes and the brightened nights of longing4 ,oh1 the misery of all bestowers6 ,oh1 the darkening of my sun6 ,oh1 the craving to crave6 ,oh1 the violent hunger in satiety6 ,they take from me3 but do ,i yet touch their soul8 ,there is a gap #8twixt giving and receiving2 and the smallest gap hath finally to be bridged over4 ,a hunger ariseth out of my beauty3 ,i should like to injure those ,i illumine2 ,i should like to rob those ,i have gifted3--thus do ,i hunger for wickedness4 ,withdrawing my hand when another hand already stretcheth out to it2 hesitating like the cascade1 which hesitateth even in its leap3--thus do ,i hunger for wickedness6 ,such revenge doth mine abundance think of3 such mischief welleth out of my lonesomeness4 ,my happiness in bestowing died in bestowing2 my virtue became weary of itself by its abundance6 ,he who ever bestoweth is in danger of losing his shame2 to him who ever dispenseth1 the hand and heart become callous by very dispensing4 ,mine eye no longer overfloweth for the shame of suppliants2 my hand hath become too hard for the trembling of filled hands4 ,whence have gone the tears of mine eye1 and the down of my heart8 ,oh1 the lonesomeness of all bestowers6 ,oh1 the silence of all shining ones6 ,many suns circle in desert space3 to all that is dark do they speak with their light--but to me they are silent4 ,oh1 this is the hostility of light to the shining one3 unpityingly doth it pursue its course4 ,unfair to the shining one in its innermost heart1 cold to the suns3--thus travelleth every sun4 ,like a storm do the suns pursue their courses3 that is their travelling4 ,their inexorable will do they follow3 that is their coldness4 ,oh1 ye only is it1 ye dark1 nightly ones1 that extract warmth from the shining ones6 ,oh1 ye only drink milk and refreshment from the light's udders6 ,ah1 there is ice around me2 my hand burneth with the iciness6 ,ah1 there is thirst in me2 it panteth after your thirst6 #8,tis night3 alas1 that ,i have to be light6 ,and thirst for the nightly6 ,and lonesomeness6 #8,tis night3 now doth my longing break forth in me as a fountain1--for speech do ,i long4 #8,tis night3 now do all gushing fountains speak louder4 ,and my soul also is a gushing fountain4 #8,tis night3 now do all songs of loving ones awake4 ,and my soul also is the song of a loving one4-- ,thus sang ,zarathustra4 ,,xxxii4 ,,the ,,dance-,,song4 ,one evening went ,zarathustra and his disciples through the forest2 and when he sought for a well1 lo1 he lighted upon a green meadow peacefully surrounded with trees and bushes1 where maidens were dancing together4 ,as soon as the maidens recognised ,zarathustra1 they ceased dancing2 ,zarathustra1 however1 approached them with friendly mien and spake these words3 ,cease not your dancing1 ye lovely maidens6 ,no game-spoiler hath come to you with evil eye1 no enemy of maidens4 ,god's advocate am ,i with the devil3 he1 however1 is the spirit of gravity4 ,how could ,i1 ye light-footed ones1 be hostile to divine dances8 ,or to maidens' feet with fine ankles8 ,to be sure1 ,i am a forest1 and a night of dark trees3 but he who is not afraid of my darkness1 will find banks full of roses under my cypresses4 ,and even the little ,god may he find1 who is dearest to maidens3 beside the well lieth he quietly1 with closed eyes4 ,verily1 in broad daylight did he fall asleep1 the sluggard6 ,had he perhaps chased butterflies too much8 ,upbraid me not1 ye beautiful dancers1 when ,i chasten the little ,god somewhat6 ,he will cry1 certainly1 and weep--but he is laughable even when weeping6 ,and with tears in his eyes shall he ask you for a dance2 and ,i myself will sing a song to his dance3 ,a dance-song and satire on the spirit of gravity my supremest1 powerfulest devil1 who is said to be 8lord of the world40-- ,and this is the song that ,zarathustra sang when ,cupid and the maidens danced together3 ,of late did ,i gaze into thine eye1 ,o ,life6 ,and into the unfathomable did ,i there seem to sink4 ,but thou pulledst me out with a golden angle2 derisively didst thou laugh when ,i called thee unfathomable4 8,such is the language of all fish10 saidst thou2 8what ,,they do not fathom is unfathomable4 ,but changeable am ,i only1 and wild1 and altogether a woman1 and no virtuous one3 ,though ,i be called by you men the #8profound one1' or the #8faithful one1' #8the eternal one1' #8the mysterious one4' ,but ye men endow us always with your own virtues--alas1 ye virtuous ones60 ,thus did she laugh1 the unbelievable one2 but never do ,i believe her and her laughter1 when she speaketh evil of herself4 ,and when ,i talked face to face with my wild ,wisdom1 she said to me angrily3 8,thou willest1 thou cravest1 thou lovest2 on that account alone dost thou ,,praise ,life60 ,then had ,i almost answered indignantly and told the truth to the angry one2 and one cannot answer more indignantly than when one 8telleth the truth0 to one's ,wisdom4 ,for thus do things stand with us three4 ,in my heart do ,i love only ,life--and verily1 most when ,i hate her6 ,but that ,i am fond of ,wisdom1 and often too fond1 is because she remindeth me very strongly of ,life6 ,she hath her eye1 her laugh1 and even her golden angle-rod3 am ,i responsible for it that both are so alike8 ,and when once ,life asked me3 8,who is she then1 this ,wisdom80--then said ,i eagerly3 8,ah1 yes6 ,wisdom6 ,one thirsteth for her and is not satisfied1 one looketh through veils1 one graspeth through nets4 ,is she beautiful8 ,what do ,i know6 ,but the oldest carps are still lured by her4 ,changeable is she1 and wayward2 often have ,i seen her bite her lip1 and pass the comb against the grain of her hair4 ,perhaps she is wicked and false1 and altogether a woman2 but when she speaketh ill of herself1 just then doth she seduce most40 ,when ,i had said this unto ,life1 then laughed she maliciously1 and shut her eyes4 8,of whom dost thou speak80 said she4 8,perhaps of me8 ,and if thou wert right--is it proper to say ,,that in such wise to my face6 ,but now1 pray1 speak also of thy ,wisdom60 ,ah1 and now hast thou again opened thine eyes1 ,o beloved ,life6 ,and into the unfathomable have ,i again seemed to sink4-- ,thus sang ,zarathustra4 ,but when the dance was over and the maidens had departed1 he became sad4 8,the sun hath been long set10 said he at last1 8the meadow is damp1 and from the forest cometh coolness4 ,an unknown presence is about me1 and gazeth thoughtfully4 ,what6 ,thou livest still1 ,zarathustra8 ,why8 ,wherefore8 ,whereby8 ,whither8 ,where8 ,how8 ,is it not folly still to live8-- ,ah1 my friends2 the evening is it which thus interrogateth in me4 ,forgive me my sadness6 ,evening hath come on3 forgive me that evening hath come on60 ,thus sang ,zarathustra4 ,,xxxiii4 ,,the ,,grave-,,song4 8,yonder is the grave-island1 the silent isle2 yonder also are the graves of my youth4 ,thither will ,i carry an evergreen wreath of life40 ,resolving thus in my heart1 did ,i sail o'er the sea4-- ,oh1 ye sights and scenes of my youth6 ,oh1 all ye gleams of love1 ye divine fleeting gleams6 ,how could ye perish so soon for me6 ,i think of you to-day as my dead ones4 ,from you1 my dearest dead ones1 cometh unto me a sweet savour1 heart-opening and melting4 ,verily1 it convulseth and openeth the heart of the lone seafarer4 ,still am ,i the richest and most to be envied--,i1 the lonesomest one6 ,for ,i ,,have ,,possessed you1 and ye possess me still4 ,tell me3 to whom hath there ever fallen such rosy apples from the tree as have fallen unto me8 ,still am ,i your love's heir and heritage1 blooming to your memory with many-hued1 wild-growing virtues1 ,o ye dearest ones6 ,ah1 we were made to remain nigh unto each other1 ye kindly strange marvels2 and not like timid birds did ye come to me and my longing--nay1 but as trusting ones to a trusting one6 ,yea1 made for faithfulness1 like me1 and for fond eternities1 must ,i now name you by your faithlessness1 ye divine glances and fleeting gleams3 no other name have ,i yet learnt4 ,verily1 too early did ye die for me1 ye fugitives4 ,yet did ye not flee from me1 nor did ,i flee from you3 innocent are we to each other in our faithlessness4 ,to kill ,,me1 did they strangle you1 ye singing birds of my hopes6 ,yea1 at you1 ye dearest ones1 did malice ever shoot its arrows--to hit my heart6 ,and they hit it6 ,because ye were always my dearest1 my possession and my possessedness3 ,,on ,,that ,,account had ye to die young1 and far too early6 ,at my most vulnerable point did they shoot the arrow--namely1 at you1 whose skin is like down--or more like the smile that dieth at a glance6 ,but this word will ,i say unto mine enemies3 ,what is all manslaughter in comparison with what ye have done unto me6 ,worse evil did ye do unto me than all manslaughter2 the irretrievable did ye take from me3--thus do ,i speak unto you1 mine enemies6 ,slew ye not my youth's visions and dearest marvels6 ,my playmates took ye from me1 the blessed spirits6 ,to their memory do ,i deposit this wreath and this curse4 ,this curse upon you1 mine enemies6 ,have ye not made mine eternal short1 as a tone dieth away in a cold night6 ,scarcely1 as the twinkle of divine eyes1 did it come to me--as a fleeting gleam6 ,thus spake once in a happy hour my purity3 8,divine shall everything be unto me40 ,then did ye haunt me with foul phantoms2 ah1 whither hath that happy hour now fled6 8,all days shall be holy unto me0--so spake once the wisdom of my youth3 verily1 the language of a joyous wisdom6 ,but then did ye enemies steal my nights1 and sold them to sleepless torture3 ah1 whither hath that joyous wisdom now fled8 ,once did ,i long for happy auspices3 then did ye lead an owl-monster across my path1 an adverse sign4 ,ah1 whither did my tender longing then flee8 ,all loathing did ,i once vow to renounce3 then did ye change my nigh ones and nearest ones into ulcerations4 ,ah1 whither did my noblest vow then flee8 ,as a blind one did ,i once walk in blessed ways3 then did ye cast filth on the blind one's course3 and now is he disgusted with the old footpath4 ,and when ,i performed my hardest task1 and celebrated the triumph of my victories1 then did ye make those who loved me call out that ,i then grieved them most4 ,verily1 it was always your doing3 ye embittered to me my best honey1 and the diligence of my best bees4 ,to my charity have ye ever sent the most impudent beggars2 around my sympathy have ye ever crowded the incurably shameless4 ,thus have ye wounded the faith of my virtue4 ,and when ,i offered my holiest as a sacrifice1 immediately did your 8piety0 put its fatter gifts beside it3 so that my holiest suffocated in the fumes of your fat4 ,and once did ,i want to dance as ,i had never yet danced3 beyond all heavens did ,i want to dance4 ,then did ye seduce my favourite minstrel4 ,and now hath he struck up an awful1 melancholy air2 alas1 he tooted as a mournful horn to mine ear6 ,murderous minstrel1 instrument of evil1 most innocent instrument6 ,already did ,i stand prepared for the best dance3 then didst thou slay my rapture with thy tones6 ,only in the dance do ,i know how to speak the parable of the highest things3--and now hath my grandest parable remained unspoken in my limbs6 ,unspoken and unrealised hath my highest hope remained6 ,and there have perished for me all the visions and consolations of my youth6 ,how did ,i ever bear it8 ,how did ,i survive and surmount such wounds8 ,how did my soul rise again out of those sepulchres8 ,yea1 something invulnerable1 unburiable is with me1 something that would rend rocks asunder3 it is called ,,my ,,will4 ,silently doth it proceed1 and unchanged throughout the years4 ,its course will it go upon my feet1 mine old ,will2 hard of heart is its nature and invulnerable4 ,invulnerable am ,i only in my heel4 ,ever livest thou there1 and art like thyself1 thou most patient one6 ,ever hast thou burst all shackles of the tomb6 ,in thee still liveth also the unrealisedness of my youth2 and as life and youth sittest thou here hopeful on the yellow ruins of graves4 ,yea1 thou art still for me the demolisher of all graves3 ,hail to thee1 my ,will6 ,and only where there are graves are there resurrections4-- ,thus sang ,zarathustra4 ,,xxxiv4 ,,self-,,surpassing4 8,will to ,truth0 do ye call it1 ye wisest ones1 that which impelleth you and maketh you ardent8 ,will for the thinkableness of all being3 thus do ,i call your will6 ,all being would ye ,,make thinkable3 for ye doubt with good reason whether it be already thinkable4 ,but it shall accommodate and bend itself to you6 ,so willeth your will4 ,smooth shall it become and subject to the spirit1 as its mirror and reflection4 ,that is your entire will1 ye wisest ones1 as a ,will to ,power2 and even when ye speak of good and evil1 and of estimates of value4 ,ye would still create a world before which ye can bow the knee3 such is your ultimate hope and ecstasy4 ,the ignorant1 to be sure1 the people--they are like a river on which a boat floateth along3 and in the boat sit the estimates of value1 solemn and disguised4 ,your will and your valuations have ye put on the river of becoming2 it betrayeth unto me an old ,will to ,power1 what is believed by the people as good and evil4 ,it was ye1 ye wisest ones1 who put such guests in this boat1 and gave them pomp and proud names--ye and your ruling ,will6 ,onward the river now carrieth your boat3 it ,,must carry it4 ,a small matter if the rough wave foameth and angrily resisteth its keel6 ,it is not the river that is your danger and the end of your good and evil1 ye wisest ones3 but that ,will itself1 the ,will to ,power--the unexhausted1 procreating life-will4 ,but that ye may understand my gospel of good and evil1 for that purpose will ,i tell you my gospel of life1 and of the nature of all living things4 ,the living thing did ,i follow2 ,i walked in the broadest and narrowest paths to learn its nature4 ,with a hundred-faced mirror did ,i catch its glance when its mouth was shut1 so that its eye might speak unto me4 ,and its eye spake unto me4 ,but wherever ,i found living things1 there heard ,i also the language of obedience4 ,all living things are obeying things4 ,and this heard ,i secondly3 ,whatever cannot obey itself1 is commanded4 ,such is the nature of living things4 ,this1 however1 is the third thing which ,i heard--namely1 that commanding is more difficult than obeying4 ,and not only because the commander beareth the burden of all obeyers1 and because this burden readily crusheth him3-- ,an attempt and a risk seemed all commanding unto me2 and whenever it commandeth1 the living thing risketh itself thereby4 ,yea1 even when it commandeth itself1 then also must it atone for its commanding4 ,of its own law must it become the judge and avenger and victim4 ,how doth this happen6 so did ,i ask myself4 ,what persuadeth the living thing to obey1 and command1 and even be obedient in commanding8 ,hearken now unto my word1 ye wisest ones6 ,test it seriously1 whether ,i have crept into the heart of life itself1 and into the roots of its heart6 ,wherever ,i found a living thing1 there found ,i ,will to ,power2 and even in the will of the servant found ,i the will to be master4 ,that to the stronger the weaker shall serve--thereto persuadeth he his will who would be master over a still weaker one4 ,that delight alone he is unwilling to forego4 ,and as the lesser surrendereth himself to the greater that he may have delight and power over the least of all1 so doth even the greatest surrender himself1 and staketh--life1 for the sake of power4 ,it is the surrender of the greatest to run risk and danger1 and play dice for death4 ,and where there is sacrifice and service and love-glances1 there also is the will to be master4 ,by by-ways doth the weaker then slink into the fortress1 and into the heart of the mightier one--and there stealeth power4 ,and this secret spake ,life herself unto me4 8,behold10 said she1 8,i am that ,,which ,,must ,,ever ,,surpass ,,itself4 ,to be sure1 ye call it will to procreation1 or impulse towards a goal1 towards the higher1 remoter1 more manifold3 but all that is one and the same secret4 ,rather would ,i succumb than disown this one thing2 and verily1 where there is succumbing and leaf-falling1 lo1 there doth ,life sacrifice itself--for power6 ,that ,i have to be struggle1 and becoming1 and purpose1 and cross-purpose--ah1 he who divineth my will1 divineth well also on what ,,crooked paths it hath to tread6 ,whatever ,i create1 and however much ,i love it1--soon must ,i be adverse to it1 and to my love3 so willeth my will4 ,and even thou1 discerning one1 art only a path and footstep of my will3 verily1 my ,will to ,power walketh even on the feet of thy ,will to ,truth6 ,he certainly did not hit the truth who shot at it the formula3 #8,will to existence'3 that will--doth not exist6 ,for what is not1 cannot will2 that1 however1 which is in existence--how could it still strive for existence6 ,only where there is life1 is there also will3 not1 however1 ,will to ,life1 but--so teach ,i thee--,will to ,power6 ,much is reckoned higher than life itself by the living one2 but out of the very reckoning speaketh--the ,will to ,power60-- ,thus did ,life once teach me3 and thereby1 ye wisest ones1 do ,i solve you the riddle of your hearts4 ,verily1 ,i say unto you3 good and evil which would be everlasting--it doth not exist6 ,of its own accord must it ever surpass itself anew4 ,with your values and formulae of good and evil1 ye exercise power1 ye valuing ones3 and that is your secret love1 and the sparkling1 trembling1 and overflowing of your souls4 ,but a stronger power groweth out of your values1 and a new surpassing3 by it breaketh egg and egg-shell4 ,and he who hath to be a creator in good and evil--verily1 he hath first to be a destroyer1 and break values in pieces4 ,thus doth the greatest evil pertain to the greatest good3 that1 however1 is the creating good4-- ,let us ,,speak thereof1 ye wisest ones1 even though it be bad4 ,to be silent is worse2 all suppressed truths become poisonous4 ,and let everything break up which--can break up by our truths6 ,many a house is still to be built6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxxv4 ,,the ,,sublime ,,ones4 ,calm is the bottom of my sea3 who would guess that it hideth droll monsters6 ,unmoved is my depth3 but it sparkleth with swimming enigmas and laughters4 ,a sublime one saw ,i to-day1 a solemn one1 a penitent of the spirit3 ,oh1 how my soul laughed at his ugliness6 ,with upraised breast1 and like those who draw in their breath3 thus did he stand1 the sublime one1 and in silence3 ,o'erhung with ugly truths1 the spoil of his hunting1 and rich in torn raiment2 many thorns also hung on him--but ,i saw no rose4 ,not yet had he learned laughing and beauty4 ,gloomy did this hunter return from the forest of knowledge4 ,from the fight with wild beasts returned he home3 but even yet a wild beast gazeth out of his seriousness--an unconquered wild beast6 ,as a tiger doth he ever stand1 on the point of springing2 but ,i do not like those strained souls2 ungracious is my taste towards all those self-engrossed ones4 ,and ye tell me1 friends1 that there is to be no dispute about taste and tasting8 ,but all life is a dispute about taste and tasting6 ,taste3 that is weight at the same time1 and scales and weigher2 and alas for every living thing that would live without dispute about weight and scales and weigher6 ,should he become weary of his sublimeness1 this sublime one1 then only will his beauty begin--and then only will ,i taste him and find him savoury4 ,and only when he turneth away from himself will he o'erleap his own shadow--and verily6 into ,,his sun4 ,far too long did he sit in the shade2 the cheeks of the penitent of the spirit became pale2 he almost starved on his expectations4 ,contempt is still in his eye1 and loathing hideth in his mouth4 ,to be sure1 he now resteth1 but he hath not yet taken rest in the sunshine4 ,as the ox ought he to do2 and his happiness should smell of the earth1 and not of contempt for the earth4 ,as a white ox would ,i like to see him1 which1 snorting and lowing1 walketh before the ploughshare3 and his lowing should also laud all that is earthly6 ,dark is still his countenance2 the shadow of his hand danceth upon it4 ,o'ershadowed is still the sense of his eye4 ,his deed itself is still the shadow upon him3 his doing obscureth the doer4 ,not yet hath he overcome his deed4 ,to be sure1 ,i love in him the shoulders of the ox3 but now do ,i want to see also the eye of the angel4 ,also his hero-will hath he still to unlearn3 an exalted one shall he be1 and not only a sublime one3--the ether itself should raise him1 the will-less one6 ,he hath subdued monsters1 he hath solved enigmas4 ,but he should also redeem his monsters and enigmas2 into heavenly children should he transform them4 ,as yet hath his knowledge not learned to smile1 and to be without jealousy2 as yet hath his gushing passion not become calm in beauty4 ,verily1 not in satiety shall his longing cease and disappear1 but in beauty6 ,gracefulness belongeth to the munificence of the magnanimous4 ,his arm across his head3 thus should the hero repose2 thus should he also surmount his repose4 ,but precisely to the hero is ,,beauty the hardest thing of all4 ,unattainable is beauty by all ardent wills4 ,a little more1 a little less3 precisely this is much here1 it is the most here4 ,to stand with relaxed muscles and with unharnessed will3 that is the hardest for all of you1 ye sublime ones6 ,when power becometh gracious and descendeth into the visible--,i call such condescension1 beauty4 ,and from no one do ,i want beauty so much as from thee1 thou powerful one3 let thy goodness be thy last self-conquest4 ,all evil do ,i accredit to thee3 therefore do ,i desire of thee the good4 ,verily1 ,i have often laughed at the weaklings1 who think themselves good because they have crippled paws6 ,the virtue of the pillar shalt thou strive after3 more beautiful doth it ever become1 and more graceful--but internally harder and more sustaining--the higher it riseth4 ,yea1 thou sublime one1 one day shalt thou also be beautiful1 and hold up the mirror to thine own beauty4 ,then will thy soul thrill with divine desires2 and there will be adoration even in thy vanity6 ,for this is the secret of the soul3 when the hero hath abandoned it1 then only approacheth it in dreams--the superhero4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxxvi4 ,,the ,,land ,,of ,,culture4 ,too far did ,i fly into the future3 a horror seized upon me4 ,and when ,i looked around me1 lo6 there time was my sole contemporary4 ,then did ,i fly backwards1 homewards--and always faster4 ,thus did ,i come unto you1 ye present-day men1 and into the land of culture4 ,for the first time brought ,i an eye to see you1 and good desire3 verily1 with longing in my heart did ,i come4 ,but how did it turn out with me8 ,although so alarmed--,i had yet to laugh6 ,never did mine eye see anything so motley-coloured6 ,i laughed and laughed1 while my foot still trembled1 and my heart as well4 8,here forsooth1 is the home of all the paintpots10--said ,i4 ,with fifty patches painted on faces and limbs--so sat ye there to mine astonishment1 ye present-day men6 ,and with fifty mirrors around you1 which flattered your play of colours1 and repeated it6 ,verily1 ye could wear no better masks1 ye present-day men1 than your own faces6 ,who could--,,recognise you6 ,written all over with the characters of the past1 and these characters also pencilled over with new characters--thus have ye concealed yourselves well from all decipherers6 ,and though one be a trier of the reins1 who still believeth that ye have reins6 ,out of colours ye seem to be baked1 and out of glued scraps4 ,all times and peoples gaze divers-coloured out of your veils2 all customs and beliefs speak divers-coloured out of your gestures4 ,he who would strip you of veils and wrappers1 and paints and gestures1 would just have enough left to scare the crows4 ,verily1 ,i myself am the scared crow that once saw you naked1 and without paint2 and ,i flew away when the skeleton ogled at me4 ,rather would ,i be a day-labourer in the nether-world1 and among the shades of the bygone6--,fatter and fuller than ye1 are forsooth the nether-worldlings6 ,this1 yea this1 is bitterness to my bowels1 that ,i can neither endure you naked nor clothed1 ye present-day men6 ,all that is unhomelike in the future1 and whatever maketh strayed birds shiver1 is verily more homelike and familiar than your 8reality40 ,for thus speak ye3 8,real are we wholly1 and without faith and superstition03 thus do ye plume yourselves--alas6 even without plumes6 ,indeed1 how would ye be ,,able to believe1 ye divers-coloured ones6--ye who are pictures of all that hath ever been believed6 ,perambulating refutations are ye1 of belief itself1 and a dislocation of all thought4 ,,untrustworthy ,,ones3 thus do ,i call you1 ye real ones6 ,all periods prate against one another in your spirits2 and the dreams and pratings of all periods were even realer than your awakeness6 ,unfruitful are ye3 ,,therefore do ye lack belief4 ,but he who had to create1 had always his presaging dreams and astral premonitions--and believed in believing6-- ,half-open doors are ye1 at which grave-diggers wait4 ,and this is ,,your reality3 8,everything deserveth to perish40 ,alas1 how ye stand there before me1 ye unfruitful ones2 how lean your ribs6 ,and many of you surely have had knowledge thereof4 ,many a one hath said3 8,there hath surely a ,god filched something from me secretly whilst ,i slept8 ,verily1 enough to make a girl for himself therefrom6 8,amazing is the poverty of my ribs60 thus hath spoken many a present-day man4 ,yea1 ye are laughable unto me1 ye present-day men6 ,and especially when ye marvel at yourselves6 ,and woe unto me if ,i could not laugh at your marvelling1 and had to swallow all that is repugnant in your platters6 ,as it is1 however1 ,i will make lighter of you1 since ,i have to carry what is heavy2 and what matter if beetles and ,may-bugs also alight on my load6 ,verily1 it shall not on that account become heavier to me6 ,and not from you1 ye present-day men1 shall my great weariness arise4-- ,ah1 whither shall ,i now ascend with my longing6 ,from all mountains do ,i look out for fatherlands and motherlands4 ,but a home have ,i found nowhere3 unsettled am ,i in all cities1 and decamping at all gates4 ,alien to me1 and a mockery1 are the present-day men1 to whom of late my heart impelled me2 and exiled am ,i from fatherlands and motherlands4 ,thus do ,i love only my ,,children',s ,,land1 the undiscovered in the remotest sea3 for it do ,i bid my sails search and search4 ,unto my children will ,i make amends for being the child of my fathers3 and unto all the future--for ,,this present-day6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxxvii4 ,,immaculate ,,perception4 ,when yester-eve the moon arose1 then did ,i fancy it about to bear a sun3 so broad and teeming did it lie on the horizon4 ,but it was a liar with its pregnancy2 and sooner will ,i believe in the man in the moon than in the woman4 ,to be sure1 little of a man is he also1 that timid night-reveller4 ,verily1 with a bad conscience doth he stalk over the roofs4 ,for he is covetous and jealous1 the monk in the moon2 covetous of the earth1 and all the joys of lovers4 ,nay1 ,i like him not1 that tom-cat on the roofs6 ,hateful unto me are all that slink around half-closed windows6 ,piously and silently doth he stalk along on the star-carpets3--but ,i like no light-treading human feet1 on which not even a spur jingleth4 ,every honest one's step speaketh2 the cat however1 stealeth along over the ground4 ,lo6 cat-like doth the moon come along1 and dishonestly4-- ,this parable speak ,i unto you sentimental dissemblers1 unto you1 the 8pure discerners60 ,you do ,i call--covetous ones6 ,also ye love the earth1 and the earthly3 ,i have divined you well6--but shame is in your love1 and a bad conscience--ye are like the moon6 ,to despise the earthly hath your spirit been persuaded1 but not your bowels3 these1 however1 are the strongest in you6 ,and now is your spirit ashamed to be at the service of your bowels1 and goeth by-ways and lying ways to escape its own shame4 8,that would be the highest thing for me0--so saith your lying spirit unto itself--8to gaze upon life without desire1 and not like the dog1 with hanging-out tongue3 ,to be happy in gazing3 with dead will1 free from the grip and greed of selfishness--cold and ashy-grey all over1 but with intoxicated moon-eyes6 ,that would be the dearest thing to me0--thus doth the seduced one seduce himself1--8to love the earth as the moon loveth it1 and with the eye only to feel its beauty4 ,and this do ,i call ,,immaculate perception of all things3 to want nothing else from them1 but to be allowed to lie before them as a mirror with a hundred facets40-- ,oh1 ye sentimental dissemblers1 ye covetous ones6 ,ye lack innocence in your desire3 and now do ye defame desiring on that account6 ,verily1 not as creators1 as procreators1 or as jubilators do ye love the earth6 ,where is innocence8 ,where there is will to procreation4 ,and he who seeketh to create beyond himself1 hath for me the purest will4 ,where is beauty8 ,where ,i ,,must ,,will with my whole ,will2 where ,i will love and perish1 that an image may not remain merely an image4 ,loving and perishing3 these have rhymed from eternity4 ,will to love3 that is to be ready also for death4 ,thus do ,i speak unto you cowards6 ,but now doth your emasculated ogling profess to be 8contemplation60 ,and that which can be examined with cowardly eyes is to be christened 8beautiful60 ,oh1 ye violators of noble names6 ,but it shall be your curse1 ye immaculate ones1 ye pure discerners1 that ye shall never bring forth1 even though ye lie broad and teeming on the horizon6 ,verily1 ye fill your mouth with noble words3 and we are to believe that your heart overfloweth1 ye cozeners8 ,but ,,my words are poor1 contemptible1 stammering words3 gladly do ,i pick up what falleth from the table at your repasts4 ,yet still can ,i say therewith the truth--to dissemblers6 ,yea1 my fish-bones1 shells1 and prickly leaves shall--tickle the noses of dissemblers6 ,bad air is always about you and your repasts3 your lascivious thoughts1 your lies1 and secrets are indeed in the air6 ,dare only to believe in yourselves--in yourselves and in your inward parts6 ,he who doth not believe in himself always lieth4 ,a ,god's mask have ye hung in front of you1 ye 8pure ones03 into a ,god's mask hath your execrable coiling snake crawled4 ,verily ye deceive1 ye 8contemplative ones60 ,even ,zarathustra was once the dupe of your godlike exterior2 he did not divine the serpent's coil with which it was stuffed4 ,a ,god's soul1 ,i once thought ,i saw playing in your games1 ye pure discerners6 ,no better arts did ,i once dream of than your arts6 ,serpents' filth and evil odour1 the distance concealed from me3 and that a lizard's craft prowled thereabouts lasciviously4 ,but ,i came ,,nigh unto you3 then came to me the day1--and now cometh it to you1--at an end is the moon's love affair6 ,see there6 ,surprised and pale doth it stand--before the rosy dawn6 ,for already she cometh1 the glowing one1--,,her love to the earth cometh6 ,innocence and creative desire1 is all solar love6 ,see there1 how she cometh impatiently over the sea6 ,do ye not feel the thirst and the hot breath of her love8 ,at the sea would she suck1 and drink its depths to her height3 now riseth the desire of the sea with its thousand breasts4 ,kissed and sucked ,,would it be by the thirst of the sun2 vapour ,,would it become1 and height1 and path of light1 and light itself6 ,verily1 like the sun do ,i love life1 and all deep seas4 ,and this meaneth ,,to ,,me knowledge3 all that is deep shall ascend--to my height6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxxviii4 ,,scholars4 ,when ,i lay asleep1 then did a sheep eat at the ivy-wreath on my head1--it ate1 and said thereby3 8,zarathustra is no longer a scholar40 ,it said this1 and went away clumsily and proudly4 ,a child told it to me4 ,i like to lie here where the children play1 beside the ruined wall1 among thistles and red poppies4 ,a scholar am ,i still to the children1 and also to the thistles and red poppies4 ,innocent are they1 even in their wickedness4 ,but to the sheep ,i am no longer a scholar3 so willeth my lot--blessings upon it6 ,for this is the truth3 ,i have departed from the house of the scholars1 and the door have ,i also slammed behind me4 ,too long did my soul sit hungry at their table3 not like them have ,i got the knack of investigating1 as the knack of nut-cracking4 ,freedom do ,i love1 and the air over fresh soil2 rather would ,i sleep on ox-skins than on their honours and dignities4 ,i am too hot and scorched with mine own thought3 often is it ready to take away my breath4 ,then have ,i to go into the open air1 and away from all dusty rooms4 ,but they sit cool in the cool shade3 they want in everything to be merely spectators1 and they avoid sitting where the sun burneth on the steps4 ,like those who stand in the street and gape at the passers-by3 thus do they also wait1 and gape at the thoughts which others have thought4 ,should one lay hold of them1 then do they raise a dust like flour-sacks1 and involuntarily3 but who would divine that their dust came from corn1 and from the yellow delight of the summer fields8 ,when they give themselves out as wise1 then do their petty sayings and truths chill me3 in their wisdom there is often an odour as if it came from the swamp2 and verily1 ,i have even heard the frog croak in it6 ,clever are they--they have dexterous fingers3 what doth ,,my simplicity pretend to beside their multiplicity6 ,all threading and knitting and weaving do their fingers understand3 thus do they make the hose of the spirit6 ,good clockworks are they3 only be careful to wind them up properly6 ,then do they indicate the hour without mistake1 and make a modest noise thereby4 ,like millstones do they work1 and like pestles3 throw only seed-corn unto them6--they know well how to grind corn small1 and make white dust out of it4 ,they keep a sharp eye on one another1 and do not trust each other the best4 ,ingenious in little artifices1 they wait for those whose knowledge walketh on lame feet1--like spiders do they wait4 ,i saw them always prepare their poison with precaution2 and always did they put glass gloves on their fingers in doing so4 ,they also know how to play with false dice2 and so eagerly did ,i find them playing1 that they perspired thereby4 ,we are alien to each other1 and their virtues are even more repugnant to my taste than their falsehoods and false dice4 ,and when ,i lived with them1 then did ,i live above them4 ,therefore did they take a dislike to me4 ,they want to hear nothing of any one walking above their heads2 and so they put wood and earth and rubbish betwixt me and their heads4 ,thus did they deafen the sound of my tread3 and least have ,i hitherto been heard by the most learned4 ,all mankind's faults and weaknesses did they put betwixt themselves and me3--they call it 8false ceiling0 in their houses4 ,but nevertheless ,i walk with my thoughts ,,above their heads2 and even should ,i walk on mine own errors1 still would ,i be above them and their heads4 ,for men are ,,not equal3 so speaketh justice4 ,and what ,i will1 ,,they may not will6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xxxix4 ,,poets4 8,since ,i have known the body better0--said ,zarathustra to one of his disciples--8the spirit hath only been to me symbolically spirit2 and all the #8imperishable'--that is also but a simile40 8,so have ,i heard thee say once before10 answered the disciple1 8and then thou addedst3 #8,but the poets lie too much4' ,why didst thou say that the poets lie too much80 8,why80 said ,zarathustra4 8,thou askest why8 ,i do not belong to those who may be asked after their ,why4 ,is my experience but of yesterday8 ,it is long ago that ,i experienced the reasons for mine opinions4 ,should ,i not have to be a cask of memory1 if ,i also wanted to have my reasons with me8 ,it is already too much for me even to retain mine opinions2 and many a bird flieth away4 ,and sometimes1 also1 do ,i find a fugitive creature in my dovecote1 which is alien to me1 and trembleth when ,i lay my hand upon it4 ,but what did ,zarathustra once say unto thee8 ,that the poets lie too much8--,but ,zarathustra also is a poet4 ,believest thou that he there spake the truth8 ,why dost thou believe it80 ,the disciple answered3 8,i believe in ,zarathustra40 ,but ,zarathustra shook his head and smiled4-- ,belief doth not sanctify me1 said he1 least of all the belief in myself4 ,but granting that some one did say in all seriousness that the poets lie too much3 he was right--,,we do lie too much4 ,we also know too little1 and are bad learners3 so we are obliged to lie4 ,and which of us poets hath not adulterated his wine8 ,many a poisonous hotchpotch hath evolved in our cellars3 many an indescribable thing hath there been done4 ,and because we know little1 therefore are we pleased from the heart with the poor in spirit1 especially when they are young women6 ,and even of those things are we desirous1 which old women tell one another in the evening4 ,this do we call the eternally feminine in us4 ,and as if there were a special secret access to knowledge1 which ,,choketh ,,up for those who learn anything1 so do we believe in the people and in their 8wisdom40 ,this1 however1 do all poets believe3 that whoever pricketh up his ears when lying in the grass or on lonely slopes1 learneth something of the things that are betwixt heaven and earth4 ,and if there come unto them tender emotions1 then do the poets always think that nature herself is in love with them3 ,and that she stealeth to their ear to whisper secrets into it1 and amorous flatteries3 of this do they plume and pride themselves1 before all mortals6 ,ah1 there are so many things betwixt heaven and earth of which only the poets have dreamed6 ,and especially ,,above the heavens3 for all ,gods are poet-symbolisations1 poet-sophistications6 ,verily1 ever are we drawn aloft--that is1 to the realm of the clouds3 on these do we set our gaudy puppets1 and then call them ,gods and ,supermen3-- ,are not they light enough for those chairs6--all these ,gods and ,supermen8-- ,ah1 how ,i am weary of all the inadequate that is insisted on as actual6 ,ah1 how ,i am weary of the poets6 ,when ,zarathustra so spake1 his disciple resented it1 but was silent4 ,and ,zarathustra also was silent2 and his eye directed itself inwardly1 as if it gazed into the far distance4 ,at last he sighed and drew breath4-- ,i am of to-day and heretofore1 said he thereupon2 but something is in me that is of the morrow1 and the day following1 and the hereafter4 ,i became weary of the poets1 of the old and of the new3 superficial are they all unto me1 and shallow seas4 ,they did not think sufficiently into the depth2 therefore their feeling did not reach to the bottom4 ,some sensation of voluptuousness and some sensation of tedium3 these have as yet been their best contemplation4 ,ghost-breathing and ghost-whisking1 seemeth to me all the jingle-jangling of their harps2 what have they known hitherto of the fervour of tones6-- ,they are also not pure enough for me3 they all muddle their water that it may seem deep4 ,and fain would they thereby prove themselves reconcilers3 but mediaries and mixers are they unto me1 and half-and-half1 and impure6-- ,ah1 ,i cast indeed my net into their sea1 and meant to catch good fish2 but always did ,i draw up the head of some ancient ,god4 ,thus did the sea give a stone to the hungry one4 ,and they themselves may well originate from the sea4 ,certainly1 one findeth pearls in them3 thereby they are the more like hard molluscs4 ,and instead of a soul1 ,i have often found in them salt slime4 ,they have learned from the sea also its vanity3 is not the sea the peacock of peacocks8 ,even before the ugliest of all buffaloes doth it spread out its tail2 never doth it tire of its lace-fan of silver and silk4 ,disdainfully doth the buffalo glance thereat1 nigh to the sand with its soul1 nigher still to the thicket1 nighest1 however1 to the swamp4 ,what is beauty and sea and peacock-splendour to it6 ,this parable ,i speak unto the poets4 ,verily1 their spirit itself is the peacock of peacocks1 and a sea of vanity6 ,spectators1 seeketh the spirit of the poet--should they even be buffaloes6-- ,but of this spirit became ,i weary2 and ,i see the time coming when it will become weary of itself4 ,yea1 changed have ,i seen the poets1 and their glance turned towards themselves4 ,penitents of the spirit have ,i seen appearing2 they grew out of the poets4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xl4 ,,great ,,events4 ,there is an isle in the sea--not far from the ,happy ,isles of ,zarathustra--on which a volcano ever smoketh2 of which isle the people1 and especially the old women amongst them1 say that it is placed as a rock before the gate of the nether-world2 but that through the volcano itself the narrow way leadeth downwards which conducteth to this gate4 ,now about the time that ,zarathustra sojourned on the ,happy ,isles1 it happened that a ship anchored at the isle on which standeth the smoking mountain1 and the crew went ashore to shoot rabbits4 ,about the noontide hour1 however1 when the captain and his men were together again1 they saw suddenly a man coming towards them through the air1 and a voice said distinctly3 8,it is time6 ,it is the highest time60 ,but when the figure was nearest to them 7it flew past quickly1 however1 like a shadow1 in the direction of the volcano71 then did they recognise with the greatest surprise that it was ,zarathustra2 for they had all seen him before except the captain himself1 and they loved him as the people love3 in such wise that love and awe were combined in equal degree4 8,behold60 said the old helmsman1 8there goeth ,zarathustra to hell60 ,about the same time that these sailors landed on the fire-isle1 there was a rumour that ,zarathustra had disappeared2 and when his friends were asked about it1 they said that he had gone on board a ship by night1 without saying whither he was going4 ,thus there arose some uneasiness4 ,after three days1 however1 there came the story of the ship's crew in addition to this uneasiness--and then did all the people say that the devil had taken ,zarathustra4 ,his disciples laughed1 sure enough1 at this talk2 and one of them said even3 8,sooner would ,i believe that ,zarathustra hath taken the devil40 ,but at the bottom of their hearts they were all full of anxiety and longing3 so their joy was great when on the fifth day ,zarathustra appeared amongst them4 ,and this is the account of ,zarathustra's interview with the fire-dog3 ,the earth1 said he1 hath a skin2 and this skin hath diseases4 ,one of these diseases1 for example1 is called 8man40 ,and another of these diseases is called 8the fire-dog03 concerning ,,him men have greatly deceived themselves1 and let themselves be deceived4 ,to fathom this mystery did ,i go o'er the sea2 and ,i have seen the truth naked1 verily6 barefooted up to the neck4 ,now do ,i know how it is concerning the fire-dog2 and likewise concerning all the spouting and subversive devils1 of which not only old women are afraid4 8,up with thee1 fire-dog1 out of thy depth60 cried ,i1 8and confess how deep that depth is6 ,whence cometh that which thou snortest up8 ,thou drinkest copiously at the sea3 that doth thine embittered eloquence betray6 ,in sooth1 for a dog of the depth1 thou takest thy nourishment too much from the surface6 ,at the most1 ,i regard thee as the ventriloquist of the earth3 and ever1 when ,i have heard subversive and spouting devils speak1 ,i have found them like thee3 embittered1 mendacious1 and shallow4 ,ye understand how to roar and obscure with ashes6 ,ye are the best braggarts1 and have sufficiently learned the art of making dregs boil4 ,where ye are1 there must always be dregs at hand1 and much that is spongy1 hollow1 and compressed3 it wanteth to have freedom4 #8,freedom' ye all roar most eagerly3 but ,i have unlearned the belief in #8great events1' when there is much roaring and smoke about them4 ,and believe me1 friend ,hullabaloo6 ,the greatest events--are not our noisiest1 but our stillest hours4 ,not around the inventors of new noise1 but around the inventors of new values1 doth the world revolve2 ,,inaudibly it revolveth4 ,and just own to it6 ,little had ever taken place when thy noise and smoke passed away4 ,what1 if a city did become a mummy1 and a statue lay in the mud6 ,and this do ,i say also to the o'erthrowers of statues3 ,it is certainly the greatest folly to throw salt into the sea1 and statues into the mud4 ,in the mud of your contempt lay the statue3 but it is just its law1 that out of contempt1 its life and living beauty grow again6 ,with diviner features doth it now arise1 seducing by its suffering2 and verily6 it will yet thank you for o'erthrowing it1 ye subverters6 ,this counsel1 however1 do ,i counsel to kings and churches1 and to all that is weak with age or virtue--let yourselves be o'erthrown6 ,that ye may again come to life1 and that virtue--may come to you6--0 ,thus spake ,i before the fire-dog3 then did he interrupt me sullenly1 and asked3 8,church8 ,what is that80 8,church80 answered ,i1 8that is a kind of state1 and indeed the most mendacious4 ,but remain quiet1 thou dissembling dog6 ,thou surely knowest thine own species best6 ,like thyself the state is a dissembling dog2 like thee doth it like to speak with smoke and roaring--to make believe1 like thee1 that it speaketh out of the heart of things4 ,for it seeketh by all means to be the most important creature on earth1 the state2 and people think it so40 ,when ,i had said this1 the fire-dog acted as if mad with envy4 8,what60 cried he1 8the most important creature on earth8 ,and people think it so80 ,and so much vapour and terrible voices came out of his throat1 that ,i thought he would choke with vexation and envy4 ,at last he became calmer and his panting subsided2 as soon1 however1 as he was quiet1 ,i said laughingly3 8,thou art angry1 fire-dog3 so ,i am in the right about thee6 ,and that ,i may also maintain the right1 hear the story of another fire-dog2 he speaketh actually out of the heart of the earth4 ,gold doth his breath exhale1 and golden rain3 so doth his heart desire4 ,what are ashes and smoke and hot dregs to him6 ,laughter flitteth from him like a variegated cloud2 adverse is he to thy gargling and spewing and grips in the bowels6 ,the gold1 however1 and the laughter--these doth he take out of the heart of the earth3 for1 that thou mayst know it1--,,the ,,heart ,,of ,,the ,,earth ,,is ,,of ,,gold40 ,when the fire-dog heard this1 he could no longer endure to listen to me4 ,abashed did he draw in his tail1 said 8bow-wow60 in a cowed voice1 and crept down into his cave4-- ,thus told ,zarathustra4 ,his disciples1 however1 hardly listened to him3 so great was their eagerness to tell him about the sailors1 the rabbits1 and the flying man4 8,what am ,i to think of it60 said ,zarathustra4 8,am ,i indeed a ghost8 ,but it may have been my shadow4 ,ye have surely heard something of the ,wanderer and his ,shadow8 ,one thing1 however1 is certain3 ,i must keep a tighter hold of it2 otherwise it will spoil my reputation40 ,and once more ,zarathustra shook his head and wondered4 8,what am ,i to think of it60 said he once more4 8,why did the ghost cry3 #8,it is time6 ,it is the highest time6' ,for what is it then--the highest time80-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xli4 ,,the ,,soothsayer4 8--,and ,i saw a great sadness come over mankind4 ,the best turned weary of their works4 ,a doctrine appeared1 a faith ran beside it3 #8,all is empty1 all is alike1 all hath been6' ,and from all hills there re-echoed3 #8,all is empty1 all is alike1 all hath been6' ,to be sure we have harvested3 but why have all our fruits become rotten and brown8 ,what was it fell last night from the evil moon8 ,in vain was all our labour1 poison hath our wine become1 the evil eye hath singed yellow our fields and hearts4 ,arid have we all become2 and fire falling upon us1 then do we turn dust like ashes3--yea1 the fire itself have we made aweary4 ,all our fountains have dried up1 even the sea hath receded4 ,all the ground trieth to gape1 but the depth will not swallow6 #8,alas6 where is there still a sea in which one could be drowned8' so soundeth our plaint--across shallow swamps4 ,verily1 even for dying have we become too weary2 now do we keep awake and live on--in sepulchres40 ,thus did ,zarathustra hear a soothsayer speak2 and the foreboding touched his heart and transformed him4 ,sorrowfully did he go about and wearily2 and he became like unto those of whom the soothsayer had spoken4-- ,verily1 said he unto his disciples1 a little while1 and there cometh the long twilight4 ,alas1 how shall ,i preserve my light through it6 ,that it may not smother in this sorrowfulness6 ,to remoter worlds shall it be a light1 and also to remotest nights6 ,thus did ,zarathustra go about grieved in his heart1 and for three days he did not take any meat or drink3 he had no rest1 and lost his speech4 ,at last it came to pass that he fell into a deep sleep4 ,his disciples1 however1 sat around him in long night-watches1 and waited anxiously to see if he would awake1 and speak again1 and recover from his affliction4 ,and this is the discourse that ,zarathustra spake when he awoke2 his voice1 however1 came unto his disciples as from afar3 ,hear1 ,i pray you1 the dream that ,i dreamed1 my friends1 and help me to divine its meaning6 ,a riddle is it still unto me1 this dream2 the meaning is hidden in it and encaged1 and doth not yet fly above it on free pinions4 ,all life had ,i renounced1 so ,i dreamed4 ,night-watchman and grave-guardian had ,i become1 aloft1 in the lone mountain-fortress of ,death4 ,there did ,i guard his coffins3 full stood the musty vaults of those trophies of victory4 ,out of glass coffins did vanquished life gaze upon me4 ,the odour of dust-covered eternities did ,i breathe3 sultry and dust-covered lay my soul4 ,and who could have aired his soul there6 ,brightness of midnight was ever around me2 lonesomeness cowered beside her2 and as a third1 death-rattle stillness1 the worst of my female friends4 ,keys did ,i carry1 the rustiest of all keys2 and ,i knew how to open with them the most creaking of all gates4 ,like a bitterly angry croaking ran the sound through the long corridors when the leaves of the gate opened3 ungraciously did this bird cry1 unwillingly was it awakened4 ,but more frightful even1 and more heart-strangling was it1 when it again became silent and still all around1 and ,i alone sat in that malignant silence4 ,thus did time pass with me1 and slip by1 if time there still was3 what do ,i know thereof6 ,but at last there happened that which awoke me4 ,thrice did there peal peals at the gate like thunders1 thrice did the vaults resound and howl again3 then did ,i go to the gate4 ,alpa6 cried ,i1 who carrieth his ashes unto the mountain8 ,alpa6 ,alpa6 who carrieth his ashes unto the mountain8 ,and ,i pressed the key1 and pulled at the gate1 and exerted myself4 ,but not a finger's-breadth was it yet open3 ,then did a roaring wind tear the folds apart3 whistling1 whizzing1 and piercing1 it threw unto me a black coffin4 ,and in the roaring1 and whistling1 and whizzing the coffin burst up1 and spouted out a thousand peals of laughter4 ,and a thousand caricatures of children1 angels1 owls1 fools1 and child-sized butterflies laughed and mocked1 and roared at me4 ,fearfully was ,i terrified thereby3 it prostrated me4 ,and ,i cried with horror as ,i ne'er cried before4 ,but mine own crying awoke me3--and ,i came to myself4-- ,thus did ,zarathustra relate his dream1 and then was silent3 for as yet he knew not the interpretation thereof4 ,but the disciple whom he loved most arose quickly1 seized ,zarathustra's hand1 and said3 8,thy life itself interpreteth unto us this dream1 ,o ,zarathustra6 ,art thou not thyself the wind with shrill whistling1 which bursteth open the gates of the fortress of ,death8 ,art thou not thyself the coffin full of many-hued malices and angel-caricatures of life8 ,verily1 like a thousand peals of children's laughter cometh ,zarathustra into all sepulchres1 laughing at those night-watchmen and grave-guardians1 and whoever else rattleth with sinister keys4 ,with thy laughter wilt thou frighten and prostrate them3 fainting and recovering will demonstrate thy power over them4 ,and when the long twilight cometh and the mortal weariness1 even then wilt thou not disappear from our firmament1 thou advocate of life6 ,new stars hast thou made us see1 and new nocturnal glories3 verily1 laughter itself hast thou spread out over us like a many-hued canopy4 ,now will children's laughter ever from coffins flow2 now will a strong wind ever come victoriously unto all mortal weariness3 of this thou art thyself the pledge and the prophet6 ,verily1 ,,they ,,themselves ,,didst ,,thou ,,dream1 thine enemies3 that was thy sorest dream4 ,but as thou awokest from them and camest to thyself1 so shall they awaken from themselves--and come unto thee60 ,thus spake the disciple2 and all the others then thronged around ,zarathustra1 grasped him by the hands1 and tried to persuade him to leave his bed and his sadness1 and return unto them4 ,zarathustra1 however1 sat upright on his couch1 with an absent look4 ,like one returning from long foreign sojourn did he look on his disciples1 and examined their features2 but still he knew them not4 ,when1 however1 they raised him1 and set him upon his feet1 behold1 all on a sudden his eye changed2 he understood everything that had happened1 stroked his beard1 and said with a strong voice3 8,well6 this hath just its time2 but see to it1 my disciples1 that we have a good repast2 and without delay6 ,thus do ,i mean to make amends for bad dreams6 ,the soothsayer1 however1 shall eat and drink at my side3 and verily1 ,i will yet show him a sea in which he can drown himself60-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,then did he gaze long into the face of the disciple who had been the dream-interpreter1 and shook his head4-- ,,xlii4 ,,redemption4 ,when ,zarathustra went one day over the great bridge1 then did the cripples and beggars surround him1 and a hunchback spake thus unto him3 8,behold1 ,zarathustra6 ,even the people learn from thee1 and acquire faith in thy teaching3 but for them to believe fully in thee1 one thing is still needful--thou must first of all convince us cripples6 ,here hast thou now a fine selection1 and verily1 an opportunity with more than one forelock6 ,the blind canst thou heal1 and make the lame run2 and from him who hath too much behind1 couldst thou well1 also1 take away a little2--that1 ,i think1 would be the right method to make the cripples believe in ,zarathustra60 ,zarathustra1 however1 answered thus unto him who so spake3 ,when one taketh his hump from the hunchback1 then doth one take from him his spirit--so do the people teach4 ,and when one giveth the blind man eyes1 then doth he see too many bad things on the earth3 so that he curseth him who healed him4 ,he1 however1 who maketh the lame man run1 inflicteth upon him the greatest injury2 for hardly can he run1 when his vices run away with him--so do the people teach concerning cripples4 ,and why should not ,zarathustra also learn from the people1 when the people learn from ,zarathustra8 ,it is1 however1 the smallest thing unto me since ,i have been amongst men1 to see one person lacking an eye1 another an ear1 and a third a leg1 and that others have lost the tongue1 or the nose1 or the head4 ,i see and have seen worse things1 and divers things so hideous1 that ,i should neither like to speak of all matters1 nor even keep silent about some of them3 namely1 men who lack everything1 except that they have too much of one thing--men who are nothing more than a big eye1 or a big mouth1 or a big belly1 or something else big1--reversed cripples1 ,i call such men4 ,and when ,i came out of my solitude1 and for the first time passed over this bridge1 then ,i could not trust mine eyes1 but looked again and again1 and said at last3 8,that is an ear6 ,an ear as big as a man60 ,i looked still more attentively--and actually there did move under the ear something that was pitiably small and poor and slim4 ,and in truth this immense ear was perched on a small thin stalk--the stalk1 however1 was a man6 ,a person putting a glass to his eyes1 could even recognise further a small envious countenance1 and also that a bloated soullet dangled at the stalk4 ,the people told me1 however1 that the big ear was not only a man1 but a great man1 a genius4 ,but ,i never believed in the people when they spake of great men--and ,i hold to my belief that it was a reversed cripple1 who had too little of everything1 and too much of one thing4 ,when ,zarathustra had spoken thus unto the hunchback1 and unto those of whom the hunchback was the mouthpiece and advocate1 then did he turn to his disciples in profound dejection1 and said3 ,verily1 my friends1 ,i walk amongst men as amongst the fragments and limbs of human beings6 ,this is the terrible thing to mine eye1 that ,i find man broken up1 and scattered about1 as on a battle- and butcher-ground4 ,and when mine eye fleeth from the present to the bygone1 it findeth ever the same3 fragments and limbs and fearful chances--but no men6 ,the present and the bygone upon earth--ah6 my friends--that is ,,my most unbearable trouble2 and ,i should not know how to live1 if ,i were not a seer of what is to come4 ,a seer1 a purposer1 a creator1 a future itself1 and a bridge to the future--and alas6 also as it were a cripple on this bridge3 all that is ,zarathustra4 ,and ye also asked yourselves often3 8,who is ,zarathustra to us8 ,what shall he be called by us80 ,and like me1 did ye give yourselves questions for answers4 ,is he a promiser8 ,or a fulfiller8 ,a conqueror8 ,or an inheritor8 ,a harvest8 ,or a ploughshare8 ,a physician8 ,or a healed one8 ,is he a poet8 ,or a genuine one8 ,an emancipator8 ,or a subjugator8 ,a good one8 ,or an evil one8 ,i walk amongst men as the fragments of the future3 that future which ,i contemplate4 ,and it is all my poetisation and aspiration to compose and collect into unity what is fragment and riddle and fearful chance4 ,and how could ,i endure to be a man1 if man were not also the composer1 and riddle-reader1 and redeemer of chance6 ,to redeem what is past1 and to transform every 8,it was0 into 8,thus would ,i have it60--that only do ,i call redemption6 ,will--so is the emancipator and joy-bringer called3 thus have ,i taught you1 my friends6 ,but now learn this likewise3 the ,will itself is still a prisoner4 ,willing emancipateth3 but what is that called which still putteth the emancipator in chains8 8,it was03 thus is the ,will's teeth-gnashing and lonesomest tribulation called4 ,impotent towards what hath been done--it is a malicious spectator of all that is past4 ,not backward can the ,will will2 that it cannot break time and time's desire--that is the ,will's lonesomest tribulation4 ,willing emancipateth3 what doth ,willing itself devise in order to get free from its tribulation and mock at its prison8 ,ah1 a fool becometh every prisoner6 ,foolishly delivereth itself also the imprisoned ,will4 ,that time doth not run backward--that is its animosity3 8,that which was03 so is the stone which it cannot roll called4 ,and thus doth it roll stones out of animosity and ill-humour1 and taketh revenge on whatever doth not1 like it1 feel rage and ill-humour4 ,thus did the ,will1 the emancipator1 become a torturer2 and on all that is capable of suffering it taketh revenge1 because it cannot go backward4 ,this1 yea1 this alone is ,,revenge itself3 the ,will's antipathy to time1 and its 8,it was40 ,verily1 a great folly dwelleth in our ,will2 and it became a curse unto all humanity1 that this folly acquired spirit6 ,,the ,,spirit ,,of ,,revenge3 my friends1 that hath hitherto been man's best contemplation2 and where there was suffering1 it was claimed there was always penalty4 8,penalty10 so calleth itself revenge4 ,with a lying word it feigneth a good conscience4 ,and because in the willer himself there is suffering1 because he cannot will backwards--thus was ,willing itself1 and all life1 claimed--to be penalty6 ,and then did cloud after cloud roll over the spirit1 until at last madness preached3 8,everything perisheth1 therefore everything deserveth to perish60 8,and this itself is justice1 the law of time--that he must devour his children30 thus did madness preach4 8,morally are things ordered according to justice and penalty4 ,oh1 where is there deliverance from the flux of things and from the #8existence' of penalty80 ,thus did madness preach4 8,can there be deliverance when there is eternal justice8 ,alas1 unrollable is the stone1 #8,it was'3 eternal must also be all penalties60 ,thus did madness preach4 8,no deed can be annihilated3 how could it be undone by the penalty6 ,this1 this is what is eternal in the #8existence' of penalty1 that existence also must be eternally recurring deed and guilt6 ,unless the ,will should at last deliver itself1 and ,willing become non-,willing--30 but ye know1 my brethren1 this fabulous song of madness6 ,away from those fabulous songs did ,i lead you when ,i taught you3 8,the ,will is a creator40 ,all 8,it was0 is a fragment1 a riddle1 a fearful chance--until the creating ,will saith thereto3 8,but thus would ,i have it40-- ,until the creating ,will saith thereto3 8,but thus do ,i will it6 ,thus shall ,i will it60 ,but did it ever speak thus8 ,and when doth this take place8 ,hath the ,will been unharnessed from its own folly8 ,hath the ,will become its own deliverer and joy-bringer8 ,hath it unlearned the spirit of revenge and all teeth-gnashing8 ,and who hath taught it reconciliation with time1 and something higher than all reconciliation8 ,something higher than all reconciliation must the ,will will which is the ,will to ,power--3 but how doth that take place8 ,who hath taught it also to will backwards8 --,but at this point in his discourse it chanced that ,zarathustra suddenly paused1 and looked like a person in the greatest alarm4 ,with terror in his eyes did he gaze on his disciples2 his glances pierced as with arrows their thoughts and arrear-thoughts4 ,but after a brief space he again laughed1 and said soothedly3 8,it is difficult to live amongst men1 because silence is so difficult-- especially for a babbler40-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,the hunchback1 however1 had listened to the conversation and had covered his face during the time2 but when he heard ,zarathustra laugh1 he looked up with curiosity1 and said slowly3 8,but why doth ,zarathustra speak otherwise unto us than unto his disciples80 ,zarathustra answered3 8,what is there to be wondered at6 ,with hunchbacks one may well speak in a hunchbacked way60 8,very good10 said the hunchback2 8and with pupils one may well tell tales out of school4 ,but why doth ,zarathustra speak otherwise unto his pupils--than unto himself80-- ,,xliii4 ,,manly ,,prudence4 ,not the height1 it is the declivity that is terrible6 ,the declivity1 where the gaze shooteth ,,downwards1 and the hand graspeth ,,upwards4 ,there doth the heart become giddy through its double will4 ,ah1 friends1 do ye divine also my heart's double will8 ,this1 this is ,,my declivity and my danger1 that my gaze shooteth towards the summit1 and my hand would fain clutch and lean--on the depth6 ,to man clingeth my will2 with chains do ,i bind myself to man1 because ,i am pulled upwards to the ,superman3 for thither doth mine other will tend4 ,and ,,therefore do ,i live blindly among men1 as if ,i knew them not3 that my hand may not entirely lose belief in firmness4 ,i know not you men3 this gloom and consolation is often spread around me4 ,i sit at the gateway for every rogue1 and ask3 ,who wisheth to deceive me8 ,this is my first manly prudence1 that ,i allow myself to be deceived1 so as not to be on my guard against deceivers4 ,ah1 if ,i were on my guard against man1 how could man be an anchor to my ball6 ,too easily would ,i be pulled upwards and away6 ,this providence is over my fate1 that ,i have to be without foresight4 ,and he who would not languish amongst men1 must learn to drink out of all glasses2 and he who would keep clean amongst men1 must know how to wash himself even with dirty water4 ,and thus spake ,i often to myself for consolation3 8,courage6 ,cheer up6 old heart6 ,an unhappiness hath failed to befall thee3 enjoy that as thy--happiness60 ,this1 however1 is mine other manly prudence3 ,i am more forbearing to the ,,vain than to the proud4 ,is not wounded vanity the mother of all tragedies8 ,where1 however1 pride is wounded1 there groweth up something better than pride4 ,that life may be fair to behold1 its game must be well played2 for that purpose1 however1 it needeth good actors4 ,good actors have ,i found all the vain ones3 they play1 and wish people to be fond of beholding them--all their spirit is in this wish4 ,they represent themselves1 they invent themselves2 in their neighbourhood ,i like to look upon life--it cureth of melancholy4 ,therefore am ,i forbearing to the vain1 because they are the physicians of my melancholy1 and keep me attached to man as to a drama4 ,and further1 who conceiveth the full depth of the modesty of the vain man6 ,i am favourable to him1 and sympathetic on account of his modesty4 ,from you would he learn his belief in himself2 he feedeth upon your glances1 he eateth praise out of your hands4 ,your lies doth he even believe when you lie favourably about him3 for in its depths sigheth his heart3 8,what am ,i80 ,and if that be the true virtue which is unconscious of itself--well1 the vain man is unconscious of his modesty6-- ,this is1 however1 my third manly prudence3 ,i am not put out of conceit with the ,,wicked by your timorousness4 ,i am happy to see the marvels the warm sun hatcheth3 tigers and palms and rattle-snakes4 ,also amongst men there is a beautiful brood of the warm sun1 and much that is marvellous in the wicked4 ,in truth1 as your wisest did not seem to me so very wise1 so found ,i also human wickedness below the fame of it4 ,and oft did ,i ask with a shake of the head3 ,why still rattle1 ye rattle-snakes8 ,verily1 there is still a future even for evil6 ,and the warmest south is still undiscovered by man4 ,how many things are now called the worst wickedness1 which are only twelve feet broad and three months long6 ,some day1 however1 will greater dragons come into the world4 ,for that the ,superman may not lack his dragon1 the superdragon that is worthy of him1 there must still much warm sun glow on moist virgin forests6 ,out of your wild cats must tigers have evolved1 and out of your poison-toads1 crocodiles3 for the good hunter shall have a good hunt6 ,and verily1 ye good and just6 ,in you there is much to be laughed at1 and especially your fear of what hath hitherto been called 8the devil60 ,so alien are ye in your souls to what is great1 that to you the ,superman would be ,,frightful in his goodness6 ,and ye wise and knowing ones1 ye would flee from the solar-glow of the wisdom in which the ,superman joyfully batheth his nakedness6 ,ye highest men who have come within my ken6 this is my doubt of you1 and my secret laughter3 ,i suspect ye would call my ,superman--a devil6 ,ah1 ,i became tired of those highest and best ones3 from their 8height0 did ,i long to be up1 out1 and away to the ,superman6 ,a horror came over me when ,i saw those best ones naked3 then there grew for me the pinions to soar away into distant futures4 ,into more distant futures1 into more southern souths than ever artist dreamed of3 thither1 where ,gods are ashamed of all clothes6 ,but disguised do ,i want to see ,,you1 ye neighbours and fellowmen1 and well-attired and vain and estimable1 as 8the good and just20-- ,and disguised will ,i myself sit amongst you--that ,i may ,,mistake you and myself3 for that is my last manly prudence4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xliv4 ,,the ,,stillest ,,hour4 ,what hath happened unto me1 my friends8 ,ye see me troubled1 driven forth1 unwillingly obedient1 ready to go--alas1 to go away from ,,you6 ,yea1 once more must ,zarathustra retire to his solitude3 but unjoyously this time doth the bear go back to his cave6 ,what hath happened unto me8 ,who ordereth this8--,ah1 mine angry mistress wisheth it so2 she spake unto me4 ,have ,i ever named her name to you8 ,yesterday towards evening there spake unto me ,,my ,,stillest ,,hour3 that is the name of my terrible mistress4 ,and thus did it happen--for everything must ,i tell you1 that your heart may not harden against the suddenly departing one6 ,do ye know the terror of him who falleth asleep8-- ,to the very toes he is terrified1 because the ground giveth way under him1 and the dream beginneth4 ,this do ,i speak unto you in parable4 ,yesterday at the stillest hour did the ground give way under me3 the dream began4 ,the hour-hand moved on1 the timepiece of my life drew breath--never did ,i hear such stillness around me1 so that my heart was terrified4 ,then was there spoken unto me without voice3 8,,thou ,,knowest ,,it1 ,,zarathustra80-- ,and ,i cried in terror at this whispering1 and the blood left my face3 but ,i was silent4 ,then was there once more spoken unto me without voice3 8,thou knowest it1 ,zarathustra1 but thou dost not speak it60-- ,and at last ,i answered1 like one defiant3 8,yea1 ,i know it1 but ,i will not speak it60 ,then was there again spoken unto me without voice3 8,thou ,,wilt not1 ,zarathustra8 ,is this true8 ,conceal thyself not behind thy defiance60-- ,and ,i wept and trembled like a child1 and said3 8,ah1 ,i would indeed1 but how can ,i do it6 ,exempt me only from this6 ,it is beyond my power60 ,then was there again spoken unto me without voice3 8,what matter about thyself1 ,zarathustra6 ,speak thy word1 and succumb60 ,and ,i answered3 8,ah1 is it ,,my word8 ,who am ,i8 ,i await the worthier one2 ,i am not worthy even to succumb by it40 ,then was there again spoken unto me without voice3 8,what matter about thyself8 ,thou art not yet humble enough for me4 ,humility hath the hardest skin40-- ,and ,i answered3 8,what hath not the skin of my humility endured6 ,at the foot of my height do ,i dwell3 how high are my summits1 no one hath yet told me4 ,but well do ,i know my valleys40 ,then was there again spoken unto me without voice3 8,o ,zarathustra1 he who hath to remove mountains removeth also valleys and plains40-- ,and ,i answered3 8,as yet hath my word not removed mountains1 and what ,i have spoken hath not reached man4 ,i went1 indeed1 unto men1 but not yet have ,i attained unto them40 ,then was there again spoken unto me without voice3 8,what knowest thou ,,thereof6 ,the dew falleth on the grass when the night is most silent40-- ,and ,i answered3 8,they mocked me when ,i found and walked in mine own path2 and certainly did my feet then tremble4 ,and thus did they speak unto me3 ,thou forgottest the path before1 now dost thou also forget how to walk60 ,then was there again spoken unto me without voice3 8,what matter about their mockery6 ,thou art one who hast unlearned to obey3 now shalt thou command6 ,knowest thou not who is most needed by all8 ,he who commandeth great things4 ,to execute great things is difficult3 but the more difficult task is to command great things4 ,this is thy most unpardonable obstinacy3 thou hast the power1 and thou wilt not rule40-- ,and ,i answered3 8,i lack the lion's voice for all commanding40 ,then was there again spoken unto me as a whispering3 8,it is the stillest words which bring the storm4 ,thoughts that come with doves' footsteps guide the world4 ,o ,zarathustra1 thou shalt go as a shadow of that which is to come3 thus wilt thou command1 and in commanding go foremost40-- ,and ,i answered3 8,i am ashamed40 ,then was there again spoken unto me without voice3 8,thou must yet become a child1 and be without shame4 ,the pride of youth is still upon thee2 late hast thou become young3 but he who would become a child must surmount even his youth40-- ,and ,i considered a long while1 and trembled4 ,at last1 however1 did ,i say what ,i had said at first4 8,i will not40 ,then did a laughing take place all around me4 ,alas1 how that laughing lacerated my bowels and cut into my heart6 ,and there was spoken unto me for the last time3 8,o ,zarathustra1 thy fruits are ripe1 but thou art not ripe for thy fruits6 ,so must thou go again into solitude3 for thou shalt yet become mellow40-- ,and again was there a laughing1 and it fled3 then did it become still around me1 as with a double stillness4 ,i lay1 however1 on the ground1 and the sweat flowed from my limbs4 --,now have ye heard all1 and why ,i have to return into my solitude4 ,nothing have ,i kept hidden from you1 my friends4 ,but even this have ye heard from me1 ,,who is still the most reserved of men--and will be so6 ,ah1 my friends6 ,i should have something more to say unto you6 ,i should have something more to give unto you6 ,why do ,i not give it8 ,am ,i then a niggard8-- ,when1 however1 ,zarathustra had spoken these words1 the violence of his pain1 and a sense of the nearness of his departure from his friends came over him1 so that he wept aloud2 and no one knew how to console him4 ,in the night1 however1 he went away alone and left his friends4 ,,third ,,part4 8,ye look aloft when ye long for exaltation1 and ,i look downward because ,i am exalted4 8,who among you can at the same time laugh and be exalted8 8,he who climbeth on the highest mountains1 laugheth at all tragic plays and tragic realities40--,,zarathustra1 ,i41 8,reading and ,writing40 ,,xlv4 ,,the ,,wanderer4 ,then1 when it was about midnight1 ,zarathustra went his way over the ridge of the isle1 that he might arrive early in the morning at the other coast2 because there he meant to embark4 ,for there was a good roadstead there1 in which foreign ships also liked to anchor3 those ships took many people with them1 who wished to cross over from the ,happy ,isles4 ,so when ,zarathustra thus ascended the mountain1 he thought on the way of his many solitary wanderings from youth onwards1 and how many mountains and ridges and summits he had already climbed4 ,i am a wanderer and mountain-climber1 said he to his heart1 ,i love not the plains1 and it seemeth ,i cannot long sit still4 ,and whatever may still overtake me as fate and experience--a wandering will be therein1 and a mountain-climbing3 in the end one experienceth only oneself4 ,the time is now past when accidents could befall me2 and what ,,could now fall to my lot which would not already be mine own6 ,it returneth only1 it cometh home to me at last--mine own ,self1 and such of it as hath been long abroad1 and scattered among things and accidents4 ,and one thing more do ,i know3 ,i stand now before my last summit1 and before that which hath been longest reserved for me4 ,ah1 my hardest path must ,i ascend6 ,ah1 ,i have begun my lonesomest wandering6 ,he1 however1 who is of my nature doth not avoid such an hour3 the hour that saith unto him3 ,now only dost thou go the way to thy greatness6 ,summit and abyss--these are now comprised together6 ,thou goest the way to thy greatness3 now hath it become thy last refuge1 what was hitherto thy last danger6 ,thou goest the way to thy greatness3 it must now be thy best courage that there is no longer any path behind thee6 ,thou goest the way to thy greatness3 here shall no one steal after thee6 ,thy foot itself hath effaced the path behind thee1 and over it standeth written3 ,impossibility4 ,and if all ladders henceforth fail thee1 then must thou learn to mount upon thine own head3 how couldst thou mount upward otherwise8 ,upon thine own head1 and beyond thine own heart6 ,now must the gentlest in thee become the hardest4 ,he who hath always much-indulged himself1 sickeneth at last by his much-indulgence4 ,praises on what maketh hardy6 ,i do not praise the land where butter and honey--flow6 ,to learn ,,to ,,look ,,away ,,from oneself1 is necessary in order to see ,,many ,,things3--this hardiness is needed by every mountain-climber4 ,he1 however1 who is obtrusive with his eyes as a discerner1 how can he ever see more of anything than its foreground6 ,but thou1 ,o ,zarathustra1 wouldst view the ground of everything1 and its background3 thus must thou mount even above thyself--up1 upwards1 until thou hast even thy stars ,,under thee6 ,yea6 ,to look down upon myself1 and even upon my stars3 that only would ,i call my ,,summit1 that hath remained for me as my ,,last summit6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra to himself while ascending1 comforting his heart with harsh maxims3 for he was sore at heart as he had never been before4 ,and when he had reached the top of the mountain-ridge1 behold1 there lay the other sea spread out before him3 and he stood still and was long silent4 ,the night1 however1 was cold at this height1 and clear and starry4 ,i recognise my destiny1 said he at last1 sadly4 ,well6 ,i am ready4 ,now hath my last lonesomeness begun4 ,ah1 this sombre1 sad sea1 below me6 ,ah1 this sombre nocturnal vexation6 ,ah1 fate and sea6 ,to you must ,i now ,,go ,,down6 ,before my highest mountain do ,i stand1 and before my longest wandering3 therefore must ,i first go deeper down than ,i ever ascended3 --,deeper down into pain than ,i ever ascended1 even into its darkest flood6 ,so willeth my fate4 ,well6 ,i am ready4 ,whence come the highest mountains8 so did ,i once ask4 ,then did ,i learn that they come out of the sea4 ,that testimony is inscribed on their stones1 and on the walls of their summits4 ,out of the deepest must the highest come to its height4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra on the ridge of the mountain where it was cold3 when1 however1 he came into the vicinity of the sea1 and at last stood alone amongst the cliffs1 then had he become weary on his way1 and eagerer than ever before4 ,everything as yet sleepeth1 said he2 even the sea sleepeth4 ,drowsily and strangely doth its eye gaze upon me4 ,but it breatheth warmly--,i feel it4 ,and ,i feel also that it dreameth4 ,it tosseth about dreamily on hard pillows4 ,hark6 ,hark6 ,how it groaneth with evil recollections6 ,or evil expectations8 ,ah1 ,i am sad along with thee1 thou dusky monster1 and angry with myself even for thy sake4 ,ah1 that my hand hath not strength enough6 ,gladly1 indeed1 would ,i free thee from evil dreams6-- ,and while ,zarathustra thus spake1 he laughed at himself with melancholy and bitterness4 ,what6 ,zarathustra1 said he1 wilt thou even sing consolation to the sea8 ,ah1 thou amiable fool1 ,zarathustra1 thou too-blindly confiding one6 ,but thus hast thou ever been3 ever hast thou approached confidently all that is terrible4 ,every monster wouldst thou caress4 ,a whiff of warm breath1 a little soft tuft on its paw--3 and immediately wert thou ready to love and lure it4 ,,love is the danger of the lonesomest one1 love to anything1 ,,if ,,it ,,only ,,live6 ,laughable1 verily1 is my folly and my modesty in love6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra1 and laughed thereby a second time4 ,then1 however1 he thought of his abandoned friends--and as if he had done them a wrong with his thoughts1 he upbraided himself because of his thoughts4 ,and forthwith it came to pass that the laugher wept--with anger and longing wept ,zarathustra bitterly4 ,,xlvi4 ,,the ,,vision ,,and ,,the ,,enigma4 #a4 ,when it got abroad among the sailors that ,zarathustra was on board the ship--for a man who came from the ,happy ,isles had gone on board along with him1--there was great curiosity and expectation4 ,but ,zarathustra kept silent for two days1 and was cold and deaf with sadness2 so that he neither answered looks nor questions4 ,on the evening of the second day1 however1 he again opened his ears1 though he still kept silent3 for there were many curious and dangerous things to be heard on board the ship1 which came from afar1 and was to go still further4 ,zarathustra1 however1 was fond of all those who make distant voyages1 and dislike to live without danger4 ,and behold6 when listening1 his own tongue was at last loosened1 and the ice of his heart broke4 ,then did he begin to speak thus3 ,to you1 the daring venturers and adventurers1 and whoever hath embarked with cunning sails upon frightful seas1-- ,to you the enigma-intoxicated1 the twilight-enjoyers1 whose souls are allured by flutes to every treacherous gulf3 --,for ye dislike to grope at a thread with cowardly hand2 and where ye can ,,divine1 there do ye hate to ,,calculate-- ,to you only do ,i tell the enigma that ,i ,,saw--the vision of the lonesomest one4-- ,gloomily walked ,i lately in corpse-coloured twilight--gloomily and sternly1 with compressed lips4 ,not only one sun had set for me4 ,a path which ascended daringly among boulders1 an evil1 lonesome path1 which neither herb nor shrub any longer cheered1 a mountain-path1 crunched under the daring of my foot4 ,mutely marching over the scornful clinking of pebbles1 trampling the stone that let it slip3 thus did my foot force its way upwards4 ,upwards3--in spite of the spirit that drew it downwards1 towards the abyss1 the spirit of gravity1 my devil and arch-enemy4 ,upwards3--although it sat upon me1 half-dwarf1 half-mole2 paralysed1 paralysing2 dripping lead in mine ear1 and thoughts like drops of lead into my brain4 8,o ,zarathustra10 it whispered scornfully1 syllable by syllable1 8thou stone of wisdom6 ,thou threwest thyself high1 but every thrown stone must--fall6 ,o ,zarathustra1 thou stone of wisdom1 thou sling-stone1 thou star-destroyer6 ,thyself threwest thou so high1--but every thrown stone--must fall6 ,condemned of thyself1 and to thine own stoning3 ,o ,zarathustra1 far indeed threwest thou thy stone--but upon ,,thyself will it recoil60 ,then was the dwarf silent2 and it lasted long4 ,the silence1 however1 oppressed me2 and to be thus in pairs1 one is verily lonesomer than when alone6 ,i ascended1 ,i ascended1 ,i dreamt1 ,i thought1--but everything oppressed me4 ,a sick one did ,i resemble1 whom bad torture wearieth1 and a worse dream reawakeneth out of his first sleep4-- ,but there is something in me which ,i call courage3 it hath hitherto slain for me every dejection4 ,this courage at last bade me stand still and say3 8,dwarf6 ,thou6 ,or ,i60-- ,for courage is the best slayer1--courage which ,,attacketh3 for in every attack there is sound of triumph4 ,man1 however1 is the most courageous animal3 thereby hath he overcome every animal4 ,with sound of triumph hath he overcome every pain2 human pain1 however1 is the sorest pain4 ,courage slayeth also giddiness at abysses3 and where doth man not stand at abysses6 ,is not seeing itself--seeing abysses8 ,courage is the best slayer3 courage slayeth also fellow-suffering4 ,fellow-suffering1 however1 is the deepest abyss3 as deeply as man looketh into life1 so deeply also doth he look into suffering4 ,courage1 however1 is the best slayer1 courage which attacketh3 it slayeth even death itself2 for it saith3 8,,was ,,that life8 ,well6 ,once more60 ,in such speech1 however1 there is much sound of triumph4 ,he who hath ears to hear1 let him hear4-- #b4 8,halt1 dwarf60 said ,i4 8,either ,i--or thou6 ,i1 however1 am the stronger of the two3--thou knowest not mine abysmal thought6 ,,it--couldst thou not endure60 ,then happened that which made me lighter3 for the dwarf sprang from my shoulder1 the prying sprite6 ,and it squatted on a stone in front of me4 ,there was however a gateway just where we halted4 8,look at this gateway6 ,dwarf60 ,i continued1 8it hath two faces4 ,two roads come together here3 these hath no one yet gone to the end of4 ,this long lane backwards3 it continueth for an eternity4 ,and that long lane forward--that is another eternity4 ,they are antithetical to one another1 these roads2 they directly abut on one another3--and it is here1 at this gateway1 that they come together4 ,the name of the gateway is inscribed above3 #8,this ,moment4' ,but should one follow them further--and ever further and further on1 thinkest thou1 dwarf1 that these roads would be eternally antithetical80-- 8,everything straight lieth10 murmured the dwarf1 contemptuously4 8,all truth is crooked2 time itself is a circle40 8,thou spirit of gravity60 said ,i wrathfully1 8do not take it too lightly6 ,or ,i shall let thee squat where thou squattest1 ,haltfoot1--and ,i carried thee ,,high60 8,observe10 continued ,i1 8,this ,moment6 ,from the gateway1 ,this ,moment1 there runneth a long eternal lane ,,backwards3 behind us lieth an eternity4 ,must not whatever ,,can run its course of all things1 have already run along that lane8 ,must not whatever ,,can happen of all things have already happened1 resulted1 and gone by8 ,and if everything have already existed1 what thinkest thou1 dwarf1 of ,this ,moment8 ,must not this gateway also--have already existed8 ,and are not all things closely bound together in such wise that ,this ,moment draweth all coming things after it8 ,,consequently--itself also8 ,for whatever ,,can run its course of all things1 also in this long lane ,,outward--,,must it once more run6-- ,and this slow spider which creepeth in the moonlight1 and this moonlight itself1 and thou and ,i in this gateway whispering together1 whispering of eternal things--must we not all have already existed8 --,and must we not return and run in that other lane out before us1 that long weird lane--must we not eternally return80-- ,thus did ,i speak1 and always more softly3 for ,i was afraid of mine own thoughts1 and arrear-thoughts4 ,then1 suddenly did ,i hear a dog ,,howl near me4 ,had ,i ever heard a dog howl thus8 ,my thoughts ran back4 ,yes6 ,when ,i was a child1 in my most distant childhood3 --,then did ,i hear a dog howl thus4 ,and saw it also1 with hair bristling1 its head upwards1 trembling in the stillest midnight1 when even dogs believe in ghosts3 --,so that it excited my commiseration4 ,for just then went the full moon1 silent as death1 over the house2 just then did it stand still1 a glowing globe--at rest on the flat roof1 as if on some one's property3-- ,thereby had the dog been terrified3 for dogs believe in thieves and ghosts4 ,and when ,i again heard such howling1 then did it excite my commiseration once more4 ,where was now the dwarf8 ,and the gateway8 ,and the spider8 ,and all the whispering8 ,had ,i dreamt8 ,had ,i awakened8 #8,twixt rugged rocks did ,i suddenly stand alone1 dreary in the dreariest moonlight4 ,,but ,,there ,,lay ,a ,,man6 ,and there6 ,the dog leaping1 bristling1 whining--now did it see me coming--then did it howl again1 then did it ,,cry3--had ,i ever heard a dog cry so for help8 ,and verily1 what ,i saw1 the like had ,i never seen4 ,a young shepherd did ,i see1 writhing1 choking1 quivering1 with distorted countenance1 and with a heavy black serpent hanging out of his mouth4 ,had ,i ever seen so much loathing and pale horror on one countenance8 ,he had perhaps gone to sleep8 ,then had the serpent crawled into his throat--there had it bitten itself fast4 ,my hand pulled at the serpent1 and pulled3--in vain6 ,i failed to pull the serpent out of his throat4 ,then there cried out of me3 8,bite6 ,bite6 ,its head off6 ,bite60--so cried it out of me2 my horror1 my hatred1 my loathing1 my pity1 all my good and my bad cried with one voice out of me4-- ,ye daring ones around me6 ,ye venturers and adventurers1 and whoever of you have embarked with cunning sails on unexplored seas6 ,ye enigma-enjoyers6 ,solve unto me the enigma that ,i then beheld1 interpret unto me the vision of the lonesomest one6 ,for it was a vision and a foresight3--,,what did ,i then behold in parable8 ,and ,,who is it that must come some day8 ,,who is the shepherd into whose throat the serpent thus crawled8 ,,who is the man into whose throat all the heaviest and blackest will thus crawl8 --,the shepherd however bit as my cry had admonished him2 he bit with a strong bite6 ,far away did he spit the head of the serpent--3 and sprang up4-- ,no longer shepherd1 no longer man--a transfigured being1 a light-surrounded being1 that ,,laughed6 ,never on earth laughed a man as ,,he laughed6 ,o my brethren1 ,i heard a laughter which was no human laughter1--and now gnaweth a thirst at me1 a longing that is never allayed4 ,my longing for that laughter gnaweth at me3 oh1 how can ,i still endure to live6 ,and how could ,i endure to die at present6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xlvii4 ,,involuntary ,,bliss4 ,with such enigmas and bitterness in his heart did ,zarathustra sail o'er the sea4 ,when1 however1 he was four day-journeys from the ,happy ,isles and from his friends1 then had he surmounted all his pain--3 triumphantly and with firm foot did he again accept his fate4 ,and then talked ,zarathustra in this wise to his exulting conscience3 ,alone am ,i again1 and like to be so1 alone with the pure heaven1 and the open sea2 and again is the afternoon around me4 ,on an afternoon did ,i find my friends for the first time2 on an afternoon1 also1 did ,i find them a second time3--at the hour when all light becometh stiller4 ,for whatever happiness is still on its way #8twixt heaven and earth1 now seeketh for lodging a luminous soul3 ,,with ,,happiness hath all light now become stiller4 ,o afternoon of my life6 ,once did my happiness also descend to the valley that it might seek a lodging3 then did it find those open hospitable souls4 ,o afternoon of my life6 ,what did ,i not surrender that ,i might have one thing3 this living plantation of my thoughts1 and this dawn of my highest hope6 ,companions did the creating one once seek1 and children of ,,his hope3 and lo1 it turned out that he could not find them1 except he himself should first create them4 ,thus am ,i in the midst of my work1 to my children going1 and from them returning3 for the sake of his children must ,zarathustra perfect himself4 ,for in one's heart one loveth only one's child and one's work2 and where there is great love to oneself1 then is it the sign of pregnancy3 so have ,i found it4 ,still are my children verdant in their first spring1 standing nigh one another1 and shaken in common by the winds1 the trees of my garden and of my best soil4 ,and verily1 where such trees stand beside one another1 there ,,are ,happy ,isles6 ,but one day will ,i take them up1 and put each by itself alone3 that it may learn lonesomeness and defiance and prudence4 ,gnarled and crooked and with flexible hardness shall it then stand by the sea1 a living lighthouse of unconquerable life4 ,yonder where the storms rush down into the sea1 and the snout of the mountain drinketh water1 shall each on a time have his day and night watches1 for ,,his testing and recognition4 ,recognised and tested shall each be1 to see if he be of my type and lineage3--if he be master of a long will1 silent even when he speaketh1 and giving in such wise that he ,,taketh in giving3-- --,so that he may one day become my companion1 a fellow-creator and fellow-enjoyer with ,zarathustra3--such a one as writeth my will on my tables1 for the fuller perfection of all things4 ,and for his sake and for those like him1 must ,i perfect ,,myself3 therefore do ,i now avoid my happiness1 and present myself to every misfortune--for ,,my final testing and recognition4 ,and verily1 it were time that ,i went away2 and the wanderer's shadow and the longest tedium and the stillest hour--have all said unto me3 8,it is the highest time60 ,the word blew to me through the keyhole and said 8,come60 ,the door sprang subtlely open unto me1 and said 8,go60 ,but ,i lay enchained to my love for my children3 desire spread this snare for me--the desire for love--that ,i should become the prey of my children1 and lose myself in them4 ,desiring--that is now for me to have lost myself4 ,i ,,possess ,,you1 ,,my ,,children6 ,in this possessing shall everything be assurance and nothing desire4 ,but brooding lay the sun of my love upon me1 in his own juice stewed ,zarathustra1--then did shadows and doubts fly past me4 ,for frost and winter ,i now longed3 8,oh1 that frost and winter would again make me crack and crunch60 sighed ,i3--then arose icy mist out of me4 ,my past burst its tomb1 many pains buried alive woke up--3 fully slept had they merely1 concealed in corpse-clothes4 ,so called everything unto me in signs3 8,it is time60 ,but ,i--heard not1 until at last mine abyss moved1 and my thought bit me4 ,ah1 abysmal thought1 which art ,,my thought6 ,when shall ,i find strength to hear thee burrowing1 and no longer tremble8 ,to my very throat throbbeth my heart when ,i hear thee burrowing6 ,thy muteness even is like to strangle me1 thou abysmal mute one6 ,as yet have ,i never ventured to call thee ,,up2 it hath been enough that ,i--have carried thee about with me6 ,as yet have ,i not been strong enough for my final lion-wantonness and playfulness4 ,sufficiently formidable unto me hath thy weight ever been3 but one day shall ,i yet find the strength and the lion's voice which will call thee up6 ,when ,i shall have surmounted myself therein1 then will ,i surmount myself also in that which is greater2 and a ,,victory shall be the seal of my perfection6-- ,meanwhile do ,i sail along on uncertain seas2 chance flattereth me1 smooth-tongued chance2 forward and backward do ,i gaze--1 still see ,i no end4 ,as yet hath the hour of my final struggle not come to me--or doth it come to me perhaps just now8 ,verily1 with insidious beauty do sea and life gaze upon me round about3 ,o afternoon of my life6 ,o happiness before eventide6 ,o haven upon high seas6 ,o peace in uncertainty6 ,how ,i distrust all of you6 ,verily1 distrustful am ,i of your insidious beauty6 ,like the lover am ,i1 who distrusteth too sleek smiling4 ,as he pusheth the best-beloved before him--tender even in severity1 the jealous one--1 so do ,i push this blissful hour before me4 ,away with thee1 thou blissful hour6 ,with thee hath there come to me an involuntary bliss6 ,ready for my severest pain do ,i here stand3--at the wrong time hast thou come6 ,away with thee1 thou blissful hour6 ,rather harbour there--with my children6 ,hasten6 and bless them before eventide with ,,my happiness6 ,there1 already approacheth eventide3 the sun sinketh4 ,away--my happiness6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,and he waited for his misfortune the whole night2 but he waited in vain4 ,the night remained clear and calm1 and happiness itself came nigher and nigher unto him4 ,towards morning1 however1 ,zarathustra laughed to his heart1 and said mockingly3 8,happiness runneth after me4 ,that is because ,i do not run after women4 ,happiness1 however1 is a woman40 ,,xlviii4 ,,before ,,sunrise4 ,o heaven above me1 thou pure1 thou deep heaven6 ,thou abyss of light6 ,gazing on thee1 ,i tremble with divine desires4 ,up to thy height to toss myself--that is ,,my depth6 ,in thy purity to hide myself--that is ,,mine innocence6 ,the ,god veileth his beauty3 thus hidest thou thy stars4 ,thou speakest not3 ,,thus proclaimest thou thy wisdom unto me4 ,mute o'er the raging sea hast thou risen for me to-day2 thy love and thy modesty make a revelation unto my raging soul4 ,in that thou camest unto me beautiful1 veiled in thy beauty1 in that thou spakest unto me mutely1 obvious in thy wisdom3 ,oh1 how could ,i fail to divine all the modesty of thy soul6 ,,before the sun didst thou come unto me--the lonesomest one4 ,we have been friends from the beginning3 to us are grief1 gruesomeness1 and ground common2 even the sun is common to us4 ,we do not speak to each other1 because we know too much--3 we keep silent to each other1 we smile our knowledge to each other4 ,art thou not the light of my fire8 ,hast thou not the sister-soul of mine insight8 ,together did we learn everything2 together did we learn to ascend beyond ourselves to ourselves1 and to smile uncloudedly3-- --,uncloudedly to smile down out of luminous eyes and out of miles of distance1 when under us constraint and purpose and guilt steam like rain4 ,and wandered ,i alone1 for ,,what did my soul hunger by night and in labyrinthine paths8 ,and climbed ,i mountains1 ,,whom did ,i ever seek1 if not thee1 upon mountains8 ,and all my wandering and mountain-climbing3 a necessity was it merely1 and a makeshift of the unhandy one3--to ,,fly only1 wanteth mine entire will1 to fly into ,,thee6 ,and what have ,i hated more than passing clouds1 and whatever tainteth thee8 ,and mine own hatred have ,i even hated1 because it tainted thee6 ,the passing clouds ,i detest--those stealthy cats of prey3 they take from thee and me what is common to us--the vast unbounded ,yea- and ,amen-saying4 ,these mediators and mixers we detest--the passing clouds3 those half-and-half ones1 that have neither learned to bless nor to curse from the heart4 ,rather will ,i sit in a tub under a closed heaven1 rather will ,i sit in the abyss without heaven1 than see thee1 thou luminous heaven1 tainted with passing clouds6 ,and oft have ,i longed to pin them fast with the jagged gold-wires of lightning1 that ,i might1 like the thunder1 beat the drum upon their kettle-bellies3-- --,an angry drummer1 because they rob me of thy ,yea and ,amen6--thou heaven above me1 thou pure1 thou luminous heaven6 ,thou abyss of light6--because they rob thee of ,,my ,yea and ,amen4 ,for rather will ,i have noise and thunders and tempest-blasts1 than this discreet1 doubting cat-repose2 and also amongst men do ,i hate most of all the soft-treaders1 and half-and-half ones1 and the doubting1 hesitating1 passing clouds4 ,and 8he who cannot bless shall ,,learn to curse60--this clear teaching dropt unto me from the clear heaven2 this star standeth in my heaven even in dark nights4 ,i1 however1 am a blesser and a ,yea-sayer1 if thou be but around me1 thou pure1 thou luminous heaven6 ,thou abyss of light6--into all abysses do ,i then carry my beneficent ,yea-saying4 ,a blesser have ,i become and a ,yea-sayer3 and therefore strove ,i long and was a striver1 that ,i might one day get my hands free for blessing4 ,this1 however1 is my blessing3 to stand above everything as its own heaven1 its round roof1 its azure bell and eternal security3 and blessed is he who thus blesseth6 ,for all things are baptized at the font of eternity1 and beyond good and evil2 good and evil themselves1 however1 are but fugitive shadows and damp afflictions and passing clouds4 ,verily1 it is a blessing and not a blasphemy when ,i teach that 8above all things there standeth the heaven of chance1 the heaven of innocence1 the heaven of hazard1 the heaven of wantonness40 8,of ,hazard0--that is the oldest nobility in the world2 that gave ,i back to all things2 ,i emancipated them from bondage under purpose4 ,this freedom and celestial serenity did ,i put like an azure bell above all things1 when ,i taught that over them and through them1 no 8eternal ,will0--willeth4 ,this wantonness and folly did ,i put in place of that ,will1 when ,i taught that 8,in everything there is one thing impossible--rationality60 ,a ,,little reason1 to be sure1 a germ of wisdom scattered from star to star--this leaven is mixed in all things3 for the sake of folly1 wisdom is mixed in all things6 ,a little wisdom is indeed possible2 but this blessed security have ,i found in all things1 that they prefer--to dance on the feet of chance4 ,o heaven above me6 thou pure1 thou lofty heaven6 ,this is now thy purity unto me1 that there is no eternal reason-spider and reason-cobweb3-- --,that thou art to me a dancing-floor for divine chances1 that thou art to me a table of the ,gods1 for divine dice and dice-players6-- ,but thou blushest8 ,have ,i spoken unspeakable things8 ,have ,i abused1 when ,i meant to bless thee8 ,or is it the shame of being two of us that maketh thee blush6--,dost thou bid me go and be silent1 because now--,,day cometh8 ,the world is deep3--and deeper than e'er the day could read4 ,not everything may be uttered in presence of day4 ,but day cometh3 so let us part6 ,o heaven above me1 thou modest one6 thou glowing one6 ,o thou1 my happiness before sunrise6 ,the day cometh3 so let us part6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,xlix4 ,,the ,,bedwarfing ,,virtue4 #a4 ,when ,zarathustra was again on the continent1 he did not go straightway to his mountains and his cave1 but made many wanderings and questionings1 and ascertained this and that2 so that he said of himself jestingly3 8,lo1 a river that floweth back unto its source in many windings60 ,for he wanted to learn what had taken place ,,among ,,men during the interval3 whether they had become greater or smaller4 ,and once1 when he saw a row of new houses1 he marvelled1 and said3 8,what do these houses mean8 ,verily1 no great soul put them up as its simile6 ,did perhaps a silly child take them out of its toy-box8 ,would that another child put them again into the box6 ,and these rooms and chambers--can ,,men go out and in there8 ,they seem to be made for silk dolls2 or for dainty-eaters1 who perhaps let others eat with them40 ,and ,zarathustra stood still and meditated4 ,at last he said sorrowfully3 8,there hath ,,everything become smaller6 ,everywhere do ,i see lower doorways3 he who is of ,,my type can still go therethrough1 but--he must stoop6 ,oh1 when shall ,i arrive again at my home1 where ,i shall no longer have to stoop--shall no longer have to stoop ,,before ,,the ,,small ,,ones60--,and ,zarathustra sighed1 and gazed into the distance4-- ,the same day1 however1 he gave his discourse on the bedwarfing virtue4 #b4 ,i pass through this people and keep mine eyes open3 they do not forgive me for not envying their virtues4 ,they bite at me1 because ,i say unto them that for small people1 small virtues are necessary--and because it is hard for me to understand that small people are ,,necessary6 ,here am ,i still like a cock in a strange farm-yard1 at which even the hens peck3 but on that account ,i am not unfriendly to the hens4 ,i am courteous towards them1 as towards all small annoyances2 to be prickly towards what is small1 seemeth to me wisdom for hedgehogs4 ,they all speak of me when they sit around their fire in the evening--they speak of me1 but no one thinketh--of me6 ,this is the new stillness which ,i have experienced3 their noise around me spreadeth a mantle over my thoughts4 ,they shout to one another3 8,what is this gloomy cloud about to do to us8 ,let us see that it doth not bring a plague upon us60 ,and recently did a woman seize upon her child that was coming unto me3 8,take the children away10 cried she1 8such eyes scorch children's souls40 ,they cough when ,i speak3 they think coughing an objection to strong winds--they divine nothing of the boisterousness of my happiness6 8,we have not yet time for ,zarathustra0--so they object2 but what matter about a time that 8hath no time0 for ,zarathustra8 ,and if they should altogether praise me1 how could ,i go to sleep on ,,their praise8 ,a girdle of spines is their praise unto me3 it scratcheth me even when ,i take it off4 ,and this also did ,i learn among them3 the praiser doeth as if he gave back2 in truth1 however1 he wanteth more to be given him6 ,ask my foot if their lauding and luring strains please it6 ,verily1 to such measure and ticktack1 it liketh neither to dance nor to stand still4 ,to small virtues would they fain lure and laud me2 to the ticktack of small happiness would they fain persuade my foot4 ,i pass through this people and keep mine eyes open2 they have become ,,smaller1 and ever become smaller3--,,the ,,reason ,,thereof ,,is ,,their ,,doctrine ,,of ,,happiness ,,and ,,virtue4 ,for they are moderate also in virtue1--because they want comfort4 ,with comfort1 however1 moderate virtue only is compatible4 ,to be sure1 they also learn in their way to stride on and stride forward3 that1 ,i call their ,,hobbling4--,thereby they become a hindrance to all who are in haste4 ,and many of them go forward1 and look backwards thereby1 with stiffened necks3 those do ,i like to run up against4 ,foot and eye shall not lie1 nor give the lie to each other4 ,but there is much lying among small people4 ,some of them ,,will1 but most of them are ,,willed4 ,some of them are genuine1 but most of them are bad actors4 ,there are actors without knowing it amongst them1 and actors without intending it--1 the genuine ones are always rare1 especially the genuine actors4 ,of man there is little here3 therefore do their women masculinise themselves4 ,for only he who is man enough1 will--,,save ,,the ,,woman in woman4 ,and this hypocrisy found ,i worst amongst them1 that even those who command feign the virtues of those who serve4 8,i serve1 thou servest1 we serve0--so chanteth here even the hypocrisy of the rulers--and alas6 if the first lord be ,,only the first servant6 ,ah1 even upon their hypocrisy did mine eyes' curiosity alight2 and well did ,i divine all their fly-happiness1 and their buzzing around sunny window-panes4 ,so much kindness1 so much weakness do ,i see4 ,so much justice and pity1 so much weakness4 ,round1 fair1 and considerate are they to one another1 as grains of sand are round1 fair1 and considerate to grains of sand4 ,modestly to embrace a small happiness--that do they call 8submission06 and at the same time they peer modestly after a new small happiness4 ,in their hearts they want simply one thing most of all3 that no one hurt them4 ,thus do they anticipate every one's wishes and do well unto every one4 ,that1 however1 is ,,cowardice1 though it be called 8virtue40-- ,and when they chance to speak harshly1 those small people1 then do ,i hear therein only their hoarseness--every draught of air maketh them hoarse4 ,shrewd indeed are they1 their virtues have shrewd fingers4 ,but they lack fists3 their fingers do not know how to creep behind fists4 ,virtue for them is what maketh modest and tame3 therewith have they made the wolf a dog1 and man himself man's best domestic animal4 8,we set our chair in the ,,midst0--so saith their smirking unto me--8and as far from dying gladiators as from satisfied swine40 ,that1 however1 is--,,mediocrity1 though it be called moderation4-- #c4 ,i pass through this people and let fall many words3 but they know neither how to take nor how to retain them4 ,they wonder why ,i came not to revile venery and vice2 and verily1 ,i came not to warn against pickpockets either6 ,they wonder why ,i am not ready to abet and whet their wisdom3 as if they had not yet enough of wiseacres1 whose voices grate on mine ear like slate-pencils6 ,and when ,i call out3 8,curse all the cowardly devils in you1 that would fain whimper and fold the hands and adore0--then do they shout3 8,zarathustra is godless40 ,and especially do their teachers of submission shout this2--but precisely in their ears do ,i love to cry3 8,yea6 ,i ,,am ,zarathustra1 the godless60 ,those teachers of submission6 ,wherever there is aught puny1 or sickly1 or scabby1 there do they creep like lice2 and only my disgust preventeth me from cracking them4 ,well6 ,this is my sermon for ,,their ears3 ,i am ,zarathustra the godless1 who saith3 8,who is more godless than ,i1 that ,i may enjoy his teaching80 ,i am ,zarathustra the godless3 where do ,i find mine equal8 ,and all those are mine equals who give unto themselves their ,will1 and divest themselves of all submission4 ,i am ,zarathustra the godless6 ,i cook every chance in ,,my pot4 ,and only when it hath been quite cooked do ,i welcome it as ,,my food4 ,and verily1 many a chance came imperiously unto me3 but still more imperiously did my ,,will speak unto it1--then did it lie imploringly upon its knees-- --,imploring that it might find home and heart with me1 and saying flatteringly3 8,see1 ,o ,zarathustra1 how friend only cometh unto friend60-- ,but why talk ,i1 when no one hath ,,mine ears6 ,and so will ,i shout it out unto all the winds3 ,ye ever become smaller1 ye small people6 ,ye crumble away1 ye comfortable ones6 ,ye will yet perish-- --,by your many small virtues1 by your many small omissions1 and by your many small submissions6 ,too tender1 too yielding3 so is your soil6 ,but for a tree to become ,,great1 it seeketh to twine hard roots around hard rocks6 ,also what ye omit weaveth at the web of all the human future2 even your naught is a cobweb1 and a spider that liveth on the blood of the future4 ,and when ye take1 then is it like stealing1 ye small virtuous ones2 but even among knaves ,,honour saith that 8one shall only steal when one cannot rob40 8,it giveth itself0--that is also a doctrine of submission4 ,but ,i say unto you1 ye comfortable ones1 that ,,it ,,taketh ,,to ,,itself1 and will ever take more and more from you6 ,ah1 that ye would renounce all ,,half-willing1 and would decide for idleness as ye decide for action6 ,ah1 that ye understood my word3 8,do ever what ye will--but first be such as ,,can ,,will4 ,love ever your neighbour as yourselves--but first be such as ,,love ,,themselves-- --,such as love with great love1 such as love with great contempt60 ,thus speaketh ,zarathustra the godless4-- ,but why talk ,i1 when no one hath ,,mine ears6 ,it is still an hour too early for me here4 ,mine own forerunner am ,i among this people1 mine own cockcrow in dark lanes4 ,but ,,their hour cometh6 ,and there cometh also mine6 ,hourly do they become smaller1 poorer1 unfruitfuller1--poor herbs6 poor earth6 ,and ,,soon shall they stand before me like dry grass and prairie1 and verily1 weary of themselves--and panting for ,,fire1 more than for water6 ,o blessed hour of the lightning6 ,o mystery before noontide6--,running fires will ,i one day make of them1 and heralds with flaming tongues3-- --,herald shall they one day with flaming tongues3 ,it cometh1 it is nigh1 ,,the ,,great ,,noontide6 ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,l4 ,,on ,,the ,,olive-,,mount4 ,winter1 a bad guest1 sitteth with me at home2 blue are my hands with his friendly hand-shaking4 ,i honour him1 that bad guest1 but gladly leave him alone4 ,gladly do ,i run away from him2 and when one runneth ,,well1 then one escapeth him6 ,with warm feet and warm thoughts do ,i run where the wind is calm--to the sunny corner of mine olive-mount4 ,there do ,i laugh at my stern guest1 and am still fond of him2 because he cleareth my house of flies1 and quieteth many little noises4 ,for he suffereth it not if a gnat wanteth to buzz1 or even two of them2 also the lanes maketh he lonesome1 so that the moonlight is afraid there at night4 ,a hard guest is he1--but ,i honour him1 and do not worship1 like the tenderlings1 the pot-bellied fire-idol4 ,better even a little teeth-chattering than idol-adoration6--so willeth my nature4 ,and especially have ,i a grudge against all ardent1 steaming1 steamy fire-idols4 ,him whom ,i love1 ,i love better in winter than in summer2 better do ,i now mock at mine enemies1 and more heartily1 when winter sitteth in my house4 ,heartily1 verily1 even when ,i ,,creep into bed--3 there1 still laugheth and wantoneth my hidden happiness2 even my deceptive dream laugheth4 ,i1 a--creeper8 ,never in my life did ,i creep before the powerful2 and if ever ,i lied1 then did ,i lie out of love4 ,therefore am ,i glad even in my winter-bed4 ,a poor bed warmeth me more than a rich one1 for ,i am jealous of my poverty4 ,and in winter she is most faithful unto me4 ,with a wickedness do ,i begin every day3 ,i mock at the winter with a cold bath3 on that account grumbleth my stern house-mate4 ,also do ,i like to tickle him with a wax-taper1 that he may finally let the heavens emerge from ashy-grey twilight4 ,for especially wicked am ,i in the morning3 at the early hour when the pail rattleth at the well1 and horses neigh warmly in grey lanes3-- ,impatiently do ,i then wait1 that the clear sky may finally dawn for me1 the snow-bearded winter-sky1 the hoary one1 the whitehead1-- --,the winter-sky1 the silent winter-sky1 which often stifleth even its sun6 ,did ,i perhaps learn from it the long clear silence8 ,or did it learn it from me8 ,or hath each of us devised it himself8 ,of all good things the origin is a thousandfold1--all good roguish things spring into existence for joy3 how could they always do so--for once only6 ,a good roguish thing is also the long silence1 and to look1 like the winter-sky1 out of a clear1 round-eyed countenance3-- --,like it to stifle one's sun1 and one's inflexible solar will3 verily1 this art and this winter-roguishness have ,i learnt ,,well6 ,my best-loved wickedness and art is it1 that my silence hath learned not to betray itself by silence4 ,clattering with diction and dice1 ,i outwit the solemn assistants3 all those stern watchers1 shall my will and purpose elude4 ,that no one might see down into my depth and into mine ultimate will--for that purpose did ,i devise the long clear silence4 ,many a shrewd one did ,i find3 he veiled his countenance and made his water muddy1 that no one might see therethrough and thereunder4 ,but precisely unto him came the shrewder distrusters and nut-crackers3 precisely from him did they fish his best-concealed fish6 ,but the clear1 the honest1 the transparent--these are for me the wisest silent ones3 in them1 so ,,profound is the depth that even the clearest water doth not--betray it4-- ,thou snow-bearded1 silent1 winter-sky1 thou round-eyed whitehead above me6 ,oh1 thou heavenly simile of my soul and its wantonness6 ,and ,,must ,i not conceal myself like one who hath swallowed gold--lest my soul should be ripped up8 ,,must ,i not wear stilts1 that they may ,,overlook my long legs--all those enviers and injurers around me8 ,those dingy1 fire-warmed1 used-up1 green-tinted1 ill-natured souls--how ,,could their envy endure my happiness6 ,thus do ,i show them only the ice and winter of my peaks--and ,,not that my mountain windeth all the solar girdles around it6 ,they hear only the whistling of my winter-storms3 and know ,,not that ,i also travel over warm seas1 like longing1 heavy1 hot south-winds4 ,they commiserate also my accidents and chances3--but ,,my word saith3 8,suffer the chance to come unto me3 innocent is it as a little child60 ,how ,,could they endure my happiness1 if ,i did not put around it accidents1 and winter-privations1 and bear-skin caps1 and enmantling snowflakes6 --,if ,i did not myself commiserate their ,,pity1 the pity of those enviers and injurers6 --,if ,i did not myself sigh before them1 and chatter with cold1 and patiently ,,let myself be swathed in their pity6 ,this is the wise waggish-will and good-will of my soul1 that it ,,concealeth ,,not its winters and glacial storms2 it concealeth not its chilblains either4 ,to one man1 lonesomeness is the flight of the sick one2 to another1 it is the flight ,,from the sick ones4 ,let them ,,hear me chattering and sighing with winter-cold1 all those poor squinting knaves around me6 ,with such sighing and chattering do ,i flee from their heated rooms4 ,let them sympathise with me and sigh with me on account of my chilblains3 8,at the ice of knowledge will he yet ,,freeze ,,to ,,death60--so they mourn4 ,meanwhile do ,i run with warm feet hither and thither on mine olive-mount3 in the sunny corner of mine olive-mount do ,i sing1 and mock at all pity4-- ,thus sang ,zarathustra4 ,,li4 ,,on ,,passing-,,by4 ,thus slowly wandering through many peoples and divers cities1 did ,zarathustra return by round-about roads to his mountains and his cave4 ,and behold1 thereby came he unawares also to the gate of the ,,great ,,city4 ,here1 however1 a foaming fool1 with extended hands1 sprang forward to him and stood in his way4 ,it was the same fool whom the people called 8the ape of ,zarathustra30 for he had learned from him something of the expression and modulation of language1 and perhaps liked also to borrow from the store of his wisdom4 ,and the fool talked thus to ,zarathustra3 ,o ,zarathustra1 here is the great city3 here hast thou nothing to seek and everything to lose4 ,why wouldst thou wade through this mire8 ,have pity upon thy foot6 ,spit rather on the gate of the city1 and--turn back6 ,here is the hell for anchorites' thoughts3 here are great thoughts seethed alive and boiled small4 ,here do all great sentiments decay3 here may only rattle-boned sensations rattle6 ,smellest thou not already the shambles and cookshops of the spirit8 ,steameth not this city with the fumes of slaughtered spirit8 ,seest thou not the souls hanging like limp dirty rags8--,and they make newspapers also out of these rags6 ,hearest thou not how spirit hath here become a verbal game8 ,loathsome verbal swill doth it vomit forth6--,and they make newspapers also out of this verbal swill4 ,they hound one another1 and know not whither6 ,they inflame one another1 and know not why6 ,they tinkle with their pinchbeck1 they jingle with their gold4 ,they are cold1 and seek warmth from distilled waters3 they are inflamed1 and seek coolness from frozen spirits2 they are all sick and sore through public opinion4 ,all lusts and vices are here at home2 but here there are also the virtuous2 there is much appointable appointed virtue3-- ,much appointable virtue with scribe-fingers1 and hardy sitting-flesh and waiting-flesh1 blessed with small breast-stars1 and padded1 haunchless daughters4 ,there is here also much piety1 and much faithful spittle-licking and spittle-backing1 before the ,god of ,hosts4 8,from on high10 drippeth the star1 and the gracious spittle2 for the high1 longeth every starless bosom4 ,the moon hath its court1 and the court hath its moon-calves3 unto all1 however1 that cometh from the court do the mendicant people pray1 and all appointable mendicant virtues4 8,i serve1 thou servest1 we serve0--so prayeth all appointable virtue to the prince3 that the merited star may at last stick on the slender breast6 ,but the moon still revolveth around all that is earthly3 so revolveth also the prince around what is earthliest of all--that1 however1 is the gold of the shopman4 ,the ,god of the ,hosts of war is not the ,god of the golden bar2 the prince proposeth1 but the shopman--disposeth6 ,by all that is luminous and strong and good in thee1 ,o ,zarathustra6 ,spit on this city of shopmen and return back6 ,here floweth all blood putridly and tepidly and frothily through all veins3 spit on the great city1 which is the great slum where all the scum frotheth together6 ,spit on the city of compressed souls and slender breasts1 of pointed eyes and sticky fingers-- --,on the city of the obtrusive1 the brazen-faced1 the pen-demagogues and tongue-demagogues1 the overheated ambitious3-- ,where everything maimed1 ill-famed1 lustful1 untrustful1 over-mellow1 sickly-yellow and seditious1 festereth pernicious3-- --,spit on the great city and turn back6-- ,here1 however1 did ,zarathustra interrupt the foaming fool1 and shut his mouth4-- ,stop this at once6 called out ,zarathustra1 long have thy speech and thy species disgusted me6 ,why didst thou live so long by the swamp1 that thou thyself hadst to become a frog and a toad8 ,floweth there not a tainted1 frothy1 swamp-blood in thine own veins1 when thou hast thus learned to croak and revile8 ,why wentest thou not into the forest8 ,or why didst thou not till the ground8 ,is the sea not full of green islands8 ,i despise thy contempt2 and when thou warnedst me--why didst thou not warn thyself8 ,out of love alone shall my contempt and my warning bird take wing2 but not out of the swamp6-- ,they call thee mine ape1 thou foaming fool3 but ,i call thee my grunting-pig1--by thy grunting1 thou spoilest even my praise of folly4 ,what was it that first made thee grunt8 ,because no one sufficiently ,,flattered thee3--therefore didst thou seat thyself beside this filth1 that thou mightest have cause for much grunting1-- --,that thou mightest have cause for much ,,vengeance6 ,for vengeance1 thou vain fool1 is all thy foaming2 ,i have divined thee well6 ,but thy fools'-word injureth ,,me1 even when thou art right6 ,and even if ,zarathustra's word ,,were a hundred times justified1 thou wouldst ever--,,do wrong with my word6 ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,then did he look on the great city and sighed1 and was long silent4 ,at last he spake thus3 ,i loathe also this great city1 and not only this fool4 ,here and there-- there is nothing to better1 nothing to worsen4 ,woe to this great city6--,and ,i would that ,i already saw the pillar of fire in which it will be consumed6 ,for such pillars of fire must precede the great noontide4 ,but this hath its time and its own fate4-- ,this precept1 however1 give ,i unto thee1 in parting1 thou fool3 ,where one can no longer love1 there should one--,,pass ,,by6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra1 and passed by the fool and the great city4 ,,lii4 ,,the ,,apostates4 #a4 ,ah1 lieth everything already withered and grey which but lately stood green and many-hued on this meadow6 ,and how much honey of hope did ,i carry hence into my beehives6 ,those young hearts have already all become old--and not old even6 only weary1 ordinary1 comfortable3--they declare it3 8,we have again become pious40 ,of late did ,i see them run forth at early morn with valorous steps3 but the feet of their knowledge became weary1 and now do they malign even their morning valour6 ,verily1 many of them once lifted their legs like the dancer2 to them winked the laughter of my wisdom3--then did they bethink themselves4 ,just now have ,i seen them bent down--to creep to the cross4 ,around light and liberty did they once flutter like gnats and young poets4 ,a little older1 a little colder3 and already are they mystifiers1 and mumblers and mollycoddles4 ,did perhaps their hearts despond1 because lonesomeness had swallowed me like a whale8 ,did their ear perhaps hearken yearningly-long for me ,,in ,,vain1 and for my trumpet-notes and herald-calls8 --,ah6 ,ever are there but few of those whose hearts have persistent courage and exuberance2 and in such remaineth also the spirit patient4 ,the rest1 however1 are ,,cowardly4 ,the rest3 these are always the great majority1 the common-place1 the superfluous1 the far too many--those all are cowardly6-- ,him who is of my type1 will also the experiences of my type meet on the way3 so that his first companions must be corpses and buffoons4 ,his second companions1 however--they will call themselves his ,,believers1--will be a living host1 with much love1 much folly1 much unbearded veneration4 ,to those believers shall he who is of my type among men not bind his heart2 in those spring-times and many-hued meadows shall he not believe1 who knoweth the fickly faint-hearted human species6 ,,could they do otherwise1 then would they also ,,will otherwise4 ,the half-and-half spoil every whole4 ,that leaves become withered1--what is there to lament about that6 ,let them go and fall away1 ,o ,zarathustra1 and do not lament6 ,better even to blow amongst them with rustling winds1-- --,blow amongst those leaves1 ,o ,zarathustra1 that everything ,,withered may run away from thee the faster6-- #b4 8,we have again become pious0--so do those apostates confess2 and some of them are still too pusillanimous thus to confess4 ,unto them ,i look into the eye1--before them ,i say it unto their face and unto the blush on their cheeks3 ,ye are those who again ,,pray6 ,it is however a shame to pray6 ,not for all1 but for thee1 and me1 and whoever hath his conscience in his head4 ,for ,,thee it is a shame to pray6 ,thou knowest it well3 the faint-hearted devil in thee1 which would fain fold its arms1 and place its hands in its bosom1 and take it easier3--this faint-hearted devil persuadeth thee that 8there ,,is a ,god60 ,,thereby1 however1 dost thou belong to the light-dreading type1 to whom light never permitteth repose3 now must thou daily thrust thy head deeper into obscurity and vapour6 ,and verily1 thou choosest the hour well3 for just now do the nocturnal birds again fly abroad4 ,the hour hath come for all light-dreading people1 the vesper hour and leisure hour1 when they do not--8take leisure40 ,i hear it and smell it3 it hath come--their hour for hunt and procession1 not indeed for a wild hunt1 but for a tame1 lame1 snuffling1 soft-treaders'1 soft-prayers' hunt1-- --,for a hunt after susceptible simpletons3 all mouse-traps for the heart have again been set6 ,and whenever ,i lift a curtain1 a night-moth rusheth out of it4 ,did it perhaps squat there along with another night-moth8 ,for everywhere do ,i smell small concealed communities2 and wherever there are closets there are new devotees therein1 and the atmosphere of devotees4 ,they sit for long evenings beside one another1 and say3 8,let us again become like little children and say1 #8good ,god6'0--ruined in mouths and stomachs by the pious confectioners4 ,or they look for long evenings at a crafty1 lurking cross-spider1 that preacheth prudence to the spiders themselves1 and teacheth that 8under crosses it is good for cobweb-spinning60 ,or they sit all day at swamps with angle-rods1 and on that account think themselves ,,profound2 but whoever fisheth where there are no fish1 ,i do not even call him superficial6 ,or they learn in godly-gay style to play the harp with a hymn-poet1 who would fain harp himself into the heart of young girls3--for he hath tired of old girls and their praises4 ,or they learn to shudder with a learned semi-madcap1 who waiteth in darkened rooms for spirits to come to him--and the spirit runneth away entirely6 ,or they listen to an old roving howl- and growl-piper1 who hath learnt from the sad winds the sadness of sounds2 now pipeth he as the wind1 and preacheth sadness in sad strains4 ,and some of them have even become night-watchmen3 they know now how to blow horns1 and go about at night and awaken old things which have long fallen asleep4 ,five words about old things did ,i hear yester-night at the garden-wall3 they came from such old1 sorrowful1 arid night-watchmen4 8,for a father he careth not sufficiently for his children3 human fathers do this better60-- 8,he is too old6 ,he now careth no more for his children10--answered the other night-watchman4 8,,hath he then children8 ,no one can prove it unless he himself prove it6 ,i have long wished that he would for once prove it thoroughly40 8,prove8 ,as if ,,he had ever proved anything6 ,proving is difficult to him2 he layeth great stress on one's ,,believing him40 8,ay6 ,ay6 ,belief saveth him2 belief in him4 ,that is the way with old people6 ,so it is with us also60-- --,thus spake to each other the two old night-watchmen and light-scarers1 and tooted thereupon sorrowfully on their horns3 so did it happen yester-night at the garden-wall4 ,to me1 however1 did the heart writhe with laughter1 and was like to break2 it knew not where to go1 and sunk into the midriff4 ,verily1 it will be my death yet--to choke with laughter when ,i see asses drunken1 and hear night-watchmen thus doubt about ,god4 ,hath the time not ,,long since passed for all such doubts8 ,who may nowadays awaken such old slumbering1 light-shunning things6 ,with the old ,deities hath it long since come to an end3--and verily1 a good joyful ,deity-end had they6 ,they did not 8begloom0 themselves to death--that do people fabricate6 ,on the contrary1 they--,,laughed themselves to death once on a time6 ,that took place when the un,godliest utterance came from a ,god himself--the utterance3 8,there is but one ,god6 ,thou shalt have no other ,gods before me60-- --,an old grim-beard of a ,god1 a jealous one1 forgot himself in such wise3-- ,and all the ,gods then laughed1 and shook upon their thrones1 and exclaimed3 8,is it not just divinity that there are ,gods1 but no ,god80 ,he that hath an ear let him hear4-- ,thus talked ,zarathustra in the city he loved1 which is surnamed 8,the ,pied ,cow40 ,for from here he had but two days to travel to reach once more his cave and his animals2 his soul1 however1 rejoiced unceasingly on account of the nighness of his return home4 ,,liii4 ,,the ,,return ,,home4 ,o lonesomeness6 ,my ,,home1 lonesomeness6 ,too long have ,i lived wildly in wild remoteness1 to return to thee without tears6 ,now threaten me with the finger as mothers threaten2 now smile upon me as mothers smile2 now say just3 8,who was it that like a whirlwind once rushed away from me8-- --,who when departing called out3 #8,too long have ,i sat with lonesomeness2 there have ,i unlearned silence6' ,,that hast thou learned now--surely8 ,o ,zarathustra1 everything do ,i know2 and that thou wert ,,more ,,forsaken amongst the many1 thou unique one1 than thou ever wert with me6 ,one thing is forsakenness1 another matter is lonesomeness3 ,,that hast thou now learned6 ,and that amongst men thou wilt ever be wild and strange3 --,wild and strange even when they love thee3 for above all they want to be ,,treated ,,indulgently6 ,here1 however1 art thou at home and house with thyself2 here canst thou utter everything1 and unbosom all motives2 nothing is here ashamed of concealed1 congealed feelings4 ,here do all things come caressingly to thy talk and flatter thee3 for they want to ride upon thy back4 ,on every simile dost thou here ride to every truth4 ,uprightly and openly mayest thou here talk to all things3 and verily1 it soundeth as praise in their ears1 for one to talk to all things--directly6 ,another matter1 however1 is forsakenness4 ,for1 dost thou remember1 ,o ,zarathustra8 ,when thy bird screamed overhead1 when thou stoodest in the forest1 irresolute1 ignorant where to go1 beside a corpse3-- --,when thou spakest3 #8,let mine animals lead me6 ,more dangerous have ,i found it among men than among animals3'--,,that was forsakenness6 ,and dost thou remember1 ,o ,zarathustra8 ,when thou sattest in thine isle1 a well of wine giving and granting amongst empty buckets1 bestowing and distributing amongst the thirsty3 --,until at last thou alone sattest thirsty amongst the drunken ones1 and wailedst nightly3 #8,is taking not more blessed than giving8 ,and stealing yet more blessed than taking8'--,,that was forsakenness6 ,and dost thou remember1 ,o ,zarathustra8 ,when thy stillest hour came and drove thee forth from thyself1 when with wicked whispering it said3 #8,speak and succumb6'-- --,when it disgusted thee with all thy waiting and silence1 and discouraged thy humble courage3 ,,that was forsakenness60-- ,o lonesomeness6 ,my home1 lonesomeness6 ,how blessedly and tenderly speaketh thy voice unto me6 ,we do not question each other1 we do not complain to each other2 we go together openly through open doors4 ,for all is open with thee and clear2 and even the hours run here on lighter feet4 ,for in the dark1 time weigheth heavier upon one than in the light4 ,here fly open unto me all being's words and word-cabinets3 here all being wanteth to become words1 here all becoming wanteth to learn of me how to talk4 ,down there1 however--all talking is in vain6 ,there1 forgetting and passing-by are the best wisdom3 ,,that have ,i learned now6 ,he who would understand everything in man must handle everything4 ,but for that ,i have too clean hands4 ,i do not like even to inhale their breath2 alas6 that ,i have lived so long among their noise and bad breaths6 ,o blessed stillness around me6 ,o pure odours around me6 ,how from a deep breast this stillness fetcheth pure breath6 ,how it hearkeneth1 this blessed stillness6 ,but down there--there speaketh everything1 there is everything misheard4 ,if one announce one's wisdom with bells1 the shopmen in the market-place will out-jingle it with pennies6 ,everything among them talketh2 no one knoweth any longer how to understand4 ,everything falleth into the water2 nothing falleth any longer into deep wells4 ,everything among them talketh1 nothing succeedeth any longer and accomplisheth itself4 ,everything cackleth1 but who will still sit quietly on the nest and hatch eggs8 ,everything among them talketh1 everything is out-talked4 ,and that which yesterday was still too hard for time itself and its tooth1 hangeth to-day1 outchamped and outchewed1 from the mouths of the men of to-day4 ,everything among them talketh1 everything is betrayed4 ,and what was once called the secret and secrecy of profound souls1 belongeth to-day to the street-trumpeters and other butterflies4 ,o human hubbub1 thou wonderful thing6 ,thou noise in dark streets6 ,now art thou again behind me3--my greatest danger lieth behind me6 ,in indulging and pitying lay ever my greatest danger2 and all human hubbub wisheth to be indulged and tolerated4 ,with suppressed truths1 with fool's hand and befooled heart1 and rich in petty lies of pity3--thus have ,i ever lived among men4 ,disguised did ,i sit amongst them1 ready to misjudge ,,myself that ,i might endure ,,them1 and willingly saying to myself3 8,thou fool1 thou dost not know men60 ,one unlearneth men when one liveth amongst them3 there is too much foreground in all men--what can far-seeing1 far-longing eyes do ,,there6 ,and1 fool that ,i was1 when they misjudged me1 ,i indulged them on that account more than myself1 being habitually hard on myself1 and often even taking revenge on myself for the indulgence4 ,stung all over by poisonous flies1 and hollowed like the stone by many drops of wickedness3 thus did ,i sit among them1 and still said to myself3 8,innocent is everything petty of its pettiness60 ,especially did ,i find those who call themselves 8the good10 the most poisonous flies2 they sting in all innocence1 they lie in all innocence2 how ,,could they--be just towards me6 ,he who liveth amongst the good--pity teacheth him to lie4 ,pity maketh stifling air for all free souls4 ,for the stupidity of the good is unfathomable4 ,to conceal myself and my riches--,,that did ,i learn down there3 for every one did ,i still find poor in spirit4 ,it was the lie of my pity1 that ,i knew in every one1 --,that ,i saw and scented in every one1 what was ,,enough of spirit for him1 and what was ,,too ,,much6 ,their stiff wise men3 ,i call them wise1 not stiff--thus did ,i learn to slur over words4 ,the grave-diggers dig for themselves diseases4 ,under old rubbish rest bad vapours4 ,one should not stir up the marsh4 ,one should live on mountains4 ,with blessed nostrils do ,i again breathe mountain-freedom4 ,freed at last is my nose from the smell of all human hubbub6 ,with sharp breezes tickled1 as with sparkling wine1 ,,sneezeth my soul-- sneezeth1 and shouteth self-congratulatingly3 8,health to thee60 ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,liv4 ,,the ,,three ,,evil ,,things4 #a4 ,in my dream1 in my last morning-dream1 ,i stood to-day on a promontory-- beyond the world2 ,i held a pair of scales1 and ,,weighed the world4 ,alas1 that the rosy dawn came too early to me3 she glowed me awake1 the jealous one6 ,jealous is she always of the glows of my morning-dream4 ,measurable by him who hath time1 weighable by a good weigher1 attainable by strong pinions1 divinable by divine nut-crackers3 thus did my dream find the world3-- ,my dream1 a bold sailor1 half-ship1 half-hurricane1 silent as the butterfly1 impatient as the falcon3 how had it the patience and leisure to-day for world-weighing6 ,did my wisdom perhaps speak secretly to it1 my laughing1 wide-awake day-wisdom1 which mocketh at all 8infinite worlds08 ,for it saith3 8,where force is1 there becometh ,,number the master3 it hath more force40 ,how confidently did my dream contemplate this finite world1 not new-fangledly1 not old-fangledly1 not timidly1 not entreatingly3-- --,as if a big round apple presented itself to my hand1 a ripe golden apple1 with a coolly-soft1 velvety skin3--thus did the world present itself unto me3-- --,as if a tree nodded unto me1 a broad-branched1 strong-willed tree1 curved as a recline and a foot-stool for weary travellers3 thus did the world stand on my promontory3-- --,as if delicate hands carried a casket towards me--a casket open for the delectation of modest adoring eyes3 thus did the world present itself before me to-day3-- --,not riddle enough to scare human love from it1 not solution enough to put to sleep human wisdom3--a humanly good thing was the world to me to-day1 of which such bad things are said6 ,how ,i thank my morning-dream that ,i thus at to-day's dawn1 weighed the world6 ,as a humanly good thing did it come unto me1 this dream and heart-comforter6 ,and that ,i may do the like by day1 and imitate and copy its best1 now will ,i put the three worst things on the scales1 and weigh them humanly well4-- ,he who taught to bless taught also to curse3 what are the three best cursed things in the world8 ,these will ,i put on the scales4 ,,voluptuousness1 ,,passion ,,for ,,power1 and ,,selfishness3 these three things have hitherto been best cursed1 and have been in worst and falsest repute--these three things will ,i weigh humanly well4 ,well6 ,here is my promontory1 and there is the sea--,,it rolleth hither unto me1 shaggily and fawningly1 the old1 faithful1 hundred-headed dog-monster that ,i love6-- ,well6 ,here will ,i hold the scales over the weltering sea3 and also a witness do ,i choose to look on--thee1 the anchorite-tree1 thee1 the strong-odoured1 broad-arched tree that ,i love6-- ,on what bridge goeth the now to the hereafter8 ,by what constraint doth the high stoop to the low8 ,and what enjoineth even the highest still--to grow upwards8-- ,now stand the scales poised and at rest3 three heavy questions have ,i thrown in2 three heavy answers carrieth the other scale4 #b4 ,voluptuousness3 unto all hair-shirted despisers of the body1 a sting and stake2 and1 cursed as 8the world10 by all backworldsmen3 for it mocketh and befooleth all erring1 misinferring teachers4 ,voluptuousness3 to the rabble1 the slow fire at which it is burnt2 to all wormy wood1 to all stinking rags1 the prepared heat and stew furnace4 ,voluptuousness3 to free hearts1 a thing innocent and free1 the garden-happiness of the earth1 all the future's thanks-overflow to the present4 ,voluptuousness3 only to the withered a sweet poison2 to the lion-willed1 however1 the great cordial1 and the reverently saved wine of wines4 ,voluptuousness3 the great symbolic happiness of a higher happiness and highest hope4 ,for to many is marriage promised1 and more than marriage1-- --,to many that are more unknown to each other than man and woman3--and who hath fully understood ,,how ,,unknown to each other are man and woman6 ,voluptuousness3--but ,i will have hedges around my thoughts1 and even around my words1 lest swine and libertine should break into my gardens6-- ,passion for power3 the glowing scourge of the hardest of the heart-hard2 the cruel torture reserved for the cruellest themselves2 the gloomy flame of living pyres4 ,passion for power3 the wicked gadfly which is mounted on the vainest peoples2 the scorner of all uncertain virtue2 which rideth on every horse and on every pride4 ,passion for power3 the earthquake which breaketh and upbreaketh all that is rotten and hollow2 the rolling1 rumbling1 punitive demolisher of whited sepulchres2 the flashing interrogative-sign beside premature answers4 ,passion for power3 before whose glance man creepeth and croucheth and drudgeth1 and becometh lower than the serpent and the swine3--until at last great contempt crieth out of him--1 ,passion for power3 the terrible teacher of great contempt1 which preacheth to their face to cities and empires3 8,away with thee60--until a voice crieth out of themselves3 8,away with ,,me60 ,passion for power3 which1 however1 mounteth alluringly even to the pure and lonesome1 and up to self-satisfied elevations1 glowing like a love that painteth purple felicities alluringly on earthly heavens4 ,passion for power3 but who would call it ,,passion1 when the height longeth to stoop for power6 ,verily1 nothing sick or diseased is there in such longing and descending6 ,that the lonesome height may not for ever remain lonesome and self-sufficing2 that the mountains may come to the valleys and the winds of the heights to the plains3-- ,oh1 who could find the right prenomen and honouring name for such longing6 8,bestowing virtue0--thus did ,zarathustra once name the unnamable4 ,and then it happened also1--and verily1 it happened for the first time6--that his word blessed ,,selfishness1 the wholesome1 healthy selfishness1 that springeth from the powerful soul3-- --,from the powerful soul1 to which the high body appertaineth1 the handsome1 triumphing1 refreshing body1 around which everything becometh a mirror3 --,the pliant1 persuasive body1 the dancer1 whose symbol and epitome is the self-enjoying soul4 ,of such bodies and souls the self-enjoyment calleth itself 8virtue40 ,with its words of good and bad doth such self-enjoyment shelter itself as with sacred groves2 with the names of its happiness doth it banish from itself everything contemptible4 ,away from itself doth it banish everything cowardly2 it saith3 8,bad--,,that ,,is cowardly60 ,contemptible seem to it the ever-solicitous1 the sighing1 the complaining1 and whoever pick up the most trifling advantage4 ,it despiseth also all bitter-sweet wisdom3 for verily1 there is also wisdom that bloometh in the dark1 a night-shade wisdom1 which ever sigheth3 8,all is vain60 ,shy distrust is regarded by it as base1 and every one who wanteth oaths instead of looks and hands3 also all over-distrustful wisdom1--for such is the mode of cowardly souls4 ,baser still it regardeth the obsequious1 doggish one1 who immediately lieth on his back1 the submissive one2 and there is also wisdom that is submissive1 and doggish1 and pious1 and obsequious4 ,hateful to it altogether1 and a loathing1 is he who will never defend himself1 he who swalloweth down poisonous spittle and bad looks1 the all-too-patient one1 the all-endurer1 the all-satisfied one3 for that is the mode of slaves4 ,whether they be servile before ,gods and divine spurnings1 or before men and stupid human opinions3 at ,,all kinds of slaves doth it spit1 this blessed selfishness6 ,bad3 thus doth it call all that is spirit-broken1 and sordidly-servile--constrained1 blinking eyes1 depressed hearts1 and the false submissive style1 which kisseth with broad cowardly lips4 ,and spurious wisdom3 so doth it call all the wit that slaves1 and hoary-headed and weary ones affect2 and especially all the cunning1 spurious-witted1 curious-witted foolishness of priests6 ,the spurious wise1 however1 all the priests1 the world-weary1 and those whose souls are of feminine and servile nature--oh1 how hath their game all along abused selfishness6 ,and precisely ,,that was to be virtue and was to be called virtue--to abuse selfishness6 ,and 8selfless0--so did they wish themselves with good reason1 all those world-weary cowards and cross-spiders6 ,but to all those cometh now the day1 the change1 the sword of judgment1 ,,the ,,great ,,noontide3 then shall many things be revealed6 ,and he who proclaimeth the ,,ego wholesome and holy1 and selfishness blessed1 verily1 he1 the prognosticator1 speaketh also what he knoweth3 8,,behold1 ,,it ,,cometh1 ,,it ,,is ,,nigh1 ,,the ,,great ,,noontide60 ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,lv4 ,,the ,,spirit ,,of ,,gravity4 #a4 ,my mouthpiece--is of the people3 too coarsely and cordially do ,i talk for ,angora rabbits4 ,and still stranger soundeth my word unto all ink-fish and pen-foxes4 ,my hand--is a fool's hand3 woe unto all tables and walls1 and whatever hath room for fool's sketching1 fool's scrawling6 ,my foot--is a horse-foot2 therewith do ,i trample and trot over stick and stone1 in the fields up and down1 and am bedevilled with delight in all fast racing4 ,my stomach--is surely an eagle's stomach8 ,for it preferreth lamb's flesh4 ,certainly it is a bird's stomach4 ,nourished with innocent things1 and with few1 ready and impatient to fly1 to fly away--that is now my nature3 why should there not be something of bird-nature therein6 ,and especially that ,i am hostile to the spirit of gravity1 that is bird-nature3--verily1 deadly hostile1 supremely hostile1 originally hostile6 ,oh1 whither hath my hostility not flown and misflown6 ,thereof could ,i sing a song--and ,,will sing it3 though ,i be alone in an empty house1 and must sing it to mine own ears4 ,other singers are there1 to be sure1 to whom only the full house maketh the voice soft1 the hand eloquent1 the eye expressive1 the heart wakeful3--those do ,i not resemble4-- #b4 ,he who one day teacheth men to fly will have shifted all landmarks2 to him will all landmarks themselves fly into the air2 the earth will he christen anew--as 8the light body40 ,the ostrich runneth faster than the fastest horse1 but it also thrusteth its head heavily into the heavy earth3 thus is it with the man who cannot yet fly4 ,heavy unto him are earth and life1 and so ,,willeth the spirit of gravity6 ,but he who would become light1 and be a bird1 must love himself3--thus do ,i teach4 ,not1 to be sure1 with the love of the sick and infected1 for with them stinketh even self-love6 ,one must learn to love oneself--thus do ,i teach--with a wholesome and healthy love3 that one may endure to be with oneself1 and not go roving about4 ,such roving about christeneth itself 8brotherly love02 with these words hath there hitherto been the best lying and dissembling1 and especially by those who have been burdensome to every one4 ,and verily1 it is no commandment for to-day and to-morrow to ,,learn to love oneself4 ,rather is it of all arts the finest1 subtlest1 last and patientest4 ,for to its possessor is all possession well concealed1 and of all treasure-pits one's own is last excavated--so causeth the spirit of gravity4 ,almost in the cradle are we apportioned with heavy words and worths3 8good0 and 8evil0--so calleth itself this dowry4 ,for the sake of it we are forgiven for living4 ,and therefore suffereth one little children to come unto one1 to forbid them betimes to love themselves--so causeth the spirit of gravity4 ,and we--we bear loyally what is apportioned unto us1 on hard shoulders1 over rugged mountains6 ,and when we sweat1 then do people say to us3 8,yea1 life is hard to bear60 ,but man himself only is hard to bear6 ,the reason thereof is that he carrieth too many extraneous things on his shoulders4 ,like the camel kneeleth he down1 and letteth himself be well laden4 ,especially the strong load-bearing man in whom reverence resideth4 ,too many ,,extraneous heavy words and worths loadeth he upon himself--then seemeth life to him a desert6 ,and verily6 ,many a thing also that is ,,our ,,own is hard to bear6 ,and many internal things in man are like the oyster--repulsive and slippery and hard to grasp2-- ,so that an elegant shell1 with elegant adornment1 must plead for them4 ,but this art also must one learn3 to ,,have a shell1 and a fine appearance1 and sagacious blindness6 ,again1 it deceiveth about many things in man1 that many a shell is poor and pitiable1 and too much of a shell4 ,much concealed goodness and power is never dreamt of2 the choicest dainties find no tasters6 ,women know that1 the choicest of them3 a little fatter a little leaner-- oh1 how much fate is in so little6 ,man is difficult to discover1 and unto himself most difficult of all2 often lieth the spirit concerning the soul4 ,so causeth the spirit of gravity4 ,he1 however1 hath discovered himself who saith3 ,this is ,,my good and evil3 therewith hath he silenced the mole and the dwarf1 who say3 8,good for all1 evil for all40 ,verily1 neither do ,i like those who call everything good1 and this world the best of all4 ,those do ,i call the all-satisfied4 ,all-satisfiedness1 which knoweth how to taste everything1--that is not the best taste6 ,i honour the refractory1 fastidious tongues and stomachs1 which have learned to say 8,i0 and 8,yea0 and 8,nay40 ,to chew and digest everything1 however--that is the genuine swine-nature6 ,ever to say ,,ye-,a--that hath only the ass learnt1 and those like it6-- ,deep yellow and hot red--so wanteth ,,my taste--it mixeth blood with all colours4 ,he1 however1 who whitewasheth his house1 betrayeth unto me a whitewashed soul4 ,with mummies1 some fall in love2 others with phantoms3 both alike hostile to all flesh and blood--oh1 how repugnant are both to my taste6 ,for ,i love blood4 ,and there will ,i not reside and abide where every one spitteth and speweth3 that is now ,,my taste1--rather would ,i live amongst thieves and perjurers4 ,nobody carrieth gold in his mouth4 ,still more repugnant unto me1 however1 are all lickspittles2 and the most repugnant animal of man that ,i found1 did ,i christen 8parasite03 it would not love1 and would yet live by love4 ,unhappy do ,i call all those who have only one choice3 either to become evil beasts1 or evil beast-tamers4 ,amongst such would ,i not build my tabernacle4 ,unhappy do ,i also call those who have ever to ,,wait1--they are repugnant to my taste--all the toll-gatherers and traders1 and kings1 and other landkeepers and shopkeepers4 ,verily1 ,i learned waiting also1 and thoroughly so1--but only waiting for ,,myself4 ,and above all did ,i learn standing and walking and running and leaping and climbing and dancing4 ,this however is my teaching3 he who wisheth one day to fly1 must first learn standing and walking and running and climbing and dancing3--one doth not fly into flying6 ,with rope-ladders learned ,i to reach many a window1 with nimble legs did ,i climb high masts3 to sit on high masts of perception seemed to me no small bliss2-- --,to flicker like small flames on high masts3 a small light1 certainly1 but a great comfort to cast-away sailors and shipwrecked ones6 ,by divers ways and wendings did ,i arrive at my truth2 not by one ladder did ,i mount to the height where mine eye roveth into my remoteness4 ,and unwillingly only did ,i ask my way--that was always counter to my taste6 ,rather did ,i question and test the ways themselves4 ,a testing and a questioning hath been all my travelling3--and verily1 one must also ,,learn to answer such questioning6 ,that1 however1--is my taste3 --,neither a good nor a bad taste1 but ,,my taste1 of which ,i have no longer either shame or secrecy4 8,this--is now ,,my way1--where is yours80 ,thus did ,i answer those who asked me 8the way40 ,for ,,the way--it doth not exist6 ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,lvi4 ,,old ,,and ,,new ,,tables4 #a4 ,here do ,i sit and wait1 old broken tables around me and also new half-written tables4 ,when cometh mine hour8 --,the hour of my descent1 of my down-going3 for once more will ,i go unto men4 ,for that hour do ,i now wait3 for first must the signs come unto me that it is ,,mine hour--namely1 the laughing lion with the flock of doves4 ,meanwhile do ,i talk to myself as one who hath time4 ,no one telleth me anything new1 so ,i tell myself mine own story4 #b4 ,when ,i came unto men1 then found ,i them resting on an old infatuation3 all of them thought they had long known what was good and bad for men4 ,an old wearisome business seemed to them all discourse about virtue2 and he who wished to sleep well spake of 8good0 and 8bad0 ere retiring to rest4 ,this somnolence did ,i disturb when ,i taught that ,,no ,,one ,,yet ,,knoweth what is good and bad3--unless it be the creating one6 --,it is he1 however1 who createth man's goal1 and giveth to the earth its meaning and its future3 he only ,,effecteth it ,,that aught is good or bad4 ,and ,i bade them upset their old academic chairs1 and wherever that old infatuation had sat2 ,i bade them laugh at their great moralists1 their saints1 their poets1 and their ,saviours4 ,at their gloomy sages did ,i bid them laugh1 and whoever had sat admonishing as a black scarecrow on the tree of life4 ,on their great grave-highway did ,i seat myself1 and even beside the carrion and vultures--and ,i laughed at all their bygone and its mellow decaying glory4 ,verily1 like penitential preachers and fools did ,i cry wrath and shame on all their greatness and smallness4 ,oh1 that their best is so very small6 ,oh1 that their worst is so very small6 ,thus did ,i laugh4 ,thus did my wise longing1 born in the mountains1 cry and laugh in me2 a wild wisdom1 verily6--my great pinion-rustling longing4 ,and oft did it carry me off and up and away and in the midst of laughter2 then flew ,i quivering like an arrow with sun-intoxicated rapture3 --,out into distant futures1 which no dream hath yet seen1 into warmer souths than ever sculptor conceived1--where gods in their dancing are ashamed of all clothes3 7,that ,i may speak in parables and halt and stammer like the poets3 and verily ,i am ashamed that ,i have still to be a poet67 ,where all becoming seemed to me dancing of ,gods1 and wantoning of ,gods1 and the world unloosed and unbridled and fleeing back to itself3-- --,as an eternal self-fleeing and re-seeking of one another of many ,gods1 as the blessed self-contradicting1 recommuning1 and refraternising with one another of many ,gods3-- ,where all time seemed to me a blessed mockery of moments1 where necessity was freedom itself1 which played happily with the goad of freedom3-- ,where ,i also found again mine old devil and arch-enemy1 the spirit of gravity1 and all that it created3 constraint1 law1 necessity and consequence and purpose and will and good and evil3-- ,for must there not be that which is danced ,,over1 danced beyond8 ,must there not1 for the sake of the nimble1 the nimblest1--be moles and clumsy dwarfs8-- #c4 ,there was it also where ,i picked up from the path the word 8,superman10 and that man is something that must be surpassed4 --,that man is a bridge and not a goal--rejoicing over his noontides and evenings1 as advances to new rosy dawns3 --,the ,zarathustra word of the great noontide1 and whatever else ,i have hung up over men like purple evening-afterglows4 ,verily1 also new stars did ,i make them see1 along with new nights2 and over cloud and day and night1 did ,i spread out laughter like a gay-coloured canopy4 ,i taught them all ,,my poetisation and aspiration3 to compose and collect into unity what is fragment in man1 and riddle and fearful chance2-- --,as composer1 riddle-reader1 and redeemer of chance1 did ,i teach them to create the future1 and all that ,,hath ,,been--to redeem by creating4 ,the past of man to redeem1 and every 8,it was0 to transform1 until the ,will saith3 8,but so did ,i will it6 ,so shall ,i will it--0 --,this did ,i call redemption2 this alone taught ,i them to call redemption4-- ,now do ,i await ,,my redemption--that ,i may go unto them for the last time4 ,for once more will ,i go unto men3 ,,amongst them will my sun set2 in dying will ,i give them my choicest gift6 ,from the sun did ,i learn this1 when it goeth down1 the exuberant one3 gold doth it then pour into the sea1 out of inexhaustible riches1-- --,so that the poorest fisherman roweth even with ,,golden oars6 ,for this did ,i once see1 and did not tire of weeping in beholding it4-- ,like the sun will also ,zarathustra go down3 now sitteth he here and waiteth1 old broken tables around him1 and also new tables--half-written4 #d4 ,behold1 here is a new table2 but where are my brethren who will carry it with me to the valley and into hearts of flesh8-- ,thus demandeth my great love to the remotest ones3 ,,be ,,not ,,considerate ,,of ,,thy ,,neighbour6 ,man is something that must be surpassed4 ,there are many divers ways and modes of surpassing3 see ,,thou thereto6 ,but only a buffoon thinketh3 8man can also be ,,overleapt40 ,surpass thyself even in thy neighbour3 and a right which thou canst seize upon1 shalt thou not allow to be given thee6 ,what thou doest can no one do to thee again4 ,lo1 there is no requital4 ,he who cannot command himself shall obey4 ,and many a one ,,can command himself1 but still sorely lacketh self-obedience6 #e4 ,thus wisheth the type of noble souls3 they desire to have nothing ,,gratuitously1 least of all1 life4 ,he who is of the populace wisheth to live gratuitously2 we others1 however1 to whom life hath given itself--we are ever considering ,,what we can best give ,,in ,,return6 ,and verily1 it is a noble dictum which saith3 8,what life promiseth ,,us1 that promise will ,,we keep--to life60 ,one should not wish to enjoy where one doth not contribute to the enjoyment4 ,and one should not ,,wish to enjoy6 ,for enjoyment and innocence are the most bashful things4 ,neither like to be sought for4 ,one should ,,have them1--but one should rather ,,seek for guilt and pain6-- #f4 ,o my brethren1 he who is a firstling is ever sacrificed4 ,now1 however1 are we firstlings6 ,we all bleed on secret sacrificial altars1 we all burn and broil in honour of ancient idols4 ,our best is still young3 this exciteth old palates4 ,our flesh is tender1 our skin is only lambs' skin3--how could we not excite old idol-priests6 ,,in ,,ourselves dwelleth he still1 the old idol-priest1 who broileth our best for his banquet4 ,ah1 my brethren1 how could firstlings fail to be sacrifices6 ,but so wisheth our type2 and ,i love those who do not wish to preserve themselves1 the down-going ones do ,i love with mine entire love3 for they go beyond4-- #g4 ,to be true--that ,,can few be6 ,and he who can1 will not6 ,least of all1 however1 can the good be true4 ,oh1 those good ones6 ,,good ,,men ,,never ,,speak ,,the ,,truth4 ,for the spirit1 thus to be good1 is a malady4 ,they yield1 those good ones1 they submit themselves2 their heart repeateth1 their soul obeyeth3 ,,he1 however1 who obeyeth1 ,,doth ,,not ,,listen ,,to ,,himself6 ,all that is called evil by the good1 must come together in order that one truth may be born4 ,o my brethren1 are ye also evil enough for ,,this truth8 ,the daring venture1 the prolonged distrust1 the cruel ,nay1 the tedium1 the cutting-into-the-quick--how seldom do ,,these come together6 ,out of such seed1 however--is truth produced6 ,,beside the bad conscience hath hitherto grown all ,,knowledge6 ,break up1 break up1 ye discerning ones1 the old tables6 #h4 ,when the water hath planks1 when gangways and railings o'erspan the stream1 verily1 he is not believed who then saith3 8,all is in flux40 ,but even the simpletons contradict him4 8,what80 say the simpletons1 8all in flux8 ,planks and railings are still ,,over the stream6 8,,over the stream all is stable1 all the values of things1 the bridges and bearings1 all #8good' and #8evil'3 these are all ,,stable60-- ,cometh1 however1 the hard winter1 the stream-tamer1 then learn even the wittiest distrust1 and verily1 not only the simpletons then say3 8,should not everything--,,stand ,,still80 8,fundamentally standeth everything still0--that is an appropriate winter doctrine1 good cheer for an unproductive period1 a great comfort for winter-sleepers and fireside-loungers4 8,fundamentally standeth everything still0--3 but ,,contrary thereto1 preacheth the thawing wind6 ,the thawing wind1 a bullock1 which is no ploughing bullock--a furious bullock1 a destroyer1 which with angry horns breaketh the ice6 ,the ice however--,,breaketh ,,gangways6 ,o my brethren1 is not everything ,,at ,,present ,,in ,,flux8 ,have not all railings and gangways fallen into the water8 ,who would still ,,hold ,,on to 8good0 and 8evil08 8,woe to us6 ,hail to us6 ,the thawing wind bloweth60--,thus preach1 my brethren1 through all the streets6 #i4 ,there is an old illusion--it is called good and evil4 ,around soothsayers and astrologers hath hitherto revolved the orbit of this illusion4 ,once did one ,,believe in soothsayers and astrologers2 and ,,therefore did one believe1 8,everything is fate3 thou shalt1 for thou must60 ,then again did one distrust all soothsayers and astrologers2 and ,,therefore did one believe1 8,everything is freedom3 thou canst1 for thou willest60 ,o my brethren1 concerning the stars and the future there hath hitherto been only illusion1 and not knowledge2 and ,,therefore concerning good and evil there hath hitherto been only illusion and not knowledge6 #aj4 8,thou shalt not rob6 ,thou shalt not slay60--such precepts were once called holy2 before them did one bow the knee and the head1 and take off one's shoes4 ,but ,i ask you3 ,where have there ever been better robbers and slayers in the world than such holy precepts8 ,is there not even in all life--robbing and slaying8 ,and for such precepts to be called holy1 was not ,,truth itself thereby--slain8 --,or was it a sermon of death that called holy what contradicted and dissuaded from life8--,o my brethren1 break up1 break up for me the old tables6 #aa4 ,it is my sympathy with all the past that ,i see it is abandoned1-- --,abandoned to the favour1 the spirit and the madness of every generation that cometh1 and reinterpreteth all that hath been as its bridge6 ,a great potentate might arise1 an artful prodigy1 who with approval and disapproval could strain and constrain all the past1 until it became for him a bridge1 a harbinger1 a herald1 and a cock-crowing4 ,this however is the other danger1 and mine other sympathy3--he who is of the populace1 his thoughts go back to his grandfather1--with his grandfather1 however1 doth time cease4 ,thus is all the past abandoned3 for it might some day happen for the populace to become master1 and drown all time in shallow waters4 ,therefore1 ,o my brethren1 a ,,new ,,nobility is needed1 which shall be the adversary of all populace and potentate rule1 and shall inscribe anew the word 8noble0 on new tables4 ,for many noble ones are needed1 and many kinds of noble ones1 ,,for ,a ,,new ,,nobility6 ,or1 as ,i once said in parable3 8,that is just divinity1 that there are ,gods1 but no ,god60 #ab4 ,o my brethren1 ,i consecrate you and point you to a new nobility3 ye shall become procreators and cultivators and sowers of the future2-- --,verily1 not to a nobility which ye could purchase like traders with traders' gold2 for little worth is all that hath its price4 ,let it not be your honour henceforth whence ye come1 but whither ye go6 ,your ,will and your feet which seek to surpass you--let these be your new honour6 ,verily1 not that ye have served a prince--of what account are princes now6--nor that ye have become a bulwark to that which standeth1 that it may stand more firmly4 ,not that your family have become courtly at courts1 and that ye have learned--gay-coloured1 like the flamingo--to stand long hours in shallow pools3 7,for ,,ability-to-stand is a merit in courtiers2 and all courtiers believe that unto blessedness after death pertaineth--,,permission-to-sit67 ,nor even that a ,spirit called ,holy1 led your forefathers into promised lands1 which ,i do not praise3 for where the worst of all trees grew--the cross1--in that land there is nothing to praise6-- --,and verily1 wherever this 8,holy ,spirit0 led its knights1 always in such campaigns did--goats and geese1 and wryheads and guyheads run ,,foremost6-- ,o my brethren1 not backward shall your nobility gaze1 but ,,outward6 ,exiles shall ye be from all fatherlands and forefather-lands6 ,your ,,children',s ,,land shall ye love3 let this love be your new nobility1--the undiscovered in the remotest seas6 ,for it do ,i bid your sails search and search6 ,unto your children shall ye ,,make ,,amends for being the children of your fathers3 all the past shall ye ,,thus redeem6 ,this new table do ,i place over you6 #ac4 8,why should one live8 ,all is vain6 ,to live--that is to thrash straw2 to live--that is to burn oneself and yet not get warm40-- ,such ancient babbling still passeth for 8wisdom02 because it is old1 however1 and smelleth mustily1 ,,therefore is it the more honoured4 ,even mould ennobleth4-- ,children might thus speak3 they ,,shun the fire because it hath burnt them6 ,there is much childishness in the old books of wisdom4 ,and he who ever 8thrasheth straw10 why should he be allowed to rail at thrashing6 ,such a fool one would have to muzzle6 ,such persons sit down to the table and bring nothing with them1 not even good hunger3--and then do they rail3 8,all is vain60 ,but to eat and drink well1 my brethren1 is verily no vain art6 ,break up1 break up for me the tables of the never-joyous ones6 #ad4 8,to the clean are all things clean0--thus say the people4 ,i1 however1 say unto you3 ,to the swine all things become swinish6 ,therefore preach the visionaries and bowed-heads 7whose hearts are also bowed down73 8,the world itself is a filthy monster40 ,for these are all unclean spirits2 especially those1 however1 who have no peace or rest1 unless they see the world ,,from ,,the ,,backside--the backworldsmen6 ,,to ,,those do ,i say it to the face1 although it sound unpleasantly3 the world resembleth man1 in that it hath a backside1--,,so ,,much is true6 ,there is in the world much filth3 ,,so ,,much is true6 ,but the world itself is not therefore a filthy monster6 ,there is wisdom in the fact that much in the world smelleth badly3 loathing itself createth wings1 and fountain-divining powers6 ,in the best there is still something to loathe2 and the best is still something that must be surpassed6-- ,o my brethren1 there is much wisdom in the fact that much filth is in the world6-- #ae4 ,such sayings did ,i hear pious backworldsmen speak to their consciences1 and verily without wickedness or guile1--although there is nothing more guileful in the world1 or more wicked4 8,let the world be as it is6 ,raise not a finger against it60 8,let whoever will choke and stab and skin and scrape the people3 raise not a finger against it6 ,thereby will they learn to renounce the world40 8,and thine own reason--this shalt thou thyself stifle and choke2 for it is a reason of this world1--thereby wilt thou learn thyself to renounce the world40-- --,shatter1 shatter1 ,o my brethren1 those old tables of the pious6 ,tatter the maxims of the world-maligners6-- #af4 8,he who learneth much unlearneth all violent cravings0--that do people now whisper to one another in all the dark lanes4 8,wisdom wearieth1 nothing is worth while2 thou shalt not crave60--this new table found ,i hanging even in the public markets4 ,break up for me1 ,o my brethren1 break up also that ,,new table6 ,the weary-o'-the-world put it up1 and the preachers of death and the jailer3 for lo1 it is also a sermon for slavery3-- ,because they learned badly and not the best1 and everything too early and everything too fast2 because they ,,ate badly3 from thence hath resulted their ruined stomach2-- --,for a ruined stomach1 is their spirit3 ,,it persuadeth to death6 ,for verily1 my brethren1 the spirit ,,is a stomach6 ,life is a well of delight1 but to him in whom the ruined stomach speaketh1 the father of affliction1 all fountains are poisoned4 ,to discern3 that is ,,delight to the lion-willed6 ,but he who hath become weary1 is himself merely 8willed02 with him play all the waves4 ,and such is always the nature of weak men3 they lose themselves on their way4 ,and at last asketh their weariness3 8,why did we ever go on the way8 ,all is indifferent60 ,,to ,,them soundeth it pleasant to have preached in their ears3 8,nothing is worth while6 ,ye shall not will60 ,that1 however1 is a sermon for slavery4 ,o my brethren1 a fresh blustering wind cometh ,zarathustra unto all way-weary ones2 many noses will he yet make sneeze6 ,even through walls bloweth my free breath1 and in into prisons and imprisoned spirits6 ,willing emancipateth3 for willing is creating3 so do ,i teach4 ,and ,,only for creating shall ye learn6 ,and also the learning shall ye ,,learn only from me1 the learning well6--,he who hath ears let him hear6 #ag4 ,there standeth the boat--thither goeth it over1 perhaps into vast nothingness--but who willeth to enter into this 8,perhaps08 ,none of you want to enter into the death-boat6 ,how should ye then be ,,world-,,weary ones6 ,world-weary ones6 ,and have not even withdrawn from the earth6 ,eager did ,i ever find you for the earth1 amorous still of your own earth-weariness6 ,not in vain doth your lip hang down3--a small worldly wish still sitteth thereon6 ,and in your eye--floateth there not a cloudlet of unforgotten earthly bliss8 ,there are on the earth many good inventions1 some useful1 some pleasant3 for their sake is the earth to be loved4 ,and many such good inventions are there1 that they are like woman's breasts3 useful at the same time1 and pleasant4 ,ye world-weary ones1 however6 ,ye earth-idlers6 ,you1 shall one beat with stripes6 ,with stripes shall one again make you sprightly limbs4 ,for if ye be not invalids1 or decrepit creatures1 of whom the earth is weary1 then are ye sly sloths1 or dainty1 sneaking pleasure-cats4 ,and if ye will not again ,,run gaily1 then shall ye--pass away6 ,to the incurable shall one not seek to be a physician3 thus teacheth ,zarathustra3--so shall ye pass away6 ,but more ,,courage is needed to make an end than to make a new verse3 that do all physicians and poets know well4-- #ah4 ,o my brethren1 there are tables which weariness framed1 and tables which slothfulness framed1 corrupt slothfulness3 although they speak similarly1 they want to be heard differently4-- ,see this languishing one6 ,only a span-breadth is he from his goal2 but from weariness hath he lain down obstinately in the dust1 this brave one6 ,from weariness yawneth he at the path1 at the earth1 at the goal1 and at himself3 not a step further will he go1--this brave one6 ,now gloweth the sun upon him1 and the dogs lick at his sweat3 but he lieth there in his obstinacy and preferreth to languish3-- --,a span-breadth from his goal1 to languish6 ,verily1 ye will have to drag him into his heaven by the hair of his head--this hero6 ,better still that ye let him lie where he hath lain down1 that sleep may come unto him1 the comforter1 with cooling patter-rain4 ,let him lie1 until of his own accord he awakeneth1--until of his own accord he repudiateth all weariness1 and what weariness hath taught through him6 ,only1 my brethren1 see that ye scare the dogs away from him1 the idle skulkers1 and all the swarming vermin3-- --,all the swarming vermin of the 8cultured10 that--feast on the sweat of every hero6-- #ai4 ,i form circles around me and holy boundaries2 ever fewer ascend with me ever higher mountains3 ,i build a mountain-range out of ever holier mountains4-- ,but wherever ye would ascend with me1 ,o my brethren1 take care lest a ,,parasite ascend with you6 ,a parasite3 that is a reptile1 a creeping1 cringing reptile1 that trieth to fatten on your infirm and sore places4 ,and ,,this is its art3 it divineth where ascending souls are weary1 in your trouble and dejection1 in your sensitive modesty1 doth it build its loathsome nest4 ,where the strong are weak1 where the noble are all-too-gentle--there buildeth it its loathsome nest2 the parasite liveth where the great have small sore places4 ,what is the highest of all species of being1 and what is the lowest8 ,the parasite is the lowest species2 he1 however1 who is of the highest species feedeth most parasites4 ,for the soul which hath the longest ladder1 and can go deepest down3 how could there fail to be most parasites upon it8-- --,the most comprehensive soul1 which can run and stray and rove furthest in itself2 the most necessary soul1 which out of joy flingeth itself into chance3-- --,the soul in ,being1 which plungeth into ,becoming2 the possessing soul1 which ,,seeketh to attain desire and longing3-- --,the soul fleeing from itself1 which overtaketh itself in the widest circuit2 the wisest soul1 unto which folly speaketh most sweetly3-- --,the soul most self-loving1 in which all things have their current and counter-current1 their ebb and their flow3--oh1 how could ,,the ,,loftiest ,,soul fail to have the worst parasites8 #bj4 ,o my brethren1 am ,i then cruel8 ,but ,i say3 ,what falleth1 that shall one also push6 ,everything of to-day--it falleth1 it decayeth2 who would preserve it6 ,but ,i--,i wish also to push it6 ,know ye the delight which rolleth stones into precipitous depths8--,those men of to-day1 see just how they roll into my depths6 ,a prelude am ,i to better players1 ,o my brethren6 ,an example6 ,,do according to mine example6 ,and him whom ye do not teach to fly1 teach ,i pray you--,,to ,,fall ,,faster6-- #ba4 ,i love the brave3 but it is not enough to be a swordsman1--one must also know ,,whereon to use swordsmanship6 ,and often is it greater bravery to keep quiet and pass by1 that ,,thereby one may reserve oneself for a worthier foe6 ,ye shall only have foes to be hated2 but not foes to be despised3 ye must be proud of your foes4 ,thus have ,i already taught4 ,for the worthier foe1 ,o my brethren1 shall ye reserve yourselves3 therefore must ye pass by many a one1-- --,especially many of the rabble1 who din your ears with noise about people and peoples4 ,keep your eye clear of their ,for and ,against6 ,there is there much right1 much wrong3 he who looketh on becometh wroth4 ,therein viewing1 therein hewing--they are the same thing3 therefore depart into the forests and lay your sword to sleep6 ,go ,,your ways6 and let the people and peoples go theirs6--gloomy ways1 verily1 on which not a single hope glinteth any more6 ,let there the trader rule1 where all that still glittereth is--traders' gold4 ,it is the time of kings no longer3 that which now calleth itself the people is unworthy of kings4 ,see how these peoples themselves now do just like the traders3 they pick up the smallest advantage out of all kinds of rubbish6 ,they lay lures for one another1 they lure things out of one another1--that they call 8good neighbourliness40 ,o blessed remote period when a people said to itself3 8,i will be--,,master over peoples60 ,for1 my brethren1 the best shall rule1 the best also ,,willeth to rule6 ,and where the teaching is different1 there--the best is ,,lacking4 #bb4 ,if ,,they had--bread for nothing1 alas6 for what would ,,they cry6 ,their maintainment--that is their true entertainment2 and they shall have it hard6 ,beasts of prey1 are they3 in their 8working0--there is even plundering1 in their 8earning0--there is even overreaching6 ,therefore shall they have it hard6 ,better beasts of prey shall they thus become1 subtler1 cleverer1 ,,more ,,man-,,like3 for man is the best beast of prey4 ,all the animals hath man already robbed of their virtues3 that is why of all animals it hath been hardest for man4 ,only the birds are still beyond him4 ,and if man should yet learn to fly1 alas6 ,,to ,,what ,,height--would his rapacity fly6 #bc4 ,thus would ,i have man and woman3 fit for war1 the one2 fit for maternity1 the other2 both1 however1 fit for dancing with head and legs4 ,and lost be the day to us in which a measure hath not been danced4 ,and false be every truth which hath not had laughter along with it6 #bd4 ,your marriage-arranging3 see that it be not a bad ,,arranging6 ,ye have arranged too hastily3 so there ,,followeth therefrom--marriage-breaking6 ,and better marriage-breaking than marriage-bending1 marriage-lying6--,thus spake a woman unto me3 8,indeed1 ,i broke the marriage1 but first did the marriage break--me60 ,the badly paired found ,i ever the most revengeful3 they make every one suffer for it that they no longer run singly4 ,on that account want ,i the honest ones to say to one another3 8,we love each other3 let us ,,see ,,to ,,it that we maintain our love6 ,or shall our pledging be blundering80 --8,give us a set term and a small marriage1 that we may see if we are fit for the great marriage6 ,it is a great matter always to be twain40 ,thus do ,i counsel all honest ones2 and what would be my love to the ,superman1 and to all that is to come1 if ,i should counsel and speak otherwise6 ,not only to propagate yourselves onwards but ,,upwards--thereto1 ,o my brethren1 may the garden of marriage help you6 #be4 ,he who hath grown wise concerning old origins1 lo1 he will at last seek after the fountains of the future and new origins4-- ,o my brethren1 not long will it be until ,,new ,,peoples shall arise and new fountains shall rush down into new depths4 ,for the earthquake--it choketh up many wells1 it causeth much languishing3 but it bringeth also to light inner powers and secrets4 ,the earthquake discloseth new fountains4 ,in the earthquake of old peoples new fountains burst forth4 ,and whoever calleth out3 8,lo1 here is a well for many thirsty ones1 one heart for many longing ones1 one will for many instruments03--around him collecteth a ,,people1 that is to say1 many attempting ones4 ,who can command1 who must obey--,,that ,,is ,,there ,,attempted6 ,ah1 with what long seeking and solving and failing and learning and re-attempting6 ,human society3 it is an attempt--so ,i teach--a long seeking3 it seeketh however the ruler6-- --,an attempt1 my brethren6 ,and ,,no 8contract06 ,destroy1 ,i pray you1 destroy that word of the soft-hearted and half-and-half6 #bf4 ,o my brethren6 ,with whom lieth the greatest danger to the whole human future8 ,is it not with the good and just8-- --,as those who say and feel in their hearts3 8,we already know what is good and just1 we possess it also2 woe to those who still seek thereafter60 ,and whatever harm the wicked may do1 the harm of the good is the harmfulest harm6 ,and whatever harm the world-maligners may do1 the harm of the good is the harmfulest harm6 ,o my brethren1 into the hearts of the good and just looked some one once on a time1 who said3 8,they are the ,pharisees40 ,but people did not understand him4 ,the good and just themselves were not free to understand him2 their spirit was imprisoned in their good conscience4 ,the stupidity of the good is unfathomably wise4 ,it is the truth1 however1 that the good ,,must be ,pharisees--they have no choice6 ,the good ,,must crucify him who deviseth his own virtue6 ,that ,,is the truth6 ,the second one1 however1 who discovered their country--the country1 heart and soil of the good and just1--it was he who asked3 8,whom do they hate most80 ,the ,,creator1 hate they most1 him who breaketh the tables and old values1 the breaker1--him they call the law-breaker4 ,for the good--they ,,cannot create2 they are always the beginning of the end3-- --,they crucify him who writeth new values on new tables1 they sacrifice ,,unto ,,themselves the future--they crucify the whole human future6 ,the good--they have always been the beginning of the end4-- #bg4 ,o my brethren1 have ye also understood this word8 ,and what ,i once said of the 8last man08-- ,with whom lieth the greatest danger to the whole human future8 ,is it not with the good and just8 ,,break ,,up1 ,,break ,,up1 ,i ,,pray ,,you1 ,,the ,,good ,,and ,,just6--,o my brethren1 have ye understood also this word8 #bh4 ,ye flee from me8 ,ye are frightened8 ,ye tremble at this word8 ,o my brethren1 when ,i enjoined you to break up the good1 and the tables of the good1 then only did ,i embark man on his high seas4 ,and now only cometh unto him the great terror1 the great outlook1 the great sickness1 the great nausea1 the great sea-sickness4 ,false shores and false securities did the good teach you2 in the lies of the good were ye born and bred4 ,everything hath been radically contorted and distorted by the good4 ,but he who discovered the country of 8man10 discovered also the country of 8man's future40 ,now shall ye be sailors for me1 brave1 patient6 ,keep yourselves up betimes1 my brethren1 learn to keep yourselves up6 ,the sea stormeth3 many seek to raise themselves again by you4 ,the sea stormeth3 all is in the sea4 ,well6 ,cheer up6 ,ye old seaman-hearts6 ,what of fatherland6 ,,thither striveth our helm where our ,,children',s ,,land is6 ,thitherwards1 stormier than the sea1 stormeth our great longing6-- #bi4 8,why so hard60--said to the diamond one day the charcoal2 8are we then not near relatives80-- ,why so soft8 ,o my brethren2 thus do ,i ask you3 are ye then not--my brethren8 ,why so soft1 so submissive and yielding8 ,why is there so much negation and abnegation in your hearts8 ,why is there so little fate in your looks8 ,and if ye will not be fates and inexorable ones1 how can ye one day-- conquer with me8 ,and if your hardness will not glance and cut and chip to pieces1 how can ye one day--create with me8 ,for the creators are hard4 ,and blessedness must it seem to you to press your hand upon millenniums as upon wax1-- --,blessedness to write upon the will of millenniums as upon brass1--harder than brass1 nobler than brass4 ,entirely hard is only the noblest4 ,this new table1 ,o my brethren1 put ,i up over you3 ,,become ,,hard6-- #cj4 ,o thou1 my ,will6 ,thou change of every need1 ,,my needfulness6 ,preserve me from all small victories6 ,thou fatedness of my soul1 which ,i call fate6 ,thou ,in-me6 ,over-me6 ,preserve and spare me for one great fate6 ,and thy last greatness1 my ,will1 spare it for thy last--that thou mayest be inexorable ,,in thy victory6 ,ah1 who hath not succumbed to his victory6 ,ah1 whose eye hath not bedimmed in this intoxicated twilight6 ,ah1 whose foot hath not faltered and forgotten in victory--how to stand6-- --,that ,i may one day be ready and ripe in the great noontide3 ready and ripe like the glowing ore1 the lightning-bearing cloud1 and the swelling milk-udder3-- --,ready for myself and for my most hidden ,will3 a bow eager for its arrow1 an arrow eager for its star3-- --,a star1 ready and ripe in its noontide1 glowing1 pierced1 blessed1 by annihilating sun-arrows3-- --,a sun itself1 and an inexorable sun-will1 ready for annihilation in victory6 ,o ,will1 thou change of every need1 ,,my needfulness6 ,spare me for one great victory6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,lvii4 ,,the ,,convalescent4 #a4 ,one morning1 not long after his return to his cave1 ,zarathustra sprang up from his couch like a madman1 crying with a frightful voice1 and acting as if some one still lay on the couch who did not wish to rise4 ,zarathustra's voice also resounded in such a manner that his animals came to him frightened1 and out of all the neighbouring caves and lurking-places all the creatures slipped away--flying1 fluttering1 creeping or leaping1 according to their variety of foot or wing4 ,zarathustra1 however1 spake these words3 ,up1 abysmal thought out of my depth6 ,i am thy cock and morning dawn1 thou overslept reptile3 ,up6 ,up6 ,my voice shall soon crow thee awake6 ,unbind the fetters of thine ears3 listen6 ,for ,i wish to hear thee6 ,up6 ,up6 ,there is thunder enough to make the very graves listen6 ,and rub the sleep and all the dimness and blindness out of thine eyes6 ,hear me also with thine eyes3 my voice is a medicine even for those born blind4 ,and once thou art awake1 then shalt thou ever remain awake4 ,it is not ,,my custom to awake great-grandmothers out of their sleep that ,i may bid them--sleep on6 ,thou stirrest1 stretchest thyself1 wheezest8 ,up6 ,up6 ,not wheeze1 shalt thou1--but speak unto me6 ,zarathustra calleth thee1 ,zarathustra the godless6 ,i1 ,zarathustra1 the advocate of living1 the advocate of suffering1 the advocate of the circuit--thee do ,i call1 my most abysmal thought6 ,joy to me6 ,thou comest1--,i hear thee6 ,mine abyss ,,speaketh1 my lowest depth have ,i turned over into the light6 ,joy to me6 ,come hither6 ,give me thy hand--ha6 let be6 aha6--,disgust1 disgust1 disgust--alas to me6 #b4 ,hardly1 however1 had ,zarathustra spoken these words1 when he fell down as one dead1 and remained long as one dead4 ,when however he again came to himself1 then was he pale and trembling1 and remained lying2 and for long he would neither eat nor drink4 ,this condition continued for seven days2 his animals1 however1 did not leave him day nor night1 except that the eagle flew forth to fetch food4 ,and what it fetched and foraged1 it laid on ,zarathustra's couch3 so that ,zarathustra at last lay among yellow and red berries1 grapes1 rosy apples1 sweet-smelling herbage1 and pine-cones4 ,at his feet1 however1 two lambs were stretched1 which the eagle had with difficulty carried off from their shepherds4 ,at last1 after seven days1 ,zarathustra raised himself upon his couch1 took a rosy apple in his hand1 smelt it and found its smell pleasant4 ,then did his animals think the time had come to speak unto him4 8,o ,zarathustra10 said they1 8now hast thou lain thus for seven days with heavy eyes3 wilt thou not set thyself again upon thy feet8 ,step out of thy cave3 the world waiteth for thee as a garden4 ,the wind playeth with heavy fragrance which seeketh for thee2 and all brooks would like to run after thee4 ,all things long for thee1 since thou hast remained alone for seven days--step forth out of thy cave6 ,all things want to be thy physicians6 ,did perhaps a new knowledge come to thee1 a bitter1 grievous knowledge8 ,like leavened dough layest thou1 thy soul arose and swelled beyond all its bounds4--0 --,o mine animals1 answered ,zarathustra1 talk on thus and let me listen6 ,it refresheth me so to hear your talk3 where there is talk1 there is the world as a garden unto me4 ,how charming it is that there are words and tones2 are not words and tones rainbows and seeming bridges #8twixt the eternally separated8 ,to each soul belongeth another world2 to each soul is every other soul a back-world4 ,among the most alike doth semblance deceive most delightfully3 for the smallest gap is most difficult to bridge over4 ,for me--how could there be an outside-of-me8 ,there is no outside6 ,but this we forget on hearing tones2 how delightful it is that we forget6 ,have not names and tones been given unto things that man may refresh himself with them8 ,it is a beautiful folly1 speaking2 therewith danceth man over everything4 ,how lovely is all speech and all falsehoods of tones6 ,with tones danceth our love on variegated rainbows4-- --8,o ,zarathustra10 said then his animals1 8to those who think like us1 things all dance themselves3 they come and hold out the hand and laugh and flee--and return4 ,everything goeth1 everything returneth2 eternally rolleth the wheel of existence4 ,everything dieth1 everything blossometh forth again2 eternally runneth on the year of existence4 ,everything breaketh1 everything is integrated anew2 eternally buildeth itself the same house of existence4 ,all things separate1 all things again greet one another2 eternally true to itself remaineth the ring of existence4 ,every moment beginneth existence1 around every #8,here' rolleth the ball #8,there4' ,the middle is everywhere4 ,crooked is the path of eternity40-- --,o ye wags and barrel-organs6 answered ,zarathustra1 and smiled once more1 how well do ye know what had to be fulfilled in seven days3-- --,and how that monster crept into my throat and choked me6 ,but ,i bit off its head and spat it away from me4 ,and ye--ye have made a lyre-lay out of it8 ,now1 however1 do ,i lie here1 still exhausted with that biting and spitting-away1 still sick with mine own salvation4 ,,and ,,ye ,,looked ,,on ,,at ,,it ,,all8 ,o mine animals1 are ye also cruel8 ,did ye like to look at my great pain as men do8 ,for man is the cruellest animal4 ,at tragedies1 bull-fights1 and crucifixions hath he hitherto been happiest on earth2 and when he invented his hell1 behold1 that was his heaven on earth4 ,when the great man crieth--3 immediately runneth the little man thither1 and his tongue hangeth out of his mouth for very lusting4 ,he1 however1 calleth it his 8pity40 ,the little man1 especially the poet--how passionately doth he accuse life in words6 ,hearken to him1 but do not fail to hear the delight which is in all accusation6 ,such accusers of life--them life overcometh with a glance of the eye4 8,thou lovest me80 saith the insolent one2 8wait a little1 as yet have ,i no time for thee40 ,towards himself man is the cruellest animal2 and in all who call themselves 8sinners0 and 8bearers of the cross0 and 8penitents10 do not overlook the voluptuousness in their plaints and accusations6 ,and ,i myself--do ,i thereby want to be man's accuser8 ,ah1 mine animals1 this only have ,i learned hitherto1 that for man his baddest is necessary for his best1-- --,that all that is baddest is the best ,,power1 and the hardest stone for the highest creator2 and that man must become better ,,and badder3-- ,not to ,,this torture-stake was ,i tied1 that ,i know man is bad1--but ,i cried1 as no one hath yet cried3 8,ah1 that his baddest is so very small6 ,ah1 that his best is so very small60 ,the great disgust at man--,,it strangled me and had crept into my throat3 and what the soothsayer had presaged3 8,all is alike1 nothing is worth while1 knowledge strangleth40 ,a long twilight limped on before me1 a fatally weary1 fatally intoxicated sadness1 which spake with yawning mouth4 8,eternally he returneth1 the man of whom thou art weary1 the small man0--so yawned my sadness1 and dragged its foot and could not go to sleep4 ,a cavern1 became the human earth to me2 its breast caved in2 everything living became to me human dust and bones and mouldering past4 ,my sighing sat on all human graves1 and could no longer arise3 my sighing and questioning croaked and choked1 and gnawed and nagged day and night3 --8,ah1 man returneth eternally6 ,the small man returneth eternally60 ,naked had ,i once seen both of them1 the greatest man and the smallest man3 all too like one another--all too human1 even the greatest man6 ,all too small1 even the greatest man6--that was my disgust at man6 ,and the eternal return also of the smallest man6--that was my disgust at all existence6 ,ah1 ,disgust6 ,disgust6 ,disgust6--,thus spake ,zarathustra1 and sighed and shuddered2 for he remembered his sickness4 ,then did his animals prevent him from speaking further4 8,do not speak further1 thou convalescent60--so answered his animals1 8but go out where the world waiteth for thee like a garden4 ,go out unto the roses1 the bees1 and the flocks of doves6 ,especially1 however1 unto the singing birds1 to learn ,,singing from them6 ,for singing is for the convalescent2 the sound ones may talk4 ,and when the sound also want songs1 then want they other songs than the convalescent40 --8,o ye wags and barrel-organs1 do be silent60 answered ,zarathustra1 and smiled at his animals4 8,how well ye know what consolation ,i devised for myself in seven days6 ,that ,i have to sing once more--,,that consolation did ,i devise for myself1 and ,,this convalescence3 would ye also make another lyre-lay thereof80 --8,do not talk further10 answered his animals once more2 8rather1 thou convalescent1 prepare for thyself first a lyre1 a new lyre6 ,for behold1 ,o ,zarathustra6 ,for thy new lays there are needed new lyres4 ,sing and bubble over1 ,o ,zarathustra1 heal thy soul with new lays3 that thou mayest bear thy great fate1 which hath not yet been any one's fate6 ,for thine animals know it well1 ,o ,zarathustra1 who thou art and must become3 behold1 ,,thou ,,art ,,the ,,teacher ,,of ,,the ,,eternal ,,return1--that is now ,,thy fate6 ,that thou must be the first to teach this teaching--how could this great fate not be thy greatest danger and infirmity6 ,behold1 we know what thou teachest3 that all things eternally return1 and ourselves with them1 and that we have already existed times without number1 and all things with us4 ,thou teachest that there is a great year of ,becoming1 a prodigy of a great year2 it must1 like a sand-glass1 ever turn up anew1 that it may anew run down and run out3-- --,so that all those years are like one another in the greatest and also in the smallest1 so that we ourselves1 in every great year1 are like ourselves in the greatest and also in the smallest4 ,and if thou wouldst now die1 ,o ,zarathustra1 behold1 we know also how thou wouldst then speak to thyself3--but thine animals beseech thee not to die yet6 ,thou wouldst speak1 and without trembling1 buoyant rather with bliss1 for a great weight and worry would be taken from thee1 thou patientest one6-- #8,now do ,i die and disappear1' wouldst thou say1 #8and in a moment ,i am nothing4 ,souls are as mortal as bodies4 ,but the plexus of causes returneth in which ,i am intertwined1--it will again create me6 ,i myself pertain to the causes of the eternal return4 ,i come again with this sun1 with this earth1 with this eagle1 with this serpent--,,not to a new life1 or a better life1 or a similar life3 --,i come again eternally to this identical and selfsame life1 in its greatest and its smallest1 to teach again the eternal return of all things1-- --,to speak again the word of the great noontide of earth and man1 to announce again to man the ,superman4 ,i have spoken my word4 ,i break down by my word3 so willeth mine eternal fate--as announcer do ,i succumb6 ,the hour hath now come for the down-goer to bless himself4 ,thus--,,endeth ,zarathustra's down-going4'0-- ,when the animals had spoken these words they were silent and waited1 so that ,zarathustra might say something to them3 but ,zarathustra did not hear that they were silent4 ,on the contrary1 he lay quietly with closed eyes like a person sleeping1 although he did not sleep2 for he communed just then with his soul4 ,the serpent1 however1 and the eagle1 when they found him silent in such wise1 respected the great stillness around him1 and prudently retired4 ,,lviii4 ,,the ,,great ,,longing4 ,o my soul1 ,i have taught thee to say 8to-day0 as 8once on a time0 and 8formerly10 and to dance thy measure over every ,here and ,there and ,yonder4 ,o my soul1 ,i delivered thee from all by-places1 ,i brushed down from thee dust and spiders and twilight4 ,o my soul1 ,i washed the petty shame and the by-place virtue from thee1 and persuaded thee to stand naked before the eyes of the sun4 ,with the storm that is called 8spirit0 did ,i blow over thy surging sea2 all clouds did ,i blow away from it2 ,i strangled even the strangler called 8sin40 ,o my soul1 ,i gave thee the right to say ,nay like the storm1 and to say ,yea as the open heaven saith ,yea3 calm as the light remainest thou1 and now walkest through denying storms4 ,o my soul1 ,i restored to thee liberty over the created and the uncreated2 and who knoweth1 as thou knowest1 the voluptuousness of the future8 ,o my soul1 ,i taught thee the contempt which doth not come like worm-eating1 the great1 the loving contempt1 which loveth most where it contemneth most4 ,o my soul1 ,i taught thee so to persuade that thou persuadest even the grounds themselves to thee3 like the sun1 which persuadeth even the sea to its height4 ,o my soul1 ,i have taken from thee all obeying and knee-bending and homage-paying2 ,i have myself given thee the names1 8,change of need0 and 8,fate40 ,o my soul1 ,i have given thee new names and gay-coloured playthings1 ,i have called thee 8,fate0 and 8the ,circuit of circuits0 and 8the ,navel-string of time0 and 8the ,azure bell40 ,o my soul1 to thy domain gave ,i all wisdom to drink1 all new wines1 and also all immemorially old strong wines of wisdom4 ,o my soul1 every sun shed ,i upon thee1 and every night and every silence and every longing3--then grewest thou up for me as a vine4 ,o my soul1 exuberant and heavy dost thou now stand forth1 a vine with swelling udders and full clusters of brown golden grapes3-- --,filled and weighted by thy happiness1 waiting from superabundance1 and yet ashamed of thy waiting4 ,o my soul1 there is nowhere a soul which could be more loving and more comprehensive and more extensive6 ,where could future and past be closer together than with thee8 ,o my soul1 ,i have given thee everything1 and all my hands have become empty by thee3--and now6 ,now sayest thou to me1 smiling and full of melancholy3 8,which of us oweth thanks8-- --,doth the giver not owe thanks because the receiver received8 ,is bestowing not a necessity8 ,is receiving not--pitying80-- ,o my soul1 ,i understand the smiling of thy melancholy3 thine over-abundance itself now stretcheth out longing hands6 ,thy fulness looketh forth over raging seas1 and seeketh and waiteth3 the longing of over-fulness looketh forth from the smiling heaven of thine eyes6 ,and verily1 ,o my soul6 ,who could see thy smiling and not melt into tears8 ,the angels themselves melt into tears through the over-graciousness of thy smiling4 ,thy graciousness and over-graciousness1 is it which will not complain and weep3 and yet1 ,o my soul1 longeth thy smiling for tears1 and thy trembling mouth for sobs4 8,is not all weeping complaining8 ,and all complaining1 accusing80 ,thus speakest thou to thyself2 and therefore1 ,o my soul1 wilt thou rather smile than pour forth thy grief-- --,than in gushing tears pour forth all thy grief concerning thy fulness1 and concerning the craving of the vine for the vintager and vintage-knife6 ,but wilt thou not weep1 wilt thou not weep forth thy purple melancholy1 then wilt thou have to ,,sing1 ,o my soul6--,behold1 ,i smile myself1 who foretell thee this3 --,thou wilt have to sing with passionate song1 until all seas turn calm to hearken unto thy longing1-- --,until over calm longing seas the bark glideth1 the golden marvel1 around the gold of which all good1 bad1 and marvellous things frisk3-- --,also many large and small animals1 and everything that hath light marvellous feet1 so that it can run on violet-blue paths1-- --,towards the golden marvel1 the spontaneous bark1 and its master3 he1 however1 is the vintager who waiteth with the diamond vintage-knife1-- --,thy great deliverer1 ,o my soul1 the nameless one--for whom future songs only will find names6 ,and verily1 already hath thy breath the fragrance of future songs1-- --,already glowest thou and dreamest1 already drinkest thou thirstily at all deep echoing wells of consolation1 already reposeth thy melancholy in the bliss of future songs6-- ,o my soul1 now have ,i given thee all1 and even my last possession1 and all my hands have become empty by thee3--,,that ,i ,,bade ,,thee ,,sing1 behold1 that was my last thing to give6 ,that ,i bade thee sing1--say now1 say3 ,,which of us now--oweth thanks8-- ,better still1 however3 sing unto me1 sing1 ,o my soul6 ,and let me thank thee6-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,lix4 ,,the ,,second ,,dance-,,song4 #a4 8,into thine eyes gazed ,i lately1 ,o ,life3 gold saw ,i gleam in thy night-eyes1--my heart stood still with delight3 --,a golden bark saw ,i gleam on darkened waters1 a sinking1 drinking1 reblinking1 golden swing-bark6 ,at my dance-frantic foot1 dost thou cast a glance1 a laughing1 questioning1 melting1 thrown glance3 ,twice only movedst thou thy rattle with thy little hands--then did my feet swing with dance-fury4-- ,my heels reared aloft1 my toes they hearkened1--thee they would know3 hath not the dancer his ear--in his toe6 ,unto thee did ,i spring3 then fledst thou back from my bound2 and towards me waved thy fleeing1 flying tresses round6 ,away from thee did ,i spring1 and from thy snaky tresses3 then stoodst thou there half-turned1 and in thine eye caresses4 ,with crooked glances--dost thou teach me crooked courses2 on crooked courses learn my feet--crafty fancies6 ,i fear thee near1 ,i love thee far2 thy flight allureth me1 thy seeking secureth me3--,i suffer1 but for thee1 what would ,i not gladly bear6 ,for thee1 whose coldness inflameth1 whose hatred misleadeth1 whose flight enchaineth1 whose mockery--pleadeth3 --,who would not hate thee1 thou great bindress1 inwindress1 temptress1 seekress1 findress6 ,who would not love thee1 thou innocent1 impatient1 wind-swift1 child-eyed sinner6 ,whither pullest thou me now1 thou paragon and tomboy8 ,and now foolest thou me fleeing2 thou sweet romp dost annoy6 ,i dance after thee1 ,i follow even faint traces lonely4 ,where art thou8 ,give me thy hand6 ,or thy finger only6 ,here are caves and thickets3 we shall go astray6--,halt6 ,stand still6 ,seest thou not owls and bats in fluttering fray8 ,thou bat6 ,thou owl6 ,thou wouldst play me foul8 ,where are we8 ,from the dogs hast thou learned thus to bark and howl4 ,thou gnashest on me sweetly with little white teeth2 thine evil eyes shoot out upon me1 thy curly little mane from underneath6 ,this is a dance over stock and stone3 ,i am the hunter1--wilt thou be my hound1 or my chamois anon8 ,now beside me6 ,and quickly1 wickedly springing6 ,now up6 ,and over6--,alas6 ,i have fallen myself overswinging6 ,oh1 see me lying1 thou arrogant one1 and imploring grace6 ,gladly would ,i walk with thee--in some lovelier place6 --,in the paths of love1 through bushes variegated1 quiet1 trim6 ,or there along the lake1 where gold-fishes dance and swim6 ,thou art now aweary8 ,there above are sheep and sun-set stripes3 is it not sweet to sleep--the shepherd pipes8 ,thou art so very weary8 ,i carry thee thither2 let just thine arm sink6 ,and art thou thirsty--,i should have something2 but thy mouth would not like it to drink6-- --,oh1 that cursed1 nimble1 supple serpent and lurking-witch6 ,where art thou gone8 ,but in my face do ,i feel through thy hand1 two spots and red blotches itch6 ,i am verily weary of it1 ever thy sheepish shepherd to be4 ,thou witch1 if ,i have hitherto sung unto thee1 now shalt ,,thou--cry unto me6 ,to the rhythm of my whip shalt thou dance and cry6 ,i forget not my whip8--,not ,i60-- #b4 ,then did ,life answer me thus1 and kept thereby her fine ears closed3 8,o ,zarathustra6 ,crack not so terribly with thy whip6 ,thou knowest surely that noise killeth thought1--and just now there came to me such delicate thoughts4 ,we are both of us genuine ne'er-do-wells and ne'er-do-ills4 ,beyond good and evil found we our island and our green meadow--we two alone6 ,therefore must we be friendly to each other6 ,and even should we not love each other from the bottom of our hearts1--must we then have a grudge against each other if we do not love each other perfectly8 ,and that ,i am friendly to thee1 and often too friendly1 that knowest thou3 and the reason is that ,i am envious of thy ,wisdom4 ,ah1 this mad old fool1 ,wisdom6 ,if thy ,wisdom should one day run away from thee1 ah6 then would also my love run away from thee quickly40-- ,thereupon did ,life look thoughtfully behind and around1 and said softly3 8,o ,zarathustra1 thou art not faithful enough to me6 ,thou lovest me not nearly so much as thou sayest2 ,i know thou thinkest of soon leaving me4 ,there is an old heavy1 heavy1 booming-clock3 it boometh by night up to thy cave3-- --,when thou hearest this clock strike the hours at midnight1 then thinkest thou between one and twelve thereon-- --,thou thinkest thereon1 ,o ,zarathustra1 ,i know it--of soon leaving me60-- 8,yea10 answered ,i1 hesitatingly1 8but thou knowest it also0--,and ,i said something into her ear1 in amongst her confused1 yellow1 foolish tresses4 8,thou ,,knowest that1 ,o ,zarathustra8 ,that knoweth no one--0 ,and we gazed at each other1 and looked at the green meadow o'er which the cool evening was just passing1 and we wept together4--,then1 however1 was ,life dearer unto me than all my ,wisdom had ever been4-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 #c4 ,one6 ,o man6 ,take heed6 ,two6 ,what saith deep midnight's voice indeed8 ,three6 8,i slept my sleep-- ,four6 8,from deepest dream ,i've woke and plead3-- ,five6 8,the world is deep1 ,six6 8,and deeper than the day could read4 ,seven6 8,deep is its woe-- ,eight6 8,joy--deeper still than grief can be3 ,nine6 8,woe saith3 ,hence6 ,go6 ,ten6 8,but joys all want eternity-- ,eleven6 8,want deep profound eternity60 ,twelve6 ,,lx4 ,,the ,,seven ,,seals4 7,,or ,,the ,,ye-,a ,,and ,,amen ,,lay47 #a4 ,if ,i be a diviner and full of the divining spirit which wandereth on high mountain-ridges1 #8twixt two seas1-- ,wandereth #8twixt the past and the future as a heavy cloud--hostile to sultry plains1 and to all that is weary and can neither die nor live3 ,ready for lightning in its dark bosom1 and for the redeeming flash of light1 charged with lightnings which say ,yea6 which laugh ,yea6 ready for divining flashes of lightning3-- --,blessed1 however1 is he who is thus charged6 ,and verily1 long must he hang like a heavy tempest on the mountain1 who shall one day kindle the light of the future6-- ,oh1 how could ,i not be ardent for ,eternity and for the marriage-ring of rings--the ring of the return8 ,never yet have ,i found the woman by whom ,i should like to have children1 unless it be this woman whom ,i love3 for ,i love thee1 ,o ,eternity6 ,,for ,i ,,love ,,thee1 ,o ,,eternity6 #b4 ,if ever my wrath hath burst graves1 shifted landmarks1 or rolled old shattered tables into precipitous depths3 ,if ever my scorn hath scattered mouldered words to the winds1 and if ,i have come like a besom to cross-spiders1 and as a cleansing wind to old charnel-houses3 ,if ever ,i have sat rejoicing where old ,gods lie buried1 world-blessing1 world-loving1 beside the monuments of old world-maligners3-- --,for even churches and ,gods'-graves do ,i love1 if only heaven looketh through their ruined roofs with pure eyes2 gladly do ,i sit like grass and red poppies on ruined churches-- ,oh1 how could ,i not be ardent for ,eternity1 and for the marriage-ring of rings--the ring of the return8 ,never yet have ,i found the woman by whom ,i should like to have children1 unless it be this woman whom ,i love3 for ,i love thee1 ,o ,eternity6 ,,for ,i ,,love ,,thee1 ,o ,,eternity6 #c4 ,if ever a breath hath come to me of the creative breath1 and of the heavenly necessity which compelleth even chances to dance star-dances3 ,if ever ,i have laughed with the laughter of the creative lightning1 to which the long thunder of the deed followeth1 grumblingly1 but obediently3 ,if ever ,i have played dice with the ,gods at the divine table of the earth1 so that the earth quaked and ruptured1 and snorted forth fire-streams3-- --,for a divine table is the earth1 and trembling with new creative dictums and dice-casts of the ,gods3 ,oh1 how could ,i not be ardent for ,eternity1 and for the marriage-ring of rings--the ring of the return8 ,never yet have ,i found the woman by whom ,i should like to have children1 unless it be this woman whom ,i love3 for ,i love thee1 ,o ,eternity6 ,,for ,i ,,love ,,thee1 ,o ,,eternity6 #d4 ,if ever ,i have drunk a full draught of the foaming spice- and confection-bowl in which all things are well mixed3 ,if ever my hand hath mingled the furthest with the nearest1 fire with spirit1 joy with sorrow1 and the harshest with the kindest3 ,if ,i myself am a grain of the saving salt which maketh everything in the confection-bowl mix well3-- --,for there is a salt which uniteth good with evil2 and even the evilest is worthy1 as spicing and as final over-foaming3-- ,oh1 how could ,i not be ardent for ,eternity1 and for the marriage-ring of rings--the ring of the return8 ,never yet have ,i found the woman by whom ,i should like to have children1 unless it be this woman whom ,i love3 for ,i love thee1 ,o ,eternity6 ,,for ,i ,,love ,,thee1 ,o ,,eternity6 #e4 ,if ,i be fond of the sea1 and all that is sealike1 and fondest of it when it angrily contradicteth me3 ,if the exploring delight be in me1 which impelleth sails to the undiscovered1 if the seafarer's delight be in my delight3 ,if ever my rejoicing hath called out3 8,the shore hath vanished1--now hath fallen from me the last chain-- ,the boundless roareth around me1 far away sparkle for me space and time1--well6 cheer up6 old heart60-- ,oh1 how could ,i not be ardent for ,eternity1 and for the marriage-ring of rings--the ring of the return8 ,never yet have ,i found the woman by whom ,i should like to have children1 unless it be this woman whom ,i love3 for ,i love thee1 ,o ,eternity6 ,,for ,i ,,love ,,thee1 ,o ,,eternity6 #f4 ,if my virtue be a dancer's virtue1 and if ,i have often sprung with both feet into golden-emerald rapture3 ,if my wickedness be a laughing wickedness1 at home among rose-banks and hedges of lilies3 --,for in laughter is all evil present1 but it is sanctified and absolved by its own bliss3-- ,and if it be my ,alpha and ,omega that everything heavy shall become light1 every body a dancer1 and every spirit a bird3 and verily1 that is my ,alpha and ,omega6-- ,oh1 how could ,i not be ardent for ,eternity1 and for the marriage-ring of rings--the ring of the return8 ,never yet have ,i found the woman by whom ,i should like to have children1 unless it be this woman whom ,i love3 for ,i love thee1 ,o ,eternity6 ,,for ,i ,,love ,,thee1 ,o ,,eternity6 #g4 ,if ever ,i have spread out a tranquil heaven above me1 and have flown into mine own heaven with mine own pinions3 ,if ,i have swum playfully in profound luminous distances1 and if my freedom's avian wisdom hath come to me3-- --,thus however speaketh avian wisdom3--8,lo1 there is no above and no below6 ,throw thyself about1--outward1 backward1 thou light one6 ,sing6 speak no more6 --,are not all words made for the heavy8 ,do not all words lie to the light ones8 ,sing6 speak no more60-- ,oh1 how could ,i not be ardent for ,eternity1 and for the marriage-ring of rings--the ring of the return8 ,never yet have ,i found the woman by whom ,i should like to have children1 unless it be this woman whom ,i love3 for ,i love thee1 ,o ,eternity6 ,,for ,i ,,love ,,thee1 ,o ,,eternity6 ,,fourth ,,and ,,last ,,part4 ,ah1 where in the world have there been greater follies than with the pitiful8 ,and what in the world hath caused more suffering than the follies of the pitiful8 ,woe unto all loving ones who have not an elevation which is above their pity6 ,thus spake the devil unto me1 once on a time3 8,even ,god hath his hell3 it is his love for man40 ,and lately did ,i hear him say these words3 8,god is dead3 of his pity for man hath ,god died40--,,zarathustra1 ,,ii41 8,the ,pitiful40 ,,lxi4 ,,the ,,honey ,,sacrifice4 --,and again passed moons and years over ,zarathustra's soul1 and he heeded it not2 his hair1 however1 became white4 ,one day when he sat on a stone in front of his cave1 and gazed calmly into the distance--one there gazeth out on the sea1 and away beyond sinuous abysses1--then went his animals thoughtfully round about him1 and at last set themselves in front of him4 8,o ,zarathustra10 said they1 8gazest thou out perhaps for thy happiness80--8,of what account is my happiness60 answered he1 8,i have long ceased to strive any more for happiness1 ,i strive for my work40--8,o ,zarathustra10 said the animals once more1 8that sayest thou as one who hath overmuch of good things4 ,liest thou not in a sky-blue lake of happiness80--8,ye wags10 answered ,zarathustra1 and smiled1 8how well did ye choose the simile6 ,but ye know also that my happiness is heavy1 and not like a fluid wave of water3 it presseth me and will not leave me1 and is like molten pitch40-- ,then went his animals again thoughtfully around him1 and placed themselves once more in front of him4 8,o ,zarathustra10 said they1 8it is consequently ,,for ,,that ,,reason that thou thyself always becometh yellower and darker1 although thy hair looketh white and flaxen8 ,lo1 thou sittest in thy pitch60--8,what do ye say1 mine animals80 said ,zarathustra1 laughing2 8verily ,i reviled when ,i spake of pitch4 ,as it happeneth with me1 so is it with all fruits that turn ripe4 ,it is the ,,honey in my veins that maketh my blood thicker1 and also my soul stiller40--8,so will it be1 ,o ,zarathustra10 answered his animals1 and pressed up to him2 8but wilt thou not to-day ascend a high mountain8 ,the air is pure1 and to-day one seeth more of the world than ever40--8,yea1 mine animals10 answered he1 8ye counsel admirably and according to my heart3 ,i will to-day ascend a high mountain6 ,but see that honey is there ready to hand1 yellow1 white1 good1 ice-cool1 golden-comb-honey4 ,for know that when aloft ,i will make the honey sacrifice40-- ,when ,zarathustra1 however1 was aloft on the summit1 he sent his animals home that had accompanied him1 and found that he was now alone3--then he laughed from the bottom of his heart1 looked around him1 and spake thus3 ,that ,i spake of sacrifices and honey-sacrifices1 it was merely a ruse in talking and verily1 a useful folly6 ,here aloft can ,i now speak freer than in front of mountain-caves and anchorites' domestic animals4 ,what to sacrifice6 ,i squander what is given me1 a squanderer with a thousand hands3 how could ,i call that--sacrificing8 ,and when ,i desired honey ,i only desired bait1 and sweet mucus and mucilage1 for which even the mouths of growling bears1 and strange1 sulky1 evil birds1 water3 --,the best bait1 as huntsmen and fishermen require it4 ,for if the world be as a gloomy forest of animals1 and a pleasure-ground for all wild huntsmen1 it seemeth to me rather--and preferably--a fathomless1 rich sea2 --,a sea full of many-hued fishes and crabs1 for which even the ,gods might long1 and might be tempted to become fishers in it1 and casters of nets1--so rich is the world in wonderful things1 great and small6 ,especially the human world1 the human sea3--towards ,,it do ,i now throw out my golden angle-rod and say3 ,open up1 thou human abyss6 ,open up1 and throw unto me thy fish and shining crabs6 ,with my best bait shall ,i allure to myself to-day the strangest human fish6 --,my happiness itself do ,i throw out into all places far and wide #8twixt orient1 noontide1 and occident1 to see if many human fish will not learn to hug and tug at my happiness2-- ,until1 biting at my sharp hidden hooks1 they have to come up unto ,,my height1 the motleyest abyss-groundlings1 to the wickedest of all fishers of men4 ,for ,,this am ,i from the heart and from the beginning--drawing1 hither-drawing1 upward-drawing1 upbringing2 a drawer1 a trainer1 a training-master1 who not in vain counselled himself once on a time3 8,become what thou art60 ,thus may men now come ,,up to me2 for as yet do ,i await the signs that it is time for my down-going2 as yet do ,i not myself go down1 as ,i must do1 amongst men4 ,therefore do ,i here wait1 crafty and scornful upon high mountains1 no impatient one1 no patient one2 rather one who hath even unlearnt patience1--because he no longer 8suffereth40 ,for my fate giveth me time3 it hath forgotten me perhaps8 ,or doth it sit behind a big stone and catch flies8 ,and verily1 ,i am well disposed to mine eternal fate1 because it doth not hound and hurry me1 but leaveth me time for merriment and mischief2 so that ,i have to-day ascended this high mountain to catch fish4 ,did ever any one catch fish upon high mountains8 ,and though it be a folly what ,i here seek and do1 it is better so than that down below ,i should become solemn with waiting1 and green and yellow-- --,a posturing wrath-snorter with waiting1 a holy howl-storm from the mountains1 an impatient one that shouteth down into the valleys3 8,hearken1 else ,i will scourge you with the scourge of ,god60 ,not that ,i would have a grudge against such wrathful ones on that account3 they are well enough for laughter to me6 ,impatient must they now be1 those big alarm-drums1 which find a voice now or never6 ,myself1 however1 and my fate--we do not talk to the ,present1 neither do we talk to the ,never3 for talking we have patience and time and more than time4 ,for one day must it yet come1 and may not pass by4 ,what must one day come and may not pass by8 ,our great ,hazar1 that is to say1 our great1 remote human-kingdom1 the ,zarathustra-kingdom of a thousand years-- ,how remote may such 8remoteness0 be8 ,what doth it concern me8 ,but on that account it is none the less sure unto me--1 with both feet stand ,i secure on this ground2 --,on an eternal ground1 on hard primary rock1 on this highest1 hardest1 primary mountain-ridge1 unto which all winds come1 as unto the storm-parting1 asking ,where8 and ,whence8 and ,whither8 ,here laugh1 laugh1 my hearty1 healthy wickedness6 ,from high mountains cast down thy glittering scorn-laughter6 ,allure for me with thy glittering the finest human fish6 ,and whatever belongeth unto ,,me in all seas1 my in-and-for-me in all things--fish ,,that out for me1 bring ,,that up to me3 for that do ,i wait1 the wickedest of all fish-catchers4 ,out6 out6 my fishing-hook6 ,in and down1 thou bait of my happiness6 ,drip thy sweetest dew1 thou honey of my heart6 ,bite1 my fishing-hook1 into the belly of all black affliction6 ,look out1 look out1 mine eye6 ,oh1 how many seas round about me1 what dawning human futures6 ,and above me--what rosy red stillness6 ,what unclouded silence6 ,,lxii4 ,,the ,,cry ,,of ,,distress4 ,the next day sat ,zarathustra again on the stone in front of his cave1 whilst his animals roved about in the world outside to bring home new food1--also new honey3 for ,zarathustra had spent and wasted the old honey to the very last particle4 ,when he thus sat1 however1 with a stick in his hand1 tracing the shadow of his figure on the earth1 and reflecting--verily6 not upon himself and his shadow1--all at once he startled and shrank back3 for he saw another shadow beside his own4 ,and when he hastily looked around and stood up1 behold1 there stood the soothsayer beside him1 the same whom he had once given to eat and drink at his table1 the proclaimer of the great weariness1 who taught3 8,all is alike1 nothing is worth while1 the world is without meaning1 knowledge strangleth40 ,but his face had changed since then2 and when ,zarathustra looked into his eyes1 his heart was startled once more3 so much evil announcement and ashy-grey lightnings passed over that countenance4 ,the soothsayer1 who had perceived what went on in ,zarathustra's soul1 wiped his face with his hand1 as if he would wipe out the impression2 the same did also ,zarathustra4 ,and when both of them had thus silently composed and strengthened themselves1 they gave each other the hand1 as a token that they wanted once more to recognise each other4 8,welcome hither10 said ,zarathustra1 8thou soothsayer of the great weariness1 not in vain shalt thou once have been my messmate and guest4 ,eat and drink also with me to-day1 and forgive it that a cheerful old man sitteth with thee at table60--8,a cheerful old man80 answered the soothsayer1 shaking his head1 8but whoever thou art1 or wouldst be1 ,o ,zarathustra1 thou hast been here aloft the longest time1--in a little while thy bark shall no longer rest on dry land60--8,do ,i then rest on dry land80--asked ,zarathustra1 laughing4--8,the waves around thy mountain10 answered the soothsayer1 8rise and rise1 the waves of great distress and affliction3 they will soon raise thy bark also and carry thee away40--,thereupon was ,zarathustra silent and wondered4--8,dost thou still hear nothing80 continued the soothsayer3 8doth it not rush and roar out of the depth80--,zarathustra was silent once more and listened3 then heard he a long1 long cry1 which the abysses threw to one another and passed on2 for none of them wished to retain it3 so evil did it sound4 8,thou ill announcer10 said ,zarathustra at last1 8that is a cry of distress1 and the cry of a man2 it may come perhaps out of a black sea4 ,but what doth human distress matter to me6 ,my last sin which hath been reserved for me1--knowest thou what it is called80 --8,,pity60 answered the soothsayer from an overflowing heart1 and raised both his hands aloft--8,o ,zarathustra1 ,i have come that ,i may seduce thee to thy last sin60-- ,and hardly had those words been uttered when there sounded the cry once more1 and longer and more alarming than before--also much nearer4 8,hearest thou8 ,hearest thou1 ,o ,zarathustra80 called out the soothsayer1 8the cry concerneth thee1 it calleth thee3 ,come1 come1 come2 it is time1 it is the highest time60-- ,zarathustra was silent thereupon1 confused and staggered2 at last he asked1 like one who hesitateth in himself3 8,and who is it that there calleth me80 8,but thou knowest it1 certainly10 answered the soothsayer warmly1 8why dost thou conceal thyself8 ,it is ,,the ,,higher ,,man that crieth for thee60 8,the higher man80 cried ,zarathustra1 horror-stricken3 8what wanteth ,,he8 ,what wanteth ,,he8 ,the higher man6 ,what wanteth he here80--and his skin covered with perspiration4 ,the soothsayer1 however1 did not heed ,zarathustra's alarm1 but listened and listened in the downward direction4 ,when1 however1 it had been still there for a long while1 he looked behind1 and saw ,zarathustra standing trembling4 8,o ,zarathustra10 he began1 with sorrowful voice1 8thou dost not stand there like one whose happiness maketh him giddy3 thou wilt have to dance lest thou tumble down6 ,but although thou shouldst dance before me1 and leap all thy side-leaps1 no one may say unto me3 #8,behold1 here danceth the last joyous man6' ,in vain would any one come to this height who sought ,,him here3 caves would he find1 indeed1 and back-caves1 hiding-places for hidden ones2 but not lucky mines1 nor treasure-chambers1 nor new gold-veins of happiness4 ,happiness--how indeed could one find happiness among such buried-alive and solitary ones6 ,must ,i yet seek the last happiness on the ,happy ,isles1 and far away among forgotten seas8 ,but all is alike1 nothing is worth while1 no seeking is of service1 there are no longer any ,happy ,isles60-- ,thus sighed the soothsayer2 with his last sigh1 however1 ,zarathustra again became serene and assured1 like one who hath come out of a deep chasm into the light4 8,nay6 ,nay6 ,three times ,nay60 exclaimed he with a strong voice1 and stroked his beard--8,,that do ,i know better6 ,there are still ,happy ,isles6 ,silence ,,thereon1 thou sighing sorrow-sack6 ,cease to splash ,,thereon1 thou rain-cloud of the forenoon6 ,do ,i not already stand here wet with thy misery1 and drenched like a dog8 ,now do ,i shake myself and run away from thee1 that ,i may again become dry3 thereat mayest thou not wonder6 ,do ,i seem to thee discourteous8 ,here however is ,,my court4 ,but as regards the higher man3 well6 ,i shall seek him at once in those forests3 ,,from ,,thence came his cry4 ,perhaps he is there hard beset by an evil beast4 ,he is in ,,my domain3 therein shall he receive no scath6 ,and verily1 there are many evil beasts about me40-- ,with those words ,zarathustra turned around to depart4 ,then said the soothsayer3 8,o ,zarathustra1 thou art a rogue6 ,i know it well3 thou wouldst fain be rid of me6 ,rather wouldst thou run into the forest and lay snares for evil beasts6 ,but what good-will it do thee8 ,in the evening wilt thou have me again3 in thine own cave will ,i sit1 patient and heavy like a block--and wait for thee60 8,so be it60 shouted back ,zarathustra1 as he went away3 8and what is mine in my cave belongeth also unto thee1 my guest6 ,shouldst thou however find honey therein1 well6 just lick it up1 thou growling bear1 and sweeten thy soul6 ,for in the evening we want both to be in good spirits2 --,in good spirits and joyful1 because this day hath come to an end6 ,and thou thyself shalt dance to my lays1 as my dancing-bear4 ,thou dost not believe this8 ,thou shakest thy head8 ,well6 ,cheer up1 old bear6 ,but ,i also--am a soothsayer40 ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,lxiii4 ,,talk ,,with ,,the ,,kings4 #a4 ,ere ,zarathustra had been an hour on his way in the mountains and forests1 he saw all at once a strange procession4 ,right on the path which he was about to descend came two kings walking1 bedecked with crowns and purple girdles1 and variegated like flamingoes3 they drove before them a laden ass4 8,what do these kings want in my domain80 said ,zarathustra in astonishment to his heart1 and hid himself hastily behind a thicket4 ,when however the kings approached to him1 he said half-aloud1 like one speaking only to himself3 8,strange6 ,strange6 ,how doth this harmonise8 ,two kings do ,i see--and only one ass60 ,thereupon the two kings made a halt2 they smiled and looked towards the spot whence the voice proceeded1 and afterwards looked into each other's faces4 8,such things do we also think among ourselves10 said the king on the right1 8but we do not utter them40 ,the king on the left1 however1 shrugged his shoulders and answered3 8,that may perhaps be a goat-herd4 ,or an anchorite who hath lived too long among rocks and trees4 ,for no society at all spoileth also good manners40 8,good manners80 replied angrily and bitterly the other king3 8what then do we run out of the way of8 ,is it not #8good manners'8 ,our #8good society'8 ,better1 verily1 to live among anchorites and goatherds1 than with our gilded1 false1 over-rouged populace--though it call itself #8good society4' --,though it call itself #8nobility4' ,but there all is false and foul1 above all the blood--thanks to old evil diseases and worse curers4 ,the best and dearest to me at present is still a sound peasant1 coarse1 artful1 obstinate and enduring3 that is at present the noblest type4 ,the peasant is at present the best2 and the peasant type should be master6 ,but it is the kingdom of the populace--,i no longer allow anything to be imposed upon me4 ,the populace1 however--that meaneth1 hodgepodge4 ,populace-hodgepodge3 therein is everything mixed with everything1 saint and swindler1 gentleman and ,jew1 and every beast out of ,noah's ark4 ,good manners6 ,everything is false and foul with us4 ,no one knoweth any longer how to reverence3 it is ,,that precisely that we run away from4 ,they are fulsome obtrusive dogs2 they gild palm-leaves4 ,this loathing choketh me1 that we kings ourselves have become false1 draped and disguised with the old faded pomp of our ancestors1 show-pieces for the stupidest1 the craftiest1 and whosoever at present trafficketh for power4 ,we ,,are ,,not the first men--and have nevertheless to ,,stand ,,for them3 of this imposture have we at last become weary and disgusted4 ,from the rabble have we gone out of the way1 from all those bawlers and scribe-blowflies1 from the trader-stench1 the ambition-fidgeting1 the bad breath--3 fie1 to live among the rabble2 --,fie1 to stand for the first men among the rabble6 ,ah1 loathing6 ,loathing6 ,loathing6 ,what doth it now matter about us kings60-- 8,thine old sickness seizeth thee10 said here the king on the left1 8thy loathing seizeth thee1 my poor brother4 ,thou knowest1 however1 that some one heareth us40 ,immediately thereupon1 ,zarathustra1 who had opened ears and eyes to this talk1 rose from his hiding-place1 advanced towards the kings1 and thus began3 8,he who hearkeneth unto you1 he who gladly hearkeneth unto you1 is called ,zarathustra4 ,i am ,zarathustra who once said3 #8,what doth it now matter about kings6' ,forgive me2 ,i rejoiced when ye said to each other3 #8,what doth it matter about us kings6' ,here1 however1 is ,,my domain and jurisdiction3 what may ye be seeking in my domain8 ,perhaps1 however1 ye have ,,found on your way what ,i seek3 namely1 the higher man40 ,when the kings heard this1 they beat upon their breasts and said with one voice3 8,we are recognised6 ,with the sword of thine utterance severest thou the thickest darkness of our hearts4 ,thou hast discovered our distress2 for lo6 we are on our way to find the higher man-- --,the man that is higher than we1 although we are kings4 ,to him do we convey this ass4 ,for the highest man shall also be the highest lord on earth4 ,there is no sorer misfortune in all human destiny1 than when the mighty of the earth are not also the first men4 ,then everything becometh false and distorted and monstrous4 ,and when they are even the last men1 and more beast than man1 then riseth and riseth the populace in honour1 and at last saith even the populace-virtue3 #8,lo1 ,i alone am virtue6'0-- ,what have ,i just heard8 answered ,zarathustra4 ,what wisdom in kings6 ,i am enchanted1 and verily1 ,i have already promptings to make a rhyme thereon3-- --,even if it should happen to be a rhyme not suited for every one's ears4 ,i unlearned long ago to have consideration for long ears4 ,well then6 ,well now6 7,here1 however1 it happened that the ass also found utterance3 it said distinctly and with malevolence1 ,y-,e-,a47 #8,twas once--methinks year one of our blessed ,lord1--,drunk without wine1 the ,sybil thus deplored3--8,how ill things go6 ,decline6 ,decline6 ,ne'er sank the world so low6 ,rome now hath turned harlot and harlot-stew1 ,rome's ,caesar a beast1 and ,god--hath turned ,jew60 #b4 ,with those rhymes of ,zarathustra the kings were delighted2 the king on the right1 however1 said3 8,o ,zarathustra1 how well it was that we set out to see thee6 ,for thine enemies showed us thy likeness in their mirror3 there lookedst thou with the grimace of a devil1 and sneeringly3 so that we were afraid of thee4 ,but what good did it do6 ,always didst thou prick us anew in heart and ear with thy sayings4 ,then did we say at last3 ,what doth it matter how he look6 ,we must ,,hear him2 him who teacheth3 #8,ye shall love peace as a means to new wars1 and the short peace more than the long6' ,no one ever spake such warlike words3 #8,what is good8 ,to be brave is good4 ,it is the good war that halloweth every cause4' ,o ,zarathustra1 our fathers' blood stirred in our veins at such words3 it was like the voice of spring to old wine-casks4 ,when the swords ran among one another like red-spotted serpents1 then did our fathers become fond of life2 the sun of every peace seemed to them languid and lukewarm1 the long peace1 however1 made them ashamed4 ,how they sighed1 our fathers1 when they saw on the wall brightly furbished1 dried-up swords6 ,like those they thirsted for war4 ,for a sword thirsteth to drink blood1 and sparkleth with desire40-- --,when the kings thus discoursed and talked eagerly of the happiness of their fathers1 there came upon ,zarathustra no little desire to mock at their eagerness3 for evidently they were very peaceable kings whom he saw before him1 kings with old and refined features4 ,but he restrained himself4 8,well60 said he1 8thither leadeth the way1 there lieth the cave of ,zarathustra2 and this day is to have a long evening6 ,at present1 however1 a cry of distress calleth me hastily away from you4 ,it will honour my cave if kings want to sit and wait in it3 but1 to be sure1 ye will have to wait long6 ,well6 ,what of that6 ,where doth one at present learn better to wait than at courts8 ,and the whole virtue of kings that hath remained unto them--is it not called to-day3 ,,ability to wait80 ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,lxiv4 ,,the ,,leech4 ,and ,zarathustra went thoughtfully on1 further and lower down1 through forests and past moory bottoms2 as it happeneth1 however1 to every one who meditateth upon hard matters1 he trod thereby unawares upon a man4 ,and lo1 there spurted into his face all at once a cry of pain1 and two curses and twenty bad invectives1 so that in his fright he raised his stick and also struck the trodden one4 ,immediately afterwards1 however1 he regained his composure1 and his heart laughed at the folly he had just committed4 8,pardon me10 said he to the trodden one1 who had got up enraged1 and had seated himself1 8pardon me1 and hear first of all a parable4 ,as a wanderer who dreameth of remote things on a lonesome highway1 runneth unawares against a sleeping dog1 a dog which lieth in the sun3 --,as both of them then start up and snap at each other1 like deadly enemies1 those two beings mortally frightened--so did it happen unto us4 ,and yet6 ,and yet--how little was lacking for them to caress each other1 that dog and that lonesome one6 ,are they not both--lonesome ones60 --8,whoever thou art10 said the trodden one1 still enraged1 8thou treadest also too nigh me with thy parable1 and not only with thy foot6 ,lo6 am ,i then a dog80--,and thereupon the sitting one got up1 and pulled his naked arm out of the swamp4 ,for at first he had lain outstretched on the ground1 hidden and indiscernible1 like those who lie in wait for swamp-game4 8,but whatever art thou about60 called out ,zarathustra in alarm1 for he saw a deal of blood streaming over the naked arm1--8what hath hurt thee8 ,hath an evil beast bit thee1 thou unfortunate one80 ,the bleeding one laughed1 still angry1 8,what matter is it to thee60 said he1 and was about to go on4 8,here am ,i at home and in my province4 ,let him question me whoever will3 to a dolt1 however1 ,i shall hardly answer40 8,thou art mistaken10 said ,zarathustra sympathetically1 and held him fast2 8thou art mistaken4 ,here thou art not at home1 but in my domain1 and therein shall no one receive any hurt4 ,call me however what thou wilt--,i am who ,i must be4 ,i call myself ,zarathustra4 ,well6 ,up thither is the way to ,zarathustra's cave3 it is not far1--wilt thou not attend to thy wounds at my home8 ,it hath gone badly with thee1 thou unfortunate one1 in this life3 first a beast bit thee1 and then--a man trod upon thee60-- ,when however the trodden one had heard the name of ,zarathustra he was transformed4 8,what happeneth unto me60 he exclaimed1 8,,who preoccupieth me so much in this life as this one man1 namely ,zarathustra1 and that one animal that liveth on blood1 the leech8 ,for the sake of the leech did ,i lie here by this swamp1 like a fisher1 and already had mine outstretched arm been bitten ten times1 when there biteth a still finer leech at my blood1 ,zarathustra himself6 ,o happiness6 ,o miracle6 ,praised be this day which enticed me into the swamp6 ,praised be the best1 the livest cupping-glass1 that at present liveth2 praised be the great conscience-leech ,zarathustra60-- ,thus spake the trodden one1 and ,zarathustra rejoiced at his words and their refined reverential style4 8,who art thou80 asked he1 and gave him his hand1 8there is much to clear up and elucidate between us1 but already methinketh pure clear day is dawning40 8,i am ,,the ,,spiritually ,,conscientious ,,one10 answered he who was asked1 8and in matters of the spirit it is difficult for any one to take it more rigorously1 more restrictedly1 and more severely than ,i1 except him from whom ,i learnt it1 ,zarathustra himself4 ,better know nothing than half-know many things6 ,better be a fool on one's own account1 than a sage on other people's approbation6 ,i--go to the basis3 --,what matter if it be great or small8 ,if it be called swamp or sky8 ,a handbreadth of basis is enough for me1 if it be actually basis and ground6 --,a handbreadth of basis3 thereon can one stand4 ,in the true knowing-knowledge there is nothing great and nothing small40 8,then thou art perhaps an expert on the leech80 asked ,zarathustra2 8and thou investigatest the leech to its ultimate basis1 thou conscientious one80 8,o ,zarathustra10 answered the trodden one1 8that would be something immense2 how could ,i presume to do so6 ,that1 however1 of which ,i am master and knower1 is the ,,brain of the leech3--that is ,,my world6 ,and it is also a world6 ,forgive it1 however1 that my pride here findeth expression1 for here ,i have not mine equal4 ,therefore said ,i3 #8here am ,i at home4' ,how long have ,i investigated this one thing1 the brain of the leech1 so that here the slippery truth might no longer slip from me6 ,here is ,,my domain6 --,for the sake of this did ,i cast everything else aside1 for the sake of this did everything else become indifferent to me2 and close beside my knowledge lieth my black ignorance4 ,my spiritual conscience requireth from me that it should be so--that ,i should know one thing1 and not know all else3 they are a loathing unto me1 all the semi-spiritual1 all the hazy1 hovering1 and visionary4 ,where mine honesty ceaseth1 there am ,i blind1 and want also to be blind4 ,where ,i want to know1 however1 there want ,i also to be honest--namely1 severe1 rigorous1 restricted1 cruel and inexorable4 ,because ,,thou once saidest1 ,o ,zarathustra3 #8,spirit is life which itself cutteth into life'2--that led and allured me to thy doctrine4 ,and verily1 with mine own blood have ,i increased mine own knowledge60 --8,as the evidence indicateth10 broke in ,zarathustra2 for still was the blood flowing down on the naked arm of the conscientious one4 ,for there had ten leeches bitten into it4 8,o thou strange fellow1 how much doth this very evidence teach me--namely1 thou thyself6 ,and not all1 perhaps1 might ,i pour into thy rigorous ear6 ,well then6 ,we part here6 ,but ,i would fain find thee again4 ,up thither is the way to my cave3 to-night shalt thou there be my welcome guest6 ,fain would ,i also make amends to thy body for ,zarathustra treading upon thee with his feet3 ,i think about that4 ,just now1 however1 a cry of distress calleth me hastily away from thee40 ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,lxv4 ,,the ,,magician4 #a4 ,when however ,zarathustra had gone round a rock1 then saw he on the same path1 not far below him1 a man who threw his limbs about like a maniac1 and at last tumbled to the ground on his belly4 8,halt60 said then ,zarathustra to his heart1 8he there must surely be the higher man1 from him came that dreadful cry of distress1--,i will see if ,i can help him40 ,when1 however1 he ran to the spot where the man lay on the ground1 he found a trembling old man1 with fixed eyes2 and in spite of all ,zarathustra's efforts to lift him and set him again on his feet1 it was all in vain4 ,the unfortunate one1 also1 did not seem to notice that some one was beside him2 on the contrary1 he continually looked around with moving gestures1 like one forsaken and isolated from all the world4 ,at last1 however1 after much trembling1 and convulsion1 and curling-himself-up1 he began to lament thus3 ,who warm'th me1 who lov'th me still8 ,give ardent fingers6 ,give heartening charcoal-warmers6 ,prone1 outstretched1 trembling1 ,like him1 half dead and cold1 whose feet one warm'th-- ,and shaken1 ah6 by unfamiliar fevers1 ,shivering with sharpened1 icy-cold frost-arrows1 ,by thee pursued1 my fancy6 ,ineffable6 ,recondite6 ,sore-frightening6 ,thou huntsman 'hind the cloud-banks6 ,now lightning-struck by thee1 ,thou mocking eye that me in darkness watcheth3 --,thus do ,i lie1 ,bend myself1 twist myself1 convulsed ,with all eternal torture1 ,and smitten ,by thee1 cruellest huntsman1 ,thou unfamiliar--,,god444 ,smite deeper6 ,smite yet once more6 ,pierce through and rend my heart6 ,what mean'th this torture ,with dull1 indented arrows8 ,why look'st thou hither1 ,of human pain not weary1 ,with mischief-loving1 godly flash-glances8 ,not murder wilt thou1 ,but torture1 torture8 ,for why--,,me torture1 ,thou mischief-loving1 unfamiliar ,god8-- ,ha6 ,ha6 ,thou stealest nigh ,in midnight's gloomy hour8444 ,what wilt thou8 ,speak6 ,thou crowdst me1 pressest-- ,ha6 now far too closely6 ,thou hearst me breathing1 ,thou o'erhearst my heart1 ,thou ever jealous one6 --,of what1 pray1 ever jealous8 ,off6 ,off6 ,for why the ladder8 ,wouldst thou ,,get ,,in8 ,to heart in-clamber8 ,to mine own secretest ,conceptions in-clamber8 ,shameless one6 ,thou unknown one6--,thief6 ,what seekst thou by thy stealing8 ,what seekst thou by thy hearkening8 ,what seekst thou by thy torturing8 ,thou torturer6 ,thou--hangman-,god6 ,or shall ,i1 as the mastiffs do1 ,roll me before thee8 ,and cringing1 enraptured1 frantical1 ,my tail friendly--waggle6 ,in vain6 ,goad further6 ,cruellest goader6 ,no dog--thy game just am ,i1 ,cruellest huntsman6 ,thy proudest of captives1 ,thou robber 'hind the cloud-banks 444 ,speak finally6 ,thou lightning-veiled one6 ,thou unknown one6 ,speak6 ,what wilt thou1 highway-ambusher1 from--,,me8 ,what ,,wilt thou1 unfamiliar--,god8 ,what8 ,ransom-gold8 ,how much of ransom-gold8 ,solicit much--that bid'th my pride6 ,and be concise--that bid'th mine other pride6 ,ha6 ,ha6 ,,me--wantest thou8 me8 --,entire8444 ,ha6 ,ha6 ,and torturest me1 fool that thou art1 ,dead-torturest quite my pride8 ,give ,,love to me--who warm'th me still8 ,who lov'th me still8-- ,give ardent fingers1 ,give heartening charcoal-warmers1 ,give me1 the lonesomest1 ,the ice 7ah6 seven-fold frozen ice1 ,for very enemies1 ,for foes1 doth make one thirst71 ,give1 yield to me1 ,cruellest foe1 --,,thyself6-- ,away6 ,there fled he surely1 ,my final1 only comrade1 ,my greatest foe1 ,mine unfamiliar-- ,my hangman-,god6444 --,nay6 ,come thou back6 ,,with all of thy great tortures6 ,to me the last of lonesome ones1 ,oh1 come thou back6 ,all my hot tears in streamlets trickle ,their course to thee6 ,and all my final hearty fervour-- ,up-glow'th to ,,thee6 ,oh1 come thou back1 ,mine unfamiliar ,god6 my ,,pain6 ,my final bliss6 #b4 --,here1 however1 ,zarathustra could no longer restrain himself2 he took his staff and struck the wailer with all his might4 8,stop this10 cried he to him with wrathful laughter1 8stop this1 thou stage-player6 ,thou false coiner6 ,thou liar from the very heart6 ,i know thee well6 ,i will soon make warm legs to thee1 thou evil magician3 ,i know well how--to make it hot for such as thou60 --8,leave off10 said the old man1 and sprang up from the ground1 8strike me no more1 ,o ,zarathustra6 ,i did it only for amusement6 ,that kind of thing belongeth to mine art4 ,thee thyself1 ,i wanted to put to the proof when ,i gave this performance4 ,and verily1 thou hast well detected me6 ,but thou thyself--hast given me no small proof of thyself3 thou art ,,hard1 thou wise ,zarathustra6 ,hard strikest thou with thy #8truths1' thy cudgel forceth from me--,,this truth60 --8,flatter not10 answered ,zarathustra1 still excited and frowning1 8thou stage-player from the heart6 ,thou art false3 why speakest thou--of truth6 ,thou peacock of peacocks1 thou sea of vanity2 ,,what didst thou represent before me1 thou evil magician2 ,,whom was ,i meant to believe in when thou wailedst in such wise80 8,,the ,,penitent ,,in ,,spirit10 said the old man1 8it was him--,i represented2 thou thyself once devisedst this expression-- --,the poet and magician who at last turneth his spirit against himself1 the transformed one who freezeth to death by his bad science and conscience4 ,and just acknowledge it3 it was long1 ,o ,zarathustra1 before thou discoveredst my trick and lie6 ,thou ,,believedst in my distress when thou heldest my head with both thy hands1-- --,i heard thee lament #8we have loved him too little1 loved him too little6' ,because ,i so far deceived thee1 my wickedness rejoiced in me40 8,thou mayest have deceived subtler ones than ,i10 said ,zarathustra sternly4 8,i am not on my guard against deceivers2 ,i ,,have ,,to ,,be without precaution3 so willeth my lot4 ,thou1 however1--,,must deceive3 so far do ,i know thee6 ,thou must ever be equivocal1 trivocal1 quadrivocal1 and quinquivocal6 ,even what thou hast now confessed1 is not nearly true enough nor false enough for me6 ,thou bad false coiner1 how couldst thou do otherwise6 ,thy very malady wouldst thou whitewash if thou showed thyself naked to thy physician4 ,thus didst thou whitewash thy lie before me when thou saidst3 #8,i did so ,,only for amusement6' ,there was also ,,seriousness therein1 thou ,,art something of a penitent-in-spirit6 ,i divine thee well3 thou hast become the enchanter of all the world2 but for thyself thou hast no lie or artifice left1--thou art disenchanted to thyself6 ,thou hast reaped disgust as thy one truth4 ,no word in thee is any longer genuine1 but thy mouth is so3 that is to say1 the disgust that cleaveth unto thy mouth40-- --8,who art thou at all60 cried here the old magician with defiant voice1 8who dareth to speak thus unto ,,me1 the greatest man now living80--and a green flash shot from his eye at ,zarathustra4 ,but immediately after he changed1 and said sadly3 8,o ,zarathustra1 ,i am weary of it1 ,i am disgusted with mine arts1 ,i am not ,,great1 why do ,i dissemble6 ,but thou knowest it well--,i sought for greatness6 ,a great man ,i wanted to appear1 and persuaded many2 but the lie hath been beyond my power4 ,on it do ,i collapse4 ,o ,zarathustra1 everything is a lie in me2 but that ,i collapse--this my collapsing is ,,genuine60-- 8,it honoureth thee10 said ,zarathustra gloomily1 looking down with sidelong glance1 8it honoureth thee that thou soughtest for greatness1 but it betrayeth thee also4 ,thou art not great4 ,thou bad old magician1 ,,that is the best and the honestest thing ,i honour in thee1 that thou hast become weary of thyself1 and hast expressed it3 #8,i am not great4' ,,therein do ,i honour thee as a penitent-in-spirit1 and although only for the twinkling of an eye1 in that one moment wast thou--genuine4 ,but tell me1 what seekest thou here in ,,my forests and rocks8 ,and if thou hast put thyself in ,,my way1 what proof of me wouldst thou have8-- --,wherein didst thou put ,,me to the test80 ,thus spake ,zarathustra1 and his eyes sparkled4 ,but the old magician kept silence for a while2 then said he3 8,did ,i put thee to the test8 ,i--seek only4 ,o ,zarathustra1 ,i seek a genuine one1 a right one1 a simple one1 an unequivocal one1 a man of perfect honesty1 a vessel of wisdom1 a saint of knowledge1 a great man6 ,knowest thou it not1 ,o ,zarathustra8 ,i ,,seek ,,zarathustra40 --,and here there arose a long silence between them3 ,zarathustra1 however1 became profoundly absorbed in thought1 so that he shut his eyes4 ,but afterwards coming back to the situation1 he grasped the hand of the magician1 and said1 full of politeness and policy3 8,well6 ,up thither leadeth the way1 there is the cave of ,zarathustra4 ,in it mayest thou seek him whom thou wouldst fain find4 ,and ask counsel of mine animals1 mine eagle and my serpent3 they shall help thee to seek4 ,my cave however is large4 ,i myself1 to be sure--,i have as yet seen no great man4 ,that which is great1 the acutest eye is at present insensible to it4 ,it is the kingdom of the populace4 ,many a one have ,i found who stretched and inflated himself1 and the people cried3 #8,behold2 a great man6' ,but what good do all bellows do6 ,the wind cometh out at last4 ,at last bursteth the frog which hath inflated itself too long3 then cometh out the wind4 ,to prick a swollen one in the belly1 ,i call good pastime4 ,hear that1 ye boys6 ,our to-day is of the populace3 who still ,,knoweth what is great and what is small6 ,who could there seek successfully for greatness6 ,a fool only3 it succeedeth with fools4 ,thou seekest for great men1 thou strange fool8 ,who ,,taught that to thee8 ,is to-day the time for it8 ,oh1 thou bad seeker1 why dost thou--tempt me80-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra1 comforted in his heart1 and went laughing on his way4 ,,lxvi4 ,,out ,,of ,,service4 ,not long1 however1 after ,zarathustra had freed himself from the magician1 he again saw a person sitting beside the path which he followed1 namely a tall1 black man1 with a haggard1 pale countenance3 ,,this ,,man grieved him exceedingly4 8,alas10 said he to his heart1 8there sitteth disguised affliction2 methinketh he is of the type of the priests3 what do ,,they want in my domain8 ,what6 ,hardly have ,i escaped from that magician1 and must another necromancer again run across my path1-- --,some sorcerer with laying-on-of-hands1 some sombre wonder-worker by the grace of ,god1 some anointed world-maligner1 whom1 may the devil take6 ,but the devil is never at the place which would be his right place3 he always cometh too late1 that cursed dwarf and club-foot60-- ,thus cursed ,zarathustra impatiently in his heart1 and considered how with averted look he might slip past the black man4 ,but behold1 it came about otherwise4 ,for at the same moment had the sitting one already perceived him2 and not unlike one whom an unexpected happiness overtaketh1 he sprang to his feet1 and went straight towards ,zarathustra4 8,whoever thou art1 thou traveller10 said he1 8help a strayed one1 a seeker1 an old man1 who may here easily come to grief6 ,the world here is strange to me1 and remote2 wild beasts also did ,i hear howling2 and he who could have given me protection--he is himself no more4 ,i was seeking the pious man1 a saint and an anchorite1 who1 alone in his forest1 had not yet heard of what all the world knoweth at present40 8,,what doth all the world know at present80 asked ,zarathustra4 8,perhaps that the old ,god no longer liveth1 in whom all the world once believed80 8,thou sayest it10 answered the old man sorrowfully4 8,and ,i served that old ,god until his last hour4 ,now1 however1 am ,i out of service1 without master1 and yet not free2 likewise am ,i no longer merry even for an hour1 except it be in recollections4 ,therefore did ,i ascend into these mountains1 that ,i might finally have a festival for myself once more1 as becometh an old pope and church-father3 for know it1 that ,i am the last pope6--a festival of pious recollections and divine services4 ,now1 however1 is he himself dead1 the most pious of men1 the saint in the forest1 who praised his ,god constantly with singing and mumbling4 ,he himself found ,i no longer when ,i found his cot--but two wolves found ,i therein1 which howled on account of his death1--for all animals loved him4 ,then did ,i haste away4 ,had ,i thus come in vain into these forests and mountains8 ,then did my heart determine that ,i should seek another1 the most pious of all those who believe not in ,god--1 my heart determined that ,i should seek ,zarathustra60 ,thus spake the hoary man1 and gazed with keen eyes at him who stood before him4 ,zarathustra however seized the hand of the old pope and regarded it a long while with admiration4 8,lo6 thou venerable one10 said he then1 8what a fine and long hand6 ,that is the hand of one who hath ever dispensed blessings4 ,now1 however1 doth it hold fast him whom thou seekest1 me1 ,zarathustra4 ,it is ,i1 the ungodly ,zarathustra1 who saith3 #8,who is ungodlier than ,i1 that ,i may enjoy his teaching8'0-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra1 and penetrated with his glances the thoughts and arrear-thoughts of the old pope4 ,at last the latter began3 8,he who most loved and possessed him hath now also lost him most--3 --,lo1 ,i myself am surely the most godless of us at present8 ,but who could rejoice at that60-- --8,thou servedst him to the last80 asked ,zarathustra thoughtfully1 after a deep silence1 8thou knowest ,,how he died8 ,is it true what they say1 that sympathy choked him2 --,that he saw how ,,man hung on the cross1 and could not endure it2--that his love to man became his hell1 and at last his death80-- ,the old pope however did not answer1 but looked aside timidly1 with a painful and gloomy expression4 8,let him go10 said ,zarathustra1 after prolonged meditation1 still looking the old man straight in the eye4 8,let him go1 he is gone4 ,and though it honoureth thee that thou speakest only in praise of this dead one1 yet thou knowest as well as ,i ,,who he was1 and that he went curious ways40 8,to speak before three eyes10 said the old pope cheerfully 7he was blind of one eye71 8in divine matters ,i am more enlightened than ,zarathustra himself--and may well be so4 ,my love served him long years1 my will followed all his will4 ,a good servant1 however1 knoweth everything1 and many a thing even which a master hideth from himself4 ,he was a hidden ,god1 full of secrecy4 ,verily1 he did not come by his son otherwise than by secret ways4 ,at the door of his faith standeth adultery4 ,whoever extolleth him as a ,god of love1 doth not think highly enough of love itself4 ,did not that ,god want also to be judge8 ,but the loving one loveth irrespective of reward and requital4 ,when he was young1 that ,god out of the ,orient1 then was he harsh and revengeful1 and built himself a hell for the delight of his favourites4 ,at last1 however1 he became old and soft and mellow and pitiful1 more like a grandfather than a father1 but most like a tottering old grandmother4 ,there did he sit shrivelled in his chimney-corner1 fretting on account of his weak legs1 world-weary1 will-weary1 and one day he suffocated of his all-too-great pity40-- 8,thou old pope10 said here ,zarathustra interposing1 8hast thou seen ,,that with thine eyes8 ,it could well have happened in that way3 in that way1 ,,and also otherwise4 ,when ,gods die they always die many kinds of death4 ,well6 ,at all events1 one way or other--he is gone6 ,he was counter to the taste of mine ears and eyes2 worse than that ,i should not like to say against him4 ,i love everything that looketh bright and speaketh honestly4 ,but he--thou knowest it1 forsooth1 thou old priest1 there was something of thy type in him1 the priest-type--he was equivocal4 ,he was also indistinct4 ,how he raged at us1 this wrath-snorter1 because we understood him badly6 ,but why did he not speak more clearly8 ,and if the fault lay in our ears1 why did he give us ears that heard him badly8 ,if there was dirt in our ears1 well6 who put it in them8 ,too much miscarried with him1 this potter who had not learned thoroughly6 ,that he took revenge on his pots and creations1 however1 because they turned out badly--that was a sin against ,,good ,,taste4 ,there is also good taste in piety3 ,,this at last said3 #8,away with ,,such a ,god6 ,better to have no ,god1 better to set up destiny on one's own account1 better to be a fool1 better to be ,god oneself6'0 --8,what do ,i hear60 said then the old pope1 with intent ears2 8,o ,zarathustra1 thou art more pious than thou believest1 with such an unbelief6 ,some ,god in thee hath converted thee to thine ungodliness4 ,is it not thy piety itself which no longer letteth thee believe in a ,god8 ,and thine over-great honesty will yet lead thee even beyond good and evil6 ,behold1 what hath been reserved for thee8 ,thou hast eyes and hands and mouth1 which have been predestined for blessing from eternity4 ,one doth not bless with the hand alone4 ,nigh unto thee1 though thou professest to be the ungodliest one1 ,i feel a hale and holy odour of long benedictions3 ,i feel glad and grieved thereby4 ,let me be thy guest1 ,o ,zarathustra1 for a single night6 ,nowhere on earth shall ,i now feel better than with thee60-- 8,amen6 ,so shall it be60 said ,zarathustra1 with great astonishment2 8up thither leadeth the way1 there lieth the cave of ,zarathustra4 ,gladly1 forsooth1 would ,i conduct thee thither myself1 thou venerable one2 for ,i love all pious men4 ,but now a cry of distress calleth me hastily away from thee4 ,in my domain shall no one come to grief2 my cave is a good haven4 ,and best of all would ,i like to put every sorrowful one again on firm land and firm legs4 ,who1 however1 could take ,,thy melancholy off thy shoulders8 ,for that ,i am too weak4 ,long1 verily1 should we have to wait until some one re-awoke thy ,god for thee4 ,for that old ,god liveth no more3 he is indeed dead40-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,lxvii4 ,,the ,,ugliest ,,man4 --,and again did ,zarathustra's feet run through mountains and forests1 and his eyes sought and sought1 but nowhere was he to be seen whom they wanted to see--the sorely distressed sufferer and crier4 ,on the whole way1 however1 he rejoiced in his heart and was full of gratitude4 8,what good things10 said he1 8hath this day given me1 as amends for its bad beginning6 ,what strange interlocutors have ,i found6 ,at their words will ,i now chew a long while as at good corn2 small shall my teeth grind and crush them1 until they flow like milk into my soul60-- ,when1 however1 the path again curved round a rock1 all at once the landscape changed1 and ,zarathustra entered into a realm of death4 ,here bristled aloft black and red cliffs1 without any grass1 tree1 or bird's voice4 ,for it was a valley which all animals avoided1 even the beasts of prey1 except that a species of ugly1 thick1 green serpent came here to die when they became old4 ,therefore the shepherds called this valley3 8,serpent-death40 ,zarathustra1 however1 became absorbed in dark recollections1 for it seemed to him as if he had once before stood in this valley4 ,and much heaviness settled on his mind1 so that he walked slowly and always more slowly1 and at last stood still4 ,then1 however1 when he opened his eyes1 he saw something sitting by the wayside shaped like a man1 and hardly like a man1 something nondescript4 ,and all at once there came over ,zarathustra a great shame1 because he had gazed on such a thing4 ,blushing up to the very roots of his white hair1 he turned aside his glance1 and raised his foot that he might leave this ill-starred place4 ,then1 however1 became the dead wilderness vocal3 for from the ground a noise welled up1 gurgling and rattling1 as water gurgleth and rattleth at night through stopped-up water-pipes2 and at last it turned into human voice and human speech3--it sounded thus3 8,zarathustra6 ,zarathustra6 ,read my riddle6 ,say1 say6 ,,what ,,is ,,the ,,revenge ,,on ,,the ,,witness8 ,i entice thee back2 here is smooth ice6 ,see to it1 see to it1 that thy pride doth not here break its legs6 ,thou thinkest thyself wise1 thou proud ,zarathustra6 ,read then the riddle1 thou hard nut-cracker1--the riddle that ,i am6 ,say then3 who am ,i60 --,when however ,zarathustra had heard these words1--what think ye then took place in his soul8 ,,pity ,,overcame ,,him2 and he sank down all at once1 like an oak that hath long withstood many tree-fellers1--heavily1 suddenly1 to the terror even of those who meant to fell it4 ,but immediately he got up again from the ground1 and his countenance became stern4 8,i know thee well10 said he1 with a brazen voice1 8,,thou ,,art ,,the ,,murderer ,,of ,,god6 ,let me go4 ,thou couldst not ,,endure him who beheld ,,thee1--who ever beheld thee through and through1 thou ugliest man4 ,thou tookest revenge on this witness60 ,thus spake ,zarathustra and was about to go2 but the nondescript grasped at a corner of his garment and began anew to gurgle and seek for words4 8,stay10 said he at last-- --8,stay6 ,do not pass by6 ,i have divined what axe it was that struck thee to the ground3 hail to thee1 ,o ,zarathustra1 that thou art again upon thy feet6 ,thou hast divined1 ,i know it well1 how the man feeleth who killed him1--the murderer of ,god4 ,stay6 ,sit down here beside me2 it is not to no purpose4 ,to whom would ,i go but unto thee8 ,stay1 sit down6 ,do not however look at me6 ,honour thus--mine ugliness6 ,they persecute me3 now art ,,thou my last refuge4 ,,not with their hatred1 ,,not with their bailiffs2--,oh1 such persecution would ,i mock at1 and be proud and cheerful6 ,hath not all success hitherto been with the well-persecuted ones8 ,and he who persecuteth well learneth readily to be ,,obsequent--when once he is--put behind6 ,but it is their ,,pity-- --,their pity is it from which ,i flee away and flee to thee4 ,o ,zarathustra1 protect me1 thou1 my last refuge1 thou sole one who divinedst me3 --,thou hast divined how the man feeleth who killed ,,him4 ,stay6 ,and if thou wilt go1 thou impatient one1 go not the way that ,i came4 ,,that way is bad4 ,art thou angry with me because ,i have already racked language too long8 ,because ,i have already counselled thee8 ,but know that it is ,i1 the ugliest man1 --,who have also the largest1 heaviest feet4 ,where ,i have gone1 the way is bad4 ,i tread all paths to death and destruction4 ,but that thou passedst me by in silence1 that thou blushedst--,i saw it well3 thereby did ,i know thee as ,zarathustra4 ,every one else would have thrown to me his alms1 his pity1 in look and speech4 ,but for that--,i am not beggar enough3 that didst thou divine4 ,for that ,i am too ,,rich1 rich in what is great1 frightful1 ugliest1 most unutterable6 ,thy shame1 ,o ,zarathustra1 ,,honoured me6 ,with difficulty did ,i get out of the crowd of the pitiful1--that ,i might find the only one who at present teacheth that #8pity is obtrusive'-- thyself1 ,o ,zarathustra6 --,whether it be the pity of a ,god1 or whether it be human pity1 it is offensive to modesty4 ,and unwillingness to help may be nobler than the virtue that rusheth to do so4 ,,that however--namely1 pity--is called virtue itself at present by all petty people3--they have no reverence for great misfortune1 great ugliness1 great failure4 ,beyond all these do ,i look1 as a dog looketh over the backs of thronging flocks of sheep4 ,they are petty1 good-wooled1 good-willed1 grey people4 ,as the heron looketh contemptuously at shallow pools1 with backward-bent head1 so do ,i look at the throng of grey little waves and wills and souls4 ,too long have we acknowledged them to be right1 those petty people3 ,,so we have at last given them power as well2--and now do they teach that #8good is only what petty people call good4' ,and #8truth' is at present what the preacher spake who himself sprang from them1 that singular saint and advocate of the petty people1 who testified of himself3 #8,i--am the truth4' ,that immodest one hath long made the petty people greatly puffed up1--he who taught no small error when he taught3 #8,i--am the truth4' ,hath an immodest one ever been answered more courteously8--,thou1 however1 ,o ,zarathustra1 passedst him by1 and saidst3 #8,nay6 ,nay6 ,three times ,nay6' ,thou warnedst against his error2 thou warnedst--the first to do so--against pity3--not every one1 not none1 but thyself and thy type4 ,thou art ashamed of the shame of the great sufferer2 and verily when thou sayest3 #8,from pity there cometh a heavy cloud2 take heed1 ye men6' --,when thou teachest3 #8,all creators are hard1 all great love is beyond their pity3' ,o ,zarathustra1 how well versed dost thou seem to me in weather-signs6 ,thou thyself1 however1--warn thyself also against ,,thy pity6 ,for many are on their way to thee1 many suffering1 doubting1 despairing1 drowning1 freezing ones-- ,i warn thee also against myself4 ,thou hast read my best1 my worst riddle1 myself1 and what ,i have done4 ,i know the axe that felleth thee4 ,but he--,,had ,,to die3 he looked with eyes which beheld ,,everything1--he beheld men's depths and dregs1 all his hidden ignominy and ugliness4 ,his pity knew no modesty3 he crept into my dirtiest corners4 ,this most prying1 over-intrusive1 over-pitiful one had to die4 ,he ever beheld ,,me3 on such a witness ,i would have revenge--or not live myself4 ,the ,god who beheld everything1 ,,and ,,also ,,man3 that ,god had to die6 ,man cannot ,,endure it that such a witness should live40 ,thus spake the ugliest man4 ,zarathustra however got up1 and prepared to go on3 for he felt frozen to the very bowels4 8,thou nondescript10 said he1 8thou warnedst me against thy path4 ,as thanks for it ,i praise mine to thee4 ,behold1 up thither is the cave of ,zarathustra4 ,my cave is large and deep and hath many corners2 there findeth he that is most hidden his hiding-place4 ,and close beside it1 there are a hundred lurking-places and by-places for creeping1 fluttering1 and hopping creatures4 ,thou outcast1 who hast cast thyself out1 thou wilt not live amongst men and men's pity8 ,well then1 do like me6 ,thus wilt thou learn also from me2 only the doer learneth4 ,and talk first and foremost to mine animals6 ,the proudest animal and the wisest animal--they might well be the right counsellors for us both60-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra and went his way1 more thoughtfully and slowly even than before3 for he asked himself many things1 and hardly knew what to answer4 8,how poor indeed is man10 thought he in his heart1 8how ugly1 how wheezy1 how full of hidden shame6 ,they tell me that man loveth himself4 ,ah1 how great must that self-love be6 ,how much contempt is opposed to it6 ,even this man hath loved himself1 as he hath despised himself1--a great lover methinketh he is1 and a great despiser4 ,no one have ,i yet found who more thoroughly despised himself3 even ,,that is elevation4 ,alas1 was ,,this perhaps the higher man whose cry ,i heard8 ,i love the great despisers4 ,man is something that hath to be surpassed40-- ,,lxviii4 ,,the ,,voluntary ,,beggar4 ,when ,zarathustra had left the ugliest man1 he was chilled and felt lonesome3 for much coldness and lonesomeness came over his spirit1 so that even his limbs became colder thereby4 ,when1 however1 he wandered on and on1 uphill and down1 at times past green meadows1 though also sometimes over wild stony couches where formerly perhaps an impatient brook had made its bed1 then he turned all at once warmer and heartier again4 8,what hath happened unto me80 he asked himself1 8something warm and living quickeneth me2 it must be in the neighbourhood4 ,already am ,i less alone2 unconscious companions and brethren rove around me2 their warm breath toucheth my soul40 ,when1 however1 he spied about and sought for the comforters of his lonesomeness1 behold1 there were kine there standing together on an eminence1 whose proximity and smell had warmed his heart4 ,the kine1 however1 seemed to listen eagerly to a speaker1 and took no heed of him who approached4 ,when1 however1 ,zarathustra was quite nigh unto them1 then did he hear plainly that a human voice spake in the midst of the kine1 and apparently all of them had turned their heads towards the speaker4 ,then ran ,zarathustra up speedily and drove the animals aside2 for he feared that some one had here met with harm1 which the pity of the kine would hardly be able to relieve4 ,but in this he was deceived2 for behold1 there sat a man on the ground who seemed to be persuading the animals to have no fear of him1 a peaceable man and ,preacher-on-the-,mount1 out of whose eyes kindness itself preached4 8,what dost thou seek here80 called out ,zarathustra in astonishment4 8,what do ,i here seek80 answered he3 8the same that thou seekest1 thou mischief-maker2 that is to say1 happiness upon earth4 ,to that end1 however1 ,i would fain learn of these kine4 ,for ,i tell thee that ,i have already talked half a morning unto them1 and just now were they about to give me their answer4 ,why dost thou disturb them8 ,except we be converted and become as kine1 we shall in no wise enter into the kingdom of heaven4 ,for we ought to learn from them one thing3 ruminating4 ,and verily1 although a man should gain the whole world1 and yet not learn one thing1 ruminating1 what would it profit him6 ,he would not be rid of his affliction1 --,his great affliction3 that1 however1 is at present called ,,disgust4 ,who hath not at present his heart1 his mouth and his eyes full of disgust8 ,thou also6 ,thou also6 ,but behold these kine60-- ,thus spake the ,preacher-on-the-,mount1 and turned then his own look towards ,zarathustra--for hitherto it had rested lovingly on the kine--3 then1 however1 he put on a different expression4 8,who is this with whom ,i talk80 he exclaimed frightened1 and sprang up from the ground4 8,this is the man without disgust1 this is ,zarathustra himself1 the surmounter of the great disgust1 this is the eye1 this is the mouth1 this is the heart of ,zarathustra himself40 ,and whilst he thus spake he kissed with o'erflowing eyes the hands of him with whom he spake1 and behaved altogether like one to whom a precious gift and jewel hath fallen unawares from heaven4 ,the kine1 however1 gazed at it all and wondered4 8,speak not of me1 thou strange one2 thou amiable one60 said ,zarathustra1 and restrained his affection1 8speak to me firstly of thyself6 ,art thou not the voluntary beggar who once cast away great riches1-- --,who was ashamed of his riches and of the rich1 and fled to the poorest to bestow upon them his abundance and his heart8 ,but they received him not40 8,but they received me not10 said the voluntary beggar1 8thou knowest it1 forsooth4 ,so ,i went at last to the animals and to those kine40 8,then learnedst thou10 interrupted ,zarathustra1 8how much harder it is to give properly than to take properly1 and that bestowing well is an ,,art--the last1 subtlest master-art of kindness40 8,especially nowadays10 answered the voluntary beggar3 8at present1 that is to say1 when everything low hath become rebellious and exclusive and haughty in its manner--in the manner of the populace4 ,for the hour hath come1 thou knowest it forsooth1 for the great1 evil1 long1 slow mob-and-slave-insurrection3 it extendeth and extendeth6 ,now doth it provoke the lower classes1 all benevolence and petty giving2 and the over-rich may be on their guard6 ,whoever at present drip1 like bulgy bottles out of all-too-small necks3--of such bottles at present one willingly breaketh the necks4 ,wanton avidity1 bilious envy1 careworn revenge1 populace-pride3 all these struck mine eye4 ,it is no longer true that the poor are blessed4 ,the kingdom of heaven1 however1 is with the kine40 8,and why is it not with the rich80 asked ,zarathustra temptingly1 while he kept back the kine which sniffed familiarly at the peaceful one4 8,why dost thou tempt me80 answered the other4 8,thou knowest it thyself better even than ,i4 ,what was it drove me to the poorest1 ,o ,zarathustra8 ,was it not my disgust at the richest8 --,at the culprits of riches1 with cold eyes and rank thoughts1 who pick up profit out of all kinds of rubbish--at this rabble that stinketh to heaven1 --,at this gilded1 falsified populace1 whose fathers were pickpockets1 or carrion-crows1 or rag-pickers1 with wives compliant1 lewd and forgetful3--for they are all of them not far different from harlots-- ,populace above1 populace below6 ,what are #8poor' and #8rich' at present6 ,that distinction did ,i unlearn1--then did ,i flee away further and ever further1 until ,i came to those kine40 ,thus spake the peaceful one1 and puffed himself and perspired with his words3 so that the kine wondered anew4 ,zarathustra1 however1 kept looking into his face with a smile1 all the time the man talked so severely--and shook silently his head4 8,thou doest violence to thyself1 thou ,preacher-on-the-,mount1 when thou usest such severe words4 ,for such severity neither thy mouth nor thine eye have been given thee4 ,nor1 methinketh1 hath thy stomach either3 unto ,,it all such rage and hatred and foaming-over is repugnant4 ,thy stomach wanteth softer things3 thou art not a butcher4 ,rather seemest thou to me a plant-eater and a root-man4 ,perhaps thou grindest corn4 ,certainly1 however1 thou art averse to fleshly joys1 and thou lovest honey40 8,thou hast divined me well10 answered the voluntary beggar1 with lightened heart4 8,i love honey1 ,i also grind corn2 for ,i have sought out what tasteth sweetly and maketh pure breath3 --,also what requireth a long time1 a day's-work and a mouth's-work for gentle idlers and sluggards4 ,furthest1 to be sure1 have those kine carried it3 they have devised ruminating and lying in the sun4 ,they also abstain from all heavy thoughts which inflate the heart40 --8,well60 said ,zarathustra1 8thou shouldst also see ,,mine animals1 mine eagle and my serpent1--their like do not at present exist on earth4 ,behold1 thither leadeth the way to my cave3 be to-night its guest4 ,and talk to mine animals of the happiness of animals1-- --,until ,i myself come home4 ,for now a cry of distress calleth me hastily away from thee4 ,also1 shouldst thou find new honey with me1 ice-cold1 golden-comb-honey1 eat it6 ,now1 however1 take leave at once of thy kine1 thou strange one6 thou amiable one6 though it be hard for thee4 ,for they are thy warmest friends and preceptors60-- --8,one excepted1 whom ,i hold still dearer10 answered the voluntary beggar4 8,thou thyself art good1 ,o ,zarathustra1 and better even than a cow60 8,away1 away with thee6 thou evil flatterer60 cried ,zarathustra mischievously1 8why dost thou spoil me with such praise and flattery-honey8 8,away1 away from me60 cried he once more1 and heaved his stick at the fond beggar1 who1 however1 ran nimbly away4 ,,lxix4 ,,the ,,shadow4 ,scarcely however was the voluntary beggar gone in haste1 and ,zarathustra again alone1 when he heard behind him a new voice which called out3 8,stay6 ,zarathustra6 ,do wait6 ,it is myself1 forsooth1 ,o ,zarathustra1 myself1 thy shadow60 ,but ,zarathustra did not wait2 for a sudden irritation came over him on account of the crowd and the crowding in his mountains4 8,whither hath my lonesomeness gone80 spake he4 8,it is verily becoming too much for me2 these mountains swarm2 my kingdom is no longer of ,,this world2 ,i require new mountains4 ,my shadow calleth me8 ,what matter about my shadow6 ,let it run after me6 ,i--run away from it40 ,thus spake ,zarathustra to his heart and ran away4 ,but the one behind followed after him1 so that immediately there were three runners1 one after the other--namely1 foremost the voluntary beggar1 then ,zarathustra1 and thirdly1 and hindmost1 his shadow4 ,but not long had they run thus when ,zarathustra became conscious of his folly1 and shook off with one jerk all his irritation and detestation4 8,what60 said he1 8have not the most ludicrous things always happened to us old anchorites and saints8 ,verily1 my folly hath grown big in the mountains6 ,now do ,i hear six old fools' legs rattling behind one another6 ,but doth ,zarathustra need to be frightened by his shadow8 ,also1 methinketh that after all it hath longer legs than mine40 ,thus spake ,zarathustra1 and1 laughing with eyes and entrails1 he stood still and turned round quickly--and behold1 he almost thereby threw his shadow and follower to the ground1 so closely had the latter followed at his heels1 and so weak was he4 ,for when ,zarathustra scrutinised him with his glance he was frightened as by a sudden apparition1 so slender1 swarthy1 hollow and worn-out did this follower appear4 8,who art thou80 asked ,zarathustra vehemently1 8what doest thou here8 ,and why callest thou thyself my shadow8 ,thou art not pleasing unto me40 8,forgive me10 answered the shadow1 8that it is ,i2 and if ,i please thee not--well1 ,o ,zarathustra6 therein do ,i admire thee and thy good taste4 ,a wanderer am ,i1 who have walked long at thy heels2 always on the way1 but without a goal1 also without a home3 so that verily1 ,i lack little of being the eternally ,wandering ,jew1 except that ,i am not eternal and not a ,jew4 ,what8 ,must ,i ever be on the way8 ,whirled by every wind1 unsettled1 driven about8 ,o earth1 thou hast become too round for me6 ,on every surface have ,i already sat1 like tired dust have ,i fallen asleep on mirrors and window-panes3 everything taketh from me1 nothing giveth2 ,i become thin--,i am almost equal to a shadow4 ,after thee1 however1 ,o ,zarathustra1 did ,i fly and hie longest2 and though ,i hid myself from thee1 ,i was nevertheless thy best shadow3 wherever thou hast sat1 there sat ,i also4 ,with thee have ,i wandered about in the remotest1 coldest worlds1 like a phantom that voluntarily haunteth winter roofs and snows4 ,with thee have ,i pushed into all the forbidden1 all the worst and the furthest3 and if there be anything of virtue in me1 it is that ,i have had no fear of any prohibition4 ,with thee have ,i broken up whatever my heart revered2 all boundary-stones and statues have ,i o'erthrown2 the most dangerous wishes did ,i pursue1--verily1 beyond every crime did ,i once go4 ,with thee did ,i unlearn the belief in words and worths and in great names4 ,when the devil casteth his skin1 doth not his name also fall away8 ,it is also skin4 ,the devil himself is perhaps--skin4 #8,nothing is true1 all is permitted'3 so said ,i to myself4 ,into the coldest water did ,i plunge with head and heart4 ,ah1 how oft did ,i stand there naked on that account1 like a red crab6 ,ah1 where have gone all my goodness and all my shame and all my belief in the good6 ,ah1 where is the lying innocence which ,i once possessed1 the innocence of the good and of their noble lies6 ,too oft1 verily1 did ,i follow close to the heels of truth3 then did it kick me on the face4 ,sometimes ,i meant to lie1 and behold6 then only did ,i hit--the truth4 ,too much hath become clear unto me3 now it doth not concern me any more4 ,nothing liveth any longer that ,i love1--how should ,i still love myself8 #8,to live as ,i incline1 or not to live at all'3 so do ,i wish2 so wisheth also the holiest4 ,but alas6 how have ,i still--inclination8 ,have ,i--still a goal8 ,a haven towards which ,,my sail is set8 ,a good wind8 ,ah1 he only who knoweth ,,whither he saileth1 knoweth what wind is good1 and a fair wind for him4 ,what still remaineth to me8 ,a heart weary and flippant2 an unstable will2 fluttering wings2 a broken backbone4 ,this seeking for ,,my home3 ,o ,zarathustra1 dost thou know that this seeking hath been ,,my home-sickening2 it eateth me up4 #8,,where is--,,my home8' ,for it do ,i ask and seek1 and have sought1 but have not found it4 ,o eternal everywhere1 ,o eternal nowhere1 ,o eternal--in-vain60 ,thus spake the shadow1 and ,zarathustra's countenance lengthened at his words4 8,thou art my shadow60 said he at last sadly4 8,thy danger is not small1 thou free spirit and wanderer6 ,thou hast had a bad day3 see that a still worse evening doth not overtake thee6 ,to such unsettled ones as thou1 seemeth at last even a prisoner blessed4 ,didst thou ever see how captured criminals sleep8 ,they sleep quietly1 they enjoy their new security4 ,beware lest in the end a narrow faith capture thee1 a hard1 rigorous delusion6 ,for now everything that is narrow and fixed seduceth and tempteth thee4 ,thou hast lost thy goal4 ,alas1 how wilt thou forego and forget that loss8 ,thereby--hast thou also lost thy way6 ,thou poor rover and rambler1 thou tired butterfly6 wilt thou have a rest and a home this evening8 ,then go up to my cave6 ,thither leadeth the way to my cave4 ,and now will ,i run quickly away from thee again4 ,already lieth as it were a shadow upon me4 ,i will run alone1 so that it may again become bright around me4 ,therefore must ,i still be a long time merrily upon my legs4 ,in the evening1 however1 there will be--dancing with me60-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,lxx4 ,,noontide4 --,and ,zarathustra ran and ran1 but he found no one else1 and was alone and ever found himself again2 he enjoyed and quaffed his solitude1 and thought of good things--for hours4 ,about the hour of noontide1 however1 when the sun stood exactly over ,zarathustra's head1 he passed an old1 bent and gnarled tree1 which was encircled round by the ardent love of a vine1 and hidden from itself2 from this there hung yellow grapes in abundance1 confronting the wanderer4 ,then he felt inclined to quench a little thirst1 and to break off for himself a cluster of grapes4 ,when1 however1 he had already his arm outstretched for that purpose1 he felt still more inclined for something else--namely1 to lie down beside the tree at the hour of perfect noontide and sleep4 ,this ,zarathustra did2 and no sooner had he laid himself on the ground in the stillness and secrecy of the variegated grass1 than he had forgotten his little thirst1 and fell asleep4 ,for as the proverb of ,zarathustra saith3 8,one thing is more necessary than the other40 ,only that his eyes remained open3--for they never grew weary of viewing and admiring the tree and the love of the vine4 ,in falling asleep1 however1 ,zarathustra spake thus to his heart3 8,hush6 ,hush6 ,hath not the world now become perfect8 ,what hath happened unto me8 ,as a delicate wind danceth invisibly upon parqueted seas1 light1 feather-light1 so--danceth sleep upon me4 ,no eye doth it close to me1 it leaveth my soul awake4 ,light is it1 verily1 feather-light4 ,it persuadeth me1 ,i know not how1 it toucheth me inwardly with a caressing hand1 it constraineth me4 ,yea1 it constraineth me1 so that my soul stretcheth itself out3-- --,how long and weary it becometh1 my strange soul6 ,hath a seventh-day evening come to it precisely at noontide8 ,hath it already wandered too long1 blissfully1 among good and ripe things8 ,it stretcheth itself out1 long--longer6 it lieth still1 my strange soul4 ,too many good things hath it already tasted2 this golden sadness oppresseth it1 it distorteth its mouth4 --,as a ship that putteth into the calmest cove3--it now draweth up to the land1 weary of long voyages and uncertain seas4 ,is not the land more faithful8 ,as such a ship huggeth the shore1 tuggeth the shore3--then it sufficeth for a spider to spin its thread from the ship to the land4 ,no stronger ropes are required there4 ,as such a weary ship in the calmest cove1 so do ,i also now repose1 nigh to the earth1 faithful1 trusting1 waiting1 bound to it with the lightest threads4 ,o happiness6 ,o happiness6 ,wilt thou perhaps sing1 ,o my soul8 ,thou liest in the grass4 ,but this is the secret1 solemn hour1 when no shepherd playeth his pipe4 ,take care6 ,hot noontide sleepeth on the fields4 ,do not sing6 ,hush6 ,the world is perfect4 ,do not sing1 thou prairie-bird1 my soul6 ,do not even whisper6 ,lo--hush6 ,the old noontide sleepeth1 it moveth its mouth3 doth it not just now drink a drop of happiness-- --,an old brown drop of golden happiness1 golden wine8 ,something whisketh over it1 its happiness laugheth4 ,thus--laugheth a ,god4 ,hush6-- --#8,for happiness1 how little sufficeth for happiness6' ,thus spake ,i once and thought myself wise4 ,but it was a blasphemy3 ,,that have ,i now learned4 ,wise fools speak better4 ,the least thing precisely1 the gentlest thing1 the lightest thing1 a lizard's rustling1 a breath1 a whisk1 an eye-glance--,,little maketh up the ,,best happiness4 ,hush6 --,what hath befallen me3 ,hark6 ,hath time flown away8 ,do ,i not fall8 ,have ,i not fallen--hark6 into the well of eternity8 --,what happeneth to me8 ,hush6 ,it stingeth me--alas--to the heart8 ,to the heart6 ,oh1 break up1 break up1 my heart1 after such happiness1 after such a sting6 --,what8 ,hath not the world just now become perfect8 ,round and ripe8 ,oh1 for the golden round ring--whither doth it fly8 ,let me run after it6 ,quick6 ,hush--0 7and here ,zarathustra stretched himself1 and felt that he was asleep47 8,up60 said he to himself1 8thou sleeper6 ,thou noontide sleeper6 ,well then1 up1 ye old legs6 ,it is time and more than time2 many a good stretch of road is still awaiting you-- ,now have ye slept your fill2 for how long a time8 ,a half-eternity6 ,well then1 up now1 mine old heart6 ,for how long after such a sleep mayest thou--remain awake80 7,but then did he fall asleep anew1 and his soul spake against him and defended itself1 and lay down again7--8,leave me alone6 ,hush6 ,hath not the world just now become perfect8 ,oh1 for the golden round ball6-- 8,get up10 said ,zarathustra1 8thou little thief1 thou sluggard6 ,what6 ,still stretching thyself1 yawning1 sighing1 falling into deep wells8 ,who art thou then1 ,o my soul60 7and here he became frightened1 for a sunbeam shot down from heaven upon his face47 8,o heaven above me10 said he sighing1 and sat upright1 8thou gazest at me8 ,thou hearkenest unto my strange soul8 ,when wilt thou drink this drop of dew that fell down upon all earthly things1--when wilt thou drink this strange soul-- --,when1 thou well of eternity6 thou joyous1 awful1 noontide abyss6 when wilt thou drink my soul back into thee80 ,thus spake ,zarathustra1 and rose from his couch beside the tree1 as if awakening from a strange drunkenness3 and behold6 there stood the sun still exactly above his head4 ,one might1 however1 rightly infer therefrom that ,zarathustra had not then slept long4 ,,lxxi4 ,,the ,,greeting4 ,it was late in the afternoon only when ,zarathustra1 after long useless searching and strolling about1 again came home to his cave4 ,when1 however1 he stood over against it1 not more than twenty paces therefrom1 the thing happened which he now least of all expected3 he heard anew the great ,,cry ,,of ,,distress4 ,and extraordinary6 this time the cry came out of his own cave4 ,it was a long1 manifold1 peculiar cry1 and ,zarathustra plainly distinguished that it was composed of many voices3 although heard at a distance it might sound like the cry out of a single mouth4 ,thereupon ,zarathustra rushed forward to his cave1 and behold6 what a spectacle awaited him after that concert6 ,for there did they all sit together whom he had passed during the day3 the king on the right and the king on the left1 the old magician1 the pope1 the voluntary beggar1 the shadow1 the intellectually conscientious one1 the sorrowful soothsayer1 and the ass2 the ugliest man1 however1 had set a crown on his head1 and had put round him two purple girdles1--for he liked1 like all ugly ones1 to disguise himself and play the handsome person4 ,in the midst1 however1 of that sorrowful company stood ,zarathustra's eagle1 ruffled and disquieted1 for it had been called upon to answer too much for which its pride had not any answer2 the wise serpent however hung round its neck4 ,all this did ,zarathustra behold with great astonishment2 then however he scrutinised each individual guest with courteous curiosity1 read their souls and wondered anew4 ,in the meantime the assembled ones had risen from their seats1 and waited with reverence for ,zarathustra to speak4 ,zarathustra however spake thus3 8,ye despairing ones6 ,ye strange ones6 ,so it was ,,your cry of distress that ,i heard8 ,and now do ,i know also where he is to be sought1 whom ,i have sought for in vain to-day3 ,,the ,,higher ,,man--3 --,in mine own cave sitteth he1 the higher man6 ,but why do ,i wonder6 ,have not ,i myself allured him to me by honey-offerings and artful lure-calls of my happiness8 ,but it seemeth to me that ye are badly adapted for company3 ye make one another's hearts fretful1 ye that cry for help1 when ye sit here together8 ,there is one that must first come1 --,one who will make you laugh once more1 a good jovial buffoon1 a dancer1 a wind1 a wild romp1 some old fool3--what think ye8 ,forgive me1 however1 ye despairing ones1 for speaking such trivial words before you1 unworthy1 verily1 of such guests6 ,but ye do not divine ,,what maketh my heart wanton3-- --,ye yourselves do it1 and your aspect1 forgive it me6 ,for every one becometh courageous who beholdeth a despairing one4 ,to encourage a despairing one--every one thinketh himself strong enough to do so4 ,to myself have ye given this power1--a good gift1 mine honourable guests6 ,an excellent guest's-present6 ,well1 do not then upbraid when ,i also offer you something of mine4 ,this is mine empire and my dominion3 that which is mine1 however1 shall this evening and to-night be yours4 ,mine animals shall serve you3 let my cave be your resting-place6 ,at house and home with me shall no one despair3 in my purlieus do ,i protect every one from his wild beasts4 ,and that is the first thing which ,i offer you3 security6 ,the second thing1 however1 is my little finger4 ,and when ye have ,,that1 then take the whole hand also1 yea1 and the heart with it6 ,welcome here1 welcome to you1 my guests60 ,thus spake ,zarathustra1 and laughed with love and mischief4 ,after this greeting his guests bowed once more and were reverentially silent2 the king on the right1 however1 answered him in their name4 8,o ,zarathustra1 by the way in which thou hast given us thy hand and thy greeting1 we recognise thee as ,zarathustra4 ,thou hast humbled thyself before us2 almost hast thou hurt our reverence--3 --,who however could have humbled himself as thou hast done1 with such pride8 ,,that uplifteth us ourselves2 a refreshment is it1 to our eyes and hearts4 ,to behold this1 merely1 gladly would we ascend higher mountains than this4 ,for as eager beholders have we come2 we wanted to see what brighteneth dim eyes4 ,and lo6 now is it all over with our cries of distress4 ,now are our minds and hearts open and enraptured4 ,little is lacking for our spirits to become wanton4 ,there is nothing1 ,o ,zarathustra1 that groweth more pleasingly on earth than a lofty1 strong will3 it is the finest growth4 ,an entire landscape refresheth itself at one such tree4 ,to the pine do ,i compare him1 ,o ,zarathustra1 which groweth up like thee--tall1 silent1 hardy1 solitary1 of the best1 supplest wood1 stately1-- --,in the end1 however1 grasping out for ,,its dominion with strong1 green branches1 asking weighty questions of the wind1 the storm1 and whatever is at home on high places2 --,answering more weightily1 a commander1 a victor6 ,oh6 who should not ascend high mountains to behold such growths8 ,at thy tree1 ,o ,zarathustra1 the gloomy and ill-constituted also refresh themselves2 at thy look even the wavering become steady and heal their hearts4 ,and verily1 towards thy mountain and thy tree do many eyes turn to-day2 a great longing hath arisen1 and many have learned to ask3 #8,who is ,zarathustra8' ,and those into whose ears thou hast at any time dripped thy song and thy honey3 all the hidden ones1 the lone-dwellers and the twain-dwellers1 have simultaneously said to their hearts3 #8,doth ,zarathustra still live8 ,it is no longer worth while to live1 everything is indifferent1 everything is useless3 or else--we must live with ,zarathustra6' #8,why doth he not come who hath so long announced himself8' thus do many people ask2 #8hath solitude swallowed him up8 ,or should we perhaps go to him8' ,now doth it come to pass that solitude itself becometh fragile and breaketh open1 like a grave that breaketh open and can no longer hold its dead4 ,everywhere one seeth resurrected ones4 ,now do the waves rise and rise around thy mountain1 ,o ,zarathustra4 ,and however high be thy height1 many of them must rise up to thee3 thy boat shall not rest much longer on dry ground4 ,and that we despairing ones have now come into thy cave1 and already no longer despair3--it is but a prognostic and a presage that better ones are on the way to thee1-- --,for they themselves are on the way to thee1 the last remnant of ,god among men--that is to say1 all the men of great longing1 of great loathing1 of great satiety1 --,all who do not want to live unless they learn again to ,,hope--unless they learn from thee1 ,o ,zarathustra1 the ,,great hope60 ,thus spake the king on the right1 and seized the hand of ,zarathustra in order to kiss it2 but ,zarathustra checked his veneration1 and stepped back frightened1 fleeing as it were1 silently and suddenly into the far distance4 ,after a little while1 however1 he was again at home with his guests1 looked at them with clear scrutinising eyes1 and said3 8,my guests1 ye higher men1 ,i will speak plain language and plainly with you4 ,it is not for ,,you that ,i have waited here in these mountains40 78#8,plain language and plainly8' ,good ,god60 said here the king on the left to himself2 8one seeth he doth not know the good ,occidentals1 this sage out of the ,orient6 ,but he meaneth #8blunt language and bluntly'--well6 ,that is not the worst taste in these days607 8,ye may1 verily1 all of you be higher men10 continued ,zarathustra2 8but for me--ye are neither high enough1 nor strong enough4 ,for me1 that is to say1 for the inexorable which is now silent in me1 but will not always be silent4 ,and if ye appertain to me1 still it is not as my right arm4 ,for he who himself standeth1 like you1 on sickly and tender legs1 wisheth above all to be ,,treated ,,indulgently1 whether he be conscious of it or hide it from himself4 ,my arms and my legs1 however1 ,i do not treat indulgently1 ,i ,,do ,,not ,,treat ,,my ,,warriors ,,indulgently3 how then could ye be fit for ,,my warfare8 ,with you ,i should spoil all my victories4 ,and many of you would tumble over if ye but heard the loud beating of my drums4 ,moreover1 ye are not sufficiently beautiful and well-born for me4 ,i require pure1 smooth mirrors for my doctrines2 on your surface even mine own likeness is distorted4 ,on your shoulders presseth many a burden1 many a recollection2 many a mischievous dwarf squatteth in your corners4 ,there is concealed populace also in you4 ,and though ye be high and of a higher type1 much in you is crooked and misshapen4 ,there is no smith in the world that could hammer you right and straight for me4 ,ye are only bridges3 may higher ones pass over upon you6 ,ye signify steps3 so do not upbraid him who ascendeth beyond you into ,,his height6 ,out of your seed there may one day arise for me a genuine son and perfect heir3 but that time is distant4 ,ye yourselves are not those unto whom my heritage and name belong4 ,not for you do ,i wait here in these mountains2 not with you may ,i descend for the last time4 ,ye have come unto me only as a presage that higher ones are on the way to me1-- --,,not the men of great longing1 of great loathing1 of great satiety1 and that which ye call the remnant of ,god2 --,nay6 ,nay6 ,three times ,nay6 ,for ,,others do ,i wait here in these mountains1 and will not lift my foot from thence without them2 --,for higher ones1 stronger ones1 triumphanter ones1 merrier ones1 for such as are built squarely in body and soul3 ,,laughing ,,lions must come6 ,o my guests1 ye strange ones--have ye yet heard nothing of my children8 ,and that they are on the way to me8 ,do speak unto me of my gardens1 of my ,happy ,isles1 of my new beautiful race--why do ye not speak unto me thereof8 ,this guests'-present do ,i solicit of your love1 that ye speak unto me of my children4 ,for them am ,i rich1 for them ,i became poor3 what have ,i not surrendered1 --,what would ,i not surrender that ,i might have one thing3 ,,these children1 ,,this living plantation1 ,,these life-trees of my will and of my highest hope60 ,thus spake ,zarathustra1 and stopped suddenly in his discourse3 for his longing came over him1 and he closed his eyes and his mouth1 because of the agitation of his heart4 ,and all his guests also were silent1 and stood still and confounded3 except only that the old soothsayer made signs with his hands and his gestures4 ,,lxxii4 ,,the ,,supper4 ,for at this point the soothsayer interrupted the greeting of ,zarathustra and his guests3 he pressed forward as one who had no time to lose1 seized ,zarathustra's hand and exclaimed3 8,but ,zarathustra6 ,one thing is more necessary than the other1 so sayest thou thyself3 well1 one thing is now more necessary ,,unto ,,me than all others4 ,a word at the right time3 didst thou not invite me to ,,table8 ,and here are many who have made long journeys4 ,thou dost not mean to feed us merely with discourses8 ,besides1 all of you have thought too much about freezing1 drowning1 suffocating1 and other bodily dangers3 none of you1 however1 have thought of ,,my danger1 namely1 perishing of hunger--0 7,thus spake the soothsayer4 ,when ,zarathustra's animals1 however1 heard these words1 they ran away in terror4 ,for they saw that all they had brought home during the day would not be enough to fill the one soothsayer47 8,likewise perishing of thirst10 continued the soothsayer4 8,and although ,i hear water splashing here like words of wisdom--that is to say1 plenteously and unweariedly1 ,i--want ,,wine6 ,not every one is a born water-drinker like ,zarathustra4 ,neither doth water suit weary and withered ones3 ,,we deserve wine--,,it alone giveth immediate vigour and improvised health60 ,on this occasion1 when the soothsayer was longing for wine1 it happened that the king on the left1 the silent one1 also found expression for once4 8,,we took care10 said he1 8about wine1 ,i1 along with my brother the king on the right3 we have enough of wine1--a whole ass-load of it4 ,so there is nothing lacking but bread40 8,bread10 replied ,zarathustra1 laughing when he spake1 8it is precisely bread that anchorites have not4 ,but man doth not live by bread alone1 but also by the flesh of good lambs1 of which ,i have two3 --,,these shall we slaughter quickly1 and cook spicily with sage3 it is so that ,i like them4 ,and there is also no lack of roots and fruits1 good enough even for the fastidious and dainty1--nor of nuts and other riddles for cracking4 ,thus will we have a good repast in a little while4 ,but whoever wish to eat with us must also give a hand to the work1 even the kings4 ,for with ,zarathustra even a king may be a cook40 ,this proposal appealed to the hearts of all of them1 save that the voluntary beggar objected to the flesh and wine and spices4 8,just hear this glutton ,zarathustra60 said he jokingly3 8doth one go into caves and high mountains to make such repasts8 ,now indeed do ,i understand what he once taught us3 ,blessed be moderate poverty6' ,and why he wisheth to do away with beggars40 8,be of good cheer10 replied ,zarathustra1 8as ,i am4 ,abide by thy customs1 thou excellent one3 grind thy corn1 drink thy water1 praise thy cooking1--if only it make thee glad6 ,i am a law only for mine own2 ,i am not a law for all4 ,he1 however1 who belongeth unto me must be strong of bone and light of foot1-- --,joyous in fight and feast1 no sulker1 no ,john o' ,dreams1 ready for the hardest task as for the feast1 healthy and hale4 ,the best belongeth unto mine and me2 and if it be not given us1 then do we take it3--the best food1 the purest sky1 the strongest thoughts1 the fairest women60-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra2 the king on the right however answered and said3 8,strange6 ,did one ever hear such sensible things out of the mouth of a wise man8 ,and verily1 it is the strangest thing in a wise man1 if over and above1 he be still sensible1 and not an ass40 ,thus spake the king on the right and wondered2 the ass however1 with ill-will1 said ,,ye-,a to his remark4 ,this however was the beginning of that long repast which is called 8,the ,supper0 in the history-books4 ,at this there was nothing else spoken of but ,,the ,,higher ,,man4 ,,lxxiii4 ,,the ,,higher ,,man4 #a4 ,when ,i came unto men for the first time1 then did ,i commit the anchorite folly1 the great folly3 ,i appeared on the market-place4 ,and when ,i spake unto all1 ,i spake unto none4 ,in the evening1 however1 rope-dancers were my companions1 and corpses2 and ,i myself almost a corpse4 ,with the new morning1 however1 there came unto me a new truth3 then did ,i learn to say3 8,of what account to me are market-place and populace and populace-noise and long populace-ears60 ,ye higher men1 learn ,,this from me3 ,on the market-place no one believeth in higher men4 ,but if ye will speak there1 very well6 ,the populace1 however1 blinketh3 8,we are all equal40 8,ye higher men10--so blinketh the populace--8there are no higher men1 we are all equal2 man is man1 before ,god--we are all equal60 ,before ,god6--,now1 however1 this ,god hath died4 ,before the populace1 however1 we will not be equal4 ,ye higher men1 away from the market-place6 #b4 ,before ,god6--,now however this ,god hath died6 ,ye higher men1 this ,god was your greatest danger4 ,only since he lay in the grave have ye again arisen4 ,now only cometh the great noontide1 now only doth the higher man become--master6 ,have ye understood this word1 ,o my brethren8 ,ye are frightened3 do your hearts turn giddy8 ,doth the abyss here yawn for you8 ,doth the hell-hound here yelp at you8 ,well6 ,take heart6 ye higher men6 ,now only travaileth the mountain of the human future4 ,god hath died3 now do ,,we desire--the ,superman to live4 #c4 ,the most careful ask to-day3 8,how is man to be maintained80 ,zarathustra however asketh1 as the first and only one3 8,how is man to be ,,surpassed80 ,the ,superman1 ,i have at heart2 ,,that is the first and only thing to me--and ,,not man3 not the neighbour1 not the poorest1 not the sorriest1 not the best4-- ,o my brethren1 what ,i can love in man is that he is an over-going and a down-going4 ,and also in you there is much that maketh me love and hope4 ,in that ye have despised1 ye higher men1 that maketh me hope4 ,for the great despisers are the great reverers4 ,in that ye have despaired1 there is much to honour4 ,for ye have not learned to submit yourselves1 ye have not learned petty policy4 ,for to-day have the petty people become master3 they all preach submission and humility and policy and diligence and consideration and the long et cetera of petty virtues4 ,whatever is of the effeminate type1 whatever originateth from the servile type1 and especially the populace-mishmash3--,,that wisheth now to be master of all human destiny--,o disgust6 ,disgust6 ,disgust6 ,,that asketh and asketh and never tireth3 8,how is man to maintain himself best1 longest1 most pleasantly80 ,thereby--are they the masters of to-day4 ,these masters of to-day--surpass them1 ,o my brethren--these petty people3 ,,they are the ,superman's greatest danger6 ,surpass1 ye higher men1 the petty virtues1 the petty policy1 the sand-grain considerateness1 the ant-hill trumpery1 the pitiable comfortableness1 the 8happiness of the greatest number0--6 ,and rather despair than submit yourselves4 ,and verily1 ,i love you1 because ye know not to-day how to live1 ye higher men6 ,for thus do ,,ye live--best6 #d4 ,have ye courage1 ,o my brethren8 ,are ye stout-hearted8 ,,not the courage before witnesses1 but anchorite and eagle courage1 which not even a ,god any longer beholdeth8 ,cold souls1 mules1 the blind and the drunken1 ,i do not call stout-hearted4 ,he hath heart who knoweth fear1 but ,,vanquisheth it2 who seeth the abyss1 but with ,,pride4 ,he who seeth the abyss1 but with eagle's eyes1--he who with eagle's talons ,,graspeth the abyss3 he hath courage4-- #e4 8,man is evil0--so said to me for consolation1 all the wisest ones4 ,ah1 if only it be still true to-day6 ,for the evil is man's best force4 8,man must become better and eviler0--so do ,i teach4 ,the evilest is necessary for the ,superman's best4 ,it may have been well for the preacher of the petty people to suffer and be burdened by men's sin4 ,i1 however1 rejoice in great sin as my great ,,consolation4-- ,such things1 however1 are not said for long ears4 ,every word1 also1 is not suited for every mouth4 ,these are fine far-away things3 at them sheep's claws shall not grasp6 #f4 ,ye higher men1 think ye that ,i am here to put right what ye have put wrong8 ,or that ,i wished henceforth to make snugger couches for you sufferers8 ,or show you restless1 miswandering1 misclimbing ones1 new and easier footpaths8 ,nay6 ,nay6 ,three times ,nay6 ,always more1 always better ones of your type shall succumb1--for ye shall always have it worse and harder4 ,thus only-- --,thus only groweth man aloft to the height where the lightning striketh and shattereth him3 high enough for the lightning6 ,towards the few1 the long1 the remote go forth my soul and my seeking3 of what account to me are your many little1 short miseries6 ,ye do not yet suffer enough for me6 ,for ye suffer from yourselves1 ye have not yet suffered ,,from ,,man4 ,ye would lie if ye spake otherwise6 ,none of you suffereth from what ,i have suffered4-- #g4 ,it is not enough for me that the lightning no longer doeth harm4 ,i do not wish to conduct it away3 it shall learn--to work for ,,me4-- ,my wisdom hath accumulated long like a cloud1 it becometh stiller and darker4 ,so doeth all wisdom which shall one day bear ,,lightnings4-- ,unto these men of to-day will ,i not be ,,light1 nor be called light4 ,,them--will ,i blind3 lightning of my wisdom6 put out their eyes6 #h4 ,do not will anything beyond your power3 there is a bad falseness in those who will beyond their power4 ,especially when they will great things6 ,for they awaken distrust in great things1 these subtle false-coiners and stage-players3-- --,until at last they are false towards themselves1 squint-eyed1 whited cankers1 glossed over with strong words1 parade virtues and brilliant false deeds4 ,take good care there1 ye higher men6 ,for nothing is more precious to me1 and rarer1 than honesty4 ,is this to-day not that of the populace8 ,the populace however knoweth not what is great and what is small1 what is straight and what is honest3 it is innocently crooked1 it ever lieth4 #i4 ,have a good distrust to-day ye1 higher men1 ye enheartened ones6 ,ye open-hearted ones6 ,and keep your reasons secret6 ,for this to-day is that of the populace4 ,what the populace once learned to believe without reasons1 who could-- refute it to them by means of reasons8 ,and on the market-place one convinceth with gestures4 ,but reasons make the populace distrustful4 ,and when truth hath once triumphed there1 then ask yourselves with good distrust3 8,what strong error hath fought for it80 ,be on your guard also against the learned6 ,they hate you1 because they are unproductive6 ,they have cold1 withered eyes before which every bird is unplumed4 ,such persons vaunt about not lying3 but inability to lie is still far from being love to truth4 ,be on your guard6 ,freedom from fever is still far from being knowledge6 ,refrigerated spirits ,i do not believe in4 ,he who cannot lie1 doth not know what truth is4 #aj4 ,if ye would go up high1 then use your own legs6 ,do not get yourselves ,,carried aloft2 do not seat yourselves on other people's backs and heads6 ,thou hast mounted1 however1 on horseback8 ,thou now ridest briskly up to thy goal8 ,well1 my friend6 ,but thy lame foot is also with thee on horseback6 ,when thou reachest thy goal1 when thou alightest from thy horse3 precisely on thy ,,height1 thou higher man1--then wilt thou stumble6 #aa4 ,ye creating ones1 ye higher men6 ,one is only pregnant with one's own child4 ,do not let yourselves be imposed upon or put upon6 ,who then is ,,your neighbour8 ,even if ye act 8for your neighbour0--ye still do not create for him6 ,unlearn1 ,i pray you1 this 8for10 ye creating ones3 your very virtue wisheth you to have naught to do with 8for0 and 8on account of0 and 8because40 ,against these false little words shall ye stop your ears4 8,for one's neighbour10 is the virtue only of the petty people3 there it is said 8like and like10 and 8hand washeth hand03--they have neither the right nor the power for ,,your self-seeking6 ,in your self-seeking1 ye creating ones1 there is the foresight and foreseeing of the pregnant6 ,what no one's eye hath yet seen1 namely1 the fruit--this1 sheltereth and saveth and nourisheth your entire love4 ,where your entire love is1 namely1 with your child1 there is also your entire virtue6 ,your work1 your will is ,,your 8neighbour03 let no false values impose upon you6 #ab4 ,ye creating ones1 ye higher men6 ,whoever hath to give birth is sick2 whoever hath given birth1 however1 is unclean4 ,ask women3 one giveth birth1 not because it giveth pleasure4 ,the pain maketh hens and poets cackle4 ,ye creating ones1 in you there is much uncleanliness4 ,that is because ye have had to be mothers4 ,a new child3 oh1 how much new filth hath also come into the world6 ,go apart6 ,he who hath given birth shall wash his soul6 #ac4 ,be not virtuous beyond your powers6 ,and seek nothing from yourselves opposed to probability6 ,walk in the footsteps in which your fathers' virtue hath already walked6 ,how would ye rise high1 if your fathers' will should not rise with you8 ,he1 however1 who would be a firstling1 let him take care lest he also become a lastling6 ,and where the vices of your fathers are1 there should ye not set up as saints6 ,he whose fathers were inclined for women1 and for strong wine and flesh of wildboar swine2 what would it be if he demanded chastity of himself8 ,a folly would it be6 ,much1 verily1 doth it seem to me for such a one1 if he should be the husband of one or of two or of three women4 ,and if he founded monasteries1 and inscribed over their portals3 8,the way to holiness10--,i should still say3 ,what good is it6 it is a new folly6 ,he hath founded for himself a penance-house and refuge-house3 much good may it do6 ,but ,i do not believe in it4 ,in solitude there groweth what any one bringeth into it--also the brute in one's nature4 ,thus is solitude inadvisable unto many4 ,hath there ever been anything filthier on earth than the saints of the wilderness8 ,,around ,,them was not only the devil loose--but also the swine4 #ad4 ,shy1 ashamed1 awkward1 like the tiger whose spring hath failed--thus1 ye higher men1 have ,i often seen you slink aside4 ,a ,,cast which ye made had failed4 ,but what doth it matter1 ye dice-players6 ,ye had not learned to play and mock1 as one must play and mock6 ,do we not ever sit at a great table of mocking and playing8 ,and if great things have been a failure with you1 have ye yourselves therefore--been a failure8 ,and if ye yourselves have been a failure1 hath man therefore--been a failure8 ,if man1 however1 hath been a failure3 well then6 never mind6 #ae4 ,the higher its type1 always the seldomer doth a thing succeed4 ,ye higher men here1 have ye not all--been failures8 ,be of good cheer2 what doth it matter8 ,how much is still possible6 ,learn to laugh at yourselves1 as ye ought to laugh6 ,what wonder even that ye have failed and only half-succeeded1 ye half-shattered ones6 ,doth not--man's ,,future strive and struggle in you8 ,man's furthest1 profoundest1 star-highest issues1 his prodigious powers--do not all these foam through one another in your vessel8 ,what wonder that many a vessel shattereth6 ,learn to laugh at yourselves1 as ye ought to laugh6 ,ye higher men1 ,o1 how much is still possible6 ,and verily1 how much hath already succeeded6 ,how rich is this earth in small1 good1 perfect things1 in well-constituted things6 ,set around you small1 good1 perfect things1 ye higher men4 ,their golden maturity healeth the heart4 ,the perfect teacheth one to hope4 #af4 ,what hath hitherto been the greatest sin here on earth8 ,was it not the word of him who said3 8,woe unto them that laugh now60 ,did he himself find no cause for laughter on the earth8 ,then he sought badly4 ,a child even findeth cause for it4 ,he--did not love sufficiently3 otherwise would he also have loved us1 the laughing ones6 ,but he hated and hooted us2 wailing and teeth-gnashing did he promise us4 ,must one then curse immediately1 when one doth not love8 ,that--seemeth to me bad taste4 ,thus did he1 however1 this absolute one4 ,he sprang from the populace4 ,and he himself just did not love sufficiently2 otherwise would he have raged less because people did not love him4 ,all great love doth not ,,seek love3--it seeketh more4 ,go out of the way of all such absolute ones6 ,they are a poor sickly type1 a populace-type3 they look at this life with ill-will1 they have an evil eye for this earth4 ,go out of the way of all such absolute ones6 ,they have heavy feet and sultry hearts3--they do not know how to dance4 ,how could the earth be light to such ones6 #ag4 ,tortuously do all good things come nigh to their goal4 ,like cats they curve their backs1 they purr inwardly with their approaching happiness1--all good things laugh4 ,his step betrayeth whether a person already walketh on ,,his ,,own path3 just see me walk6 ,he1 however1 who cometh nigh to his goal1 danceth4 ,and verily1 a statue have ,i not become1 not yet do ,i stand there stiff1 stupid and stony1 like a pillar2 ,i love fast racing4 ,and though there be on earth fens and dense afflictions1 he who hath light feet runneth even across the mud1 and danceth1 as upon well-swept ice4 ,lift up your hearts1 my brethren1 high1 higher6 ,and do not forget your legs6 ,lift up also your legs1 ye good dancers1 and better still1 if ye stand upon your heads6 #ah4 ,this crown of the laughter1 this rose-garland crown3 ,i myself have put on this crown1 ,i myself have consecrated my laughter4 ,no one else have ,i found to-day potent enough for this4 ,zarathustra the dancer1 ,zarathustra the light one1 who beckoneth with his pinions1 one ready for flight1 beckoning unto all birds1 ready and prepared1 a blissfully light-spirited one3-- ,zarathustra the soothsayer1 ,zarathustra the sooth-laugher1 no impatient one1 no absolute one1 one who loveth leaps and side-leaps2 ,i myself have put on this crown6 #ai4 ,lift up your hearts1 my brethren1 high1 higher6 ,and do not forget your legs6 ,lift up also your legs1 ye good dancers1 and better still if ye stand upon your heads6 ,there are also heavy animals in a state of happiness1 there are club-footed ones from the beginning4 ,curiously do they exert themselves1 like an elephant which endeavoureth to stand upon its head4 ,better1 however1 to be foolish with happiness than foolish with misfortune1 better to dance awkwardly than walk lamely4 ,so learn1 ,i pray you1 my wisdom1 ye higher men3 even the worst thing hath two good reverse sides1-- --,even the worst thing hath good dancing-legs3 so learn1 ,i pray you1 ye higher men1 to put yourselves on your proper legs6 ,so unlearn1 ,i pray you1 the sorrow-sighing1 and all the populace-sadness6 ,oh1 how sad the buffoons of the populace seem to me to-day6 ,this to-day1 however1 is that of the populace4 #bj4 ,do like unto the wind when it rusheth forth from its mountain-caves3 unto its own piping will it dance2 the seas tremble and leap under its footsteps4 ,that which giveth wings to asses1 that which milketh the lionesses3-- praised be that good1 unruly spirit1 which cometh like a hurricane unto all the present and unto all the populace1-- --,which is hostile to thistle-heads and puzzle-heads1 and to all withered leaves and weeds3--praised be this wild1 good1 free spirit of the storm1 which danceth upon fens and afflictions1 as upon meadows6 ,which hateth the consumptive populace-dogs1 and all the ill-constituted1 sullen brood3--praised be this spirit of all free spirits1 the laughing storm1 which bloweth dust into the eyes of all the melanopic and melancholic6 ,ye higher men1 the worst thing in you is that ye have none of you learned to dance as ye ought to dance--to dance beyond yourselves6 ,what doth it matter that ye have failed6 ,how many things are still possible6 ,so ,,learn to laugh beyond yourselves6 ,lift up your hearts1 ye good dancers1 high6 higher6 ,and do not forget the good laughter6 ,this crown of the laughter1 this rose-garland crown3 to you my brethren do ,i cast this crown6 ,laughing have ,i consecrated2 ye higher men1 ,,learn1 ,i pray you--to laugh6 ,,lxxiv4 ,,the ,,song ,,of ,,melancholy4 #a4 ,when ,zarathustra spake these sayings1 he stood nigh to the entrance of his cave2 with the last words1 however1 he slipped away from his guests1 and fled for a little while into the open air4 8,o pure odours around me10 cried he1 8,o blessed stillness around me6 ,but where are mine animals8 ,hither1 hither1 mine eagle and my serpent6 ,tell me1 mine animals3 these higher men1 all of them--do they perhaps not ,,smell well8 ,o pure odours around me6 ,now only do ,i know and feel how ,i love you1 mine animals40 --,and ,zarathustra said once more3 8,i love you1 mine animals60 ,the eagle1 however1 and the serpent pressed close to him when he spake these words1 and looked up to him4 ,in this attitude were they all three silent together1 and sniffed and sipped the good air with one another4 ,for the air here outside was better than with the higher men4 #b4 ,hardly1 however1 had ,zarathustra left the cave when the old magician got up1 looked cunningly about him1 and said3 8,he is gone6 ,and already1 ye higher men--let me tickle you with this complimentary and flattering name1 as he himself doeth--already doth mine evil spirit of deceit and magic attack me1 my melancholy devil1 --,which is an adversary to this ,zarathustra from the very heart3 forgive it for this6 ,now doth it wish to conjure before you1 it hath just ,,its hour2 in vain do ,i struggle with this evil spirit4 ,unto all of you1 whatever honours ye like to assume in your names1 whether ye call yourselves #8the free spirits' or #8the conscientious1' or #8the penitents of the spirit1' or #8the unfettered1' or #8the great longers1'-- --,unto all of you1 who like me suffer ,,from ,,the ,,great ,,loathing1 to whom the old ,god hath died1 and as yet no new ,god lieth in cradles and swaddling clothes--unto all of you is mine evil spirit and magic-devil favourable4 ,i know you1 ye higher men1 ,i know him1--,i know also this fiend whom ,i love in spite of me1 this ,zarathustra3 he himself often seemeth to me like the beautiful mask of a saint1 --,like a new strange mummery in which mine evil spirit1 the melancholy devil1 delighteth3--,i love ,zarathustra1 so doth it often seem to me1 for the sake of mine evil spirit4-- ,but already doth ,,it attack me and constrain me1 this spirit of melancholy1 this evening-twilight devil3 and verily1 ye higher men1 it hath a longing-- --,open your eyes6--it hath a longing to come ,,naked1 whether male or female1 ,i do not yet know3 but it cometh1 it constraineth me1 alas6 open your wits6 ,the day dieth out1 unto all things cometh now the evening1 also unto the best things2 hear now1 and see1 ye higher men1 what devil--man or woman--this spirit of evening-melancholy is60 ,thus spake the old magician1 looked cunningly about him1 and then seized his harp4 #c4 ,in evening's limpid air1 ,what time the dew's soothings ,unto the earth downpour1 ,invisibly and unheard-- ,for tender shoe-gear wear ,the soothing dews1 like all that's kind-gentle--3 ,bethinkst thou then1 bethinkst thou1 burning heart1 ,how once thou thirstedest ,for heaven's kindly teardrops and dew's down-droppings1 ,all singed and weary thirstedest1 ,what time on yellow grass-pathways ,wicked1 occidental sunny glances ,through sombre trees about thee sported1 ,blindingly sunny glow-glances1 gladly-hurting8 8,of ,,truth the wooer8 ,thou80--so taunted they-- 8,nay6 ,merely poet6 ,a brute insidious1 plundering1 grovelling1 ,that aye must lie1 ,that wittingly1 wilfully1 aye must lie3 ,for booty lusting1 ,motley masked1 ,self-hidden1 shrouded1 ,himself his booty-- ,,he--of truth the wooer8 ,nay6 ,mere fool6 ,mere poet6 ,just motley speaking1 ,from mask of fool confusedly shouting1 ,circumambling on fabricated word-bridges1 ,on motley rainbow-arches1 #8,twixt the spurious heavenly1 ,and spurious earthly1 ,round us roving1 round us soaring1-- ,,mere ,,fool6 ,,mere ,,poet6 ,,he--of truth the wooer8 ,not still1 stiff1 smooth and cold1 ,become an image1 ,a godlike statue1 ,set up in front of temples1 ,as a ,god's own door-guard3 ,nay6 hostile to all such truthfulness-statues1 ,in every desert homelier than at temples1 ,with cattish wantonness1 ,through every window leaping ,quickly into chances1 ,every wild forest a-sniffing1 ,greedily-longingly1 sniffing1 ,that thou1 in wild forests1 ',mong the motley-speckled fierce creatures1 ,shouldest rove1 sinful-sound and fine-coloured1 ,with longing lips smacking1 ,blessedly mocking1 blessedly hellish1 blessedly bloodthirsty1 ,robbing1 skulking1 lying--roving3-- ,or unto eagles like which fixedly1 ,long adown the precipice look1 ,adown ,,their precipice3-- ,oh1 how they whirl down now1 ,thereunder1 therein1 ,to ever deeper profoundness whirling6-- ,then1 ,sudden1 ,with aim aright1 ,with quivering flight1 ,on ,,lambkins pouncing1 ,headlong down1 sore-hungry1 ,for lambkins longing1 ,fierce 'gainst all lamb-spirits1 ,furious-fierce 'gainst all that look ,sheeplike1 or lambeyed1 or crisp-woolly1 --,grey1 with lambsheep kindliness6 ,even thus1 ,eaglelike1 pantherlike1 ,are the poet's desires1 ,are ,,thine ,,own desires #8neath a thousand guises1 ,thou fool6 ,thou poet6 ,thou who all mankind viewedst-- ,so ,god1 as sheep--3 ,the ,god ,,to ,,rend within mankind1 ,as the sheep in mankind1 ,and in rending ,,laughing-- ,,that1 ,,that is thine own blessedness6 ,of a panther and eagle--blessedness6 ,of a poet and fool--the blessedness6-- ,in evening's limpid air1 ,what time the moon's sickle1 ,green1 #8twixt the purple-glowings1 ,and jealous1 steal'th forth3 --,of day the foe1 ,with every step in secret1 ,the rosy garland-hammocks ,downsickling1 till they've sunken ,down nightwards1 faded1 downsunken3-- ,thus had ,i sunken one day ,from mine own truth-insanity1 ,from mine own fervid day-longings1 ,of day aweary1 sick of sunshine1 --,sunk downwards1 evenwards1 shadowwards3 ,by one sole trueness ,all scorched and thirsty3 --,bethinkst thou still1 bethinkst thou1 burning heart1 ,how then thou thirstedest8-- ,,that ,i ,,should ,,banned ,,be ,,from ,,all ,,the ,,trueness6 ,,mere ,,fool6 ,,mere ,,poet6 ,,lxxv4 ,,science4 ,thus sang the magician2 and all who were present went like birds unawares into the net of his artful and melancholy voluptuousness4 ,only the spiritually conscientious one had not been caught3 he at once snatched the harp from the magician and called out3 8,air6 ,let in good air6 ,let in ,zarathustra6 ,thou makest this cave sultry and poisonous1 thou bad old magician6 ,thou seducest1 thou false one1 thou subtle one1 to unknown desires and deserts4 ,and alas1 that such as thou should talk and make ado about the ,,truth6 ,alas1 to all free spirits who are not on their guard against ,,such magicians6 ,it is all over with their freedom3 thou teachest and temptest back into prisons1-- --,thou old melancholy devil1 out of thy lament soundeth a lurement3 thou resemblest those who with their praise of chastity secretly invite to voluptuousness60 ,thus spake the conscientious one2 the old magician1 however1 looked about him1 enjoying his triumph1 and on that account put up with the annoyance which the conscientious one caused him4 8,be still60 said he with modest voice1 8good songs want to re-echo well2 after good songs one should be long silent4 ,thus do all those present1 the higher men4 ,thou1 however1 hast perhaps understood but little of my song8 ,in thee there is little of the magic spirit40 8,thou praisest me10 replied the conscientious one1 8in that thou separatest me from thyself2 very well6 ,but1 ye others1 what do ,i see8 ,ye still sit there1 all of you1 with lusting eyes--3 ,ye free spirits1 whither hath your freedom gone6 ,ye almost seem to me to resemble those who have long looked at bad girls dancing naked3 your souls themselves dance6 ,in you1 ye higher men1 there must be more of that which the magician calleth his evil spirit of magic and deceit3--we must indeed be different4 ,and verily1 we spake and thought long enough together ere ,zarathustra came home to his cave1 for me not to be unaware that we ,,are different4 ,we ,,seek different things even here aloft1 ye and ,i4 ,for ,i seek more ,,security2 on that account have ,i come to ,zarathustra4 ,for he is still the most steadfast tower and will-- --,to-day1 when everything tottereth1 when all the earth quaketh4 ,ye1 however1 when ,i see what eyes ye make1 it almost seemeth to me that ye seek ,,more ,,insecurity1 --,more horror1 more danger1 more earthquake4 ,ye long 7it almost seemeth so to me--forgive my presumption1 ye higher men7-- --,ye long for the worst and dangerousest life1 which frighteneth ,,me most1--for the life of wild beasts1 for forests1 caves1 steep mountains and labyrinthine gorges4 ,and it is not those who lead ,,out ,,of danger that please you best1 but those who lead you away from all paths1 the misleaders4 ,but if such longing in you be ,,actual1 it seemeth to me nevertheless to be ,,impossible4 ,for fear--that is man's original and fundamental feeling2 through fear everything is explained1 original sin and original virtue4 ,through fear there grew also ,,my virtue1 that is to say3 ,science4 ,for fear of wild animals--that hath been longest fostered in man1 inclusive of the animal which he concealeth and feareth in himself3--,zarathustra calleth it #8the beast inside4' ,such prolonged ancient fear1 at last become subtle1 spiritual and intellectual--at present1 me thinketh1 it is called ,,science40-- ,thus spake the conscientious one2 but ,zarathustra1 who had just come back into his cave and had heard and divined the last discourse1 threw a handful of roses to the conscientious one1 and laughed on account of his 8truths40 8,why60 he exclaimed1 8what did ,i hear just now8 ,verily1 it seemeth to me1 thou art a fool1 or else ,i myself am one3 and quietly and quickly will ,i put thy #8truth' upside down4 ,for ,,fear--is an exception with us4 ,courage1 however1 and adventure1 and delight in the uncertain1 in the unattempted--,,courage seemeth to me the entire primitive history of man4 ,the wildest and most courageous animals hath he envied and robbed of all their virtues3 thus only did he become--man4 ,,this courage1 at last become subtle1 spiritual and intellectual1 this human courage1 with eagle's pinions and serpent's wisdom3 ,,this1 it seemeth to me1 is called at present--0 8,,zarathustra60 cried all of them there assembled1 as if with one voice1 and burst out at the same time into a great laughter2 there arose1 however1 from them as it were a heavy cloud4 ,even the magician laughed1 and said wisely3 8,well6 ,it is gone1 mine evil spirit6 ,and did ,i not myself warn you against it when ,i said that it was a deceiver1 a lying and deceiving spirit8 ,especially when it showeth itself naked4 ,but what can ,i do with regard to its tricks6 ,have ,i created it and the world8 ,well6 ,let us be good again1 and of good cheer6 ,and although ,zarathustra looketh with evil eye--just see him6 he disliketh me--3 --,ere night cometh will he again learn to love and laud me2 he cannot live long without committing such follies4 ,,he--loveth his enemies3 this art knoweth he better than any one ,i have seen4 ,but he taketh revenge for it--on his friends60 ,thus spake the old magician1 and the higher men applauded him2 so that ,zarathustra went round1 and mischievously and lovingly shook hands with his friends1--like one who hath to make amends and apologise to every one for something4 ,when however he had thereby come to the door of his cave1 lo1 then had he again a longing for the good air outside1 and for his animals1--and wished to steal out4 ,,lxxvi4 ,,among ,,daughters ,,of ,,the ,,desert4 #a4 8,go not away60 said then the wanderer who called himself ,zarathustra's shadow1 8abide with us--otherwise the old gloomy affliction might again fall upon us4 ,now hath that old magician given us of his worst for our good1 and lo6 the good1 pious pope there hath tears in his eyes1 and hath quite embarked again upon the sea of melancholy4 ,those kings may well put on a good air before us still3 for that have ,,they learned best of us all at present6 ,had they however no one to see them1 ,i wager that with them also the bad game would again commence1-- --,the bad game of drifting clouds1 of damp melancholy1 of curtained heavens1 of stolen suns1 of howling autumn-winds1 --,the bad game of our howling and crying for help6 ,abide with us1 ,o ,zarathustra6 ,here there is much concealed misery that wisheth to speak1 much evening1 much cloud1 much damp air6 ,thou hast nourished us with strong food for men1 and powerful proverbs3 do not let the weakly1 womanly spirits attack us anew at dessert6 ,thou alone makest the air around thee strong and clear6 ,did ,i ever find anywhere on earth such good air as with thee in thy cave8 ,many lands have ,i seen1 my nose hath learned to test and estimate many kinds of air3 but with thee do my nostrils taste their greatest delight6 ,unless it be1--unless it be--1 do forgive an old recollection6 ,forgive me an old after-dinner song1 which ,i once composed amongst daughters of the desert3-- ,for with them was there equally good1 clear1 ,oriental air2 there was ,i furthest from cloudy1 damp1 melancholy ,old-,europe6 ,then did ,i love such ,oriental maidens and other blue kingdoms of heaven1 over which hang no clouds and no thoughts4 ,ye would not believe how charmingly they sat there1 when they did not dance1 profound1 but without thoughts1 like little secrets1 like beribboned riddles1 like dessert-nuts-- ,many-hued and foreign1 forsooth6 but without clouds3 riddles which can be guessed3 to please such maidens ,i then composed an after-dinner psalm40 ,thus spake the wanderer who called himself ,zarathustra's shadow2 and before any one answered him1 he had seized the harp of the old magician1 crossed his legs1 and looked calmly and sagely around him3--with his nostrils1 however1 he inhaled the air slowly and questioningly1 like one who in new countries tasteth new foreign air4 ,afterward he began to sing with a kind of roaring4 #b4 ,,the ,,deserts ,,grow3 ,,woe ,,him ,,who ,,doth ,,them ,,hide6 --,ha6 ,solemnly6 ,in effect solemnly6 ,a worthy beginning6 ,afric manner1 solemnly6 ,of a lion worthy1 ,or perhaps of a virtuous howl-monkey-- --,but it's naught to you1 ,ye friendly damsels dearly loved1 ,at whose own feet to me1 ,the first occasion1 ,to a ,european under palm-trees1 ,a seat is now granted4 ,selah4 ,wonderful1 truly6 ,here do ,i sit now1 ,the desert nigh1 and yet ,i am ,so far still from the desert1 ,even in naught yet deserted3 ,that is1 ,i'm swallowed down ,by this the smallest oasis--3 --,it opened up just yawning1 ,its loveliest mouth agape1 ,most sweet-odoured of all mouthlets3 ,then fell ,i right in1 ,right down1 right through--in 'mong you1 ,ye friendly damsels dearly loved6 ,selah4 ,hail6 hail6 to that whale1 fishlike1 ,if it thus for its guest's convenience ,made things nice6--7ye well know1 ,surely1 my learned allusion87 ,hail to its belly1 ,if it had e'er ,a such loveliest oasis-belly ,as this is3 though however ,i doubt about it1 --,with this come ,i out of ,old-,europe1 ,that doubt'th more eagerly than doth any ,elderly married woman4 ,may the ,lord improve it6 ,amen6 ,here do ,i sit now1 ,in this the smallest oasis1 ,like a date indeed1 ,brown1 quite sweet1 gold-suppurating1 ,for rounded mouth of maiden longing1 ,but yet still more for youthful1 maidlike1 ,ice-cold and snow-white and incisory ,front teeth3 and for such assuredly1 ,pine the hearts all of ardent date-fruits4 ,selah4 ,to the there-named south-fruits now1 ,similar1 all-too-similar1 ,do ,i lie here2 by little ,flying insects ,round-sniffled and round-played1 ,and also by yet littler1 ,foolisher1 and peccabler ,wishes and phantasies1-- ,environed by you1 ,ye silent1 presentientest ,maiden-kittens1 ,dudu and ,suleika1 --,,roundsphinxed1 that into one word ,i may crowd much feeling3 7,forgive me1 ,o ,god1 ,all such speech-sinning67 --,sit ,i here the best of air sniffling1 ,paradisal air1 truly1 ,bright and buoyant air1 golden-mottled1 ,as goodly air as ever ,from lunar orb downfell-- ,be it by hazard1 ,or supervened it by arrogancy8 ,as the ancient poets relate it4 ,but doubter1 ,i'm now calling it ,in question3 with this do ,i come indeed ,out of ,europe1 ,that doubt'th more eagerly than doth any ,elderly married woman4 ,may the ,lord improve it6 ,amen4 ,this the finest air drinking1 ,with nostrils out-swelled like goblets1 ,lacking future1 lacking remembrances ,thus do ,i sit here1 ye ,friendly damsels dearly loved1 ,and look at the palm-tree there1 ,how it1 to a dance-girl1 like1 ,doth bow and bend and on its haunches bob1 --,one doth it too1 when one view'th it long6-- ,to a dance-girl like1 who as it seem'th to me1 ,too long1 and dangerously persistent1 ,always1 always1 just on ,,single leg hath stood8 --,then forgot she thereby1 as it seem'th to me1 ,the ,,other leg8 ,for vainly ,i1 at least1 ,did search for the amissing ,fellow-jewel --,namely1 the other leg-- ,in the sanctified precincts1 ,nigh her very dearest1 very tenderest1 ,flapping and fluttering and flickering skirting4 ,yea1 if ye should1 ye beauteous friendly ones1 ,quite take my word3 ,she hath1 alas6 ,,lost it6 ,hu6 ,hu6 ,hu6 ,hu6 ,hu6 ,it is away6 ,for ever away6 ,the other leg6 ,oh1 pity for that loveliest other leg6 ,where may it now tarry1 all-forsaken weeping8 ,the lonesomest leg8 ,in fear perhaps before a ,furious1 yellow1 blond and curled ,leonine monster8 ,or perhaps even ,gnawed away1 nibbled badly-- ,most wretched1 woeful6 woeful6 nibbled badly6 ,selah4 ,oh1 weep ye not1 ,gentle spirits6 ,weep ye not1 ye ,date-fruit spirits6 ,milk-bosoms6 ,ye sweetwood-heart ,purselets6 ,weep ye no more1 ,pallid ,dudu6 ,be a man1 ,suleika6 ,bold6 ,bold6 --,or else should there perhaps ,something strengthening1 heart-strengthening1 ,here most proper be8 ,some inspiring text8 ,some solemn exhortation8-- ,ha6 ,up now6 honour6 ,moral honour6 ,european honour6 ,blow again1 continue1 ,bellows-box of virtue6 ,ha6 ,once more thy roaring1 ,thy moral roaring6 ,as a virtuous lion ,nigh the daughters of deserts roaring6 --,for virtue's out-howl1 ,ye very dearest maidens1 ,is more than every ,european fervour1 ,european hot-hunger6 ,and now do ,i stand here1 ,as ,european1 ,i can't be different1 ,god's help to me6 ,amen6 ,,the ,,deserts ,,grow3 ,,woe ,,him ,,who ,,doth ,,them ,,hide6 ,,lxxvii4 ,,the ,,awakening4 #a4 ,after the song of the wanderer and shadow1 the cave became all at once full of noise and laughter3 and since the assembled guests all spake simultaneously1 and even the ass1 encouraged thereby1 no longer remained silent1 a little aversion and scorn for his visitors came over ,zarathustra1 although he rejoiced at their gladness4 ,for it seemed to him a sign of convalescence4 ,so he slipped out into the open air and spake to his animals4 8,whither hath their distress now gone80 said he1 and already did he himself feel relieved of his petty disgust--8with me1 it seemeth that they have unlearned their cries of distress6 --,though1 alas6 not yet their crying40 ,and ,zarathustra stopped his ears1 for just then did the ,,ye-,a of the ass mix strangely with the noisy jubilation of those higher men4 8,they are merry10 he began again1 8and who knoweth8 perhaps at their host's expense2 and if they have learned of me to laugh1 still it is not ,,my laughter they have learned4 ,but what matter about that6 ,they are old people3 they recover in their own way1 they laugh in their own way2 mine ears have already endured worse and have not become peevish4 ,this day is a victory3 he already yieldeth1 he fleeth1 ,,the ,,spirit ,,of ,,gravity1 mine old arch-enemy6 ,how well this day is about to end1 which began so badly and gloomily6 ,and it is ,,about ,,to end4 ,already cometh the evening3 over the sea rideth it hither1 the good rider6 ,how it bobbeth1 the blessed one1 the home-returning one1 in its purple saddles6 ,the sky gazeth brightly thereon1 the world lieth deep4 ,oh1 all ye strange ones who have come to me1 it is already worth while to have lived with me60 ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,and again came the cries and laughter of the higher men out of the cave3 then began he anew3 8,they bite at it1 my bait taketh1 there departeth also from them their enemy1 the spirit of gravity4 ,now do they learn to laugh at themselves3 do ,i hear rightly8 ,my virile food taketh effect1 my strong and savoury sayings3 and verily1 ,i did not nourish them with flatulent vegetables6 ,but with warrior-food1 with conqueror-food3 new desires did ,i awaken4 ,new hopes are in their arms and legs1 their hearts expand4 ,they find new words1 soon will their spirits breathe wantonness4 ,such food may sure enough not be proper for children1 nor even for longing girls old and young4 ,one persuadeth their bowels otherwise2 ,i am not their physician and teacher4 ,the ,,disgust departeth from these higher men2 well6 that is my victory4 ,in my domain they become assured2 all stupid shame fleeth away2 they empty themselves4 ,they empty their hearts1 good times return unto them1 they keep holiday and ruminate1--they become ,,thankful4 ,,that do ,i take as the best sign3 they become thankful4 ,not long will it be ere they devise festivals1 and put up memorials to their old joys4 ,they are ,,convalescents60 ,thus spake ,zarathustra joyfully to his heart and gazed outward2 his animals1 however1 pressed up to him1 and honoured his happiness and his silence4 #b4 ,all on a sudden however1 ,zarathustra's ear was frightened3 for the cave which had hitherto been full of noise and laughter1 became all at once still as death2--his nose1 however1 smelt a sweet-scented vapour and incense-odour1 as if from burning pine-cones4 8,what happeneth8 ,what are they about80 he asked himself1 and stole up to the entrance1 that he might be able unobserved to see his guests4 ,but wonder upon wonder6 what was he then obliged to behold with his own eyes6 8,they have all of them become ,,pious again1 they ,,pray1 they are mad60--said he1 and was astonished beyond measure4 ,and forsooth6 all these higher men1 the two kings1 the pope out of service1 the evil magician1 the voluntary beggar1 the wanderer and shadow1 the old soothsayer1 the spiritually conscientious one1 and the ugliest man--they all lay on their knees like children and credulous old women1 and worshipped the ass4 ,and just then began the ugliest man to gurgle and snort1 as if something unutterable in him tried to find expression2 when1 however1 he had actually found words1 behold6 it was a pious1 strange litany in praise of the adored and censed ass4 ,and the litany sounded thus3 ,amen6 ,and glory and honour and wisdom and thanks and praise and strength be to our ,god1 from everlasting to everlasting6 --,the ass1 however1 here brayed ,,ye-,a4 ,he carrieth our burdens1 he hath taken upon him the form of a servant1 he is patient of heart and never saith ,nay2 and he who loveth his ,god chastiseth him4 --,the ass1 however1 here brayed ,,ye-,a4 ,he speaketh not3 except that he ever saith ,yea to the world which he created3 thus doth he extol his world4 ,it is his artfulness that speaketh not3 thus is he rarely found wrong4 --,the ass1 however1 here brayed ,,ye-,a4 ,uncomely goeth he through the world4 ,grey is the favourite colour in which he wrappeth his virtue4 ,hath he spirit1 then doth he conceal it2 every one1 however1 believeth in his long ears4 --,the ass1 however1 here brayed ,,ye-,a4 ,what hidden wisdom it is to wear long ears1 and only to say ,yea and never ,nay6 ,hath he not created the world in his own image1 namely1 as stupid as possible8 --,the ass1 however1 here brayed ,,ye-,a4 ,thou goest straight and crooked ways2 it concerneth thee little what seemeth straight or crooked unto us men4 ,beyond good and evil is thy domain4 ,it is thine innocence not to know what innocence is4 --,the ass1 however1 here brayed ,,ye-,a4 ,lo6 how thou spurnest none from thee1 neither beggars nor kings4 ,thou sufferest little children to come unto thee1 and when the bad boys decoy thee1 then sayest thou simply1 ,,ye-,a4 --,the ass1 however1 here brayed ,,ye-,a4 ,thou lovest she-asses and fresh figs1 thou art no food-despiser4 ,a thistle tickleth thy heart when thou chancest to be hungry4 ,there is the wisdom of a ,god therein4 --,the ass1 however1 here brayed ,,ye-,a4 ,,lxxviii4 ,,the ,,ass-,,festival4 #a4 ,at this place in the litany1 however1 ,zarathustra could no longer control himself2 he himself cried out ,,ye-,a1 louder even than the ass1 and sprang into the midst of his maddened guests4 8,whatever are you about1 ye grown-up children80 he exclaimed1 pulling up the praying ones from the ground4 8,alas1 if any one else1 except ,zarathustra1 had seen you3 ,every one would think you the worst blasphemers1 or the very foolishest old women1 with your new belief6 ,and thou thyself1 thou old pope1 how is it in accordance with thee1 to adore an ass in such a manner as ,god80-- 8,o ,zarathustra10 answered the pope1 8forgive me1 but in divine matters ,i am more enlightened even than thou4 ,and it is right that it should be so4 ,better to adore ,god so1 in this form1 than in no form at all6 ,think over this saying1 mine exalted friend3 thou wilt readily divine that in such a saying there is wisdom4 ,he who said #8,god is a ,spirit'--made the greatest stride and slide hitherto made on earth towards unbelief3 such a dictum is not easily amended again on earth6 ,mine old heart leapeth and boundeth because there is still something to adore on earth4 ,forgive it1 ,o ,zarathustra1 to an old1 pious pontiff-heart6--0 --8,and thou10 said ,zarathustra to the wanderer and shadow1 8thou callest and thinkest thyself a free spirit8 ,and thou here practisest such idolatry and hierolatry8 ,worse verily1 doest thou here than with thy bad brown girls1 thou bad1 new believer60 8,it is sad enough10 answered the wanderer and shadow1 8thou art right3 but how can ,i help it6 ,the old ,god liveth again1 ,o ,zarathustra1 thou mayst say what thou wilt4 ,the ugliest man is to blame for it all3 he hath reawakened him4 ,and if he say that he once killed him1 with ,gods ,,death is always just a prejudice40 --8,and thou10 said ,zarathustra1 8thou bad old magician1 what didst thou do6 ,who ought to believe any longer in thee in this free age1 when ,,thou believest in such divine donkeyism8 ,it was a stupid thing that thou didst2 how couldst thou1 a shrewd man1 do such a stupid thing60 8,o ,zarathustra10 answered the shrewd magician1 8thou art right1 it was a stupid thing1--it was also repugnant to me40 --8,and thou even10 said ,zarathustra to the spiritually conscientious one1 8consider1 and put thy finger to thy nose6 ,doth nothing go against thy conscience here8 ,is thy spirit not too cleanly for this praying and the fumes of those devotees80 8,there is something therein10 said the spiritually conscientious one1 and put his finger to his nose1 8there is something in this spectacle which even doeth good to my conscience4 ,perhaps ,i dare not believe in ,god3 certain it is however1 that ,god seemeth to me most worthy of belief in this form4 ,god is said to be eternal1 according to the testimony of the most pious3 he who hath so much time taketh his time4 ,as slow and as stupid as possible3 ,,thereby can such a one nevertheless go very far4 ,and he who hath too much spirit might well become infatuated with stupidity and folly4 ,think of thyself1 ,o ,zarathustra6 ,thou thyself--verily6 even thou couldst well become an ass through superabundance of wisdom4 ,doth not the true sage willingly walk on the crookedest paths8 ,the evidence teacheth it1 ,o ,zarathustra1--,,thine ,,own evidence60 --8,and thou thyself1 finally10 said ,zarathustra1 and turned towards the ugliest man1 who still lay on the ground stretching up his arm to the ass 7for he gave it wine to drink74 8,say1 thou nondescript1 what hast thou been about6 ,thou seemest to me transformed1 thine eyes glow1 the mantle of the sublime covereth thine ugliness3 ,,what didst thou do8 ,is it then true what they say1 that thou hast again awakened him8 ,and why8 ,was he not for good reasons killed and made away with8 ,thou thyself seemest to me awakened3 what didst thou do8 why didst ,,thou turn round8 ,why didst ,,thou get converted8 ,speak1 thou nondescript60 8,o ,zarathustra10 answered the ugliest man1 8thou art a rogue6 ,whether ,,he yet liveth1 or again liveth1 or is thoroughly dead--which of us both knoweth that best8 ,i ask thee4 ,one thing however do ,i know1--from thyself did ,i learn it once1 ,o ,zarathustra3 he who wanteth to kill most thoroughly1 ,,laugheth4 #8,not by wrath but by laughter doth one kill'--thus spakest thou once1 ,o ,zarathustra1 thou hidden one1 thou destroyer without wrath1 thou dangerous saint1--thou art a rogue60 #b4 ,then1 however1 did it come to pass that ,zarathustra1 astonished at such merely roguish answers1 jumped back to the door of his cave1 and turning towards all his guests1 cried out with a strong voice3 8,o ye wags1 all of you1 ye buffoons6 ,why do ye dissemble and disguise yourselves before me6 ,how the hearts of all of you convulsed with delight and wickedness1 because ye had at last become again like little children--namely1 pious1-- --,because ye at last did again as children do--namely1 prayed1 folded your hands and said #8good ,god'6 ,but now leave1 ,i pray you1 ,,this nursery1 mine own cave1 where to-day all childishness is carried on4 ,cool down1 here outside1 your hot child-wantonness and heart-tumult6 ,to be sure3 except ye become as little children ye shall not enter into ,,that kingdom of heaven40 7,and ,zarathustra pointed aloft with his hands47 8,but we do not at all want to enter into the kingdom of heaven3 we have become men1--,,so ,,we ,,want ,,the ,,kingdom ,,of ,,earth40 #c4 ,and once more began ,zarathustra to speak4 8,o my new friends10 said he1-- 8ye strange ones1 ye higher men1 how well do ye now please me1-- --,since ye have again become joyful6 ,ye have1 verily1 all blossomed forth3 it seemeth to me that for such flowers as you1 ,,new ,,festivals are required4 --,a little valiant nonsense1 some divine service and ass-festival1 some old joyful ,zarathustra fool1 some blusterer to blow your souls bright4 ,forget not this night and this ass-festival1 ye higher men6 ,,that did ye devise when with me1 that do ,i take as a good omen1--such things only the convalescents devise6 ,and should ye celebrate it again1 this ass-festival1 do it from love to yourselves1 do it also from love to me6 ,and in remembrance of me60 ,thus spake ,zarathustra4 ,,lxxix4 ,,the ,,drunken ,,song4 #a4 ,meanwhile one after another had gone out into the open air1 and into the cool1 thoughtful night2 ,zarathustra himself1 however1 led the ugliest man by the hand1 that he might show him his night-world1 and the great round moon1 and the silvery water-falls near his cave4 ,there they at last stood still beside one another2 all of them old people1 but with comforted1 brave hearts1 and astonished in themselves that it was so well with them on earth2 the mystery of the night1 however1 came nigher and nigher to their hearts4 ,and anew ,zarathustra thought to himself3 8,oh1 how well do they now please me1 these higher men60--but he did not say it aloud1 for he respected their happiness and their silence4-- ,then1 however1 there happened that which in this astonishing long day was most astonishing3 the ugliest man began once more and for the last time to gurgle and snort1 and when he had at length found expression1 behold6 there sprang a question plump and plain out of his mouth1 a good1 deep1 clear question1 which moved the hearts of all who listened to him4 8,my friends1 all of you10 said the ugliest man1 8what think ye8 ,for the sake of this day--,i am for the first time content to have lived mine entire life4 ,and that ,i testify so much is still not enough for me4 ,it is worth while living on the earth3 one day1 one festival with ,zarathustra1 hath taught me to love the earth4 #8,was ,,that--life8' will ,i say unto death4 #8,well6 ,once more6' ,my friends1 what think ye8 ,will ye not1 like me1 say unto death3 #8,was ,,that--life8 ,for the sake of ,zarathustra1 well6 ,once more6'0-- ,thus spake the ugliest man2 it was not1 however1 far from midnight4 ,and what took place then1 think ye8 ,as soon as the higher men heard his question1 they became all at once conscious of their transformation and convalescence1 and of him who was the cause thereof3 then did they rush up to ,zarathustra1 thanking1 honouring1 caressing him1 and kissing his hands1 each in his own peculiar way2 so that some laughed and some wept4 ,the old soothsayer1 however1 danced with delight2 and though he was then1 as some narrators suppose1 full of sweet wine1 he was certainly still fuller of sweet life1 and had renounced all weariness4 ,there are even those who narrate that the ass then danced3 for not in vain had the ugliest man previously given it wine to drink4 ,that may be the case1 or it may be otherwise2 and if in truth the ass did not dance that evening1 there nevertheless happened then greater and rarer wonders than the dancing of an ass would have been4 ,in short1 as the proverb of ,zarathustra saith3 8,what doth it matter60 #b4 ,when1 however1 this took place with the ugliest man1 ,zarathustra stood there like one drunken3 his glance dulled1 his tongue faltered and his feet staggered4 ,and who could divine what thoughts then passed through ,zarathustra's soul8 ,apparently1 however1 his spirit retreated and fled in advance and was in remote distances1 and as it were 8wandering on high mountain-ridges10 as it standeth written1 8#8twixt two seas1 --,wandering #8twixt the past and the future as a heavy cloud40 ,gradually1 however1 while the higher men held him in their arms1 he came back to himself a little1 and resisted with his hands the crowd of the honouring and caring ones2 but he did not speak4 ,all at once1 however1 he turned his head quickly1 for he seemed to hear something3 then laid he his finger on his mouth and said3 8,,come60 ,and immediately it became still and mysterious round about2 from the depth however there came up slowly the sound of a clock-bell4 ,zarathustra listened thereto1 like the higher men2 then1 however1 laid he his finger on his mouth the second time1 and said again3 8,,come6 ,,come6 ,,it ,,is ,,getting ,,on ,,to ,,midnight60--and his voice had changed4 ,but still he had not moved from the spot4 ,then it became yet stiller and more mysterious1 and everything hearkened1 even the ass1 and ,zarathustra's noble animals1 the eagle and the serpent1--likewise the cave of ,zarathustra and the big cool moon1 and the night itself4 ,zarathustra1 however1 laid his hand upon his mouth for the third time1 and said3 ,,come6 ,,come6 ,,come6 ,,let ,,us ,,now ,,wander6 ,,it ,,is ,,the ,,hour3 ,,let ,,us ,,wander ,,into ,,the ,,night6 #c4 ,ye higher men1 it is getting on to midnight3 then will ,i say something into your ears1 as that old clock-bell saith it into mine ear1-- --,as mysteriously1 as frightfully1 and as cordially as that midnight clock-bell speaketh it to me1 which hath experienced more than one man3 --,which hath already counted the smarting throbbings of your fathers' hearts--ah6 ah6 how it sigheth6 how it laugheth in its dream6 the old1 deep1 deep midnight6 ,hush6 ,hush6 ,then is there many a thing heard which may not be heard by day2 now however1 in the cool air1 when even all the tumult of your hearts hath become still1-- --,now doth it speak1 now is it heard1 now doth it steal into overwakeful1 nocturnal souls3 ah6 ah6 how the midnight sigheth6 how it laugheth in its dream6 --,hearest thou not how it mysteriously1 frightfully1 and cordially speaketh unto ,,thee1 the old deep1 deep midnight8 ,o ,,man1 ,,take ,,heed6 #d4 ,woe to me6 ,whither hath time gone8 ,have ,i not sunk into deep wells8 ,the world sleepeth-- ,ah6 ,ah6 ,the dog howleth1 the moon shineth4 ,rather will ,i die1 rather will ,i die1 than say unto you what my midnight-heart now thinketh4 ,already have ,i died4 ,it is all over4 ,spider1 why spinnest thou around me8 ,wilt thou have blood8 ,ah6 ,ah6 ,the dew falleth1 the hour cometh-- --,the hour in which ,i frost and freeze1 which asketh and asketh and asketh3 8,who hath sufficient courage for it8 --,who is to be master of the world8 ,who is going to say3 ,,thus shall ye flow1 ye great and small streams60 --,the hour approacheth3 ,o man1 thou higher man1 take heed6 this talk is for fine ears1 for thine ears--,,what ,,saith ,,deep ,,midnight',s ,,voice ,,indeed8 #e4 ,it carrieth me away1 my soul danceth4 ,day's-work6 ,day's-work6 ,who is to be master of the world8 ,the moon is cool1 the wind is still4 ,ah6 ,ah6 ,have ye already flown high enough8 ,ye have danced3 a leg1 nevertheless1 is not a wing4 ,ye good dancers1 now is all delight over3 wine hath become lees1 every cup hath become brittle1 the sepulchres mutter4 ,ye have not flown high enough3 now do the sepulchres mutter3 8,free the dead6 ,why is it so long night8 ,doth not the moon make us drunken80 ,ye higher men1 free the sepulchres1 awaken the corpses6 ,ah1 why doth the worm still burrow8 ,there approacheth1 there approacheth1 the hour1-- --,there boometh the clock-bell1 there thrilleth still the heart1 there burroweth still the wood-worm1 the heart-worm4 ,ah6 ,ah6 ,,the ,,world ,,is ,,deep6 #f4 ,sweet lyre6 ,sweet lyre6 ,i love thy tone1 thy drunken1 ranunculine tone6--how long1 how far hath come unto me thy tone1 from the distance1 from the ponds of love6 ,thou old clock-bell1 thou sweet lyre6 ,every pain hath torn thy heart1 father-pain1 fathers'-pain1 forefathers'-pain2 thy speech hath become ripe1-- --,ripe like the golden autumn and the afternoon1 like mine anchorite heart--now sayest thou3 ,the world itself hath become ripe1 the grape turneth brown1 --,now doth it wish to die1 to die of happiness4 ,ye higher men1 do ye not feel it8 ,there welleth up mysteriously an odour1 --,a perfume and odour of eternity1 a rosy-blessed1 brown1 gold-wine-odour of old happiness1 --,of drunken midnight-death happiness1 which singeth3 the world is deep1 ,,and ,,deeper ,,than ,,the ,,day ,,could ,,read6 #g4 ,leave me alone6 ,leave me alone6 ,i am too pure for thee4 ,touch me not6 ,hath not my world just now become perfect8 ,my skin is too pure for thy hands4 ,leave me alone1 thou dull1 doltish1 stupid day6 ,is not the midnight brighter8 ,the purest are to be masters of the world1 the least known1 the strongest1 the midnight-souls1 who are brighter and deeper than any day4 ,o day1 thou gropest for me8 ,thou feelest for my happiness8 ,for thee am ,i rich1 lonesome1 a treasure-pit1 a gold chamber8 ,o world1 thou wantest ,,me8 ,am ,i worldly for thee8 ,am ,i spiritual for thee8 ,am ,i divine for thee8 ,but day and world1 ye are too coarse1-- --,have cleverer hands1 grasp after deeper happiness1 after deeper unhappiness1 grasp after some ,god2 grasp not after me3 --,mine unhappiness1 my happiness is deep1 thou strange day1 but yet am ,i no ,god1 no ,god's-hell3 ,,deep ,,is ,,its ,,woe4 #h4 ,god's woe is deeper1 thou strange world6 ,grasp at ,god's woe1 not at me6 ,what am ,i6 ,a drunken sweet lyre1-- --,a midnight-lyre1 a bell-frog1 which no one understandeth1 but which ,,must speak before deaf ones1 ye higher men6 ,for ye do not understand me6 ,gone6 ,gone6 ,o youth6 ,o noontide6 ,o afternoon6 ,now have come evening and night and midnight1--the dog howleth1 the wind3 --,is the wind not a dog8 ,it whineth1 it barketh1 it howleth4 ,ah6 ,ah6 how she sigheth6 how she laugheth1 how she wheezeth and panteth1 the midnight6 ,how she just now speaketh soberly1 this drunken poetess6 hath she perhaps overdrunk her drunkenness8 hath she become overawake8 doth she ruminate8 --,her woe doth she ruminate over1 in a dream1 the old1 deep midnight--and still more her joy4 ,for joy1 although woe be deep1 ,,joy ,,is ,,deeper ,,still ,,than ,,grief ,,can ,,be4 #i4 ,thou grape-vine6 ,why dost thou praise me8 ,have ,i not cut thee6 ,i am cruel1 thou bleedest--3 what meaneth thy praise of my drunken cruelty8 8,whatever hath become perfect1 everything mature--wanteth to die60 so sayest thou4 ,blessed1 blessed be the vintner's knife6 ,but everything immature wanteth to live3 alas6 ,woe saith3 8,hence6 ,go6 ,away1 thou woe60 ,but everything that suffereth wanteth to live1 that it may become mature and lively and longing1 --,longing for the further1 the higher1 the brighter4 8,i want heirs10 so saith everything that suffereth1 8,i want children1 ,i do not want ,,myself10-- ,joy1 however1 doth not want heirs1 it doth not want children1--joy wanteth itself1 it wanteth eternity1 it wanteth recurrence1 it wanteth everything eternally-like-itself4 ,woe saith3 8,break1 bleed1 thou heart6 ,wander1 thou leg6 ,thou wing1 fly6 ,onward6 upward6 thou pain60 ,well6 ,cheer up6 ,o mine old heart3 ,,woe ,,saith3 8,,hence6 ,,go60 #aj4 ,ye higher men1 what think ye8 ,am ,i a soothsayer8 ,or a dreamer8 ,or a drunkard8 ,or a dream-reader8 ,or a midnight-bell8 ,or a drop of dew8 ,or a fume and fragrance of eternity8 ,hear ye it not8 ,smell ye it not8 ,just now hath my world become perfect1 midnight is also midday1-- ,pain is also a joy1 curse is also a blessing1 night is also a sun1--go away6 or ye will learn that a sage is also a fool4 ,said ye ever ,yea to one joy8 ,o my friends1 then said ye ,yea also unto ,,all woe4 ,all things are enlinked1 enlaced and enamoured1-- --,wanted ye ever once to come twice2 said ye ever3 8,thou pleasest me1 happiness6 ,instant6 ,moment60 then wanted ye ,,all to come back again6 --,all anew1 all eternal1 all enlinked1 enlaced and enamoured1 ,oh1 then did ye ,,love the world1-- --,ye eternal ones1 ye love it eternally and for all time3 and also unto woe do ye say3 ,hence6 ,go6 but come back6 ,,for ,,joys ,,all ,,want--,,eternity6 #aa4 ,all joy wanteth the eternity of all things1 it wanteth honey1 it wanteth lees1 it wanteth drunken midnight1 it wanteth graves1 it wanteth grave-tears' consolation1 it wanteth gilded evening-red-- --,,what doth not joy want6 it is thirstier1 heartier1 hungrier1 more frightful1 more mysterious1 than all woe3 it wanteth ,,itself1 it biteth into ,,itself1 the ring's will writheth in it1-- --,it wanteth love1 it wanteth hate1 it is over-rich1 it bestoweth1 it throweth away1 it beggeth for some one to take from it1 it thanketh the taker1 it would fain be hated1-- --,so rich is joy that it thirsteth for woe1 for hell1 for hate1 for shame1 for the lame1 for the ,,world1--for this world1 ,oh1 ye know it indeed6 ,ye higher men1 for you doth it long1 this joy1 this irrepressible1 blessed joy--for your woe1 ye failures6 ,for failures1 longeth all eternal joy4 ,for joys all want themselves1 therefore do they also want grief6 ,o happiness1 ,o pain6 ,oh break1 thou heart6 ,ye higher men1 do learn it1 that joys want eternity4 --,joys want the eternity of ,,all things1 they ,,want ,,deep1 ,,profound ,,eternity6 #ab4 ,have ye now learned my song8 ,have ye divined what it would say8 ,well6 ,cheer up6 ,ye higher men1 sing now my roundelay6 ,sing now yourselves the song1 the name of which is 8,once more10 the signification of which is 8,unto all eternity60--sing1 ye higher men1 ,zarathustra's roundelay6 ,o man6 ,take heed6 ,what saith deep midnight's voice indeed8 8,i slept my sleep--1 8,from deepest dream ,i've woke1 and plead3-- 8,the world is deep1 8,and deeper than the day could read4 8,deep is its woe--1 8,joy--deeper still than grief can be3 8,woe saith3 ,hence6 ,go6 8,but joys all want eternity--1 8--,want deep1 profound eternity60 ,,lxxx4 ,,the ,,sign4 ,in the morning1 however1 after this night1 ,zarathustra jumped up from his couch1 and1 having girded his loins1 he came out of his cave glowing and strong1 like a morning sun coming out of gloomy mountains4 8,thou great star10 spake he1 as he had spoken once before1 8thou deep eye of happiness1 what would be all thy happiness if thou hadst not ,,those for whom thou shinest6 ,and if they remained in their chambers whilst thou art already awake1 and comest and bestowest and distributest1 how would thy proud modesty upbraid for it6 ,well6 they still sleep1 these higher men1 whilst ,i am awake3 ,,they are not my proper companions6 ,not for them do ,i wait here in my mountains4 ,at my work ,i want to be1 at my day3 but they understand not what are the signs of my morning1 my step--is not for them the awakening-call4 ,they still sleep in my cave2 their dream still drinketh at my drunken songs4 ,the audient ear for ,,me--the ,,obedient ear1 is yet lacking in their limbs40 --,this had ,zarathustra spoken to his heart when the sun arose3 then looked he inquiringly aloft1 for he heard above him the sharp call of his eagle4 8,well60 called he upwards1 8thus is it pleasing and proper to me4 ,mine animals are awake1 for ,i am awake4 ,mine eagle is awake1 and like me honoureth the sun4 ,with eagle-talons doth it grasp at the new light4 ,ye are my proper animals2 ,i love you4 ,but still do ,i lack my proper men60-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra2 then1 however1 it happened that all on a sudden he became aware that he was flocked around and fluttered around1 as if by innumerable birds1--the whizzing of so many wings1 however1 and the crowding around his head was so great that he shut his eyes4 ,and verily1 there came down upon him as it were a cloud1 like a cloud of arrows which poureth upon a new enemy4 ,but behold1 here it was a cloud of love1 and showered upon a new friend4 8,what happeneth unto me80 thought ,zarathustra in his astonished heart1 and slowly seated himself on the big stone which lay close to the exit from his cave4 ,but while he grasped about with his hands1 around him1 above him and below him1 and repelled the tender birds1 behold1 there then happened to him something still stranger3 for he grasped thereby unawares into a mass of thick1 warm1 shaggy hair2 at the same time1 however1 there sounded before him a roar1--a long1 soft lion-roar4 8,,the ,,sign ,,cometh10 said ,zarathustra1 and a change came over his heart4 ,and in truth1 when it turned clear before him1 there lay a yellow1 powerful animal at his feet1 resting its head on his knee1--unwilling to leave him out of love1 and doing like a dog which again findeth its old master4 ,the doves1 however1 were no less eager with their love than the lion2 and whenever a dove whisked over its nose1 the lion shook its head and wondered and laughed4 ,when all this went on ,zarathustra spake only a word3 8,,my ,,children ,,are ,,nigh1 ,,my ,,children0--1 then he became quite mute4 ,his heart1 however1 was loosed1 and from his eyes there dropped down tears and fell upon his hands4 ,and he took no further notice of anything1 but sat there motionless1 without repelling the animals further4 ,then flew the doves to and fro1 and perched on his shoulder1 and caressed his white hair1 and did not tire of their tenderness and joyousness4 ,the strong lion1 however1 licked always the tears that fell on ,zarathustra's hands1 and roared and growled shyly4 ,thus did these animals do4-- ,all this went on for a long time1 or a short time3 for properly speaking1 there is ,,no time on earth for such things--4 ,meanwhile1 however1 the higher men had awakened in ,zarathustra's cave1 and marshalled themselves for a procession to go to meet ,zarathustra1 and give him their morning greeting3 for they had found when they awakened that he no longer tarried with them4 ,when1 however1 they reached the door of the cave and the noise of their steps had preceded them1 the lion started violently2 it turned away all at once from ,zarathustra1 and roaring wildly1 sprang towards the cave4 ,the higher men1 however1 when they heard the lion roaring1 cried all aloud as with one voice1 fled back and vanished in an instant4 ,zarathustra himself1 however1 stunned and strange1 rose from his seat1 looked around him1 stood there astonished1 inquired of his heart1 bethought himself1 and remained alone4 8,what did ,i hear80 said he at last1 slowly1 8what happened unto me just now80 ,but soon there came to him his recollection1 and he took in at a glance all that had taken place between yesterday and to-day4 8,here is indeed the stone10 said he1 and stroked his beard1 8on ,,it sat ,i yester-morn2 and here came the soothsayer unto me1 and here heard ,i first the cry which ,i heard just now1 the great cry of distress4 ,o ye higher men1 ,,your distress was it that the old soothsayer foretold to me yester-morn1-- --,unto your distress did he want to seduce and tempt me3 #8,o ,zarathustra1' said he to me1 #8,i come to seduce thee to thy last sin4' ,to my last sin80 cried ,zarathustra1 and laughed angrily at his own words3 8,,what hath been reserved for me as my last sin80 --,and once more ,zarathustra became absorbed in himself1 and sat down again on the big stone and meditated4 ,suddenly he sprang up1-- 8,,fellow-,,suffering6 ,,fellow-,,suffering ,,with ,,the ,,higher ,,men60 he cried out1 and his countenance changed into brass4 8,well6 ,,that--hath had its time6 ,my suffering and my fellow-suffering--what matter about them6 ,do ,i then strive after ,,happiness8 ,i strive after my ,,work6 ,well6 ,the lion hath come1 my children are nigh1 ,zarathustra hath grown ripe1 mine hour hath come3-- ,this is ,,my morning1 ,,my day beginneth3 ,,arise ,,now1 ,,arise1 ,,thou ,,great ,,noontide60-- ,thus spake ,zarathustra and left his cave1 glowing and strong1 like a morning sun coming out of gloomy mountains4 ,,appendix4 ,,notes ,,on 8,,thus ,,spake ,,zarathustra0 ,,by ,,anthony ,m4 ,,ludovici4 ,i have had some opportunities of studying the conditions under which ,nietzsche is read in ,germany1 ,france1 and ,england1 and ,i have found that1 in each of these countries1 students of his philosophy1 as if actuated by precisely similar motives and desires1 and misled by the same mistaken tactics on the part of most publishers1 all proceed in the same happy-go-lucky style when 8taking him up40 ,they have had it said to them that he wrote without any system1 and they very naturally conclude that it does not matter in the least whether they begin with his first1 third1 or last book1 provided they can obtain a few vague ideas as to what his leading and most sensational principles were4 ,now1 it is clear that the book with the most mysterious1 startling1 or suggestive title1 will always stand the best chance of being purchased by those who have no other criteria to guide them in their choice than the aspect of a title-page2 and this explains why 8,thus ,spake ,zarathustra0 is almost always the first and often the only one of ,nietzsche's books that falls into the hands of the uninitiated4 ,the title suggests all kinds of mysteries2 a glance at the chapter-headings quickly confirms the suspicions already aroused1 and the sub-title3 8,a ,book for ,all and ,none01 generally succeeds in dissipating the last doubts the prospective purchaser may entertain concerning his fitness for the book or its fitness for him4 ,and what happens8 8,thus ,spake ,zarathustra0 is taken home2 the reader1 who perchance may know no more concerning ,nietzsche than a magazine article has told him1 tries to read it and1 understanding less than half he reads1 probably never gets further than the second or third part1--and then only to feel convinced that ,nietzsche himself was 8rather hazy0 as to what he was talking about4 ,such chapters as 8,the ,child with the ,mirror01 8,in the ,happy ,isles01 8,the ,grave-,song10 8,immaculate ,perception10 8,the ,stillest ,hour01 8,the ,seven ,seals01 and many others1 are almost utterly devoid of meaning to all those who do not know something of ,nietzsche's life1 his aims and his friendships4 ,as a matter of fact1 8,thus ,spake ,zarathustra01 though it is unquestionably ,nietzsche's opus magnum1 is by no means the first of ,nietzsche's works that the beginner ought to undertake to read4 ,the author himself refers to it as the deepest work ever offered to the ,german public1 and elsewhere speaks of his other writings as being necessary for the understanding of it4 ,but when it is remembered that in ,zarathustra we not only have the history of his most intimate experiences1 friendships1 feuds1 disappointments1 triumphs and the like1 but that the very form in which they are narrated is one which tends rather to obscure than to throw light upon them1 the difficulties which meet the reader who starts quite unprepared will be seen to be really formidable4 ,zarathustra1 then1--this shadowy1 allegorical personality1 speaking in allegories and parables1 and at times not even refraining from relating his own dreams--is a figure we can understand but very imperfectly if we have no knowledge of his creator and counterpart1 ,friedrich ,nietzsche2 and it were therefore well1 previous to our study of the more abstruse parts of this book1 if we were to turn to some authoritative book on ,nietzsche's life and works and to read all that is there said on the subject4 ,those who can read ,german will find an excellent guide1 in this respect1 in ,frau ,foerster-,nietzsche's exhaustive and highly interesting biography of her brother3 8,das ,leben ,friedrich ,nietzsche's0 7published by ,naumann72 while the works of ,deussen1 ,raoul ,richter1 and ,baroness ,isabelle von ,unger-,sternberg1 will be found to throw useful and necessary light upon many questions which it would be difficult for a sister to touch upon4 ,in regard to the actual philosophical views expounded in this work1 there is an excellent way of clearing up any difficulties they may present1 and that is by an appeal to ,nietzsche's other works4 ,again and again1 of course1 he will be found to express himself so clearly that all reference to his other writings may be dispensed with2 but where this is not the case1 the advice he himself gives is after all the best to be followed here1 viz43--to regard such works as3 8,joyful ,science01 8,beyond ,good and ,evil01 8,the ,genealogy of ,morals01 8,the ,twilight of the ,idols01 8,the ,antichrist01 8,the ,will to ,power01 etc41 etc41 as the necessary preparation for 8,thus ,spake ,zarathustra04 ,these directions1 though they are by no means simple to carry out1 seem at least to possess the quality of definiteness and straightforwardness4 8,follow them and all will be clear10 ,i seem to imply4 ,but ,i regret to say that this is not really the case4 ,for my experience tells me that even after the above directions have been followed with the greatest possible zeal1 the student will still halt in perplexity before certain passages in the book before us1 and wonder what they mean4 ,now1 it is with the view of giving a little additional help to all those who find themselves in this position that ,i proceed to put forth my own personal interpretation of the more abstruse passages in this work4 ,in offering this little commentary to the ,nietzsche student1 ,i should like it to be understood that ,i make no claim as to its infallibility or indispensability4 ,it represents but an attempt on my part--a very feeble one perhaps--to give the reader what little help ,i can in surmounting difficulties which a long study of ,nietzsche's life and works has enabled me1 partially ,i hope1 to overcome4 444 ,perhaps it would be as well to start out with a broad and rapid sketch of ,nietzsche as a writer on ,morals1 ,evolution1 and ,sociology1 so that the reader may be prepared to pick out for himself1 so to speak1 all passages in this work bearing in any way upon ,nietzsche's views in those three important branches of knowledge4 7,a47 ,nietzsche and ,morality4 ,in morality1 ,nietzsche starts out by adopting the position of the relativist4 ,he says there are no absolute values 8good0 and 8evil02 these are mere means adopted by all in order to acquire power to maintain their place in the world1 or to become supreme4 ,it is the lion's good to devour an antelope4 ,it is the dead-leaf butterfly's good to tell a foe a falsehood4 ,for when the dead-leaf butterfly is in danger1 it clings to the side of a twig1 and what it says to its foe is practically this3 8,i am not a butterfly1 ,i am a dead leaf1 and can be of no use to thee40 ,this is a lie which is good to the butterfly1 for it preserves it4 ,in nature every species of organic being instinctively adopts and practises those acts which most conduce to the prevalence or supremacy of its kind4 ,once the most favourable order of conduct is found1 proved efficient and established1 it becomes the ruling morality of the species that adopts it and bears them along to victory4 ,all species must not and cannot value alike1 for what is the lion's good is the antelope's evil and vice versa4 ,concepts of good and evil are therefore1 in their origin1 merely a means to an end1 they are expedients for acquiring power4 ,applying this principle to mankind1 ,nietzsche attacked ,christian moral values4 ,he declared them to be1 like all other morals1 merely an expedient for protecting a certain type of man4 ,in the case of ,christianity this type was1 according to ,nietzsche1 a low one4 ,conflicting moral codes have been no more than the conflicting weapons of different classes of men2 for in mankind there is a continual war between the powerful1 the noble1 the strong1 and the well-constituted on the one side1 and the impotent1 the mean1 the weak1 and the ill-constituted on the other4 ,the war is a war of moral principles4 ,the morality of the powerful class1 ,nietzsche calls ,,noble- or ,,master-,,morality2 that of the weak and subordinate class he calls ,,slave-,,morality4 ,in the first morality it is the eagle which1 looking down upon a browsing lamb1 contends that 8eating lamb is good40 ,in the second1 the slave-morality1 it is the lamb which1 looking up from the sward1 bleats dissentingly3 8,eating lamb is evil40 7,b47 ,the ,master- and ,slave-,morality ,compared4 ,the first morality is active1 creative1 ,dionysian4 ,the second is passive1 defensive1--to it belongs the 8struggle for existence40 ,where attempts have not been made to reconcile the two moralities1 they may be described as follows3--,all is ,,good in the noble morality which proceeds from strength1 power1 health1 well-constitutedness1 happiness1 and awfulness2 for1 the motive force behind the people practising it is 8the struggle for power40 ,the antithesis 8good and bad0 to this first class means the same as 8noble0 and 8despicable40 8,bad0 in the master-morality must be applied to the coward1 to all acts that spring from weakness1 to the man with 8an eye to the main chance10 who would forsake everything in order to live4 ,with the second1 the slave-morality1 the case is different4 ,there1 inasmuch as the community is an oppressed1 suffering1 unemancipated1 and weary one1 all ,,that will be held to be good which alleviates the state of suffering4 ,pity1 the obliging hand1 the warm heart1 patience1 industry1 and humility--these are unquestionably the qualities we shall here find flooded with the light of approval and admiration2 because they are the most ,,useful qualities--2 they make life endurable1 they are of assistance in the 8struggle for existence0 which is the motive force behind the people practising this morality4 ,to this class1 all that is ,,awful is bad1 in fact it is ,,the evil par excellence4 ,strength1 health1 superabundance of animal spirits and power1 are regarded with hate1 suspicion1 and fear by the subordinate class4 ,now ,nietzsche believed that the first or the noble-morality conduced to an ascent in the line of life2 because it was creative and active4 ,on the other hand1 he believed that the second or slave-morality1 where it became paramount1 led to degeneration1 because it was passive and defensive1 wanting merely to keep those who practised it alive4 ,hence his earnest advocacy of noble-morality4 7,c47 ,nietzsche and ,evolution4 ,nietzsche as an evolutionist ,i shall have occasion to define and discuss in the course of these notes 7see ,notes on ,chapter ,,lvi41 par4 #aj1 and on ,chapter ,,lvii474 ,for the present let it suffice for us to know that he accepted the 8,development ,hypothesis0 as an explanation of the origin of species3 but he did not halt where most naturalists have halted4 ,he by no means regarded man as the highest possible being which evolution could arrive at2 for though his physical development may have reached its limit1 this is not the case with his mental or spiritual attributes4 ,if the process be a fact2 if things have ,,become what they are1 then1 he contends1 we may describe no limit to man's aspirations4 ,if he struggled up from barbarism1 and still more remotely from the lower ,primates1 his ideal should be to surpass man himself and reach ,superman 7see especially the ,prologue74 7,d47 ,nietzsche and ,sociology4 ,nietzsche as a sociologist aims at an aristocratic arrangement of society4 ,he would have us rear an ideal race4 ,honest and truthful in intellectual matters1 he could not even think that men are equal4 8,with these preachers of equality will ,i not be mixed up and confounded4 ,for thus speaketh justice unto ,,me3 #8,men are not equal4'0 ,he sees precisely in this inequality a purpose to be served1 a condition to be exploited4 8,every elevation of the type #8man1'0 he writes in 8,beyond ,good and ,evil01 8has hitherto been the work of an aristocratic society--and so will it always be--a society believing in a long scale of gradations of rank and differences of worth among human beings40 ,those who are sufficiently interested to desire to read his own detailed account of the society he would fain establish1 will find an excellent passage in ,aphorism #eg of 8,the ,antichrist04 444 ,,part ,i4 ,,the ,,prologue4 ,in ,part ,i4 including the ,prologue1 no very great difficulties will appear4 ,zarathustra's habit of designating a whole class of men or a whole school of thought by a single fitting nickname may perhaps lead to a little confusion at first2 but1 as a rule1 when the general drift of his arguments is grasped1 it requires but a slight effort of the imagination to discover whom he is referring to4 ,in the ninth paragraph of the ,prologue1 for instance1 it is quite obvious that 8,herdsmen0 in the verse 8,herdsmen1 ,i say1 etc41 etc410 stands for all those to-day who are the advocates of gregariousness--of the ant-hill4 ,and when our author says3 8,a robber shall ,zarathustra be called by the herdsmen10 it is clear that these words may be taken almost literally from one whose ideal was the rearing of a higher aristocracy4 ,again1 8the good and just10 throughout the book1 is the expression used in referring to the self-righteous of modern times1--those who are quite sure that they know all that is to be known concerning good and evil1 and are satisfied that the values their little world of tradition has handed down to them1 are destined to rule mankind as long as it lasts4 ,in the last paragraph of the ,prologue1 verse #g1 ,zarathustra gives us a foretaste of his teaching concerning the big and the little sagacities1 expounded subsequently4 ,he says he would he were as wise as his serpent2 this desire will be found explained in the discourse entitled 8,the ,despisers of the ,body01 which ,i shall have occasion to refer to later4 444 ,,the ,,discourses4 ,chapter ,i4 ,the ,three ,metamorphoses4 ,this opening discourse is a parable in which ,zarathustra discloses the mental development of all creators of new values4 ,it is the story of a life which reaches its consummation in attaining to a second ingenuousness or in returning to childhood4 ,nietzsche1 the supposed anarchist1 here plainly disclaims all relationship whatever to anarchy1 for he shows us that only by bearing the burdens of the existing law and submitting to it patiently1 as the camel submits to being laden1 does the free spirit acquire that ascendancy over tradition which enables him to meet and master the dragon 8,thou shalt10--the dragon with the values of a thousand years glittering on its scales4 ,there are two lessons in this discourse3 first1 that in order to create one must be as a little child2 secondly1 that it is only through existing law and order that one attains to that height from which new law and new order may be promulgated4 ,chapter ,,ii4 ,the ,academic ,chairs of ,virtue4 ,almost the whole of this is quite comprehensible4 ,it is a discourse against all those who confound virtue with tameness and smug ease1 and who regard as virtuous only that which promotes security and tends to deepen sleep4 ,chapter ,,iv4 ,the ,despisers of the ,body4 ,here ,zarathustra gives names to the intellect and the instincts2 he calls the one 8the little sagacity0 and the latter 8the big sagacity40 ,schopenhauer's teaching concerning the intellect is fully endorsed here4 8,an instrument of thy body is also thy little sagacity1 my brother1 which thou callest #8spirit1'0 says ,zarathustra4 ,from beginning to end it is a warning to those who would think too lightly of the instincts and unduly exalt the intellect and its derivatives3 ,reason and ,understanding4 ,chapter ,,ix4 ,the ,preachers of ,death4 ,this is an analysis of the psychology of all those who have the 8evil eye0 and are pessimists by virtue of their constitutions4 ,chapter ,,xv4 ,the ,thousand and ,one ,goals4 ,in this discourse ,zarathustra opens his exposition of the doctrine of relativity in morality1 and declares all morality to be a mere means to power4 ,needless to say that verses #i1 #aj1 #aa1 and #ab refer to the ,greeks1 the ,persians1 the ,jews1 and the ,germans respectively4 ,in the penultimate verse he makes known his discovery concerning the root of modern ,nihilism and indifference1--i4e41 that modern man has no goal1 no aim1 no ideals 7see ,note ,a74 ,chapter ,,xviii4 ,old and ,young ,women4 ,nietzsche's views on women have either to be loved at first sight or they become perhaps the greatest obstacle in the way of those who otherwise would be inclined to accept his philosophy4 ,women especially1 of course1 have been taught to dislike them1 because it has been rumoured that his views are unfriendly to themselves4 ,now1 to my mind1 all this is pure misunderstanding and error4 ,german philosophers1 thanks to ,schopenhauer1 have earned rather a bad name for their views on women4 ,it is almost impossible for one of them to write a line on the subject1 however kindly he may do so1 without being suspected of wishing to open a crusade against the fair sex4 ,despite the fact1 therefore1 that all ,nietzsche's views in this respect were dictated to him by the profoundest love2 despite ,zarathustra's reservation in this discourse1 that 8with women nothing 7that can be said7 is impossible10 and in the face of other overwhelming evidence to the contrary1 ,nietzsche is universally reported to have mis son pied dans le plat1 where the female sex is concerned4 ,and what is the fundamental doctrine which has given rise to so much bitterness and aversion8--,merely this3 that the sexes are at bottom ,,antagonistic--that is to say1 as different as blue is from yellow1 and that the best possible means of rearing anything approaching a desirable race is to preserve and to foster this profound hostility4 ,what ,nietzsche strives to combat and to overthrow is the modern democratic tendency which is slowly labouring to level all things--even the sexes4 ,his quarrel is not with women--what indeed could be more undignified8--it is with those who would destroy the natural relationship between the sexes1 by modifying either the one or the other with a view to making them more alike4 ,the human world is just as dependent upon women's powers as upon men's4 ,it is women's strongest and most valuable instincts which help to determine who are to be the fathers of the next generation4 ,by destroying these particular instincts1 that is to say by attempting to masculinise woman1 and to feminise men1 we jeopardise the future of our people4 ,the general democratic movement of modern times1 in its frantic struggle to mitigate all differences1 is now invading even the world of sex4 ,it is against this movement that ,nietzsche raises his voice2 he would have woman become ever more woman and man become ever more man4 ,only thus1 and he is undoubtedly right1 can their combined instincts lead to the excellence of humanity4 ,regarded in this light1 all his views on woman appear not only necessary but just 7see ,note on ,chapter ,,lvi41 par4 #ba47 ,it is interesting to observe that the last line of the discourse1 which has so frequently been used by women as a weapon against ,nietzsche's views concerning them1 was suggested to ,nietzsche by a woman 7see 8,das ,leben ,f4 ,nietzsche's074 ,chapter ,,xxi4 ,voluntary ,death4 ,in regard to this discourse1 ,i should only like to point out that ,nietzsche had a particular aversion to the word 8suicide0--self-murder4 ,he disliked the evil it suggested1 and in rechristening the act ,voluntary ,death1 i4e41 the death that comes from no other hand than one's own1 he was desirous of elevating it to the position it held in classical antiquity 7see ,aphorism #cf in 8,the ,twilight of the ,idols074 ,chapter ,,xxii4 ,the ,bestowing ,virtue4 ,an important aspect of ,nietzsche's philosophy is brought to light in this discourse4 ,his teaching1 as is well known1 places the ,aristotelian man of spirit1 above all others in the natural divisions of man4 ,the man with overflowing strength1 both of mind and body1 who must discharge this strength or perish1 is the ,nietzschean ideal4 ,to such a man1 giving from his overflow becomes a necessity2 bestowing develops into a means of existence1 and this is the only giving1 the only charity1 that ,nietzsche recognises4 ,in paragraph #c of the discourse1 we read ,zarathustra's healthy exhortation to his disciples to become independent thinkers and to find themselves before they learn any more from him 7see ,notes on ,chapters ,,lvi41 par4 #e1 and ,,lxxiii41 pars4 #aj1 #aa74 444 ,,part ,,ii4 ,chapter ,,xxiii4 ,the ,child with the ,mirror4 ,nietzsche tells us here1 in a poetical form1 how deeply grieved he was by the manifold misinterpretations and misunderstandings which were becoming rife concerning his publications4 ,he does not recognise himself in the mirror of public opinion1 and recoils terrified from the distorted reflection of his features4 ,in verse #bj he gives us a hint which it were well not to pass over too lightly2 for1 in the introduction to 8,the ,genealogy of ,morals0 7written in #ahhg7 he finds it necessary to refer to the matter again and with greater precision4 ,the point is this1 that a creator of new values meets with his surest and strongest obstacles in the very spirit of the language which is at his disposal4 ,words1 like all other manifestations of an evolving race1 are stamped with the values that have long been paramount in that race4 ,now1 the original thinker who finds himself compelled to use the current speech of his country in order to impart new and hitherto untried views to his fellows1 imposes a task upon the natural means of communication which it is totally unfitted to perform1--hence the obscurities and prolixities which are so frequently met with in the writings of original thinkers4 ,in the 8,dawn of ,day01 ,nietzsche actually cautions young writers against ,,the ,,danger ,,of ,,allowing ,,their ,,thoughts ,,to ,,be ,,moulded ,,by ,,the ,,words ,,at ,,their ,,disposal4 ,chapter ,,xxiv4 ,in the ,happy ,isles4 ,while writing this1 ,nietzsche is supposed to have been thinking of the island of ,ischia which was ultimately destroyed by an earthquake4 ,his teaching here is quite clear4 ,he was among the first thinkers of ,europe to overcome the pessimism which godlessness generally brings in its wake4 ,he points to creating as the surest salvation from the suffering which is a concomitant of all higher life4 8,what would there be to create10 he asks1 8if there were--,gods80 ,his ideal1 the ,superman1 lends him the cheerfulness necessary to the overcoming of that despair usually attendant upon godlessness and upon the apparent aimlessness of a world without a god4 ,chapter ,,xxix4 ,the ,tarantulas4 ,the tarantulas are the ,socialists and ,democrats4 ,this discourse offers us an analysis of their mental attitude4 ,nietzsche refuses to be confounded with those resentful and revengeful ones who condemn society ,,from ,,below1 and whose criticism is only suppressed envy4 8,there are those who preach my doctrine of life10 he says of the ,nietzschean ,socialists1 8and are at the same time preachers of equality and tarantulas0 7see ,notes on ,chapter ,,xl4 and ,chapter ,,li474 ,chapter ,,xxx4 ,the ,famous ,wise ,ones4 ,this refers to all those philosophers hitherto1 who have run in the harness of established values and have not risked their reputation with the people in pursuit of truth4 ,the philosopher1 however1 as ,nietzsche understood him1 is a man who creates new values1 and thus leads mankind in a new direction4 ,chapter ,,xxxiii4 ,the ,grave-,song4 ,here ,zarathustra sings about the ideals and friendships of his youth4 ,verses #bg to #ca undoubtedly refer to ,richard ,wagner 7see ,note on ,chapter ,,lxv474 ,chapter ,,xxxiv4 ,self-,surpassing4 ,in this discourse we get the best exposition in the whole book of ,nietzsche's doctrine of the ,will to ,power4 ,i go into this question thoroughly in the ,note on ,chapter ,,lvii4 ,nietzsche was not an iconoclast from choice4 ,those who hastily class him with the anarchists 7or the ,progressivists of the last century7 fail to understand the high esteem in which he always held both law and discipline4 ,in verse #da of this most decisive discourse he truly explains his position when he says3 8444he who hath to be a creator in good and evil--verily he hath first to be a destroyer1 and break values in pieces40 ,this teaching in regard to self-control is evidence enough of his reverence for law4 ,chapter ,,xxxv4 ,the ,sublime ,ones4 ,these belong to a type which ,nietzsche did not altogether dislike1 but which he would fain have rendered more subtle and plastic4 ,it is the type that takes life and itself too seriously1 that never surmounts the camel-stage mentioned in the first discourse1 and that is obdurately sublime and earnest4 ,to be able to smile while speaking of lofty things and ,,not ,,to ,,be ,,oppressed by them1 is the secret of real greatness4 ,he whose hand trembles when it lays hold of a beautiful thing1 has the quality of reverence1 without the artist's unembarrassed friendship with the beautiful4 ,hence the mistakes which have arisen in regard to confounding ,nietzsche with his extreme opposites the anarchists and agitators4 ,for what they dare to touch and break with the impudence and irreverence of the unappreciative1 he seems likewise to touch and break1--but with other fingers--with the fingers of the loving and unembarrassed artist who is on good terms with the beautiful and who feels able to create it and to enhance it with his touch4 ,the question of taste plays an important part in ,nietzsche's philosophy1 and verses #i1 #aj of this discourse exactly state ,nietzsche's ultimate views on the subject4 ,in the 8,spirit of ,gravity01 he actually cries3--8,neither a good nor a bad taste1 but ,,my taste1 of which ,i have no longer either shame or secrecy40 ,chapter ,,xxxvi4 ,the ,land of ,culture4 ,this is a poetical epitome of some of the scathing criticism of scholars which appears in the first of the 8,thoughts out of ,season0--the polemical pamphlet 7written in #ahgc7 against ,david ,strauss and his school4 ,he reproaches his former colleagues with being sterile and shows them that their sterility is the result of their not believing in anything4 8,he who had to create1 had always his presaging dreams and astral premonitions--and believed in believing60 7,see ,note on ,chapter ,,lxxvii47 ,in the last two verses he reveals the nature of his altruism4 ,how far it differs from that of ,christianity we have already read in the discourse 8,neighbour-,love01 but here he tells us definitely the nature of his love to mankind2 he explains why he was compelled to assail the ,christian values of pity and excessive love of the neighbour1 not only because they are slave-values and therefore tend to promote degeneration 7see ,note ,b471 but because he could only love his children's land1 the undiscovered land in a remote sea2 because he would fain retrieve the errors of his fathers in his children4 ,chapter ,,xxxvii4 ,immaculate ,perception4 ,an important feature of ,nietzsche's interpretation of ,life is disclosed in this discourse4 ,as ,buckle suggests in his 8,influence of ,women on the ,progress of ,knowledge01 the scientific spirit of the investigator is both helped and supplemented by the latter's emotions and personality1 and the divorce of all emotionalism and individual temperament from science is a fatal step towards sterility4 ,zarathustra abjures all those who would fain turn an ,,impersonal eye upon nature and contemplate her phenomena with that pure objectivity to which the scientific idealists of to-day would so much like to attain4 ,he accuses such idealists of hypocrisy and guile2 he says they lack innocence in their desires and therefore slander all desiring4 ,chapter ,,xxxviii4 ,scholars4 ,this is a record of ,nietzsche's final breach with his former colleagues--the scholars of ,germany4 ,already after the publication of the 8,birth of ,tragedy01 numbers of ,german philologists and professional philosophers had denounced him as one who had strayed too far from their flock1 and his lectures at the ,university of ,bale were deserted in consequence2 but it was not until #ahgi1 when he finally severed all connection with ,university work1 that he may be said to have attained to the freedom and independence which stamp this discourse4 ,chapter ,,xxxix4 ,poets4 ,people have sometimes said that ,nietzsche had no sense of humour4 ,i have no intention of defending him here against such foolish critics2 ,i should only like to point out to the reader that we have him here at his best1 poking fun at himself1 and at his fellow-poets 7see ,note on ,chapter ,,lxiii41 pars4 #af1 #ag1 #ah1 #ai1 #bj74 ,chapter ,,xl4 ,great ,events4 ,here we seem to have a puzzle4 ,zarathustra himself1 while relating his experience with the fire-dog to his disciples1 fails to get them interested in his narrative1 and we also may be only too ready to turn over these pages under the impression that they are little more than a mere phantasy or poetical flight4 ,zarathustra's interview with the fire-dog is1 however1 of great importance4 ,in it we find ,nietzsche face to face with the creature he most sincerely loathes--the spirit of revolution1 and we obtain fresh hints concerning his hatred of the anarchist and rebel4 8#8,freedom' ye all roar most eagerly10 he says to the fire-dog1 8but ,i have unlearned the belief in #8,great ,events' when there is much roaring and smoke about them4 ,not around the inventors of new noise1 but around the inventors of new values1 doth the world revolve2 ,,inaudibly it revolveth40 ,chapter ,,xli4 ,the ,soothsayer4 ,this refers1 of course1 to ,schopenhauer4 ,nietzsche1 as is well known1 was at one time an ardent follower of ,schopenhauer4 ,he overcame ,pessimism by discovering an object in existence2 he saw the possibility of raising society to a higher level and preached the profoundest ,optimism in consequence4 ,chapter ,,xlii4 ,redemption4 ,zarathustra here addresses cripples4 ,he tells them of other cripples--the ,,great ,,men in this world who have one organ or faculty inordinately developed at the cost of their other faculties4 ,this is doubtless a reference to a fact which is too often noticeable in the case of so many of the world's giants in art1 science1 or religion4 ,in verse #ai we are told what ,nietzsche called ,redemption--that is to say1 the ability to say of all that is past3 8,thus would ,i have it40 ,the in ability to say this1 and the resentment which results therefrom1 he regards as the source of all our feelings of revenge1 and all our desires to punish--punishment meaning to him merely a euphemism for the word revenge1 invented in order to still our consciences4 ,he who can be proud of his enemies1 who can be grateful to them for the obstacles they have put in his way2 he who can regard his worst calamity as but the extra strain on the bow of his life1 which is to send the arrow of his longing even further than he could have hoped2--this man knows no revenge1 neither does he know despair1 he truly has found redemption and can turn on the worst in his life and even in himself1 and call it his best 7see ,notes on ,chapter ,,lvii474 ,chapter ,,xliii4 ,manly ,prudence4 ,this discourse is very important4 ,in 8,beyond ,good and ,evil0 we hear often enough that the select and superior man must wear a mask1 and here we find this injunction explained4 8,and he who would not languish amongst men1 must learn to drink out of all glasses3 and he who would keep clean amongst men1 must know how to wash himself even with dirty water40 ,this1 ,i venture to suggest1 requires some explanation4 ,at a time when individuality is supposed to be shown most tellingly by putting boots on one's hands and gloves on one's feet1 it is somewhat refreshing to come across a true individualist who feels the chasm between himself and others so deeply1 that he must perforce adapt himself to them outwardly1 at least1 in all respects1 so that the inner difference should be overlooked4 ,nietzsche practically tells us here that it is not he who intentionally wears eccentric clothes or does eccentric things who is truly the individualist4 ,the profound man1 who is by nature differentiated from his fellows1 feels this difference too keenly to call attention to it by any outward show4 ,he is shamefast and bashful with those who surround him and wishes not to be discovered by them1 just as one instinctively avoids all lavish display of comfort or wealth in the presence of a poor friend4 ,chapter ,,xliv4 ,the ,stillest ,hour4 ,this seems to me to give an account of the great struggle which must have taken place in ,nietzsche's soul before he finally resolved to make known the more esoteric portions of his teaching4 ,our deepest feelings crave silence4 ,there is a certain self-respect in the serious man which makes him hold his profoundest feelings sacred4 ,before they are uttered they are full of the modesty of a virgin1 and often the oldest sage will blush like a girl when this virginity is violated by an indiscretion which forces him to reveal his deepest thoughts4 444 ,,part ,,iii4 ,this is perhaps the most important of all the four parts4 ,if it contained only 8,the ,vision and the ,enigma0 and 8,the ,old and ,new ,tables0 ,i should still be of this opinion2 for in the former of these discourses we meet with what ,nietzsche regarded as the crowning doctrine of his philosophy and in 8,the ,old and ,new ,tables0 we have a valuable epitome of practically all his leading principles4 ,chapter ,,xlvi4 ,the ,vision and the ,enigma4 8,the ,vision and the ,enigma0 is perhaps an example of ,nietzsche in his most obscure vein4 ,we must know how persistently he inveighed against the oppressing and depressing influence of man's sense of guilt and consciousness of sin in order fully to grasp the significance of this discourse4 ,slowly but surely1 he thought the values of ,christianity and ,judaic traditions had done their work in the minds of men4 ,what were once but expedients devised for the discipline of a certain portion of humanity1 had now passed into man's blood and had become instincts4 ,this oppressive and paralysing sense of guilt and of sin is what ,nietzsche refers to when he speaks of 8the spirit of gravity40 ,this creature half-dwarf1 half-mole1 whom he bears with him a certain distance on his climb and finally defies1 and whom he calls his devil and arch-enemy1 is nothing more than the heavy millstone 8guilty conscience10 together with the concept of sin which at present hangs round the neck of men4 ,to rise above it--to soar--is the most difficult of all things to-day4 ,nietzsche is able to think cheerfully and optimistically of the possibility of life in this world recurring again and again1 when he has once cast the dwarf from his shoulders1 and he announces his doctrine of the ,eternal ,recurrence of all things great and small to his arch-enemy and in defiance of him4 ,that there is much to be said for ,nietzsche's hypothesis of the ,eternal ,recurrence of all things great and small1 nobody who has read the literature on the subject will doubt for an instant2 but it remains a very daring conjecture notwithstanding and even in its ultimate effect1 as a dogma1 on the minds of men1 ,i venture to doubt whether ,nietzsche ever properly estimated its worth 7see ,note on ,chapter ,,lvii474 ,what follows is clear enough4 ,zarathustra sees a young shepherd struggling on the ground with a snake holding fast to the back of his throat4 ,the sage1 assuming that the snake must have crawled into the young man's mouth while he lay sleeping1 runs to his help and pulls at the loathsome reptile with all his might1 but in vain4 ,at last1 in despair1 ,zarathustra appeals to the young man's will4 ,knowing full well what a ghastly operation he is recommending1 he nevertheless cries1 8,bite6 ,bite6 ,its head off6 ,bite60 as the only possible solution of the difficulty4 ,the young shepherd bites1 and far away he spits the snake's head1 whereupon he rises1 8,no longer shepherd1 no longer man--a transfigured being1 a light-surrounded being1 that ,,laughed6 ,never on earth laughed a man as he laughed60 ,in this parable the young shepherd is obviously the man of to-day2 the snake that chokes him represents the stultifying and paralysing social values that threaten to shatter humanity1 and the advice 8,bite6 ,bite60 is but ,nietzsche's exasperated cry to mankind to alter their values before it is too late4 ,chapter ,,xlvii4 ,involuntary ,bliss4 ,this1 like 8,the ,wanderer01 is one of the many introspective passages in the work1 and is full of innuendos and hints as to the ,nietzschean outlook on life4 ,chapter ,,xlviii4 ,before ,sunrise4 ,here we have a record of ,zarathustra's avowal of optimism1 as also the important statement concerning 8,chance0 or 8,accident0 7verse #bg74 ,those who are familiar with ,nietzsche's philosophy will not require to be told what an important role his doctrine of chance plays in his teaching4 ,the ,giant ,chance has hitherto played with the puppet 8man10--this is the fact he cannot contemplate with equanimity4 ,man shall now exploit chance1 he says again and again1 and make it fall on its knees before him6 7,see verse #cc in 8,on the ,olive-,mount01 and verses #i-aj in 8,the ,bedwarfing ,virtue074 ,chapter ,,xlix4 ,the ,bedwarfing ,virtue4 ,this requires scarcely any comment4 ,it is a satire on modern man and his belittling virtues4 ,in verses #bc and #bd of the second part of the discourse we are reminded of ,nietzsche's powerful indictment of the great of to-day1 in the ,antichrist 7,aphorism #dc73--8;,at present nobody has any longer the courage for separate rights1 for rights of domination1 for a feeling of reverence for himself and his equals1--,,for ,,pathos ,,of ,,distance4444 ,our politics are ,,morbid from this want of courage6--,the aristocracy of character has been undermined most craftily by the lie of the equality of souls2 and if the belief in the #8privilege of the many1' makes revolutions and ,,will ,,continue ,,to ,,make them1 it is ,christianity1 let us not doubt it1 it is ,,christian valuations1 which translate every revolution merely into blood and crime60 7see also 8,beyond ,good and ,evil01 pages #abj1 #aba74 ,nietzsche thought it was a bad sign of the times that even rulers have lost the courage of their positions1 and that a man of ,frederick the ,great's power and distinguished gifts should have been able to say3 8,ich bin der erste ,diener des ,staates0 7,i am the first servant of the ,state47 ,to this utterance of the great sovereign1 verse #bd undoubtedly refers4 8,cowardice0 and 8,mediocrity10 are the names with which he labels modern notions of virtue and moderation4 ,in ,part ,,iii41 we get the sentiments of the discourse 8,in the ,happy ,isles01 but perhaps in stronger terms4 ,once again we find ,nietzsche thoroughly at ease1 if not cheerful1 as an atheist1 and speaking with vertiginous daring of making chance go on its knees to him4 ,in verse #bj1 ,zarathustra makes yet another attempt at defining his entirely anti-anarchical attitude1 and unless such passages have been completely overlooked or deliberately ignored hitherto by those who will persist in laying anarchy at his door1 it is impossible to understand how he ever became associated with that foul political party4 ,the last verse introduces the expression1 8,,the ,,great ,,noontide60 ,in the poem to be found at the end of 8,beyond ,good and ,evil01 we meet with the expression again1 and we shall find it occurring time and again in ,nietzsche's works4 ,it will be found fully elucidated in the fifth part of 8,the ,twilight of the ,idols02 but for those who cannot refer to this book1 it were well to point out that ,nietzsche called the present period--our period--the noon of man's history4 ,dawn is behind us4 ,the childhood of mankind is over4 ,now we ,,know2 there is now no longer any excuse for mistakes which will tend to botch and disfigure the type man4 8,with respect to what is past10 he says1 8,i have1 like all discerning ones1 great toleration1 that is to say1 ,,generous self-control4444 ,but my feeling changes suddenly1 and breaks out as soon as ,i enter the modern period1 ,,our period4 ,our age ,,knows4440 7,see ,note on ,chapter ,,lxx474 ,chapter ,,li4 ,on ,passing-by4 ,here we find ,nietzsche confronted with his extreme opposite1 with him therefore for whom he is most frequently mistaken by the unwary4 8,zarathustra's ape0 he is called in the discourse4 ,he is one of those at whose hands ,nietzsche had to suffer most during his life-time1 and at whose hands his philosophy has suffered most since his death4 ,in this respect it may seem a little trivial to speak of extremes meeting2 but it is wonderfully apt4 ,many have adopted ,nietzsche's mannerisms and word-coinages1 who had nothing in common with him beyond the ideas and 8business0 they plagiarised2 but the superficial observer and a large portion of the public1 not knowing of these things1--not knowing perhaps that there are iconoclasts who destroy out of love and are therefore creators1 and that there are others who destroy out of resentment and revengefulness and who are therefore revolutionists and anarchists1--are prone to confound the two1 to the detriment of the nobler type4 ,if we now read what the fool says to ,zarathustra1 and note the tricks of speech he has borrowed from him3 if we carefully follow the attitude he assumes1 we shall understand why ,zarathustra finally interrupts him4 8,stop this at once10 ,zarathustra cries1 8long have thy speech and thy species disgusted me4444 ,out of love alone shall my contempt and my warning bird take wing2 ,,but ,,not ,,out ,,of ,,the ,,swamp60 ,it were well if this discourse were taken to heart by all those who are too ready to associate ,nietzsche with lesser and noiser men1--with mountebanks and mummers4 ,chapter ,,lii4 ,the ,apostates4 ,it is clear that this applies to all those breathless and hasty 8tasters of everything10 who plunge too rashly into the sea of independent thought and 8heresy10 and who1 having miscalculated their strength1 find it impossible to keep their head above water4 8,a little older1 a little colder10 says ,nietzsche4 ,they soon clamber back to the conventions of the age they intended reforming4 ,the ,french then say 8le diable se fait hermite10 but these men1 as a rule1 have never been devils1 neither do they become angels2 for1 in order to be really good or evil1 some strength and deep breathing is required4 ,those who are more interested in supporting orthodoxy than in being over nice concerning the kind of support they give it1 often refer to these people as evidence in favour of the true faith4 ,chapter ,,liii4 ,the ,return ,home4 ,this is an example of a class of writing which may be passed over too lightly by those whom poetasters have made distrustful of poetry4 ,from first to last it is extremely valuable as an autobiographical note4 ,the inevitable superficiality of the rabble is contrasted with the peaceful and profound depths of the anchorite4 ,here we first get a direct hint concerning ,nietzsche's fundamental passion--the main force behind all his new values and scathing criticism of existing values4 ,in verse #cj we are told that pity was his greatest danger4 ,the broad altruism of the law-giver1 thinking over vast eras of time1 was continually being pitted by ,nietzsche1 in himself1 against that transient and meaner sympathy for the neighbour which he more perhaps than any of his contemporaries had suffered from1 but which he was certain involved enormous dangers not only for himself but also to the next and subsequent generations 7see ,note ,b41 where 8pity0 is mentioned among the degenerate virtues74 ,later in the book we shall see how his profound compassion leads him into temptation1 and how frantically he struggles against it4 ,in verses #ca and #cb1 he tells us to what extent he had to modify himself in order to be endured by his fellows whom he loved 7see also verse #ab in 8,manly ,prudence074 ,nietzsche's great love for his fellows1 which he confesses in the ,prologue1 and which is at the root of all his teaching1 seems rather to elude the discerning powers of the average philanthropist and modern man4 ,he cannot see the wood for the trees4 ,a philanthropy that sacrifices the minority of the present-day for the majority constituting posterity1 completely evades his mental grasp1 and ,nietzsche's philosophy1 because it declares ,christian values to be a danger to the future of our kind1 is therefore shelved as brutal1 cold1 and hard 7see ,note on ,chapter ,,xxxvi474 ,nietzsche tried to be all things to all men2 he was sufficiently fond of his fellows for that3 in the ,return ,home he describes how he ultimately returns to loneliness in order to recover from the effects of his experiment4 ,chapter ,,liv4 ,the ,three ,evil ,things4 ,nietzsche is here completely in his element4 ,three things hitherto best cursed and most calumniated on earth1 are brought forward to be weighed4 ,voluptuousness1 thirst of power1 and selfishness1--the three forces in humanity which ,christianity has done most to garble and besmirch1--,nietzsche endeavours to reinstate in their former places of honour4 ,voluptuousness1 or sensual pleasure1 is a dangerous thing to discuss nowadays4 ,if we mention it with favour we may be regarded1 however unjustly1 as the advocate of savages1 satyrs1 and pure sensuality4 ,if we condemn it1 we either go over to the ,puritans or we join those who are wont to come to table with no edge to their appetites and who therefore grumble at all good fare4 ,there can be no doubt that the value of healthy innocent voluptuousness1 like the value of health itself1 must have been greatly discounted by all those who1 resenting their inability to partake of this world's goods1 cried like ,st ,paul3 8,i would that all men were even as ,i myself40 ,now ,nietzsche's philosophy might be called an attempt at giving back to healthy and normal men innocence and a clean conscience in their desires--,,not to applaud the vulgar sensualists who respond to every stimulus and whose passions are out of hand2 not to tell the mean1 selfish individual1 whose selfishness is a pollution 7see ,aphorism #cc1 8,twilight of the ,idols071 that he is right1 nor to assure the weak1 the sick1 and the crippled1 that the thirst of power1 which they gratify by exploiting the happier and healthier individuals1 is justified2--but to save the clean healthy man from the values of those around him1 who look at everything through the mud that is in their own bodies1--to give him1 and him alone1 a clean conscience in his manhood and the desires of his manhood4 8,do ,i counsel you to slay your instincts8 ,i counsel to innocence in your instincts40 ,in verse #g of the second paragraph 7as in verse ,i of paragraph #ai in 8,the ,old and ,new ,tables07 ,nietzsche gives us a reason for his occasional obscurity 7see also verses #c to #g of 8,poets074 ,as ,i have already pointed out1 his philosophy is quite esoteric4 ,it can serve no purpose with the ordinary1 mediocre type of man4 ,i1 personally1 can no longer have any doubt that ,nietzsche's only object1 in that part of his philosophy where he bids his friends stand 8,beyond ,good and ,evil0 with him1 was to save higher men1 whose growth and scope might be limited by the too strict observance of modern values from foundering on the rocks of a 8,compromise0 between their own genius and traditional conventions4 ,the only possible way in which the great man can achieve greatness is by means of exceptional freedom--the freedom which assists him in experiencing ,,himself4 ,verses #bj to #cj afford an excellent supplement to ,nietzsche's description of the attitude of the noble type towards the slaves in ,aphorism #bfj of the work 8,beyond ,good and ,evil0 7see also ,note ,b47 ,chapter ,,lv4 ,the ,spirit of ,gravity4 7,see ,note on ,chapter ,,xlvi47 ,in ,part ,,ii4 of this discourse we meet with a doctrine not touched upon hitherto1 save indirectly2--,i refer to the doctrine of self-love4 ,we should try to understand this perfectly before proceeding2 for it is precisely views of this sort which1 after having been cut out of the original context1 are repeated far and wide as internal evidence proving the general unsoundness of ,nietzsche's philosophy4 ,already in the last of the 8,thoughts out of ,season0 ,nietzsche speaks as follows about modern men3 8444these modern creatures wish rather to be hunted down1 wounded and torn to shreds1 than to live alone with themselves in solitary calm4 ,alone with oneself6--this thought terrifies the modern soul2 it is his one anxiety1 his one ghastly fear0 7,english ,edition1 page #ada74 ,in his feverish scurry to find entertainment and diversion1 whether in a novel1 a newspaper1 or a play1 the modern man condemns his own age utterly2 for he shows that in his heart of hearts he despises himself4 ,one cannot change a condition of this sort in a day2 to become endurable to oneself an inner transformation is necessary4 ,too long have we lost ourselves in our friends and entertainments to be able to find ourselves so soon at another's bidding4 8,and verily1 it is no commandment for to-day and to-morrow to ,,learn to love oneself4 ,rather is it of all arts the finest1 subtlest1 last1 and patientest40 ,in the last verse ,nietzsche challenges us to show that our way is the right way4 ,in his teaching he does not coerce us1 nor does he overpersuade2 he simply says3 8,i am a law only for mine own1 ,i am not a law for all4 ,this--is now ,,my way1--where is yours80 ,chapter ,,lvi4 ,old and ,new ,tables4 ,par4 #b4 ,nietzsche himself declares this to be the most decisive portion of the whole of 8,thus ,spake ,zarathustra04 ,it is a sort of epitome of his leading doctrines4 ,in verse #ab of the second paragraph1 we learn how he himself would fain have abandoned the poetical method of expression had he not known only too well that the only chance a new doctrine has of surviving1 nowadays1 depends upon its being given to the world in some kind of art-form4 ,just as prophets1 centuries ago1 often had to have recourse to the mask of madness in order to mitigate the hatred of those who did not and could not see as they did2 so1 to-day1 the struggle for existence among opinions and values is so great1 that an art-form is practically the only garb in which a new philosophy can dare to introduce itself to us4 ,pars4 #c and #d4 ,many of the paragraphs will be found to be merely reminiscent of former discourses4 ,for instance1 par4 #c recalls 8,redemption04 ,the last verse of par4 #d is important4 ,freedom which1 as ,i have pointed out before1 ,nietzsche considered a dangerous acquisition in inexperienced or unworthy hands1 here receives its death-blow as a general desideratum4 ,in the first ,part we read under 8,the ,way of the ,creating ,one01 that freedom as an end in itself does not concern ,zarathustra at all4 ,he says there3 8,free from what8 ,what doth that matter to ,zarathustra8 ,clearly1 however1 shall thine eye answer me3 free ,,for ,,what80 ,and in 8,the ,bedwarfing ,virtue03 8,ah that ye understood my word3 #8,do ever what ye will--but first be such as ,,can ,,will4'0 ,par4 #e4 ,here we have a description of the kind of altruism ,nietzsche exacted from higher men4 ,it is really a comment upon 8,the ,bestowing ,virtue0 7see ,note on ,chapter ,,xxii474 ,par4 #f4 ,this refers1 of course1 to the reception pioneers of ,nietzsche's stamp meet with at the hands of their contemporaries4 ,par4 #h4 ,nietzsche teaches that nothing is stable1--not even values1--not even the concepts good and evil4 ,he likens life unto a stream4 ,but foot-bridges and railings span the stream1 and they seem to stand firm4 ,many will be reminded of good and evil when they look upon these structures2 for thus these same values stand over the stream of life1 and life flows on beneath them and leaves them standing4 ,when1 however1 winter comes and the stream gets frozen1 many inquire3 8,should not everything--,,stand ,,still8 ,fundamentally everything standeth still40 ,but soon the spring cometh and with it the thaw-wind4 ,it breaks the ice1 and the ice breaks down the foot-bridges and railings1 whereupon everything is swept away4 ,this state of affairs1 according to ,nietzsche1 has now been reached4 8,oh1 my brethren1 is not everything ,,at ,,present ,,in ,,flux8 ,have not all railings and foot-bridges fallen into the water8 ,who would still ,,hold ,,on to #8good' and #8evil'80 ,par4 #i4 ,this is complementary to the first three verses of par4 #b4 ,par4 #aj4 ,so far1 this is perhaps the most important paragraph4 ,it is a protest against reading a moral order of things in life4 8,life is something essentially immoral60 ,nietzsche tells us in the introduction to the 8,birth of ,tragedy04 ,even to call life 8activity10 or to define it further as 8the continuous adjustment of internal relations to external relations10 as ,spencer has it1 ,nietzsche characterises as a 8democratic idiosyncracy40 ,he says to define it in this way1 8is to mistake the true nature and function of life1 which is ,will to ,power4444 ,life is ,,essentially appropriation1 injury1 conquest of the strange and weak1 suppression1 severity1 obtrusion of its own forms1 incorporation and at least1 putting it mildest1 exploitation40 ,adaptation is merely a secondary activity1 a mere re-activity 7see ,note on ,chapter ,,lvii474 ,pars4 #aa1 #ab4 ,these deal with ,nietzsche's principle of the desirability of rearing a select race4 ,the biological and historical grounds for his insistence upon this principle are1 of course1 manifold4 ,gobineau in his great work1 8,l',inegalite des ,races ,humaines01 lays strong emphasis upon the evils which arise from promiscuous and inter-social marriages4 ,he alone would suffice to carry ,nietzsche's point against all those who are opposed to the other conditions1 to the conditions which would have saved ,rome1 which have maintained the strength of the ,jewish race1 and which are strictly maintained by every breeder of animals throughout the world4 ,darwin in his remarks relative to the degeneration of ,,cultivated types of animals through the action of promiscuous breeding1 brings ,gobineau support from the realm of biology4 ,the last two verses of par4 #ab were discussed in the ,notes on ,chapters ,,xxxvi4 and ,,liii4 ,par4 #ac4 ,this1 like the first part of 8,the ,soothsayer01 is obviously a reference to the ,schopenhauerian ,pessimism4 ,pars4 #ad1 #ae1 #af1 #ag4 ,these are supplementary to the discourse 8,backworld's-men04 ,par4 #ah4 ,we must be careful to separate this paragraph1 in sense1 from the previous four paragraphs4 ,nietzsche is still dealing with ,pessimism here2 but it is the pessimism of the hero--the man most susceptible of all to desperate views of life1 owing to the obstacles that are arrayed against him in a world where men of his kind are very rare and are continually being sacrificed4 ,it was to save this man that ,nietzsche wrote4 ,heroism foiled1 thwarted1 and wrecked1 hoping and fighting until the last1 is at length overtaken by despair1 and renounces all struggle for sleep4 ,this is not the natural or constitutional pessimism which proceeds from an unhealthy body--the dyspeptic's lack of appetite2 it is rather the desperation of the netted lion that ultimately stops all movement1 because the more it moves the more involved it becomes4 ,par4 #bj4 8,all that increases power is good1 all that springs from weakness is bad4 ,the weak and ill-constituted shall perish3 first principle of our charity4 ,and one shall also help them thereto40 ,nietzsche partly divined the kind of reception moral values of this stamp would meet with at the hands of the effeminate manhood of ,europe4 ,here we see that he had anticipated the most likely form their criticism would take 7see also the last two verses of par4 #ag74 ,par4 #ba4 ,the first ten verses1 here1 are reminiscent of 8,war and ,warriors0 and of 8,the ,flies in the ,market-place40 ,verses #aa and #ab1 however1 are particularly important4 ,there is a strong argument in favour of the sharp differentiation of castes and of races 7and even of sexes2 see ,note on ,chapter ,,xviii47 running all through ,nietzsche's writings4 ,but sharp differentiation also implies antagonism in some form or other--hence ,nietzsche's fears for modern men4 ,what modern men desire above all1 is peace and the cessation of pain4 ,but neither great races nor great castes have ever been built up in this way4 8,who still wanteth to rule80 ,zarathustra asks in the 8,prologue04 8,who still wanteth to obey8 ,both are too burdensome40 ,this is rapidly becoming everybody's attitude to-day4 ,the tame moral reading of the face of nature1 together with such democratic interpretations of life as those suggested by ,herbert ,spencer1 are signs of a physiological condition which is the reverse of that bounding and irresponsible healthiness in which harder and more tragic values rule4 ,par4 #bd4 ,this should be read in conjunction with 8,child and ,marriage04 ,in the fifth verse we shall recognise our old friend 8,marriage on the ten-years system10 which ,george ,meredith suggested some years ago4 ,this1 however1 must not be taken too literally4 ,i do not think ,nietzsche's profoundest views on marriage were ever intended to be given over to the public at all1 at least not for the present4 ,they appear in the biography by his sister1 and although their wisdom is unquestionable1 the nature of the reforms he suggests render it impossible for them to become popular just now4 ,pars4 #bf1 #bg4 ,see ,note on 8,the ,prologue04 ,par4 #bh4 ,nietzsche was not an iconoclast from predilection4 ,no bitterness or empty hate dictated his vituperations against existing values and against the dogmas of his parents and forefathers4 ,he knew too well what these things meant to the millions who profess them1 to approach the task of uprooting them with levity or even with haste4 ,he saw what modern anarchists and revolutionists do ,,not see--namely1 that man is in danger of actual destruction when his customs and values are broken4 ,i need hardly point out1 therefore1 how deeply he was conscious of the responsibility he threw upon our shoulders when he invited us to reconsider our position4 ,the lines in this paragraph are evidence enough of his earnestness4 ,chapter ,,lvii4 ,the ,convalescent4 ,we meet with several puzzles here4 ,zarathustra calls himself the advocate of the circle 7the ,eternal ,recurrence of all things71 and he calls this doctrine his abysmal thought4 ,in the last verse of the first paragraph1 however1 after hailing his deepest thought1 he cries3 8,disgust1 disgust1 disgust60 ,we know ,nietzsche's ideal man was that 8world-approving1 exuberant1 and vivacious creature1 who has not only learnt to compromise and arrange with that which was and is1 but wishes to have it again1 ,,as ,,it ,,was ,,and ,,is1 for all eternity insatiably calling out da capo1 not only to himself1 but to the whole piece and play0 7see ,note on ,chapter ,,xlii474 ,but if one ask oneself what the conditions to such an attitude are1 one will realise immediately how utterly different ,nietzsche was from his ideal4 ,the man who insatiably cries da capo to himself and to the whole of his mise-en-scene1 must be in a position to desire every incident in his life to be repeated1 not once1 but again and again eternally4 ,now1 ,nietzsche's life had been too full of disappointments1 illness1 unsuccessful struggles1 and snubs1 to allow of his thinking of the ,eternal ,recurrence without loathing--hence probably the words of the last verse4 ,in verses #ae and #af1 we have ,nietzsche declaring himself an evolutionist in the broadest sense--that is to say1 that he believes in the ,development ,hypothesis as the description of the process by which species have originated4 ,now1 to understand his position correctly we must show his relationship to the two greatest of modern evolutionists--,darwin and ,spencer4 ,as a philosopher1 however1 ,nietzsche does not stand or fall by his objections to the ,darwinian or ,spencerian cosmogony4 ,he never laid claim to a very profound knowledge of biology1 and his criticism is far more valuable as the attitude of a fresh mind than as that of a specialist towards the question4 ,moreover1 in his objections many difficulties are raised which are not settled by an appeal to either of the men above mentioned4 ,we have given ,nietzsche's definition of life in the ,note on ,chapter ,,lvi41 par4 #aj4 ,still1 there remains a hope that ,darwin and ,nietzsche may some day become reconciled by a new description of the processes by which varieties occur4 ,the appearance of varieties among animals and of 8sporting plants0 in the vegetable kingdom1 is still shrouded in mystery1 and the question whether this is not precisely the ground on which ,darwin and ,nietzsche will meet1 is an interesting one4 ,the former says in his 8,origin of ,species01 concerning the causes of variability3 8444there are two factors1 namely1 the nature of the organism1 and the nature of the conditions4 ,,the ,,former ,,seems ,,to ,,be ,,much ,,the ,,more ,,important 7,the italics are mine471 for nearly similar variations sometimes arise under1 as far as we can judge1 dissimilar conditions2 and on the other hand1 dissimilar variations arise under conditions which appear to be nearly uniform40 ,nietzsche1 recognising this same truth1 would ascribe practically all the importance to the 8highest functionaries in the organism1 in which the life-will appears as an active and formative principle10 and except in certain cases 7where passive organisms alone are concerned7 would not give such a prominent place to the influence of environment4 ,adaptation1 according to him1 is merely a secondary activity1 a mere re-activity1 and he is therefore quite opposed to ,spencer's definition3 8,life is the continuous adjustment of internal relations to external relations40 ,again in the motive force behind animal and plant life1 ,nietzsche disagrees with ,darwin4 ,he transforms the 8,struggle for ,existence0--the passive and involuntary condition--into the 8,struggle for ,power10 which is active and creative1 and much more in harmony with ,darwin's own view1 given above1 concerning the importance of the organism itself4 ,the change is one of such far-reaching importance that we cannot dispose of it in a breath1 as a mere play upon words4 8,much is reckoned higher than life itself by the living one40 ,nietzsche says that to speak of the activity of life as a 8struggle for existence10 is to state the case inadequately4 ,he warns us not to confound ,malthus with nature4 ,there is something more than this struggle between the organic beings on this earth2 want1 which is supposed to bring this struggle about1 is not so common as is supposed2 some other force must be operative4 ,the ,will to ,power is this force1 8the instinct of self-preservation is only one of the indirect and most frequent results thereof40 ,a certain lack of acumen in psychological questions and the condition of affairs in ,england at the time ,darwin wrote1 may both1 according to ,nietzsche1 have induced the renowned naturalist to describe the forces of nature as he did in his 8,origin of ,species04 ,in verses #bh1 #bi1 and #cj of the second portion of this discourse we meet with a doctrine which1 at first sight1 seems to be merely 8le manoir a l'envers10 indeed one ,english critic has actually said of ,nietzsche1 that 8,thus ,spake ,zarathustra0 is no more than a compendium of modern views and maxims turned upside down4 ,examining these heterodox pronouncements a little more closely1 however1 we may possibly perceive their truth4 ,regarding good and evil as purely relative values1 it stands to reason that what may be bad or evil in a given man1 relative to a certain environment1 may actually be good if not highly virtuous in him relative to a certain other environment4 ,if this hypothetical man represent the ascending line of life--that is to say1 if he promise all that which is highest in a ,graeco-,roman sense1 then it is likely that he will be condemned as wicked if introduced into the society of men representing the opposite and descending line of life4 ,by depriving a man of his wickedness--more particularly nowadays-- therefore1 one may unwittingly be doing violence to the greatest in him4 ,it may be an outrage against his wholeness1 just as the lopping-off of a leg would be4 ,fortunately1 the natural so-called 8wickedness0 of higher men has in a certain measure been able to resist this lopping process which successive slave-moralities have practised2 but signs are not wanting which show that the noblest wickedness is fast vanishing from society--the wickedness of courage and determination--and that ,nietzsche had good reasons for crying3 8,ah1 that 7man's7 baddest is so very small6 ,ah1 that his best is so very small4 ,what is good8 ,to be brave is good6 ,it is the good war which halloweth every cause60 7see also par4 #e1 8,higher ,man074 ,chapter ,,lx4 ,the ,seven ,seals4 ,this is a final paean which ,zarathustra sings to ,eternity and the marriage-ring of rings1 the ring of the ,eternal ,recurrence4 444 ,,part ,,iv4 ,in my opinion this part is ,nietzsche's open avowal that all his philosophy1 together with all his hopes1 enthusiastic outbursts1 blasphemies1 prolixities1 and obscurities1 were merely so many gifts laid at the feet of higher men4 ,he had no desire to save the world4 ,what he wished to determine was3 ,who is to be master of the world8 ,this is a very different thing4 ,he came to save higher men2--to give them that freedom by which1 alone1 they can develop and reach their zenith 7see ,note on ,chapter ,,liv41 end74 ,it has been argued1 and with considerable force1 that no such philosophy is required by higher men1 that1 as a matter of fact1 higher men1 by virtue of their constitutions always1 do stand ,beyond ,good and ,evil1 and never allow anything to stand in the way of their complete growth4 ,nietzsche1 however1 was evidently not so confident about this4 ,he would probably have argued that we only see the successful cases4 ,being a great man himself1 he was well aware of the dangers threatening greatness in our age4 ,in 8,beyond ,good and ,evil0 he writes3 8,there are few pains so grievous as to have seen1 divined1 or experienced how an exceptional man has missed his way and deteriorated4440 ,he knew 8from his painfullest recollections on what wretched obstacles promising developments of the highest rank have hitherto usually gone to pieces1 broken down1 sunk1 and become contemptible40 ,now in ,part ,,iv4 we shall find that his strongest temptation to descend to the feeling of 8pity0 for his contemporaries1 is the 8cry for help0 which he hears from the lips of the higher men exposed to the dreadful danger of their modern environment4 ,chapter ,,lxi4 ,the ,honey ,sacrifice4 ,in the fourteenth verse of this discourse ,nietzsche defines the solemn duty he imposed upon himself3 8,become what thou art40 ,surely the criticism which has been directed against this maxim must all fall to the ground when it is remembered1 once and for all1 that ,nietzsche's teaching was never intended to be other than an esoteric one4 8,i am a law only for mine own10 he says emphatically1 8,i am not a law for all40 ,it is of the greatest importance to humanity that its highest individuals should be allowed to attain to their full development2 for1 only by means of its heroes can the human race be led forward step by step to higher and yet higher levels4 8,become what thou art0 applied to all1 of course1 becomes a vicious maxim2 it is to be hoped1 however1 that we may learn in time that the same action performed by a given number of men1 loses its identity precisely that same number of times4--8,quod licet ,jovi1 non licet bovi40 ,at the last eight verses many readers may be tempted to laugh4 ,in ,england we almost always laugh when a man takes himself seriously at anything save sport4 ,and there is of course no reason why the reader should not be hilarious4--,a certain greatness is requisite1 both in order to be sublime and to have reverence for the sublime4 ,nietzsche earnestly believed that the ,zarathustra-kingdom--his dynasty of a thousand years--would one day come2 if he had not believed it so earnestly1 if every artist in fact had not believed so earnestly in his ,hazar1 whether of ten1 fifteen1 a hundred1 or a thousand years1 we should have lost all our higher men2 they would have become pessimists1 suicides1 or merchants4 ,if the minor poet and philosopher has made us shy of the prophetic seriousness which characterized an ,isaiah or a ,jeremiah1 it is surely our loss and the minor poet's gain4 ,chapter ,,lxii4 ,the ,cry of ,distress4 ,we now meet with ,zarathustra in extraordinary circumstances4 ,he is confronted with ,schopenhauer and tempted by the old ,soothsayer to commit the sin of pity4 8,i have come that ,i may seduce thee to thy last sin60 says the ,soothsayer to ,zarathustra4 ,it will be remembered that in ,schopenhauer's ethics1 pity is elevated to the highest place among the virtues1 and very consistently too1 seeing that the ,weltanschauung is a pessimistic one4 ,schopenhauer appeals to ,nietzsche's deepest and strongest sentiment--his sympathy for higher men4 8,why dost thou conceal thyself80 he cries4 8,it is ,,the ,,higher ,,man that calleth for thee60 ,zarathustra is almost overcome by the ,soothsayer's pleading1 as he had been once already in the past1 but he resists him step by step4 ,at length he can withstand him no longer1 and1 on the plea that the higher man is on his ground and therefore under his protection1 ,zarathustra departs in search of him1 leaving ,schopenhauer--a higher man in ,nietzsche's opinion--in the cave as a guest4 ,chapter ,,lxiii4 ,talk with the ,kings4 ,on his way ,zarathustra meets two more higher men of his time2 two kings cross his path4 ,they are above the average modern type2 for their instincts tell them what real ruling is1 and they despise the mockery which they have been taught to call 8,reigning40 8,we ,,are ,,not the first men10 they say1 8and have nevertheless to ,,stand ,,for them3 of this imposture have we at last become weary and disgusted40 ,it is the kings who tell ,zarathustra3 8,there is no sorer misfortune in all human destiny than when the mighty of the earth are not also the first men4 ,there everything becometh false and distorted and monstrous40 ,the kings are also asked by ,zarathustra to accept the shelter of his cave1 whereupon he proceeds on his way4 ,chapter ,,lxiv4 ,the ,leech4 ,among the higher men whom ,zarathustra wishes to save1 is also the scientific specialist--the man who honestly and scrupulously pursues his investigations1 as ,darwin did1 in one department of knowledge4 8,i love him who liveth in order to know1 and seeketh to know in order that the ,superman may hereafter live4 ,thus seeketh he his own down-going40 8,the spiritually conscientious one10 he is called in this discourse4 ,zarathustra steps on him unawares1 and the slave of science1 bleeding from the violence he has done to himself by his self-imposed task1 speaks proudly of his little sphere of knowledge--his little hand's breadth of ground on ,zarathustra's territory1 philosophy4 8,where mine honesty ceaseth10 says the true scientific specialist1 8there am ,i blind and want also to be blind4 ,where ,i want to know1 however1 there want ,i also to be honest--namely1 severe1 rigorous1 restricted1 cruel1 and inexorable40 ,zarathustra greatly respecting this man1 invites him too to the cave1 and then vanishes in answer to another cry for help4 ,chapter ,,lxv4 ,the ,magician4 ,the ,magician is of course an artist1 and ,nietzsche's intimate knowledge of perhaps the greatest artist of his age rendered the selection of ,wagner1 as the type in this discourse1 almost inevitable4 ,most readers will be acquainted with the facts relating to ,nietzsche's and ,wagner's friendship and ultimate separation4 ,as a boy and a youth ,nietzsche had shown such a remarkable gift for music that it had been a question at one time whether he should not perhaps give up everything else in order to develop this gift1 but he became a scholar notwithstanding1 although he never entirely gave up composing1 and playing the piano4 ,while still in his teens1 he became acquainted with ,wagner's music and grew passionately fond of it4 ,long before he met ,wagner he must have idealised him in his mind to an extent which only a profoundly artistic nature could have been capable of4 ,nietzsche always had high ideals for humanity4 ,if one were asked whether1 throughout his many changes1 there was yet one aim1 one direction1 and one hope to which he held fast1 one would be forced to reply in the affirmative and declare that aim1 direction1 and hope to have been 8the elevation of the type man40 ,now1 when ,nietzsche met ,wagner he was actually casting about for an incarnation of his dreams for the ,german people1 and we have only to remember his youth 7he was twenty-one when he was introduced to ,wagner71 his love of ,wagner's music1 and the undoubted power of the great musician's personality1 in order to realise how very uncritical his attitude must have been in the first flood of his enthusiasm4 ,again1 when the friendship ripened1 we cannot well imagine ,nietzsche1 the younger man1 being anything less than intoxicated by his senior's attention and love1 and we are therefore not surprised to find him pressing ,wagner forward as the great ,reformer and ,saviour of mankind4 8,wagner in ,bayreuth0 7,english ,edition1 #aiji7 gives us the best proof of ,nietzsche's infatuation1 and although signs are not wanting in this essay which show how clearly and even cruelly he was sub-consciously 8taking stock0 of his friend--even then1 the work is a record of what great love and admiration can do in the way of endowing the object of one's affection with all the qualities and ideals that a fertile imagination can conceive4 ,when the blow came it was therefore all the more severe4 ,nietzsche at length realised that the friend of his fancy and the real ,richard ,wagner--the composer of ,parsifal--were not one2 the fact dawned upon him slowly2 disappointment upon disappointment1 revelation after revelation1 ultimately brought it home to him1 and though his best instincts were naturally opposed to it at first1 the revulsion of feeling at last became too strong to be ignored1 and ,nietzsche was plunged into the blackest despair4 ,years after his break with ,wagner1 he wrote 8,the ,case of ,wagner01 and 8,nietzsche contra ,wagner01 and these works are with us to prove the sincerity and depth of his views on the man who was the greatest event of his life4 ,the poem in this discourse is1 of course1 reminiscent of ,wagner's own poetical manner1 and it must be remembered that the whole was written subsequent to ,nietzsche's final break with his friend4 ,the dialogue between ,zarathustra and the ,magician reveals pretty fully what it was that ,nietzsche grew to loathe so intensely in ,wagner1--viz41 his pronounced histrionic tendencies1 his dissembling powers1 his inordinate vanity1 his equivocalness1 his falseness4 8,it honoureth thee10 says ,zarathustra1 8that thou soughtest for greatness1 but it betrayeth thee also4 ,thou art not great40 ,the ,magician is nevertheless sent as a guest to ,zarathustra's cave2 for1 in his heart1 ,zarathustra believed until the end that the ,magician was a higher man broken by modern values4 ,chapter ,,lxvi4 ,out of ,service4 ,zarathustra now meets the last pope1 and1 in a poetical form1 we get ,nietzsche's description of the course ,judaism and ,christianity pursued before they reached their final break-up in ,atheism1 ,agnosticism1 and the like4 ,the ,god of a strong1 warlike race--the ,god of ,israel--is a jealous1 revengeful ,god4 ,he is a power that can be pictured and endured only by a hardy and courageous race1 a race rich enough to sacrifice and to lose in sacrifice4 ,the image of this ,god degenerates with the people that appropriate it1 and gradually ,he becomes a ,god of love--8soft and mellow10 a lower middle-class deity1 who is 8pitiful40 ,he can no longer be a ,god who requires sacrifice1 for we ourselves are no longer rich enough for that4 ,the tables are therefore turned upon ,him2 ,,he must sacrifice to us4 ,his pity becomes so great that he actually does sacrifice something to us--,his only begotten ,son4 ,such a process carried to its logical conclusions must ultimately end in ,his own destruction1 and thus we find the pope declaring that ,god was one day suffocated by ,his all-too-great pity4 ,what follows is clear enough4 ,zarathustra recognises another higher man in the ex-pope and sends him too as a guest to the cave4 ,chapter ,,lxvii4 ,the ,ugliest ,man4 ,this discourse contains perhaps the boldest of ,nietzsche's suggestions concerning ,atheism1 as well as some extremely penetrating remarks upon the sentiment of pity4 ,zarathustra comes across the repulsive creature sitting on the wayside1 and what does he do8 ,he manifests the only correct feelings that can be manifested in the presence of any great misery--that is to say1 shame1 reverence1 embarrassment4 ,nietzsche detested the obtrusive and gushing pity that goes up to misery without a blush either on its cheek or in its heart--the pity which is only another form of self-glorification4 8,thank ,god that ,i am not like thee60--only this self-glorifying sentiment can lend a well-constituted man the impudence to ,,show his pity for the cripple and the ill-constituted4 ,in the presence of the ugliest man ,nietzsche blushes1--he blushes for his race2 his own particular kind of altruism--the altruism that might have prevented the existence of this man--strikes him with all its force4 ,he will have the world otherwise4 ,he will have a world where one need not blush for one's fellows--hence his appeal to us to love only our children's land1 the land undiscovered in the remotest sea4 ,zarathustra calls the ugliest man the murderer of ,god6 ,certainly1 this is one aspect of a certain kind of ,atheism--the ,atheism of the man who reveres beauty to such an extent that his own ugliness1 which outrages him1 must be concealed from every eye lest it should not be respected as ,zarathustra respected it4 ,if there be a ,god1 ,he too must be evaded4 ,his pity must be foiled4 ,but ,god is ubiquitous and omniscient4 ,therefore1 for the really ,,great ugly man1 ,he must not exist4 8,their pity ,,is it from which ,i flee away10 he says--that is to say3 8,it is from their want of reverence and lack of shame in presence of my great misery60 ,the ugliest man despises himself2 but ,zarathustra said in his ,prologue3 8,i love the great despisers because they are the great adorers1 and arrows of longing for the other shore40 ,he therefore honours the ugliest man3 sees height in his self-contempt1 and invites him to join the other higher men in the cave4 ,chapter ,,lxviii4 ,the ,voluntary ,beggar4 ,in this discourse1 we undoubtedly have the ideal ,buddhist1 if not ,gautama ,buddha himself4 ,nietzsche had the greatest respect for ,buddhism1 and almost wherever he refers to it in his works1 it is in terms of praise4 ,he recognised that though ,buddhism is undoubtedly a religion for decadents1 its decadent values emanate from the higher and not1 as in ,christianity1 from the lower grades of society4 ,in ,aphorism #bj of 8,the ,antichrist01 he compares it exhaustively with ,christianity1 and the result of his investigation is very much in favour of the older religion4 ,still1 he recognised a most decided ,buddhistic influence in ,christ's teaching1 and the words in verses #bi1 #cj1 and #ca are very reminiscent of his views in regard to the ,christian ,savior4 ,the figure of ,christ has been introduced often enough into fiction1 and many scholars have undertaken to write ,his life according to their own lights1 but few perhaps have ever attempted to present ,him to us bereft of all those characteristics which a lack of the sense of harmony has attached to ,his person through the ages in which ,his doctrines have been taught4 ,now ,nietzsche disagreed entirely with ,renan's view1 that ,christ was 8le grand maitre en ironie02 in ,aphorism #ca of 8,the ,antichrist01 he says that he 7,nietzsche7 always purged his picture of the ,humble ,nazarene of all those bitter and spiteful outbursts which1 in view of the struggle the first ,christians went through1 may very well have been added to the original character by ,apologists and ,sectarians who1 at that time1 could ill afford to consider nice psychological points1 seeing that what they needed1 above all1 was a wrangling and abusive deity4 ,these two conflicting halves in the character of the ,christ of the ,gospels1 which no sound psychology can ever reconcile1 ,nietzsche always kept distinct in his own mind2 he could not credit the same man with sentiments sometimes so noble and at other times so vulgar1 and in presenting us with this new portrait of the ,saviour1 purged of all impurities1 ,nietzsche rendered military honours to a foe1 which far exceed in worth all that ,his most ardent disciples have ever claimed for ,him4 ,in verse #bf we are vividly reminded of ,herbert ,spencer's words 8#8,le mariage de convenance' is legalised prostitution40 ,chapter ,,lxix4 ,the ,shadow4 ,here we have a description of that courageous and wayward spirit that literally haunts the footsteps of every great thinker and every great leader2 sometimes with the result that it loses all aims1 all hopes1 and all trust in a definite goal4 ,it is the case of the bravest and most broad-minded men of to-day4 ,these literally shadow the most daring movements in the science and art of their generation2 they completely lose their bearings and actually find themselves1 in the end1 without a way1 a goal1 or a home4 8,on every surface have ,i already sat6444,i become thin1 ,i am almost equal to a shadow60 ,at last1 in despair1 such men do indeed cry out3 8,nothing is true2 all is permitted10 and then they become mere wreckage4 8,too much hath become clear unto me3 now nothing mattereth to me any more4 ,nothing liveth any longer that ,i love1--how should ,i still love myself6 ,have ,i still a goal8 ,where is ,,my home80 ,zarathustra realises the danger threatening such a man4 8,thy danger is not small1 thou free spirit and wanderer10 he says4 8,thou hast had a bad day4 ,see that a still worse evening doth not overtake thee60 ,the danger ,zarathustra refers to is precisely this1 that even a prison may seem a blessing to such a man4 ,at least the bars keep him in a place of rest2 a place of confinement1 at its worst1 is real4 8,beware lest in the end a narrow faith capture thee10 says ,zarathustra1 8for now everything that is narrow and fixed seduceth and tempteth thee40 ,chapter ,,lxx4 ,noontide4 ,at the noon of life ,nietzsche said he entered the world2 with him man came of age4 ,we are now held responsible for our actions2 our old guardians1 the gods and demi-gods of our youth1 the superstitions and fears of our childhood1 withdraw2 the field lies open before us2 we lived through our morning with but one master--chance--2 let us see to it that we ,,make our afternoon our own 7see ,note ,,xlix41 ,part ,,iii474 ,chapter ,,lxxi4 ,the ,greeting4 ,here ,i think ,i may claim that my contention in regard to the purpose and aim of the whole of ,nietzsche's philosophy 7as stated at the beginning of my ,notes on ,part ,,iv47 is completely upheld4 ,he fought for 8all who do not want to live1 unless they learn again to ,,hope--unless ,,they learn 7from him7 the ,,great hope60 ,zarathustra's address to his guests shows clearly enough how he wished to help them3 8,i ,,do ,,not ,,treat ,,my ,,warriors ,,indulgently10 he says3 8how then could ye be fit for ,,my warfare80 ,he rebukes and spurns them1 no word of love comes from his lips4 ,elsewhere he says a man should be a hard bed to his friend1 thus alone can he be of use to him4 ,nietzsche would be a hard bed to higher men4 ,he would make them harder2 for1 in order to be a law unto himself1 man must possess the requisite hardness4 8,i wait for higher ones1 stronger ones1 more triumphant ones1 merrier ones1 for such as are built squarely in body and soul40 ,he says in par4 #f of 8,higher ,man03-- 8,ye higher men1 think ye that ,i am here to put right what ye have put wrong8 ,or that ,i wished henceforth to make snugger couches for you sufferers8 ,or show you restless1 miswandering1 misclimbing ones new and easier footpaths80 8,nay6 ,nay6 ,three times nay6 ,always more1 always better ones of your type shall succumb--for ye shall always have it worse and harder40 ,chapter ,,lxxii4 ,the ,supper4 ,in the first seven verses of this discourse1 ,i cannot help seeing a gentle allusion to ,schopenhauer's habits as a bon-vivant4 ,for a pessimist1 be it remembered1 ,schopenhauer led quite an extraordinary life4 ,he ate well1 loved well1 played the flute well1 and ,i believe he smoked the best cigars4 ,what follows is clear enough4 ,chapter ,,lxxiii4 ,the ,higher ,man4 ,par4 #a4 ,nietzsche admits1 here1 that at one time he had thought of appealing to the people1 to the crowd in the market-place1 but that he had ultimately to abandon the task4 ,he bids higher men depart from the market-place4 ,par4 #c4 ,here we are told quite plainly what class of men actually owe all their impulses and desires to the instinct of self-preservation4 ,the struggle for existence is indeed the only spur in the case of such people4 ,to them it matters not in what shape or condition man be preserved1 provided only he survive4 ,the transcendental maxim that 8,life per se is precious0 is the ruling maxim here4 ,par4 #d4 ,in the ,note on ,chapter ,,lvii4 7end7 ,i speak of ,nietzsche's elevation of the virtue1 ,courage1 to the highest place among the virtues4 ,here he tells higher men the class of courage he expects from them4 ,pars4 #e1 #f4 ,these have already been referred to in the ,notes on ,chapters ,,lvii4 7end7 and ,,lxxi4 ,par4 #g4 ,i suggest that the last verse in this paragraph strongly confirms the view that ,nietzsche's teaching was always meant by him to be esoteric and for higher man alone4 ,par4 #i4 ,in the last verse1 here1 another shaft of light is thrown upon the ,immaculate ,perception or so-called 8pure objectivity0 of the scientific mind4 8,freedom from fever is still far from being knowledge40 ,where a man's emotions cease to accompany him in his investigations1 he is not necessarily nearer the truth4 ,says ,spencer1 in the ,preface to his ,autobiography3--8,in the genesis of a system of thought1 the emotional nature is a large factor3 perhaps as large a factor as the intellectual nature0 7see pages #acd1 #ada of ,vol4 ,i41 8,thoughts out of ,season074 ,pars4 #aj1 #aa4 ,when we approach ,nietzsche's philosophy we must be prepared to be independent thinkers2 in fact1 the greatest virtue of his works is perhaps the subtlety with which they impose the obligation upon one of thinking alone1 of scoring off one's own bat1 and of shifting intellectually for oneself4 ,par4 #ac4 8,i am a railing alongside the torrent2 whoever is able to grasp me1 may grasp me6 ,your crutch1 however1 ,i am not40 ,these two paragraphs are an exhortation to higher men to become independent4 ,par4 #ae4 ,here ,nietzsche perhaps exaggerates the importance of heredity4 ,as1 however1 the question is by no means one on which we are all agreed1 what he says is not without value4 ,a very important principle in ,nietzsche's philosophy is enunciated in the first verse of this paragraph4 8,the higher its type1 always the seldomer doth a thing succeed0 7see page #hb of 8,beyond ,good and ,evil074 ,those who1 like some political economists1 talk in a business-like way about the terrific waste of human life and energy1 deliberately overlook the fact that the waste most to be deplored usually occurs among higher individuals4 ,economy was never precisely one of nature's leading principles4 ,all this sentimental wailing over the larger proportion of failures than successes in human life1 does not seem to take into account the fact that it is the rarest thing on earth for a highly organised being to attain to the fullest development and activity of all its functions1 simply because it is so highly organised4 ,the blind ,will to ,power in nature therefore stands in urgent need of direction by man4 ,pars4 #af1 #ag1 #ah1 #ai1 #bj4 ,these paragraphs deal with ,nietzsche's protest against the democratic seriousness 7,pobelernst7 of modern times4 8,all good things laugh10 he says1 and his final command to the higher men is1 8,,learn1 ,i pray you--to laugh40 ,all that is ,,good1 in ,nietzsche's sense1 is cheerful4 ,to be able to crack a joke about one's deepest feelings is the greatest test of their value4 ,the man who does not laugh1 like the man who does not make faces1 is already a buffoon at heart4 8,what hath hitherto been the greatest sin here on earth8 ,was it not the word of him who said3 #8,woe unto them that laugh now6' ,did he himself find no cause for laughter on the earth8 ,then he sought badly4 ,a child even findeth cause for it40 ,chapter ,,lxxiv4 ,the ,song of ,melancholy4 ,after his address to the higher men1 ,zarathustra goes out into the open to recover himself4 ,meanwhile the magician 7,wagner71 seizing the opportunity in order to draw them all into his net once more1 sings the ,song of ,melancholy4 ,chapter ,,lxxv4 ,science4 ,the only one to resist the 8melancholy voluptuousness0 of his art1 is the spiritually conscientious one--the scientific specialist of whom we read in the discourse entitled 8,the ,leech04 ,he takes the harp from the magician and cries for air1 while reproving the musician in the style of 8,the ,case of ,wagner04 ,when the magician retaliates by saying that the spiritually conscientious one could have understood little of his song1 the latter replies3 8,thou praisest me in that thou separatest me from thyself40 ,the speech of the scientific man to his fellow higher men is well worth studying4 ,by means of it1 ,nietzsche pays a high tribute to the honesty of the true specialist1 while1 in representing him as the only one who can resist the demoniacal influence of the magician's music1 he elevates him at a stroke1 above all those present4 ,zarathustra and the spiritually conscientious one join issue at the end on the question of the proper place of 8fear0 in man's history1 and ,nietzsche avails himself of the opportunity in order to restate his views concerning the relation of courage to humanity4 ,it is precisely because courage has played the most important part in our development that he would not see it vanish from among our virtues to-day4 8444courage seemeth to me the entire primitive history of man40 ,chapter ,,lxxvi4 ,among the ,daughters of the ,desert4 ,this tells its own tale4 ,chapter ,,lxxvii4 ,the ,awakening4 ,in this discourse1 ,nietzsche wishes to give his followers a warning4 ,he thinks he has so far helped them that they have become convalescent1 that new desires are awakened in them and that new hopes are in their arms and legs4 ,but he mistakes the nature of the change4 ,true1 he has helped them1 he has given them back what they most need1 i4e41 belief in believing--the confidence in having confidence in something1 but how do they use it8 ,this belief in faith1 if one can so express it without seeming tautological1 has certainly been restored to them1 and in the first flood of their enthusiasm they use it by bowing down and worshipping an ass6 ,when writing this passage1 ,nietzsche was obviously thinking of the accusations which were levelled at the early ,christians by their pagan contemporaries4 ,it is well known that they were supposed not only to be eaters of human flesh but also ass-worshippers1 and among the ,roman graffiti1 the most famous is the one found on the ,palatino1 showing a man worshipping a cross on which is suspended a figure with the head of an ass 7see ,minucius ,felix1 8,octavius0 ,,ix42 ,tacitus1 8,historiae0 v4 #c2 ,tertullian1 8,apologia01 etc474 ,nietzsche's obvious moral1 however1 is that great scientists and thinkers1 once they have reached the wall encircling scepticism and have thereby learned to recover their confidence in the act of believing1 as such1 usually manifest the change in their outlook by falling victims to the narrowest and most superstitious of creeds4 ,so much for the introduction of the ass as an object of worship4 ,now1 with regard to the actual service and ,ass-,festival1 no reader who happens to be acquainted with the religious history of the ,middle ,ages will fail to see the allusion here to the asinaria festa which were by no means uncommon in ,france1 ,germany1 and elsewhere in ,europe during the thirteenth1 fourteenth1 and fifteenth centuries4 ,chapter ,,lxxviii4 ,the ,ass-,festival4 ,at length1 in the middle of their feast1 ,zarathustra bursts in upon them and rebukes them soundly4 ,but he does not do so long2 in the ,ass-,festival1 it suddenly occurs to him1 that he is concerned with a ceremony that may not be without its purpose1 as something foolish but necessary--a recreation for wise men4 ,he is therefore highly pleased that the higher men have all blossomed forth2 they therefore require new festivals1--8,a little valiant nonsense1 some divine service and ass-festival1 some old joyful ,zarathustra fool1 some blusterer to blow their souls bright40 ,he tells them not to forget that night and the ass-festival1 for 8such things only the convalescent devise6 ,and should ye celebrate it again10 he concludes1 8do it from love to yourselves1 do it also from love to me6 ,and in remembrance of ,,me60 ,chapter ,,lxxix4 ,the ,drunken ,song4 ,it were the height of presumption to attempt to fix any particular interpretation of my own to the words of this song4 ,with what has gone before1 the reader1 while reading it as poetry1 should be able to seek and find his own meaning in it4 ,the doctrine of the ,eternal ,recurrence appears for the last time here1 in an art-form4 ,nietzsche lays stress upon the fact that all happiness1 all delight1 longs for repetitions1 and just as a child cries 8,again6 ,again60 to the adult who happens to be amusing him2 so the man who sees a meaning1 and a joyful meaning1 in existence must also cry 8,again60 and yet 8,again60 to all his life4 ,chapter ,,lxxx4 ,the ,sign4 ,in this discourse1 ,nietzsche disassociates himself finally from the higher men1 and by the symbol of the lion1 wishes to convey to us that he has won over and mastered the best and the most terrible in nature4 ,that great power and tenderness are kin1 was already his belief in #ahge--;eight years before he wrote this speech1 and when the birds and the lion come to him1 it is because he is the embodiment of the two qualities4 ,all that is terrible and great in nature1 the higher men are not yet prepared for2 for they retreat horror-stricken into the cave when the lion springs at them2 but ,zarathustra makes not a move towards them4 ,he was tempted to them on the previous day1 he says1 but 8,that hath had its time6 ,my suffering and my fellow-suffering1--what matter about them6 ,do ,i then strive after ,,happiness8 ,i strive after my work6 ,well6 the lion hath come1 my children are nigh4 ,zarathustra hath grown ripe4 ,,my day beginneth3 ,,arise ,,now1 ,,arise1 ,,thou ,,great ,,noonday60 444 ,the above ,i know to be open to much criticism4 ,i shall be grateful to all those who will be kind enough to show me where and how ,i have gone wrong2 but ,i should like to point out that1 as they stand1 ,i have not given to these ,notes by any means their final form4 ,,anthony ,m4 ,,ludovici4 ,london1 ,february #aiji4